'^BaiHlW^HSi'BSH^lF ^%. ^ «%, :.■' V IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) ] // ,^ .!^4b. K// .n:^ ■**'-.*v ^ :a K 1.0 I.I UIM |2.5 us I 4.0 i 2.0 L8 1.25 B 1.4 1.6 -^ 6" ^ V] 7 Photographic Sdences Corporation 23 WES! f.'.Airi STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. V4SS0 (716) 872-4503 I CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadicn Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Technical and Bibliographic Notat/Notet tachniquaa at bibliographiquas Tha Instituta has attamptad to obtain tha bast original copy svailabia for filming. Faaturas of this copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagas in tha raproduction, or which may significantly chango tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. 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Tl tfl Tl P< o< fll bi xt si ot fl( si 01 Tl sf Tl M di er bi ril ra m m Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplimentaires; This copy ii a photoreproductton. This item is filn*^d at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film* au taux da reduction indiqui ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X »X J 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X Th« copy filmed hmrm haa b—n raproduead thanka to tha ganaroaity of: Memorial Univtraity of St John's L'axamplaira filmA fut raproduit griea i la gAn^oaiti da: MMnorial Univtnity of St John's Tha imagaa appaaring hara ara tha poaaibia eonaldaring tha condition of tha original copy and in kaaping filming contract spaeifi<»tiona. quality lagibiiity tha Laa imagaa auh^antaa ont 4t* raproduitaa avac la plua grand aoln. eompta tami da la condition at da la nattat* da Taxampiaira fiimA. at it conformitA avae laa conditiona du contrat da fllmaga. Original copiaa in printad papar eovara ara fllmad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or iiluatratad impraa- sion. or tha bacic covar whan appropriata. All othar original copiaa ara inimad baginning on tha firat paga with a printad or iiluatratad impraa- sion. and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or iiluatratad Impraaaion. Laa axampMraa origlnaux dont la couvartura •» paplar aat ImprimAa tont filmte an comman^nt par la pramiar plat at an tarminant soit par la damMra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraaalon ou dliluatration, salt par la sacond plat, salon la eaa. Toua laa autraa axampiairaa origlnaux aont fiimAa mt comman^nt par la pramlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta dimpraaalon ou dlHuatratlon at an tarminant par la damlAra paga qui comporta una talla Tha laat racordad frama on aach mierofieha shall contain tha symbol —^i moaning "CON- T1IVUED"). or tha symbol ▼ Imaaning "END"), whichavar appllaa. Un daa symbolaa suh^anta apparaitra sur la damMra imaga da chaqua microficho, salon la caa: la symbola «» signlfia "A SUIVRE", la aymbola ▼ signlfia "HN". Mapa, plataa. eliarts. ate., may ba fUmad at diff arant raduetlon ratloa. Thoaa too larga to ba ontiraly inciudad in ona axpoaura ara filmad baginning in tha uppar laft hand comar, laft to right and top to bottom, aa many framaa aa raquirad. Tha following diagrama illuatrata tha mathod: Laa eattaa. p l anchaa. tablaaua. ate., pauvant Atra filmAa * daa taux da rMuction diffArants. Lorsqua la doeumont aat trap grand pour Atra raproduit mn un saul clichA. ii oat filmA A partir da i'angia supAriaur gaueha. da gaueha A droita, at da haut m% baa. wn pranant la nombra dtmagaa ndcaaaalra. Laa diagrammaa sulvanta illuatrant la mAthoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 S 6 ^^P ^1 I97J S^ I; ^^^ffKi}5f^^ c/fSt^^--!-^-^ ^^—^ 3 AoW -^ /? <2A /"-/' ^V^. ^-^ ^r^l.-^--^^'-''^" ^'/ /^ (jl-c^-^^, ^^ ^^JC_ t A^9 'Tv.vy /f •a'-'x^y h/ /z / ^ •A %?. r Ir o^ ON THE ProtoGilY.e Oapalilliiies'' of Rewlouiidlaiia, Read at the United Empire Trade League Conference, held in London, on the 23rd of June, 1892. IT is with coiiRi'lcrablc dinitlenco that I vcntnro to come before you to read iliis short paper upon tho Produotions of Newfoundland, ftnd I must commcuce by expressing my great regrot that no abler person, and ono with a larger experience of the Colony, has been fonnd to address you and do more jiLjlico to tho subject than I am capable of doing ; at tho uamo timo, if I can at; all dispel any of the many mis- apprchensini!.^ that exist hm to the productive capabilities of thia oldest Colonial po.st^cssion of the Ihili^h Crown, i Bhall have tho satiifactiou of feeling that my etforts liavc not been in vain. Tho exports from Kcwfoiindland in tho year 1800, as Bhcwn by the etatistif;;' -.bBtract conijiiled by the Board of Trade, amounted to a grand total of ^l,270,7(-iS in value, of which .£o37,5i)l (or nearly one half) is returned as having been exported to other portions of tho l']mpire. Of tliese cxporls tho priuci[)al isdriou codfish, which attained a value of i'80!>,770. This is at present the staple product of tho Colony, and is chiefly consumed in those foreign countries whoso population arc mainly mcml)er.s of tho Church of Rome; for instaTicc, I'ortugal coiiKumos Newft)nndliiud codfinh to tho value of .C-0i,<)08; Brazil, .£-iOci,15(5; Italy, ,CG0,722; Spain, .C'.tL'.SSl; while tho British West Indian Islands take .r'jO,()67. A curious feature of this trade m tho increased demand for dried codfish that has sprung up both in Canada and tho United States of America. There is no doubt but that were some better method devised for preserving or curing eodlish, tho demand for it would increase in England and other countiics where tho tenets of religious principles do not compel a fish diet one day iti tho week. At present, tho fish, as soon au posBiblo aft<.!r it is caught, is split open and heavily salted, and then 13 placed on frames called "flakes," and dried in the sun until it is as hard as a board; it is tlien stacked in the merchant's stores, and shipped either in bulk or barrels. Fish preserved in this maimer has > f '< It ^ M \ to ho P brine i tliero i (liiiiii;;: for Nt boon ai orilycli it in ii Churcl uf'rnid dccliut . A export frosh f whioli cxporii laud II Tlioro cla.sses fiiilllcic fish cil Newfo Couuti T Sual 1 vaiyin fic!(lH ( atid n; Kiiilin^ eoftls t latter aro fo drift i younf^ TllCHO wecIvH As 80 that i.H icc«. 'I tliiukii niiiuia inndo : ,£(■,;},!) 22l,.'J{ most iiiiinul of gre 8 to bo Ponliod in many clifiii<,'ca of wnlor for at least IS hours boforo iho bn'iR' irt siiflioiciitly rcniovcil to inuko it at all palataljlo, anil oven ilicii tlien.) is always a pci.uliai' iliivour nilaohod to it, a ll.ivour (nij^ojidorcd diiriii;^ tho process of sun drying, which is far from pleasant. Forlimad'Iy for Nc\vfo':ndland, howover, no bettor method of |)ic.v,^rvinM««w?sS5BL it oft tll( inl op. im on] ii \ MSI llll lll.'l gri (lis lia op( fill Jl f Til of m Bill Ln Th wli tilt Co " \ ">• "t: "a ••o '"J "ti "il "1; "c "fi "o "ii "I l-d 4. 4^ ofton cam fis mncli fts .C15 to .£20 n hoad, dariiif? tlio five or six wooka they nro absent on tlio voyapro, 1 will now lurii to tlio ^liniii^ TnduHtry, wliicli, tlio»i<;h still in its inCunry, id ra|ii'lly j^i'mving in inii>urtiinco, and w^ llic uxplonilion iiiul opcniiii; up of tlic fnljny progrcssefs, bids fair to bo sooji of altii'.i.M. !i.5 liiiich iinportiiiico us llio jyislici'y. Tlic l>oi;nl of ' Tru'Ic leturus for I s^o only J^'ivi' C' dj)!"'!- Om a niungsl, tlio oxports, \vliu;li lilty Ki!it(.! utiiiiiicd ii vTtlUc^ of i." ! '(, - I.'. In additmii, linwi'vcr, fu tliTs oii'. iron p yrilo-, aii'.] UciVu'S tosirFoT i u '.V I'l'inir sucuios.sluHy wotlvuil, wliilo in iuldition j o tlioso lar^c! (k'positri of Ilm.I, t^ilvt'r, iron oio, pl umbat:", aniiniony, coal, and inan'y~~o'lITcr muifralM are knojy.n io__j)2LijaI,__^'liilo_Jjca nlil nl in arblrs, "rindstono, wlu'tstimcH, and cvocllont buildin/'-.'-toiicrf liavo been disoovereiT. ' ForroTiTiiiii li^a ^iTso Ixio n uu't witn in »nVntt~q uMnlili(.'.s, tlionglT ll^j^Jha;^ fill, .j,-^ yol- lii'on ki.stud as to wlictbur ii is in Kufiiiuicnt fjManliTy to bo wortli working. Having ptTfioiuilly visitcMl mosi of tlic niii't'S at present in operation, beside-:, by tlio courtesy of tbeir owners, having been t;iven fnll particulars as to their ontpul, 1 think it may lie iutercstinLj- to say n few words as to what is actually being done. l-'irst, I will take (he Tilt Cove Coppi^r Mine, owirmI by (he Ca|io Copper Company, fjimiled, of London. Thi.s inino was oiii^inally owned by .Mr. ^IcKiy and J[r. Ik'unett, the pioneers of the rnioing iinbisdy in the cohniy. I( i^ Bitnuted in a small cuvo al the iioith of Notre Dame J?ay, within a few liniidred yards of the coast, nnd fonsists of an enoniious nia^-s i>t ore. Thu working.) are diiven Ktrai.;ht into the sid- of a hill, and in whichever direction new drifts nro made ore is almost always fonini, the s!ii)|>Iy tieemin;^' practically inexluuistilile. 'J'iii; Secretary of the Company owning this mine wrote to nio sonio tioi;- hinco aa tollows — •' Wo arc obtaining from our ^J'ilt Cove Mine aboiit (i't.'lOO tons oldie "yearly, containii'g .about, four per cent, of Ci)pptM . The chief pari of '* this is being smelteil into ' Uegtilus" of about 'Ih pi r cent, ol copper, "and that 'Kegulus' is bhipped to ihi.^ country, as well as tho pn-lion ••of Iho ore not so .-^melted, for treatment at our v>'oiks in this country. "Tho oro contains .somo gohl, not suHicient to warrant Ke[iai..i() " treatment for its e.\t ruction as a .separate commodity, e.\ee|)t that as "it becomes more concentrated in thu ' licgulus,' wo have "lately, at our works in this country, made arrai:gcmen(s to "extract it from that production. Tho 'Hegnlua' contains about " fiovcn pennyweights per Ion, equal to about o(> peimyweighis per ton "of (he copper coi. tents of the ' Kegulus.' I feel (juito sure I li.it " vdien wo overcome all our ditlicmlties, wiiich art' ebieily those of " lindlng technical managers of our smelting \voiks .at Tilt (.^ivc, who " poKBeSfl, besides 8l:ill in their trade, the capacity of adapting "ihcmsolves to tho dillerenl conditiona of Newfoundland and this " eimntry, we shall have a proiitabh.' properly." 'fl.eio firo other copper miius in ncfivo operation, but time com- pels me I.) pnas on, and turu to another import .;nt mining iudnstry, r I ocli tli(\t of "Iron rviiic.>," wliifili vu; i>; one oC i;i]>ii1ly iiuMc'if-iiiL;' lomauinplioii, biiii^' u:u'il i'or the iiiunnriicliiK.' ol' Kiilphiiiir, iioitl. 'J'o ffivo Hii iii;;liiiico o!" llio iii'inviso in tlic (li'iiifiiul for (lii,-! niiniTftl, I ni!iy sny (Iiafc ficcordiinr iu llu' Klalislicnl rfptulH oC llu• T..;^...l *J..,A„. „!• » ■ ... ii i:.. • . /i...i I.... 1 _: IJiiiti'il Statcrt of .Vr.ici'ica, (he c'(tnsiim|itii)ii in (hat (•duiil.ry has ri.si.'U t'vom 8,U(i() tons in JoSK [u .Ihl.OUO (ohm in Ks81', nutl for KS'JL' it i.^ cnlciilati-d that. ','i'>0,*>'>^> tuns will i)c' (MiismritHl. A tH.'iCovery oC n very ]inrc i|inilily oC pyi'itc-i oi'(! was mado in Iht- fojony a j'cw yt'iiis .>iii('e, which is uaw hcinj,' iictivcly wdikoil hy ;iii I'jifjli.sh cuinjiany calli'd ihu J'yritcs (.'cinpany, Liniitcd, iind it is to (hu fourti'sy of the Dit'c\'toirt of that C/'unijiauy that 1 am inilc'l)lc»l for Iho 6tatisli(Mil infcrniation with regard to tiicir proju'ily that I pnrpo.sc givin^r yon. J>\oni the rcpoit.s of thi.s mine hy Dr. T?. W. l.i '', of the GoYcniinout (iColuf>i(;nl Snrvo}' of Canada, and hy M('.:,-U's. Jm i 'I'Mylor and S(nia, of .London, didod Dclohci' and Jnly, lyiK), re piolivcly, I laliO the followin^j oxlraets: — Dr. Ellis sriys — ■''The a.-' : .s of niineralH •'show it to bo almost ahsolntoly ])nro itjii pyrito.=!, tlic jwicontu" of •'earthly malt r ■ iii!^ only the half of one j)or cnnt., with snlphnr o'J "per cent., and iron 4(!..'^'0 por cent.'' A compaiisoi; with jinro Knlf)hi(i of iron (/.'■., iron Ui.'iO ])(.'r cent., Kul|)hnr ijJ.'.'iO [)ur oenl.) bhow.s pinctically no diii'cioneo. ^Il■.'■.;r.■^. John Tayloi' and Scu.; rejiovt fis i'ollow.s ; — "The iodo which ia litin;;' woikod is a titruiii^ and tnastcrly "one. . . It is coniiiusL'd of a solid mass of inni pviitcs, varying' in " widlh from r^O foel. a( siuCuci', to (IS IVef wide at the Xo. 1 level, ami "at JS'o. 2 to a discovered width of lOd feet." I'i.ieh of these lopoits ^'ives the nua.sined ore in sit^ht at llie dale of the e.\aminati(m at about half-a-niiiIio!i tons, with a jirohabilif) ui' many milliou.s of tons yet uni!ev('lo]ied. I niny also inention that in the pyiiles mines of the Uni'ed Sl.alcs of /\mcrieii, the greate.-.t amount of SMl|ihnr eonlained in the oic is dC' ■ pei eent., compared with Tili per cent, of the Newl'oiindliuiil mine. This mine is sitnated in an excellent harbonr, clo-e to Iho water's edjro ; vessels of any size can come alon_:^sido the (-ompany's whari'. ami he li>aded at the rate of |,(M)0 tons a day. It is L'.')i) ndlea north of St. John's, and I lie n■l^•i^^•ltioIl is iivc from ice lV)m May to J)ecemlier. The prodn.t of the mine w;is 7,000 tons in 188!), IH.OIIO tons in L^IM), ;iO,(>ii(» tons in LS!);, and iho estimated production foi' this year is from r>O,0(i(i i,) (lO.OOO tons. The next in importance of the niineials heinf:^ worked at pfe?cnt i i Asbestos, of which (here is a prolitahlc mine in operation in Si. (leor^e's 15ay, on the west coast ol the col'uy. Tiu^ owner of thi.s ])roperty is tiie lion Koheit Hond, the pri',-<(iit. (colonial Secretary of the the colony, who ha- int'oimed me that the (pi.ijity of the asbestos is nimiir- passed by any in North America, bein>^ ot' exceptional length of stuph-. This mine is bcin^r worked by an Anieiioan Comp.mv, on leasee from llr. IJond. colon ili.sco mass Keitl must iuke Govt colli " thi " bci " sei! "tot " lb "ho " Uii " M "Ih " wc chat "th "S' "in •'bi "tl "b: "bi (I w cni BUI la giv of be: X'X ri\ Ih nt lo bi G -* ^ Tlio f^roalcflt in imjiorlrir.cc of tho uiidevclopod miin'rals in tho Colony in, no doubt, Coal, of wliioli (wo cxlondivo lieIJ:i iiiivo hcon tliscovorccl, ono near SU (iooi'gc's Hay, in clo.-io proxiiniLy lo liu^'o masses of iron oro, and tho other near Doci- !i:\!ie, on tho IL'iiabLT river. [Koitlu'r ol' these coal liehls .'U'o any f^rcafc dislanco from tho coa.si/, and muat jirovc of iiumonHc econoniic importance in the near future. 1 lake tho few fuUowiug; extraotH from tho report of J[r. IFowley, F.G.S., tnivorniuout Cicological Surveyor, of Newfoinullnnd, on the suhjeotof tho coal liehh^ in St. (ieurge'ri JJay, dated Gth i\rareh, 1 SUO : — " The a;,'tjre[rato " thiekne.s;} of all thetie Kcains on tho wedt Hide of tho troiigli {^ived •' between eighteen and twenty fcot of coal. If wo add to tliis tho " seams on Eobinson'a Kiver and tho 'Northern Feeder,' we havo u *' total of abont twonty-.snvcn feet altogether, which is about ten feet Icsa *' than that oi' tho Nort'n Sydney section. There nro good groundH, *' howovor, for believing that other soam.s not yet discovered exist in "this neighbourhood, especially in the central part of tho trough. " Many fragments of loose coal were ob.served in tho gravel overlying "tho highest scam, which, judging from tlieir charaeler and position, ** wero ap[>arently derived from a still iiighc seam." Oi tho character of tho coal discovered he speaks as ft)llowH : — " Tho coal in "tho Cleary scams closely le.^embles in external appearance that of tho " Sydney mines, Capo Urelon. It is bright, tolerably hard, and breaks " into Bipuuo and obloiig blocks. It is a bituminous caking coal, '* burns well in an open grate, and leaves neaily a white ash. That of "tho Jukes Keam is enlirely diilerent. It ])reson(s a liriUianL "glistening black appearance, breaks into small fragments, aud ii very •' brittle, resembling in this respect Bomo of tho Welsh coals. It "burns freely in tho open air, giving off but littlo smoke, and leaves a " wliito ash re.-iiduo. Tiiough biturainou.'!, it does not clog *;ho b:irs of "a grate, and altogetlier seems remarkably frt;e from impurities." The coal field of Deer Jnko is oven more promising than that des- cribed abuve; it was carefully examined by Mr. lluwiVy duiitig last Bummer, but his report is not yet out of tlio hands of tho printer, ho I am unable to (pioto from it. ] think, however, that T havo ahe.idy given Knllicient instances to show that in tho near future tho minerals of Nowl'oundland must prove of great vab.ie to tho Colony, be.iides being of importance to (iieat Jiritain and liie IJnipire at large. Another industry that has received a great impetus during Iho lost few years is that of *• lumbering," it is cirried on chiefly in the vuUey of tho l'].xploils river, the Gander, the Cambo, and the ilumber rivers. 'I'o rpiote from the report of the gcoloi^dcal survey f(.ir the year 1871 — " Tho forest of tho ]v\ploi(s \'alley consist.i of pine, .spruce, balsam-fir, " tamaraeh, white birch, and poplar." 'J'here aro large timlicr mills at tho mouth of the Kvploils river, owned by an Muglish company, who nt tho timo of my visit there last Rummer were sawing u)) about J,0(I0 logs a day, Home of these logs having a diaineier of 48 inches at tho butt. Th" comi)any has lumbeiing rights over several hundred fi(piaro r A