^ A^< IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) (./ ^ A ^ 1.0 ^K£ 1^ lii 1.1 IIS Itt ^> Sdencjes Carporaiion 2i Yi,'?ST VAM< STRUT WSBSTIR,f«./. 14SM (7t6)S72-4S03 V '^ % <^ ^ ^^^ v*^^ c> '^.*'- '^ o^ CIHM/iCMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICIVIH Coiiection de microfiches. Canadian Instituta for Historical IVIicroraproductiont / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiquas Technical and Bibliographic Notas/Notos tachniquat at bibliographiquaa Tha inatituta haa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may aignificantly changa tha uaual mathod of filming, ara chacicad balow. D D n D Colourad covara/ Couvartura da coulaur I I Covara damagad/ Couvartura andommagte Covara raatorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura reataurte et/ou pailiculAa □ Covar titia miasing/ La D titra da couvartura manqua lourad mapa/ Cartaa gtographiquaa an coulaur rri Colourad mapa/ □ Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) I I Colourad plataa and/or iiiuatrationa/ Planchaa at/ou iiiuatrationa an coulaur Bound with othar material/ Rail* avac d'nutraa documanta Tight binding may cauaa ahadowa or diatortion along interior margin/ La re liure aarrte peut cauaar da I'ombre ou de la diatortion la long de la marge intArieure Blank laavea added during reatoration may appear within tha text. Whenever poaaibia, theae have been omitted from filming/ II ae peut que certainea pagea blanche ajouttea lore d'una reatauration apparaiaaant dana la texte, maia, ioraqua cela Atait poaaibia, cea pagea n'ont pea AtA filmAea. Additional commanta:/ Commantairaa supplAmentairaa: L'Inatitut a microfilm* la meilleur exemplaira qu'il lui a AtA poatibia de ae procurer. Lea dAtaila de cet exemplaira qui aont paut-Atre uniquea du point da vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dana la mdthoda normale de fiimage aont indiquto ci-deaaoua. |~~| Coloured pagea/ D Pagea de couleur Pagea damaged/ Pagea endommagAea □ Pagea raatorad and/or laminated/ Pagea reatauriea et/ou pelliculAea Pagea diacoloured, atained or foxed/ Pagea dAcolortea, tachettea ou piqutea □ Pagea detached/ Pagea d^tachtea HShowthrough/ Tranaoarance Tranaparance Quality of prir Quality in^gala de I'impreaaion I I Quality of print variaa/ □ Inciudea aupplementary material/ Comprend du matMal auppMmentaire Only edition available/ I I cSeule Mition diaponibia T^ to T^ p< of fil Oi bf th sii ot fil ai( or Tl al^ Tl w M di ar b< ril re m Pagea wholly or partially obacurad by errata aiipa, tiaauea, etc.. have been ref limed to enaure the beat poaaibia image/ Lea pagea totalement ou partiellement obacurciea par un feuillat d'arrata, une pelure, etc., ont 4tA filmAea ib nouveau da fapon h obtenir la mailleure image poaaibia. Thia item la filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document eat film* au taux da rMuction indiqui ci-deaaoua. 10X 14X 18X 22X asx aox y 12X lex aox 24X anc 32X The copy fllmttd h«r« has b««n r«produe«d thanks to tho ganarosity of: Library of tha Public Archivas of Canada L'axamplaira fiim4 f ut raproduit grica A la gAnArosit* do: La bibliothAqua das Archivas publiques du Canada Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha bast quality possibia considaring tha condition and lagibility of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha filming contract spacificationa. Original copias in printad papar covara ara filmad baginning with tha front covar and andlng on tha laat paga with a printad or illustratad impraa- sion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All othar original copias ara filmad baginning on tha first paga wKh a printad or illustratad impras- sion. and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illustratad imprassion. Tha last racordad frama on aach microflcha shall contam tha symbol ^^ (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha symbol y (moaning "END"), whichavar applias. Laa imagas suivantas ont AtA raproduitas avac la plus grand soin, compta tanu da la condition at da la nattatA da l'axamplaira filmA, at an conformitA avac las conditions du contrat da filmaga. Laa axamplairas originaux dont la couvartura an poplar aat ImprimAa sont filmAs an commandant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant soit par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'imprassion ou d'illustration, soit par la sacond plat, salon la cas. Tous las autras axamplairas originaux aont filmAs an commandant par la pramiAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'imprasMion ou d'illustration at an tarminant par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una talla amprainta. Un das symbolas suivants apparaTtra sur la darnlAra imaga da chaqua microflcha. salon la cas: la symbols — ► signifia "A SUIVRE", la symbols V signifia "FIN". Maps, platas, charts, ate, may ba filmad at diffarant raduction ratios. Thoaa too larga to ba antiraly includad in ona axpoaura ara fiimad baginning in tha uppar laft hand cornar, laft to right and top to bottom, as many framaa as raquirad. Tha following diagrams illustrata tha mathod: Las cartas, planchas, tablaaux, ate, pauvant Atra filmAs A das taux da rAduction diff Arants. Lorsqua la documant ast trop grand pour Atra raproduit on un saul clichA, 11 ast filmA A partir da I'angia supAriaur gaucha, da gaucha A droita, at da haut an has. an pranant la nombra d'imagas nAcassaira. Las diagrammas suivants illustrant la mAthodo. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 l\'-k A Ut\Lii^^ REPORT ON THE BOINDART LINE BETWEEN THE PROVINCES OF CANADA AND NEW BRUNSWICK; WITH AN APPENDIX. MONTREAL: PRINTEO BY DESBARATS & DERBISHIRE, PRINTER TO THE ftUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. 1844. A R E V R T O.N Till'; BOUNDARY LINE di:t\vi:k\ tiik provixcks of CANADA AND NEW BKUNSAVICK. LIST OF COXTEJsTS. I Nn. 1.- '• 2.- '• s — '• 9.— Vngc -IiUroiliictiiry I.otli'r I •Clenrrii'. KliiU'inciil i>ii lirhiill'orc.'aiimla 2 AViKliTii F.xirrinily "f llii' BaiuilivClmleiirs. — The itescriiUiuii ol'iU ponition, given ou tliu parlol New Itniiiswii-k. slii'wn Id lii'iTroiii'oiis 8 Oriieral Drscn'plioii ol' the several localilici), deiiigimting the true posiliou of the Southern Bountlnry Lhic of Canailn II Uemarks on Dr. (Jo.-roccc(loil by mysulf to perl'orm 'liu ex- nniiniilions iiml i'X|ili)riitiiiiis ium pssiiry fur fully iisrcr- lainiliii lliL' irui) iiDnitlnH iiriniimlly inloncled mid ilrs- cribiMl, liy llio Hiilisli Covuriiiiiriil, fur llii; NdiilliLTii Imniid.iry' lino of the rrovince of (Jiiclwr, mid id«> lo tiiid out mid iircnirf, wlieri; it was jiossililo, milIi dci- tuiiii'iilnry aiilliorilii.'s as woulil scivo to rxpLilii or sustain lliii jiosilions wliirli should liu uitiiiiiilLdy adopli'd. Ill ilicsc explorations and rcscarclios I was rt'inarka- lily successful. Tlio natural fcaliiros of llMM'ciuntry were foiinil lobe so stronulv inarkrd, [lartiriiliirly in llir viiinily of lliu ]!aiecli"*( lialeiir>i,(liat no doulil Knild ri'.isonalily i:xi>tiis toilio I.Kul apiilio.iiioii ofilic Icriiis iiM'd in llio original du.siri|ilions of llin soiillirin liouh.lary of Caiiaila, and tlio rcMilt >lio\vslliat Nrw l!rini>wii k, so far from liuini,' entiili'tl lo (I, dm anv adiiilional Icrrilory iVoin Canada, is now aittially in |"i>si'ssion ul' nlioul -',:! l(t,('()0 acres of territory, »/i(/»f.WH)/i(/W.iy Ciminliiii:, l\iiii; to llio soiidi of liie l{i.al Aulhorily, are (k'sciibeil ill the Coinniissiiuis of the (ioveriiors of that I'roviiico IIS follows, viz ; — i " Hounded on Iho westward by the mouth of ihc .A|.|in.li\, " river Saint Croix, by the said nver to its source, •*-' " and by a line drawn due iinrth from Iheni-e lo the l" soiilherii liounckir\ of our l'iii\iiiee of (^uehec, tn ihu " niMlhwaid bv the said lupuiidary as far as the wesli ril , '• cxtrcmily of the Haie des Chaleiir,-." j All descriptions of the same boundaries inserted A||riicli.\, I in ihe Coniimssioiis nf the (ioveriiors of N'uva Scnlia, " from the \ear I'ti'i, up lo the period when New Itruiiswick was severed from that Province ami creeled into a separate goveriimeiil, are in nearly tht< same leiins and are precisely identical in their conslrnclioii ! with the descriplion aho\e recited.* I The sonlhern boundary of the Province of t^ui bee, '(now Canada,) .is ulerred lo in llie fnreuiiiiig des- cription, is described in a Koval Proclainalion of 17tJJ as follows, viz ; — l| " From whence, (iho sonlli end of lake \ipis>im) !j" liio said line crossing the river Saiiil Lawrence ami ■|" the Lake Champlain in 1.') degrees iif norlli laiilude, ^; " passesalong ihc hiL;hlani!s which divide Ihe rivers that ! " em|ily themselves into ibo said river Saint l.awr.'iico j " lioiii I hose which fill into ihe si.'a, and also along the " 1101 til coast of the Mali.' des Chaleiirs and the enasl of j " the gulf of Saint Lawrence to t'ape Uosier." ' 'I'liP same hoimdary is again described in the impo- [ rial Act of II lieor;;!' Ill — commonly called the (iue- ii'C Act, in ike lidluwing terms, viz; — " r luniied on the sunlh by a line from the Palo des ' Chakuirs, along llie liiL;lilanils which divide the ' rivers lliat empty iheinselies into ibe river S.iiiit ;" Lawrence, from lho>e whicli l.dl into the sea, lo a " point in If) degrees of norlhern latitude, nil iheeaslerii i" hank of the river Ccumecticiil, keeping the said la- I" liliide directly wcl)l|l -, 'lilll.l I \|i;.ni I'. \l,Mi A \i'. niul i; * 111 llie C'ciiinnissiciii lo Moiilai;iie Welnint. cpquirc. a)v 1 |Hiinliii^r hini (invenior in C'liii'l' cuer the I'mvinri' of Nova Si-ntia. cl-UnI 'Jlsl .\iivenilier, ITia llie boundaries in qucs- ' tiim are Uiua dewrihcd: — I '• To tlie noriliwanl our saiil Province i-hall be bnundeil by I " the soiilluTii liniiiiilary oldur I'roviiii-e of Unebcr. ns far as j '-Ilie western extrciiiiiy'ol'llie Haie des ClinleurB ; lo llie ciist- '• ward by llie saiil bay and llie (jidi'ol' Saint Lawrence, &r., " anil to ili(! we8twiiril. aliliough our said I'rovinre bath nn- j " ciciidy extended and doili of riizbt extend, ns far as tJio ! '■ river I'entai^oet or I'eimbr^rot. it kIuiII be bounded by a lino ! '' drawn from Cape Sable across^ the eiilrancc of llie Bay of i '• Kiindy to Ibe Miuulli of ibe river Saint Croix, by din (-aid ; " river to na Koiirce and by a line drawn due norlli from thence I " lo the soutliern boundary of our colony of Uucbco.'' '/ m ■'^l■|Tmli«,^^l Al|rniliv,\ci \ir i,ci.x,N> \l:,|,.\. y\pix!nilix, \ii ApfirinliT, Xtt. ■I, 0, H, 'J niul Id. Map C. miiirco iirilio Saint Crnix river for ii dislaiici) "f iiImhii 1'Ki.J inilos, ti'riiiiiiuliti){ lit otiu iif lliu suiirci s iil' lliu Mi'lif riviT, wliicli l.ills iiilii (Ik: river Saint Luwii'iit'c. \p|iin.lij,No. 'riiis norlli lino iiilcrsiclud (lio snniliurn liiMindary "(' ■«, 'lull ;)l. Caiiiulii, im ili'liiit'il liy llm IJrilisli mivcrniniiit at iIk; ilistancu III' alxint U iniirs rniin its cnniiTKiji'i'iiiiiit ut tliu siiiirco iif lliu Saint Ctimx, and llii'ri'finf uxIuihIh ii|iwardH iif lot iiiik-v, slill finllii'r In tliii nnrtliward nl' that |iiiiiil, into llio |iri>|ii>r limits uC Caliailii n* su du- lined liy liruat Uritaiii. Tlie cx|dorMti(in mid siirvi y of iliis luiiiiiilary wi'ro pnrriirincd at lint [N'rinds licHiru inciiliiMincd, inidiT tlie JDiiit aniliiu'ily »r (ireat lirilaiii and llic; I'lnluil Slalis III' Aincrica, the jiD-isi'ssiiiiis dl' ihi; laller |in\vi'r lieiiii; liiiuiidt'd 111 |iart hy New llniiivwiek mi dn.' east, ami liy tliu liritisli Caiiadiiill puysuiisidiis uii die nunji, , The sDiilhern hniMid.iry nf the I'lMvineo nf f'anadii (iir III' (JuehL'e as it is (h'sifrnai,.,! in die deseri|iliiiii) is Iraeed in the I'lcld, nr deliiuliv idy dis|i(ised id' in its |iii- siliiHi, rniiii ihe rive,- S.iiiil i.awreiiee, easluaiilly and liiirlh-eastwarilly, In ihe iiieiidian ol'ihe weslern hiiiin- duiy (if New IJriinsW ii k. The niirth-easlerii part eflhis now sellh.'d ji iitiun ni' the Canada line was IimmI hy cnnvenliDn.d ,irran!;r'- inenls (Miieliiiled lielween Her Majes|\'s ij;iivcniiiienl iilld Ihal iifllie rr.ileil Stales in LSij. lis leiininatinn on tlie New Uniiewlelc fnmlier is al the piaei' urinlei'- seclinn of the ninth line rroiii the' Saint (,'roi\ with the river Saint .Inlin, lieiie^- ahuit o'>\ miles In the leuih of tlie |iiiinl lielined as liel'nre nieiitmneil hy (lii'iit l!ri- taiii, fjr the snutherii limit of Canaihi on that fniiilier. The territorial limit of New Hrnnswiik in liie mean time, has heen exteuili'd an far iioilh as to the Uisli- gom.he river, whieh limits the pn.'sent i^ralits and civil jiirisdieliiiMs of the ri's|ieelive I'ldvinces, mid lias heeii laeitlv assumed, wilhniil reiiiniistranec nil the part of C.inaila, as the diviilini; h mndary up In llio pri'sent leriod, alth lunh L;iviiiL; In New 15nmswick several iimilreds of llmiisands nf aeres of territory, ri!;litfnllv lielnii;>;m^ In Canada, acenrdin;;- to the hnnnds speeiii- callv assiLjned hei hi the paiciit slate, and snppm-ted in principle as such hy the ileclar.itinns and de -Is of the people and i;nveriuneiit of New Uriinswii k itself ihir- iii;; the e\isleiiee of tlie iliU'cidlies in lelalinii to more western p.irtiiuis nf tin; same hnimii.iry, which dilliciil- ties were nnlv terminated in IdlJ, hy the del'iiiitive treaty nf \Vashin;;tnn. With this preliminary view of the authorities npnn wiiich the (diiims nf the twn I'mvinces are (niindeil, and of the actual position ol the e\istin|j; siilnlivisinns lielween them, I will nnw piocced In stale ihu nature ofthoidainis for additional territory made hy the au- thorities of New t'rnnswick, ns contained in a repnri mailu hv the Coimnissioner of that Province, appointed for ilelcrminiii;^ the unsetlled hounilaries adjoiidni; ('anaila, dated al Frederieton, New Hrunswick, the IJth day nf last Dctnher. These claims heiiiir nf two classes, entirely distinct in their nature, may perhaps he hest understnnd if slated under separate heads. M.ip A. The first of these roinprelii'nds a section nf country situated entirely to the weal of the meridian nf the source of llio river Saint Croix, belore described as the western limit of New Brunsu ick. This tract as shewn on the map of the New Brun- swick Commissioner, and measured by the scale drawn on the same map, passes on its north-weslcrn border, about 10| miles from the river Saint Lawrence, at a point nearly opposite the mouth of the river du Loup, l'....vll,a).v 1' nnd appmarhcs in within ;JG miles nf the cily of (jnc- liec, Irniii which hitler place its sniitherii tcTinination is distant uhuut UT inlk's, in a south soutli-eiistern dircc- tinn, i The diinelisinns nf the lerritnrv sn cninprehclideil, accnrdiii<; to the saiiiu antlinril), are nearly as fol- Inws : — I' Length, nil prnliiniialinii nf I north line frniii llio Saint C'lnix G7 miles, I " nf linrlh-westerii i Imrihr :>75 " " nf siiuth-easlern hnr- der .'tl|> " I " nfiiiiancenlialliiie. ' lfl» " I " nf I'erliniler 513 " Superficial cmilenis d,.").')!! Mpiare miles, j " " l!,!)l,',UUt) acres. Till' alinve dcscrihed trad, it mav he reinenihcrcd, M.ip A. is situated (illiii^ilhvr In Ihe irrsl nf llio meridian of ti ihe irinlcrn line nf New liiunswick, |i The second liaci, which includes the residue of the jl claim nf New Itiuiiswii k, enniprelieiids a part nf the 'I present pnssessimis nf (Camilla, lyini; cnnliijunns to the |i prohinnalmn nf the due nnrlli hue limii the Saint Croix, , nil the West, and joining the Kisiignuchc river on the ,, snuih-east. Ij The eastern and nnrth-weslcrn honudaries nf this j tract are Imaijiuary lines, traced mi the map ahnve inentinued, heninliig at a pniut nii the Kistii,'nuclie ij river, ahniil 17 miles ahnve its niniilh, and prnceedin'j, I; llieuce, nearly on a maguelicallv nmlh cnurse, fnr a ii distance nf ahiint .JG miles, thence west waidiv and snulh- j weslwardly, ahmg ihe s.mrees nf the sireams llnwini' intn the river Saint Lawrence, tn the due iinrth line I frnin the Saint Crnis, meeliiiL; and eninciillier al that ! pnint wilh the sniith-westirii imaginary lino as herein- ; hefnre descrilied. ,( j Arcnnlini; tn the map win renn it is delineated, the ■ dimeiisinns nf this tract are nearlv as follows : — S engtli, of south-east line (l\ishi;ouclie river) " of iinaniuary east- ern line " of imaginary north- westerly line " of west line (nlonp; north line from Saint Croix) " of Perimeter uperllcial cnntents 0,") miles. UI3 " 4.3 « 207 " 2,8;!,") srpiare miles.. 1,81.1,-100 aeres. The whnio of this lies to Iho north of the Risti- gnucho liver, as hefnre slated, and is therefore claimed exclusively from the present possessions of Canada, wilhnut incluiliiiga still larger extent of territory, now actually possessed by New Brunswick to Iho south of the Rislignuche, and situated to the north of the sonllicin honnrlary of Canada, as set forth by the Al'I^n^ '^'o- authority of the British government.* "'*'' It now remains to examine the grounds brought forward in support of these claims. A reference to • It lia.i! hccn stnteil nnilcr the Ranolion of the nuthority of AppcniC > , Nu Great Uritaiii, that llie ilesiijnallon nf the Ristigouolic river ■*'»• for tlie sonlhern hoiiiiihiry of Cniiuila was " perfeetly nrbi- " Irary ami miRuppDrtei) hy any proof." this slateincnt forming part of the tir^umeiit in fuvor of ihe soutlicrn line of boundary passing Mars Hill. 1 1 i'j ,'(,:•, 1 1 in;. y.. :- 11. A; ;)'^nnx. No. 1 1 I.. l:i im-lu- tlic np|iiirl tnndu l>\ llic CutniiiiMiiniior of New Itrim- 1 lliiil in mninliiinin!; ilicin M'riiiiiriil, will , f.iilli I'mnriN ihc I'niU'il Stall's fur iiiiwuiiIn ul' hull uliinv llial no K.ili'-r.ii liiry ri'iisiMis iiic tlirri' iilli'i;i'(l nr , n |iiiil ul' iIiom- tliiinii. 'J'lie (inly imiilnil L'nuiniU ul' iii-iiniriil I'nr lliiit |iiii- 1 '|'||,. ,m.,„i,i1 ,,f i|,|.m. cinrliisiiiiis is CDn-ciiiirnt rnmi )iiisc, nmsist in till' iimiiiii( llir Nr'w llniiiswick rniiliiiiioiis!;/ .il.Mn; till' s ii's i.r sirriiiiis Cilliii.,' inlii ! , luims, will ii|i|ii'iir v\ iilinl iVuni llif slii;lili st ins|irrlii.ii till' riMT S.iiiil l,:i\vicn(T, liNiii llir 111', ,1 ul Ihr H.iic' „|- ,1,,, ^ n, ,.„ii||,aiivini; llir CMiiin.hsiouriN Uciimt ill's C'liiiU'iirslii 11 I'liilil in ■l.'iilc'Arirs nriinrlli liililiulr, i ^vlii'ic |||,, ,|,,||||,.|i, im.it „r ||„,«,.. ilninis is liiicnl on lliu t'iisl li.ii.U ul llif (.'iiiiiii'clic'til livn-, ] |,r,.iis,'|y iilmii- ih,' Iuki (Mrniiily I'liiiliinlnl Cnr liy lliu I'liiiril Sliili s, 111 its ciisicrU lrrinin;ilioii, iiml is t mi- lt is in.li'ril iijliniinl in llml Iti'i'urt, iis n imikIu- i |i,|||,,,| j-,,,,,, ||„,,„.,, |„„iir,|s (''ii|ir Ui.sirr, I'm- ;i ilistinicu SIM' iirt;iinirnl in LiMT nj ilic iinsiiiuns iiiti'iii|'tril In lie ; „|- ii[,w,irils i.f Kill iriili'S, to llii: iniiiu'iniirv lint' lirrnru siistiiiniil, lliiil liii' lioiiiiiiiiry si.ili'Miilini, " is us ni|iii- ' ,|,,„.|i|„.||, iiiiccil rroiii n piiiiil mi iln' Itislijimii he iImt, " Mr iiC licini; ilisnivni'il iiiiil niiukiil «iiM lis iiny ili'li- |;,f ,|„, ,„.,/,,,.„ |,„i,nil.irv ul' tluit purl ul' lliu claiins ul' " nilu lini' iin tliu I'.ict' ul' llu; I'liilli." t \,,vv limnswick. Altlm«(.li Hint sialrnirnt is williuut iluiilil, stiiitiy ; ^^ ^^^|| , , ^,,^^^ ,^_ ^|^^,^^. ^|^^^, ^,_^^^^, ^,^^^_^ ^^ ,^^ iriu- ,t 1.H ..l.viuiis 1 i;,t tins mill many uHht inrs ni.iy ,^.,|, ^,^ ,,,„ ,.,,,,„^^ ,,„.,.c.,Mu.nl I'lu.n lluin, nrc «l,n|lv iilso lio sinliscriiiril 111 llii'ir iliH'rtiun us til 1)1' " ciiim- ,|.c,|,,,,| , i " llir uf lii'ini; ilisi'uvrii'ii unil niiirki'il uiil," williuiit : crciilinu' llii; inl'iTi'iici' tluil all sinli hill's rrmn lliiil rir- i . ,.,,., r.Mnsiaiin.' iiluni', .irr I'litiiixl li. llir ilistiialiun uf lit- | ""' l'i!;l'l»i"i;^ in.'nliuiM'il m tl,u Q.i.'Im',- Art, :„- tuniin- l,uun.liint'.sul'ii'rr ril pusscssiuns. * ;io/ runiinuuiis l.'iw, , n ilii> |„.,nls wliirli ilir l„„„Hlary Kruni ii ccniTiil virw ul' tlii' siiliieit, it wuiilil iipjii'm lliiil iIh; NV'W Brniiswii-k Cunnuissiuin'r hail larilly liihiplril twovoiy iinruiiiiili'il ami riiuiii'uus roiiiliisiuns in nliilion In lliu iiuiihurn iHiiiiiiliiry ul' ihal I'ru- viniL' : — ilsiir is ri'ipiiii'il 111 coiiiii'i't, us il Was ruiiml that ihu iliiiilin^ litir hi'lwi'i'ii the Miiln'i's ul slriiinis lluwiim iiitii till' Saint Liiwroiirr tiliil iIium! ilisi.liaii;ili<; tlii'in- si'lvi's ill iiilirr ilirri tiuns wuiilil iiui uppruarji cithi'i' till' puiiit niriiiloiiiil in I j ilr;;ri'i's urnuitii hilitililc ur llii! Iii'iiil ul' till' Itaiu ilrs Chali'iiis, lint pussi'd nuiili uf liiiili, llir ilislaiiri' uf llii' hilli'i' piiinl hi'iiiL; iii'iirii til) Isl.— rhiit Iho iluiiiis uf \,'\v limnswi.k wcru iik'n-,' i'"''^'''- ''"'''''' '' ''* 7'l""-i"'ii'' '" '•'•ininoii M'ti's,. t„ liij Willi tliusi' fiii-ninlv Mistuini'il ui,Minst Grcil! siippus.' fur » muini'iil llialthi' fiiiim rs u( tin: .h'snipi,,,,, iiiilain hvthc L'liil.'.l StiLs. I >•'-'■' "".i,i,M»il 111" li'i" "i II"' '""Mies uf il,,' Saint I.iiwri'iM'i' wiilcrs Id ha cuntiiiiiuns thrun^'liuut this ■|i;it, hv till ' (■iinvcnii.iiiiil nuUiii' oi thu tiralv 1""'"'"" "'' '''^' '"'iii"l'iO', "^ ■■""ili »" ii|'ini"n wunlil havo iri'ut lirilaiii hail virlnullv iiilinillr'il ! i"Vulviil the M'ly .lUsiinl ami inipussihli' cundnsinii that uf A\'ijs|iin<;ltiii, (irrut firilaiii hail virlniilly iiiliniilnl | iii-r furmeri'liiinis In hi' inifciimilL'il, uml runM-ipioiilly , * It i« rcrtainly nut u litllr nirimiK ilinl tin' ( 'uiniiii^wionfr fur .\p\v Uriiiiswirk ^Iioitlil liavi' ili'i'iiifii it iicrr*r^:iry insniir/t for llir hia.l ul till' liaii' il'r. ( 'liali ur.: a- it' thai w'l'ri' iin iiii- ili'liiinl pu.-.iiiuii, anil il is siill iiirirr hurprisiitir itiai lir slunilil. ill till' t'ai't' of ivi'ry autliiiniy liavii M'li'i'ti il his •■ slartitiij '■ |ii)iiil " 111! till' Histli'uiirlic river si:vir,il iiiili'K ulinvr ii.-i iiiiiiith In till' Uiiic ill''' Cliali'urH. tlit'sc siiuni'S Wiiiilil hi' fiiunil uti thu shnro ufun arm The UKsiiniiil nortlii'rii diiirji' !« tlii'n'foriTnlin'lynrliitriiry uiiil whiillv at varliiiit'i' uith tlir ih'si nptinn ut* thi' i-astfril part ut tills liiiiiiulitr}' liiu'. Iliil tlir iiin-t I'Xtninriliiiury fi atiirc nf tliiil Hi'imrt i.< tlic . iliscrriiaiiri' wliicli ixists lii'twri n tlir ili'scnption srivrii uf tliii wolrrri huiMiil:ir\ liiu* of iNcav Uriiii>wirk. unit llir saiiir liiir as- iliaivii uii tlir t'uiiiiuisHiuiirrV iiiii|i. wliirli liiriiis a |>iu't uf ,..,,,., , , .,-. , 11"" itrawil ' It will lir shown in tlir L'riiinii ri purl mi tlir part ut I aniula ,|||. i{,,|„,|.| in ri'hiliiin 111 this siili)rT!. ilial llir muiiili ut' il.r lii.^tiL'um-lir ! ' rivrr anil till' lirili! ul'lhr Ihlir llrs ( 'llil!rllr^■ lU'r hulll litlind ill j ,|,. ,. , , .... , . , .1 . .. i» II 1 . 1- I I I .1 . 1 i lir sunt irrii Iiuiiinlarv o ( a lai a. an hrrr ri'iiiri-rntrd thr uv.ii 11 )al luuMr. iiliiiiil ]i nulls lirlmv that a«-iiiiiril I i i • i • i .'i ■ .- i , ',i , . . ■ . .) .1 . .1 ■ 1 .1 i» ■ I < >i I am r-laimril, wi rawii u 1 1 ,r map /7/A',v/Hi iw i/i;/(.i/'»/Ar ;mvY//. •• s Mr 11'.' 11(1111 ,' hat I as rivrr an ir I air i I's ( ha riirs, ..., ,| , ...i , ' ', ... ,, . '""'"■ ,■ ! ■ .1 ■ r .• .■ II . .1 u ir iKirt a ill rm 11 t ir wrslrni llir iiMNl'W I rilliswir i. till! •r-prr ivrv. I'r iilli llir ihsliiiclnr iiaim s am r iiir:ic rrs H i .. . ■ , . i . .i .i . .i ' ' '" '"" lui- tlir'plarr.,|-ll,rirrnni,iioiij„i„-ti,„ia,l.a!huiMr.aii,li,..warr. I^' "'r !■■ mi' t.-r,iiii:iitr,l. tu lir I'mtl, at he tnir puait ul itn ai'.l'si the ilisi-uvrrv .'flhi'.cmiiiirv rvi r liiivr 1 ,i. m, "":''f''""" ".'"', I^^', 1'"''' "' ' '.';.^"" I"''''.' 1'"^' "I '"'""'■' V:.;. A. I'll I'MKi irt tl|iJllimlr\ cvrr Inivr Iirrn. st )ci!\n t!n'.-p riMi--i;i.-iinL' (li.-linct ' n«,''ht.: (iroMc nr (111' olIiiT ul'thi I'niviMi'Cf^. Tlif t 'nnirnissidncr tr'H's nil ill till- h^aiiK* liijiorl to ntah' llial the linuTidary Mri'' Ironi llu' "stariiiiL' point'' H(It'rt''il !iv liiiii. "tvnvhl nni tihuvt '■ mitli " to thf hiir|ii;i!Mis (IiH-rilM-il in tin" (iia-lMc Act. lui). why it shoiilil run •• almiit norih *' in prt'l'cri'iuM* to any otiirr (lircrliuii. rrtnair.s to he ascntaincil. Tt cniiT;!)! he run rni that conrst' from any siippi).~)'«l rcI;ition il nii;riit iIh'M po- ■!< .--^ with rr-^pi'i-t to ihr '.n-nria! din-ction of till' n iptin il hoiiiiiliuy. a> iha' is iniirly •oit'lh-iris/. approacli- iiii; loan *-y)/**w//(' cniirso trom that of thn < 'oainiissioncr ; nt-itluT can it hi* po trarcil itii tho furore ot'proyiniify to the liar of hi'j"h!ani|s now rlaiincd l>y Nt w Unia.-wick. a^^ tho>-r lii^rlilaiiils art' lo'aiil h>-; rciaolt' iVoni ill'* ahovc '■ slartiiM/ ••point" in varicnv ntlar din'rtioiis nion- roiiliirniahli' to tin' courst'of tlip hoiiml'iry. I.a^ily. a line rannol he ran Ironi tliis ^'xtartiii'S piiiut. alioai north" ami at thi' same tiijif follow aioiiL' any hijrlihinds liKi- ihu-c ihsrrihnl in thr Uiichcr Art. a-:sinli a line wonlil only pa.--- amoii'j' Pln-anis raliing into the I'i^li- irouclii; river anil Uuio dusChaleiirs. Apiiemi * A|t n>l \ W»;.A. whiili wasmilnl hy thr treaty uf Wii'-hiiiL'tun. It mii.'iil iiatiirilly have lirrii suppu'-nl. in nihiptinir a murr Amfnill.T Ni. rriiiulr |)(..-iii(ai liir llir mirthrrii limit ul' Ni w I'rimswirk, that -j. '' ' the ('umiiii.siiii.rr wuiiM have scrii thr mcrssity uf also rxlvililill|,y tlir wrslrni liur lit' thr I'ruvilii'r tu thr siiiiir puilit, fur !.'•» iiii,' fuiiir rohir uf riiiisislrnrj tu that r.xlrmlrd rliiini, Imt, huwrvrr straiii^u It iiui}" srriii, hiirli ilrrs i;ul apprar tii liiwe brrn the result. Thr wrstrrn liuiimlary liur, allliuuHi ilrsciihrd hy the ('ummissiipiKT in llir siinir lirpurt as rMriidiiiL' un a iliii! iiuitli rmir-ic tn llu- mntlhini Ihii'ikIiiiij (;/' ('(iihkIii. is iirvrr- Ihrlrss trrmiiialc d 117 niiirs hrlnrr it r'nu'-lirs thai limii. as he lias srrii til tu drliur it. and it is iliruiKjIi thr I'l;/; lilt liy thin uiiiissiiai that the prrti n. iuiis ul'Ai w llnmswiili iirr imidr to rxtriid suiuh-wotrrly I'or a inraii disiaiirr uf ahuiit |s|i miles, furminj; thr must luiisidi ralilr part iifher presrm riaims. The omfsBinn. on thr \i'\v nmnswirk ninp. of llint portion nf thr (Inr north Miir, whrtlirr arridrntal or de^it'iiril. is how- rvrr uf v( ry liillr iiiipurlaiirr. as iiu rlaimuf riglil ran pussildy hr Bii^iaiiir.l lai the part ul'.Nrw Hr.iiiswirk, tu any trrrilurira wlial.--urvrr tu llir wi st uf her drliiiril wrslrni hui'indary, that huundary I'luiu llir rxpliiii iialnrr ut'tlir trriiis in wliirli it is so ddiiicd. hriiii.' in.srparahly ruiiurrird with llir soutlirrn lino uf raiiaila.whrn'vrr the lattrrimiv he nlnreil 3 M..|,.V. Vav IS Art plnreil in virtue ot'the. itliurity 1)1' the lloyal I'loclniualion of \Wi. ur llie Uuebcc [•'] A|>|icji'lis, ■ A\f ricli\, Uil^A. A]ijTn'>irii{ili(iiis III' llii.t liiiuiiil.ii V, iiiiisl lliiTrliMi! Ill' nrri:i;iili/ iMriM mily llii' liiiiMIr |i,ii't nl' till' >;ili|i', nil I llll' |Misiiiniis III' ilii^ Iwii rxIn'Mii's, rruin llmsr lii'^lil,iiiiKli'''n' iri|iiln il |iiiinl ill IJili'nii't'.MiriiDrlli I ilihiili' nil iImi viiilii-Wi'sl, iilhj rinin llii.' .■«ilili' llii;liLiliil.s I1.1 till.' Iii'ail nl'lliii lliiii: ili'-> ('ii.iii'iirs on llii' linrlli-iuisl, li.ivi: III III' ili'iliiii'il rniiii a t'liiiliiiii'ij mill iliii' I'liiiMiliT- nliiMi u( llll! Inr.il rt'.iliiir> III' lliu ('iniii(r\, uiiil lliu t'Viiii'iit iiiU'iit III' lliL' iliM riiilmii ilsclC. •N'o. Il li:is I. hi;,' iii'|iii>ii' iiy lliii Miilivli t'iViMiuiii'iit, lliiit a rnarlii'il iiiiil wrll Hrlili:'!! raiiv;!^ "I liinlll.iiiils, rxlilnlinj; I'liiiii lliiisi' iiMirc liaiiinilarly ildiiii'il, in Mm ili'sriiiitjniis, lli'ni | ('\lri'iiiily, Mills ('ii:ii|>li.'liiii{ Mm riillrr Inn.' I'rnin Mir i Halt' ill's ('lialc'iirii tn lliu piiialli.! nf Ij : nf nnitli ^ Intitiiilu. li Tliis liiii", rnnrinnri! In till' pisiliiin so i!ssii;ni'il jl liv [ li.'pi'aji'il arl> a Mil ili'i'liiraliniis uinli'r llir aiilliniily iifllii' ' L'niljil Kiii<;il>iiii, i.s slirwii nil Mil' niap arriiinpanyin of the Cnn- liccticnt river, nnrtli-eastwiirdly, fur a distanre of up- wards of 100 miles ill tliu reipiircd direction, am j teriiiiiMli' Di'iir tlie sniiree nf tlie Mi'tucrnirlle riiiT, np ,',1, ,.'nili\ ,.'>( j In wlinli pmiit Mil.' ai In. illy .'xisinn; .sfova Scntin, viz : — that angle which is •!'-• " formed by n line drawn due north from the sourctj " of the Saint Croix river to the highlands ; along the " said highlands which divide those rivers that empty " themselves into the river Saint Lawrence from tlio.sc " which fall into the Atlantic ocean lo the nortli- " westernmo.st head of Conncclicnt river, thence down " along the middle of that river to the 45th degree of north " latitude, east by a line to be drawn along the middle No. ['M " of ilm river Sniiit Cniix, fiom il» immili in ilu' M.i) " iif Fuiiclv In in miiirrii ; mul frmii il» wninn iliri'illy ' " iKirlli 111 lliu iil.iriM.iiti iii(tlilHn(l», wliidi iliviilii Ilu- " nwrs llml lill i"l'i 'li'' Allaiilii; (himii Iroiii llnxu " wliitli fall inl.p liiu rntr S.mil l-awnnci." On romimriiii; llio liinKHiiKP "f llio fonmiinK (ici"- ni|ilic)ii!. Willi llhil hc1.i|i1.mI III ilrrmiiiK lln' iMaiiiilariis 111 ('aii.iilaaiiil Niw lliiiliNWirk (lli" lalln llicii runiiiii.j; [lart III' Niiva Smlia,) lliu iMlUiwiiig roiii liiinni" liimim; lll'lU••ll^llallly ot lili'lit. l»t.— Tluii ilic ciiMiTii line iif 111" Ameridin luMinilary, as M'l lorlh in llai Iri.ilV nf \'^-\ i» iili'iilii ally llir (.'line Willi llic wi'^liiii lioiiiiilary nl'N'i'W lliunswick, from il» riiiiiiui'iifi'nic'iit al llir iimiiili inii!;irily nf lan'jiiaijc in lln' iIi'M'iiplinns will nl ilsc'lf >li.i\v lliat tlir Anii'iitaii and C.in.iiliaii ImnnilaniN ! won) Ilm nainu iV.mi llio MUiri rs n| llii' Cnnnuclinil riKT 1.1 ilii) wvsltrn linu of Nnva Sioli.i, ami lln' ilrliiiilliin i^ivi'ii in lln; IiimIv nf iIil> iminl nf iiii.TM'i linn , uf ill'' I .islrrn iimi iMillifin lini-> nf ilio Aincnciin ij iL'rnliii*, '1* I'l'inu, " "" nt)illi-nlii/ni;;a iiail of iliu cnnlinnnns iMiiml.iry «( C'anaila, ami llic nnilli-wi'>l .m-lr nl Nnva j Sriilia, limsl nf niuiSL' liavc liccn furiiicil I'V llic inUT- , sfclinii uf lior noiiliLTii ami wchUiii ImamlariL's. j Fintii a run^iiliTalinn uf llirse fcalmcs nf 'In' i ii'-e, il liei- u, siill innri; i viilmt lliat Nuw I'nniswid ran ' iiiainlain m> claims I'nr lortilnry In llio west nf a nnrlli liiu' liuni llii-' Miniio nf lln' riviT Sainl ('mix, and llial the ilL-lormiiiaiinn nf lIu' snnllicrii liuiimKiry nf Canada, from till' wust np I > lli<-' nurlli-wcsl ,iii;lu nf \cw lirutl^wilk,alsn (lil.'iiiilncs iln,' pnsiiiun uf il,c icsidni: uf lii.il li.iniidan , and uunMiiin nlly, nf lliu wlmlu uf lliu nnrlhuni Imniulary nf Nuw liriin>witk. Tlie ])nin; at wliii li llic soulliurn linu nf ("annda nieuls lliu wuilurn llliu uf .\uw l!rnn>wiuk, and i msu- (|nunlly fuinis iliu iiurlli-wusl iini;lu nf lliu lallur, In- truilirr' Willi lliu pnsilinn ul' lliu ('.in.iila Imundaiy m ilic wusl uf llial piiiiil, aru tlms laid duwn uii lliu piirt nf Groal lirilaiii, in lliu lirsl slaluniulil laid liufuii; lliu Kili;j,' of tlie Nulliuildiids, viz : — A|v I :>, in. 'H.!ii,No. ^, II anJ A|i|i iiJix,X.>, Tliu iil'-nlity of tlii^ river Saint Cmix wn:) rnrnicrly a sulin'i'l 111' ililluniicu in ll.u rasu nladvurfu lurrilniial el liiiw lieUvui'ii Ihu l'ri)\vii> nl'KiMiin' ami lirral I'.rilaiii. thu lalln- (■(iiilumliiiL' 111 il lliu ruiila!.'
    rircninslam |. llial niily a part uf ilio liuiiiiilary nf Canada, as orii;iiiall\ duv rihud, w>i> in- uhnlud III lliu dux liplluii nf lliu liu.ily nf I'M,), Il lia-i alruady liuun sliuwn llml il was iml pn«sildu I'nr raucn I mul ^. (01,1/ linu In liu Inn I'd I'lniii lliu liuail uf ihe ll.iiu duH Clialuiirs, iiniiiudialuly aluiu.^ ihu iu^.;iniis nf ihu sniKres nf slruuiiiN falliiii.^ inin lliu Sainl l.awiuiicu, lull it i* (|Uili' puNMlile fur II linu In uxlund cunlin'.inuslv, iilnii;; siirli suinruN, fruiii u p( that line, up In lliu llUu nf llie suilicus nf lliu Saint Liiwreiicu wiilir*, an I'ar ii» lliu Cnniiei'iiuni river, * 'I'liu priinilivu »iihdi\i^ii.ii of New llriiiiswi.'li into niiiiilien Apwiidii No. was , III I h'll in Ihu year i;^'i. I.y llii' aiiilnaily of llnjal Let. Kb .uul •:«,' \rVH i'aleiil iii.dur llie tirial Seal nf llml l'ni> iiiVu. An'oiilin({ til thill fuhiii'. isiiin the only eoiinlii h. ai'Imilly loiirliiiii; Ihu iiiirilieni limits III thu I'rosiiiru wi ru thn-e of iXnrlliiiiiilierliiiiil ami V"-li. till' biiiaulaiius of w liirli in ihu I.ullers Ian .it iveru lliiii- diKuribuil, le^|•elllvl'ly, vi'/. : — S'lilhitiiilirrhliiil,— '- rinnndui! mntlierly by the i-oiinty of Wesliiiorulaml. iiifliilij liij tlir i:iill i;/ Siiiiil l.iiirri iin uiiil lilt lliiir ilin Cliiilr'nM : iKiillii ill/ III) llii ftuil l!((ii mill Ihe yiil'lili t II hull Uf lit I'll "J till- I'ti'l iin'v i I Hih hn\ and westurlv by a I'liiiiiiaialiiiii of iliu wusiurn buiuiilaiy linu of tlie ^aal i-uiinty nf Wei.lmiii'i land.'' >'i)i'/f.—" Hounded on the Foiilli-wesl by riiailollu eiainty, on Ihu niirlh-uasl by lliu emu ty nf .Ni.iili'iinihi'rlard ; ini Ihe ii'iilli-ifx: l.ijlhi I'n.riiii-i III (i'ltilnr. iiml on Ihu Miiilh-ea.Jl liy Ihu nnrlli liiniiiilary liiirnf the lll»ll^hipllf .Mannei ville, and by Ihe .-aid line riiiiliii'ind lu lliu nonlMvi si ijlj iinii elsthe westrrii bouail.^ Iif iMni-ilimaberland eoiiiily. and sniilli wft to the ia.sleni hinaiilai') uf llie eoiailv oft li.'irloiie.'' 'I'lie rifrreiu'i a iiiiitaiiiuil ill lliu fnri.L'iiiiiL' iluBeripliiiiis. lo IhiiBi' [iiirlM of Ilm s'lulhini l.iiiiiiiliirv of Canada, wliii'h liiriii llie iii/rllierii limit of .New IJniiiswu'li are biiflilj iinpnrlani, from llie ii^'ht they tlir.iw on till' (lueslions now under eoiuidi'ration in rei,(ieel lo llie fame biaiiiilary. Il will 111 siiii from thence that the county of .Nnrtliumbcr- laad wasbiaiiuleil frfl iiieltrlii uml Ihi ,i vi'lhi ihi\,\ Ibellaie ill s (.'liulinrs. anil theiire that the risidiiu of ilir' luulhirii hoiiiiilary was fnniied by the .mhiiIi line of iln' I'rnsincuof (luebui'. This ciiiintylhen iliil v t i.ih ml Inlhi iwiih nfihi lliiicdfs ( hiilii'itt. as that \\iMiid have ransed iih inslini luuindary to have liein furmed in part by llie wiftnii line of th,. IVovincu of (liielin., As it is thus roiisliliiii.d ihat the boiimlary of Caiiada i-iiiii,i,l uMuiiil iii,illiiilij fi'oin tlie l!aie ihs CbaleiirK ; ! Ihe next slip is In iisi-iTlaiii. if po'ssibh'. from the Kinie autborilv, the din iiion in wbicli the same niusl be traced. Ample and ninsl ronrhisive anllmriiy rordui-iilinir |b|B (-lucR- tinii is fiiiiiid ill Ihuileri'riplion of the riiunly nf '^'ork. (In re- firinu In Ihal disi-riplion it will be seen Ibai the coiinly of York was boimdud i.ii Ihe iiviili-irml by the rniviiire ofduebec; I from whenre follows Ihe unavoidabh' inference tlmttbe roiit'er- I miniiUB limit ol ibe I'rovince of diiehee. inusl liuvc cMcndeU I ill a soiithweslern and iiorlh-eai,lern liircctioii. Thu above duscripiions were, of course, intemled lo be pubordiimte lo the delinilinn of the frenernl liniltK of the Pro- vince, m lliose limiiR had b. en fixed In 1763. niul the evidence tliey alford is therefore parlu-ularly vahiiible from the fact that It fully explains Ihu iaturpretalion then given to Ihe lani;unKe oflhe Quebec Act in Inlurcolonial relalionp, mid ehewe that this inlerprctnlion is the same with that claimed on Ihe part of Great Briialn in relation to ii foreign glate. ^Ilp(>nlli 13. A iiik'ad M. Mai, -^ PlifCIl 17 ApiK'n III .M.11. I [7] A||.ll.lil,N,.. rni-i' I mill y. Appiiiili»,N(. •-'>' .Hill ill. I nnd ll iiinil Im inliiiilli'il llint \\w l,iii';u.ii(i' nf llin Iri'niy, ifliiki-ii liy ilvir, Will I ri'Ccrriiii' lo oilior iiiiilMirllv, wmild III li'iiHt wiirriiiil iln' |iri'»iiiii|ilinii tlmt micli n il.uin iiii)(lil nut Ihivo liiuii wlmlly iiiil'iniiiili il. Bui n» llitiro wcri', in lln< •iiinn trriity, diri'd rclV'ri'n- con iiiiiiln III iilri'iiilv I'liriiililiili'il iiiul ri'rii);nixi'il niiIhIi- viniiiiK III' till! iiilj.iriiiil MiiIinIi |iii>i>>i'««i>t 'h< I.iKi'Ii ililii riMiiili'liilliili I'lilijiiihll) Willi llio iloM'i'i|itiiiiiN of tlii.'iii ){i\iii ill lliu tri'iily. -^ In iiilo|itini; llin liillcr view nl llic i|iii'sliiiii, il i» I'vi- ijl''""" ' lli'lil lli.il (iri'iit Milium "lily rliiininl iii riiiiliiii( In llir olniiiils iiiti'iil r llii- lii'iilv ilM'ir, lis llii' liilii;iiimir III tlilit iliii iiiiii'iU IS ii|i|iliriililu III llir liiiiliiiliiry ili'MTiliril in till' IJiii'iir Act mill cliiiiiiiil liy tiical Itriliiiii, iil- tliiMii;li iiiliiiiiliii^' III' II iiiiiri.' I' \ trill In I niiiiilnirtiiin wliuti I'lintiiliMi'il liiu riiili'd Slates, nnd iirniiliils iil'Mi|i|iiirt fur eaeli Wiie riuiiul in llii; treaH 111" I7H,), lis liel.ini iiii'iiliiiiird, as it was (■iiiislnied tillicr Willi or willimit rid.ilioii In olliiir iIdiuiiii.iiIs. of ITi.J, ran liv any inriienn', lie dn incd loexleiid to iitliLir I'aris III' iliu liiiiilii iKsigni'il liy Uri'iil llrilHin tu livr loloiinii. The iiiirllierii lino of New Uriiimwii k is tlierefuro to III) eslddislieil Miii|i|y as heinn {lart of llie soiillirni liiiiindai'N of llin I'rnviiue o'' (jiielu r in ronlinu; In lliu lerritorial IiiiiiIh nf lliat I'rotiiiie as declared liy lliu iiii|ii'riiil i{ii\eiiiiiieiit III nii.l, and more •|ii.'ciiilty ilu> lined in llin (^leliee Art of I'lTi. 'l>.-iiili\-, No. liotli i;iiveriilneiit» lliiis iiersislinij in llie jiislli'i! ofi llieir rijs|H;iti\ii tdailiis, and every alleiii|il in endeavor- 1| iiii; III eoiiii' til a ennimnn iiiiderslaiidjii; on llie sulijerl :' liaviim toin|ili'lely failed, it was lin ilnnlit linlli wise, mill e\|iodieiU In ailnjil a ciiiiventiniiiil line nf Imnndary lietweell llieir respei TiM! (inssrssinii';, as was liiially ilniie in llie yi .ir \H\l, liy llie deiinilive treaty nf Wasliiiii^lnil. iji A. Hy tills treaty a eonsideralile (isleiit nf leriilnry ii" liiijlied liv (ire.it I! ilaill In llie I'l'ovlliee nf (^iieljee, was i: ■•r^ li'i .111.1 linw iraiislerred to llii! riiiled Stales, liiil no {lart or IHircLd of any lerrilnry wlialever, luie,' wiiliin tlie |i.i.s- silile liiiiils nf N'l'W llniiisu ilk. Was ( lian^cd nr alfi-'el- : cd liv tlial disiinsitinn of llie lioiiiid.iry, A|i|i...nili!i,Nii. Till- western li ninil.irv nf New lirimswiek, llioiit '"■ fnrnierlv a sillijeet of dilferenee lielween (Sre.il lirilaill I; nnd llie I'liileii Slates, had lioen previmisly .sellled hy ' the nnlhnrilv nf the two ij.uenimeMls, iis |in^iiinn hein^ . nierelv (•nnliiiiied hv the Iroiity nf Washiniilnn, and llie | territorv eonvi veil In the United Slates In that Ileal) ', was liiiiinded on the east liy n (^nniiniiation of the same ' north line, fioin llie Saint Croix river, whiili actually forms tlio westerly limit i>f New llruiiswick. MapB. Il lias thus lieeii shewn that the Ameriraii elaiin i ticrivoil ils su|)|inrl fmiii the cirnimslancc that only that jiartof the southern liminilary of Canada, whirli Inrined [ the northern lin, it nf the Icrritory then assiirned In the United States, was de.scri'n' in the treaty of 1783. It f lins also been shewn tlii ' llio lanijtini'o of the treaty, when taken hy itself, adniitled of an iiiter|iretation fa- ' voralilc to the American claims, but which, ncveithe- ii less, WIS wholly Irrcconcileablo willi Iho jirevious ij descrip 1- osof the entire boundaries direrlly referred to in tliH same trenty, as identical will) thoso therein set forth and described. Ill mill liiiliii'4 ihis slalemetil, ii may perliaps bu well III lilielly rer.ipiliilali' the liMiliii^ I'l iilnres nf the |'uinll \Ju> Il have been brolljjlit nudir conslderiilion. The treaty of 178.) was the in I of IWn p.ilies, and tlio sense in wliii li either parly iiiideiNlnnd it did imt liiiiil the nihil ll the leriiis were in ihiiiiselves ilniibHiil. Tlie\ 1 nti'ii llierefnre aune Mif.seipielillv to a cniii- prnmiM', wilhiiut ils lieinu lieress.iry that cither kIiiiiiIiI arkiinwled^ii ils iiilirprelalioii to have been ini'nriirt. ll eaiiiint iherefnie he inferred from tlid Aipcniln, iVi, treiil\ of ISIJ that llie :;m i riiineiil of (ire.it Itnlaiii "L recedes in llliv Wai' I'miii ils ilili i ineliilinll nf ihal of I7SJ. But the I'rorlamiitinii fixinj; the boundaries of the I'lo- viliee nf (Jiiebec (Caiuiilil,) W.IS tliii act nf lliu Urilisli t'nvirnineiit alnne, and the sense whii h it Miliseipieiilly put npnii the e\piessinns in llie treaty of nn.Jniiist he held tube that in which it used si- milar lApiessinns ill the said I'inelaiiialinn ; liinrc i.s- pt'cially will 11 till.' sense is cui sislent ; and the ntilv one that is cniisisleiil with its siiliseoiu III acts. Now, i ,. ,1 • c .1 I i' .• »i 1. 'ipi»'ndii..>.'. tins sense lixes llie nnrlli-west allele nl NnVii Srnliaijf. (and eniiseipieiillv of Niv Itiuiisw iek, whiih W.IS ciilirely f irmeil oiil of a |inrlinii nf Nnva Senlia) in pju, | c,,,.. the ratline of hii;hl,inds of which Mais llill fnrins |iiirl, and at or near said llill. The liii,'lihitids alori; which llin sniilliem hniindnry of the I'rnvinee nf (}ui bee, as deseribeil ill the Procla- mation of 17n.!, and the (JueliiM.' .Act, must pass, tn R'acli the wrslern evlieiiiily of the IS. lie ihs Clia- leurs can be no niher than llinse drawn on the map ns nmniiij,' fioiii the smd Ibiy to Mars llill ami fnrin- Mjp a. iin; par! of the s.ir.ie rid;.;e wliii h afterwards coiisti- liiles the Imundaiy as claiiiiiil by (ileal Hrilain, between Caiiadu and the United Stales. It is qnlle siiflicient to conslitute this ridge tho trilo boundary, iis understood by the liritish government, thai il nIioiiIiI bo nearly conlinunus, and that, at somo point, il should separate the waters which llnw i.ito the Saint Lawrence frnm those which fall into the sea, which fir all purpn.scs in which the intention of the ijoveriiment of (Jreal Hrilain is alone in ijues- lioii, must bo intcr|ireleil as that government has in- terpreted it, to mean the atlaiilic ocean, nr the sea, south of Iho nioiilli nf the Saint Croix. It is not ru- . tpiis'', that the ridgu khoiild he alwidulely unbroken, or thai at rrrrij point it slmuld have waters running otrinin the Saint Lawrence on one side, and into the sea on the other. The boundary claimed by New Brunswick would com- t,inn.\. meiice by running 50 or GO mjles, fiom near the head of the Baie d..'s Chalours, across n ridgo nnd along a level country, to another ridgo which the govern- ment of Great Bntnin has declared not to be the Appendii.Nu. liighbinds it intended in the treaty, and consequently ■•'■•• in its oilier acts. Theseconsidcrntions, it is presumed, arc sufllcicnt, tor In none of (Iio descriptions of Nova Scotin or New proving conclusively that noneo'" the doubts supposed | Brunswick, contained in Iho oflicial acts of the Bri- to exist respecting the proper coi strdction of the treaty ] tish government, is either of them described as being C«] bounded on tlio cant '.y nny piirt of llip Prnvincc of ; (Jlll'licr, VI t lIllS Mlllsl IlilVC Iri'L'll till' CllSC ll' (III' lllll! I rhiiiiii'd liv Xi^w Uriiiiswick iis ruiiiiiii'^ " hImhiI i iiorlli " Iroiii ticiir lint liiiiil "f lln: Hniv dfs L'lia- ' leiirs, liiid liei'ii iiiU'lidLd as llic Iruc niu'. i 111 nolle of llio s.ii,' il"srri|iliiiiis is .\ov:i Srolia or \i'\v JJriiiiswicI; iIi'mtiIkmI us Ih'iml; lioiimlcd liy lln^ Icrri- toriL'S IlilW llrloll.^ill!^ lo tin: I'lHll'll Si. ill's, CMTIll alniiL; till' dill' lioilli lino IVoIll till! soiirci' ol' llir Saint C'ioi\ Id till" liinliliiiids ; wlu'inis, iltlio Iumiii- ilarv now claiiiMd In .New llriniswirk ".cri' that iiniirrs'iiod in tlir said (lrscii|ilioi.s, il would lie i lionndril liv the IJnili'd Sl.ilus on lliu SDlltll anil soulli-oasl for alioiit JOl) inili's. In tin.' lirsl Art of tlii> t,i'L;islalnri! of Xi'w Urnnswirk, jiasseil in n.Sd, anil in llio Uoyal l.illi'is I'atrni under tin: (!rrat Seal of Unit I'rorincr. eiliil in llial Art, two eiunilies only ( Norlliiiinlierland aii'i Vork ), aie ilescriheil as IicIiil; l:onnileil in any pan liy tin' Ai ulij.NV. Province of (ineliee, yet iicitlier of lliciii • re ilis- •::■ .'.lij •■!«. crilied as liciiii; liouniltil on tlie sonili liy tin; I niled States, li'.it on tlio omlrary, liuili are ilcsi-iilied as lieini; lnMiniled soiillierly liy other imrtions of New i liraiiswiek, nor is any part of Noilliiinilierlaiid ile>- triheil as lieins; hoiiiideil on the f((.s( or mirlli-til.il : liv llii.' I'rovinee of (iiieliee, as it must lia\e heeii if it liad lieen intended to extend north of the head of ■ the I5aie lies Clialeiirj. All liie said deseriplions are, on the contrary, perfectly consislent with the interpretation ^'iveii tiy (ireal Jkilaiii to the treaty of 17S3 ; Canada conteiiils that Great liritain was in perfect sood faith in that in- , tcrprelation, and that all her acts, and tnorc cspe- 1 riallv the lioiindaries she lias assij;neil to lier own i Provinces, have lieon, and are, perfectly eonsistem :' vitli that inter[Hetalioli. I, The claim of New lirunswidc supposes CJreat Britain j til have heen in had faith in that interpretation and I to have assiijneil one nieiininii; to cerl.iin terms in her i nru'i.'ment with the United States, and another J meanini; lo the same terms in the Proelamation and; (Ir)cumenls fixing the boundaries between her colo- nies. ijnil. — That the pnsitioii nssiuned lo llin siniiliern lioiin- lUiry of the Province of (^iieliec, and northern liitiin- (hity of NevvMninswick, by the iiniierial government, ill ]'(iA anil 1771, can be fully iiscerlained from llie lan^nage of the descriptions iheieof then given, iiiiil thai any ilonlits wliieli may have k'en iillegeil (o exist resjiecling the proper construction of tliobU di'Mriplions, are wholly superseded and set at rest by the express di linitions of the same, given under the anihorilv of the imperial governmenl, sncli authority being as decisive in di'llning us in tirsl (lechiiiiig thy limits ol colonial dependencies. Old. — That New Hrnnswick can derive no claim for ailditioiial ten itories beyond those lirst assigned her ill I7(!.!, bv virtue of any proceeiliiii;s which liavir since taken place between lireal Hrilain and tlio I niteil Stales of .\merica, as llie latter powe, cl. lim- ed under a trealy only iilb'clliig the soiillieri. boun- dary of Canada, entirely to the west of New Hri.iis- wiik, and conseipienlly, any ili 1'^"' '• wick, is comprised in llie ddlowing literal extract from Ills report, dated 13tli October, 18-13, viz : — " It was therefore my objecl to discover what point " constituted the U'pslern e.vtr ■■■lit';, :ind I was glad " to find that nature has so s': ngly marked the .spot, " as, in my bumble opinion, io l<.,.ve no opening for " discussion or dilTicuIly." " It is situated at liigli water mark n little lo the " eastward of Mission Point, on the north side of the " Bale des Chaleurs, about a mile above Cam(ibcll- " town, whidi is on the south side of the same Bay." T [0] Ainioiiilii, Ni 11. Map I), The correctni'SN of ilils Inttcr stiitcmont, in nil its !' true Hiiiu lics Cliaicurs, nt or nenr Oalli. This grant was expressly defined as extending along theIiiiili,a:ouchc river, and, as may l)e seen hy reference to map IS, it includes within its limits the point des- rrilied hy Mr. Huitlic as being on the north side and at the western extremity of the Uaio des Chaleurs. The territory comprehended in the grant to the Sieiir d' Kneau was held en Seif^neiirie in virtue of the title of l(ji)l, until the year 17^7, when it was acquired New liriiiiswick, relating to the Uistigoiu lie, which ex- tend hack lothe remote period embraced hy those before cited from the ollicial records of Canada. There are, however, very many ollicial documeiils referring to the Kistigouche river, among llie public records of New Hruiiswick, which have accumulaled since that I'rovince extended its grunts and possession to the Kistigouche, The concurrent testimony derived from those docu- ments is perfectly conclusive in defining the exact positions of the western e.rtrcniiti/ of the IJaie des Cha- leurs, and the mouth or cr.'rance of the Kisligoucho river, alfordirig an unqualified coiuradiclion to Mr. Mnillie's statements, — that Caniphelltown is .situated on the soutii side of the Baie des Chaleurs, and that the spot he had selected on the opposite shore for a " start- ing point" for the C inada and New Brunswick lioiin- daiy line, about n mile above Camphelltown, is on the north side and tvcstern end of the same Bay. Ai»iicndix,No. The first of the documents to which reference is Aif.nJii.Xo. now made is an instrument under the authority of New '"^^ Brunswick, dated 8lli January, \iiO-2, containing un original grant to Suinucl Lee, esquire, of the land M.n;i F. which includes Qwiii/im's Point, where (Jamplielltowii is situated. The tract so granted was distinguished as forming lots Nos. 15 anil 10, and was .specially des- crihc'd as being situated " on the soulherlif side oj JiislifiOHche river," and the front, from its western limit, was defined as extending along the soulhcrli/ hy the Crown, under the Koyal droit de retruit, and | hank or shore of the Kistigouche river, " following nnie'xed lo the .lomaios of the Crown in the I'rovince j jts several courses down slream, to the entrance of of Quebec, now Canada. f Walkei's Brook." 'i'lie latter stream is also described j as dischaigiiiir "into liisligmiche /•icw aforesaid, ahout In the following year (1788) John Collins, esquir", ; fif(v chains of four poles each, south-easterly from <^i(i'«- Depulv Surveyor General for tlie I'rovince of {Jiiebec, tori's Foiid." surveved a tract along the llistigouclie river for the I Another grant was, in like manner, made by the ApiicivJij.No. government of New Brunswick to Adam (ieranl, Junr., '■'■ and sundry other persons, dated the 3rd June, ISIU. This tract was likewise described as extending along Messrs. Maiiii, in obedience to an order in Council i the Province of (iueliec, of the 8th May, 1788. The ! south-eastern angle of this ifact was placed on the noilh 1 side of the Kistigouche river, at Ihii point which had previously formed tlin same relative angle of the former l| t|,e nouth side of the Ristiifouclie river, and embraced Ma,. F. AppcnJii, No, y Prrccdiii;: (f Klftli'Kicnt, \t'!r * Nolo, iMgc 1. I Seigniorv of Cloridon, and the tract was described as " situated on the north side of the river Kistigouche," and extending upwards for three miles, measured in a straight line from the south-eastern angle thereof. Shortly after thi; date of the above survey and des- cription, in the same year, the govcrnmi-nt of Quebec ; made a grant in i'luf anil seigniory to John Shoolhred, esquire, wiiich is .\^scribed generally in the Letters Pa- tent grunting the same, as follows, viz : — " Also a certain other tract of land situate on tlie " \veste4nm0st extremity of CArt/encs /?ai/, running up " the river lli.'ttigcuche ahout 1.5 miles to the first point " of land below Battery Point." The tract ol land mentioned in this grant, as well as that described in the survey for 'he grant to tlie Mes.srs. Mann, are still described, and daily referred to, as bo;: cume))t being originally signed hy Geo. Sproule, formerly Sur- veyor General of New Brunswick, and attested bv the signature of the present incumbent, the Honorable Thomas Baillie. This plan, although exceedingly defective, — being without date as to the time of its original cumpilaliuii, or the period when the copy now in hand was made, [10] 23. Ap;it'iiilix, No. or icrlilied, togcllicr with tlie total omission of llio iiimcul' llii- llisiii;inil the mveidl " cniirsis of the licsti^uucliv rirci; v/i stranii, to " he middle of the inovith of Walker's Brook, or Fer- '• "iisoii's Mill stream, so called." Tho northern limit of tlio next tnsuini; parish of Addiiigloii is also therein destrihed as follows, viz : — " Cumn-.cncinj; at the middle of Walker's Mrook or " Feroiison's Mill stream, in the western houiidnry of " the parish ot Dalhousie, thence folluwin^ the several " courais of the lUstigouche river, tiji Ktreain, to " the ndddle of the mouth ol the Upsahiuilch ri\er." The comhined evidence, contained in the foregoing aulhorilies, is so per'cdly conclusive and coiidennnatory ol Mr. Uaillie's stat^.'nient, concerning the position of ihe head of the IJaie desChaleurs, that fmthcr comnieiil on the suhject seems unnecessary, at least as far as may relate to official authorities. Had popular usage home out the assuni|ilion that the Ilaie ties Clialeurs exteniled uiiwanLs, beyond ] Cainphelltown, thatcinunistance, allhough at variance ; wilh everv ollicial authority, might pnssihiy have ; all'orded Mr. IJaillie some shadow of apology lur hav- ! ing instituted a search, for the purpose ii( ili>,ci)vcrin!^ the true vvestirn extremity, and, for the error he com- mitted in afterwards assigning ii wrong and impossible j position to that point. I Popular usage, however, is unecpiivocally and diametrically opposed to his statement. In support of this a.ssertion there arc three ducuinents inserted m the Appendix to this Report, each of whidi contains a general anil pojiular description of the Risligouche river, correctly defming the position of its entrance into Chaleurs Hayj near the site of tlie town of Ualhousie. These documents arc as follows, viz : — 1st. — Description of the Ristigouche river hv Colonel Joseph Bouchetle, late surveyor general of Lower Canada, (IS^l.) jpi.'i.lix, No. 2nd.— Description of the same hy Robert Cooncy, of 'u' ' Miramichi, New Brunswick, (183i.) /i.raJix.iNo. 3rd.— Description of the same given at a public 17.' lecture, delivered in the city of Saint John, New Brunswick, on tho Stii December, 1843. Each of these descriptions is contradictory to Mr. Baillie't statement. wlis.N. I call also state, fioni personal observation, that tho inhauiiantu residing on cither side of the Kistigouciie, from Dalhousie upwards, never designate the stream by any other appellation than that of " Kistigoiicho " river," and they would, no doubt, be us much sur- prised at the statement that the Ristigouche river was the Bale des (Jhaleurs, as an inhabitant of the city of London coulil possibly be, were lio lohl that tho Thames was not a liver, but formed part if the German ocean. It mav po.ssibly be alleged on tho part of New Brunswick, that the enlargement in the breadth of tho Risligouche, for about '22 miles above Dalhousie, wouhi warrant the supposition ihat it ought to be con- sidi'red as forming part of the Baio des Chaleurs tor the whole, or, as Mr. Haillie expresses it, for about two Ihinln of tliat distance. It can he easily shewn that no grounds cxi.st to war- rant sui h a supposition, and, were it otherwise, that no possible inlerence could be drawn fritn thenco which would all'ect the issue of any ipieslions, now pending, in relation to tliu |iosilion ol the Canadian ho Milary. Bv referring to map B, where tho Ristigouche river and western part of the Baie des Chaleurs are deline- ated from actual surveys, it will at once be seeti, with- out reference to other authority, that the Baie des Cha- leurs and Kistigouciie river are distinctly defined by n iture, and th.it each o( them, respectividy, maintains its disliiictive (haracter to the point of their junction at Dalhousie, the enlargemi lit of the hiwcr parts of tho Ristigoudie being nothing more than the expansion usually found near the mouths of rivers discharging into tide waters. It has already been shewn that tho stream, from Dalhousie upwards, has borne the name of the Ristigouche river uninterruptedly for more than L")3 years, which period extends back upwards of 7J years beyond the date of the proclamation, fixing tlie boundaries of Canada. These houndaries must therefore have been estab- lished in reference to the Ilaie des Clialeurs as it then was (and still is) distinguished, and it needs no argu- ment to show that were the name of that Bay to bo now applied to the river Risligouche, or any olli<>r of its tributary slroair.s, such a change coulil not possibly have ihu slightest eli'ett on the construction of any pre- vious descriptions ot the boundary line, A line running " about north " * from the western pxtreiiiily of the Baie iles Chaleurs, as described by Mr. Baiihe for part of the eastern boundary line of New Brun.swii k, must, of course, commence at the true western extremity uf the Bay, wliicii is about a in'le and a half .southerly from the south shore of (he Risligouche river. Such a line would leave the true highlands described in the Proclamation of 17G3 and tho (iuebec Act ; and take a course nearly at right angles with them, descend to the valley of the Kisti- MnpH. gouche, — cross over the same, passing three miles in " ^■ its waters, and then ascend, crossing the high moun- tainous ranges lying northward from the Ristigouche, until it should meet the sources of the streams falling j into the St. Lawrence. ' The cxircmo absurdity of the pretended claims of New Brunswick for -x new and extended eastern boundary has already been exposed, but that absurdity is still more striking when the east line, so claimed, is drawn from thu true head of the Baie des Chaleurs. * From Mr. Itaillie's map it appears Hint he intended the magiietii-al norlh, which, at tlic lieail of the Uaie des Chaleurs, in nearly 21^ degrees west of the true north. [11] MupB. .M,i|. n. ruB ind ;l.t sti- MnpB. in " *• in- he, ,ng Map F. Jla;. D. Tlio line wliitli iiy Mr. Uaillic's own shewing ounlil tn he a iiiiu iVoin tliu Uaiu dus Clialt'tirs along iiigli- Inmls, iinii should bound Cuiiiiilii on the aoutli, ' would, if drawn as he |iro|ioses, bo made to run " about noiih'" tro'.sinjj rivers and ranges of mountains transversely, and I'oriniug un eautrrn insteail of a norlhern boiintlary for New llrunswick, and a western instead of u southern boundary fur Canada. It is also worthy of rcmntk, that such a line, if pro- duced, would still leave the i;ruatost part of the town | end o| one of tlie enhirged portions of the Uistigoucho and port of ]Jalhousie, and the entire mouth or entrance || river. ui the Uistiguuchu river, within the lanits uf Canada. || 1, It is probable that Mr. Ilaillin liimself bocnine aware It WAS, nu doubt, in consiili'ration of this hitler fail, , of iho tnifoilunate sidection he had niaile for the posl- ns well as to avoid the anomaly of earryihg tlie pro- , tioii of ihc hra'l of ibe liaic des ('hal irs, as, in the posed line across tin' Ristigouciic, that Mr. ISaillie at- |; olHrial ami iilhographed copy iif the niap accompanv Mr. Haillie's position, the first \mt\'^ llio taslcrn end of a small bay, or expamleil seitlon of the rivi.-r, and the second forming the wtstern limit uf u similar por- tion uf the stream. Mad Mr. Haillic adopted this latter point for his as- sumed head of the liaie des Chaleurs, his Keport would have been divesled of some part of the pecidiarilv at- tachuil to it as it now stands, this point having at least the distinction of being the naturally marked western tenjplecl to move tiie lieail of the liay up to near Mission I'omI, on the north side of the Uistigouchu river, lhoU!;h doing so had the ell'ect of lessening the pretcnil- ed claim of New Brunswick on tin; territory of Cana- da, bv about •1G0,U()0 acce.s, that bi'lni; nearly the area of llie tract contained between a line drawn from tlie true head of the Hay, and thai shewn by Mr. Itiiil- lie on his map. The spot particularly definel l>y .Mr. I'allie as being " a little to the ea.slward of .Mission " i'oinl, on the north side of the liaie den Chalnirs " about a mile above (.'aini>bf.tltown," uud selected by liim as the western cvlrenuty of the same bay, is cer- taioly as inappropriate n point, to seleel for liiat distinc- tion, as could well bi! found un the Ristigouclie river. Hail a point been taken about five miles furlher up the stream, it would at least have iiail the comparative merit of being that, where the river bpcomcs finally re- duced to its general breaillli — or, had it been selected a little below Campbelllown instead of a mile above ihal place, it would then have been at the western limit of ing his report, as it appears with other ihicumenis re- lalmg to the bouiulary, printed by order of the New Brunswick .isseinbly, the " alarlin;!; point" for iho line ruiMiiii;; " otd north " is carried from the posi- tion fust ileM.ribeil, above a mile to (ho easlwaiil, down the Ulsligniiche, to the precise point above meiuioned, at the v.esliMii end of one of the Kistiirouiho river. die enlarged portions of X(.. -1. General description of the several tocnlilirs desi^- iwtiu'j; the position of the soiithern boundary line of Canada, S,-e. S;e. The mouth or entrance of the Risti^'onche river Into M^pB. the Baie iles Chaleurs is on the norlhern const of the Bay, very near the western termination of the killer. a considerable bay, or enlargement in the Ristigoucho | The Bay'itself extends a short distance to the west of river. But, there is not one marked local feature j' (hat position, its western coast forming a curve, like a segment of the peri|ihcry of a circle, the two ends of , which incline to the eastward. From the npjicr or ! western side of Iho mouth of the Risligouche river it ; is about 3.i miles, on a .south course, to the opjiosito and |soiilhern shore of the Bi'y, and from the northern side ' of the same it is about ■\\ miles, in the same direction, to ihe (ijiposite coast. characlerizing the spot discovered by Mr. Baillie, ainl by liiiii declared to be the western extremity of the Baie des Chaleurs. About a mile and a half above Caraphelltown, the channel of the river suddenly contracts in width to about one third of its previous dimensions, 11 The point constituting the true u'ealern extremity of Ihe Baie des Chaleurs, must, of course, be that point in the curve, formed by ils we:.tern roast, which would be touched by a tangent, drawn in the direction of the true meridian. The strait caused by this contraction conlinnos downwards to a point, a very short di-^tance below Cainphelltown, where the river again expands to a more ronsiderabie width than belore. The norlhern .shore of the river, along this strait, extends in nearly a uniform and direct course and the land on the shore, 11 and for some distance back, is an even and level plain. This point, according to the best and most anthenlic It was on this sirait near ils xtpper extrernrty and on il sui^-eys, is situated rather more than a mile and a half, the nearly straight line of shore above described, that ; southerly, from the Ristigouclie river, as represented on Mr. Baiilie found the .sjwt that '■'■nature liad .w j ihe accompanying map B. s^-oiiif/iy marked^'' as in his opinion "/o leave no open- inc;for discussion or dilficult;/," as lo the certainly I At this point, immcdi.ilely on the very coast of the of ils being ihe true western extremity of the Baie des j, Baie, is the commencement of a high and well defined Chaleurs. From the i)recise nature of Mr. Baillie's ';| tango of hills, extending from thence to Ihe weslwai description of this spot, "about a mile aboveCampbell- i| ami seeming, when viewed fr-om Dalhousic and other town" and "a lilllu to the eastward of Mission Point," i; places along the Ristigoirche, to form an almost impas- its position cannot be mistaken ; hut, when on the spot, we .seek in vain fir any one natural mark or feature corresponding with Mr-. Baillie's slatement. There is however, ono naturally marked point a short distance above, and another about a mile below * The extract from the auebec Act given by Mr. Baillie, In hia report, is so mutilated tliat it I'onveys no descriiition of the ilin-j-linn of the Boutlicrn bouiidnry of the Province of (luebec. He merely cites eo much of the (lescriptlon, as shews that Ihe line extends fnim the Baie iles Chaleurs along cerUiiii liijjli- ianils, leaving us in the dark as to the imiiit to which the line is (tirectcd, and consequently of its rc(iiilrcd direction, all of whicli arc contained, however, in the description he has thus partially iit-stud. sable barrier between the lands adjoining that river and the territory lying further to the south. This part of the highland ranrc cannot ho better described than in the words of two writers, of the Pro- vince of New Brunswick, the first of whom remarks that from Eel river, "to the cnl'.ancc of the Risli- ^^iTci'^i^* " goucho, the shore is a continuation of almost per- ""' " pcndicirlar dills, towering i.early a hundred feet " above the level of tlio sea." The second writer alluded to, who is, I believe, a Ai.pfnJu.No. resident of St. John's, N. B., describes the range more '^• minutely as follows, viz : — [12] 17.' K^. K. No. " Tlioro is a high riilge of trap rock sppnrnliii); Eel " river from Dulhoiisie, ralloil Churli'j'ort's Hill, " which is very ubriipt on llio Et! river side iitui " sloping, Inwards llie 'iisligoutlie. Al the base of tlio " slope IS ihu town of Uiillum.>iu." It may bo ndilcd that tho oaslern exlrcniily of this liighhuui ridge, on the side adjacent to the Kistig'iiicjic coast of tlie Bnie dcs Clinlenrs, the ilisjiinct portions si» described, scemii)g, however, to indicate iSio general direction ami position of thv bouivlary. it Is staled in the proc?iimn(ionthal this line " passes " along the liighlards, Stc, ami "m/»o along the north " coast of the Haie des Chaltnrs, " whereas, had it been inlendcil lo iiitpljl tliiit such highlnnds and tho river, tcrniinales in a point exli'iiding a coiisidernlde north coast of thu Hay were actually conlenninnus, distaiiiu into tho May, near soino mus^^ivu detached rocL^, called Bon Aini\s Uorks. Map A. From tho Uaie des Chalcnrs, this r.ingo extends weslwardly r)r about I J miles, in a course nearly pa- rallel willi tliat of the {{iNligiHiche river, and then trending round soullnvaidly, onlinucs in that and a pencrallv soiilliweslecn direclioii,— still coiisliluling tlu; line of dividing higlilauds, until it rea,'.ticq. Tbi'.sc objections are founded on Ihe assumption of an iiii|iiissihility, viz : that the boundary line must of necessity bo made to pas.s, from the sources of the Con- necliciit river to the bead of the Haie des Clialeurs, nlon>4 highlands which tbroughout their whole extent, should divide the sources of llic Saint Lawrence walurs from the sources of streams disciiarging them- selves into the Atlaiilic. The language of the proclamation of 17C3, states that the line, " crossing the river Saint Lawreiue " and the lake Champlaiu in '15 degrees of norlh " latitude, passes along the bighhinds which divide the " rivers that empty themselves into Ihe said river " Saint Lawrence from those which fall into the sea, " and also along the norlh coast of the Haie des Clia- " leurs and Ihe coast of the gulf of Saint Lawrence to " Cape Hosier, &c. S:c. " When we bear in mind that it was not po.ssible for the framers of the proclamation to imagine that any high- land range could actually divide the Saint Lawrence and Atlantic waters quite up to the Haie des Clialeurs, it becomes obvious that no such cimtinuity of high- lands, having at every point of their extent that specific c.ar.icter, was ever intended to be described in the proclamation. There arc merely points or disjunct portions of Iho boundary described, from lake Nipissim to the north admitlcd on the part of New Hruuswick to he soiiili- wcsterly, as it has ever been tnaiiitained to be by the Province of Canada. The dates of tho nulhorilics above mentioned are respectively as follows, viz : — ist. — Royal Proclamation, 7lh October, 1703. 2nd. — Commission It Montague Wiliramt, esquire, 31st November, I7C3. 3rd.— Quebec Act, 22d June, 1771. •llh.—Lctlcrs Patent setting off the county ofNorlh- umberland, lOlh Juno, 1785. 5lb. — Letters Patent setting oil" tho counlv of Voik, 25lh July, 1785. The concurrent testimony of tho foregoing authorities shows conclusively, that Ihe line claimed by Canada is the linn originally intended by Great Britian, for the southern boundary of tho Province. But, when in addition to those authorities we recur to the fact, that Ihe range of highlands, which from tho sources of the Connecticut river to the Melgermetle portage, actually divides the sources of the Saint M.ip.'V. Lawrence and Atlantic waters, still continues in a north-eastern dir jction, and (inally terminates at the ivestem extretnil/j o( Ihu Bale des Clialeurs, being tho only range nf highlands extending to that point ; when wo also remember that Great Britain always maintain- ed that tho southern boundary of Canada extended A|i[>rii(liT, No. 1 Aiiirmlix,No. if Apiion lix, Nc tin a Viilo N. tr, It, paiic i», fd (I 10 II 1- a ir o le It Map A. a le 10 It 1- d [ 13] norlli-fiHstcrlv Iroin llio Mcli^crincllc! |P(irlai;o iiloii|r tlio Mitinu CdiiliiiiiiiljiMi of llijs Inirlil, 111(1 iiiiiL;i', — llii; (.(iii- clusjiiti liL'coiii)!.s inuvil.ilili', — iliiit lint liiir Iniiii lliv liuiiil III' ill)! Iliilu il'.'M CliuliMii'N III iii'iir Mai'!t Mill, is ileiiiiiii.slriilily |iiirt iif liiii liiiu ikliiMiil liy (iri'iit Hriliiiii in I7GJ iiiiii 1771 iiit tlie soiitliurii buuiiiliiiy of tliu I'ruvincu u( Cuiiiida. No. 5. Ilr.murka on Dr. fies»cr'« Ileporl in rrlulion to the. Jioundari/ Linchelweim CdiuiilaiintI i\ew HrHn.i- wick, nuide the iOlh Siptvinber, ISU. The Report (if Dr. Gcsner coiicerniiig tlin iinscUleil buundiiiy <>i (^aiiiida and New ISruii.swiik, is iii. giiished by ils present iiaino fur iiioic ibaii I JO years, " '" '•• and ihi'ii! are ollicial surveys of it, from ils mouth at Dalhoiisin up to the duo norili line traced from tho river St. Croix, wiiicli are recorded in the olliceof tho Surveyor (ieneial of New lirunswick, al' assigning to it, its then and present designation of " Ristigouclio river." Th' general course of the Tomkisuac river is nciarly m.,.. ii at right angles to that of tliu Risligoucbe, as may ho seen liy rel'erence to the map. It bills into the Risti- uniiche river a.iont 2.> miles (measured along the hit- ler) hi'iow the due iiorlh line iVmn the Sle. Croix, and ab miles above its mouth at Dalhuusie. ft is obvious that this additional attempt on the part of New Hriiiiswick to change tho designation of a part of the Ristigouchu river, like the attempt already dis- posed of, where tiie cohimissioner fur New lirunswick rui^os, .fiy. had declared that tho Baio des Chalenrs extended 17 miles up tho lower part of the Risligmiclie, — cannot ho allowed to operate to the prejudice of the pre-existing and distinct rights of Canada. It may indeed ho conipelcnt for Iho aiitiiorities of New Brunswick to now proceed to rliango the terms used in all llieir former and present documenis relating 10 those parts of the Ristigouche river, calling those portions liy new names, and, in conformity to such a procieediiii;, to remodel their land patents, acts of par- bament, maps, plans and diagrams, and even to cause the same to bo ilunc in private contracts and other written documents within the limits of their jurisdic- tion. All this, however, if carried into ellcct would he perfectly innocuous in regard to any previous rights or claims which been deliiipd, willi relation to the ori- ginal and present naino of that river, as its identity woulil still remain, and tho name by which it was dis- tinguished at the date of such definition must be the only one which could by any possibility be referred to, in discussing such rights or claims. In examining the second part of Dr.Gesner's Report, before referred to, it will be necessary to consider what weigh! should be atlached to the arguments or authori- ties adduced, in support of his expressed opinion in re- gard to the position of his proposed boundary line. These may be summoned up in the tliree following statements contained in Dr. Gesner's Jlcport, viz : — 1st. — That the boundary ho had proposed would form the best divisional line " since the happy termina- tion " of the late boundary disputes between Great Britain and tho United States. 2nd — That the boundary so proposed by him would give to eaih Province all the rivers that flow and open into their respective districts, and would agree with the physical geography of the country. 3ril — That Iho remoteness of the district of Gasp6, from the seat of government in Canada, has an injurious ell'ect upon its civil and moral institutions. It is ditlicuU to imagine the process of ratiocination adopted by Dr. Gesner, (for he has not explained it) in arriving at his conclusion that "the happy termina- tion " of the disputes with iho United States concern- ing their boundary, constitutes an iirgument in favor of the dismemberment of Canada, and the annexation of a large portion of Gaspe, Bonaveuture and Rimouski to New Brunswick. Certain it is that the line he has defined from Cape Rosters, along the sources of the streams falling into the till Saint l.nwrcnro cannot roinridi! with tin; American line, lull, it' |>riiiliic('il, would cnil 117 uiilis to llic; noilli of liio julltr, at lliL'ir rispiM liii.' Icriniiialioii"! on llic iltiL' iiiirlli liiiu I'loit'. till! source III' llii' Saint Cruix, wiiicli t'orins lliu wrsicrn limit ul' Now liriiniiwick. ! As lliere woiiM lie so i;rciil a iliscrcpanco liclwriii lliu Aini'rican lini- and llial |)ro|Misi'd In Dr. (icMier, il lollows lliat tin; inlrrcnce lii! was pli'aM'd lo draw in I'iivor ol' hit iTo|io-.ilion, from lln' /i((/»/',i/ liriiiiiiiilion of lluit boniidary i|iii'>lion, is not funnili'il uti lln.' yicii- lion rctciilly njjrccd uiion for tliu Aniuntan houn- dary. ' j Tlio most (ilivions ronclnsion, tliorcrorp, nrisini; from Dr. (ifsntr's iissuin|iliiMi lliat ilir cxli'iisioii of llir li- mits li New Drnnswick liad lirconio aihisaldo niiicc llip hdi'i'i/ li:niiiiiitlii>n of llir Ana'rican iincsllon, would sfrni to In; lliat In' lahiircd iindi'r iIh' cslri'inrly crroniMiiis iin|iression, wliicli mIm> a|i|iiMrs to have lucii adopti'il liy evijrv oilier |iidilic liinitinnary of .New Urunswick when trealini; npim llie saine (pieslion, that (iieat Britain cunid not act o|ii'nly in m llliii'.; the lioundaries of these Colonics diirini; the |iendeney of lier diirerencu with the I'niled Slates, wilhoiit prejii- dico to the claims &hu then maintained against thai government. V^'xe l,ri VI] It has already liccn shewn, and need not now lie re- peated, that such an assmnplnin, iiivoliini; the conclu- sion lliat Great Britain had acted in had f.iiih towards the L'nitcd States for more than half a c-enhiry, is un- .suhslantiated and wholly at variance with facts, every act of the imperial government in relation to the Ca- nada boundary, as well as the docimienis under the < Great Seal of the I'rovince of New Brunswick, cstali- lishinj; thu fnst suhdivisions of that I'rovince, having been uniformly consistent in relerrini; lo the same line , of boundary, e.Mendini; alons; the ran^e of hii;lilands ^ from the Baic des Chaleursto the sources of the Con- necticut river. Such is the boundary described in the i I'roclamalion of I'ti.i ; in the (Quebec Act of 177 I ; in ilie iiritish arguinent with llie United Stales, and in 1 he present statement of the claims of thu I'rovuiee of Canada. i Dr. Gesncr's second crnuiid of support fir his pro-' posed line from Ca|ie Kusier.s ami aliinn; the liiLjhlands cxtendin,!; from thence westwardly, is that " such a line ' " would e;ive to each Proviiid! all llie rivers that ibiw " and open into their res|iiclive dislricis and would " agree with the physical geography of tiie countrv." ; It cannot be necessary to oppose anv argument to ibis statement, which were it adiiiilled to be correct, riiuld not bave the ino.st remnle bearing on the ijues- tions now pending between the two Provinces. The southern boundary of Canada, along the district of (iaspij and the lower part of Bonavcnlure, is estab- lished by iiniierial authority to bo the norlh coasi of the Bail! des ("haleurs, which has an indisputablv defined position, never called in ([iieslion since the llrst discovery of that Bay by Jacques Cartier, in Julv, 1J31. To tlie west of tlio Bale des Chaleiirs, the boundary line, declared by the same authority, follows the well ; defined range of highlands, extending towards the I south-west, wiiicb certainly conforms to the phv^ical ■ geography of the country, in giving to each Province the streams rising within its limits, unless indeed, we except the river Saint John, which takes its rise in the United States, and consequently, must bo inii rsected by the external boundaries of New Brunswick in eitiier case. The third and last of Dr. Cisncr's nrgnmrnls, in favor of annexing mi h.rge an extent of Canadian Icrritory (o I he Provinie of New Briinswic k, is d.ri»cil from llie ili|iirii>us ellicls on the ci>ilalid ninral instilu- lions of till.' (ciiinlry, alleged by him lo be ( unsequcnl upon the ilisiaiiie of thai turrilory from ibu Caimdiiiu seat of government, 'I'bis lie has ilbislralid by a special slalemont In wliicli be avers lliat oh the Canadian side nf ihe Uisli* HOIK he, irlirfv it 1.1 inhdliilril, for a distance of 70 miles " no slaliilc hdioiir nor iiiililia duly is peifnriiied, " nor taxes p.iiil, and every man is governed bv his " own opiiiiiiii of what is right and wrong." * The ohjeit of the present investigation conc-rning the siiulhern boundary of Canada, is not the otablish- nieiil of a ;ic((' and conventiniial boundary line, but iit conlined Ui llie acipiisiiion of such inforiiiiilioii and aulhurilii'v, as may be necessary for removing the doubls w'.ii h have bilherlo been supposed lo exist, in regard to ibo local application of ihe hinguage used in Ihe concurrent descriptions of ihal liounihirv, as conlained 111 the Koval Proclamation uf 17(JJ, and the Quebec Act. Tliose descriptions, however, do not make tlic posi- tion ol the soulhern boundary line of Canada contingent or dependent on the number of m;igisltales a|ipoiiited aloiii; the Kisiigoiiche river, or the amount of statute labour, or militia duty, performed there, iind, conse- (piently. Dr. (iesner's slatemenls in relation in thoso siilijei is can have no connexion whatever with the boundary question. Dr. (iesner's Report, in point of fact, is merely nn expression of bis private opinion in favour of an arbitrary boundary between the Provinces, extending westwardly from C.ipe Hosiers, (as bu has staled,) " ucfunliiig lo llif ancUnI clwrler of CuiuuUi." Of this " ancient charter of Canada," I have never beluie beard mention, but if any such document is in existence, which is very much to be doubled, it is, of course, superseded by the Uoyal Proclamation of 17C3, ' 'I'lir nluive nrcdiinl of Ihe MiuthcnKlern iiart of Canailn, mill llie stale of its civil iii:'liluliuiis, as givriiby Dr. tie-.|iiT, in rerluiiily 11 most ninniw slalenieiil to iiilniilui-e inin a ilm-u- iiii'ht lonreiiiiiiy; the piisiliiin whii'li sliiiiilil be as«ii;iiccl to Ihe siiuihrin li.iiiiiilary of Caiuula.— a iiiiivliun wliirli can enly lie sniviil by rriirciici' I'l Ihe wrillni aiilbdi-iliiv in whicli llie buiiiulary line was lirtit ileliiieil, iiuire than eiyhly year.-' ago. riul nn llieKe clatcnieiits. however limpplicnble to the boundary liiieiiii|iiisiii)n. wcTr- made in ii report prepareil ill the iuKlance ol'Ihe j.icuiiiiaiit-tinvrrhnr of aiiiilliir I'lm-itiiw am! were by liiiii hiiil hillire ibe iiiiperiiil iroviniiiiiiit willinut ret'erence t'l llic i.'nvcnimi'iit uri/aiiailii. 1 feci hiiuiul (n irivc such iiilbr- iiiatioii as will serve to nirrccl the errnneiius impresr-ions they ■Mr calciilatcil l.i create, aiiiiiiii,' pcrsmiK not iui|iiaiiitcil with Ihe acloiil stale of the c( iry iinihr coiisiileraliun. In llie year iNii), since which liiiir lliere has beei verv lillle addition I') the imimlation aloiiir the north side uf the l{isti!;oucbe, the scalicrcd. bill marly iTiiiiiected selllcmenta iiliiiij.' the iidrtbirii sbiire (inly extended abuel .11 niil.s -.ipwaids I'nini the mmith nf the river at Kalbiiiisie. I'rnceediiiu' iipwardn from the end of lliese settlements imd passin|L' an interval el' I I'l mill's ol unbroken, priiiiilive liirest there wasiuiotbcr uet- llemint. if such it can he tiTineil. extendiiur tliree-lia;rths of ii mill' aliiiiir the river, and oinsislinf.' uf rniiKi: fiimilhn mihj, this latter settlemeiil ticinir un hoth sidcaof the entrance of the Tomkisuac river, and the last and liigheBt on the Kisiit'ouche. An Pr. Orsncr lm.< not seen fit to purtirularize the section of Ibe Hisii;riiiiche. aloiiR which he bad found 70 miles of set- tled cmintry with only one niatiislrale and where tlie inhabi- lanls lived beyond llie reuh of law or civil jjoverninent, wo are Icll lo firm merely runjecturid coiichisions on lliiit subject. It is. however, evident that Ibis section of 71) miles cannoi bo taken IromDaihousie.upwnrdfl, as the Keltlcments temiinate II miles above that point, leavinir '29 miles of unsettled couii- i try lo cnmplele bis entire distance of 71) miles. Equally evi- |] dent in it, tliut thoso 70 miles caiuiot bo made to extend down- [ I-'"' ] No. () whiTO tho ciiatLTii (mrt of (lio Camilla liuiiiulary is " I liavii llicrulorc (o dircitt vnii to place yiiursvlf in iluscriliiMJ as |i.iN'n); lliu iiiiilli riia>( uC lliu " CDiniuiinlcilloii with Sir Cljaili's flaunt on (his siib- " yi(/ic (/('» C/ik/cum anil llii! ciia>l 111 llu! null' III' Siiiiil "jt'il, anil In alislaiii Irdiii ailii|iliiig any |)riiLciMlirij;S " l^awrclire In (;,i|ii! Il(i»irrs, ami Iriilii lliriii:i; crnsMii!; " wliirli aiu iiiilitalin: nl' yniir ilitkliliiinK, in rt'Spott In " llio iiiMiilli 111' llii! riVLT Siiiiil Lawiciid! In ilie ^Vl•^l " a nkw hiiiiwliii\i/ liite, until you urc I'ully nciiuainHid " fiiil of ilin MiiimI ol' AnlicnUi, tuimina'lus ut llio " Willi liis views.' " ulurusiuid rnur Saint Joliii." Tlio proclaninlinn alxivcincntinnt'd ami llic Qucliec Acl nf n'\, •vliirli ari! llm miIo aillliiirilit's In liu nm- siiUlmI ill ililiiiiiif!, lliu biniiiilariis i'' 'ir rastirii pari nf Camilla, are, linwuvrr, licvrr liifUlinlii^il, imr is lln; 8li^lili;!it alliisinii iiiaili! til lliiMii, III aii\ part nf Dr. . UfMier'.s III |ii>rt. 'I'liis nini;.Mnu iim>i (•itilainly ap- 1 puar very siirprlsini; uiile.sM \vu ailnpt llin siippnsilinii i llial it was llie iilijecl nC llii; aiulinnlirs nl New Urutiswii'k In iiiiliice lliu iinprrlal irnvii'iiiiRiil, liy rx luirlc. represeiiUilinns, In Ohlalilisli a itiw liiilimliii!/ line, M'ltiii;{ aililu llie ri^lilK iil'Caiiiiila, ami liiMiii'nilirr- ini; the I'rnviiice, lor llio purpnse of aililnii; lariju vnrliuiis nl' her lerntiMV In ihal ul Mew llruiiswiek. | ' I Such a eniiehiNinn is, imleeil, iiievit.ilile rrnm llie general teimr nf the ilnciiineiils hr>ni;;lit huwaril on llie part nf New Uruiiswiek in support nf her pielunileil claims, anil llial sneli was ihe eniislruclinii tiieii pul upon llin.so ilncuiiienis hy lliu Hritish ^nveriiineiil is eviileiil from ihe lali!'iia;_'e useil hy the llifjhl llniinialile Lnril Stanley, Her Majesty's Seirelary nf Stale fnrlho '.nluuies, ill a ilispaleh i.i llic Jnlli of (lelnher, IHIJ, In the Lienleiiant-tinvernnr of New UrimswicU, in which Ins Inrilsliip, iil'ier aikmiwhilgiiig ihu receipt of the liispaltli cniitaininj5 Dr. (iesnor's Kepnrl anil other enclosures on ihu saiii'i suhjecl, adds the fnllowiiifi; remarks : — " I concur with you in thinking that it will ho de- " sirahle to as<;erlain with i>recision, and to deliiie in a " reci.gnised manner, the line of separalimi helween Ihe | " adjniniiig Hrilish I'mviiires ; hut for this purpnse it " wiil he requisite to cnnsiilt, in the liist inslunce, the " (iovernor General of Canada." wiirils I'rom llic iliie iiorlli line, hb surli u Kupliim wniilil (inly iiicln.lc Iliri'i-JiiuiHin of a iiiilr nl Vclllciiii'iil, i'oiisisliiii.'(il'//iMr I'uviilii-n, ill llii! wliuli' ili.-Miicc. Till- must ri'iisdiiiiiilc siip|ii)- '-'iliiiii wiinlil llH'rcliiri' sti'iu In lir. llial Dr. (ir.-iirr iiitciiilccl Ills riTiiirliH lu apply lo llir Nri-limi nl' llic Iti.^liLrimclie (vliii'li ■ xtnidH Irnm iii-arly njipci-iu; CanipbeltiHVii, up 1" llic riilraiue cil'llii; Toiiiki.-unc riviT. This wimU iiioluilc 70 niilcs iilnnsr tin- Hisiiudiii-jif. with setlli'iiiriits at i:ilhiT extremity, the exlonl and iharartii- nl' which may be tliiiH deiscrilieil, viz : — Extent, ist.— FifRt sfltlenicnlol' three liiinilieri near llie en- traiire nl' tlie TniiiklHiiac. river, nil iiii{»niiiliil I'rnwii lands Oi{ milo.<. anil.— Siu-riTilin? uiiscttMd interval descending the U istignuclie 4 1 J do. .'.rd.— First part nfllie Inwcr srlllemi'iitri. oxtn'ine- ly wattered. and merely skirting the river, nn iiiigriinted Crown lands 1 1 J do. Itli. — Uesidno of lower fii'ttlemeiitB. exteiidinL'frnin Ihe eiiti.iiii'e or.Matapediac river In near Camii- helltowii, a scattered setlleim'iit iiloii!; the river u part of which is on granted lands 125 ''n. Whole distance 70 miles. It thus appears that in 1830. in the 70 miles of settled coiiii- Iry inentioned by Dr. tiesiier in IHli. there were nearly 15 miles nf forest, or a trille less tliiiii lif(i-lliinl.i of the whole, ill one block; that there were only 21* miles of cnnliiuious sel- tlciie'iils, of which diKtance ll-j miles cniilaiiied niily ii few scattering families, setlied at random by the river siili liy iile on the waste lands of the Crown. leaviii pii.s»t'.s.>iiiii of nil lliu turriliiiy iiicluilcil ill iliu uriniuiil (li'»Lri|ilii)n iliurcnf, uiul fur many years |iiiiir Id lliis, nil tiglils supimscd ti) have Ipceiiciealeil l.y the f;ruiil of Nuva ScDlia, had eeaM'd to exist, and have never since hceii revived, or recog- nized hy the Uritiah governineiil. This may he rendered eviileni hy slinply rrferring to some of the facts connected with the former history of that section of the country, ami I therefore siihjoin a list ill chronoliyical order, ciMilainiiin the ihite.s and eiuime- ratiun of sundry |iiildie ads, which, of themselves, will prove the utter iin|iossilulity of now instituting any claims lor r"storing the supposed ancient limits of Nova Scotia. A.I). Hii\. — \cva Scotia grniited to Sir Willinm Alex- ander. mi-l — Sir William Alexamler dispatches a nuiiilier of emigrants to Nov . Scotia who do not estahlish themselves. 16:23 — Sir VVdIiam Alexander's settlers return to Kngland. ICJI— Order of Knights Haronet of Nova Scotia founded hy Charles 1st of England. 1629 — \ova Scotia, with the exception of I'ort lloy-d, conveyed hy Sir William Alexander to Claude de l,a Tour. 1633 — Treaty of Saint Gerinains In which Nova Scolia, Cape Breton and Canada were restored to France. 163-1 — Suiulrv grants of land in Nova Scotia made by the Crown of fiance to Charles Etienne >essaHi of ihrt saiiii' trails, on two subsi- i|ilciil iii'casiotis, she did llol alli'iiipl lorelii'W lliisi;rant I as at liisl deliued, hut in the lirsl case, she u'lanled ii portion of it ill a liia t o| ipijtr a dillirenl dcscn|>lionv .iiid, in the siroml, she annexed the wlioh: to another I'rov ince. These latter acts of (ireat llrilaiii, like the original grant o| No\a Scolia, were respectively sii]M'rse. French government, have heen recognised and main- '■^'■*' '■* '"' tained by tlie Crown of England, while, on the contrary most, if not all of the old French grants in Nova Scotia, including the present Province of New Brunswick, havo been .set aside, and the lands so granted annexed to the domain of the Crown. Among the French grants in Canada, still held in virtue of their original titles may he mentioned the Fiefs or Seigniories of Ctoridon, Lake Matapediac, and Madawiisliu and Luke Temiscouula, the forintr , having, indeed, heen acquired by the Crown, but by the I Royal droit de retrait, which amounts to a bond fide AiiiJcndix.iX'o. ' purchase from the previous proprietor. ***• j All these seigniorial grants are included in the part Mi.|iA. of Canada now claimed by New Brunswick. But it was not only the northern boundary of the then new ; Province of Nova Scotia to which a new and restricted ! position was assigned. Great Britain had always main- [17] tninei!, thai liy tlm river Snint Cniix, n« tnontinnnil in | Sir Willia:ii AIuxiiikIit's f^raut, viiin inli^iiiliMt (lii> IViitiigot't iir IV'iiiiliM'iit river, wlilcli, in conitiKiii willi otiivr Klroiuiiii in tliut vicinity, liiiil fi>rniurly burnu tliti •unm lido, Ap|iriulii,Nii. In llio (lcs(Ti|ilionH ol llin wrslmi Imiiniliiry of ilio 2- imw I'nivincr nf Nnv ii Si miii, irivcn in llin ninniistidn Id Miin(H);iiu Wiiniiil, ilatcil ^Ist Nnvcnihi'r, I7(i:(, tlio iiliDVu L'liiiin in ruluticin to ly (Itliiitil soiilliurii Imuiidiiry of Cu inula. Tlio present weslprn l)i)ni)ilary of Now Hniiiswiik Was tliiTefiire, exprcusly iinil uilvisnily, ('sliilili>lii'il in I7()3, liy roiii|i('tent iiillliorily, not at tlir western limit of Sir William AleKamicr's |;raiil, lint tonsiileralily further to the eaiitwaril. .\|v'n.lit I, ■!, N, y lU. AppduliiAi. Nil. 'I'liere were some ililUcnliies mot with in finally """' ileriilini; on that |iarliriiliir liniiiih of the Saint Cidin, fririi tile soiiree of wliii:h the ilue north line w.i'. to lie Ir.ieeil, lint all tlio^e ilillieiilties have lieeii seltleil anil a north line is now ileliiiitivi ly est.ihlislieil, lorniiii'.;' the liivisioii helween the Hntish |iii>si'>Niiins imil the territory of the state of .Maine, ii|i to the |ilare of its intersi'ition with the river Saint John, ah ml 3,") miles to the iiorlhwaril of the true iiorthen liouniiary of New Hrunswick.* 1st. — It is tlms rcnilereil r.ompletely eviileiit Ihiit the ori;;inal j;rant to Sir William Ale\,iiiiler, nrrvr conlil liavu conveycil any right, to the nuith of lliu llith (Icgrco uf north latitmlu 2nil. — That every riniit ilerivahle from that iirant was utterly anil (or ever eancelliil (unless uiherwise reneweil) in IGJi, only eleven year.j afler its original ilate. 3r(I. — That itianv reeoirniz'il iniitations of sovereignty, as well as of iniliviiliial temire of the same lerrilory, liavG also oeenrri'il since the treaty of \l'''M, wliii li of themselves, wmiM iiave entirely exlinguisheil every claim growini; out of the original grant of Kiji, hail any such claim or claims still remained in existence. Past' ll,cix liir the Iminiilary lias lieen Iniiilly eiiMilniniiMl by iiiaiiy, parlii-nliirly liy llie (uMipli- of \e\v Uniiiswirk, wliii maiiitniii that the western liniiuli sliimlil have lireii taken, lieraii^e the \ve>trnmici.-l siimTe iir ^prniL' ol'a river callcsl the S.iint Cri)i.\. wa-i iiii'iiliiineil in the irniiit 111 Sir William .Mexaii.ler. I iiiukI he iillnweil In e\pie>s iny I'liliri'ilivsi'iil iViinisnrlia ciini-liisinn, ami tiie realms iirire.! in iirt rJiipporl. Tile I'oniier liiiiili el' Sir William .\lexaniler's Kr.inl, as has been shown, are iiirt the liinil.s snlisefpieiilly iissi^iii'il to the. I'riivini'e nl' Niiva Sriitia. (iiii-lniliii!,' New DninKwii'li,) nor can ihe former he in any wine relerruil to, for duliiiing the poHlllon of tliu latter. Hesiiles, as the hminilary line, of wliirli the river Saint Croix from it.s muiilli to its simn-e, rorms a part, was to he a vcilrri) ami an luialfrn lionmlary resiH'Ctively. to the eoii- terininnuspossessioimol'Great llrilainiinil lliel'iiiii'il Slates. — it wiLS certainly more reasonahic to adopt the hraiirli of the ri. .r exteiiilinjr in a northern ami smiihern ilirei-lion. than In have taken aniilher hrani'h rnnnini,' transversely to the sjeiieral conrse of the boundary, wliie.h would have forineil a sonlhern nnd northern iiisteiid of a western and easlera hoiindarv for the respci'tive posBessioiiB of the two powers. There have been many diseordaiit aiithoritie.s riled t'orsliowin!: the dis- Iniicc between the respective ineridianB of the northern nnd western iioiirres of the Saint Croix, ii few of which 1 here subjoin. Mremising that the first ami airnml, derived from actual surveys, are the most to be depended on. The dietancen, contained in the first column, are taken from the several nuthoritiea referred to, nnd npj)ly to the latitude ofUio Sclioodic lakes, or weetern branch ol the river. From ihosn rnnsiilcrntinnii, nnil those which precede them, the inevilahle ninchiHion is, that tliern is not a shadow of support for the continually rejiealed assninp- tion of Mr. Wilkinson, and others, on the part of New llrunswick, that tho position of the western huiiinhiry line of that i'rovincu is still uiiM.tthal and khould now he estaldished Hccording to one of the many descripliolll in the Miveriil private grants, formerly miidu of the sumo .seitioii of the country, the particiihir private grant, to which they now refer, having liecn rendered • oiil ami iiun-uxislent for more tlum two centuries. It can hardly he necessary to lollow Mr. Wilkinson ri't'c4,tM.r;, throiiglioul his argumiiil ciiiiccriiing the posiliiin of the " "' soiithern honndiiry of (aiiaila, that snhject having al- ready heeii considered at length in this KeiKirt. .\ hrief review, however, of mime of tho most pronii- neni uroimils adduced in support of (he conchisionfi adopleil hy him, may not he out of place, as it is tho only insiance where the .M'inlilaiice of argument linx lieeii atteiiipled, on iH'halfof New Mrimswick, in defenco of her extended claims. Mr. Wilkinson's main grounds of argnmen, consist in the assumption that (ireat Mritain had tacitly or directly admilled that the hinmilary of the (Jiiehec in t was, as asserted hy tjic .Americans, Hloiig the norllieni range of higldands ; that n " dociiment, repnrled In •' have heeii recently found in I'aris, relating to Ihis " line of the treaty of 17H,)," more than cornihoiateil that view of the question, and, lastly, that a striking consei|uence of the above exposition was, that thu north-west annie of Nova Scotia, named in thu treaty of I7H;5, would exactly coincide with that specilieil in the original .American proposition at thecoinmencement of the Megotialions, that is to say, at the soiiri f of thu river Saint John. I'pon this curious foimdalion does Mr. Wilkinson propose to estahlisii a territorial claim on behalf of New Hrunswick. The assumiitinn that fireat Britain had admilled, in- directly or otherwise, that the descriptions in the I'ro- clamalion of I7(i;{ and the (Juehec .Act, might apply to the northern range of highlanils, exlending from {.'apo Hosiers to the westward, is utterly unliuinded and can easily he disproved. I have added a column, sliowlii!; the cniiver!!ence of meri- dians fiiiiii the S.'hnodie. lakes to the river Saint Jnlin, and another I'linliiiiiinr the rednred ilislanee at the laller point. AlTlI'iniTIES COX.SrLTKD. Mi nritisliOffii'inl Map A , as compiled froir nclual .■Surveys, (ish) -..■Vmrrii'iin Map nf Maine, from arUial Sur- veys, (1811) nniTieial Map of N'lw Brunswick, liy the Sur I veyor (ieniTal uf that Province, (lI*i'J). , '1 Map of tlio British Commissioners, Messrs. I Mucl;»eanil l-^alherstonhaujjli, (I8J11*).. American detached plans of Sur^-eys accord- lnj{ to iiicusurcs uf given liiieH thereon... ti American detaeljetl plans of Surveys, accord- ing to the given scale of the same TOIficial Map by \Vm. F. Odell, then a Sur- veyor of New Brunswick, (18*21) .. .Miles 18,10 18,35 17,80 17,-»0 1C,C7 1G,U0 8,70 Miles 0,U2 o.fii; o,co 0,SG 0,29 -J .Miles. 17,78 17,73 I7,'2l) 1G,81 IG,11 15,-lG 8,11 [18] In sciirn' |ii'riiiili nl" llii< firiinT ili.MiixsiiiMi with lli( (Iiivrililiii'li I ol'l- SNllr hr iiniiils iIikm' hI liirnii'r |iiiiviii<'iiil NiiliiliviiliiiiHiirirriihirv, llii'ii li'i'iiiiiif; |>iirl nl iln' I iniiil roiiliiilii'il |iiiilirill.ir (iili'-iili'riilliMi .Hill la ' 'nvii wmil.t, vix : — Slai rs, lis iiiilliiinlirN in I'm' uiU'iimnls Hull |ii'li iliii. I'liliti'iiiliii'' llhil tlh' Iri'iilv III' I 'i>*:i sliiiiilil III' niiislniril |K'ri'iii|iiiiiilv, mill mill in n'lrrimi.' In iIh liiii!;iiii.i;i' TliiTc is one iiiiiri'iiliiixnlntompntiif, Innil ri'riTi'rMc, III Ml'. Wllkihvni's Ki'|iiiri, wlili li iliMiMii LTt'liiri' gIM'll III lii« llii'ri'in ciinl.iiiH'il.* Iliil, iil llii' siiinr liiiic, vi l.ir runii | " s.nirs IViMii llir Siiiiil " l-'iMin llie rliiM' iirnviniily nf llir iNuiunMr wiili'rs nl'llir ll|i|ii r S.lllll .Inlill III lliiiM' III' llir Sllllil l.iiw irliri', il IS ilii't jliilili' llhil III II li'W yiit\ llir ulinlo nl'lliiil lri;iiill will lir >ii|i|iliril willi iiii|>ii||i'i| nrccs. Smli is ll iliijilt i I'il^S II lli.il till llrIM iiiil.ii'i III' Cniwiilii si liiiiilil I imrll iilviinl,ii;r of llir ilnwiiwaiil, .is riini|«iiril willi H' uri'iit A|i,;»ali«, '.:j iiui .III. liril mil in.iMiliiiiiril rrii niiiu;r nj' liii^liiiinils, (iiriil I " ii|iw.ii'il mil i^iillmi njilir Siiiiil .luliii, ihnl it i an liinilly iMilMI'l III llir liiool iMirilillviiiMl liiri •''''' ami |Mi-ilivr llililinrr. lis limv lir srrli liV n Irililii; lo lnT sliilriMi'llls ill li'liiliiin 111 llir Fli'l 111' iMiiiliiW.islv.l. >rlll In wliiil iMinl llir mrri Inillii: nui)' CM'liliiiiily jurviiil. llllvillll, igL'Olil Tlii.s sliilriniiil is, III) il.iiilit sirirlly nirrrrl, liiil llin (irivil llriiaiii, llirri'liirr.nrvrr ilriiiril llir ri)iiiiii|riiir vrry sinnnlur inliirmr ilrawn llirri rrniii, hv Mr. ol llir lirir si ir riailiii'il li:,'aili^ ^1 llir Ijiilril Slalr> Willi i UilKiiiMiii |s, lliiil iiislrail iil'nilliii! iililV jiiir- llir iorrrs|i.iiiiliiiir |,,,|| (i|' ||,,ii wliiili slu! Iiail liuiiirrly ! limi nl' Caiiaila, liy any niir i\' llir arliilriirv liniiiiiiiirv rlini'il fur till siiiilliri'n liiir 111' (.'iiii.iil.i .illliiiiii llir Iwnii wirk, sn |,ir In llii' wrslwanl as In ilirliiilr ||ir I'nrt uf ilirs as irrrlrvaril, mi llir ''riuiiil, as In Inn; oliMrvi'il, tliat III. illV nf I'l.S.t w.i.s ililrlilli'll I'l 111' cniislruitl |>rri'ni|ilnrilv, williniil ri'lemiiu in nllicr aullnauy. Ai'l'.'n.l.x,N.i Hill, nn iirininili',' n nmrr rrf. ll kliinvlrili;r nf llii Uivrr ilil l.nllli wilhin llir lallt'I' I' {'nlllllirMi irv. ll is il 11 |irn|iiisi|i,iii is wlinlly lllillrrrn. rl'i'ill nln inns llial IJir nrii'inil Irilliiris i.| llir rniinlrv, llir jdnal riMiMnissinnirs, cm- |j am I Nl .;iiiii In (iiral liiiliiin, in I7ti.), In (' \a Srnlla, wrlr nol iin.iiU iilinii uiMinnt iliui |il.Mrll nil llir s.ini.' Ilnllllil.irv l|lli'Sliii|l, llllly IMiilrll, ill i Cnllsillrralinll ill rrs|iirl In llinr [insilaiiK, anil llir MTV ilirir viiliialili.' iiml |iriiilu al l!r| ml llii! Iiniiiiilarv sliilrinriil L;i>t'ii In .Mr. Wilkin 'r cviirilirliiv, In say llnlliiii;,' nf llir jiislirr, nf imw wliirliniiMJit, iinilrr ihr Iri ah'.lii lia\u lirrii llir iinrllii'rii |' siilisliliiliiiu a iii.'W mill arliilraiy linumlarv in ihr |ilai'r lininiil.iiy nf p.irl nf llir Iniinl Slairs, w;;s iiliiilir.il ( '_'' ll"-' am inil mir, I'nr llir |iiii|)nM' nf ii:;i;iaiiilizii|.^r willi a srrlinii nf llii: .sniilliirn liniimkiry nl Caiiiula. Il raiiiiiil 111! iii'crssarv In fnllnw Mr. ^Vilkillsnn' Ni'W I wii'k ami llirii'ln ill |iri\ I Camilla nl Ir nrsiniK'nl iiiiv liirlli It lias lii'i'ii sill llial Nl linilHwic'k raiinnt lir iiiailr In rslriiil In llir wrslwaril nf llir iiirriiliaii rf tlii! miimi'l' of llii: .Saint C'roi\ rivir. ll lias also liron slmwn lliat Nrw Dniiivwiik (■annul I'Mi'liil In Ihr iinrlliwaril nf tin: liii;lilanil riiiiur |irn(rril- in^ frniii llir lirail of fliu Hair ili s (■|iiilriii's In llir sniirrrs of tlir ('nnnrrliciit rivrr; ami il raiinni lii; nccrssary to riilrr inin an arLjuiiiriil In |irin.' iliat " llir " ilnciiinrnt rt'porltil in havr lirrii fmiml in l'ari>," wlii'llirr t'xlstrnt nr nnii-rxislrnl, ran cnir.lilnli! nn imllinrily fnr cnnslriiiii;; llir ilr>:i'ri]ilinns in llir Knval I'r.iclaiiiation and lliu (im-liK; Act. Till' v.iriniislininiil.iry liiirs prnpnsril liy Mr. Wilkiii- mii as ciiiivriiliniiiil liniiinkirirs, nr linrs nl'cnnvriiiriiic, liaviiiu; lirrn Mlir',"'-li'il nil llir ii'-suiiii'il, Inil rrrniirniiv irrniiiiil, lliiil llir iMMiidary lirlwrrn Caiiaila anil .Nr\v i Hriiiiswiik- woiilil puss alnn^r ijiii nmi-r nnrll.rni r.ini,'r (if lii:,'lilamls, il is nf iMiirsr iiiimrrsMiry In rniir inin a ' rniisMl.Talinii n( llirir inrrils. ('aiiaila claims no rmi- vrnlinnal liniimlary, nn linr nf (.'iin\riiirm;r : Slir , nirrrly asks In lir put in pnssrssioii uf llie lands con- i luincd williiii lirr ilrllnrd limitn. I * In the nrirnnirnt of ihr nL'i-nt of Ili» rriliuinir Majrrttv nrforr llin coiiiiiii.ssioinT.'i iiniliT tia' .'ilh arlii'lr iifllir trciily ijf i Ghent in ISiil, is coiituincd llic- folluwina stnlemont, viz;— * • * * " The. nr^fiininit iif the Aiiirn'riiii cimiinissiuiHTs ! " in this ri'L'nr.l i.* iJiiiiiiln! on iJir iisMiiiiiptimi iliat Ihr lliriiirr ' "soiillH'rn hciiiiiiliiry nf Uni'h.'r lay In llir iinrlliHiiril iiflhr ' "Saint Jiihii ami Kisli','iiin-hi', wliii-h iis.-iiMipiion ifl nol' " only L'raliiil.iii'.. liiit inron^isirnl with Ihr (Irsi-ripticin of Ihr i " line, wliii'h coiikl iifnr in Muii msv nnili the lluu r/'i " ClmUuiK." ' » • » * * ♦ Tlip nhnvp trstitnony is parliriilarlv wnrthv nf ronKlilrralion, i na it coinrs from llir prn of Ihi; hoiinriilile \Viinl ( 'hipmuii of I New Dran«ivirk, Ihe pri'sent iliirf iuMii-r of thai I'roviiiir, | who in the Bamr aririiiiniit Kii.«iaiiirif llir prinripli of coiiMru- ing the triaty of 17H3 pcrcniiiloiily, willioiit ri'lrrciicc to I extrancoua auU'.oriti(;8. lilnry liiiaiMiilii'd In hrr l>y tlic must snlrinn ucls of ihe iinprrial gnvirnniriil. \i). 7. RcmarliH nn Slulnitcnln cniivrrniin: l/ic tin.idtliil Innindarn liiw belwcin Ctinmlii aiid Xnr llniim- irick, niiitiuniil in ])i ijiiilclici from lliu E.ntt- Inu-ii Sir William Machiiin (irtir^c Ctilrhrookr, K. II., Lii'iitrncint-dorfnior of i\,ir llniiiniritl;, to the Ui^lit lloiiiinililc Lont '.Sidiitrii, Ihr Ma- jvsly's StcnUiry of Statejhr the Vuluiikn. KXTBACT FIKST. {Dated Frcdericton, N. B, OOM September, 1812.) • * * • " Hi'sidrs Ihr nrdinarv nlijr'-linns In u " riviM- houmiary, Ihr Kislinmichr Wiiuiil lliiis (-11111,11- " liilo a vrry incnnvcniriii Irnnlirr lirlHcrn Canada " and N'ru' jiriinswick, and, rriiirrinn In ihr iiatiirul " principal nf ihr liniimlary srlilrniriit nf n.S;i, (hat nf " II linr alniiL; lliu liinhlands dividiiii; llir walrrs llnw- " ill!,' in oppnsilo dirrrlinn.s, I am inclinod In think that " thr most fli^rihlr line of .srparation lirlwcrii Ihr two " Prnvincr.s, wnulil lir a dirrtt onr, fmin llio Saint " Frani'is to llit' heifrlits wliicli funned llii; limits nftlio " Anierican chiims, and wlii(di tlirir siirvryors cxplor- " od in iho la.st yoar, nml along tlio.se liriglils to tlio " eastward. " The intersection, by .siicli n lite, of ilm sireanw in " llie liii;lilands is of liltio (:onst(|u(!ncc ; bnt when I' they (le.seend and lieconic navigable it is manliest (bat " in 11 new rounlry, acces.slblo only through its rivers, " a line either intersecting or dividing the rivers " and (heir tributaries is ralcnlated to produce a con- " flict of jiirisdiclion, and for a time, tlic occupation of L tn •' 11. " " till' iiitcriihili.iln li iriiiirv liv ii liivvli'*s {iii|iiiliiliiiii. "Til |irr\c'iil llii' ilisjiiili'-i iiii-'iii^ Iniiii lliiM' (iiuM> " WilNlillS iiHlvIv llll' illlrlJllnll lll'llll' IHX"'''''"!'"'' I^'^'li " 1111(1,11 ili'|i,ii'liii'i' rniiii llic |irliii'l|ilr iiilii|>li'(l liy llinrj " \\,>* tliii iMiiiHinii III till' ili»|iiili's liiiw hiil'liilij IcriJii- " IlilltMl." KXI'IUIT HM'llNn. {Datfd Freihrittoii, A'. B. I Uh i\iweiiihvr, IS 13.) " I ri'ijn't tliiil ll is iiii|irni'liriilili> In rrrniii ill' llic '* vifiWH 111' ilir tw.i |irii\ iiii iiil Kiivcrnriii'iils ; liiil, iis ,i " ili'ciili.'il ii|iiiiiiiii it lii'ii' riilirliiiiii'il lliiil ('iiiiiiilii piiH- " W'sNi's nil I'hiiin wliiili'i I'l' III liliv Irli'ilni't siiiilli iil In r " Niiiillirrn liiiiiiiil.irv, uh ili'liiicil in (ho (jiiilrc Act, li\ " llic riiiii{i' 111" hills lAn'iiiliiii; wrstWiiril Iriiiii llic liiail " iil'thu Iliiii' ili'M Cli.ili'iirs, ami llirri' lii'inu; in fiiit im " (ilhtT lini' III' liilU niirilivviiril nl'llii' S.iint.liilin, wliirli *' ciinlil liv liny liiwsiliiliiy cnnsliliiir lirr simiiIiitii linnn- " il.iry, lliii inlriniriliiili' liTrilnry in iiiirsliim, wliirh " WHS ilninii'il liy till' Aiiiiiii'.ins, iircissiinlv ti'MTlril " III lliis IViiviiuT wImii lliiil cl.i;!!! was ii.liiii|iii>liLil " liy lln! iriiily ni' \Va.'.|iini;(iin." 'II lliir |ll'ii|l«/ llii' linr iiisiKif I'll In liir.il III Main t'lir llirit |iin'|iiiM'. Tin' Wi-Nicrii |i.ii'l, a> ili'M rilii'il liy ||i\ iiiir, iiliiii(> rciimiiik (•> lie tMiinitiiMl. It imn lie Miii lliiil Urn Kvi •IIiih \ c niii. iiiiiii I « \i\ ■illiiiiiiii)( lliit i>|iiiiii>ii I'lilt rliiiiird lit .Vrw l(lUII>Wi>k, " llhll I'lllhlll.l |il»M'«M « Ihi I l.illil wli.il- " r\ir III nil) triiiinit Hiiulh nl licr xiiilhnn hiwinla- " /■!/ a^ ill lillC'll III (111' (^llrilll' Ac I, llV llir rilllK'' III " liilU cMiliillliH wr!>l«iiril /|I>;|| till luilil «l llii' ll.iii' " ill's ('liiilrin'K." Tliiii ii|iiiiiiiii, KIM li'iirly iiiiilr\|iluiil) kiiiii'il liv ills I'.M'i lli'iii'v, IS iiiiiiit ciiriliiilb I'oiiiiiirril ill nil till' jMirl III i'liiiiiilu. Iliii, wliili' sill' I'litln ly i'iM'il \i\ Ills I'ai rill III V, (illMllLl I'Mrlllls lli'l lilllll III till' /(i'iii('//i/i' iii\iiKi'il ilii 11 ill, mill IN i'i|iiiillv niii- t nil I il lliul Sirw llniliswiik |ii.vs<'ssrs iifi iLiiiii ulhil. I'vri 111 inn Iriiiimv »•(■«/ nl' In r irmlnn ht»iiiilitr)i, lis ill lliii'il liv l( llir " mnilliirii lioiiiiiliiii/ iij iiiir I'liwinw ii/ iiutbrv," Ills I'aci'IIiiii \ , llir l,irillilimil-(iiivi'rniir nl Nrw lllilllsSMrk, ll|i|N'.ils liowrvrr, In IhlM' lilllilril Ills lii'lil'l' III llli' {irllii i|i|r III' ili\nkiil In llil' s|>r' lill llisi' uliirli III' ll.lil llli'il 111 I'i'Li.illl III (illlilllil, liil' III llir Mlllir M II- ti'lici- wlirir llial lirlii I is iivnWi il, In' |i|ii(i I'lls In slnlr tliiil nrl.iiM jimls III llir Aini'i'ii nii rlaiins ( wliirli rlaims Wri'i' liiiuiiili'il In llii' I'dul li\ llii' iili'liliCiil lllii' liiiiiliijiii^ Nrw Itlllliswirk In till' Wisl ) " iiifl'ifKllfilll li'H'lliil " In Nrw llriiiiswirk wlii'ii ii'liiii|iii>lii il liv till' .Aiiii'ri- tails: III iillirr wnrils, llial \i'\v Itiiiiisw ii li, wlllinnl liin ail ni',iiim'\ali.iii, (icfciAil/lV// In'iaini' I'hsm'smiI di' li'irilnry In tin' ices/ nl' In r wislirn hniiniliirij. Tin- inline 111' liills, ini'iiliniiiil In His l'',\n'll<'li<'» , as t'Mi'Milini; Wi'slwniil linln llir Irnil nl' lln'llair ilrs CLi- Iriiis, ami rnriiiiii'^ llir Miiillniii liniiiiilary nl t'niiaila fii'iniiliiii; In llir (Jill Ki'i' Ai I, is till' Iriir raii;;i', rlaini- ril liy l.'aiinila, iis ilrliTiniliili'^ llir |i<( llie we.slirn limit nl' Niw- Hiimswirk, ami in illli-r lliat siicli Irrrilniy, I'nr snmr rrnsnlis nr i;rniiliils wliirli llis Kmi'IIi iny lias nm rsiilainnl " urctHnarili/ " rrvrrlcd" in tlic I'nn inrr nl Nrw hiiiiiswirk, wlieii .A|i|K'n.l.x, Nl). HO Inlincr elaiiiii'd liV llir riiilril SlnliS. ll Iiiiisl lint ■ii .111.1 . 0. )„, |',irj;iitien lliat our nl' the |ilin('i|ial arnnmriils nl" Grral liritaiii, o|i|nisi'(l to tliu I'MiMiili il ilaiiiis nf llir Uliilril Stales, was, lliat a lar;;e lierri'ilarv «'i;;iiinrv In tlir iiiti'iinr nl' ihr tract wliieii His Excellency I'laiiiis as nece.isarili) rrvertiiii; to Nrw Hruiiswiik, was iiicniiti'stilily part nf Caiiaila, and had t'xi.sted as Nucli sincu tliu year ICHJ. His Excellency cannot linve liecn nwaro (lint the Biilisli triivcrnment cnuld not adnpt his cimdusiuns withnul Howdeclarinij that the sainn territory Was, and ever hud been, a part of Xew Urunswiek. No. 8, ('oiiKiilirnliim of ('liiimn, on thf fiurl of rilhrr Pro- vinrr, lo Snlionii of /Ac Dinfiulid 'I'lriilori/ iin tliv niiiiiiul of III liiiil iKiniifiiiiuin, ur tlir cari'i Lie i>f lirniounjiinniliiiitin. j III llie Inreuniii^ ri \ ii'W nf llir viiriniis and disi nrdiint lerriliirial i lailiis, iii.iile nn In linlt nl' Nrw llniiisHn k, \vi liiiil llinl snrli rinims liaM' In en limilulit lnr\Miiil in mnsl rasrs williniil the sliejilisl iilli inpl In jirnM' llirir \ nliilily , lliii merr nssi itimi nl' {irivair npiiiinii cniisti- lining' nn ari;iiiiii'iit in llnii Mi|i|iiirl. ! \Nr also rnid llial ill inir iiisidali d < asr, ul.rro rii- ll n III r In alllllnrilil s NMis ,tllrm{ili i| in sllppnlt nf t|iu ^ Miiil I lailiis, llr risiill nl llir nllrlnpl nlilv MTM d In slmw, mnir I Irarly, llias llinse i lailiis wnr at Vnriaiiro witlii'vrry li'i;iiiiiiiili' aullmriK, iiimI wliolly destitutu I III' any snlnl rnninlnlinii, [ ll Ih ceilainly a i iirimis i'ai I that while llnis perlinn- ciniisly IlisisiJM; mi Mi|i|inM'i| i Iniins, nf llir linliirr ill ipii stinri, till' srvi rnl |iailii's, rinplnyi il I'nr llial |iiirposu nn lii'hairnr Nrw lirilliswii k, slimild he iiiinlilr lo ai;ri r in rrlalimi to the nnliire nnd exteiil nl ihosit I Iniiiis, mill sliniild I'liliiely lad in mliliieini; any aii* ihnrily gi\ili); >i i in iMii the enlnr nf \uliilily, Il canniit hi Niippusnl llmt these i niisideralinlm liavn e>c,ipril the ii|iM'r\ nlimi i>f Ihr aillhnrilirs in NrW llriiiisw il k, and, milwilhslanilin^ ihr Innr nf eniili- ilrlier Willi wliii'li llir plrleiisiiins nf ihni I'mt ilieo liaM' I'i'i'ii lii'niit;lii fnrwaril, it is e\ iilrlil llinl llir\ am still \ iriiiiilly nmlrliiird, nml, iinlrss aliamlnni d alln- U;rther, mnsl nlliimilfly lesnlve ihrlnselves iiiln a claim Inr II new, nihilrnry and plinly cnnvenlinnal hnuil- ilary. Opillinlis liaM' ah'i ndy In en n|ieiily rxprrsscd in the /\|.|viiiiij,\,., h i;islnliirr nf thai I'nuimr, fully Mihsiaiilinliiiii; the "''i •''■'."' "ml aliinr enmlnslniis. (Inr mnnlnr nf the li't,'islalivu niniicil irinarki ll in di hnlr ilml " llir milij /lonitive " iliiiiii Ilml iS'iio Uniiiswiil. had Uillir MinlniriiS' " kii Hrllliniriil iriin ii fill' jiiiltn aliorr. llir (Ininil " rull",'''' whiih wniiid iinply a emu iilinii In llieM,,,, u, ^pinker, ihal llir ri'/liU nf New lirniis.' irk Irrmiiiaird at thr (Inr imrlli hiir passing S.iiiit .Inlili a few miles ulinve the (Iraml Kails. .\iiiillirr meiiihrr nf the salne lindy, while disnissing a pinpnsed nil asiire I'nr rrrclini; a new parish in Mada- wnska, nhsiTVi ll tlint " hr eerlailily ihniight lliey " sliniihl wail iililil that diHieiillv (the hniindarv line) " was Mllli'd,J)el'nii' liny mnilr a divislminf ihe parish, " iniiiinildil;/ lis il won proliiihlr Ilml viir of llie " jiiiri.tlirn ,s/;(7.(;i ()/', woufi In: uul of the jurisdic- " Iwii of thr J'rovincc. " Spiakiim nn the sanie (|iieslion it Was remarked in ihni ilehiile, liy niinlhrr inrinhrr, that he " coiiHidernl " il ll niii.st iilmiird wni/ of lri(i»lulinf; lo atlr>iii>t to " jHiHS a hill for thr divii'liiiK of a iiirixli, ofufiuh, " i;i (/// iirobiihilil;/, a ttrral piiii irhin the linrs hr- \ " Iwrrn thr tiro I'roriiicrs irerr srlllrd, would he I " out of the jurisdiction of the Province alto- j " gether. " A memljer of the liniise of af^semhly (also one of the Apiicndii Na executive council of New Brunswick) slated (hut (he 3». boundary question " was n dillicult one, and should lio " dealt with v('ry cautiously, for the government at " home had done rvery thing in their power to ad- '' Dance the claims of this Province " (New Bruns- wick) , 'r •si.il, .Null" ,A|.,.| A,,,„| irf [•^1 ] A|>|rn>lit Nil, :ti. II! w li- te iro tit- im HI- the A|>|viiiltx,No. ilj,. :ii', ill), IIIiiikI ' II. IVO ive (IH- uid 'Ik' M.I1. U. Inl ilfS ihi- lify ,u.) i>li, the Ik- in inl t to if A, bf. I he Ito- '"6 Ap|irnilix,N'o. the 3'J. I lie f at ad. UIIV Sliitfinrnl, A|l]H'llilll, •in mA 'JO. On iiihillirr iiriii'i rminnl in llir iiiillir 111 till' Sinrii'lull, run iil|iriMili llii' ,ii I iif ll ii'lril|i'ili' lull Sliilr, iiiili">K i'\|l Niw llruiiN- Willi III iriimvi' mill iaIiihI ihc miijiiiiil liniili ii««ii;lii'il (lull l'i'ii> iiii'i', ll IS i>t jilinl llml in i'> ii'iiilini; liir kiiiiiIs, mill iilli'lii|iliiii,' III |iii>li liir ri(ll .irisillrliim lirtMinI • liiiir liniii-<, sjii' liiiK ijiini' nniliiiiK wlijili rmi miiiiil nr inijimr llir loni' iil' llir Itny.il iirm liiiiuilinn ul' I'iti.l; (lir illl|ilM'iill All III' 177 I, linii llir i|i'si'|j|i||>i|i III' llir liiiniiihirirt 111 Nmii Snilm iii ;;ivi n in llir (iiixrriiiir'i ('iininiiHiiiin in I7li:l, miil Niiiri> ninliiiiiril In ilir Miinr ssi.jiin smirijiinnl liv mi mi- llmrily inliriur In llii' Cniwii mid |i.irlimiii'nl, rmilil xivti II liilr III liny III' llir liTiiiury In i{iii'siiiin) Ni'w lliiinsw Ilk riiriiinl rmiiiil rvrn ii rii|iirilili', y it niiiy lit' wril liiirlly In n rrvsiuii or lArnist' nl ' jiiri.silirtinn, I It liiiN already Ih'i'Ii kIicwii lliiit in piiliiic Artit of Nuw •i' Hrniijiw'irk in 17fi.") and I'lHti, tlii'|insiliininrilii! wiiilli- ^■,l cm liniiiidiirv of lla" I'mvinrr nl (^iii'licr i.s ri'muin^'d as ('\ti!inliiii{ wi'Nlcrly and miuiIi-wi suvarilly from ilm Uuiu Aks ('liuli'urs. tlllli' ill's Cllilli'iirii In llir riirr Slillil Jnlill, iiml Wiilllil slllkr ll al nr liiiir llli' (ililllil Kails, In iisi i il.iin u Im |i, iiiid nmri' |iiisilivi'ly di'lrriniiii' llii' Kilijiilinii, aiul • \> |iliiii' llli' llli I' nl llir ii'iinlri, lliiv ri i|iii'»lrd M', S|iriiulv til ri'tnrn wiili iln in In iIh' (iriiiid VM%, 'I'liis III- ri'fnsMl III llli, sa\ inir llml liii |iri'i inimlv I'nnnivnl n|iiiiiniis wi ir iiniilirnilili', anil hr was liniiiid In nlisirii' liriirriil ( 'mliiiin'ii ( lliii l.ii nliiimii (invir- imr's) Inslrmiiniis wliiili wirn llml In nlmidd lir ^n. uriinl liy lliii (jni'lHT Ail " wlmli ililirin % lliiit " liiiiinilari In l.iki' llii> liiulilmnls wlmli div air iIhim' A|,|«i " wiilirsilml i'ni|ily llii nisilvrs inln ilir iivir Saint ''V " l.awri'lni' Imiii iIiiim' wlmli lall inln lliii Alluillli " t)ii,in.' " illl,.\v Appiinilii.Nu. Ali'iul till! same lime dniilitN iH'gnn tn liu riiiiicd, by ■••' individuals in tlial I'mviiin', in ri'jjanl In llir |Hisiliiiii nl' llio sainr liniinilary, and, in .Inly I7S7, lliu ris|iirli\r Unvnrmni'iils nrt^iH'lti'i: mid Niw liiuiiswiik a|i|ininiid liiirsiins In rrjiair In lla' (iniitd Ftilln of llie Siiiiil John, tn inciil lliiri' fnr lliv |iiiiiinM! nl llmii Nulllilig llic linundary line lirtwurii llio two I'lnvinces. Mr. S|irnuli', iIhj Surveyor Cieiiernl of New Unins- wiik, was a|i|ininlrd I'nr this siTviie on lioliall' nftlial i'rnvince, and Mr. .Inliii llnlland, a('rnin|>aiiied liy Mr. Kiiilay, was deputed un tliu part of Qiii'liee. A|i|ii.|iJii,N<), The respective parties met, not at the Grand Falls, "*'-• as directed in iheir inslrniliniiM, lint in the Acadian set- tlement, oppnsile Madawa.ska. Mr. Sprnule, wlin had iwsiied the place appoinled for their liieeliiifr, staling that he conceived his waiting fur the genlleiiian from Canad.1 to lie totally unnecessary, and that he was then on his way to tlie carrying place, In'tween the river Saint Lawrence and Lake Temiscouata, as il was there (according tu his idea) that the boundary ought to be fixed. On the oilier band, Mr. Holland anil Mr. Finlay maintained that the heights of land extended from the G Ml. Sprmilr accoriliiiulv ilipiirlid, c mliiiiiing hit will III the 'rriiiisi iiimla rnflane, wliile llie nlliur party Weill III till' (iraiiil Falls, Thus liriniimled llie lir-:l alleinpl In Irace llie luiiiii- ilm\ Inn, liilwriii Cmmilaanil New lliuimwii k, nii the lari' nf llni rnnillry. (Ill I'Xaniining the prnci eiliiii;s adnplid mi liilmlf nf N'i'W lliniiswak, even ill llml cmii|ianilivi'h ril'inle |ii null, I'nr ihi'i'viileiil piir{iiisi' 111 ainidiiiu'iir evading an i'\.iliiilmlinll nf llli' pail nj' llir rniiiilrv w lieri' llie luiiiii- ilary liee iiiiiMt of iiniMnilil hove iiiiimrd, we have In ri';;ri'l lli.il im evnli'in e isiliemi' iiiliralile, warrmilitig llie lii'liel' ihat il was iheii llie iiilinlinn nf ihe aulliori- lil'snf \i'W ll'linswirk III allnw the pnsilinli nf the line, ill sirilied ill llie I'mi hinialinii nf |7li:) and the (^111 lii'i' All, to he lirmiglit In the test of a practical survey, I The inslrnctions nf the Liiuieiinni-Ooveriior to Mr. Sprniile cniilaiiii'il nil asMiinid iiilerprelalimi nf the liili<>iiai;i' iiM'il in the ilesrripliniis nf the Minllierii liiiiili- iliiri iif ({iiehec, this assiiMied iiilerpretalinii iiilriiilui ing liinilaliniis lint cniilailird ill the descriplinn, and carrying nn its lace llir ^lalll|) nf lieing incnrrecl and insiisceptilile n| any prarlnal appliciilinn. Fnr lla di'Mriplimis aliiive rifined In, iln iinl assnnie, or lender il nei I'Nvary, llial the liii;lilaluls .sprciliciilli ilisi rihed should ai liially exlenil up In Ihe jiair iles Chalenrs, .and if there was In he any iliilelinite space where the line had In he e\teiideil liy inli'lcnce or I'rnin cnllaleral aiillinrilv, linw cniild llie Lienti'naiil-(inveriinr lie jiisti- lii'il iiiallirniiiii; willioiil e\aniiiialimi, llml the lioiindarv II iK'lwerii llie two I'rnvinces passiil ainiig the pailicnhir \i ranu'e nf highlainls? — It was nlivimisly imi>o.iiiiblf. thai his assnined iiiterpri'laiinii cniild he the true one, ami ' yel, iiniler these iiistrnclions, Mr. Spronle went Mill 1 Inrlherand rel'nsed to cn-nperale in an rxdmimilinn of the eniinlry adininiiig the head nf the Dale de« Chaleurs, In which il was |Misilively and indispul. "cessary I that the linnnilari slinnld extend. ] The only course which he would consent to adopt I was that of proceeding to place the houndiirv at the ' Tfinincouala I'orlaifi; a pofnt sitnated more' than 5(1 j' inih's outside of the jion.iUde limits of New Hrnnswick, it being so lar to the west of the meridian of any one of the sources of the Saint Croix, Tlio aliove proceedings have lieen often referred in nn the part of New Hrnnswick, as furnishing evidence of the existence of insurmountable dilliciillies in the ] way of tracini; the boundary lino according to the original descriptions given of it by tlio Crown and ♦ Tliin w.is nn error. The woriis " Allaulic. Oeean " nrfi useil in llie Iri'iily of 17S:i. lint not in llie Uuelier Ai'l, where " llir Si'ii " Is llie lerni ailnpteil. The iliirereni:e is of no im- porluiK-e in roniiirning Ihe ilescriptioni of the souttiem boun- dary of tlie Province of (Quebec. [-'^1 Mi|. A. ^,.ll■ h'l' Appt'iuhx Mi.|. H. Apiwiiilix, ■1.) and 'M. parliiiDi-'iit, wlii'nic tliu inlLTi'iuii liiis liocn drnwii, by (lint I'roviiicf, lliMt it will ilovnlvi' im Hit Miiji'Mv's i;overnnHiil liirMiililiNli a iifW,t:i)iivt'iiliiiiml or urliiliiiry iiiii' III lionniliiry liciwi'iMi lliii two I'roviiitcs.* It is impossihlf to iidiiiil tlio Iriitli of tin allrgations nl)0V(! MiiMili 'tied or lliu iiil't;rru(0 altfiiiiiliil to lie ilrawn lioni llicm. 'I'liu c•o^lr^e tal-fii bj- the novcin- ini'iit ol Ni'W Uiiinswii k, on tlie o(as.,ioii rilintil to, wi-i, Hs liaN biiti ^lloWll, tliu Mil. tailM' wliirl. iiivvfiitiMJ tluMiecu.ssarv iiivoligatloii into the iiiciitsortlifi|Ui!,tioii. Till! case was |ii(iuclniil on tin; part ol lliat I'loviniv, but the leMilt hi.s sliowM that the jialgineiil was wroiii;, us the boumlarv on whicli Mr. S|iroiilu ii.sistid was not the liouiithnv iil' the (JiiuIk'c All, Imt !>ii entirely new IS one, whieli woiilii never have reaeheil the head ol' the Uuie dt'S Cliutenrs. | I A proieedini,' of this nature on the part of Mr. Sproule and his positive refusal to enter upon any | exainiiialion of thi! eountry cxteiidini; from the Haie i des Chaleurs, where it was indisputable thai the boun- J dary line iimut pass, cannot be adduced to prove the ' Lxi'steni^e of any real dillieully in tiie way of tracing; !! the line aceordiiii,' to tlie onuinal descriptions. It merely proves lliiil ilie aulliorilies of New Hrunswick ;j wished to avoid, and did avoid, an examination of the ' rounlry, i!':d tliereliire of the merits of llicr (pu-stion, and this may conslruclively be coiisideied as an admis- sion on their part that they were then apprehensive that such an cxainiiiatiuu would prove fatal to their preteii- biuiis. That a complianc'o, on Mr. .Sproule'spart, wilii Mr. Ilolhimrs request, to proceed to make these examina- tions Would have placed the merits of the t[iieslioli beyond the reach o| any pretended doubt, is now u ^„ mailer of certaintv, as is evident from iiiformalion suli- seipienllv aripiired, and particularly from the Royal Coumii!i.sioiiers in ISJU— 10. Tlu> subject of tlie ac'ual exercise of jurisdiction over dilli'reii' parts of the disputed territory, by either ol'tlie two I'ruvintes, comes ne.xt luider tonsideiation. Heginiiini; with that portion of the disputed territory lyini; to the wvst of the due north line from the river Saint Croix, and soutli of the river Saint John, the oldest ^lalit IS llii^ Canadian seij^niory of Madawaska and lake , rcmiscoimta, conlainini^ about :i7!),400 English slatute , acres. |- I M.11. 1). Four years iifier (in I7!M) the (lovernment of \|^ [■, New lirunsuick iiiade a similar grant of sundry farm lots aloii<; the north shore of the river .Sidnl John, con- tainini{ toijether J^.'i:i aerts, and a like allowance for highways, the two grants, thus made, contuiiiiiig !)6I3 Y This trnct was granted by the government of Canada ill the vear ItibJ, and as observed in the llritish Stale- ineiit on the sulijeei of the American boundary " has " jireserved its individuality under the original grant, " and has conslaiitly been, and is at ibis moment sub- " ject to the jurisdiction of Canada." The next grant within the same tract was made by the government of New Urunswick in 1790, and con- sisted of a number of farm lets, lying on the north shore of the Saint John river, containing together iiii 1 acres, with 10 per cent, allowance for highways. I I, 'H'2.') and '820 two othe. .n lots were granted ' by :..e authoriiy of .New Urunswick, in the .same vi- cinity Willi tho>e beliire nieiilioiied, containing, respec- tively '2M and .'iOO acres, the whole amount so grant- ed coiitaimng 7llii.i acres with the highway allowanci, or, a fraction less than 7770 acres ullogether. As ii is upon tlici"; grants that the " Kuii/ i/ears <'/'y\|,|,.iiiiu,N,, imnsi ssion" spoken of in the New Urunswick I.egis-ll. latiire, IS founded, it may be well to examine thefouial- atioii and relative merit:, of that claim, as compared w li adverse claims louuded on similar facts whicii exist un the purl of Canada. The tract of country where these grants were made Ai.priulix. No by -New Urunswick was supposed to be (as it actually '•■'• •'" ■" "'"' was and siill is) an integral part of the I'rovince of" t^iebec or Canada ; and, accordingly, the latter Pro- vince exercised jurisdiction over the Madawaska sellle- nient u|i to the year \''.)i. This jurisdiction of Canada had been called in (luestion by New iJrunswick pre- \ ious to that period, and in 17'JO, as befjre mentioned, the authorities of that I'rovince, hud issued grants for •I JU I acres of hind in the settkmeuts. The Canndiau jurisdiction scem.s to liuvc been finally interriipled in 179;;, by the caiiture and abduction of an oliicer employed under the authority of Cunuda to execute a civil st'rvice. This forcible intrusion on the previously existing riglns of Canada, wii.s made by i.:: individual acting as a magistrate under the uiithoriiy of -New iJrunswick, who lu the same year and previous to this transaction, had assembled lla^ iiihubitants of the settlement and caused new militia ollicers to be elected Ap|irmlii,No. by a majority of voices, although there were already ;>-. |iidper oliici^rs there duly appointed by the uulhorily of the governmeiil of Canada. The riglii jurisdiction wiis Ibereforo first exercis- ed over Ibis .settlement by the government of Quebec, as far back as the year 1777. New Uruiiswick after- warils set up an undelined claim to the territory wherein the selllemenl was {■itiialed, but refu.w.d to cooiierate iu any exploration for ascertaining the true position of the boundary line, by wh! h the i^uestions slic had raised could be lin«lly decided. \|(irn(t J * In DIM! (if t!:e dis|)iiti:hi's of His Fxcelloiicy the Lirutoiiaiil- Go . eriior of .\cw iiruiiswink. jirinleil, with (illier docuiiiciils concirniiif; the houndiiry line, by onler of the Aesciiilily ol lli.it Province in Kebruiiry, Ihll, is cuiilaljieil the li)ili)wiiig Kehteiifc : — '• Tiio taiUiie of lormer iilteinptj to deJiiie the '■ hiiuiiilary Icivibj me to aiipriheiid that tlie prtsoiu will lie '• iiiually uiisiKToMul, ami, that it will devolve on Ilir " Majesty's Kovurniiioiit to establish eucli a cn.iventioiial line " an will be but cakulated for lliu ijiterests of tlic two I'ro- t For a knowledge of the superficial contents of this seignio- ry, I am indebted to the kindness of Andrew Kussell, esipiirc, «f Uic Surveyor General's deimrtmeut, Ctuiiulu.— A. W. She next proreeilcd to make an attempt to wrest from llie I'rovince of Quebec the pos.session then uc- lually enjoyed by the latter over the Madawa.ska set- tlement, and to substitute her own in its place; uiid during the existence of the conllicting jurisdiction of the two Provinces, arising out of that attempt. New /..irrmjii N,,. j Brunswick executed the grant of 43G1 acres iu the .'la. same settlement. This was in the year 1790. The : arrest anil abduction of the Canadian oliicer in 1792, ! the ekdion of new odirersof militia in the stUtlement I the same year, and tlie subsequent grunt in 1791 of ! iihi acres of land in the vcinity oV the first grant, ! complete the series of unauthi.rised acts on behalf of i New Brunswick, in forcibly attempting to ucquirG jurisdiction over, and pos.sc,.sio!i of tiiat portion of terri- tory then uud previously ir ibe rightful possession of Canada. It i» evident that tlio Vandaries of colonial de- pendencies, like the British Ameiicun Provinces, can only be a-ssigned them by the authority of the Metropo- litan Stale, and, it is only the same authority which is. Apju'ii [23] Assuniiiii; timt tlic iiiiiiutliorized rxtiriisn of jiirisdic- timi, on the [liirt of Ni'W Hrunswiik, omt ihi; Mii- (lllWHskil Nl'lllt'lllt'lll CIIIMII"'IIC'Im1 111 nilO, !lt tlill (lull! 1)1 llic gram dI'-UUI iicriis ; iillowliinllu; i;r.iiil at Hi) I, Hriil llmst! Ill' 1^-J j iiiul \>^Hi to bf uililcd li) ilii- ruriiiiT, uiul wu liiivu (mldiiif; to llii'ir sum llio 1(1 piT niil. ul- lovvuil liir liii^liways) u lolal aimiuiil of soiut-'lliiii!; less tliun 7770 ucn.'s of liiiid acliially i;iimliMl liy lliat I'ro- vincf, niid <;oiistitiiliii!5 llm solo foiiiidalioii liir its <'laini to an\ jiosMssoiy ri^lit, tliis mi claiiiii'd right, taken ill the most exlended LiMistriictioli, haviii;; lireli iiiiconslitiilioiudly oblaiiied, only ul yeais back from the [iruiiulil time. Against this assumiMl possession, Canada • in the Appendix. In the Legislative Acts of New Brunswick for a Apii™ilii,NA considerable period, every allusion to the northern -'''■-|Jj "> -' boundary of that Province was made by simply refer- "'" ring it to " the southern boundan/ of Canada, " without asserting that the Ristigouche river, or any other specially defined position, constituted such boun- dary. The same form of description was used as late as in rtiiiKndii.No. 1837, when the county of Ristigouche was set oll"'^''' from the county of Gloucester. Previous to that A- . however, in 1814, we find that New Brunswick in other legislative Acts, virtually assumcc that the Kistig.ucho river constituted her noithen lioimdary. In the Statute of that Province, 54 Geo. 3. cap. 17, the (larisli of Beresford is described as beiLg bounded " easterly, northerly and nortliwe-st- " wanlly by the Bay of Chaluur and the river Ris- " tigouche, including Heron Islands and the Islands in " the said Ristigouchu river. " Again, in another Act of the New Brunswick Lo. Apjicnilii, No. ^islative (in 182C) the limits of the county of Glou-^' cester, then set off from the original county of North- umberland, were declared to embrace the parishes of [24] li Siiumarcz and Beresford, tlie lullor Imviiig k-cn (li?»- i of Miramiclii, llio terrilory lii>rili;riiii? on llie Inltcr cribt'd, (lis U'lbri) invntiimcd,) as cxlending lo thi' ' rivor, ami as I'.ir in llic mmiiIi as tlii' 4(illi dcirrcu iil' Ristigoucliu riviir. Amirnilu.No. Lasllv, in 1H37, the county of RisCijjmicliu was '-'<< orvulod aial di's<:riU'd as lontainini; " all llir.t |iurt of " llu) siiid (M)unty ol' CilouiL'sttT, wliicli lirf^ lo llio " norlliwurd and wustwiird and is linludLiI within tin " line drawn due south from the mouth of thi' Hcllu- " dune rivi'r until it stril^i's tin; linu divldinj^ tlio pari- " slit's of IJi'ii'sford and Ualhuist in tlio said county — " iliunrc .vi'slirly hy tliu line dividini; tlu; luuntiis of " NortlMlinlirl'laiid and Ciluuri'StiT until it strikes the " lino dividini; tho county of (larleton from tl.u [jresent " cDuntv of Cilouccslri,— ihen< r hy thu said line a " iiorthoriy course nnlil it strikes the line of the " Province of Cuiiada." It appears then from the lan^un);e used in her Lcgis- hilivi! eniicinients, that New jtrunswiek virtually Miaintaiiieil at various limes the following positions conLerning the southern Unuidary of Canada. Isl. — In 17.S(i, that the northern limit of N'orthumher- land county, was coincident with tla^ southern line of the Province of Quehec, now Canada. ■2nd. — In IHIJ, that the north-westernmost parish in that county was hounded to the northward by the Ristigouche river. y\(i|i<-n.lii,No JJrtl. — In 1826, that the then new county of (Jlnuces- ter, which was taken from the north part of Northum- lierland, included the same northernmost parish of NorthuinlM'rlanl)C'tiili] ■\|>|«!iuli> A[i]M<||JiX| 12, [20] i ApiH'iiiliit, N»i II. Mn). B. I' ( A|>|i4'iiili >, N" II A|i|iriiilii, Ni> to 11- hi' ml 1(19 lilt' dta K>S- liirt L(- 'iili tilt! I1M1 Bt'S- )rc- iintl sot' licli I|M1- iict, inis- Iht^ tilt; iilii, t!rf- liist intlt! tilt; tion I'illg Ma|. A. ifcw ihort aim, til.! part, lant- sem- wry, /\[i]K'n.iix,No, i:„ii,|-."J, Licenses to cut timlxT in ililU'rcnl jiiirt.s ol' tin- torri- tory, lyiiii{ tietwttun tlio MuilawiiNka, Saliil Fraiii'.j.s and Saint Juliii'ii rivvrs, liiitl Ih'i'ii graiiliMl to tlillrreiit iiidi- vidualM liy tliu guvurninviit of Canada. 'V\w iiiillairitit'.s of Nuw Uriinswick rel'iiwd ti> nulior the tinilM.'r, taken by virtUL' of sucli lii^ensuit, to pass tliruiigli that I'ni- vinco until tlitj full pricti uf tliu tiinlxir was again paid tti tliL'ir uwii govt'riununt. To thuso terms the purclinscrs were iililigi'tl to suli- mi*., or to sulltir the entire forteiture of llieir tiniU'r. But this was not all the loss to which thi^y were suh- jectud by the New lirunswick goveriiinenl. They were treated as otlenders against the laws of that Pro- vince and made to pay fines or penallies, cxfi't'diiig the first cost tif the limber, as sold by the governineMt uf Canada. * It will now be slitiwn that thisindircrt assiiinplion of territorial right on lli' part of New liniiiswiik, was made in violation of the positively evpresxil cuMiiiiaiids tit the imperial goveriiineiit, and in the fiici! ol' a valid and uninterrupted excriuse of jnrisdiflioii over ihc same territory, on the part of Canada, from llin liirie of the first setlleineiius or grants made, in lliat jiarl of the country, by the governiiieiit of Fiance. A|ii«:aJii(, No. In n confidential despatch from Sir (ieorge Murray ''• to Mr. Jiresident IJIack, of New Uniiiswiik, dated .S(h April, mJU, and printed under an ordi r of the assem- bly of New Hrunswick, of the Kith Keliriiary, 1811, that Province was strictly forbidden to extend her ju- risdiction further to the liorlhwanl than the moulh of the Madawaska river, while, at tli(! same lime, slie was allowed to continue the exercise of jurisdielion ("as heretofore") over the settlement along the Saint John river and other parts of the disputed territory. — No. Now, New Hrunswick had never exercisi.'d jurisdic- tion over any territory in the interior, to the luMth of the portii) of the Saint John river, then referred lo, but, on the contrary, such territory had ever conliiiuetl to remain under the jurisdiction of (/anada. In the some confidentinl despatch it was also sinieil that it was " advisable for the government of [..ower " Canada to mainUiin and exerci.se its jiirisi^ 'ion " over the lake Temiscouata and the river Aladav, .islca " (jiiite down to the aforesaid grant, to Simon Hubert, " at its inuuih. " It has been alleged, in relation to the pa.ssage above copied from Sir George Murray's despatch, that the limits of jurisdiction, to be maintained by Canada as therein ilescribed, were only inlendeil lo inchidi! the lake Temiscouata and llie river MadawiLska, with the shores in their immediate vicinity. It can easily be shown thnt the text does not admit of so limited a construction. In the same sentence of the despatch where the limits of Canadian jurisdiction are so delined, are addiul tiie words " which will incluile the whole fief of Mada- waska ;" an unoquivoi^al expression, showing clearly that it was not the waters and shores of a lake and ri\er alone which wore to remain under Canadian jurisdic- tion. It may be asked to what distance was it then intentl- cd that the territory, remaining within the jurisdiction of Canada, should extend back from the waters of lake Temiscouata and of the river Madawaska ? * 1 wttR recently informed, by one of the parties, that lie was coiiiiwlled, by the authorities of New riruiiswiok, to pay two shilliiiL'n per ton of timber as a fine or ^wnalty, besiclew one Kliilliirjr \wr ton as tlic c.X|)ort duty, while the oii^'iiial price, (Iciiinnded by the government of Canada, was only me ihiUing and eiglu peace for the same quantity. M»M H. l> A|i|)4- patch to co/i/i/iue " «,v /itc<'' A|.;^ u.ilt.N.i. specially lefered lo in llii' conliilenlial ilespateli of Sir''" (ieorge Murray, and it is parliriilarly slated llnTein that the exercise o( Canadian jurisdiction, then deliiied, was lu^cessary, that the conduct of (ircat liritaiii might Ite coiisislrnt with her arguments. As, in her said arguments, Giv.i. ...ilain had as'ii liiis alri'iiily Ix'tiii iiiiswrml ; nIio liiis iiii'irly iiistiliiU'd viirioiis icrriloriiil uliiiins, sii|i|ii)rl((l only liy !>i.iii!iiH'nt.s of viiiioiis uiij cuiitruitktiir^ kinds, uiid iiiNiisi:i'[itiliii! of priNif, His Exci'llency tlio Lipulfniml-Govcrnor of Now ISruiiKwii'k, ill a dV^patcli dated 1 llli of AiiE;iiNt, IHI3, |)rinliil with other dotiiiiienls liy order of tlie New llruiisw'ek AsseiiiWy, (|iiin<^ It of the |Minted copy) ineiitioiis tliis portion of the disputed territory, lis ler- riliiry (ici/uirrd liy tin.' treaty of Wasliiiijrlon, in wliieli the lioiimlary luMween the two I'rovinies had not heeii deliiied. A2;»in, in a des))ali:li of ti;c 14tli NoveuilKir, 1813, (pau'e liM of the said eopy) His Exeelleiicy states, that the same territory, whieh was chiinied by the I'liiled Slates, ncLrumtrili/ reverted to New Hriiiiswiek when that chiiiii was rehiiipiished liy the treaty of VVashinj;- lon ; from whiih we must naturally infer that His K\celleiicy hail eliari(ed his opinion, Hm\ then helieved liiat this territory was iwl a new acipiisition, hut a lemiiaiit of the I'lDvinee of New Hrunswiek, which, hy some evlraordiiiary proiess, had U'come Irunsferred to ihe icvsl side o| the prolongation of tli<^ line from thi' Saint Croix river, formiui; the ivcstirn bounilaiy of New liruijswitk. In ai.otiier dn-irnent eoneernlii!; the hoiindary, from the pell of Mr. Wilkinson, hi-oui;ht lorwanl hy His K\eelleiKy in support of theilaims of New liriinswiik, iVeipielit allusions are made to the " loss of territory" siitieri'd hy New liriiiiskwiek under the treaty of U'asli- ini;lon, * fiolii wheme we are warranted in lielieviiis; tliai Mr. Wilkinson did not a^ree in His Kxeelleiiey's lii'sl opinion, that the teriilory eomprised in the .Ainu- rii an elaiiii and alnrwaiils reliiupiished in the treaty of I. Wushiiigion, was territory newly aeipiireil. It is eer- taiiilv not a link' siu'prisiiii; that His Kxcelleiiey the Lieiiteliaiit-CioveiiiMr, alid Mr. Wilkinson, should holh have l'Mr;iMllen thai (ireal Uiitain had espiessly deelaied thai a lari;c and inte^'ial portion of tins territory formed pait III Canada, Th s vai;ueni ss and entire uneertaintv, res|H'elin!; the tine liaiure of their own alleyi'il elaims, seems to have pnvailed with every inili>;;.ial, who has attempt- ed to da, particularly as such a variety of clainis (some of which go (o the length of the entire dismemheriiient of Canada and the annexation of her territory to New Hrunswiek) have lieen brought under tlie consideration of the imperial government by the latter Province. But such stiitements, with whatever apparent autho- rity they may be made, must be regarded as incurred. Great Britain wilh her enormous extent of colonial possessions, scattered in every cpinrter of the gloln", Isolarfrom having shown partiality to any one, over another, has always maintained a steady and even handed exercise of justice towards them all, according 'to the res|M'ctive rights with which slie had previously ■ seen lit to endow them. There cannol be a more obviinis case in point than is found in the proceedings of the imperial govern- ment in relation to the Province of Canada. At dilTi^rent |)eriods, liefore the final conquest ofp „; Canaila, Great Briti in bad issued grants of tracts, lying mostly to the south of Canada, but extending the descrintion of the limits of such grants, to the river Saint Lawrence. These were, however, merely war grants, and never came practically into etlect. I A|1|H V(l, AftiT the delinitive treaty of |)ence in 176.3, when France ceded all her former Canadian and Acadian possessions to Great Britain, these war grants were ipiestion, Ihe I'rovince of New Brunswick " should i not confirmed or naiewed by the latter government, " go on the Ashhurion line and claim all, on to the but, all the territory adjoining the river Saint Law " river Saint Lawrence:" — rente, as far to the southward as the Baio des I Chalcnrs, and thence along the line now in dispute Mt i, a rurious fart ihai i„«t ] oll,«i„a. New nruiMWul, '".' '''« l'»"'"«' "[ ""^J^''' ''i'.g'"'-'« "^ """•' latHu'le, on Vi,l.. au.l»v .Another menilMT observed that, as he understood the Ap;i* nil Saliil'.l iv,N,i arliiiilly (ici/i/of/ hnveral ilmuKuiiils of acres of territory liy tile Iriaty of Wuriliiitgton. The western tioiindary of Now Bnirewick, from the. source of the Saint f'rnr;, was fixed l>y (ireat nritiiiii lo be a due north livo. The explciiatory line traceii in 1817aiiil 1S18 was run liy the neeille. willi only oi'casJDiial forrcrtions fur the cli.mire in the iniijriielicnl variation. This variation is westerly and rapidly increasing in proceedinij to die norniiil olic, over even (lini; jusly tliiin k'erii- 9t of racts, igthe river Ui, ' 1«, Vfl. P.+'C UI. wlun adiaii were merit, Law J lies isiputc le, on Viii.' Uufln'c her ActutlTBl. same resiil- AppcniUi, No. and just policy was contimied liy fircat Hritnin, in rclulion to lier Niilijcsts of Hrilisli or Kreiieli origin, eacii iMjiliK Nuslaimd in the tree exercise of tiie laws and umiges most congenial to tlieni. Tliu same generous |ioliey was alill ndliered to in tlie Imperial Slatule, |m.vsed in the 3rd and llli years of Her present Majohly, uniting tlie Canailas into one Province. All these Acts of tlio lioiiie government are indi- cative of lier liliiiid policy toward.s tliis colony liir more than eighty years past, and leave no grounds liir the supfiosition that she is now desiro'is ol' dlsmeinlier- ing Canada, and placing nunik'rs of its iiiliiiliitaiils, — living there in full conlidence of JH-ing still protecteil in the enjoyment of the laws to which lijey are accus- tomed, and which Great Itritaiii has heiii pleased to guarantee to them, — under the jurisdiction of another Province, for the mere purpose of adding more territory to New Uruiiswiuk. It is therefore impossible that the Uritish government can (as asserted in New Hruiiswick) have done all in its |)ower to advance the claims mentioned hy that I'rovinco for the dismemberment of Canada. , *'/. It has lieen shown that tho.se alleged claims do not | !, depend merely on some presumed ambiguity of lan- guage in the original descriptions of the boundary ; | they go much farther tlian tiiat ; they extend to integral portions of Canaila, where no . to have lieen such uninti-rruptedly, from tiie year 16H3, whether Canada was in the hands of the French or English government. I It cannot Ite denied that it is certainly in the power ' of the Uritish I'arllament to annex the whole of Cana- da to New Brunswick, shouhl it see lit to do so, but, as no Act has been passed annexing the whole, or part J of Canada to any other possesaioii, though New Bruns- wick has claimed a very considerable part, it is at (mcc evident that Great Britain has not done all in her power to advance that claim. On referring to Lord Stanley's despatch to the Lieu- tenant-Governor of New Brunswick, dated ijuth Octo- ber 18-12, (|)rinted under order of the Assembly of New Brunswick of 10th February, 18-11,) we (ind ; that in answer to several ex parte ccmimunicationsfroin ; the government of New Brunswick recommending the adoption of a new and arbitrary line for the northern j boundary of that Province, passing through the in- [ terior of, or including the wliole of Gaspe, His Lord- j ship direct«d the Lieutennnl-Governor to put himself i in communication with the Governor General of Cana- ' da, and to abstain from adopting any pnn'.eedings which were indicative of his intentions in respect to " a new boundari/ line,'''' until he was tully acquaint- e ith heavy fines, the persons who had acted under such authority, the possession of the same territory having (as before observed) been heretofore, from the lirst settlement of the country, vested in the govern- ment of Canada. This Province recognises no right or power, vested in these cidonies by Great Britain, which can uutiio- rize the interference of one Province with any existing rights or actual exercise of jurisdieticm of tiie other, even if the validity thereof be a disputed question. Such power, it is contended by Canada, can be vested only in the imperial government. To that authority Canada confidently appeals, not doubtin<; that the residue of her southern boundary line, from the head of the Bale des Chaleurs to the western boundary of New Brunswick, as ilie latter was linally settled by the treaty of VVa.shington, will be established according to the |M>sition assigned it by the Royal Proclamation of 11 i3, and the Act of the Imperial Parliament comnioi ly called the " Quebec Act," and, that she will be dul; rp''-L.;,aed in the full possession of all parts of the included territory. \. WELLS. Cmninissioner. th their ; only nty of .42. I. rap. > Pro- liberal mfja APPENDIX TO REPORT. LIST OF CONTENTS. -Nil. 1.- — • I' a,- -' 3.- •'" 4.— " 7. " 8. Paget, ■F.xlmrt IVom llic Oriffiiinl Ornm ol'Novn Srolin 3t Kxlrurl IVom the Ho) ill Coinini^Hioii to MonlnBim Wilnionl, K.»(iuire 31 lixlriiil Iroiii llio ilcfiiiilive Trciity ol'J't'Boo cuiicluilcil at Puri» between Ilia Oriliuinic Miijeily aiid tho Uniteil 8uitc« of America, 1783 31 Kxlmel IVoni the Treiily of Amity, Commerce nnd Navigntion between IIIh Dritnnnic Majeity and tliu United Stutenof America, 1794 31 « f),— Declaration of llic Connnimiinneni appointed under tho 5lli Article of tho (above) Treaty of 1794, concerning llic River Saintc t'roix 33 " C— Slntcnicnt concerning the dcciiiion of the CommiaaionerR appointed under tho 5lh Article of Uie Treaty of 1791 ^2 Exlracl from the Keport ofMesHrs. FentherHtonhaugh and Mudge in relation to tlic River Saiiite Croix M Report of Colonel Jo«. llouchctte, concerning the exploratory Survey of jmrt of tlio duo north line from llie aource of the Saintc Croix 34 ReportofW. F. Odi'U, Esquire, concerning tlio exploratory Survey of tho residue of llie duo north lino from the source of llic Saintc Croix 30 ExtraclKfrom the Treaty between Her Majesty nnd tlic United Slates of America, 1842 38 Title of the Seigniory of CMoridoa 3(1 Inslriicliiins IVom Lieutenant-Governor Hope to John Collins. Esquire 39 A Report to the Uovcmor-in-Chicf of the Britiiiii |iriMniiiili)riii versus lilliiM inarin Iciali ns iid iKcidonlcm ailaluliiiiiiMn Saiicta' Maria' tia\ iiiiii viili;(i Saiict Marii's liay, lit (li!irirc|w versus (ie|p|eiilriiiMeiii per (liredam lilieain iiitri)itiiin wive ONliiim iiia^iia' illitiN slalmnis liaviuin trujicienlern, i|iia- exctirrit In terra' iirientaleiii lila-ram inter re^ima'S Siirii|iii>ruin el Kieelieniinnriiiii, vul^i) Suri(|Uacc, and fnrniiiii{ a part of the boundary therein described, lliat i|ueslinn sliall be referred to the final deci.sif the United Stales, who may lie respctively appointed and autho- rized to manage the business on behalf of the respective governments. And both parties agree to consider such decision as final and conclusive, so as that the same shall never thereafter be called into question, or made the subject of dispute or dilfercnce between them. " N. B. — An explanatory article was aftenvards added to this treatv, declaring that the decision of the Commissionnrrs should lie permanently binding on the two governments, respecting the place ascertained and described to be the source of the river Sainte Croix, and also dispensing with their particularizing tlie geographical position of the same. [n2] N<.. Dfcliirdliiin (11 lo Ihe liiiiiiultii'if^ nf llir Hirer iSiiinlf Cioi.c. " Tlioliinsilliirtlii), D.ivii'i ll'ni.ll iiliil K.liImtI ltrli>iri, (.'(Hnilli*>'iiilirr'< nii|»iilllcll jll |ilirMlllll(r nl' lnc 'nil iirllilr >'l' till' 'Irriiiv 111' .\iiiit\, ('ti, lirlwii'ii lli> llriliili- I Mil' M.iii'sl> ^iiiil ill" I'nilril Sl;ili N xl'A rii'ii, { liliiillv 111 (Irriilr llir iinivliiMi, " Wli.'l liMr 1 was Iriilv InlriMli'il iiiiili r llir niiiiii' i Miiir>.l> lini! llli' I liilnl Sliilio, riiii; liri'ii swnrn ilii|iartialh In lAaiiiiiir ami dniili' iIh' s.iiil i|UrslMiii itii lUiliim 111 sm li rviili'iHi' a:< slniiilil ii'>|ir(liMl» lie luul U'liiii' lis, nil till' jiart III' till' jtrilisli jjnvi'miiiiiil aiiil of tliv I iiilcil Slates, aiiil lia\ lii^ iii'iiril llir I fvidi'iKT wliicli liatli liLTti l.iiil lii'liirn lis liy (lie aK'ii' *'l "'" Maji'tiy iiml llir nirini "f il»' I'liiiril StuU'S, rrs|ic(livi'ly, iiii|iiiiiili'il iiiiil iiiillmrizril In niaiiuni: till' liiisiiiiNs nil licliair nl' lli«i ri'»|ii'iliv(' | govfriiliii'lits, liavt! iltciilril ami lirnliy
  • iliiiili' llir j riviT liiri'iiiul'lfr |miiiriilaily ili'srriliiil anil inriiliniii'd, to Lc llif river irnly iiilemli'd iinilir llie nai f llie ' river Sainle Crnix, in iIik said Irraly nl'iietire, ami liiriii- i ilii; a pari nf llie linundary llii'iein desi riliiil, ilial is In | Nnv, the iniiiith nf llie said riMT is in I'assaiiiiiipinddy | H<>y,at a point nf l.ilid ealLiI Joe's I'ninl, aliniitmie mite norlliwaiii (rniii tlie imilliern part nf Saint Andrew's Cslaiid, ami in ll i laliliide nl' fnrly-live deurees livo ITiiluile.s aiiillive seennds nnrlli, and in llie Inn^itiide ol' sixtV-si'Veii ilei;rees twelve iniliilles and lliirly gceoiids west frnin llie Rnyal nliservatnrv al Cireenwieli, in (ireal Uritaiii, and tliree de!;rees liCty-rmir niiniiles und lil'leen sco mis east fnnn Harvard Cnlle^e, in llio University of I'aiiiliridije, in the Stnle nf Massaehiis- sttls ; and the i-mirse nf the said river up I'mni its .said month, is nnrlherly, to n point nf land called the i Utivil's Head, then tiiriiini; the s,i',l point, is westerjv, i lo when; it divides into two streams, the one comiiii; i from the westward and the oilier c-nmirii; from the j northward, having the name uf Chipiilnalerook, or* Cliilmilconk, as the same may he varinusly s|H'It, then ,1 up the said stream so comini; from the nntlhward to its snuree, w liieli is a stalcii near a yellow liirrli tree liooi)- pil willi iron, and marked S.T. and I.IJ. 1707, liv Sa- muel Titcomhand Jnjin Harris, tlio surveyors employed to survey thu aliove-mentioned stream romini; from the I'.nrlhward ; and the said river is (h'siirnaled on the map hereunto annexed, iind lierehy referred to us further ilescriplive of it hy tin,' letlers A H C D E F (i H i K and L; the letter A lieinir at its said minitli, and the letter L Ikmus; ut its said source ; and llin course and distance of the said source from the island, at the continence of the aliove-menlioned two streams, is, as laid down on the said map, nortli live grees luid aliout fifteen minutes wfrst hy the mngm^t ahoiit forty- eight miles and one quarter. " In testimony whereof, we have lioreunio set our hands and seals, at Providence, in the State of Khode Island, the twenty-fifth day of Octolier, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight. Thomas Barclay. David Howkll. Egbert Benson. L. S. h.S. L. 8. (Witness,) Edward Winsi.ow, Secretary lo the Commissioners. \i.. n. Tiir/nlloirliii; flnlfniiiil in rr^prrl In Ihr forrifoin/f ilicisinn i.i niiiiiil Jriiin n jiriiilrtl luimiihlil, ami i.i niiiiiiosiil Id ciiiiir Jriiin Ihv inn of llif Hon. Iliinl Clii infill II, t'liirf .liinlicr of S'fii' Hruns- irirk, ii'lio iriiH llif l.iiw .inriil on Ihr imrl of tin III Hriliiin iiiiilir Ihr bih iirliclr of Hit Ireal i/ of (ilunl. I " \\\ the provisions nf this treaty, one Commissiiiner was III he iippiiiiileil hy em li ijiiveriimeiil, iiiiil the Iwii ('oilliilissioiiers, NMappoillHil,\vere lo iijrree in the choice of II Ihii'.l ; or if lliev iniilil Imt ai^ree, eiicli was In prii- piise niie persnii, and of the Iwn n. lines mi prnpo>i'd, one «as III he ihiiwii liy Inl ill llie presence nf the two nri- i:iii.il (niiimissioiiers. In this iiislaiice the twii ori){inal ( oniinissii.iiers did agree in ihi' iliiiii e of n third. \ .luilg ■ if the Supreme {'niirt in llie Stale nf New Vnrk, and a iiiuii wlmse charactir stnod high fur liilelil and integi'ilt ; it liiiie^ prnhahly tliniiirht innre ad\ isalile hy the lliilish ('iiiiiiiiissinner, In seled, liy iiiiiluiil i Imice, .III iiiiliviiliial, wlinse character was klmwn In him alllin' a ciii/.i II nf llie riiiled Sliiles, than In trust li> the iioiiiiiialinn nf a third ( 'niiiiiiissinner, and thus In all pinli.ihility lea^ iiig the decisinn nf the cnntrnversy en- tirely III cliance. This wiis in (he y ar '7!)(i. The discussions Inline three ('niiiniissioners wcieinntiniieil until the aiitiimn of 17!)H ; the Mai;a);uiidavic lieing lliioiigliiMit, niiist slrinnoiisly insisU'd upon lis the true ri\ei Sainte t'roix, on the part nf the I'niled .SlalcM. The result in the lirst iiisliince was, at the time, well iimlirsioiiil In he thai the third C'onimiskloiier, who was III f.ict the uiiipire, expressed himself salislied that the llrilishclailii was fully estalilislie:l to the river Schondic, as I he rivr Sainle I' iniv, Irnly intended hy that name in llie ireaH nf 17H,1, and to the western branch nf tliiit river, as the trunk and main river ; the orielmil f'om- missioiier expressiiiir himself lo henf a dilli'rent npiniuli. riie third (nmniissinner Imwever placed the source nl the river, which the treaty re(|uired to lie parliciihirized, at the mniilli nf ihe easleminnst of the SchniMJic lakes, where he seems lo have ciiiisidereil it as losing the form of a river. This point is situate iilMiut live or nix miles ahove the conlliience of llie ('hopiitnalicook witli the main river, nnd on a meridian several miles lo the eastward of the soiim; of the Chepiitniilicook. In tlii.s stale of things it was proposed hy the .Vmerican agent, hy way of accommodation, lo adopt tlii! extreme norlli- ern source of the ('liepiiUialirook, or northern brancli of the Schoodic, as Ihe source of the Sainte Croix. The iniliicement to this proposal on his part was said to lie to save to the Slate of MassiM-liussetIs certain grunts of land that had heen mndi^ hy that Slate lietween the western and northern hraticlies of the Schoodic; and Hs this proposal phiced the source of the SainteCroix on a meridian considerahly lo the westward of the point named as the source of the river hy the third Commis- sioner, it was acceiled lo on the part of His Majes- ty, and hriniglit about what was evidently n wry desi- rable object ; an unanimous decision of the three Com- missiota^rs, who accordingly, by their declaration, estahlisheil the river SchuiHlic, and tlic northern brunch of that river to its source as the river Sainte Croix, truly intended in the treaty of 1783. The declaration of these Commissioners is thus spoken of hy the President of the United States in his speech to Cong"'s.s, De- cemlwr 8tli, 1798. This decision it is understood will preclude nil contenlion among individual claimants, as it .seems that the Schoodic and its northern branch bound the grants of lands which have Ix^en made hy the ros|iectivc adjoiring governments. I have been thus particular in the history of the decision with regard to the river Sainte Croix, which was a matter of notoriety at the time, nnd it is reasonable to suppose may be substantiated by documents in the hands of those offi- cially connected with the transaction, because tbo [ '» ] WrilrrM ill llir Sliilr dF M>iI||i-, ill II N|iiril lit no tuning iilHTiil iir iii:i)(iiiiiiiiiiiiiii«, ^|ll'llk III' ii 11^ mil' in uliirli mi 4iilviiiiliiKi' wiiN iililiiiiii'il iitrr llii' I iiili'il Sliilii, Mini iiiikIii II iiii'rit III' ilir SLiiriiC M,iiiii> mill Mii>«iirliiiM'ii ('mix, i> t'leurly rrrnni'iniH, ii|imi i|ii> |iriiiri|ili' tvlnrli )'.llir riviT inli'iiilril liy llm niiiiii' nl ilir Siiinli' ('ini\ in ihr «irij;illiil frcclinii nl llilit I'lnvinri', In llic (.'riiiil nl' KiiiK .liiini'S till' IdI In Sir Williiini Ali'\iinili-r in iIh' yrar llii I, iiinl in lliiil uiaiii ili'siiiliiil llms :-— " 'riic " riviT (•nnimnnly calli'il In llir iiaini' nl' llir Samlr *' ('mix, anil In llir inn>i rrinnlr >|irin',f nr Iilll nlai II frniii " tlio wrvlrrn pari nf llir s;inii', wliii li lirsl iniiitjli's iKrlC " Willi llir afnrrsaiil liver." 'I'lir rit rr lliiisili'siriliMl in tliii« i;riiiit In Sir William Alrxiinilir is llir ritrr riillnl {^.lilllr ('mix, liy llir lirsl Kniiili viiyiii^rrrs llirrr, in llir year lUIII, 'riic imrlicniar anil iniiinlr ilrM'ri|ilinn jjivrii by lliesn vnyiiijrrMir llir ritrr wliirli llirv rallcil Sainir Oiiiit, and rsitrriiilly nl' a siniill isliinil in llic mniilli iil'llial ritrr, on wliirli llicy tvinlrrril, cnrrrs- jmiiil cxuilly Willi llir rivrr SrIiniMlir ; iiiul n sirnilj islanil in tlir niniilli nl' llml rivrr, a slinrl ilislanrr iilMivr S.iinI Anilrcws, rallrii hy (lir Kinicli |»lr Sainir <'r()i\, siiifU rallrj Hour nr DncriiN Islaiiii. nn wliirli iNlaiiil wrrr li>unil in tlir yrar 17!)!), iiiiii prnlialilv rxist to the (irrsiMit ilay, iniliiliitablr traces nf tlir lialiitalinns iih(iiit;h, /.'.■«/i/i)«, IHiO. " VVn pomii now I'l «|ii'iik nf llir Imilv cifiirnil), niiiimi'rri' uiiil iiin lUitlii'li willi lli.i Irnlnl Sliilri, wlilcli cliri'cu till- mil r Ml wliic li lln' rmr S.iliiir (/mix IK til Ih' iiIi'MIiIk iI. Kv tlin 'illi ailirli' ii ('i>iiiliii>- iiiiil \vii« ii|i|Miilili'il, niii«i«tiiin 111' Dili' (.'iiiiiiiii«»iiilirr iViini iMili iiiiiiilrv, Willi (iiiwcr In cIioiim' » iliinl. Tlif (lirrn worn III lif mvnin In tli'i iilr, iii runliiiH I" oviileiirc, " WIml rivpf in III* rivor SiiiiUo Cmix iiilumled Uy " Ihu iriiilv ? " niniiiii liiw nwiimn itiMtlow, \iiw iho »or) ciinti* iiiiilv iif li* iiiiiiit' >iii>iilil liuvii niiiviiDi'il lliu (liimiiiii- miiiii'i')! iif llii' iiii|irii|irii'ly nf iIi'vIhIiiik frnrn ilmt liii*. Hut llio llrilikli ()iiiiiini>aiiini>r WiH iivcrrult'il, ||a h.iil, III ('iiii|iiiitliiin Willi iliti AiDericuii ('■•imiiiiMiiini'r, I IniM'ii III) AiiirrirMii ^I'lilU'tiiHM, "|iiin wIhimi irilitlli- ({I'liiu Niiil jiiif|{rily III! ri'lii'ii, I'nr llit lliiril Coinniiaiiiiin- I'l. 'llim )(i'nllriiiiiii tviia ill I'lirl HI) iiiii|iirii li> liiiiiila III! ililli'iviiii'ii wliii li iiHulil iirlxi ; Hnil llin Ami'riiuii I iMiiiMi«MMiirr liiivinif I'liiiiiii'il II •imim ciilliiil Mu^u- '.^ii.iiliit ir, Ivinu >lill ruilliir III ill* (iHol lliiiii lliii ('Im>|iiiI- ii.ilil k, III In' till' Iriiu Silllill) Oriiix, lliv Itnliili ( ''ii>iirr ciiMM'iili'ij III H ciiiM|iriHiiiii<', lliv ri'mill i>f wliirli w.K, lli.il iiIiImmii;|i tlicv liiiiilii u riirri'i I iliTi*ii)n 111 III iIm' iili'iiliiy nl'llii' Siiiiitu Croix, llicv iiriuticiilly ilri iili'il III Milii|ii till' iiiirili wiurco, ui if il (mil bvmi iho iiiinl wrilurii iHHirt'u. " Tln'v wiTi' to fiinii'.li 11 ili'i(Ti|iliiin nf tlii> river, ' " 'I'lml l'""'' K<>nlli'tTKn wrnt mil nniiii liiioiifllicir ami to |mrliiiil,.i;j!i' llui l.ililu.l.i iiml liiiii;iluilu nf ill. , ''"'Vi "" ITi'Miilinl in llir Ir.'iily nf 17!) I, ii eviilnit ; inuulli iiiitl «niircu." ! '""' """ '' 'I'l'T'' •'N|ii'iiMi iMiil iiii«iiiiili'riitiiniliiif( wniilil ; li.iv)' lii'i'ii savnl if llii'ir Ui'|inrl Initl Iiitii rmtriili'il lo "And tliuir iluriition wnn In Ix; " final iind i-miclu- 1: ll"' i'lriitillniliniMif llio river. Tliin will lio »i'..'n liy liking III lliu iiiii)). " Thev lind llun two nltjiifli to nrrniiiiili»li, nnu In iili>ntifv Iho river, llic oIImt In lix llm laliliidi- hmiI li)n){iliiilv nf il» WMircc. Wr liiivo Hlieaily »lii'Wii ; Firxl, that tlii' Krant of Nnvii Snitiii in lliil, made llif wcslHrnirinit walpri* nf llii3 Siiiiilr ('mix h part nf ilH bimnilary ; .'.(Mnnilly, that llii- lioiiiiiliiry in tlie charier of JOfH, wan lliiisiit'wriliod: — " Tlit' terrilnry rallid " Aiadia or NnvH Senna, and all that trael nf land •' lyinK lielween tli« iiaid terrimrieii of \ovh Seoli.i " «nd the aiid I'mvinec nf M inc; " iind in anniher part of the "aid eharter in thcM) terms : — "The lands " and liereditaiDintM lyin){ and bein^ in the roiinliy or " territiirv called Acadia or Nova Seotia, and all IIiom- " lands and hereditumonU lying and extending lie- " Iween the said cntintry or terrilnry of Nova Scotia, " and the said river of SaifadiihiH- or any pari therenf." And thirdly, wo have shown thai the tnniiresit in I7M.' xdnpled a Report friHn one of their Comniillee.s wimli declared, " With respect o the Iwiinilaries of ihe " Slates, lie., MassHi liusettN rlaimi under the charter " uraiited hy William and Mary, OcImImt, Itiitl :" a declaration, which, as we have remarked at pai;e 80, Mr. John Adams, under oath stated lo have receivecl j (he sanction of tlie American Ph'nitHrtenli»riu.s upon concliidinu the preliminaries of (N.'ace in nHi. "One " of the .\mcrican Commissioners," said Mr. Adams, " at lirat proposed the river Saint John, ns marked on " Mitchell's map, hut his cnlleuKues observing that ns " the rivor Sainte Croix was the river mentioned in the " charter of Massachusetts Hay, they could not justify " insisting on the Saint Juhn, as an ultimatum, he " agreed Willi them to adhere to the charier of Massa- " cliusells Hay." We have thus a rejfular rccoGjnition of Massachusetts boini; bnun'Ied upon Nova Scotia, and of the most western waters of the Sninio Cmix fnrmin); jiart of the boundary of Nova Scotia. Ami how was the duty ol the Commissioners under the treaty of 1794 performed ? Uisreftardint; the obvious propriety uf choosing the most western source of the river, they fixed upon the north branch ; and this In ' the face of the most extraordinary evidence a)i;ainst their proceeding. For the Scmideag, (Sclioodic,) : which is the known Indian name uf the Saintc Croix, \ runs from its most western source to its mouth under the same name of Scoodeag, whilst its northern branch, which comes in at the upper fulls, bears the separate name of Cheputnaticook. The westernmost sources of the Scoodeag are in n low Hat lake country, consisting of many lakes running into each other, and hence the Indian name given lo that part of the country and tu (he river, fur Scoodeag "The Saint Jiiliii like nil other liirgn rivers, occiipios llii> liiwesi level nf the i niiiiliy ihriiUL^h wliuli it llnws, mid hiiliN its cniirsu tliriiiii;li a viiHv nf cnnsiilenililo hreadili, which lielnw Mars liill exietiils in a iiuhIiI'iviI uiatiner, some ilislaiire to the vveslw.inl of the bed of ilm rivei. The ni'arer u due nnrlh line cnidd bu lirnii^lit liiliie Saint Jnliii, the belter llie chaiiie was thai It wnuld run up that valley, whilst the fiirlln-r it lay III the west, the greater was the certainly nf its niissini; that valley and nf ils liinro speedily meeting llie higlilaiids nf ifio country. .And lliis has In pnietici- proved to bo lliu case ; for the explnralnry nnrlh lino drawn fmin the inoniimeiil, reached no highliinds until il came to Mars Hill, whilst if Ihe line hinl starli'd from ils true point, the wesieriiinnst waters nf ihe Si|iiMiiki'.i^ Crri'k, iIh' jiliH II riM.ll ii|hi|i iiNllii' ii.iihI roiiligiiiiim mill I iinvi'iiirni I'l.r imr ^nii ml ilrji'it nf iliiriiK mill |iri>viMiH, wliirli wrrn |iul in i liiir);i> nl' ('iipliiili It. Siiiilli, |i">iiliiiK iIm ri<, mill will! ii:;ri'i'il In rnniiull I'D vvilli ''IK'll jxIlK lIliTCiir, lit \Milllll III.' >Vlllllllll i'riiin liiiiu III tiMii' ill lliii liiir, " i)ii llii' Ujtl tlii> luirliiN |iriii' Ii'il liiwiirils ll.o liiiiniiiiii'iil l>y llir lliiiiliiMi 'I'liwii riiiiil, wliiNl I wiiil il|i llii* ri'ci'k (villi llm liiili.iiis In i'\|>lnH' llii< s.iiiii', mill jii. .' " Frnnillii' iCiilitn ilic .')l.»l I wiiNiiiii'iilivrly rni;ii'^('il in liikiii;; iislmii'Miiinil nl>>i r\ iilinii", iiml iisi riliiiiiui;; llio viiriiilimi III' llii< in:i;;iirli(' n Iln. Iliivini; riili ii- i liiii.'il iliu iniiiHit nf I'liliini nvi'i' ilin nii'riili'iii, il iimicil : tn liu un niiLiViiriilik' iinil iiii|Mn{iiliiiiiH linn' Inr iiIimt- vatinn. I lliiTcriMu (niirliiili'il In ili'lrniiini' ilii' viiriii- lion liy llii' I'lmli'm I'lmio.ilinn nf I'nI.iris, ninl rnniiil liy I sncci'ssivi' Iiij;lils nl' nli'it'rviiliiin, lliii vmiiilinii 111 lir I:) ili'Hiii'i Hi— I. W,, mill 1,1 ili'irri'is to -.() \V.,\\lii|s| Mr. .InliliMiii at llii I'iitiiji niaili* llm viirialinn liy liiiniliir nlis(irvalinii<(, 1:! i|ri;iii's ll'i— \V., iiml |:i, (Ii');rc't'>i .jli -I) W., liialvili;.; a ililliri'inr lii'hVL'rii liis ^ lalirr nliicrvatinns anil inv nwii ol" !)— ,^H, wlilrli ! lil'li'twarils prnvi'il in lin ii ililHiitni ii in llm Iwn in-.ini- tnolils iiiily ; lint llir caiisi- frnin wliinni' llni ilillori'nii' iirosu w IS imt ili'scnviTril until il was iijjri'i'il liy Mr. Jnliiisiin mill mysi'h' lo lako jniiit a/iniiitli nlisi rva- (iuns. "In tlio fnronoon of i)n! ,'Jlsl I wont i|n«n wiih Afr. ■Iiilnisnii, nti(:iiiii|iani(!(l liy tlio n«>>i»laiit Mirvrynrs, In finiilly uKaminu llio wvi'ial marks ami IiI.ixpm nn ami uliDilt lliu olil Itiiinnnii'iit, wliirli wc fn ml an fnllnWA, liiiiiii'ly : II ci'iliir >lnko at tlio licail nf a sniall slrrain markoil S. 'r. xviii. ». t. .soiilli live fi'i'l two imlics from wliirli is a ycllnw liircli Ireo, alinnl ri'^lil inclii'.s in (liiiinclcr, Iriining tn llio cast, lnin|i('i| willi imn, tin" cnsU'rlv part of llif tn|i is cut nil', niiil snini- nllirr nlil marks, Imt no ilislinit lullors ; at the foul nf saiil liirrli lies n collar In^ in a N. K. ami S. \V. iliri'ctinn, liow- oil on tlio S. v.. si(li",nnil markcil 1797, SU.VANrS S.WVYKIl ; nine foot snntli nf sniil liircli is n lir blaaeil ; 10 foot S. Hi ijoijrnos K. of liiicli is n lilark nsli lilazeil ; Hi foot N. 10 (loijrocs W. nf liinli, is nn old collar lilazoil, which has fallon dnwn ; 13 fool two inches north of hirch is n tir Iroo, marked I.Y. 1797. Novcmher 23lli, 18 feet north of birch is n fir sliih, marked I. C. ; nt 20 foot 10 inches north 10 dej;roi's cast from the birch tree is a black nsli tree marked K. M. 1797 ; 10 feet cast of which is a .sprnco Ireo mark- ed T.T. November 25th 1797 ; near which is n cedar spotted ; nbout li ilii lios mpiiiri', liowoil, Iiml llii' fnllnwiiii; in'>i ri|>liiiiii liiai kill lliomin ; \rA. Now llri|h»Wli k, Jlllv ;ll«l, INI7, III Olio llllo,iit| Il m.1 Mill', Cnl. Jm«. Ilniiiliotio, II. I). M. St KV. lil'.N. J nil llio iinrili niilo, ill iiiio lino Viir : 1.1 iJoKrooi* 'il- i \V., bv lino inilriiiiu III, mill | I ili'uroot W, liv ihi'iiiliir. I'liiiid Siiitm Jiilv ilUi, l.HI7,iii(inu III I llio wontNldo ; aiiil.lllllN Jl)ll.\SI).\, I', H. St llVKVOll and S. (il'.N. V. 'I' I,i' mmiiIi miIo III olio lino ; mill nil I aril niilu llioionf wore |iliii'oil liir)(o rni kt, iiliniil JO iiiijii I iiiii{i, by iip|iniiiiiiii'iii, In liiki' ii/iiiiiiili iili«iirvii- linn-' I'nr llio liiiiil Jiljiiiliiionl nl' llio Miiinlinii ; ami niiiu «ol.t side, nml t.'. S,, J. J, on llio west, " And in confirmily to the scooiid nrliolo of onr inslrnolions, wo ^avo up llic rb 'rgo nf the pornianent lino lo llio Iwn .\ssif!iint Surveyors, with such dircc- limis ami iiislruiliims as woro deemed iieoossary for llioir ijiiiilmioo ; linn wont to lloiillon Town lo mako ibo previous arraiigoinonls for the exploring survey, leaving my thooilnlilo in oliargo of Mr. Canipbell, 'ti> oiinblo him and Col. Turner tn continue the lino until ihoy were provided with nnolhir. '' From Park's field, a fine elcvntcd situation, and from which the country can bo viewed to advantage, Mr. Johnson and 1 ngreod to take nzimuth observa- tions, and the bearings nf tho principal range uf high- lands oxtemling from Mars Hill to the Calalidin moun- tain, tho general course of which is N. N. E. and S. S. W. and highly conspicuous, for its height, and di- versity of np|)earanoo, the land descending by gradual ridges and slopes towards tho Ilonllon Town scttle- menls, and producing altogelhurn lively and truly pic- turesque scenery : on the 18lh wo entered the woods, i and commenced nn the exploring lino from tho 4tli mile post ; divided tho parlies iind prcK'eeded un after passing Ilonllon Town, doscended for some lime in low swampy land, but ascended as wo appronchel liiaiicli of klinlliiw, ciinliiiiiMi^ niiiDrrii i.r > t\vi> liraiic Tlin il (liv iilts ilsi'll ilio Wiilfis ciC iliu lli»|i;nuitli' wliero \vu uiulutl llio nil ll'S I'ilsl iif lliu li wliiili |il.ici: lIuTi' i\;v r.ill , iif 1 1 Ici'l !) incLi's in lici';li( mill II |iiirliii:i' nl" sivtv rmls : tin- silili'imnts on tliis r.\|iIonii^ suivi')', rivor, tliiit CDiiiioct with llios" on llii' II niliiin mail, a i' iiliinil -IJ miles lip llif liviT I'loiii llii' liiir ; iVoiii lliciiCi; to !llL> I ri-'Mju rivur I'm' h, H'liiTiilh' n»iriiils grailiiiilly i.nlil yon com is i'i)n>.|iiiiioii-. ii|>|>roai'li l!i>' liter iIm'II till linil fi'oiii lliu .siiiniiiit of till' liaiik, I iI'IIk Ml o|i|)iirliinily ol' vicwil.'j; llir Tier ol'lln' roiiip|i\ roin llm top o| a lici', anil iIim:oioiimI ,>lars ilil:, lii'i.r I Ma All wliitli is iL'spt'clfully submillcil, ' JOH. UoLCHKTTn, "Ills !5rilnnnic Mnjpdiy's .Snrvovor (ii'iitriil, miller lln- TjiIi ArtiVlo of lliu Treaty of Cilieiil, 111; ;ilii)iil N M ill', llir S. \V, rces W iuiil a riiuu'' I ' Iiiiii;ii!:lon, 21sl !\i',iv, 1813/ Ml; Willi otil,' li,'r lii-l.i .slrelclniln In llii .■. .i. umi ...u,i u.j,... i, i.i. (listatil Dliji'it-. ill llie rear ; iVoih ;!'e Presi|u'lsle, is lioiniileil liy lii^li liaiik IkiI o. Ill liiiiie ■ 1. nil lianlis, llie lain! rises coiisiileialilt klllll .\o. il. Ill o, appi'o.ii li'li,:; Mars I Ml, von deseenil into a kiiiil r vail y, nnlll yon a}.Miii asreiid hi llio river (Joose- /.V/»<»7 f/ fyillhnii t'\ (hlcll, Ksqriin, Siirvri/nr aiek ; llieii a inosi ednspiriiniis ascent pre'enls itself ':/ ^''i'' Urini.ff' .i,., ii/iil (lu llir part of His L-lweeli tills anil river des Cliiiles, wliieli seems In an- Urili.'iiiiic ,>i,//c,s'.'/, /';| nfiilioii In a survilf of Iht lielweeli tins am I'l'ar lis if II was eonneeled willi M.ir ' ■■ at tlie river lies t'liwles I oiilv iles''eiids anil loiik an i'i:is III an lii<;ldaiids, where wc traiisil of I rrsiiltu of llic i:i iiliinilori/ ihic north Hit' fruiu the source ofllic Hirer Snin'lc ''.-oix, IHIS. t'neiiinpeii and lonk an oliservatlon n. tin- n.iu.^n m i ,,- , Jaris over the nieridiaii and found llie varlalion to lie II 1 " ('r, Salnrday llie IMi July, ISIH, I met Mr. ilei;rees l.nn. W. From llie soinl em bank (d'lliis rivf, •lolinsoi', llie Surveyor o'l llie pari of llie Unileil Stales 1 liad af;aln an opportinilty of rlinilpliiij a tree, from ,ie i "' iMadawaska, from w.iieli place, as soon as llie ne, .f whiidi 1 hn.k a view of the lace of ihe coiiiilry, [ eeFsaryananuenienls eonlil he completed, we proceed- lop ( discovered a coiispiciions riil:,'e of hi^Idaiids, siretcliiii;; ill the dire-lion of a'loiil N. N. W. and .S. ,S. K. ■ ,ip. posed dislanre eii;lit or nine n.iles ; look the lii'ariii;,' of the points thereof; fioni wliiiii ililiji: we iicUially iiseeiided ; and afterwards the land dcseeiiiled, hy gra- dual slopes, owards the river Areslook, where we rpeamped on a dell:,'htfMl irleliil, nearly eonneeled with another, which I proposed to Mr. .lolinson shmild iie called (^ommissioiwrs' 'sj.inds ; nl this p'aie wo look iiziiniidi ohservalinns, and llie transit of Polaris over the ineridinii, di'lerniined the varialion !o he !5dei>rees 20 W. on the I Ith Septenilier. !' .iwccn this riverand ihe river Saint .lolin, in llie direclion of the line, the land is extremely hlidi, and more conspieuo isly so, between iiie (iOih and 7 llli mile, which I consider lo be III.. Great Fall ridsie, and like most of the ridijes we have intersected, directs its coiirsn towards ihi! .S. S. \V. Inler.sec, 1 the river Saitit John on the 'i;3r, Septe'nhcr at the lilstaiicc of 77 miles _ 10 links, then went ilo>vn I' the (Ircat Fall with our respective |)arlies ; the i..en, as well as ourselves, were cxhaesleil by fallgiie, and Were glad to have an o))por- tunity urrecrniliiijr. I'll lip the Grand liver, a branch of the river Saint .lobii, lo a p irta^o leadlni;- tr the \Va<;ansis. anil iheiico hy the Indian Palli lo the !l!)||i mile tree marked hist year, where we arrived with the provisions and haij- iraire on RJonday Itie 'jnih. 'J'he ground here being swampy and iiniil for idiscrvulioiis, Mr. Jolmson pn" posed lo roiiiinne ihe line to toe Risligoiidie, and tlieru aseeil.Mn I emagnelie varialion. 'I'liis wasaccordinglv •inreed lo and ilie line was continued on a course norlli |l! - 'Mhu. oast by nmgnct lotlial river, a distance of a little irore than two miles and a half ; liero, bv a mean of the oliservatiors trade by me, the magnetic varia- lion was found lo iie l(i = 19m. 5Gs.,and by iMr. Johnson 10 = 20m. west. The instrument for running the lino (a circiimferenlcr bidnnging lo Mr. Johnson) was therefore fixed agreeably to Ibis varialion, and tbo ex- ploring tin" commenced on a course north 10 ~ 20 nil on me ^.jr.i fix^ by llin Magnet. From the OOth mile tree lo llie 2.1 chains and ! !|(.sii_uoiiclie, Ihe land, with the exce|ilion of a few iii- '' " •■•' I signil"ic..in rises near the river, is low, flat and swanipv, I and chiefly covered with .spruce and cedar. " The river Uestigoiicbo was intersected bv the linn I about two miles below Iho mouth of the \Vagansis, which place il is 80 links wide, and is navigable lor loaded canoes, its eotirse down stream, is noilherly for a short ilislance, and afterwards nearly north east. From Ihe nioulli of the Wagans's, > .e course of the ItesllgoucI.e, no stream, is lior'Ii-westerly, and fiomil.i size, depth of water and current, its .s-;irci r. must bo »,....^:.i»,..i.i.r .i;^: ,,|(_ " On the 30ih we ec;ain proceeded on the lino with twenty days provisions, foni the river Saint John, after liaving ascended its b;o:ks, and until we reached the PI si mile, the ascents and descents were not nmteriallv con- spicuous, but We went over several pine ridges, and tlirough several swamps; fioin the 91st mile ihe land sii-.i-, iii-|mo k.: Han. jrenerallv ascended uiilil v.e intersected a large stream, I considerably disi.n which we at first look to he the Grand river, bill | ])roved afterwards lo be '.lie ri'er which eniptii s ilself ) - . _ .^.,..^.,u, .it elose lo the (Ileal Tails nn the river Saint John ; : wn met with a stream, which was supposed by some from that river the Imd gener.iliy ascends lo the Uis- ' Frene!^ >>ien, i\le ■ . . . ligoiiehe Portage, which we inle;.sected at 07 miles, v.l 02 dial At thedistance of about 12miles froinUeistigouehc ns and 80 links. This poilago leads from the , ., employed as labourers, to bo liat is called the Petite Foiiicbe, or Little Fork cif iho llestigouche. This is a very cleai str";;,!!, about livo •^^ \. 1 1 II 1 11,7 .lull \j\j liiiiv:.. M ill... jmi tii^t. iifiiLT iMMIt MIL -- rt ■- — ' -• j -....•■ ".. ...n, tiuwiji i|,u little Wagansis, on the Grand river, to the Great , feet deep where lliu lino crosses it, r.nd one chain its Wagansis on the soulli b-an-!-. of ibo Uistiginicbe , it l width, and froni its appearance, Woidd bo easily navi- is exlremely crooked, six miles in length, and its gene- ! galdo for canoes, but it is staled by the biinters ,^ 'jg ral course is N. N. K. and S. S. \V. but where it ivas | full of rapids, which render llio pa.ssage wi !i boats im- intcrsecled by the lino it bore S.!}0° K. This part i practicable. The course of this stream is from north of the country is ccmspiciiously high, and is the summit , west to soiilb east, and from its size anil quanlily of of a range ol higlilaii 's, wliidi slretches towards the ; water, it must take its rise considerably lo tlic westward S. W. and anotlii'r branch seems to delacli ilself at no of the line, considerable disl.nice to the west, in a N. W. direction : considerable disl.nice to the west, in a N. W. direction : the descent at the Wagansis, is steep, and .soineliines descending alterniilely by gradual and sleep ridges i; -. . ilxmhuo ^i-nm n. iiiiiut.T, wnicr on dislince of IJ chains ; at 00 miles deviated from the j the tops of llie hills is chielly birch and iniiuio with (.ume " The land between the Restigmiclie and Ibis stream s covered with a luxuriant growth o.'timber, which on L- ] lisll ; iilioiit two mill's siiiilli (if (lie Pcliti- Kniinlii', iti a ' tract of iiiKtnniniiiii liiii: iiMplu land, wo riMiiiil marks' (if lliu trt'i's liaviim iiicn la|)|ii'(l fur ihi" |iiir|i(iM! ii( mak- ing sugar: at tlie "fliti' t'oiinlie (jjc variation was found III liavo incrcasuil, ami tlu; instrumunl was sut to 16 (k-gruos, la'. I " About six miles nr.rlli of tlio Poiite Fnurtlic i> aniitluT slrt'am aliout fifiy links in wh'iIi, ninniin; east- erly ; lliu a{>|i('.irani'u of (liu laiul in this dista, • u mutli tlio sumu as buforu duscribcd. I " Aboi.i ten milt's iiorlli of ibis last innnlionnil sircain, wo came to the (irarulu FoinL:hi' i r l.ar','!' K.irk ;if the Kcsligonclie, tlio largest braiic.b of that river ; this stream is two chains wide, easily navigalili; fur loadeil ; canoos, from (be lein|ierature anil softness of the waters j 8ccins to come out of a lake, and it is so ripurted by the ; hunters, that whatever be the source, it iniisl, from the eIzo and a|i|iearanee of the stream, be far to the west-! ward. A branch comes into thi:4 stream about two or three miles above where the lino crosses il. The (ge- neral course of the Granile Fourcbe is south easlwaid-f I ly to its junction with the Restigoucbe. 'I'lie vnrialioli ' ( here was settled at 17 ilegrees, 2iin. 3()s., and the in- f strumenl set accordingly. " By inspection of the map accompanying this Report, it ,vill appear that the whole tract passed over liy the lino from the Uesligoiii be to the (iratide Fourchc, is broken into ridges by small slreaiis and deep ravines, the banks of which are in sieneral very sleep ; these ridges, however, appear lo he only ranges of land di- viding the several branches of the Restigoucbe from each other, and extending generally in the ilireclion of those branches, but with such variations in liieir shape and figure as are oceasinned by ihe sum'I streams with wbicli Ibcy are intersected. " The general face of the country may he considered il increasing moderately, in elevation from the Restigou- .le norlinvaril, to within iwo or three miles of the Grande Fourche, and then descending very rapidly lo that stream. It is well '.voodcil with a luxuriant growth of tall trifty timber, a mixture of hardwood, fir and spruce with some pines. The mountain ash is abundant, and there are a very few wild cherry trees. Contrary however to wdiat is usually met with, the soft woods grows mostly in the valleys, and llic hard wood on the tops of the hills. The greater part of this ex- tent appears lo be excellent farming Kind. The river Kcsligoucho from where the line intersects il, down stream, is copied from a map its general course how- ever, so far as I can judge, from the hearings and ob- servations taken in a canoe as we returned from our camp on the Giando Fourcbe to the Wagausis, is cor- rect ; and .roin the oslimaled distances from wliere the line intersects the Grande Fourcbe loihe nioiilh of that stream, and thence up the Resligouche to liie Wagansis, nnd from the appearance of the carrent in bolb llicse streams, I .in of opinion that there is noi much, if any, diirercnc'j in the level of the water at these Iwo pl.iccs. Immediately after crossing Ihe Granile Fourcbe. ibo ground rises very steeply for about three quarleis of a mile, and very modoralely for a (|unrter of a mile mote, funning a bigli bank lo Ihe river, and pursuing appa- rently the same cour.se with the stream, anil has t!io ap- pearance of being the highest point intersected by the line run thi^ year ; it then descends, moderately, all the way to the Heaver river, hereafler mentioned ; Ihe surface, however, diversilied into bill and dale like the rest, by the ravines and small streams widi which it is i'>tersected ; but the ravines art. not si, deep, nor the ban!:s of the streams so sleep as those to the soulhwar.l of the Grande Fourcbe; this tract also is well wootletl with a tall luxuriant growth of limber, chiedy fir and spruce, with u mi.vturc uf bard wood and sumb [lino. The pine however is mostly found near the l/oriler.s of the (irandf Fourcbe. I alsi' met with some of llio largest cedars liiut 1 have ever s.en. " On Ihe JntI September we arrived at a klroain fifteen miles aial a half north of ibe Grande Fuurche, rill iiiiig III the ,'estwartl, lo which we gave ihe iiamu of Hi .v.'r river ; on the bonlirs of this stream, wlieio the line inlfrsccletl it, is a pit to of low wiltl iiieailow, wiiicli was then oveiilmved in iiuisetjiMiii e of a liain math' by the beavers, which iiail fornitt! a large piuiil, a'..ove wliicb aie two snaller poiiiis, mil inniictliately below !hi' tiain the slreani is i'luiiit two rmls wide, ll.o Wilier tpiick and clear; al a >';' rt tii.slijnce fioiii the stream on both sides, the ;;rouiid rises liioileratidy, but the tdevatioii is very small, and there is no appcuaiicu of highlands. " This being the first slrc.Tin of any conseijiience that we had met with running lo Ihe weslwarti, ! agieet' with Mr. .lolinson to ball and examine it. I act-ord- in:;ly sent a party up stream, who i('|)orttil tliat ibey lad pursued il liehvc :i two and Ibrco miles, and liati foiiiid it generally from twenty to tiiirty feet wiile, anti from six to t ,!iteeii inches tieep, w ilb a number of old Reaver ihiius, Ihe current gradual, antI the genual course from the so'ilh-casi to the norlh-wesl. The next tlav I si nt Mr. (Campbell (my assistant) witii ono of Mr. Johnson's party and some labourers lo explore the stream ilownwartis, remaining myself at tiie camp to make sonic observations for ascertaining Ibi magnetic variation; and I beg leave to rider for particulars to .Mr. Campbell's Report, which is hereto annexed. " \ party was also sent northward in the direction of the line, who reporttMl that at the distance of about tiirco miles, Ibey bail fallen in with another stream running eastward, whit li wo siipposeil was tho Metapetliac, a branch of the Resligouche, but from Information which I have obtained, since my return, I am induced to think it is a luancb calletl by the Indians I'edaiviguac, which ciii|iies into the Resligouclio considerable above the Metapediac. " It appearing by the Report of the exploring parly, that llic Reaver river must cominunicalo with the Saint Lawrence, Mr. Joinison and myself consitlered our insirut'lions so far fullilled, and agreetl lo return. For more particulars of all this sei vice, I beg leave to refer lo tie field book, anil to iI.d journal wliith was kept of our ilaily operations. " On the ISib September tho party reached the river Saint .lohn and proccetled .o Mars Hill, where lho» arrived on the 28th anil were oinp.'oyetl until the 3r. October in clearing away the wootl on the stiutb peak, in order to get a view of the surrounding country, tho •same thing was tlone by Mr. Johnson's par'/ on a part of Ihe nortli peak, looking to the south-west, " The north peak was fi)imd, by n survey in.ide by Mr. Ilazen, to be ahoct six miles, in a westerly direc- tion, from tile mouth of Ihe river ties Chu'js (a small iirantb of the Saint John) from which place tho general surface of the grounti ri.ses moderately for about five miles, nnti steeply for tho rest of the way lo the top of the peak, which is distant, by nieasiircment, on a ''lie we.it course, one mile and six chains from l' exploring line run last year, and fifteen chains and seventy-six links, south of the forty-second mile tree. " The south peak is distant by calculation, flora tho north peak, one mile seventy-five chains and twcnly- five links, on a course .south 20 degrees 57 minutes west, bv majinil, ami exceeds it, in height, iipwartis of one hundred feet. IJetween the north and south peak, is aujlbcr peak lower than either. l\ I I [38] • In a soulli-wpslwiirdlytlirecliiin froinMiirsIlilljiinil nlioiit sixly miles disliiiit,' is u riingo of very higli ntul ii|i|iiiiiMilly liiild mcMinliiiiis, rxlcnding In u wt'slcrly liiri'ctioii,' (idled liy Mr. JdIiiiskii, " llio Spf ncer Ij Momiliiins ; " mid t'omiortnl wiili tln'M' mid oxlcnilini; 'j t-Dilivl t.) l!in nurlli-wesl, iirc n nuinlicr of liigli mid | poiis|iiriniiis iiill-i, ;dl coniiccti'd liy Inwcr rmijjtsiifj liiiici ; ii.id ill a dircrtinii a lillle siuilliward iifllio lino j! of view lV.)in Mars Hill t(i llio Sliciircr Moiililains, is u'li'tlii'r liigli niDimlHiii, el a cunical slia|ie, diblaiil nliiiiit fiirly liiilos rrtiiii Mars Hill, suppostd to be Calluiii n, 'and a|ipaic'nlly ciiiin'cled with Mars Hill and ll' ■ S|'ciia-rMi>imtaiiis, liy ridges wliitl: I'aiiinil be i, |iarl'.-ularlv descriiied, llie griiiiid ill lliat (piarlor being ' in ovorv direiliDii, all liiL;li, bhiken land, but viewed rrinn Mars Hill a|i:ieuriiii; to risi^ generally fnmi llie I'mU of lli.it bill, towards llio Catliu.liii Mountuin uiid ' Spencer .Mountains. .; " On tbe liiirlb-casl side nl'tlie river Saint .lolin, tlie land appears bigli, mid broken inio bills and ridges, j .slretcliiii^ in all direeiioiis wilbmit regularity, and in v'le soiitli rn qnailer there appears some very liigli ja.id, wbicli seems to sirelili round lo llie east, but .so distant tliat its direction oould not be clearly ascer- tained. " In llie duo norlli dlrectiim llioro anpeiirs lo be less li.eipialitv ill tlio face of tliu country tbaii in any otlier. " Tim timber upon tbe iiortli and soutli praks of Mars Hill is principallv lianlwooil, wliidi nt the fool of tin- bill is a very lliril'iy "i-ow.li, but lessening in lieig'it verv coiispicuouslv wards tlic top, and on llio summit is very sliort, with low spreading branches. J " On my return frim Mars Hill liiimcwaril, I balled tlio Jiarty on tliu Hlb Octobor at the mouth of Moiluc- tisiiiicick river, and procccdod with .Mr. Camplu II and two or tlireo labourers Ij Parks, near tbe Houl- tim seltlemeiit. Looking westward from Ibis place, v.liicli i< itself considerably elevated and is easily seen fiom the top of Mars Hill, tbcro appear.s a continued range of highland, llio view of which is lorminateil on oiii; side by .Mars Hill, and on tlio other by the Spen- cer Mountains ; and in ibis range there is a number o( consi'ieuous bills, among some of which as ! wa.s infjrmed by Parks, there is reason to siippo.se dnit llio llestook river takes its rise. Parks' inforina;ion was '• ; eed partly from Indians ami hunters, nn.l partly from tbe fog which he bad often observed rising among tbeso bills. Tlin mountain which wo liavo called " Spencer Mountain" was considered by Parks to bo tlin Catbadin, and he pointed out some liills lying a litllo norlli-cast of this mountain, among which be saiil it is generally re|)ortod by hunters and others, that one branch of the Ponobicol takes its rise. " AH ivhich is most respectfully submitted, " \\ ILLIA.M F, OdELL, " Survci/nr on the pari of J lis Brilunnk Majcsli/. " To the Commissioners appointed under the .'ilh Article of Ibo Treaty of Ghent, &c. &c. &c." No. 10. ICrti'ncln from the Trniti/ biluwen Her Majesty unit llie. I'liiled States of America, signed at Washington, August '.Hh, 1812. " Wheiens certain portions oi Iho lino of boundary belween Ibo Hrilivb dominions in North America iiiiil the I'niled Stales of .Vmerica, dcscribcil in the second article of the Treaty of Poaco of HHJ, have not yot been ascertained and determined, nolwillmlaniliiig iho re]iealed atlompls which have been liorotoloro made for that purpose ; .\nd whereas it is now Ihonght lo be for llio inierest of bolli parties that, avoiding further dis- cussion of their respective rights, arising in this respect nndor the saiil tro.ily, they should agree on a conven- tional liiiu in said portions of the said boundary, sncli as mav be convenient to both parties, with such e(|iii- valonis and com[ien:>ations, as iiru doomed Just and rcu- sonablu. " .\rticIo 1st. — It is hereby agreed andileclared, that llie lino of boundary shall bo as follows : beginning at the monument at llic source of the river Saiiitu Croix, as designaled mid agreed lo by the Commissioners un- der the lil'ili article of thiMrealy of pcacoof 1701,betwucn the governments of Croat Britain and the United Slates ; tlienci; noiih following the exploring line inn and mar- ked by the surveyors of llio two governmonti in tlio yoars'l817 and ISlS, under tlio fifth aitic e jf tho irealy of Ulitnl, to its intersection with the r' ' er Saint .lolin, atal to the miihlleoflho channel tborco;' ; thence up llie middle of the main channel of the said river I Saint Joliii, to the mouth of the river Saint Francis ; { ihonce up the iniddle of the chminel of the said river ' Saint Francis, and of the lakes throiigli which it flows, I f ) the outlet of the lake Pohenagamook ; tlicnco south I westerly, in a straight line to a point on the north west I branch of the river Saint Jidiii, which point .shall bo Ion miles distant from the main branch uf the Saint .lohii, in a straight line and ii< tho nearest direction; , but if tho said point shall be found to he less than seven ! miles from the nearest point of the summit or crest of j the highlands that divide those rivers which empty ! themselves into llio river Saint Lawrence from tlioso 'j which tall into the river Saint John, then the said i point shall be made to recede down the north west liranch of the river Saint John, lo a point, seven Tniles J in a slraiuht line from the said summit or crest ; th>>-ice J in a straight line, in a course aboi south eight degrees t west, to the point where the parallel of latitude of 46 |! degrees 2.)m. north, intersects the south west branch of :| tho Saint John's ; thence southerly by the said branch, I lo tho source thereof in the highlands at tho Metjar- I melte i'orlage ; thence down along the said highlands which o'vi le tho waters, which empty themselves into the river Saint Lawrence, from those which fill into ! the Ailani c Ocean, to the head of Hall's Stream ; !' thence down the middle of »nid stream, till (he line II ii.oi run int.'rsects the old line of boundary surveyed I and marked oy Valentino and Collins previously to the ilyear 1*71, a? the -10111 degree of north latitude, and I which has beci known and understood to bo the line of actual divisian between the States of New York and Vermont on one side, and the British Province of Ca- nada on the other ; and from the said point of intersec- tion wesi along the said dividing line, as heretofore known and undcrstuod, to tho Iroquois or Saint Law- -enco river." [39] No. 11. I niSTiaoucHE river. Seigniory ofCloridon. TITLE. " Pai Acte do Foi et Ilnmmage rendu lo 3mo Juin, 1736, par Jean Clawle Loud, m\ noin d'Anne Morin, 80II 6|)uusc, vcuvo do Hene d^Eneauol nu iiom dii Ca- pitamo Ri'iii d'' Kneau, sun fils, pour lo tlef e- dicnt In assume, for the King, the Seigneuries of Port Daniel and Ristigouche, by 'ho droit de relrait, from persons who had ollercd the same for sale, as in using the right of rctrait in this instance there was no inten- tion to deprive the proposed purchasers of any advan- tages that might be derived tlierefrom, if not inconsis- tent with the rights and privileges of the Indians or settlers in that quarter. I must request you will par- ticularly examine into tho consequences which might result from privileges annexed lo the said seigneurie«, remair.ing possessed by individuals, in order that after the reservation of such thereof as might prove prejudi- cial lo the interests of the Indians and new settlers, or beneficiiil in any other respect lo government, the proposed purchasers may have an optional preference I I [40] in the nrquisition of (lieso scigneurie>, if again to be (Jitposcd ul'. I am will) duo regard, Sir, Your tniist obedient liumble servant, (Signed,) IIenrt Hope. To Jotin Collins, es(|iiirp, l)c|iiity Siirvi'vor Gciiernl of liio Province of QueLer. . (True copy.) (Signed,) Surveyor Genernl's OITirc, Kingston, Oili Miiy, liJ U. Thomah Padke, Surveyor General. No. 13. A Report to His Excellency the Right Honorable Guy Lord Dorchester, Captain General and Go- verno, ia Chief of the Colonies of Quebec, Nova Scolia and New Brunswick and their Dependen- cies, Vice-Admiral of the same, General and Com- mander in Chief of all His Majehly^s Forces, in Ike said Colonies and in the Island of Netrfound- land, Sfc. S/'C. ^-c. My Lord, — Inobcdience to your I.ordsliip's order in council llic Stii instiint, I have set olffrom tlie annexed plan of survey made by Mr. William Vondenvclden tlie 21sl day of November, 1787 for Isaac Man, Es- quire, Senior, Isiiac Man, Junior, John Man, Thoma.s Man, Esquire, William Man and Edward Isaac Man, a tract, piece or parcel of land containing two thousand five hundred and twenty acres situate on the north gidcthe river Ristigouche, beginning at a stone boun- dary fixed on the bank of the west side of the river Du- Loup orPorcupine river, at the entrance of the same, and from thence running vp the river Ristigouche the several courses of the water, making on a direct line, two hundred and forty chains to a stone boundary fixed on the bank of the river two chains above Puintc a la Croix. From thence north twelve degrees east one bundled and five chains to a boundary, thence south seventy eight degrees east, two hundred and forty chains to a boundary, and from thence south twelve degrees west, one hunilred and five chains to the first Mation, including two thousand fivn hundred and twenty superficial acics. No. 14. Grant in Fi'f and Seigniory to John Shnolhred, Esifuirr, vn.'te on the Uh July, 1788, by Lord Dorchester, Governor- General. Also, a certain other tract of land situate nn the wpstcrnmost extrmiily of Chaleurs Bay running up (ho river Ristig. '■: he, almul 15 miles to llio first point of land hcldw Battery Point, beginning at a boundary line, 1 50 chains east of the bottom d tlie easternmost hay of Nouvel Bason, running north, 23 degrees east to tliu mountains, thence bounded by their course nt an average depth of '10 chains Irom high watermark to their base, round Nouvel Bason wcfclward to n small cove, 3i)0 chains we^t of the said first meniion- "d hay, braiing from the nortlicrnmost exlioniity of Migoaclia Point, being a sand bank north 64 degrees west, the superficial content of the said last described lands is 2080 acres. Also, a tract of Innil, beginning at the nfiiresaid cove, and running the several courses of Point Migoacha, to the weslerii extremity of n ^''t Tiiirsh, distant from n point where tiie inacccssihlc . 2- ' ''; «. about 60 chains, thence to the said |K)iDt, cun -OOO acres. Alsi ertain tract, beginning at the first men- ' lioned p.)int, lielow Battery Point, north 19 degrees and a hall east, 80 chains, thence south 88 degrees east, 89 chains, thence north 33 degrees east, 80 chains, thenre north 83 degrees cast, 69 chains, thenco north 56 degrees esist, 107 chains, ihenco south 80 de- grees cast, 23 chains, thence south 50 degrees east, 58 chains, thonre south 67 degrees east, 49 chains, liiencc north 68 degri.s east, 88 <:hains, thence south 66 degrees cast, 57 chains, thence south 65 degrees east, 84 chains, thence south 73 degrees oast, 150 : (diains, thence S4)uth 29 degrees east, 95 chains, thenco south 12 degrees east, 175 chains, llience south 11 de- grees east, 55 chains, thence south .tG degrees west, 40 chains to Vacta Point, cimtaining 6550 acres, more or less (A true Copy.) (Signeil,) Thomas Parke, Surveyor General. Survevor General's Ofiice, Kingston, 9th May, 1844. (Signed) J. C. Quebec 22nd May, 1788. (A troe copy,) (Signed,) Thomas Parke, Surveyor General. Surveyor General's Office, Kingston, 9th Moy, 1844. No. 15. Description of the Ristigouche River from a To- pographical Dictionary, of the Province of Lower Canada, by Col. Joseph Bomhette, Surveyor General of Lower Canada, London, 1831. " Ristigouche river, divides almut half of the county of Bonaventure from the Province of New Bruns- wick. It rises in many sources in the county of Rimoiis- ki, and falls into the Bay of Chaleurs, forming at its m /uth a considerable expansion called Ristigouche Bay. " The Indian village, called New Mission Point, is almut 5 leagues up this river, at the head of tlie ship navigation, to which schooners and even larger ves- sels can ascend. From the Indian village the river is much interrii|)tcd by shoals during the dry season of the year to Mr. Adams's, a neat establishment and the last settlement in the district. The river forms be- tween those two points a deep bey, along which are settled from six (u eight families, much on the aamo [41] I -I system HH Ihitt of iIik CHnadiiin funncrs. Al Mr. Atlums'.H the river is diviilrd iiidi iiuiiktoiis i;iiiiiiiicls by iilanil!!, .tutiie of wliicli are i>iie to llireo miles long; the Koullit'rn I'lmnncl is liowuvcr the most nnvi- Rnhie nt all seasoim. On the Now RriiiiHWick side tiourishinp; MttlemRiitH aro to he seen, wliieh, with the small ohuri'h of the Mission in the diNliint |H'rs|icctivp, and the prominont mountains to the south ea.it, nom- bine to enhance tlio beauty of the landsrn|ie. Pro- coedinii, iiiwards in a west hy south rourso from Mr. Adams's, between several islands whifli ciPiitract iho ohunnol about the distanro of one miln and a qiiiirtcr, the river is iiiterru|iled by a ninsidernblc ni|iid, wlii'h is however easily surmounted by the surprisinp skill of the Indian in the maiiagc^ment of his riinne, so pc- culiar to the Mirmne trilw whirh inhabits this part of the country. At this plare, on the south shore, there is a |;o()d road that runs alonj; the Ray of Risli^ourlie, an wliich arc settled, upon lots of :wo hundred acres each, about forty families. The land, which assumes a highland appearance, descends in a irentlu slope to the river, niwl is thus rendered more [ractitable for a road and eligible for settlers. From this plare the river takes a western course to the moutii of the Matii- pediac, interspersed with several small isliinds : its banks arc clothed with mixed timber, amongst which, however, quantities of pine may be cluarly distinguisli- " The country on this river is generally mountainous, from the Indian village to near the portage on the Wagansis, and with little exception the hills advance to the edge of the water, apjiearing for the most part unfit fur the purposes of agriculture, being in general stupendously high and steep, and in some places almost precipitous : there arc, however, small intervals of Alluvial land in some places ; but tbey are not very frequent, nor sufficiently extensive for any considerable settlements. The face of the country near the river Wngansis, and on the Kistigouche for some distance be- low it, is more level than in the lower parts of the latter river ; but a settlement hereabout would labour under mony disadvantages, arising from the distance of other settlements and the diHiculty of approsicbing it. The borders of the river Ristigouche are covered with very fine timber for buibling, a great deal of which is taken for purposes of commerce. This river is remark- able for its salmon fishery, which formerly aroounteil to 3000 Itarrols ; at present the whole amount of the salmon fishery in the district of Gasp6 is estimated at only 2000 barrels |)Ci annum : the sidmon is exported to Quebec, Halifax and the West Indies. This majestic river and its numerous tributar'ea branch over more than 2000 square miles of New Brunswick and Canii- da. Tlic inhabitonts at what may l)e considered the harbour of Ristigouche, and those ut the thinly inhabited settlements at Nouvelle, Tracadigiish and Cascapediac, consist of a mixed population of English, Scotch, I' ish, American and Acadian French, who employ them- selves in the diflerent occu|)ations of fishing, liewing timber, and farming on a very humble scale. Eight miles up the Ristigouche is an Indian chapel, where the Indians occasionally form a small village of wig- wams, which after a few weeks, they socm displace, and packing up these |>ortable habitati(ms with all their •took, embark with them in their c^mocs for some other part of the country. " The trees, principally the fir tribes, grow to an im- mense height and size, and a great timber country may be opened on this river. Tlie quality is in great re- pute among the timber dealers in England, especially in the port of Liverpool, and considered equal to tbat imported from Miramichi. " Tlio best timber grows in the valleys behind the mountainous ridges, wliich, in most places, folhiw Iho winding of tJie streams. The indefatigable lumberers, overcome natural obstacles that would stagp r the reso- lution of other puple, they cut the timber and haul it, in winter, to pla<:e8 where there is often no water iu summer or winter, but which they well know will lie overflown when the spring thaws dissidve the snow on llie muuntains and in the woods." No. 16. DeKcriplion of Ihe liisli^ouche rii'cr, extracted from a hislorij of the northern part of Ihe Pro- vince of Sew Hrun»wick, by Robert C'ooney (of Miramichi S. B.) Hatijax N. S. 1832. " The Restigoucho or Big river, so colled in contra- distinction to the Miramichi, a somewhat smaller one, is the principal river in the county of Glocester. It ri- ses near Taumistjuatic Lake, a large and beautiful pond suppliying Ihe Madawaska ; is supposed to be more than 220 miles long ; deiscrilies a general course of £, N. E. ; ' rhcrished by numerous appendant streams ; and rolls '.hroiigh a large and commmlious harbour, in- to the bead of La Baie des Chalcurs, in conjunction with which it forms the separating lino between Lower Canada and New Brunswick. " As the settlements and principal liwal characteristics of this river, lie within 70 miles of its entrance, we shall commence our description at the latter, and thence proceed towards its source. " Tlie entrance of the Restigoucho is about 3 miles wide, and is formed by two higher promontories of Red Sandstone : the one on the north side, is called Point Magashim ; that on the south, Bon Ami's Rock. This ojiening is bold, and finely develo|icd ; is acces- sible in all weathers ; is not encumbered by a singlo bar or shoal ; and contains upwards of 9 fathoms of water. On the south side, two miles above the en- trance, is the town of Dalhousic, consisting ufafew houses, and two or three mercantile establisTinients, of which the most extensive, is that of Messrs. Hugh and John Montgomery. " The site of this town is a level eminence, and bet- ween it, and two small, but elevated Islands in front, a good broad channel of G or 7 fathoms in depth, flow- ing towards the town, forms a fine safe harbour, where vessels may load within u quarter of a mile of the shore. The north, or main channel, commences bet- ween the islands and Magasbua, and flowing over a .soft bottom, runs a VV. S. W. course of 18 miles, car- rying to that extent, a good traversable breadth, vary- ing from 8 to 4 fat'ioms in depth. Here, after bathing the bod of a projection, it branches into two passages, which 'mougti n>irrow, arc 3 miles long, and contain from 1 i to 16 feet at low water. Four miles above this, whither the tide flows, the river is upwards of a mile wide ; and fr>m thence, to within 40 miles of its source, it is navigul le for light canoes. " Thus the Restigouche, independently of its great agricultural and commercial resources, is eminently distinguished by two important maritime features, namely, it is in some degree, navigable for 180 miles from its entrance ; and it contains a safe and commo- dious harbour, 18 miles long, 2 miles wide, and more than sufiicicntly deep for the largest class of British mcichont men. [42] " At first view, llio country, on Uitli sidoii of tliiH ri- ver, uml ull round it, cvun to tlio utinoHt verge ufohMtr- vuiioii, pruMinls un ii|i|icnranct< vxcccniingly i{runil Rnd iinpri'.Hsivu. Wlintuvfr way the oyo wundiTii, licforu it lies R suoiningly inlcrminublu rugioii of huge luid lol'ly inountuins. Nothing is to bu fuvn but nn alm-utliing tbrougb nn iil- most iiiliiiile nuinlier of luV'\^iind rivers, glensand valley s, Of tliese mountains, souie are elegantly tlowered with lull pines ; otiiers sustain a line growth of bard WimxI ; many have aswamjiy summit, and several terminate in ri< li meadows and jilains. Son)'.- of them aru conical- ly formi'd ; many exhibit considerahle rotundity ; some an' lank and attenuated, and others there are, whose ligure aial eonslrurlion I confess myself nnable to deserilK'. Let the ri'ader conloui|ilato for a moment, this inunciiw surl'ace of geological incongruities ; and while the ^entinll'nts inspireil bv this study are glowing in his bosom, let him lis bis eye u|h)ii the lundscope, taking care to rememlK r, tli.it an irrcgidar, but exten- sive^ distribution of treineiulous elilfs, darling their points through and far above the loftiest of the trees, dot it all over with bristling spires that seem lo coipiet with the : rioiids. For 70 miles from its debouchure, the river is lined on bolii sides by two stripes of high, but level land, eMending upon an average, more iban a mile back ; with however, a b'W prominent elevations, oc- cupying the very edge of the water, and mainlaining a position, something like the bastions of a rampart. " These two banks of Inbic bind, appear lo be a slralified formation of red snnd stone, and oilier secon- dary rocks, inU:' rsed with limestone, course granite, &c, the whole overlaid by a loiimy covering of clav and gravel. Immediately in the rear of, ai.d all round these slrijies, lie the desultory profusion of mountains I have endeavored to describe. The natural fertility of these plains, is considerably augmented by enriching conlribulinns carried down from the moimlains, by erosion, rain, overflowing of rivers, bursting of lakes, and other external agenls. And thus cherished, ihev produce very luxuriant crops of wheat, oats, rye, bar- ley, vegetables, &c. ' i-roceeding towards the interior, to liic dislnnrn I liavc mentioned, the river, from its own course and llie disposition of the land, agreeably deieives you ; at every fix miles one seems to be entering a new lake. Having advanced about 70 miles from the entrance, ibe lai. I becomes compaialivcly level. Here, and all the way towards the head of the river, is a line bold and open country, consisting of a rich upland, skirted with large tracts of intervals, and covered with a dense and unviolalcd growth of mixed wood, in which large groves of pine are very conspicuous, " Descending from generals to particulars, let us now lake a closer view of ibis mngnilicent river. In a brief historical sketch of Gaspe, contained in the finirlb part of this book, the reader will find a detailed ac- count of an action that took place between the French and English on the Rcstigouche. We shall now no- tice the particular places mure intimately connected with this transaction. " As well to remove all doubt, concerning what I liavc advanced on this subject, as to obtain credit for what I am about to relate, it may be necessary to in- form the reader, ibat I obtained the particulars from a tlemi-ofiicial account published in the monthly chrono- logy of a periodical paper, intituled " The London Magazine, or " Gentleman's Monthly Intelligencer." Of this demi-olficial account, tlio following is an exact co]>y verbatim et literalim. " London, August 30lli, 1760. " Admiralty Orrici:. — tty a letter dated llie 2nd instant at Halifax from Captain Allen, commander of His Majesty's ship, the UepuUe, it appears Ihut upon intelligence received from the (lovernorof Louiiburgh, of some French ships of war and store ships, with troops and stores on board, being in Chaleur Uay, in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, Captain Uyron, in Mis Majesty's ship the Fame, proceeded with several uf His Majesty's ships in quest of them, and finding them in the said Kay, the Fame, Repulse, and Scurboroug, after much diljicully got up, and on the Stii uf July, destroyed the whide consisting of three frigates, viz : the Marcbault, llio liienfaisani, the Marquis do Mar- lose and another ; besides twenty-two schooners, sloops and small privateers, with n great ipiantily of provi- sions and stores, A more circumstantial account is daily expected from Captain Uyron, who had sent Lieutenant Lord Kulberford, witli bis despatches by way of New York." " Of this account the subjuined is u literal transcript. " London, 8ib September, 17 CO. " Hy despatches received from Captain Byron, se- nior officer of His lirilannic Majesty's ships at Louis- bnrgb, and dated 2Glh of July, it appears ihat Captain H. upon receiving inlelligcnce from Hrigndier General Whilmore, that a French fleet bad sailed up Chaleur Bay, proccciled with the Fame, Dorcelshire, Achilles, Scarborough and Repulse in quest of them. Having deslroved one French ship. La Cntharina, in Gasp6 Bay, Captain Byron proceeded lo a large river, called by llio Indians Rustigushi. Here be found the remain- der, consisting of ibe Marcbault of 32 guns; the Es- ptrancc of SO ; the Bienfaisant of 22 ; and the Mar- quis de Marloze of 18 ; logciber with twenty-two sloops and small vessels. When our fleet appeared off the Rustigushi harbour, tho enemy proceeded up the river, and anchored above two battories, mounted on the north side of it. These being but iiulifl'erenlly served were soon silenced, and the ships, alter a short resistaiite, were all sunk or taken. Captain Byron then deslroved the town of Petite Rochelle, containing upwards of 200 lumses, and also buth uf the batteries." " The Magazine from which I obtained these ex- tracts, I borrowed from Mr. Jo»e[ih Spralt, of Chatham, neither of us knowing at the time, that it contained such information. " On the south side, 8 miles above the entrance, is point Ainimpk, a considerable elevation, which, as its name implies, was formerly a rcronnoilering post with the Indians. In the vicinity of this point, are unequi- vocal indications of an extensive cual mine. " Point I.e Guard, on tho north side, is nearly twelve miles from the entrance. It is a bluirhi,w-|mn, of Freiicli cmiitlrui tlon, lying mouth (lownwnrils, hiiiI iiniiiir it a boltlu of iiiiiliis!ii'>. The pnii has licvn in connliuit use cvur s'lmu, iiiiil to i judge frotn itx prckent hciillhy ii|i|ieiirnnc(', i.s likvly to ■urvivo 20 years mure. Among othur arlicli's, Kaiil to '' hnve been found u( this point, ii pair of dut'lliiig pislols, | u liHndsoinu regulation sword, and a stniil! <'nw of wini', : are enumerated. Here, nt Ihu edge of the ilianni'l and visible at low water, are the runiaiiis of lit'! two '^ French vessals, purl of the Ib.'utdestrtiyed by Uyron. " .\ little above the biiltcry point, is tlio morcnnlile ostablisbtncnt of |)can and Ailkin, tin' lirsl iinil llie la>t house that I visited in Cinaila. I nii'tiliiin tlils rir- ' cumstani'o to allord niysidf un opportunity of icniluring my griilcfiil iii'knowliMl'4"inviitN to llic kind kimI hospitable proprietors. 'Iliis liou«e, and (bat of >lr. FeterSul'u'rI.ind, lately cslablislicd a short di.slance from I*, are llie inily ri'sidenl menbanls on llie norlb side of the river. Four miles above this, is Point I'lcas.inl, j Ihu residenri' of F.dward .). Man, esipiirc. To the ' propiiety of lids nami', I cordially rrndcr my nsscnl ; for during a residenri- of I 1 l.iys, I fiiiiil it to be Point Pleasant, indeed. From every member of Mr. Man's amiable lan)ilv, did I receive (lie most polite allenlion, and to him and his son, am I deeply iiulebted for nnicli of the information conlained in this book. .At the cili^e of the channel, opposite to Mr. M.in's, are the remains of another sunken vessel, from which sumo of the oaken timbers, some cutlasses, and other things, have been Gxtracleil. '■ On the south side, nearly apis)siln to Point Plea- Siint, is anodier projeciioii called Martin's Point, for- merly a French village, and now ornamenled by a handsome Presbyterian church, lately erected by the mutual exertions of the inhal)itants nf both sides of the river. Through this point Hows a tolerably large stream, on which, the present proprietor, Kobert Fergusm, cs4jiiire, has a very good saw mill and grist mill. " A short distance above this, is the establishment of Messrs. Adams, about a mile in the rear of which is a large mountain, called from its conical forin, the Sugar Loal'. It rises about 71)0 feet above the level of the plain, is composed of a spiral mass of granite, clothed with MM'ondary formation, and is, at its base, from 2i to 3 miles in circumference. This mountain is inaccessible on all sides, except the east, where it can be ascended by a rude, but natural lliglit of steps, formed by several projections. \ mile and a half in the rear of this mountain is a beautiful lake, abundantly slocked with large red trout, and surrounded by a level plain, well clothed with hardwood. " Directly opposite, on the other side of the river, is Mission Point, an exceedingly rich tract of hind, comprising upwards of 1200 acres, and owned by the Micmacs, to . ..'o hundred of whom it alFords a per- manent residence. This settlement consists of a chapel, capable of containing 300 jM^rsons, together with a Mission House, a burying ground, and 21 dwelling Iiuuses. The houses are constructed of l.igs, covered with shingles or boards ; they are all providcil with chimneys and stoves ; and some of them have even chairs, bedsteads, tables and similar other conveniences. Most of the honseholders own live stock, consisting of oxen, cows, swine, &c., some of them have houses ; one of them owns a small schooner of 25 tuns; and others have small fishing boats. " The Indians residing hero, are generally moral in their deportment, and industrious in their habits. They demean themselves soberly and peaceably, contributing nnicb to their own rispeclabilily and comfort by an- nually raising a small slock of indian corn, Imniiis, P'llaliii's, kc. The K. (.'. Missionary residing nt ('aib'ton, is iheir spiritual director, he visits them twice a year, remaining a niiinlh each time ; and for lliese services is paid by a legislative grant frotn Ca- naila. The Mi.'-sion House and (be chapel were buill exclusively by the Indians, " Mission Point is a very eligible silo for n smal! town, and would, if granted fur thai purpose, be soon iieenpied. The rear might be prolitably disposiMl in garden Int.', and the front in building ones. The bigldands are inure than a mile and a half back, and are aliiii.ilai.lly slncKed with black birch, and several varieties of lirewood ; and a good cliannvl fur a vessel ''f Iwii liiindred tons, winds close inlo the beach, whih^ a ciiiiliiiuoiis Mat, or miilille ground, provides an excel- li'iit Salmon Fishery. Of these advanlages, and of the end III which they might be applied. Lord Dalhonsie seemed to be aware, when lie otfered the Indians i^tiDO, and twice as much laiiil elsewhere, if ihey would resign their title. " Nearly opposite to this Point, and a little above it, are the remains of two vessids, bnlh visible nt low water. These are supposed to have hi en the Hien- faisant and the Marquis do Ahirhize, and from the one coniectiired to have Is'en the former, were a set of rudder irons lalely recovered, which were used 1 believe, in the re-eipiipment of the tiordim Castle, a vessel belonging to Mr. Ferguson. " Three miles above this, is Pointe-au-Bourdo, the site of that Petit KiH'helle, which Myron destroyed in the summer of 17Ct). It was called by the Indians Kaa- lonkong, or (Jrindstone '"oint, to signify the quality of the red sand stone mountains with which its vicinity abounds. Its present name is derived from the sepul- 1 tore of Monsieur Honrilo, (he oHicer who commanilcd the Marchault, and wlio was killed in the action, and buried here. " Here, along the shore, and at the foot of the mountains, cellar walls, foundations of houses, and other memorials of an old and extensive sj'ttlement, are visible. Here also, have gun barrels, old guns, i;uii locks, bayonets, &c., been occasionnally discovered. Mr. Hnstecd, the owner of Battery Point, is also the proprietor of Ibis ; and three or four years iigo, did a servant of his, while ploiinhing some land, a short distance from where a service of china had been pre- viously dug up, find a four pronged silver fork, and a silver table spoon, both marked with the letters (•. M. 1). .At the west end of this Point, is nl.so the hull of a vessid, from which band-grenaiK's, small bomb-shells, and some olhcr projectiles have been occasionally taken. " A little above the point is a small stream called Olbcer.s' Creek ; it is a romantic little spot ; and from some fashionable articles found about the ruins of'i house in the neighlKiurhood, it may lie inferred, that it was once the residence of a person of some distinction. Near this are also a set of launch ways, whi(-h must have been used by the French, in the construction of a tiderably large vessel. Several pieces of cannon have al.so been found here ; and one of them, a 12 pounder, I think, Mr. Busteed has lately inserted in the hack of a new fire place. Mr. Man of Point Pleasant, has also an elegant parlour stove, made from a carrnnade of the same calibre This conversion of instruments of death, into means of promoting human comfort, is ana- logons to O'Leary's description of the benificent fmils of religions toleration. " The stake, " says that eloquent writer, " which formerly burned the heretic, now cooks a dinner for him. " 12 [44] " Opposili' to Missimi I'dIiiI, is Alliol lloiiw, (ho ' rv.siili'iico 1)1' KiilxTt I'V'i'KiiMiii, i'M|iiiri', wlmst! Iiiily, I liclii'Vft, CV-, t'laiin tlix ili.>>liii('lii>ii nl' litMii){ llic lirxt (liild Itiirii III' Kii^IIaIi jMrtiits nil ilir Ki'sliifiiiclii'. A litllu iiliiivn M. hVi'i;iiM>ii'. 1)Urlat;o nl' ii inili's ji'ailili); Inwards llii' licuil ill' tlic j '|mili|uit('li. It riiiii llirnii^li ri'iiiaikalily liiii' latiil, \ rt'vunliiii; an rxIciiNivit plain wull cnvcrcil willi liaril- | WoihI. Tills pnrla^c was iipciii'il by a li'W lalHiiircrs in |H;j7, and aitlinii^li iinl in n vtTy ^oimI slate at prrsi iii, it nii);lit liy a iniHliTalv outlay, iio niadi- a pcnnairnt mid iisa'Ail liiif ol'niininiiniralinii. Wli.it rr< iiiiiiiiriMJs tliis road tn a sliiirt' nl' piililir allrnlinii is : it lias a i;n id lirm linltnin ; rt'ijuirrs no liridi;i'S ; lias a li'W m'II'i-is niroady uii it ; and Ims a ii'iid'ncy to roiiiiL'i^t tlii' main river with unu uf its* principal braiiilii.'s." No. 17. Description of the Rifiligouclif rit'er e.iiracteil from \ the Report of a Lecture deliirreil b)) — I'crlei/, . Esijuire, of Saiut John, A'. B. on the SIh of l)e- j cemher, 1813. From the" New Hrunsiricker^' ' a Newspoper of Saint John, A'. B. December l\th 1H4S. I I " Last Friday, Mr. Porlcy rcsiimrd liis siilijfrt at lialliurst Uarlioiir, and prnct'edi'd llivncc HJnni; tlic | coast of the Bay of ('lialcur, towards Dalliousie. Tbo , distance between Hatliurst and Dallioiisie was staled to be about sixty niiies, and alllioiif;h there were only two or three considerable rivers interscclinj; the j^reat road in that distance, yet there was an inlinity c'" brooks and streams, and perhaps on no road in the Province uf similar length, were there .so many bridges. " The coast iMjtwcen the two points mentioned, wa.s ; dpscrik'd as ijiiile low and very level ; and this level laial extended back from the shore for live or six miles, when a hilly and broken tract of wilderness counlry ;i commenced. The streams took their rise amid these i hills, and their sources were frequently very close to ' each other, although they took widely dilferent courses, i The little Nepisiguit was the first stream mentioned ; i it was said to rise near the Tattagouche, and to In; but of small size. The Nigadoo came next, « pretty stream, 15 or 20 miles long, flowing over a clear bot- , tom, and the settlement of Petit Rocher, lying near it, ' was described. The settlers at Petit Koclier were said to be Acadian French, who neglected their farms to follow fishing and lime burning, and were miserably '. poor. The limestone was of good quality and abun- dant ; the [icople burned it in badly constructed kilns, with great Waste of time and labour, and then carried it down the Hay, and even as far as Prince Edward Island, for .sale. The Elm Tree and Belle Dune rivers, both small streams, were next in order. They are four miles apart, and between them is the flourishing settlement of IJelle Dune. The houses are neat, and there is a pretty cha|)vl, the settlers are Irish catholics, who came to this country exceedingly poor, but by their n«n industry and prudence have rai.scd themselves to comfort and independence. Nine miles from Belle Dune is the Jaquet river, a large stream, forty-five miles hing, rising in the hilly country, near the sources of the .Nepisiguit and Upsalquitch. The Imrdcrs of this furnish quantities of lartce white pine, which can he driven for 30 miles. Mr. Wightman carried the barometrical survey uf the buundary Commissioners from (irand Fall* to the Hay of Chaleur, by (ho Jaquet river, and the hills on the up|M-r part of the river weru found by him to lie from HOO to IKHH'ect high. There is a good harbour at the mouth of this river, in -t and h fathoms water, sheltered by Heron Island. This island was desci'ilied as u long narrow slip of land, lying pandlel with the main, at u short distance from i(, uiid having good water and line fishing all ruund it. " A proinissing settlement at N«.sh's creek was men- tioned, as also the river Benjamin and the river Oliarln, all small slrcMins, and (he Eel river M!((lenient was poinlrd out, and slated to have U^en first formed by set- tlers from the Ish' of Arran, who had succeeded very well. The mouth of Eel river was shown on the map, and described as having a bar of sand across it a mile hi'ig, thrown up by easterly gales, and along lliis seu W'lll of Siinil and gravel the great road to Dal- liousie pas "d. The bar JiiriiH'd within a wide Imsiii of shallow wa'er, with a soft minhly iNiltom, that |h'cu- liar sort of bhi'k mud, in which the Eels delight to bury theniselves during winter. The basin of Eel river is coii-'len d the Wnl Eel ground in the Province, and one of the . est sjHits for wild fowl shooting in all New iiriiiiswick, wild fiiwl of every description, but more particularly brant and geese, being ubundant beyond all bt-licf. " The eels were staled (o he the principal ToikI of the Miciiiacs at all tiine.s, and the various moih's of sjiear- ing (hem, bnlh in siimnier and winter, were clearly descriU'd, and the several speais used by (ho Indians Were shown. " The lecturer here mentioned, that all the coast from Hatliurst tn Dalliousie abnuiided in fish of eierv description, and that small fish were so abundant at times, as to lie spriMid on the land for manure — lobsters also were used for the same purpose, as at Carraquet, where every hill of potatoes had on it uno or more hib.stcr shells. " The tide flows 4 mih's up Eel river, above which there is a large tract of level land, of good quality, surrounded and sheltered by the lofty hills of the Kes- tigonchi!. The Colebrooke settlement is forming on this tract, and is said to olTer [leculiar advantages to settlers. There is a high ridge of trap rock, sepa- rating Eel river from Dalhousie, called CharleforVs Hill, tohich is very abrupt on the Eel river side, and sloping totcard the Restigouche ; at the base of the slope is the town of Dalhousie. " The entrance of the Restigouche is three miles wide, with nine fathoms of water, a noble entrance to a noble river. The Bay of Chaleur terminates here ; it is 85 miles long, varying from 15 /o 30 miles in width, and in the whole of its length and breadth, the lecturer said, there was neither rock, reef, or shoal. " Tlic Restigouche was descrilied as being 320 miles long ; its Indian name implied " the river which di- " vides like the hand," in allusion tu its separation above the tide, into five principal streams or branches. " Dalhousie, at its entrance, was ilescribed as a very neat town, containing about 130 houses, and 1000 in- habitants ; the streets were said to be broad and clean. In front of the town there are some excellent wharves, with large and well sheltered timber ponds, a crescent shaped basin, and an island, form an excellent harbour, where ships of any size can load in perfect safety. The present extensive trade of Restigouche was said to have sprung up about 1325, since which, Dalhousie and Campbelltown have been built ; the whole trade of this river is carried on from the New Brunswick side, [ 4f> ] «nil this wiiN (liurN to iH'run- iili tlir ailviiiitii^i'n n|' iHixltiiin, l which WiH owitiK howrvtir in u Krciil inciifinri' to (hi- I iittur ni>i;li>('t of \\\f Dixtrirl of (iii!i|i)'' liy (ht- Ciiniiiliini Koviirnmi'iit, which ajipouruil uho^l.'lhut ij^niiratit of tin wluo. " A very fine tranniNirnnt ninp, of oxrfcdinjj hirifi- hIio, was kIiowh, I'xhiliilin); Ihi! river Kcsliifoiiclii' from Diilliousiis to Ciiin|iliulh chaiiiiel ch'arly ih'lint'd. 'I'liis inn|) whs iirciiiircd ; liy Mr. Sladcr, under the ilireition of the lecliirer, I from a survey made hy Mr. Mai'donnlil, cd' (isiHlH', and i had ail excidlenl eli'ect. Cain|ilielllown whs pointed I out, Hliil said to coiilHiii .'it) or (ill lionKes and alioul i •UM) inlmhitants. The Sutrar l.oaf Hill, a hii;li e(Uiiral i ins under t'.e authority of the Pro- vince of New Brunswick, the 3rd June, 1813. " Unto Adam Gerard, junior, Adam Ferguson, Junior, John Adams, Alexander MalcoN, John Dun- can, Kalph Christopher, William Pratt, William Dun- can, Thomas Busteed, seuior, Samuel Grint, John Diamond, George Grant, Alexander Borland, Patrick Murphy, Jamet Gerrard, James Ryan, David Conna- jchan, Peter Adams, Thomas Busteed, junior, and Adam Gerard, in severalty. I " The second division beginning at a marked spruce I tree standing on or ncarthe south shore of Restigouche I river afore.said, at the lower or north east corner or ' bounds of the tract formerly granted to Samuel Lee and four others, and about one hundred and thirteen I chains measured on a direct line custerly from the northern extremity of Old Church Point above men- \ tioned, thence or from the said spruce tree running south one hundred and fifty chains or along the lower or east line of the said grant, to the south-east corner thereof, thence east two hundred chains or to meet the upper or west line of the lot number eighteen, grant- ed in a former grant to Joseph Diamond, thence along the Slid west line north until it meets the south shore of the Restigouche river aforesaid, at the entrance of I [ >•'• ] WHiki'rN Himik, ilii'iicc | ill)' iMiicI miiilli Kliiirr ii|i Kli'i'iini iir wrslfrlt , iiiilil it Mii'iitit till' r|iriin.' tri'i> at tlic llir II liiir riiiiiiiiii; imrili tin n-- I'riiin, wliii'li MT'ihil ilivi'iiiiii IN iliviili'il iiiln tlmii'iii liilt nr |iliiiiliiliiilii iiiiiiiIhii'iI Inuii iiiiiiilaT \\\r to iiiilii- InT si'Vrlili'i'li Inilli ilirlilHlvi', iil' wliirll IiiIn llic IoIn llilllilii'rril I'lM', M'Vt'ii, t'iitlit, rli'Vi'ii iiiiil M'M'iitrcii iiri' only iiirliiili'il in iIiin uniii', lli>.' rullluiliiliK tight liitx lH'ili){ graiilLiI in Ini'iiH'r uniiiiH, " A tnit- lAlnirt iil' tlir ^riint tu AiIhim (ivriirtl iiml olliura, iluluil 3nl Jiilif, IHI2. " (Signed,) \V.M. V. OVKUJ ViDR, also till- I'roviiiciiil Slutiili' nl' New Uriiiiv wii'k, 7tli (ini. 4, ('»|i. .'il. Si'ctiiiii .')., riiiiliMiinl in this A|i|ii'ilili\ Nil. ^.1, [iiiut! 17. AImi, tlir I'lovili- riiil iStiitiilf III' \i'W liriiiiMwtck, .'ml V'iit. ('m|i. III. St'c. I., ilrscriliinn tlir limit iil'llii' luiri^lirs nl D.iIIkhi- nio mill Aililiiigton, ituim.' Aii^iuiix. No. ;!7, ['ugf 4^. No. 20. II O U N n A K I E S oif c o u N T I p: s IN THE PROVINCE OF Ni:W BRUNSWICK. Extract from the Provincial Slatute of Mew ttruns- wick 2G//i Geo. :ird. Cap. I, intituled, " .In act " for the better ancertainin/; and cnnfirtninif the " Boundaries of the xevernl counties uiithin thin " Province, and for subdividing them inio Towns " or Parialies.'" " Wlioreas His Most (irntimis Majesty, liv His Roval l.cttiTS I'ati'nl under the Great Seal of this I'rovinie, healing J,:!? ilie eighteenth day ol' May, one thuusaiiil fieven hundred and eighty live, was jileased to erect and eonstituto into one distinct and separate connlv, all that tract or district of land situate in this Pro- vince, boundifl southerly on the Bay of Fiindy, east- erly hy llo|iewell Townsliip, and a line running from the north west corner of said townslii|), due north into the country, northerly hy a line running cast north- east unil west siiii'h-west, from the southerninost |ioint of the Kiainoheckacis Inland, lying at the mouth of the river Kennelicckacis, where it joins the nvn Saint John, and westerly hy a iliie north lino from Point I.e Froe, in the Hay of Fiindy aforftsaid. .\nd tlid thereby nrilain, cstahlish and declare, that all and singular the lands and waters ciim|irist'l within tlir, limits aforesaid, should for ever thereaUer iw, continue and remain a distinct anil separate county, and inckding the City of Saint John, should be chlled, known an.' distinguished by the name of the city and county of Sai.it John. " And whereas hy like letters patent since passed, , His Majesty was further pleased to erect and constitute I into one distinct and separate county all tiiat tract ur ' I distrii t of laiiil situate in this Provinn , Isiuiided i'«kI> urly hy llic Proviliti' of Nova Srolui, hiiiI the gulf of St. I.Hwri'iKc, niirlherly hy H due wesi lin« running mill ihii rKiiiiiry Irniii tint norlln'riiniiml point of iho liii'p' i«liiiid, III the liioiilli or entruiii'i' of ( liediiic Hay or liiirlKiiir, xeslirly h( a line iN'giiining at m point in the iiiirlh lionndiiry line of Saint John's louiily, duo iinilli lioiii (jiiurii lliMil in the Itiiy of KuimK, uiiiI iiiiiiiiil; north into ilie loiiiitrv until it nio'tn wiiil wc't lull', mill soimIiitIv by ilie loiinty of Siiiiil John aliiic- siiiil, mill llie lliiy of ( liiKiiei to, iiliil did theieby ordain, , ciiuililikli iind ili'( hire, that all iiiiil singular land* iiiiil wiiirr* ( iHiijiriM'd wilhiii the liniiln alorcuid, ahouhl fir I'lcr ilirri'iilii'i In', I'oiiliiiiie and mnain a disliiiit I .mil Ni'|iiirHli' ciiiiiilt to lie rulh'd, kimwii and dixlin- I giiiNliril hy ihi' iiaii.e of the Count) of Wiolinorluiid, I: " AimI when-as by like letlcrN pntcnl since passid. Mis Miiii" Kill' liiHiiiirl and sepaiiilr i'iiiiiil\, anolbir Irad or dls- Irirl of bind, HJiiiiiti' in thr wi'slrrii pari of this Province, Ihiiiniliil on the south by the Hiiv of Kmiibiy, on the Wot hy till' river Sardiac or Sainii' t'rui\, and lbl^ wi'slerii'>liiire of the Itiiy of Pass.iiiiiiipiiilily, inrlniliiig the island of (iriiiid Munmi, on the eiisl by a iliii' ii C'lmiiiencing in ibr said norlli line lliirty miles disliint Irmn (loiiit I.e Proe iil'ores.iiil. ,\iii| did tlitreby nrilain, I'stablisb and derbiri' tliiil nil and siiignbir the laiiils.iiiil > .ers i'om|irisi'il witliiii the limits al'ores.iid, sboiibi for ever tlieiriifier Ih', ciiiiliniK' and reiiiiin a disiinil iind separate coiinly, to bu cHllcit, known and disliii- guished by the naniu of the County of I'harlulle. " Anil whereas by like letters patent sinco |m«(ied, another tract or district of land Iting within ih s Pri>- vince, bounded southerly by the county of VVistnior- liind, easterly by the gulf of Saint l^awrilice and llm May lies Clialeurs, northeilv by the said Kay and tlio southern lioundarv of the Provinrti of (jiii'Ih'c, ami wcterly by a coniinualion of the weslern boiinihiry line of the said county of Westmorland, and also erected into one distini'l and se|iaiHle coiinly, to U' called and known by the nnmu of the CuiL-iiy of N'orthumherlanil. " Atu] whereas by like letl<'rs patent in like manner since passed, another tract or dislrici of bind, lying within this Province, on botli sides the river Saint John, bounded on the south by the county of Saint John, on the west by Charlotte couiitv, on the east by the counties of Westmorland and Nortliiimberbind, and on the norlii by a line running south-west atal north-east, from the south point of Spoon Island, lying in Saint John's river, was also erected into one distinct and s*(> ilio wi!*liir>i IniiiimU of NiirtliiiiiilMT- IhiicI i^iiiiiity, anil •oiilli-wott to ilic imniiTii ImuiiiU nf thn ciiuiily ul' ClmrlDllit, wiii hIiui uri'i'tcil inln oiu' ilia* tiiK't mikI MpurHln ciiiinly, tn Imi cullud Hiid known by till! luiiiiii tii'tbu Oouiity of York. " And wlipri'Ai liy like liittcr* (mli-nl, in like man- ner tini'it |)uii»ihI, IIhi <:iiini(y iil' Sunliiiry Wiiii liiiiilpil mid biiiindi'd on lIui niirlli>\vi'Nl liv ilio <'<>mity nl' Vork, on ill*' norili-cuNt by Ilio roiiiily ol Noriliniiilu'rliiiid, on Iliti toiilliH'iikt by (jiiitii'n niiitilv, niid un llic kniilii- wuiit by ihu couiily ol' CliurUillii." No. 21. khnll till durnwd iho iHiuiidury line uf lliv cniinly of NiirlliiiiiilH'rIiiiid, iiiid llii' ilividiiig Iliiu IkiIwi'VII lliut iiiid (III! uiljoiiiing I'ounlivi. No. 2:j. Extract ffonx the Proiiinriat SIntuIrn of Srw Hninii- wick, iTthUeo. Ill cap. 7. tnliliilnl, " An Act in ' adilition to an Act, for llie lirlleriiHcrrliiininif »nd confirming thn bouniliiritH of tlir Hrvnol coiinlirn within thin Province, anil for tubilividing them i into Townnor PoriHhea," i I. — " Un it rnncl'd by Ibo I/iuiiteniinl-Ciovprnur, jj Ooiint'il mill ARM!inlily, lliut nil tlml Inirl nl'liiiiil in (In- coutilv of Wt'idiiorliiiid, lii'){iiiiiiiitr liDi'm iliiiiiin piinI ol' u rri'i'k iiliiiiil two iiiili!H Noiilli III' Mciiirnnii'ook rivor, tliiMico iiiiithurly on tin* wi'kIitii line ol llm lown of Siirkvill)! to Clii'diiir liarliniir, iiirluilinK lliu inlaiiil, ibuni'ii wi'st on llic imrlli liiii) of miIiI county, iin I'lir iis llio oust liiiuoriliu lown of Moiikloii, llioiin.- down xuiil lino and tlio otiirr river I'Rtnidiiu-, to lliii first mpnlionpil boundx, III) ono iliNtrii'l, lown or piirisb, distiiii;uii>licil by tlio niiino of tliii lown uiid piirisli of Dort'lKistcr. Tlmt nil lliiit Imct iif liiiid to tliii w«.«t of llio lown of Hiilii- boruugli Hiiil Miinkl<rlliinnlM>rland, bo llic dividini; lino bolwoen tlio roniily of Woslmiirliinil and tbo ooiinlies of Kiiii?'s and Quocn'.«, any l^aw or Ordiuunce lo llie contrary notwilbslandiiig." Extract from the Provlnviul Slotulr of New 77runt- it'ivlf, 7 (leor)fe IV. ctip. :i\, iiitiliitnl, " An Act for the division of the count;/ of Sorthumtxrtand into three counting, nnd to jiroridrfor the liovern- tnent und rrprfntnlalionof thttwu newcountiet." " Wliiroaii frmii llio nrral oxioiil of llio prP«oiil niiiiily 'if Norlliiiiiiliorlaiiil, it in liiroitKary am! oxpo^ diunt tliat tliu Miinv Ihi dividod intoilirou iiniiiliofi. 1.— "llo it llifrol'iiro oiiiirlod by llio MimiIoiihiiI- (■iivrriior, Coiinril iiiid A»Miiilily, lliat all llial purl nf llic >.iid rounly wliiili now furiiiK lliu parinboH of Car- Irlmi and W'ollin^lon, and mIhh lliat pari wliirh lion in llio rrar iborci f and not inrliiilod in llio parisliin of l.iidliiw, NoInoii IX C'luilliaiii, Ih! and llio ^alno in borc- liy ori'i'lrd iiilii a iiiniily sopiiralo aial dislinol from ibo Miiil rouiity of Niirtliiinibirlaiid, tolio lalloil and known by llio iiamoof tlio oiuiu'v of Ki'iil,aiid ibiil all that ollior pari of lliu Hiiid connly of Nuriliumliorland wliirli now forms llio I iilioN of Saiiiniiri'Z and liorenforii, lio, ntiil llin Niinu' i.s liorcby oroolid inloanollicr oounty M'paralif und ili.stlnci fioin llio hM oimiiiIv of Norlliiiniborlanil, III bo lallnl mill known I," llio iiamo of llio coiinly of (■loiu'ONtor, ami ibal llio risidiio of llio smii connly of Norlliuniliorluiid cunlinuo lo form ibu miiiiu counly. 6. — " And he it further exacted, that the town now forming, on the southern side of the entrance of the riverlieslif(ouehe, within the said count )i of illouces- fer, sliall be called and known by the name of Dal- houiie." No. 22. Extract from the Provincial Statute nf New Bruns- wick, 13 Geo. Ill, cap. 4, intituled, " An Act in addition to an Act, intituled, ' An act for the better ascertainini; and confirminf; the boundarici of the teveral counties within this Province, and for subdividing them into Towns and Parishes.' " I. — « Be it enaclod by tbe Liciifenant-Governor, Council and Assembly, that a direct linn from the iiorlh- west corner of tbo county of Westmorland, until it meets tbo soulb-wcst brancb of Miramirhi river, wlicro the Portage leading from llie river Nasbwaack now joins Ibe same, thcnco by a line running north twcnly- two degrees thirty minntos west by the true meridinn from Ibe junction of the said Portage, with the said south-west branch of the Miramichi as aforesaid, to the Duutlierii boundary of the Province of Lower Canada, No. 21. E.ctract from the Provincial Statute of \ftv llrunii- wick,'\st »'»//. / V. cap. 51), intilvleil " An Act for the Division of the count)/ of Vork into two coun- ties, and to provide for the ffiivcrnment and repre- sentation of the new counly.^' " Wliorcas from tbo great oxtoni nf Ibo present coun- ly of York, it is necessary and oxpoilioiit that tlie saino be divided into two counties — I. — " Bo it llirroforo enaclod by the President, Council and Assi-mlily, that all llial part of the said counly which lies lo ibe northward and westward of a lino commencing nl ibe monumont situate at the source of tbe Chepulnoticoiik, and running by the true meri- dian a due east course till it strikes Kel river, Ibenco following tbo several cniir.sos of the siiid Eel river lo its junction with tlio river Saint John, tboncc crossing tbo said river Saint John, norlli forty five degrees east, till it strikes Ibe division line between tbe county of Nortliumbcrland and tbe said county of Y'ork, bo and the Slime is hereby erected into a counly, separate and distinct from the said county of York, and shall be calloii and known by tho name im the counly of Carletun ; and that the rcsiduu Iberenf which lies below tbo boundary line of the said counly of Carleton, as is described in this Act, shall comprise the county of Vork." 13 [.18] No. 2r«. llxirarl fiiim Ihr Profinriat SMutftnf New Rrunn- wilk, llh Hi//. IV. riii>. :l."i, iiililiiUd, " An .1(7 In rihiUlinh ri hiiiiniliirfi lint hrlirrm Ihr iiiunlun iif Wmlinorhml mul Siiiiil John, iimt IHiik'k ami (^Hl'l'/l'* LOUIlliril." " Whcrenii liy «n .\rl miiiln i»iiil |>n«iM d in (lie twt'nly iii«vi'iilli yt'iir Dfllir rrii{ii i<( Ills .Nliij<'i>ly King (Miir|{i' till' 'I'liiril, iiiiitnlnl, "An Ail in iiilililinn (luin Ai i (m '- till' lii'iliT iio'irliiiiiiiiK iitiil i'iliviiliii){ ilii'm Miiii lowiix iinil iiiirMirn," ii i^i (■imrti'il, lliiil II liiir iliii' xKiiili rrmn llic iinrlli rml iil'llic l'iirlii)(i' Ih'Iwi'I'M I't'lic'iilliit anil Suliiinn lirmik (i> llic mirllicrn liminiliirv nl' tlir roiinlv ul' ,S;iinl Joliii, iinil friMn llii' iMilil niii'tli I'Mil i>r (li<^ Mill l'iirlii)(i' liui' limlli In till' Hiiillii'iii iHiiiiiiliirv >>r llii' niiinly ul' .N'lirlJiiinilM'r- l.ihil, III- llii'iliviiliiit; Iinil lirlwi'i'ii tlii- cuiinlii'K iil \Vi'«l- morhiiiil mill KIng'.i iinil (jiifi'iiN riiij'ilii'K, iiny law or oriliniini'o In llii' iiinlnirv imlwillifiliiniliii^, Anil wlx-rt'- an iliiiilil.i I'xiiit iin In till' ii'irlli iiiil nriliii niiiil I'lirliiKi'i hii't il is i>\|>i'ilii'iii III ili'linii till) ilivixiiui liiii' niiiri' rli'iulv lii'twi'i'ii till' ciiiinlirH 1)1' WrHiiniirluniliinil Siiiiil .!iiliii iinil Kiiig'ii iiiiil Cjiii'i'ii's ('i)untii'K, l>ir nini'ily wliuri'iif — I — " Dp it cniirlnl liy llin [.ii'iiti'nniit-Ciivi'rniir, I.cgiKliili. (' roiini'ii mil .Aiuii'inlily, iliiit ii linu cntn- nii'miiig III H liircli l.ii' "ii tin' nnrlli xlmrit of (liu liny of Finiily, lliirty I'l.nini in tin; riistwuiil nrCiouM' riuT mi ciiIIimI, llii>iiri> riillowin:; llii' linv run I'niln llir 'ill liiri'li tri'ii tiy Ui'piily Survryur Slili'H in llir iiiiliiuin . till! yt'iir line iIihuniiiiiI I'iKlit liiiniirrii iiiiii lliirly kIx, n riMirsi' iiiirlli liy lliii inrii- longiiliiiti 'if Niii:li liiiu niirlliwnrilly until it inti'ryi'rl> Ihu siiiitlicrn linuntlHry liiiu nf lliu county of Ki'iit or NiirtliiiiiilH'iliinil, «s ilio t'OMt niiiy In', III' llm iliviiling lino lii'lwi'i'ii llii' rountii'!! iif Wfslniiirhinil nnil .Saint John mul King's iiiiil (juiM>n'itcounliii!i, any liiw or urili- imnto tu tliu cunirury iiulwitiitHmliiig, 2. — " Anil Ik" it rnuclcil, lliiit all limits wliirh may lii> to tlin I'lislwiiril »r llii> wiiil lini', arii|H'Wi!ll, in Ihu coimly of WuMmoilanil, lo all intents uii I iiur|ioM'» whalsocvur.'' I liu, Im>, mihI iIii' wnir in lirrrdy vrrclnl iiilo h rouniy, I M>|NirHUi mill iliiiliiD'l I'nini llir rMnl toiiiily o<' Uli)m-««> liT, lo Ul rtilli'il nnil known liy tlii* nnniti of ll.c rounty ' of Ki'ntigoiM'lH' ; mill lliMt jNirl nl' ihr |irriM-iit cuiiiily oi (ilniii'1'i.ii'r, nol iiK liiilnl within iIm> limit* of llm sniiI ni'w I'liiiniy iilmvt' ik'MTilH'il, iiIinII hviu'vl'iirlli cuni|iriM lliu coiiiiiy of Uloui'u»ivr." No, 27 !■:. No. 26. Extract from ttir Provincial Slatulfi of Xew Bruns- wick, ttli mil. 4. cap. 57, intituled, " An Act lo ercci part of the counlif of Glouctsttr into a teparate and distinct county." " WhiTons from tlie great extent of the prcucnt county of Gloii('«slcr, it is nernssiiry anil ux|ii>ilient that the same ho divided into two counties — 1. — " Be it thcroforo nnartcd by tlio IJuutcnant-Go- vernor, Legishilivo Council and Asseinhly, that all tliat part of the said liounty of Gloucester, which lies to the northward and westward, and is included within the line drawn due gontli, from the mouth of Bellilune river until it strikes the lino dividing the parishes of Beresford and Bathiirst in thu said ounty, thence wes- torlv by the lino dividing the coun»'»s of Nnrthuml)er- land and Gloucester until it strikes tho line dividing the county of Carlcton from tho present county of Gloucester, thence by said line a northerly course un- til it strikes the line of the Province of Lower Cuna- .ni net from thr Provincial Slalult of Sew Urunt- wilk, -'(/ IK'/, inp. Ill, iuliliilril, " An Arl to di- villi the ('oiiiil)i of Ht»tinouche into Jive Town* or Parinhetfiind lo define the bvumlurit* Ihrrtof." " Wherivis it is exiH-ilicnt lo divide iho County of Iti'siigoiicliu iiiin livu Towns or I'Hrislit's — I. — "111" il (•nni'ted iiy the f.irtilrnont-Govrrnor, I^- gisliilivo Coiinril and Ansrmlily, ibnt the county of Ki'slignuche uliall Ih) anil I ho same is hereby ditidrd inin live Inwns or iwrislie >, which towns or parishes kliiill be and hrri'hy are naniid and Ismnded in the iiiiiiiner lii'ri'inafli" meiilioned imil di'M-rilird, any law. In the ronlrary nolwilhslaiuling : — The first lowii or |Nirish In Ih> called, knnwn, and dislingiiisht'd by lliu nami' of Duibnrn, and lo lie abulleil and bounded as follows: I'ommenring at tlio |Miin( or placn where llio liim which separates the co'inly of Glniice^ler from llw '} 'niinty nf ltes>igonche, strikes Iho Day hic« of lieginnini;. The stH'ond town or parish In Is- called, known and distinguisbiMl by the name of Colhorne, and li> !« abulleil and Isainifed an foUows : commencing at tho nouth of Benjamin River, at the western boundary of the parish of Durham afnresiiid, thence fnllowing tie several courses of the Bay do ('haleiir up ti Ihi' middle of the mouth of Ke! river, including Heron Island, and the set oral island* in front and situate on the south siile of the Bay do Chaleiir, thence due south to the rear lino of the county of Rest igniicbe, thence easterly by tho said rear line until il strikes the western line of Iho parish of Dur- ham aforesaid, and thence due norlh to the place nf beginning. The third town or parish to be called, known and dislinguished by tho name of Dalbousic, commencing at Iho weslorn iKMindary of the said parish nf CollKirnc at the mouth of Etl river aforetaid, thence followins; the several courses of the Bay de Chaleur up to the town of Dalhnusie, thence by the several courses of the Resli/fouche river, up stream to the middle of the mouth of IValker^a Brook or FerKHSon'i Mill Stream, to vailed, thence by a line drawn due south (throiigb the miikllo of the mouth of the said stream at the bridge on tho great rnml) until il strikes the rear lino of the county nf Resligoiicbo, ihenro easterly by said rear line until it strikes tlie western linn of the parish of Colhnmo aforesaid, and them^o due north to the mouth of Eel river at the place of liogin- nine. Tho fourth town or parish to be cullo |iIh«i< I ' Iti'KiiiiiliiK, Till' lillli toMti iir inirmli In Im> culli'il, knnwii mill ilioliiiKuiiliril liy llin iiiitiii' of KliliMl, uiiil Ici III' iiIi'iIIimI mill liiMiiiili'il »• rulliiwii, rum- liii'iirjii)( III ilii' wi'Kli'rIy linn «( llin mini piiri'ili uf Ail- ' ilill|{liHl, in llin niiiil' llin in'Mllli ul' llii' |I|iiuili|nil- | I'hr rivi>r Hrnri'Miil, tlit>iii'i> I'lillowini^ llin unvi'ml i riiiirwi iif llin ItraliuniirliH river, ii|i »iri'Hni, nnhl il ! Mrikf* lliii PHHlrrii liuiiiiiliiry iiltlio iMiinly nl' Ciirli'iini, ilii'iiri* Niiiiilinrlv liy ilii) mini I'linixrly linn III' (lit) (iMiiiiy • ■r Oiirli'liin I'l llin rriir lini' nl lli Minly nl' Kn^li^mi- rlif, llifinn rnllnwiii;; llm wiliI rniir linr iiiHlirly iiiilil il inlt-mnt'lo IliM wi'«li'rii linu nf llm |iiiri
  • J' (irmi IliUiitit, in Ike rrj'rrtm-r imidr uinlrr the bth Arli. de oj the Treaty <{/ Uhtnt. " In llin Hriliiili M'piiriiln Iritiixripl nf llin imip iili* ni'M'il In llin rnnvi'lilinii nniliT llm iliriniiilliiiliiili nl Ilia liiii|i A (iiiiip H III llim Ki'jmrl) llinm will \m prrniivnil, llliirknil III urnnii, (mil Ml llin niiip li lllllirlii'il In llim |{n{hiil) II Inn I III' rniiiiirv iiilniilnii nn i|ii< Mmliiwiiiika rivnr mill llin l.iikn 'i'niiii«i|ii;ilii, iil ii nIiiiiI ilj>liiiii'u riniii llin rivnr Siiiiil Jnlin, 'I liiil ilmlricl, liiiil ilnwn iH'rnrilini; In tlii> iiimil imiiriiln inniiiiiiri'riii'iil I'liniiili'd nil ibn iliH iiinniiliiry iiiitlinr'lv linrrlniirinr n|in<'ilinil iiinl Hiini'Hinil, rn|>rnM'iilii n pnrllnii nf lirillnry lii'iinminiilnd llin " Fiff i\f Mmluwiithi" which wiin nriKiiiHlly Krunlnd ill llin yniir lUHj, (lliiil in, t-ighl yniiiii prinr to llin iliiirlnr nf Mini«nrliiiiii'll'i« Hiiv) In u I'mncli mibjoi'l, by lliK (iuvvrnnr of Cuiiuilu, which wan tlinii a French I'rovincu. " Tbnl I'rnvinro rnmiiirinil mibjrrl In Frnnrn, frnm lliiit |H>rlnil iliiwii In tlin tear I7(>j, nl which linm llio wlinin nf tlin Frnni'll pnKMiMiinnii ill lliMl p.irl nf Nnrlh Aiiinrii'ii wnrn ilnlinllivrly cndnil by n Trniily In (irnnt liriluin. DiiriiiK llint eiitim |M'rinil, hnwnvor, unit iliiwii In tlin prnnnnt diiy, llm Fief nf Mudiiwukkn, in Npiln nf iill Irnn^ifnrii, whnlhnr nf ilin I'rnvinrn i(nnn> rnlly frniTi nniinn lo imlinii, or of iiM^f iiiiliviilimlly rrnni liniiil In hniiil, lin> priMTvod ilN inilividiiiility un- ilnr llm oriniiuil uranl ml liiin cnimUinlly bnnn, .mil il al thin niniiiniil, siil>j> < i lo the juriMliclinn of Canada. " In priHifol the iicciirnry nf thin HMnrtlnii, wo rcfnr to the Hiinnxnil pa|i('rii, niimbcrnd fmin 13 In Ut iinln. nive. (from I to 13 in Ap|iciidiK No. UU lo ihit Ku- port.) Tho firnit of llinw pniwrn, mnrknil 13 (1) coniniiia ihn nriKinnI urnnt of tmil tnrritory in KiHJ, Tlio nlhnrn displny the xnccnioiivo dncls nf Irnnsfnr iind nrta nf liirlMlictinn (•xerciiinil over il in Cainiilu, frnm tliul pnriiHl In the ynnr, 1802 ; niiiro which limn the lief hiM rumainnd in possuNtiion of tho name occupuiit.* " Horn, tliorofnrn, oxiiU an fixlensivc posMwiion in> ciinlcsiublv Canadian, Imhl by virtun nf the i-igbl.i do- rivnd to Cirniit Hriliiiii, frnm tho ccuNinn lo hrr of Ca- nulla by Fr:incn, fnr within tho Lino of Bouiulury claimed by tho United Stales, as having formed ])urt of the Province of Massaclniiclts Bay. " Now, on what possiblo ground can the United Slates, who, in preferring their claim in 1782 lo terri- tory ill this quarter, professed lo adhere to the clinrler of Massncbusells Hay, now lay claim to territory which was granted to a French subject by a French Gover- nor of Canada, before the existence nf the charter of Mnssnchiisctts Bay, nnd which bus always formed an integral portion of Canada, whether hold by Franco or Great Britain. " But not only does tliis interposition of territory, unifuettionahly Canadian, invalidate the claim of the United Stales, as fniinded on the charier of Massachu- sott's Bay, but it also, wlicn considered under another point of view, totally breaks down (heir argument res- pecting the lino of highlands claimed by them, for it disables iImmr highlands from fullilling the distinctive condition required of thorn by tho Treaty of 1783, na- * It has since been sold to on American Company.— A. W, [50] nirlv, lliiit tlivy sliiill tlivido tlio rivers falling; into tlic Saint Lnwrohci' from lliosi- wliicli fall inlotlit* Allunlif Hrunswick. Tlie jilea whs rijtictcd on vuriiius .••■■iii •^...^.v..,. - j ((ruuiulii, amongst otlicrii, nbM'nrc ol' priMil' on the pirt Oi'PHn. Amongst tlicsu liitlcr wo liavo M-un thai the i of thu iliil'undanls tliat Maduwaiiku ''.us not williin I llai jtiriwliciion of Canada; uik! liiu dufcndanli were I cast accordingly. Unili'il Statcii include the livcr Saint John. " On conxultin;; again tlic Kritish tranM^ript of the map A ( B) it will lie s'.hmi l!iul th- t'lcf orMiidawaska ex- lends from near the sources of tli(! river Madawaska lo within a linv miles of the river Saint John, of which it is '.he prii:<'i[ial tributary in that quarter. " Wo ronceive that it will liardiy bo pretrialed, that the seignlorv of Mailawaska could liiive been con- liiilered, at tlie (leriiKl of the origin.il grant, as an ijisu- lated portion of I'anada, totally disunited from thai I'riiviiice. We therefure assume thai the Province of (lanada exti'mled, at Iho |Kriod of the original grant of the lief of Ma(la\va''i\e character with that already adduced on behalf of the lief of Madawaska. To that evidence we according- ly ap|)eal. "On the Ullh of .iTnnary, 1705, a public notice, liereuiilo anni'xed, was issniil by the ollice of the ! Provincial Secretary in Canada, and published by aiilliorilv, according to custom, in the Queiiec (Jazetle, j bv which notice all Canadian iiili!.bilanls were a pmhihiied from interfering with the hunling ground 1 of the Indians down to the (ireat Falls of the rive a Saint John. ^ " Again, on the lltli of Xnvetnber, 17SI, that is, but one year siibseipnnt t ■ thi' treaty of 17S.'5, r.n Indian was condiMnned by the courts of Canada, and executed for a murder committed at Madnwn-ka. The documents containing an account of this pro- ceeding are hereto aimcxed. " Agrin, in Iho year 1789, proceedings were com- menced in a court at Quebec and continued to the 30th of January, 1791, in an action for damages brought against Aui;ustin Diibe and Pierre Duperfi, residing at Madawaska, in which the defendants put in a plea against the jurisdiction of the court of Que- tiec, alleging that tliey resided within that part of Now " Again, on the lOlli of November, 1791, a shcrilTii notice WHS published in the ({ucIh'c (lazetle for the seial limits, not the .smallest doubt .seems to have been ever entertained by them aj to the rii;lit of Creal Britain lotliu whole territory thus contested between the Provinces. " In this document it is shown, that for several years prior lo 179:ilhe goverimient of <:anaila had established a militia at Madawaska, and ll.at the Courts of Quebec had cxercistMl jiiri.sdiclion in various casi'S withiu that settlement. It will also bo seen therein, that, in op|H)- sition to the claim set up at that time by New Bruns- wic!-: Ill ;i i nuiid.iry north of lake Temisipiata, Iho ciMtimitiec nf the i./Ouncil of Quebec contended that such b.iimdiiry would interfere with " the seiifneuriet " iiwirr (Mnmlian grants as fur liack as the yean " IG.!.) anil 1G83, l)esiile.t the Acadians settled " cbone the (ireat Falls of Saint JoAn's river." The report of the comniiltee proccds thus: — " The " ci.mmittee most humbly submit to your Lordship, " whether it would not be for the advantage of both " gdvernmenis, that the Province of (Jiiebec be separat- " ed from that of New Brunswick hii a line running " a/on^ the hiifhUinils which exitr.tl from the head of " (^hiileurs Ra;/, to the fool nf ihe Great Fall of " Saint John\i river, and from thence crossirg the " river (so as to include the whole of the portage or " carrying place) anil continuing in a straight line " towards the sources of the river Chaudiere, which ^^ rixe nnthe hiuilands that tommet>ce at the said " head of the Bai/ of Chaleurs, and extend all the " wai) In the north westernmost head of Connecti- " cut river.'" This opinion clearly show, ."hat con- ccpti^T was at tliat time entertained by the Canadian. ♦ f?.iliRe|ueiilIy to llie treaty of 17R.1. Ilie PritiBh Province nf Nova ' reliiiiied iiM furiiie' name, anil the oili t. em- liriiriii!; llif lirilisli territory in ihe vii-inilv (in IVJi,) ' " 1I115 linn lii'twi'i'ii (liii Iwii I'roviiici'.s of ('aniMla and " Now Hniiiswick, Imil not lict'ii asccrlninccl," and it WiLt then lliu di'i'lariMl oljji'Ct of lliu ('anadian pncrn- 1 im^nt, " to call lliu allcnlion of His M.ijcsly's Miirhlors 1 " l(> the adjiistmi'Mtof llir limits ncii'ssary for [iruiU'rvin); 1 " tliu [lublic trani|uilily uf Ixitli IVuvinccs," i " Again, in 1791, nn otncial list \vn» mndr out of the ' parishes in tlio I'rovini-i! of (inclii-r, in whiili list llic pa- rish of Madawaska is inclndi'd, and a di'sciiplion u;ivcn I Iff the spBrics of ti.'nure hy which the scltlcrs liidd ihcir land, and a I'l-nsus of the nialo |iopululiun, aliove I!) veRrti of uge, is also thereto annexed. " The nliovo cited series of docnments (dearly esla- hlishes Canadian jiirisdirti of HftJ, and thereiiy further negatives the Amerinin claiin ti> tiiis connlry, as founded on tiie luppuscd limits of Massiichus.s<'''s ISay. " Furthcritirtre tliero cuii bo shown, from Americiin testimony, n f/p/ricfo possession hy (Jreat Hrilain of the (list. i I, called the fladiiwaska srtth.'ment, on the river Saint John, lieginnin); n few miles aliove the ttreat Falls, and ext^'iidiiii; lieyond the cimniienee of the river Muduwaska with the Saint .lohn, which pos- session was never calliid in tpiestiun hy the I'nited Stales until the termination of the war hetween Great iirituiu and thu United States, in 1814." No. 30. List of 13 ilocument3 concerning the fief Miulit- W(i»ka, contained in the British written and printed evidence adduced under tlie 5/A article of the treaty of Ghent. 1st. — Concession of tho fief of Madawnskn to the children of the Siour de la (,'h(!naye, iaih Novem- ber, 1G8;J, and concession to the siiid Sieur (hi la Chenave, and to the Sieur de V'illerny, of land lying betw(!eii their former concessions, .'ilh April, 1()89. 2n(I. — Adjnlication of the fiefs of Rivi^ro du I oup and Madawaska to .loseph Hlondcau dil la Franchise, 29th October, 1709. 3rd. — Act of" Foi el Hotnmage,''' by Joseph B'ondeBu for the fiefs of Rivii;re du Loup and Madawaska, 13th February, 17U3. •Uli. — Avon ct Dcnombrcment by Joscpii RIondcau, 15th February, 1723. .5t:;. — .\djudication of the fiefs of Rivi("^ro du Loup and Madawaska, to Pierre Claverio, 29th July, 1755. "til. — Act of" Foi el Hommage" by Pierre Clnve- ric, for the fiefs of Riviere du Loup and Madawaska, 19th March, 1756. 7th. — Receipt for Domanial Dues for the fiefs of Ri- viere du Loup and Madawaska, 8th May, 1756. 14 8lh. — Deed III SalehyJ. A. N. Dandammo Danseville, and his wilii (the widow of I'iei.u Claverie) to Jana-'s Murray, ^'Oth July, 1763. 9th. — Deed of Assigmnent dated 2nd August 17(i8, by Richard Murray to Malcolm Fraser, of an Inth'U- lure of lease, dated Kith May, 1766, riade hy James M 'rray to the said Richard Murray and Malcolm Fraser, and an lnd(MUure of lease of the said (lenerat James Murray to Henry (Caldwell, dated 7th April, 177 1. l()lh. — Lease from Ilenr) Caldwell, to Malcolm Fraser, 2 Ilh Seiilemher, 17S2. lllli — Confirmation before a Notary, 27lh December, 1781!, of L( ase from Henry Caldwell, to Mulcolm Fraser, 2 lib SeptemU-r, 1782. 12. — Deed of Sale, from the trustees and cxerntors o| JaiiHis Murray, lo Henry ,(^aldwell, 21st June, 1802. 13. — Deed of Sale, by H Miry Caldwell to Alexander Fraser, 2nd August, 1802. I No. 31. SOUTHKUN nOUM)AUY OF CANADA. Extract from the Minutes of the Executive Council of the Province of Quebec, i)th July, 1787. " Monday, 9th July, 1787. " Present. " His Excellency tho Right Honorable Guy, Lord Dorchister, Governor; the llonorahle i/cni'i/ Hopi\ esquire, Lieutenant Governor ; VVillam Smith C. .1. I.e CiiMipto Dupri!', Hugh Finhi', Fdward Harrison, (ieorg(! Pownall, J. C C. Do l..cry, Henry Caldwell, William Grant, P. R. De St. Curs, Francis Uahy, cMjuires. " Ilis Lordship intimated the propriety o/nscertat/i- t'jiff the limits hetween this and the Province of NewBrunswick, and that ihe Surveyor General of thai Province, would soon meet Mr. Holland for that pur- pose, and as it was absolmely re(piisi|e towards open- ing and suslaining the land communication lietween th"! two Provinces, that the lands on both sides of it should be si'ttled, his Lordship proposed, and the coun- cil concurred in aullHiriislng Mr. Holland to give assur- ances to all persons desirous to settle there, and espe- cially the Acadians in that vicinity, of the favora- ble intentions of this government to issue grants in their favor, for three hundred acres, to the head of every family, out of the waste lands of tho Crown in that (|.mrter ; and it is for that purpose rccrnimended to them to explore ihe jilaccs fit for cultivation on both sides of the route, ond apjily, by petition, in the usual course, for grants to be made agiecable to the Royal instructions." !■:» M [52] No. 32. Extract from the Minutts of the Ejcccutivc Council of the Province of Quebec, Ith Auguat, \'i'J2. " Snturclay, lili Auijiist, 179^. " At the Council Clinmbcr in liie Hisiiop's Pulacv. " PRESENT. " His Exccllpncy Major GLiierul Clarke, Licutcnant- (iiivcnior. " And IJio llonoraiili- William Sniillr, Espirs to the Lieutenant-Governor ,if the Proving of New Brunswick for his o-optrating in representations to call the aflention if His Majesty's Ministers to the adjustment of the limits necessary for preserv- ing the public tranquility on the borders of both Provinces." THE MEMCIPIAL 07 A. & M. UOr. ICIIAUD. " A son Excellence Allured Clarke, Ecuuer, Licutenant-Gouverneur el Ccmmandant en Chef de la Province du Has (fnuda, Major General, Commandant Ics Fores de sa Majesti dans VAmiri'fUe du Nord, ^-c. S,-c. ^c. " .lofiuelc d'Anstdme et Michel Roliichaud, Mar- rhands, demeurauls ;"i la lliviero rfes Caps, Comto de Cornwallis, Province du Has Canada, representant tri's bumblcment. " S'il plait a Votrc Excellence, "Que depuis plus do (juinze ans ils ont constammcnt commerce avec les habitaiis de Madawaska, et par diverges licences du District de Quebec, tra'to avec Ics Sauvages sur les frontiers, mcine dans une nartie de la Colonic du Nuuveau Brunswick, et (pi'ils ont acquis une terre au dit lieu de Madawaska, et fait des credits considerables. " Qtte le gouvernement de Qiiibec ayant dppuis plusicurs annees 4tabU des milices <} Madawaska, et la Cmir des Plaidoyers Communs du District de Quibec, prononcee plvaieurs jugemcnsy mime d6- cerm des executiims en Icur faveur contre diverses personnea domicilieea au dit lieu de Madawaska, ils esjieroiciit a\oir justice et satisfaction, luais (pi'au coinniencenient de May dernier, 'I'liomas Coslin, w ilisant Kcuycr, .lucre n Paix pour le Nuuveuu liruii- swick, a liiil eliri^ a la pluralite des voix, dans une as- semblee des habitants, de nouveaux olliciers d(! Milice a Madawaska, el pronuncu une amende contre Anselme Robicliaud, I'un iles suppliants, pour avoir fait i^iisir ui;liout tlie whole ol' the sail! coiiriMiiiicalion, on liolh sides, may ')e grunted liy (III! respective governiiiunts without delay. " Yim will there meet the Surveyor (leneral of the I'rovime of New IJrunswiek, or some other person or persons authorized hy the 1 jeiilenant-tiovernor of the said I'rovince, in conrerl wilh whom and Mr. Fiiilay you will proceed upon ihiil Imsiness. " You will be guided therein hy the inclosed descrip- tions of the houndaries of the l'rovinc>s of Ciuehee, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, extracted from ni\ I imuiissions as (lovenior thereof, to which is likewise .iddetl the desc-'i'.ion of the houndary of the I'nited Stales, laker, from the delinitive treaty, for your in- formation. "• The liiv.indarv eslaUlislicd, yon will neglect no o|>- portimilv of assuring all |iersons desirous to settle (Oi Ihi.'i Mile of it, ami pitrtiailarli/ the Acatlianii in lliat ficinitif, of liie good dispositions of government in their lavour as expressnl in the inclosed ntimue of council,* which you will coinmunica'e to them leaving copies thereof with some of the people for their sal'sfaction. " Such spots as Mr. Finhiy may (loint out to you at ilii! dilferent carrying places, as most neces.sary to k' St .lied for the establishment of po.st houses on the road (if communication, you will more especially make the objects of your attention, explaining to the people the advantages of such situations. " In general, your own prudence will direct to the dill'etent objocls necessary to be attended to upon the whole of liiese services, in the course of wliicli you will have the udvantago of consulting Mr. Finlay's judgment and experience. " You will return to Ihis place as soon as lliey are accomplished, and re|)i)rt to me your pro<('edings, wilh such observations as may have occurred to you, lending lo the advantage of the King's service, and more parti- cularlv lo the facilitaliiiif the communication be- tween these two Provinces. " I am, " With regard, " (Signed) Dorchester. " True copy. " (Signed,) IIenbt Motz." IJrunswiek ; he informed me, that conceiving his wait- ing for us at the (ireiit Kails to be totally unnecessary, he was now proieeding on bis way to the litHglit of land on the carrying place, situate Uaween the river Saint Lawrence ami Lake 'I'lMuiscouala ; as there (according lo his id"'i) the boundary ought to be fixed. In reply lo ids remarks, I oliser\ed, that it was generall)/ tin- itfintooil in Canada that the line between the I'ro- vincv.i oj' Uiiibrc and \ew lirunswick should run from the hrud of Chaleur Bay alon/f the hi^fhlands in a ii'ixtfrlii direction to the Ureal Fulls on the Saint John rirrr, and from thence west to the westcrn- iiiosl, or main branch of the river Sainle I'roix. He answered, that should a lH>undary he lixed at or near llie (ireat Falls he wouKI protest against such doings, as ( oiiirary to the directions laid down in his inslructions. I " On Tuesday morning, the 17lh, Cajit. Sprnule j having met .Mr. Finlny and me, and, alter talking over ! the subject of the Imuiidary line, he repeated nearly what he liail said before, adding, that he would pro- ceed immrdialely lotlie Portage to examine which way llie waters incline on the heights there ; that by their cour.se he ml;{lil be eiiabU'd to ascertain the boundary between the Provinces of Quehei and New Mriinswick, as all the streams running into the rivers which empty Ihemsclvcs into the river Saint John, are in the Pro- vince of New Hrunswiik, and llio.se which fall into the Saint Lawrence are in the Pruvinco of QueiHic. " After using many arguments to shew him the im- propriety and disiulvantages that would attend the fix- ing a boiindiiiy on the jiorlagi! ; the vast tract ofcoun- liy which must fur many years, remain unsettled, by its falling in their Province, their nearest settlement being at least, two hundred miles distant from the heights on the portage ; the repuffnanc}/ expressed hi/ the Aca- dians (settled near the Madawaska fails) at the idea ofbeinf^ separated from this Pr.vinceio which they are attached by numberless ties ;• d reasons : but more especially, that the fixing that \- lit Would mate- rially alTecl the boundary between us and ihe United Stales of America ; and that a large territory would thereby be saved or lost i> !lis Majesty's dominions; [and that the heights of tanil run from the Hai/ of Chaleur to the river Saint John, and strike it at, or near, the Great Falls. To ascertain which, and more posiliveh/ determine the situation, and explore the face of the counir;/, we requested Capt. Sproule to return with us tn the Great Falls, to which he objected, saying, that bis return there could answer no end, as the opinion he had alreadv formed of the situa- ! tion of llie houndary line from g^ Taphical knowledge, and ocular ilemonslraii> II, was iih.iliirable, and that lio was bound to observe (ieneral Culiion's instructions, which he produced, conceived in iIicm: words : Letter by loay of Report from Mr. John Holland. " Quebec, 26th July, 1787. " My Lorp, — I have the honor to report, that pur- suant to Your P^xcellency's orders and instructions, dated the 9lh of July, I on the day following left Que- bec and proceeded in company with Mr. Finlay to the Great Falls on the river Saint John ; that on Uio 16th of July, at the Acadian settlement o|)posite Madawas- ka, met Capt. Sproulc, the Surveyor General of New * Viile ante, p. Dl (also No. 31 in this appendix.) " By Ilis Excellency Thomas Carleton, Lieutenant- Governor, and Commander in Chief of the Province of New Brunswick, &c. &c. &c. " To George Sproule, esquire, Surveyor General. " You are hereby directed to proceed to the (!reat Falls of the river Saint John, in order to meet tin ur- veyor General of the Province of Quebec, at thai place on the 15th instant, for the purpose of settling the boundary line iK'tween the Province of Quel" r and New Brunswick, in the execution whereof you will Im! governed by the Act of Parliament for esinhlishing the Province of Quebec, which determines ihut boun- j dory to bo the highlands which divide tlio.se waters that empty themselves into the river Saint Lawrence, from those which lull into the atlantic ocean. L55] riv " Given under my hand at Krcdorictun, the. jiovcnth day of July, in tliu yuur of uur Lord, oiiu lliuusand seven hundred and ui^hty-9evun. " (Signed) Tiioma* Carlktow." " On the 18th Captain Sproiilo and we stiparateil ; lie, on his way to the I'ortngi!, we,(o (Ac ^iVeaf FiiUa, where wefoundihe countri/ rxtremcly mnunlainous; and, from inforniation gathered from different per- sona, who have been from the Saint John river back- in the countrj), and my own observations, have no doubt but that these mountains are the range tvhich extend front the Hay of Chalcur to that river. " On consulting Mr. Finlay, and findiiii; nothing further could lie done towards ascerlniiiing tlie bouiid.iry line, therefore, with his advice, returned to fullil as far as possible the further rei (|ue collo do ireizo cliidins dou\ sols courant, pour SI'S I'rais, et iju'd resto a I'airc cxt-cutiiMi du dit ju);(.'ment. 11 vous est urdonm'^ de prelover la dile soniino el los frais sumIIis dos biens niobiliers et ollets du dit Fnmrois Albert tlana le susJit District, i\- coplt; t'uij )iirs les animaux de cliarue, onliis et iiislru- nionls d'aiirieulture, oulils pour I'oxerciee du metier, el un lit ijarni ; niais an ca.s (|U0 les aulres biens mobi- liers ct elit'tsdii dit Fraiicjois Albert no sulliscnt pas, los dils animaux do cbarae, instruments et oulils d'a- griculluro, et outils do metiers, seroul venilus (mais nun lo lit ufarni) liuit jours apres avoir fait aliiebor ou crier la vonto, au Dimancbe, a la porle de rEglisc parois>ialo, iinmediatenient apri's le service divin, et nvez l'ari;ent (ou deniers provenans de la veiile) Vtn- drodi lo vinijt-sejitiemo jour d'Avril procbain, afm de la livrer au dit Ansolmc Rubicbaud et Micliil Robicliaud jiour sii dotte et sos frais, avec un cbelin pour ce pre- copt, et (piairo clielins pour vos droits lioiioraires ; et nu cas qu'il vous loste (piobpies deniers entro les mains apres ipio vous aiirez pleineinent salisfait le susdil ju- poment ct les fraix, vous reiidrui le surplus au dit Fraiirois Albert. " Temoin I'Honorablo Jenken Williams, I'nn dos Juijcs de noire Cour « Quebec, le \5ejour de Fevrier, dan» le i'ime annee de noire rigne. " (Signe,) J. Williams, " J. P. C. " A Antoinn Cureux Saint Germain, capilainc, et aulres olBciers tie milicc ile la paruisse do Kamouraska, et Frangois Cires, capitaine, et Jacques Cir, Lieu- tenant de milice de la paroiase de Madawaaka." " A I'Honorable Colonel de toute la milice de la cdti du sud, Monsr. Francjois Dambourgos. " Monsr. et Colonel, " Supplic tres-liumblement voire bonte et voire grandeur, tnc trouvant dans un« trt's-i;randc nflinrc pour avoir fait valoir les ordrcs, qui m'ont 6l6 addresses de la four du gouvemfment de Qiiibtc. Apresnvoirfait un saisit, el liuit jours aprcs vnulant faire (aire la dile vente, conime il m'avoit (''tt) urdoiih6 par lu Cour, ilit lint conimence i>ar inu Irailer de voleur, et N cbercbt! iMie ^ruarde au (iraliil Saull, ct soul venus me cberclier comiiiu un vuleur. " Co Coslin done jugn i\ paix, disani A In garde, s'il lie veut pas sortir de clicz lui, tirez-lo ou mirlez-le par ijuarliir el memo tue-le. Apres avoir etc rendu nu Urand Saull, inoi ayaiit laiss^ inn fninille dnns nni) irislo sihialion, ils iii'onl oblige conune vonlani mecon- Iraindre d'allcr a lirunswick, j'ai C'le oblige donnor caution pour la somiiie de dix louis et Ireizo clielins ; done \i! suis oblige de doniicr nu l.*> Mai procbain, c'ost pouripioi, moil Coliinel, i|ni' j'ai rocour ii voire bonli'i de vouloir me rendro ce ser>ice, iiici nyani suivi los ordri's, (pii in'oni el^ addresses, comme in/aut ftii ho- nor^ de conimisiion de copituine ct lieutenant de milicc. Nous nous trouvani ;i riioure presoiil ruiues par le jiige a paix, taut ipie |)ar los fraix doiit je \ous fait .nenliiMi, ct niiisi cpio dans Ions les discours me trailaiit do voleur ot cixjuin, et me disant, sur voire respect cpi'il se moipie genernleinent de tons les ordres de Ca- nada, et mt'^ine, mon colouid, Jo nc' pent pas vous dire tout CO ipi'ils onl (lit, ct mOine ce iju'il dit en presciu'e de dix lemoins, Deplus pour vous prouver Ions les cruaules doiit Jo vous fail mention, il n fait dire a ma fomme, commo n'elaiit point ibez inoi, (jue si cllo no mo Ircuivoit pas, ipi'il auroz la prendre avec les plus poiits de ses enfans, ct la meiier au (irand Snult ; pour lors, die lui dit : mon inari est a la cliasse ; tout aussltotil a cominnnde un bommc-avcc le Slierilf, sunt Venn me cliercber dnns le bois dislante de six lieux du cliez moi, ct m'oni fait jierdre toute ma cbasse, pour lors ils m'ont amene au Grand Saull ; elant nu Grand Saull, il in'oiit done oblige de promotire cours, el celiii du goiiverne- 1 meiil, nous serous oblige de (luyer cello soimiio do dix i louis ct Ireizo clielins, et ilo passer pour des voieiirs, I moi qui n suivi les ordres conforniement h Icur tonoiir, ct nous qui sutninos des gens liors d'^'tat dc payer uno suinme telle quo cellu In pour avoir obui nux ordres. '. " Nous espcrons que voire bonle ordinaire ne voii- ! (Iras pas nous laisser dans une si grniide peine ct pcrle. i " Vous pouvez voir que eel article nous a fait perdro bon com pie. " Nous esperons que voire bonl6 nous linnorcrn do voire reponse, et de voire support, et plus promple- inenl possible pour opposer ce Tliomas Coslin de lout vendre, ce que nous pouvuns avoir, comme it fera si nous n'avons point du seeours de vous et voire prolec- liim ; il sera bien doulcureux pour nous si nous etiuns oblige de payer un Icl sommc pour avoir obeis les or- dres. Mon clicr colonel, nous avons ce confumce en 157 1 vnuii, cl nouM miinmi'H uvi'c toiito.s li', car f)ui.tjblo.^, cuuunu vliiiit iivuc rL'Ajivcl, " Mi)iiiiiinir, •' Vulre tri-H-liuinliiRs ct troi-ubf-iMant Sorvilcurs, Kijiis imciiiix li>rL'ti iiiiu» wuiiia'.t lies jjoun ruiiir.s et luii- jl>ur^i (Inns III ri!ti|iu.'. Mnrqiin y, Driliniure du FraiK^nis Sir. Muri]un y, oriliimite lit; Jui|iirH Sir. Lieuteaant tie Millet. Vimsvnii Sib, " Nuns simiini'ii iivcf luiit lo respect pos.illili', viilro I (ros bujulilu L't uUi'ctiujiiiu ftcrviluurii, FnANroia Sib, Capt, den Miticeu a Muttuwaska. ,)kcj.t ft Jacqufi Sir, m'oiil pri6 de sigiiuur pmiruux. " Piir CO. present, je rcrlifie (jiio Francnis Sir, el JnnipiRS Sir, liuliilaiis de Mailawaska, ft qiin le ilit Ma- •lawaska est siliiL- dans le cKinli! de Viirk, et I'nivinco de NiiilveUe Hriiflswiek, et par leipiel je deCoiid Irs dits Francnis Sir, et Jucipies Sir d'aijir im do I'aire aj;ir, exeeuler mi I'aire exeeiiter am iin ordre. d'uii au- tre Priivinee, daus le District de Mailawaska, exrepte quo soit sij;in'' et oriloiuie de notre Ju^o de N'ouvelle llnuKwiek, sous peine ifOtrtf proseiules siiivant les luix du ni)tre ditu I'roviiire du Nouvulle Jlrunswiik. " Donni'; Sims petre suing, u Mudawaski), York comte, Mui le Jli, 17!)-'. jAC()rB« Sin, /,«<•)(/. Je Milii'cs, " (Signed) ThOS. CoiTIN, " Ju,i;« a Pail pour le. District de Madawaska et Vork comte.'" " Moi, Franrnis.Alltert, jo confessB d'avoir rec'u do iaennes Sir, siiii billet pnur la sumnio du dix b>uis trcizu cholins, Icquel son |>ayer sous solde de tmis romptes pour divers fraix caiiso pour avoir agi contrc les loix de Bolro Proviarede Nouvulle Brunswick. mark " Fb«. X Albert. ■" Grand Sault, York comlf, » Mars le 26, 1792." *' Madawaska, le 23e Avril, 1792. •' A Monsiers, iiikI oIIicdi, His Miiji>ty'» fiiiilil'iil miliji'iifi, whii-li their ignontnci of the Umiti, uiiil nurli liiius iiiul I'orcu may uicusiun." Ti> verify llio fiifls iiImivo iillfn;<^l il wiis our iiilcn- tiiiii 111 cxmniiif iIh' |irliliiinrr>i uiiil siuli wilutsso as tlicv niiglit 111' alilii to uililui'o iH'luro us, and fur llial |)ilr|iiisi' llie Solii;iliir-(ii'iii'riil uii(iiaiiili'il I'oliiiic' laliy (hfix'df, Imt IVimi tin' ilistaiico in|iaiii('il Ynur Kxri/I- I '111 y's ri'Ci'ri'Kci.', uiiil aie JH'n'Uiitn aimexfii, wliiili in iirdrr to nvnid any Imi'^cr liiduy, iiidiu'e us to ro|iiirl to Your KxL'i'llt'iii y, that tlio facts hIIi'himI in thi' |H'ti- tioii res|iui'linj; the arrost of Jaci|Ui.'s Cir, the Litule- nani of Milititi al Mailawaiikii, and his U'ini; con- dui-tud to tht' (Jraiid Sanlt, and tlii'ri>(om|irlU'd to givr his promissory nolo to Kraiiiis AlUrt for ten pounds und ihirti't'ii shiliiiii»s for pii'li'ndod t-xpi'iises, said to liavo U't'ii occasioiii'd l>y his hiiviiii{ actrd ronlrary to tlir laws of till' Proviiiro of \i'W Urunswiik, apptar to us to bo true, judijing from ihu original papi-rs, viz : 1, — " A copv of a writ of execution issiiiMl from tlir Court of Common I'li'us ut (iuilu'c, lestud 15. h February, 179:,'. 2. — " A letter from Francois Cir and Jacques Cir, to Colonel DamUiurges, certified by Ri'gis Robicliaud, without date. 3, — " \ paper siijnod Thomas Coslin,juge a paix pour le district do ^ladawaska ct York Conitc, pnr|Hirt- 1 iii({ to ho an inhibition to Francois Cir and Jacques Cir, from executini! any order issuiiii; from any other i'rovince, within the ilistrict of Madawaska, unless it be signed and ordered by a Judi{C of New Bruns- wick, dated J6lh March, 1792. 4, — " An acknowledgement, to which is subscribed Kraiu'ois Albert, of his having received a promissory note of Jacques Cir, for ton pounds thirteen shil- lings, for expenses (X'casioned by his having iicled cuntrarv to the laws of New Brunswick, dated 28th March,' 1792. 3.—" A letter dated Madawaska, 23rd April, 1792, from Francois Cir i.nd Jacques Cir, to Mr. Dam- bourges, Colonel of the South Militia, Lieutenant Colonel Baby of the Canadian Militia, assures us that a company of Militia teas establi»hed by order of Lord Dorchester, ut Madawaska, about two years ago, and that Jacques Cir, is a Lieu- tenant in that company, so that that fact is also tn:e. " We liavo applied to the Council Office hero for a copy of any proceedings that might have been had in council respecting the line of division between this Province and New Brunswick, and have obtained a copy of certain papers there deposited, which show that the line between the two Provinces has not yet been ascertained : — a copy of those paiivrs we herewith submit to Your Excellency, viz : 1, — " Description of the Bonndnrics of the Proyincos of Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New-Brunswich, from His Excellency Lord Dorchester's Commissions, and of the United States of America, from the Definitive Treaty of the Peace, in the handwriting of Mr. Secretary Motz. 2, — '* Copy of Lord Dorthester'i Insiruclioiu lo Mr. John Ilulland, who was directed tu nccompiiiy Mr. Finluy, in order to nssist in marking out tlia Boun- dary Line, tinted (|iii'lii>c, Olh July, 1787, hUo in lliu Imndwriliiig of Mr. Secietury Mule. 3. — " Lelicr by way of lleport from Mr. John Mol- laiiil lo Lord Dorchcslcr, dutvd (|ut>b«c, 26th July, 1787. ■1.— " lleport of a CommilU'C of the Cmincil chnrKeil to ronsiiler the subject of the Boundary Line between the two Provinces, and the means of encouraj^iiig ihe coinmuiiicatiiio, and settling the lands in that viciniiv. Dated, (;ouncil Chamber, 18lh Oclober, 17S7. ■ " All which is mnst humbly submitted lo Your Excellence 'i considciu'ion. " (Signed,) J. William*, Sot. Gm. " Samuel Holland. "QueUc,29lh July, 1787. '» No. 33. Extracts from the Report of the Royal Contmis- sioners. Colonel Richard Z. Mudge and (J. IF. Featherstonhaugh, Esifuire on the subject of the Southern Boundary of Canada, 1810. (Page 9.) — " Having found the physical geography of the disputed territory very much at variance with all the accounts of it lo which we hud had access, and |ier- ceiving that the popular opinions regarding it both in Great Britain and in the United States of America, owed their origin to the previous surveys and nego- tiations respecting tho Boundary Question, some uf which surveys we found singularly at variance with our own careful observations made on the spot, as lu heights of some leading points of the country of vital importance lo the question ; we came tu the conclusion, that the most signilicant of those previous estimates, and which were connected with important inferences, were conjecturally made, without knowledge of the truth, and that tlius very incorrect statements had been submitted to the judgment of the Sovereign Arbiter, to whom, under the convention of the 29tli September, 1827, those previous survey's were lo be referred. We shall, in the course of this Report, point out lo your Lordship these inaccuracies in a more specific manner. " Alive to the important (tearing of this somewhat unexpected state of tilings, it became necessary for us immediately upon our arrival in England, io enter upon a more careful study of Ihe diplornatic history uf the dispute ; in which was to be found those arguments which had been raisei! upon ihe erroneous statements wo have alluded to, a'.iil which had taken so strong a hold upon the public mind in the United Slates of America. " Tho assumption consequent hereupon, which is entertained in that country, that a particular range of highlands north of Ihe Saint John's river, and running parallel with, and at no great distance from the Saint Lawrence, is the range of highlands intended by the treaty of 1783, scemeil to have suggested to the official agents, employed by the American government under [r,9] Iho 5lli nrticlo or tlin truiily iirfilii'iii, llio niui.'a-iity of niHiiitiiiiiirift lliiil llif liiiuiulary |iro{ioM:il liv llic Iriaty of I7H,{, whs ilk-Ill kill witk tlio iiiirliMit |i[iiviiit ml lioiinilrtry lulwrrii llir IVoviiici! of (^iji'liiu: mill lli^r ^!iljl'»(y'l^ I'r, unci.' of Nova Scoliii. 'I'iiis iiNMrlion, wliK'li u|i|iL'iiri'il III ilerivi' |iliiii!, illlil In insist lliiil llin HiisiTlion was njlo^i'tlinr " (Mnijccliirul ami im'a|iiililu tif satisfactory proof. " 'I'lio voluMiiiiouN coiillirliiif; tli>tiimi!iit.s wliicli iIiIn point );avi> rise to, show how 'niicli tke lirili.HJi oHinial iij^imiIh vvi-ru niisliiil liy lliu g(>ii«ral ifrnoranre wliicli uxi.sloij of llii.' inti-iior pnrts uf tlio ttinitory in ilispute. Tlirv wtiro rinlil in ik iivini; that tliu unciunt pnivi '':ial liiainiliiry was iil' ulna! Willi till! raii^i! of lii^lilanils claiineil on llio part of (lio IJniled Stall's ; liut lliey ■..«[« wron" in ileiiyinj; lliat llie line of iloniarcntion uslaklisliuil by tliu anuit'iit provincial lionnilary, was iiitimatclv coiincctcil with the lioiindarv intenilcti hy tliu linil nrticlu uf the treaty (if 1783. " When Ihi! American aRcnts asscrli .1 that the treaty lino anil ihu ancient provincial Imuialary were iilcntical, and when the liritish aijenls denied that they were so, liolli parlies placed the ipieslion at issue iipiai ijrounds daiij;eroiis to their respeclive claims, for if it had heen known that a rani^e ot liinh lands , orrespoiid- illi; with the terms of the treaty, existed in a part of the territory which neither of the parlies had examined, nnmidy, .south of the Chandicre and the Hay of Chaleiirs, in which ran thu line of demanalion of llie ancient provincial lionndary, the Americans would never have made their assertion ; hut on the conlraiy, would prohahly have channed nruiiments with oar own commissioner and anetils. The rniled Stales are, however, committed, hv the case which they laid licfore His .Majesty the King of the Nellierlands, to their assertion of the identity of the ancient provincial lioundary with the lino descrilied in the Jnil article of the treaty of 17H,l. But it is prohahle tliat a liiller knowledge of the interior of tlie disputed territory, llian existed at the time of the snlmiis.sinnof the case to Ilis Majesty llie Kiiii; of llie Nelherlands, now ohiains in the United Stales. Of this we had indications on our arrival in .\merica, in .\ugiisl, |S;10, when some vl' Iho American Tiewspapers called loudly upon us to proceed to examine the lim^ of hinhhinds claimed hy them ; and this, no douht, with the view of drawinu' our attention from those parts of the country west of tlin Saint .lolin which lie alon;; the easlern and weslern sources of the Penoliscot. And the same newspapers at the termination of our lahoiirs, exiiihited in no very courteous terms, their dissatisfadion willi the course we had pursued, misrepresmlin;; all our proccedinu's, deiiyinsj that we had visited the line claimed liy lliein, and ilisislinj; that if we had ihaie so, we should have lieen compelled to report in favour of it. We relate the.se circu'nstances to your Lordship, to show that the very sanguini! aud almo.st universal opinion which oli- tains in the United States, and wliich has lieen .mi ge- nerally expressed th re, in favour of the boundarv line being to be found so near to the Saint Lawrence, has been partly occasioned hv the true lino ofhnimdary never hav- ing been practically exiimined, and of no report having been made in detail of its true nature ; whilst the yiast surveys and negotiations, as well as the public attention in both countries, have been almost exclusively direct- ed to the line brought forward by the Americans as the iHiundary intended by the treaty of 1783. For al- though Mars Ilill was with groat colour of justice proposed by the British official agents as a point in 16 that range of highlands, * at which thu due north lino should stop. III order to form thu north-west angli' of No\ a Scotia, still no line "along the highlands," had been surveyed or pracliciilly examined in a western direclioii from theme. 'I'he argument iIiiin caiiai con- lei'tiirally before the King of the Netherhinds, and wat left slill more impotent by the denial, on our side, of liny coimei lion lielweeii the ancient provincial boiindury and the liiiu duNcribed in the 2nd articlu uf thu treaty of 17H3. "We have to remark, also, as a proof of the mis- taken notions entertained in the Uniled States, respei I- ing their supposed highlands, that if we, in accordancti with tlieir wishes, had coiilined our invesliiralions In the line ilaimed by llieni, we nIioiiIiI lia>u come at once III till; conclusion at wliii h, on niaking it the last branch of our invesiigaiioiis, weliiiM' u( tiiiilly arrived, namely, that lliat line is delicient in every essential character reipiisite to make it conliirmahlu wiili the description of the bouiidary intended by the treaty of 17H;J. JJe- lieving that they never would have invited us to expose the (h'k'cts of the line claimed liy thiiii, if they had la'cii aware of those ihfects, we iiiiist infer lliut tliev them- selves, with soiiH' few exceptions, are wilhoul any prac- tical knowledge of the real characler of the line of houndiiry which they insist upon, some striking proofs of which we propose hi.'reafler to adduce. (F*. a.^.)— "The proclamation of ITtiS states nUo, ! Ihat the line of lioundary of the government of Queliec, is to pass " along the north coast of the liay of Cha- leiirs ; " it does not .slate, us has heen erroneously as- serted, that the line pas.ses along the highlands, which are on the north coast of the liay of Chaleurs ; but merely Ihal it, the line, 'v to pass along the n.>rth coast, so as to phu e the whob,' of Ihat part of the country, down to the water's edge of the bay, within the juris- diction of (iuehec. .\nd it is a fact, which will liere- afler be shown, that the highlands tlo extend from the easlern souri'esof the I'eiiobsiol, to the Hay of Chaleurs, I'liriiing a perfect continuity of higldands from that bay to the heads uf the Cliaudiure. " The propriety of including all the settlemenl.s ac- customed to 1«! governed by French law, and profes- si::g, as the Canadians of those settlements did, the , Koman Catholic religion, was manifestly one of the mo- lives for extending the jurisdiction of (Quebec, where- ver llie settlements were French. This is evident, lii/lh from the laugiinge ol the proclamation of 1763, wlieri; the boundary line is directed to go " abso along " the north coast of the H.iy of Chaleurs," liecausu various fishing settlements were there ; and from the recital of the same lioundary in the Act 14 Geo, 3. 177 1, commiudy called the Quebec Act, where the souliiern boundary is thus descrdjed. " All the territories, islands and countries in North " America, belonging to the Crown of (ireat Britain, " bounded on the south by a line from the Hay e*" " Chaleurs along the highlands which divide ic " rivers that empty themselves into the Saint La ■- I " rence from those which fall into the sea, to a point " in forty-live decrees of northern latitude, on the " eastern bank of the river Connecticut." " No particular point of the Bay of Chaleurs is here mentioned at which this lino is to begin, and there is nothing in this act which forbids the jurisdiction of i ! * On asreiidinii the river Saint John from Wondntock, the crailiinl riHC of tlie rouiitry in cviileiit ; anil several miles bc- j lore the traveller arrives at tlie stream called Des Chutes, he I perceives tliat he is about to pass through a range of highlunds. I [GO] ({iicliec to f(i> HH fjir NDiitli III lliu wiiitlit-rnintiNt point ofij till! iiitv III' Cliiili'iirK at KiidiiirKt, iii iiniili luliluilt) 41 tU'HU't!% 'M iiiliiiiici. *' I'/iii III i)u! I ommiwiiiiii iif MniilDKiiii Wilinnl, iliilnl \ JNt 111 Nihi'IiiIht, nti.J, llir U'lVtTiiiiii'iil of lln> I'rii- viliir III' Niiva St'iitia Im ilinilcil to " lie iHiiiiiilril liv " (111- niMiilirni liMiinil.irv nl mir Pruviiiii's nt' I^ihImc " an I'.ir a* Ihe ii'r.iltrn celtrmili/ nl llir Hay ilr.s " (Miali'iliM." Anil this is rrprali il in nlliii rnliiliiii- ' simis III iriivcrihiri ai taiiniio |«'i'ini|s. Kill as nii pail ol' (III! trrriliH'V ill ilispiiii- Willi (ill' I iilti il Slali'N I'iiii llr <'a«t 1)1' da' iliir imrlli lliii- rrnlii llir siiiircr (■!' llic Saint Croi\, llir acts ut' tin' |lrili>li niivtriiiiitnl liiiicli- inn tlu' parlilliillinrill nt' iaiiii!* Ii lirriiiiii' m paralcil iki iisionully liv wild' uupn, (Imi piiriKiiiH niiinri iiiii; llir |h uks InIiii;, ni'Vcrtla'lt'Ns, very I'li'Miiril. As ii piisM's I'lirilirr III ilii' I'asI, ito t'onti- iiiiih lit'i'iiiiirs iiiiiri' iiilriniplril, it assiinii'ii h ciiurucli r III' iiiiirli li'ss i'li'\.iliiiii iliaii it niuiiilaiiis vn'si o( m-yvu- ly ilrurri's 111' west liiniiilililr, so that wlifii ll rt lirad iil tlirCiiniii rti- " cut riviT ;" and is liiiiiiiil to tliat part nf lliriii wliirli lirs wi'sl I., {]»: dill' tmrlli line, ami to llii' |Niiiit at wliii'li till* dill' iiortli line I'riHii tlir Knurivsof tliu Saint ('roi\ riviT L'onics to tliosu liigiiluiulN. (I*. 3!) ami 10) — " Tlirrc iini various jiiiis nf wliat liavr oiiri' lii'rii ((inliniious ridi;i's, innri' or Irss clc- vali'd, traversing; in a iiortli-i'.is|irl\ dini linn this ilis- piiti'd lirrilorv, muiic of wliirli lane I'i'in so alir.idrd iind linilii'ii down tliat tlay are marly olililci.ilril, iravin^; oidv pinks at i^rcat distani es from cai li otlitr, Imt in till' saini' iiiiiijm'tic ilirectinii. V\'i; sliall only speak of tlirie priiiripal ones, the first in order heini; till' riilu'e of wliii ll the liald Mmiiil.iiii', rislnn in north latitude 16 ileiirees 15 miiiiili's foim a M.'ol to ihesniiih, and krepim; ils cmirse by u well drliiied ele- vation, south nfthe Knosiiic, it strikes the valley ofllio riU'i Saint .Inhn, nearly nppnsile to the nioiilb of the Tnliiipii' river. From that point east waril, the coun- try iiiriin ri^es rapidly in elevalimi, and preserves the same < harai'ler in a cniiliiiiioiis ele\ati'd ruge, iiiler- riipleil only by n few slight depressiniis, until it up- prnaches the shores of the Hay of C'huleiirs. " The section of eleviilions wliicli we have placed on the left iiiaririn of the map, taken In tweeii the extreme points, \[z :, the Hay of Chaleiirs and the sources uf liie Saint Jnhii, with the bamnielrical heights in F.n- ^lisli feel, will give a just view uf the elevutiun uf tlio country alnng the whole line. " ^Ve have not Is'cn nhle, for Want of nMim, to pl.icc upon this section all the baroinelii, al elevalioiis we have taken betwixl the river Saint .lohii and the liay of Cbaleiirs. Neither do all the elevations taken by im appear on the map, the scale upon which it is projei ted not nihiiiltiiiir of their bein>; alt placed nn their respect- ive liM'alities. That part nf the sectinii nearest to the Hay nf {"hali'iirs nlily represents the lietu'lit nf (he liinil on the iiorlhern face nf that portion of the axis uf maximum elevation which runs between the pointu .iliove spoken of. .A line iimiiiiii{ westerly from Halh- iirst, anil a litlb^ to the south of Middle Kiver, ^ives a series nf elevalioiis In Kniflish liet alsive the sea, from east to west, as far as Nictnr l-iike, where the line joins the series of eh'Valions of the iiorlbern face, as fnlhiws : iMi, 'MH, u.'il), 711, Hl.'i, 7*0, «tU, K73, 1,010, 1,()7H, sriO, 1,.;fl7, l,93l, I,;2U1,H1!), I,HI5, .',110, 1,5s.!, |,H1(I, i>,110. The distance upon which these eleviitiolis are distributed Is about lifly-slx miles, a few of these were taken upon conspicuous peaks, but the intervals between tbern are continuously of a lofty cbarader. " The u'cnernl ns|)cet of the whole lino corresponds with its lieigbt, and is niountainouii. ' The \episl};nit river, which flows to tlic east, I which empties itself into the Bay "f Clialeurs at or nnrtli-wost flank the inn.st smithern bead strennis Halhiirst, takes ils ris»!, to);etber with its nortlierr» of the Cbaudierc river take their rise. (Nintinii- branches, in this chain, lis likewise does the L'p.sal- ing its nortb-eiisterly course. It separates the riMr ipiitcli, which flows (otlM! north tu join tlic Uestigouclie. I)u fiOiip, another branch of the riiaiidiire, from the , most western sources of the Penobscot river which ibs- " From Niclor Lake, tlie axis continues to the rivet charges itself into the atlantie (x-ean. This ridge is the Saint .lohn, in a south-westerly direction, trending bet- one which Pnwnall dcscribeil, and which the Koyal ween Ihe Tnhiipie river and the Salmon river, in a priKlamation of 17C3 fixes as the southern bounilary of hold cnntinuoiis riilge, varvingfrom 750 to 1000 feet. the government of Quebec, viz : Ij On the west siile nf the Saint John it reappears on the a soiitli bank of the Roostiic, near the Falls of this river, " The said line, crossing the river Saint Lawrence and ' where it has an elevation of 710 fiet. F>oni thence, " the Lake Champlaiii, in forty-live degrees of north | liie section, with the heights expressed in English feet, L.;i ] rxlliliilii llif* ulitViilioii III' llir riiiiiilry In llm miuri'm iif till' Siilhl Joliii. \Vi' liiiti' mil I'liiiliiiiii'il il iiiiv I'lirllitT Id iIii' miiiiIi-WhiI, iih the riil|{ii rniiii llnrit'i' |iii«'lti^ii n (■■iiiliiiiiiiii!! Iiillv I'liiinirliT III llii' lii'iiil wiiliTs III till' ('■Illlll'I'lil'Ilt rlviT, Willi nil IMiril^K lll'i)(llt nl illilMll itIIIH) fri'l. Wii lli(iii|(lil il Ulilini iMirv III lAliiiil llii' HO'liiill III <«i Kri'Ul u iliiliiiirr, iiiir rmilil wn Ihivii ilniin it cimvi'iiii'iilly ii|iiiti tliu |irii|N'r miiIl'. " \Vi' lliiTcfiirn pri'iicnl lliinnvit of lnii\iiniimf li'vii- lliili III' lliii wliiilii ciiiiijir) IIS ill.' iruii lii^lilaiiili inli-nili'il liv llii' .'ml nrlirli' iililir irmly nl' \'iM, iiiiil- ilii; III llii' rlianirli'r III " liii{liliilii'>" ii'i rmiliii ilmliiii'.iilHli- I'll rriMii IiiwIhiiiU, iIii' I'linilitliiii riijuiii i| liy llir ii'i'iily III' iliviiliiii; lliu " riviTi lliiil iiiii| ilii'iiiM'ltrs mill llir " Siiliit liiiwrriiri' I'i'iiiii lliiiMi uliK II il.iw iiilnllii' iillmi- " liciiri'iiii, II) Ihc north uWHlnitiniiHl head <;/ U\t Con- " ntcticut rivi-r." Il will lio wen liiiri'iiflcr, lliiit lliis is llir (iiily I'lirt nl' tliH 'ln llir allan- lir III ran, wliirli arc inlriiili'il liy llm Iniih In lir ili\ iil- I'll I'min lliii riviTs wliirli I'liijily Ihriiisi'lvi's iiitn tin rivrr Saiiil l.awmiri'." (P. 53.) — " Wc liiivr, in till' lirst pliirr, I'lnlravniiri':! \ tu nIkiw tliiit \vi' sliiiiilil liavii lii'i'ii ai'lilii; iiirniisiNlinlly i Willi IIki iiirnniiMliiiii wliiili wo |i<)iim.'.sn, unil willi lliu fucti wliicli wc liHvi' In rii|inrl, if wu luiil ailn|iti'il Iho griiunil wliicli Ilia nllicial Mrilisli n);ciits, who liiivc prc- ciiilril IIS ill till' iiivcstiiraiinn nf this liniiiiilary i|iir.slliiii, ri'licil ii|Hiii an (isM'htiul to ihii mniiitviiHiH')' nl' thr Mrili.sh view nf tilt' (|Urnclaimilinii el' HUil. In o|i|)ONilioii to tliut erro- neous impression, we have felt it our iliity In .show that Ihiiw! lines were nne unil Iho san»' tllill^^ Inileeil the 1 evlmilinn In the iinilherii lirimi li nl' the river Kesli){nii- very ilclinition of the point in the tn.'Utv, viz ; the coin- | .i,,,^ ^^.),j,.|| j, |r,,|(.>eiilcil as fnriiiiiii{ the itoiilherii Ihiiiii- riileiice nf the line nnrtli line with the liinhlaiiils, prnvch - " Nil. 3.-). E.rlf(trli> from rimnrUn, imulf on Ihe porl oj (Irrat Hrildin, on Ihe lriiii«irii>l njii iiuif), coiiiiiiiiiiiiiileil an eriihnce on Ihe purl of Ihe I 'nihil Sliilen, .i/imc- I'lii; //((' lilsliifoiiche rirer, ii.s Ihe houniliiri/ lulween <'unaila and i\eiu Uruswick. " The Prn\ iiice nf \ew nruliswick is laiil ilnwn us thut the rominissinners I'nr licirni-iatini; the Irculy of 1783, considured lliii " hinliluriiLs" of the treaty to he Olio unil Ihe snine thiiiir with the snulhern liniinilary nf the Province of (^nrhcc ; for if \ova Scotiii Inul e\lrnil- «il fiirtlicr to tliii mirth or to Iho west, than the point 'whcro the due north line was to intersect the liii;hlaiiils, llmt point woiihl have liecii the iinrlh cast aiiirlc nf the State nf Maine, hut cnulil not have heen the nnrlh-west luiglo nf Nnvu Scotia. Fnr the true nnrlh-west iiiijjlc Would have heen still further to the north or to tiie West, nt whatever point the western hoiinilary of Nova Scotia touched the soiitliurn houndary of the Province at Quebec. No 34. ilary of the Province nf I, nwcr (Canada. This is per- fectly arhitrary and uiisii{ipiiili'd hy any prnnf, the lioMiiilary hclwern these two Provinces havinj; never hern a.scertaiiird, and lii'iii); still siilijcct tu cnnlliclin^ pinvincial claims. lint this is altnj^rlhcr a nialter of dmneslic rciriilalinn, willi which have no concern." fnreigii iiatinns can Nl). 3(3. Statement concernini( the. nnrlh-wesl ansfle of Nova Scotia, extracted from Ihe first Slalemcnl on Ihe part of Great Britain in the reference made un- der the bth article of the treaty of Ghent. " In treating the first slated branch of differoiicc, the principal quustion tu bo determined Is this : " Wlicro in the point designated in tho treaties as the north-west nnglo of Nova Scotia .' " " This point can only be determined by first deter- mining the other objects by which, accordini; to Ihe Iroaty that anijle is entirely governed, namely, the hiifUanda, and the rivers to be divided by those higtt- lands. Extract from remarks made on the part of Great Britiiin, on certnin documerits communicated as eciiience on the part of the United States, shewing Ihe extended jurisdictionof New Brunswick over the disputed territory. " The remarks lioloie cited from the first American slateineiit relating to acts subsequent to the treaty of nnS, will also apply to these (hicumcnts, which uie all of a Inter date than that instrument. " Tho otiject of producing lliem, as evidence on this occasion, would .seem to lie In shew an actual jurisdic- tion hy the liritish Province of New Brunswick, as against her sister Province of Canada, on the upper I part of the river Saint John, and ns far north as the river Re.stigoiiche.* Whatever might be the oficct of this evidence in a controversy as to limits between tho above named Uritish Provinces, which can only be dc- * A line alims; ttie. channel of a river ran never be a line along " y//s-A(a;iM'r«) iit(iiliikl itix I'liilcil Sliitio, a rinir llriliili iHiiM'tNiiiii mill jiiii'Mlictiiiii III llic |i|.iii'i> in i|iii'it> inn. VVIii'ii liiki'ii III I iiniK'SKni willi llu' rliiiin iil' I'liiiiiilii III |iiriMlii'tiiin niiil trrntiny iiiiiifr /iMWidAfii tft Frrdfricion, S. H., DM l/llltA, IMII. llouDi: o»' AiiiEMHi.r, Siitiiriliiy, Ki'briiary i llli. N.>. 37. f 'ii/)l/ of It i-ouliilniluil ilmiiiifrli n' Sir (,'. Miirro)/, of thr nth April, IM;ll», ■•iiilirc to llir iliiiiim of i aniiilit iiiitlSni'Hriinsii'ick lojuritdiilion wilhin the (/i»/ll(^•l/ Irrrilury. (Ciipy.) " Conjidntlial." Ihtpliciitt. " l)(>\vnin)r Slroi'l, Nth April, IH.!l). " Sin, — Willi rofiTcncc lo my despnlcli nl' llin Tlli ^ iiiHlunl, " I'liiillilintl.il " iriinMiiliiiii;; (III! lirst slalcincnt nil llir pnrt nt' (iriiil Itritaiii nl llic ilispiilnl pninH mnlrr ihi' lil'ili iirtii'li' III' llir trviily nl' (ilii'iil, I liiivc imw tlir ' limior III unpiaint ymi, tli:il, in nrilir lliat niir ciindut't iiiiiy III' ciiiiMisliint willi iiiir iirnuiiiriils, it in niT('s>ary thai thr I'rnvinrr nl Lower I'aiiiiiLi kIiiiiiIiI iiiiilinuc, williiiiil it icrr.iplinii. In i'\rriMS4'a(dii'liiin over llii" " Kiel' 111 Mailawaska." This Kief enviTH (he I wliole nl' Teniisipiatii Lake, ami nine miles in length | ilnwn llie river Mailawaska, wliiih issues IVoin thai lake. 'I'll!' I'rnvinie nl' New Hrnnswiek, as proved on the trial of .liihn H.ikir, exeri-ises arliial jiiriMlielion over till' Mailawaska selllemeni, hill this selllelneiit extends aloii); llie main river Saint .lolin, hnlh alinve and helnw the ennlliience nl" the Madawaska river ; and no jnris- diitinli appears lie I'aclo to have heen exercised hy New llriinswirk on the Mailawaska riMT aliove its ininith, where a uratil of hind was made hy the (;ovt'riiliient ol' that Province lo Simon llehert, in iKi.'i. " I'nilor those cirrnmstanees, therifnre, il is ndvisn- hie tor the ifovernniinl ol Lower Canada In niainiain and exeieise its jiirisdirlion over the laki^ 'IVniisipiata and tliu river Mailawaska ipiile down to the aforesaid irrant In Simon lleherl at its iihiiiiIi, which will include the whole " Fief of Mailawaska," and the novernmeiit nl New Brunswick to maintain and exprcisn its jiiris- diclinn, as heretofore, in oiIht parts of the disputed ter- rilorv, incdudinn the Madawaska settlement on the main river Saint .Inlin, Imt not to extend it up tlieriv<:r Madawaska. I have communieated corresponding in- structions to Mr. President HIack, administnriiig the government of Now Brunswick. " I have the honor to he, " Sir, " Vour most ohodient humhio ser'i'!>ft;', " (Signed,) G. Morrav." Lt, Gen. Sir Jas. Kempt, G. 0. B. &c. &c. &c. " Divinion iif Carleloii Bill. "The Koiisii went into il Cotninitlee of i|ii> whole on the hill to dividi' the county of Cuilulon, " Mr. Perley, (M. V. for thn rounly of Carleton) said lliiit tl xireine len){lh of the couiily, il lN'iii|( Iroin \M In Kill mih's, rendernl ii division neceiMiry. The ciMinly hiiildiiiKs lH'ini( niliuileil Ht WiNNlsliH-k, near ihu lower end of the county, llu- inliHhitants of Madii- wnska had In travel KHI mih>s to the court, llu IIiimikIiI also ihiii hy iliviilini; the cminly now it lnii(lil nlmiiflhfn thf rltiim of Ihin I'rovincr in selllinn the boundary wilh Canada, as il wonlil itive us ihi- ri)(ht of possession. ||i> said that the Umg distanco the |h'ii- pie in the iip|H'r part of the county were Hitiialed from the pud made it very dinicult lo iidniinisler juntice, in conseipience of which muny hum's wvri^ left uniioliccil. " The liimlM'r Irmle was now nonrishinK In lliiil purl which would form the new county, owiny; to which ( irciimslance the inliHhilanIs were as well alili^ lo defray the expenses of the new County liuildiii)(s now as they Would Ih' at any future |H'riiHl ; iM'sidea which they were all in favour of the division, hu liu|ied the house would pass the hill. " Mr. Knd, (M. P. for Iho county of Gloucester) said that the ipieslion for dividing Ihu county of Carleton had cnmi! up hel'ore, when the princi|iiil ohjeclion iirLTi'd apiinsl it was the unsettled state of the iHiimilHry ; hill iinw the Ana'ricnn iHMindnry wustu'tUed he lliou);ht the liniise was hound lo give them iinollier county. The French of Maduwnska '.vi're a line loyal set of fid- Inws, and he (Mr. Knd) would go for the hill, lie would like to know what they intended to call the new county ? lie hoped they would call it Metcalfe ; he hoped the hill would pass, for the French of Madawaska were deserving of the privileges of the British constiln- tion, of which they are now virtually deprived. " Mr. .1. A. Street, (M. P. for the county of Nor- thiimlM'rland) said it was desirable '>o have mure in- formation on the subject. " lie thoni;lit a sketch of tlie outlines of the county, and ucniiinl ol its inhabitants, &c., and the probable line of honnilary betwixt Ibis Province and Canada, should In- laid before the Committee. As to its length, I Iil) miles was too much for one county ; yet they should know if the pipulation set off would be nufli- ! cient for a county ; and whether thev would lie able lo support the county expenses, iic. Ho was favotirablo to the bill, if these ipicstions were satisfadorily answered, as it was almost injustice to coni|iel |ioople to travel too miles to court. " Mr. Connell, (M. P. for the county of Carleton) said the county was almut 150 miles long, and the divi- sion line k'ing fixed at Kivi6rc dc Chute would leave the old county about 55 miles in length. With regard to the utility of the measure, he thought that no better evidence could \m given than that the people In each division were eager for it. At present it was almost [03] imianiiililu III ii\piMitti Jimiicii ill ilin ii|i|H'r |Hirl, Thv I No. 30. uliiri' liiwri llioii)(li( iiiiiHt lir llxi'il iii'ur llic iiiiiiiili urilic I Tiililiiiii', iir 111 till' (iriiiiil hull-; l»ii iliai nv.ih « cjin.- ^ I'.rlfiirl* fiiim Rrporlt of the i, linn tliiit WiK |iiii|HiM'tl uliiiiilil III' Lit III ilii' ill! iniiiii III' Httinmiurk Lrxisliitwr .\'»r, III)' liiuuUi|lill|l-(i>iVr[||(ir. I " lliiiKinililii Mr Wilinol, (M. I». fur llm (Munily ol Yiirk) luilil ilhil till' Niriin^i'<( n ii»>>ii miiilli nlinru nl' llii' Siiilil Jiiliii iiiiw liriiiliK- { I'll III ihii I'liili'il Sliili'*, wlirri' Aini'Miiiii iii«Ii(iiIii>m« i wiTi^ iilri'.iily III I'lill ii|H'r.iiliiii, wliiln nii llu' Krlii^li miji', | — ;jii»l iirriiM II ii.iiriiw rinr, llin |u'ii|ilii with Inliillv I lii';;li'i:li>i|. If ii'illiihi; liii iloMii In niiiiili r.ii't lliu iiillii- , nil II mull a nl.ili' ii|' iIiImki Wi'ir ralrilliiliil In lirmn llliniil, i'niii|iiiriMill« Wniilil tin ili'iiWh wlili li i niilil iml lull In III! unriiMiiiralili' til ilillisli iii«liliillnns Mmlii- Wii'ir /lu'i/ix/ii'i/ lit t'rrileridon S, H., I'itk XlJich, IN 1 1. " lloviB or AnKrMiti.r, " MmiiU, Muri li I. " Till' llniiM' ilii'ii Willi Iriin II f.'iiinriiilli f lln' wliili'. Ml. lliiiiiiiiKinii, (M.l*. I'nr tliu cimiily of Wi'sininrcl.iiiil I M lliii t liulr. Ii, "On lukliiK ii|i till' Mi-^Mixi' nf Ills JAri'lliMicy, iHiiimliiry Im'Iw lliis I'mviiim iiiul C.iii.nl.i »li mM lir ivliilivi' in llm wllii'iiiuul nl" lliu Hniimliiry ijuvWioii — wllji'il iirrnrillli){ In llii> |irrlrnliii||i nl' llial rnlmiv, Wllirll NVilH llic liliT M.lll IW.I^k.l, llli' |ir.i|in»ll| lll'W inimly wuultl Mill In: 70 nr Ml) iiiili'> {ma,. " Willi rnKiirii In llii> ^llil'l' Inwil lir llinii>(lil llii' Ori'i il Knlli wniilil III' II H'liiil nilii.iiiiiii ; it \Vii.> 11 ri.'ii- trul |iv tin' rniinly iif Killl,) Siliil, III' lllil nnl Ml llii' llv III .1 I nllHIlllln' |r|iii|Tllli; nl) ^ llir lii.illi'l .11 .ill,l'ii' lliiil lalil iTiliirIt Willi llir llnliii' );ih Mrniiiriil. Ill' llimiulit till' ri'{H>rt lliul liiiil alrraiiy Ihiti lliaili ll> i.nl'il .\>lllliMtil|| Will 11 MllMinlni V nlir, llllll ir llii> i|iH">lli>n W.1S l.iki'U ii|i II sli mill liii liy lliii Kxi'- I'llliui L'lMIIHll, llll.l linl liy 11 tnllllllitll.'U III' llllll IllHIfU. , j " Mr. I'lirti'lnw, (M. I', liir llii' niiinly nl' Saint " .Inlili) Kiilil, llir I'nniiiiitlrr, In.' was snrii, iiail lin llllt'li- ' li I'lakllii; llii' Miallir mil. ul' llir lianiNnl llii: Fai'iii- li\IJ ('iMIIII'll. " llniinralili! Mr. Wilinnt,. (M. I'. Inr llu i iily nf ^'n^k)lllnll;{lll il lirsl liijiil iiji a n s|ii'(MI'ill iiililir>N In llii) ({nil II, i'\|Mi wivi' nf llirir n|iililniii nil llii.' hiiIijii I, liiit iiiiiinulilrilly till' lirrilniy in ilisjiiilo livluiii^cil to ilium. " llniinralili' Mr. ll.i/i'M, ( M. IMiM llu ritynf Saint .liilin j salll lllli l|llrslinl| lil'lnil llll'ln was ll llillicillt nlll\ aiiil sliiMilil III' ilrait Willi vi'iy i:autlniiNly, for tht KoriiHiHrnl at llnnic luiil Jour fi'iri/ lliinif inlheir " Itii liail lii'i'ii Inririiii'il llial llin Kiiuliii rr ili'|iiirl liii'iil riiiili'iii|il,ili'il iiiakiii'.; u nilliliiry rnaii Irnin Kri' ilrrii'liin In llir lir.iiiil |'',ill.s, anil lliinn' In KaiiiniiraHka IIm liiijH'il llii> liill wiMilil jiaiN, il was lliu iliily nl' llial IliMlw III )rivi' llirlii llir lii'lii'lll nl' lirilisll ln>lilillinli'<, unil fnilir llial spirit ol' Inyiilly wliiili linw liu|i|iil> |iri'Miil< I lliiTi', ill' wniilil rrialc an am rilnlii illiiH- 1 Iralivii nf llii'ir allarliniriil In (iriMl lllil. iiii ; sini r llir [ Amuricaii liniimlarv wat iu'lllril ihr uiimial nnlilia Ir.iiniiii; Innk |ilaru ini IIh' lirilivli siiln nl' llii' rivur, wlii:n a );ri'at niliiilii'r nl' llii' liii'ii I'rniii Ihr Aiiii'riniii ^i'|||C■v■.' iiMT In train W'illi llii'ir nlil I'lMiiraili'i, anil Uiiiii" lliilisli OilliHirs, mill iiUliniiirh tliii nlliriTit Inlil thi'in llial lliry Wi'ir nn lin^riT liritisli Milijirls, aiiil cniilil lint lin |ii'rinillril In train llirri', tlirv still |iriiiln wi'in alinut In uUilulmi llmnnIiMlii'V liail li 'llir |uM|inni' a ilisuissinii nt liiu their furmii unU aottlo on lliu Hriti.sh niile. 1 "iil-jwl, ami [lass ii rusnliitinii in the moan lime. "llnnnrnlilL' S|ii'aki'r saiil llial wliinllii' ruisc askcil I'nr inrnriiialiiiii, liny win' imi liiiiniil In ri.'lir the iiiullvr In a .Si'li'i't Cnniiiiillci' ; il was hist In lir nililiil what ihry wi'i'ii ^;■n^^H In iln, I'nr llit' qiii'.stiivi onglit to ho hanillcd vrry larofiilly. " It was his n|iinlnii that it wmilil In- lir.sl In Irt the nialtrr stanil In llii' clnsi' nl' llir Srssioii, which would 111' a fnrtiiiijhl nr tlirrr wi'rks, or |irrliii|is u month yi't, am! that wnulil t^iMi hnnnrahlii nirinbrrs I'lili linir for ili'lihiralinii, anil then lit llio lultlruss hi> Ihr last tliinj; iliiiii'. ' IFoiioralilo Mr. Siinnnils, (M. P. for tlio county of Saint Jnhii) aiiil W. II. Siri'i'l, (M. P. for till- city of Saint Jnlin) iigrutd with tlio Ilniiorublu Spcukur. " Mr. J. A. Street, (M. P. for I ho county of North. iinil)i'rhiiiii) saiil, lilt! snhji'ct was one of jtroat intcrpst, inasiiiiirh lis it aU'rcti'il llii' iiili'i;rity of llio Prnvinrc. Ilo lilnu^ht llial all lliu (Incuniciils rotating In the sub- jui't .slioulil be bi'fnro the conimittiie, iiiiil that llioy .should lake it into their t'onsiiloration nt tlio tiino the Civil I.ist Hill pnssoil, thai |inrtinii nnw In ili.s|iulo was tiiun lliought to belong In Ibis Province, but now lliu Cuiia- liiunsclaimoil it ns lH'liiii;>ing In them, lie ngrord with the Hon irable Mr.Wilmot when he »aidlhat undoubted- ly tlio disjiuted Icrrllnry belongod to New Brunswick, tliurefore llioro wore but two questioni, with regard to " Ml. Fisher, (M. P. fnr the niiinly of York,) miIiI, llioy had Ix'tlor nnl disriiss lhi)i|iii'stiniias Inwhrri' llir uliiri' tnwn should ho, but loavo il to His Kvcolli my In di'li'rniino. .-Vs In the bill, it up; aiod as ihnin^li .liiri' woro M'arci'ly twn o|iinii'ns nn the siibjii I. Ho (Mr. F.) hoarlily cnneurrod with il, uml hnjied il wnuld |iii.ss ununimously. " Siinio disciissinii llioii tnnk |ilai'e iibniil Ibo divi- sion lino, wliioli was liiially solllod as rnllnws, viz ; In cnininoiu'o \l Iho American boiinihiry lino whore il is inlor.soctoil by llio llivioro do t'liuto, llieii down thai ; Rlroiini In its cniijiiiiclinn with the river Saint .Inlin, , llioii ncrnss thai river the sliorlost course In tho line [ which dividos llio |iarislios of Perth uiid Kent, llion fnlliiwing tlie cniirM< of that lino iinlil il sirikos, the bniiiidaiy of the county of Nnrlliuinberlanil. , The Hill lliun |iassed wilhnut u divisimi. ( We i undi-rstond that the naming of the new cniinty is In lie 1 loft In His Kxoolleiioy llio Liouteiiant-tinvernor, iind j. that it is nnt tn beenlitlodlosend ro|irosontalives tn the |i House of Assembly until tliu liuxt geliurul I'lection takes place. ) " 17 [Gl] our coiisidiTiilion of llif siiliji'd — wlinllier llir F,xri'u- tlVo Coiiiuil ^lll>lllll M'ltli' llir (Hirslii)ii, or leave il cil- tiri'lv lo III!' lliiiMi! ;;iiMTiiincii(. C'iiiimliiiiis triiil ti> ilcprivr lliriii nl' ii liiri^f Irnct ul' liiiid, lii-icli "* •.vliat Viiliialilc tiinlirr wiii i;ri)\viii'4 IIiciimiii, wliicli il' lliry Wni' III i;i'l ilii'.r i'riil> ii(iMiii|'li>lir(l, woiilil lake (Vum tliis I'riiviiiri' a irrcal |Mirl (ii' iK wciillh, liinlicr lu'iiij: (lie cliicr artiilr dI' rniiiiiirici'. Ni)\v, lie. llnMiiilil llial this was a i{iii'>li<>ii I'lir llic llmni' ^ntcriiiiiriil In m'IIIi', niul llial iIm'V sliiiulil i;iiai(l niir rii;lil.s, mi hr, (Mr. Slri'i'l) wi>lu'(l I'll' as litllc ilil.iv as imssiMi-, as il Viiulil I"' a si'riiMis liis.s 111 llir l'rii\ inci' In lil llir ijiii's- lion ri'Miaiii iMiM'llli'il. " Honiunlili! Mr. Wilmol, (M. P. for llu- comily nf Vnrk,) s.iid, llial if lln' llnusi' xvniilil |iii'sciil an aiMri'ss, (lii'V slii'iilil III' |iiitliriilarl\ raiilimis in wlialnuiiini'r (he ad'lri'^s w.is pitMiari'd ; iIm'v flimilil rxiirrss ii.i ilcudus wlialcvcr as 111 \vli:;l I'rnvlnrr llic land lirliili:;.'(l, lull tiali' |il.iinlv anil Imlilly l' ' il liid.it!.i;i'il In lliini, nnd iiKt admit that ohu iiinj;lu iiii li nf il ludonged In Canada. " Mr. nniwn, (M.l'. for ilu' rniinU- ol' Cliarlnlln,) s:iid ll'at as I'.ir as lie iindrrvlnnd llii' ijia'stinn, llii> I'niv'inro yliiadd );ii nn ilm .\>ldiiirli>n linu aial i laiin all on to the rlrer Saint Lairrnirc. " !Mr. F.nd's rosolnliim llieii passed fnr puslpimlni; (lie ilistii^sion," \.). 10. ', gosled by iho liill, lio llioiif^lil ilioiu would lie n dilTi- ' cully (i) find Kutlicient liailLTiaj in do lliv dulii-H iif parish nrtlitTs, as m- dnulit a fjrcat nuinluT oj' llio I inlnddlanls were Iransicnt persniis, muIi hs InniliiTnicn anil sijiiallrrs, and lie vvmild ask wlial wnlild sm h men as I.nid Slaiiley and Sir Knlierl IVid sav, wlifii llii-y rniilid llicy had dividi'd a parish in a part nl'a cnuiity llial did nnt lirlnn<; tn llin I'rnv inre. ]lv (Mr. liiilij- fiird) considered lliey wnnid he injurinf; llieii own (daiins hy leu;islalini;- this wny, particularly as ihero w»» no i?rf" iit'cessiiy lor liie hdl passing at presenl. " Honorahlo Atlnrney General (llonnrahle J. C. Peiers) said liny had lietler wail until annllier year, and liy that lime, in all prnhaliilily, lliu lines hrlwvcji llii' Provinces wnidil he ilelineil, and there cniild he im liarm iIoim' at any rate, as it was iml cnnlemplaled hy ll)i' hill In haic any parish nllicers appninleil niilil nest .laiuiaiy sessinn, even if the hill passed — a few lia)nths len:;er enuld nnt make much dillLrencc. " Ilnnnral le CNdnni I Shore said sinh n mode of leL;islalinn was corlaiidy premature. Tlio reasnn why the piirisli had nnt heen divided hefnrc was, that that part (if the cnimlry was in dispute h'tween lliu two ','nvernmeiils, hiil when lliat was sellled liv ihe /\,s|i. li'irlon treaty nimiher dill'cully arnse as tn llic dividini; lines helween the two Provinces. lie cerlainlv tlinii<;lit ihey shniild wait iMilil that dillieullv was sellled lii'I'nre lliev niade a division '., Uh Ajiril, LSI I. " Lkcisi.ativk (.'oi'.Nni,, •' Tiiiirsilay, March Jlsl. " Mis llo'inr the Piesident { llonnralde William!' IJIack,) In.ili Ihe chair at lialf-piist Iwdve o'clnci; • Ii (he j.iiirnals of the precedini; d.'.y liavin;^ liecn rtad all' Ihe dork's table. i Ii "The follo\vin'.r '.neinhers were presonf : — Ilonnr- i ahle President, Ilniiiirahle Messrs. Shore, IJoliiiisnn, Saunders Holsfonl, AMorni\v (leneral, Ch.iniller, Street, Wver, Match, .lohiKstou, Owen, Crane, and Minchin, I " The housn went into conimillec of the whole in ' further cnnsidi'r.ition of a hill to divide the parish of ■ Madawaska, in Ihe county of (^arlelon, into tliree »epar;ile and distinct towns or parishes. — llonnrahle | Colonel Shore in the chair. " Ilonnratdc Mr. Holsford tliouudit it wa' n very incnrrecl mndo nf leirislalini; tn divide the parish of Madawaska, while llie line helween the two Provinces was in di^piile, and hv leLjishiliu'^' on the siilijecl jiisl now was premalnre, and it would not make the claim iif New Hninswick anv heller, and tnii^lit he makinir a parish tint would ullinialidv he in the I'mvince nf Cariiiila. The onlj/ positive eliiiin that \nr Jininii- vncli hint to Ihe ^i(l(1tul•nsll(l setHeiiiPnt, man a feu inilfK iiborc the (Irand Falls. If tho Cmada claims WTO correct, and ho was fearful that such rni'jlit prove to he the case, even if they divided the parish at, sng- " Ilnnorahle ^^^. fhandler would ralher wait unlit it was as(e' • ■ led whether the counly was In he divided III Inn? lliev divided the parish, asllare ini;,dit he a dilli- ciilly as In where' the hnunils nf the parishes slinuld ho fixed, lief I Inuor.dde Mr. Cliiindler) was liir diiinj; jus- tice In all of ller Majest^ '.. snlijicts in everv part of the Province, as far as lay in his power, hut did iio! think lliere evisleil any very nri^enl necessity for piissinn- iho hill until al'ler tin IH'W county was eslahlished. " [lonorahle ]\tr. Street considered it o most ahsaril irni/ I'f lesislnliii^, to allrwpl lo pass ii liill for Hie iliviilim; of a ]iarish, irhich, in nil jiniba'iilili/, a greater purl, when the limit be- lii'ien the tiro I'roriner.i irere sellleil, would he Old of the jiirisilielion of Ihe J'rorinee alto- l^iHiir. lie hoped such wniild nol he the case ; lint even admillini; theri' was not the slii;hlest prnspicl nf dial lii'iii'j; Ihe case, he did not see any ijreat nei cssilv in passing the hill at present, at least until the Pro- vince line was delined. 'I'he parish was not snflirini; in anv wav in conse(pience of its extent that he had ever 111 aid of, and whv not let Ihe dividing of it stand over till the next meeting of the legislature. " ITonoraMe Mr. Minchiti was in hopes that the liil! would have passed unanimously ; lieconsidefed the whole of the Madawaska liiloiii;eil to New Brunswick, and as the treaty was sellled with the rnited Slates, they slinuld let the inhahilanls of Madawaska know that iho ^overninenl was delermiiicd to treat them as Hrilish siihjeeis, hy exleiidin!; to lliem all their privileges as such; he cerlainlv hoped the hill would pass, as the parish in ipieslinn had heen depi ived of the |irivilego of having sclioiils long enough. I " Ilonoralile Colonel Wyer was fnr Ihe hill, and did I not think Ihe Canada I'ue ipiislion should have any thing ' to do with iho dividing of tho (arisli. Il'j thought tliu [ cr. ] J.r |o In ■y py Is* r" Iru ir. lir, I nil ''V i\t llli:« r^glitx iif till' iiihiiliilniils iif Macliwaska liail lircii no- glvL'li'il Ion Imi^ iilrraily, unil wIsIiimI (liriii In liavi' llii' |irivili'^;i> III' I'lijiiyiii); ull llio rights wliiili as Ilrili.sli Blllljl'dS tliry (IcMTVtil. " lliinntiililn I\lr. Jnliiiston liail liianl milliii:'; In riin- vinci! Iiitii that tin- jiurlsli .sliniild iiiil li>' iliviiliil, wlictlirr till' couiily was (livjdi'il or iint, iinil I|iimii;IiI llir liill liiiil Slali'il |)rip[irrly Imw llii- |iari>lir. .^IimuIiI hr ili liiiril, ami if it sliiiulil sii lia{i|ii'ii tli.il till' ii|i|ii'r parisji iilliiiiali ly Iii'Iiiii^imI til C.'anaila nr iml, ilial sliiuilil iml |iri'\i'iil tlll'ln I'rillll liilill.; jUNliri^ In IIium: iiitskiis li\itlt; nil till' Wailawaska. Sniiii' parts of llii.' dill was iin|i('rfrr!, but tliiisi: piirls itiulii III' very I'asily |mi1 In iii;lils. " Ilonnralile Mr. Craiir was a^aiii.l llir iiiraiiiii' I'nr two ri'asiilis ; (lir lirsl was, jir lliniiL'lil llii' parisji siiniilil lint III! iliviili'il iiiilil till' lii'W rniiilly was i ^lalilisjii'il : nnd llin nllii'r was dial a pari nf llir M.nlawaska was in diMpiltl! Ill'IWl'lM till' tWll I'lllvilHI'S. " Iloniiralili! Mr. SanniliTS said ;lir\ slunild lake up (lir iiii'asurr in llii' saiiii' wav as if Canada liad ihmt liiadi' anvrlaini at all nil llio sul>i''rl. 'I'lir i|iii'slii>n was, Kliall tliry nr shall ihi'V iint irranl In llin inlial'ilanls nl Madawaska llii' saiiii< pmli'iiinn thai is'^ranlrd In nihrr parts nf the I'rnvincr : lir f'lr nui' iiinsi rrrlainly lhnui;lit thi'y Nlinidd. ir Canada slimild f;i'l wlial slii' .laiins, tn-miirrnw, Irl hrr lakn it, Iml lli.il shnidd nnl prrvrnl them frnin ilnin;; thoir duly as ll'Jri,■^lalnr^ ; iad hi' Wiinlil ask, why shmild Ihi- inlialiilaiils nf Mailawaska bo dnprivrd nl'lliu li'i;islaliM.' pri\ilri;rs that all nthnr parts nf ihi' I'rnvini'r riij'y. Ill' rnlisiiliTi'd llii^ pari^'' shnnlil havi' lii'rn di\ idrd yoars a'.;n, and llial in all prnhaliililv tliat w'niild liavr lirrn dniM',niily (iri'al llri- taiii airri'i'd with thi" I'nili'il Slalis in rrniain ipiiit and nnt liiilil any jiiri.'alirlinii hvit llii' dispiilid Irrrilnry, onlv as far as what was arliially ni'ii'ssarv , iinlil llir snli- ji-rl WMs si'lilril. Ill' Ihnni^lil nni' lA llii' !;ri al riasnns wliv till' I'riivini'C had hisl sn nimli nf llir hi'Sl pail nf tlio Inrrilnrv, Was, liriaiiM' of lirr siipini'iicss in iml Innkiiii; wi'll af' ' hrr rii;lils. If Caiiai'a ijris any pari (if till! Madaw. I, (irr.it Hrilain will iml jnsr il ; Ihcri'f irr, that a. aid nnl prrvrni them frnm passini; the bdl. " Hiinnralilc Prosidrnl llinii»lil llir inlialiilnnts nf Ihr parish nf Mailawaska had hrrii nr^lrrlrd Inn inn::; nnd linw they wrrr ilcsimiis nf riiinyini; llir Siimr pri- t-ilr^cs lis the inliiiliil.inis nf nilirr purls nf Ihr Prn- v'ni'r. Mr liopnd llir hill wnnid pass, .'mil lliry wiiuiil j sne that llir Iri'islatiirr was in ranirsi Inprnlrit ihrni ; i lie tlioiii,'lit Canada rl lims sliiHild haii' nnlhiii^ tn iln with the present question. . " Iloiioraldp Captain Owni was in f.iV'iiir nf Ihc bill. Thr inhahilalils nf Mailawaska had slmwn llirin- i selves to hr a Inyal prnpjr, and wrrr riilillril In Ihr j same privileges as all others of Her Majesty's snhjrils. j " Flonnralde Mr. Ilalili wniihl siippnri llin hill, and tlimi!i;lit the dividinjf nf Ihr parish woiilil lir nf onal scrvirr to the plarr. As to llir Canada i lain), ihal shiiiilil not prevent them from doinij justice to the in- liubilants. " On thoim»,.inrf the Ilnnnralilr Mr. .Inhnslnn, thai llic chairman li avr llin rhair, and rrporl the bill as agreed to, the roinmillrr dividi.'d as fnllnws ; — Content — HoMoiahlr I'rrsiilrnl, Ilnnnralilr Mrssrs. [Saunders, llalrh, Wver, .Inhnslnn, (Iwrn and Miniliin. (7.) — Nnn-conlffiit — Ilnnnrahle Messieurs Shnrr, llnbinson, Holsford, Attorney General, ('liaiiillcr an I Sirrrl. ((!.) It was rarried in ihe alTirmative ; hut on ihe qnrslinn lieinir put by the Prcsidonl, that the report he ariepled, tlio lioiiso divided even, ami the I'residctil not bring allowcJ to vote, the bill was lost." Xo. 11. F.sl: 'cl from Itijmrt.iqf the IMintei in the LrgiHla- lirr Couurilitf Xeir nniii.iii'irli, coiinrniiiidKirt.i of thr lerriliiri/ la diiipule Inlwrrn ('(tniniu nnd \rii' HrniiniLUcI;, iim cnnUlincil in " TItr /.o)/aHnt " (iiiil ('Diinrrrntirr Adrociilr,''' a nrirniiaiirr inib- lishrd in Frriltnclon, S. II., \i)l/i April, \M\. " I.KIil-I.ATn K C(IU.\( II., " Monday, April Isl. 'DlVlSKlN (i|.' TliK COLNTY OF I AIII.KTON. " llonnrahlc Colnni 1 Shore in thrihair. " IlnimraMr Cnhnii'I \Vu" was in favour nf the hill, and linpi'il ihe iniiniy wmihl hr dividrd ; and thniii;lit till' !;rrat ilislaiici! nf ihr shiir town fmiii llir upper riiil nf ihr rnur.lv I'allril Inr it ; and had lirard that thu inhahilalils had siiirrml nn arroinit nf Ihe girat dis- lanrr to llir minity Inwn In transact hiisiniss, and lliu Iniit; dislancr itir iiihidiilanis nf thr nppi r part nf ihe eoinilv were siliialrd I'lnni llic |iii!ilii' lmildiiii;s, inado il very dillleull I'l .•rliniiiisler jnslite ; in cnnsi'ipieneu nf whiili nialiv prrsnns I siapril ihrjiislicr nf ihe law. Mr lhnui;lit llir irrrat disl.inie prrsnns wiiidd have In travel to alli nd llir rniirls shmild he a sunirient reason whv llii.' hill shnnlil pass, parliciilarly, when llio in- li.iliil,.nls had priilinni'il for il, and liiiil .sent :i priilinii to ihe lri;islaliire, niiinrmnsly nnd rrspi'clahly sii;nril, hv the inhahilalils. A very sirniii; rrasnn wli\ the llii! sliniild pa.-s, was, llial nn the Ainrrieaii side nf the MadiiWiiska, till' .Anr.'riiaiis wrrr pnllini; np puhlir hiilldiiiijs, and .Vnirriiaii inslilulinns wrrr in lull nprr- alion ; while nn the lirilish side, arrnss llie Saint 'nhii river, the prnpir were alln^'rllier nr^leeled. Ill' hoped thr hill wniild pass, fnr the inliahilanls nf Miiilawaska had hren iir;.;h'itrd tno Inn;; alrrady, and wrrr drsrrviiir; nf thr siiuir privilr^^rs that Ilrr Ma- jrsly's siilijrcts eiijnvicl in ollirr parts of llie I'rovinre. " Ilnnnralilr Mr. IMinehin was in favrr nf the bill, and lhoiii.'ht the whnlriif Mad iwaska lirlnnp:ed In Ni'v Uruiiswick. Il was ririli'inplaled In ijiviilr the eniinly nf (,'arlrlnn al the rivrr di! Cliutr, wliiili wnnlil make llie old ennnly sninrlliing like oU miles in length. " On Ihe rivrr S.iinI .Inhii, many of the inliabitnnts ha, I In Irnrl in rr 100 liiilrs to the shire town in Wnnilslnik, In iiilLiiil llie eiHirts as jurunrii, and on nllirr business. " If the inhahilants were nnl sninnmnrd ns jurymen in the nppi'r pari uf ihr enuiily. il wniild he lining' ihein an injiMirr, and if lliry did allenil, their e\pense.< wouhl he ennrmniis ; and it was inipnssilile that iMaila- Wiiska cnuhl prnsper when the piildie lniildin;;s were al so ^real a dislance. Mr llmui^lit the enmity of Carlrinn had a lu'llrr riaim than any other enunly that had lirrn div. d for manv years ; Ihr new iniinly would llirii be n. ,irly 200 inilrs huii;. Me claiiiirii live above Ihr M.nlawaska river as hrlnnitinu; In New lirunswiik, and he ennsidrred, Canada had no right to an inch of land in Mailawaska. " lie hnprd the bill would pass, and then the inhahilanis nf the upper put nf ihe ronnly Wiiuld know that Ihe legislature inlnideil lo look after their in- terests. "Honorable Mr. Rnlsfnrd said when the bill first eamo I. ""ore the In sustained at a!! a^jainst every tine piir.iiple of Irulislatinn, and wniilrl he cslahlisliing a new tonnly in a territory uf which loiisr, nr did mil think it would bo iinil if Ihry passed it they did so linst every tine pii LGG] 100 iriilts wns in dispute willi Cniiaila. H" diil fi'cl fulled iipDii 1(1 iippiiso sin li n mi'iiMirc, uiilil tlm liiu's v.crc prnpi'rlv csliildislifd bi'twiH'ii llie Iwci Provinces. 'I'lu'ii- Icnisliiliiis; iin llie suliji'il wmild iii'l, l)V iniv means, slreiii;llioii llicir riainis. Ili>r Majesty's j^iivern- inent wnnld sellU" llio Ixnindary, ami llial very sunn ; started with it ! ! ! Tlint was precisely llie rnso ia (|iiestiiin : .Innulhan had taken llic liest part iif llie ler- ritiiry that was in dis|)utc, aiul Canada cutnes aliing, and ^ays, " If yini do not lonk onl for your iij;lils, I " will lake the leinainder." He for one, did not feel lisposed to nive way to Canaila in this case, for lio mill when that was done, if there was a sullirieiit ! considered the whole of the Mudawaska lielongcd to niiiTiher of inliahil.iiils, and proper material to allend |, New Kiuiiswick, anil l///irii/ Arte/ no oMcrc/flinm, fAfi/ linti pnswKaion for iibinit sisly yrurs, u'liklt icaH to the duties of a county, he would he wiMini; to divide il, at present he did not think that wiis the case. .Xniilhcr thini;, il was impossihte to tell where ihe .shire town -hoiilil be iinil did not think il I'air to lenishile and e.l.ihlish a new idiinly in a territory that was in dispute with the sister colony, lo add two ri pre- ventatives to a part of the Cini.lry that had not near as inaiiv iiih;diil;inls as some oilier counties that sent only two re|irL.seiil.iliVes, " If it was nei-cssarv that more niayislrales should lie appoinicd to allend to the parochial iliilies of I' Hi;l« poinl.1 o/llielitw. The lirst that should h ; dono in any country towards civilization, was to ;viic them municipal insliUilions, and hrinj; the laws as near their homes as po.ssihh'. He Imped the hill wouhl pass, as he thought it would he doinj; ihu inhabitants an injus- tice to dilay it another day. " Ilonorahle (.'olonel Sliore said, there could he no iliconvenieiire as lo alli'ndiiijf courls, h>r the Acadians Were never suniinoiied lo alleiul, and they pay no ci>iint\, no ch.uht ihe executive won proper iiiforiiialiou was given. II great degree of caution was necessaiy ill dividln:; counties, as it always increased the expel scs of the governii.enl. .\t ihe present time he wmilii opposi the hill ill every slaue, as it was inipovsihle lo toll where the shire town shniihl he, and did not ihink the jireseni stale of the coiinlv called for it, .mil iiisic ad ol Its being a gie.it Ihion to ihe iiilinliilanls, il would he a :• taxe.'!. They were one e taxed il 50, but an order was ap|ioiiit ll.i'in if : issued by ihe council to have it returned, which was thought that a {| done. He ihoiight it premature to legislate at all uii the subject, until ihe lines were settled with Canada. " .As lo Madawaska being deprived of .^clinols, that WHS not the case, for they were entitled to thirteen sehools at present, but he had never heard that ihcro were ever more than three established at one time. .\s to there being a petition bclnie the legislature great mjurv, as they would hi' calh-d upon lo pay liea\y i' numerously and lespeclahly signed, he believed nine- taxes to assist in ererling piiblii' hiiililinns, whirh he j leiilhs of the names Were signed by three magistrates believed from the iiif irmation he bad received of l.ile, that tliev were not aide to pay. Anollier lliie^, lliere was iml as he could leaiii sufTicient material to do the duties nf a C'Uinlv ; when the lines wi'ie sellled he would be willing to support such a bill if found liei es- sarv. Me could have no interest in opposinc; the bill, aiiv further than doing justice, and legislating properly, neither did he mean lo say that Canada bad a right to the territory she claimed. lie believed olberwisr, but that it was in dispute and that it would not be practic- able or proper to divide ilii- county nnlil Her Maji »ly's governmeiit settled the Province lines. At the present time lhi>re were but very few IVeehcdilers in that part which was lo form the new county, am! coiisri]ui'nily would ni'l he able to pay the taxes ,liat would be necessary to put u[i the public buildings. " Honor.ible Captain Owen said, an anrunient IkuI been leged against the hill, because there were no freeholiiers in the new ciuiiily ; be would support the bill if there was only one freeholder, jiM enough lo re- turn a memlu'r. It wa-; now due to the iuhabiiaiits, that the division shiiuld take place in e\ery point of view : '.heir luagnitiiile, their number, and the i^reai distance to the shire town lo attend to ]iiihlic business. "If the inhabitants of Mailawaska were not siim- moned lo altend the roiirts, it was beciiuse the distance was so gi"at that it was found almost impussihle lo do so. As lo the lines not being settled between Ihe two Provinces, he did not think thai should have any lliinir to do with it, and ihonght they should proceed just in llie same wav as if Cau.ida lunl never set up a v'-.uw at all ; and there was no oflii ial inlormalion before tlieni to show that Canada bad u.ade any claims to ihe Maila- waska, and if she had, be llioin^hi thev were unjust. The arguments made iisi; of bv the llonoralde Mr. Hoisfiird, pill him in mind of a Devonshire man, who bad his bat siolen from him; a man came along and loiiiid him making a dreadful noise, and asked liim " What was the mailer ?" " Why," says he, " that " man, a-heail there, has .stolen my bat !" " Well," who wanted to have the county divided in order that they might he promoted. He had seen a gentleman from ihe upper part of the county, who had told him to beware of the pelilioii, as not one (|uarter of the per- sons whose names were allixcd, knew any thing about it. " If there was any necessity for the Hill at present, and ihat il would he of advanlage to ihe inhabilatiti lo pass it, he v.oiild not object to it, but instead of its be- ing an advantage il would be a great injiirv, for they would be called iijion to pay heavy taxes, to erect pub- lic buildings, ,vhii h they were not able '■) pay at present, and would rather suhmit to any little inconvenience, than be burlliened with a heavy lax. He was as anxious as any |ierson lo do pveiylhiiig that might ad- vance the interesis of the inhabitants of the Upper Saint .lolin, and when the Canada lines were propi;rly setllid, if it was found necessary, ho would be willing to give ihom a new county, and not till then." No. 42. Extracts from the Dcttaif.s in the liritiiih House of ('nmmoiis,nn Ihe Quebec Act of 1771, as reported It;/ Ihe Riqht Ilonorahle Sir Henry Cavendish, liaronet. (London, 1839.) " House of Commons, "Thursilay, May 2G, 1771. Page lG.— {Mr. 7)i()imn,i>-.)— " The first object of the bill is to make out lhat lo he Canada, which it was the struggle of this country to say was not Canada. Now, sir, if this Province should ever be given hack to its old maslers— and I am not without an inclination to think, that the best way would lie to give it back to says the man, " why ilont you run after him, and catch its (dd mastcr.s — if it should ever become right to give "biin, and take it from him ?" " Oh, I can't," says , back Canada, willi what consistency can a future he, " for I'm tired ! !" " Well," siiys the man, "if ncgnciator say to France, we will give you back " you caii'l run, I 'II take your wig ! " and oil" lie "• Canada, not that Canl ixlensivc claim I ever beard of, went to what is called the endless mounliiins, just in a nook of the Province of Virginia. I know of none that ever pretended to exceed ibal, nor ever beard ihiit some new setllements which were ap- plied for, between ibcse moiiiilailis and the Ohio, have ever been looki'd upon as an invasion of the rights of those who have claims upon Ibe Province of Virginia. r„ge i20. — " Look back. Sir, lo every i)ago of history, and I defy you to produce a single instance, in whidi a conipieror went to lake away fiom aconipier- cd province, by one rough stroke, tin; whole of their constiiulion, the whole of ibuir laws under which they lived, and to impose a new idea of rn/bt and wrong, of which they ; tlio lioiiiidary line liolweon QiicliiT and \t\v Yoik nnil I'eiinsylvaniii, iic, lii'loiii;iim to lliu Crown. This is inadu to pre- vonl tilt' I'roviiK'c of Qiu'lu'c from cnLToacliinj: on llio limits of any of llu'se prams wliero no lioiindary lias licon st'llleil. I find many giiuh-nien aro disirous of liiivinj^ sotiutliini; still inori" [irrcisc, if |iossild('. To this I have no olijcrtion ; luit we iirn so iniicli in lliii dark as to tliu situation of this coiiiUry, lliat il is not possihio In do any thins; inoro safe, than .savins; Ihr rinlils of llic oilier roliinics, having llicln to he sellli'd on the spill hv commissioners." No. \^. E.rlract from a Lclirr dated the i\iit June, \1S't, from (Scoriae Spriiule, Ksijiiire, Surrei/or (Irnirat of \eir Bnnt!iiiii(l,\ la Sniinul llolliiiid, r'ni/iiiir, Siirre;i(>r (ioicral of the I'niriiiir of (^luliir, on thr .iiihjcct of the btiundary line lulivcen tliu.ie I'rouiiwes. " CiTV OK S.\iNT John's, " 21st June, 1785. " Govnrnor Cnrlrlon, I believe, purpnscfi writing on this suhji'ct, to Lieutunant-Uovorimr Humiltoii, by llils opportunity. " .\ roinmunirnlioii over-lnnd, from liero to Cnnnda is i>arni'slly wished for, liut I fenr little can bu done in that busines.s hy this Province lor some time to come ; your idea of forwardiiii; it, by .seltling the Miidnwnska, we innrli approve of, and ns niiiny scltlers ns cliuso that sitinitiiiii will reruivo every encouragement, and have lands assigned them on application here. Thin hiisini'.sK, I find has been tor some time in contempln- tion, soine licnues of oreu|iatiun beiiiij already ginnlcd hv tiovernur Carlcton." No. 41. E.rtraet from the Oris^inal Grant of the Seigniory of Luke Mdldjiediuch. " Concession du 20me Mai, 1691, failo par Jean Hochart, liitenilani, au Sieur Nicholas Joseph Dnmour, du r^ac appele Miitiipediach, avcc uiiu licuo do tcrro tout uutour d'icclui." IKgistre d'Tntendnnce, No. i, folio 17, No. 45. " My Dear Sin, " I had the pleasure of receiving yestorday your letter of iho 2.3rd May, which is the only one of yours that has come lo hand since Deceiiiher his!, at which time I receivcil one in London hy an olficer from (iuehec. " The meeting you propose on llie business of asrcr- tainin'.; the line hctwei'n llie provinces would afl'ord me the utmost pleasure, but the necessity of such a measure does not appear to us .so very cssclial at present, nor would the hurry of business in my ollice ull'ord me leisure to do it, wilhoul too great an obstruc- tion to the more material business of settling the refugees in this pari of the Province. | " By your letter you seem to think that the Tamasfpiala lake and the discharge therefrom (or the Mailawaska river) fall into your Province ; surely some great mistake or misinformation must occasion this idea. " New Brunswick is bounded on the northward by the bounds or line settled by Act of Parliament be- tween \ova Scotia and Canada, which Act expressly j mentions the line between those Provinces is to run on the hcigiit of land separating the rivers that fall into ! the Saint Lawrence from those that fall into the Sea ; | therefore the Tamasquata waters discharging them- selves by the Madawaska into the Saint John and by that river into the Sea, n^nders the business so clear that your error can only originate from a want of knowledge of our limits, or not having lately perused the Act describing the bounds of your Province. List and Description of the Maps appended to the Report on the Roiindary Line between Canada and A'eui Brunswick. lrt-GE.\ERAL MAP, A. This Map embraces the whole of the country from the C lib to the 72ml degree of west longitude, and bc- iwccn the 45th and lOJlh degrees of north latitude, comprising within its limits the entire region travei.'ied by the original sonlberii boundary line of the Province of Quebec, from the gulf of Saint Lawrence to the Connecticut river. Upon this Map are delineated the most important features of llie country, together with the general divi- sions of the same, whether natural or artificial, as far as authorities could be found for doing so correctly ; and the whole is carefully adjusted according to the latest observations for latitude and longitude, approach- ing, as it is believed, to a degree of accuracy not be- fore attained in any compilation of the kind, relating to the same sections of the country. This Map is mostly taken from a larger compilation, comprising all the Hrilish North American pos.se.ssions, whicli is now in the course of <'ompletion by Joseph Boucliette, esquire, of the Surveyor General's Depart- ment in this Province, the parts embraced in the pre- sent Map A being improved by the introduction there- in of all the emendations contained in the other com- pii.'tions, made expressly fur illustrating and explain- ing i!}is report. [69] 3n4-MAl' B. This it a topogrnphicnl Map, compiled frntn vnrinun ofliciHl plans uf surveys anil exploralions, mnilo unilrr the respcclivo autli()ritiesi)l'tlipgovcrnm(|iiited territory. The latitudes and longitudes are adjustvd according to the ohsorvntions of Dr. Tiarks, tiio Hrilish astronomer, formerly employed in exploring part of '.liat territory. SM-MAP C. In many respects Map C is similar to the hoforr mentioned Map li, being an entirely new compilation drawn on the samo scalo as the latter, and like that, adopted to tiie latitudes and longitudes given by Dr, Tiarks. Tlie principal ohjcct fr,: which this Map is required is for .showing clearly and distinctly, in conjunction with other, writlen authorities, the true and relative positions of meridian lines proceeding northward, from the western and northern sources, respectively, of the river Saintu Croix, and also liic actual direction of the exploratory north line from tiio latter .source, as traced in 1817 and 1S18, and since confirmed by the treaty of Washiii!rton, as the separating line between Her Bri- tannic Majesty's possessions and the adjoining part of the American State of Maine. 'ltb-MAI> D. This is simply a tranw'ript of a Map received from Now Brunswick, rertifiud by the signature of tho Surveyor General of that Province, and showing tho iiosilion, date and amount of all grants of land made by tho government of New Brunswick, lo bo west of tho exploratory north lino, traced from the northern souro! of tho river Saint Croix, and to the north of tho river Saint John. 6ih-MAl' E, Map E. is a copy of a sketch received from Ntiw Brunswick, cerlined by liic Surveyor Guncral of tliat Province, shewing tho origiual position of tiic reserve fur tile town uf Ualhouse. «lli-MAl' r. Tiiis Maj) is an extract from an olBcial plan of sundry surveys, mad.! under tho authority of \ow Brunswick. It contains tho delineation of certain lots of Innil granted by that Province, the descriptions of which grants are foimd in documents inserted in this Appeiidix Nos. 18 and 19. Those documents in con- junction with Map E, form very important cvidcnro ij lo oppose to thi statement, made on behalf of Now Brunswick, concerning the position of tlie head of t]uy Bay des Cbaleurs. Desbauats iHontvtal: & DERBisumE. Printer to the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty. 184-4. GEXERJl JUT, A . M 48 f Shewinij the SOUTHERN BOUNDARY of the 'Lii9^«llJ|jUaL H 0l^tim, ■-:'"' * iv/TH TM£l/W£D STATES BrmimfATr Of l^/^S///ASrO,\///v/SUs HZW BBU-HSWICK. REf£RENC£S. ^ &Wj7'£2) States. fart y Me If^u/tdarj.' ^ ^JJ^^ffji. a^(,>rt''^ ^o ^< fJli . »^ ^ I t,^^. J.J.S.7-^- /O- /Z /if Z2 Ji- /> *^ < \ f \M^'l IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^\^ f4'A^ ^ 1.0 1 1.1 11.25 2.0 us lAO U 11.6 ^/ 4V V W Fhotograpdiic .Sciences CorpQration 23 WIST M»\!N S^SBCT WfBSTER,N.Y. USitJ (716) •72-4S03 '^ 4^ ^ 4 M Of CIO f^/ OO/^ <^i>nc€tlf, tn \ U /dff/ \ 7 \ J ■X D TA/ Ltfif i'l^yy^Jn near .IftjMtM /'ffint ^.v Mt % ////. \ 1 c' / V \ ■ N h f:'- K^ / /P/^ r/' '/■ l^< % A^' i/V/^ i^ &'«''^^ ,R^ j^ '•''%,. ./■■ /a. i^ri ,-('Ci ■fA pHO' S4 \>«* ^0- I C*!^'^ liM -i ,**•*' Vi S r» .■tet J-'l \ •I* i'fj -A J? f' (r >' ^si^^^ m i^r / ^ \\ .>«~;k|i,. •%->' '^^ ■**SS-5 .J \ 1, / "■^■^* **.♦<■ ^>^' "••V ■^5?«''' < .r^r?j '^ '^«y'^ A J) .>^ c ^U-^ciAr,. ^r x^i^^y '■....A. t(^i me. 7'ht hviunrfi, 'f-.^- rr rifr. I ■J iv. A^ 6rra,7i.t\^ rf^accie ?y i CiJ^jjfj ^ a aii (fc^^m yn.4 •'» ? ■ -^ "'''', . .6y ■.e same lit Tcau / / ^.BJS^J'^U^T(0JK. yXt^A^fiMK .'/!) f4 y A/.B./^S& 'i\ y y i^. .ff' ,11' / / ,r;- ly / / ..>»'^" «/,'- 'r^^ « / "// X3»' >'' i^U^'t^A/ y •f" ^. 'i^^ / y ,M*fl^S / / A ' / / ^\ y / / I / \M.JlMt \ / / '<^ ^i t ''. 1 iy A i Ml \^ y \ W- / i/ / ]/ ''*#*(»-. 'yf / / y .5^ / 1 / "**, >. • -v ,?»4 'v? it-.. 'H*" / / ^/t* //^ .-i;^- r^y ■'y ^ i# a ""N / .^ ft (^ tf' /• W„jr*^«*r •%; ji«V^^ •^: /ifyr*-^': :i^-^*S«^ If/ .f. / / 1 .«*" ^^^ ^ V/. . ;JL- ' .. 3n"v.riji: , .:jiijii i« i iw i Mn i W TiriiWTrrnrwiW'T Ti ir^ r rrrtiV'n r ">''try-''^»""^^ .««»,-,#T'W»S«Mfc»SS«S«' / \ s y ^^ / > of i^ /^ / ,''^^'^'' ■f»^ ^: ( yorh w' PRvi z' if *% %^ -y .«**^%, V i*^*. P ^ k^r^tU-kVwm ,-mri^- V ? v/- » ■■» I?' •V5^.t {.r^*T!?^i ^■■'■''■■' 'J.V i^J**^. "X ,.f*' .««.* I'^n-* .%K **»**'^l*, I m- W w% -a^ .( V .•*' V' -i .i*--* ,^i/*^^ m^ # n, .,f*',; ^ •■.>'V "Sv .,*• m: ^- % *#? jjj^" MatB 'd j-ee I'azrcs A.^.tf. f'./*'. //./Z./3. Zo. 22. ZA- A 2J- > -¥f!« r*'>? :? ,j?.. \.A M V- "W'i H^ )/ L.*" -.-,{■ ^i^ ■«<-^ . X. /. •■'^.: > %■ X '*•• fho^e PROV <7r Jl]iproprtale(i zffAzch Jvr? ». '•-. 'l'1-\-med 3y ^et^ Sri tain. /,26J ffffO ZT n ^^k« Jdivar St Jt;k7i /./Mi^^/? 3^ Tif dhe Zifie /ormerltf Claimed ^j'^A^ C'hiisd Sltiiej 2.U;f &(^& "►^ c^^ VTWSRyr BOUNHiEY ^ ney/vmHe Western- Vrr^^ asjhrmeri ^ «; ^ ^ s/ soi/Jicjs e/r sriiijrf;^Ja//if^ intu tAi saui ^ivfJi as Jhrnterl ^/atmed y^r ^ Western Limit o/ihe^ncient cfNOVA SCOTIA . Jir Jie/eref See Pagies . MAP, C. TTT--^. ZoTtfitude Meet yr^nv 6 8° 6. ^ V V 55^ ^ 8 St k < O (fi M^F.D. \ i i 2-1 U 1^ M J° M f-H t Scale of Chain s =t: J^or. Jle/erenas <^ lii^ ^ap, see i^/^v ^>^ & //T i Note. SereniA Da. ^/ij ai-.-fj J^ic. J/i,-. Sfcv/zef Iracl < t fA/: ^ran^ ^(^ Mse/iA A/ax.twe/1 At^/Af^v made ^ £,M 2 C0f^ 'M/ ^(fm/nisstfififrj Z(m . ^ i I Kote . .' *',// cic.-fo Jfe. . J/<). /7St^\ /.^ntanuffy J26J <«.v. tcctA /CfiriW/L th/i>;r<^ '{rrgt/i. \ \ V \ ^«\ A S V va,\ i\ \ ^jw-.#»^ x«* MAr./'J. ■ 1 / ' h !i* ^/'ra^/r^ /i JiKffjo/t . -/rs/ff/arf - UJ0J. Jffaf S K ^ . W. /i^(' < Art'^' , U'i/A k'/pr (?/// rr//,'/f'ir^ty /JtiiU.I> r-Ui'vyp ff/ if9Jf ^a/2^^j- /YSfrr^a^ /or //io'/tt/ij-. I-",'.'' « «jr a_r- i iffjt /fMMf' J^H^ /-Jia^ f ,1'ca/^ 7i\-/n^r ("Aains ia an /ncA. 54^ ^ ^ \ ^> /^(fpo^ <}/ a /1l^ *»- «•«-€ *-* I MAP. F. c or T of I'ART of an orFiej^L MAP, vrAtreon art ^Min^etfed ceri^ttin ZOTS t^ LjISVD %ti»Xttuat% Tht f.olt yrm M S ft ^r^ // uttttmn. /ndfut fitk »^rt dftfiltd in » frmml. mad) U ^drnm fftrmrd i'aUktn ■in Junt lilt. T/u l,cli. JHu. /Si 16 . iHclud4d tit iMmt f/rjeri/DCttn / c^/trtd red) i»Atr-4 frxnttd it Skmutl Jitt^it^f in y».nu*ry, WZ . / Yldt Jfjiindix ,^Nf. H ) TitUtlltd /»w a.b. »ddtdii Mi^ Mf> s/um, tike jtUc* -/ Ai/ ftne ^ ^ittd h rur^ ' mitut .Yertk ' yr^m. t\« Ae^ J'^f X*/rren^tj A Mw ^m^ ^te /*'/" ifiJi^/. SCALE or CHAINS . ti-f g-r c-f ti-f t-j