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1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
A
s
By tl
At]
the
Ha
an<
IL
III.
Di
IV.
Gi
IN
Shor
The I
LOl
Ba
CI-
1'
A N
1
ACCOUNT
Of feveral LATE
Voyages and Difcoveries :
I. sir John Narbrough's Voyage
T O T H E
SOUTH-SEA
By the Command of King Charles the Second:
And his Inftru(ftions for Setling a Commerce in
thofe Parts. With a Defcript^on of the Capes,
Harbours, Rivers, Cuftom of the Inhabitants,
and Commodities in which they Trade. I
II. Captain J. Tafman's Difcoveries
on the Coafl: of the
South Terra Incognita.
III. Captain J. Wooi'% Attempt to
Difcover a North-Eaft Paflige to CHIMA.
IV. F, Martens Obfervations made in
Greenland^ and other Northern Countries.
To which are Added, a LARGE
INTRODUCTION and SUPPLEMENT,
CONTAINING
Short AbftraAs of other Voyages into thofe Parts,
and Brief Defcriptions of them.
Ue mole lllujlrated ivitb Exacl C HARTS, and
Curiom FIOURES.
LONDON^ Printed for D. Bmwn without Temple-
Bar, J. [{pund in Exchange - All;, W. Innyt in Sc, Paul*s
Church-yard, and T. lizard in the Temple-Lane, 17 n.
:l i
4
Nl
m
rie
)rovem€»t
lomy, Ni
ty, Trade
)Are )vtth ft
fore Rami
[olin de L
lommendah
ihva)S ufej
The Coli
mus Voja
louth a»d
;ellan Stn
)crg,Nov
land; 'twi
^hat other
hrts^ am
?ap'd froh
» ,
THE
NTRODUCTION.
HE Ad-vantages of keeping judtciotts nni
accurate 'Journals in Voydg^es and Itincram
riesj are Jo many and greats tn the b/u
jroi^fwc/i/- ^/Geography, Hydography, Aftro*
lomy, Natural and Moral Hiftory, Antiqui-
ty, Trade, Empire, &€, that few Books can com^
)xre with them either for Profit or Pleafure. There*
fore Ramufio, the De B« ys, Hackluit, Purchas,
John de Lact, Thevenot, c^c. have begun a very
commendable Deftgjty and their Works are like to be
ihva)S ufeful*
The Colleclion nortf publiflj^d containing fome f/y«
rioas Voyages^ and exact Journals bsth to the
louth and North, beyoftd and through the Ma-
;el]an Streiglits ^ as alfo to Greenland or Spits-
)crg,Nova Zembia, and Groneland or Groyne-
land ; 'twill be neceffary to fremife in general^
^hat other Navigators have gone before to thoje
^artSy and what Additional l\jwrv ledge may he
\r?ap'd from the enfuing Work ; in doing of which
he jballobjerve Order of Place and'Tme.
A Firfi
m
1'^
'I;
t i;
ii The Introdudion.
fjyjl oj fome Difcoverits nrtd Navigations to-
tvardsthe Southern Parts of the G/c?^^,South-\Vcll
and South- Eafl:.
A. D. 1519. Ferdinand Magalhanes, 4 Por
tuguefc Gtntkmai'^y uponjome dtjoufl taken at hi
MajierK^ng ¥^m2inULUappl/ed htm) elf to the Cour:
^ Caliilc, offering to wake great Dtfcoveries c
the rtch Spice-lflands hy the HV/?, and to [.v:
round the Globe. He was ftirntfh'd with five Sh/fi
and 250 Men^ hj the Command of Charles V «,, ,
They departed from Scvil Augull i o, 1 5 1 9. an. ^^^^J;^^/^
after having in vain attempted to pafs thro by tk
great River of Plate, and having winter'^d //,
Port St. Juhan, they found out a Streight leadtfjn
into the South Sedy call d afterwards by the Difj-
verer'*s Name^ the Magellan Streight ; througi
which they were the frfi that pafs'djrom the At Ian-
tick tnto the Pacifick Ocean, and fo round tk
Globe home again by the MoluccoV and Cape ol
Good Hope, having fpent above three Tears !n
thi4 Circumnavigation, Jt the Entrance into tin
Streight they found on the Shore many Sepulchres or
Graves^ whither the Inhabitants rejorted in Sum-
mer to bury their Dead ; as alfo a great Wh&h
thrown up^ and many Bones.
A. D. 1525. Garcia de Loayfa a Spani-
ard, enter* d into Magellen's Streight, and gain
Names to fever at Places :^ as did aljo Simon dc
Alcazova in the Tear 1534. Afterwardj the Bipj
o/Placentia fitted out ^ Ships m the Tear i 535?
one of which got through the Streight s c^/Magd.
Ian to Anca in Peru.
A.D
A. D
)ip$ utid
^oy.ige rOi
t!cnttonea
^Til, N<
gaming tc
' )roood J
fr >m Sir I
>V.t, and
'ein(f the
\he Atlan
irillar, a
^empt tht
fvd the a,
^iceroy of
vasfatPdt
iiarmientc
\iirfue him
bgonia, e
Irafil. S
XrvadedVKx
tortife in
jreventana
fr Settieme
^aris ; but
Partly by E
^ons. 7/;
586. n
)he Duke c
Sir Fra/
Ul of the Pi
m Huts ;
The Iiitrodii6lioti. iii
A. D 1577. ^Vr Francis Drake, n^iih five
Vups utid ^^Urks^ and 164 Men^ heyjinhisfa/mipts
^ohtge round the Globe ^ faiih/g thro^ the afore^
vcnttoaed St r eight oj Magellan to the Coajh of
>crii, New Spain, Mexico /r«^/ California ; rt^
fuming to England by the Rail Indies and Cape
vfoood Hope. Lnpt. ]o\\n^\T\i^v was fefarated
frm Sir Francis upon their Entrance into theSuuih
>V\<, and by Storms was forced back again into th^
Urtights ^/Magellan,//>rr/ which he repaffed home,
king the firfi that failed from the PaciHclc into
\he Atlantick Ocean through thefe Streights. La-
Irillar, a Spaniard, being fent jrom Cliile to at-
tempt this P^f[^ge^ was driven hack by Storms
!vd the approach of Winter Anno 1579. the
^iceroy of Peru, thinking that Sir Francis Drake
M//4//V/or/;^xVl3geran Screiglits, eoiuipt Don
Jarmiento in the Por^c/Lima with two Ships to
iurjue him. This .Spaniard coaficd Chile and Pa-
tagonia, entrirrg the Streights» and fo paffed to
kafil. Sarniiento upon his return to Spain, /^r-
'4aW Philip U, to fend twoColonies to plant and
hrtife i» the Streights of Magellan, tn order to
\revent and obflru^ the NavigationSj Depredations^
y Settlements of the Englifh ^77^ Dutch tn thofe
'arts ; but they a/I mi feat ried partly by Shipwrackj
partly by Famine^ and the Barbarities of the Fata-
;ons. 1 his happen d in the Tears 1584, I'^^'yj
586. The Project was contrary to the Advice of
^n Duke of Alva.
Sir Francis in /^^ Magellan Streighty^iv/fi^e-
Uiofthe Patagons,c>r Inhabitants^ tn their Canoes
\nd Huts ; their Boats were madr of the Barks of
A 2 Trees
« y\
f>
^
V : ! :
\i
'■ !'
f i
I 11
•4
\\' .-'ii
' ■ I
1 1
' I ii
1 I.-. I
iv The liitiocUi(5lion.
Trees dnd Sed ^/(:/;;.f, very .trtificull) t/itenvove/j,
the He<td whereof ivas /emi/u/ier, Thej piti/itcA
their l\ices eithtr with mi Earth or a l^egit.xhl,,
In their Hal- s^ wade of Uoii^hs and Skins of t'ijhts,
he fofind Sea- Wolves and hu^e Mufcles, jvho'^
Shells they jbarpcn jo )vith ruhbin^r of Stones tki:
they cut t'jerj thi/i^^ wnh ihein. Ihcir frejh Ha-
ter WAS kept in i'ejjcls wade of the Barks ofTrces^
and their Cloathing was chiejly made up of Skif.i
(?/ Penguins, Seals, and other Animals peculiar u
the CJimate,
A. D. 1586. Ihj third Circummvigatu
on of the Globe was undertaken and perform d k
Thomas Candilh £/^; who very profperoujly fi-
nijifd that in two Tears and two Months^ whic'i
took both Magellan and Sir Francis Drake thm
Tears in compajjing.
Anno 1593. ^^^ Richard Hawkins w4^^ hh
VoyAge into the South Sea by the fame Streight tL\:
the dforementiond Navigators did before htm, H
gives the mofl accurate Defcription of the Tree thi.
hears the famous Winter- bark, y^v his Obfervati.
onsinFoI.printed 1622. p.88. This Spicy Arc
matick Tree (Jays he) bears Leaves of a whitiil.
Green, not unlike the Jfpen-, and bears ib
Fruit in Clufters like the Hamhorn^ but that it
is green ; each Berry of the bigncfsof a Pep.
per corn, and every one of them containing
within 4 or 5 Graitis or Seeds, twice as big as
Muftard Seed, which broken arc whtewithifl
and bite like the good Pepper*, the Bark hatli
thcTalleofall forts of Spices, very Stomachid
and Medicinal. We found it in all Places of tk
Strciglits
^freights
ahundam
iand full (
J< umber J
. A D,
"fhe Globe
|iian, his I
nan, %vho
%
oyage, Ti
pith Mag
'fpent near
J-Iefa^v upi
^ort of Buf
We way
4)eliglit
;^ hid ley t
#\rtohts
'J J
hineSj was
oward.
'leet, unde
cbald de
'as chief I
^freights.
iefcripuon t
iown Peta^
leefc.Duc
"c. Retu
\outhwards
A.D. i^
^utch ¥let
[ Magella
lies, from
tood Hop
itCA
u,
tbx.
9 at I.
■ The IntrodiiiSlion. V
iStrciglits wh-rc any Trees grew. Here arc
abundance of Muj'cles^ very refrefliing Diet
^nd full oiPfArl', alfo Limpets^ and incredible
Js^ umbers oi Penguins and Seals,
. A D. 1598. i he fourth CircumnAvigntion of
fhe Globe was ferform d by Oliver Noort,^ Dutch-
liian, /;// chief Pilot being Laft, Melis an Engiifli
Snan, who had accampamed Mr, Candilli in his
^oyAge, This Noort fleer d much the fame Courfe
0tth Magaliianes, Drakes and Candifli, havir/g
'{pe/'/t near three Tears in encompa/fing the Earth,
^efa^v upon the Land of Patagonia f'ome Deer^ a
^d k ^brt of Bufalo and Oftriches.
fly f. *^ lie may note here^ that in the Tear 1589, the
vh'ic> J)elight Briftol, one of the Conforts of John
thn', l^hidlcy Efq\ and Ah. Paul Wheel ^^^ into the
^atghts ^'Magellan ; but meeting with Misfor^
Innes^ was forctd back^ having reached only Cape
l^roward. Alfo /;? r/^f 7W 1598. Verhagcn'^
ye?.% under Sir James Mahu, Simon dc Cordes,
cbald de Wert, &c, ivherem William Adams
vati. •I'^-^ thief Pilot, fufer'^d great Miferies in thefe
Arc M^^'^^ghts, This Scbald de Wert gave Clufuis a
nuil'^efcrtpuon of the Winter-bark'Tree growing up and
s lb 'mo^'^ Petagonia. They prefer v''d them fe Ives wtih
at \[ ^^i^(o>DuckSyVafl large Murcles,Penguins, Seals,
en, \»^"f. Returning out of the Straghi., and failing
ill' Southwards the dijcove/d Scbald's llles.
A. D. 1614. George Spilbcrgcn GrA/<rr4/^/.z
utch hleet of fix Ships, p.ifjed tljro the Str eights
Magellan and the South Sea to the Ealt hi-
ies, from whence he returned by the Cape of
ood Hope to the Tcxcl, having btfen out about
A j 0.>re9
le k
tLv,
H.
thi.
P(
miii^
igas
ithini
hatli
:hick
)fthe
ightsl
M
\\\
ti \\
,1 I
■ 1
1^
vi The Introduclion^
three Tears, Ihis was the fifth CircumnatfigAtio
of the Globe.
A. D. 1609, 1610. Pedro Ferdinand Giros
A Portnguefc, and Capt» Ferdinand dc Q^ir, 4
Spaniard, do both affirm^ That the) failed atjtve-
ral times above 8co Leagues together on the Cojjl
of a Southern Continent, unttl they came to tk
height of 1 5 degrees of South Latitude, nhere th)
fofi^d a very frtittftil^ fleafant and populous Cou/j-
try, Giros bega^t to take hts Courfe tn the hei^Jn
of the Str eights of Magellan. This vaft Trait oj
Lafid perhaps may be one fide of^ or may belong D
janicn Tafman's Land, Vand Diemcn's Land
Zelandia Nova, Holhindia Nova, Carpenta.
ria, and New Guinea^ which the Dutch ^/iir-
wards coajledy and gave Names to many Baj!^
Rivers and Capes^ in the Tears 16 1 9, 1622,
1^27, 1628, 1642, and 1644, from the Equi-
nodial to 44 deg South Lat,
The Hollanders have indeed made thegreatef,
Difcoveries towards the South Terra Incognita,
which they have not yet divulged. Dirk Rem
brantfe about i%or \6 Tears ago publijh'd in Low
Dutch, afbort Relation out of the "Journal ofCf
tain Abel Janfen Tdi^mTin upon his DiJ'coveriesc
the South Terra Incognita in theTenr 1642,'
the Southward 0} Nova Hollandia, Vandemam
Land, &c, '*Tis re?narkable that all the LircurKVA-
vigators of the Globe e/iter*d into the Halt Indies
either by the rhilippines or the Molutcos, beih
feradventure hi/jarcd jro?n p.iijwn round nun
Southwards by that vnfl long Chaut cf i..t/w.|
which Jeems to fir etch almoil from the Epuinod
a! to tin
generally
I lies of I
A. D.
Horn, 4.
; dertook ti
A nepp P
,: Magella
difcove/i
^ ten Lane
. by Cape
.1 found oui
^ fmce le ^
I Names t
I to Holla I
I Tears am
% Fleets m
I i6i8,/4
Tear 162
I the fame (
|/f:j; Peop.
clad with
I ers like ^
Anno
way into
own Nani
but whet
with Lan
we cannOi
of his
Str eighty
Courje w,
h.tve this
tmm
riros
o
The Introduftion. vii
a I to the 50 degree of South iM, Therefore they
generallj fleered ufo» the South Sea^ either for the
Ijles t)/" Salomon, tfr thofe called the Ladroncs.
A. D. 1615 Will. Cornelius Schouten of
Horn, And Jacob 1« Maire <?/Amfterdam, «;;-
* dertook the (ixth Circumnavigation of the Globe ^by
A new Paffage Southwards from the Str eights of
, Magellan in Terra del Fucgo, which they happily
difcoverd andfafs'dyfinding out Sebald's Jfles,Sta-
j ten Land, Maurice Land, Barnevelt Ifles andfo
% b) Cape Horn, in the 57 ^eg, of South Lat, they
^ found out a new way into the South Sea^ called ever
fmce le Maire's Streight j in this Voyage they gave
I Names to fever al Iflands and Countries^ returning
i to Holland Lythe Eaft Indies, having been one two
, Tears and eighteen Days. Afterwards a SpaniiTi
^ Fleets «/?^^r Bartoleme Garcia de Nodal. Anno
I J 6 1 8, fail d thro le Maire S Pajfage ; and in the
Tear 162^, part of Prince Maurice s Fleet fleered
I the fame Courfe^ dtfcoveringfome fmall Ijles. Nodal
Cfiw People near le Maire J Streight ^ all painted and
^ clad with Bird's Skins ^ they fed upon yellow Ftow"
I ers like Marigolds.
I Anno 1643. Brewer or Qvo'WQV^went another
I way into the South Sea^ by a Pajfage calPd after his
^ own Name^ which is Eaft of le Maire s Streight ;
but whether Brewer went through a new Streight
.,, with Land on each fide, or had a wide Sea on the Eafl
' we cannot inform you, having never feen the Diary
•of his Voyage ; but moji Maps make it d new
' Streight, t ho perhaps he might fiil under the fame
Courje which Capt, Sharp afterwards dfd', they who
h.ive this Voyage may foon determine this Doubt.
A 4 The
I
• 1
I I
HI
M
'::i
I
viii The Introduftion.
The Southern Fart <?/Tcrra Magellanica, conu
monl) cdlld Terra, del Fuego,/r jw the^rcat Fires
feenufot» it by the SAtlors^^eems^hy the Obfervathns
cfthelDntchy to be divided tnto many Ifles and
Strei^hts Ieadi/7f into both Sets The Countrv ap*
fears Mountai/wus^ nnthf.tir and green V allies^
Springs^ Rivulets^ and much Herbage, The Creeks
Are fit for Shipping^Water and Wood being flentiftiL
The Air ii tempefitiom by reafon of the vajl quanti-
ty of Vapours from both Oceans, The Natives paint
the is Bodies^ and deck themf elves rvith Shtlls and
Skins. They make their Baskets and Nets of Rujhes^
cut of which they twijt Lines, and h.wging Hool{S
made of ijtones and biiited rvith Afufcles^ they take
abundance of F^JJj* Their JQiives are made of\
Jharpen^d Bones^ and a/I their Arron^s are arnii '
with them, Th?ir Canoes are like the Venetian
Gondala's. Tor the Defer ipt ion of the Northern
Fart of Terra Magellanica, commonly called Pa-
tagonia, tve refer the Reader to Sir John Nar-
borough's Journalj^rinted at the beginning of this
Colledtion.
Anno 1669. His Majefty <?/ Great Britain,
His Royal Highnefs the Duke (?/ York, andja^'
veral others oftheNobiWty^defign'^d abetter Dfj co-
very c^Chile ; /;; order whereunto two Ships )ven
fentout under the Conduct of that great Navigator
and worthy Commander Sir John NarboroughJ
who return J June 1671, having been put above /nv
Tears^ faffing and repafj^ng the Str eights of Magel-
lan, andcoafting Patagonia and Chile. His O'A
fervations and Draughts^ are the mofi judtciom
Und exacl of any that ]vent before him.
• •••• . .. ■ ••'• • • Anncl
>i f.
The Introdudion. ix
Anno 1680 and 1 6^1 ^Capt.Sh^rip made wany
hold Adventures on jeveral IJlands and Coafis tn
the South S ea, in his return^ he being qutte out of
all hopes of recovering the Str eights of Magellan^or
thofe of Ic Mai re (^r Brewer, was forced tofeekfor a
y {iff age farther South than by Cape Horn, he went
to about 60 deg, S, Lat, meeting with many I (lands
of Ice y SnorVy trofl, and Whales ; departing from a
fmall P/ace^ named by him the Duke of York's !•
[land, in the South Sea, he ffeered near 800
Leagues to the Raft war d^ and afterwards ^ as many
to the Weft)v.ird, The fir (I Land hefaw in thofe three
Months was the Illand of Barbadoes,/^ thxt Land
in the Streight of le Maire and tn Jirewer s Paf
fdge^ mufi be J/lands^ and not joined to any great
Southern Continent, as fuvfoid by fome.
Since thefe Attempts and ZJnderta'angs^ fever al
Englifli Ships havepafs^d into the South Sea both
ly thj Streight s of Magellan, and by the South of
Cape Horn ; but what Trade they manage in t ho fe
Part s^ or what Difcovertes they have made^ or what
Articles and Treaties they are engaged in with the
Spaniard, we cannot inform the Reader^ being no
Merchants our felves^nor having feen any journals
or l^oy ages of thofe Qjtarters oj the Worldy befides
thoje before mention d,
li^ thefe Navigations to theStreights <?^Magellan,
thro the 6outh Sea, and by the Eaft Indies home
iigain^ the common things noted in the fever all^'oy-
ages, (bt fides the Winds, Longitudes, Latitudes,
Variations of the Compafs^ Tydes, Soundings,
c^c.),:re Flying Fifties, Dolphins, Albacores, Bo-
nitos, Sharks, Tropick Birds ^ the Sea Weeds
' called
I
V
ik
if >
1/
!l!l
!<-
X The Introdiicftion,
f4i5fWSargaffa/i/;^Tromba;r^^AromatickTree
hearing Winter's Spicy Bark ^ Cuanacos or Indi-
an Sheep, a Species of y^/W Camels ^ Infinite
jWumhers of Vi^ngninsj Seals, Mulclcs, Whales.
Oftriches, &c, ihejeohlarved in jailing to and
through the Streights of Mdu^dhn, hj thejeverat
Navigators aforementioned.
On the lilands in the So 'til Sea, Coco-tiecs,
Plantancs, Banana s, Puie Apples, Indian Figs,
Limes, Hogs mth Scent -hag s on their Backs ^ a
fort of Coney, Monkeys, Goats, Turtle, Al-
monds of four foftSy Sugar Canes, Oyfters on
Trees, &c.
Entring upon the Molucco's, Nutmeg Trees
with Mate, Clove Trees, iJirds of Paradife, and
great Heats.
On the Iflands of Java, Sumatra and Borneo,
the Faufel Palmc^r Arek, Pepper Shrubs, Betele
Shrubs Jacks, Mango's, Durions,Ca)ous, Jam-
bos, Papaios, Arbor Rays, Arbor Triftis, Bam-
bous. Ginger, Cardamums, Lacca Trees, Ben*
zoin Trees, Camphire I'recs, Tamarinds,Caf-
lia, Mirobolanes, Cubebs, Collus, Galanga,
Bangue,Dutroy, Snakewood, Calambac, Lig-
num Aloes, drc.
Tonards theGulphof Bcn^2L\, Elephants, Rlii-
nocerots, Lions, Tygcrs, Crocodiles, crc. Vpon
the Maldives and Ceylon, Maldivy Nuts float-
ing. Woods (?/ Cinamon Trees, Oranges, Li-
mons, Plantations of Rice, great Varieties oj
Palms, O'c,
Jt the Cape of Good Hope, Hippopotami.
Zebras,Gaz,ells, Jacalls, Flaramants, Penguins
Pelican,
Pelicai
Diver!
rteties
of LizJ
At
Moun
Euphc
&c.
But
aforem
f.trticu
uponfe
Eart ai
who ha'
red ric
mojl ^
Navig
allcont
'Tif
give a
Navig
North
North
We(T
Engrc
A.
two ric
bralta
h) gre,
land
nhfch
chas.
The Introduftion. xi
Pelicans, Orichiches, Caflowares, vaft number of
Divers, Duckers, md, other Sea Birds, gre/it Va^
rteties of Cruftaceous and Teftaceous Animals,
of Lizards, Serpents, &c.
At the Canary Iflands, feveral Burning
Mountains, Brimftone, the Rhodium Plant,
Euphorbium, Dates, Gum Dragon Trees,
But rve mufl note here^ th^t he fides and (ince the
Ajorementiond Navigators and Voyagers, more
particular and fuller Obfervations have been made
ujf on feveral ofthofe Parts of the H'^orld towards the
Eaft and Weft Indies, by Phyficians and Others,
who have refided long in thofe Regions,cr dfe recei^
red rich ColIeftions/V(?w thence. But as to the
ntoft Northerly Counttries all we have ii from the
Navigators* The bcft of rvhofe Obfervations are
all contain'' din the Volume we here pub! /JIj.
^Tis now high time to haflen te the North,^«^ to
give a jhort Chronological Account of the feveral
Navigitions and Difcoveries made towards the
North Eafl:/«;f^ North Weft,^'/c.Nova Zembia,
North Eaft Greenland or Spitsberg, and North
"Weft GvQQ[\\ifidfCornmonlj called Groneland and
Engronelandt
A. D. 1380. Nicolo and Antonio Zeni,
two rich Venetians, and Brothers^ failed from Gi-
braltar, inttndingfor Flanders ^W England,^//^
by grea^. Storms were driven Northwards to Frife-
land Icelanf-I, Groneland or Engronlandt, for
which we refer the Reader to Hackluit and Pur-
thas.
Anno
'
11
i
I
\y
I
'4i
'■i
MlJ
'i
J \
4
"^ ^1
I?
xii The Introdudion
A. D. 1497- John Cabot and Scbaflian
Caboi /j/ J 5(?^, Venetians, iverefent out 0^ Eng-
land by Henry VII. Thefe^ after their Returrj^
gave an Account anti Draught ^'/^jw^ North Weft
P^rts of Amtncdiymd brought four of the Natives
back With them.
A, D. 1 55 J. Sir Hiigii Willoughby went
out to dtfcover a North Eaft P^ff^g^j andjail'd a-
hove 160 Le ague s^oi'i\\lB.2i^^\'\y from Seynam,
ivhich lies tn'jo deg. North Lat. 'Tis very proba-
ble he landed on Nova Zembla and GrecnlancI,
from whence the Cold and Ice forc\i htm to rctur n
more Southerly^ i i /I he came to Avzinay a River in
Lapland, ivhere the next Sfring that g^^eat Man
ivtth all his Company were found froz^en to Death in
theShpp, This Tear //;f RulTia Company ^^^ 4/;
to incorporate,
A. D. 1556. Stephen Burrows fearching
a Pallage/^y the North E:\{\.to the huXiQS^jail'd
to^o dep. 7 mm. and thence to Nova Zembla, ha-
ving been m all likelihood upon Greenland, by the
defolate Landy the blue Ice^ and great number of
various Fowls which he mentions.
About this time, the Ruflia Company wds efla-
bli[l} d, and fen t Tearly Ships and TaHors^ and pre-
fently after Ambajjadors from Queen Elizabeth,
A. D. 1576, 1577, *57S- ^^^ Martin
Foibiflier ma^e three fever al Voyages to find out a
North Weft Pafjageytn which he made fever al w w
Difcoveries of great StvcightSy Bays, lilands and
Capes, as jve//.t/Land on bothftdes^ to all which
he quve Names. His Men brought home 'jreat (lore
iij glittering\A.\xz\\'^'i\x.^%^\hizh the London Gold-
fmiths
J-
r.
The Introduftion. xiii
fmitlis took to he Gold Oar, He met with hhabi-
tants on the Shore of the Streighc call'*d by his
JSIiirne ; f//f/r Canoes were m^M ^/ Seal-skins i«f
tcp, but wood Keells ; They exchanir^d Salmon and
other Fijby for lojs : In their Tents abundance
o/Red BQ3.ns were found like unto thofe c/ Guinea:
l^ut more (?/"Frobillicr's Obfervations inourSuf'
flement at the end of this Work,
A. D. i$So. Arthur Pet and Charles
Jackman y'^/i'^/ all over thefe Northern Seasj and
p.tfs'd tnto Weigats Streights, plying along the
Eajl part of Nova Zembla, jo far as the Ice
jvould give them leave ^ and findi?ig no poffibility of
P^jf^gp^ return d back the latter end of the Tear,
Anno 1583. Sir Humfrey GWh^i'tyhy the injll-
gatton of Secretary Walfmgham,//r/7<^ to New-
ioixn^lcxnt^^and the great River ofS, Lawrence /'//
Canada,ip/;/V// he took poffef/ion of in the Name of
fyrieenEliZdibQthyand fettled a Fifhing-Trade there,
A.D. 15S5, Mr John Davis was empUfd
to learch out the North VVei]:, beyond where For-
biOier went ; he made further Difcoveries in thofe-
PartSy which fee in lia.di\mt and ri\vch3.s. This
Davis made three Voyages to the North Weft.D;*-
ringhts flay at Cape Defolation he found many
pieces of tur and Wool^ltke to Beavcr,;?/^^ exchang-
ed Commodities with the Country People, Vpon th>j
Rocks and in theMofs^grcw a Shrub who^e fruit was
very f'weety full of red Juice like Currants^ perh.tps
\is the fame with the New England Cranberry,
or Bear-berry, (calPd fo from the Bears devcurr^g
It very greedily ;) withn'huh we make 1 arts. Vitis
Idsea paluftris li-uda njajore apud |ollelin, ds
Nova
%
n
f
^
^'
V.'>
[
1 >
'!f
1 •:
} I
» .1
■I!'
xiv The IntrodinSion.
Nova Anglia. The N.ttives often rep Atr'^d to him
tn their Canoes, hri^^gtng mth them Stag-sHns^
white H^resjmall Cod, dr^Capltn ; Jeverai Coj/pey
Oars, Mufcles^ &c In hii return out oftnc Fretum
Davis {fee our Chart of the Northern Regiofis) he
found marvellous flare of Sea Fowl and Cod ^ Woods
of Fine-treeSj Spruce^ Elder ^ Ewe or Tew, Wtthj^
Birchy Geefey Ducksj Black- Birds. Thrujh^ J^J^U
PartridgCy Pheajanty &C. (plack Pum/ce-flones^ and
Salt J kern d upon the RockSy white and glittering ;
Vnicorn and other Whales, See wore ^"D.ivis tn
our Supplement at the end of this l^olu?ne,
A. D. 1594, 1595, 159^^ William Bareness
Dutchman made ^ fever al Vojages to the North
Efl at the Charge of the \JmtQd Provinces,/^ the
lafi of which he was compelCd to winter in Neva
Zembla, about 75 deg, of North Lat, In thefe
i'^oyages they difcover^d Bear or Cherry liland,
and went upon Greenland. Thtfe Dutch Navi-
gations were wr 'ttenby Gerart de Veer, and con-
tain great variety of curious Obfervations^fo which
Mr Boyle owns himfelf much beholden^ in the coni-
poftng his Hiftory of told. They conversed with,
and def crib' d the Samoycds, coafiea Nova TL^m-
hhy giving Names to fever al Povits, Capes, Bays;
I/lands, &c. They dij cover' d the bcrnatle Goofc
or Chkh fttti/ig upon their EggSy under the %oth
deg. North Lat, They give good dejcriptions of
the IVhales, Morfes, Birds, S^q. and relate Vho^-
nomena of Cold (during thetr ryteUncholy Winter
Abode there) with Ingenuity and Judgment.
Ann.
it
A.:
Buttor
North
oloriou.
and lea'
200 Le
hove 80
titicnt,
r/juch m
Nelfon
hidufl)
buk agii
ed the
Many h
namd h
*
10 min
Winter^
Partrid^
reported
Bears 4;
Weill?
Scurvyi
the Grc
make th
In tl.
Hud for
much fi
Names
fen in j
of roya^
The/
his Net',
out Ship
i
The Incrodudlion. xv
A. D. i6iiw That worthy Seaman Sir Thomas
Button, Strvant to Prince Henry, pur/u^d the
iXorth Wefi Dtfcoviries at the lnjh(ratijfi of that
>4orious young Prince He pafs'drludihns Sn'CiqJn
and leaving Hudfons Bay to the Scut h^'aiPd above
200 Leagues to the South We (I ward over a Sea a-
bove 80 Fathom deep, and difcovcr'd a great Con-
tinent, ca/Pd by hirn New Wales, where^ after
much miferj/ and fickncjs in his wintering at Port
Neiron,/»^ beat and fear cPd the ivholeBay with great
hiduflryy (call'd afterwards Button's Bay,j even
b.ick again almofi to Digg s I/Iand, He dijcoz 6"
ed the grett Land he call'd Gary s Swan's' nelh
Many Men were loflduri?:g his abode in that River
nam' d by ///wPortNelfon, in North L at, $7 deg,
I o min. tho he kept three Fires in his Ship all the
Winter, and was jupply d with g/eat Jlore ofvphite
Partridges and other Fowl^of which his Company is
reported to hive kilPd 1 Soo dozen^befidesfomeDeer,
Bears a^/d Foxes, On the Shores ofthofe North
Weft Bays grows abundance of Orpine, Sorrel and
Scurvy grals, very much Angelica, whofe Root
the Gronelanders eat. They kill Morfes, and
make their Cords or Ropes of Whalebone,
//; the Tears 1610, 1612, 1615, 1626. Mr.
Hudfon, James \\2i][,and Will. %2iSim, proceeded
much further in the North-Weft Parts, gj^^i^g
Names to their fever al Difcoveries ; which way be
fren in the Northern Mips, and in the Collection
of royages,as aljo in our Supplement at the end.
The l\Jng of Denmark obf'ervii'fg the progrefs of
his Neighbours in the Northern Stas^ beoan to (end
out Ships for making Di/coveries in the Te^trs 1005,
i6o5
1
M
:(
t;l I:]
■1
111
w
! . 'i
xvi The Introdiidion.
1606, l6oyy but thtfe perform d little. At Lfl
irt the Tear 161 9 he equipped John Monk ivith2
S^'ips who truchig^iXh'A\tx AtjdH\xd^<jt\yCAmeta
the 6 1 dcg. 10 mitt where he xvasforcd to winter ^
and c U'd it Miink's Hjrbour, and the Conntry
NwW Dtvm vk'^ttfcems to be »wr Diggs IflandJ
See Mun kb Voyage printed itt French 4^ Paris 5
affo our Src pie went at the end.
In 160,, Htnry Hudfon was fent out by the
Engl Ih Coaipany to difcover the North Pole ; he
proceeded to the 82 deg^ of Lat, as did alfo Tho,
Ma r mi d « ke <?/ H uU 1 6 2 .who faw divers IJlands
beyond that, and gave Nantes to fever a I Places in
Grtcniand. Uc went upon Nova Zembla in June
and July, andobfcrvd Deer feeding here and there
on green places^ tho at that verj time of the Year
it freezes in that Clinfate.
In the Tear 16 10, t he Qom^zxiy began to apply
themjelves to the killing ofyioi^cs^and to theWhab
fipyifjg^ which they found Mofi plentiful about
Cherry Ifland and Greenland ^ they began alfo to
fi.*rd thofc large Bones commonly tilled Unicorns
Horns. In the Tears 1611, \6i7, 1619, 1614,
1617, 1619, 1620, 1622, the Englilh Couipmy
finding thoje Northern Expeditions fe very profit a-
hhy encreas d the number of their Shipping to i^or
i^jicirly, under the Conducl of Yoole, Fother-
by, Edge, Hely, and others , who gave the Names
to fcvcral Sounds and Points, Cv. ' *
Tet ire find little worth reliting ^/Greenland ////
J 630, in which Tear fomc Englilh commanded by
iapt. Goodler/rtre forced to wander up and down
the Country^ and to Winter there. A full Relation
whereof
I
The Fhtroduftion.
jereofhehg PtdUfhed hy Dr. W. Watts, tveJIja/Ue^
the Reader therett^to. i
Some Englifh dfo vt>}nrerd hi GreenLmd In iht
Jar 163:5 and another Company in \6:^j[; the
all per iJJjd there. • .->» >^^. ; 1 »
In thefifcveralSavigathns ^(^Greertland ^ourMen
je Names to many places^ as Hacklnit'sHeadland,
rhale-Bay, Horn- Sound, fiow the lonj^Bohes
\IIed the Unicorns, Ice-Point, Bell-Point, Low^
ifs Ifle, Black- Point, Cape-Cold, Ice-Sound,
lotty-Point, Deer-Sound, Smiths-Bay, Hope-
|and, Edges-Kland, Wyches-i(linc',Bear-ll]and,
larles- Illand. Afterwards the Dutch gave other
\antes of their own to thcje i^ laces ^ which huS bred
te confiijiott in Maps and Dool{s»
Our Men that winter d in GvQtnhnd^ 1650. lojt
light of the Sun Ottober 14. and fiw him ?:ot
\ain till Februiry :^. Thofc that (i.iid there in
^^^,fay^ thatO^obcY 5 w,is thelajl day they per"
\vd the light of the Sun^ tho they had a twilight^
^ which they could rcaJ^ til/Oi^obA^v 17. On the
I. the Stars were plain to be fecn all the 24 hours^
\d fo continud till ^Vintcr. Jan. 15. they per ceivd^
6 or y hours about noon^ fo much light as to
id by it, Feb. 1 1. they fiw the Rays of the Surt
m the tops of the Mountains^ and the next day his
hie Body. Our Men that remain d in Greenland,
134. left in wriiino^ btfore they perijlfd, that the
[« difappeard Oci:ober 1 o. and was fecn agaift
lb. 14. The Dutch that winter d i?/ Nova Zem-
in 1596. loft the Snn on Noven!b. 4. but the
wn in her higheft degrees was fecn night and day,
I, 24. they faip the edge of the Sun above theHo-
kxt
' I
■•li
'^1
^
nzo^
*:
*xli The Introdufiioa
r/zoft. The difference ofthefe appearances^ doth
proceed from different Kefra&ions, but from the cii
ference ^/Latitude, in which the Englilh andDvu^
winter d^ tho the cold in Nova Zernbla exceed
that felt in Greenland. In thefe Countries tk
is a continud Day jor jour or five months in ti
year^ as well as a perpetual Night for three montl
Jo for the Moft part there is either all Light ^ or &
Darknefs.
The Engliih that were necejjltated to winter
Crcenland, Vrodupon Venifon ( oj which there
great fiore, perhaps Uis of the Rhin-deer) upon Mc:
ies. Bears, Foxes, (^c. The Bears Fleflj was toi
rably pleafunt and wholfom^ but the Liver wade th
skins peel off'^ which was alfo ohjcrvd by the Dutc
that winter d in Nova ZcmbU. As the Sun ar.
Day-iight began to appear^ the Fowls and Foxt
crept abroad^ for which t icy fa Traps and Spring
undfo took '^^ift nnmbcrs : 1 he Foxes provd vrk
fowe Food^ fa by it the Duich were alfo rclievd ;
their Scurveys. In May they found great jhrc i
tggs laid by VVillocks. 7le cold had prodigies
Effetls on our Men in Greenland, and on theDuh
in Nova ZenjbU, as blijUring and ulcering tk
Llepj, fieezing their Sack and spirits, Jiopmgth
Clocks.frcezing every th'ir.g by the fire fide ^ allwh'i'>
Captain J^mi^sfufcrd in the Uland of Charletcr
tho only in the 5 i Dt^. of North Lat. whereas t\
Englilh and Dutch winter d in 75 and 78 Deg.
North Lar. In the building ofhoufes^ Tcnts\ cm
Cabins, upon thefe meUntholy occajions, 'twas fow.
expedient to make them under ground, and to Ih
them with the skins of Bcafis, thereby to k^ep out ti
fijurp imprejfions of the air. An
I,
The rnfrodii(?^ion.
Authors are <? little confuted In the Hiflory of
liales, fame reckon up I o Species, hut Wormius
d B irthoiinc, make the.// up 2 2.gw/»{r them va-
us Names from their differcftce in Colonrs^ in
ns^ in Teeth ^ in \\ halebonc^ in Spouts^ in Oyl^
Sperma Ceti, &c. Rondelttius, Gefner, Bel-
nius, Schonvcld, Faber, Clufius, /iWTulpius,
m indeed to defer i be 6 or 7 XtfiinU forts of Whales^
the Balaena Vulgiris, the BaUna Vera, the
ca or Balc'tna dentara, (perhaps ^//rCrampus,) the
yfcter^r Whirle-Pool, 1 he Cete or Pnt-Walfiih,
Monoceros or Unicorn IVhale. The Trumpa
ale orSpoutQT.mayperhjps he thePhy ktQr.and the
ermaCetiH7j^/e/^t'Pot-walfi(h,/^o //jtSpout and
erma Cety may he common to many of them. We
in the Philoibphical Tranfaftions,N«w. 205.
Account of Whales by Sir Thorns Sybbalds,
h(PS had opportunities of viewing them on the
s of Scotland, and therefore feems to be more
\a^ than other / f riters ; but vce having never read
Book,y mnfi be content to refer the Reader to it 3
e&'ing in the mean time more clear diflin^ions
them pom the Excellent Mr. Ray, in his in-
ded Synopfis of V\{^^%and Birds.
Anno Dom. 1655. The Ring of Denmark re-
vd to advance the Northern 7 rade and Difcove-
, and therefore equippd^ andfct out three Ships ^
h Orders to take the mcfl exa§ account of all the
s and Places thc^ came at, and to report thent
\their return with all pofihle Curiofity, that there^
e f^oyage might he every way hcr/eficiat. They
^ed the Weygat vStreights, and found fome Tnha-
nts of Nova Zembla in their Canoes, or little
(b2) Fifiywg^
xxm
( i
1 I
] 'I
i\
I
Ji
n!
xxiv
The Introdudion.
Fifiing'Boats : Thcfc people were very nimble on
Foot^ and cloathed with Garments of the Skjas o\
great Birds, lik^c Penguins, and Pelicans, wU\.
the Feathers upon them. Their Boots were made o\
the Hides of Morfes, or great Scales 5 they had Sb<i-
vers at their BacJ{i fnll of Arrow's, with a Hatchu
of FiJli'Bones -^ their Temper nntr arable and indocil^
abhoring our Beer, Spirits, and Meats. Leav:n^
Nova Zembla they fleer d to Greenland. Ths}
Countries afford no Trees, or Shrubs^ except a litiln
Juniper,^«^ a jew dwarf Virs-^ abundance ofMoii
Heath, a fort of Q'lhhdig^, Lettice, Scurvygral-
Sorrel,Snake weed, Harts-tongue,^ i^/W (//Straw
htxxy, diver sfpccies (7/l\anunculus,<iWHoureIeel{
In the Holes unci Rocks infinite quantity of Fowl
Nells, whofe dung with the mofs wafi'd down makv.
a mould in the I alleys or (Clefts, which produce th.
aforementioned Plants', otherwife the Country ^
generally made up of vafi heaps of Rocks, broke
Stones, and Ice heaped up from many Generations.
OfWater-Fowl there is incredible variety, and /
fo great abundance, that with their jlight they darkii
theSun, and cover the Sea. There are alfo great qiLin
l//ie/(?/ Dog-Fifties, Lobfters, Gernels, Star-FiO-,
Mackrel, Dolphins, dfc, a fort of Sea-Spici
found in Whales Stomachs, For all which fee th
French Relations of the Danifti Voyages, Priniu
at Paris both by M. Peyrere, and Martiniere.
AnnoDom. 1630. Captain Luke Fox was f»,
out in His MijelVies Pinnace the Charles, P^ihm-
led for 18 Months, young Sir John WoUienholnit
bein^ Treaftirer, to parch out a North-WeflPaffagi
He traced Frobiftier, Hudfon, Davis, Baffin, am
Button
1
The IntroduAion.
Itton ^ fnecting with Whales^ much fee, and Fon>h,
built a Pinnace in River Nelfon, where he found
>erd remains left there by Sir Thomas Button :
\e obfervd abundance of f mall fpruce Fir-Trees on
\th fides that River almoft .werd with ntofs^ and
jer forts of Trees ^ but J mall 5 the Valleys had good
\afs, Black: Berries, Straw-Berries J^etches^ Venifon^
but no Natives or Inhabitants to be met with in
IS place, tho in other parts oftheje Seas he fawfe*
|r^/ Savages. Captain ]3LmQS departing from Eng-
id foon after Captain Fox, upon the fame deftgn^
both met and carefs'd each other near Port Nel-
I, in the month of Aiiguft. Fox got home before
\fjtcr, but the other was fore d to f^ay till the
:t Summer, Of which more in the following Pa*
iraph, and in our Supplement at the end.
Anno 1 63 1 . The moH ingenious Captain Tho-
is James was imployJby the inquiJitiveMQrch^Lnts
[BriOol, to attempt and difcovcr a North -Weft
fiTage into the South-Sea, and was de/igndforfo
Icultaworliby King Charles the Fir ft 5 who was
\as'd to command him to publifh his Voyage in the
:ar 1633. wherein he gives a very accurate andju*
uous Accounts of the hardjh'ips both in going^win*
\in^^ returning ^ as alfo of the Streights, Capes,
[ys, Tyd(fb, Soundings, Variations of the Com-
fs, <W 6>///&^ Natural Rarities /»^/^ Philofophi"
l§Miwd Mathematical, together with a Plat or Card,
divers Tables. Out £;///;// Journal Mr. Boyle
)ffijfcs that he took many Pajfagcs and Ph^nomentt
Wed in /j/r Hiftory ot Cold. This excellent Na-
[ntorfeems to be of opinion, that there is nopaf^
by the North- Wert to China, Japan, S^r. His
(b 3) Reafons
xy^\
ia.
i
\ '
K i
%
'tr ,'**'
( !
I I
'1 i
\fi''
i
i
i
; I
xxvi The Inttodufiion.
Reafons ntfl\ he read at large in his Journal prinki
at London, ift Quarto, 163^. Tet in theya
1667. this deflgn vpus renewed, and undertaken^
jeveralofthc Nobility t^/^England, and Merchani.
of London, who equipped and fcnt out Zacharh[
Gillam Commander in the Nonluch Ketch : /jc/jih
fed through Hudlbn'j Streights, then into BafFM
Bay, to the Lititude ofy^. from thence Soutki^
to theV.M. of fyi, or thereabouts^ in a River «4
calld Prince Ruperts River : He found hen i
friendly Correfpondence rrith //(fe Natives 5 built ;
Fort called Charles Fort :; rettfrnd with ^oi
fuccefs 5 and Lid the Foundation of an advanta^i^
ous Trade in thofe parts. But in the year 1 687,|
this place rvasfcizd upon by the French. See md
of Captain James'/ Voyage and Difcoveries ino$
S\jpil>ktD^r,t atthc end.
Anno 1 67 1. Fredrick Martens, an Harn'm
ger, undertook^the Greenland Voyage, itpon auii
Jire^ as may be fuppos*d^in great part tofatisjie tk
Curiofity and Enquiries of the Royal Society j whia
he performed in his admirable Dmy printed in Hi^|
Dutch in Qaarto, being ajfijied therein by thejS
»;^«jFogerms. '■
Anno i6j6. The induflrious and mofiingcnm
Captain Wood, was again fent out by his Mijedtl
King Charles the Second, to make a more pcrfci
Difcovery of the North- Eaft Parts/^r a p^jfage 1
the Eafl-lndies ; He went no further ih^m the ji
Degree ofl^onh Lat. where he lofl hts Ship onm
Coafi of Nova Zembla. His opinion is, there ir
no failing this North-Eaft Way to China, Japan
C^r. Ihc like opinion Captain j^m^i hath given
1
The fntroJiiSion.
^North-Weft P^ffage^l/eiftg both per/waded there-
to by the ftretchingcf iheLind, by Mediftra-
ion and reverfion of hilf Tides, by /Ae motion
f the Ice, (Sc, befidcs the Fogr^ Snonp^ Frofts, vaft
mdf oflce^ and the Weather^ are infuprable.
Mr. Witfen in hit Letter to the R.oyal Society,
nno 1 69 1 . writes againfl the North- Eaft PafTage
Jrjpan : He tetrads his former Opinion of ntaking
ova Zttnhli join upon the Continent with Tar-
ry, having fince been better inform d. He thinks
e Tartarian Points ntay run very far Norths and
rhups reach to America. Captain VJood fancies^
4^ Nova Zembia and Greenland are the fame
ontinent. Ifthefe Conje&urej of Captain James,
'aptain Wood, and Mr. Whitfen, concerning the
orth-Eaft, and North-Weft Paffages to the
aft- Indies y&(?«/^ not be true^ yet the difficulties of
^ailing thofe ways would he invincible.
But now it Jeems convenient *o conte to the pre-
ent Work, and to give an account what is con*
aind therein. The Authors are Four., viz. Sir
ohn Nirborough, Gp*4/> JanfenTafman, Cap-
ain Wood, and Fredrick Marten.
I \. Sir John Narborough 7i y^ well known in
fenglind, and fo famous beyond the Seas ., that I
eed fay nothing of his great Abilities. His
"oyage into the South-Sea // mention d before.
II. Captiin Abel Janfen Tal'man's Voyage /r(?«r
atavia in the Ifland of Java, to the South Terra
ncognit;; is the more conjtderable, in that 'tis the
ere "pDifcovery of a New World, not yet kpown to the
^F"' fEngliftj.
vcni\ ||
m (b 4) 'T,t
on It
u
• •
XXVII
I ' '
i i:'
•^
i !
!|
xxviii
The Introdudion.
'Tisprob^hlehy Abel JanienTafman's Navigati-
on^ that New Guinea, New Carpentaria, ani
New Holland, are a vafi prodigions Ijland, wLid
he fecms to have encompafs'd in his Voyage^ fetl'mi
out from Batavia to Maurice ///c, Enji of Mada-
gafcar '-^from whence bearing away Sonih to^() dc^
c/South Lat. and then Eafl atd by North to Lat. 4:,
and 44, he fill upon thofe new Tracfj of Land culli^.
Van Diecnen's, and afterwards upon New Zealan(j|
ta the South EaU of Nqw Holland ^ returning ij^
Batavia through part of the South Sea ( wherein k
Difcoverd new Ijlands ) and fo Northwards ^j
New Guinea to the Molucco's, and Java. [
in. Captain Wood was a mofi excellent NavH
gaU>r: he, together with Sir Cloudfly Shovel,
accompany d Sir John Narborough to Chil, A\-
leland, a.
[aft, and
'Tis to
we not
fainters,
\ck. Stipe
id Frenc
their Ho
IV c iapac
equal
[a:cenate<
every th
)art ofhirj
ig great ^
ig Arts a!
ihichfome
terxpards he wasfent by King Charles II. to Dif «pj way b
cover a North -Eaft Paffage to China and Japan pjisntalies
by NovaZemblarf^^iiTartary 5 of which jouhm igcs, covei
here an kbdr^Ct, ? > itresfhe be
IV. Fredrick Marten of Hamburgh PubliJJjd] fe great
his Obfervations made in Greenland in the High
Dutch, a Language little underfioood in England.
His Voyage being the lafi and befi was much dc-l ^
fird here, it being full of Dnughts and curious Re-J^
marks ^ the Copying and Tranflating of which, anl
perform d with all pojfible diligence. I
Thefefour make up the Volume, together with' ,
many new Carts and Defigns, drawn upon the feve- 1
ral places, which do much illufirate the Work, ani
improve both Natural and Mathematical Science.
To thefe we thought fit to tack, a Supplement con-
taining fome Obfervations ^»Groneland, or Engro-
nelandi
v>
Vigcitl
J) ani
Mada-
^9 %
.at. 4:
I call,
aland
ffig u
•ds ^\
Navi-
lovel,
I, Af
. Dif
Japan
High
and.
) dc-
Re-
with I
r '•
''cue- 1
nee. '
nJ
The Introduftion.
leland, as alfo upon/owe Northern Iflands, North-
'Tis to be lamented^ that the Engli(h Nation
vc not fent with their '^2i\\g2Xors^ fome skilfnl
ainters, Naturalifts, and Mechanifts, under pub-
kk. Stipends and Encouragement ^i- ^/je Dutch
i^d French havedone^ and ftill pra&ice dai:j^ much
k their Honour as well as Advantage. The Englifh
have Capacity^ Indufiry and Judgment in thefe Mat"
J|rj, equal to, if not beyond their Neighbours, Sint
cTcenates. W^e are apt to imitate a certain Prince
every thing, except in the moft glorious and bell
'art of him, viz. The Encouraging and Reward-
.ig great Men in all Profelfions, and the promot-
fcg Arts and Sciences with his Treafurc : A Secret
$hichJome Minifters thin^ not fit topra&ice, orper-
tjps may be infenjible ofy for want of penetration^
bis maizes a great Figure in the prefent and future
Jigcs, covers many Spots and Deformities ^ andfi*
kres the beji Heads, and Hands to carry on^ and
iFecf great Defigns.
I
G O N-
XXlX
n
■I:
II
; If
V
. I
<i
■.}^
( ; "
1!!
!'f
i
■'' ,
jjil
;■)
'i;i
., N'>i.
V
'
CONTENTS
O F T H E
INTRODUCTION
^'^Av/gafiofls towards the Sonth^ from page ^,
^ to p. 15. As thofe (?/■ Magellan, Drak-?,
Candifb, Hawkins, Olivert Noort, Sebald de
Wert, Spilbergen, Fernandez Giros, Tafman,
Schouten, and Le Maire, Brewer, Sharp, ani
others.
Terra Magellanica Defcrikd, p. ij
General Occurrences in the Southern Navigdtl
ons, p. 13, 14, 15
Nav'rgailons trrvards the North from p. I 5, /<? 26.
As thofe r?/ Zen i, Cabot, Willoughby, Burrows,
Forbillier, Pet. Jackman, Gilbert, Davis, Si-
rents, and Gerut dc Veer, Button, Hudfon,
Hall, Baffin, Munck, Goodler's Wintering in
Greenland . Ohfervdtions on that Country^ from
p. 21. to 24.
Obfervations and Difcovcrics by Captain Fox, C//"-
tain James Gillam, and others ^ of the North-
Eafi, and North fVeJl Pajfages^ p. 26, 2;
Of New (juinea, Carpentaria, Hollandia No\ i,
Zelandia Nova. p. 28,
What wanted in onr EngWni Navigations^ p. 7j>
ii
X V <
A T A B L E of the Principal Matters
contained in Sir John Narbrough's Voyage to
the Streights of Magellan 5 Captain Ty5»^»'s
Voyage tor a further Difcovery of Terra
Incognita Anjiralis ^ Captain Wood*% for find-
ing a North-Ea^ PaiTage to China and Japan 5
and Captain Plawes Journal from Nova Zem-
bla to England,
AKnniger,S/>John HMhxo\}^^sLieutenant, kindly
entertained^ cic. by the Captain oj Fort «S. Jigo,
p. p8. Goes to Fort St. Peter, and why ^ p. pp. Kept
Prifonerthere^ p. 100. His Letter to Captain Nar-
broogh,p. 1 01. Left behind, in
Anchors, there found beyond Caps Gregory, Efe. p.126
Bildavia harbour^ its Latitude, ii!fc. p. 8 j. the Trafick
thereof^ P- 9 3 • ^ ^'"^^ Rivers empty themjelves into it,
p. 106. A conjedure concerning it ^ p. 106, 107. The
Jackie for Ships in this place^ vahat^ Ibid. A dc"
fcription oft he Harbour and Country adjacent , p. 108,
109, &c.
Batchellour Pin/< attends upon Sir johnNithtou^h, her
Burthen^ hoto Mann'd, Vttiualled^ U.c. p. 2, 4. In-
jhuUions to the Mafier thereof^ and from whom^ p. 9,
10, II, 12. Lofes fight of the SwetpihkQS, and is
fccn no more, p. 23
Bt'zoar-ttone, whence taken^ p- 32, ;;
Cape Blanco, l^c fcription thereof, p. 21. Its Latitude,
p. 41
Cipe Froward,a defcription of it, p. 70. Its Latitude,
Longitude ajid Meridional Diftjnce, p* 71
Cape Ho\Und de/cribed, together with fever al other
Capes, Iflands, and Bays, Ibid.-
Cape
k
R
1 1
it
>
li'
,
i
■
;' i
I,
■H
iJ'
^f
^1
The Contents.
Caps Quad ^<r/rr/7'fi,p. 76. The dijlance bet wee ni
and Cape-Munday, Ibii
C:pj Munday, its dcfcriptwn^ p, 76,
Cape Dwiiada defcribcdi its Latitude^ Lc>/?gi rude, an
meridional diftance^ p. '
Cjpe Pillar, its Latitude Longitude and nieridionahi:,
fiance, p.
Cape G'llery defcribed p. ii:{'
('hile, thj chief Place of America/;/* Gold^ p. ^i
Coos, ( Hugh) Trumpeter on board Sir J. Narbrougii
takrn Frifoner by the Spaniards jrBaldavia, ivjj
left behind^ p. 1 1
Dircclion 111 s, their number, where, • p, 11:
Don Ciiljsfet afhore in Neman's Hland, andwhy^ p. 84,
Never hi'ard of more^ P- 8 7 , o^,
iians of E
Elizabeth lilinds defcribed^ ip. 66,67. The diflanccht
tvoeen ir, and S. Jeronn'i River ^ P- 74- -^^^^ ^'O' ^'
River of this IJland defcribcd, p. 75. 12:
FlawesfO/v^//// William ) His Journal of a Voyage froin
Nova Z^cnhhto England in the year 1676 from p,
167, to p. 1 82. His opinion of the /aid Voyage, mil
a Relation of his tnijcarnage therein, and Jome 0)
fervations thereupon, p. 182. &c
Fonchiile, the chief Town in the Madera's ; its Lati
tude, p. ,:,
Fortc(bue(John) Gent, taken Frifoner by the Spaiii
ards at Baldavia, and left behind by Sir Joh;:
Narbrough, p. 'in
Frefhu'arer Bay. See Fliziheth lihnd.
Highway ( Thomas )L/;7/v///?,^/7 board S'w John N^r
brough, taken ?ri/oner by the Spaniard i in Baldavii.
there, p. 11:
S. James'i- Fort /Vz the hands of the Spaniards, p. 8'\
Jheintercourfe there between Sir John Narbrough i
Lieutenant^ and the Captain of the Vort. p. %-j/lbcir
entertainment, p. 88, b^
Indians of the Country about Fort S.Julian, their Habit
S:c.p. 4y, 5O3 J I. A further account ofthem,\i. r,
Indian:
ians of
zard in
dera, a
igdhn(th
\er end of
,anick Str
'dpeWxg
^ejl way to
Mair'j Ifi
[Maries///
yo [fle^ a
cha l(lani
lullsts, 701
rbrough(.
mn Board t]
|p.2. Steet
let blood, a\
iMayo he A
cft'helflan
Ifle, andvc
the Streigl
illr.Flemii
ing each ot
1^ p. 12,13. ■
» vdtions^ p.
|C^//7rBlanc
h p. 2 ^ . Hii
about Seal:
p. 30. Tai
in the Cou
^Hiils for .
\\itcs, p. i
iht'rmf^p,
I the Abut I
(1)07 eon E
.; i
I
,X •«. H ,1
Ihi
76,7
P
mal ih
P.-
p. II
irougi;,
p. ill!
•p, ii:|
, p. ^
ncc '
Biiy a
5. 12:
ft" frot^
rom p,
f , wii.
71 c O'j-
2. &c
Spani
Job::
1 I!
The Contents'
\msof LWzihQth Ijlurid their Cbatiu'Ier, p. ^3, 64,'
d5, 66, 70
p. 10;
p. 2
2.
ians^/ Chile (/<?/<:W/'^^
zard ;;2 Engl, /rj Latitude
dera, <? Defcription thereof P- 2, 3
^iA\dLX[{theStretghts of) not paffah/e for Ice at the lat-
er end of April, p. 45. -4 Defcription oj the Magel-
anick Streights^ p. 6 1 , Sic. Jhe length thereof from
'dpe Virgin Mary to Cape DtiTtada, p. 7 8 The fa-
'efl way to enter thefe St r eights p. 1 1 6, 1 1 7, Stc.
H2ii^s Jjlund defcTihcd^p. '^j. When fo named ibid.
[Maries IJle itsLat'itude^ p.95. ItsProduli and Air^i>.^6
yo J/Iey a Defcription thereof p. 4, j
cha I [land ^ its Defcription^ Latitude, gic. p- 95
lullsts, 700 caught iU a time p. 12 j
rbrough(S/r John) receives his Commi^ljion^^.i, Goes
l^w Board the Sweepllikcs, ibid. Arrives at Madera
.2. Steers for St. Jago, p. 4. Cau/es his Men to be
Iklct bloody and zohy^xhxA. and p. 14. Going a /bore at
iMayo he brings off fome Salt^ p. 5. Buys Frovifions
B'cfthe Iflanders^ ibid. Comes to Fort Fray a inSt.]2^o
[fie., and what happen'^d^ p. 6,7. Is ordered to Sail to
\the Str eights <?/ Magellan, p. 8. lUs Inflrutlions to
t illr.Fleming of theB ilchdioxPin^ for the better find-
ling each other after fe par at ion by Storm. or otherzvife^
I p. 12,13. ^^ Order he kept on Board ^ andhisObfer-
. vdtions^ p. 14, 1 5". Defcription of the Country about
•4 C/prBlanco, p. 2 r . Lofes fight oj the BatchellorF/;?/:,
! p. 2 15 . HisProjell to dif cover the People of theCountry
, about Seals Bay inrfjctlual, p. 29, 3 0. Kills 400 Seals
p. 30. Takes Fo(fejJ/on 0} Port Dcfier, and all theLand
' m theCountry thereabout s for King Chirks 11. p. 40.
Sill Is for Port St. Julian, p. 42. He Eats Foxes and
s K'//f J, p. 49. ■ TtoeJve rf hii Men lame, the manner
f thereof^ p- 5 2- Returns to Port Defier, p. f 6. Enters
the Mouth oftheStre'tghis oJ Magella n,p.6o. Goes a-
Haln I (^^^^^^^ Elizabeth Ijlmd^ p. 6^. His conference with
lavij.
1 1:
Their
'!'
^
I' I
I
i -I
; r
! I
v:W
V-
ill
'ill
I'll
f
II I
I
I
■ i
3
t '1
il
s
Mi
1^/
■». ^-v 1 »i
The Contents.
igl/td'ufjs/xhid. and6\^6%6(^. His Wdy of failw]
p. 85. Difcourfcs with the Spiniards nfSt. Jamd
Yort, p. 90, &tc. Sends Men nflwre in St, Mary U\
and why ^ P- 9^i 91' tiis difcourfe to two Indian J
p. 102. HiiLetter coLicutcnant kxmxgQx^^, 104. m
turns from Baldavia, and what way, p. 1 12, 1 1 3, M
His Journal continued, and by whom^ p. 121. 5ti;l
fail from Fort Defier for Enghnd. Pafs Cape}^h\
CO, Cape Virgin Mary, 5/. Michaels, p. 127, nsl
Futs into Angria in the Terceras, p. 128. WitlA
fight of Scilly IbiJ
Narhrough'f Ifland^ its Frodu^s andDe/cription^p.^iM
NomanV Ifljnd^ its Latitude and T>r.fcript ion p. 8jj
Nueftra Senora di Socoro, an Iflund, its MeridiA
and Longitude^ p. 80. Defcribed p« ^o, 8i|
Oi\tiche^,aboutSQdi\sBay, their fiape and colour p. 2 9, ::|
Penguin Iflanddefcribed^ p. 24,25. Its Latitude^ p. 41
A vafl numbers of Penguins here^ p- J^- -4 Feci
guin, what p. 58, jJ
Fort Da^'iQT defcrib'dy p. 25", 26. Its Latitude, p. 41,1
Sir John Narbrough returns thither p, i2]|
P^;'r Praya, a Defcription thereof p. 7,
Fort St. Julian, and the Country thereabout deftribd\
p. 42, to p. 55. The diffance between it and the Flat
Ifland^ p. 43. Us Longitude, Latitude^ atid MeridionA
dijhnce, p. 44. Vafi quantities of Salt here p. 45 1
Fort Famen, Its Defer ipt ion and Latitude^ p. 67, 68,1
An account of the FroduSi of the Country and Riva\
thereabout p. 69. 121
Seals, a defer ipt ion of them p. ijo, ]i
Seals Bay defcribed, and the Country thereabouts, p. 23,
24,2J,2(5, 27, 28, 2$
Smelts ^/ tf;/ extraordinary bignefs p. 12;
SpaniaroSrf/ f^jr/ Sr. J:mes/;7Baldavia, their Policy, /
furprize 5/> JohnNarbrough, together with the Ships
Crew, p.89. Are kind to Lieutenant Armiger, 8cc. p.f^^
Spiring'f Bay^ a Defcription thereof p. i\
Sweep-
£
■.V a V
The Contents.
fweepftakes, het Burthen^ how Mann'd^ ViElualPd^
&c. p. I . Her Cargo^ p. 2. Crew reduced to eat
Ft'aje in lie ad of Bread P* S?*
faHan ( Abel Jjnftn ) Sails from Bitavia with two
Ships^ the Heemskirk Tatch^ and Seehane t/ySoat^
towards the Terra incognira Auftralis, in which Voy-
age he fets down many things worth notice ; but his
Tra^ being but a fnort Journal of the fame de die in
diem, / refer the Reader to it, without drawing any
Contents thereof from p. 129 to 141
'^ejjels ( Spjnifh ) feveralforts of V/« p. 107, 108
food'f Bay^ why Jo caWd P- 71
Vood (' Captain John) his delightful and profitable Re-
lation of a Vtyage for difcovery of a North-Eatt l^af
fige to China and Japan, tronn p. 14, to p. 1^3. His
fournal thereof
Irom p. 1J5. to p. 167.
n
\- %
Ml
I ;i
\ w
I'
Contents of Frcdr'u\ Martens Voyage inta
Spitzbergcn and Greenland.
^ the Voyage from the Elbe to Spiizbcrgen Pag. i
Of their Voyage home again from Spiizbergcn ' r^
the Elbe P- 1 5.
P/zA^' external late and appearance ^/Spitzbergen p. 1 8
'I the Sea and divers Storms and Tempefis P* 3 ^
^Jvu/l Mountains and lields of Iceland the great dif-
ficulty of Sailing p. 40
y the Air andwondcrful changes of the Weather p. 49
yfthe Plants ^/Spiizbergcn. Of a FLint with Aloe-
Leave s. Of f mall Hon flee L OJ Crow's hoot. Of Scurvy-
Grafs. Of an Hrrb like St one -crap. Of aSn^ikewecd,
of an herb like unto Moufc Ear. Of a Plant like
unto PeriwJrgle. Of an Herb like a Strawberry. Of
a Reck Plant f"ro;n p. 5S to p. 75-
the Animals but chiefly the Birds about Spirzbcigyn.
Of Bird 1 with Toes or divided Pee t. x.Ofa S/nte. 2. Of
the Snow Bird. \. Of the Ice Birds. Of the broad or
wehfooted Birds, Oj the Raihfljcr, Of the Pigeon. Of
the
i i
'
:l
«)■
1
:■'(
"' ;,]
'h-^ < '
1
The Contents.
the Lumh. Of the MmdilledKutgc-gehef, Ojtl
Burgcmeifter. Of the Rotgis. Of the Struntjager . (.
\>ung-huntcr.) Of the diving Parrot. Of the mou)
tain Duck, Of the Kinnew. Of the M^allcmiich T':
K^i Geefe^ a Bird called John of Ghent, like a St
from p. 7 J to p. 1
Of four footed Beafls, Of the Hart and Deer. Of th
Fox.Ofthe vohiteBear. Of the Sea Dogs, called Rul}!i\
andSeales. OftheSea-Horfe^orMor/e^ p. loytoni
OfCru^aneomfifh. Of the SeaCraro-Ji/h without a Tm.
or SeaSpider. OftheGarnelsor Prawns. Of the Irjjo
Game Is or Shrimps. Of the Louce of the Whale, OJ
the Star fijh^ two forts. Of the Macarel, Of it
Dragon-fijh. Of the Dolphin. Of the Butskopf, wi
Places head. OftheSawfifh,orSword-fifh, Of A
white ¥ifh. Of the Unicorn, Of the Hay., fever at fori
from p. 121 to p. 1^)
Of the Whales about Spitzbergen, and how they dip
from other Whales.^ with an exaSi defcription cf i\
the parts of a Whale ^ and to what ufes they are ^f
plied from p. 1 40 to p. i «)(
Of the fever always of ditching Whales^ p. 1 5-6 to p. 1 69]
How they manage the deadWhales : fever al ways of It)
ing out oftheTrain-Oilfrom the Pat, p. 169 to p. 17^
Of tfje Pinn-fifh being the length of a Whale, but mud
lefs in bulk p. Ibid,
Of Rotz-fifhes andSea qualms. OftheSeaMzy-^y, Of tk
Snail Slime-fifh. Of the Hat Slime fifh. Of the RoJ':
like (hapedSlime-fijh. Of the Slime-fiih like a Cap. Oj
the S/ime-fifh like a Fountain from p. 1 8 1 to p, 1 89,
Contents of the Supplement.
A Defer i^t ion of Chehy and other Iflands from r
iS^top. 19^1
John Mayens Ifland • p. 196
GroenUnd or Engroenland p. lyp
The Difcovery of Frt^ezland or Frifeland ' p. 221
I
I
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{/
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n
rr
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.
^^
1
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■-■-t-
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A Chart
of tKe
We s t e rk
and
S OUTHKRN^
O C K A N S
DctiniJtMglKe Cour/Voi"
3 John AarlfroNi^/i^
Vovage totfie
Sou T II Si: A
m?^t"^.
P»niylv
VlRGlNljJJiV ^ , N
IHarrif tec
jW-E' ^^ T EIJ
^tnmit^a^
[Q
■■^^''.V/.-4'^/-'^i
^«d4['/maiU^ -i^
^itHute
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Sunday ^S
I jelly's propi
Sweepflakes
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A
JOURNAL
KEPT BY "-,
Captain John Narhorough^ &Ci
MAT IS* i66g. This day being .J(?^^>*-
day^ I received from the Honourable
Mr. Wren, Secretary to his Royal
Highnefs the Duke of Tork^my Com-
minTion to Command his Majedy's Ship thtSiveep-
Jakes ythe Ship being at Deptforelj in the River ci
Thames n&zx London,
Sunday ^Septehler 16. 166^. Setoiitat his Ma-
I Jelly's proper Co(l,orteof his own Ships nam'd the
Siveepflakesy Burthen 3 ooTuns,uith 3 6 great Ord-
inance, and all other Munition proportionable ;
manned with 80 Men and Boys, vicflualled for
fourteen Months, at whole allowance oi'all Provi-
! fions both good and whoUbme, having Oat meal
for Fifli, and four Tuns and an half of Brandy irt
lieu of Bcer^flores of all forts compl eat for twelve
months, with provifion of Craft to take Filh and
Fowls, a iJeync Net, and hooks and lines, and fif-
^igs, and harping Irons, twelve Fowling-pieces,
B ^ with
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2 Sir John N^rbroUghV Voyage
with {liot,and pigsoF Lead to make Ihot, if occa-
fion, fe*r. And the Batclelour Phik^ burthen 70
Tuns, with four great Ordnance, and all other
Munition proportionable ; mann'd with nineteen
Men, one Boy, vi'ituallcd for twelve months, at
whole allowance of all provridO!! good and whole-
fome, asthe Sweepfiakes had and llores proporti-
onable lor the time, and Craft to take Fiih and
Foul, (^c.
Having a fort of Goods to the value of three
hundred pounds, as followeth Knives Sijfers.Glaf.
fes^ Bea^Sy Hatchets, Bills, Hoes., Nails, NeeMeSy
Pifts^ Pipes. Bells Boxes, &c. Djtjfels Linnen^
Cloth yO fen hrigs tohacco. and Pipes, 6ic. to trade
with the Natives at hisMajcily's Charge.
Wed^efday^ September 19. Hazy Weather, the
Wind to the North v\ efi and by Weft, a frelli gale:
Iftood to the South wc[h\ ard as near as T could;
diisday at 12 a Clock the Lizard bore North of |
me a little Eaflerly, diftance about 1 2 Leagues,
according to my account ; Latitude byaccount,is
49d. 3 5w. This day Tfpoke wxh a French Banker.
Lizard in E»g/aftd lies in the Lat, of 50^. lo m.
and in Longitude Eaft, from the Meridian of the
Weft part of S. Michael, one of the Tftands of the
Azores 1 8</. 3 w. From the Lizard! take my de-
parture, and keep my daily account of the difTe-
rence of my Longitude from that Meridian.
Ocioher 17. I made the Madera^ which lOafld
is high Land and irregular in Hiils, with Wood
on the top, and down the fides ; planted vi'ith
Vines ; there is fome Sugar made in the Tfland :
the Inliabitants PortHguezes, The City of Fonchiah 1
is
\:m
to the Strei^hts of Magellan, ^
is the Metropolis, and is I'tuatcJ in a Bay on the
ibutli Partoi riie iilandjcloic totljcSea-lkicwal-
Icd next the Sea, and well ibrcineJ with Ord-
Inancc ; frclh w arcr comes running into the Sea in
|rhi' middle ol the Bay, in a tair Rivulet iVoai un-
Ider an Arch m the U'all ; the I'lioar j'des are
lit '
jgrcat l^ebble iloncs in tine Bay, and Rocks in the
fother places; the Road is foul ground to the Eall
part of it : the Ihips ride in Ihot of Ordnance of
he City .- this City is about an Ertglijl? mile in
tngth, and three quarters of a mile m breadth.
The Defarts are barren rocky liles of a good
eighth,andlieattheSouth-ea{l point of Maderay
bove a mile diftant from the iliore ; there is wa-
er enough between Maekra and the Delarts in the
idvvay, and no danger ; the Defarts trentto the
outh eaft. Foncbiale Bay in the Ille of Madera^
ies in the Lat. of 32 ^ 10 w. North, and in Lon-
itude Weft from i\\t Lizard oi England icd. \m,
nd Meridian diflance 143 Leagues, r ■. - r <-»
Sunday being the 17th. fair Weather and little
;ind at North- well, Courie by my Compafs
outh we/}, I make my true Courfe b}^ Fofi-
hiale Bay,till to day at noon South fouih- wefl:,di-
ance/ailed 34 miles fix tenths departureWell rj
ilesj Dif?i Lat.oc^. 31 m- Lat. by account 3 i d.
]m. Meridian diilance iVom the Z./z.WWe(l,
47 leagues I mile ; Longitude from the Lizard
eft 10 ^. 17 m. Difference of Longitude from
'onchiale Weft ood. 16 m. To diy at noon 1 faw^
th Bhe Ifland of Madera bearing N. b. E. the body of
d: liie Ifle diftant by cftimation 1 1 leagues j it makes
^/{Ina bluff body at the Weft end^ and trents to the
is I B 2 Eaft :
nd
od
ty\\
1,1
,.''1
* I.
*" 'I (
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P m
w
fcr
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m
4 Sir John Narbroiigh'j Foyage
Eaft .-Courfc by tlie Compafi cliis afternoon S.W,
little wind tonif^ht; I li]apcd my ncarcfl Courfc
tor the THand oUSt. 7*///; witli all rlic fail 1 could
make,
i
tlicrn poll
me : (lift a
the Batcbelour Fink m Companv; I gavJ^f ?'^^^^ ,
order to my Mailer to make the beft it hisuavf ' .1 ^ ,
to St.J^go Illand, but not to leave the Ccinpan}
of the Batchclour.
S^tm^zyfidoler 13. Thewind atiV.b.^a gale:
this day in the forenoon I crolled the tropkk oi. .. ^
Cancer, all my men in good health, I praife the All ) ^^ ^\^^^
r God for it; many oF my men that haj , i^^ .^^^ ^''
the Road
oftlic JHar
pond a 1)0
mighty
been with me in the /^^/^j formerly, were Ici
blood ; lor I take bleeding in thefe hot Climates
to bt^ a great preferver of health, diverting Ca
lentures ; I experienced it in two Voyages befors
to the Illaud of St. Helena^ and in one to the
Coaft of Guinea^ where feveral of my nocn undei
that diftemper, were preferved by bleeding ,• in a
thefe Voyages I was never fick one day, nor w
two years time in the Mediterranean Sea, nor !
the Canaries ; for when I came near the Equ'm
Siial 1 always breathed a Vein.
Thurfday,0^(?^fr 28. the Wind at Eaft-Nortli
Eaft, a flifi gal« 5 this Morning I faw the Ille
Mayo bearing S. b. W. diftant by eftimation eigi
Leagues ; it makes a high Hill, and Craggy to tin
Eaft part, and low land towards the lliore- fide t
the North weft part of the Ifland; it lies from ^1
ttavifls.b. TV. diftant near 18 leagues. This da
at 1 1 a Clock I anchored in the Road in fevenfj
thorn water, fandy Ground, about a mile from t
fliore ; the Northernmoft point of the Road beai|
ing N.N.l^. half a point to the Weft, and the So
thei
Igiin imnici
|vh"ch broi
lib much th
rlic Scyne I
f Mullets, wj
the IHander
a Hi ore to ti
dou-n fbmei
rode here a I
flerly. 77i
out wood ■
Hens.
Friday, 0^
^^•^. a fine J
i^^ore, and L
'■■^ piece of I
Sgood meat,a
Wns again ;
|vith the Sey
in pickle lb
hich.thcy
ave cyperic
^od Vid;ua
ric
M
ivc
ay
iny
,alc;
tot
Al
to the Strei^hts of Manelian. 5
thcrn point of the Road hearing vSourli cad from
nie ; (iifiant ahoiu a mile and an IialF; there arc
crnggy Rocks to the South of the Road on the
jhore fide, hut to the Noith a low Tandy fliorc;
the Road is on tlic North well and by Weflpart
ofthe Ifland in r. linall Tandy J')ay,' there's thcSalc-
pond a how's Ihot from the Sea in the low hat
l.and ; frcfli water is vcr\' icarce licrc : J went a-
liiore prcfently after T Ind anchored, and found a
heap of Sail ol nhour 20 'J uns; ] |!.ot aboard a-
!giin immediately, and fent the Long boat alhore,
|v.h c!i brought ofTz 'J'uns and ]; theSulicj^mc in
' fo much that no more could he got oft ; we jjailcd
the Seync here, and caught abundance of good
I Mullets, with fome CavaL'e and filver I'lfli ; one of
the IHanders a Negro came al)oard., w horn 1 fent
afliore to tell the People that if they brought
down (bmc Cattle I wr>uld buy fome of them ; I
rode here all Night; fair , Weather, tlie Wind Jia-
Iflerly. 'ihi-s fide of the Ifiand is dry Jand with-
'out wood; here are many Goats, and Guinea
I Hens.
Friday, 0^7f7(r 29. fair Weather, the wind at
M/T. a fine gale: this Morniagl fent my Boat a-
[jhore, and bought o[ tlie IHandcrs fome Goats at
1: a piece of Eight per Head, and 8 ("o^vs, excel ierit
Igood meat,at 6 pieces ot Iiight aCow, giving the
tkins again ; my men caught a great many Filh
Iwith the Seyne, winch this day we >plit, and laid
lin pickle four Hours, then dried them to keep,
Vhich.thcy will a Jong time in any Climate, as I
lave experienced in other Voyages and are very
jood Viduals at Sea- I made what difpatch T
B J
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fiv
€ Sir John Narbrough'j Voyage
could to be gone for St. yj^^r^Tdard Ihis day in
the Ibrenoon, a fliip palled by to the Weftaard
on the loutb fide otthc Ille,and in the attcrnooii
\vc law fcveral Ihips coining Irorn tlie Nortli.
U'ard, whicli were the Port u:\iieze Fleet bound
for Brazil; they hailed mtoFort /'r^^jinthelllc
oF 6"/. 7^;?;/?, to Aater ; tins night I ^veighed, and
flood away at tvclve a Clock South louth vvcli
ior Fort Fray J, with the Pnk in company : j
tOLich'datti:: lilc of /llay for Silt, which I knew
would be a great help to get l/ruvifions in the
Voyage.
Siiturr/iiy, Oclohcr lo fair wind at North eafl and
by North, a h'clhg.ilc. This Morning Ifteercd
South well ior tlic louth fide oF St.Jago, whci*e
isthcRond of/V/ P/v7v^, lying near South ivtjl
from theRond ot the llle oFA/t/y, and dillant nine
Leagues- Ihis day at 1 1 a Clock I caft my bell
Jjoucr anchor in FortPraya Road, in ten fatiiom
rough Ground, the Eall Point bore Eaft oFme,
and the Well I'oint about Weft loutli-well, about
hair a mile off: J could not get into the bed of
the Road, tlic Portujueze Fleet of about thirty fix-
fail nding in \X. : the Great Padre /T /£■/-;;{?/. Admiral,
bound iiix Brazil, is a very great ihip, and well
built ; they fiy ihe is in burthen 1700 Tuns; flic
hath Ports for tliree Tier of Guns flufli, but now
ilie had but eighty, and poorly manned with Sea-
men, and fo v\ ere n'l the reft ; fix Frigots might
have taken moH: of tlie Fleet. At my coming in
to Anchor, the Admiral fainted me with 7 Guns,
I thnnked liim with as many ; Captain Francii
Wilkfieir in the Jcrufilort^ f.rcd fiye, T returned
'- . him
Ijim thrc
turn'd th
] of the FI(
, clu/ion w
i /lc!eofth(
Gunj, \yh
] tenant ad
, rcr, whici
the Cask
hil'iPQ abc
Su> (i]y^
North call
. went alho
Boats ladii
\stxQ filiin(
. watering j'
off, and ruj
I Men go an
This Bay c
hutafine n
the Eafl fid
the Gallic
no force; tl.
on the Ea!l
North v\efl
and fandy,c
A frcih u at
and tiience
this Water
keeps well j
a finall I/]ar
on it that m
this Road is
the Sircigbts of Magellan, 'j
Jjim three ; fo did tlic Recr Admiral, and I re-
'? turn'd theCoinplcDiciu in the like numbcriicvcral
1 oUhe Meet fired three, v\ liom T anfwcr'd in con-
clufion witlitlirce lor all. I rnile O'l the broad
fide ot the Admiral, and faluted tlic Fort w itli five
Gunj, \yhic|i return'd three ^ then I lent my Lieu-
tenant afliorc to asklcaveof the Governor to wa-
ter, s\hich he granted lortliu irh ; my Coopers got
tlie Cask ready, and tliis tycningputone Doat'5
lading aboard.
Su'diy.Ochler \\. fair Weather, the wind at
Nortli eail, a fine gale. This morning DonCarolus
went alhorc to Fryam j with much ado I got off a
Boats lading of Water, for the P or t ugu eze ISons
were filling too. and a great many Soldiers at the
watering place fivatch'd Ibinc of our mens Hats
ofT, and run away; vsiiereforcX would not let my
Men go any more thii day lor Ix-ar of quarrelling.
This Bay of /V/ Praya, a> they call it. is no Port
hut a fine round I3ay, having high deep Cliffs on
the Eafl fidc^and in the bottom a ficcp H •' v\ In re
the Calllc is, that hath but four Guns aiKi is of
no force; there is a fmall Fort on the top of a "11
on the Eallfide, whicli hath three Guns. On u-t
North well part of the Bay the Ihore is gravelly
and Tandy, and there's a Grove ot Coco niir trees:
A frclh water Rivulet runs down into the Valley,
and thence thro' the Sand foaks into the 5ea :
this Water is in great quantity, very good, and
keeps well at Sea : to theWeft part ot this Bay lies
a fmall Iflandciofe on the ihore, which has Grafs
on it that may be cut ofTfor Cattle, which I did ;
this Road is no fafeguard for (liipping ; fpr a Man
B4
of
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M^^
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t Sir John Narbroiigh'i Fovag^
of War may take any Ship out of the Bay,without
receiving any damage from the Forts afliore, and
with Fire- Ships a vvhf le Fleet may be fpoiled at
pleafure ;for it's a frefli Gale every day, and there's
but two points of Land by which a man may fetch
into any part of the Bay ; alfo the Bay Ues open
to the Sea from the Eafl:, Southerly to the
W.S.W. I called for my Lieutenants and Mafter,
and acquainted them, that I had Orders to fail
from thence to the Coaft of America to the South-
ward of the River of Plate^ to the Streights of
M^^eUan^ through which we were to pafs into the
South 5eas, and that we mud fliape our Courfe to
inake the Hiortcil way of iu, and be careful to keep
Eadcrly enough ot it, to weather the flioals of
Brazil called the Alroholls^ tying in and about
eighttt-n degrees of Southerly Latitude^ for the
Wind blows tor the mod part thereabouts between
the Latitude of ten South, and the Latitude of
twenty South, at Eaft by South, and Eaft South-
eafl: fredi gales: whilfl: this pafs'd, in came the
Mader, and told me all things were flowed, and
the Wind at £.b.N. frelli ; I concluded with him
that our bed Courfe at prefent \yould be South and
by Eafl:, and as we got Southerly and the Wind
grew large, we migiit alter our Courfe when we
would : we (leered a Point or two from the Wind,
that; the fliip might have frefli way through the
Sea. I ordered my Mailer to (leer South and by
Eafl: by the Compafs, and my Lieutenant to call
all hands to Prayer, read Service, and beg'd of God
Almighty ■ a profperous Voyage, continuance in
ticaltb, and love to one another, undthatwt
rnlohi fr of per in tlm Undertakings ^Z, Jn
r
tot
Inftrudlions
mandcr o
loHr\ By
Highnefi,
1659. to
FOUa
jcflies
are Comma
his Majellie
' America to t
along the C
you come
about 53 D
which you a
along the W(
you come as
40 Degrees c
further Ordc
the Commar
Ship the Swe
with her, wb
from or leav^
will anfwer t
have Order I
from the Cor
are alfo to ur
ed by me as ]
difcQver Lane
i
d
It
>
s
h
n
le
r,
il
b-
of
le
to
-P
of
ut
he
ea
of
h-
le
id
m
id
id
vc
d.
le
3y
all
jd
in
\n
to the Str eights of Magellan.
9
Inftrudions for Mr. Humphrey Flemings Com-
mander of his Majefly's hired Pink the Batche-
lour ; By vertue of an Order from Hh Royal
Highnefs^ dated the twenty ninth day of Augufl
i659.tQme direded.
YOU are hereby required to fail with his Ma-
jeflies hired Pmk the Batchelour^ which you
are Commander of, and to keep Company with
his Majefties Ship the Sweepflakes to the Coaft of
America to the Southward of Rio de la Plata^ and
along the Coaft of America to the Southward, till
you come to the Streights oi Magellan ^ lying in
about 53 Degrees of South Latitude; through
which you are to pafs into the South-Sea, and fail
along the Weft Coaft of America Northerly, till
you come as high as BaUavia, which lies in about
40 Degrees of South lat. there you fliall receive
further Orders from me, or i.; my abfcnce, from
the Commander in Chief on board Iiis Majefties
Ship the Sweepflakes, in cafe you keep Company
with her, whofe Company you are not to depart
from or leav^ upon any occafion whatfoever,as you
will anfwer the contrary at your peril, unlefs you
have Order from me fo to do, or in my abfencc
from the Commander in Chief on board her ; You
are alfo to underftand, that you are to be employ*.
ed by me as I iliall fee occafton to employ you, to
difcover Lands, Bays, Havcns^P^ivers or Streights,
The
;>'
iniiii'
ill 'I
,i
,''
jn !i
< I
■•I'.' ' !' m
I o Sir John Narbrough'j Voyage
The deilgn of this Voyage on u hich you are
employed, being to mike a Difcoverv both of the
Seas and Coafls of that part of the World, and if
polTible to lay the Foundation of a Trade there.
You are not to meddle with the Coaft oi America^
nor fend on flipre, unlcfs in cafe of great necelli-
ty, till you get to the Southward of Rio de h
Plata; and you are not to do any injury to fuch
Spaniards ^s you fliall meet with, nor meddle with
any place where, they are planted : You are to
take Obfervations wit!i as much Accuracy as you
can and alfo tocaufe your Mate and Company to
do the like, to obferve all Headlrnds, IHands,
Eays, Havens, Roads, Mouths of Rivers, Rocks>
shoals, Soundings, Courles of Tides, flowings and
ff?ttings of Currents, where you come, both in the
Nordi and South Seas, ^c. and caufe Draughts
and Defigns to be made of them ; and alfo you
arc to take notice o^' all Trade Winds, ^c. you
meet with, and of the Weather, and cfpecially
to obi erve Harbours in theStreights o^ Magellan;
you are in all places where you Land, toobferve
tiic nature of the Soil, and what Fruits, Woods,
Grain, Fowls, and Beads it produces, and what
Stones and Minerals, and what Fifli the Rivers and
the Sea doth abound with ; You are to do your
utmoll to procure o( the Minerals tp carry to Eng-
iznd , and to deliver tliem do Flis Jloyal High-
ness 's Secretary. You are alfo to mark the Tem-
per and Tnchnations of tiie Indian Inhabitants, and
where you can gain any Correfpondencc with
tiiem, you are to make them ienfible of the great
Tower
Tower anc
to the Streighti of Magellan. 1 1
Tower and Wealth oF the Prince and Nation to
whom you belong, and that you are fent onpur-
pofe to let on foot a Xrade, and to make Fricnd-
Ihip with them ^but above all, for the Honour of
our Prince and Nation, you are to take care, that
vour Men do not by any rude Behaviour or In-
juries to tiicm, create an Averfion in them to the
'Enilif}^' Nation ; but that on the other fide they
endeavour to gain their Love by kind and civil
Ufage toward them, and x^'hofoeverihall ad other-
wife, you arc to corrcdl him or them for fo doing,
whicli you are to acquaint your Men with, that
tlif:^ be not ignorant. You are to be careful of
vour i roViri!)ns and Liquor, and to husband it to
the Lefl advan'joge, that there be no waftful Ex-
pcnce made of it, nor of your Ships Furniture, as
Sails, Anchors, Cables,. and Rigging, G^'c and that
you endeavour at ail places w here you come, to
get Provifions^Wood and f relh Water, fo as you do
not endanger your Ship and Men, which you are
to be very careful of, and in no caule to expofe
jany one of your Men to the hazard' of his Life,
but always be careful that they be well guarded,
and be w^atchful , for there have been many cut
m by their own negledl. You are to be careful
to keep a good Command aboard over your
Men, and in cafe any mutinous pradice happen
under your Command , you arc forthwith to
make it known to me. You are to be careful to
[have your Ship kept fvveet and clean for the pre-
servation of your Men's healths : And God prof.
per us.
Givea
ii I-
^ ;
( 1
\ ' i\
#t h^ ■
^1
II
«■
' '
J 2 Sir John Narbrough'j Voyage
Given iindermy Hand on board Ins Majcfty's
Ship the Sweepflake^, riding at the Ifland ot Saint
Jago, in Port Fraya Road, H^vemher 5. 1 669.
y(?i» Narbrough.
To CuptatH Humphry Fleming, Cotyiman^er of tk
Batchelour-Pink, Theje,
Jnflrutiions for the letter finding each other .iffer
feparat'ton by Chance^ foul Wtather^or otherw/Je.
\TOlJ are hereby required to Sail with h's
Majefiies hired Ship the Batchelonr , under
your command, and to keep company with his
Majedies Ship the Sweep/lakes, along ttie Coaft of
America^to the Souths ard ot Rio de la Plata Xol^ort
St. Julian on that Coaft, which lies in about
49 rl. 10 m. South Latitude, which your Draughts
fnention. In cafe of frparation at Sea in this
Voyage from each other, you are to ufe all
means to endeavour to meet again, that is to fay,
by looking well abroad at Sea, and fo to obferve
the Order in your failing Inftrudipns, to know
each otiier at fight : the next Port of Rendezvouz
will be at Port St. Julian^ \y\\ic\\ is an the coaft
of America, as is faid before ; You are to make all
the haft that you can thither, and to ftay for the
Sweep/lakes tliere two whole Montlis, it you get
thither before her, and fhe fliail do the like lor
you ;
1
tot
you. In yo
fed to the S
beftioryou
fee if you c
Bianco whi<
titude, and
to ftay ; yo
//% which
fliall come
you come
nailed to a
the Ship';: r
and the nex
would do tl
do likewife,
to a Pole, b
ihall be pla(
hour at the
a Tent ; pr
do the fam<
opportunit)
long, if I c
you may be
Memorials '
profper our
Given ur
Board the S
St. Jago^ Nc
To Captain
the
to the Str eights of Magellan, 1 3
Vou. In your way thither, after you have paf-
fedto the Southward of Hio tie la Plata, 'twill be
beftior you to fail along the Coaft of jtmerica^ to
fee iF you can fall with me, and to make Cape
Blanco which lies in about 17 ^. 10 w. South La-
titude, and fo to Port St. Julian^ where you arc
to ftay ; you may alfo enquire for me at PortDe-
fir, which lies in about 48 ^. South Lat. If I
ijiall come to any place,and be gone again before
you come thither, I will leave a piece of Board
nailed to a Pole or Tree , engraven, mentioning
the Ship : name, and the day of my Departure,
and the next Port I intend to go to j I defire you
would do the fame ; and at Port St. Julian I will
do likewife, and alfo leave an Order for you tied
to a Pole, being put in a Glafs Bottle ; the Pole?
ihall be placed on the Ifland which lies in the Har-
bour at the Weft End thereof, where I Ihall build
a Tent ; pray be careful to look for it, and I fliall
do the fame for you ; it may be I may have art
opportunity to touch on the Coafts as I fail a-
iong, if I can find any Trade with the Natives ;
you may be furc, where ever I come, to find thofc
Memorials oi my being there before you -.foGod
profper our Intentions.
Given under my Hand at Port Praya Road, on
Board the Sweepftakes riding there at the Ifland of
St. Jago^ Novemi. 5. 1669.
^ John Narbrougbi
'■ ■ ^
to Captain Humphrey Fleming, QorArr.ander of
the Batchelour Pink, — '
Decent"
■ 1
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■ ! ! ;
fii
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*•
;
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I (
iT
T (
14 S/r John Narbrougli'i Voyage
T^Ecemher 4- Many flying Fifli fecn to day, and
Bonetto's, Sharkfiih, and Aiby cores, a Filh
larger than a Bonetto, but of that Mackrtl fvapc,
and feaverilh Dice, they live upon the 1j> .ng
Filh like the Bonetto's • to day we caught lome
of them with Hooks, and one Shark; our Men
eat them both, and account the Shark a good
Fi(h.
Decewher 7. To day the Cooper found two
Buts of Beer had leaked out: this day all ot us
drank Warcr only, ior it was ever my order tiiat
the meanefl: Boy in the Ship flionld have the fame
allowance with ray felt; ib that in general \\ e all
drank of the fame Cask, and eat one fort of Pro
vifion, as long as thc^; lat..ed : I never permitted
any Officer to have a befcr piece of Meat thaa
what tell to his Lot; but one blinded with a Clot 1
•ferv'd every Manas they were calfd to touch and
take, by which means we had never any Di.fer^
cnce upon that fcore. ' •■ : ■
■ Satur/layyDecemher 18. All the Ship'^ Compa-
ny, God be praifed,in goodHealrh= modc/tnem
were let Blood after I had crofs'd tlie Trcpck of
Cancer^ and none troubled with the Calenture in
this Voyage.
Whilll 1 am in the hot Weather I allov a quart
of Vinegar to 6 Mcn/?=f/- Week, and dlfo to eat
with their frclh Fifh , which I divide equ-^lly a-
mong the whole Ship's Company, be it little or
much, or caught by whomfoever.
Friday^ December 14. I find great Difference
within this 48 hours between my dead Account,
as
I The black Cloud
I
tb the Streights of Alagellan.' i ^
^s we call it, which is kept by the Log, arid the
Ibfervarions I made thefe z days when the Sun
ras on the Meridian ; for I find I have gone more
Southerly by 1 2 Miles than the Log allows; I can't
?rceive any variation, and the Log is well kept,
ri the half minute Glafs good ,- I judge the
uurrent fets to the Southward^ now the Winds arc
fcttheEaft, and the Moon near the full. '
December 30. This Afternoon I took an Azt-
nth, and find (\^ degrees ten minutes variation
Elderly, my Obfervation being of a good one ;
[lir Weather to Night at 9 a Clock, Neveles major
m very vifibie in the Heaven, and fecms to be a
piece of the Milky- way broke from it ; the South-
(rnConilcllations appear which are near the Pole
ktarBkk, the Camelion, \.\\t Bird of Paradife,l\iQ
[ail of little Hydra^ and the Water Snake^ which
^re all fmall Stars of the 5th and 6th Magnitude ;
iio Pole dar, nor any Star fit for Obfervation to
[lefeen within 15 degrees of the Pole, xht Cro-
h Stars oi the firft and fecond Magnitude are
bod for Obfervation. and are in this form when
[hey are on the Meridian above the Pole.
didance from the Pole
31 50.
Tk« black Cloud.
*
^ ' *
*
^
Diftance from the Pole,
34'. 50'.
Dillance from the Pole^
33 -10. . .
Diftance from the Polcw
34- 50.
A ■* of the ad. Mag.
Som^
M
1!
.9 1
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iiill
■fl J:
m
H ",
ft
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M
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Hi! >
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ll V
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i6 Sir John Narbrough'j ro)fage
SoraeFouIs flying to and fro,t kind of Seagulls
and Gannct a black Sea-Foul as big as a Pigeon
and fomc large ones of that kind, three Tropick
Birds flying over the fliip of a grey Colour, with
a long fpired Tail as big as Pigeons,
Some Bonetto's taken to day; A great broad
flit Fifh like a Scatc,followingthc Ship, called by
the Seamen a Sfriftg-Ray^ having a long Tail and
a (harp bow at the end of it, when it pricks a
Man it puts him to much pain ; they are called
by fortie Clokefijhes^ the lefler fort ar» good to|
cat.
January 5*. Variation of the Compafs by ani
Amplitude in the Morning 06 </. 46 w. Eafl: ; this
Afternoon I brought the Ship to, and founded
bne hundred and eighty four fathom right dowrij
ismd had no ground ; I being thwart of the Shoals
to
ion). Ea.l ,
Jim open c
Wounded to
pnd iorty fi
E'all, ail Ni
Hvefl a fid by
Clock the
ale ; at elei
ompals, ai
er, iightnini
old hafey V
riving in th
brown cok
ourfe flecrei
ay one mair
nd to flrope
'o^ Brazil caufed me to found, I thought the SeaBun-rinng bv -
look'd whiter than ufual, variation at Sun-fet, ^^iyjvfe^j^j^ ^^
^6 m. Eaft ; little Wind this Afternoon, at Eaftby" ^ » -»- - ■•
North; I made all the Sail I could, Stay- fails,
Steering fails, Boats fail and Bonad venture- mifen,
all fet to draw away Southerly, fome Fowls fly.
ing over the Ship, which we call Men of War '^
they prey on flying Fifh, &c,
January 14. Few Fiilifceri ; now and thciiai
fmall Bonetto taken, fmall Sea-Fowls call'd 5k»ceds for /iii
iVi?^/w, fly ing to and fro, arid x Curlieus flyinglnving by th
to the Eaftward. Boon: many
All tht Ai
fiv'e quite ie
'hales.
tuefday. Ft
ins M cm inf^
ood to the S
eaibivl flyir
January 24. I judge a Current lets out of theBght young
?r of Plate ; for I find nine miles niore td thcBjp 35 ^^ °
River of
Southward than I expected; I have beencarcfuj
of my Courfe and Variation, which is but 18 '
gas an ord
^r» and wei
rnoon a frej
to the Streights of Magellarir i ^
\ioni. Ea.l, by an amplitude taken to Might; I
lam open of the mouth of the River oF ilatei
llounded to Night, but no ground at one hundred
land iorty five Fathom; Wind at North and by
Had, all Night clofe Weather. I itcered South-
wed and by South.
Monday, January 3 T. Calm this Morning ; at 8
Clock the Wind came to the North-weit a fine
;alc ; at eleven a Clock the Wind went round the
ompals, and came to North; with muchthun-
ler, lightning and (bmc rain; very dark Clouds,
;old hafey Weather; feveral ipots of Sea-weeds
Iriving in the Sea, and a great many Sea-fowls of
brown colour fwimming in it : (mooth Water,
ourfe {leered is South-well by my Compafs.This
lay one main fliroud and one fore fliroud broke,
ind to (Irope of the Main jeer block ; Variation of
iun-rifmgby an Amplitude is 19 ^. 43 w^Eaft ; ali
lyMen in good health, God be praifed.
byl All the Alby cores., Bonetto's, and flying Fifli
ilSjBiave quite left the Ship ; no Fifli to be leen but
en,P""
By.
rial
d\
the!
the
81
'hales.
tuefiLiy, Felruary r. Cloudy foggy Weatheif
lis Morning, and little Wind at South-eafi:. I
bod to the South- weflward ; I faw abundance of
peafowl flying to and fro , flriking about the
^'eeds for fmall Fidi, feveral beds of Sea- weeds
Iriving by the Ship; it fell ealna this After-
loon ; many fmall Shrimps about the Ship, and
iight young Seal-fidies clofe to it; they were as
|ig as an ordinary Spaniel-dog, of a black co-
3ar, and went away to the Weftward. This Af-
Ernoon a frella gale at South.fouth-eaft j I (leer'd
C away
; t;
i'
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V
il
''I
1 8 Sir John Narbrough*/ Foy^ge
away Southward and by Weil by my Coinpafs;
the Air as cold Iierc on a Hidden, as 'tis in £«^.
/jW in September . Thefc ^Seas are very much c%
pofed to fudden Gulls and variable Winds; for
the VVind has run round the Conipafs twice or
thrice a day thefc 3 days; the Sea water is dicng.
ed whiter than the ufual colour, whence I conje-
d:ure 1 muH: be in Soundings : alfo by my accoun:!
of Longitude, kept From the Lizard^ I am not
I d, -L^m, off from Land, according to Mercator\
Draught. This Evening I founded , but had no
ground at 130 Fathom; Wind at South a fine
gale: I flecr'd in Well- fouth- weft; at t^a aClocl(|
to Night ; I oblcrved the W^ater to riple as if
were over a Ihoal , and had ground at fevcntyl
Fathom ; I caufed the Head- fails to be braced io|
the Maft, and founded ; fine red Sand inclining
to grey at 70 Fathom.
February 1. Meridian diftance from the Liz.ni\
Weft: 839 Leagues, 2 Miles fo; Longriide ail
Noon from the Lizari Weft 49 ^e^ 43 w, littlfl
Wind this Afternoon, and fair Weather; wchyl
Ibmetimes one way, fometim.es another; Wind if
South- weft and by South, a fmall gale. I hoiileij
out my Boat, and founded, but no ground at 1.
l^athoms .• I tried the Current with my Boar, \A
found little or none worth notice : the Sea riplel
in many places ; I founded on them, but no ground
at 108 Fathom ; feveral Beds of Sea weed dnvinJ
to and fro in knots; thefe Weeds are five or lij
Fathom long, in ftritfgs , with broad Leaves o|
them of a brown colour; at the root hangs a Clc
or Rock of 2 or 3 pound weight; feveral Se^
Fov\|
to the Strcights of Magellan. 19
Fowls (lying tnd r\vimniin[:!; near thcvShip; it be-
in(T cjuite calm, my Men kili'J tome of them with
their Birding-pieces , for they were very tame ,
not moving at the report ot a Gun ; they arc
very like to >ea Gulls, and good meat ; fome Seals
an J Whales ken.
February f. Were fecn fcvcral beds of Rock-
weed and >ea Fowls, much hke Gannets; fome
[black, others uhite, pied, and grey; (mall Seal-
ifillies like to many 13ogs, for their Heads refemble
,Bull dogs, which they'll keep above Water a long
Itime, and look at the Ship, they are very nimble
iat div.ng and skipping out of the Water. This
[Alternoon at feven a Clock T was in the Latitude
f 41 degrees South i and in Longitude, Wed
bin t\\t Lizard oi EngLuid^ 5*2 deg. and 5*0 min,
nd in Meridian dillancc from the Lizard 8 9 5;
eagues ; Meridian diftance from Port Pray a j
16 Leagues, Longitude from FortPr^vay WefV,
6//. 34 w.
This Night I advifed with Don Carolus where
it would be bed for us to hale m With the Land,
in what Latitude, or at what Cape or Harbour on
his Goad of America, being now to the 6'out!i-
ard of the River ol Vlate, and according to my
:nilru6tions, before tlie Coall to* be ddcover'd ,
nd a Tfade fct on foot with the Natives ; Ht:
ounfcld me f n?iight do what! would, for he did not
ivinBindcrilanJ the Goad, nor where 'twas inhabited •
ir iiwvas his whole Difcourfe m the Vo\age, that
s olie had been here in a Galley, and knew all the
CloKoails from the River of Piate to the St r eights ,
SeMnd thorow the Stre/ghts all along the Wed Goad
o>'.i C 2. to
S;
;^-
or
or
ijc-
unt
not
'oh
i no
fine
lock
if 11
enty
id 10
Lning
( .'
li
I '
' '1
F
i /
ao Sir John Narbrough'x Voyage
to Balrlav/a ^nd Lhna ; being arrived here, as far
as I can perceive by him , he knows nothing of
the matter, nor any thing appertaining to Navi.
gacion; all I can fancy of him is, that he may
have liv'd with a Welt /•/<7/^« Govcrnour, whom
he has heard talk of thcfe Parrs.
February 8. At 7 a Clock this Afternoon the
Wind came to the Wcfl-fouth-uen:, a ftiffgale. I
(lood to the Southward ; much Rock- weed pafs'd
by the Ship to day, and feveral Sea Fowls fecn;
very cold for the Seafon, being Summer, which
Doft Carolus begali to complain of, and told me,
He did not think we flionld iiave come fo far
Southerly ; I iliew'd him by my Plates how far
we were to go through the Stre/ghts, and along
the WellCoaft; he faid, The Spaniards went to
Chile a nearer way ; I anfwcred, 'Twas into the
River of Flate^ and over Land, which we could
not do.
My Company are all in good Hcalth,but feme
of a puny Race grow weak in being fo long on
Ihipboard; I give them Vinegar once a Week
which is very good to prevent the Scurvy in their
Mouths ; alio I order'd every Man to wafli his
Mouth, Fuoc and Hands before he receive his
daily Allowance of Bread , and appointed onci
Man to fee it performed ; If any negleded it,thi
Steward kept their Allowance for one day; like
wife every Man is commanded to keep himfel
clean,and free from Liccupon forfeiture of his dii
ly Allowance to the Party accufing him; by thcfj
means the Ship is kept neat, fweet and clean, th
the dirty foggy Weather is a great Enemy toth
Difcipline, h
Tehruar
/ifrv and /
uit.'i fome
uccd , Scj
European Si
fov\ is flyii
^'ea, fwimr
U\\Q Aftern<
gale and a \
Iclofehaled i
toU'induar
now in blow
^(t^rs along
the Sea run;
Montiay, j
M eight thj
U'cil of me
[founded, anc
)a[id ; dill I
and makes
•ea^cfe, but
looks reddilli
khicli wasCa
e about t\v
and at the F,
The Land
ie,Southweft
■r Hde, but u
'fi top,a little
Hills and V
'binary heigh
l^aced the He;
liour till the
J. .
I:
f
the Streighti of Magellan, 1 1
February 19. T rounded oi'ren today, and liaJ
fifty and firty three Fathom^ dark black Sand,
uith fome briglit Zinc Sand in it ; fieds ot* Rock-
uecd, Seals, and Porpolfcs, fucli as arc in the
European Seas, fcen to diy ; three Whales, many
Fowls flying about , and fome Penguins in the
iiea, (Wimming near the Ships; at 2 a Clock in
the Alternoon the Wind was at £. b. S. a flout
gale and a great Sea ; I flood to the Southward ,
dofe haled under my Courfes ,• the Pink halt a Mile
|to Windward oi me under her's; flie out fails us
Jnow it blows, and puts us pall ourTopfails, and
ljj|(lcers along with us with only her Main fail fet;
the Sea runs lofty. ,
Monday^ February 1 1 . At a quarter of an hour
pad eight this Morning, I faw the Land bearing
iWcil; of me , and dillant about 4 Leagues : I
bunded, and had ii Fathom ; fmall Stones and
iaiid ; flill I flood in Wed by my Compafs. The
and makes but an ordinary heighth tov\ ards the
ea fide, but Farther up, round high Hills , and
g|^ looks reddiili ,* the Northermoll Land I (X)uld fee,
l^glvhich was Cape Blanco, bore North north weft of
l^jjine about two Leagues , and the Southcrmoft:
l^jjland at the Face ot tlie Cape.
onti ^^^^ Land trented away to the Southward of
^|j{lie,Southwefl:erly,ol"an ordinary height by the VVa-
ikc*'' ^^^^' ^^^ "P ^" ^^^^ Land are Hills likeTables on
(ejlhe top,a little higher than the rell;the Land makes
jjiji Hills and Valleys all along, like Downs of an
l^jfMrdinary heighth ; at nine a Clock this Morning I
^j^Jraced the Head-fails to the Malf, and lay Ip half
th# hour till the Fog cleared up, that I might make
ir
)f
i.
m
he
.1
Vd
?n;
ichl
ne
iar
ong
: to
the
puld
)mc
on
he
n It'
1
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z 2 Sir John Narbrough'j Fovage
the Lanci plainly, being v\ithii; five Miles of the
ihorr lit'e. which made a kind of Bay, breached
on tlie ihore: I lounJed, and at 17 Fathom had
roiigli ground, with (ome Imall ftones drawn up
in the 1 allow or the Lead, which was dinted by
Rocks: Between nine and ten a Clock there was
a line clear by which T Taw the Land very plain-
Jy ,* It look d rcddi'-i like feared Grafs ; no VVoods
to hcf-en on anyot" the Hills or Valleys, butal!
as bare as the Gra^s-Downs in England: I durft
nor fend my boat a Ihore iorfear ot lolinghcrin
the ^'og, or being funk at the fnore, whereon the
Sen breaks very much: tlie Wind was at North
an i^y Eail, a iVclh gale blew almoft along the
iliore, and being out but 24 hours before, made
the Sea run higi : the Lan J lies by the .Sea fide
South fouth welt, andNcrth north-cad, as faras
J could fee to the Southvyard ^ no fire or fmoakl ^c^c \s in Bi
to be feen upon the Land. ■ places the *:
Courfe made true after feveral Courfes, frcml ^^'Ofth end c
yePrrday Noon, till to day at nine a Clock, whenlcopiing up
T was \ Leagues olF the Land; true Courle isl grey colour
AVrit 6e/. 50 w Northerly diilance; failed fittyi runs here, b
m les feven tenths. Departure Well: , fo miles* ^ little more
diilerence o' Longitude Well i d Ff w.difFerenceio^the Main
of Latitude North od. 6 m. Latitude by accounti about it by
is 4-7 ^. < 4 w. South ; noObfervation thcfe thiJlo^v^ and lane
days, being foggy Weather. land HiJis,
Meridian diltance from the Lizar(/Wc([ loijnliere. Om
Leagues i mile, ytentlis, Longitude at 9 a Clockl'^ca ^owJs ,*
from the Lizard Well, 6i d ^6 m. 6 tenthsWand, from a
Longitude irom Fort Pr^yaVicg, 44 deg. '^^mMCmlle-f^id/.j
i^entlis. Meridian ditlance from PortFraya ^Veijcraggy j^ock.
i
-^IfLeag
I concii
bourin th
u e fav\', u
it, which ii
Tort Drfier
i\v\ fevera
Thurfr/ay
Well noith
the Top m
ing no /'gh
Tort Defter ,
Morning,
'^ijip;I wer
Northward,
about two ]
f 23 )
-3 5* Leagues, i mile, ^ tenths. V^arlation of the
Compais Eadcily, r 8 Degrees.
1 concluded we Iiad fiiot pall Port Defter Har-
bour in the Fog • for the Iflands and Rocks vvliicb
ue favv. were /V;#^«/;/, and other lllcs lying about
it, which lies to the Southward of the Harbour of
Tort Drfien Many Seals, Pcnguins,pied Porpoifes,
and feveralSea Fowls, fe/c. iecn today.
Tburfrlay, FeLr. -L^. Ha fey Weather ; Wind at
Weft north- wed, a freih gale. I lent Men up to
the Top mad- head to look abroad,* this Morn-
ing no f'ght of the Pink, I judge Hie mud be in
fort Defier : I weighed about 8 a Clock this
Morning, and dood to the Northward with my
Ship ; I went in my Pinnace along the fliore to the
Northward, whild the Ship fail'd in the Offing,
about two Leagues from the fhore : The flior-s-
fide is in Beaches and fcatter'd Rocks ; in many
places the Tide of Flood was with us : At the
North end of Seals Bay, lies a fmall rocky Illand
copling up like a Haycock. It is cover'd with
grey colour'd Fowls Dung,- a ver> drong Tide
runs here, between the Ifland and tlie Main , 'ciK
a little more tlian a Cables length from the Point
|oithe Main; there s a great many broken Rocks
jabout it by the Sea-fide.; here the main Land is
low and landy, up the Country in large Downs
and Hills, without Wood or Ireili Water any
wliere. On thisldand are abundance of Seals, and
Sea ^ owls ; we gave it the namjt; of Tomabaiikel-
Hand, from an /;/^/jw Club lod here, called by the
kdrihhe-Imfians at Surhmn> a Tow.ihnnke ':> 'tis^all a
[craggy Rock, a little bij^ger than ScMl-IJlm^^ and
C 4 is
■(■ '
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24 5/V John Narbrough'j Voyage
is eight Leagues to the North north-eaft: diftant
from it to the North- weft of this Ifland, is a deep
rounding Bay call'd in the Charts Spirings Bay^
wherein he three fmall Tflands oi an indilterent
height: the Land in the Country over this Ba}',
is large high Hills ; Rocks lie in the North part
oFtlie Bay ^ I crofs'd it in the Pinnance.and found-
ed as I went over , and had 11 Fathom, rough
ground in the mid-vay: 'tis {^vcn Miles broad,
and near 3 Leagues deep; it rounds with a turning
up to the North north vvellward, behind a Pome
jartherthan T faw ; upon which rounding Point
fiand black Rocks , which make like a ragged
i3uilding, and a7ower in it. At my coming in
with the Land, I faifd clofe under this fliore with
my Boat ; the ihore is lleep , black Rocks , and
low Bays, with Pebble Hones and fandy Beaches;
green Grafs on the Hills, no Wood nor frcdi \\ a-
tcr to be (een ; at the North eaft Point of this
Spirings Bay, the Land makes out full like a fore-
land ; a fair high Land in large plain HHls , with
fandy fmall Bays .• at the '-\ice of this Foreland
lie fix rocky Iflands ; oneisaMusket fliotoff the
Main, the reft farther off; the outwardmoft is the
biggcft, a Mile from the Point of the Main, and
is called PerigtuH Ifland; it is mdiflerent high at
the ends, und low in the middle ; 'tis near three
quarters of a Mile long , North north eaft and
South-fouth weft, and near half a Mile broad Eafl
and Weft; it is all craggy Rocks, except in the
loweft part of the middle,which is gravelly, and in
the Summer time has a little green Grafs ; the great
black G an nets lay their Eggs here, and the Pen-
guins,
to X
j gains, all
■\Q(ks m F
\ the tops of 1
[of it; the n
Fovvlupon t
them thatn(
each Creatui
jtlie/lx Tftan
jlrequent the
[tfiera, and to
ns, in lef«
[rakcn three 1
Jiiould have <
(ill Flocks to
Jt.vo or three
liiort Trunclit
Itiie Boar ; the
pr avoid eni
jtothe North v(
broken Rocks
ds, and w
V-^V^s a great
file Tide, re vei
flifr Tii^t : to
sBay, four L
|eep;intheN
mDefler.whi
bring North
lant about :j L
(lyarefteep u
p upper par
)-vn a fourth
kdown on it
1
i
to the Streighu of Magellan; 2 y
gains, all over the Ifland upon and under the
Rocks in Holes. Seals lie all about the fides.on
the topsot thehighed: Rocks, and in the middle
otit; the number of Seals, Penguins and Sea-
Fovvlupon thefe Idands, is ahnoft incredible to
them that never faw them ; tor the multitude of
each Creature thats there daily, is numberlefs:
tl>e fix THands are full of Seals, but the Penguins
frequent the biggeft mod. I put afliore at one of
ihera, and took into my Boat three hundred Pen-
puins, in lefs than half an hour, and could have
taken three thou fa nd in the time, if my Boat
would have carried 'em ; for 'tis but driving 'em
r, Hocks to the Ihorc, by the Boat fide, \^here
It vo or three Men knock them on the head with
jlhort Truncheons, and the reft heave them into
the Boat ; the Seals will run over a man, if he does
inot avoid em : mean time the Ship was ftanding
othe Northward : About 1 Leagues off many
roken Rocks and foul Ground lie amonrr thefe
Hands, and without the Point oi theoutermoft it
makes a great Ripling, which is the ftrcngth of
he Tidejeverfed jrom the lilandscigainft the o-
lier Tide : to the Northward of thefe Idands is
Bay, four Leagues long, and a League and half
leep; in theNorthweft thereof lies theHarbour of
^rtDefier,\\\\\c\\ v\'e could fee WomPeM^umlJlayids^
earing North north weft Irom Pen^Min Jjland^t^u
ft Bant about 3 Leagues.- About the middle of this
|he Bay are fteep white Cliffs, near two miles long;
inllie upper part of the Cliff has black ftreaks
atlo'Vna fourth part, caufed by the Water drain-
n-fcdown on it: the Laud is plain on the top of
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16 Sir John Narbroiigh'j Foyage
thefe Cliffs, but further irvto the Country higii
rounding Hills and Downs, and toward tlie Wa-
ter fide low. On the vSouUi part of the Bay ar.
craggy Rocks on the Main like great Walls ; near
the lea there's a Tandy Cove, to hale a Boat up
in foul weather: the Cove isjuft under thele
Wall lil«5 Rocks.
SaPurday, Feb, 16. Fair weather, the Wind s
, ji
at
Weil, a fliff gale. 1 kept a Light out all night,
that the Pink might fee ir (he came along; the
jirit part of the night a great Fire was made on
the iliorc for the lame purpofe.- Cold wcatiier :
This morning at 7 a Clock I manned both my
Boats, and went into the Harbour ; the Ship rode
moored at the Harbour- mouth,within iheMufcle.
bank, in llx Karhom at low water; I fent my Men
upon the Hills on the North fliore to iook a-
broad for the Pink, and made a Fire in the dry
Grafs, that The might fee the fmoak if flie were
thereabouts, but they could not fee her. I found-
ed the Harbour in many places to day at low wa-
ter, -and found it a v^cry good one for great Ships
to ride in, provided they have good Cables anJ
ilnchors. I fcarched the Ihore, but iou nd noi
Wood, and very little I'refh water. On the HiLvi
and large Downs, very few Bullies, but dry, long
Grafs growing in Tults and Knots. The Soil is
gravelly and dry, in fome Valleys well mixt\vitii|
black Mould : no People, fire or fmoke but uui
own, to be fecn. 1 law fcveral places where rhc)j
had lain, behind Bufliesupon Grafs, which the\j
had plucked up, and that they had made fmail
tires, and roafvcd Limpets and Mufcles; The
l3^
lay Wool],
of Flints. ]
ycftcrday '
had been a
;vhcre. exo
This day wi
bour,fothai
a half into 1
Rocks grov^
g''e."n leave<
green Pcafe
tangled tog(
much like 'J
low flowers ^
but grow in
Thele Herb;
6allad to re
Scurvy; fbr\
my Men wer
of very gooc
and an Iflai
Fowls ; In t
Ducks,fbiriC
and other le;
Rocks and B
Me Jfjands,
5hags in thej
fHidve difco
Fowls and oti
them hereaft
ningto blow
[Fowls, and w
''ided all thin
to the Str eights of Magellan. z 7
jay Wooil, Feathers, bones of Beads, and fliivers
of Flints. 1 went to a Flag which I left on a Hill
ycftcrday with Lkads at it, but finding no body
had been at it, let it ftand. No Beads feen any
'.vhere. except two Hares running overthe Hills :
This day we were taken up with viewing theHar-
bour,ib that we did not advance above a mile and
a half into the land. In the Valleys between the
Rocks grow abundance of wild Peafe, which had
rve°n leaves and bluifh bloffoms, both tailing like
crrccnPcafe leaves in/t;7g/^W growing on vines and
tangled together ; alfovery fweet fmelling herbs
much like Tares, very green, and white and yel-
low flowers; likewifc green herbs much likeSage,
but grow in knots near the ground like Lettice ;
Thele Herbs with the Peafe leaves, make a good
Sallad to refrelh fuch as were inclining to the
Scurvy; for want of which freili Trade feveralof
my Men were tailing into it. Here are abundance
of very good Mufcles and Limpets on the Rocks,
and an Ifland frequented by many Seals, and
Fowls : In the River were pied Divers as big as
Ducks,foine of 'em grey and black iliags; Ducks
and other fea-Fowls breed on them amongft the
.Rocks and Buflies. To day I went upon one of
thefe Tflands, and caught as many young black
Shags in their nefts as loaded the Pinnace ; when
I hdve difcover'd better the particulars of the
Fowls and other things feen here, I will mention
them hereattcr: Night coming on, and it begin-
ning to blow hard, I went on bosrd with Herbs,
fowls, and what clfe I had got to day ; and di-
[vided all things equally among the Company ,the
Boyjj
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Boys Dividend being as large as my own, or any
Man's ; it blew very hard this Evening, and look-
ed very black in the South weft,an ordinary gale;
I kept a Light out all Night in the Poop for the
Pink: this day all the Company eat of young
Seals, and Penguins , and commended them for
good Food : I judged this a very fit Harbour to
fit the Ship in, for the main Maft mud be un-
rig'd, and a new gang of ilirouds fitted, and Bal.
lall be had ; and it might be a means to fall in
with the Pink j for from the tops of the Hills
we could fee a great way into the Sea, fo that if
fhe iliould come near the Coaft: , wc couM not
mifs her.
VVc found 2 Springs of frefli Water, one in a
Valley clofeby the Water fide, in a gully above
the Ship, half a mile up the River ; the other up
a Valley between the Rocks, jufl a-brefl where
the Ship rode, about half a mile from the River's
fide, right from Coopers-Bay in the fame Valley;
thcfe Springs are but finall.and the Waters a little
brackiih or faltifli ; for in the dry Valleys the
Earth is naturally faltilli ; the Groun-^. and Rocks
have a white rhime of Salt petrc hanging on them.
I went into the Land z miles North weft , and
faw the Country hilly , and dry Land withoui
Wood or Water ; fome craggy Rocks and Valleys,
low, but dry and of a Salt-petre nature ; here and
there fome Bu flies with prickly Branches , and
Leaves like White Thorn Bufties in Etiglancl ; the
leffer Buflies have fmall dry Gauls growing on I
them, with a fmall dry Seed as hot in the Mouth
ss Peppeif ; not a Tree to be feen : the Soil is gra'|
vclly
to the Streights of Magellan. 29
velly and Tandy generally, with tutrs of dry iear-
ed Grafs growing on it : I digged in feveral places
but iaw nothing but gravelly Sand and Rocks ;
no forts of Metals or Minerals ; I looked alfo a-
mong the broken Rocks for Metals, but favv no
fign oi any ; From the tops of the Hills I could
fee a great way into the Land, which is all Hills
land Downs lik^ Cornwall : toilfom travelling to
jthofe that were not ufed to it ; I could travel as
far in an hour as many of my Men couW in two •
Itoday we iaw nine Beads iceding on the Grafs,
very like Deer, but larger, and had longer Necks,
(but no Horns; reddiili colour'd on the Back and
aloft , whitifli under their Beilies and up their
Flanks ; when we had got within a Furlong of
Jthem they fell a neighing like Horfes, one anfwcr-
^P |ed another, and then all run away.
Tuefday, March i. Fair Weather this Morning,
Wind at North, a fine gale and a cold Air. This
Forenoon I filled the Casks out of the Spring, and
them deeper : I fet up a long Pole with a
white Cloth upon it, on a Hill near a mile into
he Land, where 'twas mod likely to be feen by
he Inhabitants ; with it I left Beads, a Looking-
lafs, a Knife, a Hook and an Hatchet, to invite
he People ot the Country tolhew thcmfclves, for
was willing to lee 'em, that I might difcover
hat they had ; but though I went about the
ills this Afternoon, I could fee neither People,
ire, nor Smoak. I faw tiiree Oftriches, but could
or get near enough to make a iliot at them ; they
ere feeding on Grafs, and at firft fight of me ran
way ; I had a Greyhound with me, which I turn'd
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3 o Sir John Narbrough'j Voyage
loofc upon 'em, who gave chafe to one of tliem,
and at lad gave her a turn, which (he recovered,
took to the Hills, and fo efcaped .- they are grev
coloured, and larger than a great Turky-cockin
England; thcy can't fly, but have long legs, and
truit to their running. I fa^v two handfuls of
Wooli among the Grafs, where the Natives had
made a Fire ; it was Sfanijh red Wool I. which
they bring out of India^ and very fine; I brought
it away with me, and fet the Greyhound at ^ of
the large Beads like Deer,but they were too fwift
for him ; Night coming on, I returned on board;at
7 a Clock this night the wind came to the North,
a freHi gale, and hafey weather; no f ght ofl
the Pink to day : T could fee a long way on the]
Sea ; at lo a Clock it rain'd, and the wind came
to the South Eajl.
Friday^ March 4. Fair weatlier this Morning,!
the wind at Ead, a fine gale, I went afliore and
filled freOi water,the reJl of the feamcn fitted Rig-
ging. This. day at r 2 a Clock I went with both the |
Boats, and forty Men to Seal Ijljnd into the har-
bour, every Man with his Stafi and Club : Wei
landed, drove the Seals up together, befet them
round, and in halt an hours time killed 403
young and old ;• flriking them on the headl
kills them prefently. As foon as they were knocktl
down we cut their tliroats, that they mghtj
bleed well whihl they were hot ; the'i loading bot!i|
the iioits with them, 1 carry 'd them to the Baj
where the Tent was, landed, and laid th^^n upon
the Rocks ; to night the Boat t'etch't them all
the great Male Seals are as big as Calls, and rej
fernlli
to the Streights of Magellan. 3 i
[lenible a Lion in their fliaggy Necks, Heads and
|[acc8, as well as in their Roar ; the Females are
like Lioncdes before, only they are hairy all over
ike a Horfe, and fmooth, and the Male is Imooth
|all over his hind parts ; their Ihape is very deior-
|med, for their hind part tapers till it comes to a
point, where grow two Fins or Feet, two more
m'^ out of their Bread ; lb that they can go on
jnd a great pace, and climb Rocks and Hills of
good height : they delight mnrh to lie and flcep
lalhore ,• Tome arc very large, iipv\ ards of cigh-
leen Foot in length, and thicker al)out than a i3ut
[n the Bilge,and exceiiive fat : there arethoufands
prtecn foot long, the common fort are about
[ji'e foot,and all very fat ; thcy'l gape at you when
jou come to them, as if they wou'd devour you,
Ind 'tis labour enough for two men to kill one of
he great ones with a Hand-lpikc, which is tlic
yk Weapon for that purpofe.
Saturday^ March 5-. Fair Wcatlier, Wind at
foutli-wefl:, a fine gale. This morning we went a-
lore to flay feme ^eals,and cut thcBodies in good
indfome pieces, and faked it up well in Bulk on
Deal boards aliiore, that the Blood might drain
bin it : tlie Meat looks as v.ell and as white as
.?.mb, and is very good Vicl'dals now, but when
[isa little fait, it will cat much better : thofe we
Irels'd were all young .Seals, lor tlu:yfuck"d their
lams, who as fbon as they come aiiiorc blcat,im-
jiediately come her young ones, and bieat about
Icrlike Lambs, and fuck lier; one old Female
|ckles iouror fiVe, and beats away other voung
pes that come nc?.r, whence I beUeve they have
four
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3 2 Sir John Narbrough'j Voyage
four or five at a time ; the young ones \\ Iiich wc
killed and eat, were as big as a niidiing Dog; u-
cut the fat off the Great ones, and made Oil of
it for the Lamps, and otiicr ules in the Ship jthe
Oil oi the young ones we tried, and eat with our
Provifions; it is very lucct and good to fry any
Food with ; our Men will have it to be as ^ood as
Olive Oil; mod of my Men to day gather d oi
thofe green Peafe leaves and otlicr Herbs for .Sal-
lads, which fome eat raw, fonie boil'd; it is re
frelhing to their bodies.
Sunday^ March 6. Blowing U'caihcr, Wind at
Weft : This day, atter i'rayers, I went a lliorc on
the South fide of the River, and travell'd eight
miles into the Land, South well and by Well, ha-
ving twelve armed Men with me ,- my Licute.
nantwent up the River, in the Boat, nine or ten
miles, to fee for People thai way ; my other Lieu-
tenant went on the North fide with ten armed
Men, to fee for I'eople and view tlie Land : I
found in my Travels one of thofe great Beallsjike
a Deer , dead and whole, the Vermin had not
touched him ; all his Back had pretty long Wool
of the colour of dried Rofe leaves, and down his,
fides, his Belly white Wooll ; he was as big as a
fmall Colt, he had a long Neck , a Head l.kc ai
Sheep, fo wa«^ his Mouth and Ears ; his Legs very
long , and Cloven tooted like a Deer , a fliortl
bulliy Tail of a reddidi colour ; no Horns nor e-
ver had anv. it w as a Male : T believe thefe Bead:
are Peruvian Sheep , (Gukanacoes^ 1 had his PauncI
opened, and fearched ior the Bezoar ftoneinitj
and in the Pipe to the Stomach, I turned them in
fidi
to
lidc outwai
Indian Spa>
Bezoar Hom
this, "^/hich
veiling to d
times ten t
get near em
like young
nine Ollricl
come vvithii
at them, bui
faw a Fox, a
which the G
like E»gli/h 1
of a Tail, hi
without Hai
like Coneys
Bullies like V
1 Tandy grav
very high,
nothing but
frelh water ii
Winter-time
vcral places (
occafioned b
Here are no F
farfhefl, and
|oF People, or
'is far 2s wc c
[Kites, which
iBirds Yikt Spa
Humble-bees
Fimals runn
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to the Strcights of Magellan. ^ 3
fide outward, but found none. I In 1 Irard Pf V//
Indian Spaniards {ly^ that they have taken the
^ezoar Hone of Guianacocs, and therefore open'^^^r
this, which 1 take to be the fame Be all. In rra-
veiling to day I faw fevcral Herds of them lotne-
dmes ten thirty or forty together : T could not
get near enough to flioot at tlicrn .- They ne gh
like young Horfes, and fo wander av\a\ . I liv
nine Ollnches, but they would nor {\['m r m^ to
come within fliot oi them ; I lf.t the Greyhound
at them, but they out- run h.mup the Fills. V^'e
faw a Fox, a wild Dog, ?,nA five or fix Hares, of
which the Greyhound kdled one ; they nre fliap'd
like £«^///^ Hares, and much larger, and m lead
of a Tail, have a little flub about an incti long,
without Hair on it; they have holes in the ground
like Coneys .• no Woods to be feen onl\ a lew
Bullies like White-Thorns. The Land i«- dry, of
ifendy gravelly Soil, in large rounding Hills, not
very high, but in Downs and Valleys, bearing
nothing but Grafs ; here and there are gullies of
frelh water in the Valleys, which is made in the
Winter-time when the Snowdiflblves. I law le-
veral places of fait water in the Land, which is
occafioned by the natural faltnefs of the Earth:
Here are no Fruits nor Herbs. When I was at the
fartlieft, and on a Hill, I could not fee any (ign
ortBof People, or Woods, but dill Hills and Valhes
r e-Hasfar as we could defcry ; no Birds to be feen but
Kites, which are like thofe in Europe, and fmall
Birds like Sparrows, and Linnets ; Ibme 1 lies and
Humble-bees here : we faw fome fmall lour footed
Animals running in the Grafs ; fpeckled-Grey,
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IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-S)
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Photographic
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Corporation
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fhaped like a a fmall Creature in England c^\\t6 an
Eft,Newt,or Lizard; no Adder nor. Snake,nor air,
venomous Creature ; Cattle would live here very
well, fuch as Horfcs, Cows, Sheep, Goats,fe'f.
Evening growing upon us, I returned to the ihip ..
and 'twas within Night when we got aboard our
Boat, and ten a Clock when we cnter'd the Ship;
I found on Board my Lieutenant that went up the
River, but they which went on the North/ide
were not comeback : up the River they fawfive
fmall Illands, which had Sea Fowls on them and
Bulhes for fcwel : the River grows broader up-
ward9,and hasfeveral Rocks in it .• on the (hore
they iaw Guianacoes, Oflriches and Hares; no
People, Fire or Smoak: they faw where people
had been, and Fires made, and Mufclesand Lum-
pets roafted : No frefli water, nor Wood, nor any
Metal or Mineral ; the Land hilly with Grafs on
it. At li a Clock at Night thofe that went
on the North fide came aboard ; they had been
about 8 miles into the Land North- wed, and
faw no people, but found where people had been,
and made Fires in the Grafs, and Grafs laid to
fire the Buihcs ; alfo where fome had lain on open
places, and fet little Bulhes in Half Moons,to Mj
ter them from the Weather : on the top of a Hill|
they made a fire with Grafs, to fee if any vvouli
anfwerthem ; they fat down by it all day, bui
could fee none made any where elfe. The Lan
is in rounding large Hills, not very high,but lifc
Downs, astheCoafl: on^ork/hirezhoutBurlingtoH^
no Woods nor Trees feen, nor Frefli Water
here and there aBulh growing in a Valley ; indii
lere
to
ferent goc
and fome J
O/lr.c/ies,
tares like E
neral or Mi
in any GulJ
Grains of C
found in Gt
ishund in i
kndred Lei
Petre hangs {
[ikind of Flo
luith were as
I faw Smelts
on the ihore
[Oydcr, or 01
>ab, though
ill. Whilft ■
Seal chafed
ind like a Mu
ire/led it, w
•nfgood.Hei
maintain all ri
lat Jive upc
^trcam fat, a
ps what Cj
ve ken Seal
'Cir Heads at
louths.
SuHi/ay, Mar
^eft, a fre/1
*ent up the
b armed.-
i li' ■
, /
Y
c.
ur
P;
he
ide
ive
ind
to the Streighti of Magellarir j 5
ferent good Grafs j the So. I gravellx and Tandy
jnd fome Ridges oi Rocks. 1 hey faw Guianacoei,
Odriches, Hares and Kites ; feveral 1 rtlc Lrea
tures like Etts ^ no kind oF Fruit or I3crrv, Mi-
neral or Metal. I charged them asthty Lravellcd
in any Gullies where water had run to fr arcn 'or
Grains of Gold, or other Metal. <^c. tor Goh^ ii
found iri Grains in (uch Gullies and much Ciold
is found in the Land on the other fide, noc tAci
hundred Leagues diUant from u% ; much Salt-
Pf^rf hangs on the Earth where VVatfr lias been in
^P" la kind ot Flower : the Plillies of water thev met
ore
Ifaw Smelts iiere eighteen inches long lymgd' ad
jon the lliore ; but hitherto have not fc^n one
pyftcr, or other Shell fifti, Crawfilli Lobier or
rab, though 'tis poflible the place may have 'em
11. Whiiil we were (landing by the Water fide.
Seal chafed on fliore a Filh 2i< h'-ge as a Mackrcl
,nd like a Mullet j one of the men took it up, and
refled it, when he came on Board 'twas excel-
nt good. Here mud be a great quantity of Fidi to
aintain all the Seals, Penguins,and of her Fowls
lat live upon nothing elle, and yet are all
trcam fat, and innumerable in mukitude; be-
ides what Creatures we have not feen yet ; I
ve feen Seals in this Eiarbour fwimmirig with
cir Heads above Water, with large Fiilun their
Souths.
hnJay^ March i ;. Indifferent Weather, Wind
Weft, a frelhGale : The Air cold this morning,
went up the Rivet in my Boat with tourteen
marmed.- I part the Ifland, where the brufhy
D % BulheS
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r 6 Sir John Narbrough'j Vouge
Buflics are, and where we took the young Shags :
there the River grows broader, near a mile from
the North flic re over to the South, and conti-
nues that Breadth four miles : then it be-
comes narrower, and turns away to the South-
weft ; at this turning is an Ifland of a mean height,
and Rocky, bearing fome fmall Euflies and Grafs:
I went upon it, and faw a Poft of five foot long
fet up Tit had been the timber of a ShipJ with a
piece of Board about a foot (quarc nailed to it, at
the foot of it one of my Men took up a piece of I
Sheet- Lead, and gave it to me, it had this In.[
fcription graven on it,
M D C X V.
EEN SCHIP ENDE EEN I ACHT GENAEMl
EENDRACHTEN HOORNGEARRIVEERT
DEN VIII DECEMBER VER TROKEN MET lli
SCHIP D'EENDR ACHT DEN X: IANVARY:MDCXv|
C : lACQVES LE MAIRE
S. WILLEM CORNS SCHOVTS
ARES CLASSEN
IAN CORNS SCHOTS
CLAES lANSSEN BAN
Jn a hole <
(which wc
the Hole;
in it, butf
'twas not t
on a Board
Year and A
brought aw
place Le M
pieces oi Be
had been bi
the Tide: :
upon this Ifi
lide of the 1
Trees to be ]
coes in man]
the Hills no
with Grafs c
three places:
deep, then A
made excelle
Tisvery Jiic
People to be
lien Rocks, f
Jtound neithe
led farther un(
Meephighf
lofthis rocky
jtliecourfeof
lland all Gra
fciarle on the
[nor Boats on t
peral Creek
Lfi
mm
s:
im
th-
,ht,
ifs:
Dng
;ha
at
to the Streights of Magellan.' 3 7
In a hole of the Pod lay a Latten or Tin Boy,
(which we found by a long Plug that fluck in
the Hole^ with a Iheet of written paper enclofed
in it, but fo eaten by the Ruft of the Box, that
H'as not to be read. I cut out with my knife up-
on a Board the Ship's name, and the Date of the
Year and Month, which I nailed to the Poft j and
brought away the Lead with me, and named the
place Le Mairs Jjland: We found on it feveral
pieces of Boards, of the Wrecks o\ feme fliip that
e ofl had been burned ,• they were drove up here by
In<| the Tide : The people of the Country can't get
upon this Ifland. From hence I went on the North
fide of the River two miles into the Land ,* no
Trees to be reen,but many Oftriches and Guiana*
coes in many places. The Soil is marly and good,
the Hills not very high, but plain large Downs,
with Grafs on them all over. Digging in two or
three places I found Tandy dry Ground near a foot
deep, then Marie. In my opinion it might be
made excellent Corn ground, being ready to till .•
Tisvery like the Land owNew Muket Hcath-no
People to be {qqw. I fearched the Gullies and bro-
ken Rocks, for Grains of Gold or Minerals, but
found neither. I return *d to the Boat again, row-
ed farther under the Hiore, landed, and mounted
alleep high Hill to view the Country. On the top
of this rocky Hill grow fmall Bufncs. I could fee
[the courfe of the River a long way furtlier,and the
and all Grafs ,• here and there a white fpoc of
|Marle on the fide ot a Hill ; no people to be feen
or Boats on tilt River : I came down to the Boat :
eral Creeks run from hence a nnile or two into
D 3 the
ER'
ee:
CXV!
H
Mini
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38 5/V John Narbrough'j ^oyag^
the Land. Tcro(isd the River to the ^outh eaft
Ihorc; vvc midcthe Boat tail in a Creek ma
Vail^'V, and went all hands up the Land 3 miles ;
we Ijivv many Guianncoes and Ollnches, but could
not come within iliot of them- J faw the Foot-
flcpsor fjve Men that had been upon the Oar;
I meafured my Foot with them, which waslargcr
and longer by hair an inch than any of them ; we
couIJ not fee any people : it being near Night we
pluckrup Grafs, and laid it to the bed advantage
for ilickcr Here we lay all Night, keeping
March tu o by tw o. Cold Air to night, wind at
MhrJAy March 1 4. Fair weather, but cold.This
ninrnircT by day 1 ght we turn'd out, and march'd
into the Land Four miles S. W. b, 5. We could
not find any freih water. We made Fire on
t!)c Grafs but faw no fign of any People : we
{\.\ Gn'iiwacocs. Hares, Foxes, wild Dogs pretty
large ?^^c^ a grey C at, like an iinglifh one,running
U'^ the Hills : to day we caught an Armadillo -, the
L)ogs put her to ground : they have holes like
^ oneys; wc foon dug her out, Was as big as a
great Hcdg hcg and not much unlike one. The
Armnd'illo is cafed over the Body with a f]";ell,
fliutting one under another like fliellsof Arm.our:
the Dogs cou'd not hurt her. We faw Rats in
manv places, and a kindoi Polecat, with z white
fircaks on the Back,all the reft black : our Dogs
killed x.\\o of them : they flink much, feveral
Qllriche.s, fome Partridges and many Kites .- the
Land in fair ////// without W^ood or frcfh water .-
1 lie foil is ^ Tandy Qravd;^\xk\ Grafs all over it: no
Miner d
the Streights of Magellan, j 9
Mineral or Metal fecn. This afternoon we return-
ed to our Boat, and went through a Creek two
miles loMg^ which is dry at Low IVnter, and not
more than thirty foDt broad. It makes a fair
Illand of a mean heighrh, plain on the Top, and
I Grafj. growing all over it, but no IVoo^ nor IVater
I upon it : the greatcft part of it is a fandy marly
Uoil: 'tis two miles long, and half a mile broad :
the Greyhound killed tu o Hares on it prefe>tfly,
and we faw above twenty. I call'd it Hare Ijland:
it is adjacent to the South Shore ; eight miles up
lilie River from the narro'.v, I went down thcRiver
land went aboard. This Evening cold Air, wind at
Iweil, a (lout gale : towards morning it came to
fs'orth. I cannot perceive the Indians have any
jnoas or other Boats here.
March 14. Blowing weatlier, wind at wed.
^Tefetcht all our things oH the niorc,and got the
ip ready to fail. 1 went alliore on the South
Idcto the peeked Rock^ and lound it a natural
fock, {landing on a fmail round Hill, as if it had
een huilt there by Man. Ji li.uli a Cleft on the
)pofit as big in circumference as a But : 'tis
ear 40 foot high above the /////it ftandsonjabout
;lie little lumps of Rocks. I fiiw nothing elfc
[orth notice, fo I returned to the Ship -, the b:g-
pft (lick growing in or near this Harbour, or m
|e Countries as tar as we went, which was ic
lib, wou'd not make a Helve for a Hatchet, but.
lere are Bulhes which will ferve for firing at Sea:
[fore night I had all things on board, and the
f/^ fitted with intet.t to fail next morning, and
oked along the Coaft^ for the Pink, till I arrived
D 4 at
I''
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to
South; on
I Taw this ]
IVeftward .<
fervation :
Heavens be
my accoun
69 </ i6>».
loHtloH: If
might have
prefumc my
Cape Blam
South, and
40 Sir John Narbroiigh*j Fbr^^^
at ^f)rtSt.JulianW^x\^^Mx\ trcfh Water is fcarec
in Port Defu'. Harbour in the .'summer time: the
places lio -n vv hc^nce 1 fetched Water, are fmall
Springs on tht^ North fide, out ot which I filled
nearlorrv > uns: the f^rft Sphng is on the North
fide as yoa enter the Harbour, half a mile up a
Vdle\ , in a Gully ol Rocks: it bears N- N.If.
fnm the jOAcr Rock: That we called ?€cktt%
Well, is a mile up the River within a Bow jliot
01 the faltWater'tis in a Gully. The Land in ihefe
Valleys has very green and fwect Grafs, and
abundance oF wiid Peafe. fmall Nut-galls growing
on the Bu:hes, but in no great quantity, and butB^i d. 56 m.
few BuHks: Salt may be had here 5 for onthelz/zW, Weft
fliore fide and on the Rocks I gathered feverall Port Defies
handlbls o\ good Salt> ^ \mI 48 m. 5
March 25-. Gentlemen^ Tou are hy me ffefirdmzsrd^'Wt^ 6r
io take mfice, that this Day I take pojfejfion omLtzard, Weft
tkh Flarhour and River of Port Defier, and « Penguin Ijl,
all the Layid in this Country on both Shores^ /^''■47 ^. 55" w. S
the i4fe of his Majefty Kin^ fcharles the Second, oAw, Weft t
Great britain and his Heirs- God fave our /(in^Mhc Lizard W
aiidfitedlhreeOidnance. I Variation
Saturday, March x6. Wind at Weft, a floutii;^ 30W.
Gale. I itood to the Northward : this morningl April i. T[
at fix a Clock when the Sun appeared above thelatitude of 4
Ea(l Horizon, the Moon fetinthe Weft YioxiZo^Mntagonia,
being cclipfed at London at Eleven a Clock, teil Saturday^ 1
minutes in the forenoon, but here at fix a Clocmnd at Nor
thirty minutes paft, which gives iour hours forti Day light,
minuresdifferenceof time, between the Meridiaijnd South an
di London and the Meridian of Cape i?/jw<'BCoaft lies- I
v/hich Cape lies in the Latitude of 47//. lowjer; black Sa
■■ ' ' ^outii
1
d
h
ot
ife
nd
%
M
the
:ral
to the Str eights of Magellan. 4 1
South ; on thcSouth-eaft Coafl: o\ AmericayWhcre
Ifaw this Eclipfe 70 uegrccs in Longitude to the
Weftward of the Meridian of London^ by f:his Ob-
fervation: 1 could not fee the v\hole tclipfc the
Heavens being clouded ; 1 find Cape B anco^ by
my account of Sailing,to lie in the Longitude of
69 d. 16 w. to the Weltward of the Meridian of
londoH : If the Moon had not been clouded, I
might have been exad in the Longitude, but I
nrefumc my Account is not much out.
Cape Blanco lies in the Latitude of 47 J. low.
South , and in Longitude from the Lizard, Weft,
61 d, s6 m. and in Meridian dif.ance from the
lizard^ Weft, 10 14 Leagues, i Mile, ^v.
Port Defier in America^ lies in the Latitude of
47</. 48 m. South, and in Longitude from thel,/.
frfji:W,Weft, 61 d. 57 m. Meridian diftance from the
« o/ll/zW, Weft, 10 1 5 Leagues, i Miles, tt.
/ c/l Penguin Ijland, or the plentiful Ifles, Latitude
formi ^. 5f w. South, and in Longitude irom thel./-
1,0/IW, Weft, 6\ d $•: m. Meridian diftance from
'/«j,ithe I/z^r^/, Weft, 1014 Leagues, 2 Miles.
Variation of the Compafs here is Eafterly
^1 d. 30 Iff.
April I. The Sweep flakes off of Seal's Bay in the
ititude of 48 </ 10 m. South, on the Coaft of
atagonia.
Saturday^ April 2. Fair Weather this Morning,
ind at North north- weft, a fine gale. I filled
it Day light, and fteered away South fouth weft,
diai^nd South and by Weft by my Compafs , as the
aft lies ,• I failed along in twenty Fathom wa-
r : black Sand diftant trom the Ibore near three
uthi Leagues;
outi
the
zon.
tei
locli
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mo
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4 2 Sir John Narbrough'x Foyage
Leagues .* this forenoon at nine a Clock, I fa'^'
a fmal! flat Ifland to the Weftward of me, about a
League off the Land j it lies in the Latitude of
48 </. 40 M. South ; the Land againd it is high, in
large Hills, and fome large copling tops ; two
Leagues more to the Southward, the Land is low,
in a great Plain, and a Beach by the Sea fide, but
the ihore againfl this Ifland is rocky. I was two
Leagues Eaft from the flatlflind,and had twenty
three Fathom black Sand ; I haled clofe in for the
fliore, and fail'd within five Miles of it. All along
from this Ifland to Port St, Julian, I founded as I
fail'd along, and had 18 or 20 fathom fine black
Sand i the Land is low in a Valley j the Sea-fliore
is a Beach, here and there a Rock j it is in a long
Beach for four Leagues. After you are to the
Southward of the Flat-Ifland one League, the fliore
lies South-fouth-wefl:, and North north-caft ; at
the South end of this Beach inland are high round
Hills, but at the Sea-fide is a fl:ecp white Cliff, of
en indifl^rent heighth, with a black flreak in it j
over the Clifl^the Hill rounds up to the top, ha-
ving fome fmall black Buflies growing on the fide^
no Wood or Tree feen.
In this Bay is Fort St. Julian -y the Harbour's
Mouth is in the middle of the Bay,but you cannot
fee it without,for one Point fliutting in the other;
you mud fend your Boat in to difcover the Har-
bour at Low- water, and the Bar without, for 'tis a
barred Harbour .• the Land in the Country over
Fort St. Julian, on the Weft fide, is high copling
round Hills, like blunt Sugar loaves on the top;
'tis the higheil Land I ftw in all the Country >
and
ore
at
ind
,of
it J
ha-
le J
irs
lot
ler;
[ar-
[sa
jver
ling
ind
to the Streighti of Magellani 43
jnd there are no fuch Hills be Ides on the Coaft ;
the Land is plain to the South, without any Hill,
as far as we could fee at this time .• this Afternoon
it proved 1 Calm ; I anchored in the Bay before
$t. Julian, in twelve fathom Water, black oary
Land, the Harbour's mouth bearing Weft fouth-
^eft of me, about two Leagues ofH I fent in my
oat to difccver the Harbour, and fee if the Pink
as there,which returned to Night at fix a Clock;
y Lieutenant told me there was a fafe Harbour,
nd Water enough for a bigger Ship, but no Pink,
or any fign of her having been there i now I de-
spaired of ever feeing her more, after my hopes
ere fruftrated here ; neverthelefs I doubted not
e fuccefs of my Voyage, though the Company
ought 'twould be dangerous being a lone Ship,
ftormy Sea to fail in, and unknown Coafts to
arch out , and if we fliould happen to run a-
ound any where, could expedt no Relief; thefe
fpicions I foon put out of their Heads,by telling
em of the great Riches of the Land, and that
i^tain Drakt went round the World in one Ship,
hen in thofedays there were but ordinary Na-
^atorsj and was it for us toqueftion our good
rtune, who beyond Companion are better Sea-
len, if we would put our felves in Ad-ion ; and
ir me, I would expofe no Man to more danger
n my felf in the Attempt. Calm to Night .• I
e fad, a fmall Tide running where I rode,- the
ater ebb*d near three fathom perpendicular .• it
near nine Leagues from the Flat Jfland to Saint
/j», South-fouth-weft and North north- eaft as
lliore lies.
The
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£ I . ' If ' U i 1 1
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i
44 ^^^ ]^^^ Narbrough'i Foyage
The Mouth of Port Saint Julian^ in Latitude
49 //. low. South, and in Longitude from the L.
zard 6]ef. low. and in Meridian diflancc from I
the Lizurd, Weft 1 030 Leagues ; by an Amplitudcl
liere, the Compafs has varied \6ti.iom, Eaft.
IVednefday, April 1 3. Fair weather, Wind at I
Weft, a fmall gale. Frofty and co!d Air, nofign
of the Pink : I went afliorc and haled the Seync
on the Eaft fide; at the firft of the Flood wcl
caught fivt hundred Fifties, as big as large Mul.
lets, and much hke them, grey, and full of ScaiesJ
fome as big as a Man's Leg; we caught them alll
in four hours time, returned abroad, and dividedl
them among the whole Ship's Company .- they catl
admirably well. Many good Mufcles lie on the
Rocks, and Oyftcr fliells on the Shore-fide, and
growing in Veins on the Rocks, but no Meat in
them : Wind at Weft to Night, a frefli gale.
Monday^ April 18. Wind at South- weft, a llil
gale, Cold Air and fome Snow this Morning ,• tid
Winter is come ftrong and ftormy, fo that 'twill
be impoflible to hold the Coaft into the Strcightsj
for the Wind blows altogether from the Weil oj
Weft-foutherly , and in fuch Gufts as will force 1
Ship offthe Coaft. This day I order'd my Purfej
to ferve the Company Brandy wine for their Af
lowance , at a Quart per Week a Man : I got
Boats lading of the Wood of the Country aboarj
for firing ; to Night it blew hard at South- wellj
all the Company eat fait Seal, and Penguins f([
their Allowance : fwcet and very good Meat, aii|
keeps well and long in Salt.
Friii
H.
ri:
to the Streights of Magellan^ 4 5
Fri^ay^ April xi. Wind at South-wen:, a (litT
|gile,and cold Air. This Morning I went alhore on
Ithe North weft fide with twenty Men, to the Salt-
Ipond, which is rufted all over like a Pavement,
Ltli very white and good Salt, two Inches thick,
Ifor two miles long : in February here's Salt c-
jnough to fill a thouland Ships ; we filled two Bags
and laid up near two Tuns out of the Water, lor
lerc was Water over the Salt, which began to
decay with the Rain and Weather being on it :
at Night I returned aboard, we brought is much
Salt with us as filled a Punchion, very good white
tone- fait, whiter than Fremb-Mty and of a very
plcaftnt fmell ; I faw fome Guianacoes,and Oftn-
ches ; the Hills and Valleys dry Earth, and Grafs
on them : on the higher Hills liei Snow, no Peo-
ple, but many places were they had made Fires,
and lain under a Buih for ihelter; no Mineral or'
letal, Trie, or Fruit.
Wednefday^ April ij, Clofe Weather, and little
Find ; a cold Air, it freezes hard, the Ice bears 3
Ian.
Thnrfday, April xS, Wind at Weft and by
)uth, a fine gale, cold frofty Weather. We un-
[ig'd the Ship, and made all fnug, intending to
Winter in this Harbour ; the Ice will not fuffer us
bpafs the Streights ; the Windi are foftormy, and
perally, out of the Wcftcrn quarter ; the Nights
[0 long and cold , that the paflage is impoilible
bis Winter. The Port I found fafe to ride in, and
refreihmeat to be had of Fowls , as Ducks,
fcekes, and Divers, ^c. In the Spring I may bo,
ly to fail to the Southward, wh§n we ihall
have
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46 Sir John Narbrough'j Poya^e
hav^e the year before us, and the Sun in the Sou-
thern Signs, which will give long Days and fliort
Nights, and temperate Weather; Wind at North-
north eaft this Evening, and Rain: it blew a great
f^orm to Night, the Boat funk at the Ship s ftern,
and loft the Oars. Lefs Wind towards Night, and
vcared to the Weft.
Friilayy May 6. Wind at Weft north weft, a fine
gale. I went a-ftiore on the North weft fide with
thirty Men, and travelled feven or eight miles up
the Hill, fav/ no People : the Land is great Grafs-
Downs in moft places ; and on the tops of the
Hills, and in the Ground are very large Oyfter
fheils, they lie in Veins in the Earth. and in the firm
Rocks; and on the fides of Hills in the Country;
they are thebiggeftOyfteMhells that ever I faw;
fome fix, fome feven Inches broad, yet not one
Oyfter to be found in the Harbour ; whence I con-
clude, they were herG when the Earth was formJ
cd : no fign of Mine or Metal, no Woods or Tree, |
We found a good Spring of frcfh Water up in the
Hills, it drams into fait Water- fwaihes .• We faw|
feveral Salt-water Ponds fix mile: in the Land
made by the faltnefs of the Earth; we faw Oftri-I
ches, Guianacoes, and a Fox. I made a Fire on the
top of the higheft Hill, but could fee no anfwerJ
I returned aboard with my Company very weary;
fome ot my Men fctch'd Salt to day. Fair Wea- 1
ther to Night.
Fri//ay, May 13. Indifferent Weathet, Wind at I
Weft fouth-weft, a fine gale. This day wefetch'd
Salt ; A Gentleman ot my Company, Mr. Johnl
tVooJ, walking on the /JlanJ ofjuftke^ found three
fmai'
to the Str eights of Magellan. 47
Ifmall pieces of Gold-wire in two Mufcle-iliells :
Lhich Shells were made together by a green Gut-
[firing: the Gold was to the value of two (hillings
|£»^///^. and had been hammered, the Wire as big
js a great Pin.
Monday, June 6. Cloudy cold weather, Wind at
South -weft, a frefh gale. This day I went a-fliore
ivirh fixteen Men , and trtivelled ten miles Weft
Into the Land ; the Hills there are cover'd with
Snow : 'tis very cold, we could not go any fur-
ther for Snow ; and the Air is fo cold that we
^ould not endure to lie on the ground : on the
U\ that I was on, we could fee nothing but Hill
eyond Hill ; no Woods, nor Trees, nor Bufhcs ,
Igrafs Downs: the Land is flat 01 the tops of
[he Hills ; frefli Water runs down in fevcral places,
lhich is melted Snow,an4 when the Water leaves
unning, there's no Snow. I faw many Guiana-
cs and Oftriches ; no People or fign of any :
[lofe by the water- fide we faw many places,where
hey had lain on open Hills in the Snow,ancl fome
Ikes where they had kill'd and eat Guianacoe s
y Oftriches ; they make but fmall Fires with
|ttle fticks ; I do not find they roaft their flefh at
dem, for we faw fome raw Flelh hanging to the
(ones, whicli they had gnawed with their Teeth :
neir Fires are only to warm their Children's Fin-
fers, as we imagine. I gather* d fome hand fu Is of
kanacoes Wool! that lay here : I am perfuadcd
pe People muft needs fee us travelling to and
every day, but won't come near or be feen by
s: they live like wild Beafts, or rather worfe, for
[metimes they muft be in great^want of Food ;
here'3
n
! 1
1 t
II
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j.
i'rh
(
I. '
I ^
M|.lil,»l
,
h'l
i' n
i
» m 'H
48 Sir John NarbroughV Voyage
here's neither Fruit, Root, or Herb for it : The I
Land is a dry gravelly Soil, with Sand, and in
many places a Marie two Toot below the Surface-
the Grafs, which is dry, grows in knots, not very
long but thick ; in the Valleys the Earth is of a
Petery or nitrous Nature; Oftriches feen ; nofign
of Metal or Mineral ; I and my Company havel
looked in moft places where we travdl'd for it \
To Night we got down but very weary.
Tuejc/ay, June 7. Clofe dark Weather , Wind]
at North eaft and by Eafi:, a fair gale ; A ncv
Moon to day, fine Weather to Night, but cold;
the Stars near the Pole Antartick are very vifiblej
fome of the fmall Stars in the Conftellation of
little Hydra are near the Pole ; Here are man^
good Stars riear the Pole, good for Obfervation
of the firlt and fecond Magnitude: the Star atthJ
South end of Ariadne, the Star at Hydras Hem
the Star in the Peacocks Eye , and the Star
Tucans Bill , and the Stars in tucans thigh (]iii
Back ; the Stars in Grus's Head^andWing^ and BQi\
but the brightell Stars are the Stars in the forme
foot of Centaur us and Crofters ; the other Stafi
are of the third , fourth and fifth Magnitude |
The two Clouds are feen very plainly, andi
fmall black Cloud , which the foot of the Cm
is in, is always very vifiblc when the Crofiej
are above the Horizon, as they are alway hcJ
in thefe Latitudes. The Heavens in this SoutI
Hemifphere are as the Heavens in the North Hj
mifphere ; but no Stars within eighteen degrej
of the Pole fit for Obfervation ; no Pole-ftar, j
the Star ia the Tail of the little Bear is in t
Nor
the
i in
iace;
mj
of a
ifign
have
'ritil
iVindl
nc
cold
fible
onol
iTian'
ition,
to the Str eights of Magellan. 49
Korth : the Air cold to Night, but very healthy-
tor ftirring Men; I have not had my Finger ached
as yet ; ft Man hath in excciltnt (lomach here; I
can eat Foxes and Kites as favourily as if it were
Mutton ; every Fox and Kite as we kill, we eat,
which is ever now and then one killed. Nothing
comes amifs to our flomachs.; not one Man com-
plains oF cold in his Head, or of Coughs. Young
Men well grown, and of good ihape, are mod fit
for this Country, it being a dry and an hungry
Air, and Provifions to be got with pains. The
Oftriches are nothing fo big as the Oftriches in
hriaryy nor of the Colour nor Feather ; thefe are
grey on the Back, and ihaggy Feathers of no ufe,
and the Feathers on their Bellies are white ; they
have long Legs and fmall Wings ; they cannot
atthBfly; they have a long Neck, and a fmall Read ,
?^w«and beaked near like a Goofe ; they are much like
ar \mi great Turky-cock, and good lean dry Meat and
fweet. To Night I came aboard ; it blew frelli ac
W'eft.
Wednefilay , "June i^. Wind at Wefl-north-
weft , a (lout gale. This day J. went alliore ori
the Eaft-fide, faw no People. This day Mr, John
Waod went aihore on the Wefl ride,and three Men
li him ; they were armed ; they travelled into
he Land Weft and by North about four Miles ;
here they faw feven People of the Country on
Hill, itiaking a noife and wafting them to the
hip: Our Meri went up the rife of the Hill to
egre>hem ; three of the Indidn Men came to Mr. V/00^^
ar, fcth their Bows ^nd Arrows in their Hands, and
in tlBloofe Skin about their Bodies, and a Furr-skin
INorti I ,,bou^.
A7 Mi
Stai
tude
and
rofiei
he
50Uti
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m
u
mth them
of the cru
nor trufl u
Saturday
went a/Iior
Guianacoc
Paunch for
ItraveJled
v.iicre Peop
glazed then
together.
50 S'lY John Narbrough'j Voyage
about their Heads,and pieces of Skins about their
Feet, and all the other parts of their Bodies na-
ked ; they were painted red and white on their
Faces; they would not come fo near as to let our
Men touch them , but (Icppcd back as you mo.
ved forward; they continuing their noife , and
wafting with their Hands towards the Ship, and
kept talking, but no Man could undcrlland
them : they repeated Ozfe, Ozfe^vQxy often. They
have an hardi Spcccii, and fpeak in the Throat;
they received any thing that you cad to them on
the ground. Mr. Wood gave them a Knife, and a b Sunday 7
Shafh, and a Neckcloth, and a Bottle of Brandy |B]-|jg Gumn
they would not drink; Mr. IVood could not per- Irs two h
ceiveany Bracelets they had, or any thing about tiYed alJ th
them fave their Skin. They are People of a middle tod Meat *
ifature, and well fliaped ; tawny Olive-colour'd,
black Hair, not very long: they feem to be of 3
rude Behaviour; for they returned nothing t(3f
what they received, nor took no notice ot any
thing ; the reft of their Company flayed at the
Hill: they can endure much cold; for their Legs,
Buttocks, and lower parts are naked. Mr. IVod
was taller than any of them^and he judged theeldie taken not
eft of the three to be upwards of Ibrty years oIcIM'q/j^'j-jj^.
the other thirty. They feemed to be very fearfulH,^e rottino-
they took their own time, and went away intotliMuii^gjj j^g^f'*
Land. Mr. JVood returned aboard and acquaintfcfi PeonJe'
ed mc with what he had (een. This Night wftrk and a*
iaw a Fire in tlie Hills. It blew hard to Night aftjp 'jj^^j ,
Weft:. They have fmall Dogs with them ; themght.
would nor have come near our People, if they hail Suftdav 7
not fallen accidentally into the Hills and Valley* '^ ' -'^
witi
Thurfday^
ind at Nor
ead of the 1
in the Full
arbour, a
;ook fome 01
f''^'ng .' I dig^
F > 3 m\
to the Streights of Magellan, 5 i
with them. I have thought that they have heard
of the cruel dealings ot the Spaniards^ and dare
not trufl: us. .
Saturday^ July 1. Wind at Wed, a fine gale. I
went afliore on the Eaft-fide ,- we killed a great
Guianacoe with the Greyhound. I looked in his
Paunch for the Bezoar-ftone, but found nothing.
I travelled to and fro, but favv no People.* I faw
where People had made Earthen Pots , and had
glazed them, for there lay fome of their fluff run
together. At Night I went aboard.
Sunday^ July 3. Wind at South, clofe Weather.
^YiBThe Guianacoe weighed, cleaved in his Quar-
?er- Iters, two hundred an'd fifty Pounds neat. He
jferved all the Company for a days Fledi, and is
good Meat.
thurfday^ July ix, Clofe Weather, and little
ind at North and by Weft. I went up to the
sad of the Harbour, but faw no People: There
in the Fullers Earth ClifFs at the head of the
arbour, a Vein made like rotten Ifing-glafs 5 I
cg5*ook fome out , but cannot find it good tor any
^rocMjiing .' I digged in the Cliff, but faw nothing to
2el(l«eraken notice of. I faw in two places pieces o[
I'loor Timbers of a Ship; they have Iain a long;
be rotting. We faw that the biggell: of thele
julhes here, have been cut down by fome Chri-
liaa People. I faw wooden Plates, and a piece ot
]ork, and apiece of an old Oar ^ fome Chnllian
liip had been here formerly. I lay alhorc ro
ight,
Sunday, July ?i. Fair Weather, Wird at South-
ed ^ a ftiflf gale. The Weather aj? cold a:> it is
F 2, JTi
r
L-
ir
ir
nd
,ey
at;
on
da
)OUt
idle
jrd,
of a
any I
the
•jii^;i^»H
1 1
\%
■ I
1
»; !,
i i M «■ ' I ■ !
^i »'
/
ture.-my
it to me,
pled toge
feveral ba
Earth, an
Trade tin
Flint /lone
learclied tl
Gold^ but
kts of Sh
Thongs, ai
mdillo iht
dick for a
5 2 «9/V John I?arbi:ough'j Voyage
in England in the height of Winter, and the Air
rather fliarper and dryer ; 1 hate now twelve Men
lame with the cold, and their Legs arid Thighs
are turned as black as a black Hit, in fpots, tlic
cold having chilled the Blood ', yet they ufe ba-
thing and fluping thofe places, and all that they
can to prevent, but it rather encrcufeth on them
than otherwife ; Thefe are fuch People as I could
not make llir by any means i they that ftir are as
well as any Men in the World can be.
TueJday^Auguft z. Clofe Weather, Wind atSoudi
wcfl, a gale and cold Air. We fall on fitting ofl
our Rigging and getting the Ship fit: HercareL , .
hundreds ot Guianacoes in companies near theB , "^ »
Water- fide; my Greyhound is lame ^ fo that Ican*^?^ ^ '' ^^'^
not make her run ; aifo here arc many 0(lriche3M°lp°^^>"^"<
together with many green Plovers at the WaterB^^ ![1^^ "^^
ride,and fome Swans but not full fo large asoursM^ ^ "Y""' ^
They are white, favea Mack Head, and half tlil|''^.^}^y^cad
Neck and Legs black ; Here are fome white GeelB? n' f, ^^
as European Gecfcj the Brant-Geefe are ^^mi^-^^^*
white, Ibme black and grey j The Mallards aolj^^^^^ ^^^
Ducks are grey^ and the Teals are grey. m\^ couple
Tuefday, Auguft i. Clofe Weather, Wind Jf ^^ ^^^/^le
Weft and at North wefl, a fine gale. I fent tf ., S' and m
Boat for Water to a Swalli on the Eaft llde ; t J^^^^^e of
f'^ey were
of my Men faw two of the People of the Cod
try on the Eafl-fide behind a Bufh j my Men wMT^ ;*ye -
toward them ; they went away and left a bun(ll|°^^ •' ^^J,^y
of Skins under the Buflifmy Men made fignsf^.^'"^^ fo«
fpeak with them, but they would not ftay^ *^^°'_^ioin
Men did not go after them but fat down, till,, ^^day^ .
would not ftay i they were but of a middle 11'* °^^^"S; ^
tu
to the Streights of Magellan. J3
ture :my Men brouglit the bundle aboard to fliew
it to me, and two mungrel Dogs, which were cou-
pled togetlier. I opened the Bundle and it was
fevcral bags of Skins, with red Earth and white
Earth, and Soot or Paint in a Bag; this is the
Trade they paint themfelves with ; they had
Flint Hones and Arrow heads in the Bundle. I
fearched the Bundle all over to fee for Grains of
Gold, but could not find any; There ware Brace-
lets of Shells, and bits ol ilicks, and braided
Thongs, and Arrows, and Mufcle-fliells, and Ar-
madillo ihells, and a fmall point of a Nail in a
Hick for a Bodkin .- Their Skins were pieces of
Seal-skins, and pieces of Guianacoe-skins, fewed
together with fmall Guts j all very old and full
[of holes,and fmelt of greafe : There were pieces
I of Flints made fad with a green Gut, in the fplit
of a Hick, which they hold fad to knock their
Arrow-heads into (liape : There were aifo pieces
of Sticks to get Fire with. This was all that was in
the Bundle J it was mide fart: with Leather thongs
braided round like Whip cord, and the Dogs
were coupicJ with fuch ftrings; the Mufcle-
fcls are their Knivcs. I pui all things up in the
[Bag, and made it fall:. Their Dogs are much of
ItheRace oiSpanifh Dogs; a good large mungicl
ICur, but very tame ; any Man might handle them;
Ithey were grey in colour, and painted red in
Ifpots : they were very lean ; there were two great
IStavcsof four foot long, which was tough (iane
|ia lliort joints : 1 carried them a-fliore next day.
Tue[day^ Au^^ifi 30. Foggy clofc Wcr.rlier rhi:-
IMorning, Wind at North. We tra^'elkd
E3
\\cil
'. \\ \
\i
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!>;)'
:'< (I
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1
54 AV John Narbrough'/ Voyage
Weft into the Land ten or twenty miles farther:
The Land all dry, with Grafs, and Budies in fome
places like Thorns ; the Hills high, and many,
and Snow on the tops ; no Woods, nor Trees to
be fcen : Frefli- water comes running out of the
Hills in a fine Rivulet ; no Fruit j many fedgy
Bullies grow on the Brink, and brave green Grafs,
and a green Herb of a pretty flrong hot tafte j
fome Teal in the Water,and Water-birds. This is
all I faw about the Rivulet, Many large Ponds
in the Country , but fait Water in thofe Ponds.
Wc faw Fowls like Herons,but all red ; in the Val-
leys ive faw hundreds of Guianacocs in a compa-
ny, and twcnt}' Oftriches: fome Hares and fome
Partridges, greyer and bigger than ours ; fome
Snipes and fmall Birds; feveral Penne-wrens: we
iiw feveral Kites, and fmall Hawks, and Owls;
vv'c caught two Armadijloes : I faw two FoKes and
a wild Dog, and many Brant Geefe: the Land is
in Rills and Vallevs a^. far as we could fee, and
bad travelling on Foot ; the Soil is gravelly and
dry Sand, ot a Salt pcLre nature ; the Grafs in
fome places long and dry, and in fome places Ihort
and dry; the Hills are rounding aloft like large
Downs : We faw red Earth in fome places, fuch
as the huUans ufe ; v;e faw the Footfteps of Peo-
ple in many places in the Clay, and places where
they had been, and had killed Guianacoes, and
made a Fire there ; I gathered Guianacoes- Wooll,
^ndi OHriches Feathers were fcatter'd about the
place, and Bones : there lay the Skulls of three
People, no ficfii on them ; they were very clean,
•;iud no larger than the Skulls of Ei^ropean Men;
fmootl':
iinooth ar
Skulls wa
Man-eater,
IVars one
lew Peopk
to Jive on,
llurage for
Land tlien
wants onl
here, it v\'
America^ f<
yltternoon
gy, fo as w
though we
I "0 going in
I Man will m
■^ great Pla
' net and col
I a Fire and
Night ; we
I Night.
Tuefilay,
pherjthe Wir
hot Sail this
none, the\^
when I was
I H'eft. north-
all things aj
Home fmall (
iGrafs. No n
ture have I
j£arth-vvorm
fout few in
the Strcights of Magellan, yy
fmooth and even Teeth, dole fet ; one of thofc
Skulls was broken. Whether thefe People be
Man-eaters or not,l cannot tell ;Ijudge they have
Wars one with another , by realbn here are fo
lew People in this great hand, and Food enough
to live on, and the Land all clear and good Pa-
llurage tor Cattle, and no Mountains. In all the
Land there arc Plains and grafly Meadows: here
wants only Wood to build with ; if that were
here, it would be as good a Land .s any part of
America^ for the Country is very healthy. This
Afternoon it rained, and was very thick and fog-
gy, fo as we could not tell which way to go, al-
though we had a ('ompafs with us ,• for there h
no going into the Land without one, becaufe a
Man will mifiake his way, theCouiury is (b open
•n great Plains and Downs : We were very mucli
wet and cold ; JVe got to Bullies, and there made;
a Fire and dried our felves : we flayed here all
Night; we neither heard nor law any thing to
Night.
Tuefday^ Septemler i. 1670. Ciofc ha fey Wea-
Ither^he Wind at Nortii, a iinall gale, lb as I could
[not Sail this day; we tried for Filli , but cauglic
none, the Water is lb cold. I was on the Land,
[when I was at the farthefl, twenty five miles
Weft- north- weft from the Harbour- mouth ; and
jail things as I faw I have mentioned, excepting
Ifome fmall Creatures like Efts, which run in the
Grafs. No manner of Snake or venomous Crea-
ture have I fcen in this Country 5 here are fome
Earth-worms, and Cntcr pillars, and other Buggs,
I'out few in number.- no uild Bcaft of prey, or
E 4 r'^y
i:,.- 4' i'
/« ;
;^
i.ii i
v^'h
t .1
i i
f t
m I
I '
I I
•^i
i ' 1 -3^ i
ami
ll
if
'■' i'
:\
'I "j I
'j6 «5/r John Narbrough'x Vovage
any other thing to annoy the Inhabitants, but
Cold and Hunger : Here lies a large Country o-
pen to receive any Inhabitants from forein Parts,
and large enough to fatisfie the Undertakers.
The Land would produce European Grain, if
planted here, and breed Cattle.
Septemler i6' I confidering my Men, being
very weak, thought it mod fit to go for Port De-
fer and there to refrefh the Men, for I knowing
there I could have what Penguins and Seals I
would have, which are good Provifionsj alfoldo
intend to fait up a quantity of each, to carry to
vSea with me to lengthen out my Provifions.Thi';
Forenoon 1 (leered trom St. Juliaf? North- north-
cad, and made what fail I could to get to Port\
Defter : This Night it was a fmall gale, and vee-
red to the Wed- fouth- weft; I judged it befttol
make my cafieSail in the Night, for fcarof run-
ning up with the Eady-done- Rocks before day.|
light.
Weayiefefay^ September ri. Fair Weather to day,
the Wind veerable round the Compafs. This
Morning I had both the Boats laden with Seals,
and Penguins and Penguin-eggs j ten Men may
kill ten thoufand 'Penguins in lefs than an hours]
time; the Seals and Penguins are numberlefs;.
a Man cannot pafs on the Iflsnd for them. Thi
Fining I got on board and landed our lading a
fliore ; fair Weather to Night. '?^he Eggs an
very good Nourifliment, and the Fat fervcs tor
^o the Lamps.
77jwr/i/jy, September 2,2. Fair weather, Win
at Wed. This day I divided the Eggs among!
M
to the Str eights of Magellan^ j 7
the Men : we skinned the Seals and the Penguins,
and faked the Flefli in bulk on the Rock, and co-
vered it to keep the Wind from it. Good Wea-
ther, and little Wind to Night.
Friday, September 30. 1 he Wind at North this
Morning; this forenoon it came to the South-
ead, and blew hard, and rained. This day I went
up the River about ten miles, and Don Caroh^s with
me, and ten Men to fee for People : we Jay out all
Night on the South- fide, but faw no People; this
Night the People ot the Country came to our little
Well, which is up in the Valley, and dole an Iron
j'ot, and three fuits of Cloaths of the Mens, that
kere laid there a drying , with fome other Lin-
nen; but did not meddle with the Beads, which
are hung up on a Pole on the Hills, and they will
not come near it nor meddle with it. The Peo-
ple of the Country have made in a Valley , the
Itorm of the Ship in Earth and Buflies, and fluck
lup pieces of Sticks for Ma(l«; , and rf:6dtd the
IBulhes all over with red Earth ; the Mode! I ima-
jlne is to record our Ship , for they cannot
have any Records but by imitation : This Fancy
le let alone untouched, only 1 laid a (Iring or two
of Beads on it, and came away .* Clofe Weather to
Jight. Tliefe People mud certainly have recei-
i^ed fome Injury in former times, from fome Peo-
ple that have been here in Shipping, otiierwife
[hey would come in fight of us ; or elie they have
prd of the cruel dealings of the Spam.^rds to-
ward th^ Indians^ where they lived near. I have
[fed all endeavours pollibly by fair means to have
Conference with them, but all is in vain.
Tuejlry^
i I
',:
i II *
i' I
H
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1:
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lit
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M'h
ih
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i
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i «V?
1
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rill
V
*'fT^
I ;
''I
1-
58 Sir John Narbrough'x yoyage
Tuefa/ay, O^ober 11. The Wind at Wcfl-lbiul],
weft , a ftout gale ; very cold , Hail and (Icety
vSnow to day. Our Men arc all in good health
and are luRy and fat, thofc which had the Scurvy
are got very well with eating of IrelhMeat, and
fuch green Herbs as they can get on the fliore, as
green Peaie-leaves and fuch trade; they mince it,
fry it with Eggs and vSeal-oil ; and it hath raifed
every Man in as good health as they were at our
coming out oF F.ntjand. We fare very well, and
have great plenty of good Provifions. Here is
Frovifion enough of Seals and Pcnguini", il fal:
be plenty, to lade Ships. I can confidently iav
tliat on the IJlafjf/ of Pefiguirts there are more Seal:
and Penguins at this prefcnt, than three hundredj
Tuns ot Cask can hold , when drefs'd ^.nd lalt
edjicfidcs what are going off and coming on. Ii
i?.ny Men fliould have occafion fov Providonso
rieHi, if they have Salt, here they may furnill
themfelves with what quantity fliali feem fit fo:
them, and I can affure them it will lad four Month:
fweet, if not longer, if care be taken in bleeding,
and dreffing, and falting, as I have prefcrib'd b
tore ; the Salt may alfo be had at Saint Jidid.
Salt-pond in Summertime ; alfo I believe that Sail
may be had at Port Defter in the Summer-time/oi
here is fome dried Salt on the holes of the Rocks
Here are fcveral Flats, where Men may make Pi
and let in Salt-water, and fo make Salt, as I hav
feen m other places.
The Pengum is a Fowl that lives by catcliiii]
and eating of Fifli,which he dives for, and is ver]
nimble in the Waters he is as big as a Brani
Cooli
to \
IS variation
ere makes in
es in.
Otloh. 21.
i 30 w. Sc
Qallegoes.
w^, at the
(^(ipe Virgin
the Latitude
AndinLon
e
to the Streighti of Magellan; 59
JGoofc, and weighs near about eight pounds j they
lliave no Wings, but flat (lumps like Fins : their
Coat is a downy (lumped Feather ; they are black-
P> g^cy ^'^ ^^^^ !5acks and Heads, and white about
Iheir Necks and down tlicir Bellies : they are (liort
ieggcd like a Goolc, and Hand upright like little
Children in white Aprons, in companies together :
Ihey arc full-necked, and headed and beaked like
iCrovv, only the point of their Bill turns down a
kttlc: they will bite hard, but they are very tame,
Uwill drive in herds to yourBoat-fide like Sheep,
Ind there you may knock them on the head, all
U after another, they will not make any great
[a(le away. Here are a great many Sea- Pies and
)ucks, and Ox Birds, and Sea-Mews, and Gulls,
|nd white Sea-Pigeons , and white- breaftcd Di-
[ers, and Dobchicks.
O^oher 13. I weighed , and fail'd out of Port
[)f//fir, (landing Southward. OHob. 16. I was ia
[at. 49 d. 8 w. South. O^ob. 19. \ padcd by the
fape, call'd Beachy Head, by our Men, and the
of St. Ives ^ Lat. 50 J. icw. The Compafs
IS variation 16 d. T^f m. Eaflerly. The Land
ere makes in a Bay, where the River of St. Cruce
Des in.
OBoh. 21. AYe pa(red by Cape Fair weather in
i 30 w. SoLith-Lat. Here goes on tlic River
'Qdegoes. O^hh, 12. We c^lIUQ to Cape Firgin-
ky, at the entrance of the S freight of Magellan.
Cape Virgin- Mary ^ at the North-entrance, lies
the Latitude of 5-2 rf'. 26 w,
[And in Longitude, from the Lizard in Englaj^dy
p, 65 d. 42 w.
Meridian
H
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^o Sir John NarbronghV Voyage
Meridian diftance from the Lizard in Leagues,
Weft, io6i Leagues*
Variation of the Compafs here I find to be|
Eafterly, 17 Degrees.
Here is Anchoring all about tliis Part of t!ie|
Streights, in the fair way f roiii Cape Virgin MarA
till you come into the Narrow. I did not find much
Tide any where hereabout , but in the Narrow,
and there the Tide runs ftronger than it does in
the Flope^ a good matter ; the floud Tide fetsinrol
the Streights , and the Ebb fcts out ; it keepctlj
its courfe , as on other Co^fts ; it is fix hoiirsi
Floud, and two hours Ebb ; it rifeth and falls rear)
four Fathom perpendicular,- it is an high Water
here,on the Change day of the Moon at eleven d
the Clock, as far as I could perceive. Many beds
of Rock-weed are driving to and fro here. This
day at t\v^ of the Clock I was a-breall: of Poinij
Foffefton \ I fteer'd from thence Weft-north wed
about two Leagues, and then Weft, and Weft]
fouth-w^eft, and South- weft and by Soutli^roundj
ing by the North- fliore: As I Ihoal'd my found]
ings, I had 21, and 18, and i(5, and ix, and
Fathom, Tandy, and fomctimes gravelly Groun(|
and pebble Stones. I failed, rounding theihore
being unacquainted, and could not tell ccrtainlj
where the Narrow lay, for it was iliut in one Lanj
with the other, fo as I could not fee theopcnins
T was open of the Narrow at five a Clock,havin
a fine gale at North- north eaft. I fteer'd in Soutil
weft and by South into the chops of it, but coull
not get paft a League into it , the Tide bcinf
bent out and run fo ftrong as I could not ileni ;
to the Str eights of Magellan. 6i
3"«,ll vvas in danger of running the Ship againft fleep
■Rocks, which lie in the North-fide, (he taking a
^ ^"^Ifiicar with the Tide, and the Wind \Vas a frefh
gale at North- northeaft. There g^-ew long Rock-
weed on the Rocks ; I went and founded over
them, and had five foot Water on them, and four-
teen Fathom by the fide of them, next the Chan-
nel : they come trenting from the poitt of the Nar-
row of the North-fide, a mile off. At fix of the
Clock the Wind came to the North ; at eight o
the Clock it came to the North-wefl ; it fell very
dark, and rained much : I was forced to fall back
figiin out of the Narrow as well as I could ; t!ie
Ihore Icould not fee, it was fo dark ; it fell a flat
Calm, I finding twenty Fathom Water , pebble
Stones andoary; I anchored, and rode all Night-
Litde Wind at South-weft, and dark.
It is eight Leagues from the firft Narrow to the
fecond, and fomething better ; the Courfe from
one to the other is Weft and by South, and EafI;
and by North. This Reach from the firft Narrow
to the fecond is feven Leagues broad , from the
North-fiiore to the South-fhore ; it fliews like a
little Sea when one comes into it , for we could
not fee to the fecond Narrow , till I had failed
therein three Leagues or more. At the point of
the fecond Narrow, on the North fhorc ; up to
the North-caft-ward a mile or two, there is a Bay
on the North-fhorc, and a white Cliff of an or-
dinary height , which is call'd Cape St. Gregory:
In this Bay you may ride in eight Fathom Wa-
ter, fine clean landy Giound , and a good half
mile off the ihore ; This is a good Road , if the
Wind
f the
Tiuch
rrow,
3es in
:s into
epctl'
hours
sr^ar
IVater
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6z Sir John Narbrough'j Foyaj^e
Wind be between the North eaft and the South-
weft to the Weft ward ; the Winds arc given moH
to blow on the Weftern quarter. As I failed tho-
row the fecond Narrow , I founded in the fair
way, and had twenty eight , and thiriy Fatliom
fhiall ftones: The North-lliore on this Narrow
makes in a Bay at the Eaft-point,and is wliiteCiifs
all the way tlirough :This Narrow lies throughout
Weft- fouth- weft, and Eaft- north caft, and at the
Weft end of the Narrow the Land is fteep up, in j
white Chffs.and the South part rounds away in a|
Fore-land : The South-lhore rounds away South-
eaft from this Fore- land, and then ittrents away
to the Southward m low Land: The North-fliorel
or this Narrow or Streight , rounds up to the
Northward in white Cliffs, and falls into iliorcs J
there goes in a Harbour which hath four Fathom
in thcChaunel, at High-water ,• it is a flat round
Harbour within, and oary ; I called this O^z-Z^jr-
hur. When you are at the Weft- part of this Nar-I
row, you will (ee three Iflands come open, which!
ihew to be fteep up Cliffs: they lie Trianglc-\vife|
one of another ; they are four Leagues diflanij
from the Narrow, Weft-fouth-weft .- The fmalleil
and Eaftcrnmoft Ifle is call'd St. Bartholomews ; thg
biggeft. and Wefternmoft is call'd Ellzahetljs ; thd
middle- moft and Southernmoft is call'd St.George'si
and by fome Pengu'msJjle , and indeed there m
many Penguins on it. This Evening I got up id
Elizabeth's^ and anchored in eight Fathoms ad
an half fine black Sand, two miles off'the Ifland
The Eaft- point bears South and by Eaft of me
Fsir W(?ather all Night, the Wind at South and bj
Weft. Th
iLl
to the Str eights of Magellan- 6j
ThisMorning I went afliore onElizaheih'sIJland,
i at my landing nineteen of the Country-peo-
ilecame off the Hills to me.- I had Conference
uihthem, and exchanged Knives and Beads for
uch things as they had ; which were Bows and
[rows, and their Skin-Coats, which are made of
im^^Guianacoes skins; I gave them a Hatchet and
fnlves, and Beads, and Toys, Trumps, ©c they
^ein'd to be very well pleafed ; I lliew'd thetn
[old, which they would have had ; T made chcni
^s, that if they had any , I vvoukl give them
iives and Beads, &c. for it, or it any where in
lie Land. I laid Gold and bright Copper into
lie Ground, and made as if I found it there, and
y to and fro on the Earth as if I looked for
Ich things ; they looked one on another and
Ue to each other Ibme words, but I couki nor
^rceive that they underftood me,or what I meant;
prthat they knew Gold , or any other Metal;
key would gladly have had every thing they faw ;
|ey tried to break the Boats Iron grapencl with
ones , and would have carried it away ; I let
km alone , and obferved their adions and be-
mour, which was very brutidi .- They catch'd
everything they could reach,althoughIcaurcd
[em to fit down, and I put itrings of Beads about
eir Necks ; ftill they .defired more .- My Lieu-
nant Feckett danced with them hand in hand ,
Ifeveral of my Men did dance with them, and
rieall the ftiew of Friendih'^. as was pollibie:
|y Lieutenant changed his Coat for one of theirs,
they defired it becaufe it was red, which co-
ur they much elleem. I was in great hopes I
might
Fir
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If P '''
W'
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6a, Sir John Narbrongh'i Foyage
might find Gold among them : I gave them all
the courteous Refpedt I could. Atter two hours
Conference with thenn, I made figns I would go
and get more things , and come again to thcir.;
They went, and would have us to Land again un
dcr a Cliff, which I judge was their Defign, ti
heave (lones into the Boat to fink her , for thi
place was very convenient for fuch a purpofc,
They fet themfelves down on the Grafs, and m
mediately fet Fire on the Grafs, on the fide of thi
Bank : By what means they got Fire fo fuddenl
I could not underftand. I went and ^^"ndedttiHrjyyg'^^V
Channel between ElizaletUs'IJland^ and S. Bank
hmews-Jjland, and found it*a fair Channel to Sai
through, of a mile broad neareft and deep W
ter .• in the middle thirty eight Fathom , a^
nine and ten Fathom near ihe Shore-fide, gravelj
.Sand.
Thefe People are of a middle (lature , boi
Men and Women, and well limbed, and roundil
Faced, and well iliaped, and low Fore-hsadei
their Nofes of a mean rize,their Eyes of the rneft'^ ml^^^
and black J they are fmooth and even toothed al(,|f- ' i.^*^
clofe fet and very white ; fmall Ears ; their HJ^^jj. 'i ^ ,
is linooth flag Hair, and very black and harlli * ° ^" ^
the fore- part, even and round ; and the Locks
a mean length, both Men and Women alike .- th|
are full Breaded, they are tawny Olive-coloj
and redded all over their Bodies with red Eai
and Greafe ,• their Faces dawbed in fpots do
their Cheeks with white Clay , and fome bl;
(Ireaks with fmut, in ho Method ; their Arms
Feet the like : they have fmall Heads and
Fingei
t
Ifiiigcrs.- t
going and i
hm of Sc
iw'td toge
V^n form (
r accordin
[liey wrdp ;
oth \\\s PL
kir Feet p
om the Gn
idure coJc
•hen they a
cm Head t(
cr; for it
e Hills all
air on their
orer their P
omen whi(
ifethe Me
ily thG Mei
Bc'd,- the
fakratJing
icn/hri/ler a
^ffih, but w
r one wore
ly thing,
ir Throats
^erFi/liorl
nt, but eve
:5 do'
to tbc Slfeights 0/ Magellan.' 6*5
Ifiiigcrs; they are adlive in, Body, and nimble in
going and running ; their Cloathing is pieces ot*
Jjkins of Seals, and Guianacoes, and Otters skins
ievved together, and fewfed foft • their Garment
kin form of a Carpet, of about five feet fquare,
)r according to the largenefs of the Perfon ; this
[hey wrdp about their Bodies, as a Scotriflo Man
ioth his Pladd'mg : they have a Cap of the Skins of
"owls, with the Feathers on ; they have about
pieir Feet pieces of Skins tied to keep their Feet
rom the Ground : they are very hardy people to
[pdure cold, for they leldon' wear tliis loofe skiri
I'heii they arcftirring, but are al) naked of Body
rom Head to Feet,and do not fhrink for the wea-
'cr ,• for it was very cold when I faw them, and
le Hills all covered with Snow .* they have no
[airon their Bodies nor Faces, nor any thing to
[over their Privy Parts, excepting fome of the
I'omen which had a Skin before them ; other-
fife the Men and Women are cloathed alike ;
ily the Men have Caps and the Women none :
^he Worhen wear Bracelets of Shells about their
fecks, the Men none : the Men are fomewhat
(rger than the Woinen in (lature, and more fu\\
ic'dj the Men have a harfli Lanj^uage, and
:ak ratling in the Throat, and grofs, the Wo^
bfhriller and lower : they pronounce the word
irfdy but what it means 1 could not underfland,
5r one word they fpake. If they did not like
ly thing, they would cry Ur, l/r, ratling irt
;ir Throats : their food is what they can get,
ther FifliorFlcfli ; they are under no Govern-
|fnt, but every man doth as he thinks fit ; for
F they
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66 Sir John Narbrough'j Voyage
they had no refpedl to any one, nor under any 0-
bedience oF any in this Company ; neither did
they make any (liew of VVorfliipping any thing,
either Sun or Moon, but came dircdly to us at
our firft going on Land making a noife, and every
Man his Bow ready (trung,and two Arrows a Man
in their Hands. Their Bows are about an Ell long,
and their Arrows are near eighteen Inches long,
and neatly made ot Wood, and headed vvithTlint
flones, neatly made broad Arrow-lafhion , well
faflned to the Arrow ; and the other end is feather.
ed with two Feathers, and tied on with the Gut
of fome Bead, when it is green and moifl ; tlie^^g j.^ r •
Bow-firing is fome twilled Gut. Thefe People»Q^ y ^
have very large mungrcl Dogs, much like the>racwQj.f|j^g/i '
of Span'tjh Dogs, and are of leveral colours : I diiBy j^ j^ •'
not fee any other domeflick Creature they haveMj^y^ ^^ •
neither could I at this time fee their Boats; ^^arpcnters v
they lay at the other end of the liland, next tii»ter/ide sro
Main ; they waited on this Idand for an opportU'" •■ - °
nity of fair Weather, to go to the other liland:
for Penguins, there being great numbers of iWi^
Birds of the fouthermoft of the three Iflands, a:
many other white-breaftcd Divers.
ohoher 30. To Night I anchored in a fmal
Bay in eleven fathom Water, gravelly Ground
half a mile off the Shore ; no Tide runs here
to thwart up a Ship ,• the Water rifeth and fa
perpendicular ten Fecc. This Bay hath two
vulets of frefli W^ater in it , and good Timbei
trees of eighteen Inches through, and near fori
Feet long : the Wood is much like a Beech,- he
are wild Currant trees.and many fuch like Buflie:
t'
id
ai
^)
.an
velll
ler.
Gutl
tlitl
opkl
racel
Idii
lavej
i tht
ortw
landi
fmal
lund
ire
fa'
Imbei
for
;he,
/t? /^^ Streights of Magellan; 6'^
he Woods are very thick and green , and m ich
Id Wood lies on the Ground, fo as there is t\6
ravelling into the Woods. I was alhore looking
and fro here three hours : I call'd this Frefl?-
'iter Bay ; thiisis near nine Leagues to the South-
ard of Sweep/lakes Bay. Sand-point is a mead
w Point, lies out more than the other Points of
e Shore, and few Trees grow on it.
It is fix Leagues from Frejh- water Bay^ to Port
m South and North from the one to the point
the other: that neareft Port Famen cannot be
n, as you come from the Northward, till you
me to bring the Point S. Anne up on the North-
left of you, for the Bay lies up in a little hook
lorth weft, and the Land on the Weft fide of the
y is low in a Point, and Tandy, and fome Graf^
ows on it, and much drift- Wood lies on it like
arpcnters-yard .* a little within Land trom the
aterfide grow brave green Woods,and up in the
Keys, large Timber-trees, two foot throughout
id fome upwards of 40 Feet long ; much like our
ch timber in England., the Leaves of the Trees
like green Birch-tree Leaves, curioufly fwcet ;
Wood Ihews in many places is if there wxre
ntatioris : for there are feveral clear places in
Woods, and Grafs growing like fenc'd Fields
ngland ; the Woods being focven by the fides
and on Point Saint Anne as you come
from the Northward , you will lie good
es and tall Trees grow on the very point of it :
s Point is rocky on the Shore-fide, but no dan-
lies of it; you may be bold on it to get intd
't Famen Bay.
F 2- Here
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68 Sir ]ohn l^arhtough! s Voyage ■ ^^
Here is good Wooding and Watering, and l^y 7imb(
good catching of Filhwith the Seyne or Net. !■ ' ^^j.^
haled above ^roo large Fiflies aihorc at oncB. ^jjg pp.
Hale, much like a Mullet, all icaly Fiihcs. HereK-QQj jj^, .
are many large Smelts of lo Inches long, andftjech! Hei
many Anchovies, and fome fmall ^cates-lg ^-^^^ • ;
Here is great plenty of Filh, fo much as we ^eedtjf fi^^Q^^'
wholly on it, and fait up much of the MltM^^rr . there
and Anchovies. Here grow many Trees of goodBj^ouid not
large Timber forty inches through: the LeavAjmy ^\^^^
are green and large, much like Bay- tree Leaves i*,,, .^j ^^
England^ the Rind is grey on the outfidc aniefome He
pretty thick fined. This Rind or Bark ot thelMQ^ (j^jj^j-jj^
Trees, if you chew it in your mouth, is hottcM(jpj.gfty ^,^
tnan Pepper, and quicker. It is of a fpicy/w/ftj of a era'
when it is dry. I cut of the Bark and made uftg^j brown
of it in my Peafe, and other provifionsinfteadoBroQjj s^^^
Spice, and found it very wholeiomc and goodl-QQ^j^ ^
wc (Iccpcd it in our water, and drank it, andiBj^^j jjjj ^i
gave the water a pretty flavour. There grow oB^^^ Famen
thefe Trees in the Woods^ in many places in d
Str eight on both Ihores, and on tlie Coafts
both fides of Patagotita^ before you enter thei
This may be the Winter-Bark of the fliops, whi
has an Aromatick pepper like or fpicy tafte.
Port Fanten lies in the Lat of 5:3 ^/. 5 5 w. Sout
and in Longitude Weft from the Lizard 6"^ d. 9
and Meridian diftance 1092 Leagues Weft, as
Account is in my failing. This Voyage I give
credit to the plain Sailing : therefore ttiisi)/i?n^/i
diftance fignifies very little as to Navigation.
I travelled in many places, but could not
gny Fruit-trees, or Oak, or Aih, or Hafel,
ai
\kln landi
[ops of them
pfe Mou
pnow Wqs CO
peSouth-ih
I ^aw ma
Ciore-fldes, a
fome Whales
I do veriJ}
jiiere \s fome
be Man tha
fountains,
ny Ring.
'!!
to the Streights of Magellan. ^9
Ijnv Timber like ours in England : Here are but
t',vo forts ot* Timber in all thefc Woods, and one
i5 the Pepper rind Tree, which is indifferent
Wood, and the other is the Timber much lilfc
Beech. Here arc the bed and biggeft Trees in all
the Streights ; here are Trees ot two foot and an
lialf through, and between thirty and forty feet
long ; there may be great Planks cut out of em.
jl could not fee any Grains of Metal or Mineral
any place, and 1 looked very carefully in Gul-
[lies,and places where Water had guttered. Here
re feme Herbs to be plucked up, as we boiled
orSalleting.and green Grafs with it, which relilh-
dpretty well. The Land in the Woods is dry,
od of a gravelly and fandy Soil, and fome places
ic u»ood brown Earth ; it is bad travelling in the
eadoi\voocls for old Trees and Under- Woods .• The
,Voods trentall upon the fides of the Hills,* the
and all about on the North- weft and We(^ of
'art Fawe»y trents up to very high Hills, and
he In land is very high Hills ; for we can fee the
ops of them all barren and ragged, peeping over
hofc Mountains next to the ^hore-fide ; much
now lies continually on them. The Land on
he South' Ihore is very high and peaked.
I faw niany Ducks and Brant Geefe on the
liore- fides, and in the frelh Waters,together with
be Whales fpoutingin the Main Channel.
I do verily believe that in thefe Mountains,
there is fome Metal, either Gold or Copper ,• for
lie Man that went aboard, pointed up to the
ountains, and fpake to me when 1 iliewed him
nyRing. Thefe people ear up the Provifioti
F 5 wiiich.
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'70 •S/V John Narbrough'j Voyage
which was carried to them , and grcafed thciia.
felves all over with the Oil,and grealed their Skin-
Coats with it : I made ilgns to them to go and
get fome Gold and bring it to mc .- fome ot them
went away to their Boats, the reft fat ftill on the
Grafs , talking one to another , and pointing to
the Ship. Their Language is much in the Throat,
and not very fluent, but uttered with good deli-
beration: I could not perceive but only the
younger were obedient to the elder, and the Wo-
men were in obedience to the Men ,• for I took
the Mens Coats and put about the Women, but the
Men would not fuffer them to keep the Coats long,
and themielves to be naked, but took the Coats
from the Women, and put them about themfelves:
I proffer'd them to exchange one of my Lads for |
one of theirs, and they laughed ; but the MUn
Lad would not go with me , but hung back: l|
gave to the Men Knives and FiOi-hooks, and to j
the Lads Jews-trumps and Pipes, and to the Wo-
men Looking glafles and Beads. I did this to I
gain their Loves, and in hopes to have Trading I
with them for the future ; for they refus'dl
Brandy.
Cape Frownrt! IS the fouthernmoft Land of the |
great Continent of America^ and it is very high
Land on the back-fide of it ; the Face is fte^pup,
of a Cliff of Rocks, and it is blackilh grey, of
a good height, and deep Water very near it. I
founded with my Boat to clofe to it, and had forty
Fathom ; A Man may lay a Shipclofe tothe face
of the Cape ^ for there is Water enough.- there
is no Ground in the Channel at two hundred Fa-
■■" ' ■ ' . , : thorns,
the Streights of Magellan, 7 1
thorns, and but little ^\^z , or any ripling as I
la\v,but a fair Cliannel to fail througliout ; oi tlirec
Leagues broad Irorn the North- ll)orc to the South -
lliore. It is bed tor a Ship to keep nearer tlie
Xortli-fliore than the South-lhorci for the Winds
are more generally of the Wcllcrn Quarter.
Qapehrowiird, in MtigeUan Stre/ghts, lies in the
I Latitude of ^}<^. 52W. South.
And in Longitude Weft, Irom tlie Lizard^ in
England 6Sd.^zr». Well.
And in Meridian diftance in Leagues 1099,
land two Miles Weft.
The Compafs hath fixteen degrees of Variati-
lon Eafterly at Cape Frowarr/. As to the Firli-
ning Points I cannot fay any thing; I wanted a
I Needle.
Novewher .'^. 1670. I was in VVoo(fs Ray^ call'd
fobymy Mate's Name. November ^. 1 was a-
breft of Cape Holland y near which lies Cape Co-
mutry and j4ndrews Bay, alfo Cordes and Fojtcues
%, Cape and Port Gallant : V>ut lor a more :xa(^
ISituation of the feveral Promonrone^Bays.Portf,
IRivulets, Soundings, fe'c. I refer the Reader to
Itlie large Draught of the Magellan Streights, drawn
|by my own Hand on the place.
A-breft of the Bay, two Leagues off^ is the Jfland
rvliich I caird Charles' sljlandznd Monmoutlfs Jjland-^
|more to the Weftward is James s Ifljind, and Ru-
fsrt's Ifland, and the Lord Arl/mjons fjland, and
peEarl o{ Sandwklis Ijland, and Secretary Wren'-.
mud: this Reach I call'd Englifh Reach ; a
League more to the Weftward of FoJhnes Bay. v:
Ufe Gallant,
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The Strciglit flicws riovv, as it' tlicre were no
farther pafTaRc to tlic Weflward .• tor the South
Land rounds up ib much to the Nortli-weftward,
that it fliuts againd the North Land to a Man's
{ight. At this diftancc I faw two large Openings I
into the South Land, one oppofite to CharhA
Ifliwd, the other more to tlie Weftward, up of
the round South liite. There I iaw many Whales!
fpouting, that place I called Whale Bay. I fawi
icveral Brant-gecfe and Ducks here ; I left in the
hdiafis Hpufes Beads and Knives, in hopes of fur-
ther Commerce: I faw on the South fide a Fiicl
made on the Grafs by the Natives.
From the Pitch of Cape Froiv.a^, to the Pitch!
o^ Cape Holland^ the Streight lies in the Channell
A\'efl: and by North, neareft, and is diftant full five|
Leagues J and from the pitch of Cj^^ //o//W, tc
the pitch of Cape Gallant^ the Streight lies in the
Channel Weft and by North, a little NortherlyJ
and is diftant eight Leagues. From the Pitch ot|
Cape Gallant., to a low Point three Leagues to the
Weftward, the StrcishtlicsintheChannel North]
weft and by U'cft, a little Northerly. Thii
Reach is not more than two miles broad, fron
the North- fliore to the Ifltnds, which 1 called
The Royal Ijles : When I was a-brcaft of the WeilJ
ermoft Ifland, which I called Rupert's Ifland,
being on the middle of the Channel with theShi[
fhot ofTone of my Sakers with a lliot, and thj
iliot lodg d clofe to the Iftands fide. This loJ
Point, a breaft of Rnpert's Jjland, on the Nort|
fhore, I called Point-Fajfage. This Evening at
of the Clock, I was iliot paft Foint-Fajfage, hail
to the Str eights of Magellan. 7 }
I mile to the Wcdward oF it j having a fine Ea-
lllerly gale.
Monday^ t^o-vemher 7. Cloudy gufts, foggy
heather^ the Wind at VVcfl: , and iometimcs at;
IXorthweft: I rode fad all day clofc aboard the
kore. This Afternoon I went in my Boat over
Lthc South- fide, oppodte to E/izahth's Bay, at
[he Point call'd kf%i/€ Pointy for the many Whales
[pouting thereby. I travell'd up the Hills two
rtilcs, but could not fee any Gold or Metal ; the
Land very irregular and Rocky, with mofly kind
II Grafs growing on it, and very boggy and rot-
lea j ibr I thrull down a Lance of fiicteen Feet
ong, into the Ground, with one hand very eafily.
kre grow many Juniper Trees, fome of a foot
iroughoutjthe Wood not very fwcet. Here I favv
oany Brant-Geefe and Ducks, much Snow on the
nland Mountains , fo as I could not travel any
arther : I returned down to the Boat again : I
\\v where the Natives had been by the evening
|fthe Grafs, but I could not have a fight of any.
lere are many good Mufcles on the Rocks of five
dies long , and good Fiih in them, and many
ted Pearls in every Mufcle: Here are alfo large
[impets, and Sea-eggs among the Rocks.
All the Ripling is not worth the taking notice
|f, for it is but an hours time on both Tides Ebb
nd Fioud, when the Tide runs flroiig i neither
^e the Tides any thing prejudicial to the Navi-
^tion of theStreight, but rather advantagious to
flp to turn from Road to Road either way : For
[have had a benefit of them in plying from place
place. The Weather indifferent this Atter-
noon-
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74 Sir John Narbrough'x Voyage ■ fc?
noon ; I went afliore after I had done Soundin" Bit at high ^
but law no People, nor any Metal ; the Wood;, Bor nine ^ee
very thick, and feveral Trees of the hot Bark, [\\Msmhelors
other Trees much hke Beech-timber: fome DucksBin the ^/re-;
and Brant-Gcefe fccn on the Shore fide. Borten, or t
TheStreight in this Reach between £//24^f/M8 fair birth
Bay and St. Jeroms River is about two Leagues,B(linary, and
broad and high Land on the South fide ; whichBard, and t
hath feveral brave Coves on it like theWet DocMms Chann
at DeptfortfjZnd fafe to lay Ships in them from eiBjomes along
thcr much Wind or any Sea. This Bay I call'tBliis Road t
Mufcle Bay, for in it there are many and great plenM^^.* This
ty of good Mufcles. The Shore-fides arc rockyBcrly Winds
iteep too in mofl places; no Ground in the maiiBeither ihall
Channel at an hundred Fathom ; alfo in theBavBive way, he
.on the South- fide it is deep Water, and fmalBavvay ; for
IHands lie in the Bays, and clofc along the Southfcnds that b
iliore lie fmall Iflands. Here are many WhaleBoop to thefe
and 1 faw many Penguins, and fome Seals. Tlilnd the Wefl
Shores are woody on both fides, but ragged Timlen, are mac
ber and boggy Ground ; the tops ot the HillBe Mountain
bare Rocks and irregular. Several flreams m Winds feic
Snow-water run down in the Cliffs of the HillBve obfervec
two Leagues to thcWeftward of Elizakif/s BMthQEaf^y t
On the North fiiore the Land is low and woodBe, and the]
near the Water-fidc, and up of a Valley in thBees are ftre
Low-land: In this Valley there runs a frcfhwBills, but or
ter-River; I went into it with my Boat: ItBeesare mu<
but fliallow at low Water, hardly AVater enoiigl|ppIed, and
for my Boat ; Here I faw feveral Arbours of tBge the Wat(
hdians making, but no People. This River lAt Cape Qui
a very convenient place to lay Shallops, », as if th
fuch like fmail Vcfleis in it,- they may go iilBimake nca
to the Streighti of Magellan. 7 5
lit at high Water, for the Tide rifeth here eight
or nine feet : this River I call'd by the Name of
mcbeiors River. Before the mouth of this River,
pthQStre/ghts^ there is good anchoring, in nine,
|cr ten, or twelve Fathom Water, Tandy Ground ;
la fair birth off the Shore : the Tide runs but or-
linary, and theFloud-tide comes from theWeft-
lard, and the Tide that comes out of St. jF^-
►#'s Channei,makes a ripHng with the Tide that
[omes along the dream of the Streight : I call'd
iis Road that is before Batchelors River , Tork-
imi: This is a good place to ride in with We-
ockyjlcrly Winds, for here cannot go any great Sea ;
; mai
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either Ihall a Man be embayed ^ that if a Cable
ive way, he may have the Streight open to carry
away ; for the Weflerly Winds are the greatcll
inds that blow here by the Trees, for they all
oop to thefe Winds , and lean to the Eaftward ;
d the Weft-fide of all the Trees that (land o-
n, are made flat with the Winds : the tops of
e Hilllie Mountains look to the Eaftward ,• the Eafter-
ims A Winds feldom blow ftrong here as to what I
Hi»e obferved. By the Shore fide which lies open
/;£<:■ the Eaft, the Grafs grows down to the Water-
woodBe, and they are the greener Shores , and the
in thftees are ftreight and tall on the Eaft-fide of the
fhwlills, but on the Wcftfliores, the Grafs and
: ItMees are mucli weather-beaten, worn away, and
lenouBppied, and the Shore fides much tewed with the
of tBge the Waters.
iver lAt Cape Quad^ the Land fliuts one with the o-
)s , Wi as if there were no farther pafTagc : But as
io ii!v make nearer to it, you will fee the opening
more
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more and more, as the Streight rounds there more
to the Northw-ard again. Cape. Quad is on the
North-fliore i and it is a deep upGr/>^,of a rocky
greyifhFace, of a good height before one comes
at it: it iliews like a great building of a Caftk;
for it points off with a Race from the other
Mountains, fo much into the Channel of the
Streight , that it makes ihutting in againft the
South- land, and makethan Elbow in the Streight. I
The Streight is not paft four miles broad here,
from fliore to fiiore,* and the Land is deep too
on both fides, and rocky ; the Mountains high
on both Shores, and craggy barren Rocks .• fome
Trees and Bullies growing here, and much Snow
on the Mountains on both fides. Oppofite to CtM
Quad on the South fide, there is a fine large Bay,
Mi^hich is caird Rider s Bay : I did not go into it;}
if there be Anchoring in it, it is a fair Road fori
any Winds .• the Water is very deep here in the|
Channel, no Ground at one hundred Fathom;
this part of the Streights , from Point Pajfave ro
Cape Quad , is the mod crooked part of all the
Strc ght ; therefore I call'd this Crooked Read\
Here are two fmalllflands in the North fliore, to
the Eaflward of Cape Quad.
November 14. This Morning 1 was a-breft
Cape Munday ; fo I call'd it , it beiiig a Cape oil
the South- fide, and is diftant from Cape de Q3\
about thirteen Leagues : the Streight here is
bout four miles broad, and the North-lhore make
into the Land with great founds and brokenlllandj
the Land on both Shores is high rocky Hills, ar
barren , very little Wood or Grafs growing
rlicii
to the Str eights of Mageliari. 77
Itlictn: Here at Cape Mun Jay y the Streight grows
broader and broader to the Weft ward, but keeps
alloneCourfe, North- weft and by Weft to Cape
\l] fright ; which is a fteep upright CHfF on the
South fide, and it is diftant from Cape Munday
four Leagues. Here the Streight indines to the
Weftward near half a Point : the Streight lies
trom Cape Munday Weft north- weft , half a Point
Kortherly right out into the South Sea , if you
be in the middle of the Channel , or nigh the
K'orth-fliore j I find little or no Tide to run here,
or Current : no Ground in the Channel at two
hundred Fathom, a Musket fliot off the Shore,
on either fide. Here run into the South-fliore
many Sounds and Coves ; I have fail'd fair along
by the South-fliorc all this day; for the North-
llliorc makes in broken Iflands and Sounds : Here
[lie all along the South- lliore feveral Imall Iflands,
|but no danger , for they are all fteep too : the
Streight is a very fair Channel to fail throughout.
(This day at Noon, I was a-brcaft of an Ifland ,
Ivhich lies on the North Ade of the Streight, I cal-
led it Wefiminjler IJland; there lie a great many
IHands between that and the North fliore, and to
peEartward and Weftward, and alio fome broken
jround, and Rocks lie about it ; Thefe Iflands I
d the Lawyers , and this Ifland whichlcaird
kjimKjier Jjland, is an high rocky Ifland Ihewing
Ike Weflminfler-Hall ; the Streight is five Leagues
bad, between IVefimhJlar Ifland and the South-
pre; but between that and the North (liore,
fhere are many r«cky Iflands and broken Ground,
The
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The Straight lies from Cape Mutiday to Qaf(
Dejfeada^ Welt- north- well,and Eaft fouth ealt, half
a point Northerly , and half a point Southerly,
neareft , and they are diftant from one another
near fifteen Leagues : From Cape Quad to Capt
Dejfeada^ it is about twenty eight Leagues ,• and
the Streight lies near North- weft, and by Weft
from Cape Quad into the South-Sea, and near in
one Reach, which 1 c^XYdLon^ Reach: and fome
of my Company call'd it Long- Lane. This part
may properly be call'd the Streights ; for it is
high Land all the way on both Shores, and bar-
ren Rocks , with Snow on them ; and indeed
from Cape Quad into the South Sea, I call'd this
Land South Defoktion^ it being fo deiblji(tc Land
to behold.
Cape Dejfeada liea in the Latitude of 53 </. iow.|
South.
In Longitude Weft from the Lizard of En^-
land yid. $6in.
And in Meridian diftance 1 149.
The Compafshath 14^. 10 m. Variation Ea-
fterly here.
Cape Pillar lies in the Latitude of 53 ^. ^^m.
In Longitude Weft from the Lizard oi England
yid. 49>».
And in Meridian diftance 1 1 48 Leagues WeflJ
I make the whole length of the Streights c(
Magellan^ from Cape i^irgin-Mary to Cape DejfeaM
with every Reach and turning , to be one hunj
drcd and fixteen Leagues .• and fo much I faii'd
from the one Sea to the other, according to mj
tftimation.
to the Str eights of Magellan^ 79
The bed Land-fall in my Opinion, is to make
lie face of Cafe DeJ[feada for to come out of the
outh Sea to go into the Streight of Magellan j
y lie in Eafl and Weil at the firft, till you come
ibrdl of Cape Pillar ; then the Courfe is South-
all and by Eaft nearefl. Be careful to keep the
outh-lhore in fair view ; for the North-lhore is
jioken Iflands and Sounds, tliat a Man may mi-
jake the right Clwnncl or Streight, and fteer up
U one of them, as he comes out from the South-
, if he lofe fight of the South- flhore.
Here lie four Tmall Iflands at the North part of
mouth of the Streight, m the South-Sea ; they
pretty near together ,- the Eailermoft (lands
gly by it felf, and is round copling up of a fair
fight like an Hay-cock, or Sugar-loaf: the other
are flattifh ; they lie from Cape Pillar North-
|)rth-we(l, by the true Compals of 6 Leagues off;
ey are diftant from Cape yiHory , near four
agues South-weft ; I calf d them The Ijlands of
m^hn : they are good wifhing to fall with the
[outh of the Streight.
\}^in)emhr a 6. The Land makes in Iflands, ly-
near the main Land, is high and large Hijls
[land, which (Iretch North and South, fomc
low lying in the tops of the higheft Hill. At
\k of the Clock I made the Kland of Nuejira
ma delSocoro ; in the Spanifh Tongue it is cal-
\1ht Jjlancl of our Lady of Sucore; I fteer'd witfl
iNorth-caft and by Eaft ; it made rounding up
Itlie Eaftermoft end , and lower in the middle
M at either end .• it maketh with a ridge run-
jig from one end to the other, and Trees grow-
ing
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80 Sir John Narbroiigh'j Foyags
irtg on it: the Shore- fide is rocky on the Soutli.l
lide of the Ifland, and fome broken Rocks lie near!
the Shore-fide; and on the South-eaft end of the!
Ifland there ftand two peaked copling Rocks clofef
to the Shore; they are white on the top withFowN
dung. The Ifland is of a fine heighth, and alj
woody dn the North-fide of it ; the Trees growi
down to the Water-fidc , and frefh Water run]
down in five or fix Gullies : the Woods are all
green, and very thick fpicy Trees,
Meridian diltanee, at Noon, from Cape Ptkri
Eail 10 ^/. o w. 4 ten.
Longitude at Noon fromCape Pi//ar, Eaft i,
19 fn.
Longitude at Noon , from the Lizard^ Wel|
7 1 </ 41 w.
Meridian diftance, at Noon, from the L'rnr^
Weft 1 128 leag. i mil. 9 ten.
The Ifland Nnefira Senora d't Socoro^ lies in tli
Latitude of forty ^vz degrees South, and in Loij
gitude Eaft from Cape Pillar one Degree ninetee
Minutes ; Meridian diftance from Cape Pi liar ^h
2.0 leag. o win. 4 ten.
Meridian diftance from the Lizard, Weft in
^eg* 1 min. 9 ten.
Longitude from the Meridian of the Lizdr\
Weft 7 1 deg. 42, win.
The Compafs hath eleven Degrees, Variatiij
Eafterly here.
I went aftiore with my Boats for freflii Watj
which I had them laden with prefently ; for here
freih Water enough, and very good .- I learcli
the Shore what I could , I faw an old Hutt
Arbc
to the Str eights of Magellan/ 8 i
Arbour of t\\tlHf!ia>is making, and icvcral (licks
that were cut, but all oki done. I could not fee
anyfign of People on the Iflnnd now; I believe
the People come rambling tothis Jfland Jrom the
Main in the beft feafon ot" the Year to get young
I Fowls : Tor I do not fee any thing elfe in the ffland
for the fuflenance of Man's Lile ; I could not fee
any kind of Mineral or Metal: the Soil is a Tandy
black Earth, and fomc Banks of Rocks : the Tfland
is irregular , and grown all oVcr with impene-
trable thick Woods, fo as I could not fee the in-
Kvard part of it : the Woods are ordinary Tim-
jber, none that T faw was fit to make Planks of;
nature ot the Wood is miich like Beech and
|Bircli,and a fort of heavy Wood good for little but
[the fire, it is white ; no Fruit or Herbs ; very little
Jrafs, the Woods are fo thick ; much kind of long
ledgy Grafs ; no wild Bea't to be feen ; feveral
Ifmall Birds in the Woods like Sparrows .- there
ftrefeveral Fowls like Kites in the Woods, feveral
black and white Brant Geefe and pied Shags, and
khcr fuch Sea Fowls, as Pinks and Sea mews:
that elfe the Idand affords I cannot tell. I made
Fire on the Shore , in hopes to have fome an-
\m of It on the Main, but had not. At Noon
luent abbard, and fent my Boats alliore again
[or more Wood and Water , whild the Weather
ertnitted landing.
Movemler 30. This Forenoon I was over oti
he main fide, the Ship lay offj and in. I wenti-
liore with my Boat on an Ifland which lieth ad-
Bcent to the Main : There runs a Channel be-
iveen that and the Main , and many Rocks lie
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Zz Sir John NarbroughV Voyage
in it, and tbui GrounJ, fo as I durfl; not venture
the Ship in it. This Iflaiid lliewetl as iF it had
been the Main. , till I went to it with the Boat;
being about tour Leagues long from the North-
point to the Soutli point, and in Ibmc places a
League broad. 1 he Kland is of a mean height,
and in fome places two Leagues broad, and grown
all over with Woods very thick; the Timber is
fuch like as is on the Ifle of Socoro. I could noti
fee any kind of Mineral or Metal in it ; the Shore
fide Tandy in many places, and rocky in others
the Earth on this liland is of a Tandy black foil
but very wet with the continual Rains that an
liere. Not finding this noted in my Draughts,
cali'd it after my own Name NarhrougU s IJland'^
took polIefTion of it for his Majefty and his Heirs
I could not lee any People, or any Tign of thei
here.
South eaft {"romNarlrough's Iflaftii on the Mail
diflant about three Leagues , there runs into tl
Land a River or Sound, and Tome broken grou
lies before it. The Shore- Tide is rocky, and tlBlliis Tlland
Hills arc high in the Land on both Tides of pat the So
This opening lies in Eaft and Weft ; I take it
that place which in the Draughts is cali'd Sitl
Domingo. This place lies in the Latitude of fo
Tour Degrees, fifty Minutes Souths and more
the Southward thereof lie many round copli
high Iflands grown over with Woods : all aloKght Coad
the Coafts as far as I could Tee, there lie IflaiMldown vcr
adjacent to the Main , and they are of a gr* many l[]
height. Ptherly, in
f) bat none
Mouth of
^alTe in h^
not make
^■^^^ on it,
to the Streights of Magellatir 8 j
this Day all the Bread in the Ship iscxpcnd-
I: all thcCompaay of the Ship, my feif, as well
;any other, eat Peafe in lieu of Bread ; my Com-
iny are all indifferent well in healtli , I thank
■ for it, being feventy two in Company : no
lilh to be taken with Hooks.-many Porpufles {^t^^
fome Whales: fevcral Sea Fowls feen fwim-
Lg to day .• much Wind to Night at North-
ed: I ride fall:, but doubtiul of ray Cable.
^Ho-Mans Jjlattd lies in the Latitude of forty
Jrec Degrees , forty feviJli Minutes South , and
I Longitude Weft, from the Lizard in England
mty one degrees, thirty two minutes. And in
feridian diftance from the Lizard of England y
he thoufand one hundred and twenf y fix Leagues
kd one Mile ; and in Meridian diflance from.
w Pillar Eaft, twenty two Leagues, two Miles,
hdtwo tenths ,• and in Longitude Eaft from Cape
pr, one degree, twenty nme minutes t-. The
Iriation of the Compals is ttn degrees Eafterly
|re.
This Tiland is that which the Draughts make to
I at the South- end of the Ifland oi Cafiro^ at
Mouth of the going in of that Channel, wlLch
|between Cajlro and the Main ^ the Draughts
falfe in laying down of this Coaft ; for they
not make any mention of the le vera! Iflands
^tlie on it, but lay it down. all along to be a
fight Coaft : the Latitude of molt places are
Idown very near as what I have found. Here
many Iflands adjacent on the Coails more
otherly, in the Latitude of forty five and an
but none are laid down.
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Decemher if. Don Carlos was put afliore, and
carried with him a Sword, and a Cafe of Piftols,
and Iiis bed Apparel, and a Bag with his Beads
and Knives ; together , with Sciflars, Looking.!
glafTes, Combs, Rings, Pipes, Jews harps, BeJls]
and Tobacco ; all which things he had ot mc ti
give to the Natives. At feven oi the Clock Sigm
Carlos was fet alliore, on the bouth (ide ot tin
Harbour of BaUavia without the Mouth of it
Mile, in a fmall Tandy Bay, about two Miles witl
in Point Gallere^ between the Point and the Mout|
of the Harbour. When he was alliore, he tool
his leave of my Lieutenant, and bad him ^o
board and look out lor the Fire in the Night.
went from the Boat along the Sea fide in thepai
toward the Harbour's Mouth : the Men in tl
Boat faw him go along for the diftance of a qui
ter of a Mile , till he turned behind a point
Rocks out of fight. The Shore- fide is lowai
fandy , and fome fcattered Rocks lie in it; t|
Land rifeth trcnting to large Hills : the Land
all woody and very thick , that there is no ti
veiling but by the Water-fide. My Lieutem
went afliore to the edge of the Woods, and
thered feveral green Apples olTthe Trees : fortli|
grow Apple-trees on the Shore fide , much
our EuropeanW'mttv Fruit; the Apples arcbigj
than Walnuts with their fliells on ; whether tl
Trees arc planted by the Spaniards^ or grow
tnrally ni tke Country, I cannot cell.
I do not find any Current or Tide to fct
this Goad, that is any way prejudicial to Nav J'^ ^on^e in
tion;; aeiihcr do I find the Winds to blowTr*^^'^© Erro
to the Streights of Magelian. 8 f
I but they arc vcerable, and are given to blow hard
lontheVVellern Quarter, and rain much.
The Mouth of the Harbour of Balrlavia on the
ICoaftof C/^//f, in the South Sea, lietli in theLa-
[itude of 39 <^. 56 m. South.
And in Longitude Weft , from the Lizard of
And in Longitude Eaft, from Cape Tillar 2 d.
[W.
And in Meridian , diftance from Cape Pi/Iar ,
aft, 4 1 leag. 2 mil, t-.
The Account I make by my failing from the
leridian of the Lizard ^ according to my daily
Recount of m»y Ships way. I do not make any
Iccount of plain Sailing to be fit for vSeamen to
Ibferve ; but the beft Navigation is by Mercator,
filing according to the Circle of the Globe,
fhidi I ever fail'd by, and keep ray Account of
ailing and Wefting by Lorigitude,\Nh[c\\ is the belt
ni moft certain Sailing,to give the true defcripti-
I of the Globe. I have noted down the Meridian
(liance I made daily, whereby fuch Navigators
jii Seamen as know better , may have that to
p them the knowledge of the diftances of
laces, according to their Undenlanding. Moll
four Navigators in this Age fail by the Plain
hart, and keep their Accounts of tlie Ships way
rordingiy, although they fail near the Poles ;
lich is the greateft: Errour that can be commit-
1; for they cannot tell how to find the way
be again , by reafon of tlicir miftake ; as I
[ve fome in the Ship witli me now tliat are in
:fafli© Errour, for want of Underftanding the
G 3 true
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true difference of the Meridian, according to thcif)
Miles of Longitude, in the feveral Latitudes,
could vvilh all Seamen would give over failing ty.
the falfe plain Chart, and fail by Mercators ChanJ
which is according to the truth of NavigationI
But it is an hard matter to convince any of theolj
Navigators, froni their Method ot failing by tM
Plain Chart; (hew mod of them the Globe,yet th?|
will talk in their wonted Road.
At eight of the Clock in the Forenoon, mJ
Boat put from me, and rowed to the Shore witij
in Voiwz-Gallery, to the place where Don Car/os \\i
landed ; I laid off and on with the Ship beforj
the Port ; the Boat rowed all along the Shore bj
the place where Den Carlos was landed, and alon
the Shore in the Harbour. At the Points on tlil
South- fide of the Harbour (lands a fmall Fort(
feven Guns, call'd St.Jamess Fort : l'\y Boat camj
fuddenly on it , and before they ceivcd ittj
be a Fort, they were within fliot or it. The5;j[
»iWj flood on the ihore ; and wafted with
white Flag, and call'd to them; My Lieutenaij
rou cd to them, and asked of them what Coun
try they were? they anfwered, oi Spain : Thej
asked my Lieutenant of what Country he was]
He anfwered, of England; they asked him
come alhorc, which he did, in hopes to have feci
Don Carlos there ; for that Path that Don Cm
w^ent in when he was landed, led diredtly to thj
Fort by the Sea- fide, and it was not a Mile fio|
the Fort to the place where he was landed, fo
he mud go to this Fort, and be upon it before
was aware of it, unlefs he knew it before. Til
p3t|
the Strei^hts of MngcIIan, 87
path went all along between the WooJs and liie
',Sa In the Woods there is no travelling , they
arc {0 thick , and grow on the fide of an Hill ;
|tlie lort (lands juft by the Wood fide on a race of
|the Bank, of /ive yards afcent Irom the >Sea, with
Bank of Karth cafl: up before the Ordnance, and
'ight Pallifadocs plac'd in an Half Moon, lour
ards diflant from the Guns to the Southu ard ;
ivliich l'"'al!iradocs arc to keep the Natives Irom
unning violently on the Ordnance .- lb thefe
marfls guard themfelvcs with long Lances a-
3ii)(l the Natives in the I ort. The Spaniards
JVC Match-lock Mufquctoons , but they are
ry ordinary ones, and they are as lilly in ufing
Iicin.
Ax my Lieutenant's landing, about twenty Spa-
Inds and Indians came to the Watcr-flde in Arms,
nd received him and his Compniy adiore, and
arried him fome twenty yards irom the Water-
ide up the race of the Bank, under a great Tree,
|\vhcre the Captain of thp I'orr, and two other ^z*;?-
T/^Gcntlemenjreceived him under the ihade with
reat Courtefie , after the Sp.-jniar^^ Ceremony ;
hey fat them on Chairs and Benches placed about
|a Table , uAder the lliade; for the Sun ihone
ery warm, it being a very fair Day. The Spa-
'//^Captain call'd Tor Wine, which was brought
ohim in a great vSilver Bowl ,* He drank to my
ieutenant, and bid him welcome afliore , an^j
aufed five of his Ordnance to be fired , beina
i to lee Englijh Men in this place , and told
im that this was 5^/<f//:7i;/j, Ipeakipigvcry kindly,
|and how welcome they were to him : After every
G 4 one
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8 8 6'/> John Narbroiigh'j Voyage
one h^id drank, and my Lieutenant had thanktdj
him for his Entertainment, he defired my Gentle-
men to fit down, and hedifcourfed withthem,3n
ask'd Irom whence they came, and for what wav
they came into this Sea, and what their Captain's
Name was, and if there were Wars in E^ghd.
My Lieutenant anf^ered him to his demanjs
My Lieutenant asked him, if they were inPe:ci
with the hdivis^ He anfvvered, that they wen
at Wars with them round about, wafting his Hiiii
around the Harbour, and that they were valiiii
People and very barbarous, and fought on Horfe-
bact and did them much fpoil • and that two day!
before, the W/j^y came out of the Woods ani
kiU'd a Captain, as he flood ?t his Duty by t;i
fide of the Fort, and cut off his Head, and carr;»
ic way, (licking on their Lance. He iliewed m
Lieutenant the place where the Indians came ot
of the Woods, and the place where theManuii
kill'd. They feem to be very fearful of the/»|
dians , for th^y will not flir any way, but tiie
will have their Piece or their Lance with theni
It is a manifcll: ijgn they are much affr^id >l t!ii
Indians: alfothcy have no more ground thaaihi
Fort ; neither do they clear any of the Wood? 01
this fide of the Harbour^ nor walk at 9 Mr^.j^e
iliot diftance from the Pallifadoes , along tin
Woods fide. The ^^iW/^r^A fay that t lie ham
have much Gold, and that their Armour for tiicj
Breft is fine beaten Gold, ^c.
In the Afternoon a Dinner was brought out
the Fort to the Tent, where they were, and placej
Qn i\vi Tabb; The firfl Courfc was Soppas, thej
'- " OM
to the Stretghts of Magellan, 89
)lIcos, then Pullets, then frefli Fifli, all drefled
th hot Sauce, and very good Diet it was ; the
ftCourfewas Sweet meats .- every Courle was
irved in Silver Dilhes, and all the Plates were
filler, and the Pois and Stew-pors, and all the
cnlils belonging to the drefTing of the Provifi-
is ,verc Silver ; th*? (3arQn wherein they brought
':ter to walh their Hands was in like manner
ot Silver, very large, and the Hilts of the
liJicrs Swords were Silver, but the Hilts of the
icers Swords were Gold of good value: More-
r,tlie Plate at the But end of the Stock of their
ifquetoons was of the fame Metal, and the
loe that the Rod runs in was Silver; as alfo the
oltheGun ft:ick,and their Tobacco Boxcs.and
lafBoxeSjand tiieStaves which they walk with
re headed and ierrclled with Silver, and fer-
lled on the joynts with Silver. Indeed they
Mailers of niuch Silver and Gold, and it
but little efteemed among tlicm. Their
iding was FUta no vallanad.i mu:'>oro in
tour Spanijh Gentlemen dc fired to go aboard
[hmy Lieutenant, and fee the Ship, and Pilot
[into the Harbour, if I would come in, which
[y did not queition but I would, as I under-
led afterward by a Spaniard that came aboard
ne, who revealed to me their whole Defign,
snhey intended to furprife the Ship, which I
rtook care to prevent,givingthcm no oppor-
lity; For it hath been a genera! pradice with
\lfaniards in America, to betray all foreign In-
jlUnthefe parts; as I had read of their trca-^
chcrous
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$o Sir John Narbrough'j ^(J)'^^^
cherous dealings with Captain Havokins at Sainj
Juan de Ulloa.
I had much Difcourfc with the SpaniJhQtwxV
men this day concerning Baldavia^ andtheCouni
try o^ Chile. They tell me they have much Goll
here at BaUavia, and that the Natives do muca
hinder their getting of it ,• for they are at crre
Wars with 'em, and will not permit em to plaoi
any thing near liereabout, nor at Baldavhx^ biil
they come and deftroy it with Fire. And thattJ
Natives are very cruel and barbarous. If thej
take any SpaKiarei^thty c\it ofrhisHead,andca|
ry it aw ay on their Lances end. Thefe Span'mi
tell me,that they live here as the Spaniards ^o\
Matnora in Barhary^ having their Enemies rouJ
about them. Thefe Spaniards fay, that the/WJ
ans are tall Men, and of a Gigantic Stature, an
cxtreamly vaHant, and that they fight on HorfJ
back, eight and ten thoufand Men in Arms, aii
vv ell difciphn'd. The Indians have mucli Goll
and iheir Weapons are long Lances, and BoJ
and Arrows, and Swords, and fome MufqueJ
which they have taken from the Spaniarrls^ aJ
know how toufe them in Service j taking a|
Ammunition, &c. The Indians are very pop
lous in the Land about Baldavia^ and at
and on- the Ifland of Cajho , and at Chile , a|
that they have much Gold on thefe parts aba
Orfone and Chilue, and that they trade with
Spaniards^ and give them Gold.
This Captain faid, that they have fix grj
Ships going yearly from Lima to the Philip
lilands, to the Port of Mannelos^ and that th
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to the Streighti of Magellan, 91
hi'e a great Trade wicli the Chinefes ^ and that
itliefe Sliips fail troin the Callsp that is the P ort of
U0^ in the Month ot January , and their paflage
jtut little more than two Months, from Lima
Ltie port of M^nnelos^ and they fail it withia
[heTropicks, and have much Eaflerly Winds,*
y diey return back by the Northwards, to gain
L Weflerly Winds, which brings them to Cali-
Xmliy and to the Port of Aqaapulco, which lieth
L the Weft Co2L^o{NovaEfpana,'3Lm\ from thence
[hey come to Fjt/^wj, and then to the Port of
\im. They bring rich Lading, much Silks and
)thcrrich Commodities,and Spices and Callicoes.
Mliannelloes have a greatTrade \v\\.\\t\\^'j:afone-
[(nndChftefes, whicii is very beneficial to them.
|"he Captain demanded of me whither I was
ound ? I anfwer'd him, I u as bound for Chifiay
ad that I had rich Lading for that Country; and
liat I only touch'd in at this place, knowing here
lere Settlements of the King of Spahis Subjed:s,
loping here to have Wood and frcih Water, and
tfrelhing for my Men, whereby I might tlie bet-
fcr proceed on my Voyage. He faid, I fliould
avcwhat the Country would afford, and that
lie Captain of the Fort had fent for Provifions
brme, and that I might have Water on the
pte-fide, pointing his hand to the Place which
[as near by; the Captain faid it v/as Aqua dd
f (which is Water of Gold in Englijh?) This
lying caus'd me to laugh; then he faid, it came
Ling from the Hills wlicrc they find Gold, and
|at there was Gold in that Rivulet. I asked
im how they get the Gold ? He laid, they wafli
the
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92 Sir John Narbrongh'/ r<?y^^(5
the Earth which is in the Mountains, and y
the Gold in the Bowl or Tray when the Earchij
walhed out. And they buy much Gold of tlil
InciianSy which they gather in the Gullies of thj
HillSjWhich is waflied in thereby the Rains, an]
fnow diflblved, which defcend from high Moun
tains, which they fay arc very high and barrel
Rocksjthirty Leagues Inland from the Sea-fliorj
The Land between thofe barren Hills and tli
Sea-lhore, is mighty good Land, and the Count
very fruitful, abounding in many Plains, an
much Cattle that the Indians have^ as HorfeSjan
Cows,and Goats and Sheep, which tliey havetj
ken from the Spaniards^ fince they came into tli
Country. The Spaniards call the high rocI(
Mountains the Andes^ and fay that thofe Am
run all along the Land from Magellan Streigli
in a row to S. Martha, which is in terra firma^ nj
far from Cartegean.
Tiie mod Gold in the Land of America is I
Chile, as what is known at this time. But I lij
the Spaniards have but little knowledge of t|
Land all along to the Southward, from BaliA
to the Streights Moutli , as far as I can undf
Hand by them, excepting at the Ifland ot Cam
There they have a Settlement, and ontheMJ
againfl Caflro at a place called Orfono : At thj
two places they have good (lore of GoId,j
there are many Indians; but farther Southej
than Cajiro^ they know nothing of the Counif
orof theSea-Coafl:. Caflro lieth in the Latitj
of 43 d. 30 w, the South-end of the Ifland, 1
the North-end lies in the Latitude of 4i|
4^
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to the Str eights of Magellan^ 9}
flfu.lt is a fine Ifland, and near the Main, there
vvs good Wheat on it. The Spaniards are but
n' in number there, but there are many Indians
idthofe too vahantand of a large llature ; but
It Giants as I underftand : Thefe Indians have
lirs with the Spaniards^ and will not fuffer them
fearch the Country for Wealth.
A Ship brought from Lima Provifions for the
ity of Baldavia and the Forts, and Cloths, and
munition, and Wines, and Tobacco, and Su-
it; and (lie lades away from Baldavia Gold and
oar Stone, and red Wool, fe*c. and Indian
yes that the Spaniards take here in thefc parts;
ley carry them to Feru, and make perpetual
laves of them there; and the Indians o^ Peru they
ing hither, and make Soldiers of them againft
tChiie- Indians y of which Soldiers there arema-
hereabout, whom my Men faw when they
re at the Fort. There were about thirty Indi-
and Mifftejes Soldiers there, and fome fixtecni
ite Men who were Officers. Moreover, the
miards make ufe of the Peru-Indians to Trade
th the Chile-Indians for Gold, although they
at Wars. For they of Chile without doubt are
firous of Trade, whereby they may furniHi
leMftn^felves with Knives, and Sciflers, and Combs,
\t thm which are wanting among them; as alfo witii
o^^'Wmsthat many times by Health are fold to them,
^^^^•o' they be prohibited. Traders will be dealing
'O^flas they can get benefit, they do not confidcr
'^^^m future danger by its means, provided it mils
ndi»inat the pre lent,
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94 S/> John Narbrough'i Voyage
I ask'd them how tar it was to BaUavia ? the
anfweredme, three Leagues, and that the Boatj
could go up to it, and that it was fituateclbytl
fide of the River and the Plains, and that the
were five great Ordnances in a Fort to commam
the City , and that there were one thoufand I
habitants in the City oF all forts of Men, Womei
and Children. I ask'd him , if there were an
paiTage by Land from BaUavia to the other pari
of Chile'i they faid there was, and they lent cv
ry Week, but they went with good Guards to
fccure from the Indians. Then I ask'd them
diey built Shipping here ? they faid No , but
'^elparrazeo the}' did build great Ships. I ask!
'lieni who liv'd in the Illand of Mocba? they fail
IndidnSy many Men and Women, and that thi
vere Poco Amigos to them ; in EnqVifhy they wei
but fmall Friends to the Spaniards. There aBid is t\i^ \\
many Sheep, Goats, Hogs and Hens, which tBth fide of li
Indians will fell for Hatchets, Knives and BeaBfome broke
As tQ the Illand of St. M7ry, the Spaniards are Jeered from
Hers of it, and have a Fort on it with five GuMfie Anchor
but few Spaniards live there; it is plentiful B.Vorth- fide
Provifions, as Hogs, and Sheep, and Corn, aBeFathom \V
Potatoes : and thc-y faid there is fome Gold, tBiVorth-nor
the Indians have on thelOand q{ Mocha., buttWtliat Road,
will not part' from it.The Spaniards did notcareBoth the Ifla
luifwcring rae to fuch things as I would glaBsare butm
have heard of thefe parts ; tor I laid the Draufc from the
of all that Coall: on the Table before them, JntfcetWatc
ask'd them who liv'd at this Port, and wholjfie Iflandof
at that : at fome places they would fay the ■South.
niards liv'd there, and fome the /^^/^/;/i ^ Be JHand of
m< South.
to the
did not c
t\ Difcour]
but little
liward of,
/; living (
Corngi
\ IVheat ; a
'// living ai
i Cafiro, a
arc many
y go m be
not teJl J
leShipsvver
Furniture
le Anchor]
iVorth-nortI
tPathom W
to the Streights of Magellan^ 9 j
did not care to anfwer my defires, but frame
irDifcourfcs to wave mine. I find that they
but little acquainted on the Coafts to the
hward o^BaUavia ; they fay, they have Spa^
h Hving on the Ifland oF Caflro, and thac
Corn grows there, more efpecially Euro,
I, Wheat ; and that on the Main there are Spd,
'k living at a place called Orfom, which is a-
i Caflro, and that there they have Gold, and
are many Indians. I asked him if Shipping
d go in between Cajlro and the Main ? they
lid not tell me, or would not ; but they faid
e Ships went thither, whicli come from Lima
Furniture for the People.
le Anchoring at the Kland of Mocha is on
JJorth-tiorth caft pare of it, in x ("andy Bay in
itFathom Water near the Sliorc ; a North eafl
id is the worft Wind for tlie Road. On the
ch tBth fide of Mcchu there lies a ledge of Rocks\
Beajfbnie broken Rocks on that part of the Ifland
ered from the vShore. ' '
he Anchoring at the Tlland of St. Mary is on
N'orth fide in a fine fandy Bay, in eight or
Fathom Water, a fine Birth from the Shore ;
Xortlvnortli-weft Wind is the word Wind
lat Road. There is Wood and frefli Water
tli the Iflands, as the Spaniards report. The
sare but mean on the Coaft, and the Flood
lesfrom the Southward, and rifes about eight
n« feet Water.
he Ifland of Mocha \\^s in the Lac. of 38 z?'
. South.
he Ifland of St, Mary lies in the Lat. of 3 7 </.
iouth. Tiiev
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96 Sir John Narbrough'i T^^jv^^^
They have Apples, and Plums, and Pears, aij
Olives, Apricocks, Peaches, Quinces, Orangcsj
Lemons, and many other Fruits. There are all
Musk-Melons, and Water-Melons, &c. tlicf,
Spaniards report it to be the finefl: Country int,^
whole World, and that the People live with t!ij
grcateft Luxury oF any en the Earth ; they cnjJ
their Health with ib much delight, and have
much Wealth and Felicity, that they comparct^
Land to Paradife^ abounding above other Con
tries with all Delights lor Mankind.
I fawa good Tcftimony of the hcalthincfij
the Country , for thele lour Men who arei
Board, are as wcll-complexioned Men as evej
faw in my days : and the People alhorc, bo
Men and Women ol the Spaniards are wcH-col
plexioned People, of a ruddy colour, and feer
be mighty Healthy. .Some of the Men are vc
corpulent, and look as if they came from av
plentiful Country, where there is great ilorel
Provifions , and abundance of Gold
Silver.
Decemler 17. 1(^70. There went a-iliorj
the Boat eighteen of my bcfl: Men I had ini
Ship, and Men of good obfervation to infj
into matters of this Concern, which I had
quainted them with ; as touching the mannej
the Harbour and the Fortifications the j
niards have, and the difpofitlon of the Pcoj
and that it was my whole defire to have Co|
cr^ce with the Nat'ves of the Country thai
at Wars with the Spaniards^ if by any means
fible it may be obtained ; for it is ray whol/
tt> the Streights of Magellan. 97
, (ire to lay the Foundation of a Trade there for
I the Englid.^ Nation for the future i for I fee
pliiinly this Country is loft for want of the
liiuc Knowledge of it.
My Men in the Boat obfcrvcd the Harbour
i\\y\ the FortiHcations, and took good notice of
jthc People. The Spaniards bough c R-veral things
pi" my Boats Crew : and paid for what things they
\)^\x%\\t in good Pillar Pieces of Eight,- they would
not part from any Gold, altliough my Men were
dcliious to have Ibme rather than Silver for their
joods; neither would they part from any Bread
payment, pretending that tiicy ihould have
iitad to morrow from Baldavia. The things
liich they bought of my Men at this time, were
oFov/ling-pieces, which coft mE}i<jland about
enty Shillings apiece, and the Spaniards gave
;tc;n Pieces of Eight apiece for them ; and
kies or Knives of three Shillings the piece in
t rcorcfc.T/^;/^^ the Spaniards gave Hve i^icces of Eight
old Br them i and for fmgle ten-penny Wires,- they
ive a Piece of Eight a-piece for them j and for
(linary Leather-gloves, of ten pence the pair,
tey gave a Piece of Eight a pair ; for Broad-
oath-Coats of the Seamen's, v.'hicli coft ftxteen
llings in En^Jand^ they gave nine Pieces of
jit for a Coat. They v;ere very deftrous
buy Cloaks, and Pieces of Bavs-cioth. The
M
e all
rid
in ill
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,ave
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Ic Pcol
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thai
icansl
\ss\m
b were very gallant in Apparel in their Pluih -
pits^ and Under-Garments of Silk and Silver
ouii^ht together, and good L-nnen, and good,
'mders Laces, and broad about the Crown of
tir \hxs^ in Fafliion of a Hat-band, and a
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98 Sir John NarbroughV Voyage
great Silk-fcarf with Gold Lace on the ends of
it, that was crofs over their Shoulders ; a Ihort
Cravat ot Linnen about their Necks, and a CaiiL
in their Hand headed with Silver; their SIioocs,
and Scockings, and Breeches afcer the Spn^i'':.
Falluon. They were very kind to my Lieutenant
and Men, and treat:d them very coiirrcoiillv.
They were noi permitted to go into die Forr^
but were entertained in a I'ent by the Fon.
Four ot' the Spaniards Wives would needs i^o
into the EnyJilJj Boat, and lit down on tic
Benches, to lay diat they had been inaBfi:|
which came from Europe. Thcfe were very \)u
per white Women, born in the Kingdom of Peru]
of Spa?iiJJ.} Parents; they never had been !•:
Europe, The Spaniards have fome Indian V\ ( ■
men to their Wives; The Women were all \^'cl:
apparelled in Silks afcer the Spaniih Fafliion, audi
about their Necks great Gold C'lains, and Pen.
dants at their Ears of Sapphyr Stones, &c.
The Captain of St. Ja^os Fort prefented n:\j
Lieutenant with a Silver Tobacco-box, and a SiJ
vcr-headed Cane, and a Plume of Oftricli'j
Feathers, which he wore on his Hat at die lanel
time : The Feather of the Plume is but fmall
nothing fo good as the Barhar)-¥Q.z.i\\^v : Thij
Plume was of red, and white, and blue Featheni
dyed in the Country. I faw another Pliini)
which a SpanUh Gentleman gave to Mr. Wd
which was black and large, and a very fair oiii
made of the Oftriches Feather of the Cound
There arc many Oftriches in the plain Land]
vind Giiianacoes^ which arc the Beads that bei
h the Streights df Magellan.' 99
the red Wool, whereof Hits are made in Enfr-
inud. There is much of this Wool in the
Ki.ii^dom of Pern and Chile, •''
My )^eo;.^lc could not by any Means come to
convcifc with the Natives who arc at Wars with
the Spnfiinrds^ and have the Gold, without vio-
lating rite SpaHiards ?ov!iY; for on the Shore
widiin the Hnrbour, t\\<z Indians made a Fire by
the Woods Side, and hung out a white F ag on
a lon^^ P(4e, and kept wafting of it a long time.
My Lieut jnant would haxc gone in his Boat to
ih:m, but the Spaniards would not permit him,
md faid that they were dieir ov7n People who
lived there.
My Seamen, which came aboard in my Boat,'
L^me to me, and told me, that the Lieutenant
h.id been at Fort St. j^a'io^ and had deliver'd my
MdKige there to tiic Capt.iin, but he had no
Older for my fetching of Water, and diat he
\^ iihed my Lieutenant to go to Fort St. Peter ;
wiiicli he did, and a Fryed' and two Spa7iiards'
ujiit over with him in the l^oat, the Flag of
Truce ilyiug in the Boat, and the Trumpeter
loimding, acc^n-ding to my Order, all the time,
u!l they landed at the Fort. At their Landing,
the Lieutenant was received very courteouily by
Icveral Spnni'h Gentlemen, and delired to walk
up to tlie Governour ,• Vvhich my Lieutenant did
I to 1 Tent whei-e the Governour was ; the Go-
vernour received the Lieutenant very kindly,
and defired liim to lit down. My Lieutenant
prdentcd my Refpedts to the Governour, and
'iidivered to him the Checfe and Butter, togc-
H 1 ther
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loo Sir John NarbroughV Voyage
thcr with the Spice, Glaflcs arid Tobacco-pipe^,
which I fent to him, and acquainted him, that
1 fent him, to defire to know iF he would be
pleafed to permit my Boat to water to day, for
my Boats lay ready, and had the Cask in them,
and I waited his Anfwer. The Governour
caufcd my Lieutenant and Mr. Forte fcue to lit
down, and drank to them in a Silver Bowl with
Chile Wine : He gave no Anfwer to the Lieute-
nant at prefcnt, but fent an Officer and Soldiers
and feized on my Boat ; My Lieutenant deiired
to know what the meaning was that PoffelTion
was taken of the Boat ? The Governour anfwer-
ed, he had Order from Don Pedro de Montaiei^
Captain General of Chile^ to keep them till the
Ship was brought into the Harbour under the
Command of the Caftle, and he was forry he
had no more Officers of the Ships in PoireiTion.
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Boat from
inethe wh(
Spaniards
"cd with the
! could fpca
Y^^\i they
wdiam of
to the Streights of Magellan, i o i
Vera Copia,
A LETTER from Lieutenant A^wj^^r to
Captain Narbrough,
SIR,
MT ftlf and Mr, Fortefcue are kept
here as Prijoners^ but for what
mfe I cannot tell; but they ftill pretend
much Friendjhip^ and fiy^ that if you will
bring the Ship into the Harbour^ you Jhall
have all the Accommodation that may be,
StTy I need not advife you further.
I am^
dccemher i8.
i6jo.
Thomas Armiger.
John Fortefcue.
I examined my Seamen which came in my
Boat from the Lieutenant, and they related to
me the whole Matter, and they believed that the
Spaniard f had a defign to betray the Ship, but
jthcy could not agree among themfelves : Italk-
jed with the two Indians that came aboard, they
j could fpeak the Spani/h Tongue indifferently
well; they told me that I was a Friend to the
{hdiam of the Mountains, and that I was not a
H 3 Spa-
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loi Sir John NarbroughV Voyage
Spaniard : They would needs know of nic wlicrc
my Country is, and if I would conic iU^ain ?
I made them anlwcr, that my Country is a litrL
Way off, on the other Side of the Sia, and di.it
I would come a^ijain, and bring Kuivcs\ ilatclicts
Beads, Gljlles, &c\ -d-VKl live in the Country with
them, and that they ihould fee nty Country,
and that my King would give them many
Things, and they ihould hvewitli us; and ihat
my King is the grcateft King in the World, and
r:omm...vnds all other Kings, and that our Name >
are Englid? ; the hidians laughed, and feemai
to be very glad : 1 bad them acquaint the Indi-
ana of the Mountanis, or In-lands, that I canic
to foeak with them , and that I was their Tricnd
and v7ould sive them many Hatchets, and Knives
and Swords, CJ'c. if they would come to me, and
tli.it I cam.' purpofely to fpeak with *h.cm,- and
tliat my Majlev^ the Great Kiug of Eji'ilaud^
fiath fcnr tlicm. many Things, and would wi!
lingly lee them.
A!-ter tliefe People iiad heard all that I faid to
them, th/y fit for a time mute, and conlidcriii^
oF the Kindneilcs they received from me and \w\
Company, and that they nuift go a-ihore again
under the Com^iand of the cruel Spaniardy^ they
weeped extrcamly, and uttered thefe Wordi,
Numbra Spnnalos mucho Diablo^ &c. In £"«g//;i'
it is, 'Ihe Spaniih Men are much De-vih^ &'c. 1
verily believe that thefe poor innocent Creaturo
Ipeak Truth, for they are great Devils in abuling
thele poor Souls ib unmercifully as diey do. In
light of my Men^ the Spaniards with a great Staff
WoiiJii
fniall Lc
were ver
■^i'Zm\ to
that 1 W(
rlicy wou]
'■-'l this tin
to ipeak v
oFthcic P
^^^^ McfTai
n'lcni to d<
Thefe P
icr and we
'^\\d. have k
tolerable,
^'^^c(i; tlie
"1 cndurin
^Jnall Cap
'^^'^^ their G
^F their G
b Cloth,
'oFthe Wo
I'iflK' mid.
FT put tl
poulders.
to the Strei^hts of Magellan, i o ^
v;oulcl ftrikc an Indian on the Head as he talk-
ed with him, and beat him all along, ibr no
caufc at all; but this they do to fliew their
Grcatneis and Imperionl'ncfs. The bcft Name
the Spaniards cm afford to call an Indian by, is
Dog, and Devil, and fuch like Names.
Thefc Indians fay, tliac there is much Gold in
the Land, and that the Spaniards have much Oro ;
I gave to cica (>!" uhelj Ind'ans a Knile, and a
Inuiii Looking-glafs, and lome Beads: They
ucrc very thankful, and I put them in mind
again to fpeak to the Indians of the In-l;ind,
that I would give them Knives and Glalfes, if
rhcy v/ould come to mc. I was m great hopes
dlthis time, that I iliould have the C)pporrunity
to fpeak with my Golden Fi'iends, by the means
of thefc People; for they feemed to be glad of
the MelTagc, or of tlie Tilings \,'\\\c\\ I gave
thcni to do it.
Thcfe People aic of a middle Stature, Wrongly
fee and well-!lellied ; they are rawny coloured,
;md have lon^ black {\:\a^y H;ur ; their Features
tolerable, ot a iomcwhat nielanclioly Counte-
nance; they are very active in Body, :\wA hardy
ill enduring of Weather or Diet : Tluy wear
jliiull Caps on their Heads like to Mounreer .,
land their Garment is a long Mantle; but molt
lof their Garments arc a fquarc piece or AVool-
len Cloth, like a Carpet, of their own weaving
bi- the Wool of Giiianacoes : They cut a hole
in the middle of this Carpet, through which
lihcy put their Head, and it liangs upon their
poulders, and covers their wliole i'Jodies like a
H 4 Cioak,
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104 Sir John Narbrough'j F(yiage
Cloak, when it is buttoned down before. Some
have thefc Cloaks fo long, as it reacheth down
to their middle Leg, and fome to the Knee;
fome wear Half-Stockings on their Legs, but
no Shooes nor Shirts : Some have Breeches after
the Spanifjj Falliion, but clofc to their Thighs
and Knees.
A NOTE which I fent to I .ieut. Armlm,
enclofed m a Letter.
leutenant^ take what notice you can of
^|_ , the Fortification of the Fort^ and what
Strcnnh they have of Feeble in it^ and xvhetbj
they are able to ivithfiand a Ship ; and what
gjjantity of Frovifions they have in it ; ani
whether Don Carlos be there \ fend me an
Account thereof by John Wilkins ; Iwillufi
all Endeavours to have you ojf^ when I under^
fiand the Strength of the Place,
I remain your lovin^ Friend^
John Narbrough.
Burn all the Letters you receive from r,u\\
and in caie of Examination
Vecemk'^
to the Streights of Magellan. 105
J)ecember 1^. 1670. This Evening I took the
Sun's Amplitude with my Compafs, and I had a
cood Obfervation. I find the Variation of the
Compali to be eight Degrees ten Minutes Ea~
Ik-rly.
I do much reafon with myfelf as to the Vari-
ation, that it differs fo much in the fame Latitude,
I between the Eaft and Weft-lide of the Land of
\ America ; for on the Eaft-iide, as I failed in the
Latitude of forty Degrees, I found the Compafs
to have twenty Degrees Variation Eaftcrly, by
ievenii good Obfervations, which I took with the
\{mr: Inftrument as I now do ufe, which is a large
\j{zi>nuth Com pais ; and here I find but eight De-
Igrees and ten Minutes Variation ; and it is but
[eight Degrees of Longitude more Weflerly in the
|imc Parallel, differing between thefe Obferva-
ions, and the difference of Variation.
I find the Land to be but One hundred and
[wcnty five Leagues broad, from the Eafl-fide to
he Weft-fide, in the Latitude of forty Degrees
South of the Equinoctial i certainly the attra(5tive
quality of the Magnet muft be very powerful in
[tie Eaftern Part of the Land, more than in the
^eftern, which caufeth the difference j yet I ad-
lire, being on both Sides of the Land, the Com-
fcfs Hiould always have the fame Variation
pitcrly. I was of the Opinion that the Varia-
|on would have been Wefterly on the Weft-fide,
being Eaftcrly on the Eaft-fide; but I find
be contrary by Experience ; therefore I believe
bt the attractive Quality is not much in thisf
(art of America^ but in fomc other Part more
to
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to the Eaftward than I was ; for if theattra^ivc
Quality liad been in this Land, and IfaiJin;-oa
both Sid s of it, the Variation muft have been
Eallcriy on the one Side, and Wefterly on the
other. This Difcourfe I leave to a bett:r Under-
ftanding j for I am not as yet fatisticd wijat oc-
cafioneth the Variation and the great Difference
of it, although I have been on fevcral Voyages
and have made great Benefit of the Undeifuind-
ing of the Variation of the Compafs, in direct-
ing of the true Courfe, &c.
In the Port of Balda-via there are thrccijirl
Rivers, which come out of the Country, iind
empty themldves into the Port with a brislv
Stream o*- fre''^ Water, which caufeth the Stream
always to let out oi^ the Harbour, a-nd the \V:r:crs
to be irelh jufr within the Harbour's-mouth : One
River runs up into the South-Eaft part oF thcl
Harbour into the Country ; another River nins|
into the Country to the Eaftward, on the backn
fide of St. Peter s Fort : The third River runs
into the Country, about the Norcii-Point orthJ
Harbour's-mouth, between the Point and ih|
North-End of St. Peter s Ifland : It runs up in
the North-Eaftward, and nine or ten MiJs ftan(|
upon the River from the Harbour's-mouth. Tli
City of Balda-via is fitu ted on the Bank ot'rlij
River, as the Spaniards tell me.
I judge this City of Baldavia is but a im:i
Place, and kept only as a Garrifon, and a Pbcj
for Trade with the Indians for Gold, Bezoaif
Stones, Guianacoe s-'Wool^ &c. The 6)vi;ii/nl
that were aboard, and the Indians faid, tlir:t dicij
V.M|
to the Streights of Magellan. 107
|v.ac but five great Guns in it, and three hundred
Ij^lcn. I know that they fpeak of the moft of
Ivcry Thing in the Matters, as concerning their
Isrrcngth, and Number of Men.
I bi'iievc that thefe Rivers may run into the
ICountry a long way, and the Spaniard!^ to have
\x little Knowledge in the inward Parrs of this
Jmiitry; for the Ind'>ans will not iiiffcr th.c
Iriniards to fcarch into the In-hmds. 1 believe
;io, tliat thefe Rivers are not Navigable for Sbiip-
Dingi for the Bark which was there would cer-
[jinly have gone up the River to the City of Bal-
kvin^ and delivered her Goods there, and not
lioublcd thcmfelves to carry the Goods up in
Roats, and fmall flat-bottom'd Barges, which they
|iave there for the purpoie : The Barges are built
iiuch like our Welt -Country Barges, and fmallcr
by much. Thefe Boats, or Barges, will carry
[bout ten or twelve Tons : They fleer with a Rud-
Icr, and have one Maft and Sail as our Bar^^es
Lvc J the Sail is made of- Cotton-cloth, and the
lopes are made of the Rind of Mani^ro-ve Tree? ;
ndinftead of Anchors, they have wooden Crab-
laws, or Kellocks. Anchors of Iron and Grap-
t\s are fcarce in thefe Countries : Ropes and Ca-
lles of Hemp arc alfo fcarce there, and good Fir-
\ifts much wanted in all thefe Countries for
peir Ships. The Mafts for their Ships are made
fwhite Cedar, and fuch like Wood ,• they are
try heavy and iliort-grained,and will break Ihort.
[krc are not any Fir-trees growing in all the
iind: Good Workmen, for the building of
lips, arc alfo much wanted here^ and Seamen.
The
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The fnuller Boats which they have here arjl
Canoas, being cut out of the Body of a lar^e
Tree, and Ihaped fomewhat like a Shallop at the
ends : Some are thirty feet long, and built one
Streak of Board upon them, to raife them hightr
on their Sides ; they will carry near twenty Men!
a-piece : Some arc rowed with Oars, and fonii;!
are Jefs, and rowed with Paddles ; thofc whiclK^^'^^pQ^^.j
our Sh ip^ I
or. The *
outh-weft <
'ollcflion, t
I2ve the Por
atives. The
ithin the M
to
The Har
ind the Gu
k other ;
kHarbou
tit them £
St. Andn
e/l-lide of
are wait, have a great Beam laflied fail: along eaci
Side without Board, which keeps them from over
fetthig. Thefe Boats are very ill built ^ fori fa
not any one of them fit to row in any Sea-gate,
or for any Service, or to carry any Perlon of Qua
lity in. The Indians are the Spaniards Slaves ti
row them to and fro, and to do all manner oi
Labour 5 for the Spaniards will not lay their Han(l«'J^*'^y"'J.^''-!,
to any thing in that nature, accounting it beneatj^ f^^^^ ^^
them to ibul the.- Fingers with Work; for the
fcorn to be Servants one to another, let the oni
be never fo Potent, and the other not worth tlij
Rags which he weareth ; yet he fcorns to be
iServant to him, and live in America.
The Land about the Harbour ot Balda^via is
a good height, and in Land it rifcth in lar.
Hills: It is low by the Water-fide, and ^heShot"^^^"/
is Tandy in fome Bays, and broken fliatty hits SqIj^j^j. ^.^ ^, ^
gliitcring Rocks, like Gold, lie ihatter'd along
the Shore-fidc, All the whole Country is ov
grown with green Woods, as what 1 could
of it, and by the Rivers Sides : There is no tri
yelling in the Woods, they are fo thick wi|
Und'::f-bru{h, old rotten Trees, and Leaves, ai
ifuch Trafb.
• ■ TI
rfe, fuch as
fiich are ca
kkSy firm
frees on the
rind about
let long,
t
anc
tean Angli
|AlIComni(
the River oi
lerchants Ha
ts, and the
cc, is very 1
ie Eftecm,
^^ch Hollar
'cl^'ings. Rib:
'■ 1^ '■
to the Stretghts of Magellan.* 1 09
The Harbour is near a Mile and an half broad^
nd the Guns cannot command from one Side to
lie other : St. Peter's Fort is near two Miles from
ilieHarbour's-mouth j any Ship may come inancl
eit them from their Guns, in St. Ja^o Fort, and
St. Andre7v's Sconce, which are on the South-
eft-fide of the Harbour. After you are in, Saint
ff^r's Fort can do very little or no hurt at all to
our Ship, excepting it be accidental dropping
or. The Sfaniaras have no Plantation on this
louth-weft Side j they only keep the Forts for
rfelTion, that no foreign Ship may come and
lave the Port free to ride in, and trade with the
atives. The Harbour is like a Sound, after one is
ithin the Mouth of it toward the South Pan.
Here grow many good Canes on the Shore-
e, fuch as arc brought from the Eaft-Indies^
hich are called Bamboas i thefe are very ftiff
icks, firm and heavy ; they grow among the
ices on the Sides of the Woods like Vines, and
^2 Bind about the Trees : Some are above twenty
:et long, and taper from the Root to the Topy
arc
arge
:the
one
ghtr
Meii
fonv
vhkli
; eadi
OVCl'
Ifa'
-gate,
.ves II
iHcr 01
Handi
leneatl
3r tlie'
the onl
rth till
lean Angling-Rod.
T
All Commodities which come from Europe ^xz
ry dear here, and fcarce ; lor they have none
ought to them, but by the way of Panama^ and
ihe River of Plata^ which pais through feveral
isrchants Hands before they conic into thefe
ts, and the tranfporting of them from place to
,cc, is very chargeable. Many alfo are but of
le Efteem, here being fuch plenty of them :
tmh Hollands, Silks, Flanders Laces, Silk-
dings, Ribboning, French Linnen, Looking-
ghiles,
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glaffes, and fuch like Commodities were irmc
enquired for here, and would have fold at grej
Rates.
Gun -powder for Fowling-pieces, is worthj
Piece of Eight per pound ; and Bird-^hot is won
two Ryals of Plate a })Ound, and a Ryal and
half a pound. All Commodities of Enmci
Workmanlhip are of great worth here, :i s I imde
Hand ; and believe, that more Northerly, on :\
Conil of ChiL\ about Vale Parazo^ and Coquinl
and Areca^ wiiere there are more Inhabitanj
ConinKuiities would bear a nuich greater Pri]
than what i mention, and there v/oiild vent "rcat
Quantities ^ for Silver is more plentiful by mii]
in thefe Parts than at Balda-via^ they hd
nearer t!ie Mines of the Potofea; for the Sikj
of Potofea comes down to the Port of Areca^ aif
from thence it is carried to Lijna by Sea.
I am of Opinion, that die mod advanragaJ
Trade in the World might be made in thefe Par
if it v/ere but followed, and that leave v/erc \-i
ed by the King of Spain tor the EngUfh to ti\ii
freely in all their Ports and Coafts ; for diciVj
pie wliich inhabit there are very defirous o
Trade ; but the Governours durft not permir
without Orders, unlefs fuch Ships of Force v'l
to go thither, and trade -per force, and noti
notice of the Governours ,• which might be ca
performed by four Ships, of twenty and tlii^ .
Pieces of Ordnance a Ship ; and I believe ti"^^^' Cooe
the Natives in the Southern Parts of Chile^ '^^m^b '^"^ ^^
Caftro. and Or [one ^ and at Baldaina^ woiildl ^^'"^'^^^j" H
brought to a rich Trade of Gold, when once tl'-'^^-S ^nd be
2S\
\^ to be
Lployed (
\m\ civile
j:chmay i
liOrs, GJ.
Ii:r: like Cc
for what J I
poard of n
irr of the
My Inten
|jil :ill a Ion
oiirhward,
'm Defiad
irli the Indi
trade wit
larbours.
iCoftro an(
imong tliofe
iierlier the^
[ifornied mt
ne Names
whom the
whom I le
"Thofnay A}
d born in IS
John Forte
ears, and b
m
MX
to the Streights of Magellan. 1 1 1
\0 to be acquainted with thofe that ftiould be
iniploycd on the Ddign, and they did but ufc
n civilly at the firft, and gain their Loves ;
\i:^ may be ealily done, by giving them Knives^
fci lOrs, GlalTco, Beads, Combs, Hatchets, and
p: like Commodities, and treat them kindly.
L what I underftand by the Indians^ who were
toard of me, they are Mailers of the Golden
pi of the Country.
My Intent being, if Weatlicr permit me, to
|il all along, tlie Coaft from Balda-via to the
louthward, till I come to the Streights-Mouth at
pc Defiads^ I came in great hopes to meet
ndi the Indians in fome Part of the Coafts, and
lo trade with them for Gold, and to lind good
arbours. I refolve alfo to fee in at the Illands
\[C(^ftyo and Orfono^ and try what I can find
[niong thofe Spaniards who are fettled there, and
riiethcr they live accordingly as the Spaniard
litbrmcd me here.
!
i
file Names of tlic four Men of my Company,
whom the Spa?iiardy detained at Baldavia^ and
whom I left there.
, I
Thomas Ar?nij{er Lieutenant, aged forry Years,
^dhorn in Norfolk, •• ' •
John Fortefcue Gentleman, aged twenty fcvcn
lejrs, and born in Kent,
Hugh Cooe Trumpeter, aged twenty eight
:ars, and born in lVappin{{,
!'JlJ^lTk,v/^j Highway Linguiil, a^eJ thirty five
iJcars, and born in Barl'ary ox Moor i lb Parents :
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1 1 1 Sir John Narbrough'j F^j^a^e
He turned Chriftian, and lived in London. This'
Thomas Highway is \CTawny-Moor i he fpuh
the Spaniflj Tongue very clear, for he had lived
tbrmeriy at Cadif::, witli an Englilb Merchant.
All. thefe four were very heaitliy ibund Men
and of good Prefcnce and Spirit i which give;
me great hopes that they will live to give an Ac
count of that Country, and of their Traveh.
Cape Gallery^ which is the oucermofl: Point (11
die South-fidc of the Harbour of Balda-vin^ licrii
in the Latitude of 39 degrees, 57 minute,
South of the Equinodcial ; as aifo in Longimdc
to the Weftward of the Meridian of the Liza)',
of England^ 70 degrees, 20 minutes, according;
to my Account j and in Meridian diftanc-
One thoufand one hundred and eight Leagued
Weft i and in Longitude, Eaft from the Wd-
Mouth of Magellan Streiglits and Cape-Pilkl
two degrees and 40 riiinutes,* and in Meridian
diftance 42 Leagues neareft, according to ml
reckoning.
Thurfaay^ December 22. This Morning
prov'd very fair W eather ; at Day-Hght, theWiiull
was at South-weft, a frefti gale i the Sea indilfeiciiti
fmooth: I plied to the Windward along tk|
Coafts, and was about three Leagues olf ik
Shore, fomewliat to the Southward of Cape-Gi
lery^ out of light of the People of Baldaviu; k\
the Cape was fiiut in with the Land to the Nordi
ward of the Harbour. At twelve of the Clocil
I had a good Obfervation of the Sun with mi
Quadrant i and I found myfelf in the Latitiidj
of 49 degrees 3 minutes South : 1 was then threJ
League!
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fercr.t
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Icag^^'
fi? f/je Str eights of Magellan.' 1 1 ^
la<y\KS off the Shore, and could not get ground
jt So Fathom. I was to the South^^ard of Eal-
Im Harbour,
December 31. This Afternoon it blev; hard at
^.W' i^nd rained j I (leered S, IV, and by S.
bvmy Compafs, this Afternoon and to Night.
Here arc fcvcral vSorts of Porpus-Filhes in thefe
})-is, unHke ours in Europe: Some pied white
laiid blick, and fome grey and large ones. Rainy
Weather to Night, and no Obfervation to be
iiudc of the Shore.
jdHHary^ Anno Dom, 1670-T.
Sunday^ January i . Raw, cold, cloudy \V ca*
her ; Rain and fome Hail, the Wind at N. Wl
(lout Gale, and a great Sea : I was much afraid
;hat I fliould lofc my Main-maft, it f jtched fucli
iVay, and broke the Spikes that faftncd the
'etches with working. I fleered S. S. JVl to eafe
kShip from rolling what I could. After feveral
ourfcs made from Satrrday Noon till to Day
oon, I make tkc true Courfe to be South 39^.
0;//. Wefterly, and diftancc, fliiled 105 Miles,
d departure Weil 66 Miles, and difiPerence of
ongitude loi d. 37 ?n, 4 tenths; difference of
atitude 1 d, 2 2 in. 3 tenths ; Latitude, by Ac-
unt, 47 d» 47 in. South.
Wedncfday^ January 4. Indifferent fair Wea-
er, the Wind at North-well, and fometimes at
\N.W\-i fine Gale : I kept on my Courfe South.
me Porpus Fiihes feen to day, and fome Whales
d Sea-Fowl ; many little Peterels. TliisMorn-
gl took the Sun's Amplitude, and I find the
ompals to have 10 ^. 28 ;//. Variation Hallerly.
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1 1 4 5/V John NarbroughV Voyaire
My Courfc, made true from Tnefday Noon till
to Day Nooii, is South ; diftance iailcd g.
Miles, and the difference of Latitude is i d. 2.
;;/. 8 tent. Lat. by good Obfervation of the Sir,
on the Meridian 51 <:/. 3 1 ?//. South. Meridian d J
(lance from Point Gallery^ Weft 70 leag, i mi\\
5 tent^ Longitude at Noon from Point G alien
\VeO 4^i. 48 ?n, 4 A^«. Longitude at Noonfronii
the Lizard, Weft 75 d.%m, /i^.ten, McridiarJ
diftance from the Lizard^ Weft 1178 League?.
1 Mile, 5 Tenths.
Friday, Jamw.ry 5. Hafcy, foggy Wcatlid
this Morning, the Wind at WlS. W, a ftout Gain
1 ftcered in for to make the four Iflands, which
called the Ijles of Direction, or to make Cape]j\
fiade : My Courfe was £. N, E. by my ConipalJ
the Nights being but ftiort, and lights for tli
Moon was at the full, fo that I could fee at loiiJ
time a League before us.
At four of the Clock this Morning, it bcinl
fair day-light, I caufed the Lead to be caft tbn|
but could not get ground at eighty Fathom
reckon myfelf about ten Leagues from Cape D
fiade, and on the Latitude of 5 2 ^. 53 7;/. Soiiil
A little paft four of the Clock, it cleared up
the Eaft txonzon ; we looked well abroad, 2
faw the four Hies, called The Directions, which 1
at the Mouth of the Streights TV. A^. Ji^, fi omGij
Defiade, diftance from thence about 8 Lcaguf
Thefe Iftands made in four Ho?n?naccoei\ !
Hay-cocks, when I faw them ; they bear A'.i
of me, diftant about 4 Leagues; they lie int|
Latiuide of 52 ^. 42 ;//. and at tivcof the C!fl
■'■itil'
to the Streights of Magellan. 1 1 5
ilic Iflaiuis bore North of mc, diOant 3 Leagues
of; I founded, but could not get ground at 70
Fjtlioms : I fiw Cape Defiade i it cleared up, tor
the Fog was much on the Hi.lsi the Ca'e was
l.S. £. of me, diftant n-jar eight Leagues ^ the
tops of the ragged Hills, or rocky Spires, were
clouded with the flying Fog, lo as I could not fee
I the Cape fooncr ; for in clear VV^eathjr, the Land
hiCdpe-Pillar and Ca^^e Defiade may be ken i j
I or 16 Leagues, it is fo high and ragged.
I fleered by Cape-Pillar E. and by S, the Wind
latjr. ^S". IVI a freih Gale; a great humming Sea
rill here, which came out of th'! S. W, I (ivs
the Sea break upon broken Ground, which heth
at k\ifl four Leagues from tlie Point of Cape
made Weft into the Sea, and many Rocks tliac
kere funk, and Prints of Rocks above VVater,
pidi ilie Sea breaketh terribly : Thefe lie off
\Ciife Defiade about two Leagues, and a League,
and lome not half a Mile off, very dangerous.
As I came nearer theStreights-mouth, 1 raifed
he Land on theNorth-lide by Cape Vi^iory^ and
he broken Iflands within the Streights, which I
illcd IVeftminfter Ifle^ and the Lodgers Ifle -, they
nake ragged in Hillocks at the lirll iight. Ac
incoFthe Clock Cape- Pillar hove South of me,
dng diftant about a Mile and an half from
e.
No 1 ide or Current, as I could perceive, fee
ither in or out of tlie Streights, lo as to preju-
(ice Navii^ation.
The '.^ference of Longitude, Eaft is 1 d,^9 77il
With i the Lacitudc by my Account nov;, is but
I 2 52
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1 1 6 5/V John NarbroughV Voyage
52 r/. 5 T w. South ; but formerly my Account of
the Latitude of this Place, was South 5 2 ^. 5 8 ;/;.
Meridian diftance at 9 of the Clock, tiom
Point Gallery J Weft 35 long, 00 mil, 5-10.
Longitude at 9 of the Clock, from Point QaU
kry^ Weft 2 d. 43 min. 3-10.
Longitude at 9 of the Clock, from tlijL' Lizard^
Weft 73 ^. 3 Jf^' 3-10*
Meridian diftance at 9 of the Clock, from the
Lizard^ Weft 11 53 leag, 00 ;////. 5-10.
1 find but very little Tide or Current in this I
Sea of Mare del Ziir; for 1 am but 3 min. of
Longitude out of my Account, in failing beiwccn|
Cape-Gallery and Cf^pe-Pillar^iomJii'ds and back-
wards.
At any time, if you have a defirc to enter thcl
Streights of Magellan at tl^e Weft-mouth, it wiii
be lafeft in my Opinion, '.0 bear in for the LuikIJ
in the Latitude of 52^. and 5 o 7//. South ; an(i|
then you will fee the four Iftes of Diredion^
which lie before the Mouth of the Streights,
fomewhat toward the North-fide: They licl
A^. N. ]V* from Cape-Pillar^ near 8 Leagues
diftant. Thefe Iflands may be known ; for thcrJ
are but four of them, and they be but cf an in-
different hciglit, and but fmall, and bcariird
guhir Rocks, and they be near together: Thcl
HaQcrmoft lilc is near a Mile diftant from tin
other three, and it h peeked up like a Sugar-lcitJ
t!\<? Sea breaks mucli on thefe Illes with VVcftcrij
\\'\nds^&c£npC''Pillar is the ftecp Point of Rockj
(n\ the Sourh-luieof the Strcights-mouth, at
cnuing into the ijti eights j Cape Dejiade isdij
Wedcii
1 1 i..
to the Streights of MagcIIaih 1 1 7
Wcfterly Point, for it falleth off from Cape-pillar
near S. W, and they arc diftant about 2 Leagues
one tVom another, which is the Face of the Lands
between thefc two Capes ; for at the Point of
OjJ)^ Defiadc\ the Land on the South-fide of the
Cape trentsotf to the South-fouth-Eaftward, all
high ragged rocky Mountains: What I law of
it, at the pitch of Capj Defiade^ there lie many
jluttcr'd Rocks which arc above water, and Ihew
like the Ruins of old Houfes^ and there are
Ledges of Rocks that arc funk, which lie near 4
Leagues off of the Cape Weft ; the S':a breaks
jinucii on them, and they ure dangerous ; they lie
[the Latitude of 53 ^. i o ;;/. South, by my rec-
Ikoning. I called thefe Rocks T^j^ 5"^^^fc'fi they
Lire near i o Leagues diftant S* and by W* from
the Ijles of Diretlion^ fo broad is the firft open-
ing of the Streights ; for when you can but once
fcetiie Land, to make it, there is no danger ; but
a Stranger that Ihould pafs out of the South-fea,
and had not palled the Streights before, will find
jit very difficult to pafs the Streights from the Weft
ItotheEafti for at the firft cutting into it out of
Ithc South-fea, as we call it, there are many
Openings and Sounds on the North-fide, which
|tcin fliirer for a Palfagc than the Streight itfelf
Idoth j therefore it is beft to keep the South-lide,
Tfar aboard all along from Cape-pillar^ which is
the point at the Entrance: The Courfe will be
:.:md by .S'. for a Mile or tv/o, and then ii\ S, E,
bd .V. E. and by E. So the Channel lieth to
nc (^lade,
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where til
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1 1 8 Sir John Narbroiigh'i F<?VJj^e
The North-fide of the Streights ffom Cape Vl
6toYyyi\[ along to the Eaft-ward to Cat^e Fro'vari
is all a ragged, rocky, mountainous, defo] cc
Country; many high rocky Iiiands, and fm:l|
Rock.^^ and fucking Rocks lie on thf" Nonh-lid?
' the Strcighrs, at coming out o: Mav delZm I
1 5 Leagues in diitance inio the Streights to th::
Eaftward. There alfo run great Sounds and
Waters inro the North-Land, which ffiew like al
P.iffage more than the Stre'ights doth. There \
no Safety for a Ship to keep the North-fhore;;J
board in this Part ; for here lie fo many IHandl
and Pvocks, f6 that if the Weather provj foj^<;l
and thick, a Man may miftake the right ChuiJ
nd, and fleer in among the brok n Ifiands anM
Rocks, fo far as to endanger his Ship, if tfiB^'^^-^^' ^
Wind be Wcfterly, and it is for the moft partoB^l'-''^'^* ^^^'^
the AV inter there, very thick and foggy. W^ ^-i- hare
Mere are many Sounds and Covjs on tiiM"^'^"y Wh'
North-Hde, between Caie Victory and Cafe 0?/ J^"^ Sou/id
but how far they run iniothc Land, I know noi^'^''^ is vcrj
1 wanted a Sloop, or fomeotlicrfmall V((rd,|| (^^^%ht
d fcover thofe Sounds ; and many other Pi.iccs^^^'^*^^*^* ^^^c
the Streights, which I would gladly have fccnff'^^^^^'^^^"^ ^V^a
January 6. In TuefdiVj-lmy and Ijland-^jl^^'^^^'^^om
there grows thick llirubby Buihcs on tliclo^ ^
Land, which have manv Berries hke Hurts [jroi
ing on them': theie Buihes grow in a mofly loj
Earth, which lieth 4 or 5 Feet thick on tlic Roc
thefe Bullies will ferve for Fuel: There grows;
long fcdgy Grafs very thick j many Gccfc
Ducks do make their Nefts, and breed in it,
other Sea-Fowl ; Flerc are Ducks^ white and
Grou
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i"S in fix,
^■^en Farh
^^ with \\
'^^if Wind
'"^'; for t\
'"'■I'll?
to the Strelghts of Magellan. 1 1 9
grjnt-Gccic, grey Gulls, Sca-Mcws, S-. a-Div^rs
3nd Penguins on the Water ; I could not f jc any
people now, but Ibmc have been there j for I faw
^'lierc they had made Fires, and an Arbour. Here
arc Mufcles and Limpets on the Rocks j biic as for
other Tillies I faw none. I rowed two Miles up th;?
Sound, and could have gone .arthcr, but itraiicd
lomnch, and blew fohard, as I durft not bcab-
icnt from the Ship ; the Water is mighty deep in
the Sound. At Night I got aboard, my Seamen
w.'rejoytii] to fee me; for they were afraid that
thcSbip would have broke loofc in the time of my
abfence. Much Rain to Night, and Fogs, the
Wind itW, S.W, a Ihort^aleat Nidit: I rode
Ifjilon the fmooth Water, having the Poiiv: on
rhc iV. W. of me : Here is a great deal of frelh
hVarcr comes running in Streams down the Sides
of the bare rocky Mountains into the Salt Water,
nuny Whales (pouting to and fro inthefeBays
andSounds, and fome Seals on the Rocks : This
|Pai't is very defolatc, and a meer Chaos, &c.
At eiiiht of the Clock this Evcnins;, I anchored
jbcfore the Place called Batchelors River, in nine
IFathom Water, clear landy Ground, two Cables
i.ngth from the Shore. Here is very good clear
Siiidy Ground before the River, and good Anclio-
ringinilx, or feven, or eight, or nine, or ten, or
kvcn Fathom : a fine barthof iliore^and o;ood Ri-
ling with Wefterly Winds, and Northerly -, the
writ Wind is a S. Wind, for it blows vmM on
tiiis Reach ; but there cannot go much Sea
[icrc,- for the Streight in this Reach is but two
bgucs broad. This Batchelors River is near five
I 4 Leagues
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150 Sir John NarbroughV Voyage
Leagues to the Eaftward of Cape Omde^ and two
Leagues to the Eaftward of St. ^erom's Channel,-
on the North-lide of k, the Tide runs of an in-
different Strength in this Place, both Ebb and
Flood ; it fets in and out of St. Jerom's Channel
rifing and falling about eight or nine Feet per-
pendicular i here is not above t?n Foot Water at
a High-water, at the going in of Batchelors River.
This Paver is a good Harbour for Barks and
Sloops, or the like. This River lieth in a Valley^
and a tine Grove of green Trees grows on the Weft
Point : At the Entrance here is a very good freft
Water, and a good Place to wood at. The bi^
dian People or Natives frequent this Place often;
for here are many. Arbours, which are their
Floufcs : Calm W eather to Night, and foggy ;
I rode fad, the Ship being moored.
Sunday^ January 8. Calm Weather, and a fine
warm Sun-aiine: This Morning at Day-light, I
went in my Boat with twenty Men into Batchelon
River, and rowed four Mites up the Creek, or
River, which was as f^r as the Boat could go, the
Water being high: The River ends inafmallj
Creek, comins^ out of a Lakeof freih Water, in
a Valley amongft the Hills; we made the Boat
fafl, and marched all into the Land 5 or 6 Miiesj
bsing ftop'd from going furdier, by Hills rilind
very lleep, and Mountains^ and impenetrable
Woods : We made fcveral Fires, but could not lie
any fign of them lb far in the Land. No Be\i(t
or other Creature to be feen ; many Imall Streams
of freih Water come running from the fnowyl
MouutainsjWich great falls from the (l-ecp RocV^sJ
lew
to the Streights of Magellan, i a i
^rc looked in many Places of the Earth, and in the
Streams of Water for Gold, &c, but found none,
nor any other Metal or Mineral : Here grow on
the Bulhes many fmall red Berries, much like
Hurts, very good to eat j the Grafs-Land is very
•oolc and boggy : The Rocks arc a kind of white
Marble i the Trees like thole at Port Famen;
here arc fmall Pepper-trees. To Night I got on
Board ; calm Weather : I rode fall with the Ship.
Here ends Sir John Narhrou^h's Manufcript
[jwiunal, which we fhall continue home to E?ig-'
hvid^ from the MS. Diary ^ taken by Sir John's
i ingenious Lieutenant. Nathanael Fecket,
Wednefday^ January it. Fair Weather, Wind
jviriablc, from S. E, to S. JV* This Morning we
made the beft of our way to get into Fort Fa-
mn : Here we had Fiihes from the Shore to fiih
our Main-maft j at 1 2 a Clock we anchored i^
Ininc Fathom Water. This Place afforded what
i^^c wanted, as very good large Trees for Fiihes ;
b od Water, good wild Fowl, good Fiih, like
liillet, and large Smelts. Here we fitted our
hip's Mafts, and Rigging, as well as we could ;
ucen'd her, and filled our Casks with good
rclli Water, and took as much Wood aboard,
s we thought fit.
"^January 16. Fair Weather, and little Wind,
ockeBVefterly. This Morning the Lieutenant was or-
Beaililcrcd to go up with the Boat in Segan River, as
rcamiBi^h as he could with convenience, and to fee for
ho\vy»i/a«j-; FIc went up about nine Miles, but could
ocVvJutgct higher with the ^{jj^t^ by rcaibn oft'ic
Trunks
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121 Sir John NarbrougliV Fi^yjge
Trunk-timber, and ilioalincfs in the Water. So
I landed, and went up two Miles by Land to fee
for Indians; but I could not iec any, nor any
thing worth the Obfervation. How tar the Rivd-
runs up, I know not, for I faw not the end of it;
fo I returned a-board again,
January 29. Fair Weather, and little Wind
at .9. W^ This Morning the Captain went over
with the Pinnace to the South-lhore, to fee for
Indians^ and if there were an Harbour for Ship-
ping, Ihort of Fort Famen, This Day came an /;/.
dian to the Point o^Port Famen^ and made a [irc;
and I went a-fliore to fee what he had ; but he
had neither Bow, nor Arrow, nor any thing eUe,to
the value of a Farthing : I would have had him
come a-board with me, but he would not ; as tar
as I underflood by the Signs he made to mc, he
had been a Slave to fome other Indians^ and had
run away from them, and was travelling home.
Tiiefday^ January 31. Fair Weather, Windv:
riable. This Evening the Captain came a-boardj
again, having been over on the South-ihorc, tol
fee for an Harbour, but could find none, nor fo
any Indians.
Saturday^ February 4. Fair Weather, Wind ai
W. by N> This Morning, at four a Clock, v
fet Sail for Fort Famen^ and at eleven a Cloc!
we were fhort of Frejhwater Bay , and at fix
Clock in the Evening, wc anchored in tv;clv
Fathom Water, in a fine fandy Bay, about to
Leagues to the Northward o't Fre'LwatcrBiv.
February 5. Fair Weather, but very muq
Wind, at S. W, and W. S\ IK This Morni
if'^biel
IF. S. W.
down the
the :>orth
Uizabeth'
fcvcral PI:
and whcr
Cufc Dcfiui
and frcjh "
Jlland, to
\l'atcr is vc
at three a C
.1 Cock w
Water, bla
North-lhor
Idand were
I of me; an(
And here v^
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tv:el-
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nuic
ornin
to the Streights of Magellan. 115
the Captain fcnt mc to Frefl^water Bay to fee for
Inilians^ but I faw none there i fo I returned
.igain aboard.
Feb) nary 7. Fair Weather, Wind Northerly.
Thii Morning the Capt ^in ordered me to talic
the Pinnace, and to i^o along the North-Hiore,
and between Elizabeth's Illand and the Shore, to
fee for Indians. In the Afternoon, it blew hard
North -rly, that we could not t'ow a head; fo I
put hck into a umdy Bay, and went a-iliore, and
hf-i\ there all Night; and in this Bay wc haled
th i.une, and got a great ir.any good and large
SiiJrs; Smelts of 20 Inches long, and eigiit
l!.:h.s about.
irsinefday^ February 8, Fair Weather, Wind
V. S. W, This Morning, at four a Clock, I ran
down the Streights with the Pinnice, keeping
the >orth-J]iore a-board, and ran betwixt it and
Elizabeth's Ifland, but law no Indians ; yet faw
fevcral Places, where they had been very lately,
and where they had built their Canoas. From
Cufe Defiade to Elizabeth' sldind^ there is Wood
and Frcih Water plenty ,• but from Elizabeth's
lllanJ, to Caf:!e Virgin-Mary^ Wood and freih
W'atcr is very ibarce to come by. This Afternoon
atthreeaClock, I gota-^board again, and at four
a Ciock we came to an Anchor in eight Fathom
Water, black Sand ; we rid within a Mile of the
North-lhore : St. Georges^ and St. Bartholomew's
Idand were both Ihut in one,and they bore S. S, £.
of me; and E//2^^^r//sIiland bore S. and by E.
And here we rid with the Ship all Night.
Tebyjiary
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1 34 5/V John NarbroughV Voyajrc
February 9. Fair Weather, Wind Wcdcrly.
This Morning the Captain fcnt me to fee for /;;.
diam^ but I could fee none ; yet I Rll with a good
Harbour for fniall VelTcls, on the North-lidc, and
at the South-End of a great deep Bay, thwart of i
Ulizabeth's liland ; the Entrance of this Harbour I
is not a Bow-fhot from Sido. to Side : I founded it
and there was 1 2 Foot Water at a low Water ,• but|
within, there was 3 Fathom Water at low \Va.
ter : From the Entrance of this Harbour, to the I
Upper-end of it, is about feven Miles. Here is|
in this Harbour great Store of Geefe and Ducks ;
and a-fliorc there is great Store of Heath-berries
and Hidts, and fmall Black-berries, good and
well-tafted ^ but I faw no Jndiam^ fo I rcturncdl
a-board again ; the Captain went into anothcrj
Harbour, a Mile to the Southward of the fecondj
Narrow on the North-lhore, and founded, and)
had four Fathom Water in it ; it is very broail
within, and there is great Store of Sea-Crabs.
Saturday ^February II, Fair Weather, Wine
variable. This Day the Captain ordered me to gc
with the Pinnace, and difcover the North-lhon,]
and if I could with convenience difcover foinc
Part of the South ; and to go to the firft Narrov
and there to ftay for the Ship ; fo I went tlirougH
the fecond, and landed on the South -fde, in alin^
fandy Bay, or Cove, expcding to fall wiih hiiii\
ans^ for I faw many Fires up in the Land ^ I wen
up about five or iix Miles, but could fee no i//J
dians. Then the Night coming on, I returncj
again to the Boat, and there we pitcheci a Tcnj
to lie in^ and lay all Night i and at High-v/itc|
w
to the Streights of Magellan.' 125
II fct the fame thwart a Pond of Water, and
(licic it flood until low Water ; then we haled
|tlic Pond all over, and haled a-ihore about 700
aood and large Filli like Mullets. This Land is
lay dry, barren Land, and nothing to be feen
lia it worth the Obfervation.
febntary 12. Fair Weather, Wind Northerly.
JThis Morning I went over to the North -ftiore,
jnd there I fell with a fine Sandy Bay ,• I found-
ed it, and had 6, 7, 8, 9. and 10 Fathom Water
above half a Mile from the Shore. This Bay is
lictwccn the fecond Narrow and Cape Gregory^
ciofc under Cafe Gregory j this Cape is about five
orlix Miles to the Eaftwardof the fecond Nar-
row: Here Handed, the Winds being Northerly,
la frcih Gale, and haled the Boat up dry, and
Kvntup into the Country to fee for Indians^ but
Ifiw none, and I returned to the Boat again, where
[v'c pitched our Tent, and lay all Night.
February 1 3 . Fair Weather, and a frefh Gale
Dt Wind Wefterly. This Morn ing I ran all along
^lie North-iliore from Cape Gregory^ to the firft
vurow i and I was no fooner entrcd into the firft
kiirow, but I faw three Anchors, which lay up
fWe High-water Murh^ in a ihiall Sandy Cove j
flkrc 1 landed, and lialed up the Boat, and fcarch-
abour, to fee if we could tall with any Guns,
pr other Trade. One of the Men found an Iron
a)mmander for fome Ship's Poop : One of thofc
liichors were twelve Foot long in the Shank,
[iid the other two were eleven loot a-piece, and
Iky were all Spa}ujh Anchors. The Land here is
.i.rcn, dry Land, and affords neither Wood, nor-
tiellx
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1 a6 Sir John Narbrough'j- Voyage
freih Water i and for the fpace of rivc,or fix Mile,
about, the Land is full of Kats i they have MoLs
in the Ground like Coney -boroughs i their Fooj
I fuppofe to be Limpet, for thcr*.* is great Stoi ;
of Limper-ihoals lyin?:, clofe to their Holes: {
faw no Indians h.ere, nor any thing worth ohic;.
ving. Night coming on, we here pitched our
Tent, and lay all Night : Here are very gooj
Sandy Bays on the North-fide, all the way betv;ixt
the firft and fecond Narrow i for 1 founded a!l
along as I came down in the Boat, and had ten
and twelve Fathom Water, a good Burth off.
"Tuefday^Februory \^., Clofe, hafey Weather,
withfome Rain, and very much Wind ^V^'ft'-rlv.Bpw^^^^
This Morning I faw the Ship coming down tlieBj,/],' 'S^ '^^
Strcights ; and after llie was through the ^^^^ro^'jBif.pj. ^. T^
they brought her to, and I got a-board i andw" ' ' ^
made all the Sail we could, and by Night Wi
got clear of the Str eights into the North-fea , an
at 3 a Clock Cape Virgin-Mary bore iV. W, lul
a Point Northerly, diftance 4 Leagues.
T'fmrfday^ February 23. Fair Weather, th
Wind variable, from the N* N. IV to th
TV N,W, This Evening, at nine a Clock, wi
came to an Anchor in 2 2 Fathom Water, Sand
G/ound on the South-part of America^ in the La
of 47 ^. 1 5 m. South ; and then Cafe-BlnnA
bore N, N, W. of me, diftant about 6 Lcagiiei
February 14., Fair Weather, and Uttle Winfti,,^^^^
KT 1 1 -T-i • x/i • 1 J *'''nianon ;
Northerly. This Morning we weighed, to go* ^^
Fort Defire-Bay^ and in the Evening at 6 a ^^^4[o|-,Wj ,y
Vc anchored in the Bay, in 14 Fathom Wata I,,;, ,,^
j^ ~ Wiui^ upon
mm ^i
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If el^n;
fe? fZ;e Strev^hts of Magellan^ 117
I'thrHtiry 2')* Fair Weather, and a frcfh Gale
of Wind ha{k" ly. This Day the Long-boat went
i;to ?ort Dcfire for frelli Water, but could not
fllabove five or fix Puncheons ; for there wj.s no
0[C to be liad thcrc,and all they brou^^^ht a-board
v'ii brackilh : Riir Weather, Wind variable.
Sunday ^ Febmary 26. Fair Weather, and a frefh
Wipd at S, S, W, This Morninc wefet .'^ail from
f^tf Dcfire^ to go for Eiiglanci] and at twelve
^ Clock, 1 was in the Latitude of 47 ^. i o ;//. S.
\nd then Cape Blancbo bore N. W. of mc, but
potby the C- iinpafs i for here is a Point and half
Viriation Lafterly ; and at four a Clock, Cape
Ikncho bore JV. N, W» of me, by the Compais,
ditoc nine Miles, and then we had 20 Fathom
Water i but when it bears W. N.W^, from you,
[jnd you are 8 Miles off, you will have but ten
Bthom Water. Here is very good Sounding
allthe Coaft along, from this Cape to Cape Vir-
[iihMary^ which lies in 52 d. 15 ;//. S, Within
ic Leagues off the Main, you will have 25 and
p Fathom Watery and i o Leagues off, you
nil have 50, and 55 Fathom Water^ it is black
die Sand.
Wednefday^ May 17. The Weather fair. This
vcninc^, at fix a Clock, we (liw the Illand of
it. Ma>y^ one of the Hies of Azore<^ ,• it bore
. N. E. of me, diftant about 1 6 Leagues, by
llimation : Fair Weather, W^ind at ^S'. £.
May \g. Fair Weather, Wind Eafierly. This
lorning, at fcvcn a Clock, the Town of Fiintek^
:da^ upon the lll.ind of St. Michaels^ one of the
:s of AZ'Orefy bore North of me, diitant about
two
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IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-S)
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1.0
11.25
2.2
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1-4 11.6
Photographic
Sciences
Corporation
23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580
(716) 872-4503
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1 18 Sir John NarbroughV r(?)/i3ge
two Miles i and my Longitude difference from
Cape Blanco to this Town is ^y
Meridian diftance from Cape Blanco to this To\tii
is Leagues, Miles, Tenths, hj\\r,c
this Town, lying fo far to the Eaftward oF the
Cape. This Day the Captain fcnt mc a-lliorc to
Puntelegada^ to enquire News from Englantl
whether we had War, or Peace with an', other
Nation, or not; and I was informed by Mr. R;.
chard Neuchenfon^ that we had War witli none
but the Argea-}AiLn. So I returned a-board again'
and we made all the Sail we could for England.
Tuefday^ May 23. Fair Weather, and much
Wind at N, E. our Provifions being almoft done
and but litte Water in the Ship j we bore up to
go for Angria at the Terceras.
May 24. Clofe, hafey Weather, and a frdi
Gale of Wind at N, E. and by N, This ron-
noon we anchored in Angria Rode, in 16 Fathom
^Water.
Friday^ May 26, Fair Weather, and litrlc
Wind at A/. E. This Forenoon we fet Sail out 01
Angria-Rode^ to go for E?igland.
Saturday ^ '^une 10. 1671. It was hafey, dirty
Weather, Wind at S. W. This Morning 1 fav
Scilly^ at feven a Clock ^ it bore N. E, by N. ot]
me, diftant about 5 Leagues ; and at fix a Clod
in the Afternoon the Lizard bore North otnic
diftant about 3 Leagues. Now, I make my dif<
ferencc of Longitude, from Cape Bla?icho to tlici
Lizzard in England^ to be 60 ^. 45 ;//. 2-ic.
and my Meridian diftance is 840 Leagues ^ I an
fo far to the Eaftward of the Cape.
A R>:'
n^
^Relation of a Voyage made towards the South
Terra Incognita ; eztra&ed from the Jour-'
ml of Captain Abel Janfen Tafman, by
which not only a new Pajfage by Sea to the
Southward of Nova Hollandia, Vande-
mens Land^ &c. is difcovered^ andavaft
[face cf Land and Sea incompaffed and faiU
d round^ but many confiderable and infiru^
B'lve Objervations concerning the Variation
of the Magnetical Needle in Parts of the
World almofi Antipodes to us ; and feveral
other curious Remarks^ concerning thofe
Places and People^ are fet forth. Not long
fince pubUJhed in the Low Dutch by Dirk
Rembrantle, and now in Engliih from
Dr. HookV Colleilions.
N the Year 1641. Aug. 14. He fet Sail with
two Ships from Batavia^ to wit, the Yacht
Hee?mhrk^ and the Fly-boat Seahaen i and
the 5 th. of September came to an Anchor
It the liland Mauritius 20 d. South Latitude, and
)>fl. 48 ;;/. Longit. They found this Illand 50
niKh Miles more Eafterly than by their reckon-
i^-jj which make 3 ^. 33 ni, of Longitude. The
K *" Sth.
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1 30 /I F^)'^^^ f^J^(i^ by Captain Tafman
8th. of Odoher they departed from thence, and
went nearly South, till the 40, or 41 d, havino
N. W, var. 25, 24, and 25 ^. to the 2 2d. rj
Odobcr. From that time they bore away Eaft
fomewhat Southwardly, till the a9th5 wIk^
they were in South Latitude A5 ^/. 47 ;;;. Longi'.
85? d. 44 in, Var. N,W» 26 a, The 6th of AV
'vember they were in South Latitude 49 ^. ^ ;„,
Long it. 1 14^. $6fn. N. JV.yiir. 26 d. with much
dirty,mifty, windy, and gufty Weather, and
with hollow Waves out of the S. W. and S. lo
that we could not conceive there could be anv'
Land very near upon thefe Points. Noxember \\,
Latitude S. 44^. 3 ;//. Longitude 140 d, 32 ^.i
jV. W^> var. 1 8 ^. 3 o ;;/. which decreafed apaer,
fo thc.^ on the 21ft. being in 158 rf. Longit. th
Variation was no more than 4 d» The 2 2 d. bein
the next day, their Compafs would not ftand fe
as it oii^rht j therefore they gueffed there vai
here fome Mines of Load-ftone, for that thei
Compafs flood not ftill upon any of the ci^f
Points. Ihe 24th of Noi). in South Latitinl|
42 <r^^ 25 in. and their middle Longit. of 165
5 o m* they fiw Land £. by iV. diftant from the
TO Miles, which they r\dimz6. Anthony "vauDi
7m^:: hand. Here the Compafs ftood right
this Lund in the Longitude of 1 63 rf. 5 o vu Thi
iiaci much Ilormy bad Weather, fo they ve
away S. by £\ along the Coaft to ^/\. d, of Sou!
Lnritvdc, where the Land runs away £. and afij
iV. E. and northerly : Here in the Longitui
167 d* 55 in, and Latitude 43 ^. 10 in, thi
can;e t-) anchor in a Bav, »which on the id
D
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towards the South Term Incognita. 151
^ccetnber they named Frederick He^idricb Bay :
Xhcy heard, as they thought, thcnoiie of Men/
but law none ; they faw alfo two Treej> abotic
t\ro, or two and a half Fathom thick, and 60, or
^5 Foot high below the Briinches -, the Bark of
thefc Trees was cut with Flint, peeled off in form
of Steps, to help the Inhabitants to climb them^
and twike the Birds Nefts thereon ,• thefe Steps
were about 5 Foot afunder, fo that we muft ei-
ther conclude thefe People \'ery great, or elfe
that they have fome unknown Trid<: to make ufe
of the faid Steps for climbing thefe Trees., In
the one Tree the Steps fcemcd fo frcili and green,
as if it had not been four days fmce they were
cut J the noife of Men, and the Play which they
heard, was much like that of a JeWf-Ti-u?np^ or
kikGom, which was not far off j but they faw
nobody. They faw the footing of wild Beafts^
having Claws like a Tyger^ and of other Beafts t
They found alfb Gum of the Trees, and Gum-*
Lac of the Ground. The Ebb and Flood was
Iherc about three Foot. The Trees flood not
thick, nor incumbred with thick Buihes, or Un-
[derwood ; they faw likewife in feveral Places the
Smoak of Fire. Here they did nothing but only
[ct up a Stake with the Companies Mark, and a
rmccs Flag thereon ; there was here 3 d. N» £♦
biation. December 5. S, Lat. 41 d, 34 in. Long.
pp d, they went away £. from Anthony "van Di^
mn Lan'd^ with purpofe to run away £. to the
Loiigit. of 195 d» to find the Iflands of Solomon*
kmber 9. withi'. Lat. 42 d, 37 m. Long. 176
\19nh N» E^ variation 5 d, Vecemb. 12. they
K 'I had
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had hollow Waves out of the S, JV, therefore
from that Quarter no Land is to be cxpedcd.
December 13. Latitude S* /\.2 d. 10 ;//. Longi-
tude 188 d, 28 ;//. N» E, var. 7 /^. 30 ;;/. thi*y
had Land in lii^ht, which was very hi^h and hillyj
and whi h in the Charts is now called New Zea-
land i they went N. Eaft wards along the Land as
the Chart lliewed it, till they anchored in a Bav,
in S. Latitude 40 d, 50. m* Longitude 191 ^. ^i
vi» N' £. variation 9 d, and that on die iSthof
December 16^2. Thefe Inhabitants were rough
of voice, thick and grofs made, they came not
within a Stones caft on Board of us, and blew
feveral times on an Liftrument, which made a
noife like a 'Moorijh Trumpet -, in anlwer thereto
we blew ours. Their Colour was between Brown
and Yellow ; diey had black Hair, bound fad and
tight upon die Crown of their Head, in the
i'amc manner as the Japanners have theirs be-
hind their Head, and near -^s long and thicket
Hair, upon wiiich flood a great thick \i'hitc
Feather ; rheir Clothes were of Mats, others of
Cotton, biit their Upper-parts were naked.
December 19. Thefe Antipodes began to U
fomewhat bolder, and more free j io that they
endeavoured to begin a Truck or Merchandize
widi die Yacht, and began to come on Board,
the Commander feeing this began to fear, ltd
they might befallen upon, and fent his Boatoif
Pro\7 with feven Men to advcrtifc them, thai
t'ley ihoiild not truft thefe People too much j thi
went off from the Ship, and not having any An:
with them^were fct upon by thefe Inhabitants,ani
tOWi
three o
faved tl:
dcavour
they w(
this real'
m the C
and four
fccnis a
atcd, bu
\Veft Wi
get out. ']
would nc
ward, the
Paffage to
ofthe^. i
to the Baj
:6il\ the
Northerly
1^5. in J
'9^11' N.E
liV.//^Ca
I out of the
I niiifl be a
tky were
Here J.iy a
Ibid^ to
2nd beine
tliiity or
(as well
liiicks or
■ loud Vo
'^licm,. and
l^^'7 wide f
ti
as
C
towards the South Terra Incognita. 1 3 5
three or four of them were killed, and the reft *
faved thcmfclvcs by fwimming : This they en-
deavoured to revenge, hut the Water goin^ l^ig^S
they were hindred ; this Bay was by them, for
this rcalbn, named Murderen' Bay^ as it i :•> marked
in the Charts. From this Bay they went on E.
and found the Land all round about them: It
fccnis a very good Land, fruitFul, and well fitu-
aicd, but by reafon of the bad Weather, and
Weft Wind, they hid a great deal of Trouble to
get out. The 24th of December^ becaufe the Wind
would not well fuffer tliem to go to the North-
ward, they not knowin^^ if they lliould find any
PalTage to tlie North, and the Flood coming out
of the V?. E. they concluded to go back ag in in-
to the Bay, and there feck a PaHage ; but t'lc
:6tli the Wind better ferving, they went away
Northerly fomewhat to the Weft. Jafinnry 4.
1545. in S, Latitude 3 4 <:/. 35 ;//. Longit. 191 ci.
9;//. TV. E. variation 8 d, 40 ?n. they came to the
iV. U"^. Cape of this Land, and had hollow Waves
out of the iV. E. and therefore doubted not there
muft be a great Sea in the N, E. whereupon
I they were glad, as having now gotten aPalTige.
Here lay an Iftand which they named three Kings
ftW, to which they went to refrefli thenifelves,
and being come near, they faw upon the Hi 11
[thirty or thirty five Men, being of tall Stature
|(as well as might be difcerned from far) with
bricks or Clubs, who called to them with harlh
Dr loud Voices, but they could not undcrftand
Itlicmi and thole Men, when they walked, made
^'ly wide Pvices or Steps. In turning about this
K 3 Iftand
f <
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154.-^ Voyage made by Captain Tafraan
Iflvind there appeared very few Men, and they
faw little or no cultivated Land, but only found
a frcfh River, where our People intended to get
frcfh Water, but by fome unlucky Accident were
prevented ; whereupon it was refolved to go with
an Eaftern Courfe to the Longitude of 2 20 ^. and
then Northward to the South Lat. of 17 ^. and
from thence Weftward to die Cocoa and Horm
ip.ands\ firft difcovercd by William Sc.:uten -, and
then, if not fooncr, to recruit; for they had in-
dc.-'d been upon Anthony "van Dicmem Land^ but
hud met with nothing j and upon New Zcakid
they had not lo much as once been a-fhorc.
^an, 8. In S, Latitude 30^. 25 ;/;. Longitude
ipid, 20 7A'. A^. E. variation 9 d. they had great
Waves out of the S. £. fo that upon that Point
no Land can be hoped. January 12, South Lati-
tude $0 d. ■) m> Longitude 195 ^. 27 ;//. N.E.
variation 9 i-i d, they had hollow Waves out of |
the S. E. and S, W> 'January 16. in S, Latitude
26 d. 29 m. Longitude 199 d. 3 2 ;;;. A" E, va-l
riation 8 d.
The 19. Li S, Latitude 21 d, I'yin. Longitiic'c
'z 04 d, 1 5 ;;/. A/. E. variation 7 1-2 d. they f iw anl
liland about two or three Miles round, hislij
fleep, and barren in appearance ; they wouMl
willingly liave come nearer to it, but could notJ
bccaule of the S, E* and S. S. E. Wind ; they gavi;
it the name ot Piiiflrcctf Jjlands\ becaufe of tlii]
multitude of thofe I'owls j the next day tk)
law again two Illands. Tlie 2ih o^ Jannurjii
S. Lat. 21 d. 20 ;;/. Longitude 205 d. 29 ;/fl
N. E. variation 7 1-4 d, they came to the Norj
thcrniof
towards the South Terra Incognita, i ;j 5
tlicrmoft Ifland, which was the biggeft, and not
high; they gave it the Nsliwc o^ Amfterdam^ and
the other Middlebw Jo, On this Amfi^Ydam they
aot many Hogs, Hens, and all forts of Fruits ;
diehihabitants were friendly, had no Weapons,
iiid appeared to know no Hvil, exc-pting that
they take the Liberty to fteal j there the Current
is not great, the Ebb runs near N. E. and the
Flood S.U^. AS,JV. Moon makes high Water,
and it flows 7 or 8 Foot at leafl:,- the Wind is
continually S, E. and S. S» E. wherewith the
Yacht Hefn.fkirk was adrift, but faved herfelf off
thclfland, yet took in no Water, which here was
not cafie to couie by. Janua^j 25. in S, Lat.
10 L 1% in. Longitude 206 d, \9 m, N, E, var.
6 1-3 d. After having feen feveral little Ifands,
they came to the Ifland Rotterdam^ as you fee it
in the Chart. The People were Iricndly, and
without Arms as the former, but likewile very
thcevilh : Here they got frem Water, and other
RcFrcOiment ; they went through this Ifland, and
found the Cocos^ or Clappus Trees in great plen-
ty, planted orderly one by another, and Gardens
whofc Beds were made fquare, and very hand-
fume, and fet with all forts of Fruit Trees, which
in almofl: all Places were planted in a right Line ;
lo that it was a pleafure to behold them, on all
Ifidcs giving a fragrant and delightful Smell.
From this Ifland Rotterdam they departed, and
lliw fome other Iflands which you fee in the
[Chart, and now defigned, according to their for-
V:r R^folution, to go away North till the lytli
i of S, Lat. and then W, not to pais by the
K 4 Traitors
♦' 1
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1 36 i4 r<)y^^^e mijrfe iy Captain Tafman
Traitors and fJornefe IJland ; they had the Wind
at *9. E. and E. .S*. £.
February 6. In South Latitude 17 ^. 29 m.
Longitude 201 d, 35 ;//. they were intricatcd
among about 18 or 20 Illands, which were all
encompaifed with Sands, Shoals,. Banks and
Rocks, which Iflands are marked in the Charts
by the Name of Prince Williavis IJlandf^ and
Hvnfhrh Shoab.
February 8. In S. Latitude 15 ^. 29 fn. Longi-
tude 199 <i. 3 1 ;/;. they had a great deal of Rain,
and hard Wind out of the N. E. and N. N. E.
with hafey and dark Weather, and fearing left
they might be more Weftwardjy than by their
Reckoning, that they might not fall to the South-
wards of Nova Guinea^ or on unknown Coaftsj
alfo by reafon of the windy dark Weather, they
concluded to go on N. or iV. N*W. to 4, %^ or
6 d, of S. Latitude, and then away W* to No^ca
Guinea^ and fo to be in lefs danger.
February 14. In South Latitude 16 d, 30 ;//.
Longitude 195 d. 35 ;//. till this time they had
every day Rain with Storms, but now 'twas m(jrc
Calm j they haled the Ship Seahaen^ and found
their Reckonings to agree.
Feb. 20. In S. Lat. 13 d, 45 in. Long. 193 i
3 5 m, they had dill thick, dark, mifty and rainy
Weather, the Sea coming out of all Quarters, and
the W'ind variable. Feb, 16, Lat. ,9. 9 d, 48 w.
Long. 193 d, 43 ;;/. the Wind was conftanriy
iV. W^, They had not had one dry day in twenty
one. March 2. Lat. S, g d» 11 jn, Longit. 192 1\
46 m, NiE, var, 10 d. the Weather and Wind
van.
towards the South Terra Incognita. 1 5 7
variable. March 8. Latitude vSouth 7 d, 46 ;//•
Longitude 190 d, 47 ?n, "\Vcatherand Wind as
before. March 14. South Latitude 10 d. 12 ;;;,
Longitude 1 86 rf. 1 4 m, TV. £. variation 8 d. 45 w.
Before this, for twelve days time, they could get
no Obfervation, becaufe every day it was thick,
dark, and dirty Weather, with much Rain.
Miirch 20. South Latitude 5 rf. 1 5 ///. Longitude
181 d, \6 m, N. E. variation 9 d, the Weather
grew better. March 22. South Latitude 5 ^. 2 ;//.
Longitude 178^. 32;/;. Good W^eather with
Eaftcrly Trade Wind i they got fight of Land
four Miles IVi from them : It was a number of
fmall Ulands, about twenty in all, named in the
Charts Onthong Java^ which lye about ninety
Miles from the Coaft of Noi:a Guinea, March 2 5 .
j*. Latitude 4 rf. 35 7n. Longitude 175 ^. 10 ;//•
variation 9 r/. 3 o ;//. they were up with the
I lllands of Mir^, all found by William Scoiitcn
and '^ohn le Mair^ being fourteen or fifteen in
number : The Natives are Savage, and have their
black Hair tyed up like the Rogues of Murderers
% in No'-ca Zealandia, March 29, they palfed
by Green IJland j the 3 oth by St. 'Joh?is IJland,
\Afril I. in South Latitude 4 <i. 3 o w. Longitude
[71 d. 1 in, variation 8 d, 45 ;//. they reached
fbe Coaft o^New Guinea a'", a Cape, called by the
laniards Cabo St. Maria ^ and went along the
Coaft, which lies about N, W, to Anthony Caem
fmd^ Garden rf JJland and FiJJjers Ifland^ to the
promontory, called Striiis Hook^ where the Land
"ills away i". and S, Eaftwardly which they fol-
^■v?ed^ and went Scvitherly^ until they Inould
difco-
t ',
1 1
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I m
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Hi
i'
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hf
1 58 J ^oya/e made by Captain Tafman
difcovcr rhc Land, or clfc find a PafTagc to the
South. /Ipril 12, S. Lititudc 5 d. 45 ;//. Lon^;i.
tudc 167 (L 00 ;;/. TV. E. variation 10 d. Here
they had x ^■idc' •! Eii thquakc, that ail they that
were i'^(i aj-L*ep < imc up out oF their C.bhins
very much aifighud, imag niiig that the Ship
had (truck upon Rock, but cilUng the Lead,
found no Gror.na ; they had afterwards icvcral
Shakes of tlie Earthquake, but never fo viokm
as the lirft ; they were then within the Stniu
Hool^ (landing into the Bight Bay of Good
Hope. Aprd 14. South Latitude >) d, 2j m. Here
they faw the Land from the £. iV. E. into the
S, and fo on to the S. S, W. they intended to
find a Paffagc between both, but found this to I
be all one Land even into the Weft, wherefore
tliey turned their Courfe Weftward along the
Coaft, and had much Cahns. April 20. \\\U
Lat. 5 ^. 4 m. Longitude 1 64 J, 27 vu N» £. var.
8 <i. 3 o ;//. By Night they came by the Bimibm
Jfland^ and faw a great Fire come out of the top
of the Hill ; of which alfo William Scouten writcs:|
They went between this Ifland ind the Main,
and faw many Fires clofe by the Water, as
towards the middle of the high Hill ; whcnc;
they argued this to be a populous and well in-
habited Ifland i they had along this Coaft oi
No'va Guinea much Calms, and faw frcquend]
drift Wood, as fmall Trees, Bainboes, and othcl
filth, from the Land that came out from the Ki
vers, which made them conclude that there arl
many Rivers, and that it muft be a good Lm
. Till
towards the South Terra Tncognita. i :}9
"flic next day they pafsM the BiirningMountain^
jndwcnt along the Shore W, N, W, April 27. in
South Latitude 2 d, 10 in. Longitude 1 5 6(L 47 m.
they thought they were at the 111 md Moa^ but
\:y^is Ja?na^ a little more Hafterly t\un Mon ;
licrc they got many Cow-Nuts and other things:
The People were wholly black, and what tliey
heard our People fpeak they could very perfectly
repeat, which is a certain Sign that their Lan-
£uage is very copious in Words, and dilTicult to
be pronouncM, becaufe they ul'e nuich the Let-
ter /^. and fometimes two or thr.e times in a
Word. The next day they came before Moa^
\rherc likewife they got much Refreflinicnt ;
hire, by rcafon of contrary Winds, they flay'd
till the 6th of May^ fo that they truck'd tor near
6000 Co6'<?-Nuts, and 100 Bundles of Pyfanghs ;
al^out the Beginning of their TrafTick on the
llland Moa^ whether malicioufly or otherwife,
cue of our Company was hurt with an Arrow
lliot by one of the Inhabitants : Whilft this pafs*d
they were getting their Ships nearer to the Land,
vherewith this People were fo frighted, that
of their own accorcl they brought aboard liim
that had fiiot the Arrow, for us to do with
'lim what we pleafed, and from that time they
LTC better to be fpoken withal, whether it
crc in their Traffick or otherwiie, fo that our
People took Pieces of Iron Hoops and littcd them
into Hafts, and made them fomewhat brieht and
ftiarp, and fo put them ofl: for Knives. L is pro-
felc they fliJl rcmejnber wliat befel them with
Scoutcn 27 Years before : 'Twas in the
Year
' 11
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111
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ft"
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0' '
1 40 ^ Voyage made by Captain Tafman, Sec.
Year i5i6, July 16. for they having dealt very
traiteroufly and perverfly with him; Jacob k
Mair went with the Ship clofe to the Land be-
tween the Iflands, and fnot with his Great Guns
along the Strand, and into the Woods, fo tlniMjlRdatioi
;rcar
the Bullets flew through the Trees with a
Noifc, whereupon thefe Negroes fled, and durll
not once peep out j but at length they grew vcrvl
tradable, may 12. in S. Lat. o J. 54 w. and
Long. 153 ri. 17 ;«. N. E. Variation 6 d. ^0 m,
they iail'd along the N. fide o^ William ScoHtoisi
Wand ; it feems that the People are nimble, and
that the Ifland is well inhabited, and is about 18
or 19 Miles long. May 18. S. Lat. o d, 26 w.
Long. 147 rf. 55 ??u ]SL E, Variation 5 d, 30 ;/J
they had pafsM the Cape of Good Hope and come
to the Weft end of New-Guinea^ a broken Point
of Land. They had much variable Calm and con-
trary Winds with Rain ; From hence they went
Southward for Seravi^ and came on the Noitlj
fide thereof. On the 27th o( May they went or
through the Streights to the North of Bonrc •
Bouton^ and fo for Batavia where they arriv'
June 1 5, in South Latitude 6 d, 12 ;//. and Loii
gitudc 127 ^. 18 ;//. the Voyage was finiili'd
ten Months,
'aj/age
China
the Sp
Anno i
the Reaj
cf a Pa
gco^JObj
tj Captu
^>irrativcs Ii
recorded in
fentj,^^ to fl
formerly un
irobable R
c liid Voy
The firft t
c
r.is Sir R*
'^
rcc Sail ot
^:ipc of Fih
e're he fay
Jnnot be f
pr it was Ic
1 1
141
v..
f I.
\lRdation of a Voyage for the Vijcovery of a
Pafage by the North-Eajl^ to Japan and
China ; Perforrnd in his Majejiys Shi^
the Speed wel, and Profperous Pinky
Anno Domini 1676. Where is Jlotvp'd
the Reajons and Grounds of the Probability
of a Pajfage before the Attempt^ with fome
Hod Obfervations made in thefaid Voyage^
by Captain John Wood.
rO write a full Relation of all thofc
Navigators that have attempted to
find a Paifage by the iV. E. to China
and Jafan^'AV be ncedicfs, fince their
;irratives have pafVd moft Hands^ they being
ccorded in Hdcklnit and Purchafe ; but my In-
entis, to flicw wherein thofe faiPd that have
irmcrly undertaken it, and then to ihcw the
lobable Reafons that induc'd me to undertake
he laid Voyage, with the Event ther of.
TiiL' fir ft that ever attempted the laid Voyage^
.isSir H:/^'.' Wdbnghh'j in the Year 155*3, with
ICC Sail of Ships, and he faii'd to the North
uipc of Fihfiiar ke^^ind then into the Lat. of 72,
icic he fays he law Land ; but to this day ic
innot be fi i;nd again, and I am of Opinion
lur ic was lome Fog Bank liiat he fiw j for in
my
lor
r
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,;
i
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ill j IM
i. I'll:
n
f
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The foi
f/«/, a V
l^nt out (
]m 1 6 01
\m^ cnti
rith Ice th
fo tafting (
ffhicli ncit
obfcrvcd ,•
bbiliry of
founigiftg
(orhc Nor
iiiight be p
So in the
141 A Voyage for the Dijcovery
my Return home, I ran over the lame place vrhcic
our Chart-makers lay down that Land ; but cer-
tain it was, that by foul Weather he was forc\i
into a Harbour in Lapland^ cill'd Arzena^ where
by the Continuance of bad Weather, he could
never return out, but was there frozen to Death
with all his Ship's Company ; fb that of this
Voyage there was no Light given to find a Paf-
fagc that way.
The fccond that attempted, was one Captain
Stephm Burrorigh.f^-d'^tQrviiird Comptroller of the
Navy to Qui^tn Eliza^jeth. In the Year 1555,
he fet forward, and pafs'd the North Cape, and
failing farther Eafterly, difcover'd the Waygates.
that is the Streight that runneth between thcJnVec! on th
South Part of Nova Zemhla^ and the Saimno)dM^hh ^he
Country, where he entered, and believing thaiB^'^" Shore ti
S'mm^ or Bay, thcEaflward of the Streights, i
be a free and open Sea, he returned with Hop
of PafTage that way to China and Japan,
The third that attempted, was Captain A/feiB^ll en durec
fett^ :ind Co.m.un Charles Jachnan^ in thcYeailwr Morta
1 5 Sojbeing fent out by Queen Elizabeth to folio
the Track of Burroughs ; fo, letting forwards the
came to the Waygates, and paffed the Streight:
and came into the Sea to the Eaftward, where the
met with fuch a vafl Quantity of Ice and ba
Weather, that they with great Hazard, Peril, am
Labour, were forc'd to return, but by foul\Ve;]Bn fhe Year
ther loft one the other, and Pett was never hearB'^ Voyage
of fmce ; fo the Pallage through the Waygat J So the Th
was in England laid by, as thought not poiTibw'is wholly
that way, and then tjie Hollanders undertook m^^^ or two
wuld get n<
^nVcn on S
Kmd hcc<
pith difficu
W,- but
mrmns dye
3.iny.
The next
^ilcovcrer o
crc
cr-
■c\l
:i-c,
M
:ath!
this I
Paf.
^tainl
Ftk
^atesj
n tJK
viojdi
gtb
Its, Id
Hope
Irth
Ya
oUo^
ci
the]
ghts
: the
d ba]
InVea
hcarl
)OUV
[00k
t)/ ^ North- Ea ft Pajfage, 149
The fourth that attempted it was William Bar"
fW, a well Experienced Navigator and Artift,
l^nt out of Holland by Prince Maurice in the
Vcar 1606. He failed into the Waygatcs, but
Ring cntred, he found the fame Incumbrance
irith Ice that Pen and Jachnan had done before ;
fo rafting of the Water, and finding of it frcfh,
vhich neither Burroughs ^?ett^ nor Jachnan^ had
obferved ; he returned without any hope or pro-
bability of a Paflage that way ; but this not dif-
couragiAg him, he refolvcd a ilcond Adventure
j (0 the Northward of No'va Zemhla^ to fee what
might be performed that way.
So in the Year 1607, he let forward, and ar-
rived on the Coaft o^ Nova Zembla^ in the Lat*
ot73, where he met with Ice^ and fo coafted
the Shore till he came to the Lat. of 76, where he
could get no farther, and by the Ice was there
driven on Shore, and his Ship broke in pieces by
it, and he confined to winter there, wh:re they
[ill endured the greateft Extremity of Cold that
lever Mortals did j the Winter being paft, they
[with difficulty, in two Boats, got to Cola in Lap-^
diid; but before their Arrival there, William
)^mans dyed^ to the great grief of all his Com-
iny.
The next that attempted it, was that famous
iifcovcrer of our own Nation Mr. Vlenry H'ldlo?!^
the Year i6to. but he being difl^.eartncd by
[tie Voyage o^ Barram^ attempted but little.
So the Thought of a Pallaj^^je by the North-Fafl
us wholly laid alide, till of late wiiiiin this
fear or two fome Novel i\ccidaus happening,
the
I 'I
ii
h
H:1-
,«
II !
■pvm
'^i ;:
ix
1 4.4. A Voyage for the Dlfcavery
the Opinion of the North-Eaft was received In
fome, and fomething relating thereunto was
printed in thcTranfa^^fiom of the Royal Socieiy.
Now will I come to the Reafons that in-
duced me to believe there was a Probability of a
Paflage and then the caufe of my undertaking
of the laid Voyage.
My firft Reafon was grounded on the Opinion
of Willia?n Barra?is before Ipoke of j which was
that Nova Zembla and Greenland being 200
Leagues diftance between one and the other
that if he had fleered away North-Eaft fronuhe
North Cape, which would have brought him in
the mid-way betwixt the two Lands, that then
he might have probably found an open Sea, free I
from Ice, and lb confequently a Palfage,- and in
that Opinion he remained to his dying day ^ for
he did verily believe that the Ice was not to be|
met off of cither Shore more than 20 Leagues
and the reft to be free and open, and that hisl
being too near the Shore of Nova Zembla^ was
the caufe of his meeting fo much Ice, which was
the Overthrow of his Voyage j and if he hadl
lived, he had purpofely intended another VoyageJ
and to have failed the mid-way.
The fecond Reafon that made me believe ai
PafTagc, was a Letter fent out of Holland ; whiclil
ispublilhed in the Ti-anfa^fiomohhc Royal Socim
which affirmeth, the Grand Czar of Mufcovia had)
Caufed a particular Survey of the Land of Ak/i
Zemhla^ and that they had found it to be no
Ifland, but to join to the main Land of T(ivu\
ria^ and that to the Northward of it was a frcfl
and open Sea. ' m
■f!
! I*
m
Ilicvc a|
na had!
mru
of a North'Eafi Paffage: 14*;
The third, was a Journal printed in Holland^
Qf I Voyage from Eatavid to Jnpin^ wherein
i\x Ship was Cad away upon Corea^ a PeninfuLi
oiClM-, where by the Natives they were made
5: ves. The Relater having been there 16 Years,
at'uft cfcaped to Japnn^ and writ this Journal,
therein, amongft other Obfervations, he rc-
latts tb.is, That in a Bay on the Coaft oF Corea^
there doth ar levcral Times drive in dead \\'halej>
vith En^lijh and Dutch Harping Irons in them,
vhidi, if true, had been, a great Argument of
aPaffagc/
, Thc'tburth, was a Relation of Mr. Jofepb
M^w/r, who being in Hollani above 20 Years
nee, heard a Dutchman relate , (as he did be-
eve the real Matter of Fad) that he had beenf
nder the Pole itfelf j and that it was as warm
Sicrc as it was at Amfterdam in Summer time.
The fifth, was a Relation of one Captain
'An who had made above thirty Voyages to
'nmland^ and this he did relate to his Majefty,
iiat being at Greenland fome tv/enty Years ago,'
was in Comp:.ny with two Hollanders to the
ftward of Edges llland, and that the Whales
t appearing on the Shore, the two Hollanders
;re rcfolv'd to go farther Northerly, and to
" among the Ice; fo they departed from him
i went to the Northward, and in a Fortiiidit's
ne rcturn'd to him agaul, and gave it out^
I they had fail'd itlto the Lat. of 80, that
s witjiin one Degree of the Pole, a!id that
':y did meet with no Ice, but a free and opert
X :ind that there ran a very hollow srown Sea
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146 ^ Voyage for the Vifcovery
like that of the Bay of Bifcay, Mr. Gouldm be-
ing not fatisfy'd with the bare Relation, they pro.
duc'd him ibur Journals out of the two Ships
v/hich tcftify'd the fame, and that they all agreed |
within 4 viin, one of the other.
The iixth Inducement that made me believel
there was a Pafftge, was a Relation from the
fame Captain Gormen^ which was. That all tlie|
Drift-Wood that they found at Greenland^ n
eaten with a Sea-Wormto the very Heart, whichj
if fo, it muft of NecelTity come out of a he
Clip.iate ; for^Experience iheweth, that the Worm
bitcth in no cold Country, therefore it coiil(|
not be fupposM that it came from any otlie
C^ountry than Jadzo^ J^f^^t or fome Land
thereabout.
Thefevcnth Argument was another Narrarioj
printed in the Tra?il ad ions o^ two Ships, of lac
that had attempted the PafTage, fail'd 301
Leagues to the Eaftwrrd of Nr/va Zembla^ anj
had after profccuted tiie Voyage, had there nif
a Difference arofe betwixt the Undertakers ii
I he Eaft-hidia Company, againft whofe Intcrd
it was to futfcr it to be found out ; fo ihcy bj
ing a Body, and more powerful than the otlia
iuppreis'd it.
Theic Icven were the main Arguments, tliol
liad many more, that converted me into thcO{[
nion of there being a PoiTibility of a Palfage
the Northward of Norva Zembla^ to China a|
Jupan i thefe being, as i iuppos'd, or as any
would have done, if he had well confider'd thcj
to be Matter of Fadt^ and no Fables.
BefiJ
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of a North-Eafi Pajfage. i\f
Befides thefe Arguments, 1 had fomc grounded
upon Reafori and Nature, which fecm'd to be
alTiftant in the Dcfign of the Attempt, fuppofing
the aforeiaid Arguments to be true, and there
being no Land nor lee in the way as an Obftack
to hinder it. ' "
The firft was. That being near the North-Pole
in the Summer time, it might be as warm as un-
der the ArtiC^i or Antartkk Circle, or warmer
than with us in the Winter time^ for under the
Pole itfelf, in JtinCj the Sun being 2 3 Degrees
, and having no Depreflfiori towards the Ho-
rizon, but always fwimining about at the fame
Height, might illuminate that Part of the Hemi-
ere with more Heat than it does ours in Win-
ir, when he is no more than 15 Degrees high,
hen he is at the higheft, that is on the Meri-
dian, and riot more than eigiit Hours above the
lorizon ; or that it might be as hot as any Place
br cither Polar Circle, becaufe there the Suit
lath a Declination towards the Horizon ,• and fo
le Atmofphere hath almoll as much time to cool^'
it hath to heat, which, under the Pole,fliould
lave no Intermiirian. And one Argument to fa-
Dur this Opinion, was the Relation of moft
kenland Tnid^rs^ who affirm. That the fiirther
korth they go on the Coaft of that Land,^
iey meet with more green Herbs and Grafs,
[an they do to the Southward, and confcqucnt-
*more Deer*
[The fecond was (that which I moft fear"d)
lich was foggy Weather, wliich I did imagine,
it fliould happen, it could not at the iamc
L 2 time
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14.8 A Voyage for the Difcovery
time blow hard j bccaufc it is ufual in all oHicr
Climates, when Wind happeneth, to diipcrfc the
Fog i fo that if it ftiould fo happen, on j might
lie by, or make little way till Wind came, that
one might fee befo,rcthem.
The th'rd was the Solution of a Doubt, that
moft Men had fancy'd, which was^ That if one
came near the Pole, the Septentrial Declination
of the Needle of the Compafs Ihould be quite
taken away, which would of neceflity follow, if j
the Pole of the World, and the Pole of the
Magnet were all one, which, I am certain, is not,
but is placed fo far off, that one might go under j
the Pole of the World, if Land or Ice did not
hinder j with this Suppofition, that one muft
know where the Pole Magnetical is, to allow thc|
Variation that will there happen.
Having confider'd all thefe Arguments andl
Reafons, with many more 1 met with, whichi
wiil be too tedious to relate, and the Polfibilityl
of a Pa(fagc being now imprinted in my Mindl
and Inclination, 1 do intend to fliew the Rcaibnsj
in iliorr, that induc'd me to undertake the faid]
.Voyage.
The firfl was. That the King, whom God prej
ferve, fhould reap the Honour and Glory there]
of, and his Subjeds the Profit.
Secondly, There being no Actions within rlij
Hemifphere of his Majefty's Dominions whcrciij
any Vacancy was, but all being fupply'd, I choiej
rather than to be idle, to apply myfelf to Hil
Majefty for the Profecution of the Defign ; m
being advis'd to it by a great many of the be|
m
of a North^EaSl'Pajfage. 1 4.9
Mcrclunts of the City of Ljondon ; where, after
divers ConfuJtations with them, and the Rea-
fons and Arguments before-mention'd being de-
bated, it was by many thought Practicable, and
by more thought Profitable to the Nation : The
Particulars to relate, would fwell into a confide-
nblc Volume.
The third Reafon was peculiar to myfelf, tho'
when known^ to the Ufe and Benefit of all Man-
kind; which was. That having for fome Years
paft fram'd an Hypothefis of the ivlotion of the
iw Magnetical Poles, for two fuch there be ;
and by the Obfervations of all, or mofc that
writ of that Subjed, with my own Obfervation,
and coflly Experiment upon a great many Plac js
0:' the Sltperticies of the Terrcftrial C.-lobe; I
having found out their Motion very near, and
I thereby the Inclination of the Migm^tical Ncctlle
under the Horizon, in all Latitudes, and all
Longitudes ; and Variation of the Compafs mxy
be found in any Place in the World, Vv'ithout
AfTiftance of any other Luminary. But not be-
ing fo fully fatiiify'd as I might be, if I could
|come fo near the Pole as was fuppos'd, it prom-
pted my Inclination, as fiu* as any other Ar^^u-
p;nr whatever, to atternpt this Voyage.
So, havinsf all thefe Reafons that there \rxs a
?allage, and Reafons for me to undertake it, I
idvanc'd. The firft Step to it was, I drew a PoLir
Vmght, wherein I trac'd all thofe Navigarors
felt had attempted the North- eafl-, v/hich I pre-
[cnted to his Majefty, and Royal Hii^hncis, and
fpply'd my lei f to them with the Reafons a^ore-
L :: faid s
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150 A Voyage for the Difcovery
faid; which, after their Royal Confideration
and Confult with many Merchants and Seamen
that had ufed to fail Northward, and if thought
by all feazible, His Majefty was gracioufly
plcas'd to grant me the Sfeedwel Fregat, to be
manned and vidualled at his Royal Charge,
with all other Appurtenances thereunto belong-
ing.
But becaufe in all Attempts of this Nature it
was not convenient to venture one Ship alone,
for the many Accidents that are incident to a I
finglc Ship in an Entcrprizc of this Nature ;
Therefore, his Royal Highnefs the Duke ot|
TorL
The Honourable John Lord Barllct.
Sir Jofepb IVillianifon,
Sir John Banker.
Mr. Samuel Peeps.
Captain Herbert.
Mr. Dnpey.
Jvlr. HoopgO'J.
Thefe Eight Honourable Perfons, at their ovn
proper Charge, bought a Pink, calFd the Prui
fperops^ of the Burden of a hundred and twcntyl
Tuns, fitted her to Sea, Men, Ammunition, Proj
vifion, and Merchandize, which was iiicli as|
was rcafonably propos'd to vend on the Coall
of Tartar ia^ or at Japan^ if a Prffage had beeii
found.
Now the Ships being fitted out, the Speek\
(It Deptford in the King's Yard, where the Builder!
Mr
of a North^EaJl Pajfage, i 5 i
Mr. John Siflj^took no ordinary Care in Strcngtli-
ning Jier, and in her Sheathing, which was as
well pcrform'd as in any Ship that ever fail'd on
the Sea. Thus being fitted, 1 was to fatisfie niol^
People of the Advantage to our Nation, that
would accrue if there was a PafTage.
The tirft Advantage that I purposed, was, that
on the Coaft of Tartaria^ it being a cold Cli-
mate, we might vend our EngUfh Cloth, which
now is grown a Drug j and certain it is, that they
wear Cloth which is fent them from Rnjjia an^i
Mofcovia^ which, before it arrive at their Hands,
muft needs be very dear in the Prize; fo if one
could come on their Coaft, one might vend a
great deal morc^ and abundance cheaper.
The fecond Advantage, as would have bc?ii,
that in fix Weeks one might have lail'd to Japan^
which in the other Way is nine Months ; and
the Paflage that Way being as hazardous and
pcrillous as this would have been, if th?rc had
k'cn any Pafllige by the North-E.ift ,- for by the
South way, all the way betwixt Sr?;/m/// and 'Ja-
Piware an innumerableCompany of Saads,Shoals,
and Iflands, where many Ships arc yearly loft, and
all that way one muft turn up to the Windward,
be in perpetual Fear of the Hollander s\ whom if
we meet, they do their utmoft Endeavours to dc-
ftroy us.
Then if there had been a North-Eaft Paifagc,
and that one might fail in fuch a ftiort time to
ypn^ the King might fend out ^ .en ot War to
Jfif^;/, and force them to trade ; which the other
iVay is not to be done, becaufe they c^.nn )t carry
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151 ^ Fbv^ge for the Vifcovery
Provifion for fo long time ; bcfides the certain
biicalls that are incident to Ships, that have
many Men in hot Weather, renders it impia-
aicablc : Thefe and many other Reaions I m.
fed, which would be too tedious to relate, they
being as yet frefh in the Memory of moft I told
them to.
Now, after all thefe Arguments and Ueafons,
the Time of the Year growing on for us to be
gone, we made our Ships ready for the Sea, be
ing as well fitted for a Difcovery as ever any
Ships were -, having on board each Ship fixtecu
Months Provifion of all Ibrts, with Sixty eight
Men and Boys in the Speedwd^ and eighteen Men
in the Pr offer ous.
Joumll
of a North'Eafi: Paffage. 1 5 j
^ournal^ In His Majtjtys Ship the Speed-
well, Captain John Wood Commander^
bound for the Difcovery of a Pajfu^e to the
Eaft-lndies, by the Horth-Eaji: Sailing
about Nova Zembia, and Tartary, and
Japan. 1676.
Qllnday^ May 28. the Wind at .9. ?^ Sailed
^ from the Buoy of the Norc^ in Company of
^ the Profperdiiji^ Captain Flawes Comman-
ilcr, being bound upon the Difcovery with us.
At Eight at Night the Naze Lani bore Weft
1-: North about fix Leagues, wc ftcercd away
iV. E. and N, N, £.
Monday^ May ig. The Wind at .9. W. and
)t S.W, a freih Gale with Showers of Rain,
ourfe per Compafs between the N. E. and the
'. diftance failed by the Log 73 Miles, true
iourfc protracted (ince laft Night Eight a Clock
[0 this Day Noon, is North iS d. Eaft difference
ifLat. 68 Miles, and departure Eaft from the
hze Land 36 Miles ; Lat. by Judgment, as in
e Margent. Thick cloudy Weather.
Tnefday^ May 3 o. From Yefterday Noon to
is Day Noon, the Wind variable from 5. JVl
the S. E, thick cloudy Weather, and a frelK
mmM^'^' ^^^^^^ P^^ Compafs N. N. W. and N, W.
■' ] N. diftance failed by the Log 9 5 Miles, true
lourfe is iV. 28 d* Weft, diftance of Lat. 85
Milejj^
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154. j4 Voyage for the Dijcovery
Miles, departure Weft 4) Miles, Lat. per Judg-
ment; Meridian diftancc Weft nine Miles.
Wediefday^ May 3 1 . From Yefterday N(^on to
this Day ISoon, the Winds variable with Calnw
and Rains. Coiirfes/)^r Traveric; true Couiic
protraded, with all Impediments allowed, i^
North 43 d. Weft 60 Miles, difference oF Lat.
42 Miles, departure Weft 40 Miles, Lat. fu
Judgment 54 ^. 13 ;//. Lat. by a good Oblerwi-
tion at Noon 55 ^-30 ;//. at which time, the
Land between New-Caftle and Benvick bore W.
about 8 or 9 Leagues : Meridian diftancc Cur-
rent from the bearing of the Land, and the Lit.
is 88 Miles, 50 Fathom Water; law two Ships
^landing to the Southward, but would not ihow
their Colours.
Thnrfday^ ^luic i . From Yefterday Noon to
this Day Noon, a frefh Gale from the JV. by S.
to the S. JV, Courib per Compafs between the
N. and the N. W- diftance failed by the Log 76
Miles, true Courfe protracl:ed is iV. 16 d. Well
Lat, by a good Obfeivation 56^/. 41 in, depar-
ture Weft 2 1 M iles.
At nine in the Morning we give Chafe tea
Scotch FiHierman, and at Noon came up wit'ii
her, and bought fonic Fifh of him; at Noon a
iiard Gale fteered away North, being about
feven or eight Leagues from the Land, betwaii
MoHtrofs and Edenburgh: We fteered ulon^
the Courfe N. by E. till eight a Clock.
Friday^ June 2. From Yefterday Noon to tin:
Day Noon, the Winds variable with lair "\V ' -I
iher. Courfe _p^r Compafs jV. diftancc failed Iv;
111
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of a North^Eafi Pajfage. 155
the Log I' 1 7 Miles, but by a good Obfervation
120 Miles, Lat. 58 ^. 41 ;//, Winds from the
Jf. S. W. to the S. IV.
At two a Clocjc a great guft of Wind at N. IV
with Rain ; we hand our Top-fails, and at three
it blew a Storm of Wind , we lay a Try under
a Main-fail till ten a Clock, then lent our Fore-
lail.
Saturday^ June ^. From Ycftcrday Noon to
this Day Noon, trueCourfe protraded Leeward
way, and all Impediments allowed, is North 1-2
hi\ 42 Miles, Lat. by a good Obfervation is
5^9^. 23 ?n. Meridian diftance from the A/ia^e
Land is 1 00 Miles ; at Noon faw a fmall llland,
called Foril^ lying to the South of Shetland^ bear-^
ing JVl N. W. about four Leagues i in the After^
noon little W ind.
Note, that we found the Ship more to the
Weftward than expeded, being caufed by a va-
riation of 5 or 7 a. E.
Sunday^ June 4. This Forenoon little Wind,
with Calms till about 1 2 at Noon, at which time
fpiung up a Gale JVi N»Wl blowing very hard ,
we ply to Windward, and turned into Brace-
Sound, and anchored in nine Fathom Water,
right againft the Town called Lerzvick ; here is
the Remains of a Fort that was built in the time
of War with Holland^ but upon the Peace with
the Hollanders it was demolilhcd, for fear any
other Nation might come and take it, and fo
I keep it.
Saturday^ June i o. Rid ftill till Saturday feven
|aClock, at which time weighed^ the Wind S. IV.
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156 A Voyage for the Difcovery
■we took in a Pilot, and failed out through the
North End of Brace Sound, h iv'ing three Ta-
jchom Water over the Ih.illoweit Flace.
Simday^ June i t. At four in the Mornin^^ uvz,'/
'bore W, by N. about fix Leagues i a freiu Galj
at S, Wl hafcy Weather.
From four in the Morning till twelve at Kigj^t
Courfe N. N. E. diftance failed by ihc Log'^^
Miles : True Courfe allowed from the henrin ^
of the Land is N. E. 41 Miles, difference '::t L.iL
30 Miles, Lat. by Judemcnt 61 d> z6 ?>u Meri-
dian difhmce from Shc'k.jl :o Miles Evu'c.
From Yefterday Noon to this Day Nocn^ a
ftrong Gale n S. W. Well S, W. We.t and
W, iV. W. Courfe pr Conipals N, N. E, di-
ftance failed by the Log. 147 Miles, diiTcrcncc
of Lat. 135 Miles, departure haft 56 Mi:es, Lit.
by Judgment 63 d. 42 ?;?. Meridian diftance, E,
86 Milcfe j thick cloudy Weather, at Noon link
Wind.
Tuefday^ ^une i^. From Yefterday Noon to
this Day little Wind, and variable, with Calms
from the N. IV, to N.N.E, we ply to Wind-
ward. True Courfe protiadted, all Impedimenrs
allowed, i.s N, N, E. 23 Miles, difference of
Lat. 2 1 Miles North, departure Eaft 8 Miles,
Lat. by Judgment 64 d. 03 ?n. Meridian dillancc
<?4 Miles^ Lat. by a good Obfervation 64 d. 03 w.
Wednefday^ June 1 4. From the 1 3 th at Noon'
to this Day Noon the Winds variable, Vsni\\ hdli
Gales, Rains, and little Winds. Courfe p. ^>Ti->j
vcrfe between the7V.E. and the N, diftance fiiii
by the Log 9 2 Milcs^ true Courfe protrc.aed,
' linpcdH
mi^^
(?/ ^ North- Eufi Pajfage. 157
Inipcdimcnts allowed, is North 18 d, difference
ot Lat. 81 Miles, departure Eaft 3oMileSj Mc-
lidian dillance 124 Miles*
7}wfduy^ ^une 15. From the 14th at Noon
to this Day Noon the W inds variable,with Calms
from the W* to the S, Wl Courfe per Compars
A^. A^. E. diAanc<: faikd by the Log 67 Miles ;
true Courfe protradcd, with allowance, is iV.
^2 1-2 d. E. difference of Lat. 62 Miles, dc-
parturc Eaft 26 Miles, Lat. ^fr Judgment 66 d.
26;«. Meridian diftance 15.0 Miles Haft. At
Noon broke our Main Topfail - Yard, being,
rotten in the Slings; thick hafey Weather.
Fridity^ June 16. From the 15th at Noon tcr
this Day Noon, a frefli Gale atW.N.Wi and
W. S- IV • with Rains and thick Weather. Courfe
p Compafs N. N. E. and iV. £. by N. di-
ibnce failed per Log 126 Miles; true Courfe.
protracted, \s North -^c d. Eaft, difference of
Lit. 1 08 Miles, departure Eaft 63 Miles, Lat.
ft/- Judgment 6% d. i^pk Meridian diftrance
'223 Miles.
SutHrday^ jfwie 17. From the i6zh at Noon
to this Day Noon, a freihCale at W.N. W. and
W, with Rain and cloudy Weather. Courfe ^^r
Compafs N. E. diftance failed by the Log 1 27
Miles, diftcrcncc of Lat. 90 Miles, departure
Micjo Mii^s, Lat. per Judgment 69 d. 48 ;//.
iMciidiaii ciiftanrc 303 Miles, but by a good
Obfcrvaiion at Noon Lat. 69 a. 53 ;//. difference
or' Lac. between the Dead ^^eckoning and Ob-
icrviuon, is ^ Miles ; which imputed to a Wc-
iicily vanadon, wliich is found by an Azimut!i
7 d.
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7 d. Meridian diftance corret^cd, is 3 oo Miles-
fair Weather.
Sunday^ June 18. From the 17th at Noon to
this Day Noon, tlic Wind from W. N, IF, to
the IV/S.W. fair Weather. Courfe per Coni-
pafs N. E. by E. diftance failed by the Log 8?
Miles ; true Courfe protra(5ted, and Variation
allowed, isEaft33 J. North, difference of Lat.
47 Miles, by good Obfervation, departure 66
Miles, Lat. by a good Obfei-vation 70 ^. 30 ;//.
Meridian diftance 367 Miles Eaft# Yefterday
and this Day We faw many Whiiles.
Monday^ June 19. From the 18th at Noon to
this Day Noon, a frejh Gale at W. by S, thick
hafey Weather with Rains j at feven a Clock in
the Forenoon faw many Sea Fowls, more than
at any time yet, with many Jubarteffes -, at ten
a Clock fliw the Land, beLig the Iflands that lie
about 20 Leagues to the Weft ward of the North
Cape ; true Courfe allowed for Variation is K
N. E. diftance failed by the Log 135 Miles, dif-
ference of Lat. 50 Miles, departure Eaft 30
Miles, Lat. per Judgment ji d, 20 ?n. Meridian
diftance 497 Miles. At Noon the Ifland Sufiden
bore S. by £. about 8 or 9 Leagues off this
llland is a high craggy Land, with fome Snow'
on the Land.
Tucfday^ June 20. From the 19th at Noon to'
this Day Noon, Courfe per Compafs bcrtwee
the E. A/". E. and the N. E. diftance fliiled b
rhe Log 128 Miles, true Courfe allowed fo
the Variation, is North 43 d. Eaft diffcrenc
of Lat. 91 Miles, departure 88 Miles Eaft, Liti
perjud
Miles.
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19 Miles,
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hndd
Iff this'
Snovi'
)onto'
iedb^
:d to'
:reno
lat
cf a North-Eafi Pafage. 1 5 9
pgr ]\\dgmcnt y 2 rf, 51 ;//. Meridian diftaftce 585
Miles. From Yefterd.iy Noon to this Day Noon,
the firft 12 Hours a frefh Gale at S. W. but the
laft 1 2 Hours much Wind, with fmall Rains and
areat Fogs ; faw many Sea Fowls.
Wednesday ^Juve 21- From the 20th to the
2 1 ft at Noon, a ftiff Gale with Gufts, and fmall
Rains. Courfe per Compafs iV. £. diftance fail'd
m Log 3 5 Miles, true Courfe allowed by Va-
riation, is N> 40 d» Eaft difference of Lat. 103,
Miles, departure Eaft 86 Miles, Lat. ^^r Judg-
ment 74 J. 34 w. Meridian diftance 671 Miles;
thick cloudy Weather, f iw many Sea Fowls.
Thiirfday^ JiPie 22. From the 21ft to the 2 2d
at Noon, Courfe per Compafs N. E. diftance
failed per Log 1 1 6 Miles, true Courfe allowed
by Variation, and Leeward way^ is North 43 d,
Eaft difference of Lat. 85 Miles, departure Eaft
ig Miles, h:\t. per Judgment 75 d. 59 ;//- Me-
ridian diftance 750 Miles Eaft ^ the Wind at
]\[. ^ a freih Gale, Weather variable, ibme -
times cloudy, and fometimes fair, but very cold.
At Noon we faw Ice right a Head about ar
league oflr, we failed clofe to it, and found ic
to lie away E. S. E. and JK iV. IVi we bore
away E. S. E. along the Ice : In the Afternoon
^'chad fome fmall Snow, and very cold VV eathcr.
Friday^ June 2 3 . From Ycfterday Noon to
tliisDay Noonweftecred along the Icc\ finding
it to nave many Openings, which we lailcd in-^
to, but found them to be Bays ; our true Courfe
liilcd along the Ice, the Variation allowed, WJ5?
Eaft 14 d. Suutli 77 ?;/. Lat. jvr juJ.gnicnt 75 d.
I m.
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loo A Voyage for the Difcovcry
41 VI, difference of Lat. i p. ;//. departure 74 Mrlcs
Meridian diftance 824 Miles, Wind N. N. W, "
At Noon we founded, and had 158 Fathom
foft green Oar, and found the Current to let
S. S, £. we have found very fmooth to Leeward
of this Ice, and in fome Places found Pieces
of the Ice driving oiT a Mile, fomctimes more
or lefs from the main Body of the Ice, finding
it to be in feveral ftrange Shapes, refcmbiin^r.
Trees, Beafts, Fiihes, Fowls, &c. The main
Body of the Ice being low, but very cragj^y^
being many Pieces lying clofe together, and iomc
a top of each other , and in fome Places wc law
high Hillocks of blue Colour j but all the r. ft or
the Ice very white, as though it were Snow, m
fome Places we faw drift Wood amongft the Ice,
we took up fome of the Ice, and melted it, and
the Water very freih and good : This Day \('e
found very cold and freezing.
Saturday^ Jwie 24. From Yefterday Noon to
this Day Noon, litt'e Wind at N. by W^, ve
fleered clofe aloiig the Ice, failing into every
Opening, but could not find any Pailage throngh,
neither could we fee over the Ice in anyPlac!|
from our Topmaft-Head , true Courfe protract-
ed, as wc failed along the Ice, is Haft 3j.(/.
South difference of Lat. 24 Miles ^S". dcparturcj
Eaft 34 Miles, Lat. per Judgment 75 d. 18///.I
but by a good Obfervation at Noon, the L;:u
74 <i. 50 ;//. the difference between the DcaJI
Lat. and the obfcrvcd Lat. is 28 Miles, vjhich
difference hath been caufed by the Current fcr-|
ting S, S, E,
b-Horfes,
prBoat to{
pponthelce
(ouldnotkii
pe much ^
U fo Went
I;
^^ipp
of a North' Eiijl Pafa^^e: 1 6 I
At Noon we f-n^ndcd, and had 128 Fathom
W'.itcr, and t!ic Currcnr as Ycftv^day S, S. E,
Tliisl.iil: 24 Flours fair Wcuthcr^widi iiitl-v-Wjids,
luviiii^ fomc fmall Fogs, but Lift'.d not above half
ai Hour at a time. Mcridiim diflancc 858 Miles.
Sunday^ '^jnn: 25. From the 24Lh at Noon to
tliii D.iy Noon, Uttle Wind, with C ihus, and
the mc^ft part Foggy, ib that we durfl not V;:'nture
in the Ice, but lay by, and flood off ; true Courfe
protruded is Eaft 3 o d. South difference of Lat.
11 Miles, South departure Kaft 19 Miles, Lat.v
r.T Judgnicnt 74 d. 3 7 ?n. Meridian diftance 877
I Miles, "V^oil Wind varialfle from the iV. W, to
\kw:s.jv.
At One in the Afternoon the Fog broke up;
lurd freezing Weather, our Rigging and Sails
Ifro/.cn ; for as fafl. as the Fog fell it free/.ed.
Monday^ Jtme 26, From the 25 th at Neon to
this Day Noon, little Wind from the N. W. to
jV. Courfe per Compafs between die JVi S, li^,
md the N. E. diftance failed by the Log 65
\iilcs, difference of Lat. 7 Miles North, depar-
urc Eaft 58 Miles j true Courfe protracted is
:aft 7 d, N^orrh Lat. per Judgment is 74 d» 40 w.
Meridian diftance 935 Miles.
At Noon we ftood in clofe with the Ice, and
wlbmething to move, we judging it might be
b-Horf es, or Morf:s, lying on the Ice, we fent
JurBoat to fee, and they found two Sea-Horfes
ponthe Ice ; thi?y fired leveral Shot at them, bur
Id not kill them : Notwithftanding that they
rerc; much wounded, they got into the Water^
|nd lb Went under the Ice. We have found the
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161 A Voyage for the Vifcoz'ery
Ice to lie awayEaft, ihcfc 24 Hours the Wind
at North, and very cold, and at 12 at Night ^^^
Fathom green Oari at nine in the Evening {.vj;
Land, the North I\irt of it bearing ii. and iIk
South Part S, £. being high, and covered with
Snow, about 15 Leaguc-s ofl-. Sounded, anj
had 1 2 5 Fathom.
T^tiefclay^ ^une 27. From Monda) 26 to Ti'/.
27, little Wind from the A''. JV, to the A'', by £.
v/iih Calms i we kept ciofe with the Ice, 'and
found it joyn to the Land of Ncrca Zembk;
true Courfe protrad:cd is E. by A^. 3 Mik-.s
dillerence of Lat. 16 Miles, departure £. 29
Miles, Lat. ]):r Judgment 74^. 46 ;;/. Meridian
diftance 964 Miles, at Noon 83 Fathom Water,
about 6 Leagues from the Shores we row.d in
towards the Shore, and found the Ice to lie aboit
5 Leagues from the Shore ; we went out of our
Boat on the Ice, and killed a young Sca-HorfeJ
or Mors, and law many more, but could notl
kill them with Muskets, notwithftanding vj
fir:d 7 Muskets into one of them, neither coul
we come to lame them ^ for they get into thej
Sea before you can come to them ; they kccp^
ing Watch, and are very fliy, always lying on tliJ
brink of the Ice, ready to take the Sea. Wa
founded, and had 8 b Fathom Water green Oarl
at which time we faw the Ground plain,beingvcrJ
fmooth Water. Meridian didance from the Shil
to the Land 1 5 Miles, which maketh Meridiandil
ftance from the Land to this Place 980 Miiej
IVcdficjday, ^:ine 28. F.cm the 27th at Noo
ro this Day Is'oon, very httlc Wind, but ihe niol
R.1
iianQi
Koo]
ic mol
of a North'Eafi Fajfao^e. 1 6 ^
p^ut calm from the N. to the IV, true Couric
prorradcci W, N. JV. lo Miles, I. at. po' ]ud£'
nicnt 74^/. 46 w. Meridian tliflancepyo Miijs.
In the Atterno'^n ftood in cloi'e with the Ice, and
f„iind it to )oyn to the main Land i at Ni-ht
Itood off from the Ice.
Ihtirfditv^ Jjfjie ?>^. From the 28th at Noon
[0 this Day Noon, little Wind, with Rains ; we
i]o(xl away from the Ice to fee ; true Courfe al-
lo^7cd is South 27^. Weft 20 Miles, diiference
of Lat. 1 6 Miles, departure 8 Miles, Lat. per
[iidgment 74 d, 40 ?/i. Meridian diftance 964
I'M'lcs. At Noon tlic Wind at Weft, and JJ\ and
W'S. a fine Gale, but very foggy Weather ^ wc
ftmci away South to get from the Ice, we being
iiixiycd in it. At 1 1 at Nii^,ht the Profperons Pink
lircd a Gun, and bore down upon us, cry in*: out,
llcj on the Weather-Bow, with that we ciap'd
Ithc Helm hard a Weather, veered out the Main-
mz'S to ware the Ship^ but before the Ship
Icould ware, and bring to upon the other Tack,
".cftruck on a Ledge of Rocks which lay funk.
From T 2 at Noon to 1 1 a Night thick foggy
kVcathcr, the Wind from the TV". W» to the /r .
k^. Courfe/)i'rCompafs between the 6". W. and
jic S. by IV, clofe haul'd j but at Night the Fro^-
fym Pink faw the Sea break on the Weather -
ow, bearing down upon us, cryed out it was
lie Ice i with that we prefently bore up round
) bring to upon the other Tack, but our Ship
ot wearing round, run on a Ledge of Rocks,
i re (hick taft ; but Captain Flawed Ship got
pr, wearing more rounder j we fired fcveral
M 2 Guns^
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ifi^. A Voyage for the VifcoTery
Guns, to give Captain Flawe.f notice oi' our Di-
ftrcfs ; wc ufcd all means polTible to get her ot^^
by carrying out a Haifer and Anchor, and ft.ivina
ot Water and Beer, and throwing Provilion over-
bo.trd, but could not get the Ship orf, for the
Water did Hbb, and the Ship Hied above 3 Foot ;
Vau when the Ilood came, it brought a great Sa
wi^h it, and the Ship beat very hard ; we ulld
all means to heave lier off, but could not, and
the Sliip making Water more than we could
pump ; with that we cut our Mafts by the Board,
and fent our Yaul unto the Shore to difcovcr
fonie Place to Land, at whofe Return aboard,
brought word that there was lariding; with that
-we got up Bread out of the Bread-Room, and
brought it up into the great Cabbin ; and the
Carpenter made ready to favc fome Tools, and
NeceiTaries to rebuild our Long-Boat to lave our
Lives, if fo necefifitated, that Captain Fluzvu
ihould not return to us. So about 1 2 at Noon
we got all our Men afnore, except two which
V .re droVN^ned in the Pinnace, by a Sea whicli
broke into her, juft as ihe put off from the Shipj
Side; having Bread, Powder, and Provinonsiii
her, and all loft with the Pinnace. Alfo, to
ov.r great Grief, having nothing but the Loni.-
Fxxit, to truftin, to lave our Lives, which coiilii|
not carry above 30 Men of 70. Wc uied ;i'i
means to fave Bread, but the Ship filling up to t!i;
upper Deck, we were forced to leave her, havinJ
Ltved but two Bags of Bread, with fome Picccsl
of Pork, and a little Checfe; this bein^T ^illcnl
Shore, v/c carried our Provifions^ andouicrKi
ceilarid
cc/Tiri
oF the
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\^'c fup
with tl:
keep u
lions di
\rhiLh
up a T
from wi
Cold, 1
no Firir
were, t)i
Frida
Yith a o
much \V
Spars an
of which
Weather
l)wing v/e
as the I'o
Satiirdi
Gak', th<
much Wi
wccn dea
Trouble^
and the \
two Cask
rf Beer, ;
great kinc
1 1^- flour
I <-ak'js on
S'inday^
OX)) i VV
lo, to I
) to tlv;
w I
: Piccisl
all en
liicr r
Ni
cf a North-Ea^'fiifage. 1 C 5
cclfarics, upon a Hill, where came to vifit us one
of the N.itivcs, which was a prodigious great
\rhitc Bear, wiiich one oF our Men f]iv)t ar,antlas
wc fuppofed hither, which made her run awa\^ ;
\rith that we made all haPie to build us a Tenito
keep us from the Cold, and to keep our Provi-
lious dry, having {.\\C(\ Canvas for the pui pole,
which we laid over Oars and Srars, and threw
up a Trench of Earth round us, to prefv-rve vs
from wild Feails ; but all this time endured mueh
Cold, moll of our Men beins; wet, and having
no Firing ; thcrelore all our Hopes and Prayers
were, that God would fend us the Ship aihore.
Friday^ June 3 o. A frefli Gale, and very fog^.y,
vith a great Sea ; our Ship began to fplit, and
much Wreck came ailiore ,• fo that we got Oars,
Spars and Deals, to build us Tents, and Firing,
of which Vv'e laved as much as we could ; but the
Weather proved very foggy to our great Grief,
l)dng we could not expert Capt. Flazvey as long
as the Fog continued. The Wind at JV. N. W,
Saturday, July i. The Wind at N. JV, afrelh
Gale, the Ship brake in pieCwS; fo that we had
much Wreck came alhorc, and Provif ons, which
vc endeavoured to five with much Pains and
Trouble, the Sea breaking n-^uch on the Shore,
and the Weather very cold and foggy. We L\\'^6.
two Casks of Flour, fomc Brandy, and a Ikitt
of Beer, and a Cask of Oilj the Flour did i.s
iircatkindnefstofive our Bread, for we nud- of
the Flour, Pancakes, and Puddin:^, and baked
lak'json Ston;:s, to our grea: 11 ;freihinent.
S'lnday, Ji^y 2. The Wind iit ^Ve(l•, md very
|l(iggyi we faved more Flour, Butter, and a
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166 A Voyage for the Vifcovery
few pieces of Beef and Pork, the Cask l»citr
flavcd. The Gunner, as he wjs faving of Provi".
fion, there came a great white Jicar to hmi^
which he lliot at, ana frlfd her down, hut Hvj
rofe again and at him ; with that there cinvj
more Men, and fired at her i flie was a very ^rcu
one, and very fat, and the rieili very good, and
luok'd delicate, and eat well.
Sninrduy, ^fnly 8. The Wind at IF, JSI. IF. .1
Vv.ry great 1 og, and all our M':n in great D.-
fnaii- of feein.^ Cayvcain Flawcn we beuinninc
I ^ Ox , . . c t
to C'-^iHlder our mou milerabie Condition^ .mj
coinnvin'^ liow to fave our Lives, tl:e Lc.n.,-
4.'- ' w
heat not being able to carry above 30 M/ii, and
a D^'ck built on her, andherWafi railed; vitli
that we concluded tolengdien her 12 Foot, ::iiJ
to cany all our Men; but upon confiderativnot
w n:ing Materials, and the Carpenters l-ad Al-
iii'la-Kv?, the Men would not agree to have her
cut aiunder, f'v fearilie could not be length .n-
cd^but were willing to travel by Lund towards ihc|
Waygates, in hopes to ivnd fome Rnjjla Lod?j:i
Vs'ith that we began to raife her Wait", and builc
a Djck, the W ..iher coniinuing very ibgs;jyti!i
S.iturday Morning, at which tmie we elpyc^
Captain Flaivcs^ 10 our great Joy ; wirh dnit v:i
made prefently a great Fire, and lent onr Yaul
to meet him, who immediately faw our Tire, andl
fleered into us, and fent his Boat to help to brin^
off our Men; with that we broke up our m
Work, which was done to our Long-boat, r,n(l
lanch.ed Ijer ; and about Noon aot all on Ijod
Captain rlawc^^ in good HcviUh.
^
*T'-v;.'J
i67
journal on Board the Profj^crous, Captain
William Flawcs Commandtr^ from Nova
Zemblu to England. 1 676.
U^iday, ^idy 9. From the 8t1i 12 at Niglit to
V this 9th I 2 at Noon, the Winds variable,
^^ with I'ogs and fnull Rain ; we ftand oif to
the Wcftward ; true Courfe protracted, with al-
lo'oncc for Variation, is Weft 8 r/. Soiuh, ditfe-
anccoF Lat. 8 Miles, departure 67 Miles, Lat.
pT Judgment 73 ^. 427;/. Meridian diftancc,
mwl^omi Statcn^ being the Weftennoft Land
4 of No-~oa Zembla^ and the Lift Land we
Liw, 67 Miles; very cold Weather.
Monday^ July 10. From the 9th at Noon to
this Day Noon, the Winds variable from the
i W, by IV, to the W, and lb to the N. and
A/. N, E. with ihiall Rain, great Fogs, and very
I cold Weather ; true Courfe protra^ited is Weft
K] Miles, Variation allowed 12 d. Weft; Me-
ridian diftance 102 Miles ; a great Sea from the
I Weft ward.
Tuefday^ July 11. From the lotii at Noon to
[this Day Noon, the Winds variable from the N,
IjV. E. CO the N. W, Courf- fcr Coinpifs IV, by
'i. diftance failed by the Log 102 Miles; true
Cmrfe allowed for Variation, is Weft 68 3-4
^rnili; diftance of Lat. 34 Miles, departure 96
^lilcSj Lat. per Judgment 7.3 d, 06 ///. Meridian
M 4 diftance
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ifS A Vo\j?c for the T)lfi'07'cry
k\\ihncc T9S Miles; thick doiulyWcMt'iciind
VC!\' i"<^
Id.
UU\i^uUli\^ y-ff\' 12. rr»v,n tlu' I ii'i at N'
to this Pay N«M>n Jiitlc Wiiul aini v -i ia!>i^' w
Ca\
nvs.
ini.ill 1
\anv>. aiu
bv tiic l-o
!^ 7 ~!
Ml
vs.
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.>;is
dill
IIK
M'c'cn tlic \V. l>v
.tiul ihc W. hy S. inic C A)inio allowed, \rii'i.i![
liupi\lniK'n:s, is Well, .u Nooti I, at. l>y() M).
vauon 7
/ >
./
;;/. V\
liidi
\ IS ^1 MiUn :.u)rc .vm.
ihc'ily than v .p^ctwi; tiu- N'aiiaiion, 1 ''i
!>pol''
:nK' iu>!n tlu' l.ar. wc dcpaitcd iVotn oti .v'' -v
Mcvu\
lau
dtll
aiK"
convv'tcd i'' 12 2
Miles Weil , ar Nv)oii calm and lair Wejihji.
7 lyn-'iliy^ /f:ily \ ;. ^'l^>null ; i 2'h at Noon m
this n.iv Noon, the Wind wiri.iMe ir tni rhv- \V.
to ihe S. S. W. a 'Velh Ciale ; we ply lo ih ■ V
i<Me!iaul\i. ^ AHirl " j\'jy Co;np;il's Inr
\ 1,1-
\N .1,
t!l
S. W. and the \V. N. \V. ti
lU
veai
]uoj, iwted, all Inipediiuenrs allowed, is \\.h\
N. 1 -• N. p9 Milc^ diiV\'r. iKcorL.u. 17 i\hlc<,
depi:>ure 5^; Miies; Lar. I' Judj,nu'nt y;,/.
s I ;/;. Meridi:in d'ilauce 279 Miles: CioIdcKiikiy
"Weather, with fnull Rains.
Fridiy, ^W.) 14. Iroiu the i;th at Kooii to
this Day Noon, the AVinds yariahlc iVom ilic
S. .S.
W, to \Vx W\N. W. a iVelli Cale, aiul
fonictiiues little Wind ; we ply to the Wellward,
lometinics on one Taek, 'A\\<\ I'onKtinies on ilu'
other i true Cotirfe protracted, all Impedinicnrs
allowed, IS W. S. W'. 1-2 S. dillVrence ol' I.ut.
9 Miles South, departure W^ 20 Miles. J at. f
Miics,
ua,:inent
-7 ->
d. 3 5//'/. Meridian diliance 2j.:9 B;<11)
i\at:i)ii\\
of a North- Eafi P^iffl'^^c, 1 69
SjfiriLn, .7,7/y IS- i TOMithc 14th arNooiim
t;,,sl),iy iMoon, ilic Wnrls iVclli, with Cndslioni
i!kN. '.V. ro ilie \V. wc ply to the Wdlv/inl^
|,m;, tim s to I hi' Soiilliw.irti , ilifLiiur I lilrd hy
ilu 1 Oil '.) Miles ; tme ( "oiirfe protjVif'ted isS. W.
;; /, ,|) v. ilillvr-iue o I ,at. 52 Miles^ dej>,ii line
\\ (I ; [ Miles, I..it. /', > J»Kl!.;in: lit y^,(L .|^ /,•/.
MndiMi dill. line ];; Mil's; cold.nul ( londy.
A'',"/,'/i'V, ^f/i'y 1 > '. I'Voni the 151!! at N^M)n to
t'ls Diy Noon, the Wind .it \V. S. \V. .iiid W.
IvS. 1 ir''h (j.il'- ; hiit iVoin S -U Ni-hi till ,S in
;';• Moiiiin-.; "uieh Wmd, v/»' liy.itiy nndei a
Mi'i'-i,:!i ; ii-i[/ V ouiie pvotr.u'ted I.e. v/.ii-d v/ay^
ap.!\'.ii.t'.,n yU)\'- d, isM. hy W. 1-4 W. ji
M;l,s; (h'.'rri. e <'!' I. .it. ., -> Miles, d •p.i.rlui'C
V !' . Mil.-s, l,;t. per )ude,nient 7 ; r/. ]] in.
MciidiJn dil'ajue 340 Miles; Ram, wi'.h vejy
tiiidN \\ e.u!) •!•.
Mnithn ^ J/d)' 17. Tr'-en the r^^tli ar Mo')?! to
till. Day inou^ htile ^Vind from the \V . by M.
toilic W. With Kains, l'o;s, and (;ihii,; v;e
['Iv to tJK' Weflveard (Jofc upon a Wiiid; true
Coii;!": potiaCted, all Impediments all v/ d, is
^V.hyS. 3-4 W. didjn.c-ofj.ar. 3 Mi! ■■., tir.
pimire 2 ^ iVii es, Laf. p.r Judgment 7^ r/. i o ;//.
Meridian diflanee 7,6u Miie-N; ac 1 i iti the r(;rc^
noon the Wiiul eamc up at S. S. H. and lo^ij^y.
Tiu'fdtiy^ '[jnJj t8. l'ro!ii the 17th at Noon to
li^ Dav Noon, tiie Winds from the South to
I W. S. W. V7e ply to the Wcdwaid clofj
i.'iii"d, berv/een t!ie W. and V\. W. diilancc fail-
.'<! by the Loij -jc, Mi!cs ; tiue Courfe jifotradted
W. by N. 1-4 N. 1^0 Miles-, difhnce of Lat.
lb Mdes,
if
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170 A Voyage for the Difcovery
18 Miles, departure 77 M'lcs, lat. per Jiulo.
mcnt 73 <^. 28?//. Meridian dilhnc: 437 Miks.
thick foggy Weather.
Wednefday^ July 19. Troni the iSthatXor;]
to this Day Noon, the Wind at S. W. and S. S.
W. \rith very thick Fogs. Coiirfe per Coir.nii
W. N. W. and W. clofe haul'd i diftancc {ailed
l)Y the Log 74 Miles, true CotTtfe, Variatic;!
ci-id Leeward-way allowed, is W. N. W. i-:>v,
70 M ilcs, difference of Lat. 3 1 Miles, dep.irrur'
60 Miles, Lat. pjr Judgment 74^. Meridian di-
flance ^1.9 7 Miles, at Niglit much A\'ind^ v"j
hand our Top-fuls.
Thnrfday^ July 20. From the 19th at Noon lo
this D.iy Noon, for the moft part mi.ch Winds
at ^"\^ S. Vv^ and S. W. with great Fogs ; w- plv
clofe upon a Wind N. W.'^by W. "and Wcfi'-
nordi-weft ; diftance failed by the Log 6^^ Miles,
true Courfe, Variation and Lee-way alh)V7jcl,
isNordi-north-wcft 3-4 Weft, diftance (^f Lar--
tude 55 Miles, departure 33 Miles, Latitude
fer Judp^ment 74 d, 55 ///. Meridian diilmc:
530 Miles.
Friday^ '/J-idy 20. From die 2otli at Noon to
this Day Noon, the Wind from die Sourh-TJlj
to the Weft. Comic per Compafs South by Wd!
upon one Tack, and Wcft-north-weft on th
iher, clofe hauFdi diftance failed by the Log 61
Miles ; true Coiirfe protraded, all ImpedimcntJi
allowed, is South by Weft 3 -4 Weft 48 MiLi
diftance of Lat. 45 Miles, departure 16 Miks
Lat. pi?r Judgment 74 ^. 12 ;//. very diiek, h*l:^y
and cold, till about Noon it cleared up.
Sati'Yild
i-i
of a North'-Eajl Taffa^e. 1 7 1
Silt itr day ^ July 11. From the 21ft at Noon to
th s day 4 in the Morning, the AVind at S. W,
[ly W. and ,9. W. with thick Fogs. Courfe W,
In iV. and N. N. W. 46 Miles, at which time it
VuS very foggy Weather; we faw many Wil-
locks and other Sca-Fowles more dian uAia],
v:hich made us think we were near the Land of
i;l:m'}-lihud ; we cift the Lead, and had 60 La-
tiioiu, a rough Sand j with tint, we tack'd and
f.ood off S. S- E. and S. E. by £. 9 Miles, till
Noon, at v/hich time we ibnndcd, and had 78
Ldiom i Lat. at 4 in the Morning, by Judgment
-^ d. 16 in. Meridian DiiKmce 589' Miles, at
viiicb time I was,by my Reckoning, 1 3 Leagues
Wdi: from C/'^r/j-Ifland, according to the Me-
ridian Dilhince I made from the Cape to No-va
Zi.n'jla^ and from Nouci ZcmhJa back here^
Lit. at Noon, by Judgment, 74^. 20 ///. Meri-
dian Diftance 582 Miles.
Sunday^ July 23. From the 2 2d at Noon to
I this day Noon, the Winds variable, with great
FoL^s, from thei". i". £. to the W.N.JJ^^ Coarfe
pr Compals between the^S". IV. and W. Diftance
i.ii'd by die Log 91 Miles j true Courfe protra-
cted is S. W. by i". 87 Miles Diiference of Lar.
h5 Miles,' Departure 43 Miies, Lat. /^f> Judg-
ment 73 J. 08. 7/7. Meridian Diflance 625 Miies i
|.\t Noon, no Ground with 160 Fadioxu Lines.
Monday^ July 24. From the 23d at Noon to
Itiiis day >soon, little Winds and variable, with
ICalnis ; true Courfe allow'd, is S. S, IF. 3 -4 W,
p .Nhles, Diibncc of Lat. 10 Miles, Departure
II Miles,
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II Miles, Lat. f^r Judgment 7 2. d, 50 ;/;. Men-
dian Dilbnce 5g 6 Miles.
Tuefday^ July 25. From the 24th at Noon to
this day Noon, tlie AVind variable^ with i;c.'li
Gales from A^. by W, to E. with Fogs. Coiui;
between the W. S. W. and S, W. ; Diihincc faiJV]
by the Log 88 Miles; true Courle allow'd /'or
9 d. Variation is S.W, \-i Weftcrly, DiRancj
of Lat. 54 Miles, Departure 69 Miles, Lat.j:o
Judgment 71 ^/. 56 ;/z. Meridian DiitanCs: 7c^
MiL-s.
Wednefday^ July 26. From the 25th at Kooi
to this day Noon, the Wind variable fiom t!i^
E. by N. to the S, with th'ck Fogs. Di.lance
lail'd by the Log 73 Miles ; Courle /'i?;' Compaq
between the S. IV. by W. and JV. N. IF: True
Courfc protraded is U^. 1-2 .9. diflancc of L:t.
7 Miles, Departure 67 Miles.
Tb.'irfday^ Jul) 27. From the 26th at Kooii
to this day Noon, the Winds from the S. tol
the S. W. with great Fogs. Didance fiil\i byj
the Log 68 Miles -, true Couric allow'd W, i-':
S. Dilverence of Lat. 7 Miles, Departure 6:
Miles W, I
Friday^ July 28. From the 27th at Noon to
this day Noon, the Wind froin the S, S, W. tol
the S. E, Courfe per Compafs betV\^ecn i\v: /f
by A^. and the .9. JV, clofe upon a Wind 5 Di-
{i:mc<^ fail'd by the Log 8 5 Miles ; true Com k
protraded isS. W. by the JV 1-480 Miles, D.-
ftance of Lat. 46 Miles S. Departure 64 iMiici
W» Thick Fogs with fmall Rain.
\ if iiy • '"
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ill^. W
TruL' Coi
Sunday
this day .
thc^. anc
rich m\v
Morning ,
trJCtcd, a
Miles, Di
Miles.
Monday
tills de.y >
Courle pet
Ibnce (liW
allow'd fo
]l r-2 U
p;irture 1 1
i; ///. but
nirc accor
ance g\
Tuefdu'.
this day N
/^^tothe6
So MiJes,
'protracted,
Mance U
b^arture
'Kicli iojne
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lane:
.t. fa
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Nool '
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)f L:t.|
; "Nooni
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iVd k
Lire 6:
loon to|
w,
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of a North- Eufi Pajfage, 17:^
Sdtiiyddj^ ^july 29. From thc'zSth at Noon to
t'lis h) Noon, much Wind from the S, to the
jJ//[ Wc tried under a Main-Sail three Watches.
True Couric allowed is ^ 1 5 Miles.
kndd^t J^^h 30* From the 29th at Noon to
this il\Y ^^^^^5 ^^'^^ Wind variable from S. E. to
[\^cS. and fo to the N, JV. with fudden Guils^
^ith much R-iin, then little Wind j ^at 8 this
Morning much Wind at iV. JVi true Courfe pro-.
tractcd, all Impediments allow'd, is S. S, W,66
Miles, Diftance of Lat. 60 Miles, Departure 25
Miles.
Monday^ jtdj 3 1 . From the 3 oth at Noon to
tliis il\y Noon, much Wind at N. W. with Rain.
Couril' fer Compafs S, W. by .9. and S, W- Di-
ibnce fail'd by the Log 104 Miles j true Courfe
allowed for Lecward-way and Variation S, by
f. 1-2 J^. Diiterence of Lat. 103 Miles, De-
parture 1 1 Miles ; Lat. fer dead Reckoning 68 d.
\] in. but by Obfervation 68 d, 00 ?//. Depar-
Irurc accordingly correded 1 5 Miles -, Meridian
iDilbnce 953 Miles.
Tuefdii-'^ Align fl i. From the 3 i ft at Noon to
Ithis day Noon, the Wind variable from the iV.
I^^to the S.JV.hyW. Diftance fail'd by the Log
80 Miles, we ply to Windward i true Courle
Iprotraded, Variation and Leeward-way alio w'd,
[D:ilance IV. S, JV, Difference of Lat. 72 Miles,
IDcparture 5 1 Miles j thick cloudy Weather,
'S, l^mich ibme imall Rains and Foj^s.
Mil
\m:-
V/cdfieulv!^ A:ig, 2. From the ift at Noon to
ib day Noon^ from the S. by W^ to the S. //-C
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thick Fogs. Conrfc fir Compafs between tjic
JV. by S. and the f'^ AT". IV. Dillance \\u\\\ C
the Log 51 Miles; trueCourfe allow'd isjf^. l-,y
N* Difference oF Lat. 1 2 Miles, Departure 49
Miles, Lat. /)^r Judgment 6j d, 50 7;/. buthva
good Obiervation Lat. 67 ^.55 ///.at Noon cl'tar
Weather.
Thiirfday^ Aug. ^. From the 2d at Noon to
this day Noon, the Wind from the JV. to the
S, S. JV. with Fogs and Rain. Courfe per Tr;i-
verle, we ply to the Windward ; true Courfe
protraded, is S.S.JV. DiftanceoF Lat. 21 Miles
Departure 10 Miles. At Night, much Wind at!
S* we lay under a main Sail.
Friday^ Aug. 4. From 8 at Night to this day-
Noon, a Storm of Wind at S. and S' S. JV true
Courfe Drift, and all Impediments allow'd, isi
N. JV. by N. 1-4 W. Difference of Lat. 18
Miles, Departure 1 6 Miles. At Noon, lefs Wind,
we fet our Fore Sail. 1
Saturday^ Aug. 5 . From the 4th at Noon to j
this day Noon, the Wind from the W. by S. to I
the iV. W. a very cold Storm j true Courfe al-
lowed is .9. by E. Diffa-cncc of Lat. 75 Miles,
Departure 15 Miles. In the Afternoon little |
Wind.
Smiday^ Aug. 6. From the 5 th at Noon roi
this d;iy Noon, frelh Gales, and little Wind froiTi
the W. A^. W. to the W. S. W. true CouiF: a:-
Icw'd S. 2-4 E. Diilance of Lat. 67 Milcs^ De-
parture 8 Miles.
Mo.u's]
. I
of a North- Eafl P^'ifage. 175
]io}idiVi^ Aug, 7. Y'xom the 6th at Noon to
piMliy Noon, the Wind at .9. and S, W. fomc-
[ IK'S much Wind, and then cahn again; true
toiiiil' oWowWper Judgment, is W. iV. W. 1-4
V,^-^ Miles i Di(ference oFLat. 22 Miles, De-
r-r:urc W. 47 Miles ; at Nocn the Wind came
j':out to the W. N. W. much Wind, and at 8 it
yiCwaStorm at A/.W.
"tnclday Aug, S. From ycftcrday at Night to
tl^biiy Noon, a Storm of Wind at iV. W. we
run away with our Fore-Sail Reefr. Courie
ffi Compafs S, S. W. Diftancc lail'd by the Log
!!6 Miles ; true Courie allow'd is S, Diftance of
U107 Miles, Departure W. 5 Miles.
ifcdncfday^ Aug, 9. At 3 in the Morning a
A Gale, faw many Wiliocks and other Sea-
Fowls, and at 5 faw the Land E. S,E. from us,
being high Land, and making like Iflands, be-
in^the liles of Fcro, At Noon, Lat. by a good
Ohllrvation6i d, 45 lit, at which time the We-
Iftjmoft llland bore £. about 8 Leagues off.
Dilbnce iaif d from Yefterday Noon to this
day Noon 1 2 o Miles; true Courfe allow'd S, by
W.T-4 Weflerly, Diftance of Lat. 116 Miles,
Departure 26 Miles; Latitude per Judgment
62 L 4 m. D'i^i.xncQ between the dead Latitude
and the obferved Lat. 2 o Miles ; fo that the
J)iiip is 1 o Miles more Southerly, and confcqucn-
!y more \\'efl:erly ; Meridian Diftance 112:7
Miles, but by CorrctSlion 1136 Miles; We faw
iiraii Veil el, and gave cliafe to her, but llie
|!.uu: irom us,
Ihirjday^
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Tlmrfday^ Aug, lo. From the 9th at Nooiu,,
this day Noon, a ircik Gale at North-\e^f|^
Courfc between the South and Eaft-(()iith--.:a(i
to get clear ot* the lilands in the Night; Dj,
fiance failed by the Log 102 Mihrsi true Couii;-
protraded is South-eaft by Eaft 1-4 South^ Dj,
ftancc of Lat. 58 Miles, Departure 76 Miks;
Spoke "with the Ship we faw ycilcrday, kina^i
L}'«-man come from the Ifland.
Friday^ Anguft 1 1 . From the i oth at Noon
to this day Noon, the Wind at North-iv rth-
weft. Courfe^cT Compafs South-eaft ly Ea(t;
Diftancc fail'd by the Log 83 Miles: At Noon'
the Ifland Foule bore North-eaft by Eaft about
Three Leagues ofr : The Wind came about at
South.
Saturday^ Aiigufl ii. From the nth at Noon
to this Day Noon, the Wind variable, v/iti
great Gufts and Rain : At Noon, the Ochit]
Iflands bore Weft about 4 Leagues -, the Ochu
Ifles are low, fuch as we faw at the Hime tim
we faw Fair Ifle, bring high Land, and abcij
6 Leagues oft' : Wc found the Tide of Floo
to fct in very ftrong between the Ochic) ani
Fair Ifles.
At 3 at Night came a fudden ftrong Gu
and put us under a main Sail Reeft, at wh c
time Catnofe bore by Judgment about eiglii
Leagues off, Weft by South ; we try'd av:
South-eaft, the Wind at W^cft-South-v/cft,
great Storm.
Stmda
Clock to
5rorni of
iM-nor
Sn\ Reeft
' 6outli-eaf
]^ d, 16
Mi fav
iKiglit Jefs
Monday
\w this da^
Compafs S
\]6 d. ^S m
Tuejday^
Ito this day
lnofth-weft.
f^Jiice faird
^r; at K
iJiles und(
W; at 6
i)out two
'mh Caftlc
South.
^^dnefda)
uth to th(
^ath Caftle
'"^p^y to th(
T^hurfday^
fliis" day
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of a North'Eaft Pafage: 1 77
Sunday^ Angiiji 13. From laft Night eight a
Clock to chis day four in the Afternoon, a great
Storm o^ Wind from the Weft by South to the
Wcft-north-weft ; we tryed away under a main
Sail Reefr, making \\vx way good by Judgment
South -eaft 37 Miles, Latitude per Judgment
58 i 16 in^ Departure h'om Catnofe /^j Miles
l£ -y faw many Pitterals about the Ship : At
Mght lefs Wind.
Monday^ Aiiguft 14. From the 13 that Noon
to this day Noon, a frelli Gale. Courfe ^o*
Compafs South j Lat. by a good Obfervation
56 rf. 3 8 m, fair Weather.
Tuefday^ Auguft 1 5 From the i'4th at Noon
to this day Noon^ little Wind from the Weft-
north-wefh Courfe fer Compafs South ; Di-
ance fail'd by the Log 53 Miles; fair Wea-
kr ; at Noon the Wind came at South ; we
cod in for the Land, fpake with two fifhing
uiTes under EngUjJo Colours, but they were
why at 6 at Night we got in with the Land,
bout two Leagues to the Northward of T/'«-
mth Caftlc -, we tack'd and ftood off, the Wind
South.
Wednefday^ Auguft t6. The Wind from the
uth to the South -fouth-eaft. At Noon T/>/-
^iith Caftle South-weft about 2 Leagues off ,•
eply to the Southward.
Tkirfday^ Auguft 17. From the i6th at Noon
I this day Noon, the Wind at Wcft-fouth-
eft. At Noon much Wind, we reeft our
ourfcs, and ftand along the Shore to the Souths
N ward i
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178 A Voyage for the 'Difcovery
v/ard ; at 2 a Clock Flamborough Head Weft a-
bout 2 Miles.
friday^ Aug. zS, The Wind at Weft-fouth,
■weft. At Noon we anchorM a League to the
Northward of Cromer^ the Tide being fpcnt.
Saturday^ Augiift 19. At 6 in the Momin"
weigh'd with the Tide, and turn d up Yarimul\
Roads, anchored right againfl the Town j at 8 at
Night weigh'd and turned up above the Pier and
anchored, the Tide being ipent,* the Wind at I
South -weft.
Sunday^ Augufl 20. At eight in the Mornind
weigh'd with the Tide of Hood, and turn'd to|
\V indward j at 4 in the Afternoon anchor'd ^vitil
the Tide of Ebb in Southwole-^o,y in 8 Fathoni|
Water, th^ Church bearing North-north-weft |
Winds frjom die South-fouth-weft to the SoutliJ
fouth-Ciift, a frefh Gale.
Monday^ Auguft 21. At 8 at Night weigli'J
with the Tide of Flood, and turn'd up into ij
borough Road, and anchor'd there : At Four tlij
next Morning Lieutenant Whitlock went alhorl
at Alboroiigh to take Horfe for London,
At 9 in the Morning weigh'd with the Tid
of Flood, the Wind at Weft-fouth-wcft, a frcl|
Gale, and turn'd up into the Sleeway, and an
chor'd there, about 5 in the Evening in 9 f:j
thorn Water, the Naze Land bearing Weft
North.
Tuefday^ Auguft 22. At 10 a Clock wcigh'j
the Wind at W eft-fouth-weft, and tiund
Windward with the Flood.
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of a North-Eafi Pajfa^e. 179
At 5 in the Morning anchored upon the Tide
of Ebb, two Miles below the middle Ground.
At Noon weighed with the Flood, and turned
to Windward, the Wind at Well by South, at
6 anchored below the Shore.
Ifednefday^ Augufl 23. The Wind at Weft-
North-weft ; at 4 in the Morning wcigh'd An-
chor, and turned up a Mile above the Buoy of
the mre^ and anchored upon the Ebb about 8
a Clock.
At one a Clock weighed Anchor, the Wind ac
Wcft-^north^weft, wg turned up the River.
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Novr^ after the Journal, I do intend to
Jloew my Conceptions of the faid Voja^e^
an I a true Relation of our Mifcarria'^r^
with fome Ohfervations made in the Jaij
Voyage.
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THE firO: was the follot^i'ing the OpiniJ
on of William Barrdm^ <-hat was to
ftecr dircdly North-E from the
North Cape, and to fall in the Mid-
way betwixt Greenland and Ncj^a Zembla j lo
having made the Land to the Weftward of thcl
North-Cape, the ic?di day of Jiine^ I ftecr'dl
away North-eaft by Compafs, which was not lol
much by the true Coufc, becaufe of the VaruitiJ
on that is there Wefterly,- and the 2 2d dayiitl
Noon we faw the main Body of Ice, being iiil
the Lat, of 76 ^. and about 60 Leagues to tliel
Eaftward of Greenland, At the firft feeing or
Ice, I did imagine it had been the Ice that joind
to Greenland^ and that if I went more Eaftcrij
there might be a free Sea, fo I ran clofe by tli|
Ice, it lying away Eaft-fouth-eaft, and WcHJ
north-weft, and every League^ or lefs, that vj
n\
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c
!a ; lol
of thcl
not lol
ciriati'i
.iay atl
icing ill
; to M
:in§ ol
t join
Eaftcrb
: by tlii
d Weft-
that v(
of a Norths Efi^'Pafagel 1 8 r
fan, we met with a Cape oF Ice ; fo when we
were about that, we could fee no Ice to the
Northward, fo (landing in North-eall, ronietinies
two Glalfes, that is one hour, we could lee more
Ice a Hc-xd^ and then we were tbrc'd lo go out
the lame way we came in, and thus I coniinu'd
coafting the Ice, fomctimes with great Hopes of
a clear Sea, and then again diihearten'd by Tcc-
ing more Icc^ till at lall 1 had no Hopes at all,
which was when I fliw the Land of Nova Zembla^
ancithclce join to it. So here the Opinion or
William Banam was confuted, and all the reft
of the Dutch Relations, which, certainly, arc all
forg'd abuilve Pamphlets, as alfo the Relations
of our own Countrymen. But certainly, if
Men did really confider the many individual
Dangers and Mifchiefs that c ines upon the
broacliingof fuch Untruths, they would never do
it; for I do now verily believe, that if there be no
Land to the Northward of the Lat. of 80 r/. that
the Sea that is there is all frozen, and always
wntinuet'i fo j for I that could get no farther
than 76 d, found it fo frozen without Intermilfi-
on ; and fome of the Ice that we faw, diat was
on the main Body of it, had been convey'd i o
Degrees more Southward^ would have taken
Ifonie Centuries of Years to thaw it : For the
loofc Ice that Jay about the Edges of the main
Body, was not more than a Foot thick in fome
jPicces above the Superficies of the Water, and
the reft of the Cake that was funk, was more
than 18 Foot below. So I conclude that thofe
vaft Mountains that were on the main Body were
N 3 all
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all on Shoie, as of nxclfity they muft, if tliry
hold the fame Proportion ; and confidering iic
Shallowncfs of the Water, which I found all alon(^
the Ice, which, in the mid-way between ihc two
Lands, I found to be no more than 70 Vathoni
was doubtlefs a Siiin that to the Northwaj d is
Land, and that the main Body of Ice that ly th
crulled about the Sliore, may be 20 Leagues or
more, and that Nova Zanbla und Grco'hmi .c;\i.
t\.z fame Continent ; for, if there had bcti: :iny
Palfage, there would have been fome CAirnii-,
which I could never, or very hardly find to be
;iny, and the little that was run H U-fourh-^i'aft
along the Ice, whicfi is nothing elle but a firaii
Tide which rifcdi ibme 8 Toot. 1 hus the icj
having been an Obftacle in our way, as alii) the
Caufe of my coming fo far to the Laftv'ardJ
which before I never intended.
I will come to the Misfortune that happendl
to us in the Lofs of our Ship, which was thiiiiJ
being amongft the Ice the 29th day of ijimc'm
the Morning, we had like to have been encl-s'jl
in it, it proving likcwife foggy Weather, l{loo(l|
out to the Southward, thinking to lie dicr: till
fairer Weather, or to fpcnd ibme time to tliJ
Southward, and dicn come up to the Ice again!
to fee if there might be any Alteration in it as d
its Removal either Eaft, Weft, North, or Soiitli
but all this day it prov'd foggy dirty Wcathcri
the Wind being at Weft ; fo we lay South-ioiuli
weft with the Stem, and, by our Judgment ani
Reckoning, the Weftermoft Land of Nova Zfiii
ila bore from us Eaft-fouth caft^ that was 4 Poinj
<?/ a Nortl>Eafi Pajfage. 1 8 g
untlcr our Lcc Bow. Butfucli was our Misfor-
tune tluit it prov'd not lo, for about i o of tlic
Clock Captain Flawcs being upon our Weather
Quarter, fir'd a Gun and bore to me, and call'd
out that dierc was Ice a Head i dien I looking;
out a Head, (liw fomething white juft under die
Bow, which prefently I perceiv'd to be a Breath,
and no Icc; now, if I had flay VI with die Ship,
Captain Flawes being to Windward, I ihould
have been on Board ot him, and then certainly
vc had been both K^ft, io I was Ibrc'd to bear
up with hope diat I might get clear oF it j but
the Ship being a great while wearing (Iruck on
the Rock, her Head lying to Scav/ard, which it'
it had not, but diat die Broadlide had been to
the Sea wc had ad pcrilh'd, widiout God's great
Mercy. Qdi^u'm Flawes'^ in the mean time (bc-
mij; a lliorter Ship) wore round, and c uiie dole
under our Stern, and with great Providencj c-
Icap d, and flood olf to Sea ; here v/e hiy beating
on the Rock in a moft cruel manner Ibr the Spacj
of 3 or 4 hours,uiing all polfible means to lave her,
but J II in vain, lor it blew To hard diat it was im-
polfible to carry out an Anchor capable to do us
any Service, tho' we had an Opportunity to car. y a
Imali Anchor, and warp to hall anotlier out by,
vhidiiignify'dbut httle, the Ship all this v/hiij
b\\ and at the end of 4 or 5 hours, we faw Land
cloic under our Stern, to the great Amazenienr of
all, which bL'forewe could not fee for d^e foii.^v
iV cither ; fo I commanded the Man to get out
iir Boats before our MaH came bv the iioard,
aiidi was done. I lent th. ik)atrwain tov/ard
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184, A Voyage for the Difcomry
the Shore in the Pinnace, to lee if there was any
poiTibility of landing, which I much feared, be^
caufe the Sea ran fo high. In half an hour he
returned with this Anfwcr, that it was impoffiblc
to fave a Man, the Sea ran fo high, and the Snow
being in high Clifts on Sliore was unaccclfible
which was but bad Tidings j fo then itwashich
time to think on the Safety of our Souls, and
we went all together to Prayers, to befeech God
to have Mercy on us, for now nothing but indi-
vidual Ruin appeared before our Eyes ; after
Prayers being done, it proved a little clearer
Weather; and I looking over the Stern, fawa
fmall Beach diredtly with the Stern of the Ship,
where I thought might be fome polfibility of
landing j fo 1 fent the Pinnace again with Ibmc
Men to be landed, but they durft not venture on
Shore i lo I feat the Long-boat with Ibme 2c
Men to Land, who attempted it, and got fafeon
Shore ; fo they in the Pinnace feeing that, iol-
lowed diem and their Men likcwife, and both
returned on Board again , now the Men on the
Shore fent to nie to delire fome Fire-Arn^s and
Ammunition,for there was many Bears on Shore;
fo I caufed to be put into the Pinnace two Bar-
rels of Powder that we had fived dry, before the
Ship was belged, and fome Imall Arms, and ionic
Proviiion, with my own Papers, and Money i
but as ilie put off from the Ship Side, a Sea over^
let her, lo that all was loft, with the Life of one
Man., by Name "^ohn Bofmait^ being Cooper's
Mi'.te, and feveral others taken up for Azi(\; th.!
Lone-Boat bein^ then on Shore to land more
Tiwn
of a North'Eofi Pajfage. 185
jvicn and they hearing us call from aboard,
( wiicn as then we could not f the Shore ) they
came on Board and favcd the Men, but the Pin-
nace was all broke to pieces, which was no fmall
Grief to us ; fo the Long-Boat being on Board,
and the Sea running prodigious high, the Boat-
fwain, and fome others, would compel me and
the Lieutenant to leave the Ship, faying that it
was impolfible for the Boat to live any longer in
that Sea, and that they had rather be drowned
than I ; but defiring me when I came on Shore
(if it were polTible j to fend the Boat again for
them ; fo I being half way on Shore, the Ship
ovcr-fct, fo I made al^ the hafte polTible to Land
them Men I had in the Boat i and having landed
them, I went off to the Ship again, to favc thofe
poor Men that had been fo kind to me before ;
fo with great hazard I got with the Boat to the
Quarter of the Ship, and they came down the
Ladder into the Boat, only one Man who was
left for dead, which was one that had been caft
away in the Pinnace, whofe Name was Alexajh
.'7 f razor ^ a very pretty Sailor : So I returned to
the Shore,and got fife to Land, though very wet
md cold j fo we hauled up the Boat on Shore,
and went up the Land about a flight llioot, where
our Men were making a Fire, and a Tent with
Canvas and Oars, which we had laved for that
purpofe i fo we lay all that Night very cold^ wet
and weary. The next Morning the Man that
v'c kft on Board recovered, and ept unto the
Mizen-Top ; for that Mafl v^c left (landing when
vc came away, the other v/c had cut all down.
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1^6 A Voyage for the Difcovery
The Ship laboured, and beat violently, hut it
blew fo hard, and the Sea ran fo high, that it
was impoflfiblc to fave him ; fo the Weather con-
tinuing blowing, with extreme Fogs, and with
Froft and Snow, and all the ill compadcd Wca-
dier that could be imagined together. \Vc built
more Tents to prcfcrve our felvcs, and the Ship
breaking in pieces came all afhore to the i'xwvc
Place where we landed, which ferved for flicker
and Firing ; befides there came to us fonic Hoa-
flieads of Flour, and Brandy good Store, which
was no little Comfort in our great Ext cmity.
Here we lay betwixt Hope and Dcfpair, hopina
for fair Weather, that Captain Flawcs might
find us, which was impolTible that ever he Ihould
do, if it continued foggy ; and fomc dcfpairing
of his being fafe, but that he might be loft as
well as we. But fuppoling we never was to fee
him again, I was refolvcd to try the utmoft to
fave as many as I could in the Long-Boat ; in or-
der thereunto we raifed her two Foot, and laid
a Deck upon her to keep the Sea out as much as
was polTiblc, and with this Boat and 3 o Men ( for
file would carry no more ) I intended to Row and
Sail to Rujfia ; but the Men not being fatisHcd
who fhould be the Men, began to be very un-
ruly in their mind and Behaviour ; every one
tiaving as much reafon to five himfelf as ano-
ther, fome holding Confultation to ftavc the
Boat, and all to run the like Fortune. But here
Brandy was our beft Friend, for it kept thcni al-
ways Fox'd ; fo that in all their Dciigns I could
prevent them j fome wercoF tlie mind to goby
Landj
mm
of a Nortf>Euft Pajfage, 1 87
Land, but that I knew was imfjoifiblc to any
Man ; nciihcr had wc Provifions, nor Ammuni-
tion to defend us from the Wild Beads ,• and if it
Iiad been pafllible, that is any going on the
Ground for Bogs, that they would have met with
Jlivcrs, that they knew not whither to go ,• fo
there being no probability of going by Land,
nor for any to attempt going in the Boat, with
40 Men having been firft deftroy'd. 1 will leave
it to the Co^ilideration of any, whether we were
not in a very miferablc Condition without Divine
Provi Jencc : To write my Thought I had at that
time, CO lave as many Men as I could, it is not
pcTLincnr x all to the Difcourfc, iince it cannot
but be imagined to be Tragical. The Weather
cr/iiinued (till very bad with Fogs, Snow, Rain^
and I'roft, till the 9th Day of our being on Shore,
which was the 8th Day of Jnly^ when in the
Morning ic cleared up, and to our great Joy, one
of the Sailors cried out a Sail, which proved Cap-
tain Fkwex^ as rcafonable may be imagined ; fo
wc let fire to our Town, that he might fee where
wc was, which he prefently faw, fo came to us,
and lent his Boat to us j ( but before I went off)
I writ a brief Relation of the Intention of the
Voyage, with the Accidents that had befallen us^
and put it into a Glals Bottle, and left it in the
Fortification I had tjiere built. So by twelve a
Clock we all got fife on Board, but left all on
Shore that we liad favcd from the Shii> : for we
inuch feared it lliould prove lopgy again.
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JVbtr / intend to give a brief Vefcription of
the Landj and the Obfervations I ma:k
there*
Ova Zemhla is fo called by the Rujfiam^
which fignifieth New Land in their
Language ; to prove it is either aii
Ifland, or whether it joyneth to the Continent
of Tartaria^ would be a very hard Task, nor is
it certainly known to any j for by Circumftanccs
I think it impolTibie tojprove, and by Experience
the Search thereof is {0 impodible, that it will
Jiardly be tried.
But let it be either, T think the matter is not
much, lince it is the moft miferable Country that
lyeth on the Foundation of the Earth ; a Coun-
try moft Part of it covered perpetually with Snow,
and that that is bare is not to be walked on, be-
ing like Bogs, upon whofe Superficies grows a
kind of Mofs, which beareth a fniall blue and
•yellow Flower ; and this is all the Produdl oFthc
Earth of this Country. Under the Superficies
of this Earth, about two Foot deep, after wc had
dug fo low, we came to a firm Body of Icc;
which, as I think, v/as never heard of before ; I'o
thefe Men that did imagin, if they were forced
to winter to the Northward, would dig Caves in
the Earth to preferve thcmfelvcs from coid,
would
A Voyage for the Vifcovery 189
^ouU^ find here but very bad Lodging. The
jinow licth here contrary to what it doth in any
other Country ; for in all other Climates the
SnoW melteth iooneft away near the Sea Side ;
but here the Sea beatcth a-gainft the Snowy Clifts,
vfhich in fome Places are as high as either of the
rorelands in Ketit : The Sea has waflied under-
neath the Snow a prodigious Way, and the Snow
over hanging, nioft fearful to behold, and up
from the Water-lide, upon the firft Ridge o(f
Hills, the Snow was melted till you come to the
nm Ridge, which are Mountains, and they all
the way up are covered with Snow, which I be-
lieve hath lain there ever fincc the Creation ; but
after we had afcended this, which in fome Places
ms almoft Perpendicular, we came to the top
of all the Mountains, as we fuppofed, for we
could not fee far ; for we could hardly fee one
Ehe other, the Fog was fo thick, and remained fa'
all the time wc were in the Country ^ but on the
top of thefe Hills we found it bare from Snow,
and indifferent good walking. The beft that I
found in the Country were only Bears. 1 conti-
nued on the top of thofe Hills fome two Hoursy
and went as far as was convenient, that we miglic
hnd the way back again. Here I found the Track
of many large Deer ; alfo wc found an Horn of
Beam of Deer : Bcfidcs Deer, there be abun-
dance of large white Bears, and fome Foxes, and
a little Creature much like a Coney, but not fo
bi;^ as a Rat; and fome ,fcv7 litdc Birds like
icS or Fowls
Laiks, and thefe be all the
ve found in the Country. E\'crN' c-i;arLer of a
' Mile
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1 90 i4 Voyage for the Dijcovery
Mile thcfc runneth down from the Hills into t!ic
Sea a fmall Rivulet of very good Water, which
is melted from Snow. Upon the Hills wc founj
abundance of Slate-ftone, which made it oQod
walking ; but at the Sea-fide, where the Rivu-
let came down, we found very good black
Marble, with white Veins in it.
The Point where we loft our Ship I called
Point Specdill: The high Hills I called King
Charles's Snow Hills ^ and the next Point to the
Southward, which is the Weftcrmoft Point of
Nova Zembla^ I named Raines Foreland, and
the Point to the Northward, Tork Point. Point
Speedill lieth in the Lat. of 74 ^. 3 o ;//. North
and in the Longitude Eaft from the City of Lon~
don 63 d. 00 nu The Variation of the Compals
is 13^. Weft^ and it is full Sea at South-Weft
Moon. The Tide rifeth 8 Foot, and fetteth di-
redlly upon the Shore, which is a certain Sign
that there is no Paffage to the Northward. The
Sea Water, about the Ice and Land, is very fait,
and much falter than any I ever yet taftcd, and
a great deal heavier, and I may certainly fay the
cleareft in the World,- for I could fee the
Ground very plain in 80 Fathom Water, which 1
is 480 Foot, there being few Steeples fo high as|
that was deep, and I could fee the Shells at the
bottom very plain.
If the Voyage had fuccceded, I Hiould, God I
wiUing, have given a more full and nice Acconii:
of all the Experiments I had, and ihouid have
made, efpecially thofe of the Magnet, which I
forbear here to mention, bccaufe I intended tol
publiilil
of a North- Eafl Pafage. 1 9 1
publidi them in a Trcatifb by themfc'vcs j fo
having with the Ship loft all my Pap . ', ■ , ani
with them all 1 had in the World bclidc : I mc 1
humbly beg Pardon that I have given nc moi :
ainple a Relation.
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THE ;.
FIRST PART,
O F T H E
O Y A G E
INTO
Spt!^bergen and Greenland :
CONTAINING
De PafTages of the whole Voyage, together with
Ifome Account of the Weather, from the 15th of
I A^il to the 2 1 ft of Auguft^ Anno 1 67 1 .
Chap. I.
the Voyage from the Elbe to
Spitzbergen.
'E fet Sail the 1 5 th o^ April, 1671.
about noon from the Elbe, The
Wind was North-eaft. At night,
b wc came by the HilgC'liftd^ it bore to
orth-we(V. The name of the Ship was Jonas
W Whak^ ^€ter Peterfon of Frijeland Mafter.
B The
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The fir Jl Fart of the Voyage
The 27th we had ftorms, hail and fno«r
with very cold weather, the wind North-eaii
and by eaft, we were in 71 degrees, and cam
to the Ice, and turned back again. The ///<
of John Maim bore from us South-weft an;
by weft, as near as we could guefs within te
Miles. We might have leen thelflandplai
enough, but the Air was haizy and full of fog]
and fnow, fo that we could not fee far. Aboi,i
noon It blew a ftorm, whereupon we tooi
down our Top-fails, and furling our Mainfaii
drove with the Mifien-fail towards South-eafr.
The 29th it was foggy all day, the win
North- eaft and by north, we came to the k
and failed from it again, as you may fee intli
Plate A.
The 30ih, the firft Sunday after E^jler^ %
foggy, with rain, and fnow, the windatNorti
at night we came to the Ice, but failed from
again 5 the Sea was umpcftuous, and toffedou
Ship very much.
The gd of May was cold, fnowy, with hail|
and mifty-Sun-(hine, the wind North well: an
by weft, the Sun fet no more, we faw it aswd|
"by right as by day.
The fourth we had fnow, hail, and gloon3|
Sun-Chine, with cold weather, but not exce
five, the wind at North-weft, the weather
very day unconftant. Here we faw abundani
of Scales^ they jump'd out of the water befoi
the Ship, and which was ftrange, they vvouli
ftand half out of the water, and as it we
dance together.
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into Spitzbcrgen and Greenland.
The 5th in the forenoon it was moderately
cold and Sun-iliine, but toward noon darkilh
and cloudy, with fnow and great froft, the
wind North- weft and by North. We faw dai-
ly many Ships failing about the Ice, I obfer-
ved that as they pafTed by one another, they
haled one another, crying Holla^ and asked
each other how many fi(h they had caught ,
biitrhey would not ftick fometimes to tell more
(hen they had. When it was windy, that they
could not hear one another, they waved their
Hats, to fignifie the number catight. But when
they have their full Fraight of Whales, they put
up their great Flag as a fign thereof 5 then if
any hath a Meflage to be fent, he delivers it to
them, as you may fee in the Plate A by A.
The 7th we had moderate froft, clouds and
fnovy with rain. In theevenini^ we failed to
the Ice, the wind was quite contrary to us, and
the Ice too fmall, wherefore we failed from it.
In the afternoon we faw Spitsbergen, the South
ipointof the North-fore- land, we fuppofed it
the true Harbour. The Land appeared like a
dark Cloud, full of white ftreeks 5 we turned
to the Weft again, that is, according to the
Compafs, which is alfo to be underftood of the
[ice and Harbour.
The 9th was the fame weather, and cold as
Ibeforc, the Wind South-weft and by weft.
In the alternoon a Fw'fijh, fwam by our Ship,
khich we took at firft to be a Whak^ before we
[w the high fins of his Tail , and came near to
1'^ We had let down our Sloop from the Ship,
B % but
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The firjl Tart of the Voyage
but tfiat labour was loft, for he was not worth I
taking.
From the 25 th of -^pr/7tothis day, we had
not taken the Sun's altitude, we were then in
70 degrees and 3 minutes, and failed towards
the North and the Ice. It may feem ftranae,
that we fo often failed to the Ice, and fronfit
again, but I (ball give you a reafon for that!
hereafter.
The nth it was ftormy and exceffive coldj
the wind North, and we had the greateft froftj
in this Month of May.
On the 14th the wind was North-weft, fin
weather, with Sun-(hine, we were within jj
degrees and 22 minutes. We told twenty Ship
about us, the Sea was very even, and we hard]
ly felt any wind, yet it was very cold.
In this place the Sea becomes fraooth pre
fently again after a ftorm, chiefly when thj
wind blows from the Ice 5 but when it blowj
off the Sea, it always makes a great Sea.
The fame day we faw a Whale not far ofFfron
our Ship, we put out four Boats from on boaril
after him, but this labour was alfo in vain, foj
he run under water, and faw him no more.
On the 19th we had a dull Sun-ftiine, thj
wind was North, and it was fo calm that wj
could hardly feel it; we rowed in the Ship
boat to the Ice, and killed two Sea-kounds
Seales ; there were fo many of them on the lo
that they could not be numbred.
On the 20th it was exceeding cold, fothal
the very Sea was all frozen over 3 yetitwj
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into Spkzbergen and Greenland.
iknand ftill, that we could hardly perceive
^ind, which was North 5 there were nine
\n our Company which failed about the
we found flill the longer we failed the
kerthelce.
the 2ift C which was the fourth Sunday
Eafier ) we failed into the Ice in the fore-
I, with another HambHrger^ihip, called the
kr, with 8 HpUauders. We fixed our Ship
Ice-hooks to a large Ice-field, when the
|was South- wefl: and by fouth ^ we numbred
Ships in the Sea 5 they lay as it were in an
)our or Haven,(as you may fee Plate A at 5.)
IS they venture their Ships in the Ice with
hazard,
In the 50th it was fair weather in the morn-
fnowy about noon, the wind was South-
and very calm. We rowed in the great
[p, before the Ship, farther into the Ice. In
lorning we heard a Whale blow, when the
[was in the Eaft, and brought the Whak to
Ship, when the Sun was at South-wefl: and
|aft ^ the fame day we cut the Fat from it,
filled with it 70 Barrels (which they call
lels. ) By this fi(h we found abundance o£
mol> of thtm wi^t^Malletftucks^ (that is
ly foolifhGnat* J^Ssh werefo greedy of
food, that wejLiird dietn with (licks.
filh was fboiitt Wot fey the Birds, for we
[every where by them iq the Sea where the
ile had been, ffcr he was wounded by an
3ing.Iron that ftuck ftill in his flelh, and he
alfo fpent himfelf with hard fwimings
B 3 he
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The firji Part of the Voyage
he blowed alio very hollow, he (lank alive, and
the Birds fed upon him. This li hale fermented
when it was dead, and the fteam that came from
it inflamed our eyes, and made them fore. S(^e
Tab. AsLta.
This fame night Cornelius Seaman lofl: his Ship
by the fqueezing and cruQiing together of the
Ice, fl^r in this place are very great Sheets or
Klands of Ice, and the Seamen call it Wejlla^
becaufe it lieth towards the Weft, as you may
fee in the Plate B marked with b.
On rhe 2d of June we had a feverefroftin
the forenoon, and in the night we faw the
Moon very pale, as it ufed to look in the day
time in our Country, with clear Sun-(hine,
whereupon followed mift and fnow, the wind
North-eaft and by north.
In the morning, June the 4th, we were a
hunting again after a Whale^ and we came fo|
near unto one, that the Harponier wasjufta
going to fling his Harpoon into her, but (lie
funk down behind, and held her head outo
the water, and fo funk down like a ftone ( a
is to be feen by d on the cut A ) and we fa
her no more ^ it was very like that the greai
Ice-field was full of holes in the middle, f(
that the Whale could fetch breath undcrneat
the Ice. A great many more Ships lay abou
this fheet of Ice, one hunted the Whdcs to th
other, and fo they were frighted, and becam
very (by. So one gets as many fifhesastheo
ther, and fometimes they all get one. We wer
there feveral times a hunting that very d:w,3n
yet we got never a orie-
nt
PW^
into Spitzbergcn and Greenland.
On the 8th it was Foggy, and fnow'd all day,
wefaw that day very many (Sea- dogs or) Seales
on the Ice about the Sea-fide, fo we fet out a
fioat and killed i^ of them.
On the 12 It was cold and ftormy all day,
at night Sun- (bine ^ he that takes not exaft
notice, knows no difference whether it be day
or night.
On the 15th in the afternoon it was windy
and foggy, we were in 77 degrees 5 we failed
along by the Ice fomewhat cafterly towards
Sfttzljergeft, as is to be feen in the Cut A at e.
That night we faw more than 20 Whalef that
run one after another towards the Ice ^ out of
|them we got our fecond Fi(h, which was a
Male one 5 and this Fi(h, when they wounded
with Lances, bled very much, fo that the
'ea was tinged by it where he fwam : we brought
im to the Ship when the Sun was in the
orth ; for the Sun is the Clock to the Seamen
pi Spitzbergeff, for elfe they would live withr
ut order, and miftake in the ufual feven week-
ydays.
On the 14th it was cold and windy, the night
oggjr, the wind blew Weft, that day we came
oHans Lichtenberg,
We arrived at Spitzbergcn^ June the 14th.
irlt wc came to the Foreland thereof, then to
hefeven/ce-A/iTf or Mountains, then we pa (Ted
lie Harbour or Bay of the Hamburgers^ Mag-
», EnglifJ) Men and Danes^ and failed inco
llie South-bay : we were followed by 7 Ships,
'^mkrgersj and 4 Hollanders^ as is to be feen
B 4 by
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8 We frjl Fart of the Voyagi
by a in the Plate C. For here it is juft the
fame, as when they will fail into the Ice, if{
more then one is there, for no body cares to
be the firft, becaufe they do not know in what!
condition the Harbour or the Ice is within.
In our Voyage thither we (aw no Ice at all, unJ
til we came to SpUzbergen^ for the Wind had
blown it all away s in the night we did cutoK
the fat of the Fi(b, and filled with it 6^ Kardelsj
or Veffels.
That night we failed with three Boats intol
the Engliflj Harbour or Bay, and faw a Whilq
and flung into him three Harpoons, and threw
our Lances into him 5 the Whale ran underj
neath the fmall Ice, and remained a great while
under Water before he came up again, and then
ran but a very little way before he came upa-l
gain ^ and this he repeated very often, fo thatj
we were forced to wait on him above half aa
hour, before he came from underneath the IceJ
The Harpoons broke out at length, and we loll
him. On the Ice we faw two great Sea-korjti
or MorC^s^ that were got upon the (beet of Ice]
through a hole that was in it, and were aileep:
we cut off their return by covering the hol^
with a piece of Ice 5 then we awaken'd then
with our Lances, and they began to defend
themfelves for awhile before they were killed
We faw alfo many White Fl(b.
On the 22 th we had very fair weather, and
pretty warm s, we were by Rebenfdt {Deersfm
where the Ice (tood firin .• we faw fix Wkli\
and got one of them that was a Male, and 01
•^m
into Spitibergen and Greenland.
third Fifli: he was kiil'd at night when the Sun
{ioo(i weftward : this Fi(b was killed by one
Man, who flung the Harpoon into him ^ and
lill'd him alfo, while the other Boats were bu-
(ieinpur("uing or hunting after another Whale.
ThisFilh run to the Ice, and before he died,
beat aix>ut hiai with his tail ^ the Ice fetled a-
boQthim fo that the other Boats could not come
to this Boat to aflid; him, till the Ice feparated
again, that they might row, when they tied
one boat behind the other, and fo towed the
Wkle to the great Ship, where they cut him up
into the Veffels, and filled with him 45 Barrels.
This night the Sun (hiqcd very brightly.
On the 29th we had fair weather, Sun-(bine
and calm. On the fame day we failed before
the wide Harbour or Bay, where we found a
great quantity of the fat of a Whale^ three Vef-
fclsfulj, together with the Image of St. Nido-
las, which flood behind a Ship that was loti,
driving in the Sea. There was alfo here and
there flill much Ice.
On the I ft of July about noon, two Whalet
came near to our Ship 5 we faw that they had
a mind to couple together^ we fet our Boat
forthem, and the Harponier liit the Female,
'^hich when the other found, he did not flay
'^f all, but made away. The Female run all
along above the Water, flraight forward, beating
Uboutwich her tail and fins, fo that we durO:
not come near to lance her, yet one of our Har-
poniers was fo fool-hardy to venture too neer to
[Ihe Fi(h, which faluted him with a ftroke of
her
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lo The jirjl part of the Voyage
her tail over his back fo vehemently, that he had
much ado to recover his breath again. Thofe
in the other Boat, to (hew their valour alfo,
haften'ci to the Fi(h, which overturned their
Boat, fo that the Harponier was forced to
dive for it, and hide his head underneath the
water; the reft did the fame ^ they thought it
very long before they came out, for it was cold,
fo that they came quaking to the Ship again.
In the fame morning a Whale appear'd near
our Ship before the wide Harbour, we put out
four Boats from our Ship after him, but two
HoUandSKx^s were about half a League from us,
one of them fent out a Poat towards us 5 we
ufed great diligence and care to take him, but
the Fi(h came up jufi. before the Dntchmns
Boat, and was ftruck by him with a Harpoon.
Thus he took the bread out of our mouths.
On the 2d of Jnly we had Sun-(hine all day
and night long, and it was pretty warm with-
all J about midnight we went a hunting, and
caught the fifth Filh, who was a Male^ we cut
the fat off, and flung it into the ForecaftleJ
This is done when they are very bufie \nWhdk\
catching, that they may not lofe time, then!
they cut great pieces off of the Whak, thati
they may have done the fooner, for it doth
not harm the fat if it (hould lie fo for feveral
days; nay, lome reckon it to be the better
for it, but that cannot be, for the fat runs away|
from ir.
On the 4th we had Sun-Qiine all day andl
flight. Weftill were ^J'Wt'-hunting, andt
''• ni
into Spitzbergen and Greenland!.
jiight we got the fixth Fifli, a Male alfo, he held
4^ Kardeb of fat.
On the 3d and 4th day of July we faw more
Ifklcs than we did in all our Voyage.
On the $th of Jnlji in the forenoon it was
bright Sun-(hine, and pretty warm, in the af-
ternoon it was foggy, at night Sun-ihine again,
which lafted all the night. We hunted alf that
day long, and in the morning we Ihuck a
IfM before the Weigatt -^ this Fi(b run round
about under the water, and fo faftned the Line
whereon our Harpoon was about a Rock, fo
that rhe Harpoon loft its hold, and that Fi(h got
away. This Whale did blow the water fo fierce-
ly, that one might hear it at a Leagues di-
ftance.
The fame day about noon, the wind fouth,
and Sun- (hi ne, we got the feventh Fi(b, which
was a Female, and had 4^ Kardels of fat 5 this
we cut aUc into the Hold, and fo we failed
from Weiiatt^ sl little toward the weft before
[kMkfcle-Harl/atir, where we dropt our An-
chor, we were employed with cutting the great
pieces of fat into lefler pieces, to fill our Kjr-
ddi with them 5 in the mean while the wind
turned to North-weft and weft, and the fingle
Anchor was dragg'd by the Ship, fo we drop'd
rother, and would have weigh'd up the for-
|nier, but our Cable broke, the Akichor being
jfadned to a Flock.
On the 6th we had the fame weather, and
V'Srm Sun- (bine all night. Hard by us rode a
\Mir!d'^r^ and the Ships crev,^ bufie in cutting
the
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the fat of a If We, when the Fifh burft with fo
great a bounce, as if a Cannon had been dif.
charged, and befpatered the Workmen all over,
On the 8th the wind turned North-weft, with
fnow and rain. We were forced to leave one of
our Anchors, and thank'd God for getting
from Land, for the Ice came on fiercely upon
us 5 at night the wind was laid, and it waj
colder, although the Sun (hined.
On the 9th we got another Male Whale ^ being
the eighth, which was yellow underneath the
head ^ we filled with him 34 Kardeh with fat;
the Sun (hined all night.
On the 1 2th we had gloomy Sun-(liine all
day. At night we failed with three Boats inti
the Ice before the fVetgaU, anil got three whiti
Bears, an old one with two young ones, thev
fwam in the water like Filh. On the Ice la
abundance of Sea-horjh^ and the further w
came into the Ice there were the more of them,
we rowed up to them, and when we catne mai
to them we killed ten of them, the reft cam
all about our Boat, and beat holes through thi
fides of the Boat, fo that we took in abundanc
of v;iter, we were forced at length to ro
away from them becaufe of their great num
ber, for they gathered themfelves more an
more together 5 they purfued us as long as w
could fee them, very furioufly. Afterward
we met with another very great one, wholayl
in the water faft alleep, but when he felt our
Harpoon within him he was very much fright-
nedj and ran away before the Boat again, where
■ h?
^
inti
le was fo
e faw
e did k
me nea:
Ind fogg:
ngth5
twe V
e had es
eir Ship
t have
ips. V
eir Ship
Cannon
ets, or F
ided in t
lay Hod t
On the
ind tow!
ift. ThI
iled fro
nd we CO
de from
n to the J
as a! read
ut juft ge
\tlf(incl{_
le Plate I
ith a Noi
smon
We/ lef(
'^' and I
km war
Ship tha
P
ei
into Spitzbergen and Greenland.
le was foon eafed of his fright by our Lances.
e faw but very few Whahf more, and thofe
e did fee were quite wild, that we could not
me near them. That night it was fo dark
d foggy, that we could hardly fee the Ships
ngth 5 we might have got Sea-horfes enough,
tit we were afraid of loofing our Ships, for
e had examples enough of them that had loft
leir Ships, and could not 0'>me to them again,
at have been forced to return home in other
lips. When after this manner any have loft
leir Ships, and cannot be feen, they difcharge
Cannon from the Ship, or found the Trum-
ets, or Haut-boys, according as they are pro-
ided in their Ships, that the Men that are loft
lay find their Ship again.
On the 15th we had cloudy Sun-ftiine, the
ind towards night turned to North-eaft and by
ft. The Ice came a floating down apace, we
1 from the South-eaft Land to the weft,
d we could but juft get through by the North
efrom the Bear- Harbour or Bay. We failed
In to the RehenfeU (or Deer-field) where the Ice
as already fixed to the Land, fo that we could
t juft get through , we failed further to the
flfanck, ( Brrds'fof/g ) as you may fee by h in
e Plate D. Then we turned toward the Eaft
ith a North-eaft wind, in company with twelve
(lips more, to fee whether there were anymore
Wej left, with George and Cornelius Mangel"
», and Michael Apple ^ who failed in four fa-
oms water, and touched upon the wreck of
Ship that W.1S loft there.
On
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f 4 The frfi Part of the Voyage
On the 14th in the morning we failed (ii
amonglt the Ice, the wind being North-eaftan
by eaft 5 we had a fogg all that day, withSu
Ihine^ with a Rainbow, of twocolours, \
and pale yellow, and it was very cold, and wj
faw the Sun a great deal lower.
On the 15th it was windy, cold and fogi
the whole day ^ the wind turned North-wei
and the Ice came on in abundance, fo thatv
could hardly fail, for it was every where fu|
of fmall (heets of Ice. At this time there we;
many Ships befet with Ice, in the Deer or Mi
ck'Baji. We failed all along near the ilioa
and at night we entred the South-Harbour (m
ked with c in the Cut D) where i8 Ships!
at Anchor, 8 whereof were Hdmhnrgm, i
reft Dutchmett. From that time, when
failed out of the SoHth-Haven^ we kept alwa
within fight of the Land, and faw it alw?
except it was foggy 5 and fo long the Skipp
l\ay by the Ice, to fee whether there is a
more Whales to be had. That night we fetch
water from the Land, near the Cooler) of Ui
lifjgept, out of a hole, marked by b in the Plate
On the 1 6th in the morning we faw t
Moon, and afterwards it was windy, with
bundance of Snow.
On the 1 8th we had fair weather, with Suj
ftiine, and we were alfo becalmed that we cou|
not fail, wherefore we towed with a Boat ii
the Da»jjh Harhour^ to gather fome Herbs fr
the Rocks. In the Sotith-Haven rode 30 Sh^
at Anchor*
I »l II JW II
into Spitzbergen and Greenland.
On the 19th we had warm-Sun-fliine and fair
jieather, but in the night ftormy and rain.
On the 20th ftorms, rain, and a great deal of
Iflow, the wind South-weft.
On the 2 ift rain all day long.
C H A P. IL
!)[ mr home Voyage from Spitzbergen to
the Elbe.
N the 2 2d day of July in the Morning,
when the Sun was North-eaft, we wayed
ur Anchors, and failed out of th^SoHth-Ha-
w.* we had a fogg all day long, and Sun-
ineat nighty in the night we faw abundance
f Fin-Fifies,
On the x4th it was fo warm with Sun-fliine,
at the Tar wherewith the Ship was daubed
ver melted 5 we drove, it being calm, before
e Haven or Bay of Magdalen.
On the 25th it was cloudy, and Sun-(hine,
iitcold withal 5 at night we came to the Fore^
^^5 the night was foggy, the wind South-
On the 26th we had the very fame weather
1%, the Sun was very low in the night.
On the 28th we turned from the Mq of the
fril for eland towards the weft, when the
"!^was Southeaft 5 and we did fail South-weft
and
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i S the firjl pari of the Voyage
and by weft towards the Sea ^ then wechan
ged our Courfe Southwards, and ftood South
eaft.
On the 29th, 30th and 51ft we failed Soutlj
eaft and by South all along by the Land, tli
South fide of the ForeUnd was 8 Leagues froj
us, bearing North-eaft, then we failed Soutj
weft and by South, it was very cold with
North- weft wind. We faw daily abundance 1
Fin fillies, but no more Whales,
On the 9th of Angufl it was windy all daj
with a gloomy Sun-(hine in the forenoon^
cleared up towards noon ^ the wind wasSout(
eaft, when we took the Meridian heighth
the Sun, aud were at 66 degrees 47minntei
we failed South-weftward all along the No
thern ftioar of the Country.
On the 13th, h€mg Sunday in tbemornioj
the wind was North-weft, ftormy, with raj
and weft winds. In the night we had vej
clear Moon and Star-light. In the morning'
faw the northern part of Hitland, we failj
Southward 5 after the Rain we faw Fdir-lk
and failed in betwixt Hitland and Fair-Ifle, fij
South-weft, and afterwards South- welt and!
South, and then Southward.
On the 20th it was fair weather, warm Su
fiiine, and fomewhat windy. When thedj
began to appear we faw Hflgeland, South-eaj
ward of us, when we failed South-eaO: ^ m
we took in a Pilot, on purpofe chol.^n by t|
M^giOrateSof Hamburgh.
ii'ir'
tri
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|nthe 29th it was fair weuher, and warm
llbine all day 5 we failed before the £/^c,
1 lay at Anchor by the firft Buoy ( called
Rcd'Bfioy ) in the afternoon we weighed
[Anchor, and failed to Kucks- Haven :^ in
light we had thunder, and lightning, and
--, 1
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The End of the Firfi Part.
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Photographic
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Corporation
23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTLft.N.Y. 14580
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THE
SECOND PART
O F T H E
V O Y A G
T O
STirZ'BERGEN:
Containing the
7)efcnption of Spitzbergei
CHAP. r.
Of the External Face and /ippearana
Spitzbergcn.
TH E lowermoft parts of thefe Cci
tries that are called Spitzbergen, ffi
the (harp and pointed Hills or 1
tains, (for%7ss is pointed) are (ituated
r'i
-TM-^
to Spitibergen.
IjS degrees and 30 minutes. We (Iiiled to the
8ift deg. and no Ship ventured farther that
year^ but how far this Country is extended to
[the North, is ftiil unknown.
Itfeemeth, becaufe the Ice (lands firm, and
Joats not, as that in the Sea doth, that there
iould be Land not far behind it.
As the highefl: Countries are furrounded with
lountains, as a Fortification is with Walls and
[Works, fo are thefe Countries naturally fur-
bounded with high Hills.
The inward Condition of this Country we
lo not know, but it feemeth, fince we fee one
lill behind another, chat it is fo throughout
^he whole Country.
At the Mnfile- Haven, or Mufcle- Bay, we find
plainer and leveller Ground ^ and the farther
pe fail toward the Eaft, the Ground groweth
[he lower, yet it is all ftony, and with pro-
|pe£tsof fmaller Hills ^ u doth not look at all
if it could be inhabited by Men.
I believe alio that the Land there mufl: of
^eceiiity be lower and lower ^ for elfe w* fhould
it higher above the other, as we do the o-
b Mountains.
Concerning the Beafts that live on this Land,
believe they come over the Ice in the Spring,
^henthelce ftands firm, into thefe Countries,
nd that the fame way they go away from thence
jain, when the long nights begin.
Concerning the Birds, we have partly a good
|ccount of them, their places and food is
^own, as I (hall mention when I come to write
them. C 2 When
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2o The Second Part of the Voyage
When on the i8th of June, on a Sunday m
the forenoon, wc firft came to the Foreland otl
Spiizbergen 5 the foot of thefc Mountains looW
like fire, and the tops of them were covered wiii
foggs^ the fnow was marbel'd, and look'd
if it were boughs or branches of Trees, an
gave as bright and glorious a (hiningor glolstu
the Air of Skies, as if the Sun had fhin'd.
When the Mountains look thus fiery, a har|
ftorm generally enfues.
Thefe Countries are in the Winter encon
parted v/ith Ice from divers places, according
as the winds blow 5 as if it be Eaft from iVw
'ZembLi^ if North-weft from Greenland, an|
the Ifland of JohnMayen: it alfo happenetl
foraetitnes that the Land is begirt with Ice in ttil
Summer, as they ha\e often feen, that gotlii|
ther every year.
But when the Ice comes floating on too hard]
or in too great a quantity, then the Ships raafc
to the Harbours, Havens, Bays or Rivers,
they call them, that run up into the Country I
the wind ufeth to receive us fomething unkind]
ly, when we fail into them, roaring over [\\
dry Hills with fmall Whirl- winds. The watfl
in thefe Rivers is fait.
We meet here with no frefti Streams or Rive
lets ^ nor did I ever fee a Spring there.
Of fome Rivers we know their beginning,
ethers it cannot be found out, becaufe of th
danger of the Ice, which they are never trej
from 5 fome becaufe of the hidden Rocbui
derneath the water, which are diicovered N
to Spitzb^rgcn,
^he vehement breaking of the Sea, or by great
juantity of white foam.
The Names of the Havens you find all in
jrder one after another in the Map of Spifz-
ier^etij as far as wc have been.
Thefe Havens rhey reckon to be the fafeft,
9'iz. the Safe- Harbour, and the Soi/th and North-
ay, which are the mod known of any in
ifitzbergeft.
The other Havens, of what names foever,
It commonly fail by, becaufe they lye open to
le Sea.
Others we pafs by becaufe of the conftant Ice
lat is in them, and the hidden Rocks.
In the South or North- Haven or Bay, ride
|ommonly the moft Ships ^ I told feveral times
»n, twenty, nay thirty Ships, that lay at An-
chor, as you may fee in the Plates C and D,
larked with c and d.
Concerning the Birds, we fee abundance
lore of them by and on the Land, then a-
long the Fee, chiefly when they hatch their
Jggs^ we do not find they make their Neft up
mh far-fetcht things, neither do they gather
Iny thing for them from Norway, Schctland^ or
|he like.
The Seeds of feveral Herbs might grow in
hlihergetty but the Herbs nature hath beftow-
p on thofe Countries, are fuch as are fit for
le Difeafes and Diftempers that are common
lere.
We fav/ abundance of Sea-Horfes by Spitz,-
l^r^cn^ on the low Land, and upon the Ice 5
B 5 but
21
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^2 Tie Second Part of the Voyage
but we faw but very few Scales on the Ice tl
about.
The Country ( as is aforefaid ) is ftony,
quite throughout it are high Mountains
Rocks. -^.^f: ■■■^-''^ ..,.'.'.
Below, at the feet of the Mountains,
the Hills of Ice very high, and reach tc
tops of the Mountains 5 the Clifts are fillei
with Snow ^ wherefore thefe Snow-Moun|
(how very ftrange to thofe that never faw
before, they appear like dry Trees with
ches and Twigs, and when the Snow fa|
upon them they g'lt Leaves as it were,
foon after melt, and others come in the roc
them.
»i...
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There are feven large Ice- Mountains in a
in thefe Countries, that lye between the
Rocks, which look of a glorious blew ccj
as alio is the Ice, wi.h a great many cracks
Holes in them ^ they are hollowed out, mJ
away, and cut in Groves by the rain and frl
water that runs down ^ they are increafed gj
ly by the Snow, as the other Ice that fwimej
the Sea is alfo : they are augmented likewij
the melted Snow from the Rocks, and froi
Rain that falls on them.
Thefe feven Mountains of Ice are cfteem<
be the higheft in the Country^ indeed
(hewed very high as we failed by them, ui
neath : the Snow look'd dark from the fha('
the Skies, which (hewed very neat and curl
with the blew cracks where the Ice was brj
off; ■ .. . ^.^ ■ •
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to Spitzbergcn.
About the middle of the Mountains fomc
toy Clouds hovered over 3 above thefe the
low was very bright.
The true Kecks look'd fiery, and the Sun
lin'd pale upon them, the Snow giving the Air
bright refledtion. They were covered with
Tciouds, (o that you could fcarcefee the tops of
ihem.
Some of thefe Rocks are but one ftone from
ihe bottom to the top, appearing like an old
decayed Wall 5 they fmell very fweet, as the
|reen Fields do in our Country in the Spring
when it rains. See ec in the Plate C
The (tones for the moft part are vein'd dif-
ferently, like Marble, with red, white and
Hlow : at the alteration of the weather the
[ones fweat, and by that means the Snow is
lained or coloured 5 and alfo if it raineth much,
^he water runs down by the Rocks, and from
lence the Snow is tinged red.
On the foot of the Mountains, where no
counts of Ice ftand, lye great loofe Rocks, as
^hey chance to be fall'n one upon the other,
mh Caves and Hoi*.^, fo that it is very tickliih
nlk'ng upon them ^ both great and fmall Stones
)r Hocks are mixed together : thefe Stones are
)f a grey colour, or grey with black veins,
they glifter like Silver-oar. Moft of the Rocks
|thar are at the bottom of the Mounts are like
the Pebles we pave our Streets withal. On
jthefe [locks grow all forts of Herbs, Graves,
hnd Mofs very plentifully 5 they grow up
|in the two Months of Jttne and fnl/^ from
C 4 the
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:i4 The Second Part of the Voyage
the Seed to bear Seed again. Look / in t^|
Plate C.
The Herbs grow thickeft where the water runsi
or falls down from the Hills, (and aliowhefj
they are defended from the North and Eai|
winds ) from whence always feme Duflf or Mod
is carried down with it, which after a long(ioit|
becomes Earth (yet it is rather Dung than
true Earth ) and the Birds do contribute by thtij
dung towards it.
Thtfc Mountains feem as if they were Earill
at top by reafon of the hei^,ht, but when m
are at the top of them, they are Hock as m
at the top as the bottom, which we alfo fej
when great pieces of them fall down. If Stontj
are flung down from thcfe Mountains, it foudj
as if it thundered with an Echo and Ratling kj
the Valleys, as if very great pieces were throw]
off from the top of them.
The Mountains alio are full of Cracks wheKJ
in the Birds make their NeQs j they all (ly dowl
from the Mountains to feek their Foud in m
water ^ fome eat the Carrion of Fifhcs, oth^n
eat fmall FiQies and Shrimps, as I (ball fay, wkj|
I treat of the Birds.
There are alfo White-Bears, Deer and Fod
in ihele Countries. The Bear liveth upon deail
Whales or dead Men ; the Fox feeds upon Birdi]
and their Eggs 5 and the Deer eat the Herb?.
One may conjeflure at the height of W
Mountains hy this, when the Skies are notveffl
clear, the Mountains ftand, to about the middij
in the Clcvid'i * fome of tjieni look a^ if
r:4
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f
to Spitibergea.
were a coming down every moment, as in the
Pbrc- D at /.
The reafon why the lowermoft Hills do not
alio whei: feein lo high, is became To very great ones (land
fitar them. A Ship with its Mart and Rig-
|ng , is no more to be compared with theie
iountains, than a fmall Houfe with a high
iteeple. The Miles feem aUb to be very Qiort,
ut whtn you go to walk them upon the Land,
ou Hnd it quite another thing, and you will
ion be tired 5 and alfo becaufe of the rou^h-
lefs and (harpnefs of the Rocks, and for want
f a Pat'i, you will foon get warm be it never
3 cold: a new pair of Shoes will not lall: one
[\% here.
We went in the night, when it was a very
ilear Siin-lliine, upon one of the Rocks near
ihe E//^////> Haven, about a Mile long, to look
ifter a lykale that had got away from us 5 in
the middle of this Harbour others were a row-
ing in their Long Boats, which we could hard-
ly (lifcern ; a great part fell down from one of
ihefe Mountains, which founded very loud.
he Mountains look'd black, (Irip'd with veins
f Snow. It was fo calm that we could hardly
rceive any breeze of wind, and not very cold.
he (hoar was very full of Sea-Horfes^ which
foired lo that we could hear them a great way
C as if fome Bulls had bellowed.
In the Country we travel thus ^ We take
ilong with us two or more Guns and Lances,
[orelid the Highway-men the Bears, but one
loon tired, as I i\\d before^ becaufe of the
ftonvS
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26 The Second part of the Voyage
(lones and the loofe Ice, whereon it is vem
troublefome to walk.
As many as I have ft en of thcfe Moiinta
are (ituated thus ^ The higheft are from tlij
Foreland to '.he Mufclc- Haven for SMle B/ifi
after the Foreland follow the feven Ire Mountl
which are very high Mountains ^ and they an
caled fo from the Ice- Hills that fill up the Valj
leys, or lye between the Rocks. Thefemouni
tainoijs Kocks are not fo (harp or pointed att
top as the two foremoft Rocks at the Havens
Magdalen are. Then cometh the Havoh
the Ham'onrgers^ MagdJen^ the Engliflj and l]\
nijh Harbour, and at laft the South-Haven,
the Magdalen-Haven the Rocks lye in a rouij
or femi circle, at each i\(\^ by one anoty
(land two high Mountains that are hollow wi[||
in, as if they were dug out : After the fiOik
of a Breaft-work, with points and cracki
the top, like Battlements 5 at the bottom will]
in the Hill, ftands a Snow hill that doth \4
to the very top of the Mountain, like 3 Trtj
with branches and twigj ^ the other Rockslo
fudely.
In this SoHth-Haven the Ships ride at AncliJi
between high Mountains 5 on the left as i
fail into it, is a Hill called the Beehive m
Cut C and D, marked withg^ called ToH
its refemblance of a Beehive: Clofe toitlietl
large and high Mount, Ciiled the Devils Hi((|
commonly covered with a fogg, and if the wii]
bloweth over it, it darkneth the Haven,
feemeth as if it fmoaked, filling the Havj
therewiti
n^m
to Spitsbergen.
lewith ^ on the top thereof are three fmall
te Hilh covered with Snow, in the Cut C
D, marked with kj two of them ftand
I to one another. In the middle of this
jiour is an Ifland in the Cut C marked with
(hich is called the Dead mans Jjlandybtc^iXJ^Q
i bury the dead men there after chis manner;
jy are put into a Coffin, and covered with
ap of large ftones, and norwithftanding
his, they are fometimes eaten by the white
Is.
ihave feen no other fort of Ground but
|t (tones at Spitzbergen, fo that the froft can-
ipenetrate far into fuch Ground. I admi-
that the Snow was at that time all melted
jr, and in the Cliffs between the great Rocks
(no more Snow to be feen, although the
8 were very deep. I fancy that abundance
in had fallen in the Spring, and that the
jther had been tolerable, or elfe we muO:
(feen more Snow there.
there are alfo more fmall Iflands here and
t in this Harbour, that have no particular
les, but are called Birds Iflands^ becaufe we
M thereupon the Eggs of Mountain Ducl^s
Ktrmenms,
'hen you come to Schmeremburg^ fo named
tiochmer, which fignifieth greafe ^ there are
Houfes ftanding, formerly built by the
t th, where they ufed to boil their Train-Oil.
ie Dutchmen once attempted to ftay there all
Winter, but they all peri (ht ; In the Cut C
^marked with k.
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aS The Second Part of the Voyige
': It is obfervable that a dead Carkafe dothnotl
eafily rot or confume ^ for it has been found]
that a Man buried ten years before , IVill remaio]
ed in his perfeft (hape and drefs^ and theil
could fee by the Crofs that was ftuck uponliil
Grave, how long he had been buried.
Thefe Houfes are now from year to year i\
ftroyed and burnt.
This year were yet (landing feveral Houfej
like a little Village, fome whereof were thai
burnt.
Over- again ft Schmerenburg were alfo feved
Houfes ftanding, and a Kettle or Boyler ^ m
call that place the Cookery of Harlem. This yeJ
four Houfes remained, whereof two weij
Ware-houtes, in the others they dwelt. Thfj
are built after this fa(hion, not very large ^ then
is a Stove before with a Ceiling at top, anj
behind a Chamber taking in the whole bread!
of the Houfe : The Ware-Houfes are fomethiol
larger , therein were ftill feveral Barrels
Kardels that were quite decayed^ the Ice ftadj
ing in the fame (hape the Veffels had been
An Anvile, Smith's Tongs, and other Tool
belonging to the Cookery^ were frozen up in tij
Ice. The Kettle was ftill ftanding as it w(
fet, and the wooden Troughs ftood by ii
From thence you may go to thtEtjgUfi Um\
on the other lide is the place where the deiJ
are buried 5 this is fomething even, like eanlj
but it is levelled on purpofe. Behind thef!
Houfes are high Mountains 5 if one diraetlj
IJpoq thefe, as we do on others, and dotiinoj
nil:!
to Spitzbergen.
lark every ftep with Chalk, one doth not
[now how to get down again. When you go
jn you think it to be very eafie to be done 5
hut when you are to defcend, it is very difficult
[nd dangerous, fo that many have fallen and
loft their lives.
The River there is called the Sonth Harbour,
)xhy-^ and if the Ships fufterany damage at
(ea, they refit there.
At the entry into the Sonth Harbour^ in the
/alley between the Mountains, is colleded
feat quantities of freOi Water from the Snow
[nd Rain, upon the fhoar ftand abundance of
[ardels or Barrels 5 we ufed this Water for our
^iftuals, and other occafions : It is alfo found
itheCliftsof the Icy-hills on (hoar 5 but true
Iprings out of the Ground I never faw in %'/s-
ffgm.
The (hoar there is not very high, but the
fater is deep, there was no Ice at all to be feen
1 it, from whence I conclude that it had not
een a fevere Winter; for it is impoffible that
le Ice could have been melted in fo (hort a
|me, not only here, but alfo in the Engl/fi Ha-
moxBay^ where the Ice ftood firm ftill, and
irdly lay above half a Fathom under wa-
The Ice doth melt much fooner in Salt-
water than in frelh River- water, but yet it is
ipolTible that fo thick Ice could have melted
ifolhort a time. We faw alfo that the Snow
ielted on the tops of the high Flocks, and the
\m ran down, although it was there much
colder
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30 Ti&e Second Part of the Voyage
colder then below 5 yet above and below
melted alike : Differently from what f obfervt,
fince in Spain in the Month of December m
the wind being North- we flr, when the RainfJ
below about a quarter of a League, yet above]
the Mountains were all covered with Snow,
in the ftreight Line, one not higher than 1
other, as if they had been levell'd.
In the Northern Haven or Bay^ lyeth a ve
large Mountain, flat at top 5 this Illand is q
led the Birds Song, from the great numbefj
them that build and hatch there , for whentb
fly up, they make fo great a noife, that one(
hardly hear his own words : This is marll
with ^ in the Cut D,
Befide thefe there are more T/lands named!
the Map, as the Gifted Rock^, and fuch other.
The Rehenfeld is a low Land, and it iscall|
fo from the Deer commonly feen there.
I was informed that it is all Slats, that h{
up edgewife, fo that it is very troublefooie
go on, it is all over-grown with Mofs. Thtj
is a Hill upon it that looketh like fire.
Behind the Rehenfeld^xt highMountainsagaij
they are not pointed at top, they lye as it m
in a Line 5 by the Rehenfeld runs up a River i|
to the Country, and is called the Halfmon^
from its fhape. On the other fide of the Rivj
is a Mountain, flat at the top, and full of cral
all filled up with Snow. Then cometh (11
Liefde-Bay (Bay of Love^ where two Hilj
ftand together very like unto Sfitzkr^tn
to Spitzbergen.
SUdaUffs Bay, and thofe two Harbours are very
luch like one another.
Then we come to lower Ground behind the
Mujlk Harbour, where the Grafs was fo high,
[hat it covered our ankles, as far as we went.
Next is the Weihgatt^ or the Straits of Hinde*
bfetf. The Wethgatt is called fo from the Winds,
iorwdhen fignifieth blowing ) becaufe a very
Irong South- wind bloweth out of it. On the
hir-Haveft, upon the Land, are all red ftones.
Behind the Wetghatt followeth the South-mjh
jfid, which is alfo low ^ it feemeth as if it was
lorned with fmall Hills; Then follow the feven
Unds which we could fee.
We fsw no Ships go any farther, neither
)uld I underftand that ever any Ships did go
irther, nor can they go fo far every year to-
wrds the Eaft, becaufe of the. danger of the
Ice that fwimeth, and is brought from thence
|y the wind and Itream.
In Maji^nd jf//»eisthe beft fifhing in the Ice
ftween the I/lu»d of John Mayen and Sp'itz»-
trim. In July and AugH(h the Whales run Eaft-
?ard by Spitzhergen, we faw at the latter end
lany Whales that run to the Wetghatt, It is un-
jown whether the Haven of this Wetghatt go-
^h through the Country, or no. But this is
3t that Wetghatt whereof fo many things are
written.
More I do not know of this Country. Rocks
jid Snow and Ice-hills we ^nd in abundance
be, and the Creatures that lite upon them, I
all defcribe hereafter.
CHAP.
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32
The Second part of the V»yagt
CHAP. II.
Of the S E J.
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'''4.
TH E Waves begin to raife themfelv
firfl: from a fmall breeze of wind, and
the increafe and continuance of the breeze tl
grow longer, higher and bigger.
The Sea is not immediately made rou
the beginning of high winds, but .the Wi
fwell by degrees and flowly, until they i
to be as big as Mountains 3 then they ex
and break themfelves, and fall over with i
ing and foaming, as you may fee by k, in
Cut D.
Then the following Wave from behind
eth it again, with much curled and foanj
Scum , neatly fpoted with the white Foi
looking like Marble. This breaking and 10;
ing of the Waves is fucceflively repeated.
So the fwelling Waves continually follow
another, moving before the Wind with a f
motion, but when thefe Waves are (hort, tl
daih over the Ship, and break much, fo 1
the Ship is hardly able to live.
In ftormy Weather little Waves curl on
top of the great ones, and klTer again ii|
them-
n
to Spitzbergcn.
'he Ships ^o not feel thefefmaller Waves but
jy th^ i^reit ones, that are Cilled Sea-Moun-
js, which heave and mount the Ship with
but ncverthelefs fhe always keeps her
|it way through thele unpithed Waves, which
^fjndertul to behold.
in a hard (lorm the froth of the Sea drives
duft, andlookech as when the wind driveth
iSnow along upon the Ice, or as the Duft of
Earth does in dry weather, and you fee the
every where to look like curled Ice, that
len it is a freezing is hind red from it by the
id, all covered with a white foam, and one
ive blows over the precedent, with a great
iring and noife, as if a Water-mill were a
|ng 5 and this fame noife the Ships make
wife when they cut through the Sea.
litis alfo 10 be obfervcd, that the Waves dalh
linft one another when the wind changeth,
crofs over through one another, with great
ling over the Ships, before they move all one
the fame way.
|I did not obfcrve here the Sea- water fo clear,
found it fo fait as near the Ice 5 it may be
reafon of the (hallow ground or bottom,
the many frefti Rivers that run into it 5 or
caufe the Froft cleareth the water more.
I Concerning the manner of their Sailing % they
fland change their Ways and Sails according
Ithey think fit. If there be a frelh Gale, they
ike life of all their Sails ^ if a dorm, with the
m lowermoft Sails, whereof they call the firi^
FooJ^Qt Fore-fail^ themiddiemoll: Schumfer or
D MitinSail
37
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^4 T/;e Second fart of the Voyaae
Mainfaily and the third the Daf an or Mi
fail.
In hard dorms they furl the fore Sail ai
fail only with the Main-Sail and the Mii
fail.
In the greatefl: ftorm of all, with thefe Si|
reefed or hilf tied in, as they call it, orw
the Mizenfail half furled up^ this rhey
becaufe the Ship goeth the ftedier by real
of the wind, or elfe it would rowleroom
up and down in the Sea, and the water wo
dafti in too much on the fides thereof.
One man ftands always at the Helm to (li
the Ship, but in hard weather ten men can han
ly hold the Helm, wherefore they fatten itv
a Tackle, and fo let it go too and fro, as
Compafs direQs them.
In and after a ftorm we have ofrenti
ftrangers come to vifit us in our Ships, i
Blaclibirds^ Starlings^ and all forts of fmall Bii
that have loft their way in a ftorm from ihelani
and fly to the Ships to fave themfelves, a
prolong their lives, when others fly about t|
they are fpent, and then fall into the Sea, ai
are drowned.
The Ltmbs^ and other Water-fowl, comeni
near us ^ which I mention on purpofe to coi
fute the erroneons Opinion of fome, that b
lieve that the before- mentioned Birds coir?
the Ships as MefTengers, to bring the ill news
bad weather.
Yet notwithftanding, thefe following iigns
marks commonly fore- tell a ftorm or hard w
the!
to Spitzbergen.
ler, when great Fifh come near fo the Ships
greit numbers, when they Play, Dance, rowl
Ibout, and leap out of the water, which is not
Iways playing in them, but rather their Bodies
re a ill "lifted with ibme pain or other. Wefaw
tveral l^/Wc/ intheSea, that threw themf^lves
)outas if they were Sick, or a Dyinp;.
When the Sea is tempeftuous, it is not to be
lought that it doth proceed from the Sea only.
It a hard and tempelluous f>orm and wind fol-
iweth upon it, that fendeih the Waves like
lelTengers before it, until it arriveth it feif with
temptfl 5 but this is not to be underftood of
le Nurthfea, but only of the Sea betwixt Hit-
lianJ Spitzbergen.
When the Air is fo difpofed, as the Stars do
)t only look bigger, but as if they were more
number alfo, it is a great Prognoftication,
idolten proveth true alfo 5 It isafignthat
le Air is full of MiO, which caufetb upon
langing of the Frort, great foggs, and a high
find follows fcon after.
At night, when the Sea daOieth very much,
(bines like fire, the Sea-men call it burning :
fhis (hining is a very bright glance, like unto
le lulbe of a Diamond.
But when the Sea (hines. vehemently in a dark
Sght, and burns 5 a South or Weft-wind follow-
}h airer it.
At the ftern of the (hip, were the water is cut
irough, vou fee at night very deep under water,
ibbles rife and break, then this (binning or
»ftre is not there.
D 2 Hitherto
35
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36 The Second Part of the Voyage
Hitherto we have difcourfed ot the North
fea, bin next of the Waves between Hitlandu]^
SpUzbergen ^ near Hitland the ftream runnetl
very fwift toward the North, and it grows daily
colder. I
It is to beobferved, that here the Waves of|
the Sea run longer, almoft as they do befori
the narrow Channel between England anj
Francexa the Spanljh Sea, (and what hath
obferved heretofore of the rowling and toffini
of the Sea belongeth properly to this ) with
continual toiling of the Ships, which makethtlii
men Sea-fick.
The vomiting and iicknefs is attributed t
the Sea-water ^ but it really proceedeth fro
the great and continual motion of the Body
when oftentimes we are forced to creep on
four.
Neither Meat nor Drink tafts well, the he
akes and is giddy, and they are always reacli
ing to vomit. Coftivenefs of the Body doti
generally accompany this Diftemper, and i
Urine is highly tinged. I reckon it no moii
then if one is not ufed to ride in Coaches
Waggons ^ only that it is always accompanle
with a bad ftomach and reftlefnef^.
The beft Remedies for this Di temper I
lieve, are Aromaticks chewed in ones mouti
as Cinamon, Cloves, Gai^ngal, Ginger, Nut'
megs, and the like. Many think to drive ttii
Diftemper away with fafting, but they wif
find themfelves miftaken. Some drink St
water, and believe that will make them vi
to Spitxbergcn.
it, which notsvith Handing is not occafioned
)y the Sea-water, but by the ioathibmnefs thcre-
To take away the ill tafte out of ones
louth, in my Opinion, the beft means is to
Lat and Drink Plentifully, it eafeth quickly 5
^either ought one to Sleep too much, but keep
the Air, and look into the Wind, and to
^alk up and down in the Ship is alfo very pro-
)er.
But no A' let us return to the Waves again,
ley Riie, although it be not Windy, as high
Mountains very Tmooth, and run away as far
one can difcern them, which is to be under-
wood when the Sea is turbulent, whereupon
lickly a hard Gale of Wind followeth. In a
[ormthe Waves run after the fame manner, as
ijufl; now faid, but with many curling and
iming whirls, as is defcribed in the (torm of
le North-fea. Thefe Waves run a great way,
that you may fee between them at a great
Iftance.
If any Ships be in your Company, oftentimes
3u cannot fee them.
Thefe Waves are a great deal larger then in
North-fea, and have alio greater power
len they fall over, but do not daOi fo cafily
[er the Ships as they do in the North-fea.
le Waves in the North-fea ^re prefently lay'd
^r a ftorm, but the commotion of thefe laft-
often to the third day ^ if it be never fo
the Ships are moved very violently, that
cannot walk, fit, or lie 5 it is befl to keep
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The Second Part of the Voyage
in the middle of the Ship, for before and
hind the Sea beats hard againl\ them. Th^d
are driven againft the MaU, and have no M
refs from the Wind. If in a brisk GaleotI
full Wind the Sails are all full and Round,
Ship fails beft upon the Sea.
There is as great difference in Ships, an
Sailing, as there is in Horfes, concerning i]
(inefs and fwiftnefs 5 the motion of the it
is therefore different -^ the Hilnefs and f,j
ctnefs , when nothing is tumbled up anJ (io.|
in the Ship , furthereth alfo (ailing vsl
much.
The Ships fwim foraething higher in
Sea then they do in Frefh-water ^ for therel
almoft a foot difference in a Ship with the {i
loading;. Tis generally agreed upon, ihatcl
may fee a Ship in a calm Sea three, or m
and a half German Miles oil, and be) end A
diftance the Sea lofeth it felf in the Air, aj
the Air in the Sea. If a Ship faileth on
main Sea at one and half Gcrw^// Miles diftd
you hive loft the fight of half the Ship;[
two Miles you fee only the uppermoft Mai
at three Miles diftance you fee only thePkj
and when it goeth farther, you have quite
it.
Land and Mountains may be feen atagril
diftance at Sea ^ we faw Spitzbergen at twelj
Miles diftance off at Sea^ the Country \m
like a black Cloud full of white ftroaks, as is
the Cut D marked with a^ b, c, g, h, /. Nq
the Ice of this Sea it is coldeft where the Wa?
M
^^m.
to Spitzbcrgcn.
quitt^ anJ the Sea water is fo clear, that
twdve and more Fathoms deep you may (ee
|e bottom. There is no j];round to be found
}ar tlif Ice to drop an Anchor.
IcisaHo to be obferved, that according to
|e colour ot the Skies, the colour of the Sea
chan2;ed. U the Skies be clear, the Sea
)ks as blew :is a Saphir -^ if it is covered fome-
lat with Clouils^ the Sea is as green as an
leralJ; it' there be a foggy Sun-(hine, it look-
yello V ^ if it be quite dark, like unto the
lour of hctico ; in l^ormy and cloudy weather,
ce black Sope, or exactly like unto the colour
bhck Lead.
If the Wind be quire Calm, one may hear
[ating or knocking at a great diftance on the
fa, by which we alfo obfcrve the Whale
wrs, as Qiall be mentioned in its proper
lace. .
Among the Ice the ftream runs Southwards,
Ihich weobferved by our driving back a great
ay. At the Mnfcle-Haven the ftream ran North-
ards. Thofc that Sail Yearly to thofe places,
Innot give any certain information concerning
ping and flowing ^ only they have obferved
k water to be higher about the Land, when
|e winds have been higher then at other times.
p this I have alfo obferved, that if there was
orderly or continual ebbing and flowing,
[eE^gs of the Birds would be drowned upon
ellbnds.
D 4
Certain
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40 The Second Part of the Voyage
Certain information, concerning the ebbb
and flowing, is not cafily to be had, I knoJ
no more of it then what I have writ
ten.
CHAP. I[L
Of the ICE.
IN the Months of April and May the u:
Ice breaks, becaufe it lyeth Weft ward, vvhi
drives difperfcd in the Sea, by the Kland of ]((
Majieft, and reacheth to Spiizhergcff, where
that time it was firm flill, as youmayJcLini
Plate A marked with e.
The ditl'ercncc between the Ice of SpHzUri
and tha.t oi our Country, is, that it is not lmo(
there, fo as to Hide upon it.
Neither is it fo clear nor traniparent, noni
(harp and cuitinc», but a great deal harder, and
not eafily broke or fplit : but it looketh likeftu;
to the Ground Ice ofthe Rivers in our Counnj
or like unto Loaf-fugar.
Where the Ice is fixed upon the Sea, youfi
afnow-white brightnefs in the Skies, as if
Sun (hired, for the Snow is refleded by theAii
juft as a File by Night is 5 but at a difrsrieyoi
lee the Air blew or blackilh : Where thert isn
ny fmall Ice-fields, that are as the Meadows ti
the Scales, you fee no luftre or brightnefs of tlii
Skies- T-J
^1^
to Spirzbergen.
^ The Sea dafheth againfl: thefe Ice-fields, which
Iccalioncth (everal fine Figures^ not that they
|re naturally framed fo, but juft as Ice flowers
00 our Glafs-windows, get all forts of figures;
for thefe are framed by the dalhing of the Sea,
pkeunto Mountains, Steeples, Tables, Chappels,
ind all forts of Beafts.
Thefe Ice-fields are a great deal deeper under
li^jter, then they are high above if, and arc of
^ paler colour nnder Water than above ^ the top
^f them might be called the Kernel and Marrow
j^f the Ice, becaufe the colour is much deeper
|ien that of the other.
1 The higheft colour is delicate Blew, of the
fme colour with the Bleweft Vitriol, fome-
fhatmore tranfparent, yet not fo clear as that in
[ur Country, which you may fee through, let
be never fo thick ^ it is as hard as a ftone,
i(i it is not eaiily fplit or cleav*d, becaufe it
rpungy, like unto a Pumice ftone. Among
lis Ice the Ships fail up and down, until they
)nie to bigger Ice- fields, for the fmall ones
:umber the Sea, that the Ships fail often a-
lalnlr iheni and perilh, for when the winds
[rile the Waves drive againft the Ice-fields, as
I it W.IS againft Rocks, and beat the Ships to
>ieu's.
When we are paffed by thefe fmail Ice-
leltls that fwim at a great diftance from one
Kuhtr, then we fail in between them, and
iraw a [m\\[ Ice-field behind the ftern of our
lip, that it may be the fooner ftopt, and
fpt fr.ai fwift Sailing, without letting the
Sails- ft rikc,
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42 T6e Second part of the Voyage
Sails ftrike, forelfe it might eafily run againf||
an Ice-field. Every Ship's mafter is left toy
free will, whether he will fail into the Ice, J
caufe in the Spring the Whales are in fireJ
numbers feen there in the Wefl Ice^ as they ca!!!
It.
The Matters do not willingly fail in amon^J
the Ice, when it is dark, or toggy, or Oorir.iJ
which muft be expected in the Spring, andt'f
fmiil (heets of Ice fwim up and down in [\\
Sea, which the Skippers muft avoid, led theJ
lofe their Ships.
It may ieem fomething ftrange, that they fij
fo often to the Ice and back again, but therj
is the fame reafon for it as in hunting aiK|
Deer, if we do not find Whuks in one place,
we ranft feek them in others 5 for the foituc)
in ketching of Whaks is like the Chances
Gaming, and there is no great underftandinl
required to find them : fome fee and carchraorj
rhan they defire, and others but at half amikl
diftance from them, fee not one, which is veff
common.
When they go in amongft the Ice, t!ij
Men ftand ready with great Ice- hooks rokefj
them oft, that the Ship may not run agair
them.
The farther you fail into, • and amongft (i
Ice, the greater Ice-fields you (hall (ee, iothjl
you cannot look over them 5 for about liip xh(
Weft, as they call it, are larger Ice-fields to!
feen then d^hom SpHzbergen^ quite white at tlij
Top, covered with Snow, fo that there isbuj
to Spit7bergen.
walking upon them, becaufe you fall deep
itothe Snow. (See A marked with /, and B
larked c. )
The prints of the Bears footing we faw on
le (hoar of the Ice-fitlds, for they feek their
'rey in the water, which is the dead Carkafes
lfthel[7Wfj, the Foxes generally accompanv
|hem, for their choicer food of Birds is here
:arcer than at Spttzbergen^ for they flock not
)gether, but Hy fingly.
VVhen they fail fome Miles into the Ice,
^here there is pretty large Ice-fields, they joyn
[heir Ships to them with great Ice-hooks, faft-
^ed to flrong Cables, where they lie at Anchor,
jveral Ships about the fame Ice-field, but they
[ather chofe to be alone, becaufe they are an
kindrance to one another in /I7j.^/^- catching,
Ind the hunting of them from one to another
liketh them (hie.
Amongii: the Ice we find no great Waves,
)iitit is prcity fmooth, even when it is fome-
Am flormv. All the danger is from one Ice-
field leini? bifj'ger then the other, and the
|itt!e on-s (Wiming fafter than the great ones,
^hlch often caufeth a ftopp?ge, fo that they
Iruwd upon one another, not without great
inger of the Ships, which are often catcht
Mween, and broken by them. See the Plate B
Tht Seamen hinder the prefiing on of the Ice
Is much as in them lieth, with great Ice-hooks 5
)ut what fmall help this afFordeth them daily
pperience teftifies fufficiently. In fair weather
the
43
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4/j, T6<? Second Part of the Voyage
the mifchief is as foon done as in tempefluoi
becaufe the Ice drives in the Sea either withti
(kream or wind, as either of them is the mon
prevalent, cralhing and grinding againft eac!
other whence the danger arifes to the Ships, f^
after fuch a manner many Ships perifh. Si
Plate B,
Thty fay that a dead IV hale tied to the Shi
is the belt defence againft the Ice. cWi
bang the Tails and Fins ?bout their Ship, wh
way is not to be rejerted, for it is of greatuij
to them to prevent the danger of the fqiieez'
of the Ice 5 they have examples, that in foc|
fqueezing of the Ice a dead IVhate h-ith prelerv
them.
The Ice rifes out of the Sea as high as
Mountain ^ the ftriking of them together raal
fo great a noife, that one can hardly hearl
own words ^ and from this joyning together
the Ice, the great Ice-hills are made, that dri
up and down in the Sea.
Other great Ice fields are not fo high asti
Ice hills, yet notwithftanding they are hard!]
ever quite plain, and without a Hill 5 you ff
the Ice under water as deep as you can fee.
is all of a blew colour, but the deeper you Icol
the purer blew you fee^ which beautiful colom
changes with the Air, for if it be rainy weathei
this colour growcth paler. I alfo have oftfi
feen the Ice underneath the water very gree
the occafion whereof was the troubled Aii
whence the Sea aiTumeth this colour.
1 won
■R
■'^'r
to Spitzbergcn.
\ wonder that upon the largefl: Ice-fields
high Mountains are feen, as are feen where
Ice grinds and dafhes one againft the o-
11 am of opinion, that the Ice melts to-
lirds the bottoms^ for one may Tee it fpungy 5
IT elfe , if one would compute from the
nnning, it muft have reached the very
)und, "even in the middle of the depth of the
have feen in Spitzbergen white Ice that
^s frozen quite curled, it look'd juft like Su-
'Candy , was very hard and thick , and
[am even with the Seas furface. The Ships
not always in this danger of Squeezing,
oftentimes there is little or no Ice to be
there, although you are a great way in
place where it ufually is ^ but as foon as a
[ndarifes, you would admire from whence fo
fata quantity of Ice (hould come in lefs then
Ihours time.
It the greateft ke-fields of all, Ships do not
^ays ride the fafeft 5 fince by reafon of the
knefsand the motion of the Sea, thefe Ice-
[ds break, not without danger.
tofuch Ice-fields break they part a fund er,
^ich caufeth a Whirl pool in the Sea, where
the out-parts prefs to the Center, and by
kt means the pieces of the Ice-fields raife
Welves up, and dafh and grind againft each
\er.
Vhen we came to 71 degrees in the Month of
•■i/we faw the firft Ice, and fo we failed up
and
45
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j^6 The Second Part of the Voyage
and down by the Ice, until that Month m
fpent, for fo early in the Year no body daJ
venture himfelf into or amongft the Ice,
reafon of the ftormy winds 5 and fometim^
the Ice is IHll fixed, and ftands firm, and thj
fore there is but a few Whales feen, for iindej
neath the Ice they cannot breathe.
Into the Ice we failed at 77 degrees and:j
minutes, and drove with that (heet of Iceiii
wards the South. In this Month, and alio
the following Month of May, are the irioi
Whales feen here, which run towards the Eaij
and we follow them all along by the Leij
Spitsbergen,
Near to the Land fmaller Ice-fields are fed
becaufe the Ice cannot give way by reafon i
the Land, which caufeth greater grinding an
breaking, and upon that account fmaller
than is in the open Sea. Yet for all this, fon
greater Ice-Mountains are feen there, that ftaoj
firm on the (hoar, and never melt at botton
but increafe every year higher and higher,
reafon of the Snow that falls on them, aDJ
then Rains that freezes, and then Snow agai|
alternately 5 and after this manner the Icy-hilf
increafe yearly, and are never melted by tlij
heat of the Sun at the Top. Thefc Le-Mounf
change their firft colour in time by the Air,
Rain and by the Clouds 5 and the taireli bleij
that can be,is feen in the cracks of thefe Ice hi
From thefe fame Ice- hills, oftentimes break oj
great pieces, that fwim in the Sea, and is nior|
corapa<!i than the other Ice by far, I oiiceu^
om
I/l'
to Spitsbergen.
iu of thefe pieces that was curioufly workt
(nd carved, as it were, by the Sea, like a
thurch with arched Windows and Pillars, the
)oors and Windows hung full of Icikles, on
le incide thereof I faw the delicateft blew that
in be Imagined 5 it was bigger than our Ship,
id fomewhat higher than our ftern, but how
Ecp it was under water, I cannot exaftly tell,
lear i nto the Mufcle-Huven^ a great Ice-hill
ime ciriving towards our Ship, that was as
jigh <jS our Poop, and went fo deep under wa-
k that it took up our Anchor, which hy fif-
^en Fathoms deep. I have alfo feen feveral
jhers, and of other figures, viz. round and
)urfquare Tables, with round and blew Pil-
irs underneath, as in Plate B marked with f :
|ie Table was very fmooth and plain at the top,
)d white with the Snow 5 at the fides hung
)wn a great many Icikles clofe to one another,
it a iringed Table-cloth 5 I believe that near
)rty Men might have fat about it. I have feen
thele Tables with one Foot, and with two
three Pillars, and abundance of Seales fwara
)ut ic. The Dirties that furnifhed this Table,
^ere a piece of Ice like an Horfes Head, and a
m, I doubt they were but fait. You mud:
Jferve that this Ice becometh very fpungy by
JledafhitJg of the S^d^^ and from thence grows
[it, like Sea- water, and thence alfo changeth
colour, vi^L. from the Sea and Rain-water
|ixt with ic^ for you (liall commonly fee the
iter look blew or yellow, if you walk under
Iter, with your h^yes open, and look upwards.
The
47
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48 The Seccnd part of the Voyage
The other Ice, as far as it is above water
of a tafte like other Ice, but that below the sj
fait like the Sea-water.
When we arrived at Spitzhergcn^ the Ice
Rehenfeh was as yet ^x^d^ biu a tew days atte]
wards it was driven away by the Willis.
The Ice begirts thefe Countries on ill (iJej
as the Wind fcts either from the Ifland of 'ji
Mayeff^ Old Greenland^ stnd Nova Zc^hla. \|
found at this time that the Ice reached from tl
other fide of SpHzbergen^ and the Ships failj
between the Ice and the Land, as if it wereiil
River.
As foon as this Ics is drove thither bji
winds, the Ships muft give way, or go into!
Harbour, until the Winds have blown or driJ
the Ice away, or elfe they are loft 5 but if tJij
be other Ships that efcape, the Men are faveij
On this Ice I did not fee many Sea- Horn
but a great many Sea-Horfesy and many Bi|
and Fowl.
We failed ftill on till wc faw the Seven Jfiiii\
but could go no farther.
CHi
sm
to Spitzbergcn.
C li A P. IV.
Of the AIR.
'HE Froft is unconftant in onr Country
but it is not To in Spitzhergeft, In the
3nth of April, at 7 1 degrees, ic was fo cold
at we could hardly kt^ep warmth within us.
ky fay that in this Month, as alfo in Majf^
hardeft Frofts happen every year.
[All the R.!gging, by reafon of its being wet,
covered over with Ice, and ftifF.
[Theydo not fend th-^ir Ships To foon as they
a few years a[7,o, and yet they come time e-
[igh there, for if they arrive too early, there
ling for them to do, becaufe the Ice is
;yetdi(lipated, and therefore but £qw Whales
feen.
In the two fiifl: Summer Months of Spjtzher-
\, their Teeth chatter in their Heads common-
and the Appetite is greater than in any other
Jntries.
The Sun fets no more after the third day
Mitji^ and we were about 71 degrees,
en we could fee as well by Night as by day.
annot fay much of conftancy of the wea-
in thefe two firlt Months^ for it chang-
|(laily. They fay alfo, if the Moon appears
ady and mifty, with a ftreaky Sky, that
E then
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50 The Second fart of the Voyage
then there commonly follows a ftorrn. Wlia
ther the Moon doth prognofticatc fuch ftormj
\ cannot tell, becanfe we have oblerved, ilil
after we have feen the Moon, in a clear ^J
the Air has grown foggy, which happenetluj
ten, chiefly if the wind changes. WhcniJ
Hills fhow fiery, it is from Foggs, which m
fpread themfelves every where, and the Cull
encreafeth : Thefe Foggs look blew, likeMJ
and black afar off, which upon changini; of il
Weather are driven along by the wind, {otlii
in lefs than half an hour the Sea is (o coveJ
with a thick Fogg, that you can hardly lee fe{
one end of the Ship to the other.
On the 14th of May the Air was bright acj
clear, and yet very cold 5 we could feei
Whales farther off in the Sea, then uluallyj
this time : We could not diQingui(h theiij
from the Sea, for it (hewed as if the Ships di!
ced in the Air like naked Trees or Poles.
After the fame manner Spltzbergen looks ^i|
diftance like a Cloud ^ the Mountains are foi
fleded by the Sea, that he that knows noti
Country very well, cannot eafily difcernitffc|
the Air^ andfo other Countries very oftenil
pear. The other three Months, Jnm^^JHljii
Afigftfi, were, very calm. j
Concerning the Cold, it is much accordial
to the quality of the W'nds ^ fo North andl
winds caufe very intenfe Frofts ^ (o thatoj
can hardly keep alive, efpecially if thetfiof
blows hard.
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Weft an^ South winds, vvhenfomewhatcon-
ftant, caufc much Snow, and fometimes Rain
alio, an(i mod era re cold.
The other winds of the 32, according to the
Compafs, whatever names they have, are chan-
ged by the Clouds, (o that (omeiimes when the
wind WIS South weO and by South in one place,
at a few Miles diftance, there blows quite ano-
ther wind.
What heat the Sun oftentimes affords we faw
by onr Eyes watering, and the tears that ran
conrinu'liy down our Cheeks. Yet this fevere
Col J is not alvvays, as is already mentioned,
for if it were, how could any Herbs grow
there.
Neither is there every year a conftancy of
winds or weather ruled by the Moon, but an
alteration, as is in other places, fometimes a
milder, and fometimes a feverer Winter.
Skilful Shipmafbers and Harponeers, com-
Imend thofe years for Whale catching, that have
|notmany foggy and cloudy days.
Whether, according to the New and full
IMoons, the Spring- tydes happen, cannot be
[known.
Such clear Skies as we have fometimes in a
[Summers day, with pleafant curled Clouds, I
have not feen at Spitzbergen ^ but en the contra^
fy, feveral dark and foggy ones. Rifing Thun-
Wer-clonds I have not feen, nor ever heard of
[any body that had (een them.
Above the Ice the Air appears white, from
[whence we Know where the firm or fixed Ice
E z lies.
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52 T&e Second Part of the Voyage
lies, as 1 have before obferved in the Chapter of
the Ice.
In the two lad Summer Months, chiefly in
July, before the IVeighatt, the Sun (liin'd fo
warm, that the Tarr of the Ship between the
Scames, where the wind could not come at it
melted.
There is hardly any difference of Cold be-
tween Night and Day, yet at Night when the
Sun (hineth, it feemeth to one that rightly
confidereth it, as if it was only clear Moon-
light, fo that you may look upon the Sun, as
well as you can upon the Moon 5 fo that there-
by one may diftinguilh Night and Day from
each other. Increafe of Cold, and changing
of the Compafs, we did not obferve as farai
we went.
It is alfo to be obferved, that the Froft doti
not let a dead Body be confumed eafily in the
Ground, as is already obferved, in the Chapter
of the Defcription of Spitzkrgen.
The fecond day of Angv/i^ in our Voyage
homeward, we obferved the Sun firft to fet.
Concerning the Meteors generated in thf
Air, I obferved that the Rime fell down in the
ftiape of fmall Needles of Snow into theSei,
and covered it as if it was fprinkled ailovei
with Duft : thefe fmall Needles increai^jd more
and more, and lay as they fell crofs one ovei
the other, and looked very like 3. Cobwebj
they are form'd by the cold of the Air, and
increafed to that degree, that the Sea leemed
covered by them, as with a Skin, or attndet
Chapter of
chiefly in
(liin'd fo
:tvveen the
:ome at it,
• Cold be-
when the I
:iat rightlf
lear Moon-
^e Sun, ail
that there-
1 Day from
d changing!
ve as fan
i Frod dotlil
eafily inikl
the Chaptei
our VoyagJ
•ft to let.
Lted in tW
down in M
nto the Sei,
led allove:
rreafed mote
)(s one ovei
1 Cobwebi
K Air, and
i Sea leemei'
or a tcndet'
Ice,
to Spitzbergen.
Ice, which hid the tafte of Fre(h-\7iiter j as
alio the Sea-water that is taken up into the high
Air is changed, and falleth down again in fweet
orfrelhRain.
This hjpneth in clear Siin-(hine and iiifenfe
cold weather, and it falleth down as the Dew
doth with us at Night invifibly, in dull wea-
ther^ when the Sun doth not iliine, you can-
not fee this 1^ but you fee it plainly, if you look
v/hen the Sun (hines towards a (hady place 5
for then it fparkles as bright as Diamonds 5
(hews like the Atoms in Sun-(hine, all day long
it falleth in fo fmall Particles, that nothing
Ifticks or hangs on your Cloaths of it make them
wet.
At Noon when the Sun (liines very warm,
thefe fmall Needles melt in the Air, and fall
^.down infenfibly like Dew.
Sometimes we fee in our Country, fome-
thinga little like thefe fmall Needles, which
th what we call Rime, and falleth from the
Trees in Atoms like Duft. This is fmall Snow,
pnd may be (een as well in the Shade as in tfie
!un. Thefe Needles are not the Exhalation or
apour that ufes in cold weather, to flick to
ihe Hair of Men and Beifts. I muft not forget,
lat we fee in thefe falling Needles a Bow like
Fvain-bow of two colours, white and a pale
'ellovv, like the Sun, reflected by the dark Sha-
lows of the Clouds.
After this I proceed to the Defcription of
other Bow, which I call a Sea-bow. This
i^sea when the Sun (hines clear and bright,
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54 Tfe^ Second Fart of the Voyage
not in the great Waves, but in the Atmofphere
of the Sea-water, which the Wind blows up,
and which looks like a Fog. Commonly we kt
this before the Ship, and fome times alio be-
hind to the Lee- ward ( fo they call that fide of
the Ship towards the Sea ) over-againft the Sud,
where the Shadow of the Sail fallith. It is m\
the Shadow of the Sail, but a Bow Qiewethii
felf in the Shadow of the Sail. We fee thii
pleafant reflexion, in the fmal I drops ut th;
Salt- water of feveral colours, like the Rain-
bows in the Skies, that are feen over-a«^ainfti[i{|
dark Clouds.
This brings to my Mind another Phaenom
nor, viz. that in the Clouds near the Sun, J
very bright Light is feen, like a Perelion o;|
Mock- Tun. Thefe Lights are called Weathsi
galls by the Sea men.
This bright Light we find in the loweMiiol|
Air, in the dark (liady Clouds, that are notur,
like to a Cloud of fVain, becaufe it is full
drops, wherein the Sun is reprefented, asihirgi
are in a Looking-glafs.
This clearnefs of the Sun caufeth a Heat,
which drives from it a R.ain-bow, figured
the Sun, which bow are the Drops that byitii
Heat of the Sun are changed into a Vapour
Fog, and this Vapour (hews like fmoak intlii
Air, when the Cold remits, wherein ihffeCo
lours are no more feen.
But in thefe raifed Drops, as aforefaid, tin
Suu reprefents it felf, and caufeth theieCo
lours, which are truly diftin^, and repreleci
^(^Spitzbergcn.
lew, Yellow and Eled^ which are the three
rimary Colours of the Bow.
Concerning the bignefs thereof, ! did confi-
der and minded the Bow that f Taw in SpitZ"
irgtrt, and found that it moved about with the
un by Day and by Night, and that it appeared
much bigger in the Morning, Evening and at
Night, than in the Day-time.
I will not mention the Whirlwinds which
are unknown in thefe cold Countries ^ that
fed to take up the Water into the Air : But
et I will not omit the fmall Whirlwinds,
hat poceed from the hi^h Mountains, from
whence the Wind recoils, and fo turneth round
about.
We fee farther in SpUzhergen, that the Sea as
well as the other Waters., fends forth a Vapour,
when the Cold encreafes , which Vapour is
turned into Rain in the Air, or into Snow, and
it fmelleth like a Fog or fteaming Water.
It is likewife an Obfervation there, that
when we fee great Vapours or Fogs in the Air,
and that fuch a Vapour rifeth almoft every
moment in a clear Sun-lbiny Day, without
Wind or other Caufes, the cold Weather is a-
bout to remit: But when the Air is overbur-
dened by thefe Vapours, the Clouds are diffi-
pited, and they laft a great while with con*
(iant Wind. Such Vapours as we fee in the
Air, ftick to our Cloaths and Hair like
Sweat.
Out of thefe fmall vaporous Drops the Snow
is firft generated s Firft of all you fee a fmall
E 4 Drop,
55
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^6 The Second Part of the Voyage
Drop, as big as a fingle Sand in the Plate £
marked with A. This is augmented oi; enj
creafed by the Fog, until it cometh to be lili!
unto a Shield or Plate with Cix corners as cleai
and tranfparent as Glafs, to thefe fix cornej
fticks the Fog like Drops, as B, then it freez
and fplits afunder, fo that you fee the Figurei
a Star, as C which yet is ftill frozen togetherj
until in time it is quite parted or divided aluti
der one from the other, and then you fel
a Star with Cm Points, as D. which Points arj
.. not yet quite frozen, becaufe there are Kill
hanging fome wet drops between the Points
until at length it aflumes the perfcd Formoi
a Star, wirh Points ferrated at the fides, 1
Feme, on the Points whereof ftill hang fonit|
Drops, as you fee at £, which are loft at laft,
and lo it is turned into an exadt and perfedl
Star: And this is the Formation of the fnowf
Star, which is feen in the fevereft Froft lo
long until at laft it loofeth all its Points. Seef,
as to the many forts of Snow that fall in %2
hergefg , and in what Weather f have mails
theie following Obfervations and Diftindioni,
Number i. in the Plate of E, (heweth the
Snow that falleth, when it is tolerable cold
and rainy withal, then it falls like unto (mall
Rofes, Needles and fmall Corns. When ths
cold Weather doth remit the Snow falleth lile
Stars, with many points like the Leaves ol
Feme. Plate E. Numb. 2. If it be only a
Fog, and it fnoweth much, it looketh ns yoo
fee Numb. 3. If it is very cold and windy like
to Spitzbergen.
iumb. 4 When it is very cold and not w in-
ly withal, the Snow falleth like unto the Stars
1 a clnfter, bccaufe the Wind cannot bIov7
lem afunder, like Numb, f . When the Wind
|as North'iVeli^ or the Skies were thick of
[icuds, and it was ftormy withal, there fell Hail
bt was round and oblong all over full of
rickels, and of the fame bignefs as you fee it
Number 6.
There is many more forts of ftarry Snow to
feen, with more Points, and fome like unto
leart, but they are all generated after the fame
inner, by the Eaftern and Northern Winds.
le neediy Snow is generated by Wefterly
id Southerly Winds: If the Snow is not
tfperfed by the Wind, it falleth down in cluft-
is.
But when the Wind driveth it, Stars or Need-
only fall , every piece by it felf, like the
toms in the Sun.
Thus much have I obferved hitherto of the
low, ?.r.dfind thatalfo when it is cold and a
|orth Wind blows, all forts of Snow, both
irry and of other (hapes, f -ill as well in thefe
)untries as in Spitzbergen.
The End of the Second Part,
57
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58
THE
T tl I R i) PA RT
O F T H E
V O Y A G
TO
STirZ'BERGEN:
CHAP, I
Of the Plants of Spitsbergen.
C"^Enerally the Figures of the Plants I !i?i|
J prefent you with, were all drawn by t!
Life upon the place when they were frelb, jf
of their natural fize, except the Rock-puf
with but one Leaf, and the Plant like Hofij
Tail, that ftands by it, which becaufe of tlifj
largenefs could not be well drawn to big
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to Spitsbergen.
Life. All the Herbs and the MofL^s grow
|n the Grit and Sand of the Stones, where
Water hllLth down, and on that fiJe of the
which the Kalt and North Winds cannot
ly Lome at. The Plants owe much of thcii
Vthto the Dung of the Birds.
fkre wc^ie a great many final I Herbs, which
[want oi time I could not delineate, but I
)oietodoit hereafter, if God bleflfeth me
Life: and Health, when I make ray fecond
fage thither.
on/uted the white Poppy, whereof we ftuck
i Flowers in our Hats 5 ihe whole Plant was
about a Span long.
IJelidcs I have not mentionei' the Red Sorrel^
im that which was (hewed to me at Bremen
the Dutch Gardener, which was of the fame
j, but the Leaves of that of Sp'nzbcrgen'dxt
dcdre the courteous Reader to accept at
jfent ot thefe for Sample, to fhew him that
ihefe rough, barren and cold Mountains,
k yet grow fome Plants, for the Nourifti-
\i both of Man and Beaft. The Herbs grow
[tieir perfection in a (hort time, for in jf««e,
tn we fir ft arrived at Spitzhergen^ we faw
very little Green, and yet in July moft of
a were in flower, and fome of them had
jr Seeds already ripe, whence we may ob-
h the length of their Summer,
[proceed to the Defcription of thofe Plants,
jchlhad time to delineate, and begin with
fej that put forth their Leaves only at, and
about
!
59
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^o T&^ Third Part of the Voyage
about their Roots, and have buc Uw oroj
Leaves on their Stalks.
Then (hall follow thofe that have finJ
Leaves on their Stalks^ then thofe thar hj
pairs of Leaves or oppofite ones, atter J
thofe with three Leaves, and then conclude wij
the iroperfedl Plants.
CHAP. IL
Of a Plant with Aloe-Learns,
IT is a very pretty Herb, and puts fo
thick, prickly and fad green Leaves lill
thofe of Aloes, a brown naked Stalk, a'ool
half the length of your Finger, whereon han
round Heads of Fle(h-coloured Flowers
Bunches, which are hardly to be difcernedtj
the naked Eye, one Flower clofe above anothfj
and near to one another Tab. G. marked
a.
Sometimes two Stalks (boot out ofonePy
one bigger than the other. Yet each Stalk hij
two of thefe Bunches of Flowers.
I could not delineate its Seed for want oftimt]
The Rootconfiftsof many fmall Fibers.
We gathered it in great plenty on the 17//^
Jnly^ behind the Cookery of Harlem^ in iM
running Water.
BHgWBaBHWl « MJ .w.w yill ML^
A^
to Spit7bergen.
know not well, to what kind this may be
jfgfred. Cafp^r Bauhht maketh mention of an
[rb in his Vrodromus of his Amphitheater of
ints in the %tk Book and 1 5^^. Chapter, which
\a\\iLmom}im Maritimum^ which he defcri-
[h wiihftnall, roundifti and thick Leaves, like
bfe-leek, between which fpread forth fmall
ilks with pale red Flowers 5 but the Root
)th not agree with our Plant, for his is long,
and parted at top, whereas this Root coa-
ls in many (mall Fibers, and is not red.
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Of fmall Honfi'heli.
H E Leaves of this are indented and very
like thofe of our Dalies, for which I (hould
taken it alfo, had it not been for the Flow-
jonly the Leaves are thicker and more juicy,
|e thole of Houfe-leek, or, as we call it, thofe
the leiTer Houfe-leek ; The Leaves grow
md about the Root, betwixt them is a fmall
Ilk of the length of your little Finger, which
round and hairy, and generally without
»ves, fave only where it divides into another
^k, at which place is a fmall Leaf.
he Flowers grow in fcaley Heads ( like unto
Flowers of Stccchas ) are of a brown co-
Jfj and have ^\^ pointed Leaves, as I think
With
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T^e Ihird Fart of the Voym
With five fmill Ghives within, like unto i
Flowers of Wall- pepper or Stone crop, i y
only the Flowers, for the Seed was not
ripe. The Root is fomewhat thick and (^fjl
with many (Irong and thick Fibers from
fides of it ^ it may be refered to the Hoj
leeks, and called fmall indented or cren^
Houfe-leek, with fcaly Heads.
This Plant 1 found in the Danifl) Harbourl
Ray on the i^th. of 'July, it is figured in t|
F, at^.
CHAP- IV.
Of CrowS'foot.
SOmeof thefe Plants are figured in the Ij
_ G at r and e, and the Tab. H at r, d\
the Tab. 7at^*
Thefe four following Plants are all Croij
feet, only diOinguifhed by their Leaves.
The firft and fourth in Tab. G at c, andl
Tab. / at J, are very like one another asj
their Leaves, whereof they have both
forts, the undermoft broader, and not To n
cut, and the uppermoft fmaller and deeji
divided, yet they differ in this, that thelil
doth not grow fo high, and puts out niJi
Leaves out of one and the fame Root, butt
fourth in Tab./ at ^, hath but one long StiU
wheid
mmm.
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to Spitzbergcn.
lereon fprouted out one fingle Leaf at a place.
[e fourth hath yellow Flowers, but whether
, firft hath yellow ones ( which I fnppofe ) I
mot well remember. The Flowers of the
irth hath five Leaves, broader at the ends
fmaller at the bottom , they grow out of
}ugh Perianthhm or Cup that is fplit into
J alfo. See Tab. / at d. The Flowers of the
have a^ Leaves, they are fmall and the
id-velTels are like one another.
The Roots are differing, that of the firfi:
[h many fmall Fibers, and the fourth hath
hicker and longer, with tender and ftnall
^ers. The firfl burns the Tongue like Perfica^
or Flea-bean, but fomewhat lefsthaa in our
kuntries. The Leaves of the fourth do not
rn fo.
found them both in the DanifJj Haven, the
in great quantities ^ they flower in July.
'be fecond hath fomewhat differing Leaves
\m the two former, for although the lower-
t)ft Leaves agree with them of the firft, yet
fy are lets, and thofe that grow higher, and
le up afier the lowermofV, are in two places
eper cut, Co that the firfl: part of the Leaf
jt ftands out before , is not very unlike
^Tongue, but the two fides are but a lit-
indented in Table G it is marked with
[There is alfo a difference in the Leaves of
Is Plant, as well as in the two before raenti-
jed, for the Leaves that are neareft to the
►wers are fnaall and deeply cut, and that
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64 T&e Third part of the Voyage
with two incifions, and it burns the Tongci
The Flower is fmall, and hath fix and foj
times feven Leaves. The Seed-veflel is like
to the former, only it is lefs. The aoot]
like that of the firft, only it hath more Vm
there is alfo a kind of thick (heath that ^I
roundeth the Stalk, as is alfo to be ften in j
fourth. I found this Plant near the firft,
the Danjjh Haven the i6th. of JhI^. t|
third is yet fmaller, but fuller of Leaves,
ly they are lefs, and not fo deep cut, althoul
they have alfo four Incifions like thefeco|
in this I did not find that difference in
Leaves, between the lowermoft and ihoie tl]
are nearer the Flower, it is in the Tab. Hi
ked with r. The Flower is of ^vq white Leavi
its Seed- veffel I could not yet fee. Its Roots
fmall Fibers, I found it in the South Havm\
the Sixteenth of July 5 it burns the Tongue,
Leaves are thick and juicy.
I found in the fame place another fa
Plant, exadily like to thefe, only the Flow]
thereof were of a purple Colour, and
Leaves not fo juicy 5 wherefore I did notdii
it.
C HAl
to Sputbergen.
^5
'i'!
f :.:'(!
!'/
CHAP. V.
Of Sctifvy-graff*
^His Scurvy-graft fends forth a great many
Leaves from one Pcoot, that fpread them-
[ives round about it upon the Ground. The
pik grows out of the middle of thefe Leaves,
jhich is :i great deal lower than in our Coun-
ty, with a tew Leaves' underneath the Sprouts.
|he Flowers are of four white Leaves, they
row many on the fame Stalk one above the
ther, when one Flower facles, another cometh
its room when the Flower is pad: ^ the Seed
)pears in a longifh Box, as you may fee in
k Figure '^ when on the contrary in ours the
|!ed is found in a round one. The Root is
f)ite, (omewhat thick and ftreii^ht, with fome
lall Fibers below.
A great quantity of this Plant is found on
b Hoeks, where they are not much expofed
the E:ift and North Winds ^ I found it moft
the SoHth^ Ef/gl}fi, and Dati/fi Havens^ the
irth v/as quite covered with it in the Da-
?'.
It was the firfl: Herb I found in SpHzhcrgeti^
|hen we Landed the (irl> time, ir was fo fmall
iat ! could hardly difcern it to be Scurvy-
is, but afterwards vve found it in its full
F per-
\
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66 The Second part of the Voyaoe
perfection, and it feeded in the Month of jJ
It is obfervable, that the Leaves of th's Hal
have but little iliarpnefs at SpUzhergcn^ andrheitl
fore it is much weaker than the Scurvy n;r.iis J
our Countries, Co that we eat it inftcad oi SjlaJ
in Sfitzbergen^ which we could not cio cj
Scurvy-grais.
My Figure is like that cut, given in
Third Book, and the ^^r/j. Chapter of the Gc]
ntan Herbal of Alauhiolns, See Tab. 11 at u,
CHAP. vr.
Of an Herb lihg St one- crap.
THisPlant is doubtlefs akind of a Stone crofj
but the Leaves are rough or hairy, not?
thick, nor fo juicy as ours are, neither (ioi"
burn or bite, like unto ours.
Before the Flower fully appears, it locks
unto that of Efula 5 but when it is quite blo«j
and opened, it is of a purple Colour, yndbi
fometimes ^vq^ fometitrr s fijc, and [qvm\^
1 have feen nine Ltaves , the Stamiuaot
Flower I did not tell ^ neither did I ever He til
Seeds thereof. The Pvoot thereof ii ve;y 'm
and one Plant grovi?s clofe to i'(\^ oaur. %
found this Herb on the low Lands of the M
lifi Haven, Afterwards v/e found abundanij
not 00 oa
y'lven in
r ot" the Gdl
b. 1/ at d.
^gs W], to Spitzbergertt
mch of je.|p of it amongO: the MolTrs on the iSth of J//ve.
^Inrhe Tab. F. it is marKcd with r, and in the
of this Hfi;^ Jab. /. with r?.
'f7, andrheit
ead oi hM
CHAP. VIL
Of a Snah^-*weed,
THis is a fmall S?j,thtcccd,^x](S is found very
rarely in Spitzbergen -^ the undermoft
Leaves oi this Plant are the biggeft , but they
are not above the brcidth of ones Nail , they
grow (ingiy on the Stalk , yet not above three
of thum, except tne lovverrnoft : the nearer the
Flov/t^r , the [mailer they arc 5 they have with-
jin , not far from the edge many fmall knobs or
[fpots anrwering to the point 3 of the Leaves,
[wherein the Veins or Nerves are terminated,
beildes the Leaves are not quite plain , but
fomewhat rumpled at the bririS. Out of the
bRoot fproius torrh iomerimes lingle and fome-
ttimes double Stalks , as you may fee in the Cut,
and this by-ilalk is always foaie^^'hat lower
ithan the chief Stalk.
The Flower grows in a c'ofe Spike , with
taany fmall Fleili-coloured Flowers , it was fo
(fnall , that I forgot to tell the Leaves there-^
|of : The Seeds were not then come to matu-
pity.
F a Thg
crap.
f a Stone-cro|
hairv, noti
either doit
it locks li'i|
is quite blo^'
lour, 3ndba
and foii-etiniti
itamiiiii^^ (i
d I ever lee til
ne cTiCi. ^'1
Is of the Bi\
jnd abundano
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^8 The Third Part of the Voyage
The Root flieweth of what kind the Plant
is , and wherefore it may be called Bifiorta or
Snake-weed ^ for it licth twiQeJ in the Ground
it is about the thicknels of your litilf Finger
where thickeft , hath fmall Fibers , is brown
without, and Flefh-coloured within , and ot
an aflringent Tafte.
1 found this Herb in the Danifh Harbour , on
the i^th. of J.ily. My Figure agrets moli
with that which Canter ar'ius hath given in the
Fourth Book and Third Chapter ot Matthiok^
is marked with a in the Tab. /.
CHAR VIIL
Of an Herb like 'i^nto Moufe-ear.
THis Herb bringeth forth fmooth edgd
Leaves by pares , they are rough nndlili
Moufe-ear.
The Stalks are fmooth at their firft pnttiod
out , but afterwards they grow rough , whersl
the uppermoft Leaves grow , they are roundi
at the bottom. .
At the end of the Stalk groweth a whiu
Flower , out of its Pcrianthium, the laimberoi
* . r ^1*1 «■ lit ^irnul
llll<
its Leaves I did not tell , nor had I
enough to obferve the Seed. The Root is
round and flender , with fmall and tenJerf'-
bers.
1 t
the Plant
Bijiortd 0!
le Ground,
tile Finge:
is brown
in , aridot
trhour , on
.grees moli
^iven in ik\
MaUfjiok
to Spitsbergen.
ft (eemeth , this Plant (hould belong unto
the hairy or rough Alfinc^ and perhaps it may
be the third or fourth kind of the hairy Aljine ,
of Dodoncus in the Fifth Book and Tenth Chap-
ter of his firft Latin ticrhal^ if the Leaves of
his were not cut , as thefe are not. I gather-
ed this Plant in the Sonth Haven , on the i yth
of ?«//. See d in Tab. U.
'p
>> m '
i-ear.
A^eth a wb
ther.iirr/t;er*]i|
)r had I im
The aooti^l
ind tenJerf'
CHAP. IX.
Of a Plant lih^e unto Ferinfinhje.
THis Plant runneth upon the Ground, and
bringeth forth roundifh Leaves by pairs
on creeping Stalks.
The Leaves as I think are like thofe of Peri-
xomkk , but they are fomewhat rounder , and
the largeft of them are bent in before. The
Stalk is fomewhat knotty and vi^oody.
The Flower appeareth at firft, wrapt up
like a Leaf, but after it is grown out a little
more , one may fee it to be a Flower, it grows
out between the Leaves on the fame Stalk.
i The colour and fhape of thefe Flowers , I
ifould not at that time obferve , becaufe they
'Were not yet blown , much left could 1 gather
^'eSeed.
The R^oot is long, llender, round , woody
|and knotty , it hath fmall branched Fibers at
F 3 the
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70 Tfce Third Part of the Voyage
the bottom; I found it in the South i%, be-
hind the Cookery of fJarlem on the if^tl. of
jf///;c, the ijt/jof July,
Since I neither favv the Flower nor Seeds,
and in probability , it would have put M
more Leaves ^ I cannot determine, v^hetlK-rii
be the Pjirflla minima , whereof C7<i/////pjvtth 01
a Cut and Defcripiion in the Fifth rjook oi hii
rare Plants.in the 2c. Chapter^or wheihei itroai
be Pfettdochawx huxuf of the Hortus I'.'ic/jfietenjn^
which is given by C7////W , in the 72//;. Chaptci
oi the before mentioned Book , by the Nam;
of AfJortyKVfls ColHtc£ Jhre , and accurately de-
f:ribed, and CnMerartus in his Hortus, givetlii;
us under the Name oi Anonymos Pcrvme fi\
In the Tab. G. it is marked with L
CHAP. X.
Of an Herb Itl^e a Strawberry,
THis agreeth in its Leaves with the Stm-
berry , for it hath three cut Leaves (ntk
end of the Stalks, and its Flower hath coni'
monly five Leaves ((eldom but four) and iiptli
like a Strawberry Flower , the Stalks are rod
and rough, and To are the Leaves.
On the Stalks you fee two Leaves one agaioft
the other of a differing figure and bignefs , foi
one looketh like a Hand , and the other like 1
fingei)
ioi
n
^
yagi
h ii/;, be.
^^ i^tk. of
nor Steds,
: put torth
vthethi-rii
V/^pJvcthuj
fjook ot hii
htihevitniaj
i'lchfietenl'i!^
2th. Chaptti
jy the Nami
ciirately de-
us, givethi
crv'mce fck
//? Spitsbergen.
finger , the fize nifo is ditfereiit, for Come have
but three Fingers, and others have more.
The t lowtr is yellow , the Leaves of the
Flowers arc round ilh , how many , I obferved
not : The Root is woody , romewhat thick
wirh Imall Fibers, a little Icalcy at the top, it
taft^s dry and afiringent like Tormentill.
In the Herbals I could find none liker it,
(Inii that which Lobdius calleth hragaria Syl-
vcjirh min':»ie rcfca five Jicr ilk , and in the uni-
Verlal IjerditmiJ/j Herbal , in the yoth. Chapter
of the 17//;. Bjok , by ihc Name of tragarU
mnfragifcravdnon vcfca , yet it differs in the
Jlower and Leat 5 lor the Leaves in my Plant
are cut deeper, and the Flower of his is white.
In Tab H. it is marked with b.
71
i^-\
' p.'
i ■'{
C H A P. XL
[-1
vberry.
es one agaiotl
bignefs , foil
; Other like
Of the Rock Pl^f^^'
Trlis Plant btlonj^eth to thofe called Wkr
by the Dutchmen, and Fmus in Latin.
Ithab a broad Hat Stalk like a Leaf, and yet
there IproLit out of it many cquilly broad
-tavts like it , as Twigs out of a Tree , at the
|op or the Stalks there are little narrow lon-
|gi(h Leaves , ibme have five , others feven of
thefe, of a yellow Colour , as the Herb is alfo,
md they are tranfparent like Glew, I know
F 4 pot
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.11
IV*
' ' i
72 The Third Part of the Voyage
not whether one may take them for its FloivJ
ers. Clofe to thefe there grow other obloto
Leaves that are hollow , and as it wafj bio J
up , and fill'd with Wind , and many leffJ
Bladders round about ciofe to one another]
The Leaves that are blown up have nothing
them but Wind ^ for when I prefltd them toi
get her , they gave a little bounce , whetliJ
thel'e Imall Bladders have Seeds in them oimJ
i could notobferve.
The Seamen informed me. That from tJiJ
Seeds of that Plant, the fmall Sea Snails aij
produced , but I am not fatisfied, vhttherthq
proceeci from thefe Bladders , or from Eggs
our Snails do.
It may be after the fame manner, as we fd
on many I eaves in our Country, Bladders filkl
up with the S'^^d<; of Worms or Citerpillcnl
yet I dare not alfertit, becaufe I had no opj
portunity to fearch narrowly into the mirtefj
the Root groweth out ot the Flocks , wherJ
fore \ call it a Rock Plant , it hath fome Fil
bers, and is fometimes round , 1 found tiiii|
Herb in gre^t plenty , firft in the cSW/j B,ij
near the Cookery of Harlevi , where we takeuJ
the Water ; then in the Mupl Haven at Sfii\
lergen ^ then at Cales in Spain,
When this Herb is dried , it looketh hrr
and blackifh , it gives and groweth wet agaiil
wLena Souih or Weft Wind blows, be.aufeol
the Salt that penetrates it 5 but when the Wioi]
is Eaft or North it is ftiff and dry.
• ' '' ■ ■ ' Ami\
I ::
M (i
i»l
jjiag^jiiiu-j
or its Howl
)ther oblon^l
it was blo'J
i many kffti|
)ne anotb;
e nothing 13
(td them to]
:e , whethd
. them or
. ir.
iJi
I ■•.
, 1
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t; 1
r^
lat from tkl
v'htther th:||
From Eggs ■
r, as we tic
Bladders tilkl
C>iterpillers|
had no opi
I the tnjtteij
)cks , whetil
lath fome fi|
I found t'nil
le SoHih m
tXQ we take ii)|
avcn at Sfif
)oketh browril
eth wet ^^
ws, becaufeoil
^hentheWini
Amod
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TalK jiMf:J^^
AJ'^
#.
W(
' t:
to Spitsbergen.
J Among all the Figures that I have ften, I
fed none liktr than that given in the ^(^th. Book,
aid the 50//;. Ch;?pter of the IfHrdHmjJ) Herbal^
£ the Name of Alga Manual VUtyceros porofa^
iilv [hit this is porous or fpongy and white.
% the Tab. r. it is marked with b.
The Leaves of the great Rock Herb, are
-llry like unro a Man's Tongue, it is on each
II boih lides curled, but plain before and not
curled, through the middle of it run two black
feoiks or Nerves to the Stalk, and on the out-
fille ot them appear many black fpots, within
the black (Iroaks, on each fide, to the middle-
inoft plain llroak 5 the Herb is adorned with
hall curies-, in the middle it is quite fmooth to
tfc Stalk, on the end of the Leaf, next the
Stalk, are two white flroaks almoft to the
jniddle of the Leaf, bending round outwards,
they were quite clofed, they would make an
Dvai.
the Leaf is above fix Foot long, and yellow,
nd the Stalk yet longer 5 the Sralk is round
ind fmooth, of a yellow colour like unboiled
levv, near the Root it is thicker than at the
af, and it fmells of MufTels.
The Koot hath a great many Branches that
ire divided again, and ftick very clofe unto the
bck underneath the Water. The whole Plant
oweth under Water feveral Fathoms : When
c wayed our Anchor, we pulled it up in great
antity from the Ground.
H'ogether with this Herb we pulled up the
iry Plant that (lands by it, about fix Foot
long,
73
<
VI .-
Jr.
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j/^ the Third Part of the Voyv^e
long, and it is very like an Horft^s Tail oo!l
that htre and there it hath fome (mal! knoj
like nitty Hair, or fuch as are Iplir at the enc|
the whole Plane was browner of colour m
the former, and its Roots was fixed nnto tJ
former.
In thefe Phnts were fome redidi Worms m
or folded Up like CaterpillerSj with iFianyLfj
They are iig;ured Tab. P. at/.
The Herb was like Dodder, whereforeitsi
be caird Water or Rock Silk. Amonglh!
Icons that I have feen in printed Herbdis, 11
it comss neareft to that hairy Plant, which
tony Doftat^ in his Book of Planrs growio^j
bout Venice, calltth in his fecond Bock, ij
iirgenta/s Alar'wus^ /imlUs i'luwce^ only ihhm
as white as Silver, but rather yellow or browci]
Of thefe two Herbs we found great piirti
the South Haven on the 70th. and 2ifi, of M
There is another Sd Plant, which Kail
Sea-graf?, whereof there is plenty in the M
■ Haven underneath the Water above eighr^i
long. The Leaves were about two (;r til
Fing^ers broad, of a yellow Colour likeC':!
and tianfparent, ending in a blunt point, it
top fmooih edged, v/ithout nicks or pridij
every where plain and even, the Leaves m
from the Root round about it, as it were oc:f
one hole in the Tab. /. it is marked with L
The End of the Third Part,
Ti
I I
\\
THE
OURTH PART
OF THE
O Y A G E
T O
STITZ'BERGEN:
O F T H E
NIMALS of SpiTZBERGEN.
75
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icP KEF AC Eo( the Animals, but
p chiefly of the Birds in general.
H E Animals of Spitzbergen here defcri-
Ud, are eitkr thofe with two or with four
' >
1 .
About
,i :
K !
The Fourth Part of the Voyj^e
About Spitzbergen alfo are fome Crentumi
live only in the Water, and have no Legs C J
one wohld take their Fins, that are amtt!^
Breafl for Lcgs^ becaufe as hereafter JJ.^allkl)^
their tins are jointed like Legs under nuth
S'kin.) Some live in the Water ^ and alio upA
Ice and Land^ and have either two or fom \h
We will begin with them that have two Lp.
with ihi Birds whereof the ntoji live npo^ tkWi
and but few of them Hpon the Ice or Lund.
CHAP. I.
Of Birdt with Toet or dimdid Fm
o
F Land-Birds I obfcrved but one
Viz.
I. Of a Snite.
This Snitc which is alfo cjIIcJ the SnJ
runner (becaufe it kecpeth about the Ard
is no bigger than a Lark.
Its Bill is narrow, thin, and corner'd Vtij
all. Our Snites Bills are at the tarther!
broader and roundifti, and cut in vvithci
notches like a Rafp to rafp Wood withal;
that the whole upper Jaw and Bill lookethJ
aftly like a Rafpe with its handle. Our Soil
are alfo bigger than thofe of Spitzbergen^ om
to Spitsbergen;
ithcy are very like one another in Shape alnd
ur ^ this Bill both above and below is four*
re, of a browniOi colorr, and about two
cs long. The Head is roundiQi, and of
'ame thicknefs with the Neck.
heir Feet are made of three divided Claws
fre, and one behind which is very Ihort,
Legs are not very long. It is of the co-
of a Lark ^ but when the Sun (hines upon
fit ftews blewifti, very like thole two Colours
5rved on bur Ducks Necks when the Sun
;s upon them. They feed upon the little
Worms and Shrimps.
^^(hotfome of them in the South Harbour,
the Cookery of Harlem^ they had not the
ct Filh at all. See Tab. K, at a.
I fi
i'^.^M
I I
II. Of the Snow-bird,
jf he Smvp'b'ird is no bigger than a Sparrow,
"^ like a Linnet in his Shape, Bill and Colour.
iTht^Bill is Ihort and pointed, its Head of
lamp thicknefs with its Neck. The Legs are
like the Linnets, their Feet are divided into
f;Ke (laws, with longilh crooked Nails,
linder Claw is fomewhat (horter, but hath
ig btfiided Spur, or Nail. The Legs are
^illi. and not very long.
from their Head over all their Belly to the
ll th'-v are white like Snow, but all over their
Lsan i Winnrs they are gray. Some of thetn
ir^y all over, but thefe are little' ones*
i' It.
I can
'ir
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P'il'iM.
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I
\l ' "y I • I-
78 The Fourth Part of the Voyq;
I can tell nothing of its Tinging, only J
whiireleth a little, as Birds ufe to do whem
are hungry.
When we failed near the Ice, iheycauKl
great flocks to nsin our Ship, near the lOanJ
John Maytn^ and were to tame, that you ca
take them up with your Hands.
They run upon the Ice where 1 onlv
them, and not upon the Land, which ii
reafon that they are called SnowbJrds,
They kept with our Ship till we atclid
firft Whak^ and after that the other Birds hii
ned them away.
We fed them with Oatmeal, but vvheni
Bellies were full, they would not fufFer t
felves to be taken up. We put fomeof
in a Cage, and hung them up in the Cabifl,|
they did not live long.
We eat fome of them, and they were
an unpleafjint tafte, but very lean. It
give my opinion, why the Birds flie ro thea
I believe that they are ftray'd from tht
and that fo the Hunger compels them
Ships for Food. Tab. jK. at b,
HI. Of the Ice-birds,
I faw alfo in the Englijh Hdven, a very:
tiful Ice-bird^ which was fo tame, that vven
have taken him upalmoft with our Hinds, J
we would not go too near him with our'
for fear that we (hould (hoot him all inpi«|
andfo fpoil his curious Feathers, fo wei
him, and he flew away.
> tio whenil]
N theycaoK
jar the lOaoJ
that you co(
Here 1 onlv
1, vvhichiil
birds,
1 we cntdii
:her Birds tiii
but when I
not rufferi:
t Tome of
,n the CabinJ
they v;ereiwi
lean. It
is flie ro theji
I from the If)
pels them
'rds,
ne, thatvvei
. our Hiinds,^
im with out ()|
him all in pi?
jrs, fo wetDij
J )'
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rheScn (hincd at thu time upon him, which
je him look like Gold, lb as it dazlcd our
tsalmofr. He was as big as a fmall Pigeon.
[would willingly havedeline.ited him, it we
lid have catched him. I faw but this one of
[Kind.
79
V
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CHAP, ir.
Of the Broad or Web-footed Birds^
)IER.E are fevcral forts of thefe about
Spi!z»hergcff, Some of them have thin
itcd Bills, others have thick and broad ones.
'Some of the thick billed ones have them di-
;d or parted as the MaHe Mucl^cn (mad Gnats
f^llfl^) others have undivided ones, as the
rfMo called.
IThere is alfo a confiderable difference in the
pis of thefe Birds, for fome cf th'-iu have
ris, iisthe Mountdin-dnck.^ Klrnjeii and Malk-'
iks- Others have them not at all, as the /?//r-
ici(ler^ Rathfjcr^ Strtmdjagcr^ Knty^gchfFar'
I, lumhe^ Pigeon^ and the Red Goofc 5 no Wa-
lids to their t eaihers no more than on the
fns and other Water Fowl, for it runs oft'
them, as if they were oiled all over.
)me are Birds of Prey, others not. There
jib a difference in their flying.
Some
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T&c Fourth part of the Voy^fje
Some flie like unto a Partridge, .is thatal'.
the Pigeon, others like Swallows, asthi^Uj
and Red Geefe, others like the Mews, as
MiiUcMHckey RathJIjer and Str/mdJAn^cr, otfj
like the Storl{, as the Bttrt^crMciJitT.
The Birds of Prey arc, the Ihir^ermill
Rath^er^ Strundjager^Kutycgehf and MJuI
There is alfo a great ditfcrence in their Hij
the Birds of Prey are not fo good to eat as-
others, except you hang them up by fheirj
for fome days, that the Train Oil miy run
of them, and the Air blow through them,
then you do not talk the Train Oil lo (tro|
for elfe it would make you Vomit.
The Pigeons, Parrets, Red GeefcinJ Dj
are the moftflefhy, the old Lumbs hie u
tough and dry Flefti, not to difparage the RotJ
Kirmews and young Lumbs when boiltd,
the Fat taken away from them, anc ifcerwi
fryed in Butter ^ for then one may make ai
to eat them^ but if you fliould eat their Fit
woulu vomit and diforder the Stomich ii
much. Thefe Birds except the Sirndji
Kir mew and Mountain-duck., all mal^e their i
upon the high Rocks, where they nre fed
from the Foxes and Bears 5 but (owe ot d'
make their Nefts higher than others.
They fit in fo great Numbers or Flxksifl
the Rocks, chiefly at the time when they bj
their Young ones, which is about th • luterf
of Jiine^ and beginning of Julji, thu if
fly up when the Sun (hincth, they On i^j
Gro
to Spit/bcrgen.
•ounci like a Clou. I, and make fo great a nolfe,
K one Man can hardly hear the other.
Til, Ktrwews and MoHtttain clucks^ and alfo
|e Stru fdjitgers ^ make their Nclh on low
rounds, (that one would think that the high
fater mull needs run ovtr thtm) on the Irnall
inds, where they are fecure from the Foxes,
not hom the white Bears, ior they fwim in
Water from one Ifland to the other. We
ik up great Oore of their Eggs.
Ilhc Nefts of thefe Birds are not all made
;er the fame manner. For the Mount aln-dHcl^
ikes its Neft of the Feathers of its own Belly,
kiiu» them with Mofs.
[The Feathers of thefe Nefts are not the Ed-
Down, brought us from Ifland, for that
leth from great Birds (that the Inhabitants
ire call Edder ) and cofteth when it is clean-
from the Mofs a Crown a Pound, as I have
!n informed ^ But the Feathers of the Mtf»»-
d'ickj of Sphzhcrgcn^ which they call Down,
Seaman put into their Pillows, and Straw-
is, which if they (hould be cleanfed would
Imore worth.
he Kirmcw layeth their Eggs upon Mofs,
ib do the Rotges, The Nefts of the reft of
Birds were too high for us, fo that we could
[dly, and not without great difficulty reach
. If it be never fo dark by reafon of a
yet every Bird knoweth how to find their
NlMI again, and flyeth direcUy to it.
bncerning the Names of the Birds I have
|dc: uieot thofe, that th? Seanien have given
G them
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T&e Fourth part of the Voyage
them formerly, according to their own Fancfi
that he that heareth them called by thefe NatnJ
may alfo know how to find them by theaiij
this Book.
Some of thefe Birds, as Lnmbs^ Strnndjipi
Maliemucks^ Khmevps^ and tho Mervs calif
Kutjiegehfen^ I have alfo feen about 1-^14
Scotland and Ireland \ and alio in the b^an
Seas, nay even upon the Elve by Httvflm^,
have heard the Kir mew and Kutyegchf cry,
there is a difference, as well between the M
asMen of other Gountnes.
1. Of 7he Rathfher.
Firft of the Rathjher ( or Alderman in H
lifl) ) for this is the firft of the thin billed Bi|
that have three Claws, and is called fo by!
Seamen, becaufe he is a very ftately and hai
fome Bird, but lefs than that which theyi
Burgcrmeifler ( or Major in Englijl . )
This Bird hath a (harp, narrow and thinl
and hath only three Claws or Toes, thati
joined together by a black Skin, but he hathj
Claw behind. His Legs are not very long,
black, as the Eyes are alfo.
This Bird is whiter than the Snow, for wi
you fee him upon the Ice, you may diitingj
him from the Snow ^ he (hews very beaun
with his v^hite Body, his black Bill and Ej
black Legs and Feet, andbefides he is very
ihaped.
. .1 1
' .1
'Voyage
tir own Fa
y thefe Natni
em by them
Sirnndjiii^fi
10 Mervs call
about tngk\
in the bfin
)y hUndmri,
tyegchf cry,
:tween the M
IderiDan in f
thin billed Bii
[ called fo by
;tately and ha
: which they
row and thin
)r Toes, that
1, but he hath
ot very long,
: Snow, for 4
)U may diiVmg
vs very beaiini
ackBiil an(iEj|
des he is very
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His Tail is
Lady's Fan.
His Cry is
io Spitzbergen. 8 3
pretty long and brod, like a
fomev/hat lovver than the little
kirmem, as if he did fay Kar^ when (be cries
Kir, he (preads his Winj^s and Tail out when
he flies, as the Strundjagcr or Crow doth. He
doth not willingly fwim in the Water as the
other Birds do, nor doth he much care for wet-
ting his Feet, but he ftays rather where it is
ry, yet he loves Fi(h mightily 5 and fo the
'roverb that we commonly fay of the Cats is
:rue of him 5 The Cat loves to eat Fijh^ but does
\ot love to wet her Feet.
1 hive feen him upon the Ice feed on the
ling of a Sea-horfe, upon whofe Body he will
^eft while he is alive, as Grows will do in our
Countries. He flieth commonly alone by him-
[elf, but where there is a Prey they flock in
;reat numbers.
T did delineate them in the (hallow Corner
called (hallow Point) in Spitzbergett^ on the
Qth. of July, when we fhot him, he was not
ild at all, fo that I could have knock'd him
fiown with the Gun. See Tab. L at a.
II. Of the FigeoH.
The Pigeon^ or rather the Vigeon-diDer^ is al-
foone of the beautifullefl: Birds of Spitzbergcfr,
It is of the bigneCsof a Duck, the Bill is foiTie-
I what long, thin and (harp pointed, at the point
the upper Bill is fomewhat crooked, about
two Inches long and hollow within. It hath
C 2 but
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The Fourth fart of the Voyage
but three red Toes on its Feet, with crooked
Claws 5 it hath (hort redifh Legs, and a ihortl
Tali.
Some of thefe Birds are black all their body I
over, and fo was that which I delineated; \
bout their Wings, and in the middle they A
white pyed with black, but underneath dj
Wings they are quite white ^ others are in [\\
middle of their Wings quite white , their Bill is
red within^ the Tongue is alfo red and holIowjB
they cry like young Pigeons, whence they havej
their Name, for they are in nothing elfe li!ij|
them. In their Crops 1 found Shrimps oi|
Prawns, and fmall Sand-ftones.
They do not flie high over the Sea, anjl
their flight is very like the Patriges: Theydol
not flie many together as the Lurabs, but m
ally by pares, and fometimes one alone by
felf.
They can keep a great while under Waterj
wherefore they may be called Diving Pigeooi
But chiefly when they are purfued by Nkiij
or if their Wings be hurt by a Shot, they wilj
dive and keep a great while under Watery ao|
fometimes they get underneath the Ice, and th^ii
they are fufFocated, they were as nimble jpJ
quick under Water (if their Wings or tceufj
not quite (hot off) as we could row wirhooj
Boat. Their Flefli is good to eat when iheFij
is t.iken away from it, if afterwards it \n in!
in Butter.
The firft Diving Pigeon T got the 2:^^ ofMJ
on the Ice, and afterwards at 6J?//2i^fr^e//, vwicif
7ith crooked I
and aiboit
to Spitzbergcn. 8^
ihey are feen more frequently. See Tab. L,
n
III. OftheLumL
This Bird is the likeft in his Bill unto the Di.
ill their body I
'lineared;
idle they w\
iderneath tkL . p. ^^^j j^ j^ fomewhat ftronger and
lers are in ilijR^ i L^ ^
^"ookeder.
He hath black Feet, with three black Toes,
d as many black Nails ^ his Legs are black alfo
d (hort.
I He is quite black at the top, but underneath
is Belly even to the Neck he is fnow white 5
is Tail isfhort.
His Cry is very unpleafant, raoft like that ot
Raven, and they cry more than all the other
rds, except the Rotger-diverx, he is bigger
an the Diving Pigeon, as big as a midling
uck. In their Crops I find frnall Filh and
awns, and alfo fome Sand-ftones ; and one
them flying over our Ship dropp'd a large
Prawn into the Ship. I alfo delineated it
the mentioned place. They fay iikewife,
atimall treih Kiver FiQi are their Prc7 5 but
lis I cannot relate for certain.
When thevhave young ones, they commonly
by the old ones one or two on the Water,
teach them to dive and Iwim. After the
ories have brought their young in their Bill,
m the R.ocks to the Water, the Preying Bird
led Ihrgermeifter fomctimes catches the young
s, when the old ones are not prefent,
G 3 and
, their Billisl
, and hollow,
nee they havt
hing elie lik
d Shrimps ot!
the Sea, anl
2;es: They do
robs, but ufol
le alone by
under Watstj
Diving Pigeoni
irfued by Men]
Shot, they
ler Watery n\
he Ice, and th^ii
as nimbkanl
ingsor tcenil
d row vv!th<
;at when iheFi]
rards it be m^
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86 The Fourth Part of the Voyage
and fometiraes when they are alfo, for theyarei
not able to refift them.
They love their young ones fo well, thattheyi
will be killed before they will leave them, anil
will defend them as a Hen doth her ChickenJ
fwiming about them) at other times theysi;!
very hard to be (hot :, for as foon as they kt m
Fire, they are immediately lender Water, orm
away. They fly in great flocks, with pointeil
Wings like Swallows, and move their Wingj
much in their flight. One can hardly know m
young Luntbs from the old ones, at the m
ilght, if you do not take exaft notice of theil
Bills 5 for the upper part turns befide the undej
part, at the point, and the undermoft befidj
the uppermoft, as you fee in the Grofs Bill, yej
not fo much in thefe^ and it is commonly donj
in the i^/^, i6th^ to the 7Qth. year of theil
Age. The old ones are full of Flefb, butitij
very dry and tough, and therefore unpleafanj
to eat.
They boil them like the Pigeons, and hi
off the Fat when they boil, then they fry tki
in Barter. I did not fee them upon the Ictj
but abundance of them upon the MountainsI
They go waddling from one fide to the othel
like the diving Pigeons. I have feen tnanf
Thoufands of them together in the D.i»///i Haij
bour, on the Mountains, on that fide where tl
Ea(\ and Northern Winds could not blow hi!]
or not fully upon them, ( and fo do ill '^thj
Birds chufe fuch places on the Mountain; toj
their Habitations ) where the Herbs do grow.
'..\X
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to Spitzbergcn.
But I faw not lb many by the Haven of Mag*
%tkn, where I drew my Figure on the 25^^. of
%lp Afterwards I law feme of them in the
^mll) and North Sea, not far from the HeHg-
hml. See Tab. M at a.
IV. Of the Mew called Kutge-gehef.
This is a beautiful Mew^ and is called
uio^e-gckf, becaufe it cryeth fo : He hath
Bill loinewhat bent, as the Burgermeifter :^ on
;he undcrmoft part of its Bill is a fmall knob
r rifing : About his black Eyes he hath a red
ircle, as the BHrgermeifter 5 and he hath but
ree Claws, joyned together with a black
kin.
The Legs are alfo black, and but (hort 5 the
ail is fomewhat long and broad, like a Fan.
All the Belly is as white as Snow j the Wings
nd Back are grey, and the point of the Wings
ack. He is almoft as big as an ordinary Men?,
ut fomething lefs than the Strunt-jager. When
e cut the Fat ofF from the Whaks^ we faw
bundance of them fly by the Ship, and heard
ihem cry.
When the Seamen have a mind to catch
m of them, they bait their Hooks with a
iece of ]Vhaks Fat, and fo tye the Hooks to
Line, and fling it into the Sea, and fo they
tch not only thefe, but all the other Birds of
rev. He flieth with fmall Wings as a corn-
on Mew^ and dives not. His Food is the
u of the Whak, He is hunted by the Strunt-
G 4 jager
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88 T/;e F(^«rlfe P^rf cf the Voyage
jager {\n Englijl) Dung-hmtcr ) who leave him
not till he Dungs, which the Strhntji'^
cats.
This I could hardly believe at fird, lintiUf.
terwards I faw it my fclf very ofttn; 11
which I drew was catched by our Ship vm
with a Hook, in the Sokth Havcfs. I did p J
liarly oblerve in this B-rd, that ic iifcj vo / ifn
upon the Water, and hold its Head i^ag.i;::!
the Wind, iF it was never (o great a Storm ; iH
fo we found whole flocks ot them Twini [i^d
the Water together.
This is not only to be underffooci of (:
Bird, but alio of all the reft, for they looki'
gainft the Wind that their Feathers may not
blown afunder and opened ^ for if they ftou
fit or fwim with the Wind , their Feathci
would be blown afunder by the cold Wir.(
and fo the Cold would get in between thcnii
their Skin, which perhaps might prejudice thtii
Health, for Birds are covered with thtir h
thers as Men are with their Clothes.
And fo, when they fly up, they prefsagaiofj
the Wind with their Bodies, and expand tlieii
Wings, and fofly away very fwift'y ;, allotheii
Feathers would be entangled , fo that thej
could not have a fure and fteddy tlighf, bu
faulter in their flying, like Birds that UamK
fly. There is but little Meat upon them , vi
eat but the Legs and the Breaft, for the Wirg
are nothing but Skin and Bone. We have
Proverb, and fay, Thon art as light as a \k^^
This we may very well fay of thefe 31-!^
1 lU'ti
ar
th
ilii t-
|*«iH-
\\
to Spitzbergcn.
^have ften them fince in the Spanjfh Sea, and
jfo in the North Sea, but yet they differ from
[efe^ and To do the Beafts of all Countries.
Tab. iV. it is marked with a.
V, Of the Burgermeifter.
Tht' BurgcrMeifler ( in Englifli Major ) is the
z^cft of all the Birds oi Spitsbergen^ wherefore
i Name is given him as being the Chief of
jem. His Bill is crooked, of a yellow colour,
irrowantl thick ^ his Under-bill is fomewhat
ling or knobby at the point or end , a great
lal mors than the Kutge-gehefs^ which looketh
Iry pretty, as if he had a Cherry in his Mouth 5
fhith longifh Noftrils, and a red Ring about
5 Eyes, as I mentioned when I fpoke of the
wg<^-gchcf'^ he hath but three Claws, of a
ley colour, his Legs are grey, and not quite
I long as thcfe of a Stork, yet he is almoft
jually big with him.
His Tail is broad, like a Fan, and white ^
hich is chiefly to be underwood of thefe
Jrds when they fly 5 his Wings are of a pale
llour, aid fo \z all the Back, but the Wings
le white a^the tip, and fo is the whole Body,
je builds his Nefts very high in the Clifts of
je Rocks, where you can neither (hoot nor
|tch them any other way ^ which was the
ifon I could not fee their Nefts. I have feen
imetimes two, three and four of their young
3es together 5 we (hoot molt of them when
draw a dead Whale behind our Ship, where
they
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po Tfe^ F(?iirr6 Fart of the Voyjge
they flock in great numbers, and bite ort' gr^i
pieces of the fat of the Whale ^ at other rimi
we rauft (hoot at them a great difunce, i.ji
other wild Birds, fuch as Ravens, Herns, jo
the like.
His Cry is like the Cry of fome Ravens tb
I have fometimes heard ^ he Hyeth intheAii
]\ke a Stork ^ he preys upon young Ltimbsj
the Hawk doth upon all forts of Birds ;, h,;ed!
alio upon the fat of the Whale, whereof
doth fwallow down pieces as big as onesHip,!
whole.
The Mallemur^f are mightily afraid of \
they will lye down before him ( when they
upon the Carcafsof a dead Whale ) then he bin
them about the Neck, which I believe doi!
not hurt them much, becaufe they have a vei
thick Skin, for elfe they would oppoi'eandri
no him, or fly away, but they do notmatts
it, neither will they leave their Meal tor!ii|
biting. I have fcen him alfo about theSeij
Horfes, whofe Dung he eats. He flyeth coi
tnonly fingle, except when they meet at th;
Prey. He loves to refk on the water, but doi
not care much for diving ^ we (hot one b'
the Weighegat, on the loth day of Jidji. Yo:
fee him at c in the Tab. L.
VI. Of the Rotges.
This Bird is a Diver, and might beraffl
called the Diving Rotge. His Bill is crookd
;W !
to Spitzbergen.
Itlhort, fomewhat thick, of a black colour 5
Feet have but three Claws, with as many
ck Nails, and are joyncd' by a black Skin 5
is Legs are (hort and blacky he is almort all
er bl^ck, except his Belly, which is white.
Some ot this kind have their Wings fpotted
lith white and black, like the diving Pigeon 5
Water fticketh to their Feathers, no more
an to a Swans ^^ they are moft of them like
irona very thick Skin: Their Tail is (horr.
They are very much like a Swallow in their
ipe 5 I took them at firrt to be Swallows, for
cy fly like them ^ they are in great flocks te-
ther, as the Swallov#are when they are about
hide themfelves againft the Winter.
They go wabbling from fidQ to fide, as the
ivers do ^ they cry very loud Rottet^ tet, tet^
, tet, at firft high, and fo by degrees lower ,
d lower ^ and this their calling or crying is
e occafion of their Name, They make more
ife than any other Bird, becaufe their Voice
(briller^ but the Lumbs in this are not much
feriour to tuem, although they cry lower 5
e Burgermeifter , Ratfher, and the whole
ew of Birds to Spitzsbergen ftrike in with
em, fo that one can hardly hear another's
ords.
The calling or crying of the Rotges amongft
ne another founds almoft, at a diftance, as if
ou hear a great many Women fcolding toge-
er: They are fomewhat bigger than a Star-
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IMAGE EVALUATION
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23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580
(716) 873-4503
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p^ The Fowtth Part of the Voyage
They build their Nefts in the Cliftsof(i)
Rocks, yet not all of them, for fome makethtl
Nefts upon the Hills or Mountain , of Mol
where we found them, and we killed abundaoj
of their young ones with Sticks. They J
upon the grey Worms that are likeCrawfiiJi]
which are delineated hereafter : They alio J
the red Shrimps or Prawns. We got the firi]i
them on the Ice on the 29th day of Mu)^ ani
afterwards more of them by SpitzLergeh.
They are very good Food, and the beft nei|
the Strurtdrunner^ are fleftily and fattiih ; ^\
boy I and then roaft them. In Tab. M they jij
marked with ^. a
VII. Of the Strnntjager ( or Dnng-hHtikY. )
This Bird hath a Bill fomewhat blunt beforil
and crooked, and is thick ^ if I rcinember,!
is black.
He hath but three Claws, which are joinej
together with a black Skin $ his Le^s are
very long 5 his Tayl, which is like unto a Faoj
hath this mark, that one Feather thereof [\m
out before all the rel\ : He is black on the tcl
of his Head : His Eyes are bl.ick -^ about fcil
Neck he hath a dark yellowifh Ring or Cirde
his Wings as well as his Back, are Brown , m
derneath his Belly he is white 5 he is (omewb
bigger than the Mew called Kutge-gdcj's
hunts and flies in the Air after the Mew /W^sj
gehef fo long torments her, until (he avoidctlj
her Dung, on which this Bird feeds, which'
catcli?s|
|WB
<P^-
M
he Clitts of (D
'fome make the
Jtain^, of }
killed abundaoci
ks. They y
■e likeCrawfiili]
: They alio J
lay of A%, ani
itzbergen.
ncl the beftneij
and fattifh ; %\
fab. M they aJ
1
til
f
lat blunt befori
^ I remember,!
which are joine|
his Le^s arena
like unto a h\
t^r thereof ftadl
lack on the \\
l.ick f) about bij
Ring or Cirdej
are Brown , lit
he is fomevvhl
Kutge-gthcf t)
the Mew /Wf
itil (be avoidctlj
feeds, which
catch«
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les dexteroudy before it falls down into
[Water ^ and this is the reafon why they
I him Strnnhjager^ in Euglilh the DuTsghnn-
letlycth with the Mews called Kutge-gehef,
|ch (io not tear him in the kaft, and they
)th equally fwift in their flying, but when
itends to make them dung, he hunts them
Imakes them cry out very loud, but he him-
ifcldom cries : He generally keepcth but to
(Mew, but if two or three of the Mews be
^ther, and one makes her efcape from him,
he hunts the other two, and flyeth fome-
above and fometimes underneath them,
iuld never fee him hunt after any other
js, but once I faw him fly after a Mallemuck,
il [aw him foon leave her, perhaps becaufe
)ung did not pleafe him. I am of opinion
this Dung, becaufe it is thin, ferves him
fad of Drink, for elfe he eats the Fat of the
fie for his Food ; He builds his Ncft not very
It
le goes upright upon his Legs, like the Bnr-
Uijier, Rhatjber^ or Kutgegehef. It is a rare
|, and I faw but very few of them : He flies
lonly alone ^ I faw very feldom two or
oi them together ^ he flies like the Rhat"
jcr like a Crow, but his Wings are (omewhat
ponted at the ends.
|£ ^ uh a loud Voice, when he cries it
[ds IS if he did fiy, / Ja, To fome it fee-
ii it be at ^ d iftance, as if he cried, Jo han,
IHclh is not better than that of the other
Birds
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p4 T&e Fourth Part of the Voym
Birds of Prey. I got on him the n th of
neiT to ih^ Dear- haven, ox Dear-hay^ inte
geu 5 afterwards I Taw this Bird behind ^f„4
hunt after the new Kntge-gekf. In the m
it is marked withd.
VIII. Of tie Diving Parret.
This is commonly called the Parret. Ami
all the web-fooced Birds, that have three Clil
this hath a peculiar Bill ^ and becaufeitfec
to thofe that gave him this Name to bei
that of a Parret, therefore they called himj
a Parret 5 but in truth his Bill is not at all
that of a Parret, its Bill is broad, andfuj
flender ftrokes of feveral colours, vk.
White, and the broad part thereof is bli
the uppermoft i.s well as the undermoftl
both pointed 5 the uppermoft arch is red,
his upper Bill hath a thin bended Hook;
undermoft hath a yellowi(h arch, andii
wards the end downwards cutoff fomej
Heaping : The upper part of its Bill, as wd
the lower part, is about three fingers broad,
about the fame length, if you meafiire thei
and undermoft together : He hath on thei
per Bill four arched or bended oblong pij
holes, and on the lower he hath as mm
though the furthermoft is not altogethei
plain.
Thefe holes or pits of the upper andlo|
Bill make together a Haif-moon ^ and the
that are lelevated make in the fame mmti
W I
the lame uiannei
to Spitzbergen.
II as the picted or hollow ones, a Half-
)n.
3y thefe holes are as many raifed or eleva-
part J ; the uppermoft of them is as broad
Ithe three turthermoft ones together, and
underneath on each fide a longifh hole
lich without doubt are his Noftrils ; but the
iermoft on the under Bill is about a Straws
jadth broader ^ the upper broad part is bhck-
and fometimes blew.
)n this broad part of the upper Bill that is
^s elevated above the reft, is towards the Eye
)ngwhiti{h piece of Cartilage that is full of
Jes, whereon you fee towards the inner part
[the Mouth fomething like a Nerve, which
reacheth towards the under part, and there
ieth it felf, whereby the Bill is opened and
lis Feet have alfo but three Glaws, joyned
|th a red Skin between them, with three (horc
irrong Nails ^ the Legs are but (hort, and
|a red colour 5 he walks wabbling.
^bout his Eyes he hath a red Ring, and above
Ring (kands upright a little Horn, and un-
tneath the Eyes lyeth another little, longilh,
Ick Horn crofs over 3 as you may fee in the
lUre.
lis Tail is Qiort : The Head is black at the
>unto the Horn ^ but his Cheeks are white 5
M his Neck he hath a black Ring 5 all his
fkand Wings alfo, at the top or the outfide,
I black but undearneath the Belly is white.
k fly either fingly or by pairs, and have
(harp
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9^ Ti&^ Fourth part of the Voyage
Charp pointed Wings like the Lumbs. He
keep a great while under Water. He eat?
the reft, red Shrimps or Prawns, fmajl Filb
Worms, and alfo the Sea-fpiders and Stan
for I found fomething in his Stomach th^t kj
cth like pieces thereof, but they wtre alj
digefted.
He hath more Flelh upon him than tliej
ving Pigeon, and is very good to eu [ nd
faw him among the Ice. This whereof I
you the draught was (hot at Schmmkm
Spitzbergefty on the 20thday of Jnnc, butadj
wards we got feveral more. In the Tab]
fee d,
IX. Of the Mountain-Duck.
Hitherto we have defcribed the web-f(
Birds that have three Claws that are not dii
ded, that I faw and got about SpUzkr^^m
muft now defcribe thofe that have undivii
Feet with four Claws, whereof I found tl
forts, viz. the MoHntain-Dncl^^y Kirmew,
Mallemucl^e.
The Mountain-Duck is a kind of our
Duck, or rather wild Goofe, for (lie is of
bignefs of a midling Goofe , and is morelilj
Goofe about the Bill. It is a very handf(
Bird, becaufe of its delicate fpotted Feath
They dive under Water as other Ducks
The Drake hath black and white fpotted Fi
thers, and the Duck hath Feathers of the
lour of a Patridge, The hindmoft Chw
brff
^
mmer.
to Spkxbergen.
id and (horr, with a (liorc Nail ; the Tail
jobb'd, like (b't of other Ducks. I could
Id nothing?, in their Miws or Gizzards that
[u!i maktf rue certain of thfir food, but only
Ind-rtoncs. They Hy a great many of them
jflycKS like other wild Ducks ^ when they do
hny Men, they hold up their Heads and make
wry lon^ Neck. They make their Nefts upon
t low iflands 5 they make them of the Fea-
ers of their Bellies, which they mix with Mofs;
thefc are not the lame Feathers which are
lied the Edder-down.
[We found their Nefts wi^^h two, three, or
jr Eggs in them, the moft whereof were rot-
when we came to Spitzbergen^ but fome of
5m were good to Eat , they are of a pale
cen, fome what bigger than our Duck- Eggs 5
t Seamen made an hole at each end, and fo
\^ the White and the Yolk out, and ftrung
{Shells upon a Pack-thread. I would have
)Ught fome of them to Humkirghj but they
gan to ftink, fo that I was forced to fling
em away, although the Shells were entire.
kefe Ducks have a very good Fle(h, we boy I'd
I roalted them as we did the other Birds, but
fat of them we flung away, foi it taftedof
ain-oyl, and made us vomit.
[The Ships that arrived atSpitzhergen before U3
k a great many of them.
[Thele Mountain- Duck.^ are not at all (hy, or
lid of Men, when we firft arrive there, but
^rwards they grow quite wild, fo that you
hardly come near enough to (hoot them.
H That
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58 Tfo Fowrth fart of the Voyage
That which I have drawn here was (liotln
South Bay ( in SpHzbergen ) on the 1 8th ot 'h
it is marked with 6- in the Tab. M.
X. Of the Kirmcw.
The Kirntevc hath a thin (harp- pointed
as !led as Blood 5 (he (hews very large, efp
ally when (he (tands upright, becaufeof!
long Wings, and Feathers of her Tail,
when the Feathers are off, there is riomcl
Meat than upon a Sparrow. It is peculiaij
this Bird to have very (harp pointed Wid
and its Tail is longer than that of a Swalio]
and as long as the longe(l Feather of the Win
Becaufe of thcfe long and (harp-pointed FJ
thers in her Wing and Tail, (he might vij
properly be called the Swallow-fjtew^ but it
commonly called Kirmew from its Cry.
Glaws, as well as the Skin between them, art]
Red as Blood; the Nails are black on all i
four Claws ^ the hindmo(t Claw is very iitij
The Le^s are (hort and Red : It (hews v(
brisk and pert when it ftands upright on I
Legs. The Head at the top is Black, likl
Black Cap ^ the fides of the Head are Sno|
white, and the whole Body is of a Silver 1
lour, or white enclining to grey ^ the Wi
and Tail are white underneath ^ one fideoti
Feathers of the Wings are black. All ilij
differing colours, together with the Blood-
Bill, red Legs and Feet make her very beauj
ful ; Her Feathers are thready or hairy;
• *. •' \v, , "Ml
mammmmgmKmmEKSPSSSSIPiiS'^'m
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to SpJt/ficrgcn.
fs finely, for fo I I'.iw her il'vjys Ifi th<' South
i?(», an J in oth' r pl.ios, wh'r^' wi- wtie.
Kie tht'ir Ndts arc rhcy Ily in ^^rcat nuin-
r? : (hLle they iiukc of M. j(s. Ojjc cm harii-
;ern their F!c;gs trom their Nelh, for both
them are of i dirty white, but the E:g<;5 h.ive
(cklpf^i'ks; they are of the bifrnefs ol a Pi-
jnsE^I^; I eat of them at SfitrJ'iryer?^ mmX
ind them very good, they lautil like the
)wings Kggs ^ the Volk was Kfd, ,jr»J the
lite blewilh s they are very llia/p-poinre i at
end. She defends her Nefl and F.^^s, and
direftly at a Man, biting and crying. It is
fame with her as what wcfay of the Lap-
ig ; (he endeavours to defend all the Mea-
r, and yet cannot defend her own Nt-lT.
brought about thirty of their K^9;s with me
Imburgh, but they were rotten aiul Ounk. It
kind of a Hawk, and throws her lelt into the
Iter as other Mews do.
am of an opinion, that (he feeds on thclmall
Worms, and perhaps on Shrimps and
fwnSj for 1 found no other E ood rhey could
(hot but one fingle Bird of them ih'm^^
fch I did not eat of, becaule the la g^ Ihot
torn it very much.
'his Bird is quite grev in our Countries, which
Fers mu^'h trom that of Spitzkri^en, whofe
|thers are much finer. That here delineated,
liior, by the Birds Son(r in Sfdzhcrgen^ on
|2oth of June. See it Tab. JV. at L
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The Fourth part of the Voym
XI. 0/^AeMallemucke,
This Bird hath a remarkable Bill,
fevcrally divided : The uppermoft
next to the Head oblong and fmali Nohij
underneath them groweth out as it was a
Bill, chat rifes up, is crooked and veryllii
pointed.
The under part of the Bill confifts parti?
four pieces, two whereof meet in a point
gether downwards, the other two gapeupwai
the rwo undcrmoft that meet in a point,
exactly with the point of the upper Bill.
hinder Claw of the Feet of this Bird isti
fmall, of a grey colour, and fo are the
Claws and the Skin between them. Thcll
is fomewhat broad, the Wings are Icngifti li
«he manner of the Kirmcw. They are not
ways of the fame colour ^ fome are quite gi
which we take to be the oldeO, others are
on their Back and Wings, but their Head
Belly are white, which are the young
This is generally thought, but I am of opinii
that this difference of colour proceeds n
from a difference in kind than from a dittcn
in nge 5 for the grey ones I only law about
bergen^ but the grey and white ones, althou|!
have feen fome few of them at Sptzkrgm,
we faw abundance more about the Korth I
and alfo about Hitland^ndiEngliml H
like a great Mew, hovers near the Water wiii|
very fmall motion of his Wings.
(
iJLi'M
•.\
to Spitzbergcn.
They do not avoid a Storm as our Mews do,
it they take good and bad together, as it hap-
IS ; ours bend themfelves like an Ear of
irn with the Wind, which the Mallemucks
not : They do not much care for diving,
when they wa(h themfelves they fit upon
Water, and pat their Wings a-crofs one over
other : They fly fingly 5 when they go to
up they wabble a great way before they can
|fe themfelves upon the Wind, but the Lumbs
Parrets that have but fmall Wings do it
)re. When they ran upon the Deck of the
Ip, they could not fly up before they came to
^lacc where a fl:ep went down, or from fome
^antageous rife. They flock in great num-
1*8 when we catch Whales, and light down
)n the live Whales, bite them in their Backs,
|d pick out great pieces of his Fait, even when
lis yet alive, and when we cut up the dead
lales, there came fo many of them about us,
« we could not imagine from whence they
ild all come, fo that we were forced to kill
;m with Sticks and with broad Nets in Frames,
:has they ufe in the Tenis- Court, to be rid of
im: They are fo bold, that they would not
away, although they faw us come upon
[era, but fuffered themfelves to be killed in
[eat numbers, which we hung upon the Tackle
our Ship.
But after they began to be more fliy of us,
W would not ftay fo long. . They flock in fo
?at numbers after the Whales, that many of
km are difcovered by them 5 wherefore I fan-
H 3 cy,
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102
»*>
T/j6 F(;Mr^& Pari of the Voyage
cy, that he flings up fome fat when heblowsti]
Water out, which the Mallemucks eat. B
great many more, when the Whale is woundii
foUovv the bloody track left in the Water.
then they are numberlefs. They allb often,
cover a dead Whale, and fo we get them foi
times without any great trouble.
His Name is given him, bcaufe he is fo (
or mad ( which the Dutch call M<?//) tofca
himielf to be fo eafily kilkd, whereunto is
the word Mucke^ which fignifies a Gnatt,
caufe they are as numerous as Gnatts ;; fo
the Name MaUemHc^e fignifieth as much as i
Gnatts, or mad Gnatts.
They eat fo much of the fat of the VVhil
till they fpew it up again, and tumble th
felvcs over and over in the water until thev
mit up the Train -oyl, and then they begit
eat afrefti, until they grow weary of eatkj
They bite one another, and fight tngedi
which is very good fport, about a piece of fi
fiercely, although there is enough tor therii
and to (pare.
When they are full they reft upon the Ice
Water. I really believe it is the mol^ dev
ring Bird of all, for he eats till he can fiind
longer, but falls down. He bites very hiil
but the Burgermeifter bites yet harder,
whom he Tubmits hiraHilf, and lies down be
him to be bit by the Burgermeillcr, whud
does very feverely, yet the Malleiiiuiki
little or nothing oi ir, his Feathers are lo
vvbil
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ap
to Spitzbergcn.
hich I conclude, becaufe he \s not eafily (hot,
t will endure a great blow ^ nor is it ealie
kill him with a Stick at one blow. When
y fteer thetnfelves in the Water with their
gs, they have continually an eye upon their
ey, yet they mind both the Man and their
[ey ^ but if you have a long Stick, they can-
t get up fo foon or fwift but you may have
low at them. He is the firfl: and commonefl:
d of all you fee in Greenland 5 they cry all
ether, and it founds afar off as if they were
gs. He walks but ill upon the Land and
, like a Child that juft learns to go, but
underftands better to fly 5 you fee him
ays near unto the furface of the Water, for
is very light. Of all the Birds of Prey, I
ieve, he hath the leaft Meat on him. He
Ids his Neft high on the Mountains, yet not
very high as the Burgermeifter, yet it was
high for me, I could not come at them.
Breaft and Legs only are to be eaten, they
tough, and tafte Itrong of Train-oyl 5 wheji
u will eat them you muft hang them up by
Legs, that the Fat of the Whales, or the
ain-oyl, may run out of them, for two or
eedays, and that the Wind may blow thro*
m, and the Froft pierce them alfo ^ then
; lay them into fre(h Water, that the rank-
1 may be drawn out, afterwards boil and
them in Butter. They arc every were feeri
he North Sea, as I have faid before, yet they
differing. This that you fee here I did defign
ng the Ice the firft of Jnne, Tab. N» *t q.
H 4 CHAR
103
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T6e F(7iirf jb Pirt of the Vaan
e H A P. iir.
Of feme other Birds that I did not al
or delineate.
AMongft thefe are the Red Gees, which il
(hewn unto me as they were flying: Tl!
are Geefe with long Legs, that Fly in Flod
there is many of them in Rujjia^ Norm)^
Jtttlaftd.
Then I faw another Bird Flying fingly
broad Feet, a very handfome Bird, called ]J
of Ghent ^ it is as big as a Stork, and ot
fame (hape with white and Black Feathers 5I
hovers in the Air, and moveth his Wing!^
very little ^ when he cometh to the Ice he d
back again. It is a kind of a Hawk, and Itiil
reafon to believe that he hath a very (harp (id
for he (hoots down from a great height into|
Water. They fay, that the Brains of thisf
are in great efteem, but for what I could nt^
learn.
He is alfo feen in the Spatiifi Sea, and e\i|
where in the Nort/j Sea, but rnoll commoi|
he is feen where they catch Herrings.
I was alfo informed, that a Black Crow
feen in Spitzhergen 5 other Birds are not fsj
there, except it may be now and then a m
one that ftrays and fo cometh thither, as
Crow did. All thefe Birds come at cern
*"'•■•■' ' ' • ni
to Spitsbergen.
jes, and abide at t^iis place as long as the Sun
Ines^ afterwards, when the Cold begins to
Icreafe, and the Nights lengthen, every one
them returns to its own place again. When
•y are going from thence they gather all to-
Ither, and when they are all met they fly away,
rery kind by themfelves, which hath been
try often obferved : Whence I conclude they
mot live in this intolerable cold place in the
rinter. They reft as well upon the Water as
Land, ( and when they fly up they look a-
linft thp Wind ) for elfe they would quite be
ted in this long Journey.
Whether the Mew called Rathjhftr, that does
love the Water, performs its Journey in
le day, I cannot tell 5 or whether Neceflity
ipels him to reft upon the Water.
Which way thofe Birds that have divided
laws on *heir Feet, as the Suite, the Snow-
|rd, and the Ice- bird, get over the Water, I
low not.
105
e.?
i i
C H A P. IV.
Of the Four-footed Creatures.
I Of the Hart or Deer.
HIS is not very unlike unto th^ Hart, it
hath cloven Feet like it, and its Horns
^e alio like unto a Hart or El^e 5 they have
iree or four branches on each fide, which are
about
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I o6 The Fourth Fart of the Voyage
about two inches broad, and about a foot b
their Ears are long, and Tail very Qiort: He
of Ji greyilh yellow colour, like an Hart or ft
When they fee a Man they run away ^ i,- m
ftand (till they ftand alfo, then you mufti
mediately fire at them if you have a mind
hit them. They eat the Herbs and Grafs. Tin
are every where about SpHzbergen^ butabo'
all in the Rene field (or Deers-Jield) that k
its Name from thence, where they V very oifi
ti fu 1 , a nd a! fo upon the Foreland near the Aji
Haven. I never faw them fwim in the Wan
As I was informed, fomeMen did kill 15 or:
• of them on i\\^ Fogel fong (Bird-fong) thenii:
thereof roafted is of a verypleafant tafte:
killed fome of them prefently, at our firftd
val in the Spring, that were very lean s whej
fore we may conclude, that they remain in t!
barren and cold Countrey of SpHzkrgan
Winter long, and are contented with whattb^
can get. See Tab. 0. at a.
II. Of the Fox.
Between our Foxes and thofe of Sfitzhm
there is no great difference 5 one of them llij
run by our Ship, very near it, his Head w|
black and Body white : They make fuch a noiij
as afar off it founds as if a Man laugh'd. ^
faw them alfo run on the Ice. Their Foodfi
but fhort there, they live upon Birds and Eg
TliJ
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to Spitzbergen-
I They go not at all into the Water 5 we were
Ipting one of them in the South Haven, and
furrounded him with Twenty Men, the
[ater was on one (ide of him, and we endea-
lured to drive him into it, but he would nor.
It jump d through one Man's Legs, and run up
|o the Mountains, where we could not fol-
. him.
[The Ships Crew inform'd me, that when he
lungry he lies down as if he was dead, until
i Birds fly to him to eat him, which by that
ck he catches and eats. But I believe that this
Fable. Tab. 0. fee k
07
1
ii
III. Of tie White Bear.
'hefe Heart are quire other wife (haped than
)fe that arc feen in our Gountrey 5 they have
)ngHead like unto a Dog, and a long Neck,
they bark like Dogs that are hoarfe, and all
iir whole Body is much otherways (haped
fan ours. They are flenderer in the Body,
!d a grent deal fwifter.
Their Skins are brought to us, which are
ry comfortable to thofe that travel in the
inter 5 they prepare or drefs the Skins at
hzUrgen after this manner : They heat Saw-
jft, and tread thefe Skins in it, which fucks
the Fat, and the Skins become to be dry,
;r the fame manner as we ufe to take out
MS of Fat out of fine Linnen or other Clothes,
ken we hold it againft the Sun: They are of
fame bignefs as ours, great and fmall;
Their
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f o8 The FoHfth Fart of the Voyage
Their Hair is long, and as foft as Wool- J
Nofe and Mouth are black before, nnd J
Talons alfo black: The fat of their F.et nil
ted out, is ufed for pain of the Limbs ^ jtisi
fo given to Women in Travail, to bring awl
the Child ^ it caufeth alfo a plentiful Swer
The fiid Fat is very fpongy, and feels n
foft s it is beft to try it up there prefently;,
firove to keep it until I fhould come home,[]
it grew fowl, rancid, and ftinking. f belJ
it would be very good to try it up withOnj
roof, for then it would remain tht; longer ml
and fmell well.
The othtr is like Suet when it is tryed up
becometh thin like Tj;ain-oyl, or the
of Whales : But this is not to be cooipirejl
the other for Vertue and Goodneis, it n ot(
uCcd in Lamps, where it does not (\h\i
much as the Train-oyl; The Skippers meltl
out thee, and bring it home with themtof;|
it for Train oyl. Their Flefh is whitiOi
Fat, like that of a Sherp, but I did notcarej
try how it tafted, for I was afraid thatf
Hair would turn grey before ifs time, for;]
Seamen are of opinion, that if they eat off
it makes their Hair grey. They fuckle tlj
Young with their Milk, which isverywtij
and fat, as I obferved, when we cutupani
fuckling She one. They fay our Bears have!
very foft Head, but I found the contraryj
thefe at Spitz hergen, for we ft ruck them
large and thick Cudgels, upon their Heal
with fuch blows that would have knock'ddo"^
to Spitzbcrgen.
llock, and yet th'^y did not roatter it at all
[hen we had a mind to kill them, we were
reed to run them through with our Launces.
[They fwim from one (beet of Ice to the other,
fyalfo dive under Water, when they were ac
|e fide of our Long-boat, they did dive, and
le up again on the other. They alfo run up-
the Land. I did not hear them roar fo as
frsdo, but they only bark.
We could not difcern the yc Jng ones from
old ones, but only by the two furthermoft
ig Teeth, which in the young were hollow
fthin, butthofe of the old ones were clofe and
Bid. If you burn their Teeth, and powder
lem, and give them inwardly, it difperfeth
igulated Blood. The young ones keep con-
iimly clofe to the old ones 5 we obferved that
fo young ones and an old one would not
ive one another, for if one ran away, itturn'd
|ck again immediately as foon as it did hear
others, as ^f it would come to help them,
le old one run to the young one, and the
ing one to the old one, and rather than they
)uld leave one another, they would fuffer them-
Ives to be all killed.
They feed upon the CarcafTes of IV hale f, and
Mr them we killed the mod: : They alio eat
|«n alive when they have an opportunity to
ifterthem: They remove or roll away the
)ne8of the burying places, open the Coffins,
id eat the dead Men, which many have feen,
id we can alfo conclude it from hence, be-
ife we find the dead Mens Bones lye by rhe
Coffins
109
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The Fourth patt of the Voyage
Coffins that are opened. They alfo eat ElJ
and Eggs. We kill them with Guns, orjm
other way we can. We caught three ot (hs
one whereof i drew after the LiFe, on theni
of Jnly.
Whatbecomethof thefe Bears and Foxa
the Winter-time I do not know, in the Siimc
they have in fome places, for a few Month
Provifion enough, but in the Winter, w[
the Rocks and Hills are covered with Sno?|
there is but very little to be had for them;
being it is fuppofed that the Deer ft:iy alfothi
all Winter long, I believe that thefe Bea(lsi|
the fame. Tab. 0. fee e»
IV. 0/ ^ie Sea-dogs, caBed Kubbs and '^d^}
I have ftill two more Beads to defcribe, tl
live as well in the Water as on the Land d
Ice, and they have alfo on their Feet five Ck
like Fingers, that are joined .together witbl
thick Skin, like unto the Feet of a Goofe: Ti
molt known of thefe is the Seale^ which tbij
alfo call Salldogg and Rubbe, in the G?r
Language 5 the Head thereof is like untol
Dog's Head, with cropt Ears; Their Heai|
are not at all alike, for fome are rounder, ao
others longer or leaner : be hath a Beard at
his Mouth, and Hair on the Nofe and the Efil
lids, yet feldom above Four : the Eyes are veij
large, hollow, and very clear : their Skin
grown over with (hort Hair : they are of fe^
ral colours, fpotted like Tygers, fome are bla^J
will
\ubbs and Seakl
to Spitzbergcn,
white fpots, fome yellow, fome grey, and
rs red: Their Teeth are (liarpe like a Dogs,
rewith he can bite off a Stick as thick as
Arm : On their Toes they have black,
I and (harp Nails or Claws 5 their Tail is
(t ^ they bark like hoarfe Dogs s, their little
roung ones mew like Cats ^ they go lame
indj they can climb upon the hi<;h Ice,
[reon I faw them deep, chieliy when the
(hined, wherein they take great pleafure,
|when it is ftormy weather they muft march
md leave it, for the Waves of the Sea beat
great violence againft it, as if it were
i(l Kecks, as I have mentioned already in
[Chapter of Ice.
^e faw moft of them upon the Ice about
[Weft Mt near to the (hoar, where there
lan incredible number of them, that if the
ler of a Ship (hould not catch Whales e-
»h, they might lade their Ship with Scales
and we have Examples that little Ships
;taken their Lading only of them, but it is
troublefome to flea them ; Nor are they
I alike Fat at the time when we arrive
III
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SpHzhergen we fee but a few of them, but
M of them there is plenty of Sea-hrofes.
tre many Seales are feen, that is not a good
to catch Whales in. It feemeth as if they
but very little for the W,alc to live up-
;becaufe there is fo great a number of them.
^eed upon fmall Fifhcs, as far as I could
^rftand 3 we cut open feveral of them, and
found
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I i 2 The Fowtth Pari of the Fojqt
found nothing in their Stomachs but ^^reat
long whitiQi Worms of the thicknefsof
little Finger. We come up to thtra where
lye upon the large (heets of Ice ^ wt! iq
great noife with (houting, which afloni
them perhaps, or elfe out of novelty they
up their Nofes very high, and make a
Neck, as our Grey-hounds do, and bari
this fright of theirs we ftrike them with
pikes, or long Poles upon their Nofej
knock them down half dead , bat for all
they recover themfelves, and rife again:
of them Hand upon their defence, bite a;,
run after the Men, and they run as hi
Man, and their lame way of going dotb
hinder them at all, for they (hove thenii
along juft like an Eel : Some run fromtlii
to the Water, and leave a yellow Dung bti
them, which they fquirt out at their Hum
as the Hern does : They (link naturally
nably. Others ftand in the Water witli
their Belly, and look about them to fee wl
done upon the Ice : When they are goi
dive under the Water, they hold up their
fis, and make a long Neck*. When they)
from the Ice under Water, and alfo wheo
make a dance of Stales j as they call it,
the Ships, they conftantly dive with
Heads under water. They have their j
ones by them, one whereof we took away
us to the Ship alive, but it would not eit
thing, but did mew juft like a Cat, and ij
touch'd him he would fnap at us, fo welti
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' the (^oya^i
lachs butf^rat
le thickneisofi
to thtra whtKil
of Ice ^ we
which
f novelty theyi
, and make i
i do, and baill
ce them with
1 their Nofej,
d , bat for allt
tid rife again:
efence, bite ai,
they run as faij
of going dothj
ley (hove thei
le run fromtkl
ellow Dung
ut at their Hi
,nk naturally alx
he Water with]
t them to fee wt
en they are goioj
hold up their!
:k: When they ij
, and alfo whenj
,s they callit,
ly dive with
y have their )'fl
f we took away I
it would not eitl
like a Cat, and
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"?
The biggell of them tliat I have (t;cn
;re from five to eight foot long, out of which
.uc 10 much fat, that we filled half a Banxl
Ith It He that I have di awn here was eight
)t long. Their Fat is about three or lour
igers thick, it covers the Flefh jufl: under the
[in, and we do flea it oiTas a Skin : This Fat
;lds the befl Train oyl-, the Flefh is quite black.
cy have abundance of Blood, as it they weic
jly filled up with ic. They hd ve great Livers,
2s, and Hearts, wiiich we tat after v
in
V l^
redrawn out the rankncfs wicli Water, we
|il chcrn, but this Diih is very IoathR>in, \'o
It I could not eat it, it taffed io of Train-
II. He hath abundance of Guts,, which are
'S fmall : I found no Fat within them ; their
ts of generation is a hard Bone, like unro
t ofa Dog, about a [pan long, covered with
evvs ^ lome were hardly fo long as your little
gcr, and yet t!\cy were noc \oung ones
litlicr. The Civlfal of their Hye is not of the
I
c loloiir alwcU s, tor lome Vi'cre like a
Crv
1, others Vv'hue, oihcrb ytliovv lili , others
iifli ; they are bigf^er than a 1 ca ; if one will
lep tliem he mu(f let them dry s^cnrly, or one
a}' wrap them in Linnen Rigs, and fo
ti]cm in a nu-iii place, lor elie they liy or
(k (o pitces. T am informed, that whea
y couple tiiey are very fierce, fo thai a Man
cs not come nt.ir tluni upon the Ice, i\iu:\
V hrinr*; i>z\x Lor.r i.o^'.'S near th.e Ice, and
Id'] rhem o:}.: of tl»e FvO:;cs. They clo noc
B:vod in almeil all run
i out.
y
die '^'^cn rhc
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I I 4 T/\' /o/^;t/; Tart of the Fo)\urc
oat* pfter tl^ey have been morially woimfc
and ilca'H, rliey Hill live, and it looks ill role;
thcin tumbh thcmfcivcs abor.t in their o.y;
Blood. We had an Example of thitinb
that was ciglu foot long, tor when he wa^ lini
and moil of the Fjt cut olT, notwithili
all the blows he hid had upon his Hcadaoi
Nofe, he vvonld iiill fnapat us, bite nboii dim,
and took hold of a fliort Pipe with his Te'.ti
after fuch a rdtc, as if nothing ailed him. To-
we run a fliort Pike through his very Heart ari
Liver, and there v>-\n out as much Blood as
it had been a ouliock. The Matters oi t^^
SI)ips will 110^ fufttT tliefe narty doings in tk
Ships, tor It fouls them mightily. Not onl
t!iis was fo vivacious, but all tlie reilarctl
fame, for when we thought that they layds
in oar Long-boats, they fnapt about t!ra
fo that we were forced to kill them.
For Sports-fake 1 went once along with t
upon the Ice, and run one through the M
with my Sword feveral times, which he^
not matter at all ; I fell into the Suow up
my Knees, and he barked at me, and ok
to bite me, which I avoided, and wlien U
up again I ran after him, and gavchi.T. ^^'vj
Wounds more, which he was not concerned
but ran fwifter than I could, and (lung hnil
off from the Ice into the Sea, and wci
to the bottom.Tab, P, fee a.
.1.
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to Spit7-.bcrge.i,
1T5
IS, bite aboudirJ
V. OfV/^^Sea-hoiTc, c.i.!kd hj fame rZ^c'Mcifc.
The Se^'horfe^ is not unlike r.nto the vS>.?/t/ iii
hefhape of clic Body, onlv is miicli hi':',ger tiian,
he other: He is as big as an Ox : 'YlvSw Legs
re alfo like thofe of the vSV.r/V, for they have
Ifive Ciaws as well on the fore as the hinder
i^cer. but they have only fiioit Nails: Tlielt:
IHcad IS thicker, and rounder, and alfo much
pronger : Their Skin is an inch thick, chiefly
^bout the Neck, covered with fiiort Moufe-
icoloured Hair, (bmc reddid], fome grey, ibmc
Ihavc but little Hair, and are mangy, and full
|)f Scarrs that are bitten, and look as if they
ere flea'd , every wliere about their Joints
heir Skin is full of Lines, as theinfideof aMan's
and: They have two great and long Teeth
Jn their upper Jaw-bone, that hang down be-
low their under Lips, that are about a foot
pndtwo foot long, iometimcs they are longer :
; vflhc young ones have no great Teeth at all,
i)ut they grow in time as they grow oldci . All
^h'! Seadiorfes have two firm long Teeth j; yet
f have {ciza old ones that had but one ; it may
i)e that ibmetimes they looie them when they
sfighr, or otherwife they may tali out of them-
selves, for I oblerved that ibme of them had
^Ibul, iiollow, rotten Teeth. Thefe two long
Ttcdi are eiteem'd beyond Ivory, becaufe they
arc lb very white, and are dearer; they arc
cIo{-aiid hrm within, and heavy, but the Root
hjieof is hollow. Of their Teeth are made
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I 1 6 H:c fourth Tayt of the Vo)':in-c
Knife h:iih, Boxes, &:, The '^W/.iWfv; niab
Bations for their Cloths of the orher 'IVetli,
Their Mv)uih is very broad befo-e, hkeaBu!-
locks, whereon grow above and undcrneaili
feveral BrilUes that are hollow within, aiidci
tlie bignefs of a Straw: Of thcfe Bridle;, t!ie
Seamen make Rings, wliich they we:^,r on their
Fingers for the Cramp, i^bove the uprermoi;
Beard they have two fimicircular NV/lnis,
W'hereoiiL iie blows the Warer, hke tlie Whak,
yet with a lefs noife. Their Eyes are at a good
diftance iVom tlie N'ofe; tijey have Kyeiidssi
other fourfoored Bea lis have,- his Eyes are ra.
rurally as red as Blood when lie doth not tnra
them, and 1 gould fee no difference whenthej'
were rnove:!, for they always turn tl.eir Evg
when they did look upon rriC, and then rhq
look mncli uglier, tho' ihcy ;are never handtk
Their Ears are fornewhat higlier than thcHycN
but very near ro them, which are like tholcot
rhe^>.'?/r/. Th.eir Tongue is at ieall as big ^i
Neat's, when it is but newly boiled it may k
eaten, but if it is laid by for two or three days,
it becomes rank, like Train-oyl. Their Kt<i
is very thick, wherefore lie does not rtadih'
turn his Head about, and this is tlie reaibn wiii
h.c turneth his Eyes generally. Their Tiilsa::
jhort, like thufeofthe 6V,^/;\
[Mcm th.eir Vkih we cut no Far, it h al
inixt rogetlicr like unro Hogs-ilelli, to wiiuii.
is the iikcil : Tlieir Heart and Liver wc d
cat: they talie well enouiJ,!), chielly wliciv^^-
)>avc no aval vjnetv of Difhcs. iheir Yar'
(■■1
to Spitzberecn:
t:y
1 17
eofaliani Bone, a-boiit two foot long, thick
t the hotrom, and Jcfs before, fomew'.u bene
the middle, at the fide to wards their Belly ic
flit, but it is round without, and it is every
here covered over with Sinews. They turn
\\(ol\/''ife-^'''iffi and other things ouf oi rhis Bone,
/'hat their Pood is I cannot cert.iinly tell, they
aypcrh<jpseat both Herhs and t/jlj i iWdt they
acHir^-S I conclude from fience, that their DuniJ,
oks hke Horl'e-durg: Tliit they eat t'-'/h I
diic, b;.:caule when we cur the Fat olTa Wiial :,
c? ^
ne Oi them did oiren rake the Si;in with hini
indcr Vv'aier, he did alio fling it up, and cntch
■<\ [fj J i n . 'IT* e 13 v rrermei(i tT d ( ) c h ea t h is D u n g ,
s IS i'ctid before when I writ of the Birds. The
iV-tZ/rir/fj kec.p^f^encraliy about Svitz^berge'^^ ior
niu.ig the ice-hilis I faw none. I'hcy lye upon
ht; [cc\ as i have already mentioned in the Firit
arr, by the 1 2tli o'ljuly very naiViIv,as the Seala
great numbers, and roar moll terribly. '1 hey
;|ivc v/ith their Head under tlie Water before,
\\{" the Scales, They llecp and fnoi e, no^ only
poll the ke, but alfo in tiie Water, {o that wc
tal.ciiieiTi fevcral times for dead ones.
I They are very If out and undaunted Crea-
tur;s, they Hand by one anoeher as long as
*th.y have Life, and if any of tliem be wounded
ihfjy raake to the Longd-^oir, norwirhilanding
fiat the iMen ih'd<e, and cut, andpufliat them ;
foinu vvifi dive under the W.uer near unco tlie
iOi;g-boats, and cut holes in the:n with rlicir
rtit Teeth under Water; niid other';, wuhijut
y f.'ar at all make to the Boar, and ua-!'; r.ji
1
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r \ 8 7rr /^/^/y/^ 'P.i/Y of the Fuyu/rc
wi'li lialF thi.i.' BoJy out of the Water, auj
cndcnvoiir to p/Jtinto the IJo^t.
In fLu.h a Bitrlc nSca-lioiTe did once ilrilj
VA'irh his 7>c^^(' or I't.fh.'s into thic Boat, aiul too^
Iiold of our liarpoiiicr with f]is loni^ Tootli,
between his Sliirt and the W^iftb^d of liii
Breeches, i'o tint t lie \V:nil band broke, Oi'ic:.
wile he had nulled liiin under V/atcr.
When t!-.cy roni-, ii'thccy are imrratcvi, tk
flrive which Ih.all get nnderncatli the Vv'att:,
and lah a liuhtin:^ and birinj; one another di
they tL-uli };lood . OchAM-^ flrivcto (lent liherr;
the b^ea-horfes taken by th.c Men, linvirgb
fore each oilier ro iiQt to the Boat, bitini:; aoi
fnialliiniT vv ith ilKo-'Iectlsand roarln^r tcrribli
Thev never v'wq over i'o Ion!;]; as one otth?^
is alive; and il' vou arc forced to Hv, bi.'aufto;
t h e i r u n ft! e a \< a b 1 e n n i n b c r , they w i 1 i foil o w tf::
Boat tdl yon lofe theni out of Hsin:, torth^i
cannot follow far, tiiclr great number binclriK
one another. This Vv'e found by ll^ahiptk
Stjiizbergoi^ where tlicy got together m gm;
lunibeii?, and made our Boat take in \Va!i
fo tluit we were iorced to flee, ye: theyfc
lowed us as long as we couid lee them, ontii
1 2th. day of J:il). Vv'e take them only lortht
Teech :'You fiiall fee a 1 moll a hundred of the!
before you find one that hath good Teeth, t(
jome of them are but fmall, others have k
one, and others none at all
I [aw one in the L/^gUJb H^z-enlp^^^
n^et of Ice ; at Hrft we took him to be a^Vi
L..: weicund it was an old, bald, and xcM
he Foya/^c
the Water, auj
: did once urfc
ic Boat, and tool
l^is long Tootli,
ud broke, otlic:.
Water.
re imitated, tk
eath the \v'utc:,
; one another t;ii
^c to fccat libeir;
i'hn, ilrivipgb
[Vjat, hiring an
1 roaring tcrribkl
"IS as 0[\i: 01 ibi
i to^^\ Pieaufcc;
ey will follow tli
oi' figlu, tor rh;i
: n'JiTiberhindnrii
:1 l)y IVcihtpt k
togctlici' m gm;
'it take in Wata
rice, ye: iheyB
, lee then!, ont'i;
theii) only tor the:
a hundred ottiieE
1 good I'eeth, tc
1, odiers havcbi:
HaTi'fi iymg cii
: him to bca^V*
bald, and vrMt
to
Spit'/b;
rgcn.
'fu-Lcrfe. We gave him fome blow^;, v/!i:eli
jje took, and dived under Warcr. Wheiuliey
pe them lye upon the Ice, or hear them roar,
;|hey low wirh their Boats to uhcm, where they
jyein ^reat numbers, but I believe one of theia
leeps watch, for I have ftiveral times obferved
thai one of them did ihike Inm tliat was next
jo iiim with his Toorh, and fo it went on :
-When they awake they nfe up and Ifand upon
|hcir fore-foot, look lerribly, and roar, and
inke with their loiif^, 'I'eeth into tlio Ice for
Inadnef., and lb drav^ themfclves along by the
kelp thereof, when they run a-pace, o.* climb
(ipcn the Ice, as tlie St^a^^'s do. Tiien* greateli:
l^rcngth lyeth in tlieir lleau, and their Skin is
flicked about the Neck, it is thicker than that
if an Elk, and it is alio a f reat deal firmer ;
wherefore if they were drefled like an tLlk\
Skin, they would ferve inliead of the bcft BufF-
coat. When great multiuules of them lye up-
ena llicetoflce, and they do awake and fling
fhemlclves into the Se,i, you mull; keep ofT your
$oatat adiltance from riie Ice, until the grea-
ter part of them are got off> for elfe they- would
jjump into the Jioat to you. and overfet it ,
* lereof many Inifances liave been ; then the
Jiponier runs after them on tlie icQj or he
-laiT', his Harpon out of the Heat at the ^Sea-
|(3/;r, who runs on a little until he is tired, then
"Ihc Men draw on the Rope or Line again, and
letcii him to the lioat, where he begms to refill
his utmolt, biting and jumping out of tlic
^tsr, and the Harponier runs his Launce ia-
I ' I 4 to
r
'..r
'luf
i'!
1^
f-- "f
1
I ' -; I
\A
i I:: U I
t ;?0 n^i? /')/^n:/; ^,'?;-r of the Fo)a<\^
to him til] lie is killed. When they dart ili;
Harpoon at tlicm, rlicy always take tlicoppor.
rujiirv to do it wiicn he is V'^recipitatin^ lumfdi
i'roui r!ie !cc, or whviihe tliveth with liislleai
iiiuUr Waicr, for then his Skin is hnooth md
c^te.'uicd, aiui tlierefore tlie llirpoon llnketli
ciMOiigh tl'.c: Skin on his l3ack tin: hcticr; but
when fielycth and llccpeth liis Skin is loi«li?ari
wriftklcd, lb that th.c Harpoon docs notpiercs
fhc .^kin, hut falls olT. The Harpoon Ion
S-.z horf., and the Launcoahb ave (hort, nt tk
iwn;^in of one fpan, or one and a hall, and
iiicli tiiick, and the woodcnSraff thcrcot isaboi
li:; fojt long : tlie Harpoon for a Whale is inuili
too weak ro pierce his thick Slvui witl)?l, vci
borli or' (?iem are very well tempered, aiii
oi i!,oou tO!]i;h Iron, and noi much hardcnd
When tlic Sczijcri} is killed, the}' rake ^
Head Oidv and le.wc; tlie sell, this tlu vcnrrvi
l;.)ird, Vv'licre they ciin out the Teeth. Q
iwoi;re.'t; ones bclonc', ro the Owners or iMe:
eiuni:. o;'i!ie Ship, bur the Irnall I'eetharcni:
t flcemed. I eai»no:. bui mention ih;\: w c \vl!;
hv a Field o\ fee, vv.hcre io many S^'i-ho^;is\L
iwc wci:i.ht o^ them made the l.t: evt:
ao
.N.
Vv Kii irv- sVate;*, out wlien tney wcic lunipt,
i^lHnro the Sea, we could hardly ii:cp ciiii
ciii' BOiiL CDOW it. lb hi^b was it riiln cjM
ttic Wajcr. \i was related to me, b^ iui
t'lii uied this Grc:.i;h:-id Trpdc everv \ car.
:i eercain 'rriirh, that once whitw fn^i) ii:u. :
L;;-;ocn':^ri:^]ne Lorarch Vvh.UL5, tiiey rowuiu"
vhe.r ik>acs lo t!ic M^rfs /u;/;^, which \vi;b!ii>
■■i
n tfiey dart di;
s t.-ikc tlit'dppor.
;iriratincThim(..||
h with liisflcai
inisfinooth 4
Iirpoon llriketli
tin: hctiCT; but
Skin is loi'leari
1 (iocs fiotpierc2
liarpoon tor 3
aic (liorr, nt tli;
^ a liall. andac
iTthercotisaboLi
a Whale is mud
SIvM wifli.ql, vci
tempcrVi, aii^
ninch liardcndi
, thc\' rake !ii
:his th(v carry f
the Teeth, i:;
Owners or Me:
al] 1 eetli are nij
ion th;i: wc wc:::
any S^j.-hi:^'is\i!\_
k!c the l.i: eve:
irdiv flcr oi;i;
as it niln c^i ;
to iT'e, ir. \\>:
Jo everv \ car. ^
heu i\\c\ h:u; ;
th
«- V
r>\~ '
rov
» b v4
■ly which \vi;b'J
ro Spitzbcigcii. i2i
:of Sea-horffs, they veniur'd upon them coura-
igioiiliy with cutting, finking, pulliing, and
fliooting, To that they killed a very great many
of them ; but when they law that Hill more
ami more of them got together, they Uid the
(lead Sfit-horfts round about them, rUid ftood in
tiiC middle ot them, as in a Cailic, le.ivmg a
piiceopen whcrc-the others might come in to
thcni, as through a Gate ; and after this manner
they h;ive killed feveral hundreds of them, and
made a good Voyage of it ; for Ibme Years ago
tl.cir Teeth have been in greater elleem than
[ now. The Figure of this Bead you may lee ia
. tliJ 1 ab. V. marked with h.
I
C H A P. V.
Oj ihc Cyiijlitccows Fij]) thjt I ohjcryal
I Found two forts of them, viz. Craivfifh and
^tarfijb; of the Crxivjijb I fliw four forts, the
'>:.i-/pider^ as the Fret/chmcyi call them, the ml
Pram, the fmafi Praw^^ or the little fmall
Shrimp, and ihi^ I V Ij a ie'^s Louje,
The Surfijb I put to them alfo, becaufethey
ha\e tlieir Arms or Legs, wherewith they move
tknifclves, andaremcruil^ated with Shells.
J
\ i i^
5 '!
I i
.11 j'5
!i.
ii)
M
122
TI:C Joiiith jKirt of thcFoyiV;^!'.
I. Of the Sea CrawTifh without a Tuil^ ,-; S-.i
Spider.
This fort of Crxn^f.jJj has no Tall, bur {\\ i ^ct
and two Claws. I'licy arc alio very lil.c Loh-
ilcrs in the lli.ipeol tlieir Body, 'ilicy .;ijof
ilark brownifh coloiu", Joiucw)i,ir pri.-.klv ui
their Iiacks, and hairy all over tlieir I\cd\. i
have Icen nuny of tliis Kind witli fixTjitarJ
two Claws, m my Voyage to >>p<iiyi, whcr.of I
Iiave alio made a drau^'ht in my Vowifyj iii;r
SpMfiy (which 1 Ihill, Clod will. n'j,, c«)mmur.:
cate to tlie CuriouO bur. they dill^jr iVojn t!ie;.
of Si'itzlei-cc»^ in rlieir P/ignefsand IlciU ; rhi^
ot* SintzbiroL"fi\\<\i\\ a Head ii!-:e a L'/mIlt, bii;
the male of them tliac I fiw m ir.v \'v)',';irc to
v^/>4/^/, made v.itli its Head and 'i./il iinl rh:
ihape of a lAice. 1 did not eat ww^' ot" th.
S'o:tzhi'rgen Sea. Crawf.jh^ neither have I tlraup.
them ac Spit^Lerpen tor want or' time, ior i
thought to have them brought alon;;^ v/. hire,
but they were carried away by the Jl.ii .. 1 ;;,ui
them in til e Eyiglijh Huver/, on the i (/Ji of j«wt,
I afterwards law them in rlie North Sea, hj:
Jar from E^^iU^J^ vvliere we boug'it liOiTi the
H;7f'6'/.i;'^^-Fi.flierrnen a fireat i'-iibai' in whole
Scomaeli wx found a Sea Crawllili two ip:ii"
long when its Feet v/ere fpi ead oi.;:.
IL 0/ //A^ Garncls or Fra-vVn::.
Betwixt our iV.tfv^/5 and tl.oie ol Sptt..Jjtri^>
k nodifi-tvencej only that thole; of Spu^j^r^
to Spiizbcrgcn. l 2 j
aicrcd before tlicy are boiled. Tlicir Head is
peculiar, confillms ot two pirts with ieveral
Horns; the whole Head is hruad, at the end
of the Heati arc the T.yes, wliich iland out as
d\r.vri flies do; he dotli not look dovvinvard^,
|h:i llrcl;j;ht before, and iidewards'. I'hc Scale
( i his Jiack is hke a Back-piece of Armour,
which alfo behind the Head, in his Neck, is
foir.cwhat bended in, ?.n{\ behind it, ii a Prickle,
After th It follow fix Plate ', like the,' Armour lor
ths) Arms and La^s, and about tlie IJ: ims there-
Glare hnall black fpois, as if tht:y were the Naihi
ct ilic Armour. 'J'lielc Plates 1\ e exiQly round
onti upon the other. The Tail conliiteth alfo
of live parts ; \v!ien he expands it, it is like the
Tail of a Bird. He liath two Claws before,
the furtlicr part whereof looks fomewhat like
tlic Phangs of a Tooth-drawer. He hath iS
i.cgs, whereof tliofe that are nearell to the
Claws are the fliortefl. 7"!ie lull: eight Legs
liave four Joints, whereof tlie uppcrmoil is the
lonf.^,ctl:, and the unJermoit the Ihortefl : They
nrc not hairy at all. Tive ten hindmoll Legs-,
whereof the furthermofl are the longeil, and
the rppcrmoll Joint is mucli thicker and flior-
t(.r, than the lowcrmoll long ones have bui
two Joints, the Feet whereof are fomewliat
bended under, and are hairy. On thefe hind-
mod and undcrmoft Joints grow^ out twofhoots
below, on tile reii: but: one. He fhoots very
f.viftly along in the Water. He was as big a;i
1 have delineated liim, according to the Lii'e.
They are Food for the Birdsj as I have mentioned
be fere. iU
!l:i!
< !
1>
i yi
* I tl
'i
I < •
I
■SB"
1:2
^ The jourth Tart of the Voyage.
III. Of the lejjer Garncl or Shrimp.
I have alfo taken notice, in my Voyage to
Sf^ttzhcrocr/^ a fort ot Shrimps that arc likeWorin^J
the Head thereof is hke the Head of a r!y;jt
hath on the forcmoft part Oi its Hc^d two
Horns ftandinf^ out , it hatli Scales hke ihe/i;^
/o{>jl'; its Bick is round, and broad downwards]
it hath 1 2 Legs ; on each fide of the forcnioll
.Scale it hath three Legs; after you have told |
■four Scales more, there is on each fide three
Legs more; they are no bigger than 1 have
drawn them. The Birds eat tliem as thtir bell
Food, being always in great numbers 111 tliols
places where tlicfe Worms were. I found great
plenty of them in the Diunjb Harbour, betweeo
and underneath tlie Stones in the Water; after-
wards on the Eighth of [luly 1 found them in tl
Mtif[eUhiiveh\ 1 have alio found iheni in the
Seed of the Whales that fwam upon tlie Watc^
Sec c in thcTah. /',
IV. Of the Loufe of the IVhah.
The IVhalt's Loufe harh norefemhlancc at all
to our Lice, except in tlie Head, and thcrcior;
it belon^is rather to the Cruibiccous .\iiimi!^
Tiieir Scales are as hard as thoie ot the f lawni
'i'hev have a Head like a Louie, wiin .1 ilciTn,
the two (hurt Horns that Hand out bticrc have
two knobs, likcKett led rum-iticks; thetwootlK'
bended Horns arc Iharp belorc. it.^ Head b^
to Spirzbergen. i ij
ilmoil the fhape of an Acorn, is cut very deep
behind. It hath two Eyes, and but one No-
Iril. The Neck is not made oi itiff Scales, but
[ts Skin is J ike that between two Scales or
Plates of a Loblter. It hatfi fix Plates on the
Jack 7 the foremoit of them is fhaped Hke a
Reaver's Shutlc. The Tail might be compa-
red unto a Shield, but it is very Ihort. On the
Ibrenioll Plate it hath Feet fhapcd like a Sythe;
Bthcy are round before, and bent, like the firll:
pQiiarter of tlie Moon ; but on the infide they
fare toothed like a Saw, and at tlie end therepf
[v|there is a fharp point : On each fide of the ic-
||cond and third Plait grow out four Legs that are
IfibOars ; they have a fhort Joint below, wherc-
I'inthefe Oars are moved; tliefe they Liy in a
I ixrofii one over the other, upon their Back, when
J;ithey feed upon the Whale; or they put them
rlupwards togerhr., as the Vaulters do when
Pthey lump over Swords : The ilx hindmofi Legs
Jlarelike tfiofe of a Crdwfijh -^ they have three
I ■Joints on each Leg, the foremofl whereof are
crooked like a Half-mogn, but before, or on
'thiireiids they are very fliarp pointed, fo that
they can take firm hold as well of the Skin of
M'.n as of that of the Whale, fo that you muft
' 'cui tlieni in pieces hefcrc you can pull thcr.i
irom the Skin. He that will Iiave them alive,
nuiit cut the Skin of the Whale out wit!) them.
1'hcy (it on certain places of tlie Wliale's Body
'.(as between his Finn':, on his Pudifidi^ and ca
phiU'ph) where he cannot c^fily rrib h;mic-1\
||and bile pieces cir of his Skin, a^ if thu Birds
i;^dc;iff;n him, Some
. J f
I f!'^
i\
i
'< I
1 .1. M
II.
!:>-i
' I'.'
} X
1 I
1;,'
I
1 11
i.\
.:. I
'I
- 1 1 :■■
J "2 6 The foiirlh Tart of the Voyuoe
SomeWlialesarcfullof Lice, and others iiai?
never a one : The warmer the Weather is, tk
more Lice they get, as I am informVI. TheFi.
gure that If^ive you here I delineated in theAiu:,
j'd'h.ivcrj^ on the yth of "Jul), See Tab. ati
V. Of the Staififlu
I have feen bur two forts of thcfe in my Voy.
age, tlie firll: of them hath five Points or Ilav5
likcLcgsi it is quite otherwife fbapd thaa
thofe that I have feen in the Norths Sp.iuijl)^ and
Mediterranean Seas. It is of a red colour : Above
upon the plain of its Body ithatli five double
rows of fharp knobs cr grains :, between '.ach
of thefe double rows isafingle row of tlicfame
knobs on the whole plain, (b that in all therein
15 rows of knobs on the whole plain. Thele
I < rows toirether make a Sta'r of live oucvvartl
bended points.
As for the reO:, this Plain iookctli like tk
Back of a Spider, but if he is turned he locketti
neatly, and in this Poilure is feen in the niidiliea
five-corner'd plain S at^ which I take to h it5
Mouth, wliich he can open and draw tCA^rLhei
like a Purfe. Round about this Star .^rc I'^ia'l
black Spots, in rows, of the fnape of a Star, i u:
ther forwards, about the middle Star or b\
Mouth a broader one is, like unto the Flower
the Crowsfoot. From tlic middle Star prcy^sec
five Legs or Arms, which liave no knobs v/hi-
they begin, but begin firll to have feme bchina
the Flower like fliaped Scar, on both fiilcsw
tlis
iii I
^■'
die Srar or hi;
P?
to Spiczbcrgen. ] it
the end. The knobs between tlx Legs are fofc
to the touch, like the Skin of an Egg. Their
Lc[];s are fcaley, about three fingers breadth
long, broader at their beginning, where they
have knobs, and afterwards by degrees they
grow narrower. Iktwcen the Scales on both
fidts tl.c Knobs come out commonly three or
lour toi^cthcr, ancj look like Warts. When
he fwims in the V/ater he fpreads out thefe
Knobs on cac'i fide, iull as a Bird doth his Fea-
thers when it is going to fly. See Tab. F.
at a.
Of the Second ^K2X^^^.
BcHdes tlviS, another fine Star-fijlj came to my
Hand:^, which rather ought to be called tho
L(jdji(h^ bccaule he is like Twigs of Coral, for
which I took tliem alfo, before 1 perceived than
he was alive. This is of a brighter colour than
the other, lor the other is lark red. Its Body
hath ten corners, and it hath a Star above with
as many Pvays ; each of thefe one m.iy compare
unco a Sail of the Windmills that tlic Children
run again ll tlie Wind withal, or to a piece of
fuc!i Croifes that are broad before, and narrow
where they meet together ; that is to fiy, of the
fnape of a Dove-tail: It feeleth rough: The
lower part of the Body is very neat; in the
middle thereof is a Star with fi;c points, which
I take to be his Mouth: About the Mouth lie
isfoft, to the place v/here his Legs begin : Be-
tween tlie beginning of his Legs he had fofi:
Caviricj. lii'^ Less are where th','v begin t'lick,
a III!
11 ii
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I?- 'I
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\
11
ill
CX J
-■ •
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'i|!iri
ii'
ii.
!i h a.
^■'4>.i^
ri
i::^ 7^/;c fourth Tart of the Vo)an^
and have in the middle a longifli hollow or ^ut.
ter, which feeleth foft ; on the Brim rhevare
adorned with Scales that lye one over the otlier
no otherwife than if they were a row of Coral,'
but underneath the Scales are twiftcd , and
have in the middle forwards fmall black Strokes,
but the Scales lye over one ;mothcr like un:o
the Plaits of the Crawfilh : Be fide , when: tiie
Legs come out of the Body, they Iprcnd rhcm-
felves double into Twi^;-., and nrr, as is laid
before, hollow in the middle, until the place
where they divide themfelvcs into levera!
Branches, and f^) grow flenderer by degrees,
Tlie undcrmort- linall Brc-nclies are fcalcy;!!
round, but not twifted I'ke Ropes ; they are
fliarp pointed on their ends like unro the Feet
of a Spider, wherefore the Scam- ii call thcni
Sea-fpiders. When they fvvi^n ni ihe Ware:
they hold their Legs togeri?ir, and fa tiie;/
row a long. I had one of r!us fore rh;U v;:.
a fpin long, from the excremitv of one Foe:
to th!! other ; but this I h;ive delineated isiii
The biggeft are the handfomcli: i'ov cclou:.
They dyefoon alter they are our of tiic VVctei
and when they are a dying tlicy bend their
Less towards the Mouth. The Bodv, wne
it is dead, foon breaks to pieces, which is t!-^
reafon that I could not keep tlic gre.ir onc',
See '.rab. P, at 6'. Rond,'l:ttoi:.i^ in fus Bao';
of FiHi, h.ath delineated one of t!ic fiin^c n^'';c
but tins is not the f.ime fpecies, foi' !;i> ;>
bhiek; neither do I i^.n^ the Plaits u) !:• , i:>
cept he t!iat drew it did not obfcrv-.: tncm-
es into Jcverai
to Spiczbcrgcn. 129
Same of both thefe forts 1 got on the fifth of
July, before the HV/;p^rf/, where a Whale made
his cfcape from us, bt-cjaufe the Line w hereun-
to the Marpoon was laikird was en; angled
about a Rock: Oa this they hung, and lo I
got them ahve.
c n A p. VI.
Eibre I come to treat ofthe Whale, I think
it convenient to fay foniething of Ibme
^ina'd Fillies, which 1 met withal in inv Vov-
tge to Spttzbergen^ lome wnereof are propaga-
ted by the Oiooting of their Row, and others
pear and bring iorth young ones ahve.
I Will begin with mo. FirR kind, whereof the
irll that 1 met withal was the Filh that we caU
UcareL
I, Of the Macarel.
This FiOi is like unto a Herr}??^ in his fhape,
^uthaih on his iiack a large I'mn, and iome
fhar below it a very fmali one. Then lower
lerc is another greater and broader one, but:
jot lo high as the uppermoft : Undearneach this
Ire Five fmall ones, that are all of the fatne b'.g-
[els, and at an equal diitancc one trom ano-
ler, Very near to the Tail tlieic is another
(fs Oiie i fj that on the whole Back there is
/o ^ireat ones, and i'cven litde ones, Near
\rr» I he Gills is a Finn on each fide : Under-i
K neaih
\
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I I i J; I-
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III
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tMMA
Mo The fourih 'Tart of the J'o)ki"c
iitatli the Kcllv tlicie arcag.iin on eacli fide one
almolloi the fame hi^ficfb of tliat that is neat
ro the G:lls. IJinleineath towards the Taj
is one oF the fame bignefi. of the tiiird oa th^
Back-. Behhid this there are again fiveofaii
equal bii^!)efs; aru! bciow that itdl a Icfi one
ib that thofeof the lower part of the Backarl
equal to thofe ot the lower part of the ik'lh
Their Head is like unto rhac of a H:rri;j{, h|
liath a great many Irnall Iioles on t)ie Cover
his Gills, and alfo under neaih the Fycs. fhej
haven g!cat varicry of colours, that lookmo/
glorious when tliey are alive than when thej
are dead, lor when they are a dying the colon'
fade and grow pale. From his Back toward
rhe Side he hath black Stroaks. The uppej
moft part of his Back is blue till tothemi(
die, asid the orlier IkiU' underneath ir isgreej
and as if n)n}e blue did Iliine throui^h it. U|
derncath his lV.diy he is as vviiitc as Silver, ai
his rit'.ns are wiiire every where. All rhc cl
lours of tills Piin Hiine like to a Silver or G(
()e:» Ground, doiie over u'lih tlun, traniparcj
CT iliurniuaring colouis 'J iieir Eyes are Mac
}t is the bc.;iurirulieit Fifli of all that everlia'
This tint I deiu'ihe here was catcii^;d in t|
North Sea; attevwaids, on the 271I1 ».by
'T.//r'., \\) rhe Yc-ir 167^. we did catch io|
'ivl .'..ircis behind Scau^^d^ by the liland
.V.' K//da, wii>ch. were half blind j ii; isocca'
r...d by a black Sksu i:h..t groweii) over t'
ii/es m ihe^Winter, and comctiic.f J^gainl
on eacli ficlc oiifl
hat that is neai
I wards the TaJ
the t'nird oa thj
a[j,ain live of ail
t it ill a lofi one!
of the Backarl
)art of the \k\\]
{ a H:rrh^, Hi
> on t)ie Cover
the Kycs. fhel
^, that luokmoJ
th:in when the!
dyuig thccolou
his Back toward
ks. The iippel
le till to the rail
rneath it isgreej
throui^h it. U|
into cib Silver, at
lerc. All rhcci
a Silver or C)(
1 ihiH, iraniparc
;ir Eyes use hiac
ail that ever I 111
'a^i catcp*eii in t|
tlic 27ih day
;e did catch iol
by tiiC liland
,?1hkU i^ '^^^^^^
^rowcii.' over tt
omctii c:f o[^-i1
f
u
i-
;•
ts
Ot
[13
u. ri
i. n
-^p.
tt
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« i"
■■ 'if 'H
alrr
I".
IS i
nv(
eq\
lb
tqi
Ti
hi
al
h
W" ' .u .
the bc[2;auiing ol the Siunnjcr. \Vc do not Ilc
them in the Wiiitcr, lor thcv luii tOvVard-s t'.c
K(irth: III tlic Siunrucr v. c lie tin in in I'lc
KorthSea, and 1 have i'cvn Uictn all") in SiKiif;,
W't" taught them after riie htllowini^^ nianiiw-r;
we taltened a Bullet that vvei^^hod about two
or three poundi> to a Line, about a I'lihc^in di-
ftance I'rom the end, whereon ue Iia.l (altened
a Hook ; thi:> Hook we hiitcd with a piece oi a
red Cioch, and lij we tluno; it uuo tlie Se.?,
and towed it beliind our Ship,, then v/hen rhc
J^Jactnl dotli Iwit'cly fhout at it, he h;tes upon
the Hook, and fo is hung, \vl/ich you prcfviitly
perceive by its pulling, as you (\o v. liju \\):i
cate(' any otlicr i-'iili , n^nAVithlhndin;-]; tlii:
the Rope oj ics own accord docli pull or ilr.^w
Very h:^rd, by reafon ot" tlie Se.i, ib that if you
Dio^iid rowi It about your Hand, it would be-
numb your Hand in a little time to tint de-
gree, thit you would not be lenfible, if one
fliould cut it ; wherefore they rye liieir Rcpcs
|o the carved Work on the Stern oi' the Sh:n,
fothnc Ibrnetimes many of t!i'.'m are tyed lor': c
Ship bv one another, whep. the S!)in lails cpace,
but cliis doth hinder the Ship very niucii in its
failing, and Ida re fay two inch Ropes diaw
|is much as a M-m's b-renf^rh. 'J'li^y citui
§hem alio with Jldrrt/^^, with a piece wi\^M;.()f
thcyhatt the Hook, at w^iiicii they bite iosMier
mf'i at L! red niece oi Riy-x or (.Jod). 'i iiey
at tjcii. it you boil, or b-roii, or ro;)!r them
ilreih as they arc caught, or dry them ; They aii^
'hid r-^ be di^-iied.
K -2 U Of
'm
m:z^
11!
If
f*
;:
■
it
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• M't'lW
it '. ; I
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'1 i
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'. Ir " - (1,1 p.
I ^ 2 T7't' /o/i;//; Tart oj tic Voyd'^
c
II. Of the Dn^non.r,ni.
lb is peculiar to tliis Inlli toliavc two V'm,
on his Back, the forcLnoll: wheuot h- ivcry
lonp; Strings, about tv\'o inches !ii[;li .brve tlii
Back, the hindmoil Iniinol" the iJikk is nuiio
liigh, but yet it goeth a great way a!l alonn;t!]c
Ihck, and hath no iuch Stiings. lie Tithno
Gilk, in tlie room ot" ihcm he Iiaili two blow-
ing holes in Iiis Neck, and on each fulc ot" thele
lioles there are cwofliori- Finns, arid undemcgtli
thcfe, on each fide a broad one: Undcrnutli
Ms Iklly he hath a long very narrow Finn, that
reaches to the Tail. His Head is oblong, com.
pos'd of many Bones: He haili bclbre on liii
Nofe a rais'd part: His I'ail i aboit lui indi
broad : His Body is lon[T, thi nd roupdil
of a grcyifl] lilver Colour, and fliinin^z : His
Siiape islikeli to that of a youn;:^ Ha\, as well
the Head as the rell of the Body, i liey are
cauiL^ht between the Bears- Jjut/jd and St^tt^'oern^i^,
We got one oif of HiiLwd^ when our l>;ok
flung out hi', iiiicket for Waicr, \\\ wl^iclihc
tool; up one with fomc hnall Fifli ol" the Ihape
of an hierriavy bur they were not bigger tiian
a joint of your lirtic Fingei. Our Seamen in*
lorinal ixie of loni^ other Imall Fifh, that a'cui
tiie deep holes betv.'een the high MountJi.:>; in
the Sctiih tixz'i'>'U
!!!■
fK(
oy.v^
•lilli.
have two I'ln...
lertot f» ' \ vciv
i lii};ii ..bi '.'e the
ic ljiK:k IS nutio
vay all alona;t!ic
!^s. He huh no
; haih two blow-
iacli (idc o\ thell'
, and uncleifitata
nc: Unckrnuili
arrow Finn, that
1 is oblonn;, ccnv
ill be! ore on h
i abo'U nn indi
nd roupclilk
njj; Ha\, as vvdl
uVdy. '1 licy are
id and .S'/'i^^^':c«.
when our Cock
iti winch, he
.^i(h of the Ihapc
; not bigger tiian
C')ijr Seamen ii>
Fifh, that aici,!
;h MountJUiS; !;i
icr
ii!
/(9 SpiV/.bcrgcn.
IIL Of the Dolphin.
M?
11 1
1 .
TIms is alfo a common hfh, bccniifj'.rc Trc
thcni in great Mumbers, every where in thcSeti,
chiefly i)elbie a Storm or h rd We.itlier, (ov
then they jiuiip in p.reat Niimheis o'ltol" die ^ei,
iikii^Seafis, The l^:ad ot" i', rhiedy the Nor.",
isver 'like that ot tlie /V;.v's M -id. F:: Mojth
i, full ^ little (harp Teeth. VI , hath al'lnnon
the!n.'d' o\ his Luuk, which is hollowM oi't.
' towarcV. the Tail, h.kc an JKilf-Mooi?. '^n *ls
Belly are •:wo F:nr.s lt?cet!iofe ot' t!\c W!m'.,^
thcfe Fintisare not hkc them of Tmall or lirrle
Fifh'.s, d'.at ar'.j bonev, join\l tO[;cther v-it
t'-'nSkin, t)Vii- they ar'j a'll over fiefhy, ar.r.lu
vered with a ^^"••■ I. Shin, and ar.\c]::. o\ lointed
Dones withui. The Tail i'i broid, ac.doi i:\o
fame fhape as that of tlie Whale, bw: ;*.: i.y not
tut in, and is crooked from cie eiiu :c ^Ui^
other, hke a Siekie. He (iaih two {rn^xll rev ^.i
Eyeh. The greareii: part of t!ie Body is oi a
biack colour, but the Belly is white ; they are
five or (ix Feet long. They run very hvifc
againil the Wind, as an Arrow: They are ge-
'nerally caughc by chance. .Becaulo Figures
'thereof are in odier Books, I. did no:: think ir
convenient to delineate iiim,
iV. Of the But.skopf, cr Place 3 Head.
Tlie Ei^tikopps 1{'c?a\ is hivAV: bc:bre, where-
on is a iiill or i3eak oi^ an equal bigneft ail along,
K. 2 ' whieii
, i
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I'
-^p -Jiff Mil, f^- l<
. f!
>'
. li
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I IB
II i
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^ ■ 4.
77,v" /^v//;//; T'.r;-/ of the Foy^irrc
wliicli (lillinp/.nn^cs liim from the Dolptmn
vviiicfi is ;h chijr bcliind, and more pouuid be-
fi-rr. Tiic I'innsnrc like thofc of tlic Dol^h;^
liiii I he iv>:\.i,ioJi: on his fklly are hkcr thole of
t:>' V iiale • irs Tnil is aifo hkcr a Wlialt s. He
hvi;.!] a .V/'V;///^ //'-/t-ihovc in his Neck, whcrtcut
ho Inonts the Water, but not wirli iuih a
ilrcn;'[h, nor I'o hi'/h as a Whale doth. 'J had
i- aii'j a dilTercnce in rht* (bund ol tlic Fillies,
f'r t!iis, wlicn he blovverh out Water, \mk.
I'jr a linallnoirc, bur th(^ blowing ot a Whaie
I • r a 1 ■ c t f ; 1 1 n t y o n f a a y h e :n" i t a fa r o (]'. 1 i i s H yci
iirc \\ . V iniall I'l proportion to fiis b'giici,, !
liivc je.-ii thcin hxtecn, t^;j,i!tcen, aiui lorTit-
t\iZi:'^ rwiiitv i''^'^t- Iriiij, Their Back is o} a
t>: < \.-.i (('i')'.'!- : tin.'. Mead [)rovvn and n-iari)led,
vindv.rnca:!> ^'uir Bellv' thev arc white, 'ilic)
nir wrv near iiiUo the S'iips, io that one imy
p;i!'i;!C i! :;-iU wiih a StKi., and they k'^L\)\\^
\':'''.] n S!:i;- ibr a \ovi\ ' in^c. wh'-i] ctii'.::' iadics
tl'./ v'j!, ibrwhcn they la: the Ships they are
ciiVaiJ {)( tivcci], 'r!K:\' all fwim a^ainfl rhc
V» ' i I : . V, a 1, J i "/aj A^j-, I'irin-jijh^ a n d Dohh/is . I an'
c;i' crp'-.bv.Jiij that they endeavocr to iiiuaAay
i\\iA ilij biurr;}, and ihar they find lome \^a\^
i>i v-i'c)' iiiiii^ir iiod 'c5 (brre Days b^'Mic, l>i
eoinhaH i^c iuino l^ifh tninblc abf.ut Ur,^ni^:
•;• ?i}e
\^''
liCi
v!^J':> 1 do nor r-.ke to hep'
::d 1
I. :
1 1 ' r"
I
V i.entinnes i);ii'l i
i: :;• ^.:i (.' r;r;::': I'ifb:.'-, th^t might
i,:i;ul i•■<./^f^^ U..r ■J.:ir Head is quite b.J^^
'•V ■',.''. •■ . t !;■••'
t h :-.-L a i'u^n t'ki; ilauOii ' ^ ^■'■"'■
I
m the /)()//)/)//;,
nore pound be-
c of the Doijilm^
are hkcM* tliolc oi
raVVhaits. He
Neck, w hereout
u)t with hull a
ale doth. 7liW2
cl ot the I'lfk^,,
c Watc'!', make
Ky\x\\i ot a \V!i,ii!:
aroif. liisHvL-
to Ills bigncl'x 1
tccn, ai;cl ion>
lieir Bcick is nt a
wn and niari»kd,
.re Vvhiic. 'ilic)
, i') that one Ilia)
d.wA i\vc\- kctp lip
ic Ships thuy are
\vim a^ain;'! tk
;oi::r to iim away
;y iind loirVv \^<x^
Days hcloie, ioi
Ic about !rr,ini!ci!'
:;t: fnkc to K'jp!:\
inighi r'^lriy !-
eld IS qui';: b'-'f^-
'^•■■.
BspiJm, ,
ik-.iij
t ;.
to Spitzbergcn.
times higher than the other But^koif ^^^^ '■> ^^'-7
arc fotncvvhat of a darker brown Colour, but
of the fame bignefs. We law thum tiur,biw Se-
veral times out of the Water ; one rni-'.hr eafily
uhi them, becaiife of ilicii- [I'gli Finn tl:at
ttands on thetopof their [iv.k. liicy are not
Sivord-fijh^ nor of the lIiHie kind we call 7V/a^;-
hlt'rs, which we fee bctwctn ihe /^/i.- and ihc
Hi! gel A /id.
V. Of the White. UHl
I do not by this Name mean the v'.ux wc.
c;^v!} fohcre in our Conntry, that jr*. 1:- ^t Irn-'!,
but I mean a b!f!;f^er fort, asl-rfi-c n . a />/%'.<,(■:,,
'in ilicipe hke a Whale, and vvithr);jc Finn, !>ii
his BacJv; he liath two Fins on his B'.il'., c:s
lamuiloriTicd by others that have (Jciii;:;lu- die:.).
Tlie Tail is like unto a Whidc's. He hull a
(6pj:itJjoie on his tiead ; he hath nh^; rm 11-.. [^ A
l^onhis Head like a Whyie. He is oi ^vllo'sviiu
white cojcur. He hatli FatcnGi:;„^h in propor-
tion to his bignefb ', 1 was told by di-'ri that
had caught one, tlicit they did iill'a [virr..i or
Kit from one; but this Fat is very luii:, a:.d
t!]c fhii-poon eafiiy b"caks out, wheicforc tliey
do not cai'e to catch tliem. ' W hicn wc iwC picuy
01 tii^m, the Skippers (ay, it is a iiu^ii ■■\ a
^ocd Year for catching of \V hales '■, for, if t'efe
iind gjod i'ocd, the Whales ^nd the 'i^n:^: aif.:-.
, Vc law on the lodi of '7«,^:' ibmw hundicdj ci
cm,
K
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I
I
ii
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i.i l;
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(;'.
•I
^■■5 ■
I
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.(:'..
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si
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1 ^6 The fourth fari of the Voya^
VI. Of the Unicorn.
The oVj/j,??-;? Is but il^ldom fcen in thclc parti,
neithci had I the ^coi) Fortune to meet witli
iv\'' id cili mv Voyage ^ ;i[id yet forncrirncs m
ny of tlicm arcictn. 1 do not fnd that tk
Ciiis that 1 have (ccn in fome Books a^rce witii
tiic der<:riptlon thnt 1 heaid theicof-. for I was
inioaii'd, that \vc \\c\i\\ no FirMi on his Back, ai
he :■. virawn, lie liath aifj a Svout-hde in !iii
Netk. Whcnilicv fwim fvviltly in the Water
they i'ly th»at iTicy hold up then' Horns, crra-
tiUT'Tccih, out Oi" the Water, and to g.) m
grcdt ihoalr. '1 he fl^ape of tlicli Body is l.k
TiSr:l-^ ti'i; undcr;^^oll Finns, and thcTa:!. ai;
FL- Ui>.o thole of the Wh.i'e. The Skm ci
Fni .; of uw\\\ ;;, hlack, 'c:nichkcii };rey dappled
Ho; ic ; underne.i.h thLir !>vl!y thcj" c:re whitu
'J h^y ,ve liom llxtcen to Lv\^nty toot lor^.
They Uvifn \cv) i\v;!cly, t!i^takhoL;gh tliwVaic
Feen, yet they are but leldom caught.
VI L Of yjc Saw-fini, fomttim:s c:Jkdik'
Sword- fif]].
This Fiin hdth his Name IVom a Saw, whidi
is a Io:^g broad P>one fixed to Ins Ncfe, thathadi
on each iidc many pointed Teeth or Fcggs,
like a Comb, He hath two F;nns on hisBau,
the undwrniod of them i^ Fke th.e Buf^t^cpfh
i!ie uppernioii hath behind, towards theT:i!i,2
Follow ncfs Fke unt;) a Sickle, Undcvncadih.5
■ &
11 .
3rn.
^en in thefe parti,
r.c to meet wit!;
t forn crimes m
ot ^,^A that the
L^ooks apjee witii
^eicof: tor hv3i
1 on his Back, as
Svou^-lide \\\ hii
tly in the Water
wMr Horns, a u-
c!', rind lb a.) !P.
tJicii l>oJy i^i.k
and tr.c'ra:!, ar.
!c. The S]<:n ci
kcr? j:rey dapplcJ
y the J- c.revvhiti",
vACJity toor Icr:
»iAti40L.^ii t-iiwv ah
, caught.
cm ri Saw, wliicli
iis Ncfc, that hath
Fecta o: tcg?s,
'inns Oil hibBaik,
<c tiie Bu/^kcpi\
) wards thcT-t:;, a
Underneath b
M7
I?
to Spitzbcrgcn.
Iklly he hath four, on each fide two, the iipper-
inoil: thereof towards th. Head arc chebroade/l
andlongeft, but t)ie lowcrmolt are fonievvnat
fliortcr and narrower; they Hand directly tin-
dtrncath rhc uppermod Finns of the Bick.
The Tail is hke unto a piece of Board, where-
on the Dyers widen or itretch their Stoekins,
which is pointed behind and underneatli. Tiie
Tail is not divided, 6^c, 'iowards the under-
mod Finn of the Back the Tail is thinner.
The other Shape from the ton to tiie Tail, k
like a Man's naked Arm. The Noilriis are
oblong. The Eyes (land hic^h out of his Head.
Their Mouths are juft directly underneath the
Fyes. 1 h^y arc in bignefs Irom two to twenty
f)ot.
Tiief* S.i'.v or Sivord fijh arc great JMiemies to
the Whdle and Firr/i-fjlj. Many of tiicm g.ither
.bout him, and they do not leave the IVbdf un-
til thei* have killed liini, then tlicy eat of him
oriiy t'lc Tongue, all the red they leave be'nind
iiicm, js dcih appear by the Whales that are
I; i lied by the Sivoyd-fijlj. 1 fav/ niy felf, in oar
liorne-vova2.e or Rtaurn, a i^iojat bctu'cen a
tVkiale iiul a Svardfijij^ where botii of tuem
iT->ade a great biUHe, beating and juiriping
ai)our , and I undcrflood that in cah"n Weather
!pe S;amea let them alone until the li'liMe be
'v ikd, wivire tliey take him v/ii-hour any trou-
ble. Win if they fet out their Long-boats after
ti.e lyiJilc^ tiiey frighten the ^--vordjiyj^ aovi (b
tlie li'LzIe cfcaocb.
vni.
■>',
It. I<
3 8 TI)C fotmhpayt of the Voycm.
:' ■|i^'
VIII. Of the Hay.
It 11 ', li
)\
-Ml: I
i!
I I
■ i ■
% ■
I '
n
" . '.
j.'
» ■.
:. I
1^ i'J
There are feveral forts of them; tlicy have
two Finns on cheir Backs, ilic highcll whtneof
is like to the upperrnod of the Ihaskopf^ biu the
lowermoll is of an equal breadth at the top and
bottom, but it is hollowed out like a Sickle.
He hath fix Finns underneath his Belly, where
of the forcmofr two are the longeli, and Ir^ped
like a Tongue, but the two middlcmoli arc
fomcwhat broader than thofe towards thcTiil,
and oi the fame fhape ; the two la 11 underneath
by the I'ail are of an equal breadth froni top to
bottom, Ibmething fliorter than the muidle
ones. The Tail is of a peculiar Oiape, like un-
to one half part of that of the Sivordfifh^ but it
IS fplit below ; and the other part is like a Leaf
of a Lilly. He hatha long Nofe. Thevvhoie
Fifh is long, round and thin, and he is tliic lii;
towards the Head : Ff is JVlouth is fl\ap\l as ihic
of the Sirord'tijh '■> it is full of fharp Tee!li,ihroe
upper and three under rows, o;ie bv the other
His Kves ifand fometning more out before tlwn
behind, after the fame taflT.on as tliofc ol the
Strrrdjilh^ they are oblor.^^, and very cfju' ; He
!ia th five Gills on each fide, as the ^vrd-flh:
bis Slvin is hard -ind thick, and rou<;iMf you
touch it or flnke \i upwards ; it is of a t^reyi!]:
colour : they arc n-om one tariion". ioir; to
three : it is a very devouring Fiih , and hvxs
^reat pieces from the I'Vh.'^.l''^ as it dicy Lad b:-i
(Iul
?•
i
I.
IK''
< II
:: li:l.
Vi
oycm.
-m; tlicy have
iiighefl: wfuMcof
hat the top and
t like a Sickle:
:> Belly, where.
^ell, andliiaped
middlcmoll are
)wards the Tail,
*ail underneath
^dth fVom top to
lan the middle
ftiape, lik'Lin-
?'Jw^-///6, but It
irt is Jikea [.lal
)le. The whole
nd he is thi( cii
is fl\;^p'(ias;jni
larp 'reeili,i!!rt.;e
i<i by the other
out before than
as tliole {'f t'l:
very cleu' : [iv:
ri the Sv-^rd-\,i))\
\ rou<;ii li' voi:
. *• ■ •'
: IS of a i';rc\;i!:
it:hotn ion;; lo
^lih , and biics
it they lici'.i b...
to
Spitzb
!, .
crcren.
dug out with Shovels. They devour of many
JT/;.t/iJ all the Fat underneath the Water, and
this is the reafon that tlie Seamen Hiy, Thq huve
cnuohl half (t \Vh:ih thxt was rif.id. And the
Ijjrds do help them alfo, and what is not ta-
ken a way underneailT, fei ments out cf the top.
I'hey have a large Laver, whereof they make
Oyi. Out of then- l^acks we cut tlie Flefn, v»h!::h
we hang up for fomc days in the open Air,
then we boil and roall it, and this taifes very
M'eil, when we have nothing that is better,
'ihey do not fling away tlic Hajs in Spai/?^ but
iJl ihem : The httle ones are the bell. They
are very eager alter Man's Fiefl], and eat mai:y
a Man that goeih to iwim or wafli in the Sea,
whvMcof we iiave many Iniiances. They arc
caliU' eaught alter tlic following maiincr; we
lake a great Flock lalined to a ihong Iroa
Cliain, baited v\ ith ap'cceof Flef!),and let it !:anc^
duwn iijio the Sea ; the Hn, as foon as he doth
perceive it, i'naps at ii", and is caccli'd; but
when the Haji perceives that he is f.-d, lie doth
::ib his utmoii: endeavour to bi:
which he cannnot tor the Iroi).
.w c
. 'V . t
r me Hook,
/
CHAP.
m
w
m
1!,
1
j
lA
1 i'
'-JI
ll ■
I 'V
;i
! lis
■\ii
I
; '!> 1
*' ' 1
n I
■:A\
V.
1 .'''1
i: M
( ! J.
.J^
I 40 'I hr fourth Tart of the Foyafrv
C H A P. VII.
0/^.7 Whale.
'"TpHK Fifh properly called tlic Whd^^ toi
J^ whofe fake our Ships chiefly untlcnakc
the Voyage to Spitzbernen ., is differing jioni
other Wh.iles in his Finns and Mouth, whidiib
wkliout Teeth, but inllead thereof long, oLd,
ibmewliat bread, nndiiorny Flakes, all ]?.^\Ji
like Flairs: he dilfers from the Finn-rilli 1.11 his
Finn*;, for the Finn-fifh Iiath a great Finn on
his Bad: but the Whale, properly lb caliid,
hatli none on hisB.-ick; and there is two Finns
bciiiiid his Eyes of a bignefs propovtJon-ibk'to
the V/hale, covered with a thick black Skia,
delicntoly marbied with white Sti-okcs, or a5
you fee in Marble, Trees, Houfc--, orth;j like
things rcprcfentcd. In the Tail of one of the
Fillies was marbled very delicately thi:j number
!Cjv veiy even and exact, as if they \ui\ ken
paii'ied upon it on purpofe. This marbling on
the Whale is like Vejns in ?i piece of Wood, thai
• un itreiahi through, or clle round aboui th.
center cr pith of a Tree ; and fo go both v/hix
r.nd yellow itrokcs, through tlie thiik and
the thin drokcs, tliat is !ikc Farchncn*. 0:
Vellorn, and give to tlic Whale an incompara-
ble ]^'^d.uty and Ornament. When tlicle FiiMii
are cut uPt you ^W'A underneath the thick Sk;:!
l^on-.i. tiiat lock like unto a MaiVs M-;--
\\ ll--
' ll
K ^^oya^^c
piicfiy unclcii:i!(c
^^outh, which IS
t^reoflong, blad,
lakes, all j^o^ed
i-'inn-lilji in his
a great I'lnn on
-Tf is two FinRs
>roportioji'ib!i'to
lick black Sian,
e Strokes, or a?
)ufcs, or the like
'ail of oii'c of die
:te]y the; number
jl they hid ban
his marbling on
^ of Wood "thai
oi^nd aboui th.
fo g(j borii v/i;;:v
the thick arc
Pa re h men r :■
-; ai'j incompar,;
hc!i the!c Fn;:-
V-' r " 1 r '.' •• ■ '
S\V?s S iii;>i:
to Spitzbcrgen. \ ^\
when it is opened, and the Fingers are expan-
ded or Ipread, between tliefe joynts there are
ftirt' Sinews, which fly up and rebound again
if you fling them hard againft the Ground, as
the Sinews of great Fifh, ab of a Sturgeon, or
olTome four footed Jiearts generally do. You
may cut pieces of thefe Sinews of the bignefs
of your Head, they fqueeze together when
thrown on the Ground, and {o rebound very
high, and as fwift as an Arrow from the String
of a long Bow. Thie Whale hath no other
Finns but thefe two wherewith he fleers him-
felf, as a Boat is rowed w^ith two Oars.
Their Tail doth not iland up as the Tails of
almofl: any other Fifh, but it doth lye horizon-
tal, as tiiatofthe F//2^aF///^, Butskopj\ Dolphin^
and the like, and it is three, three and an half,
and four fathoms broad. The Head is the third
part of the Fifii, and fome have bigger Heads;
on the upper and under Lin are fliort Hairs be-
fore. '1 heir Lips are quite plain, Ibmewhat
% bended [ike an S , and they end underneath
the Eyes before the two Finns : Above the up-
permofl: bended Lip he hath black Streaks,
fome are darkifh brown, and tliey are crooked
as the Lips are. Their Lips are fmooth, and
qii te black, round like tlie quarter of a Cnxle ;
when tliey draw tiiem togeiher they lock in-
to one another : Within, on the uppermoll Lip
h the Whale bone, of a brown, black, and
yellow colour, with ilreiks of feveral colours,
as the Bones ot a I'l^n ¥?[!). The Whale- bones
C'i fome Wlialt^s are blue, and
lig^hi blue,
which
■■i:
\^i
1 1
It
J
1;
#
I:
1)
:^;:i-
all
\\1 The foiolh (part of the l-^oyanc
which two arc rcckuiicd to come from voiin?
Whales. In one ot my Cults here you tmy Kt
the Whale-bone in the Tab. ,Ci.niarketl witli,
la the other CuLt, where his Mont his fliut ur
you do not fee the Whale-bone. Jult \x\[):^
on the upper Lip, is a cavity or hole which the
upper Lip fits exactly into, as a Knil'c int»a
Sheath. I do really believe, that he draw, r'le
Water that he bloweth out through this hole,
and fo I have been informed alfo by ."i;
men.
Witliin his Mourli is the Whalc-bonc,
hairy as a Ho; fc's I lair, as it is alfo in th.. ^///
fijbj and it hani^s down from both lides c.n abr
his Tongue. The Whale- bone of Ibmc W'l.;
is fomewhat bended like unto a Cmicter, .;.
otb.crs like unto a haU- Moon.
The fmaliell: Whale bone is before, in hiS
Moutli, and behind towaids his Throat : and
the middlemofi is the grcatell and longelK r
15 ibmerimes about two or three Men^s It.ijth
from wfience you may eafily conicctuie !.(/
large tins FiHi mull be. On one fide, all in '
row, there is cu'o hundred and titty jvcces r,
Whale-bone; and as many alfo on the orhir
fide, which maketh live hundred in al], and
there is more over and above this numb::", tor
they let tiie leait Whale-bone of all remau!, bc-
caufe they cannot well come at it to cur ' out,
becaufo It is very nar;ovv where t!ie tw » bps
mecr cogethei-. The Whale-bone is in a llac
row one piece bv the other, fomewh.u bendcii
vvithin, and towa'di the Lips every vJicre ii'c
a half-Moon. '^■■
i '.
M Hill
i"iit ill k'
)mc from voiin?
in
i «
Whale- bone, all
alio ill th., t/ii::'
s before, in his
iis Throat: and
and longed, r
e Men's kivm..
coniccture ho'
)ne fide, a!! in •
d tifcy jvcces ^
b on the orhtr
ired in all, and
:liis niiirib:;', tor
fall rcrnau!, bc-
r it to cue '' out,
re t!ie two L;pi
)onc is in a iiic
uncwiiuC bcndco
;vcry v» !icrc ii'-:
>*-t
as
sn
ke
he
he
' he
2es
jve
.er,
)ie-
his
the
)WS
this
oni
full
lale-
iall
liurt
lale-
like
\ here
s or
• oufc
1 igh^
, afilv
['
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:H
y/
/.
\
rai>ti»iiiVViM),i
lUvt ST A
R \
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AlA A^nxtivhiM
,rmi
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^'^'
til
f
joRA j
Ptfh'"V ■
h^t
.M^y
»f"''4'.>>
^
. i
-2*v/
PtTZuHA
■-°\c% F
iitf
ill'"'
/3t^
•".-!/•;
7/U
PER MM
o
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,10.1' •■• VI^J
THE D E U C A LM I D O N J A
ih.";'
,B.-'
;l.^
^'■■"^.
Xorth Oiih
.6^'
uuriniu") N» "
•'■>.r'
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/
.Sckellin>l l>
^
Hayifl
"y^j
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"kiig^
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Ci
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tW.h^Jn.
1}
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)
i
I i <
ti w
!,i
h
11
:i
! k
K '
;«i
% ''"
(,^
I I
;i:.:i
\i
th.
In
VO
on
upi
Sh<
Wa
and
mei
\
hait
his
is ic
othc
'Hi
Moi
the 1
is foi
from
larg^
row^
Wh
llde,
ther
they
caufc
bcca
meet
row
with
a hal
|k
[ fikjtmlmv
to Spitzbergcn. . *4?
The Whale-bone is broad at tlic top, where
lit fticketh falUothe upper Lip, every where
overgrown with hard and white Sinews towards
the Root, fo that between two pieces of Whale-
bone you may put in your Hand. Thefe white
Sinews look like boiled ^ea-cattsov Black-fi[h (in
Spanifli called Cat tula U Mat) they are ot a
plcafant Smell, To that we might eat of them ;
they are not tough at all, but bre:ik ascafily as
Cheefe, but they did not taflc fu well ; wlicii
they putrifie or rot they fmell horribly, jull like
unto a foul or rotten Tooth. Where the
Whale- bone is broadefl, as underneath by the
I Root, there groweth fmall Whale-bones, the
other greater, as you fee fmall and large Trees
one amongfi: the other in a Wood. 1 believe
the fmall Whale-bone doth not grow bigger,
as one miglit think that fome of the great pie-
ces thereof might come out, and that fo this
fmall Whale bone might grow up again in the
room ilicrcof, or as in Children the Hair grows
again wlicn cut off; but it is not fo , for this
I Whale-bone is quite another fort, for it is from
one end to to'tlicr of an equal thickncfs, and full
lot long Jacks like Horfes Hair. Tlie Whale-
bone is underneath narrow and pointed, and all
overgrown with Hair, that it may not hurt
that that is young : But without the Whale-
bone hath a Cavity, for it is turned juii like
luiuo a Gurter wherein the Water runs, where
it lyech one over the other, as the Shields or
uhmoHlraiv-fiflj^ or the Pantiles of an ilouie
[that lye one ovir tlic other, for clfj it mi[;ht
cafilv
, 1^
'1
■I *!
!'.i:i
W
[ \ \
,1, i-i
}
lit
1
]Vi
mm
!' h^ll
' 1 ii !
i P !
if
i! ■ >
■!i ; ;
'I ii '
m\
Mi
i I 1
.(I
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'h\
I' fi -M-f
I,'.!
■SI:
f<i
I'l'
I
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if! i
:!(t I
1 4 4 T'he fourth Tart of the VoyagQ
eafily wound or hurt the under Lips. lam
opinion that one might ufe Whale bone in anyl
thing that we ufe Boards for, for they make
Whale-bone, Boxes, Knife hafts, Walking-(Hck
and the like. I fliould think that out of the
Hair of the Fifli might be made fomething, as
the Spaniards do out of the wild Sempervm
JlO'?s (by them called SavtLi) they prepare it
like Flax or Hemp, and fo make Packthreads,
Cloths and the like Manufatlures of it.
To cut the W hale-bones out is alfo a peculiar
Trade, and abundance of Iron-Tools belong
thbreunto. The lower part of the Whalt's
Mouth is commonly white. The Tongue ly-
eth among the Whalebones; it is very dole
tyed to the undermoft Chap or Lip ; it is very
large and white, with black fpots at the edges:
It is a fofc fpongy Fat, which cannot eafily be
cut; it makes a great deal of work to the Cutter
(for fo they call the Man that doth cut the Fat
into fmall pieces with a large Knife, which
cannot well be done with other Knifes, becaulo
it is tough and loft) wherefore they fling the
Tongue away, elfe they might get five, fix or
ieven Barrels of Train-oyl out of it, but, as
Ifaid before, they fling it away, becaufeof its
Ibftnefs ; and this is the moll: picaflng Food ibr
the S-vord fjh. Upon his Mead is the liovd or
Bump before the Eyes and Finns: At the rep
of this Bump, on each fide , is a Spo!iL-Iu}!i',
two over-againll one another, which arc b-n-
^cd. on each fide like an S, or as rlie hole tiuit
is cut on a Violin, whcreouc he dotli l-iow ilic
to Spiczbergen. I45
UTater very fiercely, that it. roar> like a hollow
Wind which we hear when the Wind blow-
ethintoa Cave, or againft the corner of a Board,
or Uke an Organ-pipe. This may be heard
at a leagues diftance, although you do not fee
him by reafon of the thick and foggy Air.
The Whale blowethor fpouts the Water fier-
ceft of all when he is wounded, then it founds
as the roaring of the Sea in a great Stornij
and as we hear the Wind in a very hard Storm.
Behind this Bump the UHmle is fomewhat more
bended in than the Finn-fijlj^ yet when they
[mm you cannot well difcern one from theother,
except you obferve it very exad^ly, for it is
only the Finn on the Fhn'fiflj\ Back that di-
llinguifhes him from the Whale, The Head
of the Whale is not round at the top, but fome-
|vhat flat, and goeth down floaping, like unto
le tyling of an Houfe , to the under Lip.
he under Lip is broader than the Whde is
n any part of the Body , and broadeft in the
iddie J before and behind it is fomething
arrowei*, according to the fhape of the Head,
n one word, all the whole Fifh is fhaped like un-
oa Shoomaker's Laft, if you look upon it from
leneath. Behind the Knob or Bump where
he Finns are, between that and the Finns, are
lis Eyes, which are not much bigger than thofe
if a Bullock, with Eye-lids and Hair, like
^ens Eyes. The Chryflal of the Eye is not
uch bigger than a Pea, clear, white, and tran-
larent as Chryftal ; the colour of fome is yel-
Jwilh^ of others quite whirc: 71ic 6WA are
L threg
i i'
%
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I ■
I ii
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il
I I.
('!
it
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i !. , I f
f ;
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Jf
t
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! 1
\i!: f'l
K"
■Sti
!,<
1 46 Tl^e fourth Tart of the Voyage
three times as big as thofc of the Whale. The
Eyes of the Whale are placed very low, almoft
ac the end of the upper Lip. Some bring alon^
with them from Spttzbergen fome Bones, which
they pretend to be the Ears of the Whale ; but I
can fay nothing to this, becaufe I never faw
any; but thus much I do remember, that I
have heard them fay that they lye very deep.
The Whale doth not hear when he fpouts the
Water , wherefore he is eafieft to be ftruck at
that time. His Belly and Back are quite red
and underneath the Belly they are commonlj
white, yet fome of them are Coal black ; mof
of them that I faw were white. Thjy lool
very beautiful when the Sunfhines upon them
the fmall clear Waves of the Sea that are eve
him gliften like Silver. Some of them ar
marbled on their Back and Tail. Where h
hath been wounded there remaineth always 1
white Scar. I underfto"»d of one of our Haf
pooniers that he once caught a Whale zt Sfiti
bergen that was white all over. Half white
havefcen fome, but one above the reft, whic
was a Female, was a beautiful one ; fhewas
over marbled black and yellow : Thofe that at
black are not all of the fame colour, for fon
of them are as black as Velvet, others of a Co
black, others of the colour of a Tench, Wbe
they are well they are asflippery as an Et
butonemay rtand upon them, becaufe they a
{o foft, that the Flefh thereof giveth way too
weight: And the outward Skin is thin.
Parchment, and is eafily pulled off with on
Han
lil
Voyage
to Spiczb
ergen.
H7
ite. Thoy loo'
lines uponthem|
Sea that are ovei
le of them ar
e iVhale. Thclgands when the Fifh grows hot. I know not
ry low, alrnoftlyhether the Skin is thus burnt by the inward
>me bring along||eat of the FiQi when he lies dry a floating
e Bones, whichlupon the Water. The Sun beams feem not to
^^Whale', butli|jave fo great power as to dry the Skin fo.
fe I never fawji^e found our firft Whale was fo much heated
lember , that Ay fiis hard fwimming that he flunk aUve ; we
ye very deep. m^^\^ puH of great pieces of the Skin, of the
sn he fpouts thingth of a Man , which we could not do to
; to be ft ruck atKther Fifhes that were not fo much heated :
ck are quite redE^t from Whales that have been dead fome
^ are commonlmys, and are dry, where alfo the Sun Ihines
oal black 5 mo(B,pon them, or when it doth not rain, one may
dl off a great deal of the Skin, but it flinks
fely ofTrain-oyl, or Fat, that ferments thro'
e Pores of the Skin. I kno\v not what ufe ta
ake of this Skin, but I havefeen Women tye
rail. Where h|heir Flax with it about the Diftaff.
laineth always I fhe Whale lofeth his beautiful white colour
one of our HaAhen it groweth dry, for before there is more
a Whale at 5/>/f#ack amongft it, which makes the white (hew
^r. Half whitelg better, neither doth the black look fo well
X the reft, whicfcer [^ \^ ^^y^ for it groweth then brownifh*
1 one ; (he wasaifh^jn you ^old the Skin againft the light, you
V ; Thofe that aje many fmall Pores in it, where the Sweat co-
colour, for foir leth through.
, others of a Co y\^q Yard of the Whale \s a ftrong Sinew,
a Tench, 'Wb( 1^ according as they are in bignefs, lix, feven
ppery as an E( ejght foot long , as I have feen my felf.
, becaufe they ai fherc this Yard is fixed the Skui is doubled,
giveth way tool ^\^^^ jt n^s j^^ like Ja Knife in a Sheath,
)kin is thin 5 lil here you can fee nothing of the Knife but
lied off with on ,1^ ^ ji^i^, ^f ^h^ tjaft. The part of Genera-
Hiin i^ 2 tion
■
,. ' -
• u
\m
II
'••;i
11 'i
! I
I I
nl!
l-'i
\l
! i.l"'
U ' I
urii'-i
h Ml
1 48 Tl^e fourth Tart of the Voyage
tion in the Female is juft fhaped like as that of
four-legged Beafts. At the fides of Pudendum
ftand out the two Breads , with Nipples on
them, like unto thofe of Cows : Some of thefq
Brealh are quite white, fome are fpeckled witli
black and blue Spots, like a Lapwing's Egg
When they have no young ones they have buc
fmall Breafts. I am informed, that when they
couple together they fland upright, clofe to on(
another, with their Heads out of the Water
whic feemeth very probable, becaufe they can'
not keep long under Water, and chiefly in fticl
a heat. They fay that they have but tw(
young ones at a time, for they have neve
found more than two young ones within them
How long they carry their young is not eafi
determin'd ; fome fay they go as long as a Cow
but it is very uncertain, he that will believe
may. The Sperm of a Whale^ when it is frel
fmells like Wheaten-flower that is boiled
Water, when it is ftill hot it is very wiiite
one may draw it out in Threads like hot Sea
ing-wax, Glew, or the like ; when it growet
cold it turns to a Musk-colour,and fmells ftron
and little red Worms grow in it, like untotl
grey ones, that you may fee in Tab. P. ma
ked with C. I have try'd feveral ways to kee
this Sperm fweet and frefb, but I could nevi
make it like unto that Sperma-citti which tl
Apothecaries fell in their Shops. One may d
of this Sperm whole Pails full out of the Wate
for as well this as chat of the Seahorfes and Sea
fwims upon the Sea like Fat, and we fee abu
dan(
I I '11
m
Voyage
to
Spit;zb
ergen;
149
like as that ofldance of it in calm Weather, fo that it doth
s of PudenciurM^^VQ the Sea all foul and (limy I try'd to
th Nipples onldry this Sperm of a Whale in the Sun, and it
: Some of thefellook'd like Snot, and when the thin Slime was
•e fpeckled witliliiry'd away from it, look'd like to FiU meteorkay
Lapwings Egglfave only that they are thicker and more heavy.
> they have butlAnother parcel I boiPd in Sea- water, juft as I
that when theiook it out of the Water, until the Water was
^ht, clofe to on Jevaporated from it, then I had fome Sea fait,
r of the Water Ind a nafty brown Slime. The third parcel I
ecaufe they canlboird in frefli Water, and afterwards again in
id chiefly in fticliSea Water, and the longer I kept it afterwards
have but twjthe more it ftunk,and the harder it grew. The
ourth parcel I intended to keep in the falt-
acer, with an intention to carry it along with
e to Hamburgh, but it diffolv'd in the Water,
ike Glew , and the Water became foul and
inking, fo that I could no ways make it like
he Sperma-cati of the Jpotheraries. Where the
ard doth begin it is four-fquare, confifting of
is very wbitelnany ftrong Sinews; if you dry them they are
ds like hot Seals tranfpa rent as Fifh-Glew ; out of thefe Sinews
when it growetihe Seamen make twifted Whips. Their Bones
nd fmells ftionlre hard, like unto them of great four-footed
it, like untotliBeafts, but porous, like unto a Spunge, and fil-
n Tab. P. iTiaied with Marrow, when that is confum'd out,
ral ways to keeliey will hold a great deal of Water, for the
3Ut I could n2V( Dies are big, like unto the Wax of a Honey-
Ofnb. Two great and ftrong Bones hold up
hey have neve
les within the
ung is not eafil
is long as a t
at will believe
when it is fre
hat is boiled
owl
\a'Ciitt w
hich x\
>.
One may di he under-Lip, they lie one againft the other.
)utofthe Wate
eahorfes and Sea
and we fee abu
dan
d both of them make a Figure like unto an
lalf-moon, but one alone by it feif makes a Fi-
ure like to a quarter of the Moon. Some of
L J thefe
!-
ihfM
'I .
L' 1 S
',
' f
I ii
U, I
! ' f
I !
150 T7;e /o«?*^/; 'P^?t of the Voyage
thefe Bones I faw at Spitzbergen^ lyirsg O" the
Ssrand^ about 20 foot long, of a very white
colour, as if they had been calcined. Our Sea-
men bring fome of thefe along with them home,
to fhew us how big fome Whales are, which are
already whitened to their Hands, for thofe that
come freOi from a Whale, ft ink abominably, be-
caufe of the Marrow that is in them. Their
Flefh is courfe and hard, and it doth look like
unto that of a Bull, it is intermix'd with many
Sinews ; it is very dry and lean when it is boi-
led,becaufe their Fat is only between their Flefli
and Skin : Some looks green and blue as our
powder'd Beef, chiefly where the Mufcles meet
together ; if one lets it lie a little, it grows
black and ftinking. The Flefh of the Tail
boils tendercft, and is not quite fo dry as that
of the Body. When we have a mind to eat
a Whde^ we cut great pieces off before the Tail
where it is four-fquare, and boil it like othei
Meat 5 good Beef I prefer far before it, ye
rather than be ftarv'd, I advife to eat WhaW,
Flef/j^ for none of our Men dy*d of it, and th(
french?Ke?» did eat almoft daily of it, they flinj
it fometimes on the tops of their Tubs, andle
it lie until it is black, and yet they eat it fo
all that. The Flefh of a HwWp, as well astlia
of the Si'a/eSy is alone by it felf, and the Fata
the top thereof, between the Flefh and Skii
It is about fix Inches thick en the Back and lie
ly, but I have alfo feen it a Foot thick upon
Fin, according as they are great or little FiO
'Ihc Fat of f heir under Lip is thicker than tw
I'OG
II ;i
'■■;i
, lying on the
a very white
ed. Our Sea-
to Spitsbergen. M '
Foot, and is the thickeft of all the Whde^ The
Tongue, as I have faid before, is faftned to it,
but very foft, but it cofts too much labour to
Tth m home 1^"^ ^^' ^^^ of fome Whdes is much thicker
^ \.\A^ ^rllthan that of others, as it is with other Animals
arct wnicnarel" , . , ' . , , ,
f r thofe thatl'^^ Men, where one is much leaner than ano-
* ° noKlv hp Ither. In the Fat are little Sinews interfpers'd,
Xr ^Thetrth!<^i: hold the Oyl, as a Sponge does Water,
doth look like^h^ch 0"^ may fqueeze out : fhe other itron^
M with manvl^'"^^^ ^^^ chiefly about the Tail, where it is
^^ h n it is boi-ff^^""^^' ^°^' ^^^^ *^ ^^ ^"^"^ ^"^ winds him-
^ ^ .UcW P?ip(i^lfelfi as a Ship is turn'd by the Rudder, but his
veen tneir rieini' ' u- r\ j ^ j- i • u- r
A blue as ourl^^""^ ^^^ Oars, and according to his bignels
'" Mufcles meetl^^ ^°^^ himfelf along with them as fwiftly as a
r^tl it srowsP^^^ ^^^^> ^"^ ^^^h make a long track in the
efh^f the Taf f^' ^^ ^ g^5^^Ship doth when under fail, fo
r/^ Arxr o<i tha#^^^ ^^ remaius divided for a while.
te 10 ory as ^n^l ^^e mjales of the North Cave (they are fo cal-
a mind to eat oi , r ^u u u ^ o ■ t
^before the TaHf^' becaufe they are caught between Spitzber^
oil it like others ^"^ Norway) being not fo big, therefore do
before it vel"^^ ^ much Fat as thofe of *S/>//^^6'/'^e;/,
»^ t eat WhalM^'^ of thofe of the North Cape you fliall not fill
d ^f it and th#^°^^ ^^"? twenty, or thirty Cardels of Fat ;
?• ' 1 ^ flinl^^ middling fort of thofe of Spitzbergen yield
Mr Tubs, andleF«^"?onIy^^eventy, eighty or ninety and they
fet they eat it fofc ^.^^"^ % o^. ^^^^X, ^^^\ l^^S j>^'^ biggefl-
, as well as thar^^^^w^s fifty tnreefo^^^ a iid we cut oft
' 1 the FataK"^ ^^ much Fat as filld feventy Cardels 5 his
FMh ' nd Skirt^^^ ^^^^ about three fathom and an half broad.
I ' R k anc* Beff^^ Skipper Peter Peterfon of Friefland informed
t- thkk uponP^' ^^^^ '^^V found a dead Whale, whereof
f°° ' 1 ttlc FiOf ^^y ^^^ ^"^ '^^ much Fat as fili'd one hundred
Tr^ker t^an t\vl"^ thirty Cardels, his Tail was three fathom
1
1
1
. 1
I.
!'.
1'
1
1
1
t
,:Si^^K
Too
L4
and
i 1
I
1,'Uii 1 !■!,
|] 1 I
H'r
m
*,'■
! if
i!'l
I.
': i
I' * M'
1 5 1 The fourth Tart of the f^oyctgc
and an half broad, but he was not much longer
than our biggefi, as one may guefs by the Tail
alfo, yet much thicker and fatter; from whence
one may infer, that they do not grow much
longer, but only in thicknefs or fatnefs, as we
daily fee : Nor did I ever hear that a bigger or
better Whale was ever caught, and even thofe
but feldom, for if there were many fuch, our
Ships could not hold fo much Fat as it cut from
ten, fifteen or twenty M^/^^/w, as fome of them
have fometimes taken in.
Over the Fat is, bcfidesthe uppermoft thin
Skin already defcribed, another Skin of about
an inch thick, proportionable to the bignefs of
the Whale ; it is colour'd according to the co.
lour of the Fifli; if the Fifh be black, thisun-
dermoil thick Skin is fo; iftheoutmoft Skin that
is like Parchment is white or yellow, the thick
one underneath it is of the fame colour. This
thick Skin is not ftiff nor tough at all, fo that
one might drefs it like Leather, but it dries juft
like unto the Fungus that grows on Elder,
which we call jews-ears^ which are thick and
turgid when they are green and frefli, but brit-
tle when tlTey are dried ; whereforh this Skin
is not efteem'd at all. This and the uppermoft
thin Skin that covers this, are the occafiOxn that
the IV h ale y. which I take to be the ftrongeft and
biggeft of all Creatures in the Water, cannot
make ufe of his (Irength, becaufe they are too
jfoft to do much.
I have nothing to relate of the inward Parts
of the Whale, but only that his Guts feem to
!'i
t much longer
jfs by the Tail
from whence
)t grow much
'atnefs, as we
It a bigger or
ind even thofe
lany fuch, our
t as it cut from
fome of them
ippermoft thin
Skin of about
the bignefs of
iing to the co.
black, thisun-
tmoft Skin that
How, the thick
e colour. This
at all, To that
but it dries juft
lows on Elder,
are thick and
frefli, but brit-
icforh this Skin
I the uppermoft
le occafion that
e ftrongeft and
Water, cannot
ife they are too
le inward Parts
Guts feem to
b
s
to Spitzbergen. i 5 :{
be of aFlelh colour ; they were full of Wind,
and the Dung that was within them was yel-
low.
The Food of the Whale^ as it is believe ;, are
the fmall Sea-fnails, the Draught whereof you
may fee ate, in the Tab. ^Q^, whereof I have
made mention in another place, which fomc
take for Spiders ^ whether thefe afford fuch
great Nourifhment, I cannot exadly tell. Some
fay, that they live only by the Wind, but th.eic
methinks tijey muft have nothing in them but
Wind, which I found othcrwife. 1 was infor-
med by others, that about HitUnd a fmall iVhale
was caught, had about a Barrel of Hcmn^^s in
his Belly. The are fmaller Whaies than thofe
we catch at Sfitz,bergerjy but tliere is more dan-
ger in catching of them, they being lefs and
nimbler than the great ones, to whom the
Water doth not fo eafily give way as to thefe,
for they jump and play in the Water, and keep
their Tail commonly above Water, fo that one
dare not come near to them to launce them.
Concerning the Ifktk^s Valour, w^e do find
that he is not very couragious, according to
his flrength and bignefs, for if he fees a Man
or a Long-boat, he goeth under V/atcr, and
runs away. I did never fee nor hear, that out:
of his own Malice he endeavoui VI ro hurt any
iMan, but when he is in danger; what then he
doth is of neceflity, and then he doth not va>
lue a Man no more than a Sand, nor ? 1 .ona-
boat, for he doth beat them all into SpUnicrs,
His
i
n
'
t
t
1!
r
'i*'
In
iT
I'll"
\\
1 I !
I
i-
I i
lit
i
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i.ji
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A I
u
,04
't
^1
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I
; I
"I
t
i'l!
!,
II;
■Ml
;;
I'f
^:
1 5 4 T/;^ /o/<r^/;» (part of the Voyage
His Strength may be guefs'd by the Fifbermen
that catch with great Nets other Fiflies, when
they are going to draw their Nets towards the
Land , what a great Strength they muft ufe,
which is nothing at all to be compared to his
Strength. The IVhale doth fwim fometimes
away with fome thoufand fathon)s of Rope-line,
fwifter a great deal than a Ship can fail, or a
Bird can fly, fo that it makes their Heads gid-
dy \ yet a great Ship is too many for him, for
although he fhould ilrike againft it with his
Tail, yet it doth him more hurt than he does
the Ship.
The Whales keep, in the Spring, Weftward
from Spitzbergen ^ near old Greenland and the
Ifland of John Majen; then they run Eaft wards
to Spitzbergen ; After them come the Finn-fifh,
and rlicn there is no more Whales feen. It is
probable they go after a tolerable cold place ;
for after that, 1 have feen Finn-fijh in the Spanifh
Sea in the year 167 1. in the Month of Decern-
herj and in the Year 1672 in January^ and alfo
afterwards in the year 1673. ^" thQ Straights oi
Gibralter in March, and alio in the Mediterra-
riean.
He fwims againfl: the Wind , as all other
Whales or great Fifli do. The Sword-fifh is his
mortal Enemy, he might rather be called Comb-
fifh, becaufe his long Tooth is on each fide full
of Teeth or Prickles, moft like a Comb. In
our Home- Voyage to Hamburg I faw an Exam-
ple of this Emnity of a North-caper Whale and a
Sivord-fij'hy near to Hit land, they faught and
(truck
^■Mtt:^ I* ■ la ^ l l ^ W^K *
e Fifbermcn
ilhes, when
towards the
y muft ufe,
pared to his
\ fometimes
)fRope-line,
m fail, or a
• Heads gid-
forhim, for
: it with his
than he does
r, Weftward
Und and the
in Eaftwards
the Fim'fijhj
es feen. It is
e cold place ;
in the Spamlfj
ith of Decern-
uaryy and alfo
e Straights ot
e Mediterra^
as all other
jord-fi(h is his
|e called Comb-
each fide full
Comb. In
faw an Exam-
Whale and a
faught and
ftruck
to Spitzbcrgen. i 5 y
ftruck at one another fo vehemently, that the
Water flew about like Duft, fometimes one,
and fometimes the other was uppermod ; the
Weather was a little flormy, or elfe we had
ftaid to have feen the end of the Battle, fo wc
were forc'd to leave them.
The dead M^hale killM by the Sword-fi/Jj ftinks
at a great diftance, but not prefently, and thofc
that have been wounded fome days before they
are caught fmell the worft, and drive high
above the Sea-water, when others drive even
with the Water; and fome fink.
The Whales have, as well as other Bcafts,
their peculiar Diftempers and Ailments, but
I can only write of what I know by Hear-fay.
An ancient and experienced Harpoon icr infor-
med nic, that he did once caxch a WhaU that
was very feeble, and that all his Skin, but
chiefly near unto the Tail and Fins, hung like
Films, as if they were old Rags dragg'd along
behind him, and that he was quite lean, fo
they made but very little Train-oyl of his Fat,
for the Fat was quite white, and light withal as
an empty Honeycomb. Before a Tempeft
they beat the Water, that it doth fly about like
unto Dufl:, with their Tail ; but they have
the greatefl ftrength when they ftrike fide-
wards as if they did mow, fo that one might
think that they were in a great agony, and a
dying. They are mightily tormented by the
Lice, whereof I have treated more at large
above : The Draught of this Loufe you may
fee at ^, in the Tab. ^
Th
t:
!^:
':'\\
W
(f\
^
I 5 6 The fourth Tart of the Fojii^c
Tlie Wounds that are £»iven unto the Wh/tlc
by the Harpoons, into the fat, heal up again
ot' their own accord, for the Salt-water cannot
rtick on it. M?^t\y fuch ¥tjhes are caught that
have been ftruck by others with a Harpoon,
and are hcaPd up again, and fo have white
Scars.
m
' ' H\
I! -I
r I
lii
,,.!('!
!'i
■1,1 >l
■i|i; Ml'
11
CHAP. V.
Hoiv they catch the Whale.
FIrfi:, it Is to be obferv'd, that when Its like
to be a good Year to catch Whiles in, there
IS many white fi[lj to be feen before : But where
\vc fvC many Seales^ there we do not e>vpe6l to
meet with many Whales-, for they fay, that
they cat up the Food of the IVhalc^ wherefore
the iVhiles will not ftay in fuch empty places,
but go to find out better, and fo ^ orne to ^Pitz.-
hergefj^ for there, at the Shoar, we fee great
plenty of the fmall Sea-fnails (you may fee
them inark'd with e in the Tab. O^) and per-
haps fome other fmail Fifh. They are caught
after the following manner: When rl.ev fee
Whales^ or when they hear them blow or ipour,
they call in to the Ship, lall^ fall: *hcn every
Body muft be ready to get into the Lon^ i oic
that he doth belong to, comniv)i:ly hx Me;i ^o
into every Long-boat, and fometimes (even,
according as the Long-boats arc in bignefs, they
all
oyage
I to the Whtik
leal up again
water cannot
: caught that
h a Harpoon,
D have white
bale.
twhen its like
'7;4/(^j in, there
c : But where
not eype^: to
icy fay, that
lit' J wherefore
empty places,
\ x)'A^t 10 So It ^'
we fee great
{)'0\\ may fee
(T) and per-
ey are caught
^hcn r!;'.'V fee
:)!c5\v or ipout,
icn every
(l
.•li
.ii;
l.onj^-i o'lC
ly fiX Mc;i ^;o
etimes lev en,
ibignefs, they
all
to Spltzbcrgen. 157
all of them row until they come very near un-
to the IVhaie, then doth the Harpoonier arifc,
who fits always before in the Boat, where the
Harpoon, or the fliarp Iron made like unto aa
Arrow fixed to a Stick, doth alfo he on the
foremoft board of the Long- boar, which the
Seamen call the Stajfen, that is, the broad piece
of Wood that cometh up before the Boat from
the bottom, and ftands up higher than all the
reft. But when the PVhale runs ftrait down to-
wards the bottom underneath the Water, then
he doth draw the Rope very hard, fo that the
upper part of the Long-boat is even with the
furface of the Water ; nay, he would certainly
pull it down to the bottom, if they fhould not
give him Rope enough : This he doth com-
monly where the Sea is deepeft; and this doth
require an incredible force to draw fo many
hundred fathoms of Rope under Water. This
gives me occafion to remember, that when we
on tlie 27th of Jpri/, in the Year 1672. did
fling out our Lead, near St. I(Jlda, behind
ScotLvjdy into the Sea, where it was 120 fathom
deep when the Weatlier was calm, and when
we would pull it up again, it was fo heavy that
20 Men had much to do to heave it. The Har-
poonier taketh his Harpoon, and holds the
Point, or the Iron thereof, together with the
Rope or Line of five or feven fathom long,
about an inch thick, and is laid up round like
a Ring, that it may not hinder the Harpoon
when it is flung, for as foon as he doth fling or
dart the Harpoon, this Line follows j for it is
mpre
! 1!
■ ('
S:
;
'^.
•i ;■
ii"
h
1
1
J*
k
i:j! >\
'\ : I
ii''
'; ;■
I ;
ii
158 T7;f fourth part of the Voyage,
more pliable than the red: that are faftned to
it, wherewith they purfue the Whale. It is made
of the fineft and foKteft Hemp, and not daubM
with 1 ar, but it doth fwell in the Water, and
fo it grows hard. The Harpoonier darts his
Harpoon with the Right hand at the Fifli ; as
you may fee by m in the Tab. Ji When the
Whale is hit with the Harpoon, all the Men
that are in the Long-boat turn themfelves about
and look before them, and they lay their Oars
nimbly upon the fides of the Long boat. There
IS a Man in the Long-boat, whofe bufinefs it is
to look after the Rope ; as you may fee at A^,
in the Tab. A ; for in each of thefe I.ong-boats
there is a whole heap of Lines, between the
two Seats or Benches; this Heap is divided in-
to three, four or five parts, and '-ach of them
is of ('ighty, ninety, to one hundred fathoms
long. The firft: of them is ty'd to the Fore-
runner, or finall Line J as the Whde runs under
the Water, they tie more and more Line to it,
and if in one Boat there fhould not be enough,
they make ufe of thofe that are in the other
Long-boats Thefe Ropes or Lines are thicker
and Wronger than the Fore-runner, and are
made of ftrong and tough Hemp, and tarr'd
over. The Line-furnifher, or the Man that
doth look after the Ropes, and alfo the other
Men that are in the Long-boat, muft have great
care that the Ropes or Ltnes may not be en-
tangled when they run out lb fwift, or that
they may not run towards the fideot the Long-
boar,
!-1il
'\,
re faftned to
le. It is made
d not daub'd
; Water, and
lier darts his
the Fifli ; as
When the
all the Men
nfelves about
ay their Oars
, boat. There
; bufinefs it is
riay fee at A^,
e I.ong-boats
between the
is divided in-
'^ach of them
idred fathoms
to the Fore-
ile runs under
>re Line to it,
Dt be enough,
: in the other
cs are thicke''
ner, and are
p, and tarr'd
le Man that
Ifo the other
ift have great
ly not
be en-
ift, or that
ot the Long-
boar.
to Spiizbergen. 1 59
boat, for then the Long-boat would be over-
fet, and many Men lofe their Lives, if other
Long-boats were not near to their Afliftance.
The Line muft run juft before, in the middle
of the Long-boat, that is called the Suve by
the Seamen, and by reafon of this ftrong and
violent Motion, the Wood and Rope would be
fet on fire. But to prevent this, the Har-
poonier hath a wet Rag tied to a Stick ( like un-
to a Mop) ready at hand, wherewith he wets
the Wood without ceafing. The other three
Men that are in the Long-boats take alfo care
of the Lines, as well when they are let out, as
when they are taken in again ; and when they
cannot hold it with their Hands, they wind it
about the Staves of the Boat, and fo they do flop
it from going any further. Another, that is cal-
led the Steerman, ftands behind in the Long-
boat, as you may fee by in the Tab. J, and
fteers the Boat with an Oar, and he takes great
Care, and minds the Rope, to fee which way it
runs out, for if it doth go towards either fide,
and doth not run juft before over the Stave, he
fo guides the Boar, that it may run exaQly out
before. The Whale runs away with the Long-
boat as fwift as the Wind. If the Harpoonier
can, he doth dart the Harpoon juft behind the
Spout-hole of the Whale, or in the thick Fat of
his.Back, where they alfo do launce him, for that
maketh Iv'm fpout Btood fooner than if wound-
ed in any other place, and die fooner than if
you fliould launce them into their Bellyj or
through the Guts- The firft IVh^tle we caught
fpoutcd
;i:
. s
" I ,
1
i;'-!
! 1
1 6 o The fourth Tart of the VoyAge
fpouted Blood in fuch a quantity, that the Sea
was tinged by it wherever he fwam, wherc-
unto the Mdlemucks flock'd in great Numbers,
as I have mentioned before. They alfo launcc
the Whales near their Privy-parts, if they can
come at it; for if they are run in there, it doth
pain them very much, nay, even when they
are almod dead, if you run in your Lauiice
thereabout, it caufes the whole Bocly to trem-
ble. For the moft part they do not much mind
where they launce or pufh them ; for there is
r!0 time to take great DeUberation, but they
itrike at him as well as they can. But about
tlic Head the Harpoon can do him no burr,
becaufe the Fat is but very thin there upon the
Bones, which the Whales know as well as we;
for when they find themfelves in dar.ger, fa
th?t they cannot efcape the Harpoon, tliey
rather leave their Head than their I3ack unde
fended, for there the Harpoon breaks out eafier,
and fo the Whale gets away, lihe one that hath
no mind to fight any longer. The Ufe of ihe
Harpoon is, to tye, as it were, the Whales with
them, that they may not run away: It is flia-
ped like an Arrow before, as you may fee at /,|
in the Tab. Qj, It hath two fliai p Beards, they
are fharp at the edge, and have a broad Back,
like unto a Hatchet that is fharp before audi
blunt behind, or on the Back, fo that it may|
not cut with its Back, for elfe it would teai
out, and all your Labour would be lo(i. Thcl
Iron Handle is thicker behind than before, and
it is hollow, whereinto they put the Stick, A
yoii
ii I
to Spitz bcrgcn. 1 6 r
I you may fee in the lab. O , marked with h. Be-
tore this hollow part , the Fore-goer is ia-
IHenMorty'd, that is to fay the ibremod Rope,
as you may fee in the lab Q, marked with :.
Irhofe are the beit Harpoons that are made of
clean and fine Steel, and are nor hardened too
luiuch, fo that you may bead it wirhouc ihap-
ping, for oftentiines l\vo lujndrcd Pounds arc
lof]: (For a midhng \Vh.iU is eilecm'd at lo much)
in a minutes time for w^anr ot a go xl and vvel!-
ItemperM Harpoon. I'he Wooden Stick is fa-
iltened witliin the Iron Collet or Tunnel of the
Harpoon, with Packthread wound all about:
the Iron ; fomewhac higher up, abouc twolpanj
lofF, there is a hole nT^.de through the Scock, as
you may fee marked with /-, ni the Tab. Qj>
The Harpoon is light behind, and heavy to-
wards the point, or before, like an Arrow, that
is made heavy before with Iron," and light be-
hind with Feathers, fo that fling it which way
you will, it doth tall alvrays upon the point.
Ithrough this hole cometh a piece of Prick-
Ithread, wherewith the end of the Fore-riuiner
liifaile.ied to the Handle or Stock of the Har-
poon, but this is fbon torn off, and it fwrveth
:• nothing more afrcr the Harpoon flicks in
|hc Body or tlie Whale ; neither is the Wooden
f-iandle of any further ufe. and {o it doih f^ioii
me ou<-. from the Iron. When the Whale is
|tr "fk with the Harpoon, all the other Long-
!;)iis row onv. before , and take notice which
ay the Liae doili (land, and fonctiines they
)iui at the Rope or Line (as y^ u may {<.{:^ \\\
•1'
i'i
\
the
!!♦.,•-
■ft
rl I.
I:"
J.i
I 6 1 77;e /o/<rr/; 'Prtr^ of the Vopgc
the Tab. A, marked with />.) If it is ftiflfand
heavy, the Whale doth draw it ftill with his
might ; but if it doth hang locfe, fo that the
Long-boat is before and behind equally high
out of the Water, then the Men pull in the
Rope again, (as you may feen in the Tab. A^
marked with</) and the Rope-giver layeth it
down in very good order (as you may fee at
^, in the Tab. A) round, and one row above
tlie other, that if the Whale fliould draw on
again, he may have it ready to give him with-
out being entangled. Here is alfo this to be
obferved, that if the TO^/e runs upon the level
they murt not give him too much Rope, for if
he fhould turn and wind himfelf much and of-
ten about, he might eafily wind the Rope about
a Rock or heavy Stone, and fo faften it to it,
and fo the Harpoon would come out, and all'
the Labour would be loft •, which hath often
hapned, and we our felves loft one that way.
The other Long-boats that are towed behind
wherein the Men look all before them, and fi
ftij], and let the Whale draw them along: I
the Whale doth rowl upon the Ground, fo tha
tlie Long- boats or Sloops lye ftill, they draw
their Lines in again by degrees, and the Rope
mafterdoth lay them down again in their pro
per places, as they had been laid before. Whei
they kill the Whale with Launces, they alfo pul
their Lines in again, until! they come near to th
"Whale, yet at fome diftance, that the others ma;
have room to launce: But they muft havegrea
care, that all the Lines of every Sloop may no
bi
'
fo Spitzbergen. i6:j
be cut* Oif toge . - ^eraufe fome Whales fink,
and others do fWi- 1 c-. C: t!> ;hc Wncer when
they are dead, whicii .. •'' '.an tell be^brc-
{land, whether ihey ^^'ili J one o-- » je otjicn
The tk ones do not link ,- v urly aiV.cr r' , aiG
frefhkillc^^ Lut the ica i <^. . tluk immciLjtely
after they are dead, but at.cr ibme few diiys
they come up again, and rvv;::^ on rh^; M tier :
But it would be too long a whiic for a Man ^o
ftay till he cometli up again , and the Sea is
never fo quiet that one can (lay long in the
fame place, and where the Sea is quiet , and
without Waves, there the Stream doth carry
the Ships and the Ice along together, fo that
we fhould be forced to leave the Whde unto
others, that would find liimdead fome days af-
ter. 'Tistrue, this is the eafiell way to catch
Whiles^ but it is very naiiy and ftinking work;
for long and white Maggots grow in their Flefli,
they are flat like unto Wornrjs that breed in
Mens Bellies, and they fmell worfe than c ver I
fmelt any thing in my Life. The longer the
Whde lies dead in the Water, the higher he doth
fwitn above it ; fomefwim a foot high above
the Water, others to their middle, and then
they do burfb eafily, and give a very great re-
port. They begin immediately to ftmk, and
this encreafes hourly, and their Flefh boils and
ferments like unto Beer or Ale, and holes break
in their Bellies, that their Guts come out. If
any Man is enclined to fore Eyes, this Vapour
enflames them immediately , a^ if Quicklime
was flung into nhem. But when the live Whales
M 2 rife
I'll
•u
H'
I i
i I \
■'I 'I, ■■; I
; Mi; |ii
I ^4 '77.t /o//>t/; (Pti^t of the Voy.ige
rife and fwim again, fomc of them are aftonifli'd,
others wild or ftark mad: To thofe that are
wild we come foftly or gently from behind,
as we do when we are going to trapan theni;
for when the Wind is down, the Weather cahn,
and Airferene, fo that the Sei doth not foam
or roar, the Wh.tles hear immediately the (hik-
ingofthe Oiirs.
If many fmall Ice-flieets lye near to one
anothei', fo that we cannot follow the /l'7.Wc
with our Sloops or Long-boats, we fetch in
our Line with all might and (Ircngth, and it
with one or more puUi wc can fetcii out the
Harpoon it is well, if not, we chop off the
Rope or Line. The Whde is befl: and fu reft
ftruck with a Flarpoon whca he fpouts Wa-
ter, as is already faid above , for we do oh-
ferve, that when they lye ftill and very quiet,
that they then lidcn, and arc fomctimes un-
der, and fomctimes above Water, fo that thei
Back doth not quite dry, and before we an
aware of it he flings up his Tail behind out o
the Sea, and fobids us good-by; as you may
fee at /, in the Tab. A. The Whdes may ea(
be caught vv^hcn the Air is very ferene and
clear, and the Sea quiet, and where there lloa
neither great nor fmall Ice^flieets, fo that wc
may go in between them with our Boars
Sloops, to ibllow them; for at the Ice ficldi
r.he I'l bales do commonly lye and rub them'
ielvcs at them, perhaps by reafon of the Lia
th.it bite them. Bcricie.s, againft the Ice-flicet
x\v: Sea beats, dalhe?, and foams, with fm..
curiir
ro SpitzbcKgcn. i6^
curling Waves, Co that the JVhaies do not ob-
ferve nor mind the llrikingot theOars, and fo
they are eafily itruck vvidi the Harpoon. It is
very dangerous to kill a Female, chicily when
Ihe is big with young, for they dv:;!cnd tliem-
felves very long, and are (larder to be kilTd
than a Male one. Ofrentinnes the Long- boats
wait fix or ieven Hours, nay, a whole da\, for
a WhaUy before they hie one.
Where great quantity pi fmal^ Ice is crov/dcd
together, there it is alio very dapgcrou'^, rnd
hard to ccme to rh.e IVbale^ lor lie is fo cun-
ning, that when he perceives where the Ice is
he retires thither inimcdiatcly- Tl;e Hai poo-
nier Hands at the Head of the Lcng-hort, and
doth draw on the Rope, as you n'Vv' lee at ^f,
in the Tab. J^ to try whethi; it i:, heavy or
ligiit; if it feels heavy, fo that v^e mc alVaid
that it will puil the Boat un:ler Water, then
we give him more Rope, if he rs;ns ilrait out
before, he drrweth the Sloops a her hin^. Jf
he doth run underneath a f^reac Ire u.ld, the
Harpoon it r takedi a Knite in his H;.ir;.^, ns v'ou
may ke At 11. in .the Tab. ../, \v!:i(h vhev'--'-^
de.
the C;h'..p!Mn^:. K/]i'v\ ?ir;d if t\vt l^-r:-
!:o!!()v\', or •pOi!['^y,- or iull oF holes \u :
hat fi'-; •l^/;?/:' car\ ^cu.h htcar?
md «::e Rope is ;0L ',0^% '^;
./W K.xW^ A^nd ^^" rlie feu h^-: levc'-
o.^v». vbev dr^AV d'-f; Ro^x^ in m:: mvKh
rhcy id\}, ■■■■'"■'\ \\: be -^
i'»
IKHfh if
fi;
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1 6 6 77;t' /o/<rr/; ^^n of the Voyage
in the Body oF the Whale^ yet not without
great lofs, tor oftentimes they run away with
the Lines that belong to five and more Sloops.
It happens very olten, that they run to the Ice
with the Long-boats, fo that they dafli againft
it, as if they would break it into pieces, which
alfo very often happens. But when the Wbde
rifes again, they oftentimes fling one or two
more Haipoonsinto him, according as they
find '' '"'■' nrud more or lefs, then he dives un-
der Wh cr again. Some iwim or run even all
along on the Waier, and they play with their
Tail and Finns, fo that we rrtull have great
care that we may not come too near them.
When the Whales Hing their Tails about after
this manner, they wind the Line about their
Tail, fo that v/e need not to fear the Harpoon
tearirg out, for then they are ty'd ftrong and
firm enough with ihe Rope. After they are
wounded, they fpout with all their might and
main, fo that you may hear them as far off
as you may a Cannon ; but when they are
quite tired, it cometh out only by drops, for
he hath not ftrcngth enough to force the Wa-
ter up, and therefore it founds as if you held
an empty Mug or Bottle under Water, and
the Water runs into it, A\v^ ttis found is a
certain Hgn of his fceblcnefs, and that he is
going to expire. Some Whales blow Blood to
the veiy latt, after they have been woundcc),
and theie dafh the Men in the Long-boats
mofb filthily, and dye the Sloops as red as if
they were painted with a red colour ; nay, tic
' very
not without
a away with
more Sloops,
un to the Ice
\f dafh againfl:
pieces, which
len the Whde
5 one or two
rding as they
1 he dives un-
r run even all
lay with their
jft have great
oo near them,
liis about after
ne about their
ir the Harpoon
ty'd ftrong and
After they are
heir might and
:hem as far off
when they are
y^ by drops, for
3 force the Wa-
as if you held
:r Water, and
tbis found is a
and that he is
blow Blood to
been woundcc),
the Long- boats
)ps as red as if
olour ; nay, tic
very
to Spitsbergen. 1 67
very Sea is tinged red all along where they
fwim. Thofe Whales that are mortally woun-
ded heat themfelves, that they reek while they
are alive, and the Birds fit on them, and cat oq
them while they are ftill alive. When the
Whales blow up the Water, they fling out with
it fome fattifh Subflance that floats upon the
Sea like Sperm, and this Fat the MdlUttiucks
devour greedily, of which feveral thoufands at-
tend Iiim, fo that a Whale often hath more At-
tendants than a King hath Servants; as you
may fee by T, in the Tab. J. Sometimes alfo
the Harpoons break out; then often Long-
boats of other Ships attend, and as foon as they
fee that the Harpoon is come our, they fling
their own into him, and the Whale is theirs,
altho' the firft Harpoon hath almolf kili'd the
Whale, yet if he doth get loofc, the fecond Per-
ty claims him, and the firft muft look hv ano-
ther. Sometimes at the fame time two flar-
poons, belonging to two feveral Ships, are ilruck
into the Whale, fuch ones are divided equally,
and each one hath half, as you may fee at
MM^'m the Tab. ^; the other two, or three,
or more Sloops, as msny as there is of tlicm,
wait for the Whales coming up again,and when
th^y fee that he is tir'd, they kill him outright
with Launces. In doing this is the grtateil
danger, for the firft that do fling the Harpoon
into him are drawn along by the Whale, and
are at a good diftance from him, but thcfc rhat
kill him with Launces are as well upon his Bocy
as at his fides, according as the Whale tun.s
M 4 ai d
!^
.:■.!
I,"i,
! 1' '
iini '
?
w.
T 6?> The fourth T^iVt of the Vo\azc
Ond winds lunik'lf, und tl\cy receive many fe-
vcrc Blv^v/s. f'crt: the Sccerfman mull t;jk(j
nrc to obi'jrvc how tlic Whixle rims and tiiriv;
lumic'lt ahnuc^ thn ihc llirpoonicr may reach
liini u'iih 111'. Launcca ; all ihc other Men in the
Sloops 10 v\' :''lij/^cr.ily, {binctijncsio! wards, and
ibmvtiui-ij b."J{vv.^ir(h, which thry call rowify^
o;} and Jlrikr/r^^ and when the Whale lifts up
hiiTiilir out: oi the Water, he commonly doth
llrike chcuc with his 'I'ail and Finns, that tli'j
V/arer daliieth up like DuH-. A Long- boat li:j
Vr^iucs no more than Duil, for he can beat ii
all mio n"i:^rtcrs nt a blow^: But a great Ship i,
too hard for him, and if lie (Irikes againll ii
with his Tail, he feels it more than the Ship,
ibr he dorli lb paint the Ship with his own
Blood, t'lit it makcth him very feeble. A
^ood Srcermau is next unto the Harpoonicr
raoll ufciul in the Sloop:, he ileers with one
ijjr, and doch look out beibrc ; the ot]\er four
Mjii turn their Back to the Head, and look to-
wards tlie Stern, tlierelbrc doih tlie Steerman
aiul ilarpo jnicr always cry, Row o^/^ or fif'il:('~,
thu is to fav, row near to the H'hale, or clfe
keep iafiher oA\. The Launces have a Wooden
Sr.ck or Handle above two Paihoms lonp;, or
l;)iDevv'hat ilioner thnn a PikcihiT; as in t'r:
Tub. X^ > ou vody lie at g , the iron thereof is
to.mr.only a Faihoin long, and pointed befcr.
]\kQ unto a Pike; Jt is made of Sreel or tough
Iroii, t -la I ii m IV h';nd without: breaking: For
after you have made a di:c\) hole in his Bo6\
v:iia Your l..iiinccs, vou nckc Inic k with th^m
Ml
to r)pit7.bcrecii
gci
h
^>nc way and the other way, as they do when
they poke for Eels, as you mny fee at Z, in
the Tab. // •, but it he doth get one or more out
of your Hands, you take another, for every
^loopliathat leafl: five, fix or {z\'{:n^ and yec
fometimes he has them all out of thrcr:', lour, or
more Boats kicking in his Body.
3!c ia his Bo;:;
.;c it with ih^^i''
C H A P. VI
Whiit they do with the dead Whale.
AFrcr the W^//'//<? is killed they cut ofF his
'J'ail ; fome keep the Tail and Finns, and
hang tli:m up ar ihe outflde of their Slip, lor
that defends them iroin r\\z lee when \t pref^-
fcth upon the Ship: The Tail p; ^dcrs the tJoat
in its eourfe, beeaufe it doiii lye cio ■, and that
is the realbn why tliey cur it ' o} iijfore thj
Tail they fallen a piece of a Pvop-'. and at the
other end at the Stern of the \-{\ -!uop, as you
may Ice in the Tab. y/, marked u rii ;i-. There
is in all four or five Sloops fillen.d to one ano-
ther behind, and fb ilicv luw one behind the
other to the great Ship. When th'.y have
brought thQli'hde to the Ship, they tye it with
Ropes faii to the Sfup; that part wiicre the
Tail is cut oiF they fallen to the fore-part of
the Ship, and the Iload towards the Scerii,
about tlie middle, near the great Shrouds of
the Mainrnafi: on the Lnrboard of tlr: Ship ^ it
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li.
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23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580
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^ 70 The fourth Tart of the Voyage
is IcWom that a Whale doth reach farther than
from the Poop to the middle of the Ship, ex-
cept the Veilels are very fmall , as you may fee
at X, in the Tab. J,
By the Larboard is to be underftood that fide
of the Ship that is at your Right Hand as yoi
go from before towards the Stern ; but that fide
of the Ship that is on your Right Pland as yoi
go from the Stern towards the Fore-part is cal-
led Star-board, becaufe you go from the Steei
forward.
Whoever of the Ships Crew fees a dcac
Whale, cries out I'tflj miney and therefore the
Merchants mul^ pay him a Ducat, for his Car(
and Vigilance. Many of them climb often u[
into the Maft, in hopes to have a Ducat, but ii
vain.
When the dead Whale is thus failened to thi
Ship, two Sloops hold on the other fide of th
Fifh or Whale, and in each of them doth ftan
a Man or Boy, that has a long Hook in h
Hands, wherewith he doth hold the Boat t
the Ship, and the Harpoonier Ihnds before i
the Sloop, or upon the Whale, with a Leather
Suit on, and fometimes they have Boots
Underneath tl^e Hook are feme fharp N
fixed, thattheymay be able to (bnd firm,
the Whale is very llippery, fo that one may e
fily fall, as upon fiippery Ice. Thefe two M
that cut the Fat oii' have their peculiar Wag
for it, viz>, about four or five Rix Dolla
Firft, they cut a large piece from behind
Head, by the Eyes, which they call the Kj
oynge
farther than
the Ship, ex-
jyou may fee
to Sp'rzbctgen. 1 7 1
ur piece, that is as much as to fay the Winding-
piece ; for as they cut all the other Fat all in
1
rows, from the Whale towards tlie end, fothey
cut this great Kjnter /^/cff larger and wider than
all the rclh I'his piece, when it is cut round
about from the Whale, reaches fiom the
Water to theCra^^e, (that is the round Circle
that goeth roun 1 abont the middle of the Mali,
and is made iti the ihape of a Basket) from
whence you may guefs at the bignefs of a
Whale. A ftrong and thick Rope is fixed to
this l(ffiter piece^ and the other end is JRxed un-
derneath the Cradle, whereby the Whale is as
it was born up out of the Water, that they may
come at it, and by reafon of the great weight
of the Whale, the Ship leans towards that fide.
One may judge how tough th.^ Fat is, for in
this (.-wlc an hole is made, through which the
Rope is taflened, yet not deep into the Far,
wherewith they turii the Fifli at Pleafure^ as
you may fee at \,, in the Tab. y/. Then, as is
before faid, they cut another piece down hard
by this, that is alfo hailed up to the Ship; as
you may fee at £, in the Tab. J ; and then ia
the Ship they cut it into lefs pieces about a
foot fquare. Thefe two Men have in their
Hands, as well as thofethat ftandon the Whale,
long Knives, wherewith they cut thcfe fquare
pieces. Thefe Knives are, with their Haks,
r peculiar Wagcsl about the length of a Man ; and the more tlic
five Ri^ Dollars.! Fat of the Whale is loofened, jult as the Hide
from behind thej is flca'd from an Ox, the higlicr iT.ufl they pull
hev eall the Kf^''\ up tlie Fat with their Puileyb, that they may
^ ^''1 cue
ftood that fide
t Hand as you
; but that fide
It Hand as you
ore-part is ca*-
from the Steer
w fees a dead
id therefore the
at, for his Care
1 climb often up
a Ducat, but in
isfaaenedtothe
ther fide of the
hem doth ft and
ng Hook in h'S
old the Boat to
Hands before m
with a Leathern
have Boots on.
ome (harp Nails
ftand firm, tor
that one may ea-
ThefetwoMcn
I
'ii f
M .'
I',- : !
lull
'»', '
/)
■I':
172 Ji?c fourth Tart of the Voyage
cut it the caficr. And when they have drawn
up this Far, the Men take it in to them into
the Ship, and loofcn the Rope that it was la(K
red unto. The Rope is fallned with a Ring
whereinto tlicy put a great iron Hook, which
is fallncd to a flrong Tackle, and alfo ibme-
times, before in the *5hip, are fix'd two other
Tackle, wherewith all the Fat is drawn up into
the Ship. In th.: Ship Hand two Men, with
Hooks as long as a iMan, wherewith they hold
the grciat piece of Far, which the two \Jen cut
into fquare pieces with their long Knives. I>y
them itands another, that hath a fhort Hook
wlch a Ring in his Hands, which he thrylh in-
t > the pieces of Fat that are cut fquare, and
puts ir upon the iknchor DreiTing boa rd,w here
IX. is cut by others ihto k[;> pieces. l"he two
rirll >;cn with their long Knives, that cut tdc
large pieces of Fat, Hand near the Larboard of
the Ship, at that fide wlicre the Whale is Hx'd
vind tlic other Men tliat afterwards cut it mto
lefs pieces, itand on the other fide call'd Star
board, as you may fee at /, in the Tab.
When it is a good time to catch Whales, an
they will not lofe ir, they tow fometimes \\
vcral Fifl'f beiund their Ship, and catch more
and thicy cut only the great pieces of F\ t c
them, and fling them underneath into the Ship
But vvlicn they have no mure VelTeis to pu
t'lieir Fat into, they fail into an Harbour; or
it be calm Weather, and not windy, they ftay
in the Sea, and faflen thcmlfjlves to a flicet
Ice, arid fo they drive along with the Stream
Til
A
d
Ot
to Spitzbergcn. 17:5
The other Men cut the Fat into fmall pieces,
on a Table : on the further fide of the Table is
a Nail faRened, whereunto they iaften a Hook,
which thcv put into the Fat, that it may lye
fteddy when they cut it into fmall pieces; the
Fat is tough to cut, wherefore it mu/l lie firm.
That fide v/hereon the Skin is they by under-
moft, and fo cut the Fat from it by pieces.
The Knives wherewith they cut the Fat into
fmall pieces, are lefs than the other, about three
foot long with their Hafts. They all cut from
them that they may not be beda'jbed with the
Fat, which might occafion a fiirinking-up and
lamenefs of the Sinews of their Hands and
Arms. One of them cuts the foft and tough
Fat into fmall pieces with a long Knife ; this
Man they call the Chopj/er, and he is mightily
daubed, wherefore he doth hang about him all
forts of Rags and Clouts he can get. The Fat
of fomc Whales is white, of others yellow, and
of fome red. J'he white Fat is full of fmill Si-
news, and it does not yield fo much Oyl as the
yellow. The yellow Fat that looks like Butter
is the beft. The red and watery Fat cometh
from dead Whales, for in the place where the
Fat runs out, the Blood fettles in its room, and
yields the worll and lealt Oyl. Before the
Table-is a Gutter made of two Boards nailed
together, whercinto the fmall or minced Fat
is flung; by it Hands a Boy that fliufflcs the
Fat by degrees into a Bag that is iixed to the
end of the Gurcer, and is like unio a Pudding
bag, ib that it readies dov/n into tlie Ship; out
of
i '
91 ,
'!H
i'l
1 'i'
1 74 The fourth part of thr Voya^^e.
of this Bag the Fat runs down iiuo ?. Tub oi*
woodden Funne!, which they put ur • empty
Veflels or Cardels, as they call the;i , and the
Men that are below in the Ship fill 'em with
it, and fo it is kept uin-I they try it u^ into
Train-oyl. When the Fat is cut off tVom one
fide of the Whale, before they turn him they
cut out the Whale-bone in one entire piece*,
and this is fo heavy, that all the Ships Crew
hath enough to dj to pull it up. They make
life, for that purpolc, of a peculiar fort of
Hooks, two whereof they fix on the fides, and
one on tlie middle of it, very well provided
with llrong Tackl;, as you may fee in the
Tab. /< , and .■cer wards they cut out the
"Whale bone ot the oilier {\At of the Filli, and
draw it up alio v.itli Pulleys into the Ship,
where it is cut into \:q\\ pieces as they bring
it hither in. The vV hale- bone doth only be-
long to the Owners cf the Ship, and the o-
thers that run their hazard, whether thev
catch few or many Whales. The relt, which
take their Pay by the Month , receive their
Money when they come home, whether they
have caught many or none, and the Lofs or
Gain falls upon the Merchants. The Hooks
that they c^ane up the Whale bone withal, are
made on purpofe for it, like a Beam of a pair
of Scales ; on each end arc two fharp points,
which they knock in between the Whale-bone;
in the middle of the Beam is fadened a long
Handle with a Ring, whereon the Ropes are
faftened h on this Haujile there are fixed two
othei
^t'
i.no a Tub cfH
[\t iiT • empty
the; I , and the
fill ' v^'ni with
try it ''P into
It off tVom one
fo Spitzbergen. I75
other crooked Hooks like Birds Claws ; in the
Ring where the Ropes are faftened is another
crooked Hook, at the top faftencd by a Ring,
fuch a one as we make ufe of here when we
wind any thing up by a Crane ; but in the mid-
die between thefe two Hooks is faftened ano-
tuVn iiim they Ither Rope, which keeps the lowermoft Hook
; entire piece , Iftedd/; the two hindmoft Points are knocked
le Ships Crew I into the Whale-bone behind, and the two fore-
). They make Imofl: fliort ones before, which hold the Whale-
leculinr fort of Ibone faft between them when it is wound or
1 the fides, and I pulled up.
well provided! The dead Whales, when the Fat is cut .off
nay fee in th?!of them, they let; float, and are the Food of the
y cut out theiBirdsof Prey when they are hungry, but they
if the Filll, andlhad rather have dead Whales that have ftill
into the Ship Jtheir Fat left on them. The white Bear is g^-
;s as they bring Inerally not far off, whether there be any Fat
b doth only be-lieft on them or no, and look like Dogs that
ip, and the c-lonly feed upon Carrion, and at that time their
whether thevlwhite Furr is turned into a yellow Colour, and
he relt which lat the fame time they fhed their Hair, and
receive their Ithcir Skins are worth very little. Where a
whether they I dead Whale is near, we fee it by the Birds,
id the Lofs or
The Hooks
)one withal, are
Beam of a pair
vo fharp points,
le Whale-bone;
faftened a long
the Ropes are
are fixed two
othei
whereof arc many, and alfo the white Bears
(lifcover it, as you may fee at g in the Table B,
chiefly in the Spring, when but a few Whaies
are caught, for then they are greedy of their
Prey ; afterwards when many Whales float on
the Sea, they have their Bellies full, and we
do not find fo many by a Whale, becaufe they
are difperfed.
CHAP.
I
T™"^"ii
! '^ I
s ■
'I ■,
.1 . '
(•, I
Ki^l
■ti
.1^
;!' \l '
176 T'hc fourth Tart of the Voyage
C M A P. X.
Of the Trying out of the Train- oyt from
the tat.
1
Formerly the Dunh did try out their Train-
oyl in Spttzbergcn^ at i^mirthber^.^ and about
the Cookery oi HarUngen^ where llill, for a Re-
mcmbrancc, all forts of Tools belonging thcre^
unto are to be fecn, whercotT have made men-
tion before. The I'rench'inen try up their Train-
oyl in their Ships, and by that means many
Ships arc burnt at Spitzherge//; and this was
the occalion.of the, burning of two Ships in my
time. They try out their Train-oyl at ^Spnz-
bcrgtf?j that they may load the more Fat in
their Ships-, and they believe it to be very pro-
fitable, for they go their Voyage upon parr, that
is to fay, they receive more or lefs, according
to what they catch: but I do not account it
Wifdom to fill up the room of the Ship wich
Wood, wliere they might (low Velfels. But
our Country-men, as 1 told you before, put
the Fat into tlie Vcifels, wherein it doth icr-
ment jull like iiccr j and 1 know no Inllancc
that ever any Vcifcl did fly \\\ pieces, aithoug!i
they are (lopt up verv cloic, and fo it bccorj)crli
j'or the greatcd part Train-oyl in them. Ui' die
iVcOi Fat oi" Whales, when it is burnt out yoii
loic Twenty in the Hundred, more or Icf:, i.
cordui:."
yoyj^c
in-o
oip
rom
iO
Spirzl
)C!C!:Cn.
tj
ding
as It IS in '•oo:inci:;.
Ac
tliC \
V. Ii;;rc they i\\ up tlic i^'a: into liain-oyl, no.ir
ti<in.uar:'.^ iL.y rry uptlnjF.it out o! tlic Villlls
liiLO a prcat woricn rrouiHi c Tub, and one
cf tliib two Mcaci7"5pty ic nuo a ^j;tcJt Kettle
(liar. Itandsn-ar ir, tiiat iloih iiold two Cardcls
X d\.
lit their Train-
^ber^^^ and about
J Itiil, ior a Rc-
clonging therc^
Lve nnade men-
up their Train-
.t means many
, and this was
yv'o Ships in my
n-oyl at Sptz-
e more Fat m
to bt very pro-
upon parr, that
lefs, according
not account it
f the Ship with
V VeiTels. But
'ou before, put'
lein it doth icr-'
low no Inlhncc
kicces, akbough
|i fo it bccon-cth
a them. Ofthc
burnt out v
tluc rncikcs 12c, I'^o, and lomctimes
1. 10 Cidllons-. Und'^riivuih tiiis Copper tliat is
|n)ade up witli k»ricks tlu:y put the Fu'e, and io
iicy bo;l it, a:;(? tiy it up into i'rain-oyl, as
|\o!i try up other ]'<ii. '1 lUi Copper is very well
uore 01
lei:
liC-
C0iU:P
ivLureci, as il.c IJyers t-opp.M-s uic to De : it is
very bio.id and ij.it, jull hke a Fryin^j pi:i,
made of Cop[)..^i. Wiici: iherai is well tryccl
or fryed out, th-jy take it out ol Luc Fan with
fir.iii Ke.tlct,, iij.:ua great biove, that the hquid
only may run tliiough, the rtil is thrown away.
Tl.is 6ieve "Hands over a ^rojc Tub, which is
,ibove hah Hiled with cokl Water, thattliehot
Train oy I may be cooled, and thac what is
unclean and duty of die IViood and other Soil
uiiy fall to i\\c bottom, a:id only the cleat'
Frain-oyi iwiia at the top of the Vv'ater, like
piherOyl. In this cj'.eu rub or Trough is a
hnall Spout or Tap which doth run ouc ovei*
[another as b:g as aTub, out ofwiiich t!ie Train-
J runs into another Tub, when ic is ainiod
fv^dy to run over, w]!i<.r» is aUb filled with cold
iV lertotheniiddle, whcn.'in it is more ccoleJ,
:id becomes clearer, and more refined than ic
'/:s l.efore. In tins Trough is another Sponc,
iiroLigh v/l'.ich tite I'raiu oyl runs into the
V.,.:;tinUil: iiu.) a Vau, 'A'h<--'.:ouc they fill ic
^N into
I' If 'I '
1 1 '
I7H 'III' JmhiiI' 'l\itl i>l lli I </,./;'<
1IIH»( 111! !'. <•! V<|! I 'iiniM ll.ivi- IhiI 1 W*;
1 lll> /\< It ill i III Mii;',Mi> 1(1 linl.l (> I < ..tlluiiv
A I ti' I 1 .1 III ny 1 li.ti 1 1 I dm 1 1 In. Ill / ^ •.il|i i|i,
'I I I i .1 « .1 VI -. I III y II y tip I III li I III 111 t III! , .iimI
lll.ili IiIhWII I l.llll nyl niil itl m^ hiIhi'. lli.it
lliiiiK ii iiMi vaomIi iIm II vvliili, lliiij', iIhiii
rtWiiy.
.1 J
t! \
,<\
ij '
I!
I'!
\k ' 'i
r. II A \\ \i.
rV //m I ji/1 /iili.
'' I "^111' I'ntft filh 1. lli iIh; InifMli of .1 V/lii|r,
I llltl III I'lllll ill* Wli.llc I'. lIlKI lllllC. ,11
liiL'. 'I'li'V Ivnovv lln. I'lllll hill l»y iIh' I'mmi , \\\.\\
JIM- np<.ii lii'i '^'«< It, ••<•»' iiiiiu lii'» 1. Ill, .111(1
h\' lir. VM Ihiim III liluwiii)'^ .mil lp«>iiiiii]Mi|»<>| i!k
W.IH'I, W'IhJmIk Wfl.llc ijolll IKil «jo. IJ!
Kill. h nil iIk I It ;m1 r. Iplil iii l(ii,'ili, ili.ii i, ,1
Ins hli.VVIII)', ll«'l<", lIlMMIj'jl \A/llH II lie. loKi.l
llic VV^lh I Inj'JKi ill. Ill iln" Wii.il'', ;iinl vi
inon' lirii c'ii< Is, u liM li r. ii'il lo 'ii)',li :i*. lli.i'
lln-. Wli.ilc, licilli'i i'» iImIVkIi luiMJfd (»i .I'l
iL'it ill Id iiiihIi- I1i'> I ip'> •ik: <>1 •' hrowiii
lolum, aii<l lilvt. .1 I Villi .1 Kopr. On Iir. iip|
l.ip ilic \Vli.il(:-fi<tn<: li'i'4'*'» '•'• " <l"'li <"' 1'
\\ h.ilf • lull wliiila I Iicilnlli opni .inJ limi i
Momli llltl'' .in; (lilk'icill Opinion',: lioiiii ii
lii'vc ll* ii 1k^ ^ "»'"' Hpi n liii IVltiiiili, y- I i,
is nor till'.*; I>iii h>*<l''ili ikm .ilu.iy. imi <
KlmuliM, ili'il ili^ VVliiilc lioiiL rn..y iit-i )m
,U1
I'l i
I I'
*
III < ' lllll I ■,
m|.| /, j < ..illi.ii ,,
II )li) ; / ' i.ill* I'l
( milt I III)' ; I I 'I
H , ol li< I -» I III
lie. Ilini' iIkiii
^1.
I.
[•ill nl .1 Wliili
'. I III (I I iiili:. J
|)y ili<- I'liiir. l!i,i
Ins Tail, .111(1 M
pOlll lllj'^ (1)1 <il I ll'
li ii(>i i\(i. ill
I'.lij'lli, lliM r. I
Il< li III' |ol( I , II
Viialc, iiiid V ii
(I hij'li ;i'. ill. I' •
li Ik ixli (1 (>l >1' I
•(• (>l il l)J(>\A/lll|
H'. ( >n lir. npi
iiS II (lofll (Ml i!
()[H-Il .IMil iliiii II
iiiioii't: Soiii" III
, Month, y i i'
.livviiy. I in» "
lie nt..y ii(/L li.'i
Wim
.4- -,
^^
Mi'ITT,
I '
V '
1^.1/
i III
rfscj . ju/ut/mt^Tj^J. Ta^ .. -
'■>(/.
I' 'I ;i
tj
» !
II <
r •' '^^
-:^
to Spitsbergen. 179
our of [lis Pvloutli ac the fides, as it doth in
Wh;ilc,'5, iov clfc h(j c;in open his Mouth if \\z
plcafcs. Within his Mourh , between the
Whale-bone, he is all over hairy, like unto
Horfes Hairs, vtliich grows within to the
Whale- bone iliat i:. bi.t new growing, and it is
of a blue colour, 'iihc other Wiiale-bone is of
a br('wn colour, and d^irk b'ov/nilh with yelbw
Ihoaks, w!]ich arc clleeinc! to be the olde(l :
The blue Wiia!e-hone coniLih from young
UMv.les and Finn lifiies. He js not as black as
VcKer, as tlie Whale is, bi!t like a Tench,
The fhape of his ijody is lonn; and fmall, nei-
ther IS hefofat uS a Whale, wherefore we do
not much care ro catch liim, tor he doth not
pav us for our Labour. Ir is much more dan-
gcioiis to kill liim than to 1;:11 a Whale, be-
cauie he moves quicker, and heats about hiiii
w;ih his Tail, and from him with his Finns, fo
that we dare not come near unto liim with our
Sloops or Long-boats, for the Launces kill him
iboiiell. I was informed, thn once fomc, be-
lO'c they were aware of ir, i\'A fim^^, by a mi"
;!;akc, their ITarpoon into a i'lnnfilli, where-
i.poa he drew both Boat and Men, all on a fuJ-
dvii, underneath alar^e Ice-flteet before they
were a ware of it, and not one ot' them efcap'd.
His Tail lies (lu, Iilce unto th.jr of tlie Wliale,
Wh'jn the Finnfiibes appear vve fee no mora
Wlnlcs.
'\\\i rrain-oyl of the V/ha'e is w^cd^ by feve--
[HI, viz.. by the l^riz^-mnl'tr r^ C'lrrii-rs^ ClD-ith^
'irkvrs^ and Scaph'^'lcr-; \ b«)t the <^;catc(t vAq
M V " thac
1,
w^m
H
' I'!
I' i
I l!
I;
I So Tl:c fourth T.trt of the Voyr^gc
th.H ib inadv of it, is to bui-a \z in Lamps iniL,-
of oiliur Oy I.
l'lieu/(<>;/.rva Ships carry ^001-40 Men, ar
foiViCfimLS n\o\c., chiefly t!ie great Ship, t!i;
fiavc fi:- Sloops belonging to them, f'nch Siri|
hold iVom Soo to icoo Cardeis of P'at; tl
Icfs Ships have coTimoniy fewer Cardels (
VelT'.ls, from 400 to 700, and have coin m on
fi ^ c Sloops or Boacs bcioDging to tliem. Tiici
all >iZ0 Gd 11 lots to Spitzberpi'/i to catch VVIulc
they have three or tour Sioops beluiigin|,; 1
than: Some pin the Sloops upon the Deck
t-ie Ships, others !'>ang th^n overboard, a^ tht
do at ^Spitz!'er(^e^y when tliey arc amoiii:^il tt
ice, tliat ss iooii as t!i»:y call Fallj fali^ ih
may immediately lee down their Sloops Ini
ih'v' vVatc!',
Then ihere rciiiains on board in the Ships ti
Stcerfnian, the Barber, the ChyruriTiou, t
Cooper, arid a Boy, to look after the Ship
Skipper or Coiumander hamfcif R,o^'houi- v.'i
the relt of tlie Men, for they are all obligd
go a Whale-catefjin^^.
In each Ship th^ic are (Ixty Launces, 1
S:a horfe Launces, forty Haipocns, teri
Harpoons wlierewirh tlicy ftrike tiie l
under Wa«c'\ fix Jinall Sea-horle Hai ;■
thirty Lines or ilcpcs, and each of tlicni i:> ■
t'l^lnv or ninety fcti: horns long. Whco
o ) a hunting thicy take along \vi:h t!:c'7i
cnch bloop rv/o, and fjrnc tinges three
poons , fix LauncLS two or ihi'ce Sl.i-.
l.aunces, three Line:, and five or iiK x^^^i
cc
•!i
)\
^ •' 1.: irl'
'iir-^-
Lamps in iV
r 40 V'^ii,
cit Ship, t:;a:
.m, iiKli SVip.
;ls of Fat; th.
'cr Cardcl'. or
iiave c.omrnonly"
ps belunguu: to
nm tae
Dt
/crboai'd, a-.t^-;
irv. amoui^il the
Fall, fail, tl^^Y
heir Sloops imo
aUithcShipsiae
ftei- the Ship; ihi
f pov^'houc wrdv
a.^all obli-,itJ
»/
/ii
f.K
ty Lniincc":;
upocns, an i.^iii
llnkc the y
-hoiie Har;
hoi them
lUT
•. >-1
Wh
.htl
i."
Vwvl
ioi;"
iK.
/o Spitzbcrc:cn
iSi
.ording ro the bigncfs of the Sloop:}, therein is
th'j McVp" )nier, Line kecncrorGlvcr, and the
Stccrfman ; They r;li row cquillv, until they
come near to t!ie Whale, except tiie Sicerfman,
for !ie £!,u!des the Bo.^t with his iliukhr. They
a!
(0 hive in each Sloop a Cl:opping-I<nire , to
[\r olTthe Jlopc when ihey cnnnor lolhnv rhc
Whale, and a Hnmrner. ynd other Iiifinimefits,
;is Hatchefs, braL^*?, and feverai lorrs ofKriv'..s
wne'-ewirli d thev ^ut the iVh.iles, Mw:: and
\)v.'Ai< IN cth'jLMvtn them accordiijj, :o
Ci! con», lie tint Will !vwe better r
I'l'H
I
I : U
, (■! I
\t
ciciig wi.h hirn.
Voyac;e n-ouhled
I
azv
\0"- ^ aie in viiiS
wiih the '^Cii>-z')/, but triOib
dvK rear neuher A-r nor Vv'iid, a'id
belli
iniTulves, efcape pretty well ; tjil- the Scurvy
.s the common Diiiemper in tliis Vovigc, be-
. fides i^
ics l-^evcrs, Impolthumcs, and otiicr ucciclen-
ul Oii^cmpcrb, and therefore tl^e Ciiyiiir<i!0ii
muil cakj care to provide hiniivir.
iC'.Ti
.res tiuee ^
ih.rce Sl.:-- '
-or U5^ Ui^-'^-
CHAP. XiL
Of Roiz-hlhcs and Sca-qualais.
,13 OtZ'fijJj {o\' Slmie-fijhes) I call thefe, tliat
[X\ in themfelvcs are nothing elfe but Slime,
lid they arc tranlparenr. I have oblerved le-
'tral kinds of thefe, fonie whereof liavepaits
ike Finns, as that ianiL^ whicii I c\\\ tlie Sr\^
li)-;lu\ Others are like u;i:o tlie i\\t Snails,
illy inilead of Finns they iiavc: Stalks like un-
N ^ to
:\
t I
i/n f
ill I ^h'
1|
I iii.
•5i
>* <^
r r I
'il.'l
ri,
!l
I i i
' '. *^
;M
'Ik' JL^:^
fliJ
m
L
h i!j
%- >
t a-:
f'
!'
; I
■'i I 7'
1 S 1 71:cfcuytb f.irt of the Vojn^<:^c
to Feathers fiefides tlicfe, I hive ^iicn four
oihcr fori', i-iac are quite (Mrerin'; in ("hapc
iroiii the oiiie-.s, and arc called SeA-fidlms \}\;
thz Seanic!', iis it" tliey were a thick Scum oi tlv.;
Seacoirjil.iied to<rethcr. Tlii'V are alio calkd
alter the ]j\x\n NaniO Scd Nenlfs^ becaule they
cauJe n hiirriinr, Wwn hire unto Nettles, I hav:
fbrmcilv \u(^ loincThoiiglus, tliat the Roiz a
Si/mc- fjl'cs i'ii;;.-'it !).: a S:e'.i fliiiii^ out and fo pu-
trifled, and that t!i:y did crjie this burning
V:nn by re.ubn ci t'leir riurcfadion ; arid fo I did
think tliat tha' received tlieir fiiape or form
acco:dinr, to tlic ilvcral kinds of i'-fhes iVoni
wliencc tlv^v came, and that fomc did take alar
yhor^jOA'b^ cithers riltcr /r'/!;,rA.-, anrl tlic like;
hut th.is dorli not leei-si to be agreeable to Rea-
ion, fo;- } iKUc ccnfidLrM it b( iter fince, and
find .1 il'c to 'pe :i \\w jijore tioble tliiniv than thot
if in'-'ii'd pro:.'.'ed iVoni pii'T^iled Seed cal; aw t-
They c;::.;n;e tlic oca nv;';!uil\, lor all thef'.;,
and nr..I:::;!iriv.!s uidvs tc tlKin, luil as a Bu:.
Joih i::uo Cloi ii.
L ( // .' he Sea- Ma y il \ c.
'[''efe finail L'irii arc very hkc iiito rhc >
:K:ii':Sj becaule oi' th.eir tranlj^arcni: Boc'}, -i;
ihcy alio dnic'lve like the fame, if yc^u !icid
ilieni i:i your Maiid. 'I'hev i;avc two Finns u:
c!erne;uh, abodt the Neck, \vi;ich are likelhm
to thofe of tt'.e I'l'hAlt'. '] !icy arc in their fn<ipe
!ihe UiJio our V* i.ite Rovvls, broadand thick -n
rlie n.iddlc, ajui thin and pointed at each eui
ilsicr thtj \x[\ of the Bodv, ii :i vc y like vw:'-
■\v\
''icc
e feen four
," in rhapc
LScumoitl'-:
•c alio calV-''
becautc X-Vx)
tks. Ihav:
t the Roiz a
nit aivl i^:> P'^
this hunv.r,g
i; .i[;cirol(h'
,;ipc or form
;cli<l lAkeaiu'.
and ilic like:
:cab!c lo Rt i
iter hiicc, nr.d
ling, thmOn
LCticaii a'.vr'.
M- all the null
01
il
is a
BU':
Ic i!"ito the
C'.^
Bod
> 1
a
two Fmnsun-
h'vcl
h arc
c ;nihcii-
I i.iU
r.
ipC
.idanJthic
w' ':•' t".
,U a<. V«
il Li:
I '
ikc
/v? Spit2.bcrgcn. i8^
our Ma) fl)e^ fave only that the Tall or Body is
;;ll alon{5 thicker, and only begins to be pointed
rjwatds the end. The Heavi is broad and
round, fplit m the middle ; it hath im?dl iSorns
about the brejddi of a Straw; on !i;s Hoid bc-
fc'v. it hatli two rows of fix red htrle Knob^,
^\\ '.: i them in each row ; wlut'icr ihcv b-j
Hy )V no I cannoc ex:KlIy tcl!. Its xVlouih is
di^' .^;^ orfplit. From liis M',uth down into
hisBcily iiic itsG'its, wiiiclionc may eafily lee
bcciufeof ii^. triinfparency. It is o^ a yellow
and bl'iclc coioui ', but ihc colour of th.e wh.ole
F'ih IS like unio ihe Whiro of a." F,gg. He
moves in the Watci' jiiil Lkea Sfartt.'/t:, 1 Iiave
drawn !iim h^; -e in his proper biLnitC I am of
opmion, that tfic Jindj ti-ed upon them, be-
caufc t'le Lz/w/'j, f*^eo?%r/^' ys ^ and i\vret'
divers^ are plentifully fecn in thole prices where
thcfe Fifli or Sea Inf.ds are Lcn. The fame
that I have delineated here 1 icuiid in the»SW//^
h') in SpazUr(^cr2^ on the 20th of J/^/^f ; in the
Tub. P it is marked wiili /.
II. 0/ t'j'j Siiaii Sli-nc-fidL
Thefe are alfo quite tranfparent, like unto tlic
Sca-yjeu/es^ but they are flac, and wound about
like a Snail, and fo we Hnd upon the Land the
Iticlis of fuch fiat Snads. It is very remarkable,
il'at out of the utmoft part of hi.n come two
Sulks, like unto tlie Beam cS a pair of Scales,
hairy or rough en each lide, like unroa Feather.
With thefe Stalks he moves himfelf up and
down like the Sea-fJcttL', 'I'hey are of a brown
N 4. cj-
1 '
I ''.
ii;
1 1'
!f fll
'■ ■ I
1 1
) '
',,
i:'
it
i< .
I
i i'
if
»n
1 1
:!;i
i'l
( ;
iiir
!ii
I "
h
1,1
I
lis :
f
1 .11
I I
I !'
.*■
i Ml'
u I
184 7"^'' /*:^'/)itJi ^.Dt of lie Vfru:"^:
coloui". TiiLV IwiiTi 111 p,r.:^': iiuiiibcr.; in t!:-:
Si:a, T:*^ r.niverr.us m^ ilic j^ii'Hn rhtrv.in. Ic v:
Ik 1 1 c V' t' (1 t ! - ; 1 1 1 1 • c / J If J it's \ 'J c I V \'') n t h ■. . 1^ , I ) ' 1 ": f
cannot: bii;cve ».}uU iiicy Crin h'j io noir .(h;i.;:^ a
Foccl for i!v.: H hJcs^ ns r<> ivinlfc ilicni io iVr ; f
rather btlicvc thitthc l.unh:, i'r'nr./.aiv rs. "-(l
the Viuret-cj-vns^ fc-d i!i"f:n tlicrr. 'J hey ij-
r.oi" b'ih-'^,cr th.-:ii 1 h.ivc (Icliiv-ntccl ih'.'iri. W'.:
i'uv iii.ry of thi'i^^ in t!.c /w-r/,'/; }it'jLom nr
Sfiizbi^ec-) or. the c^oth (lay of v/'.7/;r. Arnon:^
the I( c I I'i \v iivMi-::. 'ITiCSeiimcii t -ke ti>ere fnuill
j-^'idi iiir Sidrs^ ?\\\\\ho\\\(\ r.l'o Iiavc tcil:'::!
then: CO be Ui(.i\ ^' 1 \ni\ nor had tl^crn iti my
iiami, wrul look M iv.or : r.iiriMilh/ upon rhcrn,
afidib\iii:' tfiac r!^' y had no nfllnity at all wiihvho
Stiid^r^, \\\ {\w'\\\\ ^ ?t n J.iarked widi a.
1 i i •
'; i.'C
Ii.it Shine- h Hi.
flool-j, i'.;" [i ■■■< a-, i. \. C!Cr! I"' 1!^:! aiid lliiclvSri- ":;
tint p, M.-: !;::L i:i'J th^' r^iilJiv; of riic Jkavh
iiaiii ti I'luJ t..j;;oii im* hnofi, t!i ar is as th^^ :
r![?;iin ::: tiuSt.^;. : ."iiui lii.:^^^ jif a parr :..av ;.!'
I.J conronrcJ 'a.to Ujcli a Jm^w I hit as onr V, .
iTiLii \v ci'*. 1 i-orn tlie Stalk (h^wiiwaid:, it 'i' "
e:,ro\v thiol: :':r;:^ aivl roi:!ir\ vci it i:i a ;[;io::
ileal lif- th.i;: chr outic; . \ h?vc Icon them Io;:
i!ijiniw:!vcs un tiOiu b:lou' and then h'ornr;,.
v:op t^own av;.r-% )L.(t as a St'ch tliar is foic-
tiowi-: iiiiciviTja !] the Ware;- i-choundct?^ ;
aaam. 1 '^or ti:':m in xht r'oyih Sr:>, hctv a ;
f :Lc /^/i^u i have alio u-
t'a':
■•»— -n«.- -^ .. ,■>
[■)a"> in tl;'?
Sun. ^
LHi io iVr •, )
i.div rs. "•■.(1
Tlity ''>■
•h(MTi. \^ -
I Jidrhorn ;v
A-^-. Amor;;
ketncfefni:!!!
) have tell:'."',
tl cn\ in r..
y upon tlv;i' •
atallwiilnr:
(Th.
iul iliickSLal!:,
he Jkacl. li;
h.ir is as ib'; ::
; ,n r '.i.ci V ^"' -•
-it a'
our
.1 it iri ;i g- -
-K.:\ them to::':
then tVomt;.:
r'lot is foro--:!
\hi'Undctr, .:
/, .S'r.% hell' , :
I ; 1 C w V ^ - V
i luivc alio iv '•,
the:;
{hcAYiAi. l\uck\'I fjue't in i]\c. pJk. And lam
nlTo iniorm"*d, that lbnu!rimcs tlicy come ns tar
(lowna'j to /'><■>/ /.T^. Hy rcrilbuof irsn^qK*, ic
nn} be caF'd I'/jf I- lat Slime'jijb^ov Stalk Slime- fipj,
IV. ()j the Rofc-uke fhapcd Slime- fifli,
11 lis Sltm ''f'f is as round ns a Circle, yet
in hiscirriim erciicc her ween his double /Irokcs
a little indented. 'J'he Rays ipring cut fui-
i:',!.: tV:jni ilie middle ol" the Body, and there
jrcfix-fcn (<t th'Jii in number, but they divide
rhimfelvcs u'tr. rwo Branches*, where tliey run
ion\cwhat ciorcr together, and are fplit in two.
'[\yc Body the-'of is white and t ran i'pa rent, as
is mcntionVl be'orc ; lie draws ittcgeth.er, and
rpens 'X n:-ain as lie p'calcrh ; bni the Rays or
Sr.okes are brounifb red. Ou the end ot thefe
i.
S, .u'cs, towards the outward circumference arc
jLVc/al fpors, 52 in luur.her. In the middle of
il'iis Plate is anorhc" InialJ Ciicle, and iVom the
circumFercrje of u'at r!ie lie^ore nam'd vSpokcs
i'c.^'in. It is iiollow widiin, which Cavity may
P". haps be ]v:j Bcliy, wfierein I found two or
ee of the fhidll Sl:rimi^s. Round about did
nL>; dc .p. icvcn brown fmall Threads, like
'/;i{r. f;!!:, or uf;e unio the Tlireads that flie in
t!vj Air i^bout Autumn ; he cannot note thefe,
\ bJieve IiJ wei^;!i'd about half a p- :md ; he
v.'-'> abour iiall' a fpan broad ; the l'hre;i Is were
lixiu: a rpan long. This ibrr v/e got about
■liUnd. One might very well call lum the
'".?.^', or ii^'jt^'lfke Siifr/c-fifu^ by reafon of hib
■i^'n-c and fliape. I have heard icm.; relate,
that
I.
f
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1 86 T/x' fourth 7^ art of the Voyage
that the Macarels do fuck rheir Colour out o
thefe two, but I cannot affirm ir, but leave it
undecided, until I can alTcrt it by my own Ea
perience. Thefe three firll- Sja-qua/ms arc nu-
merous in the North Sea as Atoms in the Air,
but about Spitzbergen we do not find many of
them. I have ^ctn them fwim at top onlv in
calm weather, but in Itormy weather they fuik
to the bottom.
V. Of the Sh'mc-fifli like a. Cap.
At Spitzh^JYQeft^ near the Mulcle- Harbour^ m
the 8th o^Juij, when the Weather was cahn,
I law two forts of Slime-fipj^ whereof one {..id
fix, the other eight Corners: That with fix
Corners had ahb lix purple ftreaks with blue
brims. Between tlicfe llreaks the Body is divi-
ded like unto a rumpkin into fix Ribs. From
the middle of his Body hang down two
Threads, that are red like Vermilion, and
rough, of fmall Hairs, they are fliap'd 1 ke
unto tiie Lctrcr [V ]. I did not lee li:m
move them when he fwam. Within his BoJv
he hath other broader breaks, of a purple co-
lour, and on the edges or brims of a lighiiiL
blue one ; they repreient themfelves like un.to
a great [ V/ ]. The whole Bcdy is as white
as Milk, and not fo tranfparent as the Budy ot
that tliat comcth next. \i is (liap'd )ull like a
Cap with Corners, wherefore one miglit call
it the C dp-It ke Fill:.
It is about as big again as it is delinea-
ted here. It weigl.ed about two Ounces,
■p
iiZC
lour out c
)Ut leave ir.
ny own E;;
{lims lire nu-
'\\\ the Air,
nd many of
top onlv la
lei they fuik
Cap.
Harbour, o:
er was cali.'i,
reof one lud
!'hat with lix
ks with blue
Body is divi-
Ribs. Fiom
r down two
rtniiion , and
I fl^apM Ike
not kc h.m
ithm his Body
)f a purple v-
i of a lighiilli
L;lves like unto
dy is as white
as the Bodv oi
ap'd )ul-c like a
one mii^ht cak
it is delinca'
two OUilvCb.
^— ' « ^■, , - •*-
■ '"**»*fet*. .
. .1
■m
{.'
■•i«.'<j • . 'i*' .*t4isM'- L
^^1
'/7k^ //.i/'th ^y //v' L/r.-m/jtn.A't'jt
SiyuiA /n.^ /a/' H J'uj /^ 7
V
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Styyt/.n^ '/u/ A' /'.v«^ /,x
1 1,1 1 iHuSiti «itf*-.' -KW-. .
to Sp.i/bcrgcn. 187
I did not perceive, when I had him in my
irmd, that he did burn me, but it dilfo!-
vcd hke Snot or Slime. In the Tab. 1\ it is
oiiirK'd with^'.
VI. Of tljeS\'\mQ'f]{\\ hke a Fou?jt.:!^,
The fixth and la(t is a very notable Fifli j it
hath a hole at the top lik-j unto a (^uill oi a
(ioofc ( that may |/erhans be his Mouth )
w iiich goes into a cavity like a Funnel, where-
fore we might call him a h'.'^»»el'fijh, From
this hole come down tbur (Irokes, two and
two, ex^ftly oppjfite to Otic another; two of
thcin are cu: tranlVerfo lly,and two arc not cut.
Thole that are not cut are about half the
brciitltii ol a liriw, and the Oihers that arc
like unro the Bick bnne> ot a Snake, are as
broad as a flraw ; b)tli of them come down
beyond the middle oF the whole Body. From
tlic midii'e of tiic Funnel come down four
odiers, like unto tfie Back-bones of a Snake,
and they come down lower than the odiers ; lo
ihat all of them make eiLdit in number. Thev
chan^^'d their colour as we look'd upon them,
Uito blue, yellow and red, with fuch delicate
iolours as a Rainbow. They look'd in my
Hyes to be like unro a Fountain with eight.
Itrcams or fpoucs, v/herefore we might call it
1 toiifHciiti'i'ijIj with eight Ifreams. Witliin him
came down from the end of the Funnel fome-
diing like a Cloud that divides it felf into rows
which I t..;ke to be his Intrails. • Where the be-
fore-
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1 88 J he fourth Tart of the Voyage
fore-mention'd outward flreaks end rhemfclvej
the Body is ^vi\ bent in fomcwliar, then ir
turns round, and there it haih many iin 'i
flreaks. The whole Body is as white as Viik,
of the fame bignefs as it i:> here deliiiearc). I
believe ic weigh *d about Four ounces. 1 did i.o!
perceive that h« did bu' n ones Skin, biic he
did, like hiin X mentioned before diilolve \\\r
(lime.
Since I have fcen other forts of thefe Siw-
?;ettlds in the Spa//f[/j Sea, that weigh'd fuvcrai
pounds, and they v/cre of a blue, par[)Ic, yei-
lowiQi and wliite colour, that burn n^ore vio-
lently than thofe of the A'orth Sea; they fuck
themfelv'js lo clofe to the Skin, that they
raife BuH-crs, and caufe fometimes^V. J/J!l.>'>^»\
fire. The Cuts whereof, together witfi the
Defciption , I hope to communicate to the
Reader at another time. This is mark'd with
/', in the Tab. P.
J Su
185.
f «
:s of tliefc Sa-
A SUPPLEMENT to
Cupt. Wood'i and Martcn'j- Horth-Eaft
Foya^cs Containing fome Obfcnatms
and Navigation to the KorthWcd of
Grontl.iiid, .„;,/ othir Konhcni l^r-ions.
CHE%%r, mid otkr JJhnds.
UR Men conceive Gree,dand to be
broken Land, or a great
iiuinber of lilands at leaft ^"'^tbim
very near to one another'. '^•""''■
On the Wtit (1,1c they dncovcr'd as fir .. S,
to b' ;l'^^ '"'H,ght no. worth/ to .,/c Na S
to, bung carchil only to take notice cS thofe
u. lor",?" r^:;''"'^^ ^""^'' u-c coninS
oub loi iheir hifhing. On the Jia/KHdc- th-v
Wi^nt no (arrhcr th.,n 78 dcg. bcr,Xl\l
llitr. d ( alio many Illands, fo;:,, of which
Whcli may |,e that .he O.vr.O call ^'
'&»i/.,^.s./,^.„^, or >/;;. ;,/,,,„-. ,,.,„.„^„,
^■'"", tnoiigii it corrclponds wei! to ' '
"^"hcr ; but ratliei- to ih.- lauu. h btloprreu,
7|:
I i ii'
1 'M
I . !
1 l«
I '1
■I I
■( ~
P
h^i\
1 90 J Supp/cmcut to
to GreeiiUnd^ and is but a fmall Illaiid, and
lies North-eafi: and South- well: ; whereas the
Country Sir H. IVillmnJjhy landed upon, was a
larc^e Country (inafmuch av /;,- jaiTd maiiv
days by the fide of it) an-i h'.:s North and
South which mult be Gret^rjUnd.Eao^t'^
fP'^j 7//.1W was difccwer'd 1616, by Canr,
1 . Liage^ who had made that Voyage
ten tunes. IVychi's'llJnrjd (lo trtiTd from u
Gentleman ofthat Name") was iound
\J\vV' *^"^ *^^^7» ^^^ tiierc bciiip; notiiing
remarkable come to our knowledge
concerning thcic, wc pais ilicm over. Only it
is worth noting, that both the iVhde and
MorJ's-pjbtno was known and pra6lis\l 800 Years
agu, as appears by the Relation which Vtiher
the Nor\v(gt<i?i made to his Lo;d Jlf,ed Kingoi
En;^Lind\ where he alfo fiiith, tliat tlie Alo'-jjts
were hunted lor their Teetli, which were
mightily ellecm'd.
Lherry J/Lujdy when flril difcovcrd I know
not, but it receiv'd not its Nan'ie,
ntu" was known to be of any Profit,
till 160^, when a Siiip ictoutactht
Chirge of Sir francis cherry touchM i'pi)n it,
and iound there Ibmc Lead , and a Moris's
looth; but ihiid not 10 tifh, bccaufe the Year
was too far ipent. However, they cal! d r
(in honour of Sir Fr-trjas Cherry^ for wlioic uic
they took polTcflfiion of it) Chi^rry-lJhiriiL
M>'js' iii 1 r; oji . a Ship fer fail ( M r./ 1 \ld> n tlit
'*'A"-'''.s- M-Tclianr, and Stitfhcn iiajhrt the .M:i-
ller) froin Lvfidoriy Jpytl 1 5, and arriviAi at <>^''
cheery-
IJUn'd,
\\y
J
n
the TSLorth-EiiJl Voyc\^!/s, 191
in Lapland^ May i. They Ikid in Lapland till
y«/y I. and July 8. they came in fight of Cherry;
and they came to an Anchor on the South- foutn-
tA{\ fide, but, becaufe of the Stream, could not
la id; fo that they failed round about the Ifle,
a; 1 ^t length anchored two Miles from the
Stiore. Gomg on Land, one of them with his
Gin killed as many Fowl as almoft laded their
Bo^c. July 9. they found on Shore nothing but
ftore of Foxes ; that part of the Ifland was in
74 deg. 45 min„ July 10. they we'r,hed Anchor,
ai'd Ifood into another Bay, and came to aa .
Anchor in eight Fathoms, where they faw an
incredible number of MoriTes fvvimming in the
Sea. Coming to fhore, they efpied a vait Com-
pany of them lying on the Ground ; they lliot
at them with three Guns they carried with
'them, but with all their Weapons chey could
kill but 15 of above 1000, that lay there like
Hogs huddling together on heaps; but they
found as many lY^eth as filled an HoG;fliead.
Before the 13th they killed near 100 more, ma-
king ufe only of their Teetli.
In 1605. the Lmie Perlbns vv^er.j: ii<»;ain, arri-
ving there July 2. They wcnr on ihore, and
July 6. Hew abundance ol Mo! l^e%, and not only
with Shot, as they did the Ycai beiore, hut with
Launces dcxterouily ufcd, duTcling th;.m to
certain places ot their Bodies^ they bep,an ahb
to boil their liiubber, and niaJc 11 Tuns of
^)il, (five of tlieir Bellies will yield cnc Hog*
(head) and abundance of i\.'efh. Here alio
they found a Leid-niine ui-der Mou:;^'^^]^!} ^
;d
uC
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191
/:/ Su 1-^1^1 Oil cut to
and brouglit away about ^o 1'iin of the O^n
In j6o6. the lame Ship, vvirli tho, iame J'cr.
fons, was lent aL^.iin, and landed 'July ^, in y^
deg. 5S cn^n* ^vhcre tiiey Ihic' nh the Ice uas
all cleared; for the Modfe-, vvili iiot come to
fliore till the ice r-c all Nv.)iinv:d, Where, rirone
time in !;x Hourj?, i\v:.y fl-w ht:twixi, 7 and
800 iViorires, ;;nd two s;reat. liicnrs: Uiey iriidi^
22 Tuns ot Oj, 1, and ^ i-fogihsad of Teerh.
In 1608. June 2\. w'CxS lb Iiol cj.at t!ie mc'L'^J
Pitch iHii down rlie lidos ol tlieii- Ship: in kx^w
Hours t'me tliev ll',:w above 900 Mo; iTjs, iina-
king ^1 Tunsoi Ovi, ;ind above 2 Hogniecici,sn[
Teeth, behdcs 40 mojc. 'I'ney took alive iiuu
iheir Ship two young Mu iT:s, a Male an 1 He-
male; the Female died, the Male lived ten
Weeks in Er/gLmJ.., whcic they taught it maiiv
things.
In 1610. at anotlier Voyage vviih two Sliips
they killed many liears, and law divers young
ones no bij[j;er than young Lnmb^, very gaaic-
Ibme and lutty; they br(>a.',!K two of them iii-
to ErigU"d, Much l-'owi v.no they flew, and
many Sci-ils; and 7".^(' 15. fee up an iiniig;i 111
tokcii of FoirefTion cf the liland for the /-////•
covi-t Company : In Cui/i'l/iah'd they tbund i hrcc
L.cad-mines, and a Coal mine o.i the N'ortii
iide of the Ifland, Tiiree Ships more alll/ r,>rae
1 il i h a c Q'j cm- Ip^^ >./ •• ^ h ey k d K: . 1 5 o o M ; ; . :
atone time, at oAi:v tinus near zoo mor , ■ .
Man killing ^o with hij Launce at one ]•' '■
Hunting.
Ip^
:!'>: ihcy iri.:i!l;
■ ■ the Koylh-EyT: Voyages] ,^j
Tlic Moris, Wali-Lifl-i, Horic-whale, Rof-
inarus, or Sca-liorie, f'tor lb he is by the An-
cients otlcn called, thougii ot hue rliey ]r;.ve
(iikover'd anodicr Fifh not unlike lum, with
t\\\t 'J ccilijU'lijch they call a Sca-Iioife) hjrh
a sKin likea Sca-cal , (\i^ith ihort and lad yel-
low Inirj a iVlouih like a Lion ; if any, iiardly
dilLernable, Ears, yet tliey hear well, and are
frighted with noiie; (which alibis faid of
the Whale, that Jie is driven away witii the
IfoLind of a Trumpet; large Hrealt, fhorr
Thii^,!is, four Feet, and upon each Foot five
iTocs with Oiortfiiarp Nails, with which they
diiiib the Ice ; and as large as a great Ox^ ha-
ving a great femicircular Tusk growing on
edcli fide of their upper Jaw, which are verv
much valued, cfpecially by the Northern
I'eople, partly for their ufes in Medicines, as
Itomakc Cramp-rings, fwhich they makealfo
oftheBriltles upon his Cheeks; to rehll: Poi.
lull and other malignant Difeafes, whereni
they are at lead equal to that calPd the Uni-
Icoriis Horn; but more for their Beauiy,whieh
I ^qual to, if not furpafluig, Ivory. The hea-
jvincfs of it makes it much fought afier for
jHandles of Swords. Their Skins being drei^
W, arc thicker than two Ox-hides, yet light,
fnd excellent to make Targets againif Darts'
pd Arrows of the Savages. They kQ:\ upon
ifli and Herbs, and ileep, if there be Ice,
Upon that ; where if furprifed, the Female
Ut^ her young ones fcf which fha hat!i com-
Wm
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ill
il
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194. // Supplement to
monly two at a time) into the Sea, and lie
felt' alter them, fwimming away with tlicii
in her Arms , and it' provoked, after flie hati
fecin'd them, returning many times to fetiip
en the Boat, into which if fhe can faften lit
Teeth, file will eafily fink it. But if they t
farther from the Water, they all rife up to
gether, and with tlieir weight and force fiii
ling upon the Ice, endeavour to brake it ; a
they did when furprifed by 'jonas Pool w
1610, where himfelf and divers of his Me;
efcapcd drowning very narrowly ; one u
them being in the Sea, the Morfles let iipor
him with their Teeth, but with very gmi
labour and hazard of his Company he efcapc(i
from Death, though fore wounded, frc-
quently alfo they fleep on the fhore, and il
they have convenience, \ipon a high and lk[
Place. They always go in great Companies
and fet one to keep watch ; which if furprilct
ailecp, 'tis an eafie matter to kill all tiic vdl
but if he give warning by grunting, \k\
clap their Jiinder Feet under their two TusI
and fo roll into the Sea. But if tiny b
caught on plain Ground, yet they arc lia
llain, being both iirong and tierce, ani
hading one way to the Water. The Dun
at firii were very much troubled to 1
them, their Shot the Bcatl valued not mu
their Hatchets and Ha If- pikes would
pierce them ; nor did they think they lOi
be killed, c:'X<.cTr ftruek with great force
ki
n(
T»ir,li'.ii H — *^^
the North'EaJl Voyages^ i q j
the mldll: olf tbe Forehead. The firft time
they let upon them, of two hundred they
cotild not kill one, but went for their Ord-
nance to flioot them Our Men, after a lit-
tle Experience, found the way to diipatcli
them with Javelins, as is before rehear-
fcd.
Some imagine this to be \fnhK Mayan's Jflandy
but it feems rather that it i'^ not ; for the Nor-
thermoft Point of that is in the 71 d. 2^ nu
whereas this is 74 d. 55 m. except the DutrJo
be not fo accurate in their Obfervations and
Calculations as were to be wifli'd, which I
much lufpe£t, v. Nova ZsmbU. Befides C/;fr-
r^-T/Z-i;?^ is round, not frequented with Whales
but Morffes. Our Men alfo have travell d it
on Foot from North to South, which on
U^yeris Ijland cannot be done ; and though
they tell many Particulars of the Place, yec
they never mention the great Beererjl?trg.
Hope Ifland indeed is a long, liland, lies much
what as they fay of -M^^f^'s, and hath been
vifited by the Whale filtiers, but it is more
North than they place the;r Illand. The
itch of afcribing Difcoveries to thcmfelves
hath brought ( I fear ) Contufion both in
this and many other Matters of this Na-
ture.
,f '
O 2
"John
mmmit
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1
yf Shfpiement to
10 Fl.si MAtEH's Iflanl
John Mtycn\ IJI^trid^ fo called from the
I'rmc ot* the lirll Difcovcrer, (as tlic
i)uu.h pretend) lecins by the Englijlj to be
called Hope-lJUnd^ or if not, I know not
whether the Er7glijh have been iipcn it. k
ieems not to be oi any great Conrequcuct:,
all that is fpokeii of it bemg that it tixtends
in lengtli from South-wcfi: to Nortli«caih
The iarther it flioots out in length, the
more contracted and narrower it grows in
[;;rows in Iircadth ; fu that in the middle the
diltance is very fmall between both Shores
Jkt'ore the Whale-filhing was removed to
GreeytLwd^ in the 6\immer-timc this Kkiid
was much fieqiicnted by the Seamen, whom
1'rade invited thither ; and the Ifland was
well known to molt of the Northern Adven-
turers of Enrotfe ; but fince the Whales havi
(itferted tlicfe Shores, and have removed
their Sca-quarter.s farther to the North, the
Seamen aiid Fiihermen have been forced to
lollow their Frey to Grec^Lxrjd, For it fccn,'
the Whales, eiificr we.iry of the Pla e ,
or fcniible of tlieir own danger, do olicn
change their HarboLirs. In the Spring tm.;
\Vclre:;i
Iflami
:d from the
crcr, (hs the
EngHih to be
I'^kiiovv not
1 upon It. k
Conlcqucuie,
:hat it t;xtciKls
:o North-cair.
in length, the
n- it grows in
the middle the
n both Shores
LS removed to
mc this Ifland
kamen, whom
the Ifland was
)rthern Advcn-
e Whales iuivc
have removed
the Nortli, the
been torccd to
/. For it fee IT. >
3f the Pla-,
aiiu,cr,/loolccni
le "Spvin[.\ t:;r,v
Weireviil
the Morth-Eajl Voyages 197
Weflcrn fide of the Kland is not fo much
cnclolcd with Tee, as that which lies in the
North, where it runs out into rhe Sea, witli
a iharp Point behind the Mou?itJi!u of Ee.vs ;
lor on this fide, all the Year long, tlie Ice
never removes from thj Shore above ten
Miles ; and in the Spring tnne lb beftegcs it,
tiut there is no Tallage through it. For
which rcafon the Maiiners, who arc bound
for this Ifland, ufe all the Care tliey can to
avoid the Eaftern, and to make diicclly to
the Weflern SJAore, there ro lye wliilc tiie
Fiiliing Seafon continues; if by millarriage
they come upon the Eall-fiilc, tliey are then
forced to fetcli a compafs about the North
part of the Ifiand, wliercby they arc not only
cxpoled to the terrible Winds that blow olF
iTom Bears-Mount at :-/, but alfo to tlic dangers
of the floating Ice •, for 1 ere the Sea flows
from South to North, and ebbs from North
to South. At the Northern end of the ifland
appears the Bears- Mount Aifi^ of a prodigious
heigiit, and fo perpeucicularly fleep, that it is
impofliblc to climb to the top oi it. TiiiS
Mountaiii, from the J3ears there frequently
fcen, called Beere>?berg or the Bears- Mo untaiti^
at the bottom takes up tlic whole ipace be-
tween the Eaftern and Wcitern Shore 5 on
the North fide it leaves a little room for le-
veller Ground to the Ocean; and being of
prodigious height, may be defcry d ;;'j Mil-s
oif at Sea.
O J i lie
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The Sea Coaft lies thus : i . Xonrds-hotcJt^^
or rlieNorrhern Angle^ is the extream Point
1 hooting; out to the North. 2. OtJ/-liotct
is the moll Haftern Point. 'Isber^h, mark'd
I, 2, ^, are three Mountains of Ice, or la-
tlier vail heaps of congealed Snow, which
diflblved by the heat ot the Sun, lalls from
the top of Bears Mou»ta/^ij but upon the Sun's
retiring freezes attain. ^:^. Zjiydu/l-ljoecl{ is i\k
South eall Ar.gle, From this Point the Shore
extends itlelt horn Haft to Wefl to a little
liland, and then winds again to the Weft
and South; in fome Places not paflable by
reafon of its fteepnefs, in others fmootli e-
nough. 4. Cleyn Sand'buy^ or Little Sand-hxy^
E}fr/A/;d or E^gUf^d, being certain Rocks iiill
of Birds; here, about a Musket-fliot from
Shore, the Sea is 60 Fathom deep, and a
little farther, the founding Line will not
reach to the bottom. 5. Groote Hootr-kiy,
or great Wood Bay, by reafon of the great
pieces of rotton Timber that are there found,
In this, which is the narroweft part of the
Ifland, are certain Mountains not very iUcp,
from the ^op whereof any Peifon calling
them that ftand upon either Shore, mav be
heard by botli. 6. C/cy/j Hoote-hav^ or little
"Wood Bay. 7. Englijh-b:,y^ and feveral o-
thers, to which the Dutch h3,\'Q given fuch
Names as they thought fit;
not
GROls
to the Korth-Eaft Foyages. 199
C A lied a I fo Gro4«/4W, Groi»Iandy ^nd more
anciently EngroeftUnd^ lies ( as I flan -
ders fay) like a Half-moon about thp North
of their Countrcy, at the diftancc of four
Days failing; But it fecnis to lye not fo
niucli Eaft, but rather North of America.
From Cape Farewelly in 60 dcg. 30 min. on
the South, it is unknown to how many de-
grees in the North. The Eaft and Weft
are encompafs'd by two great Oceans, but
at what degrees of Longitude is not ycc
difcovcred. Only Mr. Fotherby found it
near the Coaft oi GroneUndy in 71 dcg. and
the South of Greerdafd to be above two hun-
dred Leagues.
It is faid to have been difcovered firft by
a Norwegian Gentleman, whofe Name was
Eric Rouopj or Read Head; who having com-
mitted a Murder in IjeLind^ to lave his Life,
refolved to adventure to anotl-.er Country,
whereof he had heard fome obfcure flying Re-
ports. He fuccteded fo well,that he arrived in
lafe Harbour called Sandftajm^ lying between
two Mountainous Promontories j the one
O 4 upon
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200 A Supplement to
upon an Iflnnci over againfl: G'^j^/e/^W, which
lie called HuiiiJ'crkc.n or \\ '. "c Shirt, bcLauit
ofth': Snow upon it ; tli'w udicr on tiic CJuii-
tinciir, c.ilk'cl }-lunrf Eric. He wintirM m
tlic llLuitl, but wlicn tlic Scafon fLifVcrd,
p.iiVcd into the Co:., iient, which bncinifc
of its ^rccnnct's and {lonrillVmi; lie callid
GrondMirl, Thence lie \L\\t his Son to OIau;.
Tyrf-c^r Kin[; of AVnr.tr, to p;ct his Pardon,
wliich was eafilv p^ranted, when lie w.is in-
form'd by him of his r.ew Difcovcry. Where-
upon divers Gentlemen adventnr'd to ^^laiit
tlicrc, who multiplying, not long after divi-
ded tlic whole Country into Kaflern and
Wcftern, and built two Cities, G^trdc and
A//v. In A/i'e was a BidiopsSce, and a Ca-
thedral Churcli dedicated to St. yhafmy.
the Seat alio of the Vicerov fent thither from
rime to time by the Nonregians, They write
alfoofa great Monaftery called of StTZ/jw.//,
wherein was a Spring, whofc Water was fo
hot^ that it drclTed all their Meat ; and be-
mg convc\ ed into the Cells and other Rooms
in Pipes, lieated all the Monaftery as il it
ba.d been fo many Stoves. They Hiy alio,
that r.liii xMonalleiv is bnit all of Pumiiie-
ilonc-^, iwid that tins hot Water falling upon
them, mi>;cs with the outer parts', and po-
■ijces a fort ofciamn^.y Matter, which fcrvc,
zaikad of Lime. '
;K
But
Hut what the NonveoUfjs conquLYcd or pof-
fcllcd in this Country was an uicoriddcrable
corner of that large Continent. 'Ihemlch cs
mention a Nation whom they call Skreloigrrs,
to have inhabited in the niiddle oi' tiic Land,
but what they arc we know not. But whe-
ther their Paucity cxpol'ed them to the mcr-
iJcfnefs ot the Natives, or whether it were
ail Epidemical Difcafe which they call the
hliick Plague, which fwept away not only
nioft oF that Nation in GroneLtnd^ but allt)
die Merchants and Mariners in Nonvay^ that
maintained that Traffick, or whether it were
fomc other Reafon, which is now forgotten ;
lo it is, that fince 1^49, httle Intelligence
\m\\ defcended to us concerning Grojiehyia^
till feeding the North weft padage to C/V/a?,
oaafion'd more knowiledge of it. In 13B9,
they fay, that the King of Dem^htrk fent a
Fleet thither, with intention to re-eftabli(h
his Dominion in thofe Pares ; but that beinp;
Gill away, difcouraged him from any further
Enterprize ; till now of htQChn/lia?f IV re-
newed fomewhac again of that Navigation,
oi which by and by. In 1406, the Bifiiop
(l" DrofitJjeit/t fcnt a Pricft (called Jndrcdi)
t) fiicceed Hemy Hifliop of Carda^ if dead ;
il alive, to return and bring notice ot the
the itarc of the Church there. But A/tdnas
jnivcrcnine back 5 nor hath there been fince
my fi-irtlien' care rn.ken to fupply Bilhops, or
iKUintain Chntlianity there. There is a
Rela-
1
1
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■ ' , I Wm
M'
ii
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'\i
I; LI
201 A Supplement to
Relation in Purchases Pilgrim, pjtr, j. Qf
one Jvoy Boty a GroneUnder^ tranflatcd 1 56c
out of the Norweighifh Language, wiiich
gives a fufficicntly particular Account of
all the Places in that Country that arc in.
habited by Chriftians, but of nothing be-
fides.
The occafion of our Voyages to thofc
Coflfts, was to find out a way to Chim^ (jrc,
by the North-weft, which had been fruit-
Icily fought toward the North-Eaft.
The firli: whom we read to have fearch'd
the North-Weft for a Paffagc, was A/wv;
Frobijher^ who in 1576, with two Barks conv
ing to tfie height of 62 dcg. found a grcai
Inlet, called by him Forh[(Jjcr's Strdits^vAmt-
into havini; lailed 60 Leagues with mam
Land on cither fide, returned. He found
there a certain Oar, which he conceived ro
be of Gold ; and the next Year he made .1
lecond Voyage ro tctch a quantity of it, bui
It proving to be nothing but black Lead.
iiiilwerM not cxpeclation ; yet they found a
Silver Mine, which lay fo deep and fail in
tlie Rocks, that they could net dig it. They
melted Gold alfo, but in very fmall quanti-
ties, out of feveral Stones they found there
upon Smttlis I He. They found alfo a dead
Fifli, of about twelve foot long, not unlike
in fliape to a Porpoife, having an Horn fix
foot long ffuch as is commonly cali'd Un
corn's Horn) growing out of his Snout, win.
'I,
v\'0 Barks conv
the North'EaJl Voyages. to\
(s ftill kept at Windjor, In 1578. he went
out again upon a DlfCovery, wherein paffing
as tar as he thought good, lie took polFeffion
of the Land in the name of Queen Elizabeth^
calling it Meta incognita.
In 1583. Sir Humphrey Gilbert upon the
fame ckfign went to the great River of St.
Lmrence^ in CanadA^ took poffcffion of the
Country, and fettled a Fifhing-Trade there.
This Voyage I fappofe was made upon fug-
geftion of a Greek Mariner, who affured foinc
of our Nation, that himfelf had paffed a great
irrait, Nortli of Virginia^ from the Well or
South Ocean, and offered to be Pilot for the
Difcovery, but died before he came into
EugUnd,
In 1585. Mr John Davis was employed
with two Barks to the fame fearch. The
firft Land he came to, be named the Land of
dtjolation^ and is one part of Groneland ^ then
he arrived in 64 deg. 15 min. \n Gilbert^
Sound, where they found a great quantity
I of that Oar, which hobijher brought into
England^ and alfo Lapis SfecuUris. Thence
they went to 66 deg. 40 min. to Mount Ra*
li'ioh^ Totnefs Sonnd^ drc. where they faw fome
I lew low Shrubs, but nothin,5 elfe worth no-
ting.
la 1586. he made a fecond Voyage to the
I fame Place, where he found amongft the
Natives Copper Oar, as alfo black and red
Copper. Thence they fearched many Places
Weft.
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104 yl Supplement to
Wclhvard, and returned witli good hopes uf
difcovering the defired Paflage.
In 1587. he made a third Vogagc, to 72
dcg. T2 inin. the Compafs varying to 82
deg. Wcftward, the Land they called Lo^idon
Coajl ; and there they found an open Sea, and
Ibrty l.cagucs between Land and Land, think-
ing this to be the moil: hkely place to find the
i^alfagc; and it was from him called Frcum
Davis.
Thus from time to time proceeded the dii-
covery of thefc Countries, but now not upon
Iiopes of a Pallage to the IMes^ but for the
profit of Trading! till Mr Hudjo/i, m 1610
after lie was latisfied, that tliere was no Pal"
j'age North- eallciiy, v;as fcnt to make <
Tryal liere alfo. lie proceeded an hundrc
Leagues fartliei than any bcibre had done
and gave Names to certani Places, as Di'[:rt
"provokes^ Ijle of God^s Mercies^ Prince Hjm'js
Cape^ Kjf% James's C^tpe^ Queen AmPs Cij)
end tlie like; but the Ice hindred him iron
going iurther, and the Sedition of Ins Mci
trom returning home.
In 161 2. James Hill returning into E;;
Lwdy and with him VVtllutm Baffin, who dii
covered Ccdtn\ Soufjci^ In tlie height of 6^
dcg. 20 min. which diflcrcd in Longitud
tiom London 60 dcg. ^o min. Wcftwan
They faw alfo the footing of a great Bcdi
they fuppofed an Elk, or the like. Jwifs
Ha/J was killed in the Boat by a Native pr
• ' ' tendini:
k
c<
the North' Eaji Voyages. 205
tending to Trade with tliem. Tliey trycd
the Mine at CnnmnghMi^ River, wliicJi the
\)!iries had digg'd before, and found ic to be
nothing worth. There were Jlocks of very
pure bcone, finer and whiter than Alabader,
and Angehca growing plentifully in many
places, wliich the Savages ufed to eat.
In 1615. Mr. B.iffin was fent again; he
found l'Atr-?oint to difter in Longitude from
\lond.on 74 deg. 5 niin. Weftward. But the
chief thing they difcover'd was, tliat there
was no Padiige in the North di Davis Strains ^
it bt^lng no other than a great Bay ; but that
profit might be made by fifhing for Whales,
Morifes, and Unicorns, of which there are
Icood ftore.
In 1616. Mr. Baffin went agaiii. In Sir
uho. Smithh Sound, 78 d^g, Lac. their Com-
pafs varied 56 deg. Weftward, the greateil
variation that is any where known. Defpair-
ing to dillover their defired North-wefi: Paf-
lajje, they returned home, and fince that wc
hear of no more Voyages made h'om England
upon that defign, except by Capt. Jamesy in
1 163 1.
This Ingenious and mofl Skilful Navigator,
Capt. Tho, James was pellcrM witli much Ice
in thefe North- Weft Seas in J/^ne and Jf*l}y
failing from Cape-Farewell^ by the liland of
mj^olution, to M///'s and Nottingham Iftes, as
alio that caird M.wsfitld^ from vv?icnce he
|iiccr'd over a grc.it lijy to tlic Weihvardv
near
i '*> ^'i
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2 o ^ A Suppletnent to
near Port-Ndfon^ and named the Land AW
South-H\iles. He met hereabouts witii Cant.
fkv, in one of his Majefty s Ships, wlio had
been in Fort-Nelfoj^^ but they were foon part-
cd by bad Weather. Capt. James continued
to roving up and down thcfe Seas, and givin'^
Names to his Dilcoveries, as Cafe Heyiynttx
Mina, LordWejlon's llhnd. The EarlofBnJloti
IfJandy Sir Thomas R^e^s JJland^ Earl of Dadfs
IJiaady Charlton IJIand^ where he winter'd in the
Lat. oi 52 deg. 30 min. from whence lie return-
ed home in 1632. having built a Httle Pinnace
out ol his Ship, in which he pafTed over to
Carjs Sivan^'Aefl^ and fo by Cape Charles 2^^^
SaUsbury-Ilk homewards, having made manyj
additional Difcoveries beyond Hudfon^ Buttony\
and Bajfin.
This Ifland (faith Capt. James) and all the
reft (as well as the Main) is a light white
Sand, coverd over with a white Mofs, and
full of Shrubs and low Bufhes, excepting;
fome bare Hills and Parches, where the Sand
will drive with the Wmd like Duft. 'lis
full of Trees, as Spruce^ Ftrrs^ and Jumper,
which together with the Moft will take lire
like Torches Oi Flax. We found great ftore
of an Herb like Scurvy-grafs^ which boil'd,
did extreamly refrefli us. We faw fome Deer,
abundance of Foxes, a few Bears, and fome
little Bcafts. In May there came fome FowlJ
as Ducks and Geefe ; white Partridges we
law ; Fifh we could never fee any in t!ic
., 'I
M
ii
^w3^^^
to the North-Eajl Voyages, 207
5ca, nor any Bones of Fifh on the Shore fide,
excepting a fcA Cockle-fhells. The iMnskitoes
upon our com"':;^ away in "Jnly were moll in-
tolerable, tlicvc being no Fence againft them.
The Climate (of tlic Ijle of Lhar i:to?i) is moil
imnaturai, the Days in Summer being excef-
five hot, and the Nights flurp Frofts, even
roan inch thicknefs in the F -nds, and all this
in June and J///y. Here an; diveis forts of"
Flies, as Butter-flies, Butchers-flics, Horfe-
{;ics, infinite numbers of Ants and Frogs,
[Icnty of Vetches, which recovered our Scor-
butick Men. And yet that which is mod
wonderful, the Winter is as fevere here as
ia any place lying 30 degrees more Nor-
therly.
The King of Denmark alfo, partly to ad-
Ivance the Trading of his own, and partly to
I renew his ancient Pretence to that Country,
if any thing fliould be difcover'd worth the
claiming whilft the EfiglijJj were bufie in thefe
Difcoveries, let out two Ships and a Pmnace
1605. the Admiral was Capt. John Gonnigham
a 6W, Godske Lwdetraiv a noble Da/te was
Vice- Admiral, the chief Pilots were Jamni:
Hall and Jofjfi Isjiigbt^ EngHfi-Mt/i, Godske ar-
rived on fome pare of the Country where he
traffick'd fome fmall matters with the Na-
tives, took two of them, and returned into
Denmark. The other two Ships arrived at
Ci/'f Farmvelly thence went t'fohjher's Straits^
gave
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2o8 i4 Supplement to
gave D^tnijb Names to divers places, trade
with the Natives, oF wiiom they brought
way three, and found certain Jitones in a pla^
Crdled CV//7////7v/;.n/;'j- tordy out of aii iiuncirt::]
jwund of which were exiraftcd twenty-ii
Ounces of fnie Silver.
In i6o6. he fent agahi for four Ships an
and a Pinnance Godske Lindi/i.tw Adniir^;
and 'j.tmes H.ill Piiot-General, they broun'i
away Five of the Natives.
Ii7 1607. ^^mes Hxll was fent again, h^i
the ?canien mutinying as foon as he cani'j w
tlie Coalt, brought the Ship back again iiK3
Di^'z-jwarky without any thing done.
The King of Denmark {^^K. out two Ship
more, under Chriflian Richardfon an Holflii/.'-;
with Norwegian and IJelmdijh Mariners, w In
returned before they faw Shore. iMore
their Expeditions we know not, till 1619
when he lent cuijohn Muuck with two Ships
"They arrived fafe at Cape Farewell^ 60 dcg
30 min. where their Tackle was fo fro/Vvii
and full of Hides, that they could not lia
die them ; tiie next Day was fo hot, that th
could not endure rlieir Clothes, but wroiii;li
in their Shirts. The South part of Hndjon
E.ty he called M^rf Novum ; that part toward
Gronelayniy Mare Chridianuin , He arriv'i
in <^^ dcg. CO min. wfierc he wintcr'd, aii
caird It Mu'/?cks Winter- H<ir hour ^ and t
Countrv NeivDi^/i7?i.vkj ("\x feems to be iv:
t\
to
places, tradci
icy brought aj
itoncs ill a plad
of ail lumdm
led twcacy-liJ
four Ships aiij|
it //.tip Adiiiir^i
[y they broii;j,'i
fent again, h
III as he canr: k
lack again in::
lone.
out two Shins
^b/i ail Holjl'iir:'
Mariners, wii
lore. iMorc o|
not, till I Old
with two S!Mps|
areivell^ 60 dcgj
was ib iro/Vvii
could not Iiaii
fo hot, that tlit
s, but wroui;!)
)art of Hudion
lat part toward
He ariiv'c
c winter'd, an;
bortry and t'l
ms to be ivj.
the North' Eaji Voyages] 209
P/V^'^ Ifland^ In that long Winter he there
endured, little of Note happen'd, but that in
Afrtl it rained, and then came thithe,: vaft
quantities of Fowls, of divers forts, to breed
(ill thofe quiet undirfurbed places. Of all his
ICompany, which was Forty Six in one Ship,
and Sixteen in the Pinnace, Icarce fo many
were left alive, as were able to bring the Pin-
nace thorow very horrid dangers, to their own
[Country.
If any one dcfire to know what became of
the Eight GroneUnders brought at feveral
times into Denmarky the Account is this : The
ing commanded great care fhould be taken
them, appointed certain Perlons to attend
them, to give them Liberty enough, fo as
|hey prevented their efcape. No NecefTary
ir Conveniency was wanting ; their Food
[uch as they could eat, Mdk, Butter, Cheefe,
'lefh, and Fifli, but raw. They could eat
p Bread, nor boil'd Meat, but nothing fo
uch abhorr'd by them as Wine, or Brandy;
heir plealanteft Beuvrage was I'rain Oyl.
iiit whatever was done to, or for them,
lould never take away that Melancholy and
ihagrin which they continually lived in for
le want of their beloved Country. They
)uld never be brought to learn much of the
)iint(lj Language, or to apprehend any thing
|f Cliriftian Pvcligion. Three of them were
:nt back towards their own Country i6od.
P the
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21*0 J Supplement to
the mod towardly and hopeful, who might
ferve for Interpreters and Brokers to the
Da/ies \ but two of them, Oxo and Omeg^ died
in the Ship, and the third (becaufe the Dm^
durft not land or trade by rcafon of the great
numbers of Natives that appeared in Arms
on the Coafl, ready to revenge them that had
been before carried away) was brought back
into Denmurk^ to his lormer Treatmejit. An
Ambaffador arriving there from SfAiriy the
King was plcafed to (hew him thofe Savages,
and their dexterity in rowing, which was by
all the Speftators admired, 'i'hc Amballador
fending them Money, one of rhem had the
courage to buy him Clothes after the Dmi^)
Falhion, got a Feather in his Cap, Boots and
Spurs, and all things da. cavdiere ; he came
alfo to the King, and defired to ferve him;
but this fervor was quickly decay'd, and tb^
poor Man returned to his fadnefs and com-
plaints. Some of them endeavoured to gettc
Sea in their little Boats, but being retrieved
dyed of Melancholy. Two hved diver
years at Kj)Umgen in 'Jutland^ where the]
were employed in diving for Pearl JVlu
fcles ; in which their Skill and Dextcrit;,
was fuch, that every one that faw them be
lieved they had praftifed the fame Employ
ment in their own Country. Such Succe(
they had, that the Governour promifed him
felf great Profit thereby ; and that in a (lior
tim
li ,1
.■:l t
M
who might I
)kcrs to thJ
^dOmeg^ died
ul'e the Dmi\
n of the great
red in Armsl
hem that had!
brought backl
eatmcnt. An
m Spaii'ft the]
thofe Savages
which was by!
ic AmbalTadurl
hem had the]
ter the Dmjl)
ap, Boots and I
tere-y he came
to ferve him;
pa5;'d, and tb^
lels and com-
Dured to get tc
eing retrieved
) hved diver
where the]
r Pearl Mu
and Dextcrit],
faw them be
fame Employ
Such Succei
promifed him
that in a Ihor
tim
to the North -Ea/i Voyages, Hi'
time he fliould Icll Pearls by the Quart, if
they contiiiMcd. Buc his Covctoufnefs de-
Itroycd his Gain; for not content with whac
they filhcd in Summer, lie alfo compelled them'
under the Ice in Wintertime ; where one of
them fell into fucli a Difcafc, from the cold
lo contraded, that he dyed. After whofc
Death tlie other never enjoyed himfelf ; but
linding an opportunity, he got his little Boat,
and before he was over overtaken got to the
main Sea. But being brought back, they re-
prefented to him the impoflibility of his ever
getting home to Gro;?eiaf2d -, but he flighted
their Advice, and told them, That he in-
tended to go Northward fo far, and when he
was there the Stars would direct him into his
own Country.
The Country is moftly all High-land aad
and Mountains, cover'd with Snow all the
Year, but the Southern Parts move than the
Northern. They have very little or no Wood
growing there, except fome few Bufhes, and
not many Plants or Herbs ; confequently not
many Beafts there nourifhed, but tl)eir chief
fubfillance is upon Fifhing. There are divers
Mountains, which promife rich Mines of
Metal ; and fome have been found to contain
it adually, others only to make a fiaew. The
Inhabitants know neither fowing nor planting ;
tho* the Soil feem'd to be fertile and plea-
jlant, efpecially between the Mountains, The
P 2 Nor-
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111 i4 SuppUttient to
Nortliern parts, by reafon of tlic terrible lu
and Cold, are wliolly uiidifcovcr'd j the
fouthern tonfill of many Illands, diHcrcnt in
fliapcs and bigncfs; which fcems to be thi;
realon, that in thcfe Seas are many various
and ftrong currents, (and as Ivor Bott faith)
very many dangerous Whirlpools towards
the Weft: and North, none of which however
have been found by our Mariners. The
Country feems much fubjcct to Earth-quakes,
cllc very healthful ; only it was obferv'd,
that thole who went thither infeded with
any Venereal Difeafegrew worfe immediately,
and could not there be cured. Which they
attributed to the purity of the Air, perhaps
they might have done it more rationally to
the Cold.
Ivor Boty fpeaks much alfo of their great
numbers of Cows and Sheep ; but our Men
found no Bealt there, but Bears, Foxes, (very
many ofwiiichare black) Rain-l)eer,and Dogs,
whereof are two forts, a bigger, which they
ufed to draw their Sleds ^ and a lelFer, which
they feed for their Tables. Our Menobfcrvd
this peculiarity both in their Foxes and Dogs,
that their Fizzles were of Bone. T ho it is
very likely, that there are the fame forts
which are in Lapidr/d and SamoiedA ; but our
Men have not fearched any more tliaii the
Shores, both becaufe of their fhort ftay, and
the Treachery of the Inhabitants. _
Oi
terrible Ic^
vcr'd ; tho
dirt'crcnt in
[IS to be the
nany various
)r Botf faith)
Dols towards
Vich however
riners. The
Earth-quakes,
svas obrervVi,
inleded with
: immediately,
Which thty
Air, perhaps
i rationally to
of their great
but our Men
;, Foxes (vt:rY
Deer,and Dogs,
cr, which they
a leffer, which
arMenobfcrvd
oxes and Dogs,
one. Tho^itisi
he fame forts
oieda ; but our
more tliaii the
fhort ftay, and]
01
the Morth'EaJl Voyages 1 1 j
Of Fifhes there is great both Plenty and
Variety, Whales, Seals, Dog-fifh ; but i»i
thefe arc caught the great quantity of Sea-
Unicorns, whofe Horns are \'% much eftecm-
cd, and kept as Rarities in the Cabinets of
Princes. The Natives here are ib well lio-
red withit, that they have fufficent both for
truck and their own ule. Tlicy make of them
(befides other Utenfils) Swords, and Heads
for their Darts and Arrows ; which they
work and grind with Stones, till they make
them (harp piercing as ouvs. The Horn
grows in the Snout of the Fiih, and is Jiis
Weapon, wherewith he fears not to fight the
Whale, and to alfault and fometimes endan-
ger a Ship. The Fifh itfelf isas large as an
Ox, very ftrong, fwifc, and hard to be caught,
except left on the Shore by the Tide, or en-
tangled by the Weeds.
Fowls are here in great abundance and
variety. Our Men have feen thofe they call
Bafs'Gee/e, or fuch as once a year comes to
breed in the Bafs^ a famous Rock or Ifland
near Edhiburgh. The Natives alfo have a ve-
ry great Art and Dexterity in making and
fetting Snares and Springs to catch them ;
which they do chiefly for their Skins and
Feathers. Two or three of our Men with their
Guns killed in one Day Fifteen hundred, and
found them wcrfe{tarted, better cloth'd than
thofe of the fame kind in thefe Countries ^
p J
they
il
fi
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they could not cat t' 'i till flay'd, tlicir
Skin> being very thick, rouji^li and more covciM
wun Fcathcrs,\vlnch alio were notcarily pluck-
ed oti'i which is the icafon that the Natives
drelb their Skins as they do thole of Ikaits,
and Seals, and make Garments of them, u-
fmg tiiem to all purpoles like other Inirrs;
uith the Feathers outward in Summer, m-
ward in \V niter ; wiiichisallo obferv'd in all
other cold Countries, as well as (Jrontland.
All rciibns, that have been there, give a
wondeiiul and flrange account of a certain
Norih-li^k, as they call it, not eaiily con-
ceived bv them who liave not i'een ' it. It
appears ulually about the time of the new
Moon, and tho' only in the North, yet M\
it eniightcn the whole Country ; fometimcs
alio Aorivajj Ifeland^ and even thefe Regions
of curs, as C -(fendus (zita Firesk^ c^ exfrcn.
In doctorem ') faith, himfelf obferved, and
at large defciibes. Nor fhould I much doubt
to affirm, that it is that which is Ibmetimcs
feen in England^ and cfpecially m the Nor-
thern parts, call'd Strt\imih>g, It is faid to be
like a great Pillar (ox Beam) of Fire, yet dart-
ing out Rays and Streams every way, niovin;^
alu) from place to place, and leaving beiiuid
it a Mill or Cloud ; continuing alfo till ihe
Sun-beams hide it.
The Country feems to be inhabited by ilr
vers Nations, difteing in Habit, Manners and
Language. Thofc whom 'J.imes Kt// found
• - wild
the Korth'EaJl Voya^es^ ' ^ ' 5
and brought with him, differed much from
thofc witli whom Godske Ltndenaw had to do;
That part which tlie Norwegians are faid to
have anciently poffclTcJ, was an inconfidcra-
ble part of that wholcCountry,and they found
fcveral Nations there befides themielves, go-
vern d by feveral Kings; tho' tliey write not
that they had Wars one with another, but
only againft them. Our (ate Diicovcrers in
66 deg. 50 min. found a Country which the
Natives (as tlicy could underliand thcm^
called Secanunga^ who alfo faid, that they
had a great King, carrried on Mens Shoul-
ders, and they called him Cachico, But more
Particulars than tliefe, I find not.
The Inhabitants are generally of a low
Statuie, black Hair, flat nos'd, broad fac'd,
Lips turn'd up, and ot a ripe Olive colour,
fome of them alfo quite black. Their Wo-
m^n (for their greater Ornament doubtlcfs)
itain their Faces in blue, and fomcdiiie in
black Streaks, which colour they let into the
Skin, by pricking it with a Hiarp Bone, that
it will never be taken or worn out. In all
things they refemble the Samoieds and Lap-
la/ide'^s. They are very aftive and flrong,yet
could fome of our EngUfJj run fwifter, and leap
farther than any of them , but they were
hard enough for any of ours at w refiling,
They alfo are very courageous,and fometimes
defperatc ; for rather than be taken by our
P4
Men,
it
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Men, they will throw themfelves doWn the
Rocks and Mountains. Extreamly thieviflj,
treacherous, and revengeful they proved ^
nor could any kindnefs or fair-dealing win
them ; but as true Barbarians, never omit-
ted any Opportunity of fulfilling their Dc-
fires; they would fte»l when they faw the
Mariners look upon them. After they had
been well ufed and treated at their Tables,
they would fhoot at, fling Stones, wound and
.kill our Men, if they could. Yet are they
apprehenfive enough, and quickly conceive
yours, and exprefs their own meaning. If
they had not feen what was asked them, they
winked, or covered their Eyesj if they un-
derftood not, ftopt their Ears, and the like.
They deliftht exceedingly inMufick,to vhich
they would keep time both with their Voice,
Hands and Feec^ wonderful alfo affeftionaie
one to another, and to thcu* Country. In
one Voyage there went a Ddnijb Manner,
with black Hair, flat Nos'd, ani other, tlio'
not very exact refemblances of a Groneland^.r •
as foon as they faw him, they came vaboiit
him, kifled him, hung upon him, and (liewcd
to him all poflible demonftrations of Kind-
nefs and Affeftion. And thole who were in
Denmark never enjoyd themfelves, nor had a-
ny content, but continually pined away, and
Janguifh'd with Dilcontent for their Conditi-
on, and love of their Country. Their Keh-
the North'EaJl Voyages. 1 1 7
gion, fucli as it is, feems to be unto the Sun ;
tor when our People invited them to Con-
verfation, Bartering, drc they held up their
Hands towards the Sun and cried Totan ; nor
would they come near us till our Men had done
the like. But Jolm Mumk and divers others,
having gone farther into the Country, found
Images, fuch as we make of Devils, with
Horns. Beaks, Claws, cloven Feet, &c. very
ill made; Altars alfo, and quantities of Bones
of Beafts, as of Deer, Foxes, Dogs and the
like, near unto them. I'hey feemalfo, as all
Idolatars, given to Enchantments and Sorce-
ries Our Men have feen them lying flat
upon the Earth, and muttering their Pray-
ers or Ciiarms into the Ground, worfliip-
ping the Devil, whofe proper Habiiation
they conceive to be under them. In fomc
Dileafes they tyc a ftick to a great Stone,
to which they pay their Devotions, and if
they can lift it up eafily and lightly, they think
their Prayers are heard and Recovery granted.
In Winter they retire from the Sea fide to the
warmer Valleys^ where they have their
Houfes and Towns, which are commonly
Caves at the foot of an Hill, round like an
Oven, clofe to one another, and PalTages in
the inner Parts from one to another ^ their
Doors, which are low and round, open to
tlie South ; and they dig Trenches alfo to
draw away the Water that falls or drains
from
:|' ir
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jr,'
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2 1 8 J Supplement to
from the Hill. The entrance and fome part
of their Houlc ftands without the Cave,\vhich
tlicy Frame very hajpdfomely and commode
oufly of the RibsAof Whales join'd ar-
tificially at the top,%nd cover'd with Seals-
skins. They raife alfo one part of their
Floor higher than another, which they ftrow
with Mofs to lleep upon. But in their
Filhing-time they have Tents, which they
remove from Place to Place in their larger
Boats. They fet up four Poles and cover
them with Skins, which ferves very well in
Summer ; when fifhing is done they return
with them to their Houles. Their manner
of bartering is to make two heaps, one of
fuch things as they dch^re, the other of whai
they would part with ; and they ceafe not
to take away from the • one or other till
the Trade is balianced. The chielcll: things
of ours wliich they valued, were Knives,
Needles, little pieces of Iron, Looking-
^lalTes, drc. for thefe they would fell their
Bows and Arrows, their Boats, and Ibip
ihemfelves of their Clothes, but never, like
fome other Barbarians, fell their Wives and
Children.
Their Clothing is either of Birds-skins,
with the Feathers and Down upon them,
or Seals, Dog-fifli, or the like. Seals they
ufc molf in thcur Fifliing, becaufe that Fiili
there abounds, and are eafily deceived by
leeii
liT
Ml
id fome part
Cave,\vhich
id cornmodi-
i join'd ar-
i with Seals-
art of their
h they ft row
Jut in their
which they
I their larger
;s and cover
very well iii
e they return
licir manner
heaps, one oi
other of what
ley cealc not
or other till
chielell: things
were Knives,
)n , Looking"
3uld fell their
us, and ftnp
mt never, like
iiir Wives and
3f Birds-skins,
n upon them,
kc. Seals they
aufe that Fifli
y deceived by
to the North' Eaji Voyages, i \ p
feeing one clad in their own Livery ; befides
that thefe kind of Furs are not fo apt to be
wet, though dippM in Water. They wear
th( -lair fide outward in Summer, inward
in Vv inter, and in great Colds carry two or
more Suits one upon another. They drefs
their Skins very well, making them dry, fofr.
and durable, and fow them alfo very lirong
with Sinews of Beafts, and Needles made of
Filh-bones.
But in nothing do they fliew fo much Art
as in their Boats or Canoes. They are made
of that we call Wlialebone, about an inch
thick and broad, and thefe not fet like Ribs,
but all along from Prow to Poop, fall fowed
to one another with frrong Sinews^ and co-
ver'd over with Seals-skin. They are from
ten to twenty Foot long, and about two
Foot broad, made like a Weaver's Shuttle,
fharp at both ends, fo that he can row ei-
ther way ; and in making this pointednefs
they are of all tilings moll: curious, for there-
in confilis the (length of their Veifel. In
the middle of it are the Ribs, both to keep
the fides afunder, and to make the Hole in
the covering, wiierein the Rower iits. They
have a Deck made of the fime Materials,
wliich is clofely faftcn'd to the fides, in the
midil: whereof is a round Hole, as big as the
middle of a Man ; fo that when he coes
to Sen, he fets himfeU in that Hole, ilretch-
11-1(7
I'll
I .1
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c.
\ y
i
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1:
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2 2 i4 Supplement to
ing out his Feet forward into the hollow oF
the Boat ; he flops up the Hole fo clofe with
his Frock, or loofe upper Garment, that no
"Water can enter, though it were in the
bottom of the Sea. His Frock is ftrait tyed
at the FLmd-wrifts, and to his Neck, and his
Capouch lowed aifo dole to it ; lb that it' the
Boat be overturned or overwhelmed in the
Sea, he rifes again without any wet either
upon his Skin or in his Boat. They have
but one Oar, which is about ^\y. loot lonii,
with a Paddkj fix Indies broad at either end;
this ferves him both to ballancc his Boat
and move it ; which he doth with that in-
credible fcelerity, that one of our Boats with
ten Oars is not able to keep company with
them ; The Danilh relation faith, that they
rowed fo fwifc, that they even dazled the
Eyes of the Spe8:ators^ and the' they c roiled
frequently, yet never interfered or hit one a-
nother.
Their FiOilng ordinarily is darting, their
Darts are long, Ifrongly barbed, and at the
oiher end have Bladders fiften'd to them,
that when they have (truck a Fifh, he may
fpcnd him fdf with ft niggling to get under
Water, which yet he cannot do, and fo i3 ci-
lily taken.
Befides thefe, they have greater Boats
for the removing their Tents and other Utcii-
fils, as alfo to carry their Fifh they have cauglit
tJ
the North'EaJl Voyages, 2 1 1
to their Houfes ; thefe are thirty and forty
foot long, and have fometimes ten, and
fometime more feats for Rowers.- Cardinal
Bembjs (in his Venenan Hiftory) faith, that
in his tiiiie one of tliefe, withVeven Ferfons
in it, was by a Storm caft upon the Coafl:
of Britany, I know not whether it be
worth mentioning that they have Kettles
and Pans made of Stone, (fome fay of Load-
llone) that endures the Fire wonderfully,
but not having Tools fit to hollow them fuf-
ficiently, they make up the Edges of Whale-
bone.
F3^E£SI.i^^2), or
Lleth in Co deg. more Wcilerly than
any Part of Euroi^e ^ diftant from IfeU?7d
Leagues. It is reported in bignefs not
to be much Iciler than EngUmi-, a ragged
and high Land, ihc Mountains cover'd with
Snow, and the Coall lb full of dvifc Ice, that
it is ahnoll inaccclTiblc.
It
Ill
, 1
'\'iiy
i ;
I;: :
i! :ni. Ti
A Supplement to
It was firft difcovered to us by Ntcolso
and Antonio ^Lmi^ two Vemtixn Gentlemen,
that were here ihipwrackd. I'hey defcnbc
the Inhabitants to be good Chriitians, very
civil, and to be governed by a great Lord
whofc Name was Zjchm^ty^ whofe mighty
Conquells, and llrange Accidents may be
read in Hacklutt. It is not our buiiuLfs to
write or repeat Romances. Thole xVIca
whom our Seamen, f touching there accidcn-
tallyj faw, were like in all things to the
GroneUnders^ both in Features of Body, and
manner of Living, as much as they could
judge ^ fo like, that many of them thought
it continued to Groneland ; in which Opinion
alfo they were confirmed by the multitudes
of the Iflands of Ice which coming trom the
North, argued Land to be that Way ; for ma-
ny of our Mariners hold, that fait Water
doth not freeze, but that all the Ice-they find
in the Sea comes from the Bays, and Mouths
ot frefh Water Rivers ; for the Ice it lelf is
fweet and frefh, being difTolved, and ferves
for all purpofes, as well as Spring or River
Water. Befides the fait Sea (they fay; is
always in motion, and fo cannot freeze.
But the Dutcby who wintered in Novx
Zembla^ took Notice, that the fait Water
freez'd, and that two Inches thick in one
Night.
There
by NtcoLio
3cntlemcn,
z^ dcfcnbc
Itians, very
great Lord
ofe mii;hty
Its may be
buiineb to
riiofe iVk'ii
lere acc'ulcn-
ngs to the
Body, and
they could
em thought
lich Opinio a
■t multitudes
ng ti'Oin the
''ay ; for ma-
t lalt Water
Ice- they find
and Mouths
Ice it lelf is
1, and ferves
ng or River
;they fay; is
nnot freeze.
r'd in Novx
; fait Water
thick in one
the North'EaJl Voyages. a 2 j
There fccms to be ^ood Filhing every
where upok-^ the Coaft. In their foundings
they brought up a fort of pale Coral, and lit-
tle Stones clear as Cryftal. They call it IVef}
EngUnd^ and one of the higheft Mountains
they called ilharing-CroJs.
F I 3\C^ 1 S,
/
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i::,i*ll
Advertifement.
THE Pofthumous VVorks of ^o^^rr //<?oi(:/, M. D.
s R,S, Gcom. Prof. Grcfli. &c. co:]tainin^ his
Cutlerian LcAures, and other Difcoufcs, read at the
Meetings of the Illuftrious . Royal Society. In which
1. The prefent Deficiency of Natural Philofophy is
difcourfed of, with the Methods of rendering it more
certain and beneficial. II. The Nature, Motion and
EfFeds of Light are treated of, particularly that of the
Sun and Comets. III. An Hypothetical Explication of
Memory ; how the Organs made ufeof by the Mind
in its Operation, may be Mechanically underftood.
IV. An Hyputhcfis and Explication of the caule of
Gravity, or Gravitation, iViagnetifm, &c. V. Dif-
courfes oi Earthquakes, their Caufes and Effecfts, and
Hiftories of feveral ; to which are annext^ Phyfical
Explications of feveral of the Fables in Ot^^'s AUtA-
morphofesy very different from other Mythologick In-
terpreters. VI. LecHiures for improving Navigation
ani ARronomy, with the Difcription of feveral new
aiidufcful Inftrumcnts and Contiivances ^ the whole
fall of curious Difquifitionsand Experiments, llluftra-
ted with Sculptures. To thefe Difcourfes is prcfixt
the Author's Life, giving an Accoiincof his Studies
and Employments, with an F numeration of the main
Experiments, Inllrumcnts, Contrivances and Inventi-
ons by him made and produc'd as Curator of Experi-
ments to the Royal Society. Publiih'd by R^ihan^
Waller^ K.S Seer. Printed for IVilliam rmys, at th(
'Prince ^-Arn:s in St PahI\ Church-yard, in Folio.
It,
containini^ his
lies, read at the
iety. la which
il philofophy is
ndering it more
re, Motion and
jlarlythatofthe
al Explication of
: of by the Mind
:ally underftood.
of the cauie of
[1, 6-c. V. Dif-
and Effe(n:s, and
annexti Phyfical
i in Ovid's AfetA-
Mythologick In-
3ving Navigation
)n of fevcral new
nices ^ the whole
•nments. illultra-
ifcourfes is prcfixt
3uncof his Studies
ation of the wapy
ancesand Inventi-
:urator of Expcn-
)li(h'd by K^^hanl
•lUani I-nip, at ihe
-yard, in Folio.