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INDEX.
piiOViNCiA}. librar:
Anglin, Hon. T. W.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 93—96, 118.
Terms of Union, 93.
TazaUon Resolution, 94.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 91.
Terminus, 95.
Compensation, 95.
Public Works and the Constitution, 96.
Carnarvon Terms, 118.
BeROIN, Dr. J).
Canadian Pacific Railway, 116.
Oainarvon Terms, 116.
Steel Rails, 116.
Blake, flon. £.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 11 — 14,
22, 32, 41, 86, 107.
OarnarTon Terms, 12, 42, 86, 107.
Edgar's Instructions, 12.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 41, 86—89, 108,
109, 129,
Compensation, 12, 87.
Terms of Union, 87.
Provincial Revenues and Expenditures, 88^
Speech at Hamilton, 97.--v»fy/^,x^«-^'t/'^
Vancouver Island Railway, 103, 108.
Terminus, 12, 108.
Railway Lands in Vancouver Island, 121.
Raising money without interest, 133,
BUNSTSRjMl-. A. ^SiSi.!/,.S? /
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 28, 34.
Railway Lands in Vaucouver Island, 46,
120, 121, 122.
Terminus, 120.
Campbell, Sir Alex., Senator.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 9, S3, 122.
Edgar's Instructiona, 63.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 63, 59.
Tupper's Explanation of Vote, 69.
Carball, Hon. E. W. W., Senator.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 47, 48, 49.
Terms of Union. 47
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 47.
Minute of Council, 49, 61.
Oartwriqht, Sir E. J.
Act of 1874 and Taxation Rosolutita, 81.
Modification of Terms, 82.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 114—116.
Cauohon, Hon. Mr.
Union of B.C., 46.
Cornwall, Hon. C. F., Senator.
Minute of Council, 62.
Canadian Pacific Railway. 124—127.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 125, 126.
CuRBiER, Mr. J. M.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 18.
Customs and Excise Ordinances of B.C.
Extracts from Acts of 1867, 113.
VICTORIA, 13. C.
Dawson, Mr. S. J.
Carnarvon Terms and Treaty of Union, 96.
DeBoucherville, Hon.C.B.B.,Senator.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 127.
DeCosmos, Hon. Mr.
Line from Johnston's Straits to Esquimau,
1.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 1, 2S, 36,
32, 36.
Compensation, 12.
Railway Lands in Vancouver Island, 46.
Taxation Resolution; 69.
Onderdonk Contract, 104.
Dickey, Hon. E. B., Senator.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 36.
Minute of Council, 62.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 128.
Dymond, Mr.
Vancouver Island Railway, 73.
Explanation of Map.
Respecting Port Moody as Terminus, 137.
Galt, Sir A. T.
Extract from Letter to Hon. Jas. Ferrier,
1876, 129.
GiBOUARD (Jacques Cartier), Mr. D.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 110.
Taxation Resolution and Terms of Union,
118.
Globe, Extracts from Leaders.
New Terms for B.C., 130.
B.C. and Canadian Pacific Railway, 131.
B.C. and Vaucouver Island Railway, 132.
HoLTON, Hon. Mr.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 63.
HowLAN, Hon. G. W., Senator.
Minute of Council, 61.
Imjierial Guarantee.
Extract from Act of 1874, 161.
Irving, Mr.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 17, 18.
Ives, Mr. W. B.
Canadian Pacific Railway and Steel Rails.
104.
Eaulbach, Hon. H. A. N., senator.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 127.
Laird, Hon. Mr.
Railway Lands in Vancouver Island, 46.
Langevin, Hon. H. L.
Terminus, 1, 46.
Ferry, 1, 4S.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 1, 46, 76,
t9, 107.
G»nwli»n Pacific Railway, 44, 74, 103, tOl.
4l6e^
PPX)V
WDf^ffy
w
a
INDEX.
LANQEvrN, Hon. II. L. — Con.
Tcrnis of Union, B9.
Oarnftrvon Terms. 89.
Letelp^ieu de St. Just, Hon., Sonulor.
E8i|uiinalt and Naniiimo Railway, 37, 59.
Oar liar von Terms, 59. , j, ,«:-^ /////"
MAcnoNAti), Sir Jdfni. ^ ^'^> "?■ -"^
Speech at Kingston, 1874, 3.
KsqiiimaU ami Nantiimo Railway, 32, 33.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 79, 82, 106—108.
TerniiiUH and Ferry, 79.
Carnarvon Terms, 81, 82.
Public \Vorl{a and the Constitution, 96.
Railway Lands in Vancouver Island, 120.
MCKENZIE, Hon. Al(
Maci
fu
loX.
6i.
Speech to Electors of Lambton, 1873, 3.
.Manifesto, 4.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 4, 5, 38, G6— 73,
78,90—93, 105, 106, 129.
Terms of Union, 4—9, 38, 93, 105.
Carnarvon Terms, 10, 80.
Steel Rails, 10, 39.
Esq'iimplt and yanairao Railway, 9, 10,
16, 17, 20, 31, 32, 35, 105.
Edgar's Vlis.^ion, 10.
Railway Lanis in Vancouver Island, 46.
Amendment to Tapper's Resolutions, 79.
Compensation, 92.
Public Works and the Constitution, 96.
Act of 1874 and Taxation, 105.
Expenditure of $3,000,000 in B.C., 122.
Macpiieuson, Hon. D. L., Senator.
Rsqiimult and Nanaimo Railway, 49, 55.
Steel Riiilj, 50.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 55—59, 128.
Carnarvon Terms, 55.
Masson, Hon. Mr.
Esquimau and Nanaiuio Railway, 25, 44.
Memorandum.
In explanation of Map respecting Reserve
Lands, 135.
McCarthy, Mr. Dal ton.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 119.
Carnarvon Terms, 119.
MoLennan, Mr. John.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 96.
Mills, Hon. D.
.4ct of 1874 and Taxation Resolution, 81.
Railway Lands in Vancouver Island, 122.
Parlt. may repudiate Terms of Union, 133.
Miller, Hon. ',V., Senator.
E^qiiimalt and Nanaimo Railw.ay, 37.
Minute of Council, 61. -
Steel Rails,, 53. ,^
Morris, Hon. Mr.'^
Canadian Pacitic Railway, 129.
Palmer, Mr.
Esquimau and NTauuimo Railway, 29.
Penny, Hon. K. C, Senator.
Edgar Instructions, 64, 66.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 54.
t'anadian Pacific Railway, 65.
Plumb, Mr. J. JJ.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 18, 31.
Gsrtwiight'B Loan and O.P.R., 104.
Pope, Hon. J. II.
Carnarvon Term?, 46.
Expenditure of $3,000,000 in B.C., 122.
SciiTT, Hon. R. W., Senator.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 9, 50—53, 123.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 36, 60,
124, 126
Steel Riiils, 47, 53.
.Minute of Council, 49, 51.
Carnarvon Tfrms, 5J. ,-,
SKEAD,^Hon. .T., Senator.
Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway, 54.
Tabular Siatcments.
No. 1. Sumsvotedby Parlt. for surveys and
connrunion, C.P R., &c., 139-142.
No. 2. Approximate Statement of Annual
lit< r(!st expeii led on Capital for sur-
veys and construction, C.P. R., 143.
No, 3. Annual Keceipts of Con»:oIidated
Revenue Fuud, &c., 144.
No. 4. Total Kxpenditure out of Consoli-
dated Fund, &c , 145.
No. 5. Total Receipts from Taxes for nine
years, &c.. 146.
No. 6. Consolidated Revenue and Expen-
diti re of Dom., Ac, 147.
No. 7. (lurpluses and Deficits of Gonsoli*
dat^d Revenue Fund of Canada for
ninii years, 147.
No. 8. Total Dom. Notes in circulationi
kc, 148.
TiLLEY, Sir Leonard.
Canadiiin Pacific Railway, 109—114.
Terms of Union, 109, 110.
Carnarvon Terms and Minute of Gouncili
111.
Vancouver Island Railwav, 112.
Customs and Excise Receipts, 113.
Taxiiion Resolution, 113.
TupPER, Sir Charles.
Canadian Pacific Railway, 8, 11, 15, 39, 40,
43,60-65, 76—79, 83—85, 99 -103, 106.
Esqiiinialt and Nanaimo Railway, 16, 17,
19, 21, 30, 31, 33, 34, 36, 40, 43, 62, 84,
Edgar Instructions, 15.
Amendment to C.P.R. Resolutions, reco((-
ni2,inB: "Carnarvon Terms," 15.
Amenrment to E and N. Railway Bill, 36.
Edgar's Mission, 40.
Carnarvon Terms, 40, 63, 81, 84.
Terminus, 40, U'O,
Resolutions, 78.
Act of 1874, 82.
Compensation, 8.5, 92.
Onderaonk Contract, 104.
ViDAL, Hon. A., Senator.
AVlinut'j of Council, 61.
Wallace, Mr. W,
Esquioialt and Nanaimo Railway 29,
Amendment, three months' hoiat, lost on
division, 30.
White (Card well; Mr, T.
Canadian Pacific Railway. 117.
$.^,009,000 additional taxation, 117.
Minutes of Council of 1874, 1 18.
White (Eenfrow) Mr.
Esqu malt and Nanaimo Railway, 19.
Wright (Pontine) Mr.
Terms of Union, 73.
0., 122.
■'^
—53, 123.
ay. 36, 60,
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
y, 54.
urveysand
139-142.
Df Annual
al for aur-
R., 143.
mt^olidated
)f Consoli-
es for nine
nd Sxpen-
)f Consoli*
'anada for
lircalation,
-114.
f Councili
3.
15, 39, 40,
-103, 106.
Iy, 15, 17,
43, 62, 84.
s, recoK-
15.
J Bill, 35,
15,
|29.
lost on
Il9.
Additional obli(;ation8 assumed (Mackenzie in
Parlt.. 1874, ,Vail Rep.) 6.
Admi9f>)0D of British Columbia into the Union
(Oarrall in Senate, 1876) 47 ; (Vlackenzie
in Parlt , 1877) 66.
Agreement and solemn bargain made with
B. C. (Sir John A. Macdonald in Purlt.,
1881) 107.
All-rail commnnication considered imperative
in England (Cornwall in Senate, 1881)
127.
Amendment to O.P-R. resolutions recognizing
"Carnarvon Terms" (Tupper in Parlt.,
1875) 15.
Appeal to Imperial authorities not wholly
improper (Anglin in Parlt., 1880)91.
Articles of Union and Carnarvon Terms (Blake
in Parlt., 1876) 41.
Blakb accepted Carnarvon Terms (Langnvin
in Parlt., 1880) 89
on Island Railway (1881) 108.
appeal to Par'.t. to violate public faith
(Tupper in Parlt., 1881) 106.
Vote on B. and N. Railway Bill criti-
cised (Tupper in Parlt., 1880), 84 ; (Lan-
gevic) 89.
British Xorth America would be in-
complete without B.C. (Tupper in Parlt.,
1879) 76.
the man who would vote for the pro-
position with the secret intention of not
sinking last dollar to fulfill obligation was
a dishonest man (Olobe Rep.) 129.
Breach of Contract (Sir John A. Macdonald at
Kingston, Toronto Mail, Jan. 12, 1874) 3.
Building of C.P.K. part of pledge to B.C. (Mac-
kenzie in Parlt., 1874, Jf'iil Rep.) 5.
Burrard Inlet determined as terminus (Mac-
kenzie in Parlt , 1879) 80 ; (1880) 92.
B. C. would be entitled to leave Union (Mac-
kenzie in Parlt., 1877) G7.
bound to take cognizance of Act of 1874
(Cartwright in Parlt , 1879) 81.
right and not unreasonable in refusing
bribe (Langevin in Parlt , 1880) 89.
and Carnarvon Terms reviewed (Bergin in
Parlt., 1881) 116.
bad reason to distrust the Govt. (Masson
in Parlt, 1876)44.
— - right in refusing $750,000 in " compensa-
tion " (Skead in Senate, 1876) 34.
patient and reasonable (Langevin in
Parlt., 1880) 90.
entitled to every considemtion (Penny in
Senate, 1876) 66.
had just right to complain of Qovt.
(Campbell in Senate, 1876) 54.
would be content if road was not built in
10 years (Campbell in ^Senate, 1874, Globe
Rep.) 9
given more than they asked, 8.
the Dominion's creditor (GIrouard
(Jaequea Oartier) in Parlt , 188n 119.
a great country, full of wealth (liangeTin
in Pant., 1877) 74.
B. C. by Carnarvon Terms consented to an ex-
tension of time (GirouardfJacques Cartier]
in Parlt , 1881) 119. '
appeal to England in 1875 (Rlake in
Parlt., 1880) PC
could puter Confederation by B.N. A. Act
of 1867 (Gironard [Jacques Cartier] in
Parlt., 1881) 118.
and C.P.R. (extract from Globe, Dec. 28,
1875) 131.
.tnd Vancouver Railway (extract from
Globe, Jan. 8, 1876) 132.
Carnarvon Terms (Tupper in Parliament,
1876) 40, (1880) 83 ; (Blake in Parlt,
1876) 41 ; (Mackenzie in Parlt., 1877) 67—
72; (Tilley in Parlt., 1881) 111, 112;
(Anglin in Parlt, 1880) 94—96; (Cart-
wright in Parlt., 1881) 115.
and Fdgai'slnsf ructions (Macpherson
in Senate, 1876) 56.
bound Govt, to finish road (Anglin in
Parlt., 1881) 118.
repudiated and $750,000 offered in
exchange (Langevin in Parlt , 1880) 89.
Canada dare not utter that word " repudia-
tion " (Dymond in Parlt., 1877) 74.
Canada's fate will then be sealed na soon as
road is completed (Sir John A. Macdonald
in Parlt, 1881) 107.
Cause of the failure of Sir Hueh Allan's Mis-
sion to England (Cornwall in Senate,
1881) 124.
Compt^nsation for disappointment by delay
in constructing line across Continent,
(Tupper in Parlt , 1876) 45 ; (Macpherson
in Senate, 1876) 66 ; (Mackenzie in Parlt.,
1880) 91, 92. /-y.', ///^ je^:fz ^/^ jv /j/
Comparison of Revenues from -aifferenx Pro-
vinces (Blake in Parlt. 1880) 88.
Confidential Agent sent to B. C.,9.
0. P. R., a necessity for the country (Lange-
vin in Parlt, 1881) 104.
a national undertaking (Miller in
Senate, 1875) 37.
— — - uould not end at Yale but must go to
Burrard Inlet (Langevin in Parlt., 1877)
74.
First stake driven (from B.C. Colonitt,
1873) 2
Policy reviewed from 1874 (Tupper in
Parlt., 1881) 99-103.
Customa-and Excise Ordinances of B.C. (ex-
tracts from Acts of 1867) 153.
Customs and Excise Receipts from 1873-74,
113.
Dkfkat of the Esquimau and Nanaimo Raii-
wa}' Bill criticised (Cornwall in Senate)
1876) 47; (Macpherson in Senate, 1876)
67 ; Langevin in Parlt, 1877) 76 ; Macken-
zie in Parlt, 1880)91
Denial that expenditure of $100,000,000 wou'd
SJ} p^, .;>.? -^
^'J', ./•^; /^^
be incurred (Morris in Parlt.
Rep.) 120.
1874, Glokn
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
Denial that Sir John A. Maadonald and Mr.
Tupper requested friends in Senate to Tote
against B. and ff. Railway Bill (Campbell
in Senate, 1876) 69.
Did B.C. astfent to resolution of Parliament
(1871) restriotinfjr its obligations to build
G. P. R. (Oirouard [Jacques Gartier] in
Parlt., 1881) 118.
Did Govt, maintain eood faitb in regard to
Vanconyer Island Railway (Tupper in
Parlt. 1877) 64.
Did not Senate interfere with Govt, policy in
rejectinfr G. and N. Railway Bill (Scott in
Senate, 1881) 124.
Did not smrk responsibility of .arryinR out
obligations (Mackenzie in Parlt, 1881) 105.
Duty of Parlt. to stand taithfully to the en-
gagement (Gauchon in Karlt , 1876) 46.
Dominion Parliament competent to make
changes in Terms of Union (Mackenzie in
Parlt., 1881) 106.
EsQCiMALT AND Nahaiho RAILWAY BiLL.— De-
bate in thu House of Commons and Senate,
1875:
introduced (Mackenzie) 16.
not considered as part of G.P R. but may
become a part (Mackenzie) 16.
special authority rcauired (Mackenzie) 16.
special section for land grant (Mackenzie)
16.
bill read first time and second reading moved
(Mackenzie) 17.
laying of contracts before Parlt. (Tupper)
17 ; (Irving) 17 ; (Mackenzie) 17 ;
(Currier) 17 ; (Plumb) 17 ; (White,
Renfrew) 19 ; (Masson) 23.
agreement with B.C. to construct road im-
mediately (Mackenzie) 17.
Esquimau the Pacific Terminus of C.P.R.
(Tupper) 18.
engagement made with B.C., through the
medium of Colonial Secretary, to build
the railway for relaxing original Terms
(Blake) 22.
relaxation of Terms of Dnicm advised
(Blake) 26.
road obtained as " consideration " for re-
laxing Termsof Union (Blako) 25 ; (De-
Cosmos) 25 ; (Masson) 26.
building of'^O.P.R., one of the Termsof
Union (Masson) 25.
bill includes same principle as C.P.R. Act,
1874 (DeCoamos) 24.
no time fixed for completion (DeCosmos) 26.
if line was built as compensation Govt.
had no right to ask for land (OeCcsmos)
27.
no evidence to support " compensation "
theorv (DeCosmos) 27.
terms of Union and Carnarron Terms
(Bunst«r) 28.
terms of Union should be carried out in its
entirety (Palmer) 29.
amendment, three months' hoist (Wallace)
lost, 30.
effort of good faith for redemption of pledges
(Tupper) 30.
valuable mineral lands (Mackenzie) 31.
govt, bound to construct line immediately
(Tupper^ 31.
house asked to keep faith with B 0. and
Imperial Govt, (vlackenzie) 31.
disposed to assist Govt, in keeping engage-
ment (Tapper) 34.
amendment, to refer back to Committee of
Whole (Tuppei) lost, 35.
EsgciuALT AND Nanaiho Railwat— Coft.
bill read the third time and passed, 36.
failure to carry out Terms of Union (Scott in
Senate) 36.
building of Vancouver Island Railway sug-
gested (Scott in Senate) 36.
treatv only ground on which Bill could be
defended (Dickey in Senate) 36.
termsof Union not kept with B.C. (Letel-
lier de St. Just in Senate^ 37.
bound to carry out British good faith
(Letellier de St. Just in Senate) 37.
railway as satisfaction for breach of original
Terras (Miller in Senate) .37.
amendment, six months' hoist (Aikens
in Senate) carried, 37.
E. and N. Railway location survey, the first
Bod (B.C. Colonist, 1873) 2.
— — new arrangements with B.C.
(Mackenzie in Parlt , 1875) 9.
(Blake in Parlt., 1875), 11; (1876),
42 ; Tupper in Parlt. (1876) 40.
obtained as " consideration "
■for
relaxing Terms of Union (Klake in Parlt.,
1875), 23; (DeCosmos) 23, 26.
given as sitisfaction for breach of
original Terms (Miller in Senate, 1875)
39.
portion of C.P.R. (Masson in Parlt.,
1876) 44.
^ offered as " compensation " for delav
in building line to " Pacific seaboard ^'
(Scott in Senate, 1876) 49, 51.
declared by late Govt, to be part of
main line, by Ordfer in Council (Penny in
Senate, 1876) 54.
-— — — bill was not for advancing construc-
tion of C. P. R., but for abandoning it
(Macpherson in Senate, 1876) 58.
bill abandoned (Tupper in
Parlt.,
1877) 62.
never recognised as part of C.P.R.
(Mackenzie in Parlt , 1877) 70.
terminus at Esquimalt (Mackentie
in Parlt., 1877) 71.
Eastern Railways not profitable (-)cott in
Senate, 1881) 123.
Edgar instructed, 6.
Mission and New Terms (Tapper in
Parlt., 1876) 40; (Blake in Parlt., 1876)
43.
Instrnotions iVamed with a view of in-
timidating B.C. (Campbell in Senate,
1876) 53.
Endorsement of Bonds,
(Sir
i;4,500,000 stg.
John A. Mitcdonald at Kingston, 'Toronto
Mail, Jan. 12, l(t74) 3.
Engagement with B.C. and Imperial Govt, to
spend $2,000,000 a year, build B. and N.
Railway, and 2,000 miles from the Pacific
to Lake Superior by 1890, criticised (Tup-
per in Parlt., 1877) 62.
Esquimalt as the Pacific Harbor of B.C. (Sir
John A. Macdonald in Parlt., 1879) 79.
— — — Western Terminus by Order in Coun-
cil and also by Minute of Council (Langevin
in Parlt . 1876} 4S.
Essential to keep raith with B.,G. (Mackenzie
in Parlt , 1874, Olobe Rep ) 5.
Expenditure of $2,000,000 per annum not add-
ing to the burden of the original termi
(Aoglin m Parlt., 1881), 118.
for Surveys, 38, 62.
on C.P.R to Dec. 31, 1876, 53.
for Steel Rails, 63.
Explanation as to defeat of S. and N. Railway
Bill (3cott in ISenate, 1876) 49, 60.
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
Explanation of Vote on third reading of E. and
N. Railway Bill (Tupper in Parlt , 1877)
63.
- - of map showing Port Moody not the
proper place for Western Termiaua, 137.
Extract from Edgar's Instructions, 53.
— — from First Minute of Council, 12, 13.
— ——from Globt on Blake joining the Ad-
ministration, U7. /• . / , / /(/,) ^
Fallino off of immigration caused through
abandoning construction of C. P. R. for
time being (Uacpherson in Senate, 1876) 66
Failure of Oarnarron Terms through action of
Parit. (Blatce in Parlt., 18^0) 97
Fate of B. and M. Railway Bill (Oornwall in
Senate, 1881), 125, 126, 127; (Scott) 126;
(Aikins) 126; (Dickey) 128.
Ferry (Langevin in Parlt., 1872), 1 ; (1876)
46; (Sir John A. Macdonald in Parlt.,
1879) 79.
Fnlfiilment of Carnarvon Terms insisted on by
B. C. (Blake in Parlt., 18^0) 87.
Oalt, Sir A. T., on CP.R, rejoiced at re-
jection by Senate of E. and N. Railway
Bill (extract from letter to Hon. Jas.
Ferrier, 1875) 129.
GoTernment willing to proceed with construc-
tion of Island iiailway (Mackenzie in
Parlt., 1874, MmI Rep ) 6.
— — — anxious to carry out Terms of Union
(Srott in Senate, 1874, Globe Rep.) 9.
—-—^ offers through .Mr. Edgar to construct
E. and N. Railway (Mackenzie in Pailt.,
1876) 10 ; offer not considered, 10 ; Edgar
ordered to return, 10.
— — - pledged country to construct a road
from Esquimau to Nanaimo (Tupper in
Parlt., 1875) 16
— — had no right to threaten that Island
road should not be built (Campbell in
Senate, 1876) 53.
considered it their doty to introduce
the E. and N. Railway Bill (Letellier de
St. Just in Senate, 1876) 59.
— — — pledged to li- ('. to construct an
Inter-oceanic railway (Tupper in Parlt.,
1879) 77.
— — — no authority to act in defiance of Act
of 1874 (Mills in Parlt., 1879) 81.
of 1873 determined on Esquimalt as
Ferminus (Blake in Parlt , 1880) 86
— — of 1874 to 1878, went on constructing
E. and N. Railway (Langevin in Parlt,,
1880) 89
— pledged to B. G. and must keep faith
with ber (Langerin in Parlt., 1880) 89,
bound the country to commence road
in two years (Anglin in Parlt, 1831) 118
bound to carry out an agreement
(Uartwriffht in Parlt., 1881) 114.
unable to carry out Terms of Union,
1871 (Mackeniie in Parlt, 1874, Mail
Rep.) 8
— — had not the right to deprive B. G. of
any of the Terms (Tillcy in Parlt., 1881)
109.
having purchased the North- West we
must build the road (Morris in Parlt.,
1871, Olobt Rep.) 129.
Giving up Lands on Vancouver Isla ud (Mac-
kenzie in Parlt., 1879) 81.
Qlohe^ extract from L:adtr (Deo. 21, 1876) on
«• New Terms for BO ," 130; on " 8.C.
and CP.R." (Dec. ^6, 1876) 131 ; on " B.C.
imd VancoaTer Railway," 133.
Guardians of the honor of the country (De
Boucherville in Sen'tte, 1881) 128.
Honor and resourcei of country pledged by
late Government (Msicknazie's " Manifesto
to Electors of Lambton," Montreal llerali,
Jan. 12, 1874)4; (Tapper in Parlt., 1881)
101.
Island Railway a commercial success fMacken>
zie in Parlt., 1874, Mail R'p.> 7.
— -^ given as comnensation for extension
of time (Blake in Parlt , 1875) 12.
__ — —must be built (Langevin in Parlt,
1876) 45.
-^— — part of Carnarvon Terms (Blake in
Parlt., 1880) 87
If B. C. insisted on secession, " let ber go "
(Blake in Parlt , 1880) 86: 0881), 108.
Immoral Speec^h in Parlt. (Mav nzie in Parlt.,
1874, Olobt Rep ) 129.
Imperial Govt, parties to original terms
(T'lpper in Parlt , 1877) 64.
Imperial Guarantee (extract from Act of 1874)
151.
Importance of constructing C.P. R , good faith
of country pledged to &(j., and large ex-
penditure involved (Tupper in P>irlt.,
1879) 77.
Increased Taxation provision in Act objected
to by DeCosmos (Blake in Parlt , 1880) 86.
Intended to carry out Carnarvon Terms (.Muc-
keuzie in Parlt., 1880) 91.
Intention not to re-introduce E. and N. Rail-
^ way Bill (Micnh^on in Senate 1876) 58.
tM^' ■ •'/-««^ C.Jio^'- /-V /v^J /i^u oV,
Late Govt. contemiJ
jima
fixed at Esquimau (Tupper in Parlt.,
1877) 62. -/Vi
Terms of Union ^ith B. violated (Mackenzie
in Parlt , Mnil Rep , 1874) 6.
could not be set aside (Mac-
kenzie in Parlt , 1874, Mail Rep.) 6.
and Carnarvon Terms (Blake
in Parlt., 1876) 12, 13, 14 ; (Mackenzie in
Parlt, 1879) 80; (Mills) 81.
not repudiated by late Govt
(Lanzevin in Parlt., 1880) 89.
Taxation llesolution referred to, 69, 81, 87, 94,
105, 113. 118
Tilley's review of C. P. R. and Terms of
IJnion from 1871, 109.
Total exponditure in money to build 0. P. R.
from beginning to end, $53,000,000 (Camp-
bell in Senate, 1881) 123.
Treaty necessary for national existence
(Langevin in Parlt. , 1876) 44.
Troth of the country plighted at time B. 0.
entered the Dominion (Speaker Macpher-
son in Senate, 1881) 128.
Tupper's C. P. R. Resolutions (1879) 78.
Union to be complete, a railway was indispens
able (Tui>per in Parlt., 1879) 76.
Understanding.thtough which he entered Ad-
ministration (Blake in Parlt., 1880) 87.
Vanoouvkr Island Railway (Mackenzie in
Parlt., 1874, Mail Rep.) 6.
-^— connection, 7.
— — — of value on account of minerals
(Mackenzie in Purlt., 1880) 91.
— — telegraph lines and waggon
roads and expenditure of $2,000,000
referred to (Tapper in PmU., 1881) 100.
m
INDEX OP SUBJECTS.
Vakcoovkii Island Railway— Motion for cor-
respondence (Blake in Parlt., 2881) 103.
Victoria and ^fanaimo Line (Laugevin in
Parlt., 1872) 1.
Railway and Perry (Sir John A.
Macdonald in Parlt., 1879) 79.
Violation of Terns of Union between England
and Scotland referred to (Mackenzie in
Parlt., 1881) 106
Vote of $600,000 for ezpenditare between Bgqui-
malt and Nauaimo, 11.
$2,810,000 for P. R. (Mackenzie in
Parlt., 1876) 38.
$3,000,000 for 0. P. R., in B. 0., for con-
tracts already let (Pope in Parlt., 1881) 12?.
— — in Senate on E. and .V Railwiiy Bill, influ-
ence used to defeat Kill, 69.
Watir Stretches (Mackenzie's policy, Globe,
Nov. 26, 1873) 3 ; (Montreal Herali, Jan.
12, 1874) 4 ; Toronto Globe) 6 ; (Mac-
kenzie in Parlt., 1876) 11; (Tapper in
Parlt. 1877) 60.
Western Terminua (Langevin in Parlt., 1873)
on $3,000,000 additional
1, 46.
Whita (Cardwell)
taxation, 118.
Work of construction in B. 0. (Mackenzie in
Parlt 1876), 39.
$18,000,000 expended in developing Nortb-Weit
(Tupper in Parlt , 1879) 77.
$3,000,000 taxation for construction of C.P.R.
(Tupper in Parlt., 1879) 80.
$ !,00'),000 taxation imposed in 1874 explained
(
/
■ry^'
tt/^/'ttlL'
but he I
should!
aud mf
aloui
Esquii
raiiw'ui
carriuc
made.
/
1872)
tional
isie in
i-Weit
C.P.R.
)lftiDed
ight ia
i future
r pott-
tion of
, 1876)
delays,
880) 87.
7.
EXTRA.OT
■*
,.i'^
moM
Tfl3 CANADIAN PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES
OF THK
FIFTH SESSION, 1872,
Taken from the llecord belongiin) to the Library of Parliament — Toronto Mail's Report
of May 28^A, 1872— Pa^re 162.
'• Hon. Mr. LAXGEVIN said the wosttn-n torminun had not boon deoidod upon,
cau-c they had not do.tei mined on the ox'ii't route, and proceeded to ex lain, in reply
to till! remarks of the niemboi' for Victoi ia, when
'■ Mr. DeCOSMOS s:iid the (nieHilon ho wi-^htvl fo put win whether, in case the
engincrH and the Government decided that th* railway shall reach the Pacific at
some )oint on .Johnson's Straits, the (loveinmont would undertake to construct a lino
of n iiway from that point to Esquimau "^
" Mr. LA.NGEVIN' replied thai i:,u Nortiiern Pacitic Railway ended at
Paget Sound, and the competition which that line will make with the Canadian
Pacitic Railway lenders it desirabh o suloct a4;ormiuus that will put ns in the best
possible position for competition v > ii the American railways. If it should be decided
that we can cross Seymour's Narrows or Johnson's Straits with a railway train, there
can bo no doubt that the interests of Bt iti^Ii Columbia and the Dominion as a whole
will bo better served by adopting thai route. It will give us a good harbour on the
Pacitic, and place us in the best po«=sible position with the .American railways. If a
railway bridge cannot be built over Seymour's Narrows or Johnson's Straits, the
question will be to see whether a ferry cannot bo maintained to carry across. Mr.
Waddington's name had been meniioned in the public documents that gentleman
published before his death. i\(\ argued very strongly in favour of a steam ferry
across Johns(m's Straits. He thought that (mo bridge might be built, but for the
lar;:er reach a ferry might be necessary. The next point was whether, if practicable,
the railway should be taken to Burrard's Inlet. He had no doubt that the Govern-
meni would consider it neces.-ary to bring the railway to that point. The object
was to bring thg railway to the nearest point on the J^acitic, and tho nearest point to
compote with the American railways, but it has not yet been decided whether a
pro]u:.' crossing can be obtained at Seymour's Narrows. Examination and surveys
are now going on.
'Mr. DeCOSMOS said the explanation was quite satisfactory in one respect,
but ho wanted to know whether the Government was prepared, in case the I'ailway
should start at Burrard's Inlet, to construct a branch line from Victoria to Nanaimo,
and m case they take the Straits whether they will cause a line to be constructed
along the ear^t coast ?
'■ Mr. L ANGEVIN replied that the intention of the Government was to go to
Esquimau, but, of course, if it was impracticable they could not go, and should the
railway be carried to Burrard's Inlet, a for.-y will be established and a line will be
carried to Esquimau as part of the railway.
" Mr. DeCOSMOS expressed himself perfectly satisfied with the explanation
made."
Certified lo be a correct extract,
A. TODD,
PPfOVmr^'" 'T^f^/ll^Y XribrarimQfFarUanmt,
E. & N.
Section
C. P. R.
with Kerry, i
See pai;es i 1
4J. 79. »73-i
iernunut.'!
i I
2 Canadian Pacific Railway.
Extracts from the " Daily Sritish Colonist," Victoria, B.C., BYiday, July \Sth, 1873.
"CANADIAN PACIFIC EAlLWAT.— THE FIRST STAKE DRIVEN.
" M \ Marcus Smith, accompanied by Mr. Tiedeman, O.E., and members of the
Local Government, proceeded to Bsquimalt yesterday and drove the first stake for
the location survey of the railroad from J^squimalt to Nanaimo. The stake was
driven at the S.E. corner of the dockyard fence, and a flag hoisted thereon. The
health of the Canadian Pacific Railway was drunk in a flowing bumper of champagne.
The stake was driven to obtain a ' sight.' The location of the terminus will be at
Constance Cove, it is thought, and it was reported last evening that Hon. Dr.
Helmcken, the Pacific Director, will turn the first sod to-morrow."
Saturday, July 19th, 1873.
LOCATINQ THE RAILWAY. — THE FIRST SOD.
" Yesterday the eugineers were engatjed in continuing the location survey. Com-
mencing at the 'Toe' of Canada, immediately outside of the arsenal, they swept
round Constance Cove, the pro|)08ed site of the dry dock. Of course all this is a
mere dry— one might almost say empty — formality to meot technical obligations of
Treaty. With respect to the ceremony promit-ed for to-day — " turning the first sod,"
we regret our inability to make any definite statement. If the ceremony be per-
formed quietly this afternoon, we will only give expression to general public opinion
when we say wo are sorry the cei-emouy could not have taken place under circum-
stances somewhat more befitting the occasion. We confess that we are at a loss to
account for the apparent mystery and doubt overhanging what ought to have been
the subject of timely atinounceraent and mature arrangement. Surely, surely the
public, after so many weary years of waiting and struggling, ought to have been
afforded a suitable opportunity of participating in the important and interesting
ceremony of * turning the first sod ' of the Canadian lacitic Railway. Yet here we
are on the morning of what is supposed to be the long and most anxiously-looked-for
day, and nobody knows ' what's what, or who's who.' Why is this thus ? If we
might venture to guess we should say that the ceremony will be performed at Con-
stance Cove at 2 o'clock to-day. Bnir-quiensabe."
Sunday, July 2 Of A, 1873.
'■THE TERMINUS LOCATED.
*• The terminus of the Cacadian Pacific Railway was located yesterday. It is
at the north-west corner of the fence which surrounds the Admiral's residence at
Thetis Cova, and is raarkens of the
road, which will be necessary to com-
plete our great national highway across
the continent; and I think, Sir, it will
be the duty, as it will bo the desire, of
the Government to develope any plan
by which these results are to be accom-
plished. I merely make this statement
in general terms, regarding the j)olicy
of the Administration ; but I may also
add that I hope we shall be able to
devise means bj' which this can be
accomplished at a very much lew
cost than was contemplated by
the late company of Sir Hugh
Allan. (Cheers.) * * *
Extract from Sir John A. MacdonaWs Speech, delivered at Kingston,
Ont., January 10, 1874, /row the Toronto '* Mail" of January 12,
1874.
then referred to Mr.
Pacific Railway policy,
jlTot a
rday. It is
residence at
is written
day cut a
dred yards,
erve, which
and Thetis
is supposed
another part
ess by some
ceived from
on or before
n.
Sir John
Mackenzie's
which he maintained was a breaci
solemn contract entered into with
British Columbia and the Imperial
G-overnraent. In this Mr. Mackenzie
commits, for the first time in Canada, a
breach of the public faith. The
original contiact says that the railway
was to be couimeuced within two years
and completed in ten, and that it was
to be built through Canadian territory.
For this breach of fuithj British
Columbia has a right to seced^for this
was one of the conditions of C mfoder-
ation. The Queea"f"and the Imperial
Parliament would not allow that breach
of faith, and, as honor reigned supreme
in the Imperial Parliament, they would
repudiate the idea of having a hand in
causing the breach. The road, as pro-
posed by Mr. Mackenzie, would only be
a summer road, as Lake Superior
would be closed in winter, but he says
it would be a great saving. There are
1,300 miles which he would not require
to build, and so ho wonkl save sixty
millions. My Government got a pledge
from England that they would endorse
bonds for four and a half milliom.'^^^'^^Guamn.
steiiing to build the road. Wo would
build no railway for the United States
as Mr. Mackensie wanted, and we would
have no hermaphrodite sy^^tom of trans-
port carrying away the groat produce
of the West from Canada. ((Cheers.)
They would have to give up that polioyl
or give up British Columbia and thel
endorsement of England. * * *
^Broach of eontnux
• B. Columbic Right to
•• Flrtt time commits breach of public faith. - - , .
t Quaen and Imparial Government would not allow that breach of faith.
Oantdinn Pncifir Railway.
'ExT'RA.OT from "Mr. Mackenzie's Manifesto to the Electors of Lambton,"
from the Montreal " Herald " of January 12, 1874
We must meet the difficulty imposed
on Canada by the reckless arrange-
ments of the Into Government, with
reference to the Pacirtc Railway, under
Date of com- vhich they i)ledged the honor and
mcncement of e^ourCeS «)f the COUUtrV to the corn-
er. R. and date ^ L' J.I . • !.• 1 •
of completion, ooDcemont Of that gigantic work in
already broken.ujy^ ISTii, and to its omplotion by
July, 1S81. That compact has already
been broken. Over a million has now
been spent in surveys, but no part of
the lino has yet boon located, and the
bargain is, as we always said it was,
incapable of literal fultilment. We
must, therefore, endeavoui' to arrange
with British Columbia for such a
relaxation of its terms as miiy give
time for the cumpletion of the surveys
and the acquisition of the iniurmation
necesjiary to an inloUigent apprehen-
sion of tlie work, and for its subsequent
prosecution with such speed, and under
Buch arratigoments, as the resources of
the country will permit without too
largely increasing the burthen of
taxation on the people. In the moan-
time, with a view to obtain a speedy
meant: of communication across the
continent, and to facilitate the con-
struction of the railway itself, it will
be our policy to utilize the enormous
stretches of magnificent water com-
munication which lie botweon a point
not far from the Rocky Mountains and
FortGrarry, and between Lake Superior
and French River on the Georgian Bay,
thus avoiding tor the present construc-
tion of about 1,300 miles of railway
estimated to cost fi-om sixty to eighty
millions of dollars, and rendering the
resources of the country available for
the prosecution of those links of the
Pacilic Railway which are necessary
in order to form a complete lino of rail
and steamboat coinmuiucation from
east to west.
Extracts from Mr. Mackenzie's Speeches, delivered May 12th and 19th,
1S14, on the Canadian Pacific Railway, from Scrap-Book of ^^Parlia-
mentary Debates, Canadian Dominion, 1st Session, Srd Parliament,
1874, Library of Parliament ( Toronto ' Globe ' Report), pp. 105, 106,
107, 128."
PurobiigaS. Mr. Mackenzie (Page 105). * * *
j.he duty it* imposed upon the Govern-
ment of providing some scheme for
carrying out the obligations imposed
by the solemn action of Parliament in
this place. The original scheme, Sir,
was one that I opposed at the time of
its passage here, as one that in my
mind then seemed impracticable within
the time that was proposed, and im-
practicable, I may say also, with the
means proposed to bo used to accom-
plieh it. I have not changed that
TreatvofUniotiPii^ion i but being placed here in the
tJLw ■ *"*rovernment, I am bound to endeavor,
.0 the utmost of my power, to devise
BOoh means as may seem within our
reach to hccomplish, in spirit if not in
the letter, the obligations imposed upon
ru by the treaty of Union, for it was a
treaty with British Oolambia. * * *
* L^ obliguion wad.
treaty.
(Page 106). We had to undertake to
vindicate the good faith of the country,
and do something which would enable
this Parliament to carry out, in spirit
if not in letter, the serious undertaking
of building this railway as far as the
shore of British Columbia* .The legal
terms are exact. We are boihid within
a specific time, to consiiuct a road to
connect with the railway system of'
Ontario on the east to the Pacific coast ,
on the west. (Mr. Bunster, hear, hear.)
There is a moral obligation beyond tu j
legal obligation. * * * (Pago
107). These, Sii*. are the chief
difficulties that present themselves to
our minds, and those are the facts
relating to the question of the obliga-
tions which the Parliament is bound to
carry oat in order to maintain the
jgood faith ot the country. It ther»-
t Parllwnent bound to maintain good faith.
Canadian Pacific Railway.
I B
•a I
fore rests with the Government to take
such measures as they think necessary
in order to carry out as nearly as may
be in spirit, if not in letter, the resolu-
tions adopted by the late Parliament.
Under these circumstances the present
Government assumed office. Vvith all
these facts »taring us in the face, we
could not but bo aware, and wo wore
quite aware, that the difficulties to bo
surmounted wore of an oxtraordinaiy
character?*" We were quite aware that
British Columbia claimed that tho
terms of Union were already violated.
The right hon. gentleman ojiponile
gave it as his opinion — and I have a
very great regard for his opinion upon
legal questions generally — thut the
work of conwti'iiction was commenced
when the .surveys were commenced.
AVhethor he was correct or not, I do
not think it necessary to say at the
E resent moment."^ It will be remem-
ered that a Kurveyor was sent by the
Government of the right hon. gentle-
man to Er«quimalt at a critical moment
to drive in t^ome stakes, in order to
make it appear as if this were a com-
mencement of tho work * * * \Yg
propose, then, in these resolutions to
ask the Iloubo to agi'ee to this general
E reposition. In the first place we
ave to a-k for complete power to pro
ceed with tho construction of the i-oad
under tlie tornirf of the Union with
British Columbia, because we cannot
throw off that pbligalion except with
the consen^f the contracting parties,
and we ai^ therefore bound to make
all the provision that the House can
enable us to make to endeavour to
carry out in the spirit, and, as far as
we can, in the letter, the obligations
imposed on us by law. We ask, there-
fore, for power to accomplish this, if
it can be accomplished, and at the
same time wo propose to divide the
road into several sections, one from
Nipissing westwaid to Nipigon, a dis-
tance cf 557 miles. This is a section
which we do not consider at all neces-
sary or desirable to proceed with at
the present time. It is not one that in
any way involves in spirit the obliga-
tions entered into with J-Sritish Colum-
bia if it should be allowed to stand for
the time. * * * The British Columbia
section will, of course, have to be pro-
CMded with as fast as we can do it, as
it is essential to keep faith with the j.,sentiM to
spirit, and as far as po.ssible with the Wmd good
letter, of the agreement. (Hear, hear.) '*"
* * * xMay 19th, page 128. Why-
did the hon. gentleman and his collea-
gues engage in this scheme when
British Columbia did not ask it ?
(Hear, hear.) British Columbia pro-
po.sed reasonable terms, which would
have been agreed to unanimously, but
the Government said: "You do not
ask half enough. Spend a million a
yenr after the surveys Jare completed
to make a road. We will do far more;
we will make a road from water to
water, from end to end of this country,
and to Esquimau, 251) miles further
than wo are bound to go ; we will do
it all within ten years, and will bind
ourselves by a solemn declaration of
Parliament that this shall be accom-
plished.'' Weie ever heard such a set
of lunatics commanding a majority in
any Parliament? (Cheers.) It was
a piece of mud n ess, it was a piece of
deliberate treason to the country. * *
[From Scrap Book (Toronto Mail Re-
port), pp. 92, 93, 94].
Mr. MACKENztE (page 92) said he
would endeavour to conrine himself, as
much as possible, to a simple business
statement insubniittinsj thii resolutions
of which he had the honor to give notice
to thoHouso, Tho duty was imposed
upon the Government of providing some
scheme for carrying out the obligation
imposed upon the country. The origi-
nal scheme was one which he opposed
at the time of its passage. It iseemed
to him to be utterly impracticable, he
had not changed that opinion ; but, :
being placed in the Government, he'
was Dound to begin, to the utmost of his ■
power, to devise such means as might ,
acoomnlish in spirit, if not in letter, <
the obligation imposed upon them by
ihe treaty of Union with British
Columbia. * * * * The
incoming Administration we;e under a
peculiar difficulty in the matter. They
had to vindicate the good faith of the
country. They had to undertake to do
Homething that would enable Parlia-
ment to carry out and baild this railway
as a part of the pledge to British
Columbia. They were bound within a pi^dge to b.c
specified time to oonstraot a road oon-
Government
bound to find
means to build |
the Railway,
and vindicate
the good faiih |
of Canada.
\ good faith.
B. C claimed Terms of Union hod been violated. t Locating line at Et^aimalt, 1B73.
X Content of B. C nccesianr to thnm off Railway obligation.
\
Canadian Pacific Railway.
1 1
necting with tho railway system of
Ontario to tho seaboard of tho Pacific.
Thoro was a moral obligation beyond
tho legal obligation, * =(< t- Before
proceeding further he desired to advert
to tho additional obligations assumed
by tho right hon. gentleman opposite.
He was aware they were bound by the
term of the Union to reach tho seaboard
of the Pacific. That was whenever
they could touch the water of tho
; Pacific, there tho obligations ended.
'oo^'lTsJ^'The late Government undertook— why,
inxed the he did not know — they undertook that
JK^uiinait"'"*^© terminus should be placed on the
southern extremity of tho Island of
j Vancouver. This added about 240
miles to the obligation already existing,
and that was not all. They happened
to know, and he thought it was known
at the time tho Order in Council was
; passed, but he did not take it as entirely
i[ binding on the country, but one which
j: they had to regard from the point of
i view ho would present to tho House
presently. =t< * * (Pago 9ii) Under these
circumstances tho present Government
assumed office with all this staring
thorn in the face. They wore quite
aware that the difficulties to be sur-
mounted wore extreme, and they wero
quit© aware that the terras of the
agreement with Pritish Columbia bad
been violated. Under these circum-
stances ho thought that, in the mean-
time, the first stage to bo taken was
to confer with the Local Government
of the Province of Columbia, and
endeavour to ascertain from thom if
any means could bo arranged by which
an extension of time could bo procured
for tho prosecution of the works wo
were bound to undertake. With that
view a gentleman was sent as I'epro-
sentativo of this Government to visit
that Province, and in tho course of his
communications with the Local Gov-
ernment it became very apparent, as
had been made apparent in the House
by several members of the House fi*om
the Island of Vancouver, that it was
an exceedingly important matter with
thom to have the road commenced at
once at Esquimalt, ti-avcrsing tho
Island. He for one was quite willing,
if the Local Government were disposed
to make some terms for the extension
of time, that the Government should
undertake the construction of the land
Mb. Maokxnzii.
J
I)ortion as rapidly as possible ; but if it
)ocame apparent that tho Local Gov-
ernment were determined to adhore to
the whole terms, then tho Dominion of
Canada could accede to tho terms and
nothing more. They had instructed
Mr. Edgar to say that tho Government
would be prepared to immediately
undertake the commoncomont of the
woi'k upon the Island tnivors-ing north-
wards towards the poitit of crossing,
prosecuting the surveys on the main-
land, getting a passable route along the
ridge, and erecting telegraph lines.
He was also instructed to state that, as
tho works could be placed under con-
tract, they would spend no less than
$1,500,000 within tho Province on tho
r:iilway. He did not know whether this
had been accepted or not, but under
any circumstances they should have
authority to proceed with tho work, as
they thought it would moot with the
just expectations of tho country and
the reasonable expectations of th«
people of British Columbia. Tho policy
he had announced in his election ad-
dress in November last had been closely
criticized by hon. gentlemen opposite.
Ho had his own impression as to the
course to be pureued, and ho thought,
if ho recollected rightly, that tho right
hon. gentleman opposite had said that
if his views were adopted British
Columbia would be justified in seceding
from the Union. He had endeavoured
to make matters as unpleasant as pos-
sible In' making this statement, but he
(Mr. Mackenzie) had a better opinion
of the people of British Columbia than
to think they would adopt the extreme
views of a des "orato party loader. * *
* * * ■ The terms 'of Uni»n
with British Columbia could not be
done away with without the con-
sent of the contracting parties, and
this Government wero bound to cai
out in their spirit and in their letter,
so far as possible, tho obligations im-
posed by law ; and the Government
asked power to accoiiiplish the work.
* * * * This, then, left
somewhere about six or seven hundred
miles to a point in British Columbia, to
which there were other means of access
than by railway. The distances which
he had given were all approximate ; but
allowances having been made for bends,
etc., he believed this statement would
n '
w
Canadian Pacific Railway.
)inion
than
reme
* *
Uni«n
lot be
con-
and
cai
letter,
18 im-
ninent
work.
n, left
indr«d
bia,to
access
which
to ; but
bends,
would
rJ
■i
not be very far from the truth. From
the point lio hud mentioned to the
Pacific Ocean navigation, was about
one hundred miles This latter section
would be prosecuted at once. In
British Columbia alone would bo spent
$35,000,000. Surveys were now being
prosecuted by four different parties.
One was going along the Cas^cade range
to ascertain the best route for penetrat-
ing to the ocean. At present the most
available route appeared to be by
Bute Inlet. If we looked to connection
with Vtincouver Island, the shortest
route to take would be by the Fraser
River to terminate at Bi.rrard Inlet,
which was from fifty to sixty miles
shorter than by Bute Inlet. The en-
gineering difficulties weremoie favour-
able on the Cascade range where there
were good gradients ; but via Bute
Inlet the grades were as much as 115
to the mile of a descent. Still, if no
better route presented itself this sum-
mer, this would most likely be adopted.
It was not proposed to adopt any route
without a proper survey. These should
bethoroujfh surveys, and no time wou!J
be gained by proceeding without them.
He knew the people of British
Columbia were impatient to have the
i"oad, but it was impossible to give it
without first knowing its best route.
It was perfectly easy for him to send
men to Bute Inlet to grade a road iii
order to keep within the terms of the
Act ; but he scorned deception. It
would be a mistake in the interest of
British Columbia to commence the road,
and a year after several millions of
dollais had been spent, to find that
there was a much more favourable route
Such an occurrence as this would be a
source of everlasting regret. * * *
* * H« drew attention to the
difficulties in the Province of British
Columbia west of the Rocky Mountains,
where the plateau lises to a higher
level on the veige of the Pacific than
even the mountains themselves. The
country through which the road would
pass in British Columbia was almost
entirely uninhabited, and contained
unknown cliffs, most dangerous cas-
cades and large riveiu The Govern-
ment felt that it would not be justified
in going on with theroad without com-
pleting the survey, but were not pre-
pared to g9 through the sham of driving
stakes, to Induce the belief that the
road was being gone on with. He
believed the road should go on in such
a way as would ensure final success
The Government did not want merely a sham of Uri-l
trick, but it looked to a commercial rail ving stake*,
way. He had faith that, with a road f-ovcmment 1
properly laid out, the vast mineralfnerei'yn*?i^fc
riches of Britis^h Columbia and the ad^
joining country would be developed.
He hoped to see traffic, even in his own
lifetime, which would make the road
a success. * * * (Page 94.) There
was one point, however, that he desired
to say a word or two about, more in
explanation of what bad taken place in
British Columbia than for any defence
or explanation of the Government
policy. It would have been observed
that there had been a good deal of ex-
citement, not to say commotion, in the
Province of British Columbia. Heez-
plained that since he had been in the
Government, representatives fi'om
British Columbia had assured him that
under a guarantee for ten years of the
interest on £100,000 sterling at five
per cent., their dock scheme would be
an entire failure. They had submitted
to him a new proposal which he under-
stood had been submitted to his pre-
decessors, that the Government should
give them t'.ie terms submitted to
Parliament, which he hoped would be
approved. This might have been a
matter which would influence the
British Columbians in agreeing to a
change, in terms of the Pacific policy,
but that ho had ever had a word to
this end with the member for Victoria,
he would utterly deny. There had
been no word on this subject between
them from first to last, and no talk to
to the modification of terms of Union.
The Government was prepared to do
what was right and just in the public
interest. Another pro)»osition, whibh
had been made to the Government, was
that 8900,000 be allowed for internal
improvements. This it was proposed
to allow, it being the amount on which
the Proirince was entitled to receive
interest. A measure would be sub-
mitted to Parliament to carry out this
object. Neither of these matters bad
anything to do with any modification
of "the terms of Union, in so far as the
Pacific Railway was concerned. But
he expected that British Columbia
Canadian Pacific Radivay.
would an^ree to any ronsonnblo proposi-
tion which the public intoroHt required,
whether it related to the terms of
Union or not. The CJovei-nmcnt wore
unaMo to carry out the term.s of Union
of 1871. ♦ * * * *
It I
m
* Taxation
not part of
terms of
lUnion.
Extracts from the Speeches of Mr. Tupper and Mr. Mackenzie^ deliv-
ered May 19, 1874, on the Canadian Pacific Railway, from Scrap-
Book of " Parliamentary Debates, Canadian Dominion, 1st Session,
Zrd Parliament, 1874, Library of Parliament ( Toronto ' Mail *
Report), pp. 109, 110, 111."
y No such
provision in
terms of
: Union.
■i"
(
Dr. Tupper. * * * (Page 109).
All parties who expect to see this
country the home of a great British
nationality, must look with anxiety to
the construction of this road. It was
felt that the Union with British
Columbia would not be productive of all
the good results exi)euted from it, if it
was unattended by the means of
communication. This subject had
engaged the attention of the late
Government, and subsequently of
Parliament, and he believed the course
which was adopted commended itself
to the general approval of all. * * *
(Page 110). When British Columbia
entered the Dominion this railway was
the niain subject of discussion, and the
decision was guarded by reservations
that it was not to press too heavily
upon the people of the Dominion^ He
quoted from the Votes and Proceedings
of the House on the llth April, i87l,
in which it was resolved that the rail-
way should be built by private enter-
prise, aided by grants of land and
money, this being one of the terms of
Union.f This being the case, no one
would expect that any steps would bo
taken other than to carry out the
arrangement to the best of their ability.
* * * * He would have
supposed that the Premier had been
mis-reported, if he had not seen the
telegram from the Premier a month
later to the Hon. Mr. Walkom, Attorney
General of British Columbia, in which
he said our Pacific Railway policy is
foreshadowed in my Lambton speech.
There was every appearance that the
late Government's scheme would have
been successful. * * * The Finance
Minister had brought down already aD
amount of a million and a-half for
expenditure this year on British Colum-
bia alone. If this wore not the case,
the Railway Bill was a fraud and a
snare, and was never intended to be
carried out. * * *
Mr. Mackenzie:. (Pago 111.) The
delegates* never met with a particle
of success. Why did the hon. gentle-
man and his colleagues ever engage in
this project ? Why did they engage to
British Columbia that they would build
this railway when British Columbia
never asked for it ? British Columbia
asked for terms in which this Parlia-
ment concurred unanimously, and
which they were all willing to accede
to ; but the hon. gentleman was deter-
mined to give them more than they
wanted. * ^ ^
* Sir Hugh Allaa'a delegatioa to Londoa.
; \\\
Pacific Railway. [March .», ISfC] Pacific Railway.
9
Extracts from the Speeches of Senators Campbell and Srott, delivered
Map 23, ls74, on the Canadian Pacific Railway, from Scrap-
Book of " J'arliamenfarp Debates, Canadian Dominion, 1st Session,
Srd Parliament, 18t4, Library of Parliament ( Toronto ' Globe '
Report), p. 144."
Hon. Mr. Campbell. * * * *
(Pngo 144). It mi^'ht be that Iho Into
Government wore binmeablo in iigree-
\ng to curry out ho groat an enterprise
inten years, but everybody knew tliat
the making of such a bargain with
HritiHh Columbia was like entering
into a Kimilar arrangement with a
person who was going to become a
^ partner the next da}''; and no doubt,
jf fair progrOf^B had been made with
the road in ten years, and it had been
.seen thar an attempt had been made to
carry out the Hchomein good faith, the
people of Britiwh Columbia would be
perfectly content though the ro;id was
not completed in the time stipulated.
* * *
Hon. Mr. Scott. * * * *
* * The Government desired to
0]»n the great North-West to settle-
ment, but at the same time they wished
the people of British Columbia to
understand that they were an.xious to
Ho saw the hon.
but a contidential
sent to British
Government, and
came down the
carry out the terms of Union with
then aH r-oon as possible. (Laughter
by Mr. Carroll.) "
gentleman smiled,
agent had been
Columbia by the
when the papers
liberality of the terms proposed to that
Province by the Government would
perhaps be a matter of surprise. * * *
(From Scrap Book, Toionlo Mail
Eeport.)
Mr. CAMi'iiELL. * * * (Pago
122). He contended that the engage-
ment of the late Government with
British Columbia, to construct the
road in ten years, had heen made in
good faith, and that, if t boy had found
that they really were nniiblo to com-
plete the work in that time, British
Columbia would have made no com-
plaint, provided that fair progress had
been made with the joad. * * *
B. C,
bv" Canada*^' ^'™* "'' Articles of Partnersliip ; Railway Articles of Partnership repeatedly violated ;
Extracts from the " Debates of the House of Commons of the Dominion
of Canada, on Canadian Pacific Railway. Vol. I. — Session, 1876."
JIOUSE OF COMMONS.
Friday, &th March, 1875.
THE PACIFIC RAILWAY.
On Item 72, $6, .'50,000, for PaoiHc
Bail way.
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie t« * *
(Page 603). Last j'ear wo took an
estimate altogether, as will be seen, of
about two and a-half millions of dollars.
At that time we were quite uncertain
what arrangements might be made
with British Columbia. Wo proposed
at that time, it satisfactory arrange-
ments could be made with that Pro-
vince for an extensiont'of time in
accordance with the negotiationsMnckenae
entered upon, to proceed immediatelypf'^i^o^"'' '°
with the construction of the road froraKi"m[maU_
Esquimalt to Nanaimo: and in that"'"'.^'"';"""*'
^ , .•. ..portion of
case a very large expenditure wouldc. p. R.
have been necessary, as wc should have
done a vexy large proportion, includ-
ing the rails of that portion of the
road, within the financial year. Theee
arrangements, however, foil through ;
and although an ultimate arrangement
was reached by which that work will
be prosecuted after this, at that lime
there was nothing to justify us in
refusing to make such pi'e))aration8 as
might be needed in the event of our^^^^^^^
coming to some terms with that Pro-terms 1874.
vince. The result, theiefore, of laat
* ^ofX",^'rUoTto M.^ff .WsTSdSl vrrTi.7^r'°™° P°'2!°" °^C. p. R. L.rg, pmportlon
•■ "fs-tJ (nnancial year;. This shows no sufficient cause for delay then.
10
Paeijle Railway.
[COMMONS )
Pacific Railway.
m '
5,000 tons
rails for
Ksi|iiiiimlt —
Nanainio
K.iilway.
'Mackenzie's
views were
Cnrnarvon
terms.
bl
year's operations was practically this—
wo expt'Diicd up to the first of this
•month $35il,00i) upon works in connoc-
tion with exploratory and inHtrumontal
surveys. * * *
Hon. Mr. Tupper (Page 506).— Will
theFir-t Minister he kind enough to say
what engasiemonts have been made with
firitisb Columbia ?
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie. — I intend to
go back upon that as an entirely
separate branch of the subject. * * *
• Hon. Mr. Mackenzie * * *
(^Page .T 1 0). Wo accordingly advert ised
for steel ruils. * * * They will be
delivered at Montreal. Gue->ia-
terit with a ))roper regard for public
interests ; and further that we would
expend the sum of not less than one
and a-half million of dollars per annum
i^ithin the boundaries of that Province
"until the road should be completed.
These terms, I maj^ say, were declined,
or rather they were not considered ;
but an Issue was raised on the point as
to whether Mr. Edgar was authorized
to otter them or not. I, therefore,
terminated the negotiations by direct-
ing Mr. Kdgar to return, and leaving
it to the Government of British
Columbia to make any other proposals
that they thought propei*, we holding
ourselves prepared to consider any
proposition that might be made. Lord
Carnarvon, as will be seen by the
de-*patches in the papers, considered
that the grounds we took were quite
The hon. fi-easonable ; but he thought, on the
other hand, that it would be more satis-
faotoi>t{lo the Province, and that the
Province might reusonably expect to
have a definite period named for the
ccmpletion of the line, and he put the
ease in his letter of the 17th November
in this wav ('naye 511) :
Carnarvon terms.
" Adhering, then, to the same order in which,
on the 16th August, I stated the principal
points 00 which it appeared to me that a better
understanding should be defined, I now pro-
ceed to announce the conclusions at which I
have arrived. They are :
"i. That the railway from Esquimait to
Nanainio shall be commenced as soon as pos-
sible, and completed with all practicable des-
patch.
" 2. That the surveys on the mainland shall
be i)ushed on with the utmost vigor. On this
point, after considering the representations of
your Ministers, I feel that I have no alternative
but to rely, as I do most fully and readily, upon
their assurances that no legitimate effort or ex-
pense will be spared, first, to determine the best
route for the line, and. secondly, to proceed with
the details of the engineering work. It would
be distasteful to me, if, indeed, it were not im-
possible to prescribe strictly any minimum of
time or expenditure with regard to work of so
uncertain a nature ; but happily, it is equally
imjio.ssiblf^ for me to doubt that your Govern-
ment will loyally do its best in every way to
accelerate the Completion of a duty left freely
to its sense of honor and justice. ^
C "3. That the waggon road and telegraph line
shall be immediately constructed. Tnereseems
here to be some difference of opinion as to the
special value to the Province of the undertaking
to complete these two works ; but after consi-
diu-ing what has been said, I am of opinion that
they should both be proceeded with at once, ai
indeed is suggested by your Ministers {
"4. That $2,000,000 a year, and not$l,500,-|
000, shall be the minimum expenditure on rail- \
■1 ' ^ pr<
• i tio
; I wa
Pacific Raihiay.
fMARCH 6, 1815.]
Pacific Railway. 1 1
s
vay works within the Province from the date
ai whirli the surveys are sufficiently completed
to enable that amount to be expended on con-
struction. In naming; this amount I understand
that, it being alike the interest and the wish of
the Doiftinion Government to urge on with all
speed the completion of the works now to be
undertaken, the annual expenditure will be Pb
much in excess of the minimum of $2,000;000 as
in any year may be found practicable.
" 5i Lastly, that on or before the 3l8t Decem-
ber, 1890, tlie railway shall be completed and
open for traffic fr ti the Pacific seaboard to a
point at the western end of Lake Superior, at
which it will fall into connection with existing
lines of railway thiough a portion of the United
States, and also «vith the navigation on Cana-
dian waters."
So that the terras recommended by
Lord Carnuivon, and which we have
accepted, are simply these, that instead
of one and a-hulf millioiH we propose
to expend two millions a year with the
Province of British Oolumbia, and wo
propose to finish the railway connec-
tion through that Province and down-
ward to the point indicated by the
year 1890, bein^ an extension of time
of nine years.!" With respect to the
questio". :'f»"sed by my hon. friend from
South Bruce, I may say that I have
nothing to ask from Parliament. We
have no authority to obtain, but have
merely to communicate to Parliament
^his decision, and rely upon the House
bupporting irs in accepting the terms
that have been made through the in-
tervention, or intermodi.ation of Lord
Carnarvon, and that support I do not
doubt will be cheerfully accorded. * *
(Page 512. And while we still adhere
to the policy we formerly intimated of,
at least for years, utilizing the water
communications at various points, we
shall always endeavor to proceed with
the work as fast as the circumstances
of the country — circumstances yet to
be developed — will enable us to do, so
as to obtain as tioon as possible
complete railway communication with
the Pacific Pi ovince. How soon that
time may come I cannot predict ;
but I have no reason to doubt
that we shall be able to keep our obli-
gation to British Columbia as now
amended, without soriously interfering
with the march of prosperity. There
is no doubt, however, that it will place
a serious responsibility upon the coun-
try, and we shall therefore proceed
with the caution we have always advo-
cated, whether from this side of the
House or from that. * * * (Page
Surve
51,S.) We have taken «.500,()00 for
expenditure between I'>quiniiilt and
Nanaimo. We hope to be able to
locate that route early in the summer
and place it under contract ; a very
large portion of the year may bo util-
ized for work upon that route, and
there is nothing, I think, to hinder the
construction being carried on during
the v^hole of next winter up to the
time wo meet here again. We have
also taken a sum of 8:^50,000 for pos-
sible work upon the mainland of British
Columbia. It is uncertain whether we
phall be able to use this vote, but it is
likely wo can at least expend the
money upon preliminary works. I
have, therefore, asked for the vote in
order that no time should be wasted
during the ensuing season. * * *
Hon. Mr. Tuppbr. * * ^ (Pag©
514.) — But, Sir, the fact of the engage-
ments which the First Minister has
just stated wdi-e entered into with Bri-
tish Columbiai during the past season
set at rest and\forevor an}' question as
to whether w^ are in a position that
would allow usito doubt and hesitate a
single instant What course to pursue. I
am not going to call in question the
propriety of this engagement for a
moment. I feel that the Ministry of
the day are entitled to tlie support of
this House, and especially the gentle-
men who sit on the Opposition benches,
in any measure which i-> required to
carry out the pledge — perhaps a some-
what imprudent pledge — that was
given by their predecessors in relation
to this great work ; and I fool they
may look with confidence to ihii siue
of the House for the most eiuM-getic
support of the measures thoy have
taken — I believe wisely taken — for the
redemption of that pledge. * * *
Hon. Mr. Blake. * * * (Page
544.)_Then we have theqnesuion of a
road from Rsquimalt to Nanaimo. As
to tha', 1 do not observe that the hon.
gentleman said much upon it. I sup-
pose he could not complain of the con-
struction of that branch
Hon. Mr. Tupper. — I do not com-j
plain of it. *
Hon. Mr. Blak& — Upon that subject
at any rate, even his mouth is shut,
because the iate Government had, by
tor K & "•
$35o,ocK> for
Nliiinland B.C.
on Railway
construction.
See page 139.
Tupper 1»
sati&ned,
Canaila can
tarry out
enKagement
under 'Car
narvon term*.
Tupper pled-
ges support
of opposition.
See page 3s
"bitter
experience""
Tupper holds
Carnarvon
terms to be
" wisely
taken "
measures for
redemption of
Railway
picdsc of
1871 & 1874.
See Sir John
Macdoiiald
JP, 35-
Tupper 59.
Tupper doe*
not complain
ofE. &N.
Railway.
Tupper's
mouth tliut.
t aep&!;jVcJ- co^aiT'^'-wSr •^•""' J«^ '-- T
Sec 4 Sy„d,c.e Con.,.ct. .o'M.y.",8'j;.S;J|;i5'o:t"E!"i mUo«,h« " ^'
ears later.
mperial Govamment. ia
12
Pacific Railway.
[COMMONS.]
Pacific Railway
execulive action, deterraineil, uh far as
Ihoy could dctormiiie for I lie people of
tluB ccuntiy, that the terminus of tho
Pacific i?ail\vay should be at Ksqui-
malt ; and that we should huii I tho
road, not merely from Ksquimalt to
Nanaimo, but further on, and to cross
the 14 arrows to the mainland, at I do
net know what cost. Therefore, the
hon. Premier occupie.><, with reference
to his opponents, an impregnable posi-
tion. While he proposes to this
House to do anything with reference
to the construction of that piece of the
line, I always, for myself, dissented
from that view that the improvident
and reckless promise made on behalf
of this country of building a line on
Vancouver Island
Mr. DeCosmob. — No, no.
Hon. Mb. Blake. — I contend to the
contrary. The hon. gentleman says it
should be built, but othei-s think it
would be in the interest of the country
that the arrangement made to construct
a road to Esquimalt should bo can-
celled, and a now arTungement made.
Tho CTOvornmont hiis rightly, from its
accession to power, taken the view that
that arraiigen\ent was in excess of the
terms of Union, and that the country
is not bound to do more than to con-
stnict a line to the Pacific Ocean.
Anything be3'ond that was beyond the
terms of tho bargain. 1 am here called
upon to advert to what the policy of
the Government has been with reference
to tho relaxation of the terms, and I
wiph to iM»intout, in reference to this,
observ I ions of my own in support of
it, and statements made in th3 blue-
book Ini before us. On page 2ti, in
'the first Minute of Council sent to the
Colonial Secretary, this statement is
made :
" The pro^iositions made by Mr. Edgar
involved an immediate heavy expenditure in
Briti h Columbia not contemplated by the terms
of Union, namely, the construction or a railway
on Vancouver's Island, from the Port of Esqui-
mau to Nanaimo, as compensation to the most
populous part of the Province for the require-
ment iif a longer time for completing the line on
the mainland."
Mr. DfiCo«M08. — That is bosh.
Hon. Mr. Bl.^ke.— -It may be bosh,
but it is a melancholy fact. This pro-
position was made, and ultimately, by
the arrangements which have been
Hon. Mr. Blakb.
made, and I understand it to have been
acceded to, that tho construction of
tho piece from Ks([uimalt to Nanaimo
should be proceeded with, not as a
necessary portion of the Pacific Rail-
wav, but as compensation for not com-
pleting the line on the mainland.
Mr. DeCosmos. — Would the hon.
gentleman point to any part of the
Sropositions made b}' Mr, Edgar to
[r. Walkem, in which the word
compensation appears ?
Hon. Mr. Blake. — I do not know
anything about that.
Mb. DbCosmos. — Well, keep within
the record.
Hon. Mr. Blake. — I am keeping
within the record. I am keeping
within the record of the Minute in
Council and also within tho record of
the decision of Lord Carnarvon, lam.
keeping within the record when I show
that the Government of Biitish Colum-
bia agreed to be bound by tho decision
of Loi'd Carnarvon. 1 am keeping,
therefore, within the record when I
say that the Gfivernraynt of British
Columbia, as far as it can bind the
people of that Piovince, agreed to
jiccopt an extension of the railway
^Vom Esquimalt to Nanaimo as com-
(pensation or pnrt compensation for the
•delay in the lime of construction. In
the instructions to Mr. Edgar, this
ipassage occurs (page 545) :
" You will take special care not to admit in
any way that we are bound to build the railway
to Esquimalt or any other place on the Island ;
and while you do not at all threaten not to
build there, to let them understand that this is
wholly and purely a concession, and that its
construction must, be contingent on a reason-
able course being pursued regarding other parts
of the scheme."
Mr. DeCosmos. — "Will the hon.
gentleman point .out where the woi'd
" compensation " comes in in those
instructions? I do not wish the im-
pression to go abro»d that compensa-
tion was offered lo British Columbia
by Mr. Edgar when such was not the
case. The First Minister has alluded
to his own ])rivate and confidential
instructions to Mr. Edgar, but they
were not put before the Government of
British Columbia. I wish the hon.
gentleman to state distinctly what were
the propositions that Mr. Edgar did
make to the Government of British
Pacific Railway.
[March 5, 1875.]
Pacific Raihi'ay.
Vi
} have boeD
t ruction of
) Nanaimo
not aB a
a»!ific Rnil-
)r not com-
ilund.
the hoD.
lurt of the
. Edtrar to
the word
not know
:oo|) within
m keeping
ra keeping
Minute in
B record of
[■von. lam
vhen I show
tiwh Colum-
the decision
m keeping,
>rd when I
. of Biitish
n bind the
agreed to
he railway
no as com-
ition for the
uclion. In
Edgar, this
it to admit in
Id tiie railway
}ii the Island ;
irciitcn not to
id that this is
and that its
on a reason-
ing other parts
the hon.
■e the word
in in those
it*h the im-
t coinpensa-
Columbia
was not the
has alluded
confidential
I', but they
\rerninent of
)h the hon.
y what were
Edgar did
of British
dolumbia, and let him Hhow whether
the word " compeiisuiioii " wa^^ usiul in
them at a!!.
Hon. Mk. Hi<.\kk. — I have 'ilroudy
jxtinted out that that is entirely inima-
lerial, inasmuch as the hon. gentleman
might deny that proposaLs diatinclly
inilioating ihat view wci-e absented to,
and formed the basis oi' ilio decision of
Lord Carnarvon, which tlioy had
agreed to accept. Now, Mr. Chairman,
I have Htalcd in public on one oceaaion,
and also in this House, my i»wii opinion
that the proposalw whifh weie made
by the Govern nient through Mr. Kdgar,
wore of an extremely liberal character,
and were not such as ought to be
materially enlarged by the people of
this counti-y. It seems to me that I
am fortified, at any rate, in that opinion
by the language which I find in the
Minute of Council from which I have
been reading, on i)age 27 :
" Tlie public feeling of the whole Dominion
has been expressed so strongly against the fatal
extravagance involved in the terms agreed to
by the late Government, that no Oovernment
could live that would attempt or rather pretend
to attempt their literal fulfilment Public opin-
ion would not go beyond the proposal made
through Mr. Edgar to the Government."
That Minute of Council was transmitted
to Lord Carnarvon, and he made his
counter-suggestions or stated his views,
which were very considerably in excess,
in some particulai-s, of those which had
been submitted by the Government of
the Dominion. In some of these par-
ticulars those vievv.s were afterwards
modified. To them, therefore, it be-
comes entirely unnecessary to allude.
Others of them were adhered to by
Lord Carnarvon, and it is to those
views and to Ife language of the sub-
sequent despatch that I wish to direct
the attention of the House. With
reference to the proposal of Lord Car-
narvon, that the expenditure of SI. 500,-
000 should be increased to $2,000,000,
the Minnie in Council of September,
1874, states:
" In regard to the second proposal, the Com-
mittee recommend that Lord Oarnarvon be in-
formed (if it be found impossible to obtain a
settlement of the question by tje acceptance of
the former offer) that the Government will con-
sent that, after the completion of the snrver,
the average annual minimum expenditure on the
mainland shall be two millions. There is every
reason to believe now that a majority of the
people of Columbia would accept the proposi-
j tions jircvionsly made. .Iiidcing from n petition
sent tnmi the niainlniKl, sigiicd liy iS-i) iinmt'it («
copy of wliich |>etition is onclnHt'il) there is
ainiust nu entire iiiniiiiinitv thiMe in favor of
these pi'oposals, iindiii^snranced were given very
, luuly liy gcntli.'iut^i of the highest position on
I the Island, that the course of the Local Govern-
; meiit would not meet general approval there.
An apiiliration was made by one prominent
gentleman, an ex-member of Parliament, to the
rovernment here, to know if the proposals made
would still be adhered to, he pledging himself to
S'Ture their acceptance by the bulk <'f the people.
It is, therefore, earnestly hoped that no change
will be considered necessary, as it will he dim-
cult to induce the country to accept any further
concessions."
Then turning to the other condition,
the Minute in Council proceeiis :
" The fourth condition involves another pre-
cise engagement to have the whole of tha rail-
way communication finished in ls90. There are
the stron|;est possible objections to again adopt-
inga precise time for the completion of the lines."
Then Minute in Council proceedit to
say (page 545-6) :
" There can be no doubt that it would be an
extremely ditTicult task to oi)tiiin the sanction
of the Canadian I'arlinment to any specific
bargain as to time, considering the consequen-
ces which have already resulted from the unwise
adoption of a limited period in the terms of
Union for the completion of so vast an under-
taking, the extent of which must necessarily be
very imperfectly understood by people at a dis-
tance. The Committee advise that Lord Car-)
narvon be informed that, while in no case could
the (lovernment undertake the completion of the
whole line in the time mentioned, an extreme
unwillingness exists to another limitation of'
time; bui if it be found absolutely necessary to<
secure a present settlement of the controversy
by further concessions, a pledge may be given
thrtt the portion west of Lake Superior wUl be
completed so as to atford connection by rail with
existing lines of railway through a portion of
the United States, and by Canadian waters dur-
ing the season of navigation, by the year 1890,
as suggested."
At page 40 the same Minute in Council
says:
" It only remains to say that the Government,
in making the new proposals to British Colum-
bia, were actuated by an anxious desire to wrt
an end to all coitroversy, and to do what is fair
and just under very extraordinary circum-
stances, and that these proposals embraced the
most liberal terms that public opinion would
justify them in offering."
The Minute in Council also points out
clearly to Lord Carnarvon, with refer- i
enco to the complaint that nothing was /
being done by the Dominion Govern- f
ment towards commencing or pushing;
on the railway from Esquimalt to\
Nanaimo, that :
" The Dominion has no engagement to build|
such a railway, and, therefore, there can b« not
I
u
Ptii'i/ir RtHlway.
[(COMMONS.]
Pacific Railway.
<'
W
i. i.
Hi
. Jiiit <'iiiii|iliiitit Ihtit it iM not cuinin)Mi.'i«*il. Tli)<
: roiiHlnii'tioii ofHiicli ii riiilwriiy wiih oIVci'imI only
, HN ciiiniM'iiHiiliiiii lor ilrliiv in t'lilllllitiK tlic en-
P;KK<>ni<>iit to liiiilil a raihviiv to thn I'licitlc Htii-
, ..mid."
'Now. Sii-, I niiiiiitaiii tlml. tlic oxproH-
hioiiM ill tl'.o^o tloHpulflu'H, Willi rof'cr-
oiico to tlio Htiito oC |nil)li(' opinion nnil
to tlioditllciilly, irnul impoHsjIiility, of
indiK'in^ i'liilianiont and (lio country
to oxioiul fmtiior <'oni'»>ssi(»ns. truly
and cnnvclly iniido — I iMidnlaiM tliiit
tliu dil1i<'iilti«>s in wliicli tlio coiinti-y
may l>o involvod l»y thoo oxtra con-
I'OHNionH 111(1 vory nurioii^'. Having
toward to lln! very tiuoiiiiildo linancial
on^ii^t'iui'iit-" wld(di I 111) KiiHt MiniMtor
was altjo (o niako, hiiviii^ roj^ard to tlio
lar;Xo .Slims llial, iipun vory favorablo
ttM'ins ho was aMo to Imhtow williout
troncliiiij^oii llu« iO'IM vi> oftlio Imp(>ii!il
gnaranto'o, and assuming ucunciirroiKU'
of I'avoiiriiltio ciinimslaticos for n
poriod of yoars yot to como, assiuning
u riMisomiliio sliaro of piospority —
rensonaltlo tit any rate, if it had not
boon onjoying a vory oxtrnorditiary
share of prospoiity for somo years
past - asiuning a coutlnuanoo, 1 say,
of that prospoiity, it is pissiblu (luit
this coiiDiiy may bo able to comply
with tlioso conditions But. for my
own part, I ropoat my regrot that tho
terms propo^od should have boon
acceded to. I I'epoal my regret that
we should have agreed to a larger mini-
mum of oxpoiidituro than 81,500.000,
which was more than British Columbia
bad herself asked for in tho first
instance. I repeal my regret that the
agroemoiit made containcil a new time
limitation when almost all tho circum-
Btancos which, in tho Judginonlof hoii.
gentlomon with whom it was my
happiness to act, fenderod it imprudent
to attempt to fix such time limitation,
these circumstances being the impossi-
bility of knowing within what time we
could construct this railway, sind at
what cost, while tho sufveys were in
their then condition. >i« * * (Page
547). Mow. Sir, under these circum-
stances, for my own part, I regret that
the CTOvernment has felt it necessary
to yield to the extent to which they
did yield to tho request of Lonl
Carnarvon. * * * I do not deny
that the difficulties arising out of the
imprudent b.irgain made with Britit^h
Columbia are such as justify the
Hon. Mr. Blaks
(iovornment in asking, what 1 bolievo
they will roooivu at our bands, the
greatest considoral ion and forbearance
with roforonce to the sottlciiKMitof this
stion. Hilt I do say that: if wo
acctf»)ronc«) to this arrangomeiit, which
my lion, friend answorod in antiidna-
tioii, ac(M)mpaiiying his answer with
somo oxplanatioiiH. We all reindleot
the altitude that the neopio of British
(Niliimbia assiimod wiion tho proposal
was made tor a modification of " tho
terms" of Union. The people and tho
rjogislatiire look alarm, and 1 believe
the riov^islatiire do(darod that no altera-
tion of these terms Hhoiiltl bo made
without the ]>eople thomsolves having
an opportunity of pronouncing upon an
altera! n by the usual conHtitiitioiiftl
mode. I do not object to that demand
being i, ,ide. I do say that the people
of British Columbia might fairly have
called upon tho tJoverninont of thn
Province not to assent to any alteration
of "the terms" without tho concur-
rence of their representatives in Parlia-
ment assembled. It appears to mo that
the people of ('anada ought also to bo
ottllod upon, through their r(»presonta-
tivos in Parliament assembled, to deal
with the settlement that had been
made by tho Government, either in
the way of affirming or disaffirming
of the c-urso pursued. '.This is the
view which 1 think the despatch
indicates was taken by tho (iovernment
at one lime. * * * (Pi'K*' 548).
W© are dealing with tho Province
which, next to Manitoba, is the small-
est in tho Dominion. Wo are dealing
with the Province in respect to which
our obligations have not boon imple-
mented. W© are arranging for the
alteration of the terms, and I think if
wo wore di8po8©d, as I suppose a
majority of the House is di8p:)8©d, to
agr©e that these t©rms should be so
alt©red, th© peopl© of British Columbia
would b© b©tter satisfied if the new
arrangement rested upon statutory
enactment rather than upon simple
f
• Supposed orifda of E, & N. jgllj. g^ p,,, ,
liackMiie "no authority to obtain." ' . .
Pacific Hailwny.
[March Kl, 1876.J
Pacific Railway. 15
lexcfiitivo 11(^1 ion AH now propOHod.
IThiM't'lort', wl.' tlior w« look ul Uio in-
jruHtH of lli« (Jiinmlian (uMtpIo iiloiio,
lor Ht IIh; hpii'it in which IIkho pro
poMiils mo to li(' accopUMi hy i)io pooplo
)f Urilisli (!uliitiihiu, I vunluru rcHpoct-
\illy to rcpK'Ncril lo I ho l''ir>*t AMiiiiHior
khiit thn iiioro prinicrit coiirHO would
lavu Inch to^ivo tiH an oppoiliinily of
jronoiiiicing upon ihoHu propoNulH.
point. Ilotloriiod thai tlio latct (iov-
orntniMit had ovor ii^it'( d lo p'lt Ihoir
hatidH in Iho i>iil>li<'. 'rr'.-iiHnt-\' and hiiild
H O U S I? () K (^ O M M O N H.
Sdliirdity, March VMh, 1H75.
The HpcaUcr took llio Chair ut throo
)'olo('k.
TllK PACIFIC KAILVVIY,
Hon. Mil. Tui'i'KK (pago 693). * *
Tho Hoik had hoard that tlie (iovorn-
lont durinf^ rocoHH, had hound the
Bountry to a timo bargain to tho con-
struction of tho Caria!>«.) Ho (.Mr. Tupper) wna
ready to put twice tliat ninoiint in the
hands of the Premier for the cotisliuc-
tion of a Canadiun I'aejMi! Riiilway,
but not for the purpose of i'on«l '.ruction. The
third section authorizes the Governor
in Council to enter into contracts with
a company or individuals for the con-
struction of the ro.nd, and the sub-
sections of the clause are practically
the same as, or nearly a repetition of,
the clau.^e.s in the Canadian PacifiG
Railway Bill of last Session, regarding
the security to be given and the mode
of ))ayment to contractors, namely,
$10,000 lor each mile with the land
somewhere on the line of the railway,
and any further amount that may be
required. Sections 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 refer
I0 the letting of contracts. The
Government do not propose to submit
these contracts for the appjoval of
Parliament, for the reason that they
expect to be able, sometime during this
season, to let out contracts for this
woi'k, and they took parliamentary
authority for lotting them in the
ordinary way that other contracts were
let out by the I'ublic Works Depart-
ment. As the Gowjrnraent do not, in
this Bill, rocognize^this line as part of
the Pacific Railway, it becomes neces-
saiy that they should have a special
"section for the land grant from the
province. Section 9| accoi'dingly pro-
vides that the railway shall not be
commenced, and that no contract shall
be entered into for the constiuction
■ thereof until the Government of British
\ Columbia shall grant and convey to the
'CanadianGovernmentin trust, a similar
should resolve, at a future day, to go ;, extent of public lanvis along the line of
beycmd the head waters of that inlet ''" - -='' - -' -^' ' — '- "' ^- -
and connect with the Esquimalt and
Nanaimo Road, it may become a part
\
of the Pacific Railway, but it is decided
to build that part on the island as an
ordinary Government railway, leaving
the future to be controlled by Parlia-
ment. The first section simply pi-ovides
that there shall be a railway constructed
|)etweoi) these t'o points. The second
Motion determines the gauge, and that
• Not recognising E. & N. in Bill ai part of C. P. R. deprivSd Uo.tiinion Gavernmentof claim to land (uioMl
Sec. 1 1 of ierms of Union.
|>See Sec. lo E. ft N. RaHwajr Bill for Und aauM, and compare with O. C March bj, 1873, paR* irjl
''the said railway throughout its entire
■length, tiot to exceed twenty miles on
Jthe side of the line, as may be appro-
printed for the same purpose by the
Dominion Government for the JSorth-
West Territories and Manitoba;
Erovided the amount of land that may
held by pre-emption shall be made
good to the Dominion Government from
Contiguous lands. Section 11 and sub-
liuctions simply apply the provislonB of
Esquimalt and
[Mabch 29, 1875.] Nanaimo Failwaii. 17
the general Kailway Act to this Act, so
far a« may bo necessary for the purpo(rcparod did n' t require that the
contnicts should be submitted to Par-
liament, especially as Mr, Smith, the
Chief Engineer on the Pacific side,
thought he would be rea-
the construction of this road immedi- nteiy.
ateiy, and thi« Bill was introduced in
accordance with that arrangement.
As to the .statement that Esquimalt.
was by this Bill constituted the ter-?
minus of the Pacific Railway, it was
incorrect.
Mr. Irving said he hoped this Bill
would not be taken as a precedent to
justify a departure from what was
undeistood to be a part of the general
policy of the Government, namely, to
submit every contract lor larj^e works
for the sanction of Parliment.
Hon. Mr. M.^ckenzie. That ie not
the general policy of the Government.
\v e let our contracts last j'ear on the
canals to the amount ol several millions,
and the law did not require them to be
submitted to Parliament.
Mr. Irving said the law did not
require it, but it was understood to be
a j)art of the pre.^ent Government
when they criticized the late Govern-
ment for not following it in connection
with the Pacific Railway. He was not
speaking of the way contracts might
be carried out under the pro^icnr law,
but under new legislation. He believed
the country exj)ected that the ratifi-
cation of Parliament would bo obtained
to all contracts for important works
just as such contt acts were submitted
to the Imperial Parliament.
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie said the hon.
gentleman was mistaken. It was not;
the custom to submit contracts of this'
kind to the Imperial Parliament, but ,
I..aw_did not
•^ 'lire con-
-ts submitted I
" Parliament.
* "«i"u itjl?'^ *""''* ** '•• •*""*" •""'* "^ P»''i»««n« 'he eonstmetlon of E. 4 N. would not go on
w
18
Knquimalt and
[COMMONS.]
Nannimo Railway.
I-' 1 .1
Contrncts lc«
in C. I'. R. in
1875.
only IlioHo of II cortHin cIiihs — cliiofly
thoso with mail HtoiiniKhip w»mp!iiii(kr said ho agreed
with the statement that tho country
had certaitdy boon led to expect that
ono of tho great )>ointH of difference
between tho policy of tho present
Govornmont and that of the past, was
that all contracts for works of an
imttortant nature should bo submitted
lo Parliament.
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie. — When dirt I
say that ?
IIf»N. Mr. Tupi'er. — I did not say
that you said so. The hon. gentleman
has istated that he Piicific Railway contract
of the late Go\'enimi nl, because Parlia-
ment hr.d delibcialely fixed the
quantity of land and the amount of
money which should be given to the
contractorH as well as the tei'ms and
conditions, all of which were rigidly
adhered lo in tho contract, with a single
exception, with reference to lands other
than those along the line — an exception
which the jirescnt Government had
found it necessary to keep verbatim et
literatim. With reference to that point,
and that point only, tho contract
required the approval of Parliament.
The Intercolonial Railway was in quite a
different position. In that case the
contracts were to do a certain public
work for the Government, and none ot
tho terms and considerations thereof
were fixed by Parliament beforehaod.
Thorofore there was strong reMon whj
w
20
Esquimau and
[COMMONS.!
Nanaimo Railway.
m
Tiipper nilinits
that Kiwniimalt
is Pncific
tcr
miiiu!).
Buch contraclB ar that of Mr. Foslor
should have Iho approval of Parlia-
ment; which did not exist in the caao
of the Canadian Pacific Railway con-
tract. Apart from that, however, there
was another very important reason
why Mr. Foster's contract, and (he con-
tract for the work now before the
HouKC, should be Hubmitted to Parlia-
ment. He believed that at this moment
the eastern portion of what would be
the connection between the railway
Bystem of Canada and the Canadian
Pacific Railway projier, was in the
bands of Americans. It was an
.^^.merican contract whose tender was
accepted by the Government — Mr.
Munhon, of Boston. The l'.iO miles
ft'om Douglas up to Renfrew he held to
be a part of tlie Georgian Bay Bi'anch,
and he believed the capital would all
be negotiated for by the same parties,
and those parties were Americans.
He believed that the money deposited
with the Government came from the
United Stales, and that the security
was also American. lie was stating
what he solemnly believed when he
Baid that at this monent the eastern
link of the Canadian Pacific Railway
was in the hands of Americans. .Ho
would say, further, that under this Bill
he bad not the slightest doubt that the
contract for the construction of the road
from Eequimalt — the Pacific terminus
of the Canadian Pacific Railway — to
Nanaimo, for which this country would
have to pay between three and four
millions at the very least, would also
pass into the hands of the Americans,
What was to prevent it ? There was a
Bill before the House ibr the incorpo-
ration of a Riitish Columbia Company,
but no person would imagine that the
capital necessar}' to Luild that road
could be found in British Columbia.
He believed that the capital would
come from the United States, and that
under these two contracts we would
have the intervening portion of the
great national highway of Canada
hemmed in by American contractors
and American capitalists who would
own both erds of the line. These rail-
ways would not become the property
of the Government, like the Intei^
colonial Railway or the canals, but
ander these contracts the work itself
would become the property of the con-
HoN. ICr. Tupkb.
tractors. Ho understood the hon
Minister of Public Works to say, that
although the Pacific Railway Act d llio bon
H to sjiy, that
Iway Act i obtiiining
nt. He (Mr.
ion upon tho
ISO wiia not
to the near
nd of the
It if h-y (Mr.
able to reach
vould have an
1 opinion upon
must sny that
ul by the First
le expectation
) ill lowed that
utcd that he
ds of the Can-
ould pass into
apitalists, and
ee])C8t ]iofisibl©
le construction
iailway for the
ise they have
si Iway that is
'e if a railway
ructed.
I do not in-
gentlenian for
t, I will just
that the Gov-
Miseen influence
d States. I do
3rioan citizens,
are as much
The insinua-
orgons of the
hiivc been sing-
uht year and a
ry conceivable
htatcmont to
n. geniloraan'y
>ly a repetition
ir night and on
he hon. gentle-
dge of any in-
le other si''^ jf
d. I hu\d no
lection of Mr.
Ues citizens of
indiftbrent. I
o, never was
know anyone
approached by
ted States in
Esquimau and
[March 29, IBYS.] Nanaimo Railn-ay. 21
rofereneo to railway matters in Canada,
and I claim that the hon. gentleman
must produce proof, and his organs
must produce proof, in support of the
insinuations in which they continually
indulge regarding tho motives and
objects the Government have in view,
r cliallonge the hon. gentleman and
the whole country to produce a particle
of evidence in support of those insinua-
tions, I do not deem it consistent
with my own honor or dignity to say
any more than that I invite the hon.
gentleman and ul! who have anything
to say ill the matter at oin^e to proceed
with the jiroduction of some evidence
to ju>ur>e, a whole yoaii^'tjll tho next sea-
son for woik, and rliat would not be
fulfilling eithei- tho spirit or tho letter
of the engagement, llo did not under-
stand the hon. First Minister to
attempt to justify the propo>al ho had
made to Parliament upon any other
ground than that the Government
made an engagement to commence
work immediately, and in pursuance
of that agreement he asked tho House
to give authority which, whatever
might be tho general principle which
ought to govern the making of such
contracts and whatever might be the
principle to which the party of which
the hon. First iliiiiglor was the head
was comntitted on that subject, it was
clear that no ordinary circumstance
could apply to this case. Parliament
was asked by the present Government
last Session to give power for the con-
struction of the Pacific Railway itself,
and the Act passed contained provis-
ions with respect to the contracts for
the work, especially declaring that no
contracts for the construction of any
portion of the line should be binding
until they were laid before Parliament
for one month, or a shorter time if
they were approved by resolution. The
same Act contained a provision as to
certain portions of the line which wei'O
* E. & N. Railway to be contracted at once. ^ j ^,1, ye^t instead of commencinc
t Tupper « propoMl was practically to break Carnarvon T«f«» By wainim « »
at once.
Esquimalt and
[March 29, 18*76.] Nanaimo Railway. 23
to bo exempted from that provision,
and with re^ipeet to the blanches the
UhHent ofParliamenlwaN not stipulated
U) be obtained. His hon. friend the
First MiniHter jii(*tificd — and he received
the unanimous asi^ent of the House to
his juHtincation— his departure from the
general principle and from, the ajipli-
cation of the general principle in the
a«t of the Goveinmcntupon the grf)nnd
of public necei-sity, upon the giound
that it was expected and believed that
anansementH could he made for the
procecution of the work of constructing
those brunches during the season, and
that the public interest required they
should be prosecuted during that
sca-on. And, therefoie, ho asked
Pailiamfnt so far to depart from the
goiieial principle he had asserted and
maintained with respect to the main
line, and that the House assented to.
His hon. friend the First Minister acted
in the spirit of the main provisions of
the Act, and as regarded the Georgian
Bay Brunch ho did not avail himself of
the power thus conferred on the
Government, but provided that the
coiilract for the construction of the
roiid should be liable to the same
conditions as contracts for the main
line, and be laid on the Table of the
House during one month, and it did
lay on the Table nearly that period.
Therefore, the only question the House
had to consider, with i-espcct to this
point of the Bill, was whether the
justification for departing from the
recognized rule, as established and
embodied in the Statute-book, was
sufficient. The whole policy of this
measure depondod upon the engage-
ment niade with British Columbia, and
if the House was prepared to implement
that engagement in its entirety, H
must be prepared to give the ox(reptlonal
authority asked by the Government.
As he understood the general principle,
with reference to the expenditure of
toublic money, which had been advo-
cated by hon. gentlemen who sat near
him, it was that the House ought as
far as possible to retain and maintain
the control of Parliament over the
expenditure of the public f\ind8. That
was the general principle, and it
had been asserted by them at all times
and in all seasons whether they sat on
the Opposition or on the Government
side of the House. They always ad-
mitted, however, that there might be
cases in which the executive might be
called on to ask Parliament to give it
a greater measure of confidence and of
control than the assertion of that
general principle would involve, and
that was to be considered in each case.
He understood it to be clear that all
cases of contracts by which Parliament
might be pledged, if they were imple-
mented, to expend more money than
had been actually voted for the s-ervice,
must contain a provision that the money
was to be applied or to be paid out of
moneys to be voted by Parliament, and
would contain a provision that the
contract was not binding unless it was
laid on the Table of the House. When-
ever the House voted a sum of half a
million or a million dollars for the
construction of a public work, when-
ever it had been piovided with the
information which was necessary in
order to enable it to reoch a conclusion
as to the exigency of constructing
the work, and was also provided with
details as to the cost of the woik, the
work was expecte the lesources
ermit without
irdens of taxa-
had never ob-
le had always,
Ivised that the
bia should be
question of a
jf Union. Ho
•ed to sustain
to British Col-
consideration
elaxalion, and
ition were the
work, not of
)ut of import-
It Province, ho
obtaining that
ullowareason-
lade on a local
round that he
t made at the
18 to the people
to obtain relief
largain, he was
bie price. He
)rice proposed
e than a very
jonstruction of
ay was a local
vo an expend"
and oneh^f
was certainly
relaxation of
^ork which, it
i
might be assumed, was important to the
locality, since it was what the locality
asked, but a local work which was not
likely to yield a large an 'unt of profit
even as a local work. Tlio line from
Esquimalt to Nanaimo was supposed
to be important because it would serve
to convey large quantities of coal from
valuable coal bed* lying along that line;
but, as he understood it, there were
also numerous harbors along the route,
where vessels might have easy access
to those coal bods, and he believed that
a largo portion of the coal would be
shipped by sea and not by rail. Nor
did the large agricultural resources of
that portion of Vancouver's Island
lead him to believe that there would
be any extensive development of other
industries besides coal mining. He
would iiot enter into those details, be-v
cause there were points to be settled',
by the people of the locality who had '■
obtained the road as a consideration
for relaxing the terms of Union.
Mr. DbCosmos asked what grounds
the hon. gentleman had for saying this
i-oad was a compensation given to
British Columbia for consenting to
relax the terms of Union.
Hon. Mr. Blakf. said this House was
asked to vote it as the price. If it
were to be a part of tlie Pacific Rail-
way itself this Bill was unnecessary,
because there was authority to con-
struct the Pacific Railroad. This Bill
itself would be an authoritative state-
ment on the part of Parliament, if it
passed, that this line was something
beyond the Pacific Railway, unless
the hon. member for Victoria rogardei
it as a free gift. Although the hon.
gentleman had an exalted idea of the
fenerosity of the Parliament of Canada,
e would hardly say that it was a free
gift, and if it was not, thon it must be
the price of something obtained Under
the circumstances in which the country
stood it was a question whether it were
wise to agree to spend 82,(»00,000 an-
nually in Biitish Columbia, and to
agree to a time limit for building the
main line of the Pacific Railroad when
the Georgian Bay Branch and the Van-
couver Island Branch were to be put
under construction. It was a question
whether this Parliament was not run-
ning a risk in assenting to those terms
and breaking up the policy which was
laid down last Session that the burden
of this country should not ho further
increased in constructing this railroad,
[n assenting to this Bill the House was
pi-aclically endorsing those terms, and
bo(-au.«e ho was not prepared to endorse
those terms ho was not prepared to
assent to this Bill.
Mr. Masson said one of the terms on
which British Columbia entered the
Dominion was the construction of a
railway from the Pacific to the Atlantic.
That was severe enough to Canada,
but the completion of the Confe-
deration was a consideration suffi-
cient to induce us to make the sacri-
fice. The hon. gentlemen opposite at
that time objected to the terms because
they were too severe to Canada. And
what did those same gentlemen ask
this House to do at this day? They
proposed to build the Pacific Raili-oad,
and also railways in British Columbia
and Ontario which were not parts of it.
Whether the road from Esquimalt to
Nanaimo was the price relaxing the
terms of the Union or not, it was a
boon to British Columbia.
Mr. DeCo».mos. — No, no.
Mr. Masson. — Well, that was th«
impression of those who paid for it.
He (Mr. Masson) held that the Govern-
ment should submit it to the people's
representatives for their approval.
That was the opinion ho hud always
held. This country was willing to
build the Pacific Railway, but not to
expend 811,000,000 as was proposed on
lines which are no part of it. He did
not think the country would approve
of the policy of the Government when
it had time to reflect on it. The Thun>
dor Bay Branch was no part of the
Pacific Railway, and ho hold that all
the contracts involvini; tho expendi-
ture of money on tho Georgian Bay
Branch, the Thunder Bay Branch, and
the Esquimalt-Nanaimo road should
be submitted to this House for their
approval.
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie.— Hear, hear.
Mr. Masson. — Supposing the Pre-
mier had in view the policy of the late
Government; well, the House would
remember that when the late Govern-
ment introduced the Pacific Railway
:. &N. Bill. Sees. 3&4
r
Iff
Esquimau and
fCJ^fWONS.]
Nnnaimo Railway.
. 1;
i :
il' ii
*l
Bill tlioy stated exactly the amount of
money and land that would bo re-
quired for it* construction. At that
time he hold that tho contracts for
building the road should ho Hubmittod
to Parliament. He held the same
view in 1868 wher. the House was
asked to expend money in fortifica-
tions. Tho hon. member for Chatoau-
guay and the hon. Premier, on that
occasion, moved an amendment de-
claring that, whenever a contract was
entered into by the Government
involving the expenditure of a greater
amount than the actual grant for such
contract, it should be binding until it
had run for at least one month on the
Table of the House of Commons with-
out disapproval, or was formally
approved of within that period. Now,
that was sound English constitutional
policy, and he voted with Messrs.
Holton and Mackenzie on that occasion,
and against tho Government of which
ho was a supporter. Hon. gentlemen
opposite might contend that this was
«n agreement with British Columbia
and that there was a necessity for
hurry. Well, was not the fortifications
question, in 1868, an agreement
with the Imperial Government, by
which they were required to vote a
certain sum of money for the construc-
tion of fortifications; notwithstanding
that fact, Parliament affirmed the sound
English constitutional principle that
contracts involving an expenditure of
money should be submitted for the
approval of the people's ropreseuta
tives. H© (Mr. Masson) haa looked
for more consistency from hon. gentle-
men opposite, but was disappointed ;
and this was not the only disappoint-
ment he had experienced since this
Session began ; for instance, he (Mr.
Masson) had opposed tho late Govern-
ment policy towards tho Northern
Bailway, acting with the then Opposi-
tion ; nevertheless, hon. gentlemen
opposite, on coming into power, adopt-
ed that very policy — showing that
they must be under the impression that
they were wrong before. Their policy
with regard to the Supreme Court Bill
was the same. They opposed it when
in Opposition — they adopted it after
coming into power. But there was
this difference between the present
Government and the late one: Out of
Mb. Masson.
consideration for Quebec tho hon.
member for ICingHton did not [tress the
Supremo Court Bill. But it seemed
(iuoboc WHS no longer strong enough
to prevent its becoming law. With
regard to the Bill before the House he
contended that it was not an agreement
with tho people of British Columbia
and there was no hurry in pressing it.
If it was an agreement with the people
«f British Columbia the Government
had no right to make it without insert-
ing a clause, as had always been done
before in such agroomonts, declaring
that it should not bo binding on the
people of Canada unless approved of by
their representatives.
Mr. DeCosmos said this Bill included
the same principle as that of the Paci-
fic Bailway Act passed last Session,
namely, that the Government might
either construct the road by private
enterprise or as a Government work.
He was one of those who held that all
the railroads within the Dominion
should be constructed, owned and
operated by the Government, because
the people had to provide tho funds by
one means or another. It would do
away with the large corruption fands
for influencing Local Legislatures,
Municipalities and Dominion Parlia-
ments. The Government by adopting
this principle were running counter to
tho experience of the people of the
United Slates, who had found that rail-
road corporations were springs of cor-
ruption. If the Government consented
to the construction of the Vancouver
Island section' by private enterprise,
they could not prevent tho use of
Asiatic labour. The company would
employ Chinese, who would move
through the land like locusts, and when
the road was completed would leave
the country. If the Government, in
the interest of the Dominion at large,
would undertake the construction oi
the road themselves, they would
employ white men who would be likely
to settle in the Province after the
road was built. He objected to
section 6 of this Bill, because no
time was fixed for the completion of
the road. Supposing a company
should get the contract for conatraot-
ing, owning and operating this road at
$10,000 per mile, and a subsidy of
' ..f.
Esquimau and
[Makch 29, 1876. J Namimo Uallway. 27
20,000 acres per niilo, hikI a Kuarantoo
of interest of thoir ox| eiiditiiro for u
certain niimbor of yesirs, they would
Hell their bondMUt (!0 or 7**, uiid iiiHtead
of the road being built for $;J0.000 per
mile, it would be found in the end tl at
it would cost, through tl:e iiianipula-
tionsoftheoompinyarxltbrou^h water-
ing stock, $60,000 or 800,000 per mile.
There wn.s another point to which he
wished to draw the attention of the
First Minister, because it appeared to
have been overlooked by him. Section
10 stated that there should be twenty
miles of land granted on each side of
this road. That was a physical im-
possibility, because the line from
Esquimau to Nanaimo would have to
pass within sight of the shore almost
[the whole distance. The expression,
therefore, in section 10 was nothing
better than nonsense. So far as the
land was concerned, he believed the
Government of British Columbia
would be perfectly willing to grant
{forty miles of land; but he had his
(doubts as to tbeir taking the view oi"
Itho First Minister and the member for
jSouth Bruce — that this line was not a
[part of the Pacific Kailway?^ If it was
|in*t a part, then the Government had
[no right to ask for the same portion of
[land along the lino ns in the North-
jWest Territory. Probably the member
[for South Bruce, who had acted the
[part of special pleader in this matter,
[would explain how, if the Government
laccepted the award of Loni Carnarvon,
[they had the audacity to come down
[and ask for twenty miles of land on
[each side of this line, if it were true
Jthat this line was to be built as a cora^-
Ipensation to British Columbia. But!
Ithe hon. member for South Bruce had
Bvidently dictated to the Government
Wie policy they should pursue in this
■matter, and having done so he was
|bound to rule them in this as in other
latters. The member for South
Jruce bad spoken of British Columbia
getting a large consideration for rolax-
Ition of the terras. On a former
Bcasion he had challenged the hon.
fentleman to show a single word in
le correspondence of British Columbia,
)r in the utterances of Lord Carnar-
von, that would indicate that this road
?aH to be built as an act of compensa-
ion to Briti&h Colambia on account of
the non-fullilnient of the torms of
union. He rcpcaliHi thtil challoiige
now, because ho did not wish the
|»0()|»lo of Canada to be deceived by an
erroneous statement that could not be
sui»ported by evidence. However, in
this matter, like the commander of a
powerful force, he believed they could
demand a surrender. For his part, he
was not prepared to otFtr any factious
opposition to the carrying out of the
award of Lord Carnarvon, but he
would continue to denounce what ho
regarded as an erroneous statement
calculated to create a misconception of
the real state of things between the
Province of British Columbia and the
Dominion. The member for Terre-
bonne also took the view that this road
was not a part ot the Pacific Railway,
but that hon. gentleman looked at the
matter from a party standpoint, and
he could easily understand his position.:
On that point he would remind
the House that in 1872 the Gev-
ernment of that day decided s^ccik>kcs
unequivocally that the load should''*'*'''"
continue to Ksquimalr, and that
the continuation should be considered a \
part and parcel of the Canadian Pacific
Railway. That was proved by the re-
port of the Chief Engineer, on which ;.
the Order in Council was based of the \
7th June, 187H. They did more than
that. They ordered their Engineer to
commence the suivey and to break
ground. Moreover,taking the whole line
from Mattawan to the Pacific it was
necessary to take a reasonable view as
to the course the road should take, and
on reaching the Pacific coast it would be
the height of tolly to say that the road
shall end on the top of a mountain sim-
ply because it was the Pacific coast
— that it should end, in other words, at
a harbor where there was no anchor-
age and which was not approachable.
The true meaning of the Act was that
the Canadian Pacific Railway should
end at such a part on the Pacific as
would best promote the shipping and
commercial interest of the Dominion,
and he would take this occasion to re-
peat that we had only one port on the
Pacific coast where vessels might ap-
proach night and day at all seasons and
find a safe harbour, and that place was
Esquimalt That fact could be estab-
lished by Admiral Bichards, by the
11 fiV'^M'S* M*" ''"•' on V. I. if E. ft N. Railway were not part of C. P. R.
" It fc. & N. Railway was " compenution " to B. C, how could Canada ask B. C. to convey to her 896,000
acres of land along the E. & N. RaU»>iy.
^;-ii|i:i|
^
Eti(/uimalt and
[OOMMONS ]
Xitiinlmo Railway.
I' >i
I
'1
I »;.
^i'U
I ■■ • !■
't
British Nuvy, nrul by all nftiitical peo-
ple, whothor of the National sorvico or
of tho inon-haiit inarino. That boin^
the ('.ISO, it WHS Npocial pleading, it' not
worHo, on tho pai't of any gentleman, to
hay that this country was only bound
to build tho road to tho shores of tho
Pacitic, Ocoan. It was a rou8onablo in-
terpretation of the agrooment t > way
that Canada was* bound to extend tho
line to Hiich a point as would enable
her to compoto siiceossfully with tho
American railways. Before conclud-
ing, he would 8!iy that ho was glad
that tho (rovornment hnd agreed to
commonco this w(u'k, and although it
was not to ho built as a Dominion pub-
lic wtjrk, yol tho people of British
Columbia would bo glud to see tho wo'-lf
going on, not merely in their own in-
terest but in those of tho Dominion.
He believed tho Premier would best
•consult tho interest of the Province as
well as of the Dominion V)y building
not only this road but tho whole Pacitic
Kailway as a Dominion public work,
instead of giving it out in large con-
tracts to i^roat corporations. If he had
one objection more than another to
make, to what had already boon done,
it was that tho Government had agreed
to give tho building of the Georgian
Bay Branch to a company who would
receive pulilic money and publiclands,
and . ~" tho road was built, would
own it. L.V.. -'ting down he would
again say that he hoped his hon. friend
from South Bruce would lay 'lefore the
House some evidonco in support of his
statement that this road from Nanaimo
to Esquimau was a conipensation for
I the relaxation of the torras of Union
with British Columbia.
Mr. Bunster ijaiu it surprised him
to hear the comments of some members
of the House upon this great national
work that was the only thing that could
make a nation of us. He denied that
tho i)eople of British Columbia had
ever agreed to a relaxation of the terms
of Union. When British Columbia
entered into Confederation she did so
upon the solemn pledge that the (.'aua-
dian Pacific JRailway would be built
within a certain time. Nevertheless,
if the Dominion was not able to build
the road within that time, she was not
disposed to demand the poand of flesh,
Mb. DkCosuos.
but was willing to extend the time.
Ho objected to tno disparaging way in
which some hon. mombors had spokoii
of British Columbia, and claimea that
that Province had now nearly 100,000
people within its borders, and if somo
of them wore not white people they
were a great deal bettor than tho
Chinese, and perhaps ho might say that
they wore belter than some |)cople who
wore so fond of abusing their own
country. As to British Columbia grant-
ing twenty miles of bind on each side of
this road, he thought that was scarcely
fair. Ho himself knew of one Imndred
acres on the line of that road boin^
sold lately for »25,000. With tho
o.vcoption of a few merchants, and per-
bans a fow others, he contended that
tho people of Bi-itish Columbia wore
not in favor of accepting tho new terms.
What tho}' wanted was that tho whole
tonus shouKI bo carried out, though
they wore willing to extend the time
in order that that might bo done. They
wished to see a groat national highway
built across this continent, so that this
country might bo in a position to com-
mand tho traffic of tho oast, as our road
would admit of a shorter passage
between Kuropo and Asia by six days
and nine hours, as compared with tho
American roads. Me regi-ettod to see
so mu'"*^ politics mixed up with the
Canadian Pacific Railway ; if there was
less there would be fewer obstacles in
the way. It was also to be regretted
that some hon. gentlemen had seen fit
to cast discredit upon British Columbia.
If the people of that Province had not
been loyal to the old flag, they might j
have had a railway from the United*
States in return for their allegiance to,;
that country, but they preferi-ed to cast I
in their lot with the Dominion, and I
they looked to the Dominion to fulfil j
its obligations to them. He held that {
Canada was amply able to build the I
road, that fifty million acres of land \
and thirty million dollars would build
it, and if there had been less haggling
about terms and a sincere determination
to prosecute the work with energy, it ■
might have been half built by this time, |
as was evident from the fact that the I
Americans inthe midst of their war built
their road over a more difflcult territory l
than oars in three years and a half. If j
the interior of British Columbia was]
v-^
Esf/ui limit mill
[March 29, 1875.] Xunaimo Rmlivoy.
29
oponod up by railway the pooplo could
Buiiil tlioir pnxluco to tlio Europouii
jiaiUotH as California was doing. lie
bopod tluH work would be prosocuted
^itb vi^or, and that wo wonid noon
bavo a mil way aoroHH the continont.
Mr. Pai-mer waid this Bill involved
luestions of very gi'oat importanco to
le Dominion. Ho took the position
lat it wa» iinsafo ibr the Government
jf thiH country to make any a^Tccment
)r adopt any jjolicy which involved the
sxpenditiire of large sums of publi';
money without the nanction of I'arlia-
lent. Tlio hon. member for South
Jruce Haid the reason why the Govern-
lent Hhould depart fron> that principle
\r\ thin case, was because they were
I'ammellod by some an-angement made
rith British (Columbia by the former
irovernmcnt, and th:it to enable Canada
keep faith, it was nece-iHary for them
enter into a now agreement. A
ractio.il difficulty vot^o from the fact
lat, under the old airrcemcnt, the rail-
iray had to be built within ten years;
rhereas, under the new engagement
kntered into by this Government, the
pme is extended to hfteon years. But
lat late ai-rangemcni had never re-
jived the sanction of Parliament. If
Ehe Government were not authorized
|0 make such an agreement, then its
Brms shfuld not be binding until they
rore sa . ioned by Parliament, and
^ho GoTeri..nent could not go forward
intil they were able to do so in a con-
lltitutional manner. He was an advo-
Bate for the policy of carrying out in
Its entirety, the arrangement made
nth British Columbia for the construc-
tion of the railway in ten years, be-
cause that engagement was (ntcrcd
Into at the time of union, and he bc-
ieved if the Government had faithfully
prosecuted that work, the people of
"lat Province would not have com-
plained if it hud not been completed at
*ie end of the period allotted for its
)mpletion. It was very desirable that
le utmost precautions should be taken
prevent the railway referred to in
^he Bill fulling into the hands of private
lembers; but under the Government
proposal, the Americans could obtain
pntrol of the road by purchasing a
i^ority of the stock. He was in favor
bf an all-rail route through Canadian
territor}', apart from an arriin^einent
made with British Coluniliiti, becau.'^e
we had not only the nhortcHt route by
land from the Atlantic to the Pacific,
but also the shortest water route. He
was entirely opposed to building local
linos, but favored the const iiiclion of a
line from the ea^^terly point to which
private enterprise would curry the
railroad to the Pacitic, but he was en-
tirely opposed to any projiosition made
in liou ot the original agreement with
British Columbia.
Mb. Wallace said he was intendcdC?)
io the Gorornmunt policy by which it
was contemplated to build a I'oad from
Esquimalt to Nanaimo under the Bill
proposed. If the railway were to be
built at all, it ought to be constructed
and ownetl by the Government of the
country, inasmuch as our commercial
highways ought not to be controlled by
private individuals. He was opposed,
moreover, to locking up in the hands
of stockholders large portions of the
public lands of the Dominion. It was
true that those companies would act as
good emigrant agents up to a certain
period, but there would come a time
when the interests of the company
would be aiitagonistic to the interests
of the country, because land would be
held for speculative purposes, whereas
it was to the interest of Canada that
land should bo occupied and settled. It
had always been contended by the hon.
gentlemen now sitting on the Treasury
benches, that it was contrary to coi-rect
principles to give out contracts for bnild-
ing railways until the necossa-y surveys
had been completed. This was one of
the charges brought against the late
Government, that they had entered into
contracts for the building of the Pacific
Hallway without knowing where the
I'ailway was going to run, or what it
would cost. But the hon. membei-s
themselves were now violating the
principle for which they had contended
when \n Opposition, because both in
the case of the railway provided for by
the Bill, and also in that of the
Georgian B:«y Branch, there had been
no proper surveys carried out. In
the latter case one or two surveyors
had walked over the line, but they
could not tell within several miles
where the road would be located. He
t| 1
30
Esqxiimalt and
[COMMONS.]
Nanaimo Railway^
4^
111
wtiM an advocate for constructing the
Pacific Railway from ocean to ocean,
an a work in ihe interest of the
country ; but he was entirely opposed
to it if it was to be built, own-'d and
controlled by a company, because that
was locking up lands of suflScient
magnitude to cornpiise kingdoms.
Already fault was found, (mthe ground
that the Canada Central Company
would exercise a land monopoly ; but
that would be as nothing compared
with the monopoly that would be
created in the Pacific Bail way Com-
pany. He moved in amendment,
flecondeil by Mr. Stephenson :
That this Bill be not now read a second
time, but that it be read a second time this
day three months.
The amendment was negatived on
the following divisicn: —
Ybas:
Messieurs
Archibald
McDonald (Op. Breton)
McDougall (Tliree Riv.)
Baby
Bain
Bernier
McKay (Colchester)
Mncm Uau
Klake
McOallum
Bowel!
McOraney
Garon
McQuade
Oiinon
Masson
Cook
Mills
Costigan
Monteith
Coupal
Montpluisir
Ounningham
Mos4
Currier
Moiisst^au
Cuthbcrt
Norris
Dewdney
Orton
Dugas
CUiiinet
Farrow
Palnipr
li'erKuaon
Fleshcr
Pickard
Pinsoniioault
Kraser
Piatt
Oaudit
Plunjb
Gill
Pope
Gordon
Pozpr
1 lager
Robitaille
llapgiirt
Rouleau
Harwood
Rynml
Iligginbotham
Scatcherd
■Tones (Leeds)
Stephenson
Kirkpatrick
Lanthier
Thompson (Ilaldira'nd)
Wallace (Norfolk)
Little
Wliite-62,
Nays :
Messieurs
Appleby
Ay mer
Lajoie
Landerkin
Barthe
Langlois
iti'chiird
Laurier
Biggar
Macdunald (Cornwall)
llluckburn
Mr.odonald (Glengarry)
Macdonald (Kingston)
Blain
Borron
MacDonnell (Inverness)
Bourasaa
Macdougall (Elgin)
Mackay (Cape Breton)
Mackenzie (Lambton)
Bowman
nrown
ALLAOB.
Buell McLennan
Bunster Mc In tyre
Burpee (St. .Tohu) Mclaaac
Cartwright McLeod
Casey Metcalfe
Casgrain Murray
Cauchon Oliver
Oheval Patersou
Church Pelletier
Cockburn Ferry
Gushing Pcttes
Davies Pouliot
DeOosmos Power
Delorme Richard
De St Georges Robillard
De Veber Ross (Durham)
Dyraond Ross (Middlesex)
Ferris Ross (Prince Edward)
Fiset Scriver
Fleming Shiblev
Flynn Sinclair
Forbes Smith (Peel)
Fouruier Smith (Westmoreland
Frechette Snider
Galbraith Stirton
Geoffrion St. Jean
Gibson Taschereau
Gillies Thibaudeau
Gillmor Thompson (Cariboo)
Helton Thomson (Welland)
Horton Tremblay
Huntingtcn Trow 7 -• ^
Irving Tupper^c (/taireJ'
Jette Vail
Jodoin Wilkes
Kerr Wood
Killam Wright (Ottawa)
Kirk Wright (Pontiac)
Laflarame Young— 101.
Laird
The House went into Committee of
the Whole, Mr. Young in the Chair.
Hon. Mb. Tupper said, although thip
road from EsqniraaU to Nanaimo was
outside the obligationH entered into by
the late Government with British
Columbia, he regarded it as effort made
in good faith to arrange for the redemp-
tion, as far a^ pos.siblo. of pledges made
with British Columbia, and snch being 1
the case he felt obliged to give whatf
support he could towards carrying out ,'
those arrangenronls. He was driven to^
the conclusion that no surveys Wire
made on this line, ami that the Gov- 1
ernraent were entirely in the dark at
this moment as to I ho information
which on it was absolute! • i oessary
that contracts should be bused. The
Government would be obliged to
supply the means for building this
roaci — means which the hon. tnem-
ber for SoutV Bruce wonll find;|
he had altogether undoiTSted.
The Bill pi-ovide^ that the parties
obtaining the contract should havei
a subsiay of land of fair uveragij
♦ Sir JoIjh MacdanaW ( St« pledge in O. C, June tB;} ;
t Sir C. Tupper I >l«o .\llan & Co. to build it.
Both voted for second reading, and againit tluxiwing out E. & N. Bill. Ste Tapper, lop of pagt 15.
Esguimrtlt and
[March 29, 1875.] Xanahno Eaifaay. 31
luality, along the lino of the Pacific
Railway or in sorao other part of the
' jtninion wlioio the Government own-
public lands. It would be seen at a
Elance that it was not the intention of
ie Government to give lands on Van-
juver iHlund, bocause the Esquimalt
od Nanaimo Railroad was not a part
the Pucitic Railroad.
Hon. Mr. M.\cicenzie explained thai
le Government believing that the
kndrt between Nauairnoand Esquimalt
lere mowtly valuable mineral lands,^"
tere not willing to give 20,000 acres of
lem to a contractor. They had, there-
jre, taken jiower to give lands wherever
»ey pleat>ed alongthe line of the Pacific
iilway or el.sewhere. This clause was
Ircpaied cxj>iicilly to prevent specu-
lltors getting Imii of most valuable
lineral landt- uiKler the guise ot con-
|*actort^. With reference to the surveys,
lere hail been a preliminary survey ;
lat is, cnginoei's hud gone along the
)ast to iiwi ertain the general lie of the
iinds and the |)oints at which water
[)uld easily be touched. He proposed
fithin a tow days <• have a tiial survey
lade, which would be completed by
jidsumiuor, when steps would ini-
kediatcl}' be taken to put the line under
)ntract.
Hon, Mr. Tipper said, the Govern-
|ient were absolutely bound to con-
ruct this line immeiiiatelyl Every
)ntractor knew that, and also knew it
kould cost four tinier as uaich to do
le work in British Columbia than it
irould in any other part of the Do-
linion. Tliij being the cahe, the cost
^f building this line of «)5 miles would
enormous, and would bo much
neater if the contracts should be let
rithout the Government being in a
^sition to furnish the contractors with
iformation as to the nature of the
>untry on the I'oute.
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie. — We will be-
Hon. Mr. Tupper contended- that i^
jras impossible in the present state o^
tformation in regard to the route, to
irnish the necessary informal ion as
the amount of work required *'o bo
|one and wL'ich the contractor must be
irnished v;ith in oixle»' to get the coh-
racl taken at the lowest rates and ttiu
ut risk.
U this the
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie. — If ii will be
impossible then it will not be lot. 1
pledge myself to the House tbnt until
it is definitely known the contract will
not be let.
Hon. Mr. Tupper said the hon.
gentleman had passed a Bill through
Parliament last Session giving the Gov-
ernment the same power they asked
for 111 this Bill, and the Government let
the contract without the consent of
Parliament, and without having a
survey of the line. VV'ith sucii facts
before the FIoiiso, and with the in-
formation that the survey could not be
completed before midsummer,there wivs
no necessity for taking this power
asked for. The engngvmetit with the
Imperial Government and British
Columbia would be honorably and kind of policy
1 • \ 1 1'*. ii. 1 .i. n to 1)0 carried
fairly redeemed to the letter, as well out now by
as in the spirit, if the Government *;;'^^^'^Kg;|Jij^
would ))rnvid(! for leltiiig contracts to'PonMoody
subject to the ap])ioval of Parliament, (
and for this reason, the very moment i
the location of the road was commenced
the construct ion was also begun. It
was so in the case of the Intercolonial
Railway. The late Government re-
garded the work of construction as
commenced when they proceeded to
locate the line. He therefore moved
in amendment to the 8th sub->ncc of the hon.
gentleman's yia^fit was this: he
was obliged, a e/ ? >; penalty of com-
mitting a breach of iiiilh both with the
Imperial Government and with British
Columbia, to accept tho lowest tender,
no matter what ground it mi^ht cover.
The statement thai it was a breach of
faith was a fallacy. It was quite clear
that it could not bo a breach of faith to
refuse to lot a contract which was an
improbable one, a collusive one, or an
impiudentone for the country to enter
into. There could bo no reason why
Parliament should not have control
over the whole of those contractj. It
was the hon. gentleman's own .rinciple
offered by himself on former ; ■•; .l^;ions.
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie li
gentleman's word had ciin
little further,
tended to go.
he would not probably have spok )n as
The Government took jow
M hon.
ULQ a
no doubt, tha.i in-
If he had read thi iiill
^jower
roa(> them-
^v
he did.
in the Bill to work tho
selves if they found it more ad'/antago-
ous in the public interest to ^o so. If
they found that such a combination as
suggested — which ho did aot think at
a'l probable — would oc u they had
power to proceed with i.i s'uo'Ulion of
the work themselves. TIki' . (a, nprre-
honded, would bo keeping good faith.
He know that the hon. gentleman had
raado '.hi;! remark without looking'^t
:^at sCi L^ "^ of the Bill, aiK if he had
doco .'J lie .vould have saved himself a
Railway.
Tying out that
)\ALD said ho
toiH would bo
•oud. Suppose
niition of con-
HJiy: "We will
ur per cent, on
lid the Govern-
on tracts?
, — Certainly.
ALD said if the
ako power to
lets, it could be
' faith. There
r ovoi- it. The
I tliat ifParlia-
t would bo a
rould not be a
lovei'ntncnt re-
co of the hon.
was this : he
penalty of com-
1 bi)ih with the
nd with British
lowest lender,
it mii^ht cover.
ais a breach of
was quite clear
each of faith to
which was an
sive one, or an
ouatry to enter
10 reason why
havo control
contracLj. It
own .uinciple
nier 0':c.ariions.
\k' tin hon.
Ciiiri A 'uui a
tha-i '0 in-
road tbt .JtU
lavo spok Ml as
it took jjower
10 road them-
oro ad',antago-
t to 'iO so. If
orr.Lti nation as
1 aot think at
tlicy had
'.^v^'Ulion of
uii good faith,
jcntloraan had
>ut looking^t
IK if ho had
avod himself *
Esquimau and
[March 29, 1875.] Nanaimo Railway. 38
^-^r
somewhat awkward speech^'^ The hon,
gentleman and his late coUeaijfue voted
for tho second reading of tho Bill, as
they wore bound to do. The fact was
jthat the extraordinary and imprudent
rangemont made by ti.e late (rovern-
ent with British Columbia was one
,hat ho (Mr. Mackenzie) h;id opposed
,s long an it was possible to oppose it.
hen he assumed the leadership of the
overnmont he had to deal with this
I'bjoct. lie had to allay feelings of
iscontenCf'aiid inquietude in that
rovinco, and to do what he could to
estoio that feeling between the Pro-
vince and the rest of the Dominion
which was essential to the continuation
pf tho union. Finding thomfsclves in
that position, the Government had to
make the host an-angement possible
unler the circumstances. They did
their best to economize the -public
funds, and, at the same tiiue, to give
reasonable satisfaction to tbose with
(whom tho late Administration had
Imado c special agreement. But sup-
Iposing that the hon. gentleman's
'argument was conclusive, which it was
not, how would it apply to those who
made a bargain to build the entire road
in ten years? Supposing such a com-
bination were formed under that
bargain, how could faith have been
Ikept? Of course, we know it never
as intended to keep faith, because
lat was impossible, and every member
the then Administration and Parlia-
ment know it was impossible to keep
faith. He did not propose to do any-
[thing but what he believed they could
"o, and he had not proposed to do any-
thing but what he believed to be with-
in the preamble of the Bill of last
Session, wliicli was to the effect that
the taxation of the people, as it was
[when the original bargain was made,
jBhould not be increased^ It would be
found that he so informed tho Imperial
[Govornnient in the last despatch sent
1 this subject. Believing that they
ould bo able to keep their obligation
ith tho public not to increase the tax-
-ion, and at the same time restore
armony between British Columbia
nd the rest of the Dominion, they had
dopted the course they did, and they
ad introduced this Bill as an evidence
hat they were determined to proceed
8 rapidly as possible with the flilfil
ment of this part of their obligation^
It might be that in some details the R'"'"""''''*
Bill might be improved, and if this co'vcrnment
could be shown he would be willing to ^''^'ra'idf'
make any modification, but he could os'^it&e.
not consent to change the principle of
the measure.
IIoN. Mr. Tuppeh said the hon.
gentleman had given no answer to the
point he had raised, namely, that the
location of the road was a commence-
ment of the work ; and that, therefore,
in order to keep good faith, it was only
necestary to piocood .^itb tho location
of the line before next Session.
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie wished to ask
one question — would the right hon.
leader of tho Opposition say that the
commencing of a survey was the com-
mencement of the construction of the
road within the terms of tho agreement
with British Columbia of 1872. H*
was perfectly aware that the hon. •»«""T'I£-
ti L J . i 1 ment of the
gentleman had sent a telegram some- survey com
mencemcnt ol
construction T
thing to that effect ; but it was well
known that the Government of British
Columbia refused to recognize that aau.c. denies it.
a commencement of the road. Nov^
he would like to gel the legal opinion — •
not the parliamentary opinion — of thi-
hon. gentleman upon the point as to
whether the beginning of a survey was
the commencement of the construction
of the line.
Sir John A. Macdonald said he had
no doubt that a location survey was as Location
much a commencement of the con- »urvey *^^^,_
struction of the railway as the actual """""'"
breaking of the Kfou'id: but he would PreUminary
~ ~ ' survey not a
not consider that preliminaiy surveys commencement
wore tho commonceniont of construe- of construct
tion.
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie said that the
hon. gentleman when he was tho leader
of the Government, had applied to have
the land on Vancouver Island set apart Macdonald
for tho lailway, ujion the ground that ^'j"j'"f",'
Mho survey had commenced. The uTmi in v. !•
dLoctd Government refused the appli-
' cation, and the gentleman made no|
further attempt to got tho law curried
out, which he was bound to do if it wor«
true that the beginning of a survey
was legally the be.s^inniug of the cou-
strubtion ot the line.
Sir John A. Maodonald said the
ciroumstanoeB were these: The 6ov-
• IlL^^I^ }^^^ ?' Owrlet Tupp«r, tee put «. \ Diicontent in R C. X See Tilley on taxation.
0^«^- . 'I!??^ '° "'"''•J ." '^ line li«a not l>een locattd, but renerved the land; Dominion
Uoremment acceptad VMMTe u suffidaat. Sm vV US. HI, U9, of lUilway P>p«n.
^
Esquimau and
[COMMONS.]
Nanaimo Railway.
ernmeiit wore informed that the lands
•of tllel^^lan(l vvcie eagerly sought after
; by speculators iind were afraid that the
.lands lor Iho lailway would be handed
tover to other parlies or pre-empted,
and they, therefore, applied for the
kjonveyance of these lands to them by
British Colnml)ia. Ihe answer of the
British Columbia Government was that
they would not convey them but would
reserve them.x-
Seenotebeiow. HoN. Mu. MACKENZIE. — They Were
bound to reserve them.
J Sir John A. Macdonald. — Only for
" two years. They claimed that the
False state- work was not Commenced until the
ment ; no such ' . i — i /> . . ■
agreement was Rctual \wiYk ol onstruction was begun,
'"'"'e. ,ynA thoy agreed, if the Government of
tV'iiv'a were afraid that at the end of
t ai-s the land would be gone, to
re n it. That was all the Govern-
ment wished.and, thercfore,thej* agreed
to that arrangementrj"
Hon. Mr. Tu.'I'ER said that he hoped
that the Firsi Minister having taken
the legal opinion of the gentleman of
his own selection, he would now abide
by that opinion. He was glad to have
that point disposed of, because it was
Tupper'n assis- ' important. Ho was disposed to do
IXU^^e's" anything towards assisting the First
Sir Johni Minister to carry out in good faith the
speec 35- ^engagement of this oountry. But apart
from all that he contended that the
actual pi'r)grcss of the woi'k would be
advanced by the Government spending
the whole of the ensuing season ip
{)rocuring an exhaustive survey of the
ine. No man, wiio had the slightest
knowlcdi^o of railway construction,
■would (\K'.\\y that the utmost care
should be taken in the location of the
line, and even idler all the care that
could be lest-»wed upon it, it was
frequently founil that very large sums
of money could bo saved by making
cliaiiges in the location as the road
progressed. He hold that if this plan
was ailopted no time would be lost.
In the first place, if the Government
carried out their own plan, tenders
would have to bo asked for. Now, as
this work was ;{,000 miles away from
hea-
Tupper
Wallace (Norfolk)
White
Wright (OtUwa).— 64.
Applebj
Ayimer
Nats:
Messieurs
Eill&m
Kirk
* Sir John's prcdictioB accounts for throwing ont C. ft N. Bill ia Senate. See Tapper's Note to Campbell's,
page ;9- See Vole of ConiervBtiva in Senate defeating E. & N. Bill, pages 37, 38. See Votes on
Uiviaoa, page 35, and Third Reading, page 36.
36
Esquimau and
[SENATE.]
Bartlie
Bechard
Bertram
Biggar
Blackburn
Borden
Borron
Bowman
Brown
Bucll
Bunster
Burpee (St. John)
Cartwrigbt
Casey
(^asgrain
Gauchon
Church
Cockburn
Gushing
Davic3
DeCosmos
Dehii'me
De St George
UeVeber
LaflATnmc
Laird
Ijajoie
Landerkin
Langlo 8
Lau: ier
Maedoiiald fCornwall)
Macdoaald (Glengarry)
Macdougall (Elgin)
MacKay (Cape Breton)
JIuckenzie (Lambton)
McLennan
Mclntyre
McLeod
Jletcalf
Oliver
I'aterson
Pflletier
Perry
Pettcs
Poiiliot
Pozer
Robillard
Ross (Durham)
D^mond
Fiset
Fleming
Flynn
Forbes
Fournier
Frechette
Galhraith
Geoffriou
Gibson
Gillies
Gillmor
Higinbotham
Holton
Horton
Huntington
Irving
Jette
Jodoin
Kerr
Nanaimo Railway i
Rofs (Middlesex)
Ross (Prince Edward)
Scriver
Khibly
Smith (Selkirk)
Smith (Westmoreland)
Snider
Stirton
St. Jean
Taschereau
Thibiiudeau
Thompson (Cariboo)
Thonii)son (VVelland)
Tremblay
Trow
Vail
Wilkes
Wright (Pontiao)
Young.— 'Jl.
The Bill was then rend a tbiid time
and pas.std.*
Extracts /row/ the '^ Debates of the Senate of Canada, 2nd Session, Brd
Parliament, 1875," on the Esquimau and Nanaimo Railway.
E-.S: N. Bill.
I t^Asmt sugges-
ted E. & N.
I lection. See
'{ O. C. of 1873.
SENATE.
Tuesday, Gth April, 1875.
ESC^UIMALT AND XANALMO
EAILWAY.
IIoN. Ma. Scott (Pugo 738) moved
t'lo f^ccoiid reading of tlio JJill to
audioi'izo tliecon>id Session, ^rd
1 Railway.
[injr in British
been obliged to
ibly tbo time of
) railway. This
built unLicrterm.i
p Bill authorizing
Canadian Pacific
Bs and 810,000 a
r its construction,
per cent, on the
toiuier. In con-
[;nt having undcr-
in the construc-
vas impossible to
's and have the
tho meeting ot
imciit, thoref'oio,
;copt tenders and
after l\arl lament
^revcr, a provision
10 work was not
3xt year, the con-
ibmitted to the,
aid * * (Page
a treaty was the
n which this Bill,
^his railway was
Lord Oarnarvon'f
Novembei", stipn-
IS a year shoulil
,ea read a third tim'!
Esquimalt and
[April 6, ISIS.]
Nanaimo Railway. 3t
\)Q the minimum spent on the Pacific
;ai!way by Canada " from the time at
rhich the surveys arc sufficiently com-
jlctcd." The Government, certainly,
iad given no intimation of the arrival
)f that period. The expenditure of
these two millions, therefore, could not
be begun till the surveys were com-
loted.
Hon. Mr. Scott said the two millions
p'jrt the Bill. lie was one of those
who had votal for the admission of
British Columbia into the ConfeJer-
ation, on the terras of the construction
of a Pacific Railway. lie (Mr. Miller)
would not now discuss the wisdom or
unwis;(lom of the terms of admission
granted to the western Province, but
ho did not admit that the Pacific Rail-
wa}' was a purely British Columbian
affair. It was a national nndertalving
n the main land were entirely over^t-j„ ^^.{^j^.}^ j^jj^, ^^.j^qI^ Dominion, from
»nd beyond the Island obligation. " -
;|«
Hon. Mr. Letellier de St. Just
[Page 74G) said the Bill now before
the House had been .accepted by the
[Commons as one of those necessities
)equeathod this (Jovernmcnt by their
)roLlecessor8. When British Columbia
VM fltinoxed to this .Dominion it was
Diind necessary to enter into a treaty
by which wo bound ourselves within a
certain time to build a railroad from
10 Pacific to connect with the railway
incs of the Dominion. But the works
rere not proceeded with according to
|,ho agreement, and the bargain was
sot kept with 13iitish Columbia'^l'Then
"lat Province had some reason to com-
jlain that we had not kept our part of
"lo obligations. They brought their
case before Lord Carnarvon, as the
Jritish Government liad been a party
the treaty, and they complained
pioy had not been fairly treated by
^anatla. In accordance with tho noble
jord wo took into consideration tho
trong claims of British Columbia, and
lis Bill was the result of the compro-
liso that had been offocted. •'• -^ -^
[Page 747). Wo were bound to show
"Jritish Columbia good faith, not in
carrying out tho original proposition,
?hich was out of the question, but tho
jrosent ono submitted in its place. Ho
ilumittcd the burden was a heavy one for
is to bear, but tho stipulations of tho
reaty must bo fulfilled. It was impos-
iblo for tho Government to submit
10 contract before next year ; therefore,
' Parliament insisted upon the contract
3iDg submitted, the work could not
gone on with by the time agreed
Hon. Mb. Miller wished to state
briefly tho reason why he would sup- | (Kingston),
Cape Breton to Vancouver Island, was
deeply concerned. Tho greater por-
tion of tho whole lino was necessary to
1 ho carrying out of their colonization
policy in tho great North -West Terri-
tory. But it wtu true British Columbia
had the greatest interest in tho Pacific
Bail way, which thoy found the}* were
now unabL to construct according toR-C just
,, ,„ I. IT • -ii ii i. T-« • crounds of com-
IhoToimspf Union with that Province, niaint against
and therefore' had a just ground oti*"""""""'
complaint against tho Lorainion. The
lijie of railway proposed by th?> Bill
was in satisfaction of the broach of the
original terms, and had been recom-
mended by the Imperial Government.
Was it wise in this ilouso to reject tho
compromise made under such circum-
stances ? He did not think it Avould
bo wise or policy to :
199,156 :i
290,87:t f.
24G,7C9 1
Total $1,270,892
The amount expended in Britistl
Columbia :
From beginning to June 30, 1872
•' June 30, 1872 to June 30,18(3
II II 1873 " '• 1874
li ;;
290,873 f.>
24G,7G9 1
.$1,27G,892
ndod in Brili^
30, 1872
le 30,18(3
'• 1874
" 1875
31, 1676
1296,302
215,850 ;■■
111,00;^ 5;'
183,650 «■
204,137 ft
ture west
tains, of..f 1,010,016 3;
on Sur-
le line $2,286,907 >
ime of Ur. McMaster
that the survey of the GOO or 700
liles west of the Kocky Mountains
st within iv quarter of a million of
|e entire amount expended from these
mntains to Lake Nipissing. -'^ '-'^ ^-
Hgo 983.) If British Celumbia were
act with consideration for national
Itorosts with regard to the obligations
sumed by the Dominion at the time
[ the Union, it undoubtedly would be
policy any Administration would
)k to carry out to examine the conn-
more thoroughly before action.
;f the hon. gentleman.
e trusted that the hon, members
r Biitish Columbia and elsowhere,
nd tho country at large, would
oroughly appreciate the declaration
hiohthehon. member had made in his
eniug remarks, and which they were
assume, unless it was repudiated,
as endorsed by those whom tho hon.
ember frequently led in the Hou.se,
' for whom the hon. member was an
live and energetic spoke.sman. The
hon. gentleman, on behalf of his lato
colleagues, stated that, in connection
with their obligations to British Colum-
bia, they wore abh')iutely controlled by '
tho resolution which had so frociucntly '
been referred to. H© trusted the
country would now understand whaicommerfciuin
was alleged by the hon. gentleman— '^"^ >«»"•
that tho.se were tho terms comprised in
the article'* of Union providing for tho
commencement of this railway within
a period of two year^, and its comple-
tiou within ton years; if thoy had
found it impossible to do so without
incroasini; the taxation of tho country,
they would not have been under any
obligation whatever to British Colum-
b'a to build a mile of this road. This,
at present, was tho statement of the
hon. gentleman. He knew that tho
hon. gentleman had previously made
the declaration in tho country, but this
was tho first time when this interpre-
tation had boon made in the House by
a gentleman occupying his prominent
position in his party. With this he
would contrast a statement made by
the hon. gentleman's leader on the
occasion of tho general elections of
1S74, when tho right hon. gentleman
addros-^el his constituents wiih refer-
ence to a declaration ^nado by his hon.
.friend (Mr. Mackonzio) to the electors
of Sarnia regarding the Terms of Union,
to the oft'oot that tho compact made
with tho lato Government was impos-
sible of fulfillment, and that .• 43-
llicn allii'loil tf» llioariaiiijctiiciils mado
with 13iiti,-li (,'oltiinlii:i, which ho qiiali-
fii'il ill another louo this evotiiri'^". The
hon. ^'ciilloman now hold that the
arrangements made with Lord Cai-nar-
von were onoron-i
extravagant
aiKl
improvident, ai 1 timt tlio contracl
made with the Imperial Govornment
largely increased the luirdens of the
country as they existed under the terms
in question. On page 614 of the Hna-
san' would bo found tboHO remarks,
niado by the hon. uontlomau :
"Hut, Sir, the fiict tlint the engagements
which the Fi st Minister has just gtated were
entered into with Uritii^li Columbia durin); the
past season, sets at rest forever any question as
to whether we are in ii position tliat would
allow to di.!ibt and la-.-^ltatc a single instant
what course t« pursue. I am not going to call
in question the piopriety of this engagement
lor a moment."
Onerous, extravagant and improvident,
and unnecessarily and largely increas-
ing the burdens of the country, as the
hon gentleman now hold should be.
The hon. gentleman continued :
e
"I feel that the Ministry of the day ar-
erttitli'd to tlie supjiort of this House, and es^wci
aliy the gentlemen who sit on the Opjjosition
benches, ia any nieasuie wliirh is required to
carry out tlie pledge— in'i-iiaps a somewhat im-
prudent pledge -that was given by their prcdo-
ceSb'ors in relation to this great work ; and I feel
they may look with confidence to this side of the
House tor the most energetic support of the
measMir^ they have taken — I believe wisely
taken— lor the reUeniptiou of that pledge."
He (Mr. Biake) had not occupied the
position of an ontliuxiastic admirer of
the Carnarvon Terms at that time,
although a devoted follower of his hon.
friend the Premier; he had never
hesitated to say so, but the position
taken by the hon, member for Cumber-
land then did not agree with the
position ho took to day. While dealing
with the question of past and present
utterances, he would make another
elegant e.xtiact from the utterances of
the hon. mombor upon the second read-
ing of the Bill touching the Carnarvon
conditions. A motion was made by an
hon. gentleman who sat behind the
hon. member for Cumberland, that the
Bill phould not be read the second time
that day, tut that it bo i-ead the second
time that day three months; the hon.
gentleman and his leador voted against
that motion, and for the second reading.
Hon Mr. Blake
Immodiiiloly ai'torwaids the hon. mem-
bin* lor ('imibcrlaiidsald :
"That nltliouffii this road from II-Kiuimalt to
.Naiiniiiio wiiiJ oiitsiilo the obligatiiui-i entered
into by tliu iale (Jovernment witli Uriiish Col-
umbia, ho regarded it as an effort made in good
faith to arrange for the r('dem]itioii, as far as
possible, of pledges made with IJritish (."oliimbia,
and such being the case, lie felt obliged to give
what 8U(iport he could towardr' carrying out
those arrangements."
The hon. mombov fov ^'nniborland then
stated that the iinu i; o-; wisely taken
by his hon, friend the rrcmier, received
his hearty and energetic support, and
. ere entitled to receive such from hiH
friends; nevertheless, the groat mass
of the hon. gentleman's supporters
voted against the Bill. lie (Mr. Blake)
had no doubt that the hon. members
from Kingston and Cumberland did all
in their power to secure a contrary re-
sult ; after their public declarations,
this was their duty, and their situation
was indeed painful. He was, however,
obliged to hold the hon. gentlemen on
the other side of the House respom-ible
for the loss of the Bill, because their
friends in the S ""ate voted against it,
with one or tw^ tiemen who usually
supported the nmeut. The hon.
gentlemen wert> in some ombarrass-
fjient in dealing with the question of
thecoiistruction of this railway, owing
to divisions in their lanks; and the
opinion of the right hon member for
Kingston was known to bo directly
oppo>>ito to that held by the hon. mem-
ber for Cumberland. The right hon.
member fur Kingston had publicly de-
clared that ho always thought that the
road might be constructed and oper-
ated as a Government work ; and that
advantage had been taken by his
absence at Washington on public busi-
ness, to introduce a contrary provision.
The hon. gentleman stated that the mis-
sion of Mr. Edgar to British Columbia
had relation to an additional charge
upon the people of this country with
reference to the proposal to build the
Nanaimo and Esqulmalt Railway, and
also that the Government had the
power by an Order in Council to fix
the terminus at Esquimalt. Was there
then an additional burden proposed ?
No: they stated that under the terms
of Union the railway was not proposed
to be carried beyond the bounds of the
Pacific, and he said so still; but the
■M
licay.
tlio lion, mom-
roiii r)-ir|uiiiialt tf»
jlijjliitiiiiis entered
witli lliiiish Uol-
Fut't iiiiidt; ill good
inptioii, as far as
Britisli ('oliinibia,
lit oblif^ud to give
irdr" ciuryiiifl; out
niboi-land then
^ wisely taken
)mior,rocoived
2 support, and
HUcli fi-nin hiH
ho groat mass
n'a HupporterH
lo (Mr. Blake)
hon. memberK
iborland did all
a contrary re-
B declarations,
their .situation
) was, however,
. gentlemen on
use responi-ible
, because their
itcd against it,
en who usually
cut. The hon.
tno embarrass-
hc question of
ail way, owing
anks ; and the
n member for
to bo directly
the hon. mem-
'he right hon.
ad publicly de-
ought that the
Died and oper-
^ork ; and that
taken by his
on public busi-
,rary provision,
od that the mis-
itish Columbia
litional charge
country with
al to build the
t Railway, and
mont had the
Council to fix
lit. Was there
don proposed ?
nder the terms
IS not proposed
e bounds of the
still ; but the
Pacific liaitway.
fMAHCii 31, 18T(i.]
Pacific Jiuiluay. 43
i)olicy of the lato (ravernmi-nt was to
go beyond the Pacific seaboard. Their
]>olicy was to go to Esquimalt, and it
Avas uanoccssary to consider what
patriotic motives dictated that policy,
what was the t^ituation of members iu
the House, and what amount of press-
ure was brought to boar from British
Columbia. It was surely extreme
audacity for the hon. gentleman who
deliberately added this to the other
obligations of the country, to complain
because a pai't only of that which he
endeavorea to engraft upon the arrange-
ments was pi'oposed to the British Col-
umbians with a view of getting some
relaxation of the other too tightly
arranged Terms of the Union. The
hon. gentleman answered that very
easily by saying that the pledge to the
Province was of no consequence at all.
The position assumed was that to con-
struct the road by the Government was
a ruinous undertaking, but it would bo
profitable for a company. * * *
(Page 999.) Then it was alleged that
the arrangements made with Lord
Carnarvon were extravagant. As to
some provisions of that arrangement
every one knew his opinion; bethought
I it an imprudently liberal bargain. The
hon. member for Cumberland was in
favor of the agreement last Session be-
cause he thought it wise, and now he
opposed it because he thought it fool-
ish. In their Minutes of the 20th De-
cember and the HUth March, the Gov-
ernment stated clearly and distinctly
what they thought that arrangement
to bo — that in their view, as negotia-
tors entrusted with executive powers,
they were not enabled without the
consent of Parliament to alter stip-
ulations, and they conceived that
the terms were based upon the
resolution that the taxation should not
be increased in the prosecution of the
work. Had it boon otherwise they
would have come to Parliament in
■order to obtain assent. This was the
! interpretation they gave to the Car-
narvon Terms, and upon which they
Kvere prepared to act, as clearly stated
in the pipers, which had not, to his
mmd, been satisfactorily impugned.
The hon. gentleman complained that
[the Minute of 20th September wa-t
'withheld until after the general elec-
tion. The papers brought down staled
the facts on this point, which it was
unnecessary to loproducc. It would
be unworthy of the (iovornniont to
answer such a statement us that mode
by the hon. member. The hon. mem-
ber, if he held that view, should for-
mulate his charge in a proper way,
and not bring it up in debate at 2
o'clock in the morning. If they had
boon guilty of the allegeJ otfence, let
tliom receive the punishment which,
undo;- the circumstances, would be duo
to tliem. What was the policy of tho
Opposition as the hon. gentleman pro-
pounded it ? Fir jt of all to affirm
there never was a contract with British
Columbia which bound this country to
build a mile of railway, un'ess by a
private company on the specified terms
of $30,000,000 and 50,000,000 acres of
land. They had made no bid for the
support of the British Columbia mem-
bers They had been longing to do
their duty to the Province and fulfill
their pledges. Their view of tho reso-
lution was that, although it was not
inserted in the contract, it had the
same binding force as if it had been
inserted. Ho had always stated that
the country was committed to the con-
struction of the road ; but the Terms
of Union did not imply that they
should drag the country into ruin, and
the Government would not do that.
No power should induce them to bring
down any proposition they conceived
the country was incapable of bearing.
But at the satne time they would do
what they could.
Hon. Mr. Tupper * * =1^ (Page
1000.) He pioceeded to condemn the
Government for taking the work into
their own hands after their accession to
power, and stated that he volod f<)r the
first reading of the Es'iuiraalt and
Nanaimo Railway because he was
satisfied the work would be put up to
competition; but when thoy found Tupper defend
tho Goveininent were going to assumell;f^''ff'",^°f
all the p!>wor of makmg the con tracts Ji'H. Secpp
for the ronstrnction of the road, t hey^'' *'' *'•
claimed they were entitled to use all
their influence in order to defeat tho ,
Bill * * * If the people
of British Columbia were t'ver to have;
a railway connection with Etstern
Canada they must get it by the means
provided by the late Administration,
41
Pacific Rail'vai/.
[COMMONS.]
racifi*' Railway.
^i:*"!;-?
and liy Iho people of tlila cour.try
bringing back into power men who
had t'onfidenco in securing the succcas
oi'tho grcatundertaking.
*
t/. ii
n
i"'.!
; HOUSE OF COMMONS.
Wednesday, 5th April, 18TG.
The Speaker took the Chair at
Three o'elock,
PACrriC RAILWAY.
i Mil. MA8S0N (Pago 10(51) said British
Goliimbiu had another reason to dip-
E.&N.sectiontrust tho Government owing to the act
part of c p. R. of (he onvov. The hon. member for
Yale said they had never droameti oi"
tho Nanaimo and Esquimalt lino being
part of tho Pacific Railway. Any
pertion who read the letter of Mr.
Edgar to Mr. Walkem, which ox-
prcs^ed tho real wishes of tho Grov-
ernment, would have no diffieully in
coming to tho conclusion that it was
inten('jd that that lino should boa por-
tion of tho Pacilic* In that letter the
following passage occurred: —
way, Kdgivr s' " ''celin^ the inipossibilitv of complying with
proposal, pas* the time limited for cotiniletiuii. the" Govern-
i6o. Railway meiit is jiicpared to make ii- w stijmhitions and
aih'*?!!',.'^''''' *'' '^"^*^'" """ addilionul obliRatioti' of a definite
tharacter, tor tlie benefit of the Province. Tliey
i f.roi CSC to commence coriRtnietion from F!soiii-
inalt to Xanaimo immcdiiitely, U'kI to push that
port on on to completion with tlie utmost vigor
and in the sliortest practicable time."
Whiit was that a per! ion of, if not a
< portion of the Paoilic Jiiiilw ly 'C
Hon. Mr. Mackknzie. It moans a
portion of iho E^quiniak and Nanaimo.
Mr. Ma. twelve associate-, tiny boinid them-
selves to^ive the compiiny S .Oj()(MI,000
and 50,t)0(t (i(»(l aci e-cf utinl loeonstruct
a r.ulway fioni L;'Ke Nipi^'^ing to
Esquimait, belwri'it wiiit li poinis lay
tho route o[' the Haciti.^ Ituiiwaylt If
reference wa.» made i<> fbe Act ihey
passed incorptirating cenaih ( ouipanieH
during that year it would be heen that
they were in (ended to lidld laiiways
• Ti«atv. ** Treaty. .
t Railway » necessity required by treaty obligations. .
\ AlUnbiundtoconstruclCP.R.. B.4Uim»lno Nipissmg.
Padfic Raihcay,
[April 5, 18'76.]
Pacific Raihcay.
45
jfrom Lfikc Nipissing to tho Pacific
! Ocean, with power of extension to
Etiquimalr, aiul of building besides
branch linen. Tiic portion*bf tho lino
from tlio inner waters of British Col-
umbia tu Esquimau was not considered,
and wii^ not treated in tlicso Acts as a
branch, l)iit as an extension and a
portion of tho railway. Ho would go
further — and these were matters of
f|fact and history. When tho (Jovern-
' ment of vvliich ho Avas a member was
called upon in this House by tho
I present member for Victoria, to state
whether we had determined upon tho
'^wostern terminus of tho line, ho was
instructed by tho Cabinet to nnnoimco
— as ho did do openly— that they in-
tended to make Ksciuimalt tho terminus.
Moreover, an Order in Council was
passed to that ell'ect and in the corres-
pondence laid the other day before the
House, it was so stated in a Minute of
Council of the present (rovernment.
When ihe question came up under tho
prohcnt Administration, if he was not
mistaken, tho same course was followed.
It was necessary at this stage to i-ofcr
(,0 a report of a Committee of tho Hon-
orable the I'rivy Council, dated the
20th of September, 1875, wiierein it
was stated :
"The iM'oposed niilway from Dsqiiimult to
Xaiiainio does not forin n, portion of the C'atia-
• dinn I'a<'ilio IJailway as di'fincd hy the Artt it
was intended to benefit local intei-'ests, and was
proiiosod as conipcnsatioa for tlie disappointment
experienced by the unavoidable delay in eon-
•tructing tlic railway across the continent."
Tin's did^iot apply to tho late Govern-
ment, bcl'ause in their time no such
disappointment was experienced. 'J hoy
hud begun to put tho Act into eH'ect,
and, tlierefore, no compensation was
required; thisonly occurred aflei'V'i;';ds.
liovertheless, on tho 25th of Murch,
1875, tho present Ministry requf'hied tho
Local Uovernmenttogranta boll of land
between Esquimalt and Xanaimo for
tho construction of a railroad, eviaently
considering that this was a portion of
the Pacitic liailwav. To obtain all tho
advantages poss bio from this lino, it
must noi Lo arrested at tho Pacific
coast. It was said one of the two lines
mentioned by tho hon. member for
'Yalo must be selected — either tho lino
to Bute Inlet or tho line to Burrard
Tnlet. The hon. gentleman considered
that if tho railway ran to But© Inlet,
Esquiroalt tection ia Ralli
tho Nanaimo and Esquimalt line must'
bo constructed ; but that if it ran to'
Bunard Inlet no such necessity would'
exist. He difFored with tl o hon.
gentleman regtuding this important
point, but ho would not take this
position had ho not visited tho Province.
If the railway ran to Bute Inlet, the
line to Esquimalt on the Island must
be built, and, if po.ssiblo, the narrow.s
should also bo bridged. If this, how-
ever, cost too much, or if it could not
bo done, a s^eam ferry, as at New York, steam tcny.
mu.st bo established. Tho railway on
the Island would bo necessary, bocau.so
if tho lino was stopped at Bulo Inlet,
as tho terminus, tho trade of tho east
could not bo secured. Wo n\ust com-
jicte with the Americans at their own
doors; Bute Inlet was toa far distant
from the point tho trade of tho Pacific
and of the east would reach, as it would
pass by tho Straits of Knca ; but if tho
course he urged was not followed, wo
must be content with tho local tiatlic of
our own Provinces. War with tho ivar
United States was a (ontingency
which, of course, must bo taken into
account, and, in this event, the Straits
of Fuca and the harbour of I'lsfjuimalt
would bo inaccessible tons, but Baiclay
Sound being a harbour directly' on tho
Pacitic Ocean, could be kept open by
tho fleets of kiiglaiid, enabling us to
defy any attempts the Americans might
make against the terminus of our rail-
way there. If this was fix<'d at Bute
Inlet we could not secure th'^ trade of
tho Pacific Ocean, because it woidd jiass
by tho American s(und, and ships
would not go around to Vancouver
Island by the Straitsof (leorgia to Bute
Inlet, but to the nt )sl direct harbour,
whicli was in the hands of the
Americans. (?) Then with regaid to
the railway coming tri>m Bute Inlet to
Burrard Inlet. Tho latloi, as the hon.
member for Yale has said, was u
magnificent harbour, but tlioio wr
would have tho f-anie dilUcultie* a-i at
Esquimalt, and for this reason : It there
was a war with America our vesseU
could not reach iJurrard Inlet wilhout
passing un(ier tho guns of San Juan
Island. We could not o>cape that
position, and we ought to try and avoid
naving our trade de4r(>\ed for a wholo
year. The true policy was fir>t to
place the terminus where wo could
46
Pacific Railway.
[COMMONS.]
Pacific Raihcay,
ea.'^ily reach (ho trade of the cast and
compete Avith tho Americans, and not
bo afraid of its interruption in tho con-
tingency of a war with tho United
Stai/CP. Ba^iidefi, if wo bad tho terminus
at Bute or JJurrai-d Inlet wo wonld in-
crease the insurance and tho time
required for the trip from tho east. Ho
still adhered to the opinion that it was
T rminus ^ noccssity of ouf posltlon that tho
Esquimuit "Pacific Railwavho built not only to Bute
cnahkclnadnnlot but On thc inland to Barclay Sound
to compete '>nd Esquimalt, At tho latter place
,ith the states,^ could compoto with the Americans
Tin times of peace. If it should be
I determined that the road must come to
I Burrard instead of Bute Inlet, we would
Ferry to Nai^^^e to ferry across to Nanaimo, Xvbich
with British Columbia; it was our duty
now to stand faithfully up to tho en-
gagement wo made. * * i*
rould
i Lanifevin's
' opinion of
Ksquimalt
«5 terminus.
'H'^i
occupy one hour and a half.
* (Page 1072.) The plan he
had suggested he considered was the one
that wai best in tho interests of the
Dominion. They were bound to build
the road to Esquiraalt on the west,
which was the terminus fixed upon at
itho time, he would go further and
say that they were boundfbf necessity
to build it to that point in order to
compete successfully with the Ameri-
can railway for the trade of the east.
Hon. Mr. CauchonJ^* =1= * (Pago
1077.) The argument to-night was
that the Government could not do
what it was not claimed the
late Administration could have done.
This was not the time to consider
whether we had gained by the Union
Friday, Vh April, 1876.
PACIFIC EAILWAY. "
IIoN. Mr. Popfi (Page 1136) was
understood to say he would not vote
for a resolutioff*which would place tho
Government in such a position that
they could say to Lord Carnarvon,
after failing to build the road: "We
were anxious to comply with our agree-
ment, but we have had this resolution
of Parliament staring us in the face."
The Ministry had put forward one of
their own foUowerstto shelter them
from the consequences of their own
ageement with British Columbia and
the Imperial Government.
Monday, 10th April, 1876.
RAILWAY LANDS IN VANCOU-
VER ISLAND.
Mr. DeCosmos (Page 1161) asked:
Do the Government intend to surrender
to British Columbia the belt of land
reserved for railway purposes on Van-
couver Island, or do they intend to
perfect their title and offer tho same
for sale in conformity with tho Domi-
nion Lands Act ?
Hon. Mr. Mackenzie. We do not
pretend to have any claim to the land.
Extract /ro»« the Toronto "Mail^s" Report of Parliamentary Prc^eedings
of April 1st, 1876, and loMcIi appeared on Monday, April Zrd, 1876.
Mr. Laird said the Government
had no land in Vancouver Island for
railway purposes.
Mr. Mackenzie said that the land
which was locked up there had boon
released by tho lapsing'fef the arrange-
ment with regard to the construction of
the Nanaimo and Esquimau Eailway.
DOMINION RAILWAY LANDS.
Mr. Bunstkr asked if this Bill was
to apply to British Columbia. Large
quantities of valuable land had been
locked up on Vancouver Island from
Esquimau to Seymour Narrows ?
Extract /row //y the Government of tlie
^Dominion to satisfy tlio people of that Province
Sthat faith ■would be kept wiiff them; Iiut this
House regrets to find tliat whilst incurring, or
ready to incur,imiuediate expenditures of several
millions of dollars not needed, or of doubtful
utility, the (Jovernnient has failed to jjrocced
vigorously with the construction of our great
national inter-oceanic railway, which is so
essential to the material advancenic of all the
Provinces of the Dominion, a.s wi as to tlie
early consolidatioa of political and swcini uninii
among the whole people.
Ho Haid =!= "= * A delegation
carao to Ottawa, and the conditions
upon which that Province would be-
come a part of the Dominion were laid
before the Government. These con-
ditions were then submittcl to a Com-
mittee of the Privy Council, consisting
of Sir George (Jarlier, Sir Francis
Hincks and Hon. Mr. Til ley, on tho
part of tho Canadian (liovernment, and
the three delegates— the present Gov-
ernor of Hritish Columbia, Dr.
Holmcken, and himself (Mr. Carrall).
* * *
Hon. Mr. Cornwall. * * *
(Page 161.) And whilo I am on
this subject, I wish " to refer to
some remarks on this matter whiob
fell from the lion, the Secretary
of State a few days einco in this
• Public momy wm divwttd to canals.
House, when a discussion was going,
on about tho steel rails. Tho hon.|
gentleman explained that the Esqui-
malt and Nanaimo Railway was
brought down last year by the Govern-
ment to enable them to cany out
certain arrangements into which they
had entered with the Government of
Hritish Columbia, under tho aiispicoa
of, and through the intervention of
Lord Carnarvon , and the hon. gentle-
man proceeded to express his surprise
that under these circumstances the
Senate should have thought it right to
defeat tho passage of the Bill . So far,
hon. gentlemen, I agree with the hon.
the Secretary of State, and I may be Surprised at
allowed to express my surprise that "*'"'
tho Senate thought fit to adopt tho
course they did ; but I will go further
and express my most unqualified sur-
prise that any member of tho Govern- .^ ^ _^
^ 111. • I . I Did Govern-
ment should rise in his place anc—nt do aU
assert that tho Government did all inVtcouidt-H
their power to secure tho pas-sage of
that Bill. Why, hon. gentlemen, what
were the facts of the case: we: 9 they^
not patent to all ? The hon. member^
himself introduced the Bill in a verv
short, anil I will add, a very lam* ^g'^*«^r;!«Jd
speech, and having done so, the unit* duty on
fortunate Bill was left to take care Oi^^y uiii- ""
itself, to live or die on its own merits,
Avhilo no member of tho Government
or any supporter of the Government
had another word to say in its favor !
And what did ^. ■ see, hon. gentlemen,
Avhen the vote was taken upon the
Bill? Why, wo saw two prominent
supporters of the (iovernment, hon.
gentlemen ^vho are unswerving and
unwavering supporters of the Govern-
ment on all occasions — hon. membem _
who never before or after, either during
this or the pa.sl Session of Parliament,
have voted in .ni adverse way on any
Bill or motion in which the Govern-'
ment expressed an interest, we saw
those two hon. members rise in their Ji"J?auer
K laces and vote against tho Bill ! Now,
on. gentlemen, how can wo reconcile i
that fact with tho idea that tho Gov-
ernment did what they could in favor
of tho Bill? If tho Government had
hold out its little fingor in support of
/
48
I'iii'ifii' fuiilini^.
(SKNATK.J
PiU'i'iii' liiiiJtnvi.
,"4 N. nm M»t
ill iSfOf
I'M
it '1
MllUltP l^f
Voonoil,
S<>j>l,, iS;^,
ofl'oi ins
tutement.
Iho Hill, ii'llioy iiiitl nioroly \vliiH|uM»Ml
l<» (liriu (lio lu'ct'-'sily (horo was of
hiiijt|iorlii\jj llio Hill, ciin wo lor u
nuuiu'iil siijipo^o tliiil it would liiivo
nu't with llio liilo wliii-li it did? And
ii>v:iin, irilio (Jovoiiunoiit w«ir wish to pMHrt (Iml Mill lliTonj,'!!
i'arii;\ii\oiil, wliy win it mo roiidily
dro|)|n'd nl'tt'r its Itoiii^ dolojilotl in
I his llouNo by t\<,^ nun'ow a nwi
joiily? Why Hhould no( Iho
(iov«Miinu>n( hnvo hronf:;hl it up
this yo.'ir, and (•t)nio I'oiwanl and
said ; •' Tills Hill niiiNl pass; i( is (o on
al>U> MS (<) cany ont a oortain on^a^o-
nu'nt into which wo havo onloicd, and
w«» linnj;- it bol'oio you a/^ain, and you
nhali pa>'s il, or it' you wdl not wo fall
with il." I do not ^ay that that is a
likoly oo\n>i' (o hoatloptod hy tho (Jov-
orniniMii v\ iho day, hut 1 say that such
istlioiourso whii'h thoy should havo
j>ursuod had thoy wished to porsuadi>
us ot" their intoi^iity .and j^ood lailh.
Thon, a,i<;ain, to |uocood a littlo t'urlhoi',
what shall wo nay of a tiovornniont
whi'h couIrc«'ious Minulo of
(\>\nicil ot Scplouihcr 'Jdth, lS7r)? I
can only doscrdic t hat docun\«nt as luio \
lUvuv \\orlhy ot on' anal ion from tJio
t>lVuo of sonio low atloruo)- tlian Ironi
tho ollioo of tho ^invol'ouncil of Stale,
for it was a dot luncnt so purposely oh-
seuro and untranslatahlo, and so cap-
ahlo ol iliiVorcnt conslriu'tions hoiiij;
]mt upon it, th.at even oiu> of the ]n'in-
cipal su)^po\tors ot tho (Jovorinnont
anions;- llie ]^.o^s o\^ tho country, tho
_i;reat (Uohc newspaper of Toronto,
^i^avo if one ox]>lanation one n\ornin;^,
and the next wasoMiijod to oat its own
wonls, ;ind ^ay that it meant exactly
tho opposite ! Thou, to eonio nearer
tho jM'osont time, let nio niontitui tho
very last Minute o'C Council which has
Mvii the li,i;lit, that ot the KUh of this
Jiionth. 1 iK> not know whetlior all
hon. nuMuKrshavo soon that Minute,
or whollier, at all ovonts, thoy havo
road it with attention, but I can only
eharaetorizo it as a docuniont rcmarU-
ahlo for Iho wordy special pleading
contained ia it, not tho grave, concili-
atory and kindly Minute which one
would expect to lind nddresseil by tho
supreme power of tho State to one of
its component part8,to a Provinco under
its OTTD care, but rather tho work of a
Hon. Mr. Cornwall.
lawyer Iryin^r to uudio thoinoKl nf n |i»d
ca^o, ol an advocnio li;;hlin,<^ a nialt«ir
lo tho hitloi' end with hi« opponent,
and ihis docuinoni at its end, Ihniwiiij^
io Iho winds all ar^nnu liino thai will
liost suit her." Thai, hon. /.^cnthiiMUi,
is (Ih> 1,'isI Hir.MW in tho wtssions ninsi raise (ho ire of IJrilish
('oluinhians Iroiu on(^ end of lh(< I'ro-
vint'o to Iho other, and may le.id lo
•"onsoipuMU'cH which n\\\ ililUcidl. to
I'orcsoe, imd whi«'h ni» onr would I'o-
^i;ret nu»ro than myself. I now wish
to say a tow^ words in Imhalf of HritiHh
('olnmhiii. I think ovory one ninsl hc«
that Jh'ilish ('ohimhia Icim hceii h.Milly
Iro.atod. I know that she thinks so
hors(>ll ; hut wh.'U. has .Munoycil hor
inoro Ihiin anythin;x olso is llntt'anada
aiid hor rulers, duriui; tho past three
years, havo heen unromittinj:;ly on!.!;;i!j;od
in the occupation of (hrowinic rins of llnion.y \Vlii>novor
and hy whoiHsoevor tho n\atlor is dis-
cussed, it has always lietMi with tho
view ol lindiii^ reasons wliy Iho work
should not p) on. Always, instead of
avowini;; jin intontioii of doiiijjf tho host
under tho t'irciimsliuicos, the ('anadian
tlovornmont, press and people, with
hut \\>\\' exceptions, ! ;ivo hceii so.irch-
iim^ lor rc.'isons how not to do that to
wiiich thoy aro solemnly houcd; and
it is that, and that alone which Ins ox-
asporatod tho people of the Weslerii
I'rovinco. I f Canada had .always shown
the inclination to do the host she could,
to uo heart and soul into the work ho-
foro her, and to porsevoro to tho ond,
thoro would novor havo boon a ly diw-
oontont on tho iiart of Hrilish I'olum-
hia ; but, on tho oonlrary, she would
havo boon ready to meet the l)()minion
half way, and losi^n for tho present
her own good for tho gcnoial .'idvan-
tago of tho country, l.s it n wonder,
hon. gentlemen, that, under such cir-
cumstances as I havo described, UritiBh
Columbia should feel soro and dis-
gusted ? Is it a wonder that those
feelings, should find expression, and
that thoro aro ovon not u low who daro
• CanaiLi propMct to So iw ske plemscs r— ignoKt Wrms of Union »nd Carnarvaff T«rn»
t Go«nimeiu alwa%-« obstructi»e
• i
'^
li.iiUr
it II.
Vitrifw lutiiuHty.
[Maiicii 3n, 187<;,]
Paripi- Hiiilwiiij.
49
(llOlllOhl oCii IiikI
(iK'i'ii'K " iiiiiKor
itii lii* <'|i|i(iiii>iii|
ilH oinl, llirinvii(;f
Minil iiimI nil olili^
f;l"7"AII tlin( i-y.
iiiini) lo do js I,,
i ol Uliioii will)
1 1)0 wiiy lliivl will
llio liiiu> lliiil will
, lioii. ji,;«Mi(l( limn,
lio W( Would I'O-
'ir. I now wisli
iioliaH'ot' KrillHli
.•cry <»iit> imiMt NCft
1 li'iM l)(«(>ii li.'idly
l(. nIiC (llilll;id o(
)r(loiti!^ tlio |(oh(,
S tlio ('jiiitidiiui
I pooplt*, Willi
vo lu'i'ii 1^0,1 roll-
I (<• do IIkiI, to
ly l>o-ii;d ; iind
i> widi'li Ins ox-
■^\' Ihn WcsliM-ii
l.'ilwiiysHliowji
l>os| hIio could,
() llio woilv l»o-
010 (o (ho Olid,
vi boon :iiy cIIh-
Hiilish Coliim-
.'iry, slu> wofdd
1 tlio l)()miiuoii
or tlio prcsoiit
ffoiioial advnn-
H it u wondor,
uidci- such cir-
acribod, BritiBh
soro and dis-
Icr that those
sprcssion, and
I low Nvho daro
ulii^por tlio word " wcoHHioii." Ifiil, I
for Olio, iiovor tliiiilc lliul. llio niattiir
■will coiho to Hiicli II pa'-H !is that last
.^AVord Hii^'tCO'^lM. II 'lovo that 01(1 loTi;^
•iCaiuida will a valvo lo tlio i^xif^oricy of
Itho iiinmont; that Iho pcoplo will v'mi
fin (lifir Hlron)L/;lli, iind at no diMtatil
' liiiio, will, with ori(i Hiiproiiio (^H'ort,
throsv fi'oiii tlioin llio inciibiiH which
'now wcij'li^^ down and opprcsHCH tlioin
in Iho nhapo of Iho pn^Hont Miiiistrv,
ami llial llioy will iIkmi tako the inallor
inlollioir haiidH, and sco that Iho'l'ormM
ol' lliiioii with I'oitiHh Cidinnliia aro
Tilcarriod out. (Ian oiioliiil to tliinU biit
[that ovcry Oaiiailian w proud ol' llio
;;^'i:iiid coii'iilry which ho (talln his own,
4)1' u coiinliy Htrohdiin;^ Troni (ho
_Allunlio on Olio Hid«) to llio I'acilic. on
I the oilier, acroHS Iho wido oxpaiiso of
I lhi« nia;L;iii(ici)iit, conliiMMit '( y\iid can
lone helievo any ( 'anadiaii no iiieaii and
1 conlcmp;il>lo as not lo strain every (Wi-
hleavor to proHorvo tho inviolability ol'
; tlial lair domain, and ol" Iho iiilierilaneo
I ■which Iio hopes lo boijiioalh to his
'chiidi'en. * ■'^ '••
Wrbu'Mhuj, 'llwl March, IHTt!.
lIoN. Mil. .Ma(!I'IIKI«HO,V. '■'<• ■* i-
(l'a;;-e XIH.) It was not very lon;^
since llio lion, gontloinair'^ waH not a
very hard and last siipporlor ol (Jio
(iovoiiimenl. 'I'lioy all ronMunbercd
when the I'-sipiiiiiali, acd Naninio iiail-
way Hill cjiino up last .Session, it was
duo to llio loss ol his vote in siipjiort
ol'diat measuro that tho l^ill to wlii(li
they wore specially cointnitled, not
only lioio but in IOiiu;land, was lost.
It was (piito (rue (hat tho lion. iu;ontlo-
man's naino did not appear in tho
division list as imltlishod, and ho did
not know how tlint occui-rcd ; it was
ouo of those things that ought not to
bo, and it ought to bo onqnirod into.
Thoy all know that tho lion, gcntlo-
inan voted against tho Jiill, and his
name should Lave appeared in tlio
division list.-f * -'= *
Thursday, 30th March, 187G.
Hon. Mr, Carhall. (Pago 233.)
Will tho hon. Secretary of State
undertake to any what the exact moan-
* Jur. Macmaiter.
ing of tlio Miriulo in Couicil was whoti
they undo that oll'tn* »d f7.Vt.000 ; whm
it for dm relimiuisliinent of (ho mil-
way 'f
Won. Mk. .Scoxr, I will toll my
hon. friend it was bonottly inlonloduw
comp Mis/ilion for Iho defeat of tho
hiHipiimalt and Nanainio Hill in thiH
iloiiso.
Hon. .Mil. C,\\i\iA\.\.. And not for/
delays wliicli might occur, '
Hon, Mil. S(!orr said it was not.
Tho (iovernnient would build the road
just HO soon as Iho circiinislanceH of
tho country would warrant it. Tho
hon. geiideiiiari had only to lo'ik at tho
c()rrespond(;iice, an I be would hcc. that
no other possible c,onclusi',n could bo , j^. . ,^ ,^^_
arrived at. In tho fust place thirt «ieci«re'im>»ri
l''s(|iiitiialt and Nanaiino i^'*'i^w:*y v/nn 'j^.^lj^J'^^^',
oU'en^c^tii-t o,oni|)(!nMation lor (!ie-amo con-
cliiHion,
Hon. Mil. iSooTT said the Toronu>
(ihttfiilhl not sjicak the (■oiilimciits of
tho (rovoininont, and tho fiovernmont
did not consult it in jiassirig their
Orders in (Jouncil. Tlio dospaich to
Ijord (Jartiarvon, of tlie 17 lb Sep-
tember, I 874, says :
" It. ia propiT to notire nerinlim, tlin spveral
(^roiiiiilH ofc.oniplaint as Htutcd in tin; 'leHiiatoh :
" Ist. Timt iiotliiiiK i.^ tuiiim ilonc hy the geeO. C,
Dominion (lovuriiuiwnt tovnr'lH '■oinmcricirig 1873, p- »73
and pu.shing on a railway from I';sf|uimult to
D
ai
Nanaimo
The Dominion has no cngagn and Carnarvajgi Twink
• Ca».e of loss of E. and N. Bill. t Why dW It nol T afterward* pat in. Sec note page 36.
I- What are Carnarvon terips If not engagement! •• " From "and not "ta" ieetermiol Union 1871.
wm
1
no
f\h'iri<' lfu/.
(MKNA'PI'', )
l\irilii' Ifilihcif/.
««v»
l\on. iM'Kllonu'n \vi>ulil lio |ir(\\\\\\ lliiil
\\\ \\W Hill ol ImhI VlMll', IMHI ill llllll
tluMO wiiH iii> roloiiMin* lo IIh l>t>iii/:i;
jxiil ol' llu' riit'ilio l»iiil\viiy. Hill llio
\um. ivtMilliMiiini w 111 > Nil I III llio Coiiiii'il
nOtllti ill lIlO ItllO ()(»V01llllHMll (Mv.
Ailvilis) will) t fi«Mitl(M«mi
\vli«> proposinl (.< ",iv« ll>(> NJs ini»n(|i('
lioisi \o (Ills H,ll Ills! your, on llio
tfi\>nml tliht i( wiH simply li loviil roml.
On (lull oooMsion Ih> linil HHid :
"■ 1!\ llio i>(in i-*ioi\M 111 llio ii|iwi-n( Hill, not
Oiilx \Mi!i till' ('iinmlimi I'lirili.' In In' Imill, Iml
ill (Mili'i li> iill'iv ll\i< ilisJi'oiitciil ill Hiitiuli
rolniuMii, in I'onsi'nin'iu'i' ol lln> (iiiM'iniin'iil
l\\>l rvMlip'l'lillH lIlO I'MIUIlill Willi il, lIll'V MllW
]ln^llOst'v^ to I'HiliI ':i\t\ iiiiU's oliriiUMiv on Hull
isl.-uiil, t''>i llii'liHi'lvcx, ronninjt ini pml «>!' Ilii'
Vniilii' KiiihMiN III', t'vn iiiii', wtnilil not ol'ji'il
to till' liiU, (nil It «u!> not ^o iimli'islooil "
And llio lion. pMidoiinin who piil
(hirt molion on (ho piipor (Mr. ('iiiriill)
aho spoko of i( iis t\ looiil work, tind
(lio hon. i:v"'hMn!in who spoko (iis( (IiIh
jU\ornoon iiMod vory nmoU (ho sinno
(oinis I'ndor (hoi-o oiroiimNdinoos ho
k\\\.\ not soo how (his (Jovovnnioiil woro
jn.slitioii in pullitiii- (his lionvv oxpoiiso
on (ho dominion (or whiU his hon.
(Vionil (^Mr. Cairrtin hiul oiilloii " ii looal
work." Ho (hoiinht it was portoody
ploar s\iui oonsiston( ln>in (ho hoi!;in
ninsr. and (hat (his lloiiso ami (his
oonndy know pivoisoly what (ho
]H>lioy of (ho (nnonuuont was wiih
r»vspoo( (otho Ksnuiinalt Uaihvay. Not
a woixl or lino was ovor wridon by
(his (lovornmont that would justil^y •'>»'
Ovinolusion (hat i( was (o (orn\ part of
tbo Paoitio Kailway. A j>oin( was
»t(<>niptv\i (o Ih» n\adc oni of the 1ho(
(hat this (iovornmont had gone on and
«ntioii>at«.Hi, so to spoivk, tho oonstruo-
tion of this work. Whon thov found
that thoir pjvdooossors in ortico had
oomnuttoii themselves to the construc-
tion of this n^ad on the Island, and carry
il as far as Est]uimalt ; whou they found
that British Columbia was anxious for
it, and that lA^rd Carnarvon had made
it part of the terms, tlie Ministry woro
justified in cominiC to the conclutiion
that Parliament would ratify the
Hon. Mb. Scott.
Noh'iiin lioaly onloroil Into wiili Miilisli
( '(iliiiiiliiii on (hi> III hilnilioti mI' |||r
loiuliii!!,' Miiii-ilof of III" liiipt'iiiil (jMV
(Miinioiil 'I'hoy Ihoiifrhl, llioioroin,
lliov woro (piito nmI'o ill iiiilkiii);
III riiiiooiiioiiN I'oi' Iho cmiihIi iii'liiiii mI
the I'oti'l, iiM no oMK woiiM hm i> JMilim ml
it poxdihio llllll ihoMo .".ontli'iiioii wlm
hiiii foi'inoily put Ihoir loconl on |)iipi>i
llllll this roml wii'i lo ho piiil of llii>
I'ni'illo KniUvay, iiml l"l-i(|tiiiiiiill wmm li>
ho I ho toi'ininiH, would hiivo hooii llfii
and IoioiiiomI in voliiit^ down IIiIm Hill.
Hon. Mil. Mai'I'iiiiiiihon. TIio Oov
oiniiioiil Honl llio mils (o Hi'ili i
own siipportors lliat throw out llio Hill
Hon. Mil. Scorr Hiiid Iho hon. ^oiilln
man (Mr. ('Minpholl) l«>d him to th"
oonoliisiuii (hilt his polioy was "pail\
tlrsl and Hritish Coliinihia iidorwiinlH.
NVluMi (ho proposiiioii wiim road (list mi
(ho door oC thi^ lloilso (litil !$7riO,IMII)
should ho oivon (o Hiilish (!o|iiinhiii.
that u-ondoinan aiiiioiiiii'(<(| tit (ho oiil
so( (hat ho propoHi'd to volo ildown,
hilt still th(> hon. j;onll(lllmhi^l would olin^ t,i» tlio
Opposition from whom llioy nevor iv
ooivod Olio siii( dio {Jovornmonl with roloi
01100 (<» the l'ls(juimalt and Nanaiiuo
Kailway was (olorahly ooiiMistcni
(hroiiirhoiit. ■*' * *
lYidiiy, nut March, 1870.
Hon. Mil. Scorr (Pago 23(5) thon
iMso (o resume his spooch of tlio
previous evening. Aller Htnting his
position at the adjournment of the
llouse, ho suid \\\h hon. friend
opposite seemed to think that tho
$760,000 oflforod to British Colum-
bia was compensation for f^ifuro
delays. Ho did not thirfk the Hpirit of
the "correspondence warranted any
ffiv'hi'^if/.
I tiitii Willi MiilisI,
liillUliMM mI' llii
lii» Impt'iinl (liiv
iiiiii!,lil, (lii'it'limi
hiiI'k ill IMMMiii;
lo niiiHh iirlinii iil
iiilM liiivo liolim I'l
« >';oiill('liioii wliii
ir H>iM)ii| uii |iii|M lti>t>M lllil
M^r tlilWII lllJM Hill
ilHHtlN. TIlO iU<\
ntilM til Hrili'li
till wrm liml.
Miiid llu'V Wt'lc
ill wiiM lini, mill it
> llllllHO llllll |lll'
mvl.
111. I,. II wan yoiii
lliiow nut lltii hill.
ill llio Iwiii. ^oiillo
) UmI liiin Id III"
mlii'V \V!IM " pill l_v
iinliiii iiIIci'WUIiIh. "
n wiiw loml IIi'hI, mi
niso (lull *7r»0,(M»0
niitisli (!i)|iiiiiliiti,
IIMOll lit tlio oiil
lo viil(> itilowii,
jfi'iilliMtiim Irniii
iilil rliii^ III I lie
111 llu'y novor ro
iirinu'o lioyuiiil (lio
(liiU woro nm.lo
)0 cunii'd tml. llo
nlilisliod llllll tlui
iiuMit with rol'or-
alt, llllll Naiiaiiuii
ahly ooiiyLslcin
arch, 1870.
(Pngo 2.'U)) thou
spooch of llio
llor Hlntinij hi.s
)urnraoiit of tho
\h lion. fVioncl
think that tho
lUitisli Colum-
ion for Hituro
lirfk tho spirit of
warrantdd any
I'ili'iflr IlidhMjl,
fMAiMiiiMI, IR7fl.
I'di'ifli' Hnihiuni,
nf
Jell ((MM IiihIoii. Tho Hiiliit ol* Mio
fl'ddr ill ('iMiiH'il wiH poirnolly clinu'
lilt llio iiliji'cl nC th(» (•ovdiiiffioiit WUH
k ('.mipoii^iiito Mio I'i'oviiHiii lor (IoI'ivh
[(lili'iilal li» tho vuiiKtniotioti ol tho
Wl.
lliiN. Mil. Cauiui.i-. Wailho iiKiiioy
(oioil I'lir tho roliiM|iiiHliiiioiit of lhnr to tfi.,
(Ili'iilillll)'i' III III' II lilii'iitl roiriiii'iiMiiti'ifi, An4
till' ('iiliiliillli't' fill vlHK lldil l(i« iJovirliifiWIil, of
llrllJMli Diiliiirililii (in liiliiiKii'd KihI. IIiI< Or»»(imnll'iii lo III' i/fivMi Id llnliiili l/ollim-
liiii lid iJiilHyn ill Hii'li miihImi'-IIoii.''
Mo.'*. Ma. (!ami'Iiki.i„ Tho wf»rd(»
" lor any doliiyM whiih may tako plnco
in tho coiiHlniotioii ol tho I'acific Jluil-
way" moan tho Ciitino,
lloM, Ma. ViiiAi,. And yot (hn hon.
Hocrotuiy (d'Hialo HHid a tow miniiton
a^o that tho iK7.'<0,000 wiih not Uir
dolayH in Iho coiiHtriM^lion of thn main
tinn.
Mom. Ma. Hoott said it mi^ht nnik
hon. gontlomon t'» draw dill'oront con-
olimioiiH Iroin tho Onlor in (/onnril
than tho (virnmon u'voiitution of the
Kn^liHli lun(»binHon and two years by Mr. Band-
ford Klemin^. When it took «ach a
length of time to Harvey the Int«r-
colonia! hon. gentlemen con Id draw
their own dednctionn an U> the length
of timn it would take to locate the
Pacific Railway, which from Lako
Nipissing t/> tho other aide of the
iiocky MonntainM had acarcely 000
hundred inbabitantft along the line.
There was no poMiblo paralleLia^W..^^^
length of time that it woj>W' litt to >
locate it as compared wl^
colon'"'
Hon. Mr. Howlan.
the 1750,000 was offe:
ffW
62
Pacific Railway.
[SENATE.]
Pacific Eailtcay.
Substiimo for
award.
1/ !
B I;
Hi
Surveyors on
V. I. line,
afterwards
abandoned.
No ; Macken-
zie still eoing
to build It.
1 Columbia was there not a promise with
' it to construct the i-oad in fourteen
years? *-
Hon. Mr. Scott paid the Government
accepted the awai-d of Lonl Carnarvon,
but this was no reference to Lord Car-
narvon's award, but simply a substi-
tution for it It was not necessary to
renew an offer that was then in exist-
ence; they (the Government) simply
accepted it.
Hon. Mr. Dickey called attention
again to the paragraph in the Minute
in Council above referred to, " for any
delays which may take place," etc.,
and asked if that did not mean delays
in the future?
Hon. Mr. Scott again denied such
was the policy of the Government.
He thought hon. gentlemen ought not
to be so captious and sceptical ; the
language was there, and ho was sorry
it did not suit his hon. friend to draw
proper deductions from it. It was
another illustration of the truth of the
old saying : " Convince a man against
his will, and he's of the same opinion
still."
Hon. Mr. Cornwall asked the hon.
t'no Secretary of State; to explain the
fact that, when the Minute in Council
vra9 published, and after the Govern-
ment had abandoned the construction
of the Esquimau and Nanaimo Eail-
way, duri . that time and subsequently
they had surveyors at work on tno lino.
Hon. Ma. Scott said the hon. gentle-
man was aware that the Hon. Mr.
Mackenzie went over to England early
in the year, and in the winter when it
was supposed that this road was to be
built surveyors wore sent across the
continent to locate the line. When
the Bill was thrown out it was not
thought advisable to stop the survey,
as the work would be valuable if the
people thought of builditiff the railway
ihfimselves. "Would not his hon. friend
have been the first to condemn the
Government and say it was adding
insult to injury after sending out sui*-
veyors to locate the line, if they bad
been stopped by a telegram from
Ottawa. Hon. gentlemen were dis-
posed to find fault no matter what
action the Government would take.
If they had declined to expend the
MoN. Mb. Howlan.
money they would meet with opposi-
tion, and it they expended it thoy met
with opposition. He would explain
some of the difficulties the Government
had to contend against in tho surveys
in British Columbia. Ho believed the
distance of the three routes that had
been surveyed from Edmonton to the
coast averaged somowhero in the
neighborhood of J 00 miles. The com-
puted distance by Yellow Head Pass
and Fort George to Bute Inlet was 800
miles, but the route further north
would shorten that disianco. In the
first thirty miles from the Pacific
coast the rise was 'J,000 feet. That
was where the difficulty came in, as
any hon. gentleman OxperionceJ in
railway matters would easily under-
stand.
Hon. Mr. Cornwall asked Avhy the
Government did not adopt the route
that was easy from the liocky Moun-
tains to Tiuioria.
Hon. Mr. Scott said no doubt if the
hon. gentleman had been appointed
Chief Engineer it would have been a
great service to the Government, but
unfortunately for the country, no
doubt, those services had not been
offered. However, thoy had obtained
what was considered tho best engineer-
ing talent in tho country, a gentleman
who had the respect and confidence of all
parties, and they believed that gontle
man was quiie competent to be
entrusted with this great work. The ;
money which had been expended was
under his directions, and he thought it
was judiciously laid out. From the
returns from that gentleman's office "
found that the expenditures year by :
year on the east side of tho Kooky j
Mountains were as ^follows, in round |
numbers : —
To the 30th June, 1872 $194,000
'• " " 1873 346,000
'« " " 1874. 199,000
«• " " 1875 290,000
And for the half year ended Slst Dec.,1
1875, $246,000, nearly double what hadf
been expended in any previous 6ii|
months. The amounts expended on th« '
west side of the Bocky Mountaioi
daring the same periods were, in
1872 « $295,000
1874 ^ 111,000
107va*««t« tMMtt MttittM %•!•••••• *••••§ »•••• loSfUVv
1 :■■'!
%
Pacific Railway.
[March 31, 18T0.]
Pacific Railway. 53
Lnd to tho 3l8t December of 1875,
^204,000. Ho thought this entirely
}ro out the Btatement ho had made a
Bw minutes ago, that during the time
1C80 negotiations wore going on with
British Columbia the Government wore
bushing on the surveys more vigor-
lusly than ever. Tho total amount
ipended in surveys was $2,286,987.
Hon.
Mb. Scott * * * 5|<
:'ago 239.) said he regretted ho
)uld not give the hon. gentlemen the
iformation, as the lino was not yot
)ttled upon beyond Yellow Head Pass,
Int there wflre eight different survoy-
ig parties in that country, with an
iverage strength of from thirty to
)rty men, engaged in exploring for a
|ne. The e.xpenso of the work already
)no throughout, down to December
1st, 1875, was as follows: —
[Surveys - $2,287,207 00
jConstruction . 360,000 00
[Telegraph Account 170,000 00
$2,817,207 00
this amount add tho amount for
Bel rails, $2,000,000 more, which
[)uld make a total of $4,817,207.
[Hon. Mb. Miller asked how the
>n. gentleman included tho two
Unions for rails.
[Hon. Mb. Scott said because they
ere purchased for the Pacific Itai!-
Hy, and part for the Intercolonial.
iHoN. Mr. Campbell said * jfc *
pge 241.) Ho sympathised very
ich with his friends from British
[>lumbia. They had been left in a
ite of uncertainty and perplexity,
bd were at a loss to know what to
>lieve in regard to the work. The
iBtructions given to Mr. Edgar wore
1 a character to alarm the people of
|e Province. Thebo instructions were
first step taken by tho present
bvernment in doing anything in the
Icific Railway matter, and they
Imed to be framed with a view to
pmidating the people of British
^umbia, and to treat them as persons
Ting a sinister design on the public
ree. The following extract showed
Mpirit of Mr. Edgar's instructions :•—
*You will remember that the Dominion is
Ibd to reach the seaboard of the Pacific or It,
f V ictona or Esqaimalt, and you will convey
' 4J
nn intimation to them that any furtiicr extension
beyond the waters of Bute Inlet, or whatever
other nortion of the sea-waters may he reached,
may depend entirely on tho spirit shown by
themselves in assenting to a reasonable exten-
sion of time, or a modification of the terms
originally agreed to.
"You will take special care not to admit in
any way that we arc bound to build the railway
to Esquimau, or to any other place on the
Island, and while you do not at all threaten
not to build there, to let tliera understand that
this is wlioUy and purely a concession, and that
its construction must be contingent on a rea-
sonable course being pursued regarding the
other parts of the scheme."
Tjiis was the language of intimidation. '
What right had Iho Government, if, as
they said before this paper was written,
they repudiated all liability or agree-
ment made by Parliament to construct
tho railway on the Island of Vancouver,
to say : " If you behave yourselves
we will build your Island Railway ?"
Either that road was a part of the
Pacific Railway, or it was not. Tho
Government had taken the ground
that it wtis not, and from their stand-
point they had no right to hold out
this promise to the f)0ople ; they had
no right whatever to instinct Mr. Edgar
to make such an offer. Nor, on the
other hand, had they the right to
threaten that in the contingency of
their dissenting from the terms to be
proposed by Mr. Edgar the road on
the Island should not be built. When
the negotiations commenced in that
cpirit was it to be wondered at that
tbe people of the Province became
doib'Jul of the intentions of tho Gov-
ernnent? They ought to have been
mot t/ankly and reasonably, and every
assurance given them that faith would
be kept with the Province. If a course
of honest fairness had been pursued be
ventured to say they would have
yielded to the intere'^ts of the country
at largo, and we would have not ex-
perienced the present trouble. But all
through these negotiations there was
an evident attempt to drive them into
undefined new terras. The several
Minutes of Council seemed to have been
framed in the same spirit as Mr. Edgar's
instructions, as would be seen from tbe
following passage : —
" The Committee must further observe that
the tenor of tbe representations now under
consideration w^ould seem to indicate that the
object of the Legislature of British Goiumbia is
less to secure tbe completion of the work as a
Is still.
64
Pacijic RixUusoy.
[SKNATK.]
Pacifir Jliiilwoy.
Insult lo
*
I
r
■f
1
H. C. rigl-.t
to coinpUin.
natlotml iimlrrtftMnix in mirli n \\i\\ iiml on hihIi
tcnnB 118 iniiy Ik'nI ('nnilin'o lo (lii< wt'ir»n' oCllir
wholt'connnunitv, Hmn loi'tiforcc tlio iinniriliiiti<
mid coutimuMl c\|i('iiilituro wltliiu llirlr own
Province, nf wlnlcvcr cohI Ik Ciiiiailn, jiCuittiiy
millionH of nioiii'.v, lor wliii-li llirv ciinnol piT-
tcnd to luwi' ijivcn iin ('(|uiviilonl.''
It was u most unwise policy to taunt
tho jHiopIo of a Miiuill rrovinco in this
mnnnor: lo ncouso thorn iii n SliUo
pnnor of onterlninin^ n siniHtcr (Icsiro,
not (or tho oouh(imk'(ioii of Iho roiul hh
ft grout national woiU in whioh all tho
Dominion wan inloiOHtod in, but to
Hoouro at an^- ha/.iii\l to tho count i-y
tho oxpondituro of n Inrgo amount of
money among Ihomsolvos. ITo was
porsuadcd that this was doing n groat
injust ioo to our follow wnhjoclH in Ihitish
Columhin, and ccrtaiidy nothing could
1)0 Author from tho H|tirit whicli ought
to clmractori/.o a Slato jmpor than to
put forwanl such an acctisation againsti
u wholo Provinco as had hoon done by
tho CJovornmont in thin Alinuto of
Council. It was perlcclly clear that
British Columbia had ju8l right to
complain of tho course pursued towards
them in tho instructions sent over, tho
Minutes of Council, and the language
used by tho Govornnjont irronpoctivo
of tho question of tho construction of
tho road altogether. Wholhor RuiUciont
or insutliciont jirogress had been made
in tho couBtructiou of the road, they
had a groat right to como to this llouso
and complain of the treatment they
had received, of tho language that hail
been used towards them, and tho
motives attributed to them. -'^ * *
Hon. Mr. Skkap. * * * *
(Pago 251.) No doubt British Colum-
bia did right in refusing the $750,000
that was otVorod to them in compensa-
tion. If ho had lived thoro ho would
havo dono tho samo thin?, much as ho
would like to assist tho tTOvernmont in
what ho believed to bo right. Hon.
gentlemon upon tho other side of tho
House had seldom or nevor bcon known
to vote against tho Government except
upon that particular occasion, and,
indeed, he had very grave doubts about
the sincerity of the members of tho
Ministry themselves, in that respect.
He was informed there were valuable
coal mines on Yancouver Island, and
if Victoria was to bo tho great coal
depot of the Pacific coast, nothing
was more wanted than the railway.
Hon. Mb. CAsirBSLL.
lie had himstdf always voted eon.
hislently upon this tpiestion, but ln'
repeated Ins belief that tho Cuvciii
ment had taken some of their supiior
tors to a ([uiet place and given thuuia
hint to vote tho Kstptimalt ami
Nanaimo Branch down. * * »
Hon. Mu. I'knny. * * * *
(I'j ^e25'J.) J lowovor, this might lie
the Columbian (Jovorntuent appeaiw
to have been dissatistied with tlie von
reasonable pit)positioa tnado to then
by tho Dominion (lovernmont, Ihroiiirl
Mr. Kdgar. They lushed to Downing
street, and the Jlomo authorities mwh
a certain arrangement, whioh in renlilj
was a new start. This Jlotiso, in It.
wicdom, when that ari-nngemont \va
submitted to them, threw it out, iuk
he took his own share of tho roHporiw
bilily of this action. There wero sonu
lion, gentloinen in tho llouso, howevoi
whoso conduct on that occasion hi
conceived to bo iscarcely consistcn
with their past record, but no doubt i
was perfectly cou»irttont with thei
conscionecs. Those gentlemen ha
declared, through an Order i:
Council of tho Government of whicl
they wero members, that tho row
from Nanaimo to Ksquimalt should b(
part of the main lino, yet when a pro
position was laid before this House t
construct that road, thoy voted agniiis
it. An hon. gentleman had spoken i
a somewhat mj'storious manner aboii
tho probability of Government infli
once being u^ed with their supporter
to vote down tiio proposition. Sofa
as ho was concerned, if any influciu
was used or endeavoured to bo iisi
upon him upon that occasion, it was i
order to induce him lo vote in tho vci
opposite way in which ho did.
gentleman who professed to bo, and 1
believed was, acting in behalf of tl^
Government, urged lum to vote for Ik
Bill. He was opposed to it, as wcr'|
several other gentlemen, and althoug
the pressure to which ho had refene
was brought to bear — and finally h
tho effect of making some of tho-
hon. gentlemen vote with the Govcn
ment— it had no effect upon him. H
had exercised, independently, his di
position to serve the country withoi
respect to party. He would be candf
enough to say that the action
*. >!
^li
JWijk Uailtcay,
LMaucii.TI, lB7 be a compen-
sation for tho postpf)iiemcnt to an in-
definite period of tho construction ofvoMi"'"*""-
the main lino of the P.iciflc Kailway ',}''^^'t"K.
and ho defied any one who would read
tho papers to prove the c ntrary. With
rohpoct to tho arrangement ])roposod
by L(«"d Carnarvon, tic bold that tho
Colonial Secretary made a |)roposition
which, with his means of information,
ho was justified in thinking would bo
acceptable to tho people and Parlia-
ment of this country. It was merely
so much nonsense to speak of Downing
street dictation in this relation, as an
hon. gentleman had done, or to say
that the amended terms were made by
tho Homo authorities. No such thing.
nitnt
6G
Pacific Railway.
[SENATE.]
Pacific Bailway.
Tho terms wero proposed by tho Gov-
ernment of Cunadu loBritiMljColutnbiii,
throu<(h IJr. Jyljijar, and tho Colonial
Secretary, Hurely, was justiftcd in
believing that no Cabinet would make
a BUgfjestion on tho Huhjoct which they
did not know to be acceptable to the
people of Canada and their representa-
tives. But this Government had no
reason to suppose that Parliament would
consent to tho postponement of the Pa-
cific Railway ; there was no such desire
or intention prevailing in the country,
and under tho circumstances they did
whatv/as quite unjustifiable when they
led the Homo authorities to believe
that any arrangement which would
have that ctt'ect would be assented to
here. It was futile for hon. gentlemen
on tho Treasury benches to shield
themselves behind the excuse that this
arrangement emanated from Downing
street, and had, therefore, to be as-
sented to. As he had already said,
Downing street simply aided the Can-
adian Government in accomplishing
an arrangement which the latter had
represented would be acceptable to tho
geople of Canada. Tho vote of tho
enate last Session rejecting tho Esqui-
mau and Nanaimo I'ailway Bill was a
just and patriotic vote, and had the ap-
proval of the country, fur Iho all-
powerful reason that the people would
not consent to postponing indefinitely
the construction of the Pacific Kailway.
If the Government had fiankly in-
formed Parliament that they had been
engaged earnestly in surveying tho
country, that notwithstanding so much
money had been spent for that pur-
pose yet no satisfactory route had been
found ; he would have been ready to
say that thej' did what was quite
right. He was prepared to support
them in making u thorough survey of
the country before tho woik was pro-
ceeded with ; but such was not the ex-
planation they submitted. They came
down last year with a scheme for tho
construction of a railway from Esqui-
mau to Nanaimo, which was neither
more nor less than a considoiation
offered to Biitish Columbia for the
abandonment of the m.iin Pacific Kail-
way; and this year, with the same end
in view, they made offer to the autho-
rities of that Pi-ovince of a grant of
1*760,000. If, instead of having been
Hon. Mr. Maophebson.
Eromptly and emphatically refused by
iritish Columbia, as thai offer was, it
had been submitted to tho consider-
ation of tiiis House, ho had not tho
slightest doubt it also would be thrown
out. He (Mr. Macpherson) was ir flu-
enced in the course ho was pursuing
by no party considerations in the
sense in which partizanship was gener-
ally understood. He denied that such
existed to any extent in this House.
There were no great political issues
before the country just now. The
question which really concerned the
country was one of administration,
the capacity or incapacity of the pre-
sent Government to administer the
public affairs of Canada. Upon that
subject he had a very decided opinion,
for he thought it had been amply
demonstrated by their negotiations
with British Columbia, and their dis-
turbing but weak administration gener-
ally; that they wero not the men to
lead this country to the development
of her great resources which we had
the right to look forward to in the near
future. They had been spending large
sums of money usolessly, not only in
.this country but also in Europe ; thes<;
latter were nominally to promote eni-
gration, while their whole policy had
the effect of discouraging it. There
was no room to doubt that this con-
tinual wrangling and disputation with
British Columbia had had the very-
worst effect upon tho tide of immi-
gration, tending as it did to create dis-
trust and weaken confidence in the
good faith of tho country. These things
were well known on tho other side of
the Atlantic, and very widely dis-
cussed.
Hon. Mr, Letellier De St Just.
By tho emigrants ?
Hon. Mr. Macpherson said : • Yes ;
by the emigrants who were not so
ignorant as the hon gentleman seemed
to think. He thought this sneer came
with bad grace from tho Minister ot
Agiiculture, the Head of the Immi-
gration department. These people
believed that Oanada, or at least the
Government of Canada for the time
being, had abandoned the Pacific Rail-
way, and thus made impossible the
largo demand for the labour of emi-
grants which would otherwise have
Pacific Railway. [March 31, 1876.] Pacific Hailuwj. 5T
existed. Ho was convinced this
was tije chief roa^^on why imraigration
had fnllon off so much. The House, ho
romnrked, had been trying? to got in-
formation from the Ministry all this
Session upon the subject of the Can-
adian Pujifio Railway, and they had
failed to;:fetit. Tho returns which ou^ht
to have boon brought down early in the
Session had not yet made their appear-
ance, and the facts which ought to have
been communicated to the H use at
the earliest possible opportunity had
not yet been communicated. If the
explanations of hon. gentlemen on the
Treasury benches had only boon taken
down verbatim, and bo read now to the
House, it would be impossible to con-
ceive of a jumble more inconsistent and
contradictory than they would pre-
sent. He differed with the Govern-
ment entirely upon this railway ques-
tion. It was n(it a British Columbian
Iuestion, either solely or chiefly, but a
>ominiori qu«'stion. The Secretary of
State got up in his place, and informed
tlie House of how liborally^he Govern-
ment btul trcatol British Columbia,
and of how anxious they were that the
people ol that Province should be satis-
fied and content. It was not for the
bolo interest of Britit^h Columbia that
the Pacific Kailway was projected, but
that the Dominion mij^ht have a great
Inter-oceanic highway of her own. Ho
dift'ered with the Government because
they took a narrow, coiiti-acted view of
the question, and he warned them, even
had British Columbia declared hersi'lf
ready to accept the aop which was ht-ld
out to her as compensation for the rail
way, the great body of the ])eoplo of
this country would not have been sat-
isfied; but, on the contrary, profoundl}'
dissati.'iiii) h'nl ililViMrd on (Ikmi' niilwny
poiit'V — to Ktippcrt. (Ii«) llovcrnmoiit on
thai occasion, on tlic ground that an
Order in (Council hud Itocn ])assod by »Iio
lato Irovornnumt, dcclniini; Ks(inin\!dt
the woNtein totniiiin.t ot' tho I'acilic
liflilwjiy. Tho House had also hoci\
tola that had lho^o hoa, jjjonllomon and
their IVietids su])[ioi ted Uio measure, it
would have l>«on cnrriod. Put Mini-
sters should look I'or support t< -''oso
upon whom thoy had some t'hiini, and
it was becauHO tlu'ir frieudn refused to
support their Hill that it was defeated.
Tho Government had no elaim upon
tho members of the lato (lovornmcnt
or their supporters, or upon a gontlo-
nian like him (Mr. Mac|>hersot») who
wished to seo our jj;reat Northern Rail-
way procortied wit li, tor support tor that
measure. Jt was not one ibr construct-
ing or advancing the construction oi'
the Canadian Pucitic IJailway, but for
obtaining tho consent oi" liritish
Columbia to the abandonment of that
railway. That consent was not ob-
tained, lie (Mr. Macjiherson) would
oppose all expenditure in JJrilish
(/olunibia oxcent that made in building
tho nuiio lino of tho railway, or jm'o-
vided tor in tho agreement with that
Province. Tho hon. geiilloman from
Mon'.e;il (Mr. Pcnnyji had suggested
that it would not bo lespeetful to the
Hou^e to submit tlio measure again.
No one in the lloiisj h.'vd a more
intim.-.te »cquainlan(o with public
affairs than tlm hon. gentleman, and
Rurely be did not protend seriously to
nsacrt that it was not quite usual to
submit measuies, session after session,
which were belie veil by the Govern-
mont to be for tho interest of tho
y Bill, was an
act desoiving tho censure of Parlia-
ment. But lie believed the truth vi^as
the difliculty among their friends had
to be appease I, and one of these (Mr.
Macmaster) who was most conspicuous
for his opposition to tho Jiailway liill
and contributed to its loss in that
Ilouso last Session, only a few days
ago n.ade an ostentatious profession of
his renewed allegiance t(y tho Govern-
ment. But among tho conditions upon
which peace had been restored wore,
ho firmly believed, tho sacrifice of
British Columbia and the altandomnoul
of tho Canadian Pacific Railway so
far as these objects could bo a;'.om-
plished by the present Government.
Ho (Mr. MacphoiHon) did not regret
the loss of tho Esquimalt and Nanaimo
Railway Bill, for ho would have voted
against ii had the opportunity oflxsred
this vear, as iio did last.
Hon. Mb. Penny. So would I.
Hon. Mr. Macpherson ccintinuod
that it was a curiou;' circunslance,
after the rails for the Esquima't road
were at Yictoiia, the Government
Pitcljk Jiiiilrdij.
[Aran, 3, 187(;.j
Piii'i'jir linihray.
69
1vaB
IoikIh had
KHO (Mr.
)f of thin House were unable to
draw their inferences from tlieso cir-
cumstances and the others which hap
pencd concurrently,
* :(! M;
a
SKNATB.
j\londaiff [irU April, 1876.
PACIFIC RAILWAY.
Hon. Mk. LKTKM.iKa db St. .Toht
(Page 274). If Iho hon. gentleman
says so, very well.
JIoN, Mr. Maci'IIKKhon. — I said (hat
an entirely difVeieiit policy had been
pursued in Briii'^h Columbia to that
with respect to the Georgian IJay
Branch. With regard to the former,
the hon. gentleman and the Adminis-
tration said that nothing could be done
until a thorough suivyy liad taken
place, of which I quite approved, but
they did not follow the same course
with the Georgi.'in iJay Branch. The
contract was given when not a foot of
the lino had been surveyed, and was
afterwards cancelled.
Hon. Mr. Lktei-lier i>e St. .Tr;sT.
* * * Later Lord Carnarvon in-
cluded it in the corulitions in the way
ofconipensalioii, and it wouhi have been
very diflicult to refuse the intervention
of the noble Lord. The (loverrunont
accordingly con-iidered it their duty to
iutrodu'o the Ks(|uimalt and Nanaimo
Railway Bill, which pjisscd thiougli
the House of Commons with the aid of
the Opposition. They iaiew what the
fate of the Bill was in that House. It
was alleged that the Government had
urged their friends there to vote
against it; but this was not the case,
and me hownni'c
that House, he came here to wiiggost/''^"":^'""!]
with the approval of Sir John Macdon-see page 35,
aid, who was sitting at his side when*g' *3' ''■ "•
ho made this statement — that it should
be thrown out.
Hon Mr. Camphell. Was that i;aid
by the hon. gonllemaii himself?
Hon. Mr. Lktellier i»e St. .Tost
replied: Yes; in presence of Sir John
Macdonald.
Hon. Mr. Ca.mi'hem, (Page 27<») said
the hon.gentloman (Mr Letellior) had
stated that Sir John Maclc(o on that point.
Hon. Mr. Carrali,. To whom did
ho mako that Hiiggoslion ? Not to
me.
Hon. Mb. Letellibr db. St. Just
said in reply to Mr. Btako the hon.
goutloinan had stated that ho had sug-
go^stod to his iVien(h in tho Sonato to
vote against tho Bill.
Hon. Ma. Price said ho undoi-stood
Mr. Blako had nnkod his own friends
to do tho same thing.
:;: * :(: * * * *
Hon. Mr. Carrat.l's motion was
carried on division. Yoas, 34 ; nays, 24.
Extracts from the " Debates of the House of Commons of (he Dominion
of Canada, Ath Session, Urd Parliament, 1877," on the Pacific
Railway,
5i :f
I
if
U ^
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
Satur,iay,2Ut April, 1877.
T„p,«r state. SUPPLY— PACl FIC KAIL WAY.
t :i\rni\ivon
twnsWna.ng Mr. TlPl'BB =>= * * (Pago 1677.>
Now, Sir, tho hon. gontleman, as I
have stated, first took power to con-
Btrnct this work directly by the Gov-
ernment and then tBadoa^olem^ bind-
ing treaty with Bii'i-h Columbia and
the Impoiinl Government, that by 1890
thiswoik should be c)n>truc'ted and
completed fiom the Pacitic roast to the
shores of Lake Superior. What is the
distance botweon these points ? It is
sonietliing like, according to the
Chief Kngineer's statement, 2,022 miles
over which the road wiis to bo built;
and tho hon. gentleman made this
engagement without the slightest quali-
fication to tho slightest provision that
it was not to inerea.-e the existing rate
of taxation. Ho made a liinding, solemn
treaty, and tho gooil faith of the Gov-
Ditto binding. irnm en t of this country Wivs pleduod
as far as a Minister — and a Minister
Kas power to pledge it to a groat ex-
tent — could pledge it without consul-
tation with tho House ; and, without
tl»e knowledge of the House, tho hon
gentleman entered inte this engage-
ment. In inviting his attention to it
I would like to ask him whether the
act of the late Government in engaging
to subsidize with $30,000,000 of money
and 50,000, iiOO acres of bind a company
JioN. Mr. Campbell.
to construct tho Canadian Pacific Rail-
way, was a madder scheme, a more
insane scheme, or a scheme exhibiting
greater incapacity than wa-< this scheme
pio])osed by an hon g.-nllemun holding
the views which ho did in referenee to
the character of that work, as stated by
himn f the House
to it by-and-bye. he hon. gentleman
estimate I the savin of the 000 miles
between Nipis-ii.g an! Xepigon, and
lieiween Reii ilivcr a-'d the remaining
70 • miles we>lwird beeauso these
weve the water >tietrlies and the ■ nly
water stretidies he eovers in his mam-
Supply—
\XvR\L 21, 1877.]
Pacific Railway,
6t
festo— ho ostirr.atod iliat 1,300 miles of [
railway, 700 niilos of it through tho |
prairio region, at from 8<>0,00(»,000 to
§80,000,000. That 1,300 miles of this
roail, and that, not tho most unfavom--
ablo jwrtion of it, more than half being
prairio country, was fioing to coHt
jottwoon nixty and eighty millions of
dollars ; and in the face of that delara-
tion, which I presumo ho would not
make without naving gone into some
calculations with reference to it, tho
lowest calculation involving an enor-
mous expenditure of money, this
engagement was made by tho hon.
gentleman without any reserve, and
without the slightest qualification as to
whether the resources of tho country
would admit of it. Now, as we stood
up to that period, wo had a safety viilvo,
and a clause oxomnting the country
from being plunged headlong into a
ruinous expenditure, but this was all
swept away by tho hon. gpntloinan
who presented himself to this IJou.so
with the declaration (hat this was a
binding treaty wliih ho had made, not
only with a portion of ourHclves, with
our follow citizens in British Columbia,^
but also with the Imperial urovornment,
which wan solemnly called on to take
part in the noiiotiations affecting that
arrangement. Now, Sir, I would
draw the attention of tho House
for one moment to this question
as ono of groat importance, because
it had involve I the most serious chai'ge
against the hon. gen Icman and his
Government that wiis ever made, or
that ever could be made at^ainst any
Government, it h;.s involved the charge
of bail faith. 1 hold. Sir, that serious
as were tho financial arrangements
and great as wore tho pecuniary diffi
cultios with which he surrounded this
question, ihat by this arrningotnoiit,
even Ihat sank into insignificarco com-
pared with the question of having the
good faith of the G(»vernment of Canada
challenged, not only by the Province,
and thoimjjortant Province of British
Columbia, a portion of ourselves, but
also. Si I", broadcast throughout tho
world, through Groat Britain and
wherever tho name of Canada was
known^ Up to that hour. Sir, no spot^;
no Btnin could i-est on the nputation
of the GoverDment of Canada with
relation to any engagement that it had
• Imperial Rovemnwiw took nhare of retponsibUitr. '
t Tupper on Canada'. Punic faith. •«""™"T-
t Tupp.r| d.nunclMlon hold, good against th« pnMot C
V^>los nnd I'roccodingvS oil llio 'llli ol'
Minrh, 1875:
" Mil. Ili.AKU— (III Aloiiiliiy ni'vl — Kiiijiiiry ol'
MiniHlrv— WliPlliiT tin- tSovtM'iniKMil, ititt'iMl to
proiiDHC til i'Hrliiiiiu'iil iiiiy iiii IT mljiislincnt ol' llio Ktiiih ol'
Un(oii Willi Hi'ilisli lyoliiiiiliiii?"
Now, Sir, il irt known tiint (lio hop.
gontlonitui liad, in r.Mition to «tig!iiri"K
to conHtniol, I Ins railway, Iho 2,000
inilos of railway wiiich llie(iovonunont
luvi |iowor to Iniild us a (Jovornniont
work, ami whit'h, by tlio period of
1800, ho was lo liavo cotnplotod, also
onga^';od to add to that, outuiilo of UiiH
■work alttiijolhor, tho construction of
tho road tVom Nanaiino (o !ut thin wif^nill-
cant «|U«>(ion on (lie noliio |)apor, and
what was n's nnuwor? Tiio answor
was i^ivon in tho tnio 8]»irit of tlio
autocrat. Tlio lion, gcntioinan said —
but at that time, 1 hUjiposo, ho feU.
stronger liian he (lid afterwards :
"With rt<8]u>j\ to tlio iniostioii rnifi'd liv iii,v
lion. Iriond from Suitli Hriu'o, I iiiiiv .siiy I "huvo
^'ru'"^'."'*^ no ■otllill^; to iisk tVoiii ruiliaiiifiit. '\\\ littve no
"" authority to olitaii;, but imvo uu'ivly to t'oiii-
tuuniciifo this dooision ami rely upon the House
MJiniortiiiji IIS in ttori'plinir tlio' ti'rnis that lii\ro
bt'oii iiiado tliroii|rli tlu> intorvention or iiiter-
niodiation ol" l.onl ('innurvoii, nntl that siiiiiiort,
Ido not doubt, will bo ohoorfiilly uccordod. '
So the hon. !»entloman had made an
unqualiliod oiio;;ifxemeiit witli .British
Columbia and with the Imperial Parlia-
niont, to t<]H>nd 82,000,000 per annum
in Hriiish Columbia— buiUi OS miles of
railway from Nanaimo to Esquimalt,
and tinish the lino from the Pacilio to
Lake Superior, 2.000 miles, by 1800.
Yet his answor was that from Parlia-
ment he had nothing; to ask. Jhit he
altered his mind. Some signiticint
divisions took ]il.n(>o in this IIousp.
The present Mini.-ter of .Tii>tico, then
silting on tho Independent benches,
Voted against the hon. goiitioman on
tho Bill for tho Xanaimo and K^qui
mait IJailway ; and on a most impor-
tant question, in which tho legality of
the proceedings of the Government in
rofoience to tlio Canadian Pacitic Eail-
way was involved, the hon. gentleman
put on his hat and walked out of tho
iiouse, accompanied by another gentle-
Mb. Tupper.
.liilhority t.)
olitnin i>r
reqiiirc.1
man, whoso aHsi.Httmco thoUovornmont
felt it necessary since to obtain on tho
Treasury bciiclict as Minister of tho
Interior. The lion, gcnilem.'m had,
before the Session was far advanced,
some |)roUy strong liintH that tho
position lie bad ushtimed, in which ho
tindortook to ileal with tho most im-
portant linancial interestH of this
country, and involving tho most oiio-
rouB obligations — obligations to which
atiything undertaken l)y tho lato
(fovornment Hoemod insignificant —
was such that ho was not an strong in
tho support of tho House as ho liad lod
himself to boiiovo. What occtirrod ?
Tho Bill was passed by this llouso by
a largo majority. This JMIl provided
for building tho Esoiiimalt and Na-
naimo JIailway in addition to tho rest
of tiio Canadian Pacific^Jhvilway. 1
may bo told that wo contomplutod
building a road on Vancouver Island.
Wo did. We bad fixod upon a terminus
at Esquimau., but every person knows
that that did not involve tho additional
cost of a dollar, as far as tho linancial
resources of tho country were concern-
ed. Tho stipulation required that the
parties obtaining tho chui-tor of tho
Pacific Railway should build this roud,
tlio subsidy to bo tho same as far as
money was concerned. But tho hon.
gentleman changed his base. He, who
today had nothing to asic from Parlia-
ment, to morrow found it convenient t«
introduce a Bill for the purpose of con-
structing tho Ksquimalt and Nanaimo
Kailway. Ho passed this Bill through
tho House dos|)ite tho opposition of
tho present Minister of Justice and
other loading members cf tlie Opposi-
tion. The Bill wat lost, however, and
signitie.intly lost in tho Upper House,
by the votes of two of Uio warmest and
strongest frionds tho hon. gentleman
had in that branch of tho Legislature.
I am not going to say that it was lost
at tho instance of tho First Minister,
but I may say that his colleagues
in tho Upper House did not exhibit
gieat cnlhuBiasm in trying to obtain a
majority. But tho Bill having passed
by a consiucrablo mitjority in this
House, was abandoned. This was a
case in which the hon. gontlcraan
could say : " The good faith of Canada
is pledged ; wo ai-e bound to the Bri-
tish Columbian and Imperial Govern-
• Tiippcr admiu that Domiaion Oovernneat agrewl wt'h Allan Co. to build E. aad N. Railway, and that
Tcnnious haJ l>c«n tixed at Btquimalt ; how now draw Uack honorably.
Supply--
[XvMU 21, 1877.J
Pacific Ilailway. 63
racnlH to cnrry (liifi out ; 1 ask you (o
lo-iinii'in Mio polioy." 'J'lio lion. ^onLlc-
muii could havo urtctl lliosc oIIoiIh of
inoifil HiiiiHion wliidi iiro .'ilwiiyH in tlio
fiowor oC u londor of (lio (Jovoi-ninont.
Jul, in> I Ho nliuiidonoil liin policy,
and an cxlniorditmry occunonco
proMoi)t(Ml ilHoir. The lion. ^onUttinan
who waH nioHt hontilo to tlio coUHtruc-
tion ot this brnncli wan taken into llio
Oai)in»t, aH tho result of a liar-gain that
thiH road kIiouM Iio sacrificed;*' That
fitatement may nceni a Hlron/^ ono, Imt
F will NUHlaiii it liy a Hpeocli delivorod
by llio lion. MiniHlsr ot .Iiistico hiinsell
at VValkorlon, in which ho Haid that ho
would not Older tho (/'ahiiiet iintil tho
Ciovornniont had made up their minds
to abandon their policy in this resfioct.
The lion. /gentleman naid, as reported
in tho (Hobc :
" Ho woulil now loiicli iijioii a r|uc,ur friendK in the U p per }<'■'" i'.''«.
IfouHo voted entirely in harmony withjm^o''^',/"''"
us. The groat snlHtantial elernont oli"''['*'']>.i>rf.»^
t MackeuM't vioUtioa of Caraarvon lemuT Maadoned.
■T
64
Supply^
[COMMONS.]
Pacific Railway.
liuiL '.o do — that British Columbia and
Canada should unite on the terms we
bad mutually agreed upon. Here is a
case in which the Secretary of State
for tho Colonies had come to accept
the position of arbitrator in the carry-
ing out the agreement made between
Canada and British Columbia, to which
the Imperial Crovernment were parties.
Mr. Holton. Was not the ground
of that interference of the Imperial
Government that they were parties to
the original agreoment made by hon.
gentlemen opposite?
Mr. HoLTON.
Mr. Tupper. The colony of British
Columbia felt they wore entitled to go
to the Imperial Government to com-
plain in regard to any violation by
Canada of the terms mutually agreed
upon. But to return. The main fea-
ture of the policy was still loft, all
except tho railway on Vancouver
Island. Did the Government maintain
good faith as to that? The First Min-
\6tev came to Parliament and proposed
a vote — a moderate vote — to cany on
works connected with the railway.
What happened? If hon. gentlemen
would turn to the Hansard for 1876,
they will find the record of a very
extraordinary procedure. They will
find that the hon. First Minister,
having become wise in his generation,
found that he had committed himself
to this unqualified engagement — a
point not noticed by many members
of the Opposition on the inception of
the matter — that his solemn pledge
was unrelieved by any action of the
Senate, the pledge to construct the
road from the shores of the Pacific to
tho shores of Lake Superior, over two
thousand miles, by 1890. What hap-
pened when that item came up for the
construction of the railway? What
did the hon. member for West Middle-
sex (Mr. Boss) do? That hon. member
is not a very recalcitrant supporter of
the hon. the First Minister. I will not
say he is not an independent member,
but among the hon. gentleman's fol-
lowers he has none more devoted than
the hon. member for West Middlesex;
there is no hon. member who will
make a greater effort to act in accord
with the First Minister, and, I believe,
the hon. gentleman on more than one
occasion showed the hon. the Firet
Minister that he was prepared to make
a sacrifice in order to meet his views.
What did the hon. member for West
Middlesex do? He moved a vote of
want of confidence in'the Government.
We had been voting them the Supplies.
,We, like a loyal Opposition, had bee n
endeavouring, as far a? possible, to
promote the interests of the country ;
but submitting to the fact that we were
a minority, and must accept the gen-
eral policy of tho Government, and on
many occasions vote them larger sums
than we thought necessary in tho
interests of the country, or demanded
C Mdtbd iriwpMi to impmHChunmat^^
..Mfi
Supply-
[April 21, 1817.]
Pacific Railway. 65
l)y the necessity of the case. We re-
cognised the obligation to assist the
Government in carryinfj the Supply
Bill. The hon. member for Middlesex,
however, moved his vote of want of
confidence, refusing to vote one dollar
for the construction of the railway
until the House had adopted the motion,
which wa8_in these terms :
"But, while grantini; this sum, this House
desires to record its view that the arrangements
for the construction of the Uaaadiaa Pacific
Railway shall be such as the resources of the
couDtry will permit, without increasing the
existing rates of taxation."
The monibnt that resolution was
moved the hon. the First Minister was
bound to rise in his place and state that
he would sacrifice his position as First
Minister before ho would accept it.
because it involved an act of bad faith,
he had made a binding obligation with
the Imperial Government and British
Columbia, that a certain work should be
constructed in a certain time. It was
impossible to proceed with tho work
at all if tho resolution wore passed. I
can show the House that tho Govern-
ment of the day are, in the face of that
resolution, violating the constitution by
spending one dollar in connection with
the railway. Whac was the state of
things when the resolution was passed ?
It was this : three millions of addi-
tional taxes had been levied on the
Canadian people, as the hon. the Min-
ister of Justice had stated in one of his
speeches; that British Columbia had
nothing to complain of, for
Parliament had provided three
millions of additional taxeafibr the pur-
pose of constructing the road. The
money was all gone, and to say that
under these circumstances the Govern-
ment should not be permitted to spend
that vote until they had accepted that
resolution, was to say that they should
not spend another dollar in connection
with the railway. The hon. the First
Minister was l>ound to have thrown
himself on tho House, not on one side
but on both sides, and to have said :
" The ffood faith not of the Government
alone, out of Canada, was pledged by
the head of the Government to carry
out the railway, tind I call on the
House to vote down the motion."^ It
is said that the resolution was
■drafted by a Minister and offi ^ed by a
Minister to another gontloraan in this
House a month before, and ho refused
to move it, and that resolution, moved
by the hon. member for West Middle-
sex (Mr. Eoss) was voted for by the
Government and all their supporters;
and when they did that, they placed
themselves in a position from which, I
believe, with all thoir ability and
special pleading, they will find it diffi-
cult to extricate themselves when
arraignod by British Columbia, or by
the Colonial Minister, or any person in
this country, on the serious charge of
having been guilty of badji faith in
relation to this matter. VVhen the
House rose for roccss, (Pago 178;}) I
was dealing with the position in which
the Government were placed by the re-
solution passed at the close of the last
Session, and I had taken the ground that
any expenditure made since the pas-
sage of that resolution by the Gov-
ernment was not only unconsti-
tutional but illegal — that, in fact, they
were bound by tho resolution to stop
at once any expenditure upon the ^Ji^,n"^J^|'J.
Canadian Pacific Kailway. Tho reso- tion-see
lution which I read provided that the™^fo,?',*^''
vote for the construction of the road2^«n>:n«'ont
should only be given to them under ^imf^s, **
the obligation that no portion of itz<""'!".
Ill 11 i.i' II. 1 $S-3' '*** P*'
could be expended which would involve head, si cu.
increasing the existing rate of taxation.
Now, what was the position in which
the hon. gentlemen found themselves
placed the moment that resolution was . ^^
])laccd upon the Journals of this addltm^
House ? Three millions of new ad- '"««"'on-
ditional taxation had bocn imposed
upon the people of Canada, and, which
was admitted by one of the hon. Min-
istei-s to be mainly for the purpose of
constructing the railway. * * *
(Page 1709.) Thanking the House
for their indulgence at this late period
of the Session which they have
kindly given on the ground of tho
vast importance of the subject, and
deeply regretting my own physical
inability, under the circumstances in
which I was compelled to address the
House, to deal with the question as
vigorously as the interests of the
country demand, I beg leave to offer
the following resolution : —
That Ifr. Speaker do not now leave the
Ghair, but that it be Resolred, That this House
caanot approve of the conne pursued by this
\ Rom rasolution dnfted by a Minbtw.
IBadftUhl'"'^-'^
rf'i,
66
Supphj-
[COMMONS.]
Pacific Railway.
W \
OoTornmcnt with respect <,o the Cnnadian
Pacific Kailwiiy.
Mu. Mackenzie moved that the de-
bate be adjourned, the hour being eleven
o'cloelv, and that it bo the first Order
of tl\j) Day for Monday.
VV\
Monday, 23rniK23, ; T7.]
Pacific Jiiiiluaf/.
to ilio stntomciit. Thoro is no doubt,
tlio (!i)Voi-iiineTit wero bound to com-
raonco tlio conHtnirtion wilhin^'two
ycats, but it was not coinmonco;! four
"inoiitli'M iifter that, wbon tlio boii.
^oiitloniiiii and his (iOvt>rrimcnt wont
out of oftico. Nay, moro, at tho timo
ibo lioii. mainllonuin wont out of ottifo
Ihoir s( Iionioliad onlircly taiiod. * •'=
(V•^olumbia that tho terms wore already
hrolvotiip Wo know, Sir, well, as well
iirf wo did before, if not a little bettor,
that it was alrondy hopoloss to expect
to bo able to carry outthe onsagenicnt
tho (loverninent had entorod into; and
Olio of tho lirst matters which enf^aijod
tho serious attention of the Adminis-
tration was tho consideration of the
fourso that should bo adopted with
roifai'd to British Columbia and tho
building" of the road. After various
deliberations wo decided to open a
communication with the British Colum-
bia (lovornment, with a view to obtain-
ing a relaxation oi" tho terms. Wo all
felt that, this solemn engagement hav-
ing been entered into by tho Govern-
ment of Canada, it should not bo lightly
broken by a succeeding Administration,
and we endeavored in that spirit to
approach the Government of British
Colutubia. Though we mot with very
little success at first, wo afterwards did
enter into an agreement with them for
a certain set of modified conditions. I
need not refer to these now, because
they are sufficiently well known to tho
House. They are known in British
TCoIumbia as tho Carnarvon Term^, and
are getiorally discussed under that
name. Whether those terras wore
wise or unwise, whether they wero
extravagant or moderate, is not a ques-
tion that I would discuss at tho present
moment. But I take this ground, that,
situated as wo wero, wo were obliged
to do not what we would have done if
wo had had to originate the scheme.
Wo had not the option of choosing for
ourselves what course we should take.
If tho whole scheme had been thrown
overboard, British Columbia released
ft-om any obligation under the
Terms of Union, and her auton-
omy re-established as it was before
5
tho terms wore proposed in 1871,
then the Administration would have
been at liberty to consider what
mothiHl, i( any, should bo adopted in
order tohocurca rc-admishion of British
Columbia, or a contitiiuinco in the
Union of Britihh Oilumbia, h;i'T sho
chosen to remain without going out.
Thoro could bo no question of this,
that, if any urrangomont could not bo
made, British Columbia would bo
entitled to leave tho Union, and to a
restitution of the position sho had pre-
viously occupied. Now, Sir, I confess to
having a goml deal of anxiety for many
years to have the ('onicdorato system of
Governmont established all over
British North Aniei ica. I confess 1
have I'opoatcdly sacrificed some of my
own individual views, and 1 have on
occusiuiH failod to act with some of
my most cherished political associates,
for tho purpisc of j^ivini;' oll'oct to that
desire, and I would have viowtvl, as 1
view now, with a groat deal of regret,
any step which should bo tiiken for
tho division or excision from Iho Con-
federation of any single Province that
now composes the Con tedcracy. And,
whilo I have this desire, perhaps
stronger than many other public men,
to avoid what, wo would consider, to a
greater or less extent, not a disastrous
result, perhaps, but a result to bo
regretted, tho Government acted upon
that desire, for they all felt it would
bo exceedingly desirable to avoid such
a conclusion as would necessarily load
to one of tho Provinces leaving tho
Confederacy. The hon. gentleman
opposite (Mr. Tupper) has taunted me
with having acted on tho occasion
inconsistently with previous discus-
sions. Ho has declared that the
ground 1 took when in Opposition in
1871 was not tho ground 1 took as an
Administrator in 1874-75-76. Why,
I admit that. If I had taken the
ground I did in ISH, it would siioply
have resulted in disaster all around,
because a certain step had boon
taken which was irrevocable, and wo
were obliged, as an Administration, to
consider, not what would be consistent
on our part to-day, but what would bo
the best policy to adopt. A disastrous
policy having como practically into
operation, we wero bound as statesmen
to consider not our own individual
M»cVen»«e
ha» a riBht
to »eceO«.
C. P. R. to b« commenorf « e«:h «k1 at two ywi from date of Union.
X B. C. complwned terms were broken. t Camwwn temw.
/
«8
Supj'li/—
[COMMONS.]
Pacific Railway.
V
\ ?
\^\ i i
m
'■! hi
Mr
1 'I
m
oi'o(('liot8 or opinions which wo fought
for yi'iiiM Itt foio undoi'diU'oront, ciiruni-
Hliinci-H, Imt wliat was osHcnlinlly no-
ccsH.'iry iiikIoc mow firi-innstiincoM al(o-
golhor ill oidi'rto moot u^roal. nolilical
aixl n!ili<>n:il omum'ii;(MU'v. Wiiy, my
oniriioii was (h:it, though it w:m dosir-
al)h) l<> have a rnilioiul ncnms tlio con-
tinont,whiio I looUod upon il as u politi-
cal noccKsity tit sonio liino or othor, I
iiovor loliovcd ami I no\er haid we
wcio in a condition in 1S71 »>von to
comuuMU-o that iin(ioitakii)>;, and if I
had followed out my conviclion of 1871,
1 would have used tlio power which
(ho ])uople of Canada had ^iven
nio and my associates in order
to tjtamp the whole thing witii
our disapproval, and wait till
ino'O propitious tiincH niul a more
serious emergency should neceHsitatc
our uiulertakiiig a largo expenditure
l()r such a vastly tremendous under-
tiiking. Those were the views I held.
Tlu)se are the views I am bound to say
that are liold l>y nine tenths of this
House at the jnescnt moment. Thofo
are the views which I know are enter-
tained I'V the counliy, and those views
are vii'ws which have to hear M)mo
practical fruit in our legislation and
intervention of the
of the (lay. Why,
to refu-e to carry
af.er this legi>lation
had been made, alter thes(»k>mn treat}-
hnil been entered into by gentlemen
opposite? — a treaty I stamp now, as I
have always stamped it, as one of the
most insane acts of leirishitive mad-
ncss ever known, and I say that the
men who perpetrated it deserve, I
might say, the everlasting ])olitieal
execration of the country, because
they introduced an eleiuent of con-
fusion. They knew they wore deliber-
ately uiulertaking a project which
could not b-j cari-ied into clVeet. The
hon. gentleman ojipcsito (Mr. Tupper)
now deliberately washes his hands of
the whole thing. Ho said that, while
it is true wo passed the Bill of 1871,
the resolutions of Union, we afterwards
passed a lesolution declaring that the
works should only bo done if wo conid
do it without increasing taxation.
Will ho show mo a paragraph, a
sontonce, a word from the people of
British Columbia to Eay that tuej so
Mb. Mackenzie.
through the
Administration
Sir, weie we
out the terms
understood the resolution? And why,
then, was not the resolution embodied
in the Minutes of Council ? If it^ was
intended that this ros«)lution should
have the etl'ect that the hon. member
lor Cumberland (Mr. Tiippci) now
contends for, why was it not !iil(>pled
as part of tho Act at the time? The
resolution which the hon. gcntle-
nnin took through the House,
upon which tho Order in t-oiincil
by Her Majesty is ba>od, is a com-
])loto governmenlid and legislative
Act. It has no reference to any reso-
lution. There is not a wttrd that refers
to anything as a justifying clause,
and the hon. gentleman acts a
disingenuous part in professing
what he never did preteml before.
Tho hon. gentleman never dif!/-
[Ai'IUl23, 1877,]
Pacijlc liailuay. f,0
a;j;i'Ocl to tlii'tii. Tlio lion. ^^ontU'inan
ill (liMt'iiMsin^ lliin iii('iilH wliicli
the I'ii'il MiiiistiM' liiH just Mliitrd wciv fiilrri'd
into will) KiitiHli ('ciliiiiiliia •liiriiif; tlio |iiii*l -toii-
Miiii, sft III ivHt mill riirovcr liny <|ii('.stiiiii HM to
Mlu'tlii'i' wc art! ill ii imsitioii that would ullow
11.4 til doiihl mid li('.-4il,'it)! II Hiii^lr instant whiit
coiiHo III |iiiniiic. I tun lint K'*'"K lu c*!^" ■»
i|iii'Stioii tlir jiroprifty of tlii.-t vii|{UK<'iiH'nt for it
iiiiiiiipiit. I !i'i.d lliul the Miiii.slry ofllii'ilny
LIT t'lltillcil 'I lIlC Sll|l|l0l'l of tliLs lloiHf iiiid
|M'ciiilly III" llii' fri'iitleiiii'ii who sit. on tlio
O|i|iositioii lii'iiclii!!! In iiny tiiRiiyiiro wliii'li iri rc-
(|iiirL'il to curry out tli(> plcdjje— iicrlmiis ii
suiiirwiiiit iiii|>nid<'iil plcdL(u — tliiil,wiig ifivcii l>y
tlii'ir incilfcossoi'ti in icTiitioii tc) tliH urt'iil
work ; mid I fi'cl tliiit tlu-y iniiy look with coiili-
duiH'i! to this siili^ of lliu lloiiai; for lliu iiiomI
cnci'ifctii' !Oi|i|Miil 111 till) iiK'usiircs tlicy hiivo
tiikcii I liclii'vc wi:4i'ly tiikcn— foi the ri'driii|i-
lioii ol that idfdtfr."
Now, Sif, liofo in this jianii^nipli, lir
alliidoH to the t!n<;a^"ein«iit;-( llicy IkuI
inailo as iinpniilcnt (!ii/.(Hj^otn(>iitH, ami
(h'(.larc>s tluit it was the duty of him.selC
and hi.i collou(if"«s in Opposition, to
i^ivf to tlio Miiiistiy of tho day thoir
liearly support in carrying out tho
(liiriiaivoii Toi ms whidi, on Snturday
iii^lit, ho donotinced as cxtrava;^aiit
and ahsnid. 1 need hat'diy, Sir, liuvo
foferred to this in oi'dor to show tho
diiroronco ol tho ground which tho hon.
i^cntloman lakes now and that wiiich
he took on :i I'ortnor occsiHioii, but I
iiKido this (juotntion to show, in his own
laii<;tiago and in hisown express terms,
thai lie considered tho jtledgo they had
^i\uii — it is a very niodorato term to
1)0 sure — an imprudent pledge; and
that while discussing these matters ho
never referred to tho resolution as
governing tlie action of tlio Adminis-
tration in this matter, and as govern-
ing tho obligations entered into by this
country. 8ir, I think that this roso-
lutiim had bomo oHect; I think that it
indicated tho opinion of tl 's House,
und I think that tho delegates from
British Columbia must hnvo attached
more or loss importance to it.
/ Mr. DeCosmos. No.
Mr. Mackenzie. An hon. gentle-
man behind mo says thoy attached no
importance to it. i know that they
always said so ; but. Sir, thoro is no
doubt of this — that the resolution,
whilo having no legal eircct, must have
had some moral influence and etl'ect
upon those with whom we came to dis-
5t
cuss I his ([uoslion aftcrw.ird-'. I am
bound t > s!iy that I inver lound tbo
hlighlest inclination on tho p:»rtof any
Hrilish ('olumbian to rocogiii/.o tho
force of that ro«iolution, and my hon.
IVioiid I ehind mo, the hon. Tiiember lor
Yiclnv'iiX, oxprcsse.s that vor}' strongly ;
but the hon. gentleman at the same
liriu- has never, ti.s I have hoard ol, ox-
pressed a singlo word advorso to tho
lion, member forCutnberlaiid, tilthoiigh
ho knew that he (Mr. Tiippor) took
this ground H ycur ago. it would bo
vnry bail ground for us to take, but it
is all right lor the lion, member for
(/umbijrlund.
Mil. I)kOos.mos. Would the Premier
allow mo to riiaki! a brief remark. I
will slate this : that during la.st ,Se;««»S«s bargain with Blake did so iar as Canada is concrned.
speech, page 958, Railway papers.
See alio Dufferin's
12
I :a
Vi ';
Punic faith,
bad morality
1 i!
V
(
r .1
.j
1
I:
i
Union in
Imperial
mewufc.
, N
, *
1
a
Supjihj —
[COMMOXS.J
Pacific Eailwoy.
of railway aflor reaching the Pacific
Ocean, and that they were to do thin
for nothing. It is the sheorcst triHing
with tho public mind, it is the
sheeroBt triding with this House to
say that any comxiany -would under-
take to build what tho Government
chose to put ill for $30,000,000 and
50,000,000 acres oi land. The whole
thing was a huge farce. The whole
scheme was undertaken quite evidently
to servo a temporary political purpose;
and they resolved that they would
first secure that political pui-pose, and
that then something or other wouM
happen which would enable them to
gain something in the scramble. They
weie utterly unworthy of the position
they held, when they entered into an
agreement which they knew they
could not carry out, and which the
hon. gentleman now tells us they never
intended to cany out. And 1 appeal
to the House ai.d the country against
that kind of political moralit}', which
, will sanction a treaty being entered
info, and three years after-
wards it being declaieJ that they
never meant to carry it out, .Sir, I am
astonished that any publiu man wouUl
give utterance to such a sentiment as
the hon. geotlcman has admitte 1 to be
the sentiment which animated liim at
the time ; and which governs his actions
now, and that he has no other object
in view but to endeavour to roach tho
position he is constantly telling iis he
18 to reach very soon. Now, Sir, I
shall say nothing about tho sop to
Cerberus or who represents Cerberus
in tho matter. The hon. gentleman
says tho money given to the Inland
was a sop thrown to Cerberus, My
hon. friend from Vancouver can deal
with that, as he knows what is meant
by it.
Mr. DeCosmos. There were British
Columbia and Imperial interests aUo,
Mr. Mackenzie. A word as to
British interests. The bon, gentle-
man said tho Carnarvon teim«, as
they were known, were not only an
engagement with British Columbia
but with the Imperial Government
Tho very basis of tho negotiation with
British Columbia was that tho Ordel- in
Council of 1871 was also Imperial in
its character. Tho hon. goi.tlcman
Mb. Mackenzie.
• The morn' <
knew that it was impossible to cjirry
this out without the Imperial sanction.
Ho knows that Columbia appealed to
Her Majesty, and that Her Majesty's
CJovernment, as the guardian of those
interests which were committed to
them by both parties, when both
parties sought Her Majesty's assent to
these resolutions, were placed in this
position as much as wo were placed in
it, by our action of being subject to
the same extent to Imperial opinion,
if not to Imperial control. There is
nothing in tho arrangement made by
this Administration, through Lord
Carnarvon, but wiiat ha^ not been
accepted by British Columbia, in con-
sequence ot tho failure of the E.squimalt
and Nanaimo liailway Bill, that differs
in character from that which was
adopted by tho hon, gentleman in 1871
— not the slightest— so that, if tho
resolution as to taxation applied to
govern thoir action of IVfl, tho same
resolution applies to govern tho plan
as adopted by the present AdminiMtra-
tion, and wo have alvvays held to wha. -
ever moral extent it might bo supposed
fairl}' to have elTect. Sir, wo stated,
in tho first place, in 1874, in accepting
those terms, that we did it because we
conceived thoj' could be carried out
without violating that parliamentary
resolution. We stated in a suksequent
Minute that those conditions arranged
with Columbia through Lord Carnar-
von woro necessarily predicatotl upon,
and subject to, this Parliamentary
resolution of a certain date. That
Avill be found in our despatch, and in
the Act of 1871 wo embodied that
resolution. Ir. tho vote of Supply
last Session, whec tho amendment was
moved by my hon, friend Ironi West
Middlesex (Mr. Eoss), almost the
entire House f,ave its asscot to that
doctrine ; showing that, whilo wo
admit that it had no legal effev^t with
British Columbia, and could not and
should not bo dealt '^ith as a legal
I'idor to tho Terms c. Union, there
was a moral eifo^t^o bo attached to it,
which must govern the action of this
country. And I have stated over and
over again, in asking for tho votes to
carry on this work, tho purpose and
intention ol the Government to remain
within this resolution. The hon. gen-
tleman says wo have already increased
•
ffect intanded was to afTect public opinion advereely to C. P, d
Supply —
[April 24, 1877.]
Pacific Railway.
73
with
legal
taxation. To be Buro wo have, because
we found it nc-ossary, apart from the
Oohimbia expondituro altogether, in
1874 to obtain an increase of revenue.
It was not on account of thaff but other
expenditures hud increased to a great
extent and there had been a great full-
ing ort" in tliO rovonuo from other
sources. Jiut the mere fact that wo
incr('a.sod taxation does not bind us to
iRcrcjifio it any more. Wo ai-o not tf)
say that, because we have an engage-
ment with a party and we shall not
increase taxation to pay him, we shall
not increase it for any purpose. Thoro-
foro wo consider that our faith was
thoroughly kept with IJritish Colum-
bia; that, in fact, we hav;- ''hown an
anxiety to preserve the goci'l f'nilh of
the country to the utmost possible ex-
tent ; and no taunts of tho lion, gcntio-
mon oJ)po^ito, no accusations will, in
tho slightest degree affect our purj)ose
in that regard, or our policy, which
is to cany out in good faith these
engagements, so lU* as the financial
conilition of tho country will j)ermit
us to do so. =i= * * (Page 1727.)
I have little more to .say. In conduct-
ing their genei-fd policy, the GoTorn-
mont have had to encounter great
difficiiliies. Tlioy ha^e had to c.nil on
their supporters to make some sacrifices
in relation 'o the voting of puhlic
money. They have to call on their
suji|^or(cr8 to siijjport them still in
carryini; to a successful concUiNion
su( h nog()tiations;||as may yet hecome
neco.?^:. ' y with (ho Province of Mritish
Cuiumbi.'. I have pointed out. with
I'egart] to those obligations which were
not of our cicjUiiig, tl at we siiccetdod
at loa'>t in modifying them, and that
we hnvo endeavored, lo the best of our
power, knowledge and ahility, to serve
the jiiiMic, both in the old Province of
Canaiia iind the Province of Briti-h
Cohimhia ; and if wo have not been so
successful as wo would desire, if the
ciromn.-t.incos of the country have been
such as to loquiro us to move with
caution nnd discietioii, I am quite sure
that, in that niattei-, every single mem-
ber who has siip)»orted myself and the
Goveninient that I lead, from the first,
will he prepared to make due and pro-
per ailowj'nce. =!= * *
AIu. VVrioht (Ponliac) said : '^' * *
(Page 175:i.) As to the alleged in-
sanity of tho terms with British
(Jolumbia, he had sufficient confidence
in the people of that Province to
believe thai had the railroad been put
under construction there would not
have been the same discontent as
existel now, even if it had not bcon
completed within the ten j'ears. * *
(Page 1753.) Tho hon. the Minister
of Justice in ii speech at, Aurora end oa-^''^™'"'',''
vored to excite discord between thocanadn
Provinces. IJecause the Province of f;;' *;=^,'['""'
British Columbia was u small one in rci>rc«iiution|
its representation, and did not have a"' "' *"'
sufficient number of votes to mako
itself felt, this should be no reason why
the juoral obliijations incurred with
respect to it should not bo carried out.
If liritish Columbia was a disaffected
Province, the tiov(;rnnient was respon-
sible. Instead of trying to cement tho
Union, the hon. tho Minister of Justice
taunted British Columbia with being
nothing but a .sea of mountains.
'^ *ji r^^ *J* •J^ f^ J^
Tuesday, 24th Apri'. 1877.
SUPPLY— PACI KIC RAI LWA Y
^- (Pago
would pass
Mu. Dymo.M). '<• '■
177H.) Many years
over before the road would be
completed. Briii.-h Columbia might
seem a burden to '.hem during
that period, but, ul though what he said
might grate harshly on tho ears of
some of his most respected political
friends, he believed that this country
had no conception of what value that
Provin''e would ultiiiuitoly I'C to tho
Dominion, lie beliov-li()ultl
lonu'inlKT that Vancouver l.iland was
witliin 1,11(10 niilos of .la]t:in, willi a
|)0|iulation ol'.'Ut.t (M),()()(l, and :il a not.
niiuli icioalordistnnco rroinCIiina.willi
a population of JLTi.tKKI.OOO. Tliv'y liad,
tlion, lor p-o-poctivf custoniorH, tjio
po|)Mlation ot'lwo countrios whiidi wiMo
just aliout br^iiiniii^ to witnosn tlio
dawn ol'a now world ( ivili/.ution ; ctislo-
nicrs who would lui sujipliod from our
racilic t^oalioaid as rasiiy an from any
othor i»art ot iho world — far moro
oasily ilian tVonj I'lni^iand, far moro
oasily th:in tVoni any ICuiopoan country.
!Io was qui'.o awaro that Canada mu«t
Coi' a con^^'dlM■!lillo (inio ho content to
hoar a heavy hurdcn inordiM' toaoconi-
))li.sli this /^roal woik ; hut, wliolhor
thoy looUod at it a> a mat tor of
interest, wli<>lhor they loo'd
laith, that work would have lu ho
rtcooiu|di>hel. If they turno I, for ex-
ample, to Iho pai'oid eouulry, thoy
woulvl lind that the main .source of (.ho
power and croilit o( (Jr^'at I5i'itain cOii-
.sistod in the dojiondoui'O ih;it had ai
way.'^ Ikhmi ]ihn'od up.)n hi'r j»lii::htod
word; and wo eould not in Canada to-
day, in our relations with Hiitish Col-
Cin.vU?i'5fr '"*^''"' •^"•^' '"^•■^- •'*■'" '" '""' rolalioiut
1101 rvimaiatc. vitli any ll)roii;ii ]),)wer, dare fur one
tm)monl to uUcr the shamoful woid
"repudiation."^
Ilepcndent
on norcix'vlit
Ma. La.nijkvi.v said
( rai.ro ITSl ) he wa>-
tho lion, nicmliof tor
* * *
ijlad to heai'
" North York
(Mr. l>yniondj o.\pre.'-s him^olt as ho
le was 1)01-
'W
V.
did, bocauso on that
foetly ri'j;ht. That (ountry and "the
couuiry west of it, ho meant Bi i
tish C.^ht he, us an hon.
memhor, whom ho ro^rotlol not to see
in his place on aceount of sieknoss, had
said, "a sea of nn)unlains" in that
country. Hut that hon. ^ontleman
would ehanixo ids viows, ideas and oori-
viol ions wore ho to j^o there and soo
that country lor himsell. lie would
lind that it was a <'ountry worth nn-
noxinjf, tinit it was full of rosoHi-
ooH, an«t only requiri>d a railway
which would hrin^ il popidation
ami wealth, anil (ho MMuioy that
wo Would expomi tlioio would i:jo
, hack (o tiio cotVors of the llonilrdon
tenfold. =t= * * (.Pa^o 1782.)
Ilo W(tuld not discuss that policy at
any loiif^th as il hail hoen discus.'-ed by
others heforo him, hut ho wouly tho I'iM.ser rou.o tho
hon. tho First Minister sjiid thoy ftiigh'
brins;' a railway down lo Y.ile, and then
ValewoiiM be accessible by water all
tho year round. That wis asiutomont
whiid) he had no duiibt t!.o First
.Nrinislei- h.'id ^ood t;roui;u:i for making ;
but he could assure h!!n lliai. wore he
to go to lh-iti.sh Coiniidiia, ho Avould
find that tho Pacitic Jl.-iihvay could not
end at Yaiv\ hut mir t go down to
Ihinard Inlet, because ho would ^oe if
ho woio there in tho wiiilor months
that Yulo could not be reach'jd by that
means. 4-
y[\x. DkCoswos. Hear, hear.
Mu. liANiiEVlN said he did not make
the statement as a rejtroach to tho
I'irst .Mini>ier. [t was '(Uite natural
that ho might make a mistnko o\ this
kind about loealities whii h he hu'l hoen
unablo (o visi(, but tho:-o who had
visited British Columbia, or had come
from that Province, would '' '1 him
the Bamo x\h ho (Mr. Lang'.vin) had
' She has practically repuill.-xted her Rciilw.iy agreement *ith P. C.
t Tale not iea-bo-itd. It coiiUl not lie ruached in winter ■•noiiths.
Siipply-
[Ai-nir, 24, 1877.]
Pari fie liailway.
i of this
s an lion.
|Ol to SCO
lusss, liinl
ill lliiit.
DiiiU'innii
iiud coti-
iliul 8(10
10 would
■orlli im-
f tOSOMI-
i;iil\vuy
tpiilation
loy thai
iToiiM t;o
i)i)Mlillioil
,'0 1782.)
]>,)liiy lit
I'lissctl hy
11 1(1 .^itoalc
had boon
iiii^tor iw
■hicli l)ri
k'ciiU' tho
i Ihmiigli
route was
fivur, jvntl
i'.>i.f\) ho
I'.is Miodi-
) over tho
to »how
to nIiow
il.ii;''rt ol
ii; .• tho
oy miglH
uid tl'on
;iter all
iloinonl
.0 Fiivt
nJilcuif;;
woro ho
11' would
"ttid not
lovvn to
id ^-00 it'
months
iy Lhut
IK
)( mnko
to tho
natural
:> ol this
had boen
vlio had
lad como
'I him
III) hud
luiktlvs.
and ho was hiiio hirt hon. I'ricnd from
Violoriii (.Mr. l)o(.'o.smoH) wuiild hUji-
port him in that.
Mit. Dk(^)s.mos. IToar, hoar.
Mr. li.VNdKViN said Iho othor ob-
joctioii to that roiito wuh that tho line
wont too iioiir tho Amoricun frontiei".
Urooiirso it was said thatlhoii; was no
diim^orola war with tho Hiiitod Status,
and that that should nut ho a i|Uosti()i..
Woll, thoro inif^ht bo noditlioiilly now,
wo ini^lit bo at poaoo for i-ixty or a
luindrotl yoars ; but, whoii a work of
this niii^Cnii lido was bciiif^ biiiii, when
they worn to oxjioiid hir/fo sums of
nioiioy, tlioy should put tho railway at
tho propor plaoo, tlicy should adopt
the proper lino, they should look lo tho
l'iitui«! and .-;iy : ''la thai tho line
tho railway should follow wero wo
an iiido|ioiidont po.wcr, were wo in
dimcully with tho IJnitod Slattts?"
beoaiiso, of o(iui>o, ti.'oiiiifh one sniilod
wln'ii wo spoke of v/nr botwoon (.'aiiada
and iho lliiilol Stat'js, il musl^ lutt bi^
foruoMon that Canada, in a humlred
year.i' time would not bo the (.'anadaof
tod.'iy, thill instead of four niillions, a-*
wo had today, we would h. ;o a huii-
(iii'l millions (tr iiu.ro in a iiUMlicd
yvMis, and would bo a j-n-ut couiilry,
a ;^ioat ]» )Wor on this continent! We
shoiiid Ihoreforo locale on i- lino whoro
that _i,MOiit enipiro of the Noiili would
iei,iiiio to have its railwa}' built. ;\n-
o'.hcM' reason against that lino was that
with a slior' in.-id, a short biuhcli, the
Aiiioiicaiis oil Iho other side of the line
eould lap our l\'i( ifie K.;ilway, and wo
would pill ilc tcrniinii-' uiiliin tlioiv
teni'.oiy, and build up a ^ual oily
llieio at <>ur e.Viteii.-eA no wouli
I'
liuvo
built a ri(ilw:ty and spent aii'lions upon
it, and fiii;i!ly iho ^re.'it toinuMUsot llio
road Wo: I id bo on Anierican 'vmi itoiy,
Mr. DkCo'^.mos. Hear, Jicar.
Ma. L.VNMiKViN said thai was a ^Moal
objoclioii. 'J'liere was another I'ln.son
also. When they wont down to Wnv
rard Jrdot, theio thoy leiiuiiod, aocord-
in<; to tho rejiort whieli had been
phu ed in their hands lately, in order
to biiiii.; ships lo Huirard Itiletjf'a tow-
age of 7d miles, and when they went
into iho iuioiior of Humid Inlet of
nearly ! miles; ut all events it was
a loii^' dir-ianco, and that was anoLhor
' l.'initivin'i opinion of Praser Routo don'l favour it.
t 70 miles lowage to ittirrarU » Iiikt, ^o to Port Motidy.
objection. Further on their way tho}*
would have lo |ias'. under the guns of
tho Island o( San .liian.
Mr. J)eCosmo8. Hear, boar.
■Mil. LANiiKVi.N said it was a very
unhappy day when wo IomI San Juan ;
but, of course, the mattev had been loft
lo an arbitrator, and ho had decided
a/rjiinst us. IJo had no doubl he do-
eided according to his eoiisi ieiice, but
it was a very i-orry day i'-r Canada.
It was true that k<*'"K ''>' '1'^' Kiasor
Itiver thoy would jiass throu;.rli a settled
jtorlion ol" tho country. On the main
litu! they woiiM ^o through a territory
where, according to tho First Minister's
htatenionf, Ihe^rjide would not o.^ceod
T)- (eel ill a mile, and llu^y woui 1 ob-
tain, jKuhaps, a shorter louto than tho
Ihito Inlet route, and conso jucntly it
nii,'.;ht cost l(v-s than the latlor. 'fhoso
wore tiie rdijections to and di.'-advnii-
la^os of that route. (Jon.inT to Iho
Muio Inlot roui(», there thoy had a more
direct roiilo. They nii;,f!it have heavy
work, and the}- had the cro'-;^>iii;^ of tho
Siru'f-* to lb; but ihey could nol help seeing
that il ihc Kraser route would c( .-t leas,
it il would be less in length, if iho
;.;rad(s would not c.NCce.l liliyUvo feet
I . ihe n.ile, on the other lunul. liio Bute
Iidct route would bo further fiom tho
frontier, and would iiave as its tcr-«
minus either the harbor of J"!M|uimalt
or Ihe great haibiu' of B;>iclay Sound,
ill whicli ca>e tiiey would i:ot require
lo pi>s> under tho gunsoftlie Ameiicann,
and they woull i.avo acecss to tho
'^:H
ppp
Ferry lo
Nanaiino.
76
\
Canadian
[COMMONS.]
Pacific Railway.
ports Jill tlio year round, lie believed
that Burraru Inlet was also open
throiitr'iout the year* From this Inlet
they could cross in a ferry to Nanaimo,
und go by tlio Nanaimo Koad either to
Esqnimalt or Harclay vSi.und. At the
latter place there would lo a very
(short lino indeec!. ;ind, therefore, in both
cases, wIuMIkh- t hoy selected the Fraser
River or IJiite Inlet route, ttioy could
roach the harbor of Ewiuitnalt or the
harbor of Haiclay Sound, and have the
liarbor open during the whole 3'ear.
whore j)rntection could bo all\»rdud by
the British fleet in the event of a war.
Besides, the railway would be far
onough oft" from the Americans at Bute
Inlet to be protected. Tho contrary
was, poihaps, the stron^e^t I'cason
urged against the Fraser route, but it
might not be an insuperable difficulty.
Ho had done his best to bo as ini|ai'tial
as possible between the two lines. The
First Minister had alluded to the pass-
ago of the Jiill relating to the Ksqui-
nialt and Nanaimo Railway through
the JloUftO, and its defeat by u majoiiiy
of two in the Senate. They knew of
whom this majoiiiy wa«t forrued, being
composed of friends of the hon. gentle-
man, who had just been appointed to
seats in the olher Chamber. Never-
theless, those hon. gentlemen hml acted
independently and very properly, be-
cause the Senate was established for
the purpose of controlling too hasty
legislation. The hon. gentleman said
ho would have been censured had he
resigned on that occasion, but he (Mr.
Langevin) did not think that a member
of the Opposition ha».l ever .stated that
the hon. gentleman fehould then have
resigned. If, however, that measure
was such as should have received- the
sanction of the House, why bad not
the hon. gentleman re-intro(Ju('ed it the
following Session? Nothing had hap-
pened in the interval to cause the hon.
gentleman to believe tint, the Bill was
an improper one; and during that
period the hon. gentleman bad ap-
pointed other Senators. What reason
did the hon.geiitloman have for having
t'lree years previously, before a vole
had been given in tho Hcnute dining
the jiresont Adrainisti'titioi!, iiskod the
Imperial CTOvernmofit to empower him
toaj>point six 1 dditional Senators — not
in accordance with, but in violation of,
the Constitution, which only provided
lor such nominations in cases of ex-
treme emergency, when till' Senate had
repoau'dly refused to allow public
measures to pass? * ^'
*
• Entrance or Uurrarcl Inlet, about r; tniles from Port Moody.
ExTKACTS from the " Debates of the Hotise of Commons of the Dominion
of Canada, Isl Session, 4th Parliament, 1879," on the Pacific
liaittcut/.
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
i'^atunlay, lOth Mau, 1ST9.
CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY.
KESOIiUTIONS I'ROPOSKI).
Mil. Turi'ER * •-" • (Piige iSSn.)
It will bo romcml)ored that, alter
the Union of tJie Biitish North Anu-ri
can I'rovinces, as at tirst onibiactul, the
geiiciiil (ipitdon and sentiment ot the
people was tli;it it was excefdii'giy
desi) ablo that t'le Norlli-WesL'i'ei'i iiory
f'houid be :uii!ed to the Domiri )n, and
niea-.uies were taken which, i believe,
met with the api»roval of all poliiical
parties |()f vlio purpose of acquiring
Mil. La.nulvin.
thul va^t tenitoiy. Tlien it was felt
on the part of the then (rovi'i-mnent,
led liy the right hon. g ntlctnun who is
now the head oi the p: < f-o t A:mini-
sir;iti iii.ibat tl.ocon-olul.itio I o( M itish
North America won d to MieMm;.ilete;
that tlie conso^iilatiou il Ihiiis:, p (wer
on tirs eonliiient woiilit bis ineoniplete
if tho Facitic eoasi Pro incc of U, itish
Columbia were not iniiel to ihe ('on-
to leration. When tlie iHidiiiMii ()r!hat
Province to the otiiui' nnitt d I'rovinccs
was brou;clit undor ci-n-i'leraiion. it
was found that to have a r<'al union
between that Provine" a;;(i ihe o'hei'
poriivins of (Janada, ;i line ot cominuni-
cation <>1 some kind wan indisp' ns.ible,
und to make that lii.e valuable it must
Canadian
[May 10, 1819.]
Pacific Railway
in
be a iftilway. The Government
addressed themselves to the duty of
devising measures by which that might
be accomplished, but when they
pledged themselves in good failh to
British Columbia to promote the con-
struction of that line of interooeanic rail-
way, they wore under the impression
that the question was much easier of
solution than it has since proved to be.
The Government believed that by
appropriating 50,000,000 acres of land
and $'JO,000,OOi) o^' the public money,
parties would bo found who would take
the scheme up as a private enterprise,
and carry it to completion. It may bo
said that those opinions were not well
founded ; but tho Gov'-nment, at that
time, believed they a well founded,
■nd tiiat they had abundant cvidetice
that this great work could bo accom-
plisiied in that way. Those expectations
were not realised, and I need not say to
tho llouso we have been disappointed
in accomplishing tho construction ol
the work in the way it was then pi'o-
posed. Hon. gehtlemcn opposite who
succeeded us in power, recognized not
only tho great importance to the whole
of Caniida of carrying to completion
the building of tho great Pacific
Railway, but alt^o that in tho position
they then occupied, good faith with
that Province involved the necessity of
carrying it forward by another lueasure,
having that object in view. * -^ *
(Page 18b8.) Now, as I liave said,
it would be quite impossiblefor tho(^ov-
erllnlont,t'orasingle niomen(,toho itate
as to what was their duty in regard to
this question. First, there is still the
ioijiortaiiceof constructing this great
v,ork, admitted by all political panics;
second, there is the fiict of Uiegood laitli
of tho country being ])lodged to the
Province of liriti>-h Columbia to carry
as rapidly as possible tho railway to
completion jHl^ and, third, tho large
e.xpundiUire already involvcnl to carry
it out. Under these circumstances,
Sir. tho Government were obliged to
address themselves to this importunl
question of how Ibis 'object could be
attained, good fiiith with iiritish
Goluml ia maintained, (he construction
of the Canadian Pacific lijiil'.vay ac-
complihhed, and, at the («arno time,
monsnrirs adojited that would prevent
the financial condition of this country
being seriously embarmssed or im-
perilled. * * * I know
from tho voice I hear l"^''''"*'n ■ • i,
mo that their cftbrts have not beei WanMsadsfiSj.
sufficient to satisfy British Columbia.
1 am aware that a great deal of uneasi-
ness and apprehencion has been excited
in that Province, not only with refer-
ence to the action of the late Govern-
ment, but with reference to tho
probable action of this Govern m'cnt.
But i do trust that our friends in
British Columbia will feci that they
must not look at this question from tho
favorable point of view from which wo
were able to look at it several ycaj'S
ago when it was first introduced ; but
that they must look at it surrounded
with tho diflicullies that have since
pi'O'Cnted themselves in carrying it out.
They must remember the fact that in
relation to railway enteri rise on this
continent a great change of opinion has
taken place iimong British capitalists
a>id among thf capitalists of the world ;
that it was much easier a few j'oars ago
to bring jbreiyn capital into this
country to promote a work of Ihi" kind
than it is to-day. Thoy must iccogiii/o
the fact, that in the (^hanged financial
jiosition of Canada, we must ;'ll bow to
the inevitable in relation to u quotion
of su-h magnitude as this, and provided
they li.'id the ut,(d
to ririct of country
between Lalce Sujicrior and the J{od
River, as money ex|Hinded in a way
that ia most likely to hO develop, so
improve, and to people the great fer-
Road?
• 'luFper, ffuKiVIng as Minisutr of Rttllw»>-!i, ujks of gooj faith. Why wa» noi E. 4 N. Kaiiw.-iy intlutle t
i -i
It
tilo cou. .ry of tlic North-West us to
i^lvo us :i suLi^tantiiil basis upon which
wo may hopo to siiccoeil in ])ormoatini;
tho still more difficult and oxtonsivo
region IVoiii tlio Ii(jcUy Mountains down
to the sliorcs of tlio Pacific. And,
although this exjjeiiditui-o of public
money has not been made within the
Province of Ih'iti.sh Columbia, 1 am free
to May that that esjjonditure, in my
judgment, lias been made in a way
much better calculated to i'.iie.
« * « • « * ^ *
Mu. MvcicKNziE. * '■■'• * (Pago
18!I7.) lie admitted the cxtreino
dini(ullies Avhich were placed in tlie
pulh ni that Admini>tialioii, by the
Ho. action of tho lion, gonileman utid his
colleaguoH, prior to onr advent to ofllco,
and that the engagement nudo with
Jirilish ( ()luml)ia to conmtruct a road
from L.ike iN'ipi,«sing, in Ontario, to
goiuo point on the Piiciiic cosi.^t, within
ton years, was an engagement impos-
illl. Tui'l'Ktt.
• Why not keep it t
siblo of fulfillment. When wo came
into ofHce, wo found that Parliament
was solemnly committed almost to a
treaty obligation with that Province,
to accomplish this stupendous work,
lie repeatedly pointed out to the House,
and no said it agiiin now, that in no
country in tho world had such formid-
able diftlcultie.s been oxpononcod in
making a suyvoy as what wa.s presontod
on the Canadian Pacific Eailway. Yet
wo were attacked, year after year by
the hon. gentleman and his friends for
not having kept faith with British
Columbia. Now wo are called upon by
hon. gentlemen opponite to help thorn
in their difficulties. They will always
find that gentlemen on this side will bo
prepared to consider all such questions
from a truly national point of view. We
recognize tho obligations rodtinj,' upon
us as Cap'^dians, and' while I assort, in
the most positive manner, that nothing
coidd have boon done by any Adminis-
tration during our term of office that
we dill not do, or try to do, in order to
accomplish, or realize those expecta-
tions which wore gonorated by the
Government of hon. gontlemcn oppo-
site, in their admission of British
Columbia into tho Confcdor.'icy, 1 say, at
tho same time, that wo endeavored, not
merely to keep tho national obligations,
but wo ventured, to a great extent, our
own political existence as administra-
tors ; wo risked our political position
for tho sake of carrying out to comple-
tion, in tho best wsiy i.o.<.-3il)le, tho
course which hon. gentlemen opposite
had ])romised shoidd bo taken. Wo
knew that, no matter wh:it course wo
took, we would bo buhjocL to blame
eithei from hon. gentlemen opposite,
or from our own friends. We had, on
the one hand, to maintain that which
was equivalent almost to a tretity obli-
gation with British Columbia, whose
poptihition oidy reached a few thoii-
bunds.t'''' -^ * (Pago 11)01.) Wo
are told gravely, in one of tho resolu-
tions, that wo are to be asked to vote
— what ? '' That in theojtiiiion of this
House tho selection of tho Burrurd
Inlet terminus was jiremataro." Well,
what does prematiuo mean ? That it
was selected too soon — is that it? V^ery
well, then. Sir, what will bo .-"aid when
it Li kiiov.'n that the mom her for
Victoria, tho Premier, and his Admiu-
t Small population of H. C. i. a fallacious nrgume,,,.
See her contribution to Conaol !■ uiiel, page 144.
Canadian
TMay 12, 1819.]
Pacific Railway. 7!>
istration selected a route by Bute Iiilot
to Esquimau, tivo jears before that. It
was prematu-'d ; that is, itseem.-*, after
wo had completed the surveys on all
the known possible linos, that only
then did we announce our final deter-
mination. But the hon. gentlemen
oppos'te, before there was an inch of
country surveyed, committed them-
selves to the selection of the Bute Inlet
and Ef-quimalt route, ^k * * (Pago
1904.) The distanco.^rc much loss ;
the distance across from Nanaimo to
Bunard Inlet is not over 25 miles —
this distance I have had measui-od by
careful parties — while the distance
from Waddington Harbor io Otter Cove
is G6 miles. * * *
Sir John A. Macdonald * * :k
(Page 190l>.) Now, wo arouse the
inr(v
pared to construct a branch^linc fi'om
Victoria to Naiuumo, and in ouiie
they reached the straits, whether they
would cause a lino to be constructed
along the oast coast." Mr. Langevin,
in reply, said that tho intention of tho
Government was to go to Esquimalt,
and, if that was impracticable, and tho
road went to Bui-rard inlet, a ferry
would bo established to connct:t it with
Esquimalt. There was no uncertain
sound on ouV part us to tl»e choice of
Esquimau, but, when wo were asked:
Will you have tho terminus at Bute
Inlot or Burraixi Inlot ? wo said,
Whether wo choose Burraj-tl or any
other terminus, wo will still have the
|§ ferry to Esquimalt as tho Pacific h«rl)or
of British Columbia.
■'r- * :}: ^4 ;J; ;)c ^!
J What m/i^'T^ ""'"'"? »'I t'lkeii in the taiJ Acts and
resolution, and that the construction of the
railway should only lie proceeded with at such
ii rate a^ will not necessitate increasinj^ the
rate of taxation lieyond that existinj; at the date
of the above recited resolution in the Session of
IHTC"
Sin .loiiN A. MAci)ONAr.i>s!ii(l ■'^ '■''•
(IX'« 1!'7-1) : On tho Isl of July, 1877,
llic(T()Vcriiim*iitoi't hilt day pronoiJiicod
thrit tho Pacifio Hailway toiminus must
1)0 at J3iito liilot Of Dcaii Clianncl. On
tho 23rd of May, prcvioiiely, J»n Oidor
in Council was pa!= ^= ■''- Not a
blow^hnd been struck on tho 1,500
miles of railway required between
Selkirk and the Pacific coast, yet a
solemn binding engagement had beon
entered into between the hon. gentle-
man, British Columbia and the Im-
perial Ciovorninent, that, before 1800,
1,500 miles slioiild bo completed, no
matter whether additional taxation
would bo required or not. lie had also
entered into engagements which in-
volved tho expeiidituroof 825,000,000,
and now he stnltilied himself by asking
tho House to cancel all those engage-
monts.
Mn. Mackenzie said * =•'• ■■■
(Pago 1076) : As to tho solemn binding
engagoraent of tho Carnarvon Terms.
I'rom his rocollection of the despatch
of 17th Soptcmbor, 1874, agreeing tu
tho terms propDsod by Lord Carnarvon,
he was of opinion that such action as
that by tho late Government could bo
taken "without any violation of any
cnaclmont or parliamentary resolution.
In another desp.itch, in 1876, it was
stated that that engagement was pre-
dicated upon, and subject to the con-
ditions cmbotlied in tho law.
Mr. Tupi'EU, It is not in tho forms.
Mh. Macke.\/ik said there wcro no
terms signed by two paftics as in a
contract ; there was simply tho Minutes
of Council. Tho Minister of Public
Works complained that tho late Gov-
ernment had not cai-riodout tho Terms
of Union which said that tho railway
should bo built as a condition of Union
upon certain forms therein niontioncd.
Tho Govornment Avhich preceded his
t Nothing done between Selkirk and Pacific, 1,500 mill
, up to May, 1879 : strange mode of keeping faftS.
xpcndituro
Iho prevent
If of public
ucitiu lluil-
woiild in-
le lirst net
icn ho got
Houso to
I taxation,
kc, linil do-
l to Bocuro
Hclliiilway.
the decision
bo people of
► the statc-
10 extent ol'
ttion of the
=1= Not a
u the 1,500
od between
coast, yet a
nt had been
hon. gentlc-
uul the Tm-
hefoi-c 18t>0.
unploted, no
vx\ taxation
lie had also
:8 which in-
$25,000,000,
o!f by askinj;
lioscrengago-
* :;;
emu binding
von Toi'tns.
the despatch
agreeing to
d Carnarvon,
uh action as
lent could bo
ation of any
u-y resolution.
1876, it was
lent was pro-
t to the con-
aw.
in the terms,
hero were no
afties as in a
ily the Minutes
tor of Pnblic
the late Gov-
out the Terms
., the railway
ition of Union
sin monlioned.
preceded his
I Pacific, ii500 mil« .
>f keeping fartV.
Canadian
[May 12, 1879. J
Pacific Jiailway. 8 1
had iilirady violated the terms as to the
ac'coiiiiilisliment of coriain work on the
Paciiic h'aihv.'iy; when his (ioveriuncMl
look olHco. two years iiad passed with-
out wo!'l< being done. Ho had always
undcr.-tood (hat tho cxccMilion of the
tertns made with Lord (.'iirnarvon was
salijcct to Canada's ability to pi-ocoed
wilh tho work, subject to the Act they
pa.-.scd thomsclvcs, without any amend-
ment having been proposed by the
hon. gentlemen oj)posite, or any seri-
ous oi)p()>ition to it from them.
Sir .loiiN A. Macdonam). Was not
the Carnarvon an-angomont between
Canada and Britisli Columbia and tho
IJritishtiovernment, just as binding and
conclusive as to the road being finished
in IS'JO, as the original cngagomont?
Mu. M.\ci\KS/iK. It was qualitiel
by the terms of our Act.
Ma. Tui'i rii said that on or before
the 1st September, IcOO, the railway
was to be completed and opened for
Iniffie, and so forth. Those were tho
terms, and tho hon. member for Lamb-
ton liad told tho House, having, in the
recess of I'arliament, made a com])act
with the IJrili.shtJovcrnment and Brit-
ish Columbia that, by 1890, 2,000
miles of railway should bo completed,
in answer to Mr. Bhiko's question as to
what authority tho hon. gentleman
])io]>o.'^cd to tako from I'ariiament to
sanction that enormous engagement,
lliat, in.>,tead of $1,500,001) th.^ Govern-
ment proposed to si)ond 82,000,000 a
year within British Columbia, and
linit>h tho railway coniieetions within
that Province, and downward to tho
jioinl indicated, before l&HO; and that
they had nothing to ask iVom Parlia-
ment. So he hud power to make a
.-olomn binding engagement, i-cgardless
altogether of the financial condition of
Ihe country, and complete tho^e 2,000
miles in eleven years. The terms were
scaled, antUall Parliament had to do
was to vote\him tho mono}'; and yet
they had these captious objections
made to a proposition that involved no
expenditure, no additional bui'den,
which they believed was calculated to
relieve tho country from tho enormous
obligations already contracted.
Mr. Mackenzie said he wished to
hHfi in answer to a remark about an
' %^M?;S-'^^''\' '878-over three year, after E. &
Mr. Mackenzie refund to build E. & N. without land.
*5i 'o7.S»
Order in Council of the Iat(; Govern-^ „ .
^ • t • ' * 11 Cancelled
mont, rescinding or giving up binds oiiMa)ri3. 1878.
Vancouver Island, that that did nol^«)^'»«h Columbia agree I
there should bo noincrexso of ta.vaLion,
and that tho road .should bv) commenced
and finished with the assist.ince ot
private entorpri.se, and not by the
(rovernment.
Mh. Caktwrioiit. 1 objected most
decidedly to tho hon. gentleman's
terms, because ho put them without
any qualiiication nr raodilication what-
ever in an Imperial Act, or in resolu-
tions which were to nave the forco of
one, and, because be deliberately voted
down, by his then majority, a propo-
sition of myself and Sir A. T. Gait, to
intrfKluoe modifying terms. IL.d be
not dono that, his ca.se would, to some
extent, have boon parallel to ours.
What I always accused bon. gentlemen
oposite of, was their deliberate and
repeated ignoring of every proposition
to limit the liability of Canada. NVe
do not act in that way.
Mr. TiJiM'Kii said, as to the ob-iorva-
tion of the hon. g»'ntleman, that the
Governments of England and British
Columbia were bound to take noiico
of the Aci of 1874, limiting the financial
obligatioi 3 of Canada in regard to the
con.struction of the railway by 189t>,
he wantfd to ask this question: If
that were true, if that A(^t loft no room
for doubt, wh^^was il I hat, when ho
(Ml-. Tupper) called the attention ot
tho House to the fact that the lato
Government had entered into that
obligation, regardless of «uy qualifica-
tion, tiieir colleague (Mr. Blako)
drafted a resolution to reaffirm the
proposition that it should bo subject to
the financial condition ol tho country,
and put il in tho hands of tho m'^mbor
for West Middlesex to move ?
^ Sf6 'i' ^ V ■^ "1'
Amondment (Mr. Mackenzie) nega-
tived. Yoa^, 37 ; nays, 1 15.
sir John lays Carnarvon terms are emiallv bindinK with terms of 1871.
t.^wu' "«*«'■'''.<* "/'•ee to any .si- !h »"iily th'ing. I
" What necessity for resolul-^n. ''
Supply— Canadian [April 1.'>, 1880.]
Pacific Enilway.
83
ci re lim-
es niiilu
IciiVJiiiii.
tlie last
- n^rect.1
ms Uiey
0. Tho
Ir. Cuit-
roii'l in
rountUnj^
Govern-
ill at? TOO A
tiixulioti,
imnoncod
HtiUlCO of
l)y tho
(•tc«l mot-t
(utWmiJvn's
n without
lion wliat-
jn rosoUi-
ho forco «>f
itoly votcil
', a propo-
T. Giilt, to
. ll.tl he
1(1, to foino
•I to our;*.
<;-L>ntlcmon
borate an to the amount we
propo-iod for tho construction of the
Pacific Railway at tnt eastern end of
the lino. But what did he do on the
other end of the line? He went into
a deliberate negotiation with British
Columbia and the Imperial Govern-
ment, and for f6ar that the hon.
gentleman may forget those little
inconsistencies, I will ask the indul-
gence of tho House while I refer to
one of the most important State papers,
one of the most important documontuterltt^"''"
that forms a portion of tho Archives
of Canada — I ^ean the Treaty made
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
h
//
< !« (Page
1407.) He adopted a different
course ; he not only provided for the
construction of the work directly by
the Government, bnt he * entered into a
binding treaty anJ obligation with
Lord Carnarvon, on behalf of the
Imperial Government and British
Columbia, that this work should be
completed by 1890, from the shores
of Lake Superior to the Pacific Ocean.
That was the legacy we inherited
from the hon, gentleman ; aiiH^' carry-
ing out the pledge he had made to
Lord Carnarvon, he caused these
further surveys to be made with a
view to the location of the line, and
having satisfied himself that the best
line that could be adopted" was the line
to Burrard Inlet, the hon. gentleman
proceeded (o put an advertisement in
the papers calling for tenders for the
construction of 125 miles from Kam-
loops to Yale. I heard with amaze-
ment, the other night, a statement
from the hon. gentleman that hd*'had
not decided to do that work, thatiio
had not fully made up his mind to do it.
I am perfectly aware that it is legiti-
mate for a Government going to the
country, under tne great discourage-
ment which the hon. gentleman was
compelled to go to the country — I am
quite aware that it is legitimate for
tnem to present a programme as
attractive as they can for the con-
sideration of the country ; but I am
astonished that the hon. the then First
Minister of the Crown should deliber-
ately, in his own Department, call for
tenders involving the expenditure of
large sums of money by intending
contractors, for the construction of
125 miles of railway through the
canyons of the Fraser, a most difficult
and inaccessible locality, and after-
wards state to this House that he did
it deliberately, on the eve of an elec-
tion, without the intention of caiTying
it on to completion. The hon. gentle-
man stated that he was upholding the
honor and integrity of Canada that this
work should be carried on to coraple- {J'^^f'J'^'^y.''^
tion as vigorously as possible, and tnat " "'" ' *'
he had pledged himself to Lord Car-
narvon that the surveys should be
prosecuted as rapidly as possible, and
that as soon as they were completed,
the road should be located, and not less
than $2,000,000 per annum should be
expended . With that pledge he asks
for tenders for 125 miles of railway.
That was the hon. gentleman's obliga-
tion, from which there was no escape;
and there was the additional pledge
to British Columbia that that work
was to be immediately undertaken. I
ask the hon. gentleman to tell this
House, if he had not finally made up
his mind to proceed with the construc-
tion of the railway from Yale to Kam-
loops, why he made the contract,
involving a payment of $32,400 to a
contractor to carry rails from Victoria
to Yale? Does the hon. gentleman
mean to say that, not content with
holding out to the people of British
Columbia that he was going to build
the railway, he was absolutely going
to take out of the public coffers
$32,400 to remove those rails from
Victoria to Yale, without having satis-
fied himself that ho ever intended to
stike a blow ? That is a proposTtTohi I
am satisfied, the hon. gentleman, on
reflection, will see is utterly untenable,
and he will find himself in a position
that no possible argument on his part
could justify. * * *
Questionable
p>)licy of
Alackenzie.
*Mr. Mackenzie.
* Mackenile had not decided to go on in 1878 : Canadian duplicity.
Friday, XQth April, 1880.
Mb. Blakb * * * (Page 1427.)
The Speech from the Throne delivered
in 1873, contains these words :
" The Canadian Pacific Company, to whom
a Royal Charter was granted, have, I regret
to saj, been unable to make the financial
arrangements neceisarj for the coastraction of
that great undertaking. They hare, therefore,
executed a surrender of their charter, which
has been accepted by me. You will, I trust,
feel yourselTes called upon to take steps to
secure the early commenoement and vigorous
proaecutioa of that milw»7, aid thus to carry
Octolier
.IIP
1
|ih'
1
|iv
f
1
,'
86
Supply — Canadian
[COMMONS.]
Pacific Railway.
I !
n. c. wc
«cc noxt
coluiiiti.
}i; I.
Ohjection
to tux.
1 1
out in good faith the arrangcmcntg made with
the Province of Britiah Columbia. A measure
for that purpose will be submitted for your
consit'eration."
* * * (Pago 1428.) Ho* furtliormoro
declared that application would be
made to British Coluinbia for a re-
laxation of the terms which hon.
gentlemen opposite had impo.sed upon
the country ; and for such an arrange-
ment as would give a reasonable time
for the commenooment and perform-
ance of the work without too great a
strain on our resources. The present
;ession Fji'st Minister denounced this as a
breach of faith with British Columbia,
entitling her to secede. So different
were his views fi-ora those now ad-
vanced by the hon. Minister of Rail-
ways. * * * At any rate it was
unnecessary to reiterate that. My
belief is that it would have been con-
trary to the policy which the present
First Minister believed tc be sound
when he announced his views in
Lennox in 1871 I maintain that, by
that Act, which repeated and re-enacted
the old resolutions, and declared it was
proper to proceed only consistently
with the provision against increased
taxation, there was a reiteration of the
Id parliamentary policy, then re-
afllrmed for the third time, that the
road was not to be constructed on any
plan which woald cause increased tax-
ation. I well remember that the hon.
member for Victoria, B.C. (Mr. De-
Cosmos) objected to the introduction of
that provision into that Act, because
he conceived it would bo in derogation
of the bond, the fulfillment of which he
80 much desired, in 1875, during the
recess, British Columbia having ap-
pealed to England, Lord Carnarvon
offered his good offices, and he sug-
gested certain terras, to which, as far
as they could, the Government agreed ;
the statement of the Government being
that they would do their best to carry
them out, as they were not contraiy to
the spirit of any parliamentary reso-
lution, or the letter of any enactment.
* * * (Page 1429.) The Minister
says that under the Carnarvon Terms
there was an agreement to build the
Island Eailway, by which $4,000,000
were added to the cost of the whole ;
but he seems to have forgotten that his
own Government in 1873 had come to
*lfr. Vaekeule.
Mb. Blaki.
the determination that the terminus of
the railway should bo at Esquimalt,
and this determination, if adhered to,
necessarily involved the construction
of the Island Railway, and indeed of
other far more extensive and costly
works. I had taken occasion in the
fall of 1874 to declare my individual
views on the subject of the Pacific
Railway. I then stated that I thought
the fulfillment of the agreement with
British Columbia impossible ; that
unless she chose to be reasonable and
to agree to a relaxation of the terms,
I saw no hope of performing them;
and that, if she insisted on secession,
us the consequence of the non-fulfil-
ment of the Terms of Union, I, for one,
was prepared to say, " let her go,"
rather than ruin the country in the
attempt to perform the impossible. I
have never changed in that opinion,
and each succeeding year has strength-
ened my view as to the wisdom and
soundness of such a decision. During
the Session of 1875, when the Carnar-
von correspondence was brought down,
I did, as the hon. gentleman says, ask
the lender of the then Government
whether he proposed to invite the
sanction of Parliament to the arrange-
ment. He .replied that he did not
propose to invite the action of
Parliament directly, but that he would
rely on Parliament to enable him to
carry it out. Well, that answer of
itself indicated that the assent of Par-
liament was essential. Will anyone
seriously contend that the Executive
Government of this country could, not
merely without the authority of Par-
liament, but in i«pito of the anti-
taxation resolution, make an agreement
which would of itself bind the country
to build the Island Railway, to expend
not less than $2,000,000 a year on con-
struction in the mainland, and to finish
the i-oad by 1890 ? It was, however,
soon made apparent that the action of
Parliament was necessary in order
to carry out the Carnarvon Terms. A
Bill was of necessity brought in to
authorize the construction of the
Island Railway, one of the moat im-
portant parts of those terms. I op-
posed that Bill because I believed that
the Island Railway was not p. judicious
undertaking, and also, and chiefly
because it was part of the Caruar-
Supply — Canadian [April 10, 1880.]
Pacific Railway. 87
von TorniH, which I did not believo
worn Huch as could bo fill I J curried out
conHJHtcutly with tiio tiixatioii leso-
lution, to which I for one was dctcr-
niitiod to tidhoio. The Hill nucceodcd
in thiH II(»HHol)ut it failed in the Senate,
and the roHult was that the Hanetion of
Parliament was refused that eKHontial
part of the Carnarvon Terms. At the
close of that ScHsion then the whole
question waw open. The arrangement
luul (ailed. Parliament had declined
to anthori/.o an esKcntial |>art of the
terms; fuKillmont of the terms ha throughout the Dominion, and must
necesBarily control the action of the Oovern-
ment, and it cannot be too dearly understood
tliat any agreements as to yearly expenditure,
ntid as to completion by a fixed time, niuHt be
subject to tlie coridition, tlirice recorded in the
.Tourrials of Parliament, that no fdrtlicr increase
in tlu! rate of taxation HJiall be re<|uired in order
to tlieir fiiHillmeiit. Tlic sanction of Parlia-
ment to till' construction of the j)ro])OHed rail-
way from Ka(|iiitnalt to Nanaimo was neccH.sarily
a condition precedi/nt to tlie commencement of
the work. The otiicr imnortatit featiiro of tlie
iirratigement, namely, tli(! limitation of the
time for the completion of a certain yiortion,
and tlie sjiecificalion of a yearly expenditure,
were deemed to be witliin the mcanin}; of the
Act of 1874, Hubject, of course, to the condi-
tion already menlioneU8 Pro-
»n ; New
towards
100, and
iroviding
?ided the
vincee of
ances. I
items for
,re given
mts ; but
revenue,
reached.
Ontario
tho?e of
Cuhtom
those on
Ontario,
iccording
ir exhaus-
im mission
ject some
|(),725,000.
amount-
•eauitH, to
division
„8 for On-
c, making
$552,000
result on
lenue from
jfrom Que-
that these
8ome res-
Maritime
terns ; for
referonco
ercolonial
lontended,
whether rightly or wrongly, that this
expenditure should bu entered as a
general charge against the whole Do-
minion, and not chai'ged separately
against those Provinces. There may
be, of courne, other disputable details.
I state this in order that the House
may umiei'stand that these figures
may be somewhat affected, but I
am convinced that the result will
not be veiy materially altered on
that account. * :»! *
Mr. Langevin * * * (Page
1474.) When the Government of 1873
left office, and the Administratitm of
hon. gentlemen opposite came into
power, they did not repudiate that con-
dition of the Confederation or Union of
British Columbia with Canada. They
went to work to execute that great
undertaking, and the only point of
difference that we saw amongst the
members of that Government and their
supportei"8 was that, when the question
of the Esquimalt and Nana! mo Bail way
was proposed to the Houne, the hon.
member for West Durham separating
himself from his party, voted with a
few friends against that measure, and
the Government of that day were not
powerful or willing enough to pass in
the Upper House. If the Government
had oniy expressed a desire that that
Bill should pass, against which the hon.
member for West Durham had voted,
it would have become law. But there
was a power behind the Throne — a
power that may still exist to-day
behind the leader of the Opposition.
That power was stronger than that
Government, and the measure for the
construction of the railway from Esqui-
malt to Nanaimo was lost. Neverthe-
less, the Government of 1874 down to
1878, went on with the construction of
that ri.ilway. * * * (Page 1475.)
The member for West Durham should
remember that he accepted the Car-
narvon Terms exacted from the late
•Government. Of course the late Gov-
ernment inserted the condition about
not Vaising further the rate of taxation,
but that was after they had raised the
taxation by 83,000,000. But did they
meet the ordinaiy expenses even with
the $3,000,000 additional taxation ?
No. All the- time they were in office
they ran into debt which we have now
to meet. Ths hon. gentleman says
that those terms were not accepted by
the Governmo it without the consent of
Parliament. No doubt, but they were
accepted by the country. It was
understood that $2,000,000 would be
ejjjended per annum in British Colum-
bia,>but the hon. gentlemen opposite,
following their ordinary course towards
that Province, repudiated tho.so terms,
and sent a Commission to British
Columbia; she would not accept
*750,000 in exchange for the orginal
bargain. Up to that, time he would
not repudiate the railway altogether ;
but the Government ottered that
amount to content that Province for
the postponement of the work, us says
the hon. member for West Durham.
But she was not poor or reduced
enough to accept such a bribe, saying:
" We have a treaty with Canada,
which we know is just and proud
enough to do justice to a small weak
Province like British Columbisi ;" and
she was right. She is not unreasonable ;
she has taken the word of this Govern-
ment, that it will go on with the rail-
way ; and though the work was not
begun before the first of January last,
the Province knew it was notour fault,
and that the contracts would bo given
out early. Now, if the people of British
Columbia see the road does not ]>i'0greB8
at full speed, they will not complain,
because they know we are acting in
good faith, and that if we are not .spend-
ing more millions and going on faster,
it is because we cannot atfoi-d it. They
know we are proceeding gradually and
surely with the work. We do not
want to plunge the country into debt
and ruin as the hon. member for West
Durham asserts; but we want to keep
faith with British Columbia, though\
not at the immense exptnsp he thinks!
we shall incur. * * * (Pago 1478.) I
The Government is ])ledged to British
Columbia, and we must keep fai'h with
her. When I speak of iho Government
of course I speak of Parliament, because
we, as a Government, are in the hands
of Parliament, and Parliament, may,
at any time it thinks })ropor, stop the
work.
Mu. Mackenzie. Parliament is in
your hands.
Mr. Lanoevin. The country will
thank our party and this Government
III, 3o8
00
tiuiiply - Canatlian
[COMMONS.]
Pacific Hal way.
I- i'?
if' ^|l
I. r
'if
i ■ I-
!!i|;
'-' i
for Btich a hooii, * ♦ * (Pngo
147!>.) I h'* was opposed to tho bnux^li
front lOsc, iiiiiiall, to Nana! mo, aiui tlio
hon. tii(Mnl)or tor Laiiitttori hmi iiol the
couraj^o to rosist, liiin, and lio throw
out tlio Hill. Tho lion, ^'cntloinan
furtluM' Hays, that wo aro not bound hy
Iho Carnarvon TorniH. I niipposo tho
hon. inonil»or foi' Lamhton had a^'ain
to how to his hon. t'riond, and Hay tlio
1 Carnarvon TormH must go also. Tito
noxi point is, tho hon. momhor for
Wost hurliam said, or wi' hod tho
coutitry to Ik'IIovo, that thoro was somo
plod^o on tho part of tho (Jovornntont
ot Ciinada, to hnild a railway thoro.
Tltor<«lo!o, ho assoittod to tho proposal
of llto hon. ntombor for Ijamnlon, t(.
ottor that Trovinco $750,000 us cont
jtonsation. That was rofu^od. For
what was itoH'orod ? As (M)mponsatioit
tor tlio dohiys that oocurrod in tho
bulldini^ of tho rttad in British Colum-
bin.
Mil. Hi.AiCK. And would occur.
Mh. liANOEVIN * * * (Pago
148ii.) If wo bogin by passing
this ainondmont,' wo aro, in tho
words of tho hon. ntombor for Wost
Durham, saying to British Colum-
bia, " You may go ; you aro not roa-
sonablo." It would bo unroasonabio
for us to tell British Columbia to go.
She has boon pationt and roasonablo.
She will wait until the good times
como. wiion tho moans of tho country
will allow us to build tho road with
vigor. Wo will build that railway,
your by year, and shortly wo will havo
a road iVom tho Atlantic to tho Pacific ;
rtttd most likoly, on that day, wo will, I
hope, find the hon. ntombcrs for
Lambtoii and Wost Durham iit a first-
class car going to sco their friends in
British Columbia; and at that poriod
tho}* will regret Itavinj; attempted to
destroy the future of Canada, b}' run-
ningdown thoircountry,and eulogizing
the Uitiicd States of America.
5(C •^i jf *f* «|^ "t* ?(*
Monday, Wfh April, IBSO.
Mr. Mackenzie * * * (Pago
1519.) The hon. gentlemanf says thtit
what aio known as the Carnarvon
Terms were binding on the country, but
that the Terms of Union were not
bindin^r; and I was a little surprised
* Mr. Blake f Sir Charlea Tupper.
Mr. Lanoevin.
* Mr. Trutch could not vary an
to find tho last speaker (Mr Ih^CosmoH)
administor no robuUo for what ho would
call "bad national morality" anorveng that we were bound.as
])ublic men, to endeavor to (iarry out
tho obligations to British Columbia, so
far as was consistent with the security
of our financial condition. Wo were
Act of Parliament ; besides he had no authority to do so.
Supply — Canadian
[Ai'RiL 19, 1880.]
Pmu'fic Uaitway.
91
hoimd HO fnr to ^ive ovcry poHnible
o|)|M)r(uiiity f hut could bo givon to ob-
tain public! cyntnictoi-H un(l finnnc^iul
inon iiitoroHtod, in onlor U) cari;y out
tbo tcirnH tw Hoon aw [Kwsiblo. Witbin
a very f«w wooUh of tho timo we
aHBiimod offl(!o, wo doHputcbod u ropro-
HontiUivo ot tbo (Jovornmont \o tbo
Provinco to ondoiivor to arrnnj^o for n
modidoiUion of tiio loirnH to thooxlofit
tbut wo lioliovo(J wo tiiifrjit. bo alilo to
carry out. TboHO modific utioriH woro not
aHBonlod to by MriliHli Ooiuinbia, and
WO aftorwiirdH uccoplod tbo /jfood (((IIcoh
of liord Carnarvon, or moro strictly
Hpoakiiif^, wo aHHOfitod to Lord Oarnai-
von oxproMHiiifT his opinion upon tbo
Hubjoct in Homotbing liko tboHO torniH :
Tbat wo woro willing to Hubrnit to bim
wholbor ibo oxortiorm of tbo (iovorn-
1 lent, tbo diligonco Hbown and tbo
oflers made, woro or woro not juHt and
fair and in accoi-danco witb tboHpiritof
tho original agroomont. Sooing it was
impoHcible to comply witb tboTottorof
tb«3 Torms of Union in tbia particular,
Lord Carnarvon oxproHHod tho opinion
tbat wo should maico a littlo arlvanco
upon tbo oH'ors made to British Colum-
bia through Mr. Kdgar. While wo
oxproHKod a willingness to make further
ooncesHions rather than forego an im-
mediate soltloment of HO irritating a
quoHtion, aw tbo concoHBions suggOHted
might bo made without involving a
violation of tbo spiritj of any Parlia-
mentary resolution or the letter of any
resolution, the declaration of our Act
in 1874, as well as tho Parliamentary
resolution which preceded it, anid, and really forming
par-t of tbo road itsoif, oi' tbo expondi-
ture u|)on tbo construction proper
wbi(!b was U) be 82,000,0(K) a year,
that was all provided for ir- tho Act of
U74, and wo only roquireu .^lio v(p<' ('(deal
with it without an Act of Parliament,
whatever might be said about tbo other
points regarding the construction of
the telegraph line, or trail, or tbo con-
struction of the work proper. For the
Nanaimo and Ksquimalt lino we had to
ask a special enactment. Wo failed in
this, because we were notable to obtain
the necessary Legislative authority, the
Senate having rejected tbo Bill. The
hon. gentlemen opposite have tried to
insinuate tba< it was possitde that the
Act was not pa-sod throu'zb the Senate
because it was not desired. I cjtri only
cay tbat I hope that no one will aicuRe
us of any such dishonorable con r-.(; as
that implied. The hon. gentleman
must have supposed tbat we iiiliced
some of the Senators to vote a;4aiii.-,i it
HO as to prevent its pa.ssage. 1 bad no
knowledge of any serious opposition
to it in the Senate, by our fi lends, until
it was rejected. Messrs. Penny and
MacMaster voted against the Bill, but
they did so upon their own responsi-
bility, and without any communication
with them by any person tbat I know
of. I know that the Vancouver line *
was of value on account of the value of
the minerals; but when wo assumed
the responsibility of accepting the pro-
position of Lord Carnarvon, we did it
as a matter of course, subject to the
reservation previously made in the
I to do so.
* v. I. line valuable on account of its minerals.
92 Supply ^Canadinn
[COMMONS]
Pacific Railway.
Monoy vnlc
$750,000.
What
Mnckcniic
Uoveriiment
coulil ilo or
would do.
>ii
11
M
1' .'
Order in Council, tlint it wuh prodicatod
upon, and Hubject to tlio enuctmonlH
already in oxiwtonce, and the Parlia-
mentary rosolutioim prohibiting in-
croaaod taxation ; and the muro tact
that wo had increased tAxation in 1874,
is no argument that wo should increase
it moro. Wo increased it then to meet
other obligations ; and wo believed wo
have reached or gone beyond the limit
which it would not bo sate to pass.
Wo then proposed a substitution of a
monoy vote for those terras, and with
which the people on the Island could
either build the Island road, or expend
it in 8uch other public works as might
bo approved of. Wo had expended all
we could on that matter.
Sir ('iiAULEs Tui'PER. Do I under-
stand ilmt the vote of $760,000 was
given to the people in li was in
compcusation for delays in the con-
struction ot the Canadian Pacific Hall-
way. Was that. 80, or was it in com-
pensation for the abandoment of the
Nanaimo road ?
Mr. Mackenzie I was about to
como to that point. Had we proceeded
with the Island railway there would
have been no necessity to adopt money
compensation proposal ; but we failed
,in that aud the main portion of the
terms broke down, and hon. gentlemen
will lind that the exact words used
were : " compensation for delays."
Mr. DeCosmos. For delays that
may take place.
Mr. Mackenzie. Of course the
Esquimau road was in compensation ;
it was a road we were not obliged to
build, except on the agreement as com-
pensation for delays.
J!r. DeCosmos. I think it was not
/y^ givon in compen8ation^«rr^>SvV>?^
Mr. Mackenzie. Our friends on the
Island make that contention, but it will
not bear any other construction than
that it was in compensatioiiior delays
East and prospective. Why should we
uild that road, unless for some special
reason of that kind ? It was in connec-
tion with the delays in beginning the
Mb. Maokbnzik.
Pacific Pailway that it was undertaken ;
thut was the inducement; it was an
object greatly desired by the j)oople on
tho Island; wo hod reason to know
that few would object elsowhero, though
there was a little complaint on the
mainland ; tho road was only in com-
pensation, but when that broke down
the main portion of tho terms broke
down ; tho otherXportions are not
broken to this day, except tho non-
completion of tho telegraph lino and
tho trail iu connection with it, and
oven that, part can hardly bo said to be
brokon. The survoy^'woro not com-
pleted until 1878 ; and it thore has boon
any delay, which can be < alloJ breaking
a portion of the Carnarvon Terms, it
has taken place under tho hon. gentle-
men opposite; they will very likely
claim that their expedition in continu-
ing tho surveys was also in continuance
of tho work, and that thoy have not
brokon the terms; and if they take
that view thoy have not any excuse
for an attack upon us. * * * (Page
1531.) Tho hon. gentleman* had
alluded to the removal of rails from
Vanco.ivor Island to Yale, as an indica-
tion of tho intention of tho late Gov-
ern/nent to proceed with the work in
tho Fraser Valley, or el^e of their in-
tention to deceive the public for the
sake of tho elections. The lato Gov-
ernment, I am sure, had nothing to
gain by ministering to any ))arty in
British Columbia, because British Col-
umbia had always been hostile to them,
and they had no reason to expect that
a single member would bo returned to
support their Administration. But
they had determined on Burrard Inlet
as the terminus. They had determined
also that as soon as thoy could, what-
ever time that might be, they would
build the road, and, if they had re-
mained in power, to devote some por-
tion of public money, as soon as it
could bo spared, to place the rails on
that road. How soon that could be
spared was a matter. of discussion, but
they knew that the rails had to go
there. They had a great deal of diffi-
culty in getting them landed on the
Island ; heavy storage dues had to
be paid, and they felt that the sooner
these rails could be brought to their own
* Sir Charles Tupper.
• It was for delajrs " thatmay take place. ' See O. C. na« !.«>. Railway Papers.
..„.,= nt I -arnarvun ternw still in force, says Mackenzie.
::''^:rT^\C^P^d\:;1^^y<^^ Tapper had surveys made in xS,,.
Supply— Canadian [April 20, 1880.]
Pacific Edilway. O:^
piopoi-ty, wliero no charpfOH would hjivo
U) bu paid, and wlioro tliuy would lio
nearoHt the pluco whoro tlioy would
be ultimately used, 1 deny that tho
lato (iovormncnt docoivod any ono
in this matter. Thoy made no prfv
mi'^o. * * * (Pa^o 1,537.)
Tho iion. gentleman Hooms to think
that there if no alternative botwoon
the Hovoranco of tho Union and tho
adoption of their railway policy.
Well, if tho Union must bo wovered —
if tho oast or west muat bo chonen —
I would select that portion which con-
tains the Nmallost number of people to
be Bovered, for hon. gentlemen cannot
shut their oyeH to the fact that the
people of tho Lower Provinces are
openly complaining that thoy have
been deluded in joining in Confedera-
tion, that thoy have boon cheated, by
its terms and promises not being ful-
filled. Wo, on this side of tho House,
would take our stand on *.♦ o roaistenco
of increased taxation, especially for
purposes which can only benefit a
very small namber ; and as it is im-
possible in our situation to adopt the
policy of the Government, 'vithout in-
creased taxation, there is nothing for it
but to vote for delay in tho more ex-
pensive and useless portions of the
work, and those which will confer tho
least benefit to the people. I believe
very much depends on the expression
of public opinion in relation to this
matter, and while we shall all be ^'ad
if wo are able to carry out in its en-
tirety the treaty so-called, tho hon.
gentleman opposite mado, wo must bo
content with carrying out as far as our
means will permit, those portions of
the railway which were of most use
to tho greatest number of people. And
with regard to the patriotism of this
proposition, I maintain that that man
alone is truly patriotic who looks
beyond the present, who entrusts no
one with unlimited power of taxation
in orler to carry on works which weix
of no immediate benefit to the great
mass of the people, and which is op-
posed to the general sentiment. Why
It is intolerable that nearly 4,000,000
of people^lio live on the eastern side
of tho Rocky Mountains should bo
taxed to such an enormous extent a«
they are now, and will bo in future,
merely to keep up the appearance of
complying with terms which, in their
strict interpretation cannot possibly bo
complied with The late (Tovernniont
was bound by Parliamentary resolutions
passed after tho Terms of Union were
agreed to. to tho hamo extent as hon.
gentlemen opposite and no more, and
when accused of lack of patriotism
or loyalty, 1 can only reply in tho
manner in which Burke mot a similar
accusation in the Knglish House of
Commons. Burke, when accused of
disloyalty in opposing some measures
of the Ministry, replied that: "Ho
yielded to no man in his loyalty to the
Queen, but ho did not feel bound nor
at all inclined to extend that feeling
of loyalty to Her Majesty's man-servant,
her maid-servant, her ox, nor her ass."
Sir John A. Maodonald.
heard that before.
We have
Mr. Mackenzie. Yob, I think I
have had occasion to say that before,
and to an audience, to some consider-
able extent, tho same as the present
ono. The hon. gentleman was cer-
tainly present at the time, but ho can-
not have it repeated to him too often.
*
*
*
Tuesday, 20th April, 1880.
Mr. Anglin * * * (Page 1581.)
Now, I quite agree with the hon. mem-
ber for Victoria (Mr. DeCosmos) that
it was not within tho competonco of
this Parliament, after having deliber-
ately adopted that address, to alter
very materially tho terms of the,
agreement by its own action, and, there- Tax rewiu
fore, although that cannot bind us as!''°» "<>» !»«
to anything absolutely impossible, or;
anything that might seem ruinous to'f
this country, nevertheless, I have!
always felt that this Dominion was-
bound to carry out the terms of that
arrangement, strictly in the letter, and ;
in the spirit, were that possible. Butj
hon. gentlemen on the other side of'
the House, who had entered into this
extraordinary agreement, which any
man of common sense would have
known it would be impossible to carry
out, deliberately proposed and passed
* Canada never paid a dollar out of taxes for interent on capital expended on C P. R. See Blake on this
subject, page 133.
'11
Supply — Canadian
[COMMONS.]
Pacific Railway.
1
1
proper.
ft rosoliition declaring that tho burdon
of tlio coil n try and tho nituuf taxaiion
mu-it not bo incroastd in eanyin^ out
thai a^ioernont. * =)« * (Pa.i^o
Appeal «o 1582.) All appeal was taken to tho
KnsJ^^"** ColoiiiidOtnco. That appeal was not
wholly improper. The [inporial authori-
tio8 wore, to Bonio extent, parties to
tho arran<^ement made between that
'Provint(! and the Dominion, and mi^ht
have had a right to do soniolhin^ to-
waiilH enlbrcinjjj tho lultillmont of tho
terms of that aj^roemonl, JJut the
Government, led by tho hon, member
for Lambton, did not, as has been
alleged, join in that appeal or consent
to aecept the arbitration of Lord Car-
narvon, or to bo bound by any decision
ho might give, nor when ho mado RUg-
gOBtions did the}' bind themsolves in
any way tocarryouitho.se suggestions.
They gave to those suggestions the
weight to which they wore entitled ;
but they prudently and properly de-
clared that tho Eesohitions and tho
{ Acta of Parliament, which provided
f that tho rate of taxation must not bo
I increased, would bo duly observed. Tho
j Minutes of Council states tho whole
case plainly. Now that, Sir, was what
they assented to in these suggestions
of Lord Carnarvon. They nevor did
assent, or agree in any way, that Lord
Carnaivon >hould have tho rig.it to
direct what Canada and tho Govern-
ment of Canada should do, buc they
wore willing to leaTO it to him as one
of Her Majesty's Ministers (Secretary
of State), as a man of high character,
to say whether they had or had not
done nil that was incumbent upon them
!i to do under the circumstances. The
negotiations proceeded, and Lord Car-
. upi-von undertook to state what ho
believed Canatla ought to do, and those
terms, as they have been called, have
boon much commented on. Hon. gentle-
men opposite stated, over and over
again, tliat in accepting those terms,
the Liberal Government laid new obli-
! gatioiis on Canada; and the hon.
I Minister of Railways in particular
j spoka as if Canada, up to that time,
! i Carnarvon never was bound to do anything, but
; terms in ^i . ,, , . • , ,y n " , .
favor of that this was absolutely the first time
any positive obligation was laid upon
the country, although, in reality, this
was a modification of the Terms of
Union entirely in favor of Canada,
Mb. Anqlin.
Canada
; entirely.
giving us nineteen years to do part
of the work, tho wiiole of which hon.
gentlemen intended to complete in ten
years — a vast modification of the Terras
of Union. Hut oven that modification
the Govornmont of tho day did not
ab.solutoly accojit ; they did not
absolutely bind Canada to carry out
these conditions. It is well that the
words used in tho Minutes ot Council,
respecting those Carnarvon Terms,
should bo again )iiit on record, and bo
known and uiidorstooition, because under the Carnarvon^
Treaty we have until 1890, and we have
a still more important clause, to the
efTect that we are not bound to expend
more than $2,000,000 per annum. 1 do
not think it was patriotic on the part
of the hon. member for West Durham
to repudiate this Carnarvon Treaty,
which certainly introduced bettor
terms in favor of Canada. If I voted
for the motion of that hon. gentleman,
I would consider that I was voting for
repudiating an obligation of this
country?*'*ln a new country like ours,
public works must generally be carried
on by means of loans in foreign
markets ; and I ask any hon. member
of this House, whether it would be wise
for us to establish such a precedent in
view of its effect upon our credit? * *
MR. BLAKE AT HAMILTON.
(^Frm, Toronto Globe, Dec. 31s<, 1880.)
" Hamilton, Dec. 30. * * * He
(Mr. Blake) had never said, and he
never believed, that the thr«e
millions which had boon imposed
in IhT* wont to build the Pacific
Railway. To maintain that three
millions of taxation in 18*74 was neces-
sary in order to build, the road would
have been folly, because they all knew
that the work was always intended to
be, and should always bo, charged to
capital account, and all that was neces-
sary was to provide sufficient yearly
to pay the interest on this capital, and
from the year 1874, down to the pre-
jsent time the whole expenditure on
(this account had only amounted to
$827,000, or a little over a quarter of
'three millions."+
1 '
X Canada's credit might be injured, if obligation to B. C. were
* Carnarvon terms best for Canada.
repudiated.
T lotal interest on expenditure, on C. P. R. to December, 1880, $827,000. See also statements No. i to f),
paucs 139 to 148.
ft
n ^
h
't! :<
9l>
KxTiiAcTS Jrovi, the, " VvhalitH of ihc House, vf (JommoiiH of Ike Jhiu-
inioii of Canada, Vol. /., Scx.s'ioii, 18H1,' on the Cavadiaih I'acijk
lia'dway.
IIOUSK OF COM-MONS.
TuGsJay, I ',th Dramhvr, JfiSO.
CANADIAN PA(;iKIO IIAILWAV.
HOUSK IN COMMITTKK ON UKHOUrTIONH.
Sir ClTAr.IJCS TUPPEIl * *
(Paso 52.) Ill 187*1 tlio lion, f^ontloiiiiin
(Mr. MiioUoiizio) iutroduciHl .a l)ill for Uio
purposo of jtroviding for tlus oonstnudioii
of the Cunadiiiu riunfic Railway, and, in
the coiirso of a very aV)l() and a V(!ry
exhaustive si)eoei), \n\ |»lac(ul vory fnlly
on record th(> opinions wliich lie licld,
and which enil)0(J".od i\w opinions of the
(lovermuent at that time. Jle staled, as
will be seen on rel'erenct^ to llmmird of
May rJth, 1874 :
"The duty was iiiipoHcd upon I'lirliatnuiit
of providing a groat schcmi! lor carrying out
thu oblixulious impoi^cd upon us by the
Nolemu notion of i'urlianiuDt in tbiH mutter.
I'lie origiuui Hchutne was one tliat 1 oppoised
at the time ot its i>aKHuge Iiere as one that in
my mind then scorned impracticable wiUiiu
the time that was proposed, and iiuprncticnble
also with the means proposed to l)c ui-cd to
Hccompli.sli it."
I wish to invito the attention of the
FtoHse to the fornml declaration made on
the floor of Parliament by the late Prime
Minister thit the means that Parliament
liad placed at tlie disposal of the Gov-
ernment of their predecessors — ^30,000,-
000 in money and 54,000,000 acres of
land— were utterly inadequate to secure
the construction of the work. Then the
hon. gentleman continues :
" I have not changed that opinion, but, being
^ placed hero in the Oovernmeut, I am bound to
eudearour, to the utmost of my ability, to de-
7
vise KUili iiu>aris as may Koom within our xv.in'h ?„.
to H<.(onipli.si» in spirit, if not in llic Idler, flic' Uni?**'*''
oliijgalioiiH itnposi!(i \\\h)\\ uh l>y thi; Treaty of
Union, for it was a tri'itty ol union wilh I'ritixh
Columbia.''
nion.
Abxolute
'I'reaty.
I am sure th.'tt British Columbia will hcj
very k'"'! to l»e a^ain reinindcil that tin-
late Icadi!) of the Opposition maintained
that this was an absolute treaty of union
with British (,'olnmbia. Tlieu lie con
tiniioM :
"We bti'l to unilcrtiiiic to vindicate the good
faith ot tiie country and ilo Komi^lhing wliicb
would ciiiibie tliis i'arli:viii(;nt to I'arry out in
.spirit, if not in letter, thi; seiious iiiuliM'tuking
ia. The legal terms are exact ; and moral''*
\\v ure bi'Und within a specili<; time to con- obliKationx.
btrucl a roail to connect with the railway sys-
lemf of Ontario on the cant, with the Pacific
coast on the wcsf. There was a moral oliliga-
tjon «« well as a legal obligation. We thought,
in the first place, that, after having liad time
to consider what shoi:l(t be done, the best ,
course to jitirsue in the metnlime would bu 'i
to confer with the Local Government of Uritish \
Columbia, and cndeavoiu' to asccrt^tin from i
them if any means could be arranged whereljy
an e.ttcnsion of time could btt procured for the
])r()s«cution of the work which we were bound
to undertake.
" With that view, a gentleman was sent as
a representative ot tiiis Government to that
Province, and in the course of liis negotiations
with the Local Government it became apparent,
as It had been apparent in this lionue from
several members from the Island of Vancouver,
that it was an exceedingly important matter in
their estimation that the road should be com-
menced at once at Esquimalt, and traverse the
Island to that point where the crossing of the
Narrows was ultimately to bo. I, for one, waa ^ ,g
quite willing, if the Local Oovemmeot were
disposed to make some terms for the extension
of time, to undertake the constraction of the
Island iwrtion as rapidly as possible; but, if it
became apparent that tlie local authorities were i
10)
( 'lUiiiiHiiii
[COMMONS.
/'iii'!/ir liilUti'iui.
\' 1 i
jT
lil'-*
'•■ i
.•Ictiiuiiiicd to nilli(!ii> ligitlly (o llu' 'IVrmH ol
' riiitiii, 1111(1 (li'iiiniul tbo wlmltt loiiiis .md iiotli-
I 11)^; less, this lliiiisi- and llio Pi'iiiininu of
1 t'liiiiKlii, I was mill Mill kIioiikIv of opinion,
I xvoulil, I'll llit'ir |iail, ctiiircili' (o tlicm ttic
innisiind iintliing nioro. I'loi't-filin;,' upon llic
ln'lii'l tliiit (liis WHS II liiir ri'prcHt'iitulion ol' the
r|iieiioiis 111 (lie ' oiiiitiy, wliii'li liiul to jiay lor
ilui I'onstiiiiliiin of (liiH enormous work, wc
insliiirtttl Mr. I'M^iir, wlio wiis ni)poin(«Hl to
K'lui'si nt tlio (lovoriiinrnt in llu' niatliT, !<•
i ^iay Hint llio (ioviTiinniit would lio iiiopiirrd
i to nndcrttikc inimfdiiitcly tlio coinnu'iii'i'mcnt
of ilio work upon (lie Island, tiaviTsing it
iiortliw.irils ill tlic diicction of llio point of
■ inssini;, proscciito tin; kuvvi'vs on tlm uiaiii-
land, roiistnitt a passuMo loadalonn; tiic rld;;i',
iioct a ti'li'LTiaph line iilonp; llio road, and. an
soon as tlio work could ln' placi'd under con-
tract. w(> wiuild cxiicnd ii million and a lialfa
yoar within the I'rovinco. J do not kninv
whi'llicr tilt! olVcr will In' nccoittcd or not, mid,
in till' mt'aiitimt', it is absoliitoly ncci'ssary
Iliat (iovcniniont Klioiild liiivc aiitliority to
prociH'd Willi till' conuui'iicomcnt «)f tlio works
in such u way as lliey think will iiici't w itii the
.11 ceptatioii of the country utiuMiilly. and tho
leasonahlc i>eople in Hritish ('oliimhia. "
Now, I 1100(1 not loiuiiiil tlio llouso tluit
this quostiou was nisulo tho suliject of
rofcrcuoo l>y Hriti.sli ('o)iiinliiiV to tlio
Imiicrial Ciovornnoiit, and JiOrd ("arnar
\ on svilmiittod, lor tho ooiisidonitioii of
I liis Govcrinneiit, his view of what should
;>o doiio ; that v is, that not lo.ss than
nvo millions, in aiKlition to tho railway
on Vancouver Island, the tolo>j;ra|ili lino,
the waggon road, and all those other con-
siderations, should be exjiended annually
Iv the (Unornincnt within tho Province
of J^iitish Columbia AVheii tho If^n.
iieiitK'inan submitted his resolutions in
1874, as 1 am now .submitting my resc-
liitions, he said :
'• We iiropose in tlio.ie resolutions to ask the
llouso to agree to these gonoral propositions.
In the fust place, we tiave to ask the Ilousa
for complete power to proceed with the con-
struction of the roiul under the Terms of tho
I'nion with Uritish (Columbia, because we can-
not throw olT that obligation except with tho
consent of the contracting parties, and we are
therefore bound to make all the provision that
the House can enable us to make, to endeavour
to carry out in the spirit, and, as ftir as we can,
ill the letter, tlie obligation imposed on us by
law. The British Columbia eection will, of
course, have to be proceeded with as fast as we
can do it, for it is essential to keep faith with
the siiiiit and, as far as possible, with the
letter of the agrcoment." • • •
* * (Page 53.) Again, it will be seen that
tho lion, gentleman puts forwaixl as his
|iolicy, and the jjolicy of tlie Pailianient of
1874, as it had been the policy of the
' 8ir CiiARi,M TuPPER.
Parliament of 1S7I and 187-_'. that the
work .should lio iirosocuted liy the agency
of a luivate i'om|iauy, aided by a grant of
money and laml. As I have already
slated, the subject, was made a matter
of referem-e, ill iSTTi, to l-ord (!!arnarvon,
and ho |»ro])os(Ml that :i?J,(10(),0()0, and
not .^l,.'')0U,00t), shoidd be tlxf niiniiuum
exiKMiditnn! on railway works within the
province from the completion of the works
now to be uiidertuken, the iiiiiumi expeiiditiir'
will be us miicli in excess of the minimum of
!?'.;. (100. 000 as in any year iniiy he found prac-
ticable. Lastly, that on or heforo ttielilstol
Ilecemlicr, IS'.iO. the rail way shall be completeii
and opened for tratllc from the I'acilic Hcabonrd
to a jioint ni the western end of I,akc Superior,
at which it will full into connection with ex-
isting lines of lailway, then by a portion of
the I'niied Staltv><,aial also with the niivigatioii
on Cuiiiuiiiin waters.'
Thcso terms imluded, it is true, a con-
siderable extension of the time within
which the road was originally to liavi!
been completed, but they lixed a dellnito
and distinct limit within which a large
portion of the l^vcilic Kailway should Ik'
constructed and put in operation. The
lion, gentleman himself, in referring to
these terms, used this language :
'•Wo shall always endeavour to ;iiycsev-
emnient and his party, so far as the leader
of a great {larty can pl«dge that ^mrty to
ition .
I 'iiiiadltui
l)i:r|.;MliMK I I, I.SSO.
I'id'iji:' It'tllllClli). l(tl
, a cOM-
I within
to liavt!
iloliniio
tntleman
lierioiisly
sierity."
(lifficiil-
encoun-
consitl-
ki-e to do
elf, and
Ihis Gk)v-
he leader
I iwrty to
tlit> a('ci»m|iiisliiiH'Mt of 'i, tci'i'iil iiiiMdiiiiI
iiiidci'talciiiLC. Iliil, Sir, I am ijlad t<» !»•
iihli! lo i;iv(! not, only tlm luitiiorily •>'
tli(! IfU'icr 111' tlid I;»l(i (lovciiimt'iif, liiit
tliat (if t.lii> liiiii. aiiil ii'Mi'iiod ■j^ciitliMiiaii
who is li'MiltT (if llcr jM.ijc.siy'.s ('(nisti-
iiitioiial ()|t|iosili(m lit. tli(> prcsiMit, mo-
miMit. Tliiib lidii. ijcntlHiiinit Ih r('|i(ii't()il
ill //(f/^s•((/^/ of iMiifcli Titli, lS7a, lo liiivt-
tisrd tlirst! words :
j " Tin' t^Piiciul policy of (III' cfiiiiidy upon tin'
"■iiliji'i'f of till) I'lii'ilic Kiiihviiy wiiK H|in'U(l Ih:-
liirt! (Ills country iiiitcrior to llio liilc! tri'iicnil
.' cidictioii, iiikI inacliciilly ami fairly sliitcd "
I iiavf rend to tlu^ lloiisntIi(« words wliicli
till! rriMiiici- uf tli;it^ day, as tlin lion. .l;oii-
ilciuiiii said, '• |ir:>ctii!ally and fairly"
stut.i'd Ills policy, mid I iniit,(! a;.jr«'(i tliat
it. was so" stilted. Tlu! lion. nHaiilMU- lor
West. |)iirli;iiii cuntiimed :
" III soiiic ot' Mu! minor r any such proposi-
ition. I do not believe that any other policy
j in its general efl'ei.'ts than that which was so
, proposed and so accepted is ut all feasible."
Now, 8ii-, 1 venturoit., tlm», while it
wiis utterly imiiossilileto implement to tho let-
tea- the veiy a;,'reements entca'ed into by our
piedeci^ssiors, the c;ood faith ©f tho country de-
mandtHl th.'it the Administration should do
oviaythinj; that was reasonable in their power
to carry out the pledxes made to British Colum-
bia, if not the entire obligation, at htast such
[larts of it as s<:einod to bo within thi;ir power,
and most conducive to the welfarcof the whole
Dominion, as well as to sttisfy all reasonable
men in tho Province of British Columbia, which
P.ovinci! had funcied itself entitled to complain
ot apparent want of is, allow nu- to intor
jtu't tliat tlit'V would liavo Ixn-n ((jually
usrfnl if tlicv iiad ivot Iain (jnitt' so lonj;
in llvilish Coluniltia. Tlu- lion. pMitlo-
uicn turllit'i' Nitid :
I "Tlit'if aio live thotimnd toiiN in llrili^ll
R«iU. U'oliunbia, mul, il' wo circd in nciulinK tin lu
Promise!* yet I'Ihmc, wo Imvc hiinply ••iicil in oar earnest do-
uiifulfilled. |mio to hliow tlie people ot" liiilisli Cohnnbiu
tliat we are desirous of keeping faitii with
jtliein, tliat (an- speeelies wfnMict laere empty
■jMomise.'^iainl lliat we weio resolvid to place
oarselves in ;i p,>si!i(ia (iiey ccmld not niisuu-
iUa.stanil. '
A year later, '
1877.
No right to
neKlect
treaty
obligations.
tinilor coiitiact. When w»> mrt Pailia
incnt with tlin Htatcnmnt that \v<« won-
i(oinj; on with this work, I think wo
Ncaivuly mot with tlin anionnl of aid and
ooo|H'ration from tlm <^entIonicn oppoHile
to which wo wt'ic entitlod. I do nt>t
wisli to Hay anything; thiit woidd Hoom
harsli to any {^ontlcinan on tho othur hido
of the ilonsc, Itnt I n'ally do not think
tlio attitndo which tho Opposition uh-
siiiMod towards this (Jovornnnint, wlum
wo wcio only cafi-ying ont tho ploil^^cs
which llwy tlKMn.solvcH had 1,'ivcn over
tluMi- siguatincs as Ministors, by thoir
votes in I'urliamcnt, and by their doclar
a(ions of policy in this llonsc, in tlit;
(ronntry, and to t'n^ Inipurial (lovornniont,
was JMslilial»l('. As wo wcio only carry-
iiiy out what they pi'oposcd. Wo had a
ri^lit to expect to Ik! met in a nnmnoi-
(iiU'ei'eht to that in which we wcromct
hy them ; lint the ivttiludu lion, gentlonujii
assumed only allbrded an opportunity of
showing that, wliatever change of senti
ment jnay have taken place in tlio mind
,of the leadei- of tlio Opposition, no .sncii
change had taken place in the mind of
]*atliament in relation to the snhjoct.
The leader of the Opposition moved —
and in making this motion ho snbmittod
a lesolulion directly in antagonism to the
policy of the Crovernmont which ho sup-
porteil and to his own recorded utterances
on the floor of this Jlouse — that wir
should ')iv:ik faith with IJritish Columbia
and with Lonl Carnarvon, ami that v.e
should give, I was going to say tho lie,
to Lord J)uireriu,'t\vho stated on his hon-
our as a man that every particle of the
terms of agreement with liritisli Colum-
bia were in a state of literal fulfilment.
The result of the moving of this resolu-
tion was to place on the records of Par-
liament a vote of 131 to 49 that good
faith should be kept, and that wo wen-
bound not only to keej) good faith with
Btitish Columbia, but that we owed it
to Canada to take up this work and pro-
secute it in such u way as we believed
was absolutely necessary in order to
bring it within sucli limits as would
enable us to revert to the original policy
of building the road by means of a com-
pany aided by land and money. And^
had we not placed that section under con-
tract in British Columbia, had we not
vigourously prosecuted the 185 mile»
wanted to complete the line between
out to Port Simpson
Railway Department
1879^ last paragraph
Note.— Read Term* of Vnion with Carnarvon Terms ; when not tnpencdwl by the latter the former are in
operation.
t See Dufferin's speech, p. 158, Railway Paper*.
Plac«.d ta7
miles under
contract in
1880, seven
)T!ais after
lime agreed
upon.
Well, Sir, ill \^~7. aiUi' aiiotlier year's
experience, the hou. ecislleinaii again
stated the policy, that still was the policy
of his Administration, in reference to this
work. He said :
'•Tlio lute Adniiiiislr.ition. ill enleiiiif,' into
tlie iii;reottu'nt lor luinuiiiy; ilritisli Coliiniliia
i into the Conludenition, hml an express ulilina-
j tiou as to the IniiKliiiu; (>t' the railway across
! tho eoiitinont from liuko NipissiiiK on llio (>ast
I to the raeilie Oi'iiin on tlio west, witliiii a siio-
Ji iticil iiuialior of years. When tlio present A'i-
niinistratioii aeeeded to power, ilioy I'olt that
thi.s, like nil treaty olilij^atioiis, was one wliieh
imposed upon them certain duties ol' adminis-
tration and government which tliey liail no
right to uogUct, and that they were bound to
carry the sehomo practically into elVoct to the
extent that I have indicated. The whole eltort
ot" tho Administration, from that day to this,
lias lieen directed to the aceomplislinifiit of
this object iu tlio way that would seem to be
most practical and most available, consideriiij;
the ditiiculties to bo encountered and the cost
to hv! incurred." • • *
* * * (Page iu.) In 1880 we
again met tlu; House, and we met it with
i the same ])olicy we adopt€d the year be-
fore, and that was, in good faith to take
I up the obligations that devolved upon us
i through the acts of our predeces.sors.
Although we had not propounded the
policy of carrying on the work by the
Government, we took up the woi"k as we
found it. '^Ve placed under contract the
127 miles of road which tlie leader of the
late Government had aiMiouncetl — by
advertising for tendera — as his intention
ito build ; which he had assured the {)eo-
f pie of British Columbia we intended to
'build, and which, under the terms with
Lord Carnarvon, he was bound to place
Cn!stiu(!ti(iu of tim road that has
cvtM" Ih'cii nnidi! to thiH l'arliiiin(nit.
Woll, Sir, T will ^'iv(», in conc^Iiision, tli(i
iit(<'ranc('s of tlio lion, tho jeadcr of tlic
lato (iuVcrnnicnt at the; last Sfssion of
I i*arliani said :
" I kIwUI ii(i( for n iiioincnl dray (Imi wo
)iiiluii(li!at lio tluHiral)li! to nnyunu
who wiwhcd to siu! our trado (^xti'udcd.'
jNot nicroly tlnifc tho oltli'^ation under tlu!
•'Carnarvon terms, l)nt that tho intiTeslsof
t'tho coniilry, rcndcnfd it dcsiralilo that
'tho policy ishonld ho oirriod out.
"No one who looked to the dt'Hirnhlc iixtcn-
jHion of our liUHincHK across the conthicnt could
avoid sttciuK Hint if kuKS TUPPKi;. 'n.o Icador
of tho lato lilovornnuiub, at tho last ses-
sion of I'arlianKMit. •'• * * (I'a^'c
;")!).) As my rij^ht hon. f'riond has stated,
Can.idiaii and Anun-icau capitalists niado
]iro]»osals for tho oonstrnctiun of tiio re-
maining piiriiyns of this work. Tho
(lovornint propoHod to complete! tin;
lino from Thuiid(;r Hay to Hod Hiver.
NVe jiropostid to coniploto tho contracts
that were mailo in British Columhiu in
' tlio canyons of the Frasor Tliver, and to
; earry tho lino on — for it was anmhsurdity
j for the terminus of tho Canadian Tacitic
I to be at a place where thero was only a
depth of throe feet of water, however
[advisable it might be for temporary i)ur-
'))Oses — and we proposed to complete ulti-
mately ninety miles of a line from Emory's
Har, to be constructed down to tide water
, at Port Moody^tho harbour .selected by
► the hon. gentleman op|)osite as the best
\ terminus for the Canadian Pacific Rail-
way, Wo are always ready, and a''e
])rei)ared, to give all the credit and praise
that we possibly can give to our friends
op])osite, and we showed it by the adop-
ts .n of the place whicli the hon. gentle-
^ men in their wisdom had chosen as the
terminus, * * *
Thiirsildy, Kith. IhirinUr. /SSO.
Tin; VANCOUVKll I«L.\NI) KAIfAVAV.
Mr. r.JjAKIO, in u.oving for any
copies of atly correspondence ^^ ith the
(ioveriiiiient of I'.ritisli (!olinnbia, or with
anv persons in that Province, reH[)ecting/
tho Island I tail way, said : 1 oliservo that/
there has been soire disiuission on tli«»
snliject of tho Island Kailway, an ,ent(!rf
prise in which, as the hon. member foC
Vara'ouv(!r (Mr. I5nnst,<'r) knows, I jiavo
always tak(Mi a very great interest, and I
think it would 1)0 important to know
whether tlaMo has been any coi rc^spond-
(inco on that subjoet. 'l"ho genthfOien
whom my hon. friend has always re-
gardi'd as the special fiiends of his Pro-
vinc(Mire now in power, and hav(f brought
down a scheme i)r the oumpletion, as
they call it, cf tln^ J*ac.ili<: IJaiiway. I
sii))|)ose my lion, friend from Vancouver^
will agree with me, though on entirely!
(lilfeHMit gionnils, that tlie .selieme is a
very imperft.-ct one. J lis reasons will be,
th(^ railway doi'S not go far enough west,,'
does not exUaid to the Island. At any
rate, it will lu; inter(!sling to know what
is the attitinle of tli(! (joveriiiiient with
ie''aril to tho Island llailway.
Friday, I7tk ]),:ccml,ir, JS.SO.
CANAI)I.\X PACIFIC UAtCW/ Y.
Mr, LANCKVIN - * - (Page l.'JO.)
1 am sorry to see th.it the hon. gen-
tleman, even at so late a period as this,
should raise tlio question of the small
population of JJriti.sli Cohnnbia. This
was not a (piestion of whether British
Columbia ha.l 10,0(iO or 1 -J.OOO people,
but one regarding a gre;it undertaking
for a great nation and a great jieople.
True, British Columbia is only a Pro-
vince, but that Province will be filledj
with a large jiopulation in a few years,',
anil that population will be eom|)osed of
Canadians as wo are, and will form a
portion of a great nation, which, of
course, must grow as other nations have
grown. And when we see that our
neighbours on the other side of the line,
who had only a population of 4,000,00(J
when they sejjarated from Great Bri-
tain, have now a i)opulation of nearly
50,000,000, v/ehaVe no reason for despair-
ing, or for believing that, with the same
energy and determination, and with as
11 1
* In i88o Maclcetuie said he had intended to carry ont Carnarvon Tenn».
t Yale Terminus an alnurdity.
i O. C. 1878 July. Port Moody or Burrard Inlet. Land asked for, wai fram EngUik filty.
r
1*, r.
If J
i''iu
^1 1
in
ill J
■I i
Pacific Rail,
way ti> bo
built in few
years.
ri
Carnarvon
terms.
li '^ :
104
Citnatliiiii
fOOMMONS,
I'ltcijii- /I'tiihnri/.
^'ooil >i climKte as nny otlicr ctuiutiv, we
kIkmiIiI not. iiKTcusn as lapidly iis Mic
IJnitPii Statfs. * * (l'ajL;« li!:!.)
Anlt'to(l for (liirty
I years to conic. 'I'liis Pacilic Kailway
; will l)c built in a eonipaiativcly small
niinibor of years, for it is a lujoessity for
lilt' country, not only l>ccanso wo niiido a
treaty with l>iitisli (Johiniliia, liiit liocanso
tlio ntco.ssitios of onr jiositioii licro in tlio
north, north of tlio United Stati>s. ic-
•luiro that wo shonid liavo coiiiploto com
munication with all
on the door of tliH Honso, in 187.
minion.
[•aits of tho Do- I •It'iH", l><"ii'.
Mr. PLUMH.
Tncsthi)/.
yiv. 1VKS ■ ■■'
1S3.) If(« * r.iado
Isf Dvonihcv. /SSI).
with British
so far as
* "■ ( I'a-o
a secoiiil treaty
('olumhia, under which,
tho (Jovoriimoiit wore
:ibln, he agreed to spend not loss than
$2,000,000 on the mainland of j'.ritish
Columbia every year in tl o eunstriic-
tion of tho CamuUau Panitic Itailwiiy.
ITo jnirchased large quantities of rails,
which ho transporto I at; groat expense
to the Pacific coast, for tho purpose, we
must ])resuine, of building the Pacilie
Piailway iu the Province of ]>i'itish
Columbia. ■■ * *
Tnrstliiii, .'/til JaiLHdrij, ISSI.
Mr. I'LUMB '^ (Page
250.) Following the ({overnment which
had been overthrown in 187^, ho t
felt him.self bound by the same
conditions which had bound his pre-
ilecessors. He attempted, in his own
way, to be sure it was not an tflectivo or
etiicient way, to iinplemeut the engage-
ments which had been made when British
Columbia was received into the Union,
and T may venture to cpiote liere, with
a very considerable degree of reverence
to so great an authority, the statement
which was made by tho hon. gentleman
who now sits on tiio 0[)f osition side, and
which confirms nie in the idea that it
was considered most important by the
leaders of that party, except one, to
cany out their engagements. The hou.
I gentleman (Sir liichard Cavtwiight) said
They were ipicting
his Budget Speech in 1874, against that
celebrated circular which the hon. gentle
man i.ssu(Ml when he went to lOnglaud to
negotiate his lirst loan, when ho ceased
to be brazen, and tried to trsinsniute him-
self into a metal which was not so bast;.
Tho hon. gentleman further said :
'• .Vnd it is our duty to loll you that you
liav(^ two danucrs beforo you. It' you say
you aro going lo carry out your engagement no
niau w ill Ix'lit-vo you or trust you.^If, on tho
other liaiui, you ropiidiato th<'iii you will siuk
to tlio [)o8ition ol' the repudiating States ol
America. And becnu.'^e he, Mr. Cartwrighl,
was alilo to say tiiat tlie (Jovernuient ol' Can-
ada, while not ]tropoBing to do improbable
things, wore, liowevcr, prepared faithfully and
honourably to redec;m tiuiir obligations, and
'Jiad imposed an additional taxTtof $2,000,000
fin order to do so, that ho had' suoceedcd in
this transaction."
And yet hon. gentlemen tell us that the
Pacilie llailway was to b(> constructed
without imposing additional ta.ves on the
people. ■•' •' ••'
*Mr. Mackenzie.
Mr. Langevint
t Mr. Mackenzie.
.Voiiiltii/, loth, Juu'uari/, 1S6'/.
THl': ONDKllDONK CONTRACT.
:\[r. Di:COSM()S eiKpiired, Wliat is
the e.stimated value of the work performed
iinder the railway eoutraet with A. On-
derdonk or assigns on the Canadian Pa-
cilie llailway, between Emory and Savona
Ferry, Kamloops Ijuke, up tn or about
December Ist, 1880; and wliat is the
amount of money tliat was \md to A.
Onder. )nk or assign.s, on account of said
work, up to and since Deci;mber lat»
18801
SirCHABLKS TUPPER. The esti-
mated value of the work performed up to
December 31st, 1880, is $408,500; the
t
a
•o
S
J? pub
•<| iim
■1| the
t*!3
I* railv
§1 e.l tl
Ssf only
J-g not:
I' ta.va
j3 a {o\
.0 V
I ■a
■2 5
•Hi
Canada, by not keeping faith with B. C, to sink to level of repudiating States.
t Cartwright said $3,000,000 additional were for C. P. R.
Cannitiiiii
[Janlauv IJ, IHSI.I
'itriji,
n„il,i
','/•
1 (»:.
niiiouiit puitl is tli;it iiniomil I<'hs 10 |icr
ci'tit. rotiiined as tliiiwliiick.
ito him
\
so base.
1
■ «
thnt you
.\
yo\i Hiiy
•<.2
emciit no
B •»
f, oil tll«>
will sink
States 01
^S
ivtwiiKl't-
"2
li U
t of Can-
iprobubli^
5*0
fully and
ions, and
.9
2,000,000
!«
:(;edod in
S-S
1''
tliiit. tlu!
;i
stniott!(l
s oil the
. s
H.S
^.■s
•a .
= c
u
'-S7.
•3l
^i
^V'hat i.s
)iforine(l
* +"
A. On-
lian Pa-
Savoiia
)i" about
t is the
a to A.
tof said
)er 1st,
The esti-
Hcl up to
^
OG; the
IVeilnesddi/, Lith JaiuKtr//, ISS/.
CANADIAN 1'A(!IF1C UAII-WAY.
Mr. MAdKHN/M-: ' * -
(I'agi) 'VM).) Now, Hir, in pursiiancn of a
tjeiuiral policy, whirli was airf^pti'd i)y
tho nation at large, f lolt, aftor tho P.icilic
Hail way Act was passed in 1872, after
tho exCo.s.sivo tci!!«s fjrantod to British
(Jjlumbia, that, whilo I still entoitainod
tho samo opinion iia to tho unwisdom of
that arranf^omont, as to tho o.\trava<^anc(?
of tho baigaiii, as to tlio impossiljility of
cxociiting tho contract so uiulertakon,
yot, I say, I felt bound to f;ivo whatovor
a.s.sistanco might be in uiy power as a pri-
vate member of tlio Houso and after-
wards as leader for iivo years of tho
lato Administration. But, Sir, wliile
this was the case, I was l)Ound, at tho
samo time, by other considerations as a
public man, wliicli must noccissarily weigh
invariably wuli those wlio have assuuuid
the responHibilitles of Government. In
tho lirst place, tlio A Ijl^fnit K.*'& °
of my own party decliniid to follow ine
in the division respecting the Nauaiimi
and Esipiimalt Kailway, and it will also
bo remembered, 1 hope with some tlegrce
of shame on tho part of the Conser\a "
tive members cf the then Ifouso, that
while the two leaders, the hon. nienil»er
for V'ictorii^'tlio hon. First IMinister, and
tho Minist .r of ll:iilways, votcid to sujt
port the Government on that occasion,
every man of i\u;iv folhjwors — was it by
instigation of their leaders ! — exeejit the
British Columl/ia meiiiiie' s, voted against
the building of tho. road from l']s(puiiialt
to Naiiaimo, though every man of them
was coiiiniitteil ti the iaiilding of it, not
only as far as Nanaimo, Init to the Nar-
rows by But(! Inlet, showing to what ex-
tent [larti/iui hostility will be carried by
gentlemen who have only tho desire to
serve party interests even in connec-
tion with a great <|uestioii like this.
The hon. gentleman now at the head of
the Government and the Minister ofj
Railways were both well aware of the I
.strong feeling in this House and out of :
it against even that compensation which '
•I agreed to in my di.scussiou with Lord
Carnarvon, and every one of them, when
JB;;
'Kt
}
M
iHr
,• Total paid $367.65? to December jo, 1880* for constraction in B. C. See page 149. Tottl amount expended
on,C. P. R. everywhere up to NoYember 30, 1880, $18,400,402.36, p. 143a; {airnesi of expenditure with
a vengeance,
t New doctrine of repudiation let up. See Morris, p. 109 in 1871 ; Gait, i-v> : Mills, Tilley, p. 109.
r^^
loi;
('(iiKiifimi
[<'()M.MoN.S.
I'acijie liuUumi/.
. f
\i r
Hi!
•ffiii. ii:
Mnckenzie
charges
Tufiper with
having found '
out no obli- 1
gationexistc.li
to keep faith '
on the terms
with U. C.
See page 105,
109. laj, 133,
130.
,nsk('(l i»riv,iti)Iy, woiilil Nay : '' Yes ; llir>
('(Jovormiu'iifc oii<^ltt to ho Hupportt'd." In
I fact, Olio of tlioso f^iMitlciiKMi iiukIo n
•spfoili ill whii'li luMlfoIarctl lliiit it slioiilil
l>o fjivoii, ami attor tlit^ lucaNiiro was pass-
nl iiiatle aiiotlici' spcocli sayin>4 that I
liail (h)iio fiijht ill the iiialtor. Hut what
hi'caiiu) of all tlu-ir foliowors} Why, Sir,
fvory person knows tho oxtivnio
of that docility a lew (>vtMiiiit;s tv^). Vou
wero ji;ooii enough on that oeeasion tos.ty
that sui'h was your allectioii for your
leader, and such your eonlideiiiM> in his
statements, lliat yon werecpiite wiillni^to
iieeept iiis won! instead of the production
of docuuicnls of puhlic interest to t!ie
disi'ussion. Well, Sir, I \\:\\i' no doul)!,
that there aii' a very larije nuuilier of sup-
porters of your \ iews on that side of the
House, liul, 1 say that if tliat is the ease,
in this matter a shake of tiie iion. <»eiitle-
man's head, who knows iiow to slialce it
scieiitilicaliy on such ociMsions. would
wheel his supporters into line just as
leadilv in support of my Nanaimo I'ill
as yovi did in supiiortini; his rel'usal to
produce jiai'liameiitary doc\iuien(s. Now,
Sir, in pursuit of my ohject upon the as-
siMuiition of oliice. 1 iiad to consider
what could he done in this matter, ami,
with my c(.>!Ip;ii;ues' assistance, wo di'-
cided u[ion sending a mission to IJritsh
t 'olumhia, to f.Mideavour to o'otain their
cordial assent t(j such nioditieation of the
terms of rnion as wo felt niiiiiit ho do-
sirahle. the existing ones being wholly
iu'[iosiil)lt'. For tht^ first two Si'ssions, [
aiu lu'otty sure tlio Minister of Kail-
ways latlier suppoitinl me in tlK'seelTorts;^
and till' third and fourth lu^ ami hisj
friends f< 1 out that they wero iiotj
under any • .igation to k(>e[< the termsi
with British Oolumbia at all — that it'.
was never inteudoil, although the t)rder
in Council so stated it, to build tho road
in ten years and commnnco it simultane-
ous in tv.'o. At all events, when we
assumed cilice some months of the third
year had elapsed and tho road was not
oven half surveyed. Only a very small
jioi'tion of tho country had boen trodden
over by exploring parties, and we were
left to light the battle as we could with
13ritisli Columbia, and with a general
ilr. Mackenzie.
hostile miiKU'ity in i'iirliamont lieiit
upon onibarrasHing tho (iovorninont in
("iideavour'iig to give eH'oet to their own
policy wluni they wero in oilieo. '
Frl(f(t>/, I '/ill. ./(iHHdri/, /SS/.
SirCIIAllLKS'l'lIPI'KH * * *
(I'ago lo.i.) It was Ihoii^ht a ruinous
stiht.'ine to tho pdojilo wli^eby lion. g»»ii-
tlonien opposite had 10^,^)00,(11)0 acres
at their disposal.and wjiich th^'V said wore
woitli .'i?;MS an acre —at least a large
portion of il^ ; y<'t the leader ol t,ho ( )ppo-
sition so far forgot himself a< to come
down to rarliamentami ask il tn be guilty
of a giiiss \i(ilatiun of tiie faith of this
country. lie was a ino.nber of the (Jov-
ei'imient that pled;,'cd t lienisel ves to J?rit-
ish ColuMilii I 'i> iiuild its se^'tiou. and to
taketwii mihiuiis o.it, of lip- Treastirv
iherei'ur; and now lu^ |>ro;ess'.'s fo \h:
much startled at th" utter ruin of the
country supposed to be threat(Mied by
this contract. If ho had had one inch
of ground to staml on a year ago it was
that with these IdO.lKHI.OOO acres Canada
was to be ruined forever by tho building
and woiking of the Canailian l*aci(ic Kail
way ; and yet, with that as the postulate,
what did he do t He came back and said :
"So disastrous will that be to Canada, your
going on with that work, that 1 ask this
Parliament to violati! the public faith
iind go back on the pledges which tho
(lovernment, of whi>'h I was a member,
gave to thi! Imperial Covorninent and
tho (5ovevinnpnt of British (,'olumbia.
itnd stop at the loot of tin Itocky Moun-
tains." * •'' ••'■•■
J/oi/ifiii/, 17th Jiinuari), JSSl,
Sir JOHN A. MACDONA l.D '
* * (Page 4S(i.) And he, Sir.
took up the saiiK! lino of ])olicy in essence
that wo initiated in 1S72 ; and he en-
deavoured honestly and taithfully% 1 be-
lieve, to relievo his Govrrnmont and
relieve himself and lii.s party from tho
responsibilities of his position, and of
the pledges which were made and which
lie and those whoeervod under liim made,
and which were obligations which could
not without dishonour bo broken, which
could not be delayed, which could not
without disgrace and discredit be post-
))oned. It was fulniitted that it was a
sacred obligatioiy^t was admitted that
* Sir Jota held it to be dithonour. diwrace, for GoTennneiit to brajc tanki or delay or postpon* them. Why
does he delay consttuction on E. & N. and MAhnairf . ~ ■"««"■«•, or »«"/
Canadimt
[.]a\i:ahv I". ISMl.] h,(!jlii Hailimi/. 107
(luMc w.is a trciily iiimlt! witli IJiitiHli
Coliiiiiliia, with tlio lu-ojilrt and tin; (lov-
('Miiiii'iit of Ki'itisli ( !(>l(iiiihia, iiiul iiut
only was it an a}(n>eni(Mit and a hoIchiu
l)aifj;aiii Mia answer la; ,t,'avc (
Mr. I'.L.MvI';. No; the a.:swrr
tfivon to that |>art, of tiii> ipii's
tion was that Ja; had ah'Mdy
L;iv('n notict! of tia; introdnrtion of a Hill
' to anthorizL' tins construction of the rail-
■ way, wliicii was a dilf-rcnt answer to
my fpu'slion. In the sinio speech I
askod the hon. nicniher wla'tliffr las was
ijoiiio; losuhmit the (.'arnarvon Terms for
clio approval of the House, and tia; lion.
H'cntlcman said that in that particular
ho had iiothing to ask Parliament.
Sir JOHN A. MA(;i:)()NALI).
! Well, ]\Ir. Speaker, Mr. Mackenzie told
the lion, gentleman that he had nothing
to ask Parliament for, ami it was after
that, after ho found ho was going to
get the sullen opposition of the hon.
gentlemen, and that Cave of Adullam,
which the hon. gentlenuiu had found
behind liis back, that he -whipped Mr.
-Mackenzie into that statement. 1
cannot Ijg mistaken. The circumstance
is deeply imjnessed upon my niiud.
* * "' (jtage 488). The pledge
xUiade to Biitish Columbia, tlie pledges
made in reference to the fiitare of the
Seceuion.
1 Solemn
Urgain «»Cttol-d W H. M.'. aw»««t
Dnmiiiion, will b<> carried out under tlmi
auspices of a ('onservativ(! (iovfrnmeiit,j
and with [\w support of a t'oiiservativcl
party. That road will lie constructed,
and, notwithstanding all the wiles of
the Opposition and the lliui.sy airange-
nient which has iieen ei>ne:)ctcil, the road '!'"'''/I''p"
is going to be built and proc(>eded with will be buUi.
vigoiirously, continuously, syslemntically
and siicitessfully to a completion, and the
fat(! of Canada will then, as a l)oiMinion,i
be .sealed. 'I'hen will the f ite of Canada, I
as oii(> great body, be fixed beyond the
possibility of hun. gentlemen to unsettle.
* *' * (i'ag(!.|I)0.) We knew
the go\'erning |iolicv of the Opposition,
einniciated on several o(;casions, and re-
peated in this IFou.se, during the ])resent
Si>ssion,l>y the leader of tlie ( )|)position.
W'i' kciow he is o|>[)i)H'v| to tlie buildiii
of t!ie road through I3ritish Coluinliia;
that he has, from the tinn^ the suliject
was brought Ifcfore J*a,ilianu-'nt, jirotcsteil
against it, using sucti language! to that
Province as -errjngsistei'depaic in peace. ,
We know h(! has ridiculed the id(!a of j
forcing a railroad through an inhospit- »
abhi n-gion, a sea of mountains, thi\t
woidd get no trallic, but be built at an
enormous exjif iis(! and be of no real value.
The hon. gentleman has adhercfl to that
policy. Last Session h(! iuovimI that the
iiirtlier coiistriicl ion of the road through
liritish Coluinliia, in allusion to the con-
tract given out by the ]ires.sHC(l. In tlio lirst ph^'o liis
, polii'v as 11 Miiiisttjr woiiM Ik; to stop all
■ the work in Uiitisli ( 'oluiiil)iii — not a mile
would lie Imilt- not a train would (svor
run tlirou^'h JJi-itish Coluniliia if lie could
Sir John fully, liolp it. Not iiii aiticlo of trivlo or coui-
ndmiu right of , i- ii ii.ii.
B.C. 10 appeal iiuticu would pass over H luK! tlirougli tlmt
t.iEnglai.(f,anlj. j ^^.y ^.^ ^| . |^.^j^(. J^- )„, ],.„l ]^■^^ y^lU
holds bngland , n i ,
would see and tlmt Irovmco woiud be compelled to
thelong'*iuff«° appeal to tlx) imiamount power, to tlie
ing people. justice of tlio Jlriti.sli Oovernintmt and
Parliament, where justice i.s always ren-
dered, to reli(!ve lier from conntiction with
a people .so devoid of lionoiu', so d
an altci'iirttivo to be released from union
with us. [ would say, let them go, and i
say so again.
"^Mr. lU^NSTKIt. Well, you have just
re[)eated it.
Mr. I'.LAKE. I never .said I wanted
them t'.i go. 1 only .said I wanted
them to be reasonable, an.! 1 am sure
if they were all like my lion, and amiable
frieiul from Vancouver (Mr. IJunster)
we should not hear so much of this tall
talk as we hear from that tpiartei. Those
vast ideas that jirevailed in 1871, 1872
and 1873, beginning witii the Vash and
reckless, mad and insane bargain, to com-
raence this railrouil in two years and to
finish it in ten; going on with the de-
termination tliat E.s(]uimalt should be
the terminus, before they had a survey
^Vhy Aid he nuke no provi,ton for B. C. m Syndicate, u to E. & N. Raflwmy, or Ferty, or Emory, or
Moody Secuon. Why nothing in estunates, for than ? Fin« Mntiment*. poor periormances.
Cnuilrilnii
[Janijauv is, 1S81.]
/'iirl/i- h'aUir,i;i. 100
'made at nil; },'i»iuj' on hi l(»t. a contrii'jt
l)efoio tlu'y had any kiu)wl(!(ij,'o wliatcvtM' ;
liiive piulcd ill this nisli and letkii'HH and
improviih'iitb'Mgaiii, wliiolj is an tt|)pro|»ii-
ate remedy for tlio diHiciilties in which
the Conservativt' party liavo hoen involv-
ed 8inc« th« ir onjjinal fault, in tho shift-
ing i>lans which for tlnro Sos.sions they
have \)M'\\ prHscntinj^ to acconi|ili.sh this
work. The hon. First Minister says that
the Uovcrninent of thti hon. nicniln'r for
liambtou (Mr. Mackenzie) acknowledi»ed
that tho oblij^'ation with l>rtish Columbia
could not, without national dis<,'race, be
postponed, and, with curious inconsistency,
at another portion of his speech «leelares
; that tho re.solutiou which wo jiassed, and
which declared our determination that
the work shoidd be so accomplished as
not to increase the rale of taxation, was
no infrin^enient of the bargain with
llritish Columbia;'^ since it was assented
to by its delegates here present, ie[>ort-
ed by them to the Legislatui-o at home,
met with no dissent, ami must bo taken
as part of the bargain. If so, how could
there be national disgrace or dishonour
in proceedings according to the tcirms
of that resolution '{ ]My hon. friend
from Lambton, in his address to his
electors, [irevious to the election of 1871,
stated that it was inijiossiblo to pro-
ceed according to tho terms of tliat
bargain, that there nmst bo a
relaxation of those terms, that we
could proceed no faster than the resour
ces of the country would allow, and
that Britisli Columbia niUfst lie com-
municated with so to arrange in whiit
manner that could b(! don<'. IJritish
'■ Columbia was, to my minil, wholly un-
reasonable. She declined, in efl'ect, to
treat, and an arrangf^ment bettci-'^han
which was sub.sequently discussed might
have been then accomplished had s!ie
assumed a different attitude, lint she
stuck to the letter of tho bargiin,
insisted on the ])ound of flesh, was de-
termined tl'.at there should be a com-
mencement within two years, ]irotestet!
because there was n{ilishment of her desires. '' * *
-'^^^^Z^^iv'.'^^-^^
TeraiK W be
carried out.
.Sir LKON.MII) TILLKV =<= =>= -'^
(Page 518.) IJut it is necessary, in onler
that we may see exactly what our [losi
tion is, where we stand and what is ex
pected from us in the coinitry, to go back
into the early history of this (pu'stion of
building the Canadian Pacific Hallway.
Sir, the hon. memlier asked: " Can W(f
si k so low as to ratify this contract?"
lA't me say that, as one of the members
of the Government of 1S7;5, as a member
of tho J[ouse of Commons at that tim<»
and as a representative of one of the con-
stituencies of the Dominion of Canada,
I feel. Sir, that I am bound- -and, I be-
lieve, in tho int''?°".'»
, 11- 1 Wncur in it.
|ier to do so under tiie circumstances, and See pages
held that thay had not the right byi |°j; J^ '»9-
legislation to deprive British Columbia o\
any of the terms or conditions contained\
in the contract. Sir, there was onlyi
one way in which this could have been |
obviated. The leader of the Opposition/
i
ii I
srs'^'sisr^^sss isrtei-^^'i
B- C if she had assumed • diaferent attitude
110
Ciinaih'>tii
[COMMONS.]
PiKHfic KiuUixiij.
s-\.' 'V
i^M
;'*i-
i .
hi'
liii
■'?!■ ::
stated to-iiiglit tluit lie liail siitl to Uritish
Cdhin.bia : "If it is necosstiiy that \v«}
should carry out tVie Terms of Uuion
with reference to the coiustructiun of this
lailway in all its details, i-atlier than do
that, you can go."
Mr. BLAKE— No, T did not. I said
if you depeiid, as the price of that connec-
tion, upon tlii'se terms, 1 woiil! say. you
can jj;ii.
Sir JJOjN'Ain) Tll.LKY- Thou I
wotild say tliat that is a distinction with-
out a difii'rciicc. Sir, when the lion.
i;entleinan was a uu'iiiKei of the (Govern-
ment in liS7.'^, ami up to Fehruary,
1874, tlid lie .say to British (Joluin-
hia, when they had tlm only opjiortiui-
ity in their ])o\ver, or the jiower of
Did Canada Parliament, to take ad vautasie of, in order
tell n. C. she , ,• . ,. .i ^ u w
might secede ^" rvision whatever was made
l)y the late Administration, at a cost of
81,400,000; and did they provide that
the land which siiould be granted should
be subject to taxation 'I Not at all.
Provisi(Jii was made us follows : —
" 20,01)1) acres for eacli mile of the second
siih-si'ction contracted for shall be uppropriiited
ill Hltcrnntc sections, taken alonR the line of
siuli railway, or at convouient distance there-
from, each section liavinj; a frontage of not less
than 3 miles or more thnn miles on the
line of such niilwiiy ; and two-thirds of the
Quantity — which wiis \\Q million acres — so ap-
propriated shall be sold by the Government at
such price as miiy from tunc to time be
aptrccd upon hetx»-een the (iovernor in Conncil
and contractors, and the proceeds th(;reou shall
be accounted for and paid. '
To the contractors, free from any charge
of administration, as well as of manage-
ment, and the remaining one-third be
paid to the contractors. Thirty -six mil-
lions of the fifty-four million acres were
to remain in the jiossession of the Govern-
ment, to be sold by them, and not subject
to taxation until sold. What is the case
under the present jnojiosition :
be
Canadian
[Januaky 18, 1881.] 2'acljic Raihcay. Ill
" The said lands to be of fair averngc quality
and not include any land already granted or
occupied under any patent, license ot occupa-
tion or pre-emption right, and, when a sufficient
quantity cannot be found in the immediate
vicinity of the railway, then the same quantity
or as much as may be required to complete
such quant ♦y shall be appropriated at such
other places as may be determined by the Gov-
ernor in Council."
They j>rovidecl tliut there .slioiilil he
54,000,000 acres of laud, $27,000 ,000
in cash, and $1,400,000, whicli aniunut
— adDiitting tlie estimate made by
the hon. inembers foi- Brant s'U'l West
Middlesex the other nigiit — (.ajtitalizHl
makes $4,370 per mile, or $13,000,000,
and for the branches over $l.'],0i)0,000, to
he added to the present proportion. Sir,
what did they do furtlier than iiiis ?
They entered into moie onerous enga^je-
nients than existed iii lS7-i It was
i'onnd that remonstrances oanie fijni
British Colnmbia. Renion >f lances were
laid, I may say, at the foo*^ K}i the Tiu'one
liy the Government of Biitish Columbia.
They sentra representative to England,
which led eventually to the services of
; Lord Carnarvon, the then Secretary of
State for the Colonies, being brought
into play to settle this difficult and im-
portant (juestion. What do we find were
the terms agreed u[)on by tlie late - special value ;3 the
Province of the undertaking to complete these
iwo Works; hut, aftorconsi. It-ring what has been
t'aid, I am of opinion that tin y should both bo
proceeded with at oiici', us indeed is suggested
by your Ministers. • . ♦
'•1. That $2,1100.000 a ytar, ami not $1..50O,-
000, shall be tlie minimuin exp'aiditure on rail-
way works within the Province, from the date
at whith ttie survey.s are sufficiently completed
to enaliK; that amoimt to be expended on con-
struction. In naming this amotmt I under-
i-tand that, it being alike the interest and the
wish of the Dominion Government to urge on
with all speed the completion of the works
now to 1)0 uudertiikeiH the annual expendi-
ture will bo as nuich in excess of the
miuimum of $2,000,000 as in any year may be
found practicable.
''.">. Lastly, Tiiat on or before the 3l8t
December 18'jO, the railway shall be completed
and open for trafho from the Pacitio seaboaid
to a point at the we.stern end of Lake Superior,
at which it will fall into connection with ex-
isting lines of railway through a portion of the
United States, and also with the navigation on
Canadian waters. To proieed at present with
the remainder of the railway extemliiig by the
country northward of Lake Supeiior, to the
existing Canadian linos, ought not, in my
opinion, to be required, and the time for un-
di'itaking that work must be deteriuined by
the dev<;lopment of settlement and the chang-
ing ciii umstauces of the country. The day is,
however, I hope, not very far distfuit when a
continuous line of railway, through Canadian
territory, will bo practicable, and I, therefore,
look ui>on the position of the scheme as post-
poned rather than abandoned."
This, Sir, was the i)roposition made by
Lord Carnal von through the Governor
General. I will now read an extract
from the minute of Council in answer to;
this proposition :
"The Committee of Council respectfully- >
request that Your Excellency will be plca^od
to convey to Lord Carnarvon their warm
appreciation of the kindness which led His „
lordship to tender his good oflicec to effect a byUinacia!'
settlement of the matter in dispute, and also
to assure his Lordship that every effort will b^
Acceptance
ofCanuMTron
teiuM, ig.
'n
Miiliii
■n
■ I
Hi
11
Seat Mr. Walkem in 1874.
t Camsrvon temu, 1874
ii:
Cduailitni.
[COMMONS.]
I'tU'Afir /iaihndi/.
I ,'"<
■ i^i
' -I
i I
I ■!
^8i:
Carnarvon
rejoinder.
Construction
on K. & N.
Section, sus-
pended by
vote of Senate,
not dropped.
made to hcciii'o tlii> icit'i/.iition of wiml m
espcch'tl."
Ill tuiswei- to tliiil, Jjoril ('niiiiU'von
Ntiid :
" It Ims been with (ji'cat plwisure (hut I iiavn
ica'ived ll'ls expression ot" tiieir opinion. I
ninoercly rcjoi-'o y lion, gcntloiiicii opjwsitc, wliich
:is 1 stivtoil boforc, was certainly inoi'«>
onorous than tlio original prfjposition of
1871-713. Wrll, Sir, tho operation of this
propositio!!, with rofcrenco to tho Na-
naiino Urancli of tho railroad, was siis-
juMuloil l)y an adverse vote in the Senate.
The (iovornuient of the day were cen-
sured, and uspecialiy the; leader of tiie
Utovernnient. Thein^iinatioii was thi'own
out that he was a party reall}' to tho
tlefeat of the proposition, and when i^ord
Duflerin visited ' liritish ("oluniljia ho
made a st; Trim. Jlinistci-, or 1
should have left the country."
Thon he goes on to speak the opinions
and intentions of the Government, lie
says :
" My only object in touching upon them
at all is to disabuse your mittds of the idea that
there has been any intention on the part of
Mr. Mackenzie, his Government, or of Canada,
to bruak faith with you. Every single item
of the Carnarvon Terms is at this moment in
course of fulfilment.' t
• • • • •
Sir Leonwhd Tillev.
• Ground of misundentandiog (till existi. t Are they f— No.
nulTenn
Speech Sep. 30,
1876 on
Mackentic.
Though K. &
N. Dill rejec-
ted, though
$750,000
refused, yet
Carnarvon in
course of
fulfilment.
(page r>20) — Now let us see in wliat
condition wo stood in 1878. In that
year tho obligation rcstttd upon the
(.Tovernmt^nt of constructing the Pacific
Railway in ten years Iront Thunder
Bay to tho Pacific coast, tho obliga
tioli to spend at least )3!2,O0O,O0O^ a
year in Briti.sh Columbia. This is
ovint was sincere, and that they
wen* determiiunl to carry out in 187'),
and again in 1878, the contract
which tlu'y had solemnly entered into,
and which wa.s ratified by Parliament in
1871-75 by a solemn comjjact made by the
(Tovernment of Canada, to whicli the
Imperial (iovernment was a party — a
compact between the Imperial Govern-
Inent, the Gov't'fnment of British
fColwuibia, and the Government of Canada
I — that this contract would bo hotionrablv,
hotiestly and faithfully fuHilled.^lfr Well,
Sir, down to 1878, when these gentlemen
left the Government, no active steps in
tills direction had been taken. These
advertiseinetjts had been asked for, and
some iron rails had been removed frotii
iVancouver l.sland to the mainland- -
pvidence on the part of the Government
)f their intention to proceed honestly and
'airly in uccordancti with the contract
Iiey had entered into. Will it be saiti
this was a delusion and a sham f
Certainly not; I cannot believe for a
moment, I would not insituiate for an
instant, that the members of the Admin-
istration were not sincerely detcrmineil
to carry out this work. And lot me go a
little further. Let me say, Sir — while it
has been insinuated that the delay that
took place in the surveys was for the
pur()08e of evading, for a time, the re-
8i)ou8ibilities uiwn which they entered, I
will not say that — I will take it for
grantetl they did everything in good faith
in reference to this matter; and I ask
the House and the country whether
there cotild be any more binding obliga-
• Policy 1876 to 1878. '
('(IIKIlllllll.
[.Iaxiaky is, 1S81.
/'(icljii; /idUivti//. 113
.tioii on tlio |(inl of tlic (iovt-rimicnt f.ltiin
xhiti obligation to go on when tlio surveys
j wero concindtMl, liecauHO tlmy imm a part
(if tlio r 'nH'ur.'nt that (li« moninnfc tli<>
sni'voys sv(!io completed, so as lo enal'Ie
iliem to locate tlii! road, tliey should
proceed at once with tlio exponditiiro of
= ><-J,0()(),00() a year."'' It lias iwon said l.y
j (ho leader of tlio ( )pp()sition (hat through-
out this matter ihey ncv('r lost sight of
tlin original r(;solution, which ))rovided
that the taxation of the ountry should
not he increased, but they did it in lH7t,
when they (htlibnrately — I do not blame
I hem for it — took upon thems(!lves to
iliange that oviyinal resolution and did
tax the people of this cotmtry to the
.'xtent of ^3,000,000 a year for its com-
|iletion* 'i'hat tlio taxation was increased
is a nuittor of record. Jt cannot bo gain-
said. If tiie lion, member had bc;'n in
iiis place, and • regrcit ho is not, I would
jaslc him why, when tlio surveys wereople of Canada was at the dif-
ferent periods when this subject was
under the consideration of Pailiament.
What was it in 1871? The Customs
revenue for the year 1870 and 1871 —
that was the year it was first introduced
was 811,841,104 ; Excise, $4,295,944 ;
total, $10,137,048. The average i»opula-
rion according to the Census of 1871,
which was 3,485,761, showed that from
Excise and Custuius, which establish the
taxes of the country, was $4.63i i)er
head.
^ ''iP.^' Ji!l?'^ So^"' '^'9' ^ "»«'«» »w»ey«-
September ao, tB8i.
" See next column, page 113.
I Taxation iB7i-per head ^63! in 1873
Sir KI(!llAI!i) .1.
—No; 82.75.
('AI5T WRIGHT
$;. ]i per lictd.
T.ixc< t3j6 t.i
1873 $4.50 |,ur
head less Jli.in
ill t87i by ijj
cents.
Current ye.-ir
i88o-i|5.„|
or prol>nblo
Sir I.KONAUI) TILLKV. What
I liave stated is tlu; fact. In 1H74, whenioxts 1871 4
tho late CJovernmont came down audi?'',.' 1^.1"^
increased taxation, what was tlie result?
1 liave grouped 1873-71 and 1874-75, bo-
cause tlui oflect of tlu; Tariff then intro-
ductul by tho lion. Ministcu* of Finance
rendered this necessary. In 1873-74 re-
cfi pis from Customs were !?14,325,192 ;
from Kxci.^o, Sr>,r)94,003 ; in 1874-75 the
receipts from Customs were $1 5,341 ,011;
from Kxci.se, 85,0()9,(!,S7, milking a total
of !ii!40,34t),793 ; tho ei-timated popula-
tion was at that time 3,800,000, or an
itvorage porliead or!ii!."».3l . In 1870 77
tho roceiitts from Customs were $12,540, -
!tS7; from Excise, $4,941,897; in
1''^ 77-78 the receipts from (Jusloms were
$12,782,824; from Excise, $4,858,071,
making atot;il of $35,i;5t),379 ; the esti-
mated ])opulation at that time being
3,900,()()(», or ail averag*^ of $4.50 per
liead. The estimate's for tho current year
were : h'rom Customs, $15,300,000 ; from
Excise, $5,213,000 ; making a total of
$20,51 3,000, with a population of 4,000,
000, and an av.'{;<
!
W-f ' ' 1 '
':
n»' ' '''"''^
«;
n ' ^
j |J 1' \ 1"
1 I,':' *'■■!■
^ll'i
(
1 »!•* *^' '
pir
1
l^j; [' 'ij
w||
' of 1873-7 4, wlien tljey entercJ into tliisob-
ligation. Then the hon. gentlemen were
fount] recreant to theii' pledges to ]3ritish
Cohimbia, and opposed this scheme ui)on
the plea that it wonld lead to taxation,
beyond what they themselves had pi \ced
upon the country, in order to carry this
matter out. I cannot believe that the
hon. member for Lambton, who I regret
is not now in his place, readily and cheer-
fully accc|)ted the resolution of the present
leader of the Opposition, 1 cann;jt
believe, considering the struggle tliat he
appears to have made, step by step, in
order to carry this out, that he rt^adily
acce])ted the pro^wsition of the hon.
iientleman oppo>iti\ '^ ''■ '"^^ (l"*g^
"Co) — Then this new Syndicate was
proposed, anil the result is before tlr^
House. Jt is sujipi'Si'd i>y hon. <:enll(Mii<'ii
opposite that this will li ive the (lr.->iretl
efleot; but, Sir, as J stilted at the outset,
the Government cannot accept this otier,
which bears on the fane of it the accep-
tance of terms at variance with those to
which we, as a Oovernment, have been
bound .sii.^e 1871. Would it not be said
by J3ritish Columbia, if we acce[)ted this
proposition, with its conditions, that we
were abandoning the work there, and
that we had broktai faith with British
Columbia ; would not the peojjle of
British Cohniibia have the right to take
alarm, and to feel at once that their
position was sacrificed, and that the
engagements made by both Governments
were to be ignored ; therefore. Sir, 1 hold
this proposition cannot Ix accepted liy us,
and will not be accei)ted by the great
bulk of the members of this House.
=)= * * (Page 527.) Practically
there waa no responsibility in running
the railway ior ten years from the foot of
the Rocky Mountains to Winnipeg and
the head of Lake Superior. That might
be safely entered upon by those gentle-
men willing to invest their money, but
if you say to them : " You will be bound
to build the road from Lake Nipissing
to the Pacific Ocean and work it for ten
yeai-s," I will guarantee those gentlemen
would hesitate before they put a dollar in
that enterpise or risk a cent of their money.
Under these cii-cumstances, 1 hold that
the proposal subnntted is, for practical
conBiderations, fallacious, because it does
not accomplish what we are bound to ac-
complish and desiro to see accomplished,
Sir Leonard Tilley.
for ])atriotic and other reasons. I might
a[)peal to hon. gentlemen oj)posite, who
entered into solemn obligations, who
directed the representative of Her
Majesty to assure British Columbia in
such emphatic terms that every pro-
vision of the Carnarvon Terms was being
fulfilled ; and I can imagine what the
feelings of Lord Dufferin mast have been
when he read the proceedings of this
I House a year ago, I can imagine how
I he must have felt when he read the pro-
position of the leailer of the Opposition
and remembered that he hiuiself had bjen
authorized by that gentleman to assure
the peo])le of British Columbia in 187G
tiiat the terms were in cour.se of e.teou
tion, that he would rather cut oil' hi.s
right hand that be guilty of mi.sle.iding
IJK! ])i't)pie of tliat Province.^ T can
imagine that tiu* only e.xcuse ht; could
have found for Jam was the supposition
tliat the taxation of 1879 was as great
l)er head as thac of 1874. £ wonder
what that gentleman will now think of
those who authorized him to make .such
a statement anil placed him in such a
false iMul unenviable position. * * *
Sir RICHAllD J. CAKTvVRIGHT
* ••' (Page 528.) Now, Sir, the
hon. gentleman tells us that he, as a mem-
Um- of the Cabinet of 1873, feels that he
is bound to carry out our agreement
with British Columiiia. What have
the.se two ])ropu.-ials got to do with that?
Does the one cuntnict ofier to cari-y our.
the agreement any better than the other?
Both are alike in that res;»ect, for it is
well known by every hon. gentleman in
this House that British Columbia has
never pretended to say that it was inter-
esttitl in the construction of th.at large por-
tion of the railway north of Lake Super-
ior. He says the late Groveiviment were
equally bound to carry out that agree-
ment. Well, Sir, viU Governments, in a
certain sense, are equally bound to carry
out an agreement which has been
ratified by Parliament and madeitart of
the terms of Confederation. But to say
that tlie gentlemen on this side of the
House, who protested from first to luat
in the strongest possible manner against
the terms of that mad bargain made with
British Columbia in 1871, saying that
they foresaw ail the evils, all thp difBcal-
ties, all the misfortunes which have be-
* Alluiion to Lord Dufferin's feelings
|tt being derelved and mnlewfing B. C
such a
* A-
[against
le with
|ig that
lifBcul-
lav8 he-
Vanadian
[January 18, 1881.]
Pacific liailwnij. 1 1 f)'
fallen Canada in consequence ofouri'epre-
sentatires having made that bargain with-
out consulting the people, whose instincts
would assuredly have led them to reject
it — to say that we are morally bound in
the same way as that hon. gentleman is
bound, is to state a proposition for which,
to use his own phrase, there is not the
slightest foundation. The only obliga-
tion we had in the matter was the ob-
ligation which we inherited from those
^ntlomen who entered into that agree-
ment against our jirotest and against
every dictate of common sense and pru-
dence. The hon. gentleman tells us that
we ought to have informed British
Columbia that the arrangement .should be
bi-oken off. We did tell British Colum-
bia that our policy from the first was to
fulfill the bargain only to that extent
which we found the resources of the
people of Canada M'ould warrant. On
that point there was no uncertain
sound. In the address of the
:hon member for Lambtou to hisconstitu-
ents, that condition was clearly insisted
I on. In my Budget Speech, made a few
months afterwards, that condition was in-
sisted on in the plainest terms. It was
repeatetl in our negotiutions with the
British Government. It was stated by
myself again and again to Lord Carnar-
von. It was stated in the terms as a
]>recedent of keeping faith with Britisli
Columbia that we should go to that ox-
tent, and to that extent -lone, to which
we could go in our juiigment without
unduly burdening the people of Canada.
The hon. gentleman tells ns we increased
the taxation $3,000,000 in order to build
that railway^ A more absurd statement
was never ma.,
provided always the resources of Canada
permitted it tj bo done. Last year my
hon. friend, the present leader of the Op-
jiosition, in view of the then financial
condition ot the country, with a deficit of
$1,500,000, as now ascertained, staring
us in the face, in spite of the enormous
increased rate of taxation imposed in
1879, was in perfect accordance with the
hon. member for Lamhton's pro^wsal in
the ourpe he took. Ho had a perfect
'It was distinctly stated at the time that increase was to build Railway.
TUp to end of fiscal year 1B78 Parliament had voted $iS)393.S9,000 tons of steel rails that there might
be no delay. We were told since that
he did not mean anything by this, that
he was only humbugging the people of
British Columbia ; but I, for one, do not
believe this. I scout the aspersion that
has been attempted to be cast upon
him in that respect, and believe that he
was sincere in bis desire to carry out the
bargain with Btitish Columbia and the
Imperial Government. This Government
has carried out the proposition which he
made then. The road from Yale to
Kamloops is now under construction, and
Why not In B. C. a» well M dscwhere in Qmada-moMy was bnng spent titemhtm See pages 135 » "14^
Canadian
[January 20, 1881. J /Wi/ic Hailway. 117
ipatetl
longlit
I. like
untain
)red im
b foun-
of the
ajesty,
imonlv
. Wo
;ori,
;io band
dies of
nary to
isionaiy
eader of
i:ept lii3
ople of
lo them,
hich tlio
;d them.
Lonl
d cttines.
irnarvou
cut, and
drm and
L Oolum-
, as soon
intil the
ocean to
yr, V)y the
ive long
sufficient
the con-
Golum-
then led
1 adver-
uction of
Nay,
aaid, of
id honest
greement
up there
re might
lince that
ibis, that
people of
]e, do not
lion that
it upon
that he
out the
and the
'ernment
'hich he
Yale to
ftion, and
it will bo finished, I believe, witiiin tlie
period assij^iifd in the coutnict.. lliit, if
he waH sincere, how bus it buoii with
1 others f How lias it been with tlio \)rc-
! .sent leader of tlie Opposition 1 !£« op-
posed the construction of the Esquimalt
and Nanainio road, but he was not then
in the (lovernmont. Shortly afterwards
he went into the Government, and the
(Uobe spoke as follows : —
"Mr. lilukaniay have felt it hin duty to op-
pose the (Jovernmsnt, a.s, for iiiBtance, ia the
case of the Vancouver Itailway. It was just
one uf tli080 matters wliich a (roreruraent
find it neccBsivry to carry eut as a legacy of
their predecesKorH, which some of its members
might have liketlto linve seen modified in some
of its particulars, but which, perhaps, ouly a
Mini.ster himself, informed on every point
alVcctiiig it, was fully competent to decide.
We rejoice to think that in this and other
questions Sir. lilaka has accepted the responsi-
bility, as ho will also enjoy the advantage of
sharing in the councils cf his friends in the
a, anil what
has been the result ? At all t,ho.so elec-
tions it is to be jiresumed that this great
(lut'stion, ui)on which hon. gentlemen
challenged the vote of Parliament last
year, was submitted to the electors iu
those several constituencies, and yet we
find not one single constituency which
before was lepresented by a friend of the
(irovernment has gone to the Opposition ;
but, on the contrary, we find that where-
as of those nine constituencies four were
last year lepro.sented by lion, gentlemen
who sit upon the other side of the House,
now but two are so repre.sented. So that
we may fairly say that at the only test
which we can have during the term of
any Parliament, that of the by-elections,
thepeople acquiesced in thedeoision which
Parliament gave last year, tocon^tnict th ;
Pacific Railway as a whole. * ■* * (P»ig<'
571). When they came in, they increased taitationri874-
the taxation of this country by .-$3,000,000. .
If they had simply increased the taxation
of the country, they might have said
that it was on account of the construc-
tion of our canals, the completion of the
Intercolonial antl other public works,
which requireil to be constructed, and
which, therefore, involved a necessity for
increased taxation. But that was not
the state of the case. The
'¥
Incrcaiied
statement object of
made by the leader of the Government increwe of
at that time was to the efifect that this
.$3,000,000 additional taxation had been
expressly raised for the construction of
the Canadian Pacific llailway. That
statement was made, not on the floor of
Parliament, not as a busting speech, but ■
it was made in an official document for
submission io the Imperial Government, OBicialdo«>-
a document in which, if anywhere, it (^ imperial
seems to me a public man in this country Gov«rnmentj^
ought to be exceedingly careful and ac- or both. I
curate in the statements he ventures to
make. It was made for the purpose of
inducing the Imperial Qorernment to;
[to !«••
118
Canadian
[COMMONS.]
Facijic Hail way.
.t n
■ii f
i M
IucquieBce in tlie proposition that this
Government were doing everything they
could to implement the bargain wlilr
'tBritish Columbia. Here is one state
nient made in the report of the 23rd of
July, 1S74, being a Minute of Council
prepared, I venture to say, by the then
First Minister himself :
Increase of I ., . , ,.
taxation for' "no anxious, however, were Ihe present
C. P. Ry; GovernnicDt to remove any possible cause of
?° B'™^"^'nomplaint, that tlicy did talte means to increase
elsewhere, the taxation very materially in order to place
themselves in a position to make arrange-
ments for the prosecution of the initial and
difficult portions of the line, as soon ua it was
possible to do so."
And then, in order that thfro might be
no doubt us to the precise ainounb they
had uddod to the taxation for this j»ur-
pose, another Minute of Council, of 8th of
July, 1874, used these words :
"In order to enable the Government to
See Cart- ' "WfX owt the proposal, which it was hoped ibe
Wright's deni»l'*"**8h Columbia Government would have ae-
p. 114, IIS, Depted, th« average rate of taxation was raised
ii6$3,ooo,ooo.Bt the last Session about fifteen per cent, and
the Excise duties 0:1 "pirits and tobacco a cor-
responding rate, both involving additional
, tixatloa exceedmg three millions ut dollars on
the transactions of the year."^
■^,
Moiulai/, :24th Jdunary, JSSl,
Mr. ANGLIJf * h= * (Pagp
630.) Hon. gfntlempn opposite bound
this country, so far as they could by
words, Act of Parliament and Imperial
Proclamation, to commence that whola
road within two years and finish it
\ within ten. The Carnarvon Terms bound
j the Government, as far ixs they could, to
finish, not the whole of the road, but
that portion fiom Lake Superior to the
Pacific, within a very much longer
])eriod. It is sometimes .said that the
obligation to expend ^2,000,000 i)er
annum in British Columbia was a con-
dition far more onerous than any implied
in the original terms. But even that Lj
a very great mistake. My own impres-
sion is that the hon. member for Lamb-
ton, in agreeing to thit condition, com-
mitted a serious error. I do not believe
he should have bound even himself,
though he considered he was acting
within the original terms of the bargain,
to any such ex|)enditure ; but it was not
adding to the burden of the original terms
even to agree to spend $2,000,000 i)er
Mr. White (Cardwell.)
annum within British Columbia, for a
smaller expenditure in that vast moun-
tainous region could not possibly have
brought the works to completion within
a shorter time than tlie time specified.
We thought it well to adhere as closely
as possible to that declaration — for it was
little more, after all, than that made by
this Parliament immediately after the
bargain with British Columbia wa-n
concluded, that the road should be so
built as not to aild nuiterially to the
weight of our taxation. * # #
Mr. CIROUARD (Jacques Cartier)
* * * (Pnge 037.) I am aware that
in 1871 the House of Commons passed a
resolution restricting its obligation to
build the railway. I know that the
\)oUcy laid down 'm thnt resolution was
to the eflect tliai ho cnnstruotion of the
Canadian Pacific Railway Vas to be
prosucutfcd so as not to increase the rate
of taxation upon the people. This wn.s
then the ])olie3' of this countiy. It was
reaffirmed in the Statute-book of 1872
and 1874. 1 know all that. But did
British Columbia ever assent to this
serious restriction 1 Was it inserted in
the Terms of the Union 1 No, Sir, and I
venture the hon. members will not con-
tradict me in this res|»ect. By the terms
of the British North America Act of
I8f)7 it was provided that British Colum-
bia could enter Confederation upon such
terms and conditions as will be expressed
in the addresses of British Columbia on
the one part and Canada on the other.
Now let us see what these addres'^es pro-
vide about the construction of this rail-
way :
'• The Government »f tlie Dominion under-
take to secure the commencement simultane-
ously, witkin two years from the date of the
Union, of the construction of a railway from
the Pacific towards the Rocky Mountains, and
from such point as may be selected east of, the
Rocky Mountains towards the Pacific, to con-
nect the seaboard of British Columbia with the
railway aystcm of Canada ; and, further, to se-
cure the completion of such railway within ten
years from the date of the Union."
Not a word is to be found about the rate
of taxation which the construction of the
railway might produce. Canada has
undertaken unconditionally to build the
railway within ten years. And has
British Columbia ever since given her
consent to any change of those terms, at
least in this pR0 00
y. The Dupartiucutof Indian AlViiirs 17,500 00
]\lr. P.UNSTEPt. I dcsiro to ask du
loader of the (loverinnont what ho int(!nds
to do witli respect to tho twenty niihi 'lelt
of railway lands in Vancouver Island,
through whieli no survoy.s had yot boon
iftiado.
Sir JOHN A. MACDONALD. T
aiu not quite suio wo havo got tho land
yet. Tiieve is a provision in treaty with
Britisli Oolunihia for twenty miles to bo
reserved on oacli side of the railway ; hut
there is a ditlerence of oi»inion between
tho Premier of l?ritish Columbia and
; myself as to what that means. I take it
that we are not to measure land up hill and
down dale, but twenty miles of land fit
for settlement. We have not arrived at
that point at which we feel ourselves
jjjjj j^ yj ustified in spending money in surveys
to survey yet, Ithero; butf I liojw We will come to .some
Jandmust' jnirangemcnt. In the Fraser Valley a
remain closedi^ood deal of land was taken itplong ago.
ose men . jj ^^ happy to believe that a good detvl of
; the land is very rich in minerals, and
• jierhaps we may be able to moke it
valuable for its mineral wealth. I am
afraid of arable land we will not get
. raucli in the Fraser Valley. Pretty
much all of the good land has i)cen taken
possession of either by white men or In-
dians.
Mr. BUNSTER. I diOer most em-
j)hatically from the Premver, who, I
think, has been accce[»ting advice from
tho hon. member for West Durham (Mr.
niake). I assure th(< hon. gentleman
thern is a good deal of good land
in Uritish Colnrnliia, and tliat among tlm
land rcservcMl l)y tho Dominion (Jovern
ment for ijtilway imrposes. \ know from
personal oliservation then* is a great deal
of good land there lit for settliMnent.
There is no on(>, howevei", to whom hoI-
tlerscan apply for information. There is
no land ollice all over Ihitish Columbia.
In tho railway reserves ar,d within 10()
miles of Victoria, there is good lami.
Tho reason why there is no emigration
to British Columbia is simply bfminse
the railway lands are locked up in the
hands of tho Dominion Government, and
there is no one to dispose of them to set-
tl(;rs. I ask the hon. the Premier to give*
the matter his serious consideration, and
see that no injustice is done to tin-
Province.
Sir JOHN A. MACDONALD. I do
not mean to say there is not good land
on Vancouver Island. I * believe tin-
Cowiehan Valley is vm-y good land in-
deed. I do not know its dimensions, but
it is a fine valley, I am told, and that it is
beautifiil and romantic as well as being
fit for settlement. At the upper end of
the Island there are very desirable coal
mines, which were resorved l)y the
British Columbia Goverinnent.
Mr. DUNSTEIl. At your request.
Sir JOHN A. MACDONALD. No
doubt. It has been resoi ved by tho Act,
and the Government of Canfte
.settled during the pre.sent year with tho
Briti.sU Columbia Government, That
land having been conveyed to the Dom-
inion by an Act of the British Columbia
Legislatine, it must be ratified bv the
Parhament ot Canada.T As.' to tho main-
land, I am vei-y glad indeed to believe the
hon. gentleman that there j-emains still
valuable land in the valley of tlie Fraser.
I was under the imi)ression that the set-
tlera who have gone in there had taken
possession of the most valuable jmrtions
of the valley. Of course, we will try
to take all the good land we can. We
have a right to twenty miles on each side of
the line of railway, and I earnestly hope
that the hon. gentleman is correct in hi.s
Mr. McCarthy.
PacSc'cW ^°^^ " '"'''''" '^'"'^ '^■° ** «"*■ Terms of Union lequire Railway to be built from
^ ^ o^'S'a.I*' °' ^' "^"^ '' *^" ^' *'* " »"*«='«"' conveywH*' Th« Union terms an sufficient wahoo*
Cdiiitilliui
Mai« II S. 18^1.1
Pacific /inlhnii/. I'Jl
(Mr.
(MUiin
ItlU'l
jvcrn
r from
.1 tloiil
(llU'l.t.
li Hut-
Ikm'o is
inu*>ii«-
lin 101)
1 laiitl
^Vivtion
b(WiV>IK<'
in tlu>
I to Hot-
to gtvn
on, !i'>"l
tu tbi!
>. I J"
oil liinil
ievo till-
land in-
liona, but
that it is
is beinj;
ir end of
ra\)lo coiil
hv t.b«
vcqnost.
jy. No
tho Act,
I has not
II or dis-
will >»e
with tho
kt. That
|he Dom-
:;:olumbia
Jd by tli«
Jlio raain-
lelieve the
lains still
]p Fraaer.
, tho set-
Jid taken
y)ortions
will try
ban. We
achsideof
Utly hope
let in hi»
It from
Irtbout
Htat<'in(Mit tliat this forty miles tract ocn-
tains very vahiabld liind." I'litil tho line
I of railway wan Holtied, wo did not
know wliero our lands wore at one time.
Hon. f(0!»tl(Mnt'n hiivc said tliat it was at
Ihito inlet. i\Iy mind ran Htronj^ly in
that diroction. Twonty niil
Mr. miNSTER. Ihitish Columbia
did not agroo that you are always to keep
the lands locked up without utilizing
them. £ would also like to know if the
(toverntnent intends to keep the lands
(ui Vancouver Island locked up for ever.
1 consider the Syndicate agreement has
done a groat injustice tj Vancouver
Island.^
SirJOHN A. MACDONALD. If I
am able to go to Uritish Columbia this
summer and enjoy the hospitality of my
lion, friend, I hope to have his assistance
with the Local Legislature to settle all
those disputes.
Mr. bunste:?
hecu there before.
Yuu osght to havo
Mr. BLAKFl T .^lupiiose if the land
on Vancouver Island has been ajjpro-
priated by tho British Columbia Legisla-
ture it is competent for that Legislature
to undo what they have dor.e and to
repeal tlie Act they havo passed. I
think my hon. friend is rather anxious
that the Government would retain the
twenty niiles on eacli side of the line, as
far as I Ct\n see. There appears to be a
dispos'.don on the part of Vancouver
lalarid^to have some sort of miderstand-
Sng that the land shall be kept by the
dominion, because 1 think there is a
slight condition attached to the retainer
of that twenty miles of land, there is a
trifle of railway to be built as the con-
dition.^ As allusion has been made fur
the second time to the dispute between
the Government of British Columbia
and the Canadian Government on tiie
subject of tho land which we have a
claim to, I would likv to kno\r tiiei
nature of that dispute. The hon. ;
gentleman, as far as I cm; undei-stand 1
him lo-niglit and on tho former oci^aHJou, I
s('(!Uis to Hay that tho question w;is not
wh(*thtir, in the measurement of the lurul.
we should measure down Ihn hill m- up
the dale, «tc., in order to iiiid wlirn- tlm
twenty miles woidd reach, or whotlicr it.
should be measured hu as to ohtain,
twenty miles on a level. T do not ktu)W)
how far ho wotdd havo to go (,o get'
twonty miles on tho level, or what amount
of country ho would have to go over.
But I had supposed from statements in
tho newspapers on tho subject that tho
dispute had assumed oven more formi-
dable proportions than that. 1 SlippOHl!
there is a disposition on the part uf the
Dominion Government to havo land
reasonably lit for settlement, or is it the
intention that all the land shall be taken
within this twenty mile belt, whether it
bo rocky or untit for settlement ]
Sir JOUN A. MACDOXALI). L.
the treaty unfortunately the quality ol"
the land is not s})eci(ied. It is mcn-ely
statfid that it should be twonty miles of/
good liind. My contention is — an 1 l\
fancy the hon. gentleman is not alto-
gether unreasonable — that as we agree to
pay a certain sum annually for that grant
of land it must be land fit for somethini^.
I do not suppose wo could insist upon its
being first quality, but that it should In;
fit either for settlement, araljle land, or
pasture land, or mineral land, that it.
should be land worth something;^* We
should get something for the annual sum
of money we have to pay for the laml.
That point has not yet been acceded to
by the Government of British Columbia ;
we .are still at; variance uikiii it, bub I
think tliat thatGovernment will be reason- •*
able. Of course they can rej)oal thati
Act, but very probably they consider I
that it is a statutory title in r-.'serve, j
otherwise they could properly deprive us'
of it without our consent.
Mr. BLAKK. As to the land in Brit-);
isli Columbia, you say to thern : " Wei
ask for bread and you give us a ftone." I
SirJOHN A. MACDONALD. Yes,|
I am afraid we are going to get a stone. I
How does this ame with Tnitch chase. See page 259, a«o. ** On Bute route, better land.
^ „ ,. *** B- C. Government conveyed it by Statute, page 258-9 in 1880— a year ago.
f syndicate agreement, injustice 10 V. I. .» % E. nnd N. Railway to be built, as one condition of holding
. ;^i lands on V. I. X^^^ Pamphlet, p.p. 221 to 225, for explanation.
CaruiUian
I.L
Mr. BUNHTER. The lion, gentleman
I'of WoHt Durham is uiistakon in think-
ing thikt the land ia rocky, a8 ho hiis til-
ways represented it to be.
Mr. BliAKE. The Minister wus S!jy-
ing it wiiH rocky, not J.
Mr. BtTNSTER. He got hia informa-
tion from yon. For IGO miles along
Vancouver Island there is not one rock.
There was, some time ago, a very iucor-
lect majt drawn uj) of the country by the
Premier's contidenlial agent — a part of
the country whore he has never been.
It was re)ire.sented as rocky, and the hon.
member for West Durham, on the floor
of this House, held tliat map up, saying
that there wore more rocks there than
anything else.
/ Mr. MILT.H. I should ho sorry niy-
I self to see that map receive the puMic
j sanction, because I do not think it is ro-
I liable. 1 tliink that, however proper it
may be for a private individual wlio has
IK) special responsibility to issue such a
map, it is hardly well that the Govern-
ment should ill any way make itself re-
^Hlionsil)](j fur the circulation of a map of
that kind.
[SENATE] Paci/tc Jiailwaj/.
Thuraday, 10th March, 1881.
(Page 1320.)
IN COMMITTEE OP SUPPLY.
76. Britlih Colombia $3,000,000 00
Mr. MACKENZIE. I asked for in-
formation regarding this item, whether
any change was to be made in the grades
and curves between Yale and Moody,
whether any change has been made by
which it is pro|)osed to let tliis by con-
tract now, or whether the entire amount
is for the contracts already let in British
Coluudna.
I Mr. POP i^;. It is believed the curva-
t\ue and th(! ,L,'r.iiies can be kept as thev
are. The au'iouut of .S.'?,00(»,OU() is for
that contract wluch is lot. -)^-
Mr. ANOLTN. We were told the ex-
pense of the work has been reduced.
In what way had it been reduced ■?
Mr. POPE. By the change in loca-
tion, not by reducing the grades and
curvatures.
Sir Alex.
CampbcU't
Syndicate
Sutemeni
on C. P. R.
Ca
pi'pe replied that $3,000,000 is for Onderdonk's contract : none fnr Moody and Emory Section, or Surveys
or on Seaboard.
E.vniACTS//. •"' - ''Achates of the Senate of the Dominion of Canada,
i))xl Sessio7i, 4:111 J. x.v.'iaineiU, 1881.
THE SENATE.
Thursdiiy, February Srd, 18S1.
The iSpeuker took the chvijr r.t 3 \).m.
TACIFIC RAILWAY BI'.L.
SECOND REAlllNG,
Hon. Sir ALEX. CAMPBELL * * *
(Pago 113.) I am afraid I shall not bo
able to pre.sent it to this House in any
now aspect, or offer to you many argii-
nients or reflections which have not al-
ready occurred to you, but, representing,
with my colleagues, the Government in
this House, we feel that I should be
wanting in that duty and respect which
wo owe to the Senate if I did not offer
such observations as seemed to me neces-
Mr. BUNSTER.
sary to a separate and distinct and com-
plete consideration of the measure in this
brancli of the Legislature. The facts are
well known to the House. I will not
enter into any lengthy historical resurm-
of them. They are to be found recordeeople are settled in tlio North- inut«»»
West, we would get a revenue from them
of $2,500,000 per annum. * # #
4 par ('.«"»•
diking to«»
»t.«oo,ooo.
Total constructed or under ( oiktract $24,6'j:),T00
Which will U'ave the amount of money
dealt wldi by the present Bill, and which
Parliament is now asked to commit tiie
.;ountry to, $28,300,300, of which 825,-
000,0dn go to this company and $3,300,-
300 to constru(^t tho railway fioin
Kmory's Bar to Port Moo(ly.+ The total
oxptrnditure in money, howevL-r, from
beginning to end, will be, as 1 have; said,
$53,000,000. The interest, at 4 per
cent, upon this sum, amounts to
82,120,000, but take the expenditure to
which we are committing ourselves by
the p. jsent Bill, and which, as I have
shown, is less than $29,000,000 (the other
§24,000,000 rej^reseuting contracts al-
ready entered into, and the Penibiim
Hranch, already constructed) the intt'idst
upon this amount, which, tor the ])\iri»0Hi'
of this calculation, 1 will put at
$30,000,000, would i)o .^1,200,000 pnr
annum. Against this, let me suggest for
a moment the probable res\ilt of the
peopling *■ that country by immigrants,
and the pr vble result to the revenue of
its settlement, even in its infancy. I
have before me a statement of the vo-
venue per capita of the country.^ It
amounts in some of the Provinces to
S3.0G per capita ; in some to $3.05 ;
and in Manitoba and Bi-itish Cohimbia,
where the consumption of goods is more
in proportion to the population, tlio
amount is larger, being 89.14 in ^Mani-
toba and $10.32 in British Columbia.
Suppose we divide that by half, and say
the revenue from settlers in the Nortli-
West will be $5 per head, 100,000 set-
tiers would yield $500,000 to the re-
venue and 500,000 would yield
$2,500,000, which would bo more 'than
the interest on the whole cost of the rail-
way— $53,000,000. Supposing that
through the exertions of this Company
which thev are oblised to ])ut forward,
" Out of $24,693,000, to which Canada is committed, $8,431 A,
♦ N^? ■ ".ff^?*' °j'fe*a*7'«55S had been expendtdTn fi. V.
t Not a word of E. ad N. Section or extensionto Enirlish Mav
Hon. Mr. SCOTF * * * (Page 127.),
I agree with the olwervations with whicli
1)0 * o|iened his speech to the House iri
reference to the obligations we entered
ufion in 1871 with British Columbia, but
the fact that we are now, at a period of
ten years from that date, discussing the
project of the Pacific Railway must be
the best possible evidence that the pro-
posal of the Government of that day was
entirely premature ; that the circum-
stances of the times did not warrant the
l)romise made to British Columbia, when
that Province came into the Union, that,
Canada would, within a jieriod of ten
years, construct an all-rail route from
the Atlantic to the Pacific. We find pmnk ^Imit
ourselves, at a iieriod of ten years from »><>" "^ *"
,, . , ' 1 ,. •' . , wrong done
that date, now discussing seriously a to B. C. not
proposition to build this railway ; for, ' "jjf,;'^
j)ractically, to-day, in the direction of in B. C. in
British Columbia, we have not any con- , jrebniary 3.
sHcutive line of railway, beyond that'
very short portion that extendi west-
ward from Wiuuipeg of the first hundred!
miles, and the po)'tion froni Thundei"
Bay to Selkirk tliat is still incomplete.'
No evidence coulil be stronger that the
pioi)ositiou of tliat day was an extremely
imprudent and hasty one on the part of
this country. In accordance with the
treaty I recognize that it is the duty of
this country to •> lild tho railway, but to
build it only ist as the circumstances
of the Dominii^n will warrant. * * *
(Pago 152.) Although our railways in
the east arc not profitable public works,
none of us are forcing the Government
to get rid of them. The tide is now in
the svost, and those rich prairie lands,
now helJ. at such coin[)aratively low
figures, would vastly increase in value
were they opened up by an all-vail route,,
owned and controlled by the Govern-!
ment, from the Atlantic to the Pacific.,?
This House ought not to hesitate if they*
chink it is in the best interosts of tha
country to reject the proposition now be4
* Sir Alex. Cam|ili<.'II.
r^.^/f r?" ^ ^' °"5 of $18,600,402 Nov. ^o
exto^on .0 EnglUh itilVrJ^- *"• "^ ^ •»«' '« "^ >°4-5.
^iStL};^r^v?;cJ,.•::.d^a°Ai?»^v^^•°~ -^^^^'n^^fr^B.c, n. w. t..
t BasuofTaxatioo. r ..
I
M
wv
i J
I'Jl
(.'laiiiiliiit
[SKNATI-:.] /Vf.vV/f Ji„llicii>/.
Violntion of
Cnrnnrvon
termx by
Senate.
See pages 35,
59. iic, 4j
63, Scotl Ex.
Sec. of State
concurs in
defeat of
E. & N. Bill.
li
Scott llirow; off
hi-i m.-vsk worn
ill iSt-, on
E. &M. liill.
f'tiiv tln'iii. hid tlicy not iiitorforc
with tlio policy «)t' uiiotlici- ilowniniont
(HI ii foriiuM" oi'Oii.sioii ? I)i(l Uicy not in-
toriVro with tliatr pojioy tliongh it hiul
lieen latilioil nml a|)|iroveil by 11 nioinbor
of tiic Iiuporiiil (Jovornmonl, wlio .'is-
simicd tt) hiiiisoH", an Itotweon tho l>i)-
niinioix ami tiie woiilcn- province, tlio
position of arlitrator? "NVhiMi tho Into
< Jovornni(nit a'.ocjttcd tliat arbitivunont
and brought in tiioir nioasnio for tho con-
struction of tiio Kscpiiinalt and Nu-
nairao IWanch, wo icnow how tliis IFoiuse
dealt witli it. 'i'iipy tln-o\v it out. I do
not hesitate to .say that tlio Soniito acted
properly in throwing it out. (lovorn-
nients somotinics make niiatakcs just an
individuals make mistakes, as 1 believe
this Government to-day i;* making a very
grave mistake, but I bclievegovernmont.i
ought to rise sujierior to the feelings of
the hour and to stand corrected when
they uro shown that tlicir policy is
wrong. I have noTcr hesitated, )iorson-
ally, in private life, or publicly, in my
acts of administration, if F found that
1 had made a mistake, to take it back.
In the accumulated light that we have
Uathered the last few year-s I believe that
the Senate acted wisely, and in tho in-
terests of the people of this country, when
they rejected the Esquinmltnnd Nanaimo
r>ill, and, if it is still true to tlio interests
of tlie iieople, it will exercise tho same
wise discrimination in regard to the Bill
now^before the House. * '■'•' *
Hon. Mr. CORNWAl.L (Pago 174.)
1 1 hope it may not bo considered ]»re-
Huraption on my part to rise and address
the Houso in immediate su:?ces.sion to
tho distinguishf I gentleman who, before
six o'clock, took his seat after an addre.ss
which havl cxtemlcd over three days.
* * * I was surprised — 1 will not
ffay surpriscHl — but n)y attention was at-
tracted at tho outset of his s-peech liy a
remark which lie made, a remark not
made for the first time, a remark often
repetlted by hiui, but a renuuk very
significant of Ids peculiai- views ; it was
that the lapse of tt-n years since the
bargain with British Columbia as to the
commencement and completion of this
railway was tirst made without wnv very
particular jirogress having been made,
was a sutlicient proof of the folly of that
bargain and of its premature clianictor.
I foil. Mr. StoiT.
The lu)n, gentleman did not, 1iowov(m .
produce an argument in support
of the assertion which ho thus made,
but, notwithstanding that, I think it is
a subject on which I might well spend
a finv moments, to «^(piiro whethei
really the lap.so of this time shows th(
bargain thus mado was an unwise and
])rematuro bargain, or whether wo may
not, perhaps, more coirectly, lay the
blame of tho delay which has taken place
on the shouldei'b of 11 jiarticular party of
politicians in this country. Wo all 10-
luember that within two years after tho
ratification of this bargain with British
(^olumbia the charter which is known as
tho Allan charter was given out by the
Government of that ilay. Wo all know
that Sir llugli Allan went to England
to raise the money that was to enabh;
him to carry out the undertaking which
he had engaged to j)crform ; we all know
that he failed in tho mission which lie
thus undertook to JOngland, and for this
failure of his mission there was one of two
causes : either this failure arose
from tho perverse o|>position which was
given to him and to tho persistent
opposition oflcred to the whole under-
taking, by a certain party in this country,
and by a certain ])ortion of the i)ress of
this country, not oidy here, but by theii-
agents in Kngland : or, on tho other
hand, the failui-e of his mission to
England occmrcd because the charter
which he had ol)lained did not contain
suflicien'.ly favourable conditions to in
duce capitalists to back him in tin;
undertaking which he had entered into
to construct this enormous work. Now,
if my tlr.st view is correct, that it was
owing to the opjiosition tliat the build-
ing of the whole of the Canadian
Pacilic liailway received at the hands
of a certain party in this country, then,
it is a fact that for that opposition and
for the failure of Sir Hugh Allan's mis-
sion, a certain portion of tho ])res3 and
))eople of this country is responsible, and
that is the portion who are now in oj>
jmsition to tho Government which •-, ow
entrusted with the administratioiL . the
affairs of Canada, and in this way we
may account for three years of tho ten
which have elapsed sii'ce the bargain witii
]>ritish Columbia was first made. What
sliill we say, then, of the succeeding five
years, the live years in which the party m'
ti
■ lo
; en
! W(
oil
till
III
1.01
Cunadinii.
[Fkiirl'aky n, IS.'^l.]
/'(irijir llallwiiij. 125
)wev(!!,
H made,
ik it is
I spend
vhcUiei
)WS till-
ISO ami
wo mii>
lay ill*'
:en plai'i-
party of
■ all 10-
ifter tliti
I Bi'itisli
snown as
t by tlu'
all know
Englaml
to enable
njj whifli
? all know
which 1h'
id for this
one of twi^
!■(> arose
yhlch was
pevsistont
olo under-
is country ,
he press of
it by their
Itho other
/isnion to
lu; chartiT
|jt contain
ous to in
m in the
[stored into
•k. Now,
ivt it was
the build-
Canadian
the hands
ptry, then,
[sition and
llan's mis-
press and
iihible, and
L)W in op-
Lich =-. ow
Itioi. - the
i.s way we
,f the ten
vj'ain with
Jle. Wlnvt
Iceding tivo
]ho party i>f
the lion, "^ontk'inaii who !ias made this
k)ng address to ns was in power? What
is the history of tliat iivo years in con-
nection with the buildins* of this jjreat
enterprise of tlie ('aiiadian Pacific Kail-
way? Is it not acknowlndf^ed throui^h-
outthe lenfjth and breadth of the eountiy
tiiat tljos(! live years wero flittered away
in attempts to inaulots
of land, and that all this seemed to be
flone simply with the ol)jeot of throwing
dust into the eyes of the people — with
the object of blinding the intelligence of
the people as to the ab.soluto want of
])olicy which characterizoil the acts of the
Government? So, five year.) wim-o spent,
and in connection with tho tliree years
to which I had already alluded, occupy-
ing eight out of the ten that have now
elapsed sin-e the completion of the bar-
gain with iJritish Columbia. Kor tlie
remaihing two years what have we to
.show? There are now at present under
construction- some 000 or 700 Jiiiles
or it may be Eome miles lUDre,
of the toral length of the Pacific RaiKvay,
and of those 700 miles a portion is al-
ready approaching completion, while with
reference to the remainder ot that
long line wo have now l)efure us tlie
scheme which is embodied in the J Sill
which we have been re-eonsii'ering, and
which seems to me, at all evei ts, to be a
sensible and practical scheme. I think it
ar.ything
would be useless in me to say
further to show there i.s nothing to support
* Five yeani fritteml aw«y. f Charmcler of Survey*.
the a.s.sertions of the Imn. gentleman who
last spoke, as to the fa(;t that tho bargain
which was mailo with Ibitish Columbia,
in tho first place, was an unwise and pre-
mature bargain, because, if any blame
in tho matter whatever attaches foi" tlio
delay which has occurred it must be
altogether on the shouhlers of the party
of which the lion, gentleman is a jmo
minent supporter. * >^ * (Pago 170.)
Although the lion, gentleman did not rt!
for to the whole of the line with reference
to this particular point, yet ho was care
ful to say, as regarrls one [tarticular sei*
tion of that line, that there was no po.ssi-
bility of its ever being a paying concern.
Ofcour.sothe ]iart of the lino to whicli^
tho hon. gentleman leferred was the^
western portion of the central section,;
and what IS known as the western soj
tion proper, both of which are in IJritish^
Columbia. 1 know that the lion, gen-
tleman, although he makes this assertion,
has no special knowledge of tlm
Province of l^ritish Clolumbia. He has
never been in that ))rovince, and there-
fore it has not been in his power to in I
form himself very particularly as to the
characteristics of that country. I thinl:,
further, that ho has never been .s® far
west in the West
said is substantially correct. The speech
was on an important motion, and yet tl •
report of it does not occupy one colunj
of printed matter. It had no argume) /i^f,
of any sort or kind enunciated in sUj^'^'X''
port of the Bill which ho brought for
ward. All he said was, that he 'la i the
honour to propose tiie second r.^adip.gof
a Bill in order to carry out tb : .ur.nge-
ment made by the Gove <.ujie'.!;, atul
when my hon. friend, the ^ "es '. hn-
if>ter of Inland Revenue, got up i: i pr<-
posed an iimendmeut to that ^.Niti . i
that the Bill should not then be reat',but
be read that day six months, what C/urse
was pursued by the then Secretary of
SUito 1 He never exerted hira3el( in the
slightest degree ; he never liftea up his
voice or hehl up his finger in support of
this Bill, but sat contentedly in his place
and allowed his own supp. ers to vote
down the Bill.
Hon. Mr. SCOTT. No, •
Hon. Mr. CORNWALL. I repeat, he
iilluweii MS own supporters to vote down
B jT'i a
BUI introducad by Scott,
P
Haying
jference
3C»»ll to
hat did
II. The
; sittint?
of 1875.
onstruct
Railway,
mtlemaii
of State
ill this
[on. Mr.
At all-
a mein-
itroduceil
iber •well
eech with
and yel
in order
st solemn
irnment of
itered.
II remem-
truo made !
f the hon.
ort of thill
at 1 havo
The speech
nd yet t| •
\e coluii
argumej/>rtf,,;
id in sUi^'-"*"
ou^ht for
|-o Mii i the
Ir.a.lirg ol"
•I. u-iul
■-.' hu-
.1 • ; pn-
kit .;.->^' 1
vein', bat
liat C'/urse
Icretity of
lael' in thti
lp.i up his
Inpport of
ji his placf
L to vote
ie\>cat, hfi
Ivote down
CunaJtnn
[Fkbuuauy 3, 1881.1
I'ocific Ilailwoy. 127
the Bill whicli he had him.self introduced,
and which he was bound to see through
if he could possibly do so. That is a true
statement of what hapjiencd on that i)ar-
ticular occasion.
Hon. Mr. SCOTT. No, no.
Hon. ]\rr. CORNWALL— I regret
■that what has occurred now substantiates
my suspicion as to what led to the defeat
of that Bill. 1 would like to know what
our late Governor General, Lord Dufferin,
would think of this niatter if it was
brought to his knowledge. Lord l^uf-
lerin himself, in private eonversation
with me — ■ —
Hon. Mr. SCOT!'. Order.
Hon. Mr. CORNWALL. 1 am quite
in order. liOrd DuU'eiin always ex-
pressed himself strongly on this point,
and in one of the notable speeches which
li(^ made while holding a position here —
a speech to the j)eoplo of Victoria and
Vancouver Island — he took it uj)on him-
self to say that if he had the slightest
idea thaf on the j)art of his Ministers
there wasany duplicity with reference to
this particular Bill, eithei* they would
have been dismissed, or he himself would
have left the country^i I hope the mat-
ter never will be brought under his
knowledge. I confess I would rather he
continued in tho state of uncertainty he
is at i»resent ; I should i)refer that he
continued in the state of confidence
which characterized his inteicour.se with
the Ministers who were then in power,
f think it would be most unfortunate if
his conlidence in those who then guided
the destinies of Canada should be shaken
by a knowledge that anything of this
sort had occurred. * * * (P« go 181.)
In England at the present moment the
necessity of the all-rail^onimunication
through Canada from that im|)oitant
naval station, Halifax, on the Atlantic,
to the still more important station, Es-
((uimalt, on the Pacitic, is now consider-
ed imperative, and, thougli we may not
look to the heavily ta.xe
would not have that condition attached i
to it and faithfully carried out would ^
only l>e a union on pa|>ertaud not a union
matter of deftnoe.
u
■■ , !
128
Canadian,
[SKNATE.]
Pacific Railway.
An Imperial
matter.
Guaranteed
loan.
Faith violated,
n. C. will
break up
Confederation
in fact. We lind that on that comlition
British Columbia entered the Confedera-
■ tion, and England, considering the unifc-
, ing and welding together all these British
I Provinces from ocea n to ocean an Im-
j)erial matter, did all that could possibly
be expected of her to aid in eflecting and
concluding the negotiation. She became
a party to it. On the faith of this ar-
rangement, England advanced to this
country £2,500,000 sterling to aid \i3 in
the fulfillmeut of our obligations and in
the construction of this railway. * * *
(Page 223.) But he knows as well as I
do that this country feels, and the Lower
Provinces especially feel tkat we are
bound by every tie of fidelity and honour
to construct this railway in the way to
which we are pledged, and this pledge we
will redeem. If the faith of the country
is broken with British Columbia, it will
I ic ti be by Nova Scotia, for we feel that
it l. bi'oken with one of the Prov-
ince.- lay lead to the disintegration of
(he Camederation, and there will be very
little hope then for the future of this
(country. The (jrovernment felt that
they were bound by all the obligations
that can bind public men to carry out
this work, but they feared it was of Sucii
magnitude that the re.sources of the
country wero not equal to it, and they
were glad and the country rejoiced wlieri
they found a company in whom this
(jountry and the money markets every-
where liave confidence, who are able,
willing and })repare(l to relieve the Gov-
ernment and country of tlieir obligation.
Friflatj, February 11 III, 18SI.
Hon. m. DICKEY said : * * ^'
(Page 297.) We have been called upon
by the lion, the leader of the Opposition
to deal with this measure in a liberal and
independent spirit. Now, distasteful as
was the avowal of that hon. gentleman to
the people locally interested, I am quite
.sure that the majority who voted against
Hon. Mr. KAULnAcii.
I him on the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Bill
must have been exceedingly gratified
to find by his assurance that the action
of the Senate on that occasion turned out
to be quite right. Nor was I surprised
at that avowal when I recollected that
only four or five short months after the
vote had been given in this House on
that Bill tbo Government of the day —
the Government of which the hon. gen-
tleman was a member himself — adopted
the very reasons given by the majority
in this House for opposing that Bill as
an excuse for not carrying out its pro-
visions. This is- the spirit in which the
Senate generally discusses public ques-
tions, and in the same spirit I propose to
deal with this question. ■» * ^
I*
Hon. Mr. DeBOUCHERVILLE
* * (Page 316.)-*They knew that if
they were the guardians of the purse of the
countiy they were also the guardians of its
honour, and that honour was pledgetl
in a solemn treaty with British
Columbia to the construction of this road.
They, therefore, felt themselves obliged
to adopt the policy of last year. Since
then capitalists have come forward,, and
have offered to build this road on better
terms than those contained in the Act of
1874. * * *
Tlie SPEAKER (Hon. Mr. Macpher-
son) * * -^ (Pago 357.) They
also placed under contract a section of 120
miles in Briti.sh Columbia. In their
opinion tlie country was committed and
jiledged to proceed with the railway in
that province — a work to which the
very troth of the country was plighted at
the time British Columbia entered the
Dominion ; and when Mr. Mackenzie
succeeded to power he entered into
negotiations with British Columbia which
resulted in the adoption of what is
known as the Carnarvon Terms ; and his
Government, I may say, affixed anew the
seal of Canada to the treaty with British
Columbia. * * *
* Parliament the Guardian of the Honor, as well a* the Public Purse of Canada.
w.
10 Bill
atiiied
action
led out
rprised
d that
ler the
use on
day —
n. gen
adopted
najority
BUI as
its pro-
lich the
ic ques-
•opose to
*
w that if
rse of tht!
ana of it3
1 pledged
British
this road.
3 obliged
,v. Sinco
ard,.and
n better
e Act of
EXTRA.OT8.
Extracts from Hon. Mr. Morris' speech delivered 30th March, 1871 ; and Mr:
Mackenzie's and Mr. Blake's Speeches delivered 3lst March, 1871, on the
British Columbia Debate in House of Commons, on Terms of Union, from
Scrap-Book of " Parliamentary Debates, Canadian Dominion, 4th Session, \st
ParUament, 1871, Library of Parliament (Toronto ^ Globe' Report), pp.
69, 71."
X- Hon. Mb. Morris, after alluding to
the benefits of Confederation, expressed
himself surprised at the course pur-
sued by the hon. members for Sbor-
brooke and Lambton, both of whom
were friends of Confederation. He
argued in opposition to the views of
the hon. member for Sherbrooko, that
a railway was preferable to a coach
road, as originally proposed by British
Columbia. He then proceeded to state
that if the amendment of the hon. mem-
ber for Lambton were carried, it would
have the effect of locking up lands in
the fertile belt of the North- West. He
charged the Opposition with having
dealt with this question deliberately,
and with a motive as merely a question
of bargain, and said that having pur-
chased the North- We.st we must build
the Pacific Hallway. He denied that
the expenditure of a hundred (inillions f)
dollars would be incurred, for the House
was master of the situation, and wns not
asked to vote moiey now. (Ironical
cheers from the Opposition.) That
could be done at a future time if neces-
sary. ( Ii'onical applause. ) He con-
cluded by saying thut the House should
approve of the policy of the Govern-
ment and complete tho Intoroceanio
Kailway. (Applause from tho Govern-
ment benches.)
Mr. Mackenzie. * * * ( Page i3,„„„e,,.
72.") He characterized the statement tion of
of tho Minister of Inland Eevenue, Jf^" by
in holding out hopes toP"'"*™^*-
British Columbia, and then stating that\ot^ia6,
Parliament was master of the situation, '°9'
as one of the most immoral speeches he "
(M". Mackenzie) ever heard delivered in
Parliament. (Hear, hear.)
Mr. Blake. * * * (Page 72.)
The man who would vote for the propo- i«i?H*"* ^^
sition with the secret intention not to sinh^mM
the last dollar if necessary to fulfil Me|^'|^^',-^
obligation thus contracted, was a dishonesty ^3'>-
man.
* Morris holding that Parliament could repudiate terms of Union. See page 109, Tilley.
Extract from a "Letter from Sir A. T. Qalt, Montreal, 6th September, 1875, to
the Hon, James Ferrier." — ^'Globe," September Sth, 1875.
i|c :|c H( H< ^
Much of thii proposed outlay has, I
fear, reached a point where it cannot
be arrested, and, in fairness, thi: re-
mark must apnly to the condilion of
things which tne present Govornmont
found on assuming office. But there is
one undertaking of stupendous magni-
tude which may be yet considered as
within control. I allude to tho Pacific
Bailway. On this subject, much as I
was opposed to the scheme adopted by
the late Government, I oonfess I view
with still greater appreheusioD the
present policy, and I rejoice at the
partial check it received in the rejeotion
9
by tho Senate of the Bsquimalt and
Nanaimo Bailway.
I onlirely adopt tho views enunciated
by Mr. Blake respocting the Pacific
E.iilway and our relations to British
Columbia prior to his joining tho Gov-
ornmeut ; and if i could reasonably
hope that these opinions would hence-
forward be those of his colleagues, I
should, on this subject, bo their sup-
porter and follower. I consider the
proposition perfectly monstrous that
for the sake of the sparse population
on the Pacific coast the prosperity of
four millions of people east of Lake
Superior should be an'ested, and their
mmimmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
130
Extracts.
political indopendenco jeopardized. No
one who observes the state of the
country can doubt that it is of the last
impoitanco Canada should, in its public
burdens, afford a marked contrast to
the Uuitoi States. Cheapness is the
8ct-otf we have to oifer the emigrant
against the milder climate of the south.
High taxation, wliich must bo hy
customs duties, ajjproximates our con-
dition to that of the United States,
it |!|;'''J I must exasparato our fellow subjects in
Great Biitain, and thus by double
action weaken the ties that bind us to
the Mother Countrj^, and also our in-
ducements to maintain our own system
of Giovernnient as opposed to that of
the United Stales.
■ I believe nine-tenths of the people of
Canada are convinced that the con-
struction of the Pacific Kuilway is at
this time, and will for many years (be ?)
wholly unnecessary; they know the
cost will be prodigious, ami no one fit
to govern the country can bo ignorant
of the fatal consequences of undertak-
ing such an outlay. The frank and
^Ms'bn.'lndhonest course is to Loll British Columbia
repudiation of tij at the engagement was impiovident,
^nwnwi. and its fulfillment impossible; to offer
reasonable equivalents for its abandon-
ment, and, failing agreement, to inti-
mate our acquiescence in her retire-
ment frrm the (Confederation. She
cannot complain that the connection
has thus far been injurious to her ; she
would still remain in the Empire, and
subject to the Queen. I do not consider
between members of the same Empire
public faith can bo construed to entail
the most disproportionate sacrifices by
the greater for the less, even if not
involving Ijoth in the common ruin.
Public faith, in my opinion, is in a
much more sacred way pledged to the
public ci'odilor^ and it is certain
that an enormous increase of debt, at-
tended by exhaustive taxation, would
most seriously attect his position.
It is, however, certain that even
were the Pacific Eailway disposed of,
the other engagements made and
pledges given respecting the canal
system and other works will task all
the roiaources of the country for years
to come. And we are brought to fece
these liabilities with depressed trade
and industry, and consequently a fail-
ing revenue. The problem is not an
easy one, and as increased taxation
appears inevitable, the readjustment
thereof becomes the leading question
of the day." * * *
What Capitalist would have faith in Canada paying off her public debt and loans if Gait's doctrine prevailed?
See Girouard, page 119, paying debts.
lA
. « rli.'';-'
w *: : I If '■
ff
Extract from the Toronto Globe, December 21st, 1876, on " New Terms
for British Columbia"
We publish this morning a Minute of
Council forwarded, under cover of a
dispatch from 1 lie Secretary of State, by
the Dominion Govcinment to the Gi>v-
ornment of British Columbia, propos-
ing new terms in place of those iiiter-
fortd with last April by the vote of the
Senate which ttefeMed tho Va' conver's
Island Euilway Bill. It wlli be jecol-
lected that;, when Mr. Mackenzie as-
sumed office, he found great dissatisfac-
tion existing in British Columbia in
consequence of the failure ut' the Cana-
dian Pacific Railway policy of the lato
Administration. After consiclei*abl6
negotiations the Canadian Government
agreed, on the suggestion of the Colonial
Secretary, to new Terms, of which the
moat important wero— the conBtruction
of a local railway from Nannimo to
Victoria, in Vancouver's Island ; the
expenditure of not less than $2,000,0u0
per annum upon railway construction
in the Province, after location, until the
Pacific liuilroad should be completed
through the British Columbia section ;
and the completion of the railroad from
Lake Superior to the Pacific by the year
]89t). Those Terras were, it was ad-
mitted on all hands, extremely lii)eral.
The obligation to impose a time limit
on so gigantic an enterprise as even in
its diminished length the Canadian
Pacific must prove, involved Canada in
very serious responsibilities, which only
an ardent d'sire to keep faith with
British Columbia could have justified.
The Senate having vetoed this import-
tiro-
She
jtion
she
, and
sider
npire
intail
OS by
f not
ruin,
in a
to the
ertain
ibt, at.
•would
1.
t even
Bed of,
le and
Cwinal
ask all
I' years
, to fece
d trade
r a fail-
not an
taxation
lustraent
aestion
*
iiled?
Terms
aimo to
lid; the
I,000,0u0
Itruction
intil the
Imploted
iBOction ;
lad from
Itheyeav
Iwas ad-
liberal,
je limit
J even in
lanadian
Vnada in
jich only
Ith with
Instified.
1 import-
SxtractB.
121
ant item in the concessions made to
British Columbia a re-consideration of
the whole question became necessary.
The despatch now published embodies
the result at which the Canadian Gov-
ernment arrived. The Minute of Coun-
cil recapitulates the circumstances,
ainsing out of the original agreement
or Terms of Union in 1871 ; the mis-
sion of Mr. Edgar in 18*74 ; and the new
Terms finally adopted by both parties
as a final settlement of all difficulties.
The Minute then calls attention to the
fact that " every step in the negotia-
tions was necessarily predicated upon
and subject to the conditions of the Be-
Rolution the Houec of Commons passed
in 18T1, contemporaneously with the
adoption of the Terms of Union with
British Columbia, subsequently enact-
ed in the Canadian Pacific Bailway Act
of 1812; and subsequently re-enacted
(after a large addition had been made
to the rate of taxation) in the Canadian
Pacific Eailway Act of 1874 ; that the
public aid to be given to secure the
accomplishment of the undertaking
* should consist of such liberal grants
of land and such subsidy in money or
other aid, not increasing the then existing
rate of taxation, as the Parliament of
Canada shall thereafter determine.' "
The Minute points out that the course
of the Government of Canada must be
subject to this condition *' thrice re-
corded in the Journals A the House of
Commons." It refers to the several
features of the now Terms, and urges
that the Yaiicouver's Island Bailway is
a work essentially local in its charao-
tef, and one, therefore, that should,
under ordinary circumstances, be under-
taken by the Local Government.^ It is
thei. proposed that the British Golutn-
6/rtn.' should relieve the Oovemment of
CanaJa of the obligation to build the
Canadian Pacific Bailway, accepting in
lieu thefof, and '• as compensation for
any delays that may take place in the
construction of the Pacific Bailway," a
cash bonus of $750,000 to be applied
either towai'ds the local railway or
other public works, Canada alsj^urren-
dering any tiuim to lands which may .i^ind^ur-
have been reserved in Vancouver Island render,
for rpMway piirposes. If this proposal
be accepted the Government will be
prepared to submit to Parliament at its
forthcoming Session the measures ne-
cessary to give it effect. We observe
that, concurrently with the publication
in Victoria of these despatches, the an-
nouncement is made of an early meet-
ing of the Local Legiislatare, so that the
representatives of the Province will
have an opportunity of expressing their
opinion ou the matter before the Do-
minion Parliament is called upon to
legislate in the premises.
* This is the GMt's opinion of what the $750,000 was intended for.
t How surrender, if she had them not. But she had them, and has them still.
Extract from a * Leader ' in the Toronto ''Globe " of December 28, 18 16,
on •* British Columbia and the Canadian Pacific Railway T
On the receipt, in the first instance,
of the Minute of Council embody iog
the new proposals made to British
Columbia by the Government of
Canada, wo were under the impression
that the otfer of a sum of 8750,000 was
intended to cover not only the relin-
quishment of the fancouver Island
Bailway but also the abrogation of the
time limits agreed upon between the
two Governments for the completion of
the railway from Luke Superior to the
Pacific Ocean by the end of the year
1890. It did not in the least follow, as
some of the Conservative organs have
asserted, that the Pacific Bailway
scheme had been relinquished, but
t*iraply that, freed from any express
contract us to time, the Canadian
Government would then have been able
to proceed with the work exclusively
as a national enterprise, unencumbered
with any local obligations or consider-
ations of purely sectional interests.
Such an arrangement would, we
believe, in the end, have done no
wrong to British Columbia, while it
would have put the responsibility of
the Dominion on a fair and rational
basis. It seems, however, that the
proffered bonus applies to *e relin-
quishment of the Vancou^ar Island
Bailway only; and that the agreement,
therefore, stands with respect to tho
'It
1 .11 J
J J
13^
Extracts.
M i',
I V
main lino exactly as it stood before
tho Minute of Council was written. A
review of the circumstances under
which the Minute of Council was
passed is noccHsaiy to a clear undor-
elaiidiiig of its contents and purport.
* * . **Tiie Order in Council pro-
I poses to pay the sum of $750,000 to
(the Pioviiico of Biitish Columbia for
ithe purpose of cotistructing this line
jof i-ailway by the people themselves,
iis well as 10 surrender tho claim to
liinds contained in the twenty-mile
bolt required to be given to tho Ddmin-
ion Government by tho Bill of last
Session ; or, in case the Province should
prefer undertaking some other works,
the money to be available for that
purpose. This, in view of agreement,
practically places it in tho power of
the Local Legislature to say for what
public purpose the 8750,000 shall be
applied; and when this is indicated,
the neces^-ary steps will be taken to
procure Parliamentary authority at the
coming Session, after which the Do-
minion Government would be entirely
released from all obligation for railway
construction on Vancouver Island.
* * *
w
^ Ctole changed its opinion as to object in offering Bk C. $750,000 in 1875. See O. C September ao, 1875,
page 22Q in Railway papers for the truth.
Extract from a ''Leader'^ in the Toronto "Globe" of Sth January, 18 16,
on '•^British Columbia and the Vancouver Railway."
"The files of British Columbia papers
that have reached us show a very wide
divergence of sentiment in that Pro-
vince on the snbjoct of tho recent pro-
posals of the Dominion Government.
The organ of the Local Ministry de-
nounces the proposition a tantamount
to the abandonment of tho wliolo Pacific
Eailway scheme, and a gross breach of
failh on the part of tho Canadian Cabi-
net. The Opposition organ in Victoria,
while rogaruiiig the proposal as inade-
quate, repels tho rather violent attacks
of its local contemporary. Some of the
mainhmd papers, on the other hand,
advise the acceptance of tho Terms ns
\ on the whole favoraljlo and just to the
' Province. There has boon evidontl}'
misconception in British Columbia, as
there has boon here, as to the purport
of tlio ull'or coinjirised in thd Ottawa
Minute of Council. Tho tondor of
8750,000 is !»s (rorniionsation tor tho
omi-sion from the now arrangomont.
JigrotHl to unlor tho auspices of Lord
CaiMiurvon, of that portion which
.obii^n'od Canaila to build tho roaJ from
) Esquimalt to Nanaimo, some sixty-five
miles in longthr That road was no
])!U't of tho ori;,'inal Paci.ic Railway
scheme. Tho Governmi nt of Canada
was perfectly at liberty to fix tho ter-
minus at the head of Bute Inlet, at
fiurrard Inlet, or at any more northerly
point within the boundaries of the Pro-
vince, if the public interest made such
a step desirable. * * * The new
offer is to substitute a money payment
of $750,000 in lieu of the railroad; the
money to bo applied either to subsidize
tho lino or to provide other public
works or improvements. There is no
mistake as to this being the sole inten-
tion of tho recent Miuuto of Council.
Speaking at Sanaa, after that Minute
had been drawn
up.
Mr. Mackenzie
said:— 'It (tho Esqui malt- Nanaimo
Railway Bill ) was defeated at all
events, and that impose^n the Gov-
ernment now the duty of considering
what can bo done in connection with
this particular part of Lord Carnarvon's
recommendation in order to satisfy the
people (.f that Province, and I hope
wo shall bo al>lo to nv that purp iso ;
we have had yearly deficits, and have
been obliged to borrow to pay our
interest. But apart from this, the aver-
age annual loans to bj raised for the
next fow years for public works will
bo not much greater in amount than
our yearly interest paymontsr^l-* *
See Blake, page Q7. See also page 148, &.C. i>
Extract from Hon. Mr. Mills' Speech in Parliament, Jan. 6, 1881, from Official
Report of ^'House of Commons Debates."
rSeepagea
1 131 to ass-
Treaty,
breaking.
Hon. Mb. Mills. * * * ^Page
276.) The hon. member for Victoria has
(frequently reminded us, that the Union
is a compact — that the obligation to
build a railway is a treaty obligation.
But what does the hon, member say as
to the quality of the lands, and as to
the representation of the delegates ? I
may also observe that all treaties which
are perpetual in form, are not so in
I fact. Let me ask the hon. member,
and those who agree with him, to note
how treaties are disregarded when thoy
stand in the way of a nation's interest,
embarrass its finances, or give rise to
unforeseen dangers ? How did Franco
observe the Treaty of Vienna ? How
has Eusdia observed the Treaty of
Paris, in reference to her naval force in
the Black Sea? How has England
observed her treaty with the Ameer of
Afghanistan, when she wanted a more
scientific frontier to the wcpI of India?
She asked for a European resident to
represent her at Cabul. She was bound
by treaty not to ask it — she neverthe-
less did ask it. She expected a refusal.
The Ameer was about to yield to her
demand, and the negotiations were
broken off to prevent compliance,
becau8e the real aim was a change of
frontier ; so that treaties do not pos8e> Railway
shall come to be conHtructod, tlio lund in question whull bo at the diHposition of the
UoTornmont of tiie Dominion, for the purpose laid down in the 11th section of the
Terms of Union with British Columbia."
10. Prom July Ist, 1873, to the present time, nearly eight years, that Reserve, con-
taining a Belt of Land, 20 miles wide by KJO long, equal to 3,200 square miles or
2,048,000 acres,— noarl} double the size of Prince Edward Island, — has been locked up
to the serious and material injury of the Province, — no one being allowed to bay or lease
coal lands, of which there are 450 square miles in the bolt, open up coal n;ine«, pur-
chaso or lease timber lands, erect a sawmill, or buy or pre-empt land within the Belt
for farming, pastoral, or gold, silver or copper mining purposes. The Province has
honorably preserved the Reserve for the Dominion, — kept faith, — whilst the Dominion
has been faithless.
11. In July, 1873, orders were sent to Mr. Marcus Smith, the Engineer in charge
in British Columbia, to commence location survey at Esquimalt and break ground.
Two days were spent in wJiat turned out to be a disreputable farce.
12. On the 25th July. 1873, the Provincial Government protested against the
breach of faith on the pnit of the Dominion Government, in not commencing con-
straction of the Railway in earnest ; but no answer was received except an acknowledg-
ment
13. It may be remarked, as a still further confirmation of the pledge of Govern-
ment to build the Island Section of the Railway, that the Allan Company was bound
to construct it by virtue of their charter.
14. On the 24th November, 1873, a further protest was sent to Dominion Govern-
ment, against its bre.ach of faith in not commencing the construction of the Railway.
15. In 1874, Mr. Mackenzie sent Mr. Edgar to British Columbia to secure a
lelaxation of the Radway section of the Terms of Union, and offered to build the
Island Section of the Railway at once, if the Provincial Governr t would consent to
other terms respecting const-'uction on the continental sectioi he Province ; but
negotiations were broken off.
16. In June, 1874, the Provincial Government petitioned Her Majesty the Queen
for relief — " that ju^slice may bo done to British Columbia."
17. Loi-d Carnarvon, the Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies, on
November 17th, 1874, acting upon the Petition to the Queen, and after considerable
correspondence with Canada, recommended " That tho railway from Esquimalt to
Nanaimo be commenced as soon as possible, and completed with all practicable des-
patch," and concl'rled his despatch to Lord DulFerin in these words :
" I sincerely trust that the more detailed terms which I have now laid down as
those on which this policy should be carried out, will be found substantially in accot'
dance with the reasonable requirements of the Province, and with that spirit of generous
and honorable adherence to past engagements which ought in a special degree to govern the
dealings of a strong and populous community with a feebler neighbor, and which I well
know to be characteristic of all parties and statesmen alike within the Domiaion
of Canada."
13. On the ISth December, 1874, the Dominion Government passed an Order in
Council accepting the recommendation of Lord Carnarvon, and assuving him " that
every effort would be made to secui-e the realization of what is expected."
19. British Columbia accepted the "Caimarvon Terms" with the full belief that
Railway construction would be commenced at once on Vancouver Island.
30. On tho 25th March, 1875, an Order in Council was passed asking the Govern-
ment of British Columbia to convey to the Dominion, by Statute, all the Crown Lands
between Esquimalt and Nanaimo, in aid of the construction of the Pacific Railway,
and in accordance with tho 11th section of the Terms of Union. This Oi"der in Council
recognizes the binding force of the "Carnarvon Terms" iu the following words : "On
a memorandum, dated 25th March, 1875, from the Hon. the Minister of Public Works
reporting for the consideration of Council, that prior to the commencement of any
2.
)b alien-
object
Railway
) of the
n of the
rve, oon-
niles or
)uked up
r or lease
nes, pur-
the Bolt
'ince has
)ominion
[n charge
ground .
ninst the
Bing con-
cnowledg-
f (Jovern-
va9 bound
»n Govem-
Railway.
) Booure a
1 build the
consent to
riuce; but
he Queen
onies, on
nsiderable
uitnalt to
cable dea-
i down as
in accoT'
■)f generous
govern the
ich I well
Domiaion
I Order in
lim "that
)elief that
le Govern-
jwn Lands
Railway,
• in Council
^ord8: "On
jlio Works
snt of any
Explanation or Map.
18T
works of construction on the proposed Kuilway from Bsquimalt to Nanaimo, which
THi Dominion Government have ajreci to buUd under the arrangements made through
Lord Carnarvon at the instance of British Columbia, it is ossontlal thai the Province
should convoy, bj legislation, to the Dominion," the lands referred to above.
21. British Columbia, in accordance with the request in the above Order in
Council, convoyed by Statute, to the Dominion in 1875, all the Crown Lands between
Esquimau and Nanaimo, and those lands still remain wiih the re-it of the Railway
Reserve cloned against settlement.
22. Subsoquontly, in 1875, the line was surveyed between Esquimalt and
Nanaimo, and mnppoil ; and 6,000 and odd totm of i-uils wore landed at Esquimalt and
Nanaimo. Nothing sinco then has boon done by the Dominion towards building the
Island section of the Canadian Pacific Railway. But, on tho contrary, the rails nave
all been carried away to Yalo— part undor the administration of Mr. Mackenzie in
1878, and the balance during tho last year under tho Government of the Right Hon.
Sir John A. Macdonald.
23. It needs no comment on tho above facts to convince an honorable and justice-
loving people, such as Canad'ans aro, that tho Dominion Government is bound by
honor, duty and obligation to construct tho Bsquimalt-Nanaimo section of the Canadian
Pacific Railway at once.
A. DeCOSMOS.
EXPLANATION.
This Map* is ih \nded to show that Port Moody is not the proper place for the Weatem
Terminus of the Canadian Pacific Railway.
The following are somo of tho reasons why it is not tho proper place for the
Terminus: —
1. Sailing vesMols bound inward from tho Pacific Ocean never require a steam
tug in order to reach anchorage off Esquimalt; neither do thoy require a tug when
bound outward from Esquimalt to the Ocean.
2. Sailing vessels going to Nanaimo from Bsquimalt are always towed there and
buck, seventy miles each way, the towago costing 8400 to S500.
3. All sailing vessels going from Royal Iloads' anchorage, off Esquimalt, to
Moody's Mills or Hasting's Mills, Coal Harbor, liurrard's Inlet, are towod there and
back, distance being about 75 miles each way, or round trip 15u miles, the cost of
towage being from $400 to 6500.
4 All sailing vessels that may hereafter be bound inwards to discbarge or take
in cargo at Port Moody cannot avoid being tow
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19.11
CANADIAN PACIFIC EAILWAY.
(23)
Office of the Engineer-in-Chief,
Ottawa, December 7th, 1880.
Sir, — At the request of the Hon. the Minister of Railways and Canals,
I have the honor to submit a carefully prepared estimate of the probable
cost of constructing the sections of the Canadian Pacific Railway lying
between Prince Arthur's Landing and Selkirk ; the Pembina Branch,
extending from Selkirk to Emerson ; and from Kamloops to Port Moody,
British Columbia, including station-houses and water tanks.
This estimate is made on the basis upon which the works are now
being carried out.
I have the honour to be. Sir,
Your obedient servant,
(Signed) COLLIN GWOOD SCHRIEBER,
Engi/neer-in-Chief.
F. Braun, Esq.,
Secretary, Dejmrtmcnt of Railways and Canals,
i S
i(
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If
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Memorandum of Estimated Cost of constructing the following sections of the
Canadian Pacific Railway.
Prince Arthur's Landing to Fort
William
Fort William to English River
English River to Eagle River
Eagle River to Keewatin
Keewatin to Selkirk
Rails and laying
23,000
12,000
$
Purchase
Rails
Grading, etc
35,000
850,000
1,885,000
Rails
Grading, etc
2,735,000
680,000
2,( .0,000
Rails
G rading, etc
2,580,000
300,000
3,200,000
Rails
3,500,000
970,000
3,530,000
Gradinir. etc
'^
4,500,000
230,000
Station houses, 2 engine houses
' and water service '
Prince Arthur's Landing to Sel-l
kirk
13,580,000
Pembina Itranch
Rails
700,000
700,000
G8,000
Ci rading, etc
Station house and water service . . .
1,468,000
Prince Arthur's Landing to Sel-
kirk and Pembina Branch
15,048,000
Kamloops to Lniory 's
Rails
Grading, etc
770,000
7,100,000
80,000
Station house and water service . . .
Rails
7,950,ono
Emory's to Port Moody
540,000
2,470,000
itO.OOO
Grading, etc
Statio.i houses and water service...
3,100,000
Miscellaneous payments
302,000
1,600,000
Engineering on construction
Total
1,902,000
28,000,000
Canadian Pacific Railway. — Statement of Expenditure to 30th November, 1880.
Total Expenditure to 30th June, 1879
E.spcnditure during fiscal year ended 30th June, 1880.
Total Expenditnre to 30th June, 1880
Expenditure for 5 months ended 30th Novemiier, 1880
V CIS.
12,444,237 10
4,044,627 60
Total Expenditure to 30th November, 1880
$
cts.
16,488,864 70
2,111,537 66
18,600,402 36
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,402 36
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d*oo«Dooita rate of the
Dominion for Expenditure ; the rate actually paid per head for Expenditure by
British Columbia; the Annual Excess contributed by British Columbia over
proportionate rate for Expenditure of the Dominion, and the Aggroijate Excess
contributed by British Columbia, in Nine Years, over her proportionate contri-
bution to Dominion Expenditure.
Financial
Tear.
Total
Expenditure
out of
Consolidated
Rerenne Fund
in eaeh year.
1
Approxi-
mate
aTerage rate
per hebd of
Dominion,
estimated
(population
4,400,000).
Approxi-
mate
aTerage rate
per head
for which
British
Columbia
(population
60,000)
is liable.
Approxi-
mate
rate per
bead
aotuallj
paid by
British
Columbia.
Approxi-
mate excess,
per head,
orer
arerage
rate of
Dominion
per head,
paid kr
British
Columbia.
AgRreRate
approximate
Excess
contributed bj
BriUsh
Columbia ia
each Fiscal Tear
(population
60,000)
to CoBsol. Rev.
Fnnd.
1871-72..
$. eta.
17,689,468 82
19,174,647 92
23,816,316 76
23,718,071 04
24,488,-372 11
23,519,301 77
23,603,168 26
24,466,381 66
24,860,634 46
% Cts.
4 00
4 36}
6 30
6 34}
6 66}
6 34}
6 34
6 66|
6641
$ CtB.
400
436|
630
6 34}
6 66}
6 34}
634
6 6/5|
6i4|
$ ett.
7 10}
6 19
6 93
8 51
19 04
8 60
900}
10 93}
966}
$ eti.
3 10}
1 83}
1 63
3 16}
4 47}
3 18}
366}
6 37|
4 01|
1 ctiu
166,260 Ott
91,626 00
18172-73.4.*.........
Xw l^^l V* • Me«etea<
.1874-76.>
1876-78..,
81,500 00
168,260 00
223,750 00
169,260 00
183,260 00
268,876 00
200,876 00
1876-77 ..»
1877-78...........
1878-79
1879-80. ....
Total! ia mne
Tears... b
204,610,362 67
• 0»««M«* •••••••••
1,522,626 90
NoTi.-- 1. Total Excess, orer proportionate liability, contributed by Britiah Columbia
to Consolidated Fund for Expenditure from lit July, 1871, to Ist July,
1889 „ ., 91,632,826 00
2. Average Annual Ezioesa paid by British Columbia, from Ist July, 1871, to
8. Arerage Aanual BzceeSi rii. : $169,180.66| ii equal to the interest, at
4 per cents peranniinii on* -•*••••§• •••••••••«••#••••••••••«•«••••••••••• MHt* .•■•»••• 4|*29)Ol3 7S
i:
'*
;|
10
146
Statement No. 5.
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1
STAnUENTS N08. 6 AND 7.
147
No. 6. — CoNSOLiDATSD Bevenuc AND EXPENDITURE OP DOMINION. — Total Consoli-
dated Rovcnue, 1879-80, $23,307,l06.f)9. Totnl Population, 4,400,080; Average
Revenue, per capita, $5.30. Total Expcndituic, 1879-80, $24,>"50,0'34.46 ; Tot»l
Population, 4,400,000 ; Average Expenditure, per capita, $5,65.
Prorince.
Batimated
Population.
Ontario
Qnebeo
■oTftSootia ^
New Brunswick
Prince Edward Island
•Manitoba.
Britiih Columbia
3,000,000
1,600,000
400,000
800,000
100,000
60,000
60,000
4,400,000
Approxi-
mate Arerage
ReTeuue
per Capita.
$ ets.
6 30
6 SO
5 30
6 30
5 30
6 30
6 30
Propor-
tionate share
•f
OoBBolidated
Revenue
required of
each Prorince
as per
Population.
$
10,800,000
7,950,(»00
3,120,000
1,690,000
639,000
266,000
366,000
Approximate
Average
Expenditure
per
Capita.
33,320,000
$ ets.
6 66
6 65
6 66
6 «6
6 66
6 66
6 <6
Propor-
tionate sharo
of
Expenditure
required
of each Pro-
vince, as based
on
Population.
9
11,300,000
8,4T6,000
3,360,000
1,696,000
666,000
282,600
281,6*0
34,819,000
* Customs return (1880) of Manitoba estimates population at 30,000.
No. 7. — Statement of Beceipts and Expenditure of Consolidated Fund of Canada,
from 1871-72 to 1879-80, inclusive, showing Annual Surplus and Deficit.
Fiscal fear.
1871-73
AOfA^I v*«»a»eeee ••■•••••• •••••••»••• •••eeeee*
18r»-74. »
1874-76.
U76-76.
AVll^lieeeaeeeee MeeetM*. eeae #•••••••• Maaea
1877-71
1878-79.
Totals in Nine TeaitMM..
Beeeipis.
$ ets.
30,714,813 68
30,813,469 46
34,306,092 64
34,848,716 04
33,687,687 06
33,069,374 11
33,876,011 88
33,617,382 14
33,807,406 69
Expenditure.
$
uts.
ijnrplus.
30^338,763 68
17,689,46S 82 |
19,174,647 92
33,316,316 76
23,713,071 04
34,488,372 11
33,619,301 77
23,603,168 26
24,466,381 66
34,860,634 45
$ ets.
3,125,344 86
1,638,621 53
888,776 79
936,641 09
Deficit.
cta«
304,610,363 67
6,688,686 18
1,900,786 0«
1,460,027 66
1,128,146 37
1,937,999 42
1,643,227 76
7,970,186 37
ir
1,1
^
i
li
^u \
U8
Statement No, 8.
! ni
' ii '
iim
No. 8. — Statfmf.nt showing ToImI Amount of Dominion Notes in circiiiation at tiie
end of ciu'li fiscal year, 1S;()-71 to 1879-80, inclusive; the Increase of Issue in
oacliycjir, tlio Dooroaso of issue in oucIj year, tlio Total Annual Issue, and also,
tiie Total Inci'oaso, Docroaso, and Issue from July 1, 1871, to July I, 1880; also
Total Not Ihsuo from July 1, 1871, to July 1, 1880.
fiscal
year.
Total
Dominion Votes in
circ'ilHtion
at end of each
fiscal year.
Increase,
Dominion Note
Issue,
end of each
fiscal year.
Decrease,
Dominion Note
Issue, end of each
fiscal year,
compared with
preceding year.
Annual
Issue, Oominioo
Notes, in ,
each fiscal year.
Net
Total Increaaeof
Dominion
Note Issue in
Nine year*,
Jaly 1, 1871, to
July 1, 1880.
1870-71
9 eta.
7,367,340 74
10,610,541 21
11,234,131 69
12,176,678 62
10,778,873 00
11,688,891 48
10,680,492 §8
10,460,734 81
10,789,710 04
13,666,169 46
9 ots.
$ ets.
9 ctft.
9 eti.
1871-73
3,143,200 47
773,690 48
892,446 93
••••••»•• *•••••••• •••!•••••
761.018 48
328,976 23
3,776,449 41
••••aeaoa •••eea Maa«« •**ia<
684,664 S3
773,600 48
891,446 93
187a-73
1878-71
1874-75
1,396,706 62
taaaaa aaaaaaa** <*••• ••••••
863,398 60
319,768 07
a««at* tiaaaaa- aasa •••••••••
1875-76
1876-77
766,018 48
1877-78
1878-79
1879-80
328,975 23
2,7'>'6,449 42
■••••• ■■••••• ••••«•••••
6,197,818 71
Totals
iae*«»**« ••••••••• ••«••••••
$8,667,681 01
93,469,863 39
96,309,134 77
9c-, ^57,. '8 n
NoTi.— DifTerance betweea Total Annual iMue and Total Net laoreaae, 9ll|3I6.06.
4'
1 nt the
[MHUe in
id also,
10 ; also
Net
[ncreMoof
minion
Issue in
e yean,
I, 1871, to
1, 1880.
••••••••••••••
197,818 n ■
/y/^
Petition op British Columbia.
Petition oj Legislative Assembly nf British Columbia to the Queen, respecting
Canadian Pacific Railway^ March 26, 1881.
To th' Queen'i, Most Excellent Majeity.
Most GiiAcous SoVRREiON :
Wo, Your Mnjo^ily's most dutiful and loyal Hubjocts, tlio iVtoinboi-H of tlio liO^is-
itttivo Absombly of tho Province of British Columbia, in ibo Fourth Soswion of tlio
Third Pnrliumont ii-< c^'ublod, humbly upproiich Y'>ur M tjosty for tlio purposio of
reprosontiii^ —
1. Th.il the Piovincjo was mtiinly induood to O'tor into tho Dominion Uonfodora-
tion in 1871, by tho oll'or and a^roomont on tho part of tlio dominion, as appears by
tho Treaty of union of thiL year, to construci and orajjloto a liailway on or before
July. 1881, hrough British Territory, conuocling British Oolu nbia with tho Eastern
Provinces.
2. That, on tho 3lst day of July, 1874, tho Governmotjt of this Province Fir«t
presi^ntod a humblo Petition to Your Majesty rosp-cting the non fulfilment by thoj^*'*''"'
bom inion of its liailway obligations towards British Columbia, as aro contained inQue«n.
the Treaty of Union between tho .Dominion and British Columbia, assented to by
Your Ma^sty in thoyoar 1871.
.3. That negotiations thereupon ensued, which resulted in Your Majesty's
Principal Secretary of State for tiso Colonics (tho Earl of Carnarvon) signifying his ^"'
decision on the question in dispute, which decision, it is important to observe, was »«"^
assented to by the Dominion Government.
4. That tho following, amongst other conditions, iorm i)art of this decision : —
(.) "That $2,00O,0(.O a year, pud not 81,.')0(>,000, shall be tho minimum $».<*o,ooo
•' expenditure on railway works within tho Province from tho dale at which the Und""
" surveys aro sufficiently completed to enable that amount to be oxpondo 1 on «'««'
" construction. In naming this amount I understand that, it being alike tho interest completed
" and tho wish of tho Dominion Government to urge on with all speed tho completion
" of tho works now to bo undertaken, the aimual expenditure will bo as much in
" excess ot tho minimum of $2,000,01)0 as in any year may bo found practicable.
(c.) " Lastly, that on or before tho 31st December, 18!)0?*"the Railway shall bo Time
" completed and open for traffic from tho Paoifio seaboard to a point on ilie western ["""
" end of Lake Superior, at which it will fall into connection with tho existing linos compie-
" of railway through a portion of. tho United States, and also with tho navigation on c°v°r.
" Canadian waters. To ])roceed at present with tho remaindoi'|"of the railway «° ^aWe
" extending, by the country northward of Lake Superior, to the existing Canadian Dtt'ai'*
" linos, ought not, in my opinion, to be required, and the timo for undertaking that '''*
" work must be determined ^y tho development of settlement and tho changing ^,A«r
" circumstances of the country. The day is, however, I hojio, not very distant when co«ce»-
" a continuous lino of Railway through Canadian territory will bo pra'ticablo, and I c^^
" therefore look upon this portion of tho scheme as po>tp;jiicd rather than abandoned."
5. That owing to tho total disiegiud by the J>ominion of tho-io and other cm- jjeeond
dilions containod in tho Settlement so ctf'ecte i, tho Legislative Asbombly, early in the Petition
Session of 187B, unanimously pa-ised an humble Address to Your Majesty, praying '"Q"**"
that Your Maj sty would bo graciously pleased to cause the Dominion Government
to carry out the agreement above referred to. d*u!y,
6. That, in reply to tho said Address, Your Majesty's said Secretary of State ^^p-
was pleased to alvise the Province to sub nit to railw.iy construction being deferred p^L^^
until the spring of 1878, in order to enable the Dominion Governinont, during tho S^
year 1877, to solvo some doubtful points connected with the railway route; arul that to com-
the delay mentioned was c )n(edod in deforonco to His Loi-dship's wishes, without
prejudice, howevor, to the rights of the Province.
7. That the Dominion Government having, up to the month of August, 1878,
failed to commonce Railway construction in tho Province, the Legislative A^somoly,
on the BOtii of August of the same year, further humbly addresstS Your Majesty ou y^^*^'
til
roence
after
year's
aelay.
^>
W rl, d-
the BttbieOt. : Extension of time did not deprive B. C. of right to compenation.
ii* ' ^'^ayT?a,T""" "^ ^'^^ *" '""*'™«'°" on -SrS.°Sr Sopenor to be'ccnpfeted by
Syndicate
/SV
Petition of British Columbia.
Woric
contiiMn-
ced.ApriL
1880. Do
\M>^
'A'
8. That, for the purpose of avoiding needless repetition, and of aflfording Your
Majesty thelullest informatloa on this subject. Your Petitioners crave leave to refer
Y'our Majesty to the contents ot the abovo-montioned Addresses presented to Your
Majesty, and to the several documents therein referred to.
9. That, in the Spring of 1880, the work of construction was commenced by the
ominion in the interior of the Province, but not from its seaboard, or between
Esquimult and Nanaimo.
' ^j,_ 10. That it is believed that arrangements have lately been made between the
Raiiway/Oominion and a Syndicate, or Company of capitalists, for the construction of the
^riM**^^'^^**'* P*^'^^^ ^^'^^*^y ^y l^^^i which arrangements include about 500 miles of
soo i«ine»Bailway North of Lake Superior, but exclude the section of 70 miles of .Railway
< SuDBrktr botwecn Esquimalt and Nanaimo.
' &g> 11. That, under the Treat; 'f Union, it was expressly stipulated and agreed
Seaboard"''^** Railway construction should bo commenced from the seaboard of the Province;
exprcM and under the Sattlemoat effected in 1874, it was, as has been shown above, also
foThfils" T^xp^'fissly stipulated and agreed that the section of the Bail way between Esquimalt and
andi874. Nanalmo should be constructed and completed with all praciicable dispatch, and that
wtiluo'^onstruction of the line North of Lake Superior should be deferred until after the
c™ • completion of -the railway communication between'the seaboai-d of the Province and
Section. Lake Superior.
No pro- 12. That, although the Dominion Government has never questioned the right or
fir'Moody^laim of the Province to have the Railway commenced from ita seaboard, and has
Section, moreover acknowledged that the Province is er^titled to have the section of tbe line
andN. between Esquimalt and Nauaimo constructei, yet no provision has been roado by
them for the fulfilment of these portions of their Railway obligations.
^h,j 13. That, by the Treaty of Union, British Columbia was allowed to retain its
Canadianown Tariff uutii the Canadian Pacific Railway should be completed, but believing in
Sopt«i*the good faith of the Dominion, and bain^ desirous of promoting Confederation in its
for. true sense, the Province surrendered its Tariff in 1872, and adopted the Tariff of the
Dominion.
14. That, since the Province adopted this course, the Tariff of the Dominion has
ofSnadabeen largely increased, to the serious injury of British Columbia, upon whom increased
tariff burdens have been thereby placed without any of the compensating ndvantages
a'ytiu?" which are, in consequence ot such inoroase, enjoyed by the Eastern Proviiftjes of the
Dominion.
Spires ^^' '^^** *^® '''^® originally agreed upon in the Treaty of Union, for construct-
juiy, iBSiing the Canadian Pacific Railway, will expire in July of this year without the terms
S»i"way thereof, as to railway construction, having been oven approximately fulfilled, no
equipped portion of the Canadian Pacific Railway having up to the present time, been constructed
'" P"*" and equipped in the Province.
16. That, under the circumstances herein and in the said Addresses set forth,
ifoar Petitioners humbly pray —
(a.) That Your Majesty will be graciously pleased to cause the Dominion
Government to be moved to carry out their Railway obligations to the
Province, by providing foi' the immediate coramenceraenl and active
prosecution of railway work on the section of tbe Canadian Pacific Rail-
way lying between Esquimali and Nanaimo, aud by constructing the portion
of line between Port Moody and Yale -^
q6.) That the Province be permitted to regulate and collect its own Tariff of
Customs and Excise until through communication by Railway bo established
through British Territory with the Eastern Provinces:
That in any event compensation bo awarded by the Dominion to the
Pi*ovinoe for the losses inflicted upon the latter by reason of thre they
e repaid
an.
py raised
\ct last
Inner as
["ay and
No. 79.
An Ordinance to amend the Duties of Customs.
A.D. 1867.
\%UK March, 1867.1 , —
•■ » • J Amknded by
WHEREAS it is expedient to alter the Duties of Customs as Preambi*.
now by Law established in British Columbia, and to make
further provision for the levying thereof :
Be it enacted by the Governor of British Columbia, with the
advice and conseni of the Legislative Council thereof, as fol-
lows : —
1. The British Columbia Proclamation passed on the 2nd June, Repeals former
1S59, "The Customs Amendment Act, 1«60," "The Customs^"''-
Amendment Ordinance, 1864," " The Customs Amendment Ordi-
nance, 186S," are hereby repealed. Provided, nevertheless, that
such repeal shall not be deemed to extend to any liabilities or
{)enalties imposed ind accruing, due under any of the said Proc-
amations. Acts, or Ordinances ; but, notwithstanding such repeal,
all remedies and punishments for recovering and enforcing such
liabilities and penalties shall still remain in full force and efiiect,
and be capable of being enforced and inflicted as if such Procla-
mations, Acts, and Ordinances were still in force, but not further
or otherwise.
2. In lieu cf the Duties hitherto chargeable as aforesaid, from Declare* dutieg
and after the passing of this Ordinance, there shall be I > 1^ i« viable,
assessed, collectod, and paid to the use of Her Majesty, Ht:r L.'
and successors :
(a.) Upon all goods, wares, merchandize, animals, and things specifloDutiea,
imported into and landed in British Columbia, and more 8oi»«duie a.
particularly mentioned in Schedule A. hereto, the several
specific Duties in such Schedule set opposite the respective
articles therein named :
i I
■
B
1
w
m
1
Z/^'
A.D. 1867. [No. 79.]
Customs.
[30 VicT.J
Ad valorem
Duties, Sched-
ule B.
Free Hit,
Schedule C.
Schedules part
of Ordinance.
Short Title.
(6.) And upon all goods, wares, merchandize, animals, and
things imported into and landed in British Uoluiii'iia, the
several ad valorem Duties of Oiistoms more particularly
mentioned in Schedule B. hereto, and set opposite the re-
spective articles therein named :
(c.) The articles mentioned in Schedule C hereto shall be
admitted into British Columbia free of duty.
* « . • » • •
10. The Schedules hereto shall be read as part of this Ordinance.
1 1', This Ordinance may be cited fur all purposes as the " Cus-
toms Ordinance, 18U7."
SCHEDULE A,
■I ;
Hi
Specific Duties.
Ale and Porter, in wood .,..4 1 6c. per krII.
Do., in bottle 30e. per doz. (qta.)
Bnoon and Hams 4c. per lb.
Barley, Oats, Miilt, and Field Pe«8 30c. per 100 lbs.
Beans ad Split I'eas Ic. per lb.
BittTB $l.CO per gall.
Butter lOc. per lb.
Bran and Shorts 25c. per 100 lbs.
Buck Wheat Ic. per lb.
Candles .'ic. per lb.
Cheese Gc. per lb.
Cider 15c. per gall.
Cigars $2 per 100 (2c. each.)
Coal $1.25 per ton.
Cuffue, raw 3c. per lb.
Do., manufactured 6c. per lb.
Cornmeal jc. per lb.
£guB ' \2\c. per doz.
Flour $1 .50 per barrel,
Fresh Fruits, viz. : — Apples, Pears, Plums, Cherries,
Currants, Raspberries, Slrawberrias, and Gooseberries. Ic. per lb.
Gunpowder, sporting 6c. per lb.
Do., blasting 3c. per lb.
flay $4 per ton.
Hops lOc. per lb.
Lard 5c. per lb.
Lime 60c. per bbl.
Lumber : —
Rough, fir and cedar $3 per 1000 feet
Dressed, do $5 per 1000 feet.
Shingles $1 per 1000.
Fence Pickets $2 per 1000.
Laths $1 per 1000.
2
/s-f
[30 Vict.] Cmtome. [No. 79.]
Live Stock : —
HorseH and Mules $2 per bead.
Beef Cuttle $3 per head.
Mileh CowH $2 per head.
Slieep and UoatH 75c. per head.
Hogs $2 per head.
Oatmeal lo, per lb.
Potatot'8 ^c. per lb. *
Rice 1 Jc. per lb.
Sugar, raw '.Jc. per lb.
Do., retined 2 Jc. per U).
Spirits : — [to proof.
Bramly %'l per gall , according
Gin, Wliinkey, Iluni $2 " " »
All other kinds $2 •' " •'
Shot 2c. per lb.
Tea 1 2ic. per lb.
Tobacco 25c. per lb .
Vegetables, viz. : —
Onions 2c. per lb.
Other kind8, fresh Ic. per lb.
Wheat ;t.')C. per 100 lbs.
Wines, via : —
Champiigne and Moselle $3 per doz. (qts.)
China Medicated $1 60 per gall.
California, red and White 25c. per gall.
Claret 20c. per gall ,
Pott, Sherry, and a'l other descriptions 75c. per gall.
A D. 1867.
*^v
i
each.)
SCHEDULE B.
Ad valorem Duties,
» <
hi.
bot.
Let.
1*EI< CENT
Axes 15
Beef, salt 10
Billiard and Bagatelle Tables. . . 12^
Bhinket-' 20
Boots aud Shoct) 20
Bread.....' 20
Cards, playing 50
Chocolate 20
Clothing, ready made 15
Cuntertiouery 30
Drugr , lueilicines 20
Dry Goods 12^
Earthenware 12J
Fish, preserved dried, and salt. . 15
Fireitrms 12j|
Fruits, preserved and dried 12^
Furniture 15
Glass aud Olasdware 12^
PER OBNT.
Groceries 1 2 j
Hardware and Ironmongery .... 12}
Harness and Saddlery 20
Hemp Canvas 2^
Leather 16
.Jewell-ry 20
Machinery 10
Matches 12}
Meat, preserved 12}
Do. fresh 20
Molasses 12}
Nails 12}
Nuts and Almonds 12}
Oils 16
Opium 26
Paints 10
Pork, salt 10
Plants, trees, and shrubs 12}
.V4
11
V
8
/sC>
A.D.;867. [No. 91.]
JixciM.
PIB CINT.
Ponltry, dead and alive 25
Quicksilver 10
Rope, Cordage, and Twine 6
Soap 16
Stationery 12}
Tinware 26
Vegetables, preserved and salt.. 10
Waggons, Carriuges 20
Trunks 12}
Watches and Qlocks 12}
[30 Vict.]
PIB OIMT.
Window hashes and Doors 20
Ship building material, viz. : —
Manufactured Sails 20
Cotton Canvas 6
Woodenware 12}
Teast Powders 12}
All other articles not enumer-
ated in either of the above.
lists, nor in the following list
of free goods 12}
h :i '■
1 .j;
Preamble.
SCHEDULE C.
The following Articles shall be admitted Free of Duty : —
Agricultural Implements, Books Printed and Manuscript, Bricks, all Fresh
Fruits not enumerated in Sihedule of Specific Duties, Coin, Ounny Sacks, Iron
and Steel, all kinds of Wood not enumerated in Schedule of Specific Duties,
Calves under twelve months old. Personal Effects, Salt, Garden 4eeds, Grain for
Seed, Tar and Pitch, Tin, Copper, and Zinc, Lead in pipe, sheetii, and bars. Wire
(Iron and Braxs), Copper Shets, Boiler Plates and Boltf, and (ntnt Metal for
Ships, Iron Hoops, Sheet Iron, Rough and partiHlIy mHnufaetu.ed Woods used
in construction of Carriages and Waggons, and Steel Springs, Wagg< n Axles,
Anchors, Cables, Chain", ami Copper Bolts for Ship Building, F esh Fish, Fish Oil,
Whalebone, Raw Hemp for Rope Making, Tallow, Gas Retorts, Fire-clay, Furs,
Hides, Lemon and Lime Juice, Guano, Wool, Uakum and Jute, Ships' Blocks and
Junk, Blacksmiths' Coal.
No. 91.
Repeals former
Act J.
An Ordinance to Regulate Excise in all parts of the
Colony.
[2nd April, 1867.]
WHEREAS it is expedient to assimilate the Law of Excise
in all parts of the Colony :
Be it enacted by the Governor of British Columbia, with the
advice and consent of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows: —
1. The British Columbia " Distillers* Excise Act, 1861," and
"The Distillers' Ordinance, 1865," are hereby repealed, but such
repeal shall not affect any rights acquired or penalties or liabilities
incurred under such Act or Ordinance, but the same shall be re-
spectively held enforceable and recoverable as if such repeal had
not taken place.
Liceuie Fee. 5. The party in whose favour a license to act as Distiller is
granted shall, on requiring such license, pay to the Magistrate
issuing the same the sum of tweuty-five dollars, as a duty to Her
Majesty upon such license.
50 Vict.]
pro OIMT,
20
ao
6
m
12i
lumer-
above r
ng list
12i
)uty : —
8, all Fresh
Sacks, IroD
cifio Duties,
Is, Grain for
d bars. Wire
Dt Metal tor
Woods used
agg< n Axles,
i8h, Fish Oil,
re-clay. Furs,
g* Blocks and
bs of the
\l, 1867.]
of Excise
L with the
IfoUows: —
1861," and
but such
liabilities
mil be re-
repeal bad
)istiller is
lagistrate
ity to Her
[33 Vict.]
Customs Amendment.
[N... 134.] AD- 1870-
/y
12 All such Spirits as aforesaid lawfully distilled, manufac- ^Si.'on'ipirTtB.
turel, or made within the Colony shall be respectively subject to
the duty to Her Majesty hereinalter mentioned, that is to say : —
On every gallon. Imperial measure, of Spirits of any kind, not
exceeding the strength of proof by Syke's Hydrometer, apd so in
proportion for any greater stiength t'lan the strength of proof,
and for any greater f>r less quantity than a gallon, one dollar, and
such duty shall be computed and charged upon the quantity oi
Spirits, to be ascertained after the first process of rectification, and
shall be paid by the party distilling, manufacturing, or making
such Spirits, to the Magistrates, in the manner hereinafter
mentioned.
• •«•*«
42. This Ordinance may be cited for all purposes as " The Ex- Short Title,
cise Ordinance, 1867."
No. 184.
Repealed by
No. 153 when
assented to by
Her Majesty.
An Ordinance to create a farther Duty of Customs for the
Pubhc Service.
[20f^ April, 1870.]
WFTEREAS it is expedient to raise a further sum of money
for the Public Service of the Colony, by altering the duty """
now imposed on spirits :
Be it enacted by the Governor of British Columbia, with the
advice and consent of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows : —
1. On and after the 20th day of April, A.D., 1870, in lieu of imposes a duty
the Duties of Customs now leviable upon spirits and strong waters gairqn on""
imported into British Columbia, there shall be assessed, levied. Spirits,
collected, and paid upon all spirits and strong waters so imported
on or after the said 20th day of April, A.D. 1870, and sweetened
or otherwise, for every Imperial gallon of full strength of proof,
or less, by Syke's hydrometer, and in proportion for any greater
or less quantity than a gallon, the sum of two dollars and fifty
cents. For the purposes of this Ordinance, all spirits and strong
waters as aforesaid in Bond on and after the said 20th day of
April, A. I). 1870, shall be liable to the payment of the said duty.
• »»«»«
4. This Ordinance may be cited for all purposes as " The Cus- short Title,
toms Amendment Ordinance, 1870."
i:
■til
m
Vim
illu
Kil
III
m
m
&8i
Bl;
/jr
EXTFtAOTS
FROU THE
'VANCOUVER ISLAND PILOT."
Compiled from the Surveifs made by Captain George Henry Richards, R.N., in H.M.'t
Ships "Plumper" and " Hecate," between the years 1858 and 1864, and published
by order of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty — (pp. 6S-10'and 108-1 H).
//^
DODD NARROWS may be said to commenco above Bound Island, although
the narrowest part is a mile distant from it. To small vessels or steamers of
sufficient power that obey their helm quickly, this narrow pass offers no dangers.
The strength of the tide at its greatest rush ia nl)ove 8 knots, the least depth of water
7 fathoms, and the narrowest imrt of the channel is 80 yards wide; but tnis is for a
Hhort distance, and the pass being nearly (straight, a vessel is carried through in a
few moments.
Anchorage. — if bound through Dodd Narrows, and having to wait for tide,
there is a fair anchorage with but little tide, westward of Round Island in 6 fathoms,
midway between it and the shore.
Percy anchoi*age is a good stopping place for the tide, immediately on the north
side of the Narrows, between Gabriola and Mudge Islands; the latter separates the
False ft-om Dodd Narrows.
Directions. — In'proceeding fi om Dodd Narrows from abreast Portier Pass, the
mid-channel course is W.N.W. for about 3 miles, or until Ragged Island and Reef
Point of Thetis Island are in one bearing S.W. by S.
The most direct courao is northward of Danger Reef, between it and Tree Island ;
the latter is a small, round, wooded islet lying oft* the south end of De Courcy Islands.
This passage is two-thirds of a mile wide, with a depth of 26 to 30 fathoms.
Danger Reef consists of two rocky patches a cable's length apart, the eastern one
generally awash, and should not bo approached within a cable where there are !>
fathoms ; if the reef should not be seen it is recommended to pass Tree Island at the
distance of a quarter of a mile; there is deep water between it and De Courcy
Inlands.
The paseuge between White Rock and Danger Reef is likewise a very good one ;
it is three-quarters of a mile wide, with a depth of 20 to 30 fathoms. White Rock is
15 feet high, and may be passed if necessary on either side at the distance of a cable.
The southern side of Danger ]?ecf should be given a berth of at least 2 cables. When
the passage between Tree Island and the south point of De Courcy Islands is oj)en,
the former bearing K.N. B., a vessel will bo northward of Danger Reef . When a
mid-channel course for Dodd Narrows isN.W. by W. and the distance 6 miles, Round
Island at their entrance will shortly be seen ahead.
In passing up, keep on the starboard or eastern side of Round Island at a con-
venient distance; the only directions necessary after this are to keep in mid-
channel, and to attend the steerage quickly and oarefhliy. Immediately through the
Mi
''I
t.'i
J
/U
Narrows the tide ceuHes, and a vessel will bo in Northumberland Channel, a fine wido
pnfsage leadin/^ to, and only 5 miles from, the anchorago at Nanaimo.
In taking the Narrows from the northward, bo careful not to mistake the Fal^o
Narrows, which are on the port or northern side of Northumberland Channel, andaro
much widoi- than the real pass, but neaily dry at low water. ThoDodd Narrows aro
not so easy to pass from the north as from tho south, as in the former case tho slight
bend that has to bo made must bo made immcdiiitely on entering tho narrow part.
The tides should be studied in passing either way. It is not recommendod to
attempt it with the full rush of the stream; an hour before or after low water there
is no difficulty to a stoam vessel.
Tides. — It iK high water in the Narrows on full and change days at 3h. 30ni.
p.m., and low water at 9h. 30m. a.m., and on those days the flood stream commencon
at low water and runs about 7 hours. Tho first of tho flood is the best time to pass
the Narrows. Vessels leaving Nanaimo and intending to pass down, should bo at
the Narrows an hour before high or low water, as the tides are nearly an hour
earlier at the Narrows.
P
I
\A \
PYLADES CHANNEL.— The De Courcy Islands are a group extending
A\ miles in an E.S.K. direction from Mudge Island, which separates the False from
Dodd Narrows, and on their northern side, between them and Valdos Island, is
Pylades Chaimel, which leads by the Gabriola Pass into tho Strait of GoDrgiu, as well
as to the entrance of the False Narrows. Tho average breadth of tho channel is a
mile, with a depth of 35 fathoms, and at its head, near the entrance to tho False
Narrows, is good anchorage in 9 fathoms, convenient for vessels intending to take
Gabriola Pass and waiting for tide.
False Narrows aro full of kelp and shoal at low water, atfordine only a boat
passage into Northumberland Channel. The passages between the DoCourcy Islands
are deep and navigable ; that between the north and middle island is half a mile wido,
and free from danger; tho narrow pass between the middle and south island is scarcely
a cable wide, but has a doptli of 5 fathoms.
GABRIOLA PASS, between the south end of Gabriola Island and the nortli
end of Valdes Island, is not recommended, unless for coasting vessels knowing the local-
ity, or steamers, if necessary, for it is a narrow and intricate channel, something of tlie
same character as Dodd Narrows, except that it is a much longer reach. Its direction
is E.N.E. for over a mile, its narrowest part is not over 250 j'ards in breadth, and the
shoalest water is 6 futhoras; half a mite E.N E. from this narrow tho course changes
to S.E. by E. leaving a narrow ridge of low wooded islands on tho starboard hand, oil'
which a chain of covering rocks marked by kelp extend for nearly 2 cables; two-
thirds of a mile on this course leads into the Strait of Georgia, when the Gabriola
Ileefs must ha avoided. These latter are an extensive group of rocks, uncovering at
low water, at 1^ miles eastward of the Flat Top Islands; w:ch broken ground exists
in their neighbourhood, and it is desirable to give them a good berth.
BURRARD INLET is the first groat harbour which indents the shore* of
British Columbia north of the 49th parallel. Its entrance, which is between Grey Point
on the south and Atkinson Point on the north, is 14 miles N.N. VV. from the sand heads
of the Frasor Eiver, 20 miles N. by E. fromPortier Pass, and 21 miles N.B. f E.from
Entrance Island of Nanaimo. Howe Sound iminodiately adjoins it on the north,
Atkinson Point, the northern entrance point of the Inlet, being tho eastern limit of
the ifound.
The entrance of tholnlot is well marked ; Grey Point, a long wooded promontory
terniinating in a rounded blutf, is very conspicuous from the southward, while Boweii
Island, which lies at tho entrance of Howe Sound, and may also be said to form tho
northern boundary of tho Inlet, is very remarkable ; its high round and almost bare
summit, Mount Gardner, roivchlng an elevation of 2,479 feet, is easily recognized from
s
/k
a fine wido
:ethe FaUo
inol, and lire
^airoTVrt arc
tho slight
arrow pari,
nmondod to
wafer there
at 3h. 30m.
1 commences
:ime to pass
should bo at
•ly an hour
p extending
e False froio
?s Inland,
>rgiu, as well
channel is a
to the False
IS
iding to take
only a boat
aurcy Islands
f a mile wide,
nd is scarcely
Ind the north
ing the local-
lOthingof the
Its direction
idth, and tho
iurse changes
ird hand, oil
Icables; two-
he Gabriolft
leovoring at
•round exists
lie bhore« of
Grey Point
|e sand heads
^B. ^B.ftom
the north,
jrn limit of
[promontory
rhile Boweu
I to form tho
ilmoat bare
bgnized from
any point of view. Passage Island, small but prominent, lies in the eastern passage
of Uowe Sound, midway between Howon Island and Atkinson Point, and is an excellent
mark from the southward ; as before observed (p. 106) Anvil Peuk, on with or just
open westward of this island bearing N. by W. \ W.,«lear8 the end of Sturgeon Bank.
Buriard Inlet difters from most ol' tho groat sounds of the coast in being extremely
easy of access to vessels of any size or class, and in the convenient depth of water fjr
aiiohoraij;o which may be found in almost ©very part of it; its close proximity to
Fraser Kivor, w^ith tho great faoilitioj for constructing roads between the two places,
likewise adds considerably to its importance. It is divided into three distinct harbours,
viz. : English Bay or the outer ancnorage, Coal Harbour above the Narrows, and Port
Moody at the head of tho eastern arm of the Inlet.
ENGLISH BAY is more than 3 miles in breadth at the entrance between
Ixrey and Atkinson points, which bear from each other N.N.W. and S.S.E., and carries
the same breadth for nearly' its entire length or almost 4 miles; it is contracted in
some measure, however, by the Spanish Bank, which extends in a northerly direction
from Grey Point for three-quarters of a mile, and then curves easterly, joining the south
shore of the Inlet the distance of 2 miles within the point. This bank is composed
of hard sand, and is dry at low water ; its edge is steep-to, having off it from 20 to 7
fathoms and then on shore; when covered its existence would not be suspected ; there
is no ripple on it unless with strong westerly winds, and then only near low water.
This anchorage is well protected from westei'ly winds by the Spanish Bank, and
as there is a good rise and fall of tido, as much as 16 feet at springs, and a clean,
shelving, sandy beach at the crook mentioned in page 110, it would bo a desirable
]daco to beach a ship for repairs. Tho head of English Bay, on the south shore,
terminates in a shoal arm, named False Greek; on the north shore it leads by the
First Narrows to Coal Harbour. The great volume of water which discharges itself
from the u])per parts of the Inlet through these Narrows has scoured out a deep
channel on the north side of the outer anchorage, and from 15 to 30 fathoms will be
found northward of a line drawn westerly through the centre of the bay.
Directions. — Entering Bun-ard Inlet aom the southward. Grey Point should
not be approached within a mile, as a 3-fathom bank extends westward of it for half
a mile; when the extreme of the bluff bears S.E. \ S., and tho north end of Coal
Peninsula, which is a conspicuous pei'pendicular, cliffy, blufl', forming the point of the
First Narrows, is N.E. by E., steer E.N. E., which will load half a mile clear of
the Spanish Bank. A convenient anchorage will be found half a mile from the south
shore off a small stream or creek, with the extreme of the Coal Peninsula bearing
N. by E. in 7 or 8 fathoms, or higher up if desired; a i-emarkable hi^h Nine-pin
Hock stands immediately off the end of Coal Peninsula, when the rock is just shut in
by the point bearing N. by W. J W. a vessel will be far enough up.
COAL HARBOUR in on the south side of the Inlet, 2 miles within the First
Narrows. Vessels intending to pass above the Narrows must attend to tho tides, and
a stranger will do well to anchor in English Bay before proceeding higher up.
The First Narrows lie between the bluff of Coal Peninsula and the north side of
the Inlet, whei'e the breadth oi the channel is not more than 1^ cables with a depth
of 12 fathoms. A flat composed of shingle and boulder stones, covering with the
early flood, extends off the north shore, so that the peninsula bluff must be kept
pretty close aboard ; when at the entrance of the Narrows, the mid-channel course
is E. by S. \ S. for 1^ miles, when the broad inlet is again reached.
The narrow part of the channel is half a mile in length, when it gradually opens
oat from 2 cables to half a mile, which is the breadth abreast of Brockton Point, 1^
miles within the peninsula bluff on the south shore. Daring the whole way the
south shore should be kept aboard within 2 cables when past the narrowest part
intil abreast Brockton Feint; then steer E. by S. for^half a mile to avoid Burnaby
if*)' <
/<^-i
Slum!, a piiJcli inm'k»nl l)y kolp, wiMi fool on it, which liin 10. \ S. '^ onl»lo« ('((nii
llio point, hnt t'roquontly not viHJblo until k-V\m\ iipoii it. Ilnvinp^' oloaiol thiH Nhoal,
haul in sotilh tor tho anrhoraKo, whoro H falhonit gixxl holtlini^ groiuni will ho ioiin I
a thini of aniilo f oiii thoflioro.
Tlio Htrriiglli of'lho titio in Iho nunowost jiart <»( llio Kirwl NarrovvH in from I In
S knotH. Tlio iinly liiroi'liotiH nooosHary for a htoanuT aro to Uoop Iho Sdiilh nho.o
alKianl and to ho qiiiok and carofnl with tho holm; small orafi may ^o Ihroii^li with
ott«o, Iho tide hoin^ favonrnblo ; to a nailing nhip a Un(»wlodf',o of iho looalily is noci-s
HHvy, AH woll as n ooinmanding Itroor.o, and it should uovor bo tttleinplod with the
full Htrongth of tho Hlionm.
Tides. — ll i« liifj'' walor, full andohangoat Hiin'ard Inlol al I) p.nt., and the
vIho i8 IG foot. Tho obb Ntromn coinmonoos directly il is high walor hy tho shoro,
nnd runs out lor 2 hours nftor it is low, thoro is coiiKoiiuoiitly oidy 4 hours' tlooi
entrcnm .
SECOND NARROWS.— Hotwoon tho First and Socoiid Narrow,-, a dintamc
ol \\ inilos, Iho oourso of tho Inlol is H. A N., varyioif in hroatlth from a half td
1^ milos. In the oontro Iho doplh is :t(» falfioms, shoaling gra*lually tiiwards either
shoiT; hut Coal Harbour, or noar Iho south shoro, olVors iho host anchoragu.
Tho Second Narrows arc similar to tho First; a hank of Iho samo
Lho mIioit,
)ur«' Htxt.l
a ilintaiKc
) a liaH'tii
rilH oitlur
HO.
oMOriptioii,
luitiintaiiM
ordi !*itlt'.
narrowcit
h a (loplli
s irkii'h run
Uoop tlit>
r into (lio
Tho ^V\Mi
of cither
lodnZol'thii
iu longth,
joro it in
vith f^ooil
ly 2 miks,
h reaches
military
lest part of
(5 fathom-*,
broast the
08 at low
the SeconJ
diroctioa
tholnlot.
jth sides by
land down
iming cas-
kither eido
lest. Tho
reams find
btioT).
There is scarceUj siijfieient levd land in this arm to pitch a tent, nor is thera (thy
anchornije exovnt in a mirrow crvrk 2 miles within the entnniir, on (he caslern hIioic,
iiamod Huilwull Hay, whore iVifiii / to '.) fiithoniH iiiny ho foiitid iiour Iih head. Tho
lirondth ot tho North Arm a(. lho oiilraiieo is iionrly n miU^ ; a mile within it \h con-
Iraetod to a littlo over 2 cahio-4, w'loti it. nhortly opotiH out a;^:iit), an I maititiiiiH nil
H\ora;{c l>roa>lth of two thirdi of a milu to Crouor hhuid ncKr tho head.
Wator. — I)iiriii!{ lho winter months fr««sli walor is to bo ohluinod in all parlH of
Hiirrard Inlol, and probaitly (ho whole year naind llioro would ho no hcaicily ; in
Juno there is abundance at tho (uook in hngli'di iiav, olV which is the ancliuragu.
In I'ort Moody there i-t a lino Hireain cIoho to lho o^Hter bank.
SOUrilKUN SIIOUI': ok TIIK strait ok (iKOlMIA.
GABRIOLA REEFS »i(» a dam^eruin eIii'«toi' of rock-', somk^ of which cover
III hair MmhI, oIIkts liaviii;^ a le.v led w.i'.cr over I hum. 'i hey lie J miles uU'lluMiiiMlcru
jtoinl of (iabriola Island, S miles helow the outran ;o of Nanaim > Harbour, and cover
a spate of half a mile. Krom lli? n nth jioint of Portier l'.ns, the oiler e.\lieim) of
the reef bears N. W. J N. K nnles; an I fr.nn lh<( eislernmo-il (»f the I'liitlop I>lantlH,
a ;j;roup ol low-wo )dod iilcts lyin.u; elo.so dl' lh(» eat end of (iulniola Isianil, iv ^ S.
IJ miles, 'fliore is a pa^siijo in-ide llio ivoIh, but it is not rocominondo I. If lho
reels shoiil 1 bo eovci-el, which lliev ^oMordly are, wiien the northernmost I'^ialtop
Island hoai's S.W. by W., a vessel will bo a niile to tho norlhw rd of tliem. A /^ood
mark is, Nanooso or Notch Hill just open olf Kerry I'oinI, the norlheast point of
(iabri')la Islun I, boarin;; W. ^ S., whl always visible, purhapn tho>-o mu.'-l eonvcniunt for
vessels coming from tho southward are lo keep the north and soiilli west entrance
points of I'ortior I'ass just touching, on a bearinj^ S.S. 10 \ M., which will lead muro
than a milo oaslwaid, and working up, while tiio lir^t bummit «>f (iabriola Island
inside Horry I'oint is open clear of the l''latlop Island.s, tho reef will ju.-t be cleared.
VVoitward of Flattop Islani the shore of (iabriola is 6o/(/ »/n^7 Hm/' He rry I'oint
and Kntmneo Island, whon it should not lo approached within a long half milo;
foul ground extends for .'-omo distanco eastward of tho point of tho island.
ENTRANCE ISLAND lies half n milo N.N.K.of Berry Point, lho north-oast
extromo of (iabriola Island. It is rocky, i.0 foot high, forme 1 of sandstano, bare of
trees, but bus some vegetation on it. Vostiels passing up tho Strait bound for Nanaimo
should round thi.s island; there is a deep passage between it and Borry I'oint, named
Forwood Channel, something more than 2 cables in breadth, whicli steamers or
small crafl may use, but tho south and west sido.^ of Entrance Island mast bo avoided,
as reef's and broken ground extend 2 cables olf them.
Having rounded this island at the distance of half a mile, or more if convenient,
tho entrunio of Nanaimo U'lrbour will bo distant 6 miles. There are 3 channels
loading to the harbour, viz.. Fairway, Midilo and Inner. Fairway Channel is the
most convenient for vessels bound to Nanaimo from the southward or eastward ; but
Middlo Channel is certainly the safest and most desirable for ve.isols from tho north-
ward,
FAIRWAY CHANNEL is the most direct for vessels entering from the
southward or castwai-d. It lies between tho shore of Gabriola and Lighthouse Islands,
which id a smooth-lopped, grassy, sandstone island, 3 cables in extent north and
Kouth, about 60 feet nigh, and bears fron Entrance Island W. bv S. ^ S. 3 miles.
A ledge of rocks 4 cables long, in a north and soath direction, lies U.S.E. nearly half
n mile from tho island ; the least depth of water is 9 feet on its northern edge, and
20 feet on the southern. The ledge is generally covered with streaming kelp, and
* 8«t View on Chart, Strait of Oeorgia, BhMt 1, No. S97.
>,.C '
/^^
1
has a channol of 7 itithoms wutoi* botwoon il and tlio iHlaiid ; itrt north oJgo beuis
from tho Houth point of Lighthouso I.sltind, N-IO. by K., 3 cables, and its .south (-ml
K..S.E., nearly half a mile.
Tho breadth of Fairway Channel, between this lodge and llocUy l*oint of
Gabriola Island, is full (hrcc-quurters of a mile; for a dJMtanco of 2 cables off tho
tho latter point from 4 to 7 fathoms rocky bottom will bo found M'hore
occasionally kcln grows, but nothing exist^ whiih would bring a ship up. A mid-
channel course is i'e'?ommcnded, which from a berth Iia'f a mile olf Eritrunce Island,
is S.W. i W. 3 miles, the water is deep, and the bottom irregular, varying from
15 to 40 fathoms; if to tho southwaixl of mid-channel it will shoal to 15 fathoms, and
shortly to 8 fathoms oft JJocky Point.
Directions. — Having ontorod tho Strait of Georgia, between Kast Point of
Saturnaand I'atos 1 sland, a W.N.W. course for 3S miles will load nearly 3 miles
outside Gabriola Keofs, and abroast Kntranco Island, the latter bearing S.W., distant
Hmilc^. A vessel proccoling through Fairway Channel, if northward of mid-
channel, must keep a look-out for the kelp on Lighihouse Island ledge; when Light-
house Island bears N.W. steer S. | W. which leads for tho entrance of Xanaimo
Harbour, distant a iittlo over 2 mile'. Strangers should bo careful not to mistake
for it North umborlaiid Channel, which latter lies from Lighthouse Island in ;i S.S.K
direction, between the high clifi'y west coast of Gabriola Island and Sharp Point, a
vomarkablo narrow iirojoL'tion on the main, and ott' which, at tho distance of half a
cable, is a rock which uncovers.
Having passed between Lighthouse and Gabriola Islands, there is a good working
space of 1^ miles in breadth, between tJabriola on tho east and Newcastle
and Protection Islands on tho west, but the water is too dcej) for anchora^;o.
The shores of tho latter island should not bo approached within a quarter * f a mile,
as shoal rocky ledgoi extend otV thorn. Having brought (lallows Point, tho southern
oxtromo of Protection Island to boar S.W. ^ W., the town will open out.
A vessel may anchor, if necessary, with tho high water mark of Gallows Point,
bearing W.N. VV., distant a quarter of a mile, which will bo in the fairway of the
entrance, but it is difPcult for a sailing vessel to pick up a berth here with a strong
breeze, as the space for anchorage is confined.
NANAIMO HARBOUR, when the banks arc covered, gives the idea of a
large sheet of water, but the deep part is limited.
The entrance lies between Gallow.-^ Point and the southern bank. A rocky
ledge extends for 1^ cables on every side of the point, and, in summer, is marked by
kelp; a large boulder stands or. the ledge off tho point, distant 150 yai*ds, and
covers before high water. The south sidy of tho channel is the northern edge of
the great shallow bay to tho southward, which, although it does not quite dry in
this part, has only 2 or 3 feet on it at low water, ;;nd is steep-to. The entrance
is here marked on either side by a spar buoy, aboiii a cable apart in a north
and south direction ; within them the harbour opens out, but in its centre is the
middle bank, 2 cables long in a northerly direction, and half a cable broad, with a
spar buoy on either end. Two narrow winding channels, the north and south, lead
into the usual anchorage, which is close off the town, and westwai-d of middle bank;
both are buoyed in tho vicinity of the latter, but no stranger should enter either
channel without a pilot.*
A remarkably white patch on the cliffy shore of Gabriola Island, just open
northward of tho extreme of Sharp Point, the latter bearii.j E. by N. JN., leads
through the chasnel until near Gallows Point, which should be rounded at a little
more than a cable's length, in the north channel, two spar buoys will then be seen ,
a cable's length apart, the southern one on the north end of the middle bank, the
north one on the south edge of the Satellite Eeef ; steer about W . to pasa between
* St* Plan of Naoaiuo HMboar and Ouputure Baj, No. Si 612 ; tcale, m. ss 4 inohei.
/^ 1
50 boaiM
)Uth h\\i\
I'oint of
i off tlio
I whoio
A iniil-
[) blund,
iig from
omH, unci
Point of
r 3 milea
'., distant
ot mill-
in Li^lit-
Nanainio
mistake
in i\ S.S.K
p Point, u
1 of half a
d working
Nowciisllo
inchoni;;o.
^( amilo,
Bouthorn
)\vrt Point,
ly of tho
a strong
idea of a
A rocky
narked bjr
ards, and
n odgo of
it© dry in
e entrance
a north
tre is the
ad, with a
loutb, lead
Idle bank ;
tor either
just open
at a little
an be seen ,
bank, tho
between
thom, then haul close roinid tho southern buoy and steer for tho Mine chimney.
Anchor close oft' the town in 5 fatlioms, midway between tho buoy and Boacon
Hock, which dricH at I'jw water, and has a buoy on it. Tho south channel, though of
suflicicnt depth fur largo vcj^scIh, has a ."-oiiiowhat sharp turn at its wostorn end, but
i-* very con venioiit for voshcIs leaving with a northerly wind, when tlioy would be
obliged to warp out of the north cluinucl.
CoaL — The mino-i of Xaniim)
answers wjll for steaming purpo^os.
than Wclf-h coal, and h^ coiiriuinptioi
tho miiuM have iioi yet boiMi
a fa'r bituminous co:il, which
proiluco
It is lighter by about ton ]tor cent,
proportionately rapi ' uuntry, and there can be littlo doubt but that it exists in
sufficient quantities to supply tho whole Pacific coast for alraoit an indefinite period.
Tlio present price is :i5 shillings, or dollars per ton.
DEPARTTTRE BAY. — A long narrow channel or arm between Newcastle
Island and tho main loads in a N.W. direction from Nanaimo Ilarb ur to Ooparturo
J3ay. It is 1^ m'los in length, and a cable in breadth, with 12 foot at low water, except
on a rock, which las only i foot on- it, lying in tho centre, 2 cables north-westward
of Kocky Point, the south Point of Newcastle Island. Vessels of 15 or 1(» feet
draught may enter Doparturo Bay by this channel at suitable times of tide, but largo
vessels must OMter northward of Nowcr.stlo Island.
From Lighthouse Island, tho entrance of Doi)arture Bay bears S.W. i W.,
t of about tho same dimensions
as tho former, but of trap formation, instord nf s;nil-tuiu'; ihc tivv' huinmudts on
it rosemblo knuckles more than fingers. Tho channel i-> poil'oi ily lico fio:n dan^'or,
and has a depth of 80 fathoms, passing through tho coiitro of it, a S.S.K. court^e
loads for Nanaimo Harbour, between Protection If 1 md and Sharp Point.
S.S W. of Five Finger Island are throe smaller islets of similai character and
formation, with some rocks about thom, which uncover. These islets and rocks
occupy u space of half a mile in a W.N.W. and K.S.E. direction; there is a
passage 3 cables wide between them an I Fivo Finger Island with irregular rocky
liottom, the soundings varying from 9 to 35 fathoms ; it is not recommended, but if
used, Fivo Finger Island slioiud be kept aboard.
11
3 I
I
r
*"M
I]
.,^^^;^3^:;*^ ^—
/u
t
Inner Clinnncl, 4 cables in breadth, lios botwoon tho nbovo icilots and the shoro
of tbo main, and, boing mot-u direct, is cunvoniont for Htoamors or small craft bound
to or ti'oni the northward ; the mid-ciiannol course through it is N. W.
Tides. — It irt high wutor, full and change, at Nunai mo Harbour about 5 p.m.,
and tiio range of tide in somolimos 16 foot which inasmuch as is met with anywhere
on thoooivst and luuiccs this a most ciigille Hpot for lhecon!«tniction of docks for which
it oflTers peculiar fuoilities. This great range of tide only occurs at midnight during
winter and in tho daytime in sumnior. TIio superior and inferior tides exist here as
they d«i at Ksquimalt and among tho llaro Arcnipolago. On the opposite coast at
lUirrnnl Inlet, this irregularity doci not cxi.st.
m
m
►'j):
;r
NORTHUMBERLAND CHANNEL, before mentioned as lyln^ between
Sharp Pointaiul tho woHlern shore of (Jabriola Inland, runs in a S.B. direction for \\
niilcH, and thou ouHt for 2 miles, when it enters the Dodd and False Nari-ows, the
former on tho south wide of Mndgo Inland, the latter on the north ; a roclc which un-
covers extends half a cable ofV tho extreme of Sharp Point. Kh!-,c Narx-ows are shoal
with no ship psvssago, but there is excellent anchorage in Percy Bay at their western
ontranoo, in from 7 to 10 lutliDmH, where vessels may lie to wait tho tide
through ])o(ld Narrows.
i)o(ld Narrows have boon already dosoribed from the southward ; they communi-
I'ato wit!i tho inner channels leading to the Houthern ports, and save a distance of
20 miles in the passage from Nunaimo to Victoria or Ksquimalt ; they are con-
Bcquontly iVoquentod bj' boats, all small vessels, and sometimes by steam vessels of
considerable size acquainted with the loculily. Stranf>;or8 are not recommended to
use them. Coming down Northumberland (.'hannel, looU out for the narrow entrance
on tbo south side, and when it bears S. K. steer for it ; tho tides run at their strongest
8 knots, and there is a very short interval of sla^^k water; tho bromlth in tho
nari"0\vost part is 80 yards. Ihe tides in Dodd Narrows are about an hour earlier
than at Nanaimo, {horeloro a vessel intending to pass down ri. xiM bo at tho
Narrows an hour before high water at that place, if going through witli tho first of
the ebb, or two hours before low water if with the last of it.
i\\
£L-ii
'j
I
/C'
7
iho shoro
aft bound
ut 6 p.m.,
nnywhoro
I for whidi
jht (luring
ist hero ns
const ut
if5 botwoon
lion for \\
rmwB, tho
which un-
9 nro BhonI
air woslorn
t tho tide
-■ commnni-
distanco of
|r nro con-
n vosHoIrt of
imondcd to
)W ontrnnco
ir strongest
idth in tho
lOur earlier
bo nt the
tho first of
EXTnA-OTS
FROM TtiR
<<
VANCOUVER ISLAND PILOT."
CompU*^ldly
for it. The only prciuiution necessary is to keep the white light in full view ; if it
becomes dim or sh.aded, she is gotting too near the shore, and should iinniodiately
liaul out to the eatitward until il is again dintinclly seen. Tint two li<»hl-*, by tlioir
oouring-*, will imniodiat,olv show a vessel how she is being atfj(!t«d by tho tides.
Kntoring Hsijuimalt Harbour, tho Fisgard Island light should l)o left from 1 to
2cal)les on the port hand; wlion it bears N.VV, !)y \V. ^ \V. the light changes from
whito to rod and shows the latter color within the harbour, and when it boars S. by W".
at a (•(Uivcnient dista')'.!e, a vessol may juichor in 7 fathoms or stand into Constance
(.'ove, if pielorrod. Tho Scroggs JJocks on tho eastern side of the entrance of tho
harbour must be avoided; they bear K.S,!*). from Fisgard Island, distant nearly 4
cables, if not desiring to entor the harbour at night, good anchorage may be !iad in
lioyal Roads in D fathom.*, Fisgard Island light bearing N. by W. from half a mile to a
mile.
The entrance of Vicloiiiv Harbour being only 2 miles eastward of Es luimalt,
the same precautions are noco'^sary as regards tho tides. The courho from a mile off
the Race Islands is N. i^ K. During day-titne, Christ (/hin-ch, a conspicuous whito
building with a spiro and standing on an eminence, will be soon shortly after round-
ing these islands, bearing N. by E. ; it s^iould be kept just on the starboard bow. At
night or durii\g bad weather it is strongly recommended not to run for this harbour,
as itcan only bo eiiterod at certain stages of tho tide, and the ancdiorago outside is ai,
Buch times exposed and unsafe, while Royal Bay or Rsquimnlt Harbour is always aoailabie
andsafe. But if it is decided to run for Victoria, it must be lx)rno in mind that whoa
Fiegai*d Ibland light changes from whito to rod, a vessol will bo very near tho Bhoro*.
• See chart of Ilaro and Rosario Straila, Xo. 2,G89, scale m.«»0'6 iach ; aad plan of Haro Strait and
middle cbaunul, No. 2,S4U ; scale m. »1 inch.
K'!
,„***^;.^,;«ki#%*;^sy;
M
f{IJ;Sii|i
BENTINCE ISLAND, lyinp close off tho Houth-onst point of VanoouvtM-
IhIuikI, in littleovcr halt a mile in oxl'orit and irrefjularly shaped, beinjf almost divided in
tho centre hy a narrow neck. Jt is alM)nt 100 feet hif»h, and, like the adjacent land,
covered with pine trees. Its southern and eastern sides are fringed with kelp, out-
hido wiiich tiioro are no dangers l)oyond those described in the llaco Channel. Between
it and tho mainland is a boat cliannel, and cou^^tors acquainted with the locality iind
t'heller at itseastern entrance. There are some settlers' houses in the neighbourhood.
Between Benti'ick Island and JOsquimalt llarhour, a di.stance of 8 miles, tho
coast is indented by seve.'il bays, and anchorage ma}' bo obtained in 8 to 10 fathoms
anywhere within a mile of tho shore, except immediately off Albert Head ; tho only
danger is a reof lying about a cable's length off the head .
PEDDER BAY, the tlrstof these indentations, has its entrance immediately
northwaidoi" Bcntinck Island, 2 miles N.N.W. of the Groat Race, between Capo Caiver
and William Head, whore its breadth is three quarters of a mile; tho inlet runs to
tho W.N.AV. for 2 miles, narrowing rapidly, and when half a mile within is only
tit for (^mall craft, which may find good shelter at its ho.id. Vessels of any size may
anchor in the entrance in 7 fathoms, with Cape Caiver, its southern point, bear-
ing S.E. by S., distant about half a milo, but though the holding ground is good, it is
open to all winds from N.N.E. round E. to S.S.B., and with a b.E. galo would
neither bo a desirable nor safe anchorage.*
PARRY BAY, immediately northward of William Head, affoi-ds good anchor,
age with all westerly winds. Vessels bound to tea and meeting with a strong wind from
this quarter ore recommended to return hero ; tho anchorage is in 9 fathoms, from
half to three-quarters of a mile off' the ^andy beach, with William Uead bearing
S. W. by S. about the same distance. With a south-east wind there is ample i-oom to
weigh, which a vessel should immediately do, and if not able to round the Race
Islands and ])roceed to sea, run for Esquimalt Harbour.
Albert Ilead, the north point of the bay, is moderately high, sloping to the sea,
bare of trees at its extreme, but wooded immediately behind ; a reof lies a cable off it.
William Head somewhat rof^erablcs it, but is lower. Tho water is too deep for
anchorage immediately off these heads.
ROYAL BAY OR ROADS, of which Albert Head is the southern point, and
the entrance to Esquimalt llarbour ; the northern limit is a tine sheet of water 3 miles
in extent, and atfords good anchorage with all winds which would prevent a vessel
from entering that harbour; a vessel may anchor anywhere within three-quarters of a
mile from the western shore. A good berth is a mile south of Duntze Head with the
entrance open, or Thetis Cottage just open of Inskip Rocks (in the harbour), which
is tho loading mark for clearing the Scroggs Rocks running in or out.
Light.— A lighthouse is erected on Fisgard Island, a small rocky islet £5 fee*
high, and almost connected with the shore, forming the western entrance© point of
Esquimalt Harbour; the tower is of brick, white-washed, and is elevated 70 feet above
the moan level of the sea, with a red brick dwelling-house adjoining. The light is
iixed and of tho 4th order ; it shows while when bearing from N. \ VV. \Ki N.W. by W.
'J W. ; red from N.W. by W. \ W. to S. \ E., and gre.cn from N. \ VV. to N. by E. §
E. The white light is intended to guide a vessel in from seaward, and while visible
doai-s alike the western coast between Jtace Island and Esquimalt, and the southern
shore with its off-lying dangers, Scroggs Rocks and Brotchy Ledge, between Dunt:i;o
Head and Trial Island. Tho red light will be found useful by vessels bound to
Victoria or Esquim^'U *'rom the eastward ; after rounding Trial Island it will indicate
a vessol's distance from tho shore, and if bound to Esquimalt, a W. S. W. course will
lead a safe distance outside Brotchy Ledge, until the light changes from red to while,
when it may l)e steered for and not before. A green ray of light is thrown up the
harbour between the Whale Rock and the western shore, and leads westward or inside
the line of that Rock.
si:
«'•
(ir
br
ca
wit
car
is (
•5e# plan of Pedder Bay, No. I 9)6; scale m.=i4 inches.
/6^
3
Vancouvor
»t, s than 4^ fathoms, as thr northwanl as Dyke Point.
A cable's length above this point tho water shoals to 3 {athomH, and from thence to the
head of tho harbour is a flat with only a fow foot on it at low w.itcr,
Thetis Cove in Plumper Bay, on tho oastorn side, immcdiatoly north of Con-
ftanco Cove, is a snug anchorage, with the harbour (Mitrain'O just shut in by Inskip
Rocks, in 4^ fathoms ; but vessels proceeding above thorse rocks must lake care to
avoid tho Whale Rock.
Water may bo obtained during the winter months from tho many streams
that empty themselves into tho ditforcnt ba^-s, caused by the grant qnantily of rain
which usually falls at that season ; but in summer, watering is a tedious pruco'^s, and
boats must be sent either to Rowe Stream, at the head of the harbour, or to the salt
lagoon, just outside tho entrance. Roth offer diflicullies, unless at or n<;ar high
water.
Water, however, might be conveyed at all seasons, and at a trifling oxpem-e, from
tho chain of lakes just over tho western side of the harbour, near Colwood Farm.
• Ste Plan of Esquimau Harbour, No. l,897tf ; scale m."=10 inches.
'ta^^^ii.i:;^4^y^l|^^v^
7^
'^
m
VICTORIA HARBOUR is a little more than 2 miUa eastward of Esqui-
mau, with itB entrance between Ogden and MflcLs,ughiin Points. Macaulay or Sailor
Point, a remarkable projection, nearly midway batween the two harbours, is a bare,
flat point, about 30 feet high, showing as a yellow clay cliff, worn by the action of
the (sea and the weather into a rounded nob at the extreme. The coaat on either side
of this Point for a mile ia fringed with sunken rocks, and is dangerous for boats in
bad weather, many fatal accidents having occui red.
The entrance to this harbour is phoal, narrow and intricate, and with S.W. or
S.E. gales a heavy rolling swell sets on the ooanl., which renders the anchorage outride
unsafb, while vessels of burthen cannot run in fjr shelter unless at or near high water.
Vessels drawing IJ or 15 feet of water may, under ordinary circumstances, enter at
such times of tide, and shipi^ drawing 17 feet have entered, though only at the top cf
spring tides.*
The channel is biioyel, but it is necesst>i,ry to take a pilot, and the space is so
confined and tortuous that a long ship has considerable difficulty in making the
necoMsary turn ; a large percentage of vessels entering the port, small as well as
large, constai:tly run aground from these causes, or from trying to enter at an
improper time of tide, or neglecting to take a pilot. Such accidents, however, are
seldom attended with more than delay and inconvenience, as the shoale^t and most
intricate part of the passage issheltereJ; when within, the port is perfectly land-
locked, and vessels may lie in from 11 to 18 feet at low water, but the harbour
accommodation is limited.
Doubtless Victoria Harbour is susceptible of improvement by artificial means,
though it is improbable that it can ever be made a safe and convenient port of entry
for vessels of oven moderate tonnage, at all times of tide and weather, and it appears
not a little remarkable that with the excellent harbour of Bsquimalt within two
miles, Victoria should have been continued as the c tmmercial port of a rising colony,
whose interests cannot but sutler materially from the risks and delays which shipping
must encounter in approaching the commercial capital.
Victoria was selected by the Hudson's Bay Company as the depot of their
establiahments in consequence of the quantity of clear good land in the immediate
neighbourhood, and the harbour being sufficiently spacious for the few small vessels in
their employ, and as a site in these respects wus admirably chosen, but it has been a
fatal mistake at a later date not to have adopted Esquimalt as the commercial port.
' Ri' '
* Set Plau of Victoria Ilaibour. No. 1,8976; scale ot=10 inches.
; |. <; ',
/;
7/
I of Bsqui-
y or Sailor
is a bare,
e action of
eithoi' aide
ibr boats in
rth S.W. or
■age outride
high water,
es, enter ut
it the top of
space is so
making the
as well as
enter at an
jowever, are
i-t and most
rfectly land-
ihe harbour
ficial means,
)ort of entry
id it appears
within two
ising colony,
lich shipping
Ipot of their
le immediate
,all vessels in
lit has been a
rcial port.
RETURN
To an Address of the House of Commons, dated 16th December, 1880 ; —
For copies of any Correspondence with the Government of British
Columbia, or with any persons in that Province respecting the Island
Railway.
By Command.
Department of the Secretary of State,
January 188^.
JOHN O'CONNOR,
Secretary of State.
DkPARTMBNT ok RAlliWATS A8JD CANALS, CANADA,
Ottawa, 17th .Tunuary, 1881.
Sir, — I beg herewith to enclose return in answer to an Addres-* from ihe IIoiiso
of Commons, dated 16th Deeember, lf380, calling for copies of any correspondetii-o
with the Government of British Columbia, or with any persons in that Province
respecting the Island Railway,
I have the honor to be, Sir, your obedient servant,
F. BRA UN, Secretary.
K J. Lanoevin, Esq., Under-Secretary of State.
Enclose copy of Nos. 5,0ii0i, 6,061 J, 5,242, 5,270, 6,531, 8,418, 10,973, ll,nrt4,
11,700, 15,669, 15,752, 17,424, 18,8i2, 19,404, 21,662, 22,519, 22,91)4, 24,4i2. 25,5i>5,
24,849 received, and copies of Nos. 6,262, 6,328, 8,978. 8,116, 10,326, 11,804, 13,264,
13,792 sent; also Address out of No. 5iA,924.
RKTURNNo. 6.
Return in answer to an Address from the Uouse of Commons, dated 16th Decornbei-,
calling lor copies of any Correspondence with the Govornmtnt of British
Columbia, or with any persons in that Province i-espocling the Island Railw.iy.
— Oi-der No. 24,924.
Copt of a Report of a Committee of the Honorable the Privy Qouncil, approved by Ifis
Excellency the Governor General in Qouncil on the SOth May, lo73.
On a memorandum dated 29th May, 1873, from Sandford Fleming, Es(|., Chi. f
Engineer of the Canadian Pacifio Railway recommending with regard to operations
for the present season that the following be undertaken :
THE WESTERN SECTION.
1. An exploratory survey fi-om Howo Sound to Karaloops or some convenient
point on the North Thompson.
/yiy
\\
2. An exploration between Tete Jaime Cachd and the Qaesnel Lakes.
3. A re-Hurvey Irom Moose Lake to Tete Jaunu Cache, on the opposite bank of
Thompnoi.
4. That with respect to tho railway in British Columbia the Government
having announced a accided preference tor Esquimalt as the terminus, whether
Vancouver Ibland be reached by bridge or ferry; and as the time for selecting
laudH for railway purposcH in British Columbia expires on the 20th July next, it
becomes im])ortant to secure, either by an extension of time or otherwise, all the
vacant Hgricultural or mineral lands along the probable line for the railway on
Vancouver Inland.
That should the Government consider this advit^able, the limits of reservation
may be sufflciontly well described as a strip of land twenty miles in width along
the eastoin coant of Vancouver Island between Seymour's Narrows and the harbor
of Bsquimalt.
THK KASTERN SECTION.
t
5. An exploration between Lake Nipissing and the upper part of the Montreal
River, to give information respecting the councry, in oi-der to ascertain how the
eastern terminus, as defined by Statute, could best bo reached,
H. To continue the surveys between Rod River and Lake Superior, in order to
connect lines already surveyed, amend others, and add to the information already
acquired, with the view of establishing the very best and shortest line for the
railway between Red River and Lake Superior, at the same time utilizing as great a
length as possible of the main line.
The Committee concur in this report, and submit the same for Your Excel-
lency's sanction.
Certified, J. O. COTfi, (7. P.C.
Canadian Pacikic Rail w at.
Office of the Enoineer-in-Chief,
Ottawa, 29th May, ISW.
Menxorandum with regard to operations for the present season, the under-
signed recommends that the following bo undertaken:
THE WESTEaN SECTION.
<
L An exploratory survey from Howe Sound to Kamloops, or some convenient
point on the North Thompson.
2. An exploration between Tdte Jaune Cache and the Quesnel Lakes.
3. A re-survey froiin Moose Lake to Tete Jaune Cach^, on the opposite bank
of the Thompson.
4. With respect to the railway in British Columbia, the Government having
announced a decided preference for Esquimalt as the terminus, whether Vancouver
Island be I'eached by bridge or ferry; and as the time for selecting lands for
railway purposes in British Columbia expires on the 20th July next, it becomes
important to secure, either by an extension of time or otherwise, all the vacant
agricultural and mineral lands along the probable lino for the railway on Vancouver
Island. Should the Government consider this advisable, the limits of the reser-
vation may be suflSciently well described as a strip of land twenty miles in width
along the eastern coast of Vancouver Island, between Seymour's Narrows and the
harbor ol' Esquimalt.
/yJ
bank of
)rnment
whether
lelocting
next, it
, all the
Iway on
nervation
Ith along
le hiurbor
Montreal
I how the
order to
n already
e for the
OH great a
3ur Excel-
V.G.
THE EASTERN 8ECTION.
5. An exploration between Lake Winnipeg and the upper part of the Montreal
River, to give information respecting the country, in order to ascertain how the
eastern tei-miiius, hm dctined by Statute, could bent be reached.
6. To continue the survey between Eed River and Luke Superior, in order to
connect linos already surveyed, amend others, and add to the information already
acquired, with the view of establishing the very best and shortest line for the
railway between Red River and Lake Superior, at the same time utilizing as great a
length as possible of the main line.
SANDFORD FLEMING.
Copt of a Report of a Committee of the Honorable the Privy Council, approved by
His Excellency the Governor General in Council, on the 7th June, 1873.
The Committee of Council having had before them the n.emorandum of the 29th
May last from the Chief Engineer of the Canadian Pacific Railway, and the Minute
of Council thereupon of the 30th May, beg leave to recommend to Your Excel! enc^'Tamtnu*
that P^squimali in Vancouver Island be fixed as the terminus of the Canadian Pacific fix**"-
Railway, and that a lino of railway be located between the harbor of Esquimalt and
Seymour Narrows on the said island.
The Committee turthor recommend that application immediately be made by
despatch to the Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia, for the conveyance to the
Dominion Government in trust, accoi-ding to the 11th paragraph of the terms of the
agi'eement of Union, of a strip of land 20 miles in width along the oastei-n coast of
\ ancouver Island, between Seymour Narrows and the harbor of Esquimau.
An Order of the Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia in Council, appro-
priating this tract of land in furtherance of the construction of the said lailway, will
be necessary in order to operate as a sulfioieht conveyance and reservation of the
Hjiid land to and for the Dominion Government.
Certified,
V7. A. HIMSWORTH, G.P.G,
1873.
|he under-
konvenient
tsite bank
it having
Tancouver
1 lands for
becomes
tie vacant
Vancouver
the reser-
in width
Is and the
Bkitish Columbia,
Government Hot;sE, 22nd September, 1873.
Sir, — With reference to my despatch No. 07 of the 26th July lost, I have the
honor to enclo-ie, for the consider.ition of His Excellency the Governor General, a
Minute of my Executive Cjuncil urging that the boundarios of the land on Vancouver
Island proposed to be claimed by the Dominion Government in trust to aid in the
construction of a railroad unaer the terms of Union of British Columbia with
Canada, may be at once defineil, and that a competent person in this Province may
be appointed to dispose of said lands on such terms as will admit of settlement, and
authorizing the Honorable A. DeCosmos, President of Executive Council and Premier
of my Ministry, to confer with the Government of Canada on this subject.
A duplicate of this despatch and its enclosure will bo handoe, Sir,
Your obedient servant,
JOSEPH TRUTCH.
€opr of a Report of a Committee of the Honorable the Executive Council, approved
Ity His Excellency the Lieutenant-Governor on the 20th day of September, 1873.
On a memorandum, dated 18th September, 1873, from the Hon. the Chief Com-
missioner of Lands and Works, reporting that the Order in Council of the 30th June,
//^
1873, reserving the Crown lands of the east coast of Vancouver Island, is seriously
retarding the settlement of that portion of the Province, and recommending that in
view of the fact that the despatch from H. E. the Lieutenant-Governor to the Secre-
tary of State, transmitting the Minute of this Executive Council, dated 20th July,
upon the subject of this reservation, bus not as yet been replied to ; and as the matter
requires immediate settlement, that the Dominion Government be respectfully urged
to at once define, by survey, the land they propose claiming on the east coast of
Vancouver Island, and that they appoint also a competent person in this Province
to di8po^e of said lands on such terms as will admit of settlement, and that the Hon.
A. DeCosmos, as special delegate about to proceed to Ottawa, be authorized to confer
with the Dominion Government on this subject.
Certified, W. J. AEMSTRONG,
Clerk of the Executive Council.
m
Copy of a Report of the Honorable the Privy Council, approved by His Excellency
the Governor General in Council on the 25th day of March, 1875.
B. C asked
Irnd*""*'* ^" ® memorandum, dated 25th March, 1875, from the Hon. the Minister of Publio
v. I. or W^orks, reporting for the consideration of Council, that prior to the commencement
Riu*w?y''^ any works ot construction on the proposed railway trom Esquimalt to Nanaimo,
would not/hich the Dominion Government have agreed to build under the aiTangement made
nc^'. hrough Loi-d Carnarvon at the instance of British Columbia, it is essential that the
Province of British Columbia should convey, by legislation, to the Dominion Govern-
ment in trust to be appropriated in such manner as the Dominion Government may
deem advisable, a similar extent of public lands along the line of railway before men-
tioned (not to exceed twenty miles on each side of the said line) as may be appro-
priated for the same purpobe by the Dominion from the public lands of the !North-
West Territories and the Province of Manitoba, as pi*ovided in the Order in Council,
section 11, admitting the Province of British Columbia into the Confederation, and
that it is desirable that the British Columbia Government should be at once notified
that it will be necessary during the present Session ot theLegislatureof that Province
to pass an Act so to appropriate and set apart lands to this extent, and for this
purpose, the grant to be subject, otherwise, to all the conditions contained in the said
eleventh section of the terms of union.
The Committee concur in the above report of the Minister of Public Works, and
recommend the Britir position to entertain any proposition for building
the railway in question.
I have the honor to be, Sir, your obedient servant,
F. BRA UN, Secretary.
Hon. A. DeCosmos, M.P., lloufe of Commons, Ottawa.
Copy of a Report of a Committee of the Honorable the Privy Council, approved
His Excellency the Governor General in Council on the nth June, 1876.
by
The Committee of Council have had under consideration the memoranaum
hereunto annexed from the Hon. Mr. Mackenzie, submitting the expediency of
obtaining from the Government of British Columbia a conveyance of the land twenty
miles iM width on each side of the portion of the Canadian Pacific Railway line
surveyed and located in that Province, and they respectfully submit their concurrence
therein, and advise that a copy thereof, and of the Minute be transmitted to the
Government of British Columbia.
Certified, W. A. HIMSWORTH, C. P. C.
To the Hon. the Minister of Public Works, &c., &c. '
Ottawa, 7th June, 1876.
The undersigned has the honor to report that under the terms by which British
Columbia entered the Dominion of Canada, the Government of that Province agreed
to convey to the Dominion Government in trust, to be appropriated in such manner
as the Dominion Government may deem advit^able in furtheranf^e of the con3truction
of what is known as the Canadian Pacific Railway, a similar extent of public lands
along the line of railway throughout its entire length in British Columbia (not to
exceed, however, twenty miles on each side of said line) as may be appropriated for
the same purpose by the Dominion Government from the public lands of the North-
West Territories and the Province of Manitoba.
That the Government of Canada have already, by Order in Council, withdrawn
for sale or settlement all lands in the Province of Manitoba within twent}' miles of
each side of railway line surveyed, and als-o for a distance of twenty miles to the
westward of Fort Pelly, in the North- West Territories, and further extending from a
point twenty miles westerly of Fort Pelly to a point twenty miles westeily of the
mouth of Battle River, and further for twenty miles on each side of the railway from
a point twenty miles westerly of the Battle River to Jasper House, in the Yellow
Head Pass, through the Rocky Mountains.
That the line of railway has been defined and located through part of the
Province of British Columbia, and that it is desirable, with a view of enabling the
Government of Canada to proceed with the construction of the railway, that the lands
along such line of railway and for twenty miles on each side of the line may be
conveyed to the Dominion Government in accordance with the 11th paragraph of the
termn of Union.
The description of the line so located, to which reference is above made, is as
follows : —
Commencing at a point on the eastern boundary of British Columbia, in the
Yellow Head Pass, through the Rocky Mountains, the line follows down the valley of
the River Eraser to Grand Rapids, a distance of about 185 (one hundred and eighty-
five) miles ; thence westerly, turning the north end of the Cariboo Range, and, cutting
-.~,^,**«,.-^«^
l-H
m
i
r-'Jk
off the great head of the Frasor, it crosses the latter wvwv iho mouth of Willow Uiver;
tlieiK'o southwesterly lo a point near the confluence of the Bivers Stewart aiiJ
Chiloch.
The undersigned further rccommendH that communication bo had to this effect
with the Lieutenant-Governor of British Columhia, redjuesting that the lardr* along
the line of railway, as heroin described, and for twenty miles on each side of the said
lino he forthwith conveyed to the Dominion Government; and that it be representea a
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-
ois, from lliic'o
Secretary.
pprovcdby His
78.
)rder in Council
terminus of the
;in Governmeiii
•ouver's Ishind,
i.
lU, a P.O.
May, lS**r
'orks, to inform
iing that of tlu-
13 the termiiub
madian Govern
of that Island
probability U
deemed advis
the Domir.ioii
le Union, along
following tht
to Kamloop
es Albreda sini
River to th(
the North-Wo8
t you to convei
order that the
Secretary.
uary, 1879.
ed by an Act
t the Esquima
mn Governmci
determine to have the same constructed, either as a part of the Canadian Pacitic Kail-
way, or as an independent lino, and they are particularly in lucod to maly
\, 1879.
Minister (»t
^ineor of the
ed 7th Juno,
vt railway in
issod, author-
blumbia that
ossion, should
the railway
the torm.s ot
iler in Council
t Esquimau),
nor is there
provided fur
ictory reasons
1873, that the
t of 7th June.
approved, bo
1 the Govern-
Excellency'rt
a, a P.O.
approved by
187^.
ister of Kail-
ication dated
enclosing a
eservation of
Yellow Head
be informed
y to rescind
Governmeni
nost eligible,
ite, and it is
d which will
y's approval.
C.P.C.
e, 1879.
r of British
ific Railway,
15
/S
upon which Minister of Railways and Canals made ri'|)ort of 10th June, 1879.^^^^
11,772; reference, 19,292.
(Despatch dated 19th May, 1879.)
.1. O. COT^
To F. Braun, Esq.
Numbers asked for enclosed, Nos. 19,292, 19,404.
The Minute of Council above alluded to is the Minute of Council of British
Columbia, which is attached to despatch returned to me.
Ottawa, 17th Juno, 1879.
Sir, — Eeferring to your letter of the 6th January last, subrail ting, on behalf ot
the " Victoria and Esquimalt Railway Company," certain propositions having in view
the construction of a railway between Esquimalt and Nanaimo bv that company, 1
am directed to say that the proposal made has been duly considered, and that the
Department cannot entertain it favorably.
I am, Sir, youi obedient servant,
F. BRAUN, Secretary.
Herbert Gaston, Esq.,
Secretary " Vicioi-ia and Esquimalt Railway- Co.,"
Victoria, B.C.
British Columbia Board of Tkade,
Victoria, B.C., 28th Januaiy, 1881.
Sir, — I am instructed by the President and Coitacil of the British Columbia
Board of Trade (now numbering 83 members) to enclose for your consideration and
immediate action a few facts and resolutions in re Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway,
in order that at the approaching session of Parliament something' may be done.
I am further desired to request that you will be good enough to have the same
Efinted at the expense of this Boai-d, sufficient in number for every member of the
[ouse of Commons and Senate of Canada, and a lair number for distribution in
Victoria.
Your obedient servam
EDGAR CROW BAKER, Secretary.
The Honorable Amos DeCosmos, MP., Ottawa, Ont.
Mesolutions of the British Columbia Board of Trade on the Esquimalt- Nanaimo Railuay.
1. Whereas, by the terms of Confederation between the Dominion of Canada and
British Columbia, ratified by Her Majesty on the HJth May, 1871, the Dominion of
Canada agreed to commence the construction of a railway from the Pacific towards
the Rocky Mountains within two years from the date of Union.
2. And whereas, in furtherance of the said agreement, the Dominion Government,
on the 7th day of June, 1873, fixed- the terminus of the Canadian Pacific Railway at
Esquimalt, and applied for and obtained from the Br.tish Columbia Government the
reservation of a 20 mile belt of land along the east coast of Vancouver Island for
railway purposes.
3. And whereas, the Dominion Government have claimed that a commencement
of railway construction was made at Esquimalt within the term of two years agreed
upon in the terms of the Union.
M
r K .' i
I \ *
'.:l
1 ..I, -J
■!' '•)
Iti
4. And wheioftH, in the following year, 8th May, 1874, the Dominion Government
through itH agent, Mr, Edgar, propo-sed to tiiu Government of British Columbia to
proceed with the construclion from KKquiniult to Nanaimo immediately, and to push
that ]jortion of the railway on to completion with the utmost vigo and in the shortCHt
])racticable time, coupled, however, with conditions relating to the mainland portion
of the railway, which were not entortainid by the Government of British Columbia,
as they conflicted with the terms of Union and postponed indefinitely the consolida-
tion of British North America, which was the primary object of Confederation.
And whereas, in confle(iuence, serious differences arose between the Dominion of
Canada and British Columbia which wore referred to Her Majesty's Secrelai-y of
State for the Colonies, the Earl of Carnarvon.
6. And whereas, after protracted negotiations, the conditions contained in the
despatch of Lord Carnarvon of the 17th November, 1874, to the Governor General of
Canada, were, as a settlement by the Government of the Dominion and of British
Columbia, the first condition being that the section of the railway from Esquimalt to
Nanaimo shall be commenced as soon as possible and completed with all practical
despatch.
7. And whereas the Privy Council of the Dominion of Canada, on the 25 ',',^frgl
March, 1875, decided that prior to the commencement of any work of construction
on the proposed railway from Esquimalt to Nanaimo, the Province of British
Columbia should convey by legislation to the Dominion Government a 20-mile belt
of land along the line of railway between Esquimalt and Nanaimo; which demand
upon British Columbia was immediately complied with by the Legislative Assembly
of that Province passing an Act, 22nd April, 1875, No. 13, entitled "An Act to
authorize the grant of certain public lands to the Government of the Dominion of
Canada for railway purposes.
8. And whereas, on the 6th March, 1875, the Dominion House of Commons in
Committee of Supply appropriated $G,200 for the Pacific Eailwaj' between Esquimalt
and Nanaimo ready for use.
9. And whereas, in the year 1874-6, a construction survey was made of the line
between Esquimalt and Nanaimo.
10. And whereas no further action having been taken towards the construction
of the said line, a feeling and widespread dissatisfa'ition with the Dominion of Canada
was created in the Province, which resulted in 1878 in the election of a Provincial
Legislature the majority of the members of which were pledged to insist on the
Dominion carrying out the Carnarvon settlement or separation.
11. And whereas ofticial assurances wero given the Legislature of British
Columbia, when last in session, that before the close of that year actual railway
construction would be commenced in this Province, and the British Columbia Legis-
lature accepting the assurances in lull belief that the Carnarvon settlement would be
carried out, adjourned without taking any action hostile to the Dominion interest on
the Pacific.
12. And whereas since the adjournment the Dominion Government has confirmed
the selection of Esquimalt as the terminus of the Canadian Pacific Eailway, definitely
located the line upon the mainland via Eraser River, and called for tenders for a
portion of the railway in the interior of the Province, but, so far as known, has not
taken any steps to proceed with the construction of the railway between Esquimalt
and Nanaimo to which for so many years and in so many ways it stands pledged and
committed.
13. And whereas good faith and a continuance of satisfactory relations with the
Province require a speedy active commencement ef the railway between Esquimalt
and Nanaimo, the construction of which is of vital importance to the development of
the resources of the Vancouver Island portion of British Columbia, which contains
more than half of the population of the Piovince, and contributes a very largo pro-
portion of the revenue paid by said Province to the Dominion.
Bo it therefore resolved, that Sir John A. Macdonald, M.P., Hon. Amor DeCosmos,
M.P., Hon. A. Bunster, M.P., and Senator McDonald, au members in the Dominion
2£
of
Ed
Vai
wae
con:
wor
the
E
harl
ther
aboi
stre:
divic
Lan/
folio
Saaa
side
and
head
nt3f
in tl
term
wluii
JT
A.
Grovcrnmenl
Columbia to
and to push
tlio shortCHt
land portion
n interest on
las confirmed
[ay, definitely
lenders tor a
awn, has not
In Esquimalt
i pledged and
Ions with the
m Esquimau
Ivelopment of
lich contains
|ry largo pro-
|>r DeCosmos,
le Dominion
House of Commons and Senate oi' Canada for Victoria City and Vancouver Island,
are hei'eby instructed to ur^e and impress upon the Dominion (rovernment the
necessity of making such provision this session of Parlinmont as will secure, this
summer, the prosecution of this most important work.
Motion put and carried.
EDGAR CHOW BAKER, Secretary.
Victoria, B.C., 2Sth January, 1880.
Ottawa, 24th February, 1880.
Sir, — I am directed to acknowledge the receipt of a letter under date the
28th ultimo, enclosing a copy ot resolutions passed by the British Columbia Board
of Trade, in reference to the Esqnimalt-Nanaimo Eftilway, addressed by you to t|>«
Hon. Amos DeCosmos, M.P., and transmitted by that gentleman to this Department.
I have the honor to be. Sir, }'our obedient sei-vant,
F. BRAUN, SecretMry.
Edgar Crow Bakbr, Secretary, British Columbia Board of Trade, Victoria, B.C.
Canadian Pacific Railway, Office of thi Enoinkxr-in-Chiif,
Ottawa, 5th May, 188f.
Sir, — In reply to enquiries about a report on th. i^squimalt a^.d Nanimo Railway,
Vancouver Island, I have to state that as tne Bill for the constxuction of this railway
was defeate!^ V the Senate, pending the surveys, the la*^er were never thorQUghly
completed, only a trial lino oeing run, and there was no report made.
''"he plans and profiles will give a better idea of the nature and magnitude of the
work than any report; but, the following brief description may serve to impress on
the mind the salient features of the line.
Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway. First Division — Esqnimalt to Cowichan River.
The line commences at a point on the Indian Reserve on the east side of the
harbor of Ee>quimalt and takes a north-westerly direction for about two miles. It
then tends to the south-west, sweeping round the head of the harbor and passing
about a quarter of a mile to the north of Parson's Bridge, which crosses ^Ibie miU
stream.whcre it enters the head of the harbor.
The line then bonds to the west and north-west, crossing the Isthmus that
divides E;^
Gradients and Character of the Work.
being
a fow
The gradioJits on this division are generally easy, the maximum
short lengths of 1 per 100.
The work from the 37th to the 42nd mile will bo heavy, the excavations being
generally in gravel or clay loam, with a few short locky spurs underlying. On tho
next two miles rocks prevails and the works would bo rather heavy.
The Chemaines Valley near the 45th milo is 130 feet deep ; 120 feet wide at the
bottom, and 900 feet at the top, and there would be some rather heavy cutting for
half a mile beyond it.
From the 4t)th to the 59th mile the works will be variable, and may be classed
as moderate for half the distance and the balance as rather heavy, consisting of
cattings, partly in rook, and bridging deep valleys and lagoons.
A9
19
n'to Iho
ations in
mile, tlio
)pos of a
pel- 100
of deep
iH ill tlin
ng iw an
t part of
) reduced.
3r mile in
nat heavy
so is 180
from the
Bay, Iho
laking an
deep, 500
id 40 feet
md 35 fool
tho 37th
hills that
land comes
|ilo,thonco
ilos.
Nanaimo
Nanaimo
10 curves
lig a few
bns being
On tho
Ido at the
Vtting for
le classed
Isi sting of
From tho 59th railo to tlio end of 68^ miles, tho works would be classed as
follows : Throe miles light, and tho balance moderate. The Nanaimo River is crossed
on u low flat, and would require 200 feet of bridging.
Tho Kiver Chase would require -100 foot, and a height of 32 foot above tho water.
The line on this Division could no doubt bo improved, and the works reduced by
a careful location survey.
The chief difficulty is on tho First Division, along the shore of Saanich Inlet;
an attempt was made to overcome that by carrying tho line further back from the
inlet, but a high summit would have to bo crossed, and tho attempt was abandoned.
1 can suggest no oihei- way of overcoming the difficulty than carrying the lino
up the Saanich Peninsula, over a lino agricultural country, to a convenient landing
for a ferry, crossing Saanich Inlet to Cowichan Harbor.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
MAIICUS SMITH.
Ottawa, 13th May, 1880.
Sir, — I have the honor to transmit to you herewith copy of Ileport No. 22,519
on tho Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway, made by Mr. Marcus Smith of this Depart-
ment on the 5th instant, together with copies of tho following plans and profiles in
relation to same subject, viz : —
1. Profile Division T, from Esquimalt Harbor to junction Division T at Pelon's
Creek.
2. Profile Division Y, from junction with Division T to Nanaimo.
3. Plan from Nanaimo Harbor to junction with T.
4. Plan Division T location, from Nanaimo to junction with Y.
I have the honor to be. Sir, your obedient servant,
F. BJUUN, Secretary.
A. De Cosmos, M.P., Victoria, B.C.
Government House, Victoria, lYth May, 1880.
Sib, — I have the honor to enclose a copy of a Minute of my Executive Council,
dated the twelfth instant, embodying a resolution unanimously passed by the Legis-
lative Assembly of this Province on the 7th instant, respecting the construction of tho
Island Section of tho Canadian Pacific Railway; and strongly recommending that the
request therein contained should bo complied with.
I have tho honor to be, Sir, your obedient servant,
A. N. RICHARD, Lieutenant Governor.
To tho Secretary of State, Ottawa.
Copy of a Report of a Committee of the Honorable tho Executive Council, approved
by His Extollency the Lieutenant Governor on the 12th day of May, 1880.
The Committee of Council advise that the following resolution unanimously
passed by the Legislative Assemblv on tho 7th day of May inst., respecting the con-
struction of the Island section of the Canadian Pacific Railway, viz. :--
" That, whereas, this House freely concedes to tho Dominion Government due
credit for the steps taken by them towards commencing construction of the Canadian
Pacific Railway on the mainland, and is, moreover, desirous that the work should be
actively prosecated.
/fi
'e
viS.i
h'''-.
li •
"■f
"It is, nevortholoss, of opinion that the Dominion Government should bo respect-
fully informod that tho t'ulHllment of the obligations assumed by thorn in 1874, to
immediately commoiico anf State.
The liioutenant Governor of British Columbia, Victoria.
(Copy, No. 24,442.)
[Government HbtisE, Victoria, llth October, 1880.
Sir, — I have the hotior tb enclose to ycu, herewith, a copy of a minute of my
Executive Council, dated the 4th day of October inst., inviting the attention of the
Dominion Government to the representations made by this Government regarding
the commencement of the Island section of the Canadian Pacific Railway not later
than next spring; and also respectfully requesting that this Government be informed
of the ai'rangementa made by the Dominion Government for carrying out the above
object.
I have the honor to bo Sir, your obedient servant,
A. N. RICHARDS, Lieutenant Governor.
The Hoii. Secretary of State, Ottawa.
Copt of a Report of a Committee of the Honorable the Executive Council, approved by
His Excellency the Lieutenant-Governor on the fourth day of October, 1880.
The Committee of Council deem it advisable that the attention of the Dominion
Government be earnestly invited to the official representations made by this Govern-
ment respecting the expediency of the Island section of the Canadian Pacific Railway
being commenced not later than next spring, and that the Dominion be respectfully
urged to make such arrangements as may m required to commence and vigorously
proseoutti the work in the early part of the coming year.
The Committee advise that the Dominion Government be also i-espectfuUy
requested t6 inform this Government of their ai'rangements for carrying out the
above object, and that a copy of this order (if approved) be forwarded to the Hon.
the Secretary of State.
CertifiW, T. B: HUMPHREYS,
Clerk, Executive Couticit.
28th September, 1880;
* Bmbodying » reiolution pMted by the Legislative Aiseinuly of Britiih OoUmbia, oo the 7(h ult.
21
///
^.
26th October, 1880.
Sir, — I have the honor to acknowledge the rocoipt of your despatch of the 11th
inst., enclosing a copy of a Minute ot vour p]xocutivo Council, datfu the 4th of that
month, inviting the attention of the I)ominion Government to the roprosontationH
made by your Government regarding' Iho commoncoment of the Island section of the
Canadian Pacific Railway not later than iiext spring, and also requesting that your
Government may be informed of the arrangements made by the Dominion Govern-
ment for carrying out that object.
1 have, &c.,
J. C. AIKINS, Secretary of State.
To IliB Hon. LieuteDant'Governor of British Columbia, Victoria.
Government House, Victoiua, 16th October, 1880,
Sir, — I have the honor to enclose to you hcrowilh, a copy ot a Minute of my
Executive Council, dated the 14th day of October inetant, authorizing the Hon. A.
DeCosmos, M.P., to press upon the .D;)minion (Jovcrnmont tho importance of their
carrying out their agreement to const i-unt the Island section of tho Canadian Pajific
Kailway, to point out the advantages to bo gained thci-cfiom, as well as the serious
injuries sustained by the Province in consequence of withdrawal from sale and settle-
ment, for the past seven years, of tho extensive area of valuable lands along the east
coast of Vancouver Island.
I have the honor to Lc, Sir, your obedient Pcrvnnt,
A. N. RICHARDS, Lieutenant-Governor.
Copy of a Report of a Committee of the Honorable tho Kxccutivo Council, ap-
proved by His Excellency tho Lieutenant-Governor on Iho 14th day of
October, 1880.
The Committee of Council are of opinion that the interests of the Province
require that some person resi'-lent at Ottawa, should be authorized on behalf of
this Government to press upon the Dominion Government the i mportance of their
carrying out their agreement to construct the Island section of the Canadian
Pacific Railway, and at the same time to point out the commercial and economical
value of the work, as well as the serious injury sustained by the Province by the
withdrawal from sale and settlement for the past seven years, at the instance of
the Dominion Government, of the extensive area of valuable lands along the east
coast of Vancouver Island, without even the compensating advantages of railway
construction, aside from the larger question of wealth and prosperity involved in
its completion.
That such authority should be given at once so as to afford ample time and
opportunity to the Dominion Government to make their arrangements for pro-
ceeding actively with the work and without further delay.
The Committee therefore advise that the Hon. DeCosmos, M. P., who is now,
it is believed, in Ottawa, receive such authority, and that he be requested, upon
his accepting the same, to report the result of his proceedings to this Govern-
ment from time to time.
It is further advised that copies hereof (if approved) be forwarded to the
Hon. the Secretary of State and to tho Hon. Mr. DeCosmos.
Certified, T. B. HUMPHREYS,
Clerk, Executii)e Ootmcil.
s;
tn the 7th ult.
tm
f
22
The lion, the Liout.-Governor of British Columbia, Victoria.
Sir, — I have the hsrior to acknowlc(l<^o the report of 3'our de-jputch of the
16th 11U., enclosing copy of a minute of yorv Hxecutivo Council of 14th uit.,
authorizing the Hon. A. DeCosmos, M.P., to press upon the Dominion Govern-
ment the importance of their carryini; out their :iij;reement to construct tlio
Island section of the Canadian Pacitic Railway, to point out the advantage to ho
gained therefrom as woll as the serious injuries sustained by the Province in
consequence of the withdrawal from sale and settlement for tiie past seven years
of the extensive area of valuable land along the east coast of Vtinoouvcr Island.
I have, &c.,
J. C. AIKINS, Secretary of State.
Wti
s 'jj 1
I
Victoria, B.C., 19th November, 1880.
I am instructed by His Worship J. H. Turner, Mayor of Victoria, to forwai-d
you a copy of the resolutions of the British Columbia Board of Trade, and also
of those passed by a mass mcetinij of the citizens of Victoria and residents of Van-
couver Island, relating to the default of the Dominion of Canada in carrying out
its railway obligations to British Columbia.
The maltreatment which this Province has for so many years received at (ho
hands of the Dominion leads British Columbia to hope that your sense of right and
sympathy for an injured people may induce you to u^!0 j'our ]iowerful influence to
secure for British Columbia justice from the Dominion or a reloaso from political
connection with it.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
E. M. JOB.'NSO^, Secretary.
British Columbia — Treatment by the Dominion ov Canada krom the Date oi'
Union in May, 1874, to November, 1830.
Eesolutions passed by the British C •'.umbia Board of Trade, January, 1880: —
1. Whereas by the terms of Confederation between the Dominion of Canada and
British Columbia, ratified by Her Majesty on the 16th May, 1871, the Dominion of
Canada agreed to commence the construction of a railway from the Pacific towards
the Eocky Mountains within two years of the date of the Union ;
2. And whereas in furtherance of the said agreement, the Dominion Government
of the 7th day of June, 1873, fixed the terminus of the Canadian Pacific Railway at
Esquimau, and applied for and obtained from the British Columbian Government the
reservation of a 20-mile belt of land along the eastern coast of Vancouver Island for
railroad purposes;
3. And whereas the Dominion Government liave claimed that a commencement
of railway construction was made at Esquimalt within the term of two years agreed,
upon in the terms of Union ;
4. And whereas in the following year, 8th Ma}', 1874, the Dominion Government,
through its agent, Mr. Edgar, propose i to the Government of British Columbia " to
proceed with the construction from Esquimalt to Nanaimo immediately," and " to
push that portion of the railway on to com])letion with the utmost vigor and in the
shortest practicable time," coupled, however with conditions i-elating to the main-
land portion of the railway which were not entertained by the Governmrnt of
BritisQ Columbia, as they conflicted with the terms of Union, and postponed indefi-
nitely the consolidation of British North America, which was the primary object of
Confederation ;
5. And whereas, in consequence, serious differences arose between the Dominion
of Canada and British Columbia, which were referred to Her Majesty's Secretary of
State for the Colonies, the Earl of Carnarvon ;
a
/^J
■h of the
14th ult.,
1 Govcrn-
truct the
,a;;o to lie
•ovinco in
ven years
if Island.
1880.
,0 forward
, and also
its of Van-
•rying out
;cd at tho
f ri,2;ht ami
nfluenco to
[n political
retary.
: Date ok
I: —
Canada and
jminion of
Kc towards
over n men t
lailway at
nmont the
Island for
noncemont
ars agreed
ivemmeut,
umbia " to
and "to
and in tho
the raain-
rumr nt of
aed indefi-
y object of
Dominion
ici'etary of
6. And whereas after protracted negotiations, the conditions contained in the
despatch of Lord Carnarvon of the 17th November, lfe74, to tho Governor General
of Canada, were aetoptod as a settlement by the Government of the Dominion and of
British Columbia; tlie tirst condition being " that tho section of the railway from
Esquimalt to Jsanaimo shall be commenced as soon as possible and completed with all
practicable dispatch ;'
7. And whereas the Pi-ivy Council of tho Dominion of Canada, on the 25th
March, decided " that prior to the commencement of any work ot construction outho
|)roposcd raihvn}' from Ksqiiimalt to Nanuimo, the Province of British Columbia
should convey by legislation to tho Dominion (rovornment a 20-milo belt of land along
tho lino of railioad between Ksquimalt and Nanuimo," which dcmund upon British
Columbia was immediately complied with by the Legislative Assembly of the Pro-
vince passing an Act on the U_nd April, 1S75, No. 16, intituled: " An Act to authorize
the grant of certain public lands to tho Government of tho Dominion of Canada for
railway purposes ;"
S. And whereas, on tho 6th March, 1875, the Domifiion House of Commons, in
Committee of Supply, appropriated 86,250,000 to tho Pacific Railway, part of which
was expended on tho purchase of steel rails for the railway between Esquimalt and
Nanaimo. and the rails wo accordingly purchased and conveyed to Esquimalt and
Nanaimo leady fi r use ;
9. And whereas in the year 1874-75 a construction survey was made of the line
between Esquimalt and Nanaimo ;
10. And whereas no further action having been taken towards the construction
of the said line, a feeling of intense wide-spread dissatisfaction with the Dominion of
Canada was created in the Province, which resulted in 1878 in the election of a
Provincial Legislature, the majority of tho members of which were pledged to insist
upon the Dominion carrying out the ••Carnarvon Settlement," or separation;
11. And whereas, official assurances were given the Legislature of British
Columbia when last in session, that " before tho close of that year actual railway
construction would be commenced in this Province," and tho British Columbia
Legislature accepting these assurances in full belief that tho Carnarvon settlement
would be carried out, adjourned without taking any action hostile to the Dominion
interests in the Pacific;
12. And whereas, since the adjournment the Dominion Government has confirmed
tho selection of Esquimalt a? the terminus of the C^anadian Pacific I'ailway, definitely
located tho line upon tho mainland cia Eraser Iliver, and called for tenders for a
l)ortion of the railway in tho interior of the Province, but so far as known has not
taken any stej)S to proceed with iho construction of the railway between Esquimalt
and Nanaimo, to which for so many years and in so manj' ways it stands pledged and
committed ;
13. And whereas, good faith and a continuance of satisfactory relations with the
Province require a speedy, active commencement of the railway between Esquimalt
and Nanaimo, the construction of which is of vital importance to the development of
the resources of the Vancouver Islau I portion of British Columbia, which contains
more than half of the population of tho Provinn-^ an I contributes a very large
proportion of the revenue paid by the Province to ilu> D. >nvn on, —
Bo it therefore resolved. That Sir John A. Macdonald.M.P., Hon. Amos DeCosmos,
M.P Hon. A. Bunster, M.P.. and Senator McDonald, as members in the Dominion
House of Commons and Senate of Canada for Victoria City and Vancouver Island, be
and are hereby instructed to urge and impress upon the D.^mnion Government the
necessity of making such provision this session of Parliament as will secure, this
summer, the prosecution of this most important work."
J
• >-■ vg;_
/f¥
24
I
i
w
BesolutioQ passed bj the citizens of Victoria and residents of Yancouver Island,
November, 1880:—
We, the citizens of Victoria and residents of Vancouver Island. British Columbia,
in mass meeting assembled, respectfully call the attention of the Dominion Govern-
ment to the resolutions passed by the British Columbia Board of Trade, on the 28th
January last, leciting important facts relating to the obligations of the Dominion
Government to construct the railway between Eaquimalt and Nanaimo, and also to
the following rosolutioi s bearing thereon, and on the relations existing between
British Columbia and the Dominion, as follows: —
1. That while several of the Eastern Provinces of the Dominion have obtained
better terms than those under which they confederated, the Western Province of
British Columbia, under the Carnarvon settlement (in language of Lord Carnarvon)
" will receive considerably less than was promised to her as the condition of entering
the Dominion ;"
2. That the first condition of the said settlement, made in 1874, was the construc-
tion of the railway from Esquiraalt to Nanaimo;
3. That although the people of the Province were justified in expecting the
commencement of the Esquimalt-Nanaimo Eailway in 1875, their generous recogni-
tion of the embarrassed condition of the Dominion induced them for years to refrain
from emphatically insisting upon the immediate construction of the railway ;
4. That Lorn Dufforin, in his official capacity of Govenior General of the
Dominion of Canada, in his speech deliverea at Government House, Victoria,
September 20th, 1876, pledged his woi-d for the good faith of the Dominion to
British Columbia in the following impressive language: "I would sooner," said his
Lordship, " cut my right hand off, than utter a single word that I do not know to be
absolute truth. * * * Every single item of the Carnarvon terms is
at this moment in the course of fulfilment;"
5. That after five years of patient waiting the only Acts of the Dominion, in 1880,
at all bearing upon the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway have been the application
to the Provincial Government for the conveyance to the Dominion of an additional
twenty miles belt of land between Esquimalt and Nanaimo, and the removal of steel
rails purchased for the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway from Nanaimo to near
Yale, on the Frazer River, for the use of the Emory Bar and Savona Ferry section
of the Canadian Pacific Railway on the mainland ;
6. That it is believed throughout the Dominion that arrangements have been
recently made with a syndicate of capitalists for the -construction of the Canadian
Pacific Railway by 1890, which includes about 500 miles of railway known as the
Lake Superior section, and excludes the 70 miles of the railway between Esquimalt
and Nanaimo;
7. That under the Carnarvon settlement the first portion of the railway to bo
built was the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway, and the last the Lake Superior
section which was postponed indefinitely until alter the completion, by 1890, of the
railway between the Puc'tic seaboard and Lake Superior;
8. That it is evident that the Dominion of Canada has not kept faith with
British Columbia in carrying out its railway obligations ;
9. That the inducements to British Columbia to confederate with the Dominion
of Canada was the agreements which held out the prospects of rapidly opening up,
settling and developing different portions tf this Province ;
10. That in consequence of the default of the Dominion, Confederation has
inflicted irreparable injury upon Vancouver Island, a most important part of British
Columbia. So far from inaucing bettlement, it has prevented it. From the 7th
June, 1873, until now, a belt of land along the east coast of Vancouver Island, over
180 miles in length, by 20 miles in breadth, has been kept locked up by
the Dominion, so that thousands who intended to settle in this valuable portion of
the Province have been placed across the boundary into Washington Territory
which, in consequence, has largely increased in population since last census, groutly
at the expense of British Columbia ;
2S
//r
Island,
lumbia,
Grovern-
,he 28th
ominion
1 also to I
between
obtained
)vinoe of
rnarvon)
entering
construc-
cting the
\ recogni-
to refi-ain
•al of the
"Victoria,
minion to
'," said his
:now to be
\ terms is
)n, in 1880,
iipplication
additional
ral of steel
ao to near
rry section
have been
\q Canadian
[own as the
Esquimau
lilway to bo
lo Superior
[890, of the
faith with
Dominion
)pening up,
^ration has
It of British
Im the 7th
j;sland, over
ked up by
portion of
I Territory
SUB, groutly
11. That although under the terms of Union British Columbia was allowed
return to her own tariff until the date fixed for the completion of the Canadia]
Pacific Railway, she, believing in the good faith of the Dominion as regards i
railway obligations, accepted the Dominion Tariff. By this generous act the amouii
of revenue paid by British Dolumbia to the Dominion since Confederal ii)n ha
exceeded the expenditure out of revenue of the Dominion in British Columbia
(much of which has been of no benefit to this Province) so that British Colunibi
has been a financial aid and not a burden to the Dominion ;
12. That in 1874, when the Carnarvon settlement was made, the Customs dutie
collected in British Columbia amounted to 8306,436, while in 1879 $517,261 wen
collected, although the railway construction had not been commenced in th<
Piovince; j
13. That since Confederation over $50,000,000 has been borrowed by th^
Dominion for public works and other purposes, and although British Columbia has
been made to pay more in proportion than her fair share of interest thereon, n
( ,
W¥
Br h
I
/
f/
CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY
SPEECHES DELIVERED IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS
— BT —
HON. MR DeCOSMOS, M.R,
— ON —
Friday and Monday, 16th and 19th April, 1880
( Re-piihlUfinl Jrom the Official Rfport of the Debates, Pane 1491.1519.;
Mr. DeCOSMOS: I have as much
physical strength, I dare say, as the hon.
the I'irst Minister has, and perhaps more ;
and if the Government are prepared to
resist such a reasonable proposition as
an adjournment, they must be prepared
to sit here till, at the earliest, eight
o'clock in the morning. I propose
to discuss this question, ?.Ir. Speaker :
I would have preferred to have addressed
the House within reasonable hours,
but as it is the will of this House that
I shall not have that privilege, I trust
to your indulgence possibly for two, or
three, or four, or perhaps more hours, in
which I shall speak, in accordance with
the lawand usage of Parliament. We have
had a speech from the hon. the Minister
of Railways, in which he made his annual
statement on the Pacific Railway ; and we
have had also the annual review from the
hon. member for West Durham (Mr.
Blake). I may say that the speech of
the hon. the Minister of Railways was
cheering ; it was full of energy and re-
plete with information, and gave us con-
fidence in the future of our country. It
will be unnecessary for me to go into the
whole of the details i-especting the Pacific
Railway, for the hon. the Minister of
Kailways has made detailed explanations
to the House. I will, however, briefly
refer to the whole line, from the i-ailway
system of Ontario and Quebec to the
Pacific Ocean. The first section to which
I will direct attention is that lietween the
Canada Central Riiilway, the Montreal,
Ottawa and Occidontal Kailwn y and west-
ward vl(t Lake Nipissiii to a jun'-tioii
with that section of the Canadian Pacific
now in part completed and part under
construction between tiie west end of
Lake Superior and Selkirk. As I re-
marked, I will avoid detail. Several
Sessions ago, I made a statement to this
House showing that — with a certain num-
ber of wheat-growers, and with a certain
acreage producing wheat, in Manitoba —
the receipts from the transportation of
wheat alone to Montreal would pay
inter&st and sinking fund on tlie entire
cost of the road, would meet the cost of
maintenance, repairs, and operating ex-
penses and leave a surplus to the cre«Ht
of the country. In 1873, after the hon.
member for Lambton became the head of
the Government, I intimated to Itira the
desirability of the early constrnction of
this section, both as a matter i/f policy,
and as a necessary public work, to unite
the eastern Provinces with tlie CJreat
West. But no step has yet been t«k .i
in that direction, except the sub idi- s
granted to the Canada Central, and (be
proposed construction of the f}.'or<.nari
Bay Branch. The hon. the MihiHter of
Railways, I was glad to observe, dludt'ii
very briefly to the pogsible earlv com-
mencement of the construction of this
great link of the Canadian Parifi'', con-
neeting the populations of Ont irio an 1
Quebec with the Great North- Wtiit.
■ jj-;5,;»K»»r<^»
/;r
P!
M
\m
1, tlirnfoir, tivkw tliis npportuiiily to i
Miy tl;;it, it svill Im koiiihI policy on the
part (if tliin (lovi riniiciit, iit an <'arly
diitt', to oouHtruot til in section coiiiD'Otiiij^'
tin* QiK'hcc (ii\il ()iiiiirio sy>-ti'iii of rail
ways willi tln^ wcciiou iVoin l"'()rl. William
to tii'lkiik, HO as to carry {,'rain tliroui(li,
ou uu all-iail route, to tlic sliips in iKe
c>aHtt>rn scapurls of our Dominion. 1
support tliis policy, not merely iih a
pariv matter, \ti\\. ns a matter that coii-
•ernH tilt! interests of the Donuiiion, aH a
wLole, nnil nllects p.irtienlarly tim two
lar^e I'lovinces of (i^ueWec and Ontario.
Sir, I trust tlett the lion, tlm Minister of
llailways, tiiiriti,:;' the lieoess, will prepare
a Hcln'ine for il.s early const riu-t ion, uiul
Kiiltniit it Uiv tli« sanction of I'arliamont
at its mxt Session. A Ilailway can carry
morn cheaply than l\\v, canals.
An Hon. MK.MnKK: No, no.
RlK. I)i:;Ct)SM()S : My lu)n. frioial to
my riylit says : " No, m>," but I lintl,Sir,
that rcjiorts n^spectiutj canals show this
to b«', a.s I stale. TJie liailwayB fjoni
Chicago to Now York, and tho Hallways
from llu) W<3st to I'l ila leljthia and Balti-
more, are carrying more than wliat goes
by th«5 water system. TJio steel tail
revolution h.t.s nearly overthrown lake
and canal tr.in>portation. iSesides that
the crowded passenger trains from the
east, and the gieat volume of westward
bound freight, enables tho eastern-bound
treiglit trains to carry grain and pro-
visions at such low rates as to make water
transportation neither as profitable, nor
as desirable as formerly, and consequently
prevents the canals and hikes from being
as great cairiers now, '•elatively to the
total volume of eastern-bound freight
ill the United States as they once
were in the past. At any rate we have
spent since 1873 more than §15,000,000
to enlarge our 8t. Lawrence (-anal
system, and we do not get out of it
enough to pay current expenses. The
tonnage of the shipping in the lakes is
small, in comparison to what might be
expected, as a corollary to our grand
scheme of water transportation. Well,
Sir, returning from this digression, I
say thut the line between the Thunder
Bay — Bed Biver section, and the rail
waj system of Ontario and Quebec,
ought to be built, and built quickly and
taxly. I will take up another point. I
believe the lato (lovrrnment made a niis-
tak(! in eommencLng work, in expendin;;
ini^ney, on the iiake Superior -Red Kivor
wctionof the I'acitio Railway, it is really
nothing more than part of the tiuns-
continentil line, it seems to me, to run
as a competing liint with tin* I'enibina
sei'tiun lidf of the year, and al^-o as a
competing' line fur the siuwc pciio.l with
th^ main trunk line betwi en Selkirk
and, and wisdom di,s-
phiyed in the e.vpemlitiire of the money
on the through liia; l)Ptween Nipissijig
and Selkiik, the work would have
been carried throu;;li and eonipleteil
by this tinm. Now, Sir, with respect to
the J*aeilii; Raihvay from Red River to
the foot-hills of the Rca'ky Mountains,
the lion, tho iMinisU-r of Railways, with
his eneru'y and bold determination, has
enunciaUd a policy for laiilding it and
opening up the country, which shows
him accustomed to nih^ acoinitry ; he has
shown how the resources of the North-
\\ est can bo develo|ied and the country
filled with population. \ endorse that
policy, and look forward to the near future
covering that land with ])rosperous farms
and thriving cities, with a net-woik of
railways like a spider's web. I believe
the hon. gentlenuin is one of tJiose states-
men who does not propose to put ou slow
tJiigl.'iCoris ; but is one who wishes our
navvi«ts to drive the buffalo and the
deer before them on their way westerly
to the foot of the Rocky Mountains.
Now, Sir, we have had speeches -delivered
here with respect to tho land policy of
the (jiovernment, — the land policy pro-
pounded by the right hon. the Minister
of the Interior, to settle the North-West
with new provinces ; settle it with a
daring, peaceful, industrious population,
who will clothe that naked land with
cultivated fields, happy homesteads, busy
villages, and ambitious cities — the hum
of their industries, along the line of
the Pacific Kailway, girdling the con-
tinent from ocean to ocean, and yielding
Revenue more than will repay a hun-
dred times over and over again, the cost
of its construction. I will not enter
into detail to show how the Government
may be recouped by its land policy, for
its expenditure in building the Pacific
Railwaj. That has been well and fullj
^/
CI I llivnr
is n-ally
iH tratiH-
•, to niu
l»cml»inii
lUo lis a
lio.l \v"uh
I Si-lkirlc
Icr kIiuU
IT fiirr;,7
,-,(lniii iliH-
lio iiiotioy
NipisHiiif?
coiui'lt'teil
Vfspi'Ot to
I Kivcr to
Mi)uutaii>s,
ways, with
iiiition, I11V8
iiijt it and
hich Hhows
,lry ; he has
tlie North-
th« country
lulorse tliJit
3 near future
lerous farms
net-work of
I believe
tliose states-
put oil slow
wishes our
auJ the
ay westerly
:Mouutains.
^»'S 'delivered
[d policy of
policy pto-
he Minister
North-West
it -with a
population,
_ land with
'Steads, busy
[eg — the hum
the line of
ing the con-
land yielding
repay a hun-
iin, the tost
111 not enter
Government
Id policy, for
ig the Pacific
fell and fuUf
done hy thn right hon. thn Tinador of tlie
I{'>u>4t4, whin li<4 ex|>l-tiuod tho litiaiicial
poll "v of tin' (l()Vf«ruru('iit resp'(«tiin^ th *
11 til way. Mut, Sir. 1 will hay Llmt I
l>Hlira->ki and Ivtimas.
Sir, wluMi I rtrst slept in Ni'bra-ika -
!•() led up ill my l»lutik(»t on tlm uroiiiil,
twniity-f'ij^lit years aijo- - thcro was not
a wiiiln si'ttlcr's Iioush williin its liordiM's.
Till fronlior niilitary posts, and a fi'w
liesusivl fnilian traders, w'Vi' its only
inhabit ints besiiles tliu waudrrin:,' trilirs
of the plains. Wlmn I (iisL slept iu
Kansas it was tl'." aani(\ There was then
west ot' the Miss mri, no State of
Nebraska, Kansas, (! )lora'lo, Nevadi,, or
Ore.^on ; no Territory ot J)ak)ti, Mon
tan I, ria'io, WyoniinLj, Ai'izona, or
WashiiiLfton ; no British (lolniabin. The
only or^aiizel (lovernnients wero the
Terrti.ory of Utah, conipos'd of a few
scattered settlements aloa^ the foot hills
of the WaliHiteh Mountains and nearthe
BhoroH ot Salt Luke ; the TtM-ritor}' of
Or ji^on, which had a few settlements on
the (Jobimbia, Willamette, Cowlitz and
Nis [U.illy ; the (Jalony of Vancouver Is-
lanil, with a mere handful of whites,
^ath(!red under thejjunsof Fort Victoria;
and the State of California, with two to
three hundred thousand people. There
■was then but one small mail that crossed
the continent, and that was carried
monthly from Salt Lake, each way, dur-
in<; about si< months in the year. Sinee
then tlse whole extent of that vast terri-
tory h 13 been covered with young nations,
posses.'^ing all the elements o*^ vigorous
national life, enjoying all the appliances of
modern civilization, yielding fabulous
wealth, and stoutly ontending as
rivals in the race of progress
with States and Provinces, the
work of canturies on this continent.
Western Nebraska and Kansas, with
Colorado, Montana, Idaho, Washington,
Utah and Nevada, are no better than
British Columbia, and in many important
respects are far worse. Two hundred and
fiftj miles west of Missouri Birer,
Nehriika and Kantan cmiHo to bo agricul-
tural status. Theuen for sixteen hundred
iniltH went, till the valley of the Sicra-
nieiito is reached, no eultivitted land
exiits — excHpt pilelies in Utih nourishoil
l)y irrig.ition. Noi th and south, ea«t
ami west, it is mountains with untold
luiiKTil wealth, ail I vnt [d li is tli it will
e Via' remain [)isture laids, ami I irredeem-
ilde deseits. Tlie e > i-i i lueiiee is that
wiien tli(! wtM^orn limitof cultivable lands
iu N'eiiraski, Kansas, and contii^iious
territories, shall have been ( ceupird, the
ti !►' of ptpuliion (lowing west.vardly in
the United States in s.ureh of arable
land, will turn northwardly and spread
itsi'lfover tlu fertMe bdt iu our Great
.Vort!i-W(vst. ()f this, tluire seenn tome
lo lie no doubt. Ilenee the policy of
< I jverninent, in piis!iin.f onward vigorously
til:! i'acilie UaiUvay — providirig tacilitie.s
of rapid trausiiortatiou for our own
immii^ration ami theeomin'^ tide from the
s i\ith — ejuiiU'-nds its 'If to evijry patriot.
The lion, gentlem !u opjiosite, over since
the Di'bates this S 's-iion Ic^^an, and ever
siiioe the aliiission of jJritish Columbia,
have dei.'laimed against the building of
a railway at such a vast cost-,. Why,
Sir, the total a'uoiint for the whole lias,
some §S(),()i)l),()Oi), would bo voted by
this Parliament at onee, for the purpoao
of detonee, if a war broke out to-morrow,
and would be voted without a dissniting
voice. Sir, if the e.xpen lituro for the
Kail way, is spread over eight or ten
years, it is small in comparisou to such
an ex|)enditure for defenco purposes ; for
svar e.xpenditure would be an expendi-
ture from whicii we should see no great
reproductive works in the future, but would
bo spent at once aud lost for ever. But
this Railway is a great work, a
great national work, that will be valu-
able for all time; an 1. will becomo
more and more valuable year after year.
War would insure a vote of a vast ex-
penditure of millions entailing the slaugh-
ter of our sons, the destruction of our
property, and manifold niisu'ies; whereas
here, we hesitate and object t • a vote for
a peaceful purpose ; for a railway that
will always be an instruinoit of p<{aoa,
and an implement of war. Let
me draw the attention of the Hou«e
to &ome statements male by the Toronto
Olobe, while the hon. member for La nb-
toa (Mr. Mackenzie) was the leader
.^,^^-,..»j-.«*4-^«Sif*..3';,;
•^ .g* ' W;.'t T? ;?J a' /l'« I IW''"<
20
'■\X
1
f
i
i
of the late QovAminent, on tho
31st of AuguHt, 1H76, It was niiulo
lit tlie time thiit Lord Diifreriit was in
BritiHti ('oil nibia oiiu mission tliutprovod
to be a failure; wvs madn after tlio route
for the Pacitio Railway had been adopted,
from TOte Jaune Piwh to Fort (Jcorge;
and waN publiMhed, no doubt, HeinioHi-
I'ially by the lion, member for l^inibton
to intliu;n<.-u tlio p«'opIe of ih-itiHh Colum-
l>ia. It is as IoIIowh : —
Thunder Bay to Rp(1 River,
Red River to LivinHHtone, '271
LivioKitoiie to PMmunton, 51(i
Kdmontfin ta Yullnw Head Pa«a, 283
Yellow HoaH I'au* to Stewart River, '2(»0
Utewkrt River to Bute Inlut, 288
4l3milet, aver* go per mile 928,000 $ll,4rfO,000
""" do do I6:M)0 4,420,000
do do li),0eO }>,772 00O
do do lil.OOO «,«0l,000
do do 20, 000 r).H3.'),000
do do 4«,-)00 18,420,00»
Total miles 2,031
French River to Thunder )iay, U20 do
do
Total suRt $.50»78,r>00
40,000 24,800.000
Total coat 175,778,500
Total through line 2,(ir)l miles
lirnnrhrA
Georgian Bay Branch, 80 miles 11,120,000
Pembina brunch. 8!) mile", at IjlS.OUO par mile l,3:i.">,(M)0
Subsidy to CduaJa Ceutral, 120 miluH, at |12,000 pur mile 1,4(0.000
3,805,000
Total cost Pacifie Railway. 579,673,500
Tho hon. the Minister of Railways. I be-
lieve, esliniattid the cost of the Pacitic
Railway from Thunder Rav to Bnrranl
Inlet at $04,000,000. This is higlier
than the Glohe's semi-oflicial statement in
1876, for the loii.<,'er and alleged more
costly line from Tlinnder Bay to Bute
Inlet, naaiely, $50,978,500. Sir, if this
estimate of the hon. member for Lambton
and his Engineers were true in 1870, it
la true now, and .shows tha'^ what the
hon. members opposite sometime^ allege
to be a work of appalling inagnit\ide is no
such thing, and tliat the objections that
they urge are coiisHi-|uently unreasonable.
No reasonable ])nblic mun will truthfully
say that $50,1)78,500 to construct the
Pacific Railway in ten years to come from
Thunder Buy to the Pacific is a sum of
such appalling magnitude that the people
of Canada cannot bear the burden. But
Sir, no matter who is right — the esti-
mate of the hon. the Mini.ster of Rail-
ways or that of the hon. member for Lamb-
ton — we should not hi''t, but should com-
plete the Railway to the Pacific within
the next ten years. The line from
Thunder Bay to French River was esti-
mated by the Globe to cost $24,800,000;
the Pembina Branch, the Georgian Bay
Branch, and the subsidy to the Canada
Central at $3,895,000, making the total
cost of the Pacific Railway from French
River to Bute Inlet, $79,673,500. This
differs little from the estimate of the hon.
tho Minister of ISaiiw.iys, which I under
stood him to fix at $S2,000,000, for the
entire Railway when completed and in
operation. Now, Sir, tiie highest esti-
mate of the cost of the I'acific Railway
completed is nearly $0,000,000 less than
tlie total sum givtm by the Dominion,
the Provinces and the Municipalities, in
aid of Railways throughout < 'anada up to
1879. The Railway st;' tics supplied
to Parliament up to Apn 1879, are as
follows: —
Amount of aid for
Railwny.
Dominion $(i,j !).39 900 51
Ontario 2 229,639 02
Quebec 8 ."1.3,613 27
New Brunswick 2,73'>,000 00
Nova Scotia 818 750 00
MuDtcipalitieH 7,224 578 63
Total W,456,481 43
This sum has been spc.-nt within the last
fifteen or twenty years. Yet the country
is none the poorer; in fact, it is far
richer. The people are as well clothed,
fed and housed as they were before its
expenditure ; and are l)etter able to-day
to expend $80,000,000 in the construction
of the Pacific Railway thru they were at
any period during the expenditure of the
$87,456,481. The aid for railways was
paid in bonds, loans, taxes; but the
Dominion will repay herself the total ex-
penditure for the Pacific Railway out of
revenue received from the sales of land
J^/
rt Ocorgft;
s, Heini orti-
r l^mibton
ish Colum-
.$11,4:^0,000
. 4,4-20,000
. i».772 000
. U,)iOl,000
, , .'>.:w:),ooo
, . 13,4'20,00«
, $50»78,r>00
. . -24,800,000
t »75,778,50O
K)
lO
K)
_ 3,895,000
..1579,673.500
licli I undei-
000, for the
ctod niicl in
highest esti-
itic Railway
00 less than
^ Dominion,
cijialitics, in
'aiuula up to
pes supplied
879, are as
of aid for
Iwsy.
»39 !MH) 51
5-29,039 02
'13,(513 27
(31,000 00
ns 7.')0 00
!24 378 63
156,481 43
thin tlie last
the country
;t, it is far
rell clothed,
Ire before its
able to-day
constrnction
I they were at
liture of the
railways was
ks ; but the
I the total ex-
lilway out of
sales of land
along the line. The proponition of the
bon. mombur for liiiuibton was that
$80,000,000 would build thn Pm-ilio Rail-
way ; and I do not think that tiiuro is a
sliadow ot doubt but that th:it huui will
ba suflioieut. Sir, thin complftt's niy ro-
view of the Railway to the fooc hills east
ot the Ruelcy Mountains, and liriiigH iiie
to the motion of the hon. ineinbur for
West Durham (Mr. Hlake), who wishes
that the ruad siiould not bt) construetel in
British Columbia. TIhj Ksntleman
said, at Walkerton, the population was
2,000. I am glad tiiat hu has given us
I creilit of an increase of 10,0()0 ; but never-
I thelcss, I will emloavour tosliow that he is
as mistaken as a statistician as he is as a
statesman. I will iir,st draw attention to
some figures in regard to the imports
and exports of Rritish Columbiii, a< com-
pared with the other Provinces. I will
not go into all my figures at this late
hour, and weary Hie llou.se, but I ex-
pect the lIiiiiKitrd reporter to take them
in full, as they are tabulated in order
that this House, and this country, may
know the true lelation that Rritish
(Joluml)ia licars to the rest of the Domin-
ion. I »vill confine myself only to such
explanations as will make my statisftioa
more intelligible. The first table is as
follows : —
I
Statkment of the Iinporta ami Kxports of the Provinces for 1878-79, co npared with each other
on the bails of Population.
1878-711.
1S7J-7I).
IS78-7K. 1B78-7U.
^- 1 —
EXICHS of KxfL'SSof
1 ^-
KMtiinat- —x,
li
lis
Provinces.
Iin|uirtN.
Kxports.
luipultH
ovur \',\-
KxportH
over Im-
I'd eopii- 5 s.
litioii. u =•
5k.
I. ~
'^M
IHirts.
porlM.
■Jl I'tS.
««
sL-jii.-ji
^;3a2
.*
»
K
* I'tS.
« cts.
9 .H2(1
21,7Wl,S0:i
12,;t'l".l,020
Nil.
2,non,noii 17 iVi
ill S,'.
(1 14
Nil.
Ouubei; . . .
Nova Scot ill
;)o,'.):;4,,Hit
■2S,8SII,4!I-.!
i;,o4i,;w2
Nil.
l,."«(!0,Ol)(l 20 (U
ii» 2r>
1 :iu
Nil.
7,(Mi2,ilI4
7,;ai,"iH
Nil.
•Jii.t 404 400, (H)o 17 (!,->
18 01
Nil.
M
Nt'W 1 inswit'li...
.'■.,-2SMi,4,^.4
.'■.,^71,471
Nil.
7ri,()17 :to0,()(io 17 ti.'i
17 W
Nil.
U 'ift
Miinit 'ii
1,U0,S71
.M'i,S7;t
IU7,!>!)8
Nil. .'i i,oi)0:2-' 8o
10 2j
12 .'■.0
Nil.
l.''>,!t72
Nil.
■lir),^;! .'iO,()(M)48 81
.1-) \'l
Nil.
« 30
I-riiiLU K. Island . ,
8.Hf.,.S(lll
l,8;ii,:t8iii Nil.
nit.'>.><20 1(1(1.(100 8 :jr> is ai
Nil.
l» Itt
From this table, it will bo observed that
British Columbia, although only twenty-
two years old as a Province, stands next
to New Brunswick, and fifth in rank
among the Provinces as an importer and
exporter of merchandise. Ontario, Que-
bec, and Manitoba imported more than
they exported ; Nova Scotia, New Bruns-
wick, Prince Edward Island, and British
Columbia exported more than they im-
ported ; and British Columbia's ex-
cess over imports was nearly as
much as the aggi-e ;ite excess ol
Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.
The per capita imports of British Colum-
bia were six times more per ciipiia than
Prince Edward Island, nearly three times
more per capita than either Ontario,
Nova .Scotia or New Biunswick ; and
more than double the per capita imports
of Quel>ec and Manitoba. Her exports
per cajntfi were five times more than the
/>«/- capita exports of either Ontario or
Manitoba, and three times more than
cither Queb(!c, Nova Scotia, New Bruns-
wick or Prince Edward Island. These
are incontrovertible facts that I submit
to this House, and press upon the atten-
tion of the hon. gentleman who has mored
a repudiation resolution. I will now draw
your attention, Sir, to a summary state-
ment showing the exports of each Pro-
vince under their respective heads. It ia
as follows : —
fl
g tf,tiiiul)i. 7(iit !»;.. r>;i i , ;». 'j,-.:i. T'J i
'j;iil,4l,Si 7!»7.l>ti'-'l ft.V'Tl.MM
.•!;I.'.,!1M,-, l,HJS.!»!r>j 7!M> 7o:i
ir.;»,ii'.t (i.si.i'jr :<.
ridit.'j'.T.
47;i.7:.s
.S7!>
1h:..(»vi
i;.'()(H!'j
!'J.!i."t2
:i;i.7.vj
MfJ
Nil,
i,i:;u.(i,s.-i
'-.'.'til r.icj
Nil.
v!,.por>
Nil.
Nil.
l'J,0'J8.4()4
.•1,70(>.'J«I
;w(t,i!«i
This st,i(<'iii(MU, sliowH lliiif. Miilisli Col
uiubia ('X|u>r!i'(l (Mit> linir ui' (Ir. todil <>x
ports of (li(> jirodiii'o ot' (li»> luiiu's ol' tiu>
Dominion ; timl in tliKt cl.i.ss of csport.s
trtkos tli(> first. Viuik. Sli(> stiuuU t'.mrtli
in rank sw !in oxporlcr of ilu* urotloi-o c.f
th« FislK'rics, ainl <'xpo)'t,s liirco tin\i's
more thiin l'riiio(< Ivlw.inl Isliiiul (hut is
so urgently Hskinij; for a sii;in> of (he
Kishorv .\\vani. .\s an oxpoitor of tin-
pi-odui'o of tiic forost, sho wlands tifih in
rank; and (iftli also in runic a.s an o.x-
|H)rtor of .animals and tli(>ir jirodoi'o. In
agrionhural piodncis she is 0.0(10 in
1878-9. or tlu> total ac^regate vahu",
in th.Ht vtNir, of exports and pro
duotious for dotnestie use, !?4.r»l)0.0t)0.
Need it bo wondeivd ai, (Ikmi,
if British Columbia, with liaU' Inu-
jwpulation Indians, has conlideuce in her
Ovvn magnitioent resourees, and eontent, if
need be. to stand alone, that she is
pi\)ud of iier position ni\d po.ver ; and that
she trt>at.s with disdain those who wtuild
violate their ,iledges, and trample under
foot the most solemn obligations I 1 will
now. Sir. bring under the notice of the
House a statement of the trai'e between
British Columbia and the other Pro-
Tinees, It is as follows : —
Statement of Inter- Proviuoial Trade, between
British Columbia and the Eistcru Provinces,
sini'f 1S7I. (JiMiiln imimvlftl int'.' 00
N.ar " ls;s 1<;<.).7.':< 00
" 1,^70 I,s4.."i(;i 00
'rotjil Tinjinrta by B. C. from other
rioviu,'. •:< :?ii8;{,otiG CO
Tol.il l',\|i.uis (if H. <\ ti> otiu'i' I'rii-
viiic'iH u) goM (ir.tfti) til pay for
I iniKirt* tlSa.OOr) 50
In nuind numbiMs, Uritish (^ilumbia has
puri'h.'vs(>d, in eight yeai's and a-half, a
nnllinn dollars' worth of nien'liandise of
On'Mrio and (.^)uel)eo, principally the form-
er, and paid for it in gold, 'i'lie M},{H)0
rolumbians— whites, Chint'se and Indians
li!iv<>. within liglit years nn i:»
Kio.sll 00
r.7.iti'-' 00
i(i(K),0()0 to
ir doino.stic
th(. support
..luuiro.la of
u' dawning
with the
there are
of a white
KHte, when
elt'd, shall
tinent, the
ritern manu-
(irt, -will be
000 or more
lOTemment
is intw-pro-
forecast its
vol»nio III the fiif uro. 1ft is, novprUiHlnHd,
a growing (hiriiMtic tmdf. that will he
•wolh'ti iiit. It ia a.H foilowa :
Si ATKiiiNi' sliiivviiif^ whiil I'Mcli I'ri' ■.i<;i^ paid
\% (< iMiMii'4 iiiHi Ciiii'^iilhiali'd l''uiiil III IHi'.s.'i.
aii'l wli.il. Ili''y wiiiijil li.'ivi' |iMiil .'il IIk' r.'il''
]ifr i'n\:\\i\ paiil I'Y Hiili.^li Ciiliniiliiii, nil '"
• 'sliiii.'ili'il |M>|j|iliilioii III' r<0.oOil, iiM'liiiliii:'
lii'liiiii.> , niicl iil«iiMiii VA.OHO, hy ri'ikiniiiij.'
'.Ti.OliO Iniliiiiis i'i|iiii| lo 6,(i(Hl wliili' run
slllliri .?.
Uv.Mil.MiiiV" l""V',' ',">'
i.iil.liii I l"il'l'''l' 'I
ill C.lM Ia'|","'«, ''I'
I |-,n:liniilnil 1 /..I .,i,.i/it. i''''' l;i";i'l'i ,
' iMipiiliitI'Mi till l;..ii I l"'l"iliil
I'invlni...
IS7!>.
Cll'l DM 1
IMlil.
Oiiluriii
l^llolicr. . .
NcimS.'ipll.i
N.ltrmis'k
1'. V. InIiiiiiI
Mllllili.lrl
II.CiiIiiiiiImii
IS
4,!l|N,riI4
■i.TH.K.'.mt
i,'.!m.-.!si)
1,1111:1,117;
•.!iis,.i:iri|
27,''>,4S4
Ii',!l.l43
T.itiU.,..
l;l,(l40,Ml!
lllll"ll.
»
.11 'iKH 111.
r.!iiMi ,..■(■
ru/ittii.
41,i!.sii,iiiiil
2,11(10,01111' 'iO,sin,iiiiii
l,.'iiMi,iinii' |;-,.(i:iii,iiii(l :t|.'.!iiii,iii'ii
41111,111111: 4, HIS, null K.:l:iil,ii 'II
yiiii.iiiiiil II, r.!(i, 11:1(1, 0, ■.!.■• -'.Ill II I
llln.l'lllll I,II1j!,IMI0' '.!,IIi1. I
M.',iiiiii| f)'.! I, mill' 1,01 ',111111
MI.IMMll r>'.!l,443l 5UI,4ri I
4,4nii,i.'.
hi'C, Nova Si'olia, Nisw I'.ruiiHwirk,
Manitolia, am' I'liiK^. I'idward Island,
had paid in Ciuitoiiis into the Con.sili-
dat(»itnr ciipihi as
UritiHJi Colnnil'ia roally paid, aH,-iiiiiiM<.^
that 2.^1,000 Indians aro only ciiual to
.'ijOOO wliiro consunierH, tin*, ainoiint jKiid
hy all of tlio I'roviiu-tirt into tho ' oiiKoli-
dated Fund v/oiild havo Vfaohwi tlu;
puormous .sum of $1)1,1 75, 44I>. From
tliis statcmont hon. }i;<'ntloiiii'n, Sir, will
perceive tho afltounding disproportion
hotwt^nn tho Customs tax»« paid Hy
KritiHli Coliimhia, nud what wan paid
liy tho otiicr ProvinocK. If thoy hajil
paid in CuHtomH iIuch at $10. '1 2, the
HridHli (7olumliia jivr ni/)i/,(t, rato on a
population of rj(),lllll), tli^y would have
paid moro than tliii'n linna tho amonnt
tlii'y did ; and if on tho ri'iliiii"d liriNiH of
popiilalion for llriti.ih ('uliimliia, th«'y
would havo paid six tinna tho amount
in ('iistoma ihat I hoy did. lint, Hir,
I will not weary the lloiiso with
I'lirlluu e.xplaiiatiiaiH nndir this head,
liut I will diaw yiiiir a't'-ntioii to
another slalemeiit, ooniparin;^ tlio [mt-
cenlii;^!' "(I (/'nstoin;; eiillectt'd in I'rit.isli
('oliimliia with llial. of oilier I'loviiioi.H,
an' (lie proiiortion I ha*, the population of
tlial. I'rovi'icr' lieais lo tli< ollmr I'ro-
vini'i's. I will lead it. It, \n as fol-
Inw-i :
Si\ii;\ii\ nl' (!ii-liiiMs eiilli'di'd in I5rili..'li
Oiiliiiiiliiii iliuiii;.'; Hie (Nr.il year, !H7''-I*, rem-
|i.ir. ij Willi 111" Oll'^liailS ••■ llei'li'l ill llid
' .Mill' |i''i Hill ill ( IlltMlin, (JInelief, ,\(iva Hillitia,
.New Itni'iswiek, I'liin'e I'.dwar.l isliiii'l and
.laiiili'lia; slinwiiiK, alKo, ;|ie |irii|iiii limi iif
l>ii|>iilalii>ii ill llio.-u I'nivincus to lliitl of
111 ill II Cnliiiiiliin :
ONTAIiro.
(liilniiilii.'i I'.ii'l ill (Ji-li'iie^ nil nriKiurit
i'i|ii. In ■J(i() Oiil'iriaiis.
iVIKIlKd.
(inlniiiliiii paid in (!n-lniii^. iin aiiK'iint
eipial In 10 7-« per eeiil. nl' 111- (Jniinilljiaiis In l.'.O (Jlieli'-eers,
NOVA HCOTIA.
(! iiinilii.'i p.iiil ill (iiMliiiii-i .'111 am nnt nrpial
In '1! .'!-|n per I'.'llt. nl'llie .'^11111 paid hy Nnva
Sroiiii lli.it i-., ,'.(). Onl) ('nliiiiiliianH (iiiiii
.•?..'.' I, HI, ami 40O.O(in N(iv;i S"nliaus paid
>!|,'JI)l,'_'H:t, llie pinpnrlinn ni' pnpllla I Kin h'irig
I In ,S,i)r ."•(^i iniilii.in.s In 40 .\nva Scntians.
NKW HHI NSWl.K.
(!nliimliia paiil in < nslnins an ninnurit
eijliai Im III :t lO'l per lent nlllie urui paid iiv
New i{lUnswie!i til. it l~, i'tO.Hh) ( 1 dlllllbiailS
pai'l .i.:{l,H;{, and :!0 ,<:()() .N"W 15 nn-wickors
p ill .■<1,0():« 447, ill" I'l'ipiiriinii nl' pepnlatinn
Ix'iiih' I til »i, nr iJ (Inliiiiilti.uis to ;K> New
linmswieki'i's.
PltlNCi', EinVAIlD ISr.ANI).
Ciihiinhiii paid in ru-tmns an nmnunl
eipial tn l.'.O 1-fi per eeiii,. iimie Hmn llie sum
jiaid liy Priiuo Edward Is.aiid— llial is, i)0,000
mm
aaa
ii»ir?!:-(r^"«>i''~9Wi»*
" • wv. 'irw
^>^
8
Col«mblnn< paid $521,443, niid 100,000 Priafio
Kdsvaril I>ltiii(lur's |mi*l |i'i08,4:SM, or Coltiinliiii
I mid |A5i» I-ii Id iUWt piiiil by I'rmci- Kdwaid
s!a.i(l, (»r;Jll3,'0.") moi'i' llmn IViiioi' Kdwiinl
I«liiii(l, tlio proportiiiii ul' poiiiiliilinn Ix'iiiiit I to
2, or .5 CDliiuihians to 10 I'riiicc liilwanl
loIaitdiM'M.
MANITOMA.
Cnlniulti.'i ))Aiil in (liisloiws an .'tinoiiiil i>(|iiiii
to 87 .H-il per I'l'nl. nmrc lli.in Manilnha -Dial
is, asfininiii},' lln- popu alinn In 1"' c'ipial), (lol-
umMa pail] ijlusT Mil l" i^HW) !•> Man liil>a, or
$.'i.*l,ii:) I') ^'.'".VISJ hy Maiiil, .lia, an excess
over Ma n il.ilii of {JJI,"),'t.V.»."
TUiH st'itoMienfc \ti A> full .uid dear, Sir,
iliut it is I'nieirt'ssarv for mo to nittT now
upon Hu cxplan-ifion. I will, tlioro-
fore, ooiii' now to tlie Inland Uevennc
|)iiitl Uy ilie (lill'erent I'rov inecs, and 1
Huliuiit the followin j; .stiitcniiMit ; -
iMLinn nKvKNtJK. -KxeisivSiinrces ol' Hevenuo:
^,,ll•lls, Malt r,i(i\i(ir. Mall, ToJiaee.o, I'etro-
l(;inn l;i;;i clinn. Manulai'lnres, !r>ei/nn*s ainl
ollu-r llcivipls, is;s".».
'
\
r.st.ini!>-
I
Mnrt- 1 l,os»
Priivlm'c.
uM'll
T.il.-,!
Vi'i' OiKi) tlian
l't)|l!llll-
lAli 0.
Ciipitiki C.il- I'ol-
tion.
iiiiiIiIa! viiilliiii.
?
*
!»
»
Ontirio ....
'.',oon,«"ii
3,:is:t,.'!iri
1 11)
nri
N'il
Qucliec . . .
No\aS olin
I,.'|i0. !>(},.
i,472.:tft'.i
US
(1 :i4
Nil.
400 (ll>'>
v-'-.',"H
(1 fl,"!
Nil.
1) 01)
N. Hnius>' ill;
;\ ii,il,iU|.l
.'.■i.:!7l
n ,"iiil Nil.
14
Miuiitba
fti 1,(1(10
(>1,'.>-.>S
■ 1 (ISl 44
Nil.
B. Ciiiini! \;\
riti.oiw
:fj.:nii
114
Nil.
Nil.
In this .statement the t'stjmated population
of ♦•noli I'rovinor is given, the aninunt
paitl by eaoii I'rovinee, tiio rate prr ('■ipitu
ill Kxoiso in caeli, and tho amount pm
capita nioro or less than in I'ritish I'ol-
uuibia. It sliow.s tliat tho l']xin.s«' paid in
Ontario is ,")■') eeiitii more prr rnpitii than
in British O.ilmnliia ; 'M (KmUs more in
QueUce, 111 eents more in New l«runs\viok
and 44e. luori' in Manitoba ; and that it
is Oc. less in \ova Mcotia, and lie. less in
Prinoe Edward Island. This shows that
Hr.tish I'oiiunliia pavs more />•■)• c.ipitii in
Evcise tliaii I'ither Nova Seolia or Prince
Eiiwj»rd Island and less than the other
Provinces. What she is, however.
deti.'ient in her oentrilaition to i'lx.cise, in
comparison with some Trovinces is a ium-
dns"! times eininierl>alano(Hl by her pay-
mputs in Customs in e.xcess of all others.
Bufore hMving this ()Uestion, however, I
may remark that we had, a few
days fls^■), a discussion on the Tarilf
Th« whole energy of the (Opposition and
whole strength of the (rovernnient was
direct«Kl to one point — the Customs
KoTeniie and how it wiih levied. No one,
HO far HF 1 recollect, touched upou
ExciHe and HtampH, Hrnoiinting to over
$;■),. ')()0,UO0, nor upon Post oflice and
I'ublic WorkH, and otlier recoipts aniount-
inj; in all to over 14,000,000. My hon.
friend from North Norfolk (iVIr. ('harlton)
did iliHCUHH the sale of Crown liundii ;
but not with respeet to l{evenue. His
arjjuments were directed solely to the
busk mode of manaf,'ini{ our North-West
lands, with a view to settlement. Out of
.ii!liJ,r.l7,;iMl, the total Consolidated
Uevenue (or 1H7S-79, the C!ustnnis only
yi.'Ided #lL',!»OO,(;.0i». The diHerenco,
Jit* 10,000,000, in round numbers, i'(>mained
iin(]Ui>stion(!d, showing tin* o|iinion of the
Opposition to be, if it showed anything;
at all, that the sourties of Uevenue, other
llian Customs, as inanaired by my hon.
*riend the Minister of Kinanre, to be in
a state of jierfertion. Kven the long and
wearisome diseussion -on tla^ Tariff by
hor.. gentlemen opposite, .itnounted to
little oi nothing ; for, if they were in
othce t>)-morro\v, they could not reduce
taxation, beeau.ie tlii! oi)ligation8 of the
oountry ar« such that ta.xation cannot be
lowered ; and h.enee some other expedient
must l)i> ado|»ted to ligiiten the Imrdens of
tho people, if too oppri'ssive. We will con-
sidfT now th:' Consolidatt^d Hevcmim
and Kxpenditur(> with respect to Hritish
Cohinibia, inaHmiich as onr Province has
lieen sn,ipos(>i| by hon. gi>ntlemen opposite
to be a p(),M' contributor ; also to show the
payments reip-.ived of each I'rovinee, and
to show what llritisii Columbia is entitled
to pay as the ordinary /i to the //misdrd
reporter I'or inseition, and not ent-er upou
tli(^ full details now. 'J'he summary is as
follows :- -
SrjIMARY OK eONSOLlDATFI) It'NI>.
7'./jv.t, !S7S 0.
Cust.inis 3!l'2,nnO,0.')f>
Kxcii-e i5,:Wi,7(i3
Bui Stamps IS;'), 111!)
Total ?18,47«,618
Othtr lii'Aciptx.
Post Offi-e 1,172,418
Public Worka, iucludiug Ra Iways 1,863,149
Jifcf
No one,
(I U|>OU
to over
ice and
Htiionnt-
My hoii.
hiirltun)
liUniU ;
le. II iH
to th«
•tli-WeHt
Out of
wlidattMl
iniH ou\y
■I'limiiicd
til Oi' till!
inytliiii<{
lie, otlior
my hon.
to b(i ill
lon<; and
"rtiiir by
iiilt'd to
woio in
)t ivduoe
18 of tlie
cannot l)e
'X|n'ditMit
iirdeiiH of
will ooii-
U< V(MHi(<
to Uritish
vinoii lias
liposito
low tlin
Ro, and
iititlod
V<* of the
solidiitod
Ixiieiidi-
iiiiinary
of tiui
iiro for
//iiiistird
•t'l' upon
iry is as
NU.
ISi'),!!)!)
8,47tf,618
1,172,418
1,863,149
Intoreiti on Invtittineutii ([wrtna-
nent) 521,494
lotercati od InvcBtiriHiits (tuinpu-
r«ry) 7I,00»
Ordnanuo Laiuis 40,h4»
C'Mual 47,«2I
Promium and Diaoount 4itO
Bank liiipoH'a 2,S">.'<
Fineii, F. fffinirpB and SfizurcH ., .T2, 148
Tonnage Uius (Hiv«r I'ojuv) 21, .'{(il
do (MftiinorH' ! ind) .. .'U.Tri?
•Steamboat InMiivction . . I'i ;ui
Pinhuries 17,738
Ciillors 24.715
Militia Iti.O.MI
PenitontiarinH fill, 1 15 \
MiB«HllaiiuoiiH lluci'ipta l,),l'2."»
SMperanniiatioii 41,9.")!)
Dominion l.andH (Manit(iV)a) 23 828
Dominion Ntennioin 1,(112
Oas Ins|KK^Moii litid l.uw Stamps, . . 3,172
InBiiraiioH IiiMiK'ction (i, 134
Wuights and iVK'iiaurea 13,<)8r)
Summari/.
TaxM $18,47fi,flia
Other Recdpts 4,040,768
Total Conaolidatod Fund 922,517,381
HIMMARY OK HXVKXniTURR.
Charsas for DoUt ,ind Subsidies. . . $1 1,942,fi41
Oriliniuy Kxi.unditiiic fi,941,S77
('har^cHon Revenuo 5,5Kl,in2
Total Expenditure.
.?a4,4r)5,38«
Now, Sir, T Iiuve framed a kalmlftr Htate-
inoiit tliiit hFiowh in tlio nioHt ooncise form
poKsiljlc? what j-aoli I'rovinctt in 1878-9
oii{,'lit to liavo contriliutod to too Con-
Holidati'l7,3»2j Totnl h.|nilati..ii, 4,4<)(),00() ; .Vvnnigd \ii-vr>,38l m ; 'I'olal population 4,400,000; Averago Uxpondi-
turo, ptr mpitd, IjJS 50.
Provinte.
Ontario
CJlachrc
Nova Scotia
7i«w Brunswick
I'rinci" lOdward Island.
Mnni^ol)a
Britiali Colunib a
Appnixi-
I'>tim»ti'il
unite AVLT
I'r ;iulutioii.
iiirt' Uv\-
oiiu« ))(,'r
('it|iitii
«
2,000,000
• 5 12
l.otJOOOO
5 12
4nO,00(>
5.12
300,000
.5.12
100,0(M
5.12
.'iO.OOO
5.12
M),m()
5.12
4,400,001)
Sliiiroof Mlllt{,0(iO
2.'i(i,000
22.528.000
Aiipriixi-
iiiiiU' aver-
il,'iM'X|itn
tiii'i' p«i
l.'lllMtll.
5 51)
,5..'i()
5.A(i
5 50
5,5fi
5.5(;
5.50
I Himrf ill
KxpoiifliUiro rc-
, (|inr('il iif each
l'ri>viii<"(' aa
batiBiJonl'opu'ii.
11,120,000
8,S40.000
iJ,224.(MK)
1,0'!H, 000
5.">ll,00()
278,01
278 000
24,404,000
8ir, no HtateniitntH oan bo Bubiniktttd to
thi.s Hoiine thai show inoro correctly the
just charges for Iteveime and Exienditin'o
laid oti oaoh Province than the one that J
hare junt road to this IFonse. It shows
tliat the rate per aipitc for ilevenue is
$5.12, and the rato j>fr capita for Ex-
jieiiditiire is !?.5.,')f>, tliroughont the whole
Dominion fioin sea to sea. The burden
of taxation and e.viienditure thus rests
equally npon the entire jieople. When
however, tlie per cnpifn contribution to
the Revenue and Expenrliture of any Pro-
rince is higher than in any one or all
the other Provinces, that Province is
unequally and unfairly taxed. I admit
that it is inipos«ible to impose taxes with
mathematical exnctiess upon our whole
people. Some sections of our country
And some clafesos of our p«ople, undur our
system of taxation, will contribute more
to the lie von lie than other sections and
other classes, ami our only conrBe'is so to
impose taxes as to rest approximately
evenly on oil. iSritish C'ohiinliia, however,
is one of those sections of the Dominion
that contriliutes far more pm- aipita than
any other Province. 8hn contrilmted in
1878-9, an (jxcosis, ov«!r her just share to
the Consolidated Fund, of $21)7,762 ; and
an excc'ssi, over h» r legitimate contri-
i)ution to the Ex[jenditure, of ^275,762.
The former and following statements
|irove this clearly and indisjmtably to
thij* Jioiise ;
X'EVK.SUK, — OONSOLIDATED FUND.
ro''8l sum mpiircd of Ifritiiih Colum-
bia, to pay her xharu of Conaol dated
Fund, on basig of population,
1878-9 $256,«00
:ii I
'W*?WW !1J ' ' "'^ "^'^ -
.■ ..,-,r "/;.,, Twv-,
■'vrfr^rnmn'
;9E
sac
2iC
10
kt'
v:
Total sum actually paid by British .
Columbia, intf> Coiisoli lated Fund, '
in < 'untoms and ExcUt, 1878 9 $585,765
Toul nuin ic ually paid into Ocin-
■nlidit' d Fund by British C luinbia,
in excesi of sum required ub hi»r
•hare on baa s of pounlatiua,
1878-9 207,762
HXPKNniTORB. — SOMSOt.IDATKD FUND.
Total Bum required of British ^(dum-
bia, to tneuD hcjr sharu of expendi-
tur- on b.-is of population, 1878 9 !?278,000
Total sum ac'uaJly paid by R'-iri»ii
Columhia. in Uustoms ai d Excise,
toward DoiTiini in Exuenditure. . . . 55S,762
Tofal sum ac^ually p'lid by Hr'tnh
C'o'umf)ia, in Customs and Ex<) •e,
toward dominion Exi)eiidi'.ure, in
exce94 of aiiiDunt r'-quireJ, ou baiis
of population, 1878-» 27'>.7()2
7^1 ,■
For a people numorically so small in
comparison with tlie popnltttions of
6lder and larn;er Provinces, the con-
tribution of Bri^ish Colunil)!**, in excess
of her jusfc proportion, i.s enormous.
The oxcesji is larger t!ian tlie whole con-
tribution to the Customs llevenue by
Manito>j«, or the entire Customs and
Excise contribution ot Prince Edward
Island. Yet, Sir, not a murmur has j
been hoard froi;i Jur people. We have
borne the enormous tunh-n of Federal
taxation as a manly, seU-ndia.nt {leople.
We have only asked the Dolluni^n to
meet her just obligations to the Province;
and yet up to the present, the greatest
of the Dorai.iion's obligations has not
been met; and an lion, gentleman
opposite proposes to re)uiditrte tliat.
The hon. meinlx-r for West Durliam
spoke to-day as if his own Province,
Ontario, paid nearly everytliiiig. He
Baid she was willing to spend her
money throughout the Dominion. The
House ought to nnderstand that we haver
ceased to be provincial, and that we meet
here as representatives of the Dominion ;
that we pay taxes as the citizens ot
Canada ; and no matter what the revenue
ii,.iy bo— no matter what the expenditure
vhetUer outside, for our agency in
KuTland, or ^br purposes inside— the ex-
pt'mliture is so mucn tor British Colum-
bia, Nova Scotia, and other Provinces as
well as for Ontario. The hon. gentle-
man keeps his books in single, double
and treble entry— he keeji-i his books for
I tlie Domipion, the Provinces, the coun-
ties, the townships, and so on ad in-
i finitnm, and took occasion to read from
fthem to-day to show how much the
I other' Provinces received from Ontario.
'' Nothing oould be more subversive of
! "ood failing undm- our Federal form of
Government than parading what each
: Province contributes to the Federal
' Exchequer merely in laudation of Ontario,
and thus raising invidious distinctions
between the Provinces of this Dominion.
i None but a parish statesman couhl do
i sueh a thing. Tlie statement often marie
1 in the pre.*s, that Ontario pays all the
! Revenue, is not correct. True, she has
!a lave population, but the citizens of
: Quebec mi-rht as well say they pay all,
' because their number is also very large.
\ Later on I will deal with this issue.
; I wish now, Sir, to submit to the
House a tabular statement showing the
total ai)proximate amount of Revenue
paid bv Bricish Columbia in eiglit years
into the Federal Treasury. I will read
c-rtain portions, and hand the table to the
////(jMni reporter for insertion. It is as
follows : —
';!
!:t'
ire have
re meet
ninion ;
zens of
revenue
;iiiUtare
noy in
-the ex-
Coiuin-
riuces as
iientle-
, double
ooks for
10 coiin-
i ad in-
^ail from
iich the
Ontario,
rsive of
form of
hat each
Federal
* Ontario,
htiuctions
>oiaiiiion.
could do
ften made
's all the
, she has
ntizens of
y pay all,
ery large,
his issue.
, to the
Diving the
Revenue
i^flit years
will read
ible to the
It is as
11
Total Approximate A.mol'!:i <.r.i
;{5(i,321 74 .-iOD.dl!) •>;!
1873-4.
1874-5.
cts.
1875-ti.
8 ot«
414,331 8.')'487,0rt 34
11,181 01 14,!»13 71
1876-7
eta.
1877-8.
1878-9.
Total for
ZU(\\* yeart,
$ cts.l C ct«.
404,Sn,''> 4--' 42f.,:191 34 ,'j 4,8.'")4 Hi]
2i»,'i«l 00 2l,l)3.i 33 3l,',lti« 20
335,787 211
1 0,074 84
;i.'>il,402 13 42S„')12 8ii.'>01,B27 05!425,laU 02 470,3211 07 540,821 11 >3.302.152 80
Casual and Territohial Revenue.
Po»t-offl«e ....
777 34
10,740 00
9,504 20
12,264 11
14,074 67
13,431 03
1B,C44 61
16,791 38
Ocean
1
service , .
'24,7,32 72
12,440 20
2.975 12
13,439 84
.'',1.52 25
1,9.52 23
1 1,612 09
Telegraph. . , .
14,310 48
10,121) 72
9,489 18
9,257 0<
7,325 92
8,530 57
1 5,179 70
Harbor dues. .
12,.>13 29
295 4iJ
Miscellaneous
1,113 42
3,945 97
2,157 29
. > • > • • . - •
39 90
Share Iiitor-
est Premi'ins
7,19!) 00
0,310 00
8,415 00
11,«?4 00
13,031 82
12,881 15
11,088 82
n,''62 00
Murine fund
. .
2,349 90
1,878 09
2,012 25
2,t>05 00
Steamhoat
Inspection
405 87
449 83
342 34
020 94
PJnos, etc.. . .
3(11 70
3,271 72
7nn tU
Casual
400 75
2,440 00
725 00
9U (18
Militia
470 00
332 73
370 64
iiuperaiinu.
attun
C:!0 00
070 00
OSf) 0(1
CS8 00
7,!l7(i 34
73,720 81
44,730 49
38,559 70
5 i,255 99 ■ 43,SUIJ 74 '
40. 80 27
41.107 83
= .351,344 IT
Total .
?3,743,090 91
This statement shows that from July 20,
1871, to the 30lh June, 187!), British
Columbia, paid to the Dominion, in
Customs and Excise, the large sum
of $3,392,152.80. In addition she paid
1351,314 in Casual and Territorial
Revenue, making a gross total of her
contrilmtions, from 2()th Julv, 1871, to
30th June, 1879, of $3,743,G06.;)7. It
must appear to hon. gentlemen .somewhat
singular, if the statement of the hon.
member for West Durl,ani be tnie, tliat
our small population is only 12,000
■whites — it must appear singular how they
could have paid in those years, ne>;ly
$4,<0),000 into the Dominion Treasury.
The people who contribute tlius, without
croaking like the hon. member for L'Islet
(Mr.Casgrain), and the hon. member for
West Durham (Mr. Blake) -the people
who can show themselves willing and
generous enough to bear such a burden,
and to put their shoulder to the whetd
and pusii on the state ctir, should receive a
higher Jippreciation than has been extend-
ed to them since I have had the honour of a
seat in this House. Before leaving this
branch of my subject. Sir, I will give a
summary siiowing the total amount paid
bv ">• tish Columbia in excess of her
pru^rkionate share. Tt is as follows :
Bi'itisli ('ohimhiii (Juruifr eiglit
years, from July '20, 1871, to
Jun« 30, 1879, paid in Customs
and E.xcise into Consulidatiul
Fund $3,392,152 8»
British (loliuubia (•(Hilriliulud to
(Jonsolidati'd l'"\m(l fi'diu Casual
and'IVrrilorial lii^vciiiK^s, from
July -20. 1871, to June .30, 1879
(untlor oitiiuutcd) 3.^1,344 17
.$3,743,496 9T
Proportinnate slinro of Cnnsoii-
(Inlfd Fund re(piir(>(l of British
(lolumljia in ci^rhl vears, July
20, 1871 to June ;fo, 1879, at
S'2.i«,OflO per annum, taking the
tinancinl vpor 1878-9 fis llic
basis for I ho whole ponod 9,048,000 00
Total amount conlrihutod by
British Coliiiiillia from all sour-
ces to Consolidated Fund in
excess other |iriii)ortioiiatecon-
trihution, based on Returns of
HevcMuio lor 1878-9, in eight
yeare, endingJune 30, 1879 ...?1, 695,496 9T
Let me repeat that the revenue we have
paid in exceas of our lejaptimate shar*^
assuming that each citizen should pay at
the same rate, approximately, throughout
the Dominion, is nearly ^l J00,000, and
at the same time, we have not received
that return we ought to hare received
from the Domiuiou.
r***
liesssasssas
2tr
18
Sir albert J. SMITH : How much
I ,^. i j bave you i-eoeived ?
lii i Mr. DeCOSMOS: It is quite imma-
terial how much we have reoeiTed, so long
«s we have paid our proper share of
iaxation. We are not dealing in pro-
vincial politics ; we are not here as Pro-
Tinflials, but we are here as Fedemlibts.
The sooner the bon. member for West-
moreland takes that large view of the
matter the sooner he will cease to look at
his own small Province solely, or to eou-
ilemn u rising Province, but twenty-two
years old, that pays half as much revenue
as his does into the Consolidated Fund.
In resj)eat to Dominion Expenditure made
in or for British Columbia, allow me to
mention that there are eertuin sums of
money that are to be paid for British
Columbia that are provided for by Sta-
tute and the Terms of Union. There are
other sums that are under the direct
control of this Parliament, and either
pafly in the House can oppose them if it
pleMes ; and any vote for Expenditure
beyond the statutory provision, the
HoKce takes the responsibility for, and
not British Columbia "per »e. Now, Sir,
I have another statement showing the
amount British Columbia would have paid
in Customs duties in 1878-9 at the per
capita paid by each of the otiiar Provinces,
am' also the amount she would have paid
at ihf average per capita i-ate of the Do-
minion, and also the amount British
Columbia paid in excess of each of the
other Provinces and Dominion at their
respective per capita taxation rates. I
will read it. It is as follows :—
Statement showing the amount thai British Coiumbia would have paid in Customs Duties in
1878-t>, at the rate per capita, paid by each of the other Provinces; and, also, the
amount she would have paid at the average per capita rale of Customs of the Dominion ;
also the amount British Columbia paid in excess of each of the other Provinces and the
Dominion ut their respective per capita Customs Tax Rate.
i^:U-"
I liritish ; .
ICi)l'nih'a Cust'ms' Ciist'ins
Betimated Population, Indians t'uat'ms Ontario
and WhitM.
per
capita,
I Sill 42
per
capita,
s'3 00
60,000 • 521,443 153,000
BaUi'ice that would not have^
been paid by British OoUnn-|
bia if Customs had been eol-'
lected at the respective ratesi
of Taxation for other Pro-]
vinces and the Dominion...: ' 363,443
♦Quebec,
I per
capita,
I 93 07
a
198.500
Cust'ms CuBt'm \
Niiva
Seotia,
per
capita,
S3 16
New
Bruns-
wick per
capita,
83 07
152,500 183,000
322,943 368,943 337,943
,Cust m»
Manito-
ba, per
capita,
S9 14
457,000
64,443
Custtns
Cufit'mR average,
Total I 521,443 521,443 521,443 621,443 5214431 521.44
RK.ls
.id, per
capiti,
S2 lU
109,500
411,943
|)er
cai>ita,
DoiniB-
ion,9330
«
175,000
.^46,443
.■.■21, 44.! I .5-21,443
I have prepared these figures in order '
that this House may understand the true i
financisil position of the Province of
British Columbia. I have prepared these
with the view that hereafter the croukins;
against that Province, may cease. To
illustrate my object, T will tell a story : \
I once heard of a jterson who lived in |
South Carolina, on the edge of a swamp.
The frogs were very numerous, and
greatly annoyed this man, and prevented
him from sleeping at night. He tried I
«very expedient he could thiuk of to stop
the frogs froui croaking, and finally he
hit upon the plan of constructing a huge
lantern, aiul wlienever the frogs began to
croak, he opened the door ot" the liMitern,
throwing a flood of light upon the
denizens of the swump, and reducing them
to silence at once. I sincerely hope the
statements I have made here to night, to
throw light upon the finances of British
Columbia, will have the eifect of stopping
this eternal croaking that we have heard
in this Parliament from time to time, up
to the present day. My hon. friends op-
posite, and notably the hon. member for
Durham, have been talking about rail-
huge
tjaii to
witern,
the
gthem
pe the
£»ht, to
British
opping
heard
me, up
ids op-
jer for
it rail-
1
way expenditure in British Columbia,
surveys, and all that nort of tliii:g. I
have endeavoured to find out the total
amount of ex|)enditure' in that Province
for Pacific Railway surveys, and will give
it shortly. Sir, though thore have been
three Governments in existence since the
arrangement was entered into, to com-
mence construction of the Pacific Rail-
way in that Province, yet not a pick has
been struck in the ground in tlie way of
construction, not a shovel ful'. of earth
has been lifted ; not a cart full of earth
or htone has been carried ; not a culvert
has been built, not a bridge erected, not a
tie laid, not u rail stretched ^ — nothing has
been done whatever ; yet we have been
told here that a large sum of money has
been exf)ended in surveys. Now. before
I name that sum, I will call the attention
of the House back to tlie time before
British Columbia entered the Dominion.
We find such men as Sir George Cartier
saying that all the money expended for
surveys should be charged to the company
who was to undertake the construction ol
the road. When the Allan Charter was
granted, all expenses for surveys were to
be borne by the parties holding the char-
ter. Hence the charging of surveys to
British Columbia is wrong in principle,
and contrary to the utterances of Govern-
ment in Parliament. I will show this
House, nevertheless; on the basis I have
just presented, that British Columbia has
paid dollar for dollar, and more, into the
Dominion Treasury for every dollar ex-
pended in connection with the Railway
surveys in that Province. I will show
you also what we paid in excess. I draw
attention to the following statement,
namely :
STATKME^T showing surplus paid by British
Columbia over her fo j-rt^n contribution into
Coii8olidat-d Fund, compared with Railway
Expenditure in and for British Columbia up
to June 30. 1879.
Surplus of British Columbia over
pro rata contribution (see for-
mer statement * $1,695,496 97
Total Railway Expenditure in
and for British Columbia, di-
rectly to June 30, 1879 1,499,956 19
Balance in excels of Railway Ex*
penditure, held by Dominion
Government 195,540 78
A large proportion of this money for
Railway surveys was squandered, first,
through incompetency, and in the next
place this money was not all expended in
Poire u.
British Columbia. In making this state-
ment Idonotexpect you to believe that lac-
knowledge it to be incumlient on British
Columbia to pay anything more than her
pro rata share to the Consolidated Fund,
I want, however, to show you that after
deducting this vast sum for Railway sur-
veys, $1,499,956.17, from the surplus in
our Treasury, there is $195,540 to the
credit of British Columbia, showing that
the Railway surveys in Columbia ac-
tually cost Canada, as a whole, nothing.
Yet, we have t'le hon. member for West
Durham, and all the brilliant lights around
him, condemning the construction of the
Railway in British Columbia, and at-
tempting to repudiate the solemn obliga-
tion entered into between Canada and
British Columbia, and Lord Carnarvon.
We had yesterday and to-day, a long and
elaborate speech from the hon. member
from West Durham, and in it the hon.
gentleman made a statement that the
total population of British Columbia was
12,000. I presume it has not been
denied by anybody, and T am sure, for
the ]turpose of reviewing his statement,
I will not. I find in my notes that I have
headed a table founded on this statement,
•' Blake the Statistician," of which the
following is the substance: If only 12,000
people paid .§521, 443 into the Customs,
the }>er cnpila rate would be .$44.43 ;
12,000 paid §32,319 in Excise, the per
capita would be $2.70; total sum paid in
Excise and Customs, §553,762 ; hence
total per capita of the population at that
rate, $47.13. Now, if Ontario with an
estimated population of 2,000,000, paid
an equal per capita sum in Customs and
Excise into the Dominion Treasury, as
British Columbia on the Blake basis, she
would have paid $94,2(50,000 ! I think
if we had all that money in our Tieasury,
the genial face of the hon. the Minister
of Finance would be lit up with unusual
pleasure, and he would then have no
difficulty in pu.shing on to completion all
the great public works this country has
ever dreamed of. Now, Sir, we will con-
sider the cost of the Yale-Kamioops
section of the Pacific Railway. I am
not in possession of the statistics that
were used by the hon. the Minister
of Railways yeste''drt;y, and subse-
quently by the hon, the Minister of
Public Works, but, knowing the country
through which this section of the Railwaj
£S333
M
14
:'
^^a
■will ]iaps, I PStimatP, thiit when complotod,
it will not cost tliia country over
$8,000,000. I liiivo Ix-ard a KentU-man,
•who is soMK'whsit familiar with railwuys
wtato it wiMiM not (!ost over ST.OOO.OOO.
:Uut I liaveatora8 in exce^s
cf the proportiona e cun ribu-
tiona to the Consdidited Fund
required of her on the basi* of
the annual ave-age /xr caj>'da
Customs Tax of the Domini, n,
namely. S34G,443 in five ye»rs,
from 1880 to 1885, {Set prevhua
atatenifntx) * $1,732,215
1. British Columbia Loan Act. 1863,
for £50,000 sterling, expir s
July, 1883, 80 there will be 10
per cent. Sinking Fund and
* Pa«e 12.
Interest saved in 1883 4 and
18815 60,000
3. Vaicouvcr Lon Ac^, I8«2, for
i,'40,000 s erliu>;. ex|iiri).>« in
Apr I, 1882, HO ihcre will bo
saved in per cent f 'r Inte'-oit
and tSii'kin^ Fund for 1882-3,
1883 4 und 1884 o 60,000
Total n '0. ipts «nd Saving.. $1,842 215
Total InteicH 4 \eirH on Kxpcndi-
tui o of $S 000,000 620,0(H)
Total Exc 83. i>nid Vy British Ciil-
umb'a after piyu',' tlie interest
(I 1 ^.S.OlXt HI 4 yoikrH, on Yhle-
Kmnlo.pa Railway $1,222,215
I think, Sir, that I htive now done what I
jiroinised. 1 have shown tiiat wlu'ii the
Yalc-Kaniloops section shall have been
completed, the total interest on the capi-
tal S8,0t)0,000 — invested in its construc-
tion and completion, namely, S*' -0,001),
will be rejiaiil by Ihilish t'olumbia ; anil
tiiat tint ttital amount of receipts in excess
of her ;>»V) viit.d civ.lribution fur Customs,
to Consolidateil Fund, and tin iving
on Kxpirini,' Loans, will be, between
IS.SO and 18S5, 61,842,21."), leaving a
balance, in ctxcess of the interest, in the
Dominion Treasury of !p 1,222, 2 If). Now,
Sir, it will be perceived that British
Columbia has no desire to oppress i\uv
portion of the Dominion to co'istruct the
Pacific Railway from the Pacific to the
Piocky Mountains. All she asks is for
the Dominion to use her credit in raising
the funds, and to exercise a wise and
economical management in the construc-
tion of the Y.l'>Kamloupa Railway.
The total annual interest on its cost of
construction, after completion, will be
$320,000, and, if the road were not to
earn a sufhcient surplus to meet the in-
terest, the .*1, 222,215 referred to will pay
the whole for five years longer, when the
increased contributions to the Dominion
Treasury will continue to pay it and the
interest on the extension easterly
and westwardly. I regret that the
hon. member for West Durham is not
here, for I wish to refer to his remarks
about the vast sums of money
Ontario and Quebec contributed to this
enterprise. But, Sir, no statistician, no
actuary, could, by any possible means,
discover the sum these two Provinces
respectively paid into the Dominion
Treasury, ex cept as given in the Returns.
The hon. gentleman gave us figures show,
ing that the total charge against Britisb
15
J^//
60.000
60,000
M,84J'J15
6'J0,0(»0
le what I
v'licu the
ive Ijeeii
th« capU
coiistnic-
;()-JO,0()l),
bia ; and
ill excess
Customs,
b .living
botwi-eu
I'living a
st, ill the
If). Now,
, British
press i\uy
itriict tlie
ic to tlie
;k8 is for
u raising
wise and
construc-
;,Hilway.
cost of
will be
not to
et the in-
will pay
when the
!)oininioa
and the
easterly
that the
m is not
remarks
money
to this
ician, no
I means,
rovinces
)ominion
Returns.
'68 show-
it British
Columbia, from all uources in oxcpsh of '
Receipts, whs soiiu) $814,000 in eight
years. But I hiive siiown that, accord-
ing to my way of treating that Rulij«'Ct,
which, 1 think, is the corr. ct one, that we ,
are not iiide tteil in that smn, nur any ;
sum, no matter how many similar Htatt;- I
mi'iils my hon. friend may make. I'mt I ;
will assnnif, for ar;inmfiir sake, tliat I>rit
ish CoJuiiiltia has reetsved, in excss ot
what she paiil into (Iir DomiiiionTr'aswry,
on tlio pro rida of the l)()ini!iion, ■'?'',-
000. Now, any statHsman wortliy of tlm
name, looking upon that vast I'lovinee,
only twenty years ohl, woulil have said :
This toiul snm of iji.S in,()U(», at the end
of eiglit years, will ammnit to !^.';.*i,(j()0 a
year at \ y^'v cent., and the ])ri!sent popu-
lation , were, in
round numbers, .$8,400,000 ; anrl the' ex-
penditure for Salaries, Public Works, In-
terest, etc., $8,.^(i0,000. Thus .showing
that thi» great milch cow of Oniario has
received dollar for dollar, and more than
she contributed in taxes in tliat year. Of
what then has she to complain ? For what
reason shall her public num attempt
to dominate this Dominion, and
insultinudy tell smaller Provincen in
the language of the late Govern-
ment to Lord Carnarvon : " Jt is
esiiHcially the duty of the smaller Pro-
vinces to defer somewhat to the opinions
of the older and more populous Provinces
from which the Revenue for building all
such public works is derived ?" "The
sooner the systematic delusion of Olitaiio,
that she is the great milch cow, is blown
to the winds, the better. The two millions
and-a-half of Canadians outside her bor-
der will not submit to be treated as though
they were objects of charity, and that by
a Province that never had a surplus dollar
in her Treasury, till after she had united
with them. I now propose, Sir, to speak
about the Carnarron Award. We have had a
;
\V
■
'•5SSB«p«W>wr-
.-^a^J W W jy: .v -^lw^^-'-r.
'^ "^^ ' """" 'I.JWSII.*,' JJ?
Irt
hn
t
1 1 OHM', liy ll>»' l»«»». tuiMnliiT lor Went
(tiicltiHW, ll<> |)iti|)imi>N (t) ri<|iniliiil<> I Ni)|
oitMi iilili^itlinn. Ili> |irii|iimif> HiulwiivclmiMi' III lIu'lN't'iim ul' I'ltioii,
r«»\il «lt»\» (l(«> rmivm \t>n Axvinil, imiI'Ii' iii
(lovonuuont Iril l>y llii< hon. iiii'miImm' for
liHi»l»(o\'.. 'I"l\i> lion, ini'itilifi lor \V«>hI
Ptirltiutt nppiMn^A on (ln< I'm li'ni>iM\li>r\
Mi«jj»> this ScHMion ii\ two mtv ilisliml
(vuMm : one. i»H \\mui1 proMcrx i r ; lln> ollu'i'
i»H AwHiil lni'i\lM't, lion. i>rn(|i'\»n'n. Sir,
will vocollivl ll»«( (1)0 l>on. nit')«ili( r loi
Alm»u\u nioxi'd I'oi- i« ( 'oinniitliM' i»l(or<« ronnt'olcil \\i(li (lio \\\^
i>\itril l>o\iniliuv ol (>n(inio. « hi tltnl ofcn
Mon lln» lio>\. luiMnln'i lor \\ os( |>iivl\inn,
(««|M>i >l<'i| l>v tl\<> Uon. niiMnUiMM lor llodi
woll. Kl'jiu. i»nil I ,onl»(on, oppoMnl \W
«»otuM(>M\iii'ini« t( i>H itn a(ti'in|»( to
violati* i\ HoK'nm i'onM'i\l\on, i\s Ihooiilcr
injj \M>iltf<' to l>r<\»K lln' Ontnni* Honuilnrv
A^VlO^^, i\n>l oowi'hul"'-! \w< '.pcccli l>v »n»
i>i>»sNinj{ tlH> Uonso « nil tin' nctv-sNity ol
m!«\nt!\>nini; iy AvmiiiI in(i\iM,
us it w^js •' \nlint(«'lv nion' (niporlMiit in
\t,H n\o\t\l tl)!»)\ ii\ its inHloritil aspoot," lliul
frtit)> shoulvl W ki'pt with OntiU io in tliitl
mattin'. fo I'lill ol' sauitlx t'crxonr «livl (lw<
hon. j{'«'nllouu\>\ uppt-.n. sot'xoivi^oil nocuu'iI
his vijjhtoovis ,sonl oxo> tlio possilnlity of
tliMtvnUuvc tho Onlano l*.Mnnl.tr\ Awat-ii
bv jji-j^ntnxij « Ooiu»«ilt«MM : whut IK liuv, r*i!<(» a\\\\ snpcorf,
Th»t to tho hptjjlit of tliix -n'rtt »rj{un\»>«t
1 m*y »»st>rt otornn' ProTuli'tioo,
Anvl jnstjty the w«yf> ot (Jvni to men."
Thi» Uo\»!«t\ howovor. thvrood that th(^
motion nhoiiUi ho oarriod : st> \\\\ tlio luou-
tnl rti^Mxy of tho hot\. nu>tnht>r foi- Wi\st
Durham, o\oit(\l hy a majority of this
Houso who wiMV svx lost to tln> samo Itigh
scnso of pu»v intornatioual tuorality as
that whioh s\v»>lU\i his jmtriotio hoson»,
stvmcd wast«Hi till tho roluvs ot his
^vithotio «pjH\-\l >v(Mx^ oaujjht up hy tho
{ilohe And spiVAii tar an«i wivlo thwughovit
the lAmi. Tho bon. jjtMxtloman. howovor,
has now apjx'aivil in tho pjirt of A wan!
bwxakor. Ho se«Mns to have foi^otten tho
pure dvvtrines of international morality
that he, with the assistance of his hon.
friends from R.>thweU and I^riimbton, had
^>plied to the Ontario Bonndary Awaixl.
Wh'Mlhoiippllixl lho<<«t tloolriiii*'*, nodiitihl
III)' niolion 1)1 IholiiiM. tniMnhcr for AImoiiiii
in tdi< him It'cl nIi'U : Ihn pimMiltilil y iif
loHin^ I 'MI.OUO Mipiaro idIIi'm of Ittirilniy
Hwiii-iloil (o t )iiinrio, lli'il .liii|){i> Armour
iinil •lnil>ri' llinmay, oonniiiinplitv*'il l>y
llti< liil)> Pohilniitn IhtxiMhini'hi, timlilit'd
I'iM'iMitly Ihiil thilano xxmm not <>nlilli>il to,
xvii'« inili'i'il II lii'Hxy pioHpi'i'lixf hloxv lo
Oiitariiin mipn inm v. 'riiiil. iiuiy puilinlly
acfoinil lor llio lii^h nionil Mliiml ln liy
iho lion ini'iiiliir im W'ikI lliirlukiii on
(lio t liiliirio IIoiiiiiIkix Axxaiil miiAxxmiiI
llial.liy hiH oxxii Mi|iiiiir, xvhon lln> t)o»(«i ninriil.
proposi'M (o Kt'i'p I'liiili XX i(li UriliHli I 'oliiin
Inn. to ahilo lix llio t'nriiinxon Axvunl, to
voio $l.ll(IO.(tO(»l'or Kailxvay eoiiMlrni'lioii,
Iho lioii. inomlicr for W'imI I •nrliiinn'Miin'H
I'orxxaiil to liri'alv, lo rrpinllnlo (lio I 'iir
mirxon Axvunl I hut (ho ImIp < ioxiMiiinniit
iiocoplcil iiH a Mi'(tlirnalioniil moriilH and iipplioN
(hoin lo (hi< C.irnarxon AxvartI lo aii'iniiit
(or hr» t'lianm' i'> opinion in a f(>xv xvorkH
xxith roKpeot (i- liilornalional Axvardi, or
\i\ jnstify luN ooniHo ; liul ho iminifoHlK,
hy tho pnidiiolion ol hiu iii'Moliiliitn to
postpono Uailxxay oonM(nio(ioii, miioIi a
i-oniarkahio olian^o in hin <'odt' of intor-
slalo morals as oan only ho ovpluini'd hy
hinisolf, and I hon I ho piihlic may dooido
xvluMhor his inlcriiiitional nioraliiy in (H* iH
not " falsi" and holloxv." 'I'lii' piirla lakou
hy (ho hon. pMilloman, rospooiinn tho On-
tario IU)iindaiy Vxvanl iiiul tho t^iriiiirvou
Axxiini, roinind lao Homoxx-hatof unolhur
groat liot\>\nior roforird to iu tho oitnplot
v>f U.aholais :
"Tho Hovil WM lick, tho l)ovil a uink
>xouhl Ihx ;
" The l),tvil WM woU, tho Dovil a laink
w«a ho."
Ihxfort^ I itxnolmlothishrrtnoh of my anhjeot.
Sir, I ilosiiv to driixv ntill furthor th« aV
ty.i
K Hint
a uinfe
|HI|l))flOt,
tiio a^
>|>inionB
in
if it,
|1, wore
^nd be-
the
for
kmbton,
ttiU HN<Hiii0 lliKOiiUrlii noun-
(Jury Awtml, nml In » t'uii)|iiii Imoii of \\\v\t
Uilol'IIIMO'N on tilllli IH'I'UHiun wIlli tlio
(MMII-MO llll>/ MI'M now |MltNllillf( ill
Miili'Hvnt-liiK I)) rn|ini|iittfi Mm < Irtriitd viiii
Awiinl NM wkII mm lliit linilwiiy rlmiM* or
tlio T)iiiMMti'hm-
iiimlv, wtUiiii Iwii yiMMH lioiii lliii iliilii iif
(liiloii, of iliK niiii«|,nii>iliiii iif « rnilWAV friirii
iilii> l'nit|||i> liiwiinU till' liiM'ky Mini Inlim, mikI
friini Mill li iMiiiii AN iMiiy lii< n^Idi t«nlinKii| iif III |i tall 4 iiHiliililit with
t.li)< MnilMny*yM imii \\\ Cniiiulii, nn>l hirtliitr to
R«ii l.|it> i niiiiI :
" Till* Tkiimi* of HiiliMi nni ill IIik iiKtiir* of
ft 'I'n'iity,"
t will givn yon tlio o|iiiii(iii of luioMior
Oovnrniir, Hon. Mr. ltnli>llii, on tint lliitiHli
0(*luniliiii i|nihI Dnrliiun (Mr. Ulnkn) iind tiio
hun. inntnlKn' for VVoHlintnnland (Hir A.
J. Btnitli). I iinil that llm lion, nioinbor
for WohI Dnrlntin on that ouuaHion UHod
UuH languago :
" Wore not Hon. ineinlMm juRt'fiod then in
Mking for further information bufure takinu
this irrovookble utep. If this inonaure shoulil
beoomn law, the faith of the Dominion woiihi
b«plighte Itnllway
in liin I'l'oviimn of ItiiliHli (!olnni''ia. Ilfl
nIiiMmI, in IH7I, llial llm 'IVrnm of Union
ninid not lin liroknn " wiUioiil llm doiiNMnb
of iliilinli Ooliiinliia ," and ynl without
Imr I'oiiHtnil lio iillinl rK rrvittioii* (wmM lini^n nlTnoi. ) th»
wiltt'ii rofiii'il nliiim itoiilil loll, nml tlii
woriU of till' l!n«'iliil,ion w< ral t«i tlin lni|ianal
llovnriiini'iit, "
'I'lm iindorNlan'ling of llm lion, nmrnhm'
for Wi-idinorolaml waH ihoii, that lliiit
'iVi'aly wiot a liinding ohli^nlion on IhiH
l>oiniiiion ; ynl Hlraiign an il niiisl no«r
a|i|i«-nr, llm hon, miiinhor for Wi-Mtinoro-
laiid wiiH llm grtnllnninn who N«-<;ondnd (/•-
day llm lltmoinlion of llm I'oii. m«nnl>«-r
fur Wm»1 liiM'liatn n-jindialiog il, W*
liavn ill llmHn oxlrnctH llm o|)inioiiHgiv(in,
niim yi-aiH ago, liy tIm hon. nmnilcirH for
WomI l)iirliiitn and Wonlnionfland fwi to
llm liinding forno of llm 'I'roaly of Union \
and wo liiivn llm utmxaniplod Hpoolaflln,
III day al'lor Hovon y<*aiH conliniionH vio-
lation of llm'I'orniHof Union, inoludingfive
ynara' adniiniHlrali'ni of llm nov(!rnnmiii
ihny Hii|i|iort4;d, and of whiidi lli«!y lia^l
biii'ii iimniliorH — of thd Helf-Manmhon, [tf'W
llntiK'ii HhamnliiHHly moving and H(;r;ondiiig
a iTHolulion lo uorilinun to vioialo that
Holninn and binding obligation. I wIhIi
now to draw tlin attention of Iho HoiiMe
lo the nllorancRfl of the \\u\\, rnnrnlier
for itolbwcll, on the quoHlion of the
Ontario iJoundary Award rainod by rny
hun. friend from Algoma, thix Hfrnmon,
andaf^ply the principlen he !iaH expresNed
to the coiirne the hon. gentltsman and
other inenil>eni of the Opposition are now
puFHuing in respect to the Carnarvon
Award. He Haid, on page 64 of the
Hatiaard, thiH year :
"I am opposed to the Committee for which
i
^1
■■ •*t-!«w«»«r«""S?T««r~*
■ "; .<)jpu,,.,. Br yti. w ^'ji l ,» i| | W l. l ». ' - "
^¥
M
\\i
ill %
the hon. 'gontlemnu uk* in hii mntion. I
think, Sir, that the I'arliameut of l'«u»iU, or
at all «]V«nt«. the O'lvermneii o( C'anaila, «r«
in honour and iii Ko.ifi ftith bound bv the
Award I the Arbit Atora appointed lu decide
Chiaiiutstionof boundary."
Now, Sir, 1 iiuiintttin that, if the languago
used h»'re in correct, tw regiinb tlio
Ontiiri(» Houiifliiry AA'iufl, it is Htill inor«
correct iiinyard Then why is it not
" a flagrant breach of faith" not to pay
the Carnarvon Award / Tho principle i.s
the satne. He says : " Tho Alinisters
are solemnly bound by any action of a
previous Government." Then why did
the Government of which he was a
member not carry out tho Hail way clause
of the Terms of Union, if the obligation.s
of a Government are not ended by a chango
of Ministry i If the obli<,'ationa of a
previous Government are not ended by a
change of Ministry, why is the hon.
member for West Durham, and tho
entire Opposition, trying to prevent the
present Government Iroin carrying out
the Carnarvon Award that was made and
accepteil by the Government of their
predecessors, of which the hon. member
from Bothwell was a leading member ?
He says, that tho Ontario Boundary
Arbitrators gave the question their
fullest consideration. So did the late
Government the Carnarvon Award.
Yet the hon. gentleman and his friends
propose to reject that Award, if possible.
Mr. Mills adds :
"To sanction the appointment of 'his C!om-
mittee to seek to set af ide the Award of these
gentlemen, would be as great a wrong, as
gross a breach of fait'i, as if one Administra-
tion of this country were to .,^odia e the
public debt incurred by another Administra-
tion, or do anything which, in the public
^-cimation, it is derogatory for a Government
to do.
" I think this House oaght not to grant
this Committee ; such a Committee cannot,
without; dishonour and bad faith, be ap-
poin ed."
Kt'v, what has been the whole course of
f j the hon. member for West Durham ? It
^asbeon, e^er since 1873, an attempt to
relax and repudiate the original Terms of
Union. It is now to defeat, if possible,
the attempt of this Government to fulfil
tho conditions of the Carnarvon Award, [f
it would be *• a great wrong," " a gross
breach of laith," to repudiate the act of a
former Government, what is the motion of
,the hon. member for West Durham to
10
:^/r
littonn of tlio
innll luPttHure,
wite unitedly
r want tho
to Ih) recog-
tli« Ciirniir-
IcMniin Hiiys it
lint breiich of
1 not paid tho
kliy iH it not
ii" not to pay
10 principle ia
Tho MinistefH
iv action of a
hen why did
:'h lio was a
iliiilwiiy clause
the obligations
led by a change
iyationa of a
lot eniled by a
' is the Hon.
lani, and tho
;o prevent the
I carrying out
was made and
nient of their
R hon. member
ding member ?
ario Boundary
question their
o did the late
^rvon Award,
nd liis friends
ird, if possible.
lent of 'his Corn-
Award of these
eat a wrong, as
one Adtniois'ra-
to . .^ndia e the
:her Administra-
in the public
or a Government
ht not to grant
mmittee cannot,
d faith, be ap-
hole course of
Durham ? It
Ian attempt to
Iginal Terms of
eat, if possible,
Vnment to fulfil
Won Award. If
long," " a gross
Ite the act of a
lis the motion of
^st Durham to
atop Railway construction in British
C/olumbia, but an attempt to commit " a
great MTong " and " a gross breach of
faith." If the appoinmient of a Com-
mittee to enquiro into a matter of which
■nearly the entire House is ignoni t, can-
not Ik) made "without dishonour and bad
faith," how can hon. gt'nth'incn opposite
free themselves from the cliaigc ot "dis
honour and bad faith," when tlu'y aftenipt
to repudiate tlie conditions of the Carnar-
von Award, of which no hon. member is
ignorant 1 Mr. Mills goes beyoml this,
and says :
" If the Gotrernment think that the Arbi-
trat rs were bribed, or that they wi r-j who ly
inoompeteot men, then they ought to ansuiut)
the responsibility of operii g up the quuttioD,
only with the consent of the other pa ty, —
and by obtaining information thnuuh the
priip r ohauoels, instead of appointing a
ijommitt e — a coume which can Ivad to
no hu)g but delay in the confirmation of the
Award."
I am willing to concede the right of ask-
ing for a relaxation of the 'IVrins of
Union. The mission of Mr. Edgar for
that purpose, however, as is well known,
failed. What attempt has been made to
get the consent of Bri;! h Columbia to
the Re.solution of the hon. member for
West Durham 1 I< one. But h n. gentle-
men opposite do noc propo.se to ask any
relaxation. They will not even recog-
nise the relaxation of the Carnarvon
Award, that extended the time from 1881
to 1890 to complete the Bailway from the
Pacific Ocean to Lake Superior only.
They pro{H)se to repudiate all railway
obligations to British Coli'-nbia. That
Province surrendered certai.' rights and
revenues to the custody of tho Dominion,
and has fulfilled all her obligations, and
expects the Dominion to perform her
obligations. But hon. gentlemen oppo-
site want to hold the surrendered rights
and revenues, and repudiate the obligji-
tions they incurred. It is quite natural
then for us to state that we have not, as a
Province, violated our obligations; and it
is also quite natural that we should exact
from the Go"!'ernmont a fulfilment of
theirs ; and if they are unprepared to
fulfil their obligations, let them aid the
Province in separating from the Union
The whole of British North America is
not yet consolidated. There is an out-
lying Province, Newfoundland, that is
not within tho Confederation ; and hoir
can we expect the Province of Newfound*
land to enter a Dominion that has
violated its solemn pledges over and over
again. The bad faith of hon. gentlemen
opp( site tends to destroy all hojw of the
eonipli^te consolidation of British America.
I will next take the utterances respecting
the Boundary Award of the hon. gen-
tleman who proposed tho repudiation
Ile.solution to-day, On page 7"J of //«»-
H(inl^ this year, that hon. gentleman
htated :
" A very great responsib-Iity in asanmed by
that 3nuct .v, whatever its rank in the scale of
natidDs, u hi h declares it will aot be bound by
the resuUs of a tolerau convention.
"I esteem t is in the same light aa a oonren*
ti'« lA n A ' lavi^M-il ot th« AwAi'd •• «
thiktt M th« Hon. Wfrtih'r fof Htith^fll (Mf.
" \ i»iiy thin owfKtiott »T>»tii. with »T«|'»>'>1 to
th« (Jt rtf till* >w M if th»> Utiv»>t«mBMt of tli»« lUy limi
cen r«'»nmhi#> for th»* oHninal ooMMMiMlim.
Nrt h>in. Ront'f'Wftn op|>o«it«' o• tlmt thn
pr*i»»«t Urtv«>nimrnt, i^r *«>• of pottp •,
•»r nnv tho I »• ^n wi»« 'hptJuvi'vn
wp»it if ivy Iv^n fnwMi (rom l,(imn(*i» to th<> <«»«« of thi« comnii««Um «nd it«
Thr"w> m-** tho «ffoi'nt\(»«»n of 1li(< h.>n, >n'"
tli'iMini Nvlio i^ivlm^'iJ ti> (inA .timf ho wonlil
i\Ot ht> Uoi\ni{ hv thoso HoltMun oMinnlionw
tx> l^iitish Tohimhirt. U will Im> ohnivvod
fhrtt tlio lion. iMcmlMM- 1Ri^^J{ fho Hiiition oi' <1\<> hoi\. m'li
tln«nnfiM Algonin for iM'onn\\iUi><> 1o cm
•ini'>> in<<^ ;»U imUttM-i ii>«]i»>i'in\y tlw
IvMindiW) of Oiiiimo. siu.l \\\\\\ ihci-o \vi»h
"ftqvtosfion of intcvMixfioii!)! numdiiy "
tx> Iv i-\M\si(1o>v«l. Uwf. Siv, ho hn» \wA
mtostit>n<\>' ^vnn(in>i iv Toni
Mxittpt fo onm\uv n^^^^ ni;(t1ovs oonnoolod
with (ioii!«l n\oi-.\li
K"vhU> vn\Wo\(!(kos n>ak f-tith with
l^vitish Oolninhi.i, without mxM touohing
on tho nioi-:*! ;isp(vt of tlio (i^ostion. I
tAk«' it> Sir. t'^ ho tlio ihity ^^f o\ovv hon.
jjrPiuion\<>n in this Honso to ilo iill in liis
^viwov to o,nis«» tlio lVi\ino«>N (o lo\o oiu h
vUhf'v, assist o.ioli othor. «nvv1 of «Mir »H>in-
nion *v«ntvy. Uut tlio iMiirs-e of tho hon.
jjont Ionian is tho wry wwrso. It is to in
»iiu^ tho riH>viinVs to li«to OiU'h oth<'i.
He sA>s th«t tho pvsont t>o\wnn\ont is
no h-'s.s K>uiui \\\m\ tho liovonunont
v>f tho hon. monilxv for l/\inbton f>ir
tho issno of tho Uonn^huy v'oinimssion
*n«i Its «>->nyequoTn\»s. t>n tho ssnno prin-
ciplo ih«» pivsonHvovorninont is Knind hy
the Onvnarvon Awar.l and its ^^nlso
^ufncos; And yet tho hon. gt^nth^nan tv-
p«di)»tos tho kttor, *iui n|.liolds tlio
foimoi. It is kmontrtWo to snpyin^ tho jvvsition of tho h(MV
gf^ntUman i-odnooii to so ptiaWo ;» condi
tion. He also stAted :
" Mv msxwkI pTy>poMtl<^r in th«t*if it be prv*
not t.> ratify th« Awnrd, bnt to open the
qnrnMnn unitlti, %w\ thfnw llt«l IttntrtittiRtif'
•>ii1v, Dtich % iti-npdMl i« that iht.ultl lt« itiitil«
«i|)on thn ri>i|tiniin, InHtond of itinvinn \\ Ho
pndiniion McHolnfioti, oiiKht to htivt^ itfiicil
tho tlovovntnont to to niiou flic i|tt«>M(Joti
of tho oim«tviiotio»t of til w riioUlt! Hull
wiiy with lhitl«li foliunhin, rtinl oui^ht (o
liii\o inovoil, "with nil iho mnvity bih'Ii
II oonvso of no! ion tlomiiinlM." Hut llio
oonim> inloplod hy lnlUl is
not F»tntosinniililnitioH to iho Awfiiilf
All ho did wim to ollor !lf7."tl>,(l(H» hr ooiti-
)ionstition for nil fntmi' dolnys tlint inif(lit
tiiUo |>lnoo i-ospooliiiyr tlw oonq( motion of
tho Wiiilwny in Ihiiisli t'ohiiiiliin. 'I'lint
WjiB vovy piopoily lojortod; iind ilioro 'ho
hon. ^'ntloniiin h'fl tin' Hiihjoot, t'll lin
oiiino forwiird (41 lopndinlo onliioly tho
work of ooiiHlinoiioii. If nny one, ivfior
this, onn w\^ nnythinn; steHoHininiliko. any
oMpnoity. in th" hon. yonllonitin to koop
tho Provinoos of (his t 'onfodornoy t'l
tfiMlior, (hoy hiivo hotlor diHooriiiiii'iit
tii.'in 1 posHosa. Tho hon. ^oiitlHiimn
stiitod fnrthor :
" \Vh«t M II ivi'l "ind Piitii-olv hidefpnuih'o piri-
ji'^niil it i», tlint. > privntH nn'iiilu'i- Rlirtulil tnko
i'li(«i-Ro of tlii« viput iiirttpi'iiil and imiral qiirR.
tioii niornl nh to wlictlipv n imti iml »wnril
»hiMil Mr)Mi on iti own retpunsibility,
ami jiiftify its coiirti'."
Tho hon. nioinhor for NVoBt Durham h.oiv
holds thiit It is a novol and ontiitdy iiidi'-
fonsihlo propivsal that a privato momhiT
should (ako oharjfi' of tho groat matoriiil
rt.nd moral ipiostion of tho Houndaiy
Awaixi ; ami yot, Sir, ho, an a pfivit^
vaomhor, innnos forward to nullify tho
(,\trnarvon Awai\l. To call fnioh a ooiiiho
inv>msi8tonoy would bo to apply a mild
tonn, tVir what iu plain 8axou must h«
dosignatod an a delilnnate utttnnpt to
w^WmSmH
lifi'i •iirfirti<*ni
.«■/.
If umu
-?/>
tf
lit IdttCUttlRtlf
ItlVBl-MtttPllt nf
1 wliidh ittoh •
Im ifnp, flip
nnvitip II III'
tt liiivi» iifKi'il
I III* tjHOHlitlll
I'liritio Hail
initl nituhi Im
mnvitv H(H'I>
M." \h\i
^iMllll'llllUI \H
ply llttii III II
lii>uni|
iHit, llio hoii.
itt ill!' Uiiv.
I'Biii'li inoilill-
I'lUil iiH wonlil
» (III' AwMlilt
(,000 HH I'oiii-
yn flint 1111^1))
iii«lrili'tiiili nf
imiliin. Tlint
mill tliori' Mil'
lllljl'l'l,, WW III!
I'litiii'ly till'
luiy iiiH», ivfli'i'
RiiiniiliUp, tiny
li'iiiiin III Ui'i'ii
ilVili'iiu'v I"
(liHiTniiiii'iit
gl'UilRlllltll
nilflfpimili'o pi'ii-
>n- uluuilil tnkd
li imirftl mirn-
iinti iml nwiiril
kI km fo the BK-
h" Hoveriimfint
which in ifa
ntiy rcnniren -
p n «< uxRcUiiiK
(»tiklv, it«plf, tit
rHt|iun«ibility,
Durliam lis'ii'
ciitiivly JMilf-
iviito nu'iiiliiT
{i-i'iit tiiatnriiil
lu* Houiiflftiy
iiM a pviv; tis
o nullify tlu»
Mwh H courae
ftjiply a inilil
axon inuRt bo
uttxMiipt to
wm»f«if. A Jifinifil) hf |iiilil|f fniHi. I Ml.
OrtOiiHinrm lint-H lir H»Trttn<»»mniit tiinvwl
thn niti'iiirtniii'Mfc rtf till* (li'liiifii. I (Mi ifn
r0i(liii|ili(iii nil Momlnr. Mr. hfCuiiiiifiM
j^Av« It lii-ii'f Hiiiiiiiiiiry of tliM |(fHTi()i|q
fmffc «if IiIh Riii-ni'li, rikI i!iiiii'Iii(I"iI Iiv
«ftyit»K ; I 'I" ♦"•• iH'tifv*' it, Im «l»>iiMiltlii
til till HO fit any Inimtli, k»i I «liftll taliw
oirfmluli, I liii|ii«. ill iiiiiillii'C way In liriiij,'
all till' l/ii'tH fiii'l citiicliHiiiiii tiiiit I (Ik'M
jiii'-nMiti'il til (IiIh IImii«i', licfmi' (Iim iiii-iii.
lii'iM nf IIiIh I'liiliniiH'iiti himI tli»» I'liiiiitry.
Wi> I'liiiii'. .ri»aiii, Mil', til tlm limi. iiiKiiilcr
fill Wi'Mt JtiiiliHiii (Mr. MliilMiiiioiiiii, n^
fcliM piiilt nf iiHiiiilily, HI till' piiil< III' lilt
flial i'< yri'iil. an an oxniiiplM In tlm pi-niilc
nf tliiq I'Miiiitry. 'J'lin linn, gcntlcnihii
Hiiiil nil tlip ni'iKlHinii nf tin* (hit.arin It'inn
(laiy ili'liiitn :
" Hut; mv 1111I11 |ifM|Mml' i'lii li, ihnM Hi" ri'MpMn
nlhiUiy |ii-''|i"'!y ili'vnlvci nii 't?f O'lVPi Miii''iii
nl'il'ft'iiH! u i li III'- i(iii'<'|iitl w'ii"li, «■« (I r"Mii| .(I*
of 'Villi iii"'Miln"f frmii Mil' Ctiiviiu'" nf Onimid,
I ill) III)'- hi'MJtu'i*' tn ili'clfiii' I M'tfi"! ii'i inliiii'i'lv
iniirM iiii|iiii tikiit ill ilM iiiiirni lliaii ill it" iri!|i''r iiil
••|)«i!b."
Mir, IIii'iiHiii wlin I'liiilil if'yiinl iJic Onlm in
Miiiiiiiliiry Awiiril iih iiillnilcly iiiuki im
pnrtatif in IIh iimrnl lliiiii in IIh inalfria!
aKppi'tH, I'liiiii'fi l.n (lii'i llniiHi' iiii'l i"(M|ili
ali'H mil. iiiily till' ('iiriiarvnii Aw.iif' Imt
tlm Hlaliiti'. Tim limi. tlin Imiili'r ni l||^'
Oppii'^iliiiii Hinli'il, l.lirnn!^li l/'inl l>iiH"iiii,
that, (III' Award wiis ni'''"pti'il Mint. it. wms
not, onnlrary tn any HcMnlntinii nf I'mlid
niiMit nr liny Htiitnli'. iiii'l llml llii> 'I'l'inm
nf till' Awtinl wniilil III' fiillilli'd ; lint w-
tiiiil liifi limi. I'lilli'iii^nc prnpari-il In vnlo
fnr till' viiiliiliiin nf tliiit Huli'imi (•nMipfi''l.
On till' HUiiii' ni'rnMinn tn whirli I Iim'.'o
rolVrrml, tlio limi. iiii'inlicr lor Idiinlitnn
Raid :
" I liiivn no ot'ini'Mon wliahnv ■'■ to thf tion.
j(i'iiMr'iitrni nsini; liiH jiowi'i' iotliis l|oii«i> tn qct,
HH'ilo Mifi li'^riHlalioii of 'ill' jri^t Udvorniri'nt. if
lid ihiiiUn 1^ wr"ll|^ ! liiit I four if tm w<>r»> liviTi,{
ill luiiitlicr I'iniiibi'y, hn wimiI'I fiml »om" ilillii'iilty
in HHtUiin (ihIiIo ni'diiiii i-.ri'H'im ^l.ii'. Iciv ln'oii
«iil,eriMl iipnii ; mii'li iih 'hii Tr'inty for tin' Hnbil"-
mnii''. of l.ti" i^ii'i .tiiiii i(iii'-«Miin
" ff tlioilivisi'in nil liliiv^, Odifmioii of tlin {''iii-
poro'' Williniii wi'i'p fi) tic fi-t, .•midc, it woni'l l)«
an jinitiifiatiliifroiinui iiituriintionul poini.of v{t:w
III ttiiig iMido (if thtt Award in tliu iirusoiit;
"Tho hon. cntlflinan would hnvi no moro
right) to oeli tHido Mm kwiird th in ho woiilil havo
(u lat aaida tho rnmty of W«Mliingtuu. "
TliflHH iii'fl Mir linti. ft^itdUmin'n tlftwn whti
itopn«i»'H to •niH MOW wiili fli« hdii. fiifttn-
•iT fnr VV«'«t hiirliarn. Mo Nai'l in (R74
tliat, Mm tVirnarrnii Awnrd uliniild nnf, \m
lirnki'ii, lint Im iiow winh»ft Ui tMiwhnfM
tli«> nliliyiitinnfi niadft hy liiinH'df with
llriliHli t "nliiiitliifi. Am it, iq not irijr in
ti'iitinn tn ncunpy fin* IfniiM** Iniit/, I «irlll
ipinic frnin Mil antlinrlty wliifdi i\}ii ntliwr
Hid<» nf tlin IIiuhh rnj^ard witfi r<'V«T«fi««,
itn Kidirnaiy «fJtli, lUt^dlnhf wiid tliin:
" Ik I* 'id't 'fifiueh for » frernlf-r «rtio h»«nrrt
tlin iriorni nonrft(p> toopp'Ko itorrintfiini( hn d'i»(i
not Willi; I'lrri'-d out, to uliirk ti/ ll'irniiiioii Movrorri'iiit Id not honri'l hy %hl
it'vinion of til" Artiitnlorn, (fori" Ad rtinittrii-
tioii in ii'il) iiiiil'-r fi'iliyntion to "irry o'lt th^
"ti"ii>-.in"Mti of itn yrm\e,nfo .or, winit in th • g uA
fiilli of tlin "onotry worth? A^ Vfr fllaku
O'lt it ill h\% •(i"f";h, tli« ifioral "OfH''l»>(»ti'rn>l
• r" in tlii'i 'fi Ilk" lir«»flk-
ini; ii|i of llin llonndiry A wurfl and yfrfc
na'di nf tlmiri in now jn'-parnd to vote
(lifiilHt flio t J')Vf'rnrri*'iit of flanada ftfc.
I"niptin!( to knop fnith with tho f'rovinos
of f'l'itisli ' 'oliiinlda, in tli<' fulfilrn^nt f*f
the (Iiinifirvon Awiird. \ Inivn (irK'thftr
nxtraf't to road, whi'.li f lio(>o hon. K*-ritl«-
nioii n|.p(i<-;il,c will li-!t.on tn. Tiiis is t>,\m
from tlif dlnhi-, <)f Knl»riiiiry 2;ird ■.
'• VVhftt in thoi(;(htof n privftte rn«n who m-
fai»« to «ri hpj'l hy th^
riationi t" huvn (l'»i(ri>' p'l oil' n^i^h^xjiirn in
noiii" 'loi^rfip. Whnt if th ir I JovrrirnPot h«d
I r fii"--'! to fny thp K} .VKI.OfK), <»n'l h»'l lonnti-
tilt"'! « <;o'nmi*t"n ))f (,'ont(r''nn Uf tnk", thti «vi-
ni.l t*(i
doi;>) ? What if th') Tallin')', or Vfr flayn h»d
i r'fu'»i'. I to ratify th" Awar4 l>/' lann*! t^i", H»li-
I f»x ( 'oHiirii««ion hid ^n-f.n 'li wrrriiri')'! on hf
j th"ir (ir"i|"'ip-in'>f,» in otfi.;*? Bu'. it may ha
nai'l tti.it an »rhifr.-»*ion ii«!t*«!en in'l^p«-nd«nt
I nntionn in (|Uit4; difffsrcnt from one t»«-we«n »
' fo loratl'iii and oiiu tho resaltof bi'J faith in tha Utnatir
_.
I
^iMbttJitttmrnmn ^
,«ia'^».'jf#*J;i'<»*v
-jj,,iiiiijijjnsf«mBrw^
m
I '
I
It 1 '
Is,
J
i\m
IS
«iiM. Wehrtly tl\P i)le« Oi*t i«i
c»rt he inil«')ivil i>» wi'h «ift>'y. 1 rt« ii'«l>ili\v
•f
pMnnl
Oovprnm'Wt., uml hpti'i«ft»>r »^ will l)tMn»|iim<>il)'e
h> »-e«jie f?A)Ai»'jt ns>»o.Hie tndiilgt'il in withnnfciy." tlion wo nwiaf
ftssumo tlml tlio )m>iMwul of tlic .lion.
Mionvliov for \V«>st 1>nrlmm and his
frieiuis, to «lisn'^!\nl tho (^nnarvoii
Avvanl, ie " ilisunvooful " imlocd, I
now oonio following is a
m>eoimen ; —
"Tho nswpB of ihc OoHrii* wfinbois who
voted for he iMttionnl dishonotn- «oil fcn'ed *o
st\nd \ip f>r thp jiiot, Aw.ini to their rn>vnn'e.
»re worthy ot t-eoor.t. l>'t (tie eleotors of
(>nt»rio note the foihnvinu lioi! of n\en. who
h»\-e *t. onee ho,'\\ tv.-nt >rs to CnnaiU and to
tbi'ir own oonstituenta :
.tOHN Mit.KNNAN.
ORO. .Ui'KSOX,
T. .<. sr«i'\'i.a
WM. MCWnUAUU
r K. Kii.vKur.
TH)'*. K0)«RK1«iH>tf.
.'.>H\- wnnK.
MANN».
K\.VX. ^HAW.
THOtH*!* WtniK.
JOHN KOiHK'TKR,
DAKHY PKKUIS.
J. >. Ro»,
A. T. n, wiim\fs,
THOMAS ARKFTL
.t. A. KIKKVMRIOK.
1>. MArMUl AN.
J. n. nVMB.
.t,\!l. KKKl.KR.
«. R. HKminion which has jwid a lartf,»r
«um into the Tre*asury than of right slie
should hare ^viid. If t^ntario tnenU)eiv
TotN M'vARTHT
0,
ni.rox.
HROri>R OAMKHOK.
s.
MKRNRK.
A.
RoriruKR,
MACIK»NAI,I>.
to enqcire into all matters cotmeotwl with
the Ontario Hounditry, and if th«y were
" tiaitora to ("Htiada and their t»wn rton-
Htituen(«." will not hon. genlletnen oppo-
Bi'.o vote " for (he national diHiionour,"
and ptove " (rnilors (o Canada and llieir
oo>is(i(nentR. " when they tote for the
mnoiidinent »f the hon. member for Went
Ibnham to bri>ak the ( 'afniirvcn Awatd t
Hut I will now roail Ronie pusMajje.s from
a writer on lnternn(ional Ijaw, for the
bfM\('1it of (he nienilter for Wes( Durham,
who presoi\tR hinipolf here in the oliann'ter
of nn interniUional law bi(>alu>r, whose
momi itistinot^ are so iradily tonolied
when anything ooneerns Onlaiio, but
who is ilonf iind insensible when Kritish
Columltia is eom'erned, ninl when s\m
asks for ju'itioe. I will rend some prtss-
a^os from Vnt(el, a sdiinl.ird authorifcy
on li ienuitional Iji»w, i\h MlacUsfnn« is
on ("oMunon lii«\v. and y\diun Smith otj
Polihoal MooMoiny ;
" It is uRettlrd point in natnrnl law, that ho
wh" hrt" nirtite a pioniiBo tii M\y oie hn^* eon.
ferreil npiin hiin ureiO ri^ht to rniii'ie the tliina
P'oni soil, mill, ei'O ennentlv. tlint t)\e Itrcaeli
of a pcr'eet pronrse is n v olftnnn "f ii'ti hf-
peiioii'f) rii'h*. rtii't H' :«vjileiitlv Hli Jii't if '.iii!"! ■
«s It wi'ul.i hi- to roh n inn of lii« prnp"rt' Th'i
ti!Uinia'n and proner'y eoiiBti-
tn'es 'he seeun'y of '>nr aelnal poises 'ons ,
he fai'h of proniiseH i* enr seeuri y foi thing!
that eannot ho debvered or exeentetl npm*
tlie »p\(t. ThiMV woidd no hnigi-r ho any
sFe>iri y, Nol >nner«ny eonimeree Imiweeii man-
kn\d. if tlii'V di ( not, tliMilt themselves ohi'^e<^
to kei'p faiili with raeh other, anil ti perfinin
tlii'ir pvomiRei!. 'I'lns obligation in, tiien, ns
neoes'ia'v n» it in n*tiual and I'idnhitable, be-
tween nation* that live toge'lier in a state of
natni-e. and a''knowIed>;» ni> siipi'ritn- upon
eai'ih, to maintain onler ainl pea 'e in their
sooety. Nations, therefore, a'ld tlieir einnbic-
tor.'*, ouijht inviolalily to nbs'ive ilioir p'oiuises
mill ilioir treat OB. Th s >jreat, trndi, thoiiuh
to.> often nei{lee ed in praetiee. i« neneraity
aoUnow'ed^ed by all nat on* ; the reproauii of
pe-lidy mefttoi ined I'y BovereignBannmt Atroo una
alb^M^t ; ye' he who does not olmervo a troi'y
is certainly perlidious, Hineo ho violates iim
fai'h. On (he eoiitrary Ho{hinR adtU oonreat
a idory to a jirino". and t>t «ho nation ho uov-
ernii. aa the ivpntation of an inv olablu tidolity
in the perfor'nanoe of proniisea. By suo'ihon-
onraUle c nulnot, as iniieli and even more thHit
by her valour, tlie Swiss nation has i*ondoi'od
herself ivspeetal'bi ♦hrouwhous Kurope. »nd ia
deS'Tveilly oo..rtoi( bv tho grea(est inoiinrchs
who entrust their p«ri>ouil safety to a Inxly-
Kuard of her eitiaons. The t'arliainent of
Knglaud hoa tnoix> than oiiue thaakod the kiug
.4
tl'lrf*!! 1.1 I
'Ttiii;ri(fiifritTiiPirimiT'iBiiTmr"-
I I I I - I iT illl <
motrMt with
t,h«y w«'re
own flon-
>m¥\\ oppo-
liHliuimur,'*
I anrl llifir
t« for tli«
ii- for WpHb
•n Awrtnl t
ittHVH from
w, for tbf>
il l)\irlinin,
oluu'Ht'ter
kf>r, wlioRR
ly (odclieii
it alio, Imt
iiMi Mritisli
wlicM slie
Homo puBS-
1 iiutliorifcy
hUhIoiip is
I Sniiili on
•i«> tlip tliin
»t Hie I
Uw, that he
oi'«> hit'* ('un-
til i MB
IfCIV'fl
in of tt'u !"*'
onr^lj it fc!i<^
jnst'W,- on
tt) 'ho nuliti!
tlurs |)i>v tn
ipr'y oiiiiBti-
po'si'f 'ons ,
for Ihiiigi
iMitotl upon
ijiT Im any
t>YiM«n mftn-
I t'l ptjrfornt
ft, 'lion, KA
l)ltnlllo, 1)0-
n ft ("ffttc of
(u'rior upon
c in Uioir
lii'ir oomluc*
ir p'Miiui" A ti"o»'v
violates his
uUIb ho (irpat
ktion ho t(ov-
nhlu tidolity
Uy siioiihon-
u nu>re thwn
iM itjndoroil
rop«, and i*
Ht inoiiarchs
>r to a lHHiy«
u'liamont of
iR(rp»it<'d in maintaining
of powrr and Hpl nd iir. tlip fnith «f treaties, and i atiRinj/ it t«i im every-
"A« (lie inuBKBinrnta of a 'fr sty inipnued nn wlnre o nsidered »« aafrni ad inviolnlde, eo
the OH'' lt»nd « H'rli'iit Mhliitntiiin. Iliry prodiii-o hUewine they are jn tilishlp in foiniinir a ooii-
oi til" oM er R (iprlni'l, riuht. 1 lip hri aelt nf a frdrra'y for the piir|iM«n i.f rcprn njtijt him who
Tirat) in thrrifiire n vinlntinn of the iiprfert leii*;ifirn a d'nrpj/ard f"r it -who openly
rijjht of t'l" I'orl V with nhi •< «p Imvc O'ln. d|iii't(i with it who vi'i'gtet Ri'd triim«
tiaptpil t >>iid this is ail act of > iu^'iDe nguiimt |iliiti in a piil'iio
him.'' rnpiny who 9ipn the fiiiPioUtii'?ii of tiip p' nee hikI
ponitiirin N-ifety of nnli'Wi'i. I'.ii' wo Rliinild Im
II. VfinnidB, llit'ii, for liiMlory to hIhIo, tliiit iiupfnlnol to PTlpiidthi» iiiinim »o »li.- jTejii-
ill.. iii..mlu.r for W.-M iM.i'lmiii l.firmiinod ''•"'•'"f '•"•* '•';•'''> n"d i.MlP|,|nd. n.e to which
... 1 • ,1 1 ,1 1 1 ■• 1 • I vpiy Miition liHR (I ,'lrt in. ".'■'•• " - — ..~
Willi Ills ('nllodmirs viihI tlio li'itdcr n| Imh •? .
^^
cnilodifiirs viiHM ho li'itdcr n
(JuvotniKi'itl In \inl(ili' tlii> 'I'lciily imd
oonipiH't Willi l^^ili^ll Cnliiinliiii llii> Imr
gum IipIwcimi licr, t'liiMMJn niid l']iijr|iiii(l,
Avliii'li every jioiminl'le I'liiviiice mimI
lioiunirnlde iiiiili w(nil/iili»tpc| ; nn
tlipiu imtiiMiwnrp to dpppiid fur tlip neUtiowlpilK-
111' nt of llipir n(ili r. nnd tlip opi'iirity "f Hip r
di'ftrpst inlpre tn. IIpIwpii liodips |iiilitn', Ipv
twpoii Hovptpi^iiB who dcUiioivIpiI^p no mipprinr
on earth, trpnliP'* arp tlip only nipntid of Htljint-
ing thpir varimm jirplpnoicii n, of pHlidili»liiii^
(ixpil rulpB of (• inilii"t of m^cpi t'lniiiK wli t
thpy nrp Piititlpd topxpiet, mid wlint tiny Imvn
tod'pindon. lint tri'iiliPH ni'p ro In ttir timo
niip y XMirdn, i( nntioiix do imt o, iiHi'ler Hirni
R<^ rt'spi eUlile pn^sfjpnipntfi, rm rulos whiidi
are to hp iuvjo aMy cliicivcd hy pieprpi ns,
anil "(e'd NnoriMl tlirciiifhoiit lip wlml > pur'li.
■' The faith of tri'iitip , tlmt linn nnd mncprp
:> R'^liitio ', thiit iiivitr nl>|p ponHtHiioy in fnltll-
ing'.i''' piig«f(puii'iitH, - of whii'li wp niaUr pro-
f ci ■'.! in n trprtty, in tliprpforo to »>p held
•■.J : 'J ' f.lid itiviolahle liptwppii tho im'ioioi of
li'i 'rtrth, who"o safety and np up in upciirpd ;
r if iMtiikind he not W'liiully di'tii'lpiit in
thfi/ '" ..y to thpinst'lvi B, infamy miint pvor h«
tin I iriion of him wim vi latrs his fnith,
" ,lo who vinl»»iH liis trollies, vi'ilntes at
the itaino tinip the law of nations ; for, lip (lis-
re> ar s tlie faiih of trpaties,— that fioth vi hirh
t) e law of nations declare sai^red ; nnd, so far
,48 di'ppiids on him, lip r iidprs it vain and in-
(df utiual, Diuhly ru Ity, h* doe<« an ii jury to
his ally, ho do s an injury to all iiatmns, srd
tDiliots a wound on the great 8oui< ty o.' n-.«n- I " Mtudioddel-iysarp rfjievnlpnt to an exp''««i
kind, " 0:\ tlie ohsorvunoo and execution of dciinl, and dillor froin i' oi ly hy tlie «riiiii;e
trmtties," aaid a respectnhlo sovereign, "do- wi'h whudi he who nri.-tipps ihern s eks t«
^ .nda -dl tho aeourity which pnuvtis and , palliate his want of f.nth ; he adds fraud to
VV liei n. sdvi reiun
liienki liii tipn'ies, er le'iisei 'o fiillil them,
fliis douR not iniinpdi'ilpjy niply tim' lip o«'J4,
H|ii'nkin^ of siildrifnges, s,iy.-« :
" Mis ('atliolip Maji'Rty, Kiir linsiid, having
(•fOii''lii|i'd ■* treaty with Mie Ari'lidnke, lision-
in-luw lioiiKlit. he pniilil eviul" it. tiy jiriva'ely
proti BtiiiK H^;ainRt th tri-aiy; a i iiitiIp lineRfwi I
winch wiiliDiit giving nny iikIii to i( a' p iiico,
onlYPX|»sed his wpMkni'Sn mid diiplifd'y. '
Now, wliiit applies to I'erd: nil 11(1 will
Mjiply to lion, j^enlli'ineii iip[>osite. Tliii
resolution Ims only n^am exposed tlirir
wenlcness ninl tlieir iliiplieity. J ipioto
fi;;iiin from Vnttel on 'iVeatji s, p«< ,
iiinl I ask the lloiiHe to ol.serve its appli-
ciiliility to (lie course <>\' the lion. iiieinlKsr
for West hiirliaiii. As is w(dl known,
(lie lioii. j^iiitleiiiiin has CV' r lieen in
favour of delays in eoiiiiei.tion with the
fiillilineiit of CaiiJidaH olili^'atioiia to
IW'itisli (/'oliiinliin. Now, wliiit, does thlJl
great writer on liit.^-'^ ^^hJ^j^p-;
OT'ifii' iimiiiwiiTI
■J.to^Ui'i'U'MJ
m
24
^r 11
%
->'
r i
; \
ni;
i'i '
Jer< y man from
those Eastern Provinces have denounced
the Federal (Jovernuient for its perfidy !
But, when such a course is actually
jtroposed to be pursued towards liritish
Cohunbia, many hon. gentlemen s em ..nt
to understand that e(jnal perfidy is iuvohed
in the proposition to break faith with
British Columbia. Now, we will take the
Carnarvon Award. Tl « leader of the
Opposition, while head of the late Gov-
ernment, and Lord Dutleriu, concurred
in accepting the Award, and thanking
Lord Carnarvon for what he had done.
And they added this : We accept this
for a present setth'ment, as it is not at
variance with any Statute. We accejjt
it because it is not at variance with
any Resolution of Parliament. What
duplicity on the part of lion, gen-
tlemen opposite, who deliberately, down
to the present hour, are still p.'e|)ared to
implement that Award by supporting a
proposition to ignore it. The hon. the
Miiister of Hail ways has brought under
the notice of hon. gentlemen opposite, that
the late Premier did not propose to build
the Einory-Savona section of the Pacific
Railway, altliuu\di he put this country to
an expense of thou.sn'uls of dollars
in moving rails. What greater
infamy can wo conceive of if this
charge be true / When knowingly and
deliberately using the public money of
Canada for a mere partisan purpose, he
wasted $32,000 to make the people of
British Columbia believe that the Gov-
ernment intended to build the road, whildt
in fact they did not intend to do so.
Sir CHARLES TUPPER : I made a
mistake in the amount \ it was over
!i!34,000.
Mr. DeCOSMOS: I thank thehon.gen-
llwman for his correction. I think it will
also be found that the late Government, in
orderto provide themselves with ameans of
escape, did not lass any Order in Council
calling for tenders. I believe the call for
tenders was put into the papers, and no
Order in Council, authorizing the call,
was ever passed. In 1871 the Govern-
ment of Canada, with a full se se of their
obligations, made a Treaty with British
Columbia. The obligations of that Treaty
puta first lien upon tliis Dominion after the
charges upon the public debt and the ordi-
nary and current expenditure for govern-
ment. Under that Treaty the Kailway was
t" be commenced simultaneously on the
Pacific coast and at some point east of the
Ikocky Mountains. Fifteen million dol-
lars have already been expended by
the late Government in the work of
construction, and not a single dollar has
l)een spent in British Coluiubia in the
wf)rk of coiisti'uction. Is it not right
that I'ariianient now, at the end of seven
years, from the time fixed for its commence-
uunt, shoiikl fuiti', in a small measure, the
oliligatioiis assumed in 1871 i Again,
about ><15,()()(),000 has bet>n expended
on the caial system since 1873. We find
the system of canals betwecni Lake Huron
and Montreal have cost over 61"', 000,000,
and the interest that is being pai'i, at the
rate of 5 percent., amounts to f?7r>0,000
more per annum. If this Government
had wished to hav(! kept faith with the
jieople of British Columbia, it would not
have er-teied so readily into the enlaige-
ment of canals, because the obligations to
British Columbia was a prior lieu on this
Dominion.
Mr. MACKENZIE : No.
Mr. DeCOSMOS: More than that!
We find that they have relieved the Pro-
vinces of Ontario and Quebec of some
$000,000 or .|;700,0(»0 a year interest, or
nearly $1 1,000,000 in capital. Making a
total expendituie of jirincipal and interes-
of aliout $r)0,000.0C0 in nine years, ccn-
traiy to the spirit and letter of the con-
■m-
ppwwr^r
.jjgi:
^■.^^^■.,i«.i.l..H.lll«-^.^
^^^fwvwTT '*y^r "i
25
loney of
pose, he
eople of
he Gov-
d, whilst
to.
made a
vaa over
hon. gen-
ik it will
anent, in
means of
I Council
e call for
1, and no
the call,
Govern-
B of their
h British
it Treaty
after the
the ordi-
r govern-
Iway was
y on the
Mst of the
illion dol-
iiided by
work of
ollar has
a in the
lot right
of seven
iiinience-
iisure, the
Again,
oxjH-nded
"We hnd
vp Huron
,000,000,
at the
!?7r)0,000
vernnient
with the
Yonld not
onlarge-
,'iitioiis to
ill on this
an that !
the Pro-
of some
terest, or
Making a
rl interes-
ears, ccn-
the cou.
pact with British Columbia. I take it
that anyone to whom this matter may be
referred will see that the first duty of the
Dominion was to fulfill its obligation with
British Columbia, but we hear nothing of
that in the utterances of hon. gentlemen
opposite. I desire now to allude to the
address of my hon. friend, the hon. mem-
ber for Yale, when the reply to the
Speech from the Throne was tiefore the
House. The hon. gentleman stated that
I took ground in my speech on that occa-
sion against the route of the railway
selected by the Government. The very
contrary : I expressed myself as follows
on this point : "I am glad that theGovern-
ment has at last decided upon a route
on the West coast." He, also, stated
that I represented the people as being
dissatisfied with the route selected. Now,
I made no such statement, — as will be
seen on I'eference to the Ilaiuard. He
questioned my remarks with relation to
"the fertile district of Kamlo.ips," re-
ferred to in the Speech. Now with the
object of placing myself right on that
subject, and correcting the error into
which the hon. member has fallen, I have
prepared some statistics on Kamloo|)s
district and the neighbouring districts,
which I will ask the House to allow me
to place among other reports of my \itter-
ances on this occasion. These statistics
will show the extent approximately of
Kamloops and contiguous districts, frohi
which the section of railway, now under
contract, will get its business. The total
area in square miles and acreage in Yale
Commons district, exclusive of Koote,
nay, is:
Square miles.
Acfs.
Yalfl aud Hope
districts.... .3,. 300
2,11-2 000
Lytton
do
. . . 2 200
1,518 000
CachB Creek
do
.... I,'.i00
7t)S 000
Kamloops
do
.... 4.500
2,880 000
Nicola
do
.... 3 600
2,.304,t 00
OkaDsgao
dj
.... 2 700
1.728,000
Rock (Jreek
do
.... 2,325
1,488 000
19,823 12 798 000
Containing in 1879 the following polling
districts, voters and farmers : —
Voters Farm's
Y»le and Hope poUing district. . . . ()7 13
Lvtton distr ct " .... 51 23
Oaohe Creek " .... 56 2fi
Kamloops '* ... 12(5 58
Nicoia " .... 67 54
OkanngaD " .... 70 03
llockCriek '' .... 15 2
452 239
In all the sub-districts, giving the 239
23
Nil.
10
•1
40
<<
fi
<>
36
6
17
NU.
farmers 320 acres each, the total acreage
of the farms would be 66,480 aoi-es;
while in the ten settlements in the Kam-
loops district the 58 farmers at 320 acres
each, the total acreage would be only
18,560 acres. North of Yale district is
Lilloet district (a sub-district of Cariboo
Commons district), the total area of which
is 18,000 square miles, or a total acreage
of 11,520,000 acres. The total acreage
in occupation is : 83 farmers, at 320 acres
each, 26,000 acres, the total Toters being
108. In 1874 the list of voters stood:
Total Far- Stock
Yoters mera. raiim-
Yale and Hope 54
Lvtton 30
Nicola ... 43
Okanagan ^^
Kamloops 87
Cache Creek 37
The total lands taken up in 1878 in Kam-
loops was 8,160 acres, in quantities from
36 to 640 acres. ThefoUowingstatement
will show the increase of farmers in the
above districts during the period between
1874 and 1878:—
1874
Hope and Yale (armera 12
Lytton " 10
Cache Creek " .... 17
Kaiiilo'^ps " .... 36
dkanngan, *' .... 9
Nicola, " .... 40
The following is a summary of the Yale
and Lilloet districts : —
Yale, total Eouare mies ??'|?5
LiU.L^ " " •••• 18.000
Total 37 825
Yale. totU acres ?2,7?8.O00
Liiluit,
'*!
1878 Increase.
13
1
23
13
26
9
50
14
61
52
54
14
1. 11,520,000
Total acreage 24.318,000
Total voters, Yal" ^52
Lillu?t 108
Total vo'ers.
Total farmers, Yale .
LilLeb .
550
239
83
Total farmers 322
I will not on this occasion enter upon
an estimate of the amount of business
that the railway may transact with
these di.stricts — as way traffic. I will say
this, that with respect to the railway that
is proposed Lo be built by the Government
that whilst I donot believe that the Fraser
is the best route for our tmns-continental
railway, yet at the same time I am
wholly indisposed to be factious. The
r-'Hw',
[;■ •»'»)»»«
uij
26
:' "
= i;m-
Government have arrived at a decision,
and I am prepared to support the Gov-
ernment in their deciaiviu to build that
section of the road. 1 believe, however,
that the Pino Piiss route will yet prove to
be the <»reat through route. I bolieve that
after this section is built it will enable the
whole of British ('olumbiato be opened up
by connecting the Pine Pass route through
British Columbia with Uie Yale-Kamloops
section, via Fort George, Quosuelle, Clin-
ton and Cache Creek, To benefit the
Western Province, the railway ought
to start at Cache Creek, and go on
to Fort George ; that would be the
means of opening up the entire interior
of the Province of Columbia. My hon.
friend from Yale, also stated, on the occa-
sion to which I have previously alluded,
that there were not twelve persons in my
constituency who w 're oppo.sed to the
Fi-azer route. Allow me tostate, that that
wa3 an incorrect statement. Ho also
stated that, in an eloquent speech, I spoke
in favour of that section. At that time
we had no terms of Union with Canada.
We were not even within the Confeder-
tion, and the question of a railway across
the continent, was an unsettled one. The
question was pnttoour fygislative Council
of which I was a member, and of which
my hon. friend was a niombor at that
time. The statement was made that we
might get a trans-continental railway, if
Canada accepted our terms. I said then
that if we were going to have a railway,
it would be better t-:> put in a positive
provision, that it shall be constructed
between Yale and Savona's F«n-ry. I
believe that this route will be veJ lable to
this country, and I believe that the tnrri-
tory south of Kamloops, which is nearly
live tiniesaslargeasthe Province of Prince
Edward Island, and that in the districts to
thenorth andSoulh of Kamloops some very
tine country, can he opened up. As far
as Kamloops is concerned, I do not believe
very much tj-atfic can be obtained. My
hon. friend opposite does not want any-
thing to bf^ built in the way of a railway
in British Columbia, until the settler has
reached the Rjcky Mountain llange.
I think the hon. gentleman is labouring
under a very great mistake indeed. He has
to know that there is only one great com-
mercial mart on the Pacific coast, and
that that great commercial mart is
San Francisco ; that it has formed com-
mercial relations with every peo[>le, on
the west coast of America, the east coast
of Asia, the Indian Artihipelago, down
through Australia and New Zealand.
Now, I take it, if we wish as a Canadian
people, if we wish to establish a foreign
policy, if we wi.sh to find a market tor our
surplus products, wo ought to have rail-
way communication with the shores of
the Pacific, in order that we might dis-
tribute our surplus goods among the mar-
ketsof the Pacific Ocean. The hon. mem-
ber for West Durham wants delay. That
is a great mistake ; for the sooner we are
enabled to move our manufactures across
the continent, and enter into commercial
rivalry around the shores of the Pacifiulation, our white population and the
Chinese, and every oth r nationality the
number of our popidation, in the maxi-
mum, is 50,000. Now, it has boim stated
that $1,449,956 hiis been expended on
surveys in British Columbia, and as
Btitish (y'olumbin h.as contributed, man
tor man, the large amount which I have
stated more pi:r capita than all the
rest of the Dominion, it will be seen
that over and above all railway ex-
penditure, the Government hold in hand
a net balance contributed in the eight
years by British Columbia, over tho
remainder of the Dominion, of $195,540.
I am glad to see the hon. member for
West Durham (Mr. Blake) in his seat ;
because I want to make reference to his
statement, at Walkerton, that we had.
only a population of 2,000.
Mh. BLAKE : No, no.
Mr. DeCOSMOS ■ The hon. genHeman
stated that there were about as great a
l)oi)ulation in British Columbia as in the
audience he was then addressing at Wal-
kerton and that audience was about 2,000
ill number. I have it here in the Globe.
Mh. BLAKE : I neither swear by, ncr
at the Globe ; but what I really stated wa»
that the population numbered as many free-
holders as the nuuiber then present ; and
I estimated the freeholders as one to five.
Mr. DeCOSMOS : Oh ! freeholders.
The hon. member for West Durham i»
well able to make that look better which
looked so much worse. He stated that
there were only 2,000 freeholders in
British Columbia. I find also that
he gives 12,000 paying $553,362 in
Excise and Customs in one year ; that
would be about $47 per capita. Oh ! I
wish I were such a statistician as the hon.
member for West Durham. I told the
H'^use the other night that I would deal
with the Vancouver section of the railway
at some other time. I know it will be
built. I am only dealing with the
Yale-Kamloops section ; the total co.st of
which I estimate at $8,000,000. I have
shown that we pay $340,000 a year more
in Customs than the average taxation of
the Dominion, and, therefore, we really
shall pay all the expenses, in the shape of
interest and sinking fund for the
building of thib railway.
k' '
i>4 1)
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ESQUIMALT-NANAIMO SECTION
p —
C-A.1T-A.IDI^1^ I^^OIB^IO I?/A.IL-V7*-A.Yj
SPEECH DELIVERED IK THE HOUSE OF COMMONS
— B Y —
— N —
(He-pubUshed Jrom the Official lieport of (he Debates, Page 2,00S.)
Mr. DeCOSMOS : I intimated to the
House when aildressing it upon tlie sub-
ject of the Pacific R lilway, that I would
take occasion before the close of the Ses-
sion, to speak witli respect to the Esqui-
malt-Nanaiino section of the Pacific Rail-
way. 1 propose to do so now, and will be
as brief as possible. With regard to this
section of the Railway that was agreed to
be built under the Carnarvon Terms, I
expect the Government during R icess, to
prepare a measure for its construction,
and submit it for the sanction of Parlia-
ment at its next Session. At this ad-
vanced period of the Sesssion, it cannot
be expected. I ha\ no ex))ress authority
from the Governmeui for stating that I
expect it to prepare and submit a measure
for the construction of the Esrjuimalt-
Nanaimo section of the Railway, except
its general expression of intention to keep
faith with Biitish Columl)ia, supplemented
as that has been by making contracts to
construct the Yale-Savona section. The
hon. Minister of Railways and Canals,
wtien making his general statement on the
Pacific Railway alluded to tiie obligations
assumed by the late Government under
the Carnarvon Terms to construct the
Esquimalt-Nanaimo section ; and stated
that it would cost $-4,000,000. I am
satisfied. Sir, that the hon. gentleman has
placed the cost too high. The result of
my enquiries in various quarters, satisfy
me that it can he completed and set at
work for $2,500,000. I will not trouble
the House with details on this subject at
this late hour. I will, however, unilertake
to show how small an outlay of capital and
interest will bo required to construct the
I'oad, which, when completed, will only be
sixty-eight miles long. It will be remem-
bered -lat the hon. the Minister of Finance,
as part of his scheme to provide funds to
miiet the expenditure of the Dominion
Gok'erument, asked and obtained the sanc-
tion of Parliamont to a resolution author-
izing him to increase the issue of Domin-
ion Notes to 8-0,000,000, on condition of
always holding for tiie redemption of such
notes " in gold, or in gold and Dominion
securities guaranteed by the Government
of the United Kingdom, e(]ual to 2o per
cent, of the total amount of notes then
outstanduig, and that at least 15 percent,
of the total amount of such outstanding
notes shall be held in gold." Now, Sir,
on this financial basis I propose to submit
for the consideration of the House and
Government certain statements tluit will
show conclusively that the mems to con-
struct the F]Nan«imo
section when oonipleted 2,600.000
These statements, Sir, show conclusively
how very small an annual expenditure for
interest is required to build the Esquimalt-
Nanaimo section of the Pacific Railway,
and to meet the interests on the Gold Re-
serve after its completion. The amount
of the annual charge is so insignificant
that it can never be felt, whilst the con-
struction of the Railway will meet one
condition of the Carnarvon Terms, keep
faith with British Columbia, and fulfill a
solemn obligation too long delayed in ita
fulfillment. Before leaving this branch of
my subject, I will state that half of the
$7(30,000 oflTcred by the hou. member for
West Durham, w^hen in the late Govern-
ment, to British Columbia as a consider-
ation for all future delays — for postpone-
ment for an indefinite period — \n con-
struction of the Canadian Pacific Railway
in that Province, is equal to the total
Gold Reserve required to build the Esqui-
malt-Nanaimo section on the financial
basis that I liave proposed ; and that the
other half would pay the annual interest
on the Gold Reserve for twenty-five
years afte: its completion, without count-
ing the interest on it, if it were invested.
I will now endeavour, Sir, to show thati
no increased taxation will be required
to pay interest on the money required
to build this section of the Pacific
Railway ; and further, that the reduced
2i^ ■
i ■'
^ ^;:i 1
liv
expenditure of the Mail Service between
San Francisco and Victoria, with the in-
creased Customs Receipts, consequent on
the increase of population on Vancouver's
Island, incident to tlie building of this
section of the Railway,will show an aggre-
gate gain and saving of several hundred
thousand dollars over interest on Gold
Reserve. It will le remembered that
the Mail Service between Victoria and
San Francisco costs annually $54,000.
The contract expires on the Ist July
next The new contract for the Service
goes into operation at that date, and will
t3 and
net protiits will be verified; and that when
the continental portion of the Railway
shall have been extended to English Bay,
Burrard Inlet, with a ferry to connect
with Nanaimo, that the pa.sseQger and
freight buHiness that will be done by the
Inland Section of the Pauifio Railway,
will exceed any other whort section on
the whole transcontinental line. I have
only now to direct attention to the Rail-
way Laud Bolt on Vancouver iHland that
will pass to tlio Dominion Government
as soon as it is propared to cointnence the
construction of this section. There will
be a very considerable area of land, chiefly
timber land, in the Vjelt, that will prove
valuable. But it is the coal fields along
the lifkO of Railway that will be moat
valuable. I estimated that between
Esquimalt and Nanaimo, within the
Railway Bolt, that there are 200* square
miles of good coal fields. Now, the very
least that will be worth to the Government,
on the averag'*, is $50,000 per mile. At
that rate the 200 scjuare miles would be
worth ultimately $10,000,000— a sum
equal to four times the estimated cost of
the line between Esquimalt and Nanaimo.
This shows, in connection with my esti-
mates ot the net rt^ceipts that the building
and operating this section would prove a
profitable undertaking. I trust the Gov-
ernment, during Recess, will give this
subject their best attention, and at the
next Session of Parliemont will submit a
measure for its construction.
wjkS
* Since estimated by Surveyor Oeaoral ot British
Columbia at 150 Hquare miles.
)ense
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EXTRACTS FROM DEBATES
IN
DOMINION PARLIAMENT
AND
BRITISH COLUMBIA LKGKUTIVE COUNCIL
In 1871
ON
THE RAILWAY LAND CLAUSE
1
or
/
OTTAWA :
PRINTED BY MAOLEA% ROGER ft 00., WELLINGTON STREET.
1880.
^eMty.ii
w :/^r
-"■wirwiWBi
i!
S
p
m
EXPLANATION.
^J/
\i
i'
Theso Extmcis Were tBkon from tho only reports of Debates found in
the rarliiimeiitary Library. Ottawa, and include all that is reported to have
been said, during debate, in the Ijejrislativo Council of British Columbia
and in the Dominion Parliament about Railway Lands, when tho question
of the admission of that Province info the Confederation was under dis-
cussion in 1871.
The Extracts, from the Parliamentary Debates, in 18(>9, on the proposed
admission of Newfoundland, have be«>n added to establish more clearly tho
reiil reason, why the Dominion Government offered to give, IJritish Colum-
bia, after the l^'inancial Terms proposed by th»? latter were rejected,
!JS100,000 a year for ever for a 2f)-iriile belt of land on each side of the Jf.ail-
way through that Province.
Tho Financial Statements, on pages 1 and 2, show what Hubsidies
British Columbia proposed, and what were olfered by Canada and a^ecd
to.
The Appendix oontains an extract from an Act of 1876 conveying to
tho Dominion, a 20-mile belt of land on each side of the proposed Kail way
between Esquimalt and Nanaimo ; and, also, an Act of 1880 conveying to
tho Dominion Government, a 20-mile belt of Land on each side of the Rail-
way between lilnglish Bay, Burrard Inlet, and the summit ol T6te Jaune
Pass on the eastern boundary of British Columbia,
In tho Appendix, there is, also, a letter, dated " Victoria April 14th,
18^0," addressed to the Attorney General of British Columbia, by Mr. Trutch»
a Confidential Agent of the Dominion Government, in whirh that gentle-
man, in the name of that Government, requests the Provincial Government
to transfer to the Dominion, outsid«» of the 40-ri';le belt, but does not men-
tion where, " an equal area of lands suitalile i^r farming or other valuable
purposes," in lieu of those lands within the 40-mile railway land belt that,
on investigation, may be Ibund valueless, — and has thus raised a question
that is entirely new — never heard of before.
My own intimate personal knowledge of the history of the union of
British Columbia with C'onada enables me to state, that this entirely new
^^*i
I''
ni'
4 '
{
2iZ
m.
V
iv
claim for land in that Province is "without a color or shadow of right to
support it. Nothing but the circumstance that Mr. Trutch who raises this
question, was one of the delegates who visited Ottawa, in 1870, to negotiate
i,he Terms of Union, makes it worthy of consideration. It is this fact that
has induced me to collect these Extracts, &c., together, and place them within
the reach of those who might otherwise be led to believe, that there is some
truth and justice in the claim put forward by Mr. Trutch. If new terms
respecting the Railway lands had been proposed, the proposal, whether
judicious or not, would have the merit of being honorable ; but the attempt
to import a new provision,— one never before hinted at, — into the Railway
Land Clause is, to say the least, highly discreditable ; and certainly is most
unworthy in one who undoubtedly knows better.
To understand this question thoroughly, it is necessary to know the
origin of the Railway Land clause of the Termi jf Union.
On reference to pages 1 and 11, it will be noticed that British Columbia
proposed that her population for financial purposes be estimated at 120,000 ;
" but finally agreed to accept the basis of the actual population, namely,
60,000." On this basis the subsidies stood (see page 2) as follows :
6 per cent on difference between actual and
allowed debt % 33,289 Tl
60,000 inhabitants @ 80c. per head 48,000 00
Annual subsidy 35,000 00
Total $116,289 71
This total was nearly $100,000 less than the Legislature of British
Columbia had authorized the Delegates to accept. Unless that sum could
be made up in some way, it was useless to continue the negotiations. As
no expedient was at hand to make good the deficiency, the negotiations were
adjourned till next day. Next morning, Sir G-eo. Cartier entered the Privy
Council Chamber and stated that Parliament had ofiered Newfoundland,
$ 1 50,000 a year for ever for all her Crown Lands, and that he proposed to give
British Columbia, $100,000 a year for ever for a belt of land not exceeding
20 miles in widlh on each side of the Railway. This was promptly accepted ;
and Mr. Ti\;tch immediately drew up the Railway Land Clause,
of right to
> raises this
to negotiate
lis fact that
hem within
lereis some
new terms
al, whether
the attempt
he Railway
inly is most
know the
}h Columbia
I at 120,000 ;
ion, namely,
rs :
33,289 tl
48,000 00
35,000 00
$116,289 71
of British
sum could
ations. As
ations were
I the Privy
foundland,
osed to give
t exceeding
Y accepted ;
^3
Any ono'who will carefully examine the Railway Land Clause on page
3, and recollect that Mr. Trutch drew it up, cannot but feel fully convinced
that so well drawn a clause would have contained a provision providing
for the selection of land " suitable for farming or other valuable purposes "
in lieu of lands, within the Railway Land belt that, "on investigation,"
might be found valueless, if such subject had been discussed between Sir
G-eo. Cartier and himself.
It will be seen, on page 4, that when Mr. Trutch moved in the Legis-
lative Council the adoption of the Terms of Union, he said that •' he could
not do better now than pass them in review and comment upon their
relative advantages." He stated that the nominal population of 120,000
" was objected to by the Canadian Government, and was fixed at 60,000 as
"the basis of the financial portion of the terms," and that " The Railway
" subsidy was in return for a belt of land 20 miles on each side of the line of
" the /oad." Not a word is mentioned about selecting good land any where
throughout the Province for what might be found valueless in the belt. So
the Railway Land Clause was accepted by the Legislative Council without
inquiry and interpreted according to the true intent and meaning of words
and sentences, although Mr. Trutch stated (page 4) that " the Delegates
" wore present to explain the exact meaning of every clause as they under-
" stood it at the time of the making of the Terms."
The mountainous and sterile character of a large part of the Province
was well known to the Delegates, and to Mr. Trutch in particular ; for he
carried with him to Ottawa a copy of u map of the Province generally
known as "Trutch's Map," intended for publication, which represented the
country generally as a " Sea of Mountains," and which was taken to the
photographer of the Public Works Department to be copied. The Dominion
Q-ovo^*iment cannot, then, plead ignorance of the rough and mountainous
" the country.
•^sked, why did the Railway Land Clause prohibit the
•■•t from selling any land within the TVovince
of the Union, and why was it only allowed
ason why they were not allowed to sell
wii ae to the fact that the line of Railway had
not b^ J being allowed within which to make surveys
and loc^ .g that time it would have been unfair to the Domi-
23^
vl
h\ \
%
nion to soil lands that in common fiirnoss ought to inure to its benefit.
Pre-e;aptions wore allowed so as not to st;)p the actual seHlement of the
country. If the line had b;>en located in 1S73 on the adopted route, some
hundreds of thousands acres of g)ol land within the belt would have passed
to the Dominion that aro now in private hands.
It will bo observed that Ih > liiilway Land Clause says nothing about
ihe (juality of the land, wh ', iht valuuble i'or farminuf land or any other
useful purpose. It simply speaks o'i qictiilitt/ ; and whatever quantity had
been alienat;'d under Crown Grant or Tre-eraption was to be made good
from r.ontiiXitoHS lands, — not from lands selected anywhere or everywhere
throughout th'.^ Province.
The fact is the Dominion did not want the lands. It was only an
excuse to give the Province a subsidy sufficient to <"arry on its government
and make internal improvenieni;s, — oii the same principle as the $ir)0,000
had been offered to Nivvfoundland. Mr. Anglin (page IG) stated that "the
Minister of Customs had admitted that it was only an excuse to give the
money, and that the lands were not wanted." Any contention, therefore,
at this late day, about the quality ol the land in the Railway belt, is most
mischievous.
Sir Alex. Campbell, when he moved in the Senate, the adoption of the
address for the admission of Ihitish Columbia staled very frankly the views
of the GovernmvMit as to th^ valuo of thii Railway lands as a source of
revenue. lie siid (page 0) " It will be remembered that, in the case of New-
foundland, we agreed to give her $150,000 per annum for laud for ever. IL
urns not believiil in llm( case, nor is it lv this, that the land loouJd yield any
revenue equal to that su:n ; but it was valua])le in some resp3;-ts ; and it wm
felt necessary to assist Newfoundland beyond the 80 cents per head of her
population."
This statement alone, taken as a governmental utterance, and as an
expression of the views of the Dominion Government as to the value of the
Railway Lands at that time, ought, in itself, to quiet forever all contention
about the quality of the land in the Railway Land belt.
Reference to and careful examination of the two Statutes of British
Columbia in the Appendix establish, beyond controversy, that the Provincial
Government has kept fiiith with the Dominion, and conveyed to it by
its benefit.
emeiit of the
rout{% some
d have passed
sthing about
)r any other
[uaiitity had
; made good
everywhere
vas only an
government
the $ir)0,000
;ed that " the
to give the
n, therefore,
)elt, is most
ption of the
ly the views
a source of
iasG of New-
or ever, ll
thl yield any
; and it wm
lioad of her
and as an
ralue of the
contention
-^Jj
Tli
Statute every loot of laud U is entitled to for Railway pur,H»o8 ■ and
speaking „„ my own personal responsibility, stands ready to ^1:1^
^m contiguous lands an a,.a e^ual to what the Proviuee has alienafS b1
Crown Grant and Pre-emption. "«««*i. u oy
A. DeCOSMOS.
Ottawa, November 20, 1880.
§
%
s of British
s Provincial
d to it by
((
0 00
Sect. 11.— $100,000 per annum for Railway lands 10(^,000 UQ
Total subsidy to B. C $216,289 71
Prom Mr. Tbutch's Speeoit, reported in "Colonist," 1871.
Financial terms :
60,0'I0 population at 80 cts $ 48.000
Annual subsidy 35,000
Difference in debt at 5 per cent 2!).908
Annual allowance for railway lands 100,000
Total subsidy $2I2,9U8
• Proposed temw o' B.O. were that B.O. be allowed 6 per cent on difference between ■H o mrd
debt and the proportion of the pablic debt of Oaoada for 120,0C0, estimated at $83,000 for subgidy on
allowej debt.
•• $1,000,405.03. Seuional Papert, B.O., 1873-74, page 69.
500 00
(05 66
JU 34
■ K
(1
((
--
if
■((
((
((
((
«
i(
?89 11
101) 00
loO 00
)0(» UO
((
l(
<(
it
■it
589 71
it
871.
18.000
15,000
ID.908
0,000
b.oos
letweea ■HoWCd
lo for subsidy on
o^'^^
8
DEBATE IN LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ON
ADMISSION OP THAT PROVINCE INTO UNION.
Ftcm, Sritiah Cohnist Report.
Subject : Eailwat Lands.
Section 11, clause 2.
" And tho Govcinmont of Britibh Columbia agree to convey to the Dominion
Government, in trust, to be appropriated in puch manner as the Dominion Gorern-
ment may deem advieablo in furthoranr;e of the conBtruction of the said railway, a
Himilar extent of public lands, along the line cfrailxcay throughout its entire length
in British Columbia, not to exceed, however, twenty (20) miles on each side of said
line, as may be appropriated for the same by the Dominion Government from the
?ublic lands in the North West Territories and the Province of Manitoba,
'rovided that * the quantUy of land which may be held under preemption
or by Crown Grant within the limits of the tract of land in British
Columbia to be eo conveyed to the Dominion Government shall be made good to the
Dominion from contiguous public lands ; and, provided further, that until the
commencement, within two years, as aforesaid, from the date of Union, of the
construction of the said railway, the Government of British Columbia shall not sell
or alienate any further portions of tho public lands of British Columbia in any other
way, than under right of pre-emption, requiring actual residence of the pre emptor
on the land claimed by him. In consideration of the land so conveyed in aid of the
construction of the said railway the Dominion Government agree to pay to Biitish
Columbia from the date of Union, the sum of 100,000 dollars per annum, in half-
yearly payments in advance."
British Colonist, January 19, 1871.
Extract from leader
"Our Legislature, yesterday, presented a struagfl study. Just think of it I A
" Legislature created, we might say, ior tho express parpose of deciding the great
" question of Confederation, giving a unanimous vote in silonce, save only what toa*
^' said by the mover and eeconder ! "
SPEECH OF Mr. TRUTCH AND OTHERS ON ADOPTION OF TERMS
OF UNION.
Legislative Council, January 18, 1871. — Colonist report published January 19, 1871.
"Hon. Chief Commissioner in rising to move the Orders of the day, said it
'" devolved on him, as one of the Delegatus appointed by tho Governor to negotiate
* NoitiinK (aid uf qualitj.
^//o
*' the terms of Union with Canada, to now lay before the Council for conmderation
" and adoption the terms agreed to by the Government of the Dominion of Canada
m * * * * :,073 for Local Government. Thin was based upon tho Estimates
" of this year. We had, therefore, a balance of 8147,285, at the disposal of tho Local
" Government, all the services being provided for which are estimated for the
" current year. Accoi'ding to tho scheme of lust year, tho balance in favor of the
" Local Government was 8151,050 ; but during tho present fiscal year, tho revenue
" has decreasf>d, and the financial basis started with tho population at 60,000 instead
"of at 8120.000."
" The Delegates had more trouble with tho Graving Dock item than with all
*' other clauses put together."
^P ^^ *^ *^ *^ '^ 0j% ^p ^K *S
" In tho railway Clause, the Colony does not get any coach road ; but they get
" a SPEEDIER COMPLETION of the railroad than was sutrgested last year, and are
" OFFERED 8100,0ilO FOR EVER FOR A CERTAIN BELT OF LAND ALONG THE RAILROAD TO
" BE HELD IN TRUST BY THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT."
*
*
" The Government would lay before tho Council tho form ot an Address, which
" would be open to amendment, and the delegates were present to explain the exact
" HEANiNO OF EVERY CLAUSE as they Understood it at the time of making the terms,"
" Hon. Dr. Helmcken seconded tho ret^olntion of tho hon. Chief Commissioner
" to go into Committee." *****!»:
" The motion to go into Committee was then passed unanimously, and the
"Council resolved itself into Committee of the Whole, Mr. Pemberton in the chair."
" The Committee took up considoration of the Address and Terms, which are as
" follows :—
" To the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty : "
"Clauses 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were passed unanimously.
" At clause 7, Mr. Nathan said that he was prepared to support the immediate
*' acceptance of tho Canadian tariff and would therefore move that consideration of
*-' this clause be deferred.
''Hon. Chief Commissioner said it was not necessary at this time to move the
" adoption of tho Canadian Tariff, — it could be done at any future time— say on
« Monday."
" Mr. Nathan accepted the view of tho hon. Chief Commissioner, and clause 7
" was then passed."
onmderation
\ of Canada
Termti and
tho Council
mment upon
ially to tho
ho nominal
041 80. This
ind was fixed
'in;; Indians
Grovernmont
)cal ^overn-
30,U00 inha-
:e of dobt at
; a total of
20 MILES OK
bin, and wc
bia had only
10 Estimaios
of tho Local
ted lor the
■avor of the
Iho revonuo
,000 instead
lan with all
at they got
ar, AND ARE
AILROAD TO
resp, which
the EXACT
HE TERMS."
nimissioQor
y, and tho
the chair."
lioh are a&
.-?^
y^
immediate
deration of
> move the
le — say on
id claaso 7
"At clause 10, Mr. Bunstor moved that tho woi-d Naiiaimo l»o added instead of
" Kdquimalt, as Nanaimo was tho place at which a dry dock should be built.
" Mr. Nathan expressed an intention of moving an address to the Governor asking
" for an extended guarantee for the Dock.
" Mr. Bunster pressed his amendment (laughter). Hon. gentlemen might laugh,
^* but if they only know the advantages Nanaimo had, they wouldn't laugh. (Re-
" newcd merriment.)
" The clause passed, Mr. Bunster dissenting.
" The remaining clauses were t hen passed unanimously and amid much applause."
''^' * :|: :!: ji< sK * .-1: ;|c
" The Committee rose and reported progress, and asked leave to sit again."
AMENDMENTS RBSPECTING RAILWAY LANDS.
Extracts from Journals of Commons, 18T1.
Pages 162-3. March 30.
" Mr. Eoss (Dundas) moved in amendment thereto, seconded by Mr. Jones
" (Leeds and Grenvilie), " That the words * * * * « The said terras also pledge
" tho government to a yearly payment to BritiHh Columbia of tho sum of $100,000
" in perpetuity, equal to a capital of $2,000,000 for tho cession of a tract of waste
" land on the route of the Pacific Railway to aid in its construction, which British
" Columbia ought to cede without charge in like manner, as tho lands of Canada are
" proposed to be ceded for the same purpose." ^: * * * * *
Motion lost 75 to 80.
Pago 153. 23th March.
Mr. Mackenzie had tho above clause in his motion of 28th March.
Page 19?. March 31.
" Mr. Blake moved in amendment, seconded by the Hon. Mr. Smith, (West-
" moreland). That all tho words after "That" to the end of tho question bo left
** out, and the words " the proposed terms of Union with Britiwh Columbia provide
" for the payment by the Dominion to British Columbia of a yearly sum of $100,000
" in perpetuity (equal to a capital sum of $2,000,000) for tho cession of a tract of
*' waste land on the route of tho proposed Pacidc Railway to aid in its construction,
" while any such land roiuired for that purpose should bo ceJod without charge in
" like manner as the lands of ^he Dominion are to be ceded, and that the said resolo-
" tions be recommitted for the purpose of amending the same in accordance with
'" this resolution," inserted instead thereof: "
NoTS— This ames'^mtatlwas loat. 69 to 81.
-'//-'
l»AiailAMKNTAUY nilMATKH ON ADMISSION OK HUITISII CoriUMniA,
im;i.
I
%o «(JI,Ollu\vii, Mmt'li 2H, l^TI
< « %^ . t .A. .1. .1. . . *l«
"Sih<;ko. K. Cahtiku— ♦ + ♦ " Tho dolo^aloH of Mrilinh
»r
no
ipoMKiivio lo oDitiin iho nNHt>iii. ol I'liriiiiinoiii (<> hiiimi torniH, moy
" utlowcd tlio |)0|iiiliition (<> Lo ))ul at ()(),0()l)
« « « ¥ « 4< >t<
Thl» ,rt(>o'«iih«My for" •* popiiUlion of 120,000; l»iit on Immii^ inlorniotl lluit il wmild lie
KailwKT Unit b<lf thin i'hiu^c «/• i.< unJi'r .//.i •«.<,<('.»« hrfwf'n the >l)'fr.f(it,'x iinih»sKn \\\ TiiR l><>MiNloM thilt the rvi'rtny fh'>ul hi|ii«io inilcH of
" Irtnil, or ftO,.0 000 in rrt>< of l.in-l. not mrrki.v A«mi«'ui.TimAi. i.ani», iiiit minriiai.
" UkJi\>. IMAi'in^ tlmt liiiiil lU tt pof noro, it would ho opiitl to n ^rant ot' |50,:i*iO,0*>^^
" townnln iho oouHlruction of tlio railway. It wan proptmod to j^ivo tlio roloiiy
"$100,000 per nnnum, wliirh, ]'!noinj; tlio IntiM'OHt at por oont,, would l)o tho
"Jannual int»M"OHt on 2,000,0 jO ncrcH of laml. lonvinj^ tlio romaiiulor to bo u«od by
" t!ii» (Jovornmont."
h ■■ *
Phkc t)Cr».
" Sir a. T. (iai.t * * * •« The ronult whr tlio colony would receive 1150,000 to
" inOOOO op«lation, rir^/Mir* j|,'<>, twice tho size of Ontario, wouM) iiK in a ro.siTioN
OoT't propo»\l to " TO DEVKl.OP THK RK80URCES OF THEIR COIINTKY WITHOUT A8SIHT-
giTe $100,000 for " ANCE, — AND THAT ASSISTANCE was tchat the Government propoHed to
r»Uw«y Und« wm « render in the vro/yosition htforc the House. The member for Shcrbrookc
merely to (rive Pro- . , , ... /i ii i >• , .1 ^ ^i ,, ^11.
TinceenonjrhtoMr- had said ihot he wonld have prtfe.rred that the (iovernment should
Tj on local works. " ?uire covie doicn and asked a direct vote for that purpc^e ; but ho
•• would romi?id the hon. member that he hud not been in favor of that mode, when
" it was pro^xisod with reference to Newfoundland. * * -^ * •'*
After recess. Pages 6l»fl and 670.
" Hon Mr. Tillkt resumed the debate. He had been pointing out the difforenco
" between the proposition of Britivsh Columbia, and that adopted ultimately, which
" he regarded as the more favorable to the Dominion. * j|e * *
*♦ The expense for local works would hardly amount to as much as tho hon. member
*' for Sherbrooke estimated they would. Excluding the anmial sum of $100,000 for
'^ ^
<^./
)riifMmA,
of ttriliuli
T luHtil for
il woiilil \w
(onuM, (hoy
lfn^ IT WAH
ro inilt'H of
IT MINRHAI.
•»0;iii(),OiM)
tlio «'()loiiy
mlVfr
iiH whiht tho ntvortiio w(ih |!(,000 mv iirirnim,
')/( tlif. name vino
" the. Iiind iftmif mihI (ho (•xpi'tiHOM ol (Ih< ii(, (hi''.(i ill (ho (iilimv Thn iliirt'irnco (hi'icCoio wmm iioI, ho j,'roMt nClor nil.
" l"'.v<'ii Nii|t|inMiri|^ lhii( (lio Imi'iil < JuvtMiiimiiil hIhmiIiI ncii'|il, our lovvoi* dirill'. (ho
" lovtinio Woiilil loiich »;i(IH,(llMI. '/'/i'' 8i|l»0,0(HI ii'n.t, Ihrrrfnn', thiiiiiiuunt ofrjiirndilurt'
" m ri'(T.i.s of inriiitM, nud fur Uiih fhr (Si virmuvut rrmrril a liirijr i/ninf of i iiliuihir hirnl.
" Now llio t|iiohliMii wiiH JH (ho union of (ho ('oloiiy uoilh (ho cohI."
:|< iH >N >l< if< .K •>! Hi :|i
l'n^(-H"(172, (I7;i.
"Hon Mil. MAcKHN/.m. — •' * '' lio woiiM roiiHonl, 1o u lonHiilornhlo ^innf
" of tnoiioy to omry on (ho 'iovornrron( ol'ii now (-'olony, iiimI |iiii'(ioiihtrly of hikIi u
" (llflh-iill ooiindy iih ('ohiinhia, iiidI ho woiiM not hIkiw liimHolt' Iohh lihctal Ihnu any
" olhcr nionihor of (ho lloiiNo in coiiHidoi iii^; whal oii^h( to ho «|.ino in Ihn proMorit
The Klijpriiiia iif Mr. " cano. fn (ho. ilmruxmnn in rrffrrner. to IVfiifouni/lfini/, he preferred
lurk-nilt wnilotnltinic .1 „n„,,^i„,, ,. -,,,,, /,,
o»..rUii. UiKl, n,)ltolli« „ (^'o^tmi a hivH4 Into (ho colony ^orrohoral<;(l (ho barrcnnoKH of
" (lio land." ****** t-l. *
****'• Tho naid lermH alno pioilf^o tho (fovornmont
" ofC/aiiadn to a yearly paymonl (o HriliHh ('oliimbin of tho Hum of 1100,000 in
" iinrtiotiiilv, equal to n capi(al huiii of |'j, 000,000 for (ho cohhIoo of a tract ol woHto
" lAnil of tlio i-oiilo of tho I'acilio Uiiilway (o aid in itH conHtruc(ioii, whi'di BritiHh
" (^olumbia oiii^ht to rodo without charf^o, in liko tnanncr an tho laiidH of (Januda aro
" pronoH<»d to bo coded for tho Harno purpOMo." jf **;)«• ¥
** ***** *-H*
I'uKO 714, Oltawa, March .'iO, 1871.
" Hon. Mn. Mourih * * * «« \{q aHkod tho Houko HoriuuHly tho natiiro and
" character of (ho land nropoHcd to ho ac(|uired. Tho land corisiHlod of (ho Mnitod
" I'rovinco of BridHh C-olumbin and Vancouver Inland ; and noono could deny would
'• ineroano onoimoUHly (ho wealth, tho roHoiirccH, and tho fironpority of iho ]>oniinion."
"Ho had Hovoral ex(rno(M from workH on tho country, showin;.? itH valuahlo naluro
" and ;: ^ ;i: s): :f; :(c
Pago 720.
" Whero was the population to come iVom ? When it was well known that the
" population of British Columbia had materially decreased of late years !
*' only be explained by the fact that the country was not inviting to settlers '^
It could
Pago 726.
Hon. Mr. McDouoall. — '■^' -•- -^ " Through and beyctid the Kocky Mountains,
" thf. country was of a nature most difficult for a railway and most discouraging as regards
" the prospects of settlement and traffic." -•• *
^^
Pago 727.
" Tm same might be stiid of the money grant, which, though based on a larger population
** tluxn really existed did not form a serious objection ; for it bad always been understood
*' that the small Provinces should bu enabled to carry on the Government and local
" works, and ho would be quito ready to vote directly a sufficient sum to enable British
*' Columbia to meet her expenses. * * =(:
*
Page 744. March 31, 1871.
" UoN. Mil. Mackenzie li^aid that in the speech of the hou. Minister of Militia,
tho statement had boon made thit one third of the land in British Columbia was fit
for agriculture But it was admitted that this staiemeiit embraced the Island of
Vancouver. Now. in dealing uith this quesVo.x, the Island mast not be taken into
consideration at all. From all the evidence he could obtain respecting the mainland,
not One fifth of it "'CIS available for sitle'nent by finners, and the remaining four fifths
through which the road was likely to run, had yet to be proved good for milling purposes.
It was 8imi)ly absurd to put the price of thai land ai $1 per aero. *
*
Pages 748-7 1!>.
'- Sir Geo. E. Cartieb. — ••' * * I'or the t^ake of tho member for Lanibton
" himself, he ^ru'^tod his spoec h would not bo reported, and especially that part in
lid be much
nanagc them
arliamentary
fficers, and to
Government ;
House know
*
I Cololonistf a
J of the route
ins.' If this
'ertile country,
iin a railway
understand
?oro aaked to
own that the
irs! It could
y Mountains ,
fjinj as regards
•(jer population
on undordtood
ent aitd local
enable British
or of Militia,
lumbia was fit
(ho Iblund of
be taken into
the mainland,
dug four fifths
rning purposes.
for LanibtOD
that part in
J'y^J-
9
" which he had spoken of tho character of the land in tho most disadvantageous
" terms ; and yet ho Haid ho was in favor of building the railway as soon as poutiiblo.
" If the land was as described by the hon. morabor, why should a railway be built at
« all. * * * * * *:»£♦
Pago 749.
' The hon. membors opnosito had been sufficiently unpatriotic to roprosont tho
'' country as that it would never attract immigration, and he quoted from tho pro-
" coodings of the House of Heprosontalivos of the Stato of Minnonota, speaking of the
" Canadian line as practicable, and tho territories of the North West and British
" Columbia as tho most fertile on the continent. * * * * *
" Mr. Mackenzie denied that he had done anything to decry tho country,"
" Hon. Sir Geo. E. CARTisa was glad he had given tho hon. member an oppor-
" tunity to correct himself. He quoted an article from an American paper, copied
" into the Globe, characterizing the Saskatchewan country as most valuable in Hoil
" and minerals, and British Columbia as possessing rich mineral res-
" sources, magnificent climate and fine soil. It was lortunate the truth
" could be ascertainoil, even if it came from opponents."
;(: ;;: * * :(e * t- *
American paper's
statement.
Pjigo 755.
M. Blake moved in amondment.
(See also Journal of Commons, page 11)3, March 31, 18TI.)
Ottawa, April 1, 1671.
Address carried.
DEBATES IN SE.NATE ON ADMISSION OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.
Sknate, April d, 18T1.
Pago 770.
" H<»n. Mr. Ca.mi'be(.l, •'»' * * * Now I com^ to that item which provide*
" that Dominion government agree to piy British Columbia the sum of %U\0.0<*0, in
" consideration of the land alonusiuk the raii.wat. It will be remembered th'it,in
" case of i\ewfoundlanl x . l
"tho Dominion ON the line op railway. Surely that cannot bo
" considered an unreasonable arrangement; in fact, I hAve not heard any one Hay so."
" In Ontario, it if expected that alternate sections of 20 miles will be given for
'* the construction of the ro:;d, whereas British Columbia gives a continuous grant of 20
" miles on each side. Therefore the quantity of land given by that colony is two fold.
" Therefore tho item respecting the land can be defended successfully with respect to the
^^ necessities and requirements of the country. wniX in a lesser degree,
Necessity toRire « |jy y^^ cession ot the land itself which the Dominion is to receive."
B. 0. revenue. -^
Pago 793.
\
I ,
W:
m '
11'-'
v'
h
*!'1H
m
" Hon. Mr. Miller * * * British Columbia including Vancouver Island^ as
" they were well aware, was tho most western dependency of England on this oon-
"tinent. * * * The country, although in many parts broken and uneven, contains
" much valuable agricultural land, equal to the support of a great population. * "
" British Columbia is known to contain coal formations ot immense extent. * * *
"Then copper abounded in the colony, and also magnetic iron orc,marblo, limestone,
" sandstone, &c. Its gold fields had a world-wide reputation.
Page 796.
" lion. Mr. Miller * * * yy^^ financial arrangements had
" doubtless been settled on accurate information and a full investigation of the wants and
" circumstances of the Colony."
1 age 809.
" Hon. Mr. Sandborn, * * * Whilst the government
undertake to incur so enormous an expenditure in connection with the railway, they
agree to />rtry $100,000 yearly in consideration of the land, advanced for the construction
of that work. How the government could over entertained a proposition of that
character I cannot understand. If B'^itisb Columbia has any interest in having
this road built and uniting with Canada, surely sho ought to be willing to give up
so much of her territory as will be necessary for the purpose of securing communi-
cation between them and us. Tho more I consider tho financial features of tho
scheme, as respects tho railway, the more I see their unfairness, and am convinced
of my duty to oppose them." :i: * * * * *
Pago 810.
" Hon. Mr. McPherson -'= * * Now, with respect to the
'^financial features of the scheme, every onr must admit that it is absolutely necessary
" that British Columbia should h'lve the ability to support her local government and of
" meeting her local requirements. Tho Dominion tgreos to pay an annual subsidy of
"$35,000, as in tho cases of tho other Provinces; also. 80 cents per head, equivalent
"to $48,000; these sums amount to only $83,1100, if AjcA /s evidently altogether inade-
^^ quale to meet the local wants of this Colony. Tiibhekore it was
Reuonj^Twm,ooo ..yo„„^ necessary to supplement thit amount by $100,000-no very
" extravagant sum certainly.
'^ ]f instead of $'do,(M)0, it had been shown that $l3r»,000 was required by British
" Columbia in oi'dor to maintain her Provincial services, and maUo such local
•♦ improvements as sho would require, this country could not have objected to give it,
" and that too without an equivalent in the shape of land. Instead of that, however, the
11
-^^
y
isfactcry to
ivhole Htato
3 $1.»0,0L'0,
I to cede to
t cannot bo
no say so."
e pfiven for
grant of 20
Im twofold.
ispect to the
:r deqree,
:o receive."
r Island, as
1 this con-
en, contains
•?* "I* ^
*
limestone,
\gen\enta had
le wants and
rovei'nment
liiwiiy, they
construction
on of that
in having
to give up
f communi-
ures of tho
\ convinced
spect to the
ly necessary
meat and of
subsidy of
equivalent
ether inade-
ORB it was
0—no very
by British
such local
i to give it,
vrever, the
" Government of tho Dominion has stipulated that a strip of land, 40 miles wide,
" should be given along the route of tho proposed railway in British Columbia. If
" the informaiion we have is at all correct, that land must become very valuable in
" the course of time, and I think the country has every reason to be i?atiafied with
" this part of the arrangement. * * ,c :[; * *■
Pages 81 ( and 815.
" Hon. M. Dever: — In answer to the remarks of somo of tho Opposition us to
•* the value of the possessions in question, no bettor answpr could bo given than the
" f "Mowing statement taken from the Now York Tribune of a late date. Spoaking of
" the rossources of British Ameiicn, the New York Tribune said -. * * *
" Beyond tho Rocky Mountains is British Columbia, abounding with gold, and
" containing the best and most abundant coal mines yet found on the Pacific Slope.
" It has a superior soil, a magnificent climate, angraphical
country
that for
I < ultivable
jucing anj
^<^
13
" kind of crops." In reference to this plateau, it is stated that it contains millions of
" acres of good ground where large tracts of land are sure to bo taken up an soon as
" the first communications are established. The writer further observes " that the
" Indian horses pass the winter out of doors without fodder or stabling, the best
** proof that the winters are not very severe ; " and while speaking of a portion of the
" country as rough, clearly indicates its fertile character, and adaptability for cul-
" tivation and grazing." ***** iK 3i« :(?
April 5. Page 90C.
"Hon. Mr. Christie—* * * $100,000 for piyment of land," * * *
"This, added to the $97,800 before mentioned gives the colony $144,800, and repro-
" pents the annual cost to the Dominion, over revenue, including the payment for
" land." * * *
Page 907.
" West of this to the Pacific, the countrv is almost worthless for agricultural
" purposes, — there is a good deal of mineral wealth, some valuable fisheries, but no
" farming lands. In conversation with my friend, the hon. Malcolm Cameron, I was
" informed b_y that gentleman that his own observation and all the information ho
" could gather during a visit to that country in 1862, had led him to the conclusion
" that only very small proportions of Britihh Columbia could bo made available for
" agricultural purposes. In the small intcrsticial valleys, there was fertile lands;
" but the quantity was very inconsiderable and even those valleys were liable to
" inundation by the Juno torrents. The uplands wore poor and rocky. The prairie
" portions were covered by a grass well-known to the Western men as " bunch grass ; "
" unfit for pasture, and indicating a poor sterile soil. Mr. Cameron only sav^ two
" gooil firms in tho whole country; they were on Vancouver Island, and had been
" made good by a largo expenditure of money. On his return to Canada, Mr.
" Cameron gave a fair statement of the country and its resources, for which ho was
" asMiik'd in strong terms in a letter, signed by some forty persons from Canada, who
" had emigrated to British Columbia, 'i'lwy declared that Mr. Cameron's statements
" were calculated to mislead Canadians, and were altogether too favorable to the
" country, which was unfit for agricultural purposes. The letter in question will be
" found in the Globe of the 18th February, IH6S. It is signed by persons from many
" parts of Canada, and many of them well known to some of my colleagues, as
" persons of respectability and industrious habits, who went there as pioneers of
'* civilisation, it is evident that money, and money alone, must build this railway."
•v-
*
*
Page 911.
" Hon. Mr. BoTSFOBD. * * * No one denies that British Columbia possesses
" many valuable resources, — that it has the finest coal on the Pacific coast — in itself a
" great element of wealth— that it has fi-nheries which must be a very lucrative source
" of commerce, — that it has gold, to an extent of which oven yet wo cannot form an
" accurate idea, besides many other minerals. What then is this great stum'^ling
" block ? "
Pago 917.
" Hon. Mr. Odell. * * * "With all tho information before mo I do not soo
" that we can derive much revenue from the resources of Briti^h Columbia. If wo
" aro to pay the expenses of their government, and ovorything connected with it, —
" if wo aro to build this railway, why too aro we called upon to pay $100,000 for the
" right of way through the country which thoy ought to give freely. Tho mode of
M
u
in
-*— rrsr;
MJMjtMMflMJMMM-^
" «n)>mi(