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 1 
 
 32 X 
 
'J«:-<. 
 
 ^ii>t»j«jmjmwttwsGsa5««ww^^ 
 
 A Hundred Years 
 
 OF 
 
 BAPTIST - WORK 
 
 IN 
 
 HEATHEN « LANDS 
 
 1 792- 1 892 
 
 / 
 
 J. R.'Stillwell. 
 
 TORONTO ; 
 
 DiTiJLKv A Burns, PaiNTEK-s, 11 Colboknk St. 
 
 is82. 
 
 I»n«i«www?«:m««w«»mfstw»^ 
 
 JJfiWTOK^JJtt* 
 
 *»^^ ' ■><"*'' 
 
1^ 
 
 National Library Bibliolheque naiionale 
 ol Canada du Canada 
 
A Hundred Years 
 
 s 
 
 OF 
 
 Baptist Work in Heathen Lands 
 
 1 792-1892 
 
 I 
 
 ■a 
 
 BY 
 
 J. R. STILLWELL 
 
 TORONTO : 
 
 Dm)LKY & Bnft(ts, Printers, 11 Colborne St. 
 
 1892 
 

 c^ O 
 
 "A„J „a„y f,„p!„ sU! go and my. Com ," Z t ^ "' 
 
 "mouMain of He Lord, to ,i. hous,ofZr/f," "" "'' '" "" 
 
 C'liaj 
 
 Chap 
 
 Cliaf 
 
 Chap 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 mountain oj 
 (ntains, and 
 ^(nv into it. 
 v up to the 
 nd He 7i<iil 
 Old of Zion 
 rusaietn." — 
 
 '. baptizing 
 f the Ho/y 
 commanded 
 *lic ivorld." 
 
 iNTRonrOTOKY 
 
 Cliapttr l'"ir.st . . 
 II Second , 
 
 The Parable 
 The Impulse 
 
 Hritisii Baptist Foreksn Missions 
 
 Chapter Third 
 II Fourth 
 
 Fifth 
 II Sixth 
 M Seventh 
 
 William Carey . 
 
 Baptist Missionary Society 
 
 India and Ceylon . 
 
 Africa 
 
 China and Palestine 
 
 7- 10 
 
 7 
 
 8- 10 
 
 11- 37 
 
 11- 16 
 
 16- 18 
 
 18- 27 
 
 28- 33 
 
 34- 37 
 
 American Baptist Foreign Missions 
 
 Chapter Eighth . 
 M Ninth 
 II Tenth 
 Eleventii 
 Twelfth . 
 II Thirteeiitli 
 M Fourteenth 
 11 Fifteenth 
 
 Adoniram Judaon 
 
 American Baptist Missionary Union 
 
 Burma 
 
 Siam and China 
 
 Assam 
 
 Tolugu Country 
 
 Japan and Africa 
 
 Other MissiouE; 
 
 37- 83 
 
 37- 42 
 
 42- 45 
 
 46- 61 
 
 62 68 
 
 68- 71 
 
 71- 79 
 
 79- 81 
 
 82- 83 
 
 Canadian Forbion Missions 
 
 Chapter Sixteenth . 
 II Seventeenth 
 II Eighteenth . 
 II Nineteenth . 
 II Twentieth . 
 
 Appendix 
 
 Ontario and Quebec Board 
 
 Their Foreign Mission 
 
 Maritime Provinces Board, and Foreign Mission. 
 Canadian Missionary Conference .... 
 Closing Words . , 
 
 84-102 
 
 84- 85 
 86- 92 
 92- 9() 
 96- 100 
 101-102 
 
 10.1 
 
I 
 
PR EFACE 
 
 HE object in writing this volumr has i)cen to give a cUar and 
 J^ concise account of the origin, growth, and present state, ol 
 Baptist Foreign Missions. And it is thought tliat trcalmen: 
 of Societies and their respective missions will more nearly attain this 
 object, than would treatment of coimtries and of missions in them. 
 
 It need scarcely be added that, in so small a work as this, no- 
 thing more than the merest outline can be givL-n, the reader being 
 referred to special works on the various missions (see Appendix) for 
 information not contained in these pages. 
 
 The author is aware that the liistory might have been distributed 
 more evenly, not only as regards societies, but alscj as regards the 
 work done in any particular mission. lUit the oliject aimed at was 
 merely a brief outline of the m;'in story, leaving subsidiary events 
 to come in, if at all, at the close of each chapter. 
 
 The author would also avail himself of this opportunity to thank 
 the many kind friend' .;.o have a.ssisted in the collation of books, 
 magazines, etc. 
 
 He now sends forth this volume, trusting that it may contribute 
 something to the advancement of the great Cause which it advocates. 
 
 I. R. S'III.i.\Vi:i.l.. 
 
INTRODUCTORY. 
 
 CHAPTER FIRST. 
 
 THE PARABIiK. 
 
 " A i.ir ihle set Ho before them saying, The kingdom of henvon is like unt< 
 
 ^ (I grain of mustard set-d which a man took and sowed in hia field • whicli 
 
 ^^ indeed is hm than all seeds ; but when it is grown, it is greater tiian the 
 
 herbH, and becometh a tree, sm i hat the bird.s of hcviveii come and loil.'e 
 
 in the branches thereof. " 
 
 'T^HE seed lies in the hand— a very diminutive tliin.4 it is— a casual breath 
 sweeps It away b-y.md our sight, and it is lost. Lost? Not ho It fdls 
 upon a small tuft of grass, sifts through the green waving blades into th iojl 
 and sleeps through a brief day. Suddenly, warmed by the moisture, it be-nn.s 
 t.. throl. hke a living thing, and, ere long, a small bud breaks forth. It is s"ich 
 an uiEignihea..t bud that even the crawling earthworm notices it not ; its hold 
 on life so slender that the pressure of a passing foot may sunder it ; its chances 
 ot hto so iiidiftereut, that we may dismiss it from our thought. But a-'ain not 
 s... In sonie miraculous way the bud broak.s into a tiny sln.ot, forces itself 
 upward, find soon ap|)oavs ah,)ve ground. And still it is lost among the thick 
 grasses and who will care to predict for it a future existence .' The stru.'Ldes 
 tor a place are so severe, the vicissitudes of being so strange, that we neeil 
 expend no further thought upon its fui iire possibilities. 
 
 Thus indeed we may rea.son. Thus have many reasoned. But such rea- 
 soning proves vain, and is soon put to shame. The tiny shoot emerges to sight 
 beconjes a shrub, stretches up into a tree, spn ads forth its branches, and covers 
 tlie whole surniuudinj: place with its shade. The tiny seed has thns become a 
 tree which overtops the surrounding herbs and .spreads forth its branches that 
 tlie birds oi lieaven may lodge therein. 
 
 The same is a parable. Tlie seed of the Kingdom fell up..i, the soil of 
 human nature, worked it into life under the infliuenco of the Divine Spirit • 
 beat, tlirobbe.l, travailed in growth ; struggled for the privilege to live— lived • 
 contested its right to grow— grew ; contended f,.r d(miinion while years and' 
 centuries wore away ; increased in the face of all obstruction, conf,.inidincr the 
 wise; overturned dynasties, crushing out all resistance ; absorbed tribes, nations 
 empires; and has gone on adding to its subjects, strengthening its position • 
 extending Its limits, bringing every agency to contribute to its growth, until it 
 has well-nigh filled the whole earth. 
 
 This parable spoken so many ages ago has become history. Under its 
 inspiration grave and studious men chronicle the growth of the heavenly kin.'- 
 dom. In It they discover the solution of past, events, the consistency of Divine 
 movements, as well as a divination of the future. The parable was prophecy 
 Ihat prophecy has largely realized itself, and has, at the same time, vouched 
 for :t8 future and com])lete fulfilment. 
 
 It is the parable of Foreign Missions. It sketches in miniature their rise 
 
 course, and growth. It furnishes the antidote against discouragement, the sure 
 
 word against failure. It sustains enthusiasm, fills the heart with hope, and 
 
 lights up the future with a halo of glory. He that runneth may read, "for the 
 
 vision hastctl. t,,ward the end, and will not lie ; though it tarry, wait for it ; 
 
 Oecausu It aliali surely come, it will nut delay." 
 
HAniST WoitK I\ HEATHEN- LAX 
 
 ns. 
 
 CHAPTER SECOND. 
 
 THE TMI'ir.SK. 
 
 /'~;'IVEN an impulse and movoinoiitresulN ^r.i-oH, • i 
 
 y and the movouu-nr will „„ on orever Th .» ^^<^.''"''"^'" ''^''^-«"''^"'"i"g. 
 
 hard of roalization. Even in lu , n^M ,. n *=""^''t'""« "f Perpetuity are 
 
 transmutation of encn^'y, a", t at t^er fo - h" ""'V-' '"''' ^'^^''^ '« >* g™^'"^! 
 
 will, in th. distant f,.tu:'e ceas In H . f> 'T^'^'^'T "^ """« "'"1 P>'"'ets 
 
 conditions is more di.iicu'lt stili. N. or'aSti; u'"v^^^ 
 
 '"'■It, no empires yet founded have rH .7n ^Tn ^ formed, no cities yet 
 
 I'HiHral inertia obUining every X.Tete It. n^ '"""""" V'"'''''''- '''^e 
 
 nnpuls.,n,,„.u.ter how poweSlTy imparted '"""" "'"' «"^''"° ^^'^^y 
 
 discipl^^l^anT^olSn'r ™;nE''«S^::r'"'"^ °'^*'^^^'^^ ^'^"^ *'^- 
 H'.puisetotho move,nent. Tl inius Sive^^ Jioa and, with him, the 
 but that too will evontnallvce's. Th. P -T^' ''""^inue through years, 
 -loctrines n.ay .till bo 1 eW in 1? t.r 1 Th :'',','" '/.'"'^;'"" ""'''' '" '''"»'' the 
 ;V;"-'lly H-urishin,, deatl/is v rkt d '•!?' ' "" '^T''"^" 'Though out- 
 What are CnfncianisM,, l?idi!isn "in Hi ,'''.'"'; ''V''^'''' "'•''"if'-st itself. 
 s ,. n .li.sapp,.ar I Th. y have ■ Si^e i, ', "'. "^ '^"'" '^«'""'« 'h^it must 
 u<'4 spirit has (led. f|,„y m^^ c ,u > , 'rt,;:"'* ceremonies, hut the a„in,at- 
 ness arc nnnd.cred. No one d • an s of , f. ' ^'^ ^''''' ''"^y" '^ '^hoir great- 
 T'u,ir own devotees have n! ul ' h u ^ h:"':;'/'"''^^ ''"■ ""-'^^ '-''■'-»«• 
 
 u'. doo,.K..l to extinetion and the strulK v^in ''^'■i''^''''"^'^-^^- «'=• 'hey 
 
 .«;^l.t be recorded ! But "the ^"m > ^s^M "i Jif'.'*"!'^"^ """'y """•'^ 
 "•''li'j;ions, cities an<l emi.ins of vester.luV . i "^^ , ^''c communities. 
 
 »■'" have passed ere to-n>, r u^s l w7 '';\ ""'^^''ere, while those of today 
 -vwy where. It is only to, truK e n Z«l. , i''^ n '''''"'^"" '"''^y '"" legibly 
 the conditions of perpirtJitv are liar 'rr P' "". '"''^^ <"=I'cnence. \\.rily 
 
 :: -d all the go-^esi ^S.:!^:'^ ^^:f:rZh^a '%] "•" ''" «*'«'; '^-^^ 
 
 the (l,.wei' fadi.th." "" "'^'"- ""t' grass withereth 
 
 endo!:^;i'S;! ihi-^^-i^r 'S^iimisf^'i^^r "'r7-^""" ^'^' — 
 
 a«e and may well elaim our attenul.n £ ki L o 'om'I .'''^' r'""^' "^ ^''" 
 of decay, no symptoms of having bec<,me tftj e t ! ^^''''^.^ «''o«s no signs 
 ^i". ever pulses with new life. Its hist rv is „ni , Z "" V '"''''''"*' J"'"th 
 '"'■'- it has gone on exIeM-lin, l-^ ,1 ' ''li '• ''"'"""'', "''"'''^'"^'" >-•""- 
 "the darkest periods the kingdom /J ,;,,";;' ""^ '""' '"'^ «"'-^''>-- 
 tor other and greater con,n,..sN T ie,v h w '»« 'V"^^'"^'"""' l-roi-ar, d 
 
 Hnd, to-day, it is that '^on^'ll^iiJ^^^Z^^ '''"'"' "f^"-'-'h, 
 
 ''H .v7.;,o,7 with the movement 1 , k^of , 1^ "'"' I'^'n'etuity. No on^ 
 
 .'P'eats. Let us M,,nd aside le ' , d li^ M '' '"'" "^er-continued co,,- 
 
 "'.pulse t... his m.ghtyand ev ' " si, rvcltnwr/'^ ^""^ us discover ,!,e 
 >tcon.,st? Tho ansvver is very . J r^-iven ' Tw T'"'"""'- ^" «''at does 
 solution. Th<. (irstja ■'■-»"> ^'iven. Two elements enter into the 
 
 THK OIVINE I'lU-.l'osH 
 
 ■-"="."'.^r:;:™;t:t^iijT;'sp"i - 
 
 f -- „ ijiu un! j,{ia|j cnduio lorover. 
 
THE SPIRIT OF OBEDIENCE, 
 
 st'lf-Bustaining, 
 perpetuity are 
 ere is a gradual 
 ins and idanets 
 izatioii of these 
 , no cities yet 
 eatness. The 
 subdue every 
 
 d ab.)ufc them 
 with him, the 
 hrough years, 
 t in iiaino, the 
 Thoutrh Dut- 
 lanifcst itself, 
 ■snis that must 
 Jt theaiiiinat- 
 'f thuir gruat- 
 ese religions. 
 '"• Hut thuy 
 
 the apo.stlo. 
 ^ many nioro 
 ciinniiuMitios, 
 ose of to-day 
 r toil Icgihly 
 nee. \'orily 
 II flesh grasH, 
 s» withuroth, 
 
 I that seems 
 iraclo of the 
 iwa no Hjgns 
 oi-nal j'outh 
 ^'llteen c<mi- 
 hiit surely. 
 |<1 pri'|iar('d 
 of ^'n>wth, 
 y. No one 
 inued coii- 
 iscover (lie 
 ' what does 
 '1' into tilt! 
 
 I in leather 
 re forovor. 
 
 I 
 
 And with God to >u 1 IS to perform ; to purpose is to accomplish ; and there- 
 fore, when He made known his pleasure to .Abraham nearly forty centuries uo 
 athrmmg that in his .seed all the nations of the earth should be Wessed He 
 merely revealed what had been His purpose from all eternity. TWh the 
 mnumerable .eons that passed before the foundations of the eartii were laid 
 and the morning stars sang for joy ; or before man was created and Satan had 
 enticed him from obedience ; the Divine purpose lay hid in the Divi le m ml 
 awaiting the set time for its accomplishment 
 
 For the decree has gone forth to set up a kingdom which shall endure for 
 ever; a kingdom in which shall bo gathered all the peoples o the earth .; 
 k ngdom ^vjich shall e.xtend from sea to sea, and from thi river unto the ends 
 
 ha^^ no enJ '■ I tl'.'^i'"" H' "T''' "^ ^^"'"^ government and p a e shaU 
 ha\e no end ; a kingdom likened unto a stone cut out without hands that rolls 
 
 n™rVrr'??."''^''""' the earth ; a kingdom likened nto a. ai? 
 mustard seed which grows into a tree irrpaipr fhn.. fi,„ i, »u i .*■'"*'" "^ 
 
 peace when the wolf shall dwell wi;"t.i^",unb, lu^Uhrieo ard'shall"£'dr, 
 w.h the k.d and the calf and the young lion and fatling to..ether-whe tho 
 natu.ns shall beat the.r swords into plowshares an.l thei? sp^'rs into Tun ,m 
 
 X^oeKSs^luSoE "^ '-'' -' »'- ^««^''-' ^'^--"- 
 
 Jesti^ef^E^^^^-llSi^S-liiv-^^;.-^^^ 
 
 the ages increasing runs " on towards fulfilment ^ tnrough 
 
 ihCJl'^' ^'"'"' '^ *''*' •'^'^'"'"^ "\ t'"^ '"'S'^fy ''"I'ulse working throu.'h the aires 
 - this steady movement towards universal sovereignty. Tht kinjoms f men 
 rise and fa 1, increase and wane, because they are of the earth, Shy but he 
 kingdom of Christ ,s from heaven, heavenly, and must prevail It^herefo^^^^ 
 declines not ; its glory wanes n,.t ; its conquests cease not ; is strength S 
 not ; It grows over greater and mightier because the impu se is the cons ? 
 real..ing of the Divine purpose. That impulse is self-sustaining t f S a 
 
 Eat'dS'it i^Vr^'l",^-, ^\' ''^^'rh''^ it i« the Ancie.^; of D^s He 
 that Mlled It IS Jehovah (!od. who .said in the beginning, " Let there be light " 
 
 "da 'nilng."" ^'^'' ■ "'^° "^^^ '"'''^^' '' Let the're be l^ght," and b, the 'light 
 The second element in the solution is 
 
 THK Sl'IUIT OK OIIEPIKNCK. 
 
 th., fT'v"-i''''p' u-'*'' ^T' '^^^/T' '" *''° ^'''"^ Councils that Christ shall see of 
 
 K Is V le 'thif H ''""''''•'• "'i^'?"?'*"'! languages shall serve Him ; yetUod 
 Id i«Vh ^'^ ^T^'T ^'"'" ^"^ ""-'complished through humai agents 
 
 and. as these are endowed with free-will, it follows that CJod can work on?v a^ 
 man CO operates. " We are co-workers with Him." and must erSe ren.em! 
 Hn r" 7l''""'''''"te to the realising of the Divine purpose. 
 
 i.lish me . !'f"^H "'"^ '""" *" "":'^ ^''" Holy One and to make the accom- 
 
 p ishment of His gracious j.urposes of mercy dependent upon the uncortaintv 
 of human co-operation, it I's, nevertheless, a part of the D vine pLasu?n ,7 
 as sue!., inust bo gravely considered. For hoi can the Div ne mossr«ro/ Ive 
 le HolUniri r'''^"''' 'l^ !!>''•"■«" «"t^"«»-l with it rH.?w caS 
 
 ing f turn can Christ s spiritual kmgdt.m be advanced oxcent by the willing 
 co-operation of those embraced in it I e»i.ept oy cne wmmg 
 
 aiil,i«,.fu fi; V^^ir •• "i^ i-nneipicof us advanceiiiout. In all Christ's 
 
 fiil. ,1 f° •''"'•''"'' " f'."'^ ' . <'''«'li«""^ a spirit that delights in Him ami 
 hiul. Its chief j„y .„ exalting Him to bo a Prince and a Saviour to al! peopK, 
 
lO 
 
 i^APTIST WOUK LV HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 . 
 
 Wdster 8 good pleasure. '^' '^"''* ^^^y '»'ght work out their royal 
 
 n.echa.;rcaf, co;;;?ui:;rv'"iaw "f '" r" ''''''y S^°-th of the kiu.don. Tt • 
 
 Masters purj^sea are no sealed l.o„k uT\ "V "■"" '''-'^'"t'-^ti. And vet thn 
 1.0 veriest child in th., kingdom J; " rn't" 1 ' '''?!7 ""''^^'^ ""lairing ^pi 
 and overgrowing l„ve soon pr u p s h ' ! f''' ^«' ^^^^y king,l,,„^o " V' 
 ^ealc^^^s propagator of the faith ' '"'" '" '*'^^'"" '^"d converts I,in. in^'a 
 
 ^.norvoc:;;:e''?;th:!'rn^J•';^r'^^r'^''^'•'^ ^^"-'^ ^'- ^i-t few 
 
 the kuigdon,, dwells in every loyal suhl^ i '''' "J"'» *''« "stablislnnen oT 
 
 l"ay, '-"t iny kingdom come" • uiwi , ui "^ '"'"•wers are taufrht fr. 
 
 into «;me i„,,,„,|i,„S|,.,„",r o..™' L,:,"; ".rif'"* "'° "'i'-i' "' ''Xr.^ 
 
'S. 
 
 <^ all around what a 
 ■ shared to bo fulJy 
 '"'!«. "8 aiiy remain 
 n lli.s groat work of 
 ^'id thus men, con- 
 have counted their 
 ^'ork out their royal 
 
 kingdom. It in no 
 ry caprice, l)ut the 
 love which delights 
 28 worked out the 
 . whde wholly una- 
 i"n. And yet the 
 "", inquiring spirit, 
 ly Kingdom come " 
 "verts him into a 
 
 lioh the elect few 
 e establisliment of 
 u contribute to its 
 gddin in the earth 
 ist came into the 
 fers are taught to 
 irit of l,,vo bursts 
 f reconciliation, 
 tinues with over- 
 n>080 on the one 
 l."f the kingdom 
 >irit of obedience 
 ver all kingdoms 
 
 BRITISH BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSIONS- 
 
 CHAPTER THIRD. 
 
 WILLIAM ( AKEY, 
 
 S\^,!: w'?,!;K', "^ ^\ Apostles no greater has arisen than William Carey 
 ^ the leader in the .^reat modern Foreign Mission movement. For it was -iven 
 e i„ h„ ^T '*h^7t,''"'l, '«y'^>'d his own generation and to inaug mrtea" ew 
 era in the history of the Christian church, which, though but a cen urv dd 
 Inds fur o become to all preceding eras what preparatio'i is to fuH lmen7 ' 
 One hundred years ago, through misundersUnding of the Divine purposes 
 
 rr"mSd"anVfh'''^'^r^\'''''^^ ';^"«'*''""' ^'- «l""t "f obediLncTwas 
 [a Isti 1 C L ^"^''""' ^''7»<='^'l «l"wly. Nay, it seemed almost at a 
 
 standstill. Christians concerned themselves with their own callini; and election 
 astors conhned their interest to their own parishes, while tL KreT eadeis f 
 the , me entertained no thought of giving the (;ospel to the heathen Ac 
 hStl'J^r "'" 'l?'''"" <'.f .Foreign Missions was first broached net wTth 
 .ndifloreiice, downright opposition, was pronounced fanatical, heretical, bll« 
 
 abnoil"lt»i^*"/'i" now changed ; and so great is the transformation that one is 
 almost dazed at the sight that presents itself. For there is scarcely a Christian 
 organi/.atim. worth the name that has not some interest in the great work o^ 
 .ruiging ,he world to Christ ; that has not some representat ve Xoad and 
 that IS not ever pknning to extend its operations. A hundred societies ' w^th 
 eight thousand musionanes and forty thousand native heli.ers are at work in 
 every land, trans at.ng, teaching, preaching, baptizi.ig, foriSg churchos ai d 
 organizing Christian communities, while they are con^tantlTmcreasTnTth. ir 
 contributions, strengthening their f.-roes, and using every La is to Se ^^^^^^^ 
 Gosjjel to every creature. The watchword is "The w.nld for Christ " and 
 
 H^nf,; f ^''"'•<^1'^« '''•« presenting themselves for work in foreign inds 
 denominations are vying, ono with another, in s.ndiug out the best run S 
 forces, the whole church militant begins to' throb with a s ngle mXo to movt 
 with a single imi.ulse, live with a single motive-The w,,rldTir Christ nonr 
 own genoratmn Truly we are living in a grn-ul and awfu time when ex. ec 
 tationruns high, when simj.Ie men and women become hmr^ndw en 'ho 
 
 "iMs'thVirVrb''''; ":"" r """''""« ''°'"* •» '^ thousand helr'r "" 
 of thlvl- ' M ' • ^"' '""^''''y *•' "'*"''*° the rise, growth, and development 
 of the foreign Mission agencies in a single denomination on y but tlioZl, w,, 
 
 e'y^t ha"vnheT"'''"f'" '''' ""^"^ "' r'"«'« '^''--h of the ^hJi^ iln Clu re".! 
 «e yet have the honor of counting in that church ono who may fitly be called 
 
 Born at Paulerspury, Northamptonshire, Englan.l. August 17th 17([1 
 ' !■ ' •-•••• -»!!••!! iTiLijout T^nicn iittie can l)o acpomiiiiiihi<r{ hu 
 
I 
 
 " UAPTIST WOBK ,K HEATHEM LVNDS. 
 
 P""»'^ To this I owe everything. '■" '•'"''• ^ '^'*" t^^^^^^'^^e i" any definite 
 it in^nlt ::^,S:^-t- 1S3^^ endowed with 
 
 carce. Moreover, when he had bn entered hirt! ''"'T m^^rleot and books 
 shoemaker, and a shoemaker he co tinu^ ' 'ff""'J^« ^^«s apprentic.d to a 
 During his shoemaking days he nr se ,t! ,\ 1 "v"" ^« '"«' become a „as , 
 tHge but with fair success^ He^hl ] .^ '' f "'^•^•''' "^^'^» »t K'reat dl « " 
 
 u.Hbate,! during his lif^ h h^s b .Sst'T ^"'7^ "'''"^'^' ^^''^h co .k'i 
 garden, which was to him a great solun! "'"' ^"^ "''^■«^r forgot his I an 
 
 some seeds from England 1?^"^ an F; T .'If "^^'*«'""' ^^'er rec " 
 with his otlier Howers. His ioy oC ; *" ^,"^^''^ ^'''^^ ^hich had sprun./ m 
 single stanza ; ^"^ °^*''^ '^ was touching. We shall indulge hi 'a 
 
 "Thrice welcome little English flower ! 
 
 Of early scenes beloved by me 
 
 ^\Mo happy in my father's bow;r, 
 
 Ihou Shalt the bright memorial be 
 The fancy sports of infancy, 
 
 Souths golden ago and manhood's ..rin,« 
 Here country, kindred, friends- irthee' 
 Are mine in this far clime." 
 
 the Baptist church at Ohiey. and ^t f 't^ '^r '""• "« afterwards j.^i e 
 he '>jd preached on several'occasiot befSe ''''™' '"^''" '' ^I-'^"". tliough 
 
 Ca. l^^.^.^Stc/te:tS:S^.S? "'- -"^ ^^«"'- «'^.>e in 
 
 SfigSalrsr'^^^ 
 
 worked out the problem of the world 'si .?,n:t''"'"Tf ^"' '""'^'^'^ « chart a wl 
 labor, but he persevered m his task, and rachS the f 1.'"' '^"" "'"'='' ^""^ -^ 
 
 . ii-atnea the following results :* 
 Jews . . . . 
 
 Oreck Church 7,000,000 
 
 lioman Catholic "0,000,000 
 
 Pnitestants K)0,000,(H>0 
 
 Mahommedans 44, 000, 0(H) 
 
 Heathen . J.'iO,(X)0,000 
 
 ,, 4l'0,000,000 
 
 ♦Presentpomilation as followTT Je w7 7 000 nivTTi TT! — 
 
 1. r«--M)00; Hofttl.on, «:jr.,0uu,OOU. ^ "■' '••••-"^'^^i •Siahommedai.s, 
 
 i 
 
NDS. 
 
 BRITISH BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSIONS. 
 
 13 
 
 " a fall and consefiuent 
 St to climbing thosivme 
 ^- On one occasii)n he 
 ay be, remarked to his 
 It wo-th his while to 
 Mge of its correctness, 
 me justice. Anything 
 •severe in any definite 
 
 not been endowed with 
 iiown to-day. Though 
 
 master, his privileges 
 
 imperfect and books 
 e was apprentice d to a 
 
 had become a pastor, 
 ten at great disadvan- 
 tiire, which continued 
 ■er forgot his Iiulian 
 -asion, after receiving 
 
 which had .sprung up 
 Ve shall indulge in a 
 
 rime, 
 thee 
 
 passed through a 
 3 afterwards jcmied 
 Moulton, though 
 
 !it 
 
 ^ definite shajio in 
 und the world, and 
 'peoples which the 
 iiniself a chart, and 
 nun much time and 
 iig results :* 
 
 0,0(X) 
 0,(M)0 
 3,fM)0 
 
 Mm 
 
 MKK) 
 ),(X)0 
 
 clear there stood 
 
 ^nd will anyone 
 
 •luestions I How 
 
 : Ci]"'.''«'i, Hr.oiiO.. 
 ; Mahommedans, 
 
 came it, he questioned, that the world was in such a condition ; that so many 
 were without the Word of Life ; that even Christendom seemed to care little 
 for those perishing on distant shores? Were there set times in God's provi- 
 dence ? Was it by Divine decree which it was impious to question ? Or, was 
 there blame attaching somewhere ? 
 
 Long and anxiously — how anxiously few can know — he pondered the 
 (juestion, and finally concluded that Christians were at fault, and that the 
 Gosi)el must be preached to the heathen. Carey was but twenty-five, had no 
 college training, was filling an obscure position, and was altogether unknown 
 when he arrived at this conclusion. Ntir was this decision a light matter, for 
 with Carey to decide was to act, and in the teeth of action loomed up insuperable 
 diificulties. 
 
 We have seen that, in the setting up of the kingdom there must be co- 
 operation—that God works only as man co-operates. This second factor, man's 
 CO- operation, called for very especial emphasis at that time. When to-day 
 godly men give expression to such statements as this: "In some mysterious 
 way God has left the heathen to grope in darkness until the present century 1 " 
 it need be no niirvel that Christians, in Carey's time, left too much to be 
 explained by the Divine decree. There were hyper-Calvinists in those days 
 who (luestioned man's right to interfere. At an association, upon its being 
 projioaod that they discuss some profitable matter, Carey suggested that they 
 consider, " The duty of Christians to attempt to spread the gospel among the 
 heathen." The suggestion was a veritable thunderbt)lt. Many held their 
 breath at the very aidhxcitij of the proposition, while the elder Ryland springing 
 to his feet exclaimed with indignant emphasis, " Sit down, young man. When 
 God pleases to convert the heathen. He will do it without your aid or mine." 
 At still another meeting in a different denomination, a few years later, upon 
 the desirability of establishing a mission to the heathen being considered, some 
 maintained it to be highly preposterous. Whereupon the venerable John 
 Erskino rose and pointing to the Bible thrilled the assembly by calling : 
 " Moderator, rax me that Bible." The book was handed to him and he read 
 Paul's account of his reception by the heathen at Melita, declaring that Paul 
 must have preached to them the gospel ; and he read the passage in which the 
 apostle declares himself debtor to the Greeks and to the barbarians; but the 
 good man reasoned from the scriptures in vain, the majority thinking a mission 
 " highly inexpedient," so that no action resulted. 
 
 Though the missionary idea was working in a few minds, the multitude 
 were against action. "The time has not come," "It will be an interference 
 with Divine sovereignty," " It is preposterous and fanatical," and other e(iually 
 disheartening things were urged. But Carey had arrived at the truth, that "if 
 It be the duty of all men where the gospel comes to believe unt^ salvation, then 
 it was the duty of those who were entrusted with the gospel to endeavor to 
 make it known among all nations for the obedience of faith." 
 
 The truth worked in Carey's soul preparing him against the appointed 
 time. That time came at Nottingham, May, 1792, when he preached his great 
 missionary sermon. The text was Is. liv : 2, H, " Enlarge the place of thy tent 
 and let them stretch forth the curtains of thy habitations : spare not, lengthen 
 thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes ; for thou shalt break forth on the right 
 hand and on the left ; and thy seed shall inherit the (ientiles, and make the 
 desolate cities to be inhabited." After exidaining the text he proceeded to 
 establish and illustrate two great principles involved in it :— 
 
 I. Expect great thhuf^from Ond, 
 II. Attempt great things for God. 
 
 This sermon settled the question. It broke its way through all prejudices 
 
•4 
 
 "-".sr w„„K ,.v „,,,„,, ^^^^^ 
 
 was "- •'""-"'•"« ^«« held .. !.'„..... . '''"" ^« ^'^ P^e- 
 
 with 
 
 ,' "^o'uence. Affpr .... 1 — "-'"=^ were rorpfirl f„ t: -•"•>. »iJiise. i' iHir 
 
 they settled ftnXat SerL'^'^"«^^ ""'^ the e lutnce 'f "J'"" ** ^'^'^'^P^r . aco 
 
 "■^"c-s :^!ir- '°"" "•"■° ''^'» srr„s - 
 
 after their rem" vnlto ^l ^^' ''"^ '^''^t f<.undn an '"''"!'' ''' ^'^e adva, ce 
 appointed teacher in°tt'?'P*''-^' ^^^ich took ; Le j" I .'"^ ^Tr^- «''ortly 
 brought him £(J00 a "ear Ti'^'T'"' ^'^^ese arCarcri'^" ^'"*^' ^«^''>' ^^^ 
 hia salary was increas^ed to il^oo ^'L'^'^f^"'"'"'-''* to a , Jfess^^T^'''" ^'^'''h 
 iator in lH'>'i f„„ i^i x.ZoUU. JJe win ..i= . Proressorshin in i«n'- 
 
 £-W a year ' A , d Jh ^"^'■^"••™«»ce of w^il'^S^.f P"">ted S^^-*^"'' ?n tJani' 
 ^U qua'lified to ;?, , et ^^"^^'-« ^^^^ 'o CareJ^Sus: U?"^^''^ ^^ '^^^^^ 
 should have been ni, re?.i«„ "', "'*^"t e^'*^r comes ,n<-n*'''-'''° '"'*" "« '^^her so 
 ,^ere now in a posit ntsu'n'^ '.'''';!' ^''^ «<>">« So ';^\7.«,^«K"'tion, and none 
 n«ny " fears "^ and "-in.M l-^"> ^henisehes. But 3 "^ '^'^ missionaries 
 their proper Work and «^^''V ^^'^''^ expressed L«^/l''''r"'^ the case, for 
 nuinrntini that as he iad" fS'" ^^•'«- "p'» the recd!f, ^^^ ^.--'ed fr.^ 
 funds contributed by the 1.1 ', '^'"P'"3'>nent he wouM f f Carey's letter, 
 devoted to some other ^nr'^^ ■:"' his su,u,ort and" "" ""S"'' "eed the 
 "•«« sent to the m , „' rT'' V^ "^""^^ "^ '' ser LuTandS"^' ^'^'^^ ''^'^y he 
 wrote Carey in a distressed !' .''"''^ 'hem cruelly u "^^'^^tionate cautinn - 
 published in Benin a 'd Mr' *""' shall always b« '*"' ..'"^eed poor" 
 
 ■nmelves. Ti..... .l S''^. '"'y resource l.,ff ,.,..„ . " 
 
 printiiifr, 
 
 uij • -^ — -f'^-vi till 
 
 heS'n.2nsS:"'E J'''^r.V'''yresoun.^ ^'^« P"n^ae '"{ 
 
 the tract, «„d, in , artic2r f>" '"'' ** "'eniorial bef .r! fV ^^"■' ^'^ ^hich they 
 
 «c.iumal witj/the^ .'•,"''*;• f'-'^'Vehition to it S 1^''''""'' ''•^''^"'"'"g 
 
 It was also dul-iny iS: u^'iTT'^ 'h'"> wori ' '^'"^^ ^^'"^ "» honorablS 
 
 ' <^o»vcrts tvere mostly 
 
AXDS. 
 
 eglect. They wept, but 
 rey seized Fuller's hand 
 separate without dZt 
 •n imttee was appointed 
 or a mission to be pre- 
 
 ^'.1792, when a society 
 «f'gg, treasurer ; and 
 67;^""«%«f manage. 
 
 y «th, 179.'J, tlie tir<,t 
 surgeon, who had full 
 
 deJayaandnmohself- 
 d June 13, 1793. By 
 to experience all the 
 ew enterprise. Their 
 "Pon a cheaper place 
 "umerous hardshij.s, 
 Hides from Calcutta, 
 
 U'-Jng the first three 
 iissionaries was £->0O 
 niploynient by which 
 ;butetothead%ance- 
 ;o factory. Shortly 
 ^ry, 1800. Carey wal 
 \ ** position which 
 ofeasorship in 1807 
 
 government tran.s- 
 =eived an additional 
 -re was no ,jther so 
 ognition, and none 
 Ht the missionaries 
 18 not the case, for 
 
 be diverted from 
 
 of Carey's letter, 
 ' longer need the 
 'ti'igthat they be 
 ictionate cautinn " 
 "11 indeed i)0(,r - 
 ""til the Bible is * 
 o lurther instruc- 
 
 of the unfriendly 
 'iii'Ttunate tract 
 which, in 
 
 1, and 
 
 the i)urpiiso of 
 i". to which they 
 -rnor explaining 
 as an honorable 
 
 use and mi.sre- 
 fieview took the 
 called "a nest 
 I'ld religion ; " 
 fed, and exfir- 
 's Were mostly 
 
 BKITISH HAI'TIST f'OUKIGX MTSSION'S. 15 
 
 " beggars " and those that had "lost caste." India was in danger of being lo.st 
 through their rashness and every missionary should bj "recailed." Thus the 
 storm raged but the enemies of missions were not suffered to have it all their 
 own way. Andrew Fuller, Dr. Adam Clarke «nd others rendered good service 
 in their defence of the mission. The discussions closed with an article from 
 Southey : "These low-born and low-bred mechanics, as they are called,' ho 
 wrote, '^ have translated the whole Bible into Bengali, and have by this time 
 printed it. They are printing the New Testament in the Sanscrit, the Orissa, 
 Mahratta, Hindustani and (Juzurat ; they are translating it into Persic, .Selinga, 
 Karnala, Chinese, the language uf the Sikhs and of the Burmans. Only four- 
 teen years have elapsed since Thomas and Carey set foot in India ; in fourteen 
 years these low-born and low bred meclianics have done more towards spread- 
 ing the knowledge of the scriptures iimong the heathen than has been accom- 
 plished or even attempted l)y all the world beside." 
 
 But these things were less discouraging than the work itself. The natives 
 were difficult to aijjiroach, and by no means eager to receive the CJospel. In 
 the beginning of their work the missionaries' hopes ran high, but the iiKjuirers 
 proved in.sincere, and their ex[)ectations were not realized. "I feel often 
 tempted," was Carey's weary exclamation, " to preach so if I thought the hearts 
 of men were invulnerable." " I am almost grown callous by these contiimed 
 sights"; "I see their abominations and their ignorance, and I sometimes 
 think them to be past recovery." But, as it were encoura-.tig himself, "the 
 promise of (Jod will not, cannot fail, I will go on in His strength." Snme 
 Hindus asserted they had "never sinned." Others held that (iod was the 
 cause of sin, while still others defended their sins. Xono seemed ready to ac- 
 cept the Gospel. The Brahnians were loth to forego tlieir gain, the better 
 classes were concerned about their caste, while the j)oor were afraid of the 
 vengf>ance of their gods. 
 
 Yet the missionaries fainted not, but persevered in preaching the word and 
 at last saw the desire of their hearts realized. For, on the last Sunday of the 
 year 1.S00, seven years after Carey's landing in India, the lirst convert, Krishna 
 Pal, was baptized. Soon others folhjwed, so that by 1815 they had baptized 
 seven hundred converts. 
 
 But Carey's great work was tran.^lation. He excelled as a linguint, and 
 set to work up(jn a translation of tlie Bible into Bengali. Ward, who came 
 out m 17!t!», was his printer. So rajiidly did the work proceed, that by March, 
 1800, Ward placed the lirst sheets of the New Teatameiit in Carey's hands. 
 Early in the next year Carey carried the comi)leted New Testament into the 
 church and laid it reverently upon the Communion Table. Then all gathered 
 round ami gave thanks to (Jod. The wliole Bil)le was completed by 180!». Nor 
 did Carey's work end here ; what he had accomplished was merely a beginning. 
 He wrote several grammars, compiled dictionaries, translated works for the 
 Ctovernment, and superintended the translation of the Scriptures into 24 dif- 
 ferent lan^;uages. 
 
 His life was a busy one. Here is one of his days, and he is makiii- an 
 aiMilogy for not writing. " I rose this morning at a ipiarter before six, read a 
 chapter in th.' Hebrew l?il)le, and spent the time till seven in private addresses 
 to (Jod, and then attended family jirayer with the servants in Bengali. While 
 tea was getting ready, I read a little in Persian with a nuinshi who was waiting 
 when I left my bedroom ; and also before breakfast a jiortion of the Scripture 
 in Hindustani. The moment l)reakfa3t was over, sat down to the translation 
 of the Ramagana from Sanscrit, with a pundit, who was aLso waiting, and 
 continued this translation till ten o'clock, at which hour I wont to college, 
 and attended the duties there till between one and two o'clock. When I 
 returned homo I examined a proof-sheet of the Bengali translation of Jeremiah, 
 which t'->uk till dinner tinse. After dinner, traimlated, with iho assistance of 
 the chief pundit of the college, the greater part of the eighth chapter of St. 
 
16 
 
 il I 
 
 
 A 
 'owing 
 
 Matthew into s„ • "-'AIHEX laxds. 
 
 ««t clown anH/""^' ^^■'^^ "^'-■r and th. "^ * '^^«'"". and", T" t» «<^"ect a 
 
 CHAPTER FOURTH. 
 
 May 31, ir.. c • '^' ^'"^ -'^ ^— ,„or. 
 
 October 2 1792~fe « ^''^^^ sern.on. 
 MarcJi 20, 17»3-M^« -^^ organized. 
 June 13, irf.;Lfe'7.'<^3 designated. 
 We hn I ^^^issionarjes sailed 
 
 «'f the «oSt ''?^? g»-en an account e .u 
 
 s^^:£s:v--J;"^iH 'lr■^=-^'''iT-r- 
 
 go down.' aiid Mr. 
 
 I 
 
•AVDs. 
 
 K. 18^4. 
 
 THE BAPTIST MISSIOXARY SOCIETY, 
 
 17 
 
 are four niemor- 
 
 the nauguraUon 
 
 'nd leave all .ny 
 'f your undertak 
 ^'0, then, after 
 W after them, 
 
 ''« fold fro,u the 
 from the dreary 
 
 hfy^ty-' that 
 ne heathen and 
 
 8 wrote : " The 
 -e g.iing with a 
 ^ May the God 
 
 ^"'n'ty: Most 
 
 as' account we 
 ^ as the centre 
 W)u aaid Mr. 
 
 We 
 
 Carey, to his brethren, ' but remember that you must hold the ropes 
 Bok'iiinly engaged to do so ; nor, while we live, shall we desert him " 
 
 Right grandly did Andrew Fuller keep his pledge to "hold the roites " of 
 8Ui)port. For more than twenty years he continued in the closest intimacy 
 with the mission and contributed more than any half dozen other men to its 
 successful working. This strong and sure hand tided the infant Society 
 over many a difficulty. He never forgot the material interest of the mission 
 but canvassed the churches, traversing (^reat Britain again and a-^ain in his 
 advocacy of the cause. He was a i)rof(,und thinker, a ready debater, saw 
 readily into the most complicated matter and wielded a trenchant pen which 
 he ]iliod incessantly in behalf of missions. His missionary correspondence was 
 extraordinary for its amount and character, and it is said that his meetin"a 
 seemed "like si)ccimeiis from the midst of heaven by the angel in his tli"lit 
 wall the gospel in his hand." By his tremendous energy and burniiK' zeal he 
 surmounted every obstruction, succeeding, not only in awakening a" general 
 and widesin-ead interest in missions, but in wrenching from Parliament in 
 spite of special pleading, a decree of tolerance for missionary work in India 
 And before his death the spark, which he heljied Carey to strike, had kindled 
 into a great fire. There were seven hundred bajitized converts, ten thousand 
 children educated in mission scho(jls, and translations proceedin<» in twenty- 
 seven languages. On the 7th May, 1815, he ceased from his earthly toil, and 
 entered the jjresence of his Master. 
 
 But (Jon has other ways than through human agents of acconiiilishing His 
 )>m;poses. In the year 1812, a fire broke out in the printing ofMco at Serampore 
 w nch wrought a fearful destruction of buildings, machinery, and manuscripts! 
 Ihe labors of twelve years were destroyed in a few hours. In the ruin w'ere 
 touts of types for f(jurtcen eastern languages ; twelve hundred reams of pai)er • 
 many copies of scripture ready for distribution ; besides many manuscriiits 
 which months of hard and unremitting labor alone could replace When 
 tidings of this disaster reached England, Christian sympathy was at once 
 amused, and so freely did contributions How in, that the whole money loss was 
 made good within three months. The tire, in thus eliciting Christian syniDathv 
 t<ir the work, contributed mightily to its advancement. 
 
 n. ,^f*f%^""«'''»,^'''at'\ others filled his j.lace-Ryland, Hinton, Dyer, Angus, 
 Irestrail, I nderhill, and at present A. H. Baynes through whose efforts the 
 society has continued to prosper, extending its work and gradually addint; new 
 m|S8K)ns,n India Ceylon (1812), West Indies (1818), Euroj.e (1834), Africa 
 (184.J and 1879), China (18o'J), Japan (1879), and Palestine (1888). The n.is- 
 sion to Japan has recently been transferred to the American Baptist Missionary 
 I nion, while those to the West Indies and Europe do not properly come under 
 the head of Foreign Missions, and therefore will not be treated in this work 
 
 In 1840, the Bible Translation Society, an auxiliary of the mission, was 
 torined the object of which was the circulation of the scriptures in versions, 
 faithful to the original text. The Society has more than justified its existence, 
 Having printed and circulated, since its formation, more than 4.000,000 copies 
 of the scriptures at a cost exceeding £200,000. Rev. W. Hill, late secretary 
 ot the (general Baptist Missionary Society, is now the efficient secretary of the 
 Translation Society. •' 
 
 In 1842 the Society celebrated its Jubilee, raising a special fund for mis- 
 sion purposes of £33,704 0;;. 7*^/. 
 
 In 18(58 a "Ladies' Association for the 8ui)port of Bible women and 
 /.enana work, in connection with the (ieneral Society, was organized. Its 
 sjjhere of labor is m India, and it has under its direction fifty-three lady mis- 
 sionaries, and more than one hundred native female assistants. Its income for 
 the last year wa8^£(r)93 8s. 11,/., and expenditure £7(198 8». 11,/. 
 
 In 1891 the Soc-icty presenrcd its ninety-ninth annual report, showing an 
 nsToTlows"'" '""''*'^' "^ ■^"^■^^^' ^^'' ^''" '^''^ '"*'°""' ^'■o'"'^ the beginning is 
 
i8 
 
 liW'Tl.sr Wnuii 
 
 ^^ ilEATHES LAXD.S. 
 
 1852. 
 
 1802. 
 
 1872 
 
 1«82. 
 
 1891. 
 
 ■■■■i'j,nr,n y 
 
 ••••3 151 4 10 
 
 •••«il,834l4 4 
 
 •••<'.%() l(i 
 
 fi8,122l!J 
 
 17!)9 £ s. (I. 
 
 1802.' o .1'^ -'' 
 
 1812. T'^"'' i« 
 
 1822 4,8;,(J14 9 
 
 1832." |!f^lii4 .■• 
 
 1842.; i^'lf 7 8 
 
 ssra^ r^i ji:="S- s- - &-f - -^ - ,,..., 
 
 CHAPTER FIFTH. 
 
 JOHN THOMAS r •'—-■■". cav„,. 
 
 y most tnercifril r- 1 ^', '"^ exclaunei? '< if t u , . ^""s*^- " I wnnU • 
 
 p«M» ,„d ,a„„„„„ „ »■■" look <io„„ up„„i,t„*fi|", '!' „ 't?'"""!'"'" 
 
f'AXDS. 
 
 io.iicn 9 
 
 'fj'l^l 4 10 
 
 «^1,834 14 -4 
 
 <.%(5 1(5 
 
 <5«,1221<) 
 
 ^ tom^kean effort > 
 '"tun'nal meetings «ore 
 preached the n^issio^^ 
 r gave addresses up,.„ 
 ■a farewell misaionarv 
 ^t nigs are to be held [,^ 
 
 'ne during the century 
 
 ; two Baptist Mission- 
 fe..c.ety-the history 
 the Cxeneral Baj.tist 
 
 t3 missions in QHssa 
 • John G. Pike, Kev. 
 
 e society for the la.t 
 
 fc less than £250,000 
 
 ig the 7o years of its 
 
 ^*^„V\° Societies is 
 IS of which we shall 
 
 MISSIONS L\ INDIA AND Ct;YLU.\. 
 
 19 
 
 ng had been twice 
 
 attempts towards 
 
 ''"iguage he seems 
 
 gs was introduced 
 rovident, Thomas 
 We had a passion 
 ng millions about 
 i would give a 
 a Bengali Bible 
 these millions ' 
 louths with new 
 
 •St convert bap- 
 
 e that his mind 
 
 ihort time after, 
 
 The first accession to the new mission was John Fountain, who embarked 
 on one of the Company h ships booked as a servant, and who succeeded in en- 
 tering Indjo without attracting notice. 
 
 I" l",'":*.f""r."t'|ers arrived, Marshman, Ward, Brunsdon and firant. The 
 last named cded within three weeks after landing, and Brunsdon within twelve 
 months while fountain followed shortly after, thus leaving but three survivors 
 —the illustrious and immortal trio, Carey, Marshman, and Ward 
 
 Carey had been a shoemaker. Marshman a weaver, and Ward a printer 
 but the three were chosen men and once having come into contact lived and 
 abored to the end of their lives in the closest intimacy and the most nerfoct 
 harmony. ' 
 
 Marshman was a born educator, and upon his arrival in India opened two 
 boarding .schoo s one for boys the other for girls. In the working of these his 
 wife, a cultured lady, rendered him invaluable aid. These schools at once be- 
 came popular and netted their proprietors an income of £3bO yearly. In curse 
 of time native schools were started, and when the missionaries came to feel the 
 need of trained helpers it was Marshman who worked out the plan of the Ser- 
 ampore Co lege, the buildings for which alone cost £15,000. He was also the 
 leader in all controversial matters, whether in India or in England, ami his 
 writings have been called " a model of clear and dispassionate statement." But 
 he great work of his life was his translation of the scriptures into the Chinese 
 language to which he devoted eighteen years of close and unremitting toil. 
 Carey s death in 1834 left him the sole survivor of the trio. His health how- 
 ever, was much impaired, so that he survived his great colleague by three years 
 only, entering into rest in 1837. => J' .> "■'=> 
 
 Ward, who had died fifteen years earlier, also displayed remarkable talent. 
 ^"^?u'l'^' J"'^ ** ^\ associate in the missionary enterprise. He spoke Ben.'ali 
 with the fluency and ease of a native and learned to appreciate and apprize na- 
 tive character better even than either of his brethren. Besides having cbar.'e 
 of the printing establishment with its nineteen presses, he contributed in many 
 other ways to the successful working of the mission. He has left behind a 
 book on devoti.m a volume of letters, and a scholarly work on the History 
 Literature and Mythology of the Hindus. He died of chr.lera in March I.Sl>3 
 
 Ihe aerampore missionaries had a common treasury into which all their 
 earnings went^and out <,f which they drew what they needed for their imme- 
 diate wants, the balance being devoted to the support of widows and orphans 
 and the work of the mission. They considered themselves a single familv and 
 drew up an agreement by which they were to m.-del their lives. We aivo the 
 closing paragraph : ^ 
 
 '' ^'"^'ly,'" .they pledge themselves, "let us give ourselves up unreserv- 
 edly to this glorious cause. Let us never think that our time, <nir gifts, our 
 strength, our fami les <.r even the clothes we wear, are our own. Let us sanc- 
 tify them all to God and His cause. Oh ! that He may sanctify us for His 
 work Let us forever shut out the idea of laying up a dowry for ourselv. s or 
 our children. If we give up the resolution which was formed on the subject of 
 private trade when we farst united at Serampore, the missi<m is from th.at hour 
 a lost cause. A xyorldly spirit, quarrels, and every evil work will succeed the 
 moment It is admitted that each brother may do something on his own account. 
 Woe to that man who shall ever make the smallest movement towards su h a 
 
 Ill the meantime others had joined the mission. Felix Carey ami John 
 Chambers in 180? ; Rowe, Moor, Marden. and Biss in 1805 ; Robinson an 
 Fernande. ,n 180(, ; William Carey in 1807 ; Aratoon in 180!) ; seven others in 
 
 MarshnJln-: dTath. '" '''' ' ""' ''''''■'''' ""'''' ''^^^°''" '"^'^ ^^^ ^'^ ^r. 
 New stations were opened, so that by the year 1813 work was progressing 
 Lhvr'{nf«iTH^'"P''. ^"'^*i?bad was occupied in 1814; Dacca and Mon- 
 ghyr in 181b ; Howrah, >.ewry, Benares, and Delhi in 1818. 
 
HAPTJST WoiiK 
 
 I.V 
 
 J-"?'!^-^''! "n the Sa, «■, 
 
 il H,e ni:, :,i^^f:. ^ - "n'luestioij;./^' "H"!-!' «» the hLa; 
 
 iiuss on fipi,! V T* , ^'^'*fc""ied nt Dt»Ih; i, • , -"i-i\ay 
 
 of the insurgents! ■''exe;ptToM;: l" ^'^^^^^'^'^'^'-^-'ed^K^f'th' "' '''^ '''«""f«- 
 r '1 prayer and kneelino-T ^ ^^'''^ "i Praver " Ho iu *^"'^ "t'ar approach 
 
 5!|;'" before this by' "hf t""d ''^^A ',' ^^ ^^-rmany^./^TTv^'''^''^'''^ ^'^ «y 
 Thou d.dst givo thfn, trtc'i'h.M'^^'!""-^,'-" ^''"'fire ^o/l^^? «„^- beej 
 
 ■ ft, " "fe. 
 
 r,! . <JWd, wr h.-re 
 ,,' ' '' IS With fir OSS 
 . .T'^-™'""*' death 
 ""■ "•"'■ Oh .■ help Tto 
 
 ' -hr,™ ;,„„•,, i^°»Sk' jour f,i.,, „ j^, Ei» ="»»r««ed her, 4i.» 
 
 • " the children are killed 
 
A\J).s. 
 e to the i.erfoctin„ of 
 
 'TO, except that nf the 
 '« «h,ef centre of the 
 
 ascertained n,.»v, thrr. 
 
 mera ot the mission - 
 -d^.^seet,,e.,„bi,ee. 
 
 the human lieart, are 
 
 ''ffe'reaterhopet;,r 
 years ago, when n.aa- 
 l^'f t of their energy 
 ed. and thougli the 
 
 'there broke out the 
 
 ;tory of that terrible 
 
 arms against their 
 
 ^r fortified places 
 'er number that fell 
 acterized the nuiti- 
 venof theE„,,„3h 
 the Rev. J. McKay 
 
 ; short time in the 
 
 <|u.ck]y mastered 
 
 ■ "rk which i,e had 
 
 sefulness, but the 
 
 •e'r attachment to 
 t-' tiv for his life, 
 the near api.roach 
 athered his family 
 ^>eople have been 
 ^hy name's sake. 
 OLord, wr h,M-e 
 '3 with fir . .,,«8. 
 
 ' nV^? ^he death, 
 , Oh ! help us to 
 
 ." See that what- 
 [m, you will be 
 'eny Christ." 
 ed her, saying, 
 |er than mine, 
 forted. Know 
 ' your keeper, 
 taken care of 
 ciren are killed 
 
 I 
 
 MISSION'S IN IX1)I.\ AND CKYLON. 
 
 21 
 
 sepoy, 
 
 a Christian 
 
 Tlie brutal 
 
 rly severing 
 
 words, anil 
 
 '• and coui- 
 
 before your face, oh I tlien take care you do not deny Him who died for us. 
 This is my la.st charge, and God help you." 
 
 The insurgents had by this time e);'ured his dwelling and agan to pre^.i 
 upon him the Moslem confession of faith. Failing to otfect their purpose, thev 
 discharged their pieces at him. In deadly fright, the children tied to a native 
 jtrince who was well-disposed to the Christian faith. The troopers again [iresseil 
 the evangelist to abandcm his faith, but his reply was, " I was atone time blind, 
 but now I see. God mercifully opened my eyes, and I liavo found a refuge in 
 Christ. I am a Christian, and I am resolved to live and die a Christian." 
 
 At this juncture the troopers spied some flying Europeans — a more desir- 
 able prey, and at once rushed out after them. 
 
 Later the tivangelist was again seized, beaten and derided. " Now preach 
 Christ t(» us. Now, where is the Ciirist in whom you trust ! Rejieat the 
 Kulma, repeat the Kulma 1 " " No," was his tirni rei)ly, " I never will. My 
 8avi(jur took up His cross and went to (Jod. 1 take up my life as a cross, and 
 will follow Him to heaven." The Mussulmans were now joined by a 
 who asked what all this was about. " Here we have a devil > f 
 who will not recant," was the response. "Do you kill him.' 
 sepoy, only too ready to comply, struck him a slashing blow, m- 
 his head from his body. "O Jesus receive my soul," were his law 
 ho fell a martyr to his faith before the eves of his l)eloved partm 
 pani(jn in tribulation. 
 
 The communicants at the close of the third (juarterf^f thecentur\ umnbered 
 2,300. But just what work, faith and i)rayer these numbers rep -sent, the 
 reader will not easily understand. Like the foundation of a house, a reat deal 
 of work does not appear. The people of India have been described 1) a great 
 authority, as "the most conservative, unchangeable, caste-bound, e elusive, 
 inaccessible, incomprehensible, impassive race of men under the sun with a 
 religion of their own, of which they arc devoted adherents, the most subtle, 
 Protean, entangling, enslaving fibrin of belief and practice ever invented by 
 the human mind." And for a typical Hindu to break from his conservative, 
 caste-bound, intolerant race, " re(|uirc8," says a missionary, "the faith (f an 
 Abraham, the obedience of a Moses, the heroism of an P^lijah, the uiu: rthli- 
 ness of a John the Baptist, the self-saorifice of a Paul, and the overwhelming 
 affection of the apostle of Patmos, all in <))ie." 
 
 But notwithstanding this disheartening descrii)tion — and we think i not 
 at all over-drawn — faithful and persistent work continued through a ceh ury, 
 through three generations, must effect many and far-reaching transformat ms. 
 And such has been the result. For not only have many hide-bound 'elief.^ iiid 
 customs been discarded, while not a few more are in the process of disintt ra- 
 tion, and other and better feelings towards Christianit;y have arisen ; but he 
 entire thought of the native has been changed. And they who are best enti -id 
 to a hearing, claim that missions have had no little share in producing this res it. 
 Thus the movem.ent originated by William Carey, has come down through a 
 hundred years, increasing in volume and velocity, until it now promises :o 
 sweep away everything before it. But we must proceed with our narrative, 
 and justify these statements. 
 
 When Dr. Wenger died i.i 1880, another worker, Mr. Rouse, stepped into 
 the vacant place, and has continued his work, proving himself a worthy suc- 
 cessor to the great linguist. 
 
 There are two native churches in Calcutta, one at Intally, with a member 
 ship of 123 ; the other at Colinga, with a membership of 30. Both of these 
 are self-supporting, aggressive churches, presided over by native pastors. 
 
 There are also two English Baptist churches, which not only care for their 
 own class, but prosecute successful work among tlie natives of the city. Mr. 
 Hook is the pastor of the Laii Bazar church ; hn !ii pastor for a dozen years, 
 and gives many intensely interesting accounts ot stantly recurring conver- 
 
22 
 
 
 hush n-n'tsflf ;. ^ • ^^ »«8 the hnnl 'V ' "^^ syoincd to m, \ ,'* '''i'I''e 
 
 t(>f> ll(.uvil,, I 1 ^1""-<I, 1 on Ul-I. <.!■» il , i"'Vt'U ill Illy 
 
 'I'^ve ,r„"e ,^;;i*''''^' «« the wor.ls f,. '*^. "''f''- '"'^hcnl their tl/r "f^ "^"'"y. «" 
 l«i'I "t Hi,, H^' "•^' '"'ve tunie.l evL'" '*''''''« 're.nWir '"I'^i «"<' turned to 
 the Btars tint tr'''/''^^ "^ »« '*' ' And"'/h I" '"^ "^^•'' W"y , ,Uh ^'^ ^''^'^P 
 
 c..Mti,u,^d''?^/i'-°'r' ''« o<ruU„t '''>'«''•'»•" himcw''''f' '-^Hi'xlu 
 lend t Chn^t r^': ['"" "'' ^u ch [f^"""' ''« f"un I that , "' ''" '"'^' "«ver 
 
 ""vv CI rist ,u i" '""' fhiu^hters th 1 ?' ',""' ""^he 8ee„,s t?, ,.! "V" """^''t t- 
 
 ^ '"*^ '"'^'^. »»rf "Uo thi« 
 
LANDS. 
 ^"''^ g-"g on, not only 
 
 Si^;:;:: ;;:;'- --- 
 
 g^ute,,„3, Wi.en 
 -""i't, and r „„Mk 
 
 '"d I prayed in niy 
 
 ■or every man. !«„, 
 
 ' '"y very bein.' so 
 '^ 'jl «"'l turned to 
 ^^",^f like shoe 
 
 urned „,y f«,^ ^o 
 
 "^'J tl'e darkni-ss 
 
 '1'] 'fs .Saviour 
 
 ""•^ I^^^J't t].e light 
 
 'e and said, 'Are 
 ^'•J'f. •AHi,.f: 
 ■ «« I'e had never 
 """1 again.' n^ 
 
 '."t'lo Kingdom 
 7'" Visit, and if 
 
 ."""»••' I met 
 
 '"'"•ere 'buried 
 
 '"." be folJowiuj, 
 
 '"to thy fold, 
 
 "i' "liich, fr,„„ 
 
 '- '"'o stationed 
 "iniunify, j\jp 
 
 "' "lo district; 
 
 "•I*- TJiere is 
 
 »»d into thid 
 
 MISSIONS IN I\I)I.\ AND CEYLON. 
 
 23 
 
 Mr. Hay finds no difficulty in satlieriiif,' a good audience of students, of whom 
 there are six or seven thousand in the place. Houris every day are eini)loyed 
 ill Bible reading and conversation with students and other educated men .some 
 <.f whom have manifested unusual interest. One who liad first read Luke's 
 (iospel, and then John's (i.ispel, expressed his feelings thus: "In readiiiL' 
 Luke I fell the beauty of the character of Jesus so much that I resolved to iiut 
 the book into free Bengali, that my fricn.ls might read and profit liy it, but as 
 I have gone through John's (Jospel the feeling lias grown upon me that 1 could 
 not hold the pen in presence of such a character." 
 
 Another acknowledged that the study of the Bible and prayer with the 
 missionary had much shaken, and very nearly removed, his Brahmic notions of 
 Christ. " I see, ' said he, "that He is not only a man ; that there is a ' some- 
 tiiiut;' m Hiiu higher and other than His perfect humanity. That 'soniethiiK' ' 
 puzzles me. It presents itself to my intellect as Deity, but my perception of 
 it as such 18 not as yet constant. Pray for mo that I may approach Christ 
 stripjied of all prejudice by way of faith." 
 
 Still another in rei'ding Luke's story was so struck and overc«mie by flu- 
 prayer of Christ for His murderers that he exclaimed, "Tliis is not man '• this 
 must 1)0 tJod. And this is the (iod that I need-one who will fondve even to 
 the uttermost. This is my Saviour ; I will trust llim." And the y.uin.' man 
 did trust through groat persecution and triah Thus silently but surely Is the 
 leaven workiii" 
 
 At Serampore the college has (piitc recontly (188:5) been converted into a 
 training institution for native workers. This idea was prominent in Carey's 
 inind, who believed that India's regeneration must bo brought about throu<'h 
 India's own sons, but the college work in time came to overshadow everything 
 else. This, however, seemed a ijuestionable go<id, so that the college has been 
 remodelled. Rev. E. S. Simmers, B.A., is the present principal. The last 
 year (18«I0) closed with fifty hoys in the boarding school and ten students in the 
 theological class. 
 
 North -oast from Calcutta in Jossuro, Jhinida, and Khoolna a very successful 
 work IS being carried on by Messrs. Tregillus, Duffadar, and Dutt. The last 
 named is a native missionary, and ho has instituted a Christian mda to which 
 great numbers from the surrounding villages congregate, so that an excellent 
 oi)portmiity 18 afforded for preaching the (iospel. The same indefatigable 
 niia.sionary has also a trained i)aiul of singers who go from village to village 
 publishing the good tidings by their thrilling songs. There are about two 
 hundred native communicants in the district. 
 
 Still further oast in Barisal, Madariporo and Furreedpore, a still greater 
 work IS being carried on by Messrs. Spurgeon, James, and others. There are 
 more than two thousand native Christians in the district, gathered into well- 
 organized churches, nearly all of which are self-supporting and aggressive. 
 
 Still further east are Myinonsingh, Comillah, and Chittagoiig mission 
 stations, at which-and also at Furreedpore -labor missionaries from Ausfra- 
 lasian colonies. The colonial churches have formed Baptist Foreign Missionary 
 organizations in South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, (..Mieonsland, Now 
 /ealand and Tasmania, and are sending out and suiiporting their own 
 missionaries. 
 
 In the villages to the south of Calcutta, an interesting and aggressive work 
 IS being carried on by Messrs. Anderson and Biswas, who have more than four 
 hundred Christians under thoir care. 
 
 Tuniinji now in another direction, we reach Soory on the CJanges, 120 
 miles north-east from Calcutta, where there are 57 Christians ; Monghyr, lliO 
 niilos further on, where there are 40 Christians, ami I'atiia. still further on, 
 with f)H Christiaim. Then passing Benares and Allahaliad. stations abandoned 
 i)y Uio Society for the purpose of coiisoluiating their work, we reach, first, Agra 
 with f)7 Christians, then Delhi, with \>m, and, last of all, Simla, with ^(80 
 Christiaiii. 
 
fW 
 
 H 
 
 B.APT/.ST WORK- TV , 
 
 ««'^ ^-V HEATHEN L.x,,,. 
 
 '"'"•e Jiave onJv 1? ''<'l't»;ofI tiuri,,,, Vh ^"""^^ "'' the work I ** "^^' J'*^" 
 i"3"rnK,u,uS^ t^:" rcstrHiue.! fr ?, .fj;^., 'i'^^ 25 ye.ws. , ,V Ji^^''^'-; tell us 
 
 J'U'ro is atjii ,i ■"■ — 
 
 ^^''^flsof .laifLroiilfh" "^«"ftee burned wl ',"''''"•>' '-^^'"turi.i "'' ^'>"t 
 
 »""' .Ill, ,.!",,'" » i'r.-.f ..f N,e ,',,';' ;'i''^ '<•> i'« ;„c,,„;,° «"r'' "'"'" 
 
 - ^"^«> Kcc«iy recognizing 
 
 I 
 
\t've he) pe f "T^j^'^'V ^')5 
 '^"fc 'lew nmn 1 "* '^'^"'•^•'i 
 
 e pf'SsibiJities ,ff "''''» 
 
 f the vvurk hn ^ "''''' ^'^'-^ 
 
 ^^« ^-"ovv tha[ tse ";r^ 
 ,«--t ".ultitude to f Ho v" 
 
 MISSIONS IN INDIA AND CEYLON. 
 
 25 
 
 ' teJJ-a st,„.y in^rg ^j^,^^^ 
 
 '"'« known tho „-,i„ ;; 
 t'lo ear, aiui tfrieve., 
 
 . «'"»o Ka,n,,ton and 
 
 Of on huaia.sni, and 
 
 l^r^^-'-'ird characters 
 
 ^''; «;-t guru, ;s 
 
 racts hua obtained 
 
 ''i t'"« Kurn ,vas 
 
 '"' f"^ ho prcftclu,! 
 
 f The Ten Con,. 
 
 ;■''»■« of the JittJo 
 t-d. however, ivit|, 
 
 "•"I'hited a wider 
 ho now teachin;/ 
 ■'"C8 inihinderecT 
 "'■^fs of the ne; 
 
 "*8t resource, to 
 
 CO. 
 
 things unfolded 
 -nly recognizinij 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 the excellency of Now Testament teaching, exclaimed : "My children, here is 
 the tru:h, the great truth. There are gifts of rice, of clothing, and of wisdom 
 This 18 wisd.mi, the highest gift; rice decays, clothing perishes, but wisdom 
 never dies. Take this, my children, and let it be your guide ; all the silver 
 and gold in the world cannot purchase this." 
 
 Tho children heeded his teaching and that of a greater than the guru even 
 the Lord Jesus, and liecame humble followers of the Nazarene. But the guru 
 unwilling to lay aside his stati' and acknowledge himself a learner, drew back' 
 attempting to retain his following by announcing himself an incarnation of 
 Jesus and by appointing twelve disciples after the example of Christ. But Iiis 
 teaclnng had lost its magic, for it no longer drew obedient discii)les after him. 
 Yet he persisted in his strange course denouncing idolatry and teachiix' a 
 spiritual worship. But he never went beyond this, never became a Christian, 
 and died 111 April, IH.'W. In accord with his own injunction, his body was not 
 burned m the house where he had taught. His grave still exists, but the 
 place 18 now a wild and jungly spot. Legends soon sprang up so that many of 
 the heathen came to believe there was virtue in the place, claiming that miracles 
 were performed there. 
 
 The disciples were wiser than their master, and of these we shall now 
 proceed to give a brief account. 
 
 The first to break away from the old teaching and to accept Christ was 
 (.ungaDhor a higii caste Brahman. Ho had been chief reader amcm.' tho 
 disciples, and had been most active in spreading the Ten Commandments. It 
 was a sore trial for tho high caste man to turn away from his old master, from 
 his friends and family, and to forego all worldly prospects, while porsecuiion 
 loomed up before him, but he proved superior to his surroundings and profes.sed 
 Christ in baptism, March 2;(rd, IHL'8. He became a zealous advocate of the 
 faitli, preaching the gospel with telling efi'ect through the entire region over 
 which he had earned his earlier doctrine. He died, aged seventy-three, in 
 November, 18<i(>. o .; . 
 
 The next disciple to leave his master was Rama Chundra, a man of proijerty 
 and position. But at the command of his guru he had given away his goods 
 to the poor. He proved a genuine convert, jjroached the new faith and 
 mightily recommended the new religion. 
 
 A third disciple followed, breaking through all tho restraints of idolatry 
 and caste, but only after a struggle of Hvo years. The break then became 
 general. Many more followed, both men and women. < »ne of the latter, uixm 
 being asked what were her feelings toward the Lord Jesus Christ, answered, 
 with glistening eyes and strong feeling : "Oh, that name '. it is sweet to me as 
 the «)pening of a most delicious fruit ; it yields a sweet perfume." 
 
 The first Christian marriage, which was that of a widower of tiiirty to a 
 blooming bride of sixteen, was celebrated November L'Oth, 1832. 
 
 The (irst orphan asylums were established at Cuttack in 18;?(i, and the 
 mission press two years later. 
 
 As wo have seen, Mr. Bampton and Mr. Poggs wore the first missionaries 
 of the society. Mr. Bampton was ordained at Loughborough, May 15. 1H19 
 and Mr IVggsat Wisbech a few days later. Mr. Ward, of Sorami. .re, was 
 then in hngland, and wn.ie to the secretary that lie would bo very glad of tho 
 company of the missionaries to India, and that he would assist them in tho 
 voyage in Be.igaleo. The mi8si<,nary band, in company with Mr. Ward and 
 Mrs. Marshinan, sailed May 28th. and arrived at Madras September 2Uh and 
 at Serampore November lotii. Tlieir lield of work was t.. bo one of the follow- 
 uig. Assam, Punjab, Central Hindustan, or one of the great Eastern Islands. 
 Iho tirst was considered by the committeo to bo tho most eligible, tho last the 
 least advisable. But none of these places was cliosen. f<.r Assam was in an 
 unsetfieu nhifce. whiio other rortsonH prevented the choice of either of tho 
 remaining places, and thus it came about that Orissa was selected, and thither 
 
26 
 
 BAPTIST Wonv r 
 
 '"e missionaries in j '-^-^US. 
 
 ;i"arreJson,e oZ^Za^L"' '^'' '"' W o f'T/ '"^^'"'""^^tie T "'^ ^"'^' ^ 
 i^'ie J)lace. Anrl f\ "^"'^ constant,/ V ''^^''^cities a^ p ^^^'gunent *},„! 
 authorities a ^"''^ serious diffv^!-^ *-''" 'jroiJed i,, , , ^'^'^'"Vore-JLT 
 
 . ",' J:'!™""^.. dur/nf *u,r ™e ;.«<le ..„.„„ __ ''•"' ""■""■> before 
 
 preacher 'I'jI,^"'^"'^ "f Him/'^^r^^'^ °f it ; but I d,t/"" ''^J*^i"3l'* 
 .ati ^"^ "- - sun. u, ; " ^'''" '^« '"^ SX i'£4S: 
 
 """"'y ^{ ^,m soul;"""' '"-''"^'»''«. 
 
 •'^nneotion wfth" ho"S", ""^ '^«Kun in ih,o , 
 
 "'• -^roii, tjnio to 
 
'ny when one u ^ 
 r'^ it H-as^t,^,'' before 
 
 w oe removed ru 
 
 -r'shed, for '^ T °^ 
 1 tha^ I, , ''*^ eye 
 
 Pf '„ '" famine. " 
 fteen years in buil,) 
 
 lunen^ ^" be in a 
 
 ^'Ji come when not 
 
 ■"fn the inHoodim, 
 t'«J> niissionarie? 
 
 !"**'''« heavy Tr', 
 
 '^^0 great events 
 ^«"'«J attacked a 
 
 ;!it to hear about 
 exclaimed the 
 
 . ''"Wy, "if you 
 'J'es, and ,,erse- 
 =o,„e reproach, 
 ® died ^or ou; 
 
 ""t present 20 
 -7 any school 
 '"'"' scholars, 
 
 MISSIONS IN INDIA AND CEYLON. 
 
 27 
 
 Ume other missionaries were sent out, so that the mission has been continued 
 
 vears-tt TtiTT ""'" *^"^ ''''''''' >'°''^' '^•'''' -'"ch makes four score 
 Tri M .i "^- °^ ni''^"-since its inception. At no time durin<. this Ions 
 
 ^iiifJzti zzt: '^•^" ''''""''' '"'^""«^' -^^ ^^-'^^-^ ^h« -^ -^^^ p- 
 
 Sociei'v^i,f^l8^^n''r^''"',,"\'''V';"',°^ inspection of the Eastern missions of the 
 feociety in 18.j0, remarked of Ceylon, " I saw enough to lill mv heart with 
 gratitude, and to urge the society onward in the work of the Lo d I ^S 
 not^prepared for the gratifying scenes that burst upon me in my vfsit to Z 
 
 In 1873, there were 19 Baptist churches with a membership of O-ti 
 nan.S owT '^''''°"' '''^- P^'^n^bo, Kundy, and Ratnapura. The last 
 lu wl H 'k bo«;ever, is without a resident missi.,nary. The European 
 Baptist church at Cinnamon Gardens, in Colombo, is in a flourishimr coSm 
 bemg not only self-supporting, but interested in native work ThV eiS 
 8hi,, of the church is If.O. In the native work there are 3 missionaries ''2 
 native preachers, 56 day school teachers, 3,370 pupiiran 924 comZ icantf 
 
 1 he leaven is thus working, and the followers of Buddha no on" er look 
 with conte,n,,t on the exertions of the missionaries, but feel compel led U, e ter 
 
 .rrero?acorrT""-' a';"^'*^' '""'^^ y.?*^ ^"^« "I^ Buddhism rledou 
 priests ot a convert. A few years ago," was the reply, " I felt that I was a 
 
 TrdiSn ofthrin^^""r.^" ^"f 'T' "^"^ without' si'ccessisougftii,: 
 my hear to Jesus InH '^''' ^ ^"""'^•^^ '"^ T^ ^''tisfaction, and surrendered 
 uifderstanding.- ' "^ "" """' '^"J^^''^^ *^« i''^'' ^' ^'^d which passeth 
 
 there^ar?iil hflf/'iso'" .^"««'*' > ^e^igal, and in the North West Provinces, 
 
 " \h'^''''^rll!lf "Z^^T ^""^ thousand converts? perchance some one may ask 
 
 4fln;;. "^Y \^'' ^V'^'' "^ ^be Baptist Missionary Society, " Aero Js the 
 
 HeH •atp'' "'^l,""^''^'^'""'^''?,''^''^ ^•""^^^'i "1' Long Island^'Sound-^al ed 
 
 fearVwhilTlThWr" "^'' """'r "^1"""'^^ ^«^*^ «""k during twe^^y Tve 
 years, while faithless ones pointed to p es of debris and a few derricks Rtid 
 
 E n'rlnS' 7''"",?"' ''^ 7""''' *'""«• I^"*^ nieantimeeiljneers had 'been 
 S'm ft'el Jotor'InfTlf- ""'^ *"»"«""'«. «»d ramming tons upon tons o" 
 bn fn A^ u ',^* '^'^ "^"y *"*^ tbat, and one day a little girl touched a 
 
 cO Sot'S-'' '"''' "^ ■'"''' "^ •'^^^'l ''"'^ ^battered, a.fd the channel 
 and tunn«^ n^ India, missionaries and Christian workers have been seaming 
 dynamite of tT« ' alse customs, and false beliefs, and crowding in the 
 
 S 8 melt . **^^^'"'' Z^\'^ •" ,"l" l*"^'''" '"• <'"""""'^ "f «od unto salvation, 
 StZ^S "^m'/'k"^''^''''^/'* '^""'^ ^'" touch the button of opportunity 
 o iS- "wh chTa-rj be torn from their age-old beds, and shivered to atom^ 
 nowbuUdhLo.T//H '' 1^^ '"''' tbe temple which God is oven 
 
 now ouiiaii.g on Indian soil for His habitation through the spirit." 
 
 o labored in 
 '■o'" time to 
 
28 
 
 DAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 CHAPTER SIXTH. 
 
 AFRICA. 
 
 I. THE CAMEROON S. 
 
 IN the year 1840 the committee of the Baptist Missionary Society sent out 
 two missionaries to explore, and report upon the advisability of establishing 
 a mission in West Africa. The exploring party fixed upon Fernando Po, an 
 island near the equator, and just opposite the mouth of the Cameroons river. 
 Hither, accordingly, missionaries were sent, among the earliest of whom was 
 Alfred Saker, connected with the mission for thirty-six years. But the mis- 
 sionaries, in settling at Fernando Po, had counted without their host, for in 
 1843, 184(), and 1S58, the Spanish Government in pursuance of its claim to the 
 sovereignty of the island, sent priests to stay the heresy and to establish the 
 true church. In the last menti(3ned year a decree was promulgated prohibiting 
 all other forms of the Christian religion and the mission was, in consetjuence, 
 transferred to the mainland. On the shores of Amboise's Bay, at the foot of 
 the great mountains of Cameroons a colony, called Victoria, was formed, whither 
 came many of the Christians from Fernando I'o. Twenty miles up Cameroons 
 river, at King A'Kwa's town, a station was opened among the Cameroons peo- 
 ple where the work at once took root and grew. Mr. Saker gives an interest- 
 ing account of his settlement among these people. We follow Mr. Saker's 
 narracivo. 
 
 The condition of the natives was almost beyond description. A book they 
 had not seen ; the commonest imidements of husbandry and tools of all kinds 
 were unknown. Mr. Saker had taken with him tools to make his own dwelling. 
 These at once attracted attention and soon several young men had learned the 
 use of the various tools. He taught them to cut their large trees into timber, 
 supplying saws and aiding them in the sawing until they could do it alone. He 
 introduced imi)lements of husbandry, such as the hoe, rake, and spade. He 
 also introduced seeds and planted a plot of ground as an example. The natives 
 were (juick in learning and in the course of time exjjerienced. no ditticulty in 
 raising sullicient produce to meet their own wants. At Mr. Saker's first settle- 
 ment among them, the total produce did not exceed three months' consumption, 
 thus leaving a largo margin of the year unprovided for, which meant semi- 
 starvation. 
 
 In the beginning the missionary lent everything needed— spades, hammers, 
 nails, hinges, locks, screws, and whatnot ; and for a long time this lending was 
 no better than giving, thus causing a heavy drain on the missionary's too meagre 
 purse. " Indeed," he says, " my circumstances were for a long time on a level 
 with the natives' ; our food was nearly the same, but we were clothed and they 
 were not." 
 
 In tliis pioneering work tlie missionary had to endure many hardslups. His 
 first dwelling was a native hut ; but, his liealth failing, he attempted to build 
 something better, and succeeded in getting up a frame house. Afterwards he 
 managed to make bricks, and by slow degrees built a mission-house, chapel, and 
 school-house. 
 
 The missionary also experienced great difficulty in acquiring the language. 
 There were no books existing to assist him, anil the natives from whom he tried 
 to learn the language were suspicious of his motives, and, purposely, often gave 
 him wrnni/ words and wroni/ meanings. By dint, however, of perseverance and 
 hard work he succeeded so well that he not only accphred tluent speech in the 
 language, but also translated the Bible into the now tongue. 
 
THE CAMKllOONS. 
 
 29 
 
 3ty fsent out 
 establishing 
 mdo Po, an 
 eroons river, 
 f whom was 
 But the mis- 
 host, for in 
 claim to the 
 jstablish the 
 i prohibiting 
 ;onaequence, 
 : the foot of 
 ned, whither 
 1 Cam eroons 
 neroona peo- 
 1 an interest- 
 Mr. Saker'a 
 
 A book they 
 
 1 of all kinds 
 
 wn dwelling. 
 
 I learned the 
 
 into timber, 
 
 it alone. He 
 
 spade. He 
 
 The natives 
 
 dirtioulty in 
 
 8 first settle- 
 
 ionsumption, 
 
 meant semi- 
 
 88, hammers, 
 lending was 
 's too meagre 
 no on a level 
 hed and they 
 
 rdshipa. Ilia 
 )tod to build 
 ftorwards ho 
 , chapel, and 
 
 he language, 
 horn he tried 
 y, often gave 
 overanco and 
 ipeech in the 
 
 Other workers joined the mission and other station.s wore opened. The 
 converts made at the various stations manifested a most praiseworthy zeal, 
 showing a mind not only to help them.selves but also to preach the new doctrine 
 to others. Mr. Thompson, who succeeded Mr. Saker au Bethel Town, writes of 
 the work at that place in 1882 : " The most pleasing feature is the out-station 
 work, carried on by the young men of the church voluntarily. One Sunday 
 afternoon, (]uite unexpected by the young men, I absented myself from the 
 chapel, and went round the different branch meetings hold at the very time 
 when the chapel itself was filled. First at the Slave Town I found two young 
 men gathering a number of people together to a meeting under a large palaver 
 tree. Leaving them, and proceeding a little higher up the river, we came to a 
 native house crowded out with people, and sitting on their little stools all round 
 the house outside, and a young man preaching so distinctly inside that we could 
 hear him clearly where we stood at the outskirts of the crowd. Thence I wont 
 further up the river, and at the house of a young man who was formerly with 
 mo 1 discovered a crowded meeting, larger in ninnber than any of the others. 
 Thus there were four congregations at the same time in ct^nnection with Bethel 
 station, and also two meetings at Boll Town, all conducted by young men from 
 A' Kwa Town. To my mind, all this is simply the fulfilment of the promise of 
 God's word. It is the harvest which must naturally como after sowing, tilling, 
 and watering." 
 
 In the same year there were <> stations, 8 missionaries and more than 200 
 communicants. 
 
 Soon, however, trouble began to brew, and the ob.structiona to successfully 
 carrying on the work, on accoutit of the Germans annexing the Camoroona, 
 became so aerious that the Society passed the mission over to the Basle Society 
 and withdrew (1886) from the field. In the meantime, however, a new and 
 greater work had been inaugurated on 
 
 II. THE CONGO. 
 
 Two hundred miles east from lake Tanganyika and situated on the banks 
 of the Luapala river is Nyangwe town. Hero in 1870 a white man, worn with 
 long travel, wearied with a thousand ' palavers ' with trying natives, and weak- 
 enoTl by fre(iuent attacks of fever, waited through days and weeks and months 
 — waited for boats ; bargained, entreated, prayed for boats ; and, as he waited, 
 looked lingeringly down the mighty Luapala longing to explore its myateries 
 and to verify a theory that he had worked out about the great waters of Central 
 Africa. 
 
 Montha had been consumed, weary marches made, wot, hunger, and sick- 
 ness, all borne to reach Nyangwe. But no money, no prayers could procure 
 boats, so that the great intrepid soul that had opent a lifetime in tracing African 
 rivers and lakes, penetrating dark forbidding forests, in deaths oft, in perils 
 frequent, this great explorer was forced to retrace his steps to Ujiji, now miles 
 away, that he might there receive the supplies long duo. After days of march- 
 ing ho entered the town, but only to find that no supplies awaited him. 
 
 In the midst of Africa, sick, without men, without the means to procure 
 them and therefore unable to continue his explorations, yet burning with a 
 consuming zeal to press forward, in Ujiji town on the eastern shores of lake 
 Tanganyika, hundreds of miles from the coast, waited the great pioneer. 
 
 And as he waited there marched into the town at the head of a large com- 
 pany of men another white man, who had been commissioned to find and if 
 possible bring back the lost explorer, for ho had been unheard of for two years. 
 There the two men met, and after continuing together for a time parted, the 
 Younuer man to return to the place whence no had set out, while the other 
 remained behind to continue his explorations and open Africa to the light of 
 the gospel. 
 
30 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 when he found himself unable to proceed ^^^^^^ Th^'f fJ^^*" Ban,awe.,lo, 
 
 been full of racking, excruciating pah, so terribl th J h ^'''^/''y' "^ ^'^''^'^ ^^^^ 
 
 under It. H.s life had been runnS outXst L.l ">d,.mit^ble wiU sank 
 
 Knee hng at his bedside with a last pfaver for th^ 7T """".'" *^« dej.arting. 
 
 out his soul, and was found dead bu7still knelL J T'T""^ ^^ ^'^'^'^^^ 
 
 David Livingstone had died with fta work uncomnW ^i V "u- ^^''^^""^ «< '^''^"ts. 
 
 another-upon the younger man whn v!i!i (^ ^^u • ^''''' ^"* ^'^ "lantle fell upon 
 
 It Ujiji. Taking up the^worT a= it hadln""^^™ \^"'^ '^''^^^ ^"d wa / g 
 
 hero, he plunged i.^to Africa rested t^soTvatT ^^^^"'J^ «f the .untef 
 
 earlier pioneer had labored. The solution n ^ P'-oblem over which tiie 
 
 march of 7000 miles, indescribai e hard S" '^rdThoV'^''''. ^""''^ '"^"'^i"^' ^ 
 
 the younger man solved the problem and c'.Trfl 5 f '',°^ ""^''^ "^««- But 
 
 LiviifgS|,rt^.^^rff^^^^^^ «I'-ng up in the w.ke of 
 
 J^yanza. It „ow remained to enter AfS from Ih^^'^'^K^r^ ^''^'^ ^'''-'t-ria 
 
 tftsT ^"^ '-- ^ ^'^^^^ °^ 3tationt^r:o;=et!tK; S;Vote: k 
 
 was t'|^rS•rLS•Xte'•'h^^■^^ ^'^^^^ ^^™ P-^^'em, 
 
 sums to the work on the easteriT coast ^^'0^"^/'""*^^ ^contributed larg^ 
 Baptist Missionary Society Tffe ■],"/' ^ /T/'"'^^^ '° ^^^ committee „f the 
 Congo, beginning fvith Sa.f sS fr T^ £"'' !i^ ''-'^^'^^ ^«rk ... the 
 knigdoni^ a large extent of terrkorv to th^ I .t'^ ^^^ ''^^'^^^ "^ ^^^ "'^ Cn„go 
 nver. The con.mittee gladlvacSedthp ,«""'''' r\'' ""'*'' *^« "^«»th, , f the 
 sionaries, laboring at thf CaLroos to explore "the P^'"'"'' '^° "^ ^^'^i'" "'*- 
 trenfell and Comber, the missinn-lli^^ u^ r P^'^'So country. Messrs 
 
 enthusiastically. •• We Sre noT ur own '' s"' ^ th" ''' "''^'^' ^"^i""^-' '"'"^ 
 our own purposes or ends ; and in a I'onr I ^' ""'" """^ ^^ '» '•^^'•i^^ for 
 deepy iniportantoneaswefeel th^tobe we r?""^'' '^,«P*'<=i«lIy "' «'>ch a 
 to ailbl His promise, 'I will guide thee with ,n "^ '^ 'h'' g™'^'""^ faster 
 
 work together for good.' " ^ '^^ '"'"® '^^^^ «"d make 'all things 
 
 the Sgolirvv^'c^ ^o Banana, thence 100 n.il.s up 
 
 reaching San Salvador in safe^ Here th!v "^ J-'urneyed 90 miles inland, 
 king of the Congo country and had f^n it^ T'^ '''''^''^''^ welcomed by the 
 preach Jesus Christ. ^' ^ ^^^ ^"" ^'^^'^y «<^eorded them to teacl/mS 
 
 faces^towarVstta^nley TvoT^flLl fike l^'r'"''' ''^ "r^'""-- turned their 
 from the mouth of iL ri'^r 'S; maTZd \"^ ^'''^ ^' "§" ''"'^ ^^^'« '"i'^s 
 Tungwa, where they received a wel^L^ ' ^ ^ headway until they reached 
 Jor. But though the kTmro? Tn ""''','' ^"^ ^'''^t ace .rd.d at San Sa la 
 
 brought to c...s'ent l:^hl\'^' ;" i,y;SLrinltr 'Tr""''' ''^' ^•""''' ■'"'"'^ 
 aternative save tuiiiing back to Sa 4hf.J i^r ^A'^'"® '^"^ "ccordi.iL'ly no 
 
 hjs work at Cameroons^. wSe Mr C'>n Up/''' ^^'i ^t''''^'^^ ""^^ '"'^turn/d to 
 wuh the committee as to further proc^^S^^^ ^"'"''"'"'^ to England to consult 
 
 co.^rm:d:tndX.t,.XfS mI^ SK^^^^t" "^ ^" ^'^^^'^"^ - 
 in^ton :»nd Bontley, was returned tn\h ^^'"^'^'^ «'?' ^^lessrs. Hartland, Crudg- 
 
 to prosecute the worrat San sl'ldor hf'/'T ^''\^"" instructions n„t onfy 
 steps to open up new station a^o ^the'Cclo'^Vr /"^ i'^-^-^^le, to ,ak-I 
 at San Salvador without mishap but |Va,l n t^ V''"^ ,*'"'^ '^'"' P^^^'ty '^'•''ived 
 
 isnap, nut had nut been there long before Mrs. Com- 
 
1 
 
 THE CONGO. 
 
 old rend.zvous 
 ake Bantiweolo, 
 ■ys of travel had 
 nitable wiU sank 
 1 the dej)arting. 
 ent he breathed 
 lithful S( rvants. 
 fTiantle fell upon 
 :in£( and waiting 
 ' of the SHJnted 
 aver which the 
 ars, involvint; a 
 any lives. But 
 'en to Christen- 
 h of the Cngo 
 entral Africa, a 
 I bordering dn 
 
 in the wake of 
 
 lake Victoria 
 
 the great tiver 
 
 'oceediiii,' from 
 
 'ican problem, 
 tributed large 
 iimittee of the 
 8 work (11 the 
 the old Omigo 
 mouth, ( f the 
 of their mis- 
 try. Messrs. 
 3l)onded most 
 -' in Afric'i for 
 lly in such a 
 icious Master 
 e 'all things 
 
 100 miles up 
 miles inland, 
 omed by the 
 to teach and 
 
 turned their 
 id li20 miles 
 hey reached 
 t Sail Salva- 
 "uld not be 
 :ordiii<.'ly no 
 returned to 
 I to consult 
 
 ilvador was 
 md, Crudg- 
 ns 11' it only 
 ble, to take 
 rty arrived 
 Mrs. Uuin- 
 
 31 
 
 ber, the first victim to the climate, died. This was a heavy blow to the leader 
 of the party, but a week later he was attempting the road to Stanley Po(,l. 
 
 After thirteen or fourteen fruitless endeavors to reach the place, in one of 
 which Mr. Comber was shot, but happily recovered from the wound, it was 
 resolved that the company divide into two parties, and i)roceed to the P(jol, 
 one band keeping to the southei.n bank, while the other was to cross the river 
 and attempt the rfiad along the northern bank. Bent ley and Crudgington took 
 the latter road, and were alone successful, reaching the Pool in 21 days from 
 Yivi. 
 
 The way was now opened, and in a very short time we find stations at 
 Underbill (Tunduwa), Baynesville (Vunda). Wathen(Ngombe), and Arthington 
 (Stanley Pool), lining the southern bank (if the Congo, in the order mentioned, 
 the last serving as a base for forward movements upon the Upper Congo, which 
 stretched into the interior a navigable waterway as far as Stanley Falls, a dis- 
 tance of lOCiO miles. The Belgian expedition, under Mr. Stanley, was also 
 pushing into the interior, and up the river, planting stations at suitable points. 
 With money and men at his disposal Stanley could move forward as fast he 
 could clear the way, and plant his stations. The missionaries watched his 
 steady progresss, but with an almost inexpressible eagerness that he should not 
 lead the way. " It will be a lasting disgrace," wrote Bentley in an agony of 
 impatience, " if the Belgian expedition, hunting for iv(jry and rubber forsooth, 
 jets ten years ahead of the Baptist mission seeking to win jewels for a Saviour's 
 crown. " 
 
 But the way was clearing. Mr. Arthington came forward with a contribution 
 to build a steamer for the I'pper Conge. The contract was given, and in a very 
 brief space of time filled, so that Mr. direnfell, who had been superintending 
 its building, and had acijuainted himself with its mechanism, was soon on his way 
 to Africa with the new steamer, which had been called the Peace. With Oren- 
 fell was associated Mr. Doke, from Regent's Park College ,• but Mr. Doke died 
 within three weeks after arrival in the country. Alas, lives were precious and 
 could be ill spared ; but wrote Mr. Comber, " ' None of these things move me' 
 said the grand old apostle. Do we count our ' lives dear ' unto us ? Yes ! so 
 they are, and should be, but chiefly for the sake of others. But there are 
 things we can count far more dear. ' He that saveth his life shall lose it, 
 and he that loseth his life for My sake, the same shall find it.' Precious loss, 
 and to be envied, for He giveth life more abundantly. To have had a hand in 
 the reformation, was it not worth a martyr's stake ? Livingstone in his lonely 
 wanderings, hungry and feverish ; Pattison living his life of constant peril 
 among wild uncertain sav,tges, to fall at last stricken with clubs and arrows- 
 had they anything to regret 1 Did they make a mistake ? Was it worth it ? 
 Ay I had it only been to have had a hand, however small, in the glorious work. 
 Be it for twenty days, or twenty years, as our Maiiter who knows best, shall 
 see fit. Hero we are if Thou wilt have us. Lord, only give us grace to be 
 valiant, faithful and true, liather than damp any missionary enthusiasm among 
 our young men in the old country, it should lead to a consecrated rivalry, who 
 is going to be chosen in Doke's place." 
 
 Comber could not for a moment forget the Congo and the perishing mil- 
 lions dwelling in its valley. His face was turned towards reaching the interior. 
 This was his dream sleeping and waking. Further on in the same letter he 
 wrote in impassioned strain ; " As I look forth from my window uj) this mighty 
 Congo river, Dover cliffs and the picture3([ue hills surrounding Stanley Pool, 
 and the cleft in the hills opposite, through which comes the great torrent of 
 water, wearily tramping about among the head waters of which died our own 
 brave Livingstone ; the river fiowing through Bangweolo and Moero ; the Lua- 
 pula, Lualaba, Hwri, Nzadi, Congo, Livingstone, and into which riows the 
 Lukiiga — no longer cociuelting with geographers — I see a country extending fur- 
 ther than from Calcutta to Bombay, and all in darkness, deep and drear. No 
 
32 
 
 I^APTiST WORK IX HKATiiEN LAXD.S. 
 
 mbihty of becoming a child God-the To/'f '^^ ^'^^'"^ ^'^l^'" hi ,ffe 'os' 
 
 loTentU,"'-'V"' "«• 'brothers-.. work^Hnd ami""'. """" '^^^'^ ^^'^ ^"K" . 
 most enthusiastic among us. .'?,,e,, ,,Z. ,^ t /; ' fe''''"oU8 t<. suit anv-the 
 o" ; 'seven men of honest renort fu I % '' ^^"V '^'''^ ^*^ ^^n try to "arrv .> 
 Y« "I'^y appoint' ; men with plenty of c 1 "" ^"'^ ^"^"^^ '•»>"» vvisdom whom 
 clovoted and earnest, puttin" Ki t?'"/.'" V'"^ "'"''^^ ''"'^ deter, "natm 
 
 vvith such men as Comber Grf.„f,.n p <.i , 
 
 -"Sole. "'■'IF ^'^ c-«^^ -iS uL?;:,'^°^^i j"^»-^^ -^'^i»g'^"t 
 
 ES wa. A":'f' ^"»^d l>e the watchwo d In lee h"^ '" ^'"'J'"' ^^' '''« 
 
 if such In ^ ""'^tf «-a constant advance E th 1 , r '"?^^- ^^P^nmenting 
 Mro r- 1 , o "' ^t, nerved to greater 
 
 in October of the same year pass away •"'''^"'*"'^ '" May and Mr. Butcher 
 
 "le real missionary wn,.f ,/J ^u'"? 
 
 work and ail-pr; - at rVrr h^tlTS" the"^ ^^.y-- of roug 
 
 cannot understand it " R .f i, j ^ , ^^^'^ '"'ss o„arv work vp^ nu t 
 
 at his disposal, he wa" ltZe\ t'o wt' 'rt '^ t^^''^^ «^— being placed 
 that a sea voyage would restore him A.f ,\ ' ^''"^'«»er, and it wh« honed 
 ho nogau to sink, grew gradually SorseS an '^"'''^^^^ 
 gone. During his last -omentsf Ruthl^cSh^ii'^^Von t ^^^'^^^ '" ' 
 
"^ 
 
 •Wild, painted, 
 thin hini the pos- 
 tv« yet told him. 
 '> suit any— the 
 ' tfy to carry it 
 1 wisdom, whom 
 ! determination ; 
 nod not to look 
 in their work ; 
 Iiiized by black 
 odyaiid in soul. 
 
 "11, nothing but 
 gospel to tlie 
 <■■' of the Congo 
 ■gitone was the 
 ' every Biijjtist 
 ;r was launched 
 '•cl with vigor. 
 I Stanley Falls 
 es Muta Xzige 
 ement on the 
 hundred from 
 was insi)iriiig, 
 
 ploring of new 
 sxperimenting 
 - niarvel, then, 
 precious life, 
 'ed to greater 
 
 had died at 
 Mr. Butcher 
 
 y Pool, he at 
 Hartland — 
 1 together in 
 er the hard, 
 ler : moaned 
 5r Gwennie ! 
 fi pioneering 
 yet. Oh, I 
 best," while 
 mother and 
 i who writes 
 
 3 have come 
 tremendous 
 
 MacMillan, 
 ' ; Darlinsf. 
 
 THE CONGO. 
 
 "Oh CliriMt, Thou art the Pnuntaln, 
 Tlie deep ."prinsr-well of l,,ve. 
 The 8pnngs of earth I've tasted ■' 
 
 33 
 
 A plain white marble crr^s mark« H,. ,?' f i^'fn "V^"^'' "'"''' '^"'•'^''1 him. 
 and gentle life. Thus 1 vd fXn tl ^e, Kv"'':- *' '' "'"/'^"'y "^ ^ 1'"^^"' ^^^ave 
 
 ^^rIn:JV:ll\'^^^ '00 miles into the interior. 
 
 200 miles distant continu nc n r ^ '^^ongo stream, we c.me lo Bolobo. 
 
 miles beyond Boi;,b ^Z' Lr'>J^^^^^^ rver.^ reach Lokolele, 100 
 
 most advanced of all mission :::^t';,^oSo'::i.'^r;od'^Mt::'br'' ''"''"^"' ^'^^ 
 and ^>"whri::'carr";i:;^%'h:t:.- l"^^'^ ^"^^ /friciis^flirwhon. Christ died, 
 the Africans res'Sef o'^fr'm ss^r^'Ha^l'th"" been sacnficed-have 
 centuries of supeiitition. been ab "to Seive the light" "'"''' '''"''''''^ '^ 
 
 son.lU\LT.r:;eTa%anS"dor"\l't%'"^ "l'^- ''''"^"•" ^antu Parkin- 
 Bamepiace, durincwhfci twoor Vbrp 1. ' T?""^ meetings were held at the 
 interest, many givlnrev deTl of h ""'^'r'^, ^'^^P^'^ nmnifested the deepest 
 first m,,;h be a flow ^ro ess '" that unT^Tr^J ^T\- ^^^'^I'ti""- ^-wever, at 
 baptized, the churcji at San Vu \ ^ ' f^'"^ '^"*^'"« ""^^ '"'^''y bave been 
 and Balolo 5 But he worl f'^o '' """'^''""S •^'^ members, at Wathen 10. 
 a good deal of the piJneer L worTT 'T' ^",':""'''^gi"h''y- «"d now thai 
 
 Americ,:;? Bapt St g :LfaT Unr'"J' ''."? ''' ^V^^^'^ "" '"^^ C«"^-' ^^e 
 Taylor's Mission th^eXedfsh M ' ^'^1'^^ we shall write later, Bishop 
 
 Thus, the res, o ;e of the rhrtn-. n'^ ^T^^^' "'"' t'"^ «''^1"1" Mission 
 
 stone fell, 3Xn Stan I.vrf^/n"'''^ ^'' ^^^ '"*" *'»'** ''^me when Livin-.: 
 the dark Ct1n!i r has £i nromnf '^"'^ f ''^'^ ^'^^ '"'l^-" °^ travel throucTh 
 Mission has, includinrwive ^fimLi^ soul nispiring. The English BaptFst 
 fell and Bentley alo e%I S Ch "f 7^^ ''"' 'l-^l^' T'^^ I'''>»««''«. <''•«■'- 
 heart of Africa We close hi, hr," f I .^f '*'\"^A" ^'^'''^^'"8 ^'^« "''^y i»^" the 
 the Autumnal meetings in iSi- '^ "^'"^^ ^"'^ ^^^^"^^'"'^ closing^vords at 
 
 of alU^L'teXei/thos'^^n:' '"'^ "u^"'^''' f "'^^^^'^^d' ^"'' °f butcher, and 
 
 self ill saving grace and power and hV^""'^'^''',*''.*!: ""^ '"'^^ '"'*"*f««t Him- 
 s B »i-e anu power, and heal the wounded heart of Africa." 
 
 eing placed 
 
 board of a 
 
 was hoped 
 
 3, but later 
 
 (ration h; ^ 
 
34 
 
 UAPTI.ST WoHK I\ HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 CHAPTER SEVENTH. 
 
 CHINA AND PALESTINE. 
 
 I. CHINA. 
 
 C"fJ?n\'','-""'^^"^uf' ^5 the greatest heathen country in the world-.reater 
 
 omna has eighteen provnicea, with every province a kin<'doni • has i liistnrv 
 gonig back forty centuries, antedating that of Ro.ne by Y ouLand Joars a 
 continued existence that has survived the changes of tfine rtliv^lrthaVo^ 
 Assyna and of Babylon, of Persia, of Greece and^'of Rome 'icMeve nents Hr 
 great wall, canals, literature, and system of government- hat pkcThor in the 
 
 i.^i:^^.s::rsi:i?teiini;it ?:i^:-^r^X- i^ns-ij 
 
 niherent ruling power ; but China's own kings sit <m her tCe and bear sw.v 
 rd^trof]lSVt;\rer'"^^^ ''-^' ^"^^^ 'y - h^ndtd'^^InS 
 
 chiiJ?^gi?if s^: dS^£li;:i1^S tJs^:^i:iT '' 
 
 Egua?:^ '''''''''' yearstoatranslatioifof thi^Lnit^rrslr^'th: Chiles: 
 
 No mission to China, however, was undertaken by the Socioiv until fhA 
 year 18o9 In that year Messrs. H. Z. Kloskers and C. J. Hall, bcth^c" ul nted 
 with the language and for some years laboring i„ the countrv off ri^ hlv 
 services to the Society and were rec'^aived as its misLnaries S'efo!. wt fixed 
 upon as the sphere of labor. For twenty years the missionary fore .was very 
 3lS«n' *^^?°'='«ty ^'^ »ot '"^3^" to s^id any considerable^ei^rforcenents 
 u til 1880, and it was not until July, 1883, that the committee passed a res?Ju 
 nrl i". I^"'''.'*'''^ send out fourteen additional missionaries, rasing he en re 
 orce to twenty. This number has been sent, but on account of cfevd,.m lent 
 
 Li"X v." i^^^'''\L' "' present being made for additional reinfor oZta 
 irrJ^Ail^ l'.eginmng the missionaries confined their attention to Chef„o a id its 
 
 S o tt httl?bv Httirt'h-"r 1 "^' '"''"'''' '' '"^^'^"«^^ pressing iit^oth^ 
 HnnI fho ■ y ^ ^^'^ l^""^"'^ '^"''» »^^*y «« that now, with €.w excen- 
 
 tioi s, the missionary may preach in any of tlie eighteen prov nces In 1870 a 
 medical missionary was added to the staff and medicine^reV/S^ Xned a 
 way where nothing else could. Mr. KItts in the report of l^rccou £ sie 
 interesting cases, one of which was a young man, an only soifand h , tier a 
 widow. He was poor but showed his gratitude by presenting Mr Kit a with I 
 long red scroll on which was beautifully written the followino^- ^ ^ 
 
 wi.i 1'""" ," T'"- ^i"""^ "*" '''"''^ '» the world, with two generations of 
 widows to provide for In an unlooked-for moniont he received S Is which 
 endangered his life. In this ccmdition he could do nothing but brmoa h a un 
 looked^for miafortune without any hope of recovery. ° 
 
 "air, Kitts, a minister and a teacher, who was formerly a talented man in 
 
 n^d:si" e'trzu^r "^^''^ ^° '^' r^'r^^^ ^iL.u\T:^e'Zcn: 
 
 l.-l,^ Vi . "''■-""g iiiefUci.ie. .-la aoun its nis h.inda luucied the wounds it was 
 like tUe returning of ,,,rn,g-the pain w». lo.t, the open wound, iere cL3! 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
xs. 
 
 CHINA AND I'ALESTINfc. 
 
 35 
 
 1 the world— greater 
 
 boundnriea ; greater 
 
 continent, which is 
 
 innermost recesses 
 
 the west. 
 
 gdoni ; has a history 
 i thousand years ; a 
 10, outliving that of 
 achievements — hor 
 hat place hor in the 
 terprising, and the 
 
 s into the pn sent ; 
 eople ; India has no 
 rone and bear sway 
 e hundred millions, 
 
 forget the claimu of 
 rshman, as we have 
 s into the Chinese 
 
 B Socioiy until the 
 all, both acquainted 
 antry, oflbred their 
 Chefoo was fixed 
 lary forco was very 
 ible reinforcements 
 iee passed a resolu- 
 , raising the entire 
 nit of development 
 d reinforcements, 
 n to Chefoo and its 
 ■8 pressing into the 
 w, with L:w excep- 
 )vinces. In 1870 a 
 equently opened a 
 884 recounts some 
 n and his mother a 
 ig Mr. Kitts with a 
 8 : 
 
 two generations of 
 ive,d wounds which 
 )ut bemoan his un- 
 
 a talented man in 
 self to the rescue 
 
 the wounds it was 
 junds were closed, 
 
 and immediatelv there was imDrovprnonf t*. 
 he held the power of restS hfe^.T'L t^T ""* ""^'1 »'«" that we knew 
 received is like unto the mou.Uai s i h i h Th T '"%'t" ''''''y ^'"^'' «*^ 
 I titude on n.y heart and tongue. ^ s o^ LsS^^'? ^ ^7 '''^'"'''^ ^"'■ 
 I my mother a grandson. This generation n,if. "'f \"- ''*''« ** »"" "»d 
 
 perish ; and all given through fhrmer^.TtL ; 'J."' ""'U'"' ^^^^''^^ "«^"1 ""* 
 titude constantly in my heart iZl ZJe , *^'^'^«hei-- Therefore I keei-gra- 
 evergreen pines " ^ '' ""'^ ^"''^ ^"'' ^^"n « 'ife a« h-ng as that of *the 
 
 '^^'» «"<? s'»iilar cases smoothed the wav sn thaf f I • • 
 m getting a house wliere they had failed btf re nussionanes succeeded 
 
 in iS^-is^^^whl^ll'^lSl^^f^.rS One such occurred 
 
 were instrumental in saving nSudl, r "f "^ ^!'"^'^'- '^^^^ missionaries 
 and charitable service rec(mnZ 1^1 fi s/Hrvat.on, and their self-de.iyin.r 
 
 than all their preceding -ear" toi' T}''^ ' "'^' ^l""'^'^ '""^^ powerfully 
 once aroused, ,Teople of\ f dL es tsent ir^ '" '^' '""'• ^'"^'""" "^''^^ >'' 
 that time the work in Shantum' hLT ^. '"'"*'^'*^^ "^ in.,uirers. From 
 
 now nund,ering 1106 as mny a' 235 having T'^>''T\ ^1'^' '^""""unicants 
 During 1889 another famfll A ^.t- N'^'^-e^l J""ng the last year, 
 withstanding the no strenuous and unHr^'^'^V'"*'''^ "^ multitudes.^.ot: 
 missionaries were the alni meTof tin O^o 1 1^' '"'"'^ *" '**"'^ '^^''^f' '^''^o 
 ; 200 000 people and this conthmlt r s'fv ,i" i;:^,","! ''^^ ^^^'."-'^ ^^ '--ly 
 nection with the famine relief bromdif i" ""'"^''■^- . The missionaries' c(m- 
 
 ■ 3o0, 178 Srs' 58,'?gr'^lS3"a,Kn" "? Jt^r .'?'^^" '' ^""'- ■ '''' ^35, 300. 
 will be baptized during t'he current year '"'''" '""^"''"^ '^'' «« "'-"y -^ 400 
 
 : The coi:^^ lt:'?yt m:::;;^^^:^;!!;^;- x'r^ '' ''^ ^r r ^' ^-"^^• 
 
 earnest appeals the missionary f,.rce hJl b'en iJ/rl ?' ""''"'^ '^"""^^ ^•''"««' 
 
 ; heir principles of work as folbws '' H'7 V "f •^^'^;^' ^''"te "> 1881, stating 
 
 ^ l<as an. iuherent power tom<T2\nhkrNi\u''VT^ the position that the (iospd 
 
 : as are suited for all periodTof ts reS^ir F^^ •"^^"[' "■^' ^"^'' '"•^''''"'i^ 
 
 ; here and elsewhere. The neceStv of \n rlin ^''f.'^""'^^ has j.roved that both 
 
 i of foreigners, if they be sincere la fi^lnt^'f'Tl?, ^^'}''^^'^^' ^' the expense 
 
 t Since the enuiiciatio inf % ! ^.^"'.^"t of faithless fear and fancy." 
 
 ' during which there Tave been trr'acolt *'" ''"? l'""'' l''^^^"^-- P^"od 
 ■stated. There is at present rmssfo„arv..rf~''"'Vn'' ''■'''^*' "^^^^ "»^ be 
 prming sixty-six statLs M^Bruce "under thf "• ''^' '^'''''^ '""^ <■'">»- 
 native pastor, now sixtv-two vears of ,.'„. i , ""«8'""ary comes the old 
 
 which the whole church a^ea h dTvk ersi;",1 '''"", ''''' ^'^'^ ■'*'" '^^'''^'''' "^^o 
 and paid by the native church I t?/fre«uiVSem'^ f"'"K ""'^ '" '""'^'^ '^'''''^ 
 assistant pastors are in turn assiate/wc I sj stem of subscriptions ; these six 
 
 and authorized but voluntary Zumn^d^^^h'Vf''"^ ^''''^''''' duly appointed 
 outsi.le their own stations and are th^i.nT^,'''"' '^'? ""f" ''' ''^^^ l""^ "'='""8 
 
 . This church work is supeSSided^f^^ ^^^^^^^ 
 mission stations in Shantung.^ SesVr A' 1?" '"' ""'' "^ ^^^ ''"''^*^ 
 
 anes at Tsing-chu-fu. Dr Glover who v^JL' ? ?k ' ' "'"' "^^ *^^'« "''"-^r '"i««i<'n- 
 Morris. in voicing the niissioiaries' a nl ^V'^'T:' "^company with Mr. 
 
 the work of these five. "0^ '"he .Td^^tV^u'""''^ '"^"'■«^^' t''"' describes 
 his work with 20 students with 137 m'pn . !''""'^.g« tutor, magnificently doing 
 spring, and 100 other men f^Ii six weelV f '"^ /" ^''' "'"^ '''^''^'' ^^i'^nK last 
 men. Each little knr^f Xstians has Tt'^'^ ^"'' autumn-different se'ts of 
 deacon unpaid and a Sunday schooMpLh ""T- ""l^**'^ '^'*'^^'''-' generally a 
 
 year camel; for special trSn^'thanSnlMflUT^^f^ ^'^ "^''^ ''^' 
 •na scrongth 111 the work. No 2 is th«"RLr*T " n'^-^f ''ght -has exhausted 
 
 .>.lena.d .„„k»i„ Chine.. .na\L\ti.^r ieSn^rhi™. "Setll;: 
 
36 
 
 BAPTIST WOHK [N HEATHEN LAXDS. 
 
 spcctor of schools also for the mission. They both do 8|)londid work. The 
 third man is a business man. His time is occupied with cash and accounts 
 three days and a-half in the week— he f^ives the rest to the mission. The fourth 
 mail 13 a doctor— his wife is also a (jualified doctor. They see from 10,000 to 
 20()00 patients annually— they have not much time left. The fifth man is one 
 who IS set to work the city itself, to strengthen headquarters. There is one 
 man left (Mr. Bruce) for (Hi stations in a district like Yorkshire. Of course he 
 is helped hy the service of the others. Every Sunday he is helped by the stu- 
 dents, he IS helped by the leaders, and by a few evangelists. But our European 
 brethren can only make a visit to each station once in six months. For there 
 are no trains, or trams, or cabs— or roads— in China. Things are as primitive 
 as they were in the days of Abraham. It takes three or four hours to ko ten 
 miles." ° 
 
 This is an excellent description of the work being done at Tsing-chu-fu. 
 Chow Ping IS a second and more recent station ; while Chi-naii-fu, a third 
 station, IS most recent of all. These three stations cover the work in Shantung, 
 for which there are thirteen missionaries— three, at present writing, beinu oii 
 furlough. * 
 
 Mission work is also being vij^'orously prosecuted in the province of Shensi, 
 which borders on Shantung to the north-west. There are three stations in this 
 j)rovince. Faithful pioneering work has been done, but no great ingathering 
 has as yet resulted, the church numbering twenty-nine members only, 
 
 The statistics for the whole mission are 122 stations and sub-stfitions, 21 
 missionaries, 18 native evangelists, <)(] native assistants, and 1225 communicants. 
 
 II. PALESTINE. 
 
 In 1885, the Baptist Missionary Society assumed the conduct of the 
 Palestine mission which had previously been under the superintendance of Dr. 
 Landels, of Edinburgh. The principal station of the mission is at Nablous 
 and the missionaries are Mr. El Karey, Mrs. El Karey and Mrs. El Karev's 
 sister. ■' 
 
 A most important part of Mr. El Karey 's work is that of carrying the 
 gospel to the Bedouin Arabs who are scattered over Palesiiiu". Mr. El Karey 
 before assuming the duties of a missionary, had travelled many years about the 
 country as a guide to travellers, so that ho was well known to many of the 
 ])rinces of the tribes. Still, as there are many tribes to whom he is not known, 
 and as the country is infested with robbers, his journeys are not without 
 perds. For instance, on one occasion, as he was making his way through the 
 couiitrjr, he came suddenly upon two armed men. Tiiey were robbers and at 
 once aimed at him, saying, "Give up all y<.u have or you are a dead man." 
 
 ;..".. V^^ '*J'f"'""'''^'"^ '^''*''"' «'*y'"K' "What do you want, my friends?" 
 
 All you have was the reply. "All right, all right, friends," and at ••nee 
 
 dismounted, adding, "Do you want my trousers V The robbers .stared at 
 
 him and said, " What are you ? " He answered, " I am Christ's servant, going 
 
 about teaching, and, if ).,>88ible, with (Jod's help, to heal diseases." " Then it 
 
 was you we heard of staying in yonder encam|)ment, speaking and giving 
 
 medicmo to those who were sick ,' " " Yes, it was I," answered the missionary. 
 
 VVell then, said they, "mount your horse and go in peace." 
 
 Mrs. El Karey devotes much of her time to mothers' meetings, visiting the 
 
 sick and superintending the Sunday-school ; while Miss Ada Uoi)or devotee 
 
 herself especially to work in the girls' day-school. 
 
 The work seems to bo ([uito prosperous, the membership in 1887 being 21 ; 
 
 in 1H88 It had increased to (iO ; in 188!>, to 75 ; and at the close of 185H), to 15rt. 
 
 , "^'""J Z^" */,'^!* •"'«"',' ^y ^'""'y '00 years ago has extended over India, 
 
 t.f>y.:-i!, A.rin, Chins, and P.iiesriiiu ; whiio Caroy hirriStjlf is l..-day teiiresented 
 
 by LU miHsioiianes, working or superintending work from 416 stations ; and 
 
DS. 
 
 8|ilendid work. The 
 ;h cash and accounts 
 e mission. The fourth 
 y see from l(i,000 to 
 
 The fifth man is one 
 trters. There is one 
 kshire. Of course he 
 
 is helped by the stu- 
 ts. But our European 
 : month.s. For there 
 lings are as primitive 
 
 four hours to go ten 
 
 one at Tsing-chu-fu. 
 ! Chi-nan-fu, a third 
 'le work in Shantung, 
 But writing, being on 
 
 le province of Shensi, 
 three stations in this 
 no great ingathering 
 iinbers only, 
 and 8ub-stfitions, 21 
 1 1225 communicants. 
 
 the conduct of the 
 perintendanoe of Dr. 
 sinn is at Nablous, 
 nd Mrs. El Karey's 
 
 hat of carrying the 
 iiie. Mr. El Karey, 
 uany years about the 
 )wn to many of the 
 oni he is not known, 
 iys are not without 
 his way through the 
 were robbers and at 
 I are a dead man." 
 want, my friends ? " 
 lends," and at once 
 o robbers stared at 
 irist's servant, going 
 iseases." "Then it 
 peaking and giving 
 jred the missionary. 
 
 leetings, visiting the 
 Ada Roper devotes 
 
 ip in 1887 being 21 ; 
 lose of 18JK), to 15«. 
 xtendod over India, 
 ii to-day rupreaented 
 n 415 stations ; and 
 
 ADONIIIAM JL'DSOX, 
 
 17 
 
 his first convert by 160 native evanppliats orj; ,i„„ „„i, i^ , 
 school teachers, a.^d 8,289 co.n'r T ud' t^he fi s"^" c ullluSf 7' T ^""^''^y' 
 sions of £13 2.. 6,/. (8.i5) has swelled to £8:i,;S ] S T^^n'-^^Jir'S;' "''«- 
 "The kiugdon. of heaven is like a grain ,f n ust rd led wi wT^ '" ^^'^\ 
 and sowed in his field: which indeedSs less a t a 1 se^^^^^^ 
 grown. It IS greater than the herbs, and becometh a t ee st tlr^ ho^.Tr'/' '? 
 heaven come and lodge in the branches thereof. " ^ ^^^"^^ "^ 
 
 CHAPTER EIGHTH. 
 
 ADONIKaM .U'DSON. 
 
 evinced predilections for' the great mtsSy Jik whcri^^ 'i'' 
 
 inaugurated, and of which he was a moving spirit r near v f.r/v v '''"'^';''' 
 at the tender ago of four he nsod t,. ,r.>fl.ji ^'"^ "«^"rly forty years. Fur 
 
 about in a remarkable way. ^ '^^ ^"" ' ""'' '"' c<.nver.,„n came 
 
 It was during a ramble through the Northern Stat.-i. fV,„t .. . ■ 
 
 anes. Ihat society is n..w the wiJI kn,,*., a.,,...; 'n ..._.i .f U "» ""•<»ion- 
 
 isJ'TXn^nr'i ;''''^,'^?^-«"-""i--c;i;d';m'th^mhFd:n^^^^ 
 
 Calcitt "'■'''' """' '"" y"""« "'f" "» ^''» '^"K 0'r«r„„ bound fS 
 
38 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 his l,etro?rd ^'wL^.'^' ^^V' r *°"«'r*r °^ '^'' ^"^"^«' »'« had written to 
 li^l ? *^ . *''n ^'"''^* '''^'"'^^ ^''^ "^hi" y'^a'" pr'jbably effect in our lives ' 
 
 How very different will be our situation and employment! If our lives are 
 preserved and our attempt prospered, we shall next New Year's day be n India 
 
 8tan^o"Brm:f w' °h',r " '"^^^^ "^" '''' ^ *^« "--^^ diaK of Hindu! 
 Stan or Buimah. ^^e shall no more see our kind friends around us or eniov 
 the conveniences of civilized life, or go to the house of Gnd with thoL Lt 
 keep holy day ; but swarthy countenances will everywhere meet our eves the 
 jargon of an unknown tongue will assail our ears, and we shall wiS the 
 assembling of the heathen to celebrate the worship of idol gods We shall e 
 
 h:7rJ\r^?\r"^ Tt ^"^ "'"^^ ^^^^ * ^-^' ^^at wS "'^y ay away ami 
 be at res . We shall probably experience seasons when we shall be ' exceS 
 sorrowful even unto death. ' We shall see many dreary, disconsolate hc^urs a d 
 feel a sinking of sp.r ts, anguish of mind, of which now we can form Ule con 
 cephon. O, we shall wish to lie down and die. And that time may s'oon 
 
 th.J^li wore now afloat on the great ocean with this anticipated future before 
 in \ ?f ^lii her they were finally bound they knew n, t. Their apS 
 ment had been "to labor in Asia, either in the Burman Empire or in K 
 or in the Prince of Wales Island, or elsewhere, as, in the view S the PudeSl 
 Committee, Providence shall open the most fa;orable door." The Newe L 
 appointed at the same time, sailed with the .Tudsons, while Mr. and Mrs Nott' 
 Messrs. Hall and Rice, followed in a later ship. "' 
 
 In due course of time the missionaries arrived in Calcutta ; but thev were 
 lot permitted to settle in the country on account of the unfriendly attitude of 
 he East India Company. In spite of all entreaty and expostulat on they were 
 forced o quit India, and were thus again afloat on the deep, with their Kre 
 course to be shaped by events. Add to this that the Judsons and their as o 
 c.ate, Luther Rice, owing to a change of views on the subject of bap ism were 
 no longer m connection with the Society that sent them out a d h^r no 
 
 mrurenrir "^ -''''''' '^ ^^^^^'-^ ^•^^•"- -^ ^'-^^ ^-- ^e-- 
 
 Arrived at the Isle of France, Luther Rice took passage for America to 
 advocate he formation of a Baptist Foreign Mission Society. The J udsoiis 
 returned to Madras. But, upon landing, the machinery of ex.mlsion was Sn 
 set in mo ion, so that they hasted away by the first steamer t a sai eT S 
 was the "crazy od vessel " Geargianna, and its destination was Sngoo, 
 Burma was then ruled by a despotic Eastern tyrant, and they mi-S weH X k 
 from entering his dominions and placing themsekes in his ,^wer yet thev 
 
 tureS;:4;r^c;sS^^ 
 
 reahzed every anticipation-ten years of life and labor passed '^amW the mS 
 
 trying and discouraging circumsUnces. With a teacher 'that knew m, EnXh 
 
 with no grammar and no lexicon, they entered upon the study of The lanXe 
 
 trl!!?;"' *h« '"'f,"'*^'' ^''^ i» « "•«««"••« mastered, Judson /egan the work*^of 
 
 ranslation. he Burmans were a reading people, and the mLionarv iXod 
 
 for the printed Scriptures. " Where are your sacred b.-oks,'' waXi n Zn 
 
 n-iuiry And Jud.son sot to w..rk to produce them. Yet. hough he uZue 
 
 Inyvork of ranslating the Scriptures and the preparo.g . f tracff he i^ "i? ^ 
 
 neglect preaching, but improved every opportunity to converse with the ueonle 
 
 and to commit t,. them the priceless treasure in his possession ^^ 
 
 Alone he and his wife toiled on. Four years passed before they found 
 their first sincere in.,uirer ; and when found he ai.i.oired hut^.l .!L .1!' ."."„ i 
 an unKnown regmn, and what, eventually became of him none ov'er knew"' For 
 seven years after quitting their native land they toiled and waited fSf heir tiZ 
 
DS. 
 
 iro, he had written to 
 )ly effect in our lives ! 
 nt 1 If our lives are 
 'ear's day be in India, 
 uth dialect of Hindu- 
 I anmiid us, or enjoy 
 God with those that 
 e meet our eyes, tlie 
 wo shall witness the 
 I gods. We shall be 
 .ve may fly away and 
 3 shall be ' exceeding 
 iconsolate hours, and 
 J can form little con- 
 that time may soon 
 
 cipated future before 
 lot. Their appoint- 
 Empire, or in Surat, 
 iw of the Prudential 
 «>r." The Newells, 
 Mr. and Mrs. Nott, 
 
 itta ; but they were 
 ifriendly attitude of 
 'Stulation they were 
 p, with their future 
 ions and their asso- 
 ct of baptism, were 
 » out, and that no 
 leir future became 
 
 ige for America to 
 iety. The J udsons 
 jxpulsion was again 
 ' that sailed. This 
 ion was Rangoon, 
 might well shrink 
 I power ; yet, they 
 laTi zayat to "the 
 
 an over-dark pio- 
 ingoon more than 
 »d amid the most 
 knew no Blnglish, 
 ly of the language, 
 ijegan the work of 
 missionary longed 
 ' was the common 
 hough he pursued 
 tracts, lie did not 
 so with the people 
 I. 
 )oforo they found 
 
 t;<i I tuna ii^wiiv* i*if<^ 
 
 over knew. For 
 ited for their first 
 
 ADOXIKAM JUDSON. 
 
 39 
 
 i 
 
 further" scattered every in.mirer a. d L T,' ."-^ ^''^' «f»rtling "in.,uire 
 The fear of the terrible ^' Irr^Tall '"st.^p d' hi 'wtk "' ''"'■^""'^ ^'^"" '^^"^ 
 1 here was no resource lf.f^ hnf f ^J . ^'"^'*- 
 
 The Houghs. WheelocK^iS Cd '.'a^^ td -nTh' '"''''' l""' ^'"" '" '- ^'^-• 
 Houghs were in Calcutta; the wE ck« h„ "'«uitnne arrived. The 
 
 .named in Rangoon with the Judsons "lJhwI ^Tl 'A' ^"'""'"'' «'""« ^e 
 behmd Judson and Cohnan proceeded to Vva to S;: "'r'" '*"^' ^^''- dolman 
 king. They went, waited or. 8..,.t..r) f i! , '^" ?"^'"^" .'uidience with the aro>it 
 ears" were deaf. '' Why ^^skt'r'in?'"'^ ^l»^i,r l^"oks, but the "tSn 
 in attendance, interpreti^ng |fe sile L f hisy'T'''^"'Vr ''^'^ ^''« """ e? 
 gueae, the English, the Mussulm n« . i "T'' ^^"'■'^ ""t the I'or u 
 h;bertv to practice a'nd Irsliraccordinrto IT'^" "^ '^^ ^'^^'^ religions S 
 
 r-^^i^^^^^:^^^S^ their disci. 
 
 of osing their teachers, and plead5lTre3f fo^r""?.' '"^"" ''' ^'"^ I'-«l-t 
 least here were ten members, that the cause S^^ ihem tr. remain until at 
 son s life was so bound uo with RnrnVn ';'^"««,'"'K'it spread of itself ; and .J„d 
 
 hind while the Coln.ans^^^ceedfd tTchlttS.V"'^ Mrs. .luds,.,. ren Jntd bl" 
 pare a retreat against necessity <-h.ttagong, m British territory to pre- 
 
 bapti..s E;eVh\3h"trrr'£ .t\Ki"f -r-' --^^ •^-'-» '-^ 
 
 nine y.ars after his arrival ,.t Ran^K n B nt ,. »>:^"&"'^' ^^-' '"•"•" than 
 
 he Prices and the Wades had come ou "• and 1 1 " """^hshad returned ; 
 
 regij.ns beyond," turned his mind towards A^l tu''' ^"'^'"''"S "H t„ the 
 
 8mo,,thed by Dr. Price's coming, wLnSicalkn ?t *'*^' ">"'-«»ver, was 
 
 bo covuted at the palace The tn/n ..it-o • knowledge was only known to 
 
 ;.f the .'Golden Feet,''' wh^Vu^.r" dvr^fJ"'''''^' ^^-^ '- the "ity 
 favor. Judson was in high spirits and !«'« ^ T'". ''^ceivod with great 
 ..te, returned to Rangoon irtsJudson "" "' '"^ '"'^' '''"^''^ - "'i'^S 
 
 six we"k:'tLntri?raT^re'cSl'^.^i,:t £ d^"^"" -^ «- ^>r Ava. In 
 lienr ominous mutterings of approS.i 2 Lr »i f?'',! '"'"': ""^ "^ ^"^•"•- «'"l to 
 S.X mooths Judson a„J* Price' were SaTes oh. "'\":^- , ^^''^'»" '^'^^ than 
 co.nn.unication with Rangoon was citTff «ni *''";''''" l'""''' priaon. All 
 interdicted line regarding the fate of fL a •"'• "^'""'^ ''""''' pass beyond fho 
 
 could have written, buMier anxietv and ^ "","«'""'»'•*««• Mrs. Ju.li^,n 1, e 
 forgot «he had a..; frienSS inTmiic^ AndTf "T '"°'' ''"" «'- -*' '' ^ 
 ;n;^...,ary world was held in susp^lS; ^^l^^^i'UlI^rXidl;!;; ^J-l^ 
 
 can read the narrative without bmn.7,^ t % '^'■'''"'^" *'t'' terror," and none 
 O..0 l,u,e room, withlT r /r 4 « 'w n'"'''^ T'"'}- '^''" ^"''tli pri o, 'w,^ 
 for vooMIatio,, upon the crevio'shtt^orr'"'' 7"^ '''"tc''. nnd depend t 
 which .he jailor entered. 17*1. net^r nur 'V''"^'!." ""'""« ''"""' t^roiS 
 ';•"""" ■.'t.ons of the place were S,Zt bivon ,'. ""'^ the reeking and namelesi 
 <;on.-o|.t,on cat. bo uiten „f fhi„ ..','!;!" _,^/''"* human endurance. No a<ln,.nnf' 
 mu. of the ., lace, the herding together"!f crimr«l. '^f"" '''•"'«'', "tiHn.g hoat:Th; 
 -It- o/ the jailors, th « d^, ^i^hf ^"S^ ^Sr^^^U^SS^^^ 
 
40 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IX HEATHEX LANDS, 
 
 y 
 •^ 
 
 heavy fetters, the siispeuae attending every change of treatment— all tended to 
 a culmination of wretchedness indescribable. 
 
 Mrs. Judson pleaded day after clay for months, for some alleviation of 
 treatment, only to meet with repulses. Left alone in a strange city, filled with 
 strange dealings, walking through the blazing heat, waiting upon governors 
 beseeching jailors, compelled to witness her husband's sufferings ; herself ill 
 sick nigh unto death— her heroism, her devotion, her suffeiings have stamped 
 themselves indelibly upon the memory of every lover of missionH. Eighteen 
 terrible months— every month an age— every day a day of horrors ! Then came 
 respite. Burman generals had failed, Burinan armies had been routed, and 
 Burman bravado throttled. The prisoners were brought forth to treat with the 
 English. Throe months later tlie Burman king had yielded ; the English 
 stayed their march, and the missionaries were free. Free ! "I think I have 
 had a better appreciation of what heaven may bo ever since," was Judson's 
 after exclamation. 
 
 On the 21st March, 1826, the Judsons were again in Rangoon, the scene of 
 their firmer labors. The work of ten years had well-nigh gone to pieces, the 
 Bible remained untranslated, and only four converts could be found. Rangoon 
 was henceforth an impossililo station, but they were not discouraged. Aban- 
 doning the station they began work anew in Amherst, the capital of the new 
 province of Tenasserim, wrested by the English from the Burmans. Three 
 days after arrival at Amherst Judson joined an embassy to Ava, induced to do 
 so by the hopes held out of obtaining religious liberty for Burman subjects. 
 His hopes proved vain, for the king would have none of his religion ; but, wliile 
 ho tarried in Ava, a tragedy was enacting at Amherst. She " who had shared 
 his studies, and his privations, illumining hi.s hours of gloom with her bri<'lit 
 presence ; and with a heroism and a fidelity never exceeded in the history" of 
 missions, had saved his life and soothed his sufl'erings during his long inipris.m- 
 ment —the white mamma, smitten by the fever of death, lay dying among 
 strangers. "The teacher is long in criming ; the new missionaries are long in 
 coming, was her weary refrain. But "the teacher" came not, the "new 
 missionaries " came not, and the wife, faithful unto death, breathed her last, 
 bho was buried under the hopia-treo a few yards from the mission house. Jud- 
 son returned to his work grief-stricken and almost heart-broken. His mother- 
 less child ived but a few months : and then, he was left without wife or child. 
 But the great purpose born in his soul on that memorable 10th July, IHJO, 
 sustained him : and he still turned his whole mind to the evangelization of Bur- 
 ma. After eight years of h)nely toil he found a companion in Sarah Hall Board- 
 man, a fitting helimieet for the great missionary. Eleven years these two 
 worked in unison, putting their strength and their life into their labor. At 
 Maulmem whither Judson had gone in J 827, the work had prt.spered so that, 
 m 18.{(), there was a church o* !M» members. 
 
 Judson at the same time persevered in his Bible translation. In the in- 
 tervals of preaching, teaching, imprisonment and jungle travel, ho wrought at 
 his prodigious task, until at last he could write on January lUst, 18:U, more 
 than 20 years after his arrival in Burma : " Thanks be to (!od, 1 can now say 
 1 have attained. I have knelt down before Him. with the last leaf in my hand, 
 and imploring His forgiveness for all the sins which have polluted my lab,.rs in 
 this department, and His aid in future efTorts to remove the errors and imjier- 
 fections which necessarily cleave to the work, I have commended it to Eii» 
 mercy and grace ; I iiavo dedicated it to His glory. May Ho make His own 
 inspired word, now completo in the Burman tongue, the grand instrument of 
 filling Burma with songs of praise to our great (Jod and Saviour Jesus Christ. 
 Amen. 
 
 In 1845, the Judsons embarked for Amer. i. Mrs. Judson's health was 
 breaking, and they hojied that a sea voyai/o would rest jro her. At first there 
 seemed improvement, so much so, that they entertained the thought of separ- 
 
)S, 
 
 tmeiit— all tended to 
 
 • some alleviation of 
 ange city, filled with 
 ing upon governors, 
 ifferings ; herself ill, 
 Jiinga have stamped 
 missions. Eighteen 
 lorrors ! Then came 
 d been routed, and 
 irth to treat with the 
 elded ; the English 
 ! "I think I have 
 lince," was Judson's 
 
 angoon, the scene of 
 1 gone to pioces, the 
 be found. Rangoon 
 liscouraged. Aban- 
 e capital of the nenr 
 e Burmans. Three 
 
 Ava, induced to do 
 r Burman subjects, 
 religion ; but, while 
 e " who had shared 
 Dm with her bright 
 id in the history of 
 g his long imprisiin- 
 li, lay dying among 
 nonaries are long in 
 mo not, the " new 
 , breathed her last, 
 iiission house. .)ud- 
 jken. His niuther- 
 thout wife or child. 
 l)le 10th July, 18J0, 
 iingelizatio!! of Bur- 
 I Sarah Hall Board- 
 in years these two 
 ,0 their labor. At 
 
 prospered so that, 
 
 slation. In the in- 
 U'el, ho wrought at 
 •y JSlst, 18;U, more 
 »od, I can nmr say 
 st leaf in my hand, 
 lluted my labors in 
 > eirors and iniper- 
 [luiondcd it to His 
 Ho make His own 
 ■and instrument of 
 viour Jesus Christ. 
 
 idson's health was 
 er. At first there 
 I thought of separ- 
 
 ADONIltAM JUDSOy. 
 
 change his plans and re-eXrk w.th \T,« V J''"''"t'''''I'''^ '=''"«"1 •''•^'«"» to 
 for she did not live out th^^o^.uTo but diP 1 ff ^i u V' ""'^^ '^■''' ^' ^id so ; 
 that rocky island. ^ ^ ' ""* ''"'^ "^ ^^^- Helena, and was buried on 
 
 OctoS"l5uS*^^1:En'::£eS'of'tHT^I "^' ^^"^f - ^-^- harbor, 
 Tiie young man of twent ^ 'uiS nf.'^H jf ''f ^T' ^""'' ^'' "''^'i^'^ '""J- 
 He had lived through a^c'noratL ^ d % l' "''"'^ '"''?'''"' "^ fiftj-seven. 
 His return created gre^it^eSm^n/H-^^ ^ character of history, 
 
 religious and secular pai^rs alike Thron^^^^ '"ovements were chronicled in 
 tudes pressed forward to sh ke him bv f T"''V"'x^" '''"'' ''•'"' ''"^l "'"l^i- 
 thrownopen to him. k-e ywLre he w b. ,"''• ^fy^\^^^- homes were 
 sutler him to address the aSences tl n J. 1^;"?''^' ^"' '"«, ^•'^'°'-' ^"' ""'^ 
 returned missionary, so that h ,!„':: Lf'^ '" ""'' '""^ '" ^'^'^^ t'"> 
 another standing near hin/w , cau.dit nn ^i, 1 "'' ?"'''""''" S'^'^" ^'"•""y'' 
 road. Tlie people were e a,re f, ^^l " ' ^ Y' '^T'^"" ''''''■'' '""' «""'etimes 
 many wise alul g„„d n.en Sed hi. tn r ^ Ti '"' ^^"^ '" America, while 
 ti.ne he might Recruit h.s siren Bu T,", ^T ''"^ ^'''"'' ^^^'""« «''*'•'' 
 
 Burmans again. He w .i cd < tl» if"" '""^"-'^ ^"'' J^"""'^ Hi.d his 
 
 expression of this disapnointment ill .^.1 '• " "i " "!"' "ccasi.,],, upon an 
 tliey wanted. ^ 1'"""1'h nt, the s.mple-muK.ed missionary in,,uiied what 
 
 ''wel^TiMhr"l''"r/''ff--'^- «t-y,- was the response. 
 ..ne that cai'i be conceived 'o'f " "'" ''''' ^ ^"'" "'^■'" " «tory-^tl,e most th, illing 
 
 who h.J! jusS,i:^roni';t Jl^SlSs '■ "^^- "'''''' ^""'^^'^'"^ "- <^f " n- 
 
 from t!;e^a;iti;S.^'h:STS,i;; ' ^£WuV' '' I'' '''''' '^ -" -"-« 
 Jesus' dying lovo." ^ "'''^ ^" ^^" *''"" ^^e wondrous story of 
 
 i5«rmI;^;'5t::i^i^S^'i;;SihFJ!";;:,:^^ '?''' 'r ^? ^"^-^ '"--^^ 
 
 before embarkiiw In f^^n.tlw nr f 'v""''''"' ^"^ '""^ m>^rrm\ shortly 
 
 restless to be in the f.^frt ''"'''' '^"^ ^"*^' "' ^In-Iniein. Ever 
 
 J uds.,n looked w.th wi,;;;"i !^;:s srA;:"''B";^^ '" ^^"^^"""v «'^-'- 
 
 Board, having become invh^d i„ hi \ f "t that was not to be. The 
 
 the Judsonslfad toSl back , ,1 M j ] ^^ir'^^';^! "''"" retrenchment, so that 
 given to move on to Ava bu th ,,.1 ^'''"P ''''"'' permission was 
 
 life was nearly 8pent,7ind w It ren ii^^ I ?''" M '"? 'T ^'l'' ^^'^ "'i««i<'>mry'8 
 of his Burman d ction j This J lea Tf " ''"«'"','"'"' ^"' ''"^ -"'i'letion 
 he prosecuted with grS\lilig. ,i " a ''nw '^•"' "' ' •' '"^''''' of the Board, 
 
 an, poring ,;".' m u tr its «^ d ^ his population to perish before me,^while I 
 it. .niless'the l^"u^ ex rC re er it " B V.h^ V T' '^" '* ' ^ ^'•"""^ ''" 
 «"«1 he yielded. He lonLed .d /no «1 H,;. . ^^ ^'V^, i'''''*"^ '^ ujM.n him, 
 with falling tears tim he g i resu n d the u/l^k"''/' '''" ''i'"?^' ' """" '' -«« 
 his work, Hi.d coveted eveiv Llr t^t J- . ' "^ /'.""l"hit.on. He loved 
 could not refrain from cas i.fg a reg fuldan e biek '" ^TT''''^ ''■ ""-' 
 sumed in the voyage to Ainerica «n 1 1. 1 . . tT'''" 'he two yi„rs con- 
 exclaimed b.. fhro,."!. '.i-nl «"•'. the return to Burma; " Two v,.«rB " 
 
 the sea, closing dear eves d^'in^'c,,".!!'''' ^'"1' "'"? ' '"'*^' '"«^ "' t' «sing on 
 about for now ones " ^ ^^ ^ ^"''"'' '"''^'"e heartstrings, and feeding 
 
42 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IX UEATHEX LAXD.S. 
 
 The great work however, was not to reach conijjletion. Wlien the task 
 was but half done, the missionary's strength failed him. He was hurried to 
 sea for Its restoration. But the hour .,f roluase had come, and nine days' sail 
 from Maulnieni, and scarcely three days out of sight of the mountains of Burma, 
 m latitude 1.3 north and h.ngitude !W^ east, all that was mortal of Adonir^iiil 
 J udsou, the pioneer missionary, the apostle of Burma, the leader in the </reat 
 modern foreign mission movement, was committed to the deep ° 
 
 CHAPTER NINTH. 
 
 THE AMERICAN liAl'TIST Mt.S.SIONARY I'NIOX— 1814-1892. 
 
 TN 1803, the publication of the Massachusetts Baptist Missionary Mac^azine 
 ^ was c(,mnienced m which appeared from time to time letters from Carey, 
 jbuller and Uyland, conveying information of the work done at Serami)ore 
 Ihese letters soon created a deep interest ii, foreign missions, so tliat contribu- 
 tion.s for the work began to How in, which wi nt on increasing until in the years 
 IHOf. and 1807 as large a sum as $(i,000 was transmitted to India. This interest 
 was further increased by the visits of English Baptist missionaries, who fourd 
 It convenient to take passage for India by way of America. These visitiii" 
 brethren gave addresses upon the subject of missions in the various churches" 
 and contributed not a little to the creation and fostering of a genuine interest 
 111 work among the heathen. Dr. Johns, who sailed by the same ship as 
 Luther Rice, on leaving America carried with him for the work in India 
 !5o,000. 
 
 When therefore, Judson's letters informing the Baptists of his change of 
 views, and intimating his readiness, in case they formed a society, to be 
 received as their firsb missionary, reached America in February, 18i;{ the 
 interest already obtaining culminated in the formation of a society called The 
 Baptist General Convention for Foreign Missions. This was on May 18 1814 
 The f()rmation of this society was due, in a Icrge measure, to the advocacy 
 of Luther Rice, who, it will be remembered, parted from the .Tudsons at the 
 Isle of b ranee, embarking for America, where he arrived about the middle of 
 the year 1813. immediately u[)on the receipt of Judson's letters, the Baptists 
 in Mas.sachusetts had constituted what they called "The Baptist Society for 
 Propagating the Gospel in India and in other Foreign Parts." Mr Rice and 
 members from Haverhill and Salem societies, which had been formed ab,)ut the 
 same time, met with members of the Massachusetts society at a Board meeting 
 in Boston September, 1813. At this meeting Mr. Rice was reipiested to visit 
 the churches, with a view to inciting a more general interest in forei-n 
 missions. This work he prosecuted with such vigor and success that within a 
 year he h^d organized as many as twouty-tive now societies. He travelled 
 through the Middle and Southern States, and "addressed to hundreds of con- 
 gregations the rai)t predictions of the prophets, and the thrilling exhortations 
 of the apostles, concerning the exten*)n and ultimate triumph of the 
 Redeemer s kingdom among men. He had himself stood amidst the temples of 
 heathenism, and had witnessed their cruel abominations. As, with his ardent 
 imagmatioti he <lrew life pictures of those benighted lands, multitud.s? would 
 hang upon his lips, and follow his footsteps with an enthusiasm that has seldom 
 been known since the days of the eloquent VVhittield." 
 
 The puhli.- sonUment thus created sccnicd re, demand the fuiiuitLlon of 
 ■onie general society as a bond of union, under whose direction the various 
 
IS. 
 
 AMERICAN RAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION. 
 
 43 
 
 on. When the task 
 He Wiis hurried to 
 , and nine days' sail 
 mountains of Burma, 
 tnortal (jf Adonirani 
 a louder in the great 
 leep. 
 
 14-1892. 
 
 ilissioiiary Mai,'azine 
 letters from Carey, 
 ione at Seranipore. 
 ns, so tliat contribu- 
 ng until in the years 
 ndia. This interest 
 lionaries, who fouid 
 ica. These visiting 
 lie various chm-ches, 
 )f a genuine interest 
 y the same ship as 
 the work in India 
 
 ists of his change of 
 id a society, to bo 
 'ebruary, 181.'5. the 
 a society called The 
 lis on May IH, 1814. 
 ire, to the advocacy 
 the .fudsons at the 
 about the middle of 
 letters, the Baptists 
 Baptist Society for 
 ts." Mr. Rice and 
 ill formed about the 
 at a Board meeting 
 13 re( I nested to visit 
 interest in foreign 
 access that within a 
 ties. He travelled 
 to hundreds of con- 
 rilling exhortations 
 e triumph of the 
 nidst the temples of 
 As, with his ardent 
 I, multitude.? would 
 .am that has seldom 
 
 d the foriiialion of 
 I'ection the various 
 
 societies might work in concord f(jr the promotion of their mutual interests. 
 Delegates from these societies accordingly met in a general assembly at Phila- 
 delphia, May 18, 1814, and formed what they called, " The (ieneral Conven- 
 tion of the Baptist Denomination in the United States for Foreign Missions." 
 The Convention was Triennial, meeting, according to its constitution, but once 
 every three years. Dr. Furman, of South Carolina, was its hrst president. Dr. 
 Baldwin, of Massachusetts, its first secretary, Luther Rice its first agent, and 
 the Judsons its lirst missionaries. 
 
 At the first meeting of the Convention in May, 1817, the foreign mission 
 interest had increased to such an extent that the Convention felt autliorized to 
 undertake ministerial education also. The design was the preparation of 
 missionaries, who woulu be (lualified to translate the Bible from the original 
 into the languages of the East. At the next Convention in 1820, it was deemed 
 advisable to build ; that the school be located at Washington, and that it be 
 called the Columbian College. But the working of the two schemes was found 
 to be impracticable, and therefore in 182(i there was a dissolution of these 
 tw() interests, from which period the college was supported as a separate insti- 
 tution. 
 
 Luther Rice, who had contributed so much to the creating of the foreign 
 mission interest, as well as to the formation of the Conveiition, threw his 
 fortunes in with the college, for which he labored assiduously until his death 
 ten years later, in 18;3(). When asked for an explanation of how it was that he 
 who had been made for a minister or a missionary should devote his whole life 
 to begging money for a college, he merely shrugged his shoulders with "I am 
 a mystery to myself. All that I can say is that it has pleased Almighty (iod 
 to raise up just such a man iis Luther Rice." 
 
 In those days travel was difficult, but Rico persevered in his labor of love, 
 and soon everywhere his old horse Columbus, named in honor of the college, 
 and his rickety sulky, became familiar objects. Without wife, child, or settled 
 habitation, his home was everywhere and nowhere, and at his death he 
 be(|ueathed all his earthly possessions— " Columbus " and the sulky— to his 
 beloved institution. When, in 1820, a debt had accumulated, ho reliiKiuished 
 his entire patrimony of 82000 towards its li(iuidation, and thenceforward till 
 the day of his death canvassed for the college without salary, trusting for his 
 Buppoi t to the sale of a few religious books, and to what private friends might 
 choose to contribute, and not infrenuently did these contributions find their 
 way into the college treasury while he himself added something to his self- 
 denial. But Luther Rice, though spending time, strength, and life in the 
 interests of ministerial education, never forgot the Burtnan mission. His love 
 for the mission and his love for the college grew together and ever continued 
 in harmony. In all his travels the mission cause was advocated, and what 
 mission literature he could command was distributed. This much, it seems, 
 may well be written about one who contributed so large a share to the formation 
 of the Triennial Convention, and who was, in America, in regard to missions, 
 what Fuller had been in England. 
 
 But to return to the convention. At its third meeting in 1823, Mrs. 
 Judson, who had returned to America on account of her health, was present, 
 and through her cniversations with the several members created a deeper 
 and inore intelligent interest in the Burman work. Her history of the Burman 
 mission was published about this time, to be followed a few years later by her 
 Memoirs, the reading of which «ent a thrill of admiration through the land for 
 the faithful wife, missionary, and heroine who now lay sleeping under the 
 hopia tree at Amherst. 
 
 The Judsons were thus the pioneer miB8i(marie8 of the Convention, while 
 the Houghs in 18l(), the Colmans and Wheelocks in 1818, the Prices in 1821, 
 the Wades in 1823, and the Hoardjisans iv. !H2rs, ..ynr« t^ho tirst missi-.naries sent 
 out from America. But missionary life was fieoting in those days. Wheelock 
 
44 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEV LANDS. 
 
 Se'iri Ja'lSo's^'S the thS B '''Z"' 'f^''' ^' ^""^-^^ l^^O, Dr. 
 accord with the law ofthe k ngdom ^^E^^Z "' ^''''-%^^^'- This .is in 
 
 Howard Malconi, to visit the"r mission S '^"'^■^^f ''!;'' the person of Rev. 
 fourteen missionkries werraTdeTtTtherngeliSnt £' '" "" ^^"^ '^^^^ 
 BaptiL'''Thr';atowintto"a^r"" ''^^^^^ ^'-^"thern and Southern 
 slavery questio^ The fe$n.%aitda?cen^d"^ views held at that time on the 
 profits of slave labor should "Jt^SvedfCn?" '"""^^ ''^"ing from the 
 continuing ,o hold slaves, though othewse,,uali«er'"h ^'n^' Tt *'^'*' '^"^ 
 as missionaries of the Convention. The AlabX 4f„f ' n "''^ .""* ^° "'^cepted 
 matters by demandin-r a distinct avowal .^ ''^ ^?"'''^"''"" P'''^<='I'itated 
 
 .natter of liolding slaves 2uld in no ww d 1' ^1v "^ '^''' ^"'-^^'^ ^hat the 
 agent or missionary of the Convent on ThpRn 'i"'"''^^ *'"^""" ^'"«'" "^^^ing as 
 whereupon the Southern Bapt sts Swrli f^ '^^^ ?"'^''''" *" ^'^'^ ''""^^ary, 
 
 work of the (Jonoral Conm, ,,!,,/ ^V ' "" further participation in the 
 Southern Bapti.st Convent n' This action ''"' 1 '^"''' "^'^ ^'^^'^ "The 
 Baptists necessitated th? making of some oh "" '''%r''^ "^ ^^''^ Southern 
 General Convention, whkl ^.Tlnlllv ol.f i ^! '" ^""^ constitution of the 
 New York City, Novemb ? 1^5 so .1^5^^^!^^^ ^ '^'^"'^^ "'^''ting held in 
 
 The ConvenH.l\ thus niodlficifts m d a new nt!e"'^"The T'^ "' *'%^^"''^'^- 
 
 Missionary I nion." The Tnion held ftatirVf ?• The American Baptist 
 
 Eighteen years later in 18(Ufil r "l^u^'"§ "' Brooklyn, May, 1846. 
 
 years is ^1.047,«(i8.99 ^^"*'""'-^«. and the grand total for the twenty 
 
 .S4,244.«y ; the fifth year $1 41S80 flf .u ° contributions amounted to 
 year 828,«ir. 74 ; ^rR'e't^^^t' yt^'^^^i^^^^^^^^^^ the fifteenth 
 
 twenty years being $!418.4!)f).71. ^ ' *-^''.WU.4/— the grand total for the 
 
 I- 187o was formed the W. B. F M S nf r„yt ■ 
 organization than either of the foregoing' bnV ?; •"* , V'*''^ornia a much smaller 
 year's receipts were $2 4!)2 09 °'^^^°"'8' ^"^ '* is doing a good work. The lust 
 
 the chief Baptist Foreigri Ivl^rn /rgam^ltt^nZ'lf "?' f^'' '''' ^' "^-> -'« 
 .udependent Societies are treated in'S'^erMtee 'h "^ ^'' ""''''' 
 
 in 1889, within easy memory of all iha. \t;= ■ tt . 
 
 seventy.fifth anniversar/ Six tLusand Bai.tS f ""''^.?"'°" celebrated its 
 and south, and from far distant lieathon W ''""' ^^^ ""^^^ ^^st, north, 
 
 Boston to relate and to hear the ^reat hi f.« r' ?"{:% ^"gether in the'city o 
 hour to be remembered of a lifetime I has '!'««, ^''f '''""^^'- " ^^ ^«« «» 
 impressions are indelible. fS Tf' mLdS ?mnf " ''"'""'^^^^ Its 
 
 The nerve of the whole vast scene and serve. w^„"' ^"' '*« '^"tire service, 
 banner of love. Threading its web a id woof wer«H "'''''"'• ^*"'^'' 't was the 
 and the consecrations of missionaries ^onplr' '" '"""'«"«««. the sacrifices, 
 Its faith grander triumphs for iheTutuT"' '"'^^'^"^"es living, inspiring in 
 
 Truly the day of small thin^a ho. ra— r! .«j ^.u ,-. , 
 
 nin,_ !..... pH™.d and the little one has become a 
 
"^ 
 
 Amherst 182C, Dr. 
 831. This was in 
 wheat fall into the 
 h much fruit." 
 le person of Rev. 
 Ill the same year 
 
 em and Southern 
 t that time on the 
 
 accruing from the 
 3rk, and that any 
 Id not bo accepted 
 mtion precipitated 
 e Board that the 
 ne from acting as 
 er to the contrary, 
 articipation in the 
 )wn called "The 
 
 of the Southern 
 in.stitution of the 
 
 meeting held in 
 Hits of the North, 
 i^merican Baptist 
 iklyn, May, 184 (i. 
 'i-centennial, and 
 ling of neglected 
 
 ssionary Society. 
 
 i ; the fifth year, 
 
 8(50, ro.-]. 50 ; and 
 
 for the twenty 
 
 ) under appoint- 
 ). 
 
 reign IMissionary 
 ms amounted to 
 18 ; the fifteenth 
 md total for the 
 
 a much .smaller 
 work. The last 
 
 regon. 
 
 h the TTnion, are 
 
 ates. The other 
 
 11 celebrated its 
 St, west, north, 
 ' in the City of 
 t. "It was an 
 ;al history. Ita 
 entire service. 
 )ver it was the 
 I, the sacrifices, 
 iig, inspiring in 
 
 i has become a 
 
 AMEKICAN BAPTIST MISSIOxVARY UNION. 45 
 
 thousand. The contributions have increased from S"? 0<)'> •>", in 1«M f 
 
 than half a million in the year 1892 '. They are as follows ■- ' """'^ 
 
 1814 
 
 18.'i0 ^ 2.09!) 25 
 
 1840 . 29,204 84 
 
 1850 <io,r(51 55 
 
 18(50 ^7.5:^7 20 
 
 1870 132,42(i 22 
 
 1880 ; 200,9.5;{ 80 
 
 1890 290,851 (i;3 
 
 1891 440,788 07 
 
 1892 472,174 21 
 
 5()y,172 93 
 
 undertake, during the fiscal vmf of mqo i«(t'^ V . , ^ ""^ I nion 
 
FOREIGN MISSIONS OF THE AMERICAN BAPTIST 
 MISSIONARY UNION. 
 
 ■■■■1 
 
 I 
 
 CHAPTER TENTH. 
 
 BURMA -1813-1892. 
 
 'T'HE Burman Mission was the first-horn of the Union, and I he interest, which 
 in Its early beginnings wholly centered in it, has nowise abated, notwith- 
 standing the fact that other niissionfi have been added since, no less interesting 
 nor less successful. More than one-third of the entire missionary force of the 
 Union is stationed in Burma, and a like proportion of the funds raised is ex- 
 pended there. In all historios of the Union's Foreign Mission work, Burma 
 comes first, and is given as much consideration as falls to all the other missions 
 combined. Around the Burman mission, a mission literature has s})rung up, 
 which is truly mprvellous. Fror the launching of Mrs. Judson's History of 
 the Burman Mission, in 1823, until the publication of the latest life of Judson, 
 or the Wades, volume has succeeded volume, and each one of sustained interest! 
 In every way the Burman mission is remarkable— remarkable in the way it was 
 thrust upon American Baptists ; remarJ.ablo in the character of the worthies 
 who spent their lives in it ; remarkable in the success, that attended it ; remark- 
 able in the interest that has come tc attach to special missions, and even to the 
 names of places. Its history reads like a romance ; its facts are sti anger than 
 fiction ; and its achievements have rarely ever been excelled. 
 
 And equally interesting has been the steady advance in occupying the 
 country, which has struggled to keep p je with the Divine leading. In 1813 
 the missionaries toiled with bated breath and trembling hearts, for none knew 
 what form the next whim of capricious royalty might take. But a change came 
 m 1826, when the Burman provinces of Arakan and Tenesserim, wrested from 
 the Burmans by British arms, were thrown open to the evangelizing forces. 
 And then for a quarter of a century the work was quietly prosecuted at Maulmeiii 
 and Savoy, at Ramree, Akyab and Sandoway, and preparations made for further 
 advance when the hour came. After long forbearance the hour came in 
 1852, when the British struck again and "rolled the tyrant's frontier up 
 stream, full three hundred miles from the sea." The whole province of Pegu 
 had become British territory, and immediately the missionary forces pressed 
 on to Rangoon, Henzada, Prome, Bassein, Swaygyin, and Toungnr). And still 
 more recently, in ISWi, when King Thibau was dethroned, and all Burma was 
 opened, were Mandalay and Myingyau, Sagaing and Thibau occupied, ''"lus, 
 from Judson's landing in Rangoon until the present hour, has there been a 
 steady advance movement in covering Burma with mission stations, and in the 
 prosecution of work among the Burmese, the Sgau Karens and Pwo Karens, 
 the Shans, the Kachins and Chins. 
 
 In the rapid survey which we must take of this work, we cannot do more 
 than mention here and there an interesting name, and chronicle now and then 
 .w inti^rcsting (ivent. We have already seen huw the first ten years of mission- 
 ary labor closed in a terrible cataclysm of war, when Rangoon was abandoned 
 and another station occupied. 
 
 m 
 
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARV UMOX. 
 
 47 
 
 N BAPTIST 
 
 (he interest, whieli 
 i abated, notwith- 
 no less interesting 
 onary force of the 
 unds raised is ex- 
 siou work, Burma 
 the other missions 
 ■e has si)rung up, 
 idson's History of 
 est life of Judson, 
 sustained interest. 
 1 in the way it was 
 r of the worthies 
 3nded it ; reniark- 
 s, and even to the 
 are stranger than 
 
 in occupying the 
 leading. In 1813 
 ts, for none knew 
 But a change came 
 rim, wrested from 
 angelizing forces, 
 luted at Maulmein 
 8 made for further 
 le hour came in 
 ant's frontier up 
 irovince (jf Pegu 
 ry forces pressed 
 mgoo. And still 
 d all Burma was 
 occupied, ''"lus, 
 las there been a 
 .tions, and in the 
 nd Pwo Karens, 
 
 e cannot do more 
 cle now and then 
 years of mission- 
 n was abandoned 
 
 MAULMEIN 
 
 thus rises into prominence and long continues the first of the stations and the 
 chief centro^^of operations. There ,I:dson labored with little cessation until his 
 death in 1850. And hither came other workers who spent long years in faithful 
 service, not a few of whom are worthy of more than a passing notice. 
 
 Miss Sarah Cummings, who died in August, 18154, after'a brief missionary 
 career of eighteen months, wf)rked in connection with the Maulmein mission. 
 Arriving in Maulinein in .January, 18;3;i, she proceeded to Chummerah, an out- 
 station (JO miles north from Maulmein and situated on the banks of tlie Salwen 
 river. Here in a thatch cottage, without a friend to assist her or a white face 
 to look upon, she busied herself in the work, studying the language, caring for 
 the school, guiding the Christians, and apjiearing like an angel of light to the 
 heathen around. But her ministry was a brief one. Ill with jungle fever she 
 returned to Maulmein. but all too late for medical skill, and the brave, (luiet 
 spirit took its flight to the heavenly home. 
 
 Two years later Miss Ellen Macomber settled at Ding-Yahn, .'55 miles dis- 
 tant from Maulmein, where she did a similar w^rk of mercy. But she, too, 
 was granted only a brief space for service, and after a little more than three 
 years of consecrated toil, died, leaving behind a fragrant memory. 
 
 Miranda Vinton, familiarly known as " Sister Vinton," lived and labored 
 in Maulmein until, upon iier marriage with Mr. Harris, she removed to Shway- 
 gyn, vhere she lived out only a brief six months. 
 
 It ere Sarah Boardman .hidson labored for the Takings, the ancient ruling 
 race of Burma, eighty thousand of whom live in the vicinity of Maulmein ; and 
 here also the Haswells to whom she passed her work. Mrs. Haswell, as Miss 
 Mason, was the young missionary who answered, when asked, "Can you be 
 ready to be married and sail for Burma in three weeks? " " Yes, in thr< u days 
 if it is God's will." And she never regretted her decision, though she lived 
 through nearly fifty years of missicmary service. But of the X'intons who 
 labored liere anumg the Karens for sixteen years, of the Binneys who began 
 their schools here, and of the Bennetts who came out in 1830 and remained in 
 connection with the Burman missions for more than half a century, we shall 
 write more fully s\hen wo come to treat of the Rangoon work. 
 
 In 1840 there were residing in Maulmein Messrs. Judson, Howard. Stevens, 
 Osgood and Simons in connecti(m with the Burman work, and the VinDms in 
 connection with the Karen work. All of these missionaries were fully employed, 
 though their services seem to liave been very unevenly distributed. This pro- 
 portion, however, no longer obtains. Dr. D. A. W. Smith, in presenting the 
 report of the Burman mission at the May meetings in 1888, stated " that while 
 at least eighty per cent, of the population of Burma are Burmans, only forty 
 per cent, of the missionary force in Burma are devoted to rhat people ; and of 
 that forty [ler cent., only twenty-five per cent., or ten per cent, of the whole 
 missionary force in Burma, are men." 
 
 It is all true that the Burnuui work has not been sufficiently considered, 
 but it is more impiessively true that the Karen work, which has promised the 
 largest and (juickest returns, has never been furnished with missionaries in any 
 fair jiroportion to th's growth of that work. 
 
 \et tile work at Maulmein has continued to orosper from year to year. 
 Mr. E. (). Stevens is now in charge of the Burman work, and Mr. Bnlkley in 
 charge of the Karen. These missionaries have also associated with them 
 several lady workers. Tliere is also a Telugu and Tamil church, with a mem- 
 bership of ()!). AVork is done among the Eurasians, for whom a home has been 
 established which is presided fiver by Miss Slater. Miss Ellen Mitchell, M.D., 
 contributes faithful service in the medical department, and has recently been 
 joined by Miss Uarr in the work. 
 
 There are now 17 missionaries connected with the Maulmein mission, and 
 
H 
 
 48 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IX IIKATHEX LANDS, 
 
 ^^::'^^Xr^2^^i^:^ ^««- « i^^een of these churches are 
 aggressive work, .n,^. we not ham th.i- H, "'^^^ *" '^^'^ ^'•"»' •^'-'If-support to 
 stronj;, wise and .oi,us, "uptake hi r- "'•"''''' ""'." """" "^^ «"«icientK 
 tin. reg.o„. And why ahouiri^'c fbe or the'v!rt"° ""'"^ "^ 'evangelization i,^ 
 the race to the swift. May the God ' of i "''^ '' "''* ^" ^'^^ «tronr', nor 
 
 kmgdo.„ among this peopleTn t fuhifand gf";': ^^""'^ ^''^' ^--"^' ^^ HiJ 
 
 TAVOV. 
 
 was ^"fiii^fer^^r^iiir^^tir L"'^'°".^^^*'""' ^-^-^ ^vhich 
 
 occupied. Here in 1827 we ti d Mr r,? "®^ l''''AV»ce of Termsserim, was 
 But very shortly after Mau n.e lis l^ect':! ^'f,^' "''^^'*"/' ^^e Boardlnan 
 tlechned, and was in turn abandoned hv 1 '^^"'^*''' «» that An.herst 
 
 were the first to lead the wav I ut . nlJ ^ n"3s.onaries. The Boardmans 
 
 settled at Maul.nein then h^y bin o 1''^"? ""Z'^" missionaries ha ly 
 •ey „,ight occupy. The n er:S"so .'^ 'SlTJ'" ''^'"^^ stations illic^ 
 e na.nn,g at a single station, and, therefore tluR^^^ could not think of 
 
 ".separable terms in mission historv for h i^^'^'^"^'^'^ ''"^^ 'l'»v.,y are two 
 associated his name with that 'ice Wtli thol ; 1^'"^' ^t"' ^'^'^ '"^'^^'-r 
 Karen convert-Ko Thahbyu.' This .m„ 1 1,1 "'"^'"^'"/'^ there went the first 
 h "ally gettmg possession of him, retai, S", ifi^^'i;" ** f ' ''"' ^I"-- ''"dson 
 after a tnne the hardened slave be..in nlr ^r*"'"^^ ''« '"* servant, where 
 
 grace continued, and soon udson S his T "'^T «f.«'>f tening. The ^ork o? 
 over their first Karen convert KThlK''''**^""''^°»'•*"'^« were rcioicin.r 
 at Tavoy ; but no soone^wL ihis\v JKlS^^ ^T''-'"^ ^^ ^^'- ^-^d. an 
 he became a flaming messenger of tr osnel o hf, '' '"'"'^T^'^^^ '" «"d than 
 through the jungles around f avoy xSer^ n nd T.n "''" '"'v',''*'' Everywhere 
 herald proclaim the glad tidino,^ 'of sal vati' ,n f'^T!"'" ^^"1 this enthusiastic 
 went from town to town, and vil L , ' ' '" ''?^ '''''y ^'^"■•tly the news 
 come bringing with them th. word of God ^^' '"^ ^^^ ""^''^ '^^'^'^^^ h.ad 
 
 Boardnr i:^S^:^^.:;nmpn^^cr^fT^ fT" '\'^'''' ^I^l^-d before Mr 
 certain book in hfs posses^iT ' The'^T 'I eV^T '" "f "/""^ regarding a 
 Mahonunedan, some say; from an En^l7« had received th.- book from a 
 
 Poople, had worshipped it a doTLvf''"' '"^^^'■' ^^^ ' ^'"'1 he, with his 
 folds of muslin ciot'h^in MtlL'Z:.ZrT ^'^^''1"">- "»^->'g t^^ 
 presented it with great reverence to th^ mi! ' ^ ''''^Pt slowly forward and 
 leader and his little conipa'i^ awaked thi""'"''^- ■ ^^"^ "''tutored Karen 
 expectation. It was "an , d tat ered t ""'"''^I'^'y^ verdict with intense 
 to be an Episcopal prayer book bound unn'i'^h'"' ''^^"'"/''; ^'"^ ^'^"^'^d "t 
 prophet was not a little grieved to learn Th J . * '°^'?.°^ '"'« ^^'-^hns. The 
 avail him nothing; but this GeitUe see' was ! iV' ^"^'^^ip of the book would 
 day put oft' his prophetical robe laTdaSe his strff'"^.""'''''' ''''^ ^r'^'" that 
 
 ''' triors- i^^^^r^"^^^^"^^^ peVr^ ''''--' 
 
 Karen wilderness. Now climl,,,,. he ruS WHsid ""^''^ "'" ^'''^ P'^thles's 
 dark ravines, now crossing rushin^ streamf h„ f '"' "'7' '"'"^ Penetrating deep 
 village, where he arrived on th thi wS .'.f tr^'^T '^ n' ^'^^^ ''^ '^' I'^hefs 
 missionary, and crowded around tTi 4daimi .ff Ai ^' " ''T «'"^ ^' -'^ the 
 
 -^^mimnig, All ; you have come at last 
 
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION. 
 
 49 
 
 we have long been wisnng to see you." A zayat hud been conatruched in 
 expectation of his couung and son.e thirty or more assembled to hear the 
 'wonderful words of life.' They listened with rapt attention as the sim,. e 
 whl"L'h?'T)nTh TV"^'^ them, and some sUyed with the missionary he 
 whole night. On the following day they again gathered around the n.issi.marv 
 and gave great heed to the word, while tive of their number, of whom "hi 
 rt. rt ;'"«'^^«'l"f«ted bapti.sm. Elsewhere, also, Karens renuested 
 bapt.sm but Mr Boardman baptized none on this his first tour, thinking it 
 inadvisable until they were better informed of the way ^ 
 
 t fK t '^^fd. however, had fallen into good soil and .soon began to liring 
 forth abundant y Baptism.s followed, and a Karen church was organised 
 numbering thirty-two members. Thus began the work among this remark 
 able people of wIkjui we shall see much hereafter 
 
 ,nn„^"^ Boardman never strong and with a constitution disposed to con- 
 sumption, began to break under the strain. A rebellion broke out at Tavoy 
 during which exposure brought on a racking cough. A visit to Maulmein 
 ettected very little, yet he clung to the place until the last 
 
 He had promised the Karens another visit when he would examine for 
 baptism the uuiuirers of a former tour. Yearning to se.; his Karens, concerned 
 tSl /h If '.»"«'^'. '^"'l carefu for nothing except the advancement of the 
 kingdom, the dying missionary had him.self borne on a cot into the jungle wheie 
 
 ai d Mr. Mason performed his farst mis.sionary work in baptizing 'M Karens 
 while the expiring Boardma_n gazed upon the scene. Two days later the sainted 
 worker was "« more " He fell gloriously in the arms of victory. Such a 
 death, next to hat of martyrdom, must be glorious in the eyes of heaven." 
 Ihus wrote Judson who could appreciate his spirit. In a corner .,f the old 
 mission compound at Tavoy stands a simple monument, on which is engraved 
 the following in.scriptifm : ° 
 
 " Sacred to the nn,. ,^ „. ;eorge Dana Boardman, / -nerican Missionary 
 to Burma. Born F.' . mi ; died Feb. 11, 18:51. His epitaph i« written in 
 
 alht^v '!!'i° 7'"\"- :}'^ "' *^' ^'^/','''"" ^'"^'^^'^^ "f y^^'^r mountains, who 
 taught y,u to abandon the worship of demons i Who raised you from vice to 
 
 rtt?;eplj-t'rSgy'. ■'" ''^''^^' ^""^ ''^'^'^^^^ *"^ ^°"'' -">''' «f i^™y- ' 
 
 frn..^"^" ,^'""'^'™';^"; chastened by affliction, took up the work that had fallen 
 from her husbands hands Though entreated to rJturn to America, she de- 
 cided that .sue could not leave the Karens. With her b,.y, George Dana, car- 
 
 ^Ln'JZ %"' ' H '^''''^'\'^^' l«t''l«Bs jungles and sought^ut the lost 
 Karen sheep. For three years she continued at Tavoy and then in 1834, upon 
 her r.iarnage with Mr. Judson, removed to Maulmein' ^ 
 
 fl.o T ^'*?°'?'''' i» the meantime, had acquired the knguage and were now 
 
 famiT/r,' nr.""'''?T'f^ ^^7 "'-T J''""'^ ^" ^^^5 ^y tl'^- Wades and the two 
 families prosecuted the work with great success during the next decade. Mr. 
 
 .nH Mr M *^^^K^':«" language to writing adopting the Burman character ; 
 nlv iL ?'""'\^^"?u'^ °" u t-i^n^^tio" «f the Bible. Mr. Mason also made 
 he h„nrir'/° a'^- ^^""^t ^^^^ ^^'*'''^" J""^''*^' '""^ «'"»<^ "^ ^is discriptions of 
 mfsrn tT '^°"J'Vr- "f the Karens created the deepest ir-.ereat in the Karen 
 mission. The work thrived and Tavoy came to be considered a separate mission 
 
 partnlenr" ^"'^^^*'^' ''^ *"'' ^"^^' ^''^""'^ ^""^ Theological training de- 
 
 „;r, ^■''^'^ J»^oy also went forth pioneer evangelists who labored in other re- 
 gions-in Maulmein Rangoon, Henzada and Toungoo. Of these the most 
 prominent were KoThahbyu, Sau Quala and Sau Dunfoo. Ko Thahbyu did not 
 long continue in Tavoy, but was soon found traversing the Maulmein b..,cl«« 
 'tuA «^"V"" ^^'*"^'"^" J 'Strict, and rinally Arakan, where he died. Sau Quala. 
 and S,iu Dumoo we shall meet elsewhere. But amid this prosperity there came 
 
so 
 
 BAPTIST WUHK IN HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 mterruptions, quick succession of new workers, and finally no workers ft^ all 
 
 a.m.lar attempts, to settle the Karens, were n..de in the eaiJ; ^a t of nt'i? 
 
 ad at ^i,'^''*"''"'-:;:' *«'« ^'»'\g«« ^ere thus formed, NewviUe and Chum, erah 
 
 nofiSr^^t u::^:f^r;^?j^.rsr' '''"'^' -'^^ Mata^-'i^s:^- 
 
 carefI!lts?1nsSon 1;"!'"^'^^*^*^ I"'''''^"''«" ^^-^r instructed, and a greater 
 
 NV e must now give a passing glance at 
 
 ARAKAN. 
 
 the work with .:y ^.e'p,;::;;;:^,: ;.;!';;;: :::^:i:Shv" 'iz 'i^'r^-r 
 Mau^.i„ Njaisn.a,ed;;:e^^::;i::S^;;;r^,ir^^^ 
 
 oW.m m^mWrJ'"""*^' '^ ^""" '""''^^ """"^- ^1- church then mnX;:;:! 
 charged him K, bring hack '' six n en f ,r AraUn " T. "''' ""««j">'!*'-y nnd 
 
 ^^: /: ^!:s:,.^"'' ^'i-J ^- y^rs the wh:.il';:ro:?;;:;,^;:;.vi£::':rty; 
 
 WK.,,..,, a mi.su,uary, and the wojk thnt once seemed brightest no longed ap: 
 
no workers at all. 
 lied native pastors, 
 many were no bet- 
 
 ) labored long and 
 that much weeding 
 writes that in one 
 ^f the church roil, 
 (iftii of the names 
 were 28 baptisms, 
 
 to secure a more 
 ing. " He cncour- 
 !ias not passed the 
 Is, has been under 
 ' of the scriiiture 
 lo Hged he refuses, 
 B Bible. He also 
 tory character, on 
 es for settlement, 
 ids of agriculture, 
 owever, that very 
 y part of the mis- 
 ind Chummerah ; 
 
 Matah. It does 
 
 ed, and a greater 
 inning to realize 
 3, all of which are 
 ; and the Chris- 
 mans. But very 
 whole Tavoy and 
 years. There is 
 
 an work on the 
 they prosecuted 
 The Halls who 
 d "ihe Oomstocks 
 in recruiting at 
 IH.'iil, but moved 
 then numbered 
 
 kan mission, the 
 III 1H4;{, Mrs. 
 ife to the night- 
 mstock was still 
 misHionary and 
 lion tinally, one 
 ' centered abf)ut 
 Arakan mission 
 
 Lriikitn w.'is !(>ft 
 
 it no longer ap- 
 
 AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION. 
 
 51 
 
 peared in the reports. This state of things continued for 3(i years, when, in 
 1888, Mr. Thomas moved to Sandoway and again resumed the work in that 
 region. The work thus revived has been attended by remarkable results. 
 Already there is a membership of 4013, while the future proi.iises even better 
 things. Truly the tears :\m\ toil of early laborers in this field are not forgotten, 
 nor has their labor been in vain in the Lord. But Sundoway's eiu-ly histoiy is 
 inextricably interwoven with that of 
 
 BASSEIN. 
 
 Bassein, with a population of about Ii0,000, is situated on the Bassein 
 River, some eighty miles from its moutii. The district, in 1881, had a popula- 
 tion of 389,41U, of which nearly 1(X),000 were Karens. The district is low- 
 land, well watered, the soil fertile and well adapted to the growth of rice, 
 which forms the staple food. The mission was oi)ened in 1840, when, as we 
 have seen, the Abbots settled at Sandoway. But tiiere had been some earlier 
 beginnings. 
 
 In September, 183G, Mr. Abbot accompanied Messrs. Howard and Vinton 
 on a long tour in the Rangoon district, during which they baptized 173 Karens 
 who had been converted through the preaching (tf Ko Thahbvu. 
 
 In April of the following year, the Alibots moved to Rangoon that they 
 might superintend the Karen work from that centre. They remained in the 
 city, however, oidy four months, when tliey returned to Maulmein. Again, 
 three months later, they made a second attempt at a settlement and this con- 
 tinued a whole year. These twelve months saw much work done and not a 
 few Karens bajitized. In December < if 1837, Abbot made a memorable tour 
 among the Karen villages which extended into Bassein. Ho baptized forty- 
 nine on this tour. On another tour in the Manbeo region he baptized sixty- 
 seven. 
 
 Many Karens visited Abbot at Rangoon, and among these was Shway Weing, 
 a young chief from Bassein. This was a remarkable character, and proved his 
 sincerity in many ways. On one occasion he was forced to fly, and his relatives, 
 to stay the search, demolished his house. Afterwards, visiting tiie missionary 
 in Arakan, when told that his visit would aggravate his sufferings in case of 
 apprehension, he rejilied, "I wished to come and see the teacher's face, hear 
 his voice, anu go Imme and die " 
 
 Mr. Abbot also began a school with several Karens, nearly all of whom 
 were unbaptized. A little later trouble began to brew, and soon four Karens 
 were inmates of a Burman [irison. Mr. Abbot succeeded in securing their 
 release, still the country continued ii. such an unsettled state, the missionaiies 
 deemed it expedient to (|uit Rangoon for a season. Tiiat season became a 
 whole year during which the converts fared ill, but not nuich worse than others. 
 The country was in a rebellious mood, and the Ibirman otiicials were riitldessly 
 crushing out all opposition regardless of victims. 
 
 The missionaiies, invited by the N'iceroy in lH3!t to ret\irn, went to 
 Rango<in, l)ut stayed out only 40 <lays. The Viceroy was removed ; a ))loodier 
 man put in his ]ilace ; war with Britain threatened ; and all relations with 
 foreigners were strained. This was trying (o the missionary and converts 
 alike. Yet notwithstanding these interruptions vnd cessations of niissionnry 
 labor, the truth continued to spread so that in the scikttered villages believing 
 Karons multiplied. In advance of the teachers, whom .\hbot sent out, went 
 the Word of Life ; and strange intloed were some of the early attenijits at Chris- 
 tian worshiii. Shway Bau, afterwards a Karen pastor, thus describes the first 
 beginnings among his i)eople :- 
 
 T!!:> llrst !>!:it •:^i- h--:trd ftb=:!:f th« <•■'■••■=■■ rsOit'l"!! 
 
 tl.... Ul 
 
 Weitii' 
 
 had bogtni to worship (Jod. Then we heard that ho had a little l)ook that told 
 about Ood, and the way to worship Him ; and straightway we had bo strong a 
 
52 
 
 HAPTIST >V011K I.V HEATHEN LANDS, 
 
 did not know anything ,t M. "'^- ^' '""' '' '""§ "^e ago, teacher, whe,' we 
 Z^jri^^^^'^'^'^e-^^^^^ t^^^rV'^^ia that we 
 
 mnsr I r"V^"'; ^^'^^ ^i» tako cSre 'f that ' %1 '",".7 '';"^'''«' ^hey cannot 
 must worship God continually ; ao after w. 1, ^' ^ '"'« ^ook said th.t we 
 book, but i„ lieaven, wo used to meet L^^^fJ ""1 ^'**"^ <'"^» ^>'^ n«t in the 
 all pulled off our turbans, and ,iS them "' u"^ ^"'"^^'l^ "» ^^is way we 
 pulled our hair down c.ver ourLes act. '^ ^'"*'' '" '''" ««"tre, and thin 
 
 would pray, and another .•ouclpnitillainrV''"' ^T^ '""'•> ' '^'"l "l"'. o.'L 
 thouglit, that, if we prayed ti th^^' 'i f '"^'' l"-ayed three times. We also 
 so sometimes wo would uXl u i , fl ? .^'-'ll'l'^d, there was great merit ,n it 
 
 -e the tears starting V' ^'7nd iT he s.id" v' ."V ^" 'J""''^'^^- '"^ ask, 'By u 
 hard ; and, when one or two drous hal f .n ' u^'' '"t ^'""'^ I»'ay «gHin very 
 y^m pray, for I am happy a 1 t 1 e ' It 11 ''"V " ^""''^ '"^ to another, ' S 
 did not know anything at all '''*' '' '""« ^""^ ««-- teacher, when we 
 
 was "-d;;in p::;;,;Sg'S,'t'i^^:'^i;r''r^^ "™^'"^' - ^'-^'^t there 
 
 They would bite Ui.til wo writll Vf ■ ' "'"' ^" ^'^ 'I'd ""t brush them off 
 covered with blotches I ZluVZr' 'V"^ f'"*^' '"'^ our bod es w;re 
 fnytlung at all. " And thus the t rVSf '. *'^''''''«.\^hen we did not know 
 '^<;-^«/o., //..,,,,, ,,j;^ SX/iT "'^'^ ^he constant refrain 
 , When tidings were carrip,! i.,f ?!i ''*/'"' '"' '■"""' ninitlnnii at all " 
 that the missionary Imd^ettTJlTi 1 ^^'*'''" •i""^''^"" -^ I^asse n a dRan-oon 
 feet in that clirect^, anf h "i H'' " r^-' .""^"'*"''««' »^' "'"•«, t.S"E 
 'b'Hcult and guarded V^I a llv'; n?! "' T'*^ ''^" Voma n.ou t^ins by 
 
 ;';,'lf "• /''?. ''"''-''^y ^''''-l «very hfficul Imr'l "!r'^ '■' '"'^'•'*^''« '"''I «i'kly 
 ook into the missionary's face an Hr f'l, , '"'^'' *-'''""• ^''(it they mi-rht 
 on. Hurn.an persecution some i,i^^Sednt"\''' /''"'''''■'« "ords. ^Fl i^g 
 ^'llages sprung up, as if by ma Wc alo m \ Z^™'""'' '" "'•''^ '"any Kiren 
 was as merciless as Burman cruSiv a ! ; 'fn' '""'^- ^^''^ alas ! ehoW 
 """ village, on a single ..ccUo rK,l? / *'»nned their numbers terribly I 
 sorinon for 1 •>() souls*: '"""' '^^^"" ™"''' ^b" bell and i.roached the funeral 
 
 cksses MU.ckly increased, until trerew,,rrtf/r^^^ ^'"' *'''«' ««''«'^" ^be 
 
 feS;r ^""^"- '-'" "P '- ^;^5^ al^^^'t^s Kjt^enc/'Sili;^ 
 
 hispl^iSl^'j;;:;;.-;-;;^';^^^^^^ the Arakan coast, meeting 
 
 converts and organising chirohes *^ *''"" ''^J'""''' '•«««i*i"K a»d bapti.inj 
 
 i"K t.r ,;!s;t h:;r^.m zi' itr^^r-y^'-''-^ /^"-- "«"->«. --iv. 
 
 I angoon, had at that early .lay be ij o la?,?. ^^ ,\''^' ""'';.■« '«'"■''"". ,,ast<.r i, 
 character somewhat of ari i.n;;..!^!.; ''u'T': ,'':' that or,l,natio„ tooV on th„ 
 
 from their number and ordained them Thev wnr^ Af"'T l'" '"""• •^'""«' «-*"' 
 
 iliey were Myat Kyau and Tway p„. 
 
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION. 
 
 S3 
 
 keenest anticipations ; a.Vd L he Eht t^^h T'^ '" ''T''*'"' ^^''' "'« 
 
 ant difficulties Ins cry' wis, '^'nay Ss nmv frn'ff '"'^'^ r'^ «" i^s Htteud- 
 native preachers praj: for the.eXche ,' raj t ^ICl "o^''.7in 't/'"'^' 
 
 and t^£.^::^I^Z p"",lf ^^^ ^S';";r '''' ^-»/'--'-« "- iu"«les 
 
 healt?":lt::ki^,;»"'i^rjjri7'''^'.''''''i- ;- ;— d. but the nusBionury's 
 
 nnssionluy to take his Sace 1 tie n.'.rt ^^ f huM ' /' '"'' ";^'*«''- ^^'•''' "" 
 converts, his .'iO native ,)ScLift"^'r 'V ^ '""^' "'''^'' '"« •'^"^' bapti^.d 
 Bc.rd will send a^nan il'iSSr It i: Shroid a^dthl^^'^r ""^^ ^''" 
 and .s st.ll «oing out fron> heathen'laud.s for x^laE ^ "' ''"' ^''"^ ^"""^' 
 
 .nakf :;:;.:i:t\r":n^'tet'i.S';L,i;'^.irl' ^^r"" ''^'^ ^""-- "^ -^ 
 
 An>enca with his .notherless children, /ron (^dc a e writ ■ '""" '" 
 
 the ^nd^^LSn'^x ii^r^irii 'l^'"';rrvT'r''^i' •'"«'"""'-' ^^ 
 
 to Beecher could not easily arrive at a deois > H . i V""' ,"l>l'i*aled 
 
 f.^e,gn field, nor did he kLIw'he t^^T^ fi :^:t Ihl'^.wl^'S:' ,^ 
 
 I nabb to sail with the lieechers, Abbot pleaded n.-st earnestly t.> be ,..,>f 
 "ne l„„ ; .till l.t.., ,m „.,„■„ : „„.l .^72 ^T/C ,, J ,, ' V Pft '''i"'' 
 
 sr,=V'™;;ss;n.v;x™™ - -■-' ' "- •^•■"^ »"- "- 
 
 voured. The woIvb.' u-,...,l« ...,. '. ti... -..,.^,:_.. , "," «'.'^i'.i.'»re now bein« do- 
 
 Thoso 
 
 ' Th 
 
 H-n 
 
 ropro whus we now have to hear ; and the church 
 
 jjiiciu nnrnufl iive wilii the sl-oei), 
 
 OS aro little stars which 
 
54 
 
 BAPTIST VVOHK I\ HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 cannot shine in Uie rainy aeason, <,r c.mdles covered by a bushel. Wherefore 
 O teacher, pity the churches in the East and pray for us " «reiore, 
 
 «?nn,l ,'■*" ''''" '^■""' 'ritu^'ll^'"^ l'*"^^*"'', '""^ '■^^'^"'^' towards the close of 1847, is in 
 Sandou-.ty ap.n The Beechers, who had been studying the lauguaxe at Maul- 
 
 % ■ ' VeX ;?'u} T l^'^'^-v.^' '''' ''r "f '^'^ ^h'e report was': churches 
 : .'l '^f"^*^'f V to'. ^^'1'^',""'^ ^^^,' preachers 44 ; scholars in day schools 421; 
 iliLi' '^'''^^"'If ^* ; uubaptized Christians 5124; mission money expended 
 on pistors preachers and scholars, (iOO rupees. Self-support, that tryin</ weari- 
 some, heart breaking problem with which many a missionary stru-.des''and not 
 mfre.,uently in vam, was being worked out under Abbot's able guuliuce Na- 
 tive pasfor, fo he .upported by natlm churches, was his principle of work. \bbot's 
 men, imbued with his own spirit, followed him willingly ; and a<rreed to relv 
 upon the churches for their support. ^ "'' ^ 
 
 ,, ^^[^^, .^/«ecl>cj- at Sandoway, Abb.,t now attempts to enter Bassein. The 
 a empt faded. A second atten.pt failed. But what Abbot could not do an- 
 other hand was doing. In IS,",- Bassein lay open to the gospel. Abbot aid 
 Van Meter-the latter had joined the mission t.. labor among the Pwo Karens 
 Abbot s people were the Sgaus-were at once on the ground. But the work of 
 the great founder of the niission is done. A few days in Bassein-days of 
 teaching-days of illnes^-then prostration-c.miplete breaking ; and he called 
 about him his beloved Karen.. " The kingdom of Christ is hei-e in Bassein," 
 he said, ,v,m must care for it faithfully. Do not rely too much on the whi o 
 teachers. Rely on (iod. If His kingdom prospers, it will prosper through 
 your efforts. If it is destroyed it will be at your hands. He that cannot make 
 increase, let h'ln not diminish." >• "iaK.o 
 
 K«««5I'"'t,'''"'-'^' ^l^'l'^^'.ture the work fell to Beecher, who at once hastened to 
 mssein. Ihere he continued his great predecessor's work, prosecutinj; it with 
 a wisdom and a vigor not unworthy of Abb,.t himself. Under Beecher the 
 churches were led nito complete independency, not only supporting their own 
 pastors but the evangelists also who labored among the heathen This hannv 
 result was brought about at the third .juarterly meeting held at Naupeheh, ( tcto- 
 ber, l«o4, when a committee appointed to consider what action should be taken 
 regarding the support of native preaching b<.th among the churches and the hea- 
 then, brought in the foll,,wing resolution : " We are agreed that for preachers 
 pastors, and ordained ministers, we should expend no more of the mcnev of 
 our American brethren So far as there is occasion to help support t.heni we 
 will CO U ourselves. It was passed by ' ' a hearty and unanimous vote. " And 
 yet vl. were not of equally strong faith. But, confessed a native pastor after- 
 ward, whose heart had sank within him, " There was no lack. Paddy fish 
 clothes, and everything th.it we really needed was supplied abundantly as 
 before And how was it about the preachnig ? Before, we were not fully 
 dependent on the churehes. In a measure we were sent and paid by the mis- 
 su.nary. We felt our imi.ort^vnce, and, perhaps, we put on airs. But, after 
 this, we could nf>t help loving our peoi)le and working for their souls " 
 
 * rom Bassein, also, were sent preachers who lab.^red at Toungoo, Honzada 
 and I rome. I ho report of a single year gave, six men at Toungoo, two at 
 Henzada a:id two at Promo. These wore supported by the Karen Home 
 Mission Society. 
 
 But what distinguishes the Karens of Bassein most, is the advance thev 
 have made in education. Mr. Beecher, in 1HG8, inaugurated the Sgau Karen 
 Normal and Industrial School, erecting buildings at a c.^st of about 'Mm or 
 40U<J rupees, all of which was contributed by the Karens themselves 
 M r»i^ I|""cher was driven fn.in the field in lH<i(!, by impaired health, 
 
 Mr. and Mrs, Carpenter succeeded to the work. Carpenter and self-sunnort 
 are almost synonymous terms, it being the refrain of his letters, tracts, aiut his 
 history of the Bassein mission. With this latter book no missionary can afford 
 to renmm unacqaamted. Mr, Parpenter had been scarcely three weeks iu th« 
 
H 
 
 bushel. Wherefore, 
 
 e close of 1847, is in 
 le language at Maul- 
 (3|)ort was : churches 
 i in day schools 421; 
 on money expenrled 
 t, that trying, weari- 
 iry strujjgles and not 
 able guidance. Nd- 
 :)le of work. Abbot's 
 ; and agreed to rely 
 
 enter Bassein. The 
 bot could not do an- 
 gospel. Abbot and 
 ng the Pwo Karens; 
 i. But the work of 
 n Bas.sein — days of 
 king ; and he called 
 is here in Bassein," 
 ) much on the white 
 ill prosper through 
 le that cannot make 
 
 at once hastened to 
 prosecuting it with 
 Jnder Beecher the 
 ipporting their own 
 ithen. This happy 
 at Nauj)eheh, Octo- 
 ion should be taken 
 urches and the hea- 
 that for preachers, 
 e of the money of 
 Ip support them we 
 limous vote." And 
 lative jiastor after- 
 lack. Paddy, fish, 
 iod abundantly as 
 we were not fully 
 d paid by the niis- 
 1 airs. But, after 
 oir souls." 
 Poungoo, Henzada, 
 t Toungoo, two at 
 the Karen Home 
 
 I the advance they 
 d the Sgau Karen 
 of about ;UK)0 or 
 naelves, 
 
 ' impaired health, 
 •r and self-8upi)ort 
 )r.s, tracts, and his 
 isionary can afford 
 hree weeks la ihu 
 
 AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION. 
 
 55 
 
 uted. An endowment fund was al.so begun which, 
 •oached 75,000 ru[)ees— about $2ti,(X)0— and it is 
 les will be realized. 
 
 field when ho laid before the Karen leaders plans for new educational buildings, 
 to be budt at an estimated cost of (5,000 rupees. At first mention, the Karens 
 were rather dazed, but finally entered ui)on the work with a will, 'as the work 
 grew the interest and contributions more than kept pace, for at the dedication 
 of the Ko Thahbyu Memorial Kail some 42,000 rupees, many times the original 
 estimate, had been contributed. • - ' . - , . , .o. . 
 
 under Mr. Nichols, has rea 
 expected that 100,000 rupees 
 
 The Karens have been learning the les.son of giving. Mr. Carpenter has 
 prepared the average per member for each year from 1857 to 187!t. For 1857 
 the average was 1 rupee, 4 annas, per member ; 1800, 1-12 ; 1805, ;]-4 ; 1870, 
 3-0; 1875, 4-0; 187!», 8-12. And '"there have been no fairs, grab-bag.s, or 
 ingeniou.s devices of any kind, to lure away their money without their feeling 
 It." It has been all straight giving. Besides the large sun's mentioned above, 
 they have given "thousands of rupees' worth <,{ gratuitous labor, besides their 
 h'.avy coiitril)utions for the support tjf the (io8|)el, the Institute, and the village 
 schools." The Karens of Bassein have shown themselves a nic people. But 
 they have had e.Kceptional loaders— Abbot, Beecher, Carpenter, Nichols. 
 
 Several attemiits have been made to secare for Bassein the Kaien 'rheolo- 
 gical Seminary ; but Dr. Binney. its first presi.lent, cliose Rangoon instead, 
 and Dr. D. A. W. Smith, after him, approved Dr. Binney's selection. 
 
 There are now 88 churches ; 8,811 members ; 27 ordained preachers ; 55 
 unordained preachers ; 85 schools ; 2,270 pupils. Contributions for church 
 puriwses during the year, 8(),;J!)8.28 ; for schools, §8,!»47.44 ; and other purposes, 
 §1,400.40. 
 
 Of the interesting Pwo Karen work we can only say that it has grown from 
 year to year until at present the converts number l.l'.'iS. A Bui'inan depart- 
 ment was added by Mr. Douglass in 1854, which has been continued by Mr. 
 Jameson. The last report gives 1 church, 13 baptisms, ami 124 members. 
 
 But, while Bassein has ttuu been growing into prominence and become a 
 marvel in miasions, the work elsewhere has been forging ahead. 
 
 RANGOON 
 
 is only leas interesting than Bassein, and had a stirring history. For a (piarter 
 of a century after the dudsons left the city, the work was very broken and 
 uncertain. Missionaries came and went ; work was undertaken and abandoned : 
 still the cause prospered, and in 1852 there were many Burman and Karen 
 converts in the city and adjoining district. lii that year the Karens were in a 
 pitiful condition indeed. The Burmans hated them, and n(»t altogether without 
 cause. For it was known that the Karens wore fa,-orable to the Knglish ; and 
 little marvel, for they had been taught by bittei' experience to appreciate the 
 ditt'orence between English rule and Burman oppression. 
 
 They bided their time, prayed that God might send them deliverance, and 
 hdlod the arrival of the English as an answer to their prayers. As the foreign 
 steamers came up the river, a few Karens, who had been watching at the pier, 
 slipped away, and might have been seen afterwards threading the jungles pro- 
 claiming the hour of deliverance. Their waiting was rewardei^ the hour of 
 their salvation had indeed come, but its coming was attended by death, l)lood, 
 and sore travail. The ISurmans, defeated, humiliated, pressed sore by the 
 English, wreaked their hate and vengeance uiMrn the Karens. " They burned 
 tiioir villages and standing cropr ; tlioy pounded their children to death in rice 
 mortara, o,- threw them into the air and caught them, as tliey fell, upmi spears ; 
 they tied women to the horns of buffaloes and t<»ro tliem limb from limb ; they 
 cut men to pieces, slowly hacking them to death throui/h BucceHHi\ o days. They 
 oven, with devilish ingenuity, crucified some Christian Karens, and, fasteniiif^ 
 the crosses on rafts, set them adrift uixm the river, that thoy might be tortured 
 in their intolerable thirst by the sight cf the cooling stream." 
 
56 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IX HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 i^eh^^rS^X^t^j'^^S- He was a .issionar, eve^ 
 Mr. Vinton hastened over from M«,?!^ F^f^d by Burman and Karen alike 
 ^.s the Karen niissionar; a d no Z """ s^^'°«" ^"". I Teacher^lntou ■' 
 had come than the Karens brgantni the Hv ^'f-f ^^at the " teacher " 
 wake of war. Every imaginable d sease heldhL / ^« ''<^"r ^"""'^^'^ '" ^^o 
 surviving Karens. The missionar rsHiearts and^,^ ?''"' ^"'^r I?r>"^*^ "P"» ^'i® 
 tered to the sick and dying And then n li ^^^ '^f'' ^"" ^« ">''y »nnis- 
 followed famine, with alUts'attcndlt Rors Frt^ °^ r^" '*'"' "'•«^"--^. 
 every Karen village had been bimied a Severv l/^ '"•''' ''""'J^^ 
 Ihe.r annshed condition was heaTbreak „J Z/ ''"'A' ^'""^'^ plundered. 
 hen.Helves and their wretchedness nnn?,f°' '"" *''''^ '=''"'« thrusting 
 
 hands for some slight relief e'' tSer'^,;:r7rV"''^ ''"^«^^ 
 stored the nee for his school/and .lis r butecl t fhff '"' ,'^'"''' '" ^'"'^h was 
 soon emptied yet the multitude of st r" n;^ Kare.is ?"''""^'- ^1' "'^'^ ^^i"« 
 i '^'''^^'.'-^'•■' procured more rice but tha? f.^^ll '' '"""'T ''''"""sIuhI. 
 then Mr. Vinton, with no money, a id ttle , ^o ' f ""7 '^■^'^••'"«^^'d. And 
 America went to the merchants'^^'.f the dty SS '"''' ^""^^--^^^ from 
 
 don't l<noiiX;7t::'p^;:.ST;;,^4teive!ir""^ r ^'"" "-' ->'> I 
 or over a year. I cannot see t his peo le dfe Ipf '"'^'"'"""^•e '''"'" America 
 
 ''^^^^'^rviit^'"".^r^;r^'^'^^'-^^^^^ ""''^■^- " ^"" '^^ "- 
 
 Hll tlu. secuH^rre'::'!''^^^ ctrhrerd''" "" *'" ^^'•'>'- "^'°- -rd is 
 Mr. Vinton now had larlr , e«m,rr ""^ f'"?"e8 if you wish. " 
 
 .1 such large numbers heS^.'chStfan'll^'h'"' '''' J"'"'^' ^'^^^ ^° '-» 
 keeping an account, and gave freely to T^h ^S^'' "»' ^^'' «"«'"I't at 
 
 he was ruining him;elf, but Mr Vhit „ h jl" ""'*'• -^'^ ^"^'"'^« feared'that 
 when asked how he expected to -re h « , '"'sgivings in the matter, and 
 
 to that." And his conHdence wh^s i,^ ,, i^^?! ^'"^''^^y I'^PJi'-'d, "Ood will see 
 repaid. But long bef«re he lit rlZ' ''^•- 1^" ^T" ^^'« '"«»ey was aU 
 I'hshed another a^d a grea ^'r.i'*'"'^ ',^^«« P-^ "'- Mr. ^•inton ha'd accom- 
 and wherever he wenirmen womon „n i i t/ ^ ''"" P*^"!*^*^ '"^d been won 
 their benefactor. " 11, "is the n. wl '^'^T' 'T^''^''' «''""»d to look m n 
 little one.s." was their tZZ^ ''Hi^relS:,;? rth'""' ''"^ "^'^ "^^ "^ ''" 
 interested -^ork of mercy had i>ro>,oh^ri \,^''''' '« ^^^ ""o we want." His dis- 
 
 succeeded in Uio o .gi;?; ■;,,,7;s;r",^f;/'"'^^ ^ ^ her husband, and 
 
 presence was a charnhjfaiSfheLJ" 'm™'"'' ,"" ^'^'' P"Pil«- S 
 >»"3t ungovernable y.-utJi. ' A ' Lv js o c ^'ffr- "'''""••'^"^ ''"«"«1 ^' « 
 Visiting in England, the superintemfent o h.'^ '' "' '"'",'* '^"••^'' ^^''"le 
 •liscouragingly „f a class of rowdy I alfl I' hnvf """" "'''""' ^"l"^!^" ^ery 
 ageable without the aid of a polic^eofKcSMri^i ';'""""""'="'« ^'>'-^n> ""'na,.-: 
 and e.xpres8ed a desire to teach thee lass sS" ) ^ "" ''ff "^ "'"^^" "'terested 
 presence exorcised the unn.anagSe .irit and t '""'f "1!"'"« *'^*^"'- "'^r 
 docile as lambs. »Ki-a'>ie spirit, and .'le unruly characters became 
 
 formed, at the suggiHtion of Mrs Vinhm . K ^''^^hi'rs ; and, in 1854, they 
 object of which was to su,., ,.rt evaiK^eliL H.l l'"" "'""" ^^''««'"» ^ociet;, the 
 lir«t unnual meeting of SHocTJ^^h '^ ""'""« ^''« lieathen. At tbl 
 
 delegates. Interesting dZu^H hil^LZ'"' ^IT""' •'* j'"'^*^'" ""'^ -'^OO y 
 «nd im rupees contributed ?,Tlu'iZt ^'K^t evangelists were apnointed! 
 Bnlv..a f,. ..n =.. r. /mri „ « 1.111. u support. Moreov.r (hev i>!i>f?~ -J " 
 
 _ .- .ai.,. ,j_((in> rupees the cuininiz voar fnr h<»«„. T r^ l'"'s-u uicm- 
 
 this 111 addition to home expenses. ^ benevolent objects, and all 
 
a missionary every 
 n and Karen alike. 
 " Teacher. Vinton " 
 hat the "teacher" 
 ce followed in the 
 1 preyed upon the 
 full as they niinis- 
 ar and pestilence, 
 !S around Rangoon 
 goods plundered, 
 y came thrusting 
 with outstretched 
 ins, in wliich was 
 iig. His rice bins 
 'Wise diminislu'd. 
 exhausted. And 
 remittances from 
 
 f .you now, and I 
 
 nce'^rom America 
 
 If you let nie 
 
 "Your word is 
 u wish." 
 
 -'oplecame to hini 
 > the attempt afc 
 ends feared that 
 the matter, and 
 , "Ood will see 
 e money was all 
 iiton had accom- 
 ? had been won, 
 iind to look uj)()n 
 the lives of dur 
 mnt." His dia- 
 ny eloquent ear- 
 iself of a great 
 churches organ- 
 
 lor husband, and 
 ir pupils. Her 
 ■»cl "luelled the 
 it here. While 
 lool spoke very 
 ; them unman- 
 once interested 
 >ngthem, Her 
 racters became 
 
 The Christians 
 I, in 1854, they 
 >n Society, the 
 ■then. At the 
 8 and 300 lay 
 ere appointed, 
 >!odged thuin- 
 sjects, and all 
 
 AMERICAN I^.^PTIST MISSIOXAUY UNION. 57 
 
 pn,s|^^il^:th:^S.: t^a^lir^f S %S '%l'^ work continued to 
 
 America where, for the" last tS ye r'M/'i: h'*^ L"^f'-\ -tuif S 
 District Secretary. He has latel/resigned and tnterecHh'"'"'^. '^'' f'"'"" '^^ 
 The work so auspiciously becun a. rl « / „i 1 , ^"'^ pastorate. 
 
 IrlZM''' """'^"f'^^-teLS'Xn'i^os'cutedr-'/h'"^ ""''IZ'^' «^d- 
 In 1878 there were 221 bantiamc, ..„ ."''^^'^''"'^ecl by 'the son of h s father " 
 
 an aggregate membership?f .^81 n eUers' "'t? ''^'''TJ ^'^ churches wth 
 the y.s,t c>f Dr. Vinton tl, Calcutta, wTth a com oanv^rK'''*^'' is memorable fo 
 ment might remark the difference leTweentr uwL ^'fT' 'f>*"he Govern- 
 Dr. Vniton died in 1887, and Mr. Uonchf^^« d for 1^ " ^' ""tutored native, 
 work. At present Mr. Seagrave, wl' ,„a i;3S th« h""' T^'^^'^i ''^^'^^ "^ the 
 Vmtons, IS the Karen missionary so th.rthe Vi t"^-!'^"' "^ ^^^ ^^^nger 
 with the mission. There are 82 ch urches Ind 4 L" '""k^ ""'^ ?^''" <^""necred 
 tions for 1890 amount to nearly .<^ 10 000 ' »"^»'bers. The contribu- 
 
 Smith, D.D., succeeded to the S «»«; ,k^^ 1^'' ^^'""'-'i' « d'^nth, D. a" VV. 
 he present. There were six in the ulf^ a ' C'"'f">ued in charge until 
 has been secured at Inse ' about liio Sf^' ' T " "^ »«^ -fnpou, 
 seminary IS being removed. With tl ^.U ttn TV.'^'"°"'-''' '" ^^'^^' ^he 
 the seminary is almost wholly supp rted bv t e ' ' T'T"'''''' ^''''^"e^. 
 Karendom. ' aupporcta by the Karen ciuirches throuirhout 
 
 work grew slo^vly until thewar in is'oVf''-''^^^^ to Rangoon. But the 
 
 mued in charge of this work, but up "rhis dea h h:'^«'8r"'n^';-, ''*''^^'^"« <^""- 
 
 to the vacant position. There are now f! nr p ' ^ '' ^"^ ^^"«'> succeeded 
 
 o..n„ecM with thi. .oriTto^^,, ",,■„■'''.'?'■ "'"', "■■■ '^'"" "= """ 
 
 TOUNGOO. 
 
 Dr. Mason, Boardinan's succpR«nr of To 
 who Hrst preached the (.V.spel ,1 T ,m ' > h7,' T '''", ^'''?''' 'nissionary 
 "f the whole Bible in Sga , K rcn wl e i in ^ f «""'l'lete,l the translatiou 
 Mason set out for Toungoo. T e i,!^ rnov w^« ' ri',''"'' "-^ "''''*• ^^ "'"' Mrs. 
 d.fhcult one. Nothwithstandi. rii rTahousAV'r' *'""' " r"""" »"d 
 December, 1852, a.inexing the wLlc nrovT^S f P ".'!'""' l"'"'=l'""«ti"n of 
 were still in a verv unsefttd , ,,!,, u' jf ; ! i "-'^"' "'® con.|Uered district. 
 "Ver the country; plundering audki'll n^ aTS/" ''T*'" .'^""'"^'•ed at will 
 
5S 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN' LANDS. 
 
 ':ei;^s^i?h/s2:it;nSjki.r^:^^r? :r ^^"t^ /'"^^ they i..p.rii,e. 
 
 journey. But nothin" d J„S°;v, ^ ^''** ^H^ ^""^^' '^» ^"" t" 'l'^-f«3r their 
 after if. days of tr^'g^trtel ' ' ''''""''^ '"^^'^"^' '^"'^ ^^'^'^'^^^ Toungo,, 
 
 arrivli';Th/;"4iet,Xru/hi'r^;r„[es:r''r /'"•^•'*^ -^'""^ ^'«y '^f^-- 
 
 began to multiply. But t e M.^ons wereT %' 1 r^^'^'f '""' ""^^ «""" «"»vert.s 
 
 Tavoy, was on the wav f u 1 of InfK ^i' ''*''"'" *^""''- ''''♦" '^"''l^r fro>" 
 
 the kingdom t,> the Karens of f ho t'"*"" '"'^^.^^^ger to preach the riospel of 
 
 at Tavo^y of the mukituTs wl o i„tS r?'''"''' T''^"'f ^^'^ '''"'^''^ ^in. 
 
 dwelt thickest, there was lounTl' Sau Qua a"' Hr^eaE'Tou'.: ""n" ''V'' 
 
 but only ui t mo to hanti/e two rnu^-^^^7„ i ^taci ea loungoo in December, 
 
 who in January emSrkedtW An ^^ receive the work from the Masons 
 
 health. AnrtLn bSan a n.w P r' "'.' T'^T "^ ^^'' M^-'*""'^ ""l«i''ed 
 
 At the end of the Ist |ear^^l co ivet's '1 'l V '^'''''"^ T"'^ ^''^''^ ^''^"^'•«- 
 
 churches, and brought h to n. fnl • ''*'''" '^'^Pt'^ed, organized into 28 
 
 18.iO converts were l,a, i/od vh J ''Sgves.,yemyrk In twenty-one month* 
 
 were 2(i00 churdrme Xrs iul t J^^ "pon the Mason's return in 1857, there 
 
 gloriously that tL Masons c ld7nr""°?'- °'"; J^\^''''^ ^ad pros,,ered so 
 
 Nor was the harvest nSy SLd Lr w''th'' ^^^Jlf '^ "'"^ '^^'^' ' '°^^-" 
 
 verts had increased to 4 733 ' ^ '''' ^""^^ ^^^^^ *^« "»™ber of con- 
 
 become a miracle among missions. loreiront— had 
 
 But the Toungoo converts must be tested bv fir.^ and fl,a f.^^- 
 when Mrs. Mason, their spiritual guide became sli^hHvdlr i '"^ °^'"^ 
 that she had come into possession^of a new lan'ua^f a^si^TuT^^^^^^^ 
 which constituted one a Christian At first T)r Mu!'..! fl""tual perception of 
 ,n-omulgation of his wife's new 'doctrines ? heS "e T marvllTh't "' ''" 
 Karens eagerly accepted the dangerous tenets thldis^ensilf? II >wedX{ 
 divisions were made, that the work languished that scS w<.rl ^ ^' \ 
 
 lltu^hThe trlTuntrh:dTy"tlet: '\ZZTi ^^'^ A^^^J^"^ — 
 undeceived, and set vigorously t^) work to undo the ^vHT?'' ^'\ '^'''"" ^'^^ 
 a difficult and trying Usk, yet before is death in it /i'' "'"^°'"^' ^'"T"^ 
 come together, u^it/was ^^onZ:!!^! ^J^ ^^^^^^^^^ ^-^ 
 Dr. Cross and Mr. Bunker had now for some time beeiTn the field Dr 
 Cross laboring among the Sgaus, and Mr. B.nker amoncf the Bghl T^^^^^ 
 two missionaries continue in charge still. In 1877 Mv Crumh ' 1 .1 
 mussion, and now works among the fled Karens. For some yea sM^PVeleth 
 labored among the Toungoo Burmans, but he has been speeded bv Mr 
 C.>chrane, who gives an interesting account of iuntrle work Jn^tf it. 
 Hand Work has also been prosecuted among the Sgaus Drcifn f^'"'' 
 translated the Bible into that language There are now n 4^^ ,? """'^ '"*'''"' 
 and 14(> churches, of which 119 are re^ported as sel suZ, tiS inTh^R"'''''' 
 department there are 30 members gathered in o"' churches ^" ^,^"'-'"'*'} 
 nnles northwest from Rangoon, situafed on th^tai; branc'hT.f tL^Irlawaddy 
 
 HENZADA. 
 
c they impprillerl 
 'oU tu dofer their 
 reached Toung(jo 
 
 second day after 
 ^iid Soon converts 
 >->»u Qu.ila, from 
 ich the 'Mis]>el of 
 hdd reached hiii» 
 wiiere the jjeople 
 »(x) in December, 
 rom tlie Masona, 
 klason's impaired 
 Jad like wildfire, 
 irjjanized into 28 
 enty-one montha 
 1 in 1857, there 
 liad prosjjered so' 
 i not been told." 
 ! number of con- 
 
 l, these convert* 
 tablished, these 
 
 I forefront— had 
 
 he testing came 
 nged, imagining 
 lal perception of 
 !> danger in the 
 irvel that many 
 
 II followed, that 
 TOre closed, aud 
 3ady credence to 
 
 test, and came 
 Dr. Mason was 
 undoing proved 
 aasociati(jn8 had 
 )rk revived, 
 in the field, Dr. 
 Bghais. These 
 unb joined the 
 ars Mr. PJveletli 
 ;ceeded by Mr. 
 1 a late Helpitnj 
 Gushing having 
 Karen converts, 
 
 In the Barman 
 One hundred 
 
 the Irrawaddy 
 
 nd Crawley had 
 the Karens, the 
 
 Karen work at 
 jlose of his first, 
 
 Aud the work 
 
 AMERICAN' BAPTIST MISSIOXARY UXIOX. 55 
 
 work there were 75 preachers and 1800 J-'r^s "'HUguration of the 
 
 indo^Sd']nte'SLr::;s:st:s? ii:"'^^"^^ - ^«^' -- -" 
 
 ary," and succeeded in imbuin" JifueS ;ifl. h "^'' '™' '^ ^^'*'''' '^ 
 
 went to Henzada, he went "o 7, ui ' 1 '"^\.h'« '.>wn spirit. When he 
 
 characteristic let er^ wr te a ' th timPuT'"^ ^r,^''*^^^^'""^ ''""•" I" '^ 
 
 amiounced.coupledVith the intlton th^t't'}.' '''""' '" ^T' ^""'^^ ^'^^ 
 would not be forthconiin.,, and sul^^^^^^^^^ money wanted for his house 
 
 to return to Maulmein, whence he'-S V. , hesSs ''TZh^r ''T '"'J 
 Jesus in America if they cannot atlord mp fiJlS, 1^ ,' 1 u ''''^ '''scijiles of 
 house I must, ueverthLss,'ri;:?rhere tt^.h" '^^ t'm "niv life"'V"^ ? 
 
 «.;,;ort ,me here. I spend my li^'^"? ^^J^^Z ^^t^rw^Sl^^ 
 counnunicants not^.uch less thanS w , . n ^-""'"T"'^ about .50 and the 
 
 falleif h'roVd cYrry "'his'rrk''"H':rad' t" U^ '" ''''' *« ^^'^''^ "^ ^^e 
 aud was therefore well "tted Tor lead" sWo For^ ^'''" ^'""''T l^' ^""8°°" 
 hand the work Drosressed in^ f h./ k ' n "J"'"" ^''^''^ "'"'^i" ^ia guiding 
 
 Theological SemK^Sch^^ll'd■;dtt:d" ^^''''''^''^^' principaLship'of thf 
 
 h^bl^^t^TteS^^ 
 
 io( ;i, tnerft wf^rt^ rAT^orfc*/^ in.'x/'^ • ,. »-JVin, ttu biia Close or 
 
 nun.bers repS tXt :« JLrs eS^^ '''''"'''t ""'>' °" ^^e 
 
 sion is Bhakin to it^ very ceKarthrdeatl of 1.''\ "*}''"" ''/^ ^'''"^- '^ ">'«■ 
 
 until'v fr: V.n iJ'X^ref '" T''^' '''^'^' '''' -ntin^Ll f.rc"harge 
 zad., as fsted bylliss We^f wl o''h\« i,"''"" '^' ^T'' "'issionaries at Hen- 
 
 Almost direct east from Henzada and situated on the Sitang river, i« 
 
 «P 
 
6o 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN' LANDS. 
 
 t] 
 
 SCHWEGYIN. 
 
 Hither came Norman Harris in September, 1853, accompanied by Sau Dumooa 
 a native Karen preacher From the beginning the work prospered, and many 
 disciples were made. In 1860, the native communicants numbered 1200 
 mt the station proved unhealthy, and the missionary was driven from the 
 field. A second tried the place but fared no better. Thpii followed a period 
 of SIX years during which the field was left to itself, ai.d the cause fought 
 for an existence The native Christians, "like orphans, bereft of father 
 and mother, left desolate, 1. epy and hungry," yearned after their early 
 teacher Harris, and prayed for his return. Moved by their entreaties he went 
 
 FiniTw^"*"'' I^aJ^M'' ^S?^''- . J"^"" P"''^^ y^^'' '"' reconstruction, 
 fssp ^P r'n''*"'f ^^^u"" ^r^^r' "*^*^ Schwegyin veteran," retired in 
 1«8J. Price followed and then Miller, and now, at present writing, they are 
 again without a missionary. They number 34 churches and 1502 com n'.uni- 
 cants, while nearly as many more have passed on to the better land 
 
 fm-f A r.T'*u "^•'.'"K ^^'■- ^^^^ ''"^'^' • "The Lord has blessed us with 
 truit. Our little church has nearly doubled. We had eighteen members a 
 year ago, now there are thirty." Another classic name in mission history is 
 
 PROME, 
 
 half-way between Rangoon and Ava, and opened to the gospel in 1854. hnna 
 before this date lu.wever, Judson and others had preached in the place, but 
 bein"done*""'^ Burman rulers prevented any sustained and continued work 
 
 Judson's farewell words are memorable. In 1830, he visited the iilace 
 and for more than three months preached the gospel to its people. At Hrst 
 there were many hearers and some inquirers, but suddenly it was whispered 
 about that .Judson s preaching had been interdicted at the palace. This was 
 enough, rhe crowds fell away, the interested held aloof, tracts were returned 
 unread and the missionary was forced, sore against his will, to abandon Pronie 
 i-arewell, to thee, Pro le ! " were his parting words. "Willingly would T 
 have spent my last breath in thee and for thee. But thy sons ask me not to 
 stay and 1 must preach the gospel to other cities also, for therefore am I sent 
 Head the hve hundred tracts that I have left with thee. Pray to the God 
 and Saviour that I have told thee of, and if hereafter thou call me, though in 
 the lowest whisper, and it reach me in the very extremeties of the empire, I 
 will joyfully listen and come back to thee." l «'. ^ 
 
 A few years later the great " Burman evangelist," Kincaid, passed through 
 the place and scattered the seed of the kingdom. But it was not until 1854 
 that a permanent station was established at Prome. In that year Kincaid 
 returned and with him Simons. These two self-denying missionaries labored 
 among the Burmans and met wiih encouraging success, in a single year as 
 many as one hundred Burmans being baptized. Dr. Kincaid was succeeded by 
 Mr. K U. Stevens, who, in turn, was followed by Mr. Tilbe. There are at 
 present six churches, all of which are reported as self-supporting, and 408 com- 
 municants^ But these figures do not, in any fair sense, represent the work 
 done at Prome. They take no account of the numbers that have died or 
 moved away, or that have gone to form the neuclei of new fields. And this 
 remark holds true of all the fields that we have surveyed. This Prome work 
 shows what can be accomplished among the hard and haughty Burmans, and 
 evan ellzcd ^^'*'""*^® '^"P® ^^"^^ '^'^^ ^^^"^^ sin-hardened nation will be 
 Still another station was opened in those stirring days that followed the 
 
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSION'ARY UNION. 
 
 6i 
 
 bllowed the 
 
 THONGZE. 
 
 But we cannot stay to write its history, we must content ourselves with a mere 
 passnig reference to Mrs Tngalls' work, whose connection with the mission has 
 made the name fam.har to all. There are now 2 churches and 270 menZrs 
 
 Of the remainuig twelve stations which are comparatively recent, we can 
 ?"ly 'nention the names with the dates of opening. They are Tharrkwaddv 
 18< > ; Bhamo. 1877 ; Maubin 187!) ; Thatone. 18lo ; Mandalay IsSr^Thayl: 
 
 K-S"E' ""^?of' \^^\' ^'^S"*"^' "^"^1 Snndoway, 1888 : Meiktila, 
 188. , and Ihibaw in 1890. At these stations there is an aggregate of about 
 60 churchu.s and 20O communicants. °* ^ 
 
 ^..J^!'^^ the tiny mustard seed sown in the early days of the mission amid 
 
 hZJlf 'f'"^.' /!f' F'""' r^J" '-' '^''^' ^'^^- The two nnssionaries who 
 braved the perils of the deep and the unknown, untried difficulties of a dread 
 liurman kingdom -the two grand workers who gave their lives for Burma's 
 
 kt"Zr7'''r':'.*''t ^*'^^"' ""'^^ ™ '^' Burman shore, where the waTes 
 KISS the land and the breaking surge murmurs a continuous elegy ; the loyal 
 husband in the bosom of the deep, where no monument marks his resthig 
 place 1 he two white teachers " ar« now represented by a band of VM earnest 
 and devoted men and women ; the one station that was so difficult of occupaticm 
 has now branched out into twenty-one ; the one c.nvert made by .ludson in 
 f II ! ?•"" *7*^ ^"*^ multitudes more, their number who can say? have 
 f..llowed him, and there are to-day 30,000 converted Burmans and Karens, 
 Sjliaiis Chins, and Kachms, gathered into 542 churches. What hath not God 
 
 Rev Dr. Jameson, in forecasting the future, says, "It is full of promise. 
 Ihe Lord caneasily double the number of believers in Burma the comin^ year " 
 Anrl Dr. King s eloquent comment is, "That means an addition of thirty thousand 
 8()u s to our Baj)tist ranks in that land. >nd why not? If we have faith in 
 God, what niay we not expect in a land into which God first forced us without 
 any intention or will of our own, and which is the land of our first l.jve and of 
 our early sacrifices and victories-a land that has been furrowed by the toils 
 and trodden by the weary feet, and planted by the busy hands, and enriched by 
 tlie prayers and songs, and moistened by the blood and tears, and converted 
 into one vast (,od s acre by the bones of scores of our noblest missi.maries ; 
 the land of Judson and Boardman, of Wheelock and Colman, those earliest 
 martyrs in Burma ; of Wade and Kincaid and ^imons and .Jones and Comstock 
 and Mason ; of I.ennett and Thomas and Crawley ; and the Vintons, father and 
 801. ; of Stalson and the Haswellsand Harris and Ingalls and Knapp and Moore 
 and \an Meter and Stevens ; of Beecher and Abbot and Douglass and Binney 
 and Carpenter and Kelly and Lyon, and many others no less worthy all of 
 whose names, though starred on earth, shall shine with the effulgence 'of the 
 stars in heaven forever ? * 
 
 "We say, wliat may we not exiiect of a land for which such costly sacrifices 
 have been made, over which so many prayers have been offered, and which for 
 more than three-score years and ten has been receiving into its bosom the living 
 seed ot the kingdom? 'Say not ye, there are yet f(mr months, and then 
 coineth harv-est I Behold, I say unto you, lift up your eyes and look on the 
 nelds, tor they are already white to harvest '—a harvest of which not <nilv 
 Moung Nau and Ko Thahbyu, but all who have been gathered in, are only the 
 precious farst-fruits, and whirh in excellence and abundance shall exceed all 
 that the eyes of God's people have hitherto beheld. Then shall Burma turn its 
 radiant face towards the land of the Telugus, and say, 'Rejoice with me. for 
 the time of my refre.shing is come.'" 
 
62 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 CHAPTER ELEVENTH. 
 
 SIAJI AM) CHINA. 
 
 HTHE Story of tlx 
 -*• phases not far 
 
 mission to the Siamese is interestinff, and in some of its 
 
 with -other „cie«e.;|s.ir;:r,u'ir'ss„„.'J;^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 American Board, and Toumlin of tlie London Mission-had vLl'fprl^i!. • i 
 out the land and had left for other fields of labor One S hes expl S S, 
 sionanes, m quitting Siam, wrote to the Baptist missionaries'" Cn a -fsK 
 them to undertake a mission to that country. isurma, .isking 
 
 The Baptist missionaries considered this invitation as orovidential a.,rl ^f 
 
 fXpt'ttS v"Tohn T'"i "T'^^ *" °^"" ^'^'^ "^^ "s£m tS d oici 
 leii upon the Kev. John Taylor Jones, a young man v ;h two years' missioiiMrv 
 
 experience ,n Burma and considered specially fitted „. hegilT. new rk^ 
 
 The Burman mission had then grown to be quite a stripling, 1,eing tweiiTy years 
 
 old and was just begunung to be fruitful in results. Had Mr. Jones continued 
 
 ul miSi' buTfe'ct':: t'u'' T ''•' f ^"^""^y *"'^ «™ «^ that w. X 
 enterprises '"' '"*"*'"" '"''°**'' '^^^ *"«"'^ "«^^ 
 
 be had ^^llhZt dnys the missionaries did not wait until communication could 
 thlif u ?Tf "'Boston, but acted in anticipation of approval Jones 
 
 therefore, embarked forthwith for his new field of labor and arrived in Ban^' 
 kok the capital of Siam, situated 25 miles up the Menani' river, h March S 
 He knew Burmese so that he could preach in that language, and he knew s..me 
 
 Wn^it ^'^"^' '■'''^^'^ '^''i^ "^"*^« ' beginifing^iA Siamese Be ig a 
 born linguist he very early acquired great proficiency m the latter laima J/ 
 surpassing even native scholars in his accurate knowledge of delicate SlToi 
 ^verTIVh"'^ the genius of the language. The King of^Siam was speedily won 
 over by the quiet scholarly, and courteous missionary, who was as readv to 
 ?rk^i«h'''!l'^'" ^'' diplomatical transactions, or to act as h tc'r preter f< r 
 work ^ American embassies, as he was devoted to his own special 
 
 Mr. Jones had but well begun work in Siam, when an event happened that 
 came near terminating his promising career. He had gone to SiSpore to do 
 some printing and while there, he and Mr. Dean, v.ho had reached Uiat pkce 
 on his way to Siam, went out in a small boat to cai^ry little George Dana Board 
 man aboard a homeward bound ship. While on their way to^he sWp thev 
 were set upon by a band of Malayan pirates. The boatmenVere speared' bo?h 
 missionaries wounded, and Mr. Jones thrown into the sea \tE critical 
 juncture the pirates, having secured a box of letters and ournas retired 
 7tr,^"- ^'"" f'^,''«eeded in helping Mr. Jones into the boat again So n 
 shore Tfor'"-'"^'" ■"^' ^y ^^r-' ^^^"^^ ^"^'^ -nd returned safely to the 
 tt7pear^st.g"Xrrdr^""''^ '"'^^"'^'^' '"^ *^^^ '^^^^'^ '^^ ^^'^^ «' 
 Pon.i?'"' n".u-' I"'f*'=^^f'i the Gospel to all classes in and about Bangkok be- 
 
 of Tl e^cr!c?fi !}^A *° "^^ "^'."V'^^f ^'' n^' ^"^-^ «"'"''• But the matchlss story 
 of the crucified One seemed to have little attraction for the people of Siam 
 The imperturbable indiflerence with which all classes-high and low S 
 priest and people-regarded the Gospel message, was heart-breakincr • and h^ 
 missionary evinced a wonderful faith and unwearying patience in his Zsecu 
 tion of the work. Hearers there were plenty, and inquirers not a few but 
 
 • r'trtr' '""^ " ^^^i^^'*""^- • ^'^'^ "'^^^^^ into iZth" and month 
 mtoye.ar.., yet no permanent impression was made, And tiius passed fifteen 
 years, and not one single Siamese convert. Had the Gospel lost its speU? 
 
AMKRICAX IJAI'TIST MISSIOXARY UXION. 
 
 ^i 
 
 tedious lears"" 'r£ """" l''?f '•"^', '"^^ «!«'> l**^'"" prosecuted during' those 
 tedious years. The ino.iun.ental work of the niissioiiary's life was his trvnshi 
 
 SLeScSuirclos.?'^ ''''"•"^ ^^ "^^'^^ «l«*^ki"g his dili- 
 
 gence untu death closed ..■ is TiyssiuDr,- v career in 1851. 
 
 work for a thn, atl^n"^ii '' h '^ ^'^'' ' '"*^'^ ^'- '^'""-^^ "» l^-^^- continued the 
 
 promise cLwd . llh f ' ''"T " ^'^'^''- , ^^"^ '» 1*^*''> "^^er fields of more 
 promise ciaimea all the funu r -^^>- ^oniniand of tlm R,,o..,i o«^ t-u • • 
 to the Siamese was suspende . ^"'""'a'^tl ot the Board, and the nussi ,n 
 
 was JiV'"'^"'" ''"^"'""' ""'"^ '"'''^'"^ ^'^^ '""'° «"'^<='^«« than the Siamese work, 
 
 MISSION TO THE CHINESE IN BANGKOK. 
 
 siona^rcri7driimf'."'''T'^'''''f '"^"^"^^'"^^«' «" that the hardiest mis- 
 TaS^ew tracts n. Hi *"" "m ''" occasional descents on the coast and 
 scatter a tew tracts and Bibles in the great sea-port towns But haui.ilv all 
 China was not in China, for the Celestials overflowed the boundaries their 
 own land, nlhng the adjacent kingdoms Siam, Java, and SuSra As "'anv 
 oi these were constantly returning, it was resolved to send them back with the 
 thrilling message of the Kingdom. This was no light task ; ye darin^T spirits 
 
 Now, it was computed that in Bangkok one-third, at least, of the ponula- 
 lon were Chinese and as China was a sealed country, this great city strScWng 
 
 opem ons'^^^llfit''" ^"'' "V-'^ "^"^' ,"""''^ f"^"'-^h an e'xcellent^ei.tre fo? 
 sLm Th„ Missionary \ nion resolved, therefore, to station a worker in 
 
 tlL Ji? P T ''""'" '7"/''" ^^"''- ^^'"''*'" I^^''"' ^^ho sailed from America 
 
 ollowim ^-ear " H ''l I" '^''fi' i^''' ^"^'^"■i^-l '« ^-^K^ok in June of the 
 tol lowing year. He labored in Siam until 1842, when he left for Hong-Kcmg. 
 
 Wkok-ri^fu n^'''"'V^ recruiting his health, and returned to 
 
 Bangkok in 18t.4. Iwenty years later, in 1884, he retired from the work, and 
 18 ^t present enjoying a well-earned leisure in his native land. 
 ««=.v?"i"°' I'^ "" '"'"'."^ "^ ^"'"''''''^ ""t a few illustrious workers were 
 
 ZoTtu!^' "'"• ,'" "T r ""^"^'^"^ '^' '^^'■"'^"t '^■'d -ardent Chilcott! 
 whose future seemed .so full of promise. But. alas : he was spared to the 
 
 Throe!.':,; -I H^"r-^ '""' ^'"^ ^'^ '^"y^- "'^ ^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^ielde, was upon 
 Hrfin.? f- r !"'®' ^"'^J "^ r message could reach her, she received the 
 cSard lu '^^pi^th only .after landing in Calcutta. Of Dr. Ashmore, Josiah 
 trpftnf ,'.; Fielde, and other worthies, we shall write when we come to 
 
 treat ot missions in China. 
 
 rh;n?r'-^ «"' gratifying results crowned the labor for the conversion of the 
 Uimese in Siam. Though the population was ever shifting, the membership of 
 the churches increased from year to year. In 1874, as many as one h-.r.dred 
 and torty-hve converts were baptized. In tlie followinc- year the work of -r.ace 
 continued, and ninety more were received ; while in 1881 seventy were added 
 to the church. At the close of the latter year the communicants numbered 
 
■64 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 at the close of 1888 to-thirteen Thi,^!J; \ • ? ^'' *" seventy-three ; 
 
 in this way : Many o the converts exr.ioTprW^ *" *^''"'' '•««"l''^'l 
 
 Shuck p™.oj'rs„J::,rLt«..S'wt'rii ~*i,£,"""«^"^' *'■ 
 
 THE SOUTHERN CHINA MISSION. 
 
 r£: . :'cSi',u;'-,,!;;r' ';r" '"":,'"' ''""■■ 'I'-'S ««.»"!"- t.'rs 
 
 Hut hard feolinKs were not all. Thov sonieti.n.m b».k dis-a-ree^hl" fih»n« 
 au that very fr«,u, My =get,tin« about wan liko runnin^a gamftS of ;«vagS " 
 
AMERICAN' I'.APTIST MISSIONARY UNION. 
 
 65 
 
 acco„,panin.ent8 o?h tur'L, " h \'nia'J'''in 'h ^^"h"'".?' "^"f' 
 
 there was a fresh outburst. In that year Franco ,ul,] Phi!, . J 
 
 Chinese hate was airaiu stirred to its depths a<minst the " f re m, di^^ ik '■ T 
 mission work was stoi)ped. The Dreachers eo I , 1 ^'"'^'^'8'' ««V'«- . The 
 the strejj. The n.islil,naries ;::u,ldatnKJ;;t't „ 'XU*^' 8cl'X"^j;S 
 
 eiT^'/^'i^ob's'r",'?^ '"' TT^" ^"«""««''^^ ^"«-'^ hties and te r'r 
 ruuiel Mobs beu;aii to pnrade the streets, and but waited for darkness to 
 
 e.,n their work of .leinolishinj. cliapels a.,,1 the looting of Oh ^t ^ h usL 
 ul 1 e everyday some Hying messenger from the outstations bore the mis ',: 
 arus nd ni-s of some new insult or ininnneut danger. Fugitive cSis 
 
 pv,-,,;^'"' ^^"""^A- ^'^'^ <^''''"'*'»«" «till cherishes his dislike of forei«ners and 
 have c..i.,lni„..,l Iho t..re«,iinK "c.iii.t, " if .-,■ «™ „.,H„ Cm'u , w» J/mT-r 
 
 :::;xr,h':'',,:r .i;;;::r;;„.';',,:i:r.'- "' ^™""« ""i"--- ^ ™ - i- 
 ,,,.,,,,„, i,.,y c„n„t,,i ,i,..h- „„„■„,„ i,v „ „, ,i,„ .,, :r; t. ' , t ,, i" 
 
 baptised, thereby increasing the .neinbership to live hundL ami wolve Th 
 
 '"^ourtiern t,hiiia Mission is reported at IKiO Thna n,.fu.ifi„.f . ]• i Y 
 insuperable obstructions, the'work has ur.w.i ," t'i 1 e^^^^^^ '^l',"""^ 
 
 statio„s.-,Swatow. Munkenliai.g. 1,HH2. and'-K;:;?,.. "s! ) tw. n v ni'ZnaWr 
 twenty.nine native assistants, and more than eleven hundred c'mn, rier; 
 
 worker Vr' uui" ^"'"^••j'"'^-' "'"^^' h|ruely to this result th-u, that t io' of 
 workers-Dr. Ashniore. whose nanx. and work are fi-niiliarlv kimwi. in everv 
 mission circle of the rni„„. Mr. I'artri.lge who |,a« .iv..,, ne„rl ! ^Z v S 
 o faithful service and Miss Fieide. il,.- author of '' Pagoda Shad ws''()? 
 .|ther devoted missionaries who have died, or resigned, or are i^w nt.nnerti , 
 
 h the work we have no space to write. Their record is ,,, high V,m1 
 the trio mentioned we write of Dr. .Ashmore onlv. We believe that h s a 
 splendid example of one endowed ivitl. ..v-ei-H-m-i n-^sl-}- l , "" .i" » 
 
 ;h.« cause of foreign missions. Would tlmt ■tlu.;r J :;!^:t'\;h;n:™r;n;; 
 the work of ap,.stles among the perishing millions of A.ia! I)id mor™^^^^^ 
 
66 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IS HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 Lord s commission in the full sweep of its intended literalness ; did more hear 
 the low wail of heathen nations, and realize in any measure their awful condi- 
 tion— without (iod and without ho{)e "— wc know not how lands, now ihmm<r 
 trom extremity to extremity witli uospel preaching, could hold them. No one 
 denies the need of the home churches and that of homo missions ; but let all 
 remember, church-members, deacons, Sunday school teachers. Band and Circle 
 workers, lay preachers and pastors, that abroad is an untouched portion of the 
 race as yet wholly destitute of the gospel ; and this is— () (i„d, how can we con- 
 fess it without shamefacedness and streaming tears! this is the year of our Lord 
 eighteen mndred and ninety-two '. When, oh when will the Christian church 
 acknowledge her indebtedness (Rom. i. 14) to the heathen and make some 
 attempt, to give them the gospel, worthy of our great Leader '. 
 
 Dr. Ashmore has been on the foreign field forty years, thirty of which he 
 has passed in connection with the Southern China Mission. For a time he 
 served as Home Secretary uf the Missionary Tnion, but though his services 
 were greatly appreciated, and seemed almost indispensable to the work in 
 America, the greater and mr)re urgent need abroad claimed him. 
 
 He has been a prolific writer on almost every j.hase of mission work, and 
 tew command a larger or more appreciative hearing than tliis veteran who has 
 been in the thick of the tight for forty years. His letters are thrilling in their 
 earnestness, while liu trumpet call to the battle is profoundly stirring He 
 believes with all the strength of heart and intellect, in the foolishness of preach- 
 ing, and pleads with moving eloquence for evangelists— men who know and can 
 preach the gospel. " What the heathen need," he writes with almost painful 
 intensity of conviction, "what the heathen need is somebody capa))lo of show- 
 ing them the way of salvation— somebody who will stick to that one thing until 
 the thing 18 done, or until his head is gray— one who won't turn aside or allow 
 himself to be switched off on some side track. To be sure they will need other 
 builders by-and-bye, but just now they need evangelizers !— evangelizers "— 
 evangohzers !:: earnest, upright, downright, regular, persistent evangelizers, 
 —to go up and down among the six hundred millions of Asia, telling the few 
 and simj)lo saving truths that are essential to the soul's salvation." 
 
 And to this evangelistic crusade the great missionary is now bending his 
 every energy. He and his colleague, Mr. Foster, who is thoroughly one with 
 hi.n are tremendously in earnest. Tiiey feel that the immediate and pressing 
 need on the Swatow Held is the proclamation .,f the gospel. Drawinir the 
 preachers off from the churches they go in solid force into the neglected towns 
 and villages. S(»metimes the two missionaries "go separately, but at other 
 times together, taking with them the main staff of preachers anywhere from 
 BIX to a I (./.en." In some towns they have broken through tiie sluggish indiffer- 
 ence of the heathen, rousing them to attention, so that mai'.y are beginning to 
 inquire whether these things are so. » o 
 
 And the result is: to the missionaries, joy and satisfaction; to the 
 preachers, nc- zeal and earnestness ; to the churches, a new era of beginning 
 to help theni.H. ves ; and to those who have never heard of (iod's love in Christ, 
 the knowledge of the way of life. 
 
 We must write more briefly of 
 
 THE EASTERN CIHNA MISSION. 
 
 This mission was opened in 184a, when P. .1. Macgowan, M.D., settled at 
 JNnigiM. and began medical work among the exclusive Chinese of that great 
 city. His medicnies j.roved a veritable "open si^same," all classes -loming to 
 turn tor healing, so that in a single year he treated as many as 1'2,(K)() individual 
 
 oaaei. 
 
 In^l848,^pf. Macgowan was joined by the Rev. .Tosiah Ut)ddftrd, 
 
 made his name imperis 
 
 glory of the Ningi)o inis.'sion." Mr. (foddard 
 
 the 
 bio 
 
 la 
 
AMERICAN BAPTIST .MI.^SKJNAKV I XIoX. 
 
 67 
 
 did more hear 
 r awful coiuli- 
 Is, now ringing 
 hem. No one 
 lis ; bur let ail 
 and and Circle 
 portion of the 
 )w c>vn we con- 
 ;ar <if our Lord 
 riatiaii church 
 A make some 
 
 :y of which he 
 lux a time he 
 h his services 
 1 the work 111 
 
 ion work, and 
 teran who has 
 rilling in their 
 
 stirring. He 
 less of preach- 
 khow and can 
 dnir.st painful 
 )able of show- 
 tne thing until 
 aside or allow 
 AW need other 
 mgelizers ! 1 — 
 
 evangelizers, 
 dling the few 
 
 w bending his 
 j;hly one with 
 J and jiresNing 
 
 Drawiii!^ the 
 glected towns 
 
 hut at other 
 lywhere from 
 fcjgish iudiffer- 
 
 beginning to 
 
 don ; to the 
 
 of begiiniing 
 
 Dvo in Christ, 
 
 D., settled at 
 of that great 
 H'H ';oiiiiiii{ to 
 KXt individual 
 
 )ddard. •' the 
 imperishable 
 
 through his scholarly translation of the New Testament into the CLinose 
 anguage. Ihis was completed in LS.'kI He also began the translation of tlie 
 Old iestament, and was making go(,d progress, having reached Leviticus, «hen 
 an untimely death closed his career 'and cut short his work. Mrs (ioddaid 
 the wife, also contributed valuable .service to the mi.ssion. In early years we 
 are told, she labored in a cotton factory near Boston. A young conniani m, wiio 
 toiled 111 the same mill, discover^ a great interest in her, and perceivin-' that 
 she was possessed of uleiits and missionary zeal, devoted her slender savings 
 to her education. And thus the poor spinner, whose name is not even rworded 
 contributed a missionary t.. the work who afterwird labored for the heathen 
 on the other side of the ghibe. 
 
 In 18(18 fourteen years after his .ther's death, .Tosiah R. Godtlarf), the 
 son, returned to the foreign field and became the X-;ni,.p„ misdonary. He has 
 heen on furlough but once, and is still a the head of the Ningjx. n.ission. 
 <)ther workers have also contributed ethcicnt service— Dr. Lord^ who joined 
 the mission m 1847, and died of cholera in 1887 : Dr. Knowlton, called tlie 
 Confucius of the west," who gave twenty years of intense toil to the work : 
 ur. liarchet, who still continues Dr. MacCJowan's medical work, and sthers 
 
 In casting up results it must be remembered that the missionaries had to 
 overconie similar obstructions to those we have already recounted in our narrative 
 of the Southern China Mission. There has been no special outi.ouring of the Spirit 
 on this held, but there have been steady travail and soul birth. The first convert 
 was not received until 184!t. six years after the inception of the work. Siuce that 
 memorable year many more have been born into the kingdom, but how many 
 we cannot say. Dr. Knowlton alone is said to have baptized three hundred 
 converts, many of whom have been translated, with their spiritual father, 
 into the realms of blis.s. At present there are reported, in connection with 
 the JNingpo station, 7 churches and LT.l communicants. 
 
 Besides Niiigpo there are three other stations— Shaohing, opened in 18(19, 
 where Mr. Jen., urn, a veteran of thirty years' standing, devotes his time to 
 the theological training of native heli.ers; and Mr. (Jouhl, who is the evang.d- 
 istic missionary ; Kmhwa, opened in 188.'?, where the indefatigable Ailams holds 
 on his way, notwithstanding ths many invitations he has received from the 
 natives to " cme and bo killed ; " and Huchan, in 188(i, whose missionaries 
 are at jiresent in America. 
 
 To sum up in a sini/le sentence the present standing of the Eastern China 
 Mi-sion. There are four stations ; twe.-ity-two missionaries ; forty native as- 
 sistants, and more than three hundred communicants. 
 
 It will thus appear that mueii hard and trying pioneering work has been 
 done ; that a permanent footing has been gain.d, stations opened, the ground 
 cleared, much seed sown, and reinforcements added to the missionary start' in 
 expectation of a largo reaping. May the L«.rd grant a bountiful harvest. 
 
 The Missionary Tnion has still a third centre of work in China, which is 
 
 THE WESTERN CHINA MISSION. 
 
 This is the latest movement among American Baptists in China, and has 
 8ome new features that distinguish it from the other missions of the I'nion. 
 The migsioiiaries reliiKiuish any salary, agreeing to draw only their necessary 
 Buijport. Messrs. Tpcraft and Warner are the leaders in the new enterprise 
 and have jienetrated into far Western China, having followed the windings of 
 the great river Yangtse Kiaiig. They have settled upon Sii.-fu as a centre for 
 work. Mr. Warner writing under date .huio 10, I8i»|. informs us that already 
 ;. 1 ,".'■' """ ■•-ni3rjVc.-i iimi-c frjcnuiy mar. at nrsr arrUrti. lie ifiates 
 ihoir kindly reception in a town where hut a year jireviously they had been 
 hooted and laughed at. Already there are those impiiriinf the way, wiiile some 
 
68 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN' HEATHEN' LANDS, 
 
 have asked for baptism. Reinfurcements are beins; pushed forward to streiK^then 
 the new mission and it promises to be a centre of light to a vast surrounding 
 region where the people have groped in darkness for ages. May the blessing 
 of the Highest attend this band of enthusiastic workers and may thousands risi 
 up and call them blessed. 
 
 We have thus briefly outlined the work of the American Baptist Missionary 
 union in Unna. Inchidmg the one missionary to the Chinese in Siam, there 
 are all to "-the veterans and the recruits, those resting in America and those 
 toiling among Chinas millions-there are all told 52 missionaries, of whom .'U 
 are women. There are also 73 native assistants, 19 churches and 1573 com- 
 municants. Those results are simply the earnest of that full harvest in which 
 the multitudes of the land of Sinim shall be gathered into the kingdom. 
 
 Ml 
 
 \w' 
 
 CHAPTER TWELFTH. 
 
 ASSAM. 
 
 SADIYA. 
 
 T N' the year 1835, two missionaries, set apart by their brethren for a new 
 enterprise, (luitted Burma, proceeded to Calcutta and, leaving that city, 
 ascended the great Brahmaputra, fol'owing its windings for months, as they 
 pent-trated deeper and deeper into the country, until, far up the river and near 
 the eastern extremity of Assam, the two pioneers, in March, 1836, reached 
 hacliya a station of the P:a3t India Company. Hore they established a mission, 
 tor '^adiya was a town of strategic importance, commanding the entire sweep of 
 the Brahmaputra valloy, the whole region of upper Burma, and the highway 
 into Tibet and China. Moreover, it would be a -lak in the long chain of 
 statimis that v^as to connect Siam with Burma, P -vti with Assam, Assam 
 with China, and China with the conversion of the .rid. Missionaries were 
 tew and faith big in those early days. Yet great en erprisos make heroes and 
 Jittle marvel if the pages of early mission history are crowded Mth great names. 
 Ihis now movement was to meet with ditticulties. Sadiva proved unten- 
 able an I tho missionaries were forced to fly for their lives, they then settled 
 at .laipur, three days' journey further down the valloy, but lliis in turn not 
 proving a desirable station, they removed to 
 
 SIBSA(fAR, 
 
 and thus opened the first |)ermanent station in Assam. This was in 1841, and 
 
 the two missionaries were Nathan Brown and Oliver T. Cutter. 
 
 Avn^^'" '/'"",?"' ^"■^ l)Hpti/.od at the early age of nine ; was graduated from 
 
 Williams College at twtnty ; and for a few year, filled the positions. ,f teacher 
 
 ami editor. But the fire of foreign missions was burning in his soul, and he 
 
 was iiot at rest, .ludson's appeal from Burma calling for laborers moved him. 
 
 What Christian," wrote he to his father, "can road the appeals from Mr. 
 
 Juds )n, and not fool a desire to go and stand for the he', of the L )rd a^'ains*- 
 
 the mighty i For .)no, T cannot think of staying back. 'it he said he did. 
 
 l-or he tolls us in the Mi.moiiani Gull: — 
 
 " The vows of Ood are on me ard T may nr.l op 
 To play with shadows, or pluck oar hly flowers. 
 Till I my work liavo dune and rnnde "d 'in account. 
 The voice of my departed L )rd, ' :to teach all nations,' 
 From tho eastern world 
 Comos on the night air and awakes my ear." 
 
 
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION. 
 
 69 
 
 d to strengthen 
 
 8t surrounding 
 
 ay the bbssing 
 
 thousands rise 
 
 itist Missionary 
 in Siam, there 
 !rica and those 
 IS, of whom 81 
 ind 1573 com- 
 irvest in which 
 ngdoni. 
 
 ren for a new 
 ing tliat city, 
 onths, as they 
 river and near 
 1836, reached 
 hed a mission, 
 iitire sweep of 
 d the highway 
 long chain of 
 \ssarn, Assam 
 iionaries were 
 ce heroes, and 
 1 great names. 
 [)roved unten- 
 y then settled 
 s in turn not 
 
 J in 1841, and 
 
 iiduated from 
 onsr.f teacher 
 I siiul, and he 
 3 moved him. 
 lals from Mr. 
 L >rd again9^ 
 e said he did. 
 
 t, 
 ions. 
 
 He reached Maulmein in 1833, and though he remained only two years in 
 Burma, he made lumself, in that brief period, such a master of the lrn.a.a«e 
 that his Burman hymns are sung to-day. Reaching Assam he soon acmired 
 that language, and set himself to the producing of a literature for the \ssamese 
 converts. In a present collection of three hundred and thirty hvmns siv, 
 two are translations by Mr Brown. But a more serit.us work was his si'.lend^ ' 
 translation of the entire New Te,stament, and select portions from the ( d* 
 Tostament. Besides his literary labors, he made long preaching tours and ,(id 
 much evangelistic work. He continued in Assani twenty vears, whe le 
 returned, broken m health, to America never to see Assam ag^in Still " t m 
 vows of (.od were on him," and accordingly in 1872 we Hnd him in Japan, wheie 
 he did a Sim. ar work in translating the New Testament into Japanese. On 
 New \ ears Day, 188 J, he breathed his last at Yokohama. He loved the 
 Japanese even as he h'id loved the Burmt.e and the Assamese ; and he had 
 inscribed on his tombstone : " God bless the Japanese." Thus died a devot».< 
 missionary whom Max Muller would rank "among the worthies of the nin " 
 teenth century. 'c umi. 
 
 Before Dr. Brown quitted Assam he saw the mission well established and 
 several ^""Yfrts gathered in Other missionaries have continued his work a 
 Sibsagar-the Whitmgs, the Wards, the darks, and theCJurneys. Mr (furnev 
 has completed the translation of the Old Testament, m that the Assamese have 
 now the whole Bible in their own language. 
 
 A very important work begun at this station was tliat among the Kohls 
 ihe hrst converts were baptized in 1871, since whicli year converts from this 
 tribe have steadily increased, so that at present the Kohl mLmbership exceeds 
 by several times the Assamese. ^ e.xcttus 
 
 Another worthy name in connection with the A.ssam work is that of Dr 
 lironsoii, who opened the second stati(jn at 
 
 NOWO()j;,i. 
 
 Miles Bronson joined the Assam mission in 1837, and in 1838 moved to Jair)ur 
 where he began work among the hill tribes. He tirst turned his attention t.'. 
 the huigphos, but, hnding the Nagas mco numerous, he visited them, DrcDared 
 books in their language, and so won their good will that they built hin! a house 
 and invited hnn to dwell in their midst. He went, and continued with them 
 tor a time, hut hardship, exposure, and illness forced iiim to the plains " We 
 cannot ask you to stay here and die," said the Nagas, regretfully ; " (Jo there- 
 fore, and get well and come again," while the aged chief added. " Ref.,re you 
 return I may be gone, for my hair is ripe, but my sons will stand pledged to 
 be friends with you. ' h^ ^ •- > 
 
 Bronson therefore, returned to Jaipur, and when that station was aban- 
 doned m 1841 he retnoved to Nowgong and began work among the Assamese 
 A notable feature of his work was his orphan institution, which he (,pened m 
 1844, and continued until 18r)(i. Of this institution Mrs. (-urney says "If 
 he had never done any other work for tho Assamese, save this scliool, Assam 
 would have reason to bless his memory ior this. Charles, the beloved pastor 
 of Nowgong, was a sample of manhood and Christian li' i.;;. for whoin anv 
 missionary might have tlianked (iod and taken courage, '..d there are still 
 Hvu% men from the school whoso influence and lives are a iiower of good " 
 
 Dr. Bn.nson had the h..nor of baptizing Nidhi Levi, the tirst Assamese 
 convert. He also baptized the hrst (Jaro converts, and organized the Krst 
 church among that interesting tribe. But, what with teaching, translating 
 preparing books m Singpho. Naga. Khunti, and Assamese, compiling his dic- 
 tionary (the literarv \.<irk of hia llfe^ ivroo-.l,;..., 1.... ..;..:„„.. _..„!_ -^^ .. 
 
 his Christians, and doing the multitude of things that fall to a missionary, liia 
 was a full life. He continued forty years in the work, and his farewell words 
 
m 
 
 70 
 
 BAFn.ST WOKK IS HEATHKN LAXDS. 
 
 i«art 'H 
 
 he 
 
 re. 
 
 Sw (L(i lic> forg'at 
 
 whun leaving u>r America were, " I do not want to <fo my 
 desire above all things to live and labor for Christ here 
 
 the land of his adoption. Tu his last hou.s his spirit was again in Assam 
 eaemng Christ and eonvermng with the native Chri'stians. ile departod thS 
 life at Laton Rapids. Michig,.,n, November 10, ]88;{. 
 
 Be.sides the Br.,ns..ns oth.-r missionaries lived am! labored tt JSV-wgon'r of 
 who,., we mention the Daubbs, Tohnans, S.-ot-s, Neighbors, an,! Moorel Nor 
 should this history .mnt the nnrne of one who .lever worked either at Sadiya 
 . aipur Sibsagar or Nowgong This was Mr. Thomas, who was killed by two 
 trees falling fi'om the bank whe,, ..oproachi,;!; .--.diya in 1H;]7. F-rownson, his 
 companion, had fallen .11 as ; hey were voy..,ing\.p the Brabioaputra. and 
 Ihonias was hastening on m advance, in a light- rano swift, i boat to seem-e 
 medical aid, when he was thus sudd'.^dy cut dou „ ' "" 
 
 There ,s still a third name connected with the pi..ueiTin.' work in .\.^. ,.m 
 Cyrus Barker jomed the mission in 1840, and, in 184;j, opo„ed th. .„i,.si,„i at 
 
 GAIJHATI. 
 
 man Jielr.*"^ r^? ^S^"^' ^^'^^l^'^ly^^vk but he was not spared to the mission 
 Sfff I ■ '^'^•''•"•"■■■'^.fe'^bleandfar g.me in consumption. Delaying 
 Hhtleloo Ion.; .0 dul n.,.. live to sec America, but m.,io his .-rave in thl 
 southern ocean, ,,ot far ir,-,.. the Mo.amb„,ue channel. ( .(her workers til ed 
 his place, bul at broken intervals, so that for two hmg p., ,nds, one o St 
 years, nnd ,.„e ot seven years, there was no foreign miss,, .ar; on the Held 
 During the latter period, Kundura, a native preacher, had ch.rg^, and did^^.i 
 work In connection with Gauhati there are four churches ,;,°d 292 cmmu 
 
 .'.asam falls int.i tliree natural divisions, the Brahmaputra .alley, the Sur- 
 
 ,,a vall.y and the vvatershed between the two rivers. The Assamese dwelMn 
 
 he plan.s and the three statmns Sibsagur, Nowg.mg, and (Jauhati lying in the 
 
 Brahn,aput,;a valley represent the work among the Assamese. The Union has 
 
 n,. stations in the >Sur,na valley, but the hills are being dotted with them \t 
 
 present work is conducted a,nong tiie (iaros and the Nagas. We have pee,l how 
 
 Dr Brons,m, ni 18..,t, baptized the first fiaros, and organized the Hrst church 
 
 , 1,S(,<. .Shortly after the Stoddards entered upon tlfis promising work set 
 
 thug hrst at (Joaipara, but the missh.n was ttnally removed to ' 
 
 TURA, 
 
 still furtiier d,.wn the river than (iauliati and ab,mt 100 n,ile8 into the hills 
 lie names of the hrst two converts were Omed and Ramkhe. About a yea^ 
 a ter these two were bapt,z.3j they returned to their native hills and began work 
 among their pe<.ple. Ramkhe taught a school and Omed did the work of an 
 evangelist. Tney met witi, bitter opposition but (iod bles.sed their efforts for 
 the conver.s.oa of their tribe, so that the first church organized, con.sistinu of W 
 
 In? :?; f^l^ ?' Tf ""-'''■ '"'""• ■■'•"• ^'»" ''^'^^ - auspiciously'bcgu, 
 in no way felUhort of the antioipalmns entertained. At the end of the first 
 
 f.'u'm"! ' ' ^'''' ''■''"''*^'' '""'"h^'i-ship had increased to (110, while at the close 
 of 18.i0 there were reported 11 chnrclies with a membership of l.'7C The Ma- 
 s.msaud the Phihps early succeeded to this work and contini i- charge stil 
 bomewhere about 1870 Mr. Clark opened a stati.ui at 
 
 MOLUNG 
 
 f,.r work among the N 9. Pioneering work is alwa . \U:l ,.;i and so „roved 
 Mm attempt at won. am-..,, th. Nagas. Mr. Clark h. ^ ...ed se^l yi us 0I 
 clos,. incessant toil at Sibsagur, when ho turned His fat - ^ .",1s the hills and ' 
 
SSmBm 
 
 com mil - 
 
 AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNKJX. 
 
 71 
 
 rfsylved to carry the fTOspel thither. And thither he went and passed his first 
 night, like Jacob, making a stone his pillow. At the end of nine vearH he had 
 mastered the language, reduced it to writing, compiled a dicti,)narv. grammar 
 eateclnsm, hymn hook, and put through the j.ress translations uf Matthew and 
 .loliii. His Naga church in that year reported U members. There are at mv 
 sent three churches and 72 communicants. Two other stations have also beeii 
 opened among the ^agas, one at Kohima, the other at W'.ikha 
 
 And thus has the Assam work grown from small beginnings until at uresent 
 there are in connection with the mission, 152 missionaries, 24 native preachers 
 i).5 other helpers, 2() churches and 20i:i communicants. In 1841 the mission' 
 aries rejoiced over their first c.mvert • while, in 1H!K), they baptized '>()■> 
 believers. The pioneering work is largely done, and we may hope fir a stead^ 
 advance. May it be the Divine pleasure t.j speed the coming of His kiiK^dum 
 
 CHAPTER THIRTEENTH. 
 
 TEI.ITir lANIl. 
 
 u Vf AN proposes, but Ood disposes." And so it came about that two 
 ^ mi8.sionarie8 who arrived in Calcutta, February 5th, IH.'Ki, en route 
 
 for the same held of labor, separated in that city, one proceeding to Burma, 
 destined to lead into the kingdom tliousaiids of converted Karens ; the other 
 pursuing h,8 way to the Telugu country where he was to labor for years under 
 the most trying discmragements, and was finally to lay down his work with 
 no apparent results The first .,i.itted his field after sixteen years of successful 
 lab..r, every year being marked by great accessions to the faith, while the 
 second followed a few months later, after passing his whole missi.jiiary career 
 m sowing the seed of the kingdom. These two names are familiar to all- 
 blisha L. Abbot, the founder of the Bassein Karen mission, than which no 
 more glorious work has ever been accomplished ; and Samuel S. Dav the 
 inaugurator of the mission to the Telugus, a mission which is to-day th.' stand- 
 mg miracle of work in heathen lands. The story of the Bassein mission has 
 been told in the foregoing pages ; the story of the Telugu mission we now 
 proceed to narrate. 
 
 When Mr. Day reached tlie Telugu country, his first work was to decide 
 upon some suitable place in which to begin ..perations. For it must be r.-mem- 
 bered that the Telugu country is one of great dimensions, and that the Teluttu 
 people are a great nation The country stretched along the Bay of Bengal for 
 mure than bOO miles, and far into the interior. 
 
 At that time there were but two missionaries laboring aniona tlie Telu.'us 
 -missionaries of the London Mission settled at Vizagvpatam. Now Viza'irapa- 
 tain was one of the many chief stragetic centres, being a thriving seaport town 
 and would answer as a first entrance into the Telugu country, while the mis- 
 sionarii^ stationed tliere would be ready to advise as to the most i.romisin« 
 sphere for labor Thither, accordingly, Mr. Day proceeded and, after soni! 
 consu.^atioP and study of the country, thought for a time of settling at Chica- 
 cole a large town several miles up the coast from Vizagapatam and a good een- 
 tre for reaching the thousands inhabiting that district ; but before leaving Cal- 
 cutta the missionary had come to an understanding with Rev. ftir Malconi 
 who was the., making the round of the missiuas of the Triennial Coi.ventio' 
 and who had ngroed to call at Madras, that no definite conclusion should be 
 reaohed until they tw<.) had consulted together. 
 
 f 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
72 
 
 iBAPTIST WORK I.V HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 And thus It was that Mr. Day, after a brief stay in Chicacole croceeded o 
 Madras where after consultation with Mr. Malconi, he decXl t'oCin work 
 Madras 18 at the extreme south of the Telugu country and had at that 1^.^^ 
 even as It has to-day a large proportion of Telugu peopfe '* ''"'"' 
 
 . But meetnig with httle success, so far as the TeluL'us was concernad tl,^ 
 missionary cast about for some better station, and this hrfoundTnalTrS and 
 growing town situated on the trunk road, lib nuies north fr^/mMaS ? 
 this place he moved in 1840, and though he had now been four years Jn the 
 country, he had not succeeded in gaining a single Telugu convert where is the 
 
 SavZl?rdT^ "''"'^ '^^ ^'^^'^'^'^ Hkead/baptizef hTs Ic, ;; Bu Mr 
 IJay believed his mission was to the Telut/us so thaf nnf at- uii .j;=, i 1 
 
 these untoward circumstances, he persevefed'in his work ^'"'''^'"^ '' 
 
 h.fii "'''!! '''^^'"'T "''''*' ^^""^ ^"»« missionary at Nellore eKperienced is 
 he toded on day a ter day among a people that gave little heed bfhfs messa-e 
 There was inspiration in it, and his heart melted with compassion L he m^Sl 
 with the teeming crowds that passed him on every hanTwitrnrthorht l,e 
 
 sCv whiKd m^rlT- ""T'^V They had ne4 onceS.Hhat fi J 
 story which had moved him m his distant western home ; how then could thev 
 
 a.e;"^'H tad S T' ' """' V"" '" '"'^ '^'^"'^ *« ^rekk the silence of ^^ 
 SfV, 1 f™"t«.^!'»"n=»id men everywhere to repent. He had cone 
 
 with the word of reconciliation and seized every opportunity to nrocldm it n 
 TZT ^Ifr\he appealed to the passing niultftudes to co i^r h^t Jin 
 Hsti f iaTs >' Will leb '"'^'^t '"l*"^""- ^"^ ^"« ^°-'^' ---^' o fal ^1 
 
 ric^;^ = uie^S^isS^;- ^-\,-s^ti:: ;sj^^^t:f ^!z 
 
 wrir"^^?^"^" discovered that his caste would be imperilka or hat rice 
 
 inte est TheZ! 'Zl' '''T'"'' '"^ ^'''"'^ ""• "^ ^''^'^^ ha;rno furth ? 
 V.;„V. 1 :r ^^®"^ 'luestions were caste and rice, the one tinal with tha 
 
 higher classes, the other equally tinal with the poor, struggling fortte'^ht to 
 
 Inw UU^ ^^"^ missionary was much encouraged that year at the arrival of a fel 
 
 P.ll«?^-i^"*^'""T>.7*''"^" ^"•l-^g'*"! i» his familiar Nellore which he had 
 called home. ( )ld associations came back, old memories were call, rl n \u 
 faces again presented themselves ; but, all were iust as hard Jn^ ' V 
 
 as before. The people came to listen t^. the earnest preacher buJ wh 1 N^ '"^ 
 ing were commenting on a myriad of irrelevant thiiTsTh.^I ^"" 
 
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UXION. 
 
 73 
 
 only, namely, in favor of abandonment, the want of success ; against, the nre- 
 vaihng policy of the mission. ^ 
 
 It was patent beyond gainsaying that results were few ; but, then the 
 policy of the mission was the faithful and persistent preaching of the GoLnel 
 ^ow the members of the Union had not lost faith in the efficacy of the Gospel" 
 but they also believed in times and seasons ; hence their great difficulty in 
 reaching a decision. And this difficulty was aggravated by a deficit in funds 
 that had become almost chronic. The ciuestion narrowed itself down there- 
 tore, to a spending of the funds at their disposal to the best advantage ' 
 ,.„, ^°"g and .seriously was the ciuestion considered, for, notwithstanding the 
 difficultu's in the way of continuing the mission, none felt like closing the door 
 ot Gospel grace in the face of the needy and perishing Telugus. The special 
 committee, appointed to consider the (luestion, could not so understand the 
 commission. They were "unable to find in it any clause for retreating soldiers 
 and venture to express the hope that the Board would never detain itself ill 
 seeking to hnd it." The committee, therefore, recommended reinforcement 
 during the discussion that followed, one of the speakers referred to Nell(,ro as 
 llie Lone btar '—the single ray of light in all that dark region. The idea 
 was suggestive One present. Dr. S. F. Smith, that night before retirincr put 
 into verse the following : = ^ 
 
 "THE LONE STAR." 
 
 Shine on, " Lone Star : " Thy radiance bright 
 
 Shall sjjread o'er all the eastern sky ; 
 Morn breaks apace from gloom and night : 
 
 Shine on, and bless the pilgrim's eye. 
 
 Shine on, "Lone Star ! " I would not dim 
 The light that gleams with dubious ray ; 
 
 The lonely .star of Bethlehem 
 
 Led on a bright and glorious day. 
 
 Shine on, " Lone Star I " in grief and tears 
 
 And sad reverses oft baptized ; 
 Shine on amid thy sister spheres ; 
 
 Lone stars in heaven are not despised. 
 
 Shine on, " Lone Star ! " Who lifts his hand 
 
 To da.sh to eartli so bright a gem, 
 A new "lost pleiad " from the band 
 
 That sparkles in night's diadem. 
 
 Shine on, " Lone Star ! " The day draws near 
 When none shall shine more fair than thou ; 
 
 Thou, born and nursed in doubt and fear, 
 Wilt glitter on Immanuel's brow. 
 
 Shine on, " Lone Star ! " till earth redeemed 
 
 In dust shall bid its idols fall ; 
 A';d thousands, where thy radiance beamed, 
 hall " crown the Saviour Lord of all." 
 
 Finally a decision was reached in favor of continuing the mission. A v^ar 
 later, m refernng to tins decision, it was hoped that the (luestion was 'sdtled 
 Jw-ever. Meanwhile events of no encouraging nature were transpiring in India 
 Mr. Day, broken in health, was now forced to quit his station and proceed to 
 
4 
 
 ill 
 11^ 
 
 I 
 
 mi n 
 
 I 
 
 74 
 
 BAPTIST \VOT{K I\ HEATHEN' LANDS. 
 
 America. The worl- -vat, Li,.i. i .ft to a single missionary, but what mattered, 
 if that one be tht ■ hoseii jf tue CJod ot' missions lo till that position. This it 
 is, that makes men invincible— the conviction of standing in one's ai)pointed 
 place. 
 
 Mr. Jewet! proved to be that man. At early morn on New Year's Day, 
 1854, he, with his wife and three native Christians, ascended the hill that over- 
 looks Ongole, tli.it he might get a better view of tlie surrounding country. 
 Before descending, the little band prayed thn^ a< ■' would remember the people 
 of that region, and send a missionar- • Jii^. le. Nor did God forget His 
 people whom He had chosen. At the close of 1854 the church at Nellore had a 
 membership of six, not many when compared with the thousands in Burma ; 
 but they were the earnest of the ingathering of a great people. Two years 
 later the membership had d<.)ubled, while in another two years it had increased 
 to tw 3!ity-si.x. Still converts came slowly. Moreover, ancjther worker, Mr. 
 DougL'ss, had joined the mission, so that results p-eemed more meagre still. 
 Things must soon reach a crisis, and the crisis rnme in 1802, when Mr. Jewett— 
 h.- who had stood in the breach since 1853, and had been in the tield since 
 IS-JS— was forced to embark for America, on account of failing health. He 
 had been down in the mine thirteen years— a long time— an age in so dark and 
 stifiiu- a place. He had given a large portion of his life" to the work at 
 Nellore, all its first freshness and vigor ; and now imagine his welcome to 
 America. It is the old (juestion of abandoning the mis'sion. Indeed it had 
 been up before, and had been well nigh settled before he reached America, 
 only Dr. Warren, the Corresponding or^retary, remembering the teprs and 
 prayers that had been offered up foi the " Lone Star" mission, entroh ■. for a 
 postponement, at leaRt, of the decision. "Wait, brethren, ye know not what 
 ye are d(nng," was his plea. " Wait, let us hear what brother Jewett, who is 
 now on his jou "aey home, has to say on this tjuestion. " 
 
 But that delay meant continuance of the work. The committee had 
 strangely misunderstood the loyal missionary if they had entertained the thought 
 of his retreating from the tield. No, was his unhesitating answer. The Union 
 might abandon the mission, but he would not. If aid were refused him he 
 would return alone and spend his -'einaining strength among the Telugus. 
 Decision amid indecision carries .Le day. It was resolved to return Mr. Jewett, 
 but, added the Secretary with a smilo, " Well, brother, if you are resolved to 
 return we must send ".omebodj with you • bury you, You certainly ought to 
 have a Christian bur: ; in that ' eathen 1; /' 
 
 The crisis was nov, ^,assed. The plea, " want of success," was never again 
 to be urged in committee room or on public iilatform. The cry hereafter will 
 be men, men, men, to organize and to instruct the converted Telugus. The 
 few workers are to be c: i m d almost to the earth with unbearable burdens- 
 they are henceforth to be solicitously anxious when new accessions are reported. 
 So great is to be the return, that the long years of waiting are to I s forgotten. 
 Such multitudes were to press into the kinird .i.j that e\ei) the glory of the 
 Karen mission would be dimmed by the g. , :ier Lrillidiicy of the luV work. 
 Mr. Day was spared to see the begin- igg of promise, so that before his death 
 in 1871 he could say, "Lord, now le* hou 'hy servant depart in peace accord- 
 
 ing to thy word, for mine eyes have i th alvation." Lym.tn Jewett, who 
 manifested such sublime faith duri). dl ti. .e years of waiting, still lives to 
 rejoice over every new accession to tiie Christian Telugu forces. 
 
 The crisis was verily passed. The mission was reinforced b} the appoint- 
 ment of John E. Clough, whose name has become familiar in every tuission 
 circle in Chris*-endom. t)n the last day of November, 18(i4, Jewett and Clough 
 sailed from Boston, reaching Madras four months later. Tarrying but a short 
 time in the great s<Hithern city, the two missionaries hastened on to Nellore. 
 where they arrived on tlie 26th April, 1865. There they relieved Douglass! 
 who had been holding the place against their coming, and who now embarked 
 
\t mattered, 
 on. This it 
 3 appointed 
 
 Year's Day, 
 11 that over- 
 iig country. 
 p the people 
 
 forget His 
 ellore had a 
 
 in Burma ; 
 
 Two years 
 d increased 
 'orker, Mr. 
 leagre still, 
 r. Jewett — 
 
 field since 
 lealth. He 
 io dark and 
 le work at 
 welcome to 
 deed it had 
 1 America, 
 5 teprs and 
 •ea' . •. for a 
 w nor what 
 'ett, who is 
 
 nittee had 
 he thought 
 The Union 
 led hi in he 
 i Telugus. 
 ilr. Jewett, 
 resolved to 
 y ought to 
 
 lever again 
 reafter will 
 igus. The 
 
 burdens — 
 B reported. 
 
 forgotten, 
 ory .if the 
 njiv wiirk. 
 e his death 
 ace accord - 
 3wett, whc 
 ill lives t>i 
 
 le appoint- 
 ry mission 
 ,nd Clough 
 }ut a short 
 » Nellore, 
 Douglass, 
 embarked 
 
 AMERICAX BAPTIST MLSSIOXARY UXIOX. 75 
 
 for America Clough stayed for a time in Nellore. The language must b« 
 ac.p red before the new worker can enter upon h,s chose, LterSe B?tthe 
 
 ONGOLE. 
 
 . ^.lls h s few workers around him, and proceeds t, a villa..e-Ta^lacomlamnd ' 
 some forty mil.s fron) Ongole. Arrived there, he stretches h He fZL 
 
 ul revival 'uSar'^th''""' '!'^''\''f "''^ Packed to the heait. A wonde ! 
 lui revual, such as the missionary had never seen, even in America f(.llow« • 
 the people are melted and become hh wax under the influence o the Snh-t' 
 Se LlhnSVn^ '"f^- '"'^ 'r^^tr-^^^ P-^t on Christ in baptkm^^^s 3 
 S: aSnShip ^of t:^.:'"^ -^ ^^'^'^^'- ^^ ' ■- ^^-^ "^ ^^^^ the church 
 These, however, were from the lowest classes. Caste wields a mi(/h^v 
 nriuence in India so that the higher castes lord it over t le 7ower hUe the 
 ir :'^^^^l^l^"---^ion believing it f„ be the regukr X' of t ungs 
 My wr, the higher castes are extremely haughty and senarate-bi f T^ 
 m.s.u,nary h. 1 a gospel for them, also. Indeed, it seLied as 1 Tough the cas e 
 
 W f F ■ ^^^ considering the (juestion. ( )nly one thing was stiuulated 
 
 that Uie missioiiHry „H,st not bring in the despised non-caste Ssaireed to 
 and they would certainly join him shortly. mis agreed to, 
 
 The missionary was very anxious to gain them ; for if thev were nnno 
 gained the way would thereafter he easy, lo far. the' bap, isms hL been aa 
 dsaice from Ongole, but now some converts-from the objectionable cla"s-in 
 thnir intense eagerness, had come ini. ()„gole and were asking ti^n T? 
 was a trying time to Hie untried and inexperienced missionary The ca.te 
 
 to tne cause ! The thought was agonizing to one who travailed u,v Hi« 
 speedy coming .f the kingdom. Why must these Madi.as come^nto Ongole' 
 C,.uld they not just as well have received baptism miles away ^ But wlf the 
 nuss.onary IS thus reasoning they are at his Joor, clamoring loudly for a recep! 
 Sol tl« ? r""' '•''' l?^n>l>^^^d teacher refers them toShe native church 
 boon the leaders come, announcing that the strangers have pa. ed a Jood 
 exanunation. " But be r^id," groans the missionary! hoping in some wa| to 
 ^ Im matt'e/C^n'Theni ^' '^^U '^ ''' '''r''"-\ M'ake^er'tain that the'U? 
 tUro^4Sl?t£ouVi!'i:i;tcann;:t'n.o;rt\l^-^^^^^^ ^'"^''^'^ ^-^'^'^ ^'-^ 
 ba»ti 1 ZZ\^''^t ^^^^^""^ «r^' "'"^ •""«* ^« "'«*• That evening they were 
 
 '^e'wlurSi;irrssi"°T!,?^Sti:f:x^^ 
 
 lo lav trbkniLThU doo*;' *'^''' "*'" '''' ^'"" '° "^'"^^' ^^« ""-^--'•>- -^ 
 
 
76 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN LANIJS. 
 
 The young missionary thus 8;uv his brightest hojics dashed to the ground 
 Ui,s wife had shared his hopes and his fears, and was likewise depressed. He 
 does not therefore turn to her for comfort, hut retreats to his own room. For 
 a Christian with faith in n,v,ne overruling, he certainly is gloomy, and for a 
 man who has come fn.m ,i baptismal service his case is passing strange. The 
 aible 18 lymg near, and, opening at random, he stands confronted by the words- 
 
 calW^T,'<■VTwt" f '"■ ^^^ !!"'''• ""* ni'^ny mighty, not nuiuy noble, are 
 
 called , but God hath chosen every one can readily finish the (juotation. 
 
 The missionary did not need to read to the end of the verses ; their force at 
 once struck him, and he is still confused when the door opens and his wife 
 enters with an open Bible and a beaming face. She had also opened at the 
 same passage, and wa.s now come to share the comf(,rt imparted to her The 
 missionary looked at the passage on which his wife's finger rested, listened to 
 
 Jrdpr^ '' N.rK ''"'^ 't'' ^"'l^ ''^^' "^ ?^"'^- ^'''«' ^h"** must be the Divine 
 order-- Not the mighty, ncjt the great, but the poor." 
 
 rlir« 7 '{"^^t""' 18 now settled and every doubt dissipated. Henceforward 
 direct and unquestioning procedure. And the cause grew apace, every year 
 increasing numbers pressing into the kingdom. Still obstructions were to be 
 cast 111 the way, and the new converts tried. The twenty-eight, of whom we 
 have spoken, upon returning to their villages, found all arrayed against them 
 Ihe stree s were blocked, water denied them, and all intercourse refused Nor 
 was this the worst that Satan could do. Disease broke out among the cattle, and 
 the Chris lans were charged with poisoning them. They we're straigh way 
 summoned before the magistrates, and h(,d not the missionary exerted hfs iS 
 ence m explaining, it might have gone hard with them. At another place the 
 Christians were beaten, faned three rupees each, and lodged in the common iaU 
 rhey were then sent to work on the grouud about Vishnu's temple, whereupon 
 he missionary for the story ere long reached his ears, advised them to si 2 at 
 their work and to pray in the jail. The suggestion was promptly acted uton 
 and gained them the.r release. For the keepers could notV-uiet thenTso 
 relishing neither the singing nor the praying, they were fain to let them C 
 even going to the extent of returning the fine. ^ ' 
 
 theIwUiS?»f' %hTT' ^^''^«, ^"■"'t'^d abroad, and mightily recommended 
 the new religion. Thus the work grew so, that at the close of 1868 the con- 
 
 hnl "-1 "^'?u """l ^""'^'f^ ^"'^ seventy-two ; at the close of 1869, eight 
 hundred and thirty-hve ; and at the close of 1871, sixteen hundred and Jfiu 
 
 Early in 1872 the missionary, in need of rest and change, must leave his 
 people for a time. But they gather around, imploring him to stay The 
 teacher reminds them of the frequent invitations hi has received from Them to 
 visit their various villages, many of which he could not comply with ; dkl hey 
 remember ? " \ es, yes, " was the response. Well, the teacher now o Iv ],Zl 
 apart to rest awhile, and when he returns he will bring^oSher h i;er ^ £? 
 
 :riS;"•'^^!otuS3 Se^qu-S"'- ^''' '' --' ^-p^^ ''^ «^^-*^"" -i 
 
 But the Telugu converts were not left without a leader. Rev John 
 
 Sr"'^ i'U' '^'°''', '""" P^«^'i«"«ly ioined the mission, and now Assumed 
 purge. Nor did the work so auspiciously begun, abate its steady growth ffr 
 at the end of two years, when Mr. Clough returned with four missionaries' the 
 sltyorie '^' '""'"'"'''^ ^'""' ''^'^ '° '^° ^'^^'"^'^"'1 ««^-«" hunS' and 
 
 )«n/'lt°"^'t-'"''''""''''y?\'*?f'"'*'^ *^^ ^^'^i; the Spirit broods over fhe 
 land ; the work increases mightily ; and the elect are gathered out unt^' he 
 converts number three thousand four hundred and seven 
 
 Then came the memorable famine of 1876-78— th- sorest the lanrl haA ^„^ 
 experienced ..nd know, in history as " the great fam of tmtlern Indfa ■ 
 which prevailed over a quarter of a million of square miles, and affected ne;rlj; 
 
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIOXAUY UNION. 
 
 77 
 
 ho ground, 
 essed. He 
 'oom. For 
 , and for a 
 *nge. The 
 ^ the words: 
 ' noble, are 
 
 quotutioii. 
 sir force at 
 id his wife 
 ned at the 
 
 her. The 
 listened to 
 the Divine 
 
 nceforward 
 every year 
 ivere to be 
 f whom we 
 inst them, 
 used. Nor 
 cattle, and 
 traightway 
 'd hisinflu- 
 
 ■ place the 
 mmoii jail, 
 whereupon 
 
 to sing at 
 .cted upon 
 t them, so 
 I them go, 
 
 onimended 
 
 B the con- 
 
 869, eight 
 
 and Jifty- 
 
 leave his 
 itay. The 
 m them to 
 ; did they 
 
 ■ only goes 
 with him, 
 
 jation and 
 
 lev. John 
 .V assumed 
 owth, for, 
 laries, the 
 idred and 
 
 over the 
 until the 
 
 i had ever 
 India," — 
 ed nearly 
 
 !n.W. Ir'n P^''^'^^- The famine continued through twenty-two months 
 and cost the Government more than tifty millions of dollars. A^rper d a^ 
 many as two and a .juarter millions were in receij.tof relief, nr,VmZ than one 
 fourth of whom were employed on the famine Vorks. ^\,twi Eandim. the 
 most strenuous efiorts at relief, more than two n.illion people di^d, and among 
 the clead were nearly four hundred Telugu Christians. ^ 
 
 ihe missionaries were in the very heart of the great famine, and went 
 hrough experiences that t me can never eftace. The Ongole nSomJy coS 
 
 hu, Indl^'n h '""',"^' ?,V\''^'='''^" "^ '^^ l^"«l<i"KhHm canal, empfoZg 
 hundreds on the work, while he ministered to hundrerls more, loc hel, less or 
 t^o fannshed to work. The famished wretches crawled into his co pound 
 often only to die-no ministering could save them. The daily sights that mot 
 the eye were appalling, such as no pen can describe. Tlie prll nged s ffe ig 
 was terrible The harvest of 1875 was short, so that prices ran^htr aS 
 vatu,,. the straightened condition of the poor. The n.lmsoon of 1870 a^ded 
 he crops perished, and vast numbers were left without any support, while 
 
 helds, but the wind.s gathered no clouds, and the heavens gave no rain Thus 
 agH.a and again the anxiouH and starving ryot saw his every effort fail, and Is 
 
 '."Iroaned 'Tb.'^''l '""'^T" •'^^^ r''^'''"' "''^ ''>''' «" ^^at the who 
 J. nd g oaned. The gods proved vain helpers, able neither to console the dis- 
 tressed nor save their devotees alive. 
 
 Finally in 1878, the Divine anger was appeased and the rains came on 
 removuig all further anxiety ; still there was [lie season until the 1 ar^^sT to be 
 provided for, so that f.,r several months help was needed 
 
 A uv 11J^7 i"''!''i "^ '7««'""'"'y <'l'«.a^ions during this distressful period ! 
 A gloat work had been done ; the people's belief in their gods shaken • and 
 t sn.r^l^Sl T ' ^''1 ingathering. But as yet there ^'had been no' bap 
 t ,! fnrl! 1 ^ ^*"""f ''''' ""^^'""'"•y <=»uld not distinguish between grati- 
 
 al For^^rH?"''' *"^rr '"f ^'f^^' '" ''^^'"'^ 1^'^P'^^™ t« ''il candidates 
 
 alike. For eighteen months he closed the way, turning back all applicants 
 Soun these began to multiply, until even the n.issionary had no concep ion of 
 the.r numbers ; yet he persisted in turning back the stream, until it became a 
 Hood and threa ened to sweep aside all barriers. Friends in America wZed 
 the missionary hat he was trying to stay the Niagara and that he must beware 
 of obstructing the Divine movement. Soon the missionary could no longer 
 stay the gathering tide, for the people pressed him on all sicles, refusing tX 
 turned away They wanted nothing, they said, for themselves and thefr chil 
 d,^.H except the privilege of obeying Christ. No one should deny them that 
 They would submit to any test except a longer delay 
 
 1 lainly the hour had come to baptize. In o„e day 2^^^ ^ere baptized 
 
 EHFf'H~^ 
 
 lie'cteoTrHHoVhr"^ «eemed about to sweep over the whole distdct. At 
 the close of 1882 the communicants nu-ibered 20,865 ; while in 1883 more than 
 8,000 were dismissed to form four v.ew fi.lds-Cumbum, Viimkonda Narsara 
 v.pette, and Bapatla. In the sn,aller circle around Ongole the ;ork stiU 
 spread, converts multiplied, new churches were organized, Ind the men berS. 
 
 bei"i890 ":r r'\ '^5' ^'""'r'"' ^''^^ ^'^"'"''-- ^« -cen%rDocen^ 
 bei, 890 seventeen hundred and sixty-one were baptized in a single day The 
 nembership again exceeds 20,000, so that reconstruction of new fieldsla'aiin 
 necessary, For years the cry has been men, men, men, but they have not been 
 for hcommg. Inconceivable this ! Converts without teachers ! ! Wa" hi„ iffe 
 ^■u!> none to nourish iL : ' : The awful apathy and sleep of a dead people i^ 
 heartbreaking ; but what must be the feeling of those standing in the midst o1 
 
78 
 
 BAPTIST WOHK IN HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 a region with thousands of untaught converts fresh from the bed of heathenism, 
 while the dead inert mass on every hand begins to throb as it were into life ' 
 un, what appeals can be sharper-winged than such as these I The need of dead 
 lelugu land is beyond expression, but the need of wakha, Telugu land is incom- 
 parab y more urgent. The culmination of the ages is upon us-a great crisis is 
 at hand-a stroke now and a nation may be won for Christ-a guiding hand 
 now and a future Telugu Christendom may be formed ! The opportmiity of 
 the ages Will the I nion miss it I The thought is maddening^saorilegkjus 
 -disloyalty to Christ But appeals-and more touching ones have never been 
 wntten-have gone forth ; yet no response. The missionary stands in the 
 S LI. "" "''fl"" 5hrough which teem more than twenty thousand converts, 
 nnr vv^V^ stimng of tw.ce, and thrice, and ten times twenty thousand 
 
 sTckle nnHl tT ''"7 '^'^ V^'T ^" ^'^'' «''^'^'« ' ^^' h« ^-^B thrust in the 
 sickle until It has cleaved to hi. hand. Worn with work he has turned to 
 America, where, while resting, he is constrained to plead for men and money 
 Only twenty-hve men and only fifty thousand dollars I Shame that any plead- 
 ing is necessary from the worn-out veteran representing 20,()00 Telugu Christians 
 and housands more unborn, to gather that paltry suni and twenty-five worker 
 
 tlrir ^fT "''^"^ "I'"' '"*"'' '"T,^*' ^^^ ''"'K'^"'" J"«^ ^"^ BU'^h » time as this ! 
 arlA \r TY '"'"^ fesponded and $25,000 have been subscribed. (Jod 
 grant that the whole number may be forthcoming and the entire sum raised ! 
 And now what of Cumbum, V'inukonda, Narsaravapetta and Bapatla-whither 
 Messrs. Bogg.s, Thomssen, Maplesden and Ballard proceeded respectively che 
 
 FOUR FIELDS 
 
 that were carved out of the Ongole held in 1H83? From that year until the 
 close of IH!K) there have been bapti/.ed at Cumbum :>27;{ converts, giving tha? 
 held a present membership of -.070 ; at Vinukonda 2.J.!!) baptisms, giving t pre 
 sent membership of (i!»40 ; at Narsaravapetta ;W(;;i baptisms giving a nreient 
 
 iU-lJl i r u^ IWtOthe baptisms on these fields were 120(i, 543, 'Mi, and 
 Thl f.^r ^^^^^' '''"'^•"^' *•!"' " """-^^'"""^ y««rly increase is still pVevaling 
 
 second ()„g< lea During the hrst three months of 18!)1 there were baptized at 
 Cumbum which ,s now ,n charge of Mr. Newcomb, 2001, increasing the nem 
 berslnp at a bonn.l from 5070 to eight thousand and seventy-one. 
 ine space that now remains will not suffice to speak of 
 
 NELLORE, 
 
 and to trace its fortunes year by year until the present. Th.M.gh Ongole and 
 
 wi h< ut bessmg. There has been a steady growth at this station during Dr 
 .lewett s charge and afterwards under Dr. t)ownie. so that to-day the member' 
 ship numbers .524. Very early also (1H72) a station was opeaed Jt 
 
 RAMAPATAM 
 
 under Rev. A. V Timpany, who continued in charge until 187(i. in -vhioh vear 
 there were nmre than 7<H. oounnunicantH. Mr. Timpany had also the Imo," of 
 opening he amapatam Seminary, which afterwar.ls passed under I e aVe 
 mentof )r. XN .1 ,am«, and upon Dr. WiUian.s retiring to An or ca,umU:S 
 of Dr. Boggs, who, sat present the eflieient president. Other s a s haJe 
 
 fn.%r!l"^ .l.flercnt periods- Secun.lerabad. JH75; Kun 1. Z^, mJI 
 
 Thnr'/r""-'!"""' u7' .'. '.=^>"'«'" ""'* raiwiur, I^H^.; an.i Aaigonda, IHid.' 
 
 1 nus ti,.. Lone Star mission has come into prominence and bids fair to 
 
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION. 
 
 79 
 
 distance every other mission of the i 'Uion. During 1800 more than fiOOO con- 
 verts put on Christ in baptism ; while during the first (juarter of 18!»1 5,000 
 more have followed. Aa conv rtw are being added every day it is not easy to 
 give final figures, but the membership can be little short of fifty thousand. And 
 all this growth in a (juarter of a century '. Who can predict the outcome of 
 another twenty-five years ? 
 
 CHAPTER FOURTEENTH. 
 
 .lAPA.V AND AFRICA. 
 
 I. JAPAN, 
 
 Messrs. Brown and Ooblo were the first missionaries of the Union in Japan. 
 Tliey arrived in that country in February, 187;i, and established themselves at 
 Yok(jhania. Mr. (Joble, during the course of the same year, severed his con- 
 nection with the society, but Mr. Brown continued in the work until his death 
 in 18P<). As we have already seen elsewhere, he contributed very largely to 
 the cause of Christ in Jajjan by the consecration of his splendid linguistic 
 abilities to the work of tr-uislation. The Japanese are a reading people — are 
 said to have a larger propo; tion of readers among them than any other people 
 in the world. This, tiierefore, makes the preparation of books a prime neces- 
 sity, and particularly the translation, printing and circulation of the Scriptures. 
 Other secular and atheistic publicati(mH have been flooding the country, so that 
 missionary bodies cannot be indifferent to putting wholesome and corrective 
 reading in the hands of the book-hiving Japanese. They are h wonderful peo- 
 ple, and have already taken long strides towards overtaking Western civdiza- 
 tion, HO that the sunrise kingdom, as their country is called, has drawn the 
 attention of the whide wtirld. Tntil (|uite recently decrees against the intro- 
 ductioi; of Christianity were in force, and missionaries labored under the sor«8t 
 ditficulties in propagating their faith. These decrees owed their origin to the 
 al use ivhich Roman Catholics made <if the liberty at first granted thom, aiming 
 even at bringing the whole land tmdei tlie sway (jf the Pope. At least the 
 Japanese had some cai'se so to lielieve ; and at once sot to work to root out the 
 ■ItigerouH growth. Executions became tlie order of the day. Many thousand.s 
 siiiered death, while more were exjielled the country. Blo'idy decrees were 
 then issued, prohibiting on pain of death any ChrisMan entering Japan, "for 
 let all know," ran tiio decrees, "that the King of Spain hii self, or the Chris- 
 tian's (iod, or the great (iod of all, if He violate the command, shall pay for it 
 with His head." 
 
 Tliis was three centuries ago. Since that time great changes have taken 
 place. In March, 1H.")4, the f'nited States succeeded in effecting a treaty with 
 Japan, and, other countries following, the Japanes.', al)an<loning their l)reju- 
 dices, have come to entertain a strong admiration of foreign modes of lite and 
 governnu'nt. 
 
 At present, therefore, niissionaries are not only tolerated, but, in many 
 places, ncfived witli goodwill. This change (.f attitude, notwithstanding, 
 missions .ire still in their inception, for the work heretofore has boon iargefy 
 islanting stations, thrusting in laborers, and gonorally, a making ready against 
 the ilay of ingathering. 
 
 The American Ha[)ti8t8 also have been clearing away obsitructiong, planting 
 stations, disembarking their forces, and doing th'.< pioneering work that always 
 attends a nuw enterprise. Kxcejtt Yokohama and Tokyo, the sUtions are all 
 qiiilo reconi, and the same may iie said of liio woiiiors. Many «t them have 
 just nicely nnistered the language and adiusted thotnselvoR to their new relations, 
 while others are later arrivals still, h ow have been more than ten years in 
 
 i 
 
8o 
 
 lUPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 the country, while considerably more taan half have been under five years, 
 hence the day has not yet come when we may legitimately look for large results. 
 btiU an ample earnest of the forthcoming ingathering has been vouchsafed, so 
 that any interested may indulge large expectations. 
 
 At Yokohama (1872), the missi<m is well established and is yielding a 
 steady nicrease. During the last eight years more than 400 converts have been 
 baptized at this station. Owing to deaths, dismissals, and exclusions, the net 
 results are somewhat less, still the last report gives .'3 churches and ;i58 com- 
 municants. 
 
 At Tokyo (1874), the cause has also prospered, so that at present there 
 are rejjorted in connection with that station, 4 churches and 21.3 communicants. 
 The other stations are : Kobe (18H1), with 1 church and 170 communicants; 
 heiidai (1884), with 1 .'hurch and 171 communicants ; Shimonosoki (18H()), with 
 2 churches and 112 communicantg ; Morioka (1887), with (me chur-jh and 32 
 communicants. 
 
 Mr. Carpenter, so long in connection with the Karen mission in Burma, 
 began, in 1885, a mission to tlie Ainus of .Japan. His widow continues his 
 work at Nemurs. This work is self-supporting, but is enrolled among the 
 missions of the Tnion. 
 
 A mission to Japan was l)egun by the English Ba])ti8t Mi.ssionary Society 
 in 187!t, under the care of IMessrs. White and Eaves, but it was miicli crippled 
 by wi^nt of laborers. Accordingly, in .lune, J8!t0, tlie mission was (jtfered to 
 the I nion, by whom it was accejjted. By tiiis transfer tliere were added to 
 the American Baptist mission several native preachers and about two hundred 
 converts. 
 
 The W()rk in Japan has thus grown hmn small dimensions- 1 staticui and 
 4 misBionaries in lH7;i--to its present size, 7 stations, 45 missionaries, 75 native 
 heljiers, l.'S churches, and 1,25(J communicants. 
 
 fl. AFRICA. 
 
 For many years the Missionary l^nion made various attonipta :;o plant 
 missions in Liberia. Kuinewhero about 1815 the colored Baptists nf Richmond 
 formed the African Jiaptist Missionary Society, the object of which was the 
 collecting of funds for th(! prosecution of mission work in' Africa. In live years 
 the collections amounted ' 
 
 nted t.i seven hundred dollars, and were appropriated to 
 r and <'oliii Tcague, two colored brethren, who wont to 
 
 the use of Loft (."arv mm • mui league, two coioreu nretnrcn, wHo wont to 
 Africa under the auspices of the American Colonization Society. In the same 
 year the mission was recognized by the (Jeneral Convention, which aiipropriated 
 occasional sums to it« support. Other missionaries were sent out, ami work 
 begun at several stations. Among the colonists, churches were organized and 
 schools established ; while, from among the native idolators, some conversions 
 were made. But the climate proved deadly, oiw missionary after another- 
 Holton. Crocker, Skinner, Anderson. Fielding, Constautine, Clarke -succumb- 
 ing to its fatal intluence. The mission was accordingly susi.etided in 185(1, to 
 bo reopened in ]8(i8, but was again suspende.l in 1878, upon the death of the 
 la.st missionary. Mr. Vonbrun. The NVonian's Society continued to make 
 appropriations for the support of Mrs. Vonbrun and Mrs. Hill, who remained 
 in the work, but these also were finally discontinued. 
 
 THE CONGO MIHSION. 
 
 Though driven from the field the rni(ui did not abandon the idea of con- 
 tributing to tho evangelization of Africa. Liberia was impracticable, but other 
 openings might offer. The (piestion n( ni-entering the Dark Continent caino 
 
 up rci/nlarly at th« iiniiii.al meetiniiSi but nn dec 
 
 V.I.". rt-iii 
 
 .I....I 
 
 "ntil IH^ 
 
 when a vote was carried resolving " to watch for an open door." The watch 
 
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UXION. 
 
 8 I 
 
 ing was rewarded the foll(3wing year, when there came "the unsolicited and 
 unexpected offer " to transfer to the I'nion the Livingstone Inland Mission in 
 the Congo valley, on which there had been already expended more than one 
 hundred thousand dollars, on the sole condition that the I'nion accept it, and 
 carry it on as one of their own missions. 
 
 The offer was accepted and the transfer effected during the same year. At 
 the time of the transfer there were the following stations : Mukimvika, Pala- 
 bala, Banza Mauteke, Mukinibunga, Lukunga, and Leopoldville. 
 
 The Livingstone mission named after that great i»ioneer David Li\ ingstone, 
 originated under the leadershi)) of Mr. and Mrs. Guinness, who planted their 
 first station on the Congo in 1H78. They then proceeded inland, lining the 
 lower bank of the river with stations until connecti(jn was made with Stanley 
 Pool. At this i)oint a steamer, the "Henry Reed," was built and launched 
 U[)on the upper river preparatory to planting stations further inland. And the 
 Jirst station on the ujiper river was already established, being under the charge 
 of two Swedish brethren who liad been sent out by the Swedish Missionary 
 Society, but who chose at first to work in connection with the Livingstone mis- 
 sion. This station was then transferred lo the Swedish Society, which had 
 gained the ex[ierience desired and was accordingly ready to launch its <iwn in- 
 dependent mission. 
 
 In establishing these stations the Livingstone mission incurred a great 
 sacrifice of life — twelve missionaries falling in six years. Besides this, several 
 had been invalided home and some recalled on account of unfitness for tlie 
 work. But the j)ionefring work was now done, the mission well estal^lished 
 and manned with twenty-two missionaries, fourteen men and (i'ight women. 
 Under the Union's management tliis force has since dmibled, there being at 
 present ten stations and forty-seven missiouiriea, twenty-four men »nd twenty- 
 three women. 
 
 At nearly all the stations, except those recently established, cotiverwons 
 have resulted and a ])i'omising work has been begmi. Lukunga and Banza 
 Matitt^ke. however, are the most interesiing, the majiirity of the coiiveits being 
 at these two stations. Mr. Ricliarda settled at Ban/.a Mai.teke in 1H79, mid 
 labored through seven weary resnltless years. There were n<i books or litera 
 ture of any kind, so that the missionary had to aoi(uire the language from the 
 people, afterwards eim)mitting it to writing. He began the translation of the 
 Bible very early, stj^rting withticnosis and the Law, at the same time expound- 
 ing it to the peo])le But it was not until his second 'erm in the country th*t 
 any fruit resulted from his labor. Hitherto he had preached fho law, l)Ut now 
 he began with the gospel. Interest at once sprang up, increased, became gen- 
 eral, until everywhere the people were ready to embrace the new religion. A 
 great revival spread throutrh tlie villages and it was csti.nated that at least oiw 
 thoii.sand conversions resulted. Ba]>ti8ni8 folluwed mori' slowly, th« missiomwy 
 having to giv^ much instruction before he tiudd receive the converts for bap- 
 tism. More than three hundred have lieen baptized, but many of thrsn have 
 been carried off tiy a mysterious disease called the "sleeping •icl^n »s." At 
 present Banza Mauteke reports 235, Lukunga 201, I'alabala 15, and BolenpkS 
 communicants. 
 
 We have now surveyed the work of h great and growing missionaiy Koeiety ; 
 have traced its origin and growth in the home laud : hnvr t-ild the story iif \ln 
 missions missions \n Hurma and Assam, in Siani tm'. <.'V!.»«»h. u\ T'diigu land, 
 ill Japan and Africa have recounted the trJiiU! i»nd ilitticii^ies, the successes 
 and encouragonionts of the early niixgionarie* that led the way into heathen 
 countries •, have watched the preached word taking effect and have ui«rked th« 
 seed if the \ingd''in taking root ; have witneiiiMwi tii(»i'v«l» oi giacc, .iin'i iiaVw 
 ■Pen that which encourages a faith in the 8pe«<dy ■■..ininjjr of the kini(ii«.in. 
 
 But we cimtinue our imrrntive. hastening! ?•> u« completion. 
 
82 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN LANDh. 
 
 CHAPTER FIFTEENTH. 
 
 OTHER AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MLSSIONS. 
 
 »t the head ,' wh ch . Dr fvl™ .i, ""'°"' "'""'l " """ «»Mi"u<«l. .nd 
 n»n.el,, .he c'.„S''clf o/XnV.irir.,.' ™ar SE ^^HiT^i 
 
 h^"cri.'rse. .^d%'is,r- - ^' ■»'•■— ^^ - --"« 
 
 hn^ ir ' n ■~*^"'" """-"y y^''"'? ^^'^ ^^»«='ety interested itaolf in the Libenan work 
 
 mmsmmmm 
 
 Tha Board 8 iriconio from all eourc*^ for 1890-91 was tin fioo ■<- „„n 
 Ho.r,l fr<.n, 1845, up to the present, amounts to «],HiS.%n 50 ^^ "'' 
 
 «.i.»«ionHrieB. b,.„„d foj Oriss, ' "* '*^' '^""""'*' '" ^^'""I"'"^ ^i^** »w«»ty 
 
 M-r. are a, prl„,. besides lioi,:7;L;J:l':^^']^ t^:::! ^M:^!l^'^^^ 
 TUCK. *ina cliMMiJfaii Th^»» .,-„ i i.. 1.::' -"."~.- -— =— '-— t^ 
 
 
 -"-ax 
 
 ;g»r. bnuarucK. .na Chandrali. There are twenty-H.^o mi.;sTonarie~.-";ii;;e 
 
OTHER AMERICAN BAPTISTS' FORKIGN' MISSIONS. 
 
 83 
 
 men and sixteen women — working in connection with this society, and there 
 have been gathered into the churches 805 communicants. The last Indian 
 report (1891), concludea with : '■ Every department of the work is important, 
 and should be strengthened. Much new work should be opened at once, and 
 will be as soon as the means are at hand to open with." 
 
 The society's receipts for the year ending August 31, 1890, were §21,642.20. 
 
 There is also a Free Baptist Woman's Missionary Society, the receipts of 
 which were, for the same year, 33,020.05. 
 
 3. The Seventh Day Br.^itists have also a Foreign Missionary Society, 
 which was founded in 1842. The work has not attained to any great dimensions, 
 the chief mission supported being that at Shanghai, China. They conduct 
 work in Holland also. In 1883, they raised for their foreign work 8«000. We 
 have failed to secure a later report. 
 
 4. There is also a society, organized in 1880, called the Baptist Foreign 
 Missionary Convention of the United States. The tiekl of work is in Africa, 
 and 300 have been converted since the formation of the society. The receipts 
 for the last year wore §4, 135, (58. 
 
 5. The American Baptist Free Mission Society, which now no longer exists, 
 was founded in the year 1843. The cause of its formation was a discrepancy of 
 views in regard to ..ne slavery ([ueation. The society continued work until 
 1872, when, the cause of its formation having ceased to exist, its affairs were 
 formally closed. The society had, at various periods, sixteen foreign mission- 
 aries, namely, eleven in Burma, three in Africa, and two in Japan. 
 
 B. The preceding are all American. The Strict Baptist Society (English) 
 was organised in 1861, and has work in India and Ceylon. Income for 1889, 
 £634 i)s. Oil. The statistics are : » )ne missionary, 24 native assistants, and 300 
 communicants. 
 
CANADIAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSIONS, 
 
 CHAPTER SIXTEENTH. 
 
 GOAUr. „. roRKION M,8«ION,SOK,„.KE(ULAR BAPTIST CONVENTION OF ONTARIO 
 
 AND QUEBKC. 
 
 and affpr ZhK /• • *^'"^''"ck, of th»> American Baptist Missionary T'nion 
 O l.i '^^''/^^'^''f "^n iniUKunited the Haj-tist Foreign Missionary Societ of 
 J^ZthSrit'^''? *" "''.'*''' '•'"'^"'■'''•y *" the Union. Dr WH fam Sar 
 
 R., ,.'"';'« '""^^ «""•"!' "loetinsr ';f the Society was h«ld i„ the Thames Street 
 
 tT Mi « "'■' r'*^-''^''''''' '^^ ** 8ucc...-ful first year's work; d";. Murdock o 
 
 lurches nleSi.. I t^""' """"'^ ^^''*'"" Secretary, represented the home 
 J^"''Jni; iu^^^^^^^^^^^ '"''T'^ *'f «.V"'I«M'yiu the ue\v n.ovement. l^e 
 
 fl aT.kfu tZ ;i2 i"^! "T". f'"-^'*'-'\^»' g'^ve his farewell address. He was 
 tnaiiktui that th« M.i8ter had opened his heart to the cry of the heathen nerish 
 
 he">Sn:::;''tu'.;f'urV} "•^^'^ ^'^.''«°" Rive,/ him ttii"",:'^'^ 
 
 muro earnestly. Fathers, learn to give up yo'ur .Z. n her. hSn Z 
 
 you are to till the vacancy. May Gud bless you and 8tren«then 
 IZuTTl'^^n^"^ "^ ">? Redeemer's cause far and wide.' 
 wo. ,1 so that the day may he hastened when 'the kingdoms u, niw «,.m 
 shall become the knigdoms <.f the Lr.rd and His Christ "' ' 
 
 A great hrsh perv.ided the audience, and tears distened in ume\ ,.ve« U 
 
 w ;V';;ki\rrti*\^T'";^^j'^'"'^' ^'^'^ j*-'^'"^^-i n^'TihS" „i* 
 
 Dtt ».. woik among tht heathen Telugus in tar distant India The solemnitv 
 deepened as the venerable John Hate.s, father-in-law to the nn.s. .nary . fferS 
 up the designation j.rayer, commen.ling the young couple t.. the wSf S 
 c'ltih.','.^ t,<3nden,ess of the iU,l „f Missions^ The peode were l^tedt earn 
 
 c^«^.. huHband. U. eiiei; wive;;: parent^S^Lf ISn :Ld';;^;nd:SS;;° 
 
CANADIAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSIONS. 
 
 85 
 
 Spontaneously the people began again to give. It was a niemcarable occasion. 
 None had ever witnessed such enthusiasm and earnest hberality. All were 
 desirous of having some part in the work. All pressed forward to wish '* (Jod 
 speed " to the departing missionaries. There were assurances of remembrance, 
 of sympathy, of prayer, of support. The people were loth to break up, and 
 the meeting continued until after midnight. A week later the missionary and 
 his wife sailed for the distant East to try the fortunes of work abroad. 
 
 At the third amiual meeting, which ccjnvened at Woodstock, on the 21st 
 October, 18(59, an executive conuuittee whs appointed to co-operate with the 
 secretary and treasurer, and a second designation .service held, when Rev. .Jnhn 
 McLaurni and wife were set apart for the work. But we cannot here trace the 
 gradual growtli of the society, year by year, as it increased its contributions 
 and thrust additional laborers into the field. Many earnest home workers liave 
 contributed to this growth, but we can mention a few names only. 
 
 .lohn Bates, Mr. Raymond, Dr. Fyfe, Mr. Shenston, Mr. Craig, .lames 
 (Jrant, and S. S. Bates have filled the president's chair ; Dr. Stewart, .John L. 
 Campbell, .lames Coutts, J. W. A. Stewart, James (Jrant, and John McLnurin 
 have rendered etticient service as secretaries ; while Mr. Shenston, with tire- 
 Ijss love and devotion, has served the society as treasurer from the beginning 
 until the past year, with the exception of live years when he acted as presulLUt 
 and Mr. T. Dixon Craig as treasurer. Mr. John Firstbrook, 301 King St. East, 
 Toronto, is the present treasurer. 
 
 The society is just a (juarter of a century old, the tvventy-tifth annual meet- 
 ing having been held last October in Toronto. The annual receipts have been 
 as follows : 
 
 !)th year, $6,012 00 17th year, $!).01)0 94 
 
 1st J 
 
 ear. 
 
 $1,1()9 27 
 
 9th 
 
 2iid 
 
 M 
 
 2,056 93 
 
 lOtli 
 
 Mrd 
 
 rt 
 
 3,180 46 
 
 lltli 
 
 4th 
 
 ir 
 
 2,853 35 
 
 12tli 
 
 6th 
 
 II 
 
 3,994 09 
 
 13tli 
 
 6th 
 
 n 
 
 2,136 08 
 
 14th 
 
 7th 
 
 M 
 
 3,341 10 
 
 loth 
 
 8th 
 
 II 
 
 4,580 88 
 
 16th 
 
 4,914 85 
 
 18th 1 
 
 12,657 29 
 
 7,721 57 
 
 19th II 
 
 13,993 42 
 
 (),699 65 
 
 20tli . 
 
 14,653 65 
 
 9,145 21 
 
 2l8t 1 
 
 15,219 22 
 
 8,948 51 
 
 22iid . 
 
 19,238 33 
 
 7,687 63 
 
 23i.l 1 
 
 19,940 84 
 
 10,596 75 
 
 24th . 
 
 20,042 45 
 
 
 25th 1 
 
 , 25,968 29 
 
 The society's receipts have thus increased from §1,169.27 in 1867, to 
 $(25,968.29 in 18!ll ; while the receipts for the whole jjeriod amount to 82.'>6,- 
 542.6(). The lieneral Society has been very materially aided in the work l)y 
 the Woman's B.F.M.S. of Ontario, and the W. B.F. M.S. of P^astem Ontario 
 and yut'bec. These two auxiliary organizations have been in existence hfieeu 
 years. The receipts of these societies for the last year were respectively, 
 $6,654.39 and *1, 380. 14. 
 
86 
 
 BAPTIST Wc;R1v I\ HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 CHAPTER SEVENTEENTH. 
 
 THE TELUGU MI.S.SION. 
 
 W^^TWi^/f" *?,T"^\"^ the foreign mission work of Ontario and Quebec 
 ** Baptists and though we shall write more fully than we have or the 
 
 I. IN CONNECTION WITH THE AMERICAN UNION. 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. Timpany sailed within a week after the memorable Ingersoll 
 
 Zut T8Ts"\her^' ^'^^^'^-'.--y-S- «f several u.onths, at Nellore oTthe 
 ^I'-^J - 1«<>»- There the Canadian mis.sionaries were to abide until thev had 
 ac.,mred the Telugu language, after which they were to open a new statTon at 
 Rainapatam. At the time of their arrival, Mr. Jewetb had been nelrlv twenty 
 years in the country having labored, through that long period, at Nellore 
 He would, therefore be aWe to afford etticient help to the missionaries in their 
 new surroundings. Mr. Clough was stationed at Ongole, nearly ninety mUes 
 distant, and was already beginning to gatlier in the har^^est. so that i^.sp r! 
 t on would not be wanting. With intense application the missionaries purS 
 the s uUy of the language, so tliat, after a time, the new speech began to come 
 and the enthusiastic workers were able to tell, in a stammering way the 
 wonderful message of Divine love. Early in 1870, they removed^ trRama 
 pa am, where they at once began thrusting in the gospel sickle. Befo eThe 
 hrst year passed they had gathered in seventy sheaves-a goodly return for 
 their labor. Thus encouraged they bent all their energies towar^dsrspeedy 
 ingathering of the vii>e harvest that met the eye in ever/direction. 1 second 
 year passed over the busy missi.maries, but not until they had gathered „ 
 one hundred and seventy-one precious souls. Those were glad days, and yet 
 no altogether without anxiety, for the tender converts needed teaclur , »md 
 ot teachers there was a sore dearth. So the missionary set himself to a pre 
 l.ara tion of these starting classes for Bible study. He began with two nadve 
 assistants and fifteen students. Thus he hacl the hon.fr of founding the 
 Rimapatam Theological Seminary, of which he continued in charge u tfl the 
 beginning of 1874 when Rev. R. R. Williams, specially appoint!,d "o chat 
 positn.,,, relieyed the overburdened missionary of that part of the work 
 
 .Nor, in the meantime, had the converts, for wliom all this h«d been 
 l-lanned been forgotten much less the great unreaped harvest tield. For six 
 years Mr. Timpany with unwearying zeal, prosecuted the Ramapatam work 
 baptizing, during that ,.eriod, more than seven hundred converts Upon 
 
 Zt h! n'"'h?'' 'I' ^^' *'• •'" r'''"".^ ^'' connection with the Missionary Ui 
 hat he m«ht enter i^ion the independent work started two years earlier by 
 Canadian Baptists. During his stay in Canada he studied medicine tha he 
 might be better CMUipped for service in the mission Held. He then sailed a 
 second time for Indm, but this time to Cocanada, where he arrived in tie last 
 days of 1878 and where he found Mr. McLaurin waiting for his cominJ 
 
 Mr McLaurin had also labored in connection with the Mi88ionary'\T„ion 
 He had ,]oin.a the Telugu mission of the Union in 1870, had studi-d he 
 language at Ram.patam. and had contributed very efficient service during a 
 
 c;n;.rt^-tlH*eby«;arlydoulS..g'4;tS:m,;l;&;^ 
 
CANADIAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSIONS. 
 
 87 
 
 Mr. Clough, having returned fror . uierica, again resumed charge, whereupon 
 Mr. McLaurin proceeded to Cocaiii.i,, to organize the new mission of Canadian 
 Baptists. 
 
 II. PLANTING THE NEW STATION. 
 
 The McLaurins arrived at Cocanada, a large seaport town, about 350 miles 
 north from Madras, on the 12th March, 1874, and passed their first night in a 
 native house "in the crowded, noisy, vile-smelling bazaar." Later they secured 
 other quarters, but it was not until January 22nd, 1876, that they were able to 
 secure the present commodious mission house and compound, for which the 
 mission paid 9,000 rupees, or about §4,250. 
 
 This new movement updii Cocanada was made at the urgent entreaty ot 
 Thomas (Jabriel. This man, rither a remarkable character in his way, was, in 
 early life, connected with the Lutheran church at Rajahmundry. At hrst he 
 was only a writer in the telegraph department, but succeeding, by his own 
 unaided efforts, in mastering the details of signalling, he was entered on the 
 recrular staflF. Being transferred, in 18t)7, to Bombay, he passed through 
 Madras on his way, and there met Rev. Doss Antravady, by whom ho was 
 baptized hito the Baptist church. After a brief period, he was recalled to 
 Cocanada, where he began mission work, at first in connection with Mr. 
 Bowden, of the Narsapur mission, afterwards independently. He had, how- 
 ever, resigned his position in the telegraph department, and not having other 
 resources to fall back upon, he was soon reduced to dire extremities. He then 
 offered the mission, consisting of somewhere between fifty and seventy-five 
 converts, and of vari(ni8 debts of unknown tiuantities, but estimated at 2,000 
 rupees, to the Strict Baptist mission in Madras. But they, and no other 
 Baptist organization, being able to undertake extra work, Gabriel turned to 
 Canadian Baptists, to whom, through Mr. McLaurin, he offered the mission. 
 And then from Canada came the memorable message— (ro to Cocaiutda <m the 
 hasiy of !/our letter. Send reskpiatwu. " A fiash of light speeding half-way 
 around the globe. Glad tidings of great joy to that ancient and heathen city— 
 and the work was done ; the first Baptist Foreign Mission of Ontario and 
 Quebec was established at Cocanada." 
 
 III. TEN YEARS' LABOR. 
 
 Mr. McLaurin's first task, upon arrival, was to bring order into Gabriel's 
 affairs, which proved no easy matter. Then there were the Christians to be 
 searched out wid properly organized, native helpers to be trained, schools to be 
 established, and, above all, the gospel to be preached to the thousands groping 
 in moral and spiritual darkness. ^ , . , „ , , tt 
 
 And this work was but well begun when Gabriel was called home. He 
 had lived only long enough to see the mission provided for. Hia work was 
 done. God sent another— Josiah Burder— to fill his place and to aid the 
 missionary in his labor of love. The work was grandly successful. The hrst 
 year, Mr. McLaurin baptized 133, and the second year, «9 converts, so that, at 
 the close of 1875, the membership numbered 287. Carey had toiled seven 
 years Judson nearly seven years, Jones of Siain more than fifteen, and the 
 piune'ers of the Telugu mission of the Union, thirty years, before success 
 crowned their labor. Enthusiasm ruled in home councils, and reinforcements 
 were at once thought of. Thus the Curries were appointed, and joined the 
 McLaurins at Cocanada on the 12th day of February, 187(5, tliree days after 
 they had moved into their new cjuarters. 
 
 fpu-^. v«i^r liko. the nrecedinii was also successful, for 7" converts were bap- 
 tized, while in 1877 more than one hundred members were added to the church, 
 making the total membership at the close of the . ">.r 428. 
 
m 
 
 88 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IN HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 . The tollotvmg year saw additional reinforcement in the Craies, who ar 
 rived m Cocanada on the 4th January, 187H, the Curries making room for then, 
 in the iniasum house by moving to Tuni. where they opened a new station on 
 the .Jiid of the month Thus a second station was added, with a third in pros- 
 pect. Uiit 18<8, though opening s.^ auspiciously, was to be an extremely trying 
 year, for Nathan (,abriel, brother of Thomas Gabriel, dissatisfied with his posi- 
 tion, quit his work as teacher in the station school, and betook himself to the 
 Christian hanilets scattered miles distant from the station. There he worked 
 havoc, giving himself out as some great one, promising large things, and among 
 others, tliat he would have the missionary recalled, would himself institute 
 direct relations with the Board and secure for them all, all the money thev 
 needed. 1 he missionary should no longer expend it on himself, for it was 
 designed for them, and to the rightful persons it should come. This was in 
 March, but tiie missionary, ,n account of illness, was unable to visit the Christ- 
 ians until October. In the meantime Nathan Gabriel had come to grief throu-h 
 Lis haughty and high-handed dealing, the Christians turning from him in mass • 
 still serious mischief had been done which would recjuire months to undo 
 
 It was towards the close of this year that the Timpanys arrived at Cocan- 
 ada relieving the McLaurins, who, worn out with nine years of Indian toil 
 took furlough, embarking for Canada on the l^ith of February, 1879 
 
 Mr. limpany was henceforward to be the Cocanada missionary and was to 
 make his great personality felt in a thousand villages. He found much still to 
 do in the way of building, but with his enthusiasm and earnest energy he soon 
 had the girls (luarters completed, a boys' dormitory built, the chapel school- 
 house erected and a new boat-" The Canadian '-running the canals He 
 also completed the rp .--•xnization of the field and baptized one hundred and 
 nineteen converts during tlie year. 
 
 L p to this date Usa Coviiiada field had embraced country on b(jtli sides of 
 the Godavery river, h.M on the 1st January, 1880, the western side was seb 
 apart under the n > ;h» .a the Akidu field, of which Mr. Craig became the mis- 
 sionary There also ww,t with the new field three hundred' and twenty-seven 
 native Christians, leavi-a- the Cocanada missionary with about fifty only, and 
 those widely scattered. J' j-i ■*"" 
 
 Mr. Craig had now been in India nearly two years, had acciuired a good 
 working use of the language, and also some knowledge of the people He 
 accordmgly entered upon his work with great zeal and large expectations Nor 
 were his expectations unrealized. The field at once responded to his touch 
 better organization was speedily effected, while success from the outset attended 
 the new missionary. He baptized, during his first year, one hundred and fifty 
 converts, thereby increasing the membership of his churches to four hundred 
 ana seventy. Five native evangelists, one colporteur, and five village teachers 
 had been employed m various parts of the fi^^ld. Moreover, towards the close 
 ot the year the missionary had m(,ved to Akidu, occupying, with his wife a na- 
 tive house that had been put into repair and made passing habitable. A cm- 
 pound had also been secured. There were still the mission house, the chapel 
 and otlier buildings to be erected, and many other necessary things to be done! 
 yet thnig.s looked hopeful, and the future smiled brightly. 
 
 Alas I It was but for a season, for early the following year Mr. Craig was 
 sorely afflicted by the loss (,f his wife. It was a fiery ordeal, but the Master 
 does all things well; so trusting where he could not understand, the lonely 
 worker turned to his great task, and gave himself to an unshrinking prosecu- 
 tion ot it. The work spread. Converts flew "like doves to the windows " 
 one hundred and sixty-eight in 1881. two hundred and twenty in 1882, and one 
 hundred and seventy-eight in 188.'}, so that at the clo.se of the latter year there 
 were tour churches, and nine hundred and seventy-five communicants 
 
 In the meantime work of a vastly different kind was be'iiig done in another 
 •piarter of the lelugu field. About 40 miles northeast from Cocanada, and « 
 
CANADIAN KAI'TIST FOKEKiN MISSIONS. 
 
 89 
 
 miles inland from the coast is situated Tuni town, the capital of Turn Zaniin- 
 dari. Hither the Curries had come and her.' they labored hard to effe. 1 a 
 settlement. P'or eighteen months they had no better dwelling than the 
 cramped (luarters of a native hoiwe and, when they I'scaped from tlint, they 
 entered a house i>nly partially completed, and designed ultimately for a chapel, 
 but in the meantime for a mission bun<^alow. , , , • 
 
 Sickness also had invaded the missionary home, a cyclone had driven them 
 from their tirst (quarters, and other difticuit'S had pressi-d them on every hand. 
 But now t'.ey breathed more freely -consutored themselves established, and 
 looked forward bravely into the future. Mr. Currie, in no wise ignorant of 
 what the undertaking involved, i)egan h'-. ^reat work of car n._r a livnig church 
 out of dead heathenism. He was a faithiul missionary, his undivided 
 
 attention to the one thing before him—the preaching of .pel m Tuni and 
 
 the surrounding districts. It was a hand to hand grai^ with a terrible 
 heathenism untouched for a-es. It was an e\i)loring of parts never before 
 visited, a preaching of the C- spel to a people in whose ears the voice of a 
 Christian teacher would sound strai .'o and forbidding. The task was a pain- 
 ful one. sucross came slowly, but the ,,uiot persevering worker never varied m 
 his course. Bearina the living seed of the kingdom, he scattLred it with an 
 unsnaring hand, bt.'Ut!ving that it would prepare a soil for its <jwn reception. 
 
 In Maruli of the second year of his settlement at Tuni, ho organized a 
 church of six nn-nibers, but all of these had accompanied him from Cocanada. 
 As yet the outlying heathenism had given back no answering response. In 
 that same year, however, he succeeded in making two converts, in the next 
 year, three, in the next, four, in the next, seventeen, and in the next, eighteen, 
 so that he could report at the close of 18Ki, a church of fifty members. 
 
 He had taken two preachers with him when he entered upon this new 
 field, but they failed him and had to be dismissed. But he picked out others- 
 punka pullers, bullock drivers, cooly men— and i)atiently trained them for the 
 work. Some of these were carried with him on his tours, and instructed dur- 
 ing the intervals of preaching. His was a trying task, sutficient to daunt a less 
 resolute worker. The higher classes stood aloof. But he turned to the poor 
 and despised, in whom his large faith could see fit stones for the spiritual 
 temple, and polished them with a patient hand. His i)atience was rewarded. 
 For there were at the close of the same year (1883), two teachers, four preachers, 
 three Bible women, a station school, three outstations, and three students in 
 the seminary. All this in six years— and he was still living in the chapel- 
 bungaiow. 
 
 The McLaurins returned to India in the beginning of 1882, and at once 
 proceeded to Samulcotta, nine miles distant from Cocanada, to undertake the 
 theological instruction in the mission. A compound had been secured with the 
 ruins of former buildings— but the ruins only, so that the missionary had vir- 
 tually to build a new mission bungalow, which was to serve, temporarily, the 
 double purpose of dwelling and class-rooms, as well as to erect dormitories for 
 the students. The Imilding was c.mipleted by October, in which month the 
 new school, designated the Samulcotta Theological Seminary, was formally 
 opened— "a theological seminary with three teachers and twenty pupils, a.H 
 many as Woodstock theological departmr.it had when it began ; as many as 
 McIViaster Hall had to begin with ; pnd wlio shall say that this will not prove 
 as great a blessing to the Telugus as these to the Canadians ? " 
 
 ° The Seminary entered upon its second year in 1883, with forty-four students 
 and the same staff of teachers. 
 
 In that same year. Miss Frith, designated to zenana work, arrived at 
 Cocanada, where she entered the home of the Timpanys and began the study 
 
 of the lan(.,uage. ... w 
 
 And now, what of the Cocanada field, and the Cocanada missionary ( \V e 
 have already seen Mr. Timpany entering upon the new year of 1880, with a 
 
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IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-S) 
 
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 Sciences 
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 33 WIST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, NY 14580 
 
 (716) S73-4503 
 
 
90 
 
 BAPTIST VVOliK IN HKATHEN LANDS. 
 
 smaller field, and fewer Christians— yet, the field was ample still, comprising 
 as It did, 400 towns and villages, with half a million unevangelized heathen 
 while the fifty Christians were the earnest of many more to follow The field 
 was also une.jui'l, some parts giving large promise, while other parts were as 
 forliulding as the Tuni district. 
 
 But what of difiiculty '. There was a master-missionary in the field— a 
 born leader of men— a worker ready for any emergency. With grand impetu- 
 OHiiy and divinely begotten enthusiasm he swept evei-ything Ixifore him His 
 Chi istians loved him like a father and would follow his lead anywhere! His 
 preachers, catching his spirit, labored from h.ve and were as ready for hardshii) 
 as their guide. These were his disciples— his children in the faith. And the 
 heatiien— even they resuected the man of (Jod, Mie elders conversing familiarly 
 wir.li him the younger men regarding him with reverence, while the children 
 of the villages gathered eagerly around him. His heart took in every tale of 
 woe, his time was lavishly devoted to those about him, his life was |)oured out 
 like water. The consecration was complete ; tliere was no reservation ; he was 
 a grand missionary. But wo have no space to follow his work minutely A 
 single sentence must sum up the labor of four years. By the close of 1883 he 
 had baptized two hundred and eighty converts ; there were three native pas- 
 ters, nine teacliers, two colporteurs, one Bible woman and three hundred com- 
 municants. 
 
 IV. THE CRUSHING BLOW. 
 
 The mission had now entered the year 1884, when events were fast con- 
 verging to a crisis. We have sketched the work at each station, in the merest 
 outline only, yet sufficiently to make clear that lives were fast burning out and 
 that a season of rest would soon be imperative. And so it resulted. 
 
 The Curries were the first to leave the field. A few weeks later Mr. Craig 
 followed. Early in 1885, Mr. McLaurin, breaking under the strain, voyaged 
 to Rangoon, 800 miles across Ihe Bay, hoi)ing for a short res))ite. The Cocan- 
 ada missionary was also worn, liut a thousand ties held him at his post, liis 
 hand alone could guide the work, and he cannot (juit the field until others take 
 Ins place. Ho felt it all keenly— felt the tardiness of the Board in sending 
 reinforcements— felt the indiirerence prevailing in Canada where no volunteers 
 for the work were offering— felt the loneliness of the place, as one after another 
 of his associates left him. Yet he presented ever the same indomitable front ; 
 there was no drawing in of lines ; thougii weary and needing rest, he did not 
 spare himself. But he wrote, as Mr. McLaurin was dejiartiiig, " It makes me 
 feel lonesome. I do hojio that Mr. Craig may be l)ack liy tlie 1st Octoher and 
 that a new missionary may come. Pray (iod to put it int(j the heart of a good 
 man to come to this work. There is a great deal of interest in all parts of our 
 mission field. I verily believe a thousand would be baptized this year could we 
 do the work. Oh, it is glorious .' but where are the reaiiers T' 
 
 It was hisid.s/ ap|)eal. On early morn of tlie 20th February, 1885, there 
 came Hashing from India to Canada tlie startling ineHsage : '"Tiiiipnim ilkd 
 iirsfcvdmi." The bh)W was so suddon, s.) crushing, that it was hard t(» realize. 
 Timpany, the intrepid, loyal, enthusiastic missionary, the long cherished friend, 
 the well-beloved father Timjiany, the heart and soul of the Canadian Baptist 
 I'. M. in ivemont ; whose name had boon associated with the cause for nearly 
 twenty years, and had now becinno a household word ; whose devotion, zeal, ai.<! 
 love had moved so many ; whoso aim had been so single ; wh<. seemed so necos- 
 sary to the work oh, it was hard to realize fallen! Many were the hearts 
 that sorrowed that morn— many were the bitter tears sh»d— sore was the cry 
 that burst forth. 
 
 h'.v.\ 
 
 ~-TVi 
 
 city who cried in her distress 
 
 w iu Iiiui;t : V/h;it of thr -.vifo in that groftt heathen 
 "Killed, killed, killed, with care and anxiety 
 
CANADIAN BAI'TIST FUliEKiN MISSIONS. 
 
 91 
 
 fur the Telugus " I What of the fellow-niissiunary trying to rest in Rangoon 1 , 
 ^Vhat of the poor, wounded, scattered sheep without a shepherd '. What of the 
 heathen who would never again be thrilled by his earnest appeals '. 
 
 " There were in India, night and bitter tears. 
 The pastor slept- -the husband, father, friend, 
 The graciouts counsellor, the tender guide- 
 Slept all unconscious of the tears tliat rained 
 Around and over him, serene and calm. 
 For God had given ' to His beloved sleep '." 
 
 It is now seven years since that crushing blow fell, yet time has not oblit- 
 erated its teiribleness. In the liome land many still remember that sad morn, 
 while in Telugu land, the villagers still cherish the nan»e of him who was wont 
 tn vi.sit them.'' He lias left behind a fragrant memory and his works do follow 
 him. , 
 
 V. A TRYING PERIOD. 
 
 Mr. IMoLiiurin turned back unrested from Rangoon and at once stepped 
 into the vacant plaoc. Mr. Currie hastened back from Canada, but all too soon 
 for the burdens tiiat he must now carry. Mr. Craig followed, and with him a 
 new man, Mr. Stillwell, but who must first acquire a new language before he 
 can in any measure relieve the strained situation. Five months later, a second 
 recruit, Mr. Auvache, joined the mission forces. Thus two new families were 
 on the ground, and yet no material addition had been made to tlie working 
 stafl". For it was found that Mr. McLaurin, who had returned to the Seminary, 
 must seek ciiange and rest in Canada. Mr. StillwoU was accordingly thought 
 of in connection with tiie Semuiary, while Mr. Auvache would Hll the place of 
 the 1 imented Timpany. 
 
 liefore, however, those plans could be carried out, another missionary had 
 fallen. Tins iime it svas the (juiet and (latient Currie—the resolute and [)er- 
 sistent lal)orer who had laid tlie foundations of iheTuni work. The ranks were 
 thus again broken, nor were the new workers as yet ready to lift auglit of the 
 burden. The full weight of the work, the care of three lieids, now fell on Mr. 
 Craig, for Mr. McLaurin was too ill to perform other than his duties in the 
 Seminary. 
 
 Hut the Samulcotta missioncry did not rally, and every day's prolonged 
 stay was endangering a life tiial the mission could ill H])iive. The physicians 
 Would no longer assume tiie responsibility of delaying the hon, 1 v.iyago, so that 
 tinally the McLaurins — they who had begun tlie new work and had been asso- 
 ciated witli it so long — they whoso exi)erience and counsel were so urgently 
 needed — tiio McLaurins, and with thoin Miss Frith, prematurely worn out, for 
 siio, too, Inul been carrying more than lier strongtii would permit, embarked 
 for the liome land. 
 
 The force, thus depleted, was not ade(iuate to carry on the whole work 
 without endangering other lives. Tlie Seminary vas, tlierefore, closed, while 
 the field work was divided between Mr. Craig and Mr. Stillwell, the foriner 
 carrying the heavier part. In the meantimo Miss Hatch iiad joined the mission, 
 arriving in the country in December, IHHt'i, and at once assumed charge of the 
 zenana work. Though thus cast down, the workers were not discouraged. 
 The Auvrtches would shortly share i)art of the burdens, when things would, in 
 some measure, rotnr.i to their former healthy condition. 
 
 Before long, however, it l)ecanio apparent that the Auvachea were ill-suited 
 to tlio climate, and before the year do.sed they, too, were gone. This verily 
 wiw heart-breaking. Nearly three years had pasststi since Mr. Tihipaay 8 deiilh, 
 vet reinforcements had not reinforced. They invd been sent too late. Regrets, 
 
 I 
 
92 
 
 BAPTIST WoHK IN HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 ■!:: 
 » 
 
 however, were of no avail, nor would they bring back those that had fallen, nor 
 replace those that had been driven from the tield. There was nothing to do 
 but to hold on for another year while the new missionaries— the Davises 
 Laflamme, and the Garsides— who had come in as the Auvaches had "one out 
 made ready for the work. That year soon passed, and by the begtnniiic/ of 
 1889 the old order began to return. The Craigs were again at their old statu.n 
 Akidu, while the Davises were now to take charge of the Cocanada work • the 
 Stillwells were in the Seminary, and the Garsides at Tuni ; Mr. Laflamme 
 would, for a time, labor wherever most needed, while Miss Hatch entered the 
 Seminary for woi-k in the Bible department. 
 
 It is true these workers were mostly new, and would recjuire time to gather 
 up all the scattered threads of the work, and years to ac(]uire the experience of 
 those whom they had succeeded ; yet they had strength, zeal and faith, and 
 were ready to plunge into the deepest and darkest places wlierever need showed 
 greatest. Moreover, three single lady missionaries, Miss Stovel, Miss Basker- 
 yille, and Miss Simpson, had also joined .the mission and were preparin" for 
 iniportant places in the work. Things thus began to assume a brighter aspect. 
 The long, trying period was passed, and now there was ushered in 
 
 VI. A NEW ERA. 
 
 But, before treating of this new era, we must{)ause to review another work 
 intimately connected with this, and henceforth almost inseparably associated 
 with it, so much so that the two in some jjhastB seem to be not two but one. 
 
 CHAPTER EIGHTEENTH. 
 
 FOREIGN MISSION BOARD OF THE BAl'TIST CONVENTION OF THE MARITIME 
 
 I'ROVINCES. 
 
 I. EARIi MISSIONARY WORK. 
 
 The Baptists of the Maritime Provinces made contributions oo Foreign 
 MissifJiis as early as 1814, formed a Foreign Mission Society in 1832, and sent 
 out their first missionary, Mr. Hurpee, in 1845. But, Mr. Burpee dying after 
 a term of tive years' labor, and no other missionary being found to fill his place, 
 the Maritime Bajttists turned their attention to the support of native agents in 
 the employ of the Missionary Union. 
 
 ThilS policy was continued until 18(i!), when they undertook, in addition, 
 the supjxirt of Mr. (ieorgo, a missionary from the Provinces, but laboring under 
 the auspices of tiie Union. Tliis, however, was considered a temporary arrance- 
 mont only, for the mind of the denomination was again turning towards the 
 establishing, at an early day, an independent mission. 
 
 With this object in view, the Foreign Mission Board were instructed in 
 1871 to make inquiries as to a suitable Held of labor. The Board, according to 
 instructions, presented in(|uiries in various (juarters, but were unable to report 
 anything definite until the aniuial meeting of the Convention held at Windsor, 
 N.S., August 187.'{, when they reconnnended Siani as a desirable field. 
 
 At the same Convention the first missionaries under the new r('<jime — Mr, 
 Sanford and wife, Mr. Churchill and wife, Mr. Armstrong, Miss Armstrong, 
 and Miss Eaton — wore formally designated to the foreign work. A year later 
 Mr. W. B. Bogga was added to tiieir number. 
 
 At .\niher8t. May 1875, the ([uestion of mission field was again considered, 
 when after niatUFO deiiberHtioii, and cdhHuiialioii with Rev. .1. L. Uampbeil, 
 delegate from the upper Provinces, it was resolved to enter the Telugu country, 
 
CANADIAN BAPTIST FOREKiN MISSIONS. 
 
 93 
 
 and work in conjunction with the Foreign Mission Society of the West, each 
 society to sustain and direct its own miasionanes. „.,v Airl 
 
 111 1870, Miss Norrie was instrumental in inaugurating the ^\ onians Aid 
 Societies, which in 1884 were organized into the Woinan s Mi88ionary_l mon 
 Durin.' the tirst year of their formation these societies collected S?l..«-' •' -' ^" 
 an.uunt which has grown by yearly augmentation, untd the receipts m 18J0-9I 
 have reached the gratifying sum of §(5,192 05 Recently, howev-er, a small 
 pr.M.ortion of this income has been expended m Home Mission work 
 
 At present an unusual interest is being manifested in the evangelization of 
 the heathen, and especially among the students in Acadia }- '"^'^^^f .{' ^f^,^^^^^^^^ 
 twn of their number having expressed themselves ready to enter the foreign 
 field as soon as their studies are completed. • , • • jfo 
 
 The society, in sympathy with the new movement is also increasing its 
 appropriations, having rUolved to raise for Foreign Mission work during tne 
 cL Te, t year 0»l-'«2) 818,020, a sum nearly 84,000 m excess oi hvs year s 
 receipts. Since 1873, the receipts, including also those of the W oman s Aid 
 Societies, have been as follows ; 
 
 1873.. 
 
 1874 . 
 
 1875.. 
 
 1870. 
 
 1877. 
 
 1878. 
 
 1879 . 
 
 .8x771.27 
 
 O.I 
 
 29.19 
 (i 780. 2u 
 
 (. :;.")»;.«.■) 
 
 (i.47(i.29 
 .■..:j:!8.4'.t 
 
 9.;!93.(i7 
 
 1880 7.1i:i.of. 
 
 1881 M,i;J7.8o 
 
 1882 8 7,552.60 
 
 1883 8,400.11 
 
 1884 l:;,244.10 
 
 1885 1 (•..804,40 
 
 1,S80 10,120,49 
 
 1887 12,131.91 
 
 1888 
 
 1,VH9 1 '1,078.44 
 
 1890-91 14,2()1.11 
 
 It has also been res,.lved by the Convention that the f^^ches throughout 
 the denomination be re.,nested t<. observe the 14th October, 18. - as the 
 centenary of the origin of .lie tirst Baptist Missionary Society ; and it has been 
 resolved 'further that a memorial fund of $0,000 be raised to be used for mis- 
 sionary purposes as directed by the Convention. 
 
 We now turn our attention to the foreign work of the society. 
 
 II. THE TELUOr MISSION. 
 
 Shortly after the Convention at Windsi.r, the missionaries designated at 
 that meeting, embarked for their prospective tield of lab..r They did not 
 know that nearly two years would elap.se bef.re they *^"V' l.^l'^'fina h Is 
 the Board entertain any such prospect. For it had been decided as fi"'\'l> ^J 
 any decision can be made final, that Siam be the held of operations '"'d that 
 the missionaries direct their attention especially to the evangelization of the 
 Karons, Laos, and other kindred tribes in tliat country. p „ n,^ 
 
 It was this last provision th.at affected the hnahty of the decision ; for the 
 nuniliers and wherealiouts of these tribes were very imperfectly known. U is 
 true that Mr. Carpenter, a missionary of the I mon laboring m Burma, lad 
 visited Siam, and had reported favorably of a mission to the Karens in that 
 country, but his explorations had not been very extensive ; and besides Mr. 
 Cari.enter's representations, the Board and Convention had no other d'»ta trom 
 which to reach a cmclusion than the fact that the missionaries already in the 
 employ of the mission. Miss UeVVolte and Miss Norris, who were working n 
 connection with the Tnion in Burma, were aciuamted with Karen, and the 
 further fact that both the Convention and the missionaries were prepossessed 
 in favor of the Karens. , . *„«,„„ 
 
 In due course the missionaries arrive m Burma, where they separate for a 
 season, the Armstrongs goiug to lavoy, the Chaicmlia ana Minn Laton to 
 
94 
 
 BAPTIST WORK I.V HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 rf 
 
 hf"! 
 
 ix 
 
 Siam, and the Sanfords to Rano;oon. A year later Mr. Bo<r<rs joins the mission- 
 aries in biam, and becomes united in marriage to Miss Eaton. By tliis time 
 the company, havincr made some progress in the language, think it well to 
 begin prospecting with a view to ascertaining the state of the Karen population 
 and the selection of l<,calities for mission stations. Accordingly, Messrs. 
 Churchill and Boggs, from Bangkok, and Messrs. Sanford and Armstrong, 
 from MaulmeiH set out upon their tour of ex{)loration, intending to meet 
 somewhere in Northern Siam. After various experiences, which we cannot 
 recount here, they effect a union at Rahainir, Feb., 1875, where after con)par- 
 uig notes, they arrive at the conclusion that the Karens are far too few 
 scattered, and inaccessible to justify the establishing of a Karen missi.m in 
 &iam. 1 he original idea thus proving delusory, they cast about for anotlier 
 oi)ening. After a careful canvassing of possible fields, they decide in favor of 
 Burina as oflFering the largest inducements, and at once forward their views to 
 the homeland for the Board's consideration and action. 
 
 In the meantime they are in susi)enae, for they know not whither they 
 may be directed, yet they allow themselves to entertain a hope that Burma 
 will bo chosen as the sphere of their future labor. But they are m.t to con- 
 tinue in that land, for while they are still indulging their hopes, there comes 
 Hashing mto Burma the decision of the Convention, that they are to proceed 
 to the lelugu country, and prepare for work among that i)eople. Fr-.m 
 Oocanada, a few weeks later, is cabled back the response, "All here except 
 Miss Armstrong Joyfully working." This was in Aug., 1875. In November 
 of that year the Sanfords removed to 
 
 BIMLIPATAM, 
 
 an interesting seaport town about 120 miles north from Cocanada, where he 
 opened the hrst station of the new mission to the Telugus. Very early after 
 arrival a Telugu service was started in the mission house. Two months later a 
 church was organized. Two years later Mr. Sanford, who had been occupying 
 rented (luarters, began work on his compound and mission buildiniis. which he 
 brought to completion in 1880. Free from building operations he could now 
 bend every energy towards the evangelization of the people in the town and on 
 the held. 
 
 Bimlipatam has a population of about 9,000, and includes among its people 
 some of an enterprising spirit. In 1882 these enterprising characters started a 
 Mutual Improvement Club with liberal aini.s, for they threw open their meet- 
 ings to the missionary and his doctrine, an opportunity which Mr. Sanford im- 
 proved to the full extent that his other duties permitted. 
 
 There were also chajjel services, prayer-meetings, and Sunday school work. 
 Preachings were held at diflFerent places in the town, and particularly at the 
 clock tower. This being cental, and hard-by the main thoroughfares, multi- 
 tudes were attracted, and thus heard the CJospel. 
 
 For two years and a half Mr. Sanford conducted a boys' school in the 
 town where, a most from the first Mrs. Sanford interested herself in a .drls' 
 boarding-school. = 
 
 •.u ^i!^- '*'^\''^''^" ^'* "1' }^^» *here was touring in the district, when the missinnarv 
 with his heli.er8 preached the Gospel to the people in the numerous villages 
 scattered over the held These early years were largely pioneer work, planting 
 the station, preparing the ground, and sowing the seed ; yet there were tan-ible 
 results, every year witnessing baptisms. "^ 
 
 Early in 1885 Mr. Sanford, on account of failing health, embarked for 
 Canada his wife having preceded him by about three years. During his absence 
 the work was T„ost efficiently carried on by the Archibalds, assisted by Miss 
 Wright and Miss Gray, who had but recently joined the mission 
 
 loward the close of l8«0 the Sanfords returned to India, resuming char<'e 
 
CANADIAN HAPTIST FuHEKJN MISSIONS. 
 
 95 
 
 of their old field on New Year's day, 1887. Just about the time of Mr. fea- 
 sor Vs return to the country, Mr. KesavakaB, a Brahman convert, was ba.t^ed 
 an event which threw the whole town into convulsions. S.x njonths ater a 
 second convert from the same exclusive caste, joined the despised Christians. 
 
 It is now the beginning of 1892, and Mr. Sanford ,s again preparing for a 
 homo voyage. Mr. Morsels to succeed him in the work. Before closing this 
 Saccount c.f the nussion at Bindipatam, we must refer to the work of Miss 
 Gmy, ^vho has been connected with the mission for eeyen years during wh ch 
 pmod she has manifested a rare devotion and zeal, and has contributed not a 
 little to the present satisfactory condition of the mission. ., . ^ ..^ . 
 
 After reaching the Telugu country the Armstrongs .^^vf for <. time at 
 Samulcotta, from which place (hey removed to Kimedy, in June, 187b. This 
 town proving unhealthy, 
 
 CHICACOLE 
 
 was occupied March, 1878, and the remaining months of that year were largely 
 Tent in Vepairing the buildings that the mission had aciuired by purchase. 
 ^Te two following years were crowded ;»ith missionary service on the great 
 tield upon which they^fad entered. It had a coast line of 90 miles, with a depth 
 of from 35 to 30 n.iles, and a population exceeding a million souls^ They had 
 found some Christians at Akalatampara, the fruit of Rev. Doss Anthravady a 
 work and these formed the nucleus of a small church By the close of 18/9 
 There were two schools in operation, three preachers and one colporteur engaged 
 a smallciiurch of seventeen members gathered, while a spirit of inquiry began 
 
 '''"'BuSlrf Armstrong's (Miss Norris) health failing, the missionaries sur- 
 rendered their work to Miss Carrie A. Hammond, and departed for Canada in 
 May, 1880 Miss Ham.nond, afterwards Mrs. Archibald, had joined the mis- 
 sion in 1878, living and working in Bimlipatam until her removal to Chicacole 
 Attlispkce she continued, doing faithful work, strengthening the hands of 
 The Chr t'ans and the helpers, until relieved by the Hutchinsons, who arrived 
 at Chicacole in December, 1881, and assumed charge the beginnnig of 1882. 
 During Miss Hammond's stay at Chicacle seventeen converts were l?Hptued 
 a^id when she passed the wo/k into the hands of the new missionaries there 
 were two preLhers, two colporteurs, one teacher, two Bible-women, and a 
 church of thirty-eight members. . , , • u i. 
 
 Mr Hutchinson, in an incredibly short space of time, made hin^self niaster 
 of the language which he learned to speak like a native, into which he trans- 
 fated a Bible Geography, and -mt of which he translated an Indian story which 
 he designated •' Foriune's Wheel." He also covered his extensive held by 
 frciuent tours which he planned so as to reach all the villages on it^ He 
 con inued in the work until March, 1887, when he passed the mission over to 
 Se Archibalds and returned to America. During his brief term of missu^ary 
 service he bapti/Anl forty converts and left to his successors a church of hftj- 
 
 "''' ' Mr.'^Ardubald was now the Chicacole missi.,nary. He had been in the 
 country four years, two of which he had had charge of the Bobb.li and Bmi- 
 il'tam fields! so t'hat he entered "l-n the Chicacole work with a we^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 experience. The tiehl at once responded to his touch. The Christians and 
 he pers were drawn into hearty sympathy and co operation. Baptisms f.dlov. ed^ 
 the church grew in wisdom and numliers, the workers increased in efticiency 
 ami there v^'is splendid promise of reaping when •^""^^'^\'=>?';^\^rV; X 
 Mrs. Archibald, on account of dangerously impaired 1 •■'^^*?' i^7.,.7'S 
 retreated from the field, and Mr. Archibald followed in October, 1«^' « ^^^ 
 havimr entrusted the work to Mr. Higgins, who has already proved hmiself a 
 worthy successor. There is another worker whobe namo is luscparawiy v-u- 
 
96 
 
 BAFl-IST WORK IX HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 $ 
 
 nected with tlmt of the Archibalds-Miss Wright, a single lady missionary 
 who did, at Chicacole, a work similar to that of MissVxrav at Bin.liSm Shp 
 Im ^su.ce jomed the Archibalds in Canada where th;\So are 'Kng for a 
 
 Besides the two stations already mentioned, a third was opened at 
 
 BOBBILI 
 
 by the Churchills, wh(. had also to spend their first years in pioneering work 
 Ownig to Illness, difficulty in procuring land, delay in buiErscme vears 
 passed before they culd call themselvel established. Moreover the ground 
 was unbroken soil, so that the missionaries have had to pass throu-^h the trvi a 
 period that ever attends the inauguration of a work in a new district Then^ 
 
 cTnnrr;: "^ " '^T^ ?l '^'^^""' '^'^^ ^^'^ '^^^^^ *« ^-•■^ unaidS, so that „'^ 
 cannot but marvel at the patient perseverance and faith that have kept the 
 
 lonely workers at their post. Mr. Churchill has very fre.mently toured without 
 a single native helper, and has for days and weeks preached trZymmtS 
 heathen companies all alone. Perhaps no one save a missionary can f4m any 
 conception of what such a lonely work really involves. But the BobbiH n^ s^ 
 t a T' f^'' «>^^-"»""'\ted every difticulty, have gathered a small churc have 
 trauied a few workers have established schools, and are now beginning t^ reap 
 from their hard tilled and patiently tended field. We have already seen hov 
 
 Miss^ettie Fitch joined the mission at Bobbili, and gave promise of becominl 
 an eftic.ont helper, when Mr. Ladamme, from the sister mission! c lainiedTer 
 to assist him m the work at Yellamanchili. ^^nuiiLa ner 
 
 Quite recently a f<,urth station has been opened at Vizianagram, where 
 Mr. Shaw is laboring, while there is a fair prospect of a fifth being abided 
 Mox' ;" "'"''' Mr. Barss, a late arrival, is at' present preparhg^ £ 
 
 weie, at the close of 1891, 14 missionaries (3 in Canada not included) 17 
 preachers, 5 coli.orteurs, 12 Bible women, « churches and 201 communicants 
 page 92. "'*^ "''"' '*''""'^ ^^''^^'^ ""^ ''"' "^"''"^ti^e which we dropped at 
 
 CHAPTER NINETEENTH. 
 
 O^ 
 
 THE CiKNiJRAL CONFERENCE. 
 
 '\?^i f'"^ • ^^ °^ f '*"ni?7' ^^^''' ^^^ missionaries from the two Canadian 
 Baptist missions-the McLaurins, Curries, Sanfords, Churchills and An 
 
 Ut;"g:rm?d 'th r t'' ia the town of Bimlipatam where, after con^ultatio, 
 st^T^f Mi^r '"'p'^'*''"'^^^ the Canadian Bap- 
 
 deliSr ^^'''"'"^^y C.mference. The <.b ect of said Conference was " o 
 deliberate upon matters relating especially to the interests of the missions and 
 also with reference to questions affecting the extension of Christ's kingdom !n 
 
 allv I'u^, ^^f ^"l^T""' "ft'^f"/««r8 '*g'>. tlie Conference has convened annu- 
 a y, and much ,.roht has resulted from its meetings; but, in this narrative, our 
 an ''l58«r iZ'Wf ""« P-^rticular meeting only, namely, that held in Janu' 
 fisLfin'thl r, 5- "r'',-^"''/^!' ^r''''' Secretary, and afterwards pub- 
 lished in th^ tamdum BaptLst of April 11, 1889. Mr, Laflamme gives a most 
 v.ud description of the Conference. We here reproduce a portion ,ff hi« 1«tS 
 iv.tcr speaking ol concerted prayer in both missions prior to the Conference, he 
 
CANADIAN liAPTIST FOREIGN MISSIONS. 
 
 97 
 
 says : " According to appointment I preached the Conference sernKjn, and I 
 think all will agree that it was one of the most disjointed and halting sermons 
 ever preached on Acts 1:8. At the close of the service one of the brethren 
 who seemed brimming over with joy and fellowship of Christ, asked that we 
 remain for prayer, that God would grant us the blessing promised in the text. 
 He and Bro. Davis then oflFered prayers that verily took hold of the horns of 
 the s\ltar. Afterwards we discovered that all three of us had been moved by 
 the same impulse. Then we sang, and before the benediction, an invitation 
 was given to all who desired the gift of God's promised Holy Spirit to remain 
 and supplicate a fulfilment of that blessing. Immediately at tiie close, the 
 women came together with tears, and the men with bent heads. The promise 
 was read from the Book, and then followed a season of such tearful supplication 
 and humble confession as I had never before witnessed or engaged in. They 
 were a company of men and women standing face to face with a work which is, 
 humanly speaking, utterly impossible. . . . The next morning (Monday) 
 it was the theme of the prayer meeting. The brother who led defined it as 
 being the indwelling of the Spirit in such fulness in believers as to move their 
 wills'i' inspire their words, and energize their actions. All seemed to agree with 
 that definition, but that we might be scriptural we met that Monday night for 
 Bible study, and spent a delightful hour around the table after tea. Again on 
 Tuesday evening we met for another hour's Bible study and prayer. The 
 prayers were brief and united, all prayed, and some several times, and we left 
 that room with God'w assurance." 
 
 And then he goes on to speak of the drafting of a resolution by the mis- 
 sionaries, that asked for ''fiftv-tioo men this year, with additional lady mission- 
 aries as the work demands, co" evangelize these ;3,000,(}()0 of Telugus." He then 
 continues : " It isn't money— it is men. Christ said pray the Lord of the har- 
 vest for men— laborers— and if they come, the money is as sure as a mathemati- 
 cal result. If the men come f\nd the money does not, the feeling of the breth- 
 ren is here that they will share the last crust and die in the ramparts of the 
 enemy, not in the trenches." And Mr. Craig adds : " We are in dead earnest 
 for these men, and intend to hammer away till we have at least the men on our 
 part <if the field." 
 
 The resolution ran as follows : 
 
 " Whereas we, the missionaries of the Canadian Baptist Mission to the 
 Telugus, in conference assembled at Bimlipatam, India, Jan. If*-, 1889, do 
 believe : 
 
 "1. That the commission of the Lord Jesus Christ means that tl.'s genera 
 tion of Christians in the world is commanded to give the Gospel to this genera- 
 tion of heathen ; 
 
 "2. That of the one thousand millions who are in spiritUiU dirkness, the 
 3,000,000 of Telugus dependent on us for the Bread of life are a share propor- 
 tionate to the number of our brethren in the Canadian Baptist churches ; 
 
 "3. That for the evangelization of these people the nifan* at present em- 
 ployed are utterly inadequate ; . ^. ^r>f, 
 
 "4. That ample means for that purpose are at the disj) isal uf «m- ,.>,0U0 
 
 Baptists in the Dominion of Canada ; 
 
 " 5. That to every 50,000 of the population of this land, one missionary and 
 fifty native Christian helpers are the least possible number of evangelizing 
 agents necessary ; 
 
 '*(). That until the country is thoroughly evangelized the home churches 
 must provide the support of missionaries and the higher training of native 
 agents, leaving to the Christians of this land the support of their own pastors 
 and teachers ; 
 
 " Therefore be it reeolved that : 
 
 "1. We 5!!!w urse u'son the home cliurchos tlie necessity of at once grajipling 
 with this work by se'nding out immedkdehj fifty-two men, and additional lady 
 
98 
 
 BAPTIST WORK IX HEATHEN LANDS. 
 
 mi88i(jiiarie8 as the work deniaiids, and providiiij,' for the cuiisetjuent extension 
 of the evangelizing agencies ; 
 
 "2. That we impress upon the native churches more fully their responsibility 
 in this work ; 
 
 "3. That we request both the home and native churches to unite with us in 
 a steadfast and continual prayer to the God of missions for an abundant out- 
 pouring of His Holy Spirit, that the workers be filled with power and tlieir 
 hearers bowed with conviction ; for a large output of laborers into this His 
 harvest held, and for the speedy triumph tor the cause of Christ throughout the 
 world. 
 
 "4. And that Wednesday, the 3rd day of April, be observed by us as a 
 special day of fasting and prayer for this purpose, and that we request the home 
 churches to join with us in observing this day." 
 
 This resolution, with some additional emphasizing and elucidation, was, 
 in due course, forwarded to the home Boards for consideration and action, and 
 the denominational papers for publication. And the resolution created no 
 small stir, for it crossed the seas weighted with prayer and reached the Boards 
 and churches like a message from heaven. 
 
 The Foreign Mission Board of Ontario and Quebec responded magnani- 
 mously, expressing their satisfaction that the missionaries had been led to issue 
 their appeal for reinforcements, and, stating their conviction that the needs of 
 the case had not been ovei stated, assured them they would do all in their 
 power to put the reinforcements in the Held. 
 
 The Board of the Maritime Provinces responded with eijual magnanimity. 
 Since the adoption of this liberal policy, the Boards have sent out, from 
 Ontario and Quebec, the Browns, Walkers, McLeods, Barrows, Lorimers, 
 Gooches, Miss Rogers and Miss Booker ; from the Provinces, the Higginses, 
 Shaws, Barsses, Morses, Miss Fitch and Miss McNeil. Moreover, in both 
 constituencies, the foreign mission inter -ist was never at any time so widespread 
 and deep as at present. 
 
 It remains now only to state the present condition of the Ontario and 
 Quebec mission, the story of the others having been already told. 
 
 New stations have been opened at Yellamanchili, where the Latiammes 
 are stationed, at Vuyyuru, where the Browns are settled, and at Peddapuram, 
 where the Walkers are working, while others await openings. The other 
 missionaries, whose work we have mentioned in the foregoing pages, still con- 
 tinue at their posts ; while of the ladies mentioned, Miss Simpsm conducts the 
 zenana work in Cocanada, Mis.s Baskerville has charge of the Girls' Boarding 
 School in the same town. Miss Stovel is doing an excellent work on the Akidu 
 field, Miss Rogers has settled at Tuni, and Miss Booker at Ootacamund, the 
 last named having resigned her connection with the mission on account of the 
 plains proving too trying for her health. There are now 7 stations, 27 mission- 
 aries, 7.'> native helpers, 21 churches and 2,500 communicants. 
 
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CANADIAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSIONS. 
 
 lOI 
 
 CHAPTER TWENTIETH. 
 
 O 
 
 THE PAST AND THE Fl'TURK, 
 
 UR narrative is now at an end. We have, by the Master's good pleasure, 
 accomplished what wo set out to do— have told the story of a century of 
 Baptist Foreign Missions— have traced the movement, started by William 
 Carey, through a hundred yeard— have shown how the volume of movement 
 has gone on increasing, widening, deepening, gathering impetus, until to-day 
 it has become a mighty force. 
 
 In the course of our narrative we have seen the rise of ten Baptist foreign 
 mission societies, and seven woman's auxiliary organizati()ns ; have seen the 
 work in the home land assume greater and greater proportions ; have watched 
 the interest deepen and widen ; have cast up the animal incomes, watching the 
 first memorable collection— £13 2.s 6rf, increase as the century wore away, until 
 to-day it exceeds £200,000, or more than 81,000,000. 
 
 marked their numbe'r^ incr;a;rng 'j;eAr 'tneaft'naveieen new lands entered 
 and new missions opened; have rejoiced with the workers in their successes 
 and EiSuTly scoJed thdr gains.' We have listened with ever deepening 
 fnterest as the narrative proceeded-have heard told again the story of hose 
 early years wLn Carey, Marshman, and Ward preached, taught, and translated 
 a? Seranipore ; when the Judsons did their immortal work in Rangoon and 
 Iva'n Amherst and Maulmein ; when Brown and Cutter made their men,.. r- 
 able ioytge up the mighty Brahmaputra, and Jones and Dean around by the 
 Straits to Siam ; when Boardman began his great work among the Karens and 
 Dav his years of waiting across the Bay in Telugu land ; when bhuck and 
 ?shmoref Graves and Yates, MacGowan and Goddard entered China whi e 
 S and Thompson, Craven and McAll, Combe, and Gienfell pushed their 
 way hito the dark continent. And we have heard of thoir toil -their prayers 
 -leiv travail in those early days when India was closed China «ea ed Burn.a 
 crroaning under a bloody king, and Africa was barred by fever and death 
 ° And then came periods^vhen, as the story ran on, our hearts l.'at m<.re 
 ouicldy and our faces, may be, blanched, but-the story changed and courage 
 returned for the discourse was of an unseen hand that, through the Hame and 
 smoke the war and massacre, the blood and death, was shaping events ren.ov- 
 Tg bars breaking seals and throwing the nations open to the advancing 
 
 ^"''' But the story was still of years of labor and anxious waiting, of winning a 
 convert here and making a slight impression there, while the unseen hand 
 wrought though mercy ^id judgment, by famine, Hood, and pestilence prepar- 
 
 '"° "^And then the narrative brightened as in Bassein and Rangoon, Henzada, 
 Toungoo and Shweygin Karens pressed into the kingdom, so that churdies 
 were formed in a dayfand a people in a year- as in Nel ore and Ongole and 
 Rlmapat^m the Telugus outdid the Karens, for a second pentecost prevailed, 
 STthouis were added to the church-as elsewhere, in Orissa, in Bengal, in 
 JThinaii Japan, and in Africa, the Spint wrought conviction and transformed 
 
 ^'"'TTe'storrh^I'thus run down a hundred years, and we pause a moment. 
 
 cu n ..,, r.oa*- a «lanfn h'ick tli^ wav we have come ; shall we mark the 
 l<»»fl« r^\fJ°Wleu'pr.n.».ur.iy-the Ann Ha»,l.,„es, .h. B„„d. 
 
 1^1 
 
102 
 
 UAPTIST WORK J\ IIEATHEX LANDS. 
 
 mans, the JIoAlls, the Hartlaiids uiid tlie Comburs ; shall we .study our 
 8trfi)i,'th, tile extent (jf our domain, the advantage of (jur position ; shall we 
 stay to deliglit in the trophies won— in tlie one hundred thousand heathen who 
 have made Christ Lord and Saviour ; shall we suffer our thoughts to wing their 
 way to Irnnianuol's Land and dwell on the thou.sands who sing the song of 
 Rloses and the Lamb ; shall we tarry long in singing songs of praise, and in 
 recounting the marvellous doings of Jehovah TJod I Aye, even so. Let us, O 
 Baptist fathers and mothers, Baptist brothers and sisters~~lct us study what 
 CJod ha.s wrought until faith grows strong and courage invincible— let us mingle 
 freely among tliese thousands that now sing the songs of Zion— the Telugus, 
 the Karens, the Chinese, the Africans— let us look at them one by one, until 
 the brain grows dazed with the multitude, until the heart thrills with new 
 love, and burns with new fire, and soul cleaves to the great Captain of our 
 salvation. 
 
 Aye : let us pause a moment, for it is the centennial year of missions. We 
 are in tlie great temjjle, ghn-ifying and praising ''■'od. We glory in our fathers 
 who kept the faith ; and we delight to consider ourselves the loyal preservers 
 of tliat same faith. We glory in missions, for Carey and J udson— immortal 
 names- were bone of our bone, and riesh of our flesh. We keep holy day with 
 light lieart, for what mission can compare with the Karen or the Telugu mis- 
 
 Bajmsls of 17!)2 have t.ec<Jl.Vt fie ^(^icfod of 18.;^:" i^^o;;:^ m^m;:;;^, O bT 
 t,s fathers and mothers. Baptist brothers and sisters ; one moment ' Down 
 
 ^hl ^jIl^T"''"'''' *^"'*"'T^' r^^' '•' ^''""^ ''y ^''' «""'5='' *»»'' t'len endued 
 tk ! 'r^v^f H "^V"^';.'""'''^ ''^/^'l.th^ ^-'^y in missions ; let the 4,000,000 Bap- 
 tists electrify the Christian world into action, for be it known to vou all that 
 ;;;.;;."';;;;:;' f::, *''^; '«0««'^'],-"verts Bapti.sts have won. there are sclrJ^'y 500,'^^ 
 n.o.e that have been gathered m by other denominations, leaving a mic htv 
 margm-how can we write it ! of I.!)!., 400, 000, or, if we reckon aduks onl> 2 
 '':""'"■'' "'<;'. •-"•'/;/ >r,dl„>n, o{ which more than 20,000,000 die every year 
 
 thousand in om- Innnhe.l years, or, but one-twentieth part of them that die 
 
 to tlH.''evt\.*,t'H^^^^^^ we rejoice, there should be confession and humiliation 
 t . the extent that wo have come sliort ; and a renewed consecration nf 
 ob.d.ence. For the purpr.ses of God are purposes of mercy, but await rea li/a 
 .on upon our response. The pnmiise- Ihe heathen shall be ^' ven to 1 m 
 
 sure.^^et can be fulhlled only as we i)ermit (Jod tn fulfil it tl.rou.rh us 
 
 Iherefore, m the name of „ur fathers who deliglded in obedience in the 
 
 nan.e of the heroes and heroines fallen at the front.'aye ! in the name ',f Him 
 
 ^M.-m wecal Saviour aiul Ln,d, shall we not emblazon on our standards the 
 
 naehmg nnlers uf ...r great Captain, i-ledging ourselves never to lower them 
 
 until «(.' can answer back. 
 
 It is llolll' 
 
 f'cc/i ((.s Than Imsl co)iuii<inilvi{. 
 
APPENDIX, 
 
 Till. -^ -' 'o .•••.' , <-'• ■ <•■ ii.miiif{ wo rks :-- 
 
 llevvey's " Story of Bai.tist Missions " ; Armitrtge's " B.iiRi^!^ ^ory " ] 
 Undorhill'8 " lT»'itish Baptist Missions" ; Culross's '• Life of C.vrey " ; Tritton's 
 " His. ana Progress of the Work on the Congo U.ver " ; Bentley's " Life on 
 the Congo " ; Mrs. Guinne.s's " New World of Central Africa" ; H.ll s " His- 
 tory of the (ietieral Baptist Missionary Society and Missions" m the last 
 report ; Smith's "Missionary Sketches" ; Mrs. Chaplin's "Our Gold Mine •, 
 (..nunell's " History of American Baptist Foreign Missions" ; Mrs Baileys 
 "Twenty Years of Gleaning" ; Edward Judson's "Life of Adoniram .ludson ; 
 KiiowleB'"Ann Haseltine .lud.on"; Mrs. Luther's "The Vmtons and the 
 Karens"; Carpenter's "Self-support in Basseiu " : .l-ibileo Volume of the 
 Assam Mission ; Jubilee Vohnne of the Tehigu Mission ; P.adley's "Missionary 
 Directory" (India); Mr. Siienston's " Scrap Book "; the Reports of the 
 various societies ; and the Year Books ; Magazines of the B. M. S. and A. B. 
 M. U.,Ac. ; "Missi. nary Link": " Canadian Baptist," \e.