t^ \^ai ^ >, .VJ>^. \^ \^^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) // !.0 I.I 1.25 If 1^ n^ IB 1& |2.2 S IS lllio 1.8 U III 1.6 '/, 72 v: .■% ■^4.'^ •V Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 (V ^^ ^ W"^ V" \ \\ %^ o^ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMK Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiquea \ G\\.) Mearns. 1890. British Columbia. (Mearns.) Met with in the interior only ; in August they were passing southwards in flocks of considerable size. (Streator) East of Coast Range, B.C., straggling west (in winter) to lower Eraser and Vancouver Island. I found it at the summit of the Coast Range in June, 1891. {Fanniti.) One shot out of a flock of twelve March 3'.st, 1894, at Seymour Creek, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (E. F. G. White.) Tolerably common resident at Chilliwack, B.C. ; common winter resident at Okanagan, B.C. {Brooks.) Valley of the Columbia. {Lord.) Seen as a spring migrant at Banff, Rocky Mountains in April, 1891, (perhaps the eastern form) ; quite common along both Arrow lakes, Columbia River, B.C. in June, 1890 ; rather common in small flocks at the mouth of Pass Creek, near Robson, B.C.; they were apparently getting ready for a second brood, June 21st; eating poplar buds ; May 15th, 1901, observed a flock of about fifteen at Chilliwack, B.C. ; a small flock was seen at Penticton, B. C, April 14th, 1903 ; one seen near Victoria, Vancouver Island, May 24th, 1893, the only one seen that summer. {Spreadborough.) In April, 1887, a small flock seen at Comox, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) CLXXXIV. PINIOOLA Vieillot. 1807. 515. Fine Grosbeak. Pinicola eniicleator leiicura (Muller) Richmond. 1902. An abundant summer resident at Fort Chimo, Labrador; breeds there, nest and eggs obtained. Plentiful in southern districts CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 417 among timbered tracts. Resident south of the " height of land." {Packard) One seen at Richmond Gulf, July 1st, 1896; not again observed in Labrador. {Spreadboroufrh) Three specimens taken at Cullingham's Cove, Hamilton Inlet, Labrador, 1891. {Norton.) Common throughout the year in Newfoundland. {Reeks.) Com- mon in winter in Nova Scotia. {Downs.) Abundant during Dec- ember and first two weeks in January in Cumberland Co., N.S., after which none were seen, with the exception of one pair seen at Shulee, April 3rd, 1899. {Morrell.) Common in the spruce woods north of Atillik, northeast coast of Labrador, beyond which spruces dwindled into low bushes. {Bi-eloiv) A flock of several was seen at .Sydney, Cape Breton Island, N.S., May 24th 1902. Known locally as " Ortolan." {C. R. Harte) Appears regularly about the first of December at Kings Co., N.S and remains till March. {H. Tufts) Common in New Brunswick in wmter. {Chambet lain) Rare summer resident near Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B., breeds to the north of the province. {W.H. Moore ) Found nesting in the valley of Restigouche, N.B. {Brittain& Cox) Common in the winter at Lake Mistassini, Que. (/. M. Macotin) Common summer resident in eastern Quebec. {Dionne) A com- mon winter visitant at Montreal ; they often visit the city in such places where mountain ash trees with berries are to be found- observed from October 30th to April 26th. {Wintle) Irregularly abundant at Ottawa, Ont. It appeared in immense numbers in the winter of 1882-3 and again in 1888-9 as did many others of our wmter birds. {Ottiwa Naturalist, Vol. V.) More or less com- mon in Ottawa every winter. {Macoun) In March. 1895, I saw several of these birds at Lansdowne, Ont., feeding on the seeds of the black ash. In the month of June, 1897, 1 found them common on the Magdalen Islands,Que.,where a few breed in the thick woods. {Rev. C.J. Young) A common winter resident, sometimes ap- pearing in immense flocks. In the districts of Parry Sound and Muskoka, in September, 1898, I saw small flocks feeding on the tops of the highest pines. (/ H. Fleming) A winter visitor at Guelph ; fairly common some years, in others entirely absent. {A. B. Klugh) A winter resident at Penetanguishene, Ont. Very plentiful during the winter of 1900 and 1901, when the beech nuts were a very heavy crop, at which time they could be seen in the beech woods picking at the hulls of the remaining nuts. {A F. Young) ^ 4i8 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. A somewhat common winter visitor in Manitoba; possibly nest- ing in the northern spruce woods. {Thompson- St ton.) A male was seen perched on a tree overhanyintj Mill River, near the mouth of Fox River, July 8th, 1900 ; the species was repotted to us by the residents at Fort Churchill. {Edxvnrd A. Preble.) On Aj)rd 15th, 1892, shot a male at Indian Head, Assa., his stomach was full of poplar and willow buds and a few seeds of the wild buckwheat ; none was seen afterwards. (Spreadborough.) This species leads a tjuiet and retired life in the j,domiest recesses of the coniferous forests ; it is seldom seen. It was not observed north of the sixtieth parallel by any member of the expedition. It builds its nest on the lower branches of a tree and feeds chiefly upon the seeds of the spruce. {Richardson.) North, op the Mac- kenzie River, to I'ort Good Hope ; not rare. {Ross.) In the spring of 1861 an Indian discovered a nest of this species about 60 miles south of Fort Anderson, we never disc vered another. {Macfarlane.) Tolerably common in small flocks and more frequently seen along the banks of both branches of the Saskatch- ewan. This bird is one of our constant winter visitors, arriving about the end of October and leaving about the end of March. {Coubeaux.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Nine ; three taken at Ottawa in December, 1888, by Mr. G. R. White ; two taken at Ottawa in January, 1889, by Mr. S. Herring; one purchased with the Holman collection in 1885 ! two taken at Bracebridge, Ont., March, 1892, and one at Indian Head, Assa., April, 1892, by Mr. W. Spreadborough. 515a. Rocky Mountain Fine Orosbeak. Pinicola enucleator montaita Ridgw. 1898. This species was taken at Banff, Rocky Mountains in 1891 ; both old and young birds seen at Canmore near Banff in June, 1885; saw two on a mountain on the north side of the Miette River near Jasper House, Alta., August 29th, 1898; common around Revelstoke, B.C., up to April 28th, 1890; their chief food was buds of balsam poplar ; seen as late as May 23rd in the Eagle Pass, B.C.; and one seen near the summit of a mountain at Rob- son, Columbia River, B.C., June 24th, 1890; observed a small flock at an altitude of about 5030 feet east of the Columbia River CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 419 - the International Hoimilary, B.C., September loth, 1902. KKHKi)iN(i NoTKS. -I have a nest and 4 ej^gs that were taken at Banff in the Rocky Mountains, June 3rfi, i«q6. The nest is com- posed of twigs, roots, and grass ; lined with fine roots and hair. It was built on the branch of a spruce tree about 15 feet from the ground. {\V. Raine.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Two, taken at Revelstoke, B.C., April 23rd, 1890, by Mr. VV. Spreadborough. 515c. Alaskan Pine Grosbeak. Pitiicola cnucleator alascensis Ridgw. 1898. Northwestern North America, including wootled portions of Alaska except Kadiak and the southern coast district, south in winter to Montana and eastern British Columbia. {Rid^zvay.) A winter visitant to the valley of the Chilli.vack River, B.C. ; common winter resident in Cariboo district ; breeds in the timber zone and winters at Okanagan on the mountains. {Brooks.) Not rare on Mount Queest, Gold Range,Shuswap Lake, B.C., alt. 6000 feet, August, 1889. {Spreadborough.) East and west of Coast Range, except Vancouver Island, also taken at Fort Simpson, B.C., by W. B. Anderson. {Fa/inin.) Along the entire west and northwest coast of America from Vancouver Island north to within the Arctic Circle, this bird occurs in greater or less abundance. The only breaks in this range are the treeless areas which occur along the coast of Behring Sea. Throughout the interior of the above region it is an abundant species. {Nelson.) This species is a resident of the interior and wooded districts of the entire territory of Alaska. {Turner.) Sheep Creek and Homer, Kenai.Peninsula, Alaska; at these places nine specimens were taken in July and September, 1901. The patches of cottonwood were the favorite haunts of this bird. They ' were never found in spruce timber except while perched upon the topmost branch of a dead tree, where they remained but for a few minutes. During heavy rain storms they repair to the lower underbrush and even the low grass. {Chapman.) Breeding Notes.— The Alaskan pine grosbeak proved to be a common resident throughout the year in wooded tracts from the 420 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. delta through the Kowak valley. My first acquaintance with this species was made on the 25th August, '98, when two adults and two full-grown young v/ere observed. They were silent save for a low, mellow call-note, and were feeding on the green alder seed- pods. I secured the two adults, which were in moulting plumage. In September and October pine grosbeaks were quite numerous, being often met with in companies of six to a dozen, immatures and adultr; together. They were usually among the scattering birch and spruce which 'ine the low ridges. There, until the snow covered the ground, they fed on blue-berries, rose-apples and cranberries. During the winter their food was much the same as that of the redpolls— seeds and buds of birch,akler and willow,and sometimes tender spruce needles. In the severest winter weather they were not often in the spruce, but had then retired into the willow beds. The usual note is a clear whistle of three syllables. The native name Ki-u-tak represents it. Then there was a low, mellow, one-syllabled note uttered among members of a flock when alarmed. Twice 1 noted solitary males, when flying across the woods, singing a loud, rollicking warble, much like a purple finch. One morning, tiie i8th February, found me across the river skirting the willows in search of ptarmigan. Although it was 50 degrees below zero, a pine grosbeak, from the depths of a nearby thicke suddenly burst forth in a rich melodious strain, something like our southern black-headed grosbeak. He con- tinued, though in a more subdued fashion, for several minutes. Such surroundings and conditions fora bird-song like this ! Again one day In March, during a heavy snow-storm, a bright red male sang similarly at intervals fo"- nearly an hour, from an alder thicket near the cabin, and as summer approached their song was heard more and more frequently. Not until May 25th did I discover a nest. This was barely commenced, but on June 3rd, when I visited the locality again, the nest was completed and contained four fresh eggs. The female was incubating, and remained on the nest until nearly touched. The nest was eight feet above the ground on the lower horizontal branches of a small spruce grow- ing on the side of a wooded ridge. The nest was a shallow affair, very much like a tana^er's. It consisted of a loosely-laid plat- form of slender spruce twigs, on which rested a symmetrically- moulded saucer of fine, dry, round-stemmed grasses. Its depth was about one inch and internal diameter 3-25. The eggs are pa'ie CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 421 Nile blue with a possible greenish tinge, dotted and spotted with pale lavender, drab and sepia. The markings are very unevenly distributed, the small ends of the eggs being nearly immaculate, while there is a conspicuous wreath about the large ends. The markings are not abruptly defined, but the margins of the spots are distinct, fading out into the surrounding ground colour. One of the eggs is more thickly and evenly sprinkled with various tints of bistre. The eggs are rather ovate in shape, but the small ends are blunt. On June nth, in the Kowak delta, I found a similarly constructed nest containing four small young ; this was six feet up in ? dwarf spruce, and on the 12th, I found another nest in all particulars like the other two, and containing four eggs almost ready to hatch. My series of 44 skins of P. e. alascensis confirms the distinctness of that race; the Kowak River birds present an extreme of ashness. {Gfinnell) 5i6d. KadiakPine Grosbeak. Phiicola e7iucleator flammula (Homeyer) Ridgw. 1898. Island of Kadiak, Alaska, and Alaskan coast southward at least to Sitka [probably coast of British Columbia at least in winter.] {Ridgway.) CLXXXV. PYRRHULA Brisson. 1760. 516. Cassin's Bullfinch. Pyrrhtdacassifii {Bhrn-D) Tristam. 1871. The presence of this bird in the North American fauna rests solely upon the capture of a specimen at Nulato on the middle Yukon. January loth, 1867, by Mr. Dall. (Niison.) On July 19th, 1879, in the northern waters of Cumberland Gulf, Mr. Ludwig Kumlien saw a bird which he could not secure and which in his opinion was either this species or Pyrrhnla etiropcea, possibly the latter. We have been unable to obtain any further records. CLXXXVI. CARPODACUS Kaup. 1829. 517. Purple Pinch. Carpodaais piirpureus (Gmel.) Gray. 1844. Kumlien obtained a specimen on shipboard off Resolution Is- land ; Drexler obtained it at Moose Factory May 28th, i860 ; I 422 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. occurs plentifully in southern portions of Labrador. (Packard.) Common on Moose River ^ >> James Bay at Moose Factory ; none seen further north in 1896. (Spreadborough.) Common in Nova Scotia ; a few stop all winter. (Downs.) A. pair seen at Shulee, Cumberland Co., N.S., Jan. 2nd, 1899. (Morrell) Bayley says this species is common at Sydney, Cape Breton Island, and breeds, (C. R. Harte.) Common in summer in Kings Co., N.S.; a few remain through the winter. (H. Tufts.) Common at Margaree and Baddeck, Cape Breton Island, N.S., July, 1898 ; breeding in the woods at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, June, 1888. (Macoun.) Sparingly distributed ; a restless and roving species, and seen singly or in pairs on Prince Edwaid Island. (Dwight.) A common resident in New Brunswick. (Chamberlain.) Tolerably common summer resident, but very irregular in its time of arrival in spring at Scotch Lake, York Co.; N.B.; nests in conifers from a few feet up in low bushes in pastures to high up in forest trees. (W. H. Moore ^ Rather rare in the Gulf of St. Lawrence ; a male seen and others heard on the Magdalen Islands. (Bishop.) Com- in the Restigouche valley, N.B. (Brittain & Cox.) An abundant species of general distribution about the shores of the Gulf of St. Lawrence and its islands. (Brewster.) Rather common summer resident in eastern Quebec. (Dionne.) A common summer resid- ent but some remain all winter. Breeds on the island of Montreal. I found a nest containing four eggs, June 20th, 1891, in Mount Royal park, built in a small spruce tree ; have noticed them from Feby. 5th to Oct. 25th ; often feeding in winter on mountain ash berries. (Wintle.) A common summer resident at Ottawa, Ont.; abundant in migra- tion. There are a few winter records of this species one of which is Dec. 29th, 1885. (Ottawa Natura/ist,Vo\.V.) A common summer resident in the districts of Parry Sound and Muskoka. (/. If. Fleming) Abundant at Cache Lake, Algonquin Park, Ont.; breed- ing in low, wet woods. (Spreadborough.) Often seen in numbers but certainly a much less frequent summer resident than formerly. In 1886 many stayed all summer in London, Ont., where they had been scarce during several previous years. In 1899 its scarcity was remarkable. It is seen the whole year round but most notice- ably common in spring. (W. E. Saunders) A common migrant in spring and fall at Guelph, Ont.; arrives about April 15th and leaves about Oct. 4th ; a few breed. (A. B. Klugh) This species CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 423 was seven les heard early on the morning of June i6th, 1900, at Bull He oint, Lake Winnipeg, where the steamer stopped for wood. ^Edward A. Preble.) This species was found in small numbers on Turtle Mountain, Manitoba, during the latter part of July. It doubtless breeds in the locality; not seen further west, {Coues) Summer resident in Manitoba ; arrives about April 20th, and departs about Oct. 15th; shot a male in full song, May T4th, 1883; it had>een feeding on poplar catkins. {Thompson-Seton) First seen at Indian Head, Assa., April 21st, 1892, quite common by May 12th ; a few breed there as I saw them late in June ; this species arrived at Edmon- ton, Alta., on May 3rd, 1897, and soon commenced to nest in the tall trees ; observed one at Lake Ste. Anne, 60 miles from Edmonton, Alta., June 8th, 1898 ; a few were observed from the mouth of Lesser Slave River ,to Peace River Landing, Atha., in Lat. 56° 15', June, 1903; taken at Canmore, Alta. but not rare at Banff on the Bow River within the Rocky Mountains, May 27th, 1891, where they were breed- ing ; one seen in the Crow's Nest Pass in August, 1897. {SpreadboroKgh.) This bird was seen by us only on the banks of the Saskatchewan where it feeds on willow buds. It is a summer visitor, arriving in the month of May. {Richardson.') The single male, secured at the Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan, agrees perfectly with this species. {Nutting) Not rare at Athabasca Landing and up the Athabasca to Lesser Slave River ; a few birds at Fort McMurray, but none seen up the Clearwater River, Lat 56° ; not rare but local between Methye Portage and Isle k la Crosse, Sask. (/. M. Macoun.) I saw this beautiful finch for the first time last April and beginning of May in company with juncos and tree sparrows. {Coubeaux.) On June 8th, 1893, at Banff, Alberta, I found a nest and eggs of this species built in a willow bush five feet from the ground. {W. Raine.) Breeding Notes.— Nest built on a horizontal bough composed of vegetable matter, fibre and rootlets, lined with hair. Eggs, four, pale dull greenish, almost white, sparsely sprinkled with blackish and lilac. {G. R. White.) A bird that is hardly as plen- tiful, apparently, in Ontario, as in former years. I have found the nest three times in Ontario, twice in a small spruce tree and once in a cedar. I also sa\/ a nest at Lansdowne, Ont., in a small maple. This is a late breeder, all the eggs I have seen were laid 424 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. in June, {Rev. C. J. Young.) Breeds in May and June around Ottawa, Ont., also at Lake Nominingue, lOO miles north of it. The nest is built in coniferous trees from five to fifteen feet from the ground and is composed of twigs, rootlets, vegetable down and wool with a lining of hairs. Eggs, four to five in the set. {Garneau.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Twelve ; four taken at Ottawa in May, 1888, by Prof. Macoun ; one at Indian Head, Assa., in May, 1892; and one at Peace River Landing, Atha., Lat. 56° 15', June 19, 1903; three at Edmonton, Alta., May 4, 1898; one at Canmore, Rocky Mountains, Alta., by W. Spreadborough; two at Ottawa in November, 1890, by Dr. F. A. Saunders. Four sets of eggs ; three of four each taken at Wolfeville, N.S., on June 17th, 1895, by H. Tufts ; one set of four taken at Hull, Que., May 28th, 1899, by Mr. A. R. Legge. Nest in a small spruce about 8 feet from the ground. Outside made of grass and small twigs ; lined with cow's hair. 5\la. California Purple Finch. Carpodacus purpureus californicus Baird. 1874, Abundant summer resident on both sides of the Coast Range. {Lord.) Common in the coast region; few specimens were taken in purple plumage. {Streator.) An abundant summer resident, chiefly west of the Coast Range ; breeds both on Vancouver and the mainland. {Famtin.) Common summer resident at Chilliwack, B.C. {Brooks.) Very common at Hastings, Port Heney and Agassiz, B.C, in April, 1889 ; very abundant at Chil- liwack and Huntingdon, B.C.; feeding on the seeds of the crab- apple in the autumn of 1901; tolerably common near Victoria and quite common at Comox, Vancouver Island, in June, 1893. {Spreadborough.) Found breeding on the coast of British Colum- bia. {Rhoads.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Twelve ; two at Aggasiz. B.C.; three at Chilliwack, B.C. ; two at Burrard Inlet, B.C., four at Huntington, B.C.; and one at Vic- toria, Vancouver Island ; all by Mr. Spreadborough. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 618. Cassin's Purple Pinch. 425 Carpodacus cassini B ai r d . 1854. Western State-, from the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Coast, and north to British Columbia. (Ridgway.) A few examples, probably of this species, were found breeding in the interior of British Columbia. {Rhoads) Both sides of Coast Range, B.C. {Fannin.) Summer resident at Soda Creek, and probably also at Quesnel, B.C., 1901. {Brooks) Taken at Spence's Bridge and Kamloops in June 1889. One specimen seen at Trail, near the International Boundary, B.C., in l*"'ay, 1902. Quite common at Penticton, B.C., in April, 1903, fe.ding in the tops of bull pine {Pimis ponderosd),on their seeds. {Spreadborough.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Fourteen taken at Penticton, B.C., by Spreadborough, 1903. CLXXXVII. PASSER Brisson. House Sparrow. Passer domesticus (LinN/Eus) Koch. 18 16. This species has become naturalized in all Canadian cities, towns and small villages and in many farm-yards, where it lives in winter in affluence on the oats found in the droj pings of horses. It is quite abundant in the autumn, but whether it finds a scarcity of food or abundance it is always in evidence in spring, and where it once gets a foothold it retains it and spreads further. It is abundant everywhere in the eastern provinces, in the settled parts of Quebec and Ontario, and, although spoken against everywhere, it destroys an enormous quantity of noxious weeds in waste grounds and vacant places in cities and their suburbs, by eating their seeds, in September, October and November, until the snow comes, when it takes to the streets. In 1894, a few pairs were seen near the railway station at Winnipeg, Man., since then they have spread rapidly westward. {Macoun.) This bird is gradually extending its range westward and northwest- ward. I found it nesting at Yorkton, northern Assa., in June, 1901, and Mr. Hugh Richardson, during the summer of 1901, sent me two sets (of what he called rare eggs) of a bird that had never been ? -en before in the Qu'Appelle valley, Assa., a bird unknown 426 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. iflHi if to him, and they turned out to be only eggs of the English sparrow. I have no record of this bird from Alberta, but it is only a matter of time when it will extend its range right to the Rocky Mountain foothills. {W.Raine.) CLXXXVIII. LOXIA Linnaeus. 1758. 521. American Crossbill. Loxia curvirostra minor (Brehm) Ridgw. 1885. One specimen taken in Hudson Strait. It flew on board ship and was presented by Dr. Matthews. {Dr. R. Bell) Common throughout the year on Newfoundland. {Reeks.) Common ; arrives after the breeding season in Nova Scotia. {Downs.) Usually very abundant in summer when large rovii'g flocks are to be met with everywhere in Kings Co., N.S. ; a nest containing three young was taken early in August, 1896. {H. Tufts.) Three seen on Sable Island,N.S., July 2nd, igo2. {James Botiteillier.) I did not see this species in Cumberland Co., N.S., until March when it became common. At that time the males were in full song, and the birds were paired, male and female always being seen together. I judged both this and the next species would breed in April. {Morrell.) Con.mon in woods at Baddeck and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, July, 1898; in spruce trees at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, Aug. 12, 1888. {Macoun.) Abundant in flocks, mixed with the following species, feeding chiefly on larch trees on Prince Edward Island. {Dwight) A rather common resident in New Brunswick. {Chamberlain) Not uncommon in the Res- tigouche valley, N.B. {Brittain & Cox) Rare on the Magdalen Islands ; a male seen on Grindstone Island. {Bishop) Taken at Charlesbourg ; common summer resident in eastern Quebec. {Diomie) A transient visitant but common ; they are very erratic in their movements and may appear at Montreal at any time dining the year.but I have never heard of them breeding in this district; I saw a small flock of this species May 14th, 1883, at Cote St. An- toine, feeding on the cones of a larch tree. {Wintle) A common summer visitor at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moore) A common winter resident at Ottawa, Ont. The summer records are as follows : May 10, 1882 ; August 4, 1887 ; June 19, 1889; and July 3, 1890. {Ottawa Naturalis,., Vol. V) In the winter of 1897 this bird was very common in Ontario ; and in 1898 I saw a pair CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 427 at Lansdovvne in the month of April. They frequented some hem- lock trees in the village, but I could never make out that they were breeding. Since that year I have scarcely seen 6ne. {Rev. C.J. Young.) Resident in the districts of Parry Sound and Mus- koka. They gather in immense flocks and come into the sv-ttle- ment or about the lumber shanties. (/. H. fleming.) There were enormous numbers of this bird in the vicinity of Whitney near Algonquin Park, Ont., in November and December, 1898; and in the following April there was an extraordinary migration to the neighbourhood of Toronto, many remaining till the third week in May. It is possible that the Whitney hordes may have wandered south which would account for a visit ir. such numbers to this locality on the return trijj. (/. Hughes-Samuel.) Saw a small flock both old and young at Cache Lake, Algonquin Park, July 2, 1900. {Spreadbormgh.) A winter visitor at Guelph, Ont. (A. B. Kluglt.) Transient visitant at Penetanguishene, Ont. Have noticed some immense flocks at rare intervals. {A. F. Young) A small flock seen at our campon Echiamamish River, Keewatin, June, 25, 1900. ( Edzvard A . Preble s. ) A winter visitant in Manitoba ; possibly also breeding. In Manitoba I failed to detect its presence excepting during winter and spring. It is common wherever there is plenty of spruce and tamarac, for the seeds of those are its favorite food. {Thompson- Seio?i.) One pair on Methye Portage ; very common on Methye River and not rare to Isle a la Crosse, Sask. {J. M. Macoun.) Several birds resembling the published description of this species were seen at Fort Anderson but none taken. (Mac/arlane.) Three individuals were observed at Indian Head, Assa. on June 27th, 1892, three days later a large flock was seen ; this species was found in flocks in the Cypress Hills, Assa., from the middle of June to the end of the month, both in 1894 and 1895. It is ex- tremely probable that this species nests in the Cypress Hills, as they seemed perfectly at home there feeding on the spruce trees; observed a pair on August 7th, 1897, 'n Crow's Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains ; seen in large flocks at Banff, Rocky Mountains in June, 1891 ; very likely breed there. Taken on the mountains at Deer Park, Arrow Lake, B.C., June 6th, 1890 ; not uncommon on the mountains on both sides of Pass Creek near Robson, B.C., June 24th, 1890 ; taken on the mountains at Spence's Bridge, B.C., May, 28th, 1889, and in flocks at Agassiz ; common 428 GEOLOGICAL SURVKY OF CANADA. at Chilliwack, B.C. in the spring of 1901 ; abundant at Pen- ticton, feeding on seeds of bull pine, April, 1903; a common sum- mer resident on Vancouver Island; flocks seen almost every day near Victoria in the spring of 1893; also at Salt Spring Island and Comox, the same year. (Spreadborough) An abundant summer resident on both sides of the Coast Range. {Lord) From July l6th to September, pairs were seen about Ducks, B.C., flying from tree to tree looking for food. Later, a few flocks were seen on the coast flying south. {Strector.) An abundant resident throughout the province. {Fannin.) Tolerably common; an irregular visitant to the lower Fraser valley; resident in the mountains; common in Cariboo district in the winter of 1899 and summer of 1900 ; abundant at Okanagan, B.C., in the winter of 1897-98. {Brooks) Co-extensive with coniferous forests at all elevations, east and west of Coast Range, B.C. {Rhoads) Along the southeastern coast of the territory in the vicinity of Sitka and the adjoining regions, this is a rather common bird but in only one instance has it been taken north of the Alaskan mountains. {Nelson) Flocks of these birds frequented the tops of the tallest firs at Sitka, Alaska, where on account of their quietness they may easily escape notice. {Gihmell) Osgood took a red crossbill and saw another at Unalaska, October 5th, 1899. We did not see any on the Yukon. {Bishop) Breeding Notes. — I have a set of 4 eggs collected by L.Dicks at Cartwright, Labrador, April 20th, 1895. The nest was built in the top of a cedar, [?] and was composed externally of twigs and roots and the interior lined with animal fur and feathers. The eggs are greenish white, spotted chiefly at the larger end with dark brown and grey and average in size 75 x •58. {W. Raine) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Fourteen ; one taken at London, Ont., in April, 1885, by Mr. W. E. Saunders; three taken at Banff, Rocky Mountains, July, 1891, one taken at Deer Park, Columbia River, B.C., June, 1890, one at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1889, two at Chilliwack, B.C. in June, 1901, and six at Penticton, B.C., in April, 1903, all by Mr.W. Spreadborough. 522. White-winged Crossbill. Loxia leucoptera Gmel. 1788. A rare straggler in Greenland ; a few taken in South Green- land. {Arct. Man) Abundant at Fort Chimo, Labrador, some CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 429 winters; rare during other winters ; none observed during sum- mer; breeds in central portion of Labrador and resident there. {Packard:) Common throughout the year in Newfoundland. {Reeks) Irregularly abundant after the breeding season in Nova Scotia. {Dotvns.) Occasionally seen in flocks at Baddeck and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, N.S., July, 1898; a very large flock in spruce woods at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, June, 1888. {Macoun.) Rather common on Prince Edward Island. {Dwight.) Very erratic. Remained at Sydney, Cape Breton Island, all winter, 1898-99, and bred freely the following February and March. Ivan Bayley found many nests. The birds left very suddenly in April, leaving several broods of young. {C.R. Harte.) Seen in King's Co., N.S., only in winter and early spring, and are of irregular occurrence. They frequent the tops of spruce and fir trees where they gather the seeds from the cones. {H. Tufts) Common winter resident at St. John, N.B.; a few breed every spring. {Chamberlain) On July 24th I observed a flock of eight or ten individuals at Ellis Bay, Anticosti. {Brewster) Seen during the winter at Lake Mistassini, Quebec. (/. M. Macoun) Common on Grindstone and Entry islands, and probably on other islands of the Magdalen Islands. {Bishop) Common winter visitor at Scotch Lake, Yor.k Co., N.B., in 1899, previously rare. {W. H. Moore) A common summer resident in eastern Quebec. {Dionne) A common but transient visitor at Montreal. I saw a flock of this species feeding on the cones of cedar trees at Hochelaga, Que., on December 8th, 1888. {Wiutle) A large flock of this species was seen near Beechwood ceme- tery, Ottawa, Ont., in June, 1882. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) I saw this bird commonly in the Magdalen Islands in the month of June, i897,and have no doubt but that it breeds there in the spruce woods though I could not with certainty locate a nest. In that same year, in the month of April, I saw three of these birds on an island in the St. Lawrence, near Lansdowne, Ont., feeding on some hemlock trees and frequently alighting on the ground in search of hemlock seeds. {Rev. C.J. Young) Not as abundant as the preceding, but found in both districts. (/ H. Fleming) A few seen almost every season, but never really abundant, at Toronto; I found them particularly abundant at Whitney, near Algonquin Park, Ont., in the fall of 1898 and fairly so at Kaladar, Addington I ;' I'l 430 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Co., December, 1884. (/. Hughes- Samuel) An infrequent winter visitor at Guelph, Ont. {A.B. Klugh.) A male and female taken at Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. {Clarke.) A winter visitant ; possibly resident and breeding. On Decem- ber 6th, 1882, at the spruce bush, 35" below zero, shot three indi- viduals out of a small flock that was feeding on the cones of a tall spruce. These were all males. {Thompson-Seton.) Common on Methye River in flocks ; a few between that river and Isle a la Crosse, Sask. (/. M. Macoun.) Saw several on Macleod River, west of Edmonton, Alta., June 19, i8g8. Quite common in the woods at Banff, Rocky Mountains, and evidently breeding in the summer of i8gi ; two seen in the Crow's Nest Pass in 1897. (Spreadborougli.) This crossbill inhabits the dense spruce forests of the Northwest Territories, feeding principally on the seeds of the cones. It ranges through the whole breadth of the continent and probably up to Lat. 68°, where the woods terminate, though it was not ob- served by us north of Lat. 63°. {Richardson.) North to Fort Good Hope on the Mackenzie River. (Ross.) A pair of this species was obtained during our residence at Fort Anderson but no nests were seen. {Mac/arlane.) Rocky Mountain district; Beaver Pass, B.C. by Mr. Geo. Hyde. {Faimin.) Three specimens taken at Chilliwack, B.C. ; quite abundant in the Cariboo district in the winter of 1898-99 and common in the summer of 1900. {Brooks.) Common on Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C., but no specimens were taken ; common at Cook's Inlet, Alaska, but always in pairs. {Osgood.) Although the last species is thus far known only as an excessively rare visitant in the northern portion of Alaska, the present bird is found in the greatest abundance wherever trees occur to afford shelter. {Nelson.) This species is abundant in the interior of the Yukon district and other wooded parts. It only occasionally visits St. Michael and then never in large flocks. {Turner.) This species was a common resident throughout the year in certain parts of the Kowak valley, Kotzebue Sound. They were always to be found along the bases of the mountains, especially in the tracts of small spruces bearing great clusters of cones. {Grinnell.) Crossbills in flocks of from half a dozen to one hundred individuals were often seen from Lake Lebarge to Charlie Village, July i6th to August nth, 1899, on the Yukon River, Yukon District. {Bishop) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 431 Breeding Notes.— On April 26th I found a regular paradise for crossbills. Itwas a stretch of the requisite dwarf spruce lying along the Jade Mountains near the head of Hunt River. Here I met with several flocks of white-winged crossbills which, from their unusually lively behavior, indicated the mating season to be at hand. Two or three pairs were apparently already mated, for they w£re detached from the main flock, each by itself. The males were singing very loudly a twitter somewhat resembling that of the American goldfinch, but coarser. The females were shy, fly- ing covertly from tree to tree and darting through the foliage to avoid the officious advances of the males, who were following them. The latter flew in broad circles above the females, with slowly beating wings, singing continuously, and finally settling on quivering, outstretched wings in a tree top. I visited this locality again on the 28th May, and was fortunate enough to find three nests of the white-winged crossbill. On this date the large flocks had scattered out, and the birds were mostly seen singly or in pairs. Two or three companies of a dozen or so were noted, these probably being non-breeders or yearlings. The first nest was found by spottinga pair of birds and closely watching their move- ments. They were feeding when first noted, but in a few minutes I suddenly lost sight of the female, although the male remained in the vicinity, frequently uttering the metallic call-note previously described. After waiting some time, I proceeded to the tree where the female was last seen. On vigorously shaking the tree several times she flew out of a dense clump of branches and perch- ed a few yards off, chirping solicitously. Both birds soon left the vicinity and did not return whi.e I remained. The nest was situat- ed close to the trunk,ten feet above the ground, in a mass of foliage so thick as to entirely hide it from view. It contained two eggs about one-third incubated. These are ovate and measure -86 x -61, •84X-60. The ground colour is an extremely pale tint of blue. One egg has scattering ill-defined spots and blotches of pale chocolate The other egg has numerous very pale lavender markings, and, mostly at the larger end, a number of spots and four large blotches of dark seal-brown. The second nest was found through locating a male bird by its call-note, and then tapping every tree in the vicinity with a stick. The female was thus flushed from her nest, which was 12 feet up near the top of a dwarf spruce. It was em- bedded in a mass of foliage against the stem of the tree, much as 2 432 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. in the case of the first nest. It contained two pipped eggs and one newly ha^che'.l young. The parents evinced more soii<:itude in this case, chirping and flying from tree to tree. The third nest was found similarly, though the female left the nest unobserved and I had to wait until she returned to be able to locate the nest. This was 15 ftet from the ground, hidden in the dense spruce top, as before. There was but one fresh egg. This measures 77 x -58. It is almost white (before blown, pinkish) with scattering abruptly- defined spots and lines of bay and fawn colour, must numerous at the larger end. The three nests are just alike in every way. They consist externally of short drv spruce twigs ; and intern illy of a black wool-like lichen, closely felted, and with a scanty admixture of feathers and bits of grasses. The nests are nearly black, and thus present an odd appearance as compared with th. s > of theusual consistency of other birds. The nest measurements are : inter- nal diameter 2-20, depth i-20; external diameter 400, depth 250. {Grinnell.) I have a set of 4 eggs taken at Sandwich Bay, Labrador, April 9th, 1894, by L. Dicks. The nt st is made of fine roots and twigs, lined with moss and animals fur, and the 4 eggs are pale bluish white, spotted at the; larger ends with* brown of various shades, black and lilac grey. The eggs of the two species of crossbill are seldom obtained, for like the Canada jay they have eggs while the snow is on the ground very early in the spring and at a time when it is difficult to get into the woods on account of the snow. (W. Roine.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seven ; three taken at Ottawa by Mr. F. A. Saunders and Prof. Macoun ; two at Bracebridge, Ont., February, 1892, and two at Banff, Rocky Mountains, June, 1891, by Mr. W. Spreadborough. CLXXXIX. LEUCOSTICTE Swainson. 1831. 523. Aleutian Leucosticte- . Leucosticte ^seonuch^ (Bfandt) Bonap 1^50. East and west of the Coast '.^^^^c\ to.erably common. (Fannin.) On the Aleutian Islands, from one extremity to the other, is found this large and beautiful finch, extending its habitat thence north to include the Prybilof Islands and the small island of St. Matthew still further to the north. East of the Aleutian chain eggs and solicitude third nest nobserved ! the nest, pruce top, ; abruptly- imeroiis at i^ay. They n illy of a lid mixture >lack, and f theusual re : inter- lepth 2- 50. Labradqr, roots and [s are pale af various species of they have spring and iccount of and Prof, nd two at dborough. 331- {Fannin.) : other, is tat thence and of St. tian chain CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 43, it reaches Kadiak Island. On all these islands, except one or two exceptions, it is a permanent resident. (Ni'/son.) This species IS common on all the Aleutian Islands, including the Prvbilof Isiancis. and has also been observed on Kadiak Island (Turner) We saw a number of this species on St. George Island, Behring Sea, October 3rd, 1899. At Unalaska, I saw a flock of about twenty and another of two young birds on the sth. {Bis/io/> ) I have a nest and four eggs that were collected at St. George Island. Behr.ng Sea, June Sth, ,89;. by Mr. J. M. Macoun The nest.s composed of fine roots and grass lined with fine grass The eggs are usually white, but are sometimes finely spotted with pale rusty brown, and average •98x70. {W.RaintI) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. set^oTfiv '''" """f^" ^^"u ^'''"^' ^"'^•■'■"^ ^'^^ J""^' '«9i. and one set of five eggs from the same place, taken on June 29th i8qi by Mr. James M. Macoun. ^ ' ^ ' »23 • I. Kadiak Leuoosticte. LeucosHcte kadiaka McGregor. 1901 IsS" m!^ r"i Island Alaska. Known only from Kadiak island. (//!^ C<9«//(7r, Vol. III., 8.) 624. Gray-crowned Leuoostiote. LeucosHcte tephrocotis Swains, i 83 i . One specimen, taken near Birtle, Manitoba, in January. 1891, by Mr. George Copeland ; also two specimens in museum a Winnipeg, taken by Mr. Hine. {Tltontpson-Seton) Of this new killed on t"h' rr r'^ °"^ ^P^^-'"^" -^ °''^---^' -hich wa" killed on the Saskatchewan in May, 1827. {RicJuirdson.) Rocky Mountain district ; in winter occasionally west of the Coas^ rnre^ Br ^TT^ f "'"'"'*^ °^ "^^ ^^^^^^ fountains ; very rare. Breeds at an altitude of 7,000 feet. {Lord) This soecies MolnSnrSc" A^ ^7^^ ^^ ^^'^'^"^^^ Mointlit sE Mountains, B.C., August 4th, 1885 : there was a pair of old birds and four young ones, they were quite tame ; later in the season they were taken at Hector, Rocky Mountains. (Macoun) Found of^8oVan7oft:e h"k'^ "°""^^'"^ ^^^""^ «-« '" ^h---- of 891 and on he high mountains to the southeast in 1897. They certainly breed on all mountains above 7,500 feet; observed^ a aw M S ii Mff tt a L' i i a PL ^'BfliM**. * **&! » ■ 434 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. above the timber line on all the mountains ascended around the sources of the Athabasca River 'n 1898. {Spread- borough.) I have taken the typical specie? as far west as Chilli- wack, B.C.; a large flock seen once or twice on mountains to the west of Lake Okanagan ; the typical species breeds on the high mountains near B^rkerville, Cariboo district. B.C. {Brooks.) A flock of three birds was seen near Field, B.C., Rocky Mountains. {Rhoads.) Breeding Notes.— As the nest and eggs of this bird have never been recorded, I am pleased to describe them for the first time. I have a nest and four eggs with the parent bird that were taken at Banff, Rocky Mountains, Alta., on June gth, 1892, by Mr.Wm. Fear. The nest is made of roots and fine bark lined with fine grass and was built in a crevice of a rock, and the eggs are pure white, averaging •90x-65. {W.Raine.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seven ; two taken August 6th, 1891, on Mount Aylmer, Devil's Lake, Banff, Rocky Mountains and five on Moose Mountain, foothills of Rocky Mountains, Alta., in July, 1887, by Mr. Spread- borough. 524«. Hepburn's Leucosticte. Leucosticte tephrocotis littoralis (Baird) Coues. 1872. The types of this form came from Sitka, and since then speci- mens have been obtained from Sitka, Kadiak, British Columbia, Wyoming and Rocky Mountain region as far south as Colorado. {Nelson.) Abundant summer resident on both sides of the Coast Range. {Lord.) We found this bird only at the summit of the White Pass, head of Lynn Canal. {Bishop) From the coast to the Rocky Mountains ; at Ashcroft, Clinton and Burrard Inlet. Taken at Port Simpson by Mr. W. B. Anderson. {Fanntn.) Rare winter visitant at ChiUiwack ; breeds above the timber line in the Coast Range; some of the specimens seen at Lake Okanagan may have been this species; typical specimens taken in the winter in the Cariboo district, B.C. {Brooks.) Found tolerably common on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, July 19th, 1887 {Macoun.) One specimen seen on top of a mountain at the foot of ChiUiwack Lake, B.C., July 20th, 1901. {Spreadborough) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. MUSEUM SPECIMEN. 435 One ; taken on Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, July 17th, 1887, by Prof. Macoun. CXC. ACANTHIS Bechstein. 1803. 527. Greenland Redpoll. Acanthis hornemannii (Hole.) Stejn. 1884. Said to be constantly resident in Greenland and a regular breeder but not further south than Lat. 70° north. {Arct. Man) Very abundant in winter in northern Labrador. Not occurring in summer from May 15th to September 1st of each year. {Packard.) Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. {Clarke) About the year 1863, a friend who used to join me in some of my local collecting trips, was in the town of Gait, Ont„ and seeing a small flock of large light-colored redpolls, secured two of the lot and sent them to me in the flesh. {Mclkvraith.) 521a. Hoary Redpoll. Acanthis hornemannii exilipes {Covns) Stejn. 1884. Abundant and resident in Labrador ; breeds plentifully at Fort Chimo, where nests and eggs were obtained by Nelson. {Packard.) Specimens of this bird, taken by Mr. W. L. Scott in the spring of 1883, were identified by Dr. Couts. It is also included in the list of arrivals for 1887 on March 19th. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) During the winter of 1896 a flock of redpolls was observed at East Toronto. I secured nine specimens from what I was given to understand was the same flock. Mr. Ridgeway identified them all as Acanthis exilpcs. The specimens were taken in Feb- ruary and March, 1897. I have examined a specimen taken by Mr.Kay at Port Sydney, Muskoka District. (/. //. Fleming.) One specimen killed out of a large flock of redpolls at Hamilton Beach, Ont., by Mr. K. C. Mcllwraith on 6th April, 1885. {Mcllwraith.) Three specimens from York Factory and one from Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay, collected in July, 1900, are referable to this form. {E. A. Prebles.) A migrant and winter vistitant in Manitoba. Specimens were taken at Carberry in the early winter from a flock of A. linaria. {Thompson-Seton) Quite numerous in flocks of the common red- 436 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. if !.. i! poll at Indian Head, Assa., which were common from April ist to 20th, 1892. {Spreadborough.) Carlton House, on the South Saskatchewan, November to March. (Blakiston vide Ridgway.) North to Lapierre's House, on the Mackenzie River ; common. \Ross.) I carefully examined all flocks of redpolls in the winter of 1897-98 in the Cariboo district, B.C., and only secured one specimen that showed any approach to exilipes. {Brooks.) This is the prevail- ing species of the genus throughout northern Alaska, where it occurs in great numbers. It is indistinguishable from the common redpoll except for the differences in coloration and is constantly associated with them. {Nelso?i.) This species is a common bird throughout the entire territory of Alaska. {Turner.) This species is not common at Point Barrow, and only of irregular occurrence. We only obtained one nest and saw very few birds. {Murdoch.) The hoary redpoll was a common resident throughout the region around Kotzebue Sound. Out of 112 skins taken 104 were of this species. {Grinnell.) Sixteen specimens taken at Point Barrow, Alaska, exhibit very little variation. {Witmer Stone.) I secured two young from a flock about fifteen miles above Circle City, Alaska, August 13th, 1899 ; and Osgood, one on the 19th, from a flock at Circle City ; rather common in small flocks at St. Michael in September. {Bishop.) Breeding Notes. — The hoary redpoll was a common resident throughout the region under consideration. At Cape Blossom during July, 1898, they were mainly in pairs, though small com- panies of from 4 to 8 were occasionally seen. They frequented the dwarf willow and alder patches, especially among the hills back from the coast. Two nests were found on the 20th of July. They were each built in the crotches of low bushes about two feet from the ground, and were only one hundred feet apart on a slope sparsely covered with small bushes. The nests were com- posed of dried mildewed grasses externally, with a thick lining of cottony down from the seed-cases of a kind of grass, and a few feathers. One of the nests contained four eggs and the other five. Both sets were far advanced in incubation and the latter set con- tained one infertile egg. The female birds were sitting closely when the nests were discovered, and in both cases I nearly touched them before they slipped from the nests. They darted quickly out of sight, making no solicitous demonstrations what- ever. Another nest was found near Cape Blossom on July ist, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 437 1899. This was in every way similar to the other two, and con- tained four slightly incubated eggs. As the month of May advanced the flocks of redpolls began to break up though the pairs were prone to stay within call of each other, a sociable trait. The first nest was found on June 4th and contained five badly incubated eggs. This indicates that nesting begins soon after the middle of May. Another nest, containing five slightly in- cubated eggs, was taken on the sth ; the nest was saddled in the forks of a leafless willow above water at the margin of an ice- covered lake. This nest may be described as typical of the ones found in the Kowak valley. It is a very compact and well pro- portioned structure of fine dry rootlets, grasses and slender plant stems lined with soft white willow down and a few ptarmigan feathers. The diameter of the nest cavity is 170, and the depth 1-25. External diameter, 4-00; depth, 210. A nest of five fresh eggs, taken on June 6th, was nine feet above the ground in the top of a small spruce at the edge of a dense strip of timber. The eggs of the hoary redpoll are pale Nile blue, with spots, lines, dots and scrawls of vinaceous, lavender, chocolate and so dark a brown as to appear black in some cases. These markings tend to form wreaths about the larger ends of many eggs. The eggs vary in shape from ovate to short-ovate. {Grinnell.) I have six nests with sets of eggs of this species. They wc.e collected at Peel River, Mackenzie Delta, by the Rev. I. O. Stringer, who has just returned from that far away northern region after spending eight years amongst the Eskimos. The nests are beautiful structures of fine twigs and roots felted together with vegetable down and snugly lined with down and feathers. One nest, taken July 19th, 1898, was built in a willow only two feet from the ground, and contained four eggs. Another nest was built in a small shrub less than one foot from the ground, and contained five eggs, averaging in size 68 x 52. The Eskimo name for this bird is " Peog-wak " {W. Raitie.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Two taken at Indian Head, Assa., April 17th, 1892, by Mr. W. Spreadborough. A large series of eggs taken at Nachvak, Lab- rador, in 1895. One set of five eggs and nest taken at Nachvak by G. Ford in 1897; also two eggs taken at Fort Chimo, Ungava, June 13th, 1896. If If iiil! m •'it it ) I in ^^'1 438 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 628. Redpoll. Acanthis lituiria (Linn.) Bonap. & Schleg. 1850. Abundant and resident in Labrador. Breeds plentifully at Fort Chimo, where nests and eggs were obtained by Nelson. (Packard.) One seen on James Bay, June 15th ; a few observed at Great Whale River. Common from Richmond Gi'.lt, across the interior to Ungava Bay ; seen in large flocks at Fort Chimo in September, 1896. {Spreadborough.) Very common everywhere along the northeastern coast of Labrador; apparently all the redpolls be- longed to this race. {Bigeloiv.) Very common resident in New- foundland, does not migrate. {Reeks.) Rather common in winter in Nova Scotia. (Downs.) Said to be common in winter at Syd- ney, Cape Breton Island ; saw a flock December loth, 1901. (C. R. Harte.) Common some winters in Kings Co., N.S., in others they are absent. (H. Tufts.) Two specimens seen on Sable Island, N.S., May 3rd, 1902. (Jimes Bouteillier.) In the spruce trees by the beach, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Isfand, June 27th 1888. (Macoiin.) A winter visitant in New Brunswick; some winters quite common. (Cluimberlain.) A winter visitor at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B.; sometimes common, sometimes rare. (W.H.Moore.) Seen dur- ing the winter at Lake Mistassini, northern Quebec. (J.M.Macoun.) Taken at Beauport; winter resident in eastern Quebec. (Dionne.) An abundant winter visitant at Montreal ; observed therein flocks from October 25th to April 29th. The latter date is late in the spring of the year to find the species at Montreal, although in 1883, I saw large numbers in the month of May feeding on the ground in the woods in Hochelaga. (Wintle.) An abundant winter visitor at Ottawa. Summer records are June 6, 1882; June 3, 1888; and May 22, 1890. (Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) I saw a small flock of what I took for hoary redpolls in the month of March at Lansdowne, Ont., feeding on seeds of the hemlock ; and have frequently seen flocks of the other varieties in the winter. A few breed on the Magdalen Islands. (Rev. C.J. Youtig.) An irregular winter visitor at Guelph, Ont. (A.B. Klugh.) An abundant winter visitor in the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts, often remaining to the beginning of May. (/. H. Fleming.) In the early spring of 1881 these birds appeared near London, Ont. in considerable numbers but have not been seen since that time. (W.E. Saunders.) Abundant winter visitant at Penetanguishene early in October. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 439 {A. F. Young.) Eight specimens, including one in juvenal plumage, were collected at York Factory, Hudson Bay, July 12th to i6th, 1900, where the birds were abundant, and a very bright male was taken at Fort Churchill, July 23rd. (E. A. Prebhs) An abundant fall and winter visitor in Manitoba ; feeding on the seeds of various plants. {Thompson- Seton) A few specimens were seen on the Clearwater River below Methye Portage; common on the portage. (/. M. Macoun.) A common and regular winter visitor near Prince Albert, Sask., ar- riving in small flocks nearly at the same time as the pine gros- beak and remaining sometimes late in the spring. {Coube ux.) This neat and hardy bird is one of the permanent residents in the Northwest Territories where it may be seen in the coldest weather on the banks of lakes and rivers, hopping among reeds and carices or clinging to their stalks. {Richardson.) North to Fort Good Hope on the Mackenzie River ; abundant. {Ross.) .This species was just as abundant as the Greenland redpoll in the wooded country, and we procured as many nests as of it. {Mac/arlane.) This species was seen in large flocks at Indian Head, Assa., during the first three weeks of April, 1892, after which they all disappeared. April 7th, 1894, saw a flock of sixteen at Medicine Hat, Assa. Two specimens were seen at Edmonton, Alta., on April 19th, 1897 ; common in flocks around Revelstoke, B.C., up to the last of April, 1890; seen at the lower end of Lower Arrow Lake, Columbia River, June i8th, 1890. {Spreadborough) An abundant summer resident in British Columbia. {Lord) Common throughout the province. {Fafitiin.) Irregular winter visitant at Chilliwark; common winter resident at Lake Okanagon, B.C.,also common in the Cariboo district in wmter. {Brooks.) This species is found in Alaska in smaller numbers than the preceding. On the southeastern coast of the territory, including Kadiak and the Sitkan region, the present bird is found to the exclusion of the other. {Nelson.) This species is a common resident of all parts of Alaska, excepting the Aleutian Islands. In the latter district it 1. a summer visitor only, though breeding there I have never observed it west of Unalaska Island. {Turner.) Large flocks were seen frequently both at Hope and Tyonek, Cook's Inlet, Alaska, in August, 1900. {Osgood.) Of the 112 skins taken at Kotzebue Sound only seven were referable to this species. Although few were taken they evidently breed in the country as specimens were Illl 'U ill! I !;:h 440 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. taken from March to October. {Grinnell.) We saw several, usually in pairs and very shy, af Bennett, B.C., June 17th, 1899, and near Charlie Village a fine male. {Bishop.) Breeding Notes. — During the last week of May and early in June, 1899, Mr. A. P. Low found this bird breeding abundantly at the mouth of the Great Whale River, Hudson Bay, and I secured close upon 150 eggs of this species that were then collected. The nests were built low down in stunted willows, not more than two or three feet from the ground and contained five or six eggs each. I have also several sets that were taken at Cartwright, Labrador, by the late Lambert Dicks during June, 1895. O" June 20th, 1890, Mr. Stringer found several nests at the delta of the Mackenzie River, 100 miles from its mouth. Here the nests were built in willows two or three feet from the ground and con- tained four and five eggs each. I have three nests collected by Mr. Stringer, and they are beautifully and compactly built, exter- nally of fine roots and grass, inside felted with down and feathers. {W.Raine.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Eleven; one taken at Ottawa, Ont., in April, 1890, by Mr. F. A. Saunders; four at Indian Head, Assa, in April, 1892, two at Medicine Hat, Assa., in April, 1894, three at Revelstoke, B.C., in April, 1890, one at Edmonton, Alta., April 19th, 1898, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. One set of 4 eggs taken at Great Whale River, Hudson Bay, May, 1899, by Mr. A. P. Low. 628a. Holboell's Redpoll. Acanthis linaria holbcBllii {J^'k^vlVl) Dubois. 1871. This species was caught in a thick fog in Grinnell Bay, Sept. 3rd, 1877. {Kjmtlie?i.) Rather common in winter at Fort Chimo, Labrador; none to be seen from May 15th to September ist of each year. {Packard.) This species is not uncommon in eastern Quebec mixed up in the flocks of A. Ihiaria. {Diottfie.) One specimen taken at Moose Factory, James Bay, is in the National Museum at Washington. {E. A. Prebles.) A specimen taken by Mr. Kay at Port Sydney, Muskoka dis- trict, on April 14th, 1890, was identified at Washington as this subspecies; various specimens have been taken at Toronto and identified as this subspecies. {J. H. Fleming.) Three specimens, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 441 one male, taken March 3rcl, and a male and female taken March 15th, 1888, at Lome Park, near Toronto, Ont., were determined to be this form by Mr. Ridgway. {Thompson-Seton\n Trans. Can. Imt., III., 1892, p. 64.) One specimen of this race was taken on the Kowak River, April loth, 1899. {Grimiell.) Breeding on Herschell Island and other Arctic islands. [Ridgtvay.) 528A Greater Redpoll. Acanthis linaria rostrata (CouEs) Stejn. 1884. Said to breed generally throughout Greenland, suitable local- ities being of course understood, but is migratory there. {Arct. Man.) Occasionally met with in New Brunswick. {Cliamberlain.) Among a number of redpolls from Parry Sound district examined by Mr. Ridgway were specimens intermediate between this species and A. liniri'i. I have, however, seen typical specimens from Muskoka; occurs in Toronto regularly in flocks of A.linaria. (/. H. Flemi7ig.) Among a number of redpolls sent to Washing- ton for determination by Mr. Ridgway is a young male taken at Toronto by Mr. Cross on February loth, 1890, and atr adult female taken at Lome Park, November 9th, 1899, which were pro- nounced the greater redpoll. {Thompson-Seton in Tra7is. Can. Inst., III., 1892, p. 64.) Bbeeding Notes,— a few pairs breed in northern Labrador, though its summer home is in Greenland. I have three sets of eggs of this bird that were collected by Mr. Ford at Ungava Bay, northern Labrador, June 15th, 1894. The nests were built in willows two or three feet from the ground and contained five eggs each which are easily distinguished from the common redpoll by their larger size. This bird is more abundant in south Greenland. {W.Raine.) Goldfinch. Carduelis elcgans Stephens. 1826. A male European goldfinch was collected May 21st, 1887, by Daniel S. Cox, about a mile north of Toronto city limits— one out of four— while resting on the top of a beech tree] The remaining three flew off in a northerly direction. The birds were evidently m a natural condition and migrants from the south, doubtless from the New York colony. {William Brodie \n The Auk, YoL v., p. 211. > 1 ^TtrffW [iiiiff I 442 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. CXCI. ASTRAOALINUS Cabanis. 1851. 620. American Goldfinch. Astragalinus tristis (Linn.) Cab. 1851. Kumlien caught an adult male on shipboard off Cape Mugford, Labrador (?), August 22nd, 1877; occurs in southern portions of Labrador. Nelson writes that a bird called a " goldfinch " was described accurately and asserted to occur occasionally at Fort Chimo, but he did not succeed in finding it. {Packard) A com- mon summer migrant in Newfountlland. {Recks.) Heard but not seen along the Humber River, Newfoundland, 1899. {Louis H. Porter.) Common ; a few remain all winter in Nova Scotia. {Dotvns.) A few seen at Baddeck and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, July, 1898; one pair seen on Winsloe Road, Prince Edward Island, July 21st, 1888. {Macoim.) A few seen almost daily when on Prince Edward Island. {Divight) Mr. Bayley says it is com- mon at Sydney, Cape Breton Island, breeding late in June, first seen May 24th, 1891. {C. R.Harte.) Fairly common throughout the year at Wolfville, Kings Co., N.S. (//. Tufts) An abundant summer resident in New Brunswick. {Chamberlain.) Irregular in arriving in spring at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B.; coming from February l6th to May 28th; departing from October to December. Its nests are placed in deciduous bushes and trees, the eggs num- ber from 3-5. I have seen a nest so compactly built that during a heavy shower in July it nearly filled with water and the birds deserted it. {W. H. Moore) Restigouche valley, N.B.; always near settlements. {Brittain & Cox) Common at Gaspe, Quebec, but nowhere else on the Gulf of St. Lawrence. {Breivster) Taken at Beauport ; a summer resident in eastern Quebec. {Di^nne) An abundant summer resident at Montreal ; breeds *'''>unt Royal Park, nests found containing fresh eggs from Jul; August 8th ; observed at Montreal from April 7th to Nov. l8th ; have been seen as late as December nth, 1890. {Wt Abundant summer resident at Ottawa, Ont. It occasionally winters here in large flocks as it did in 1888-9. {Ottawa Naturalisty Vol. V.) A very common summer resident in Ontario. I have seen flocks of this bird in January at Calabogie Lake, Renfrew Co. and occasionally at Lansdowne on the St. Lawrence. It is a very late breeder, seldom nesting until the middle of June; I have seen fresh eggs in August. {Rev. C.J. Young) An abundant CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 443 summer resident in both the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. (/. H, Fleming?) Common around the buildings at CAche Lake, Algonquin Park, Ont., June, 1900. {Spreadborough.) Common everywhere, and is to be found every winter in varying numbers in the cedar swamps about London, Ont. In the spring, erratic flocks are seen now here, now there; but they begin to seek their summer quarters, to sing and to be regularly observed about April 28th, on an average of fourteen years. {W. E. Saunders.) A com- mon resident ; most abundant in summer around Guelpn, Ont. {A.B.Klugh.) An abundant summer resident at Penetanguishene, Ont. ; breeds. {A. F. Young.) This familiar bird was noted only at Pembina on the borders of Manitoba. (Coues.) A common summer resident in Manitoba. I have not noted this bird in Manitoba before the end of May. In this country it finds neither thistles nor orchards, so it feeds largely on the seed of Rudbeckia hirta and Gaillardia aristata, and nests in the low poplars and oaks on the edges of the heavier timber. {Thompson-Seton.) Quite common in the vicinity of Brandon, Man., i8g6. {Macoun.) First seen at Indian Head, Assa., June 1st, 1892, but were quite common by the loth; they breed there ; one individual was seen at Crane Lake, Assa., June nth, 1894, and on the 25th of the same month two pairs were seen in the east end of the Cypress Hills, Assa.; eight of these birds were seen at 12-Mile Lake and afterwards at Wood Mountain, Assa., as late as June 17th, 1895; seen next, June 27th, in Fare- well Creek valley, in the Cypress Hills, and on the 30th along Sucker Creek, Assa.; common in the valley of Milk River, especially at Castellated Rocks, also on St. Mary's River and Lee'o Creek, Alta., and near Chief Mountain at the base of the Rocky Mountains. {Spreadborough.) This very gay goldfinch is one of the tardiest summer visitors in the Northwest Territories, and it retires southwards in September after a stay of a little over three months. {Ricliardson.) A tolerably common summer resident near Prince Albert, Sask., breeding throughout the region. {Coubeaux.) Breeding Notes.— A common breeding summer resident at Ottawa, Ont. Its nest is often built in a white cedar, and is com- posed of downy and other soft vegetable matter; a very neat and compact affair, lined 'with horse hair, fine grass and down. . i VJ 444 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. J iiHiiliiii Eggs four, of a faint bluish-white colour. (6'. R. White.) This species nests at Ottawa and near Lake Nominigue, lOO miles north of it. The nest is composed of vegetable fibres, fine grass and strips of bark, lined mostly with thistle-down and sometimes with hairs. Nests in July and August and lays five or six eggs. (Ganieau.) Not very common at Toronto, Ont., and is a late breeder, seldom having eggs before July I2th. {IV.Raine.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Ten; one taken at Ottawa, December, 1888, by Mr, G. R. White; three at Ottawa in October, 1890, by Mr. F. A.Saunders; one at Toronto by Mr. S. Herring ; two at Bracebridge, Ont., in December, 1891, one at Indian Head, Assa., June, 1892, and two at 12-Mile Lake, Assa., June, 1895, al' by Mr. W. Spreadborough. Two sets of eggs. One of four eggs taken at Wakefield, Que., on August 15th, 1897, by Mr. F. K. Whiteaves; one of five eggs taken at Toronto, Ont., on July 30th, 1889, by Mr. W. Raine. 529((. Pale Goldfinch. Astragalitius tristis pallidns Mearns. 1890. Rocky Mountain plateau district of the United States north to eastern British Columbia, western Manitoba, &c. {Ridgtvay.) 5296. Willow Goldfinch. Astragalitius tristis salicamans (Grinnell) Ridgw. 1899. Of irregular occurrence during early winter at Okanagan, B.C. {Brooks.) Chiefly confined to the mainland on both slopes of the Coast Range and in the Rocky Mountain district. {Fannin.) Abundant on both slopes of the Coast Range. {Lord.) Only once specimen taken at Cascade, on the International Boundary, B.C., in the summer of 1902. {Spreadborough.) MUSEUM specimens. One taken at Cascade, B.C., June, 1902, by Mr. Spreadborough. CXCII. SPINUS Koch. 1816. .533. Fine Siskin- Spinus pinus (WiLS.) Stejn. 1884. Recorded as common in Labrador by Audubon. {Packard) • Rather rare along the northeastern coast of Labrador in company CATALOGUE OK CANADIAN HIROS. 44S with redpolls. {IVitntore Stone.) A summer migrant in Ncwfomul- land. [Riiks.) Lar^jc flocks seen commonly alonjj the Huniber River, Newfoundland, 1899. (Louis H. Porter) Rather common in Nova Scotia ; a summer resident. {Downs.) Three seen on Sable Island, N.S., June 3rd, one on July 24th and a number on October 4th, 1902. {James Bouteillier.) A few observed at Baddeck, Cape Breton Island. {F. H. Allen.) Small flocks were seen at Shulee, Cumberland Co., N.S. and at Hebert River in December ; none were seen at Parrsboro. When I returned to Hebert River in March I found it by far the most abundant bird. {Morrell.) Large flocks seen at North Sydney, Cape Bre- ton Island, in November, 1901, and on June 8th, 1902; probably breeds. {C. R. Harte.) Breeds near Wolfville, Kings Co., N. S., regularly in May and June and usually is common till September ; at other times of the year it is very irregular. {H. Tnjts.) It surprised me to meet this species but once on Prince Edward Is- land,— a male at Souris. {Dwig/it.) A common species in New Brunswick; breeds very early. {Chamberlain.) A very irregular winter visitor; I think that some years it breeds at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H.Moore.) Quite common in the Restigouche valley, N.B., in summer. {Brittain & Cox.) One of the most abundant birds on the Magdalen Islands until July, 1887. {Bishop.) Abundant at Gasp^ and apparently nesting in the spruces and balsams in the village street, July 14th; later, July 24th, it was found in flocks at Ellis Bay, Anticosti. {Brewster.) Taken at Beau- port; a common summer resident in eastern Quebec. {Dionne.) A common winter visitant at Montreal; I observed a large flock cf these birds, October, l8th, 1885 on Isle Jesus, feeding on willows ( Wintle.) A common winter resident at Ottawa, Ont. ; though some- what irregular in its visits like most of our winter birds. Summer records are as follows : May 10, 1882; May 15, and August 15. 1884; May 2, 1888, and May 16, 1890. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) I have often met with immense flocks in the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. They keep together till May when they either disperse or disappear. In the winter the flocks are joined by redpolls and goldfinches. (/. //. Fleming.) A winter visitor at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. Klugh.) Winter resident at Penetanguishene, Ont. {A. F. Young.) An irregular migrant in Manitoba; often seen in flocks of hundreds. {Thompson-Seton) Two specimens 446 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. liiiili! If Been at Grrnd Rapids on the Saskatchewan. (Nutting.) Common on Methyc FortaRc, Sask. {J. M. Macoun.) On June 2nd, 1892, this apecies was common on the shore of Deep Lake near Indian Head, Assa., where they were feeding on some small insects near the water, two were shot and their stomachs were full of the insects; a few observed at Medicine Mat, Assa., in April, 1894 I in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, north to Edmonton, Alta. 1897 ; and thence to Peace River Landing, Atha., in 190;; common in flocks in June, 1 891 at Banff, Rocky Mountains ; observed at Trail, Sophie Mountain and Old Glory Mountain near the International Boundary, 1902, and at Penticton, B.C., 1903 ; flocks observed at Agassiz, B.C., May 14th, 1889 ; seen flying in large flocks at Huntington and Chilliwack, B.C., feeding on the seeds of the western birch; two seen May 9th, 1893 at Victoria, Vancouver Island; common in flocks at Coldstream, Qualicum and Comox in June. {Spreadborough.) An abundant summer resident on both slopes of the Coast Range. {Lord) p:xtremely abundant; arriving and departing in enormous flocks. {Streator) Throughout the province ; an abundant resident ; appearing in great flocks during fall and winter at Victoria. {Fanntn.) Com- mon resident at Chilliwack, B.C.; an abundant winter resident at Lake Okanagan, B.C. {Brooks.) Avery abundant resident in all localities, B.C. {Rfwads.) Heard occasionally on Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C.; three specimens were secured from a large flock at Tyonek, Cook's Inlet, Alaska, in September ; no others were seen. {Osgood.) This bird was noted on the Yukon River at Windy Island, Lake Tagish (about Lat. 60°, B.C.), Lower Lebargc, Selwyn River, Sixty-mile Creek, Dawson, and Forty-mile Creek, Yukon District ; also at Circle City, Tatondu River and Charlie Creek in Alaska. {Bishop.) Two examples in yellowish juvenal plumage were taken at Homer, Alaska, on September 8th, 1901. Very common during early summer on Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, where many large flocks were seen migrating to the northward during July. A few more seen during August and September, and I am inclined to believe that it breeds very rarely there. {Chapman.) Breeding Notes.— On the i6th of March, while at Christie's camp, I saw a bird gathering material, and by watching her soon located the nest. The female alone carried material, the male CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN IIIKDH. 447 accompanying her to and from the nest, singinf,' constantly. A very short atop was made at the nest. Evidently some material was acciinuilated before it was arranf,M'd. A day or two after findin),' the nest I went to Shiilee early in the morning, K'oing to Two Rivers, and thence through the woods to the camp. At this date the ground was mostly covered with snow in the woods, though it was rapidly melting. I found the nest completed. The bird refused to leave the nest until I was nearly within reach; she remained near, several times returning to the eggs for a moment. The nest was placed well out towards the end of a limb of a spruce tree 27 feet above the ground. It was saddled on the limb and radiating twigs but not attached to them. Considering the size of the bird it is (piite large, rather flat and bears no resemblance to nests of Spinus tristis, measuring as follows: height, r63 inches; depth, 75 inches; outside top diameter, 4 inches ; inside top diameter, 2 inches. It is constructed mainly of dark pendulous tree-moss, with some fulvous bark from weed-stalks, plant-down, Usnea and other mosses. About the bottom of the nest is woven a few spruce twigs. The lining is entirely the pendulous moss. It contained four eggs but slightly incubated. These have a pale blue ground-colour, slightly darker than eggs of Spinus tristis, somt'what sparingly marked about the larger end with pale purplish and a few dots of brownish black. {Motre/L) Common in winter in Ontario. This bird, of all wild birds, breeds the most rt-adily in confinement. I have seen eggs that were laid by birds belonging to Dr, C. K. Clarke, of Rockwood, Ont., which had only been captured the previous winter, so had not been in a cage for more than a few months. [Rev. C.J. Youn^.) I have several nests with sets of eggs that were taken at Hamilton Inlet, Labrador, during the summers of 1895 to 1898. One nest before me is a pretty speci- men of bird architecture, and made externally of fine twigs and roots held together by moss with the inside lined with feathers. It was found June 17th, 1898, in a spruce tree 10 feet from the ground and contained five greenish white eggs spotted with brown. (W.Rame.) I have taken seven nests around Ottawa, Ont., in cedar trees (T/ti/ya occidcntalis) at heights of six, eight! ten and twelve feet. The nest is built of small twigs and'a little vegetable down, lined with hair-like roots or hairs. Size of nest 3-50 X 2, and 2x1. It nests in April and May, and lays three or 3 i itr I ill > IS I 448 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. four pale blue eggs, dotted at the larger end with brown. {Gar/teau.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Eleven ; two taken at Ottawa in May, 1888, by Prof. Macoun ; two at London, Ont.,by Mr. W. E. Saunders; two at Bracebridge, , Ont., in February, 1892, one at Medicine Hat, Assa., May, 1894, one at Spence's Bridge, B.C., in May, 1889, one at Cascade, B.C., June, 1902, and two at Penticton, B.C., 1903, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. Two sets of eggs taken at Wolfville, Kings Co., N.S. ; one of four eggs taken June 4th, 1894, and another of three eggs taken August 4th, 1894, both by H. Tufts. CXIII. PASSERINA Vieilliot. 18 16. 534. Snowflake. Passerifia nivalis {Liti^.) Vi^it.1^- 1820. Breeds generally throughout Greenland and said to be the commonest land bird on the east coast; breeds also on Melville Peninsula, and is very numerous on the Parry Islands ; seen by KaneatRenssalaer Harbour in June, 1854. {Arci. Man.) Abun- dant at Fort Chimo, Labrador. Breeds on the islands in Ungava Bay and occasionally on the mainland. Resident in the southern portion of Labrador. (Packard.) Not observed in crossing Lab- rador from Richmond Gulf to Ungava Bay; observed on Hudson Strait going south September 20th, 1896. {Spreadborough:) Several nests taken in August, 1902, in Tuctoo valley near the Peary headquarters. West Greenland. All the nests except one con- tained five eggs, the exception seven. A number of specimens taken at Disco, Greenland, in July, 1892, by the Relief expedition. The snow bunting appeared at Port Manvers, northeastern Lab- rador, about the lOth of August after which they became abun- dant. {Witmer Stone.) Common from April 1st to Oct. 21st at Prince of Wales Sound, Hudson Strait; breeding in large num- bers. {Payne) Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. {Wright.) Taken at York Factory, Hudson Bay. {Dr. R. Bell.) Very common in its summer migrations in Newfoundland. {Reeks.) Not so com- mon in winter as formerly in Nova Scotih. {Dozvm) First seen at Parrsboro, Cumberland Co., N.S., January 19th, 1897; not very brown. Macoun ; cebridge, [ay, 1894, ade, B.C., Mr. W. . ; one of rgs taken CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 449 to be the I Melville ; seen by t.) Abun- in Ungava ; southern ssing Lab- n Hudson .) Several the Peary one con- specimens xpedition. stern Lab- ime abun- ct. 2ist at irge num- !■.) Taken ommon in at so corn- First seen ; not very common, but from three to [twelve birds in a flock. (Morrell.) Three seen on Sable Island, N.S., April 21st ; one in July and a number in October, 1902. {James Bouteillier) An abundant winter resident in New Brunswick. {Chamberlain.) A common winter visitor at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. ( W. H. Moore.) Leave Lake Mistissini, Que., for the north about May loth. (/. M. Macoun.) A common winter resident in eastern Quebec. {Diomie) Abundant winter visitant at Mont- real, arrives about the middle of October in large flocks. I have observed them at Montreal from October 19th to April 26th. {Wintle) A common winter visitor at Ottawa, Ont. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) Commonly seen in large flocks during winter. I saw immense numbers at the head of Wolfe Island, near Kings- ton, Ont., in October, 1900, just before cold weather set in. Flocks remained until March, T901. This bird, though nesting com- monly m high latitudes sometimes rears its young on lofty moun- tains. A friend of mine found the nest on the Grampian Moun- tains in Invernesshire, Scotland. {Rev. C. J. Yoimg.) Abundant in the winter in the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts ; the last leave for the north soon after the ist of May, and some are back by the 1st of October. (/. H. Fleming) A winter visitor at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. Kliigh.) An abundant winter resident at Penetanguishene, Ont. {A. F. Young.) Very abundant in early spring; fall and winter resident in Manitoba. {Thomfison-Seton.) Very abundant in the spring and fall migrations at Indian Head, Assa.; a few at Egg Lake near Peace River Lat. 56", August 30th, and at Lesser Slave Lake, September 5th, 1903 ; on McLeod River northwest of Edmonton, Alta., saw three on October 2nd, 1898, and hundreds of them on the shore of Lake Ste. Anne, October 12th; vervcommon at Banff in winterand doubtless eastward to Manitoba; seen at Revelstoke, BC., April 9th, 1890, disappeared on the nth. {Spreadborough.) This neat and elegant bird breeds in the northernmost of-the Am- erican islands, and on all the shores of the continent, from Chester- field Inlet toBehring Strait. The most southerly breeding place recorded is Southampton Island in Lat. 62°, where Captain Lyons found a nest placed in the bosom of the corpse of an Eskimo child. {Richardson.) North to Fort Good Hope on the Mackenzie- abundant. {Ross.) On the 8th July, 1864, a nest of this species !!y| 450 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. m 1 1 l« I 1!!'' was discovered in a small hole in a sand bank at least two feet from the entrance along the shores of Franklin Eay. The parent was snared on the nest. (Macfarlane.) The snowflake is very abundant every winter, near Prince Albert, Sask. It arrives as soon as the cold and the snow appear, usually about the middle of October, and remains as long as the weather is cold and bad. {Coubcaux.) Observed at Sumas, British Colum- bia. {Lord.) Abundant resident ; more common east of Coast Range. {Famiin.) Rare migrant at Chilliwack ; common in the winter at Okanagan Lake and in the Cariboo District,B.C. {Brooks) This species is a summer resident in all northern Alaska and extends its summer wanderings to the northern islands off the coast of the Arctic Sea. {Nelson.) this bird may be seen at St. Michael, or its vicinity, at any season of the year, except the coldest weather in midwinter. {Turner) This species and the Lapland longspur are the commonest passerine birds, and in fact the only ones which could be said to be common at Point Barrow.' {Murdoch) Chori' Peninsula and Cape Lowenstern, Alaska. A rather rare species around Kotzebue Sound, but two pairs were seen that had young. {Grinnell) A series of 43 specimens, all from Point Barrow, Alaska, corresponds excellently with a series of Greenland birds obtained by the Peary expedi- tion. {Witmer Stofie) One specimen was shot at White Pass summit on June 12th. At St. Michael I saw two in September, and numbers on St. George Island, Behring Sea. {Bishop) Breeding Notes.— I have a set of four eggs that were taken by F. F. Payne at Cape Prince of Wales, Hudson Strait, June 20th, 1886. On June 25th, 1901, a snow bunting built its nest in a hole under the eave of Mr. Stringer's Hbuse on Herschell Island in the Arctic Ocean, west of the mouth of Mackenzie Bay ; on June iSth he found another nest and eggs on the ground in a hollow at the side of a hummock. {W. Raine) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Sixteen ; seven taken at Ottawa, Ont., by Mr. S. Herring; four others taken at Ottawa by Mr. F. A. Saunders; one at Hamilton, Ont., by Mr. T. Mcllwraith ; five cxC Indian Head, Assa., in April, 1892! by Mr. Spreadborough; one in May, 1884, in the Fraserval- ley, B.C., by Mr. J. Fannin. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 451 A large series of eggs from Nachvak, Labrador, taken by Mr. R. Gray in 1897. 0"<^ set of seven eggs taken at Repulse Ray, Hudson Bay, by Captain A. Murray. 534a. Pribilof Snowflake. Passerina nivalis townsendi (Ridgw.) Ridgw. 1898. This species was described from specimens taken by myself at St. Michael, and by Mr. McKay at Nushagak, Bristol Bay. At both localities the bird appeared only as a migrant. {Nelsoti.) Aleutian Islands, including Prybilof Islands, and Shumagin Islands. {Ridgway.) 535. McKay's Snowflake. Passemia hyperborea (Ridgw.) Ridgw. 1898. Western Alaska, breeding on Hall Island, (and probably St. Matthew Island) Behring Sea. {A. O. U. Check-List) Two specimens of this rare bird were recently sent to me from Bethel, 90 miles up the Kuskokwin River, in the western part of Alaska. This is probably the farthest inland at which the bird has yet been found. {Witmer Stoiie in The Auk, Vol. XV., 269, 1898.) Hall Island, Behring Sea, Aug. 4th, 1891. They were in large numbers on the beach and appeared to be breeding in the cliffs. (/. ^/. Macoiin.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Three; taken on Hall Island, Behring Sea, by Mr. James M. Macoun, Aug. 4th, 1891. CXCIV. CALCARIUS Bechstein. 1803. 536. Lapland Longspur. Calcarius lapponictts (Linn.) Stejn. 1882. Breeds generally throughout Greenland as well as on the Melville Peninsula and other lands to the westward of Davis Strait. {Arct. Man.) Abundant at Fort Chimo, Labrador. Breeds near the mouth of the Koksoak River and on the larger islands. {Packard.) One observed on a small island in James Bay, June 15th, 1896 ; not seen again until September; then I saw them in large numbers on the barren ground below Fort 452 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA, il'jlil, 1,1 ''J Chimo. {Spreadboroiigh.) Taken at Disco, Greenland, where they were breeding 1891. Common in northeastern Labrador after August 3rd. Breed about Nachvak and northwest to Hudson Strait. South of Nachvak they occur only as migrants. ( IVitmer Stone.) Rather common 10 miles north of Fort Churchill, on the shores of Button Bay, where an immature bird was taken July 31st, 1900. Abundant or. the " barren grounds " south of Cape Eskimo, August 4th. {Edzvard A. Prebles.) Not uncommon in Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Some specimens shot at Cole Harbor, Nova Scotia. (Dozims.) Occurs in winter at Grand Manan, New Brunswick. (C/tamder/ain.) Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. (Clarke.) Only one specimen taken at Prince of Wales Sound, Hudson Strait, on May 14th, 1885; "o"^ others were seen. (Payne.) Taken at Beauport ; a winter resident in eastern Quebec. (Dionne) A rare winter visitant at Montreal. This species is occasionally found mixing with the snowfl.!':e. (Witttle.) This species was first recorded at Ottawa, Ont., in the spring of 1890, when in company with horned larks and snowflakes. It remained in the flocks till May 25th. It was present again in the fall from Oct. 3rd to Nov. i8th. (Ottawa NaiuralisU Vol. V.) The only record I am aware of is that of a flock reported by Mr. Wm. Melville at Gravenhurst, Ont., on April 27th, 1890. (/. H. Fleming) In April, 1897, I "^^'t with a small flock of these birds at Toronto and t ok two or three males in grand plumage; in winter they more commonly appear in company with the snowflakes. (/. Hughes-Samuel)) Sometimes quite common in the spring migrations along Lake St. Clair, but very rare near London; only three or four specimens all told have been observed. (W. E. Saunders?) One specimen shot on Mouse River (Souris), Dak., October ist, 1873. The first of the southern migration. (Coues.) Very abun- dant spring and fall migrant wherever there is prairie or cleared country. They come in countless numbers about the middle of May and remain to the end of the month. After this time they go norti..vest to breed and return again about the last week in September. They remain about two weeks in the stubble fields and then pass southward. (T/iompson-Seton.) Very abundant at Indian Head, Assa., in the spring and fall migrations ; last of them seen at the end of May, 1892; on April 25th, 1894, a small CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 453 flock was seen at Crane Lake, Assa.; abundant as a migrant at Edmonton, Alta., from April 28th to May 5th, 1897. {Spread- bomigh.) In the year 1827 it appeared on the plains of the Sas- katchewan at Carlton House about the middle of May and remained for about ten days. They came to Cumberland House about the same time and remained in the furrows of a newly ploughed field. In the preceding year they were seen, though in smaller flocks, at Fort Franklin, Lat. 65^^°, in the beginning of May ; the crops of those killed were filled with the seeds of Arctostaphylos alpina. {Richardson.) North to Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River. {Ross.) Numerous every spring and fall in company with the horned lark at Prince Albert, Sask. {Cou- beaux.) Altogether about eighty nests of this species were col- lected in the " barren grounds " and on the shores of Franklin Bay. {Macfarlane .) Breeding Notes.— I have a dozen nests with sets of eggs that were collected at Herschell Island by Mr. Stringer and Mr. Young. The nests are made of dried grass, well lined with feathers and are always built on the ground, in the shelter of a tuft of grass or sod, and contain five or six eggs each. The eggs are laid in the middle of June and the female is a close sitter, most of the nests being found by flushing the bird off the nest. {W.Rame) MUSEUM specimens. Twenty-one ; two taken at Ottawa by F. A. Saunders; one at Toronto by Mr. S. Herring; one purchased with the Holman col- lection in 1885; one taken, at Cape Prince of Wales, Hudson Strait, by Mr. W. A. Paine ; thirteen taken at Indian Head, Assa., part (chiefly young) in September, 1891 and the others in April, 1892, two at Edmonton, Alta., in May, 1897, all by Mr. W. Spread- borough. Four sets of eggs ra'nging from 2-5 eggs each ; one of five ta' ' i8oo; later they were seen at St. Michael and onUnalaska Isia :. {JJis/io/>.) Hrekding Notes.— My acquaintance with the birds at this point was limited to the few hours ashore during this evening and the next. Hut the Alaskan longspur was, with the single exception of the snowy owl, the only land bird observed. The low-lying moss-covered tundras with not even a dwarfed bush or any exten- sive patch of grass to offer attraction to any other land bird, seemed to constitute a congenial abode for this species, and the longspurs were fairly common. They seemed to show preference for the driest tracts lying just back of the beach and on the higher ground separating the numerous lagoons and lakes. In my tramp across these tundras I would frequently meet with a male long- spur standing motionless on some conspicuous hummock. If I approached too close he would attempt to get out of my way by stealthily running to one side, but if pressed he would take flight and mount upwards circling high overhead and ntteringhis pleas- ing song. I sometimes heard them singing from their perches on the ground, but they were most generally heard while circling with apparent ai alessness far above, the yellow reflection of the midnight sun bringing out their forms against the indigo sky. To my ear the song of the Alaskan longspur resembles closely that of the western meadowlark, except that it is much weaker and more prolonged. A nest was found at this point containing two newly-hatched young and three eggs. It was sunk into a hum- mock of spahgnum and completely concealed from above by a tussock of grass, part of which was artfully arched over it. The nest proper consisted of a remarkably scant lining of long, fine grasses. At Cape Lowenstern, on July 1st, I noted a few long- spurs, and at Cape Blossom, over the rolling hills just back of the 11 ; r.ire in vflakc this 0111 nearly Arctic sea the 5th to lapses it is rr.) Quite laces than lis. {Mitr- :he Yukon ichael and Is at this ening and exception low-lying- uiy exten- and bird, s, and the areference the higher my tramp nale long- ock. If I 11 y way by take flight [his pleas- ir perches le circling ion of the o sky. To osely that 'eaker and lining two ito a huni- bove by a :r it. The long, fine few long- tack of the CATAI.OOUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 455 coast, this bird was common. Its song was heard for a few clays after our arrival, June 9th, but ceased altogether after the i6th. The first juveniles, full-grown, were seen on July 30th. In 1899, apparently a much earlier season, many nearly-fledged young were noted on July 1st. From August 1st to I2tb, 1898, juveniles were plentiful in the vicinity of the mission. They were in small companies or scattered singly in the edge of the tall grass border- ing the beaches. The tendency at this season seemed for them to be gathering into flocks, and on the nth, the last day of our stay on the sound, I saw a flock of about 25. I last saw the Alaskan longspur in 1898 on the i6th of August ; it was on our way up the Kowak, and at a point about 100 miles from the mouth. A small jcompany flew across the river in front of our steamer in a southerly direction. In the spring of '99, on the Kowak, the first longspurs were noted on the 20th of May. In this region they inhabit the bare level stretches of tundra, extend- ing at intervals from the river back to the foot-hills. On June 1st I secured a nest and five fresh eggs. The nest was embedded in the moss under an overhanging clump of dead grass, and con- sisted of fine dry grasses, with a lining of dark feathers of ptarmi- gan and short-eared owls. The diameter of the nest cavity 2-50, with a depth of roo. The eggs are nearly oblong-ovate in shape and measure -87 x -60, "86 x -61, -84 x "60, -86 x -60, '85 x -ei. Their ground-colour, as disclosed for a limited space at the small ends of two eggs, is very pale blue. Otherwise the eggs are so completely covered with pigment as to be almost uniform isabelia cololir. Overlying this are scattered scrawls and dots of bistre. I found another nest on Chamisso Island on the 9th July. This was similarly located and contained four eggs in which incubation was nearly completed. {GrmnelL) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. One set of five eggs with nest taken on St. Paul Island, Behring Sea, June 20th, 1897 by Mr. J. M. Macoun. Nest made of dried fibres of small rootlets and grass, with an inner lining of grass mixed with a little hair. 537. Smith's Longspur. Calcarius pictus (Swains.) Stejn. 1882. Rather common in the meadows at Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay, July 23rd to 30th, 1900. They were quite tame, byt hard to see ■F\" ml. itt 456 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. on the mossy hillocks. {Prcbles.) Observed only on one occasion near the Souris River, when it was in company with chestnut- collared and Lapland longspur, having like the last species just arrived from the north. {Cones.) An abundant spring but rare fall migrant in Manitoba ; on May 17th, 1884, they were at Car- berry, Man., in enormous numbers, and I had no difficulty in getting all the specimens I desired. {Thofnpson-Seton.) A large flock was seen at Indian Head, Assa., on May 12th, 1892, common by the 15th but gone in a few days ; a few were seen at Egg Lake, Peace River, Lat. 56° on August 30th, and others at Lesser Slave Lake, September 5th, 1903. {Spreadboroiigh.) This species was observed associating with Lapland buntings on the banks of the Saskatchewan, but no information regarding its breeding habits was received. Only one specimen was obtained. {Richard- son.) North to Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River ; rather rare. {Ross.) Very abundant in the country to the eastward of Fort Anderson in the " barren grounds," and on the lower Ander- son River. {Macfarlane.) This species has been taken at Fort Yukon by Strachan Jones but there is no other record of its hav- ing been taken in Alaska. {Nelson.) One male secured at Point Barrow, Alaska, June nth, i8g8. {Witmer St07te.) Breeding Notes.— This bird breeds abundantly on the slopes of the Caribou Hills, 80 miles south of the Arctic Coast west of the Mackenzie River delta. Here Mr. Stringer found several nests in June, 1897. They were built on the the ground in grassy hummocks and contained from 4 to 6 eggs in each, which some- what resemble eggs of the Lapland longspur, except that they have a paler ground-colour. Ten nests before me are all made of dry grass and well lined with feathers. {W. Rahte.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Three taken at Indian Head, Assa., one in September, i89i,and two in May, 1892, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. 538 Chestnut -collared Longspur. Calcarius orttatus (Towns.) Stejn. 1882. These birds were not noticed in the immediate vicinity of Red River, but I had no sooner passed the Pembina Mountains than I found them in profusion; from thence they extend in more or less abundance to the Rocky Mountains. {Cones.) A common I ■# Hi; CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 457 summer resident in Manitoba, local in distribution, many pairs affecting a limited area of dry prairie, while for miles no more of this species are to be seen. {Thompson- Seton.) First seen at Indian Head, Assa., May I2th, 1892, by the l8th they were com- mon; they breed there in great numbers; very common at Crane Lake; seen in large flocks flying in company with McCown's bunt- ing at Medicine Hat, May 2nd, 1894 ; breeding in large numbers at Crane Lake in June; found three nests with young and one with four fresh eggs June 12th, 1894, the nest was a rather deep hole in the ground, lined with a little dried grass; nest on the open prairie in short grass ; rare at the Cypress Hills, only one specimen seen in a week. {Spreadboroiigh.) Quite common at Brandon, Man., and Moose Jaw, Assa., in 1896. This is a common bird everywhere on the prairie from Indian Head, Assa., westward to Frenchman's River; this species, the horned lark and McCown's bunting make up nearly the whole avi-fauna of the absolute prairie. It is exclusively a prairie bird and is more or less common in all the country traversed in 1895 to Milk River. No nests were taken before June i8th, though in the preceding year young were hatched before that date. {Maconn) I have found this bird breeding abundantly throughout the prairie parts of Manitoba and Assiniboia. It was especially numerous on the prairie north of Moose Jaw, Assa., where during the first week of June, 1891, I found many nests on the ground at the side of sods and containing five or six eggs each. {W. Raine.) Breeding Notes.— My first specimens were secured July 14th, 1873, at which dates the early broods were already on wing. Uniting of several families had scarcely begun, however, nor were small flocks made up, apparently, till the first broods had, as a general thing, been left to themselves, the parents busying them- selves with a second set of eggs. Then straggling troops, con- sisting chiefly of birds of the year, were almost continually seen, mixing freely with Baird's buntings and the skylarks; in fact, most of the congregations of prairie birds that were successively disturbed by our advancing wagon-trains consisted of all three of these, v/ith a considerable sprinkling of Savanna sparrows, shore larks and bay-winged buntings. The first eggs I secured were July i8th, nearly a week after I had found young on wing; these were fresh; other nests examined at the same time contained newly hatched young. Again, I have found fresh eggs so late as III! 458 GKOLO(;iCAL SURVKY OF CANADA. the first week in August. During the second season, the first eggs were taken July 6th, and at that time there were already plenty of young birds flying. The laying-season must consequently reach over a period of at least two months. I was not on the ground early enough to determine the commencement exactly, but supposing a two weeks' incubation, and about the same length of time occupied in rearing the young in the nest, the first batch of eggs must be laid early in June to give the sets of young which fly by the first of July. There is obviously time for the first pair to get a second, if not a third, brood off their hands by the end of August; I should say that certainly two, and probably three, broods are reared, as a rule. The result of all this is that from the end of June until the end of August young birds in every state of plumage, and the parents in various degrees of wear and tear, are all found together. The nest, of course, is placed on the ground, usually beneath some little tuft of grass or weeds, which effectually conceals it. Like that of other ground-building sparrows, it is sunk flush with the surface of the ground, thin at the bottom, but with thicker and tolerably firm brim ; it con- sists simply of a few grasses and weed-stems for the most part circularly disposed. In size, the cup is about 3 J^ inches across the brim and nearly 2 in depth. During the first season, I only found four eggs or young in a nest; but I afterward took one containing six eggs. These measure about J long by ^ broad, of an ordinary shape. They are difificult to describe as to colour, for the marking is intricate as well as very variable here as elsewhere in the genus. I have called them " grayish-white " more or less clouded and mottled with pale purplish gray which confers the prevailing tone; this is overlaid with numerous surface markings of points, scratches and small spots of dark brown, wholly indeterminate in distribution and number, but always conspicuous, being sharply displayed upon the subdued ground colour. On those occasions when I approached a nest containing eggs, the female usually walked off quietly, after a little flutter, to some distance, and then took wing; at other times, however, when there were young in the nest, both parents hovered close overhead, with continuous cries. {Coucs.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seven; three taken at Indian Head, Assa., in September, 1891, and May, 1892, one at Medicine Hat, Assa., May, 1894, and CATALOfiUK OK CANADIAN BIROS. 459 two at Crane Lake, Assa., June, 1X94, ,ill In- Mr. .Sprcail- boroiiph. Numerous nests were taken at Crane Lake in June, 1894, but nearly all contained younj,' oregjfs nearly hatched. In June, 1895, many nests were found south of the Cypress Hills and in all the nests the sets ranj,n;d from 3-5. The sets in the collection were taken at Crane Lake June 8th and 9th, 1894, by Prof. Macoun. CXCV. RHYNCHOPHANES Haird. 1858. 630. McCown's Longspur. Rhyncliophanes mccoivttii (Lawk.) Ridgw. 1877. A specimen of this bird was taken just west of Manitoba by Mr. Thorpe near Dalesboro. {Thompson-Scton.) This species was never seen in the Red River region and I do not think it occurs on that watershed which is so thickly populated in summer with C. ornatus. It seems to be one of the many birds that mark the natural divi- sion between that region and the Missouri Basin. The first speci- men taken was near Fort Buford. As we progressed towards the Milk River the bird became more and more abundant and it occur- red throughout the country thence to the Rocky Mountains. McCown's longspur was very abundant in the country about Frenchman's River where both species were breeding,but further west C. ornatus, diminished in numbers while McCown's longspur increased and extended to the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. {Cones) First seen at Indian Head, Assa., May 23rd, 1892; by the first June they were abundant on burnt prairie and land that had been broken and let mn to weeds. Numbers remained to breed ; two individuals were cen at Medicine Hat, Assa., April 2ist, 1894, after which time they became common both there and at Crane Lake too miles further east. By May 2nd they were in thousands at Medicine Hat and numbers of males were in full song. Common at Crane Lake in June ; amongst other nests one was found containing five eggs, one of which belonged to a cowbird. The nest was a rather deep hole in the prairie, lined with a little dried grass ; in 1895 they were common at Moose Jaw, at Old Wives' Creek, Wood Mountain, Frenchman's River up to the Cypress Hills, Assa., but not in the hills, and westerly from there to Milk River, where they decreased in numbers and only a few extended to the foothills near Waierton Lake ; observed a num- I t ,.ill ^1 ■\' ^^^^^^^H p; ■ ■ ^^^H 1 H |mJ 1 1 i ii 1 460 GEOLOGICAL SURVKY OF CANADA. ber at Calgary, Alta., June iQth, 1897; one seen on the shore of an island in Lesser Slave Lake, Atha,, May 31st, 1903. This species and C. onujtus were always found together and are true prairie species. {Spreadboroug/t.) I secured an adult male on June 3rd, 1887, and on the same day three years later, shot two females at the same place ; these are all I have seen at Chilliwack, B.C. {Brooks.) Breeding Notes.— This bird is a great favorite of mine. I love its sweet song, for the male bird has the habit of soaring into the air for some distance and then descending with outstretched wings, with a parachute-like descent sliding down on the scale of its own delicious music. During June, 1891 and 1893, I found this species abundant on the hilly prairie north of Rush Lake, Assa. Here it builds its nest on the ground at the side of a sod and lays four or five eggs. The female is a close sitter, not leav- ing the nest until the intruder has stepped close up to it. The eggs are like those of Smith's longspur in colour and markings, but average smaller in size. {W. Kaine.) This is a very common species in many parts of the prairie region. Many nests were seen in 1894 and 1891, and all wen- in a hole in the ground with slight elevation on one side. Nest of dried grass and indis- tinguishable from that of the chestnut-collared bunting. {Macoufi.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Fourteen ; two taken at Indian Head, Assa., May, 1892, one at Old Wives' Creek, Assa., May 25th, 1895, two at Crane Lake, Assa., April 25th, 1894, eight at Medicine Hat, Assa., in April and May, 1894, all by Mr. Spreadborough ; one taken at Rush Lake, Assa., May 29th, 1893, by Mr. W Raine. Two sets of four eggs each, one taken at Crane Lake, June nth, 1894 and the other south of Wood Mountain, Assa., June 14th, 1895, both by Prof. Macbun. CXCVL POOCiETES Baird. 1858. 540. Vesper Sparrow. Pooc<2tes gramineus (Gmel.) Baird. 1858. A common resident in fields in Nova Scotia. {Downs.) Com- mon in King's Co., N.S. from the middle of April to October. {H. Tufts.) Not uncommon at Baddeck and Margaree, Cape CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BrRDS. 461 Hretoii Island, N.S., July, i8q8 ; a few specimens seen at Riistioo, Prince Edward Island, 2nd July, iH«8. {Mucoun.) y\n abundant bird on Prince Edward Island, frequenting the open fields in the more settled districts. {Dwight.) One specimen shot at Hamp- ton, N.B., June, 1881. {Chamberlain.) An abundant summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.H. {W.H. Moore) Not common in eastern Quebec. {Dionnv.) A common summer resid- ent in the Montreal district ; breeds on the island of Montreal. Nests with eggs found from May 14th to 28th ; observed from April 7th to October 8th. {IVintle.) An abunilant summer resid- ent breeding in large nnmbers. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) Very common in meadows and pastures ; have found the nest on two occasions the last of April. (Rev. C.J. Young.) One of the commonest summer residents in the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. (/. H. Flemint^.) A very common summer resident in aU western Ontario. {W. E. Saimders.) An abundant summer resident at Guelph, Ont.; arrives about April ist and leaves about October 15th. {A. B. Klugh.) Very abundant in summer; breeding at Penetanguishene. Ont. {A. F. Young.) One pair found breeding at C4che Lake, Algonquin Park, Ont., 1900. {Spread- borough.) Common at Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan River; specimens taken, all males. {Nuiiitig.) Numerous in all open situations between the Coast Range and the Rockies as far north a'- Lac la Hache, B.C. {Rhoads.) Mr. Streator and the writer plact. the Ashcroft, B.C. birds under confinis. The vesper sparrows of Cariboo District, B.C. seem closer to the typical species than to either of the subspecies affi.ds ox eon- finis. They were common at 158-Mile House, and were also breeding at timber line at Barkerville. {Brooks.) Breeding Notes.— Nest bulky, near stone quarry, built on the ground composed of grass and weed stalks, lined with horse hair and fine grass ; eggs 4, grayish white, marked all over with spots and splashes of dull reddish brown. {G. R. White) Arrives in New Brunswick from winter quarters during April. Have found with full sets of eggs early in May ; and once a nest with three eggs was found with partly incubated eggs in September. ( W.H. Moore) This species breeds around Ottawa in May and June. Nest sunken in the ground, the brim being on a level with the soil ; nest composed of grasses with sometimes a few bits of green moss or a few hairs ; four or five eggs are the usual number. {Garneau) 462 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Six ; two taken at Ottawa, Ont., in July and October, 1890, by F. A. Saunders ; one at London, Ont., taken April 15th, 1881 ; two taken at Toronto, by S. Herring. One set of four eggs taken at Ottawa, June 2nd, 1898; nest on the ground made of dried grass. 640a. Western Vesper Sparrow. Pooccetes grafnifieus confinis Baird. 1858. This species breeds from Pembina on the east to the base of the Rocky Mountains on the west along the 49th parallel. (Coues.) A very abundant summer resident on the prairies of Manitoba. {Thompson-Seton!) This species arrives on the Saskatchewan plains early in May, and frequents the withered grass which makes an excellent cover. It was not seen by us beyond Lat. 57°. {Richardson.) On 26th June, 1864, we found a nest of this species containing six eggs in a sparsely wooded tract of country to the east of Fort Anderson. {Macfarlane.) Quite a common summer resident throughout the country around Prince Albert, Sask., and to be seen running ahead on every trail; breeding in great numbers in the region. {Coubeanx.) In 1895 this species was common from Winnipeg to the Rocky Mountains on or about the 49th parallel. It always nested on the ground, but seemed to prefer being where there is more or less brush. It was first found nesting on June 2nd. First seen at Indian Head, Assa., on May 9th, 1892; common by the 13th; found two nests on the ground, June 7th, with four eggs in each; first seen at Medicine Hat, Assa., April 30th, 1894, two individuals, both males ; next day five were seen and by May 4th they were common and the same at Crane Lake on the 7th ; common in the east end of the Cypress Hills in the latter end of June; in 1891 it was found to be common and breeding around Banff, Rocky Mountains, in the direction of Devil's Lake; at Edmonton, Alta., May 1st, 1897, they very soon became common and began to pair. They were common in the foothills from Calgary to Crow's Nest Pass. Common on all the small prairies throughout the Peace River country between Lat. 55°-57°; common along the trail on all the dry grass land from Edmonton to Jasper House in 1898 ; this species was common at Kamloops, Spence's Bridge, Enderby and CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 463 the Nicola valley, B.C., in June, 1889, and on the plateau between the North Thompson and Bonaparte rivers; a few observed at Chilliwack, B.C., in the spring, and one at the mouth of Tami Hy Creek, September 8th, 1901. In April and May, 1903, they were quite common at Penticton in southern British Columbia. {Spreadborough) Very common in the interior; breeds. {Streator.) An abundant summer resident east of Coast Range, also on Van- couver Island. {Fatmin.) Migrant; not common at Chilliwack. Specimens are very pale and may belong to affitiis. {Brooks.) Breeding Notes.— Several nests were found at Pembina, con- taining eggs, about the middle of June. One of them also held two Molothrui eggs. The nests were built in open ground, quite deeply sunken so as to be flush -ith the surface, and -ore sub- stantial than those of many ground-builders, the walls being an inch or more thick at the brim. The cavity is small and deep in comparison with the whole nest. The usual materials are grasses and weed-stalks, the coarser material outside, the finer fibres within and at the bottom. The eggs, of which I have not found more than four, measure about o-8o by 0-55; they are grayish- white, heavily marked all over with spots, dashes and blotches of reddish-brown, and a sprinkling of fine dots of the same or darker brown. The female is a close sitter, not leaving the nest until nearly trodden upon, and then fluttering off as if crippled, to dis- tract attention from the nest to herself. {Coues.) This is a very common prairie species, breeding in all parts of Assiniboia and Alberta. A nest taken on 31st May, 1895, contained three fresh eggs. The nest was, on the sloping side of a coulee, placed on the ground under a tuft of grass. It was built chiefly of fine material, the base being leaves of grass, the coarser at *he bot- tom. A few hairs were worked in at the last. Another nest identical in every way was taken 19th June, in a clump of Poten- tillagracilis at the edge of a ravine. {Macouti.) MUSEUM specimens. Twenty-seven; one taken atCarberry, Man., by Mr.Thompson- Seton; four at Indian Head, Assa., in May, '1891, one at Old Wives' Creek, Assa., May 27th, 1895, seven at Medicine Hat, Assa., May, 1894, two at p:dmonton, Alta., May, 1897, six at Banff, Rocky Mountains, May, 1891, two at Kamloops, B.C., June 20th, 4 464 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. r 1 i.' 1 1889, three at Spence's Bridge, B.C., May, 1889, and four at Pen- ticton, B.C., April, 1903, all by Mr. Spreadborough. Two sets of four eggs each taken at Crane Lake,Assa., June nth, 1894, by Prof. Macoun; another set of four eggs taken at Fort Saskatchewan, Alta., May 7th, i8g8, received from Mr. W. Raine. 540d. Oregon Vesper Sparrow. Pooccetes gramineus affinis Miller. 1888. Western Washington and British Columbia, including Van- couver Island. {Ridgway.) West side of Coast Range, B.C., and Vancouver Island. {Fannin.) A few observed at Chilliwack, B.C., in the spring of 1901; and one individual at the mouth of Tami Hy Creek, Sept. 9th of the same year. {Spreadborotigh.) MUSEUM SPECIMEN. One taken at the mouth of Tami Hy Creek, Chilliwack River, B.C., September 9th, 1901, by W. Spreadborough. CXCVII. PASSERCULUS Bonaparte. 1S38. 341. Ipswich Sparrow. Passerculus princcps Maynard. 1872. Taken at Lawrencetown near Halifax, N.S., March, 1878. {Matthew Jonei.) One taken at Point Lepreaux, N.B., April, 1876. {Chamberlain.') On April 7th, 1895, when 260 miles from Halifax on board the S.S. Labrador bound for Liverpool, two of these sparrows came on board and remainedcfor some hours; apparently they were on their way to Newfoundland. (/. H. Fleming.) In the summer of 1899 the writer spent six weeks on Sable Island and had ample opportunity to study the habits of this bird. It was the only resident land-bird on the island and all. nests found whether new or old belonged to it. Most of those found were scooped out of the sand and built more or less with grass. Many birds winter on the island, and as far as known it is its only breedihg grounds.. Dr. Jonathan Dwight, jr., of New York has written a full account of its habits and nesting on the island. In 1902 Mr. W. E. Saunders, of London, Ont., who spent some time on the island, published a very full account of its life history in the Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. XVI. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 465 542. Sandwich Sparrow. Passerculus sandwicJmisis (Gmel.) Baird. 1858. A few were seen on Unarlaska Island, October 5th, 1899, and two young secured. {Bishop) This species occurs during the summer along the entire Aleutian chain and on the island of Kadiak, in addition to the southeastern shore of the territory. Dall cites it from Unalaska where he found it numerous as he did also to the eastward, but he did not find it to the west of that island. {Nelson) This species is one of the earliest arrivals at Unalaska, usually about the loth of May. They breed in June in the grass. {Turner) On June 3rd, 1890, in a grassy patch near Lukanin beach, on St. Paul Island, I several times flushed a sparrow which I identified as this species. {Palmer ),Y\wq specimens were taken on Amagnak Island, near Dutch Harbour, Unalaska, in September 1897. {Grinnell) Common about the prairies and open timbered lands. {Lord) Common on the coast in the fall. {Streator) An abundant summer resident west of Coast Range; breeds on Vancouver Island. {Fanmn) Tolerably common migrant at Chilliwack. {Brooks) A few specimens taken at Chilliwack, B.C., in the sprmgof 1901; taken at Hastings, April, 1889; first seen near Victoria, Vancouver Island, about April 20th, 1893, by May 4th they were common. {Spreadborough) One seen on April 23rd, 1887, at Victoria; abundant the next day; common along the sea coast at Salt Spring Island, Nanaimo and Comox. {Macoun ) Breeding Notes.— On June loth, 1893, at Vancouver, B.C., found a nest and five eggs of this bird. The nest was built on the ground, made of dried grass and lined with hair. The eggs are greenish-white, heavily blotched and spotted with light brown •and lilac; size 74 by -54 inches. {W. Raine) MUSEUM SPECIMEN. One specimen taken at Victoria, Vancouver Island, April, iqth 1887, by the writer. f . y . 642a. Savanna Sparrow. Passerculus sandwicheftsis savanna (WiLS.) Ridgw. 1880. Common throughout eastern Labrador; breeds at the mouth of the Koksoak River and at Davis Inlet. {Packard) Tolerably 466 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. lli' li; I" ,;" '"1 te 'if common on the islands and shores of James Bay, from Moose Factory to Richmond Gulf ; none seen in crossing Ungava until we neared Fort Chimo. {Sprcadboroiigh) Two adult specimens from Chateau Bay, July 14th, 1891. {Norton.) Abun- dant throughout the summer in Newfoundland. {Reeks.) Un- common; passes through Nova Scotia in spring. {Downs.) Very common from the middle of April till October in Kings Co.,N.S. {H. Tufts.) Rather rare at Baddeck and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, July, 1898; common on the shore at Brackley Beach, Prince Edward Island, June 29th, 1888. {Macoun.) This is prob- ably the most abundant bird on Prince Edward Island, and is found everywhere except in woods. On sand beaches, marshes or dry fields its weak song was constantly heard and in certain pastures it seemed as if every third fence-post was occupied by a singer. {Dwiglit.) An abundant summer resident in New Brunswick. {Chamberlain^ A common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moore) Very abundant on the Magdalen Islands; breed- ing in every open field. {Bishop.) An abundant species on all the grassy islands and shores of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. {Brewster.) A common summer resident in eastern Quebec. {Dionne.) An abundant summer resident at Montreal; breeds on the Island of Montreal. Nests with eggs found May 24th. Ob- served here from April 7th to October ist. {Winile.) A common summer resident at Ottawa ; breeds by St. Louis dam. {Ottawa Naturalist, YolY.) I found this bird to be the commonest bird on the Magdalen Islands in 1897. It nests in May and June and usually lays five eggs, but sometimes only four. It is also very common on Simcoe Island, in Lake Ontario, but not so common on the main shore. {Rev. C.J.Young.) Reported by Mr. Tavernier as common at Beaumaris, Muskoka district, on April 22, 1898; I have not met with it in Parry Sound. (/. H. Fleming.) An abundant species around Toronto in all suitable localities. (/. Hughes-Samuel.) Observed a pair at Cache Lake, Algonquin Park, Ont.,Junel8th,i900. {Sprcadborough) A common summer resident at Guelph, Ont. An inhabitant of pastures. {A. B. Klugh.) Breeding Notes.— Nest on ground, built of grass and lined with horse hair; eggs four, a light gray, thickly mottled with CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 467 reddish brown. {G. R. White.) The nesting season at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B., is from May to July. Three to five eggs are laid in a loosely constructed nest of grasses on the ground, or sometimes by the side of a log or root. {W. H. Moore.) Quite common at Ottawa and Lake Nominingue. Nest sunken in the ground and hidden by the grass, made with grasses, rootlets and hairs. Sometimes only two or three bits of grass and hairs are used. One nest was found in sand under a potato plant. It nests in May, June and July and lays four eggs. {Garneau.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Four; taken at Ottawa in October, 1890, and September, 1891, by Mr. F. A. Saunders. One set of four eggs taken on Toronto Island on May lOth, 1856, by Mr. W. Raine, and another of four taken in the same place June 21st, 1894, by Mr. G. F. Dippie. 5124. Western Savanna Sparrow. Passerculus smidwichetisis alaudinus {"Ro^AV.) Ridgw. 1877. Breeds in profusion throughout the region explored, that is along the 49th parallel. Though not exclusively a bird of the prairie, it seems to be as much at home in the open plains as anywhere, associating with Cetitronyx, the chestnut-collared and McCown's longspurs. It is also found in the brush along streams and the larger rivers which are not frequented by the above species. {Coues.) An abundant summer resident on the prairies in Manitoba. The bird is remarkably shy, even in places where man is scarcely ever seen. {Thompson-Seton) First seen May nth, 1892, at Indian Head, Assa., common by May 13th; they breed in the vicinity in great numbers; common at Crane Lake, Assa.; seemed to prefer low ground where there were bushes; quite common on the east end of the Cypress Hills the last week in June, 1894, in low damp ground. In 1895 its habits were more carefully observed and it was found that it was always by pools of water or in marshes at West Selkirk, Brandon, Moose Jaw, Parkbeg and Old Wives' Creek. It was found nesting at 12-Mile Lake, near Wood Mountain, and always in marshy spots. This.species was noted wherever there was water or marsh for 400 miles to the westward to the foothills *of the Rock- Mountains. {Macou?t.) First seen at Edmonton, Alta., May 31.1, 1897, next 468 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. I! i C I ,, (I fii'i li day they were common ; two nests were taken on the ground near a lake; each contained five eggs; common in the foothills, south of Calgary in 1897; first seen on April 25th, common 2gth at Penticton south of Lake Okanagan, B.C.; common from Lesser Slave Lake to Peace River Landing, Lat. 56° 15', June, 1903 ; com- mon on the damp grass land from Edmonton to Jasper House,also in the MacLennan River valley.B.C, in 1898; one of the commonest species from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific coast. This species was taken at Banff, in the Rocky Mountains, in 1891, and at Revelstoke, mouth of Salmon River, Agassiz and Huntington, B.C.; also at Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Spreadborough^ This is a common species from the Saskatchewan northward to the " barren grounds." {Richardson^ Not uncommon, but in summer only, and breeding here on the prairie at Prince Albert, Sask. {Coubeaux.) Common down the Mackenzie River to its mouth. {Ross.) Very abundant in marshy and sparsely wooded tracts or plains near Fort Anderson and on the lower river, seeing that " upwards of 200 nests with eggs " were collected in that quarter. They were all placed on I'ic ground and com- posed of dry stems of grasses lined with finer materials of the same. Sometimes the nests are lined with a few featiiers and deer hair. The number of eggs in a nest was four or five. {Macfarlane.) Common about the prairies and open places. {Lord.) Abundant summer resident on the coast, {^treator.) Summer resident on the coast. {Fannin.) An abundant summer resident at Chilliwack, an occasional bird remaining all winter. {Brooks.) This form breeds in all localities in British Columbia from the Rocky Mountains to the coast, including the islands, from the sea level to 5,000 feet. {Rhoads.) Sumas prairie, Lulu Island and English Bay, B.C. ; common at those localities. {E. F. G. White^ Next to the Lapland longspur this bird is the most abundant of the sparrow tribe throughout the Behring Sea coast region of Alaska, and it extends thence north to the Arctic shores of the territory. {Nelson.) This species was not obtained at the Aleutian Islands, but at St. Michael it was as common as the other species. {Turner.) The western Savanna sparrow was fairly numerous in the vicinity of Cape Blossom, Kotzebue Sound. The grassy meadows bordering lagoons seemed to belts most congenial haunt, although I met with a few on the hillsides CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 469 towards the interior of the peninsula; young were half-fledged by July loth. {Grinnell.) Six breeding specimens taken between June 1st and July 27th, and three in winter plumage, illustrate this species as seen at Point Barrow, Alaska. ' {Witmer Stotie.) A few were seen and four specimens taken at Hope and Tyonek, Cook's Inlet, Alaska, September, 1900. {Osgood.) I saw several Savanna sparrows in the marshes at Chilkat Inlet, June ist, 1899, and took individuals at Haine's Mission and at Skagway and others at Glacier, Alaska; several pairs were seen at Log Cabin on Lake Bennett, at Cariboo Crossing and on an island in Lake Tagish, B.C.; later they were seen on Lake Marsh, Lat.6o° 15', in the Yukon district; after this none was seen until we reached the Alaska boundary, after this they were found at Circle City, Charlie Village and at the Aphoon, mouth of the Yukon, and at St. Michael. {Bishop.) From June to September of 1901 eight specimens in all were seen at Homer and Sheep Creek near the Kenai Mountains, Alaska. Found breeding on the low sandy spit at Homer. Its nest was well concealed in coarse grass. It was entirely covered and the entrance to the three nests examined was on the southern side, {Chapman.) Breeding Notes. — A large suite of specimens was taken, a part of it, however, unintentionally, for it is not an easy matter to always distinguish between the Savanna sparrow and Baird's bunting at gunshot range; and when I have killed a bird I gener- ally make a point of preserving it, even though it is not particu- larly wanted as a specimen in order that its life may not have been taken in vain. The nest is placed on the ground, simply built of dried grasses with a lining of horse hair; the eggs are four or five in number, in this locality usually laid in the first half of June. Like nearly all the fringilline birds of this region the Savanna sparrow is frequently the cow-bird's foster-parent, and in one instance that came under my observation, the nest contained two of the alien eggs. {Cones.) On June i8th, 1882, within a few feet of a straw-stack in the barnyard, where horses and cattle are continually running about, I found the nest of a Savanna sparrow, protected only by a tuft of prairie grass. It contained five eggs, and was composed of grass with a meagre lining of horse-hair, the whole being slightly sunk in the ground. {Thompson-Scton.) This is a vory abundant species in Assiniboia and Alberta. Set of eggs usually four. Always breeds near pr* 470 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. lii water, generally in old grass in a marsh or by a pool. Nest com- posed altogether of dried grass with a lining of finer grass and a little horse or other hair. (Macoun.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Forty-seven; seven at Indian Head, Assa., May, 1891; two at 12-Mile Lake, near Wood Mountain, Assa., June, 1895; two at Crane Lake, Assa., June 7th, 1894; one at Peace River Landing, Atha., June i6th, 1903; nine at Edmonton, Alta., May and June, 1897; two at Banff,Rocky Mountains, June, 1891 ; four at Revelstoke B.C., April, 1890; two at Penticton, B.C., April, 1903; two at the mouth of Salmon River, B.C., July, 1902; three at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1889; nine at Huntington, B.C., October, 1901, and four at Victoria, Vancouver Island, April, 1893, all by Mr. W. Spread- borough. Four sets of eggs ; one of four taken at Twelve-mile Lake, Assa., June 7th, 1895, by the writer ; three sets of five eggs each, taken at Edmonton, Alta., on June 3rd and May 27th, 1897, by Mr. W. Spreadborough. 542. Labrador Savanna Sparrow. lasserculus sandwichensis labradoricus R. H. Howe, Jr. Fairly common at Port Manvers, Lat. 57" northeastern Labra- dor during the last half of August and the first week of September, , 1 900. ( Witmer Stone ^ CXCVIII. CENTRONYX Baird. 1858. 545. Baird's Sparrow. Centronyx bairdii (AuD.) Baird. 1874. It is difficult to understand how this bird eluded observation for thirty years from the time of its original discovery by Audu- bon on the upper Missouri nearly to the present day. I did not meet with the species along the Red River itself, but found it as soon as I passed from the Pembina Mountains to the boundless prairies beyond. In some particular spots it outnumbered all the other birds together, and on an average through the country from the Pembina Mountain to the Mouse (Souris) River it was one of the trio of commonest birds. The skylarks and chestnut- collared longspur being the other two. {Coues.) An abundant CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 471 summer resident throughout the Assiniboine valley, wherever there are alkaline flats. In many parts of the prairies west of Birtle there are low flat alkaline stretches sparsely covered with long, wiry grass. Wherever the land is of this character Baird's bunting is sure to be a prominent if not a prevailing species. {Thompsoti-Seton.) One specimen secured the first time we went collecting at Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan; shot on a high grassy plain between the fort and the lake. {Nutting.) Breeding Notes.— I found a nest and four eggs of this bird as I was riding over the prairie near Crescent Lake, Assa., on June 3rd, 1901. On June 6th, while driving to Saltcoats marshes we flushed another Baird's sparrow off its nest containing five ex- ceedingly handsome eggs. Nest on the ground at the side of the trail. June 7th I found another nest and five eggs, nest, like the other, made of dried grass, lined with hair, built on the ground in short grass. The eggs are like well blotched eggs of the vesper sparrow but are much smaller and averaging 75 x -55 inches. {W. Raine.) CXCIX. COTURNICULUS Bonaparte. 1838. 546. Grasshopper Sparrow. Coturniatlus savannarumpasserinus {^iL.%.) Ridgw. 1885. Said to occur in New Brunswick by Mr. Adams. (^Chamberlain:) I am quite sure this species is at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B., but have not secured a specimen. (W. H. Moore.) There are two Toronto records, one in 1879, and the second in 1890. (/ H. Fleming.) Fairly common in the two southwestern counties of Ontario; but a rare summer resident near London ; usually only one specimen observed in several years. (W. E. Saunders.) museum specimens. Two; taken at Hyde Park Corner, near London, Ont., in 1889 by W. E. Saunders. ^4 6a, Western Grasshopper Sparrow. Coturniculus savannarum bimaculatus (Swains.) Ridgw. 1901 . A summer resident near Vernon, B.C. {Brooks) if'r ti' ,( 5: i' .( If 472 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. CC. AMMODRAMUS Swainson. 1827. 547. Henslow's Sparrow. Ammodramus henslozvii (Aud.) Gray. 1849. Thus far we have found this bird only near Sarnia, and at Jeannette's Creek, Ont.; but as about a dozen birds were observed altogether on four different occasions in two years I believe it is a fairly common summer resident in the western peninsula of Ontario wherever a favourable locality exists. The original dis- covery was made on May 24th, 1898, when several were noted at Jeannette's Creek and since then they have been found in the locality on two other occasions. This is the most inconspicuous bird I have ever met with; it runs through the glass like a mouse and does not rise until one is almost on it, when it makes a short zigzag flight and again conceals itself. {W. E. Saunders.) I was surprised to find this sparrow on Lake Joseph, Muskoka, and apparently breeding. I first noticed it on July 14th, 1902, in a hay-field about a mile from Port Sanfield, and for some days had every opportunity of watching the males as they sat on the fence and uttered their rather wheezy notes. Two more pairs were in one field, and I could find none in any of the few likely places elsewhere. (/. H. Fleming in The Auk, Vol. XIX., p. 403) 548. Leconte's Sparrow. Amniodramus leconteii (Aud.) Gray. 1849. A male specimen of this species was given to me as an Acadian sharp-tailed sparrow, taken May 5th, 1897, at Toronto, Ont ; this is the first record for Ontario. (/. H. Ames in The Auk, Vol. XIV., p. 4".) The rediscovery of this little known and extremely interesting species in Dakota was made ir the season of 1873 by the Boun- dary Commission. On the march between Turtle Mountain and the first crossing of the Mouse (Souris) River, I came upon what seemed to be a small colonyof the birds in a moist depression of the prairie. I subsequently found the bird again and secured another specimen. {Coues') This beautiful sparrow abounds in Manitoba wherever there are meadows that offer the right com- binations of willow, scrub and sedgy grass, and has been taken by CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 473 myself on the west slope of Duck Mountain to the north of the province. {Thompson-Seton) In June, 1896, this species was breeding in a marsh at Sewell, Manitoba. {Macomi.) First seen at Indian Head, Assa., May 12th, 1892, next seen June 23rd, when two riests were found; each nest contained five eggs; nest made of dried grass under a tuft on the ground. First seen at Edmon- ton, Alta., late in May, 1897; not common, only observed bout a dozen altogether ; breeding in wet ground ; common on Bragg's Creek, about 40 miles from Calgary, June 28th, 1897 ; a few were breeding in a marsh at Peace River Landing, Atha., Lat. 56° 15' June 1903; and one individual was seen west of the Grande Prairie in August. {Spreadborough.) Breeding Notes.— On June 23rd, 1892, I found two nests of this species. Each nest contained five eggs. The nest was placed in old grass close to the ground, and was made of the same. The land was low but not wet. The female was shot as she left the nest. {Spreadborough) In June, 1893, Mr. G. F. Dippie and myself were fortunate in discovering the nest and eggs of this species which were previously little known. This was at Rae- burn, Man., since then I have found several more nests of Le- conte's sparrow in Manitoba and Assiniboia, all were made of fine dry grass and nothing else and were invariably built in a tuft of marsh hay a few inches above the ground. The eggs are greenish- white speckled at the largest end with ashy-brown and are small, •65 X -50 inches. {W. Raine.) On June 12th, 1896, the writer was collecting in a swamp south of Sewell, on the Canadian Pacific Railway and came on the nest of a bird new to him. The follow- ing is from his notebook and evidently refers to this species. "In the open swamp I found another nest in the grass, almost touch- mg the water which here was standing in the grass and was evi- dently permanent as Menyatithes tnfoliata and Calla palustris grew close by. When the bird arose I thought it was a clay-coloured sparrow, but on looking into the nest saw four eggs about the same size as the sparrow's but the large end was completely covered with a deep shade of brown which shaded off into a lighter colour and became mottled with a lightish-jrreen. Three eggs were as above, but one: was much lighter in colour and hence more distinctly mottled. They were much incubated and were injured in blowing. I refer the eggs to Leconte's sparrow. 474 i. I, I ■ , 'i GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Six ; two taken at Indian Head, Assa., May lOth, 1892, two at Edmonton, Alta., in May and June, 1897, and a pair at Peace River Landing, Atha., June l6th, 1903. One set of four eggs taken at Indian Head, Assa., on June 23rd, 1892, by Mr. Spreadborough ; one set of four taken at Sewell, Man., June 12th, 1896, by Prof. Macoun. 549 1. Nelson's Sparrow. Ammodramus nelsoni (Allen) Norton. 1897. There are several records for Toronto. Dr. Dwight says the Toronto birds are more nelsoni than subvirgattis, but not typical. (/. H. Fleming?^ I took a very fine female on 28th October, 1896, at Toronto, and on the 17th November, Mr. I. Percival Turner took two, a male and female, at the same spot. On the 17th November, 1900, 1 visited the place again and saw two. U.Hughes- Samuel.) On the 22nd September, 1894, near Toronto, Ont., I shot two individuals of this species ; on June loth, 1895, I shot a female and in the autumns of 1896-97-98 I saw many others. (C. W. Nash.) On my arrival at Winnipeg, Manitoba, Mr. Hine surprised me by producing a specimen of this form, shot at Winnipeg on May 25th, 1892. On June 30th, at Carberry, I heard a curious bird note and going over the slough to the spot, I put up two small dark- coloured sparrows. I obtained one which proved to be this form; later in the day I took two more; the above specimens were sub- mitted to Mr. F. M. Chapman and pronounced true tielsoni. { Thompson- Seton . ) Breeding Notes.— On June 12th, 1893, Mr. Dippie and myself found this bird nesting at Long Lake, Manitoba. The nest and eggs I presented to the U. S. National Museum at Washington. On the 14th June, 1894, I again visited the locality and was for- tunate in finding another nest and four eggs of Nelson's sparrow and the next day I took another set of five eggs. Nests were made of dried grass and built in a tuft of marsh hay a few inches from the ground. Their voice is like that of a grasshopper and they sing until long after sunset. {W. Raifie.) CATALOOUK OF CANADIAN BIRDS. MUSKUM SPECIMENS. 475 Two eggs taken at Long Lake, Manitoba, in June, 1894, by Mr, W. Raine. 549 la. Acadian Sharp-tailed Finch. Ammoiiramus nelsoni subvirgaUis (Dwight) Norton. 1897, Fairly common about the salt marshes at the mouths of the streams emptying into Minas Basin, King's Co., N.S., from June to October. (//. Tujts.) Possibly occurs in Nova Scotia. {Downs.) Several specimens taken in the vicinity of Hampton, N.B, {Chamberlain.) A nest of this [species was taken near Baddeck, Cape Breton Island, July, 26th, 1898 ; this species was not rare along the shore of the bay east of Baddeck. {Macoun.) A few birds in the salt marsh at Tignish, Prince PIdward Island were the only ones I could discover, although I searched in many other locali- ties. {Dwight.) Taken at St. Denis de Kamouraska, south shore of St. Lawrence, eastern Quebec ; breeding in some numbers. {Dionne) A casual visitor at Ottawa, Ont. One shot in 1882, identified by Dr. Coues. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) This form is peculiar to the fresh and salt water marshes of the Maritime Provinces of Canada, especially those bordering on the Bay of Fundy and the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Strangely enough it has never been taken in Nova Scotia, although it undoubtedly occurs there, fori have observed it within two or three miles of the boundary line when rambling over the meadows of the Petit- codiac River in New Brunswick, not far from the type locality. Since my discovery of the birds about ten years ago I have found them breeding at Tignish, Prince Edward Island, where they were recorded as caudactitus long before ' subvirgatus was separated by Brewster, at Bathurst, N.B., and at Rivifere du Loup, Quebec, on the south shore of the St. Lawrence. They have also been found a few miles west of the last named place at Kamouraska by Dionne. West of this I have not found them, neither at L'Islet nor on the marshes between the city of Quebec and Ste. Anne de Beaupre. Consequently there appears to be a wide gap between the headquarters of this form and those of nelsoni,— over one thousand miles. {Dzvight in The Auk, Vol. XIII., p. 276.) This species is tolerably common on low islands in the St. John River, in York Co., N.B. The spring migrants arrive in April, the first observed in 1903 was April 22nd, a week earlier than the I I '!|1, 476 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Savanna sparrow arrived. They run along among the grasses rather than take flight. The song is a low unattractive s-e-e-t s-k, emitted either from the ground or from an elevation. They feed about the margin of pools of still water where they seem to pro- cure aquatic insects and grass seeds. Their colours blend most per- fectly with such surroundings and it is only by persevering watch- fulness that an observer may see them, unless they happen to take flight. The nests are built back from the water where there is no danger from an overflow and are fairly well concealed. The few nests observed have been built of dried grass blades through- out, the lining being composed of the finest material. One nest was a mere film of blades, scarce compact enough to lift from the depression where it was placed. It was built under the side of a log and contained five eggs which were very uniformly marked, there being three distinct varieties of colouring. A set now before the writer, taken May 27th, contains four eggs, 71 x -59, •80 x'58, 72 X -60,72 X "59. The ground colour is pale greenish- blue marked with cinnamon-brown, umber and blue-gray. The first, third and fourth are so heavily marked as to obscure the ground colour, the second is much more finely and sparsely marked, and with the third most heavily marked about the large end. The nest was placed in a gully having a southern exposure, and was also well concealed by thick grasses. While the writer was walking across an island the bird flushed from under foot and flew quietly away without making the least attempt at alluring its disturber from the vicinity of the nest, noi did it return for some time. The male was not seen at all. The eggs were fresh, which fact probably accounted for the shyness of the birds. {W.H.Moore.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. One specimen taken at Scotch Lake, N.B., Sept. 7th, 1901, by W. H. Moore. One set of four eggs taken at Wolfville, King's Co., N. S., June 2nd, 1902, by Mr. R. W. Tufts. Nest made of grass placed among grass in a salt marsh. CCI. CHONDESTES. Swainson. 1827. 552. Lark Sparrow. Chondestes gtammacus {Say) Bonap. 1838. One seen on Sable Island N.S. on Sept. 6tli, 1902, and a number on October loth. {/antes Botiteillier.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 477 d a number This bird breeds regularly at Toronto; a nest was taken at the Humber, May 15th, 1899; it is very local and not abundant. (/. H. Fleming) The first time I saw one of these birds taken at Toronto was in May, 1894, and I have met with them at intervals since— notably on May 24th, i885,when I took a specimen and saw another. (/. Hughes-Samuel) A few were regularly observed near London from 1878 till 1889, but none were observed from 1889 till 1900, when a pair spent the summer about ten miles from London, Ont. This species is a fairly common inhabitant of the western counties of Ontario, along the Lake Erie shore, but is rare and, of late, irregular near London. A single one was noted and watched for a short time near Sault Ste. Marie in September 1880. {W.E.Saunders) 552a. Western Lark Sparrow. Ckondesies^rammacusslngalus (Swains) RiDGw. 1880. A common summer resident near Winnipeg ; a few seen there June 3rd, 1896; one shot by Mr. Hine. The Winnipeg specimens may belong to the eastern form. (Macoun) First saw two May i6th, 1894, at Medicine Hat, Assa., common by the isth; I believe they breed here as I saw them up to the first week in June when I left; a few specimens seen the last week in May, 1895, at Old Wives' Creek, Assa.; not seen again until July ist, when a pair was seen at Sucker Creek in the Cypress Hills ; quite common in the Milk .'River valley below Pend d'Oreille, later a few were seen at Castellated Rocks higher up the river. {Spreadborough) A very scarce summer visitant both east and west of the Coast Range, B.C. (Brooks) Seen only at Vernon, B.C., where two pairs of adult birds were feeding their newly fledged voune (Rhoads) ^ ^' MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seven; six taken at Medicine Hat, Assa., May, 1894, and one taken at Old Wives' Creek, May 22nd, 1895, all by Mr. Spread- borough. ' ^ CCn. ZONOTRICHIA Swainson. 183 i. 553. Harris's Sparrow. Zonotrichia querula (^xjtt) GkUB. 1847. A number of specimens, including aduLs of both sexes and young just from the nest, were collected, July 23rd to 30th, 1900, 478 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. at Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay, where the birds were common. They frequent the scattered patches of dwarfed spruce that grow in the small valleys and ravines intersecting the extensive ex- panse of precipitous ledges along the Churchill River in the vicinity of the post. They undoubtedly nest among these spruces but no nests attributable to this species were found. Several were seen on our return on the upper Hayes River, near the Robinson Portage and at the Echimamish, Keewatin. {Prebles) A fine series of specimens of this handsome and interesting bird was secured at our Mouse River Depot, during the latter half of September and beginning of October. Its breeding grounds areas yet unknown. {Coues.) Abundant spring and fall migrant, frequent- ing thickets in Manitoba. {Thompson-Seton) Specimen shot at Fort Pelly, August 29th, 1881; in flocks 50 miles west of Brandon on the road to Fort EUice, Man. (Macoun.) Only three were seen at Indian Head, Assa., during three months residence in the spring of 1892, these were seen May 12th and 13th. {Spreadborough) I took two individuals at Sumas, B.C., lOth January, 1895, ^"^ saw a third at Chilliwack. B.C. {Brooks) Taken at Cadboro Bay near Victoria by A. H.Maynard, October, 1894; and another individual shot at Comox, November, 1894, by W. B. Anderson. (Fanmn.) Breeding Notes.— I have pleasure in recording the first auth- entic nest and eggs of this species. On June nth, 1901, at Cres- cent Lake, Assa., I was fortunate in finding the nest in the root of a small willow at the edge of a bluff. The nest was made of grass and fine bark, lined with dry grass. The eggs are unlike those of any other sparrow. They are large for sparrows, averag- ing -SSx-eS inches, and are creamy white, spotted chiefly at the larger end with rusty brown and lilac and have a high polish. The parent bird was secured. This is the third species of sparrow found by me breeding in northwest Canada whose nest and eggs were previously unknown to science. {IV. Rnine.) museum specimen. One specimen taken at Indian Head, Assa., May 12th, 1892, by Mr. Spreadborough. 554 . White-cvowned Sparrow. Zonotrichialeucophrys (Forst.) Swains. 1831. Seems to be confined to southern Greenland ; not numerous but certainly a breeding bird, though its nest has not yet been CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 479 found in the country. {Arct. Man.) Very plentiful throughout eastern Labrador ; breeds abundantly at Fort Chimo. {Packard) Not observed on James Bay until a short distance north of Fort George when they becamecommon; very abundant from Richmond Gulf across Ungava to Fort Ciiimo. {Spreadborough.) Two speci- mens taken at Chateau Bay, Labrador, Jul 14th, 1891. {Nortott.) A common summer resident in Newfoundl. I. (Reeks.) The most abundant land bird in northeastern Labrad< common wherever there was any spruce scrub. {Bij^elow) I have < nests and eggs of this bird taken at Nachvak and Whale River, Ungava. {W. Raine.) A very common summer resident in New Brunswick; occurs more frequently at Grand Manan during migration. {Chamber lain) A tolerably common spring and autumn migrant at Scotch Lake York Co., N.B. (IV. H. Moore) Common at Lake Mistassini,' northern Quebec. (/. M. Macoun) Taken at Beauport ; sum- mer migrant in eastern Quebec. (Diojine) A scarce transient visitor at Montreal, both in spring and autumn. (IVvi/e) First seen at York Factory, Hudson Bay where it was abund- ant and where a small series, including old of both sexes, and young just from the nest, was taken, July 12th to 14th. About the post at Churchill it was extremely abundant July 23rd to 30th, but after passing north of that point we saw no more until our return when ascending Hayes River. (Prcbles) York Factory Hudson Bay. (Dr. R. Bell) Fort Churchill,Hudson Bay. (Clarke) A common migrant in spring and fall at Ottawa. (Ottawa Naturaltst, Vol. V.) A sparrow that I have never seen in Ontario in summer; neither did I observe it in June or July on the Mag- dalen Islands. It commonly arrives in Ontario about the 15th of May, and is plentiful by the 19th. It is very tame, frequenting wood-piles and brush-heaps. In the fall I have seen it on Wolfe Island, near Kingston, in September, but it is not so familiar a bird at that season. (Rev. C.J. Young) A fairly common migrant in the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. (/. H. Fleming) Transient visitant at Penetanguishene, Ont. ; not very common. (A. F. Voufig) A summer migrant in Manitoba, probably breeding in the north- eastern region. (Thompson-Seto7i) Only seen at Indian Head as a migrant between the 9th and 20th May. They were quite com- mon for some time. First seen on May 4th at Medicine Hat, 5 48o GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Assa.; they were common by the 9th, but were all gone by the 15th. On June 24th of the same year they were common in all the brush on the east end of the Cypress Hills and were certainly breeding. First seen at Edmonton, Alta., May 7th, 1897 ; none seen after the 9th. All were migrants. (Spreadborough) First noticed in numbers at Prince Albert, Sask., last spring (1899). Probably common but irregular in its visits. {Coubeaux) This species is a northern bird and breeds in all parts of the Northwest Territories, arriving about the middle of May and leaving early in September. {Richardson.) North to Fort Resolution on Great Slave Lake ; rare. {Ross.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS, Three; one taken at Wood Mountain. Assa., June, 1895, one at Medicine Hat, Assa., May, 1894, and one at Banff, Rocky Moun- tains, May, 1891, all by Mr. Spreadborough. Eggs; seven sets ; four sets of four each taken at Whale River, Ungava, in June, 1896, by G. Bouchier; one set of four taken at Fort Chimo, Ungava, in June, 1894, by G. Bouchier; one set of four taken at Nachvak, Labrador, in June, 1896, by J. Geer; one set of three taken on an island in James Bay, June 23rd, 1896, by Mr. Spreadborough. 554a. Gambel's Sparrow. Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii ^iUGVi . 1899. I was surprised to find that the white-crowned sparrows of the Mouse (Souris) River were the variety instead of typical leuco- phrys, but such was the case, as shown beyond question by some of the specimens taken with perfect head-dress ; found also in the Rocky Mountains in the autumn where they possibly breed. {Coues) North to Lapierre's House on the Mackenzie River. {Ross) This was common as a migrant at Indian Head in 1892, and at Medicine Hat, Assa., in May, 1894. About forty miles southwest of Calgary this species was rather common. A nest was taken June 28th having five fresh eggs, placed at the root of a clump of willows ; on Moose Mountain, at 6,000 feet altitude, found a nest with six fresh eggs, the same day another nest was taken at 7,500 feet, containing three young and two eggs; common in the foothills from Calgary south to Crow's Nest Pass ; common from Prairie Creek, Alta., CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 4^1 to the Henry House, 1898; very common and breeding at Banff, Rocky Mountains, in 1891 ; first seen April 23rd at Penticton, Lake Okanagan, B. C, where they became common ; very abundant at Revelstoke, B.C., in April, 1890; one seen at Trail near the 49th parallel, 1902, nearly all the specimens taken were males; in May many were breeding in burnt woods all around the town; rather common at Sicamous, B.C., in July, 1889, and at Kam- loops and Spence's Bridge also. {Spreadborough.) Two were seen at Lake Okanagan, B.C., December l6th, 1898. Common migrant at Chilliwack, B.C. {Brooks.) During migration this race is sparingly scattered as far west as Vancouver Island, where I took two specimens. It becomes more frequent on the western slope of the Coast Range, and in the interior I found it breeding at higher latitudes and altitudes. {Rhoads.) Rare spring and fall migrant in British Columbia. {Streator.) I found this bird very common east of the Coast Range. {Fannin) Descending from the bleak snow-covered rocks of White Pass we reached Portage on June 14th, a country of more luxuriant vegetation. Here this sparrow appeared and continued with us to Circle City, Alaska. {Bishop) Everywhere in Alaska, the presence of bushes and timber is an almost certain indication of this bird's presence in summer. {Nelson) This species is quite abundant among the alder patches on all parts of the island of St. Michael and breeds in considerable numbers. {Turner) This bird occurs at Point Barrow only as a straggler. Only a single individual was taken. {Murdoch) Occasionally seen on the high grounds of Kenai Mountains, Alaska, a few hundred feet above timber line. {Chapman) A few of Gambel's sparrows were observed in the vicinity of Cape Blossom, Kotzebue Sound, in July. They were always seen in brush patches or at their borders, just as is the case in winter in southern California. {Gnnnell) One female specimen taken ai Point Barrow, Alaska, is typical in every way. { Witmer Stone) Breeding Notes.— The following spring the arrival of Gam- bel's sparrow, as indicated by its beautiful song, was in the even- ing of May 2ist, and the species soon became common. The song is a clear sad strain of five syllables, and with rising inflect- tion. In the Kowak delta on the nth June, I obtained a set of six eggs in which incubation had commenced. The nest was sunk 482 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. f " into a hummock of moss on the ground under some alder bushes on a hillside. A clump of dead grass partly concealed it from view. It consisted of dry grasses, lined with finer grass and black rootlets. The eggs are pale Nile blue, rather evenly covered with irregularly-outlined spots of chocolate and vinaceous. They are ovate, and measure -83 x '63, '81 x -62, -86 x '63, '85 x -64, -83 x 62, and 76 X -60, the latter being a runt egg. {Grinnell.) The intermediate sparrow breeds in great numbers in the wooded sections of Anderson district. The nests were nearly always placed on the ground, in the tufts or tussocks of grass, clumps of Labrador tea {Ledum palnsire), and amid stunted willows. They were composed of fine hay and lined with deer hair, occasionally mixed with a few feathers. Several were made entirely of the finer grasses. The usual number of eggs was four, but a lot contained as many as five and six. Upwards of one hundred nests were collected in the region referred to. {Macfarlane.) On June 13th, 1893, at Banff, Rocky Mountains, I came across a nest and five eggs of this species; it was built at the side of a grassy mound and made of dried grass lined with hair. At Peel River, Arctic America, on June 2nd, 1898, Rev. C. E. Whittaker found a nest and four eggs built in a patch of moss on the ground. {W. Raine.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Twenty-seven; four taken at Indian Head, Assa., in September, 1891; three at Medicine Hat, Assa., in May, 1894; one at Edmon- ton, Alta., May 8th, 1897, ^nd one on Bragg's Creek, below Cal- gary, June 28th, 1897 ; one at Banff, Rocky Mountains, May, 1891; six at Revelstoke, B.C., April, 1890; one at Spence's Bridge, B.C., May, 1889; ten at Penticton, B.C., in April and May, 1903, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. 5546. NuttalPs Sparrow. Zonotrkhia leiicophrys fnittalli Ridgvvay. 1899. Common about the prairies and open timbered spots. {Lord.) West of the Coast Range, especially on the coast; this is the most abundant small bird in the neighbourhood of Victoria. {Fannin) Rare migrant at Chilliwack. {Brooks.) Taken at Agassiz and Yale in May, 1889; observed five at the mouth of Tami Hy Creek, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 483 Chilliwack valley ; very abundant at Huntington, B.C., on Sept. 9th, 1901, feeding on thistle seed; first seen on April loth, at Vic- toria, but common by April 17th, 1893 ; nest found May nth on the ground, made of dry grass, lined with hair and containing three eggs ; a summer resident on all parts of Vancouver Island, they do not appear to be. common at Comox. {Spreadborongh) A very common species on Vancouver Island; it was abundant on road- sides and in fields at Salt Spring Island and Comox in May, 1887. {Macomi.) A very abundant summer resident on the coasts of British Columbia. {Rhoods.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Nine ; five taken at Huntington, B.C., in September, 1901; four on Vancouver Island in April, 1893, all by Mr. Spreadborough. One set of five eggs taken on Beacon Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island, May i6th, 1890, by Mr. J. Fannin. 657. Golden-crowned Sparrow. Zonotrichia coronata (Pall.) Baird. 1858. Common about the prairies and open timbered spots. {Lord) A very abundant spring and fall migrant. {Streator.) An abundant summer resident. {Fannin.) Not common ; migrating in the lower Fraser valley ; breeds on the mountain tops at timber line. {Brooks.) Quite rare at Hastings, Agassiz, and Vancouver in April, 1889 ; not rare on Vancouver Island at Victoria in spring, seen for the first time April 27th, in 1893, by May 9th they had disappear- ed. {Spreadborough.) Abundant at Salt Spring Island and Comox in May, 1887. {Macoun.) In abundant flocks during our stay at Coldstream, Vancouver Island. I am inclined to doubt Mr. Fan- nin's statement that they are resident on Vancouver Island and would restrict their southern range in summer to the Queen Char- lotte Islands. {Rhoads.) At English Bay, near Vancouver City saw a flock of nearly loo May 4th, 1890; very common on Sumas praine in October of the same year. {E. F. G. White.) _ A few of these sparrows were seen and heard on August 21st in brush among spruces back of our camp on the Kowak River, Kotzebue Sound. They were not common at any time. {Gritinell) Common in the low, second growth brush about the village of Hope, Cook's Inlet, Alaska ; also occasionally seen on the moun- it ■If 484 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. t< ■( • Si'. 'If 1] fli i III > tains there. (Osgood.) This sparrow was found on the h^^^^^^^^^^^ above Glacier near Skagway and was common at White Fass urmitind continued to Portage, B.C. A "est a most fir,^^ was found in a conifer at Summit Lake June I2th^ (Bthoj,) Seen at Kenai Mountains and at Homer, Alaska. Was not seen until late summer at Homer when it became verycommon. (0^/- 2« ) The last of May. from the 25th to the 30th. it arnves m riinity of St. MichaeUnd breeds sparingly along the Behr.ng Sea coast of the territory, and more rarely on the shores o Kotzebue Sound. From the peninsula of Alaska south to Puget Sou d it is a common summer resident; its range extends beyond The Arctic Circle. (Nelson.) ^ P^'^ ^' '\^^%''''''' Z^'J^XJ. June. 1876, on the western end of Whale Island, near St.Michael, they'are not common in the interior. (Turner.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Four ; three taken at Victoria, Vancouver Island in April 1893; one taUn a. Hastings, Burrard Inlet, B.C., Apr.l 24th, .889, all by Mr. Spreadborough. 558. White-throated Sparrow. Zonoirichia a/dicol/is (Gm^i^.) SwAiiiS, i837- Reported by Stearns as common and breeding in southern Labrador; Audubon states that this species is common, and tha ^hey saw young late in July; Drexler obtained this species a Moose Fac'tory'on May 3-. i860; V.rriU reports this species as far the most common singing bird on Anticosti. (PM) Two specimens taken at Chateau Bay. Labrador, Ju y ^4th 891 (Norton.) A common summer migrant in Newfoundland. Z?..^^^^^ Fairly common along the Humber River, Newfoundland, 1899. (Louis H. Porte- ) An abundant summer resident in Nova Scotia. (Dj..,^.) Not uncommon on Sable Island in the spring and autumn of 1902 (James Bouteillier.) Common at Baddeck and Margaree Cape Breton Island, N. S., July, 1898; not --^^^^^2^^' f'^'^^];^. Beach Prince Edward Island, nests taken June, 1888. (Macoun.) ?h s bird so characteristic of the Canadian fauna, is le- ab^-'-^ than the ubiquitous juncos, but on account of its ^-^ and stnkmg song is far better known to the average inhabitant of Prince CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 485 Edward Island. {Divight) Breeding abundantly at Sydney, Cape Breton Island. {C, R. Harte) Common from May to October at Wolfville, King's Co., N.S. (//. Tujts.) A common summer resident in New Brunswick. {Chamberlain:) An abundant summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W.H.Moore) Abundant in the Restigouche valley, N.B. {Btittain & Cox.) Common on the Magdalen Islands; nesting about the last of June. {Bishop.) Everywhere about the Gulf of St. Law- rence, save on the wind-swept Magdalens, this bird was an abundant species. {Bretvster.) Common at Lake Mistassini in northern Quebec. (/. M. Macotm.) Taken at Beauport; a common resident in eastern Quebec. {Dio?me.) A common summer resident at Montreal. Breeds 'n Mount Royal Park. Observed here from April 24th to October ^oth. {Wi/itle.) A common summer resident at Ottawa and breeding. {Ottawa Naturalist^ Vol. V.) A common summer migrant in the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. (/. H. Fleming.) A very common summer resident at Guelph, Ont. Arriving about April 20th and leaving about October 30th. {A.B.Klugh) Abundant everywhere in Algonquin Park, Ont.; found a nest on the ground in a bunch of grass, July 15th, 1900; eggs quite fresh. {Spreadborough.) A common migrant but a rare breeder at London ; found only in openings in deep cedar swamps. Forty miles north of London and in the Bruce peninsula it is quite common. {W.E. Sautiders.) A common summer resident at Penetanguishene, keeping well to the deep swamps and probably breeds as they remain throughout the summer. {A. F. Young.) Common along the Moose River to Moose Factory, James Bay ; none seen further north. {Spread- borough.) Abundant throughout the region between Norway House and York Factory, Hudson Bay. It was especially numer- ous in the extensive tracts which had been devastated by fire. A few were noted, one of which was collected at York Factory in July, 1900; on our return trip a few were seen at Oxford Lake, September nth. {Prebles.) Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. {Clarke.) A common summer resident in woodlands in Manitoba; found breeding at Carberry, Shell River, Little Boggy Creek and Duck Mountain. {Thompson-Seton.) Only seen at Indian Head, Assa.,be- tween the 9th and 20th May, 1892, when they all migrated to the north; a few were observed at Moose Jaw and Old Wives' Creek, \it. J 486 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. I 1 Assa.,in May, 1895, but they soon disappeared. {Spread borough) One of the most abundant birds at Grand Rapids of the Saskatche- wan; it breeds therein great nunibers.(A^««/>/^.)Thisspecics reaches the Saskatchewan about the middle of May, and spreads through- out the Noiihwest Territories up to Lat. 66° to breed. {Richard- son.) North to Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River; rare. {Ross.) First seen May 7th, 1888, near Calgary; common from there to Edmonton and Athabasca Landing and up to Little Slave River, down the Athabasca to Clearwater River, and up that river to Methyc P^ rt .ye and thence to Isle a la Crosse; it is the chief bird of the whole region. (/. M. Macoun.) First seen at Edmonton, Alta., May 6th, 1897. Shortly after they became common and remained to breed. Abundant from Lesser Slave Lake to Peace River Landing, Atha., Lat. 56' 15', in June, 1903; observed from Edmonton to the Pembina River in June, 1898. Spreadborough . ) Breeding Notes.— Nest on ground among bushes, composed of grass, weed stems and moss, lined with rootlets and fine grass. Eggs 4, dull white, spots and splashes of brown and lavender. {G.R.White.) I have observed that this bird is sp^ringly dis- tributed throughout eastern Ontario through the summer. In June, 1888, I found two nests on the rocky ground, two miles west of the village of Renfrew, Ont,, one in a snail thick bush, the other among grass, etc., on the ground. During ten years I ob- served one pair close to Lansdowne, Ont., that by their manner had young, though I did not succeed in finding the nest. I saw one bird on the Magdalen Islands and have seen two nests taken in 1899 near Mingan, Que., wherr it commonly breeds. {Rev. C.J. Young) I found a nest of this bird May24th,l886, in the park,built in the roots of an up-turned tree stump, containing four eggs, and another nest May 30th, 1891, at Hochelaga woods containing three eggs, built on the ground in a tussock of grass. {Wintle) I took a nest near Sand Lake on May 25th, 1897. It was placed under some dead ferns on the flat, grassy bank of a stream, and was lined with moose hair ; there were four eggs in the set. I took a nest some years ago at Rosseau, built about three feet up in a raspberry bush. (/. H. Fleming) On June 8th, 1893, I fouad a nest and eggs at Long Lake, Manitoba ; June 19th, 1901, I found two nests at Carleton Junction, 40 miles west of Ottawa. One nest was on the ground, the other in a brush heap some distance CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 487 above the ground. {IV. Raine.) The nestinjj season of this species IS from May to August ; eggs from three to five in a set placed in a snugly built nest of grasses.lined with finergrassesand hair.placed in brush or on the ground and well concealed ; the birds show much an.x.ety when one approaches the nest. The young when fledged do not show white on the head or throat. (/'('. h. Moon) N. ir Ottawa and at Lake Nominingue, 100 miles north of it The nest IS found in woods, under branches, in a bed of g,, en moss or sometimes in a bush. It is built of coarse grasses, rotten wood, dried leaves and usually grc n moss. The lining is fine grass or hairs. Th, set is of three or four eggs laid in June or July. {Garnmu.) In June, 1903, two nests of this species were found by the writer in a swampy thicket near Ottawa; one was in a clump of dead Carex stems ( Carex riparia) and the other in a very old brush-heap. {Macotm.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Ten ; one purchased with the H )lman collection in 1885 " one taken at Ottawa in May, 1886, by Mr.K.F.G.White; three taken at O awa by Mr. F. A. Saunders in September, 1890; three takenat Ottawa m May, 1888, by Prof. Macoun ; two by Mr W Spread- boi )ugh at Edmonton, Alta., in May, 1897 One set of four eggs taken at WolfviUe. N.S., June 12th, 1894, by Mr. Tufts. CCIII. SPIZELLA Bonaparte. 1832. 55 tt. Tree Sparrow. Spizella monticola (Gmel.) Baird. 1858. Common throughout Labrador. Breeds plentif. !ly at Fort <^himo, where eggs and nests were taken. {Pauard.) None seen on James Bay until a ^ttle north of Fort George when they became common. Wry abundant across Ungava from Rich- mond Gulf to Fort Chimoin the summer of 1896. {Spreadbomnr/L) Rather uncommon in northeastern Labrador, but widely distri- buted I observed a good many at Port Manvers, Lat, 57° {Jiigi/ozv.) A -ommon winter visitor in Nova Scotia. (Dozvns) l^airly comuion in winter at Wolfville, King's Co., N.S (H. Tufts ) A regular winter visitor in New Brunswick. {aw,>tierlain.) A winter visitor at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B.; tolerably common >n some localities. {IV. N. Moore.) Two seen at Parrsboro, N.S , 488 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 4, L iS. I. 11 j |!" i.l' ! If ■ in company with three slate-colored juncos on Jan. 25th, 1899. (Morrein Quite common at Lake Mistassini, northern Quebec, breeding in ^885. (/ M. Macoun) Taken at Beaup<.rt; a wmter visitor in eastern Quebec. {Dionne^, A transient but common visitant at Montreal; observed here in spring from Apr. 7th to 28th, and in the autumn from October 25th to November 7th. (IVint/e.) A common migrant in spring and fall at Ottawa. (Otiawa mturalist. Vol. V.) A northern breeder, common m Ontario in the earlv spring, where it is one of the first birds to come. {Rev C. J. Young.) A regular winter resident in the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts ; common at Sand Lake in October 1900. ( / H Fleminir.) A common migrant at London, Ont.; a tew are found'most winters in sheltered places. {VV. E. Saunders.) Win- ter visitor at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. Klugh.) A rare and transient visitor at Penetanguishene, Ont. {A. /'. Young) No tree sparrows were observed in summer during either season, (I87V74) and I think none breed as far south as this. Ihey appear in numbers with the general migration which brings he northern fringiUines, and which reaches this latitude about the 1st of October. {Coues.) Abundant migrant in Manitoba, fre- quenting thickets. It commonly frequents thick copses rather than trees, and its general habits would entitle it to be called scrub sparrow rather than tree sparrow. {Thompson- Scion) I'lrst seen at York Factory Hudson Bay, where the species was rather common, and a young bird not long from the nest was taken July I2th, 1900. It was abundant at Fort Churchill July 24th to 30th, and we took a series at that point. Many were noted on the " barren grounds," 50 miles south of Cape Kskimo, Aug^^t 4th to 8th. On our return trip several were seen at Duck Po'-Jt- Pl^y- greenLake. (/'n'^/^^.) Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. {Clarke) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Four; three taken in Ottawa in April and November, 1890, by Mr F. A. Saunders; one taken at London, Ont., 27th October, 1885, by Mr. W. E. Saunders. Four sets of eggs; two of four and one of five eggs taken at Whale River, Hudfon Bay, in June, 1898, by Mr. J. E. Edmunds; one set of four taken at Fort Chimo, Ungava, in June, 1896, by Mr. G. Bouchier, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 489 569u. Western Tree Sparrow. Spizella monticola ochracea Brewst. 1882. Very common in the spring at Indian Head, Assa.; first seen at Medicine Hat, Assa., April loth, 1894, and all were gone by the i8th ; rare at Edmonton, Alta., in April, 1897; the bulk of the migration had passed before I reached there ; a few observed at Lesser Slave Lake, and one individual at Peace River Landing in Lat. 56° 15' in June, 1903; rathercommon at Penticton, B.C., early in April, 1903; (luitc common at Revelstoke, B.C., in April, 1891, feeding on the ground up to April 17th, when they disappeared; from the crossing of the McLeod River, October 6th, 1898, to Edmonton, Alta., the species was common, evidently p'assing south. {Sprcadborough) Common at Athabasca Landing, go miles from Edmonton, May 24th, 1888. (/.J/. Macoiin.) This little bird arrives in small flocks on the Saskatchewan in the third week in April, and after a short halt proceeds further north to breed. {Richardson.) North to Lapierre's House on the Mackenzie River; abundant. {Ross.) This is perhaps the most abundant sparrow found breeding in the valley of Anderson River, as is evidenced by the number of nests, two' hundred and sixteen, secured. Most of them were found on the ground and others on dwarf willows at a height of one to four feet. Four and five eggs and sometimes as many as six and seven appeared to be the complement. {Mac/arlatte .) Regular summer visitor. {Lord.) Migrant ; not common at Chilliwack ; a few stay all winter at Lake Okanagan, B.C.; a few bred at Barkerville, Cariboo district, B.C., 1901. {Brooks.) Taken on Vanco*iver Island by A. H. Maynard. {Fannin.) At Haine's Mission, Lynn Canal, I took a female June 2nd, 1899. At Cariboo Crossing, Lat. 60°, B.C., we took two pairs June 29th, one of them with a nest containing three fresh eggs. The nest was buried in moss at the foot of a clump of willows in a willow swamp near the lake; it was composed of fine dry grasses, lined with feathers covered externally with a thick coating of living moss. It was occasionally seen the whole length of the Yukon River to St. Michael. {Bishop) The western tree sparrow was numerous at Cape Blossom, Kotzebue Sound, Alaska. The patches of stunted willow and alder back among the hills seemed to be particularly favoured by this species, and in such localities fuU- ill: I ^ i ^■ 490 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. fledged young and moulting adults were found in the latter part of July. {Gntinell.) This species is very common, especially along the coast of Behring Sea, and of all the birds that frequent bushes this is the most common to the north. (Nelson.) ^ This species arrives at St. Michael and remains about two and one- half months. It breeds in the alder thickets that skirt the small lakes and low grounds. It is quite common. (Turner.) One speci- men taken at Homer, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, September 8th, 1 90 1. (Chapman}) Breeding Notes.— In the Kowak delta on the 14th and 15th of June I took a set of five and one of six slightly incubated eggs, respectively. The two nests were similarly placed in the tops of clumps of grass at the edge of a marsh about six inches above the water. The nest proper consists of closely-matted broad dry grass blades and stems, while the lining is entirely of white ptarmigan feathers, though not one shows above the rim. The deeply cup-shaped cavity is thus pure white, though when the bird was sitting she entirely concealed it. The internal diameter of the nest is 2'00, depth, rgo ; external diameter, 4'8o, depth, 260. The ground colour of the egg is very pale blue. The set of six is quite uniformly and thickly spotted with liver- brown and vinaceous tints. One egg of the set of five is like them, but the others are wreathed at the large ends with confluent markings of the same colours, while the rest of the surface is very finely dotted and blurred with a pale brown tint; so as to nearly obscure the ground colour. The eleven eggs average 74 x -57. (Joseph Gri?ifiell.) I have several sets of eggs from the Mackenzie delta ; a nest and five eggs was found by Rev. C.E. Whittaker on June 18th, 1900 at Peel River; another nest with five eggs was found at the foothills of the Black Mountains by Mr. Stringer on June 13th, 1899; another clutch of four eggs was found, west side of Mackenzie delta by Mr. Stringer on June 8th, 1899 I the nests are made of dried grass warmly lined with feathers and were built on mossy knolls on the ground. (W. Raine.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Fifteen ; five taken at Indian Head, Assa., in April, 1892, and September, 1891 ; four at Medicine Hat, Assa., in April, 1894 ; four at Revelstoke, B.C., in April, 1890, and two at Penticton, B.C., April 9th, 1903 ; all by Mr. Spreadborough. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 491 660. Chipping Sparrow. Spizella socialis (Wils.) Bonap. 1838. A common summer migrant in Newfoundland. (Reeks \ Com mon summer resident in Nova Scotia. \Dorvns) Common at SvT ney, Cape Breton Island. (C. R Harte\ V.r„ T r May to September at Wolfvil le, Kbgfco " N llnnT^r''"' nion at Baddec. and Margaree', Ca^pe B^^^I^ndf^^S "jT; fnl\lT iMr\%'''''^''y P°'""*' Prince Edward s a d,' J ne 1888. {Macoun) Not a common species and only occasion ally observed on Prmce Edward Island. iD^uight.) rcommon Quebec, where it was common (Br,^-inf.y\ r ■ .^^ ^aspe, Quebec, in summer inZn^^ i^n. aster.) Common ,n eastern Montreal nZ t ■ , .'""^ -^" abundant summer resident at Montreal B.ceds in the city and in Mount Royal park I have found their nests with eggs from May 21st to Jufy .^n 1 \nd have in Ontario. (Rev C / VoJ^\ '-^^-^ Very common everywhere P c , ^ ■^" ^^""£^-) A common summer residenf m T A A 1 f. -^ ^ P-'"' '''■^^ "^^''^'- tlie buildings at Cache Lake, Algonqum Park, Ont., June, 1900. (Spreadtoro.X) A breed ng summer resident at Penetanguishene, Ont. {A.F.Youi^) Much ago but st.l fairly common over the whole country (Wp further north. iPrebles.) ^'''''^' •'"'>'' S^h, ^900 ; none seen in^he'RoT 'm'" '"■'' -mmonand familiar species were taken the Rocky Mountains, and it was observed at other points S i* <, lilt i: ^Q2 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. where none were secured. (Coues.) This species is quite rare in Manitoba. The earliest record I have is April lOth, 1882, but th.s was he only one seen at the time, and it was fully two weeks be- fore others appeared. I found one nest in a little spruce tree, but was too late as' the birds had flown. The nest is almost uwanab ly -lined with horse hair, whence the other common nanie ha r biTd" (nompson-Seton.) Very abundant both at Grand Rap ds and ChemawaCin. North Saskatchewan River, ^t the latter pi c they were feeding largely on the seeds of aquatic P -"^s on the margin of the slough east of the village. (Nmitng.) Not com n on It Lian Head, Assa., in the spring of 1892 ; first seen at Medicine Hat, Assa., May 9th. 1894. after that they becan^e com. mon but decreased in numbers towards the end of the month , "1895 none were seen until we reached Milk R-er ate m July; hev were in profusion at Pend d'Orielle, at Castellated Rocks, St Mary's River and Waterton Lake, foothills of Rocky Moun- tains • a very common resident at Edmonton and southward m foothills to Crow's Nest Pass; saw one individual at the crossing of McLeod River, June 19th, 1898; common at J^spe-- L^^^^, Yel- Towhead Pass, July 2nd ; common from Lesser Slave Lake to Peace River Landing, Atha., Lat. 56° 15', - June, 1903. (sZa7Lugh.) Abundant along the trail between Edmonton ifd Athabasca Lnding,but ratherrareonthe Athabasca; common UP the Clearwater River and between Methye Portage and Isle a la Sosse (/. M. Macoun.) Not uncommon but much less abund- a.t than the tree sparrow around Prince Albert, Sask.; breeding ^ the region. {Meaux.) North to Fort Simpson on the Mac- lenzfe sfver ; abundant. [Ross.) Several specimens of this spar- row were obtained from Fort Yukon in June, 1876. (Turner.) would refer all British Columbia specimens collected by myself Tnd Mr Streator, including those from the coast to W^ with the exception possibly of six skins collected at Ashcroft. (Rhoads.) Common at Donald on the Columbia River, B.C.,May 20th, 1894. (E. F. G. White) Breeding NoTES.-Nesting in low trees -d shrub^; quite common around Ottawa. Nest composed of fine ^'"fd grass r T vTith h-iir Fees, four or five. Bluish, speckled with Imed with hair. ^gS^ ^rRWhitc^ With us from last of hlackish-brown and purple. {Lr. K.WIilit.) vvuiu AorUto October. The nests are built in apple trees or small fp'ruces? and made of grasses lined with hair. The eggs number CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. from three to five One summer some nests were found to have their eggs broken .n them. It was some time before I could find out the cause. At last one morning, when sitting in view of a nest on an app e tree, a fine male of this species was slen to el.berately p.ck a h.lo in the shell of an egg and drink its co - tents. I then surmised that it was this bird that was doin^ all on the misch.ef. [W. H. Moore.) This species nests in bu hL o on the m.ddle branches of large trees at Ottawa. The lest i composed of rootlets and lined with hairs. {Garneau.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seven; two taken at Ottawa in September, 1891, by Mr F A •Saunders; one at Ottawa in May, 1888. by Prof. Macoun; one at London, Ont., by Mr. VV. E. Saunders, May 4th, 188? • three taten at Med.cme Hat, Assa., in May, 1894, by Mr. Spreadbo/ough^^^ Two sets of four eggs each, taken at Ottawa on Mav cii.f ^nH 24th, 1899, by Mr. A. L. Garneau. ^ ^ ^ ^""^ 660a. Western Chipping Sparrow. Spuella socialis arhoncB CouES. 1872. Regular summer visitor in British Columbia. {Lord) Fo.nd only in the .nter.or, where it breeds abundantly, \streator) An abundant summer resident east and west of "^he Co" Ra ,^e breeds m the neighborhood of Victoria. ^Fanmn.) Common Ashcroft B.C., are considered intermediate between this and the Banff " "Z i""'""^"^ ^"^^ ^P^^'^^ ^---J '- be common a Banff and breedmg m the summer of 1891 ; not uncommon a Shtb P"' '" l^^'' ^^'^ '" ^^>'' ^«90; further dZ the Columbia River at Deer Park and Robson it was quite common and seemed to increase to the south; quite common'at KamToops Chllfw'aTBC ; Th '" ^««9••/b--^d -eral individuals ^ ^h.l iwack, B C, in the spring of 1901; a few seen at Penticton in Apnl, 1903; .rstseen at Victoria, Vancouver Island, ApilJeth 93. quite common by May 9th ; an abundant summer^resident at Victoria, Nana.mo and Comox. {Spreadboro^igh.) Brfsding NoTES.-Common summer resident near the Inf^r jationa Boundary at Trail, B.C.; found a nest anTthree eggs" June 5th, 1902, m a small bush about 18 inches from the ground' , 1 if,'.' .g. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. „.ade Of dried grass and lined .ith hair. (^>:^'^^^-"f ^^^^^^^ found this species daily from Log Cabin on the White Pass to Dawson on the Yukon, Lat. 64° 15', between June 15th and August ist 18QQ We found a nest with four eggs at Lake Bennett June ilth Large young in a nest on Tagish Lake, June 30th Young ab e to fly were met with at Marsh Lake, July 5th, and a set of th ee eggs on Thirty-mile River, July i8th. The nests were in m:il s'pLes, one, 'our inches, the other tl.^^.e feet romth ground Gambel's sparrow, slate-coloured junco and this spec es are, in point of numbers, the commonest sparrows on the Yukon River. {Bishop.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seventeen ; one taken at Canmore, Alta., May ^f' ^^9^^/;";^^ Rpvelstoke B C , May 7th, 1890; one at Deer Park, Columbia R^vtBcij'une' 6th! i^; six at Trail near the International Boundary, B.C., in May, 1902; one at Spence s Bridge B.C., May 9th 1889; one at Agassiz, B.C., May 9th, 1889, one at Plast- ^grBur;ardl'nlet,B.C., April ^Srcl, 1889; four at V,cU,na, Van- couver Island, in May, 1893, and one at Penticton, B.C., April, 1903, all by Mr. Spreadborough. 561. Clay-Coloured Sparrow. Spizclla pallida (Swains.) Bonap. 1838. On May 9th, 1894. while hunting in a f^eld of --!» ^^laibs about I. miles vest of London, Ont., I saw a small sparrow sitting on h'e top twig of a shrub, after the manner of the ^^kl sparrow and saw him give a note whose author I was looking foi. It proxcd o be a Spizella pallida, the first recorded, I believe, in mr prox- nce though they may yet be found inhabiting the northwes ern extr^itvnext'to Manitoba. {W.E.Saunders) The western nLdow h;rk. Brewer's blackbird and the present spec.es were tl e chief birds I observed at Pembina to indicate an avi-fauna in any wie different from that of the eastern province at arge and two r these cannot be considered very strong marks since they both o cui some distance further eastward. {Coues)^ Very abundant rummer resident in Manitoba on -rubby prairies and ha open lowland.. This small sparrow arrives in flocks bout he 2t. mI; Its small size and pale-ashy hue will ^^^^ -''y ^"^^^'^'l' at rambles over the scrubby part of the prairie, {rhompson- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 495 Se^on.) This species was first seen at Indian Head, Assa on and'on lun^th Tf" ' 'r '''' ""'''' they were quite con^nlon and on June 7th I found a nest in a low bush lined with dried grass and horse iuir. This species is found everywhere on the t'he rLIT"/'"' "t '^'"^'^ '^°" ^^"'^^^^ '^ ^he foothills of he Rocky Mountams. It nests chiefly in ro. e bushes, but I have found them on the ground at Frenchman's River, under sage brush iArtent:aa cana). Nests were found at Spur treek in the sage brush as late as July 7th with fresh eggs. Common at Mountams m June 1891 First seen at Edmonton. Alta., May 31 t, found a number of nests, all on the ground at the roots of a little clump of willows; none of the nests were more than four inches above the ground, and were made of dried grass lined wit horse hair ; eggs from two to five in a set; common in the foothills 40 miles southwest of Calgary; common in all the open country from Lesser Slave Lake to Peace Rive. Landing, Lat. 56 15 in June, 1903, common from Edmonton to Pembina River* .n June 1898. {Spreadborcugh.) Three specimens secured at Grand Rap.ds of the Saskatchewan. {Nutting.) Commonly seen m company with the tree .parrow and probably breeding around Prince Albert Sask. iCoutenu..) This specie, frequentecl he V 'I'^l^''"" """^^ °" ^^^ Saskatchewan. Ld was as scKiable as the Enghsh house sparrow. {Rtchardson.) North of l^ort Resolution on Greai Slave Lake. {Ross ) Breeding NoTHS.-Upon my arrival, the 1st of June,thebuntings finish ^^'T: "''•'' "'■■' •" ^"" ^°"^' "idification was mostty finished and the eggs were about to be laid. The first specimen r.'."r.7H •^""' ^"^^'.^^"tained a fully formed egg. A nest taken June 5th was scarcely completed. The first complement of eggs was taken June nth; it numbered four. I think the eggs are mostly laid oy the end of the second week in June. The nest is placed m bushes, generally within a few inches of the ground • .t resembles that of the chipbird, though it is not so neatly and' a.t.st.cally finished, and often lacks the horse-hair lining, which is so constant and conspicuous a feature of the latter ; in size it averages about three inches across outside by two in depth, with .•-avity two inches wide and one and half inches deep ; the -tructure is of fine grasses and slender weed-stalks.with or without Ik ' 496 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. some fine rootlets, sometimes lined w.th ha.r, l'^^^. ^^e ch'PPy s sometimes with very fine grass tops ; it is placed . n a crotch o rbush or in a tuft of weeds ; the copses of scrubby wdlows I n'r o be favorite nesting places, though .ny of the shrubbery along the river bank seemed to answer ; on those occasions wh.n Tapproached a nest containing eggs, the female fluttered sdently and^urtively away, without venturing a protest; the eggs I found tn one case lo be deposited daily till the complement was filled rh:;measure 06. I length by o 50 in breadth on an avera^ the ground-colour is light dull green, sparsely but distinct > Ineckled with some rich and other darker shades of brown, these markings being chiefly confined to the larger end, or wreathed Tor t though there arc often a few specks here and there over the "e 'of th! surface; from the earliness of the first sets of eggs 1 suppose that two broods may be reared each season. {Coucs.) Th^s^pot cUsen fc their home is mostly in a low bus no more than a foot from the ground ; as exception ^o^^.s rule 1 have oted five nests on the ground and «- ^^^ ,^[^ ';"f Jf° f^ Tp. feet- it is a very slight structure, a good deal like that of a chip oinl' sparrow, but composed entirely of grass ; when compared ^t^ otC tr^e nests itl conspicuously flimsy ^^^t^^Zlt th. latter effect being due to the absence of the black horous tt^rcUfnTonly usSd as lining; th. eggs are among |- beautiful of any produced by the sparrows; when first the discoverer dr'^fa ide the bush and exposes the nest with its complement, his feel ngs are as of finding an exquisite casket of jewels ; although thi is one of the most common of our sparrows, and although on \rubbv plain between the Duck Mountain and the Assiniboine in eirlv Imie^ I could have found as many as four o. five wests in Ln hour' walk, the treasure-trove feeling in connection with the an hours waiK, i ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ eggs continues in full force. 1 min i ui observations that the shattuck bunting breeds twice, if not three observations mai ^^ „ ^,3^^^^^^ end t mes each season with us, it leaves u.^ uig i" of September. {rhompson-Seton.) Builds in rose bushes, snow- berr^d wolf-willows generally from one to two feet rom the ground • in size it is about three inches in diameter but the cavity fs less than two inches across. The nest is built of the stems o fineTgasses and quite an open structure lined inside with coarse dark horsehair, oVr nests were lined with white hair; in June^ 180 two nests were taken at Sewell, Manitoba, each contained CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 497 'r iL'iT'^ ""'"' '•" ""'''' °' ""-^ '■'-'■ ^""'" ^'-* MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Nineteen; one taken at Carberry, Manitoba, July 4th, 1892, by E. Thompson-Seton; three taken at Indian Head, Assa.. in Sep tember,i89i. two at Old Wives' Creek, Assa., in May, 1895, two at Med.c.ne Hat, Assa, in May, 1894. three at Edmonton Alt.' May 1897, two at Peace River Landing, Atha., June, 1903, an^l SIX at Canmore, Alta., in May, 1891. y^i. ^nci aI^'m^^IJ^^V,'"'" '"'' "^^°"'' '^'^^ ''^'^ ^t Edmonton, Alta., May 3 st and June ist, 1897. one of four taken at Medicine Mat,, Assa., June 1st, 1894, one of three taken at Trail B C Tune 6th, 1002 ;11 by Mr. Spreadborough; one set of four talc'el a Grenfeli, Manitoba by Mr. Richard Lake in June, 1894. 562. Brewer's Sparrow. ■Sfit2c//a drewen Cass. 1856. Eastern slope of Coast Range and Rocky Mountain district- re"oin' h""k'"^'T^'^-^- ^^"'''^"'•> One specimen tlken kenar'Tf^R "^^'r'^''^-^- ^^'"^^^^-^ ^wo males (Brooks) ^ ' ^'"'"^ °"^''"*' ^•^•' J"l>'3rd, 1901. 563. Field Sparrow. Spizella pusilla (Wils.) Bonap. 1838. An uncommon summer resident in Nova Scotia. {Dow7is\ Several spec.m.n. .een October 4th, 1902, on Sable Island, N S {James Boutnlh.-, A few specimens seen June 8th, 1902, at Sydney, Cape Breton Island. (C. R. Harte.) A pair in breeding pumage was taken on Entry Island, Magdalen'islands.Gulo' eL^'''n"'K -^"'f.'*^' '''^- ^^"'^^^-^ Of ^°"btful occu;rence in eastern Quebec. (Dzonne.) A scarce summer resident at Montreal acrrthl'"'"''''-' 'P'''"^'" '^ ^''' ^"^ ^ ^'^'''^-^ ^ h--- <^ome across them on various occasions. [Wititle.) In each of the years 1888, i8C9and ,890 at least one individual me 7nT' M ^^'^"/'^-^-^d several times through the sum- n^^r iOUawa Natur^Utst, Vol. V.) Not common in eastern I * r I 498 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY i,- CANADA. Ontario. (Rev. C. / F...^-) Mr. Kay took one si^cimen at Port Svdnov, Muskoka district in the summer o 890. {J. ^. ^W 1 have found this bird fairly plent.ful .n su.tab e nire around Toronto; and have met with ,t as early as Aprd ' th Took two on April 22nd, 1899. They usually haun waste ^rLd in which occasional clusters of bushes are found. I know Se spot of waste ground interspersed -thsmal patches o witch hazel and scrub oak. which .s never w.thout a ^ev r^p sentativesof this pretty little sparrow. Breeds here. Cat. easily be identified at a considerable distance by its cinnamon-tipped b n J W/--S^--^) Lo--^'^^ distributed, but generally common near London, Ont. Easily found by its song, but no onspicuou otherwise. It nests both on the ground and in small hub one to four feet from the ground. I" -y^nps to the Bnce Peninsula have seen but few of these birds While at Ka abal 40 miles north of Ottawa, it has been fairly common ^t every "sit. Arrives at London about April 20th and departs about October 2nd. {IV. E. Saunders.) Very rare summer resident. Red River settlement; breeding. ID Cum) Winnipeg; summer resident; tolerably comnion. S.. Have seen'it west of Winnipeg. {R. H. Hunter.) Qu - ^ilneUe- ommon summer resident; breeds; arrives abou April ^Z%urnsey.) All the above references are taken from Thomp- on Seto • •' Birds of Manitoba " and it may be noted that none r hsov„ observations. My opinion from many years obser- vation and correlation of other statements is that nearly all, f no .11 he above refere, ces are erroneous, and that they apply to the c I'co oured sparrow {Spisdla pallida) which we know is abund- uit at k^st in western Manitoba. The latter, though abundant, ;" s not e orded by Guernsey. R. H. Hunter, nor Mr. H.ne so Tat in these three cases I am quite sure that the identifica ion ,s wrong I doubt very much the occurrence ot this bird at Win- nipeg. {Macoun.) • Breeding Notes.-I have found the nest several times by the ,-oacSn!. small bush. It appears to be a late breeder as the nests I ound had fresh eggs in them in July. If closely observed this bird is unmistakable, being easily recognized by its waxen- coloured bill. {Rev. C.J. You7,g) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. MUSEUM SPECIMENS. 499 Two; one taken at Port Stanley, Ont., August 12th, 1890 and one taken at London, Ont., April i8th, 1892, both by Mr. W E Saunders. ^ One set of four eggs taken at Toronto by Mr. W. Raine, May loth, 1894; another set of four taken near Toronto by Mr G Dippie, May 20th, 1893. CCIV. JUNCO Wagler. 1831. 667. Slate-coloured Junco. Ju»co /lya/M/is (LiJiN.) ScL. 1857. Not observed in the Ungava district of Labrador; but common in the eastern and southern portions. Breeds at Davis Inlet and Rigolet. {Packard.) Observed one individual on Moose River June 7th, 1896; one on James Bay, June i8th; found a pair breeding P- u ,^''°'F' "'"'y '''''■" ^^^''^^ '" '^■•ossing Ungava from Richmond Gulf to Fort Chimo. {Spreadborough.) Locally com- mon as far as the tree line in northeastern Labrador, particularlv at AiUik. {Bigeloiv.) Two specimens taken at Northwest River Labrador. July 28th, 1891. {Norton) A summer migrant and tolerably common in Newfoundland. {Ree/cs.) A few individuals seen along the Humber River, Newfoundland, 1899. {l-oms H. Porter.) A few specimens were seen on Sable Island, N S in April and one in June, but on October 4th and 23rd, 1902. they were quite numerous. {James Bouteillicr) Very common throughout Nova Scotia: breeds everywhere {Doions) Seen several times during the winter at Parrsboro Cumberland Co., N.S.; migrants arrived at Shulec on March iHth, and in a few days were abundant. {Morrell.) Ouite common on Cape Jreton Island, N.S., July and August, i898~ nests taken on Smoky Mountain, August 1st, and at Margaree, Julv i6th • common along Rustico Bay, Prince Edward Island, June 29th' 1888. (Macoun.) Very abundant at Sydney, Cape Breton Island. {C. R. Hartc.) Very common from March to November at Wolfville, Kings Co., N.S. {H. Tufts) Next to the Savanna sparrow this is probably the most abundant bird on Prince Edward Island. It is found everywhere-in door yards, in open fields, fern-clothed clearings, even deep woods. Its nest is on 500 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. m the Rround, preferably under something— the bottom rail of a fence or a hole in some grassy bank. Yoiiu;, were just beginning to f!y June 23rtl and a wc^k later nests with fresh eggs mdicatc a second laying. (Dzvig/a.) Very common summer resident m New Brunswick. {Chambertain.) An abunm .% # w 7 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN SVREET WEB5TER,N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 s 502 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. r i. Ill it seen by us beyond Lat. 57°. {Ricliardson) North to Fort Good Hope on the Mackenzie River. {Ross) This species breeds in the forest and to the border of the " barrens " where several birds, nests and eggs, were secured; the nests were always on the ground and made with fine hay lined with deer hair. ( Macfarlane .) This is one of the rarest sparrows visiting Behring Sea ; it is, however, much more numerous in the interior and is found along the entire course of the Yukon at the mouth of which it breeds ; it extends its summer range along the Norton Sound shore of Behring Sea and the coast of the Arctic about Kotzebue Sound, yet there is no record of it having been taken on the coa>t of southeastern Alaska, nor does it occur on any of the islands of Behring Sea. {NelsoTi.) This species is rarely common at St. Michael; it is seen only in May and November. {^Turner.) This is a straggler at Point Barrow, only one specimen being taken on May 24th, 1883, which was a male. {Murdoch.) At the time of our arrival at our winter camp on the Kowak, and up to the 9th September, juncos were seen nearly every day, though not more than five at a time ; they were always met with in the deep spruce woods; the last were seen on the 12th September; in the following spring they were noted on the 23rd May ; they were never numerous, two pairs being the most that were seen in half a day's hunt ; this species was not noted further down the Kowak than near the mouth of the Squirrel River, where a pair was seen on June 8th. {Grin7iell.) Common at Hope on Cook's Inlet, Alaska, in August, 1900. {Osgood.) Five specimens were taken on the Kenai mountains and at Homer, Alaska, in August and September, 1901 ; the breeding ground of this junco was in extensive alder patches just above timber line ; they were quite common and were found in all such localities visited. {Chapman.) From Log Cabin on the White Pass, to Circle City in Alaska, this bird occurs everywhere. The slate-coloured sparrow, Gam- bel's sparrow and the western chipping sparrow were most common about heaps of brush left by lumbermen, weed-grown clearings resulting from forest fires and cabins of the towns. Every nest was sunk in the ground to the rim in an open place under a weed or tussock of grass. One contained a few dark hairs besides the usual fine grass lining. {Bishop.) Breeding Notes.— The nesting season of this species in New Brunswick is May and June. From three to five eggs are laid in CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. " .q^ lined with hai . One „e!, wL f„ , " "?'"^""' °^ «'^' "<=™= from a piece of cariboo I r'/^'^'SlTo"'' °' "Z'"^^^" Clielsea Mountain, nine miles from oVft L""' '"""'' °" and anotl,er taken on Mont eal M^un^ain o'n' In" "', '"'• '^'' in holes in the Kround- each „,, , ■'"""= ^"'' 'W.wen each contained f™r els and r' """'^ "' «'■'"' '""^ >"'" ^"'> inches. (&„„„) Nof 1 ""^"'"'■ed 4 x 2 and 250 x 150 Nest in a lowTush or on thV:""""," ^"""'"'"Went at OttaJa. rootlets and hai:s lined „h LTs"a tl'h?""' °' ^'"^^ "' "'"'• wi-i^e, spotted and blotched ^^rredl^th'^yj^^-^'^e^-^^; MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Sixteen; three taken at Ottawa Aoril rsss u o c .. two at Toronto in 1890 by mTs H ' ^ ^'■"^- ^acoun; AprH and Septe.ber.'^is'', b^ Mr F^'I'' T ^ ^"^-' '" London, Ont., April 12th. i 86, by Mr W F S r* T' ""' Indian Head, A^sa Aoril iSn, . !u Saunders; four at April. 189;, by Mr.'sp^rd'bl'ugh"' ''''' " ^^'"^°"^-' ^'^-• One set of three eggs taken at Ottawa, May. 1894. 567a Oregon Junco. f"ncoore^oms (Towns.) RiDGw. 1901 Ab;„df„r:^^e:rat^'^Himrk b c "?«' i-t- <^'-^-> riant in the Fraser vall^; bX ' Va^e in' fcf Lo"^"' ^'"^ during the whole summer 3frh-ii- , '" ^^^^X' 1889; common on the Internati™", BoundaS^ aTV" , " """""S'"". BC., at Victoria, Vancouver w7l "'"'"'''"" summer resident Doubtless common :;: the whole ,7"7 '" ""P"' ''"■ '««• Comox and Nanaimo. (»:':,!;:' '] " «^ =«" « Sooke, bird in Alaska was first m«i; T V V' occurrence of this specimens at Sitka by B schoff • itT," rf '"%"?'"- <>« eight at Sitka. (JVeho,, ) A si„„l ' ^fe'vards taken by Bean ar Unalaska I Id Apri 8rt ,T™ 'T" °'- '"" ""' "'= *'»''-'' {nr„er.) Numeroul in „!! K I'' ^"' " "=' '^ot by a native, junco was one o ,h j ^^^ ■" '" " *'"'=• '^'^^'<'- This Not commo°n":n°Qnt:; cTaZTe' ^^V'"'- '''"-"' ' -- near the coast and but few'^er'^'nt^ed IX^mlmif s" 504 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Osgood.) Tolerably common at Skagway and more so at Haines Mission. At Skagway I took a female and four fresh eggs, May 31st. The nest of dried grass, lined with short, white hairs, was sunk in the ground and concealed by dead weeds under a birch only about 30 feet above the water of Lynn Canal. (Bishop.) Mr. Rhoads, after discussing the differences between this form and the next, says :— " I think it safe to say that birds indistin- guishable from oregonus breed on the better watered mountains' of the interior of British Columbia. The only approach to shufeldti is found in birds from the most arid lowlands and most eastern Rockies, but their differences are too slight and fortuitous to warrant a distinction." MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Eight; two taken at Burrard Inlet, B.C., in April, 1889; four at Huntington. B.C., in September, 1901; two at Victoria, Vancouver Island, in May, 1893; all by Mr. Spreadborough. One set of five eggs taken near Victoria, V.I., May, 1890, by Rev. G. Taylor. 5675. Shufeldt's Junco. Junco oreganus shufeldti (CokVB.) Ridgw. 1901. In company with twohyemalis at Edmonton, Alta.,in May, 1897, and in the Rocky Mountains south of Yellowhead Pass, in July, 1898 ; apparently accidental in the Rocky Mountains, one taken at Canmore near Banff in May, 1891; very common and breeding in the Columbia River valley from Revelstoke to the Interna- tional Boundary where a large series of birds was taken in 1890 and 1902. Common from the Columbia to Vancouver Island. West of the Coast Range it becomes mixed with the Oregon junco and evidently breeds ; very abundant at Penticton, south of Okanagan, B.C., in April, '1903. (Spreadborough.) The junco breeding in the plateau region between the Coast Range and the Rockies and migrating south in winter, is evidently separable from the coast form. Specimens referred here were collected ;;t Ashcroft in June and July, 1889; taken also by Mr. Macfarlane at Stewart's Lake with its nests and five eggs. (Streator) Abundant at Lake Okanagan, B.C., in winter. (Brooks.) A female was taken at Glacier in the White Pass, June 7th 1899 and another at White I '■ ^ CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. cqc Pass City, June 9th; Others were taken and heard nextd-iv h.fh at Glacier and White Pass City. {Bishop) ^ ""^ Breeding NOTHS^-On May 31st, 1902, found two nests near ^a advanc;d"N"^ " '^"^ the other with two; incubation was ha r r1 . ' constructed of weeds and grass, lined with ha.r Bo h nests were in a bank overhung with grass • another was found on May 25th in the bank of an old profpe Lie with four fresh eggs. {Spreadborough.) P^ci noie w.th MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Twenty-nine ; two taken at Edmonton, Alta., in May 1807- one yv^, iwu at i^eer rark, iJ.C, June, 1890; five at Trail R C T„n« ton B.C., in Apr,:, 1903; one at Agassiz, B.C., May2lst i88q- one B "c/'^r"" 'r'^'' ^p"' ■'*• ■«««^'^- « chnurd ^•'^..june, i90i;oneat Huntington, B.C., September 2^th rnnr 567 1. Montana Junco. /««' occasions I have found a .est of ih! 'T '^'^^'^"' <>'cl tomato tin. (y. /..^/.LSj E e^X^: ab''S'" ^" southwestern Ontario. Occasionally one eLil fh l ^" winter. ( ^. ^-. ^^/m^rc ^ Th;= ic u 'f"^"*'"^ through the and one which ^eekTtfso™ ty „r Varbeir^f ™T T"""' wS)'l'r'T\^-'= ^^^^ "'-^ wi;'!" if. :; "\t;/ 7vratm.) Abundant summer resirlpnf -.^ r t l ^^ Vyicii- .-.bout March ,2th and leaves aboN u'^'P*"' °"'- Arrives One taken at Norway House, foot of I -Tlr,. w \'^- ^- ^ '^'^^'^■) Bel,:, Firs. noticedLar Pri..ce Alb r. ™ .h! TaShi'"'- ^^ company w th other soecies in fh^ c Saskatchewan in Probably no. unco^.r bul 1 t^^^Trcf, "^i The most abundant sparrow both ^t CrT i p , ^'^^''^^'^"'^• wawin. Saskatchewan Rivir where thl T^' ""' ^■'^^"^^- {IV:a^m^.) Quitecommon on n '^^^^h'-"bbery was thick. V ^.; SJU'ie common on Clearwater Rver Lat cfio or^'. pa2n^;xhr:irorT'n;?^=if<2r.rrc'^-''^ (7-/.«^..,-S«.,., pL.'^^ndiviZal seen" f d-; °H ad T"' Apnl 30th, 1892; they were common bv the ,nth , ,"" considerable nnmbers; one male was s^ee'^a^MeJli^t^Ha.'Sl:; 5o8 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. April 30th, 1894; quite common in scrub along the river and creeks by May 5th; a few found breeding at Crane Lake, but especially along Skull Creek; in the Cypress Hills, at the last of June- they were quite common along the willow thickets bordering the small creeks forming Swift Current Creek. This species is always by water, and wherever there is water and brush. We found it from Old Wives' Creek to Wood Mountain and west to Frenchman's River, and by all the creeks issuing from the Cypress Hills. Many nests were found on the ground, generally beneath willows. A few individuals were seen in the Milk River valley at Castellated Rocks, Alberta, also on the West Butte, on the 49th parallel, and at Lee's Creek farther west; very rare at Banff in the Rocky Mountains, breeding in the bushes in the marsh below " the Cave and Basin " in June, 1891; first observed one April 20th, at Edmonton, Alta.; found a nest May 26th and another May 27th with five eggs; nests, on the ground, composed of dry grass, lined with a little horse hair; common south in the foothills to Crow's Nest Pass; common from mouth of Lesser Slave River to Peace River Landing Lat. 56° 15' in June, 1903; common from Edmonton to the crossing of McLeod's River,north of Edmonton in June, 1898. {Spreadborough) Breeding Notes.— A common breeding bird around Ottawa. Nest in a low bush, or tuft of grass, or on the ground; built of grass, rootlets and vegetable matter, lined with grass and hair. Eggs four, greenish or grayish white spotted with brown, choco- late and lavender. {G. R. White.) Breeding in May, June and July, and occasionallv in August in New Brunswick. I would not be surprised if some specialist were to divide our song spar- rows into two races. There is certainly a difference in the songs of those in different localities, a great difference in their eggs and the location of the nest. {W. H. Moore) Some of the nests are on the ground or sunken in the ground, also in the midst of heaps of dead branches or covered by tufts of tall grass in the fields or by reeds in the marshes. Others are built in bushes or in small trees to a height of ten feet, and many on the lower branches of large conifers. A few are found in holes of trees or in logs in fences. The materials used are grasses, bark and leaves with finer grass or hairs as lining. Eggs may be found from April to August at Ottawa. (Garneau.) CATALOGUK OF CANADIAN HIRDS. .g MUSEUM SPECIMENS taken ae Ottawa in April, ,C by m; FA S °, ''''"''"• """•' Lond„„, On,., Apn ' .si, .Se^y Mr W p" S?' T "'"' "' .aken a. Lornc Park, Toronto, i^ May ssT by Mr E Th' ' """" on the cana, bank at offaUXy" 5:^87 b m7 Tr't" ::: i^T^f:;:n: r<,ir r ":f • '^'-^ ^-^ -'■ - ^: by Mr. Spreadborough "°"' '^"^■' '"''>' ^^.h, ,89;, both 58 : J- Dakota Song Sparrow rbiro-b^'-^ronVrift^rS"^^^^^^^ »8is. Mountain Song Sparrow. ^rf«/,i« «»«-.^ «Wn^ morp/,,ui (Oberh.) Rmovv. igoi we^tlf CohsTrT '"■'"•• ^^''''■^ ^°"^'^«" •■" «"*-h Colun.bia 510 GEOLOGICAL SUKVKY OF CANADA. to the coast and Vancouver Island. {Fannin.) An abundant resident at Chilliwack. Tolerably common winter resident at Lake Okanagan, B.C. {Brooks.) The distribution of ^utt.Ua in Washini^'ton and British Columbia is singularly uniform m all kinds of localities, no difference between coast and interior indi- viduals being apparent. {Rhoads.), Breeding from extreme southern portion of Alaska through British Columbia, including Vancouver Island, to Oregon. {Ridgivay.) Saw what I took to be this form in the valley of McLennan river, west of the Rocky Mountains and south of Yellowhead Pass, in B.C., July, 1898; not uncommon at Revelstoke, B.C., in April, 1890. Further west it was found common at Sicamous and Kamloops in 1889; not com- mon at Penticton, B.C., a few pairs breeding ; it was very abund- ant, however, west of the Coast Range at all points visited and was particularly abundant on Vancouver Island. Except at Revel- stoke it was found breeding throughout its range; like the eastern song sparrow it likes to breed near water. {Spreadboraugh.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Nineteen; two taken at Revelstoke, B.C., April loth, 1890; one at Penticton, B.C., April, 1903; one at Sicamous, July 5th 1889 ; two at Kamloops, B.C., in June, 1889 ; three at Agassiz, B.C., in May, 1889; three at Hastings, Burrard Inlet, B.C., in April, 1889; three at Chilliwack, B.C.. in May and June, 1901; twoat Hunting- ton B C , in September, 1901; one at Victoria, Vancouver Island, April 28th, 1893, and one at Comox, Vancouver Island, June 23rd, 1893, all by Mr. Spreadborough. Three sets of eggs; two of four taken at Hastings, B.C., April 27th, 1889, and Agassiz, B.C., May 21st, 1889. both by Prof. Macoun One set of f^ve taken near Victoria, Vancouver Island, by Rev. G. Taylor, in May, 1890. One of the Agassiz nests was built on the lowest strand of a wire fence. 581/. Sooty Song Sparrow. Mebspizacinerea rufina {'R^.m^'v) "^iTiGVJ. 1901. An abundant resident chiefly along the coast of the mainland. B C {Fannin.) An abundant resident in the Eraser valley near the International Boundary in the summer of 1901. Rather com- mon along the seashore at Hastings. Burrard Inlet in May, 1889, CATALOGUE OK CANADIAN HIRDS. .,, and seen at Comox, Vancouver Island, June iSnu / c.. v l>orough.) No specimens of this form wer^ co iJc'ted h th^ ^^1" .ng season along the coast of British CoUn^bi a^^^^^^ '^;'"l'; Common at New Westminster and at English Ba^and^luS Park near Vancouver. B.C.. ,894. [H. F. I. WkiJ) '"''^ on Quee. Ch.-,rlotle Isl.nnch. A few nes " ve ,. r,t '^ '"' wtrt setn ae Haine» Missioi,, J„„c jst and inA. [Bhliof ) l„ il„- woodcd co,nsl region of southeastern Alaska, including Si kni, thence northwest to Lituya Bay and Katliak, this birtl fs abunda" but beyond th,s hmited region it is unknown at preset (S,") MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Nine; one taken at Hastings, Burraid Inlet, B.C., April ,2th 889; s.x taken at Huntington, B.C., in September 190 Jwo bor::;h '^'^'^°"^' ^^-^^-^'^^ ^^••^-'' ^^>'- '^93. an by Mr^Veld- 27t^"%oc h '^M If ri"''" "' ^"'"^•"' Vancouver Island. May .nl K ?^' ^ \ ^- ""'"">'• The nest was close to the beach .n a bank of nettles, built of coarse grass or weed stalks on the outs.de and finer material within, endfng with dark-cc^^^^^^ 58i.if'. Yakutat Song Sparrow. Melospiza cinerea cauritm (Ridgway) Ridgw 1901 Coast of middle Alaska, from Cook's Inlet to Cross SompH • In Tshnd ni";*'^^".^^f^' '^^^"^ - Howcan PHnceo W^, 2 f:J.^"^^^''y ,„ The Auk. Vol. XVI. 1899, p. 36 ) Coast o 581 • I . Kenai Song Sparrow. Melospiza cinerea kemiemis (Ridgw.) Ridgway. Loast of Kenai peninsula. Alaska, from east side of Cnnl.'^ inlet, taken Apr.l gth, ,892, by C. H. Townsen.l. (Ridg,,ay i„ -j2 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. The Auk. Vol. XVII. p. 29.1900.) Two spe-rrns taken at Ilomcr, October 12th 1901 were the onlv ones seen near the Kenai Mountains. Alaska. {Chapman) 6811a. Kadiak Song Sparrow. Melospha cincrea insknn (Baird) Ridgw. 1901. Island of Kadiak. Alaska, and opposite coast of Aliaska penin- sula. (Rid^way) 682. Aleutian Song Sparrow. Melospiza cinma (Gmel.) Kinsch. 1872. Among the several insular forms occurring in the Aleutian Islands and rarely extending their range to the adjacent ma.nland c,f southeastern Alaska tiiis large hardy bird, a veritable g.an among its congeners, is the most peculiar It .s a res:de.it throughout the Aleutian Islands and is lim.ted t the rocky shores and low flats with its bordering beaches, never go.ng far inland, nor does it reach any considerable altitude. Strange y enough ii does not pass to the northward even as far as the 1 ryb- ilof Islands To the eastward, however, it is abundant on the bhumagin Islands and Kadiak. {Nelson) This species is a cmv stant resident of the Aleutian Islands, the penmsula of Al.aska and the adjacent islands lying on the south as far eastward as Cook's Inlet. {Tnrner) Abundant at Unalaska, October 5th to 7th, 1899, frequenting the roofs of buildings, lumber piles, wharves, beaches and weeds of the level country. {B^shop) Ten speci- mens were taken at Sand Point, Popof Island, October 20th, 1901. This sparrow is fairly common on Popof Island, where it is resident. {Chapman.) 583. Lincoln's Sparrow. Melospiza lincolnii {AvD.) Baikv. 1858. Rare at Fort Chimo, Labrador; a male obtained June lOth, ,883 ; common in southern portions. Drexler found it at Moose Factory, May 23rd, i860. {Packard.) Common along the nor h- eastern coast of Labrador. A characteristic bird of the wooded parts of the coast as far north as Hamilton Inlet. {Btgelozv^ No an uncommon inland summer resident in Nova Scotia. {Downs.) A pair was found breeding at Brackley Point, Pnnce Ldward CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN UIKDS ,|- their habits that it is verv rliffl. .1 V , ''' secretive in specimens, each season. They visie u, he^e „ t""*^ . '''*' rre?,:r''""-r'"'^-'""'^-<^-'^-^^^^^^^^ Ubservecl in large numbers during the \iU,'r n.rf (c , factory where three specimens wer- collected /A 5"L \? Only noted as a spring migrant at Indi ^ Held a f. tu7 '^ first seen May 13th, 1892, and left again in a e ^tvT" o'lv 7^' rprtrafr ^'f ^''1' '''-' '" '«^^- b't:otrwe?e"L^/:: May sth. .8 ':". ^ ' fsTfotdTne:; ^:'r ""' ^'f-" a bunch of grass, nest made of c Wed gr"ss e." fi ^'°""^. '" ^ common in the foothills from cT ^'''''' ^^^^ '^^^' q"'te fresh; Pa.;«- f^ 1 ^^" "^ ^"^""^ Calgary southward to Crow's Nesf i'ass, found a nest with four fresh eggs Tune 2Sfh n ? Ed.„„.o„ a„iVe^?:„ht;pi;s;ro; brheri're-^^rr "t.n.a|an, B.C. c,n Apr.l .8,h, .go.,. (S;,..Wfo..„^/,) No„h ,„' ♦ -! .» i\ t^im 5M GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Fort Simpson, on Mackenzie River; not rare (Ross.) Common during the autumnal migrations. (S^reator.) Regular snmme v"sito? (Lord.) Found east and west of Coast Range. (f^«m«.) At Nulato this bird is rare, but thence it becomes more and more numerous towards the east and at Fort Yukon .t >s c-s.derably more abundant. (Ndso..) Mr. Rhoads in The Auk, Vol X p 2 , savs that he cannot see any difference between specimen, of th s pedes taken on Vancouver Island and those taken m Pennsyl- rniland on this account he rejects .V/... wh.ch .s based on Vancouver Island specimens {Mnconu.) \- ^ ^^^^^^^^PJ^ breed in the grassy margin of the pond back o S^^^;. Alaska A juvenile about one-third grown was taken on June 25th. Mr Brewster savs of a female that was taken June 25th that ,t agree ,v th L... in respect to the streaking in the upper parts, but. would be unsafe to make it that form without material. {Gr.n. .) In adult male was taken at Hope, Cook's Inlet, Alaska, and a few other were seen when we were there. Thespecmien taken shows none of the characters attributed to Melospsa It.colnustn.ta. Tosloo.l) Seen at Log Cabin, June 15th, 1899; ^J f ->^ ^"^^, nesf of fresh eggs were taken near Lake Marsh, July 5th. The ne wa composed of coarse grass lined with fine and was ma tuft of grass in p wamp, about four inches above the waten The species was occasionally met with to Circle City on the Yukon. (Bishop.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Twenty-four ; one taken in Algonquin Park Ont. July loth icoo three at Indian Head, Assa., in September 1891, five at Fell ton, Alta, in May, 1897, three at Peace River Landing, {^TZ'i< June, 1903, four at Banff, Rocky Mountains, in May, \L our t R veistoke,B.C., in May, 1890, two taken at Pent.cton, B.C , Lat. 49^ Aoril, 1903, two at Victoria, Vancouver Island, May, 1893', all bv Mr. Spreadborough. One set'of five eggs taken at Edmonton. Alta., June ist, 1897, by Mr. Spreadborough. 583c<. Porbush's Sparrow. Meiospisa Itncolfiii striaia Brewst. 1889. ■ One seen near Victoria, Vancouver Island, April 24th, 1893, and another on May 5th; after which time they were more common ; CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BfRDS. eje Observed a number in a marsh on Depot Creek, Chilliwack Lake B C July 24th, 1901; took one in a peat bog at Huntington on the Internat.onal Boundary on September 24th. {Spreadborough ) Moun Lehman, lower Fraser valley ; also Vancouver Isla^K ^f r^iir ^. ,° uf • ^^""'""''-^ Tolerably common migrant at L.h.lluvack; tolerably common breeder in the Caribou district {BrooZ) '"' 'SS^'^^^^ at 158-Mile House. July 3rd, 1901.' All our specimens are placed with the M. /mco/mi, as we cannot separate them from that species. (Macoi/fi.) 584. Swamp Sparrow. Mclcspisa georgiaiia (Lath.) Ridgw. 1885 (/^^^W)"'Nn1' "'• '• '"' T^' '' *" ""' ^^""^-^^ - Labrador. Hk I st .^^^"e;^'^"" ^ «"& the number River, Newfound- Lnc, i^^^{Loms H.Porter.) A common summer resident in Nova Scotm. (Doza^s.) Nest found at Sydney. Cape Breton Island May 25th. 1901 ; arrives in April. (C. 7?. Harte^ Fairly common from M.y to October at WolfviUe, King's Co.! N.S. JntT) Breedmg ,n some numbers around the swamps at Brackley Poin and Rusfco, Pr.nce Edward Island, June. 1888. (Macou.n )R2fr common ,n very wet, bushy meadows, with alders here and there or m open swamps of limited area, such as occur along brooks in attrJSecr r "■'' T\ " f ?"" "^'""^ '^'^"^'- Not'uncommon at Baddeck, Cape Breton Island. (Dwig/a.) An uncommon sum- mer resident at St. John, N.B. (aa^nber/ain.) A common un - mer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. (IV.I/.Moore) Not uncommon on Magdalen Islands. (Bis/wp.) Rare in the Resti gouche valley. N.B. (Britta., ^ Co..) A^ abundant sptit on Ant.costi Island and breeding there. (BrezusUr.) Taken at Beau- port ; a summer resident in eastern Quebec. (Diomc.) A com- mon summer resident around Montreal. It is common in the ^^':t'rX""''u "^ •'' if^-'^^Sl^^hlts is not noticed unless sought after by the collector of birds. (fF/V/f.) A moderately common sun.mer resident at Ottawa. (OUmaa AW./../ Vol. V.) A common summer resident in the marsle o eastern Ontario. It makes its nest in the sedge in wet place' Ihe eggs are readily distinguished from those of the so.g spar- row, being spotted and speckled with umber instead of brick-red 516 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. {Rev. C.J. Young.) One taken at Beaumaris on May 14th, 1898 by Mr. Tavernier is the only record I have for the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. (/. H. Fleming.) Abundant in the marshes of the Madawaska, below Cache Lake, Algonquin Park, Ont.; in June, 1900. {Sprcadborough.) Found abundantly in the marshes near Toronto. Have found many nests early in May. (/. Hughes-Samud.) Abundant summer resident in bogs and marshes at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. Klugh.) A few were seen in the shrubby woods back of the post of Oxford House and an adult was taken July 3rd. At York Factory, where the species was rather common, two young not long from the nest, were taken July 13th and i6th. {E. A. Pred/es.) This species was observed with other members of the family during the autumn migration from the middle of September until the middle of October at the Mouse (Souris) River, Lat. 49°. In all, six specimens were taken. (Cones.) A common summer resident in Manitoba; nesting in swamps that have some willows about them; very abundant about Carberry, breeding in every slough. (Thompson-Setoji.) North to Fort Resolution on Great Slave Lake; rare. (Ross) One speci-' men taken at Indian Head, Assa., in May, 1892; everywhere in marshes from the foot of Lesser Slave Lake to Peace River Land- ing, Lat. 56° 15', June, 1903. (Spreadborough.) Breeding Notes.— Rather rare as a breeding bird at Ottawa. Nest on ground in a tussock of grass or in a low bush, composed of rootlets weeds and grass, lined with fine fibrous matter ; eggs 4 to 6; greyish white, speckled with reddish brown. {G. R. White.) Nests found in the marshes around Ottawa in May and June; they are attached to the reeds, which often hide the nest ; sometimes they are built in bushes or on the grounu along the swamps; the material, used are grasses, which are finer inside used as a lining ; from three to five eggs are in the set. {Garneau.) MUSEUM specimens. Six; one purchased with the Holman collection in 1885 ; one taken at Ottawa, May 1888, by Prof. Macoun; three taken at Ot- tawa by Mr. F. A. Saunders in September, 1890; one taken in Algonquin Park, Ont., May 28th, 1900, by Mr. Spreadborough. Two sets of eggs; one set of four taken at Cataraqui marsh near Kingston, Ont., June 3rd, 1900, by Mr K, Beaupre ; nest in a marsh built of driest grass and lined with hair; the other, also of. 'TALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. . c,- four eggs, take, Gasperaux, N.S., May 22„d, 1898, bv Mr H i^ Tu ts ; nest .. dried grass sunk into the si le of 'a grass v mound in a swamp. grassy CCVI. PASSERELLA Swainson. 585. Fox Sparrow. ^837- Passerella iliaca (Merr.) .Swains 1837 Ri^oriate'- /?' ""'',"" r •' '^ '"'"'^^ ' >^->"^ obtained at K^olet late .n June and early ui July 1882. ^Packard.) Common from some distance up the Moose River to Richmond Gulf n^ne observed when crossing Ungava; young able to fly July t' Z {Spreadborough.) Common along the southern coast of Labrador-' ant on Ne I fountlland and very common iRi,t,\ t„.„ .rds seen August ,;.,,, ,8,,, aLg the Humb^ R vl NirvCn"? land. Z„,„ H. P„H.-r:^ Common during the sprmra„d au^ln" sland, N.S April 20th, ,902, and a flock on October .tb nT'lTT:"^ ^'""'= ''"' " -'>'^"=^' Cape Bre to, Isla'nd S. A floe '• r'-"' '""" • -"'y f°'''^'y ^^eed, (C 1' Co N s March ,„:;'^";;;" ""' "=" " S""'-' Cun,berland l-o, iM..S Ma ch 29th ; they were in song. (if„m* , Com M.jonn, N.B.. (C/iafn3er/am.) A rare snrincr nnrl ..f*. rant at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B (^1 il"' !?.'!" (S:r '^^rf "^ ? ^"^ ''''''''" is,an*ds aLtT::ras. out: o fni ." ^P^-i-ow among the Magdalens, on Anti- costiand everywhere on the north shore of the m.lf K. Ci abu.Klantly. (^......,, Taken at Beauporl; a .J L^Lrea's? en Quebec, but breeding on the Mingan Islands. \d Z) A -.uce and transient visitor in the vicinity of Montre 1. "m,,A vot V ) Tht^' TZ"^ t'T ^' ^"-^- (^--- ^vJ..S () ■ T f ■ '^" '^''^' '" ''^" ^"" '" the countv of Leeds b h in oTT '" ^7 "^•^'"'"" frequenting second growth Sly i i888"|"'m^'^^" '•^•'^""^•^ ^^^^^^'^^ - --t Por 7 I 1806 IT' ''' u'^' '"P^-"'"^ "^ common on September /tn, 1896, at Beaumaris by Mr Tavernier' both ir...!-.- Muskok;, ( T TJ t7i ■ \ "l^;/^^^rnier, both localities are in n u • ^•^- ^'^''^'"''.^'■•) This species passes through Toronto -> -apKily in its spring migration that it is quite easy to overlook 5i8 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. it entirely, hence the idea, I think, that it is scarce. I have met with these birds in the middle of April when each bush contained several, many perched on the upper twigs singing the richest sparrow melody I know of. On visiting the locality the next morning at day break not a sign remained of our fleeting visitors; in the fall, their visit is of much longer duration, but on disturb- ing a small party of these birds while scratching the dead leaves for their food they will fly up into the nearest evergreen tree and remain perfectly motionless tijl the intruder has passed from view. (/. Hughes-Samuel) Usually rare but occasionally a common migrant in either spring or fall, and in rare seasons we may hear this fine songster in full song for perhaps a week; and yet until 1S85 only two or three specimens had been noted near London, Ont., so that it appears to be increasing in abundance quite steadily. {W. E. Saunders.) Irregular migrant in spring at Guelph, Ont.; it is never common. {A. B. Kliigh.) A rare and transient visitant at Penetanguishene,Ont. (A.F.Youug.) A not very common migrant in Manitoba; breeding at Duck Mountain in the northern part of the province. {Thompsoti-Scton) A not very common migrant in southern Saskatchewan {Co beaux.) First noticed on the afternoon of July 10th, when its beautiful song was heard in the willow thickets, bordering Hayes River, a few miles above York Factory. While at York Factory we found fo.x sparrows fairly common in willow thickets, and took a piir, July i6th. {E. A. Prebles.) This handsome species breeds in the wooded dis- tricts of the Northwest Territories up to the sixty-eight parallel of latitude; it constructs its nest in a low bush, of dry grass, hair and feathers. (^Richardson.) North to Lapierre's House on the Mackenzie River; common. {Ross.) Saw one, April 19th, 1897, at Edmonton, Alta.; saw individuals up to June ist, a few pairs doubtless breed here; observed two individuals near Edmonton, June 7th, 1898, common from Lesser Slave Lake to Peace River Landing, Lat. 56° 15', June, 1903. {Spreadbo rough) Not rare at Fort McMurray at the confluence of the Clearwater River and the Athabasca, Lat. 56° 40'; one bird and nest seen on Methye Portage, eggs not hatched July i8th, 1888. (/. M. Macoun.) I did not discover the presence of the fox sparrow at Cape Blossom, Kotzebue Sound, until the evening of July 31st, 1898 ; fox sparrows were seen or heard all along'the lower course of the CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRnS -j Kowak, and at our witifpr ramr^ fU„ AU.US. .3rd, When .r;:;';T. dtrppT^i" ('^rzATa:: tained young by the 21st InZ II ^ ' ^^' ""^ ^''''^P* °"^ ^«"- have seen TLTL *""l" ""^ ""^ '""^ =P»'™»'. ^^'I I a... ..,,3 i„ces.a„.„ i„ ,. ..Jidi^ '^S^S^t ^^,^^7^:^; named Sw n R ver T„ t e .'hT" '" "' l'"""^ °' ^ '™^" ="•"- >-.il.ont,.e:s „ ;"erres'nrecfTst'"r''f''"^''"'"^ lew found on the srounri h^ ^'"■'''" •'''"'^' I"" a grass, line,, ^ h sone of' ar;;;;' "',"' '=°T''°'"' °' "^'=«= "^>' sprinkling of fresh mSss the T *'' '/'"' ''"" '"""'■ »"'' ' 10 five r«W SIT ; I ™"'P''="™' °f ':SSs varies from four clelf. tf""'"^''''"'-) I have several sets from the Macken.i. shrub r.a he ? T'- ""^ '"=" "■•"= ""'■" '" the root of a werlr^xrRjerb^rh: T Tri r""- "''='-"" ^ =«^«' kindness I have been abe to rl '*'=:■ '■?S'"'«er, through whose Arctic birds found bv ^h s ''.f'-' ''''"=.*<= "^sts and eggs of many eight years's^rllo ;sf ttSIs'of [h'."""'' "'"'V^ to be regretted th-,t .. • . '"<^.;^^skimos ot that region, and it s he has proved .Xo^l''\"'**'^"J °' ^'^^^ ^-^''^ --t- as taking ornitio:g '':,'; ^^een observer and careful pains- Mr. Strin^e, wre t.l'.n i m u sP<^c.mens collected by Mackenzit'le" o 1 Ta'^''^ was travelling up or down the otten at nigh ' f°f '^'^:;*'^ ^^^ ^'''^ '^^"^'^ ^^ Eskimos and n.gl... M,,n the natives had laid down to sleep, Mr Si 520 GEOLOGICAl, SURVEY OF CANADA. Stringer had to skin the birds and blow the eggs and make his notes, and bv the time this work was done the Eskimos were astir again and making ready to proceed on their journey. {W. Nawe.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Six; one taken at Ottawa, by Prof. Macoun in May, 1888; two taken by Mr. F. A. Saunders in April, 1890; three taken by Mr. Spreadborough, in June, 1903, at Peace River Landing; these last represent the gray phase of Ridgway, but are doubtless a dis- tinct form. One set of five eggs taken at Nachvak, Labrador, by Mr. R. Guay, in June, 1897. 585a. Shumagin Fox Sparrow. Passerella iliaca una'aschcnsis (Gmelin) Ridgw. 1900. Shumagin Islands and Aliaska peninsula, Alaska; Unalaska Island? {Ridgzvay.) An adult female taken at Homer, Kenai peninsula, June 5th, 1901. agrees with Shumagm Island speci- mens. {Chapman.) 585.1. Kadiak Pox Sparrow. Passerc/la i/iaca insiiiaris RwGW. 1900- Kadiak Island, Alaska, in summer; south to California in winter. Type taken at Kadiak Island, May 17th, 1868, by t. Bischoff. {Ridgivay in The Auk, Vol. XVII., p. 30, 1900.) 585. 2. Yakutat Pox Sparrow. Passerella iliaca aniiectens Ridgway. 1900. Coast of Alaska, from Cross Sound to Prince William's Sound; in winter south to California. {Ridgzvay:) Rather common at Cook's Inlet, Alaska, but very shy as usual, and hard to secure. Two specimens were taken at Hope and one at Tyonek but are not tvpical. {Osgood) Three specimens taken at Homer and on Kenai Mountains in August, 1901. These birds agree with Tune specimens of annectens from Yakutat Bay. {Chapman.) This species was taken in April, 1893, at Victoria, Vancouver Island, by Mr. Spreadborough. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. MUSEUM SPfXlMEN. 521 M^s;r;::::,f'"' "'"-'"'" '"'-"■ ■'^" ^"-"^ ■'^«. "x 585.3. Townsend's Sparrow. P^ssen//a t/iaca tozv„se,^di (AvDvms) R.dgwav. igo, (ff,v \ , "■ '" »■""" soueh to northern California no 'Co its"",;;::^ 't '" '"t °' ""' "'■"'■= ''^^ •' -' M..s.n'n, cone«:rfro™ SitkT l": T '""" '" "'^^^^>"-^' occurs north along the nTainla, Too %I:r Z^'^^"' Zl lasst 'Tsw" ■'"" "V"'"''- <^"""'"'') «"-■"'"■- the WhTte Pat ? y""'' "'"' '"■'="' ''°''«"' •■" Glacia. in 585.4. Sooty Fox Sparrow. PassercUa Uiaca fuliginosa Ridgwav. i«99 bia'TndtidinLV ""' ;'?'"" "' ^o-'hwes.er,, British C.|„„,. -His Bir::x r^heT::. tat l^«t^\ i! t °""- '-- feeding, it like a he V ler„7.hin."L"' k"'" ?^" -ail elevated like a wren. It w ^e fate in \^Tm-Vl "^ Regular summer visitor in British Columb^ (Wr r,f Tl' ">..- BT.";T.,tr:it\l'5."^.",,^.f'-''' "- ^- ^^ 522 GEOLOGICAL SURVKV ol CANADA. MUSEUM SPKCIMI NS. Two; one taken at Victoria, Vancouver Island, in April, 1887, and the other at Comox, V.I., in May .)f the same year by Prof. Macoun. 585r. Slate-colored Sparrow. Passerella ilinca schistacca (I^mrh) Allen. 1872. Quite common at Banff, Rocky Mountains in May and June, 1891, where they were evidently breediiio; lare at Penticton, B.C., in April, 1903; one specimen of this form was seen at Rossland, B.C.. in June, 1902; one female was shot at Revelstoke, B.C., April 25th, i89\ {Spreadborongh .) Taken at Nelson, on Kootanie R'ver. B.C., and two intermediates from further west. {Rhoads.) MUSEIM SI'KCIMICNS. Kight; five taken at Banff between May 15th and June i6th, 1891; two taken at Penticton, B.C., April 21st, 1903, and one at Edmonton, Alta., May 5th, iS97,by Mr. .Spreadborough. CCVll. PIPILO ViKiLLOT. 1 8 16. h^'. Towhee. Pipilo erythroplitlialmus {\A\ti.)\h\i\\A.. 1824. Audubon, Vol. III., p. 168, states that it occurs northward to Labrador. {Packard.) Accidental in New Brunswick; one shot at Irishtown, May 8th, 1881. {Chamberlaiti.^ Cap Rouge, near Quebec, obtained by Mr. Nelson. {Dioiinc.) A few seen and one taken at Ottawa in August, 1890. (/'". A. Saunders.) This bird breeds commonly in the county of Leeds, near Lans- downe. Ont. I have found the nest in a small thick hemlock about "iS inches above the ground on the 19th May, and on the ground, with four eggs, as early as the 6th May. It appears usuallv to raise a second brood. In eastern Ontario it resorts to the .-iame kind of location as the fox sparrow frequents on the Magdalen Islands, preferring second growth woods and old clearings grown up with brambles and brush. It has a preference for broken uneven ground. It arrives about the middle of April and is one of the last birds to leave in the fall, I have seen it as late ?.^ the end of [September. (AVt'. C.J. Voiiiig.) I'irst seen at CATALOGUI-: .,!.■ CANADIAN BIRDS. -j- Port Sydney, Muskoka, bv Mr Kav in iss^- .u u , 1891; reported rare ;^f H 1 • ^' ^''^•^ ^'^'^ 'here in / 7- rr ^F^'it" rare at Wcaumaris m i8q7 hv lUr t. (/. i¥. Fleming.) Fairlv commnn c ^ ^ Tavernier. /-v ^ . . ^ ' i ciiiiy tomnion summer rpsiV f>n<^ ^* r^ 1 • Ont. Arrives about April 2-th ;,nrl ^ "^^SKlent at Guelph, I A n k'l, 7 \ .-' * ^"'^ leaves about Octohf^r sm KA B Klugh.) Common summer resident abonfTn^.^f arriving early, sometimes in March I ''''"' ^"'•• Although so common at iln lo i't i mThTs' ""'■'' ''"'• Bruce, although it appears to h^ nJ '"^ '" "^''^^ trict than it was 10 year ' ThT T"''"'" """ ''" '^'' ^^^^'■ .round, in shrubs, ^Z:^oJ^^Z:^:' t"' b " '^.^ are often reared in a season usually consTs in^orfn u'T^' and three in the second. (H^. R \amlr\ TW "" '^' '^"^ species which apparently enters On/ 7"^ u" " ""' °^ ^'^^ on looking at the cla^c of i . r'' ^'"""^ ^^^ southwest, for find it is always hteLfln.f ''r^'"^'"" ^"^' ^^^'^an, we Mr. White ha^s ^'^:^7:1'^'^^;;^^^^ summer resident at Penetanguishene, Ont ( "^ ^1'^?"""" A common summer resident in shplf^r«,i 11 . . ern Manitoba and northwe t to C.be r r/""^ ^'"^^^ '" ^'^"^'^- MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Four; one purchased with the Holman collection in iSS.- taken at Ottawa in August, 1890, by Mr FAQ ^' ^^ taken at Toronto by Mr S Heirin. . ^- ^-Saunders; one Ont.,byMr.W.rJsatders Ma;';tT89r^ ^^'^" " ^^"^^"' ^^M^ - -2? a^d r c^r t-;^r r r ^ r- r ' June 8th, 1894, by Mr. W F Saundefs v T Komoka, Ont., - >.e. ... :•. ..;, , -;t- .-rxl.;' - 688. Arctic Towhee. Pipilo maculatus arcticus (Swains.) Coues 1872 Along the 49th parallel this form becomes estihlJch 1" . , as far east as the Mouse (Souris) River ThLe I 'e' r 1 '''•' .^^en in September. On the boindarr'tll^^^le^r t^t^^h Pi 524 GKOI.OGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. iii If again until the kocky Mountains wcic reached. (Coius.) I' list saw one at Medicine Mat, Assa., May 3'"■' "« i'^ n.„ The male ,he„ amH '" ^ " T .i''';' ,"' ''r"'""-='>' """ i'- this forn,; within , !. 7:: eTu h If ■ "'''™^"' " '° ^' arow„e<,. Co„,„,„„ everyXr °' T T bT T"t' ^Tj" youni/ reac V to flv Iim.. ,»* . ' ^^ ' '" 'ow bushes, ton. sou,h oVllkeillTcTT '" '™''™=''^'' '■'•'■'-■ anclEnclerby BC ,w"5« Z.^""'' 'W.also at S camous point. w.it„, in ;^L.^sifa :;':';- tt^"Tr^.r " MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Fourteen ; two taken at Robson K f i Macoun; four taken at Tra I B C ' M ^''""'c '^^°' ^^ ^'""f" B.C. in June. 190.. and fo '' l^^P^J^Z^ f^: ^^^ !^/ Cascade, by Mr. Spreadborough. ^ ^"t'cton. B.C., Apnl, ,903, all 588A. Oregon Towhee. ;^'>*''''^ '''''^'//^///.- .n'i>-.vm (Bell) CouES. ,87. Abundant on the coasf nf ir-,.,*- ,. Port Honey and A«ar;:\ 'rs'^'R-^.f '!™;' '"'- ->" - .heGulforciia w" ^f '=°"7/ '"""'I "nti on the islands in British cl„,b f • br eds frf l i"""'"""' "" "'^' "--o^'' <>( of the Coast Range Iter ^',7' " "''T""' '"'"''^"' "«« ;. Chilliwac. ; pl^arnrr'es e t T^t./fZ/ '°"""°" Seanley Par. ^f^;;!'^^^ ';r;;;,X7"" ^^"""'■" »"" MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Helt'.'Fra'eTRive'r^BcT'r «.^- ''''• "'^- ""- »' P-' May and I, ne Z,' B ' I',''' ■^*»' "" "' Chilliwack, B.C.. in Co™^, Vancouver Island. Jn„e ..„., f^Au'^^:^ 11 I 526 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. One set of three eggs taken by Prof. Macoun, May 3r(l, i««9, at Hastings, H.C. CCVIII. CARDINALIS HoNArAKTK. 1837. 693. Cardinal, Red-bird. Oir(iina/iscar"- the. bir.ls b.i„, nls •'/, e kT "'^'7"' N^- '^th. .899. both -•ar Aylmcr. K,gi„ Co.. abou O ob.; iooo 1"'"?^ 7t^''^' around his place "other r. n ''''"^'"'^' ^'^^" ^^'"^^■'- "^ '^'99 procured a female cardinal ^ro^;. k .t P,n r " i ''''' '^^°^' I sent to Mr. Jas H Fh.n,inr, T-r ^'"^'tanKuishene, u-hich ber 20th and 27th 1002 •. m.l . " ^'^ «t:tvveen N.nem- Toronto; anci 'on; w'; 1 2n ?' r "''' "''^"•^ '^"^holn.e Road, (/ //. /'7.;,,,V.) " ^"'■""'"' '■" ^''^•'^'•^"•'^y. '900. MUSUUM SPECIMKN. One specimen purchased with fh,. it i Said to have been t.ken In 1 ''"''" collection in iSSc. Decn taken m southwestern Ontario. • CCIX. HABIA Reichenuach. 1850. 695. Rose-breasted Grosbeak. v%^/Vz /^^^/omcum, (L.nn.) Stejn. 1848. and Pictou, N.S 1^^^^^^^ ''^T'' '"" '" ''^'^''y ^^ ^ruro Quebec. ( WL ) n^^^^^^^^^ '"^^ ^'^'-^^'P-^' ■••^ther rare around I-'m..//;c'r.;/^/..) Formerly common all ove> qu.n Park, Ont. ^V'-f ' '^ _^ ,^ t,,^,, j,, the south western Ontar.o now ^t - - " ^ ^ ^^^^^^ ^^,^.,, (,,, ;,. where ii has probably been '^''^^ q^,^.) , Ont. ; Saumiers.) Fairly common ,^^'"^"^^ , '^^/^'"'ember ist {A. B. arrives about May lOth and 1--- J^^^^ Pe^et .^uishene Ont. Klugh:) A breeding summer resident at tcneiang (/I. F. Young.) , • I nt in l\Tqnitol)a, in thickets ; breeds Common summer --'^l^' , l,^^;'^^ , ,^ ^nompson-Setc) throughout ^1-1-;;-- ::, r t^ ts!:, on May .6th, 1S9.. Only one ^^P^'" :^;,,' ^ tTdicinc Hat, Assa., May 17th. 1894, First saw three temalcs at iMccue ^^ ^^^ ,,ter saw two males; a few pairs ^.-1 m U.e .nc. x ^^.^^^, , ,ew w- -n in t J. Cypies.^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^^^ Creek and seen at Wood Mou ^^ (.s>nw,/W//.?-//.) :^" ^'- ^':; ::':h :b;rcl wa bi^linll near the Saskatchewan on A specimen of this b.riu ^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^, a„ aklc, bush ;'l'"" ;^'' ,, ,i,,; t,„.o„j;h it; It was just a affair, ,n fact 1 cou 1 s« I, c f ^^^ ^^ ^^^^^^, ^^^^.„,,„^. fewst.cl« place the '" *^° ;„ ,,,,.„onlar woods from Kdmou- ,vas sitting o„ the egfis: commou m 'llM»Pl»' ^^^ j„ p,ace Rivev '-"' -8^;'' .^^ A own theVtl^ab^sca IV.ve,- to fort try. {Coulh'dux.) CATALOGUK OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 529 Bkeed.ng Notes.-I ^vas pleased to find this truly elej^ant bird breed.n, .n abundance at Pembina in the under.n-owti. of heavy fmber alons the banks of the Red River, as I had ne r before enjoyed a good opportunity of studying its habits tvva not observed at any other point along the line thouXst.ted . penetrate as far northward as the ^sKatch;;:!:^:^^ f ^ scute of specimens was carefully pr.-served, and sevLl e s of eggs procurer ; the birds were mating and in full song by the begmn.ngofjune, when I arrived upon the spot, but m, nJsts were found unt, the 3ist; four was the largest number fo d nest, ot ers contamed only two or three, but in all incubation had beoun; the only nest I took myself was built in a thick grove o -phngs, about e.ght feet from the ground; it containe 1 ^hree vv!.n' of"'''^ r^ r'n'"'' '" ''''"^^' "^^ three-fourths in breadth; theL ve.e of a pale dull green colour, profusely speckled with reddish! own; the nests were rather rude and bulk/structures, abo ix »u,hes across outs.de by four in depth, with the cavitC only half as much each way.^ owing to the thickness of the loose waU: they were budt enfrdy of the slender tortuous stems and n ot ets' of some chmbmg shrub, for the most part loosely interlaced tKH-gh more firmly, evenly, and circularly laid aroull th b im . .UK fin.shed sometimes w.th a little horse-hair lining, sometinl^' without; the male at this season has a clelightful song .rf. " " l^'Z:^'^^;^ '-^-'-'^ -' ^' - ex..me.y%etiring dis- Nests near Ottawa about ten feet from the ground in trees- the nest .s bu.lt w.th s.nall twigs or branches loosely put togeth"; ^ St f^'^'/^'^-^"^"'-^"^^'^!-- ^-"taming three eggs found on May Sv -1^^ ; . ^^r"""''^ ^'^'^ -^P"^'^"^ '^'•^•^•-'^ commonly about Sha.bot Lake, l-rontenac Co., Ont., I have seen three nests th .^>nh near the road in low ground ; they build a loose ^^t o nm tit. " .T. '""''''' ""' ^'^'■^'^ f^''-^^-"' -^^htorten feet H>m he g.ound; the eggs were laid the first week in June. (R.v in fl T' ?' ""' "^ '^'' 'P''''' ''^''"^ '' «^t'-^-a was built n a low bush a few teet from the ground; it was a bulky and rude ff r budt of weed-stems and stout rootlets; it was lined wit. d- T"- ;■'" ?■;•', 'u'"' fi"---^tl^^t^; <^^^g^. three, pale green, speckled with reddish brown. (G. R. JlV/ife.) 8 'A 530 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Nine; three taken at Ottawa in May, '^^ ^gjl^l^^"^ P:::e"Rl;« SJinranO o'nt at K90., two ^t V.ctor,a Vancou e Island, June, 1S93, and one at Comox June 20lh, >893. all b> Spreadborough. _ .j ^ ■ One set of three eggs ..es of Leeds and Renfrew, where it usually makes its nest about the middle of June in a raspberry thicket. yRev. C.J. Youn^.\ A a.rly common summer resident in the districts of Parry Sound and Muskoka. It arrives later than most species. (/ N. Fleming) Common summer resident at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. Klugh) Com- mon in all suitable localities both in the western and northern extremities ot the western peninsula of Ontario. {W. E. Saunders ) A rare and transient visitant at Penetanjuishene, Ont. (A F Bbeeding NOTES.-The nests taken at Ottawa were placed in ou- bushes, and were large for the size of the bird. It is com- posed ot grass, leaves and weed-stalks, lined with fine grass. Lags 4 or 5 white, tinged with blue; some eggs are speckled with 'eddish-brown. {G. R. n7nte.) This bird breeds sometimes at p^ fe 532 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Ottawa, but more frequently in Montreal in June, also at Lake Nominingue, lOO miles north of Ottawa, in July. Nest in a fork in a bush two or three feet from the ground, made of dried leaves and lined with fine grass or hairs. Eggs in the set three or four of a pale blue colour. {Ganiaiu.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Three; taken at Ottawa in May, 1888, by Prof. Macoun. Two sets of four eggs each, both taken by Mr. W. Raine one at Toronto, June 1st, 1889, and one at Stratford, Ont., May 29th, 1890. 599 . Lazuli Bunting. Cyanospiza anuviia (Say) Bairo. 1858. ■ This species was found in the Bow valley from the foothills at Morlev upto Banff in the Rocky Mountains, but although often seen was not common in the summer of 1891 ; common at Trail on the Columbia and at Cascade in low bushes on the hillsKles m June and July, 1902; found at Kamloops and Spence's Bridge, B. C. in abundance in June, 1889; two pairs were seen at Agassiz on Mav 13th, the same year, one specimen seen at ChiUiwack, b.l.., May 23rd, 1901; shot a female at Comox, Vancouver Island, June 23rd, 1893, the only one seen; one seen at lake near Victoria, Vancouver Island, May 15th, 18S7. {Spreadborough.) This beauti- ful bird is abundant between the Coast Range and the Rockies, but does not extend further north than Bonaparte River which is north of Ashcroft in British Columbia. {Rhoads.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Nine; four taken at Trail, B.C., May and June, 1902, three at Spence's Bridge, B.C., May, 1889, one at Kamloops, B.C., June 23rd, 1889, and one at Comox, Vancouver Island, June 23rd, 1893, all by Mr. Spreadborough. CCXII. SPIZA Bonaparte. 1824. 604. Dickcissel. Spiza amcricana (Gmel.) Ridgw. 1880. Since the irruption of this species into eastern and central Ontario in 1895, recorded in the OtPi^va Naturalist, of that year CATALOGUK OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 533 none have been observed near London; this species, however, is a on .' e TcT ''TI'" '■" '''' ""^' ^'' ^^^^ ''^ --•"^■•V south <)t Lake St. Chur and becomes less numerous and more southern as one comes east; the three nests so far recorded in Ontario were all on the ground, though it is often placed higher in the pra.r.e states; the four or five blue eggs have a striking resemblance to those of the bluebird. (IV.B. Saunters.) On June 14th, r897.whi e doing some miscellaneous collecting near the big slough at Port- age a Pra.ne Man., a strange bird flushed out of the grass ad al.Rhted on a ence-post; I immediately secured it and was vtrv surprised to discover that I had collected a fine male black^ throated bunting; no others were s<>en. (Geo. E. Atkinson.) One !^;;i:;i;::!/ " ''"' '^''"'' ^•'" '^'^^- "^'' '^°^- ^^^'^^ MUSEUM SPECIMEN. One specimen purchased with the Holman collection in 1885. CCXIII. CALAMOSPIZA Bonaparte. 1838. '!05. Lark Bunting, White-winged Blackbird. Calamospha rnelanocorys Stejn. 1885. The apparent absence of this species from the Red River region with its abundance on the Missouri is one of the strontr .narks of difference in the fauna of the two watersheds. It is an abundant and characteristic species of the sage-brush country of he upper Missouri and extends thence to the Rocky Mountains through the Milk River region. The bird is rather a late breeder unless the eggs found July 9th and 21st were those of a second brood. The eggs are four or five in number, like those of the blue, bird and normally unmarked, though occasionally sparsely 'l"tted Two cow-bird's eggs were found in one of the nests secured. The nest is sunk in the ground so that the brim js flush with the surface, and is built of grass and weed-stalks, \^^-^^'\ WK -similar but finer material. {Cones) A probable summer lesident of southwestern Manitoba. (JViompson-Saon.) Occa- sionally seen east of Crane Lake, but in its neighbourhood they were quite common and breeding late in June, 1894. They always placed their nests on the ground under sage brush (ArU^. ™ c^^n^); this they did in all parts of the prairie region where tliey were found. In 1895 they were found in some numbers at 2 %. ■' 1 'i I. '1 It^, ^i-l 534 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 12-Mile Lake, near Wood Mountain, Assa., in sage flats; fifty miles further west on Frenchman's River, in sage flats, they were again numerous and breeding under sage brush; at Last hnc Post, Cypress Hills, Assa., it was again noticed; also at I'arewe 1 Creek, and lastly at Sucker Creek, west end of Cypress Hills where there was a flock of over thirty ; they always nested in the sage brush and lived in colonies; one individual was shot at Bantt, Rocky Mountains in May, 1891. {Spreadborough) I never saw this bird in Manitoba but it is not at all scarce in western Assim- boia and Albe-ta. I found its nest at Rush Lake and Crane Lake, Assa It makes its nest in the grass and lays 4 pale blue eggs. This species and McCown's longspur are two of the sweetest songsters on the prairie. (W.Raine,) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. One taken at 12-Mile Lake, Assa., June 6th. 1S95. and one taken at Crane Lake, Assa., June lOth, 1894. both by Mr. Spread- borough. Family XLIV. TANAGRIDiE. Tanagers. CCXIV. PIRANGA Vieillot. 1807. 60 T. Louisiana Tanager. Pirangallldoviciatla^yN\\.^)'^^C}^^v.li%o^. 1837. Fort Chipweyan, Lake Athabasca, Atha. {Ridgivay) Abun- dant at Athabasca Landing, 90 miles north of Edmonton and up the Athabasca to Lesser Slave River. A few were seen down the Athabasca to Fort McMurray, Lat. 56° 40'. (/• M. Macouu.) Common from the mouth of Lesser Slave River to Peace River Landing, Lat. 56° 15', in June, 1903; first seen May 8th, 1897, at Edmonton, Alta.; after this date they became common and soon began to breed; common from Edmonton to Yellownead lass in Tune, 1898; common in the foothills from Calgary to Crow s Nest Pass; not very common at Banff, 1891, but breed m the Bow River valley from the " Gap " inwards. They are tound all through the mountains, but seem to be most abundant m the Columbia valley both east and west of the Selkirks. Very com- mon at Revelstoke, Deer Park and Robson, in th. Columbia valley ; apparently breeding in tall trees as no nests were taken although many birds were seen; also taken west ot the ^.agic CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 535 Pass in the Gold Range; occasional in woods at Sp-nce's Bridge and Kaniloops, also at Agassiz and Westminster Junction in 1889; abundant at Chilliwack; a few seen at McGuire's, and two observed' on the International Boundary at Huntingdon in 1901; a common summer resident throughout Vancouver Island. {Spreadborough ) Abundant summer resident everywhere. {Streator.) An abundant summer resident throughout the province ; breeds on Vancouver Island and mainland. {FaufUfi.) Common summer resident at Chdhwack. {Brooks.) Fairly abundant and uniformly distributed over the coasts, mainland and islands of British Columbia- {Rho{fds.) Breeding NoTES.-Mr. G. F. Dippie and myself have both received eggs and skins of this bird from Red Deer. Alta.; on June 3rd, 1898, Mr. Wenman found a nest on the Red Deer River, It contained four eggs and was built in a poplar five feet from the "- ' {iV.Raine.) ground MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Twenty-seven; one taken at Athabasca Landing, Atha., May .n 1888, by Mr.J. M. Macoun; three at Edmonton, Alta.,in May, 1897, one taken at Canmore, Rocky Mountains, May 2Sth, 1891, two at Banft, Rocky Mountains, June, 1891, four at Revelstoke, B.C.. in May, 1890, two at Deer Park,B.C., June, 1890, three at Trail, B.C., May and June, 1902, one at Spence's Bridge, B.C., May 31st, 1889, two at Agassiz, B.C.. May, 1889, five at Chilliwack, B.C., in May, 1901, two at Huntington, B.C., in September, 1901, and one at Comox, Vancouver Island, June 20th. 1893, all taken by Mr. Spreadborough. ^'08. Scarlet Tanager. Pinvigd crytliromctas Vieill. 1819. Afc'voccurin the spring in Nova Scotia. {Dozvns.) Avery rare summer resident in New Brunswick; has b,en taken at the Grand I-allsof theSt. John. {Chamberlain) A rare summer visitor at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. (/F. N. Moore) Taken atLorette; a_ rare summer visitor around Quebec. {Dionnc) A transient visitant, but common, around Montreal; I have not seen it in the autumn. {IVint/e) Moderately common summer resident at Ottawa. {Otiaivi Natm-aiist, Vol. V.) This handsome bird occasionally breeds near W I I 1 } if il ■■ ■ j 91 t ^1 . '^^^H \ ^^1 ^fl ■ 1 ;|^l 536 GEOLOOICAI. SUUVI'Y OF CANADA. H: Lansclowiu', Out., and I suppose in the county of Renfrew, where ] have seen it in summer ; I once found a nest in June, 1899, built in a bushy second growth maple about seven feet from the f,nound, not far from the Grand Trunk Railway at Lansdowne. (AV?'. C.y. Young.) A common summer resident in the districts of Tarry Souiul and Muskoka; breeds in hardwood bush. (/ H. I'lcntitig.) Not rare in AlRoncpiin Park, Ont. in summer. (S/>n<7(/- Iwroiigli.) A common summer resident in Midd'e ex and North Hruc'e, Ont. {IV. /i. Saunders.) l-'airly common summer resident at Guelph, Ont.; arrives about May 12th, leaves about September 15th. {A.B.K/iiglt.) A common and breedinj^ summer resident at Penetanyuishene, Ont. {A. F. Young.) Not uncommon in eastern Manitoba; known to breed on the shores of the south end of Lake Winnipet,^ has been seen as far west as Qu'Appelle in eastern Assiniboia. {Tliompson-Scton.) Brkkding Notes.— Nest at Ottawa on th.' hcMi/.ontal bough of a tree ; it is a, rather large affair, composed of twigs, fibres and rootlets, lined with fine grass. Iggs, 4, of a dull greenish blue, spotted with lilac and brown. {G. R. W liitc) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Four; two taken at Ottawa in May, 1888, by Prof. Mncoun; one taken in Algonquin Park, Out., May 31st, 1900, by Mr. Spread- borough; one taken at London, Ont., I\Liy 27th, 1888, by Mr. W. I^. Saunders. One set of four eggs taken north of Toronto, May 24th, 1S97, bv Mr. W. Raine. 010. Summer Tanager. Pivanga rubra (Linn.) Vieill. 1807. One or two specimens of this species have been taken in the spring in Nova Scotia. {Do2vns.) On the island of Grand Manan, N.B.;one specimen taken in May, 1881. {Batcluidcr.) A rare transient visitant in the district of Montreal. Mr. Kuetzing says eight examples of this species have been shot on the island of of Montreal. I believe I saw one at St. Bruno on May 25th, 1885, but it disappeared too quickly to be sure of it. {Wintle.) After many years lo >king for its occurence Mr.McIlwraith obtained one specimen near Hamilton in May, 1885. [See Birds of Ontario, , CATALonUH OF CANADIAN IJIRDS. 537 P'U't-" 335] A few specimens seen at Listowel, Perth Co., Ont in the spring of 1892. (JF. L. Kclls, in Trans. Can. Inst., Vol III' !>• 70.) MUSKUM SPECIMENS. One specimen taken at Scarboro' Heights near Toronto, bv Mr. Herring, in May, 1890. One set of four eggs taken at Chatham, Ont., July 1st, 1807 bv Mr, W. Raine. ^' ' Family XLV. HIRUNDINIDiE. Swallows. CCXV. PROGNE BoiE. 1826. <>ii. PurplG Martin. Prague suhis {\a^^) Haird. 1865. A very rare species in Newfoundland, only one shot at Daniel's Harbour. {Reeks) A few seen in the spring at Halifax, but more common at Windsor, N..S. {Do^vns.) Common at Truro and Amherst, N.S., in the spring of 1901. {C. R. Hark.) A few pairs breeding at Hrackley Point, Prince Edward Island, June, 1888. {Macoiin.) Uncommon summer resident at St. John, N.B., but quite common at Hampton and Westfleld. {Chamberlain) A tolerably common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moore) Observed at Point du Chene, N.B., where a colony occupied a martin's box in the village. {Brewster) A common summer resident around Quebec. {Dio?n,e) A common summer resident at Montreal; breeds in the city. {IVi/itle) A common summer resident at Ottawa. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. v.; This bird breeds readily in bird boxes placed against a house as well as under the eaves of buildings and similar places. It IS common in Leeds, Lanark and Renfrew counties, but seems to be decreasing in numbers. {Rev. C.J. Young) Reported as mcreasingly common at Bracebridge, and in the settled parts of Muskoka by Mr. Tavernier. (/ H. Fleming) A few breed in the cities, and an odd pair in some of the villa'^es around Guelph; arrives about May loth and leaves about August ist. {A. B. Klugh) A common summer resident at Penetanguishene, Ont. {A. A Young) Rare summer resident in Manitoba; breeding in pairs but seldom in numbers; have been taken breeding on Lake Mani- toba. {Thompson-Scton) I was rather surprised to f^nd martins A\ 53H GKOLOGICAL SURVF.Y OF CANADA. brecdiiifj at turtle Mountain, on the 49th paralUI, having observed none at PemlMna. {Coiws.) First seen at Indian Head, Assa.. May 24th, 1892, they soon become tolerably common and remain- ed, breeding in hollow trees; first arrivals at Medicine Hat, Assa., May i6th, 1894, breeding in the river valley in old trees; observed two at the crossing of the McLeod River, north of Edmonton.June 19, 1898; tolerably common in the streets at Victoria, Vancouver Island ; first seen May 8th '893 and on May 28th, 1887; observed several in the dead woods north of Peace River, near White Mud River, Lat. 56" 20' in June, 1903. {Spreadborough) Not uncommon but local near Prince Albert, Sask.; noted breeding every year in great numbers in the dead trees of a willow and poplar thicket among marshes. {Coubeaux) Only one specimen, a male taken at Victoria, being secured, it is difficult to state if it belongs to the eastern or western form. {Rhoads.) Common in the vicinity of Vancouver,B.C., and breeding in numbers in 1894. (/i- P- <^- White) Breeding Notes. -I observed this species June 29th, 1886, nestin" in the city, in a bird house placed on top of a pole erected on a shed in rear of St. Joseph Drug Hall, No. 2241, Notre Dame street, where they are said to breed twice a year, in the months of April'and June; I have not noticed the purple martin breeding in any other place within the city, but I dare say they do breed in other yards where they are encouraged to nest. {IVifitlc.) At Ottawa this species builds in holes in trees or in boxes in the city. The nest is composed of hay, straw, bits of twine and paper; lined with feathers; eggs, 4 or 5, pure, glossy white. {G. R. White) Breeds all over central and western Ontario, making its nests in holes underthe eaves of buildings; in northern Assiniboia it makes its nest in holes in trees like the tree swallow; nest taken at York- ton, Assa., June 1st, 1901; on this day I found a purple martin sitting on five eggs in a hole in an old stub five feet from the ground; the bird allowed me to lift her off the eggs and I threw her into the air and she flew away ; the following day I again found her sitting upon the eggs; later I found other nests around Crescent Lake. {W. Rainc) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. P^ive; one purchased with the Holman collection in 1885 ; one taken at Ottawa in May, 1888, by Prof. Macoun; one taken at Indian Head. Assa.. May 30th. 1892. and two at Medicine Hat, Assa., in May, 1894, by Mr. Spreadborough. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 535 CCXVI. PETROCHELIDON Caiunis. 1850. 012. Cliff Swallow. Pctrochdidon Innijrons (Say) Cassin. 1853. A rart« suninior niifrrant in Newfoinulland. {Recks.) Common summer resKlent at Halifax, N.S. (Do^.ns.) Common at Svcln.v. Cape nreton Island, brecxlin^r locally. {C. R. Hartc) Abundant July 1898, rather common, flying over the marshes at Bracklev Lomt.Ir.nceluKvard IslancI,July. 1888. {Macoun.) A common b. d on Pnnce Kd^vard Island; locally distributed and nesting in colonies under the eaves of barns and houses. {DunHtt) An abundant simimer resident in town and country in New Bruns- wick. iChamberlatn.) A summer resident at Scotch Lake, Yorj- Co N B. (IV. H. Moore.) I found a small colonv nesting under the eaves of a shed at Port Hawkesburv, Cape Breton Island. {Bmvster.) Taken at Ik-auport ; a common summe" resident around Quebec. (Dio^uu:) Common sumn.er resident at Montrea . Breeds on the Island of Montreal. Observed from April 19th to September 4th, 1893. {Wiiitle.) Common summer resident at Ottawa. (Ottawa Naturalist, Vol V.) Very common in all parts of eastern Ontario. (Rez' C. / Vo>o,g.) formerly abundant about London. Ont., but now "re- stricted and found on but xery few farms, though when protected as many as fifty pairs are yet known to breed on one barn. {W. h Saunders) Breeds in large colonies at a few barns in the v.cin.ty ot Guelph, Ont. Arrives about May isth, leaves about August 17th {A.B. Klugh.) An abundant' summer resident at 1 cnetanguishene, Ont. {A. F. Youmj) _ This is the most abundant, generally distributed and character- istic species o the swallow family throughout the region along he 49th parallel from Pembina to the Rocky Mountains The ay.ng season in this latitude is at its height'during the second and third weeks of June. {Coues.) Very abuncbnt summer res.dent in Manitoba; at Brandon, Fort Ellice and Shoal Lake, in 18S2, they were breeding in very large numbers, having placed 540 OEOLOOICAI, SURVEY ol' CANADA. ii their nests uiurm- the cavcs ami gables of barns and hciises. ( Thomp son - Scton . ) First observed at Indian Head, Assa., on May 24tli. 1892; they soon became common and bred in large numbers in suitable places; this species reached Medicine Hat, Assa., May 22nd, 1S94, and immediately began t.> build new and repair old nests; later they were found breeding under the i-aves of all the water tanks along the Canadian Tacific Railway between M.:dicine Hat and Moose Jaw; at Crane Lak(; they were particularly-abun- dant, building their nests in Ijundreds under the eaves of the farm buildings; no matter how often the nests were knocked down they were replaced by others; this species was seen in 1S93 from Old Wives' Lakes throughout the whole prairie region across Assinaboia bv Wood Mountain, Frenchman's River and the Cypress Hills; in Alberta it was abundant along Milk River, where it bred in large ccMiimunities, as well as along Spur Creek, Sage Creek and Many Berries Creek; a common species in the How valley nearly up to Banff in the Rocky Mountains; very abundant along the Peace River, Atha., in 1903; first seen at Edmonton, Alta., May 13th, 1897; common by the 21st, and building their nests by hundreds in the town ; saw a few nestuig in the cut banks of the rivers between Kdmonton and the Atha- basca River in June. 1S98. {Spreadhorough) A large number of old nests were noticed between Athabasca Landing and Lesser Slave River, Atha.. but no birds were seen; we were very likely too early in the season. (/. M. Maawn.) h'irst observed on May 30t'h, ic^oo, then in great numbers, building their nests in the'town of Prince Albert, Sask. {Coitbemix.) In the year 1S20 this species was discovered by Major Long near the Rocky Mountains, and in the same year Sir John Franklin's party, on the journey from Cun.berland House to Fort Enterprise, and on the banks of Point Lake in Lat. 65°, where its earliest arrival was noted, in the following year, to be June I2th. Its clustered nests are of frequent occurrence on the " barren grounds." and they are not uncommon throughout the the whole course of the Great Slave and Mackenzie rivers. {Richardson) North to Rat River on the Mackenzie ; common. {Ross ) In 1856 about one hundred and fifty nests of this species were built, for the first time, at Fort Good Hope, on the Mac- kenzie River, and in 1866 one was seen examining the eaves of CATALOOUE OF CANADIAN lUROS. 541 ho houses at l-„rt Andcr.,,,,, In,t it did not remain Thev owever brcx-d in lar,. numbers alon, th. banks of he I.I' hart an.l And<.rson rivers. ^Macfarlane.) This bir"^'verywhere in the interior; breeds {S^eoto.) I have only found this bird east of the Coas Ra.'e where n, some localities alon, the Cariboo roaVi is " e J a'^undant. yannin.) Rarc> at Chilliwack; may breed n he C^h Jlt'^' """T" '"' ''T ^"'^'"- J""^ '5th: at Cariboo h. small colony breedmjj on the cliffs of a small island in Ta,ish Lake. VVe next saw the species near Hootalinfrua River hdv 19th and from this point to Dawson in Lat. If ,5' we' quent y met w.th colonies of varyin, si.e. the largest bein, near Wh.tc R.ver. The.r nests were attached to cliffs borderin. the nver. e.xcept at Fort Selkirk where they were breeding un le eaves of houses. {Bishop.) ^ HR.KniNG NoTEs.-The nest of the cliff swallow is built of mud .uuhs shaped he a bottle with the neck downward; it is lined feathers, grass, leaves, string and bits of rag; etr^s a white sonf ted w.th reddish brown. ,G. R. White, At J^^htlt N.S..C buds were common on June 5th. and under the Chignecto Ship Canal power house were the remains of numv old nesl b U no new ones ; the watchman said they breed very e.aticali; Ime yeas HI large numbers, others not at all; there were no nest^ [..Kler the eaves of barns. {C. R. Harte.) A covered nest of nd -ned ms.de w.th grass and feathers, fixed on the outside wall o ba.ns and sheds just under the roof; nests taken at Ottawa and Lake Nom.mngue 100. m.les north of it ; a first sitting in May and a second in July m the usual procedure. (6Vmv?//.) MUSEUM SPKCIMKNS. .t^n^T^^T \^/'"''^'"^' ^'^'^ A^^-'- May 25th. ,894. three «•«.'•' ^^^'^'"^''»'"^' J""^ 19th. 1891. two at Spence's Hrulge. H.C.. ,n May, ,889. all by Mr. SpreacLrough ^ If 542 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. \iV P-i Five sets of eggs; two sets of four each taken at Skull Creek, Crane Lake, Assa., June 17th, 1894, by Mr. Spreaclborough ; one set of four taken at Port Hope, Out., May 30th, 1900, md another set of five taken at Rush Lake, Assa., June 30th, 1893, '>'>th by Mr. W. Raine; one i^et of four taken at I'ort Hope, Ont., June 1st, 1900, by Mr. W. H. Meeking. CCXVIL HIRUNDO Linn. 1758- (51 3. Barn Swallow. Iliniiuio eryihrogdster Bodd. 1783. Two specimens are known to have been obtained in Greenland; one at Fisken.-^s about 1830, the other at Nenortalik. {Arcl Man) Breeds at Northwest River at the head of HamUtcMi Inlet, Labra- dor {Packtmi.) A rare summer migrant at Cow Head, New- foundland. {Recks) Common summer resident throughout Nova Scotia {Downs) Two individuals seen on Sable Island, N.S., April 30th, 1902, and one Septcnnber i6th same year. {James Bot/faiiier) Verv common at Amherst, N.S., June 5th, 1901 ; there were plenty of old nests, but no new ones at that date. (C R Hartc) Rather common on Cape Breton Island, 189b ; common at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (J W..) Abundant and generall>- distributed on Prince Edward Island (Dwidit ) Common summer resident through the country around St John N.B. {Chamberlain) Rare in the Restigouche valley, NB {Brittain & Cox.) Common summer resident at Scotch Lake York Co , N.B. {\V. H. Moore) Taken at Beauport; com- mon 'summer resident around Quebec. {Dionne) A common summer resident at Montreal; breeds on the Island of Montreal; observed here from May 19th to August 20th. {Wintle) A common and abundant summer resident at Ottawa. (Oifawa naturalist. Vol. V.) Very ccimmon in eastern Ontario. {Rev C J. Youm:) An abundant summer resident in the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. (/. //. Fleming) Common in Algonquin Pirk Ont • a pair built in the boat-house at Cache Lake, eggs hatched on June i6th, 1900. {Spreadborough) Common summer resident at Guelph, Ont.; arrives about April 20th, leaves about September 5th. (A.B.Klngli) An abundant summer resident at Penetanguishene,Ont. {A.F.Yomi) On the morning of August 13. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS 543 lowing the ;urse of the "r 7 '^"' '^"^ '"■^'"^^'>' ^^en fol- this bird nf P..n,k- u ; ™^'^-) ^ have no note of seeing Rocky M::,:.::r(S:.VAr'':r,' '"'!'"• """^'° *' but breeding we«t „f A summer visrtant in Manitoba ancU nt=7 , '"""'^ '" '" "'^ "^''"^ "f the Cypress H lis o d ZXZ 'ctTjr'" ""'" •" »" °"> ^^-"^ i' -sac St. Mar/s Ri4r Iml I "^^ 7''' "'"™°" "'""^ ^ilk River, Mon„tafn:Ar:bstts it^trnrad'^vcr stf Ltt i«7 "srarr .^^rrojHir^rc' ,^-""- ward to Crows Nest Pass in uly and AuJuT ,8o ^'-^ '°''"" 'peaes at Banff, Rocky Mountains breedfng in tt arnTZ outhouses in the village in lune iSm • . , ^"^' vallev excent nn th! ! ^ ' "°* '*'^" '" ^^e Columbia ^d^ey except on the mountains on the west sirip nf Pac= r i i«C :- pS: ^^"^'^"^-^ con,n,onrKt,:;::s e^S ^.er function, ^:::^-^u:s:^z:::: ^^"niy'-'s^- abundant at Chilliwack in the snrin.r of ,1, , "' H..n.in,ton, on the .nternationa,'^B:t,nl rv'" 1 le IIS" a" il GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. thpCoist Ranee (Lord.) Common everywhere; breeds (S/z-.^^j^r.) I„ the Northwest Territories, where the habi'fo-^.o' ■;';';"': few and far between, it inhabits >=-"• P^'"-'"'V"he t- iTng 1 = nnrl it -ilso freciuents the outhouses of the tiacnng r: ™W 'enFo F rnkUn^as erected.on the shores of Great Bear Lake in the autumn of ,825, we found many nests ,n he ,7ul«. that had been abandoned (or more than ten yea s. A;'f:« Ch we an in Laf 59'^ the barn swallows arrive regulariy flout May .Jthfand we observed them in the same month at For G^>o'l Ho'pe, on the Mackenzie Rner, ,n Lat^ 67/, • IKirlmrdion^ North to Fort Resolution on Great Save Lake, ^r^e t ) A few barn swallows were always found about the numerourdeserted Indian villa.es and their nests were frequently noticed on the big cedar beams which are '"« ''anrework of J Haida houses on Queen Charlotte Islands. (Os,fwrf.) This bird "he most common and widely distributed species of the swal- lows throughout the north. In Alaska it is found along the south albeit, extending thence over nearly the -tire Aleut.a, u • onrl north alone the coast of the mamland to KotzeDuc Sound ndhncet:t' throughout the territory wherever su,^ rs^;z=a,<:rih/^^?ft^r{irvr x--:::^^^s:>ra:^-^^K^^^ Alaska- the species was seen on the upper Kowak and in the .ufth.t river in Tune iGrinvell) This bird arrives at sf ;i:hall aL:t Ju:: alTIs sion as the^ound is thawed begins to build. {Turner.) Breeding NoTES.-The nest of this species is built of mud mixed with hay or straw and lined with fine grass and a thick bed of feathers. Eggs 5, white, spotted with -dcl.h-brown^ ^^^^^ White.) Not nearly so plentiful .t Scotch Y^'""JZ.Z\ Alwavs building inside buildings, ^ggs. ^^i" ^ to 6 placecl in a soft feather-lined nest of mud and hay. Some pairs raise two broods in one season in the same nest. One pair abandoned th. « CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS that the swallows nestedin th de LrtedTsJ ' '", ■"--"-•- hen- n.ud nests against the sides n a' e^^^^^^^^^^ building I found a barn swallow's nest built on .K •^"'^' ''^' '^99, -all river stealer, stranded at the sde of M" '" ^'?^"^^' °^ ^ nest was constructed as usmi nf 7 ^""°" ^"'^^t. The vvith a lining of finer gras^n la a?.e"'" ^^ -"^ and grasses feathers aln.ost bu-yin^ I^'f; ^^^^l^^' «/ white ptarn^igan and attached to the Lll or to'tte rafSfof ^"^^ "'''^"^ hn.ld.ngs; or round and placed on the b" am t".' '"' °^'^^'' of mud arranged in small pellets forn .W . ^^^^ '""'^ "^^^'^ have a lining of feathers and ha r?' 'I" "•"'^' ^'''^ ^'"^^^''^"^ Ottawa and at Lake Non ling e on"' •' "' '^^^ '" ^'^^ ^^^ ^^ and July. (Gar.,a^,.) ^"'' '°° '"'^^^ ""'-^"^ of it. in June MUSEUM SPECIMENS -^«C., in May, ,88,^ ,, T s;;e'a",*C'' '"" '^ ^' ^^^^- 613«. Alaskan Barn Swallow. A few barn swallows were flying n^^lu^""^^' '^^9- Inlet. June ist, i8oq- I hea d tlT^ """ ""^''^^^ «f Chilcat Cityjune9th;and'u;sartlt^^^^^^^^ ^^^r" ^t White Pass summit. June loth; at Log Cabin thev "^'"^^ "' ^'^'*^ ^^^^ a few were noticed at Lake RentTtT"""""'-^"^^ seen to this sub-species becans. IT'."^^^ '^~''''- ^ '^^^' all (^-/-A) Walking along the h,'' '^^ --arkably long uils. -May .8th, 1890. with' M^. 'e "l :i^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ skimmmg along the edge of the rUfT?.' "^^ '^^ a swallow Harm sun had enticed from L "'^'^'"^ ^^e flies which the afterwards it flew ju ove, ?' heaT".'? '' ^'^ ^^^'^^^ Shortly ^he village. Drs. Noyes and Heref Tu '"^""^ ^^^ '^^-es of than ten years on the'^i^land. lltT;Z\l''r '''' ^^^"^ ^^^ known there, but later in the e! r u^'^ ' '^^"^^ ^as un- -owing them the bird J: Z^^;:^ f^thV^cli.^^^r^""''^^ " 9/^ ^ ^"e ciirr , It remamed I 546 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. on Black Bluff, St. Paul, 1 ^^^^^^r,'' ,. j f^undanest at Una- Itrlfel^-^ -cured .h. a. v ^ /^^r/^.) Rather resident at Sydney, CapeBreonllan^^ ^ )^^ ^ ^^^^ common in many part of Cape ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^333 ^j,j,. mon at Brackley Point, Pimce ^^^^^^^^ woodoecker holes and ..„„., Fairly con^on -';"^^„ j-.^jt; w e'nds of rails con,- clearings, crevices about barns ana t Edward Island, posing the ^ig-zag fences so "-";°" °" f ""^^^ *^'^^ («„„,,,. (DwMit.) Common summer res dent at it. John, iN^i, v to ) A tolerably common resident at Scotch Lake, York Co NB (W. H. Moore:) Rare in the Rest.gouche valley N.B. on Teen int. e vicinity of settlements (BnUa,"e,Oo'^ O^ ,.h two were seen at F« «y^; f 'X»' ) An abu^dLrt sum- from April 7th to September 13th. {Wmth .) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. t.j A^.tXvorvw"'"' ""'""'■ ^-'^'-^ ^t Ottawa. (Ot^au^a Naurahst Vol V.) Very common m eastern Ontario; this species s the first swallow to arrive in the spring and consequently ^bein. esid::: -fth" ^^^^^•- ^^-- ^- •/• ^-^•) Abunlnt s'umm:? resident m the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts; I have met with them nesting in deserted woodpecker holes. (/. // pieJlT) Two pa.rs were breeding at Cdche Lake. Algonquin IVlfSnHn ^Z.\T\r P"-'" "^"'' -oodpeckePs nest in a te eg^^aph po e, the other pair m a hole in a tree on the shore of the lake a few observed on Moose River ; common at Moose Factory' James Bay ; none seen further north. {Spreadborough.) Forn erlv quite common at London. Ont., but now much lesf so . ^uZ t numerous in north Bruce as near London ; although thi bird departs from the vicinity of London about August 20th to 2Sth yet on September 3oth. 1900, I saw about 50 circling over the marshes at Point Pelee. so that it evidently 'travels very sloX or the first stage of its journey. (W. E Saunders.) Common summer resident at Guelph, Ont.; arrives about April MtHnd ReTKiv T^"'"^l''^'- ^^■^■^^"^^^■) A few seen o'n lower Red Ruei, June 15th. 1901, and two at Norway House. June loth- common between Norway House and Oxford House indriany he w2"s ed " t'" '"^^r^ ^°'^^ «^ woodpeckers, in trees at the vvatei. edge, June 23rd to 30th ; common also at Oxford House and noted on Steel Rive, July gth; on our return through their haunts early in September we saw none. (E. A P ^bT) York Pactory, Hudson Bav. {Dr. R. Bell.) ^- ^ eoies.) bre?dLln"""'.r' ^T'^'""\°" '"^^ 49th parallel where it was l^reed.ng m small numbers about the fort. {Coue..) Common to\\h,te Horse Hill; found a large col.my of white-breasted swallows nesting in old woodpecker's holes, wfth which the timber s nddled; this ,s the largest colony I have seen ; it numbers per- haps 20 pairs; nearly all of these settlements that I have noted have been close to a sheet of water. {rhompson-Sefon.) First Ma:i^t"; r'' ^P/-' «^h, 1892 ; they belme comL ; 'nd nn^ ; Z\ ■'' ^P^'^'"^^^"^ ^b^^'ved at Crane Lake in 1894 Watetonl . f'"' ""n' ' ' ''^ ^P^<^''"^- ^^^ observed at d from th "• .f ^^ r ^'^•^^ ^°""^-" '" August. 1895; observ- ed from the mouth of Lesser Slave River to Peace River Landing, 548 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. H .' ' Lat 56° 15', June, 1903; first seen ac Edmonton, Alta., April 30th, 1897, breeding in trees late in May. found a nest in a hole in a balsam poplar stub about 12 feet from the ground; nest made of a little fine grass, lined with feathers; seen from Edmonton to Jasper House, breeding in holes in trees in June, 1898. {^Spread- borough^ Abundant every year and breeding in great numbers through- out southern Sa.-' .-. V— .n. {^oubeaux) While on a moose hunt, about 20 mile Chemawawin, I saw apparently thou- sands of these birds . . a few dead trees standing out in the marsh. Some of those trees were so crowded by the perching swallows that there seemed literally to be no more room. {Nutting) A few specimens were seen between Athabasca Landing and Lesser Slave River; a few individuals at north end of Methye Portage; about half a dozen birds on Isle a la Crosse Lake. (/ . M. Macoun.) This neat and handsome bird frequents the wooded districts up to Lat 60°, making its nest of dried grass and feathers in hollow trees {Richardson.) North to Fort Good Hope, Mackenzie River {Ross:) Breeding in trees at Canmore, within the Rocky Mountains, in June, 1891; not uncommon at Revelstoke, on the Columbia, B.C., in April, 1890; breeding in the old trees in the river valley; common and breeding at Trail and Penticton, B.C.. in June. 1902 and 1903; common at Kamloops and Spence s Bridge, Agassiz and Hastings, Burrard Inlet, B.C., 1889; abun- dant at ChiUiwack, B.C., in spring, nesting in holes in trees. {Spreadborough.) More common east than west of Coast Range. {Lord > Common summer resident in the coast region; breeds. {Streraor.) Province U large; abundant. {Fmimn.) Abundant summer resident at Chilliwack.B.C. {Brooks.) Uniformly abundant throughout British Columbia up to 5,000 feet. {Rhoads.) Com- mon at Donald, B.C.; and at Vancouver and Victoria in 1894. {E. F. G. White) Breeding commonly in old woodpecker holes in the tall dead firs at the foot of the mountain back of Sitka, Alaska. {Gnnnell.) I saw several at Skagway, May 31st, and over the Chilcat marshes Tune 1st Others were seen at Cariboo Crossing, B.C.; others at Lake Marsh and several at Miles Canon; others again at Fort Selkirk, Yukon district, entering an old dead tree. (5w//f^/.) 1 his species has even a wider range than the barn swallow though not breeding so far to the north owing to its nesting in holes m ■n CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 549 banks and ,n trees. (Ne.'son.) On several occasions I saw this swal ow fl.tt.ng about the buildings at St. Michael during he months of August and early September. {nr»er.) it flLTtT ''T"'~^''' r''^" disappearance of a swallow as .t alighted on a fence was almost startling until I learned that in some deep hollow decayed out of the heart of an unspHt rlil was lodge the b.rds that were sometimes out of arm's reach but several nests examined the last week in June contained young 7?w/.^r'%. ' '^'' T'''' "^^^'"^ '■" ^"^h a locatior> before (nzvt^/U.) Th.s speces builds its nest generally in holes in trees ioto30 eet from the ground. The nest is made of Vne sof (g'r m^7/''' M^''^'' ^"' '°-"- E^^^ 5, pure l^^l. {G. Ji. W/ntc.) From May to July is the nesting time for this pec.es at Scotch Lake, N.B. The nests are placed in hoi ow fence poles or >n old woodpecker nests. The nests are beaut^ fully made of feathers and contain from 3 to 6 eggs When the nest .s ma hollow pole the sitting bird has a wav of spread ng he nVs: t'lhT ' '^V^-^''"'^^^ ^how, when a person looks in af he nest so that sometimes a person cannot tell if the bird be on unt"?n aT'\ ^r ''•/^''"•^ ^ "^^^ ^' ^-- -d feathers bmltm a deserted woodpecker's nest; it maybe in any hole in t.ee or fence post around Ottawa where they breed in Tun^ers The four or five eggs are laid in May and June. {Garneau.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Thirteen ; two taken at Ottawa in May. 1888, by Prof. Macoun- one taken at Athabasca Landing, Atha., May .4th, 1888 bTMr.' J. M. Macoun; two taken at Indian Head, Assa., in Ma^, 1802 • wo at Edmonton, Alta May loth, 1897, four at Revelstok , RC.,' VoTLTZ" f '^^'""' ^•^•' ^''^ '7iK I889,and one a fort Moody, B.C., Apnl 29th, 1889, all by Mr. Spreadborough ,« u 'T. ""^ '^^'' °"^ ""^ ''^ *^'^^" ^t Wolfville, N.S., June ah 615. Violet-green Swallow. Tachycineta thalassina lepida (Mearns) A.O.U. Comm 1902 Observed only on one occasion, June 26th, 1874, on the upper M.ssoun, near Quakmg Ash River. ^Coues.^ A common species \ ;^H bB ^■ffJl^ 9 Ill MUSFXIM Sl'KClMKNS. riiirtoon; iouf taken at Door Tark, ColumlMa River, H.C., in Juno. 1890. one at Revelstoke. H.C., May ^sth.iScp.fouv at Spence s Hiidge. B.C., in May, iSSg.anU tour at Victoria, Vancouver Island. April and May. 1893, all by Mr. Spreadboroui>h. >:ATAl.()(iUI': ()|.- CANAIJIAN IIIKDS. CCXIX, RIPARIA I'oRHTKR. i«i7. 55' ima ripurid (I.inn.^ Siiaki- K' VVvait. [«(>j. A pair said to liavi; In-cn seen on Melville Island, June ytli, 1S20. l/y I'ariy. (Arct. Man.) Aiidulx.n stal(;s thai it rarely lu-^fins to breed before June and lays only once; said to be plen- tiful on the south shore of Labrador. {^Hackard.) Not common- biit few seen lhrou>,dioiit the trip from Moose l-'aetory across Un|,'ava (.) th<> forks of the Kol/c. (Recks.) Not found at Halifax, N.S., but plentiful about the shores of the i{ay of iMmdy. {lowns) Not rare in certain localities alonj^r llras d'Or, Cape Hreton Island, 1H9H; rather common at Hrackley I'oint, Prince lulward Island. July, iH8«. {Macoun.) I perhaps K-'y - J-e, ^lopes of S<,„aw M„.,: „' e'„trT„'",V.",J'\-™°"" "" '^"^ "ifoimed n,e he hail .„.v,.„l ,.'""" '" ""- Rock,es; my guide "ffnedhiu, a K„od' ie/t ""Vr '" '"" '■^'-■" J-V i I Micceeded i„ fi,tli„„ T est an If' '''''" i""' '"^' '""'«'' '»= "«t is co„,p„sed of fine lbs ,Z "'"", °" •'"'" ^"'"^ "*53. this ^:-s::::i;::;^;;-f'^-'-^^^'^°""^^^ ■ 'o-v .p,„ee t,.ee, ::^i:::i:z:T;u?z::"'::,!^ Zj^ "' - MUSEUM SPECIMENS. len specimens; three taken at Canmore Rockv \r .■ • June, i.S.Sc bv Pi-nf \rn, ,■ ^"'""ort, Koek}' Mountams in ;^ 5, b> ,ot. Macoun; lour taken at Banff, Rocky Moun- SI Hi 560 Grcoi.or.iCAi, sukvhy of Canada. tains ami two at Medicine Hat. Assa., by Mr. Spivadboroiigh ; one at Hurrard Inlet. l?.C.,by Mr. John Fannin. 619. Cedar Waxwins;, Cherry Bird. Amf^iiis ccdrorum (Vikill.) Gray. 1846. One specinuMi obtained Aufrust 26th, 1S60. at Moose Factory by Ure.xler. '^Packard>) Saw a flock of about 30 on Moose River June 2nd. 1896; common at Moose F\ictory. June 13th; none observed further north. {Spreadhorough) A common sum- mer resident at Sydney, Cape Hreton Island, N.S. (6. ^- ^^f] Common summer' resident at Halifax, N.S. {I)cm>„s.) A flock of ten seen in Amherst. N.S., March 1st, 1899- {Morn'/l.) A small flock ct these birds reached Sable Island, N.S., June 7th, 1902, and an- other in September of the same year. {J^mus Bo,dcd/uT.) S^cn at Mount Stewart. Prince Fdward Island.July nth, 1888. (ALu-o^ni.) Sern now and again on Prince Edward Island, but not common. A few observed at Baddeck, Cape Breton Island. (/;«v^//A A common summer resident at St. John. N.B. (a.^////;.r^«'^) Tolerably common summer resident at Scotch Lake. \ ork Co., NB- nesting in orchards and conifers. {IV. H. Moon:) Rare at" Lake Mistassini. Que. (/. M. Macom,.) Common in burnt places. Restigouche valley, N.B. {BHn.m Sr Cox.) A common summer resident around Quebec. (Z?/c;/-«..) Permanent resident and abundant at Montreal. Breeds in the city and in Mount Royal park. I have found their nests with eggs from June 13th to Au-ust 27th. During the winter months flocks of these birds appear in the cify to feed on the berries of the mountam ash trees. {IVvith:) Common summer resident at Ottawa. {OUaxua NotimUist. Vol V) A common species along the St. Lawrence below Kin-ston, Ont. {Rcik C.J. Young) A common summer resident in the districts of Parrv Sound and Muskoka. Usually nesting along the banks of sireams. (/ H. Fleming.) Abundant at Cache Lake, Algonquin Park, Ont. {Spreadborongh.) Common but very erratic around London. Ont. Sometimes seen in winter, and more often in flocks in early spring but the breeclers arrive here about May 6th. This is an average date of arrival tor 13 years Seems to hold its own in spite of its frequent fate at th.; hands of the owners of stolen cherries. {\V. E. Saunders) Com- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 551 r.ion summer resident at GiK-lnh (^n*^ a • the Rocky Mountains ^6WM ' \"^ •'''"''.'^"'•"^'y abundant m ti-y b,..d here; apparently it^:,^'' ouVwi':" c"'?"' June, ,895; seen i„ ,„„„bers at Waterto L.LtZ '" qnite comn,on al„„^- Peace River I ,r r,o , , '■™'' y^r; ^ r, June 2/tti, 1S97, common at Crow's Nest Pn«s fi, same year; a common breeding, species a K.V o , Mountains, in June. 1891; abundant at Dee Pa , .,k f 'k ""^"'-^ the Columbia, in June iSoo nniw ^ ''''' ^ '^'.'^ •^"^' ^^obson, on Jnne 30.,, ; e,.„,„,„./ .^ ^Si.'Sll, Mr^^H "Lrattpt:" Hn. ge: one pair .,ee„ at Kan.loops, June ,m ml !. ' ocks n, the fall feedingo,, the frnircif blad< e 'er a dt o™ '" Hunt,„gto„, on the International lionndarv B C Jom ,1 the summer of iSg! not more th-,„ , ,1 ^' ' ' ''"""^ »l«ies were seen o'nVar^verTshlr "'"""""" °' "''^ -dComox. (S^.r.,J:^:;" '"'""• "'-'^- ""^' a. Victoria -■> nesting a, Chen,awf.:::'";„;;' c ^;, Str'oV thf S '' t 'I' hewan. Nest well made of rather coarse twi'gs (^„X'" ^"- -en near Gros Roche Portage, Clearwater River Lary"- "des. ,tself. Comn.on ,n places between Methye Lake\ nd 562 GEOLOGICAL SURVKY OI< CANADA. Isle h la Crosse. (/. M. M^tcoi/n) This speeies is more southern in its habits than the Bohemian chatterer, and iloes not pass north of Lat. 54 ^ as far as my observations ^o- Mr. Drummoncl obtained specimens on the Saskatchewan plains on 2;th June, 1827 (Riclumhon) Common on Vancouver Island and along the Fraser and Columbia rivers. {Lord.) Common wherever there is an abundant food supply; breeds. {Strcotor.) A com- mon summer resident throut,diout the province. {J'annv,.) iol- erablv common summer resident at Chilliwack. Not observx-d at K8-Mile House, B.C., but found breeding at Quesnel, further to the north, where it evidently laid its eggs later than the larger species {Brooks.) A common species in British Columbia, and as erratic in presence and abundance as its eastern ;^^>';";r'P;'',^- {Rlnuids.) Large flocks were seen at Seymour Creek, B.C., Juy nth, 1891; other large flocks on Sumas praine, Octob, r 10th, ,894, and others again on Sea Island in the Fraser River, B.C. {E. ! . G. White.) Breeding Notes.- 1 have often seen the nest in an apple tree in an orchard, occasionally in a hemlock, and frequently in a voung maple; it is not usually built very high up in the fee, gen- erally from 10 to .5 i^'^-t, but I have seen it as low down as f^ve feet and as high as twenty. This bird is, with the exception of the goldfinch and the field sparrow, our latest builder; I have seen the nest with fresh eggs late in July, and never earlier than the 18th of June; It is builf of straws, grass stalks and wood, and lined with hair and feathers; in this respect it presented a marked contrast to the nest I found at Charleston Lake, Leeds Co., and from the size of the eggs and location attributed to the last species; eggs of the cedar bird vary considerably. {Kcv. C. J. Young?) At Ottawa this species builds in bushes or trees, generally in a crotch or saddled on a limb, a nest composed of twigs, bark, leaves and rootlets; lined with fine grass, hair and wool; eggs 4, slate blue, spotted and blotched with brownish-black. {G. A. nintc.) Nests built in all kinds of trees, never very high up, and made ot various materials, such as twigs, grasses, rootlets, leaves plant- down, wool and hairs ; four to six eggs are laid in June, July and August, near Ottawa and at Lake Nominingue 100 miles north ot it. {Gar III- (7 It.) 5 ( CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 563 MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Thirteen; two taken at Ottawa by Mr. G. R. White- one it Of tawa by Prof. Macoun; one at London, Ont., by Mr VV F Sau.?d ers; one at Carberry, Manitoba, by Mr. K. Thompson-Seton ; one 7Vil b'^ r ' f?"' '"'T ''' «''^"^- ^^-^y Mountains, o;,e a iVr nf •' T : P""'" ' ^•■'^'^'^'' "-C- ^'"^1 two at Huntington B.C., all by Mr. Spreadborough. ^'''gcon. One set of four eggs taken at Ottawa, Ont. Family XLVII. LANIID^. Shrikes. CCXXII. LANIUS LiNNVKus. 175S. . Migrant Shrike. Lnniiis liidovtci(Viiis >nigrtivs Palmek. l8,)S. A rare summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co , N.B.; it bred here in 19C0; have seen five young with one pair of adults. (/r. //. Aloorc.) Tiiis biid is sometimes seen in Quebec. {I ioiiite.) A common summer resident at Montreal; breeds within the city limits. {W'intle.) A rare summer resident at Ottawa. {Ottaiva Naturalist, Vol. V.) This bird appears to be more com- mon or at any rate has been noticed more during the last two years in the neighbourhood of Ottawa. During August and Sept- ember, 1903, I saw several pairs and their young in March town- shij). and saw one pair building their nest near Jane\'ille on the CATALOGUE ok CANADIAN niRDS. 567 strong plnaxl from fiv.- ,0 tc„ feet fm. .'J , .^'''^'^ •■""' i>u. less o ;„.. uiil^^ :^^ ff' ;'"•' ""'."""' '" ''"•""■' >•-" .l>ree years N^ii^^e o;;,' rH^Z;" J'""''"' '?' "'^- '-' Marc,, .«.„, , ,1.,, i?.„f;-: -y -ce; -;ves „„„. :: h ^r:.,f ',:r.:'r st::""'"« .--"■ >- ^ ''-" ^,,.1 ;; --1 aN.n,.,e .He ^ailroaculr^'^Uat', ^-K":;,!^;:';,;: June 6th iSoF M,- j ,. ^ ,"'"^^''^""gS-^' '"ci'ljatcd. and jimeotn, 1.^91, Ml. In^Us foiiiul two fresh efftrs of Mi;cK;.i • eistern f^n^n • T ^ common species of shrike in eastern Ontario, f.,.- the most part keeping aloni the St I .« appai^ntly not ,oin, further north th^n'h Z, -tf/ " n^^ ^ountv. It IS a summer migrant arriving early in Anril T h seen It as early as the 4th and commonly by I e th ^th ' n T'-' commenced about the end of April and "usu^ircon'tti^s't^rcon;! ■1 I (iKOLOniCAI. SUkVKY UI- CANADA. 568 pli-mi'nt of «"KKsby the first week in May troyecl a second nest is built and v^^a are laid towards the end of May; I have frequently nu If the first nest is des- aboiit Lansdowne, Ont., on Ki iiLf^ton; one nest t with the nests; they are common Wolfe Island and in the vici.iity of 1 found built in a thorn bush about three feet from the ground, was completed on 2(jth April; on the 4th May it contained five eggs, speckled and zoned and smaller than th< eggs of L.borcaHs. The old birds were ve behave in the same w.iv as rv tame and diil not those of tin- other species, which latter kept far off and perched high up in thi- trees; there were no large trees near this nest May 6th, a n(;sl in a similar location contain- ing four fresh eggs ; birds were vt preach within a few feet; April 3rd. 1890, I saw a pair of mig ry tame, allowing of m\' ap- f mi rant shrikes, ant I on the iSth founti the nest in a thorn bush, containing seven eggs; on the 7th May found another nest with five eggs, incubated, built so low in the thorn bush that 1 could look into it when standing on the ground. y\pril uSth, 1S92, I found a migrant shrike's nest in a thorn bush in a pasture field, which on the 29th contained six eggs; May 2nd, 1898, found a migrant shrike's nest in a thorn April 6th, 1899, I saw a pair of migrant shrikes, ant bush with six fresh eggs their nest on the 29th April with six eggs, built as usual in a thorn tree in a pasture field and no great height from the ground ; I could refer to perhaps twenty other instances of this birtl breeding as above in thorn bushes in pasture ficltls the last week of Aprd or first week in May. {Rev. C.J. Young:) This birtl begins its nest artxind Ottawa in April and lays five, six or seven eggs; this nest is built in thorn trees or bushes from four to ten feet high, and is composed of branches, rootlets and strings, with woolly lining uni tetl to feathers antl hairs. {Garncau.) M MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Three specimens; one taken at Scotch Lake, N.B.byMr. W.H. Moore, in 1902; two at Ottawa, April 2lst, 1902, by Mr. E. F. G. White. One set of seven eggs taken at Port Hope, Ont., by Mr. W. H. Meeking. Nest in a thorn bush 5>4 feet from the ground, com- posed of rootlets, grass antl hairs. CATALOGUH OF CANADIAN UIKUS. 5(50 <»ii-'<«. White-rumped Shrike. f^»nns ludovuianus cxcubitorUis (Swains.) Couks. 1S72 This is tlu-duiac:tcTist,V s,H-cics of th<- whole region alonjf the 4)th parallel from l'en,bi„a to the Rocky Mountains. At t" rtk Mc.untani 24. Red-eyed Vireo. Vireo olivacetis (Linn.) Bonap. 1826. One specimen received in Copenhagen from Greenland in 1844. {Arct. Man.) Very abundant all down the Moose River; not observed further north than Moose Factory. {Spreadboron^h) A common summer resident at Halifax, N.S. {Dotvns.) One individual seen on Sable Island, N. S., on September 30th, and one on October 8th, 1902. {fames Bouteillier.) Many old nests noticed at Sydney, Cape Breton Island. First seen . May i8th, 1902. {C. R. Harte^ Observed at Baddeck and Mar- garee, Cape Breton Island, July, 1898 ; in woods. Union Road, Prince Edward Island, July 5th, 1888. {Macoun) A common and in a few localities abundant bird, here as elsewhere a tireless songster. It prefers deciduous trees, particularly hrge maples. {Dtvight.) Common summer resident in the jnter'or of New Brunswick, but only seen at St. John in the migratioi.s. {Chajn- berlain) Common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. \w. H. Moore?) Common in Restigouche valley, N.B. {Brittain &■ Cox.) Taken at Beauport; not rare around Quebec. {Dioiiue.) An abundant summer resident around Montreal. Breeds in the city and in Mount Royal park; I have found nests . from June 6th to August 13th, and observed them here from ' May nth to October 6th. {Wintle.) A common and abundant summer resident around Ottawa. {Cttaiva NaUirr.list, Vol. V.) A common summer resident in eastern Ontario. {Rev. C. J. Young.) A very common summer resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts of Ontario. (/. H. I'leining.) Abundant everywhere in Algonquin Park, Ont.; a pair nested in a mountain ash near the buildings at Cache Lake; the nest is made chiefly of birch bark. I watched them building, they always stopped work as soon as the sun was well up. It seemed to get too warm for them as the tree was in the open; very abundant all down the Moose River; not observed further north than Moose Factory. {Spreadborough.) Very common summer resident at Guelph, Ont. Arrives about May loth and leaves about September 23rd. {A. B. Klugh.) A common sum- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS „, the Clearwater to Methye Po^t.te ! ""■'^'' '"T"" "P Methye Lake and Isle a la Cro' e '(/ MZ^Zrrl'''''''^ was shot at Cumberland House on the tTTT'^ '^^''^' the nest had three of its own and one cowbTrl's ^'"^""''' from Lesser Slave Lake to Peace R^ve.- I r"^^' '°"''"°" i-ajs.1. lu i eace Kiver Landing-, Lat cfi° if' Jr. June ,903; co„,„,o„ from Edmonton eo Ath ,bl •, P also ,„ the valley of McLennan River, K C , „ ,^„s i seen m the Crow's Nest P;,« t, 1 .u •' ' '^^S ; Banff, Rocky Mouuat in I ' ^ I,T' I-"'"" '"'""' "' valley; bre«Lg i„ .he Coll irRive? kl evtl.: "' ,''"' ■850, nest in the fork of a tall shrub \nZ r '" '"""' Internationa, fionnciary, between T 'a TKe.rZrTc "" fe rucr latei in the summer. {Spycadborough.) % 572 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Common at Ashcroft and abundant at Ducks. {Streator.) The most abundant vireo both east and west of the Coast Range in B.C. {Brooks.) East of the Coast Range this species is com- monly distributed, and a few were found at Lake La Hache, B.C. {Rhoads.) Breeding Notes.— A nest taken by me was a neat cup sus- pended by the brim in the embrace of a forked twig. It was built of strips of bark, pine needles, pieces of wasp's nests and paper. Apparently agglutinated with the saliva of the bird, and lined with grass. Eggs 3 to 5, pure white, marked with fine dark reddish-brown spots toward the larger end. {G. R. White.) This species lays two or three eggs during June in its swinging nest which is generallv placed in a sapling maple. A few nests have been found in conifers. {W.H.Moore.) This species builds a suspended nest, cup-shaped, the brim attached to a small hori- zontal fork at the end of a branch, from two to thirty feet from the ground, The nest is made of strips of thin flexible bark, the outside ornamented with the white bark of the birch, and the inside lined with hair-like roots, fine leaves or very small twigs. Nesting season in June. Three or four eggs are laid. Nests taken at Ottawa and at Lake Nom'iningue lOO miles north of Ottawa. {Gariieau.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seventeen; one purchased with the Holman collection in 1885; five taken at Ottawa by Prof. Macoun; two taken at Ottawa by Dr. F. A. Saunders in August, 1890; one taken at London, Ont.. on May I2th, 1885, by Mr. W. E. Saunders; one taken at Banff, Rocky Mountains. June i8th, 1891, two at. Edmonton, Alta., May 2lst, 1897, one at Robson, B.C., June 20th, iS90,two at Trail, B.C., June, 1902, one at Kamloops, B.C.. June 19th, 1889, and one at Chilliwack, B.C., May 2nd, 1901, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. Three sets of eggs; one of four eggs, taken at Edmonton, Alta., June 3rd, 1897. one of four eggs at Trail, B.C., June I2th, 1902, both by Mr. W. Spreadborough; one of three eggs at Robson, B.C., June 24th, 1890, by Prof. Macoun. 625. Yellow-Green Vireo. Vireo flavoviridis (Cass.) Baird. 1858. One specimen of this species was taken at Godbout in May 1883, by Mr. Comeau. (Dioiiuc.) 573 (526 CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. Philadelphia Vireo. yino philade/p/iiats {Cass) Baird. 1858. One individual obtained from Moose Factory, James Bay Jumc ^nd, I860, by Drexler. {Packard.) A rar. summer visitor around Ottawa. {O/iawaAa/i^ra/isi, Vol V.) ] ave met with this bird two or three times. Once L found the n ^ close to Lansdowne station in Leeds Co., Ont. This was in Ji. , ,896. It was built in a bush of Sptrcea salicifolia, was prehensile ,,k-e the other vireo's but not so neatly or closely constructed. It contained one vireo's egg and two cowbird's. The egg is identical with, but smaller than that of the red-eyed. This nest was in a damp pasture f^eld vvhere there were swampy places overgrown with alders and Spircea. {Rev. C. J. Young) A not uncommon bird in the Parry Sound district. I believe they breed as they are always paired by the middle of May. (/ H. Fleming) This bird s^ closely resembles others of its family that it is difficult to decide as to Its relative abundance at Toronto. I seldom fail to see one or more specimens each season. (/. Hughes-Samuel) A regulnr migrant, though never yet found to be common. Two or three are all that any one observer, will usually note in one migration {JV. F.. Saunders) Seen as a passing migrant at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. hlugh) A peculiar song heard on Hill River, Keewatin, July 8th, was probably the song of this species, but I was unable to secure the bird. {t. A. Prebles) Although only two specimens were taken It undoubtedly breeds about Penrbiim on the 49th parallel, in the heavy timber of the river bottoms, but I was not so fortunate as to discover its nest, a circumstance the more to be regretted since neither the nest nor eggs have yet come to light. \Coues ) Summer resident of thickets in Manitoba; nest found on Duck Mountain. {Thompson- Scton) Not uncommon and breeding at Kdnionton, Alta., in May, 1897. Not observed in any other locality west of Manitoba. {Spreadborough) Breeding NoxES.-On June 9th, 1884. near Fort Peliy,on the upper Assiniboine, I found a vireo nesting in a small bluff of poplar and willow ; the chosen site was in the twigs of a willow some 10 feet from the ground; the nest was the usual suspended cup formed of fine grass and strips of birch bark; on the ground immediately below It was another nest of precisely the same make and ma- 574 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. f: 1 I'M 1 iPB' 1 f terials ; intending to take this with me on my return I hung it in the tree, but when I came bacl< I found it on the ground, it was again hung as before, and again thrown down, although it had been firmly attached to a twig; this happened several times so that there was little doubt that it was the vireo's doing, but why? I cannot imagine. On June 13th, the vireo began to sit on her four eggs; I shot her and found her to correspond exactly with Coues' description oi philadelphicus, except that the yellow on the breast <\'as quite bright; the eggs closely resembled those of the red-eyed vireo, but were destroyed by an unfortunate accident before they were accurately measured. {Tliompson-Scto7i.) At Crescent Lake, Assa., June nth, 1901, I found the nest and four eggs of this species ; nest of fine strips of bark, grass and fine roots, built in a poplar tree; at Long Lake, Manitoba, on June I2th, 1894, I found a nest and four eggs of this species suspended to the branch of a willow six feet from the ground. {IV. Kaitic.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Three taken in May and June, 1897, ^^ Edmonton, Alta., by Mr. W. Spreadborough. G27. Warbling Vireo Vireo gilviis (Vieill.) Bonap. 1838. A :ommon summer resident at Halifax, N.S. {Doxvns) Not uncommon at Calais on the boundary of New Brunswick. {Chamberlain.) A rare visitant in summer at Quebec. {Dioniic.) A scarce transient visitant at Montreal; I have met with only two specimens of this species which I took on Montreal Island. (/F/>///c\) An abundant summer resident around Ottawa. {Ottaiva Natura- list, Vol. V.) A common summer resident, nesting high up in maple and elm trees in eastern Ontario. {Rev. C. J. Voioig.) I have taken this species several times at Emsdale, Muskoka dis- trict in May; Mr. Tavernier has taken the species at Beaumaris, Aluskoka. ' {J. H. Fleming.) Abundant along the' city streets in London, Ont.; but somewhat less so in the country; eggs usually four, but sometimes only three, nests always high up, not less than 25 feet from the ground, while the retl-eyed vireo seldom builds higher than eight feet and usually less; the male bird takes his share of the work of incubating and sings freely while sitting. {W. E. Saunders) Common summer resident at Guelph. Ont.; CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS in abundance at IVmbi.n on ho .?K ^ u"^' ^^"^^''^ ^'^^^''^'^d the opposite extren '; ;; the ,iL't """'•''' ^"' ^^^'" ^-^^ ^^ Rocky Mountains. beL probablv h^ TT'" '^"P*"'"^^ '" ^'^- at Pembina the warbling v reo ^as in ft' '""^'-" "^"^^^-" '• June; a nest found on the i h of th .n T' '"' '""^^^''""^ '" this latitude feu- of the smlulZ /'' ""^^ '-""^P^^; ^ut in fore the third wed J ne Z^TT' '"'^ ^^P^'^^ ^° '^^ ^e- lands in Manitoba; con nion on 2 i ^7"' ''^'^'^^"^ "^ ^^^^d" tain and west side of D 1 Mo^U. n r/ "^' '' '''''"^ ^°""- seen at Indian Mead Ass. T .".u i^/'ompson-Se^on.) First becanie common an comnncedTob' 1'^' '''''' '''' '^'^ '^ cine Hat, Assa., May mi of i ' ^■''' ''''''""'^ '' ^edi- seen along Old wZ'Stkl'' ^'^'^ '"^'"^'"^ *° ^reed ; River ancfat W trto„ Lak t A,k" /""'' ^^S-" along St.Mary's MUSEUM SPECIMENS Ottawa, May 25th, iSoiLvD^^Aq,""' °"" '"'^^" ^^ Head, Assa.. June 14U ' iSo. ri^l?'' °"' '"^^" '-^^ 1"^'^" May .and. 1895, ancVl at^MeTci: Hat a''^' M^^^'' ^^^^^ by Mr. VV. Spreadborough. '' ^''"- ^"y- ^894. all (i27a. Western Warbling Vireo. Vireo gihus swainsotii Baird 1858 '897. breed in ihc'v c nity' ob rved frnr^'?"' ""'"■ '^"^' «'"• Ri>'on„ poplar woods in J „« ,8oS i™ "^^r"'™ "> M<^Leod gary south o Crow's Nest P^!;. f ''"■'•■ '".'"°"^"l'^ f™", Cal- Monntains, breed ^g fn tl; ees i ",7"°';^"';" ■•" "■•■"«■ ^-ky B.C., on Mav 6tl,, ,890 after wlieh.h/'h''' "'°'"" R'^^'"'-'''"''', Deer Park and Robso tu' t 'Tsoo^T "T°"'- = "° "' Tr.il near the International bJZIX' ^^^TJ ''''""' »' mon ; th s species is nro :,« i^ i ^ ' "°^ ^^''■>' ^om- Agassi., Port HeL^nHlstfn'BT'- ' ""' ""^"^"^^" ^' I^.C.in thesprinaof ion 7^^ ' '^«'""-" at Chilli vack ;^ c spring ot 1901. a few M^ere also seen at McGuire's 576 GKOLOGICAI. SURVEY OV CANADA. ^'■! !t further up the river ; a common summer resident ..n Vancouver Island ; common at Victoria. Sooke and Comox ,n July, 1893. Ispnad^orou^/^.) North to Fort Simpson on the Macken^e River- nuc (Ross.) Very numerous everywhere; breeds. {Sfreatoy.} Kast and west of Coast Range; common summer resident (/'^.j- ,nn.) Common summer resident at Ch.lhwack. W-O ^-l" lected west of Rocky Mountains in British Columbia. {R/,oa.) MUSKUM SPECIMENS. Thirty-; four taken at Edmonton, Alta., in May, 1897; two at Canmor'e , Alta., May, 1891 ; three at Banff, Alta May. 1 91 1 fo- at Revelstoke, B.C., May, 1890; one at Deer Park, B.C., June 14th ,890; three at Trail, B.C., June. 1902 ; one at ^Pe"*^^ ^ «";'g^' ^\ C. Mav 29th. 1889; one at Agassiz, B.C., May .oth, .889; three at Hastings. Burrard Inlet, B.C., in April, 1889, and three atV.ctor,a. Vancouver Island, May, 1893, all by Mr. Spreadbs securer! •« Pem b"», wh.cl, ,s probably its northern limit. I, Jas tlken n the" raber of the river b„„„,„, fre eJ^O GEOLOaiCAI. SURVKY Ol' CANADA Kamii.v XLIX, MNIOTILTJDiE. Wood VVarulers. CCXXIV. MNIOTILTA Vii.ii.i.or. i«i6. . Klugh.) A single specimen was taken at Pembina where it probably breeds, though the fact was not ascertained. Not found further west. {Coues.) This species is widely distributed in Manitoba. CATAl.OGUK OF CANADIAN IIIRDS. 581 It is an .ibiiiulant species on Duck Mountain in that province, in spruce woods. ( Tliompson-Scto,,) I-irst seen at Avenue, Mani- toba, May I2tli. 1903, and last was seen August 27th, 1903; it was cmnion ,)n May 12th. {Norman Criddtc.) This seems to br ., rare migrant at Indian Head, Assa.. it was first seen May nth and dis- appeared by the end of the month, not seen lurther west r^^■^ the prairie; one individual seen at Peace River Landing, Lat. 56" 15', in June, 1903; first seen at Kdmonton, Alta., M . 6th. 1897. not very common, seen chiefly in the mixed timl^r along the river hardly ever seen in poplar woods; a few individuals seen in the toothi'ls south of Calvary. {Sprcadborough.) North to Kort Simpson on the Ma.kenzie River; very rare. (AVw.) One speci- men found dead in the woods at the Grand Rapids of the Sas- katchewan. {Nutting) Breeding Note.s, Nest on the ground, composed of bark, grass and leaves, lined with plant d,.un and hair, in woods near Ottawa. Eggs 4-6, creamy-white, spotted and sprinkled with redd.sh-brown. (6". A'. White) This warbler is one of the first of the main drove of warblers that arrives from the south. They come early in May and herald their arrival by singing their weak see-sce-see-see song. The young are able to be about with the adults by the loth of July. Although resembling the parent birds, the stripes are not .so well defined in their plumage as are those of the parents. The old birds are very alert and watchful when the young are unable to know danger themselves. {W.H. Moore.) On the southeast cf>rner of the farm lot that adjoins Wildwood on the north, and out a few rods from the boundary line, m a stretch of low ground, there stands the turned-up root of an old fallen tree, the top of which is over ;i dozen feet from the level ground. In what was once the " upi or " side of this "turn-up' and about alf-way in its height, I discovered on the 28th of May a nest containing three eggs which, at the time, I took to be those of a Canadian warbler. Three days after I re- visited the site, found the mother bird " at home." and seated on the nest. At my near approach she flushed off and down upon the ground, where with outspread and quivering wings, and the venting ot a few notes, she attempted to draw my attention from her treasures. Gazing down on the interrsting little creature within a few feet of where I stood, I was not much surprised, though somewhat disappointed, to note that the specimen was of 58a OHOI.OGICAI, SUKVRY OF CANADA. the M. varia spt^cics, anti that it was her nest that was plact-jl bcfort- mo, aiul which now contained fivf b«!aiitifully spotted fresh e^f^'s. The cavity in which the nest was placed had been partly excavated, probably by the bird itself; but in order to support the foundation quite a larj^e ([uantity of dead leaves and strips (if bark had been used, and inside of this there was a lininjj of fine vej^etablc materials and some animal h.iir. {W. /. Kills.) MUSKUM SPI'CIMRNS. Nine; four taken at Dttawa, by Ur. V. A.Saunders in 1891; one at Ottawa by I'rof. Macoun in iSHcS; one at Indian Head, Assa., in June, 1892, and one at iMlmonton, .\Ita., May 7th, 1897, by Mr. W. Spreadborou)j;h; one purchased with the 1 lolman collection in 1885. CCXXV. PROTONOTARIA Haiku. 1858. «i.'57. Prothonotary Warbler. Proto notar ill litre o (Bonn.) Haird. 185S. A rare niifrrant in New Hrunswick. (^Chamberlain.) One sjnci- men taken at Hamilton, Out., .May 23rd, 1888. {Mclhvniith.) 1 have every reason to suppose that this bird occasionally crosses the St. Lawrenc*' and visits Ontario, I even think it occasionally breeds, for I came across a nest located in the stub of a willow at the " drowned lands ' some eight miles north of Gananocjue, w hich contained one eg.i^s and which corresponds with the description 0/ site of nest and authentic egjf of this bird; the date was June 10th. 1S96. (Riv. C.J. Young.) CCXXVI. HELMINTHOPHILA Ridgway. 1882. 042. Golden-winged Warbler. Helminthophila chrysoptcra (L.inn.) Ridgw. 1882. Rev. C. J. Young, of Sharbot Lake, Ont., one of our closest observers.writes me that he saw this species on June 17th and 30th, 1897, on the Magdalen Islands, and that it was evidently breed- ing; I doubt the identification, but make the record. {Macoiin.) Fairly common summer resident throughout western Ontario; not noted in Bruce county. (W. E Saunders.) I have met with this species on two occasions near Hamilton, Ont.; have also heard of CATALO(;UK OF CANADIAN BIRDS. its bdHK noticMl at Port Kowan. Ur. Macallum sees i xprwii anc sinimer near his residence at Dunnville, Ont 7.raU/K) By th.. kindness of Mr. VV. Hine. of Winnipeg amenabK.I to recor<| the capture of a ,.>lden-wingec ta en by him near VVinnipe, on or about Mav .;th, iHH; Ihitclulder in ///,■ A„k. Vol. VII, p. 404.) ' MUSKUM SI'HClMi:\. t everv ( Miil- Man., 1 warbler {CF. One purchased with the lloh •i-*^'- Nashville Warbler. man colleetiiii in 1S85. Obt, Hihninthophila nijicapilla (W'ils.) R mow, 1.SS2. iin^'il twice in (irci'nland; again at the JMskenies, iXutrust nee at Godthaab about 1835, and nier migrant in Newfoundland, but '^ist, J.S40. {Ant. Man.) A sum- not wxx coninio f appaientJN' rare. {Reeks.) A " summer resident at Halifax. N.S. {Downs.) A :;;^::r;'"^'i::;?' .;:'";"'"-^-^:'i": "-'on "ian. Orange-crowned Warbler. Helminthophila celata (^\\) Ridgw. 1882. Of rare occurrence at .St. John, N.B., but has never been record- ed at Scotch Lake. {W. H. Moore) One example taken at Beauport near Quebec, in 1890. {Dionne.) A rare transient visitant at Montreal. I shot a male specimen of this warbler. May 21st 1890. on the spur of Mount Royal and it is the only one" of the kind I have met with here. {Whitle) A casual in the vicinity of Ottawa; a male was shot by Mr. K. F. G. White, Sept. 27th, 1885 near the eastern end of the city. {Oiiawa Naiura/tsi,\ro].V.) Occurs in Toronto regularly, apparently not uncommon ; took one in Toronto on October loth, 1898, and another on Mav 7th. 1899 (/. N. Fleming.) During several seasons of careful observations I have only once met with a small party of these warblers ; this was on i2th May, 1900 when I was fortunate in obtaining two specimens, one of which I was surprised t.. find on dissecting was a female. The plumage of this bird is verv plain and but for the frequency of its call note or " chep " might easilv pass unnoticed; and even when its presence is detected it is so remarkably active and darts so rapidly from tree to tree that its capture is by no means certain. (/. Hughes-Sanwel) A regular migrant at Lon- don. Ont.; but never common. ( /[' Jt. Saunders.) One was taken in S86 (iEOLOGICAT. SURVEY OF CANADA. in a willow thickt-t at York Factory, July i6th, igoi, antl the spi'cies was again noted near Pine Lake, September 13th and at Duck Point. Playgreen Lake, September igth. {E. A. Pnbies.) ()bser\ed durinj,^ the fall migration, in September, along the Mouse (Souris) River, where it was abundant. {Coin's.) Common summer resident in woodlands, in Manitoba; evidently breeding in the woods around Carberry. ('nio/npsoii-Svton.) First seen at Avenue, Manitoba, on May 12th, 1903, was common on the 17th and disappeared on September i6th. A common breeding species. {Norman Criddle.) This is a rare summer migrant at Indian Head, Assa, It was first seen at Indian Head, May 20th, 1892, and disappeared on the 25th; first seen at Medicine Hat. Assa., May 9th, i' were the only ones ever seen at that place. (Turner:) Two specimens taken at Ducks were of this form. (Streator.) t)ast and west of Coast Range, a summer resident. (Fannin.) Tolerably common during the migrations at Chilliwack. A scarce sum- mer resident in the Cariboo district, of B.C. ; both old and young birds showed typical eeiata. (Brooks:) Five specimens from the interior of British Columbia are distinguishable from the coast form which does not appear to cross the Coast Range. {Rhoads.) Osgootl took an adult male at Caribou Crossing, Lat. 60°, B.C., June 26th, 1899; I f'^^^'^' ■* ^"^^1"'^'^' 'I'K^l two young 20 miles below Fort Selkirk, July 27th. and a young one near Dawson, August 2nd. Osgood secured an adult and a young one at Camp Davitl- son, August 5th and another was seen near Fort Yukon, Alaska, August 2ist; all taken were in willows or alders close to the water. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN HIROS, 58; {Bishop) I saw this species but once on the 25th May near our camp on the Kowak, Kot.ebue Sound. Alaska, but heard it a . bei of times. {Givinell) Brleding Notes.- On June .Sth, lyoo. Mr. C. K. Whittakcr SrcT ' T. °^*'^'f '•.^- --b'-- ^^ ^^-'' l^iver, within the ^ i ' Circle. It was bu.lt in the grass on the ground and contained six eggs ; on June 22nd. 1902. Mr. Dippie found a nest and fi>^ eg^s at Banff, Rocky Mountains. {W. Raine.) A nest of this specie was found on June 13th, 1897, on tiie edge of a wood in at clamp situation. This was completely hidden by over-ha ' ' R-rass and small aspen trees it was sunken in the g'^^ound a 7w ' composed of grass built with a few horse hairs. There u^ r ' fiv^ eggs in It almost hatched. Another nest of the same specie wl ound on July .St near the edge of a large bluff, this was as m as the somewhat scant, vegetation would allow and was hidde ■ om above by .young aspens. There were four fresh eggs i le nest which were between 15 and ,6mm. long and 12 mm w^k I e' were white, thickly marked about the larger end with y fie ^^:r bb'l T'Tr^" '"■^^" '""" ^•^^'^- ^ ^"''■^' "-^ -^-i"^d lefi s " V^j; """"^ """•^'>- "^^" -'--situation as the hi!, t. {Nornnui Cnddlc.) MUSEUM SPECiMEi\.S. T ^;^"'';;'^'"^;^';^''^^." ^^^ Medicine Hat, Assa.. in May, ,894; one -.t Indian Head. Assa.. May ,6th, ,892; all by Mr. VV. Sp;eadb;,ough fi46a. Lutesoent Warbler. Hclminthophila cclata lutcsccm (Ridgw.) Brkwst 188. Saw one individual at Edmonton. Altr.., May sth. 1897. after- wa.dsthe species was occasionally seen so that I think a fe v remained to breed ; breeding in numbers at Banff. Ro and the other two twospecimeiLvet ,k inju e'^88r 'm''" f ?"*^' ^"' rant at Ottawa ,■ have been ake„ by Mr ^rZI, '7 "«■ 87 and ,888. (0«.,„. «„„.„,,,, Vof V ' Mefw^.M l^"'" dalen Islands in i8n7- T u. ^^ ^" '^°" *he Mag- ;;^<^as£Cnl^:::£zt;'?o:-^^-; pfrs;'^irs:r:rr-"^ bird, VIZ.: a male on igth Mav i8n« .n i ? ^Pf mens of this 1899; but between the m and'igthli;; I'o'T 7 '"^ ''^^• seeing five males of the species and ll Tu ""' ^"''"""'^ '" a chance to observe theThlr . .^'''''' '°"^= ^ l^^^ ^'^« being the most noted n Tf, °"' ^^"*- ^^° ^-^ three S "lost noted m a smgle migration. ( ff'. ^. 5^;,«^^^. ^ Common summer resident alona ^h^ p id- • ^''""^^^^■) not wi-,y distributed rtXXtt ^T '" ""'"""'^ ^ ^re::;M^tte\f:*r/-^^^^^^^ At Lon, Lake!'vork;;'w:X;a'^I fu e l^Tjfrrr'''' 'ind four egps of thi<; biVrl- ;f u •, ' ^L I took a nest ground in a willol (fK '^L,™ '""' ""'"' '"'" f^' f-"> *e MUSEUM SPECIMENS. o.^r.ak:: aTo^ I:^:^z-]^t^z-r^ ^ - is; . I*' eQ4 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. a52. Yellow Warbler. Dendroica (estiva (Gmel.) Haiku. iH5^' Specimens obtaineil by Drexler, July I2th, i860, at Fort George. James Bay. {Packard.) Common from Missinabie down the Moose River and up James Bay to Richmond Gulf ; a nest con tainin^' four eggs was found on an island in the bay, June -'3rd, 1896; none observed on a trip across Ungava ; seems to keep along the coast. (Spreadborough.) A very common summer migrant in Newfoundland. {Reeks) Very common in gardens around Halifax, N.S. (Downs.) Common summer resident at Sydney, Cape Breton Island, N.S. {C. R. Harte.) Quite common at Bad- deck and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, July, 1898; rather rare at Brackley Point, Prince Ed vard Island, June,l888. {Macoun.) Rather common, on Prince Edward Island, and quite aslikel, o be found among lonely alder bushes as in the trees around house {Dwight.) An abundant summer resident at St. John, N.B. {Chamberlain.) A common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moore.) Rare, except near the settlements in th(- Rcstigouche valley. {Brittain .^r Cox) Common at Lake Mistassini, Quebec. (/. M. Macoun) Common summer resident on the Magdalen Islands. {Bishop) Rather abundant at Fox Bay, Anticosti ; a few specimens seen at Gaspe Bay, Que. {Brewster) A common summer resident at Quebec. {Dionne) An abundant summer resident at Montreal ; breeds in the city and Mount Royal park ; I have found their nests containing eggs from May 29th to July 7th, and observed this warbler here from May 7th to Sep- tember 3rd. {IVint/e) An abundant summer resident in the vicinity of Ottawa. {Ot- tawa Naturalist. Vol. V.) I took a male at F msdale, Parry Sound, Ont., on Mav 27th, 1S99, the only one I have ^een in Parry Sound; it was not uncommon at Rosseau in 1897, and Mr. Tavernier regards it as common at Beaumaris. (/. H. Fleming) Without doubt more of this species of warbler remain to breed around Toronto than of any other variety. Practically,they are everywhere in suitable places, and if a youthful enthusiast wants to study bird life he has merely to seat himself near a patch of willows during the merry month of Ma>»when he will have a grand opportunity of becoming acquainted with our common summer yellow-bird ; I have noted one of these birds ot Toronto as early as iSth April, CATALiJUUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 595 .ec„n.n« taken at these three point, ha;e a silhtly c^l Jk. ' :» % ^v'^ ^ . '^.Cl/. //> > ■*¥• w/ 7 Photographic Sciences Corporation ''O"^ .<> %^ ' li::^.r ^'"^ '' '"'' ""''''''' '' MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seven; two taken at Huntinsjfnn R r • ^ , five at Victoria Vuicouver t1 ? ' f " "" ^''^''^^'' 1901, and Spreadborough'. ^'''"^' '" ^P^"' ^«93, all by Mr. W. 6o6 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. VM. Audubon'8 Warbler. DiHdroica audi.boni (Towns.) Bairix 1858. This warbler was only observed in the Rocky Mountains beyond the eastern foothills of which it is not known to extend. {Cones.) Observed a pair near Calgary June 22nd, 1897, in the foot- hills from there to Crow's Nest Pass in July and August; observed a few in the valley of the McLennan, B.C. in July, 1H98; common at Banff, Rocky Mountains, in the summer of 1891, bailding their nests in tall spruce trees ; quite plentiful at Revel- stoke, B.C., on the Columbia River, and down that stream to Deer Park and Robson in June, 1890; young full grown by June 24th; arrived at Revelstoke on April I2th, 1890; common and breeding at Trail, on the International Boundary, in June, 1902; first seen April 13th, 1903, at Penticton, B.C., after this date they became common; rather rare at Spence's Bridge, B.C., in May, 1889, but common at Hastings and Agassiz, in the Fraser valley; only one individual seen at Chilliwack in May, 1902, but were com- mon at Huntington, on the International Boundary, in September, 1902; common around Victoria early in May, 1893, but the balk of them had left by the lOth, only a few remained to breed; during the latter part of April and first half of May this bird is common in most parts of Vancouver Island, but later they are very scarce. {Spreadborough.) British Columbia. {Lord.) Abun- dant spring and fall migrant. I think a few breed in the coast region; it is very common on Vancouver Island. {Streator.) Very abundant summer resident all over the province. {Fatmin.) A common summer resident at Chilliwack; a few remain until Janu- ary. Tolerably common breeder at 158-Mile House, B.C. {Brooks.) Abundant summer resident everywhere in British Columbia. {Rhonds.) Found nesting at Donald, Agassiz and Vancouver, B.C. in 1894. {E. F. G. White.) Breeding Notes. -At Banff, in the Rocky Mountains, on June 14th, 1893, 1 found a nest containing four eggs of this species. It was ijuilt in a willow about five feet above the water on the shore of Vermilion Lake. Mr. Dippie found its nest at Devil's Lake, 14 miles from Banff, June 22nd, 1902. {W.Raitu.) MUSEUM specimens. Twenty-eight; four taken at Banff, Rocky Mountains, in May and June, 1891; four at Revelstoke, B.C., in April and May, 1890; CATALOGUE OK CANADIAN HIRDS. one at Deer Pari ^olumb 60; B.C., May, 1902; five at'pe Agassiz, H.C., M ia River. H.C., June. 1890; two at T nticton, B.C., April, i rail -V. ...L,, . J,,.:.^S3':t,T,:^;• t -. y -.,.™, ... 657. Magnolia Warbler. Moose Factory. May ixtl^ L 7^ % "Si"""' ' ^P^^'^*^" ^^ Factory, Ja, J^ Bay. Ju.'^e ^8of "^ ,^«"'"-" ^^ Moose (^ou.s.) Acomno :^: /::;:;:;/^^f r ■•" NovaScotia. I-«^lancl, N.S. (C ^ //ar^7n T ""'J^^^^y' Cape Bretor Cape Breton Island Mv .808 T '' ^''^'^''^ ^"^' ^^^^'''■•-- Kclward Island, "i; ^ 888 Tm""' '"^^^ «^ackley Point.Prince warbler of the regiL and is .h^ ^''7'^ ^^'^ '^ ' characteristic Edward Islancl. S"/I/ An2 f' represented on Prince John. N.B. {atanZt;\ 0".^""^''-^"^ ^""^"^^r resident at St. valley, N.B. »:rL?''lT '" '"^^ ^estigouche Scotch Lake, York Co N B L i^ .r^^?' '""^'"^^'•^^'^^"t at lens,an.ale 'taken o^GulZ.Vl^^^^^^^^ and Ellis bavs. Anticosti fhl! (^5^//^/.) At both Fox also a con.„,on U d at P^rt HawkT "" T' ^'^""^''''"' '^ '^ ^ north shore of the St"J:l?e^\t^^^^^^^^ ^'^^ ^'?^ woods at Lake Mistassini, Que (7 T 2.. ^ r'"'^^" '" summer resident around Quebec taken l^t C^7l^ ^ '°'^'"°" A common but transient vi.ifr!; ! .^ ^^^'"''^sbourg. {Dionne.) May i8th to 24 h^r. '' ^''""■""'' ^b^^'-ved here from Not'ed on S ble'ls Unc aJ^v Tl T"' '" '""^ ^"^"-"- (^^-^^") (>w. ^.;...///^';"''' ^^^^ ^'''^ J""^ 20^h and October 8th igol A moderately common mierant A f tlon. rarely breedins- one ne,t T f„ , "".'="° during niigra- on July ,.';, ,895 ., frz z';'::t::Tsf '°" '"'" ^^^^ 13 ^ °"^" "^ Spucea among small iil 6o8 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 0? CANADA. pines and hemlocks near Ot!y Lake, Lanark Co., Ont. This bird is a common breeding species near Mingan, Que. I saw a nest with four eggs taken there in June, 1899 ; the nest was built in a small spruce tree. {Rev. C. J. Young) An abundant summer resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts, Ont. (/. li. tlem- ing.) Not rare as a summer resident in Algonquin Park, Ont. (Spreadborough.) Abundant in spring and fall at Toronto, and as they reach us before the end of August fall migration it is reason- able to conclude that some at least do not go far to breed. (/. Hughes-Samuel.) A common migrant, but a rare summer resident in Middlesex Co., Ont.; abundant in parts of north Bruce in June. (W.E. Saunders.) Passing migrant, seen about May lOth at Gueiph, Ont., and again from about August 28th up till September 28th. {A. B. Klu^h.) One or two seen at Norway House, Keewatin, and one taken at Oxford House. {E. A. Prebles.) One specimen of this species was taken in Wood Mountains b^' Dr.G.M Dawson and seen m his collection. {Cmes.) A migrant in Manitoba and apparently common near Winnipeg but may bleed in the norihern part of the province. (Thompson- Seton) A tolerably common soring and autumn migrant at Avenue, Mani- toba; arrives about the middle of May. {Norman Cnddle) A fevv specimens seen at Wood Fountain, Assa., where they were doubtless breeding, on June l2tK, 189^; a specimen was shot at iRevelstoke, B.C. in July, 1890, no others were seen ; only two individuals observed at Edmonton, Alta., on May 22nd and 25th, 1897. {Spreadborough) Abundant at Chemawawin on the Sask- atchewan. {Nutting.') A number of specimens seen at Lesser Slave" River, Atha. (/. M. Macoun) This is a common bird on the banks of the Saskatchewan ; it is usually to be found in the thickets of young spruce trees and willows, flitting near the ground from one branch to another. {Richardson) North to Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River ; -athcr rare. {Ross.) Taken at Vernon, Lake Okanagan,B.C.,in i898,by Mr.Brooks. {Fan?ii?t) Aspecimen taken at Field in the Rocky Mountains, and two or three observed at Vernon, B.C. {Rhoads) Several seen at Quesnel, B.C., during the fall migration {Brooks) Bbee 3ING No-ES.— This species occasionally breeds in cential Ontario, probably more often than the myrtle warbler. I found a nest m a small hemlock, May 30th, 1902, which grew on a wooded bank unde- large hemlock trees on a point of Sharbot CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. ^ gQQ hair and fibres ThZ\^!i "" '^^ T"'"' '"'' ""^^ ""^^ »'i"' n.ar.ed, rather .ha'^Tcledwr^birestf I f^^jr d"'''^ arrival is CO „L„Thev'/l"f/ "'""" ^ "«.!< of the firs, and partly c "ar d Inl ZTje^"! r^V-^^' '" ^''"'"' STound in small spruces and general v on /h ' ^ *"/ ,"'" "■•= lirab. They lay four eo« ,„d ,h ^ on the outer end of a small eleven days' and Z you^ St t i„Te ° r'" K ''"'°° " '"" °' (W.H. Moon.) A few pairs br«d a o»! "•='' .f °'" '"° ""'''■ go more to the north at Late N ' "''"'' ^ «''"' """ber of all Kinds from^onVl'-f:::: ffe-fZ^rhe 'ou^"" V;'"^"" consists of small tvviVs fin^ <.r.. !i ? ^'^°""d. The nests hair-like roots (S"") * '"" '■°°*''' ""'" "'"> "air or MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Eight; two taken at Ottawa in Mav isss K„ ft, purchased with the Holman col ection' n 188^ .' ""'l^' ""^ from the groand, 'composed „ "e fca st et" "d ,'"?; With horse hair; another sef r^f f^ grasses, etc., and lined June 5th, ,898, both by Mr ,?' ^"^l^J^f'jf '^'<-^' ^olfville. N.S.,. 658. Cerulean Warbler. Dendroica raru (VVils.) Ridgway. 1897 Occurs at Toronto regularly, but is apparently rare ( T u Fleming.) Common in the southwestern nart of A . u^"^' "■ o-ftes';:"^:: re„":,rvf- -^p^^^^^^'^'i^:^^ groundand all Z^l. ^iJ^^-J^^: --- *e 6io GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. in diameter. The nests are quite shallow, but are constructed similarly to those of the redstart. Eggs four. In former years the birds were much more common in the vicinity of London, Ont. ( IV. E. Saunders.) Nest and eggs taken at Drummondville, near Niagara Falls, Ont. (See Ridgtvay, Hist. N. Am. Birds, I., 1874, p. 235.) A regular summer resident in southern Ontario, but local'. One spring I searched for it carefully near Hamilton without seeing a single individual, while across the bay, four miles off, Mr. Dickson reported it quite common and breeding in the woods near the Waterdown station of the Grand Trunk Rail- way. {Mcllwraith.) Breeding Notes.— I have two nests with sets of eggs of this species collected by Mr. Edward Reinecke, of Buffalo, N.Y. One nest containing four eggs was found on Navy Island, in the Niagara River. The nest was placed on the limb of an elm, near the top about 50 feet from the ground and very hard to get at. {W.Rainc) MUSEUM SPECIMEN. * One purchased with the Holman collection in 1885^ 659. Chestnut-sided Warbler. Dendroica pensylvanica (Linn.) Baird. 1858. Accidental in South Greenland in 1887. {Winge) Tolerably common throughout the summer in Newfoundland. (Reeks.) An abundant summer resident at Halifax, N.S. (Downs.) A rare summer resident at St. John, N.B. (Chamberlain.) Tolerably common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. (W. H. Moore.) Common summer resident at Montreal ; breeds in Mount Royal park; nests with eggs found from June 5th to 24th; observ- ed here from May nth to August l8th. (Wintle.) A scarce mi- grant and possible resident in summer at Quebec. (Dionne.) A common summer resident in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) Not uncommon about Lansdowne, Leeds Co., Ont.;' I found a nest with four eggs, built in a small elm three feet from the ground, June 3rd, 1896 and plainly identified the bird. (Rev. C.J. Young.) An abundant summer resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. (/. H. Fleming.) Observed several in low bushes along the Parry Sound Railway on dry ground and in burnt Jwoods where the second growth is low, in Algonquin CATALOt F CANADIAN BIRDS. g,j mon ;??*■' '" I""' '""^ •^"'^'' '900. {Spreadborough) Not as com mon as formerly in summer though it still breerlffn f.; u around London, Ont. (W E S^mderTc ""'"''"■' breeding in varying nulerf e" at G^pr Qn't "f ""^' about May 8th and leaves about August l8tl, M i Kn'\lT" spec.men only of this distinctive specie ws s curf /at PeiS" -perhaps .ts western if not its northern lim t 7^1 . 7 moil summer residenf In fi,^ . , """^- K^oues.) A com- (.Vorman Criddle.) Manitoba, where ,t very likely breeds. the ground The nes „!, ^" "Pff crotch about six feet from andlbrous substn^ iL^w ^ 'eX^nTh "' T^ T"' 4. white with reddish brown Ifkings (C /Z;. T' «^«'' around Ottawa in June and also at \X', m • '■ > ^"'^ north of Ottawa in rasnhlrv K k ^"'"'""'gue, too miles are made with grsses and I.oTo? h "t ™ f '"""'■ ""= "'=" fibres and fi.ier ftrips of ba k ^ - / '" "'"' '"«'='''''' On May . nd of he „,sr„' f 3 X 2 and 2 x 1-25. (&„,^„.) other /noted ^J^J^^Z Soflhtbt^^'Th'/r. "^'■ Sf ^^a^le'lu^rr i - /-th ■■" -'-"'"-" bulky and compactly bu it rtat at firs. I tn^^'Tt' "" ™= '° indigo bird; it was formed of a kind o I 1° ,' ""' °' '" decayed timber vines nnrlo-, 7'?'''' """■"= «'""<='' '"■" horse'-hair, wh ch mushavf taken th K n' "'" '°"«' ^''^^ time, with much troubl ,0 col ect and „l ' ?""'' ''"' °^ above date this nest cocaine ''e^g ^ofThe'"coTbird"' Z L"? removed and— five Hpw= off^ •. . covv-bird, which I chestnut.sided 'llh7JZ7hL:Tr'' l"'" '^«' "' '"« and as the usual set of eggs o thi soecl '"l"''%"'="''^''"«'' evident that the cow.bir5\?d^to.r o",Th wlS":' ' T' she deoos ted h^r r.«,n . *u- ,l warbler s when worst e''„e:^twi:h°:;icMhe':zie';rf/jr'tL' ir' j^'' to contend, as many of their nests ar!^„ ? , "'"''''^'' '"=' ntore of the cow.bir':^ eggs; an^I^'erHs 'Z^J:,:^Z:; m 6,2 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. may destroy the whole brood in the nest of the species in which it is cradled; on one occasion I found a nest of the chestnut-sided warbler which contained four cow-bird's eggs, and but one of the warbler's own; the eggs ot this species are of a whitish hue, with a very irregular wreath, or belt, of a brownish colour, around the larger end, and some dottings, sometimes of a blackish hue, on the middle surface; the smaller end is unmarked ; the other nest of this species, noted on the same date, was near the edge of the wood, and placed between several stalks of raspberry vines about two feet off the ground, and composed of materials much similar to the other, with the exception of the horse-hair lining, and was not so bulky in size— this on the 30th of May, contained four eggs; a week after, two other nests of this species were noted, both deeper in the wood, and both placed in the forks of little maples, but at varying elevations from the ground, one being about four feet, this contained four eggs, the other which con- tained three eggs, was about two feet off the ground, and by the side of a pathway. In both cases these were evidently advanced in incubation, and were not molested ; I concluded that in this tract ot forest about a dozen pairs of this species were breeding, but they have many enemies among other birds and small animals. {W. L. Kells.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Five; one purchased with the Holman collection in 1885; three taken by the writer in May, 1888, at Ottawa ; one taken at Ottawa by Dr. F". A. Saunders, May 23rd, 1890. Two sets of eggs; one of four taken at Berlin, Ont., June 2nd, 1899, by Mr. W. Raine, and another near Toronto, Ont., on June 7th, 1891, by the same gentleman. 660. Bay-breasted Warbler. Dendroicacastanea (Wils.)Bair-d. 1858. Drexler obtained a specimen at Moose Factory, June 2nd, i860; three individuals were seen at Black Island, Hamilton Inlet by myself June 9th, 1882; two pecimens were shot but lost. {Packard.) Tolerably common summer resident in Newfound- land. (Reeks.) An uncommon summer resident at Halifax, N.S.; more common inland. {Downs.) One seen at Baddeck, Cape Bre- ton Island, June 4th, 1890. {F. H. Allen.) An occasional summer ' CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 613 resident at St. John,RB. ^Chamberlain) A pair seen in woods near Black R.ver, Prince Edward Island, July 18th, 1888. {Macoun.) A scarce trans^nt visitant at Montreal. I have shot specimens on the spur of Mount Royal as late as May 28th, 1892, but have not met this species after that date. Mr. Kuetzing says this species breeds on Montreal Island as he has seen them'on the faster part of the island ,n July. (JVM.) Seldom met with around Quebec in summer; taken at Beauport. (Dtonne.) A rare irregular spring migrant in May and June. A pair was observed f^. ^"ir/ "'*"•''' -^""^ '^^'' ^^^' '' ^^^^'^h L^'^^' NB. A moderately common migrant around Ottawa. (Ottawa Naturaltsi, Vol. V.) An uncommon warbler in eastern Ontario I saw one specimen in the grass at Lansdowne, Leeds Co., Ont* A few breed on the Magdalen Islands. I obtained a nesi with four eggs taken there in June, 1898, ten feet from the ground leV.T\''"\J^V^^' ''' ^"''y '' ^''S' -« those oi the black-poll warbler, but are differently marked. (Rev. C J Young.) Not abundant in the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts \^Z1 """' .^'k '* °"'^ ^"""^ migration. (/. H. Fleming) Though usually by no means abundant I think no spring season passes without a fair number visiting this locality. If tLy pass this way in the fa 1 in any numbers I think they do so in company with D stnata which they at this season much resemble, and so are not noted. Occasionally in May theyare unusually abundant -my note for 19th May, 1888, reading: "Heavy thunderstorm about 3 a.m. and another at 6 a.m. Morning much milder than of whi;hTr^ 7' r'l ''''^- ^"'* '"'^"^ °f '"•g^^"ts, many of which had no doubt been kept back by the cold nights the past week. Bay-breasts were astonishingly numerous, and in fact though It may seem strange, although many of the common warblers were here in full force, D. castama was certainly the most numerous-so much so in fact that at one time I counted no less than twe ve feeding on the ground at one time, and in the space • nit'''. T^ '"'"'*' '^"^ ^'^" ^^^*^" ^^^" by the previous n ght s storm. I also saw several of these birds taking a dainty little bath in a puddle of water in company with many birds of widely divergent habits. (J. Hughes- Samuels.) Passing migrant Guelph, Ont. Abu. i. t this fall (.903). Seen about May iSth and again about August 27th. (A. B. Klugh) '!$! Mil 6i4 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. A rare summer resident in Manitoba. Only mentioned by a few observers, {Thompson- Seton.) A rare summer resident at Avenue, Manitoba, arrived May i8th, 1903, and last seen August 2ist. {Norman Criddle.) A rare summer migrant at Indian Head, Assa. Only one individual seen in the spring of 1892, on June 8th. Only one individual was seen at Medicine Hat,- Assa., in the spring of 1894. {Sprcadboroiigh.) I found the nest of this species north of Waterloo, Ont., May 22nd, 1899; nest in a hemlock five feet from the ground. {W.Raine.) One was taken at Ox- ford House, Keewatin, July 3rd, 1901. {E. A. Prebles.) Breeding Notes.— Here the first nest that claimed my atten- tion was one placed on the side of a small birch tree where a tuft of twigs grew out from the ground. I soon reached and secured this; it contained three fresh eggs; these were of a white hue with dottings and patches of a brownish or flesh colour, the nest itself being composed of fragments of bark, rootlets and hair; I did not then note the owner, nor could I at that time have identified the species, but I gave them a name and placed them in my collection. Two years after— June, 1879— I was out in a piece of swampy woods south of the town, when my attention was arrested by the actions of a small bird which was constructing a nest among some leafy twigs growing on the small horizontal branch of a little water-elm, about three feet out from the trunk and ten feet off the ground. Some days after I viewed this nest again, it then contained one egg, and three days more when I revisited it, I found the bird at home sitting on three eggs, which I inferred were the full set, and that incubation had begun. When this bird flew off her nest and took a position on a branch near-by, uttering a few chip-like notes, I identified her as a female bay-breasted warbler. The nest and eggs were exactly like those above de- scribed, and of course both belonged to the same species. Some days after this I found another nest of this bird in a neighbouring lowland wood; this was placed in the top of a small hemlock about fourteen feet from the ground, constructed of similar materials, and contained four eggs. Since then no nest of this species with eggs has come under my observation, but I have noted a few others in which young had apparently been raised. One of these was on the side of a small cedar where a little blanch grew out, and about four feet off the ground; another, evidently a new nest, but after the breeding season when I found CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 615 it, was placed among some leafy twigs on the side of a pretty l7:uZ\T''' 7^': '''' ^^^"^ ''' ^--d- This wi ht se of the first eggs of the species that I took are still in mv o lect. „d , notable feature about the nest of thi find s p e es of b'^ch' f T' T'^'V' ^'^ ''''' '^ ~-^^^ wi h pieces of b.rch bark, and usually also with insect cocoons It much resembles the nesf of a chipping sparrow, but there is le hau- m the insKle, and the foundation is less bulky. Insid it about two inches across, by one and a half deep. (JF. LKeL) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Five; one purchased with the Holman collection in 1885 ; two da?He:Tt"''l'"-'^""^ ^''°' by the writer; one tal n at Indian Head, Assa., June 8th, 1892, and another at Medicine Hat Assa., May 19th, 1894. by Mr. W. Spreadborough. ' 6'5i. Black-poll Warbler. Dendroicastnata (Forst.) Baird. 1858 One specimen sent from Godthaab, Greenland in 1853. iArct Man.) Abundant throughout the wooded portion of Labrador Breeds plentifully at Fort Chimo. where seven nest tnd eggs" were obtamed m 1884 by Turner. (^Packard:) Observed one''! Richn?on7'GJrf" '°''' ''''n'"' ^"° "°" '^^^^^^^ ^^e fort and • GulfTo ForPrh-' 'TT°," '" '""^^ ^"^^^^ ^'^^ Richmond fo hi, ^ k""""'? b^''^^^ the last of them left the country o the south about August 23rd, 1896, as on that day I saw the last one near Fort Chimo. {Spreadborough.) A very abuLant ht limit'of :"k^ ''^'' 'I "-^h-^^-" Lfbridor; as far n^rth a he hm.t of timber near Cape Aillik. {Bi^elo^v) Apparently not uncommon in summer in Newfoundland {Reeks) Seen inTa" -e numbers on the Humber River, Newfoundland. August 27th l^ ^twZT.K^ "^^ r.^^'""^^" ^""^"^^^ -^'^-^ ^^ Halifax.- 2ist lo^r TK P^'""'^ '" ""'"^^^^ «" Sable Island, N.S.May 2lst, 1902. This was after a gale. {James Bouteillier) Not common at Baddeck, Cape Breton Island. {F. H A en) Com nion during the spring and autumn migration!. Raret summ"; Srnf h / ."• ^'^; ^^^"^^^'^-i^') A rare spring migrant a Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {A.H.Moore) A very abundan D: idTdlt't'h''^'';'^" Islands; breeding everywhere' (X l^ec.dedly the most numerous of the warblers on the Magdalen 6i6 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Islands, and fairly common at Anticosti as well as along the north shore of the St. Lawrence. {Brervster.) Not rare at Lake Mistassini, Que. (/ M.Macoiin) A rare migrant in spring at Quebec. {Dionne) 1 consider this species an irregular spring migrant, and have not met with them here in the autumn. {Wintle) A moderately common migrant in the vicinity of Ottawa. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) I have seldom seen this bird in east- ern Ontario. I found this to be the commonest warbler by far in Magdnlen Islands in June, 1897; I found four nests all built in bushy spruce trees at from two to five feet from the ground; they are late birds to arrive there and do not commence to build until the middle of June; I noticed that the eggs were almost all blotch- ed with dark umber brown as well as spotted and speckled like the last species. {Rev. C. J. Young.) The black-polls seem very local here, as, though I have found them decidedly abundant dur- ing the last two years in a particularly nice little patch of tall wil- lows near the lake shore, I do not know of any one else having noted a single specimen. May 15th is the earliest date on which I have seen them— three males appearing then, and increasing in numbers till 26th May, when the first females were seen; by 2nd of June all had passed on; my earliest fall note is 27th August, and from this date on the numbers daily increase till the trees are almost alive with their weak call-notes. While with us in the spring the males keep up their somewhat insect-like notes at intervals during the whole day, as they glide from branch to branch— not dashing and darting about with the vim that is so characteristic of many nM:mbers of this family. (/. Hughes-Samuel.) A passing migrant at Guelph, Ont.; not common. {A. B. Klugh.) Taken at Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. {Clarke) At Oxford House, June 30th to July 4th they were rather common; on July loth we noticed a pair in a thicket that bordered Hayes River, a few miles above York Factory, and on arriving at that post we again found the birds rather common; at Fort Churchill, where they were also common we took another specimen, July 24th, 1901. {E. A. Prebles.) One specimen of this species was procured at Wood Mountain on the 49th parallel by Dr. G. M. Dawson, Geologist of the Eng- lish Commission. {Coues.) A rare migrant in Manitoba; probably breeding. {Thompson- Seton) A tolerably common spring visitant, possibly breeds at Avenue, Manitoba. {Norman Criddle.) This is CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 617 a common spring migrant at Indian Head, Assa.. two individuals were seen May 9th, 1892 ; towards the end of the month they became common, but all disappeared by June 5th ; first- saw one male May loth, 1894, at Medicine Hat, Assa.; quite common by the i6th, all disappeared by the end of May ; some may breed as they acted as if they would ; a few individuals seen at Old Wives' Creek, Assa., late in May, 1895 : one individual seen at the upper crossing of Lob-stick Creek, northwest of Edmon- ton, June, 1898 ; a common breeding species at Banff, Rocky Mountains in the summer of 1891 ; observed a pair at Bragg's Creek about 40 miles southwest of Calgary, June 28th, 1897. {^preaxiborough) One specimen secured at the Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan. {Nutting) Twooi three individuals seen on the Athabasca River near Lesser Slave River. (/. M, Macoun.) Our specimen of this bird was killed by an Indian in the neighbour- hood of Cumberland House, in the latter end of May. {Richardson ) North to Lapierre's House, on the Mackenzie River ; common, {Ross.) More plentiful thsin D. cor omta, ahhough only 21 nests ^^rt s^cuxtd. {Macfarlmie.) They were all similarly situated, and contained four or five eggs, and two or three of them were on the ground. I shot a black-poll warbler in the first plumage at Ques- nel, B.C., but was unable to find it in the thick brush; I am very well acquainted with the species and am positive of its identity. {Brooks.) Although this species has its breeding grounds in the wooded interior it occurs along the sea-coast of Norton Sound during the spring migration. {Nelson.) This species was obtained only at Port Yukon on September i8th, 1875, and also in 1877; it IS not common at any time in that locality. {Turner) At Log Cabin in the White Pass on June 15th, 1899, this species was com- mon; on July sth took .a male at Lake Marsh and two specimens were taken at Caribou Crossing, B.C. {Bishop) One specimen taken at Fort Kenai, Cook's Inlet, Alaska, by Bischof¥. {Osgood) Found breeding in the Kowak valley, Kotzebue Sound, Alaska, in 1899. {Gnrtnell) An adult female was taken on Sheep Creek on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska ; besides being noted at several other points and no doubt breeds there. {Cliaptnan) ■ MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Fifteen; one taken at Ottawa by the writer in May, 1888, and two others by Dr. F. A. Saunders in May, 1890 ; one taken at 'I i 6i8 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Hamilton, Ont. by Mr. Mcllwraith in May, 1888; two taken at Indian Head, Assa. in May, 1892; one at Old Wives' Creek, Assa., May 2livt, 1895; six at Medicine Hat, Assa., in May, 1894, and two at Banff, Rocky Mountains on June 22nd, 1891, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. Three sets of three eggs; two taken at Fort Chimo, Labrador in 1896 by Mr. G. Boucher; one taken on the upper Hamilton River, Labrador in 1894, by Mr. A. P. Low. 6(52. Blackburnian Warbler. Dendroica blackburnia {GtAKi..) Baird. 1858. A young specimen taken in Greenland at Frederickshaab, October i6th, 1845, >s referred here. {Arct. Man.) Audubon, Vol. n., p. 48, saw several in Labrador. {Packard.) A very rare summer resident inland in Nova Scotia. {Downs.) Rare at Bad- deck, Cape Breton Island, July, 1898. {Macoun.) An occasional summer resident at St. John, N.B. {Chamberlaiti.) . A tolerably common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W.H. Moore?) Not very common summer resident at Quebec; taken at Charlesbourg. {Dionne.) A common transient visitant at Mont- real. Observed here from May loth to 24th, but not met with in the autumn. {Wintle) A common migrant at Ottawa. A male in full plumage was seen in Dow's swamp, June 24th, 1890, by Dr. F. A. Saunders. {Ottawa Naturalist., Vol. V.) Commonly seen as a migrant in Leedi. Co., Ont., in the month of May. I never saw a nest or resident birds. {Rev. C.J. Young.) A common summer resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. (/ H.Fleming.) Observed several in thick woods in Algonquin Park, Ont. They keep to the tops of the trees. I have never seen them near the ground. {Spreadborough.) This beautifully attired warbler is just plenti- ful enough at Toronto for all who desire to make their acquaint- ance annually to do so w4th but little trouble. Their favourite resort is among the hemlocks and similar growths. Usually reaching us about loth May and I have seen a few as early as 3rd of May. In the year 1900 I saw several on 21st August. (/. Hughes-Samuel^ A rare summer resident, but a fairly common migrant at London, Ont. {W. E. Saunders.) A passing migrant, fairly common at Guelph, Ont. Seen about May 8th and again about August 28th. {A. B. Klugh.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS g,^ recorded by Murr-iv from Q ^''^'>^'"^n Cnddle,) This species is MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Four; one taken by the writer af Off^ • n* by Dr.DF. A. Saunders Mar^; h 80 T '".^'^' ^'''' '''"°^'^- 1886 by Mr S Herring. V"'' /«9i, one taken at Toronto in ^900. b;Mr;w"s;ra^Loru;r '^°"^"'" '^^'^ ^-- ^^^>' ^^^^. ««5. Black-throated Gray Warbler. ^^«^'•^■^'^ «*:?>-....,« (Towns.) Baird. 1858 on the InternaMonal Boundary in Septemberil """^'"^^"" the on y ones «!PPn / c>k jl , ^"-^'""^'t 1902. Ihesewere Found on h" oa i o fv"^ ''"^"•> ■"'"'^'^ Columbia. i,Lor,.) ""/"*= ^oasi only, not common. (Stre^fnrs -f^Sr., I have only noticed it on the coast. (Fa«2T tH m """"" ' mon summer resident at Chiiliwack. (S) On V '' "'"" Island the peculiar sontr r.f w l^^^^>PJ.j Un Vancouver but no birds'sectred Ve Xrelhrr"'"""^ '"^^'^'' mountains back of Clinton! B.'c' (X.* ) "" ' P'" '" "'^ MUSEUM SPECIMENS. thr?e"a't Zntitl" B C^^St '"b"^' 'T^ '" ^P"'' ^«^^' Spreadborough. ^ ' September 23rd. 1901, by Mr. W. 667. Black-throated Green Warbler. Deftdroica virens (Gmel.) Baird. 1858 One specimen sent from Julianshaab in 1853. {Ant Man \ A Island, N.S. {C.RHartc\ n„L ■ ^' ^'^P'^ ^'■^^°" Buckley Poi„< PHnct:SlL^;':'slrrreedi„nuL!^!^s1 Hrj 620 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. common at Baclclock and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, July, 1898. {Macotin.) Abundant at every place visitefl on Prince Kd- ward Island where the forest was of considerable size. {Dxvight.) A common summer migrant in the vicinity of St. John, N.B. {Chamberlain.) A common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moore) Rare on the Magdalen Islands; one pair seen on Grindstone Island. {Bishop.) Rare in the Resti- gouche valley, N.B. {Brittain & Cox) Met with only about Port Hawksbury, Cape Breton Island, and at Fox and Ellis bays, Anticosti. {Brewster) A rather common summer resident at Quebec ; taken at Charlesbourg. {Dionne) A common spring migrant, but a scarce summer resident at Montreal. Observed here about May 7th and leave about October loth. {Wintle) A moderately common migrant in the vicinity of OttaA-a. {Ottawa Naturalist. Vol. V.) A few of these birds are to be met with in eastern Ontario in the breeding season; I met with a nest once in the month of July, 1898; this was on Deer Island, one of the Thousand Islands; it was built in a pine tree about 25 feet from the ground and at the time contained young birds. {Rev. C.J. Young) A common summer resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. Mr. Kay refers to it as only just becoming common at Port Sydney, Muskoka in 1890. (/. H.Fleming) Not very common in summer in Algonquin Park, Ont. in 1900; only a few observed in the tree tops in thick woods. {Spreadborough) Abundant summer resident around Toronto. (/. Hughes-Samuel) A rather common summer resident in the deeper cedar swamps around London; abundant as a migrant; a common breeding bird in North Bruce. {IV. E. Saunders) Fairly common summer resident at Guelph, Ont., and abundant during migrations. This year (1903) it has been as common a breeder as the yellow and black-and-white warblers and by far our most abundant migrant; arrives about May ist and leaves about September 30th. {A.B. Klugh) One specimen taken at Medicine Hat, Assa., l\ i ■ i^'th, 1894 ; the only one seen; first seen at Edmonton, Alta., May f i'li. 1897J common in spruce woods by May 22nd; breedi.^i ir the v/oods; one pair seen at Peace River Landing in Lat. 56° 15' in June, 1903. {Spreadborough) This species was seen at Avenue, Manitoba, on May 13th and 17th, 1898. {Norman Criddle) CATALOQUR OF CANADIAN BIRDS. MUSEUM SPECIMKN3. 6u Twelve; one purchased with the Holnian collection in ififie ■ two taKen at Ottawa by the writer in Miv i««« i ? f^ ' bv Dr F A c I ■ », "^''^^^ in way, 1H88, also two others bv M ■ S ■ H '" '" ^'^' '^^ = ^^""^ ^^'*^" «t Toronto. Ont . by Mr S. Herring; ,vo at London, Ont., by Mr VV F Saiind.r, one taken in Algonquin Park. Ont.. May 29th^^iio "ne "' Med.cme Hat Assa.. on May I8th. 1894 and two at^Jonton Alta.. May, 1897. all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. '^'^""^"^«"' Two sets of eggs; one set of four eggs taken at Wolfville N S une r7th. .896. by Mr. H. F. Tuft,; nest in a small fie'e^cfu'; feet from the ground, composed of fine twigs and grases lined 668. Townsend's Warbler. Dendroica townsendi (Towns.) Baird. 1858. A few individuals seen at Revelstoke, B.C . in Mav iSnn .n^ a male shot on the .3rd. One taken at kunti^; o^o"' hTl'n er nat.onal Boundary, in September. 1902. the only one seen first seen on Vancouver Island, April 19th, .893; shortly after' thev began to nest .n the Douglas firs near Victoria. A ommon Z^llTT^V''^"^'- ^'P^^^^^orou,H.) British cTum- in Seotmber "^/'"^'V^r'^^'" ^'' '^"^"^^^^ ^^ ^^""^ Lehman in September. {Streator.) East and west of Coast Ranee • nof com,„on. ^Fannin) Migratory at Chilliwack, scarce Tw. Abundant on Vancouver Island, but rare east of t Sas tlfge^ {khoads.) One specimen seen at English Bay near Vancouver BC QuTn'cTa'rS if f ^^ ''''''' ^"^ ^^^^ ^^ c'^T^^he'wa' inlet.' JurLth Mr\ t'^";'-' '5^'^ '"^^^'^ ^^'^^^^ atSkidegate July 4th, Mr. Keen found ,t at Massett and noted its soriner ^^ZIkZvIV: 'T.'f'':'-^ ^ single adult female :ak'e:: at irl Alaska. August :4th. and two others seen at the same time {GnnnelD Hartlaub states that this species was once seen byDr' Krause on May 27th. in conifers of upper Dejah valley. Alaska which IS probably the most northern point from which k h s yet' 3rsT i:it\ , ^""lir^ ^^^'^^^ *°°>^ ^ -^'^ ^^ SkagwaJ May SD uce and fir ; "^ ''"•'""" "' ^'^^'^^ '" ^^e dense woods of spruce and fir. and unquestionably nesting. Altogether we noted about twenty individuals during our stay' Osgoodtook an adult \S 622 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. at the southern end of Lake Marsh, north of Lat. 60°, in the Yukon distn'ct, July 1st, and I an adult female and a young female on the west shore of Lake Labarge, July 14th, Thi? 13 a new species to the Yukon valley. {Bishop.) Two specimens^^ taken respectively in Kenai Mountains, Alaska, August 14th, and at Sheep Creek. August 17th, considerably extend the range of this species to the westward. {Chapman) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Fourteen; one taken at Revelstoke, B.C., May 23rd, 1S90; two at Huntington, B.C., in June, 1901; eleven at Victoria, Van- couver Island, April and May, 1893, all by Mr.W. Spreadborough. 669. Hermit Warbler. Dcndroica occidentalis (Towns.) Baird. 1858. A summer resident, chiefly west of the Coast Range in British Columbia. {Fannin?} We have no other record of this species and yet we have looked for it every season. 670. Kirtland's Warbler. Defidroica kirtlandiBw'B.T). 1858. This is said to be the only warbler occurring in North America of which the nest and eggs are unknown; and prior to the past spring (1900) the appearance of this bird in Canada has not been recorded as far as I have been able to ascertain. My notes are as follows : " i6th May, 1900, 5.30 a.m., morning dull; east wind, warblers, &c., plentiful. After a while I was attracted to the centre of a cluster or tall willow trees by notes — strong, clear and with quite a musical ring— and as the song, short but remark- ably pretty was quite new to me I approached carefully under cover of a tree trunk and found myself within a few feet of my new acquaintance, for such it proved to be. While watching the bird with my field glass I noticed a tendency to jerk his tail slightly, and not like the ostentatious jerk of a water thrush, but more after the nervous manner I have seen adopted in fall by Wtlsonia piisilla. As soon as the bird observed me he darted into another tree, hiding behind a branch, but, curiously enough, still singing. I approached under cover and on taking the bird found I had been fortunate enough to secure a specimen of D. kirtlan ii in good plumage. On stepping the distance from the tree where CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 623 I was stancl.ng o the tree on which the bird was singing when I first heard h.m I found it to be no yards which goesfo show the power of his voice. (/. Hughes-Samuel.) 671. Pine Warbler. Dendroica vigorsii (AuD.) Stejn. 1885 IsIancrNs'7/ "" "L"" v?''' ^^pten^ber 27th, 1902, on Sable Island, N.S. {James Bontnlher.) Said to occur in New Brunswick by Dr. Adams. ^Chamberlain.) Specimens have been taken n -^ontreal. I have shot specimens of this warbler on the spur of Mount Royal from September 12th to 26th. {Wintle.) 0>t LT T"".? "^^'^"^ ^^ °"^^^- ^^'^^''^ Naturalist, Vol. V ) One taken by Mr.Tavernier on April 30th, i8g8, is the only re ord I have for either the Parry Sound or Muskoka district tj H wesToTr T-' T' ''"'^ '^"'■^^ ^'^"-'-^ ^-ong the pint^' west of Toronto ,n 1894, the first arrivals were noted on the 2"' tnri '"ilfi f'^T^'^^' '^^°'' ^"^ ^P--- -d on 20th met wi h'the" ^""^^^'-.r^'^ •'■■"'' ^''"^ ^hese dates I have not met with the species, either on account of none having visited this district or more likely because the haunts in question have been denuded of the trees. (/ Hugkes-Santucl.) ' Rather rare ea' ye^r'if:? -^.s-mer resident, though i/ may be found , -o. luierdDiy common summer resident to th^^ norfK and east of Manitoba. mompsc-Seton.) K ,:^:l^y\lZt ummer resident at Avenue, Manitoba; it arrives about MayTch and leaves about September 2nd. {Norman Criddle) ^ MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Six; four taken at Ottawa by Dr. F. A. Saunders in September. W;r r "' Revelstoke B.C., in May, 1890, by Mr. vV Spreadborough; one purchased with the Holmancolleciion in 1885: 672. Palm Warbler. Dendroica palmarum (Gmel.) Baird. 1858. This species was found common and breeding in the Mer Bleue July 3rd, 1890, by Messrs. W. E. and F. A. Sa u'nders and s^ e .l' of the^young were shot; it was again seen there August 9th of the 624 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. same year. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) Often [found in places where one would not usually look for warblers; the palm warbler reaches us at Toronto early in May in fair numbers, and some- times in the fall it is certainly abundant, as was the case during the last week in September, 1899. (/. Hughcs-Samucl.) Occurs regularly at Toronto but is sometimes rare. (/. H. Fleming.) Usually rare in the migrations, but sometimes quite common around London, Ont.; not known to breed in this district. {W. E. Saunders.) A fairly common spring and autumn migrant at Avenue, Man.; first seen about May loth and last seen Oct. 6th, 1903. {Norman Criddle.) An abundant migrant in eastern Manitoba; apparently all go north to breed. {Thompson-Seton .) Taken at Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. {Clarke) One was seen on a small willow-covered island in Hill River, September 4th, 1901. [E. A. Prebles.) A single specimen of this species was shot on the swampy banks of the Saskatchewan at Cumberland House, in a shady thicket of willows, alders and ash-leaved maples. {Richardson) North to Fort Resolution on Great Slave Lake; rare. {Ross.) 672o. Yellow Palm Warbler. Dendroica palmarum hypochrysea R i dgw . 1876. A specimen was obtained by Drexlerat Moose Factory in July, i860; Audubon, Vol. H., p. 55, found them plentiful in Labrador; •young seen in August. {Packard.) One of the earliest spring migrants and tolerably common in Newfoundland. {Recks) Seen in large flocks on the Humber River, Newfoundland, 1899. {Louis H. Porter) Ono of the earliest arrivals in Halifax, N.S.; not very common. {Downs) A common summer resident at Sydney, Cape Breton Island. [C. R. Hartc) A few observed at Baddeck, Cape Breton Island, in June, 1890. {F. H. Allen.) An incubating female taken atTignish, Prince Edward Island is the only evidence I have of this bird's occurrence there. {Ditight) The first spring warbler at St. John, N.B.; breeds abundantly. {Chamberlain) Spring mig- rant at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moore) A rare spring migrant ai. Quebec. {Dionne) A rare transient visitant at Montreal; I shit a male specimen of this species May 7th, i8gi, on the spur of Mount Royal, this is the only example of this warbler that I have met with in this district. {Wintle) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 625 n,o„ in bushy place, and Vas.e t^ . d on ' wl'lT'^^""- Kingston, Ont., near the end of Anril Zi h • , . "'' ""' They were „,ig,a,i„, ,„. fo..; t^ J t f "X^^^^^^. '^oo. 673. Prairie Warbler. Dendroica discolor (Vieill.) Baird. 1858 The only note I have of this bird reads- "iifh lu ::;LTs'ir;r:„-f„,'i^r""™"^--~^^^ active ,itt,e w^'blr/Xhtl^SItrr ^ i-7-p'' ^- for a cons derable distance ;,<. \l rs x ,? followed it Ultimately I took it:n;:as p a'seT o' find'^tha^; T\ ^° ^^^^• men of the prairie warbler, the first e order '^^' ^ ^^^ ' 'P^''^- bird in Ontario. (/. W..- W /^ O^ltTir^^ °' v,'' on a collecting expedition near To on^o Ont t;'^' "''^ prairie warbler in full Dliima^re ( r ^ .' ' ^ ^''''^ ^ "^^'e XVIII., p. 106.) ^ ^ ^•^- ^- '^'"'' •" ^/'^ ■^''^'- Vol. CCXXIX. SEIURUS SwAiNsoN. 1827. 074. Oven Bird, Golden-crowned Thrush. 5r?V.rw anrocapiUus (Linn.) Ssvains. 1827 A skin taken at Nanortalik, Greenland, in May 1SS2 I. • .u museum at Copenhagen. {Wingc) Steam dm^ " """ sj-cies as breeding in southe^nV^b^: o;. '^"(^.^^^^^^^^^^ abundant along the Moose River; seemed to preferlhf hill T'' of the nver valley that have a heavy growth of bTrch anH f"' none observed as far north as Moose Frtory in 806 ^L^^'^' borough) Locally common as far north ^asAinf' i ^^^'"f eastern Labrador (Bhrrhrn\ A '' '" "°''^h- foundland, but no.'!?™:. UZ""! c"on"""" ^"'- i-esident at Halifax, N.S (Do'.tJ\ T, , """ ™"™'='- Cape Breton Isla.l, '^^ iT^.^pTTtZnT''''''' summer resident a. Sy.lney, Cape Breton Wand C /°;/"",°'; One w,as noted at Ti.nish, Prince Edward Is'l, a'n'i t,^S 626 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. at Souris in the hardwood timber. {Dtvight.) A common sum- mer resident at St. John, N.B. {Chamberlain.) Common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moore:) Tol- erably common in the Restigouche valley, N.B. {Brittain & Cox) Rather common on Grindstone Island, Magdalen Islands. {Bishop.) A single pair was observed at Ellis Bay, Anticosti, July 24th. {Brezvsier.) With us this bird is a common summer resident around Quebec. {Dio/me.) A common summer resident at Montreal. Breeds in Mount Royal park. Nests with eggs found June 5th and 13th and young fledged, June 21st. Observed here May 8th to September 15th. {Wititle.) A common summer resident around Ottawa. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) A very com.mon species in eastern Ontario throughout the summer and heard in almost every large wood, especially where beech trees grow. It makes its domed nest on the ground among the leaves. One I found 29th May, 1896, contained six eggs. {Rev. C. J. Youtig.) One of the most abundant summer residents in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. Breeds on the ground, usually in the open hardwood bush. {J. H. Fl fining.) Everywhere common in hardwood bush in Algonquin Park, Ont. June and July, 1900. {Spreadborough.) Abundant around Toronto. Breeds in many places near the city. (/. Hughes-Samuel.) Abundant resident in all suitable localities around London, Ont. {W. E. Saimders.) Common summer resident at Guelph, Ont. Arrives about May 6th and leaves about Sept. 22nd. {A. B. Klugh.) A specimen was taken at Moose P^ictory, James Bay, in the summer of 1881 by Walter Haydon. {E. A. Prebles.) A common summer resident at Avenue, Manitoba. It arrives on an average of eight years on May 15th, and leaves about the middle of September. {Norman Criddle.) A common summer resident of woodlands throughout Manitoba. {Thonipson-Seton.) Only one specimen seen at Medicine Hat, /.ssa., May 17th, 1894; none at Indian Head in 1891; abundant from the mouth of Lesser Slave River to Peace River Landing, Lat. 56* 15', in June, 1903; common from Edmonton to the crossing of the Mc- Leod River, in June, 1898; first seen May 14th, 1897. at Edmon- ton, Alta., by the 22nd they were common in poplar timber on the hillsides along the rivers and streams. Nests finished but no eggs by June 3rd, {Spreadborough) Not rare betwi-en Athabasca Landing and Lesser Slave River; first noted M.iy 30th; a few CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. ^2^ IT r\ m'^"'''^' ^^''- 5^° 4°'- ^ f-^^ individuals at the north end of Methye portage. {/. Af. A/acoun.) This very pretty bird breeds on the banks of the Saskatchewan, and perhaps in still higher latitudes. One was killed at Cumberland House June 1st, 1827. (Rzc/^ardson.) From Fort Yukon, some distance down the river, this bird is known to breed. Dall tells us that it IS common in that region, and on May 30th secured a single specimen above Nulato; its nesting range extends within the Arctic Circle on the upper Yukon. (Ne/son.) Osgood took a male a Skagway, Alaska, May 31st, 1899. At Glacier it was tolerably common in the dense woods of spruce and fir and un- questionably nesting; altogether we noticed about twenty indi- viduals during our stay. Osgood took an adult at the southern end ot Lake Marsh, July 1st and I an adult female and a voung female on the west shore of Lake Labarge, July 14th. This is a newspeciesto the Yukon valley. (Biskop.) Accidental on Van- couver Island at Esquimault. {Ridgwaj/.) Breeding Notes.-Ou the 14th June as I was passing with a eam of horses attached to a wagon, along a road-way through the above mentioned wood, my companion directed my attention 1:0 he action of a small bird that was seen to flush almost from under the horses feet, and by her manner of running along the groind, indicated that she had been disturbed off her nest A little search discovered her home which contained three young just hatched out ; this was a nest of an oven bird, otherwise known as the accenator, or golden-crowned thrush , it was partly sunk in the virgin mould, amid dry leaves and some wild-flower stalks, and under a small branch, and composed of dry leaves and decayed vegetable stalks, and being covered over like a small hut, or oven, was so well concealed that the passer-by even in searching for it, could fail in most cases to notice it, and this site was only a few inches from where the horses and cattle had walked with heavy steps, and where the wheels of the wagon had sunk deep in the . .ft earth; it contained three young just hatched; and the mother bird in leaving it acted more like a mouse than a creature with wings. {W. L. Kells.) A nest with four eggs found on July 1st, 1903, near Ottawa; it was under a bed of dead leaves roofed over but with a side entrance and had the form of an oven; the materials used were leaves and grass; it was six inches long, SIX inches wide and four inches high; theentrance was three 628 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. inches wide and one and a half inches high. {Garneau.) Breeds at Rice Lake and fairly common at Carleton Junction, Ont.; Mr. Kells has found it nesting at Listowel in northern Ontario. {IV. Raine.) The four eggs of this bird are laid about the first part of June in a dome-shaped nest of grasses and leaves placed on the ground in woods of mixed growth. [VV. H. Moore.) Nests in woods, thickets and swamps at Guelph, Ont. ; nest domed, vary- ing much in composition; most nests are composed of dried grass, leaves, twigs and plant stems, lined with leaves and a little hair, the dome being composed of fine wirv grass; some nests are com- posed almost entirely of pine needles; eggs mostly five in num- ber, pinky-white, very variable as to markings, but usually spotted and blotched, mostly in the form of a wreath on the larger end, with dark reddish brown, light brown and pale lavender. {A. B. Kliigh.) Nest found near Hemlock Lake, Ottawa, built on the ground, composed of dead leaves, moss and grass lined with fine grass and rootlets, eggs four, white, profusely speckled with red- dish brown and lilac. {G. R. White.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Four; one purchased with the Holman collection in 1885; one taken at Ottawa by the writer on May 5th, 1888, and another by Dr. F. A. Saunders on June ist, 1891; one taken at Edmonton, Alta., May 22nd, 189;, by Mr. VV. Spreadborough. One set of five eggs taken at Ottawa and presented to the museum. 675. Water Thrush. Seiurus noveboraccmis (Gmel.) Bonap. 1838. Locally common on the Labrador coast as far north as Aillik.- {Bigelotv.) Several individuals, young of the year among them, were procured by me at Davis Inlet in August, 1884; a specimen was procured at Moose Factory, May 26th, i860 by Drexler. {Packard.) Very abundant all the way down Moose River to Moose Factory; also common at Fort George on James Bay, Lat. 54°; rare farther north; one specimen was taken on a river a short distance inland from Richmond Gulf. Another individual was seen on the Koaksoak above Fort Chimo, August 14th, 1896 ; always found on low wet ground. {Spreadborough.) Abundant along the Humber River, Newfoundland, 1899. {Louis H. Porter.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 629 Rather common summer resident at Halifax, N.S.; occurs also at Kcntv.lle and Grand Lake. {Dozvns.) A pair seen at Sydney, Cape Breton Island, N.S. in 1901. (C. R. Harte.) Observed at Baddeck and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, N.S., July,. 1898 {Macoun.) A few individuals were met with at Tignish, Prince Edward Island only. It is invariably found along brooks or in their near vicinity. {Divigkt.) A summer resident but not a com- mon bird at St. John, N.B. (aamder/am.) A tolerably common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B., breeding in June. (JV H. Moore.) Met with frequently in the Restigouche valley, N.B. {Brittain & Cox.) Common and breeding at Lake M.stassini, Que. (/. M. Macoun.) A scarce summer resident around Montreal; it has been taken at Hochelaga and seen at St Lambert, but no nests have been taken, though it evidently breeds on the island of Montreal. (WMe.) Not uncommon around yuebec, taken at Beauport. {Dionne.) A moderately common summer resident in the vicinity of Ot- tawa. {ittatvaNatumlisi^VolV.) I have noticed this bird both in the counties of Lanark and Leeds, Ont.; in the latter it breeds among the Thousand Islands of the St. Lawrence, as I found a nest as late as July, 1894. {Rev. C. J. Young.) A pair taken by Mr. Kay, at Port Sydney, Muskoka, Ont., on May 24th, 1889 is the only record I have for the district. {J^ H.Fleming) Com- mon everywhere in the flooded woods at the margins of the lakes in Algonquin Park, Ont. {Spreadborough) Breeds commonly around Belmont Lake, Peterboro' Co., Ont.; in the fall migration It is sometimes very abundant near Toronto as was the case from the I2th August to 15th September, 1900. U.Hughes-Samuel.) Common in the migrations at London, Ont.; a few breed in retired localities. {W.E. Saunders.) Common summer resident at Guelph Ont. ; arrives about April 30th, and leaves about August 29th' {A.B. Klugh.) I have a set of five eggs that were taken by Mr Kelis at Listowel, western Ontario, on May 22nd, 1890; the nest was built in a cavity of a turned-up tree root in a swamp (W Ratne.) 1 v • Breeding NoxES.-Nest found on the bank of the Rideau River near Ottawa; it was built by the side of a log and composed of moss, old leaves and plant stems, intermixed with black rootlets Lggs 5 white with reddish brown spots, mostly at the larger end (G. A. IVhtte) Near the centre of the woodland, adjoining Wild- 't'I 630 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. wood on the north, is a natural water " runway " where most of the large timber was up-rooted in the terrible wind and ice storm of April, some seven or eight years ago; in one of those up-turned roots, below which there is, in the early season, a deep pool of water, I have on several occasions, in past years, noticed a nest of a water-thrush, and expected this year to take a set of its eggs from a cavity in the same old root, but a delay of several days having occurred after the time when I intended to have visited it for that purpose, I found when I did so on the 28th May, that I was too late, the nest was there, but a glance at the four eggs which it contained showed by their galvanized appearance that they were far advanced in incubation, and I did not remove or revisit them; the cavity in which this nest was placed was small, the bird had either found it ready for her purpose, or had partly enlarged it, and the nest itself was made of weed-stems, dry grass, animal hair, and " hair-moss." Usually when the cavity is large, this species uses a quantity of dead leaves in the construction of her nest. (W. L. Ktils.) This bird is commoner at Sharbot Lake than on the St. Lawrence. Here I have found a number of pairs breeding in 1903. One pair had a nest and young on a small island, June 12th, 1903. {Rev. C.J. Yoiw^.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Two taken in Algonquin Park, Ont., May 28th, 1900, by Mr. W. Spreadborough. 675a. Grinnell's Water-Thrush. Seiurus novcboracensis notabilis (Ridgw.) Ridgw. 1885. We saw our fir=t water-thrush at Painted Stone Portage. It was close to the edge of the water and was running through the under- growth which fringed the foot of a cliff. On the afternoon of the same day, June 26th, we noted another at Robinson Portage, and on June 30th, a third at Oxford Lake. When we arrived at Oxford House we found the species rather common, and from there to York Factory, as we descended the rivers, its sprightly song was heard daily. A pair seen at a portage on Hill River, July 7th, were feeding young just from the nest. Three specimens were taken in the marshy woods about York Factory, where the species was common July nth to 17th, and one was taken August 8th by Alfred E. Prebles on Churchill River about 15 miles above Fort CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN DIRDS. 631 Churchill. These proved to be intermediate between novabomcen- sn and notabths, but nearer to notabilis. {E. A. Prcbles.) Two spec.mens from Chemawaw.n. near Grand Rapids of the Zl katchewan. agree more nearly with the species than with S. nova- ^oraccns^s notabrUs. iNuttins.) A specimen of this species was 7ZT:i,twlT ^^f^^-^^ G-- Hills, on'thehelu Jrow h '"■• ^' ^^' '''^^'" ^'^^^"•^^ '■" the under- S^ ^T""^'"^^ ^«'"^, '■--'y pools near Chief Mountain. {tones) A summer resident along watercourses in Manitoba They were very abundant at Humphrey's Lake on August gth." IHM. B-v.dently preparing to migrate. {rhompson-Seton) h MTiTtl^'^r.'' ''"'''''r' ^' ^^'^""^' ^'-^"'^-ba, arriving about May 13th and leavmg late in September. {Norman Criddle) thefirlM".- r',''"' 'P""^ "^'^'■''^"^ ''' ^"^"^" H^ad, Assa. It one r '" k"'; "" °" ''^^^^ "^'^' they became common and shores o^LT '""' '" '^""^^ '"'' ^ '^" ^'^>'^ '-^'-^^ ^^reams and shores o lakes; one specimen seen at Edmonton, May 15th 1897. evidently a migrant; common from the mouth of Lesse Slave River to Peace Ri.er Landing, in Lat. 56° 15', June loov \ZlrT ^""'"°" ^^'^^ ^' Banff. Lcl^y'ttrs' near' Ro II ' ''• '?/''' °"' ''^'" °" '^^' ^"ternational Boundary' onfv seen fr ' l'^ "^^ '^°'- ('^/^-^^^'^--'^/'•) This bird was ^hick Iv 1 I T "r "^'^' '' f^^q"^'"ted the moist and thickly wooded points of the river. It arrived in May and dis- S/w"\' '."'r- P-bably going further north to bre . {Ruhardson.) North to Lapierre's House, on the Mackenzie Rver; common {Ross.) Two specimens were taken at Duck " August 7th and gth, 1889. {Streator.) Found breeding along mt.r,or steams of British Columbia; Lac la Hache and Bc^^apart^ at I r8 M n R^ ?n'^^'''^ '' ^"^^"^'' ^^ C- ^"^1 less commonly at If8-Mile House. {Brooks.) The barren coast of Behring Sea from the mouth of the Yukon north and south affords it but little shelter in the spring, hence . s extreme ranty there in spring. It occurs in spring wh;re the dense growth of bushesabout Kot.ebue Sound affords'it available freauenfin'^T'f • I ''* ''" ^""^'^ °"^ °^ ^^e commonest bush- n en oTZ .'^ "' '''u '" ''^ ""^^'^- ^^^^^^'^ Several speci- mens of this bird were obtained at St. Michael in August, i876 mrnlrTl fi r'"' ;' ''"" ^^^'"^ ^^^ ^reedln^g season." {rurner.) The first sound that I heard on the morning of August 633 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 1st, \vhi;n we were on a small island about 10 miles below Sixty- mile Creek, was the unmistakable alarm note of the water-thrush. This was the first time we had met with this species, and before startin^f that morning on our daily Yukon drift, Osj,'ood and I each secured a young bird. Near Forty-mile Creek, Tatondu River and Charlie Creek water-thrushes were again met with. At Circle I saw several August l6th-20th, took one 15 miles above Fort Yukon, August 2lst, and saw two in a thicket at the Aphoon mouth August 28th. The young in fi " plumage taken on the Yukon are clove-brown above, including wings and tail— far darker than is usual in notabilis—anCi have darker streaks below. {Bishop.) I have a nest and four eggs taken by Rev. Mr. Stringer at the mouth of Mackenzie River, June loth, 1899. Nest on the ground under willows near the river bank. {W. Raine.) For a few days after our arrival in August at the site of our new winter quarters on the Kowak, Kotzebue Sound, Alaska, this species was moderately common. It frequented the alder and willow thickets along the streams and was shy antl restless. The species arrived in the spring on May 22nd, and was henceforth common^ especially in the Kowak delta in June; but it was not detected west of the tree limit. {Grinncll) An immature male was taken at Homer, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, August l8th, 1901. This is undoubtedly a rare bird at Homer, as one specimen was all I noted. ( C /lap man . ) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Two; one taken at Indian Head, Assa., May 24th, 1892; one at Peace River Landing, Lat. 56"^ 15' June 24th, 1903, both by Mr. W. Spreadborough. (•>76. Louisiana Water-Thrush. Scinriis moiacilla (Vieill.) Bonap. 1850. A rare summer resident in Middlesex Co., Ont. ; not noted further north. {W. E. Saunders^) The large-billed water-thrush is by no means so common a bird in Ontario as the preceding species, but along the southern border of the province, wherever there is a rocky ravine, its loud, clear notes are almost sure to be heard in the spring, mingling with the sound of the falling water. It arrives from the south early in May and leaves in September. {Mclhvraith.) CATALOGUH OK CANADIAN BIRDS. 633 CCXXX. GEOTHLYPIS Cahanis. fi77. Kentucky Warbler. Geothlypis fonnosa (Wir.s.) Rnxnv. 1885. Tiken at Quebec by Mr. Nelson. {Diomie.) Onlv one speci- men known from near London, Ont. ; this was taken by Robert Elliott near Bryanston in a thicket of well grown thorn trees in May, 1898. {W. E. Saumiers.) MUSEUM SPECIMEN. One purchased with the Holman collection in 1885. 678. Connecticut Warbler. Geothiypis a ffilis {WiLs.) Gregg. 1870. A rare mifrrant at London, Ont. {W. E. Saunders.) A regular spring and autumn visitor to this district reaching us about 20th May and leaving for the north a few days later, 30th May being the latest date on which I had noted it; as this bird is with us again before the end of August it is not unreasonable to hope that It will be found nesting at no great distance. While here the bird is very ■jhy and keeps as much as possible to dense under-growths of vines, but when driven to the trees it tries to conceal itself by sitting motionless behind a limb; a curious habit of this bird is to walk slowly along the small branches of a tree peering into every crevice for insects, much after the manner Seii/rus aurocapillus. Its song, which I have only heard on two occasions, has considerable merit, and it has also another note not at all unlike the well- known "teacher" of the oven-bird. I saw one or more of these bircls daily from 22nd to 30th May, 1900; in the fall they are here during August and may be seen creeping cautiously through borders of ConvolviiH and Nasturtiums ; ox^ i8th May, 1896, I took a specimen in Jackson's Park, Peterboro'. Ont. ' (/. Hughes- Samuel.^ A somewhat common summer resident of tamarac swamps in Manitoba; on June 21st, 1883, in the Carberry swamp found a nest and eggs of this species. For full description of this nest and eggs see T/ie Auk for April, 1884, p. 192. On June 14th, 1884, at Duck Mountain, found one or two pairs breeding in the tamarac swamp near there. {T/iompson-Setou.) A tolerably common summer m 634 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. resident at Avenue Manitoba, arriving about the niiddio of May anil leaving about Sept. 7tii. {Nomtiin CriddU) The writer paid a visit to the swamp south of Carberry in June, iHg6, and hat! the good fortune to secure a nest on the outskirts of the bog and almost on a level with the water. It contained one egg and three very young birds; there seemed no scarcity of excited birds as I floundered through the bog. <»7i>. Mourning Warbler. Gi'oth/)>f>is philddelphitj iWn.'A.) Haird. 185S. One specimen obtained at the I''iskin;ees in 1846, another at Julianshaab in 1853. (Arct. Man.) Rare about Ilalifa.x, but common in the interior of Nova Scotia as a summer resident. {Do7vus.) Apparently rare on Prince Edward Island, though a few were found at Souris m the bushy edges of dry fields, adjoin- ing woods. {Dwiffht.) A rare summer resident at St. John, N.B. {Chamberlain.) Not uncommon in the upper part of the Resti- gouche valley, N.B. {Rntlain & Cox.) A rare species around Quebec; taken at Beauport. {Diontie.) Transient and scarce visitant around Montreal. Has been shot at Outremontancl Ilochelaga. {Wintlc.) A moderately common summer resident around Ottawa. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) A few of these birds breed in the county of Leeds, Ont. I met with the nest on 31st May, 1893, containing four t;gS^ mucl. resem- bling those of the yellow-throat. A peculiarity of the nest, and one I believe generally observed, is that it is lined with black fibres and rootlets and not as the yellow-throat with fine grass and hair. This bird is a common species during migrations on the Magdalen Islands and probably breeds there also. {Rev. C. J. Young) A fairly common resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. It is one of the latest arrivals in spring. (/. H. Fleming) Quite common along the Parry Sound Railway in Algonquin Park, Ont., always in dry thickets. {Spreadborougli) A not un- common summer resident all over western Ontario. {W. E Saunders) Uncommon; but perhaps considered more so than it really is as the bird is such an adept at keeping out of sight. Still if one knows their haunts and reaches them about i8th to 24th May he may see a few if he will only sit down close to the ground and keep quiet; though on walking through one of their favourite retreats one can be almost sure to hear the warning or CATALOOUE OF CANADIAN B|kim. 63 s I . . I have- h.ar„„f , „h , o h MnV c^ 'T " '■'' '""" '""" nn-l leav« abou, September ■." (I^Xr) '"' ""■ sun,„,er resident a. Avenue, Manitoba; irr^e I Mw L ' ?o '' and cl„appeare..) An abundant summer resident at Halitax, ^.S. ; breeding in wet places. (Dozuns.) One indi- vidual taken on Sable Island, N.S.. May 23rd, 1902. (/.,,«., Bonteilher.) A pair seen at Sydney, Cape Breton Island, N S May 25th, 1901. (C. R, Harte.) Common at Baddeck and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, July, 1898; Hunter's River Prince Edward Island, July 2nd, 1888. {Macom,.) Found sparingly in the western portions of Prince Edward Island {Divtght) Common near St. John, N.B., throughout the summer season {Ummberlatn) Common summer resident at Scotch Lake ^orkCo., N.B. {W.H.Moore) Rare in the valley of the Resti- gouche River, N.B. {Brittain &■ Cox) Probably on' the Magdal n Islands; not seen but heard. {Bishop) Met with at Fox Bay, Anticosti, where two specimens were seen. {Brezvster) This is the most common warbler in eastern Quebec ; taken at Beauport. {Dionne) A common summer resident on Montreal Island. Breeds in Mount Royal park. {Wiutle) A common iij 638 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. I summer resident in the vicinity of Ottawa. {Gttaiva Naturalist, Vol. V.) A very common warbler about Lansdowne, Leeds Co., Ont., where after the yellow warbler it is the most frequently seen of all others. I have found its nest several times, usually built in long grass and brush a little above the ground, sometimes as much as twelve inches. I have seen eggs in May, June and July. This species was also common on the borders of a marsh on Amherst Island, Lake Ontario. {Rev. C. J. Young.) A fairly common summer resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. Arrives about the same time as the mourning warbler. (/. H. Fleming.) Only one individual observed on Moose River, near Moose Fac- tory, June 7th, 1896; not common in Algonquin Park, Ont.; found in low wet ground amongst grass and low bushes. Saw a nest with four young about a week old in a clump of grass in a marsh on June 26th, 1900. {Sprcadborough.) Generally abundant about Toronto. I have found it in great abundance in all suitable places near Peterborough, Ont. (/. Hughes-Samuel.) Common summer resident at Guelph, Ont. Arrives about May loth and leaves about September i6th. {A. B. Klugh.) Observed at Pembina, on Turtle Mountain, and in the Rocky Mountains, but not in the open country between these points. ( Coues.) An abundant summer resident in the wooded portions of Manitoba; the Maryland yellowthroat is an abundant resident at Duck Mountain, Man.; its favourite haunts are low damp thickets, so that it is in a measure the complementary species of the mourn- ing warbler, which manifests a liking for none but the driest of copses. {Thompson-Setofi.) This is a common breeding summer resident at Avenue, Manitoba; arrives about May 20th and stays to September. {Norman Criddle.) This is a common summer resid- ent at Indian Head, Assa.; it was first seen May, 21st, 1892, and became common in a few days; they breed in considerable num- bers, nesting in rushes about a foot from the ground on the edge of small lakes; first seen at Medicine Hat, Assa., May 15th, 1894, the)' never became common ; late in June the same year they were very common in all the willow thickets bordering the upper branches of Swift Current Creek in the east end of the Cypress Hills; one specimen was shot at 12-Mile Lake, near "ood Moun- tain, Assa., June 6th, 1895; later in the month it was taken on Rocky Creek near the 49th parallel and on Frenchman's River; it was common in the Cypress Hills wherever there was brush, and CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 639 the same .n the Milk River valley and along St. Mary's River and at Waterton Lake; first seen at Edmonton, Alta., May 27th 1807 Edm^t ". T'"' '" .''^^-"«- by June ist ; common from Edmonton to the summit of the Rocky Mountains in Yellowhead Pass m July, 1898, breeding in willow thickets on the borders of marshes; common from Lesser Slave Lake to Peace River Land- ing, Lat 56 15, m June, 1903; quite common in the foothills onlra.'^'r ^°f ^^f ^' ' "?'* ^°"^^'"'"g ^^^^ ^ggs was found of drv l^r Tk " -^""^ '^'^' '^97, in a tuft of grass, nest made ot dry grass, this was a common species at Banf¥, within the Rocky Mountains in June, 1891. {SpreaUborough.) Breeding NoxES.-Breeds at Ottawa and Lake Nominingue 00 miles north of it, from the middle of May to the middle of ;" ^' /k 'l! '" '""^""P^ P*^"^' ^"^ undergrowth, on or near the ground hidden among reeds, weeds and small bushes; they are made of reed-stalks, grasses and leaves, lined with fine grass and ometimes a few hairs; two nests were found in reed-plants hav- ing the form of inverted cones five inches long. Nests average 4 X 3 and 2 x 1-50 {Ganieau) Nests are built in low bushes close to the ground at Ottawa, composed ot dead leaves and grass, lined with fine grass, hair and rootlets. Eggs 4 to 6, whitef sparingly sprinkled at larger end with brown. {G. R. White) The nests I have seen contained eggs the first week in Junef; the nest is well concealed, but I have seen two, which were six or eight inches above the ground; one of these was in a small elm sapling, around which long rank grass grew; I could not assign the nest to any other species as the eggs were similar to others I had seen and a male bird was hopping about in the immediate vicinity. (Rev C. J. Young) ■ ^ MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Eleven; one taken at Ottawa by Dr. F. A. Saunders; one pur- chased with the Holman collection in 1885; one taken at Ottawa in May, 1888, by the writer; one taken at 12-Mile Lake near Wood Mountain, Assa., June sth, 1895, two at Medicine Hat, Assa., May 1894, three at Edmonton, Alta., in May, 1897, two at Banff, Rocky Mountains, June, 1891, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. Three sets of eggs; one of three taken at Indian Head, Assa, June 6th 1892; one of four taken on Bragg's Creek, foothills of Rocky Mountains, Alta., June 28th, 1897, both by Mr. Spread- ft',., 6^0 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. borough; one set of four eggs taken at Lansdowne, Ont., June 6th, 1888, by Rev. C. J. Young; nest a few inches from the ground in a field, in clump of wild plum and spiraea. 6816. Pacific Coast Yellow-throat. Geothlypis trichas arizela Oberholsek. 1899. Pacific coast region of southern British Columbia to California. Taken at Comox, Vancouver Island. {Oberholser) First seen at Revelstoke, B.C., on May isth, 1890, later they became common and commenced to breed, the males were very much in evidence; late in June they were found breeding at Robson, on the Colum- bia River; one individual was observed in a marsh at Sheep Creek, on the International Boundary in May, 1902; quite common in thickets along the North Thompson at Kamloops, B.C., in June, 1889; very common in wet woods at Agassiz, B.C., in May, t 189 ; observed a number at Chilliwack, B.C., in the spring of 190 1 , saw one at Huntington on the International Boundary, B.C., in autumn; rather rare on Vancouver Island, a few taken in 1893. {Spread- borough.) Common eve y where; breeds. {Streator.) A common summer resident throughout the greater portion of the province. {Fatifiin.) An abundant summer resident at Chilliwack. {Brooks.) Rare on Vancouver Island, abundant at Lulu Island in the Fraser valley, and about the shores of reedy lakes in the interior of British Columbia. {Rhoads.) museum specimens. Nine; two taken at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1889, one at Chilliwack, B.C., May 27th, 1901, two at Burnaby Lake, near Vancouver, B. C, in April, 1889, three at Revelstoke, B.C., in May, 1890, and one at Robson, Columbia River, June 21st, 1890, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. CCXXXI. ICTERIA Vieillot. 1807. 683. Yellow-breasted Chat. Icteria virens (Linn.) Baird. 1865. The only specimen of this species I ever collected was on l6th May, 1884, when I found a dead individual near my house where it was probably killed by a telegraph wire. A week or so after- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 641 G T R It W 7T^ "i'- ''"''^°"' ^^^° '^ ^tation-master on the G.T.R. at Waterdown, he pointed out to me an old, unused mill race, grown up w th briars and brambles, where the day beforThe had seen a pair of cnats mated. Mr. Dickson was co lee Hn^ at the time, and was greatly surprised at their sudden appearance ward" >V '' "'r^ '^ "^^ standing, but on his moXTack ward, w.th a view of getting to a safer shooting distance thev disappeared n the thicket and did not again become vis ble r;^ ce^^A^rTf th^'' "^'"'"^ ^^ '^"^ ^^ '^ remained ta; cne place. A pair of this species was also found by Mr Saunders breeding on the north shore of Lake Erie, near Point P lee whth Z^^ ''' '-' '- ^"-'•- - ^- - ^ ^ave hear?.' ti^. MUSEUM SPECIMEN. One specimen purchased with the Holman collection in 1885. 683a. Long-tailed Chat. Icteriavirenslongicauda (Lawr.) Coues 1872 Deiow Ashcrof , B.C., I secured two males of this species- anothe was heard singing on a ranch above the town. {Rhoal\ Y^l Kamloops south through the Okanagan district of B C (Vi,!) Sumas. ,n the Fraser River vallejf, 26th May. 1897. (i.i£) CCXXXII. WILSONIA Bonap. 1838. 684. Hooded Warbler. Wilsonia mitrata (Gmel.) Bonap. 1838 Mr. Norval reports finding this species occasionally at Port Rowan, on the north shore of Lake Erie, and I onc^ found a ^oung male near Hamilton. Ont. It was found towards he end ad this"'''" h'^k''' '^^" ^ ''^ '^'^^— the previou night and h.s one had been apparently carried away in the c3d (i/./W^.) A specimen of this warbler, rare "^nOtario "as' captured at Cataraqui. near Kingston. Ont.. and is now in The collection of a resident there. {Rev. C.J. Young.) MUSEUM specimen. One purchased with the Holman collection in 1885. Sgp ll' 5^2 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 685. WUson's Warbler. IVtlsonia pusilla (Wils.) Bonap. 1 838. Audubon, Vol. II., p. 21. records it as breeding in Labrador, and a nest obtained. {Packard.) Common at Moose factory June 9th, 1896; observed one at Fort George, on James Bay, 150 miles further north, on June 20th; none seen a terwards {Spread, bormgh.) A summer migrant in Newfoundland, but not very common. {Reeks) Abundant Vx-^-Vie number R.ver, New- foundland, 1899. {Louis H.Po. ^''' ''''''""\'T^TJ^ Halifax, N.S. {Downs) One sp..,.nen was secured at T.gnh Prince Kdward Island, in an extensive arbor-v.t^ and alder swamp. Not common at Baddeck, Cape Breton Is and, m 1887. (DwWit) An uncommon summer resident at St. John JN.B. {cZibellain) Only observed twice at Ellis Bay Ant.cost., when the old ones were feeding young fledglings. {Brewster) Met with in the woods around Quebec; taken at Beauport (Diomw) A transient and scarce visitant at Montreal. Observed in y in spring. Has been seen as late as July 13th on the island of Montreal. {Wintle.) A moderately common summer resident around Ottawa. Found breeding in the Mer Bleue 3rd July, 890, bv Messrs. W. E. and F.A.Saunders. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol W) A rare migrant in eastern Ontarjo. Not uncommon on the Mag- dalen Islands and frequently observed about ^mgan Que in June, 1898, where they breed. {Rev. C. J. F.««^.) The only lecord I have for Parry Sound and Muskoka districts is tha of a male which I took on the Magnetawan River, near Emsdale, on 2dth Mav 1807 (/. H. Fleming) I notice it around each spring at Toronl'abouTthe third week in .ay, and in the fall they some- times become very abundant, choosing usually wilows near the banks of a stream I have seen such places alive with thes. birds from 2lst August to 9th September. (/. Hughes- Samuel.) A aTmigrant in Middlesex Co., Ont. A single male was no ed in full song in North Bruce on 20th June, 1900, where 1 was doubt- less breeding {W.E.Saunders) Fairly common during m.gra- IrnsarGueTphJont. Seen about May i8th and aga ab August 27th. {A.B.Klugh) Rather common in the under- growth bordering a swamp'at Robinson Portage, June 27th, 1901. Several were seen at York Factory, July lOth to 17th, on,e being taken July 14th. {E. A. Prebles) fil CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 643 A common species eastward, but only observed on the 49th parallel in the Rocky Mountains near Chief Mountain. (Cot/es.) A rare migrant in eastern Manitoba. Near Long River, Man., I saw a black-capped warbler on May 21st, 1882, my only record, though others claim it is a summer resident. {Thompson-Seton) Found at Grand Rapids and Chemawawin on the Saskatchewan. {Nutting.) One pair seen at Fort McMurray, Lat. 56° 40'; common on the Methye Portage; common between Methye Portage and Isle a la Crosse. (/. M. Macoim,) A tolerably common summer resident at Avenue, Manitoba; arrives about May i8th and leaves about the middle of September. {Norman Criddle.) Three individuals were seen on May 15th, 1894, at Medicine Hat, Assa., and later a few more; first seen at Edmonton, Alta., on May 29th, 1897,3 few pairs remained to breed; quite common and breeding at Banff, Rocky Mountains, in June, 1891; abundant at Revelstoke, on the Columbia River, from May 15th, 1890, nested in the woods in large numbers; observed one individual on the International Boundary near Trail in May, 1902. {Spreadborough.) North to Lapierre's House on the Mackenzie River; very rare. {Ross.) This is one of the commonest brush-frequenting species in the north and extends its breeding range to the shores of the . Arctic Ocean where it is found breeding about Kotzebue Sound as well as along the entire coast of Norton Sound, wherever shelter is afforded. {Nelson.) The series of Wilson's warbler taken in eastern and western British Columbia compared among themselves and with specimens from the Atlantic States are devoid of any differences which would justify their separation. {Rhoads.) A single specimen of this species was captured by a native in the Bushes which skirted a lake about a mile distant from the redoubt at St. Michael; it is not a common bird in that vicinity, occurring only in the fall migrations; other specimens were obtained from Fort Yukon and Nulato, where it is not rare. {Turner.) Osgood took an adult female near the Chandindu River, Aug. 4th, 1899, and I a young female nearCharlie Village, Aug. nth, and a young mrle 25 miles above Circle City, Alaska, Augu-t 20th. These birds, while not typical pusilla, are. like those of the lower Yukon, nea.v&r \\. Xhdin pileolafa. {Bishop.) Breeding Notes. -On June 14th, 1893, I found a nest and four eggs of this species and secured the parent. The nest was built on the ground in a willow swamp in a clump of herbage on the 644 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. edge of Vermilion Lake at Banff, Alberta. {W. Raine.) Nest, in a hemlock tree near the ground in woods near Ottawa, com- posed of dry moss and twigs compacted together; lined with tine fibre and fine grass; eggs 4, dull white, sprinkled with reddish and brown dots towards the larger end where the markings form a circle, leaving the extremity plain. {G. R. White.) This is a rare warbler in Ontario; a nest was taken in the vicinity of Lansdowne, Leeds Co., in June, 1894 not very far from the St. Lawrence; there were four eggs in this nest, which was built on the ground ; they were small and white, thickly marked with fine brick-red spots. {Rev. C.J. Young.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seven; one taken at Ottawa by Dr. F. A. Saunders, July 3rd, 1890; one taken at Hyde Park near Toronto, by Mr.S. Herring, in May, 1891; one at Medicine Hat, Assa., May 17th, 1894; three at Canmore, Rocky Mountains in May, 1891, and one at Banff,Rocky Mountains, June 15th, 1891, all by Mr. Spreadborough. 686a. Pileolated Warbler. Wilsonia pusilla pileolata (Pall.) Coues. 1880. Rather rare at Agassiz, B.C., in May, 1889; observed at Chilli- wack, B.C. and along that river to the head of Chilliwack Lake in the summer of 1901; first seen on May 7th, 1893, near Victoria, Van- couver Island, by the 14th, they were common in all the willow thickets: they were seen at Sooke, Nanaimo, Comox and other points and are a common summer resident on the island. {Spread- borough?) British Columbia. {Lord?) More common in the coast region than in the interior; breeds. {Streator.) A common sum- mer resident, chiefly west of the Coast Range. {Fannin.) A tolerably common summer resident at Chilliwack. {Brooks.) As early as May 12th, these birds have been found feeding their young in Oregon; from this region it extends north and occupies the entire Pacific shore of the Alaskan mainland. {Nelson.) An adult male was taken at Sitka, Alaska, on August i8thand several others including juveniles seen on August 21st; they were in low brush along the shores of a secluded bay where they possibly breed. {Grinnell.) We found this the most abundant bird at Glacier, June 5-10, frequenting the alder thickets from the valley as far as they CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 645 -■xtendecl up the hflls; I saw a yellow warbler I thought of this spec.es on Wh.te Pass summit, June 12th; pileolated warble were common at Log Cabin. Bennett, and Caribou Crossing, and am comfident I heard them singing at Lake Marsh; adult males from Glacier resemble nonr^^X pile data closely, but have the back rather more green; those from the Yukon valley, while having the orange forehead and lower parts of this form, have the duller green back oipusilla. {Bishop.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. A^sT^.^r'' -'Ir •■'^/--el^toke, B.C., in May, 1890; two at Agas.iE. B.C., m May, 1889; one at ChiUiwack, B.C., May 2^rd rSpTeadrorgh":'"^'^' ^^^-^^-^^^ ^^'^"'' ^^-- '«^3. al.\; 686. Canadian Warbler. Wilsonia canadensis (Linn.) Coues. 1880. (ptwr'A^^'-^'P-'^' ••^P'^'-^^ '^ ^^ breeding in Labrador. ^.^^W) A not uncommon summer migrant in Newfoundland. KKeeks.) Rather common about Tignish, Prince Edward Island but not met with elsewhere. {Dwight.) An occasional summed resident at St John, N.B. {Chamberlain.) A tolerably common summer resident, frequenting moist woods and shrubbery, at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moore) Occurring occa- sionally ,n the valley of the Restigouche River. N.B. (jBHttahi & An infrequent visitor in eastern Quebec, taken at Beauport. KVtonne:) A scarce summer resident around Montreal; observed from May 20th to September 2nd; a few breed. {Wintle) A moderately common summer resident around Ottawa. {Ottawa Naturahst, Vol. V.) Frequently met with about Kingston. Ont • a tew remain to breed in the district. {Rev. C.J. Young) A com- mon summer resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts U- H. Fleming) Common everywhere in Algonquin Park Ont in thick woods, usually seen near the ground; one individual seen at Moose Factory, James Bay, June nth, 1896. {Spreadborough) Common during migration at Toronto. Ont.. but less so duringthe summer. (/. Hughes-Samuel.) A fairly common breeder in suitable swampy thickets around London, Ont. {W. E. Saunders.) Com- 646 GEOLOGICAL • SURVEY OF CANADA. mon summer resident at G uelph, Ont.; arrives about May iitii. 1. leaves about August 28th. {A. B. Klugh.) A summer resident of wooded hillsides in Manitoba, but its habits are not very well known; has been found more frecjuently to the north of Manitoba. {Thompson-Seton.) A rare summer resid- ent at Avenue, Manitoba ; arrives about May 20th and leaves about the last of August. {Norman Criddle.) A single specimen of this bird was killed in June at Cumberland House; it was in a dense thicket of alder, perched near the ground. {Richardson.) One specimen secured at Grand Rapids and another at Chemawawin, Saskatchewan River. {Nuiiitig.) One specimen taken at Moose F"actory, James Bay, by Mr. Walter Haydon, in the summer of 1881. {E.A. Prebles.) Not observed anywhere west of Manitoba except at Edmonton, Alta., where a few were observed and one taken May 29th, 1897. {Spreadborough) Breeding Notes. — June 12th, 1902, I found this bird nesting at Rice Lake, Ont. ; nest in a cavity of a fallen tree root in deep woods. {W.Raine.) Nests near Ottawa and at Lake >^ominingue, 100 miles north of Ottawa, in June and July; it is built on the ground in the woods, and made of dried leaves, lined with fine grass, strips of bark and hairs; the walls are thin for a nest made of leaves. {Garneau.) On the 28th May, when passing the " old root " of a fallen tree I discovered the newly made nest of a small bird, which at first I thought might h^ that of a mourning warbler, whose scolding notes I heard near by; on the 5th June, when I thought the set of eggs would be deposited I revisited the place; on the nest sat the mother bird, and there she remained until I almost touched her with my hand, «^hen she flushed out, making some attempts to draw off my attention, and uttered a few sharp " chips," and I saw at once that she was a Canadian warbler; the nest then contained five eggs, and incubation had begun ; the nest was placed in a cavity among the rocks, only a few inches above the more level earth, and was composed of dry leaves, strips of bark, and other fine vegetable fibres, and lined with some long horse-hair; when placed side by side with that of M. varia previously described, I make this comparison of the nests and their sets of eggs, after the latter are blown; the nests — in composition and size — are very much alike; both are rather loosely put together, but there is quite CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 647 a distinguishing difference in the eggs ; those of M. varia are actually the largest, and more globular in form, and the ground colour more of a chalky whiteness, and the spotting more of a brownish hue; with a general tendency to form a wreath about the larger end, and be distributed over the surface, even to the smaller point; the eggs of the Canadian warbler have a clear white hue, with a beautiful rosy blush, and the colouring which clouds the whole of the larger end of each egg, has more of an orange tinge than either reddish or brown, the dotting on the surface is more separated, and the approach to the smaller point more devoid of dotting than are those M. varia, but in all the specimens the variations are so numerous that it is difficult to describe them ; this species is very local in its distribution, being generally found to frequent the borders of swampy woodlands, having much the same habitat as the water-thrush and M. varia, but here it is more abundant than either of the other species, and seems more disposed to explore the underwood of the higher hardwood lands and nest on more level ground; altogether about a score of the nests of this species have come under my observation in my woodland rambles in the vicinity in the past twenty years; and, as in the case of the water-thrush, black-and-white warblers, and several other species, several of ^hese nests were in cavities' pre- viously prepared for them. {IV. L. Kelts. .) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seven; one purchased with the Holman collection in 1885; four taken at Ottawa by Dr. F. A. Saunders in May' 1891; one taken in Algonquin Park, Ont., May 26th, igoo muI one at Edmonton, Alta., May 29th, 1897, by Mr. W. Spread borough. CCXXXIII. SETOPHAGA. Swainson, 1827. €87. American Redstart. Setophagaruticilla(Li^ii.)S\Nkn;s. 1827. A specimen was taken at Rupert House, Srptember 3rd, i860, by Mr. James McKenzie. {Packard.) Common all along Moose River to James Bay. On June 9th, found a nest with two eggs in a white birch about four feet from the ground. Nest composed of fine bark lined with the down of some plant. {Spreadborough.) A summer migrant but rare in the north of Newfoundland. {Reeks.) An abundant summer resident in Nova Scotia. {Doxvns.) L>'. m 648 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Common at Baddeck and Mar^farec, Capo IJreton Island, N.S., July, l8g8; in woods alonj,' Rustico Bay, Prince Kdward Island, June, 1888. {Macoun.) An abundant summer resident on Prince Edward Island. {Ihvig/it.) A common summer resident in New Brunswick. {Otamberlain.) Tolerably common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moon.) An abundant summer resident on the Magdalen Islands. {Bishop.) Not un- common at Ellis and Fox bays, Anticosti, and others at Mingan, on the North Shore. {Bmvster.) Common in the Restigouche valley, N.B. {Brittain & Cox^) A rather common summer resident in eastern Quebec; taken at Beauport. {Diotitie.) An abundant summer resident around Montreal. Breeds in the city and in Mount Royal park. Ob- served from May nth to August 29th. {VVititle.) Common summer resident around Ottawa. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) A common warbler around Lansdowne, Leeds Co., Ont. I have found the nest in the crotch of a ftiaple sapling or other tree from six to twenty feet from the ground. They are also common on the Magdalen Islands, where I observed them in June, 1897. {Rev. C. J. Young.) One of the most common summer residents in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. (/. H. Fleming.) Common in thickets along streams and around lakes in Algonquin Park, Ont., 190G. {Spreadborough.) Abundant around' Toronto. (/. Hughes-Samuel.) Common as a migrant at Guelph, Ont. A few pairs breed. Arrives about May 12th, and leaves about Septem- ber 1st. {A. B. Klufih.) An abundant spring migrant at Penetan- guishene, Ont. {A. F. Young.) Vei \ abundant at Pembina where it breeds. Not obsc-ved any further west along the 49th parallel. {Coues.) A common sum- mer resident in Manitoba. It seems to be abundant in all the wooded parts of the province. Took a nest dn Duck Mountain, June 8th, 1884. It was placed in a low fork of a sapling. {Thomp- son-Seton.) A common summer resident at Avenue, Manitoba ; arrives about May 15th, leaves about September 16th. {Nonnan Criddle.) Four males and one female were seen at Medicine Hat, Assa., May 17th, 1894, they never became common; com- mon at Old Wives' Creek, Assa., May, 1895; it was evidently breed- ing at 12-Mile Lake, near Wood Mountain, Assa., June 6th, 1895; a few individuals were seen at Waterton Lake in July, 1895; com- mon in thick woods from the head of Lesser Slave Lake to Peace CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 649 Ruer Landing, in Lat. 56= 15', in June, 1903; first seen at Edmon- ton, Alta., May 29th. 1897, common by June ist, soon commenced nestmg along the river and smaller streams; common in willow thickets from Edmonton to Athabasca Pass in June, 1898; one ob- served at Crow's Nest Lake, Rocky Mountains, July 28th,i897, and breeding at Banff, Rocky Mountains, in July, ,891; a few seen at Reyelstoke, B.C., in May, 1890; in June they were found nesting HI low thickets on small poplar trees at Deer Park and Pass Creek, near Robson on the Columbia River; one observed at Rossland. B.C., in 1902. {Sprmdborough) One pair seen at Lac La Biche River, 30 miles below Athabasca Landing, Alta In June and July, 1889, it was abundant at Kamloops and along the North Thompson River. B.C.; rather rare at Enderby near Sica- mous, B.C. (/. M. Macoiin.) This beautiful bird is found in summer as far north as Lat 58° It frequents moist shady places in the NorthwestTerritories,flitting about among the moss-grown stems of the tall willows that skirt every marsh in these quarters. {Riclumisou) North to Fort Good Hope on the Maclienzie River; common. {Ross) British Columbia. {Lord) Common summer resident in the interior; breeds, {^treator) Found throughout the province, but nowhere common. {Fannin) Well represented all over the interior of British Columbia. {Rhoads) Regularly east of, and accidentally west of, the Coast Range in British Columbia. Breeding through- out the Cariboo district of British Columbia. {Brooks) Breeding NoT,.s.-In June and July nests with eggs are found around Ottawa and Lake Nominingue, 100 miles north of it, in bushes and trees from four to twenty feet high; they are made ot Hexible bark, ornamented on the outside with the white bark of the birch, and are often lined with a few feathers or hairs Nests 2-50 X 2-50 and2x 150. {Garneau) Builds an elegant nest in upright crotch from 5 to 25 feet from the ground ; nest IS composed of plant down and vegetable fibre and bark strips, ined with fine grass, rootlets and a little hair; eggs 4. white, hickly sprinkled over and spotted with brown, lilac and purplish. {ij.K. White) They nest in June, building in upright crotches in bushes 10-20 feet up; white birches seem to be the favorite tree for their nests, probably on account of the por^tion of the limbs- the nest is firmly constructed of strips of bark, grasses and plant down, lined with hair; eggs 3 or 4. {W, H. Moore) This is one '? ' 650 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. of the commonest warblers in Leeds Co., Ont.; I have frequently- seen the nest placed in some crotch of a small tree from five to twenty feet from the ground; the eggs are laid the first week in June. (Rev. C.J. Young ^ Many nests of this species in past years have come under my observation; but it is only of those noted the present season that I purpose here to speak; on May 22nd I noticed a female redstart flying from a partly composed nest, the site of which was in the fork of a small maple sapling, and at an elevation of about eight feet from the ground ; the nest could be easily seen, when the searcher's gaze was directed to it, at a distance of four rods; the woods around it were rather open, and the leaves of the sapling were a yard or more above it; eight days after I found that this nest contained four of the warbler's own eggs and one of a cow- bird, all of which were fresh; of all the warblers, the nest of this species is about the neatest and most firmly put together, thebird evidently emitting a good deal of saliva upon 'the material of which the nest is composed when she is placing the fragments in position; all this work, as well as that of incubation, appears to be done by the female, though it is probable that her more beautifully plumaged consort occasionally supplies her with food as she incubates her eggs; and he certainly largely assists in feeding the young and in trying to defend them if exposed to danger ; if the first efforts of this bird to propagate its species are successful, it does not nest more than once in the season, otherwise it will nest a second time; the materials of which the greater part of the nest of the redstart is composed is a kind of fibre gathered from decaying timber and the seed pods of various kinds of vines, and it is usually lined with animal hair; I have never known the set of eggs to exceed four in number, and generally the second set con- tains only three, with the addition mostly of a cowbird's; the eggs are of a whitish ground hue, marked towards the larger end with a wealth of spotting of a flesh-coloured hue, and smaller dots of the same hue scattered over the surface ; another bird of this species was noticed building her nest at a much higher elevation deeper in the wood, and even in a more exposed position; but a few days after the nest was completed it wholly disappeared, and I suspected that an olive-sided fly-catcher that had made her nest on an overhanging branch, a few rods off, was the author of that. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 651 Other nests were observed, but there was nothing specially note worthy about them. ( IV. L. Kells.) specially note MUSEUM SPECIMENS. ' Nineteen; one purchased with the Holman collection in i88^- TDr f";'s "T '" ""m^' ''''^ '^ ^^^ -"^-= ^- ^^ Ottawa' by Dr. FA. Saunders in May. 1891; one in Algonquin Park Ont May 26th, 1900; two at Medicine Hat, Assa.. May^ 1894 -four It on th;c:f'\''T'""p'".''^^^"^' J""^' ^«9i ; one'aVRobson . on the Columbia River, B.C., June 24th, 1890; three at Kamloops blrough '^' ^""' '^'^' '^°^' ^" ^y ^•■- ^- Spread- m.tum " °^ ''"'" '^^' *''^''" '* ^"^^^ ^"^' P'-^^^nted to the Family L. MOTACILLID^. Wagtails.. CCXXXIV. MOTACILLA Linn^.us. 1758. 694. White Wagtail. Motacilla alba Linn. 1758. One sent from the southern inspectorate of Greenland in iSao- another obtained by Dr. Walker at Godhavn in Aug! t 8f7' {Arct. Man) Four individuals of this species were "!;« by Alexander Brown and James Lyell (of the Hudson Bay Company) tpal^d7 "'" ''' '"" P"'"*^ ^"' ^"° y-"g '^f the year. 695. Swinhoe's Wagtail Motacilla ocularis Swinh. i860. This bird is of doubtful occurrence in Alaska and is admitted Cant k' nT' f ,' ""^'f, 'P'"'""=" '■" " ^""'-«' America by ^,rd fss in'w R *°°"- •"'"--«' " fi-male adult on June 1. ;.. ■ , r T" ""y' °" ""' "" "=•=' °' Siberia. (Ndm, \ At Attn Island, Alaska, I was looking out of n,y window on he morn.ng o May ,4th, ,88t, watching the vessel which was ,0 take me to Unalaska Island enter the harbour; I s,w a bir.l just beucith Ifj 652 " GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the window on the ground, not more than seven feet from my eyes, and which I believe to be this species. I failed, however, to procure it and hence there is an element of doubt in the iden- tification. (Turner.) On the morning of August 28th the Robert Kerr, on which I was a passenger, was hindered from proceeding by a gale and low water on the bar, and was made fast to the bank at the Aphoon mouth of the Yukon. As I came on deck I saw half a dozen white wagtails fly about the vessel and settle in the grass close by. While I returned for my gun they left, but a thorough acquaintance with Motacilla alba in Egypt, where it is abundant during the winter, leaves me no doubt that these birds were wagtails. {Bishop.) CCXXXV. BUDYTES Cuvier. 181 7. 696. Siberian Yellow Wagtail. Budytes flavus lejicostriatus (Hom.) Stejn. 1885. The yellow wagtail of eastern Siberia extending across Behring Sea into that portion of Alaska in the region of Behring Strait, is one of the handsomest among its several related forms. The first specimens were obtained in the vicinity of St. Michael where it was found abundant during the summers of 1866 and 1867. In Alaska I found this bird along the coast as far south as the Yukon mouth, where it arrived May 28th, 1879, but was extremely rare. St. -Michael, on Norton Sound, appears to be the centre of its abundance on our coast,and thence north it becomes rarer until at Kotzebue Sound it is, as at the Yukon mouth,very rare. {Nelson) This bird arrives about June 12th and is very shy. Few females come with the earliest visitants, yet but few days elapse before mating begins. {Turner.) One adult male and two others were obtained July nth, 1898, at Point Barrow, Alaska. {WitmerStofte.) CCXXXVI. ANTHUa Bechstein. 1807. 697. American Pipit. Anthus pemilvanicus (L.ath.) Thienem, 1849. The first specimens of this species were seen in Cumberland Gulf, May 30th, 1879. In the autumn they leave for the south about the beginning of September. At Annanactook Harbour, the nest v;as always placed deep in a rock crevice, so far in, in fact, that J could not secure any of the nests that I found. On CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 653 the Greenland coast, especially in the vicinity of habitations they bu.ld .n a tussock n.uch like a sparrow, but'^there th ens' berland Sound The species ,s generally distributed on both sides 6 o'^raMer'r "''.'"' *'^ "^^* ^'^^^^ ^' Davis' Strait to Lat 68 N.,at least,but nowhere very abundant. (Kum/zen.) Supposed to breed .n Greenland not further south than Lat 67°.but unq^s fon- ^ArJ7:To' "'f'r ''''' '' ''' North American cond nt. ilhLf Vu °^. *^' "''''' "''""^^"t birds in northeastern Labrador Charactenstic, with the horned lark, of the most ba ren 7u T T^' hiU-tops. Breeds very commonly. (bZ7oT) Abundant throughout Labrador. Nests and eggs were oSS on Z\ r"" r'^'T '' ^'^'^^ plentifully. (PacM.) Common on the high rocky islands in James Bay and on all the hi^h bar ren hi Is between Richmond Gulf and Ungava Bay. 'june 18 h 1896, found a nest, with five eggs, beneath over-hanging rock tlEatau Bav'rb- .^'^Tf^''^^'-^ Two males w'e^f taken at <,hateau Bay Labrador, July 14th, 1891. (Norton.) A com- mon summer migrant in Newfoundland. (J^ee^s.) A common on''sX'lsrn/7s'?^''^\^'- ^^^"''^•^ ^^n in numbers on Sable Island, N.S., September 19th, 1902. (James Bouteillier ) Occurs in spring and fall at Grand Manan, N.B. iChamZl^^ Co N b" :TS "m '":""" "^''^"' ^' S-^^h Lake, York Co., N.B. {W.H. Moore.) A common but transient visi ant m Montreal. Observed both in spring and autumn. SsCer n the fall migrations. {Wintle.) Occasionally common around Que- bec in spring and fall. Taken at Beauport. {Dionne) ^ I htv.^''""'^^"/ ""'^Z?* ^* ^"^^^- ^^''^-^^ Naturalist, Vol. V ) of Oc obe? iRefr^Tv'^'T "^^'^^ ^^^ ^"^^ '" ^^e month ot Uctober. {Rev. C. J. Young.) Reported as common in the autumn at Beaumans. by Mr. Taver'nier. Mr. Kay saw some Mn!rl ^ r^'" ^"^"'^ 15th, 1890. They occur regularly in Muskoka and were common at Sand Lake in October, i^ (/. H Flemtng.) Usually quite abundant along the shores of Torrnto Bay in the fall, but passing through so quickly n the spring as to be often overlooked. Those I have 'seen in pm! A nasi" " "'"' '''^"* "^^' •" ^^y- <^- ^ugAes-SaZr) A passing migrant at Guelph. Ont. {A. B. kLh) Rather Churchill where a pair was taken. A large flock was seen on 654 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. lower Hayes River as we were ascending it, August 29th. {E.A. Prebles.) Along the 49th parallel this species is a bird of passage, but the second season they were found in August about Chief Mountain Lake, and no doubt those then observed were bred in immediate vicinity as at that time the fall migration had not commenced. {CoJtes.) An abundant spring and fall migrant in Manitoba. {Thompson-Seto?i.) A common spring and fall migrant at Avenue, Manitoba. {Norntan Criddle.) A small stream of these birds kept passing Medicine Hat, Assa., from April 16th to May 3rd, 1894, when the last ones disappeared ; found with their young more than half grown on Sheep Mountain, close to Chief Mountain, on the 49th parallel, at an altitude of 7,500 feet, July 30th, 1895; first saw a flock of about twenty at Edmonton, Alta., April 27th, 1897, they continued to be common to May loth, when all disappeared; only one observed in the Athabasca Pass on September 29th, 1898; common on the mountains above timber line south of Calgary in July and in the Crow's Nest Pass in August; frequent in spring at Banff, Rocky Mountains, found on the mountains around Devil's Lake, in August, 1891; common after April ic,th, 1890, on the flats by the Columbia River; later in the same year they were found on the mountains near the head of Bow River; they evi- dently breed on all the mountains above timber line; seen in large flocks at Trail near the 49th parallel May 8th, 1902; seen in flocks at Penticton, B.C., April, 1903; found breeding on nearly all the mountains of the Coast and Gold ranges, B.C., near the 49th parallel, where there was grass, at an altitude of about 5,000 feet; very abundant on the shore of Sumas Lake in the fall of 1901; first seen on Vancouver Island on April i6th, 1893, they were common on ploughed fields by the 24th, last seen going north May 7th. {Spreadborough.) Found on the summit of Mount Finlayson near Victoria on May 17th, 1887, where they doubtless breed. {Macoun.) This bird was observed in small flocks on the plains of the Saskatchewan in the spring of 1827, feeding on the larvae of small insects. {Richardson.) North to Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River; not common. {Ross.) I have reason to believe that this bird is among those that resort to the Anderson to breed, but no nests were found. ( Macfarlane .) Shot east of Coast Range. (Z^r^.) Large flocks were found about the meadows of the coast district CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 655 during the fall migration. (S^rea^oK) East and west of Coast Ran^e abundant; found throughout some winters on Vancouve fsland (Fan^n..) Common migrant through the Eraser valley a Chillt" wack; breeds above the timber line on the Coast Range (Brok) Province of Bnt.sh Columbia at large; breeding sparsely onfhe plateaus and mesas of the interior up to 4000 feet T^W. ^ Very common at Sumas Lake. Lulu Isfand a'nd Matasqif rllde^ BC .n September, 1894. (£.K G. White.) This species arrives at Unalaska early in May and by the 19th had eggs on^thlhiH des They seem to breed along the whole coast of northern Ala kland on „,any of the islands in Behring Sea. (Nelson.) This spec e occurs I ^ffur in thf ^'°7 1 ^'^1^' '"^'"'-"^ ^^^ Ale-^tian Isirnds^ t IS found m the greatest abundance in the interior of the main- land especially at Fort Yukon; it rarely visits St. Michael e^ceot .n the fan (Turner.) A pair seen on a grassy tide-fla bevond Indian River at Sitka. Alaska, on June ^othMd the female ecured; from the condition of the ovaries, I judged that it would have laid eggs within a week. (Grinnell.) A bir^d thought to be InTor "'^rr '" x r^^'^'^ ■" ^^e mountains of Moesby Island, Queen Charlotte Islands. B.C.. on June 23rd. 1900 ; com^ paratively few pipits were seen around Cook's In et Alaska one specimen was taken at Tyonek. September i8th. (bw) Breeding NOTES.-I have sets taken by F F Pavne;,/r.^. Pnnce of Wales. Hudson Strait, in June. 1886; also Tes taken at Hamilton Inlet. Labrador. June 30th, 1895. by La™ be Dicks a well as sets taken at Nachvak, Labrador. jLe 15th 1897 ;he Rev. I. O Stringer found a nest and five eggs at Pee River near the n.outh of the Mackenzie River, June a' th, 190^ hi wa' buM of dried grass on the ground. (IV.Raine.) was ouilt A male taken at Skagway, June 3rd, was probably a belated migran ; on the heights above Glacier, Osgood' saw several, June Sth, and we found them common at Summit, June ii-iv a ema^e aken, June 13th was laying, and a fresh but ^mpty nes't I ound he same day I attributed to this species.no other be ng near h.s nest was loosely formed of fine dry grass in a hollow in the' deep moss which covered the almost perpendicular side of a boulder lying on a hill high above Summit, only a small hole or entrance showing in the moss. We often saw L song-flight a Summit ; launching himself with a sharp preliminary ' ch p " from one of the granite boulders that abound there,'the male 656 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. would rise rapidly to a height of a hundred feet or more, uttering a sweet, clear song ; after poising high in air and repeating this song for several minutes the singer would slowly float toward earth and alight 100 yards from where he started, soon to repeat the same performance; we found a pair on the heights above Ben- nett, June 17th, and a few, possibly members of one family, at Circle, August 1 5-20. {Bishop.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Twenty-three; one taken at Resolution Island, Hudson Bay in July, 1885, by Dr. R.Bell; one at Cape Prince of Wales, Hudson Strait, by Mr. Payne, July, 1886; young specimen taken on Mount Queest, B.C., July 27. 1889; four at Ottawa in September, 1890, by Dr. F A. Saunders; one at Indian Head, Assa., September i6th, 1891; two at Medicine Hat, Assa., April, 1894; two at Edmonton, Alta., April, 1897; one at Canmore, Rocky Mountains, May 29th, 1891; one at Banff, Rocky Mountains April 20th, 1891; six at Revelstoke, B.C. April, 1890; three at Huntington, B.C., Septem- ber 30th, 1901, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. 698. Meadow Pipit. Atithus pratevsis {1.1^^.) B^s.CYiSi:. 1807. Received in Copenhagen by Dr. Paulsen from Greenland in 1845. {Arct. Man.) 699. Red-throated Pipit. Anthus cervhms (Pall.) Keys. & Blas. 1840. A specimen of this bird was obtained in Greenland in 1845 ^"^ makes the second record. {Turner) This species was accredited to the Aleutian Islands in 1853; and Dall records a specimen which was obtained at St. Michael during the Russian telegraph expedition. {Nelson.) 700. Sprague's Pipit. Anthus spragueii (Aud.) Baird. 1864. Found breeding in great numbers on the prairie near Turtle Mountain and Mouse (Souris) River. {Coues.) A common sum- mer resident on the elevated prairies in the south and west of Manitoba in 1882.. In 1892 I failed to see or hear a single indi- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 657 vidual in the country. They appear to have totally disappeared ihis IS unquestionably owing to the breaking up of the virgin praine. {Thompson-Seton.) A common summer resident at Avenue Manitoba; arrives about April 23rd and leaves about the middle of September. {Norman Criddle.) Heard numerous individuals singing in the east end of the Cypress Hills and saw one the last week in June, 1894. Undoubtedly breeding at this time. iSpread- borough.) ^ ^ Breeding Notes.-I did not see the bird in the immediate vicinity of the Red River, and do not think I should have over- looked It had any individuals been breeding about Pembina where I was every day in the field for more than a month collecting very assiduously.. Passing the low range of the Pembina Moun- tains, however, I at once entered the prairie region, where it was breeding in great numbers, in company with Baird's and the chestnut-collared buntings. The first one I shot, July 14th was a bird of the year, already full grown and on wing, and as I found scarcely fledged young at least a month later I judge that, like the hremophila, the biro raises two broods a year. Travelling west- ward to and beyond the second crossing of the Mouse River no day passed that I did not see numbers of the birds; and at some of our camps, notably that at the first crossing of the Mouse River, they were so numerous that the air seemed full of them- young ones were caught by the hand in the camp, and many might have been shot without stirring from my tent, as they hovered overhead on tremulous wings, uttering co itinuously their sharp querulous cry. They continued abundant through the greater part of September, in which month the renewal of the plumage is completed, and some still remained on the ground till October Exactly when they migrate, however, and where they go to or when they return, are equally unknown to me-not the least singular point in the bird's history is the success with which it has eluded observation during the winter months. {Cones) Breeds throughout Assiniboia, but rarer in Manitoba. During my several expeditions to northwest Canada I have found over half a dozen nests of this bird. At Crescent Lake, Assa., June 15th, 1902, I found a nest containing four eggs, built in the grass on the prairie On May 2Sth, 1901, a set of five eggs was collected for me by Mr' Hugh Richardson in the Qu'Appelle valley, Assiniboia, and he took another set of five eggs on May 28th at the same place, both ''Itf-i 658 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. rifsts were made of dried grass and built on the ground. I have another set of four eggs taken at Pasqua, western Assiniboia, May 26th, 1893. The eggs of this bird are very rare in collections. They are something like eggs of the prairie horned lark but are smaller. Some have a pale buff ground, others greyish-white ground, minutely speckled with buff and purplish grey. The eggs can easily be told from small prairie horned lark's eggs by the fine dark brown hair lines at the largest end of the eggs. I never saw these hair lines on eggs of the horned lark, although they are often found on eggs of the American pipit and European meadow pipit. This bird is called the Missouri skylark by the settlers as it has the same habit as the European skylark of soar- ing high up in the air until it becomes a mere speck in the sky and it never ceases singing from the time it begins to ascend until it reaches the earth again. It is a smaller bird than the European skylark and consequently its voice is not so powerful. I have often heard both species sing and must say Sprague's pipit is not in it with the European skylark, in spite of what has been said to the contrary by American ornithologists. {W. Raine.) Family LI. CINCLIDiE. Dippers. CCXXXVII. CINCLUS Bechstein. 1802. 701. American Dipper. Cinclus tnexicanui Swains. 1827. Observed one on Elbow River, southwest of Calgary, July 15th, 1897 ; common in Michell Creek, west of Crow's Nest Pass, August 7th, 1897. {Spreadborough.) I met with this bird in num- bers around Chief Mountain Lake, but was too late for its eggs, as the young were already on the wing. (Coues.) A very com- mon species in all the mountain streams from Banff through the Rocky Mountains to the Selkirks and Gold Range. Its habit of living beside and behind waterfalls and small cascades adds a great deal of interest to a study of its habits; one nest found in the Kicking Horse River was placed on a ledge behind a small waterfall and contained young birds on August 13th, 1885 ; at a distance it looked like a large mass of wet moss.but on examination it proved to be a nest shaped like an oven. {Maconn.) Very common in the rocky creeks west of the Columbia River on the 49th parallel CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 6S9 in the summer of 1902; taken in Eagle River in the Gold Range B.C.. on Apr. 5th, 1890; a few were seen in the little stream below Spence s Bridge, B.C., in May, 1889. and a few at the head of the ^n'^Ih ^IV ,"."■'* ^"'''' "•^•' '" ^P--"' '889; quite common on the Chilliwack River and the streams flowing into it in the sum- mer of 1901; one seen near Coldstream, Vancouver Island, June 2nd, 1893; also saw one on Sooke River, on September cth, where I heard ,t singing for the first time, I have heard it said they were good singers and so they are ; their song resembles that of the cat-bird very much, in fact so much so that if I had not seen the bird sitting on a stone I should have put it down for that bird • hey seem to do most of their singing in the fall and winter.' iS/>rcaddoroyi.) On July i6th, 1887. a nest of this species was found on the stringer of a bridge over a stream emptying into Cameron Lake, at the base of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island; It was built of moss and quite large, but very compact in the centre, but with the dome over it ; owing to its position in a rapid torrent the eggs or young were not seen as we looked hrough achink at the nest; .s we camped at the bridge we had the bird under observation for two days. (Macoun.) Three specimens of this bird were procured by Mr. Drummond near the sources of the Athabasca River, on the eastern declivity of the Rocky Mountains, between Lat. 54° and 56°. (RMardson.) Ihe only specimen seen was shot:at Ducks,B.C. (Srna/or.) To be tound in nearly every mountain stream throughout British Colum- bia. {Famnn.) Very common along all the rivers in British Colum- bia (Lord.) Resident at Chilliwack, but not common; common at Lake Jkanagan, B.C., sings all winter; in the Cariboo district of British Columbia it is found in the neighbourhood of running water a 1 winter. (Brooks.) Associated in British Columbia with all dashing streams from the mountains to the sea. (R/ioads ) Common up Seymour Creek, B.C. {E. F. G. White.) A dip- per was seen and heard several times along a stream empty- ing into West Arm of Cumshewa Inlet, Queen Charlotte islands, 1899; several were seen in the mountains near Hope, Cook's Inlet Alaska, and a specimen was taken there September 3rd, 1899' (y.y^t;^^.) Throughout Alaska, wherever clear, swift-running streams afford suitable loeations, this bird is found. It winters in the neighbourhood of St. Michael, and specimens have been brought to me in midwinter when the temperature was at least I ^' ! 660 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 40° below zero. It seems to be very little affected by the extreme cold of our winters. {Nelson.) This species was obtained from several localities; it inhabits rocky creeks flowing from the moun- tains; it is not common but is a permanent resident and breeds here. {Turner.) We collected a female and a set of four fresh eggs at the falls at Glacier above Skagway, Alaska, June 8th, 1898; a single ouzel seen further down the river, June loth, was pro- bably the mate of the one taken. Osgood also took one at Un- alaska, October 5th. {Bishop.) Breeding Notes.— Breeds near Banff, Rocky Mountains, mak- ing a large nest of moss with a side entrance which it usually builds close to a cascade either in a tree-root or on a ledge of rock. The nest is covered with moss and kept green by the fall- ing spray from the mountain stream. {W. Raine.) MUSEUM specimens. Eight ; one taken at Kicking Horse Lake, August 13, 1890; one at Revelstoke, B.C., April 19th, 1890 ; one at Robson, Columbia River, B.C., June 26th, 1890; two at Spence's Bridge, B.C., in June, 1889; one on North Arm of Burrard Inlet, B.C., April 21st, 1889, and two on Tami Hy Creek, B.C., on September 7th, 1901, all by Mr. \V. Spreadborough. Family LII. TROGLODYTIDiE. Wrens, Thrashers, etc. CCXXXVIII. MIMUS BoiE. 1826. 703. Mocking Bird. Mimus polyglottos {'Li'!^^.) Bonap. 1838. In Mcllwraith's " Birds of Ontario," page 388, there is an inter- esting account of the nesting of this species in East Harnilton, Ont., in 1883. Mr. Eastwood observed the male early in the season but the female kept so close that she was seen only once. It was hoped that this pair or some of their family would return the following spring to visit their old friends in Ontario, but if they did so they have not been observed. In the " Birds of Western Ontario" mention is made of one specimen being taken by Mr. Sandys at Chatham, Ont., in i860, which is all we know of the mocking bird in western Ontario at present. {Mcllwraith.) ^ CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 66l The following records of the occurrence of this bird in Canada are given by Dr. J. Dwight, Jr.,in 77/^- ^wX.Vol. XIII., p. 344: i. One specimen seen but not captured at Strathroy, Ont . July ist, 1880. 2. The Chatham record as given by Mr. Mcllwraith. 3. The Hamilton record as given by the same. 4. A bird was wounded and caught alive at Truro, N.S., July 1st, 1889. It showed no signs of being an escaped cage bird. 5. This is a young bird taken in the fall of 1894 on Sable Island. N.S. It must have reached there owing to a severe storm. A young male in juvenile plumage was captured on Sable Island, N.S.,SepteMber 5th, 1902, hopping about a woodpile. Uatnes Bontetllier.) CCXXXIX. GALEOSCOPTES Cabanis. 1850. 704. Catbird. Galeoscoptcs carolincmis (Linn.) Cab. 1850. A rather common summer resident at Halifax, N.S. {Doivns) Apparently rare on Prince Edward Island; a few specimens were seen in July, 1888, at Stewart's mill. {Macoun) A rare and irregular summer resident at St. John, N.B. {Chamberlain.) Sum- mer resident along St. John River, N.B., and tolerably common {W.H.Moore.) Common summer resident at Montreal. Breeds in the city and in Mount Royal park. Nests with eggs found from May 29th to July 19th. {Wintle:) A common summer resident in eastern Quebec. Taken at St. Foy. {Diotinc.) A common summer resident around Ottawa. {Ottawa Naturaiist, Vol. V.) Very common everywhere in eastern Ontario; sometimes remaining until the end of September. {Rev. C.J. Young.) An abundant summer resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts; breeding usual'y on the edge of the forest or in gardens of the settlers. (/. H. Fleming.) Very common summer resident at Guelph, Ont. Arrives about May loth and leaves about September 25th. {A.B. KlHgh.) A very common summer resident at Penetanguishene, Ont.; breeds very frequently in wild rose bushes in meadow-lands. {A .F. Young.) The catbird was found to be one of the common birds of the Red River region, where it was breeding in June in situations similar * <^l i i\"\ 662 OBOLOOICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. to those it selects in the east. I traced it westward to Turtle Mountain on the 4gth parallel, but did not find it in tht; Rocky Mountains. {Coues.) An abundant summer resident of low thickets in Manitoba, especially to the north. {Thompson-Seton.) Common summer resident at Avenue;, Manitoba ; arrives about May 17th and leaves about September l8th. {Norman Criddle.) This is a very common summer resident at Indian Head, Assa., it was first seen June 2nd, 1892, and became common in a few days, breeds in great numbers; first seen at Medicine Hat, Assa.. on May 17th, 1894, common by the 20th; abundant in all thickets at M dicine Hat, Crane Lake, alon^ Swift Current Creek, and in the east end of the Cypress Hills in June, 1894; this bird was com- mon wherever there was brush in Wood Mountain and on Rocky Creek to the Boundary; 4 nests wi re found on Frenchman's River, two in willow thickets and two in wolf willow {Elaagnus argentea) ; it was a common species in all the ravines in the Cypress Hills and in Milk River valley and wherever there was brush in southern Alberta; first seen at Edmonton, Alta., May 25th, 1897, heard a number of them singing next day, they soon became common and began to breed ; common from Edmonton north to the McLeod River in June, 1898; heard in the bushes at Deer Park, Columbia River, B.C., June 6th, 1890; later in the month they were found breeding in the valley of Pass Creek, near Robson; quite common at Trail and Cascade, and in low bushes along small streams near the 49th parallel in the summer of 1902; a common species at Kamloops and Spence's Bridge,^ B.C., building in the thickets along the Thompson River in June, 1889; only one individual seen at Chilliwack, B.C., in June, 1901. {Spreadborough.) Un- common at Prince Albert, Sask., several times heard in the thickets but only once seen. {Coubeaux.) This species was not observed further north than Lat. 54°. It was abundant around Carlton on the Saskatchewan and bred in the willow thickets. {Richardsott.) Very common summer resident of the interior of B.C. reaching the coast in reduced numbers. {Streator.) Common east and west of the Coast Range; rare on Vancouver Island; summer resident. (Fannin.) Not abundant anywhere, but very local in its distribution in British Columbia. {Rhoads.) Tolerably common summer resident at Chilliwack, B.C.; and breeding as far north up the Eraser River as Soda Creek, B.C. (Brooks.) CATALOGUli OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 663 Breed.no NoTES.-Nests. in bushe.. vines, and tr.es of everv kmd, never high up. made of branches, dry leaves, bits ^f 0'^^ bark and grasses, always lined with black rootle s A Ottw," the catb.rd begms to lay in the latter part of May. (Gar^Tu) Nest, budt .n a tree at Ottawa from 5 to 20 feet from the ™i composed of twigs, leaves, bark, rootlets and bi sXw f i ed' W.U. rootlets and resembles a bunch of drift stuff lodged a b "h The female keeps good watch over the nest and the male s nt" at so„,ed,stance away to attract enemies to himself. F.;;^;^^^^^^^^ ami .. difficult to find; nest m willows and J^/cea^r„us ar^e^Ua The base consists of leaves of thistles and Ar^.^aSut thenTlark of dead W.I ow. lined on the inside with small black root fibrs three nestso the same character were taken on Frenchman' RiVeT Assa., June 22nd, 1895. (Macoio,.) ' MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Eleven; two taken at Ottawa, May. 1888. by the writer- one at Man He^crA^^''^"^'• ''''^ '^ ^'■''- ^^^ Yaunde"; o Mav ,80. ^'"'■'Jl!'' ^"^J- '892. two at Medicine Hat. Assa., museum by Dr. James Fletcher. CCXL. TOXOSTOMA VVagler. 1831. 705. Brown Thrasher. ^oxos^ofm ni/um (Lim.) Cab. 1847. A common summer resident around Montreal; observed in'the Momft R ! ''"'■• ^?^'' ^°''' ^"^ ' "-^ ^-"^ - the spur o ed in he?f *^""^""'"?-''"^ ''''' "^'y ^4th, 1890; not observ- O awa T^^ A moderately common summer resident around Ottawa. iOUawa Naturohst, Vol. V.) Common in suitable places 4Si I]" m ii I '. p All 664 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. in eastern Ontario. A common breeding bird on Wolfe Island^ near Kingston, Ont. {Rev. C.J. Youvg.) Mr. Kay records one from Port Sydney, Muskoka, taken on May 7tii, 1890; I am sure it occurs at Emsdale, Parry Sound, but have not been able to take one. {J. H. Fleming?) An uncommon summer resident at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. Klugh.) A common summer resident in south- western Ontario, but noted sparingly in the north ; nests are usually made on the ground, often in a brush heap and sometimes in shrubs. Eggs three or four, rarely five ; two broods are often raised in a season near London, Ont. {W. E. Saunders.) A com- mon summer resident at Penetanguishene, Ont.; have found their nests situated very near the ground in rose bushes. {A. F. Yonng.y Observed at Pembina which appears to be near the northern limit of the distribution of this species ; a nest containing four eggs was found at Pembina late in June. {Coues.) A common summer resident of partly open country more especially in the southern sections of Manitoba. {Thompson-Seion.) A common summer resident at Avenue, Manitoba; arrives about May lOth and leaves about the middle of September. {Norman Criddle.) First seen at Medicine Hat, Assa., May 12th, 1894, laterthey came in numbers and by May 22nd were very common, in bushes in the creek and river valleys. May 30th, found a nest with four fresh eggs under a log in a heap of dry brush, nest composed of sticks, lined with dry grass, other nests were taken low down in the brush, in close thickets; one pair was seen late in June in brush along Swift Current Creek in the east end of Cypress Hills ; observed in thickets at Old Wives' Creek, at Wood Mountain and in the Milk River valley and on Milk River Ridge in southen Alberta in 1895; observed one individual at Moose Mountain, almost at tim- ber line.about 40 miles southwest of Calgary, July 1st 1897; several seen further south on July 15th, near the source of Elbow River. {Spreadborotigh.) This species was only seen at Carlton House on the banks of the Saskatchewan where it breeds. {Richardson.) Breeding Notes. — A nest built in a small fir six feet fi-om the ground and containing two young birds and three hatched eggs discovered near Ottawa on June 7th, 1903. It was a large nest of branches, ten inches in diameter and lined with bark, grass and leaves. {Garneait.) A nest found near Beechwood cemetery^ Ottawa, was built in a brier patch ; the nest was a large bulky structure of twigs, weed-stalks, dead leaves, strips of bark and CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 665 fibrous roots, lined with fine grass; the nest contained four greenish white eggs marked with reddish brown dots. {G. R. White.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS, Six; one purchased with the Holman collection in 1885; one at Ottawa, May l6th, 1888, by the writer and another taken August 30th, 1890, by Dr.F. A. Saunders; one at Old Wives' Creek, Assa., May 23rd, 1895, and two at Medicine Hat, Assa., May, 1894, all by Mr. W. Soreadborough. Three sets of four eggs each; one set taken at Aylmer, Que.„ June 9th, 1898, by Mr. F. K. Whiteaves ; one taken at Medicine Hat, Assa., May 3rd, 1894, by Prof. Macoun ; nest under a bush; one taken on Point Pelee, Lake Erie, May 31st, 1884, by Mr. VV. E. Saunders. CCXLI. SALPINCTT^S Cabanis, 1847. 715. Rock Wren. Salpinctes obsoletus (Say) Cab. 1847. One male of this species was seen in the east end of the Cypress Hills, Assa., June 26th, 1894; it was also taken at Cal- gary, Alta., in August, 1885; a pair of these birds was noticed on June 14th, 1895, in the " bad lands." on Rocky Creek, south of Wood Mountain; the species was common along Milk River, and breeding in numbers at Castellated Rocks, Alta., in July, 1895; saw one individual at Prairie Creek, northwest of Edmonton, Alta., June 29th, 1898 ; rather common along the railway at Spence's Bridge, B.C., in May, 1889, it was evidently breed- ing. {Spreadborough) Migrant on Vancouver Island and at Sumas. {Lord) Rather common about Ashcroft ; breeds. {Streator) Common east of the Coast Range; one specimen taken by me at Burrard Inlet in 1884. {Fa?imn.) Only once seen and shot, in November, 1889, at Chilliwack. {Brooks.) Found about Ashcroft and northward to Cache Creek, B.C.; also at Kam- loops where one was nesting in a " section " house, ten feet from the railroad tracks. {Rhoads.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Two; one taken ac the "bad lands" south of Wood Mountain, Assa.,June 14th, 1895, and one taken at Spence's Bridge, B.C., June lOth, 1889, both by Mr. W. Spreadborough. m .',S» ^il 666 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. CCXLII. THRYOTHORUS Vieillot. i8i6. 718. Carolina Wren. Thryothorus ludovicianus (Lath.) Bonap. 1838. One specimen of this species lived for a month or two in the winter of 1890-91 in the town of Forest, Ont., and was eventually shot in February, 1891, by Mr. Montague Smith, of that place, and is now in the possession of Mr. S. H. Smith of Strathroy, Ont. {W, E. Samtders.) CCXLIII. THRYOMANES Sclater. 1861. 719. Bewick's Wren. Thryomaftes beu'ickii {Avu.) Ridgw. 1877. One specimen only recorded, taken by myself on December 13th, 1898, in a swampy area full of brush and fallen trees, with a few shrubs near Appin, Ont. There was scarcely a foot of light snow on the ground, and the day was clear but not very cold. The bird was feeding and working along through upturned roots and piles of brush. {IV. E. Saunders.) 719a. Vigor's Wren. Thryomanes bewickii calophofius Oberholser. 1899. Rather rare at Agassiz, B.C., in May, 1889; seen at Chilliwack and Huntington, B.C., in the summer of 1901; a summer resident on Vancouver Island, found breeding on April 22nd, 1893; I believe a few stay all winter as I have observed them in mid- winter near Victoria. {Spreadborough.) Migrant on Vancouver Island and at Sumas. {Lord.) More common on the coast than in the interior. {Streator.) A summer resident, chiefly west of the Coast Range; breeds in Beacon Hill park, Victoria, Vancouver Island, {Fanfiin.) Abundant resident at Chilliwack. {Brooks.) Abundant in southern British Columbia west of the Coast Range. {Rhoads.) Pacific slope, from Oregon north to southern Vancouver Island, the valley of Fraser River and slightly further along the mainland coast. {Oberholser.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Nine; one taken at Agassiz, B.C.. May 15th, 1889; one at Van- couver, B.C., April 14th, 1889; three at Chilliwack, B.C., June and CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 667 CCXLIV. TROGLODYTES Vieillot. 807. 721. House Wren. Troglodytes aedotiVimiA.. 1807. One specimen taken on Sable Islanrl N (Swrinrh J "P"'" '" resident around Ot.rwa.' (^^.t'^Zifvo "v rCo'Z" m eastern Ontario. I have seen this bird frequently i„' Leed"co" but nowhere so common as in central and „„„k t •' there it is quite numerous a„d"sometimes m tTlt s^e'T' hole in a fe^ce-ra 1. (Rev C T Vn,j^" tree at Old Wives Lakes, Assa., and at Wood Mountain, in Jun., 189c- laVer another nest was taken in a hole in a clay bank along 'Frnh.' man s R.ver, Assa.; not rare in the wooded ravines on the south s. le of the Cypress Hills; a nest was taken built t a bam swal low's nest on Sucker Creek, which is the source of Frenchn ll" Rjver; it was common on Spur Creek, Milk River, M Ik R^ve R.clge, St. Mary's River and Lee's Creek, southern A berta com mon from the mouth of Lesser Slave River to Peace R vlrL^ ' ing; breeding in holes in trees and in the sandstone cliffs and ut banks of Peace River, Lat. 56° 15' in June, 1903; ob IrJed from ton"C"M ""'^t^T ^''' •" J""^' ' ^98; first'seen at Edln ton,Alta May6th, 1897; on June 8th found a nest with seven eggs in a ho e in a birch stub about six feet from the gro nd nest nth took r'''"''"'^' feathers, eggs quite frL on th nth took another nest m a poplar stub about four feet from the ground nest same as before; common south of Calg ry in he brS^eTntr"'/"'''- T '' «-«' ^^cky Mou'nti: a d Mav rcf T8nn '%'" ''• '" ^""'' '^^'' '^''' '' Revelstoke, B.C.. May 3rd, 1890; a few pairs were breeding at Robson, B C ■ a nest was taken out of a hollow tree on Pass Creek, 700 fe^t above the Co umbia R.ver. June 30th, 1890; observed a few at TraiUn the Columbia R.ver, near the 49th parallel; breeding in holes n houses and trees ,n the summer of 1903. (SpreaJorou^/,) Onl specimen of this wren was procured by Mr. Drummond a^t the foo of the Rocky Mountains, but no others were seen by any ol u to the eastward. (Ru/^ardso..) Frequently seen at PrLe A ert Sask., in summer. (Coi/deai^.t.) ' nncc /\i,H.rt, 670 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Breeding Notes. — Quite common throughout the prairie region, breeding in holes in trees or in clay banks of rivers. At Walsh's ranch, Old Wives' Creek, Assa., they were nesting in holes in ash-leaved maple. At Wood Mountain Post, Assa., nests were taken in clay banks; on June 21st, 1895, a nest was taken on Frenchman's River, Assa., in a clay bank. On the outside it was built of willow twigs and roots and within lined with large feathers and hair. (Macoun.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. , Eleven; one taken at Indian Head, Assa., June 6th, 1892, two- at Old Wives' Creek, Assa., May, 1895, three at Medicine Hat, Assa., May, 1894, two at Edmonton, Alta., June, 1897, o"e at Can- more, Rocky Mountains, May 24th, 1891; one at Cascade, B.C.^ June I2th. 1902, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. Four sets of eggs; one of six taken at Edmonton, Alta., June nth, 1897, and another of seven taken June 8th, at the same place^ both by Mr. W. Spreadborough; one of five taken in the Cypress Hills, Assa., July ist, 1895, ^^^^ another of five at Medicine Hat,. Assa., June 2nd, 1894, by Prof. Macoun. CCXLV. OLBIORCHILUS Oberholser. 1902. 722. Winter Wren. Olbiorchilus hiemalis (Vieill.) Oberh. 1902. Audubon, Vol. H., p. 129 found this species in southern Labra- dor, July 20th, 1833. {Packard^ A common and abundant resident throughout the year in Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Not very com- mon at Halifax ; a few breed in Nova Scotia. {Doivfis.) Hunter's River, Prince Edward Island, July 2nd, 1888. {Macoun.) Tolerably common in damp woods along brooks, or sometimes in more open localities in Prince Edward Island. {Dv.'ight) A common summer resident at St. "^John, N.B. {C/iamderlain.) Common summer resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. (JV. H. Moore:) Locally abundant in the Restigouche valley, N.B. {Brittain & Cox.) Tolerably common on the Magdalen Islands. {Bishop.) Not rare at Lake Mistassini, northern Quebec. (/. M. Macoun) A common but transient visitant around Montreal ; observed in both spring and autumn. {Wtntle.) Common in many parts of eastern Quebec. Taken at Charlesbourg. {Dionne.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 671 I'ii A moderately common summer resident around Ottawa iOUa^aa Naturakst, Vol. V.) Not uncommon in Leeds Co o" " There .s a large woodland tract south of Lansdowne, Ont and not far from the St. Lawrence where they are quite c;mmo; and breed; I found a nest in 1883. early in May. and have ^e^d sev eral smgmg there together in April ; I noticed one specimen on the Magdalen Islands. {Rev C T Vou»^\ A . Hc^""*:" on and breeds in Parry Soun^l and^us^Tf Ltticts Tnt" (7^^ Fkmt„g.)Con,mon along Moose River to Moose Factory none' seen further north; common everywhere in thick da k wo'ods n Algonqu.n Park Ont. (i,>WW.^/.) On March 17th, 1804 a ma e o this spec.es was taken at Toronto and I have every reason to thmk that he had wintered here. (/ //.^/...-^S An uncommon summer resident in the deep cedlr swam'fa oul London Ont Much less numerous than formerly.^ Z ^ Wm.) Common summer resident at Guelph, Ont • a.rives about Apr.l 4th and leaves about October 6th. C:^ J j^/^o Summer resident in the thick woods in eastern Manitoba • has been seen as far west as Portage la Prairie. (nompson-Saon ) A rare summer v.s.tor at Avenue, Manitoba. (NorJn CridTe) Breeding NoxES.-This species breeds in June at Scotch Lake t^e^s FilhT e " ' '"'^" .'," "P^""^^^ ^°«*^ ^' --turned trees Eight eggs are generally laid. {W.H.Moore.) In the woods near Lake Nom.ningue, about 100 miles north o Ottawa two nests were found imbedded in green moss on the ground and another on the side of a fallen tree. The entrances were about an inch in diameter and the interiors were empty spheres lined with a few grasses {Garneau.) 1 have found this sp'icies b eed .ng at Long Branch west of Toronto, at Rice Lake and near Port Hope and at Waterloo, Ont.; a favorite nesting place is in the root o some fallen tree; it lays six to seven eggs,Vnely spot ed at the largest end with dark brown. {W. Raine.) TheTe were a few years ago some large woods in the front of the township of Lansdowne, Ont.; a creek ran through them, and here the winte wren was quite common and bred ; I once found its nest, which was built m a cavity of a stump, about a foot from the ground it was early in May before the bird laid her eees but ;,f thT. ' the nest was really completed, being a largr^g^Jl'ja^b ifo^rs: with^a small hole near the top. {Rn>. C.J. Vo^m^r,) Ml I 672 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. This season, however, I saw one on January 23rd (1894) in a woodland dell, which it frequents during the summer, and near where I had found two nests. On March 30th, I again heard it in . the same place, and from that date they became more common. Toward the centre of our sugar bush, and not far from the "camp fire," the ground is rather low, and here most of the larger timber was uprooted by that terrible windstorm of April 20th, 1893; hav- ing noticed the winter wrens frequently during April, in this bush, I expected that they were going to nest here again, and a search on Mav :^nd, was rewarded with the discovery of a nearly com- pleted nest in one of the highest roots. I think it was four cays later that I again visited it, when it contained four eggs; on the 9th, I flushed the bird from her nest, which I carefully removed from its place in the soil and fine roots, and found the number of eggs to be six, which were apparently pure white, but if held up to a strong light, after being blown, the minute markings, with which the larger part of the surface is dotted, became visible; the site of the nest was about six feet above the ground, or rather water, which filled the space out of which the root had been torn; the nest resembled a round ball of moss with an entrance hole on the outer side; it measured over twelve inches in circumferance ; the exterior was almost wholly composed of a species of moss, common on the lower parts of trees and logs in low grounds; around the entrance are a number of the stalks of hemlock leaves, while the inside is nearly lined with fine vegetable matter, hair and feathers. This set was completed on the 8th of May and is the earliest date I have ever taken their eggs. Of the seven nests collected in this vicinity four contained six eggs each, and three five; all of these were built in the upturned roots of fallen trees, which is evidently their favourite nesting place.though it certainly builds in other situations. {IVm. L. Kells.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. One taken at Ottawa, May 13th, 1890, by Dr. F. A. Saunders. One set of five eggs taken ne :-. Toronto, Ont., June 2nd, 1894, and presented by Mr. W. Raine. 722a. Western Winter Wren. Olbiorchilns hiemalis pacificiis (Baird) Oberh. 1901. Common in thick spruce woods from Lesser Slave Lake to Peace River Landing, Lat. 56° 15', in June, 1903; observed one on CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 673 Moose Mountam, southwest of Calgary, June 30th, 189;, another observed in Crow's Nest Pass, July 28th. 189;; first seen at Revel- stoke, on the Columbia, April loth, 1890, later they became more common and nested in the thick woods; quite common in thick woods at Trail on the 49th parallel in the summer of 1902- three specimens seen at Penticton, B.C., in April, 1903; common in the woods around Burrard Inlet and Agassiz, on the Fraser River, B.C., April, 1889; abundant along the Chilliwack River, in the mountains near the 49th parallel; also observed a few at Hunting- ton, B.C., nearer the coast in 1901; a common resident through- out Vancouver Island, pr»;ferring thick bush. {SpreadborougW Rather common, British Columbia. {Lord.) Confined principally to the coast region; breeds. {Streator.) A resident chiefly of the coast; abundant. {Fannin.) Common resident at Chilliwack. Tolerably common throughout the winter at Lake Ok. -agan, B.C {Brooks.) Abundant on the coast of British Columbia. Two moulting birds from Selkirk Mountains near Nelson, B.C., are even darker than skins from Puget Sound. {Rhoads.) From Sitka, Bischoff sent four specimens during his collecting there, and others have been collected at Kadiak. {Ne/son.) Tolerably common in the more open forests at Sitka, Alaska, where there is much recently fallen timber. Especially numerous on St. Lazaria Island where their clear sprightly songs constantly uttered, seemed scarcely in accord with the harsh cries of the thousands of sea-fowl. {Gfinnell.) We noticed a few at Glacier above Skag- way, Alaska, June 4th to loth, and I took a male there June 6th. {Bishop.) Very common on all the Queen Charlotte Islands, it is practically the only bird to be found in the deep forest away from the sea-shore. On the occasions when we attempted to penetrate the labyrinth of undergrowth towards the interior of the islands, we were always greeted, even in the darkest places, by the tiny wren's bright bubbling song or scolding chatter. It is always in motion and utterly regardless of the weather. During continuous rains while we were camped at the head of Cumshewa Inlet, a wren would appear every few hours near the front of the tent and, after scolding us for a while, move on through the wet brush cheerfully and oblivious of the descending rain. I flushed a bird from an empty nest in the upturned roots of a large fallen cedar, June 15th. I visited this nest frequently and flushed the bird from it each time, but up to June 28th it still contained no eggs. Four speci- I ' IS ' 674 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. mens only were collected, two adults and one young from Cum- shewa Inlet and one young from Skidegale. These do not differ from specimens from the adjacent mainland of British Columbia and from Puget Sound near the type locality of Anorthura h. pacificus. {Osgood) v o.;nion at Stanley Park, Seymour Creek, Mission City and Cl.ilHwack, B.C., in 1894. {E. F. G. White.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Ten; two taken at Revelstoke, B.(J., April, 1890, two at Hast- ings, Burrard Inlet, B.C., in April, 1889, four at Chilliwack, B.C., June, 1901, two at Victoria, Vancouver Island, April, 1893, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. 723. Alaskan Wren. Olbiorchilus alascinsis (Baird) Oberh. 1902. The type of this wren was obtained by Mr. Dall at St. George Island, Alaska, and is a young bird. It is an abundant resident on the Near Islands; it is found throughout the Aleutian Islands and is a resident wherever found. {Nelson) This pleasing little bird is found in abundance on all the Aleutian chain proper; it was also observed at Kadiak Island, Unga Island, and on the main- land at Belkoosky; it never goes to the interior of even a small sized island, but remains strictly along the cliffs, bluffs, and other high places forming the seasides of the islands. {Turtur.) Not uncommon on St. George Island in Behring Sea, Alaska; a num- ber of specimens were taken in June, 1897. (/. M. Macoun.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Three; taken Jurie 28th, 1897, on St. George Island, one of the Pribylof group, by Mr. J. M. Macoun. 723 1. Aleutian Wren. Olbiotchilus meligcrus Obekholser. 1902. Attu Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, June 4th, 1894. Range, the westernmost islands of the Aleutian group. {Obcrholscr'xn The Auk, Vol. XVII., 1900.) CCXLVI CISTOTHORUS Cabanis. 1850. 724. Short-billed Marsh Wren. Cistothorus stellaris (Light.) Cab. 1850. A male of this species was seen at London, Ont, in 1898, and several old nests were found but no females were seen. {W. E. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN UlKUS. 675 6aundtrs.) I have two specimens of this bird taken by Mr C W Nash at Toronto. {J. H. FUming.) On Au^nist 29th. rSoi. I found and secured an adult female of this species in an old field north of Toronto, the bird was a lonj? distance from any marsh or water; on June 7th, 1895, T captured an adult male in a wet meadow east of Toronto ; there were no rushes near this phu • but the grass was very rank. {C. W. Nash in The Auk, Vol. XIIl' p. 347) A male was taken in a wet meadow at Norway House' June 20th; from its actions it probably had a nest in the vicinity but despite a careful search none was found. {E. A. Preblcs.) I found the birds to be rather plentiful along the Red River in lo V oozy ground, o-ergrown with scrub willows, and also in the reedy sloughs of th.- prairie. They were undoubtedly breeding here, though no nests were secured. My specimens were secured atlemb.nainjune. {Coues.) A summer resident of erratic dis- tribution in Manitoba; soon after the 1st of May, every little sedgy pool and slough in the Assiniboine valley, from Carberry to Felly, IS vocal with the merry chatter of this bird. The nest IS a globular structure, and judging by the one or two cases I have obseryert'/«^tVt'/rt: in the generally duller and rather darker shades of the upper parts. {Oberholser in The Auk, Vol. XIV., pp 188-196.) Found in the interior of British Columbia, only breeding about the muddy margins of mountain lakes. {Sireator.) I have found this bird only east of the Coast Range where it was very abundant around the lakes along the Cariboo road. {Fannin.) A few stay all winter at Lake Okanagan, B.C. {Brooks.) Observed a num- ber of individuals in a reedy pond, at Edmonton, Alta., May loth, 1897, I think that they arrived much earlier ; common in tall rushes around all the ponds and lakes. May 13th, on May 27th examined about 30 nests and obtained only one egg, on June loth found three nests, one with young ones and two with eggs nearly fresh, nests fastened to the rushes {Scirpus lacustris), out in the water and made of grass ; found a pair breeding at Peace River Landing, Lat. 56° 15', July 1st, 1903. {Spreadboro2igh.) This species was not observed till we reached the Rocky Moun- tains when a few were seen on marshy ground near Chief Moun- tain (Watertori) Lake. {Coues.) I place this record here where it evidenly belongs. {Macouti.) Mr. Drummond killed specimens of this wren on the eastern declivity of the Rocky Mountains on z 1 678 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the 55th parallel. {Richardson.) Breeding over the lake country east of the Coast Range; I found it abundant at Lac la Hache, B.C.; it must range much farther north than this, probably to Stewart's Lake, Lat. 54°. {Rhoads.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Five; four taken at Edmonton, Alta., in May, 1897; one taken at Peace River Landing, July ist, 1903. Two sets of eggs, both taken at Edmonton, Alta., one of six and another of seven eggs respectively, June loth, 1897, ^^^ by Mr. W. Spreadborough. Family LIIL CERTHIID-ffi. Creepers. CCXLVIIL CERTHIA Linn*:us. 726. Brown Creeper. 1758. Certhia familiar is americ ana (^O'^kv.) Ridgw. 1873. Apparently a summer migrant in Newfoundland; but may not migrate. (Reeks.) A rather common resident at Halifax, N.S. {Doivfis.) A rather rare summer resident at St. John, N.B. (Chamberlain.) A scarce permanent resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. (W. H. Moore.) A common transient visitant around Montreal; observed nearly all the year ; a few possibly breed and winter there. (Wintle.) This bird is frequently met with in eastern Quebec; taken at Beauport. {Dion?ie.) A common winter migrant around Ottawa. {Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) I have frequently noticed this bird in the fall and early spring, though but seldom in the summer; neither have I observed it breeding in eastern .Ontario, though it probably does. {Rev. C.J. Young) A very common resident in Parry Sound and Mus- koka districts. {J. H. Fleming.) Not very common in Algonquin Park, Ont.; have not seen its nest. {Spre idhorough.) A common migrant, but a rare summer resident around London, Ont. {W. E. Saunders) Common resident at Guelph, Ont.; more abundant in autumn, winter and spring than in summer. {A. B. Klugh) A common resident at Penetanguishene, Ont. {A. F. Youmj) A very rare summer resident of woodlands in eastern Manitoba ( Thompson-Seton) Breeding Notes. — Have taken several nests at Ottawa, always in deserted woodpecker's holes. The nests are made of grasses CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 679 antl lichens, lined with hair and feathers; eggs 6, white with spar- ingly distributed reddish brown dots. {G.R.White.) Breeds in Welland county, Ont., where Mr. Reinecke has taken its nest and eggs; it is more plentiful in Muskoka and in northern Ontario, where it makes its nest of twigs and bark in a decayed tree-stub under the loose bark and lays 5 to 6 white eggs, heavily spotted with reddish brown, chiefly at the largest end. {W. Raine.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Four; one purchased with the Holman collection in 1885; one taken at Ottawa, September loth, 1890, by Dr. F. A. Saunders ; one taken at London, Ont., November 12th, 1884, by Mr. W. E.' Saunders; one at Bracebridge, Ont., Feb. 22nd, 1892, by Mr. w! Spreadborough. One set of four eggs taken in Muskoka, Ont., June 24th, 1889, and presented by Mr. W. Raine. 7266. Rocky Mountain Creeper. Certhia Jamiliaris montana R\v>G\\ . 1882. Quite rare at Revelstoke, B.C., only two seen up to May 4th, 1890 ; occasionally heard in the thick woods during May'. {Spreadborough.) Rare in British Columbia. A male creeper from Nelson, B.C., appears to be montana. {Rhoads.) Rather common »n winter at Lake Okanagan, associating with chickadees. Tol- erably common in winter in the Cariboo district of British Colum- bia. {Brooks.) 726c. Californian Creeper. Certhia familiaris occidcntalis. Ridgw. 1882. Saw three individuals on October 25th. 1901, at Chilliwack, B.C., in company with a number of Canada nuthatches; one individual seen at Agassiz, B.C., on May i6th, 1889; one shot at Como.x, Vancouver Island, May 2nd, 1887, and a few seen at Victoria later ■in the month. {Spreadborough.) Not uncommon on the coast; only one seen in the interior. The single specimen taken at Ducks, a bird of the year, is perhaps referable to montana. {Streator.) East and west of Coast Range ; common on Van- couver Island. {Fannin.) Tolerably common resident at Chilli- wack. {Brooks.) Neither rare nor common on the coast of British Columbia. {Rhoiuis.) Seen only in the tall timber along Indian i||#~i 680 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. River, Sitka, Alaska, where I secured six specimens and saw several others. {Giinnell.) One specimen was taken and several others were seen in Cumshewa Inlet, Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C., June 20th, 1900. {Osgood.) MUSEUM SPECIMEN. One specimen taken by the writer at Comox, Vancouver Island,, May 2nd, 1887. Family LIV. PARIDiE Nuthatches and Tits. CCXLIX. SITTA LiNN^.us. 17583 727. White-breasted Nuthatch. Sitta Caroline nsis Lath. 1790. Common on Anticosti ; Audubon saw one in Labrador. {Packard.) Common along the Humber River, Newfoundland, 1899. {Louis H. Porter.) Rather common summer resident at Halifax, N.S. {Dozvtis.) One individual taken on Sable Island, N.S., September 29th, 1902. {James Bouteillier.) Cove Head, Prince Edward Island, July 4th, 1888. {Macoun) Common in spring and summer but not seen in winter at St. John, N.B. {Chamberlain?) A tolerably permanent resident at Scotch Lake» York Co., N.B. {W.H. Moore.) It is seen in the woods of eastern Quebec, but near the city I have never seen a single individual. Taken at St. Valier, Bellechasse Co., Que. {Dionne.) A perma- nent resident at Montreal. Common spring and fall migrant, but a scarce summer and winter resident. {Wvttle.) A common resident at Ottawa. {Ottazva NaturalistyVo\.Y.) A common bird in eastern Ontario. Have observed it all through the winter as well as in summer at Lansdowne. It breeds com- monly in Leeds Co., though as the nest is usually made in a hole of a tree, often a maple, high up, it is not often discovered. {Rev. C. J. Young.) A common resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. I found a nest on 24th May, 1893, at P^ms- dale; it was in a natural hollow in a large maple, and about 30 feet from the ground. The six eggs were laid on the rotten wood and surrounded by a few of the bird's feathers. (/. H. Fleming.) Common resident at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. Klugh.) Nests have been taken at Sherksion, Welland Co., by Mr. P^dward Reinecke. Here it lays from seven to eight eggs in a hole in a decayed tree- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 68 1 stub. One nest was in an ash tree 50 feet from the ground. {W.Raifie.) A common resident at Penetanguishene, Ont. (A.F. Young.) ir MUSEUM ZPKCIMENS. Five; two taken at Ottawa by the writer in May, 1888, and one by Dr. F. A Saunders, Nov. 1st, 1890; two at Bracebridge, Ont., in Feb., 1892, by Mr. W. Spreadborough. One set of seven eggs taken at Sherkston, Welland Co., Ont., by Mr. Edward Reinecke. 727a. Slender-billed Nuthatch. Sitta carolinensis aculcata (Cass.) Allen. 1872. Somewhat rare; summei resident of woodlands; its distribution seems to be much the same as that of the oak {Q. fnacrocarpa) I cannot concur that both forms of Sitta caroliimisis are found in Manitoba; all that I have seen are nearer to aculcata than to the typical sub-species. {Thompson-Seton.) One observed in the Crow's Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains, July 29th, 1897; not common at Revelstoke, B.C.; a few were seen in a piece of green timber near the railway station on May 12th, 1890; rather common at Deer Park and Robson on the Columbia River; breeding in both localities; four seen at Cascade, B.C. June, 1902; not uncommon in mountain woods at Spence's Bridge, B.C., May, 1889; only observed two specimens at Penticton, B.C., April, 1903. {Spreadborough.) Rather common at Lake Okanagan, B.C., in winter, associating with chickadees; in summer confined to tho region of Pinus pondcrosa in B.C. {Brooks.) British Columbia. {Lord.) Very common in the interior; breeds. {Strcator.) Com- mon east of Coast Range ; I found them very abundant on the wooded hills above Cornwallis. {Fannin.) Abounds in the wooded hills of the interior of British Columbia. {Rlwads.) One specimen taken on Sumas prairie, B.C., October loth, 1894. {E.F. G. White.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Nine ; three taken at Deer Park, Columbia River, B.C., June, 1890; three at Cascade, fi.C, June 26th, 1902; two at Penticton, B.C., in April, 1903; one at Spence's Bridge, B.C., May 28th, 1889, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. 682 ■ GEOLOGICAL SURVFY OF CANADA. 728. Red-breasted Nuthatch. Sitta canadensis Linn. 1766. Audubon, Vol. IV., p. 179, states that he saw one in Labrador, which had probably been driven there by a storm. {Packard.) Common on Moose River; none seen at Moose Factory or further north. {Spreadboroiigh.) Perhaps a permanent resident in New- foundland. {Reeks.) One seen on the Humber River, Newfc nd- land, August i8th, 1899. {Louis H.Porter.) A fairly common resident at Halifax, N.S.; associated with the chickadees. {Dotims.) Five single specimens were seen on Sable Island in July and August, 1899. There were no signs of nesting and in no case were two seen together on any part of the island. The one located at the main station entered the houses and caught flies in the windows and twice it perched on the writer's head and sprung at the flies in the window from that perch; besides catch- ing flies it would hunt up and down the telephone poles and On the fence posts and boards for other food; not uncommon at Bad- deck and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, July, 1898; a few were noticed in spruce trees at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 26th June, 1888. {Macotm.) One seen on July 14th and another September 8th, 1902, on Sable Island, N.S. {James Bouteillicr.) I had about given up seeing this species at all when I came upon several at Souris, Prince Edward Island, probably a family. {Dwight.) Usually an uncommon resident at St. John, N.B. {Chamberlain.) A common permanent resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {IV. H. Moore.) Quite common in the Resti- gouche valley, N.B.; young just beginning to fly in July. {Brittain & Cox.) A tolerably common summer resident on the Magdalen Islands. {Bishop.) A permanent and common resident in e.-^stern Quebec. Taken at Beauport. {Diomie.) A common transient visitant at Montreal ; probably a few breed and winter there. {Winile.) A common resident at Ottawa. {Ottaxva Naturalist, \o\. V.) In the years 1887 and 1888 this bird appeared to be unusually common in Renfrev.^ Co., Ont. In the former year I met with four nests. Two of these were in partly decayed poplar trees; one about lo feet and the other about 30 feet from the ground. The eggs are laid the second week in May at latest, as on 21st of that month I found the young just hatched. A peculiarity of the CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 683 nest hole is that the orifice is smeared with rosin from the neigh- bouring spruce or pine trees, carried by the bird. I did not notice any nests in the pine or spruce themselves. About Lansdowne, Leeds Co., the bird is uncommon even in late spring (Rev C.J Young.) A common breeding ie..ident in Parrv Sound and Muskoka districts. (/. H. Fleming.) Abundant eVervwhere in Algonqmn Park, Ont., in summer. {Spreadborough.) A common migrant ,n southern Ontario. Two specimens were noted near Wiarton in North Bruce, Ont., on June 19th, 1889, which were probably breeding. {W. E. Saunders.) A passing migrant at Guelph Ont. (A.B./C/ugk.) A common resident at Penetangui- shene, Ont., throughout the year. {A. F. Youmj) A very rare summer resident in Manitoba especially in the Red River valley. {Thompson-Seton) .Very abundant in the fall migra- tion at Avveme, Manitoba. {Norman Criddle) One shot at Medicine Hat, Assa., in May, 1894; a few seen on Lee's Creek, near Cardston Alta., m July, 1895; not common in the Peace River country very few seen during the season of 1903; tolerably common'in the spruce woods at Edmonton, Alta., Tune 12th, '1897, found a nest in a hole in a live poplar about 16 feet from the ground, the young were in the nest ; commcn from Edmonton to Athabasca Pass in June, 1898 ; not uncommon in the foothills south to Crow's Nest Pass; common and breeding in the woods at Banff, Rocky Mountains, in the summer of 1891; a common summer resident at Revelstoke, B.C.; and at Deer Park, and Rohson, on the Columbia River, where they were biv^ding in the thick woods; summer resident near the International Boundary between Trail and Cas- cade, B.C., in 1902; common both in the valley and on the hills at Penticton, south of Lake Okanagan, B.C., in April, 1903, nesting quite early in April ; common in the coniferous woods at Kam- loops,Spenc.'s Bridge, Agassiz and Hastings, B.C., in 1889- ob- served a few all summe. in the woods all along the Chilliwack River and Lake, in the Eraser valley in 1901; a common resident throughout v^ancouver Island. {Spreadborough. \ Not rare between Athabasca Landing and Lesser Slave River; first seen May 29th- not rare on the Clearwater River up to Methye Portage ( / M. Macoun.) British Columbia. {Lord.) Common on the coast and in the ir. . nor. {Streator.) Common east and west of Coast Range; w,-,.ers on Vancouve, Island. {Fannin.) Tolerably com- mon ,cSKu-,it from the valley at Chilliwack to timber line on 684 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Coast Range. Common around Lake Okanagan, B.C., in winter, associating with chickadees. Rather common in winter in the Cariboo district of B.C. {Brooks.) Two specimens were taken inCumshewa Inlet, Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C., June i8th and June 22nd respectively. No others were seen during our stay. {Osgood)' I took a male at Skagway, Alaska, May 31st, and another at Log Cabin, June 20th, and heard one on an island at the junction of the Lewis and Pelly rivers, near Fort Selkirk, Yukon district, July 26th. This species has not heretofore been noted in the Yukon valley. {Bishop.) Breeding Notes.— The eggs of this species are laid by May lOth, at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B., in a hole excavated in a dead tree, preferably a spaice or fir. The nest is generally about four inches below the entrance, and is composed of bark, fibre, fur and a few feathers. The cavity is about three inches in diameter and is sonudmes made with great IJoour. On one occasion a pair were found digging a cavity, March 2e)th, and at that date could get half the size of the bird into the hole. Knots were struck about two inches down and late in April they had to give up their site and find a new place. Before leaving they had collected quite a coating of balsam about the entrance, perhaps for the purpose of keeping out large ants or mice. Both male and female work at nest making. The number of eggs is six, each of which is set in a light depression in the nest lining. {IV.H. Moore.) In June, 1893, I found this bird nesting at Rush Lake, Assa. There are no trees at Rush Lake, so the bird laid its eggs in a hole in a beam on the stable-roof. {W.Raine.) Last summer I found a nest of the red-breasted nuthatch. It was dug in a rotten stump five feet from the ground, and contained young birds almost able to fly. Around the entrance to the nest was a ring of pine or balsam gum, and as I saw the young birds picking at it I inferred it was an insect trap. I also found three nests of the chickadee, and each was lined with the hair of the Lepus aniericana. {G. E. Atkinson in Trans. Can. Inst.. Vol. III., 3rd Series.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Twenty-one; one taken at Ottawa by the writer on May 12, 1888, another by Mr. G. R. White, Dec. 16, 1888, and two others by Dr. F. A. Saunders in Nov. 1890; one taken at London, Ont., May 10, 1881. by Mr. W. E. Saunders , one taken at Medicine Hat, '^kiL-:< ■^X^/¥ CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 685 Assa., May,2i, 1894, one at Edmonton, Alta., April 29, 1897, three at Banff. Rocky Mountains in June, 1891, one at Revelstoke B C April 25, 1890, two at Deer Park. Columbia River, B.C., June i8qo' one at Penticton, B.C., April, 8, 1903, one at Spence's Bridge B C ' June 3, 1889, one at Chillivvack, B.C., June 8, 1901, and two at Victoria, Vancouver Island, in May, 1893, all by Mr. W. Spread- borough. '^ One set of five eggs taken near Wolfcville, N.S., by Mr. Harold lufts, May 23, 1901; nest in a hole in a dead birch stump about ten feet from the ground, composed of fine rootlets and grass. 730. Pygmy Nuthatch. ^itta pygmcBa Vig. 1839. British Columbia. '.Lord) Found only at Ducks where it was as common as the others. {Streator) I have only found this bird east of the Coast Range. ^Fannin.) Rather common at Lake Okanagan, B.C. in winter. Confined to the regions oi Pintts ponderosa in B.C., in summer. {Brooks.) Only found and that sparingly at Vernon near Lake Okanagan, B.C. {Rhoads) Com- mon on the hill-sides in the scattered timber at Penticton, Lake Okanagan, B.C. It builds its nest in holes in trees anywhere from 6 to 40 feet from the ground; they have a remarkable way of caulking up the holes and seams in the tree around their nest with hair. They sometimes work 10 or 12 days making the nest- on April 15th, 1903, found a pair building their nest; chopped the same out May ist and found six eggs; the bird covered them with feathers on leaving the nest so I suppose she had not finished laying. {Spreadborough.) , MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seven specimens taken at Penticton, B.C.. in April, 1903, by Mr vv. bpreadborough. ^ -j j CCL. PARUS LiNN^us. 1758. 735. Chickadee. Pitrus atricapilius Lm^. 1706. Locally common in timbered parts of northeastern Labrador {Btgelozv.) I am informed by .redible persons long resident in ^1 686 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the country, that two species of chickadees occur at Northwest River, at the head of Hamilton Inlet. {Packard:) Common on Moose River; none seen at Moose Factory or further norths {Spreadboroitgh.) Common and resident throughout the year on Newfoundland. {Recks.) Most abundant along the Humber River, Newfoundland, 1899. {Louis H. Porter.) An abundant resident at Halifax, N.S. {Dowfis.) Common at Baddeck and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, N.S., July, 1898 ; quite common in woods at Brackley Beach, Prince Edward Island, June, 1888. {Macoun.) Occasionally, small roving families were encountered on Prince Edward Island, so that it is a fairly com- mon species. {D^vight.) An abundant resident throughout the year at St. John, N.B. {Chamberlain.) An abundant and perman- ent resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moore.) Not uncommon in the Restigouche valley, N.B. {Brittain &■ Cox.} Quite common at Lake Mistassini, northern Quebec. (/. M. Macoun.) A common and permanent resident, but most common in spring and autumn. {Diontie.) A common winter visitant ; observed from September 17th to April 25th. {Wintlc.) A com- mon resident at Ottawa, {Ottaiva Naturalist. Vol. V.) A very- common species in eastern Ontario; about Lansdowne, Out., I met with the nest in May containing six eggs. {Rev. C.J. Vou?tg.} An abundant breeding resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka dis- tricts, Ont. (/. H. Fleming.) Common everywhere in Algonquin Park, Ont., in summer, saw a pair making a nest in a rotten stump, June i8th, 1900; another pair was seen building a nest in a hole in a birch tree on July 15th; they appear to work only early in the morning at building their nest. {Sprci^dborough) Resident the year round at London, Ont., but less common in summer than at other seasons. {IV. E. Saunders.) Very common resident at Guelph, Ont. {A.B.Klugh.) An abundant resident at Pene- tanguishene, Ont. {A. F. Young.) Has been taken at Moose Factory, lames Bay, on two occasions. {E. A. Prebles.) Breeding Notes. — This species nests at Scotch Lake, N.B., from April to August. Sometimes it uses an old woodpecker's nest, lining it with dark fibres, fur and a few feathers. From five to eight eggs are laid. {W.H.Moore.) Nest built in a tree or stump, at Ottawa, lined with hair, fine grass, moss and feathers. Eggs, six to eight, white, speckled and spotted with reddish- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BJRDS. 687 brown, Chiefly towards the larger end. (G./^.tV/nie.) Nest, in marshy tn.ckets around Ottawa. On April ,8th, ,903, a pjir of birds was seen d.gging a hole in a fence post and ;nTh^e 8th June 1903, a nest w.th s.x young was discovered in a small stump The openmg. 18 mches from the ground, was one inch in diameter was 71 Zth of"-"" T""'' 'r^ ^^^^" "^^^^ ^"^ feathers and was at a depth o s.x inches in the stump. (Garnrau.) A common resident in Ontario; it breeds in a hole of a stub excavated uTu^m" by the bird itself about the middle of May, I have seen fresh" j^ on,t e zsth of the month. In its habit li excavating a ho elo tse If .t resembles the European marsh titmouse, the only one o the titrnice that does so. In its note and otherwise it closely resembles this species (Parus pa/us^ris). Though during spine and summer ,t is a bird of the woods, in cold winter wLther h th's wi: " ''' u^'T ^"' -^'^"•'^'"^«.- the present :inte 90 this was especially the case. (Jiev. C.J. Youttr) ' MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Ten; two taken at Ottawa by Mr. G. R. White in Anril ,8^.. three at Ottawa by Dr. F. A. Sounders, in Septem "e.X; o'nt by the writer, May 4th. ,888; one at London, Ont., bj) M^W E ':^^\^lXr:^o:-:' ^--^-- Ont..;archT.t^; museum; one of six taken at Wolfville, N.S., ^by ul hIoM Tuf s. May ,5th, ,897, nest, placed in the bottom of a hole n a small birch stump, composed of rootlets and hair. 735a. Long-tailed Chickadee. Parus atncapillus septetitrionaln (Harris) Allen 1872 One taken an the Lower Echimamish, June 24th, 190, IR 'a itLv.TTZ"' ''" ''■■" "^^ P^"'^"^^^ -' Chief Moun: tarn Lake, Rocky Mountains, on August 28th, ,874. (Coues^ Res.den in Manitoba n wooded sections. The Manitoba b^Hs not strictly ..//.«/n^;^/^:, but is nearer to that form than loatri caprllus. iThor.pson.Seto..) A common breeding res d nt at' Aweme, Manitoba. ( A^^.„ CrM,,.) Only one individual was een .n a hree months' residence at Indian Head, Assa., in the sp ing o 688 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 1892; two were seen ill a willow thii ket in the east end ot the Cypress Hills, Jume 27th, 1894; common from Lesser Slav' Lake to Peace River Landinir, Lat. 56° 15', in June, 1903; tolerably common at Pximonton, Alta. by April 17th, May 25th found a nest in a poplar stub about seven feet from the ground, the nest con- tained eight young; common from Edmonton to Athabasca Pass in June, 1898 ; observed a number on Klbow River and at Crow's Nest Lake, July 31st, 1897; common and breeding in the mountain woods at Banff, Rocky Mountain-,, in the summer of 1891; shot at Revelstoke, B.C., on April 9th, 1890, fairly common during Apr'l and May; in June it was common at Deer Park, on the Columbia River; a nest containing four eggs was taken at Robson on June 24th, 1890, it was on an old tree hanging over the water of Pass Creek; observed abou- a dozen at Penticton, B.C., in April, 1903. {Spreadborough) A common and perman- ent resident around Prince Albert, Sask. {Coiibeaux.) One speci- mtnt taken at the Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan. {Nutting.) Not rare at Athabasca Landing and up the river to Lesser Slave River; common at Fort McMurray, Lat. 56° 40', but rare up the Clearwater River to Methye Portage, seemingly displacing P. Imdsomais] common between Methye Lake and Isle a la Crosse. (/. M. Macoim) According to the dimensions given, the male bird seen at Carlton House by Richardson belongs to this species. Length 5 >^ inches, length of tail 2\ inches. {Macoun.) North to Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River. {Ross.) Common through- out the valleys of the interior. {Streator.) I found this bird very common on the wooded hills east of the Coast Range, especially in the neighbourhood of Cornwallis. {Fannin) Abundant nearlv everywhere around Lake Okanagan, B.C., in winter. A common species in winter in the Cariboo district of British Colt mbia. {Brooks) Abounds in the inter-mountainous regions of British Columbia up to 3,000 feet. {Rhoads) Throughout the wooded region of Alaska, from the moist heavily-wooded coast in the Sitkan and Kadiak regions north throughout the entire Yukon and adjoining country this bird is a common resident. {Nelson.) We took this species at Bennett, June 19th, west shore of Lake Bennett, June 24th, Caribou Cross- ing June 26th, Lake Marsh, July 7th, and Lake Lebarge July 15th, but did not notice it again until we reached the lower Yukon, although chickadees were heard several times whose specific CATALOGUE OF CANAOIA BlkDS. 689 identity was not determined. Thirty miles below Holy Cross Mission 1 took two, Angust 25th, and at the Aphoon mouth I saw a small flo.-k August 28th, Young aMe to fly were taken July 7th. One taken. August 2Sth,had compld-d the moult into first winter plumage, while an adult taken the same day wa. in fn h plumage. {Bishop.) On the 26th Oi ober, 1898. 1 was hunting in the willow b..f -ns .aong the Hunt River north of our winter quarters on kui/ebue Sound, Alaska, when I met with this species for the first time. {Grinnell) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Fifteen ; one taken at Peace River Landing, June 17, 1903; one at Banff, Rocky Mountains, May 19, 1891, two at Kdmonton.Alta , April, 1897, five at Revelstoke,H.C., April, 1890, one at Deer Park' Columbia River, B.C., June 7, 1890, two at Cascade, B.C., June 14' 1902. two at Pent: on. B.C., April, 1903. an ' one at Kamloops,' B.C., June 18, l8;v,. .ul by Mr. VV. Spreadborough. 7356. Oregon Chickadee. Parus atriciipilbts occidcntalis (Baird) Coues. 1872. Not uncommon in the wo. ds at Agassiz, and Hastings, B.C.* in April and May, 1889; common at Chilliwack, B.C., also along the river to the head of Chilliwack Lake, in July, 1901. {Spread- borough) British Columbia. {Lord) Common in the coast region. {Streator) A conmon resident west of Coast Range. (Fannin) Abundant resident at Chilliwack. (Brooks) Abundant in the coast region of British Columbia. (Rhoads) Hartlaub records two specimens of this form taken at Chilcat; he added aNo " on February 17th, seen .n the low bushes and deciduous trees near the shore, summer and winter always in low thickets near coast." {Nelson) This species ranges through the Yukon district; during a warm period of winter these birds were occasionally seen at St. Michael. They retire to the interior in May and are not seen on the coast in the summer months. (Tmner) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Nine; four taken at Agassiz, B.C., May, i889,three at Chilliwack, B.C., May, 1901. two at Huntington, B.C., October 4th, 1901, all by Mr. VV. Spreadborough. I8>^ « I ♦ if. 1 ■ ^ ^°v ^>. ^ .^0, IMAGE EVALUAT!ON TEST TARGET (MT-S) / O ■^ 1.0 ■^ISd I.I 11.25 1.4 ill 1.6 P^ ^ m> /A ^l. 0-: '^i ^> % > /a V ^ -y y Photographic Sdences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 690 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 738. Mountain Chickadee. Parus gambeli Ridgw. 1886. A common summer ri^^ident at Banff, Rocky Mountains in 1891; three shot on the mountains at Deer Park, Columbia River, B.C.; observed two on a mountain north of the Little Miette River, Athabasca Pass, Rocky Mountains, 1898 ; a common summer resident at Robson, B.C.; young full-grown and fledged by June 26th, 1890; abundant at Spence's Bridge, B. C, in May, 1889; common on Sophie Mountain at 4,400 feet altitude, on the Inter- national Boundary, B.C., in ^1902; observed about a dozen at Penticton, B.C., in April, X903 ; common at Elko, B.C., in May, 1904, a pair building a nest in a hole in a live larch about 14 feet from the ground. May 9th, 1904. {Spreadborougk.) British Columbia. {Lord.) Abundant about the mountains of the interior; breeds. {Streaior.) Wooded hills east of Coast Range and in Rocky Mountain district. {Famdn.) I never secured this species but am confident I saw it on the Coast Range, B.C.; rather common around Lake Okanagan,B.C., in winter; observed occasionally at Quesnel, in the Cariboo district of B.C., in winter. {Brooks.) Found in the interior mountains of British Columbia, but not in the Rockies. {Rhoads.) Rather comm n in spring at Golden, on the Columbia River; also in the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (E. F. G. White.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seventeen; five taken at Banff, Rocky Mountains in May, 1891; one at Deer Park, and another at Robson, Columbia River, B.C., June, 1890; one at Griffin Lake, B.C., August 6th, 1889 ; three at Spence's Bridge, B.C., June, 1889; one at Cascade, July 15th, 1902; two others at Penticton, B.C., April, 1903, and three at Elko, B.C., May, 1904; all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. * 739. Siberian Chickadee. Parus ductus obtecttts (Cab.) Ridgw. 1885. On June ist; 1864, a nest of this species containing seven eggs was found near Fort Anderson in a hole in a spruce stump at a height of six feet from the ground. This was the first discovery of the nest of this b.:d on the American continent. It wascomposed of a moderate quantity of hare or rabbit fur, intermixed with a CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 691 spnnkl.ngof dried moss. {MacfarUtfie) The habitat of this bird includes, as far as known, the spruce forests in northeastern Siberia extendingacrossaverysimilarregionin-thenorthernhalf of Alaska and reaching the Anderson River on the east. {Nelson) Several spec.mens of Parns were obtained from various localities in the Yukon district. They were referred to the species cinctns. Later exammations show that these are identical with P. obtectus Cab ( lurtter.) 740. Hudsonian Chickadee. Pariis hudsonicus Forst. 1772. Abundant everywhere in the wooded tracts. Young were obtained, July 19th, 1882, at Davis Inlet, and early in August at Fort Chimo. {Packard.) Observed a number about ig miles inland from Richmond Gulf, July 6th, 1896; next observed at (^ZZl 7: September i8th, where they were common. iSpreadborough.) Breeds; is common, and does not migrate from Newfoundland. {Reeks.) A rather common resident at Halifax, N.S. {Dow?is ) Not uncommon at Baddeck and Margaree, Cape Breton Island, July 1898; common in spruce trees at Brackley Point. Prince Edward Island, June 26th, 1888. {Macoun.) Tolerably common on Prince Edward Island. {Dzvight.) Met with at all seasons at St. John, W.B. iChantberlatn.) A common permanent resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {l . H. Moore) Not uncommon in the Restigouche valley, N.B. {Brittain 6- Cox) Common on the Magdalen Islands. {Bishop) Not so common as the black-capped chickadee. It breeds in the northern part of Quebec province ; taken at Beauport. {Dionne) A rare winter visitant at Montreal Mr. Kuetz.ng has found this species in Hochelaga woods from November 1st to December 7th. {IVifa/e) A moderately common winter migrant at Ottawa ; early fall records are October 31st, 1883 and October. 20th, 1889. {OUazva Naturahst Vo . V.) This seems to be the commonest chickadee on the Magdalen Islands; I met with it frequently there in June, ^^''' ;''"'' *'''*"'' two nests containing young the middle of that month. The nest was brilt in a small spruce stump about two feet down the hole being entered from the top. In one case the nest rested on the ground, the stump being not more than eighteen 'I II 692 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. inches high; I never saw this bird in Ontario. {Rev. C.J. Young.) Mr. Kay saw a pair at Port Sydney, Muskoka, in November, 1892; I have looked for it carefully in Parry Sound district but without success; I have secured a single specimen at Toronto. (/. H. Fleming^ We first met this species on the Echimamish River, June 24th. We noted it again at Robinson Portage, three days later, and found it common at Oxford House, where we secured a male, Julv 3rd. We saw several on an island in Knee Lake, July 5th, and a number at York Factory, July 13th, collecting two on the latter date. On our return we saw several on Hill River, September 3rd. (£. A. Preble.) Found only in the north and east of Manitoba among the great coniferous forests; permanent resident, {Thompson- Seton^ Two specimens of this species were secured at Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan. {Nutting.) First noticed at Sulphur Springs on the Clearwater River, about Lat. 56° 30', very common from there to Methye Portage and across the portage, and from Methye Lake to Isle a la Crosse. (/. M. Macoun.) Shot one on May 7th, 1897 at Edmonton, Alta., the only one seen; one seen at Bear Creek, Peace River, Lat. 56°, August 5th, 1903; common in spruce woods along the Atha- basca River at Jasper House, Alta., in June, 1898. {Spread- borough.) North to Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River; not common. {Ross.) This bird has been found throughout the wooded portion of Alaska from its southern coastline at Fort Kenai north through the Kuskoquim and Yukon River regions to the northern tree-limit, well within the Arctic Circle. {Nelson.) A number of specimens of this species was obtained from Fort Yukon, Nulato and several from St. Michael. It visits the coast only during the winter. It is a con- stant resident of the wooded districts and in some localities is quite abundant. {Turner.) Very common at Tyonek, but rarely seen at Hope; two specimens were taken at Fort Kenai by Bis- choff. Cook's Inlet specimens do not seem to differ from those of the Yukon and Kovvak valleys. I am also unable to find any appreciable differences between them and three birds recently collected by E. A. Preble near the type locality of hudsonictis. Consequently I do net agree that the specimens at oresent avail- able warrant the recognition of Parus hudsonicus evura. From a rather hasty examination of the material in the National Museum there seems to be an average difference in the length of the tail ] r t n t CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 693 between the Alaska birds and the birds from the extreme north- eastern United States. The birds from the west side of Hudson Bay, however, are intermediate and apparently nearer to the Alaska birds. In other words, as far as present material goes, there are just as good grounds for the recognition of Parus hud- sotiicus Httoralis Bryant, 1863, from Nova Scotia, as for P. h. evura Coues, 1884, from Alaska. {Osgood.) Breeding Notes.— One nest of this species found at Scotch Lake, N.B., was in a fir stub about 15 feet from the ground, the hole was lined with hair and fur. Eggs 6, hatched Jme 1st; June 28th, found a nest of six young birds ready to leave the nest. {W. H. Moore.) I have several sets of eggs that were taken at Hamilton Inlet, Labrador, in June, 1896. The bird lays six to eight eggs in a hole in a decayed stub. {W. Raine.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Three specimens taken at Miramichi, N.B., in 1889, by Mr. Philip Cox; one taken at Edmonton, Alta., May, 189;, by Mr. W. Spreadborough. One set of six eggs taken at Wolfvil'", N.S., June 3rd, 1896, by Mr. Harold Tufts. 740a. Kowak Chickadee. Parus htidsoidcus stoiieyi (Ridgw.) A. O. U. Check List. 1889. Valley of the Kowak River, northwestern Alaska. {A. 0. U. Check List.) 740b. Columbian Chickadee. Panes hudsotdcus colutnbianus Rhoads. 1^93. One specimen of this species was shot on the summit of Toad Mountain, near Nelson, B.C., at an altitude of 6,700 feet in July, 1890, and one in Eagle Pass, near Revelstoke, B.C.; two speci- mens were taken on Moose Mountain, near the source of Elbow River, and two others observed at the source of Fish Creek, Rocky Mountains in July, 1897. {Spreadborough) Four speci- mens of Parus from the central Rocky Mountains near Field, B.C., taken in a deep forest at an elevation of 5,000 feet differ so materially from Parus hudsotdcus that it seems proper to separate them. {Rhoads.) Rather common at Lake Okanagan, B.C., in I ri 694 GEOLOGICAL SKJRVEY OF CANADA. winter. I also took this species on the divide between Nicola and Okanagan valleys, the most westerly point I have observed it. Abundant in the heavy spruce timber and on high elevations, in winter, in Cariboo district, B.C. {Brooks.) Rocky Mountains, from Liard River south into Montana. {Rhoads in The Auk, Vol. X., p. 331.) An adult male was taken at Homer in June, and two specimens on September 12th, 1901, in first winter plumage. Not common but seen at all placesvisited on the Kenai timber belt in Alaska. It was usually found in the dead spruce groves of the more open country. {Chapman) 740c. Yukon Chickadee. Parus hudsoniais cviira CouES. We took the Yukon chickadee at Caribou Crossing, June 27th; Lake Tagish, June 30th; Lake Marsh, July 5th, and Lake Lebarge, July 14th; and after reaching Thirty-mile River, July 19th, found it regularly distributed in families or large flocks, all the way to Fort Yukon, 15 miles above which I saw a flock, August 21st. At St. Michael I took a young female in first winter plumage, Sep- tember 20th. Young able to fly were first taken, July 5th, and moulting birds, August 13th. We took adults in full moult, June 27th, and one in which the moult was almost completed, July 24th. {Bishop) At our winter camp on the Kowak, Kotzebue Sound, Alaska, this species was common up to September. After that date and up to the first of April, but one or two at a time were seen and then only at long intervals. Early in September, groups of four to seven were noted nearly every day in the spruces around the cabin. Those chickadees observed during the winter were all in the dense willow thickets along Hunt River. By the first of May the chickadees were back again roving through the woods in pairs. Old woodpecker-holes were selected as nes' g sites, and I spotted nests in process of construction by the 15th May, but through various mishaps I failed to secure any eggs. {Grinjiell) 741. Chestnut-backed Chickadee. Parus ru/escetis Tow^s. 1837. Very common in the woods at Hastings, Burrard Inlet, B.C., in April, 1889; none were seen at Agassiz, about 50 miles up the F ■iser River in May; an abundant resident on Vancouver Island, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 695 nesting, April i6th, 1893, on May 5th found a nest in a hole in a dead tree; nest made of moss, lined with feathers. (Spread- borough.) From about Lat. 60°, on the southeastern coast of Alaska, south mto California this titmouse is abundant and breeds throughout the greatdr part of its range. {Nelson,) British Columbia. {Lord) Common in the coast region; breeds. \Streator) A common resident west of the Coast Range; breeds close to Victoria. {Famdn.) Tolerably common resident at Chilliwack; not uncommon around Lake Okanagan, BC in winter {Bfooks) Very common on the coast and islands of Jiritish Columbia but not found east of the Coast Range. {Rhoads ) Very common at English Bay, Vancouver. August 8th, 1894. 1/J. t. G. White.) Common everywhere, especially in the younger firs at the heads of the bays and inlets. First young, fullv fledged, taken June 26th, near Sitka, Alaska. {Grinnell.) Abundant on Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. Seven specimens taken by us {Osgood.) We found a few at Haines and Skagway, Alaska, and I took one and heard another at Glacier, June 5th. A female taken at Skagway, June 3rd, had f nished laying. {Bishop.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Seven; two taken at Hastings, Burrard Inlet, B.C., April, 1889 and five at Victoria, Vancouver Island, April and May, 1893, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. CCLI. PSALTRIPARDS 743. Bush-tit. Bonaparte. 1850. Psaltriparus minimus (Towns.) Bonap. 1854. I shot two specimens out of a considerable number on 25th November. 1899, but could not find any the next day at the same place, nor have I ever seen them before, though I have looked out for them. {Brooks.) This last reference is presumably to the l^raser River valley. {Macoun.) Family LV. SYLVIIDiE. Warblers, Kinglets. CCLII. PHYLLOPSEUSTES Meyer. 18x5. 747. Kennicott's Willow Warbler. Phyllopseustes borealis (Blas.) Meves. 1875. The original record of this bird in America was based on the capture of a single specimen at St. Michael, on August i6th 696 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 1866, by the naturalist of the Western Union Telegraph expedi- tion. During the summer of 1877, on July 26th and 31st, I obtained two specimens on each of the days mentioned, as they were searching the old board fences surrounding the houses at St. Michael. A few others were obtained later and they were seen the next year. {Nelson.) Two were discovered flitting rap- idly among the foliage of some birches a hundred yards back from the Kowak River, Kotzebue Sound, near our winter cabin. Their behaviour closely resembled that of the ruby-crowned kinglet. I saw Kennicott's willow warbler but once again, on the 14th of June, 1899, in the Kowak delta. I was following close around the margin of a small lake, when I found myself within twenty feet of a single individual which I at once recognized as of the same species taken the previous fall. The bird was close to the ground searching among some willow bushes and stunted spruces. ( Grinnell.) CCLIII. REGULUS Cuvier. 1799. 748. Golden-crowned Kinglet- Regtdus satrapa l^CHT. 1823. Fairly common in patches of spruce on the northeastern coast of Labrador, as far north as Aillik. {Bigclozu.) Audubon, Vol. II., p. 165, found them feeding their young in August. {Packard.) A common resident in Nova Scotia. {Downs.) A small flock was seen on Sable Island, N.S., on October 2nd, 1902. {James Bouteil- lier) Common in the woods at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, July 17th, 1888. {Mncoun.) Infrequently observed on Prince Edward Island. Young were on the wing by the last of June ; not uncommon at Baddeck, Cape Breton Island, in June, 1887. {Dwight.) Rather common, most abundant in the fall and winter, but it breeds in New Brunswick. {Chamberlain.) A common and permanent resident at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B.; the young are about with the parents in late June. {W. H. Moore.) A common but transient visitant, at Montreal in spring and autumn. {Wintle.) A not common spring and autumn migrant in eastern Quebec. {Dionne.) A common migrant at Ottawa. {Ottaiva Naturalist, Vol. V.) One of the commonest birds among pine and hemlock trees in the early:spring; I see numbers every year; I observed them breeding on the Magdalen Islands, in June» CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 697 1897, among the spruce, but could not find the nest; I never saw any in Ontario after the 1st of May. {Rev. C.J. Young.) An abundant winter resident; on two occasions I have met with birds in May, that from their actions must have been nesting. (/. H. Fleming.) Has been found two or three times near London, Ont. m late May, but no actual proof of breeding is yet reported. An abundant migrant, remaining through mild winters. {W. E. Saunders.) Not at all unusual to see a small party of these little fellows sunning themselves on the warm side of a cedar or spruce hedge during the coldest winter months around Toronto. (/. Hughes-Samuel.) A winter resident at Guelph. Ont. {A. B.Klug/i.) One seen on the lower Echimamish, June 24th, 1901. {E.A.Preble.) A very rare migrant; but may breed in Manitoba. They are very uncertain in their movements. {Thompson-Scton) A rare migrant at Aweme, Manitoba. {Norman Cnddle.) Common in spruce woods from Jasper House* to the summit of the Rocky Mountains in June, 1898; breeds at Banff, Rocky Mountains, but not so common as the ruby-crowned kinglet; common at Revelstoke, B.C., up to April 20th, 1890, when all disappeared; breeding in the woods at Robson, B.C.; young shot, June loth, 1890; common on Sophie Mountain, on the International Bound- ary, B.C., at an altitude of 4,400 feet in 1902. {Spreadborough.) Seen near Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan, but none were secured. {Nulting.) Common in the mountains southwest of Calgary, also in Crow's Nest Pass, July 28th, 1897. {Spreadborough.) Breeding Notes.— A set of seven eggs in my collection was taken at Cartwright, Labrador, June 15th, 1895. The nest was suspended to a branch of a spruce tree, 15 feet from the ground. {W. Rain^.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Thirteen; two taken at Banff, Rocky Mountains in May, 1891, three at Revelstoke, B.C., April, 1890, two at Trail, B.C., May, 1902, and one at Deer Park, B.C., June 6th, 1890, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough ; two taken at Ottawa in April, 1888, by Prof. Macoun; five others at Ottawa, in 1890, by Dr. F. A. Saunders. 748a. Western Golden-crowned Kinglet. Regulus satrapa olivaceous Baird. 1864. Frequent in woods at Hastings, Burrard Inlet, B.C., in April, 1889. Saw a few at the foot of Chilliwack Lake, B.C., July, 1901; 698 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. common at Huntinfjton, B.C., on the International Boundary in September of the same year; a common resident on Vancouver Island. {Spreadborough) Very plentiful on Vancouver Island and in British Columbia. {Lord) Very common spring and fall migrant ; a few remain to breed. {Streator.) Abundant throughout the district west of the Cascades. {Fannin.) Common winter resident, breeds on the mountains ; common through- out the winter at Lake Okanagan, B.C.; a few of these deli- cate little birds remained in Cariboo district, B.C. throughout the coldest weather. {Brooks.) I find no colour difference between the east and west of the Coast Range. {R/ioads.) Common on Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C.; an adult male was taken at Cum- shewa Inlet, June 20th, 1899. Moderately common at Cook's Inlet, Alaska. {Osgood.) Tolerably common at Glacier above Skagway, Alaska; often heard but seldom seen and hard to pro- cure; a female that I took on June loth had the last egg ready for the shell. {Bishop.) A male and female were taken at Homer, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, September 26th, 1901, and a male at Sheep Creek, on August i8th. {Chapman.) The Alaska records of this species are limited to the southeastern coast where it has been obtained at Sitka and Kadiak. {Nelson.) Common every- where, particularly in the dense fir thickets along streams at Sitka, Alaska. On June 22nd, I observed the first young. {Grimiell.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Four; two taken at Huntington, B.C., in September, 1901, and two at Victoria, Vancouver Island, April, 1893, by Mr. VV. Spread- borough. 749. Ruby-crowned Kinglet. Re^it/ns ca/endu/a {Linn.) LiCHT. 1823. One sent from Nenortalik, Greenland, in 1859. {Arct. Man.) Common in the southern portions of Labrador; Coues obtained a specimen in August at Rigolet; and Stearns shot a single specimen at Old Fort Island, October nth, 1881. {Packard.) Common at Moose Factory, June 9th, 1896. Observed at Fort George, June 20th. Common at Richmond Gulf, July ist. None seen inland. {Spreadborough.) Common at Baddeck, Cape Breton Island. {F, H. Allen) Uncommon at Halifax, N.S. {Doivns.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 699 A small flock was seen on Sable Island, N.S., on October 3rcl, 1902. {James Bouteillier.) In pine woods, Brackley Point Prince Kdward Island. July, 1888. {Macoun.) An uncommon summer resident at St. John, N.B. {Chamberlain.) A rare summer mi- grant at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {W. H. Moore.) Common at Lake Mistassmi, 1885, where it breeds. (/ M. Macoun ) Taken at York Factory, Hudson Bay. {Dr. R. Bell.) Taken at Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. {Wright.) One female seen at Fox Bay Anticosti. {Brewster.) More common than the preceding in eastern Quebec. Taken at Beauport. {Dionne.) A common but transient visitant in spring and autumn at Montreal. {Wintle.) A common migrant at Ottawa. {Ottawa Naiuralist,Vo\. V.) A common resident in autumn and winter in Parry Sound and Mus- koka districts. (/. H. Fleming.) Common during migration at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. Klngh) I saw one at Norway House, June 17th, and took a specimen on the Echimamish, June 24th It was common at Oxford House, June 30th to July 4th. One was observed as we ascended Hill River, September ist. {E A Preble) This species was observed on Mouse (Souris) River, in Septem- ber during the autumnal migration, frequenting the dense under- growth in the river bottom in company with warblers. {Coues) A tolerably common migrant in spring and autumn in Manitoba. {Thompson-Seton.) Common at Aweme, Manitoba, in spring and fall; probably breeds; arrives about April 25th, and leaves Oct. 4th. {Norman Criddle.) Only three specimens were found at Medicine Hat, Assa., in April and May, 1894; common in spruce woods from the mouth of Lesser Slave River to Peace River Landing, Lat. 56° 15', June, 1903; first seen at Edmonton, Alta. May 4th, 189;; tolerably common in the spruce woods and breeding with- out doubt; common in the spruce woods of the foothills from Edmonton to Crow's Nest Pass in July and August; quite com- mon at Banff, evidently breeding early as there were young birds inMay, 1891; a common species in April, 1890, at Revelstoke, B.C., but all seemed to be migrants; quite common on Sophie Mountain on the International Boundary, B.C., at an altitude of 4,400 feet in 1902; quite common in the early part of April, 1889 at Hastings, Burrard Inlet; shot on the mountains at Spence's Bridge, B.C., late in May, 1889; very abundant at Huntington, B.C., on the International Boundary in September, 1901; appar- "%t 700 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ently a summer resident on Vancouver Islanii, seen first on April l8th when they were in large numbers in conifers with chicka- dees; first seen at Penticton, B.C., April 13th, 1903, abundant everywhere by the 20th and remained so until May ist; common at Lake Ste. Anne, north ot Ivdmonton, and from thence along the trail to the Athabasca Pass in June, 1898; com- mon at Fernie and Klko, B.C., in May, 1904. {Spreadborough.) Very common at the south end of Methyc Portage. (/. M. MacouH.) North to Fort Resolution on the Mackenzie River ; rare. (Ross.) There is no doubt but this bird is to be met with during the summer season on the Anderson River, but we found no nests. (JMacfarlam.) Seen only east of the Coast range. {Lord) Found only in the coast region during autumnal migration. {Streator.) Abun- dant in the district west of the Coast Range. {Fnnnvi.) Common winter visitant at Chilliwack; breeds on the mountains. {Brooks.) Numerous on the coast of British Columbia in spring. Breeding in the interior. {Rhoads.) This handsome species has been secured from various portions of the territory. The various Alaokan records include Fort Yukon, Nulato, Anvik, in the north, with Sitka and Fort Kenai on the southeastern coast. {Nelson.) Specimens of this bird were obtained from F"ort Yukon, where it is common, breeding there. At Nushagak, on Bristol Bay, I saw a single specimen of this bird flitting amongst the willows which skirt the river. {Turner.) On the 23rd August, I shot one specimen and saw two others in a willow copse bordering the Kowak, a couple of miles above our winter camp. I did not see the species again until June loth, in Kowak delta, Kotzebue Sound, Alaska. {Grintiell.) Breeding Notes. — I have a beautiful nest containing eleven eggs that was taken at Dartmouth, Nova Scotia on June 1st, 1898; this nest was suspended to the branch of a black spruce tree, 20 feet from the ground; besides this one I have four others taken at the same place and all alike in structure; the nests were round balls of green moss well lined with feathers and were suspended from the branches of spruce tree? (W.Raine.) Breeding near 158- Mile House, B.C.; on the ilth June I found a nest in a small spruce not four feet high; the nest was close to the stem and about two feet from the ground ; it v.as a very deep cup, almost a vertical e i: ,^ the autumn migration, and then in the coast region. {Streator.) West of the coast region; near the coast. {Fannin.) Summer resident on mountain tops near Chilliwack. {Brooks.) On the coast of British Columbia in migrations. Probably breeds in the Coast Range and mountains of Vancouver Island. I was surprised to again meet with this species at Field, where I saw many and secured three birds. One of these in spotted nesting plumpge proves that the summer habitat of the dwarf thrush is far more extended than formerly supposed. {Rhoads.) Not uncommon at Vancouver City, Lulu Island and Sea Island, B.C., in the spring of 1894. {E. F. G. White.) Very common everywhere at Sitka, Alaska, especially on the small wooded islands; at low tide they were frequently to be seen feeding among the kelp and rock weed along the shore. (Grinnell.) Specimens of this bird are in the National Museum collection from various points along the timbered coast of southeastern Alaska, including Cook's Inlet, Sitka, Kadiak and Chugatchik Bay. {Nelson.) Rather rare on Queen Charlotte Islands. Two adult females were taken at the head of Cumshewa Inlet, and one male on Prevost Island, June, 1900. {Osgood.) Mr. Osgood seg- regates a new form out of this species to which he gives the sub- specific name verecunda. If this name holds good it will apply to all British Columbian coast records. {Macoun.) Two male birds in fresh fall plumage were taken at Hope, Cook's Inlet, August 26th and 29th respectively; these are very olivaceous on the upper parts and agree with a bird taken at Circle City, Alaska, August 18th, 1899. [The above specimejis are considered verecunda by Mr. Osgood.] Two specimens were taken at Hope and Tyonek, Cook's Inlet. Alaska. September 7th and 14th respectively. These are in fresh fall plumage and are somewhat more olivaceous than fall birds from Kadiak. {Osgood.) Mr. Osgood con : l.rr the latter true aonalaschka and cites Kadiak Island as the Vonic ot the type. {Macotm.) We heard several singing at Skagway, and Osgood took one at Haines, June 2nd, 1899. At Glacier they were tolerably common, and we secured several, but they were very shy, keeping in the thickets d'.irinp the day and singing several hours in the evening II ( al ir h CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 715 from the topmost spray of some spruce well up on the mountain side. Several thrushes' nests in small spruces six to eight feet from the grouncl were empty, for which condition the abundant red sciuirrels were probably responsible. At Lo^r Cabin ..n.l Hen- net we heard a few sn.^Mng and at Caribou Crossing, H.C (I at 00 ) Osgood took one, June 27th. {liishop) MUSKUM SPECIMKNS. Two; one taken at Hastings, B.C.. in April, 1889; and one at Victoria, Vancouver Island. April 27th, 1893, both by Mr VV Sprcadborough. ima. Audubon's Hermit Thrush. Hylociclda friUtata auduhoni (Haird) liREWSTKR. 1902. This species was not observed during the survey until the cl'ose ot the second season, when specimens were taken in the Rockv Mountains near Chief Mountain Lake, under circumstances that left no doubt of its breeding in the vicinity. {Cones.) Common summer resident in thick woods onSophie Mountain at an altitude of 4,400 feet, on the International Boundary, B.C., in 1902- in July, 1H97, this form was found in the Rockv Mountains, south of Calgary; and in August in Crow's Nest Pass; rather rare at Elko, «.C., in May, 1904. {Spreadborougli ) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. u ^ ^'^'u °r If"^'" ''* ^^^'"^0"*"'^ Alta., May 6th, 1897 ; one at Banff, Rocky Mountains, June i8th, 1891; one at Canmore, Rocky Mountains, May 28th, 1891; one at Toad Mountain, near Nelson. B.CJoly 15th, 1890; two at Cascade, B.C., July 15th, 1902, and one at KIko, B.C., May loth, 1904, all by Mr. VV. Spreadborough. 7596. Hermit Thrush. Hylocichla guttata pallasii (Cab.) Faxon & Allen. 1900 _ Observed only twice, July 4th and 24th, 1896, both times in the interior of the peninsula of Labrador; rare. iSpreadborough.\ A male taken at Chateau Bay, eastern Labrador, July 14th, 1891 {Norton.) A common visitor in Newfoundland. (J^eeks) An abundant summer resident at Halifax, N.S. (DotaNs) One individual was seen after a gale on October 23rd, 1902, on Sable island, N.S. {/ames BonteiUier.) Apparently common in woods 11 I I ■>^ ;i6 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, July, 1888; not rare on Cape Breton Island, 1898. {jl/aco/tn.) Breeds abundantly about St. John, N.B. {Chiimberlain.) Breeding abundantly at Scotch Lake, York Co., N.B. {IV H. Moore.) Observerl everywhere in the Restigouche valley, N.B. {Brittain & Cox.) Slightly more abundant than the olive-backed thrush on Prince Edward Island. {Divijf/U.) Common; breeding on most of the Magdalen Island". {Bishop.) On Anticosti and everywhere on the north shore of the St. Law- rence this is an abundant species. {Breivstcr.) Not rare at Lake Mistassini, Que. ; breeding in June, 1885. (/. M. Macoiin.) Common summer resident on Montreal Island. Breeds in the city of Montreal and in Mount Royal park. This is the most common thrush here. I'ound a nest of this thrush on i grassy bank in a small wood at St. Bruno, containing four incubated eggs, May 24th, 1885. {Wintle.) Common in certain places in eastern Quebec in summer. {Dionne.) A common summer resident around Ottawa. {Ottazva Naturalist^ Vol. V.) I heard this bird frequently on the Magdalen Islands. Have found it breeding near Lansdowne, Ont., as well as on Wolfe Island, near Kingston, Ont. {Rev. C. J. Young) A common summer resident in Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. I took a nest on May 17th, 1897, which was built among dead leaves at the base of a dead ironwood sapling and contained four eggs. (/. H. Fleming.) A passing migrant at Guelph, Ont. {A. B. KlugJi.) . A common summer resident of woodlands in Manitoba. {Tliompson-Scton.) P'irst seen at Medicine Hat, Assa., May nth, 1894, and last seen on the 15th, a rare migrant; a common sum- mer resident at Banff, Rocky Mountains in 1891; observed a few in thick woods near White Mud River, Lat. i,6'' 30', in June, 1903; first seen at Edmonton, Alta., May 3rd, 1897, last seen May lOth, all were migrants; one shot in Eagle Pass,, west of Revelstoke, B.C., May 9th, 1.890. {Spreadborough.) North to Eort Simpson on the Mackenzie River. {Ross.) Abundant at the Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan. {Nutting.) P'irst noted between Edmon- ton and Athabasca Landing, May 22nd, 1888; common between that place and Lesser Slave River; very common down the Atha- basca to Fort McMurray, Lat. 56° 40'; common up the Clearwater CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN DIRDS. --,- River and on Methye Portage and by Methye Lake to Isle Ma Crosse. {J.M. Maconn.) ^cikc co i:,ie a la I.a'^Ha'chfBc" ■:'::' rff "l''T!'^ ■" "^^ '■'^^°" -°""1 Lake ■ .a Mache, K.C., is ateeste CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. MUSHUM SPECIMENS. 7*9 Seven; tno taken at Ottawa by Dr. F. A. Saunders in April 1891; three at Ottawa in April, 1888, by the writer, and two at Toronto in May, 1886, by Mr. S. Herring. Four sets of eggs; one set of four taken in Clarke's bush, Ottawa, May 19th, 1889, by Mr. F. K. Whiteaves; one of three eggs, at Ottawa, by Mr. W. A. D. Lees; one of three eggs taken at London, Ont.. by Mr. W. E. Saunders; one set „f four eggs taken at Port Hope, Ont., April 20th, 1900, by Mr. N. H. Meeking and presented to the museum by Mr. W. Raine. 7fi7. Western Bluebird. Sia/a me.ttcam occu/e/iia/is (Towm.) RwGW. 1894. Common at Penticton, but always in pairs, breeding in holes in trees in April, 1903; only saw one specimen at Trail, but observed a number at Cascade, B.C., on the International Boundary, in 1902; observed two at Baynes Lake. May 2nd, 1904, and two in the Kootanie valley about a week later; a few observed at Lyt- ton, B.C., April 17th, 1889; in the woods at Hastings, Burrard Inlet; observed eight specimens at Chilliwack, B.C., October 24th, 1901, said to breed in the vicinity; first seen at Victoria, Van- couver Island, April 19th, 1893; found a nest near Victoiia, May 23rd, and a nest with young at Nanaimo, Julv loth. {Spread- borough.) Common on Vancouver Island and in British Columbia {Lord.) Not very common on the coast, but an abundant sum- mer resident in the interior. {Streator.) A common summer resid- ent east and west of the Coast Range; more numerous on the coast, {fanntn.) Common summer resident; remained in the Fraser valley until January. {Brooks.) Not common anywhere but less so in the district east of the Coast Range in British Co umbia where it does not reach beyond the transition zone {Rhoads.) MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Ten; one taken at Cascade, B.C., June 26th, 1902, two at Pen- ticton, B.C., m April, 1903, two at Chilliwack, B.C., October 24th 1901, one at Victoria, Vancouver Island, Mav 5th, 1893; two at Baynes Lake, B.C., May 2nd, 1904 and one at Elko, May 13th 1904, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough. 730 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 768. Mountain Bluebird. SiaHa araicus SwAWS. 1831. On October loth, 1898, 1 received a fine male mountain bluebird from E. H. Patterson of Brandon, Man. It had been collected two days before about two miles west of that city, and was in com- pany with another individual of the same species. (George E. Atkinson.) A few individuals of this species were observed in the Rocky Mountains at Chief Mountain Lake, but no specimens were preserved. {Coues.) Tolerably common summer resident at Aweme, Manitoba. It breeds in the more hilly country; arrives about May 7th and leaves about October 15th. \{Norman Criddle.) First seen at Medicine Hat, Assa., April 6th, 1894, after that a few were seen every day until May 9th, when the last one disap- peared, they appeared to follow along the scattered timber in the valley of the South Saskatchewan as they passed to the north; a pair were found breeding June 15th, 1895, ^^ Medicine Lodge, south of Wood Mountain, Assa., and another pair in a clay bank along Frenchman's River at Stony Creek Crossing; they were also breeding in numbers along Milk River, especially at Castel- lated Rocks in July, 1895; observed a few about the end of July, 1903, at Dunvegan, Peace River; observed nesting at Lacombe, near Edmonton, Alta., June i8th, 1897 ; common at Calgary and southward in the foothills to Crow's Nest Pass ; common from the upper crossing of the Lob-stick River to Camp River, B.C., west of the Athabasca Pass; also seen in large flocks at the Henry House, Athabasca Pass, September 2nd, 1898; last seen Septem- ber 25th ; quite common and breeding early at Banff, Rocky Mountains, it built its nest chiefly under the eaves of houses at Banff; shot at Revelstoke, B.C., April loth, 1890; quite common along the mountain slopes ; breeding in Eagle Pass near Revels- toke in May, 1890; numbers of young birds were seen in the trees along Pass Creek at Robson, B.C., June 20th, 1890, the birds had nested in the cliffs about 700 feet above the water; common on the International Boundary between Trail and Cascade, B.C., breeding in holes in houses and trees ; abundant at Penticton, south of Lake Okanagan, B.C., in April, 1903 ; they were in flocks of from ten to fifty ; abundant in open places around Fernie and Elko, B.C., in April and May, 1904. [Spreadborongh.) Local and not uncommon and breeding in suitable places at ^nt m> CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. yji Prince Albert Sask. (Coudeau,^.) Only one specimen of this beautiful bird was shot at Fort Franklin in July, 1825 It is merely a summer visitor to the Northwest Territories. (Rtckard- Tn • .r" ""^^'' '" ^^^ Canadian Pacific storeroom at Donald B.C.. m May 1894. (E. F. G. White.) Seen only east of the Coasi Kange. {Lord.) I found one or two pairs of this species breeding m the mountains at Ashcroft. B.C. {Streator.) A summer resident east of the Coast Range. (Fanm».) Common in migration at Chilli- wack. (Brooks.) Abundant in northern and western interior portions of British Columbia. (Rkoads.) This species is recorded by Hartlaub from Dejah, southeastern Alaska, April 20th and 21st ; as It was seen on these two days only and at this point it cannot be at all common in the territory. (Nelson.) Breeding NoTES.-Found nesting in a hole in a clay butte at Medicine Lodge, south of Wood Mountain, June 14th, 1895 The nest was wholly composed of the outer bark of the old stems of Bts^e/ovm graveolens. a composite plant that grew in profusion near the site of the nest. It contained seven light blue eggs Another nest taken under the same conditions along Frenchman's River, Assa., on June 21st, was built of the outer bark of saee brush (Artemisia carui) and contained the same number of e Js (Macoun.) ^^ ■ MUSEUM SPECIMENS. Thirty; four taken at Medicine Hat, Assa., in April, 1894; two at Canmore, Rocky Mountains, May 29th. 1891; seven at Banff, Rocky Mountains, in April, 1891; six at Revelstoke, B.C April 1890; one at Trail, B.C., June 2nd. 1902 ; four at Penticton, B C ', April, 1903; three at Spence's Bridge.B.C, June,i889 ; three at ternie, B.C., April, 1904, all by Mr. W. Spreadborough One set of seven eggs taken along Frenchman's River, Assa June 2ist, 1895, by the writer. '"I ADDENDUM. The notes on and references to the species included in the first two parts of this Catalogue are so voluminous that it is impossible to include them in the present part and a complete addendum will, it is hoped, be published in the near future. The few addi- tions which follow have, however, been thought of sufficient importance to publish at once. 38. Long-tailedJaeger. On October 8th, 1902, Captain Fellows, an English gentleman, while shooting in the Clandeboye marsh, Man.> procured a young specimen of this species, and later in the same year the " Free Press " newspaper announced the capture of another in the territories. {George E. Atkinson.) 154. Long-tailed Duck. , On October 19th, 1899, the only specimen of this species I have heard recorded for Manitoba, was collected at Whitehead Lake, southern Manitoba, by Mr. H. W. O. Boger, of Brandon. {George E. Atkinson.) 170. Ross's Snowy Goose. On September 20th, 1902, a specimen of this bird was taken by a young lad named F. Marwood, and later the mutilated skin fell into my hands. I subsequently heard that in 1901 two other specimens had been taken. {George E. Atkinson^ -262. Buff-breasted Sandpiper. I doubted the correctness of this species breeding at Dunnville, Ont., as mentioned by Mr. Mclhvraith in his "Birds of Ontario." This doubt I expressed in Part I, page 108. Some correspondence ensued and Mr. W. E. Saunders, of London, Ont., at the request of Dr. McCallum, examined the specimen and found that the bird referred as above was really Wilson's phalarope. This species is just as rare as the other, and the fact of its breeding at the mouth of the Grand River is of great interest to bird lovers. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 733 378. Burrowing Owl. On June 2nd, 1897, I received a pair of burrowing owls which were collected about five miles north of Portage la Prairie Man on May gt 1902, a specimen taken near Grant's Lake n;rVh of Rosser, and last spnng. May, 1903, another specimen rom nea he same locality and one from Portage la Prairie were received 529a. Pale Goldfinch. We have three specimens of this form which have been referred to the American goldfinch, and the willow goldfinch respectively These were taken at Indian Head, Assa., and at 12-Mile Lake near Wood Mountain, Assa.. and at Cascade, B.C. The occur ractlv'UhVTV' ^^^^.^'l^'y -P--ted points coincides" Boundary! ^ ' distribution of it along the Canadian 549-1. Nelson's Sparrow. On page 473 mention is made of the occurrence of Leconte's sparrow at Edmonton and Peace River Landing. The specimens taken on these occasions have been submitted to Mr. Oberholser and they prove to be Nelson's sparrow. It is hoped that observers will now attempt to determine the limits of distribution of these two forms north of the Canadian prairie region HI IISTDEX. PAOK. Acadian Sharp-tailed Finch 475 Acanthis 435 homemannii 435 horneinannii exilipes 435 linaria ' ' ' 43^ linaria holbcellii 440 linaria rostrata 441 Aucipiter 224 atricapillus 227 atricapillus striatulus ] 229 cooperi 226 ,^,!j?x 224 Actitis jgQ mucularia _ jgo •^chniophorus 1 occidentalis ' i ^g'alitia '.'.'■ .'.■.■.■.■ 188 «i>^».a-; 190 hiaticula \qq meloda " jqq meloda circiimcincta 191 mongola " " 193 montana " 193 nivosa 192 seniipalmata 189 vocifera ' jgg wiisonia ' J93 ^strelata 62 fisheri ' ' ] g2 liasitata * 52 Agelaius .' 39(j phoeDiceus cauriniis 399 phceniceue fortia , . 399 phoeniceus neiitralis 400 phoeniceus pli iiiceus 3% Aix , :.; 86 sponsa gg Alaska Hermit Thrush .......... 713 Alaskan Barn Swallow .'.'.'.' 545 Jay 379 Iiongspur 4,53 Pine Grosbeak 419 Three-toed Woodpecker 308 Yellow Warbler 597 Alauda ' ' '' 3gQ arvensis ....'.' 360 Alaudidae 350 Albatross, Black-footed ...... . . . ^s Short-tailed ,58 Yellow-nosed .' 59 Albatrosses 5a AIca !!..'.! 25 torda 25 Alcedlnidaj " ' 294 Alcidee ,„ Alder Flycatcher . . .' .' .' .' .' .' .' .' ' ' ' ' ' 334 Aleutian Leucostiote 432 Sandpiper 157 Song Sparrow 512 Tern \. Wren ""art Aiie ::::: %^ alle .■.■.■.■.■.■.■.■;; 27 Allen's Humming-bird 335 Ptarmigan '/ 2O6 Allied Shearwater . ni Alma's Thrush .".;.■ 7J3 Alpine Three-toed Woodpecker " ' 309 American Avocet 149 Barn Owl 263 Bittern _' j 07 Coot 144 Crossbill ' ' ' 42g Crow ......'. 385 Dipper g-g Eared Grebe 5 Egret ]"' J32 Elder " jq^ Golden-eye " 95 Golden Plover 186 Goldfinch 442 Goshawk 007 Hawk Owl .■.'.■.'.■.■ 284 Herring Gull 39 Lon^-eared Owl 263 ^f'^'-l'^e .'.".'.■.■.■.■ 370 Merganser 7} ^«i';:«y • • • • • .■.■.■.■.■.::.■.■.■.■ 201 Oyster-catcher i q= Pipit 652 Redstart ' C47 Robin "IS Rough legged Hawk 239 Scaup Dnck gg Scoter ' ' ' 1 QQ Sparrow Hawk ........' 259 Tlireetoed Woodpecker! 307 Vulture ■ ] 219 White-fronted Goose. ..... iig White Pelican gg 11''^^''", .".■.■.■.■.■ 80 V.'oodcock jgQ Ammodramus .'!!..!. 472 henslowii 472 leconteii ■■........ 472 nelsoni .' 474 nelsoni subvirgatas. . " ■ • ■ Ampelidie '.'.".['.'.. 556 INDEX. PAOE. Ampelis 556 ce! 17 ot, American 149 et^ 149 •thya 88 affinis 92 amerieana 88 coUaria 94 marila 90 vallistieria 89 Baird's Sandpiper I6I Sparrow 470 Bald Eagle 245 Baldpate 80 Baltimore Oriole 403 Band-tailed Pigeon 215 Bank Swallow 551 Barn Owl 263 Swallow 542 Barnacle Gooae 123 Barred Owl 268 Barrow'a Golden-eye 96 Bartramia 177 longicauda 177 Bartramian Sandpiper 177 Batchelder'a Woodpecker 303 Bay- breasted Warbler 612 Bean Gooae 118 Belted Kingfisher 294 Piping Plover 191 Bewick's Wren 666 ^' Ivnell's ThruFh 709 •ig Black-head 90 Bird, Cherry 560 Mocking 660 Oven 625 Red-billed Tropic 64 Surf 193 Yellow-billed Tropic 64 Bird, Man o' War 70 Birds, Diving 1 Gallinaceous 197 Man-o'War 70 of Prey 219 Perching 336 Shore. I 145 Tropic 64 Bittern, American 127 Cory's Least 129 INDEX. Ill PAGE. . 606 . 26 . 18 . 27 . 25 . 13 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 16 . 16 . 17 . 149 , 149 88 92 88 94 90 89 161 470 245 80 403 215 551 263 542 123 268 96 177 177 177 303 612 118 294 191 666 709 90 560 660 • 625 64 193 64 70 1 197 70 219 336 145 64 127 129 PAOE. ^.Jl««'«» 128 Bitterns ]27 Black and V\ hite Warbler. '. . . . . . 580 Black-bellied Plover " 1^5 Black billed Cuckoo 292 Blackbird, Brewer's 409 Red-winged '.'.'.'.'.'.'. 396 ^"«.V- ■•.•••• 406 W nite-winged ,533 Yellow-heivded . . . . . 394 Blackbirds ' 391 Black Brant 122 Blackburnian Warbler (J18 Black-capped Petrel .......... flo Black-chinned Humming bird. . . '. 333 Black-crowned Night Heron 1 34 Black Duck 7(5 Black-footed Albatross . ........ 58 Black Guillemot 20 Gyrfalcon 251 Black-head, Big 90 Black-headed Grosbeak , . . . 5.30 Jay .'."'■ 375 Black Merlin 257 Oyster-catcher ' Jgij Black-poll Warbler , . . . . . ." 615 Black Rail " J42 Skimmer 57 Swift 329 Black-tailed God wit 170 Black Tern 55 Black-throated Blue Warbler! '. '. '. 598 Gray Warbler 619 Green Warbler 619 Loon ' |() Black Turnstone . . ] 195 Black-vented Shearwater . . . . . [ . 61 Black Vulture 221 Blue-bill 92 Bluebird '.'!.'.'.'. 727 Mountain 730 Western _ 729 Blue Goose j j g Blue-gray Gnatcatcher ..... 701 Blue Grosbeak 535 Bhie-headed Vireo 577 Blue Jay .372 Blue-throat, Red-spotted. . ...... 724 Blue-winged Teal ^2 Bobolink .391 Bob-white '.'.... 197 Bohemian Waxwing 556 Bonaparte's Gull .... 45 Bonasa " ' ' " 20I umbellus 201 umbellus sabini 204 umbellus tpgata '. 202 umbellus umbelloides 203 Botaurus ' ' 227 lentiginosus 127 211/2 122 122 118 122 118 PAOK Brachyramphus 19 kittlitzii 19 marmoratus '.'.'.'..'. 19 Brandt's Cormorant «7 Brant ' Black '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.".'. Branta .....['. bernicla '.'.'.'.'. canadensis canadensis hutchinsii. ........ i20 canadensis minima 121 canadensis occidentalis . .. . 120 leucopsis 123 nigricans .'. . 122 Brewer's Blackbird. .... . . . . .'..' 409 Sparrow 497 Bristle- thighed Curlew. ........ 184 Broad-winged Hawk 037 Bronzed Grackle 411 Brown Creeper 678 Pelican .'.'.'.' 69 Thrasher '.' . 66.3 Briinnich's Murre -^jj Bubo. -lie virginianus 276 virginianus arcticus 280 virginianus pallescens ......... 278 virginianus saturatus 281 Bubonidie ' " 233 Butlytes ■.......'.'.'.'. 652 flavHs leucostriatus 6.52 Buff-breasted Sandpiper 179, 7.32 Buffle-head 97 Buffon's Skua ] 29 Bullfinch, Cassin's. .......'. 421 Bullock's Oriole " . . . . 405 Bulweria go bulweri 62 Bulmer's Petrel 62 Bunting, Indigo 531 f'^''^-. '''.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 5.33 Lazuli 532 Burgomaster 33 Burrowing Owl '.'.'...'.'. '.'.'JSS, 733 ^•'f'^-t't 695 Biiteo 230 borealis '.'.'.... 230 borealis calurus " 231 lineatus 232 lineatus elegans [[ 2.33 platj'pterus 237 swainsoni 234 Buzzard, Swainson's 234 Turkey '.'.'.'.'.'.'. 219 Cabanis's Woodpecker 301 Cabot's Tern 49 Cackling Goose 121 Calamoepiza .'. 533 melanocorys 500 IV INDEX. PAOE. Calaveras Warbler 584 CaluuriuB 451 lappouiciis 4ril litpponiuus alasuensi^ 458 ornatus 450 pictus 455 Calidris. 167 arenuria • 167 California Brown Pelican 7airdii 470 Ceophlujus . 313 pileatus abieticola 313 Cepphus 20 uohuuba 21 grylle 20 mandtii 21 Cerorhinca 16 monocerata 16 Certhin 678 fainiliaris americana 678 familiaris montana 679 familiaria occidentalis 679 Certhiidii- 678 Cerulean Warbler 609 Ceryle 294 alcyon 294 Chietura 329 pelugica 329 vauxii 331 Charadriidiu 185 Charadrius 185 apricariua 186 doniinicus 186 doniinicus fulvus 187 sijuatarola 185 Charitonetta 97 allieola 97 Chat, Long-tailed 641 Yellow-breasted 640 Chaulelasmus 78 strepera 78 Chen 113 crerulescens 115 hyperborea 113 hyperborea nivalis 114 roBsii 115 Cherry Bird 560 Che.stnut-backed Chickadee 694 Chestnut-collared Longspur 456 Chestnut-sided Warbler 610 Chickadee 685 Chestnut-backed 694 Columbian 693 Hudsonian 691 Kowak 693 Long-tailed 687 Mountain 690 Oregon 689 Siberian 690 Yukon 694 Chicken, Mother Carey's 62 Chimney Swift 329 Chipping Sparrow 491 Chondestes 476 grammacus 476. granmiacus strigatus 477 Chordeiles 325 INDKX. 213 470 470 .Sl» 313 '20 21 20 21 16 l« ()78 «78 679 679 678 609 294 294 329 329 331 185 185 186 186 187 185 97 97 641 640 78 78 113 115 113 114 115 560 694 456 610 685 694 693 691 693 687 690 689 690 694 62 329 491 476 476. 477 325 I'ADK. vii'giiiiiiiuid 325 viiyininmis liemyi 328 vir^iniaims sonnotti 328 Cinclidii' 058 •■•iiK'luH ()r,s incxiciuiuH ((^H Cinminion Solitary Sandpiper.. . 175 Teal S3 Circus 0.22 hudsor.ius '222 Cislotiirirus ((74 stoUaris (J74 Clangiila 9;-) clungiila uinericaim !)5 iiilandiua 9(| Clarke's Nutorakor 3S9 Clay-coloured Sparrow 494 Cli If Swallow r,;{j) Coccyges '_ 290 Coccy/us 290 ameriuanus 2!M) amerieanus occidentalia 29! crytiiroplillialnius 292 Colaptes 3)s auratua luteua 3 lis cafer oollaris 321 eafer satunitior 322 Colinus 107 virgiiiianus 197 Columba 215 fasciata 215 Coluiiilia' 215 Columbian Ciiickadee 693 Sharp-tailed (Jrouse 212 Colu!id)i(ln' 215 Colynibus 2 Huritug 4 holbo'lii 2 nigricoUis oalifornicus 5 Common (Juilleniot 22 Skua 27 Tern 50 Compsotiily pis 592 aniericana nsnea 592 Counectieut Warbler 033 Contopus 34(j borealis 34(j richardsoiiii 349 virens 34^ Cooper's Haw k 226 Coot, American 144 European 1 44 ^Sea Ill Coots I3S Cormorant, Hrandt's 67 Double-crested (j(j Pelagic 67 Red-faced 68 SinBle-ercsted (55 Violet green (37 PA(IK. Wliite-orcitcd lift Cormorants (j;-, ('orn ('rake 142 Corvidii' 370 Corvus [[[[ 3S2 amerieanus 3S5 eaurinuH 3^0 ^ eorav |)rincij)alis 382 Cory's Least Hittern 129 Coturni(!ulu8 471 savannarum bimaculutus 471 savannarum passerinus 47 1 Clowbird 392 Crake, Corn 142 Spottooiii 00(1 bluckburniie fll8 ciiTuleBceDB 598 castanea 012 coronata flOO coronata hooveri 604 discolor 625 kirtlantli 022 maculosa (K>7 niKrescens 619 occidentalig 622 palniarum 623 palmaruin hypochrysea 624 peneylvanica 610 rara 609 striata 615 tigrina 593 towngendi 621 vigorsii 623 virens 619 Desert Horned Lark 367 Sparrow Hawk 260 Dickcissel 532 Diomedea 58 albatrus 58 nigripes 58 Diouiedeidie 58 Dipper, American 658 Dippers 658 Diver, Great Northern 8 Diving Birds I Dolichonyx 391 oryzivorus 391 Double-crested Cormorant 66 Dove, Mourning 217 Do vekie 27 Dowitcher 153 Long-billed 154 Downy Woodpecker 301 Dryobates 297 pnbescens gairdneri ;i03 pubescens homorous 303 PAOK. pul>egccng •nodinnut ,S01 pulwHcens nelsoni 304 villosua !....... 297 villoius harrisii ..." soo villoauB hyloBcopuH 301 villoBUB luuconiolas 297 villoBUB picoidcus sol Duck, American Scaup 90 Hlack 1 . 76 Canvas-back 80 (Jrev 78 Hark- i]uin loO Hawk I. , 253 Labrador 102 Lesser Scaup 92 Longtailod 98, 732 I'ieif 102 Ring-necked 94 Rn«lily 112 Spirit 97 Steller's 102 Wood 86 Ducks 71 Dunlin 163 Dusky (irouBe 198 Horned Lark 368 Horned Owl 281 Eaole, Bald 245 Ciolden 243 Gray Sea 245 Eagles 221 Ectopistes 215 inigratoriuB 215 Egret, American 132 Bolder, American 104 (•reenhind 104 King 106 Northern 104 Pacific 105 Spectacled 103 Elanoidea 221 forficatus 221 Emperor Goose 123 Empidonax .3,50 difficilis 352 flaviventris 3,50 hammondi 358 minimus .365 traillii ;i63 traillii alnoruin 354 wrightii 359 Eniconetta 102 stelleri 102 Ereunetes 165 occidentalis 166 pusillus 165 Erismatura 112 jamaicensis. ... 112 Eskimo Curlew 183 INDEX. VII PAOK. Kuropoan Blue Heron i;V2 Coot 144 HurriiiK (Jull UM OyHtor-catcliur HMJ Snipe IT)! Teal HI W'heatear TUr) NViilueoii 70 \Voo pyjjnui'us 10^ Evuiung (iroghunk 415 EvortnanuH I'tariuigan 2()H Falco 248 L'oluinbarius USft coluinbariuB Buokloyi '2ft7 iBlaiiduH 248 niorillua '258 inexicanuH '2!i'2 p('regriiiU8 anatuin 253 perugriniiH nualei 255 riuhardMonii 257 • I'UiitiuohiH 240 rutiticoliiH jjvi'faico 240 ruslicolui obgoletiiH 251 sparverius 250 Bparverius deserticoluti 260 tinuuiieiiluB 260 Falcon, Peale's 256 Prairie 262 FaloonidiL' 221 Falcons 221 Ferruj{inou8 Uough-loggud Hawk. 241 Field Sparrow 407 Finch, Acadian Sharp-tailed 475 C^alifornia Purple 424 CaBsin's Purple ... 425 Purple 421 FinuheH 415 Fisher's Petrel «2 Flicker, Hybrid 322 Northern 318 Northwestern 322 Red Bhafted 321 Florida Gallinule 148 Flycatcher, Alder 354 Created 342 Hammond's ,358 Least 365 Olive-sided ,S46 Scissor- i;ailed ,336 Traill's 353 Western ,3,52 Wright's 350 Yellow-bellied 350 Flycatchers, Tyrant 336 Forbush's Sparrow 514 Fork-tailed Gull 47 Petrel 62 I'AdK. ForHtcr's Tern 40 Fox Siiarrow 617 Franklin's (irouso 201 Rosy (lull 44 Fratervula 14 iirctica 14 arctica uhiuialis 14 cornictilata Ifl Fregata , 70 a(|nila 70 Frogatidii' 70 Fringillidii'.' 4|5 Fulica 144 ainericana 144 atra 144 Fulmar 60 I^esser 59 PaciHo 69 Rodger's 60 Fulmars 59 FulnuiruB 59 glacialis 69 glacialis glupischa 60 glacialis minor 59 glacialis rodgersii 60 Oaowkm. 78 (iairdner's Woodpecker ,303 (jaleoscoptes 661 caroliensis 661 (iallinaceous Birds 1))7 (iallinib 107 aallinago 151 delicattt , 151 gallinago 151 nuijor , . . 15? (tallinula I4& ualeata 1 4,3 (iailinule, Florida 143 Purple 142 Gallinule 1,38 (iamlMil'B iirrow 480 (iannet 65 Gannet.s 66 (Javia 8 adamsii 10 arcticuB 10 iml)er 8 lunime 12 pacificus 11 Gaviidii' , 8 Geese 71 (Jelochelidon 48 nilotica 48 Geothlypis 6.33 agilifl 6.33 formosa 633 Philadelphia 634 tolmiei 636 trichas arizela 640 viii INDEX. fAOK. triuhuR *irauhidaotylii fl37 (iliuioidiiiin tj^D K""'"" .'..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. '2m Kiioiim I'ftlifoniiiMiin •_>,si) (iUut'oiiN (iiill 'nn Oliuicoua-wiiij^oil (iull , Jirt (Jloasy Il)ia _' |oj| (•nittciUi'lmr, Itltio-groy 7()| (lOillHlK-kuini ;ji23 Uo.lwit, Itlaok-tuilo.l. ..!!!.!!.' I7() HiiilMoniuii I JO Marlilml •..!!.... |t|l) l'i"'»Hi! .'.'"" It))) (Joltlen Kaglo 5j(;j IMovur '" ' \f^^^ (ioldon crowiioil Kinglet ii(Ml simrrow ;;; ^^:^ I hriiali (j.jrt ( Joldeii-cyc, Aincriuiin j)5 Harrow's ^m ( ioldenwiiigeil Waiblor. ...!..., fl82 lioliltinuh 441 Aiiioriuai). ' ' jio ale 444, 7;j3 Willow ' 444 fldosniiiler ' y | Uooso. Amoriouii Wliitcfioiiletl.! 110 Huiiiaclo 1 23 Heaii " ' J j(^ '<'"" !...'.'."."..'.'.'.'.' iir, ^"'^^kling 121 I uimda 1 1 fj Kmperor 1 23 (iix'utor Snow 114 Hutciiin's 1 2() Laughing '.'..'.'.'.'..'. |T(J Lessor Snow ] 1 3 Ross's Snowy I lA T'{'> Solan (jrj White-cheeked joo White-fronted ." ] j ni Goshaw k, American 227 Western 229 Grackle, Bionzod ,,, 411 (irasshopper Sparrow 471 Gray (.^mada Jay 3S2 ( Jyrfaloon <>4g K''>g-l>''-'l '..'.'.'.'. 340 Kutfed (! rouse 203 SeaKagle. \[[[ 245 Grey-cheeked Thrusli 707 Gray-crowned Leucosticte 433 Great Auk [ 2fi Black-backed Gull , [ , 37 Blue Heron 130 ^•"^y Vn'i •■•••■..'.'.■.■ 2({9 Horned Owl 276 Northern Diver ., , ^ Greater Redpoll " _ 441 Shearwater ; CO ••^nipc ,^., Snow ( ioiMe 114 Yellow logs 171 Grebe, Aiimrican KarudV. A Hoiiwirs ;;•;;• ._; Miinied T I'ied billed '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.[' (i Ht'd necked .!!!!!!!! 2 NN'estern ! ! ! ! I Grebes 1 Green Heron i .."!!!! ! 133 Sandpiper !.!!!! I'i^ Greeidand Kider KH , Hi-dpoll '.'.'.".'.'.'.'. 43ft (.reenwingod Te»l h| Grey-bnok ' " | ^■^p, < >roy Duck ...,.'. 78 (Jroy-honded Auk '.'.'..'. |h ( Jrinnell's Witter 'I'hrusii ....'..'"! (13(t OrnslMiik, .Maskiui I'ino 4||) Itluek-heiided . . , \m "•"«-. '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. Ml Kvonnig 4|,-, Kadiak I'ine 4"| '■'"" '..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 4U\ Korky Mountain I'ine 4is Rose-breasted ,'■,0- Western Kvening , , . . 4^1 "•;'^"'"'', '*•'. Il»7 C anada 200 Canadian KuiFed 202 ("olunibiiui Sharp-tailed. .. 21'' ''""''.V- '.'. \m I'rauklin s 20I < > rey Rufled 203 I^ul)rador Spruce 20(l Oregon Ruffed 204 Pinnated ' " 210 Prairie Siiarp-tailed 2)3 I'icliardson's ij))) Ruffed [ 201 f'^iigo . . . 213 Sharptaileil 2IO ^, *^'.",'«.v ;.;:;.■; ioh Gruidii' ijjr, (irus ' ' l;^); anicricana J35 canadensis |3j-, niexicana i3(j Guillemot, Black 20 ('alifornian 23 Common 00 Hornetl-billeci 7(^ Mandt's 21 Pigeon ."1 Thick billed '.'.'/, Z-.i Western >>\ Western Thick-billed.. .!..."."" 25 Gniraca 53 1 caTuIea {-,31 INDKX. I'MIK. . . IM . IN . 171 ft •• 4 U 2 I I . \X\ . 17.5 . I(>4 . i'M . Ml . I.V) . 78 . IH . ():<() . 4111 . .V«) . Ml . 4ir> . 41.' I . 4111 , 4IS 4KI HIT 21-.' IIIN 201 2<»:t 2(Hi 20 1 210 2i;{ l!MI 201 2i:t 210 HIS l.T) l.'C) I.T) l.-t.-) I.'ili 20 23 22 To 21 21 •S.i 21 25 r)31 .Wl „ IMOK. ,'!",'";i""'.t"''" '.'.'.'.'.'.'.[ 4rt t "liforniii ^1 CiiiuiitHtivihul !!!!!!.. 411 KuiDptmii lliiiiinu •!« 'Ollt tlllloil ^- I'Vaiikliu'ii Rosy .'.'.,....,, 44 fillllll'OIIN ' ii>> (iiiiiuouN wiiigd,!, .!!i[" [[" •^)^ 'iri'iit nimk liuckt'il . . , , lliMM'iimiiii'M '[ Il'tlllUul IvKiy ...'.".'..'.'.'.' Kitliwiiko '.'.'.'. Ku'IiIJi'Ii'n Uaiiuliing Littio Mew '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.. Nt'lMdu'd 37 4.'i .•ift no .'11 311 43 40 43 37 I'oiiit HiiTow (JUiic.iiH.! -u HiiiKi.iiM ;■;; 'l^ llimn'n ' ' J , >Siil)iiu)'M ,- NjKiit i.iiiu.i. '..'.'!!!! '^■■;""" 4.', '^il'OlilUl _ ..y Nli4tyl>acko(i '. '^j^ Xf«» '.':::'" \\ UHttTIl W'.'mUth ( J III iieous ,..,.. •u WliiU)-lifii(li.,l ".'.'" \Vliit(i.\viii(^,.i|. 248 ft27 ft27 Hai.h luilovioiuim in(ilaiii>ci'|)lmla .'.,',', i^JJ/, H»'iimto|)()JuiliiH alascunu.s 04'r, Haminoii.l'H Klycatuher... " .r,s Hai-olda ' ' ' jw liyt-'inaliH jju Har!u.,uini)„ck...".::;;:;::.;;; hk* Harridr, MhimIi o.>„ HttiTis'N Sparrow 4-7 \Voodpo..kt.r '.'.'.'.'.'.'.[ 300 «awk, Ainericaii Hough. logged .vjj) Aiuurioan Sparrow •)-,)) IJroad-wiiiged ' ^'n ('» 2;i;i 2;i2 2;«» L'3t» '«l 43 (( NiilitiiriiiH . . Molitiii H'lim, lllack crowiuiil Kiiriipcaii llhii! 44("I 73 Ml OwLs. 2(i3 INDEX. PAGE. Puffin ITi Horned-billed Guillemot 16 House Sparrow 4'25 Wren 6tt7 Hudsonian Chickadee (591 Curlew 182 Oodwit 170 Humming-bird, Allen's 333 Black-chinned 333 Calliope 335 Ruby-throated 331 Rufous 333 Humming-birds 331 Hutchiu's Goose l'2t) Hybrid Flicker 322 Hydrochelidon 55 leucoptera 57 nigra surinaniensis 55 Hylocichla 704 ulicite 707 aliciie bicknelli 709 f uscescens 704 f uacescens salicicola 706 guttata 713 guttata auduboni 715 guttata pallasii 715 mustelina 704 ustulata 709 ustulata almi« 713 ustulata swainsoni 710 Ibidid.« 126 Ibis. Glossy 126 White-faced Glossy 127 Ibises 126 Iceland Gull 35 Icteria 640 virens 640 vireus longicauda 641 Icteridaj 391 Icterus 402 bullockii 405 galbula 403 spurius 402 Indigo fiunting 531 lonornis 142 martinica 142 Ipswich Sparrow 464 Ivory Gull 30 Ixoreus. 723 nievius 723 noevius meruloides 724 Jack-snipe 159 Jaeger, Long-tailed 29, 732 Parasitic 29 Pomarine 28 Jaegers 27 Jay, Alaskan 379 Black-headed 375 PAGE. Blue 372 Canada 376 (Jray Canada 382 Labrador 381 Oregon 381 Pinon 390 Queen Charlotte 376 Rocky Mountain 378 Steller's 374 Jays 370 Junco, Montana 505 Oregon 503 ShuTcldt's 504 Slate- coloured 499 Junco 499 iiyemalis 499 montanus 505 oregonus 503 oregonus shufeldti 504 Kadiak Fox Sparrow 520 Leucosticte 433 Pine Grosbeak 421 Song Sparrow 512 Kamchatkan Cuckoo 294 Kenai Song Sparrow 51 1 Kennicott's Screech Owl 275 Willow Warbler 696 Kentucky Warbler 633 Kestrel 259 Killdeer Plover 188 King Eider 106 Rail 138 King-bird 337 Arkansas 340 Gray 340 Kingfisher, Belted 294 Kingfishers 290, 294 Kinglet, Golden-crowned 696 Rul>y-crowned 698 Sitkan 701 Western Golden-crowned 696 Kinglets 695 Kirtland's Warbler 622 Kite, Swallow-tailed 221 Kittiwake Gull 31 Pacific 32 Red-legged 32 Kittlitz's Murrelet 19 Knot 155 Kowak Chickadee 693 Kumlien's (iull 36 Labrador Duck 102 Jay 381 Savanna Sparrow 470 Spruce Grouse 200 Lagopus 205 evernianni 208 lagopus 205 (I INDEX. xi ^ . r)20 . 433 . 421 . 512 . 294 . 511 . 275 . (595 . 633 . 259 . 188 . 106 . 138 . 337 . 340 . 340 . 294 3,294 . 696 . 698 . 701 . 696 . 695 . 622 . 221 . 31 . 32 . 32 . 19 . 155 . 693 . 36 . 102 . . 381 , . 470 . . 200 .. 205 . . 208 . . 205 I'ACiK. Iiigopus alleni 206 leiiuurus 209 rupestris. , [[ 206 rupestris atkheiisis 208 rupestris nelsoui 208 nipestris reinlmnii , 207 rupestris townsendii ', 208 weluhi 209 Lninellirostral Swiininers 7i Laniidiu ' ' ' ' ^pjjj-j L*"«"8- '...'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. m uorealis 5U3 ludovioianus oxcubitorides 569 ludovicianus gainhcli 569 ludovioianus migrans 566 Lapland Longepur 45[ Lapp Owl 271 Lapwinff '' 155 Large-billed Puffin.. ...........'. 14 Laiidie ' ' ' ' jj^ Lark Bunting _ 533 Desert Horned '..."" ^(yj Dusky Horned ] . . . 368 Horned ] * 3(}q Meadow " ' 400 Pallid Horned. .:........ . . .' . ;^(J2 Prairie Horned '/, 354 Sparrow ' ' 4^(5 Streaked Horneij ,[ 3(J8 Western Meadow 401 ^'"■''8 ;: 360 Larus 33 affinis /'[ 3j( argentatus 38 argentatus smithsonianus ..... 39 atricilla 43 barrovianus 34 brachyrhynohus 42 oulifornicus [[ 41 canus " " 43 delawarensis [[] 41 f ranklinii 44 glaucescens [ 35 gluucus ' _' 33 heerinanni [] 43 kuinlieiii ....'. .36 leucopterus ' ,;r, niarinus 37 niinutus 4(5 nelsoni _ ' ' 37 occidentalis ' 3^ Philadelphia 45 schistisagus 3^ , ^«K*'-. ;..■.■;;.■; 41 Laughing (ioose ^ i ig Gull. , ,. „ 43 Ijazuli Bunting 532 Leach's PetreL ., . . 03 Least Auklet 18 Bittern " 128 I'AOK. Flycatcher 35 j •Sandpiper |(J2 - 'I'"'""-, '.'.'.'. 55 Ijeconte 8 Sparrow 472 Lesser Fulmar ] 59 Scaup Duck 92 Snow ( Joose 113 Yellow-legs 172 Leucosticte, Aleutian 432 (Jraycrowned 433 Hepburn's 434 , Kadiak '.'.'.'.'.'.'. 43» Leucosticte 432 griseonucha 432 Kadiaka 433 tephrocotis 433 tepiiroootis littoialis 434 Lewis's Woodpecker 317 Lirniooliu 145 Liniosa mo fedoa I (59 ha'mastica 1 70 lapponica baueri |)(9 limosa J7() Lincoln's Sparrow 512 Little Auk ',,'/, 27 Blue Heron 133 Brown CJrane 135 Gull 4(j Ring Plover 190 Long-billed Curlew igi Dowitoher 154 Marsh Wren 674 Longipennes 27 Longspur, Alaskan 453 Chestnut-collared 456 I^apland 451 McCown's 459 Smith's " 465 Long-tailed Chat 641 Chickadee (J87 J>ck ■,.'.98. 732 , Jaeger 29, 732 Long-toed Stint |fl3 Long-winged Swimmers 27 Loon 8 Black-throated ](> Pacific 11 Red-throated 12 Yellow-billed 10 Lophody tes 73 cuculfatus 73 Lophortyx 107 calif ornicus 197 Louisiana Tanager 534 Water-Thrush (132 I-o^'tt-. .'.'.'.'.'." 426 curvirostra minor 426 k'ucoptera 428 Lunda . \ 13 , ^ xu INDEX. rAUE. cirrlmta 13 Lutesccnt Warbler 587 Maokaulane's Sohekch Owi. !?7() Macrocliires 323 Mixciorhainphub 1 ">3 griseiis 1 i"»3 scolopiicoiis 154 Magnolia Warbler ()<)7 Magpie, Ainerioan 370 Magpies 370 Mallard 75 Mnndt's (Juillciiiot 21 Man-o'War liinls 70 Manx Shearwater 00 Marble.l (iotlwit 109 Murrelet H> ^^arecil 79 ameriuanti 80 penclope 79 Marsh Harrier 222 Hawk 2:?2 Tern 48 Martin, Purple 537 McCown'a Longspur 4iJ9 IcKay's HnowHake 45 1 Meadow Lark 4(K) Pipit (ifiO Mecalestris 27 Megascops 274 asio 274 asio kennicottii 275 Hsio inacfarlanei 270 asio suturatua 270 Melanerpes 315 oarolinus 317 erytbrocephalus 315 torqiiatus 317 Meleagris 214 galloimvo 214 Melospiza 500 cinerea 512 cinerea caiirina 511 cinerea insignia 512 cinerea judJi 509 cinerea kenaiensis 511 cinerea inelodia 500 cinerea niontana .509 cinerea morphna 509 cinerea rtitina 510 georgiana 515 lincolni 512 lincolni striata 514 Merganser 71 americanus 71 serrator 72 Merganser 71 American 71 Hooded 73 Red-breasted Merlin Block Richardson's Merula niigratoria , miaratoria propinqua. Mew'GuU Micropalama himan tonus Micropodida> Migrant Shrike Mimus polyglot tos MniotiUa vana Mniotiltidif Mocking Bird Molothrus ater Mongolian Plover Montana Junco Motacilla alba ocularis Motacillidit ■ Mother Carey's Chicken Mountain Bluebird Chickadee Plover Partridge Song Sparrow Mourning Dove Warbler Mud-hen Murre Briinnich's Pallas's Murrelet, Ancitnt Kittlit/.'s Marbled Murres Muscivora forficata Myadestes townsendii Myiarchus orinitus Myrtle Warbler I'AUE. ., 72 . . 258 .. 257 . . 257 . . 718 . . 718 .. 722 . . 43 . . 155 . . 155 . . 329 . . .500 . . 000 .. (iOO , . 5S0 . 580 .. 580 . . OOO .. 302 .. 392 .. 193 . . 505 .. 051 .. 051 .. 051 .. 051 . . 02 .. 730 . . 0!)O .. 193 . 197 .. 509 -> I 034 144 I, 23 23 25 18 19 19 13 336 330 702 702 342 342 OOO Nashville Wahblek Nelson's Downy Woodpecker .... (iuU Ptarmiga.'i Sparrow .< 474, Nettion carolinensis. . crecca . . . . Nighthawk . Sennett's . 5S3 304 37 208 733 81 81 81 325 328 . ., ^ INDEX. XUi . 258 . '2-u . -jr.: . 718 . 718 . 722 . 43 . 155 . 155 . 329 . 5()« . ()()() . (itiO . 5S() 580 . 58(t . m) . 302 . 392 , . 193 , . 5(»5 , . 051 . . 051 . . 051 . . 051 . . 02 .. 730 . . 090 . . 193 . 197 . . 509 .. 217 . . 034 . . 144 22, 23 . . 23 . . 25 .. IS . . lit 19 . . 13 .. 336 . , 330 .. 702 .. 702 . . 342 .. 342 . . 000 . . 583 .. 304 . . 37 .. 208 74, 733 .. 81 .. 81 .. 81 .. 325 . 328 „ }*A()£. \^'e8tern 328 Northern Eider \, , 104 Flicker '\ gig Haiiy Woodpecker i>97 Paruk Warbler ,', 502 Phalarope \^\ Pileated Woodpecker 313 Raven ' " 3^2 Shrike \\ 5(t3 Varied Thrush \\\ 724 Yellow-throat ($37 Northwest Crow ,\\ 389 Northwestern Flicker 322 Rei'. wing 399 IS'ucif roga ' ' 339 colmnbianus 3^9 Numenius ..\ \^\ borealis 1^3 hudsonicus \\\ ih2 longirostris \^\ phii'opus 184 tahititmsis ]84 Nutcracker, Clarke's , , . 3S9 Nuthatch, Pyuniy ' ' ((s.r, Red-breasted (JH2 Slender-billed (jyi White-breasted , ' " ogo Nuthatches (j^o Nuttall's Sparrow 482 Nyctala _" 272 acadica ' 273 tengiiialmi riclmrdsoni 272 Nyctea 282 iiyctea 282 Nycticorax 134 nycticorax nievius. . . 134 OCEANITES oceanicus . . Oceanodroina. furcata .... leucorhoa . . Oitleinia. atneri'jana deglandi f iisca tjrc8|iieillata Olbiorchiliis . . alasjcensis liiemaliiM hienuilis paciiicus. . . . nieligerua 01d-B()uaw Olive-backed Thrush. . . Olive sided Flycatcher. Olor buccinator coluinbianus cygnus Orange-crowned Warbler. . 04 . 64 . 62 , 62 . 63 , 108 . 108 109 109 111 670 674 670 672 674 98 710 346 124 125 124 124 585 I'AOK. Orchard Oriole 402 Oregon Chickadee (jgg •J^y .'.■ 381 •i""^°" • 503 Kuned (jirouse 204 Towhee " " ' 525 Vesper Sparrow 4(14 Oreortyx \" (97 Pi'3t' ..'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 197 Oriole, Baltimore 403 Bullock's .. . .. 405 Orchard 402 Orioles , 391 Osprey, American 261 Otocoris ' ' \ 3g(j ^Ipestris !!.'.' 360, 369 alpestris alpestris 3(59 alpostris arcticola 3^9 alpestris arenicola 367, 370 alpestris enthymia ' .370 alpestris hoyti \ \ 3(j9 alpestris leucola-nia . 362, 369, 370 alpestris merrilli 3(J8, 370 alpestris praticola 364,' 370 alpestris strigata ' 368 Oven Bird \\_ q-2,!\ Owl, American Barn , . 263 American Hawk , . 284 American Lon>^ eared.. 263 Arctic Horned 280 Barred \' 268 Burrowing .■.■.'. .V288, 733 Cnlifornia Pygmy 289 Husky Horned 281 Great Grey 269 (jfreat Horned 276 H'^w'k-, ;;;.;; 284 Horned 263 Kennicott's Screech ....... 275 Lapp 271 Macfarlane's Screech 276 Puget Sound Screech 276 J^-yKmy- 289 Kichardson's 272 Sawwhet 273 Screech 274 •Sjiort-eared 265 •"^nowy 282 Spotted 269 W'estern Horned 278 Owls, Barn 263 Horned \\ 263 Oyster-catcher, American.. .....'. 195 Black. „ 196 liuropean 19Q Oyster-catchers 1 95 Paoikk! Coast Yellow thuoat. . . . 640 Pacific Flider 105 Fulmar 159 XIV INDEX. PAOE. Godwit 109 Golden Plover 187 Kittiwake 32 Loon 11 Pagophila 30 alba 30 Pale Goldfinch 444, 733 Pallas's Mnrre 25 Pallid Horned Lark 362 Palm Warbler 623 Paludicolaj 135 Pandion 261 haliaetua carolinensis 261 Parasitic .Tiviger 29 Parida' 680 Parkman's Wren 668 Paroquet Auklet 16 Partridge, California 197 Mountain 197 <• Partridge," RuflFed Grouse 201 Partridges 197 Parus 685 atricapillus 685 atricapillus occidentalis 689 atricapillus soptentrionalis 687 ciuctus obtectus 690 sranibeli ((90 liudsonicus 691 hudsonicus columbianus 603 liudsonicus evura . . 694 hud&onicus stoneyi 693 rufescens 694 Passenger Pigeon 215 Passer 425 dornesticus 425 Passerculus 464 princeps 464 sandwicheusis 465 sandwichensis alaudiuus 467 sandwichensis labradoricus. . . . 470 sandv/ichensis savanna 465 Passerella 517 iliaca 517 iliaca annectens 520 iliaca fuliginosa 521 iliaca insularis . 520 iliaca schistacea 522 iliaca townsendi 521 iliaca unalaschensis 520 Passeres 336 Passerina 448 hyperborea 451 nivalis 448 nivalis townsendi 451 Pavoncella 1 77 pugnax 177 Peale's Falcon 255 Pectoral Sandpiper 159 Pediocietes 210 phasianellus . . 210 PAGE. phasianellus cainpestris 213 phasianoUus colunibialius 212 Pelagic Cormorant 67 Pelecauida; 68 Pelecanus 68 californicus 70 erythrorhynchos 68 fuscus 69 Pelican, American White 68 Brown 69 California Brown 70 Perching Birds 336 Perisoreus 376 canadensis 376 canadensis capitalis 378 canadensis fumifrons 379 canadensis nigricapilhis 381 obscuriis . . 381 obscurus griseua 382 Petrel, Black-capped 62 Bulwer's 62 Fisher's 62 Fork-tailed 62 Leach's 63 Stormy 62 Wilson's 64 Petrochelidon 539 lunifrons 539 Pewee, Western Wood 349 VA'ood 348 Phaethon 64 ajthereus 64 ainericanus 64 PhaethontidiB 64 Phalacrocoracidie 65 Phalacrocorax 65 carbo 65 dilophus 66 dilophus cincinatus 66 pelacjicus 67 pelagicus robustus 67 penicillatus 67 urile 68 Phalaiuoptilus .325 nuttallii 325 Phalarope, Nsrthern 146 Red 145 Wilson's 148 Phalaropes 145 Phalaropodidaj 145 Phalaropus 1 46 lobatus 146 Phasianidie 214 Phasianus 214 torquatus 214 Pheasant, Ring-necked 214 Pheasants 214 Philacte 123 oinagica 123 Philadelphia Vireo 573 INDEX. XV . 213 . 212 . 67 . 68 . 68 . 70 . 68 . 69 . 68 . 69 . 70 . 336 . 376 . 376 . 378 . 379 . 381 . 381 . 382 . 62 . 62 . 62 . 62 . 63 , 62 . 64 539 539 349 . 348 64 64 64 64 65 65 65 66 66 67 67 67 68 325 325 146 145 148 145 145 146 146 214 214 214 214 214 123 123 573 f PAGE. Vhilohela 159 ,,,'ninor .■,;.■; 150 Plioebe 343 Say's 344 Phyllopseustes 095 borealis 595 ^i<^^---.: .'.■.■.■.■ 370 pica hudsonica 370 Piciflft) 007 ricoultis 305 americanus 307 americanus dorsalis 309 americanus fasciatus 308 . arcticus 305 Pied Duck ',['/_[ 102 Pied-billed Grebe ' . g Pigeon, Baud-tailed 215 Ouillemot 2I Hawk .'".'"' 255 Passenger 215 Pigeons ] _ 215 Pileolated Warbler 044 Pine Grosbeak 410 Siskin 444 Warbler 623 Pinicola " ." 4ig enucleator alaseensis 419 enucleator flainmula 421 enucleator leucura 41 (J enucleator niontana 418 Pinnated (irouse 210 PinonJay ][[[] 390 Pl»ta'l 85 Pipilo 522 erythrophtlialmus 522 niaculatus arcticus 523 maculatus megalonyx 524 niaculatus oregonus 525 Piping Plover , ." " 190 Pipit, American (552 Meadow [ (555 Red-throated 650 Sprague's ■/.;;;; 058 Piranga 534 erythromelas 535 ludoviciana 534 rubra ;.;;;; 53,5 Plautus 26 impennis 26 Plegadis .'.'.'.'.'.'. 126 autumnalis 120 guarauna [ 127 Plover, American Oolden 186 Belted Piping ig\ Black-bellied ]85 Golden ] 86 Killdeer ]88 Little Ring 190 Mongolian 193 Mountain 193 PAOE. Pacific Golden 187 P'.P'ng '■'.'.'.'. 190 I''"*; ••,•••• • 190 oemipalniated I89 ^^"P.^^y-, .'.".'.".'.' 192 Wilson 8 J93 Pochard 88 Podicipidiv 1 Podilvmbus Q podiceps [ [ Q Point Barrow (ilaucous Gull. . . . . 34 Polioptila 701 cierulea .,.!.... 70I Polvborus !.!!.... 261 cheriway 261 Pomarino Jaeger 28 Poocrotes 4(J0 gramineus 400 gramineus attinis 464 gramineus confinis ., 4;j2 Poor- will 325 P«''='«"a ;.".■.■.■■.■.■.■; 139 Carolina J39 jaiuaiccnsis [ J42 noveboracensis ]4i Prairie Falcon 25*' Hen ........'. 210 Horned Lark 364 Sharp-tailed Grouse 213 Warbler 625 Prey, Birds of 219 Pribiloff Sandpiper ] . . . ^58 Snowflake 4.'jl Procellaria ' " 62 „P«l"gi''iV: ■'■'.'.'.".'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 62 Procellanida' 5 , i'rogm 537 subis 537 Prothonotary Warbler. ......... 582 Frotonotaria "' 532 citrei 1 . 5(j2 Psaltriparus . . . . 095 minimus 695 Pseudogryplius .][[ 219 californianus [ 219 Ptarmigan, Aliens 206 Everman I's | 2O8 Nelson's ' '' 2O8 Reinhardt's 207 Rock 20(5 Townsend's - o()8 ^IVner's '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 208 W elcli s 209 White-tailed 209 Willow 205 Ptychoramphus 16 aleuticus ifs Puffin '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 14 Horned .'!!.' 15 Large-billed 14 XVI INDEX. PAOK. Tufted 13 Puffins 13 Puffiiius (jo assimilis 61 fuliginosus 61 gravis 60 griseus 61 opisthomdas 61 puffinus 60 tenuirostris 61 Puget Sound Screecli Owl 276 Purple Finch 421 Gallinule 142 Martin 537 Sandpiper 156 Pygmy Nuthatch 685 Owl 289 Pygopodes 1 Pyrrhula 421 cassini 421 Quail, Bob- white 197 Queen Charlotte Jay 376 Woodpecker 301 Querquedula 82 cyanoptera 83 discors 82 Quiscalus 411 (jiiiscula a;neup 41 1 Rail, Black Carolina King Virginia Yellow Rails Rallida.' Rallus elegans virginianus Raptores Raven, Northern. Razor-billed Auk. Recurvirostra .... . 135 americana Recurvirostrida; Red Phalarope Red-backed Sandpiper. . . Red -bellied Hawk Woodpecker Red-belled Tropic Bird.. Red-bird . . . . Red-breasted Merganser. Nuthatch Sapsucker Snipe Red-eyed Vireo Red-faced Cormorant Redhead Red-headed Woodpecker. 142 139 138 138 141 , 138 138 138 138 138 219 382 25 149 149 149 145 163 233 317 64 526 72 682 313 153 570 68 88 315 FAOX. Red-legged Kittiwake 32 Red-naped Sapsucker 312 Red-necked Grebe 2 Redpoll [ 43g Greater 441 Greenland 435 Hoary ' \ 435 Holbcell's 440 Red-shafted Flicker 321 Red-shouldered Hawk 232 Red-spotted Bluethroat 724 Redstart, .Inierican 647 Red-tailed Hawk 230 Red-throated Loon 12 „P'P»t .'.'."." 656 Red wing. Northwestern 399 Redwing, San Diego 400 Thi-ik-billed 399 Red-winged Blackbird 396 Thrush 713 Rpgiilus .'.".'.'.".".'.' 696 calendula 698 calendula grinnellii 701 satrapa 696 satrapa olivaceus 697 Reinhardt's Ptarmigan 207 Rhinoceros Auklet 16 Rhodostethia 46 rosea 46 Rhynchophanes ... 459 ma'jCowiiii 459 Richardson's Grouse 199 Merlin 257 ^ >>wl 272 F«ing Plover 190 Ring-billed Gull 41 Ring-necked Duck 94 Pheasant 214 Riparia , 551 riparia . . . .' 551 Rissa 31 brevirostris 32 tridactyla 31 tridaotyla pollicaris 32 Robin, American 718 Snipe 155 Western 722 Rock Ptarmigan 206 Wren 665 Rocky Mountain Creeper 679 Jay 378 Pine Grosbeak 418 Rodger's Fulmar 60 Rose-breasted Grosbeak 527 Ross's Gull 46 Snowy Goose 1 15, 732 Rough-legged Hawk 239 Rough-winged Swallow 554 Royal Tern 48 Ruby-crowno-l Kinglet 698 INnKX. XVll I'AOE. 74 177 2()1 Ruby. throated Huinniing-birfl S31 Ruddy Duck [ 112 Sheldrake RuflF '.'.'.'.'.'.]'.'.'. Ruffed Grouse, " Partridge ". . .. ^„, Rufous Huinining-bird ,^33 Russet-backed 'llirush. . .'. 709 Rusty Bhickbird ['" 4()(j Song Sparrow ." " r,(,(j Rynchopidii! '" 57 Ryachops nigra 07 57 47 Sabine's Gull Sage Grouse " 213 Salpinctes " ' " ' ^^^'r obsoletus eoi) San Diego Redwing " .' ' 400 Sanderling " " " juy Sandhill Crane. 1 oh "Sandhill "Crane..." .■;.■.■ .■.■.■■■■■ J3" Sandpiper, Aleutian 15'- Baird's ' ' ' ' jgj Bartraniian 177 Ruff- breasted. ...'.'.'.'. '.'.'.^^Im, 732 ( /innnniou Solitary 1 75 165 175 162 159 158 156 173 165 180 155 Curlew Green.. . Least . , . Pectoral Pribilof. Purple. . Red-backed iJi3 Seniipalmated !«.'-, Sharp-tailed . . . liift Solitary.. , Spoon-bill Spotted. . . Stilt ... Thick-billed .'.'.'.■ ;..■ .■ .■ ; ; ; ■ ['^^ Western Seinipalnuitcd. ......' lJi(5 White-rumped kjq Sandpipers . . '.no Sandwich Sparrow .. .,, .jgr, Sapsucker, Red-breasted ...'.' ." .' .' .' 31.^ Red-naped " 312 Williamson's 3J3 Yellow-bellied 310 Savanna Sparrf)w 4^5 Saw- whet Owl 273 Saxicola " ■-•25 lenanthe "05 ^ oenanthe leueorhoa.. . ....... 705 Sayornis " 343 pboebe ' ^^43 ^ saya ' 344 .Say'.s Phrebe 344 Scarlet Tanager ....'." 535 Scissor- tailed Flycatcher. ...... . 33(i Scolecophagus [\[[ 4()(j 22 PAOE. corolimis ^qq cyanocephalus . . 409 Scolopacitlie . . . 150 Soolopax 15() rusticola 15() Scoter, American io« Lf'^^- •:•■■; 109 VV lute- winged 109 Scotiaptex 269 cinerea ' ' 269 cinerea lapponica. OTl Screech Owl \]\ 274 Sea Coot \ | . . Seiurus 6"5 aurocapillus 625 motacilla ' goo noveboracensis 628 noveboracensis iiotabiiis! 630 Selasphorus " 330 i^lleiii ..........! . . 335 ruf us .100 Semipalmated Plover.. . ! 139 Sandpiper [[' jgg Sennett's Niglitliawk ... 328 Setophaga ' ' {54- ruticilla ' ' ' ' g4.- Shnrp-shinned Hawk.! .....[ 224 Sharp-tailed Grouse [ 910 Sandpiper ,[ ^gg Shearwater, Allied.. ........ gi Black-vented gj Dark-bodied 61 Greater ' g^ Manx ^ ^ gij Slender-billed . . [". gj Sooty ■ ■ gj Shearwaters go Sheldrake, Ruddy ..".;.' 74 Sliore Birds. . . 14c Short-billed (Jull....'.'.'! 42 Marsh Wren g74 Short-eared Ovsl " ' 265 Short-tailed Albatross . ... "gg Shoveller 04 Shrike, California ggg ^'l^lf""^ ■.■.■.■.■.;■. 566 ^^.l;'"^"' • • ■ • 663 »\ Inte-rumped :.. g69 Shufeldt's Junco .' .' 594 Shuniagin Fox Sparrow. .......'. 520 Sialia ' ' ' ^,„ arctica 730 niexicana occiden talis. 729 sialis noi- Siberian Chickadee. . . . ." .' .' .' .' '..'.[ g9^ Gull ' ' ■ Oy Yellow-tailed Wagtail g52 Simorhynchus ' j- cristatellus ['. jy XVIU INDEX. PAOE. ]>iisilhts 18 I»ygmiiMia ; 1" Single-crested Coriiiorant (!.") Siskin, Pino 444 Sitkan Kinglet 701 Sitta 680 cunadennis (iH'2 carolinensis 080 cai-olinensis aouiutita 081 pygniiua ()8r> Skimmer, Black 57 Skimmers 57 Skua, Buffon's 29 Common 27 Skuas 27 Skylark 360 Slate-colored Junco 4!)9 Sparrow 522 Slaty-backed Oull 3H Slender-billed Nuiiintch 081 Shearwater 01 Smith's Longspur 455 Snipe, Kuropean 151 Greater 153 Red-breasted 153 Robin 155 XN'ilson's 151 Snipes 1 50 Snowflake 448 McKay's 451 Pribilof 451 Snowy Hcion 133 Owl 282 Plover 192 Solan (lOose 05 Solitaire, Townst'iul's 702 Solitaires 702 Solitary Sandpi])or 173 Somateria 104 dreaseri 104 inolHssinia borcalis 104 spectabilis 100 v-nigra 105 Song Sparrow 500 Sooty Fox Sparrow 521 Grouse 198 Shearwater 01 Song Spitrrow 510 Sora 139 Sparrow, Aleutian Song 512 Baird's 470 Brewer's 497 Chipping 491 Clay-colored 494 Dakota Song 509 Field 497 Forbush's 514 Fox 517 Gambei's 480 Golden-crowned 483 I'AWH. Grasshojjper 471 Harris's 477 Henslow's 47*2 House 425 Ipswich 404 Kadiak Fox 520 Kadiak Song 512 Kenai Song 511 Labrador Savanna 470 fjiirk 470 Lcconte's 472 Lincoln's 512 Mountain Song 5(»9 Nelson's 474, 733 Nuttall's 482 Oregon Vesper 404 Rusty Song 509 Sandwich 405 Savanna 405 Shuniagin Fox 520 Slate-colored 522 Song 500 Sooty Fox 521 Sooty Song 510 Swamp 515 Townsend's . . 521 Tree 487 Vesper 400 Western Chipping 493 Western (Jrasshopper 471 U'estern Lark 477 Western Savanna 407 Western Tiee 489 Western Vesper 402 White-crowned 478 White-throated 484 Vakutat Fox 520 Yakutat Song 511 Sparrows 415 Spatula 84 clypeata 84 Spectacled Eider 103 Speotyto 288 cunicularia hypogiea 288 Sphyrapicus 310 ruber notkersis 313 thyroideus ,'{13 varius 310 varius nuchal is 312 Spinug 444 pinus 444 Spirit Buck 97 Spiza 532 americaiui 532 Spizelhi 487 breweri 497 monticola 487 nionticola ochracea 489 pallida 494 pusilla 497 INDKX, XIX (•A«K. 471 477 472 4'2't 4(i4 WO .112 r>ii 470 47(i 47'2 f)l2 TiOg ;4, 7;w 4S2 4U4 r>()9 4or) •1(!5 520 522 500 521 510 515 521 487 400 493 471 477 407 489 402 478 484 520 511 415 84 84 KKi 288 288 310 313 .•{I3 310 312 444 444 97 532 532 487 497 487 489 494 497 I'AtJK. MOL'illliH ^91 Mouiuli.s arizoniu 493 Hpooii-hill . . . . 84 Siuid piper |(J5 Spotted Oake 139 ),') Hiuik fl.-,! l^ :;:::::; 542 V:"'*;--. 539 Kougli winged r,r,4 '''■:"? '.'.. 540 Violet green ,r,49 Swallow- tailed Kiti' 221 Swamp Sparrow r^'\r, Swan, Trumpeter |25 Whistling 124 NN'liooping 124 Swans ^( Swift, Hlack 329 Chimney ' 32JJ Vaux's 331 Swifts 323_ 32«) Swiniinera, Lamellirostral ' 71 Long- winged 27 Totipaluiate 04 Tui)e-nosed r,j^ Swinlioe's Wagtail (j.'ji •^^.V'^''':'"' '.'.'.'. 095 Sympliemia j^o semipalmata jyg seniipalmata inoriiata 176 Syrniuni "" 2O8 nebulosum 2O8 occidontale caurinuin 209 Synthliboraniphus Js anti(|UU8 jg rACHYCI.SKTA -,4(J bioolor 54(j thalassina lejiida ,549 Tanager, Louisiana 534 Scarlet r,3_^ Summer r,3(j Tanagrida' 534 Tatler, Wandering 177 Teal, Hlue- winged 82 Cinnamon ^3 Kui'opean ^1 Green-winged m Telmatodytes 07-, palustris dissai'ptus (;7,-, palustris paludicola 070 palustris plesiu.s 077 Tennessee Warbler ,r,H9 Tern, Aleutian ,'•,4 Arctic fi2 Black r,r, Cabot ".s 49* Casjjian 4^ (Jomiiion 50 ForsterV 49 (iuU-billed 4,kj Least 5.-, Marsh 4f^ XX INDEX. I'MIK. RoBoate 54 '^'>y«l •■ '..'.'.'. 48 White-wliiged Black 57 Terns 30 Tetmoiiida' (flj 'rimliiHsogci'on -^\) culiniiiatiiH 59 Thickliilled ( iuilUiinot 23 F^udwiiiK ;m) Hundjiiper iflH Thrasher, Brown (|(t;{ Thrasliers (;(j() Thrush, Alaska Hermit 713 Alma's 713 Audubon's Hermit 7ir> Hiuknell's 709 Ooidcn-crowned 62;") (iray-cheeked 707 (JrJnnell's Water 630 Hermit 715 Louisiana Water ((32 Northern Varied 724 Olive-backed 710 Red-winged "jm Russet-backed 709 Varied 723 Water [[[ (V28 Willow 7o(j Wilson's 704 ' Wood 704 Thrushes 702 Thryomamis (jfltj bewickii (((jg bewickii calophonus H(j6 Thryothorus (jfig ludovicianus fj(((j Tits 080 Tolmie's Warbler (i3(i Totanus 171 flavipes j 72 melanoleucus 17] Totipalmate Swimmers 64 Towhee -,22 Arctic 523 Oregon .1 '.'.'.. ^2:s Spurred 524 Townsend's Ptarmigan 2()8 Solitaire 702 Sparrow 521 Warbler 621 Toxostoma 663 rufum 663 Traill's Flycatcher .... 353 Tree Sparrow 437 Swallow 546 Tringa '///[ 155 acuminata 158 "Ipinn 163 alpina pacifica I63 bairdii i(ji VMiF.. canutuR . igft couesi 157 damacensis lfl3 ferruginea ■■'.'..' 186 fuHcicollis 160 nuiculata 159 maritinia 156 iniiiutilla 162 ptilocnemis 158 Trocjiilidii' 331 Trocliilus 331 alexandri 333 eolubris 33] Troglodytes .' . . 667 ai'don 667 aedon aztecus 668 ai'don parkmanii 668 Troglodytida' 660 Tropiii Birds 64 Tropiu Bird. Red billed 64 ^ ellow-billed 64 Trumpeter Swan 125 Tryngites 179 subruficollis 17£ Tube-noH,.d Swimmers CiH Tubinares 58 Tufted Puflin .'.'...'.'."'.'.'.' 13 Tub' Wren 676 Turdidie 702 Tardus 718 iliacus 718 Turner's Ptarmigan 208 Turnstone 194 Rlaok 195 Turnstones 193 Turkey Buzzard 219 Wild ." .... 214 Turkeys 214 Tympanuchus 2IO americiuius 210 Tyrannida> 336 Tyrannus 337 dorninicensis 340 tyrannus 337 verticalis 340 Tyrant Flycatchers ] 336 Uria 22 lorn via 23 lom via arra 2.'5 trf)ile 22 troile oalifornica 23 VaneUvUS 185 vanellus 185 Varieii Thrush 723 Vaux's Switt ,331 Vega (lull 41 Velvet Scoter 109 Vesper Sparrow 460 II INDEX. xxi . 16A . 157 . 163 . 165 . 160 . 159 . 156 . 162 . 158 . 331 . 331 . 333 . 331 . «H7 . H(i7 , tiH8 . (!()8 , «ttO 64 64 64 125 179 58 58 13 676 702 718 718 208 194 195 193 219 214 214 210 210 33(i 337 340 337 340 336 22 23 25 22 23 I'AdK, Vigor's Wren Violet-ffreen Cormorant. Nwallow Vireo Anthony's Hlue-heiidetl CuHsin's Philaik-lnhia Rfid-oyecl Warbling Westorn Warliling. ... White-tiyud YoUow-groon Yellow-ttirontBd Vireo flavifrons flavoviridiH gilvus , . . , gilvuHawninHoni iiiittoni ol)Rcuru8 novuhur/ioensia olivaceus philadelphicus Red-eyed Holitarius solitariiia cassini Vireonidii' V'irginia Rail Viilture, Black Califoinia Vultures, American . 66»l . 67 . 540 . .579 . 577 . .'i7H . 573 . 570 . .')74 . 575 , 579 572 576 570 57H .572 574 575 579 579 570 573 570 .577 .578 570 1.38 221 219 219 Wautail, SiBEKAN Yem.owTaii.kd 652 Swiiihoe's (J5 1 White ' ■■■ 651 Wagtails ggj Wandering Tatler 177 Warl)ler, Alaskan Yellow .59'7 Audubon's fiO() Bay-breasted H12 Black and White 580 Blackburnian His Black-poll g|5 Black-throated Blue ,598 Black-throated (iray (JIfl Black-throated (Jreen 6I9 Calaveras fjs-t Canadian ' (545 Cipe May 593 Cerulean 609 Chestnut-sided 610 Connecticut 6.32 r4olden-winged 582 Hermit " 622 Hooded 641 Hoover's 604 Kennicott'a V^'illow 695 Kentucky 6.32 Kirtland 8 '622 Lutescent 587 Magnolia , .' ' 607 PAUL Mourning 634 Myrtle 509 Nashville ftgg Northern Parula B92 Orange crowned 885 t'ftlni 623 Pileolated ... 644 fine .'.'. 623 I'nkio 628 Frothonotary .1582 Tennessee ftgp Tolmle's 6.36 Townsend's 621 Wilson's 641 Yellow 594 Yellow I'alni 624 Warblers, Wood ago Warbling Vireo 574 Water Thrush 628 (Jrinnell's 630 Louisiana 632 Wax wing, Boliemian 556 t'edar. ■ 56O W elch's Ptarmigan 209 Western Bluel)ird 729 Cliipping Sparrfiw 493 Kvening (Jrosbeak 416 Flycatcher ,^,^^2 CtlaucouM (Jull ,34 Golden-crowned Kinglet 696 ( Josiuiwk 229 (frasshopper Sparrow 47 J (Jrebe 1 tJuillemot 2I Gull ; ' 3g Horned Owl 278 House Wren 668 Lark Sparrow 477 Marsh VVren 674, 675 Meadow Lark 4()| N ighthawk 328 Red-tailed Hawk 231 Robin 722 Savanna Sparrow 467 Semipalmated Sandpiper 166 Thick-billed (iuillemot 25 Tree Sparrow 489 Vesper Sparrow 462 Warbling Vireo 575 Willet ■ 176 Winter Wren 672 Wood Pewee .349 Wheatear 72,') Kuropean 725 Whimbrel 184 Whip-poor-will 323 Wiiiskered Auklet 17 Whistler 9,5 W'histling Swan 124 White (jyrfalcon 248 XXII INDEX. I'AIIK. Wii^tiiil ,1,-ji VVhito-limmteil Nuthatch (Mo VVhitti'i'huukud (Ioohu l'j() VVhito crL'Mtcd ( loriiidiant titt \Vhi(o crowiHul Spmiow 478 VVhite-eyod Viruo 579 NVhite-fiicoil (MoaNy Ibla 107 W'hiti! fronted ( Joosi- [ //_ | j^j Whitd hciidcd (iiiU '[[ 43 Woodpecker ;k)4 Whitc-niiiipcd Sandpiper.. . . KM) ,,.^["'*^" -m « hitctiiilcd rtunidKiin 'Mi U hitf-throiiteil Sparrow 4,S4 White winded Hlttckbird .... rm Bldck 'I'trn 57 CroHsliill 428 <;"" '.".'.'.'.'.'.'.' 35 Scoter ](;jj Whooping Crtiuc ......'. 135 Swim J24 Widgeon, American 80 Kurope.Mi 79 Wihl Turkey »|4 wHi^t :;:::::::;: hi W estcrn | -y Williuiiison'H Sapsuckcr 313 Willow (Joldlinch 444 pum.iigrtn ;;; .205' llirusli you Wilsonia 041 canadeiiHid 044 niitriita H41 pusilla (J42 piifiiUa pileolata (J44 WilHon's Petrel (54 Phalarope 14^^ ',''?''<"■ '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 193 '"'"ipe 151 Thrush 704 VVarbler '..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 642 » ren 704 \\ inter Wren 070 Wood Duck ] . . 8(i I'ewee 34JJ Thrusli ' ' 7()4 Warblers g80 Woodcock, American I,")0 Kuropeun 15Q Woodpecker, Alaskan Three-toeil. 308 Alpine Three-toed 309 American Three-toed 307 Arctic Tliree toed 305 Batclielder's [[[ 30;} Cabanis's 30) Downy ;^()| Gairdner's 303 H'"ry '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 297 Harris's 3((() I'.tllK. Lewin'M NelHon'H I)<)wny . . , Northern Hairy . . Northern Pileated. Qiieeii (;iiarh>tte. . . Red-bellied KtMl-headod White-heade.l WoddpeokerN AhiNkan Wren, Alahkiiu Aleutian ISowick's Carolina House Long billed Marsh. . Parknian's Kock Mhort-billod Marsh. Tnl.i Vigor's Western Jfouse Western Marsh Western Winter Winter W reus N\ right's Klycutcher. . Wrynecks . 817 . .-MM . 207 , 813 30] 317 315 304 •21)7 «74 674 674 600 666 007 074 008 605 074 676 000 008 677 072 070 000 350 207 XANTIfoCKI'llAI.IS 31(4 xanth(H^e|(lialus .394 Xema 47 sabinii 47 Xenopicns 304 albolarvatUB 304 Yakutat Fox Si-aukow ,V20 Song Sparrow 51 1 Yellow Palm Wail)ler (124 Hail 141 Warbler 594 Yellow-bellied Flycatcher 350 Sapsucker 3|() Yellow-billed Cuckoo 21)0 Loon 10 Tropic Mird 04 Yellow- breasted Cliat ()4() Yellow-green Vireo 572 Yellow-headed Hlackliird 394 Yellow-legs, Greater 171 Lesser j 72 Yellow -nosed Albatross 59 Yellow-throat, Northern 637 Pacific Coast 640 Yellow- throated Vireo 576 Yukon Chickadee 694 i !NDEX. XXIII I'.tllK. .. SI7 .. :m>4 .. 'i»>7 . . 813 . . .'iOl , . 317 ,. .lift . :m . 21»7 «74 . «74 . «74 . 606 . 666 . (KIT (174 .668 . 665 . 674 . 676 . 666 . 668 . 877 . 672 . 670 . 660 . SAO . W I'Aor. Zknaidiiiia 217 iiiiKtroiira 217 Zonotrii'hia 477 ulliicolliH 4^4 coroiiuta 483 Iiiiicophryi 47JJ Itnit'ophryM gainhvli 4^ loui'ophryH nuttullli " 482 <|iierulu 477 304 304 47 47 304 304 .V20 r^M t)'24 141 594 3r)0 310 200 10 64 640 572 304 171 172 59 637 640 576 604