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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 TXiL)D., n •^-4 O i^-v. .A-I^ 1870.] HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 16S " Premises, or tiny of tlioni. ill the said Pai'ts which hail (onBiacrcd thr subject ; and nothing remains, "rf ■Pouf V,i,ir T,>,.c.,.». V .. v.,.;,,,*; ,, «•,.,,> a recdiuiK'iiKc fur tlio outlay and the purchanod territory CI iiUHl x-xtw dLlSt^, lol i>.l\lgaili)Il, net the iiitciiirimnt; diwovurern and of. thoHo who sent them oi " Iracle, Fisliiug, or otherwist'." 1 hat thest' words Avcro ooiisidi'i't'd by tlic Council as eovorino- Staten Island and its watiTs, is conclusive from the fact that Captain Jolm Palmer, the largest holder of lands on Statcn Island, under New York Grants — one of the ',,,,,, i ^i ,. „ • t. Council subse.iueutlv. and pmsvv//,^//Ar/«.'nt a ' ^^^^'^"^^vas r.'tern'd _the_ Memorml of George as of liriHint; diKcovureri) and of-thOHo wlio Bont tbem out, tmt tlic ( iiijity lionor which thia Report and other similar liapci's HccMirc to tlicni. Aiiiont,' tliow who nioHt carnoRtly supported the Just clairoi for ri'iiiiMK'ratioii of thosn who thua memorialized the Con- l,'ii^.sw:w th/;A^//,rW; «1''P 0;/(»w///'nind sloop Was/i htrjtou , and the t/)e,n ror seven In Ids of lami'. cnrerin',/ in tiiin .lohii Kendrick, and Martha I/, itxund, Jive hmn/re'l acres. ; Gray, widow ol Captain Robert Gray, praying The letter also of the Earl of Perth and his i the conhrniation of their title to certain l.uids associates, dated the twenty-second of August, purchasi.d ut the Indian tribes, in 175)1, on the IG84, written iuconseciiienee of theprocecdiiij^s of this Council, states, expressh', "W ' ' not both the Duke, and they " [///s sionem] " are fully convinced of our rifdit in "everie Respect, Roth of Goucn'mcnt. Ports, " and Harbours, free trade anil Niivigutioii, end " hindnij spoke to the Itnke, w(>i> found hiiu vcrie "just, and to al)lu)rr the thought of idlow- "ing any thing to be don(> contrary to what he " hath passed under his iiand and s(>idl." It may be, therefore, safely iisserted that no | ^vlu) iitt'-d out and despatched two vessels from idea was entertained by the Duke of York of , th(. p,,rt of Boston, Massacliusetts, to the deviating frorii the strict letter of the (Ji-aiits, Xcirthwest coast of America— the one a ship, 1,11 which Htnten Island must be considered as I (.aHj.,! the Columhia, commanded by Captain Northwest coiist of America ; or such compen- Doubt ^idion as Congress shall de(>in just and proper (■Vyy/zw/.s- ! t"r tlu'ir explorations and discoveries in those regions, have had the same under considera- tion and make the following Report: The memorialists represent, that, in the year 17S7, a voyage of discovery and mercantile ad- venture was planned and undertaken by Joseph ]5arrell, Samuel Brown, Charles Bulfinch, John Derby, Crowell Hatch and John M. Pintard, having b(>en adjudged to .Vcir Jcrsci/. not only before Nicoils's letter was written, but as in the last instance noted, nioree\]ilieitly still, tiiirleen years thereafter, in the most aulhiTitive and legal manner. in.— EXPLOR ATKINS Ol'^ WEST COAST OI' THi: Noirrn- Tll!'. UNITED STAl'ES. REPORT ON THE Cf.AfMS OE 'IIIE II El US <>E r rAii\s KE.ynEicE .i.v/* au.w. 1/'- [The hifltory of the ejirlioBt cxplcirationH, dim'ovi'rios, aud purchaHi"< of the Indian tiUcB on the Nortli-wc.st cnawt of North .\nii'rica Ih most concisely piven in (lie l'i>llowiii« He- port, prenented to the Senate of the United StatcH hy a Henatnr from Michigan, ex-Governor l''elch, in the I'inst SrHxion nf the Thirty-Hecond Cont,'reBK. Uefereneea are tlienin made to other UeportH, mad(^ at other Hessioufi, which are printed in the volumcH of Senate Documents. The heirs of the enterprininK mcrehantH of Boston who projected thoBe early voynRes of dincovery and commerce. and the widow of Caiitnin (irny. who discovered ami entered the mouth of the rdby Captain Robert dray- which was the first voyage ever under- takt'u by citizens of the United States to the Northwest portion of this Continent; that so reiiairkable Avas the expedition considered, at that day, that medals, both of silver and copper, were .struck, bearing on one side the represen- tation of the vessels, encircled by their names, and,"!! the other, tlu! names of the owners, Avith the dati>; that thes(\ ve.s.scls .sailed from Boston on the first of October, 1787, and ai-rived at ,V(ii)tka-sound, in the month of September, 17S.S; tluit they continued on the coast until I th(^ Summer of 17WI, Avlien Captain Gray I re-discovered the Straits of St. Juan do ' Fuca, Avhich ho penetrated and explored before any English vessel had ever sailed \ upon its Avaters; that, on the third of July, 1789, i they exehangt^d masters — Captain Gray, taking command of the Columhia, returnedjliome ; that, ' on the tAventy -.seventh of Sei)tember, 1790, he j sailed oil a second voyage and cruised upon the N(U'thAve.st coa.st till September, 1791, Avhen ) he returned to Clyoquot, for AA'intcr-quarters; Avhen in the village of Clicksclocutsee, twelve ! miles from tin; sea, he built a fort, and called i it " Fork Defiance, " Avhich he mounted with 38««5 156 HISTORICAL MAGAZINE [September, 1870.] four cannon, supplying it with other munitions of war, and jjlaeing it under the command of a Mr. Haswell; that he; then^ Ijuilt a vessel of forty tons, called tlu; Atln-iilurer; that,in March, 1792, Captain Gray left Clyoquot, to explore the coast, southward, and , on the eleventh day of May, in the same year, he discovered and en- tered the mouth of a large river, which, to this day,bears the name of the ship Colnmbiu, which lirst ascended its waters, and thus perpetuates the memory of the original discovery; that Cap- tain Gray saih'd fourteen miles up this river, and , with the officers and marines of the ships, landed on its northerly bank, riiised the Ameri- can flag, and took possession of the country, in the name of the United States; that he contin- ued in this river until the twenty-first of May, exploring its channels and trading with the natives; and thatjhe named the t^o capes, at the entrance of the river, "Hancock" and " Adams." The memorialists further represent that Captain Kendrick remained on the coast, with the sloop Washinyton, and, in the Winter of 1789, he erected " Fort Washington " at Mau- riana, in Nootka-sound ; that, in 1791), he ex- plored the whole extent of the Straits of De i Fuca; that, in the Summer of 1791, he inir- j chased of the native Chiefs, for the benefit of j the owners, extensive tracts of laud, and took • formal possession of them, having obtained deeds ^ for the same, embracing all the lands, rivers, creeks, islands, etc., with all the minerals, etc., from the Chief of the nativts tribe, who duly ex- ecuted the same, attested by thirteen witnesses; and that copies of several of these, deeds, with i a full explanation of the transaction, in a letter i from Captain J. Kendrick, adaressed to the ! Hon. Thomas Jefterson, Secretary of State, arc I in the Department of State, and the affidavits of several early navigators, in further evidence ' of said purchases, are ujoon the files of the ' honorable House of Representivcs. j The memorialists urge that, from these dis- j coveries, explorations, purchases, and taking | possession, with a claim of title which was j recognized by Spain and by early English j authorities, the United States Government founded their claim to be endowed with tlie j strongest rights to the possession of the territo- j rics on the Northwest coast; and that immoiise ; benefits have resulted therefrom, and many j millions of acres been added to our national [ domain. They further represent, that, from ; the unforeseen disasters attending so new and re- ■ moto an enterprise.the projectors were subjected to great expersesandan entire loss of their in- vestments. Captain Kendrick lost his life in an accidental discharge of a salute; the vessel and cargo of fura were subsequently lost on the coast of China; the original owners have now all deceased; and their numeroiis heirs and representatives uxa dispersed throughout the States, and some of tlu'ui, in advanced age, without adecpiate means of support; that sev- eral similar applications have been heretofore made, but, until the settlement of the question of division and boundary, with Great Britain. every application has been fruitless. They ask, in behalf of the heirs of the owners, the heirs of Captain John Kendrick, and the widow of Cap- tain Robert Gray, that their title to the lands pur- chased on the Northwest coast, in 1791, may be confirmed, and for somc^ reasonable remunera- tion ,m land or money, for the benefits which have ensued to the United Stat(>s , from their enter- prise and discoveries. Accompanying tlie Memorial, and in proof of the facts therein set fortli, ure several original books, maps, letters and other documents, which furnish the most conclusive proof of the foregoing facts, Copies of some of them, with extracts from otliers, your Committee ajipend hereunto, and malce part of this Report. From the Hialiirivdl ninl Potilical Memoir on theNorllttfi'M Codsl of Amnriai, by Robert Green- how, Translatcjr and Libi-arian to the Department of State, published as Senate Document, No. 174, Twenty-sixth Congress, First Sessi(ju, it appears that.the Spaniards were; the first discoverers of that coast; that, i^revious to 177-1, they had ex- amined thecoast , as far North as the forty-third degree of Latitude, and the Russians, sailing eastward, across the Pacific, from their domin- ions in Asia, had discovered land southerly as far as the fifty-fifth degree of Latitude. In 1774, the Sjjaniards attempted to cxj^lore from the forty-third to the sixtieth degree; but the Span- ish Government carefully concealed all infor- mation respecting these explorations, till 1802, when a meagre account of them waajirinted, in an introductory essay to the narrative of the voyage of the schooners Sutil and Mexicana, at Madrid. In 1775, the Viceroy of Mexico ordered that another expedition should be sent out, for the purpose of examining the coast; and the Sa7iti- ngo and the Sonora were sent forth. The Journal of Maurelle, the Pilot of the latter, was published in London, in 1782. On the four- teenth of August, 1775, Heceta, the commander of the S'lHtiitfjo, while sailing along the coast, discovered a i>romontorv, called by him, Cape 8(111 Roqite, and, immediately South of it, in Latitude 46" 10', an opening in the land which apiieared to be a harbor. This oi)ening, Greenhow thinks to have been the moutli of the Columbia-river, thus first be- held by the native of a civilized country. In March, 1778, Captain Cook, the English navi- gator arrived on the coast, who passed the mouth of t] land a lit to which h The coast i the Strait t de Fuca, w to the Ai that no SI Strait, unn island, win as far as La in which h( sound, but believed to (^oUedioH q Vol. xvi, C In 1785, Canton to turned wit 1786 and tl also sent, passed the mouth of the Columbia, imnoticcd, and first saw land a little beyond the forty-eighth parallel, to which he gave the name of Ciipe Flattery. The coast was carefully exiimined, in search of the Strait through which the Greek pilot, Juan de Fuca, was suidto have sailed from the Pacific to the Atlantic, in 1592; and Cook declared that no such passage existed. Passing the Strait, unnoticed, he .sailed along the shore of the island, which he sujjposed to be the Continent, as far as Latitude 49" 33' wliere he found a bay, in which he aucliored, calling it King George's- sound, but afterwards Nootka-sound, which he believed tobe its Indian desination. — (See Kerr's (^oUedioH of Voi/(i(/cs, Cook, Clark and Gove, Vol. xvi. Chap. iii. , Sec. 13, et seq.) In 1785, a small English brig crossed from Canton to Nootka-sound, from which she re- turned with a valuable cargo of furs; and, in 1786 and the tho following years, vessels were also sent, direct from England, by an a.ssoeia- tiou of merchants, called the King George's- Bound Company, and also by the Portuguese and Russians, tor the i)urpose of engaging in the fur-trade. Tlie I'eport of the success of the early voyages, in pursuit of fm-s, excited tlmt sjiirit of enter- prise so cliaractc'ristic of the Americiin mer- chants; and we find t!iat, early in the year 1787, Joseijh Barrel!, an enterprising merchant of Bo.ston, planned a voyage of discov<>ry iind mercantile adventure to this, then unknown, portion of the American Continent. Th(> origi- nal plan of this voyage is in the hands of your Committee. It is in a manuscriiit l)ook enti- tled Aiuiota/ioiis on liiisiticsi.'i, by ./. Hiirrc/l. It contains a niiiuxte detail and estimate of tho anticipated expedition; the probable profits to be made; the plans to be adopted; ajid the stef)s taken to .ensure success. To .show that the projectors of this great eu- terpri.se had nobler objects in view than mere j)rivate gains, we have only to quote the con- cluding paragraph of these proposals: "From " the preceding statements, it must appear ob- "vious how very favorable .such a trade would " be to the United States of America, as well as "to individuals, for, in ca.se oi' .success, a very " valuiible property would bo brought into the " country from a trifling advance, and in a " short time establish a trade superior to nny " the country enjoys at present; and the idea "may, with propriety , be extended to an and the slooj) Wushinyton, of about ninety tons, we."e jjroenred, the former in command of Cajitain John Kendrick, and the latter under Captain Bobert Gray. Yt)nr Committee find in this manuscript book j of Mr. Barrell, who was the originator and '• ma.ster-spirit of this enterprise, the original letter of instruetiims, entitled. Orders given \ Captain John Kendrick, of the ship Columbia, \for a royaye to the Pacific ocean, which are re- ■ ferred to as exhibiting the designs and pur- ! i)oses of the projectors of the voyage; and ' extracts therefrom are appended to this Re- port. (A.) The ledger of the owners, which is also before ' your Committee, gives their names, and show.s j the items and value of the invoice. These ves- • sels, tlui.Sifitted out, sailed from Bo.ston, in Oc- i tober, 1787, to accomplish their destiny and to carry the American flag to a sea over which it j had, then, never swept, and the American name I to a land where it had not , then , been heard. That sea is now white with the sails that float i in security, under that flag ; and that country, ' thus discovered and first visited by these daring advt^nturers, is now a part of the Ameri- ; (!an Union ; solicits the protection of our Con- j stitution and our Laws ; is represented, by its Delegate , upon the floor of our Congress and I will, certainly, before long, seek admission as [ a sovereign State of this Republic. The memorsdists state that the sloop Wnsh- inr/ton entei'ed and explored the Straits of De Fuca. This is admitted by the English naviga- tor, Meares, in whcjse book of voyage to the N(nihwest coast, " published in London, 1790, " are several maps having dotted lines round " the island now called Vancouver's, represent- ! " ing a sketch of the supposed track of the t " American sloop Washinqton, in the Autumn j " of 1789." The Commissioners of the British i Admiralty, in their Orders and Instructions t j Captain Vancouver, dated the twentieth of Au- j gust, 1791, give additional testimony to the fact: (See Voyage, i. ()2), " You are therefore hereby " recpiired and directed to pay particular at- I " tention ti the examination of the supposed I " straits of Jiiiin de Fuca, said tobe situated I "between4S and 49° North Latitude.and to lead i " to an f)iiening through which the sloop Wash- ] " inrfton is r(>ported to have pa8sed,in 1789. " 168 HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. [September, The memoralists further roin-OHent that C'ap- 1 tain Kendrick. in the year 17!1] . wliih" on the ' coaat, purcluiHCcl several extciisivii tracts oi , land, of the native Chiefs, for the benefit of the | owners of the Washinr/lou; that hi' took projx'r deeds for the same, duly exeeutetl and attested ; and that eopies of some of these dct^ds, witlitlie j letter enclosing them, addrcissed by ("ajitaiu Kendrick to the honorable the Secretary of State, are on file in the State Department. Cer- tified coi)iea of the papers referred to, are liere- unto appended. (13.) j The affidavits of several early navifrators, in ' further evidence of these pun-hases, are alscj appended. (C.) I We have already referred to the orders given | to Captain Kendrick by the owners. JJy them, ! he was instraeted to he Kure to pnrvlntu'' tlw. soil of the uatives,iii ease he made any improvements, , and that it wijuld not be amiss* if he purcliased i some advantageous tract of land, in t)t>: iiiuneof\ the owners; and that the instrument of convey- ance should bear nvt'vy authentic mark the ciV- cumstance would adniit of. It was under this authority, that Kendrick, from the stores of the Washington, as fitted out by the owners, paid these Chiefs, in articles of merchandise of Avliich they were in need, and which were then of great value to them, as is expressed in the con- sideration-clause of some of the deeds. Several original letters are filed with the Meniorial. Captain Kendrick writes to J. Jiar- rell, dated Macao, the twinity-eighth of March, 17S)2 : "In my last voyage, I pur- " chased of the natives, five tracts' of Vuid; and " copies of the deeds which were „ned shall '■ be sent you the first opportunity." To this, Mr. Barrell replies, under dat(» of Boston, the second of January, 17!)3 : "The "copies of the deeds of the lands you have i " purchased are not yet at hand. I hope to ; " receive them by next conveyance from yim. i " At present, they appear to 'be of little value; " but, in some future time, they may jiossibly be " worth po.sscssing. " In the dispute, in 1792, between Quadra, the Sjianish Governor, and Captain Vaneouvf-r, respecting the pospessicm of the building and spot of land .said to belong to a IJritish subject, Quadra applied to Captains Ingraham and Gray for a statement of the transactions on the Northwest coast. Their written rejily bears date Nootka-sound, the third of August, 17!I2, and they say: "As to the land Mr. Mear-'s " said he purchased of Maqninnah or any other " Chief, we cannot say further than that we " never heard of any, although we remanied "among these people nine months and fonld " converse with them pei-feetly well; besides " this, we have asked Maquinnnh and other "Chiefs, .since onr late arrival, if Captain " Meares ever purchased any land in Nootka- " sound; they answered ' No, IIkU Captain Ken- " ' m the ii )K)sse8sed, Grants, and (»f the land it is true, t native CM< [September, , if Captain I in Nootka- Capldin Kt'ii- lhe;i hiid cri'v lectable men, and no mo- lin one yoar Oliver's Vol/- ■muir, 214.) 'tween Great ootka-sound, 'itiiincd Law, Ike Oregon British and ht which an lurehaHC the kViis claimed Englishman, u'linient the liny purchase ted ; and it iver sold any |)('rs(jn than lowledgcd to go of a Por- Vancoiiver the Nootka- ;1 and Spain, id the tents B belonging Mr. John rotection of —(See Van- four manu- ptain Joseph g Hope, from L79(). These (lams, when ition in this ?rahnni mon- ■ith (Jnptain the Si)ftni8h -d that the lands to any Their ror- m's Journal, mtes, under ;he business aptain Van- las ex(>cuted accompanied old any land ither person he acknowl- lands round 1870.1 HISTORICAL MAGAZINE, 159 " Mahwinua ; Captain Magie and Mr. Howard "witnessed this deed and declaration." This corroborates Captain Kendrick's letter to Mr. Jefferson, then Secretary of State, enclo- sing the copies of the five deeds, that his lands were expressly excepted in a conveyance made of the lands adjacent to and surrounding Xootka-sound, in September, to Senor Quadra; and that the Spanish crown, by accepting the conveyance with this reservation, allowed his to be a prior and valid purchase. On Page 188, Vohimo iv., speaking of Ma- (juinna and other Chiefs, Ingraham says : ' ' Every one of them inquires after Captain • ' Kendrick. saying they had plenty of skins for " him; and they would nigl(»i, Ca])tain John " Kendrick, from the Northwest coast of Amer- "ica." This was written at Lark's-bay. He adds, " he had l)(>en into Nootka-sound, where " the Spaniards had still posses.sion. " Your Committee submit, with entire confidence, that no reasonable doubt can be entertained that several purchases of tracts of land were made by Kendrick, who paid a valuable consideration for each of them; and that he made those in- vestments in pursuance of the orders given him, and for the benefit of the owners of the sloop Wfishviffton. The inquiry then arises, what was the extent of those purchases? In answe^r- ing this question, there is some difficulty, arising frf)m the imperfect knowledge of the country )>ossessed, at the time of the execution of these Grants.and the necessarily imperfect description of the lands intended to be conveyed. We hav(>, it is true, some knowledge of the names of the joative Cldefs (which correspond to those in the i deeds) from the voyages of the English naviga- ! tors Meares and Vancouver, and likewise a gen- eral account of the many villages under their authority. But the difficulty is further enhanced by the fact, which is most apparent, that the deed for the larger tract liurchased by Kendrick never reached this country, nor any copies of it. The copies sent to the Department of State are of lands, the most southerly limit of which was the southerly part of Quadra, or Van- couver's, Isliind, which is a little South of Lati- tude forty-nine degrees. They are believed to be entirely of lauds on the island of Quadra, or Vancouver, and cover nearly its entire extent. The missing deed of another tract is claimed by the Memorialists to extend as far South as the river Chealitz or Chekins — the forty-seventh IJarallel. By the letters of J. Howell, the Clerk, who attested the cojiies sent to the Secret, vry of State, addressed to Mr. BaiTcU, after the death of Captain Kendrick, we a.scertain that the deeds of the lands jiurchased on the Northwest coast were in his possession, in Canton, on the eleventh of May, 1795; that the originals were tran-smitted from Macao, on the twenty-third of December, 1790; that the letter was miscarried and the deeds out of his possession, on the sixth of December, 1797; that he Avas in daily expect-^ ation of receiving the deeds, at Manilla, on the twenty-eighth of May, 1798; and should certain- ly have them transmitted. — (Doc. No. 4:^, H. of Reps. , 2(ith Congress, 1st Session. ) Those jiapcrs Avere never received in this country, nor could they \)e traced out, in the East Indii>8, al- though efforts were made by the owners, through a period of twenty years, to find them. There is some evidence, however, which tends to establish the extent of their purchases to be to the forty-seventh i)arallel. On the first of December, 1794, Mr. Joseph Barrell writes to Colburn Barrell, of London : " If you wish for large employ, I can give you " commission to sell upwards of six millions of " acres on the Northwest coast of America, better " land and better climate than Kentucky." In his letter of the eighteenth of June, 1795, he writes that the deeds are in China and contain all tiie authenticity that could be given, for four degrees of Latitude, or two hundred and forty miles square. (D.) Mr. Wardstrom, in his work on True CoJ- o»izntimi, published at London, 1795, Page 3()3, expresses full confidence in the extensive purchase of land on the North-west coast of America; and likewise gives in his work impress- ions of the medals.* A Circularwas also issued in * The Medal. proHPntofl by the Owners to CaptsinKendrick , was prcBented by his widow, through Mr. Hall J. Kelly, in 160 HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. [8cpt6nb6r, « oyn London, on the thirty-first of Aup:iist, 17!)5, nt the very threshold of Parliiinunit, printed in fonr different languages, and extensively eiretiliited, which was addressed to the inliubitants of Europe, and claimed that the piirclmse, niiule by Captain Kendrick, for the owners, wiis "u ' ' tract of delightful country, eunipreheudiug " four degrees of Latitude, or two luindred and " forty miles square." (E.) Mr. Colburn Barrell writes to J. Biirrell from London, on the twenty-fifth of September, IT!!;"). that Mr. Hoskins, who had just returned to France, (and who was the Clerk of the (.'olimi/iid,) had "promised to recollect to us, in a letter, all " he knows on the subject; adding some ac- " count of another tract, purchased by C'liptuii; "Kendrick, and also of a tract which he took " formal possession of, in the name of the " United States." McPherson, in his Atitmls uf Commerce, London, 1805, Volumi! iv, Page 208, says: " Cap- " tain Kendrick, iipparentlj' with a view to "establish a permanent settlement, purchased " a tract of land two hundred and forty miles "square, from the natives." Mr. BayUe'B Report, No. 213, H. of Reps., 19th Congress, 1st Session, on the North-west coast of America, presented on the fifteen tli of May, 1826, pp. 13 and 14, asserts tluit the Xmerican title is strengthened by the purchases of the natives of i. tract of land on these coasts, by prior discovery of the river Columbia, and by its exploration from some of its sources in the Rocky mountains to the ocean. The North Americmi Review, Vol. ii, March, 184«, to Hon. Judge Thornton, of Orogon. The Editor of the Pacific Advocate, in the Fall or 1H58, dencribinR hiH visit to the picturesque rcBidence of Judge Thornton, at "Fairniouut "lake," Linn-county, says: " We spent a very pleasant hour | " at the hospitable dwelling of the Judge, and learned from j " him many interesting events connected with the early liis- "tory of the country. Oregon is greatly indebted to the "Judge, for the useful service he has rendered her, " both as an historian and in his judicial and represontive •■ character. " Among the pleasant incidents of our brief stay with the " Judge , was the sight of tlie identical silver medal piesented "toCaptaln J. Kendrick. The history of the medal is this: " It was struck by the persons who were the proprietors of the •• Columbia and the projectors of the voyage which reunited " in the discovery of that noble river. The medal was given by "the widow of Captain Kendrick to Mr. Hall J. Kelly, a gen- " tleman of liberal education, who, at an early day, had largely " interested himself in the development of this coast, and " who spent several years here. The gift was accompaniinl " with the request that Mr. Kelly would make an appropriate "disposition of the medal. When, in 1858, Judge Thornton " w«8 at Washington, on behalf of Oregon, Mr. Kelly gave it " to him. At a suitable moment, the Judge intends to dtpiisit "it, somewhere, for safe keeping, as a valuable historical relic. "Tlie medal is something larger than a dollar, bearing, on one " side, the inscription, ' Fitted, at Boston, N. America, for the " •Pacific Ocea.1. By J. Barrell, H. Brown, C. Bulflnch, J. Dar- " 'ly, C. Hatch, J. M. Plntard, 1787.' On the other side, arc 1 " an ocean scene, and two ships with the marginal inscrip- { "Won, •Columbia and Wathington, commanded by J. ^ "'Kendrick.'" j 1810, p. 304, mentions this purchase of a large tract of country, near the Columbia-river, and says, that the deed was supposed to be in the possession of some merchant interested in the expedition. The testimony of Mr. Ebenezer Dorr, who was the Supercargo of the brig Hope, com- manded by Captain Ingraham, is, that, in 1792, lie WHS intimate with Captain Kendrick, and frccjuently on board his vessel, the Washington; that he saw, read, imd examined, several deeds executed by the Indians on the Northwest coast, to Kendrick ; that he recollects a conversation respecting a certain deed of a tract of land be- ing in a s({uare, taken of the Indians, by Ken- drick ,for tlu^ t)wners of the vessels, Columbia and W(iiihitifjti)ir,i\i\\ti\\n\Goi stones were raised and trees marked, near the head of navigation of a river; andthiit the'sipiare, bounded on one side by a river, extended eight days journey on each side. This may have been the "extent of country over which the tribe who sold the land were supposed to roam, and was inserted, by tlieir suggestion to the Captain, who had no l)(>rsonid knowledge uf the interior of the coast. INIr. (xreeidiow, the laborous investigator of idl matters connected with the North-west coast, after citing the accumalative evidence of the purchase of four degrees, says, in his Memoir, Senate Doc. No. 174, 2(}th Congress, Ist Ses- sion, iJ. 121: "tlu^ wliole island in which those ' ' territories are situated extends along two and " a hall'Idegrees of Latitude, so that other lands " must have been purchased by Kendrick;" Page 122 : "that the transactions here described , " 1)etween Kendrick and the savage Chiefs, "did really take place, there is no reason to "doubt." Th(^ Journals of the ships show that they traded with the natives South of the straits to tlie river they called Chealitz, which pours in- to Gray's, or Bulfinch, harbor. Frf)m the forty-seventh parallel to the fifty- first, beyond the northern limit of the purchases, is abimt four degrees of Latitude, and is, in the opinion of your Committee, undoubtedly the location of the tract purchased of the Indians and claimed by the owners, with the admission of the British navigators and authors. The memorialists represent that Captain Robert Gray sailed from Boston, on his second voyage, in September, 1790, in the ship Cnlnvi- hid, for the North-west coast. Your Committee append hereunto (F) copies of— 1. The letters granted by the President of the United States, dated at the city of Neir York, on the sixteenth day of September, 1790, under the seal of the United States, signed by [S0pt6inb6r, 1 070 f[ T S T O II T C A I, M A (i A Z T X E . 161 hose of a large ibia-rivor, and 1 to be in the erested in the ser Dorr, who ig Hope, com- that, in 1792, Kendrick, and le Washington; , several deeds orthwest coast, a conversation ict of land be- ians, by Ken- 8, Columbia and H were raised of navigation ounded on one ays jonmey on the "xtent of sold the land inserted, by in, who had no uterior of the nvestigator of )rth-west coast, idence of the n his Memoir, fress, 1st Ses- in which those 1 along two and hat other lands y Kendrick;" liore described , savage Chiefs, is no reason to show that they the straits to hich pours in- !l to the fifty- the purchases, !, and is, in the ioubtedly the »f the Indians the admission hors. that Captain on his second le ship Cnlum- mto (F) copies President of 3 city of New 3tember, 1790, teg, signed by (t(>orp:o Wii.sliinfftoi) aiul \>y TliDiiiii'; JcflVrwdu, then Sccrctiiry of State '2. The sea-letter of the Coiiinioinveiilth dl AlaHsiK'lm.si'tts, (luted the tAVeiit\ -rmuth day i>\' Heptember. 17iK(, sif,'iieil \>y John llaiiencl;, then ( iovenior, and ./olui Avery, Jr,, tlieii See- retury ol' (State. ;(. The eertilieate of tlic eargo of the said sliip ('ohdii/iiii, date'ap(lin tin- enterprise, -(.'-'(^eluyiaham's Jourmd, Vol. i, Page 2, Vol iv, i'age IHO, tlio (weiity-uinth, ilie next day, but one, he met I he American shij) ' 'oi'/o«/;/'/,commamled by i\Ir. liobert (tray, belonging to IJoston, whence she had been alisi'iit i.inetceii months. Her Cu])- tuiii, (iray, informed him nf hlx hnrinrj hcfii ojf ! ///«' iiKiiilli if II , i n; in the Ijatitude of 40^ 10', wlierefhe outs( t (0' n llux vas so strong as to pre- vi id his entering for nine days. "'J'hiswasprob- •"ably," lidds N'aiicouver, in his .biurnal, "the j '■opening [)assed by us on the forenoon of tll(- '• twenty-seventh; '" and, as if determined topnl on n cor, but to arouse, the neigyand sjiirit of the American Captain, who It has already been stated that the Spanish ' returned to the dangerous oi)ening, resolved to Heccta, in 1775, saw an entrance, in Latitude 4(i'- !()', South of the ])romonti/ry he calleil St. llorpie, and suppf)sed there might be a river i,] harbor. In 17SJS, John IMeai'cs, in the Fi'liui:, from Macao, made an attempt to discover it, as \\i\\ api)ear from tlii^ account of his voyage, Page 1()7, London. 17',i(l. He ,says : " Aftirwe " iiiid rounded the promontory, a large bay, as " wc had imagined, opened to our vi(!w, "that enter it and brave its perils. The annals o'' eonim^^ree can show but f winstanees of similai- p:M'sev( ranee and daring on the \ art of a mev- 'lant Captain. It reqeir((l more than common r.'S(iIuti( n to be the Ih'-t to 1 a 'ard life and prop erty in that unknown, solitary wilderness of iireaki rs, reefs, and shoals, not for the sake of pecuniaiy reward, but to d'scovcr and nudce known to the civili/,(d world tlu' existence of a bore a very promising appearance, and into i mighty liver, which had, for ages, rolled in uii- '' ' •.,-,. ' disturiu'd solitude tlirougli an unknown pcrtion of tlu' ulol "which, wo steercil .with every encouraging " expectation. As we steered in, the water " shoaled to nine, eight, and seven fathoms. ' • when breakers were seen, from the deck, right " al.eid, and, from the masthead, tiny were ob- " seived to extend acrfisstl.c bay ; we therefore " hauled out, and directed oiircour.'-e to the op- "posite shore, to see if there was any channel, " or if we could discover any port. The name " of Cape Disappointment was given to the ju-o- " moutory; and the bay obtained the title ol " I)ecf>ption-bay. By an indilfereiit meridian " ob.servation, it lies in the Latitude of -lO" lO' " North, and in the computed Longitude of 2'iM) " 34' East. "We can now, with saf< ty, assert that " there is no such river as that of S:dut l!oe ex- " ists, as laid down in the Spanish ehiirt.-i." Vancouver, in \.~\)'l, Aiuii 27, examined this p.'irt of the coast, with .Meai'e's desc liption be- fore him, but so formidable were the breakers and shoal- waters that he, nut co»r.ii/i'ri)ir/ tl,is iipfiiind irortlni of more altiintioii, continued liis purt-uit to tho Northwest. On the afternoon of Hist. Mao., VIIL, 11. I)e. Captain Wilki\s, in liis vnluable mirrative,Vol- 'inieiv.. PagelJKi, says: " Mere description can " give littl- idea of the terrors of tlie bar of the " Columbia. All who have seen it have spoken , " of the wildiie.~s ()f the scene, the incessaiit " roar of the waters, I'epn-seiding it as one of I " the most fearful si'jlits that can ])ossibly meet i " the eye of the sailor." j From th(>log-book of the ship Cn/mn/iin, it ap- i jiears that Ciqitain Cirnysteod in for the shore, ; on the seventh of May, 1792. and beat about 'mong the bre dicrs-, it"., till al out neon of the eleventh ; when we were ov( r the bar, we found this to be a river of fresli water, up which we stcred. Lxtracts from this log-book are nnlilished in Hoiis(^ Erport, No. 213, Iflth Coneress, IstSe^sh n. p. 7: also P. port. No. ]0], ;!.")th Congress. 3d Session, p. •17-.'''-n,i'nd Senate D'cument 174.'jrtli Coigr' ss.lst Sessien.p. 125, f'-om which it a]i]iei;rs that Captain Gray sailed i',p this riv.r about fourteen miles, nnd remained in it until the morning of the IC.'J II 1 S 'I' () I! [ (■ A I, M A fi A Z 1 N K . [S.'ptombor. j^y,, -j twiiity-Hrst of May. Hi' iiiiiiicd it Cou.'JiittA, lllfir tllc inline III' IiIn slli]). 'J'lii' Ndrtli side of t lie (■)itriiiK'i\ whii'li ^MciiiTHCiilli'(lCj;i]n' DisiipiMiiiit- iiuiit. 111- niivc tlif iiaijui 1)1' Ciipu fliiiKMii'k; tiic SdUtli, Ailams Point. Ju tliu lo^-hDolv, inuli r (bit.' of ''Tucsilay, .May 15," wu read : •• At In •'a. 111., uuiiKxn'cil and li. u[)ou which tile coast and rivei-an' laid down, as well as the island of Vancouver and the straits, with a sti ikiiij^ilet^ree of accuracy, for that early period, and proviiit;-,incontcstibly. that this river, which is found oil no pri'vious map or chart, was then explored and maiiped. I'lie S[)aiiisli (ioverii- nieiit, in liS(ll>. printed at Tvladrid. by royal oriler, a work entitlcii IVr/'/e i/c/ Sulk Mc.,/- iriiin, I'll nU'2, which sa^s, (p, loT : | " S''p/i'iii'i'r "4. 17!»2— W(> found t'la sha)>e of the land, in " siji'ht, to conform with that of a i)lat of sin'vey ■ ' made by the act i\'e Ainerii'an uavieatoi',( iray, " of therixcr which he called Columbia, after the '• 11 ime of till' ship which lie commamled." In- f^'raham inserted a chart of the coa.st in his joiir- nal. ( Vol. iv.,raKc-20(i,) under date ()ctober,17',l2, and say.s — " Every ])art of the coast JSonth f>f " (l.i[)o. Flattery and Piiitardo-souud, are from " Captain (i ray's ill formation." The Cobimbia- rivcr is laid down, for se\eral miles from its mouth. There is abundant evidence that these purchases, desiiLfned to establish jiermaiient set- tlements upon the lands thus discovered, ex- plored, ami purchaseil, were taken posses.sion of, in tlio nanio of the United StatcM. Mr. Bar- rel!, in his first proposition, conceived the idea of a valuable acipiisition to the country, and, at tile .siiiiie time, of ii trading establi,',lniieiit of u'reat importance. As soon as In learuod, from Captain Keiidrick, that these purchases taul liccn madi', he opi lied a correspoideiice with a (iromiuent house in London, tlii.'ii^;li \slioin he eiiileavored to jirocurc ciiii;crants ;rom all the luUioiis of I^nropc, nitlier tli.m to draw u])oii the mort! spar.sc population of thi-^ then infant Jiepnblic. Captain Kendiick, in Ids letter to Hon. Thomas .Icilersoii, Secretary of Stale, ciielos- iiifi tlie det'ds and seckin^t Uie protictiou of (roverinnent for the security of the rights there- by ac(|.iiri'd, makes allusion to some future settlement, and to the beiielits resulting to the I'liion, from jiossessions on the coast, ibit the a-'cideiital death of Cajitaiii Ki'iiil'dck — (see Jar- vis's llislurii if Snml.rirli /^/,(, (/,<. p. l,"):")) ■ by tic iiremature diseliar;;'e of a. national salute, and the I'litire loss of t)leves^."l, with hcrcare'o, while under the eomiiiand oi his Clerk, struck a deathblow to these hopes. 'I'lie Jirojectors of this dariiiy eiitiu'prise beheld others availing hemselves of the results of the exploration made by their capital and :'.t the risk of their lives, and, aided by the e\im|ile they had been t!ie lirst to set, reapine; rich returns; while they, iheiiisi'lves, lostall they had invested (save these purchases of lands, then of unknown value, and weiv^ disappointed in tin ir loiiL;-iiiduli;iil prospects of siicci'ss. Caiitaiii liobert (Iray died soon after, leavinji- his widow and four dauj^hters, who have sup- ported themselves by tleii- ow n exertions. The orieinator of tlu! enterprise and the principal owners are believetl to have died, insolvent. T"he disastrous result of the Astoria settle- ment, upon the Columbia-river, a few years a Iter, so atVeeted the c(unmeicial world that no in- ducement could eiicourafic tlu' survivors of thi' . owners or the heirs of the deceased to iiiif;rate thither; but they have never ceased to inijilore the ( loveriiment tin'xtenditsprotection totlieir claims. Anions;' the letters, .submitted to your ('ommittee, is one from (Jharles JhiHineh, who was the last survivor of the original owners, addressed to his sons, on tlio nineteenth of ]''ebruary, 18liO, in which he says that he has flatt 'red himself that, if a .settlement or colony was established on Columbia-river, (iovernment ; would make a gi'ant of land in consideration of their being the first discoverers, and liaviiig oiiened to the country a very lucrative com merce,of which they liail not profited; that, upon consultation with nt till' i'. ick— (SOL' Jlll'- (/s. p. 155) —by lltlDllill Sllllltc. uilh licrt-iii>;ii, Clci'U. Htnick ii !■ ]iroj('ctoi's of itlicrs iivailiiii,' hi' i'.\[)ioration w risk of their thi y Imd liccii •us; wiiilf tiioy. -;teil isavL' tlii'sf ilviiowii vahu', hiun-iiulul.ncil II att.r, k^aviug wlio have siip- \citi>iiis. The 1 the principal I, insolvent. Astoria setth'- fc'W years a Iter, •hi that no in- iiirvivors of the ised to nii^rrate iseil to ini]ih)re )t('ction totheir iniitted to your i Ihilfineh, who rifjinal owners. ninetcejitli u( ays tliat he has ment oi' cohjny ■r, (rovcrnment 1 consich'ration ers, and liavin/; hierative eoiii ited; that, upon i of Joseph liar- r, to Mr. Ru.sh. id, not being in 1870.] HISTUllICAL MAGAZINE. If53 th(Nubniiiistrntion, eouhl K've th( ni aii iiiibi- (is.d (ppinioii; that Mr. Itiisii was of o|iiiiion that liny liody of adventurers or culnny who siioidd setth" on tlie North bank of tliat river wouhl be driven oil, or be (.lili'^ed to .siilniiit to the jnrisd'ction of En>,'laii(l; that, after lunch considei'atiou, lie snjj,f^t'sted tliat the best chiinceof obtaining? any ae, that ('ou^'ress siionld condition that, in anv T jaty of boundary, the I'iehts of original piu\4jaserH should be rccoi;ni/,ei1 ; and that, from the f,'encral liberality of the Ih'itish vi ernment, lie prc^.umcd tliey would do y. The clainumts have, from time to lime, jx'ti- tionedCouf^res.s hn^a recognition of tiieir rights, (lud for some reward for their sai'rilu'cs in making these discoveri"s. .V bill was reported in the Hou.se, during the Tliirtieth Coiigress, granting ten sections of land, in the territory of Oregon, to tiu! widow of J{obert (rray, upon her 8i']>arato iipplication; but it never became ii law. (Mr, Broadhoad's Keport, No. 502, :iOth Con- gress, 1st Session.) The servici s of ('ai)tuin lloliert Gray, how- ever meritorious, could nevir have been ren- dered to the country liad it not been for the remarkid)le sagacity, bold enterprise, and large investmei.ts of Joseph Hai'rell and his associates. The Governn)»'nt of the I'nitcd States always clainu'd title to tin? coast, from the forty-second degree to 54'' 10' North ])arallel, embracing the viist (lud valuable territory drained and watered by the river and its V)ranches. It held, in the Departnuait of State, the ct)i)ics of the deeds from the native Chiefs and the letter which r'lichjaed them, from Captain Kendrick, wlio desired to secure the pi^operty in the lands to his owners, through himself, and the jurisdic- tion thereof to the United States. During the | administration of President Jefl'erson, an exj >- ' dition was fitted out, by the Executive, under ; Lewis and (!lark, to explore tlu^ section of conn- | try which these claimants had i)i-eviously di.s- | covered, and a portion of which they claimed '•, to have purchased and taken into formal j possession. ] The annual Messages of our Presidents, Mon- j roe and Adams, recommended CfUigress to turn their attention to " our coasts along many de- ; "greesof L'.titnde.iixin the shore of the Pacific "ocean." Mr. Adams, in his ]\ressage to the Nineteenth C)ngress, says : "The river of the " West, first fully discovered and navigated by ■ " a countryman of our own, still bears the name ! " of the ship in which he ascended its waters, " and claims the protection of our flag at its " motith." A private correspondence between the Gov- : ' I his discovery and claim. Messrs. (ral- latin and Bush inr st tirmly maintained this, at the Court (a M, James, in 181.S, {Aincricni Sidii: /'(ipi .■.., Yiil. iv.- Foreign Beiations, Vol. iv., p. il'il;) and again, in 1M25 "(i (see British and Foreign St.'t" I'aper.s, pp. 40!t, 500: W'/irat- (iii's l''l''inri(h , tliat s(i)ii{' of th.i original Grants of linid. iinnlc by (Ivciit iJiitain. on tlie AtliUitie side of the enutiuriit. weir speeified to run, westwurdly, to tin- ' 'greid South "sra; " yet these grantors had neither jurisdie- tioii nor knowledge of the iuinu'iise e(juiitry between the Mississi]>])innd P;ieitie coast: and, at the time of its first ex]iloration, Spain hail .iurisdiction andijosscssioii. admitted by all ]iar- tien, of the extensive s-allev of the ^rississip))i, stretching from tiie Gulf of IVfexieo to the Lati- tude of the northern lalces. This broad extent of country, long held, in uninterrupted posses- sion, by Spain, eilCectuaily divided tlie jiirisdi<'- tional limits of the United States frtuii th;'t unknown territory, beyond. Tt was not niiii' after the discoveries uf the coast, on the I'aciric side of the eontiiK^nt. and tht^ incipient est id i- lishment of stations for t]i(> fur-trade and the cession of the dividing region ordered, th(> right to the eouutrv claimed, and jurisdiction asserted Jind maintained, by our own Government. It may well be douhted, then, whether the Proclamation of Congress, ))rohibiti))g purchases of the Indians, (>an be ii'garded, in any sense, as applying to ])iirchases made on th(> I'aeific roast, at the time f)f the visit of the Cohniihin and the WasJiiiif/loii to that region. It would seem more in accordance with the truth, to retriu'd that country as new, and uncwplored, iind un- appropriated by civilized man. Ap|ii'o:!e1u'd only by the ocean, it should be regarded, like the islands of the Pacific, subject tr) discovery and possession by the new comers, whose rights, n.s between different claimants and in regiwd to thf uncivilized nati\'e inhabitants, sjiould be those which pertain to the recognized ]i:ws of newly-discovered lands. The principles relative to such new discover- ies, it is believed, are well-settled in ^he code of civilizer', nations. The citizen of any coun- try first taking possession, does so in tlie name of his nation; and the jurisdiction f)f tlie coun- try, with the r'xdusive right to the soil. suV)jcct to the posscsstny right of the natives, vests in the Governnii'iit of him who fii-st asserts and maintains possession. The ri^ht to extinguish the possessory title of the niitives does not rest in the individual discoverer, bid in his (joverii- meiit; and a purchiise thus made byliini, of the niitives. would, it is conceived, give no title as against his Government, unless made with the previous consent of the latti>r, or subseipu nti\ confirmed by thi' proper authorities of hi'- na- tion. If this view of the subject be correct, it fol- lows, that the owmn's of the two vessels iicquin u no title in the land by their jiurclnise of thi Iiulian Chiels. ft does not follow, however, tliiit they lire tie- le-s entitled to the consider;; - tioii of their (loveriinieiit. for the benefit be - .stowed on the latter by the negotiation and pur- chase. On th(> contrary, such services, attended witli.sneh beneticial results, at the instance aiic: cost uf the individual litizi'ii. would seem to present a strong claim, in his behalf, to the con- sideration of hisdoverimieut. The mere discovery of a counti'j' inhabited on) v by .savages, is not. alone, sutlicient to secure ai. appropriation of it by the nation in wliost? nam- 1 the discovery is maile. Jf noactuiil i)ossession i t:iken, or a mere nominal possession, followed b\ 11)1 immediiite abandonment, is all that can b. I'laimed, other nations may take ])ossessioii, b;. si>tth'nient and actual continued oecui)ancy:an(l, ' by colonization, they may lu'conie the right- ' fid owners. In deciding on the strength (•.' I the claim of a civilized nation, in such a case. ■ every circumstance which relates to the discov- ; cry, the ])ossession, the settlement, and tin continued claim of right, is regarded as im jiortant. And the relations (>.stablislied will, the native ('hiefs and inhabitants of the coun- try, especially where thi> consent of the latter I to the establishment of colonies, the indfTer oT I amicable and exclusive rights of tralHc, and j the Crant of lands, for jiurpose of s(>ttleiiieid. cannot be disregarded. If is diflicult to con- ceive of a stronger circumstanc(\iii establishing j oui' national right to the country, than that which is exhibited by tlu> facts connected with this purchase and the oft-repented admonitioii of the natives, to the adventurers of other na- tions, declaring the rights of the American navigators, by solemn compact a'..l Grant, to the territoi'v and the kind relations established be- ' tween them and the Chiefs. I Thf! value of the discoveries, made by these ' vessels, to the .-Vm^rican people must not be overlooked nor liglitly esteemed. i The irdre])id ;iiid noble inarinei's who fii'st left our yxirts •mil doubled the C'ape, in eoni])li- ance with their instructions from the mereiuint- , owners, not to stop at any' port of the western [September, 1«7U.J HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE. 165 iuitivt'8, vests ■st iisscits und to txliiif^iiis}! (Iocs not ri'st 11 his GovtTU- ly liini, of till' ivc no title tis iialc with tlic snhsiMjui nti\ tics of hh- ii;i- •orrcct, it fol- 'ssclsiifqnii'i d irchiisc of thi ow, howcvci'. lie considcni- ic bciictit Ix - itioii and j)ur- iccs, ilttclull ll ■ iiistiinec iiin: diihl seem ti' df. to the eoij- iuhaliitod oiil.v t to seeiti'e ai !i whose iiani< I possession i- II. followed h\ II that e.iii 1.', )osscssi(.)ii, b;- eupaiu'viaiK!. Ill' till' I'if^ht- stveiiyth (•,' such a ease. to the diseov- nt. and tlu tiirded as ini dilished witl of the eouii- of tlie lattc, the inofTer of f tralllc. and of scttleiiieiit. tlleillt to eon- 11 cstablisliinp y, than that (iineeted with 1 admonition (>{ other iia- lic American I C}i'ant,to the itablished 1" - lade by these must not be ovH who first pe, in com])li- thc mcrcliiint- f the wefitern coast, known to the Euro})ean world, unless driven there, by some nnavoidable accident, la.'rit the hi.i^hest tribute of respect which can lie paid to their memories. Whilst otiicr na- ticjns were littiiiff out their royal ships, com- inamb>d by olllccrs of lii;jh naval rank, com- missioned iiy Jjords of A(baii\dty,aiid sustained, at home, liy till' royal treasury, we b(>hold these humlilc men, iiisi)irctl by the ambition which Imriied ill the American breast, in tlie infancy of our lvci)iililii', sailing forth, in ships nnmed in hiiiior of the discoverer of our Uontinenr and of till' father of our liberties, and lieariii;.',. for th"ir sea-letter. Georj^'c Wa-iliiiiutoirs rccpiest to the ]'jm])i'rurs and j)otentates of the world, that tiny would rec'-ive tlieni with kindness ;iih1 in a becoming' maiini'i', and thercliy lie would con- sider himself under much obligation. Captains John Keiidrick and llobcrt (iray each found an earh' grave; and their ('hildren and widow now appeal to our sympathies, for some t(?stimonial of their services. The ledger of the owners shows thal>o, iinifiii'inly, although not to their full extent, iieeli adduced, in proof of the title of our nation to tlie country on the western })i>r- t 'o'l (if tlli^^ Continent. The diM'OM'ryof Cap- t liii Ciray, followed, as it was, in a reasonable rime, with the cxplorationsof Lewis and Clark, in lH(i;i. niion the nn'ommendatiou of iPresideiit .lifVcrson. and by the settlements, on the banks of the river, in IHll, called Fort George, or Astoria, which, having been taken by the Riirnon, during the War with Great Uritain, was, Hiibsnipiently, on th<^ sixth day of October, 1M)S. restored, in conformity with the first .•\rticle of the Treaty of Ghent, as a territory, ' place, and possession taken from ns. is, at lea.st, as htroiip a title to the Oregon country a.s that liy which distant territories are usually held by civilized nations. If, to these, the character and objects of the American navigators are added ; the amicable relations between them and the acknow ledged Chiefs of the country; theGrants, to them, of lands of large extent; and their oc- cupation of it, it may well be doubted whether (!veu Spai'.i herself could exhibit a better claim, foiuided on her intercourse with the region, than that which is made out, under the princijili's of international law, by the acts of these enterprising American exjjlorers. From a careful review of the history of these discov- eries and possessions, scattered, as it is, in de- tached portions, through volumes relating only, ineidently, to the subject, in the journals of the navigators of other countries, and in man- uscripts to which the reading pul)li(.' have no access, wi; can scarcely refrain from the excla- •uatioii that the valui! of the services of these men has never yet been duly appreciated by their country. They have done enough to se- cure to the natiiHi the extensive and rich region wash(!(l by the Oregon, and looking out on the Pacific, now just beginning to be whitened by the sails of all commercial nations on the globe. Fame has scarcely deigned to notice their noble t'literjirise ; and pecuniary compen.sation has rewarded neither them nor their children. The toil, the hazard, the loss, was theirs: the fruit of all was not for the toilers — it was thrown into ill..' lap of their country. The appeal of their surviving rc])resentativcH is made to that country for a recognition — small, though it may be — for a recognition of theii' services and their merits. Till' Committee could not, of course, in any ordinary case recommend a compensation " to "bi' given for services in connection with the "eai'ly explorations or settlement of the newer "liortionof our wide-extended domain." The si'rvices in the cas(> under consideration are, however, of so peculiar a character that they believe the Go\ eminent owes it to the merits of the.sc men and their sen-ices, to depart from the general rule and to make them some com- pensation, in land, in the regimi where their servicers wei'c performed and where the pur- chases Avere made of the native C'hiefs. They, therefore, herewith, report a Bill giving to the widow of (Captain Orav, and to the children of Captain Kendrick, ami to each of the owners of the two exploring vessels, five sections of land. This small Grunt, although insignificant in pecuniary value, may yet allbrd a solace, in the declining years of some of the petitioners, whili^ it will jirovp, to them all, tlint time has not oblitcrati>d from the memory of their coun- try the worth and the ser\-ices of their departed relatives. 166 HISTORICAL MAOAZINE. [Soptcnibor, 1870.] APPENDIX. A. ORDERS UIVES CAPTAIN JOHN KEXDRICK, OF THE A7///' COLUMBIA, FOR A VOYAGE TO THE FACIFIC OCEAN. Sir : The sliip ColumbiaaaA slooiJ Washing- t )n being completely equipped for a voj age to tUe Pueifie-oceiiii and China, we place such con- lidence in you as to give you the entire com- mand of this enteri)rise. It would be impossible, upon a voyr.ge of this nature, to give, with propriety, very binding instructions; and, such is our reliance on yoiir lumoi', integrity,and good conduct, that it would be needless, at any time. You will be on the spot, and, as circumstances turn up, you must improve them; but we cannot forbear to impress on your mind our wi.sh and expectation that the most inv: dablc harmony and friend.ship may be cultivated between you and the natives, and that no advantage may be taken of them, in trading, but that you endeavor, by honest conduct, to impress upon their minds a frieudsiiip for Americans. If you niak(> any fort or improvement of land, upon the coast, be sure you purchase the soil of the natives; and it would not be amiss if you pui'chased ;.ome advantageous tract of land, in tin,' name of the owners, if you should let the instrument of conveyance bear every authentic mark tlie cireum.stances will admit of. * * * You will constantly bear in mind that no trade is to bo allowc'd, on the coast, on any i^retonco whatever, but for the benefit of the owners. * * * Y'ou are strictly enjoined not to touch at any part of the Spani.sh dominions on the wost- i-rn continent of America, unless driven there by some unavoidable accident, in which case you will stay no longer than is absolutely neces- sary; and, while there, be careful to give no oH'i'Uce to any of the subjects of his Catholic Majesty; and, if you meet with any siibjects of any European prince, you are to treat them with friendship and civility. The certificate you have fi'om the French and Dutch Consuls you will make use of, if you meet with any ,shii)s of tliose nations; and you will pay them every respect that is due to them. The s(>a-letters from Congress and this State you will also show, lui every proper occasion ; and, although we expect you will treat all na- tions with respect and civility, yet wo depend you will suffer insult and injury from none, witliout showir.g tliat .spirit Avhich will ever become a fkek .\su iNr>Ki'ENi)KNT Amkkkan. B. [PAI'ERS FROM THE STATE liEVARTMENT.] UNriEU STATES OF AMEHICA. DEPAKTMENT OF STATE. To all to whom these presents shall come, greeting: I certify, that the papers hereunto attached are true copies of pajx'rs on tile in this department. In testimony whereof, I, James Buchanan, Secretary of State of the United r 1 States, 'have hereunto subscribed l-' " ■ I my name, and caused the seal of till! Dejjurtment to be afiixt.'d. Done, at tlu! city of Washington, this 9th day of February, A. D., 1H4!), and of the indepen- dence of the United Statics of America, the seveuty-third. Jajieh Buchanan. [I. — Lettek I'KOM Captain IvENDmcK to thb Secretauy of State, in iuuialf of the Si>an- ISH GOVEKNOIJ OF JlAN FeKNANDEZ. ] On BoAltU THE ShII' LaUY ^VASH^NC^TON, Harhdk of ^Iaw-win-na, St. Clair's Island, North-west coast t)E America. Sir : I have the honor to address you on a subject which I conceive the honor of the Gov- ernment of the United States to be interested in, and the following relation of which I re- quest you to lay before the President, hoping that, in his humanity, the ()]ipressed will find a protector, and, by the representations he, in his wisdom, may ilirect to be made to the Court of Madrid, the unfortunate may be relieved. In the year 1787, sm expedition under my command was fitted out from Boston, for pro- scenting the fur-trade, on tlie North-west coast of America; and, after doubling Cupe Horn, in a very tempestuous season, my sliip, the Co- lumbia, was con.«idi'rably disabled, and I was in great want of both water and wood. My tender, the \Vashii>t)l(i)i, sloop, had parted comjiany with me, off tlu; cape, and I had no other alternative than repairing to some of the Spanish settle- ments in the South Pacili( ocean, for the pur- ])ose of relitting my vessel and procuring some necessary supi)lies. I therefore bore away for the island of Juan Fernandez; and arrived in Cumberland-bay the twenty-fourth of May, 1788. W(! were immediately visited by a Spanish boat, with two ()riic(>rsin it ; and, on their return, my first officer, Mr. Ingraham, was sent on shore, to request pi^Tuission to anchor and continue thore, a few days, wliic h the (tovernor, Don Bias Gonvalez, i\Iajor in the Cavalry of his Ca- tholic Majesty, very huuKinely granted, making such stipuln lions, with respect to the term of our continiKMice at the island and the conduct to be observed, during that pi>riod, as evinced him to be a cautious, vigilant, and prudent offi- cer. Our ccnnmunieatidU was through the medium of the French language, imperfectly understood V)y both parties, until the twenty- eighth, following, when a Spanish ship arrived off the buy to receive the Governor's do"patcbe8 I [Sopti-mbor, 1870. J HISTORICAL JI A G A Z I N E , 107 attuched nro s depuitiueiit. s Biichannn, tlu) United u subscribed [ the Hcul of iflixed. 1, this 9th day the iiidei)en- An)ei'icu, the BCCHANAN. )KI(K TO THE OP THK SPAN- DEZ.] SXITON, lu's Island, r OE Amekica. ■(.Hs you on u ji' of the Gov- bi! interested f which I re- idont, hoping sid -will tind a iitions he, in e to the Court be relieved, in under my ston, for pro. th-west const 'ape Horn, in ship, the Co- iind I was in 1. My tender, •omiiiiny with lor alternative panisli settle- , for the pur- •oeurinpr some bore away for id arrived in 1 of May, 1788. Spanish boat. nv return, my ;ent on shore, and continue ovornor, Don Iry of his Ca- im'ted, making the term of d the conduct id, as evinced d prudent offi- through tlio ■, imperfectly 1 the twenty- h ship arrived ir's despatches for Chili, on boanl of which viis ii ]''iiiiciiniiui. who was j^cnt un shore, t'lir th<' purpose of more tully oxi'Uiiniuf^' our pussports, etc. A copy of my sea-letter, fi'oni tiie (Jonfj:r(' -is of llie I'liitcd States, and tlic oHicinl letter of the Sieiir rKtonibe, Consul of I'laliee fop the States of Massaelins(,'tts, etc.. were {^iven the (iovemior: and, on tlieduy of my intended departure, 1 ic- <'cived from liini tlu! letter, of wliicli the eu- cl()s(>d is a ('"]>y. three days after tlic date of wliicii, beinn' detained the intermediate time liy a gale of wiml. I ))rocee(leil on my vovii;;i' to this coast. In coiise(|Uellce of tile abuse of power liy his Catholic Majesty's servimts, in liis American ( loveninK'nts, or by iin untrue ami ninlicions statement of the facts, by some secret enemies, Don Ulas (lonzalez lias been tle]>rivcd of his em])loymcnts and treated with eonsidci'able I'igor and injustie(>; and the only crime im- pntrd to him is his humane conduct towards nie and my crew, in 17SS -ji conduct which did iionor to him as a man. and was, I e()nceiv(\ perfectly consistent with the amity and uood and 'rstauilini^ s!d)sistin'->' bet ween tin' Court of :\Iadriil .md the United States, lint the atVair will b(^ best exjilained in his own words, in ii letter to my son, who toncln^il at A'al)iaraiso, in Chili, in the shi|) -IfiVr^mi. Captnin l(ol)erts, of IJoston, in -Fnne, ITHl!. and whso ; ■ y ipu' annque id rey. mi se.~ior, apjirovc' la •• l;i conducta ipn- observe eutonces, con toda • li;ista, ahora estoi padeciendo l.-is resnltas, 2ior ■ 1;; snnm distancia en que ])or mi desijracia. • iiietiene constitnido la suento de este I'emoto ■ilestiuo; no obstante de las diliucn/.asem- •• pefiosas '.te he ]ir:H'ticada pd. vindica, ine " arr.'i;lada conducta; y de havi>r escrits a ■• ^Fonsieur rEtombe. consul de |''ran<'ia (>n •' Uoston, y a dhosu padr,\ panupii' nn' favorc^- •' ciessen (>n lo quo bnenament<' )iudirss;'n : " cnyas resnltas i,t>no!'o, por no saben sf reci- " bicM'on mis cartas. '"Si N. Md. Gnsta de Escibir'.es asociado de " su eap.stn'- sobre este ]iarticular; y reoom- " end;irnie ■ i. que UK^pi'otexan, se lo estimaria " mucho : encnyo easo pui de N. Aid. Entre- •' garlas Cartas al Cavallero Don'M.mm'l Porra- " sia, neeino d(^ esse ])uerto, y ])()rtade de este, "que es aniiffo de toilo mi contianza." (San- tiat^o, de Chili, 20 de Junio, de 17i»2.) In consequence of the re(piest made hy Don IJlas (!on/ale/, Captain Eoberts and my son wrote the owners of tin' Ciilnmhiii and f.'ffHriion. I'l'questinj,'- them to make such a representation to the Cniii.-d States as they pointed out. As they ap])ear to have mistaken the contents of the letter from Don Jilas. I have done myself ihe honor of otl'erinjf you the' foregoing stace- nnnt of facts : and. as lu^ doubtless rt'udered nn' those services, for which, in i\u\ seadetter, the I'nited States declai'e they shall "stand " willing indebted." I hrnos, y tri( iita seiz hombres de tripulaeion de la propria nacion, eomicionado por su re})nblica a viajar por todo el mnndo, (1 vcunte y (piati'o do mayo ]iroximo pasado, a pedirmo la hospitalidad, e\})oniendome ]y,\v:\ ello los ])or el Aormiuo do seis dias, do cava determinaciou di ])arteal I^xcellentissimo Senor Yir, rey do I'orn, y a la ciqutania general del reyno d(^ Chili; havioncloso detonidociuatro din-^ mas do los eoneodidos, pm' la razon d<> los mnclios Aquaceros, (|ue modiaron; sin dar la m(>nor imta. assi los enunciados otii'iales. como la demas friiiulucion, ni tlaltar a lo mas minimo de qnanto ostipularon eon migo. antes do per- mitulos la (Mitrada en este imorto; y para quo eonsto doi la presonto a iiodinnMito d(> dieho ('apitan J. Kendriek. en osti i^la d(> Jnaw Fer- nandez, a tres dias del nios do Junio. do mil, seteeieutos, ocheuta y ocho anos. Ulas Gonzalez. 168 IHSTORIGAL MAGAZINE. [September, 1870.] [III. — Letter prom Cai'Tais Klndrick to the Secretary of Stati:, knclosino Dev.uh of l-ujd3 purchased from the natives. j Port Indepexdesce, ox the Island of HoxQ Koxa, M;u-cli 1, 1793. Sir: I have the honor of enclosing to yon the copies of severa,l deeds, by whicli the tracts of land, therein described, sitnated on islands oil the Northwest coast of America, have been conveyed to me and my heirs, furever, by tiie i'esident Chiefs of those districts, who, I pre- sume, were the only just pr(jprietors thereof. I know not wliat measures are necessary to b(; i taken, to secure the projjerty of tiK^se purchases to me and the (jrovernuieiit thereof to the United States; but it cannot be amiss to trans- mit them ■ ) you, to remain in the oilices of the Department of State. ]My claim to those terri- tories has been allowed by the Spanish Crown; j for the purchases I made, at Nootka, were expresslj' excepted in a deed of conveyance of the lands adjacent to and surrounding Nootlca- sound, executed, in September lust, to El Senor Don Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadsa, in behalf of his Catholic Majesty, by Macpiiunrh and the other Chiefs of his tribe, to whom those lands belonged. When I m ide these purchases, I did it nnder an impression that it wouldreceive tin; sanction of the United States, and that, should an Act of the LegisLiturc bo necessary to secure thi'ni to me, I should find no ditHculty in obtaining it. The future commercial advantages whicli may arise from the fur-trade, besides many otlier branches which arc daily opening to the view of those who visit the Northwcsst Amerie.m oxvst, may, perhaps, render a settlement, there, worthy the attention of some associated ccnii- pany, under the protection of Government, .should this be the ease, the poss^'ssion (;f lands, previously and so fairly uc(juired, would much assist ill carrying the plan into effect. ^Many good purposes may be effected by the Union iiaving posses.sions on that coast, which I shall not presume, Sir, to point out to you; and the benefits which have accrued to individuals, by similar purchases to tluwe I Jiave m uh', in our own States, are too well known to need a to be, with the utmost Sir, your very hund.ile remark. I have the honor respect and cst(!em, servant, John Keni'Uhk. The Hon. Thomas Jeffi:ksox, Secretary for the Department of State. [EiKlomrd:] Kexdrick, John — Hong Kong, March 1, 1793 — received October 'I-i, covering several Indian deeds. [I.NDIAN DeKD.S, ENX'LOSEDIX THE ABOVE LETTER.] To all persons to whom these presents shall come, I, JMaccpiinnah, the Chief, and with my other Chiefs, do send greeting: Know ye that I, Macciuinmdi, of Nootka-sound, on the North- west coast of America, for and in consideration of ten muskets, do grant and sell unto John Kendrick, of Uo.ston, Commonwealth of Ma.ssa- chi' setts, in North America, a certain harbor, in saiu Nootlia-sound, called Chastacktoos, iu which the brigantine Laiit/ Wnsliinytoii lay at anchor, on the twentieth day of July, 1791, with all the land, rivers, creeks, luirliors, is- lands, etc., within nine miles North, East, West and South of said harbor, with all the produce of both sea and land ai)pertaining thereto— only the said Jolni Kendrick does grant and allow the said Maquinnah to live and fish on the said territory, as usual — and by these presents, does grant and sell to the said John Kendrick, his heirs, executors and administrators, all the above mentioned territory, known by the In- dian name C^hastacktoos, but now by the name of the Safcf Ketreat-harbor; and also does grant and sell to the said John Kendrick, his heirs,exec- utors and administrators, a free pa.s.sage through all the rivers and passages, with all tlie outlets which lead to and from the .said Nootka-sound, of which, by the signing tlie.se presents, I have delivered unto the .said John Kendrick. Sign- ed with my own hand and the other Chiefs', and bearing even date, to have and to hold the .said premises, etc., to him, the said John Kendrick, his heirs, executors, and administrators, from hcnc(>fortli and forever, as his pnjperty, abso- , hiti'ly, without any other consideration whatever. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and the hands of my other Chiefs, this twentieth day of July, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one. ]\rACQt"i>''^''-^iii liii^ X mark. [l.s. WarcIjAsman', his x mark. l.s. Hansofv, his X mark. l.s. CloI'Hanamsh, his x mark. l.s. TARTO()(:HTHEEATTicus,hisxmark l.s. Cl.ukoeicxer. his x mnik. l.s. Signed, sealed and delivered in presence ol- JoHK Stodoahd. John 1{i;i).max. TllOSrAS I'osTER. i William Bowles. I John Maid, Jr. I rLouiNCE McCarthy. ; John I'orikk. James CitAWFORD. EoiiERT Chi;i:n. John Baruer. A true co^jy from the original deed. Attest: J. Howell. September, •E Letteh. ] seats sliuil (1 with my jw ye tluit I the North- nsideratioii unto Juhn h of Massa- II harbor, iu icktoos, iu ton lay at July, 1791, luuliors, is- East, West he produce eieto — only and allow on the said escnts, does oiidriek, his rs, all the by the lu- ly the name J does grant H heirs, exee- iige through tlie outlets (otka-sound, ■ionts, I have rick. Sign- Chiefs', and lold the said n Kiindrick, ratora, from jporty, abso- un ■whatever, iito .set my Chiefs, this isand seven L.S.' L.S. 'fi.S. L.S. narkfL.s. L.S. )reseiice of- ed. . Howell. 1870.] HISTOIilCAL MAGAZINE. 169 To all people to wiiom these presents shall come: I, Norry Youk, the Ciiief, with my other Chiefs, do send greeting: Know yo tliut 1, 'Savvy Youk, of Ahasset, on the Xorth-\>esL coast oi America, for andiuconsideratiou of six muskets, 11 boat's sail, a (piuntity 'li' powdcr,and an Ameri- can flag, by the free cousi'ut of tin; other Chiifs eonccriied, do bargain, gr.int, and sell iaiti>.Jt)lui Kendrick, of Uoston, Coiunionwejilth of iliiSrju- chusctts, in North America, a certain liurbor iu said Ahasset, called by the nativ(s Clieiierkin- tau, in which tlie brig Lnlii Wioiliinldii lay at anchor on the fifth day of August, i', :!l, which is situated in Latitude 49" 5U' XoiUi, and Longi- tude 127" 08' West, on the North sid<; of the Sound t)f Ahasset, being a teivitoiial uistaiice oi eighteen miles square, of which the harbor of Chenerkintau is the cenU.', with all the lands, mines, minerals, rivers, bays, harliors, sounds, creeks, and all Lslauds, ^\iul all the )jroduceof both hind and sea; and, liy tliese presents, do grant and sell to the said John Kendrick, his heirs, executors and administrators, all the above mentioned territory, known by the name of Ahasset, and the harbor by the Indian name of Chenerkintau, but now))y thi; nauu; of Ken- drick's-harbor : and also, do grant and sell to th<' said John Kendrick, his heirs, executors :ind administrators, a free pass through all the livers and passages, with all the outlets which lead to and from the said territory, of which the signing these presents I have; di^livereduntotiic said John Kendrick, signed with my own hand and the other Chiefs', *o have and to hold the ■ i territorial ])remis's, etc., to him, the s:iid ./I, in) Kendrick, his heirs, executors and admin- istrators, from hi'neefortli and forever, as his pi-()l) u'ty, absolutely, without any other cmolu- m nt or consideration whatever. In witness wliercdf, I have hin-enr.to si^t my liund and tli'' liands dt' my Oilir-r lifth day of August, oiie thousand said ;, ■rrii;:)rial ndrick, his heirs, executors, administrators, or assigns, from henceforth and forever, as his l)roperly, absolutely, without any emolument or eonsidi'ration whatever. In witiiess wliereof, I have hereunto set my liand and tlie hands of my other Chiefs, this eleventii day of .\ugust, one thousand seven hundred and thirty-one. Wk'kasamsh, his X mark. TooTKEscoy-rrrLr,, his x mark. TAiiTooT(UTHEi;ATTi(:rs, his x mark. TEAHSLArn, his x mark. Ta(;k(JILIN, his x mark. Hyereiji'ls, his x mark. Signi'd, scaled and delivered in the presence of us — John Williams, John Bedman, WiLLLiJI Bo WELL, L. 8. L. S. L. .S. L. R. L. S. L. s. 170 HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. [SeptemVjer, JollN' .S'i'UJJUAliU, Thomas Fostuj'.. John- B.vuiikh, Jamks Crawford, Chaules BviiN, Flore\(je Mc'Cauthy. William Bowles, John Maud, Jk. , RonEIU' GuEEN. A true copy from tho origiiml di'cd. Attest : J. HowHi.L. To all peoplo to wlioiu these presents sluiU come: I, Tarassom, the Chief, with my other ChiefH, do send greeting : Know ye thiit I, Tarassom, of New Chatleck, t)n the Northwest eoust of America, for and in eonsi(h'riition of two muskets, a boat's sail, and a (luiintity of powder, by the free consent of my otlier ('liiefs concerned, do bargain, grant, and s(>ll nnt'iJdliii Kendrick, of Boston, Commonwealtli of ]M;issii- chuHotts, in North America, a ccn'tain liarbor, in said Now Chatiock, called by the natives Jloot- 8eo-oss, but now called Port ]\[ontf:;(imery. in which the brig Lndji U'l/tltiiir/li/ii lay at anclior on the second day of August. ITiU, and is situ- ated in Latitude 40^ 40' North, Longitude I'JT" 02' West, on the South side of the sound of Ahasset, and now called Massachusetts-sound, l)eing a territorial distance of eighteen miles srjuare of which tho harbor of Hoot-aee-ess, ' alias Port Montgomery, is the centre, with all the lands, mines, minerals, riviTs, bays, sounds, harbors creeks and islands, with all the pro- duce of both sea and lanad to ,and from said territory, of which the signing of these presimts, I have deliv- ered untotlu^ said John Kendrick, signed with my own mime and the names of my other Chiefs, to have and t ) hold th^ said tu-ritories, jn'oviuc- es, etc., to him thi^ said John Kendrick, his eirs, ex ecutors, adininistr;it;)rs or assigns, from liencefoi'th and forev(>r, as his property, abso- lutely, without any other emoluments or considerations, whatever. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my i hand and the hands of my other Chiefs this fifth day of August, one thousand seven hun- dred and ninety-one Tai4As.so'ji, his mark. [l. s.] , Waoklimmis, his mai'k. [l. s.] .s.| S.J «.] S.I Signed by Taiusso-M, for his first son.(i,. (^rANTEXu. his X unirk. [l. CLAKisHurrA, his x mark. [l. . Signed by TAiiASsb.>r, for his second son. [l. I Signed sealed and dt.'livered in ju'esence of JoHX Williams. ' John Redma.n, William Bowell, Jno. Stoddard, Thom.v.s Foster, lluiucRT (Jreen, . I AMES Crawford, I' LOREX( l', M( C arth Y. John Macd, Jr., \Vii,r,rA:\[s ]iowr,Es. ' 'n AKI.F.S IJVUN'. .V tiiie coijv (if tin; original deetl : Attest : .biiiv HowEi.i.. , To all ])!'ople to whom these presents shall come : I. Caarshucoi'iiook, the ( 'hie), and the under-Cliiel's, do send greeting: i\now ye, that r. Ciiin'.shueoriiook, of the 'rasjiees. at the head of Nootka-sound, on the North-west (-oast of America, for ami in eonsideratiiui of two mus- k( ts and a other (!iii(^fs, do bargain, grant and ' sell unto Joh.' K(!ndrick, of JJoston, Conunon- W(>altli of Massachusetts, in North America, the head of Nootka-sound, called by the natives Tashees, being a territorial distaiu'e, on an East and West line, from the mouth of t\u- straits which lead to Ahasset-sound, now called Mas- .sachusetts-sound, with the land nine miles ' round said Tashees, tf)gether with all jnines, miiuH'als, rivers, bays, sounds, creeks, harhors. and all islands, with tlie jiroduce of both sea and land, appertaining thereto ; and by these presents do grant and sell unto the said John Kendrick, his heirs, executors, a said territorial distance, etc., to him, the said John Kendrick, his heirs, executors, ad- ministrators or a.ssigns, from henceforth and forever, as his pro]terty, absohdely, withontany other emolument or consideration whatever. In witness hereof I have hereunto set my hand and the hands of my other Chiefs, this [SoptemlM^r, .soil. [l,. .s. I iL. S.J |T,. S.| son. [b. s. ] iicscnci"' I)'.- - S HoWKM,. )rcs('iits sljitll lir!', 1111(1 lllf iiidw y<', tliiit at the liciid Wt'.'^t (H)iist of 1 of two nnis- tli<' fri't' o.oii- liii, ffniiit and on, C'or.nuoii- Anu'vica, the \- the nativps •p, on an Kast of tlio .straits rt caricil M;is- niii!' miles til all mines, 'oks, liailiors. f of liotli Koa anil liy t1i<'Sf till' said Jolni hninistratoi's, uii'd t'l'vitory o(^s ; and. nl-o lin Kfiidiii'i^. •s, ov iissifiiis. sagoH and liv- il to and iroiii ng those prc- 10 snid .loliii hand and tho and to hold , to him, the ixecntors, sid- iicoforth and Y, without any 1 whatever, •unto set my sr Chiefs, this 1870.] HISTORICAL MAGAZINE, 171 sixth day of August, one thousand seven huu dred iind ninety-one. CAAHsutx'oiiNooK, liis X mark. [l. «. J Hannoi'V, his 5 mark. [l. s-j Sigued, sealed and deliver(^ and 171X), I was at Mucuo; and it was tha current report, at that time, that uii Englisli- uiiiu, by the name of Howell, niter the accident- al death of Captain John Kendrick, at th« tSandwich Ishmds, took posses.sion of the Lik/i/ ir(/.s7//;(r/A;;i, her pa])(.'rs, and cargo, and ])r(>- ceedeil with them to Macao. The ve.ssi.'l wa« jil'terwards cast away, in the Straits of Malacca, whilst under the command of said Howell. It is not known ■what disposition was made of the cargo. I recollect Captain Kendrick's speaking to , me of a certain deed of a tract of land, hoin"- ; in a scjuare, taken of the Imlinns, by Kendrick. ' for the owners of the vessels, Coiinr.bin and Wiial inrjloii ; and I recollect his telling me what a lino tract it was; that a pile of stones wos ('. raised up and trees marked, near the head of VIT.SOF FAHLIWA vK.ATons, KFLATiVF TO imvigati(jn of a river; and that one side of said ni/J^Auy^:^'' '■''"'"^'^' ""'' ^-'^"^ square extended eight days' journey from that point, down the riv, John- ,T. Clarice. Justice of the Pence. [II.— Cafpain CErFT'.s Affidavit.] I, John Cru ft, of Bo.ston, in the Common- of Massachusetts, I. —Captain Doiui's Affiu-wit.] I, Ebenezcr Dorr, of Roxluiry, in the Com- inoiiwcalth of Massachusetts, iiged seventy-six years, on oath, depose and say, that, on the seventeenth of September, in the year 17I)(l, I l<>ft Boston as Supercargo in the brig llnpe, commanded by (Japtain Joseph lugrahuin, John C!ruft being the chief officer, and entered ('lyo([uot-harbor, on the Northwest cor.Rt, on tlie twenty-third of July, J7i)l, as appears by my jirivate journal. Ju the bc^ginning of Sep- tember, in the year 1701, we left the coast for China, and arrived at ^lacao, early in the year I7i12. The livitr T.-nhi )r(/.-.7///)r//fj;), commanded 1).'.- Captain ,l,iiiii Kendrick, \\ as lying in Lark'.s- l)ay, near IMaeao. i had a prrsonal and iuiiuiato acquaintance with Captain Keieiriek; and, while in Lark's- bay, was frei[ueiilly on board his vessel. In som."' of my visits, I rec()lle(>t to have seen, in- spect(Ml, and read, s veral deeds (executed by Indians oi> the Ko -tinvest coast. to Captain j wealth of iSlassaclinsetts, aged seventy-ono .John Kendrick. I lielieve that the navies of i years on oath, depose and say that, inSepte'mber Maipiiuiiii and Wiekaninish were alTixed to of the year seventeen liniidrod and ninety I some ol tlir de(^ds: and there were other names, ; sailed iis chief-oflicer in the brig llnpe, co'm- ;uid ther:' were crosses. | manded by Captain Joseph Ingraham, on a I recoi'ect that muskets and clothing, and 1 trading-voyage to the Northwest coa.st' where that copper, and knives, and chisels, and many | she arrived, in the latter part of June, A. D. other articles, were named in the deeds as i 171H; we left the Northwest coast, in October or having been ]>aid as the consideration for said i Xovember following, for the Sandwich Islands, deeds. I heard Kendrick remaik that he had \ Thence, we sailed for Macao, where we arrived on board one thousand prime (jtter-sldns; he ! sometime in January, 1792, to the best of my told me that he had other furs, of ditl'erent ] knowledge, and found Ciiptain John Kendrick qualities, and also that he had some beaver, j in tli(> brig A(«/// M^/.s/^'wr/^oH, lyinn- in Lark's- I had considerable conversation with liini. from bay, about five leagues from Macao. After bo- time to time, relative to the disposition of this ing about a month and ii halt' in the bav, I went property, for the benefit of the owners; but I ; aboard Kendrick's vessel, tlw Ladi/ Wits/diiatun declined having auythiny to do w ith it. 1 at chief ofiioei', where I coutiuucd about seven ^it-x 172 HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE. [September, months. While on board the LdibiWasliiiKjUin, I saw a nuiab(.'r of tlw'ils, (.'X<'ciitctl by In- dians, on tlio Northwest cuu'^t lo Caijtain Jolm Kenclrick. I remember the names of ^[aquin- na and Wickaninish to some of the (h'eiU; and there were .several other names; and I reeoUeet cros.ses or marks opposite the nanus. I recol- lect the names, and was nersunally iiequainted with several of the witnesses of tin? deeds, to wit, John Williams, Cliief ofli^er of the Lmlij WashiiKjloii, John licdnian, the Second (itllec)', John Stoddura, Captain's Clerk, William Jjowell, the Third otKcer, Thomas Foster, Carpenter, John Barber, the Blacksmith, James Crawford, Gunner, William Bowhjs. Sail-maker, (said Bowles afterwards married juy sister,) Itoliert Green, Cooper, and John Portor, C.irpentcr's- mate. I hud the deeds in my hands, several times; I read the deeds, and recollect the con- sideration mimed in the deeds consisted of mnskets, cloth, and articles of trade. John Cbuft. Witness: M. Crui'T. CoMSlONWEiVlTH OF MASSACHUSETTS, ( Suffolk County, ( SS.' November 18, 18:59. Then personally appeared, the above-named John Cruft, and made oath that the foregoiufj: statement by him signed is true, liefore me, G. S. BULFINCH, Justice of the Peace. [m. — Captain Young's Affidavit.] To whom it may concern. TowAiHAE, Hawaii, June 26, 1835. I, the subscriber, in the year A. D. 1789, commenced a residence on the Sandwich Islands. Afterwards, in Koarakekiia, on the Lsland of Hawaii, I became acquainted with Captain John Kindriek, who commanded the schooner Wdshiiiglaii, from Boston, Mnssaehu- setts, he having passed several Winter's at i\\v above island. I heard Captain Kendrick often speak of the jiurchascs of lands, which ho said he had made from Indian Chiefs, on the North- Wist coast. I frequently saw deeds in his pos- session, signed by Chiefs,who, at that time, lived at and South of Nootka-sonnd, and witnessed by men belonging to his vessel, of whom I had some knowledge. Among the Chiefs whose marks wore made to the deeds, I distinctly recollect the names of Maquinna and Wickan- inish. I had much intimide acquaintance with Cap- tain Kendrick; and believed him to be a man of strict veracity; and had no reason to doubt his having made the above purchases, and his having paid, as he represented, a consideration at that time, satisfactory to the Chiefs who had given the deeds. Jno. Youno. Signed in the presence of— Henuv a. Pierce, Boston, U. S. Hall J. Kelly. John Young is mentioned in Stewart's Vifii to till' South Seas, ii., 1(57: "The Governor of Maui, the Princess, with " Miss Young, a bosom compani(.n, daughter "of John Young, of Hawaii, the oldi'st foreign " resident at the island, etc." |IY.— Samuel Yendell's Affjdavit.J Boston, October 30, 1838. Samuel Yeiidejl, of the city of Boston, in th.' Commouwcidth of Massachusetts, agml sixty- nine years, doth, on oath . testify and declare, that, in the years of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one and o;i'' tliousauil s(!ven hundred and ninety-two. I was on Imiird the ship C()/i')iil>iii, Captain Robert Gray, in :i voyage to the North-west coast. While at Cly- oquot, on that coast, in the village Wickanin- ish, I heard it often said that the Indian Chief Wickaninisli, hadsoldtoCa])tain .John Kendrick his territory. It was a current report that said Kendrick i had paid said Wiekaninish in g:uus, clothing, and copp(>r, (these are all the things I recol- lect,) for the lands purchased as aforesaid. Also, I testify that, in May, A.D. 1792, I was with Captain Robert Gray in the shi)) Coliim- hid, at which time said shi)} entered the Col- umbia-river. Samuel Yendell. Witness to signature: Charles A. Yenpell. 1870.] .S'S.' Commonwealth of Massachusetts, ( Suffolk County. \ November 1, 1838. Sworn to by the said Samuel Yendell, before me, S. E. Sewall, Justice of the Peac \ [V.— James Tremere's Ai-fidavit.] Boston, October 30, 1838. James Tremere, of the city of Boston, in the ! Commonwealth of Massachusetts, aged seventy- i seven years, does, on his oath, testify and de- j clare, that, in the year of our Lord one thousand ! seven hundred and eighty-nine, I was on board the ship .Teffersioii, Captain Benjamin Robin.son, which sailed from Boston, in November of that ' year, in a voyage to the Northwest coast of , America, and that while in Nootka-sound, I saw there the si ,b)hn Kend: said Wdtilni t fol'L-iKli rjUAvrr. ] • 30, 1.S3S. Jo'^tDll, ill til.' ;, ii;;c(l sixty- • iunl (Iceliirc, i<)M;,aii(l .seven nil' tliousaiiil was on lioaid t (irav, in a ^Vllill■'at Civ- ■c. Wii'kaniu- Indian Clii(!f bhn Kf ndrick lid Kendric'li uus, clothiug, ngs I reeol- iforesnid. D. 1792, I was sliij) Coliiw- tTcd tlu^ Col- h YkNDELLi. A. Yenpell. ;-s.sv ber 1, 1838. endell, before Lfj, of the Pone. iDAvrr.] Br 30, 1838. Jo.ston, in tlip aged scventy- estify and do- one thoiisan I wa.s on board, I saw, on the deck of said slooj),th(' In- dim Cliief Ma(iuinna, and other Indian Chiets, making sale of lands to the .said (.'ajjiain John Kendric'k. I likewise saw J\Iii(iuinna go ii]) to tlie masthead and ])oint to distant parts of the territory, iipi)an>ntly with the intention of giv- ing pos.session; and he did give? possession. Tin; aforesaid sale of territoiy was made in the year of our Lord 1791, as near as I can recol- lect. The Spaniards had left No(jtka-sonnd about two nionths before the sale. The fort which the Kpaniards liad built had the aiipear- iuice of hiiviiig mounted twenty guns, whicli ii seventy-four gun shiiJ belonging to the Spau- i;irds carried uway. his James x Tremehe. Witness: 13. li. Tkemeke. mark. Commonwealth OF Massachusetts, / , .. Suffolk county, | *"' November 1, 183S. Sworn to by the said James Tremcre before me. S. E. Sewall, Justice of the Peace. D. JOHEytl BAHHKLL TO COLBURN BARBELL. June 18, 1795. When 1 nu'ntiont!d the largo tract of country on the North-west const, I did not exijoet miu'li would have been said at present on tliat account ; but I will .state to you what I know of the matter, and will write Mr. John Hoskins. who is now in France, and who has b('en on the land, and am sun! the accounts he will give of the climate and produce of it must be plensing to any s. lioii.sly one that may wish to purchase. The deeds of these lands are yet in China, where. I understand, they are registered in the office of the American Con.sul. They are from the Chief of the country, and contain all the authenti- ••ity;that could be given of fourdegrees^if Lati- tude, or two hundred and forty miles square. This tract wns purchused by Captain John Ken- ilrick, for the owners of the shij) Cnlimi/iia und .^loop WKsf/i)if/lon, the first Amei'ican ve.ssels that ever went round the world. Of this con- cern, I owned something more than two-seventh parts,and, of course, am entitled totln't ]iropor- tion of the hind ; the deeds of tliis land liave been since recognised by the natives, upon the <^Iiiim of Mr. Menros. Mr. Hoskins was there on the spot, and heard the Chiefs declare they had never sold any of their lands but this tract to Kimdrick, which thov declared they would abich'by. * * '* The Congress of the United States, nor any other power in the world, that I know of, claims any jurisdiction over them; und I suppose the title as good as can be givi n by uncivilized people. E. CIUCILAU or IIAHUEIJ. ASD SKItVASTES, Lisi/t:i) i.\ I'OLJt F.rnoi'r.AS la.mivagks, K.VTKysi VKL y CIRCILA TJ-J). ruB- ASD I/ONDON, August 31, 1795. Siu ; AVe h.MVe taken tlie liberty to address this Circular to your Kxeelleiicy as ii specimen of one of our vee'iit o[)erations. We are for- warding the same to all parts of Europe; and, I as the ,ureat objict of onr ofllce and manifest : tendency of all our proceedings are to ])roniote '< the prosjierity of the United States, we assure i ourselves they will meet your Excellency's ap- I probation, and are therefore encimraged to ; solicit the honor of yoiii' couuteuanco. "We are, with tlii^ highest respect, Sir, your most obedient and humble servants, r>.\ni!F.rj. \' Sehvaxtes. TO THi: INlI.\IUr.\NTS OK Kl'HOl'E. ' The era of reason is now dawning upon man- kind; and the restraints on men's laudable en- , deavors to be useful will cease. The Agents for the sale of American lands, therefore, take this method of informing all cla.ssi>s of men, in Euro] 10, that, byapplii-ation at their ofKee, No. 24 Threadneedh'-stn et, London, they may meet objects worthy of their siu'ions attention. ; That such aswi.sh to hold lands (though aliens) in America, may purchase, to any amount. ; on very low terms, and a perfectly secure I tenure. * * I That such ns mny be inclined to associate lor ; .settling a Commonwealth on their own Code of j Laws, on a spot of the globe nowhere surjiassed in delightful situation, healthy climate, and fcr- I tile .soil; claimed by no civilized nation; and i purchased under a sacred Treaty of Amity and i Commerce, and for a vnluable con.sideration, of ! the friendly natives, may have the best oppor- tunity of trying the result of such an enterprise.* * In con.sequcnco of an pxprdition fitted out at Boston- Nortli America, in tlie year 17.17. Captain .1. Kendriok. while I iirosecutinft a voyape with the natives, for furs, piirchaned of tliem, for the owners, a tract of deli(;htful country, compre- I hendinp four deRrees of Latitude, or two hundred and forty miU'H B all .ithers whom it may concern; I, lii'orge Wasliin;;tou, PrcMidont of tho United States of America, do makekno.vn, that llobort Ch-ay, Ca]>tain of t!i(> .'sliip called the Ciilnmhin, of the Imrdeu of about two hundred and thirty tons, is a citizen of the United States ; and, as I wish tliat the said Kobcrt Gray may prosper in his lawful aifairs, I do rccpiest of ail the before-mentioned, and each of them, separately, where tin; said Robert Gray shall arrive with his vessel and cargo, tiiat they will be ])leased to receive him with kindness, and treat .i\a iu a becoming manner; permitting him, on tiie usual t(jlls and expenses, in passing and repassing, to navigate, pass, and freipient th(>ir ports, passes, and territories, to the end, that he may transact his business where, and in what manrer, \ii shall judge [n'oper; and, thereby, I shall consider myself obliged. In testimony whereof, I have caused the Heal of the United States to be atUrod to these presents, and have hereunto set ny hand, at the city of New York, the sixteenth day of Sei)tember, in the year of our Lord, [ij.s.] one thousand, seven hundred and ninety. G. WASJiJNoroN. Bv the President : Th. Jei fekson. [II. — Sea-Letteh of the CojjXJMHia, fijom the State Avthoiuties. ] COMMONWEAli I'll OF MASSACHUSETTS. By His Excellency John Hancock, Esq., Gover- nor of the Commonwealth of IMassachusctts. To n\\ who shall see these* presents, greeting: It is hereby made known, that leave and permission hasbeen given, by the Naval officers, to Captain Robert (iray, Master and Command- er of the ship Columbia, now lying at Boston, within this State, to depart from thence, and proceed, with his ship and cargo, on a voyage to the North-west coast of America ; and that the said ship and cargo belong to Jos(>ph Barrell, Esquire, and others, gentlemen of charact(*r and rpputation,citi5;ens of this Commonwealth, l)eing one of the thirteen United States of America. Now, in order that the s.nid Master may prosper in his lawful aflaivs. it is earnestly re- quested and recomm"nded to all who may see these presents, at whatever ])ort and place* said Master, with his vessel and cargo, lufiy arrive. that they would ])lease to receive him, the snid ]\ra.>t( r, with ;;!iodn;ss; alToi'd him all such aiil and assistauciMis he may need; and to treat him in a b'^cMiuing manntH', i)iM'mitting him, upnn jiaying- the usual oxpi'ii.seH in })assing and re- liassing. to pass, navigat ', and frequent the ))orts, passes, and territories, whei'cver he miiT be, to I lie end that, lu; may transact his busi- ness wii;'ie, and in what manU'T, he shall judge prop(*r, he lieeping and causing to be kept, by his crew, onboard, tlu; i^Iariia; (Jrdinanccs ami Regulations of the ])lace where he is trading. Given under my hand and the seal of the Commonwealth aforesaid, this twenty-fourth day of September, A. 1). 17'JU, and [h.H.] in the fU'teenth year of the inde- pendence of the United States of America. John Hancock, By liis Excellency's command: i John Avi.hv, Jr., Secretary. ! [III. — Certificate of thic Cakoo of tjie Co- I I.VMIirA.] vmteu siATi:!-; oi' ameihca. District of Boston and Cuivlest.)wn, i:i tlu' Coni- wcalth of ^Massachusetts. These certify all wlnin it may conrcrn, that Itobert Gray, Master and Command' r of the ship Columbia, liurden two lunidred and twelve tons or thereabout-^, navigated with thirty men, mounted with ten snuis. has pei'missiou to depart from this Port with the following articles, viz: two thousand liricks, six chal- drons sea-coal, one hundred anil thirty-tive baiTcla beef, sixty barrels ]i(irk. three liogs- heads N. E. rum, two hogsli(>ads W. I. rum, five hogsheads molasses, five barrels .sugar, ten boxes chocolate, two Innnlred and twen- ty-eight pounds cofl'ee, seventy-two pounds Bohea-tea, six casks rice, twcMity b.'irrels flour, twenty-seven thousand [xsuiids bread, six firkins butter, five hundred pounds cheese, thirty barrels tar, thirteen barrels pitch, thirty packages of merchandise, six tons l)ar-iron, twenty hundred biir-lend, fifteen hundred pounds gunpowder, three hundred pouTids small. shot. (•iven under our hands and seals, at Boston aforesaid, the twenty-fifth day of September, in tlie year of onr Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety. B. Lincoln, Collector. James LovEEii, Naval Officer. u s.| L. S.l G.- 1870.] coRRKsrnyDr.ycK or TiJF. gdvehnment with TltE a ir,VA7ii' OF THE NIIII'S. Srn: Boston, November 28, ISlfi. In consideration of a desire expressed [Hoptrmbfr, liiin, tliosnid III all Hiifli iiiil il toti-fiit liiiu iiig him, ii|)c.ii is> 1h' kept, i)_v iliuaiicc s aiiil ' is tradiiif,'. «(•»! (>{ the ^V'lit.v-Cuurth !->. IT'JO, iiiul of tiio indi'- t'-'d Whites of N Hancock, , Secretary. .10 or Tjii; Cu. tICA. a, i:i the Coin- tts. ■ enii.'cni. that mand. f of the red anil (wclvo 1 with thirtv as pi'niii.ssit)ii tht- lolldwiiig As. six dial- iiid thirty-tivc . three iiotrs- >i W. I. niiii, mncls HUfjar. 'il and tweii- i--t\vo pounds leiity barrels loiiiids lirend. Ired ponniliB rteon harrclN ndise, six tons -lend, fifteen I'oo hundred Is, at Boston f September, nnsand seven leer. [L. .S.1 L. S.] iNMENT WITH I'S. •1-28, ]81(i. ire exj)re8sed 1870.] HISTOlilCAL MAGAZINE. 175 liy the PrcHident, that search should be niiide for proofs of Oaptaiii Kendriek having pur- iliased lands of the Indians, on the North-west coast of Ameriea, I have examined Mi' J Jamdl's papers and made incpiiry of several jiirsons who have been on the coast, all which proves, ill the most satisfactory maiiner , that Captain Ivi'iidi'ick did make .several purchases ol th<' Indians, of laiubi, on that coast, for tin; owners el the l\ilui}ilti((\\\n\ \\'iis/nii;//i/n, whose vessels were under his command, i'aiitiiin Kendriek s letters and those of Mr. Howi'll, who was with iiim until he died, and took possession of all his papers, thiils, itc., explicitly declare that Caj^tiiin Kendriek made .sevi'rul purchases of hinds from the liKlians about Xo( tka-sound, and ffir a distance of four degrees; and that there wi're regular deeds (h'awn ii]), and signed liy a number of Indian C.'hie'' , conveying those ialids to the owners of those vessels. These liictsiire corroborated liy the('vidcnce of .severitl persons, now here, someof whom were present. :is they state, when possession was given to '-'iiptain Kendriek, by the Chiefs, and wlio saw the decdw, and heard the Indians acknowl- edge that the.v had sold large tracts of lands to Captain Kendriek, and afterwards .say, that tiny had never sold lands to any other pi-rson. The lands were t ikeii jiosseasion of with much lo.niality, the American flag hoisted, a bottle >uidc in the ground, etc., and many Chiefs |i/'eseiit at the ceremony. J'rom a variety of eircumstiinees, the deeds for the above lands never reached tliis place, ^[r. Howell, who had them in his possession, after the death of Captain Kendriek, writes from Macao, in ITDti, to Mr. Uiirrell, in reply to a letti'r of Mr. Barrell, in which he reijucsts him to . si'iid forward the di'cds. saying that he then had the deeds; tluit they are recorded, there, by a .Votary-public, and triplicates made out; and that the originals shall be sent forward. As late as 3Iay, 17i)H, Mr. Howell writes to Mr. Harrell, from Manilla, that " he is in daily ex- " ])eetation of his pai)ers, and among |hem •'your de(>ds of the lands on'the North-west ( "coast: you shall certainly have them trams- i •mitted. " The offiei-r of' the shi]) ColinnhUi, who first landed and, by orders of his (jom- j inander, took pos.sessi Hancock, tlie other Adams; I et<'. It is believed that the deeds of this land were registcj'cd in the Consulate, at Canton, as Colonel Pei'kiiis thinks he saw them there, in the hands of 'Mr. Randall, Vice Consul. Should the Government deem it jiroper to make further inquiry into this business, much eviih nee can be ioiind liei'c, to substantiate the above statement; and the owners are taking means to prociin' from China, or from lieiigal, where Howell is supposed to have dii il, the original d eds or autli( llticated copies of them : they are ili'siious of giving all aid to the (iovern- ment. I would, with due dilhdence, submit to your (•iiiisideratiiiii, whether the best way to riiig. with very high respect, your obedient servant, B. Joy. Hon. Jamt.s MoNiioi:, ]vs(|.. Secretary of State. WvsHiNoroN, Dieember 1, 1817. Dk.\]( Sin: I shall d "em it iiparticuhir favor if you will have the goodness to forward ti> me, as soon as you eonvenientl.v can, coi)ies of the ))apers relating to the purchase of lands from tlie Indians, on the North-west coast of America, and of the jotirnal of the vessel, which you were good enough to lend me for my perusal when I had last the jdeasure of seeing yon at Boston. I am with great respect. Dear Sir, your very obedient servant, John Qiincy Auams. (hiAitLES Bullfinch, Esq., Boston. IV.— A NAVAL HISTORY OF RHODE IS- LAND : — Continued from Page 102. By Hon. J. Rcs.sell Baktleit. XVII. .MOHE TKOOrs sent to crown I'OIN KMHAliGO L.UD. URADUOCK's 1)EFE.\T. HEI. )RCEMENT8 ■ro ItE SENT TO THE NEW ENOL.VND ARMY. UE- lEAT OF THE FRENCIf, AT LAKE GEt>RClE. CON- VENTION OP THE COLONIES. THE KING's (•<).M1'LI.MENTS TO RHODE ISLAND FOR HEB AID IN THE WA1{. T'he encroachments (jf the French was the watchword used by thi> Ministry and their agents in America to rouse the Colonies to action. " They have long since marked out for