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 Bibliotheque nationale du Canada 
 
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MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART 
 
 lANSI and ISO TEST CHART No 2) 
 
 ^ xjPPUED IIVMGE In 
 
 S— ^ '"6) iSa - 5989 - fa. 
 
^z' 
 
 PAMPHLET No. 28 
 
 DOMIMOX OF CANADA. 
 
 EXPERIMENTAL FARMS. 
 
 J. H. GRISDALE, B.Agr , D Sc.A., 
 
 Director. 
 
 W. H. FAIRFIELD, M.S., Superlntende/.t, 
 Experimental Station, Lethbrid^i', Alta. 
 
 THE ROD CULTIVATOR. 
 
 H.v W. II. I\,nnni.. 
 
 1 1 Ki III I i.v I (mil i\(. 
 
 'iMi'i.K \v |] Id i.uii.i;. 
 
 Tlic pkI <-iiltivat.ir <li'v i-<il •n],! n,,.,! |,\ M ,.. (• s. .\,.i,|,., .,;' \,,!,I,.f,,r,l \]t,i 
 <i.-tn.y> vvfiHk l,iit in -.. >|.>in:; dnO:- imi pulv,-ri/,. ih.- MirlV,.-,- -.,i| ;,,i(l .•oi,-.'.'iu,Mif Iv 
 rciiii.M- -oil .Iriffiiiy-. It will II,, t iviiIm.'i- tin ,lu.-Uto,,! .■mtivMt.M- hut lliciv ,,,■.• iiu.iiv 
 
 till"- ujl.-ll it .-illl !..■ Il-rd <•, l»-ttcr :l(lv!llltil-(. (Ill ttir -iitiun.T fllll.iu-. It \r.l< il ,,|;|,-,. 
 ..II <-v.iv (lr> hiiul liiini. ll:^ ii-,.|ulr..--. .■l„-ii, .,„.-■- ,,h.! -. im-i;i1 jtii.-I i.-ability . onini.'-ii.l 
 
 l>r.v furiiiitit.' iviiiiirc. ditfcivi l ti.-l.l iMiiiiiit^.iiiciit ;tiHl -(,i| tr,.,itii;<>iil fmn, flmt 
 rcMuiivil iti district- wli.ic tl..-iv is pl,.tt<.v ot' niiiifiill. (•,,iis<>,|ii,.|iflv it i< hut iiHtiinil 
 
 tliiit til." t.viH. ..I' x)iiic i.f tlie iiii|.i..|ii.>iit- shciild <iiff<'r <niii,.uliiit from iIh.m- , iimhIv 
 
 ill 11^1 ill otli'T i)arts of tlio ('ouiitry. 
 
 I'h.MV iir.' two n>:i-ofis why tlir ;;.MM.|nl luloplioi, ot tl„. t -uitrtMr iMi|.l.-iii.Mit- 
 
 for dry taniiiiiK- pi x.-.v r.iktv pin.-.- -lowly. Kir-t. Iii.-k of oxpcriciicr on tlio imrt of 
 tiir furiiirr- ,i- lo j what t-iol*. will iiocoiiiplish th.- oli.jiK-t ,l,-ir,.,l in tho nio-( advnii- 
 
 tajxcon- ini or, ;>. tin- -.■,-ond rcji-on. wliidi it inu-t l.c :idiiiiii,Ml do(>s not apply' ii, 
 
 all ca-i'-. i- lai-k I t' funds. 
 
 .".It 149- 1 
 
 ¥U 
 
"HI r.ln IMJMIS,; IMKKKIW KIMM ..IM.INAKV KAKMIM.. 
 
 Th,. so<T.-t „f MH-Wul .Irv fanning ,lepc-,id. o.. M.,n,.R.,-fMll„w. „r >« .„„,. pr-t.., 
 
 jr at lea.t ,.ne-thmi of the ..ultivat^ Mrea „n ..,..,. ,„„„ ,„^^.,,- u," jff ren v 
 
 all .« ,.. that there. ,. n..t s,.th..,.-nt rainfall ,.,.h -.,,-,.„ to ,.r,„l„,.,. a ,-„,„ Rv nn- 
 
 ' , ;* the t.,t;.l i.r..r„nU.t,on ,. n.-.-ived during Mav, .Inn... .r„lv and An»n,t) 
 
 >..aks .nt« the hrn, subsoil and I, ther- retain^^d for n..e l,v ,1„. ,.ro,. trM.wr, ' 
 — „. By hav.nK th.s n.ervoir of „a.is,nre to .npplen.ent the rain, ha, fa I 7 he 
 .'row,n«^Kra,n. .ome erop at least i. pn.dn-.^ oven in the dri..t ....so, tia ha ever 
 . ■...rr.^ M, the dry an^as of souther,, AlU-rt^ and S..*„t..h...u,. Witl.o, terpt- 
 
 , h ; f ^ , "'■'^''*'' '■"" '"■ '""^ "'-^ I"'"">-'l>i"S the land before vegetation 
 
 : i„ JTHe -on T'"""""" '""*';; '■"- '""' '"■ ""<-^"-'> ..f ...win, .i.;: tT; 
 
 to cxhaiwt the .,o 1 of an appreeialde .,nan,ity of n.oi.tnre. whieh „,ean^ \Tav and 
 W ;^""^f''";"'^""-- ^"^--t -rf-" -uUivation n.,.^ be piv..n fron, then on until 
 tro.t t.me .n the a.uun.n to prevent all .^rowth of v^^.tation if the maximun, aJou 
 
 tbi "nro"^^ " ,r '"''^- ' "''"'^- ^"^ "'t--^-'-' t.. note that in ordinarv sZn 
 
 The Rod CuUiva,,.,- „„ ,.,„l.d o„ ,o ,1,. Skirls pr.p:u-a,o,,v to b.inr ,„ove,l 'ro,n Kield ,„ F„ Id 
 
 09501196 
 
Soil lilllKTINC. 
 
 For ,t ft-w y.Mrs uft.T tlw virgin s,.il i- Krokon. ttii< |.ni.ti,-,. ,„;,v 1„< f,,II,,w,^ 
 
 witl, IK. ,i „a,^ks to n.t.'rf.-r... Hut i.s ^.on a. ho ru„t Hbro is w.,rkH out a.i.i the 
 huinus .•..„l,.„t IS n,lu,-,H| v.m.nvh.t. th,- farm.T i> fa-.^l with the M)il drift injr 
 
 problPn. a.i. UMturtu>u.f.i.v ihi. ;i<m,„„s a;j^'ravat«J proportions i„ thf ■•('hi. k " 
 
 ..-.ad holt «li,.r(. tho huid i> apt to 1„. har.. of ^i„u- diiri.i- th- ;jrrator part of th.- 
 winter. 
 
 Thi- <urla.'0 cM.ltivatiuii .,.•,.. -ar.v t.. ,1,-iru.v th.- w.-.mI- . t. . ■ riiu- " th.- >url „ .. 
 .-O.I U, su.-h an ,.xt.mt that th,- .tron^.. ,ir.v vvinds of wint. r .ti.l -pri.nr -ause it to 
 iiiuvp ahout l.ko parfi.-h« of dry snow. The prohle.n of the farnu-r. th.nfore i. to 
 obtain an.) ,is.. >.npl.-na.nt.. for tliis surfa-,- .-ultivation that will pulv.-ri/e tho snrfa-o 
 a> l.ttie as r«,,*„hK for if th,- wetnt ,-a., !«■ .k-r-rroyed and tae surfa.e of the soil left 
 .n a jrrannlar or shghtly lunipy .-on.Jitiou rather than in a powderv ..-ondition, drift- 
 ing; .-an be pr.-v.-nt.-,i. The -rod cultivator" will accoiTii)lish this to a lartre ext.-nt 
 
 THE ROD CULTIVATOR. 
 
 The pri.i.iple o„ whhu it works i„ to have a rod of tive-eiphth., inch, round t,>,>l 
 .-t. el. pa.-.^ through the soil about three in.-h«= below the surfa.-e. This .-otnpletelv 
 -uts ,.r rather riiLs off all weeds but in the o,K^rntion dor« not p„herize the <,.rf-..-e 
 as wotild a dis,- or even a duekfoot cultivator. The obj.M-t of n.sinjr a rod in pla-^r of 
 a wide, tlat piooe ot .steel to art like a knife is that any kind of blade eolleet? parthle, 
 ot r.K)t^ and trash and does not clean perfeetly. while in the ease of th- rod the pr«. 
 sure IS so preat on iti. under side that the trash, etc., is worn off. .\, an aettial fa.-t 
 what thiP simple implement aeeomplishes is always a matter of surr-ri-e to one who 
 sees it in ojieration for the hrst time. 
 
 It i« not iTitended t.. be u.sed in a wet season when there is abundance of moisture 
 Ml the eround. i e.. when the soil uug] ^ be terni.-d wet. Under such eonditio.is ■, 
 broad-toothed cultivator is more de.sirable. for pulveri;-inK d.>es not take pla-e o a 
 irreat extent wheti th.- .soil is in su,-li a condition. The time that it is particularlv 
 .le.sirable to use this rod cultivator on summer-fallow is when the top soil i« drr for 
 two or three or T.ossibly four inches down. An ordinary cultivator and partictilarlr 
 a disc used under su.-h conditions would ,H)wder the surface to a danperous extent 
 llie r.Kl cultivator, ou the other hand, will not do so. in fa.t has a ten.I.-n.-v to brine 
 any small lumps present to the siirfa.-e. where th y have a h.-n.fficial effect *) far as 
 preventing drifting is con.'erned. 
 
 Cov 
 
 srni 1 rio\. 
 
 The rod .-ultivator is not put on th.- market by any impl.^ment manufa.-turer but 
 any handy man on the fanu can build it by following the d.vscription ^iven here 
 The frame (A) of the rod .-ultivator is made .>f two ->- hv ,^-inch pie.-es of lumber' 
 8 feet loii^'. bolted topeth.-r an.l holding the iron arms (B) that carrv the tive-ei«rhths" 
 inch steel r.>d (C). This rod is S feet lonp. threaded at both ends and liel.i i„ plap^ 
 by two .Alts at ea<-h end. The in.ii amis (B) ,-an be made from old wapo.i tirtx or 
 from pHves of iron i by 2i ineli.>s. 19 inches lonp. with a half turn about the mi.l.lle 
 iTi front .if the tranie are two skid. (D). 4 by 4 incht« and i>s i„,hes lonp, and tawre.! 
 dt the ends. These hav.- 24-incl, ,-,.„tres and dr.ip 4 in.-has below tlu- frame. Hunnine 
 at right aiiKles to the t.-anu-. and from th.- iiisi.le of the skids an- two pie.-es of 2- by 
 6-in-h plank. f.-.-t Ion-, that run ba.-k and a.-t lu-^ runners (Ei \ foot" from th - 
 end of these runners i. a Mip,v.,t (F-'t. •.' by 4 iinbes ly H; i„,.l,.w long, from the 
 
niidiJIo of wliii-li ii |>ii'<'i' i' by rt iiii-hr^ liv -J-i iiifhp^ luiijr ill) ruii'* up t" !*ii|ip.>rr tlic 
 scut lioiirit. A piii-c ■> li\ ti iiirliii- h.v 2s im-licx lonj; is tliPii Jwilted into tin- -kids 
 oil tup ot till- niiinit-- I K >. From thr iiii<l(]li' of this ]}\^•^•c n J- liv ti-iiii-li pl.iiik, •! 
 rt>ct Imijr, niii> I', k, fortiiiiij' tlii- -cut lioiirJ (L). Holes i-an lie liorinl int.. tlii- -I'.it, 
 li lurd -o a-> to iiti'T t}u' position of tlio -out us (M(;i-ion ilonuinds. Twr. liraoc jtrins 
 (.1). ■"> feet lonir. run liack from the friinif. supjiortiiiu .inii strpiijftlipniiiyr tin niiiiiprs. 
 A foot from ciK-li I'litl of the frame, ciM-kcyc liolts :\r,. plai-pd wliii-li carry a li-iiK'h 
 iron < luiin, H feot loiifr. Iiicli hoard- can lie placed a.-ros- tlie top- of the nniiiev- to 
 form a phitfonn if d(~ir<.<l. 
 
 Tlii- ei(iht-foot iiiltivator will n lire four iior-e-. If the iior>«- (xtwcr i- avail- 
 uhle. the rod cultivator may be coiistruettHl up to twelve or sixto«^ii fpet wiile. lakiiiR 
 six- ..(id eiirhthov-e team- respeetivelv. It is easily moved from Held to ti.-M by 
 raising- the runner- info the air until rln- imph'meiit n-t- on the skid-, a* sh.Aii it. 
 illustrution (l'>. 
 
 iiftouf<iO urn. 
 
 Hide ViPW showijig X\n: Hi)ti «*uItiVHtiM in oixration. Ste^l KtMJ ridii.ji,' nhtniX three ifirii«rt 
 
 below 111*' Sut I'n t*.