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Tmmmmm II mill II 1 1 1 1 1 II Ml 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II II M II 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 it ti — 'i-B I rni;i.i.iiiii;l:liu 1 1 1 1 1 1 u i iiiii.riiiiiiiiriiiiliiiiililiiiiiiiliiiiifiiiiiiiMriiiil S' HAMILTON Waterloo Guelph Berlin ^^ AND ENVIRONS m:::?msmMim^m;'m':m^m::MM.M::M^ r S^3 — > . Its Prominsnt Pl3C6s snd PsoplB ••§^""""" iiiiiiiiiiinuiiin iimi,,,,,,!^! Representative Merchants and Manufacturers l| Its Impi^oVeniBnl!^, ppogre^^ | Eqtei'pfi^e || m TOROITTO, ONT. JVI. G. BIXBY & CO., PUBLISHERS laae- mil I HI 11 11 iiiii I in 1 1 1 iiiMiiii ! iri i rriiiiriiitiiimhnMMuii ii i iiii / ^ l| s^c. ;ms ■:^C m; ::>:< :>^^>:K ;^i M msK ,:♦!!♦;: ^; mk l:lilillliiilililil:ll:lilil;li|{li|i|illi|il I III 1 1 1 HI 1 11 liilil |ilil lililililillllllllliiilll |I^'"^'"^'| \1 I' I I I I I III I III I II I III I I I I I I I Ml I I I I I I I I I M I I I I M I I I I I I II III I I I I I III I I I I II I III I I I II III I I I III I I I I I I I I III I I I I I I I I I I I III III HI I I I I I III HI I I M'HIiM I *i' ■.'. •:• . •:♦ ,.v .;. •:• »:• •:•■•;• •!•' •:•, •> •:• •:• •> •>' ♦ i* •> '•• •> •> •:• •:• •:• •:• •:• •:• •:• •:• •.• v •:• iffiilii i 1 1 1 i I ijiliiiil in 1 1 1 1:1 III 1 1 11 1 1 11 1 III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 nil 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 III II I M 1 1 1 1 1 1 II I III 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 III II 1 1 III irni 1 1 1 HI inn iiiiiiiii.iiiiiiiiimi'ii i i llllll|i|lllllllll|l|!|i|lhlllJ^. ,.♦■.,.-♦; ♦ ♦> ♦ •> ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ <•:• '•;• \«. ♦ ♦ ♦ '♦ ♦ •> ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ •:• '--^^^'aV?' ■'>*:' ■'> llllllllirillllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllKlilll llllllllilllllllM I IIIIIIHMIIIIllil Ill Hill ll» 4lfllllll HililllflilllHtllltlllHilHHHl f HI fldl^l'l flH.. I M RUSSKT.L'S NOVELTV WORKS IMPKOVRI) ADJUSTABLH IIOC R1.\(;HR M.lXLFJCrrh'KJ) />')' WM. KITSSKT.I., ( rl ll^Tvin-I, CANADA CLOSES THE THREE SIZES OE RJXGS THE CLOSING (>/' 7 HE JAWS IS REGULAIED BY THE THUMh-SCREUhV HANDLE HAND TRIMMKRS NO. I. MORRILL'S I'ATl'.Nr SAW Sl| MRS. POTTS' PATENT SAD IRONS INDISPENSAI3LK IN KVEKV HOUSEHOLD Warranted the Best in the Market Also Karii Door Hangers, 4 and 5 in., Parlo Door Hangers, Steel and Iron Skates, Kollerr Skates, Sewing Macliines, Hudson. Reading and otlier .\pple Parers, Counter N'ard Measures, etc. WM. RUSSELL Proprietor A really indispensable article for the garden or orchard. They have given thorough satisfaction wherever used. We also manufacture a tree pruner in the following sizes : 6, 8 and 10 feet. The Morrill Saw Set is the only really first-class set in the market, and is superseding all others. One trial will convince all users of this. Made in two s'zes : No. i for small saws and No. 3 for cross-cut saws. CITY OF Gl'KLPH NDl.E NT SAW SI Philadi-lphia Lawn Mowi-r 10 inch ■ i-j incli • 14 inc h - ,6 inch vA TO FARIVIKRS riiK i,Ari:sr and most rsKiri, invi.niion OK nil'. UAV IS IIIK Common Sense Sickle Grinder Skk I'di.i.ou ing PmzK List : 1883— Provincial Kxhil]ition, Ciuelpli, First PrI/t. iS84--Provincial Exiiihition, Ottawa, Silver ^le^lal. 1884— Industrial Exliil>ition, 1 oronto, First J'rize. 1884— Oreat Western Fair, London, First Prize. 1884— Central F.xhibition, Guelph, First Prize. EVBRY MOWER WARRANIFD. For prices and directions apply to Wm. Risski.i., Works, (luelph, Ont., Canada. Xoveltv A waided Uiplotna at C'anaiia's (Jre.it Fair in Toronto, Western I'air, Lon re Kloiir Mills, S. Neelon 143 Kil.- .imons, the jeweller 131 Fowler, J. H., jeweller 13^ (ioodman, II. C., druggist . 133 I'.MIK Hanipsliire, C. C, piano ami organ tuner, etc. .. 143 Harris, J. C, cigar manufacturer 141 Hill, K. r., teas, groceries, etc 141 Hill, 'I'. S., photograiiher 140 International Hotel, J. .Allison 135 jukes, Arthur, & Co., iliuggi^ts 141 Keating, M. ^'., bookseller and sta- tioner 132 I.awrie, John, & Son., flour, feed, etc 130 l.eubsdorf & Co., millinery and fancy ao )ds 134 McKdward. Alexander, hardware.. .. 142 Mclntyre ^i Son, undertakers 131 .McLaren \ Co., dry goods and millinery 13^1 Marshall. John, hats, furs, etc 142 M inro. [. R., China, crockery, etc .. i ;^ Oik II, ill, N. .M. r.lack. clothier liq Oille I'oundry and .Machine Shops... 136 I'oole, IC, photographer 130 I'urves .\dam, dry ;.;oods and millinery 138 I'AOK Read, Angelo .M., professor of music. 138 keid, J., merchant tailor 138 Roland iS: Nicholson, grocers 143 St. Cat arines Art I'urnitiire Works, DadgleyA Millar 130 St. Catharines (iranite and Marble Works, J. Street 141 S-curity I.oan^t Savings Company... 130 Southcott, J., merchant tailor 135 Stanley, R., dry goods and millinery. 132 Star Music Store, \V. H. Ixkharilt .. 129 .Struthers, R , house furnishings, etc. 128 Stuart, Charle.5 IC, coal merchant, cti; 131 Tait, James I)., dry gooiU 127 I'owers, (!. I'>., bitting manufacturer. 133 Powers, William I!., barrister 140 Viger, 1'.., & Co., clothiers 137 Welland Canal Roller Mills, J. Norris 139 Welland House. James N'otris 13(1 Welland Vale .M.iiuifacturing Co 137 Woodburn " Sarven Wheel Co." 137 TOWN OF BERLIN I' \(;k Ahrens, C. A. I'i Sons, slipper f.actory 119 American House, H. Hramm 124 lireithaupt it Co., l.ouis, tanners 116 Krickcr, A., carriasze maker itS Hrown, W'riglit iVCo. , slippers, shoes. 121 I'ury, Joseph, fancy groceries 118 Cornell, I'.. P., dentist 121 Fennell, John, hardw.ire 120 Fuchs, AuEust, jeweller n8 (iardiner, V. ()., Dominion pianos and organs 1 n Oood, P. H. groceries 122 Gorman. J. H. & Co., family grocers. 117 Grel)enstei''., M., tailor and clothier,.. 122 Harrison lieorge, nierch.int tailor Hertle, .\ugust, (ilaning mill Hulier, J. T., groceries Iluber, J. T. it Co., patent com- pressed insoles, etc Hyinmen Hros. & Chambgrlain, hard- ware, etc Jalfray, W. i'^-. Son., ticket agents Kaufman, J., planing mill Knell, Henry, jeweller Mackie, J. A., importer dry goods, groceries, etc Michner, ,\., general store Neville, J. K., chemist a<;k 118 IIQ 120 119 '23 124 122 124 118 120 lAlilC North American Hotel, Dopp & Mc- liarry 121 I'eipiegnat Hros., jewellers 116 Reinhardt, F. V'., brewer 123 Schmidt, W. L., general merchan'ise 117 Schnenker, ('., photographer 116 Snyder, F. K., boots and shoes 121 .Strieker i<: Doelle, merchant tailors .. 122 Stuebing, Henry, gioceries, etc 123 Stnebing S: Smith, wholesale fancy goods 123 Vanderhart, .A., merchant tailor 119 Ziegler, 15. H., carriage maker 120 'It; M! I 'v 'II l»t I 'I' VILLAGE OF AYR I'AGIC I PAGE B.aker, William 1^3 ! McGeorge, Charles..., 143 Hilborn House. 1.^3 Morton, R. T 143 INDEX CARD rack: J. & C. J. BRENNAN, Wholesale and Retail Grocers, Wink and Spirit Merchants No. 5 Market Square. See Page 59 The Hamilton Cottopn' Co., Hamilton, Ontario Manufacturers of COTTONADES, DENIMS, BEAM WARP, HOSIERY YARNS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS, TWINES, LAMP WICK AND WEBHINti. Agents, F. McElroy & Co., - Montreal and Toronto See Page 48 W. Q. DUNN & Co., Importers and Manufacturers of Coffee, Spices, Baking Poivder, Mustard, etc., etc. j M.MN Street West, ■' j See page 66. HAMILTON 1^~ SEAL ENGRAVING I.C.FELL 9i CO. 27 ADELAIDE ST.E.TORONTO . Barbour, Jo! taker Bond, Fred. Bond and K Campbell, ; tractor Elliott Soap Emslie, A. f Gait House, Godbold, S., Grantham a 138 142 13° 141 I30 ■35 I 32 129 128 131 127 133 140 137 139 136 137 •37 121 116 123 117 116 121 122 123 123 119 120 I'AGE •• 143 ■• 143 Co., 1 N D Ji X CrrV OF HAMILTON Ai res, William, liniler ami furrier.... Aitohison Si Co., retail liimlier dealers Allardice, R \. \ ( o., liiriiilure inlV.. American Ilolel, K. \V. liearmaii Aslibijuriie Roller Mills Altwooil, M. W. iV .Soil, watchmakers, etc _ Battrani, Witliam, fruits and confec- tionery lieckttt Kiiniiie (nrnpany. Hlaascs Hotel, Cari Blaase Hlaulirord, ( '. !>., undertaker.. Hovvman it Moore, ^;eneral hardware lirennan, J. & C J., groceries lireiinen, .\I. i*\; Sons, luinher Hricrley, Richard, druggist Hurlirigton ( ilass I'o liurn i<; Rohinsun Manufacturing Co. t'ampljell ^i Pentecost, dry goods Cainphell, R., manufacturer of stove fire hrick Canada Husiness College Canada Elevator Works Canada Life Assurance Comp:\ny C.iuada Pipe Koun. D.,fenther bed renovator 44 Mills, Joseph it .Son, hatter- and furriers.... 51 .Moria Iron Works 75 .Moore ,•<: D.ivis, land agents 70 Moore, S. J., tinners' ami canners' tools 65 Morgan, Charles E., general ticket .igent .. ^ 51 Morrison, G. C, steam engines and boilers rii f)ntario Cotton Mills Company 77 Ontario Rolling Mill Company 75 Ontario Steam Biscuit and Confec- tionery Works 73 Osborne, James i\: Son, family grocers 65 Patterson lln s., \)uilders, etc 57 IVcover, J., fine furniture 41 I'enniimton it B.aktr, schcol and olTice furniture.... 66 Pbilp. James it Son, harness makers.. 45 Photoglyptic Company, The fa Revere House, John .Staunton 49 Ronaii, John, grocer and cig.'ir mfr.... 71 Ronan, Patrick, flour and feed '16 .S.unlford, W. I'.., wholesale clothiers 61 Scharlach i^ Co., cigar box mfrs 71 Scliwar?, f.ouis, tobacconist.. 52 Searls it Dunn, wcod turners, etc 55 Slater, James, merchant tailor 48 Smith, t>onald, luercb.ant tailor 53 Somerville, J., window curtain and scene iiainter . 58 .Sonntag. 11. O., tobacconist 52 S|ience, R. i<; Co., hand-cut cast steel files and rasps 46 Steiensrn, George, steam and hot water heating enuineer Stewart, Jauiis I'v; Co., stoves, etc Stewart, William, architect Stralhroy Knitling Company .Stuart, John, Son & Co., groceries.... I'hnmson, Robert, lumber, lath and shingles Thomson & Wright, lumber Thorne, S. & Co., dry goods, etc I'reb'e, S. (",., hats and gents' fur- nishings Victoria Mutual Fire Insurance Co.... Vincent, A. i*; Co., chemists... Walktr, James, soap and cand'e mfr. Watt, John & Son, merchant tailors.. Winer, J. & Co, wholesale druggists Winslow i^ Webber, carriage hardware Wood, Waller F., boots and shoes Woods, Walter i<; Co., broom mfrs... Zingsheim, Jacob, furniture mfr TOWN OF DUNDAS p.-\(;i-; PAc;r; I'.aoe Canada Tool Works 81 [Kerwin, John, groceries, etc 82 Smith, J. Findlay, general hardwerf; 83 Dundas Worsted Mills 8?;I.awson, William, carriage builder.... 83,Spittal, L. P., hoots and shoes 83 Greeninc, Timothy and Sons, wire ' .Maw and McFarlane, iron founders, j cloth mfs , etc 83! etc S2I PACK Barbour, John, furniture and under- taker 88 Bond, Fred. C, druggist 90 Bond and Keachie, livery stable, etc. 91 Campbell, A. J., builder and con- tractor 8» Elliott Soap Works f8 Emslie, A. C... books and stationery. . 8,i Gait House, W. T. Colwell - . 86 Godbold, S., family grocer ... 89 Grantham and Co., stoves and tin- ware 84 Great Western Hotel, Wm Bern- hart • ■.. 92 Hay, Peter, machine knives manul r. 84 Howell, H. S., insurance 84 TOWN OF GALT PAGE Kay, John, watchmaker and jeweller, go Kersell. James, flour, feed and grain. 86 l.utz, W. H., druggist 92 Mc.Auslan's Planing Mill 94 McMillan, Richard, tobacconist, etc. 85 McTague, James, hardware, stoves, etc 89 Maico m, I., coal and wood qa Mara and Co., dry goods 88 Martin, J. P., gents' furnishings.. .. 89 Newlands, A. M. and Co., plush manufacturers 85 Radigan, E., painter and paper- hanger 89 Ross. Charles, boots and shoes 94 Royal and Percy F"ile Works 85' Saunders, David, saddlery and har- ness 85 Scotch House, J. Melrcss go Scott and Martindale, marble, etc. ... 88 ScoU's Planing Mill 92 Shurly and Dietrich, saws, plaster- ing trowels, etc 84 Sloan, John, family grocer.. 90 Taylor, J. W., ticket and insurance agent 92 Todd's Milling Co.... 93 Turnbull, Charles, lamb's wool under- clothing 86 Victoria Wheel Co 87 Warnock, James and Co., hardware and coal 88 fl 74 60 64 64 74 0^ 73 57 M 54 s 5' t^) 64 J," 63 :j- 72 45 78 V^ 58 t' 47 -r^, 58 ^J 42 i^ ^ 71. 35-: (.H.'AN 1) TI.TNK RAILWAY Grand Trunk Railway The Gri-:at lNTF':RNy\TioNAL Mic.HWAY between every City in Ontario and Quebec, and aU principal points across the American Continent. This mvat Tourist Line reaches all the famous Summer Resorts Old Orchard Beach Portland Ouebec White Mountains Rapids of the River St. Lawrence Thousand Islands Niagara Falls Lakes George and Champlain ALSO THE FOLLOWING BUSINESS CENTRES : Montreal Peterborough London St. Catharines Hamilton Chatham Brockville Ottawa Sarnia Kingston Toronto Detroit Buffalo Chicago, Etc. Pullman Palace Sleeping and Parlor Cars are attached to all Express Trains run through on quick time. An extensive variety of Tourist tickets on hand at all the principal offices, comprising the most popular and interesting routes on the continent. Through tickets at Lowest Fares on sale at all Stations and Agencies. IVm. Edgar, I^J- Se urge ant, J. Hickson, General Pass. Agent Traffic Manager General Manager HEAD OFFICES, MONTREAL : ' TIIli noMINlON OI^' CANADA. the . IMitrsiKIAI.. \M>. liK->< KII'IU K , . KKVIKU.OI . I UK . .COMMKKCIAI . AND.NA I UK A I.. HESOURCKS . or . rilK. . liUMIMdN. .UIIIl.AN.KI'l roMI.. .OK. I UK. RKI'KKSKN lAIIVK. .MA.NTKACrUKKS . A\l> . IKAIi .<'K. rilK. I.KAIMNC < I I'IKs. Pari of the Lou'vr IlampnrtK. A f'ivir at Quvhcr, by Iler lioi/ul Highness the Princess Louise. By the Most Hon. the Makquis of Lorne, K.G., etc., etc., etc. As the Silurian and Lauientian iocl<-be(ls stretch under the seas from the motiier land to Canada, so <\r. the firm bunds of mutual interest and brotherly aiTection cause the two peoples to stand together on the ground of a comm.)n Imperial origin, a common present purpose, with equal hopes of a profitable and inseparable future alliance. 10 DOMINION OF CANADA Around a headland to the south lies the Bale des Chaleurs, so called because it was in the hot July of 157}. that Jacques Cartier cast his anchor in the Basin of Gaspe. In the following year he ascended to- Quebec and Montreal. Nearly eighty years afterwards the same track was followed by Chair.plain, while other adventurers, notably De M r *" ' The infant colony did not get through its early years without trouble. The New Englanders were the bitter foes uf the P'rench, who at first had the best of it in many a tussle. The Indians usuully sided with the Catholics against the Puritans, and their aid was very material asiistance. In the Maritime Provinces the Acadians could make no successful head, but Louisburg remained a tower of strength, and a rallying point for the P'rench, until the year before the fall of Quebec. Numbers were, however, on the side of the English. In 1689 the Iroquois Indians provecVthat I'.iey could hate all white men impartially by perpetrating a terrible massacre at Montreal. It is related that the savages crossed the river during a great thunderstorm at night, and put to death man, woman and child. More happy in 1690, the French of Quebec managed to defeat Admiral Phipps, who, in his retreat, was overtaken by a tempest, and only regained Boston with half of his armament. Winthrop, also advancing upon Montreal, was compelled to give way, and, by the Treaty of Ryswick, France became mistress of Hudson Bay in addition to her former possessions. History repeated itself in the expedition of Admiral Walker, whose vessels were lost on Egg Island, a spot visible on clear days from the steamer. Even now balls and cannon of these shiijs- are sometimes recovered from the grim, boulder-strewn northern channel of the river. There was war again in 1743, a war which was to be continued with brief intervals until the little army of Wolfe carried Louisburg by assault, and then secured Quebec by the memorable battle causing its. urren('.er in 1759. I DOMINION OF CANADA 11 le hot July cemled to ain, while kunswick. )ert, took, for births, emulating lers were illy sided: Maritime igth, and :r, on the 1 partially during a e French and only- pelled to n to her were lost 2se shijjs- jere was army of using its. The entrance to the Saugenay is visible froai a great distance, and an excursion up its deep gorg-i, hemmed in by the rounded mountains, is well worth the two or three days which should be given to it, nor should the tourist be satisfied until he has penetrated as far as the (Irand-Dccharge, where Lake St. John pours forth to fill a channel far deeper than the St. Lawrence, into which it leads. At the mouth ol the Saugenay the first Canadian church was built, and a military post estalilLshed. And now, in our ascent of the river, we see the mountains plainly on the northern side, and the stream is only a few miles wide. Presently it narrows, where a long, low, green island fills its centre. This was called the " Isle of Bacchus " by the first explorers, because it was full of wild vines. When this has been passed, a fine view opens of Quebec on its headland, parting the valleys of St. Lawrence and St. Villi- froiii the Citadel, Quebec, oirrlooh-inn the SI. Linrrettre Charles. The massed buildings of the city crowd the sleep slope, which descends abruptly into the water, that bears a scattered freight of ship- ping. On the southern bank there is a considerable town, called after Montcalm's lieutenant, the Marquis de Levis. Here the steamers disembark emigrants and the passengers desirous to proceed by rail to Montreal. But it would be a sin not to see (Quebec at closer quarters. The points of greatest interest are the following : The Dufferin and Durham Terraces give a walk with a view which is one of the "great -iews of the world." Athens, Prague, Edinburgh, Salzburg, Venice and Quebec have, perhaps, the most beautiful sites ; and travellers will agree that the last is not the least in possessing the a'.ributes of grandeur. From this terrace a circuit should be made along the "Old Town Lines "—ancient embrazured defences, still showing the cannon o( a past age pointed to the approaches by which assaults w:re made in the last century. If such a promenade l)e taken, the tourist will pass the wing of the old Chateau de St. Louis, where dwelt the French governors and commander.s, and passing the Post Office, should note a curious stone inlaid in the new wall— a stone which catne from an old building, and whose story forms ilie motive of a charming novel, written by W. Kirby in Fnglish, called the " Chien d'Or," a book which should be bought and read at (,)uebec. J? 12 DOMINION OF CANADA The Archbishop's jialace is a goodly ]iile o( stone, wherein lives the prelate, who most worthily represents a Church which governs the conscience of as hardy, inire, and happy a population as exists anywhere in the fold of the Catholic communion. The palace, a great seminary, and a university — that ounded by Bishop Laval, and named after him — all stand together, enclosing a pleasant garden above the rampart walls. A good museum, rich in Indian pipes and other remains of the red man, a library, and excellent lecture rooms, till tl)is fine university building. I*' r Ik U t I 1" ' I Neariy a half ()( the circumfer- ence of llie citailc has now been tra- versed in our walk, ana iVom the fort- ress we obtain the very best all -roun view. Looking up the river, just in front of us is the grass- covered plateau on wliicli was fought the famous battle. Be- yond is a curve in tiie ri-.-er, and it was in that b.iy that the red- coals landed, to swarm up the wooded clifif before the grey dawn came on the famous morning in September, 1759. A very ugly prison building stands near tile -1 I'icii- from tlic Citdilcl, Qiulici\ loohiiifi down tlir Sf. Lrnrirnrv place where the English general died. To the right the city has extended far beyond its olW limits, and its upper fringe of villas encircles the handsome new Parliament buildings of the Provincial Legislature. The citadel itself is a good specimen of the fortifications in fashion in the early part of this century, Imt its m .-onry must now be backed and aided by .in extensive system of earthen outworks if the Canadians it ''>nd to hold it as a strong place. Between (Quebec and Montreal there is little to arrest attention. Lake .St. Peter spreads its broad expanse between the Hat and fertile farm lands of the upper portion of the Province, and a deep channel is dredged in its shallow bed to ensure the safe passage of transatlantic steamers. The boulders which strew the sides of the channel of the St. Lawrence, as well as every ledge on the floors of the ocean, have been carried by such pgencies of ice and current, and often when the rivers break their winter chains and send them grinding along on the loosened torrent, you may see the DOMINION OF CANADA 18 geolofjical problem which of old puzzled people solved before your eyes ; for large stones arc being rapidly carried along to be al lasi sunk below the tides, when the white chariot which has borne them has been dissolved. To the navigator these wandering bergs are a nuisance, for care has to be taken to avoid them. Hut even a collision with one of them is not enough to damage a good modern ship so as to destroy her power of making port. The A>izoiia, when she " collided " with an ice mountain on her way H'olfc'.t Core, uiar Qiwhrr from New \'ork, had her fore compartment stove in, but the water-tight doors prevented any luitlier flooding of her frame, and she steamed to St. John as if nothing had happened, and ihence, after a .■•hort delay, fmished her voyage to Britain. With a good look-out, and with the care always taken by the Canadian liners not to run too fast in fog cir diiiy weather, there is no danger. Indeed, the amount of risk incurred when a traveller puts himself on lizard a tr.insatl.intic vessel of the first class, is f.ir less than that involved in an ordinary r liiw.iy jouriu'v. 0^ 'J 14 DOMINION OF CANADA 1!!' Ill u;i Let us leave these hyperborean problems Those of the northern land are low, those of the terms she has had the happiness of having John Glover, to preside over her councils. and look at the shores of Labrador or Newfoundland, southern island bold, indented, and pictures(|ue. It was upon these that the (jaze fell of the first European who discov- ered the New World, when Eric the Red's son, Lief, coasted a- long them in his Norse galley in the days when, as Huml)oldt says, "the Caliphate of Bagdad was still nourishing under the c Abbassides, and while '*] the rule of the Saman- 5 ides, so favorable to ~ poetry, still flourished ^ in Persia." Nine hun- ■^ dred years have since •^ come and gone, but ^ these shores remain as I they were, for the J. thick woods of light ^ firs are uncleared, and ■^ the deer on the land, ^ and the seals, the 5 .vhite porpoises, and the wild fowl of the waters, have almost as C "good a time "as they ^ enjoyed in those old "o" days. Newfoundland I still receives with loy- "" alty a (Jovernor sent out by the Old Coun- try, instead of follow- ing the example of the Provinces of the Do- minion, which, with equal loyalty, receive a Governor nominated as the representative of monarchical demo- cracy by the Canadian Government. FortWo a distinguished sailor and colonial statesman, namely, Sir .Sir John has lately returned to his first transatlantic "^ DOMINION OF CANADA 15 love after a brief connection with a group of the fair West Indian Isles. As all the world knows, he was to have led the expedition against King Coffee in Ashantee. But at the eleventh hour a change in the views of the military authorities of England took place, and Sir Garnet Wolseley, with regular troops, was sent out, leaving to Sir John tllover the task of making an attack to divert the attention of the enemy by a parallel march w-'tl. his gallant black " Iloussa "' levies. The jiart thus allotted to Sir John Glover he uiulertoi-k with .he greatest success, but at one point of the march fortune seemed to declai-e against him. A natu\. chief living some distance up country swore that he could not provide the necessary transport. It was well known that he was perfectly able to do so, and after a conference which had pro- ceedeeen the signal for our own disunion. " Such gloomy views were met by the firm and confident language of another French Canadian statesman. " If we remain alone," he ex- claimed, "we can aspire to no position, we can give reign to no ambition, as a people. We have at the present lime as many systems of juilicature .as we liave I'rovinces ; with (Jon- federation, on the contrary, this defect will he removed, and there «ill be but two systems, one for Lower Canada, because our laws are difl'erent from those of the other Provinces, because we are a separate ])eople There are also now as many different tariffs as there are different Provinces— as many commercial and customs regulations as Provinces. Currency and the interest on money are also regulated by different systems in the several Provinces. Put with Confederation all these matters would be under the control of one Central Legislature. . . . There is another alternative that is proposed tO' Confederation— annexation tn the United .States. I do not believe there is a single member in the House or out of the House who would consent lo the annexation of Canada to the United .Stales. I now come to the other alternative proposed — that of Independence. Men may be found, Ijoth in the House and out of it, who will be disposed to say that we had belter have Independence than Confederation. For my part, I believe that the independence of the British North American Provinces would be the greatest misfortune which could happen to them ; it would be to leave us to the mercy of our neighbors, and throw us into their arms." The tone of this speech was in complete harmony with that which was delivered by Sir John '.Macdonald. " If we wish,'" he saicU " to form a great nationality, commanding the respect of the world, able to hold our own against all opponents, and to dtfend those institutions we prize; if we wish to have one system of govern- ment, and to establish a commercial union, with unrestricted free trade, between Itie people of the five Provinces, belonging as they do to the PdHt Office, Ottaun. same nation, obeying the same Sovereign, owing. i • f : :f; 18 DOMINION OF CANADA If I'll, IR the same allegiance, and being for the most part of the same MdocI ami lineage ; if we wish lo he able to afford to each other the means of mutual defence and support against aggression and attack, this can only be obtained by a union of some kind between the weak and scattered boundaries com- posing the British North American I'rovinces." And later, in the same speech, he continued, " I am strongly of opinion that year by year, as we grow in population and strength, Kngland will more see the advantage of maintaining the alliance between Hritish North America and herself. In- stead of looking upon us as a merely dependent colony, England will have in us a friendly nation, a subordinate, but still a powerful people, to stand by her in North America in peace and in war." And now, in looking back upon this speech, it may be well to remember that Lord Derby, s]ieaking in 1884, said that he did not know where the public man could now be found who /.,„■(! Linif^iloinir.l.'ovrnioranii'ral of CiuKKto would venture to propose the separation of the colonies from the mother country. Already^ therefore, the prophecy that the lying together of the separate slicks into one fngoi would provide fuel for patriotic ardor and spirit among the coUmists, and respect in the mother country towards her great dependencies, has proved true. Canada presents to the world the spectacle of a united people, daily and hourly growing in strength and union. Her alliance will soon be a prize, her dependence is a les.sening fear even to the most nervous and respcmsi- bility-hating politician. In her institutions she has kept to the model shown by the three kingdoms. There is the representative of the Sovereign in the Governor-General, who is bound to be a constitutional ruler* giving to the Ministry, representing the majority of the House of Commons, his loyal support. It is his duty to use his moral influence with his Ministers for wiiat he conceives to be the public good ; l>ut his opinions as expressed to them must remain unheard beyond the Council Chamber. Where he sees hows the traces of many lakes ; and innumerable mounds, 'he work of old dwellers in the land, prove that numbers «f human beings livetl, worked, and died on the enormous steppes. On the other hand, to the north, while the same process of the raising and drying of the land is evidently in progress, it has not proceeded so far. There are dry, cactus-covered plains along the frontier of Assiniboia, the central Province of the Canadian Norlh-West ; but as soon as the Saskatchewan valleys are reached, and in general far to the south of this limit, the moisture is evident in the luxuriance of the grasses, until beyond the North Saskatchewan the moisture is great enough to support the dense growth of fir forest which clothes in a wide flat arch the whole of the country below the sub-arctic circle. Therefore, through an almost unbroken belt, the Canadians have a territory which should support 40,000,000 of people. It has a varying depth of from 450 to 100 miles, and in all parts of it the climate has been proved to be most healthy. Little was known of the Northern New World until a comparatively recent date. Within the memory of middle-aged men, Chicago was the frontier post of civilization. Maps compiled by French geographers in the seventeenth century gave up all the country west of Hudson Bay to an imaginary and indefinite ocean. Around this Englishmen placed "New South Wales" and "New Caledonia," while no one disputed that " New France" was all the St Lawrence Valley. To be sure the New Englanders did not I' 20 DOMINION OF CANADA \^i: "»ii. ■ I fin t •'•I I*' 'I. like this, and were lieterinincd lo alter it if possible, but they never succeeded in doing so. In maps of the time of William ami Mary you will still see that everything to the north of the (Julf of California is marked as unknown. On the I'acitic ihe ignorance of (.California was so general until recent years that when in 1849 the (irst strong inllux of Americans look place into that State, men in New \'ork derided the folly of friends who proposed to settle in that " unprotilable wilderness ! " The land which is far to the north of California, namely, liritish Columhia, is one of the best valued of the Canadian .States. France has bucome loo I'arisian, or she might have iiuionies. But she loves the boulevard, hides even the street view with trees, and shuts up the end of the vi^ta with a museum, or a monument lo national glory. .Siie plants out her view of things at home, and she does not plant herself abroad. This is a mistake. What she ciuild do if she were not always turning to the looking-glass she showed in the sixteenth and the early part ol the seventeenth centuries 1 'I'lK-n she senl her people lo .':Hl)due the earth. They began .he woik, and have continued it, but ihe niolhur country again took lo the lookingglasSy .( Iliinustciiil FnriH ii, Ontario and in her c-oniemplation of herself forgot her children. They did not at that time contribute to her niiuiis p/ai.urs, uhich might occasion a fresh wrinkle, su they were rnns^t'eu. Hut what gallant children they were who thus remained forsaken, yet fortunate 1 The names of the first jjioneers, soldiers and martyrs ot New France will be as honored as are those of the early warriors and saints of the Frankish kingdom. In 1.S37 the French Canadians, with reason, demanded a wider constitutional privilege than they possessed, and this was practically secured by the measures taken after the mission of Lord Durham. Ta Lord I<:igin must be ascribed the credit of having in time of trial an J provocUion resisted the party which would have m.ide him go back from the doctrine of ministerial responsibility. He faced a riotous mob in order lo give Executive sanction to the measures of his (lovernmenl, and from thai day pure constitutional Government, and with il a freedom unknown elsewhere on the American continent, has found its home in Canada. I-'rom that time great works have been undertaken by a people recognizing each year more and more the necessity and use of union. The Intercolonial Railway, binding Nova Scotia and New Brunswick to (Quebec ; the Grand Trunk, traversing a great part of the older portion of the country, and having its termini in the American cities of Portland and Chicago, with other lines, have been under- take! and .Tttral from I territj southl strike! of Or contiil the 13 J DOMINION OF CANADA 21 II maps of the nia is marked tliat when in ideil the folly r to the north ilevard, hides monument to liroad. Tliis lowed in the ue the earth, looking-glass. 'W* lihule to her |nt children \nd martyrs kingdom. than they |-ham. To irty which bus mob in Istitulional its home year more land New In try, and ;n under- taken by the young nation. Immense labor has bci-n bestowed on ihi- cffalioii and deepening of canaK and river channels. The prosperity of the country and its vast undeveloj-.ed resources have combined to .iltracl emigrants to an extent lu-retoforc unknown. The nund)ers of the eniigrni)ts have ri-^en of late from 40,000 per annum to 100,000 and 135,000. The Dominion of C'anaiia occupies the northern hall of the ctrntinenl of North America. It has a I erritory of about the extent of Europe, and larger than thai of the United Slates without Alaska. The southern frontier of Manitoba and the North-West Territory, if extended across the Atlantic Ocean, would strike the continent of Europe a little below the latitude of Paris ; while the southern |)oint nf the Province of Ontaiio is as (ar south as 'he latitude of Ki)me. Canada is therefore the physical ei|uivalent on the continent of America of the great empires and kingdoms of Italv; France, lielgiiim, ( ierinany, Austria, the British Islanils, Russia in Europe, and .Sweden and Norway. Mlip-i'P ' li I .' ' :! ' ! ' '' ' '' ' i^ " " "" !' " T^ '- ' iTM i i i ' "';::%; :Bm Profirrsnirr Fdniihiji This vast territory comprises an area in round numbers of 3,500,000 s(|uare miles. From east to ^^■est it stretches from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, and from the southern latitudes alxive stated to the Arctic circle. Very large portions of this great territory are cultivable ; and those portions not cultivable are rich in mineral wealth. The proportion of cultivable land in the Dominion, suited to the productions of the temperate zones, is quite as large as that in the United States. It possesses the largest extent of land yet ■open for settlement adapted to the growth of the grasses, cereals, and other productions of the temperate climates, not only on the continent, but in the world. It has many thousands of stiuare miles of the finest forests on the continent, and many thousands of square miles of the most fertile prairie land. Its rivers and lakes form one of the most remarkable physical features of the continent. This water system furnishes important facilities for communication ; and the course of the .St, Lawrence is in the line of the shortest sailing circle across the Atlantic. The same favorable condition prevails on the west coast, from the terminus of the Pacific Railway across the Pacific Ocean to the markets of China, Japan, and also to Australia, Coupled with these important commercial conditions, there is the fact that the Canada if M DOMINION OF CANADA It) Pacific Railway crosses the continent en llic shortest line through the fertile belt, ami at the "gate" of the Rocky Mountains, crossing them on inimen>i'ly more favorable conditions, both as respects grade* and curves, th;in the line of railway which reaches the I'acilic C(»ast at San Francisco. As at present constituted, it is divided into seven Provinces, viz, : Nova Scotia, New iJrunswick, Prince Edward Island, (,)uel)ec, Ontario, Manitoba, ami Uritish Columbia, together with the vast extent of North-Wesi Territory ; "Ui of which the Districts of Assiniboia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Athabasca have been formed ; districts which will in the near future become great provinces of the Dominion, each having a territory as large as a ['.urojiean kingdom or empire. Canada has fisheries of almost boundless extent, both on its Atlantic and Pacific coasts, which are without eijuals on the continent, or. it is believed, in the worlil. It has coal fields of immense extent on boih its Atlantic and Pacific coasts ; and there are large deposits beneath the surface of its prairie lands, e.ist of the Rocky Mountains. It has also iron, gold, silver, copper, lead, and other mines of great rich- I"' If ■in i /iiroitiiT (Iniiiin vvapinu Ik r rnrard :s? ness, including petroleum and salt ; together with almost every description of stone and granite and other valuable building materials. It has great variety of climates, from the arctic to that of almost the most southern of the temperate zones. The climates of the settled portions of the Dominion, and of the lands open for settlement, are among the most pleasant and healthy in the world, and favorable to the highest development of human energy. The Dominion of Canada must therefore, from these facts, become in the not distant future the home of one of the most populous and powerful peoples of the earth, while to the European immigrant, ol whatever nationality, it offers an inheritance rich in resources and fruitful in products. Canada seems especially fitted to supply the United Kingdom with much of the farm produce that is- necessary for her to import. The older Provinces export horses, beef, mutton, butter, cheese and fruits as their leading staples from the field and the garden, while Manitoba and the North-West export wheat and other grains. Large ranches have also been successfully established on the great grass lands at the base of the Rocky Mountains, and when these come into full play their products will be enormous. The DOMlNJl).^ OK CANADA 88 rattle can 1k« driven tn tlie nearest railway stations, which arc not more distant from the Atlantic sea- ports than are those railways in the United States, West and South-VVest, wliich now successfully brinR eatlle r/rf Chicago to the Atlantic ports U>r export to (ireal Hritain. The general healtlifulness uf climate, and favoral.le condiiions for feeding all Uinds of slock, which prevail in the older Provinces of Ontario. (Juehec, Now Brunswick, Nova Sculia and Prince K.lward Island, as well as in what may he calleil the new North-West, leave no room for doubt that Canada is capable of supplying the needs of the mother country as respects supplies of horses, cattle and sheep. It is to be remarked, moreover, that since ilie beginning of this export ti.ide, there have been marked improvements in stock, by the importation of .Short-Horn, Tolled Angus, Hereford and other varieties. The success which has attended various well-known establishments in the 1 (ominicm devoted to the rearing of thoroughbred stock, is sufficient guarantee of the protitabie nature of the enterprise, which is yet com- paratively in its infancy. --^ le and other .//( Onlario Forvi The soil of Canada may be said to be the source of her greatest wealth and strenjith. Her forest hands, her smiling farms, and her rich and vast rolling prairies, make the attraction she offers for the agriculturist. There may be more scientific farming in England and in Scotland than in Canada. English high farmers would find in Canada much that they would consider very rough work ; but there are exceptions of highly cultivated farms. In the I'rovince of Ontario there is a School of Agriculture, connected with a model farm, at which scientific and practical agriculture is taught. There are also model farms in the Province of (Quebec. The result is a marked improvement of late years in the style of farming in some parts of the country. But there is much to be done yet in this direction. In too many instances the land is merely scratched over ; and it speaks well for the character of the soil and climate that under such adverse circumstances such excellent yields are obtained. It has been hitherto found that what we may call pioneer farming, that is, taking from the soil in the roughest and readiest manner what it will produce, is more profitable than higher farming with its more costly appliances of labor and fertilizers. Hut in the older portions of the country this state o\ things is beginning to change. The sufficient reason for its *24 DOMINION OF CANADA If'*'' '"I Lxislence in the past has been that the land has been plentiful, choap and virgin, while on the other hand labor has been dear. It was, therefore, natural to lake the most from the land at the least cos» of labor. Let a new-comer in Canada go into a farming district, and call at the first large, comfortable house he may meet witli, surrounded with noil-tilled tields, herds of sleek cattle, great barns and extensive stables, all showing evidence of prosperity. Upon asking the owner's experience, in nine cases out of ten the rei)ly to this would be that he came from the Old Country fifteen, twenty or twenty-five years ago, with an em|ny jiocket ; that in his early days he had to struggle with difhcuhies ; but found his labors rewarded by success, and ultimately crowned with independence. Paying no rent, and owning no master, he has educated and settled his children around him in e(iually favorable conditions with his own. This is not an isolated case ; it is the experience of hundreds and thousands of men. For the agricultural laborer who comes to Canada, the cpiestion is not simply what wages he may earn, but to what position of JcrKfii Cntflc 0)1 tni Ontario h'lirm independence he can attain in the evening of his life ; in contrast to that pt)ssible goal in the mother country, if he should become unable to work with his accustomed vigor -the workhouse. The opening up and successful carrying on of the export of cattle trade with England has sc.isibly changed, in many cases, the character of the farming in Canatla ; and this is well, for farmers had begun to overcrop the soil, in so constantly producing cereals. In comparing t'anada's present standing as a stock-breeding country with her standing twenty years ago, we find that her progress in this direction has been most remarkable. It is barely twenty years since the first herd of Knglish thoroughbred short-horns was brought to Canada. I're -ious to that time very little attention had been paid to stock raising. In many instances cattle were allowed to look alter them- selves, and for market purposes they added but little to the settler's income. It was the opinion of many persons in those days that stock-breeding could never be successfully carried on in Canada. Ihe experi- ence of the last few years shows that that opinion was an error. Though the number of farmers who have DOMINION OF CANADA 25 ventured on the experiment of Mock l.rcf.linjr, „;^ ^ lari;e scale, is not R.-cat, the test has been most ihorough ami complete in both Ontario ;uul (,)uebec, ami part of tiie Maritime I'rovinc.'s, anl the result sitisfactory. It may now l)e stated with confidence that the collection of cattle at the i;reat stock breeding farms of fanada is among the most valuable in the world. It is made up of the very best l)lood of the bovine aristocracy of Knp;land. Not many years a-o there were no pure herds in the c.mntry, excein the small species of cow in the I'nnch j.art of Lower Canada, wliich were brouj^ht in chiefly from Hretagne, and possess the milking characteristics of the Alderneys. To-day, there are in Canada many herds of the best English breeds, with a pure and unbroken record exieniling back many t;i. rations. It is a fact established beyoiul all doubt, that the famous short-horns ol luigland not only do well in Canada, but that the cliaracter of the stock actually improves in the new country. In not a few instances /)iir/iiiiii Hint Tliiiroiifihbnil Stock /•'(' tlie oflfspiiny of slock taken out (roni l',ni;land has liecn carried over lo the nuiilier countrv and sold at high prices. .\t a receni sale in I'lni^land a three year old bull which lirout;lit the e.xtraordinary jirice of three thousand six liundred guineas was of Canadian breed. The herds to be seen at the Provincial and other Kxhibitions are the 'vonder and admiration of experienced Mni;lish slockmasters. The growing of fruii, as well for home consumjition as for exportation, is a very important industry in Canada, and one wliich excites the wonder of many new-comers. People who have been accustomed to think of Canada— as described in the words of the Frencli king before the cession- as " a few acres of .snow," are at tirst incredulous as to the extent and excellence of tlie fruits produced in a country which has the summer skies of Italy and France. There are vineyards in the Province o( Ontario of (ifty or sixty acres in extent ; peach orchards of similar extent ; and ap|)le orcliards almost innumerable. Wine of excellent ipiality is now largely manulictured from the grnpes, and this fruit is so cheap as to be within the everyday reach of the poorest. It may be mentioned liiai in the county of Ivssex, on the shores of Lake Erie, the vine is very largely grown for the purpose of wine-making, and both the growing of the vines and the making of the wines are systematically carried on by French viticulturists, by French i ^3 26 DOMINION OF CANADA I*' k •Hull methods and processes, with very great success. Frenchmen engaged in this work have declared the conditions for growing the vine are more favorable in Essex than in the east of France, while the wine which is made is of a superior finality. The great wealth of Canada in f uits is a fact which is not only interesting to the intending settler as an industry, but as a climatic fact, the country in this particular being much before the United Kingdom. The apples of Canada are especially very highly prized, and find their way in very large quantities to the markets of the United Kingdom ; and it may be mentioned here that at the Centennial Exhibition at H ^=.mM Unrolii CoiDitii Graperi/ Philadelphia the Americans honestly admitted themselves to have been fairly beaten by this Canadian product. A New York illustrated paper, or. that occasion, stated that the finest show of fruits at that great Exhibition was " made by the Fruit-Growers' Association of Ontario, Canada." It is to be observed that the areas of the great waters, such as the great lakes and rivers of the Upper Provinces and the St. Lawrence, the bays and inlets of the Lower Provinces, as nearly as they can be estimated from measurement on the maps, would be about 140,000 scjuare miles, which, added to the areas taken from the census districts, would give a total of over 3,610,000 square miles. The area of the whole of the continent of Europe is 3,900,000 square miles ; the area of the United States, exclusi%'e of Alaska, is 2,933,588 square miles— that of Alaska is 577,390 square miles— combined making 3,510,978 miles. Thus the Dominion is nearly six hundred thousand square miles larger than the United .States without Alaska, and nearly eighteen thousand square miles larger than both combined. The total population of the Dominion by the census of 1881 was 4,324,810, against 3,687,024, as shown by the census of 1871. The increase in the old Provinces during the decenniad is over 18 per cent. The increase for the same Provinces in 1871 over 1861 was over 12 per cent. The number of males in 1881 was 2,188,854 ; that of the females 2,135,956 ; there being a preponderance of more than 50,000 males over the females in the Dominion. This has probably arisen from the excess in immigration of males over females. DOMINION OF CANADA 27 Of this population, 478,235 were born in the British Isles and Possessions; 101,047 in Prince Edward Island ; 420,088 in Nova Scotia ; 288,265 in New Brunswick ; 1,327,809 in Quebec ; 1,467,988 in Ontario ; 19,590 in Manitoba ; 32,275 in British Columbia ; 58,430 in the Canadian North-West Territories ; 77,753 in the United States ; and 53,330 in other countries. Ontario is the most populous and wealthy province of the Dominion of Canada, and its growth has been exceedingly rapid. The area within its old limits, as taken from the census districts, is 101,733 s(iuare miles ; but if we compute this area from simple measurement of the map, including rivers and lakes, its extent would bo increased by about 20,000 scpiare miles. It is further to be stated that the territory recently in dispute has been declared to belong to Ontario by a decision of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, and this adds about 80,000 square miles to the Province, making altogether a total of about 200,000 square miles. Onttifio Apple Ovrhani The Province of Ontario reaches the most southern point of the [Dominion, namely, to the latitude of Rome in Italy; and being in a large measure surrounded by the Gre^t Lakes of the Continent of North America, its climate is much modified by their influence. The principal source of its wealth is agriculture, and it may be said to take the lead in the farming operations of the Dominion. The number of acres of land surveyed in this Province is about 31,000,000, and the number of acres already granted and sold is about 22,000,000. The population of Ontario is 1,923,228, as shown by the census of 1881 ; and, as already stated, agriculture forms the principal occupation of the inhabitant.^, although lumbering in the rich forests, mining in the bountiful deposits, commerce, and seafaring occupations on the Great Lakes, attract a portion of the labor of the energetic people of the Province. Toronto, the seat of the Provincial (jovernment, had a population o( 86,415 by the census of 1881 ; but it appears from a municipal census recently taken, its population is 102,276 ; it is a city of which any country might be prouil, and it is very rapidly continuing to grow, both in wealth and population. 28 DOMINION OF CANADA It' Will I*'-. i::: E; E: iMbli; Ms. I ** •) •|!|ii This fair city, stretching along the bUie waters of Lake Ontario, is not the largest city in our young Dominion, but even her more populous rival does not deny that she is the fairest and the mest full of pro- mise ; and by common consent she is known all Canada over as " the Queen City of the West." Her progress has not been a slow and dreaiy pace ; for her veins are full of vitality, and her heart fired with ambition. .Some iif the most enterprising spirits in Canada are ranked among her citizenship, and she count.-, among her business houses some of the great- est and most important trade institutions in the country. In all those factors that go to make a com- nuinily prosperous and worthy, she will be found well supplied. No poisonous slums exist within her limits to harbor pestilence ; her streets no longer lie uniler their old reproach, for many of them are paved and cleanly. .Societies with every description of benevolent, moral and elevating aim are busy among her citizens ; her educational system is perfect as the age can give, and education has become the property of one and all. In art, too, she has much to show ; and her late festival of choruses promises that in music she is destined to win a world-wide fame. The power of the pulpit in Toronto is great ; and she emphatically is a church-going city. In walking her thoroughfares you find no empty houses ; new build- ings are being reared, and not in pairs but frec|uently in whole streets. Consolidation and unification are going on by the incorjioration, with the Queen City herself, of those thriving suburbs that girdle her loins with clusters of little communities, industrious, ambitious and intelligent. A regular steam-ferry service is established dur- ing the summer between the city and the Humber regions, or you may go by rail as well. Through the munificent generosity of Mr. Howard, the city now owns a beautiful stretch of woodland, interspersed with steep hills and deep gulches, known as High Park. To the numerous retreats of shade and jiic- turesqueness which these grounds afford our city folk resort in hundreds. Here, you see a " select" picnic party, presided over by some dignified, yet winsome, chaperon ; a little way distant is a church or Sunday- school picnic, the youths and lasses regaling them- selves in enjoyable and healthful exercises. All the woods, hills and hollows are full of life, health, beauty and gladness. Residents have at last discovered that even the broiling midsummer days may be spent with delight and comfort without leaving the environments of the city, for, fronting their very doors lies the Island, cool and delicious, when the clank of the machinery wheels is stilled and the day's w(.ik is done. This DOMINION OF CANADA '.»!> Island has been shamefully neglected in the past, but one is glad to note that certain steps have been decided upon to save this valuable piece of land from further destruction by water during storms. 15ut even as it stands, it is a most salubrious and inviting spot for those tired in arm or brain. All day l(,ng, ferries, launches of various sizes and sail craft, from the tiny skiff to the more taut and stately yacht, ply between the city and the Island, and one Hnds in the late summer, midway on the bay, a stream of yellow, golden and brown butterflies on their way from the wider fields of the mainland to the rare clover-blooms, the few and vivid flowers, that brighten the face of the warm sand. During the evenings fre^iuentcrs may I'osl 0(li(r. Toronto •sometimes be numbered by the thousand, enjoying the numerous pastimes that the purveyors of amuse- ments have provided. The merry-go-rcund, with its freight of riders — comprising pretty lasses, with healthful cheeks and sunny eyes, and lads who sit Tts-a-vis to catch the coquettish smiles or mischievous glances of the girls — never ceases its revolutions save to take a batch of new-comers. The swish and rumble of the roller-coaster, as it takes its passengers up the s*.eep as well as down, are pleasant sounds; and to these is added the incessant crack of rifles, from the practice in the shooting galleries. Those who care to see the entire surroundings brought together in picturesque tout ensemble, may enter the camera obscura, or wizard's dark chamber. Fringing a considerable portion of the Island coast is a range of tasty cottages, cool and pleasant, and fronting the green, or green and blue, waters of Lake Ontario. For t ! 30 DOMINION! OF CANADA \K the greater part the color combinations of these cottages are very happy, India red upon the root harmonizes well with the rich Nile-green of the sides. Along the sands it is cool, and the color close to the water line is dun pink, or as the ladies phrase it, " ashes of roses." Refreshment houses, cleanly and sumptuously kept, abound ; and all the luxuries or delicacies that you find in the city you can purchase there. No tourist should leave Toronto without spending an evening at the island. The railway, unfortunately, runs along the lake, preventing any pleasant "Strand" street, and spoiling, as it does at Genoa, the access to the shore. Here, . s at Kingston, the French were first in the land, and the place is mentioned in old reports of skirmishes with Indians and English. Yet there are men now alive who are old enough to remember hearing when the first buggy was driven through the streets, which are now broad, well paved, and lined with houses, giving evidence of all the prosperity of a pushing and thriving commerce. Toronto had its troubles and excitements during the American War, ^^^f ■!^-^^'i^-^ ^i^^-^'^A Hotel Hanhtn and Island Pleasure licnoii, Toronto and not far off, across the water, the battle of Queenston Heights gave Brock, the British General, a grave, and the regular and provincial troops a well-earned victory over an enemy strongly posted. A less agreeable reminiscence is the indecisive fight between a greatly superior body of Fenians and a Toronto battalion in 1866 near the Welland Canal, when both sides, after firing much, retreated— the Fenians to Fort Erie, tlie Toronto men towards the canal. The object of the Canadian attack was attained, for the cutting of the canal, which was the object of the invaders, was frustrated. Several gallant youths belonging to the University were killed, and a monument in the pleasant and shady park attests the respect of the citizens for those who were foremost in giving evidence at that time of the patriotic spirit which animated all Canadians. Osgoode Hall, where are the Law Courts, is a fine building worthy of the learned Bar which meets there, and of the ability of the judges who preside over the Provincial Courts. It was named after the first Chief Justice of Upper Canada, and is memorable lor an imposing ceremony in which Mr. Blake, the leader of the present Opposition in the Federal Parliament, DOMINION OF CANADA )on the roo( :oIor close to , cleanly and ;an purchase <)si/oo(lv Hull. 'J'uroiilo and one of the ablest lawyers in the Dominion, welcomed in an impressive speech the American Secretary of State, Mr. Evarts. That remarkable statesman and orator delivered t'j the assembled company in the library a most elocjuent reply, dwelling on the part taken by the exponents of law in the affairs of nations, and emphasizing his hearty desire — a desire for which Mr. Evarts, through his high official pc;sition, was ablejoften effectively to labor — for the continued harmony and good understanding between the United States and the British Empire. University of Toronto This reception was one of the historic events which will live in the memory of the men of Toronto, where politics are as eagerly pursued as are the material gains of trade, and where neither the one nor the other is able to eflface a love for letters, learning, the arts and the sciences. When the University is visited the Observatory of the Federal Government for Meteorology should not be neglected, for from such headquarters come the " •slorm wariings " which so wholesomely aflfright our sailors, keeping them to safe ports, and givJ-^jj them warning of tempest. Dr. Carpmael is at the head of this establishment, and it is } CJ/fY OF HAMILTON "•1 I r I? TiiK iiKr>T wiiri'K visnou. As far back as the year 1669 Sieur De la Salle, a Frenchman, with a party, left Lachine with the intent of renchin^ the Pacitir Ocean. After skirling the shores of Lake Ontario they arriveil at the head of Burlington iiay and encamped on the spot where the city of 1 fam- iltt)n now stands. It presenteil anythint; but an inviting appearance. Tiie ground was marshy and the forest was in- fested with ihousanils of wolves that made night hideous with their savage cries, while the countless bull - frogs tended to swell the dis- cordant notes. The sitles of the mountain were swarming with rat- tlesnakes, so that alto- gether the site of what is now Hamilton was anything but inviting. La Salle made a sketch o' of the place, and this was the first map of Hamilton ever drawn ; it was published by Oa- linee. In 1793, Can- ada passed from the hands of the French to the British. When the American colonies re- belled a man named Robert Land, living with his family in I'enn- sylvania, cast his for- tune with the Royalists, and was engaged as a spy. While conveying a message into camp one night, he was dis- covered and fired at and wounded. Fortunately making his escape, he returned to his home, which he found in ash es, and his family, as he supposed, murdered. They, however, had escaped, and tracking him to where he had been concealed when wounded, saw the blood, and believing him to be killed, they fled to New Brunswick. Robert Land fled to Canada and went to Niagara, and thence to where the eastern portion ot Hamilton no^y stands, where he took up 300 acres of ground, being the first white man to settle in these parts. T' ,i was in June, 1778. There was no other white settlement for miles around, although there was a nup ,; of a village already formed "s. "^ CITY OF HAMILTON Court JIniiNc, Hamilton at Ancaster. lie built himself a cabin of logs, with one window, the light being admitted through a stretched woirs skin. He varied farming with hunting pursuits. After a few years of this life, having broken a patch of land and done some farming, he was surprised one day to see a weary and travel- stained woman, accompanied by two stalwart young men, approach his door, whom to his great surprise and joy he found to be his wife and two sons. They had become dissatisfied with their home in New Brunswick, and travelling westward reached Niagara, Land's former home, and hearing that he was in the neighborhood, started out in search of him. Here the reunited family lived and died, and here some of their descendants live to this day. Colonel Robert Land, grandson of the first Robert, and his family, occupy the old homestead at present. THK WAR OK l8l2. The war of 1812 did not prove disastrous to Hamilton, although a battle between 500 Canadian Volunteers, under ("ol. Hardy, and 2,000 Americans, wns fought on the evening of June Sth, 1813, and the disastrous defeat of the Americans saved the settlement, which was then growing apace. Col. Land, though but seven years of age at the time, remembers distinctly hearing the firing at the battle of .Stony Creek. Immediately after the war, the Burlington Bay and Desjar- dins Canals were built, which brought an influx of people to Hamilton, and helped to swell the commercial importance of the place, as they engaged in manufacturing pursuits. Col. Land has also vivid recollections of the building of those canals, which were enterprizes of much importance in those days. The first foundry, established by Fisher and Mc- Questen on the site where the Royal Hotel now stands, v\as another step in advance in the manufacturing industries of Hamilton. The country surrounding Hamilton is rich and varied in agricultural products. Besides all the cereals grown in tem- perate climates, maize is produced "1 abundant crops. All the vegetables grown in temperate regions are produced in abundance here ; fruit is also very plentiful. It is little over three quarters of a century ago that the ground now occu- Alcjr. M-Kap. Mayor pied by the city of Hamilton was covered witji forest. Some ;Jr- CIITY OF HAMILTON years after 'a few farmers settled and cleared the land, and so it gradually became more populated, and a hamlet was formed. ORCJANIZATiON OK THE CITY. In 1833 a municipal organization was formed, and in 1836 the inhabitants numbered 2,846, the assessed value of the property being less than $165,000. Ten yea rs late r the populauoa had increased to 7,oqOf and a city charter was obtained. The following table will show the growth of population since then: 1851,14,112; 1861,19,096; 1871,26,716; 1876,31,708; 1881,35,961; 1886 (estimate), 41,000. The assessed value of property in 188$ was nearly $20,000,000. In November of 1832 a destructive fire reduced a large part of the town to ashes, but the part destroyed was speedily rebuilt, and on the I2th of February, 1833, the town had increased to such an extent that an Act was passed to define its limits and to establish a market and police. About 1850 the magnificent water works, which are only excelled in the Dominion by those at Montreal, were begun, the total cost of the same being about $800,000. It also made many other improvements, including expensive sewers and gas works. The crisis of 1859 came, and brought with it financial disaster to Hamilton, the history of which during the following ten years is dark and gloomy. Houses and stores were unoccupied, and for several years not a solitary building was erected in the city. The revival of trade which ensued after the close of the American war did a good deal in the way of restoring the city to a prosperous condition. 3 THE CHURCHES. Our early settlers did not forget their religious duties. The pioneer who first introduced sacred services into Hamilton was the venerable Richard Springer, about the beginning of the present century. He was con- ^''^J^^^^^^^r:^r-^^^^j^ verted at Nia- gara, and op- ened his house totheitinerant preachers who went from place to place throughout the scattered settlements expounding the gospel.— They held meetings in his barn or kitch- en, and at quarterly meeting he would take a waggon load of them to the old Bowman chapel on the mountain, or the still older edifice at Stony Creek. The oldest regular place of worship in Hamilton was the little frame school house on the corner now occupied by Charlton's factory. In this building Mr. Springer took charge of a small company of Methodists for many years, most of the farmers in Hamilton in those days being of that persuasion. In 1822, Colonel Robert Land gave a lot of one and a quarter acres for the erection of a church and burying ground, the earliest tombstone in the graveyard being that of Samuel Price (a tavern keeper), dated 1822. In 1823 the deed was made out to five trustees, Richard Springer, Charles Depew, John Aikman, John Eaton and Peter Ferguson. The contract for building was given to Day Knight, son-in-law of Mr. Springer, the price of the church being $1,700. The church was duly dedicated in May, 1824. Hamilton now is the see city of the Diocese of Niagara (Church of England) and of the Diocese of Hamilton (Roman Catholic). There are in the city six AngUcan churches, viz.: Christ Church Cathedral, Church of the Ascension, St. Thomas' Chu^h, All Saints', St. Mark's, and St. Luke's, the latter two being free and open churches. Loretto Convent Seminai^ CITY OF HAMILTON JtDiirs St reel li(i])tint ('liuirh The Roman Catho- lies have 2 large church- es, one of brick (St. Mary's, which is the ca- thedral church), one of stone, called St. Pat- rick's, and one smaller church of wood, known as St. Joseph's Church, used by Cermars. The Presbyterians number six churches, designated the Central Church, McNab Street Church, Saint Paul's, Knox Church, Erskine and St. John's Church. The Methodists ha ve nine churches, call- ed the Centenary, Wes- ley, I'irst Methodist, Zion Tabernacle, Sini- coe Street, Gore Street, Emerald Street, and the American Methodist Episcopal Churches. The Baptists have one large and handsome stone church in the centre of the city, with a mission church in a remote portion of it. There is also a Baptist Church for colored people. Besides the above religious boilies, there is a Congregational Church, a Reformed Episcopal, Brethren of the One Faith, Believers, Evangelical Lutheran, Plymouth Brethren, also a Jewish Synagogm-, a branch of the British and Foreign Bible Society, and a Young Men's Christian Association. IIAMII.ION CHAklTAHI.K INSTITUI IONS. Holding a prominent place amongst these are the national and benovolent societies. They are, the St. George's, St. Andrew's, Caledonia, Irish Protestant, Catholic Mutual Benefit and Emerald Associations. The other charitable institutions comprise a Boys' Home, a Girls' Home, a Home for Aged Women, a Home of the Friendless, an Orphans' Asylum, a House of Refuge and the St. Mary's Orphan Asylum. These have suitable, commodious buildings, the outcome of private benevolence, and are sustained by voluntary contributions. The St. Mary's Asylum is in charge of Sisters of Charity Hamilton possesses an hospital for the sick and injured. It was built a few years since at a cost to the city of $53,685, and has accommodation for 150 patients. Last year 673 patients were admitted. Last year the Government grant was $7,458, and the amount paid by patients $1,573. MONETARY INSTITUTIONS. Hamilton contains many excellent and reliable banking institutions, among which may be mentioned the Bank of Montreal, Bank of British North America, Bank of Commerce, Merchants Bank, Molsons Bank, Traders Bank and Bank of Hamilton. SCHOOLS AND EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS. Hamilton is well provided for in the matter of educational institutions, which will compare favorably with those of any other city in the Dominion, and comprise the public schools and the Collegiate Institute, together with a model school and a training college for teachers. In th< public schools the course of study, as in all other pans of Canada, fully covers the elementary subjects. In the Collegiate Institute, which pupils enter at the age of about 14, having completed their common school course of study, pre- paration m'^y be had for entering the universities, the medical schools, the law schools, etc. The schools are managed by a Board of Education, consisting of twenty members, fourteen of whom are elected by J ti CITY OF HAMILTON 3 the people, and six appointed by the Board of Aldermen, In the public schools each pupil pays frum one to two dollars per year, for which he receives all books, stationery, etc., re- ((uired throughout the course. In the Conciliate Institute the fees range from two dollars and ii half to ten dollars per year, and the students supply their own books. Tliere are five .Separate Roman Catholic schools. A ladies' school of a high graile is also conducted by that denomination. The Wesleyin Methodists also con- trol a ladies' college in Hamil- ton, devoted to the higher branches of education for young women. The Hamilton Association |! is an incorporated society for investigating the natural his- tory, botany, geology and In- 1 dian anti(iuitii's of the district. It has about 150 members, who hold monthly meetings. Besides the public schools there are private institutions Homini Cnlhollr ('iilhfifrol \ pulilic An School has also been for commercial and business training, and for art tuition, established. MANUKACTUKINC; INDtl.STRIKS ()!• IIAMII.ION, Hamilton has not been inaptly called the Birmingham of Canada, for here manufactories, well equipped with all the machinery and appliances for cheap and efficient production, are to be found, and scarcely an important branch of industry is left altogether unrejiresented. In her factories a daily output is maintained of innumerable articles of the metal, wood and leather industries, of textile fabrics, and of glassware, pottery and clothing. The curing and packing of meats, and canning of fruits and vegetables, are carried on advantageously. The capital invested in industrial operations in Hamilton is nearly one thirty-fourth of the whole capital invested in manufacturing industries throughout the whole Dominion, and the proportion of finished goods is nearly in the same ratio. The average annual wages of each person employed in Hamilton industries amounts to $345.93 ; this includes the boys and girls as well as the adults employed, and is in excess of the average earnings of similar employees, taking the whole of Canada into account. >i For the subjoined facts as to the general condition of the principal manufacturing industries of this city we are indebted to the esteemed Secretary of the Board of Trades, as also for various statistical matter. In quoting a prefactory remark of his, that, " there is little or no room for doubt that t'rie circulation of accurate intormation respecting the various enterprises and industries of Hamilton would promote the varied interests of the city, and thai it ought to be procured and published," we are pleased to see that the value of such a work as uars: .has been recognized, and which, embracing as it does facts obtained direct from our own reporters from ail 'he leading and representative merchants, manufacturers and retail business men of this city, will be found the most valuable and instructive book of the kind ever issued. In every respect Hamilton is a favored seat of commerce, and with a large area tributary to her cofiers, her future is resplendent with possibilities of the greatest and grandest character.. ', CITY OF IIAMFLTON T I KNSUS RKTUKNS iS8i : INUUSTKIAL ESTAULISIIMENTS Ul- HAMILTON. KMI'I.OYKHH. INDUS Tit V. Iliil ic 111 MiikliiK 1 Car unci l.in'ciiinillvi' WtirltK '^ (Wii'jii't Miiklni; 2 I'otli'c mill H|ilco AIlIlM 'J Cork CiiltiiiK 1 Cut 1 1 HI t'licldry I I'liliiiKH mill I'luiiiilr.v Worklnif iii I'lrc 1- niipf Hiilc MakliiK' 1 (tliiHw Wcirklim 4 dlui' Miiklim 1 liiilimi Wiirrs J I run Smell lim Furniicc 1 l.miip iiikI Climiili'llt-r Miikint; 1 Miill't'ss Miikliij.' •-• Null anil Turk Fai'lory 1 Niitivo Wlni' MakliiH 1 I'apcr liiiu anil lliix MiikiiiK .! I'laHlcr auil Hliii'i'o VVnrk I UiplllnKMlIlM 1 Sewing' Machine Factories ;| iSliirt, Collar anil Tie Making H Mannfiii'ture of H)ii|i|>inK MaterlalH 1 Vlne^'iir FaelorleH 'J Whip FactorleH 1 Wluilow Hliaile Factory , I Hutter Factory 1 Straw Worklnjf 1 'rriink anil liox Maklut; •> Wijf MakliiK 1 latent MeillolneM i '2 Hope anilTwlno Factory • 'i MuHical Instrument MiikluK M I'aper Factory 1 lIoHiery 1 (la»< WLrks 1 : hIim.-i MakiuK 1 robiioco Wiirkiug H VVoDcl Turning I I'otterieH H Soiiv KiirtuiteH 4 l»yeinK anil ^couriUK ^ Kiijfi" Tool W iikinn I MlHcellnueoiH WureK 11 Chemical I'll iiluctH - Hanket Making '■! Hook liiuilin; "> Sash. Door Hiiil Blind Factories 7 Ship Bullillut! 1 Stone mill Marble Cutting 12 I'rintiufr Offlres !• I'uiup Makui)! 2 iNIeat CurInK 7 I'aiulluK, Olaimtf. etc H Pot and Peurl Acherles 1 Furriers, HattiTH, etc Urooui nnil Brush Maklny; 5 Tailors and Clothiers Hi Tin and Sheet Iron Workinjf I'J Tanneries 4 FoundrieH and Alachine Shops IH Saddle and Bareess Making i\i Cooperime •! Dress Making '•*• Flour Hud Grtst Mlllo a Carpenters and Toiners li) i:. (i l'.!,7iiii mi •t I l,miii mi 14 10 . 2 i 7,iiiNi no 18 6 7,000 no 2;) 8 18,000 on H ii 4 fi.iuio mi <; -t) 5,81 HI mi 24 ■ . • '.1,0011 mi ti . . 1 1,000 no l,7fiO (HI mi , , 2(>,IXI0 00 24 2 ' .. 10,4(KI 00 U K) 00 I •) 1 ItlKI mi (I 1 •i,m) 00 7!l 'i7 H 4 41,IM->0 00 li •> • . 1,320 00 ;t 1 8IHI mi 111 1\! 8 H 7,51HI (K) i.« 3 4(>4(X) 00 3 li.lUO 00 fit) 1 ■24,780 00 \Xi li fi8 H4,'.H)fi no !t 4'800 00 1 fu; It 1 28,750 00 11,175 00 i,mo 00 iH !•> IJ(i,77fi 00 11 2,8(>0 00 It 1 HOO 00 4it 1 1 22.!N1S no IM 1) 4 •_>7„tOO 00 IHIt 2IH 12 138,8;i<) 00 H2 !l 84,150 00 211 1 8,0(U 00 5111 i» 240,2(iO 00 fit! 1 4 18,540 IM) 11 4,IiT0 00 1 2(10 12 afi,044 (K) IIS 7,(380 Ot' IW i 35,510 00 150 H a.im (X) 2(i0 78 1 i)7,i)fi9 00 82 10 .. 20,700 00 I0i» 8 ** , 1 44,6()6 00 75 a 30.000 00 107 1 10 : i 48.832 00 88 •i 1S,420 OU i(,!«5 1,027 ! Mr..J.m - . Valiii' of Viiliii' of Haw j Articles I'ro- Miiiei'liil. illiieil. I l«HI 70,!ll!) fillO 27,1100 lU) lOO.IKMI •J!I7.HIKI ■j.mio 117,JIII I.IMH) 4.IIIKI 4.'^,000 fi.lHH) 7110 loiMimi •j.riiKi lO.UKI imi j-fiOjimi 107.112 Mi,7mi in.mK) tO.INIII 2r.,2iio Liimi IKI.ODO fi.I'DO 2fi,88ll fiOO 117,1100 l.V2fiO iH.mm IM.IHIII t.'HIO 18,000 8(MI l,'22i-) '2.'>,(I00 2.'^,0•2fi It.OfiO 5,HK) 5,IMKI 1<.I1,IU)0 l«IO 11.400 72,.')(IO 400 2.fil'0 n8,i.'>o 0.8(NI IfiO 8,050 ll(>,(iOO 1,000 •«),7(H) (n.'.ifio (1.0-)0 18!).(aK) 8,8r)0 2.')l) 01,7110 4.8'2.fi 87fi '.m.mio lU.IKl H-'5,47fi 51,fifi0 82,700 1167,190 44,nX) lO.JW) 88,440 197,000 49,995 76,900 14n,110 is,aou 49,070 ao.ODP aaR,749 8,890 00 no 00 IK) no no I no ! no no mi on no III) on IKI IKI mi mi I IKI ' IK) ' mi ; no I mi mi mi ; IK) mi \ IK) I IKI ' IKI I IKI IK) I IK) I (Kl I (K) I IKI I IKI IKI ! IKI IK) I 00 I IKI I mi (II mi IKI IK) IK) (Kl IK) IKI 00 IK) IK) (K) IK) (K) mi IKI IKI 00 IKI IKI IKI IK) OU 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Ul 00 00 00 00 00 (10 00 6,493 I »2,24«!,ia7 00 ! 44,3U8,6<» 00 t 1,0(K) OO 287,filill IK) 2,1-111 IK) im.lKKI IKI I.IKKI IKI Itfi.lKKI 1)0 522,140 00 O.IKKI IMI •J'.lfi.lKK) (K) ■J.IKKI IK) H.IKKI 00 lOn.limi IKI IH.IKKI IKI l.hlKI 00 l.fin.nno IKI 4.mio IK) ID.'.mi (Kl I'llKI 00 400,IKKI INI 1101,2110 1)0 12l.r.mi (K) l.''p,IIIK) IK) ii4,niKi IKI fil.lKKI IHJ II.IKKI (Kl ni.iKK) no III.IKKI 00 42.i;iKI (Kl •2,0(K) 00 70,mKI 00 ■2.fi,4(a) (K) 18,mK) IK) llO.mK) IK) 12.2IKI IK) Wl.f.MI 00 2,!lfiO 00 4,'2IK) 00 .■W.IKKI IKI 45,tilK) IK) 11.4(K) (K) U.'.NK) IK) io,(KK) no 320,150 00 l.iilKI (R) 11. ma I IK) llU.filKI IX) IKK) (XJ O.IKKI (X) 124.',KKI (K) 13,!i(KI (X) 1,050 (K) 18,8(K> (») 1»7,8(K) 00 5,2(K) 00 ^,.550 00 217,47!) (K) ■20,150 (K) '2H8,(KI0 (O ■23,085 00 ■2,0IK) (KJ 1'26,700 (K) ia,ico (K) 1,.52S HO 162,dlX) 00 89,770 I't; BH0,610 (fi ri8,B0O 00 99,4(W 00 8a9.4(X) 00 88,985 00 t(j,ti00 00 157,862 00 'M%m) 00 107,350 00 lfi2,8IW 00 282,130 00 58,600 00 100,670 00 1M),000 00 aoo,8si 00 38,700 00 i Pi J »7,209,48« 00 CITY OF HAMILTON r h HI A COMPBNDIUM — OF Graphic Sketches op its Prominent Places and People EPISODES IN USEFUL LIVES AND LOCAL REMINISCENCES Canada Business College, Arcade Building, James Street North. — In these days of wide-awake and pushing enterprise, when a practical business education is an absolute necessity when those who have been fortunate enough to ac(|uire such a training are daily securing the most prominent and lucrative positions in every walk of life— the educational establishment which furnishes a thorough and com- plete course of i.istruction in all matters appertaining to finance, commerce and general business trans- actions, is necessarily a very important factor in any <:ommunity. In this connection it becomes our duty to say that any notice of the institutions of the " Ambitious City " would be incomplete which did not contain a record of the Canada Business College, which is most eligibly located in the Arcade Building, James Street North. This college was established a r a dry goods warehouse. Tlie es!al)lishment of Long & Hisby is the only firm in Canada devoting ; their energies exclusively to the wool business. A ; sjjlendid record has been made by this house during ' the nineteen years they have been in business, anil their reputation stands the highest wherever wool is marketable in the country, from one end to the other. Wool is shijified to them from Nova Scutia, New Brunswick, Manitoba and British Columbi.i. At thg outset their trade was not of much account, but now the firm handle between three and four million pounds of wool a year. In addition to Canadian wool this firm import large (juantities of foreign wool for Canadian manufacturers, only the short wool being suitable for this trade. The firm buy both on their own account and receive on con- signment 'o be sold on commission ; and by their liberal dealings with the wool pullers of the Dominion, have a leading choice of all the wool produce of the country, as everyone in the wool business is aware of the fact that Messrs. Long & | Bisby always pay the full cash market value for all i consignments. Knox, Morgan & Co., Wholesale Dry Goods, 7 King vS'reet East. — The dry goods ttade in Hamil- ton, as formerly represented by Buchanan, Harris iV Co., D. Mclnnes& Bro. and Thomas C. Kerr i!v; Co., is now being carried on by the firm of Knox, Morgan & Co., who assumed the management after 'he late Alexander Duncan lost his life in the disaster of the //j7rt on Lake Huron in .September, 1882. Messr.^. Knox, Morgan & Co. carry a heavy'and complete line of dry goods suitable for the general store trade of western Ontario, including Canadian manufac- tured and imported fabrics from Great Britain, France and Germany, their buyers visiting these markets twice a year. The building occupied by this firm is a splendid structure of cut stone. The premises are commodious, being 66x300, four stories high. The stock is well arranged and assorted, any part of whi';h can be handled at a moment's notice. On the first floor are the tweeds, mantle cloths, tailors' trimmings, carpets, the partners' office and counting house, and the entry and shipping room ; on the second floor are the dress goods, prints, gents' furnishings and overalls ; the third and fourth floors contain the thousand and one articles in small ware, from Berlin wools and laces to pins and needles ; while the cellar contains a full range of cottons, flannels, underwear, blankets, ducks, cottonades, shirtings and linens. The trade of this house em- braces the peninsula formed by Lakes Ontario, Erie and Huron. Six competent travellers are employed, who penetrate into every portion of that extensive territory where a dry goods business is being carried on. Mr. Alfred Morgan, the buyer of the house, is A gentleman eminently qualified for that position, as his experience as ach extends over a .period of 20 years. His familiarity with the British and foreign markfts gives him a superior advantage, the benefit of which is enioyed by the customers of this house. Mr. |ohn Kno , the senior member of the firm, is an Ayrshire Scotchman. He is a gentleman of first-rate business ability, push and perseverance. The repu- tation of this house is second to none. Lumsden Bros., Importers of Teas and Whole- .sale Grocers, No. 60 McNab Sireet Nonh.— The l)usiness of this firm was established in 1 872, the date of the copartnership. This house makes a specialty of teas, which are imported from England, China and [apari, being of excellent quality. A heavy and complete stock of groceries is also kept, one of the leading articles bemg Canadian sugar A large local trade is done, which is surpa.sscd by no house of the kind in the city, and the area covered outside embraces the whole of western Ontario. To attend to the entire trade several travellers are en- gaged. Lumsden Bros, do principally a cash trade and pay cash for everything, a faci which speaks for itself. The premises are large and commodious, being 30x160, four flats, on which the stock is ex- cellently arranged and easily handled. The second flat is devoted to offices, showroom and shipjiing. W. G. Lumsden, who is the sole proprietor of this house, is an American, being a native of Pennsyl- vania. He is a shrewd and energetic man of busi- ness, straightforward, upright and honorable. Thomas Lees, Watchmaker, Jeweller, and Optician, 5 James Street North.— The well known and popular jewellery establishment of Thomas Lees is one of the most prominent in the heart of the city of Hamilton. It is located at 5 James Street North, n e a r King. Mr. Lees has always been successful as a business man, and he is practical and skilled as a workman on v/atches and jew ellery . The store," whichis 23x30 feet in dimensions and three stories in height, is neatly arranged, the lower floor or wareroom being fitted up with large plate-glass show cases, which con- tain as line assortments of jewellery as are to be found in the city ; also gold and silver watches of both European and American manufacture, the Columbus watches being made a specialty ; diamonds anil other precious stones ; solid silver and plated ware ; ornamental clocks and bronzes ; and a great variety of useful and fancy articles suitable for all occasions. Watch and ..lock repairing receives prompt attention ; also r 'pan^ing jewellery, which is always executed in the l)est manner and guaranteed substantial and durable. He receives orders from all over Canada for his goods, which give the most perfect satisfaction. The business was established in i86i, and has been materially developed since then. Employment is given to six competent and skilled workmen. Mr. Lees is a Canadian by birth, having been born in Hamilton, but is of Scottish descent, his father being a native of Edinburgh He is a gentleman who, by his liberal dealing and business integrity, has won a host of friends and the esteem of all who know him. Mr. T. Lees also furni.shes the community with a large and vaiied assortment of optical goods ; lie is al.so the sole agent of the Spencer Optical Company, the Geneva Company of New York, and other first class optical companies. t i,- 44 CITY OF HAMILTON r r John Holman, Hamilton Gun Works, 79 James Street North. — In a wooded country like Ontario, where game abounds and sportsmen are plentiful, the trade of the gunsmith is an important and lucrative one. Among those most prom- inently connect- ed in this line of business in Ham- ilton is the Ham- iltonGunWorks, of which Mr. John Holman is the proprietor. This gen'leman i s a native of London, Eng., and has resided in this country for 25 years. It was in the city of London, under one of the best gun makers in the trade, that he learned all the intricacies of the business, and perfected himself for his present position. He is one of the best gun makers in the Dominion, and manufactures every portion of the gun, from the forgings to the finished article. The repu- tation for the superior quality of the arms manufac- tured by him has spread throughout Ontario and the North- West, and even to the Maritime Provinces, and he is constantly in receipt of orders from sports- men in scattered sections throughout the country, who have seen and used his guns and appreciated their merits. He is also an extensive dealer in re- volvers, fishing tackle, and all kinds of sporting goods. He gives employment to four competent and skilled -workmen, who are under his immediate supervision. Mr. Holman makes a specialty of choke boring, and guarantees a pattern of 200 pellets of No. 6 English chilled shot in a 30 inch circle at 40 yards. He is the only gunsmith in Hamilton running by steam nower in his workshop. He has also just imported from England, at a great expense, a complete set of stock-bending machinery, which is only used in the largest factories in England, and he has purchased the entire right to use the same in Canada. Mr. Holman has been established in business in Hamilton for eight years, and has built up an enviable trade throughout Canada. The premises occupied by him are spacious and commodious, being 16x150 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, with a factory of 50x20 feet in the rear, and are eligibly situated in the heart of the city. A specialty is made of skate grinding, which is done on the celebrated Halifax principle ol hollow face, many thousands of pairs being sharpened each season, the work extending to all the princijjal centres of population in the Dominion, Mr. Holman is a thorough man of business, upright and honorable in all his dealings, and has won the esteem of the community. A. Hunter, Books and Stationery, 52 James Street North. — Both books and stationery are two very necessary lines of morcbandise in the present generation. With cheap postage people generally can better afford to write often to their friends, while the development of business increases in marked proportion the merchant's mails. Again in this age the adage holds good that " of the making of books there is no end." One of the leading stores in this line on James Street in Hamilton is that conducted by Mr. A. Hunter, which is located at No. 52, and is 1 8x100 feet in dimensions ; employment being given to two asi^istants. This business was established in 188 2. and has materially increased since its inception. M" tlunter carries in stock a full line of stationery, such as writing paper by the quire or in boxes, both plain and fancy, for ladies' or gentlemen's use, pens, ink, pencils, mucilage, etc. ; also standard works and works of fiction. He also has a lending library, renting books on moderate terms. Mr. Hunter is a native of Montreal and a young man of push and enterprise, and well qualified to achieve success in his business undertaking. John Colvin, Family Grocer, 136 James Street North. — Popular among the family grocers located on James .Street North, in Hamilton, is the well- known one of John Colvin, of 136 on that thorough- fare, which has been established since 1880. Here may be found a complete stock of staple and fancy groceries, table delicacies, condiments, hermetically sealed goods, imported China and Japan tecs ; coffees from Java, Africa and South America ; the I best brands of flour, hams, butter, lard, etc., and all j kinds of provisions. Mr. Colvin has made it a i point to keep nothing but the liest quality of goods, and by this principle of business has established a I most excellent trade, which is constantly on the i increase. He employs two courteous assistants, and ; uses a waggon in the delivery of goods to customers, I who are mostly located in the city. His store is well I fitted up, and suitably arranged for transacting his business. He is a native of Ireland, but has resided I in this country thirty years. He is a courteous gen- ! tleinan, and by his honorable methods of dealing has i won for himself a host of friends. O. D. Membery, Feather Bed and Mattress Renovator, etc., 155 James Street North. — Among the many special industries of Hamilton must be mentioned that of the manufacture of feather beds, mattresses and pillows, and the renovating of the same. In this line of industry must be specially noticed G. D. Membery, who is located at 155 James Street North, where he has V)een established for the past six months, although previously in Barrie for three years in the same business. The premises occupied are 22x45 feet in dimensions. He manufactures all kinds of feather beds, mattresses and pillows, and also renovates the same, work being called for and delivered free of charge. He also deals in bed springs, bedsteads, etc. The excellent quality of his work hia aiicadyassure'l him flattering success. Mr. Membery is a native of Canada, a practical workman, and is highly respected. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 45 John Wait & Son, Merchant Tailors, McNat) Street North. — The tailor's art has reached such per- fection within recent years, that even the most un- f^ainly — those whom nature has forgotten to complete or completed too well— can now he made to look a fairly well proportioned figure, the tailor's art cover- ing a multitude of sins with regard to form. But there are tailors and tailors, and it is sometimes diffi- i cult to pitch on the right one ; when he is found, he ' ought to he appreciateil at liis proper value. Ilamil- ; ton is iilessed with a tailor of the right sort, or, more ' correctly, with a firm of them, Messrs. John Watt & ' Son. Mr. Watt, the senior member, established the ' business of the present firm in 1869, and in 1882 formed a copartnerslii]) with his son, Alexander Watt. The trade at the outset was insignificant, but owing to the quality of goods kept in stock, and the tini>h and fit of the clothing turned out, the trade rapidly grew, and Mr. Watt had a large and ever widening circle of patrons. Their trade is now one of the liest in the city of the kind, the customers beirg of the superior class. Messrs. Watt make a specialty of fine tailoring, and no other establishment in the city can give better satisfaction. The firm is one of the best known in Hamilton. Mr. John Watt is a native of Scotland, and came to this city more than 30 years ago. Mr. Bearman, is a Canadian liy birth, and a popular host. He looks well after the comfort of his guests, and takes general supervision of all the branches of his extensive business. He is a gentleman well known to the travelling public who have made his house their headquarters when in the city, and is highly esteemed f)y them. Jp E. Martin, House Furnishing (loods, etc., 114 James Street North. — There are many people in every community, however otherwise well to do, who cannot afford to purchase furniture and other house furnishing goods and pay for them in ready cash. To these people the instalment plan is a veritable boon, for by moderate weekly payments, which are scarcely felt, they may obtain such goods as they require on easy terms. Prominent amongst those who make a business in this line is Mr. J. E. Mar- tin, of No. 114 Jumes Street North, Hamilt(jn, who has been established for the past one and a half years, having been previously for four years with Mr. Adams in the same line of business. He keeps in stock to select from house furnishing goods of every description, croc .ery and glassware, pic- tures, clocks, silver-ware, lamps, baby cnrriages, etc., etc., which he sells on the instalment plan on easy terms, taking weekly pay- ments for the same. Since being in ^fei business, he has built up a good trade by his courteous manner and honora- ble dealing. The premises occupied by him are 18x35 feet in dimensions, and he gives employment to two as- sistants, besides agents on the road. He is a Canadian by birth , and up- right and straightforward in all his business transactions. American Hotel, F. W. Bearman, proprietor, corner of King and Charles Streets. — Prominent among the old established and leading hotels in Hamilton is the American, of which Mr. F. W. Bearman has been the popular proprietor for the last twenty- five years, and has earned an enviable reputation with the travelling public. There are fifty well-lighted an: well-furnished bedrooms, handsome parlors, sitting rooms and dining room. The cuisine is unexcelled by any hotel in the city, and the r/ienu all that the most fastidious could desire. The attendants are also courteous and obliging. The building is a large brick structure, 60x100 feet in dimensions and three stories in height, eligibly located in the centre of the city at the corner of King and Charles .Streets. The hotel contains an excellent bar, well stocked with the choicest foreign anil domestic wines, liquors and cigars. Employment is given to seventeen assistants in the different departments of the business. The hotel is also the headquarters and office of the omnibus and general stage lines. The proprietor, das. Plllip tc Son, Manufac- turers and Dealers in Harness, etc., 3 York "Street and 4 Market Street. — Mr. James Philp, the senior mem- ber of this firm, commenced business some 25 years ago in Hamilton, and within more recent years his son joined him. A complete and well- appointed stock of harness, saddlery, etc., is constantly on hand. The firm make a specialty of fine harness and turf hoots ; ordered work is also made a specialty of, and satis- faction can be always guaranteed of any work turntd out by this firm. All their harness is hand-made, substantially executed and tastefully finished. The firm of James Philp & Son is widely known lor excellence of workmanship, and for straightforward and upright dealing. The business has grown from almost nothing but brains, energy and perseverance ; these formed the most of Mr. Philp's capital when he commenced business. During Mr. j'hilii's ex- perience in business he has had three copartnership changes, namely, Philp it David'son, Philp \ Kobertson, and lastly, James Philp <.V Son. The members of the existing firm are Messr.^. lames Philp and F. W. Philp. Mr. Philp is a young man of much energy and "go," and bids fair to follow in the footsteps of his father. Bolh members are highly respected wherever they are known. Mr. James Philp is a native of England, and came to Canada many years ago. :5 / I i 46 CITY OF HAMILTON I ill ■*•„ h •""'' t \m •> P'ii' |ES> . >) r'i 3 u Edison Lamp Com- pany, 26 King William Street, C. V. Stilwell, superintendent. —In 1883 the Edison Lamp CompaRy*^ of Newark, New Jersey, opened a branch in Hamilton with the view of introducing the Edison System of incandescent light through- out the whole Dominion of Canada. Although only three yv-'ars old, the Edison Lamp Company have already made a splendid record in Canada, there being already in use in the Dominion 10,000 of the lamps of this Company. The factory, which is far too small for so rapidly an increasing trade, is 25x50 feet in dimen- sions, and five stories high. The light produced by this Com- pany is Incandescent. Two dynamo machines, capable of running 1.75 lights, are required to furnish the necessary current used in the manufacture of the lamps and for the lighting of the works. It may be briefly stated with regard to the Edison system that an electric current passes through a carbonized bamboo and burns in vacuum. There are ten lamps to the horse-power, giving a guaranteed average light of 800 hours, and which fre(iuently attains 2,000 hours. The lamp is free from any danger of tire, cool, and e.isily adjustable. There is no smoke or smell, and the light is perfectly steady. Eor the home or office there could be nothing better. If the carlwn breaks the lamp, it is simply screwed oflf and a new one put in its place. By turning the switch at the top the lamp is lit, thus reducing lime and labor to a minimum. The officers of the Company are Messrs. Thomas A. Edison, president; F. R. Upton, manager and treasurer; Samuel Insull, secretary; and William ilolzer, super- intendent. Mr. C. F. Siilwell, who is superintendent of the Hamilton branch, is an American, a native of New Jersey. He is a young man of excellent busi- ness qualities, with a thorough knowledge of the system ; is energetic, and eminently qualified for the position he holds, The general agent of this Com- pany is Mr. A. J. Lawson, 28 Eraser Buildings, Montreal. pied are 20x45 '^et in dimensions, and handsomely fitted up and suitable for the reciuirements of the trade, He gives employment to four assistants, and uses a horse and waggon for the delivery of goods through- out the city. Mr. Mackay is a native of Hamilton, and served an apprenticeship to his present business with the firm of A. Turner & Co., now Jas. Turner & Co., of this city, while, previous to going into busi- ness in his present location, he was in the general ticket agent's office of the North Missouri Railroad, in St. Louis, Mo., and in the engineer's office of the Great Western line, in this city. He was also clerk in the Post Office for two years. He is a gentleman of push and business ability, and is much respected by all who know him. He is a member of the Hamilton Board of Trade. R. Spenoe & Co., Hand-cut Cast Steel Files and Rasps, 222 King Street East.— When the busi- ness of the Beech File Works was established in 1872, it was simply to recut files. But they were so well cut, and the trade in that line increased so rapidly, that in 1879 the Company was reorgan- ized as manufactuT^?" of files, and is now the mo^t important of the kind in Canada. The business is not only coextensive with the Dominion, but extends to Central and South America. The Beech File Works manufacture only hand-cut files and rasps of i V Thomas Mackay, Family Grocer, cor. King and McNab Streets. — The business of the family grocer is one that takes a most important place among the business enterprises of a commfnity, for it embraces the necessaries of life as well as its luxuries. Prominently engaged in this line of trade in the city of Hamilton is Mr. Thomas Mackay, whose store is located at the corner of King and McNab Streets. This gentleman has been engaged in the business since 1873, and from a comparatively small bei;inning has Inn ft it up to flattering propor- tions. This has been due principally to the excellent quality of the goods carried, as well as to his per- sistent industry and liberal deahng. He carries a very large and complete stock of fancy and staple groceries, the finest of teas from China and Japan, coffees from Java and Rio, the best brands of flour ; also condiments, hermetically sealed goods, table delicacies, starch, crackers ; also house brooms, tubs, washboards, etc. He also imports the choicest wines and liquors of absolute purity. The premises occu- the best cast steel. The steel is received in the bar, and made into files from the finest to the coarsest. Before it becomes a marketable article as a file, the material is put through forty- two hands, including first the forging from the bar, then grinding, cutting, tempering and finishing. The factory, which is three stories high, is 20x120 feet in dimensions, and is fitted up with all the latest machinery in this line ; a largestafT of skillful workmen is employed, and the work turned out is unsurpassed on the continent for its superior quality. AH the files being hand-cut, they are much to be pieferred to machine-cut files. A .specialty is made of horse rasps, which in workmanship and durability are unequalled Mr. A. T. B lond, the manager, is a gentleman of wide experience in the manufacture of files ; he is competent and energetic, takes a deep interest in the work, and is in every respect the right man in the right place. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 47 id handsomely Us of the trade, nts, and uses a ;oods through- ! of Hamilton, resent business Jas. Turner & ling into busi- n the general iouri Railroad, s ofifice of the was also clerk s a gentleman uch respected lember of the ist Steel Files ^'hen the busi- jstablished in ; they were so increased so was renrgan- now the most he business is ti, but extends i Beech File and rasps of *<* 1, i iiil M " 1 ■ '1 ,!■', 1 'ijii ^ 1 11 1 ^ .1 ^ i y is mk Ived in the |est to the ible article |iigh forty- Irom the finishing, is 20XI20 II the latest III workmen isurpassed . All the pieferred made of I durability lanager, is inufacture kes a deep the right I MalOOlm Cc 8out«r, Furniture, Carpets and j\ House Furnishings, 67 and C>g King Street West.— 1^ -J'he well-known furniture and carpet store of Messrs. ^lalcolm i\: Souter has been established for over forty y ears. From its inception until one year ago "it was conducted by the late Mr. James keid, at which time Messrs. Malcolm & Souter succeeded that gentleman. The present firm has conducted the l)usiness in the most successful manner, extend- ing their facilities and trade. The premises are large and spacious, being 60x120 feet in dimensions and four stories in height, the building being a hand- some and substantially built structure. The ware- rooms contain a large and varied assortment of all kinds of fashionable household furniture, parlor and chamber suites, etc. ; also beds and bedding, hair mattresses, camp cots, folding chairs ; also a beauti- ful stock of imported carpets and general house furnishings in all the latest designs, which they receive direct from the most celebrated makers. The furniture they manufacture themselves in iheir aTljoining tactoiy, which is 40x60 feet in dimension s ana inree stories in height, containing all tne latest and most improved machinery and appliances used in the trade, employment being furnished to 35 competent workmen. The business of the house is large, extending through the city and ]3rovince, and under the able management of the firm has become one of the best known furniture and carpet houses in this section of the country. As a criterion of their work, their furniture exhibit carried off the diploma at the laie Central Fair in Hamilton overall com- petitors for the best display of furniture (manufactured by themselves) and general house furnishings, and was acknowledged by everyone as the finest exhibit in their line that has ever been shown in Hamilton. Mr. Malcolm is a native of Scotland, and has resided in this country for twenty-two years. Mr. Souter is also of Scottish birth, and has been a resident of Canada for the past eighteen years. Both gentlemen are well versed in every detail ot their extensive business, and are highly esteemed in the community. James Crawford, Wholesale and Retail Con- fectioner, 38 King Street West. — The confectionery and pastry trade is one that is well represented in Hamilton, many very handsomely fitted up stores being devoted to this line of business. Among those prominently identified with it is Mr. James Crawford, of No. 38 King Street West. The business was estab- lished nine years ago by Mr. A. Walker, who was succeeded by the present proprietor in .1 88j . since which time the patronage has materially increased. Mr. Crawford manufactures all kinds of confection- ery, but only from the purest materials, no adultera- tion being allowed. He also has a widespread reputation for the excellent quality of his pastry, and customers send from all over the city for it. His trade is both wholesale and retail. He makes a specialty of wedding cakes to order, and in connection with his other business has handsomely fitted up lunch and oyster parlors, where ladies and gentlemen can obtain excellent refresh- ment. Special attention is given to catering, and in this line the house is absolutely unsurpassed. The size of the premises is 22 x 55 feet in dimensions, and elegant in its appointments. Mr. Crawford is a native of Canada, and a practical confectioner and thorough business man, who by industry, persever- ance and ability, has built up an excellent and lucrative trade. Hanry Harding, Practical Plumber, Gas and Steam Fitter, etc., corner James and Cannon .Sts. — Prominent among the old established houses in the city of Hamilton is that of Henry Harding, corner of James and Cannon Streets. This business was originally established by Mr. Ceorge Harding, in 1847, who in 1852 was succeeded by his brother rienry, the present proprietor. The busi- ness conducted is that of a practical plumber, gas and sieam fitter ; also dealer in water, steam antl gas fixtures, baths, water closets, wash basins, pumps, iron and lead pipes. The business now extends throughout the city and surrounding country, and is a steadily increasing one. The premises occupied are 24x40 feet in dimensions. Mr. Harding is a native of Ireland, but has resided in this country for the past 35 years, all of which he has been in his present business. He is a practical workman, and supervises all work turned out from his shop, antl guarantees the utmost satisfaction. He is an excellent business nian, and holds the respect and esteem of the com nninity. F. L. Cherrler, Grocer, 15 Market Square.— This is one of the oldest grocery establishments in the city. It was in 1855 when Mr. Cherrier opened a small grocery store, and the business which was then established has become (me of the best grocery trades in the city of a retail character. Mr. Cherrier keeps a complete stock of groceries, including wines and li(luors. The trade is principally a family one, both city and country. Mr. Cherrier does not make a specialty of any of his goods, but keeps constantly on hand a well selected stock, which in its range and (piality, and in the prices asked, is not surpassed by any retail grocery store in Hamilton. The premises are 2ixSo feet in dimensions, embracing four stories, which are devoted to stock. In return for the large country trade Mr. Cherrier enjoys, he keeps a con- stant supply of fresh country produce, such as butter, eggs, etc. Mr. Cherrier is a native of Dundas, and came to Hamilton many years ago. He is the best known grocer in the city, and enjoys a first-class reputation, and has devoted himsell steadily to his business. Walter F. Wood, Boots and Shoes, 22 King Street West. — If there is one article of wearing apparel of more importance than another from a health point of view, it is that of boots or shoes ; therefore the business of the dealer in boots and shoes is an important one. Among the old established houses on King Street West is that of Walter F. Wood, whose establishment is located at 22 on that populous thoroughfare. This business was originally established JO years a go by Mr. John McLean, who sold out the good -will to the present proprietor one year ago. .Mr. Wood keeps a full line of the best boots and shoes in men's, women's and children's styles and sizes, and for quality and durability they are unsurpassed by any in the trade. The premises occupied are 15x65 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, and fitted up suitably to the requirements of the business con- ducted. The trade extends throughout the city and country, and is most flattering in its patronage. Mr. Wood gives ..-mployment to four assistants, who arer ade[)ts in thei. business. Mr. Wood is a Canadiars, by birth, and is a man well versed in his businesfy. He has by perseverance, energy and ability, built nre a line of custom that is flattering in its prop.6. 'Mr, He is a gentleman who merits and rean of good esteem of the community, and is alsoleemed in the the Board of Trade. § $ S5i a. 48 CITY OF HAMILTON i V I Dixon Brothars, Oysters, Fish, Fruits, etc., 33 King Street East.— The largest house in the city engaged in the importation ol fruit, etc., is that of Dixon Brothers, 33 King Street East. The business was established in i8j[o, and since that date this firm have enjoyed a growing trade. They import chiefly from England, France, Italy, Spain and the United States. ' They deal in all kinds of fresh fruits, foreign and domestic, and all kinds ot dried fruits. A specialty is made of foreign and domestic fresh fruits, fresh oysters and haddocks. They also deal extensively in oysters and smoked tish. In all their lines Messrs. Dixon Brothers enjoy a high reputation for the superior quality of their goods, keeping only the best, and for the liberal and advantageous terms which the facilities of their business enable them to offer to the trade. The warehouse, which is substantially built of brick, is large and commodious, being 20x132 feet, four stories high. Messrs. Dixon Brothers are natives of Hamilton, well known and h eld in high repute. W. E. Mayhow & Co., I^ry Goods, Millinery, etc., 8 King Street East.— That the "Ambitious City" is bound at no late day to take front rank among the commercial centres of the Dominion is evidenced by the number of new business enterprises that are constantly being started in the city. Among the late comers of prominence is the firm of \V. E. Mayhew & Co., dry goods and millinery merchants, of No. 38 King Street East. This firm established their business in September of this year un der flatter- ing auspices, whJth bodi! W6II lor tneir future success. The premises, which are 28x85 feet in dimensions and three stories in height, are completely stocked with a beautiful assortment of fancy and staple dry goods, mantles and gents' furnishings ; the entire stock, having been recently purchased from the lead- ing manufacturers, is all of the latest patterns and designs. The firm make up millinery to order and for stock, a staff of expert milliners being engaged for this purpose. Mr. W. E. Mayhew is a native of Canada, and a competent business man, full of energy and business enterprise, coupled with ability. He has been in business for the past 15 years, and we can safely say that there is no other man better posted. The firm also has a dress and mantle making depart- ment, where mantles and dresses are made up in latest styles with artistic taste, having the assistance of a first-class mantle and dress maker. Jamos Slater, Merchant Tailor, 54 King St. West. — Among the popular and prominent tailors of Hamilton worthy of special mention is Mr. James Slater, whose establishment is located at No. 54 King Street West. Mr. Slater is a practical tailor, and understands every branch of the business, having learned the trade with one of the best houses in Scotland. The premises occupied by him are com- modious and suitably fitted up for the re(|uirements of the business, being 15x53 feet in dimensions. Employment is given to 15 competent workmen, who are under the immediate supervision of Mr. Slater. The establishment is well stocked with a Jarge assortment of English, Scotch, Irish and s'^anadian woollens and domestic tweeds, specially vpported, and of the latest and most fashionable gr)velties for suitings, broadcloth, etc., which they cof and make to order in the niost fashionable style also'^cdprate prices. Mr. Slater controls a large delicacies, si^d from among the merchants and citizens washboards, eL°sideiits, by whom he is endorsed and and liquors of a."" his taste and skill in makir.g per- fect fitting stylish garments. Mr. Slater is a native of Scotland, and came to this country in 1872, be- coming established in business in 1879, since which time he h.is built up a splendid and steadily increas- ing business. He is well and f:. •orably known in the community, and popular with all who know him. F. O. Beokelt Engine Company, York Street. — This Company was established in 1870, and from its inception has enjoyed a large an(f?!eadily increasing business. The Beckett engines are well known in Canada, their reputation being second to none ; upwards of one thousand of them are now running in this country. For a first class serviceable engine, combining durability with elegance of finish, the Becketts are absolutely unrivalled. They are built of the following sizes : 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 3c. 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 horse-power, in every description, including patent automatic engines, 1 ortable farm engines, and also marine engines. Boilers of all sizes are kept in slock or made to order, portable saw mills, mining ma- chinery for gold, silver and copper, hoisting and pumping engines, flour mill machinery, shafting, pulleys, patent couplings, self-oiling hangers, etc. The premises occupied consist of a solid brick struc- ture, having dimensions of 120x300 feet and twa stories in height. About seventy-five hands in all are employed, skillful workmen being especially sought after by this Company. The principal pro- prietors are Mr. F. (i. Beckett and the firm of Copp Bros., the well-known stove and hollow-ware manu- facturers, whose place of business is immediately adjoining. Mr. Beckett, who manages the business, is well known throughout Ontario as being one of the best engineers of which the Province can boast. He has had a wide and varied experience in this line» in connection with which he is well and favorably known. The Hamilton Cotton Company, 184 Mary Street. — The Hamilton Cotton Company was estab- lished in 1880. the owners being Messrs. R. A. Lucas and fame's M. Young. The trade inaugurated by this Company has steadily increased, until now it extends from the Atlantic seaboard to the Pacific slope. The mills are substantial brick structures extending from Mary to Elgin Street, and occupying almost an entire block. There are 6,000 spindles in operation and fifty looms. The number of hands employed is 175 — men, women and boys ; nad a splendid engine is in use of 150 horse-power. With regard to the goods turned out they embrace cotton- ades, denims, beam warps, carpet warps, single yarn, hosiery yarns, ball knitting, cotton, cop yarns, twines of white and fancy colors, lamp wicks, boot web, skirt tape, belt web and stove wicks. A specialty is- made of hosiery yarns. The quality of goods turned out by this Company is so well known that it need not be referred to here. The Company have obtained a number of medals at the leading Canadian exhibi- tions for their exhibits, testifymg to their superior quality, being in fact unrivalled in the market. Ex- cellent management, combined with a thorough knowledge of the fabrics and their manufacture, has produced these results. The Hamilton Cotton Com- pany owes its birth to the National Policy, but its ex- istence and its progress to the energy; push and enterprise of the owners and manager. This Com- pany represents one of the leading industries of the city, and has contributed very materially in giving ot Hamilton its significance as the princi])al manuTac- turing centre of the Dominion. r?:presentative business men 40 MeCallum tc Hall, Furniture Dealers, 16 and 18 McNabSlreet North. — This is one of the most success- ful business houses in Hamilton. It is only two years ago (1884) since Messrs. McCalluni & Hall com- 1 menceJ business, and they have built up a ilrst-class I connection and a volume of trade in less time than any other house in the city. The premises occupied are 40x80 feet in dimensions, embracing two flats, which are mostly devoted to warerooms where a largo and well assorted stock is kept, including many costly bedroom and parlor suites, ^^essrs. MeCallum iV Hall manufacture all their own walnut furniture, and this class of goods is of a superior kind, and they pur- chase from the best makers throughout the Domiiiion, a cheaper class of goods, which can with confidence be recommended. A specialty is made of ordered work, satisfaction in each case being guaranteed. Messrs. MeCallum & Hall were connected with the establishment of the late James Reid for 16 and 12 years respectively ; they arc both young men, possessed of remarkable energy and perseverance, familiar with every detail of their trade, and of excellent business ability ; and judging from their already large trade, extending to Harrie. Orillia, Port Dover, Brantford, London and St. Thomas, it would be difficult even to conjecture the possi- bilities of the future. Both are natives of Hamiltun, and already take rank among the city's most suc- cessful men of business. Hartford Fir* insurance Co., Geo. Mc- Keand, Agent, 57 James Street North.— The Hart- ford Fire Insurance Company occupies a prominent position among the leading insurance companies of j the world, and affords that protection against loss guaranteed only by the most reliable organization of j this character. It was founded in i223»-*n<^ char- tered in 1 8 10, the cash capital' amounting to $1,250,000, the assets being $4,745,341, the surplus 1 over liabilities to policy-holders Ijeing $2,693,359. \ The Company accepts insurance against loss by fire on the most favorable terms, and is prompt in the settlement of losses, which is done without litigation. Mr. Geo. McKeand is the Hamilton agent for the Company, and his office is located at No. 57 James Street North, in Royal Hotel l>lock. Mr. McKeand is also agent for the Anchor line of steamers to Glasgow via Londonderry, the Inman Line to Queens- town and Liverpool, the Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Co. to Montreal and Quebec. He is a native of Scotland, and has resided in this country for 40 years, and has been established in business for the past 15 years. He is a reliable gentleman, and one who thoroughly understands every detail of his busi- ness, and is highly esteemed by the community. Rovoro House, John Staunton, Proprietor, 106 King Street East. — Hamilton is favored with many good hotels, which will compare favorably with those in any other city in the Dominion. Prominent among these is the Revere House, located at No. 106 King Street East, of which Mr. John Staunton is the pro- prietor. This house has been established under his management for the pastrjjieata^and has ever been popular with the travelhng public. It is a handsome structure, eligibly located in the business centre of the city, 30x150 feet in dimensions, and three stories in height, with mansard roof. It contains nine well ventilated and well lighted bedrooms, tastefully fur- nished parlor and sitting rooms, a large and hand- some dining room, an elegantly fitted-up bar, contain- ing foreigi and domestic wines and liquors, and the leading brands of cigars. The house al.«o contains a large billiard room with four tables. The rfietiu of the hotel is of the best, and is not excelled by any other house in the city, while the (ui.shic is faultless. The rates of the house are $1.50 per day, with special rates to regular boarders, of which there are finite a number. Lmployment is given to six courteous and attentive assistants. Mr. Staunton is a native of Montreal, and is a most popular host, well and favorably known to the travelling public. He super- vises all the details of his business, and sees lliai his guests are all carefully attended to, hence his success. John Harvey & Co., Wool Brokers and General Commission, 69 James .Street North. — Amorg the well-known wool brokers and commission merchants in Hamiltun are Messrs. John Harvey & Co., who are popular in the commercial community, and arc held in high rtgard as one of the most reliable and prompt business houses on " 'Change." They have been estal)- lislied in business for the i^a st 22 ye ars, and are largely engaged in wool and otherUffiffmi^ion transactions, handling the best grades of foreign wools suitable to the Canatlian market, and also dealing in and export- ing largely to the United States domestic wools. Their business in the Dominion is confined specially to the Provinces of Ontario and Quebec. The firm have an extensive acquaintance, and all who have business dealings with them speak in the highest terms of their ab-lity and efficiency, while they are always prompt and thoroughly reliable. Thev sell direct to the trade and for export, and are doing a large business. Consignments are solicited, and as they are well " posted " on the market, the highest ruling prices are obtained. They have a warehouse for storage of goods on Rebecca Street. Mr. John Harvey is a native of Scotland, imbued with all the sterling qualities of that race, and has been in this country for 31 years. He is a member of the Hamil- ton Board of Trade, and a gentleman who is highly esteemed in the community. J. E. Listsr & Co., Clothiers and Furnishers, corner Rebecca and James Streets. -^lamilton at least cannot complain of being poorly represented in gents' furnishing stores. No larger city certainly has more or a better class of stores in proportion to population. Among those in thi^ line doing business on James Street North are J. E. Lister & Co., who are worthy of special mention. They have been established in business for two years,, during which time they have built up a large and profitable trade, which is constantly on the increase. A full line of gents' furnishings, in the latest styles and novelties, may always be found in this establishment, which is located at the corner of Rebecca and James Streets. A very choice and perhaps the most extensive stock of hats and caps in Hamilton is carried by this firm. In addition to the usual importation of hats, they I have now a hat factory of their own in connection I with their retail branch. Their clothing store has I recently been fitted up with new and choice goods, i the products of English, Canadian and Scotch looms. I No one need leave their establishment without being pleased at the extent of the variety presented. The I two stores, which are fitted up in a suitable manner for their business, are each 40x100 (eet in dimensions, and eligibly located in the very heart of the city. Employment is given to eight assistants, who are courteous and ever willing to show goods. Mr. Lister is a Canadian by birth, a gentleman of good business qualifications, and is highly esteemed in the community. Hi' 1^ HAMILTON I ^. I*'!', i ■ ■Ml O. D. Blaohford, UnJertaker, 47 King Street West. — IlolUing a leading place aniciiR the old estab- lished business houses in the city of Hamilton is Mr, C. 1). Hlachford, undertaker, whose premises are located at No. 47 King .Street West. The busi- ness was originally established by Mr. Hlachford 's father 30 years ago, the present proprietor succeeding him in \ ^7d. He is well known as a funeral director and undertaker, and has always been regarded as a gentleman well lilted for the duties by reason of ex- perience, and the tender respect shown family and friends. He is careful and considerate, and can always be relied upon with the fullest contidence in the discharge of his duties. He gives his ])ersonal supervision to the direction of funerals, and furnishes all the requirements, incUuling caskets, furnishings, hearse, carriages, etc. He has ihree hearses, one of them being white for the funerals of children. Mr. Blachford is a native of Canada, and popular as a businessman and citizen. He takes an active in- terest in everything that lends to the advancement of the city and prosperity of the community. J. B. Kll^on, Photographer, 76 King Street West. — Withm the past few years there have been wonderful improvements made in the art of photo- graphy, until at the present day the productions are in very truth works of art of the highest class. There is no science that has developed so rapidly within the past 20 years. This business was estab- lished 15 yea rs ago, but Mr. Kitchen purchased it from Ni r . /. J . Millman one and a half years ago, and has since made many improvements and alterations in the business which have tended to increase his patronage. He does all kinds of photography ; en- largements finished in India ink, oil, or water-colors; also all kinds of commercial and mechancial works used as travellers" samples, etc. The office is located on the ground floor, and is handsomely fitted up, and contains specimens of work done, which are beauti- ful in design and finish, and cannot be excelled by those of any other photographer in the Dominion. The reception room is 13x40 feet in dimensions ; the operating room, on the second floor, 25x53 feet in dimensions; and the other, on the third floor, is 20x35 feet in di.iiensions ; each is fitted up in artistic style, and well adapted for the purposes required. Employ- ment is given to six competent assistants, who are courteous and painstaking with patrons. Mr. Kitchen is a native of Canada, and a skillful photographer. He is a gentleman who takes a deep interest in all that pertains to the welfare and progress of the city, and is highly esteemed in the community T. Clappison, Hooks, Stationery and Fancy Coods, 66 James Street North. — Among the promi- nent business houses in the City of Hamilton may be mentioned that of Mr. T. Clappison, dealer in books, stationery and fancy goods at 66 James Street North. He was for two years in the Opera House block, but the 1st of August last he removed to his present more commodious premises, where the business has been established for about a (juarter of a century. He keeps a complete stock ot books, ledgers, journals, (lay books, memorandum, grocers' and butchers' jiass books, pocket books, etc., also a full line of stationery, ladies' and commercial note papers and envelopes, by the quire, ream, or in boxes ; pencils, l)ens, inks, mucilage, and all such articles usually found in a first-class stationery store. He also has a very complete and handsome stock of fancy goods of all kinds well worthy Inspection. The premises, which are light, spaci(nis and commodious, are 18x45 feet in dimensions, and suitably fitted up for the re- (juirements of the business. Mr. Clappison is a native of Canada, and an excellent business man, full of energy, push, and steady perseverance, which ([uaiities have enabled him to build up, from a com- jiarativfly small beginning, his present large and constantly increasing business. He is a gentleman who is much esteemed in the community for his many social and business qualities. D. J. Kelly, Coal and Wood, etc., 135 James Street North.— In writing a detailed account of the industries of Hamilton, with some statements with regard to their individual enterprises that have con- duced so greatly to the benelit of the community, the fact that no little vitality has emanated from a traffic in coal must not be overlooked. This business was originally established by McKeever I'.ros. eleven years ago, who were succeeded by purchase, in 1 883, by the present proprietor. A wholesale and fBfSTI business in hard and soft coal, wood and coke, is transacted, the coal being ijnported direct from the mines by cars. The average sales of coal per annum amount to about 2,500 tons, while those of wood is about 6,000 cords ; a great deal of lumber is also sold direct from the cars. An extensive business is done, which is gradually but steadily increasing. The yards occupied are 60x150 feet in dimensions, fitted up with sheds, etc., for the proper storage of the wood and coal. Employment is furnished to fifteen hands and a number of horses and vaggons. Mr. Kelly is a native of Canada, and is a 'horough business man, upright and liberal in all hij business transactions, and highly respected in the community. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 61 Oharlas E. Morgan, (Jeneral Ticket Atjent, II James .Street Norlli. Tlie (jeneial ticket aKent is one who holds a iiroinineiit place in the travellinjj world. He is a focus, as it were, from which many railroad and steamshin lines divi-rne. A lady or gentleman in Hamilton, wishing to go to luiroije by steamship from New \'ork, steps into the office ol the Ol TreblOi Hats and (lentlemen's Furnish- ings, corner King and James Streets.- The gents' furnishings trade is one that reijuires a good deal of Campbell & Pantaeost, Dry Goods, 43 McNab .Street North. — Well directed energy and enterprise always tell, and the firm of Campl)ell iv: Pentecost furnish a good example. In 1S79, when the Hon. I^onald Mclnnes — at one time "one of the largest dry goods merchants' in Canada — was burned out, Messrs. Campbell & Pentecost bought up the sarplus stock, amounting to $8,000, and thus com- menced business. They keep constantly on hand a large stock of staple and fancy dry goods, including dress goods, cashmeres, silks, hosiery, shirting, tweeds, flannels, carpets, etc. ; bankrujit stocks are bought up at job prices, thus enabling this house to offer special inducements to customers, both as re- gards the price and (piality of goods. They purchase largely from the leading wholesale houses in Toronto and Montreal, the stock of Campbell & Pentecost being an exceptionally fine one. Goods are bought for cash, and a purely cash business is transacted ; small profits and quick returns being the rule at this house. The volume of trade enjoyed by this firm is one of the best of its kind in the city, as the stock in staple and fancy dry goods is not only complete and of first-class quality, but the prices are accessible even to the poorest. The premises, which are com- modious, are 30x130 feet in dimensions, embracing five flats, mostly devoted to their immense and well enterprise and ability to successfully conduct it. Among those prominently identified with the business in this city, and who meet all these requirements, is Mr. ,S. G. Treble, whose store is locateti at thecorner-* \. of King and James Streets. This business was estab- lished by him i n iS73^ and has met with unvarying — success since its inception, owing to the enterprise of the proprietor and the uniform excellent quality of the goods kept. Mr. Treble imports direct from the leading manufacturers his hats, caps and gents' fur- nishing goods in thelatest fashionable novelities, whicK he sells at the lowest possible prices. He is also manufacturer of the P. F. French yoke shirts, which are highly spoken of by all who have ever used them. The premises occupied by Mr. Treble are 40x56 feet in dimensions and three stories in height, where occupation is furnished to 35 hands ; while his trade extends throughout the Dominion, and is both whole- sale and retail. 'Mr. Treble is a Canadian by birth, and a gentleman who thoroughly understands all the reepiirements of his business. Mr. Treble also visits the Kuropean markets for the purchase of his stock every season. The house is also connected with the Hamilton Tie Manufacturing Company, which was established seven years ago. Mr. Treble is a member of the Board of Trade, and at the Exposition of 1883 obtained the silver medal. ft2 CITY OF HAMILTON •ri '>^0^2^J^ Namllton Business Collags, M. L. Kutmy, ; Trincipal, 2)i James Street South. —The i>ei>|)lc of Hamilton may justly he proud of their educational institutions, which will compare favorably with those of any (Aher city in the Dominion. While the common schools and academies jjive to scholars every opjior- tunity for a sound edvication, they do not meet the special want of those desiring a correct and exhaust- ive commercial etUication. To meet tiiis pressing; want several excellent institutions have heen estal)- lished in the leading cities in the Dominion, promi- nent among the numl)er being the Hamilton Business College, located at the south-west corner of James and King Streets. The object of this institution is to prepare young men and women for a business life by giving them a thorough practical drill in all the important branches of commercial education. The course generally takes six months for completion, but much Spends upon tlie aptness and mental capacity of the pupil ; and when the student has gone through this school, he or she can he confidently recommended to the V)usiness public as a competent accountant. The course emliraces book-keeping by single and double entry, commercial law, embracing negotial)le papers, contracts, partnershijis, agencies, interest, joint stock companies, etc., business correspondence, business arithmetic, penmanship, spelling, telegraphy, shorthand, (ierman, etc. The classes are from 9 a.m. to 12, and from 1.30 to 4 p.m., shorthand and German being taken up in the evening classes. Students may enter at any time. The course also embraces lectures by the Mayor and prominent busi- ness men and manufacturers. The College has been established four years, and has met with marked success. The officers are as follows : M. L. Rattray, Principal ; E. A. Geiger, Vice- Principal ; David Steele (regular) and S. T. Washington (occasional), Lecturers on Commercial Law. M. L. Rattray and E. A. Geiger are both memljers of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Ontario. Mr. M.L. Rattray, the Principal, is too well known in educational circles to require any special notice at our hands ; Mr. E. A. Geiger, Vice- Principal, is a gentleman ot marked ability, and teaches all the courses, including tele- graphy and shorthand. lie was in earlier life a telegraph operator and agent in the service of the Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Express Com- panies. The College is one that can confidently be recommended to the public. are in attendance. Mr. Carroll is a native of Hamil- ton, when' he received liis education, and established tiu>ines ^ nine years aL't i. He is a young gentleman of gooil business ([ualilications, pleasant in manner^ and highly esteemed in the community. H. O. Sonntag, Tobacconist, lo King Street West, i'rominent among the leading tobacconists of Hamilton is Mr. H, (). .Sonntag, whose estab- lishment is located at No. 10 King Street West. This business has been esta blished for tin - p.Ti* j '^ years, Messrs. Murray i*v: Smith being the first ))ro- prietors, from whom Mr, S(jnntag purchased it one year ago. In the short space of time that the latter gentleman has had it he has increased its d.iily sales over 800 per cent. To what is this remarkable in- crease attributable? simply to the superior quality of goods kept, and the indefatigable energy and en- terprise of the proprietor, Mr. Sonntag. He does the largest retail cigar business in the city, and keeps the finest lines of Havana and domestic cigars and tobaccos ; also smokers' articles of every description. A specialty is made of the celebrated "Damfino" brand, which is doubtless the best five cent cigar in Canada, and of which Mr. .Sonntag is patentee and sole manufacturer for the Dominion. He does a large wholesale and jobbing trade, which extends throughout Ontario. The premises are 25x100 feet in dimensions. Mr. Sonntag is an American by liirth, having been born in Brooklyn, N.V.,andis possessed of all the " go-aheadiveness " of that pro- gressive race. HeTias only been permanently located in Canada for one year, although he has visited it fre(|uently before. Mr. Sonntag thoroughly under- stands all that is to be understood of the business he so successfully conducts, and is a gentleman whose pleasing manners have won for him a host of friends and the esteem of the community. William Carrolli Tobacconist and Barber, Grand Opera House Building.— Among the many tobacco- nists' shops located on James Street, that of William Carroll is worthy of mention. It is located in the Grand Opera House Building, and is neatly fitted up, and contains a large and complete stock of foreign and domestic cigars and tobaccos of the most cele- brated brands ; also a full line of smokers' articles, such as briar wood and meerschaum pipes, cigar and cigarette holders, tobacco pouches, m.-'' '1 cases, etc., which are kept in great variety, and sold at the very lowest possible prices. The premises occupied are 20 X 45 feet in dimensions, in rear of the tobacco store being a barber shop fitted up with all the modern improvements, and where two courteous assistants Louis Seliwarz, Tobaccynist. 48 James Street North. — The city of Hamilton contains many old established business houses of prominence, leading among which, in the tobacconist line, is that of Mr. Louis Schwarz, whose store is located at No. 48 James Street north. This gentleman has been estab- lished in business for the p ast 2^ yea rs, and has, by industry and untiring perseveranceTl^uill up an ex- cellent trade, which is still on the increase. Mr. Schwarz carries a very complete stock of fine im- ported and domestic cigars and tobaccos, importing directly himself from the leading manufacturers in ; Havana and other ports. His long experience in the business has given him an excellent knowledge of all i the different ((ualities of cigars and tobaccos. He 1 also carries a full assortment of smokers' articles of i every description in meerschaum and briar root pipes, tobacco pouches, match cases, etc. The premises occupied are 23 x 75 feet in dimensions, and are handsomely fitted up. One assistant is given em- ployment. Mr. Schwarz is a native of Germany, but has resided in this country for the past thirty years. He is a gentleman of good business attainments, and is highly respected by all with whom he has social or business relations. |V UKPRESKNTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 08 King Street tobacconists vhose cstal)- itrect West. U>t; l?aM 3,'.-a ie Urst pro- haseii it one at the latter ts daily sales larkable in- or quality of gy and en- J. He does ', and keeps ' cigars and description. ' Oamtino '* :ent ci{;ar in itentee and He does a ch extends re 25x100 Imerican by • Y., and is f that pro- tly located visited it ly under- u sin ess he an whose of friends Josaph Mills If Son, Matters and Kurriers, 7 James Street North.— Canada is the great centre of the fur trade on this continent, and Hamilton con- tnins many business houses engaged in this line of industry. The oldest established house in this branch is that ol Joseph .Mills \ .Son, which was founded by Mjr. Joseph .Mill., so years ;i|^ o. when the Hinman, Millinery, etc , S James Street North.— Holing a leading jiiace amongst the milli nery establishments of the City of Ilamilton is the one conducted by Mrs. Hinman, whose jiremises are located at No S lames Street North, and nrc 16x50 feet in dimensions, and iiandsomely arranged for tlie (lis]il.ny of the goods contained tiierrin. Tlie busi- ness was established in Sei)teml'{r, 1SS2, since which time it has 1)een greatly deveiopPTl, .lliirnow com- mands an enviable custom, which is sleadiiv growing. Mrs. Hinman kee])s a very handsome line of millineiy goods in stock to select from, and makes up to order, lieing admirably adapted by a cultivated taste and THE LEADING MILLINERY HOUSEJ natural aptitude for this line of business, her opinion is eagerly sought after by the ladies, many of the leading families in the city being among her patrons. She also carries a full line of fancy goods and under- clothing. This lady gives employment to 35 assistants on an average, who are thoroughly competent to do the work entrusted to them, most of the goods being manufactured on the premi.ses. Mrs. Hinman has been a resident of Canada for the past 15 years, and is a lady posses'-ed of remarkable business ability as well as taste, which accounts for her enviable success. There is also a large assortment of ready-made cloth- ing which is imported from Europe, as well as a large stock of carefully selected jewellery of chaste design and execution. 'A '\ IS 56 CITY OF HAMILTON Oanadian Oil Company, i8 McNab Street, C. J. Williams, proprietor. — It is now over thirty years since liffl?d. Mr the first to ship petroleum out of Canada. The first sale of crude oil was made to a gentleman of New York for $200, who with others succeed- ed in utilizing the oil for purposes of illu- mination. In a shnrt time Mr. Williams associated with him Messrs. John Fisher, J. C. Jamison and Dean Fisher, and a company, with a cap- ital of $40,000, was formed, and named the "Canadian Oil Company." Mr. Wil- liams was appointed president, and in two years bought out all his partners, hut re- taining the name of the Company. The business is very large , including the export trade. The works below Wentworth Street, in the begin- ning quitesmall, soon extended until they covered an area of over 12 acres,and the capacity of the still and refining is 200 brls. daily. But ow- ing to the discovery of oil in the United States, yielded with- out labor, and the ap- pearance of rival Ca- nii'ilan oil companies which have since come to grief, the co- lossal business once enjoyed by the Cana- dian Oil Company is now somewhat cur- tailed. Still, owing to the superior finali- ty of the oil of this Company, which is the best and safest in the world, the Cana- dian Oil Company has yet a record to make in the future. The " Williams Safe Oil,^'ihe "Zero" and " Cylinder" oils, are th'' specialties of this Company. In 1862 a< London, England, V hen a most exten- ,ive, exhibition of il- luminating oil was made from all parts of the wor'd, this Company received the medal for the the Canadian Oil Company was estab- best illuminating and lubri .ating oils. Pa'ticular at- J. M. Williams, now registrar of the | tention is given in produc.ig high fire test oils, and at county of Wentworth, was the first to discover and ' an examination recently -lade by the Department of REPRESENTATIVi: BUSINESS MEN 67 Inland Revenue, the Williams oils stood the highest lest of any examined. In tracing the acccidents that have occurred from oil lamjis in the last twenty-live years, the result has been to establish tiie fact thai not one has occurred where Williams Safe Oil has been used. The Company manufacture the lir.est grades of lubricating oils, benzine and gasoline, anil import both illuminating and lubricating oils, which are sold at lowest market rales. Some years ago Mr. J. M. Williams sold out U) liis son, Mr. C. |. Williams, who bids fair to follow in the footsteps of his father, and maintain the reputation of the Company. Thomson & Wriy;ht, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in I'ineand Hardwood Lumber, etc. Yards: \'ork and Napier Streets. — Troininent among the limdier merchants of Hamilton is the firm of Thom- son (.V Wright, established in iSSl> . This firm does an excellent wholesale and retad trade in pine and hardwood lumber, lath, shingles, posts, etc., which ■ire the specialties. A heavy slock is carried of the different kinds of lumber, and few similar establish- ments in Hamilton do a larger general trade than that enjoyed by Messrs. Thomson \: Wright. In addition to the lumber trade they deal extensively in builders' supplies, supplying most of the builders in the city. They have three yards in Hamilton : one being on Napier Street, a second on Hess .Street, where a siding connects with the Grand Trunk Railway for shipping purposes ; the third at 107 York Street. This firm imports walnut largely for special purposes, of which they have almost the monopoly in the trade. The members of the firm are Messrs. Javr,es Thomson and Robert Wright. Patterson Bros., Builders, Manufacturers, etc., Cathcart, Robert and 15arton Streets. — In the lumber business alone, with which is conjo)nti' the manufac- turing of builders' supplies, the trade is a very con- siderable one, and constitutes one of the leading industries of this city. A number of firms, doing a very large trade, are engaged in this line, jirinciiial among whom we would mention that of Patterson Ikos., established in ^^878^ They manufacture and deal extensively in allTcmdsof lumber, handling some 6,000,000 feet annually. They manufacture all kinvls of builders' supplie.'i, uf which a complete stock is always on hand, and hnve facilities for turning out all kinds of wooden work of the best cjuality. Their rade, although principally local, is very large, and constantly increasing. They use the latest and most improved machinery, employ a large number of skill- ful workmen, and have facilities for the prompt shipping of orders far superior to any other in the city. Their yard and buiklings cover some 75iOOO stjuare feet altogether, an area which, while it conveys some idea of the immense trade carried on, is already found to be somewhat incommodious for the rapidly increasing trade of this firm. As speculative builders, Messrs. Patterson Bros, erect, on an average, about 150 houses annually. These houses are substantially built of various designs, and with all modern con- veniences. To all intending purchasers of a house or houses we would heaitily recommend those which Messrs. Patterson Bros, pi ice on the market. The individual members of this firm are Messrs. John Patterson and Thomas Patterson ; they are natives of the north of Ireland, but have spent the most of their lifetime in Canada. They are very well known in Hamilton, and enjoy a high reputation. Farmer BroSi, Photographers, 8 and 10 King Street West. — Among the most prominent of the many well-known jjopular photograjjhers of I lamilton is the firm of Farmer Bros., whose studio is located at Nos. 8 and 10 King Street West. They have kept pace with all the improvements that have been made in the art, and produce likenesses which for truthful- ness, l>eauty of outline and excellence of finish, are 1 not surpassed by any other first-class artists in the j city. The studio is neatly and tastefully arranged, j and is provided with every new appliance .known to the art. Messrs. P'armer Bros, are genllenien whose thorough knowledge of the photo- I graphic business, or art, has drawn around them the j best patronage of the city, and gained for them a I standard reputation which places them in the front j rank among the artists of acknowledged skill and j ability in the Dominion. Pictures of every style and I all sizes are made, and particular attention is given I to co[iying and enlarging photos, finishing them in j India ink, crayon jiasiels or water-colors, a specialty 1 being made of life-size portraits at the low irate of $10. The office is located on the main ! floor, the reciption room on the second, and the operating rooms on the third floor, employment b-ing given to eight assistants. Messrs. Farmer Bros, are thorough practical men, and lovers of their art. Joseph Cook, Family Butcher, 222 James Street North. — Prominent among the old established busi- ness houses in Hamilton is that of Joseph Cook, family butcher, whose premises are located at No, 222 James Street North. This gentleman has l)een establisheil in business for the j)asl iS years, and has succeeded in building up an excellent trade by the superior quality of the goods he keeps, coupled with steady perseverance, industry, and liberal and honor- able dealing in business. He keeps a splendid stock of the choicest lines of beef, mutton, veal, pork, etc., also the freshest of fruits and vegetables in season, j received direct from the markets every morning. I The premises occupied by him are 18x25 f'- •" dimen- ' sions, and suitably fitted up for the requirements of his business, with ice chamber, etc. He employs one j assistant, and uses a horse and waggon in the delivery j of his goods throughout the city. Mr. Cook is a ' native of England, and has resided in this country for ' the past 18 years, and has won the respect of all with whom he has been brought in contact. W« R. EeolestonOf Gents' Furnishings, etc., 138 King Street Fast. — Mr. Ecclestone began busi- ness in the early part of this year, and has so far made a marked success of it. His trade, which had a very small beginning, is already considerable, and continues increasing. This is a good augury of the future. Mr. Ecclestone carries a complete line of gents' furnishings, including ties of all sorts, shirts of every description, underwear, braces, socks, hats, caps, jewellery, furs, et '. An appreciative trade in done in ordered shirts, both white and woollen, goods which combine neat and tasteful make with durability. He receives the most of his goods from the best wholesale houses in Montreal, Toronto and London, and from two houses in Hamilton, one being for furnishings and the other for caps. The store, which is tastefully fitted up, is 25x75 feet in dimensions. Mr. Ecclestone is a native of the "Ambitious City," and although quite recently in Inisiness for himself, he has had a large experience in the trade. He is energetic and enterprising, pos- sesses first-rate business abilities. m 5d CITY OF HAMILTON 1^' I- W.M. MoLaren, Grocer, etc., 6 King William | Mr. Somervillc, they are veritable daubs. Home Street.— The subject of this sketch is a native of | industry should be supported, especially when it is Scotland. The most of his life he has spent in this | meritorious. The premises occupied by this gentle- country, his whole career being marked by earnest- 1 man are 13x60 feet in dimensions, and eligibly ness of purpose and steady application to business, j located on James Street. Mr. Someryille has resided Acquiring by birth habits of economy, and the in this country for many years. He is a gentleman turning to practical account his resources of time and who thoroughly understands his business, and is means, it was only a question of time when Mr. i deserving of success. He is highly esteemed in the McLaren would rank among the merchants of Mamil- i community. ton, and in due time he wil' become one of the most I prominent. In ji^Snlic s aried business under the! Walter WooilsJi Oo., Manufacturers of Hrooms, style and firm of McLaren & lames; and in 1882 ' \Vooden-ware, etc., 60 and 62 McNab Street North.-- Mr. James retired, leaving Mr. "McLaren in full con- 1 One of the most enterprising business establishments trol. A complete stock is carried of groceries, the ' of Hamilton is that of Walter Woods & Co., estab- quality of goods being second to none. The trade is principally a family one, including Hamilton and thirty miles around. Mr. McLaren also deals in fresh farm produce, such as butter, eggs, etc. The trade of this store, which at the outset was nothing, now averages over $100 a day. In the line of coffee alone the trade is so large that Mr. McLaren found it necessary to get a steam coffee mill, which stands in one of his windows. This is the only mill of its kind in the city. The store is 30x60 feet in dimensions, two stories high. Mr. McLaren, who is well known in Hamilton, is highly respected both so- cially and otherwise. WInslOW 8c Webber, Dealers in Carriage Wood - Work and Carriage ; Hardware, etc., 140 King St. West. — " The business of the above house has been established for the pnst ten years, having moved from their old stand, 56 King St. East. They deal in all kinds of carriage goods, hardware, etc., which they sell exclusively to carriage makers and black- smiths throughout the city and counties adjoining. The goods they carry are of the very best material, and bear an enviable reputation wherever sold, and their trade is constantly extending. The premises occupied, a three story building, are 20x47 feet in i brooms, has grown to immense proportions, embracing dimensions, with a large three story building, 30x85, \ within its scope the manufacture of the miscellaneous in the rear. Messrs. Winslow & Webber are Cana- branches of wooden and willow ware, grocers' sun- dians by birth, and thoroughly understand all the dries, paper, envelopes, etc' specialty is made of lished in 1871^ in Brantford, by Mr. Walter Woods, the senior 'member of the present firm. In 188 15 Mr. Woods associats Pi Olios 8t Co>i Geuernl Clothiers, corner James and King William Streets. — Amonjj;st the most important lines of business in a community, that of clothinij takes a leading position, especially amongst the cultivated classes. The city of Hamilton possesses many first-class clothins; houses, not least amongst which is the well-known house of \V. 1*. (Jiles A; Co., located at the corner of James and King William Streets, the premises being commodious, 25x40 feet in dimensions, and fitted up for the re- (|uiremenls of the business. This business was established by Messrs. John Calder & Co., whom ■the present firm succeeded. The firm keep on hand an excellent line of ready-made clothing in all the •latest styles of cut and fabrics, and no better assort- ment or class of goods can be found in any of the ., I'll-., McNali Siifel l''uuntlry. Occu- |)yiii|^ i\ liist pliui' aiiumnst llie .slovf niaiuiraiMiiiiTs of llaiuilltiii i?. ilu- Ml Nail Slift-I I'uuiuliy, npfiatcil by Missia. laiiii-, Si. wan iV Co. 'I'lu' foimiliy, in- diulinn wau'iiiuiii-, ulint-.s, I'U., comts a laifjc .space trade. Tlif meiiibers of the lirm are Messrs. James Stewart, John !•'. Stewart, \V. C. Stewart and Thos. C'i)ok. R. C. Cooper, (imcer, Wines and Liquors, 31 McNal) Street Nortii. — If it^were a question who ctintrihuted most to the pleasures of the table, the palm would unilouhiedly be ^iven to the grocer. The butcher .supplies us with choice steaks, chojjs and the delectable sirloin ; but the grocer provides us with the various apices and sauces which give to these tluii relish and richness. The baker, in anoihei direction, caters to our tastes -.vith breads plain and fancy and cakes rich and rare ; but is it not the grocer who supplies him with the various condiments, etc., without which he could have no vocation ? lUit still again the grocer provides us with coniniodiiies whereby we are enabled to enjoy still more the toothsome delicacies of the baker. The grocer is the princii>al as well as an auxiliary towanU the comiileting of a well appointed table, catering alike to the a>cetic, the gourmanil and the gourmet. In this connection the name of Mr. K. C. Cooper is readily suggestive. There is no better or more complete stock of groceries, wines and liciuors in any retail store than in that at 31 McNab Street North. Mr. Cooper makes a specialty of his Ci'tVees. and enjoys a wide reputation for thf'r e.xcel- lei>ce 01 quality. A supply of fresh country pro- duce \s always on hand, such as butter, eggs, etc. Mr. Cooper transacts a tirst-class family trade both in the city and country. He is well known in Hamilton, aad widely respected as an honorable and upright man. Mr. Cooper, who is a native of London, England, is a thorough man of business. Alexander Kay« Manufacturer of Electric Light and Plating M.ichines. 2S Bay Street North. — Mr, Alexander Kay, who has been in business since^Sy, is a gentleman of great mechanical skill and inge- nuity. The business in which he is engaged is one requiring more than ordinary ability, through which he has not only succeeded in his business, but is sup- of ground, being two-;hirds of the block bounded by McNab Street. Vme Street, Park Street and Merrick Street. The building Ironts on McNab Street, an imineu>e structure oi four stories. This rirm employs a staff of travellers, and the area covered is coexten- sive with the Dominion. The stoves, ranges, etc.. of this tiriii are wed known all over, and are second to none in durabiiily, tinish and elegance of design. .\n imHienise stock i>f stoves, ranges and base burners, is constantly on view at the wiuercH.>ms, and a vi>it there is well repaid in viewing the great variety of designs and excellence ot tinish. A specialty is made of the " Sultana" line of stoves, the merits of which are so well known in the maiket that c<.nnnient is unneces- sajy here. It is as long ago us 1^45 s ince the trade o( the McNab Street b'oundry xflfTSlabiished. At the outset it was comparatively in.signihcant, but it gradually grew in volume, and in extent of opera- tions, until it hai assumed its present colossal pro- portions, employing alx^ut 150 men. The firm also manufacture in every variety I'arior Coal CIrates and hot ajr Registers and Ventilators in ail sues and styles. The successof this tirni isentirely due to the gentlemen composing it. Scotch either by birth or descent, they have displayet-i throughout remarkable energy and perseverance, business ability of a high order, and a thorough knowledge oi' the minutest details of theii plementmg the trade he cn;<.'ys. year by year. The work he produces is of a tirst class character, satisfac- tion being guaranteed in each case. He does all sorts of electrical work, machine work of every de- scription, and electro-plating. Specialties are made oi electric light and plating machines, medical bat- teries, electric bells and call bells : also tailors"^ pressing machines. He manufactures annunciators- and all other electric apparatus. Mr. Kays trade i* not confined to Hamilton only, where it is large, but be has also a considerable connection outside the REPRKSKNTATIVE lU'SlXESS MKN 61 cit>, including Toronto. Mr. Kay is .1 n.iiive of Etiinhurgh, Scotianci, .ind possesses ail the energy ' .ind perseverance of hi> countrymen. Mr. Thomas j Kay, the son, is manager. He is a young man of' excellent business ability, and has a tlioiough know- ledge of theiletails of the l)usines^. He is a native ot i Hamilton, and, in common with his father, bears a I high character. W. E. Sanford Cc Co., Wholesale Clothiers, ' corner of King Street Kast and John Street. — The I largest clothing house in the Dominion, and one whose standard of ready-made clothing is second to none in the world, is that of \V. E, Sanford A; Co., Hamilton, Ontario. Established a quarter of a by the /ii: c entury ago by the present proprietor, .Mr. \\ . K. Sanrord, with a capital of $20,000, the trade of this houie has made mighty strides, outrivalling all contemporaries, until now it occupies the enviable po>,ition of being the first of its kind in Canada, with a capital invested of about $750,000. This immense concern has been built up by the genius of one mind — that of Nfr. W. E. Sanford— whose in- domitable energy, push and perseverance were equal to every emergency and every obstacle which pre- sented themselves. Tnewarehouse in which this house commenced business was the centre one of the three buildings now occupied by W. E. Sanford ot Co. ; it had a frontage of 25 feet, three stories high, run- ning back half the length of the lot, with a small extension in the rear. This small store has now given way to one of the most handsome blocks of the city, with a frontage of 75x140 feet deep, four stories high, besides a commodious basement umler the entire building. The first year's sales of this great house amounted to $32,000 ; they now exceed a million a year. Some 2,000 hands are employed in the manufacturing of clothing, and the house is represented on the road by sixteen travellers. The whole establishment is a model of order. The otifice and staff, the Canadian and foreign buyers, the ware- house, the shipping room, the manufacturing depart- ment, the receiving room, the trimming room, the buttonhole department, are all controlled under their proper heads, who employ and discharge all help. In the basement are stored great piles of coarse materials for overcoating, in a room 60x25 feet. Here is also the bonded warehouse, 25x40, filled with imported goods. The engine room is also in the basement, with a thirty-horse power engine, which is used for the elevator, furnishing power for the cutting machines, and heating the building throughout by steam, while large coils of hose are attached, reach- ing all parts of this vast warehouse in case of fire. The ground floor is occupied in front by the general office and Mr. Sanford's private office. Back of these is an immense fire and burglar-proof vault, lined with steel plate and fastened with time locks. Two large rooms, one 25x60 and another 25x40, are devoted to the .shipping department, from which over $15,000 worth of goods are shipped daily to all parts of the Dominion in busy seasons. The second floor is divided into several departments filled with men's, boys' and youths' suitings of every grade and price. The third story is filled with varied piles of goods of all descriptions. The fourth story is more particu- larly the working part of the warehouse. One large room, 25x140 feet, is exclusively devoted to cutting. In this one room alone is displayed the labor-saving ingenuity of the head of this house. Here large piles of cloth are folded, stamped and marked by <:utters, then passed to the machines, and as the trimmings .uo prepare«.l ihoy go into the h.ands of the makers. The Pominion liovtrnmont have long felt tlu- want of h.iving their military go^xis m.mufacturevl in a uniform manner. No tirm in the Dominion could comjiete successfully against the I'.ouse of \V. E. .San- ford A- Co. ,. mi 1 during the p.tst two years they have had the contr.tct tor the militi.i clothing outtit?, of which they have .ilready turned out enormous quantities. Mr. Sanfoui h.\s lor .\ long period been one of Hamilton's most prominent citi.:ens. For some time he timk an active p.^rt in boanls of insurance, banks and educational institutions. He is vice-president of the Ladies' College, and still takes an active part in the I'oanl of Trade and svMiie other matters of a imblic character. Messrs \V. E, Sanford vS; Co. have a wliolesale house in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and sample rooms at St. John's. N.li., Cjuebec, Toronto, and Victoria. r..C. " Oeo> C« MorrisOHi Steam Engines and Hollers, Caroline Street North. — Mr. Morrison, who has been in business for the last 16 years, is one of those progressive men who are always abreast of the times, and frequently ahead of them. Although the works of Mr, Morrison are not so large as some in this city of a similar nature, the work he turns out cannot be excelled. As a manufacturer of steam engines and boilers, he occupies a front rank. It is not in the recent or novel improvements in the construction of engines in which Mr. Morrison excels. The points of excellence in his engines are their solid and sub- stantial construction, smoothness of action, without friction of any kind whatever, superior workmanship in design, finish and durabilit), combining all the best finalities of the best engines. With regard to the dirterent departments operated by Mr. Morrison, they embrace the manufacture of engines, from a 6-inch bore to up a 20-inch bore, boilers, steam ham- mers of various sizes antl of the most approved patterns, wood-yard machinery, tanks, stills, etc. But Mr. Morrison's enterprise iloes not stop there ; he builds incline railways on an improved .system ; for instance, the well known one at Bay View, which is 400 feet long. A specialty is made of repairing work, which is promptly atteniled to, satisfaction in each case being guaranteed. The whole of the work turned out by ^Ir. Morrison is of a superior (]uality, being quite up to the best standards established by the older and much larger works throughout the Dominion. The whole of the ground covered by Mr. Morrison's works and yard is 88x142, the machine shop and boiler room covering 100x38. The subject of this sketch deservedly enjoys a large and ever increasing business, which he has acquired solely by his own perseverance and ability. He is a native of Kirkintulloch, near Glasgow, Scotland, and is a worthy representative of his energetic and perse- vering race. 5 rrl f I i 02 CITY OF HAMILTON V' J. B. Falrgrl«va,C(ial, etc., 6 James St. South. — Ainonj; tl>f leading; busint'ss iiulustries of a. country, that coiinuctcil with coal is about tlie most important. Millions of dollars of capital are investeil in it, ami employment is given to lumdreds of thousands of men. .Stcan^ cars and vessels are utilized to carry it from one end of the continent to another and across the mighty ocean. Among those prominently iden- tified with the coal business in this city is j. H. Fairgrieve, whose olVice is located at No. 6 James Street South, the y.'irils being on the west of the (irand Trunk passenger station, on Stuart Street, wliich is convenient, as all the coal they import is brought entirely by rail. The sheds are 60x290 feet in -iimensijns, em|iloyment being given to 20 hamts, an.l 14 horses and carts are used in the conducting of tile business, an addition to the force being required ; in winter. Hesides the coal trade carried on, Mr ! Fairgrieve owns a propellor which is in the carrying | trade on the great lakes, and he has the agency for 1 the Allan line of steamers. Most of his coal is | brought from the lea. ling mines in the United States, 1 and sold both wholesale and retail, lie has been ! establisheil in business for the p.nst sixteen years, and | has built up a most flattering trade. Previous to , going into the mercantile business he was a ship captain, and sailed the lakes and the Gulf of St. Lawrence for many years. He also represented the city in the Hoard of Aldermen seven years ago. Mr. Fairgrieve is a Canadian by birth, an upright and honoi-able business man, liberal in all his transactions, and isi held in high esteem by the community at large. ' j BI«aS0's Hotal, Carl Hlaase, Proprietor, 72 and ; 74 James Street North. — Hamilton is noted for its; many good hotels ; notalily among these is the well- | known Blaase's Hotel, which has, under the able and | liberal management of Mr. Carl Blaase, the pro- prietor, become one of the most prominent in the city. It is desirably located at 72 and 74 James Street North, next to the old post office and in close '■ proximity to the market, the Gore and other points of ' interest, and the busy centre of trade and commerce. ; The building is large and commodious, and contains j ten hght and airy bedrooms, a parlor, sitting room, ! a pool room with two tables, and a handsomely j fitted up and well stocked bar room, where foreign and domestic wines, li([uors and cigars, etc., may j always be found. The dining room is large and well lighted, and the menu is one of the best in the [ city, all the delicacies of the season being served. I The cuisine is all that could lie desired. The hotel I offers excellent accommodation to American or Canadian tourists or commercial travellers. The proprietor, Mr. Carl Hlaase, is a native of Germany, but has resi<.ied in the United States ten years. He has been established in business in this city for the paat nint- venrs, nml is well known, and that favor- j auly, by tne travelling public. I Richard Briarlay, Druggist and Dispensing 1 Chemist, 14 King Street East.— Among the promi- nent and popular drug stores in Hamilton may be \ mentioned that of Mr. Richard Brierley, which is i located at No. 14 King Street East. This business was founded in ^^Suby Mr. Cartwright, who was succeeded by Mrrffl?Donald, who in turn gave place to Lyman Moore, which in time became Lyman Moore & Brierley, and in 1S73 ^^i^- Brierley bought out Lyman Moore, and has continued the business himself ever since, and conducted it successfully. The premises occupied are 18x85 f^^' '" dimensions, and handsomely fitted up and well stocked with fresh and pure drugs, and fancy and toilet articles, im- ported and domestic soaps, and perfumery and pro- prietary medicines of acknowledged merit. A special branch of the business is the compounding of pliysi- cians' prescriptions, which is specially supervised by Mr. Brierley, and can be relied upon for care and accuracy. Mr. Brierley is a Member of the Council of the Ontario College of I'harmacy ; lie is a native of England, and has been in this country for 29 years. He is a Justice of the Peace for Wentworlli county. He s a gentleman highly esteemed in thec(mimunity. D. H. Oould & Son, Boots and Shoes, l6z James Street North. — One of the well-known busi- ness houses in Hamilton is thejxipular boot and shoe establishment of Messrs. D. H. Gould & Son, oi 162 James Street North, who have a handsome store 15x60 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, which is fitted up with all the accessories of a first- class establishment. Here will always be found ii full and complete assortment of all kinds of boots and shoes for men, women and children in all grades, from the finest kid to the heavy kip boot, made up in all the latest fashionable styles ; also valises, satchels and trunks in all sizes. The firm has been established for five years, and they have had .sufficient experience to give them a perfect knowledge of the wants of the public, and they are prepared to meet all demands with promptness, and to guarantee satisfaction in every case, as the volume of business- they transact amply testifies. The stock of goods- carried is large and complete, including all the lead- ing fashionable styles, and will bear the most critical examination. Mr. D. H. Gould is a native of Eng- land, and has resided in this country for 25 years. His son is a native of Canada. Mr. Gould was in the fruit business in Hamilton foriSyearspreviou.* to going into that of boots and shoes ; tiis rnercantile career has been a most successful one, which was well deserved, for he devoted to it untiring energy and perseverance, and has won the esteem of the com- munity for his honorable dealing. Tha Photoglyptle Co.. 77 King St. West.— Am 'unviable repiltdfion in tne commercial world. The house is conducted upon the hitjhest principles of 1 ommercial integrity, and enjoys that success accord- ed only to those whose atVairs are manajjed with care and prudence. The premi^es occupied iiy the (inn at 56 MtNab Street are spacious and commodious, and afford every convenience for the storage of stock and business purpo.sts. The firm are he.ivy importers of teas, coffees, etc., as well as beinj^ sole agents for the Globe Baking I'owder for Hamilton and Toronto. Their business is entirely wholesale, and extenels throughout the whole iJominion ;t he (jualiiy of I hegoods carried by the house is so well estaljlished for excel- lence that they find their already p.Ntensive trade con- stantly increasing. Mr. W. II. McWatters is a Canadian by birth, and a native of Dumfries. He i.-> a gentleman who thoroughly understands the Inisiness he conducts in every particular, is energetic, per- severing, and a progressive merchant and public spirited citizen, and is popular in financial, local and commercial affairs. A> Vinoant d Co.« Chemists, etc., 230 James Street North. — One of the best conducted amongst the popular establishments for the sale of druRs and medicines in the city of Hamilton, is that of Messr.s. A. Vincent & Co., which is located at No. 230 James Street North, the premises being handsomely and suitably fitted up for the retiuirements of the trade, and are 22x45 f*^ct in dimensions. No name is more honorably associated with the trade than that of Mr. A. Vincent. He is a regular graduate of the Ontario College of Pharmacy. His business experience extends over ten years, and he is entirely familiar with drugs and their properties. As a practical chemist and druggist he makes a specially of physicians' prescriptions and difficult formula', and has become popular for the skill, exactitude and promptness with which he prepares them ; also the various drugs, chemicals, proprietary remedies, per- fumery, both domestic and foreign, toilet articles, oils, paints, nails, etc. Mr. Vincent is a native of England, and came to this country when but a child. He recently visited tl'.e land of his birth. He is a gentleman of good professional attainments, and is highly esteemed in the community. He has also an agency for telegraph and telephone. Patar Oorman, Hlack.smithing, Horseshoeing, etc., 162 King Street West. — The business conducted l)y Mr. Peter Gorman at 162 King Street West, as a Ijlacksmith, horseshoer and carriage maker, has been established for the past three yf-ys, aa tl has been remarkably successful during that time. All kinds of blacksmithing is promptly and carefully attended to, and the best of satisfaction is guaranteed. Mr. Gorman is also a manufacturer of carriages, buggies, waggons, etc., and his work will bear comparison with that of any other maker in the city for dura- bility and finish as well as style. He gives employ- ment to two competent and skillful workmen. He occupies two buildings, the blacksmith's shop being in front and facing on King Street, while the carriage shop is in a detached building in the rear. A good city Jrade is done, and some country orders are received. Mr. Gorman is a native of Ireland, and has resided in this country for forty years. He is a practical workman, a competent business man, •.'nd is much esteemed by all wbo know him. R. Oampball, M.iiuifaeturer of Stove Fire Uiick, etc., 40 M 5.' Souih l.oeke Street. An iiueiesting and instructi\e .\rtiele might be wiitten on the .ut of pottery, not only bee.uise it embr.ice? m.uiy bumches -trom the pl.iinest and most eoMUuouly vusevl attieie of earthen-ware to the antique <'ul delicately timshed works that adoin the halls, drawing r luck to biblical times. In the pre.Nem instance, howesei, we must coiiteiu oiir>elve> with nierelv reviewing brietly that branch oi the putter'> art caiutd >'u at the ll.uiiilton pottery by .Mr. Robert Campbell, 46 to jj South Locke Stieet. He inaiuifaetuie> what is known .IS l\o:kiuL;h,uu, yellow, terra cotta and eavlheii-ware, to which lie adil.s that of stove tire brick and art tiles for stoves. This is the only pottery of the kind in I Ontario, aiul ti> convey --ome idea to the uiiiniii.iud o\ the iialuie of the aiiiiles turned out, tluy iuihide tea-pots in gieat \.iiieiy, spittoons, bowls, pitchers, pudiliii^ dishes ami bed pans. III stove tire brick and ,iil iile. Mi. i'.uii|ibell enjoys a very large trade. suppl\iiig .dl the -lose manufacturers in Ontario with these goods. Mere- over, he furnishes most of the potteries throughout the Province with certain lines of goods ol which he is the sole manufacturer. The general trade in a large one, embracing Ontario .iiid tjuebec ; it is continually increasing in volume. Mr. Campbell operates twt) kilns, in each ot which from Slmj to i>uo saggers are placed a' a time. These kilns are heated to a tem]ieraiiire sulticieiil to melt iron; seven tons of coal are used at a time in each, and the pottery as it leaves the kiln has a bright and smooth siirlace. Mr. Campbell imports his clay exclusively from New Jersey, being of a very line i|ualit>. He has now carried on business as a potter since iSi^j, beinn a period of 27 years, a" '. he has enjoyed trtrmighuiii a high reputation for the (juality of his goods, Mr. Camiibell, who is a native of Ireland, has been a resident of Hamilton for 27 years, and throughoul hi.-; long and successful career he ha.s coiiibint-d push and perseverance with Inisiness enterprise. He was (me of the founders of the Campbell .Sewer Pipe Company. U|)right in his business lelatioiis, esti- mable as a citi/en, he is widely hoiioied both in Hamilton and elsewhere. K. Harriaon, I'amily lUiteher, 51 Jnmes Street South, — Amongst the business indusiriis ol a i mn nuinity there are noneof more importance than those rehuing to the necessaries of life. Among those preeminently engaged in the family but( her line iiiust be mentioned the old established house o( H. Harrison, which is located at 51 James Street Suiiih. He is sjiecially noted for the excrlleiil i)ii;iliiy of what he sujiplies, and conse()uenlly mimbcis aiii' 1 gsl his t/ieii/i'/f the first laiiiiliLS of the ciiy. lli- has been established twenty years, and his iiidoniii:d< i- perseverance, entt-rprlse, gflod jiKlguiciii, coo feel of lumber stored in the yards. They own timber limits, and have a saw mill in operation at Tioga, in the county of Siinci>e, and also in Sinclair and Uethunc town- ships, Muskoka District. Messrs. M. Hrennen & Sons do a very large trade, wholesale and retail, in the manufacture of lumber, lath, shingles, cedar posts They are also manufacturers and dealers in sash, doors, blinds, stairs, win.low and door frames ; mouldings being made a specialty, and thelradedone in this line alone is very considerable. I5anii and gig sawing, with wood-turning in all its branches, materi- ally supplement the traiie of this house, which exteiuis throughout the whole of Ontario. The members composing this firm are Canadians, well known, and who enjoy a tirst-class reputation. Strathroy Knlftlnf Co., James Watson, Pre sident, 6<) James Street North. — The Strathroy Knit- ting Co., whose otVice is located at 69 James Street North, are proprietors of the second largest knitting mill in Canada. The mill jiroperty in .Strathroy occupies a space of about 198 feet on b'ront Street by 165 feet on Head Street, the main building being four stories in height. The first tloor contains the dry room, picker, lapper, shoddy machine, willower, steam aryers, etc., finishing room, engine room, scouring dye house, boiler, etc. ; the second floor contains the knitting machinery, twisters, jacks, winders, rinishing, etc. ; the third tioor the cards, jacks, etc.; and ihe fourth floor wool sorting, raw material, warping, etc. The concern was lirst estab- lishetl in Ancaster eighteen years ago, a nd was known as the Ancaster KnKtmg Co., but t)eing burned out seven years ago, it was located at "SfVaThroy, and assumed the present name- It is a 7-set mil!, in which employment is given to about loo hands. The Company manufacture ladies' and gents' undershirts, and drawers and overshirts ; also Cardigans, hosiery, etc., and thetiuality of the goods is unsurpassed by any concern in Canada or the United States. The presi- dent is Mr. James Watson, who is a native of Scot- land, and is also the resident director of the Hamilton Powder Co. He is a gentleman well and favorably known in business circles. His son, Mr. R. McD. Watson, is the efficient secretary. AMehlaon ft Co., Retail Lumber Dealers, 56 and 58 Main Street. — Amongst the lumber dealers of Hamilton is the firm of Aitchison & Co. , estab- lished some twenty years ao;o. Beginning with the "day of small things," the trade of this firm has been a continuous growth, until now it is one of very considerable signilicance. In addition to a considerable retail trade in lumber, this firm operate a large planing mill, and turti out all kinds of boxes, including those used for the pack- ing o( dry goods, drugs and pork. Their trade in this line is significant, as Messrs. Aitchison «\: Co. are well known for the excellent (pialily of their workmanship and the superiority of material used. Planing mills have largely done away with the slow and tedious handwork universally in vogue not so many years ago ; and a large variety of completed woodwork can now be turned out with a minimum of time anil labor. Messrs. Aitchison & Co. manu- facture a complete line of builders' supplies also, and their trade is a largo and increasing one. The space covered by the factory and yard is 76x200 feet in dimensions, the whole being required for the opera- tion of the business. The members of this (irni are Messrs. William Aitchison and David Aitchison, They are natives of .Scotland ; and by industry and perseverance, energy and enterprise, they carved out for themselves an independent career, in which they have achieveil success. They are widely known and bear a high reputation. Victoria Mutual FIra Ina. Co., Wentworth Chambers, cor. James and Main .Streets. -Amongst the purely local insurance companies in Hamilton, that of the Victoria Mutual P'ire Insurance Company must be specially mentioned. This Company was first started twenty-three years ago, and is now the only purely Canadian insurance company in the city. Its business is confined entirely to property within range of the hydrants in Hamilton, The Company is purely mutual, assessments being made according to the losses incurred, which since its establishment have been e.xceedingly low. The Hamilton branch was started in 1869. The officers and directors of the Company are: Geo. H. Mills, Esq., Pre.sident ; James Cummings, Esq., Vice-President; Peter Hal- four, Esq., R. Kennedy, Esq., W. Kavanagh, I'^sq., George Sharp, Escj. ; and Mr. W. D. Booker, .Sec- retary. Mr. Peter Balfour, Jr., is the agent for Hamil- ton. Mr. Mills has been president of the Company since its formation in 1863, and was mayor of Hamil- ton in 1858. He is a public-spirited gentleman, and highly esteemed by all who know him, Mr, Booker, the secretary, is a native of England, but has resided in Canada many years, Mr, Balfour, Jr,, is a Canadian by birth, and a capable and painstaking gentleman, and one thoroughly qualified for his position. William Stawart, architect, Wentworth Cham- bers, James St, South and Main St, — The citizens of Hamilton may well feel proud of the architectural beauty of many of the buildings, both public and private, which adorn the thoroughfares Many of them are not surpassed by those of any other city in the Dominion, and it is to the genius of her archi- tects, as well as the liberality and public spirit of her citizens, that this is due. Prominent amongst the leading architects of Hamilton is Mr, William Stewart, whose offices are located in the Wentworth Chambers, corner of James and Main Streets. Mr. Stewart is a native of Toronto, and received his edu- cation and professional instruction in that city. In 1857 h e went to the United States, where he re- tnamecl until 1872 practising his profession, when he returned to Toronto, In that city he built the Exhi- bition buildings, the main building of which was begun and completed inside of ninety days. He also built the Hospital buildings in that city, several of th:: R E P R E S E N r A 1" \\ V. 1 ', r S I N E S S M K N 6ft for the pack- 'heir Iradt- in rhison A: tJo. :>lily of their iialerial used, ^•itli the sli)w v<>),'ue not so of completed 1 a iiiininium >^ Co. nianu- lies also, and The space X200 feet in 11- the opera- his lirni are Aitchison. industry and y carved out I which they f Known and VVentworth -Amongst Hamilton, -e Company >nipany was is now the ill the city, x^rty within Company is iccorciin{r to tablishment Iton hranch directors of President ; Peter iJal- lagh, Ksfj., >oker, Sec- for Hamil- ? Company ■of Hamil- eman, and Fr. Booker, las resided Jr-i is a ainstaking id for his 'th Cham- e citizens hitectural uIjIic and Many of ler city in ler archi- rit of her •ngst the William en t worth ts. Mr. his edu- :ity. In e he re- when he le Exhi- ich was He also »1 of th-- fire stations, police stations and tlie Mnrjj'H', In'siiles designing the heating arrangement of tiii; I'liiveisiiy buildings. In thi-, ciiy Mr. Stewart has iiuilt hcui- liful residences fur Mr. Jnhn i;a>twot)d, of liie Ham- ilton 7'ioic's, Mr. .\le\.iiider Hrucc and several others, jjesides remfxleiiing the Coilcgiaie Institute, and is at present completing the new Hoard uf Trade l>uild- ings and several others. He is a gentleman possess- ing r natural talent for his profession, of which he has made a life study, and which he lias developed tjy perseverance ami indomitable enterprise. 8. J> MoorOf Tinners' and Canners' Tools, Office find Factory : corner of \'ictoria .-\vcnue and King William .Street. — To Mr. .S. J. .Moore belongs the credit of introducing the manufacture of tinners' and canners' tools in Canada. P'ormerly these goods were imported from the United States, and their marketai)Ie value was necessarily much more than it has been during the past eleven ye.Trs^ or since .Mr. Moore introduced their manufacture in Canada. The factory is a handome brick structure standing in one of the best positions in the city, the departments em- braced being blacksmith's shop, foundry, machine Edward MeOrafh, Waggon Mamita.'.urcr, 41 laiiu'N Stui't Si'uih. The city of Haiuiiton w well represeiued in the dillereiii ti.ules and business in ilustiies, eomp.iriiig t.ivorably with tlu>se i>f any other city in the Duminitm. .Vmoiig the important lines may be mentioned that of waggon making, v>f which branch Mr. Fdward Met '.rath is a Kaviiiig repre siiilative, as he is one of the oMest '■s^abli^lled in till' i)Usine>s in the lity, basing bi'en located (or jo years at the s.\me pKu-e, No. 41 J.imes Street SouTFT \\ hill the Uu'-iness ua-. first started it \\,\s in a com paratively small way ; but iiy persevei.iiiee and indus try, coupled with perleot workman-hip and the excellent qualily of the material used, he has built ' up a trade which is unexcelled by any other in I the line in the city. The premises oicn|iied are 13OM50 feel in dimensions, and well adapted to ! the nnture of the business c.irried on, employment being given to eight eompeient workmen, whose work Sir. Metlrath personally suiurvises. He is a native of Ireland, but b-- has been a resiiU-ni of : Hamilton since boyhood. He is a geiitlein.in who is highly respected by all who know him lor bis Stirling business integrity and warm licartediifss He has, by his untiling etforts, earned a competence and a lucrative business. m shop and office ; one of the latest automatic cut ofl engines of finest design supplies the factory with power and steam healing. There is a large staffof men, none but skillful men being employed. The trade of this factory has steadily increased, and although there are now several factories of the same sort in the Dominion, the ratio of the business done has steadily increased. The fjuality of the work turned out, in general workmanship combined with ilurability, can- not be surpassed. He manufactures tinners' and canners' tools of every description, including sijuaring shears, circular shear;, double seaming machines, forming machines, and all tools in the tin trade ; also cornice breaks and fire grates. Mr. Moore has received both medals and diploma at various exhibi- tions In 1877, at Sydney, by the Agricultural Society of New South Wales, he received a bronze medal for an exhibit of tin tools. In 1880 he secured the first nrize and diploma at the Dominion Kxhibi- tion, Montreal ; an 1 in the same year the first prize and diploma at the Provincial Exhibition, Hamilton. In iSSiS, at the Industrial Exhibition, Toronto, he W9S awarded silver medal and diploma. dames Osborne tr Son, Kamily Cmrers, 4 James Street South. -The history of the business hi. use of James Osborne iV Son is almost coextensive with that of the city of Hamilton. Mr. James Osborne, the late head oi the (inn, was born in Kilmarnock, .'\yrshiie, Scotland, about threeipiailers of a century ago. In his native town he leceived his education, and in 1825 we (ind him as an appren- tice to the hardware trade Willi that love of adventure and desire to visit foreign lai ds inherent in the Scottish nature, young Osborne bade his native land good-by, and crossed ilif Atlantic to seek a home and fortune in the New World, arriving in Hamilton in the y^-ar lH.?2. .At that time there were only three country stores in the place, where lea and soap, sugar ami candles, mm and molas.ses, calicoes and other dress gooils, were sold promiscu- ously, the proprietors being John Young, (.'ollin Ferric, and F.benezer and John Stinson. John V'oung was a Kilmarnock man, and wiih him Mr. 1 Osborne obtained a situation as clerk. Hy in- | dustry, thrift and frugality he save 0« Dunn & Oo>f Imnortcrs and Manufac turers. Main .Street West. — The well known firm of W. ti. Dunn iV Co was established in JiiJj. Their cotTce, spices, baking powtler and mustard are IimiihI, perhaps, in every house in the Dominion. There is no linn so engaged l)etter known in the whole of Canaila than that of VV. (i. Dunn iV C"o. I'he mill, which is the largest in the Dominion, is a building of two stories, being j6\ioo feet in dimensions, while that which embraces the ofrict-s, \varero(un and store- room, is 120x40 feet. Messrs. W. CJ. Dunn & Co. import, roast and grind cutTee, spices, etc., and manufacture very largely mustard and baking powder. They import chietly from Mnglaml, and in the opera- tion of the mill only the latest and most improved machinery is in use. The baking powiler mmiulac- turcd by this firm is unsurpassed in (|uality, and the proof of this is its immense sale throughout the whole of the Dominion. The mustard is also with- out a rival and is as largely sold, and the coffee and si)ices, it is needless to say, hold their own against all competition. Messrs. W. (i. Dunn&Co. do the whole of their immense trade without travellers, a fact which speaks for itself in the face of so much- strong competition. W. J. F. Oordon, Builders' Supplies and Coal,. 108 James Street North. — Among the old established business houses in Hamilton, none have enjoyed a wider reputation, or a more extended patronage in their line, than that of W. J. V. Gordon, of No. 108 James Street North. This house has been established for the past 20 years at the same location, and is one of the landmarks of the city. The premises occupied are 25x165 feet in dimensions, which include the yards for storage of stock. Mr. Gordon deals ex- tensively in fire brick, fire clay, white brick, reil brick, Portland cement, hydraulic cement, water lime, quick lime, beach sand, calcined plaster, plasterers' hair, drain tile, Liverpool salt, rock salt, dairy salt,, and table salt. Heis also sole agent for the celebrated Thorold Water Lime. He deals also extensively in coal, which he sells from other yards at lowest market rates. He gives employment to five hands through- out the year, and uses three horses and waggons for the delivery of goods. Mr. Gordon is a native of Hamilton, where he was educated and learned his business, and where, by his industry and unflagging energy and enterprise, coupled with his strict methods of business integrity, he has built up an excellent trade, and has earned the respect of all who know him Patrick Ronan, Flour and Feed Merrhard, Market .Square. — The trade in flour and fe very important part of the business of thi .nbi- tious City," and engages the attention of soi if her largest capitalists and most expert Vnisiness im 11, any record of which would be incomplete that did not contain a notice of the establishment of Mr. Patrick Ronan, which is most desirably located at No. 2 on that centre of commercial activity, the Market Stiuare. i The premises are commodious and welladaptetl for the business, and stocked with a well selected assort ment of fiour of all the different grades and leading, brands ; also coarse flour and feed ; and for price and quality the goods are not surpassed by those of any other house in the city. Mr. Ronan first saw the light of day in the Emerald Isle, and came at aik early age to this country, his only capital when he entered on his present business being integrity, good health and indomitable energy ; with these, however, he has been able to build up his extensive business RKPRESENTATIVK BUSINESS MEN 67 > and Coal,, t-'siahlished enjoyed a itrona(,'e in of No. io8 established and is one es occupied iiclude the I deals ex- l>rick, red water lime, plasterers' dairy salt^ celebrated ensively in est market > through- aggons for native of arned his m flagging t methods excellent ;nowhii;n. .inbi- ( of her nicii, any did not • Patrick No. 2 on Hciuare. ipted for d assort leading rice and ■ of any saw the e at an 'hen he y. good iwever, >usin.es& .iiid lucrative trade, and lay by a respectalile compe- tency besides, while he is still in the |iiinie of life. The history of such men is iiui alone the iiistory of the city, but the history of the whole Dominion. Canada LIfa Aaauranoa Company, cstab lished 1847; Capital and I'tinds, over $8,000,000. lleadCMce: cor. Kin^' and James .Streets, Hamilton, ont. — In Canada, within recent years, a numlier ol durance companies have sprung into existence, •^several of which enjoy a lange income because they do a large business. Itut of all institutions of this kind, the Canada Life Assurance Company- the oldest and best known— outstrips every other insurance com- pany in the Dominion in the immense volume of its yearly business. During the year endini; 30th A|)ril, 1.SS6, new p -licies were issued for the amount of $5,486,4156.00, with new annual premiums of $IS8,- 023. 51. The total business in existence up to the same.ai estate. No advance is ever made upon purely personal security, so tlial the funds o( the share- holders will not be exposed to the danjjer of being svva...ped. The interests of the Hamilton Provident and Loan Society are cuefully looked after by Mr. H. I). Cameron, the treasurer and manager— a gen- tleman of wide experience and ability. lie takes a deep personal interest in the affairs of the society, and its success has been very largely due to his exer- tions. Mr. Cameron is a native of Scotland, and combines all the best (jualities of his countrymen. W. A. Froaman, Dealer in Wood and Coal, 169 James Stree' Nuriti.- The amount of business done in wood and coal in the city of Hamilton is very ex- tensive, and amounts to hundreds of thousands of dollars annually, large capitals beinc. invested in it. Among those prominently engaged in this line of business is Mr. W. A. Freeman, whose office and yards are located at 169 James Street North, being 65x140 feet in tlimensions, with sheds for coal and ,jr^^- Cummlng Brothers, Family Grocers, no James Street North. — The business conducted by Messrs. Gumming Brothers at 1 10 James Street is one well and favorably known in Hamilton. It was established in 18^. ami since its inception has met with marked a^fffsteady increase. Messrs. Gumming IJrolhers conduct their business upon the most gener- ous principles, and from the outset of their business career have always selected the best class of goods, and buy in such quantities as to meet the demands of a first-class custom. The system of conducting business brought them at once into prominence, and have gained them a solid, substantial reputation for reliability and integrity. The premi.es occupied consist of a commodious store I5x5t feet in dimen- sions, and suitably fitted up for the requirements of the business. Employment is given to two assistants, and a horse and waggon is used in the delivery of the goods. In the general stock of goods will be found everything choice in the line of imported, staple and fancy groceries, also hermetically sealed goods in tin and glass, table condiments and delicacies, alst) the finest green and black - teas and fragrant coftees, together with the leading ; brands of family flour, . and ail those articles which belong to the gro- t eery trade. Mr. \Vil- '< liam Gumming, the pro- prietor, is a native of .Scotland, and has resid- ed in Canada since 1872. He is a gentleman who thoroughly understands the retiuirements of his business in every detail, and merits the esteem of the community. Messrs. Cummings also sell the choice teas imported by Geo. Kerr, of Toronto. wood and builders' supplies, which latter is carried in large and complete assortments, such as lime, brick, cements, water lime, fire clay, plaster of Paris, Port- land cement, etc. The average annual output of coal done by Mr. Freem.an amounts to about 3,000 tons, while the cord wood averages 15,000 cords for the same length of time. Mr. Freeman gives employment to 15 hands, and uses nine horses and carts in the receipt and delivery of his supplies. The business has been established 1 1 years, and since its inception it has grown year by year, until it is now a very iin- portnnt industry. Mr. Freeman is a Canadian by birth, anil a gentleman of excellent business ([ualities, liiieral in his dealings, and of the utmost integrity in business ; he has won for himself a host of friends, and is highly esteemed by all classes of the community. Mr. Freeman has branch offices in the city, located as "follows: N. (i.oddard, 204 King Street West; Oluistead Bros., iSo Vork Street; Morgan Bros., 27 and 29 John Strett South ; and 1'. W. Freeman, i Ferguson Avenue. All orders left at any of these offices will be promptly delivered, there being tele- phone communication with them all and the head office. Moor* & Davis, Land Agents, etc., cor. James and KingjWilliam Sts.— At the head of the real estate and lantl agts. in Hamilton is the firm of Moore & Davis, established some 28 years ago. In i88j Mr. Davis retired from the firm, and Mr.W. G. Moore, son of the senior member, entered, the style of the old firm being still retained. The gentlemen now composing the firm are Messrs. W. P. Moore and W. G. Moore. A very large busi- ness is done in the negotiation of loans, selling and buying of real estate, and collecting rents, which is an important branch attended to by this firm ; they also conduct estates on an extensive scale. The firm of Mciore and Davis is well known in and beyond the city of Hamilton, and their judgment is relied upon with regard to real estate, and as to the nature of an investment. They do appraising both for public institutions and private parties, and Mr. Moore, the senior member, has frec]uently sat on « bitrations re- specting property. They publish a monthly circnlat on real estate, which is a first-class directory foi speculators, real estate men, and those intending tu invest in real estate. They are the agents for th' London and Lancashire Insurance Company. Mi W. P. Moore is an American by birih. and althougl' now well advanced in life, has still ihe vigor ami energy of a young man. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS xMEN 71 / Aa Hamilton & Co., Drugs, Chemicals, Paints, tributes for public occasions, amongst which may he etc., 2 King Street West.— Holding a leading place mentioned that presented by the 13th IJaltalion in among the old established business houses in llamil- memory of the laie Lieut. Fitch, who fell during the ton is that of A. Hamilton iV; Co., of King and James recent rebellion. He keeps ( suk i I il.tM.-^ iii.iiiiil.il iiii 111^'. I'l .t |>i I nil. u line ul iiiihisiiy, wiiii li ii'i|iiiirs niiii h skill ami |iiilieii<'c. Tlie Itur- liiigluii I il.iss < 'iiiii|iaii) , wliii li w.is fsial)iislu-il h\d^ ycitiM in;ii, i-^ mil' iiillii' iiiiihl iiii|iiii laiil in I Liniilluii III ilii'< liiaiirli III iii.lii-.liv. Till- iiii'IIiIk'is hI llic ( 'iiiii|iiiiiy an- Mi;.ii'>. »ifi.i(,'i' iiiiiluilniil ami Lyman MiMiic, nciilliiiii'li wlni, Miii'c lluy aci|lliii nl llic factniy. riic aica III iIk'Ii iiailr cxlcniK over (lio I )iiiiiii\iiin, .mil iiii ^;l.l-.^ lailms is luiii'i U.iown, its wnri's bi-iii^; .i| ilii' 111 si, .111.1 lii^;lily U'l'iiiiil in llu- niaikol. riic liuloiy, wliiih I-- n>mii\iiili.ni>, is luiilt in the till III .ij .111 .ln^;ll■, Ikiih; {iv>\ JikiM-M loct in iliinon siuiis. .Ml Uiiiils (i| wliiii' ^l.vss wiuU is iiniUil nut, iiuluilin^ l.\iii|> i'iiiiiiiiiNs, lanirin j^lotu's, lan)|is, iliii^^iisls' Imitli's, vlisiilliih' supplii's ami liiiit jars, riif annual .mtiuit aM'r.i^'s $i.'ii,i>i)o, wliifli ot>nvcys .1 |iicii\ ilcai iiiiM .».s tn llir i|uantily of ^ooils I'.irncil out ami s.ilil 111 .1 M-ir.stiiiu'. .\lto)^(tlKT, a'unit 150 iiii'ii, '.'iiNs ami ^;iils .uf t'nii>K>vtii. Mi. 11. 1-fi. ilie iii:'..iii^;ci , Is a \v;lass, anil the siuwss ol the (.'ompaiiy is l.\ij;i'l\ »lm.' to his v'\i-itions. Mr. Leo [Hisse.sse-. lirst- ela« Inisini'ss ahilitv, aiul is ener^oiie aiul jnishinj;. ami i.iU's ^leat inieiest in his ehatj;o. lie is an Ln^;li>'.un.>n, ivuirteons aiul jjtntleiuanly in hearing, aiul hivjlilv u'>i>eeivvl \\hiU'\ei he is known. William Aor«S, ILcm ami rnnier, IJ Kin^; Stuei I .1-.1 I luie i» siaueiv any artiele of wearing; a(>iMul thai ehaujjes nioic iieiiuently in style than hatsoveaps. Iheic is ihe stnini; stNle aiul the fall style, anii eaeh \eai stvs a viitVeieiu ehani;e. Amongst thivse i\\^\st pu>in'.nentlv uieiU'.iieil in this hianch oi uavie IS M'. William Acics, ot No. i; Kini; Street Hasi. rht- hiisincvs i,\nuhietev.l l>y this i;entlenian has Iv^-u esiAMi.vht\i siiue iS^^aiul has eoiuiniied iu sieadv j;«v>\\ih e\ei .sinee iT^neeption. The pre- tutM-s vvciipsevl Aiv »S\7-J ii-'^! m.iimensions and two »K»iK's u\ h<"j;h;. The stoie is haniisomely titteil up >»!ih pia'.e j^'-ivs show cases to exhibit the finer class oi jA;vsK!s. .i'.)0. thf suvn camcvi is extensive and well »avso»i<\l, with .\'l the 'at»rst styles iroin the leading ^>hA>i«Nc «t»it* ol tAUv»{v Aud. AtMerica. Ix'sides but* aiKi Cdjvs. Mr. Acres di.vs ,\ \ery extensive busiuess i« tutv which he manutactviies into caps, ^lovvs^ muts. tv>As. ca^^es. iiuntlcs and lolvs : in fact. .■iU hue* ot tui s;.\M4 His ttavie extends throughout we^tetti v'aiuuia .*.•. wt as Hnijsh ».'ohiiMbia. anvi he rH.s lUAav v>«-.,e«s tvi b'ngland. Mi. .\cres s a native ^t Keut. Kii^i and. and 'ms rcsidiM m this country for X? >"eA»v Hi- 1> X getueiiian of enet-gy and ivrsever- AJKV. AUsi \is a thori.>uj;h k,iK>wle\lge v>f his business. u) *ltivo Sf s»ve* cttiplovuient to lo sWilUxl hands. He !* hi^hiv e*:e*n!<\i by iil 'u the cxvmmuaity. WU J. S«4s«r« NVatchjuukei aik'. Jeweller. 70 King S;'.>.v: \\o^; A u^•s^^; the «ua«v lat elv estabhsh<;» , l bu.NiueK«. ■.lKlyl-sttH^s ir llaiuilxv^ v^roT^^v o- -lote is ihji; ^>j Vli. U ' v.ie<^ef. watchuia'vet Ai'.d eweljer, Ku>g Street West. I'hi* j(eu:;etujL.< .s:aN-ji>e\i the bus:ne*s in Mav last, lavi fus suvveevievi :i'. Alie4\.'v builviiu^ up ati excellent U*..i«> H* cau'es Jtt* eiegaiut *tvvk v'l Swiss .vnd Aa(«tN-«u wAtvhes. atKi t:i^;tush juk? Auteitcan iewel Ustx^ sucii A> «ax^» ctuuivS. weviuie^ aini keeivi rin^js, «*(>twiK». sbat stwvi* jiiKi ^lid bu!.:v>«s. etc., which he Mtti at tW «Mw« pvtwaNkr it k** in the luArket He » A »atciui»*k« M^ xwvUw by tiaxle. aod ^^levt^s to goin^ into Imsines.s for him.self had sevf ral vcais' e.xpcricnce in sniiie of the luading house.s of this city, and also as improver in several of the best liouses in Toronto, tie does all kinds of watch and jewcUeiv rejiairing at the shortest notice, and in the best man- ner. Tin- premises occii])ied by him are 20.\40 feel in dimensions, neatly lilted up and well stocked, jjiiployinent is gi\ en to one competent and courleou- assistant. .Mr. (ieiger is a Canadian by birth, and a gentleman of excellent business ({ualitics and ster- ling ability. Nathaniel Ooddardt Fruit, V'::\,, Uime, Con feciioiiery, 17.S King .Street West. — lloldir.ga promi nenl place among ihose engaged in the fruit, tisli .iiul game business in the city of llamil'.on is Mr. Nathaniel < Joddard, whose establishment is located at 17S King Street West, and is 24';45 feet in dimensions. This gentleman has been established in business for six and a half ye ars, jijc of which he was locateti at 204 king .'street Vest, but rec|uiring larger and more commodious premises, he removed four months ago to his present rpiarter.s, which are neatly titled up and suitably adapted to the retjuire- iiienls ol the business. Mr. Goddard carries an excellent and well-assorted slock of fruits in season ; ' tish and game direct from mountain, forest, lake and I stream ; and also a large stock of confectionery, his j specialties being, however, fruit, fish and game. I Mr. fioddard has earned the reputation of keeping llie tinesl class of goods in these lines in the city, and ■ he numbers amiing his patrons many of the first families. Mr. Cioddard gives employment to one assistant, anii uses a horse and waggon in the con- ducting of his business. He is a native of England, and has resided in this coun'iy for 14 years. He was in the same line oi business in Hastings, .St. Leonanl's, England, previous to coming to Canada, lie is a capab''' business man, and thoroughly undeistandstiie details of the business he so ably and successfullv conducts. llamas Walkor, Soap andC-indle Manufacturer, 10 and 21 Iby Street South. —Mr. James Walker, one of Hamilton's most influential and most highly respected citizens, bas ci-.nducted his large soap manufacturing business since iSjj . The qMality of soap •urned out by Mr. Walker is well known for its excellent quality, and the best prcx)f of this is that it ha-; held the market for nio'e than half a century against all competitors. Mr. Walker manufactures in very large quantities family soap and almond-scented soap, the former being the principal line, in which he enjoys a trade second to none. It is supplied to all the w lesale merchants throughout Western Ontario. A (ifty years' sale l>eing the best proof of its iiuality, no comment is necessary here. In addition. Mr. Walker manufactures candies, which are well known for thei sujvrior quality, but the days o( candles are nea-!v numl^rcti. The factor at Victoria Avenue North is a substantial stracture 12x1 X ;5 leet. three stories high. There is an engine o( S horse [x^wer. with a boiler of 20-hors f REPRESENTATIVE HI SI NESS MEN 73 Th« Burn & Robinson Manufacturing Company, 3 ami 5 Walnut Street, ami 12 ami 14 Mary Street. — The enterprise carrleil on by this Company was originally operated iimlci- tliilerent names, ami the present business was eslablisheil in iSJjr. Since its acquisition by the Burn iV Robinson .Tlanufacturing Comjiany the trade has very t;reatly increased both in extent and volume. They are manufacturers of Pressed, Stamped and Spun ware, in sheet Tin, Brass, Copper and Zinc ; Tinners" Trim- mings, .Mill Streei Niuiti. He lias.i \orv iie>iiably loc.Ued and well appi)nuod esiablishuuMil, coni.iMnug a l.nge as.'.ortment of the linesl .iiui purest drugs and uu'ili- cines, proprietary preparations oi aiknowledgeil merit and reputation, fancy toili'i artieles, perfumery of domestic and foreign niamilaoture, and all tt>i>se articles that belong to the business ol a pharmacist and druggist. Mr. lierrie is also the m.mufacluu'r of the I'erlection Baking I'owdcr, an article thai li.is met with particular lavor with the best cooks. This he sells at wholesale to the trade. His factory lor the manufacture of this .iiiicle is locited on King William Street. The providing and compounding ol physicians' ]irescriptions is a l)ranch of his business to which he gives tlie strictest attention, all moilern appliances to secure accuracy having been proxided. Mr. (.Jerric is a graduate of the Dntario College of Pharmacy, as is also his assistant. He is ,1 native of Canada, and is respected by the connnunily fur his ability ami strict integrity, Ontario Staant Blaouit and Confaotlon- ary Worka, i nt King Street West, I. C. Chilman, proprietor ; establisheil iHso. The most imiiortani of all imlustrit^>a^lfial which deals in the neci-ssaries of life, and the most imporlanl of all sucli is the " staff of life " bread. Next to lliat cumes meats of all descriptions. .Among thosi' most ])rominenlly engageil in the biead line in Hamilton is the old established ( )ntario Steam Biscuit and < 'onledionery Works, of which Mr I. C. Chilnian is the )iro|)rietor. This conci'rn svas founded as far back as 1S50, and has enjoyed a pros- perous and ever increasing business. The reputation of the house lor the evcelleiit (piality of the goods manufactured by them is such that they luid a ready marki-t throughout the city and country. 1 hey manufacture conleclioneiy of all descrip- tions, as well as liread, biscuits, etc., and nothing but the |)ure.t of goods are used. The i)remises occupied an- .5o.\l25 feel in I dimensions, with an I. about zjxdofeci, two stories in height. Tlie wareroom ami oIIji i- are mi front of the main buiMing, which is located at ri'> King St. West 'I'he bakeiy is on the main tlnor of ihe L ' building, and the confec:iionery clcpaiimeni up stairs. .Several horses anueen, Hess and Baiton Streets, I in which is usually stored 5,ooo,o 'y iniprovivg i\u. it will comparr fe on the conii- 'his Company n er, Mr. Willi:,,,, source, push ami "lentiy qualified [ot Water Ileat- Kast, Hamilton, clirectcci, always It profession or or the genius for Its expression o, erseverance can Jsoiute success. Stevenson, i.s a sn of foreman, 'he line which ter, the limit Regard to the ion rai.sed an , and deterred ■ early part of on his own fini.shed and 1st. Success trade is con- mi)ing work >w important ^ter heating, ' is made of *ork turned 5f any other s thoroughly ^tically and ong may he ers of Gro- 'ccupying a are Messrs. the largest Dominion. t. is one of s President ; Hamilton 3f the Ex- orlh-West- nd Pacific nada Life 'live Com- ; and has utation for integrity, ability and shrewdness. Coming to ! ^imil- ton in 186^ from Toronto, where he hail for some years been a partner in the old established firm of Jacques and Hays, he was instrumental in founding the late firm of Harvey, Stuart .V Co., which, after a period of twelve years— the iiu.sine.ss having jirospered —was succeeded by the firm of Stuart A- Macpherson ; and when .Mr. Macpherson retired, Mr. Stuart asso- ciated with him his son, J. J. Stuart, j.is. Stuart, and C. S. Scott, incorporating the firm .is a limited company, he himself l)eing jiresident. The building occupied ny them is in architectural design one of the leading commercial structures in Canada. It is built of pressed brick, four stories, with freestone copings, trunnions and sills, with French plate- glass windows. Immense cjuantities of teas, sugars, staple and othergroceriesareconstantly kept in stock; while in another extensive warehou.sc close by are ktpt exclusively the large importations of sugar from the West Indies. The bu.siness of this house extends throughout the whole of the west. They are repre- sented on the road by a competent staff of travellers, and year by year the sales are steadily increasing, Mona Iron Works, Osbome-Killey Manufac- turing Co., 117 Barton Street East.— The extensive trade now carried on by the Osborne-Killey Manufac- turing Co. was established a number of years ago by Mr. j. H. Killey, who began business with the "day of small things." I n 1884 t he present Company suc- ceeded J. H. Killey cV Uo.,''an(l since that date the operations of the trade have been greatly widened in extent and increased in volume. The works of the Company have been erected on the latest approved plans, with every convenience, embracing the latest and most approved machinery and tools, which have been added at great expense. This Company has hus special facilities for turning out a very large quantity of work ot uneciualled cpiality, in the shortest possible time. The Osborne-Killey Manufacturing Co. are hydraulic and mechanical engineers, iron and brass founders, and manufacturers of marine, loco- motive and land boilers, steam and fire engines and pumping engines. The reputation of this Company is so high for furnishing only the best of work and material in their engines, and are so well known throughout the length and breadth of Canada, that any reference made on the sui)ject seems almost out of place ; suffice it, in the present instance, merely to summarise the essential features claimed by the Osborne-Killey engines —simplicity of parts, economy of maintenance and fuel, moderate first cost, ease of handling, comparative facility with which the speed can be changed, perfect regularity of rotation under all loads, superior quality of workmanship, good pro- portion of parts to resist strains, balanced reciproca- tion insuring smoothness of action, compactness and large wearing surface on moving parts. The " O. K." steam hre engine manufactured by this Company is, beyond a doubt, superior to any other ever manufac- tured. This new design has the combination of the piston engine with the rotary pump. The boiler being one of the most important parts of an engine of this description, is made of the best Siemens- Martin Dalzell steel five-sixteenths thick, and is intended for general work, to run with goto 120 lbs. pressure ; 150 lbs. can be carried with perfect safety. The engines are furnished complete with necessary tools, nozzles and suction hose, the latter being slung safely around the engine. The frame has a crane neck to allow of the turning of the engine in its own length. The engine and pump arc mounted upon a frame formed of two parallel wrought iron beams, and the whole engine, etc., is of the best wrought iron, and the carriage and attachments are on powerful spiral springs at both ends. This Company manufacture steam road rollers and steam stone breakers, these being used in this city and Kingston securing for the Company a high reputation. This Company have special facilities for turning out at short notice all kinds of iron and brass ca? tings, and keep in stock a varied assortment of pulleys, of which a specialty is made. The directors of the Company are Messrs. William Osborne, I'resident ; K. H. Osborne, Secre- tary-Treasurer ; J. H. Killey, Mechanical Superin- tendent. Operated conjointly with the above concern is the Hamilton Scale l-'.ictory, under the style of Osborne iV Co., for the manuiacture of improved S t a n tl a r d Scales for mills, eleva- tors, w a r e- houses, fac- tories, stores, and all styles of fa r m ers' hay and dairy scales. They are construc- ted on mathe- matical and thoroughly tested princi- ples, and are made by the most skillful workmen. Every scale is warranted to give entire satisfaction, and each, before being .shipped, is examined and stamped by the Government Inspector. The Osborne-Killey Manufacturing Co. and the Hamilton Scale Factory are represented by gentlemen who need no introduction here. Their names are synonymous with energy, enterprise and honor. Mr. J. H. Killey, a practical and experienced engineer of great ability and push, also stands high in the estimation of all. Ontario Rolling Mill Co., Hamilton.— One of the most important manufacturing industries of Ham- ilton is the Ontario Rolling Mill Co., established in l87Q. The Company is composed of a number of /Vmerican capitalists, gentlemen of enterprise, who recognize the advantage of introducing an industry of this kind in Hamilton, and the trade enjoyed by this Company ever since its inception has proved the correctness of their predictions; moreover, their .aost sanguine anticipations have already been surpassed, with reference to the volume and extent of the trade already acquired. The Ontario Rolling Mill Co. are manufacturers of merchant, band and bar iron ; tire, sleigh, shoe and bar steel, fish plates and special shapes. The rolling mills are specially adapted for the work undertaken, and every facility for the handling of material and products are embraced among the equipments of these mills. An army of men is em- ployed by the Ontario Rolling Mill Co., and the extent of ground covered is about three acres ; yet more room is wanted, so extensive is the trade carried on. Conjointly with the mills the same Company own and operate the nail works, for the manufacture of iron, steel and clinch nails, spikes, rivets and washers ; the works being at the same place. Officers : C. E. Doolittle, President; C. S. Wilcox, Vice-Presi- dent and Treasurer ; H. H. Willard, Secretary. I 76 CITY OF HAMILTON /A F. W. Faarmanf Curer of the Star Brand Hams, etc., 17 Mi'Nab St. N. — The largest and most im- portant packing house in the Dominion of Canada is that of F. \V. Koarman of this city, and who, with- out exception, also enjoys the largest business as a curer of hams, etc. The business was established thirty years ago, being at the outset very small. On an average there .ire now 21;, 000 hogs handled each season, while the general trade of the house is coex- tensive with the Dominion. Mr. Fearman is the curer of the well known " Star " brand of hams and bacons, being the finest in the market. The business of this h(nise is a most comjirehensive one, embrac- ing hams, shoulders, breakfast bacon, spiced rolls, bacon, smoked and salt, etc., in all the different cuts; mess and shortcut pork in barrels; smoked beef, Scotch rolled beef hams ; lard in tubs, pails, etc.; bologna, large and small; ham, chicken and tongue sausages ; fresh sausages, fresh pork, prime factory cheese, beans, green soup peas, English fine dairy salt, coarsesalt and dried apples. The packing house is on Rebecca .Street, and covers an acre, yard included. Fifty men are employed, and the Llest and most improved machinery is used for the making of sausages, etc. Mr. Fearman has associated with him his sons, Messrs. F. C Fearman, R. C. Fear- man, Harry Fearman and Frank Fearman. Mr. Fearman, who is an Englishman, was for some time | an alderman of the city, but was obliged to retire j owing to pressure of business. For a period ofi eighteen years he was a member of the Hamilton I .School Board, and returned as chairman of same, and | a director of the 1 lamilton Gas Company for a much | longer period of years. He is a well known and highly respectetl citizen of Hamilton. we should find that the stage coaches and vehicles of transit came from this factory. All over the Do- minion for half a century and more could be traced carriages, coaches, "buses, sleighs, and almost every sort of vehicle with the mark of this factory upon it. Messrs. \V. H. and H. Cooper are both young men. They are energetic, practical and enterprising, with a thorough knowledge of the details of the business, and fully alive to the most recent improvements in carriage building. In every respect they are f|uali- fied to sustain the traditions of the old firm. The extent of their trade is not equalled by any similar establishment in the Dominion, while the (luality of work turned out, being all high class, is unsurpassed. They have received many gold medals and such like, having been awarded them each time they competed. They keep an assortment of carriages, etc., on hand, as well as work being built to order, with which their whole time is occupied. The factory, which is a very large one, is operated by nearly one hundred hands ; new and improved machinery is used, but the carriages, etc., are all hand made, great care being taken to comiilete the work after the most improved and workmanlike manner. Hamilton Steam Coach Factory, H. G. Cooper & Co., carriage builders. 6 Park Streets. The business of the firm of H. G. Cooper & Co. as established fift^years ago, being one of the first of the kind in Canada. It was originally under the firm of J. M. Williams & Holmes, and subsequently Williams & Cooper. When Mr. Williams retired, the firm of II. G. Cooper & Co. was formed, which remains the style of the firm to the present day, but the business is now conducted by the sons, Messrs. W. H. and H. Cooper, and has been so during the past three years. The Messrs. Cooper build all classes of carriages, from the lightest to the heaviest landau, waggons, buggies, sleighs, cutters, etc., etc. The class of work turned out by the Messrs. Cooper is well-known throughout the Dominion, and for excellence is unsurpassed on this continent. If we retrace the history of the business, now so successfully carried on by the present firm, and go back to the days of stage coaches, when railways were unknown, Aahbourno Roller Mills, W. Webster, agents 8 Market Square. — It is now more than thirty years since Mr. Joseph Webster commenced busine^ as a miller at Bullock's Corner. Business having in- creased considerably, a store was opened in Hamilton for the sale of flour. This was twenty years ago. Mr. William Webster, his son, looked after the city business, and made it a success. Continuously trade increased, and it is now the largest of the kind in the city. In place of the old stone mill at Bullock's Corner, there is now a splendid roller mili of much greater proportions, and an additional one for the manufacture of pot barley. These mills have the best water power in Canada, there being a fall not far short of 80 feet. Mr. Wm. Webster ma'ies a specialty of his " Mikado" flour, which is of a very superior quality, and for which there is a large sale. Mr. Webster is well known and highly respected. He is a first-class man of business, combining tact and courtesy of manners with all the qualities that go- to make a success in the commercial world. James E. Doyle, Family Grocer, 220 James Street North. — Prominent among the family grocers located on James Street North is James E. Doyle, of No. 220 on that street. This gentleman has been established in the business for the past nine years, and by strict attention, thorough enterprise and in- domitable energy, he has built up an enviable custom. He keeps a full line of fancy and staple groceries, teas from China and Japan, fragrant cofTees from Java and South America, table delicacies, spices, condi- ments, hermetically sealed goods, the best brands of flour, butter, lard, eggs, etc., and all other goods usually found in a first-class grocery. He also keeps a full line of imported and domestic wines and liquors from the best distillers on the continent and the Dominion. The premises occupied are suitably arranged for the conducting of the business, and are 18x35 ^f^^ '" dimensions, employment being given ta one assistant, and a horse and waggon are used for the de!' ^ry of goods. Mr. Doyle is a native of Ire- land, 1 . has resided in this country since childhood. He is a thorough business man, upright and honora- ble in all his transactions, and held in the highest esteem by all who know him. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 77 Ontario Ootlon Mills Oo., McNal) Street.— Hamilton is a city wliicii takes hij^h rank as a nianu- lacturinj; centre. Its manufacturinf,' industries arc not only numerous, but many of thoni are very large anil influential, and operated l)y gentlemen who are second to none in ability and enterprise. One of the most thriving industries of Hamilton is the Ontario Cotton Mills Co. It was incorporated in the begin- ning of igJL. and began manufacturing in June, ih82. The premises are very extensive, and cover an entire lilock, bounded by James, McNab, .Sinicoe and Ferrie Streets, excepting a small portiim at the north- west corner, the whole area being 360x250. The buildings are substantial brick stru', an -, three stories high. The machinery is all new, (.mbracing the latest improvements by the best English and American makers. The capacity of the mills is 12,000 s])indles and 362 looms, from 36 to 72 inches wide. Steam power is supplied by a Harris Corliss engine of 500 horse power. With regard to the goods manufac- tured, they are principally colored stufils, and comprise cottonades, shirtings, denims, tickings, awnings, ■woven, fancy and plain ducks, shoe linings, etc. In white goods they manufacture ducks for agricultural implements, sail ducks, seamless bags, flour bags, carpet yarns, candle wick, twines and such like. The output of the whole machinery is ecjual to the enor- mous length of 2,500,000 yards of cloth per annum, or about 14,205 -miles. Taking the goods at an average width of one yard, it would completely cover a square of ground of 38 miles. Four hundred hai^ds are em- ployed, of whom 250 are women and girls, and 150 men, youths and boys. Some time ago ad'.iitional buildings were erected on F'errie and James Streets, in the same substantial style as those already occu- pied. These buildings, when in full running order, will add fully one-third more to the already great capacity of these mills. They were designed by W. A. Edwards, Esq., architect, while the other buildings were designed by James Balfour, Esq., architect, both well known gentlemen of standing in Hamilton. The officers of the Company are Messrs. John Harvey, President ; W. A. Robinson, Vice- President ; John Bell, Secretary-Treasurer ; and C, B. Snow, Manager ; selling agents, Messrs. F. Mc Elderry & Co., Montreal and Lower Provinces, and James S. Ogiivy, Toronto. The Hamilton Olaos Company: OfF ? and Works, 309 Hughson Street North. — Chief an >ngst the glass manufacturers of Canada is the Hami 'on Glass Company, the trade of which was establisi -4 thin^ears ago by George E. Tuckett & Co., ar. 1 soDsequently carried on by Rutherford & Co., unti' a stock company was formed, being compowd of Messrs. J. Winer, George E. Rutherford, Lymao Moore and Mrs. L. H. Brooks. Mr. George Ruther- ford is president, and Mr. Lyman Moore, vice- president and acting manager. The Hamilton Glass Company manufacture all kinds of green and colored glass bottles, telegraph insolaters, etc., and liave facilities for turning out bottles of any style what ever. The works are very extensive and cover an entire block, extending from Hughson Street 10 James Street, and from Picton Street to Maca liey Street. One hundred and fifty hands are emp'oyed, men and boys, and a seven-pot furnace (fi..d fiye- pot furnace which is now idle) is us' d to its utmost capacity. The departments Mnbrkcerl are : mould- ing shop, batch room — where ^c i'SgJfe^ients are mixed up — coloring room, a iarg« f>y this Company extends over the whole of the I Dominion, and supplies all the wholesale druggists in Caiiada with tiieir patent niedicinL" i)()ltles, ttc. This immense trade is conducted without any travellers whatever, ■.\ significant fact, which proves that the Hamilton (Jlass Company meet the wants of i the trade in every sense of the word. Moreover, the tradi* is constantly incrensing, and it is said by those who know that the Hamilton Glass company do the largest amount of shipping from the city of any j manufacturing concern in Hamilton. Tho Hamilton Brldfo and Tool Co., Stuart Street, opposite (i. T. R. Depot.— The lianiiilon Bridge and Tool Co. was established in 1872 and re- organized in i88j . under the management of Messrs. William Ilendne, President ; W. A. Robinson, Vice- I'resident ; A. T. Wood, Dennis Moore and Matthew Leggat, 1 )irectors ; John Stewart, Secretary-Treasurer, and C. Teiper, Engineer and Manager. The Dam- ilton Bridge and Tool Co. undertake thecr.nstruction of iron and steel bridges, viaducts, iron roofs, railway turn-tables, and structural iron work of every descrip- tion. They have been entrusted with many important contracts in bridge building, and the finest iron and steel bridges in Canada bear testimony to this fhct. Amongst these may be mentioned all bridges fifr the Ontario and Quebec Railway, and the bridges for the Northern and Pacific Junction Railway, extending from Gravenhurst to Callander, as also several for the Canadian Pacific Railway, now in course of erection. The swing bridge over Burlington Canal, on the Northern and North- Western Railway, being the long- est in Canada, was also constructed by this Company. The business of this Company extends over the whole of the Dominion. A specialty is made of iron roofs, and it was this Company who furnished the iron roof for the new drill shed in Montreal. The works and yard cover an area of some two acres ; the shops are fitted up in the most complete manner, having the latest and most improved machinery and tools, in- cluding the largest steam hammer in Canada, im- proved upsetting machines, steam and pneumatic riveters, and generally every heavy tool necessary for carrying on the manufacture of this branch of engi- neering. One hundred and fifty men are employed, and the constant pressure of work is so great that not only are they working night and ilay, but the Com- pany are repeatedly obliged to refuse many orders. Dako House, M. J. Dake, proprietor, corner James and .Murray Streets. — Among the popular hotels on James Street North, the Dake House holds a prominent place. It is located on the leading thoroughfare, near the heart of the city, and is con- venient for guests either for the railroad cars or lead- ing; lousiness houses. The business was established Mr. Dake four years ago, and has gained in pularity and patronage since its inception. The tei, which is 23x60 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, and substantially built of brick, contains eight light and airy bedrooms, a comfortable sitting room, dining room, kitchen and bar. The bar contains all the best brands of foreign and do- mestic cigars ; also wines and ales. The menu of the house is unexceptionable, and the cuisine perfect. Employment is given to two assistants. Mr. Dake is a Canadian by birth. He is a gentleman eminently qualified for the position of host, being of a genial temperament, and having an eye to the comfort of his guests. .♦ J / / 78 CITY OF HAMILTON Ife* k W i II! Dominion Hat Company, 120 King St. E., Mr. John Tunstead, nianat^er.- Prior to thecstablishinunt of the Dominion Hal Co., all tine goods in t lie hat line were imported from the United States. In *"'-'' \^''- Mr. [ohn Tunstead, the present manager of thoCom- rany, and a number of txher gentlemen, formed the )ominion Hat C"o. Owing toanaccident, by which Mr. Tunstead nearly lost his life, the progress of this Company suffered a serious break. On the 22nd of March, 1882, the steam curling tabic in the factory exploded, causing loss and damage to such an extent that the new enterprise could not stand. Mr. Tun- steatl was so severely injured that his life for a long time was despaired of. The Company having made a successful start, it was not impossible to revive it, notwithstanding the heavy loss sustained. Hut it was necessary to introduce new capital to keep the enterprise alive. Mr. James Walker, one of Hamil- ton's most highly respected citizens, came to the rescue. In July, 1882, Mr. Walker bought the plant, put in new machinery, and under the management of Mr. Tunstead, the Dominion Hat Company was again in full working order. P'rom that time to this its career has been one of remarkable success. Having removed from their old premises at the corner of Catherine and Rebecca Streets, which were soon iound to be too small for them, they occupy a splen- did building on King St. East. This structure has a frontage of 40 by a depth of 120 feet, and is four stories high. The basement is 30x40 feet, and is devoted to the storage of raw r>'^t.'rial. The second flat is divided into several comjiartments, comprising the packing room, 30x40 feet ; the chemical room, 40x20 feet, used for the storage of dye-stuflfs, shellac and glue, etc.; pouncing and engine room, the engine being 25-horse power, and the boiler 65, the whole being 48x38 feet ; here the lelt is made and the bodies prepared for the finishing room. Forming and blowing deuartment, 48x20, is where the fur is cleaned by machinery ; when the fur leaves this room it is ready for manufacturing into felt. Third flat, 30x40 feet, is trimming room, where the leather and silk linings are put in and the hats bound, bands put on, etc. , ready for shipping. The satin room and curling department occupies a room 40x20 feet, where the satin bands, bindings, etc., are kept, and where the hats are curled ready for the finishers. Then comes the drying room, supj)lied with hot air pipes for drying the hats preparatory to their being shaped. The fourth flat contains another finishing room, where the hats are blocked and prepared for curling and shipping ; the flue room, where the irons are heated by hot air apparatus for the finishers. The factory is heated by steam throughout, is lit by gas, and every room has a fire escape, so that the establishment, both as regards equipment and com- fort, is a first-class one. To Mr. Tunstead's energy and ability is due to a very large extent the success of the Company. The Company make a specialty of supplying the retail dealers direct from the factory ; they also send out their own travellers, and thus save to the retailer the middleman's profits. They manufacture all grades of fine fur, soft, stiff, felt and silk hats. The factory turns out on an average 100 dozen hats per week, and gives employment to some 80 hands. The hat-stifTening invented by Mr. Tun- stead, and in use at the factory, has aitled greatly towards the perfecting of this system of hat-making. To Mr. Walker, the proprietor, is due all praise for the pluck and promptitude he displayed in reviving this Company, and it is now a splendid monument to his far-reaching intelligence. «l. WInor Ir Oc, Wholesale Druggists, 23 and 25 King Street East. The oldest drug establishment in the city of Hamilton is that of J. Winer I'v Co. The late senior partner of this firm, j. Winer, who is an American, settled in Hamilton in the year 1829, and is thus the oldest inhabitant. He established the drug business in i S;o^ and for a period of fifty-six years has continued with uninterrupted success. In 1845 Mr. Winer's whole stock was swept away by tire. Though losing heavily by the calanuty, he did not lose courage, but being in good credit the busi- ness was soon under way again, in much better premi- ses. In 1848 Mr. C. N. Sims, of Montreal, entered into partnership with him, under the style of Winer iV Sims ; this continued for four years. In 1853 Mr. Lyman Moore was admitted, the firm being Winer, Moore & Co., which lasted till April 1857, when a partnership was formed under the present style. This continued until January of 1884, when Mr Winer retired from the business, and a copartnership be- tween ("leorge Rutherford, (jeorge Le Riche and John McHaffie was formed, the firm letaining the old name. In 1862 the retail department of the business was sold out, and since then it has been exclusively wholesale. From so long and active experience the firm have acquired a wide knowledge of the require- ments of the trade. They carry a complete stock. of drugs and druggists' requirements, imporiing ; from Great Hritain, Germany, France, Italy and the United States. They manufacture fine chemi cals, pharmaceutical preparations and perfumery. The warehouses are owned by the firm, and I form the handsome structure in the centre of the city, known as 23 and 25 King Street East, extending back to Main Street, a distance of 300 feet, facing on Prince's Square. The buildings are four stories high a'love the basement, which is commocMous, con- sisting of the offices, sample rooms, work rooms and packing rooms, etc. In these extensive premises every modern convenience for conducting a large trade is found, and the laboratory is in the hands of skillful chemists, ^All the members of this firm are thorough men of lousiness, competent and energetic. I{ !■: V It K S I-: N T A T W'V. H { ' S I N E S S M K N 79 'lous, con- W. M. Chapman li Sons, I'ndoriakers, 49 Kiiifj Street West. — Amonjj tlie leading; iiiiilertakers ill llaniiltim is the liriii of \V. M. Chapman \ Sons, wlio have been estahlislied in liusiness for the past 15 years, and is the ohlesl in the cily. They are IfWrpfTat No. 49 Riiij; Street West, the premises heing 20x40 feel in dimensions, and very haiul- ^olnely fitted up with glass sliow cases ranged aroun 1 tlie walls for the display of the coftins and caskets contained, many of them being veiy rich in material He was also I'resident of the Hamilton IJoard of Trade during the year of the St. John's, N. i;., (ire, and was greatly instrumental in sending substantial relief lo the sutferers from this cily. He is a gentle- man highly esteemed and respecteil in the community. Mr. Fin^ilay has recently been appointed deiieral Iiis|)ector of the liominion <'ott(in Manufacturers' Association, embracing the various cotton mills in Ontario, <^)uebec. New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. and design. The firm have two hearses for use in their busin-iss, waggons, etc. .Mr. W. M. Chap- man, who established the business, is dead, and Mr. Jesse Chapman now conducls it alone under the firm name as mentioned, he having bought out his brother Joshua's interest. lie is a gentleman who thoroughly understands all the details of the busi- ness, having had 20 years' experience, and gives the utmost attention to all the arrangements of funerals placed under his care, so that bereaved friends and relatives do not require to give their attention to matters of detail in their hour of mourning. Mr. Chapman is a Canadian by birth, and is a gentleman who bears a high reputation in the community, by whom he is held in the highest esteem. Mr. Chap- man also carries a complete line of society emblems, being the only house in the city that does so ; this firm is also the first that introduced embalming in the Dominion of Canada. W> F« Pindlajfi Public Accountant and Adjuster, etc., Wentworth Chambers, 25 James Street .South. — The profession of a public accountant and adjuster is an important one in any business community, and calls (or experience, marked with considerable ability, for a proper fulfilment of its duties. Prominent 1 amongst those engaged in this line of busintss in the j city ofllamillon is Mr. W. F. Findlay, whose office ' is located at 25 James Street South, in the Went- worth Chambers. Mr. P'indlay, besides being a practical accountant and adjuster, is also a financial and estate agent, and agent for the following first- class and reliable insurance companies : /Etna In- surance Company of Hartford (fire), London and Lancashire Fire Insurance Company of Liverpool, Western Assurance Company of Toronto (ocean and marine), Hritish and Foreign Marine Insurance Company of Liver|)ool (ocean). In all these well known companies Mr. Findlay effects policies at the most moderate rates, and in case of loss speedy settlements are made, Mr. Findlay adjusts all losses in his own district. He has taken charge of and settled up many large estates in this city and immediate vicinity, to the perfect satisfaction of all concerned. He is a na ive of .Scotland, and has re- sided in this country for thirty years. He is a public- spiritc'l gentleman, and closely identified with the city's best interests. He is Vice-President of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Ontario, which was chartered by special Act of the Ontario Legis- lature, with power to confer diplomas and certificates. Canada Pipe Foundry, Alex. Gartshore, pro- prietor, opposite C.T.R. Station. -The Canada Pipe Foundry was established in 1870 by Thomas ('owie \- Co. In 1877, Mr. .Alexander (lartshore, who has since so successfully conducted the business of ihe Canada Pipe Foundry, bought out the old firm. At this foundry all kinds of cast iron pipes are turned out, varying from 4 inches lo 4 feet in diameter. With regard lo length, the pipes are cast after the Ameri- can style, being in i2-feet lengths insleail of 9feet, as is the case in the Old Country. Mr. (iartshore, whose trade covers the whole of the Dominion, has been entrusted with many important conlri-ris ; amongst thee may be mentioned the entire pipe out- lit of the cily of London, emliracing 3,500 tons of pipes of all sizes, as aLso that of the city of Hamilton. The Canada Pipe Foundry, which is the largest and most important of the kind in the Dominion, turns out in addition rolling mill and machinery castings, and in fact all classes of casting work in d.'y sand, green sand and loam. The quality of the castings is unsurpasseil anywhere on the continent for general excellence, the only material useil being that of a superior quality. The foundry and yard covet alto- gether some two acres, and on an average 4,000 tons of pipes are turned out every year. The immense success of the Canada Pipe Foundry is due to the ability, energy and perseverance of"^ Mr. Gartshore, the sole proprietor. He is the son of the late Mr. John Gartshore, the eminent engineer and pioneer of the engineering industry in Dundas. He is well known in Hamilton and surrounding country for the integrity and genuineness of his character. He pos- sesses, moreover, social and other (jualities of a high order. Hamilton Iron Forging Co., corner Queen and Barton Streets. — The operative history of the Hamilton Iron Forging Co. dales from iStQ- Since that date it has acquired a very large traoerextend- ing over the whole of Ontario ; and uniler skillful and . able management, these works have steadily pro- I gressed. The Hamilton Iron Forging Co. forge all ' kinds of wrought iron, and among the forging turned ' out may be mentioned railway axles, steamboat shafting, and all kinds of heavy forging. In 1885 they added a rolling mill to the works, which turns out the finest grades of hammered liar iron, from five-sixteenihs of an inch, round and square, to 2% inches ; flats from ^^ of an inch to 4 inches in ; width, oval iron, halt oval, round and half round, in a great variety of sizes. The Hamilton Iron F'org- ing Co. are the only manufacturers in the Dominion of this kind of forged iron. The finest scraj) iron is only used by them for all their work, and as manu- facturers of fine grades of iron, their reputation is second to none in the Dominion. They have every facility for turning out all kinds of forcings, the plant being complete and of the latest and most approved style. Their .steam hammers have a , capacity of from six to eight tons a blow. They 1 turn out on an average 3,000 tons of finished bar 1 HO CITY OF HAMILTON iron nnnually, bcinp exclusive of ft larpe riuanllty of heavy forniiij^s, Thi' works cover allot^cllier a whole lilock, hcin^; l)oiin(l by lli-ss .Street on llie west, tjuecn Street oil the east, Stuart Street oil the nurlli and Hartoii Street on the soutli. There are between So and too men employed, tlie steam locomotion l)ein^; 175 horse-power. .Mr. lames Walker is President, .Mr. S. J. VVhitehc.id, Superin- tendent, and .Mr. 'I". 1). Heddoe, Manajjer, wiio, it may he mentioned, is a youn^ ^{entleman of (;reat enerj;y, capacity and perseverance, and to him and Mr. .S. I. Whitehead in a lar^e measure lielonjj 'he success of having built up the trade and enlai(;ed the facilities of the Hamilton Iron Forging Co. Canada Klavator Worka, corner (,)ueen and I'eter Streets; Leitch A Turnbull.- I"",stalilishei•!!llliHiilyl:!|i!i • •""" " !BH|#SSl!5ffi'3)ffiiiHli!i;,lJ:i;..i.::iimil'1!! " the heavier styles of hydraulic elevators. Every de- partment is heated with steam, and arrangements are about concluded to light the building with the electric light. With an experienceil staff of v/orkmen and the advantages named, we bespeak for them a con- tinuance of the success in the future which has characterized their efforts in the past. Heing the only establishment that manufacture elevators ex- clusively, they turn out every style required for the many ditTerent businesses and various positions met with — hydraulic passenger and goods elevators for hotels, colleges, hospitals and other buildings; straight geared elevators for factories, over 200 in use, each fitted up with their patent automatic safety attach- ments, found on no other. Their screw elevator is made by them with special machinery. The difference between this style of screw gear and the old is that 8 or 10 threads of the screw engage the screw wheel instead of one or two in the old styles, which, as will be seen, allows the machine to be run faster by lessening the liability to heat the loose pulleys. As they have the only machine in Canada capable of manufacturing these screws, it is evident to pur- chasers who buy elsewhere that they have either got an im|)orted niachiiie or one little better than the old styles. ( )f hand machines they manufacture special designs for warehouses, dwellings, |)rinting houses, carriiige, sidewalk, and all other styles which can be made to operate in any confined situation. As safety, durability and elhcicncy is the goal of elevatueen Street, Toronto ; of the vertical, to the large wholesale grocers, James Turner A' Co., Hamilton ; and of the horizontal type to the immense dry goods house of Danford, Roche * Co., Toronto and London. Ky a peculiar arrangement of pipes and valves, this machine is entirely free from the jerky motion usually found in elevators of this kind ; the car is built of cherry and ash, oil finished, fitted up with pneumatic bells and annunciators ; the whole wellway on each of the live floors is panelleil with half wire and woodwork, with safety sliding doors of the same material, all finely gilt and grained in keeping with the rest of the establishment. Leitch & Turnbull invite intending purchasers to write for testimonials and prices, or call and see the working of their elevators for them- selves. The members of the firm, Andrew Leitch and Michael Turnbull, are practical men, and give a careful supervision to the manufacture of all their elevators. \ HEPRRSRNTATIVK Bl'SINKSS MEN HI evident to pur- y have ciilicr jjdi It'T than till' ()|,| nufaciure special piiniing hduses, fs which can he iiion. As. safety, oal of elevatdr f:onie closer to ify point to the innery Co., and *here they have rs only in use 'irs. They as|< those firms dis- hey are pleased 'Plied the Hell kVoollcn Mills, -o., Cornwall ; lers, with their '"ve (irms have Jssrs. Leitch A- rchasers to see of their eleva- ?n are engaged ar the follow- Voollen Mills, A. R. Clarke Manufacturing ckett, tobacco lerbert Marsh, '.Agricultural [in, Victoria, -ummings it Mcpherson & lilton. These, on the order winter trade, ilic passenger make three ■ vertical and he direct act- ive fea and ueen Street, e wholesale ; and of the (is house of ndnn. Hy a his machine lally found It of cherry imatic hells each of the woodwork, iiaterial, all ■ rest of the i intending prices, or 5 for them- 2w Leitch and give a f all their TOWN OV DUNDAS Canada Tool Works, jolm Hertram \; Sons, Ilatt Street. In |}S()4 a new ami important industry was introduced into Can.ida, naimly, ihe manufacture of machine tools and wood-working machinery. For tline years previous to this date Mr. K McKechnie had lieen carryiiij,- on the iiuiiui- factureof a light class of wood-working and other machinery, l)ut on the firm of McKeclime iV; Hertram being established, machine tools and wood-working machinery of an improved class rapidly f.iun.l a ready sale in ail parts of Canada. This tirm carried on business till Nov. 1st, 1.S86, with steadilv incieasing success, when Mr. McKechnie retiring, it was then when the Canada Tool Works were established, the "day of small thin^;s" was in ori'er. Krom the small lathe or planir once turned out, they now manufacture in addition the ponderous machinery used in the car and locomotive shops, of from 17 to .20 tons weight and over. John Hertram vV Sons' establishment is by far the 'largest of the kind in Can.ada, and the most completely e<|uipped. The area of ground covered altogether by the Canada Pool Works is ten acres, the main liuildings having a frontage (_;n I latt Street of .500 feet, with a depth of 140 feet. These buildings arc of brick, two stories high, and form a hollow scpiare. In the centre is assumed by the present firm of John Bertram & Sons. The constantly increasing demand for machine tools and wood-working machinery renders it imperative that we should have not only manufacturers of these tools, but of such tools as would compare favorably with, if not in some respects surpass, those produced either in England or the United States. We are not wide of the mark when we say that this firm will give way to none on this continent ; and with regard to England, certain of their machines exhibited at the recent Colonial Exhibition were pronounced by experts to be superior to anything of the kind ever produced in England. Of course, the moulding shop, 100x50 feet, fitted up with all modern appliances, containing a large and small cupola, with cranes and tackle and brass furnaces for all kinds of bronze and composition metals. In this shop have been made the largest castings ever pro- duced in Canada. There are other two machine shops completely ec|uipped with all modern improvements, such as lathes, planers, drills, slotting machines, gear cutters, milling machines, bolt cutters, and ,a great number of other small machines for special purposes ; three erecting shops, with cranes for handling up to eight tons ; a pattern shop, pattern room and blacksmiths' shop, with steam-hammer . .•/' 82 TOWN OF DUNDAS andforges.andcase-hardeningfurnace. Detached from the main buildings is a bricli warerooni 1 50x50 feet in dimensions, in which is ie>ng thoroughly relied upon. This firm are the I sole manufacturer.s of F. W. King & Co.'s automatic 1 sand blast casting cleaner, an entirely new and excellent process for cleaning the surface of stove 1 and other castings in such a manner as to oblairi I superior results in nickel and bronze plating. These I cleaneirss arc found in most stove foundries, being i indispensable tor the work now 'equired on stoves. A specialty niade by this ilrm is the manufacture of perforating power presses, for cutting, stamping and forming sheet metals. Mr. Maw is an Englishman, and has lived 22 years in Dundas. He is a machinist and engineei of very high standing, scientific and ' I practical, and enjoys an excellent repu'atirjn Ouniias Worstad Milla, J. C. Dixon & Bros. proprietors, off llatt Street.— Messrs. J. C. Dixon & Bros, began the manufacture of worsted yarns, etc., in the city of Hamilton in the year 18S1, where j K!'""'""!!'' , X" J'T^" r \ .u 1-1 »• throuchcut the country, for three years they carrieci on succes'.lul operations. ° ^ Finding that in Dundas they could s>;cure additional ! facilities in the way of water pow<;r, they removed j John !(arwln, Dealer in Groceries and Provi- here in 1884, tradi.ng under the na ne of the Dundas ' sions, etc., King Street. — One of the most enteipris- Worsted Mills. During the tw ■> years that have | ing merchants of Dundas is Mr. John Kerwin. He since elapsed, their operations having been greatly : deals in no specific line, but in a number, and unlike extended, their trade has very considerably in- the proverbial "Jack iif all trades," lie succeeds in creased. Their mills cover loo feet square, at:d are ' all. Mr. Kerwm began business in iStii, ind during three stories high. There are between 600 and 700 ! the five years that have since elapsed his career has spindles in operation, 35 hr.nds are employed, and | been a very successful one. His stock, which is very motive powar is got partly from steam and partly j large, includes a complete lino of groceries ol iirsl- froni .water. Messrs. J. C. Dixon & Bros, aie thv , class quality ; flour, feed of ;;11 kinds, grain, agricul- only manuficturt-rs in tliis section of the country of tural and garden seeds; builders' supjdies, such fingering and lioisery yarns, and they are the ex- i as lath, cement, ladders, hair for building purpo.se.s, nails, etc. He al&o deals largelvin oil cake. The whole stock is of a superior tjuality ; iiis trade, which is elusive manufacturers of what are knov.t. as fancy yarns (or weaving purposes, of which this firm make a specially. They also manufacture carpet warps extensively. Their fingering yarns they supply to the wholesale trade, their hosiery yarns to knitters. partly cash and partly credit, is a very lar^e one, and is always on the increase. Mi. Kerwin s repu- tation is very high, both for the cU'SS of goods he and their fancy goods to woollen manufacturers, i keeps and (or his liberal dealings with customers The colors in which the yarns a e produced are of ' To conduct so general a business as this proof requires hat Mr. every hut nnd shade, the dyes from which they are \ more than ordinary ability. The made being calculated to give permanency of color, | Kerwin has succeeded remarkably welt is found in his as sufhcient tests, to which they have been submitted, : largely increasing trad<;. Ke is a native of Dundas, have proved. The capacity of these mills is 2,000 I energetic and pushing ; hi- is hisihly respected, and is lbs. of yarn a week, and with the latest machinery in i a most estimable inhabitant of the " Valley Cii> ." REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 88 out is ef|ual to •ir article in the [)s. are practical, wl neither pains "P to a llijrh e young men, srve every en- i representaiive ts scope by the These gentle- >ik among the tJyCity." The are Messrs, K. ronto. lers, Engineers nunent among ;ted hy Messrs. engineers and '-"'r career has •eniises, which cl. are situated ing n, frontage lops arc equip- ery facility for ^- As manu- oses, in which ^Ksrs. Maw * a reputation equently con- eir judgment firm are the • 's automatic h new and ace IS i"K d nu im of stove to obtain These I, being on stoves, fact u re of >ping and i^nglishman, machinist nlihc and reputation and Provi- enttipris- win. He ^nd unlike ucceecis in nd during career has :;h is very ^'^ of lirst- , agricul- les, such 'iirpose,s, he whole wliich is ijjo one, n s repu- K<'ods he stomers. leijuires hat Mr. d in his Diindas, . :ind is iiy," J- Hndlay Smiih, Importer of .Shelf and Heavy Hardware, etc., Commercial Huildini^s, King St. - The largest retail hardware esiahlishnuni between here and Toronto is that conducted by Mr. J. Findlay Smith, King Streel. The stock carried is immense, while its variety coultl not be enumerated. The trade, of course, is a very large one, and extends all round the country within a wicUi radius u( Dundas. No hard- ware establi.shment is better known, none can offer the same advantages to customers, none bear a higher reputation. The store, wiiich is a splendid brick structure, being perhaps the linesi in Dundas, is 30x100 feet in dimensions, three stories in height. It will thus be seen that the iireniises are commodious, i)ut they are too .small for the irade carried on, and Mr. Smith intends extending them shortly. The immense stock includes builders' hardware, m^'.nu- facturers' and machinists' supjilies, of which a .specialty is made ; cylinder, bolt cutting and machinery oils, leather belting, lace leather, belt hooks, copper belt rivets, machine bolts. machine screws, hexagon an a native of traits of char- e. He is a ommunity. •era of Saws, — The history ivhich Messrs. s a history of id ability, can This busi- a very small employment men. These worked hard, > a reputation lity of their ch brought sing custom, 2 so rapidly had scarcely new building lad to com- g up another equirements ily develop- an acre of louse, office nd finished |ings that is ■ like a gen- saw works, walk down ery pleas- loyment is nen, while the entire ks. They |s trowels, gine siip- y, havmg tr. Shurjy er, N.Y., ss before ;o-ahe:, 1- of their eminent ig Gait's tt. North md con- |int one. town of lation in leading Mr. A. Jusiness lirpenteF tnr*» in work Is com- jileteness. He also makes large wooden cisterns and water tanks of all kinds, in which particulnr branch lu- does a large business. The premises ()ccu|iicil by • him are 30x60 feet in dimensions an skilled workmen on an average thrnughuut the year, fri'iiuentiy requiring many more. He is a native of iliis country, having been born in Ottawa. He is a smart, enterprising business man. and represents the rity in the Council, anil is much respected by all who know him. David Saunders, .Saddlery and Harness, Main Street. — The house whose name heads this article has earned the distinction of being an energetic, reliable and conscientious concern for manufacturing tirst-class harness, etc., the policy being conducted in accordance with the old maxim, that 'what is worth doing at all is worth doing well,"' and as a conse(|uence has built up a trade that not only includes the town of Gait, but the surrounding country as well. The business was founded eight years ago, and since its inception it has steadily increased in reputation and extent, until to-day it has an enviable name for the high quality of g()ods manufactured. The premises occupied are 22x50 feet in dimensions and two stories in height. Five skilled workmen are given employment in turning out the very best description of single and double harness and saddles, which for elegance, sty'e and lightness, durability and general excellence, are '^ot to be excelleJ here or elsewhere. In addition to manufacturing, Mr. Saunders carries in stock a full assortment of whips, horse blankets, curry-combs, l)rushes, and all other necessary stable accessories. Mr. Saunders is a native of .Scotland, and has resided in this country for 43 years, and is an energetic, enterprising and persevering Inisiness man, and one held in high esteem in the community for his many excellent social and business qualities. Mr. McMillan intends in a short time to deal in a first-class stock of the choicest singing canaries, par- rots, etc. ; also a full line of aipiaria goods, including gold-fish. Royal 8r Percy File Works, corner North .ind North Water Streets. — The manufacture of files is an important branch of mechanical industry, it requiring skillful workmanship to produce a good tile. The business conducted by Messis. Royal iV Percy h.^s been established tor the ]iast 13 years by .Mr. Royal, and has been unoer the present firm title for the past three years. At the present time the firm are com- pelled to refuse orders, having more on hand than they can ccmveniently till. This shows that the work turned out by them is of a superior quality, and satis- factory in every respect. The premises occupied by them are 20x40 feet in dimensions and one story in height, where employment is furnished to seven skilled workmen. They manufacture all kinds of tiles by hand, thus ensuring a greater degree of per- fection than would be otherwise the case. They make mill saws, round and s(|uare, flat and warding, mill double-cut and mill pointing, shoe ra^ps, horse rasps, etc. Mr. Royal, the senior partner, has workeil at this tr.ide nearly forty years in the leading manu- factories of Canada and the United .States, and per- sonally supervises every article turned out of the works. The trade of the firm extends throughout the entire Dominion, and is constantly and steadily increasing. Mr. Royal is a native of the United .States, and Mr. Percy is a Canadian by birth. Both are active, energetic and persevering business men, and are deserving of the success their untiring efforts and ability are bringing them. Riohard MoMillait, Tobacconist and l!illiaruch abundant success. \'oung man as he is, he has full control of the managerial alTairs, a gentleman well and popu larly known to the travelling public. He has a thorough knowledge of hotel matters, and is pains- taking and attentive to the wants of his guests, anticipating all their desires ; and it is in a great measure due to the attention and courteous manners, combined with rare executive abilities, that the Gall has gained such an enviable reputation throughout Canada. James Ker89!il( Flour, Feed and Grain, Main Street. —The trade irt flour, feetl and grain, is a very important one in Gait, and considerable capital is em- ployed in its operations, and numbers are given employment. Situated in the centre of a magnifi- cent farming country, and with most favored of shijjping facilities. Gait offers every advantage to iti- members who deal in these jiroducts. Among those who are prominently identified with this business is Mr. James Kersell, wiiose store is Iccated on Main Street. This business, although only started last June, has made rapid development, and is already taking an enviable p;«ition in this line. Mr. Kersell carries all kinds of flour, feed and grain, and makes a specialty of dealing in seeds, which he purchases direct from the farmeis ; the flour and other products or country. Special rates are made with boarders and commercial men. Employment is given to ten competent and courteeus assistants. The menu h all tnat could be desired, while {hecuisitw is unsurpassed by any other hotel in the town. The stable accom- modations are not surpassed by any other hotel in town. The lately deceased proprietor, Thomas Colwell, Esq., was born in Lacken, Monaghan Co., Ireland, emigrated to Canada and settled in Ayr in 1836, where for a number of years he was proprietor of the Hilborn, in connection with a store and cooper shop. He then disposed of his business and went to Gait, vvhere he bought the Commercial Hotel ; aft':r a short interval he also leased the Queen's Hotel, and operated this hotel in connection wiih the Commercial. A good opportunity presenting itself, he sold the Commercial, and devoted his whole lime and attention to the Queen's, where he did a very large and prosperous business with the commer- cial and farming patronage. Being a genial host, he was well esteemed by every one he came in con- tact with. After a lapse of time he disposed of his interest in the Queen's, and bought the Central Hotel, where he maintained his well-earned popu- 3 he also purchases from the farmers as wt.'l as ])y the carload when advantages are to be obtained. With the farmers he makes reciprocal trades, both thus obtaining a benefit- The premises occupied are 28x50 feet in dimensions, and suitably fitted up with bins anci other necessary arrangements for the proper keeping of the stock. Previous to cominf^ to Gait Mr. Kersell ran a farm in Dumfries. He is a Cana dian by birth, and a thorough-going business man. Charles Turnbull, Manufacturer of Full ; r'inished Lambs' Wool Underclothing. — The busi- ness conducted by the above-named firm was established by Mr. Roliert Turnbull, father of j the present proprietor, 30 years ago, and was I successfully carried on by him until his death j in 1879, when Mr. Charles Turnbull became pro- I prietor, and h.is still further increased its success. I The premises occupied are two detached buildings, j covering over half an acre of ground, and are two stories in height and rough-cast. It is a one-set mill, and he manufactures entirely full fashioned knit goods, underwear for ladies gents and children, the quality of material used being of the very finest, and the workmanship and finish unsurpassed by that of any other makers in the Dominion. The trade extends throughout the Dominion, from Windsor to j New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. The goods have j a sharp demand in the market, for their superiority I is recognized and their trade value established. For the excellence of these goods he received an award at I the Centennial Exhibition in 1876, and bronze and silver medals at the Industrial Pair, in Toronto, in ; 1880. Mr. Charles Turnbull is a native of Canada, of Scottish descent, and is a young gentleman of marked business ability and enterprise, and thoroughly understands all the details of the business he so ably conducts. REPRESKNTATIYE BUSINESS MEN 87 le solil out his afjcd the Clali anticipated tlio is (leaih. The ien upon better on, \Vm. Thus, all those tine >uch abundant I full control of veil and popu lie. He has u s, and is pains- of his guests, t is in a great teous manners, 5, that the Gait ion throughout Victoria Whoel Co., Nfain Street- Well may CJalt l)e called the Manciies- ter of Canada, for, considering the popu- lation, there are more and varied indus- tries carried on here tlian in any other town or city of its size in the Dominion. The businis^ is more steady, and the mechanics as a rul< own their own houses, which gives tl.eni ; j;reater interest in the welfaie v'lf the town. .Vmong the most prominent manuHcturinij in- dustries in the town is that of the Victoria Wheel Company, which is located at tiie liead tilted up with all the most improved and per fecied machinery for lliis class of work. Km- ployment is furnished for fifty skilled work- men on an average througiiout the year. Tlie Company manufactures all kinds of •arriage and buggy wheels, shafts, ])()Ugh han- dles, and articles of a similar nature, svhich lind a market throughout Ontario and the ■ itiier Provinces. The work done by this Company is noted for the superior quality of the material used and the finish and excellence of workmanship displayed. The machinery is of Main Street. This business has been established [ run by r loo horse power engme, having a 140-horse over 25 years, being commenced in a comparatively power boiler. Mr. John Perry is the manager, and small way, and steadily cr.j.an.lod during the passing is a gentleman well ([ualitied [of 'n«^ position, lie is years. In 1866 the piesml Company succeeded a native of Canada, of Scottish descent, and is a thor- /^lx^::i m^ Smith & McMillan, and since that time the business ' oughgoing and enterprising business man. Robert made rapid strides forward. The premises ; Scott, the chief member of the !;['".'_ '^^ ^ "^'l^'^^o' nas cover about three-quarters of an acre of ground, the | Gait, and has been connected with it for fourteen main building being a three-story stone structure, | years. He is also the present Mayor of (, alt. 88 TOWN OF GALT Elliott Soap Works, J. & U. Elliott, Harris Street. — '* Where there is life, there's soap," is a new version of an old adage, but a true one nevertheless. Soap is one of the many necessary articles re(|uired in everyday life. Among the varied manulaciuring industries in Gait, the Elliott Soaj) and Candle Works stand alone in their special line. The busi- ness of this concern has been established for over 30 years, the present firm coming into possession 6 years ago, succeeding Dixon, who succeeded Simpson, who succeeded Oliver, etc. The premises occupied are 34x106 feet in dimensions and I'j stories in height, being substantially built of stone. There is one vat having a capacity of 16,000 lbs. of soap ; there are also the necessary moulds, presses, etc., and a six- horse-power engine, used for pumping water. The special brands of soap manufactured — which are all laundry— are: "Pure,". "Free Trade," ".Sultana," "Dominion" and "Electric" The trade of the concern, which is excellent and steadily increasing, goes from London, Walkerton, .St. Catharines, Hrant- ford and Toronto, and all intermediate sections. Employment is furnished to four competent workmen. Messrs. Elliott are natives of Canada, and are active, energetic and enterprising business men, and are on the sure road to business success. leading manufacturers, and, buying largely, makt liberal terms, whereby they are enabled to give their I customers the benetit in low figures. The business ; of the house is rai)idly extending, and now cover- both town and the surrounding .sections of country. I ^employment is given to eight competent and I courteous assistants, who are ever willing and pleased to show goods. Mr. Mara is a native ' of Canada, and is a wide-awake, persevering and '' enterprising business man, and is materially tend- I ing to augment the commercial importance of Gait. 1 lie was a member of the Town Council of Milton, , where he previously resided, and is held in high esteem in the community where he now resides. They use three electric lights, and are the only firm j in Gait liaving the Cash Railway System, having two I stations. They also deal extensively in bankrupt stocks of dry goods, and buy all for spot cash, there- by giving their cus'omers the benefit. Their annual sales amount to over $100,000 dollars. They ilo the largest business in Gait, selling for spot cash. Soott & Martindaio, dealers in Marble and Granite. — Among the many manufacturing industries which tend to make up the importance of Gait as a manutacturing centre, is that solely represented in the town by Messrs. .Scott A' Martindale, dealers in marble and granite, and monument sculptors. This business was founded 30 years ago by Mr. John Scott, father of the senior member of the present firm. The yards, which occupy about 400 square feet, are located on Spruce Street, where employment is fur- nished to six careful and skillful workmen. The members of the firm are both practical workmen, and give their undivided attention to the business. Their monumental work abounds in specimens of skillful workmanship, showing the artist in conception and the true disciple of art in execution. The beautiful cemeteries in this section contain many examples of these trails, mementoes in memory of those "gone to that bourne from whence no traveller returns," but nevertheless works of art. In addition to mortuary work the firm make marble mantels, Lable tops, etc. They also deal largely in granite and marl)le for builders' and other uses. The firm are persevering and enterprising business men, who are achieving success through their own individual efforts and business ability. Mr. Scott and also Mr. Martindale are natives of Canada, and are gentlemen held in the highest repute in the community. Mara & Co., Genera' md Fi ncy Dry Goods, Main Street. — Gait is po^.^essed c. .several first-class dry goods establishments, prominent among which must be mentioned the firm of Messrs. Mara & Co., whose business has been established over two and a half years, having been previously on Ainsley .Street for two years ; but finding themselves crowded for room, ihey removed to their present large and commodious premises, which are more eligibly located, being in the business heart and on the leading thoroughfare of the ity. The premises are 28x1 10 feet in dimensi.ns, where is carried a large, complete and well selected stock of general and fancy dry goods, Iwots and shoes, hats and cajjs. and ready-made clothing of the iiost fashionable designs and manufacture. They ^)urch*se direct from the Mosars. Jamas Warnook & Co., Hardware and Coal Merchants, Main .Street. — A careful review of the extensive commercial interests of Gait reveals the fact that there exists a class of houses in every respect prepared to compete in the several lines they represent with rival establishments in any other city in the Dominion. Among such a foremost position must be ascribed to Me.ssrs. James Warnock ifc C"o.. hardware merchants, Main Street. The business of this house was founded forty years ago, and has grown from small to very extensive proportions. The premises occupied in prosecution of the business consist of a three story and basement stone structure 22x125 feet in dimensions. Of the variety and character of the stock carried it would he impossible to speak too highly. It includes every description of domestic, British and foreign hardware, iron, steel, nails, lead, tin, cutlery, paints, cordage, etc., and carriage builders' supplies ; and a full line of everything of this nature, of the best (juality and most careful selection, is here to be ol)tained. In addition to this business the firm are large wholesale and retail dealers in coal, having two extensive sheds covering half an acre of grounil on Hawthorn Street. They give en)|)loyment to fourteen hands, and use five teams in the prosecution of their business, which extends through town and country, over the western division of the Grand Trunk Railway and its branches, on Credit Valley from Toronto to Wood- stock, and the Northern & North-Western and Midland Railways. The business is stead ily increasmg annually, and it the present writing is reporte-' to ' " excellent. Both members of the firm, .\Ir. mock and Mr. A. C. Fraser, are natives of Sec ., u.nd are active, energetic and enterprising busii men, and are held in the highest esteem by tne community. Mr. Warnock was a member of the Town Council for a great many years, and rendered aluable assistance in its gleliber- ations. John Barbour, P'nmiture and Undertaking, North Waier Street. — Among the old established business houses in Gait worthy of particular mention is the well known furniture house of Mr. Julm Harbour, who is located on North Water Street, This business was established in 1856, and has enioyed a good share of the public patronage .1 mg the past years. He is a manufacturer of and lealer in .all kinds of furniture, spring and hair mattresses, IfEPUESENTATIVK BUSINESS MEN 89 etc. ; and he makes a specialty of undertakinij, taking tntire charge ol all luncrais that may lie |)l;ict(l in ills care, and supplying all the necessary articles. Ilo has a lirwt-class liearsc, and is eminently qualilied for that important and delicate business, heing considerate towards bereaved friends, and being a i;ijntleman of rore ability. The premises he occupies are 30 x 90 feet in dimensions and two stories in height. lie gives employment to four >Uillful workmen. He u-es an eighi-hor'-e power engine fur running his machinery, and his business extend-, throughout town and coimtry. .\Ir. Harbour is a native of Scotland, and was chief of»the vuhm- teer tire brigade in this town for ten years, and was presented with a beautiful service of silver upon 1 leaving that oflice. lie has also servetl for twenty j years in the Hoard of Trustees of the common schools. He is a gentleman highly esteemed and honored in the community. S. Oodbold, I'amily (irocer, Ainslie and Dick son Streets. New business enterprises show that a comnmnity is in a thriving condition, and that it i.-> lelieved there is room for at least "one more" Ut engage in traffic. Of no place in ('anida can this be iietter said than of (lalt, whi're thrift, industry and (irosperity are going hand in hand together. La!>t summer Mr. .S. (jodbold started in the grocery hu.^iness at what is known as " Husiness Corner," corner of Dickson and Ain.->lie Streets. The premi- ses occupied by him are 22x80 feet in dim< n>ions, and are well stocked with a full and complete assort- ment of stajile and fancy groceries, the choicest III mds of teas from China an(l jajian, fragrant coffees Irom Rio, Java and South American points, pure ^|iices, table delicacies, condiments, tlour, hermeti- cally sealed goods, and all other articles usually found in a tirst-class grocery store. Mr. (lodbold was engaged as .1 soda svater manufacturer for three , years previous to entering upon the present business, and finds liis prosi)ects excellent and his trade ' steailily increasing. He gives employment to four assistants, and uses a team for the delivery of goods lo customers in town and country. He is a native of Canada, and an active, energetic and enterprising husiness man, and has filled the office of School Trustee in this town for some years, and was for a number of year.s a teacher in the public schools of Waterloo. I Jam«S McTague, Hardware, Stoves, etc., ' Main Street. — One of the handsomest and best selected slocks of stoves and hardware in C!alt is that caiiied by Mr. James McTague in his establishment on Main .Street. The |)remises occupied, which are ; large and iin -mndious, are well av foiiiui in a lirsl-class jewellery store, studded throughout the liiwn attest to his ability in Watch repaiiiiig i^ made a specially. _ Kniploynient this direction. The premises occupied by him, which is ^,'iven to three able assi.-,iaiits. The piemises are centrally located on Main Street, are 24\()0 feet occupied are 20x40 feet in .limensions, and are in dimensions, where employment is given to eight tastefully lilted up, well disiilaying the elegant slock skilled workmen. Mr. Radigan's business extends carried. .Mr. Kay is a native of .Scotland, but has throughout the town and country, and the many new buildings being consianlly erected keeps him con- stantly employed in lii^ line. 1 le is a naliveol Irelaml. and came to Canada in 1S46. lie was a inemlier of the School Hoard, and wa- its chairman for several years, lie was also a distinguished member of the old volunteer lire department, and was its last chiel engineer, as the niea resigned in a body when he tendered his resignation to the Council, and a semi- paid department was formed, lie is a persc-vering and enterprising business man, and highly esteemed by all who know him. resided in (lalt since his early days, lie is well ideniilied with public mailers, and is held in the highest regard in the cuminiinity. John Sloan, I'amily drocer, Main Street.— No more cer'.aTn 01 more reliable evidence can be fur- nished ol the progre>> of a coiiiniuniiy than the steaily growth of its domestic comioris ; it would therefore be a gra\e omission 111 a work of this kind if the high ^landing and character of the prominent grocery houses were passed over. The most lavorably known engaged in this impoilanl di'partinenl of trade is that of Mr. John Sloan, of .Main Street, whose high repn- lation and exjierience in business is sufllcient guarantee of the sl;indard of merit attained. The hu.^iness was estab ished four years ago by the ])resent proprietor, and it has grown, and contimus siill to grow, with the advancement of the town, until to- Bond« Chemist and Druggist, has lately removed to Hando's New ISIock on Aiiislie Street ; Sign, Red Mortar - Holding a promi- nent place among the business eslablisiunents of Gait is that of the above. 'Ihe business was originally established by Mr. lohn Uoiui, father to the present proprietor, and it would seem as though this line of business was an inherited taste, for a brother is similarly employed in Totting- hain. Mr. John Hond came to ( iait trom ( ioderich three years ago, having been previously eni;a};ed as a chemist and druggist in that place. .Sir, Hond kee]'s an excellent stock of pure, fresh drugs and chemicals, as well as toilet articles, such as imported metically sealed gooils, condiments, etc., which he perfumes and soaps, fancy goods, etc. A specialty sells both wholesale and retail. lie gives employ- is made of compounding physicians' piescri])tions, all modern appliances being in use to prevent the possibility of mistakes. Mr. bond iias followed and studied the business for a number of years, ;ind is a graduate of the Ontario College of Ph.irmacy. The business, which is steadily increasing, e.x*eiiectioiis of the j country. The new premisesoccupied, w hich are hand- 1 somely and appropriately htted up, are 20x60 feet in dimensions. .Sir. Hond is a native of Toronto, an enterprising and progressive liusiiiess man, and much esteemed in the comnuiiiity where he has decided to follow his business career. meni to nine carehil and courteous assistants, and uses two waggons in the delivery of goods to customers in town. .Since starting business .Mr, .Sli>an has never known what a (piiet day is. I le isa native of Canada, and a competent and enterprising business man, and iield in the highest esteem in ihe community. "Seotoh House," I. Melross, T)ry Goods, Main Street. Among the ately cstabli bed business houses in Gall of particulnr note is that known as the " Scotch House," of which Mr. I. Melross is the proprietor. This house was established ii. Seiitember of the jiresent year, abhough Mr. .Melross previously conducted business for eighteen nionihs in Fergus John Kay, Watchmaker and Jeweller, Main and eight years in Heeton. The jiremises occupiec" Street. — A little (Jver half a century ago the inhabit- ants of Gait thought more about what they could get to eat, and how best to be sheltered bom the rain and snow, as also what warm and strong cloth are large and commodious, being 24x75 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, and eligibly miniated in the heart of ihe town. Here a very large and well selected stock of staple and fancy dry ing they could get to wear, than they did about the goods is carried, consisting of all the latest jjaiterns luxuries of life; but these days have jiass-d away, and from out the primeval forest a town has arisen and novelties in the ditfereni lines, which are selected with greai care, and specially adapted to meet the the Manchester of Canada. For its size, there is no public demand according to the seasons. In the town or city in the Dominion that eiiuals Gait for short time Mr. Melross has been in business in Gait prosperity or the thrifi of its peojile. Now they can his trade has wonderfully y (lie ;ili(>ve named lirm. The Imsiiuss wns csialiiislied in a conifiaralively small way over forty years ago, and after changing; through several hands, was ]nir- chaseil by Messrs. Bond iV Keachie last spring, when they immediately instituted many imjirovements which have iiorne <^o()d fruit in greatly increased patronage. The premises occupied are 40Mi3feet m dimensions, and well adapted for the jiurposes ie(|uirei|, iieing well veniil.iled and comfortalilc, so that the horses are well taken care of. They have 15 liorses, 18 top liugyies, 3 phaetons, 2 lop car- riages and 3 Commercial vvaggons, so that the most fastidious in tiiese matters can he suited. They give eni|)loyment to three careful and competent grooms, liesides the i)usiness ol a livery stable, the lirni are agents for agricultural implements, including .Maxwell's hinders, .Masson .Manufaciuring ("om- pany's seed drills, ploughs of the Ayer American tOmpany s make, and also agents for the rnion Scale Works, of i laniilton, and others. .A novelty in this business was inaugurated by the tirm Ir.si spring, when tlu'y nurde a delivery of seven thousand dollars worth of implements which they had sold to farmers in this settiiui of the country. They sent out neatly printeil special invitations to those who had purchased to come to town c>n June lithand receive their goods. They did so, and almost the entire population of (Jalt turned out to see the pageant, which extended from the bridge at (^)ueen's .S(|uare to nearly the head of Main Stieet ; and when all were in line, with their implements loaded on iheir waggons, a photograph was taken ol the scene, the procession being headed with waggon containing a band and banr.ers. The farmers were well enter- tained at dinner in the hotel, and iheir horses properly taken care of at the expense of the tirm. lioth members of the firm are natives of Canada. WE^s^sm 'SS: ^iH & <.»2 TOWN OK (J ALT Ik r I ■ i «l. MalOOlm. C'onI andWood, Hawthorn Sl.— • In wriiini; ;i dcl^iili'tl accmmi n( ilu- iiidustru's ()f (lalt, and sdiiic stiiti'iiK Ills wiili ri'i^ard lo iIiom' in- dividual eiilerprises thai have i-ondiiccd in a fjrcat niL-asurc to the l>cnctit of the CDiniiumily, tin.- fact must not In' ovLrlooktv! that no little sitality lias LMiiaiiatfd from a traflic in those most necessary pnidiicts, coal and wood, which api'ears to become ' nmri- and more imiioriaiit aiiniialiy. In such con- nection the house of Mr. J. Malcolm, which was established here in iSSj, is emitled to |)rominent nu'iilion. The ollice is located on Ilawihorn Street, where there are two yards, coverinj; in all an area of about two acres of ground, also a coal yard located at the (irand Trunk station of aliout half an acre of gr(nsofcoal and 2,0001 cords of wood. The business since its ince]Uion has i been constanily yrowinj;, and bids fair to assume very large proporiions in the near future. Mr. , Malrolm is a native of Canada, and a i)rogressive business man. lie is in a position to oiler induce- ! menis as regaris high <|uality of protluci, prices, facilities, prompt lilling of orders, and general fair dealings, as must make all trade relations with him Conduce to the profit and advantage of his customers. 1 Great Western Hotel, William Hemhart, Concession .'street. Lialt possesses several very e.\- celleiit hotels, wliefr the weary traveller ma\ " rest and be thankful ' with all the comforts of a home. Among the number must be mentioned the Crtat Western, which i , locateil on Conc:ession .Street, in close proximity to the depot of the WcllinjMon, Crey tV Uriice Railway. It is a handsome structure 50x1 !0 feet in dimensions, with an L 40x40 feet in dimen- sions and three stories in height, and substantially built of brick. The house contains twenty-five bedrooms, which are light, well-ventilated and comfortably furnished, three ]iarlor.s, a large and. tastefully arranged dining-room, barroom, reailio^j room, etc. The //wnit is unexcelled, the HcWrf* having all the delicacies of the season as the more substantial viands, while lliQ all that the most fastidious could desire, six courteous and attentive assist after the ccjinfort cif the g inodation is tirst-class, tf for 25 horses. The rate; day. and special rate> are of which the house as a Bernhart, the proprietor (ieruian descent, but hr ^.,. ^ Canada. He is a genial ffoiw, and a gentleman highly esteemed for his many social and business f|ualities. J. W. Taylor, Ticket Agent and Insurance, Main Street. — An important business carried on in this town is that of the above house, which, combin- ing two .separate branches of useful industry, is emitled to more than mere passing mention. The house was established 11 years ago, and occupies an office on the main thoroughfare, and within easy reach of all the business houses. In a manufacturing centre like (lalt it occupies a prominent position. Mr. J. W. Taylor is ticket agent for the Canadian Pacific Railroad, and agent for American and Canadian Kxpress Companies. The railway facilities ol the town are unsurpassed, the railwa)s running to ami fioni the four points of the compass Mr, 'I'aylor is also agent for the koy.il, ( luardian, < Jueen's, i'henix, of I'ltooklyn ; Loixlon, Liverpf latest improved wood-working machinery niid a J team engine of 30 horse power, as well as water supply, the motive power for the machinery ; and employment is provided for 20 skilled operatives. The products of the house comprise all articles that properly come under the heading of wood-working machinery. The firm are also contractors and build- ers, and have erected many of the handsome dwellings which adorn the town, while their work is acknow- ledged to be ot the very best and most comp'ete in its every detail. The members of the firm, Messrs. Wm. and F. A. Scott, have conducted the business for the past 1 1 years, and have had many years prac- tical experience in the trade. They are natives of (jalt, and are industrious and progressive business men, thoroughly wide-awake and alive to all the requirements of their business, and are held in the highest esteem in the community. i RKPIIESKNTATIVK BrsiXF'.SS MEN Todd's Milling Co>, compriMiriL; the linii o Thomas Todd iV Son and John Scotl, off llaw'.horn Street. — Atnonf; the most prominent maniifaciuring industries in Gait must he mentioned the Tudd Milling Co., which is one of the'largest concerns in tliis line in ihis section of tlie country. They have recently i)urchased the old .Str)clvwell Mills, which had been lying idle for several years ; and to meet the more moclern re(iuirements of the present day, they entirely overhauled the building, and took out ^'L> IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) % // // /. ro & ^ 1.0 I.I [fitt IIIIIM •- IM 1112.2 ^..■- IIIIIM ill 1-8 1.25 1.4 16 ■a 6" ► V2 ^ 0% /a ^3 ///// <^ '//a '*'¥'^i o 7 Photographic Sdences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 V iV 9) ^^ \\ ^ V o^ 04 TOWN (>F GALT m all the old machinery and runs of stone, and entirely refitted it, giving the contract for the work to the celebrated tlour mill builders, Messrs. (Joldie iV McClulloch, of this town, the interior arrangements being made after plans by the foreman, Mr. J. E. Wilson, which are co'iiplete in every particular. The building occujiied is a substantially-built struc- ture of stone, five stories ni height, with basement, engine and lioiler house ; also a large store hoiise for grain, fitted up with nine large hop])er bins, thus being enabled in keep each grade separate. There is an automatic weigher for weighing the grain before passing into the rolls. In the basement of the mill is located the main line of shafting, widi pulleys, two sets of large wheat brush machines, one Cialt improved separator, one Gait improved cockle machine, one Gait improved smutter ; also elevators for handling screenings and wheat. On the first fioor are four runs of siones, twenty-four pairs of Gait improved rolls, three Gait im])roved flour packers and three weigh scales. On the second fioor are one improved centrifugal bolt, two middlings dusters and five purifiers ; also bins for middlings and tlour. The third fioor contains four purifiers, four centrifugal bolts, one Gait improved middlings duster and bins. On the fourth fioor are four Wilson's patent dust collectors and three four-reel bolts. On the fifth fioor are t vo two-reel bolt chests, one single-reel chest, and the elevator tops, with ilust protectors on each. The mill was fitted up under the direction of the foreman, Mr. Wilson, who has several patents on the machines for the jirevcn- tion of fire by friction, etc. The capacity of the mill is 350 barrels per day. The head miller is Mr. Anthony Marshall, who was lately in charge of a leading fiour mill in Bleidieim, Ont., and is a gentleman well tiualified for the position in every respect, hr-'ng hod an extended ex];erience of niarv years. The proprietors, Thomas Todd iS: Son and John Scott, are gentlemen of un(|uestioned business ability, push and enterprise, and are highly and justly esteemed in the community, Messrs. Todd iV Son will continue to carry on their general produce and commission business, in the exportation of fiour, grain and provisions, as heretofore. is on a steady increase. The proprietor, Mr. Mc Auslan, is a native of Canada, and is an energetic, persevering and enterprising business man, who lia> a thorough knowledge (>f a piactical nature of his business. He is Second Deputy Reeve of the town, and is highl) regarded in the community. i Charles ROOS, Hoots and Shoes, Main Street.— I Situated in the centre of commereial activity on the i principal thoroughfare of trade in Gait, and carrying ; one of the most comi)lete stocks of boots and shoes in the town, the house of Charles Koos stands promi- , nent as one of the chief wholesale and retail estab- lishments. Established in I'reston in 1845, the • business was removed to Cialt 15 years ag,', where greater scope was afforded for the increased facilities ; of the house. It has had a long, honorable and ))rosperous career, until to day it has grown in I commercial importance, an Ouelph Foundry, KolK-itson & Son, Kramosa Road. — When ilie present city of (hielph was siill in its infancy, and the large Inisiness hloc-ks liad not yel sprung inlu existence, tin; (liielph Foundry was fiiiindeil by Mr. Kolxrlson ; that was over 40 y(.'ars n;j;o. It was started in a comparatively small way, !/iit by the excellence of work d(jne ami the close attention paid to business, the present excellent trade was built up. Some years at^o Mr. Adam Robertson, the son, was taken into the business, .nnd is now tlic sole projirietor, the father having died some years agfi. The pr'-mises occupied are a machine shop, 35x50 feet in dimensicms and two stories in height ; the moulding and blacksmith shops. 35X 100 feet in dimen- sions and one story in height ; and the business ot'lice, which is detached. The entire structure is sub- stantially built of stone, and is ailniiraiil}- adapted for the business transacted. l'",ngine.>, botli horizontal and upright, are manufactured, rs well as boilers and every description of mill machinery and general machinery. Mvery facility is on hand for the proper turning out of the work, such a.-, turning lathes, planers, cutters, etc., all run by a horizontal engine of 20-horse power, located in the machine .--hop. In the moulding shoj) em|)loyment is given to eight hands and to four in the boiler shoj). while five competent and skilled mechanics are at work in the machine shop. The trade of the Guelph Foundry extends througliout Ontario, where the iirm bear a high reputation for the excellence of the work done. Mr. yVdam Robertson is a native of Canada, a rr''.ctical machinist and a competent business man. ]-;: •' . a, gontleman highly respected for his business I. -i ^icial qualities. N. TovOi^l, Undertaker, (.Hiebec Street. Thr business of the undertaker is certainly not of pleasant associations, yet it is a necessary one. The tiat hath gone forth that "all must die," and conse(|uently there must be some one to ]>erforni the last sad otiices. It is necessary tlien thai they should be men of symi)a- ihetic dispositions, with tact ami a ileep kncjwledge of human nature, yet having a jierfect knowdedge ol their important calling. Mr. N. Tovell, whose rooms are located on (Juebec Street, is a gentleman who meets these re<|uir( ments. He has been established in the business for the past 15 years, and has proved successful in every respect. lie is well known throughout the country as well as city as a fineial director, and has always been regarded as a gentle- man titled for the duties by reason of his exjurieucc and the tender respect shown family and friends. He is careful and conside>ale, and can always be relied upon with the fullest conlidence 'n the discharge of his duties. He gives his personal supervision to the direction of funerals, and furnishis all the reciuire- ments, including caskets, furnisliings, hearse, car- riages, etc. The tastefully titted up rooms are located in a self-contained iiouse which he occujiies on 1850. The brewery, together with ihe malt houses, store houses and other buildings, covers several acrt,^ of ground, and arc the finest used for such a ynirpose in the Province, being an excellent specimen of architec- tural work, as well as having every modern faiilit\ for properly prosecuting the work, being fitted up and supplied with the most perfect machinery known to modern science. It is in charge of skilled, prac tical brewers, who are under the immediate super- vision of Mr. Sleeman. The fine ales, porter ami lager produced from this brewery are well known, popular, and in great demand throughout the country. The best malt and hops only are used, and careful attention is given to their preparation in the various stages they pass through. The Silver Creek ales, porters and lagers, are pure, healthful beverages, and, as regards fjuality, are considered the finest and best in the Dominion, and are in constant demand through out ("anada. An average of forty-five competent hands are employed, and are selected for their skill in the business in which they are engaged. The ; brewery has a capacity of about 40,000 barrels of ale, porter and lager, and the malthouse avera|.;es 130,000 bushels of malt per annum. The machinery used is run by a 60-horse ]iower engine. .Xn important feature is the dumping floored kiln, which is a marvel ofsimpliciiy and convenience, lieing the only one of its kind in Canada. The water used j in the manulacture of the product is of the linest j description, coming through the limestone strata, and ! is one of the best springs to be found in Ontario, if I not in the entire Dominion, which is a valuable acquisition in the manufacture, the water fiouing naturally to all parts of the building. Mr. Sleeman, the proprietor, is a practical brewer and an enter- prising business man, and is held in the highest estimation by the community. Ml Toronto, in 1S83, when his work attracted the special attention of II. R. 11., the Princess Louise, who warmly complimented Mr. O'Hrien on his success, and presented him with a special silver medal, and had him appointed a teacher in the School of Art and Designs, of Ontario. He is the only medallist wood carver in America, and teaches a class in this line in his own city. .Mr. 0"15rien is a native of (^)uebec, but has been for many years a resident of the '" Royal City." Mr. Keough has lived the greater part of his life a few miles distant from (juelph, where he carried on the furniture industry, and previous to going into his present venture was engaged in the real estate business in this city for five years, in which he was eminently successful. His fellow citizens of. St. James' Ward have shown their apprecia- tion of his abilities by (jlacing him in the City Coun- cil as their representative, a position which he now fills for the third time, having on the last occasion been elected by acclamation. John Day, .Architect, 26 Wyndham Street.— T(^ the accompli-hed architect credit is due for the beauty of our cities, fcjrthe magnificence of our public buildings, and for the many features of utility intro- duced into our private residences. From the days of ancient Greece and Rome the aichitect has always occupied a prominent place in society from an artistic and industrial standpoint. Among those holding a leading position in this line in tliis city is Mr. John Day, whose oftice is located at No. 26 Wyndham Street. This gentleman has been established in Ijusiness for over 12 years and has had the best of practical e\[)erience, which is one of the best of schools in which to study, lie has built a great many residences and public buildings in this city and vicinity, among whicli might be mentioned I'ctrie's Stores, on Wyndham Street ; Sjieed Skating Rink ; the Commercial Hotel ; (iuelph Union Cemetery Buildings ; private residence of Mr. A. C. Mc- Lauchlnn, alderman ; Maddock's Block ; John Murphy's semi-detached and single houses ; John Hogg's Terrace ; I), i'l. Rowan's Terrace, and many others. Mr. Day has earned a wide reputation for the skill and artistic ability which he displays in his work, and on this account he has built up an excel- lent practice, which is constantly increasing. He is a native of Canada, and has won the esteem of the entire community. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 97 ■enian, pn,. ilie oldes: le I'roviiic. e Sleciiiaii, the Silvti If back a. alt Iiouscs, veral acit- purposi. in of arohiifc ern faiiluv fitted up lery knowi; "ed, jirac 'ite super- Porlcr and il known, le country, nd careful lie various leek ales, •liies, and, and l)esi il througli conipeicni their skill ;ed. The els of ale, averages "achiner\- ne. An led kiln. ice, heini^ ater used 'he finesi :rata, and 'ntario, if valuaMe 'lowing ■ileenian, 11 enler- higliest et.— To for the ir public y in t ro- le days always ariislic Idinjj a r. John ndham ^led in best of lest of 1 fjreat tv and 'etrie's Kink ; iietery Mc- John John many )n for in his 'xcel- ; is a Ouy 'l^i"g. '-i »^wng noxious gases, „i;i ''"['^^"^•^^ work, thus ;; h^'7ii^.ea.ses ,o (011..^;,^'=^"^' ^Vphoid fevJr and '-•'"P oycd, and that the san it! 1 .^^^'l^"'^" should be l^f Lf/,cted upi.n the nou ^ arrangenient.s should ' »?emi.ersof the firm: eptlL^ '° >'--• '^ h . 1 he p..e„,ise, occupied ar^Sc"'" '° "^'^ ''''■^'"^•ss- ' '-^n.'l two stories in 'heigh \°i^^ f'"''^ '" 'hmensions ^^"•"^k. The hr>„ give ? n,]"" , '^"''■^''''"'inlly huilt of ^v'orkmen, who are\,„de • "'"' - ''"' '"•""M'eten' :i';'rk done and ,he pu',1 "Hn" ' ■' ^/^'^'-'"'^nce of the I ness done is ov'^ lio.ooo!; /el?"^^' """^'"' "^ ' 'u"i' CITY OF GUELPH eqi:ire more considerSnn ^T"'"''' '^ ^^^V- that '■'" .^-^.-t of the un e, S '''"tV^^'"'^^^?^'^''^ ^eel ng f "«I .n under the most .V, ^ "'' '^''^"^^s are only fn befall a family oTfl,"^ '^'-•'^"mstances tha ?""Pled with decision '?''^"/' '^^ "''"ost tact knowle.Ige of the Sin •''"''^^'='' "nostentatiou= P">nt'^ Mr. Tohn Mitchen'''' /' '■^■^"'^"'- l" the"' I "'^ated on bougia Str ' "'i'^Vr^'-' ^^^hose ofj^ce ';2'"-'xperiencer having '^;., tstaFf^^^.'^^^ '^^^ "^'"^e 'o years. lis esfnlilici, '^stabhshed for the m... ^fy a.Kl appro" Sj'fit,"e,°" ^""^''-^^ ^'-^t' l^ 'hmensions^ Air Mh.i > , "P" ^"^ '« i5-v=;o feet ?rrS' ^''-'■^'^ - cSSj^-i-horsesin^d tt 'le takes cnarge of all th ^ ■, '^^•''' "" the city |;"^'«' to his cfre, uppiv „: ^f ■'•"^ °^ funerals en! Jhe o,h,r necessaries, ^SRi'fT^''' ''^l'' «"<' all H's business extends to aP ^^^'^''^ '""'derate ^«"nt'y. Mr. Mitchell is -^ J'T °^ '''e city and Robert Parkar n Woolwich Street lI:,,oSTh^' Manufacturer, „ fst known of thecaVSnfll'""'-' Jr"""ent' a,', , J'-^'°'^'^>- established in businc'sVVor H ^'^'""'-''"an has bee:, ; ?a'»e location, and since Z nL^r'' '? ^'""^^^'^ -' 'h ' I t has steadily progresS Tl^ ' ^'''" "^ '^'^ ''"'^'ne- far to h,ui, fo'r 'theSuS ;- of 1 ' '"'''''"" "'''h''^ ^^ - ' .'he best, and cannot he surnii, r'"'''""''"«'''P '■'^ "' !" the Dominion. Mr f" -f '^' '">' "•^^■'- ^otis. jl^nds of light carriif^e i • '"anuflictures all i vehicles of^ lil'S 'e 'fi^' '^'"Xh-^ -"^' oth;., : form three separate departments ^"'""'^'^■'^ "^^"P'e-I •''tone and two stories iKeipI,/- ""'''' ,35x6o, built of ^ ■■"""' for the finished Sr- ' "'"' ''^^ '^e vvare- '25x60 and one story in hSr' '""l'^'^ ^'''°'"''"^% ■''■"Uh shop; while the wooTi' ■'■"'"*' "'^ '^'^ '''ack. 1^ one.story fra„,e ui S ''''^"P >^'" the rear, being ;^« '^^y^'" cor.pe.ent wo Sen th P'T''^"' ''^ g''ven ,'^Ir. i'arker used tn .K' .throughout theyeir l""""n,on trade recjuirS 'u h^f '^'^./""."'l that his i Afncan trade was s o, ped ' IlL ^''-'""on, and the .'^'-^^vay of a sleigh thafi's th ^""^ '" '^P^cialty i„ '^'"'h With but a hiln ,' l^'^ '"°s' "nique of' its no more than three sec fns of ^? °^'^^ hand, taking Jon, a single-seated^; 'h!!^^'/^^^n he changed ^'°S--^ ^.yle. It wilrSrtainy'°:;;'--\-'one, a^s well as useful. Mr. Park- er IS a native of England 'ong resKlem. Heather, who wn. % ' 3^ years by Afr ! 'he present fl^nV'" z{l:\?:f'^ '^" >''^''^'--'^ ag^o ly r^addles, harness of every kin, '^^^'"•'^""'acturtrs o^ 'employment to 6 conmettn, ' ","'''' "^"^-^ '^"^I ?ive of yoods manufactured bh. "'°'''^»''^"- The lines anyone in the Domin on an 'T '"''-' "°,' '^"H^assed by orders for their goods frori'nl? 'T"'.^' '^^^y receive Hope, and also the UnS sh^^ "'"' ^fP^ "^ ^'Ood very large local trade the Lf.lf u ^^"^y ^'"^o do a heingused in this loc;i fy' ''"1,°' 'h^"! "^anufacturj ' y them on Woolwich Str J? P'^*"''^^ "'^cupied hmens.ons anri 35x(io, built of '' -IS the vvare- 'ther adjoininp '1 as the black' the rear, heint; ►'nient is given ihoiit the year. f» Africa, but oiind that his ntion, and tho a specialty in unique of its • hand, takinir fin be changed le-seated one, - into popular ery handsome ^•'- Mr.Park- of England, 3rough -going of long prac- s.and is held in the com- h he has so ^Jeispuhlic- alf the city and the country surrounding^' pumps; are greatly in use as a means of obtaining water, and therefore a good business is done in th .'ir manufacture. Prominently engaged in this line in the '• Royal Citv" !■; the firm of 1'. (irant iV .Son, whose works are located at No. 10 Perth Street, the premises being 24x40 feel in dimensions. This firm has been in this city for the past ten years, and Mr. Grant was in the same line for twenty-seven ye;us previous iu (ialt and Puslinch, so that he has had many years experience in their manufacture. He has a patent (in the handle known as " Cjrant's I'atent I'ulcrurn," whereby the pump can be adapted to the amount (if water in the well, and also regulated for ihe anujunt of leverage re(|uired. The lirm have a high reputation for the quality of the goods they manu- facture, so that their trade extends within a radius of twenty-five miles from Guelph. They also do an extensive business in rejiairing as well as manu- facturing. The pumps made by them are known as "Rockshaft," " Close Top," "Grant's I'atent Ful- crum," etc., as well as iron force and suction pumps. They give emjiloyment to four skilled workmen. It is the only firm in the city who make a specialty of boring and deepening wells without removing the stone-work ; also brass and iron-lined cylinders for deep wells. Both Mr. Grant and son are natives of Canada, and are practical workmen, and excellent business men, who enjoy the regard of all who know them. Henry Hatch, Real F.state Agent, Wyndham .Street. — In a country like that of Ontario, with so much land still unoccupied or not built upon, the office of the real estate agent is an important one, and exercises considerable bearing upon the welfare of the community. lie is an instrument for the building up of the country and making the wilder- ness to blossom as the rose, figuratively speaking. Among those largely interested in this line of liui-i- ness is Mr. Henry Hatch, whose office is located over Savage's jewellery store on Lower Wyndham Street. This gentleman has been estaljlished in business for over twenty years, and is thoroughly conversant with ail the details of his business, the values of land, property, etc., in the different sec- tions surrounding, as well as in the city. He also does conveyancing and advances loans on mortgages, and is also agent for the loaning of private funds. He charges the lowest possible rates of interest, and his terms are liberal. He is a native of England, and a gentleman who by his straightforward dealing and honorable business methods has built up an enviable clientele, who find it to their advantage to transact business through him. He is a gentleman held in high regard in the community for his many sterling qualities. to ten competent hands who are under the immediate supervision of Mr. Holiday. He manufacuires ales, porters and malt, a large iiroportion of the malt lieing sold in the United States, the other products being confined to I'anada. The capacity (li the brewery is 75 liarr-'ls of beer per brewing, and the malthouse 30,000 bushels of malt. Mr. Holiday is an expert brewer, and has built up a good trade by making nothing liul the best of ales and porters and guaranteeing their jiurity. The sjiring used runs 60 galhms of water iier minute, spdntane- (lus flow, having a normal elevation of 36 feet, which is a great ;i(lvanlage over most other breweries in ditlerent sections of the Cduniry, which have to depeP'.l upon river water entirely. The water used |iossesses the same constituents as that used by the celebra'.ed Allsop's brewery in England. Mr. Holiday is a geidleman who has won for himself an excellent re])utation by his honorable metliods (jf business and his intrinsic social (pialities. Hewer & Werlleh, Livery, Poard and Sale Stables, Macdonnell Street.— The business conducted by ^Ir. Hewer was established over 30 years ago in a frame building which was n(jt removed until one year ago, when the present handsome brick structure was erected. In the beginning of Octobi^r, Messrs. Hewer li Werlich, the present proiirietors, pur- chased the business from Mr. James Johnson. The premises are 40x110 feet in dimensions and Ouelph Brewery, Thomas Holiday, Bristol St., corner Fleet Street. — Holding a prominent place | among the leading breweries in this section of the j country is that condm. ed by Mr. Thomas Holiday, j and known as the Guelph Brewery. It was estab- : lished in 1836, and has earned a good reputation ! throughout the Dominion for the superior quality of , its product. The premises occupied are fitted up j with all the most approved and latest machinery in I the line that inventive genius could devise for im- prfcved methods of brewing. The building is large and commodious, and employment is given therein three stories in height, with excellent ventilation, and all the conveniences necessary for the health of the horses entrusted to their care. Two care- ful and competent grooms are in attendance, and give every care to the horses entrusted to them, so that gentlemen need have no hesitancy in ]ilacing their horses there for board. In the livery depart- ment there are ten spirited and stylish horses, and conveyances and vehicles to correspond. Mr. Hewer is a native of Canada, and a painstaking, en- ergetic and enterprising gentleman, and under his supervision there is little doubt but that the livery will become still more popular with the general public. 100 CITY OF GUELPH m m VI. M. Hepburn, liools and Shoes, Wyndhnm i St. — rioniinent anmn^ the hoot and shoe merchants in (iiielph is Mr. \V. M. Ilophurn, who is located on Wyndliam Street, having succeeded to the business j)revioiisly carried on by Messrs. Deniii.'- y are in use, one of soap and the run by a steam ihe annual out J5oth Mr. A-.1am are natives of well as capable : Street.— The y surgeon havr now have their human race. part of the i-ever, to attain the domestic man. Among profession in V- S., whose uebec Street. I business for ;e practice in Jronto Veteri- ant office of Ontario Agri- I, an office he the students. 75>; 100 feet, . the stables 'ved sanitary 'r. Grenside ^^- He also d makes a '• He is a ■nt, and is a ny intrinsic nd Hatters, well repre- resentative itiried with 'O., whose eet. This e past five with grati- ear. The isions and assorted s carried, e designs, kets. A :h branch )n for the materials extends jive em- 5sistants, at of the land and 3, while men a»-e ^ted the 'tewart e. of the city of 'tntieniaii. The ,/■ n n n' ^ v ,"'"' ^^''''^^'^'' '^'''''l'''' ■"•'! <" '1-' '"'li'l^^v mm.;,,,, this ,u,ml.cr i., in.reas.d to l)nt.-Uold,ng the leading ,,lacea,„ong ,h,. dru^giMs over 20. M,. i ..y u;,s nver to i.;ngla„d this last sea- I'ueipi, IS ihe a„vu named -inn, and made some heavy pu, chases of books, (Jlirisl- l>l,sii,e>s lie iKiw C(in- iii,c;ts was establisheil by liini twiiily-t),)e years ago, and he i,,.s built il U|) I'o its present enviable positicjn by „i)riglii ami lionoiable dealing, by undcrslaml'ing the wants of the public and aiilicipatiiig them ; also by keci)inf; nothing but the best and most reliable goods, so that whatever wms purchased at "Petrie's'' could be implicitly depended upon. The gentleman is proprietor of two stores in Guelph, one on Upper Wyndham, the other on Lower Wyndham Street. Both a,e handsomely fitted up establishments and models of interior decoration. They are objects of interest to the stranger as well as the resident, and will rank with any in any city in the Dominion. The store on Lower Wyndham Street, of which the accompanying cut is an exact copy, is the handsomest in the I)o,iiinion, built entirely for the drug business, is 22x95 feet in dimensions, four stories in height, with three stories in rear. The store on Upper Wyndham Street is i6xuo feet in dimensions and three stories in height. Employment is given to eight competent assistants and clerks. The stocks kept are full and com]ilete, embracing pi, re fresh drugs and chemicals, proprietary medicines, toilet articles, ]ierfunies, fancy articles, etc. A specialty is made of compounding phy .icians" prescri]iiioiis and difficult formula'. The traiie extends throughout the city and country, and is very compiehensive in its sweep. .Mr. Petrie is a member ot the Associaticm of the Ontario College of Pharmacy. He is a Canadian by birth and a gentleman highly esteemed, and represented the city in the Council witl honor to himself and profit to his constituents. Day's Book Store, T. J. D.ay, 29 Wyndham Street. — The business men of Guelph are a pushing, active, persevering and enterprising set, and " the weakest must go to the wall." Certainly Mr. T. J. Day is not one of the latter class, for to all intents and purposes he is an ideal businessman. "Day's Hook Store" is one of the institutions of the "Royal City," and known to every inhabitant. This gentleman has been established in busi- ness for the past 27 years, and from a comparatively small beginning has built up a very extensive business, quite metro- politan in its character. The premises he occupies consist of a main store 22xtoo feet in dimensions, with two lioors above, each 22x56 feet in dimensions, and two floors adjoining, extending over another store of the same dimensions. In these he keeps a very extensive and compre- hensive stock of books, stationery, blank books, fancy goods, toys, wall papers, " music and music books, window shades, baby car- riages, mouldings, etc. , in foreign and domestic goods. He keeps employed five male and four female clerks. mas cards of most beautilul de-ign;-, from some of the leading firms dealing in these lines. He buys for cash, andso takes advantageof all discounts; and purchasing 102 CITY OF GUELPH in lart^e lots, can almost set his own price, and so he can un(|iicsii()nal)ly sustain his reputation for seljinf; (heap. Ho has completed several alterations on his premises which ^;ive him more room for the storage and display of hi.s uoods. His trade extends throujjhoui the city and county, and his store is a scene of busy activity from morning till night. Mr. D.iy is a native of Ireland, and has resided in this country for 31 years. He is a gentleman ol great business ability, and superintends every detail in his establishment, and is held in high esteem in the community. John Davidson, Insurance and Steamship Agent, The Market Sijuare. - It is an acknowledged fact that in-iurance is amongst the most important branches of business in any community. It gives security to commercial transactions, as well as a sense of prolectif)n to the householder. Without it the merchant might lay his head on his pillow at night with the haunting thought that he may rise a beggar in the morning ; with it he can slumber peacefully, knowing that should his property be born and educated in Cluelph, and holds a higli pl.n c in the estimation of the people. Mr. Davidson is C.iptain in the First I'rovisional Urigade of Field Artillery. Robert Stewart, Planing and Lumber VanU, Upper Wyndhani Street. Among the most jjronii- nent of the old established houses in this city is thai (if the above, the business being established in 1S511. For a few years after its inception Mr. Stewart mil with aggressive and jiersistent opposition from tlir carpenters, but he was matle of the right materiid, ancl opposition only caused him to put forth great'.i exertions and concpier the opposition, and in this lie fully succeeded. He went on from success to succes.^, constantly increasing his facilities aiKl extending hi^ |)remises, until at the present time they cover two acres of ground, including his lumber yards ami planing mill, the latter being situated on Uppei Wyndham Street, lie gives employment to 30 C(mi petenl and skilled workmen who are under his per sonal supervision. Mr. Stewart is a practical workman and employs no foreman, paying attention to that matter himself, and thus ensuring a proper performance of the work. There is less waste of material in his works than in any other mill of a similar nature in Ontario, and on this account, and from the saving efiected by the non-emplo/ment of foremen, he is enabled to sell cheaper than those whose business is not so well conducted. Mr. Stewart sells to builders, carrying at all limes a large stock of sashes, doors and such like, and making wha'ever is desired on the shortest notice. He does a very large business, selling in Toronto and through other towns and cities as far west as Goderich. Tie has men in his employ who have worked for him some 17, others 20, and still another 25 years, which speaks well for both employer and employed. When he gets a man who suits him he never discharges him. He uses three teams in the prosecution of his business. He has all the latest and most improved machinery, which is run by a 25-horse power engine. Mr. Stewart is a native of Canada. swept away by tire, the insurance agent is ready to replace it. Holding a leading place as a represen- tative of insurance companies in Guelph is Mr. John Davidson, whose office is located on The Market Square, where he has been established for the past twelve years, and consequently has had an extended experience in insurance matters. He represents the following leading companies: Imperial, Northern, Phoenix, of London, Caledonian, City of London, Hartford, Scottish Union and National, Connec- ticut, Agricultural, New York Life, Accident, of North America, Lloyd's Plate Glass Insurance Co., and the Dominon Plate Glass. All of these companies are well known, reliable and long-estab- lished, being conducted by gentlemen who merit the confidence of the business public. One year ago Mr. Davidson also became agent for the following well-known steamship companies: Anchor Line, Dominion Line, Netherlands Line, and Black Diamond Line. Mr. Davidson has two canvassers on the road all the time, and does an excellent business throughout the city and county. He was C> J, Soule, Architect, Macdonnell St.— To the genius of the architect ancient Greece and Rome can lay the proud distinction of being the finest cities for architecture in the world. St. Peter's at Rome and the temples of Athens bespeak their fame, and in these more modern days the beauty of our cities can be ascribed to the same source. It requires talent, taste and persevering study, to plan out a beautiful struc- ture that will be pleasing to the eye and at the same time meet the requirements for which it is intended. Among those most prominently identified in this line of business in the City of Guelph is Mr. C. J. Soule. He studied his profession in the office of a leading London (England) architect, and has certifi- cates and prizes for drawings and designs from the South Kensington School ol Art and Science. Mr. Soule has, amongst other notable buildings, built the Court- House and Jail at Orangeville and the Presbyterian Church in the same place ; the High Schools at Camberford and Walkerlon ; also Mr. J. D. Williamson's residence in this city. In addition to his profession he is now making a specialty of publishing photographic views of Canadian scenery, which are very fine in finish. He has also a branch office in Gait. Mr. Soule is a native of England, and has resided in this country for the past fourteen years. He is an excellent gentleman, and a devoted professor of his art. 'i-m m IIKPUESENTATIVE HUSINKSS MKN 108 liolds a liigi, J, I Mr. Davidsuii l^rij;aclc of Ji, I'l Luml)er \'ar,i,, ; ilk' most jjioiiii. 1 lliis city is thai ,>f iMislied in iHj(,. Mr. Stewart nu t Position frnin tin 1^' lijjht niateri.il put forth j,rrea(. I '".and in this lie ucccss to siicces,, fKl extending hi\ they cover twd "I'er yar(Js and ''ited on Uppci ■nient to 30 com re nnder his per '■■^ a practical paying attention siiring a proper is less waste ol 9ther mill of a lis account, and ■eniplo/ment of 'per than those '• Mr. Stewart a large stock of 'ng wha'ever is •es a very large jh other towns He has men in me 17, others )eaks well for gets a man He uses 'iisiness. He machinery, he im lU: x\ Riigine. Mr. d Hi Walksr & SOHf l-'amily (irocers, 47 W'ynd- liMin Street. — Among the most inipoitant industries (if any community are tliose which deal in the necessaries of lift;, and next to bread and meat, noiiiing is more necessary than groceries. IJuelph 1ms many lirst-ciass esial)lislmients doing business in this line, prominent among the number being the linn (if 11. Walker iV Son. Tins l)usiness was eslablisiied in 1S61, and since its inception has rapidly grown lull) prominence. The premises occujiied, which are located at 47 Wyndham Street, are 22\So feet in dimensions and tastefully fitted up, and contain a large stock of staple and fancy groceries, teas, Irag- rant coflfees, table delicacies and condiments, hermeli- rally sealeii goods, etc. To facilitate the rapidly increasing business, the adjoining store, of e(|iial si/e, lias been acquired and fitted for use. They are also large fruit importers and dealers, their leading lines embracing Valencia oranges, Messina lemons, straw- berries (in season), cherries, bananas, peaches (American), cocoanuls, etc. ; also a|)ricots, Hartlett l)ears, plums and fresh tigs. The business of the house has developed over 100 per cent, since its in- ception, and this may be accounted for by the fact that the firm handle nolhing l)ut the best and freshest goods in their line, and by liber.nl and straightforward dealing with tlieir customers have earned their con- fidence. They give jinployment to six assistants, and use two horses and waggons for the delivery of goods to customers. Mr. li. Walker is a native of Scotland, and his son, Mr. (ieorge Walker, a native of CJucljih. Hoih gentlemen understand their business in all its details, and are deserving of the large patronage they enjoy. iMii are 18x85 feet in dimensions and two lloors in height, on the lower being the reception rooms and studu), which are tastefully tit'ed up, and ccmtain all the latest requirements of the photograjilier's art. His custom comes from all parts of the city and the sur- rounding country. Mr, Dobereiner is a native of (iermany, but has residtd in this couniry for a great many years, lie i-, an exjieri photograi.her and a thorough artist, and his works do him praise. T. Peppor & Joseph Frazee, manui.ieturersof ( arnagearid Waggon Axles. - .\niong the prominent inaiui- ^^ facturing indusiries of (iuelph is that A< Jp Little 8r COm Dry Goods and Millinery, 77 Upper W^yndham .Street. — Among the prominent business houses of (iuelph, one deserving of special mention in connection with the dry goods line is the firm of A. J. Little & Co., who are located at 77 Upper Wyndham .Street, and have assumed a position in the mercantile community creditable to themselves and of benefit to the city. The business was estab- lished three years ago, and has made marked progress in that short lime. The premises occupied are 24x1 10 feet in dimensions and three stories in height. A full and well assorted stock of staple and fancy dry goods is carried, embracing all the lines ; also carry- ing a complete and elegant stock ol furs ; they also make to order mantles and millinery. They have won an excellent reputation for the (piality of the goods kept by them, and for the style and finish of the garments made by them, and their artistic designs in millinery. Employment is given to 15 assistants and operators. The trade extends throughout the city and country. Mr. Little is a native of Canada, and a gentleman who takes a lively interest in all public affairs, being at the same time a conservative and reliable business man. Philip Dobereiner, Photographer, Macdonnell Street. The photographer's art is one that requires much judgment, artistic skill and long practice, to sutcessfuUy prosecute it. Of late years the process has been scientifically developed, so that now a photograph is a " thing of beauty and a joy forever." Amog those engaged in this line of business in Guelph is Mr. Philip Dobereiner, of Macdonnell Street, who has been established in his present premises for the past 18 months, although he •conducted the same line of business in Caledonia for 18 years previously. The premises occupied by conducted by .Messrs. T. i'epper vV Co., whose works are located on Wellington Street. This business was established nine years .igo by the present lirm, and since its inception has steadily grown in iiuporiaiice and extent of territory where the goods are sold. The lirm manufacture the celebrated Anchor liraiul and Duplex Carriage and Waggon Axles, which, for superior ijuality of material and excellence of work- iiianslii[), have no superior in the Dominion. Their Duplex Axles are to be had at all the principal hardware stores in the country, and tlieir trade is prin- cipally centred in Ontario. The axles made by this lirm have earned a high reputation for excellence and durability, which has been the main cause of the firm's business success. Employment is given to 15 com- |)etent and skilled workmen throughout the year. The premises ticcupied are 40x80 feel in dimensions, and substantially built of stone Both mendiers of the lirm are natives of Canada and practical workmen, and possess all the rec|uisites to business success, viz., push, perseverance, enterprise and ability, and merit the regard of the community. Charles H. Evans, Insurance Agent, cor. St. (ieorge's S(|uare and Wyndham .Street. — About the necessity of insurance as a measure of security to life and property there can be no ipiestion, but with most persons the difficulty lies in tl e selection of a company in which to take out a policy. There are a number of companies doing business in Canada that are entitled to public conhdence, and prominent among these are those represented by Mr. Charles II. Evans, whose oflice is located in St. (jeorge's Scpiare. This gentleman has been established in business for the past ten years, and is a reliable gentleman in all matters rel.i.ting to insurance. The companies he represents are : (Juaidian Fire As- surance Company of London, England, which was established in 1S21, and has funds amounting to $20,000,000; London and Lancashire Lile Assurance CoiTi]3any ; Waterlof) NTiitual Fire Insurance Com- pany ; the Lancashire Insurance Company, with a capital of ^'3,000,000 ; and others. He effects insurance on factories, mills, farms, furniture, dwel- lings, stores, stocks, grain, etc., on either cash or mutual plans, at the lowest current rates. These companies are time-tried, and their records are such that any companies might be proud of. It is a record of men intelligent and economical, adminis- tration and trusts fulhlled and confidence deserved, that entitle them to the appreciation of the public. Mr. Evans is a native of England, and a gentleman well known in the community and an experienced insurance man, fully posted in its every detail, and eminently qualified for the important position he holds. 104 CITV OF (lUKLlMI o 3^^ W. O. Smith Bt Co.i ( hunii^t and l)riii;^'ist, corntr Wviidham and .NlaciloniK'H Sircils. 'llie oldest I'.slahlislifd dni|; stoii' in Ciiulph is tlial of Mussrs. W. Ci. ^niilli iV Co.. wiiidi i> located at tlic corner olWyndliam and Macdonnell Streets. It was founded as lonj; ajjo as KS4S by Mr. N. lli(jin- l)otham, who was succeeded 1))' Mr. K. Ilarvey, wlu) in turn was succeeded in 1S75 i)y the present proprif tors. The building occupied is a handsome substantial structure, iS x 73 ft. in dimensions, and tastefully fitted wp inside with all the r((|uiren)ents for the business coiuhicted. The frontage on two rise and pro^res^ ol ihliii) ol (iuelpli, the " Koy.ii City," as she is called, ii.Vlr. John Smith, banker, S; Macdoniiell Street. This ^entUnian arri\ed in llu place from Kn^Kini ness and farmers' notes. Money is loaned on real estate, and money is iiuested for parties on mortgai^e and other security for winch he enjoys unexceptioin'.l advantages. .Mr. Smith is agent and valuator foi '' The Canada Landed Credit Company" and " The Toronto (Jeneral Trusts Company.'' He also sells real estate liy auction and takes assignments and manages estates, and having been an official assignee for many years, he possesses all the knowledge re (piiied which lengthened experience can give. lie prepares deeds, mortgages and wills, and investigates land titles, at the same time being commissioner for taking affidavits in the High Court of Justice. I 1 streets has large plate glass windows, which give a flood of light to the s-tore. Messrs. Smith \ Co. are accomplished chemists and pharmacists. They make a sjjecialty of compoundins physician>' prescriptions ! and difficult fornniUv:. They carry also a general as- sortment of pure, fresh drugs and chemicals, all the standard proprietary medicines, fancy and toilet ■■ articles, perfumes, and nil those articles re(piired by physicians in their practice. Mr. Smith is a grad- uate of the Ontario College of Pharmacy, and is a native of Guelph. He is a gentleman highly esteemed by all classes of the community with whom he has 1 resided for so many years. ! John Smith* Banker, Land, Loan and Financial Agent, 83 Macdonnell Street, Guelph, Ontario. — Among those most prominently connected with the W. McLaren & Co., lioots, Shoes, Rubbers, Trunks, Valises, etc., Wyndham .Street.- -Holding a leading jilace among the old established business houses in tjiielph is that at present conducted by Messrs. \V. McLaren & Co., on Wyndham Street and corner of St. (ieorge's .Square, which has been estab- lished over 30 years. It was first founded by V. Frest, and afterward became Frest & Hepburn, who sold out to R, Mc(jregor «.\: Co., who were succeeiied three years ago by the jnesent firm. The premises occupied are 25x40 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, where employment is furnished for five assistants. A large and well-assorted stock of boots and shoes is carried, from the finest of kid to the heaviest and most serviceable ki]). Messrs. McLaren & Co. also manufacture cu-tom work to order on the shortest noiice, and all work is guaran- teed to be of the best both as regards (|uality of material and finish of workmanship. The trade extends throughout the city and county, and is con- stantly increasing. Mr. McLaren is a native of .Scotland, and a gentleman who takes a great interest in all business matters that tend to the development and improvement of the city. He is also a member of the Council, of the Guelph Board of Trade, i^resident of St. Andrew's Society, and is well known and highly esteemed in commercial and social circles. UKl'UESKN TAI'I \ K lUSINKSS Ml'.N lor Mr. i;. Railfoid into paruicr:iliip, and it was ilieii con- iluclL-d as J. ! ). Williaiuson A' (. D. ; fiiur years lalcf they look ill anothi T lariiitr. One jear alter the ati- iniNMon of tlie last iiRiiiioiicil i)arliier, J. I). William- son retired, leaviiii; one of his sons, J. II. Williamson, ill his stead. Tiiis tirni lairieil on tnisiiu-.s for live years, when it was dissolved, and J. J). Williamson's two sons, J. 15. and R. .'^. Williamson, reopened under llie firm name of J. D. Williamson iV Co. They have now been in l)iisiness for the past two years. Such is a brief synojisis of thechanj^esthat havetaken placesince the inception of the business. The present members of the tirm are Mr. J. li. and Mr. R. S. Williamson, The premises oecujjied are lar^e and spacious, l)einf; two stores joined by an archway, each beinj; 30MO0 feel in dinieiisior.s and three sl(nies in heiglit. with basement. A large and well assorted slock of gener- m 10(1 CITY OF GUELPH m Ik. m al, stnple ami fancy dry goods is carried, the tirm imnortini;, direct from the leading niamifacturers in C'.reat Ikitain and the conlineiil, all the laiest and most fashionable designs and novelties in the dry goods and cloth lines. There are also departments for dressmaking, niiilinery, mantles, merchant tailor- ing and ready-made clothing, carpets and oil-cloths ; in fact, everything 'hat can be thoiiL' the prosperity of the business and to benefit thcii customers. Charles Cottis, Insurance and General Agent. 26 ^^yndham Street.— Among those prominent!} connected with the insurance business in (nielph i- Mr. Chas. Cottis, whose office is located at 20 hi of in the Wyndham Street. This gentleman his been estah (irvLwls lines or'laat is usually carried by a first- 1 lished in business for the past two years, and durini: cla>s metropolitan establishment. The number of that time lias built up an excellent custom. He 1. clerks and operators employed is as follows; 14 well knovyn in this city, h.aving been for some yeai> salesmen and saleswomen. 6 milliners, 30 tailors and head book-keeper for Mr. C.eorge Sleeman of the 12 dressmakers, making 62 in all. The busines.s of the tirm extends throughout the city and in adjoining sections of nine counties, and has greatly increased -Afilhin the past few years They sell at both whole- sale and retail. Theannu: 1 outinit averages $150,000 Silver Creek l^rewery. He is agent for the Royal London, Liverpool \: Globe ; Sun, Life i\; Accident : and the Terth Mutual ; all of which are well known and reliable companies, conducted by conservative business men, who have been thoroughly tested b\ Both the Messrs. Williamson .nre natives of t'anada, ' years of experience. Mr. Cottis' businefs extends and are lui.diiim, active, energetic anil enterprising throughout the counties of Wellington, ^^ aterloo, geiitleiuen, the are fully alive to the reipdrements of ]ni!)lic and ever anticipating their wants. They held in nigh estimation in the community lor their social and business (pialities. John M. Bond & Co., Shelf and Heavy Hard- ware, Wyndham Street. -The business of which the present tirm are proprietors was established in 1S4S, when the city of (iuelph was a comiiaralively ILalton and Dufteiin. He is a native of England, and has resided in this country for 18 years. He is a practical accountant, and is a member of the Ontario Association of Accountants. He is a gentle- man taking a deep interest in the welfare of the city, is public-spiriieil and liberal in his ideas. He is a member of the School P.oard and also City I Auditor, and is held in the highest regard in the i cointnunitv. small place, by Mr. W. j. Brown, who solil hardware interest to Mes.srs. .Smith \- Spohn. out his A few Robert Cunningham, Insurance Agent, Federal liank Building. — In an account of tile nunufacturing and business interests of the city of (uielpli, it is neces- sary ihai due mention should be made oi the insurance comi)anies, which add to the solvency and solidity of the various enterprises, nnd affording that )uolection and security oidy guaranteed by the best underwriting ir.stitutions. Mr. Robert Cunningham, whose olVice is located in the Federal Bank liuilding, is a representative of several ot the best insurance comjianies in existence, and as he has been in the insuiance business for 22 years, he is per- fectly reliable in all his statements with re- gard to the companies he represents, for he has had his choice of representing all the leading companies. He has been established in the insurance years after a Mr. Thompson purchased the hardware business for 22 years, and is well known and respected business from .SmitluV' S])ohn, and 111 turn a few years , l)y all The following are the well known and sub- later Henry .Mulliolland inirchased it from Mr. Thoniji- stantial companies he represents: The \Vf>stc,n -Vs- son. In 1S6S Messrs. [ohn M. l>ond & Co.. the present • surance (tire and marine), of Toronto ; Br lish Ameri- tirm, purchased the business from Henry Miilhoiland, ; can (fire and marine), of Toronto; Nortli British i!v; and for the ])ast 18 years have continued to carry it ' Mercantile (fire and life), London and Edinburgh ; on with murli success. The premises occupied are (,}uebec Fire Insurance Co., (,)uebec ; Gore District large an. Ik- is a gentleman possessing all the necessary (|ualifica- tions for business success, and is highly respected Walker is a native of Guelpli and wa-; educated here, while Mr. Glass is a native of the United .Stales. Both gentlemen are young men full of jnish, energy and enterprise coupled with ahility, and seem bound to establish a business second to none of its kind in the Dominion. Ouelph Carriage Top Company, Walker .v (ilass, corner Xorwich and Dublin Streets. — (iueljih is noted for its many diversilied industries and the enterprise of its manufacturers. Among those who mav be said to hold the lield to themselves in the city is the linn of Walker \- ("dass. ]ndp(ietors of the John Blanchfield, Livery, r>oard and Sale Staoles, (^'uebec Street. — Among the many excellent livery siables in (iuelph must be mentioned that con- ducted by Mr. John lilanchlield on (^)uebec Slrtet. It has been a matter of succession for the past six or seven years. Ii was first siarteil by Hiram Anderson, who conducted ii one year and was succeeded by James Alexander, wb.o had it for two years and retired in favc)r of John Wilson, who did business fi r iS months and then made way for C'utton iV Spragge, who ran it for three months and then made room for James I'almer, who was jiroprietor for nine months, and who gave delivery of the premises one year ago to Mr. John lilanchtield, the present pro)iriet(ir, wlio a]ipears to have c 09Wd/'^& 09.— Tne inventive genius of this progressive age has found one of its most fertile lieltls in devising implements designed to lighten the labors of the agriculturist ; and the progressive farmer of tlie day is provided with machines which, to a great extent, relieve him from heavy manual labor. Among houses well known for the production of these wonderful devices is that of Thomas Gowdy& Co., whose works are lo:ated on Suffolk Street. The business of this company was first established 15 years ago by Cossit & Co., who were succeeded in 1S80 by the present firm. The premises occupied cover 2 1^ acres of ground, upon which are erected six separate buildings and stab'es. The main building is 2'A stories in height, the others I story, The foundry, polishing shops and black- smiths' shops are one story in height, and every con- venience for the proper turning out of the work is contained in the difTeient departments. The works ^ contain the latest and most approved machinery, which is run by a 50-horse power engine. Over 4.0 skilled workmen are employed, all under com- petent foremen. The firm manufacture all kinds of reapers, mowers, sulky rakes, fanning mills, land rollers, root cutters, turnip sowers, straw cutters, sulky p'.oughs, gang ploughs, single ploughs of all kinds, harrows, lawn mowers, etc. The quality of the goods manufactured has given them a wide-spread re- putation, and the trade extends throughout the Domin- ion, Australiaandothercountries. Mr.Gowdy isanative of Canada and an enterprising and energetic gentle- man, and one who takes a deep interest in all that is for the good of the city, and his opinion is looked for upon all important questions. He has served in the Town Council and Itoard of Aldermen for over 20 years. He is a gentleman highly esteemed in the community. REPBESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 109 machinery, gine. Over under corn- re all kinds I mills, land aw cutters, Dughs of all ualityofthe e-spread re- theDomin- dyisanative ;etic gentle- 1 all that is i looked for ;rved in the or over 20 lied in the I Charles Walker, Conveyancing, Insurance and | Real Estate, Cuttin's Block, corner Wyndhani and ' Macdonnell Streets. —Among theimportant industries I in any civilized community is that of insurance and real estate. Without insurance business would be | unstable ; one merchant would lie afraid to trust another, not knowing how soon his property might be ! swept away by fire, without any chance of comijcn- sation. Real estate also is an important factor in a new country, such as Western Canada may be said, comparatively speaking, to be. Among those doing business in these two lines is Mr. C rles Walker, whose office is located in Cuttin's 1}i„>.k, corner of Wyndham and Macdonnell Streets. Thisgentltman has been established in business for the past eight years, and has built up an excellent practice, his busi- ness extending throughout the city and county. He does conveyancing and negotiates loans at the very lowest rates ; is agent for some of the most prominent and stable insurance com- panies in the country ; is an accountant, and, settles up estates and balances l)ooks and such' other matters as come under that head. 11 is a native ol England, and is a gentleman held in high esteem for his many good ciuali ties ; he takes a. deep interest in the city's wel fare, and served as alderman for four years. 93 London Road. Mr. Kellett is a native of Canada, and is a practical soda water manufacturer, having had many years' experience in that line. He is a gentleman who is much thought of in the community for his business habits and social disposition. Royal Hotel, Mr. Watts, proprietor. — One of the most prominent hotels in Guelph, as it is the oldest established, having been founded in 1840, is the Royal. It is the most liberally patronized hotel in the city, both by commercial travellers and tourisls. The present proprietor, Mr. Watts, assumed control a few months ago and instituted many changes which have increased the popularity of the house. lie was formerly proprietor of the Wellington Hotel for eight years. The hotel contains 75 bedrooms, all Charles Auld, Jr., Carriages, Harness, etc., Wyndham Street. — The starting of new business houses in any community is a sure sign that the place is in a ]irosperous condi tion, and that there is room for all to do well In this respect we might mention the house of Charles Auld, Jr., which is located on Wyndham .Street. This gentleman started in the business as late as August last, but he has every facility and requisite to place him- self on a solid and successful foundation be-' fore many months. Already he is doing a very encouraging trade which older houses might envy. The premises occupied by him are thirty by one hun- dred and fifty feet in dimensions, spacious and com- modious, and tastefully fitted up for the requirements of the business, besides large yardage accommoda- tion. He has on hand a beautiful stock of American and Canadian carriages, harness, horse clothing, whips and stable fittings, all of the latest designs and the newest make. He gives employment to a num- ber of hands, and personally supervises all matters himself. He is a gentleman who most thoroughly understands the business, having bee.i engaged in the trade for the past 19 years. He is a native of Scotland, and possesses all the push, energy and persistent application necessary to business success. W. H. Kellett, Pop M-anufacturer, 93 London Road. — The invigorating and refreshing power of the beverages made by Mr. Kellett make them doubly grateful as pleasing, non-intoxicating drinks, exhila- rating and revivifying, having a ready sale through- out the city and surrounding sections of country. Mr. Kellett has been established in business for the past five years, having bought the jilant from his pre- decessor, Mr. C. E. Starr, which consists of three cylinders, bottling apparatus, two bottling tables, a machine for charging syphons, etc. He manufac- tures pop, ginger ale, cream soc'.a, sarsaparilla, lemon soda and plain soda, which, for superior (juality, are not excelled by any other manufacturer. He keeps a two-horse team for the country and a one-horse '■ waggon for city delivery. His premises are located at well lighted and ventilated, and comfortably furnishe'' parlors, silting rooms, and a spacious dining room, tastefully furnished, where will be found an excellent menu, which cannot be surpassed by any other hotel in Ontario, all the delicacies of the season being served. The cuisine is all the most fastidious could ilesire, and is under the charge of an experienced c/ief. There is a neatly fitted up bar and a spacious and handsome business office, together with fine sample rooms for commercial travellers. The hotel being situated near the depot, is easy of access to travellers, who take due advantage of its location as well as its liberal treatment. And we can safely say that for home comforts this hotel has no equal in Canada. Mr. Watts is a gentleman who makes a genial and painstaking host, and is very popular in the community. The Guelph Carpet Faotory, J. & A. Arm- strong & Co., Neeve Street. — Among the special industries of (Juelph holding a leading position is that of carpel weaving, the representative house in this line being the well known Guelph Carpet Fac- tory on Neeve Street, of which Messrs. J. & A. Armstrong & Co. are the proprietors. This business was established fourteen years ago, and during that time has grown to large proportions, the trade now extending throughout the Dominion. They manu facture all kinds of woollen, union and ingrain carpels of a high quality, mostly foieign wools being used, being of a better grade than the domestic. The premises occupied are 140x140 feet in dimensions, in detached buildings, principally built of stone and two 110 CITY OF GUELPH \i J stories in heigln. Tiie different departments are the weaving and dyeing, and the slock room and business office. The machinery, which is the most imjjroved, is run by a j^-liorse power engine. I^mployment is given lo fifty skilled help on an average, and the out- put of the factory is from thirty-tive lo forty jiieces per week. I!oth Mr. J. and Mr. A. Armsiiong art- natives of Scotland, and Mr. K. Dodds, the oilier partner, is also a native of that country. Tliey are gentlemen of energy, pL-rseverance and enterprise, and have established ilieir l)usines.s upon a sure foundation. Ryan, Berkinshaw 8f Co., Dry Goods, Car- pets, Millinery, etc., 9,5 fpi^er Wyndluim Sireel.— When the city of (uielph was still in iis infancy, the business now conducted by Messrs. Ryan, Berkin- shaw .V (■". wa^ established by John Hogg; that was in the year 1S52. not suffer for the want of dry goods, millinery or mantles, for there are many first-class houses from which to make their selections. Among tliose jno- minent in this line i.s the Jones' Dry (Joods Company, ofS5 Wyndham Street. This house was establishul three years ago, anil has rapidly developed in its trade relations, which now extend throughout the city P.n'l country. Tlie premises occupieii are 24x120 feet in dimension.s, being spacious and c(jmmodious, and fully stocked with a comjilete and well assorted line of .staple and fancy dry goods, all of the latest pattern.^ and fashionable designs. Here also skilled operators are employed in mantle making and millinery; the style of garments turned out being seeoml to none in the city, for which reason the house is largely palroni/.ed by the ladies of the city and .surrounding country. I^mploymeiit is given to eleven assistants, who are cointeousand painstaking to serve customers. Mr. Jones, the i>roprietor, is a young gentleman of marked business ability, enterprise and energy, and i,-. Secretary of the Guelpli IJoard of Trade, a jiosition which he lill.s to the enlire satisfaction of the lioard twelve years ago ' and wilh credit to himself moved Irom and much esteemet the old stand further down the street to | David Tripp, Hoots and Shoes, Wyndham St.— Situated in tlu' centre of commercial activity on the jiriiicipal thoroughfare of tiade, on Wyndham Street, and carrying one of the most complete stocks ol boots, shoes, rubbers, elc, Mr. Tripp .staiid.s pron i- nenl as one of the represenlatise men in the line in The well .soon fivor aiul paironag am it was business w as | managed, and ;rew in popular .y al lie is a native of Canada, who know him. the city. I'.stablished 15 years ago, it has had a long, new blooil infused into the business sliowing its inmifcdi- ate ellect. The lirm have taken for their motto "A nimble sixpence is better than a slow shil- ling,'' and they sell goods ui)on that principle. tiie present location at 93 U|iper Wynd- ham Slri'et, where more lilting accom- modation was found. Mr. Hogg was well known in town and countiy by his sign ' honorable and prosperous career, and has grown in of " The W (iiHlerlul 1 commercial importance as the years went [lasl. Tiie .Man," which still premises (^ccupied ate commodious ami well adapted stands over the door, lo the business, being 22x30 feet in dimensions, and The present til ni sue- ; are stored with a large and complete stock of goods reedeil to the busi- ; of all kiiid-i and descriptions in the boot and shoe line. ness ill February of | The house ])ossesses ever\- known facility for the the present year, aiul ! successful prosecution of the business, and owing to since that time the j Mr. Tripp's long experience, and his w uU -spread and business has more j intimate relations with manufacturers, he is enabled r a p i (1 1 y increased I to offer to the public inducements in the way of first- over the previous ex- j class reliable goods al low prices, not surpassed by tende.l trade, the any other boot and shoe hi)use in the city. O. W. Rowen, Dea'er in Itoots and Shoes, K.irk"s ( lid Siand, Upper Wyndham Street.— 15oots and shoes are an abs(.)lute necessity in any civili/ed community or cold climate. Expose the feet to damp and cold, ihe health is undermined, and consumption The premises occupied are large and commodious, being 28 x 150 feel in dimensions and three stories I or speedy death set in. Consequently those who ileal in height. Here is a complete and well selected stock i in boots and shoes have a wide field for custom, of dry goods, carpels, tweeds, reaily-made clothing. Among those who hold a prominent position in this and the firm manufacture millinery and do dress- ; line of industry is Mr. (.'. W. Kowen, whose premises making to order. They give employment to thirty- } are located at 75 Upper Wyndam Street, 3 doors above three assistants and operators throughout the year, the I'osi Oftice. They are I2.xi 10 feet in dimensions Their trade extends throughout the city and country. ] and three stories in height, and well stocked with a Mr. Ryan, the senior partner, is a Canadian by birth, and was in the dry goods business in Orangeville tor "US, and subseciuently in Harrie for four years, jrkinshaw is also a native of Canada, and was many years with the great dry goods house of John Macdonald & Co. ,of Toronto. Both gentle- men are possessed of energy, perseverance and push, combined with ability, and are highly esteemed in the community. Jones' Dry Goods Company, 85 Wyndham Street.— Certainly the ladies of the " Royal City" need well assorted selection ol boots and shoes of all kinds, from the finest of kiil to the heaviest kip. Mr. Rowen established the business for himself two and a half years ago at Ivirk's old stand. He does a large business both in city and country, and [uir- chasing, as he does, ng those ]iro- >"(ls Compati) , ■vas estahlishtd 'Ped in its trade nt the city p.nd 24x120 feet in iniodioiis, and 1 assorted line latest pattern-, died operat(ji> iiiiliinery; ihe !cond tu none use is largely I surroiindini^r ten assistants, rve customers, gentleman of 1 ener^^y, and de, a position <»r the Hoard ^■eof Canadn, m. iidham St. 'livity on the dham .Streel, te stocks ol lands promi- 11 the line in ■^ had a long, ins grown in past. The 'ell adapted .'nsions, and of gtKlds I'l shoe line, ity for ihe kI owing to spread and is enabled >ay of firsi- irpassed hy lul Shoes, et.— Hoots ly civilized et to damp 'nsiimption '■i who deal 'r custom, ion in this e ]iremises I'ors above limensions t^'l with a Jc's of all viest kip, I'lself two He does a and pur- ufacturer, the same, lefit in a )ur assist- d State.s, alilies in- W. Sunley, Dealer in Coal and Wooc Stoves, Ranges, fast Iron I'umps, Sinks, etc.,MarkelS(|uare-'rhisgentleman estab- lished business twenty-four years ago, and since its inception it has more than doubled in volume of busine-,s transacted, and now extends tb.roughout the city anc' country. Mr. Sunley deals in (he bes makes of i oal anions and four stories in height, where em|)loyment is furni.-.hed to four skillful millers under the practical su|>ervision of .Mr. Thomas Roesch. The mill contains one set of rolls, three runs of fiour stones and one chopper ; the engine being 45- horse power. The daily capacity of the mill is 75 barrels. The leading brands of fiour manufactured are "Silver Spring,' " The best Superior i;eauty,"'etc. : cracked wheat, Graham fit)ur and rye fiour delivered in any quantity ; also jiatent roller ]irocess Hour, and the leading brand is the " Vesta." The (piality of these is such as to cause an active demand for them in the Lower Provinces' markets. Mr. Roesch, the proprietor, is a ])ractiral miller, and has been engaged in the business for many years. He is a native of (iermany, and has resided in this country for the jiast 32 years. He is a thorough- going, active and enterprising business man, who, by his own unaided efforts, has built up a trade of which he may well feel proud. Richard Rosehman, Button W^orks, Queen ' Street, Waterloo. — The manufaclure of vegetable I buttons is one that employs a large amount of ' capital, and gives employment to many hands. The ' nut from which the buttons are made is grown in South America in swampy ground. The plant creeps along the ground for about 20 feet, and then i rises perpendicularly to a height of from 12 to 18 feet, I with large leaves, and flowers containing a cluster ; of the nuts, weighing on an average about 3 lbs. to '< the cluster. The outer shell cracks open and allows ; the nuts to fall to the ground, when they are gathered I by the natives and transported to the ports of ship- ment. Among those prominently engaged in the manufacture of vegetable buttons is .Mr. Richard Rosehman, whose works are located on Queen Street, Waterloo, where his premises consist of a handsome brick structure, 3J-2 stories in height and 40x110 feet in dimensions ; the engine and boiler house being 26x26 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, the engine being 35-horse power. The manufactory contains all the most improved machinery used in this line of manufacture, consisting of saws, borers, turning lathes, etc. Besides the plain buttons the RKPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 115 in the differciii finish of oacli coulcl (Icniand. (Hit the Domin- (le, Init do nol liesakeof lilhnu sfiiior meiiihcr I iias served in n K. Kauffman, live of Oxford 1 are capable, men. Thos. Roesch, cliuing centre, nt [ilace in ilii., i,ij the various lolds a jn-onii- eadiny place in lescli, proprie- lill, whicli ha.-, , ami since tin.' lias lieenyreat- low exiendinj,' ovinces. TJie feet in dinuTi- lieii;ht, where usilu•^^ since |S;S, and in .Septendier last reuKAed into his present new building, which he erected specially for the busi- ness, lie gives einployinent lo 75 skilled hands on an average throughout the year. He is a native of (iermany, and by patient industry, coupled with enterprise and ability, has built up an excellent trade. Mercantile Fire Insurance Co., I'. 11. Sinis, Secretary. -Among the insurance companies uhich are worthy ol generous suppurt is the .Mercan- tile Fire Insurance Company, of Waterloo, which has been establishtd for the past ten years. The Mibscribed capital uf the Conipaiiy is $200,000 : paid up ill cash, $20,000, and ( lovermiifnt deo -sit, $20,100. The record of the Company has been excellent, anti it has ste.adilv but con- stantly advanced. The losses 'fiir l8,S5 were below the average, being only 49 p.ei cent, of the net income, and after paying a 10 per cent, dividend on the paid up capital, there was on hand, over and above the paid up stock, an amount ol at least 1 10 per cent, greaer than re'|uired to reinsure all risks. There was a gain in business during 18S5 over 1SS4 of $io,O()0.52 in the premium income, and a gain in assets ol $'4i4''5-57- During the year 5,75(1 poll cies and renewals were issued for insur ances amounting to $5,951,556, on which premiums were received in the sum of $89,131.86, and including interest on in- vestments, made the total receipts for ihe 3'ear $92,301.05. The total insurance in force on Dec. 31st, 1SS5, was $6,906,795, and the reinsurance liability on these ri>ks $37j9S7-3^- The ofticers of the Company are, J. E. Howman, Ks(|., President ; John Shuli, Esq., Vice-President ; P. II, .Sims, Ks([., Secretary; James Ltjckie, Es(| Inspector, and Alexander Millar, Escp .Mr. Sims is a gentleman eminently qualified for the position. this foundry is of the very best description, superior in qualiiy and jierfect in finish, which has been the main cause in Iniilding up and retaining their extensive trade. The annual output of the concern is over $40,000. Poll) members of ihe firm ari' natives of Canada; .Mr. Pricker, the -enior member, being die piaclical man and supervising the work, while .Mr. Snider attemls to 'he tinaneud and business affairs, the latter gentleman being a representative of the North Riding of Waterloo'iii the Local House. The industry they conduct is alike creditable to ihemselvts and the town of Waterloo, Lion Brewery, Christopher Iluelher, King Street, WatLTlon, This bu.iiness was established twenty seven years ago, and since ils inception has steadily and. ra|iidly advanced in volume until ai the present day it holds a prominent and enviable posi- .Solicitor. Waterloo Foundry, Pricker A Co., King Street, Waterloo. — Was established by Mr. Jacob Pricker, father of the present senior member of the firm. It was started in a comparatively small way, and it requiied untiring exertions and a lively spirit of enterprise to build it up to im- portant proportions ; but those qualities were not wanting, as the result achieved testified. The busi- ness is now conducted by Messrs. Levi Pricker and E. W. P. Snider, under the firm title of Pricker & Co. The 38 years that have passed since the found- ing of the business have seen many extensions in the buildings to accommodate the increasing trade, until to-day their extent is as follows : Main building, 45x100 feet in dimensions and two stories in height ; moulding shop and engine room, 50x80 feet, one story ; blacksmiths' shop, 30x40 feet, one story ; J paint shop, 30x50 feet, one story frame ; and imple- ment shed, 34x100 feet, one story frame. In these employment is furnished to 40 skilled and competent workmen. The firm manufactures a general line of agricultural implements, including reapers, mowers, binders, threshers and hay binders, besides general job work and repairing. The work turned out at tion among the l.iger breweries of the county. The Itemises occupieil are 70x250 feet in dinien.sions, and the brewery is three stories in height, with hotel in front, which is four stories. All are .solidly built of brick, and the architecture of the hotel is imposing and artistic, and an ornament to the street. The brand of lager manufactured is the celebrated "Lion " brand, which has a wide-s])ieail reputation throughout Waterloo ami Perth counties, where the sale extends. Lm[)loyment is furnished to nine competent hands in the brewery, and four heavy teams are used in the delivery business. The brewery contains thirty-two fermenting tubs and all the latest and most improved machinery and appliances, while the engine is 25-horse ))ower. The annual output of the brewery is 10,000 barrels, and the malting capacity is 15,000 bushels per season. In the hotel there are forty well lighted and ventilateil and comfortable bed- rooms ; seven parlors, neatly furnished ; dining-room, office and bar. The iiicnu is excellent, and contains all the delicacies of the season as well as the sub- stantials, while the cuisine is unsurpassed by that of any other chef in this section of the county. Accom- modation is made for both transient and regular boarders, the rate being $1.00 per day, with special rates to regular boarders, Mr. Huether, the genial and popular host, is a native of Paden, Germany, and is a gentleman of much business executive ability. '^- 116 TOWN OF BERLIN TOWN OF BERLIN i#»«^jii^i Louis Brelthaupt & Co., Tanners, Queen Street, Herlin, Ont. The lar^^cst and most iniporlant tannery and leather house in Ontario is that Itnown as the " Eagle Tannery," owned l)y Messrs. Louis lireithaupt v\: Co., of Berlin. This business was established in 1858 by the late Mr. Louis lireithaupt, and in its incei)tion was not, comparatively speaking, of large proportions, but on account of the superior quality of the leather manufactured, and the perse- vering energy and tnterprise of the inceptor, it rapidly developed, extending in volume year by year, until it reached its present immense proportions. On the decease of the founder in 1880, the business was carried on under the management of his three sons, Mr. Louis J., Mr. William II. and John C. lireithaupt, under the direction of the executrix and executors. The said L. J. and W. H. are the ex- ecutors, their mother, Mrs. Catharine Breithaupt, being executrix. The sons are young men, but understanding the heavy responsibility icEting upon their shoulders, and being gentlemen of sound com mon sense and more than ordinary business ability, have not only maintained the former standing of the firm but have materially developed it ; and finding that it was necessary to increase their production to fill orders, it was found necessary to build a new tannery, and so a large and substantial structure was erected at Penetanguishene, on the shores of the Georgian Bay, where hemlock bark could be obtained in sufficient quantities for their requirements. This new tannery manufactures Spanish sole leather only and is one of the largest of its kind, and is said to be the model tannery of the Dominion, having a capacity for turning out 700 sides per week. The tannery there is fitted up with all the latest and most improved machinery and appliances known to the trade. The tannery in Berlin has a capacity of 1,000 sides per week of sole and harness leather, peerless calf, peerless veal kips, prime upper, etc. The firm also at their warehouse on Queen Street carry all kinds of foreign leathers, shoe findings, tanners' tools, etc. They sell both wholesale and retail, and being themselves manufacturers as stated, are always prepared to give the best value, both in quality and prices, of any leather house in the Dominion, m C. Sohnonkor, Photographer, King St.— The art of photography, possibly more than any other line of business, has made most rapid improvement during the past ten years. Not a year has passed in that time but new methods and appliances have been invented to develop the art and maUc a photograph "a thing of bcauiy and a joy forever." Among the number prominently engaged in this line ill Berlin is Mr. C. Schnenkcr, whose studio is located on Kin^ Street. This business was estah- V' lished 10 years ago by Mr. L. II. Wilder, who conducted it for seven years, when he was succeeded by the present proprietor. Mr. Schnenkcr is a thorough artist, and does all lines of the photographer's art, in eluding crayon, India ink, water color and oil work, and, of course, the usual process by photography. The work exe cuted by this gentleman is exceptionally fine and I life-like, and his enlargements in crayon are works of art which it would be difficult to excel, while the prices he charges are remarkably low. The operating room is 12x35 feet in dimensions, and the reception ! room is of similar proportions. Mr. Schnenkcr is I a native of Canada. Pequognat Bros*, Watchmakers and Jewellers, Berlin and Waterloo.— The inhabitants of Berlin are well supplied not only with the necessaries but also i the luxuries and adornments of life, and there can be i no excuse for going out of town to make purchases, I when the mer 1 chants here keep such ex- cellent stocks, and sell at tht lowest pos- sible prices. Among those engaged in the watchmaking and jewellery business must be mentioned Messrs. Pc- quegnatBros., whose estab- lishment is located en King St. East. This business has been es- tablished for over 1 1 years, and since its inception has met with very favorable sue cess, the development being very gratifying. The premises occupied are 11x50 feet, with a very nice stock of watches, clocks, chains, rings, brooches, scarf pins, and such other articles in this line as are usually to be found in a first-class jewellery establish- ment. The firm also make a speciality of watch repairing, of which they do a great deal. They give employment to three competent and skilled assistants, Hampden Watches REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 117 years. Not a atlimel)ut neu ices have been he art and make hii)g of lieaiiiy Among the engaged in this C. Schnenkcr, ated on Kinj,' ess was estal.- ■'y Mr. L. H. ■ed it for seven cceeded by the Mr. Schnenkcr 'I'own Couneilior in Mount , Forest, where he resided previous to coming to Merlin. success. It requires very little to be said in favor of these instruments ; they are well and favorably known throughout the entire Dominion. The works of the Company are located in Bowmanville, and are the largest and most complete of their kind in the country. During the past two years the demand for the Dominion organs has more than doubled, and they are now to be found in England, Australia, West Indies, South America, Germany, Russia, and almost every civilized country on the face of the globe. At the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia in 1876, it was the only Canadian organ receiving an international medal and diploma of honor. This they received against 40 other competitors, the W. L. Schmidt, General Merchandise, Golden Lion Store, King Street East.- In Herlin there is a good deal of barter transacted betwet'U llie farmers and storekeepers, the farmers bringing in produce and exchanging it for other commodities. (Jn this account there are many stores whore groceries, dry goods, -lassware, etc., are kei)t in general stock. Holding a jirominent place among those doing busi- ness in this manner is Mr. W. L. Schmidt, whose store is located on King Street East, where he has been established for the i)ast live years. The pre- mises occupied are 24x100 feel in dimensions, and are well stocked with a large and well assorted stock of dry goods, groceries, glassware, etc., carefully selected, and sold at the lowest market value either for cash or in exchange. I'lie business since its inception has increased steadily year by year, and shows at present marked tendencies to further de- veloi)ment. Mr. Schmidt gives employment to ihree competent and obliging assistants on an average throughout the year. He is a native of Canada, and a capable and enterprising business man, who, by hard work and close attention, has built up his busi- ness to its )iresent standjioint. He is a member of the Herlin tioard of Trade, an organization productive of much good in business matters, and is a gentleman highly esteemed in the community. J* H. Oorman 8c COi* Family firocers. King Street. — The family grocery trade of IJerlii; is well represented by honorable business men, s'ho are full of enterprise. Among those who hold a leading position in this line are Messrs. J. II. Gorman cV Co., who are located on King Street. These gentlemen have been established in business for the past eight years, and have built a trade that is very satisfactory, increasing as it does steadily year after year. The premises occupied are 22x45 feet in dimensions, with a warehouse in rear 16x25 ^^eet in dimensions. Here a large and carefully selected slock of fine groceries, crockery and glassware are carried, including the best brands of teas and coffees, spices, table delicacies, etc. A s pecialty is made of the celebrated national brand Baltimore Oysters, put up by Keagle & Guider, both in cans and bulk, and which are largely handled at wholesale and retail, as are also fruits of all kinds, and sweet potatoes by the barrel ; the firm being direct importers cf these go ids, which are sold at the lowest market rates. The trade of the house extends throughout the town and surrounding country, goods being delivered by team. The firm give employ- ment to three competent and courteous assistants. Mr. J. II. Gorman, the proprietor, is a native of Guelph, and is a capable and enterprising business man, highly esteemed by all who know him. 118 TOWN OF BERLIN I' 'Hit. f», I '\ ■. \ A. MIolincr, Clenernl Store, King Street Knst.— Ammij; llio^c promiru ml) iiliMiiilifd with tlio business intLTfsis cciiircd on Kin^ Mrccl, liiT'iii, ii.Mi. A. Micliiicf. This (;oiuleinaii lias lu-cii osiaMislu'il in Imsincss (or tlic iiast twt) yeais and a half, ami has built up an oxcidlent business. Previous to coming to IJerlin, he was in business in West Montrose, where he also held the olliee of jiostmastcr, and still retains the appointment. Here he occupi.'s two stores, one bein^; devoted to dry (;ootls of all descrip- tions, laces, ribl)i)n>, hose, etc., also millinery, which is all of the latest and most fashionable make. In the other store he carries a full line of groceries, boots and shoes, crockery, etc. The premibcs occu- pied by him are 3S x 48 feet in dimensions, where employment is furnished to six assistants. He uses one delivery wa^^on for ctrnveyinj; fjoods to liis cus- tomers, who reside both in town ami country. Mr. Michner is a native of Canada, and a thorouj^li-Koint;, perseverinf; and enterprisiiij^ business man. lie is doing an excellent business, which is constantly and steadily increasing. Oaorge Harrison, Merchant Tailor, Khii; .Street. -.Among the business houses in lierlin which have been more recently established, and which arc on the high road to success, nnist be mentioned that of Mr. (.ieorgc Ilairison, merchant tailor, whose establislimeiil is eligibly located on King Street. This gentleman estalilislieil the business one and a half years ago, which since iis incejjiion has steadily developed. Tlie premises occupied by him are 22x45 feel in dimensions, and suitably titted up for the reiiuirements of the business conducted. Mr. Harrison gives employment to several skilled hands, and being a practii^al W(jrkiiiaii himself, superintends all the details of the business, ensuring satisfaction in all respects, lie carries a large stock of woollens, tweeds, etc., for trcjuserings, coats, overcoats, etc, of the best imported goods from which to select. The cut and tit of the garments made by him are not to be suri);issed in town, a fact already acknow- ledged by his many customers. Mr. Harrison is a native of Canada, and is a persevering and capable business man, and deserving of the success he is achieving. A. Brieker, Carriage Maker, (Jueen Street.— The trade of the carriage maker is one of much im- portance in any community, and esiieciall)' in a jilace like Herlin, surrounded as it is with a large farming community, who depend in a great measure on vehicles of one kind or another for their means of trans])ortation. Among those most prominently en- gaged in this line is Mr. A. Liricker, whose works are located on (Jueen Street, near King. The premises occupied are 35x70 feet and two stories in height, where employment is furnished to 12 skilled and careful workmen. The business has been established for the past eight years, and has steailily increased in extent since the date of its inception. Mr. Bricker builds all kinds of carriages, buggies, waggons, etc., and has gained a high reputation for the excellence of workmanship and the quality of material in the vehicles constructed by him. He receives and fills orders for all parts of the Dominion, doing a large business in the West and North-West. He is a Canadian by birth, and a practical workman as well as a capable, enterprising and persevering business man, and one who is held in the highest esteem in the community. He has often been invited to allow himself to be elected to public office, but has been forced to decline on account of pressure of business. n«iLno<|iiw«TCH ^') August FuohS, King Street.— When Herlin was a sparsely inhabited hamlet, the i)resent proprietor oi the Key.stone Coin Jewellery store on King Street establishu'd the business. That was 40 ye .is ago, and he had a viiy successful career. The |)remises ot'cupie 1 are 13x48 feel in dimensions, and hand somely lilted up with elaborate glass show cases, where a large and elegant slock of jewellery and silverware is displayed to advantage. Mr. I'uchs makes a specialty of the Rockford and Columbus watches ; they are certainly the best American watches made. In cases, the Keystone coin silver watch case, (.!" which the centre, back, cap and bezel are made complete of one solid, seamless piece of coin silver without a i)article of solder. This is certainly the best case in the market to-day. Mr. I'uclis gives eiiiploymeiit to four comjietent and skillful workmen. He is a native of Maden, Cermany, and was a member of the Town Council here for years. He is a thor- oughly practical working jeweller, understanding all its branches, and makes a particular branch of watch repairing. He is a gentleman highly honored and respecli'd in the community. Jossph Bury, Dealer in Fancy Groceries Pro- visions, CaOiied (joods, etc. — The people of Berlin and surrounding jountry should not want lor groceries, for they have many good stores to supply their wants. Among ihe later established in this line is Mr. Joseph Bury, whose store is located on King Street. This gentleman started business eight months ago, and by the superior quality of the goods kept, including the choicest brands of teas from China and Japan, fragrant coffees from Java, Rio and South America, hermetically sealed goods, table delicacies, condiments, pure spices, provisions, etc., and by a splendid display of the stock in a well appointed store, which is 16x60 feet in dimensions, and by selling on the lowest margin of profit, has built up an excellent trade, which is rapidly extending. Mr. h::i>|{ehkntativk iusinkss mkn 110 Hymman Bro*. & Chambarlain, Ilaii ware, Stoves, 1'uiii|j.s, v-ic, l^ing Miect. 'riie liaiilwarc trade of Kerlin is one in which a lar|;e aniouiit of capital is invested, and in which employ- nienl is furnished to many hamls. 'I'lie jjnods haiulied are those in use in all liuildinj; operations, houses, stores, olllees, etc., and conNeiiuenlly tlie demand is lar^e and the held of operntions extensive. Anion|j; those actively and prominently en^n^jed in this line of industry is liie hrm of Messrs. II)ininen Uros. & Chamberlain, whose business has lieeni established for the i)ast six years, Mr. ('hamberlain' havint; been adndtted a ])artiier last siwiiii;. The premises occupied are large and commodious, beiiii; 20x124 feet in dimensions, where a large and well a.^sorted sloctc of hardware, stove.s, pumps, tinware, hot-air furnaces, cutleiy, etc., etc., is carried in profusion. The firm manufacture tlieir own tinware both for order and for stock. They give employment to S competent assistants and skilled workmen, and use one team for the delivery of goods lo customers, vvlio come from the town and surrounding sections of country. The business since its ince])tion lias been constantly improving and still steadily increases, the volume of business transacted tliis fall being very large and in advance of former years. All the mem- bers of the firm are natives of C'anada, and im- bued with all those business characteristics which ; have made the country such a successful commercial one. They are held in the highest regard by all who know them. August Hertle, Planing Mill, King Street East. — Among the many industries which tend to make up tlie importance of Berlin as a manufacturing centre is that of the manufacture of sash, doors, blinds, etc. : Holding a front place among those engaged in this ; line of industry is Mr. August Hertle, whose shop is located on King Street East. The premises occupied , are 45x50 feet in dimensions and three storits in height, being a frame building. Here employment is furnished to U skilled workmen throughout the year, the number being increased according to the season and the pressure of business. Mr. Hertle manufactures all kinds of sash, doors, blinds, and all ; kinds of builders' furnishings. He also utilizes part : of the power to run a feed chopping mill, which is a | great convenience to those keeping horses in the ! vicinity. .Mr. Hertle is also a contractor and builder, and does considerable work in this hue aroun ensuring satisfaction to his custom- ers, and still further luiiMing up his nputation for eaiiability and skill. lie is a native of C'anada though ol ( ierman e\tracti m, and is, like his country- men who have biiili up iierlin to its present propor- tions, a valuable an.; honored citi/eii. Charles A. Ahrens & Sons, Slipper I'actory. i^>ueen Street, llerlin. — When jnereh.\nts or maiiu- lacturers have lo budd or move to new jiremises of larger dimensions than those they wtre occupying, it is a sure sign that their business is prospering. .Suih is the case with Messrs. (.'harles .\. Ahrens iS: Sons, who uianufacture the liner kinds of slippers. These gentlemen have been eitablisl: vd in busim ss over four years and a half, and have commanded a large mea- sure of success, so much indeed that the)' found their present place too small for them, and so they have moved into their new establishment on <^>ueen .Street, near the corner of King Street. The new premises are 41 x 100 feet in dimensions and three stories in height. These will be fitted up with all the latest ami most improved machinery spLcially adapted to their line .)f manufacture. The)- make slippers in em- iroidered velvet, fancy plush , fanc) repp, superior rt pp and tine ;»iid coinuion lepp, the uppers ln-ing imporicd direct from den" my. They also nianulacturc repp foxed and tweed fo\ed slippers, either machine or hand sewed. The (irm give employment to thirty- live skilled hands in their factory, and the indications .ire that this inmd'er will have to be increased in the near future, should business continue to increase at its present rate. The gentlemen are interprising ami progressive citizens, and are held in the highest esti- mation in the community. Messrs L'has. A. Ahrei;s A: Sons are situated on the third llat, used as factory, and ]iart of second floor as warehouse. .Mr. V. A, Ahrens is the proprietor of the building, which is partly occupied by Raniiall \ Ross as a wholesale grocery and liquor business. A. Vanderhart, Merchant Tailor, Fuchs' Hlock, King Street. — Among the ])opular merchant tailors who enjoy a wide re[nUaiion for first-class workman- ship and style is .Mr. A. Vanderhart, who was formerly cutter with Messrs. BoehuKr \ Erb, but who has been established in business for himself for the past six years. The premises occupied are located on King Street, and are 22x50 feet in dimensions, where a large substantial business is being carried on, the i)atrons being derived from among all classes of the community. Mr. \'ander- hart, as already stated, is a jiractical cutter and merchant tailor, and an enterprising, active business man, popular in the community and with all who have business transactions with tlie house. The store is neatly fitted up, and well (<(uipped with a large, valuable stock of imported woollens for suits and trousering, which are made up io order in the latest fashions, well trimmed and finished, and war- ranted to give perfect satisfaction. Mr. Vanderhart gives employment to seven practical and first-class operators, the number being increased according to the season and the extra pressure of business. He is a native of Holland, and has resided in this country for 15 years. He is jiopular in commercial circles, and enjoys the confidence of all who know him. 120 TOWN OF BERLIN il 12 B. H. Zlsglar. Carriage and Waggon Maker, j King Street Iiast. — In leviewing the commercial and ■ m;uniractiiring iiidusiriesof Ik-rlin the fact is brought ti) light that there are many business houses that had beeii foinided by the early settlers still in existence. \ Among the number and worthy of special notice is | that of Mr. 1<. H. /iegler, carriage manufacturer, of | King Street Kast. This business was established i over thirtytive years ago by Mr. K. /iegler, father ; ()( the present proprietor, who conducted the same successfully for twenty years, and then his son having arrived at manhood's years, the father turned it over to him, althougii Mr. K. Ziegler is still actively engaged in the work. Mr. E. /.iegler h.;s resided in Herlin over forty years, and was one of the lirst councdlors when the place was incorporated as a village, lie has also served on the School Hoanl, and was at one time a Dominion License Commis- sioner. He is a gentleman highly honored in the community lor his many excellent (Qualities of head and heart. Mr. H. II. /iegler, who has now con- vlucted the business tor the past fifteen years, makes all kinds of carriages, buggies, sleighs, w.iggons, carts anil everything that comes under the head ofcaniage or waggon building. The premises occupied by him for the works are 30x50 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, where he gives employment to "!ghl skilled workmen. Mr. /iegler manufactures the carriage in its entirety, from the iron and wood in the rough to the fmished article. His trade exteivls throughout the Province of Ontario, and has been of late, and is, unexceptionally good. Mr. /iegler is a practical workman, umierstanding every detail of his business and personally inspecting all work done in hii establishment, thus guaranteeing to customers the utmost satisfaction. John Fonndll, Hardware, King Street. — One of the mos: successful business men in the town of Berlin to-day is Mr. John Fennell, hardware mer- cliant, whoseestablishment is located on King Street. The pren\ises occupied are ^^xioo feet in dimensions and three stories in height: also three warehouses in rear covering aSxioo feet and one story in height, for the storage ofheavy iron, nails, w^oodenware, plaster of Paris, etc. : and another warehouse near the railroad station for the storageof oils : also a coal yard, located near the station. The business was established in 18:13 by Mr. Fennell, and since that time the traile has been rapidly anil constantly growing. In his extensive warehouse he carries a large stock of hardware, shelf-hardware, heavy irons, carriage hard- ware, cutlery, etc. He gives employment to eight competent assistants, but personally supervises his entire business. He also uses five t<'ams, the trade extending through the town and exten-ive sections of the surrounding country, Mr. Fennell was born in Cobourg, Ontario, on the Sth of August, 1S37. After passing through the public schools of the district he went to Victoria College, and thereafter learned the hardware business. Mr. Fennell, on the formation of the li-rlin Board of Trade, last May, was elected President, and in honoring Mr. Fennell the members honored ihein-ielves and made a most wise choice, ' for he has been educated in that best o( all schools for such a position as he occupies on the Board, namely, practical business, in which he has achieved such unqualified success. He has also held positions of honor and trust in the Council and School Board, and has been for a number of years President of the Liberal-Conservative Association of the North Riding of Waterloo. He is a gentleman of sterling worth, j J> T. Hubert Groceries and Crockery, King St. — Among the many industries in Berlin that call for special notice in a work of this kind is that which deals in the necessaries of life, principal among which is that of groceries. Berlin contains several first-class stores in this line of business, princijial among the number being that of Mr. J. T. Huber, whose establishment is located on King Street in the American block. This business has been established for the past eight years, and since its inception has improved steadily and rapidly. The premises occupied are 23x75 feet in dimensions, and tastefully and appropriately fitted up for the requiremerts of the trade. A very large and well-selected stock of staple and fancy groceries is carried, consisting of the choicest brands of teas and coffees, pure spices, table delicacies, hermetically sealed goods, flour, etc. Mr. Huber makes a specialty of crockery and glass- ware, of which he carries a large and fine stock, and sells at prices that defy competition. His trade extends throughout the town and country ; he gives employment to four painstaking and competent assistants, and uses one team in the delivery of goods. Mr. Huber is a native of Canada, and a gentleman who understands most thoroughly every department of the business he now so succ>-.ssfully conducts. He is a man of indomitable energy and enterprise, and is held in high esteem in the community. J> T> Huber & Oo«« manufacturers of Patent Compressed Insoles, Upholsterers' Wool Batting and Flock.— The manufacturing industries of Berlin are varied in character and important in extent, and aid materially in developing the commercial prosperity of the town. Among the number of prominent specialties may be mentioned that conducted by _'. T. Hubert Co., manufacturers of patent compressed insoles, upholsterers' wool batting and flock. The present firm succeeded Mr. George II. Nelson two years ago, and putting fresh life and vigor into the enterprise, are increasing the business weekly. The premises occupied, which are located near the (irand Trunk Railway station, are 50x100 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, where employment is furnished to 20 skillful workmen. The machinery used is all of the latest and most improved designs, consisting of carding and batting machines, pickers, etc., which are operated by a 30-horse power steam engine with boiler of 40-horse power. The product of the works is sold throughout the entire of Canada to shoe manufacturers, upholsterers and cabinet makers, amongst whom it is in active demand. Mr. Huber is alway.i on the lookout for improvements, and is constantly ailding to his reputation for the excellent quality of material manufactured by him, which is the cause of his constantly growing trade. U. E. Movllle, Chemist ar.d Druggist, King Street East. — Holding a prominent place amon,; the che- mists and druggists of Berlin is Mr. J. E. Neville, who has been established in business for over four years, and since the inception of his business he has found it constantly increasing, the trade now extend- ing throughout the town and country. The premises occupied, wViich are located on King Street East, are 12x40 feei in dimensions, and tastefully .and suit- ably fitted up for the requirements of the business. Mr. Neville keeps a large and carefully selected stock of fresh and pure drugs and chemicals, toilet articles, perfumes, sponges and thoroughly attested and reliable proprietary medicines, etc. He also makes a specialty of physicians' prescriptions and RKPHESENTATIVK BlSINKSS MEN 121 :kery, King st Berlin that call "1 is that which ■'ncipal among pntains several iness, principal •J- T. Huher, g -Street in the sen established -its inception The premises i^nd tastefully equiremcrts of ected stock of consisting of ■S pure spices, o ;. t compressed flock. The Nelson two gor into the eekly. The "■ the (Jrand I dimensions ^loyment is • niachinery 2d designs, es, pickers, ower steam he product of Canada id cabinet and. Mr. ovements, )n for the 1 liy him, g trade. 'ig Street the che- • Neville, over four ss he has ^' e.\tend- premises et East, ^nd sult- 'usiness. selected Is, toilet attested le also ns and .iifticult formula'. Mr. Neville is a graduate of the Ontario College of I'harmac\, and is a skillful and careful druggist, and has all the nuvst modern appli- ances for the prevention of errors in handling drugs and comjiounding prescriptions. He gives employ- ment to two competent assistants. Ik" is a native of this county, having been horn in Hamburg. He is a gentleman who has earned the respect and esteem of the community by his social and business qualities. North Amerloan Hotel, King street West, Dopp ^: ^fcGarry, proprietors.- One of the most reliable hotels in llerlin is that conducted l)y Messrs. iJopp & McGarry, and known as the North Ameri can. The present proprietors recently succeeded Mr. Henry Walder, Ir., the latter gentleman having conducted it for a number of years previously. The hotel is a three-story brick structure, 50.\7o feet in ! dimensions. In it are contained 20 bedrooms, 2 parlors, .sitting room, dining room, bar, and billiard room containing 3 excellent tables. The bedrooms are well ventilated and comfortably furnished, and <]uring the winter are well heated. The w,v/w in- cludes all the delicacies of the season as well as the more substantial, while the luisitic is all that the most 1 fastidious could desire. The bar is well supplied 1 with the best wines, liipiors .and cigars. Employment ! is given to seven competent and courteous attendants, i who look well after the comfort of the guests. The rates of the house are one dollar ]ier day. Messrs. Dopp & McCiarry are both young men of much energy and practical business ability, and possess in an eminent degree those K> Snydor, Dealer in Fine Boots and Shoes, ; King Street. — Among the many business industries of : any community, that which deals in boots and shoes \ is an important one. Hoots and shoes are a necessity At any season of the year, but more especially in our Canadian winters they are an absolute requirement. ' Among those engaged in this line of business in Ber- lin worthy of special mention is Mr. E. K. Snyder, whose establishment is located on King Street East. ; The business was founded two years ago, and since its inception has made very satisfactory progress. The premises occupieo are 19 x 80 feet in dimensions, and consist of one story. The store is eligibly situated on the main business thoroughfare, and near the market and jiost otiice. Mr. Snyder keeps a large and carefully selected stock of ladies' and '' gents", youths' and childrens l)oo's, shoes and rub- | liers, from the finest of kid to the heavy and most \ I serviceable kip suitable for farm wear or winter use. He keeps one assistant, and his trade, which is very fair, extends throughout the town and surrounding sections of country. Mr. Snyder is a native nf Can- a>".a, and is a persevering and hard-working business man, ami well deserving of patronage and success, which he ap])ears to be on a fair way of attaining, for he sells the l)est quality of goods at prices that can- not be beaten. among whom r.mks Mr. E P. Cornell, dentist, whose othce is locate.l in the Germani.i Block, on King Street. This gentleman has been establishes! in busmess for the past six years, and on account of I. • premature duay alrcaih mentioned, and the acknowledge.) skiH ot the gentleman as .-. dentist of a high order of uierif, his practice has rapidly devel- oped, and is at present very good. Mr. Cornell is a gr.aduate of the Ontario College of Dentistry, from which institution he graduated in iSSo. Ills lUhce contains all the latest and most i;nproveil apiiiiances in modern dentistry, and he makes sets of false teeih III the best style of the art. He is a skilled practi- 'ioner, and is deserving of that business success which ■ IS own merits and industrv have achieved. He is a Canadian by birth, and is held in the highest estima- tion by the Berlin romnmniiv. t,:.iri«»ai:-s Irown, Wrifht & Co., Manufacturers of Slip- E. P. Cornoll, Dentist, Germania Block, King ' Street. — There seems to be a greater amount of decay I in the teeth of civilized races as distinguished from | those less civilized, or savage. The Caucasian race apjiears peculiarly liable 'o this teeth decay, while the negro glo/ies in the perfection of his "pearly gates." As to the cause there are several theories, but this article is not a monograph on teeth, but a brief sketch of some of Berlin's leading busine.ssmen, pers, Shoes, etc., (Jueen Street. — The largest manli- laclurers of boots, shoes and slippers in Berlin are the firm of Messrs. Brown, Wright & Co., whose manufactory and warehouse are located on (^)ueen Street. This business was established as recently as 1SS4, but has increased rapidly. The handsome shoes and slippers made by this house have a wide- spread reputation throughout the Dominion for excellence of ipiality and finish, in both of which points they are not excelled by any house in the Dominion. The premises occupied consist of a thre-story brick building, 30x80 feet in dimensions, and with a spacious basement. Here employment is furnished to 50 skilled hands, who are kept constantly emjiltjyed in manufacturing goods to fill the orders which are being receiveil daily from all parts of the country. The works contain all the latest and most improved machinery used in this line of manufacture, and the engine is a lohorse power. The premises are well eipiipped in every respect, well lighted and ventilated, due regard being paid to the health of the 122 TOWN OF BERLIN ^ 'A operatives. Of the members of this firm, Mr. Hrown, the senior partner, is a native of England, as is also Mr. Wright, while Mr. Whiting, the other partner, is a Canatlian by birth. These gentlemen are true representativ.'s of what business men should be ; they are active, progressive and enterprising, and are held in the highest respect in the community. Strieker & Deelle, ISIerchant Tailors, Kitig Street.— When new business enterprises start up in any community it is a sign that there is progress there, and faith in its future prosperity. In this re- spect the future of Berlin is assured, and the assur- ance seems well-founded. A number of good business tirms have lately started, prominent among the number being that of Strieker & Doelle, merchant tailors and dealers in gents' furnishings, whose estab- lishment is located on King Street, the premises being 20x60 feet in dimensions, and containing an excellent and well-selected stock of imported and domestic gents' furnishings of the latest patterns and most fashionable designs, including neck-wear, hand- kerchiefs, braces, shirts, hosiery, etc., which the firm sell at the most reasonable advance on cost. In the merchant tailoring department the be.^t of work is executed, the best and most skillful workmen being employed, A full line of imported and domestic woollens, tweeds, broadcloths, are kept in slock from which to select for trouserings, coatings, overcoat- ings, etc. The most fashionable and best titling garments are guaranteed, and although the firm have only been in business about one year, the rapidly increasing custom which they are receiving is suffi- cient recommendation in this respect. The firm "ive employment to 10 assistants and competent operators. Messrs. Strieker & Doelle are natives of Canada, and are energetic business men, who have merited the highest regard in the community. Henry Knell« Watchmaker and Jeweller, King Street.— One of the most prominent and popular business men in Berlin, and who was established when the town was only a hamlet, is Mr. Henry Knell, watchmaker and jeweller. Mr. Knell came from the land famous for ils manufacture of clocks and watches, and the legendary William Tell, 35 years ago, and two years later founded the present Inisiness, which has proved eminently successful. The pre- mises occupied are i2>^x6o feet in dimensions, handsomely fitted up with elaborate wall and counter M> Orebenetain, Fashionable Tailor and Clothier, King Street. — Among the popular and prominent tailors of Berlin is Mr. M. Grebenstein, who conducts business on King Street, opposite the Germania Block. He is a practical cutter, and has achieved well deserved popularity as one of the leaders of gentlemen's fashions in town. The premises occupied are 23x80 feet in dimensions, and are well stocked with a large and valuable assort- ment of English, Scotch and French woollens for suitings ; broadcloth, etc., which he cuts and makes to order in the most fashionable styles at moderate prices. Mr. Grebenstein controls a large trade among the merchants and citizens, by whom he is endorsed and recommended for his taste and skill in making perfect fitting, stylish clothing, etc. Mr. Grebenstein started in business in 1869, the firm being Gotleib & Grebenstein, which was con- tinued for six years and dissolveing businessman, and is also a pui>lic-spirited gentleman, I taking a deep interest in all that pertains lo the I welfare of the town, which he at present serves as I one of its councillors. ^Stuebing & Smith, Whole.sale Fancy Goods, King St. and Market S(|uare.- Holding an honnred and prominent name among the many indusiries that have contributed lo the development and pios- perity of Berlin is that of Messrs. Stuebing & Smiih, fancy goods merchants, whose premises are located in one of the most handsome brick blocks on King Street, at the corner of Market Square, which i.s Henry Stuebing, Groceries and Crockery.— Among the many important industries in any com- munity there are none of more importance than those which deal with the necessaries of life ; and, next to bread and meat, groceries hold the most prominent place. Prominent among those doing business in this line is Mr. Henry Stuebing, whose establishment is located in Stuebing's Block, opposite the Market. This block -has just been erected by Mr. Stuebing, and is an ornament to King Street, It is 46x60 feet in dimensions and three stories in height, and sub- stantially built of brick. Mr. Stuebing occupies one store, which is 21x60 feet in dimensions, with a warehouse in rear 21x28 feet in dimensions and three stories in height. The rest if the block is occupied as stores, offices and dwellings. Mr. Stuebing carries a large and well-selected stock of general and fancy groceries, the choicest teas from China three stories. in height and about 140x125 leet in I dimensions. When the business was established I over 30 years ago it was in a comparatively small i way, without a thought th.at it should ever reach its 'present vast proporlions. It is undoubtedly owing I to the energy, thrift and marked business ability of the firm, combined with the handling of nothing but the best and most popular goods in the market, that they have achieved such well-deserved success. The large and greatly varied stock which they specially import consists of almost everything that is embraced under the head of fancy goods, and a specially is made of wall papers, of which they regularly import the latest and Uiost fashionable designs liom the leading manufacturers of Europe. Their stock of general merchp"dise is probably not surpassed in the Dominion for extent and variety. lobacconists' sundries, account books, albums, stationery, cutlery, and the countless other articles they handle, are complete representations of Girman, French and American manufacturers' wares in such lines. That the members of the firm control and are constantly extending such a varied and extensive stock proves them to be men of rare business ability and indomi- table energy. Edward VIotor Relnhardt, Brewer, (;)uecn Street. — Among the industries of Berlin, that of lagei beer brewing is not forgotten, and it would be strange if such had been the casein a town peopled so largely with Germans and descendants of ( Jermans. Rein- hardt's brewery in Montreal is well and favorably known throughout a large sccMon of the Dominion for the excellent cuality its product, Mr. 124 TOWN OF BERLIN i k i; Edwavd V. KeinharcU, a son of Mr. Reinhardt, of Montreal, has purchased the brewery on Queen Street, previously conducted by Mr. Spiers, and has commenced the manufacture of the same quality of lagei that has made their product so favorable with the Montrealers. The brewery here consists of the main building, which is a substantial brick structure 45x60 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, with large yardage, two dwelling houses and stables. Tne brewery has all the conveniences and appliances, mash room, cold room, office and store room, etc. There is one vat with a capacity of to barrels, which constitutes their present sales per day, besides their bottling trade. A 15-horse power engine is the motor ; employment is furnished for six competent brewers, and two teams are used for delivery. With Mr. Reinhardt's experience in the Montreal brewery, the people of Berlin may rest assured of obtaining an excellent quality of this favorite beverage. Mr. Reinhardt is a gentleman of excellent business quali- ties and social attainments. John A. Maokie, Importer of Dry Goods, (iroceries. Hats, Caps, etc., Victoria Buildings.— The history of the business house of Mr. John A. Mackie is one full of interest, and redounding in credit to the gentleman who so ably conducts it. Mr. Mackie is the oldest established merchant in Waterloo county, having first commenced his busi- ness career more than 37 years ago in Bridgeport, Ontario, from whence he removed to Berlin, and for the past 34 years has been doing business continu- ously in his present location. The premises occupied by him are 20x100 feet in dimensions, and well arranged for the proper display of the stock carried, which consists of dry goods, groceries, glassware and crockery, hats, caps, etc. Mr. Mackie imports his goods direct and handles nothing but the best quality, and buying largely, gets the advantages of trade dis- counts, which he gives to his customers in selling at the lowest possible prices. He does an excellent business in town and country, and gives employment to three careful and courteous assistants. Mr. Mackie is a native of Scotland, and possesses all those sterling qualities which have made the name of Scotchman synonymous with business integrity, sterling honesty and success in all undertakings. Mr. Mackie has served in the school board, and has been fi police magistrate for the past 26 years ; he is a gentleman held in the highest respect and esteem in the community where he has so long resided and done business. fanning mill works, the latter being 24x65 feet in dimensions and two stories in height. The works contain all the latest and most improved wood- working machinery, and a 20-horse power engine is used. Mr. Kaufman is a native of Canada, and a gentleman of business ability, push and enterprise. He is establishing a business, both in the lines mentioned and as a builder and contractor, that is a credit to himself and a source of prosperity to the town. Amorloan House, King Street, Berlin.— The leading hotel in Berlin is the American House, which is located at the corner of King and Queen Streets, and is conducted by Mr. H. Bramm, who has been in the proprietorship for over one year. The busi- ness, however, has been established for more than 20 years. The premises occupied are a handsome white brick structure, which was erected in 1859, and is looxiio feet in dimensions and three stories in height. It contains 40 bedrooms, which are all large, well lighted, comfortably furnished and heated in winter ; two tastefully furnished parlors, large dinii?g room, office and sitting room, three satiiple rooms for commercial men, billiard and pool room, and bar with all the finest imported and domestic wines, liquors and cigars. Mr. Eiiward Lyons, a thorough gentleman, and who has been connected with the establishment for the past 11 years, has charge of the "spiritual" department, and his cordial smile and warm handshake welcome the commercial "boys'' as they put up at the house, which is most popular with the travelling fraternity. The menu is of the best, and cannot be surpassed by any house in this section of the country, including all the delicacies of the season as well as the more substantial, while the cuisine is faultless. Employ- ment is given to 15 competent and courteous assist- ants, who are careful of the welfare of the guests. The terms of the house are $1.00, $1.50 and $2.00 per day, according to accommodation, and special and reasonable rates are made to regular boarders. Mr. Bramm makes an excellent host, and personally supervises the catering, picking out the choicest that the market affords. Under his management the hotel is a pronounced success, and is steadily increas- ing in patronage. J. Kaufman, Planing Mill, King Street.— Among the prominent business houses in Berlin must be mentioned that of Mr. J. Kaufman, builder and contractor, and owner of the planing mill and lumber yards located on King Street. This business was established in 1877, since which time it has rapidly and steadily increased. The planing mill building is 45x70 feet in dimensions and two and a half stories in height. The lumber yards cover one and a half acres of ground, and a switch from the Grand Trunk Railway runs into it, thus affording Mr. Kaufman most excellent facilities for the receipt and shipment of his lumber and other goods, consisting of doors, sashes, window frames, blinds, and all descriptions of builders' materials, as well as the Paragon Fanning Mills, of which he is the manufacturer. He gives employment to 24 skilled workmen in the mill and The Improved Macio Patent FEED BOX MADE ONLY BV •X>XZEI B. G. TISDILE GO. BR ANTFORD, Ont. lllMl BVFFALO, N.V. Send for testimonial, circular, and catalogue of Iron Stable Fittings ; we lead in this line. If we have no agent in your town send $3 for a sample box, which will pay for itself every few months. AIKENHEAD & CROMBIE, cor. King and Yonge Streets, sole Toronto Agents. See page 80. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 125 24x65 feet in t. The works proved wood- ower engine is Canada, and a nd enterprise. in the lines ictor, that is a sperity to the Berlin.— The House, which ^leen Streets, I'ho has been '. The busi- more than 20 ndsome white 1859, and is ;e stories in ■hich are all ;d and heated jarlors, large three sanipje i pool room, ind domestic rd Lyons, a en connected I years, has ■nt, and his welcome the it the house, ig fraternity, surpassed by including all IS the more Employ- rteous assist - the guests, io and $2.00 and special ar boarders, d personally .hoicest that gement the dily increas- [mproved I) Patent D BOI ONLY BY EZJE] SOIIE CO. OKD, Ont. lIMi LO, N.Y. italogue of le. If we a sample V months, and Yonge ST. CATHARINES. St. Catharines is situated on the Welland Canal, forming the north-east portion of the Niagnra peninsula. It is bounded on the north by Lake Ontario, on the east by the Niagara River, and on the south by Lake Erie. It is the most important industrial and commercial centre in the Niagara peninsula, and has a population of 10,000. Most of the land on which the town is built was purchased in 1816 by the Hon. William Hamilton Merritt from the Hon. Robert Hamilton, of Queenston. The purchase consisted of about 400 acres, the greater part of which consisted of a level plateau, on the south of which is the ridge commonly known as "The Mountain." From the year 1784, when Butler's Rangers were disbanded, until 1824, when work commenced on the Welland Canal, the increase in population was in«ignificanS but from this time a steady and perceptible increase was made. St. Catharines was then known as the " Twelve," subseriuently.as " Shipman's Corners," and finally it received its present name from Catharine, the wife of Robert Hamilton. The one name which is most prominently identified with the history of St. Catharines is that of the Hon. W. H. Merritt, and the greatest achievement of his life was the projection and construction of the Welland Canal, connecting the waters of Lakes Erie and Ontario. It is not now necessary to enter into all the preliminary details — they now form a part of Canadian history ; suffice it to say, that on the 19th of January, 1824, an Act was passed through the Upper Canada Legislature incorporating Messrs. George Keefe, Thomas Merritt, George Adams, William Chisholm, Joseph .Smith, Paul Shipman, John DeCew, William Hamilton Merritt, and others, as the Welland Canal Company, with a capital of ^40,000, divided into shares of ;f^i2 los. each. On Friday, 27lh Nov., 1829, the first voyage was made through the canal from Lake Ontario to Lake Erie, amid much enthusiastic demonstration on the part of the inhabitants of St. Catharines. The undertaking was the most important ever brought to a successful issue on the continent of America, and the great commercial result achieved was the access afforded through these lakes to the oceans of the world. The Welland Canal had been but a short time an accomplished fact when it was found of so much importance that the Government decided to buy out the stockholders and assume it as a provincial work, [n 1841 the Royal assent was given to the Act for its purchase, and from that time it became a public work. A new canal has since been constructed, but it has not been productive of the results anticipated. The old canal had a draught of but ten feet of water, and the new canal was constructed for twelve feet navigation. At the present time it is being enlarged to pass vessels of fourteen feet draught, and the work will be completed early next year. St. Catharines was first incorporated a village in 1845, ^"'1 •" '850 the first election was held under the Municipalities Act. The population has been set down in 1827, at 384 ; in 1843, at 2,354 ; in 1846, at 3,402 ; in 1871, at 7,854 ; and in 1875, at 11,075. In 1872 a Board of Trade was incorporated, under special Act of Parliament (35 Vic, chap. 46, Dom.), Messrs. James Taylor, James Morris, James Douglas and Henry Carlisle being i)rominently identified with its inauguration. During the period of its existence the Board has energetically promoted the commercial interests of the city, the following measures being among the more important : memorializ- ing the Government on the enlargement of the Welland Canal ; on the reduction of tolls and harbor dues on the line of canals between Montreal and Lake Erie ; and at the present time the Government is being memorialized to grant permission to the Niagara & Central Railway to cross the Welland Canal at 126 CITY OF ST. CATHAKINES KSJ m i: li 1.1.' T'^ Thorold, and to grant the customary subsidy of $3,200 per mile. The Presiilcnl is Dr. L. S. Oille.and the Secretary, Mr. George Carlisle. St. Catharines is one of the most picturesque and healthful places in the country. It is hut eleven miles from the far-famed Niagara Falls, and two miles from DeCew 1-alls. The soil of the surrounding country is rich and generous, and St. Catharines is the centre of the finest fruit-growing region in Canada. All the fmest varieties of peaches, apples, plums, pears and grapes flourish in the open air. Grape culture during the past few years has attracted much attention, and the industry has led to the establish ment of the Ontario Grape Growing and Wine Manufacturing Company at Harnesdale, fully a mile beyond the city, where growers find a profitable .narket for their grapes. Large (luantities of apples and other fruits in their season are shipped by the weekly line of steamers Ocean and PeKfia to Montreal. St. Catharines possesses a fine system of water-works by gravitation, which were constructed a few years ago at a cost of $200,000. St. Catharines is connected by street railway with both Merritton and Thorold, two and four miles distant respectively, both of which are situated on the Welland Canal. The great advantages of water power from the canal make this city a valuable locality. The Government intend to open up to the manu- facturing industries, in a short time, the immense resources in water power on the new canal, calculated at 1,000-horse power or more for each lock. The city has fine Public Schools on the graded system, and a large and imposing building for the Cen- tral School, with a competent staff of teachers. The Colle- giate Institute is another line structure, the institution being in a high state of efficiency un- der the supervision of the head master, Mr. J no. Morrison. The Trustees are Messrs. J. C. Ry- kert (Chairman), T. C. Dawson, John E. Cuff, James Douglas, Dr. L. S. Oille and Dr. Good- man. The Opera House, owned by a joint stock company, is a handsome and substantial struc- ture. It is well appointed, and has a seating capacity of 1,100 people. The city is well supplied with churches of all denominations, including the Salvation Army, Some of the church buildings are quite ornamental in point of architectural design, and all are cozy and well attended. All, or nearly all, modern improvements may be seen here, including water-works, gas, electric lights, handsome stores with plate glass fronts, fine sidewalks, and splendid private residences. The Court-House is generally admitted to be one of the finest buildings of the kind in Ontario, the interior fittings costing $25,000. St. Catharines is the market for the surrounding country, attracting large numbers of buyers and sellers. A new line of railway has been projected by Dr. Oille, called the .St. Catharines ct Niagara Central, to run from Niagara Falls to Toronto. St. Catharines has bonused it to the extent of $180,000, and Thorold to the amount of $20,000. The Mayor of the city is Henry A. King, a pushing and energetic young man, son-in-law to Mr. James Norris, ex-M.P. He has filled the office very creditably. His successor is likely to be Mr. John E. Cuff, one of the editors and proprietors of the St. Catharines Journal, a wide-awake and flourishing daily newspaper. Mr. Cuft", who is able and energetic, has served for many years on the Board of Public School Trustees, and for seven years occupied the position of Chairman. He has also been 31 member of KKPllESENTATIVK BUSINESS MEN 127 >. Oille.and but eleven surrounding 1 in Canada, air. Grape le establish fully a mile apples and ntreal. 'ucted a few erritton and ^anal. The overnment ' the nianu- in a short resources in new canal, lorse power The city )ols on the a large and r the Cen- competent rhe Colle- lother line ition Ijeing iciency un- F the head rison. The J. C. Ry- ". Dawson, i Douglas, Dr. Good- use, owned )pany, is a itial struc- inted, and y of 1,100 supplied Idings are is, electric ces. The le interior uyers and I Central, ,000, and w to Mr. Mr. John ourishing of Public ember of the Collegiate Institute Hoard for about ten years, and a member of the City Council for the past tw years, and during the past two years has tilled the oftice of Chairman of the Finance Committee, was asked by the Conservatives to stand as member in their interests for the Local Legislature, declined on the score of other business. His requisition asking him to become a can- didate for Mayor is signed by nearly all the business men, lawyers, capitalists and work- ing men in the city, being a sufficient proof of the popu- larity of Mr. Cuff, as well as a recognition of his ability. A leading feature of St. Catharines is its curative mineral waters, the fame of which for rheumatism and kindred complaints is coex- tensive with this continent. The county of Lincoln is represented in the Dominion Parliament by Mr. J. C. Ky- kert, who has held the pos tion for a number of years i n the Conservative interest He is an indefatigable worl er, and pronounced su]iport< r of Sir John A. Macdonaki Government. The city 1 represented in the Local L gislature by Captain Garso: the labor candidate. Politically, the coun \ of Lincoln is pretty evenl) divided, but during the past four years the Conservative interest has been p.aramount, returning its nominees by fair majofities. elve He liut James D.Tait, import- er of Staple and Fancy Dry Goods, Masonic Temple, 38 and 40 Ontario Street.— It is the common boast of those who live in Montreal and Toronto that no finer dry goods houses are to be found anywhereoutside these cities. The judgment is perhaps a natural one, coming from the source it does, but it is er- roneous nevertheless ; (or in St. Catharines there is a dry goods house which, in its general features, is surpassed by no similar establishment in the Dominion ; and that house is Mr. James D. Tait's. It constitutes the magnificent Masonic Temple strut- ! feet in inside dimensions, two whole fiats ture, of beautiful architectural design, and is 100x60 \ entirely used for Mr. Tait's business of which are The house is 128 CITY OF ST. CATHARINES 1^ handsomely fitted up after the most modern fashion, and embraces every eiiuipment and accommodation incident to a business of this kind. This house was established in 1 866, and the large trade now carried on has been built up by no common ability, energy and push. Mr. Tait imports direct from the English and continental markets staple and fancy dry goods in very large quantities, buying for cash, lie also keeps on hand the fmest slock of imported seal-skin jackets, and all kinds of French and German cos- tumes. A specialty is made of fancy silks and satins, and of the manufacturing deparlments, namely, those of mantle and dressmaking, at the head of which are competent and experienced artistes. The work turned out is not surpassed in the Dominion ; and the extensive trade carried on necessitates the employment of tifty hands. Mr. Tait, who is a Scotchman, is a practical and thorough man of business, having achieved his present enviable position by his own unaided eiTorts. He is most highly esteemed, and is one of St. Catharines most prominent citizens. He has a wholesale house in Toronto, and a branch one in London, England. M. E. CharlOSf Photographer. Ontario Street.— Photography has acquired peculiar prominence as an industrial art during recent years, and is assiduously prosecuted in most cities and towns of any import- ance. St. Catharines is not behind in this respect, and boasts the possession of fitting representatives, whose work is highly creditable, alike to the city and those engaged in it. Among the most prominent photographic studios of St. Catharines is that estab- lished in 1879 by the late Thomas Charles, which, since his decease, has been practically carried on by his widow. The deceased gentleman was extremely well known to the public as a careful and skillful photographer. The work he turned out was of .superior quality, and it may be mentioned that, under the regime of his widow, it has not depreciated. A specialty is made of what is known as direct work, from card to life size. A large and excellent stock of backgrounds is kept, and new ones are being con- stantly added. As might be expected, Mrs. Charles enjoys a large patronage, the work turned out commanding an increasing trade. Mrs. Charles is a lady of mild and pleasing manner, and is deserving of the patronage of which she is in the enjoyment. J. Roldf Merchant Tailor, 50 St. Paul Street.— Few cities comparatively can boast of so many skillful and expert tailors as .St. Catharines. It constitutes here an important branch of trade, and the quality of the workmanship turned out is generally that recog- nized as standard. Prominent among the tailors producing this class of work is Mr. J. Reid, who has been before the public for twenty-three years. This gentleman imports his woollen goods, and makes a specialty of Canadian tweeds; the complete stock is of fine quality. Mr. Reid employs an experienced and competent cutter, and the styles followed are those prevailing in England and America. In make and finish he is not excelled, and while the prices are reasonable, he deservedly ranks among the best tailors of this city. The result is as might be expected — Mr. Reid enjoys a leading patronage, which is constantly improving, a fact which speaks for itself. He is a native of Belfast, Ireland, coming out to this country while yet a boy. He is well known throughout this peninsula, is most popular, and highly esteemed both socially and otherwise. R. Struth«rSt Importer of Carpels, Floor cloths, and (jeneral House Furnishings, 13 St. I'aul Street. — There is nothing which can afford a bettor proof of the soundness and stability of the commer- cial fabric obtained in St. Catharines than the fact that her merchants are endowed with the staying powers that never fl.ig ; and although in an evil hour a misfortune over which they have no control, and for which they are not responsible, may overtake- them, the native element is still there, and they \vill impress upon their time and their locality an indivi- duality, and make themselves felt by a power peculiarly their own. Apropos, Mr. K. Slruthers furnishes us with a case in point, than whom no merchant is better known in St. Catharines, none more highly respected, a gentleman whose sterling worth and splendid executive ability might be quoted as an example for many. Mr. Slruthers commenced business in 1S51 in partnership with the late Mr. Carlisle, the former being the senior partner. After a long and successful business enter- prise the partnership was dissolved, and Mr. Strulhers continued to carry on an individual busi- ness, which, but for a commercial inadvertency, would have proved one of the most successful concerns in St. Catharines. Mr. Slruthers has since devoted his lime and energies to the building up of a trade as a dealer in carpets, house furnishings, etc., and we are within the truth when we say that he has been eminently successful. Mr. Slruthers carries a heavy and excellently selected stock of carpets, floor-cloths, mattings, tablings, towellings, sheetings and general house furnishings, most of which he imports direct for cash, giving the customer the benefit of the discount. In addition to a large local trade, his trade as a jobber extends throughout the country. Mr. Strulhers is agent for the following English and Scotch manufacturers : The North British Floor-cloth Co., Kirkcaldy, Scotland ; Messrs. TuU, Glanville & Co., London, and James Paterson & Co., Dundee, Scotland. Mr. Slruthers, who is a native of Ayrshire, Scotland, is an excellent representative of his countrymen. Allan Bros., Dealers in Furniture, 94- 9^ St. Paul Street. — There is nothing that can afford any belter proof of the taste and social standing of the inhabitants of a city than the character of their furniture houses. St. Catharines has certainly no cause to be ashamed, for some of her establishments^ of this class are among the finest in the country, and prominent among these is that of Messrs. Allarv Brothers. This house was established in 1861 by T. G. Allan, the father of the present proprietors, who some sixteen years ago succeeded to the busi- ness, and are Messrs. T. J. B. anS G. A. Allan,, trading under the firm name of Allan Brothers. These gentlemen carry a most complete and excellent assortment of furniture, embracing all grades — fine,, medium and common — making a specialty of school furniture, of which they are the only dealers in this^ section of the country. The stock is of excellent quality throughout, and in all the latest styles. Up- holstering is also carried on, for which a staff of skillful and experienced workmen is employed. The trade emjoyed is a large and progressive one, Messrs. Allan Bros, being the leaders in their line in St. Catharines. The premises occupied are large and commodious, being 33x60 feet in dimensions and four stories in height, the whole being devoted to stock and manufacturing purposes. Messrs. Allan Bros, are natives of Toronto HKPUKSKNTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 1'2() irpets, Floor gs, 13 St. I'aiil afford a bettor )f the coinmer s tlian the fact h the stayint; n an evil hour D control, and may overtake ,anci they will lily an indivi- by a power R. Striithers lan whom no tharines, none vhose sterling y might be VIr. Struther* ship with the I the senior usiness enter- d, and Mr. lividual husi- inadvertency, St successfiii lers has since niilding up of" lishinjjs, etc., y that he has lers carries a. of carpets, gs, sheetings of which he nistomer the a large local roughout the he following The North , Scotland ; I, and James r. Struthers, an excellent i, 9496 St. n afford any ding of the ter of their certainly no. ablishments :ountry, and Jssrs. Allan. in 1861 by proprietors, the busi- r. A. Allan, 1 Brothers, id excellent 'ades — fine, y of school lers in this if excellent yies. Up- 1 a staff of jyed. The ssive one, leir line in are large iimension* ig devoted ssrs. Allan •far MuslO Stors, W. II. Kckhardt, Dealer in Pianos and Organs and (ieneral Musical Merchan- dise, 83 St. I'aul Street.— That the supply is regu- lated by the demand is an inflexible law in political economy no one will doubt. A denLind for musical instruments of a superior (|uality will create the supply, and in this connection the Star Music Store, conducted by Mr. \V. II. Kckhardt, is to the point. This gentleman commenced business in i860, and made it a fixed rule from the outset to deal only in first-class goods, which he recommended, and in no case handling inferior instruments, rather losing a sail! than putting in an inferior article. 15y adopting this system Mr. Eckhardt's trade has increased each year from fifty to sixty per cent,, and he is now in the enjoyment of the largest music trade in the Niagara district and St. Catharines. His leading article in linoleums, lace curtains, curtain materials, brass ami walnut cornices and poles, and upholsterers' goods. The whole stock is of specially fine (|ualily, and among the lines of carpets and curtains none finer can be found in Canada. The whole is bought for cash, an.l the trade carried on, which is by far the largest of the kind in the Niagara district, is also purely cash. Mr. (leo. C. Carlisle, who has the sole management of the trade, is a gentleman of splendid executive business ability and of great energy. He is most widely known and popular, and devotes a portion of his time in the interests of the city, being c:hairman of the Hoard of Health and a Water Commissioner. pianos is the genuine " Heintzman," of enviable and widespread reputation, and in organs a specialty is madeof the "Bell." Of the former .Mr. Eckhardt sells on an average 50 a year, and of the latter 75. The stock in trade embraces a complete line of musical instruments and musical merchandise, from a Jew's harp to a $1,000 piano, and including violins, and band and string instruments of every description. Mr. Eckhardt also handles the "Raymond," "Do- mestic" and other leading sewing machines, in which he enjoys a large trade. Mr. Eckhardt occu- pies what is generally acknowledged as one of the finest music stores in Ontario. It is certainly the largest in this section of the country, being 100x25 feet in dimensions and three stories in height. Mr. Eckhardt is a gentleman who is widely and most favorably known. He has a practical knowledge of the musical trade throughout, and for a period of 15 years has been leader of the Baptist choir. H. OarlisI* & COi, Importers of Carpets, F'loor Oil-cloths, etc., 42 Ontario Street. — Among the most important trades of St. Catharines is that car- ried on in carpets. In a number of instances it forms part of the stock in trade, but it is represented dis- tinctly by the old and well-known house of li. Carlisle & Co. It was established in 1851 by the late Henry Carlisle, than whom there was never a more capable, energetic and enterprising man of business in St. Catharines. In 1880 the existing firm succeeded to the business, the members being Messrs. H. Carlisle, Geo. C. Carlisle and I. A. Swinton. The wareroom, which is the finest of the kind in the city, is 65x22 feet in dimensions and three stories in height, the whole of which is devoted to stock. The goods are imported direct from the manufacturers in England, Europe and America. Apart from carpets the stock includes floor oil-cloths, Andr«W« ft Aikino, Dealers in Hats, Caps, Furs and (Cents' Furnishings, 27 St. I'aul Street. — The fur trade has always been of great importance in Canada, dating back to an early period in its history ; and those engaged in it have always been characteristic of energy, enterprise an(, executive business ability. St. Catharines, in common with every city (jf importance in the Dominion, contributes its (|uota to that trade, iMominently representeil by the well known house of Andrews & Aikine. This house was establi>hed in 1S62 by Mr. W. Andrews, the senior mend)er of the existing firm, who in 18S3 associated with him Mr. Aikine, trading under the tirm name of Andrews iV Aikine. Located at 27 St. I'aul Street, their store is a large and commo- dious one, being 100x22 feet in dimensions, the whole of which is utilized for the immense stock carried. These gentlemen deal in American, English and Canadian hats, caps, gents' furnishings and furs, the last of which they deal in very largely, including sealskin, beaver, otter, Persian and mink. The stock throughout is of excellent quality, for which this house enjoys a high reputation. Nlessrs. Andrews & Aikine are also large buyers of raw furs, and they are favorably cjuoted in the fur market for tiie prices they offer and the character they sustain. The large and representative trade carried on by these gentlemen has been built up by the adoptioii at the outset of sterling business principles, which have enabled them to surpass competitors under more favorable circumstances. Oak Hall, Ready-made Clothing, N. M. Black, Manager, 22 and 24 .St. Paul Street. — Among the most important branches of trade in St. Catharines is that carried on in ready-made clothing. Although of somewhat recent date, it has been so a.ssiduously developed within the past few years in Canada, and with so encouraging results, that it is now regarded as one of the staple trades of this country. In St. Catharines it is represented most prominently at the Oak Hall, the leading establishment of the kind in St. Catharines. It was founded in 1879, and is asso- ciated with the houses of that name in Toronto and Hamilton. The premises are most commodious and convenient, being 60 feet square and two stories in height. An immense stock is carried of exclusively ready-made clothing, which in quality, make and finish is not surpassed in the Dominion. The price of goods is extremely low, and no better bargains are to^ be found anywhere. The trade enjoyed is by far the largest in the Niagara district, and it is constantly on the -ncrease. This establishment is under the effi- r-.:,a management of Mr. N. M. Black, who has been associated with this house for a long period of years. He is most competent and energetic, and thoroughly reliable. 180 CITY OF ST. CATHARIXKS l«NJ i E. Foel*i Photographer, l St. Taul Street. Canadian photography (hiring thu past eight or ten years lias made so rapid iin])rovement, that it can now fairly hu claimed for the Canadian photographer that he is unexcelled. I'oreniost among the jjhoto- grajjhers of St. Catharines, and occupying an enviable position if compared with the leading photographers of the Dominion, is Mr. K. i'oole. This gentleman commenced business herein 1870, havingsincesecured a patronage the largest of its kind here. He makes a specialty of >lirect work, from the locket 10 life size ; he also engages in view and fancy work, executing each i)ranch in the most approved manner, and in accordance with the generally accepted stand- ards. Mr. Poole has a large stock of excellent backgrounds, to which he is constantly adding, and in photographic and burnishing apparatus he is most com[)leteiy equipjied. Mr. Poole executes water- colors and does also picture framing, of which he keeps a large and excellent stock ; and it may be mentioned that in every branch in which Mr. Poole engages, the work is strictly tirst-chiss. In 1878 he received honorable mention at the Universal Exposi- tion in Paris for photographic work. He is by birth an Englishn.an, but has .'.pent the mos' of his life here, is a most energetic and go- aho:id man ot business ; he has been for a number of years Secretary to the Photographic Association of Canada ; he is most widely known and very highly •esteemed. John Lawrle & Son, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Flour, Mill Feed, Seeds, etc.; 109-111 .St. Paul Street. —The flour and grain trade of .St. Catharines is represented by gentlemen of energy, ability, and of tirst-class business (|ualities. This is especially true of Mr. fohn Lawrie, the head of this house. He commenced business in 1842, as a miller, in the counties of Norfolk and Brant, removing to I'ort Dalhousie in 1850, where he continued the milling industry, being associated with his brother, antl trading under the tirm name of R. & J. l-awrie. In i860 a tlour and feed store was opened, and in 1S76 the senior member of the firm retired, leaving Mr. John Lawrie sole proprietor, and the business has since been conducted under the firm name of John Lawrie & Son. Throughout the long period ^luring which Mr. Laurie has been in business, whether individually or in association, ample and reassuring success has never forsaken him. ' This is saying a good deal, and speaks for itself. Messrs. John Lawrie & Son carry a very heavy stock of flour, dealing in all grades, in coarse grain, mill feed of ail kinds, and of field and garden seeds. The stock can be relied upon as being of excellent quality, and consequently the trade carried on is a large and flourishing one. In seeds a specialty is made of clover and timothy. These gentlemen are agents for this county for .Messrs. John A. Bruce & Co., seed mer- chants, Hamilton. Mr. John Lawrie, who is a Scotchi- . ;, has had a long, busy and useful career. In 1846 he became a constable of the county ; he was subsequently Deputy Reeve for the township of Grantham for 23 years ; he was a member of the County Council of the county of Lincoln, having been elected Warden four times, a flattering honor alike to the abilities and character of Mr. Lawrie. This is a career of which anyone might be proud, and all the more so when the onerous duties which the various positions involved were discharged in conjunction with the absorbing demands of a business growing year by year more important. Three years ago Mr, Lawrie retired from public life altogether. St. Oatharinaa Art Purnltura Worka, Badgley i\: Millar, Designers and Manufacturers of l'"urniture and Home Decorations, 98 St. Paul St.^ Among the industries of .St. Catfiarines the manu- facture of furniture is one of the most important, especially that of the higher grades, as pursued by .Messrs. Badgley A Millar, who have a reputation second to none in the country for the character of the work they turn out. This concern was estab- lished in 1882 by Mr. S. R. Badgley ; (Jeo. .Millar recently purchased his interest, and C. C. Badgley (who has been in connection with the business since established) & Millar make the firm as at jiresent existing. The premises occupied are commodious, being 22x60 feet in dimensions and four stories in height. This is exclusive of the factory in rear, which is 22x36 feet in dimensions and also four stories in height. These gentlemen manufacture furniture of fine ipiality, and design home decorations in the newest styles. They deal extensively in all kinds of furniture, from the most common articles of daily use to the most highly finished and costly. The trade enjoyed is one of the largest in the city, and no better criterion can be found of the reputation of this house than that one fact, when judged by the age of the establishment. Messrs. Badgley & Millar are practical and thorough men of business, highly esteemc'.! Loth socially and otherwise, and widely known throughout the peninsula. This is the only furniture faciory in Niagara peninsula, and parties dealing with this firm have the satisfaction of know- ing their money is kept in their own county, and will return to them again in some manner. Farmers and others throughout the county should note the fact that this firm is always ready and willing to i)ay highest market prices for lumber in furniture, on a cash basis. Saourlty Loan and Savinga Company, St. Catharines (established 1870) : office, St. Paul .Street. — Among the monetary institutions of this city the Security Loan and Savings Company merits a prominent place. Ever since its inception in 1870 it has had a progressive career, and will now take favorable rank among the loan companies in this country. The usual system is carried out of lending money on real estate ; buying and lending on muni- cipal, county and school debentures ; taking money on deposit or on currency debentures issued by the Company. At the end of the first year the amount of loans in the hands of the Company was $2,300, and for the year 1886 they will reach, if not exceed, the very substantial sum of $525,000. At the end of the third year the deposits amounted to $11,000, and for 1886 the sum of $220,000 will be reached. It is a most gratifying feature connected with this Com- pany's transactions, and displays an amount of care and intimate knowledge of the land on which they advance extremely seldom to he met with, that they have but little property on hand and for sale. The success of this Company is largely due to the ability and energy of the efficient manager, Mr. A. M. Macrae, a gentleman who has but one aim, namely, the advancement of the interests of the Com- pany, and the directors are fortunate in securing the services of one so competent and reliable. Following is the Board of Directors : Messrs. Thomas R. Merritt, President ; Robert Lawrie, Vice- President ; Jno. L. Ranney, H. J. Taylor, S. Neelon, R. Woodruff and E. Goodman, M.B. The Solicitor for the Company is Mr. A. G, Brown ; and the Bankers, the Imperial Bank of Canada. St tr;i je\ va ac( rie th< REPRESENTATIVK lUSIXKSS MKX 131 ff FItlSlmons, the Icwcller, No. 31 St. Paul Street. -Anionf,' the most important branches of trade demanding; experience and sisill is that of the jeweller. The stoc.: in trade Ijeiny; of silver and <^old, delicate mechanisms, anil oftentimes the most valuable diamonds, it is a business not easily ac(iuired, and without the necessary skill and e.xpe- rience, cannot be successfully carried on. It is therefore the best evidence in one's favor if one succeed in carrying; on (or a period of years a jewellery trade. This has been done by Mr. Fitzsimons, who has been, established since 1875. This gentleman carries an excellent stock of watches, clocks, jewellery, silverware and optical fjoods, of which a specialty is made. The clocks are chiefly of American and French manufacture, and are of tine quality ; and the jewellery is both English and American. In silverware Mr. Fitzsimons handles the goods of the Meriden Britannia Company and the Acme Silver Plate Company, concerning whom no words of recommendation are necessary. A specialty is made of repaiiing work, which is exe- cuted carefully and skillfully. Mr. Fitzsimons, who is a native of Toronto, is widely and most favorably known in St. Catharines, bearing a high character both socially and otherwise. Charles E. Sfuart, Coal Merchant and Agent Bell Telephone Company, 30 St. Paul Street. — ^It is generally observed by those who have travelled much over this country that St. Catharines, notwithstand- ing its unfortunate geographical position — forming as it does a peninsula, and being neutralized on every side— ranks among the most enterprising and go- ahead cities in Canada ; and among those branches of trade assiduously pursued with surprising business ability is that in coals ; and amongst the most pro- minent coal merchants of this city is Mr. Charles E. Stuart, who has been identified with that trade for some seventeen years. Despite much competition this gentleman turns over on an average 3,000 tons of coal per year. The class he handles is tiiat known as anthracite and bituminous, adapted to ilomestic, founi'iry and black imilhs" ijurposcs, for v^hich there is none better, and the trade enjoyed is necessarily a large one. Mr. Stuart during the past three years has been agent for the Hell Telephone Company ; his office at 30 St. Paul Street being the head- quarters for this district. Mr. Stuart is also Presi- dent of the Coal Exchange of this city. lie is an energetic and thorough man of business, widely known, and is altogether a most estimable citizen and exemplary man. The D. W. Baadl* Nursary Oo. (Limitad) : office, 33-35 Queen Street. — That portion of Ontario embracing the Niagara peninsula is far famed for its beauty of scenery, its richness and fertility of soil. Truly is it named the "garden of Canada," for no other portion of the Dominion is more highly favored by nature. The mild and salubrious climate is con- ducive to the growth of every plant capable of pro- duction in Canada, and after a visit to the extensive and famous nurseries of the D, \V. lieadle Nursery Company, one is convinced that the power and variety of productio'i is all but unlimited. Here apjiles and pears, grapes and peaches of the most luscious and tempting kinds, are brought to full fruition ; here the rose, in its varied colors and tints, blooms and per- meates the air with the sweetest aroma ; while the alder, the l)eech, the larch and the maple, lend an additional attraction to these nurseries by their magnificent formation and their beauty of foliage. These nurseries are the oldest in Canaila, having been in existence since 1830, and to the late Dr, lieadie, father of the present manager, their existence is due. They are situated about two miles from the centre of the city, and cover altogether about loo acres, the ground having been gradually acquired to meet the demands of a rajiidly increasing trade, and to allow of the introduction of a greater variety and a larger stock of trees. The hothouses and frames cover at least half an acre. These nurseries are now con- ducted under a joint stock company, Messrs. Thomas Keys (Treasurer of the county ol^ Lincoln) being President; I). W. IJeadle, Manager; and S. Pocock, Treasurer. These gentlemen grow all sorts of fruit trees.small fruits, grape vines, in which they are among theinost extensively engaged of any in the Domin- ion ; small shrubs, ornamental and shade trees, of which they have at present a lilock of between 20,000 and 30,000. A specialty is made of all fruit trees, grape vines and shade trees. The trade car- ried on is enormous, extending over the whole Dominion, and including portions of the United States, the export trade being considerable. On the road and elsewhere the Beadle nurseries are repre- sented by a stafif of agents, who find in the work a pleasant and lucrative means of employment. Mr. D. W. Beadle, the manager, is the recognised great- est authority on horticulture in Canada, and is the author of the standard work, "The Canadian Fruit, Flower and Kitchen Garden." He was also editor of the "Canadian Horticulturist," and late Secretary of the Fruit Growers' As.sociation of Ontario. He is a gentleman of very superior ability, and by the production of works of great merit, and after the study of a lifetime, has well earned the enviable rank of which he is the sole possessor. Mr. D. W. Headle was so well known in Europe, that he was some years ago made an honorary life member of the Royal Horticultural Society of England. 188 CITY OK ST. CATHARINES h ^ M. Y. Keating, Wholesale and Retail Hook- seller ami Si.itioiuT, J5 i,»iieen Street. Well directed energy and enterprise always tell, anil no better exainjile of it can he found than that allorded l>y Mr. M. \'. Keating. This jjentleman comnieneed business in M.-xrch, 1885, and durint; that year he erected a substantial bricU structure on Queen Street, three stories in hei^jht, one half of which he occujiies, removing into it in Septendjer, 1SS5. Mr. Keatin;ivinn siieeiai attention to the cheap publications of several popular anil well-known houses, amony them being Lovell's, Monroe's and Lippincott's. He also keeps a complete stock of the "Fireside" and "Seaside" Libraries. To the reading public there can be no greater boon than that afforded by these cheap publications. Mr. Keating handles the leading Canailian and American periodical publications, the leatling Canadian dailies, all the Buffalo and the principal New York and other American dailies. A specialty is made of school books and school supplies, of which there is a large and excellent assortment. The stock is a very varied and comprehensive one, and where (piality is of any value it is always to be found here, special inducements being offered to the public in the price of goods. A large and tlourishing trade is enjoyed by Mr. Keating, and a thorough system pervades hi> establishment. Let one instance suffice : Mr. Keat- ing has a large number of subscribers to newspapers, etc., to each of whom he assigns a number, a corres- ponding number being on a pigeon hole, of which there are ranges for the purpose. Each one's paper is placed in its proper hole on arrival, as is done in boxes at the post office. This system accomplishes two objects : the subscribed-for papers are kept apart, and are quickly handled when called for, and the number of surplus copies, or those that can be disposed of to a chance customer, is at once arrived at. Mr. Keating, who possesses excellent business ability, energy and enterprise, is a native of the county of Lincoln, for which he has been a Coroner for twenty-five years, and a Justice of the Peace for twelve years. He is widely known and highly esteemed. Dominion Muslo Storo, N. W. Gnwan, Dealer in I'iano^, Organs, Sheet Music, etc., ,{ > (Jueen .Street. Isolated as the Niagara peninsula geographically is, the music trade carrieil on in St. Catharines, its commercial centre, is widely extended, and is a striking proof of the jnergy and excellent business ability generally concjded to the merchants of St. Catharines. The musi.: trade here is of very considerable importance, ani' among the most prominent establishments engaged in it is the nonunion Music Store c<>nducte Stanley, Dry Goods, Millinery and Mantles, 22 Ontario Street. — Without attempting any invi- dious distinctions between the commercial centres of the Dominion, it will be admitted by those competent to form an opinion th.it the ability and enterprise characteristic of the dry goods trade of .St. Catharines will compare most favorably with those so assidu- ously claimed for the larger and more important cities of Canada. As a proof several establishments might be quoted ; l)ut suffice it here to refer to one only, namely, that of Mr. R. Stanley of the popular " Big 22." This gentleman commenced business in BKPHKHENTATIVK BrsiNESH MKN 1H» M. W. Gowan, Music, i-lc, x\ annrn pcninsulii carried on in St. Iri.', is widi'ly f the jnerj^y aiiil concjdcd to till' imisi.: trade liere ani' among the iKt-'d in it is the by Mr. N. \V. nion Orynii and id ranks anioii(f lliat (.Company, iisiness in Janu- miinion " organs n favor of these lely established, in carries an ex- 's, banjos, fifes, :al merchandise, irge one, and is nee has amply liishment of this rgy and alMlity iny the wants of articles. Strict :d for this house etail Dealer in lits, 55 St. Paul nt in groceries, f the flattering n that respect, ance here than a sujjerior class ■incipal dealers is Mr. J. .M. d business in Iiich is one of the city. His groceries, into een fruits, fine ctionery, fish, ids, of which a is of excep- )ought on the tages of which large trade and extends tier, who is a y years in St. ;nergy, enter- le is moreover n the progress Alderman for nation in the and Mantles, )ling any invi- cial centres of ose competent md enterprise St. Catharines )se so assidu- ire important tablishments refer to one if the popular ed business in iS8o, and during the comparatively short perioil of six years that liavs since elapsed, has succeeded in .-xdiuiring one of the largest and finest trades of its kind in St. Catharines. This is saying a good deal, as a large trade here is a large tr.ide anywhere. Mr, Stiinley keeps a very large and excellent stock of staple and fancy dry goods, millineiy (of which he has the largest stock in St. (.'atliariiies), mantles, caijiets and gent's furnishings ; a specially lieing made of the manufacturing tle[); a thorough man of business, enjoying the confidence of all with whom he comes in contact, lie is a pul)lic-spirited gentleman, and was for a period of ten years a member of the Council. H. G.Ooodman, Druggist, 37 St. I'aul Street.— There is no business of greater importance than that of the druggist ; there are few reipiirmg greater skill or more care in practice. It entails a thorough and systematic course of study, and only those who are essentially competent ever prove a success. If this be so, and no one can doubt it, a drug store long established is its best recommendation. That of Mr. H. C. Coodman is by far the oldest drug store in St. Catharines, and is in- deed among the pioneer places of business here. It was established in 1840 by a Mr. Meredith, who was succeeded by Mr. F, Pafford, the trade being subsequently successively conducted by W . B. Bee- ton. W. B. Beeton & Co.; by J. E. Beeton and Mr. i H. C. Goodman, under the style of Beeton & Co. ; and latterly by Mr. M. C. Goodman, the present proprietor, who assumed entire control during last year. Mr. Goodman carries a complete line of drugs, chemicals, druggists' sundries and pharmaceutical preparations, making a specialty of Valentine's Pills, Zingobala, Pancreatic Elixirs, Beeton's Hair Tonic, and Dearberry's Tooth Powder, which are manufactured on the premises. The stock throughout is of excellent quality, a point being made of keeping nothing but first-class goods. Mr. Good- man makes a speciilty of dispensing, erijoying a large prescription practice— a sufiticient evidence of the care exercised and the quality of the ingredients used in making up preparations. Mr. Goodman, who is a native of St. Catharines, is widely and most favorably known. He is energetic, a thorough man of business, and a most estimable citizen. Q, B, Towers, Batting Manufacturer, Welland Canal, off Si. Paul Street. — Among the industries of St. Catharines deserving of special notice is the manufacture of batting Since the inauguration of the National Policy this is an industry which has become of great importance, and is prosecuted with I energy and ability in St. Catharines by Mr. (i. B. j Towers. This gentleman commenced business in 1S79, and has since built up a large and representative trade. The factory is equipped with every facility in improved machinery, etc., and the goods turned out I are not surpassed, (guilts and comforts are in great I demand in this country, exposeil as it is to the I severityof an almost arctic winter ; consequently, the ! value of these goods must depenil largely upon the i texture and general quality of the batting used. Mr. ; Towers ranks deservedly high as a manufacturer of batting, and as a result he enjoys a large and con- i stantly increasing business, extending over the whole I of the Dominion. Mr. Towers is well known in St. Catharines, of which he is a native, and he enjoys a high reputation, both socially and otherwise. John R. Monro, Importer of China, Crockery and Glassware, 72 and 74 St. Paul Street.— There need be no better proof of the commercial standing of St. Catharines than the fact that among its business enterprises there are some that rank among the finest in the Province, both as regards extent and character. The crockery trade might be instanced, and occupy- Ji Bi Fowler, Jeweller, iS Ontario Street.— The jewellery trade is an important commercial feature of .St. Catharines, and is conducted with ability and experience. Among the best and most highly reputed jewellery establishments must be included that of Mr. J. B. Fowler. This gentleman com- menced business in 1855, thus presenting a reconl extending over a period of thirty-one years, which has been unsullied in character and brilliant with results. Mr. I'owler carries a large and fine stock of goods, including French and American clocks, watches, chains, jewellery, diamonds, silverware and optical goods. Mr. Fowler imports his American and English goods, and handles the silverware of the Meriden Britannia Company. An important feature of this establishment is that the whole stock is of very fine quality, adapted to the wants of the belter class of customers. A specialty is made of repairing, which is executed with skill by competent and experienced workmen. The large trade enjoyed I by Mr. Fowler is constantly increasing, and no more ! need be said in favor of this establishment than that. ; Mr. Fowler is a gentleman of rare business ability ''■ and of much experience. He is one of the promi- I nent citizens of St. Catharines, and is highly i esteemed. 184 CITY OF ST. CATHARINKS I 1>N Molntyre & Son, Undertakers and Funeral Directors, corner Chestnut and St. I'aul Streets. — The splendid record made by Mr. J. B. Mclntyre as President of the Ontario Undertakers' Associa- tion is sutiicient excuse for presenting to our readers an admirable likeness of this natural leader and talented presiding oftictr. In this section of the country no name is more prominently identified with undertaking than that of Mclntyre est accruing to the customer are of a sjjecial character, known market gnriieners and florists in the Dominion A specialty is made of the manufacturing^ dejiart- of Canaila, and is by far the largest grower of green- ment, millinery, at the head of whicii are competent house plants, flowers and vegetables this country can and experienced artistis, the class of work turned out boast of. This business was established in 1S40 by being unexcelled ; and as a result a very large anil the late Dr. lieadle, who was succeeded by his son, representative trade is enjoyed. The premises occu- Mr. D. \V. Headle. This gentleman associated with pied are commodious, being 100 feet in depth, and I him a Mr. Buchanan, on whose death .Mr. Dunlop iwi* stories in height, the whole of which is utiii/.ed , became a partner, anil is now sole proprietor. The for the trade carried on. The firm makes a specially 1 business is devoted exclusively to the growing ol of hand-made crochet goods, manufactured on the greenhouse plants, llowers, and vegetables, the stock, premises, and sold retail as well as wholesale. It which is most complete in every respect, being unsur- liroduces a full line of babies", children's and ladies' ' passed for richness and ([ualily, a specialty being hoods, overdresses, jackets, etc., etc., in the latest made of vegetables. The garden grounds cover 35 New York fashion ; also furnishes any special style acres, and the trade, which is most extensive, em- to order. Mr. Leubsdorf, the head of the house, is ; braces llie whole of Canaila, although princijially by birth a German, and is w«ll-known for his energy, | lying within Ontario. Mr. Dunlop is a well known enterprise and business ahiliiy, and is much esteerued authority on horticulture and kindred subjects ; he is both socially .uid otherwise. ' an energetic and thorough man of business, and I enjoys the confidence and esteem of all wilh whom ' he comes in contact. International Hotel, John Allison, proprietor, j !__ Q^ ^ ^ so„ j^^.^, Estate and In.sur- James btreet.-Among ine hotels m St. Catharines ,^^^^ . ^,,^,^^ ^^^^.^,,^ Slreet.-The real estate deserving of note, as being among the finest and most i,„,in,.ss ,ias long held its own in this section of the completely eiiuipped in the city, is the International. | ^^^^^^^^^.^ ^^^^ ^ constitutes an important commercial It IS most centrally located, being near the Market ^^^^^j^ j^^ ^^ Catharines; and none have been more Scpiare, and is convenient to all points of interest and [ „i„e,ulv ideniified with it than Mr. L. C. Camp, importance in the c.ty It contains tweniy-two be< - j ^,,,^, commenced business a .luarter of a century ago. rooms^//.f////^, .splendidly furnished, healthy and well !^,,,,^^, ^.j^,^^ _^^^ j^^. as.socialed with him 'his ventilated ; and on each flat is every modern con- 1^^,,^^ ^,^|._ ^ c'amp, trading under the firm name of venience. There are three parlors, a dining room that can accommodate sixty guests ; a reading room, and a bar constantly supplied wilh choice liquors am ':igars. The corridors and halls are broad and lofl and the house is well heated up during the cold weather. The International is extensively patronized, being among the most jiopular of the hotels of the city of St. Catherines. In connection wilh the hotel there is stabling accommodation for eighty horses. Mr. John Allison, the proprietor, late of Toroi%o, is an experienced and competent hotel keeper, popular, widely known and much respected. Coy Brothers, Importers of and Dealers in Hardware, 69 St. P.aul Street.- The hardware trade is carried on most assiduously in St. Cattiarines, constituting as it does a most important feature in its commercial fabric. Kngaged in it are merchants of high business honor, and of first-class executive ability. I'rominent among these are Mdssrs, Coy lirothers, whose house was estab ished in 1855. These gentlemen occupy exten.sive premises, being 180 feet long and two stories in height. Their stock, which is most extensive and of excellent quality, and purchased on the most favorable terms, con.sists of English, American and Canadian shelf and heavy hardware, the English and American goods being imported direct, and including iron and steel in bar and .sheet, steel wire rope, galvariized iron wire, fire brick, fire clay, cutlery of the finest kind, paints, oils, glass, etc. The trade, which is both wholesale and retail, is very large, a fact which is to be accounted for in the .stock, prices, and the fair and upright dealings of Messrs. Coy Brothers. These gentlemen belong to St. Catharines, and are much esteemed in more ways than one. L. C. Camp \ Son. This firm have been entrusted wilh many and important transactions in real estate, and in the negotiation of loans, etc., having long since secured the confidence and esteem of the public, but during late years this firm have made insurance the jirincipal feature of their business. They are agents for the I'henix, of Brooklyn, .I'.tna, of Hartford, Citizens, British America, London and Lancashire, Caledonian, (Jueen, and Canada Life. Messrs. L. C. Camp iV Son conduct the leading insurance business in this city, and are most widely known throughout the peninsula. Thev are thorough men of business, energetic and most reliable. J. SOHthoOit, Merchant Tailor, 86 St. I'aul Street.— Experience, combined wilh ability, in the tiade or business pursued, is of incalculable benefit when engaged in business on one's own account. Where this is the case, success must inevitably fi)llow ; where it is wanting, failure may be anticipated. No better example of the former can be found th.in that of Mr. J. Southcott. This gentleman has had twenty- nine years' experience as a cutter, enjoying a high reputation as such, and six years ago he entered into business, and has since acquired a trade which is at once a credit to himself and to the city. In his cloths Mr. Southcott makes a specialty of imported woollens and tweeds, and in the styles followed he ac:epts those prevailing in the English and American mar- kets. This gentleman is essentially a fashionable tailor, catering to a fine trade. The large trade en- joyed is constantly improving, and Mr. .Southcott is one of the leading tailors of this city. He is an Englishman by birth, having lived in this country for twenty-nine years. He is highly esteemed, both socially and otherwise, and is widely known in this locality. 136 CITY OF ST. CATHARINES Walland H0US«« James Norris, proprietor, corner Ontario and King vStreets.— The tine.-t hotel in St. Catharines, and ranking among the finest in Canada, is the Welland House. Located at the corner of Ontario and King Streets, the situation is a most eligible one. Its corridors and halls are wide and lofty, its rooms are elegantly furnished and well ventilated, and every convenience and accommodation incident to a first-class hotel is to be found here. 1^ ?:i ^ S There are altogether seventy-five bedrooms, including suites of rooms ; and on each flat, of which there are four, is every modern convenience. There are eleven sample rooms, a model billiard room, a read- ing room and a bar. During the cold weather the whole house is comfortably heated, and is lit with gas and electric light. Mr. E. Carroll is the efficient and energetic manager, who is a gentleman of experience, and peculiarly qualified for the manage- ment of a hotel. The Welland House is the popular resort, being ptitronized by all those who wish to enjoy the comforts of a luxurious home. Oeorg0 Collins, Dealer in China, Crockery and Glassware, 26 St. Paul Street. — The demands of refinement and culture have brought into this country a class of ^i.ods in the crockery and glassware line which ii not surpassed by that of any other country, and as the demands l^roaden and increase an impetus is given to trade, and new establishments come into existence. We have a proof of this in St. Catharines, and as it is of a representative character, we shall devote some space to it in these pages ; we refer to that of Mr. George Collins. This gentleman com- menced business thirty-six years .igo as a hotel keeper, but retiring from that he entered into the crockery and glassware business about a year ago, and has already biiilt up an appreciable trade. He carries a large and excellent stock of China, crockery and glassware, English, European and American, of almost every kind and at most reasonable prices. He also deals largely in cutlery, handling Rogers' and Jackson's goods ; is sole manufacturer of the great English Liniment, put up and sold by him only. Good for man or beast. Price, 50 cents per bottle. Mr. Collins, who is a native of England, has lived in Canada for 36 years. He is a thorough man of busi- ness, and highly esteemed in the community. Chaffi«id & NosiOll, Plumbers, Steam and Gas Fitters and Coppersmiths, 11-13 ^'- P^"^ Street. — Among the industries of St. Catharines that of plumbing and steam and hot water heating — the two going together — is a most imjjortant feature. It is carried on with energy and ability, and the leading representatives in that line are Messrs. Chatfield H Neelon. This house was established in 1863 by Burrow & Chatfield, the firm of Chatfield & Neelon having been formed during the past year. The industry and business carried on Uy this firm is very comprehensive in its character, including as it does plumbing and steam and hot water heating, of which a specialty is made, and the stock embracing steam- boat and engineers' supplies, such as sheet lead, brass and copper, rubber packing, asbestos packing, lubricators, oil cups, steam and water gauges and valves in great variety ; and house furnishings, such as gas fittings and fixtures, granite, planished and japanned ware," cutlery and stoves of the latest and most improved make. The trade carried on by these gentlemen is very large and constantly increas- ing, requiring at present the services of fifteen men, who are skilled and experienced workmen. The class of work performed by Messrs. Chatfield & Neelon is not surpassed. The premises occupied are large and commodious, being 45x100 feet in dimensions and four stories in height, the whole being utilized for the carrying on of their trade. Messrs. Chatfield & Neelon are practical, 'borough men of business, with an intimate knowledge of their particular indus- try. They are widely known, and highly esteemed in the community. MoLarsn Sr Co., Importers of Dry Goods, Millinery and Mantles, 19-21 St. Paul Street. — One of the most important branches of trade in this country, and in which St. Catharines holds its own, is that of dry goods. Engaged in it are men of sterling probity of principle, of splendid executive business ability, of energy and enterprise, while the larger concerns of which this country can boast are a credit alike to the Dominion and to the surpassing enterprise and ability of her merchants. We have said that in dry goods St. Catharines holds its own, and we can point to no better proof of it than the establishment of Messrs. McLaren & Co. This well known house was established in 1848 by Mr. R. Woodruff, who was succeeded in 1883 by the present firm. The store is one of the finest of the kind in St. Catharines, being splendidly fitted up and equipped with every modern improvement. It is 52x107 feet in dimensions and three stories in height. These gentlemen are direct importers from the English and European markets, buying in large quantities and for cash. A specialty is made of ordered clothing, dress and mantle making, over which departments are competent and experienced heads. The class of goods carried and the quality of the work turned out are not surpassed m Canada : and the very large trade carried on, embracing as it does the whole of the Niagara district, necessitates the services of no fewer than si.vfj' hands. The advantages which a house of this stamp can offer t(> the customer are of a special character, inasmuch as they buy largely and for cash, thus enabling them to offer goods at a price against which few houses in this city can compete ; and the result is as might be expected — Messrs. McLaren & Co. enjoy the leading trade. These gentlemen are most favorably known in St. Catharines, both socially and other wise, and as business men they have no superior. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 187 Steam and Gas Paul Street. — arines that of ating — the two feature. It is nd the leading s. Chattield ^ sd in 1863 by field & Neelon St year. The his firn^ is very ling as it does ating, of which bracing steam- as sheet lead, )estos packing, ;er gauges and irnishings, such planished and the latest and carried on by stantly increas- jf fifteen men, orkmen. The itfield& Neelon pied are large in dimensions being utilized essrs. Chatfield zn of business, larticular indus- hly esteemed in f Dry Goods, il Street. — One trade in this holds its own, are men of ndid executive )rise, while the :an boast are a the surpassing nts. We ha VI' [lolds its own, f of it than the 3o. This well \S by Mr. R. by the present of the kind in fitted up and ement. It is cries in height. ers from the ^ing in large ,y is made o( making, over id experienced ud the quality ed in Canada ; n bracing as it t, necessitates hands. The ip can offer to r, inasmuch as ibling them to which few the result is as Co. enjoy the most favorably lly and other superior. it The Woodburn "Sarven Wheel" Co., Manufacturers of Vehicle Wheels, Welland Can.il. -This work would be incnrnplete without some 1 lengthened notice o( the Woodburn "Sarvtii Wlu'el" Co., consliti ting as it does one of the most imiHiriant industries of .St. (.'atharines, lii-sides hcini; liie largest industry of the kind in the Dominion of Canada. This concern is merely a brancli of that of the >amL- name at Indianapolis, Indiana, which was established in 1 868. It was originally cariied on under a juint stock company, but the whole plant is now owned l)y two parlies, .Messrs. Aildison liybce iV J. I''. I'ratt. The plant in Indianapolis covers 25 acres, and the traany a uniipie posiii(m in the market. Mr. McKinley, the manager, has had nn experience extending over a period of 26 years ; he is well known over the whole of Canada in con- nection with the wheel trade, and it would be diffi- cult to find one more com])etent for the position he occupies. Mr. (Charles Allen is the efficient superin- tendent ; hi; is thoroughly ]naclical, and conversant with every detail of the industry over which he exeicises control. He is by birth an .\merican, and possesses all the energy and go of his coiintrymen. gents" furnishings, catering in this branch to a fine trade. The goods are ."-ecurtd on iho most favorable terms, and a.s a result advantages of a special charac- ter are afford.d to the customers. Mr. K. Viger, the head of the establishment, is a native of Montreal, and is generally reputed for business (pialities of a high order, and in this sectirn of the country he is widely and most favorably known. E. Viger tt COv Dealer in keady-m.ade Clothing, Gents' Furnishings, etc. , 64 St. Paul Street. — Not- w'ithstaniiiiig that the ready-made clothing trade con- stitutes an important feature in the commeice of this city, it is ccmfined to a few establishments, prominent among which is that of Messrs. V.. \'iger iV Co. This house was established in 1878, a large and flourishing trade having since been built up. These gentlemen 'jal heavily in ready-made clothing, the material neing of excellent (|ua!iiy, and the styles those pre- vailing in the tjiglish and American markets ; a spe- 1 ialty IS made of ordered clothing, and the (piality of the work turned out has secured for this house a wide reputation. The cloths used are imported from Eng- land and Scotland, a specialty being made of fine tweeds. Messrs. E. Viger iV Co. deal largely in The Welland Vale Manufacturing Com- pany, Wm. Chajilin, President and Manager, \\'el- lan(t Canal. -The metal working industries of Canada have long been a source of pride ami gratification to this country, and prominent among them is the Wel- land N'ale .Manufacturing Company, This concern was established in i86g, and is the most important industry of the kind in Canada, The buildings are substantial structiires, situated on the banks of the Welkiml Canal, and cover altogether some two acres of ground. The- works are completely etpiippeil with the latest and most improved machinery. .Motive power is derived from water in the canal, and 120 hanils are employed. The industry embraces the manufacture of axes and edge tools, scythes, f( rks, hoes, rakes, etc. The steel used in the manufacture of these goods is the finest in the worki ; and the goods turned out are strictly first-class, being sur- passed by those of no similar concern in Canada. The trade carried on is enormous, extending over the whole of the Dominion, an uin Corpus, a composition of great merit. On its performance — Mr. Read presiding at the organ— the German press was loud in its praises both of the composition and of the accompanist. Mr. Read is a somewhat prolific composer, the Saliifaris Hostia (Vesper, op. 2) for baritone voice, organ and violin obligato, A Ballad of tlic Boat and Memories of Sviitzerlaud (q\i. i), two tone pictures, Eveniim and Mottling, being among the more recent of his works. Two years ago Mr. Read returned to St. Catharines, and 0])ened classes for music iiujiils, and his system is so thorough, and ids exposition so clear, that his efforts have been re- warded by a large and constantly increasing patron- age, receiving pupils from the best families in the city and adj(jining counties. In the true sjiirit of the musician, Professor Read has done much to popular- ize the works of the great masters in St. Catliarines, having, since his return to tills city, given five con- certs devoted to that object, each of which has proved a reassuring success. I'rofessor Read is a gentleman who, by his energy and perseverance in the cause of music, in raising its standard, at least in this section of the countrv, has earned the gratitude and esteem of an ever-widening constituency. City Planing Mills, I). Zimmerman, Dealer in Lumber, and Manufacturer of Builders' Supplies, Geneva Street. — The lumber and planing mill trades are carried on in this section of the country with ability, energy and success. In .St. Caihirines at least this is es]iecially the case, and as an example of it, the trade and industry of Mr. D. Zimmerman are to the point. The concern carried on by this gentle- man was establislied in 1S41 by Mr, C. \V. Ilellems, who in 1S70 retired, but who was succeeded by a nephew, Air. C. W. Ilellems, who associated with him a Mr. Wilson, trading under the firm name of Ilellems & Wilson, a iiartnership which continued until 1873, when Mr. Ilellems retired, Mr. Wilson associating with him Mr. Smith, under the style of Wilson & Smith. The establishment was subsequently and successively conducted by T. Sullivan, McCraney & Son, and lastly by the present proprietor, who succeeded in 1885. The area of ground covered is about an acre in extent. Some 2,000,ooofeet of lum- ber are turned over each year The factory is fully equipped with the latest and most improved machin- ery, such as planing mills, etc. , and there is every facility incident to the industry engaged in. Mr. Zimmerman manufactures all kinds of builders" sup- plies ; and as a proof that his goods are of excellent quality, he enjoys a large and flourishing trade. Mr. Zimmerman is also the leaiiing lumber meroijant in this section of the country, a trade in which he engages very extensively. The whole concern is under the efficient management of Mr. C. W. Ilellems, than whom none better could be found possessing the re«-S'.**<-^-''>'»!n*^*: -i^s^ik^aS»^^. Walland Canal Roller Mills, James Norris, Manufacturer of High Grade and I'atent Flours, Welland Canal, St. Catharines. — The manufacture of patent and high grade flours is an industry which represents what nuisi be regarded as the last refining process in flour. Nothing better can be or is pro- duced, and the palm is Canada's in the markets of the world. Ranking among the foremost millers in the Dominion is Mr. James Norris, whose immense concern is one of the largest and finest in the country, and whose goods have secured for him a reputation of which any manufacturer might be [iroud. Mr. Norris commenced business some forty years ago, being a member of the firm of Norris tV Neelon. About l6yearsagoMr. Norris retired from the firm and recommenced business, but this time on his own account. His mill was at first insignificant in proportions, and flour was manufactured by the old stone ]irocess. The trade rapidly increasing, larger premises became necessary ; the mills were rebuilt, being far larger than the original, as the main buildings, which are of stone and six stories in height it the outhouses and yards are included, cover some thi c acres of ground. At the same time Mr. Norris intro- duced the full Hungarian roller process, with a total capacity of 1,100 barrels a day, employing about 150 men. The flours manufactured are those known as patent and high grade, making a specialty of the following popular brands : spring wheat flours — " Rosedale," patent, " Solitaire," strong bakers'; and in winter wheat flours — ^"I'earl,"' "Ruby," "Herald," ''Sunbeam," "Rocket" and "White Star." It is not necessary to speak here of the quality of the flour manufactured, as Mr. Norris" reputation has long since been established and his flours well known. His immense home trade extends over Ontario and Quebec, while his flours find their way into all the cities of the east : but the export trade to London (England), Liverpool, Newcastb; and (ilasgow is enormous. F\ir the carrying on of this trade Mr. Norris is the owner of several vessels, namely : The steamer Persia, plying between St. Catharines and Montreal, both passengers and freigh'. ; two steam barges, the Lincoln and Clinton ; three tow barges, the Grimsby, Lisgar and Gibraltar; and one sailing vessel, the Gkniffcr. The favorite passenger steamer /V/,y/rt leaves St. Catharines every Tuesday at i p.m. for Montreal and way ports, and passes through the Thousand Islands by daylight, leav- ing Montreal on the return tri[) every Friday at 7 [i.m. The round trip fare is (inly $14. Mr. Norris is a native of Argyleshire, Scotland, and came out to Canada when a youth. He coninicnced life in the New World as a >ailor, and by energy and perseverance, and possessing rare ability and a good character, gradually worked his way up from one position to another. How he has succeeded is well known. He was for some time an Alderman of St. Catharines ; he was for iwo years Mayor, and sat for a considerable period in the Dominion House of Commons as meml)er for the county of Lincoln, espousing the Reform cause. He has been much identified with public life, and has been promi- nently associated with several public and other in- stitutions. This is a record of which no one need l)e ashamed. 140 CITY OF ST. CATHARINES I T. S< Hilli Photographer, Queen Street.— Promi- nent among the photographers of St. Catharines is ' Mr. T. S. Hill. It is all the more remarkable that his gentleman has already achieved so great a prominence, commencing business as he did in Janu- ary of this year. Mr. Hill, however, is an experi- enced and skillful photographer, and having these advantages to begin with, has rapidly secured a flour- ishing patronage. He makes a specialty of direct work, from a card to the full sheet ; he also engages in view work and water-coloring. That Mr. Hill is a photographer of recognized standing is proved by the fact that at the Toronto Exhibition he secured the first prize, being a bronze medal. Mr. Hill has a splendid studio, keeps a large stock of excellent backgrounds, and has every appliance inci- dent to the equipment of a first-class studio. In addition, he engages in picture framing, carry- ing a large stock of frames. Mr. Hill is a native of Port Hope, and is already most widely known and highly esteemed in this locality. Associated with him in business is his wife, who is an experienced and accomplished photographer. d. Burrow, Sheet Metal Worker, Steam and Gas Fitter, Plumber, etc., 27 Queen Street. — Among the industries that obtain in St. Catharines that of plumbing, steam and gas fitting is an important feature, giving scope to much skill and ingenuity, energy and enterprise. Thp most recently established house here devoted to tiiis line is that of Mr. J. Kurrow', who commenced business this year, and is already in possession of reassuring evidence of a flourishing trade. He has a practical knowledge of every department of the industry over which he exercises immediate control, and the work he turns out and performs is of a most superior quality. Mr. IJurrow is a worker in all kinds of sheet metal, undertakes steam and gas fitting and plumbing work of all kinds, for which he employs the services of competent and experienced workmen. Mr, Burrow carries a complete line of goods incident to the plumbing trade, as also of stoves, ranges and heaters, of the latest and most improved design, house fur- nishing goods, tin, copper and granite ware. Mr. Hurrow has been in business here over 20 years, where he is widely and most favorably known. William B. Tow«r«, Barrister, Queen Street.— The Ontario Bar ranks deservedly high, numbering amongst its members gentlemen of the first water in intellect and forensic ability. Not only in Toronto — the seat of the High Court of this Province — are the most able of our lawyers to be found, but in the county towns as well — St. Catharines, for instance ; and associated with it the name of William B. Towers is readily suggestive. This gentleman is a young and rising barrister, of recognised ability and of considerable prominence. He is a native of St. Catharines, having been born in 1853. He was educated at the Collegiate Institute here, and thence ])roceeded to Hamilton tostudy law, entering theoffice of Messrs. McKelcan & Gibson, prominent lawyers of I that city. Here he remained for five years, having ' acquitted himself most creditably, and returned to ■ St. Catharines. For four years he had the manage- ment of the oflice of Mr. J. C. Rykert, having been ' admitted to the Bar in 1877. In 1882 he formed a ' partnership with Mr. J. C. Eccles, taking the place of Mr. Peter McCarthy, the former partner of Mr. Eccles. Mr. Towers was rapidly in the possession ' of a large and constantly increasing practice, being 1 freciuently retained in important railway cases. As a criminal lawyer Mr. Towers ranks deservedly high, and his name will for ever be identified with the famous case of Tyrrell, who was accused of a capital crime ; Mr. Towers was his counsel, and in an able and convincing speech secured an acc|uittal for the unfortunate man. Mr. Towers is essentially a public- spirited man, and is extremely popular. He takes a deep interest in the firemen of tb° city, identifies himself with all national sports, is a Director of the Agricultural Society, and has for a period of four years been an Alderman of St. Catharines. Mr. Towers is a staunch Conservative. James Douglas & Co., Importers of and Dealers in Fine Jewellery, etc., 5 St. Paul Street. — The jewellery trade in St. Catharines is of very con- siderable significance, and engaged in it are men of sterling worth, probity and of undoubted executive ability. Foremost among those engaged in this line of business in the city are Messrs. James Douglas & Co. This house was established over thirty years ago by Mr. James Douglas, the senior meml)er of the present firm, who in 1886 associated with him a partner, trading under the firm name of J. Douglas ct Co. These gentlemen import largely, carrying a complete line of jewellery, watches, clocks, plated ware and fancy goods. The stock, which is of exceptional ((uality, is not surpassed, and being bought for cash, the advantages of the discount are enjoyed by the customers. A specialty is made of repairing work, which is executed with care and satisfaction. To convey some idea of the stock carried, it may be mentioned that the store is ICX3X20 feet in dimensions, the whole available space being devoted to stock, arranged in splendidly carved cases. The trade enjoyed is a large one, and neces- sarily representative in its character, Mr. Douglas, who is the senior member, is a native of Scotland. He is a gentleman of ability and enterprise, and apart from l)usiness has been much engaged in public life. For a period of fifteen years he was Mayor of St. Catharines. He has been a Warden of the county and a member of the Collegiate Institute. He is very popular, widely known and most highly respected. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 141 jeen Street. — ;h, numbering first water in ly in Toronto 'rovince — are nd, but in the for instance ; William li. ntleman is a d ability and native of St. 53. He was e, and thence iringtheoffice ;nt lawyers of years, having returned to the manage- , having been he formed a ing the place irtner of Mr. le possession ractice, being y cases. As ervedly high, fied with the 1 of a capital nd in an able uittal for the ally a pul)lic- He takes a ty, identifies irector of the ;riod of four arines. Mr. rters of and aul Street. — i of very con- t are men of ed executive d in this line ;s Douglas & thirty years ember of the with him a )f J. Douglas /, carrying a ocks, plated vhich is of and being discount are V is made of ih care and f the stock ire is icx)x20 space being lidly carved , and neces- [r. Douglas, >f Scotland, ;rprise, and ed in public as Mayor of len of the e Institute, [nost highly 4m C> MarriSt Manufacturer and Importer of and Dealer in Cigars, Tobaccos and Snuff, St. Paul St.— Among the industries of St. Catharines deserving of note, as constituting a most important industry in Canada, inasmuch as this country can now compete against almost any country in the world in it, is the manufacture of cigars. Mr. }. C. Harris is the most extensively engaged in this industry here, and the goods he turns out nre those known as standard. Mr. Harris began business 35 years ago, associating with him Mr. Berston, a copartnership which existed for twenty years or more, since which time Mr. Harris has carried on an individual business. This gentle- man is well known as a manufacturer of cigars, his special brands being peculiar favorites, obtaining a ready market. Among these may be mentioned "Crown," "Key West," "Jewel," "Cosmopolite," "Regalia," "Pinks of Perfection," "N. P.," "A No. I " and " Flor-deCuba." These cigars are all line Havanas, being made of Havana tiller, with Sumatra wrapper. Mr. Harris is an extensive im- porter of cigars, dealing in the popular and well known brands ; he is a direct importer also of tobaccos, carrying a stock which, in its quality, can- not be surpassed. Mr. Harris is in the enjoyment of a large and flourishing trade, and extending through- out the county. Mr. Harris, who is a Canadian, is well known in these parts ; he is a thorough man of business, honorable and upright, and is held in high esteem in the community. therein, the excellence and purity of which have secured for him a wide and enviable reputation. This gentleman commenced business in St. Catha- rines four years ago, and has since built up a trade I as unique in its character as it is large in its propor- ! tions. Such a result has been obtained by a stead- I fast adherence to those principles of business which j are always the forerunners of success, namely, energy and enterprise, ability and business tact, carrying [always a superior class of goods, and dealing with j the public fairly and squarely. Mr. Hill carries a large stock, embracing a complete line of groceries, ' bought from the best houses in Montreal and Toronto, a specialty being made of canned goods, teas, coffees, spices, dried fruits, coal oils and pickling vinegars, to which much attention is devoted. The premises occupied are 1 10x25 f^^et in dimensions, forming one of the finest grocery stores in the city of St. Catharines. Mr. Hill is a native of this city, in which he is well and favorably known, being a representative man of business and a most estimable citizen. St.CatharlneaOranite and Marbia Works, James Munro, Manufacturer of Cut and Polished Red and Grey Granite and Marble, James Street. — An industry of great importance in St. Catharines, and in some respects the only one of the kind here, is that carried on by Mr. James Munro at the St. Ca- tharines Granite and Marble Works. This gentleman commenced business in 1876, and has since built up a trade which is an enviable one of the kind here. Mr. Munro is a gentleman of much experience in marble, granite and stone work of every kind, his productions having secured for him a wide and en- viable reputation. He is engaged in the manufacture of cut and polished red and grey granite or marble monuments, columns and headstones, ledgers, vases and urns, fence stones and posts ; and in this connec- tion it may be mentioned that Mr. Munro executed the Watson Monument, situated in a prominent square in the city, and is a most creditable and taste- ful work. Mr. Munro also models in clay and plas- ter in all its branches, in which he has obtained much distinction, having secured first prize at the Provincial Exhibition held at Guelph, for plasier as well as marble work. Mr. Munro is a Scotchman, but has lived for a long period of years in this coun- try, over much of which he has travelled, acquiring and perfecting his knowledge of his trade. In this locality he is well known and most highly respected. Arthur Jukas & Co., Druggists, 77 St. Paul Street. — One of the most important of all trades is that carried on in drugs. Much skill and experience are required, and one most essential feature in the goods ke|)t is that of purity. St. Catharines can boast the possession of druggists who are not f)nly skillful and experienced, but whose stock of drugs, preparations, etc. , are of unquestioned excellence and purity. We refer particularly to Messrs. Arthur Jukes & Co. These gentlemen have long since ac- quired a large trade and an enviable reputation, hav- ing been established since 186S. Their stock includes a complete line of drugs, chemicals, druggists' sun- dries and pharmaceutical preparations, making a specialty of the following preparations of their own manufacture : Dominion Cough Mixture, Dominion Baking Powder, Dominion Sarsaparilla, Dominion Tooth Powder and Dominion Winter Fluid, a prepar- ation for the hands. A specialty is also made of their dispensing practice, of which they enjoy the largest in St. Catharines, making up on an average from 10,000 to 15,000 prescriptions per year ; there need be no better criterion of the standing of this establishment than that. It follows that Messrs. Arthur Jukes & Co. are widely known, and, both socially and other- wise, none enjoy a higher reputation. R> T. Hillf Dealer in Choice Teas, Groceries and Provisions, 45 St. Paul Street. — The grocery trade is universally admitted to be one of the most import- ant, and an essential feature in it, to which too great attention cannot be attached, is purity of /oods. Articles of consumption, whatever they are, stiould be free from injurious qualities, salutary and nourish- ing in their effect. In this connection we are glad to notice the establishment of Mr. R. T. Hill, 45 St. Paul Street, and the stock of goods contained L. Dorr & Son, Importers of Wines and Liquors, cor. James and St. Paul Streets.— Amongst the old established and reliable houses dealing in this branch of industry, noted for the superior quality of its wines and liquors, is that of Messrs. L.Dorr& Son, who havegained A wide reputation in this line. This business dates its inception back to some twenty years ago, and passed by purchase in r88i to the present proprietors, under whose able management the trade of the house has materially increased year by year, no establishment being more favorably known in this section. This firm import fine lines of wines and liquors, making a specialty of Hennessy's and Renault's brandies. Their stock includes all the most popular brands of wines, liquors and ales ; and their trade, which is principally wholesale, is by far the largest in this peninsula. Messrs. L. Dorr & Son are most favor- ably known in this locality, being honorable and upright in all their dealings, and most estimable as citizens. . .. ;, ., . 142 CITY OF ST. CATHARINES I 0> C. Hampshire, Piano and Organ Tuner, and Organist and Choir Master of St. CJeorge's Church. Residence : No. 66 St. James Street. — A piano or organ, to l)e good for anything, must be properly tuned, and (or this work men of ability, experience and natural aptitude are re