^^9 4 'V PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. A COLLECTION OF (percona ^etino^iz^^ \x{ (profeeaionaf oxC^ ^fificaf j£ife, AN!) IN THE COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY OF CANADA. EDITED BY G. MKRCER ADAM, Author 0/ " Thf History of the North- W^^t,'' " Lift of Sir John A. Maalonadd," etc. CANADIAN BIOGRAPHICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY. 1892. t 28235D Enteretl accoriling to Act of the Parliament of Canada, in tlic year one thousand eight hundred and ninety- two, by the Canadian' BKXiRVPHK'.AL Pihlishinc Companv, at the Department of Agriculture. 4 P R E F A E . IT has too lon^ bt't'i! rnstoiiiary in Canada to ro^^ard as proper subjects for bio^rai)ln- cal literature only persons who have figured in political life. But, in preparing; the present work, we have departed from this custom, and present to our readers a gi'ou]) of men who have, durini; their life time, contributed in some conspicuous way to the moral, intellectual, industrial and political j,a-owtli of our country. To those, and to others who have hewn out homes for themselves in the wilderness, and little by little overcome the obstacles of nature, are \\e indebted now for our wide stretches of cultivated lands, our smilinj^ viihi^es, and our thrivinjjf towns iind cities. As men are for ever drifting down the slow stream of time — and a few of those mentioned in this volume have been calleuc. PAf.K II 4(MI 4J1 71 •2m .38-2 81 254 •J2<» 316 286 410 122 2.in ISO 302 58 465 194 148 31.3 259 146 114 185 116 428 74 318 89 218 224 '76 60 205 432 157 246 377 4.36 .314 363 297 160 .368 78 448 418 64 .306 222 280 '.t6 102 175 374 184 .366 268 290 .360 4< I .u INDEX. Dry<1en. Hon. .Ino., M.P.I'., Hrooklin, Ont. Dwight, Hiirvfy Prontite, Toronto, Out. larle, ThoB., M. P., Victoria. B.C. . Ktley, MoMe« Chaiiiberlain, Ottawa, Out. KdwanU, .las. PawHon. Toronto, Ont. Evana, Robert, Hamilton, Ont. Farmer,'!". I). .1., Hiunilton, Ont. Foarmiui, Kre.C. , LL. !). , IJarrie, Ont. (Jrafton, Jas. H., Dundas, Ont. Oraham, .Fno., Ottawa, Ont. (irant. Sir James, K.C. .\l.(i., Ottawa, Ont. (Jrant, Rev. tJeo. Munro, T).I). , Kingston, Ont. (Jray, Henry Alfred, Toronto, Ont. tJrifiin, Martin .J., Ottawa, On'. Griffin, Dr. H. S., Hamilton, Ont. .. (iuan, Ale.xander, Kingston, Ont. Ozowski, Col. Sir Casimir Stanislaus, K.C.M.(i., Toronto, Ont. Haggart, Hon. .lolin Graham, P.C, M.P., Ottawa, Ont. Harcourt, Hon Richard, M.A., ,C., M.P.P., Toronto, Ont. Hardy, Hon. A. S., .M.P.P., Q.C., Brantford, Ont. Harris, Hel)ron, Ottawa, Ont. Hendrie, Wm., Hamilton, Ont. Henej', .Ino., Ottawa, Ont. Herbert. Major-* General, Ottawa. Ont. Hesson, t'has. A., St. Catharines, Ont. Hodgson, Wm., Ottawa, Ont. Howarii, Allen McLean, Toronto, Ont. Jardine, Jos. W., Saltfleet, Ont. Jarvis, Sylvester, ( Irimsbj', Ont. Keefcr. Thos. C, C.M.G., F.R.S.C, C.E., Ottawa. Ont Kennedy, R. .-E. , Hamilton, Ont. Kenrick, John, Hamilton, Ont. Kirkpatrick, Lieut. Col. , the Hon. G. A., Q.C., Kingston (Toronto) Klotz, Otto J., Ottawa, Ont. Lacoste, Hon .Sir Alex., Q.C., D.C.L., Montreal, Que. Land, Col. John, Hamilton, Ont. Langelier, F. , M.P., Quebec Langevin, Sir Heot^r Louis, C.B., K.C.M.f}., &c., Quebec La Riviere, Hon. A. A. C, M.P., St Boniface, Man. Larkin, Patrick, St. Catharines, Ont. Laurier, Hon. Wilfrid, M.P., B.C.L., Q.C., Arthabaskaville, Que. Lawry, Thos., Hamilton, Ont. Laxton, Jno. , Toronto, Ont. . . Leith, Alex. H., Ancaster, Ont. Le Sueur, Wm. D., B.A., Ottawa, Ont. Lewin, Hon. Jas. Davies, St. John, N.B. Littlehales, Thos., Hamilton, Ont. .. Long, Wm. 1)., Hamilton, Ont. Longley, Hon. Jas. Wilberforce, M.P.P., M.K.C., Halifax, N.S. Ont. PACK 188 434 380 206 442 268 136 412 266 384 289 388 416 420 378 131 86 354 186 162 99 232 •iOS 3« 296 401 :ii8 287 151 405 402 222 129 130 438 470 292 202 320 106 294 18 221 252 449 340 380 306 226 302 155 355 234 196 140 120 322 372 42 170 348 33 199 64 408 300 422 - ■^ L\UKX. Lottridge, •lainea M., Hamilton, Ont Lottridge, Roht., Hainilton, Out. Lougheetl, Hon. JiinuH Ahxander, Senator, Calgary, N. W.T. Lucaa, Rich. A., Hamilton, Out. Macnl .MacMh)wiill, 1). H , .M.l'., I'rince Alh«Mt, X.W.T. .Maodonald, Hon .Ino , Toronto, On'. Macfarlanf, Hon. Alex., l^C, "ulace, X S. Mackenzie, Hon. Alex., M.l'., loronto, Ont. Maclean, Alex., Ottawa, Ont. MacpherMon, Hon. Sir l>a\id L., K.CM. 4U) 274 ;«7 152 •M I7d :«« 238 216 .312 11.3 1.34 .344 .3(1 «4 214 ;«2 394 46S 252 127 1«2 27S 277 I2K 2M4 119 :«>4 200 260 .3.30 282 44 393 24 380 183 262 384 20 374 449 .346 210 383 124 62 ^ \ INDKX. liobiimon, Hon. .)<>lw> ll«verley, Toronto, Ont. Kliii, UttAwa, Ont. KogL-i, .liiliii ('., Ottawa, Out. Kotuiiiiiiiiil, l(., M.l'., Almonte, Ont. KoiK!, < it'll. Miu'lean, 'l'ori)nto, Ont. ItoBU, Mciii. Oio. W., LF..1)., M.IM'., Toronto, Ont. . K.(.'. L., Lieut, (lov., N. W.T. Kiisseil, l>r. .laniea, llantilton, Ont. Kycknian, Sanniel .S., .VI. I*., Hamilton, tint. Sant'iinl, Hon. W. K., Huniiltou, Oni. Sawjtr, Lutlier I)., Hamilton, Ont... Scartli, Williiiin Hain, \V'inni|H'K. Man. Hchull/, Hon. .Ino. Christiiin, .VI.I)., K.U.S.C, Wiiniipcg, Scott. Hon. Iliuhartl Win., t^l'., Ottawa, Ont. . Sorini, (.'liiirles, (.)ttawa, Ont. . . Seilgewick, Kol)t., (^.C, Ottawa, Ont. Selv.yn, Alfri'tl Richard Cecil, C. M.O., Siiaiiglini'SHy, TI108. (J., Montreal, Que. SJieai-ei-, JiinieM Traill, Montreal, Que. Shore, T. \. , < )ttawa, Ont. Skinner, Hon. ('has. XeUon, Q.C, M.l'., St. Smith, "rof. (ioMwin, M.A., LL.U., D.L'.L. Smith, .los. H., Hamilton, Ont. Smith, Chat). Kohinson, Hamilton, Ont. Smith, Hon. Fnmk, P.O., Toronto, Ont. .. Smith, Hon. Sir U. A., LL.I)., K.C.M.C, M.l'., Montreal, lj;ue. .. Smith, Lieut. Col. Henry R., Ottawa, Ont. Smythe, F. C, Ottawa, Ont. .. SUirs, J. v., M.l'., Halifax, N.S Stanley (Lord) of Preston, (J.C.B., P.C., (!iniMii»n. is a ycmnj^Pi" soil of the fourteenth Pjiiil of l)eil)y, iiiid hrotlier of the [nvseiit liolder of tlio title. His iiiothei- was Eiiiuia, (lauifliter of tlie Hrst IjkihI Skehicrs- dale, of Lancashire, Eiiyland. His Exct'lleney was horn in London in IS^ 1, and received liis ediK-ation at F^ton, after wliich he entered the Grenacher (Juards. From this he retired in 180") with the rank of captain. He tlien entered jioHtical life, representiiiii in the Con- servative interest, first Preston, and afterwards North Lancashire. In L^t)f< he became, for a few months, one of the lords of the Admiralty, and from 1S7I to 1877 he acted as tinancial secretary for war, and afterwards became tinan- cial secretary to the tieasury. In 187 the Hon. Mr. Hardy, now Lord Cranbrook, and was sworn of the Privy Council. In the autumn recess of that year he and the late Hon. \V. H. Smith, then first lord of the A(hiiiralty, with a numerous suite, visited the island of Cyprus. Early in 1880 he went out of office with his party. In L(»rd Salisbury's <;overnnieut he wsus for a time secretary of state for the colonies, and in the cabinet of Au.i,'ust, 188G, was aji- pointed president of the Board of Trade, and raised to the peerage with the title of Lord Stanley of Preston. In 1888 he succeeded the Marquis of Lansdowne in the Governor-General- ship of Canada, and in this viceregal office he has made him.self popular with all classes of the people. In 1864, His E.xcellency married Lady Constance, eldest daughter een the eliaits liy wliieliall sinee have pi-oeeeded. This e.stahlished the reputation of Mr. Ahlnttt : and hepu))lished a manual, with ample notes, deseiihinj; his Act. Uusiness men Hocked to his othce to consult him on a measure which they l>elie%ed no one else could so well elucidate, and. natuially enouj^h, out of this his le<,'al practice <:;ri'w to very lar«,'e proportions. Mr. Alilnitt, the reader need hardly he reminded, was the le;.'al adviser of Sii- Hu<;h Allan in the nej^otiations anent the Pacific Railway : and it was the confidential cleik of Ml-. Ahhott wh(» puiloined the piivate corres{)ondence, the publication of which aided in creating,' such a scandal, and l)rouj,'ht about the ovei'thi'ow of Sir John A. Macdonald's n Act for Lower Canada : and anotlier imjiortant measure of his W!vs the Bill for CV)llectin<; Ju- dicial and Registration Fees by Stam{)s. He is likewise the author of various other import- a!it public measures. Mr. Ablxitt has l)een entrustesition he held for a numl)er of years. His high status at the bai' also won for him the position of standing counsel of the C. P. ]{. C'o., and he afterwards l)ecame a I)ii-ector of that Company, which office he lield until he attained the Prennership of the Dominion. This occur- retl (»n the death of Sii" John A. Macuilding up of this great Dominion, to its consolidation, to its aggia?idis<'ment. to the piomotion of its material prosj)erity, and to constituting it a foundation tor a great nation to rule over the northern half of this continent. I know, all of us know, that in the ])erformance of that great woi'k. and the great responsibility that fell u]>on him as head of the lountry foi' so many years, he built for himself a reputation not only on this continent. l>ut in England, scarcely second to any statesman who .sat in the councils of this empire. * * Tn all his public life his cliaiac- teristics were those which we are taught, and T ho])e which we will never forget, to admire and imitate. That is the statesman we have lost : but we have also lost a friend, who is enshiined in the hearts of the whole }>eople. No man probably ever lived who had so strongly with him the symj>athies and affections of the [)eople, a }>eople constituted as ours is, divided by race, divided by religion, divided by haVnts, divided l)y jM)litics, yet personally he was the friend of every man in the ccmntry, and every man in the "•ountry regarded him with afi'ection a.s well as with friendship. " Succeeding such a man in the administration of the public affairs of Canada, it would l)e difficult for Sir John Caldwell Abbott, or indeed for any man, however gifted, to lival Sij' Johns astuteness as a pai-ty leader, or to eclipse his fame in the executive leadership of the country. But since he took the reins of government he has shown himself not wanting in many of the high (pialities of statesmanship : and he has had, it w ill lie admitted, a most ardu- ous and difficult task to perform. That he has succeeded so well is proof, if pi(H)f were needed, of his eminent a))ility and aptitude for public affairs. Sir John Caldwell Abl)ott is president of the Frasei- Institute, or Free Public Lil)rary of the City of Montreal : a (lovernor of the University of McGill College, President of the Royal Victoiia Hospital, and a Director of the Bank of Montreal. In the year 1849, he mar- ried Mary, daughter of the Very Rev. James (i. Bethune, D.D., late Dean of the diocese of Montreal. Thougfi now well ad\anced in his seventy-second year. Sir John Caldwell Ablwitt is, ])hysically as well as mentally, robust, and l)eais with east clie lieavy demands and cares of his high and responsible office. In the City of ^lontreal, where he has resided for many years and is well known, he enjoys the respect of all clas.ses of the comnmnity. -■ J. r p-'^ %., ' x'r^^^^H Mi g ^. ■''^.vCKflil^^^^^^l ^^^^^^ ^K^- *■ •..■uPcW'^Bl I^^^^^^R*^.. :4mUSl^M ^B ^ I^HHk^ ""^IH^^^I fc i^^- ,^^^^^H B ^c •■^■J B^- "^^^^^L ■ p ^^P?''% M ^^HPm^wH^IE^hI 4 ^^^H^ S'i'^y?^ w 'S ^^^2i ^^^^K B^-H-'-* R'.' f ,/c1 IFTt-^ ■ ' SIR JOHN J. CALDWELL ABBOTT, P.C , K.C.M.G., Montreal, Que. J. 14 I'KOMIXENT MEN OF CANADA. I SIK JOHN THOMPSON, K.C.M.c;., LL.I)., Q.C., M.P., Ottnira, at. UIII.IOHN SFAKItONV DAVID THOJ ^ k5 SON, K.C.M.O., LL.D., g.C, .M.P., Minis tci' ot" .lustii'c and Attorii«'y-(it'iifiiil of Ciiimda, was lM)rn at Halifax, N.S., Ning returned by a pnumunced majority. That the high hopes of his friends were not d(M>med to disappointment was siKin evident, for in the House he at once sprung in- to prominence. From the commencement of his political career he developed a remaikable aptitude for parliamentary life ; he rapidly rose to the front lank as a debater, and it scnm l)e- came apparent that the young mend»er for An tigonish was destined to jjlay no unimportant part as a legislator. At tlie general election of 1878 he was re-elected by acclamation, and the Libeial administration being defeated, the Con- seivativ" leader was called uj)on to form a g<»v- ernment. Mr. Thompson was gn a the posi- tion of Attorney-General i i the new Cibinet, and on returning to his coistitueiits he was again elected by acclamation. He continued to act as Attorney-General until 188-J, and during his incumbency he was instrumental in the pass- age of a large amount of useful legislation, pro- bably the most important measure l^eing the Municipal Corporation.-; Act, which gave local self-government to the counties of the province. Another measure which he framed was an act for the consolidation of all the provincial rail- ways, which would ha\e had an imp<»rtant ef- fect on the railway interests of the province had it l>een carried to a consummation. On May 'Joth, 1882, Mr. Holmes retired from public life, and Mr. Thoini)son succeeded him as Premier, in which capacity he continued to act, holding the Attorney-Generalship at the same time, un- til July ■25th of the same year, when, on an ap- peal to the people, his government was defeated. A few months later he entered upon a new phase of his career as a judge of the Superior Court of Nova Scotia, his appointment to which position was received with great satisfactitui by the bar <»f the province. No part of Sir .John Thompsons record stands out more brightly than that of his conduct on the l>ench. He had a thorough knowledge of the law ; in his new po- sition he displayed the same tireless industry that has ever characterized him; his character for judicial fairness was never impeached, and these (jualitications, backed up by his unerring judgment, made him one of the most esteemetl judges of the province. Nor did he contine himself at this time to the mere routine of his official position. Tlie Judicature Act, which became law in 1884, and greatly simplified the practice of the courts, was drafted by him ; and in the midst of other lalxmrs he found time to deliver a couree of lectures on " Evidence " before the students of Dalhousie law scIkmiI. Tlie example which he thus set had a lasting effect, for it led to the Fai alty being afterwards able to secure the services of the best law lecturers in the pr-ovince. Meantime, events ■L SIR JOHN THOMPSON, K.C.M.G., LL.D., Q.C.. Ottawa, Ont. -•-•- 16 r ROM I KENT MEN OF CANADA. were occuinni; in anntliei- imit nt" llic Ddininion, wliifh \v«'r»' t<)lifi\t' itii iiii|Miitiiiit iMNniii;^ on his future, for they ultiiiwitrly resulted in his retw to {)ul)lic life in the hioader field of Ke«leral polities, ill which he has siiiet' wmi sueli hijih dis- tinction. The iiuidt'iitsof the North-West reln-l- lion, in lNHr),iiiid its suppression i)y tlu' volunteer force under (Jcneial Middlcton, are niattcis of histoi'v, hut closely allied to them was the eouise whicli the Ctoveriniient felt iuijM'lled to take in refjjard to this unfoitunate uprisin;,'. Fioni the very couuiiencenient of the outhi-eak. the |)olicy of the (Toverniiient was to stamp out the relwl- lion at whatever cost, and to teach the inhahi- tants of the North-West, hoth halfhreeds and fndians, that the authority of the Dominion was su[»reme in that countiy, and must he main- tained, and this jxtlicy they carried out etlect- ively. l)Ut on the capture of the instif^atoi' and chief leader, an was sworn of the Privy Council, and appointed Minister of Justi.-e and Attorney- General of Canada. On the lt')th October fol- lowing, he was elected to the House of Com- mons for his old constituency, Antigonish, for which he has sat continuously since, having l)een re-elected at the general elections of 1SS7 and 1S91. The new minister took his seat in the session of 18SG, and, as had been foreseen, an opportunity was shortly aftbrdcd him for the ilisplay of those splendid abilities which have since raised him to the position of the first par- liamentarian in the Dominion. Hiel had paid the penalty n Louis Rial, convicted of high treason, was allowed to be carried into execution." This was virtually a motion of want of c«)n- tidence in the Administration, and as such it was treated, and Mi-. Blake's arraignment of the (ioverinnent from his standpoint was a most jMiwerful one. It fell to Mr. Thompson's h)t to reply, and the result showed that the task could not have been placed in l»etter hands. In his o])ening sentences he laid down the pntposition that "if a polit'robably to ncjiie more so than his able opponent on that occasion. H«' set himself out to show that the trial of Kiel had l)een a fair one, and that justice had l«'en done, and he succeeded. Nor was ther«' any temporizing or ap<»logetic tone as he declared, that " the man who undertakes, in the condi- tion in which the Indians are now, to incite those Indians to rise and to connnit war and (lej)i'edation, either ujmhi the gariisons, or uj> )n the white settlers of the North-West, takes his life in his hand, and when he ap}»eals t(» ine for meicy he shall get justice." \S'ith ii-resistible logic, with an earnestness which proved his faith in his cause, with a keenness of sarcasm which diott, in whose administration he continues to act as Minister of Justice and Attorney-General, and is leader of the Goverinnent in tlie House of Commons. • ••< I'KOMixEyr MKX or Canada. n In I •'^'^7 lie WHS (•Iiiis»'i\ hy tlu* (J<»vermiieiit to as- sist tin- hritisli rf]iif>viitativ«'s on tlic Fishcrv C'niiiiiiissioii iit \V'fisliiii<^t<(ii, Jiiid tor liis mt\ it-t's on that oi'iasioii he was created l»y Her Maj- esty a K.C'.M.(J in the niontli of Aii;;us( of the fol low in;; year. In IS'JO he \isite(l Kn^iland, specially charged witii the presentation, to the Home authorities, of tiie Canadian \ iew of the V 'Xt'd Copyri;,'lii question ; and his letter, written while ii, London, to tiie Secretary .»f Siate for the Coh.nies, is undouhtedly tlse ahh'st State paper on tlie Canadian Copyriiftit <|uestion which has l»een placed on record. While he did not fully succeed in his mission, his repre- sentations prevented tiie impending disallow- ance of the Canadian Copyright Act of ISS'.t. In Fehruary, IS!(1', he was a member of the delegation of Canadian ministers who visited Washington, and who. in confe!*eiu-e with Sec- retaiy IJIaine. agreed ujMin a delineation of the lioundary between Canada and Alaska, a system for leciprocity in wrecking i.nd towing on the great lakes, an agreemen. for the maiking of the international boundaries in Passamai] noddy l»ay. and also foi' a joint connnission in the in- terests of the Fisheries of the respective coun- tries. In April, 1892, I )alhousie College, Nova Scotia, conferred uf>on him the degree of LL.D in lecognition of his ser\ ices to that institu tion, his active : vmpathy with the cause of education, and his high staiuling in the councils of the State. The degree of LL.D. had pre- viously been conferred ujMin him by the L^ni- versity of Ottawa. In 1S70. Sir .lohn Thomp- son married Annie K., daughter of Caj>tain Affleck, of Halifax, and has surviving issue, live chihiren. two sons and three daushtei-s. HON. CHAHLES N. SKINNKH, Q.C., M.R. .SV. .I,>ln,, N.I',. HON. CHAS. NELSON SKINNER. (,).C..re- jiresentative in the I^ominion Parliament for St. John, N.I>., has foi' years past been inti- mately associated with judicial and political affairs in his native pro\ince. He was i)orn in St. John, March Titli. IS:5;i, his pariMits l)eiag Sanmel Skinner, and his wife, J'htebe ShtMwood (folding, wiiose gi'andfather was captain of a cimpany their abode in Nova Scotia, so that on both sides Mr. Skinner is descended from U. E. Loyalist stock. Samuel Skinner was a contractor and buildei', and at an early age went to i-eside in St. John, where for many years he carried on a large and successful busines.s. The subject of our sketch received his eilucation in the com- mon and grammar schools of St. John, after- wards studying law nndei- (,'harles W. Stockton, in the same city. He was admitte<-")S. and was called to the bar two years later, siixt which (nnehe has, forthemost jiart, iK'en engaged in the active pra-tice of his jiro- fession, in which he has won a high reputation. In !S(;|. at the age of J S years, he made his ap|>earance in the ])olitical arena as mendH-r of the Legislative .\f .Mr. (now Sir [..eonard) Tilley, which in 1 .*<()"» was defeated by the Anti-Con- federation ])aity, led l»y Ali)ert (!. Smith, Timothy Warren .\nglin, and John C. Allen. In t!ie following year, however, the Confedera- ti<)n l)iirty was in its turn succe.s.sful at the )>olls. ami Mr. Skinner was again eleited for St. John. In August. lSt')7, he was appointed Solicitor- (leneral in the A. \\. Wetmore administration. Mild held office till March. ISIiS. when he i-e- tired, having been maileaJudge of P obate. In the same year he was created a (^.C. ty the Pro\ incial (iovei nment. and in lS7-?he i-,»ei\i'd a sinnlai' honour from the I)ominion(>oveinment. In 1SS7 he iv.signed his judgeship, and as one of the candidates of the Liberal j)arty, was elected to the I)ominion Parliament for St. John city and county. During two ses.sions thereafter Mr. Skinner continued to act with his political friends, but he then became convinced that the |)olicy of the Lil)eral-Conservative administra- tion was the best for the country, and since that time he has rendered it a loyal sujtport. That his course was generally appro\ed by his constituents was shown by the fact that at the general ;'lection in March, ISIU, he was re-elected by a large majority, his successful colleagues, also sui>p>rters of the (iovernment of Sir' John Macdonald. being Messrs. J. D. Hazen and Ezekiel McLecwI. Throughout his whole career Mr. Skinner has shown himself to be an ener- getic and honourable public-spirited citizen, and as such he commands tlie respect and esteem of his fellow men. In civic afFaii-s he has always taken an active interest, and for some years jn-ior to his entering parliament he rendered valuable service as a memlvr of the St. John City Council. Professionally he is known as an industrious and well read lawyei-, an elo<|uent pleader, and eminently successful in his mcnle of pi-esenting his cfuse tf» the jury. As a parlia- mentarian he has distinguished himself as a ready and Huent speaker, a skilful debater, and one who fi-om hisintinuite knowledge of the af!Uirs of the country is well fitted to take a leading part '\n di.scussing public cjuestions on the tl CoiiiiiierciHl hank ot' N»'W Hriiiiswick, tiiui liiul issue ei^lit oliild- r»'ii, (if wliom s«'v»'ii fti«> living, five sons aixl two (launlitfrs. M A.i OH (i KN KH A I. H KKliEKT, Of/inni, (hit. IVOR .JOHN CAHADOCK HERBERT, 1 CR, Mujor OtMH'ial, Otticer Conuiiaiidin^ the Canadian Militia: " It ii* one of tli« iiitrl luliiiiralile documenU of the kind that haH tieeii tontrihuted to the militia literature of CanaiderinK the coui- purjii\ely limited time that thelieneral has had to inform himstlf uf the (letailj of the Canadian Hervite as it txi»',s. It is evident th:it he U an otticer of unat<\ial ahility and anihition, and pur^toses tol>e more than a mere flvriirehead in connection with the sen ice, as, nnfortiinately, fonie of his predecessors were. The comments •n his report are' critical and incisive, yet so just and admittedly correct as to commend themsehes to all lovers of the service, and his recommendations and plans of reform meet with general ap- proval." The npinions in tlie extract quoted above were those of a capalile and well informed critic on the appearance, early in 1892, of Major-(ieneral HerWrt's first ainiual rep«)rt on the (^iiiadiaii Militia, and to the readers of Canadian bio^fraphy they will serve as a fitting intriKluction to a l)rief sketch of tlie career of the distinguished otticei mentioned. Major-(ien- eial Herbeit comes of high and honourable line- age. He was liorn July I'jth, 1S51, at Llan- arth Court, Moinnouthshire, Wales, the family seat, occupied l>y his family in direct descent since the time of the Norman cesieged and captured by tien. Faii'fax. The subject of our sketch was educated at St. Mary's Roman Catholic College, Oscott, and in 1870, at the age of 19 years, he entered the army as ensign and lieutenant in the Grenadier Guards. In 1874, he was pro- moted to the rank of lieutenant and captain, passed through the staff college, and in 1882 was appointed brigade-major to the brigade of Guards. In that capacity he served on the staff of H. R. H. the Duke of Connaught in the Egyptian campaign of 188'J, in<-!uding the ac tioiiH I't Magfar and Kassassin and the fniiiouH battle of Tel-el KeU'r, and at the close of the campaign lie rect'ived his brevet majority. On \\\y return to England he wait re-apjMiintetl to the staff of the ' rigude of Guards, and < itntin.i*'d in that |M>sitioi till the end of I88H, meantime having receiv i, in May of tliat year, his pro- motion to th« rank of captain and lieiiteiiant- coloiiel. 'ii Se temlH'i-, 1884, he was selected to command a tnnip of the camel corps (known as the (Suards Camel Itegiment), organized by Fiord Wolseley for the Soudan campaign, and (■le adjutant having l)een severely wounded in January, 188.'), Lt.-Col. Herliert was ajipointed in his place, and performed the duty of adju- tant till the return to England in July of the same year. In this short but eventfid campaign he ter of engagements, the corps to which he was attached forming part of the contingent under Sir Herl)ert Stewart, which crossed the Bayuda desert and fought the acti(»ns of Abu Klea, Abu Km and Metemmeli. After his i-eturn to England he was appointed Commandant of the School ttf Tnstructi<>n for Auxiliary Forces, in London, in which service he was brought much into contact with the mil- itia and volunteei' othcei-s, and the knowledge and exj)erience thus gained no doubt did much to commend him tor the position wliicii he now occupies at the head of the Canadian militia. In 1886, piobably owing to the fact that he was well versed in a number of foreign languages, he was aj)poiiited military attache at St. Peters- burg, and remained there until his af)p<»intmeiit (Nov. L'Oth, 1890) as OfHcer Commanding the Canadian militia with the h fal rank of Major- General. Prior to this, in 1889, he had been promoted to the lank of l)re vet-colonel, and in August, 1890, was created a Companion of the Order of the Bath. Since coming to Canada, Gen. Herbert has devoted himself eneigetically to the work of ctbtaining, by personal inspection and examinatiim, a thorough insight into the condition and requirements of our volunteei- force, and in pursuance of this duty he last year travelled upwards of twenty th<»usand miles, visiting the headcjuarters of the different battalions. In religicm General Herliert is, like all past generations of his family, a staunc'i Roman Catholic. In 187.3 he married Hon. Albertina Deni.son, youngest daughter of the first Baron Li>ndeslM)rough, and granddaughter of the Marquis of Conyngham. The latter was Lord Chamberlain when Her Majesty Queen Victoria came to the throne, and the manner in which he announced her accession to the young princess forms the material for an interesting page in the memoirs of Hon. Cha.s. Greville. Gen. Herbert's family consists of two children, a son and a daughter. M I MAJOR-GENERAL HERBERT, Ottawa, Out. T J. '20 riiOMINKST MKS Oh' CAS A DA. COL. WALKKH PoWKLL, 011,1, nu Onf. i lOl.. W ALKK.I{ PnWKI.h. A.ljutiint-CSrii.- * ml nt' till* Militia t>t' ChikuIii, wliosf liciul- i|Uart«'rs aic nt ()ttiis\a, was Imiii in tlif \illa>j«' ot' Watfituid, N.Mtulk .uuiiiv, May JOtli, ISJS. Hin pHiviitH w»'i«' Israt'l \V«mmI and Mcliiulu ( hoss) Puwcll, also iiati\t's of tln' same nini\ty. Col I'owcll is ot' I'. K. I^iyalist stock, liis ;,'raiul- t'athfi- having,' Ih'«'1i anion;; tin- loyal Huli.j»'ets ot" tin- ("rown wild tied to Nt-w iSninswick at the close ot" tlic |{c\ (ilwtionary war in \7M. Aliont the yeai' ITIMJ he came to rpper Ca- nada, settling in Norfolk county, where he took u|i land and went into taiinin;;, and w heie our sulijet't's t'athei- was Ixirii in ISO!. The latter was a well known man in his native county and took a pi-ominent |>ai't in puhlic at!"aiis. He was an ardent Uet'ornicr in politics, and represented Norfolk in the old parliament of Canada from lf<40 to |St7. Stran;,'e to say, the i,'eneral policy lie ad\ocated in those days was the same as carried out hy the Liheral Con- servative party during' recent years. Walker Powell recei\ed his early eover, and sui>se<|uently hecaiiie e.\tensi\ely enya;;ed in the shipping!; trade. He took considerahle in terest in puKlic attidrs, ;ind occupied a |iromi- nent position anion;; his fellow -townsmen. Me sei've<)"i he was ap- pointed Deputy-Adjutant (Jeneral of Militia, in which position lie continued to sei\e until 1S()7. .Vs a result of the war or rehellion in the United States, lS()l-64, it became necessary to make an entirely new ai'ran;;ement in connection with the Canadian militia, and lieni-e came the in- auguration of our jin'sent system, with which Col. Powell has since heeii intimately associated. Tn 1867 he wa.s aj)pointed Deputy Adjutant- (Jeneral for the Dominion with the rank of Lt.- Col. He l)ecame a Colonel :*7tli Aug., lf<7."5, and on Apill 21st, 1S7-'), was promoted to the jtositicn of Adj't-Geueral as successor to Major (leneral Selhy Sm.tli, U-in;; the first native Canadian to till this im|Mirtaiit post. In the |K'rformanc.' »f the onerous duties de\ol\ini; on him, Col. PoAfll has spent the U'st years of his life, and the efhcieney and stivn^th of our vol- unteer system speak solunies in his praise, for very much that has U'eii ai'coinplished in this dircL-tion is due to his praiseworthy and indivi- dual etVoit. Siine the withdrawal of the Im perial troops in l"<7l, the maiiagemeiit of our military aHairs has fallen entirely on Caiiiida, and the proiiijititiide with which at the tim«- of the North west HeU'llion of ISM.'i a force of finely e(|uipjK'd soldiers was plact'd in the field, and the splendid manner in which the cam|iai;;n was carried out l>ore ample testimony to the thorough ethcieiicy of the militia organi- zation. Canada has now an active force of ."17,- (K)() Volunteers, of whom I, (•()() are on peima- nent duty at the various schools of military instruction, and the force is working well all over the Dominion. An imjMirtant adjunct to the system is the IJoyal Military College at Kingston, Ont.irio, which the Aoss;b' ■ sys- tem for Canada. As a result, features of the military systems of England, France and (!er- many have been eff"ectively copied into that of the Dominion. Since accepting a position under the (iovernment. Col. Powell has never taken part in politics ; his career has lieeii one of untiling dev(»tion to the duties of his office, and he has always pos.sessed the entire confidence of successive administrations. In religion, he is a nieml)er of the Church of Englaii'l. Col. Powell has lieen twice married. His first wife was Catharine Pjmma, daughter of the 'ate Col. Culver, of W'lKKlhouse tovvnsliip, by whom he had one (hiughter, the wife of E..-Nlayor Mc- LecKl Stewart, of Ottawa. Tn 1^(57 he married Mary Ursula, daughter of the late Adam Uovvlbv, of Tovvnsend, Co. Noi-folk, bv whom he has issue two sons and two daughters, all living. The eldest son, Charles Herkeley, is a member of the firm of Perley i^' Pattee, lumlier munu- facturers and dealers, Ottawa, Ont., besides l)eing manager of the Standard Electric Light T ♦{ i. ^^y^y^Mjiyd^tiv. t^^^^^^^r .wdflH^^^^^ ^^^^^^(3^:^~^J0^ ^^^^Hl ^l^pl A »■ COL WALKER POWELL, Ottawa, Oht. T r .i. 1. 22 I'HOMIXKNT MEN Oh' CANADA. (')>iu|Miii) in tlir suin»* ml will. I>i'. Kii'd llitiiiiltori I'nWfll, II jjiiuliiiitf <>t' .Mi-rf, Mniitiful, mill .M. U. ('. P., l/iitiiloii luiil iMiMiii, h.'iH ivrently rrliiiiit'W t'i'oiii Kiii'ii|H- at'tfi' liii\iii;( »|i«'tit s liiii*- ill hnliii uiiil \ ii-iiiiu iiiiikin;; ii s|M'uil or^iiiiM. Ill priviitt' lite Col. Cowrll is known lis a iiiHii of till- lii^lit'st I'liaiMrtfi ami ot' an iiii snllifil rf|uitation. Mi- is lit-iuf lit'ltl in tlit* lii^li- j • •sf t'stt'iMii iiv all classfs witli w lioin hi- coiih's in i-olltiK-l. inCHAUn QUANCE, .Ih., Hi ilht'iink. Out. |)I('IIAWI» (.MANC'K, Jit.. millowiuT uiul I \ t'aniifi-, ultlioii;r|i still a youn;; man, isinie of ilif pioiiiiiu'iit rt'sidfiits of W't'iitwoitli coiiiity. ami is widely known for his fiH-riiy, t-ntfiiirise and liusint's.s uhiiity. Ht- was iMtni in Minlirotik towiisliip. May II. I '^•"•.■5. his parents hein^' Kicliaril and Alici- (I'aynian) (^iiaiice. the for iiier II iiiitiv*' of Devonshire, and the latter of Ciinwall. Kn<,'land. His fatlier and mother, it may lie lelated, were j»asseii;iers to Canada in the same vos-sel in 1S4'J. in fact it wiw alioard slii|) they ;,'ot an|uainted. and the result was their inarriaye alwiiit a year later. M r. C^iianee's father was Hcroiiipanied t.«i this country by his parents, and on arri\in^ here they settled on a farm in IJiiilirook. Richard, sr., eiij^ai,'*'!! in farininji four or tive years, when he went into the lumherinj,' and saw-milliiij^ husiiiess ; to this, in l.'^SO, he added ^^rist-millin;;. In the mean- time young Hiehard, who had attended the puhlie schoid Ion;; eiiouijli to ae(|uire a ;;imkI practical education, was taken into the lunilier mill in 1S70, and at the age of eighteen whs made manager, a position he has held ever since. The strong points in his charactei- are executive aliility, a g'.cat capacity for liusiness, persever- .mce and indoiuitahle industry, with a keen sense of the responsii)ilities devolving uj>on him. In ilie fall of 1SS(S, his father retired, giving his son full control of Inith hianches of the l)usines.s, which he has since carried on (|uite extensi\ely, and with great success. As a business man, he has disjilayed much ability, and his rejtutation stands high for integrity and fair dealing. Among his fellow-men, Mr. Quance is pei'son- aliy jxipular. In January, bSS.'i, he defeated Dr. Kussell, a strong candidate for the reeveship of Biid)ro()k, but at the end of the year he declined re-election. Tn politics, he has always Ih^'Ii a Coii- •servative, and has on all occasions done yeoman service for that party during the various jM>lit- ical contests which tcKik place in old Went- worth, and ia 18H6 w.as chosen the party can- didate foi- the Ontario Legislature in opposi- tion tti Nicholas Awrey, the sitting iiieinU'r for Stiuth Went worth, but on this iH't'iiMioii he siiHeretl defeat. Siiiif then he has, for liiisiiH'HM rea.Hoiis, declined re nniiiinat ion. .Mr. (.^uaiice i» a director of the .Millers' Mutual, and of the Saltiit • t and ItinbuMik hire Insurance Cum jMiny. in society circles he InOoiigs only to the .MtNonic oriler, and is u memlM>r of Mm Ion r.HMlge of Perfection in the .Scottish Mite. In religion, he is a Protestant, and an adherent of the MetluMlist iMKly. On September •_'♦, |M7h, he married Sarah Kliza, daughter of William Truesdale, of Salt Meet township, and has issue four children three daughtei's and one son. Personally, .Mr. <.^uance is highly it-spei ted by all cla.H.ses of the jieople. llo.N. AI-K.\ANI)KH M ACKAH LA.N K, Wii//iirr, Xitrii Sroflii, H< ) N. A [. K X .VXD K H M A ( ' K A H L .V N Iv t^.C, Senator, was Ixnii at the place named ill June, 1817. He was educatetl at the place of his birth, mainly by private tutors, and wiieii his stutlies were concluded In-gan the study of the law, anil was called to the iiar of No\a Scotia in 1811. His activity and his strong abilities soon gave him a conspicuous place in the legal profession, and a handsome jiract ice- was gradually established. At the same time that he jiractised his profession, he turned his thoughts to political (juestions, of which he matle a careful and profound study. In iS.'di, he of- fered him.-ielf as a candidate for the County of Cumbeiland. and was elected, and represented that constituency in the Nova Scotia legislature till the date of the union. In ISC)."), he became a member of the e.xecutive council of the jiro vince, and holds laiik and precedence as such by jiateiit from the (^ueeii. In |S<)7, he was ap- ptiinted (.Queen's Counsel, and he is a surrogate of vice-admiralty. He ttnik an active part in the movement for union, when the maritime provinces projected a unieeches have always been marked by much bresifith of view. In private life, Senator Miic- farlane has hosts of friends by whom he is held in the highest regard. I t i HON. ALEXANDER} tMACFARLANF Q.C.. Wallace, Nova Scotia. f J. i- 24 rRO^fINENT MEN OF CANADA. I VV. PEMHKRTOX PAGE, ToflllltOy Out. "'HIS ;;('iitlt'iu(iii, lik»' iiKiiiy ntlM'is ill this work, iiiav !>«• iu'f<>uiite<\'^, his parents hi'iiij,' .Jonatliaii H. and Catliaiine (Wilson) Pa;;e, Ixith of wlioiii were native-lxn'ii Canadians, and lived, and are still livinj,', in the place wiieie he was Ikhii, or in that \ icinity, his father l)ein<« now seventy-seven years of age and his mother seventy-three years/ Both sides n; iiis family, hack to grandparents, were life- lung niemhers of the Society of Krieiuls. His ','ii'at-grandfatlier, Klijali Page, who died after tittaining the ripe age of ninety-nine years, tut one hundred acres of land, which he con- ducted successfully for over ten years. He came to Toronto in ISSO, but for several years after coming here he was '.till owner of the farm, and continued to o^ ersee the same until selling it. As an evide.>ce of intellectual and business progre.ss n)ade, he sckiu came to occupy leading positions in societies to which he be- longe(l, and took an active intere.st in municipal affaiis generally. Mr. Page, while on his farm, was a leading agriculturist, and while .so en- gaged was editor of Tlie Cannilinn Famipr, which made its first appearance in the town of Welland in 1878. He was also part owner of the paper, and edited the same for several years, when th«^ entire plant was hnally sold out to C. IJlackett IJobinson, of Toronto. 77'- Ciniiif/itiii Foniiir was asucces.sful })ajii'i, attain- ing a large circulaticm, and was widely known and honoured among the agricultural papers of its day. In j>olitics, Mr. Page is a iiKMlerate lieformer, and has always been so, following the footsteps of his parents, on both sides of the house. Peing a native Canadian, Mr. Page has taken a deep interest in his country s welfare, visiting every section, and everywhere his name is well known, 'n the United States, his travels have iH'en somewhat ext^-n-sive, aci|uainting himself with the history and condition of mostiif tlieN«'W England, middle and we.stern states. Mr. Page, when coming to Toi'onto, devoted liis attention to the formation <»f The Canadian Mutual Life Association, of which he is now the secretary and manager, and, placing the plan l)efore sorn in Ireland. Mrs. Page's mother was born in England. Mr. Page is the father of five children, three of whom are living, the others having died in their infancy. Tlio.se living are Annie Olive, aged ten ; Forsey Pend)erton, seven, and Hubert Daniel, two. As stated before, his parents belonged to the Society of Friends, and in this faith lie was brought up, taking no j)art in military jiiirsuits, lia\ ing con- scientious scruples against it, but on his removal to Toronto, not finding any church of his par- ticular denomination, he associated liiinself with the Methodist church. He is now one of the iLctive members, and a trustee of Trinity Metluxlist church, Blse application to business. His record is one which any man in the country might feel proud of, possessing as he does the ccnfidence and esteem of the entire business community. •-•" rnoMixEXT .VEX or caxada. 26 I *r HON. PETER WHTTK, M.P., I'lHiliroki,' Out. HON. PKTKU WHITE, SiM-ukt-r of tli<" Dn- miiiioii Huusi' of Coiimioiis, v;i-! horn in Pcniln-okc. Oiitdiio, on tin- 'M)ih of August, 1^:5S. His fiitln-r was in tin- IJritisii uiiv y, and in the war of 1^12 served for a tinu- on the lakes under Sir James Yeo, and as one of the crew of the "St. Ijawrence." Uetirinji from the service, Mr. White moved uj) the Ottawa river, Ix'yond the existin;,' line of settlements, and l)e<^an to carve out his home in the hush at the point where the tlfiurishim,' town of Pem- broke now stands. He was the lirst settler in that region, hut the land proved so fertile and tin- location so fa\'oural>le, that he was s(M)n joined by others, and ere hn\<^ the nucleus of a town was tbi'.ned. This was in \f<2H, ten years l»efore the suhj^'ct of this sketch was hoin. With the advent of the youngei- White, the splendid county wliich he has since long and ahlv ri'preseiited. was then a forest -fastness : piactically, indeed, it was in the condition of a wilderness. The lad had hut slight educational advantages. The schools of the time were fair, so far as they went. They lacked many of the facilities jHKssessed hy the educational institu- tions of the present day. l>ut the teachers were, in the main, ]>ain.staking and conscien- tious, and this was of prime innM)rtance. The vouth of Peml)r<)ke got a good groundinir in the "three Hs," if they got no more. At that time the higher branches of leaiiiing were deemed retjuisite only for those intended for pi-ofessional life. Tt is true that in young Whites case there wfis taught a smattering of geometry, a study which gave him great l)ene- tit, as he ajjprehendeil intuitively the j)rinciples it (Mubodied, and he made exceedingly lapid 2>rogi'e.ss in this as well as in ail his studies. At twelve years of age the lad left school, ready to take part in the battle of life. For the pio- neeis, this was no light contest. He engaged at tii'.st as assistant in a store in the city of Ottawa, then called Bytown, and rapidly worked his way up, so that long before he was of age he had a position of considerable res{>onsibility. At twenty years of age he determined tf) go into business foi- himself in the j)nKluction and export of s(juare tindier, at that time the great industry of the Up])er Ottawa. He joined his brother, Mr. A. T. White, and under the tirm name of A. i^* P. White they entered upon a business which was destined to Ix-come both extensive and successful. Mi'. White began his jtublic career, as most of the successful public men of Ontaiio hav(» done, as a member of the municipal council in the place of his Inrth. He was elected reeve of the township of Pend)roke, in January, IS70, and of the town of Pend)roke in January, 1)*<71, holding the latter jxtsition for five years. As head of the nuniiiipality, and member of the county council, he prove[r. AVhit<' showed himself in favour of such enterpiise as was helpful to his native town, and, at the same time, ccmsistent with the jiublic weal. In the Dominion general elec- tion of \f^7'2, .Mr. White was nominated by the Liberal-Conservatives of North Renfrew as their <-andidate. Accepting the trust imjxtsed u]»>n him, Mr. White went into the contest with the earnestness and vigour which charac- teii/.e all his undertakings. Fate, for the time being, however, was against him, for his opj>on- ent. Ml-. J. Findlay, was elected. The over- throw of t->e Macdonald administration, and the accession of the late Hon. Mr. Mackenzie and his friends to power, brought on the gen- eral election of 1S74. Mr. White again became a candidate, and was elected l)y a good major- ity. Mr. White opened his parliamentary life in Opposition, an excellent field for one new to the arena of national politics. Early in his career he began to take a prominent part in public affairs, and it was evident it re(|uired only time for him to achieve distinction. Vicis- situdes at first, howe\er, followed him. He was not left in undisturlied possession of the seat he had gallantly won. His election wsis con- te.stwl ; he was unseated, aiul actually defeatefl in the contest that followed in Sei)teinber, 1S74. Nothing daunted, however, he and his friends ap])ealed, and tiie election being voided, the parties drew themselves up in battle array for the last conte.st. The jxjlling day was January 2"Jnd, 1S70. P>oth parti, -s fought hard, but the Conservatives, with AFr. White as their candi- date, carried the day by a majority of :.'10. Since tliat time AFr. White has been, one may say, i'. peaceful possession, for though his op- poiif nts have crossey the Con- servative leader, found a strong and able advo- cate in the nieinl)er for North Renfrew, whose acknowled<(eject havin<^ a purely coninier- cial liearing. When the Conservatives returned to power in 1H7S, Mr. White was jmt in train- in;; foi' a position of importance l)y havinji; <;iven him tlie chairmanshijt of the c(»nnnittee on aj^ri- culture and innni<.;ration. I'nder Mr. Wliite's direction, this committei> did much to pi-omoU' a knowledge of the resources of Canada, not only amonji Canadians, liut anionj; those classes in Kniiland and elsewhere in Kurope who mij,dit 1k^ possible innni<;iants. Tts investij^ations into the ravages of insect pests, and otliei" matters all'eiting agriculture, have In-en the means of saving thousands and, pei'haps, millions of dollars to the farmers of the Dominion, be- sides promoting improvements in methods whose adoption meant an immense tinancial and economic gain to the country. Tn the Hou.se, Mr. White contiinied to devote himself mainly to work affecting the general business of the country. Not only was \\i\ one of the ablest defenders (»f the National Policy, but he also largely assisted in the vast ma.ss of pri- vate bill legislation wliich, considciing the vai"- ied interests attected, was haidly less imjM»rtant than those directly aifecting the general pro gress and well-being of the country. An in- stance of the value to the country of a man of Mr. White's practical knowledge, was given in tile discussion of the hill respecting che<]ues, n(»tes, and bills of exchange in the sessions of 1 SSI) and lSi)0. Prominent among those u}x»n whom the Minister of Justice lelied fartment. From tills Idief sumniaiy of Mr. Wliites career, it will Ik? seen that he is exce])tionally well fitted for the Sjieakership, a position wiiicli re- (|uii'es tirst, a well founded reputation for iiidf jtendence and impartiality, and secondly, a long parliameiitaiy experience, or knowledge eipiiva- leiit to tl'at wliicii exjM'iience Itiings. To (|iiotc tiie words of uliy and opponent will, peiliaj)s, best coiiM'y a j)idper iiiipi-ession of the regard and esteem in wliicii Mr. Wliite is held. On the occasion of jnoposiiig Mi\ White for Speaker, the late IJight Hoji. Sir John A. Macdoiiald .said : " To those lion. int'inherH wiio liu\e sat in ))ievious " I'ai'liiiiiiL'nt.s I iil'imI not say oiii; .single word us to the '* merits of Mr. White, or as to his fitness to perform "the tluties of tliis office, tliis higli ami impoitant •' office, with due dignity, and not only with dignity "of manner Imt with im])artiality and ahility. Mr. '• White has l>ecn in I'ailiiinent for fourteen or fifteen "years, and from the time he first entered it he took "a very considerahle jiosition, even wiien a very " young man ; and we all know the assiduity and "aldlily with which he performed his j)art anil his "duties as a member of the House of Commons of "Canada. He was always in his place, always ready " for his work, enjoying and earning at a very early " perioil the respect ami esteem, and, I may say, tiie " friendship f>f his a.ssociates in I'ailiament, whether " sitting on the right or left of the Speaker: and he "vindicated tiie judgment of his constituents in " electing him as their representative, for we all know " how well he performed his duties as a member of " this House. I do not know on either side of the " House any hon. member v lo would prove, from his " demeanour, conduct and aliility, more acceptable, " without referenee to political (juestions, than my "friend the member for the Nortli Riding of Keu- " frew. Without further remark, I move the resolu- " tion, seconiled by Sir Hector Langeviu. " In accepting the propositi, Hon. Wilfiiil Laur- ier, leader of the Opposition, paiil Mr. White this graceful and well-deserved compliment : " I am disposed to agree with everything that has " been said by my right hon. friend in reference to the "hon. member for North Renfrew (Mr. White), the "nominee for the office of Speaker. . . . From "past experience of the hon. gentleman (Mr. White), " I am sure that he is endowed with a thorough know- " lerlge of the practice and business of this House, " and we know from experience that he ia also endowee altogether free " from fault. ... I am sure that when he ascendM " to the chair he will leave aside all parlj proclivities ''and all {xilitical )>rofessions, and that in the high " station to which he shall he called hv the unanimous " choice of the House he will stand u)>rigl)t and im- "partial, holding tiie scales evenly hetween contend- " ing parties without fear of any one, with favour to •' none, and with fair play to all.'" Mr. Wliitc is still ii rcsich'nt of his iiiitiM- Pi'iiilirokc, Jiiul CKiitiiiups one of its most eiiter- )trisiM^' .iiitl \aliHMl citi/ciis. TJic Imsiiitss in wliidi he first t'lijia^^cd lias ^^ladiially ^ivcii jilacc to an extensive trade in .sawn tiniix'r. Tin- mills of Ills own tirni air in Pfiiiluoke. lie is a mcnilMM' of tlie I'eniiiroke LinnlxM- Co., which has mills al.so at Pembroke. Mr. While was mairied in |)('ceml)ei'. 1S77. to Miss 'I'iionijison. of Nepean. HON. STl? CHAHLKS TCPPKi;, P.Ain.. (i.(\.M.(J., CMl.. D.C.L. ///'/// Ci)iiniiisnii>nrr for ('i>n<"/(i, Loii'/mi. h'li;/. rpHK HON. SIP. CHARLES TCPPKR. 1 15aI!T., (i.C.M.(i., etc., late Minister of Finance in the Dominion Government, and at l)res<'nt Hii^h Connnissioner for Canada in the Cnited Kingdom, was horn at Amherst. No\a Seotia, on Jidy "Jiid, iSi'l. The family is of Hesse-Cassel origin. After ha\inir settled for a time in (iueinsey, one <»f the Piiitisji channel islands, tlie forefatheis of the futui'e Canadian minister of finance, with the ohject of im]>i(»\- ini^ their condition, left for \'iri;inia. and sid>sc- i|Uently,at the termination of the American rexo- lutionary war. removed, with other I'nited Km- jiire loyalists, to Nova Scotia, where they settled. The family was also connected with that of tiie late Major-(iene'.al Sii- Isaac iSrock. the hero of Queenston Hei<,'hts. His fatlier was the late Kev. Charles Tapper. D.D., of Aylesford, N.S. The present Hii;h Connnissioner received a cla.ssical education at Acadia Collei,'e, Nova Scotia, and graduated from that institution w ith the de-,'rees of M.A. ami D.C. L. He suhse- quently went to p]dinl)urf,di, where he .studietl metlicine, and took thedei^ree of 3.I.I).. and also received the diploma of the Colle.i,'e of Surgeons of the Scottish capital, in 1S4.S. On his return lie liegan the ]»iactice of his |irofession, and soon succeeded in huildinvr uj» a luciative busi- ness. A man of Dr. Tujii>ei"s ambitious turn was likely, .s(M»ner oi- later, to take that road which leads so many men to hiyh public dis- tinction, and probably when he did so, few men in this country were ever so well e(|uipj)er. Tii|ipei-. on l)!'in;,' retuincd to rejuesent his native county in the Nova Sc<»tia le^dslatmc. i.t once attracted notice. As a speaker he was astute, ready, sarcastic, and often ovcrwhelm- iiiii. and foi- downright strenuth of style, no one could surpass him. in |S.")() lu' became |irovin- lial secri'tary in tlie Hon. .lames \\'. .lohii- stons administration ; in |S.~.S he went to Kny- land on a mission connected w.iw Intelcoh nial railway, and in ISCil he became ]>remier. on the retirement of the Hon. Mr. .lohnston to the bench. Jle moved the resolutions piovid- inu for a conferem-e in Prince I'Mwaid island to consider a scheme for a maritime union, but that project was afterwards nu'r^ed into the lari^er one, which aimed at a confedeiation of the whole of the Piitish Nortli An:erica ]>ro- vinces. In the confederation movement. Di. Tupper to<»k a leadini,' part, attemlinic the t^iie- Ih'c conferem-e. and afteivvards iroin^^ to i'lniLi- land when the (|Uestion was discussed bcfoie the members of the Imperial ( iovei nnu-nt. in 1S()7 he was created a C.l».. and in the y-.iuw y«'ar was invited to take a s<'at in the Privy Council of Canada. This he refused, remaining a ])rivate member of the House of Connnons till lf<7U, when he consented to become president of the council. In 1^72 he iM'came ministei' of iidand revenue, and in 1S7.'{ minister of cus- toms, which ollice lie was soonobliijed to surren- der, by rea.son of the defeat of the ministry. During the cam]>aiiLCM of 1S7S he was like a lion ill the tiyht, and his irreat battle-civ infused courai.'e into the hearts of thousant Is who wavered bet wet n the two parties. That year the I>iber als vveie defeat; d. and Di-. 'i'upjier became minister of jiublic works till that (h'jiartnn'Ut was divided, when he took the j>ortfolio of railways and canals. In ISJU he was created a kni>;lit, and in lS)<(i a (irand Cros.sof the Orch-r of St. Michael and St. (ieorije. His cfninection with the Canadian Pacific Kailvvay is in every- one s mind. To him. more. ]»eihaj)s, than t<» any other statesnrm in Canada, is due the suc- cess of that great enterjnise. In lSf>.'> he vviis ►•-^ t HON. SIR CHARLES TUPPER, Bart., G.C M.G.. C.B., D.C.L, HiQH Commissioner for Canada, London, ENa I 4 30 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 4 I iippciintod Hi;,'li ('inimiissioiicr of CaiiiKiu to tlu' Cmiit lit" St. .IjiiiM's in Lnndini, i('tiiiiiin<.' his jMtsition as iiiinist«'r i»t" railways and lanals. In tliis foniu'ctiiin, Sir .Idhn .Manlonaid passi-d an act r)>lit'vin<; tlic lit>n<)ural>lt' t;*'iitlriiian tVoui |H'naIti('s under tlu' Indejiendi-ncc of I'arlia UHMit Act ; but, after tlic close of the st'ssion of 1884, Sir Charh's resi;^ned his seat in the cabinet, and retained the Hi;,'h Connnissioner- ship. lie, however, soon entered active jwilitics a<;nin, and was retmned hy his old constituency, and appointed tinancc niiiiistei- on .laiaiaiv '11, 1887. Sii- C'hailes Tapper was appointed r-xecu live connnissionei" for Canada at the Interna- tional Kxhihition held at Anlweip in 188."), and executive conniiissioner at the Colonial and Industrial Exhibition held in London in I88(). At the dose of 188" he was appointed by the linpi-rial ( Joveinnient to act, in conjunction with the Hon. Joseph Chamberlain, in ne<;oti- atirm a tieaty with the i^ovennnent of the l'nit<'(l States of America in lelation to the Canadian fisheries, and the connnissioners brought their labours to a close durin,'ood fruit. Amonjj; the measures he ininnluced into the House of Commons at Ottawa, and saw pass into law, we may mention the act prohil)itinj^ the manufacture and sale of intoxicating litjuors in the North-West Terri- toiy, the Consolidation Railway Act of 1879, the act grantin- ))iiint*'d by Act of Parliament, in 18(52, governor of Dalhousie College, Halifax ; and was presi- dent of the Canada Medical Association from its formation in 18G7 until 1870, when he declined re-election. Just before the general election of 1887 he re-entered the Dominion Cabinet sis finance minister, and w;us instrumental in placing on the English market a Dominion loan of £4,000,000 at three per cent, interest, the fii'st colonial loan evei- issued at that rate. In 1888 he was re-appctinted High Commissioner for Canada in London, a position he at pre.sent holds. In the general election of 1891, Sir Charles took an active and helpful interest, the li-st service he was to render the government of his long-time friend and colleague, Sir John Macdonald. In October, 184G, he married Miss Frances Morse, of Amhei-st. Of this union it is hardly necessary to say that Sir Charles's second son is the present minister of marine and fisheries in Hon. .Mr. Abljott's gov- erinnent. HON. OLIVEIl .MOWAT, M.P.P., g.C, LL.I)., Tormitit, Out. rpHE HON.OLIVEH Mo\V.\T, Q.C., LL.D.. I Premier' and .Vttorney (ieiieral of the pro- vince of Ontario, is descended of a stock that has given Canada many of its foremost men in almost every publit- department in the land, namely, tlu- Scotch Canadian. His father, John Mowat. was from Canisbay, Caithness- shire, Scotland. He \Nas a soldier who had seen stein ser\ ice during the Pe linsvdar wars. His wife, Helen Levack, was also a native of Caithness-shire. He came to Canada in 181(>, jind settled in Kingston, where theii- son Oliver was bom, July 'I'l. 18l'0. His educa- ti<»n was as good as the schools of that city afi'orded at that era. At alM)Ut the age t»f seventeen he entered the law office of Mr. (the late Sir) John A. Macdonald, who, a young man but fivt' years his senior, had just been admitted to the bar, and had ix-gun to practise his profes.-'on. At tlw outset of his student life young Mowat joined a Scotch comjiany of volunteeis pi'ojected by the loyal Scotchmen of Kingston, and was siiortly afterwards apjirinted an ensign in the Frontenac militia. It may well be suj){)osed that the state of parties and afi'airs in Canada to which his attention was thus eaily and practically called nn'st have afi'orded him foro- fession which is moi'e closely related to jwili- tics than any other, in the office and undei' the direct influence of a man whose brilliant talents and jiersonal magnetism had for many years l)een the sti'ongest forces on the side of Consei'vatism in Canada, Oliver Mowat should have chosen that broad-minded, modeiate Liberalism, of whose i)rinciples he has ever since been so able an exponent, and so steadfast a promoter. He was called to the bar in 1841, and connnenced practice in Kingston, but s(Htn afterwards came to Toronto, wheic he has ever since resided. At a time when the line of demarcation Ijetween connnon law and equity was much more clearly drawn than at present, Mr. Mowat chose the latter branch. He rose quickly to eminence at the Cliancery bar. In I HON. KDLIVER MOWAT, M.P.P., Q.C., LL.D., Toronto, Out. 32 I'liOMlXKXT MEX OF C AX A DA. IH*)*') lit' WHS llliulc il (^llrcn's C'nUIl.s«'l, illiil ill llic siiiiif y»'iir was apiMiintcd hy the ;j<>v»'iiiiii»'iit of wliirli Koii. •luliii A. Mac-doniild vsasa iiiciiiIh->', iis cMiiimissioticr tuf idiisdlidatiii;^ the Statiitrs of Canada and of UpjMT Canada, ifs|M'i*tivcly, a |iiisiti<»n wliiili lie licld until ls.")7. In !S.")7iif was clci-tcd to |>arlianifnt as uH-ndn'i- t.ir Soiitli Oxford, and continufd to ri'infst'iit that c«)n- stitui'iicy until [•'"'(ll. rjMin tin- fall of the .Mai'tlonald Caitit r j,;o\finnu'iit, in 1^")S, lit- was sL'leeted, thouj^h h«' had Ix en but one y*'iii" in thf house, to till the oHifc of ju-ovineial sciTctaiy in llic Ih'iiw n-l)oi'iy Hon. John Sandticld Mar donald, in iSCrJ, a jtosition which he ictaincd until the defeat of that ^fovermnent in tlie fol- lowinit year. On the sul)se<|uent formation in the same year of the Coalition ( !o\ crnnient under Sir Ktienne Tacln'', in oi-der to cai'ry the Confedeiatifin of the Pi'ovinees, .Mr. Mowat was one of the three lientlenien who represented the L'pjier C-anada Liberal jiarty in the new ealtinet, the Hon. y the Lieut- (io\crnor, actinj^ no doubt on the aih ice of the retirinj; premier, to f(»rin an aihniiiistration. His descent fi-om the bench and re entrance into political life j;ave occasion for a ^iM»d deal of discussion at the time, on the part of those who thouirht, oi* affected to think, that the ]>uiity of the judicial ermine must be in some way con- taminated by the chanj^e. The answer, if any is needed, to those who think that the jiosition of head of the provincial government is one retjuirinfj either mental or moral ([ualiticatitms of a lower older than tlios«' of even the chancel- lors l)ench, is to be f(»und in the record of twenty years of able, upright, and j)rogre.s.sive government of the affairs of Ontario. Tliose must be wilfully purldind who cannot now see that the judicial temiK'ranient and habit, with all of mental training and ca)»acity, and of moral integrity they imply, furnish the very })est «jf (|ualiticatit)ns for the resjKHisible and honourable position of virtual ruler <»f a great province. Sound discretion, marked ability, and sterling integrity have characterised Hon. Mr. Mowat's career in each division of his pro- fessional and otHcial life. As a lawyer, his talents (juickly gained recognition, and, re- inforced by his clear judgment and scrupulous conscientiousnesM, mmiii won for him a liigli place in the contidence of the profession and of the court in which he practised. Though not tlueiit, he was energetic, forcible, and convinc- ing as a pleadei'. His patience was admirable, his industry untiring, his fertility in resources )frertt. He wjim said to Ix- en«lut in cha'ge of a resj)onsil»le minister ; the pi-ogressive legislation in connec- tion with higher education and the I'nixcrsitv of Toronto ; the intriKluction of the ballot in ]Hilitical and municipal eleitioiis ; the lilH-ralis ing of the franchise up to the verge of manhoo<| suHVage : all these, and many otl>.er legislativf reforms wrouglit under this riyiiin', w ill be last- ing monuments of his -tatesmanship. Mr. Mowat's legislation, though uniformly Lilteral and progressive, has never been sensational. His opponents have sometimes charged him with timidity. That wise caution that refuses to ino\(' blindly under irresjionsibh? pressure, that waits to look on all sides of a(|uestion, and goes forward only when the way is made clear, is certainly his. But that cowardly fear of censure which shrinks and hesitates on the brink of wh.at is seen to be right and just, for fear of consetjuences, cannot be laid to his charge. Xo really urgent legislation in the intei'ests of Lil)eralism and progress has Ih'*-!! unduly delayed though his fault. The manner in which he has met -tind vancjuished, not only in the local political aiena, but in the highest cfmrt of the realm, the late Sir John A. Mac- donald. with all the jxiwer and prestige of his own high reputation and the Dominion premier- ship at his back, sufficiently attests his courage t 4 rHOMlNEXr MEX OF CAS' A DA. MS I in diiini.' wliiit lu> (l»'«'iiis tlir iij;lil. TIh- viridi tiitiiiii ut' jtiKV iinial ii;;lits in the iiiatt»'is ot' tlic IxtiiiMiurv. tlu' Hv»Ts tiiiW strt'iims l>ills. uihI tin- litciisf iim-stiun, arc s|M(nent Most etfeitively : keepin;,' liiinselt' tlioidu;;ldy intoinied on all iin|iortant <|iieNtions ; exliiliit in;; on all occasions a sound j'ld^iinent, coin l)ined witli a ready wit, lie inspii-es liis col le;ii,'ues and t'oilowers with coiitidence, and L'enerallv holds jit hav or discointits his most eap-r assailants. In some of these resjiects, liotahlv in the extent and fulness of his know led^^e of the suhjects und<'r dehate. and in the .Hoiiii(hies.s and acumen of his o|iinion on juridi- cal and jurisdictional (|uestions. his r»'cord com- pares ino>t fa\oural)ly with that of his m'cat anta;;onist. the late veteran leader of the l)oin- inion ;;o\ernment. To say that he may some- times have made mistakes in judiiinent iuid |>olicy, and that he has not unifoiinly steered clear of the dain;erous leefs which alMiund in tlu' streams of patroiiii;;''. i'* ''Ut t" a human and consei|nently fallilile. lion. Mr. Mowat has always taken a deep interest in social and religious ipiestions. He is a memljei- of tlie Pr.-sliyt 'rian church, and was for many years prc-iident of the Kvan^ielical Alliance. Like most men who have wrought earnestly anil conscientiously for the puMic !,'oim1 in any spluMc, his philanthropy and inte;,'rity are, no doul)t. deep hased ujion the tii'Ui foundation of religious princijde. Tt has heen sneerin^ily insinuated that he has claimed for himself the hiich honour of l);'iiiii 'i ■Christian politician ; " hut it is unnecessary to say that the ehar^ie is without foundation. It seems to have orij^in- ated in a p "I'version of a hy|iothetical allusion in one of his early addresses to wliat niii,dit Im- consider. 'd the duty of a Christian politician, in some .specitied case. To arro^jate to himself the distinctive title was farthest from his thou^iht. and the loast would Im- as repUi,'nant to his f^ood sense and taste as to the modesty foi- which he is distiuituished. The lionouiahle ^fentleman sits in the Ontario legislature for North O.xford, a constituency lu has continu ously represented since he hecame Premier anil Attoiiiey-(ieneral of the jiiovince. Kveii Mr. Mow.it s opj>nnents in the Cliamher admit that his administration, for the loni; period now of twenty years, has lieen al»le. economical ami patritttic. As an uncomj)iomisiii;; Lil>eral, his political \ iews are iiriMui. comprelieiisi\e and statesman like. In private life, he is uni\«'r sully and destTvedly est»'«'med. (On the -Jlth of .May. 1S<.»2. Her Majesty the (^iieen conferred the honour of knii^hthiMMl on Hon. Mr. .Mowat, and henceforth his title will he Sir Oliver Mowat, K.C.M.(J.l AI.KXANDKK II. LKITM, AtiriiMtir, Out. 4 LKXANDKH HKNKY LKITII. iJairister ^\ and Solicitor, was iMtrn at llowland House. Selkirkshire, Scotland. .March Ttli, \^'yl. On hoth the paternal and the maternal side he is of ;i«K>d family. His father, (ieor;;e Cordon I'lrown Leitli, seeiiiid son ol" the late Major [ (Jetieral Sir Ceiujie I^'itli, Hart., of the Hritish army, was liorn at .\rina<,'h. in I^IJ. Sii-(!eori.'e heiiiix assistant .\djutant (Jeneral of the Ihitish forces in Ireland at the time. He (the father j of the jiresent Mr. Leitli) first came to Canada in IS.iCt and settled in the township of jliii hrk, Went worth county, huriii;; the stirrin;,' times of the .Mackenzie relndlion he served as a captain of the (Joie militia under Sir Allan McNali. and in lS[i>, on the death of Sir (ieorye, he returned to Scotland. Sul)se(|uentlv he mai'iied Kleanor, dau;;hter of the late .lolni Feiiier. a Writer to the Sij,'net in Kdinhurifh. and niece of the celehrated .lolin Wilson, pro fes.sor of UKMlern jiliilosophy in the Kdinhuij^li Cniversity, author of ■• Noctes Amlirosianie," and In'st known as the •• Christojiher North" of *' Blackwood's .Magazine." In IS.") J. Mr. Leith returned to Canada, and settled finallv It The Heiinita^^e, in Ancaster township, which he iiad purchased some time l)efore. and which is still the family homestead. As a voutli. Alexander H. obtained his education at the late Rev. .1. (». I>. Mackenzie's ]»rivate •;ram- inar scIhmiI, in Hamilton, after leaving which, in 1S()."), he proceeded to Halifax to join the Koyal Navy. He |Mis,sed out of the trairtiner, iSTKi, and afterwards served suc- cessively in H. M. S's •• Koyal Alfred, " "Sipiir- rel," "Sea Lirk." " Koyal Adelaide," and " Nor- thumlw'iland." In March, |S7I, he retired, at his own ie((uest, as suh lieutenant, and retu.ned home. Soon after he enteied on the studv of the law in the ottice of Cameron A' Apjilelie, Toronto, and after having; pas.sed the usual ex- aminations he was called to the h.irand formed a partnershiji with. I. N. Klake. under the name of niake iV' Leitli. A yeai" later he removed to Uownuiiiville and went into partnership with K. K. LoscoiiiIm*, the firm name heinj; LhiscoihIh' aiul Leith. There he remained two vears and a-half, when he was apjHiiutd by the Dominion r -♦(H GEORGE GORDON BROWN LEITH, Ancaster, Ont. - i- ALEXANDER H. LEITH, Ancaster, Ont. 3(; I' ROM IX EST J/AiV OF VAX A DA. (Hivfiiiiiifiit cuitiiinHHiiiiitM' •iii;il Kxliil>ilii)ii>. On hjs D'tiirii to CiiiitMlu, li«> i'fNi«i»Ml in 'r<)i'iint*i t'oi- H('\fiJil vfiii'H. mill on tin- ilfiitli t>i liis t'alliiT nn .liiiiiimy -nil, \xx'i, lir tiH.k ii|> liis |>«'i iiimu-nt ulMMlfut '•rill- Ht'iniituyi'. ' \vli»'iv In- livi's. Mr. Int«'sts. in ii-li^'ion In- is a I'roti-stant. Iia\ in;u' Inmmi Inuii anil lnoii^lit up in tli<> Climrii • >t' Knuiand. On .Inly f.tii. ISS-J. In- man ii-il Maiy Kli/aliftli, daii;,'liti'r ot' Hi-nry \V. Kddis. of Alliniv IjMlyi', itosiMlalf. Toronto, liy wlioni 111' lias isslli' two d.lUl'lltrls. JAMES T. MTT>T)T.ET()\. Iliiiiiiltint, On I. I A M KS TA VF.< >l{ M IDhLKTON, fm a lonu •' linu'past |iioiniiiriitly assoiiati'd in laisi- iM'ss urtiiirs of thi- t-ity <>f Hainilton. was liorn at Alloa, Si'otland. Nom-iiiIht l'S, |S4(». Mis paii'iits wcir Aitliiir and .lani-t (Stuart Tayloi ) Miildli'ton. H»' is one of a family of fouiH-liild n-n. of wlioin liimsi-lf and a sistiT sursisi'. ArtliiM' Middlrton simm-iI ids time as a iliapiT in Uivi'liiri. and aftt-rwards worked for some years in AU'cdeen. He was sulise(|uently in tlie eni|iloy of the Caledonia iiailwav Coiiipanv in Kdiiiliur^li, and in IS.'il |it> c-ame with his family to Canada, Hist settlinj; in Stamford township, where they leinained some years. riieiue he removed to Smitli\ilie. a \illajie in t!ie township of South (iiiinsliy. At latei- periiMis he emried on "general store liusiness in the \illaition of liis education. While in Stam ford, he worked on the farm of his uncle, the late (5. \\ . Tayloi-. a leadiiii^ jtulilic man who, in his time, had filled the ottices of reeve of Stamford, warden of W'elland and mayor of Clifton (now Niajjani Falls). In iSHd he went derkinji; in a ^'eneral store in Smithville. w here he remained three years. He next sjtent some time in a Montreal drv ^oikIs house, after which he clerked for the lirm of .\sa .V .losejih hiirkee, in < )| tei\ ille, < )\foid i ouiity. I«ea\iiii; Otterville, his next nioM' was toenter into part- nership in a general ili\ i;<«m|s st.»r«' at Smith- sille with .loscpli hlllkee his old elnployil-. AftiT a varied ex|K'rienee here -fanninj,' as well as keepiiii,' store ilurin>i which he liou!.'lit out iMiikee and started on his own account, he removed to liamilton to take the |Hisition of wholesale travellei' for the old marlile tirm ot .M. K, Kice .t Co. In l.'^Tf. he joi I .Mr. .Mc.\itliur in puichasiii;^ the liusiness of Hice tV Co., which, for a further |HMiod of six yiais, was conducted under the tirm name and title of .Mc.\rthur A- .Middleton. .Mcaiiw liil<' I lie tiiiii also carried on a wholesale hat. cap and fur liusiness uiidei- the same name. In l^'^^'^'J a dissolution took ])lacc. Mr. .Middleton retaiiiiii^' the mai'lile trade, and .Mr. McVrtliur takin;; the other Itraiich of the liusiness. Cnder his careful manap-ment, .Mr. Middlctons trade expanded wonderfully until at the present time he is the lar^jest marlile and jiianite dealer, as well as the he;>viest importer, in the hominion. The materials principally handled are Scotch and New IJrunswick j;raiiite. and Italian and American marlile, all foi' (•eiiietery and Iniildiii!,' purjMises. The liusiness i-xtends all over the eountry, from (^ueln-f on the east to Vancouver on the west. With lo1, and thoutjh not elected, the fact that he reduced the former Conservative majority of 1 Tfi to a liare 1, is a tribute to his standin<; ainony the electorate. In iSCt") he marrielivia, daujiliter of the late William Eastman, a prominent fanner in (iainsboro township, anil j^rar.d-dauyhter of the late Rev. Daniel Ward hlfi: 4 f t 'fi«S« JAMES T. MIDDLETON, HAMILTON, Out. «-•■•- 4 ^H PROMINENT AfEN OF CANADA. Hastiuun, one of the earliest Pi-eshyteriau preach- ers ill Ontario, wlio came to (-anada from New Jersey in 1801, and preached as a niissionaiy ail alonjif between the Nia^'ara river and London. Mrs. Middletons niotlier is Ji si.ster of T. C Keefer, of Ottawa, one of the most notahle of Canadian enijineers. \n private life, Mr. Mid- dletcm is hi<;hly esteemed, and he has many warm friends. A' ALLAN GTLMOUR, Sr., Otftnni, Ont. LL.W (ULMOUH, Sh., was Im.ih on the iv 'I'Md of August, I8ll), in the parish of Shotts, Ljinarkshire, Scotland. His father was u fanner, and the faini.y consisted of five children, Allan l)eing an only son. f)f the sisters one is dead, and the others still live near the place where they were born. The father died at the ripe age of ninety -three, and the mother in her sixty-fifth year. Allan re- ceived a common country school education, tak- ing one year at (Glasgow, with which to coii- clutle his course. Allan Gilniour had an uncle named Allan (Jilmour, afier whom our subject was iiameil, and it is meet that we should have something to .say a'H)Ut his career. This uncle was brought up to the trade of a house carpen- ter, but the occupation did not fit itself to his taste oi' his ambition, and he formed a partner- sliip with two youns.' men of his neigh liourhood, John and Arthur PoUok, by name. These possessed some capital, and together they com- menced business as lumber merchants, in (ilas- gow, under the firm name of Pollok, (Jilmour it Co. They .soon added to their lumber opera- tiims the ship])ing business ctmnected with that tiade, estal)lishing branches of their house in '^^uebec, Montreal, Miramichi and other points. They built many ships at Quebec, and gradu- ally added to their fleet till they became one of the largest sailing-ship owners in the world. The Miramichi business wjis commenced alxiut lS:iO, under the ccmjoint management of James Gilmour (an uncle also of our subject, and a brother to Mr. Gilmour of the Glasgow house), and Alexander Rankin, the firm being known as Gilmour, Rankin i<: Co. Both of these gen- tlemen have lieen long since dead. The Quel)ec Ijusiness was commenced in 1828, and was known as that of Allan Gilmour it Co., under the management of Allan Gilmour, nephew of Mr. Gilmtmr of the Glasgt)w firm, and cousin of the subject of this sketch. In 1830, the manager was i ined by his two brothers, John and David, as istants ; and these two gentle- men afterwards, in 1840, became partners in the business when tlieir elder brother, A'lan, left to take the place of his and our subject's uncle in the Glasgow firm. This uncle retired in order to l)ecoiiie a landed proprietor in Ren- frewshire. He died not long afterwards, leav- ing his estate of Kaglesham to a nephew of the same name, he having elected, like the subject of this sketch, to live a bachelor's life. The Montreal firm, we may say, was established at the .sjime time as that of Quel)ec, under the management of Wm. Ritchie, a nephew of Mr. Gilmour of the (Jla.sgow firm. This house was known iis Wm. Ritchie it Co., and it carried on for many years a wholesale dry goods and grocery business, besides supplying jmrties en- gage i y £iii fiijiii I'ROMIXENT MEN OF CANADA. 39 prairies of the wpsttrii StJites uiid our Cantuiiiiii lakes tiiid marshes tnr the sjH>rl that they afford. Mr. (Jihiiour has also l>een for many years a iiieinl)erof the widely-known Lonjj Point Sh^h hale and active, he is not so devoted now as in other years t<» . He describes them as .sonunvh.at resembling the St. Ljiwience rapids at Lsichine and Long Sault. The old tombs, temples aTid pyramids, most of which he visited, he found the most interesting of all the remains of an ancient civilizfition that he had ever leen very much broad church, thinking well <»f all denominations and creeds who exei- cise an iiiHuence for good over the lives of theii' memWrship. Mr. Gilmour hits always iH-en a lover of everythii g l>eautiful and grand in nature, and to this fact we trace his admira- tion for art. For yeai-s he has purchased pic- tures tliat attracted liis taste, and h«' now has in his n^sidence, overlooking the Ottawa liver, at the Capital, one of the l)est j)rivate collec- tions of pictoiial art in Canada. Many of the pictures are the prtnlucts of Mv.st-class aitists; and all classes of subjects ;. re represented, from the bare, majestic walls of Scandanavian fjords, with chill, dear water rippling at their feet, to the .soft, sensuous blue of Ttalian skies. Oui- own scenery, that alteinates so swiftly fioni gorgeousness to gloom, is not neglected either ; and there is hardly a picture in the collection that will not delight whomsoever has the true instinct and the gift to appreciate. In his handsome residence, so Ix^autiful witii art, Mr. (iilniour s{>ends his UKtst enjoyable liours, de- voting himself to rejuling and the recreations of a cultured retirement. Those who have tlic pleasui'e <)f enjoying the personal friendship of the subject <»f this sketch could not say enough to you of the generosity of his heart, and of his fine and maidy charactei'. D. H. MAC DO WALL, M.P., Princp Afherf, X W.T. DAY HORT MACDOWALL, M.P. f..r Sas- katchewan, N. W. T., is of the well-known family of MacDowall of Carthland, whose seat is in Renfrewshire, Scotland. The family has one of the most ancient land charters in the lH)rder counties, and its recoid lM)th in the field of arms and in the halls of legislation is a most honourable one. The present holderof the family estates is Henry MacDowall, eldest brother of the subject of this sketch. Day-Hort Mac- Dowall is the second son of the late Henry MacDowall, of (Jarthland, and was Intrn in Corruth, parish - which ort'eied favour- ahle fields for in vestment. In the North-West Tenitories he found a countrv of sui-h splendid eaj>al)ilities and manifest future fjreatness, tiiat he decided ts maki some investments in the hope of ;;enei<»us returns. At that time the constiuction of the Canadian Pacific railway had hardly lx'ctol)ei-, 1S,><.^, representinossessed, and imolvinjr no little danjjer, as one can well understand who considei-s the excitement which prevailed amoni; the Indians as well asamonj; the Metis. After Duck Liike, when a party was despatched l)y the general from Humboldt to Prince All)ert (which for three weeks had been in a state of siejje), Mr. MacDowall with the late Lieutenant- Colonel Bedscm, was given command. He and the colonel weie the Hr«t to enter the town with the joyful ne.vs that the uprisinj^ had been sulnlued, and that the C()mj)lete restoration of ])eace was but a (juestion of time. When the North-We.st was <,'i%eii representation in the Dominion Parliament, beginninff with the j^eneial electiim of 1SS7, Mr. MacDowall was chosen as the ministerial candidate, his oppon- ent beinji Hon. David Ljiird, ex-Lieutenant- (Jovernor of the North-West. The contest was a waim one, but Mr. MacDowalls friends had the .satisfacti(»n c»f seeing their candidate elected by a niajoi'ity (»f '20;") votes. In the general I election of IS'.M. .Mr. .MacDowall was opjioscd by Mr. Hugh .). Montgomery, son of Senator Montgoniery. whom he defeated l>y 'l^'i \<>tes. ^ In |Militics. .Mr. MacDowall seeks mainly three things, the de\elopm»-iit of the countiy in I everything that goes to make up miwlern pro- gi'e.s.s, the jiromotion of a sentiment of nation ality among the ])eo]>le of the Dominion, and I'loser union, as the years go on. between Canada and the mother country. He belie\es that he finds a greater devotion to these three I objects in the Consei'vative party than among j their o]i|M>nents, and he ha.s. therefore, identi tied himself with the Conser\ati\es. In his speeches in the lloiise ; which have been com- , |>ai'atively few), he has always maintained this ! attitude. ( *n the platform he has always de- - j»recated apj)eals to local interest and lromotion of the connnon weal than the advancement of any j)articular section orclass. In the matter of assisting the dexelop- ment of the countrv. he has done good sei'\ ice as a meml)er of Parliament in promoting measures of \aiious kinds relating to l)usiness corporations. In 1SS4. Mr. MacDowall mai- ried .Mice Maude, daughtei- of Chailes l!lan- chard, Kscp, of Ti'uro, N.S. In religion. .Mr, MacDowall is identified witii the Cluirch of Kngland. W. F. WALK HI?. (,).C.. Iliuiiiltini. lint. j ll^LLlAM FHKDKI'JCK WALKl-:i!..M..\.. I VV LL.P>., Q.C.. of the well-known legal firm of Walker. Scott iV' Lees, is one of the leading memluMs of his profession in the city of Hamil- \ ton. where he has resided during the ]>ast I twenty-foui- years. He was burn in the town j ship of ('linton. Lincoln (Munty. ( )nt., Deceni- j ber l-'Sth. IS-to. his parents being .bihn S. and I Margaret ( Durham) Walkei'. i):>tli nativesofthe I same ]>art of the country. < )n the |)aternal side he is descended fiom good old I'. K. Loyaiist I stock. As eaily as the middle of the last cen- \ tury his ancestois resi led in Virginia, and at \ the breaking out of the revolutionary wai- they came to C^mada. chousnig a home in the w ilder- ness rather than take up arms against the king. The Walkers were among the earliest white set- i tiers in the old Niagara district, and it is a notable fact that the land originally taken up by them is still occu})ied by a member of the family, Mr. Walkers brother .lames, having been handed down from one generation to ano- ther for over a century. The subject of oui- sketch recei\eiiitt'. thf sciiini- paitntT <>t' tlif tinn In'inj; the jtivsent .Mr. Justice liurton. CiiMtinninir with concurrent courses at OstftKKh Hall and the rni\er^ity. he received tlie de^ficc of M.A. in iSClt, and "that of LL.I5. and only medallist in |S71. In |S7I he was called to the liar, anil innnediately afteiwards was admitted to |iaitnershij> in the tirni of I'.urton A' IJruce. the title of which was chaiiijed to ISurton, IJruce iV Walker. This connection lie maintained throujih \arious chantfes until the heiiinninj; of |SS;{, when the ]>aitneishi|> N\as dissolved, and he estahlished the tirni of Walker, Scott iVr Lees, which now ranks as om- of the most successful in tlie city. It has a lar^' and lucratise pnic lice, including the lej;al business of the Hank of Hamilton, the Hamilton Cotton .Mills Co., the Victcaia Mutual Kire Insurance Co., and of many of the city wholesah- houses. Mr. Walker was de|iuty judvce of the county of Wentworth in \X~A and'V">. hut resiitned the position, owiii;; to the increa.sed duties which it entailed u])on him. He was made a (^.C. l»y Sir .John Mac donald in ISS<(. In 1SS[ he was apixiinted hy the senate of Toro?ito university, e.xaminei- in law at that institution, and performed the duties of tha.t otHce so satisfactorilv that he wiis rc- ai>|M»inted for the three succeedinf Commons, his brilliant abilities and his high character were at. once acknowledgen 1h-iu1i«'s, uikI X\w Hon. Alt*x iindcr Miukcri/.i*' liiid Im'»mi tailed ujMin to tonii jui iiii, Mr. I^iiirier was invited liy tlie new |ireuiier tn enter his caWinet. He was .swftrn in as a nienilM-r arty in the House of Coininons, Hon. Mr. Liiurier was unanimously chosen as his successor. Since then lie has continued to leafl the party with rare tact and conspicusms ability. He has a keen sense of honour, and his political and private life is alxive reproach. He is calm and reasonable in the House, and invariably receives respect and attention when he rises, and has always, on such occasions, something to say. He speaks with a \ ery pure French accent, and in English he is also an ehnjuent and effective speaker. His gifts as an orator are great, and he is personally held in high esteem by l)oth sides of the house. A close student of history, Mr. Laurier, symjiathizes with every movement intended to extend the lilierties of the people. His outspoken radicalism has aroused keen <)p[K>sition to him in his own Province, where the people are apt to take alarm at any move- ment which seems to them inimical to existing institutions. But, while the Liljeral leader has never allowed this opposition to sway him in the direction of concealing his views, still more is his strength of charactei" and his tixedness of purpose shown in the fact that he has refused to follow the example of some of the greatest Queliec Liberals in times past by denouncing the institution.s, the love of which causes many jieople to regard him as an enemy. Sii- George E. Cartier used to declare himself "an English- man s|>eaking French." Mr. Liiurier has always detined his jMisition as that of an English Liberal desirous of improving the condition of the j)eoj)le by steady advancement, rather than by revolution. He is an admirer of Cobden, (tladstone, and all the host of great English Liberal statesmen, and approves their methods, rather than those of the more brilliant, but less practical French schiMil. He has declared his lielief that the true destiny of Canada is to grow int«» inde})endence, just as the boy grows to manhiKKl, leaving at length the care of the mother country and taking a phice among the nations of the world. Hon. Mr. Laurier now lives in .\rtliabaskaville. Que., where he prac- tises his profession. He is a director of the Royal Mutual Life Insurance Company. In religion, he is a Homan Catholic. He was married on May 1:5, lf<(i)><, to Miss I.rfifontaiiie. OHONHYATEKHA, M.I)., Turnnto, Out. /iUONHYATEKHA, M.I)., Supreme Chief V' Banger of the Independent Order of For- esters, was Ikjiii at the Indian reservation, near Brantford, Ontario, on the 10th Augu.st, 1811. His English education was liegun in the Indu.s- tiial School neai" Brantford, established f /^uSr> Supreme Chief Ranger, Toronto, Ont. '13 \'m IS . ■' T P ■ . id; 'n. ''I nv J I, I ^-nt , I ill si llilii li !ii: I 46 PROMI?fENT MEN OF CANADA. Association. On loavitig Fniiikt'onl for Htmt- ford, liis friends evinc«nl their esteem hy presenting' him with iin adchvss and a ^old wateh. He lemoved to I^tndon in 1S7">, whe?'e he l)uilt up an extensive meve all things u family man. To his home near Deseronto, where he has an extensive farm, he repairs as often as his resjMHisihle duties will permit. His wife was Ellen Hill, of the Mohawk tril)e, a great grand-ronto divine, destroys the desii-e and ca|>acity t«> smile. But those who know ( )ronhyatekha. have s«H'n his genial smile, and heai'd his hearty laughter, must Im' convinced that keeping so many profound secrets has not (U'stroyed his peace or frozen his gt-niality. He is now the .Most \Vorshi|>ful r. Oronhyatekha for Independent Fonstiy need not l>e letailed here. To do so would l)e to write the history of the Order, and that is not the purpose of this sketch. That from the in- ception of the Order up to the present he has been not only its friend but also its most suc- cessful promotei', ablest administratoi', and most valiant defendei-, are facts patent t^) every mem- ber of the < )rder. As a public man dealing with many men, he has not wholly escaju'd the penalty that almost every one is calletl upon to pay who attains to eminence, and who in the discharge of the duties imposed by the trust of otKce nmst inevitably wound the vanity of some, disapjH>int the ambition of others, and check- mate the unworthy designs of a few. A wise j>olicy of conciliiition and forl)earance has en- abled him to escape with less of caiping criticism and peisonai aliuse than usually fall to the lot of men called upon to deal with men of divei'se views and intei-ests. Few men have been as foitunate in tlieir ci>lieagues as he. Men of ability and standing, tiiey enhance the conli- dence with which the public regard the Inde- pendent Order of Foresters, and the doctor may l)e pardoned the boast that they are not only his trusted co-workers, but also his esteemed personal friends. As a character study, the subject of this sketch presents moi-e than ordi- nary attractions. t)f another race, without the jidventitious aids of birth or fortune, he has pushwl his way by dint of merit jind ability to the front, and stands to-day, by connnon con- sent, the tirst in fraternal societies in America. The elements that have contributed to this suc- cess are not far to seek. The brief sketch given shows how many-sided is his character, and how versatile his gifts. He has studied took.s, but he has studietl men more, and has kept abieast of the times, and in touch with the spirit of the age. He wields the pen of a reiuly writer, and in con- troversy more than holds his own. In debate, he is clear and foi'cible, anf liiiii iis follows : "Culm, foiirt»'ous, iiii|>frtiirli.il)li', flcur uiul «i»'i'isiv«', In- is u iiiust«'r in ilfhute. His w«*u)H»n is «is snwMith uiid (l«*«-isiv«' us u |)uiiiuscus sciinitnr : his kXvx- t«'rity in wicNIiii;; it, and hi.' <|uir»'si(linj( ottit-er, he IS u(lniirul)le, niuintuininj; unurent etl'ort, keej»injiy ids tuet und intiniute knowledije of the liiw und rules of deluite. Kndfiw*^) with u •jreut cujjueity foi- work, he is not only aide to ueeonii>lisli u ;;reut deul himself hut as u wise udndnistrut^u- of men us well us uHuiis, he di- rects, so us to secure the In'st icsults, the ener ;;iesof those ussociuted with lum. t'onciliutoiy to u dej,nee, he would rather win than ciush un oj>|M»iient, und with u wise forlxurance lit; never tiiinks it l>eneuth his di^^nity to remove, as fur us j)ossible, grievunces i-eui oi- imuf^inury. 1U(JHT HON. STR JOHN MAC DON ALU K.C..M.(i., Oltami, Out. ALKXANDKH D.C.L., LL.1). F)I(;HT HON. SIH JOHN ALKXANDER I MACDONALI), K.C.M.(;., D.C.L., LL.IX, second .son «f Hu<;h Mucdonuld, orij^inully of DorniM-h, .Sutherlundshire, Scotlund, und Helen Shaw, was lx>rn at (illu.s<;ow, Junuury llt.'i, IHl-"), and died ut Eurnsditie, Ottuwu, June Gth, IS'JI. Ff»r some j.;enerutions j)rior to the time of his j^rundfuther, his puternal ances- tors hud l)een smuU furmers in the parish of Dornoch, hut they claimed descent from the chiefs of the clan Mucdonuld, known in Scot- tish hi.story us Lord of the Isles. Sir John's grundfather was enalded, hy means of a sum of money l)e emigrate to Caniida. The family landed at Quebec in the sununer of 1820 and pnK-ei'det! direct to Kingston, then the largest and l»est fortified town in l'pi»er Canada. Here Mr. Mucdonuhl o|M'nef thi." time he remove*! t- ject of this sketch, wiis left in Kingston, how- ever, to receive his schiMiling. He \sus then nine year-i of age, und was a bright lud, of giMMl fuculties and excellent dispisition. He was placed in uttendunce ut the Hoyul (iruni- mar School, then untU-r tlw manugement of Dr. Wilson, a fellow of Oxford University, and hen- lie received careful training in the various branches of instruction then regunled us the necessury foundution for the {)rofes.sional career whiih his father hud destined him to pursue. After six yeurs of tuition in this sclnKil, he was articleeginning of his professionul cu- leer. He wus not long in ucipiiring a lucra- tive business, unil he rupidly earned a name a« a shrewd and skilfid lawyer. The politics of the country were at this time in a veiy un- settled condition. The i-eU'llion under Wni. Lyon Mucken/ie had just In-en suppressed, and the .seditious movement in Canada had l)een smothered. But there were continual threats of armed invasion from acro.ss the United States' iKtrder. A secret organization of the Fenian type with a very large memljei-ship had es- tablished what were termed Hunters' L< dges along the dividing line. The object of this organizcition was the destruction of British institutions in Canada, and the establishment of a republican form of government. At its lodges the members met for drill, and from here it was that incursions were made into Canadian territory. The organization was com- jx)sed of a disoi-ganizeut lately In'en incorjMirated as a city. In the year following he entered the Canadian Legis- lative Assembly, having l)een elected for King- ston in the Tory intei-est. It has l»een said that }M»liticians, like jMiets, are l>orn not made, and certainly a consideration of the career of 8ir •John Macdonald would lend weight to the ajMitliegm. The day he entered Parliament he found his projier sphere. His success was rapid. During the first two years, indeed, he did not hring himself conspicuously U'fore the House, hut he did not |)erinit them to forget that there was a representjitive for Kingstctn, and <»ne, t«H), who kept a close and interests! watch on all that t<^Mik place. When he rose to speak he commanded an attention and respect that showetl the value the House put upf)n his opin- ions. His Tory leanings were marked, but then, as afterward.;^, he did not permit them to stand in the way of personal or party succrss. In 1847 he accepted the Receiver-CJeneralship in the Cabinet of Hon. W. H. Draper, ind shortly afterwards was removed to the much more im- portant post of Chief of the Ci*own Lands De- I)artment. The general elections, which took place at the close of this year, gave a Reform majority, anil when the Asseml^ly met in Feb- ruary, 1H48, the Baldwin-Lafontaine ministry was formed. In tho session of 1849 the (Govern- ment introduced a measure entitled the '' Re- l)ellion Losses Bill," to indemnify those habi- tants of Lower Canada who had been sufferers by the reliellion of 1837, and who ha/1 not Ijeen provided for in Mr. Draper's bill of 1846. This measure was strongly opposed Yy Mr. Macdon- ald anp(Htsition, and met with ti«'i««' disfavor at the hands of the Piotest- ant |Hipulation throughout the country. The strongest influence was brought to liear on the (lovernor arty, headed by Mr. Brown. An adverse vote in the session of 1854 was the signal for a «lissolution, and when the Hfiuse re-a.ssembled, the Government was defeated by the combined stiengtii of the Conservatives and Clear (liits. Sir Allan MacNab succeeded in forming a cttalition Cabi- net, and in this ministry Mi-. John A. Macdonald accepted the }M>st of Attorney (leneral West. From this time till his dentli, John A. Macdon- ald was the real leader of the Conservative party in Caimda, and the history of his jxilitical career and the history of the country are so intimately connect^Ml that one cannot Ik- told propeily with- out the other. During that long periiMl of rule there v*as no time when he wjus not ttie domin ating spirit of his party the absolute dictator of the policy it pursued. Not a great while after the formation of the MacNab-Morin ministry, a movement was set on foot within the Conser- vative party for the removal of Sir Allan. The Premier had Ijecome a drag instead of an assist- ance t*nniil uiiiiiiiiM towurii.s liis cliirt' licutt-iiunt <-<>iil(| without t«Ttitl. At lfii){tli, in tlM> Mi'Nxiuii of inrHi, iift«'i- till- ( io\finmt'iit liiul Mii^*tuiin'(I (o |ii-t>ssun>, mil r«*si;(ii«'tlii|i, \\lii(i', liowrst-r, was not a.ssuiii«'«l liy Mr. Ma«y population, of which Mr. (M'oi-^^t' Hrown wa.s the champion, lieeame a Imrnin;; i|Uestion in tlie polities of the day. I>uiin;;the tirst session it was introduced hy .Mr. Iiiown, and its passa;^e .stroii;,dy ur^'t'ii, in justice to the !,'iowinii imjM)r tiiiiee of ITpjier Canada. After a lonj; and heated deliate, it was defeate*! on a division of (it to ">J. At tlie openiii",' of this scs.sion the decision of Her .Majesty, to whom had lieen sulimitted the (H'estioii of where the jiermanent capital of the province should he jilaced, was niiuie known. Her decision was in favor of Ottawa, which had many adxantayes to recom- mend it. The selection, howcNcr, occasioned discontent in several of the cities which hud as- pired t<» the honor, and *he Opposition, taking ad\antaj;e of this feeling, sui-ceeded in carryiny a resolution of re^^ret at Her Majesty s choice. The ministry of Mr. Macdonald thereu|M»n promptly resigner(»wn was invited Ui form a Cahiiiet. He undei-tustained, though by an exceedingly slim majority. In the Cabinet, ax it wa« now eonstit.ited, .Sir. A. A. i)orion had taken the place of .Mr. Sicotle. Thetiovern- ment struggled through the session in safety, but resigneti when pailiainent o|H>ned in I Slit. The Tat hi'Macdonald rrrinistry followed, but only lasted for' a irronth. It now became plain t«) all, that with the parties soe\eirly balanced, it woirld bean imjHissibility forany (ioveirrnrent constituted on recogni/ed lines, to exist and carry on the business of the countiT. It was at this juncture that Mr. (!eorge Miown made the overtures to .Mi'. .Macdonalil which resulted in the coalition (iovfrriment, foi-med for the pirr'|M>se of br'inging alHiut a confeder-ation of the l*i'o\inces. The <|uestion of Confederation, which had for- some years Im-cii pr'eserrted to the various l'ro\inces as a |M)ssibility, was regai'ded favorably by the people, especially of Canada, and by the authorities in the old land. .\ num- ber' of confer'ences of delegates fr'av Conrpany held certain rights by chartei-, and a portion of this he subsequently ei'ected into the Pr'ovince of Manitoba. Tn lf<71 he arranged the terms on which British Columbia entered the Dominion, and in 1^7.'5, wliile he was still at the helm of state, Prince Kdwai'd Island l)ecame a Province of the Confederation. Tn the general election of \^~'l his (Government was sustained by a gcMnl majority. When parliament oj)ened, how<»ver, charges of corrupt collusion with Sir Hugh WM'^' I. I'HOMIXKSr MFN OF CANADA SI AIIhii wvrv iMi'tViiiMl iiKiiiiiNt liini. h wii« iilleKwl tliut li»^ IiimI ..nl-l tin- «'liu:»«T fnr tin- Ciiiuuliiin Pii.ifif Uir'^uy t > Sir Inyli for MMMH-y with which to i-iury thf i-h-*' inns. A tiiiiiiiiittft' iis«» wiiN it|i|Hi<'iit«'ti to iii- N»'stij,'nt<' thf rhiii;,'fs. ami si'l>s»'<|Ufiitly ii Hoyal ('itlllllli><>iiili, t'nlll|>Hiiit°til hikI tiviii^ |MTirwh<-lm(>d any |iulili(' man in Canada save hiinsclt'. lie o|i<'n*-le, and the election of \S~ \ vjave liis (!ov- ernment an immense majority. I Miring this adinini.strution, a wave of commercial depres- sion of unusual severity sti'uck the «'ountry and aU'ecled every interest in the honiinion. The crops failele have since that time thrice endorsed it at the polls. For a period of thirteen years, from the election of 187i*< till his death, Sir John Macdonald shaped and moulded Canailian affairs, and he has in- delibly stamped his own persoiudity on the his- tory of the Dominion. In the sij^ht <»f the people he so overshadowed his ministers that it might almost Vie said that they became known as members of the Government only after his death. Ihirinj; liiM |on^ |N>riiNi of uninterrtiptest monument of his adniinistiation, hah bi'»'n completed. The couuner«"«' (»f the Domin- ion has incieased year by yeai' in the most ^ratii'ying manner; the Nurth-West Teiritories, the future home of millions of |M>oph>, have been o|M'nes uniteil. Tributes were j)aid to his gicat worth by th«' people of the old as well as the new world, and the representatives of the Cana«lian jwople followed his remains to the tomb with every sign of grief and affection, lie lii's buried in the pictures(jue i-eiiietery of Cataraciui, near Kingston. Tn private life. Sir John was a most genial and warm hearted gentleman, and proliably jiossessed a larger iuiiuIkm- of personal friends than any man in the Dominion. He was twice married. His first wife was his cousin. Miss IsaU'lla Clark, who died of con- sumption in ISo7. Hugh John Macdonald, M.P. for Winnipeg, was the issue of this uiiifui. His second wife, Susan Agnes I'ernard, sur- vives him, and after her husbands death was raised to the jwerage, with the title of Baroness Macdonald. This lady has exercised a wonder- ful influence in the social world of Caniula. Sir John Macdonald was always held in high regard in the mother country, and in 187!> was sworn in a member of Her Majesty's Privy Council. In ISG"), he received the honorary degree of P.C.L. from Oxford University. He was also honoured with the degree of LL.D. by Queens University, Kingston, and with the degree of D.C.L. by the University of Trinity College, To- ronto. The following were some of the measures of legislation accomplished by the right hon. gentleman during the period of his public life: The .secularization of the clergy reserves ; the extension of the municipal system ; reorganiz- ation of the militia : the reorganization of the civil service ; the ratification of the Wa.shing- ton treaty ; confefleration of B.N. A.; the con- struction of the Intercolonial Railway ; the ex- tension and cn the 2()th of May, 1H48. He l)e<;an his education in the Se- minary of St. Therese de IMuinville, but took his degree of LL.B. in Victoria College, Cobourg. Ont.,in 1(^69. Like many others of tlie ambitious and able young men of his Province who ha\e the desire to enter public life, Mr. Ouimet de- voted himself to the profession of the law. He studied in the office of Edmund liarnard, one of the ablest practitioneis of his time, and was called to the bar of Lowei' Canada in bS7(). Starting with the advantages of wealth and social position, his natural talents were given an early opportunity to display themsehes. A bright future was predicted for him by his many friends, and, though still a young man, he has accomplished more than enough to justify the most satiguine of their forecasts. He won a prominent place in his profession, and aftei' only ten years of practice, on the 11th of Oc- tober, 1^s, being ap- pointed Lieutenant-Colonel. When the rebellion in the North- West broke out and with it broke out nmrmurings in p]nglish-speaking Canada, that the French Canadians sympathized with the rebels, Lieut.-Col. Ouimet did more than a thousand impassioned speeches ct>uld have clone to set public feeling at rest, by offering the servi- ces of himself and his men for duty at the front. The offer was accepted, and the Goth was one of the battalions to make the fearful tour of the North Shore, and to brave the perils and trials of the whole campaign. Their presence in the Edmonton district, and the active exertions of their Lieutenant-Colonel, had much t<» do with keeping the half-breeds of that district loyal to the (iovei"nm<'i)t, and thus of preventing the calamity if a general Indian outbicak. In many ways Liei t.-Col. Ouimet has done nmch to im- prove the< (iidition of the volunteer service. He has al\Nays lieen an ardent su)i]Hiitei' of the movement to raise the standard of rifle-shooting among the troops. He is a prominent niemler of the hominion Ritlc .\ssueiation. and has lieen chairman of the council of tiiat organization for some years. Mr. Ouimet entered Parliament in IS".'?. He had the adxantageof ha\ ing a county ready to receive him as its representative, instead of being obliged to fight his way to the fi'ont, as a man of less influential family con- nexion would ha\(' had to do. The people of Liival county were proud of the biilliant y<»ung lawyei- who had grown uji in their midst, and when Hon. Joseph Hyacinthe Bellerose, who had been the representative of the ccamty for some years, left the Conunons to take a seat in the Senate, Mr. Ouimet was ealled to take the vacant [)lace in the Conunons. He has re- mained the representative of Laval ever since, and has steadily advanced in the opinion of his fellow membei-s and of the people, and has achieved places of gi*eater an»irtment was hiou^^ht to lifjht, in 1S91, and the Conservative representatives, though accjuittinj; Sir Hector ri;inj^evin, the head of that departmt'iit and tlie leader of their French continjjtMit, of jwrsonal wroiielled to retire hiin for his lack of vijjilance in j^uarding the interests j)Iac«'sed upon. Mr. Ouimet has won public confidence in his new position, aiul has made a host of friends. Even a brief account of Mr. Ouimet's career would l)e incom. plete without the mention of his connectindis.solubly connected with the history of Canada in one of its most notable phases - the joining together of the .scattered groujis of colonists, and the development of the splendid resoui'ces of the country. Iiut, e\en though the success of his firm biought him a fortune at a comparatively early age, his hon- ourable ambition to achieve distinction in the country he had made his own, prevented him from settling back in mere inglorious ease. He de\dted a gieat deal of attention to public affairs, and did g(MKl sersice, especially in the discussion of financial (juestions, upon which he spoke with authority, and conunanded general attention. In 1804 he offered himself as a can- didate for the Ijegislative Council of the old Province of Caniula, contesting *he division of Saugeen. That was in the days when the Up- per Cyhaniber of the Legislature, like the .Assem- bly, was made up of meml»ers chosen by the people. Mr. Macpherson was successful in the campaign. From that time until the prtjsent he has l)een continuously in public life, and has occupied some of the most prominent and im- |)ortant pttsitions in the gift of the Crown in the Dominion. At Confederation, in 18()7, Hon. Mr. Macpherson was called to the Senate. He t«M»k a prominent place in that Ixxly, and when he spoke was always listened to with respect. When the first Government of Sir John Macdon- ald .sought the assistance of the leading capital- ists of the country to construct the Canadian Pacific Railway, and thus carry out the terms uplit'rson ivpivscntj'd On taiio in this niatt«*i', and tlu' manner in wliic.h lie discharjicd his dutit's was satisfactory to tlic (lovfrnmcnt and tht' jM'opU' of the Provinrc. Hon. Mr. Macjiheison was a stauiu-li sujiportcr of til*' Conservative j>oli( y, and durini; the r('i,'iinf of tJM' Mackenzie administration he did nnicli. Ixitli in Parliament and outside, to \v«>aken tlieir hold ujKin jmhlic conlidence, and hrinj; alMiut the defeat they suffered in Sej)temlier. ll^Tf^. Notonlydid he, hypubliceiujuiry through the Senate, expose the nature «)f tlie policy tlu-v were pursuinj,', liut he prepared a panij)hlet criti- cisinj,' that policy in its diffierent ph.ases, and e.\j)osinj,' its weakness, especially from the finan- cial and fiscal j)oints of view. This pamphlet was one of the leatlinji' documents circulated hy the Conservatives durinj; the campaijjn, and the many efforts made hy Lil)eral wiiters and speak- ers to answer the ar;fuments set foi'th in it, were sufficient pnM)f of the part it played in the elec- tion. This was in some respects the most not- able of a series of works by the same author, dealin«( with ffnancial, fiscal, and bankin, and was appointed Minister of the Interior. A year later he received the crowninjjf honour of his life, that of kniifhthood, beinj,' created a Kni<:;ht of the Order of St. Michael and St. (ieor<,'e. The duties of public life, however, wei'e t great for Sir Da\id to bear for long. He was coni- }ielled, by ill-health, to resign his position as member of the Cabinet, which he did in ISSf). Sir David Macplierson has not conffned his at- tention tt» politics alone, but has given mucli assistance to j)ublic Ixxlies of various kinds. He was for a time president (»f the Toronto St. An- drew's Society, an organization which includes in its memlxMship some of the ablest and l)est- known men in Caniula. He has also l)een iden- tified with some of the most prominent business corporations in the Dominion, having been a director of" Molsons Bank, the Western Canada Permanent Loan and Savings Company, and the Guarantee Compiany of Noith America. Sir David Macpherson has a fine residence in To- n)nto, known as Chestnut Park, where, when at liome, he dis|K'nses a kindly, genentus hospital- ity. He is comiwlled, howe\er, by the state of his health to In- much abroad. In his family lelations, Mr. .Macpherson has U-en jtarticulaily happy. In 1SI4 he was married to Miss Kli/a- U'th Sarah, eldest daughter of William Molson, the well known financier of .Mont real, and granritnfi>, Out. HOXOITRABLE (JKOH(!K WILLIAM KOSS, LL.D., M.P.P., and Minister of Education for f)ntario, was Imhh near Nairn, township of William, county of Middlesex, Ont., Septend)er 18th, 1841. His parents, .James and Ellen (McKinix n) ]{. ss, were both natives of Ho.ss-shire, Scotland, and of Celtic origin. The subject of this sketch began his dis- tinguished cai'eer as an educationist in 18.')7. and continued actively engaged in the teaching profession until 1807. In 1869 he attended the Normal ScIkmiI, Toronto, under Di'. .1. H. Sangstei", Princij)al, and Dr. H. W. Davies, first assistant. In 1871 he was apjM tinted In- .spector of Public Schools foi- the county of Lambton, and sulKsecjuently acted in a similar capacity for the towns of Petrolia and Stratli- roy. When the establishment of additional Normal Scliocds was agitated in Ontario, Mr. Koss took a leading ])art in the creation of the county model school system. After their establishment he jtrepait^i a syllabus of lectures for their dii-ection, and for a time rilled the jKisition of Inspector. The excellent lesults are a demonsti-ation of the wisdom of his couu sels. From 187(5 to 1880 he was a member of the cential connnittee of examineis. He steadily contended foi- the uniformity of text books, and favoured the limiting of Normal Schools to professional work. Mr. Ross matri- culated in law at Albeit Univei'sity in 1879, and graduated as an educator and as demonstrator of the school system of the j)ro- vince. Positions of public tru.st and responsi- bility always demand men of good character and superior al)ility : la-nce it is jiot surprising that Mr. Ross was elected, in 1872, repre.sen- tative of West Middlesex, in the H(tu.seof Com- mons. So thoroughly satisried were his consti- tuents that he was re-elected by acclamation in HON. GEORGE W. ROSS, LL.D., M.P.P., Toronto, Ont. H 58 I'KOMINKyr MKX OF CANADA. l''^74 : iiii*i iij^iiiii flfc'tt'arli.uiicii tiny liiMiiiiiis went (li)\\n iM't'oic tin- onset ut' tin- " National Policy. " He was flfcti'd for the last time t«» thf House of (Nminions in lS><:i, ami aj){M>inte(l ^liiiistfi- of MdiKation for < )iitaiio. as successor to tlie Hon. Adam Crooks, C^.C, in NovemU'r. 1SS:{. On tlie l")tli of I Jecendter. ISS:?, Mr. Hoss was elected to the Leyislatixe Assembly for West Middlesex, and was re elected in 1886, ami also in iSltO. The imblic spirited jxilicy and statesmanlike (|iialities of this j^entleman are exinced i»y the character of the hills he has at \arious times introduced i)oth in the House of C'onnnons and the Pro- vincial Lejiislature. Tt was he who, in ISNl'. first hrouj^ht forward a resolution in tlic Do minion Parliament, asking for the oi>eiiinL;' of nejfotiations looking to the estalilishment of re- ciprocal traro\ed of i;reat .service to the jirofessioii His piactical work as a journalist recalls I'-e fact of his Ix'intj chainnan of the joint committee on j)iintinLC of the Senate and the House of Connnons. He was also an Honorary Commissioner at the Colonial and Indian Exhibition, held in London. Enbell, Ks<|., of the township of Kast Williams, county of Middlesex, Ont., who died in \^~'l. He was married again, in |S7">, to Catharine iSoston. of .Mehose, countv of Middlesex. » )nl., daughter of William l'>os- loii. l]s(|. in all the i-elations of life .Mr. Ross has maintained an enviable reputation. He ini presses those who come in contact with liim. as a thoroughly energetic, self reliant and cajiable man. He is exceedingly genial and jdeasant, entirely lacking in self consciousness and not at all pntl'ed up w ith a sense of his ability, scholarly attaimnents or exalted station : but modestly ascribes his success in life to faithfidness. jierse- vcrance and hard woik. condtined with a trust in(!odthat can know little of fear or failure. I >illiculties have only aroused him to nobler n-- soKc and higher endea\i)Ur. To his imjtortant oHice. as Ministerof Kducation. Mi-. I{uss lnings the et|uiiinieiit of a strong ii:aracler. a well- stored and cultivated mind, and a large experi- ence; together witli a genuine enthusiasm in educational mailers and great gifts as a jmlilic sjteaker and debater : all of which are essential and invaluable (pialities in a j)ublic officer and departmental administrator. It is to be hoped that many years of active service are yet before the iionouratile and uoitliv' "■eiitleman. IM"I'KI{ C. P.LAICHT i',, lliiiiiilliii), (hit. t^^NHOW'EI) with natural abilities of a high i order, jiossessed of a goixl education, with an honourable reputation in commercial and business circles, the gentleman whr)se name apjieai?; above has for a number of years been a recognized leader in connei-tion with the afi'airs of the city of Hamilton. Peter Camiliell Rlaicher was born in tlu- townshijt laicher and his \ife Sarah Ann, whose maiden name was Canipbt II. 'J'hev were natives of New Ihimswick. and came to Cp[)er Canada a few weeks before the sidiject of our sketch was born. The familv consiste|;! A. PETER C. BLAICHER. Hamilton, Ont. ■jt^ .L 00 rnOMIXENT MEN OF CANADA. was ji rotuhirtor nn the (Jrcat \\'<'st«'iii railway. Tlif old ;,'cMtlciiiaii (lift! ill 187S. wliilc Mrs. I'.laiclu'r is still iivinij at tlif advaiu-t'cl a^jc i>t' fii^lity cij^lit years. Tlif lattt-r i-oiiu's of a j;ruiiswifk, to fii;,'a>,'f ill liimhfiiii;:. and of oiif of thfsf she is a (Ifscfiidaiit. ^'oiiiijx Pftfr l>lai(lifr was fdii latfd at the |iul)Iii' school, and in lS-''»4 lif com iiifiicfd tcachinji iiiSc nfca townshi]), lialdimand, having olitaincd a tirst-class Co. Hoard ccititi fatf. This hf sii!isf(jufntly rcplacfd with a sec- ond-class Provincial, and tinally with a tirst-class iiiadf A, at the Normal school, Toiontti, tin- last (jualifvinii him for the position of jaihlii- schur of commercf, and entfred the druj; husiness. This he has followetl ever since, the whole pfiicnl, with the exception of alnait two years, UeiiiL; spent ill Hamilton. His Imsiness caiffr has heen uniformly successful, and he occupies a hiirh jilace in social and commercial circles. Mr. P»laiclit'r's active connection with jaihlic affairs in tlif city dates hack to 1)<71>, when he was eleited member of the l>, and both on his fathers and his mothers side is descended from old and distinguished Flench ancestry. His paternal ancestors he- loiiLTfl to an ancient family at Krxault, in Poi- tou, while tlirouj,di his mother he i-an claim con- nection with .Iac(|ues Pabie de Han\i!lf, an otticfi- of thf rfi.'imeiit of Cariunan-Salieres, who landed in (^Ufbcc in ItKi."), and w hosf df- scfiidants of that naiiif have occupied hi^h and responsible positions in the country. His father was the late Hon. Chas. Kusebf Cas- urain, a lawyfr in Queliec, who representfd Cornwallis in the Lower Canada Assembly from IS.SO to 1S."U, was a member of the Special Council of Lower Canada from iS.'iS to 1S4U, and at the time of his death held the otiice of assistant-commissioner of public works. His niother was Anne Elizabeth, dauj;hter of the late Hon. James Haby. at one time Sjieakei- of the Le<;islative Council of Cj>i)er Canada. The subject of our sketch ivceived a classical edu- cation at the (_\>llege of St. .Vnnes, (Quebec, afterwards takinj.j a complete medical course at Mctiill I'niversitv, Montreal, where he aiiy, and sul)s«'(|U»'iitly wiis sui>;»'4, and hus always taken an active interest in its welfare and success. In |S,s;5 he held the otHce of ;;eneral presich-nt of all the French Canaolitical t-ontests, hut thou;{h often ur^'ed to jilaie himself in the tield as a candidate for political honours, he was ohlijjed to (lecline. owin;; to the pressure of his profes- sional duties. On.lanuary T-'th, l.'^S?, he was tailed to the Senate, hein^ the first Frt'iicii- Canadian senator from tlie Province of Ontario, wlien he lesi^iiied his extensive jiractice to his son, Dr. W. W. C'as;,'rain, of Wiiulsor. In reli- iiioii, Hon. .Mr. Cas<,Main is a devoted Koman Cat liolic, and in 1SS4. in reco;,'nition of services rendered to the Church, he was created hy His Holiness Puj)e Leo XIII., a Knij;ht of the (»i(ler of the Holy Sepulchi". He has heen twice married, liist, in If^-A, to Charlotte Mary Chase, (lau;,'hter of Thos. Chase, of Detroit, Mich., formerly of (.Quebec. She died March Ilitli, li^J^C). His secoiul wife is Mary Ann Dou^iail, ehh'st dau;,diter of H. P. Street, for- merly of Hamilton, ()nt». now residin<; at Hijih- laiidPark. 111. He is the father of Hon. Thos. Chase l^isi,'rain, Attoniey-Cieneral of (^uel)ec, irid of C. \V. Ca.sj,'rain, ex-city attorney (»f Detroit, Mich., and is a hrother of the AWIm- 11. 15. Casjfiain, and of P. I>. Cas, attracted by the fame of the f^old mines. Like many others unsuc- cessful in the mines, he accepted readily such eiiiploynient as came to his hand, heedful only that it should l)e honest. It was at this time that he earned the rej)utation (of which he is sjiecially proud), i>f beinji the "boss" axeman of Ihitish Columbia. But his natural talents and indomitable eneiiiv and industry very so<»n t(M>k iiim from the ranks of the " hewers of \\o(m1, and i^ave him his tittinji jilace amoiiji; leaders of men and moulders of public opinion. In IStil, he undertII to represent his old constituency (New Westminster) in the Lt'j^islature, and, upon the meeting,' of the new House and o\erthiow of the Peaxeii adminis- tration, he accepted a seat in the cabinet formed by the Hon. Wm. Smitlu'. CcMitinuinj; in the (lovernment subsetpiently formed by the Hon. A. E. Pi. Davie, he was, upon the ii si-lKMiii'. \\v tluiii;;lit lln' trip would l(c iMiH'fitiai, liiit it |)i(iv»'il i>thi>i-wis«>. }(«' wii> tuki'ii ill ill liOiiduii a tiiuj)l«^ t»f tik- iH'ss, uj{j(niv)it«'d liy ii sli^ilit uccidt-iit tn a tiiij^rr, liastciH'd dissniiitiuii. (Ifiicial r»'j;i('t was t'clt all iiMT till- l>niiiiiii<>n at Mr. KhIimmis uiiliiiD-ly dratli. Tilt! htxiy wiin l)rou;»lit t<» Victoi-iii for inteniietit.] LOUIS c;. DE liEKTUAM, Xew York City, ^1^11 E sul)jt'tt of this liio;ria|)lii(al iiotit*', a I ;;i'iitleiiian wlio is well known in coiinef- tioii with railway cntt'ijuiscs in Canada, is d«'- sct'iidfd tVoiii an old and distiiif;uisli»-d Kivntli family, ori^'inally from Alsact', und was Itorn in Paris a short time ])rior to the Kevolution of 1H30. Dr. de lleitiam inherits a ♦.itlf from Ixitli the paternal and maternal side, hut he has hitherto preferred to li«' known in the plain way than hy the title which is uni|uestional)ly his. C'one«'rnin;i his early lite, little may he said further than that he received an e.xeellent edu- cation at the leading; scholastic institutions in his native country, tinally ^'laduatin^' wu!i lii},'h honours Ixith in law and medicine. Suhse- i|uently he practised the latter jaofession for a short ))erio(l in Paris, afterwards distiiifiuishin;,' himself in connection with an important mis- sion, for which he was selected hy the French (iovernnient. He came to America al)out twenty years ajjo and settled in New York, where, for a time, he juactised medicine, hut this he aban- dtiiied to enihark in railway and niininj,' specu- lation, in which he was successful. Some tive yeais since, after liavinj^ formed a syndicate of leadiiiii caj)ita,lists in New York and Philadel- piiia, he came to Canada and engaj^ed in rail- way enterpri.se in the Maritime Province. Since that time he has constructed a considerable mileage under contract, besides ac(|uirin;^ two inde{M'iideiit roads, of which he is President. In addition to these, he is the owner of \aluable interests in railways in the States, and he jair- |M)ses larjjely increasim; his mileage connection in this country. Personally, Mr. de l>eitrani is a jfentleman of most courteous and afl'alile manner and <.;enial disposition, and these (juali- ties, combined with the hij^hest sense of honour and intej^rity of character, command for him the admiratiim and esteem of all those with whom he comes in contact. Ma N . .1 A M i:s I ) .\ \ I i :s L ENS 1 N, St..l„ln>, X.lt. no.N. .I.\MES D.WIDS I.EWIN, Senator, President of tin- Hank of New Ihuiiswick, St..lohii. N.l»., was Imhii at W'omaston, H.iiliior- sliire, Wales. The Eewins wne country gentle men who had held the j>ro|M'rty, where our pif^fiit sid)ifct was iMirn. tor Ljciierations. See Sir 15. Iliiikcs ••Colonial (irntiy. Ihey were a Whig family, and the elder [>-win, in early life, was an enthusiastic poliiici.'in, and a stron;^,' sup|M»rter of Charles James l-ox, the greatest of the Whigs; Init with advancing years he re- tired to his estates, and to the private life of a i-ounliy geiitlem.'in. The iimtlier of our subject was of llu;;uenot family, her people having tied from l''rance during the persecutions of their time. .Fames l>a\ies Lew in was Inirn on the 1st of April, lf. In th«' discharge of his duties he was faithful, painstaking, accurate, and in cNcry way liusiness-like. Sui)se(|uently he was re- warded by promotion to the otKce of surveyor at the more important port of St. .lohn. He remained in St .John for eight yeai's ; at the end of the time named lie was promoted to the surveyorship at St. Andrews, which, by reason of its nearness to the l)oi-(|er. was a \erv im- portant plai-e from a customs point of \ iew. The free trade principle hail tiiuinj)hed in Kngland by this time, but the navigation laws still ap- plied to the colonies, and still had to be enforced. While Mr. Lewin was at St Andiews the navigation laws were done away with, so far as New Brunswick was concerned, but they were .still in force in Newfoundland, and to that colony Mr. Lewin was transferied, being ap- pointed surveyor at St. Johns. In If^oO, the LOUIS G. DE BERTRAM, New York City. T T 66 rROMiXEyr mex of c ax a da. customs (It'jifntiiu'iit was duup away witli. tlic «'.\tincti(>ii (»t' tlif Protection j)iiiKi])lt' in tlic adniiiiistiation liavinj; removed the reason tor its eontinuanee. Mr. Lewin was thus released tVoni iiis ottice after twenty years (»f faithful service. Mr. Lewin at once returned to St. John, where he had many friends, and where also \h' had acquired some property. He liad i)eeii for several yeais one of the directors of the Hank of New Brunswick, riow, as in those days, known as one of the stionj^est and most reliable tinan cial institutions in British North America. The l)ank is the secoral oldest in the Dominion. It was founded in 1820 hy some of the l)est known capitalists of the New Brunswick of that day. S«Kin after Mr. Lewin settled in St. John, a vacancy occurred in the presidency of the hank, and the position was offered to and accepted hy him. Since that time the history of the hank of New Brunswick has been, in the main, the liistory of its ])resident, for Mr. Lewin <;ave his whole time and attention to the bank s affaiis. Viewed from that standj)oint, Mr. Lewins life has been not only a loiii^ but a most useful md most creditable one. During the thirty-six years and over in which the bank has been under his niatiagement, its record as a safe, conser\a- ti\e and successful institution, has never once licen in any doubt, while to-day, and for } oars j)ast, that infallible indicatoi-, the stock mai'ket, has shown its business to be moi-e profitable to its proprietors than that of any other similar institution in the country. The bank has never IxM^n carried foi- one instant into the field of speculation, but has followed conscientiously the lines of its charter, anhn, and for a time paralyzed its trade, the greatest loss to the bank was in the burn- ing of its own establishment, the lisk upon which the institution was carrying itself, as a matter of business. IJut there are other results which, though not so apparent, are yet even more im- j)ortant. The effect uixni the trade of the itro- \ ince, and f)f the whole country, of one strong, sound institution, attending in business-like fashion to its own wctrk, and making nnmey at it, must have been of innnense value. 'i'he work has l)een the means of helping regular business houses to carry on tlieir own business, and in that way. and to that extent at least, it has discouraged the feveri: li sj)eculation which, at the very least, only enriches a few while it often in\poverishes many, and always dt moral izes trade. {'onser\ati\ c in his niatiagDneiit of the bank. Mr. Lewin was conser\ative also' about entering upon other business ventures. Me invested a portion of his money, however, in other enterprises of various kinds, in the management of which he t(M)k a more or less actise part. .\niong these were the conipany which l)uilt and owned the suspension bridge o%ei- the St. .fohn river. Mr. Lewin was a director of this useful and ieniunerati\»' work foi- several ye.i.s, and was subse(|ueiitly elected j)resident, liolding that oliice up to the time when the bridge was bought and taken oxer by the govei'iiment. He was also a director of the conipai\y operating the Joggins eoal mints in Nova Scotia. Mr. Lewins tiaiipng was such as lo keej) him out of politics, juid. w hate\cr had been his training, his devotion to the interests of the bank would have kept him fiom mixing with ])ul)li.- affairs. He was always a close student of political events, however, and foiintd a shrewd independent judgment of jtolicies and men. When the(|uestion of confederation came up for ilecision in New ISiunswick, Mr. I.,ewin dej)arted from his rule and earnestly opposed that measure. His idea was that there should ha\e been a union of the Maritime Pro\inces, with reciprocity with the United States estab- lished on a firm basis. Then if, in tlu' course of events, a union of the IJritish North .\inerican Prf)vinces was deenietl advi.sable, it could be brought about in a more natural way and u]ion lines invohing less danger of increased taxation and the forcing of trade into channels in which it would not run without forcing. The argu- ments of the anti-confederjites did lutt prexail, Ixiwever, and confederation became a fact. ^Ir. Lew in took no furthei' active interest in politics until the gi'eat Pacific scandal exposure aroused indignation against the government of that day. With many others Mr. Lewin worked hard for the defeat of the administration, and had the satisfaction this time of seeing his efforts suc- cessful in the accessirm to office of the ^Llckenzic govermnent with a strong majoi'ity at its back. The object of those who formed the senate was to eidist in the service of the country the w is- dom and experience of a select body of men whose a(hice would be valuable, yet who would not be willing to face the turmoil of what is ordinarily comprehended under the term of "political life." Li this view no more desirable appointment was ever made than that of Mr. Tjewin, who was called to the senate by the Mackenzie government, on the 10th of Novem- ber, 1876. The general confidence in him and i-espect for him, his long experience and his pi-oven soundness of judgment in practical af- fair.s, make him a most valuable addition to the country's legislators. In the senate, Mr. Lewin T I I /i^*-r-^^^^-^ .L (')S I'HOMINENT MKX OF CANADA. lines not (it'trii sjM'ak, Itiit wlit-ii lie cxjucsscs .'ill ssess- ion of all his faculties, as ds this hard work iny; man of liusiness and j)ulilic affairs. In politics Mr. ijcwin. thou<(h no mere parti/an. may he descril)ed <;eiierally as a Liheral. He favours freedom as ai^ainst restriction as a trade j)olicy. and is sti(>ni,'Iy convinced of the neces.sity for the estahlishmeiit of the widest reci}»rocity with the Tjiited States. He believes that under natuial conditions those industries that ar.' natural to the country will flourish, and that the national piosperity is to he attained rather throu>;h the prosperity of the individuals mak- ing up the nation, than throuffli attempts hy means <»f statutes to force trade to <;row under unfavourable conditions. While in the employ- ment of the iJritish Government at Miramichi, in December, 1S.S2, Mr. Lewiii was married to Sarah Ann, daujjhter of Sheritt Clarke, of New lirunswick, one of the oriuil«Hn<(s, until at leni^th the tiriii found itself in its piesent tine estai)lishnient, with a fronta<,'eof a hundied feet on Kront-street, and tlie same on Wellinj^ Ion street, and six stories hij;h. Thei-e was no man in the Province of Ontario metre deseivin^ of the name of "merchant prince " than tlie head of this tiriii when it had attained its <>reat success. It is not hy liis success in business, however, that John ^Facdonald is best remem- bered, for his career in relation to various jiublic inoveiiients is his most lasting monument. Mr. Macdonald was a man of str<»nr, and in his time ad- diessed liundreds of mectinjis of all kinds. His ('liristianity was of the practical kind, and led him to take an interest in philanthropic work in the church, and outside of it as well. He took a leading,' and active part in the Temperance movement, and the Younjj; lien's Christian Association. At the united conventions of these associations for ( )ntario and C^uel)ec, lie was twice elected })iesident. He was one of the visit(»rs of Vict'.ria College, Ci>bourg ; a Senator of Toronto University, and was one oi the leaders of the movement to federate these institutions. He was for years a member of the Executive Committee of the General Ctmference, and treasurer of the Missionary Society. The ac- count of the labors he perfoiined for religious education and philantliro[)ic work, wN(; llic wfll known oHiiials S. His fatlu-r, \\v\ . .Marc .1. A. Ami, was a native ot' (ieiicxa, Switzerland : Imhii ot' Protestant paients, and after studyiii!,' in his own country and eastern France, with .Mr. Ileiiii .jaquet, the leadini^ missionary spirit of his tinu', he came to Canada in IS.")."?, as a mis- sionary in tlie Lowfr Province. On his way- out he was in the wreck of the ill-fated vessel, the Auriif .linn; which was wi-eiked off the west coast of Scotland, and he and a few others were the only survivors, out of over three hundred j)assen<;ers. Since comin;; to this country, Hev. Mi-. Ami has heen constantly eni,'ai;ed in missionary and ministerial work, chietly in ( )iitario and t^uehec. He was for some years pastor of the French Presbyterian church in Ottawa, and at j)i-esent is stationed in the New Fnnland States. For many years he had a noMe assistant in the person of his wife, a most estimahle woman, who couraj;e- oiisly shared all the trials which, in those davs, were insepaiahle from the work of French evanj^eli/ation. Madame Ami, whose maiden name was (iiramaire, was a native of France, havinji been horn in (ilay (Daubs), in the airondisseinent of Montbeliard, the home of the Carriers, and the ciadle of Piotestantism in France. From the date of hei- cominj; to Canada in l)^-")^, till her death in July, 1886, she devot- ed herself unceasinfily to works of ])enevolence and charity in connection with her husl)and's evaiiffelistic work. In this connection it may i)e noted that Rev. Mi-. Ami and his wife were anionic the first Protestant missionaries who came tala'onl..\. Previous to iiis graduating, he had been ap|Hiinted to a position on the palaoiitological statf'of the (Jeological Survey of Canada, shortly after the removal of the museum from .Montii a! to Ottawa, and on leaving .Mitiill heat oiice entered upon his new diil ies. Siine that time he has been oih' of the most diligent and en thusiastic workers in the department, and he has made many \alual)le contriltutions to tin' literature of scientific reseaiili. These include Upwards of twenty-tive pajn-rs and re]iorts on scientific subjects, emltracing the jialicontology of the diflerent provinces of the hominion. esjiecially in jiaheozoic roiks. Special mention mav be made of his papei' on " 'i'lie (ieology of Quebec ami Knvirons," (published in l8'.t|), which was rt>ad Ix't'oie the (Jeological Society at Washington in December, IS". 0, and which af- trjicted a great amount of attention both in America and among Eumpea' geologists, as tending to solve the (Quebec grouji in geology, which, for upwards of thirty years had been a disputed jioint. This was a continuation of the work which had been piosecuted in this direc- tion by Sir William Logan. In ISS."), Mr. Ami visited Europe sjiecially to carry on ))alieoiitolo- gical investigations in England, France and Switzerland. In the following year he was intiusted with the cliaige of the separation of the geological formations in Central Ontario, and in 1887 he made an examination of the fossil remains of the Arisaig shores in Nova Scotia. In 1889, he again went to F^urope, vi.siting the glacial formations of Switzerland, and making investigations which have since greatly facili tated his work at home. In l8'Jl. his work in British Columbia, in cimnection with the mineial formations in that Piovince, proved a great success. His special work, however, during the pa.st ten years, has l)een the determination and classification of the paheozoic fossils of F2asterii Canada, with special refeience to the disturbed regions of the Province of Quebec, and in this he has been highly successful, as the records of the dejiaitment will .show. In addition to this he has, during the same j)eriod, given consider- able attention to the natuial history resources of Ottawa and vicinity, in connection with tin- Ottaw.i Field Naturalists" Club. His first paper on geology was read before that organization at Ottawa in the fall of 1881, while, the winter innnediately following saw his first work on "The Utica F^ormatioii of Canada, which was read before the Natural History Society of Montreal, and also before the O. F. N. C. at Ottawa. Then followed notes on Friarthnii^ - !Hi*;'i?f^ - (1 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. S/ntiD.sii.'t, l!illiiii.'s, ,'iimI vaiiuiis icjmhIs on tin- strati^^rjipliy and piiln'oiitolnjiy <>t" OtUiwa and vicinity, includin<,' a ank (all in the City of Ottawa): the lv\i«riment- al Farm b:iildings located at ISraiidon, Mani- tol)a, anarent than in conntn-tion with his military career. Thi.s, while in accordance with his natuial tastes, was never regarded in the light of a pastime, but rather as a duty that he owed to his (^iieen and ccaintry. which he has faithfully ]>erformed during thirty-four years of continuous service. In the year IS.")?, shortly after his arrival in Ottawa, he joined the Field Battery as a gunner, and gradually rose stej) by stej), until 1S7.H, when he received the command of the battery, being gazetted major on the 1st June of that year. Owing to the aiiprehension that i-xisted in iSlili, the battery was twice ordered out for active ser- vice ; and the cheerful and |)rompt resjKinse. and the efficiency disjilayed ant. Stewart connnaiided the detachment on duty at Prescott, and in 1^70 when called on they noldy res[ionded, the captain again having charge of the half battery stationed at Piescott. The majors military history is largely that of the Ottawa field battery, and the reputation it has always enjoyed alnindantly proves that the ef- forts of the major and those of his brother offi- cers have been rewarded with the success which their untii'ing zeal and great self-sacrifices so richly deserved. The major belongs to the Orange Oi'der, and was niastei- of Lodge No. 12t" Nvliii'li lie was cliuirli- wanlcii, aiitl is imw lay di'lfj^att' t<» tin* Pio- viricial SyinMl. He lias also f^iven his ivady and i'iu'i' with the highest honours e\t'r conferred on a pupil at that insti- tution. Immediately afteiwaids, he made pre- linnnary sui\eys from Jon<'s' Falls to Kingston in connection with pi'o})ose(l iniiMoseinents in the Kideau canal, preparing, under tiie directitm of Mr. Vise, plans for the same. On the com- ])letion of this undertaking, he was associated with Conmiander Boulton in making a survey of the lakes, and is at ]ircscnt engaged on the Pacitic coast making a sur\( v of the har'tour of Vancouver and other works at the instance of the Tmpeiial (Government. HECTOR CAMERON, :\r.A., Q.C., Toroitfo, Out. HIXTOU CAMERON, M.A., Q.C., Toronto, l)orn at Montreal, June 3rd, 1N32, is de- M-ended fiom a historic Scottish family', the «;leu Dessery 'oranch of the Clan Cameron of Inverness-shire, a clan famous even in chividric times for its loyalty, courage, and devotion tlle^e. London. Here he remained for four years, receiving the thorough mental discipline .so nece.s.sjiry to future piogress in life. ^\s a pupil, he distinguished himself by his proficiency, especially in the classics, for which branch of leaining he early showed a gieat aptitude and regard. T'pon completing his course at Kings College, he entered Trinity College, Dublin, as an arts .stu- dent, and while heie he apjilied himself with a zeal which clearly indicated his desire of taking the fullest advantage of the unecjualled facilities offered to tlu- xholar at such an 'iistituti(»n. He graduated with honours in 1S")1, and im- mediately after taking his degree he returned to Canaila and was articled as a law student in the othce of Ml'. John llillyard Cameron, of Toront«». Three yeais subse<|uently he was called to the bar of Ijuwr Canada, and at once opened an otlice in Toronto. In this city he has since continued to practise and has built up one of the largest and most lucrative legal busines.ses in Canada. A careful and constant student in his youth, he has never ceased to take a deep interest in literature, and neither the close ap- j)licatioii lu'cessary to a successful ])rofessioiial career nor the distractions incident to publii- life have preNcnted him +'idiii keeping himself in touch with the learning of the day. Indeed it niay with truth Ih' said that there is no man in Canada whose literary sympaihies are wider or more keen. Like all young men of strong indi\ iduality and ardent tenii)erameiit, Mr. Camentn had no sooner begun to nii.\ with the active world than he became interested in the political ([uestions of the day. This naturally led to a desire to enter public life. He felt that he was fitted in an emin ■ degree by reason of natural ability and ed i* , lon to assist in shap- ing the countiy s dest!T . He accordingly de- termined that no opportunity should be lost of bringing liimself before the peojile. In the gene- ral elections of 1867, the year of Confederati(»ii, he offered himself as a candidate, in the Con- servative interest, for the representation of South Victoria. After a hard struggle, in which he displayed all the vigour and tact of an old campaigner, he was defeated. The leNe-rse. how- ever, instead of damjiing his ambition, only whetted his desire, ami he returned to his pri- \ate liusiness with a determination to make another attempt at the earliest opportunity. Tn the general elections of 187-1 he sto(Hlfor North Victoria, his opponent being Mr. Madennan. Mr. Maclennan was returned at the head of the polls, but a petition tiled against him for bri- bery by agents, was succes.sful, and another contest was ordered by the c(mrts. Again ]Mr. Maclennan carried the constituency, but once iA&:\m HECTOR CAMERON, M.A.. Q.C., Toronto, Ont. 4 H\ I'liOMINKNT MEN OF CANADA. nunc lit' was jiiiscafcd l»y tlic courts iinil Mi. (".■iiiK-nin was jdafctl iii liis scat. .Mr. ('aiiii'mn continued til i»'|>r«'scnt North Victoria till ISS7. .\s a lliclllltci of tlic House of ('olliniolis. Ml. ( 'aiiicroii's soliil aiiilil ics and s\ iine|. He was a ready and forcible s|ieakcr. and liis o|iinions, esjici iaily on international <|iiest ions or |M»iiits res|icctiiiy the const it iilion, were received as from an authoiity. In |SS7. .Mr. Caincron was defeated I )y Mr. I'arroii. the i>ieseiit re|iiesen tati\c of North Simcoe. He has since that lime continued to j>racti.se his |iiofessi >n. although ilcemini; rightly enouu'li that he has earned the riy;lit to take life easy, he has not taken upon himself many diUicult tasks of a le^al character. -Mr. Cameron has ooiiducte|ireciation of his yifts as a constitutional law- yer liy solicitiiii; him to aruiie the (|Uestion of the houndaiy of Ontario hefore the . Judicial Cominittee of the TmjH'iial Privy Council. In IS()U yiv. ('anier(»n married ("Lira, eldest daiiLth- ler of William iJoswell. Iiarrister at law, of Co- houi'fi, and ifranddaiiiiliter of Cajitaiii the Hon. W. iJoswell. H.N. 11 HON. THoA[.\S ("TTASE C.\S(!1{.\IN. (J.C, LL.I)., .M.I'.R, ON. THO.MASCHASECASfJHAIN. (,).C.. LL. I)., M.P.P.. Attorney-Ceneral for the }'i(Aiiice of (^>uel)ec, is a member of the well- known western family of that name, which is one of the oldest representfitives of the French-Can- adian population. The founder of the C\'iiiadian family was Jean Daptiste Casiiinin, an officer in the French finny, who came to tii,'ht the battles of liis kiiiii in New France, in 17")0. On his mother's side. Mr. Casgrain is (h'scended from tile Baby family, whose petiple include in their luiinber some of the most prominent in Canadian military and political history. The late Hon. Charles Eusebe Ca.sgrain was the <,'randfather of the sub'ect of this sketch. He sat for Coni- wallis division in the Lower Canadian Assem- l>ly from IS.'IO to ls;>4, was a memlier of the special council of Lower Canada from the quell- \\\\i of the reliel'ion, in 1S.>8, to the union of the jirovincos, in 1S41, and at his death held the ortice of assistant commissioner of public works for the united Province of Canada. His sons include Ablit' H. ILCasi^i'ain, an eminent l-'reiicli- Canadian writer, and P. 1>. Casijrain, for many years a member of the H(»use of Commons for FjTsIet. and Hon. Charles Kui^ene Casi;rain. C..^L, .NL I >., Seiialoi of the I dominion, and father • if our present sketch. Hon. | )i'. Ciisyniin was ediK-ated in (Quebec and .Montreal, and be^an the pi ictice of his piofcssjnn in Helroit in is."i|, biii reinoxed to Sandwich in I S.'iCi, later to Wind- sor, where he now resides. His wife is Char- lotte .Mary Chase, daiiifhter of I he late 'i'homas Chase, of Detroit, and Catherine Caroline Ade- laide P>ailli de .Mes ire, of (^»uebec. Thomas Cha.se Casyrain is the eldest son of this union. He was Ihii'ii on the -JSth .luly, |S">'_'. He was educated in the i^luebec seminary, (^>uebec city, where h< proved himself an amiiitious and bril- liant scholar, holdinii the hi<,'hest place in his class for live years, and yrailuatint; at last with hiiili honours, in INT'J. Heattended Laval I'ni- \ersity, wIkmc he continued his successful caieer. In.lune, IS77, he graduated a master in law (liceiicit' en droit), carrying otl' the DulVerin medal for tiiat year. In August of the same year he was called to tlie bar of the Prov ince of tjuebec, and began practice in that city in pait- nership with i.ieut. -Colonel (iuillamne Amyot, .M.P. This j)artiieishij) continued until ISSI, when Mr. Casgiain retired to join the extensive and well-known linn of Langlois, I^arue iV Aug- ers, his name aj)pearing also as junior member. Mr. [.ifinglois died not long after, and Mr. Larue was appointed a judge of the Superior Court. In the meantime "SXr. Ca.sgrain had made such a splendid record at the bar that when the linn was reorganized he became the senior pai'tner, the tiim name lieing Casgiain, Augers tV' Hamel, which controlled one of the largest practices in the Province of (.Quebec. ^L•. Casgrain was aj)- pointed a member of the Faculty of l^aw in his (iliitii iiiiinr. Laval rniversity, in October, 1?<7J^, and in the same year was maointed Profes.sor of Criminal Law in the institution. He i-epresented the Crown in (.Quebec at two terms of the Court of Queen's IJencli, criminal .side, in ISN^, and was deprived of the otHce by Attorney-General Loranger, be- cause his views did not agree with tho.se of the (Jovernment on the .sale of the Xorth Shore liailway to >L-. Senecal. He was chosen by the Dominion (lovernment as junior counsel for the Crown at the trial of Louis Kiel, and other rebel leaders in Regina, July and August, ISf^"). This raiifti' ri-ll'lir<% the greatest i>robably ever known in Canada, did much to establish tinally ^Ir. Casgrains commanding posititm at the bar of the Province of Queliec. His position as Crown pnosecutor in this case, however, was used by his political op] 'jiients to injure him wheji, a short time later, he appealed to the people. Always a strong Con.servative, ^fr. Casgrain advanced in favour among his political friends as rapidly i '♦••► HON. THOMAS CHASE CASGRAIN. Q.C., LL.D , M.P.P., Quebec, Que. rno.MixKXT MF.x or caxada. as ill III prot'i'ssion. He wiis cliairiiiiiii, in IHTO iiiid ISSU, i»f till- (Mull ("iiitit-r, a ('MiiHcivativi' orj^aiiizatinii, wliii li |M>ntMts snii;{lit in evory way to liiinj; him into discit'dit as one of those who liad |iaitie l>ou(herville a(hninistration, whose it'';;iine then Ite^'an. Sinee that time he has tilled tin- otiice aeteptahly to the jteopie and to his eolleaj,'ues in the administration and in the House. Mr. Casjfiain was married on the l-'ttli May. 1^7X, to Marie Louise, eldest daughter of the late Aiexanchv I^'Moine. NICHOLAS FLOOD DAVIN. M.P.. nr,in„u X.W.T. VrCHoLAS FLOOD DAVIN, ^L P. for i.1 Western Assinihoia, N.NV.T., is one of the foremo.st figures in Canadian literary and jioliti- eal life. He is deseended from a well known Irish family, for many j,'enerations prominent in Tipperary. He was horn in Kiltinnan on the l.'Uh July, 1S4."{ ; and there he reeeived his early edueation under private tutors. Ljiter he at- tended a eollei,'^ attiliated with LoikIoii I'ni- versity, and finished his scholastic cour.se in (Queen's College, Cork. Andntious from his earliest years of ,\ name and place in put)lic life, he souj^ht the ;^reat meti'opolis of London, ready to conrtunities <>|M>ned to him that hedexoted but little attention to the practice of the law. At the same time he was more fortunate than are most young banisters, for business was otlered him from the very day he was authorized to ap|)ear iM-foie tlie court. He was a rejiorter in the Knglish House of Com mons, tiisi for the Sin,- ami then for the /'«/// Moll (,'iiziffi\ morning edition. H«' hiul had no preliminary training as a reporter, but, hav- ing taught himself shiiilhaii)', he mat le the at- tempt of re|M)rting iind succeed«'d from the tirst, a most unnsii.il, if not uniijue case, for tht> majority of occujiants of seats in the reporters' gallery are carefully trained for their work in the mill of local and outside reporting. His career in the gallery was interrui>ted by the Fraiu'o-CJerinan War. With that great event came the demand from all the newspapers of Kurope for the ser\ ices of that most striking and wimderful character in journalism, the war correspondent. Nicholas FIimmI Davins bril- liant descriptive and critical artitles had maik- him out as one of tho.se to be chosen for the tield, and he was gisen the coiimiission of the Irish 'I'liiiiK iind Liindon Shi inliinl. He fol- lowen. The result was a break- down in liealth, which niad<' it impossible at that time for him to continue liis \\(nk in Lon- don. tSeeinpf that America ottered him many oj)portunities, \\v crossed the ocean, arid landed in Canada in 'July, 1<'>72. He was at (jnce offered a position on the editorial staff of the Toionto (rhthe, under the late Hon. (Jeoi-;;c Ih-own, which i)(»sition he accepted. He was en<,'a<,'ed to write upon Eur(»pean and j^eneral topics, and found in this a con<;enial field. After three years on the Ljreat Liberal or;^an, Mr. Davin decided ui)on a change. Mr. Brown urged him very strongly to remain, offeiing to to get him into Pailiament Hon. William MacDougall and Mr. A. H. Dvniond were ex- amples of (jllohf' editorial writer'- finding seats in the House and assured him i if, once a re- presentative of the people, there was noj)osition in Canada to which he might not aspire, not even excepting the Premiership. These argu- ments did not pre\ail, hosvever, and Mi'. Davin resigned. Foi' a time he did not join the staff of any newspaper, but sj)ent a considerable por- tion of his time in lecturing in various parts of Canada. His lectures, "The English House of Commons as I Saw it,'" and others have l)een heard with delight by scores of Canadian audi- ences. ^Ir. Davins literary in^ < t and skill, his rare hunutur, his apt desci iis and his wide reading, gave him a power , the lecture ])la,tfonu which would assure him success and distinction apart altogether from his record anil his name in politics. When the Canada First n;o\ement was started and Tht' Xnfionnl was established, Mi-. Davin l)ecame <»ne of its most noted contributors. His sympathies, however, were with, what seemed to him, the more prac- tical nationalism of the Conservative party, and so he joined the United Empire Club at the re(|uest of 8ir John A. Macdonald, and in 1S7() accepted a position on the staff of the ^faU. Til some legal cases which subse(|uently were tried in the courts, Mr. T. C. Patteson, chief editor of the Mail, stated under oath that he paid Mr. Davin more than he had e\er paid ;iny writer, because that gentlemans writing had a special value from its literary merit and its original and convincing sty'e. Mr. Davin's letters from the Centennial Exhibition to the Mail are still well remembered. The commis sioners had l>een inclined to give Ontario only a secondary place, but the ridicule heaped ufntn them by Mr. Davin as the Maift! special cor- respondent, compelled a re-arrangement. The summers of 1877 and 1878 will long l)e memor- able in Canadian annals for the " pic-nic cam- paign" that was carried on by the Conserva- tives in their great and succe.ssful effort to over- throw the Mackenzie (Jovernmeiif. Among the orators of that time none earned greater fame or did better work than ]Mr. Davin ; his rich humour and brilliant periods making him a fa\(irite of all classes. When the elections came on in Se])tember, 1878. Mr. T)aviii was nominated for Hahlimand. Tt was recognised that the fight was a hopeless (»ne, for the county had lieen LilnM-al from the days of Wm. Lyon Mackenzie, who was one of its earliest rej)re- sentatives, l)ut the learown had been shot by an employe named TJeiinett, and the wound proved fatal. liennett was charged with murder and was tried before Sir ^Matthew Crooks Cameron. ^Ir. Da\in was retained for the defence and had the satisfac- tion of hearing the eminent and learned judge say that he had never seen a criminal case bet- ter conducted, that the resources of advocacy had been exhausted in defence of the uiifortu- nate j)risoner. The evidence, however, was overwhelmingly clear, and the man was practi- cally condemned before the case was given to the jury. In 1882, the enormous stream of humanity moving towards the North-West car- ried Mr. Davin with it. He went first to Winnipeg, but believing that there was more for him beyond that point he went to Regina, and there, in March, 188.S, he founded the L>'(('/ei; with which his nanu; has ever since then been associated. Through this journal, Mr. Davin has vigorously and successfully ad- vocated the interests and rights of the North- West and its people. The paper has been a success from the first ; it now has a circulation extending throughout the whole North- West. In 1883-4, Mr. Daviu was in Ottawa, one of a delegation appointed to urge upon the Gov- ernment changes in the law which would im- prove the land system and broaden the liljerties of the people. Considerable success attended the efforts of this delegation, as the statute 4 .L I'liOMlXEXT MEX OF CAN A DA. 81 iMMtk of thdt yciu- will show. Tn tlif t'ollnwiiiL,' vtiir we tind Mr. Davin sfctct.iry of tlif Cliiiicsc Comiiiissioii wliicii invest ij^^atcd tiic wiiolt- (jucs- tioivof Moii^'oliaii imiiiitiiation. The report was .Mr. Daviiis liaiidiwork. Ft lias Ix'cii very ,i,'eii- erallv connneiuled for its fulness and the accu- racy with which it sums uj) the evidence pven before the Conunission. He t(tok a leading; part in the ajiitation which led to the North- W.'st Territories 'oeini^ <,'iven i-( presentation in the House of CoMunons, and win n tlie election came on in IS)^? he was i;iven the nomination for his j)resent constituency of Western Assin- il>oia. He was returiu-d liy a larj,'e majority then and also in the election of li^Dl. In Par- liament lie is recoi^riized as the orator /«'/■ rx- rrll,)tri'. of the Conservative side of the Houst>. He has not yet heen pnnnoted to a cabinet posi- tion and thus does not speak with the authority which otlice i,'ives, hut no i^'reat deliate is r«'- <,'aided as completi! until Mr. Davin's speech has been heard, and that s[ieecli is sure to be !oi,dcal, argumentative and strong, yet brimful of wit, and brilliant with the evidences of the consunnnate literary tacticians skill. He has l)cen an untiring pleader for the interests of the North-West, and has succeeded not oidy in having important changes made in the laws, but also in improving the administration and in hiiving works cari'ieirs in the Don.in- ion, said subse([ueiitly that the work "received praise and deserved praise." He is also the author of a collection of verse published under the title, " Ero.s, and other Poems." These poems reveal the man — scholarly, bright, with tine touches, yet at times sacriticing true art, t)v rather nature, to the rt^piirements of clas- sical rule. Mr. Davin is too great in other de- I>artments of effort to be wholly succes.sful as a poet, for the mu.se to which Wordsworth, Ten- nyson, and the rest of tiie great ])oets devoted a life, not only of genius but of tireless lal)or, is not to be completely won by him who holds dalli- ance with othei fair ol)jects of ambition. Mr. Daxin is a \olumin(jus writer foi- other periotli- cals than the Liat/i'i: To the readers of tiie W'r,/, he is particularly well known, and his graceful and witty writing is one of thestrctng- estcoTinneiuiations of that journal to the public (iKoRCE 15. I'.AKKH. .M.A, Q.C., M.P., Sirirt.flill I'lj^ (Jllf. /rovince. He began the prac- tice of his profession in partnership with James O'Halloran, tJ.C, which connection he main- tained for about five years. H'" afterwards joined Mr. G. V. C. IJuchanan, and on that gentleman's elevation to the bench, he con- tinued for a time to practise alone. Then, in 1887, he formed a partnership with Mr. John E. Martin, since which time he has continued to practise as the head of the tirm of Uaker i^c ^lartin. ]Mr. I>aker was appointed a (Queen's Counsel in 187<'). In his profession, Mr. Daker has always been a diligent student, an industri- ous worker, and this, ailded to natural abilities of a high order, ha-< made his career at the bar an tinusually successful one. He is especially well-known as a pleader in criminal cases, and in this respect he has a I'ecord which shows liis great skill, as well in prosecuting as defending, for as a matter of fact, on whichever side he has been retained, he has invariably succeeded in securing a verdict for his client. But though he has always enjoyed a large pi'actice, Mr. Baker has taken a promiiKMit interest in politi- cal affairs ever since the time of Confederation. Being strongly attached to the princii)les of the Conservative party, he was one of the staunch est supporters of Lieut. -Col. Brown Cliamberlin, in 18C)7, when that gentleman was the success- ful candidate for the representation of ]\Iississ- (^uoi m the House of Commons. Indeed, it was K m ♦U ►i- ^ 88 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. luijioly (iwirifj to the pcrsmuil cflTorls of >Ir. Uaker that Col. ChiimlH'rliii was eh-cttd, and the niarktHl ahility which he disphiyed in dis- cussiii;^ jiuhlie (juestioiis «lurin;; the cainpaiyii seemed him a t'oreiiiost plaee in the councils of his l)arty. On the retirement of Ci»l. Chandwr- liii in 1H70. to accejit the ottice of (^iieens Piinter, the Conservatives chose M>-. llakei' as their candidate for tlie vacancy tlvis created, and in spite of the tierce opposition of the Liberal party of the lidiiii,', he was eh'cted. He was again returned in ISTli, hut at the i^eneral election in 1S74 he declined re-nomination. In the following,' year he was elected to the t^uehec Lej^islature by acclamation, and on the 27th January, l''^7(), he was sworn in as Solicitor- (ieneral in the administration of the Hon. ^Ir. Del'ioueherville, and was re-electeoth jirofessionally and in parliament, Mr. l5aker"srej)utation tor honour and iutegrity is (»fthe highest, and he is held in universal esteem. THOMAS H. STINSON, IfdtnUtdii, Out. rrHOMAS HENRY STINSON wa; Innn in 1 the city of Hamilton, on the Kith Decem- bei-, 1S()(J, his ancestors having settled there many years before. He is the oidy s«in of the late John Stinson, his mother being Enniia Caroline, daughtei- of the late C. O. Counsell. His grandfather, the late Thomas Stinson, was a native of the County Monaghan, Ireland, fidm whicli country he came to Canada in iSi'.'}, and six yeais later settled in Hamilton. In lf<47 he founded Stinson's Bank, now one of the oldest private financial institutions in Western Canada. The subject of our sketch was educated at the (ialt Collegiate Institute, under the late Dr. Tassie, and at the age of sixteen he entered the law othce of Messrs. Bruce, Walker it Burton, Hamilton. He con- tinued his studies until 1SS2, when he passed his final examination and was called to the Bar, iunnediately after which he entered upm the })ractice of his profession in his native city. Of late years, however, he has not given much attention to the law, as his large property in- terests in Chicago and St. Paul, as well as in Haii'.ilton, demand a large share of his atten- tion. Although still a young man, he has al- ready made his mark in jmblic affairs. In IHSl) he was a candidate for aldermanic honours in NN'ard No. o, probably the most important in the city, and he was elected by a hu-ger vote than had evei- been given previously to any candidate for a similar p<)sition in Hamilton. At the end of his term he declined re-election, much to the regret of his constituents and of thy citizens generally. In politics ^\v. Stin- scm is a Liberal -Conservative, and in 1890 i,. was chosen as the party candidate for the Ontario Legislatuie in opposition to the Hon. J. M. Gibson, Provincial Secretary in the caln- net of Hon. Oliver Mowat. The contest was t I ■ ^-.^i^^. • 1 1 ^^^H. 9 .t«5^- ... . ^ ^ r • THOMAS H. STINSON, Hamilton, Ont. m -L 84 r ROM I NEXT MEN OF CANADA. (Hie (»f the most stulilM>iii t'vt>r known in tlu' city, iiiul it resulted in Mr. Stinson's return hy ji niiijniity of SI, tlic vote stiindini,' Stinson, 4,l:i4, and C5il)son, I. OK). This result was ii Ui'eat tiiuni]ili tor .Mr. Stinsoiis friends and a crusliini; Itlow to his o|i|ionents, who had never counted on the possihility of Mr. (iih- son's defeat. His election was set asid»> Ity the courts, however, and in the contest which fol- l<'".ved, in Is'liruary IS'.U. he was in his turn defeated by the Hon. Mr. (Jihson. Tn relij^ion he is a Pi'otestant and a niembei- of the Church of Kii;,'laiid. t.i whose institutions he is a lib- eral contril)utor. On tiie Ith October. ISSl>. he married Auiies. only dauiihter of the late Charles .lames llojic, brojier of Senator llojie. and for many years a member of the wfll-kiiow ii hardware lirm of Adam Hope i^' Co. Personally -Mr. Stinson is a most amiable and kind-heaited gentleman, jiossessed of a i;enerous and sympa- thetic dispo.sition, and his jiopularity in the Am- bitious City is unbounded. [Oi'.iT.— On the mornini;- of Wednesday, the L".)th day of .June, IS!fJ, the whole city of Hamilton was shocked with the news that Thomas H. Stinson was dead. The sad event was entirely uiiexpecttHl, although Mr. Stinson had not been in the best of health for S(»me time i)re\ious, and his sudden taking-oti' cast a gloom over the entire comnmnity. AVhile liviuLC, as already recoided. Mi'. Stinson was highly i(oj)ular and esteemed by all classes; at his de.ith. all who knew him realized that they and his (.•ouiiliy had htst a noble-hearted man and a good citizen. His demise is mourned by a widow and three children, besides thousands of devoted friends in \arious parts of the country.] ALEXANDER MUIH, Port DaUiousif, Out. /CAPTAIN ALEXANDER :MriPv, of Port yJ Dalhousie, (hit., lu'longs to an old Si'ottish family. He was b(n-n on the '• H'\\\ Head " farm, about a mile and a-half from the town of 8te- venston, .Vyrshire, April ^Gth, ISIO, his parents being .John and Ag'.ies Muir. liis paternal grandfather was the Laird o' Hayock.s, an estate which has been in the family for se\t'ral hun- dred years, and which comes to the sini of Mr. Muir's eldest brother on the death of the pre- sent occupant. On his mother's side, he is de- scended from another old Scottish family. As far back as 120."), it is recorded one of his ma- ternal ancestors was a witness to a contract in which the Burgh of Irvine was a party. This family always manifest((I strong religious iirinci- ples, and at the time of the Reformation in Scot- land, its members tcMik an actise part on the side of the Co\enant«'rs, one of them, in an art'ray in lOS."), rt'ceiviiig a wound which left him lame for the remainder of his life. In his youth Alexander Muir attended school, and as- sist«'d his father on the farm, until he was about thirteen years old. Kven at that early age the boy had seen eiioiigh of the condition of things in the country to judge tor himself. He con- si«lered that the farmers were oppressed by the landlords, and he roundly told his father that he ''did not intend to be a sla\e," adding that if he were not allowed, as he wished to take to a seafaring life, he would lea\c home and shift for himself. Ill I'onsecjnence of this determination he was apprenticed for four years aboard a sail- ing vessel, the Jfoii of (I rL'j he left the farm to go " before the mast."' During his a})prentice.shij), which, by the way, he is proud of telling, was served on a tee- total ship, he made thrc" \'oyages to India and China, and his recollections of his experiences in those foreign lands, afford fo(i(l for many an inreiesting jiiece of word j)ainting, in which the Old gentleman is wont cleverly to indulge. On obtaining his discharge he left London, in May, 18ri(i, to visit his relatives in Scotland, but on reaching his former home, he found that his parents and th.eir other t«>n children had emi- grated to Canada two years before. Aleck's father had visitetl America in ISli), and after that, athough heir to Hayocks, he was filled with a desirt^ to take up his abode in the new world. His large family and the hard times in Scotland linally determined him to emigrate, for he saw much greater advantages for his children on this side the ocean than at home. So, in 1834, lie accepted a sum of money from his brothers, and, cutting himself adrift from the old land, he removed with his family to Canada. On his arrival he purchased land on the Cha- teauguay River, about thirty miles south of ^lontreal. Aleck, on discovering where the family had gone, det'iniined to follow them, and in June, 1S.'5G, he shipjjed at Creenock for Quel>ec on the brig Coi.-iiir, and six weeks later he arrived at the latter pi.rt. Here he deserted the Cornaii; and made his way by a Canadian vessel to ^Montreal, where. throug!< the assist- .aiice of some friends, he found or.t wiiere the family wei'e located, and I-ist no lime in joining them. With them he sjient Tlie winter, and in speaking of what heobser\ed during that j eriod, Mr. Muir gives a vei'y graphic description of the way in which the settlers ihen lived. They wove and fulled their own cloth, mad.' their own clothes, tanned their own leather, rud made their own foot wear; manufactured 'heir own sleighs and carts, roofeil their lioi,ses with t ALEXANDER MUIR, Port Dalhousib, Ont. ►•♦• 86 PROMIXENT MEN OF CANADA. thatch, Jind iiiadc wooden hiiii^cs t'of their d(K)rs. TIh'V were forced to disjieiise with the use ot' iron, but they inanaj^ed to <^et alonif witliout it, and heini; hardy and thrit'ty, and contented withal, tliey niaiia;L;ed to i^et alon;,' very well. In the spring of \X'M Aleck left thts farm, and started foi- the upper lakes. After ineetini,' with coiisidei-al)le hardship, he shipped as a sailor on hoard the schooner >//• Frmicin llitml llnnl, at Prescott, under Caj)taiii Taylor, who is still idive. After niakin:; several trij)s hctween Prescott and Hamilton, he went to Lewistoii, N.Y., IJutl'al ), t"le\elanti, Cohourj;, Port Hope, and othei- ports, tinally ohtainim,' a situation on the schooner St. Li'trriiirr, own(>d l>y Mr. Ives, of Kingston, in which he rema.ned until the fall 4if the year. Durinj: the hitter part of this sea.son ancl the sprin;^- of 1S:5S - "llehellion times,""-- he served at Kiiigst(»ii with the Queens Royal Marine Artillery, a corps coinpo.sed of iJUU sailors. In April, ls:5S^ ]„. shipped with (^aptai:i William i)oiialds(.n, and after that season, continued sailini,' ^2;i,U00. Among them were the well-known vessels, the Ai/r, Af/'ntniler, SuK/am, and Ar^: Two yeai-s .after starting the business, the captain took his brother William into part- nership with him, and subsecjuently three other lirothers. Tn addition to the ship yard, the tirtn carried on for some time an extensi\e timber business in Michigan and Ohio. Since 1875 the work at Poi't l>alhousie has consisted j)rinci)>ally of rebuilding and repaiiing vessels. Kor some time past the tiiin has been composed of Alex- ander and William ]Muir. Of the other three who were formerly connected with it, Bryce is living on a inrni in Grantham, David is in Chi- cago, and Archibald is in Poi't Huron. Captain Muir, though in his 7-'h(] year, is still a hearty and vigorous man. a fact which he attributes largely to the steady habits of his life. There were only fourteen families in Port l)alhouise when he went to live there, anil the heads of these ha\t' all passed away. The leading feature of his charaiter is an in\cterate hostility to the li<|iior traflic, which he opposes with all his might. in religion, he is a Protestant, and a member of the Presbyterian church. In 18|."), h" married .Jane Liing, a native of the North of Ireland, but who left that country in lf<4"), and was a resideiK of Kingston, Ont. In his busi- ness dealing.s, as well as in private life, he bears tlu' highest reputation for integrity and trust- worthiness, and there are none who know him who do not speak in the kindest and mctst re- spectful way of Captain Alexander Muir. CAPTAIN JOHN CASKIN, Kliiijstini, Old. / fAPTAIN JOHN (JASKIN, Kingston, is of \J Irish descent, his parents having come from County Tyrone to Canada, landing here in IS.")."). Robert (!a-^kin, the father-, was a typical North of Ireland man, hard-working and thrifty, and ih'votedly loyal to Ihitish institutions. He came to Canada in time to see the culmination of "Mackenzie's Rebellion," in IS.'}", and he was among those who turned out in defence of the law of tli^' land, and for the maintenance of jH'ace. His family consisted of four boys and four girls. The subject of this sketch, John Caskin, was born in Kingston, on the 'Mn of April, 1840. He was educated principally at a jtrivate school conducted by Rev. Mr. Rorth- wick, but left scIkioI at an early age to engage on his own account in the strugi,de of life. He was engaged first by ex-mayor John {''lanigan, l)ut, after a shoit term in this gentleman's em- 2)loy, he turned to the lake ship]>ing interest, for a livelihood, and to this int«'rest he has been de- voted ever since. He began his life on the lakes undei- Captain V. Patterson, on the steamer Scdffiiiitl. After thiit he held positions of re- sponsibility successively on the steamei's Huron, (it'ory Affiji'dtf, /it'll iifjord, and JiHiu/n; all owned by the late firm of Henderson ti: Hol.s- comb, forwardeis. He was but twenty-four years of age when he became captain of the Jiaiti/rr. In the second year of his captaincy he had some lively and memorable experiences in connection with the Fenian raid. The whole St. Lawrence slnire was in a state of great ex- citement over expected attacks (jf the Fenians, who collected at points on the American side, and it was considered i' ife for trading ves- sels, unattended by guid)oats, t\vs to wain him to proccc*! no i'lirthcr. Ciiptjiiii (Jiiskin was a nicnilMT ot' No. 1 conijiaiiy ttf tlic Kiiij^stoii hattalion, ami, hciiii; anxious to join his comrades, hf decided to jiiisii on. lie airived at Coinwall alHUit the sunie time as his coi|>s, and was ;.;ladly welcomed, not alone hecaiise h • was ])oj>idar with iiis comrades, Iml iM-cause he was caiivinj,' a carjjo ot' provisions whiih it was tlionixht would lie t'oiiiid nsct'nl. Tlie otlicer in connnand i|Ui'stioncd Captain (Jaskin as to the cari,'o, and iM'inji answered, " I'ork, jieas, and whiskey, the otlicer rejilied that tliis was exactly what was wanted, tor the pork wouhl teed the men, the p«>as could lie used tor shot if they run short ot" ammunition, .md the whiskey would j>ut life inlo the hoys. The pi'ovisions at the disposal of the Ndlunteers wei'e not altojicther satisfac- tory, and Ca])tain (Jaskin ituited his comrades of No. 1 company down to the Uiniijrr, and treated them to the l)est that the vessel attord- ed. His l)oat was released after two days, md pi-oceeded, with others, under con\oy of a \i\\\\- lioat. The yun-hoat twice ran a^iound, and the liiiiiji r hail to hel]i hei* oft". The last time the accident occurred, Ca|itain (Jaskin remaiked, jot'ularly, that the jiilot must he a Fenian to j,'et the boat into such trcjuhle. The worthy cap- tain was surprised to hear, two days later, while his vessel was loadiiii^ at Montreal, that the jiilot had actually i)een arrested, and was i)ein;f tried by court martial as a Fenian. He went up promptly to St. Lawi'ence Hall, and assured the authorities that he had no reason for he- lievinj,' iliat the man was a Fenian, and that what he had said was only a joke. Toward the close of the same season the /A'/^//' /• was lost on Lake Erie, but all hands were saved. Next year t'a])tain (laskin took a jilace on the steamer (!iany, of Montreal, and was appointed caj)tain of the :')i(iio, of which he was part owner. At the vw\ of two years the /Initio was sold, and Captain (Jask'n was made outside manager of the company in Kingston. This is the largest transportation company in Canada, and the interest it I'epre- sents is, perhaps, the most imjtortant, centi.-ing in the Limestone City. They not only own but iv'pair and even build vessels, this work being carried on in Kingston, which is thus one of the gi-eat shipbuilding centres of the Dominion. Captain (laskin's popularity, and his great abil- ity as a business man, led to his l>eing nominat- ed for alderman of the city, and for several vears he held a place at the council board. Tn 1SS2 his friends prevaileil upon him to accept the nomination for the mayoralty. His run in the election that followed was phenomenally succe.s.s- ful ; he defeated his (»ji|trder, he was legarded as one of the strong leading sjiirits of the <)rganir,a- tion. He has held many otKces in the (►range Order, and was for yeais County .Master of Frontenac. Up to the time of Orange incor- poiation, the ( )i(ler was not allowed to hold pro- perty in its own name, and was obliged to tind, in the diflerent localiti<'s where h dls had been erected and othei' pioperty acipiired, men who were thoroughly to be trusted to hold the pro- jHTty of the ImmIv. Tn Kingston, 'vhere theic 'vas a great deal of jiroperty of the Order, Caji taiii (iaskin was the man to whom his brethren IcMiked to j)erform this service, and he had thus for years many thousands of dollars of their pn.- perty in his hands. He has also been jiresident of the Irish Protestant IJenevolent Society, and was one of the founders and first president of the Protestant Protective Society. Tn ]>olitics, Cajttain (iaskin has always been a pronounced Conservative, and the success<)f his party in the Central Eastern !)istrict is in no small measuic due to his nevt'r-ending work and his gieat ])opuIarity. He is a member of the English Church. He was married on the 14th A]>ril, li^()7, to Mary ]\h'Alister, of Kingston, who died in 1(S75, leaving two boys and two girls. TU>BE1{T SEDCKWrCK, (,).C., Ottitirii. Out. t^VEli since the tini" of Confederation the J Province (jf Nova Scotia has furnished her full <|Uota <»f the men of hi<'h standiuirancl abil- ity reijuired to till imi>ortant official jiositions in connection with the govermnent of the Domin- ion, and among these may fairly Ih- reckoned the gentleman whose name appears at the head of this article, and who for several years past has filled the responsible office of Deputv-5lin- ister of Justice at ( )tt;iwa. liobert Scdgewick was born at Aberdeen, Scotland, ^lay 10th, 1S4S, his parents being the Tiev. T{f>bert Sedge- wick, T). 1)., and Anne Middleton, both natives of the same country. Kev. Dr. Sedgewick wa.-; a minister of the United Presbyterian Church, and for a number of years was pastor of the IJelmont-street U. P. Church in Aberdeen. He was a man of distinction b()th as a thinker and a writer, and was the author (tf numerous im- portant contributions to the literature of his time. Among these may be mentioned, "The Proper S|)here and Tnfluence of Women in Christian Society,' antl " Amusements for y i m- t i U'Gnir. h PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. MO Youtli," fill of wliicli iittr)u-l«'«l cniisidtruMt' ;it- («'iitiliciiti Novfi Sctitiii, Hiiil WHS iiuliu-tt'd us minislcr nf til" Vii'shytfiiim (iiii^ic^alinM at M iis(|iiiM|nlM>i(, ■vlicrt' lit- (lii'k«'trli rvo»'iv(Ml the iM-nctit of a ;,'«mkI ciluratioii, and ill iSti."?, at tlic a;.'i' i>f tiftcni, lie cntfit'd as an undi'r;,'radiiatcat I »allii>usii" ("i>llf;;(', Halifax. KS |ii> cntfird u|ion till' study of till- law in tin- oditf of tlic late Hon. Joliii Sandlit'ld Macdonald (then I'li-iiiii-r of Ontario), at ('orn\\all. In Nom'IiiIm'I-, IST'J, lit- was failed to tlir liar of ( Mitario, and in May of the followinj; year lie was admitted to tlu^ liar of Nova Seotia, settling,' in Halifax for the praetiee of his profession. Here in a short tiini' the younjj; advocate succeeded in huildini,' u]i an extensive practice, and he soon attained a hi.i;h plaeliriii<,' Sea matteis. In the coditicatioii of the laws on the --iibjecl of jiills of K.xclian;,'e and Pioini.s.sory Notes, which cimIc is to Ik' found in the Dominion Statutes of IS'.M), he tk a special interest, reiulerini; \ahi able ser\ ice ill connection with this important work. During the years ISDO and 1891 lie L'ave a liieat deal of attention to the draft iiij; of the Criminal Code of Canada, which was passed into law at the session of 1S92, and which is the largest piece of le;.;islat i\ (■ work e\cr carried ihroiiirli the Canadian Parliament. in reli;;ioii, .Mr Sedj;ewick is a Prote.stant and an adher- ent of the Presbyterian Church. In |S7-i he m.irried .Mary Siitlierland, eldest dau;;liter of the late William .Mackay, of Halifax, N.S. HON. SIP J. P. I{. .\. C.\HoN, K.C.M.C., I5.C.L., g.C, M.P., Otftnni, Out. HON. Sl|{ JOSEPH PHILVPPK HHNK ADOLPHK CAPON, K.C.M.C, P..C.L., Q.C., M.P., Postmaster-(!eieral of Canada, is a native of the city of C^uebec, where he was born in 184;?. He is the vepre.-ientative of a family, many of whose members have won liijih places in the public ser\ ice, or ;iained "^reat reputation in other walks of life. His father, the late Hon. Pent' Ed<)uard Cai'on, was, at one time, the Lieuteiiant-(io\eriior of Quebec. The present Postmaster-deneral began his education at the Seminary of Quebec, and graduated theiuH- to old Laval University, tinishing his course in Mc- (Jill. He carried on his studies in his chosen ])rofessi()n of the law at tli»^same time, studying tirst under L. (i. l>aillarge, (^.C, an eminent member of tlie bar, and afterwards with Hon. 3lr. Rose, since rtfolios in the adiiiinis- tiation of the day. He has always sliowis him- self to Ih' an industrious and praetieal iiieiiilier of the Houw, anil those who in the early days of his pariiaiiientary eareer ol)sei\t'd him closely, had no ditHculty in jnedictini,' that sooner or later he must obtain suhstantial recoj,'iutioii of his aliilities. Tlie late Sir . John A. Macdonald always ke})t a sharj) watch upon his followers, and had unerrinji jud<;ment in choosiiii; men of talent t(» assist him in the duties of administra- tion. He j)ei«r. Caron was called ujion to take tin- vacant jilace. He was sworn in ritisli Commons were when the Man- chester Radical, Joseph Chamberlain, tirst ad- dressed them, and they found him, instead of rouyh and uncouth, the most stylish-lk- iiii,' man amonut his dress liefore going into battle as the Ijelle of the season is alnjut her toilet when preparing to wait upon royalty. Sir Adolphe Caron liim- self is a sti'iking example of the same pecu- liar make-up. In 1885, like a thunderlx)lt from a cleai' sky, came Riel's .second rebellion in the North-West. There were misgivings in English- speaking Canada, l)ecause the same French blood that flowed in the veins of the rel)el leader marked the nationality of the Minister of Mili- tia to whom must fall the task of suppressing the revolt. There was not a moment's hesita- tion, however, on the part of the minister, and before forty-eight hours had passed all Canatla felt that a man who in (le«-isioii and force of character was tit to lead the forces in lh<' field had charge of flic work in hand. 'I'he outbreak t be thought of and provided for. These things wfK' done, and well done. It is doubtful if there is to be found in the history of ordinary wars a record showing more promptness of decision and action than was displayed by the Militia hepartmeiit of Canada in putting dow ntliis rebellion. Certainly the strong, common sense policy juirsued at liead- ([uarters received high commendation from mili- tary authorities abroad. His Excellency the (•over!ior-(ieneral. Lord I«ansdowne, who is a gentleman of very suj)erior judgment, recog- nized the ethciency of the minister in this time of peril, and had no hesitation in recommending that the head of the Department should have recognition from the Crown. That recognition came in the form of knighthood, a distinction which the minister eminently deserved. On the death of Sir .John Macdonald, when Hon. •). .1. C. Ablnitt was called upon liy His Exceileney Lord Stanley of Preston, (!overnoi-(Jeiieral. to form an administration. Sir Adolphe Caron was asked to continue in office as Minister of ^Militia, pending the reconstruction of the cabinet, which ccmld not well be arranged at once. This he agreed to do. When the time for reconstruc- tion came, the new Premier endorsed the choice of his illustri(»us jnedecessor, and asked Sir Adolphe Caion to take the more lal)oriou.s, in some sense more important, office of Postmaster- (ieneral. He was sworn in o.i the 'li)\.\\ of Janu- ary, 1S!)2. Sir Adolphe is member foi- Rimouski, in the present Parliament, having been elected, despite the fiercest opposition, by a good ma- jority. He ran also in Quebec county, but, owing to local jeahmsie.s, was defeated. It goes without saying that Sir Adolphe is a stalwart Lilieral-Conservative. He is the leader of his party in the Quebec district, and has done much to prevent weakness, which under a le.ss skilful leader would have attended the reconstrrction of the cabinet. Sn' Adolphe was married in 1807, to Alice, only daughter of the late Hon. Francois Baby, who represented vStadacona division in thj Legislative Council of Canada for many years. r. -»•■ .i. HON. SIR J. P. R. A. CARON, K.C.M.G., B.C.L.. Q.C.. M.P.. Ottawa, Ont. 4- 92 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. HON. SIR D. A. SMITH, LL.D., K.C.M.G., M.P., Montreal, Que. HON. SIR DONALD ALEXANDER SMITH, LL.D. [Canlah.), K.C.M.G., M.P., President of the Bank ot" Montreal, President and Chancellor of McGill University, etc., Montreal, was Ixjrn in Morayshire, Scotland, in the year 1821 — a year noteworthy in the history of the company with which he wjis destined to be so lon<^ and so intimately con- nected. It was, indeed, in that year that the union of the Hudson's Bay and North West Companies was accomplished, the new organi- zation Ijeing known by the name of the more ancient establishment It was in the same year that a young Scotchman, whose ability had already been recognized by his colleagues in the London office, was elected to till the import- ant position of Governor, a post w Inch he occu- pied with credit for nearly forty years. That young man was Sir George Simpson, who lived long enough to welcome the eldest son of iiis sovereign to his residence at Lachine, the com- pany's eastern headijuartere, but not long enough to witness the accomplishment of changes in his North-Western domain, which he had vaiidy de- precated and les'sted. At the date of his death, his successor of later years and altered conditions was in the prime of manhoretl King Charles was so generous, had been reaping the peltry harvest of a yearly ex- panding domain, the value of which, for coloni- zation and culture, had been kept a profound se- cret. Sir Geoi'ge Simpson had, it is true, in the record of his travels, sometimes allowed !iis en- tiuisiasm to get the better of his 2)rudence, and had made disclosures which he subsecjuently found it difficult to explain away. Tiie move- ment westward Iwul then l»egun, and the federal project was Hearing itsltirth throes. A strange kind of cherub st(»od with drawn sword at tiie entrance <»f the Eden for which Canada was yeaiiiing, and not without bloodshetl was the com|uest achieved. With the events of that troul)lous time, iu which the prairie province had its nativit}-, Mr. D. A. Smith was closely and fortunately associated. He had Ijeen identi- fied with the settlement in the years of its iso- lation ; he liad played a leading part in resisting the wild revolt of a mistaken people, umler a fanatic who, in the seijuel, having twice defied authority, paid the penalty of his oflences. Mr. Smith lijul reluctantly tolerated a reign of terror, due to sui'prise and tieacheiy, and the distance of the settlement from the centres <»f power and means of aid. He had, under the circumstances, ac(iuitted hhnself with characteristic g(M»d sense, courage and consideiation for otheis, and, after the revolt had been (juelled, lie was made a special connnissioner to encjuire into the causes, nature and extent of the insurrection. With what conscientious thoroughness, impartiality and discretion he tlischarged the task, no student fif the history of the times is unfamiliar. He received the special thanks of the Governor- (ieneral-in-Council. After the admission of the North- West into the Dominion, and the orgiini- zation of Manitoba as a })roviiice, Mr. Smith was elected to the Assembly, where he represent- ed Winnipeg and St. John from 1871 till 1874, when he resigned to give liis entire attention t(t his duties as a member of the Federal Pailia- ment. He had borne a two f<»ld mandate dur- ing the period just mentioned, sitting in both the House of Ct»mnK)ns at Ottawa and the As- sembly at Wiiniipeg. In 1874, and again in 1878, he was re-elected. In 1887, Sir Donald Smith, who had in the previous year been cre- ated a Knight Connnander of the Order of St. Michael and St. George, was asked to stand for Montreal West, which had for some years been represented by the late Mr. M. H. Gault, and he was letuined by a large majority over his op- ponent, and in 1891 he was re-elected to the Conmions. Although in his pijlitical career he has su{)ported the policy of Protection, and sid- ed with the party in whose jtrogrannne it was the salient feature, his course has been marked by characteristic independence, and no influence can make him swerve to left or right from the straight line of what he deems to l>e his duty. A'though, as the last resident Governor -if the Hudson's Hay Comjtany, of which he is still tiie Canadian iiead, Sir Donalil Smith's name will always be connected with the closing years of tiiat remarkable institution, his present com- Dianding position is due to his rel.;tions with ot' corporations and enterprises. He was h . !( ^ diii'ctor of the Canadian Pacific Itaiiway, aiiv. membei' of its executive connnittee at a critical stage in the company's career and work, and !iad the lionour of driving the final spike which made our great inter-oceanic Iinea_/ai< «c- I ♦ -^f- 4 HON. SIR D. A. SMITH, LL.D., K.C.M.G.. M.P. Montreal, Que. - i 94 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. ccmpH at Craigellachie, on the 7 th of November, 1885. On the precetliiig day, the late Prime Minister, Sir John A. Macdonald, had received from Lord Lansdowne, Governor-General, a let- ter announcing the receipt of Her Majesty's congratulations on the completion of the road, and a copy of this letter had been telegraplied to the Hon. D. A. Smith, then on his way across the continent by the fii-st through train. The following reply was sent to the Secretary of State, the Hon. Mr. Chapleau : — " North Bend, via Donald, B.C., 7th Nov. — The an- nouncement in your message just received is most gratifying to my colleagues of the Cana- dian Pacific Railway and myself, and our satis- faction is great in having this morning been able to lay the last rail, and pass over it with our through train from Montreal to Port Moody, where we expect to arrive at ten to-morrow (Sunday) morning. — Donald A. Smith.'" On the occasion of Sir Donald's visit to London in July (jf the succeeding year (1886), the Canadian residents of that grext met'opolis, some 250 in number, presented him with an address, in which they gave expression to the extreme satisfaction with which they had witnesswl the Queen's recognition of his eminent services. The address, which was splendidly illuminated, made mention of Sir D. A. Smiths share in that great undertaking, the Canadian Pacific Railway, to his indomitable courage a. id enterprise in opening up and de- veloping the Nortli-Wcst, to his magiiiticent en- dowments on behalf -)f female education, to his generous contrilnitioiis to deserving schemes of benevolence and philanthropy. The address was presented at a largly attended meeting, presided over by that eminent promoter of learning in Canada, Mr. Peter Redpath, in the Conference Hall of the Colonial and Indian Ex- hibition. From the date of his appointment as a member of the Executive Council of the North- West to the present, Sir Donald Smith has tilled many otKces of importance. It was in the course of things that the demands on his time and influence would increase after he had taken up his permanent residence in Monti'eal. Before he had made that beautiful structure a centre of art culture in Canada's commei'cial metropo- lis, he had been conm^cted in high otticinl ca- pacities with tlie Mitchell Steamship Company ; with the Bank of Maiiitenefactor. Sir Donald Smith, incieased his endowment to SI 20,000, separate provision was made for the ordinary work throughout the whole college course." The direct results of this endowment are already lemarkable ; as for its indirect results in the stimulation of effort and generosity, they are augmenting yearly, and future generations will look back with gratitude on the timely initiative and supplemental donations of Sir Donald Smith. But, if in the domain of knowledge, his contem- poraries have to thank his opportune aid, a still larger debt of thankfulness is due to him for what he has done in the province of philan- thropy. Of all the loyal acts of recognition that greeted the jubilee of our gracious Queen, there was none that gave Hfi- Majesty moie pleasure than the endowment by Sii- Donald Smith and Lord Mountstephen of the Victoria Hospital of Montreal, with the rarely prece- dented offering of £250,000 sterling. The grand edifice — a very temple of Esculapius, nay rather of the sweetest and strongest and most enduring of the Christian graces — has just l)een completed, and is now in beneficent opera- tion. It is situated on Pine avenue, just at the base of Mount Rttyal, not far from Ravenscrag, the resilience formerly of the late Sir Hugh Allan, and now of his son, Hugh Montagu Allan, Esquire, jiiid is one of the grandest architectural ornaments of the city. Sir Don- ald Smith's ii'sthetic tastes are in unison with his generous promotion of leaining and his mu- nificent aid to the relief of suflt'ering humanity. Not without reason, indeed, an earlier genera- tion gave tiie name of " humanities "' t(» what was then deemed the most imjiortant branch of academical culture, foi- it is as true to-day as ever that the love of letters "softens men's ►•■♦•1 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 95 mfinners and mitigates their ferocity." Those who would sever the love of art or learning from the love of mankind err in their estimate of facts as well as in principle. At any rate the elements are kindly mixed in Sir Donald, and his devotion to art and all wholesome knowledge has not lessened his desire to relieve the suffer- ings of his fellow-men. May he live long to see the harvest of the seed that he has sown I Among the pictures in, his gallery are works by the great mastei"s of the Dutch sch(M)l, and some of the most aihnired creations of the mf desert by native artists, who have ever found in hiin a judicious jus well as liberal patron. Sir Donald Smith clu - his consoit in the circle of the Hudson Bay Jompany's offi- cials, Lady Smith being a daughter of the late Mr. R. Hardisty, wlio in early life had served in the aniiy, but who had given his riper years to the advancement of the company's interests. Tlieir daughter is the wife of Dr. R. J. B. How- ai-d, son of the late Dr. Roliert Palmer Howard, for many years the able and esteemed Dean of the Medical Faculty in McGill University. JAMES TRAILL SHEARER, Montreal, Que. JAMES TRAILL SHEARER, contractor, Montreal, is a specimen of what well-direct- ed energy and perseverance can a. omplish. Born at Rosegill, parish of Dunnet, not many miles from far-famed John ()"(ii-oat's, Caithness- shii-e, Sc(»tland, on the .31st of July, 182L', he received his education in the parish school of Dunnet, and at Castletown, in the same county. Leaving school liefore he liad scarcely entererl his teens, he was obliged like many a lad in tlie far north of Scotland, to l)egin work early, and was accordingly apprenticed to a carpenter and millwright in the village of Castletown, and with him he faithfully served the alloted term. To perfect himself in his trade, he removed to AVick, and worked for alniut a year under D. Miller, a builder, who was erecting a church in Putney town. When he reached his twenty- lirst year he resolved to try his fortune in Can- ada, and taking passage in a sailing vessel, on .30th May, 1848, reached Montreal, where he has since resided. Shortly after his arrival he entered the employ of Edward Maxwell, an extensive carpenter and builder, as a gej^eral house-joiner and stair-builder, branches of the busijiess at which he was very proficient. After terminating a three years engagement witli Mr. Maxwell, he went to Queljec city to take charge of tlie joiner and carpenter work on a new l)oml)-pnK»f hospital then being built by the British (Jovernment on Cape Diamond. Fin- ishing the job to the entire satisfaction of the Biitish officers in charge, he returned to Mont- real, and began the study of steamlniat archi- tecture, especially cabin woik, and smjn Itecame an adept at the business. Work flowed in upon him, and lie found many customers, among others the late John Molson and David Tor- rance, for whom he fitted up many steamboats for the St. Lsiwrt.ice and Ottawa livers, and he still carries on very extensively this branch of business, along with the manufacture of other kinds of woixl-wojk for house-building pu!"- poses. ^Ir, Shearei' is the inventor of what is known as the IkiIIow riK)f, for houses and large jmblic buildings, which is considered the l)est suited for the climate of Afontreal. This rr of Montreal and prevent the HwMlingof the city, but owing to the strong oppctsition urged against it by the Grand Trunk autho-ities, he has had to abandon it for the present. However, it will have to be consider- ed at no distant day. If once adopted it will greatly improve the harlxir of Montreal, and prove a source of wealth to the inliabitants. The plans are ncfw in the possession of the Do- minion government, and although he has twice applied for an act of incorporation for the " St. Lawrence Bridge and Manufactuiing Company," who are pi-epared to carry it to completion, he has not yet succeeded in getting this company incoi-porated. Mr. Shearer a few years ago designed and built for himself a house on Mount Royal, and it is perhaps the l)est finish- ed house in that city of fine dwellings, all the internal work Vjeing of puiely Canadian wcmhI. The view from it is most charming, and cannot be surpassed in the Dominion. A visitor can take in at a glance the Chambly hills. Belle Isle, Mount Johnston, the River St. Liiwn-nce for many miles, the Victoria bridge and La- chine rapids, and the full extent of tlie Iwauti- ful city of Montreal. In politics, Mr. Shearer is a Liberal, and in religion one of those who does his own thinking, and luus no objection to others doing the same. He was married in ilontreal, on the 2.3rd of June, 1S4S, to Eliza Graham, and the fruit of the union has been eight children. Personally, Mr. Shearer is en- dowed with those (jualities which have gained for liim the esteem of a large circle of friends. [ 1 I- 96 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. EDWARD GASTON DEVILLE, Ottawa, Ont. EDWARD GASTON DEVILLE, Suivoyor- General of Dominion Lands, C)ttawa, was born in 1849 at La Charite Sur Loire Nievre, France. He is a retired officer of the Frencli navy ; and was educated at the Naval School, Brest. He had charge of extensive hydro- graphic surveys in the South Sea Islands, Peru and other countries. In 1874 he retired froni the navy and came to Canada. Sliortly after his arrival, he entered the employ of the Quelx'c Government, where he remained from 1874 to 1879, as In.spector of Surveys and Scientific Ex- plorer. In 1877 he was commissiimed as pro- vincial land surveyor; and in 1878 he was ap- pointed examiner of masters and mates for the {X)rt of Quel)ec. In 1878, he was commis.sioned as Dominion land and topographical surveyor; and he was appointed a meml)er of the Ixtard of examiners for Dominion land surveyors the same year. He Ijecame inspector of Dominion land surveys in 1881, and in 188.5, he was appointed Surveyor-General of Canada. He is a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society, and of the Royal Society of Canada, and is in the section of mathematical, physical and chemical sciences He is the author of " Astronomic and (Geodetic Calculations," and of several able scientific papers. He married, in 1881, Josephine, daugh- ter of Hon. G. Ouimet, late Premier oi Quel)ec. HON. FRANK SMITH, PC, 'foroiifo, Out. THE name of the Hon. Frank Sniitli, Senator and member of the Queens Privy Council foi' Can.wla, is one of the l)est known in com- mercial and political circles throughout the Do- minion. His career alTords an excellent example of what may be accomplished in this country by a man who is possessed of energy and in- telligence, combined with l)usiness integrity and uprightness of character, and .i lauda))le ambi- tion to rise in the world. Mr. Smith is of Irish birth, having l)een born in the county ()f Armagh, March l.'Jth, 1822. His parents wen^ Patrick Smith, a well to do farmer, and his wife Elizabeth, whose maiden name was Hu;,'hes. He was one of a family of four children, three of whom were boys. In 18.32 the father emi- grated with his children to Canada —Mrs. Smith having died previously and came direct to Toronto, thee, called Little York. Soon afterwards the l;ead of the family purchased a plot of land on the lake shore between tite city antl Port Creusiness way. In his case the boy was distinctively the father of the man : From the plodding genei-al utility boy at a salary of i^!.") ])er month he grew t<. be the leading wholesale dealer in his line in ti>e Do- minion, handling a trade that aggregated hund- icds of thousands of dollars annually. S(» suc- cessful has been Mr. Smith's career, now that I I HON. FRANK SMITH, P.C., Toronto, Ont. 98 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. he has given up active business, he can stiy with parflonalile pi-ide that lie never in his life re- quired t^) have a note renewed, nor flid he neetl an endorser. Tliree years after coming to To- rontij, he huilt the well-known premises in 'hich he subsecjuently carried on business on Front- st., and which were ncjted as being in design and adaptation to the purposes for which they were ei'ected among the l)est in America. On the 12th of April, 1891, Mr. Smith sold out his entire wholesale business, with the premises and grocery stock, to Messrs. Eby, Blain tk Co., and the liquors to Messrs. Adams it Burns, and re- tired after a long and happy ex}>eiience with business men all over Canada. But it is not alone in trade circles that Mr. Smith has made his mark as a progressive citizen of the country. This, his prominent association with numerous and important financial enterj)rises amply testi- fies. In connection with these enterprises, his shrewd foresight and great executive ability have placed him in the fi-ont rank. Since 1873 he has been on the directoiate of the Dominion Bank, of which he is now Vice-President, and he holds a similar jKtsition in the Dominion Telegraph Coy. He is al.so President of the Home Savings and Loan Coy of Toronto, and of the London it Ontaiio Investment Co'y, as well an a dii'ectttr of the Noith American Life Insurance Company, also director of Consumers' Gas Company and Toronto General Trusts Com- pany. For nine years he was President of the Northern Railway Company, and on the tabsorptioii of that line by the (Jrand Trunk he was chosen one of the Canadian Directors of the latter corpoiation, a position which he still holds. In connection with railway enterprise, one scheme which he carried out is worthy of special mention, namely, the building of the Muskok;\ blanch of the Northern R. R. This work Mr. Smith took hold of when there was not a dollar to back it ; he formed a company, of which he was unanimously cho.sen president, financed the scheme, built the road and finally sold it to the Northern on such terms that every stockholder was paid in full with ten per cent interest on his investment, together with l'2i pel' cent Ixmus. Another import«int work with which his name has been prominently as.sociated is the T<»ronto Street Railway. In 1881 he purchased a controlling interest in the road, which had been i.. operation for twenty -one yeaTs, but was not in a prosperous condition. He was, however, wi'ling to p;iy *2r)0,000 cash and to endeavor to make the institution a well- lUiMiaged and etftcient one ; and. in this design, he succeedefl in accom])lishing in a very great measure all that he undertook. The entire sys- tem was vastly improved and a more etticient service supplied. In proof (jf this it may Ije pointed out that whereas only 180 horses were utilized (m the line in 1881, last year (1890) there were no less than 1,372. Mr. Smitli has always taken a strong interest in public ;' (fairs, and though not himself coveting ortice, his in- fluence has had a marked effect on all questions to which he gave his attention. In London he was elected to the aldennanic lM)ard .seven times in succession, and during his last year (1867) of office in the council he was chosen mayor of the city. In }M)litics he was originally a Re- former and a staunch supporter of the late Sir Francis Hincks. He was, however, one of those Liberals such .as Sir Francis Hincks, Sir Leonard Tilley, Sir A. T. Gait, Wm. McDougall C.B., and others, who at the time of Confederation, joined the Ctmservative leaders in the formation of the Liberal-conservative party, and to which he has lieen warmly attached ever since. Sir John Macdonald, with his usual astutene.ss, was not slow to recognize Mr. Smiths ability and influence in a political .sense, and he was called to the Senate in 1871. In 1878 he was made a member of the Dominion Cabinet — without a portfolio, however, his extensive business in- terests precluding the possibility of his under- taking the management of a department. This position he still retain.s. In 1882, July 29th, he was sworn in a member of the Privy Council. Though not a very prominent flgure in militaiy circles, Mr. Smiths record is a good one in this respect. He received a commission as captain in the Middlesex militia under Sir Edmund Head's administration, which he still holds ; he also served on the loyaliat .side during the Mackenzie rebellion of 1837, and in 186G he, with other loyal Canadians at London, off"ered his services to a.ssist in repelling the Fenian raid. In religion the lion, gentleman is a Roman Catholic, having Ijeen born and bixiught up in that faith, and is a liberal supporter of l:is church, though at the same time noted for his tolerant views respecting other denominations. In 1852, Sept. 7t'ii, he married Mary Theresa, a native of Dublin, Ireland, and daughter of the late John O'Higgins, J. P. of Stratford, by whom he had issue even children, and of whom two sons and three daughters are living. His eldest daughter is married to Mr. John Foy, manager of the Niagara Na\ igation Coy, and the second to Mr. Bruce McDonakl, an em- ploy^ of the Ontario (jrovernment. His .sons are at present serving in the North-West mounted police. In private life Senator Smith is known as a generous and warm-hearted man, ever ready to as,sist in pnjiiKiting g- nuito townshij), loimty of Peel, Jan. 1, 1H42, and lliroujfli liis j>jii('nt.s is of Scottish descent. William (iihson, his futher, wtis a native of (Jlaminis, Forfarshire, Scotland, and caiiie to Canar. J. H. .Sanftster, he made such rapid proj^ress that he siwin l>ecame the leadin^' student in the Hamilton schcxils. Subse- (jueMtlv he attended the Tori>nto University, where his career was one of unusual Itrilliancy. He juissed his matriculation examination in 1S.")9, and durin.A., and was winner of the Prince of Wales" prize as the most distiiifiuished f;radu- ate of the year. Durinj^ his colle<;e course he de- voted himself mainly to the study of languaj^es, and with such success that he was awai'ded silver medals in the departments of Classic and Modern Languages, and also won the prize in Oriental Languages. He received the degree of ^F.A. in ISG \. Aftei' leaving College he entered ujM»n the study of law in the office of Messrs. Burton, Sad- lier A: Bruce, and during the term of his articles he took the law ccturse at Toronto University, receiving in 1S69 the degree of LL.B., and the gold medal of the faculty. Tn Michaelmas tenn, 1867, he was called to the Bar, and a year later entered into partnei'ship with Mr. F. MacKelcan, Q. C, with whom he has ever since been associated. During the interven- ing years, the tinn has been known as one of the highest i-epute and it has always had a large and lucrative practice. At vari- ous peiifids the personnel of the tirm has l)een changed, though not with respect to the rtriginal members ; at present its tirm title is ^lessrs. MacKelcan, (Jibson, (Jansl)y .t Martin. From an early age Mr. (Jibson took an active interest in p)Htics as a warm supporter of the Liberal party. Foi- many years he held the ortice of Secretary of the Refoi'Ui Association of Hamiltcm, and in every campaign since Con- federation he has been one of tlie most indefa- tigable workers for his party. Tn IH79, on the retirement of the late J. M. Williams from jiublic life, he was chosen as the Reform candi- date for the L«'gislature, and after one of the hardest fought campaigns ever known in the city he defeated Mr. Hugh Murray, the Con- servative candidate, by a majority i>f (V2 votes. At the general elections in IHcS.'J and Ifk his seat in the Local Legislature. Tn lfealing to his constituents, after his accession to the ministry, he wa.s elected by acclamation. That Mr. Gibson is singularly ([ualified fe regarded as a Conservative Liberal, to whom sudden changes or " leaps in the dark " are un- congenial. He is level-headed to a degree, creates no enmity even among his opponents, and as years go by his strength in the cabinet will increase— assuredly it will not diminish. He is a gentleman with whom no Liberal ad- ministration in Ontario can afford to dispense, and whose usefulness to the province can lie l>est secured through the machinery of his offi- cial life as a cabinet minister. The constitu- ency of Hamilton is politically Con.servative, yet Mr. (iibson has been four times elected M.P.P. for that city, a distinction which could probiibly not be assigned as possible to any other candidate of the Liljeral party in the rid- ing. It may l)e assumed that the Hon. the Provincial Secretary will occupy a place on the fl(K>r of the Assembly while he lives, and that while his party are in power he will continue to be a pronunent figure in the cabinet of the da. . Mr. Gibson has also for a lengthened period occupied a Icfuling position in cf»nnection with military affairs, in which he lir.s taken an active part e\er since he was alxiut eighteen years of age. At the time when the Trent affair (in 1861) threatened the peaceful relations subsist- ing l)etween the Empire and the United States, he was one of the first to enroll in the Univer- sity Kifie Company attached to his alma mater, along with other men of his year, and with a numl)er of the professors. On leaving the Uni- versity he joined the 13th Battalion, of Hamil- ton, as a private in the ranks, and has since steadily risen from one position to another unjtil in 1886 he succeeded Lt.-Col. Skinner as com- mander of the regiment, a position which he stili holds and for which he is eminently quali- fied both by education and experience. In 1865 he attended the military school at Hamilton, taking a first class ct;rtificate, and alnjut the same time he received a commission as ensign He was with the V)attalion at Ridgeway, in 1866, and was lieutenant of the leading com- pany, in supporting the Queen's Own of To- ronto, in the skirmish with the Fenians. As a nii.rksman he has, by his splendid performances on numerous occasions, gained the reputation of l)eing one of the best shots in the Dominif>n. He was a member of the Wimbledon teams in 1874, '75 and '79, taking a foremost position on each occasion. In the last named year he suc- ceeded in carrying off the Prince of Wales' prize of .£100 and badge, a feat second in importance only to the winning of the Queen's prize. On this occasion he also tied the winner in the Olympic, or Snider championship, match. He commanded the Canadian team at Wimbledon in 1881, when it defeatetl the British team in the match for the Kolapore cup. In 1876 he was also a member of the Canadian team in the great international match at Creedmore, and in 1882 he commanded the team which for the first time defeated the Americans in long range rifle-shooting. He has Wen for a long peri*Kl a meml)er of the council of the Dominion Rifle Association, was for three years president of the Ontario Rifle Assf>ciatif)n, held the .same jKisition for many years in the famous Vic- toria Rifle Club of Hamilton, and is now presi- dent (»f the Canadian Military Rifle League. Mr. (Jibson is also well known for the deep interest he has always taken in educational affairs in Hamilt«^»n. For a long perifKl he was a member of the Board <»f Education, during two years of which pericnl he was chaiiinan. He was one of the first meml)ers elected to the Senate ot Tf)ronto Uni\ersity under the Act of 187.3 re-constituting the Senate, and still remains a meml)er, having l)een re-elected in all sul)sequent elections. He was examiner in the Faculty of Law iii 1872 and 1873. The Ham- ilton Art School, now well known as one of the most efficient of such schf)ols in the country, is indebted for its original establishment to Mr. Gibson, he having 'levoted a great deal of per- sonal energy and effort to pla^-e it on a strong and permanent basis. He wa." pre.sident of this school for five years. In coiinection with secret .societies he is prominently known as a Freema.son, having joined the Order as far back as 1867. He is a Pa.st Ma.ster of Strict Observance and Temple liKlges, a Past First Principal of St. John's Chapter, R.A.M., Past Grand Superintendent of the Hamilton dis- trict of the Grand Chapter of Canada, and Past District Deputy Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Canada. In 1890 he was elected De- puty Grand Master of the Grand Lodge and was re-elected in 1891, and next year it is expected that he will l>e promoted to the position of Grand Master. He has, also, for many years, Ijeen a prominent memlier of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Masonry, which may he said to have its headquarters for the Domin- ion in Hamilton. He has held the position of presiding officer of the Ro.se Croix Chapter and Moore Sovereign Consistory, of Hamilton, and, having received the 33rd degree, is a meml)er of the Supreme Council for the Dominion. For the past two years he has been president of St. Andrew's Society, Hamilton, and is a meml)er of the 'toards of many of the benevo- lent institutions of that city. Mr. Gibson has been married three times. His first wife was Emily Annie, daughter of the late Ralph HON. J. M. GIBSON, Hamiltcn, Ont. \ — 102 PROMINENT }fEN OF CANADA. BiiTt'll, of London. Ont., wlioni he married Oct. 26, 1869, and who died June :i, 1874. His second wife, whom he married Sej.teml»er 2!), 1876, was Caroline, second dau<{hter of the late Hon. Adam Hope, Senator. She died Oct. 0, 1877. Tn 1881, May 18th, he married Eliz- abeth, daughter of the late Judge Malloch, of Brockville, and by whom he has five children. In all the relations of social and private life Mr. (libsons reconl is alxtve reproach. He is courteous in manner, genial and kind to all with whom he comes in contact, and his char- acter is marked )»y those attributes which ever distinguish the high-minded and honourable among men. HON. ED(iAR DEWDNEY, C.E., P.C, Ottnn-a, Out. FEW names have been more intimately as- sociated with the affairs of the great North- West Territories during the past twenty- five years than that of Hon. Edgar Dewdney, Minister of the Interior, and Superintendent- General of Indian Affairs, and any sketch of his career, however brief, must of necessity form an important part of the history of that portion of Canada's domain. He was lx)rn in 1835, in Devonshire, England, where he received his edu- cation, and in 1859, while still a young man, he came to British Columbia, then a Crown colony, v\ ith a view to practising his profession of civil engineer. His business prospered rapidly, but not without many uphill struggles at fii-st, dur- ing which he experienced many of the hard- ships and adventures incident to pioneer life. He devoted a great deal of his time U) the ex- ploration of those portions of the province which were at, that time comparatively little known, and there is pntbably na white man to- day who is better actjuainted with every part of that vast section of the country. Almost from the time of his arrival, he took an active inter- est in the public affairs of the province ; the energy and zeal which he displayed se»r»n won for him the peaks for itself. At the lime of his appointment, none of the Indian bands, with but one or two e.\cej)tin him with marked zeal and discre- tion. On the 3rd December, 1888, he was offer- ed a portfolio in tlie Dominion Cabinet, and in August of the same year he was sworn of the Privy Council and appointed Minister of the In- terior, and p.r-ojfirio Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs, which position, as already indi- cated, he still occupies. On his accession to the ministry, he was once more elec'ed by acclama- tion for Assiniboia East, which was rendered vacant by the appointment of Mr. Perley, the sitting member, to the Senate, and at the last general election he was returned for the same constituency by an overwhelming majority. Of Mr. Dewdney, personally, it maybe said that he is a gentleman (jf commanding pi-esence, endow- ed by natui-e with the kindliest disposition, with fine qualities of head and heart, and he enjoys the warm esteem of a large circle of friends. In 18o4, March 28, Mr. Dewdney married Jane Shaw, eldest daughter of Stratton Moir, Esq., of Colombo, Ceylon. Mrs. Dewdney s caieer, like that of her husband, has been marked by ►U HON. EDGAR DEWDNEY, C.E., P.O., Ottawa, Ont. I 104 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. many interesting features. Her f.atlipp was a coffee plantei, a"fl naturally she saw all that phase of East Indian life. From Ceylon, tlie young t^wX was, like must otlu'i cliilihen of Eastern colcmists, sent home to Enjilaiul to Ite educated, and there she passed several years of the legulation Ixtard- ing-sch< Lieutenant-Governor), and the painful anxiety and actual trouble that she underwent at that trying time have left an abiding impi-es- sion on her mind. In society circles at the Cap- ital, where she now resides, Mis. Dewdney holds her place as a most estimable, refined and highly cultured lady. JOHN C. ROGER, Offatnt, Out. JOHN CHARLES ROGER, who has l)een a •' well-known citizen of Ottawa fof upwards of a quarter of a century, was born in the ancient city of Quebec, December 11, 1841. His father, Dr. Cliarles Roger, was a native of Dundee, Scotland, and canje to Canada in 1837, settling in the city of Quebec. His mother was also born in Scotland. Her maiden name was Dorothy McRobie, and she is a sister of the Rev. John McRobie, a prominent Presby- terian divine, now of Petrolia, Out. Dr. Charles Roger studied medicine in the University of Edinburgh, and also prepared himself for the ministry. He gave up both, however, to enter the Biitish army, in which he served a number of years ; and it was during the Mackenzie Papin- eau rebellion he came to Canada. In 1842, he obtained his discharge from the army, and afterwards devoted his attention to journalism, a vocation for which his superior literary attain- ments eminently fitted him. F<,'r many years he was known as one of the ablest journalists in the city of Quebec, filling atone time or another the position of editor of the Morniny CJnicff, Mercury, Co/onist, Gazette, and finally of the Observer. He was also connected with the Ottawa Tillies and Eveniiitj Mail, subsequent to which he was for about ten years in the sen-vice of the Dominion Government. Dr. Roger also distinguished himself as an author. Tlie foilow- insr are some of his works: "The Rise of Canada from Barbarism to Wealth and Civiliz- ation ; ' ".Quebec, as it was aiul as it is;" " Responsible Goveriniient a Sham ; Elective Government a Necessity ; " " Ottawa, Past and Present," and " Glimpses of London and Atlan- tic Experiences.'" He died tit Ottawa, July 29, 1889, at the residence of his son, with whom lie had spent the closing years of his life. John Charles Roger, the subject of our .sketch, at- tendetl the public and liigh schools in Queliec, where he receiveil a good practical education. After completing his studies he Ment to sea on Ijoard one of Hugh k Andrew Allan's sailing vessels, and spent two and a-lialf years " before the mast." Then abandoning a seafaring life, he s'-'-.ed his apprenticeship as a printer in the otHce of the Quebec (iiizette, of which his father was at that time editor. Al)out the year 18()2, he established a weekly paper, the Co/imist, in Millbrook, Durliam county, Ont., which he con- ducted ior two years, when lie solil it and returned to Quel)ec. In the following year (1865) he removed to Ottawa, where he obtained a position on the Daily Times. He " set up " the first article written for that pjiper, and remained in connection with it as an employe until 1873, when he joined Alexantler Mac Lean in purchasing the busines.s, and then was formed the firm of MacLean, Roger it Co. Sliortly after this, they sold tlie Times, on receiving the contract for the Dominion government printing. In connection with this work Mr. Roger was constantly engaged until the contract was taken over, (»n the organization of the Official Printing Bureau, in 1887. Since that time his attention, so far as business is concerned, has been occupied in connection with the Canada Granite Company, of which he is a member, and the Ottawa Granolithic tt Paving Company, of which he has In'en president since its organiza- tion in 1888. Mr. Roger t(K)k a leading part in the formation of lx)th these companies, and his shrewd business ability is recognized as a valu- able factoi' in the companies' operations, which have been very succfssful. He was also for some time a director of the Ottawa tt Vaudreuil Railway Company, and he holds a similar posi- tion in the Metropolitan Athletic Grounds Association. The only societies in which he takes a special interest are the S^. Andrew's and Sons of Scotland, of both of which he is a member. In politics, he is a Liberal-Conserva- tive, and in religion, a Presbyterian. In 1887, he was elected alderman for Rideau ward, which position he held till the close of 1891, serving the while as chairman of the Water Works com- mittee. In 1867, Mr. Roger married Elizabeth, daughter of the late Nicholas McTntyie, mer- chant, of Quebec, and has had issue ten children, of whom three sons and six daughters are living. Charles J., the eldest son, is manager of the Canada Granite Company, and the second, William H., is in the drug business, having passed a successful examination in the Ontario College of Pharmacy in the early part of 1891. Both in business circles and in private life, Mr. Roger has the reputation of Ijeing an honour- able man and a good citizen. -\- J. C. ROGERS, Ottawa, Ont. - ^i. lor, PRO MI KENT MEN OF C AX AD A. WILLIAM HENDIUE, //aini/tnti, Out. AMONG the repiesfiitative men (if (^^iiuulti that the ".Viiihitidus City " of Hamilton can claim as her own, is the well-known j^entle- man whose name is at the head of this article. William Hendrie is l)y l)irth a Scotchman, hav- ing Ijeen lK)rn in the city of Glasgow, in the year 1 S.'i 1 . He is a descendant, on the paternal side, of a family which left France during the religious persecutions of the seventeenth century and settled in Ayi-shire and Dum- friesshire. His parents. John and Elizjil)eth (Strathearn) Hendrie, luul a family of nine children, of whom seven are still living, name- ly : — Mrs. W. K. Muir and George Hentlrie, of Detroit, Mich. ; Mrs. James Smith, of Ayr, Scotland ; Mrs. M. Leggatt, Mi's. Alex. Gart- slutre, John Hendrie ami William Hendrie, the subject of this sketch, the last named lieing the eldest and a twin brother to Mrs. Muir. Mr. Hendrie received his education at the Glasgow high school, after leaving which he spent a couple of years in a law office in the same city. He was of tvM» active a temperament, however, for this avocation, anti in 18+8 he conmtenced his event- fu' career an a railway man on the Ghisgow and South- VV^estern railway. This he left in IHal to accept an appointment in the hesid office of the North-Eastern Railway at Newcastle- so distinguished in railway circles in America. In IHoo he received an appointment on the Great Western Railway of Canada, and came to Ham- ilton, which he made his permanent residence. Since that time his operations in connection with railways have lieen of greater magnitude, probably, than those of any other man in the Dominion. His fii-st connection witli import- ant contracts outside of his cartage business (which will l)e referred to later on), was the laying the pii)es of the Hamilton Water Works (jver thirty yeai-s ago, and the extension of the switches and station grounds of the (Jreat Western Railway west of Lontlon, one of the most extensive operations carried out on that line. AlM)ut the year 1870, he was asked by a number of influential men in Hamilton to un- dertake the c<;nstruction of the Wellington, Gi'ey and Bruce Railway from Fergus north. This Mr. Hendrie handled successfully, comi let- ing the system to Southampton and KincaT,.ine, with the exception of the piece o* r(»ad between Palmei-ston and Listowel, the contiact f(»r which Wiis let to another j)erson. Among other con- struction works which Mr. Hendrie carried out at this jiericKl, were the buihling (»f the Harris- burg and Brantford branch, (i. \V. R., the Can- tield .ind Welland division, and the Allanburg aikd Clifton Itranch joining the Air I^ine to the main line of the same i-oad at Susjiension Bridge. The last bit of work was done in an unprecedentedly sh<»rt time, only some six weeks l)eing occupied in the contract. At that time there was no charter in existence for this line, and as it wjis necessjiry to connect the two sys- tems without delay, the work, under Mi-. Hen- diie's guidance, was pusher! through with ex- traordinai-y rapidity. In conjunction with Messrs. Dawson, Synunes k Mitchell, and his sons, John S. Hendrie and James W. Hendrie, he built the Northern and Pacific Junction Railway from Gravenhurst to the junction of the Canadian Pacific at Liike Nipissing. In the State of Michigan he constructed the Detroit, Manjuette and ilackinaw road, and the northern division of the Jackson, Lansing and Saginaw, Ijesides d(jing a great deal of re-con- struction on the Detroit and Milwaukee. He was also interested in the building (»f the On- tario and Quel)ec rojid, his .sons, John S. and James W., having contracts on that system. But one of the most important busine.ss enter- prises with which Mr. Hendrie is connected is the cartage business ; he was, in fact, the or- ganizer of the present railway cartage system of Canada. V^ to the year 1855, the collection and delivery of freight in the cities was man- aged in a very loose and imperfect mannei*, ank Hamilton and all iM)i its west, Ixith the Great Western and (Jrand Trunk business. At that time Mr. Hendrie associated himself with his brother (reoige and formed the partnership of Hendrie it Co., and opened a cartage business in Detroit, Mich., where Mr. (Jeo. Hendrie went to reside, and still lives. In 1802, when Mr. Swinyanl was app^)inte\l to succeevl Mr. Brydges as manager <»f the Great Western, he made a change in the cartage arrangements, appointing the tirm of Hendrie it Co. sole agents for that road, and Mr. Brydges apr«)in ted John 8hedde:i it Cii. foi- the (irand Trunk exclusively, i^n this Itasis the two com[)anies continued to serve the railways until the (ireat Western was al)- sorbed by the (Jiand Trunk, when a division of territory tcKtk place, Hendrie it Co. ch.sing certain cities and towns, while Shedden it Co. took the remainder. Messrs. Hendrie it Co. always took special pride in the hoises used in their business, and it was from their stock that the special Remount Connnission (elsewhere re- ferred to as having been sent out by the British (iovei'nment) selected the horses, the standard of which they embcnlied in their rejxirt as l)eing the l)est type of the Canadian heavy draught horse, and the staff that made the humble cimi- menceuient with three horses in 1856, now re- <|uires three hundi'ed to accomplish the woik. Naturally a man of Mr. Hendrie's genius and ex- ecutive ability has always l)een accorded a high j)lace in the councils of the various oi-ganiza- tions with which he has l)een associated. He was at one time President of the Toronto), Grey and Bruce Railway, a Director in the Hamilton and Noith-Western, a member of the Executive Committee of the Northei-n and North-Western, and a Director of the Ontario and Quebec R. R. At present he occupies the positi(tn of President of the Ontario Cotton Co'y, of the Hamilton Bridge Co'y, and the Ontario and Q'Appelle Land Co'y, besides being Director of the Cana- da Life Assurance Co'y, Toront«» Ferry Co'y, Haujilton (Jas Co'y, Victoria Rolling Stock Co'y, and of some other organizations which are of a less public character. In Detroit the subject of this sketch is connected with the Detroit City Railway Co'y, and with the Gi-and River Street Railway Co'y, which organizations employ over 2,000 horses. He is also coiniected with several other lai'ge enterprises in which he occupies eithei' the presidency or the ])osition of director. In agricultural affairs Mr. Hendrie has always taken a heaity interest, and for over thirty years he has been a director, and a number <»f times president, of the Hamilt»m Great Central Fair Association, the organization of which was maiidy due tt> his efforts and those of Mr. Geo. Roach and the late Mr. Peter (Jrant. Always jmying special attention to stock-breeding, he has accomplished w(»nders for the farming connnuni- ty of Ontario by imjM»rting first-class animals. Yeare ago he bred Leicester and Cotswold sheep such as were not surpassed on this continent, but more recently he has given his princi[)al care to the breeding of heavy draught, tri>t- ting and thort»ughbi'ed horses, and at the principal fairs thrTJughout Canada and the United States he has always Iwen a lai'ge exhibitor «)f other classts of thon lughbred stock in cwldition to the ecjuine, and always with a large measure t)f success. So large has l>een Mr. Hendrie's success, that he has taken since the year i885 to 1890 on hoises alone, ten silver medals, 106 first prizes ank into the pros- pect of this country l)ei!ig able to supply the yearly (!♦ man('. required by the Imperial (lov- ernment ' n\ their arrival in Ottawa the Minister of A^iriculture jjave them a letter of introductior. to Mr. Heiulrie, knowinji that he c )uld he of <,'reat service to them. These gen- tlemen Col. (now General) Havenhill and Col. Phillips saw Mr. Hendrie, who <;ave them some valuable information in connection with their mission, but bein<:t unable Wmself to acc(»m[)any them tln-oujih the country, he dele- ^'ated his duty to his brother John, who escorted the dej)Utation all over Ontario. Sub- se(|ueritly, Mr. John Hendrie accompanied Col. (!.>l(lie on two similar trijts throufjh the province in 1)^S7 and ISSS. It is gratifying to know that in the summer of 1890, when Mr. Hendrie was at a review at Wsition in the Detroit business. Mr. Hendries first wife died July 14, 187.'{, and in September, 1875, he married ^lary, daughter of Alexander Murray, of Hamilton, by whom he has three children, two daughters and a son. Politically, Mr. Hendrie has always been in the van of Liberal-Conservative ranks in Canada, aiul he numbers amcmg liis friends the leaders of that party, fi-om the late veteran ])remiei'. Sir Jfihn Macdonald, down. Though not seeking political honours nor taking a conspicuous place in party contests, he is known as one of tiie substantial supjK)rters of the policy which he considers best for the country. In religion he is a Presbyterian. For the past thirty-tive years he has been a meml)er of the Central Presbyteiian church, was chaiiinan of tlie board of managers for ten years, and is now chairiiuiu of the Ijoanl of trustees of that church. Mr. Hendrie deservetlly enjoys a high reputaticm. From a business pctint of view his character is irreproachable ; in private life he is courteous and affable ; by nature he is large-hearted and generous. To the j>ossession of tliese and other characteristic (jualities he owes the sincere regard and admiration of a large circle of friends. Mr. Hendrie is in the full vigour of manlHxKl, and apparently h.is .still many years of usefulness l»efore him. DAVID MATHESOX, Ottawn, Ont. THE subject of this sliort sketch is a Scotch- man by birth, he having Ikhmi l)orn in the parish of Canisbay, near John O'Groats, Caith- ness-shire, on the 25th OcUtln-r, 1840, and emi- grated to Canada in 1861. Mr. Mathes(»n join- ed the civil seivice in 186.'5, and was apjxdnted piivate .secretary to the postmaster-general. In 1868 he, with another officer, was app>inted to organize the Post Office Savings Bank, and spe- cially designed the plan of accounts which has made the Canadian system of savings banks a credit to our own country, and a ukkU'I that other countries have Wen pleased to adopt. Mi-. Mathe- son, in recognition of his services, was ap|)oint- ed, in 1881, jussistantsuperijitendent of the Sav- ings Bank Branch of the P(»st Office depart- ment, and in February, 188S, he was made superintendent. WILLIAM WHITE, Ottnu-ti, Out. f lEUT COLONEL WILLIAM WHITE, the 1j Deputy Postmaster-General of Canada, wa.s Ikmii in London, England, on the 6th of January, 18;?0. His fathei-, whose clu'istian name wtis the same as his own (;is was also that of his grandfather), died when our subject was barely ten years old. His mother came to Canada in 1861, and diedin 1882, in the eighty- fifth year of her age. His fathers family have for many generations l)een settled in Devon- shire, where the even tenor of theii- lives seems t() have lieen but rarely disturlied. ^Ir. White was educated at a piivate sch(M>l near London, England, and shortly after leaving scIumiI he v/as apiMiinted (19th February, 1846), to the English Civil Service as a clerk in the General Post Office, S^ Martins le Grand. This ap- p<»intment he resigned in April, 1854, in wiiich year he came to Caiiiula. He remained at Goderich, in Western Ontario, during the sum- mer of 1854, and in Noveml)er of that year, entered the Civil Service of Canada as chief -^•-« ►•♦- no PROMINENT A:EN OF CANADA. clerk in the money order branch of the Post Office department. This positicjn he retained until Januaiy, 1861, when hu was promoted to the secretaryship <»f the department, and since that date he has been appointed Deputy Postniaste?'- (leneral. He was ijazetted a lieutenant in the 3nl Battalion of Toronto militia on -'Ust March, 1S.")9, and transferred to the unattached list on the 18th May, 1800. At the time of the Tr^-tif affair in 1861, he joined the Civil Service Ritle Company, and served as a non-connnissioned officer in that company, until the formati* n of the Civil Service RiHe Regiment. He com- manded a company in that regiment (conniii*<«ion as captain, dated 21st Septeml)er, 18(-<) until it was disbanded in l)eceml)er, 1868. He was aj)jjointed to the connnant (iuards to the 4."b(l Hattalion as lieut.-colonel, on the re-organization of the b>rd Ottawa and Carleton rifles, on the 5th August, 1881. He connnanded the Canadian team at Wimble- dins, in 1884. Colonel White was appointed in Junt', 18S0, a nuMnber of the Koyal Com- mission to eiKpiire into the Civil Seivice of Canada. He ha> never taken an active part in politics, and cannot be said to In-long to either of the two great ]>olitical parties. He mari'ied at St. (Jeoi'ges. Hanover S(|uare. London, on 1st October, 18.").H, Elizaln'th, daughter of (Jeorge Keen, of Tjiimbeth. H(^N. W. E. SANFUlil), //iniiiffDii. Out. AS one of Canadas mei'chant princes, and n- necticut, ai d one of its mendn'rs built Foit Saybre statt ' ihat it utilizes a capital of close uiK»n a million dollars, and j^ives employment to ahout two thousand }>eople, lepresentatives of the house visiting every secti«»n of the Dominion half- yearly. In VVinnipeg, where th( /e is a branch of the business, supplies for Manitoba and the North-West Territories, are issued from one of the most magnificent wholesale warehouses in the Dominion ; antl the Sanford block, on the corner of King and John Sts., Hamilton, is an establishment which well repays the visitor and sj)eaks for itself in regard to the magnitude of the business. In addition to the Winnij)eg hou.se there are branches in Toronto and Vic- toria, B. C, these l)eing centres from which travellers radiate, and are feeders for the main establishment in Hamilton. In jxtlitics, Mr. San- ford was for many years allied with the Reform party and was some time president of the Reform Association in Hamilton. But during the i"e- ginie of the Mackenzie administration he was one of those who unsuccessfully urged ujM)n the government the importance of making a change in the tariff, even on a revenue l)asis, to iissist the manufacturers of the country, who were la- bouring under g!'eat depression. The answer to this I'ecjuest w as that no change of tariff could l)e considei'ed foi; a mcjment. After Sir John Macdonald came into power, in 1878, Mr. San- ford considered that the policy which the right honourable gentleman intrcnluced was the best one for the country, and when he found that Sir John and his government were in earnest in the matter of carrying out their pledges, he al- lied himself with them. At this period he made his influence felt more strongly than ever, and in 1 88G, in the face of the strongest and bitter- est opposition from his old-time political friends, he organized the Manufacturers' Association, and was chiefly instrujuental in cai-rying the election in Hamilton that year for the Liberal- Conservative party. Mr. Sanfortl was electetl first president of the Manufacturers' Associa- tion, a position which he still retains. In Marcli, 1887, he was called to the Senate, where his wide experience and practical knowledge of busi- ness affairs ha\'e rendered his sei-vices exceed- ingly valuable to the country. In vari'jus other enterprises outside of his wholesale business, Mr. Sanfoid is also well known. He has at various times held the }^M)sitions of president of the Board of Trade, vice-president of the Ham- ilton Provitlent and Loan Company, a diivctor of the old Manitoba and Xoith-Western Rail- way Company, aneral. " Elsinore," the beau- tiful structure erected by them on Burlington Beach as a summer sanatorium for the sick and delicate children of the pnument of their thoughtful ami open- handed lilierality. In private life Senator aiul Mrs. Sanford have thousands of friends, by wli(»m they are helil in the highest regard, and by the whole community they are also univer- sally respected and esteemed. ►«♦! t PROMiyEXT MEX OF VAX ADA. 113 MAJOR /.. H. M«)()RK Ilmitiltof, Out. NE i)f the favouniMv 'nw • men in con- nection with tiiumcijil, ci> : iind niilitfuy affairs in Hamilton, diirin;; a number ot" years jKLst, is Maj(»r Alexander Hu<;iM»inted adjutant in January, 1882. In July, 1873, he was apjxnnted drill instructor, and hius l)een at all the brigade camps and on service on other impirtant occasions, since he joined. For .several months iu 1876 he was attached to A Battery, Kingston school of gunnery, taking a first cla.ss certificate in gun- nery and aTtillery. On several occasions he discharged the duties of brigade major of the 3rd division. No. '1 military district, during the ab.sence of that officer, and in 187'J he was as.sociateefore her mari'iage. Person- ally, Majoi- MiMire is gifted with those (jualities which have gained for him the sincere admiia- tion and esteem f>f a large circle of friends. His long residence in Hamilton makes him one of its l>est known citizens. >t 114 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. MR. AlUM r.ROWN, Ifnmiffmt, Ont. "V[0 work of Ciiiiiuliati Inoj^rapliy issued at the XI piesHiit time, or. iii(lees- sesses a g with him the reputation of Iwing a shrewd and enterprising young busi- ness man. After spending some time with the firm of Messrs. D. ^IcTnnes it Co., he was offered a p)sition in the wholesale groceiy tirm of the late W. P. McLjiien it Co., which he accepted. Soon after he was admitted a part- ner, and as such he continued until the re- tirement of Mr. McLiiren, when he Itecame head of the house, which was continued by Messrs. Brown, Gillespie it Co., and suijsetjuent- ly by other firms with which he was actively connected until 18S9, whenhe retii-ed. But it is not alone in business circles that Mr. Brown has played a prominent part during his cai'eer ; wherever he has l)een he has lent his aid and influence to every progressive entei'prise, and the worth of his public services must l)e placed at a very high estimate. While in Montreal he was connected with the Mercantile Library Association, in which he held the office of Vice- President ; he was also one of the founders of the Athena'um Club, «irganizeenefit to the country. In railway enterprises in Westell Ontario he has acted a conspicuous part. Ho was one of the leading and most efi'ective camj)aigneifs for l)onuses to aid in the construction of the Wellington, Grey, it Bruce Railway, of which company he was Pivsident. He was also Piesident of the Northern it Pacific Junction Railway connectinj; Ontario with the C. P. R., until it was leased to the Northern it North-Westei 11. At piesent lie is a trustee for the l)ondliolders of the Wellington, Grey it Bruce Railway, a dirttttor of the Great Noith- Western Telegi'aph Coy, President of the Ham- ilton Coffee Tavern Coy, and Vice-Consul ti) the Kingdom of Hawaii, to the last of which he was appointed in 1884. In Canadian affairs generally Mr. Brown has evei- displayed a keen interest, and he is a most enthusiastic advocate for the development of the North-West Territo- ries. It will not lie out of place, either, to state in cctnnection with one of our most important in- dustries that it was he who, in 18G5, originally intnxluced Canadian cheese, as such, into the British market. In 1890 our cheese expirt to Britain was ujiwards of 94 million pounds. In politics he is a Lil)eral-Conservative, and was a most devoted friend and admirer of Sir John Macdonald during the life of that patriot states- man. In 1871 he was a candidate for a seat in ■J^M-U MR. ADAM BROWN, HAMILTON, ONT. 116 PROMIXEXT MEX OF C AX A DA. the Ontario Legislature iiiopposition t<» the late J. M. Williams, of Hamilton, hut was defeated. In l^'^'7, at the j^eneral election, he was rei;_-.n- e the Houseof Comm<. is, .md his parliamentary caji>er, up to the time .,f his retiiement in ISDI, wits distin<;uished hy untiriiifj zeal and the marked ability which he disjtlayed in dischar<;in<^ the duties which de- volved u|>on him. ..Vmonj^ other puhlic services, it may he noteti that he wjus the framer and enthusiiistic promoter of a hill for the preven- tion of cruelty to aninii'ls, and at each .session he tk a pi-ominent jMirt in the delKite.s on the tinancial and trade (jue.stions of the day. In June, 1^90, he was appointed Honorary Com- mis.sioner for Canada to the Jamaica Exhibition, and, as subseijuent events showed, no wiser .selection could have l)een niiule. The w<»rk was an imjK)rt{int one, as it wiis desij^ned to f»pen up trade relations with Jamaica and, as a natural con.secjuence, with the whole of the West Indies and with South America. Mr. Brown entei-ed upon his duties with his accu.s- tomed energy : he opened coninmnications with millei"s, manufacturers, agiiculturists and others specially intere.sted, travelled over 1 0,000 miles, and addressed meetings at different centres from one end of the country to the <»ther, and thus succeeded in .securing an exhibit of which the Dtmiinion has had ganeaker. Mi'. Brown has few eijuals. Fluent, imaginative and elcKjuent, he has no ditticulty in attracting the attention and gaining tlie sympathies of his audience ; and it is but right to acknowledge that Mr. Brown hius never lugh never intending to practise law. On the resignation of the late Rev. Dr. Rice, Dr. Bui-ns was called to the Presidency of the Hamilton Ladies' College, over which he has since presided. He has always l)een a prominent tigure in MethcKlist circles, and has l)een elected a delegate to the General Con- ference at every .session since his return to Canadi.. He was honoured in 1870 with the degree S.T.D. (Saiwttf Thfoloj/iip D()Ct(tr), which was conferretl upon him l)y the State University of Indiana, and in 1878 he received his LL.D., from Victoria Univei-sity. In the latter institution the Doctor hfis taken a great interest. At the time Federation was In-ing discussed he wixite a series of -ible articles in which, while not opjM»sing the remo\al of Vic- toria to Toronto he strenuously maintaineil that she should retain her indei>endence. Twice he has l)een elected by the Alumni As.sociation of the Univei-sity as thei?- rej»resentativf in the Senate. Lsvtely th>'y elected him t») the Boai-d of Regents of Victoria, and more re- cently they again honouied him by electing him SIS one of the live to represent Victoiia <»n the Senate of Ton»nto University uji'ler Federation. He is associate examiner in the Piesidents de- jKirtment ; has twice delivered the annual ad- dre.ss l)efore the Theological Union of the Uni- versity ; and n the latter as the servant of the people insteail <»f their master. In 1882 he was placed on trial by the London Conference for holding views contiary to the teachings of the MetluKlist Church on the scripture.s. the atonement and future retribu tion, the tntuble liaving arisen fi-om scmie ex- pressions used in a published lettei- which he had written to his old friend. Rev. Dr. Thomas, of Chicago. But the Doctors defence of his views was so elocjuent, logical and forcible, that he was almost unanimously ac(juitted on all the charges. In referring to this celebi-ated tiial, tlie Christian Cniirrlian, the recognized organ of the MetlnKlist Ixnly, said it " never had any doubt that Dr. Burns was in everything es.sential soundly MetluKlistic, though an inde{)endent thinker, antl one who expressed himself with more than ordinary freedom een a Re- former and a free tradei* ; he is an ardent Ghulstonian, and takes a strong interest in the ([ue-stion of Home Tlule for Ireland. In 1887 he was chosen one "f the Reform candidates for the Connnons, but was defeated after a haid and honourably fought contest. As ad- ministrate tr of the Hamilton Ladies' Collesre, the Doctor has .shown himself singularly fitted for the p)sition. The institution is the oldest of its kind in the Dominiim, and has even more than a Cansitlian reputation, diawing its students from constituencies stretching fi-om the Atlantic to the Pacific, and takiiiir in all .aiBifj 118 PROMIXENT MEX OF CANADA. [Kirts of the Uiiitftl States and Canada. In this w< .k the l)<)ft<»r is very larj^ely iussisted by his wife, wh«» tinds in the C<»llej;e a sphere for A-hifh slie is eminently tjualiticd. Mrs. Burns, wlio.se maiden name was Sarah Andrews, was a native of Devonshire, Enghind ; she was married ut the Doctor, June 15th, lf<0."?. Two .sons and two dauj,diters are the i.s.'-ue i»f the union. One of the l>oys is a student in the Hamilton Col- lejfiate Institute, and the other casliier in a tinancial institution in Toi-onto. Di". Burns Iuls not interested himself to any great exte»'t in pul)lie societies, but he is an honoured menil)er of the Masonic ImkIv, which he joined in Mount Plea.sant, Iowa, over twenty years ago : on seven ditt'erent occasions he has l)een selected to j'leach the annual sermon to the brethren in Hamilton. He is al.so one of the chaplains of tlie Irish Protestant Benevolent Society. In a business capacity he i.s, in addition to l)eing Manager of the College, Vice-President of the Federal Life A.ssurance Company, and Presi- dent of the Dominion Building and Loan Society of Toronto. He is essentially a busy man, and one great feature of his work is preaching the gospel. Being a regularly ordain- ed ministei', hi.s .services are in constant de- mand ; he is in the pulo' nearly every Sunday in the year, though fo. this he receives no hon- orai'ium. It is significant of the Doctor's toler- ance and l)rk a very considerable interest in politics. He wa.s an active meml)ei' of the Young Men's Conservative Clul), which preceded the present organization, and which had its meeting-place in the old United Empire Club House, now occupied as the Toronto offices of the Canadian Pacific Railway. This organ- izjvtion wiis of great value to the Conservative party in the mem<>ral)le contest of 1878, which resulted in the defeat of the Mackenzie Gov- ernment and the triumphant return of Sir John Macdonald to the Piemiership, which he was destined to hold until his death, almo.st thirteen yeai-s latei". Immediately on completing his studies and being admitted to practice, Mr. Lougheed opened an office in Toronto. This was in 1881. In the following year, as all will remember who know the .state of afi'airs in Can- ada at that time, there was a tidal-wave move- ment from the older provinces to the North- We.st. The " ^laiutoba fever'" was to the On- tario of that day what the California fever had been to the steadygoing Eastei-n States, and Mr. Lougheed was not exempt from the con- tagion which brought alxiut such beneficent changes tst Toronto in whicii he had l»een first identified with politics, and, while advocating changes, he always made it plain that in his opinion the 'Conservative paity was the true friend of the Noith-West, and that proper presentation of the ca.se to the government, rather than an attempt to antagonize the administratif)n, was the sound ])olicy. Even l)efore 1HS7, when re- presentation was given to the North-We.st in Parliament, a Conservative Association was foi-med in Calgary, viz., in 1SS4, of which Mr. Lougheed was one of the founders and an active meml)ei-. When the law was pas.sed which gave the Xorth-West foui' members in the Connnons and two in the Senate, the Conservatives were ready ff)r the sti-uggle and, as history shows, they succeeded in electing their man in every case. In tlii.s, as in every ]X)litical contest in the short history of that new country, Mr. Lougheed was among the mo.st prominent of his party. In Oct<»ber, 1889, he wiis made a Queens Counsel by the Dominion (lovenunent. A m<»nth later he was called to the Semite as succes.sor to the late Senator Hardisty. Mr. Louyheeils elevation to the Upper House has Ix^en of very great value, being one of a numl)er of apjiointments indicating a determi- nation on the part of tiie Dominion (govern- ment to make that ch.aml)er as active in the legislation of the country as the other branch of oui' Pai'liament. Senatoi' Lougheed is a ready and forcible debater, a man of clear con- victions and earnest purpose, and, though one of the latest appointees, he has already made a reputation to which he adds every session, as one of the ablest and most useful men of the Chamber. He gives special and nmch-prized attention to legishition affecting the North- West, and is an ardent advocate of pn»gressive refoinis l(K)king to the early establishment of the North-West Provinces on a basis of as complete local autonomy fis the other Provinces of the Dominion have secured. Besides his activity in law and politics. Senator liougheed lias found time to a.s.sist important public and industrial entei-prises. He is a director of the Calgary Water-Works Co., and also a director of the Golden Smelting and Mining Co., which now has an extensive and valuable plant at work in the reduction of .silver and lead ores at Golden, B.C. The company has shown great enterprise, in return for which it is understiMtd to l)e well rewarded. Mr. Lougheed ranks among the leading property owners of Calgai-y, and he is known as one who can l)e relied ujxm to assist vigorously in pi-itmoting every move- ment tending to improve and build up the town and the North-West generally. In religion, Mr. Ly his fathei', who was a fine classical scholar, and at the age of fifteen he commenced the study of medicine in the office of the late Di'. Mitchell, of Dundas. He afterwards attended the L^ni- versity of Toronto, l>ecame a licentiate of the the Medical Board of Upper Canadn, and received the degree of M.I), from the Mt^dical Depaitment of Victoria Ccdlege, Col>ourg. In 18;"30, he conunenced practice in the village of Ayr, Wateiloo County, but at the t-nd of two years he returned to Dundas, and entere!ic .-iffair-H, and liere also he has made his mark. He served in the town council several years and was mayor in 1807, voluntarily retir- ing at the end of his term. He was also a meml)er of the public school board. Politically, he has always been a Reformer, and h;is taken — !^ 1-JO PKOMIXEXT MEN OF CANADA. an fictive share in the pai'ty contests in the Hidinj^. Til IST'), on the unseatinj; iiiul dis- ci luiHtication of Mr. Tlionias St^)fk, Dr. Mc- Mahon was chosen in North Wentworth as tlie Ket'ctrin canchdate for tlie Ij^'jiislatuie, in oj)Jm»- sition to Dr. Thos. Miller, whom he defeated by 12-") votes. Four times since he fias l)een succes.sful in carrvinj; the Kidin<;. Tn 1S79, he defeated James ^IcMonies, a membei' of his own j>arty, hy over 1000 ; in iSS.'i, his majority over T. J. Bell was l.")0 ; ovei- Alex. W. Hiown, 4S4 in lferiod those noblemen held tlie of- fice of (i(»veinors-(Jeneral of Canada ; and his bi'othei- is the lii<,'ht Tlev. Jean Lsinj^'evin, late bishop of St. (Jermain de l^imouski, and now Aichbishopof Leontopolis. Hismothei", Sophie Scholastiipie Lji Force, was a daujihter of Major Tji Force, who faithfully served his country duiini,' the War <»f 1S12-14, and whose jfiand- father was actinj^ connnodore of the British fleet on Liike Ontario during the American levolu- tionary war. Sir Hector T^iuis Ijan<,'cvin, the subject of this sketch, received his education at the QucIk'c Seminary, and in iS-lfi left scIumiI to take up the study of law with the late Tlon. A. N. Morin, at Monti-eal. At an early af,'e he manifested a taste foi' literature, and wliile j)ur- suinji his studies widte a <;ieat deal for the pitws. He iH'came editor of the MihimjiH lic- Viififux \\\ 1S47. and subse(|i;ently editor of the Journal of A(fri<-n/fnri', iMith papers iH'injj; pub- lished in Montreal. When Mi'. Morrin retired from practice, Mr. Langevin entereil the oftice of the late Sir (Jeorge Etienne Cartier. Now l)e<;an the connection In'tween those two dis- tin<,'uished men which was destined to la.st so lonjj, to Ik- so close and loyal, and of such im- jMirtance to his French-Canadian compatriots as well as to the jieople of the Dominictn k iilace. On the .SUtli of March, 1.^04, Mr. Ijiingevin l)ecjune a Queens counsel, and on the same day entered the Tache-Macdonahl admin- istraticui as solicitor-general, east. In 1S()G he l)ecame |M)stmaster-general, which otlice he re- tained till the consummation of Confederation. Tn the Confederation movement he tominion, and the following year he was created a C. B. In 1S()1> he was given the portfolio of Public Works. Tn 1(^70 he w«« created a Knight Commander of the Roman Order of Pope (Jregory the (Sreat. During Sir (ieorge Cartier s absence in Eng- land, in 1H7.'<, Mr. Tjjingevin acted as leader of the French Canadian Conservative jtarty, and upon the death of his chief U'caine the j)erman- ent leacU'r. In 1878, on the fall of Sir John A. Macdonalds administration, he resigned office. -■ SIR HECTOR LOUIS LANGEVIN. K.CM.G.. Quebec, Que. x 123 PROM I XE XT MEX OF C AX A DA. At the general election of 1878, he was an un- successful candidate for Riniouski ; hut William McDougall, the nieiiil)er for Three Rivers, hav- ing made way for him, lie was chosen for the vacate the close uf the vear 18'J0. He has, also, travel 4 JOHN BERTRAM, DUNDAS, ONT. ■-' \-2\ rnOMIXEXT MEX OF CANADA. led H iiiciit (It-al, cliicHy <»ii plcasur*' trips, liav- iii<^ visited many jxntions dt' tlie United States, cmssed the ocean tliree times an«l toured tliroiijjli tlie I'ritish Tsles, S\vitzerlanth in puldic and private life, has won for liim the rcLjard of all classes of the jH'ople. (Jt'orjje i{oacli is an Eniclisliman, liavinj^ l)een Ixtrn in the Isle of \Vii,'ht. Xov«-ml>er .SOth, ISIS. His parents, .lames and Sarah (Hohinsoii) Roach, lM)tli natives of the sjinie place, luul a family of eleven children six Iniys and five trills of whom (Jeorife was the sixth. After receiving his primary education he was sent to Lymin avers couUI not Ik* sur[)assed anywhere in the world. He t ^^l^^^^^^l ^ • MH-c GEORGE ROACH, Hamilton, Ont. 126 PROVIXEXT MEX OF CAXADA. with secret s<»cieties has lieeii liiiiitern in 1844, was the tenth. The fam- ily was well-known in various parts of Ontjirio for the sujK'iior talents and abilities of its memWrs. In due time two of the brothers, David and Alexander, came to Hamilton, where they engageutation, and Wius at one time editor of the old Hamilton liiiiinrr, having given ujt the law for journalism. He also thy- sicjue, indomitable courage, and keen observa- tion rendered him peculiarly ritteendent Order of Foresters organizations : besides having been one of the old-time meml)ers of the jMtpular l.'Hh I>at- talion. In 1874, Mr. McKinnon married Miss Jennie Mori'ison, daughtei of J no. Lamont, Es(j., of Chatham ; his oidy daughter is ac- knowledged JUS t>ne of the fairest l)elles of iHtnnie Hamilton. The worthy and nnich re- sj)ected Chief is in the full vigour of manluMKl, and apparently has still a long and useful career ))efore him. -^ MHr^i A^ rKOMlXEXT MEX OF VAX A DA. \-l\ THK HOX. SP:NAT()K L. .NhCALLl'M, S/riiiinifss, Out. rrUK Hon. l^uliliiii McCjilluni, Sciiiitor of tlu- 1 Domiiiiuii. was lx>in in Tyifc. Ai;;yl»'sliiie, Srotlaiid, on thf l^tli -car|H'nter- ini^. While still in tender yeaix his nnithei' was left a widow, and dejKMident tV»r suj>]>ort u|Hin her own exei'tions and those of her thive sons, of whom LrfU'hlan was the second son. In 1^42, the family, like many an<»ther in the Ar<;ylesliire of that day. enii>;rated to Canada. Since that time Liichlan McCallum has In'en anionj; the foremost in the ;,'(m«1 work of huildin;; uj> Cana- da and makiiii^ it a country to lie ]>ioud of. His life has In-en one of unusual activity, and there is hardly a hranch of industry or a phase of public sei\ ice which has not felt the impulse of his eai-nestness, determination and thoroujih- "ioiiij; loyalty to duty. At the outset of his career Mr. .McCallum devoted himself to his trade. Havinj; no fortune hut skill and a paii- of sti'on>; hands, h** found it hard work for a time to attain the jKisition neces.saiy to the carryinj; out of projects which were constantly presented by his active mind. He overcame ditticulties one l>y one, however, and within ten yeais was able to count himself his own master. He settled in Strouniess, in Monck county, and there he has e\ei- since lesided. It would take teen ie.ss varied or less im|)ortant. He has tsiken his part in the various lejrislative Ixnlies from the lowest to the hi^^hest. He h;is advocated by tonjfue and jx-n .some of the ^(reatest public improvenieiit.s, and the j^n-atest chanures of public jKilicy, of which Canadians to-day leap the In-netit. He hiis also taken {tjirt in the military service of the country Iwith in jteace and wai". It is worth while t<) dwell upon the military record of our sul>ject, for the double i*ea.s«ni that the facts will serve to brinjf out l>etter than any analysis could do the character of the man, and l)ecau.se he played an imiNtrtant jKirt in one act of the j^reat drama of Canada's national life which, for a variety of rea.sons, Iwus never yet l)een adequately presented in any permanent lecord. When the excitement over the "Trent affair" foiced uiKHi the attention of Caiuulians the |>os- .sibility of armed collision with the jieople of the United States, Mr. McCallum was one who did not confine him.self to any mere lip loyalty or cheap profe.ssion of faith : he actehft, a fine craft l)elonging to Mr. Mc- Callum, was nuide use of, the men were taken «m Ixiard, and all .s|)eed made for Port Coll)orne, where the other tr(M)ps were assembling. Port Collxiine was reached at daybreak on the 2nd of June. Here were iussembled the Queens Own Rifles, the l.'Jth Battalion of Hamiltcm, the Yoik Ranger.s, the Caledonia Rifles and the Welland Canal Field Battery. The battery was <)rdered on l)oard the tug which then .steamed off for the Niagara river. Approaching the head of the river, Capt. McCallum commanded the men to go V»elow in order that suspicion might not l)e arou.sed among the watchers on the American side as to the object of the Iniats journey. The Rohh arrived without mishap at Jilack Cieek, .seven miles north <.f Fort Erie. On i-eceiving orders, the Rohh returned to Fort Erie where the troops were landeil. The village was almost deserted. The Fenians had pa.sseil thniugh on the previous ilay and had connnitted .some depredations. Most of the inhabitants had fled, and the village was almost de.serted. The force w;us divided into .stjuads and search wjis made, I'esulting in the capture of a numljer of Fenian stragglers who were nuide pri.soners and put into the lock-up, In'ing left in charge of 1 r 4 128 PHOMIXENT MEX OF C AX AD A. the villafje authorities. The force was then t'oirned into two divisions, excejtt a tew wlio were left with Lieutenant Kol)h on the tug. P^ach division nuniltered alxmt forty men. One division was under tlie connnand of Lieut. - Col. Dennis, and the other under connnand of Capt. King and Capt. McCalluni. These divis- ions proceeded by different routes to Bhick Creek. They j)icked up more stragglers on the way, making a total of sixty -eight prisoners taken. The tug had meantime reached Black Civek ; soldiers and prisoners were picked up and hidught Imck to Fort Erie. The men disem- barked, except four who were left in charge of the pH' mei-s. Shortly after they hatl l)een dra>' up in line on the dock, Lewis Palmer, an >• ' a citizen of Bertie township, djished in on liorseback and announced that a force of alxiut a thousand Fenians was marching in the direc- tion of Fort Erie and would arrive within a tjuart' ■• < ' MX hour. The pi-isoners in the lock- up v.ire liistily brought down tm the south, with a large force of skirmishers ap- prened tire. The Canadians replied, but after a few- shots broke and ran. The tug meantime had steamed out into the river. The volunteers escaped, except a few who were wounded, and a band of twenty-eight who sought shelter in the Lewis House and connnenced tiring at the enemy through the windows. Their anununition, how- ever, gave out and they were obliged to surren- der. They were released ne.vt morning, when the Fenian force departed, unwilling to risk their lives further in the task of capturing Canada, which theii- leaders had told them would Ije so ejvsy a matter to accomplish. Captain McCalluni and some companions were in im- minent danger for a time, but the tire opened from the post-ottice covered his retreat down the river from the attack of a small band of the enemy; moreover, a well-directed shot wounded one Fenian and the others fled, except one who was pinned to the fence, over which he had just cHml)ed, by a l)ayf>net thrust through the neck, which killed him. Most of the escaped volun- teers were collected in the tug .again and were cai'ried to Port CollMirne. On the way up, the Kobb was under lieavy tire from the enemy for over a mile. Lieut. Robb was at the wheel, while Capt. McCalluni stmnl ready to take his place at once should any bullet rind its billet in his IxmIv. Fortunately all esca|>ed unharme«l, a marvelhtus thing, considering the numlter of shots tliat were rired. The prisoners were landed at Port CoUxtrne, and Capt. McCalluni desired them to use the tug in patntUing the river to cut off the escape of Fenian parties making their way into the I'^nited States again. He wiis over-ruled, however, and was tirdered to pitrol the lake in front of the village in case of any attempt at a surprise. For their gallantry in the action of the day, Capt. McCalluni and Capt. King were presented with swords by the county of Welland, and their men with medals. Capt. McCalluni resigned his commission s«m»ii after the Fenian raid in conseolitical office wa«s that of reeve of the unit •! townships of Moultl Uu .L PROMINENT ^fEN Of CANADA. 129 of the Cunadiaii Pacific Railway Mr. McCalluni was an urgent and comtistent advocate of the scheme of an all-Canadian route. He was like- wise a staunch supjx rter of the National Policy, and had lieen kno«. n as an advotvite of the princii)le.s of }ii"otection even before his }Miity made it the war cry in the canipjiign of 187f<. These iind other gi^eat measures were favoureeen president of the Hamilton Medi- cal and Surgical Society, has lieen examiner during the j ast three yeare in obstetrics in Toronto University, and for twelve years has l)een a meml)er of the metlical staff of the Hamilton city hospital. During the past year he was elected Fellow of the American Asso- ciation of Obstetricians and (ivnecologists. Nearly ten years ago he joined the 13tli Batt. as assistant-surgeon, and for two years past has l)een surgee one of the chief manufactur- ing institutions of the country. He tirst Vmilt what was known as the Ewart mill, which he operated for some time, and then, in 1839, he started in the foundry business in a small way as to its dimensions, but destined for an impor- ant future, for John Gartshore was the pioneer manufacturer of grist and saw n)ills in Canada. In 1846 the works were burnt out, but the energetic proprietor soon had them built up again on a far larger scale. Marine work was added, and during the time the Great Western Railway was being built large quantities of niiichinery were manufactured for that rr)ad. Under Mr. Gartshores management the busi- ness steadily increased until it reached immense proportions. The average number of men em- 131 ployeil for years in the establishment was alx>ut 300. But a iteriofl of financial depression, suc- ceetling the year lS-")7, was felt sevei-ely over the country, and the (Jartshore works, with which the subject of <»ur sketcli was connecte at Dundsvs, into which he was taken as a partner in 1865. In 1870, when the business changed hands, he went to Hajuilton, in which city his first enter- prise was to form a partnership, under the firm name of Gartsh(jre it Cowie, for the manufac- ture of railway and other castings. Subsetjuent- ly the manufactui-e of iron pipes was made a branch work in the establisb.ment. Shortly after this, the partnership was dissolved, aiifl Mr. Gartshore actjuired full control, which he has since retained. The firm of Gartshore it Cowie was the first in Ontario to embark in the inm pipe industiy, and under the management of the senior partner it has attained large pro- portions. The foundry has now a capacity of fifty tons a day, furnishes employment regularly to alxjut 150 hands, and has a market which extends over the entire ccjuntry from Quelxjc to Vancouver. Among the monuments to the mechanical skill of Mr. Gartshore and his father are the first pumping engines of tbe Hamilton Water Works, the plans for which were drawn by the former in 1857, and the engines of the union ferry boat between Detroit and Windsor, In his earlier days Mr. Alexander Gartshore tfKtk an active and loyal j)art in military affairs. He was a meml)er of Notman's foot artillery in Dundas in 1858, and an ofKcer of the sedentary militia at the time of the visit of the Prince of Wales to Canada. He is a Master Freemason, and has always l)een a staunch suppoi-ter of the St. Andrew's and Caletlonian. Societies. In poli- t I ALEXANDER GARTSHORE Hamilton, Ont. ♦ -^^- 134 J'KO.]f/XEXT MEX OF CAXADji. tics lu' is a Conservative and a strong advocate of a protective policy. Tii religion he is a Pres- hyterian, and contiihutes largely from his means to the support of the Preshyterian Ixxly and thinch to which lie In-longs. On June Gth, 1S()G, Mr. iiartshore married Isabel, a daughter of the late John Hendrie. and sister of William Hendrie, the well-known contractor. As i.ssue, there were eight children, of whom tive are liv- ing, Alexander, the eldest son, being in the otHce of the Canada Life Assurance Cl. North Wales, and had sub.se(|uently .spent three years at a French college in Boulogne, aftei' the family came to Kingston studied for a further peiicnl of thiee years at Queen's College preparatory sch(K>l, thus receiving a gocxl classical and mathematical education. In ISGO he came to Hamilton as junioi- in the Bank of British North America, and after remaining in that institution two yeais Ive accepted a position in the wholesale hardware store of Messrs. Richard Juson A' Co., with whom he remained for tive years. After Mr. Juson retired, Mr. Lucas joined the whole- sale gidcery tirm of Messrs. G. J. Forster it Co., and then on Mi'. Forster's death, aliout twenty- one years ago, he actjuired full control of the business. He at once associated with him as partner Mr. John H. Park, and from that time to the present the business has been conducted under the tirm name of Messrs. Lucas, Park it Co. I'^nder this regime the business has ex})aii(led wonderfully, and with such success that it has long been recognized as one of the best wliole- .sale grocery houses in Western Canada: a result largely owing to the executive ability and the in- dividual efforts of its principal, which have been most ably seconded by his partners, Messrs. Park, Geo. E. Bristol, aiuf R. T. Steele. The tirms trade is widely diffused, extending all over On- tario, Manitoba, the North-West Territories, and as far west as Victoria, British Columbia. In short, the business is one of the most skil- fully managed of its kind in the country. ^Ir. Lucas owns also the chief financial interest in the Hamilton cotton mill, one of the most suc- cessful in Canada, in which he has associated with him as jwirtner and manager his brother-in- law, Mr. J. M. Young. In this enterprise, as well as in the wholesale business, Mr. Lucas" shrewd Imsiness capacity has lieen exercised to gk a leadinj; i>art in municij)al affairs, was reeve of the townshij) for several tenns, was a staunch Reformer of the Georye Br(»wn scIkmiI, and in the connuunity in which he lived he left behind him the reputation of an lumourahle man. His family consisted of seven childien, f>f wlumi six three sons and three dau>.'hters are livinj;, the suhject of our sketch l)ein: West, Toronto. Tn connection with this business, Mr. Moiiison has made a j>henoinenal success, as since he stjirted it he has we believe, established more central stations and furnished more apj)a- ratus than any other man in his special enter- jn-ise. Iti politics, he is a lieformer, but on the question of Prr»tection. in 1)^7S, he <;ave his adhesion ti; the National Policy. Tn relijfion, he is a Protestant, and an adherent of the MetluKlist Church, of which he has always l)een a lilnMal supj)ortei-. Tn 1S7S he married Mary Alzina, daui,diter of the late Samuel X. Olm- sted, of Ancaster townsiiip, one of the most prominent farmers in the county of Wentworth. T>y this union he has had issue four children, of whom two (Ixtys) aie livinjj. Tn dis|M)sition, Ml". Moriison is warm-hearted and <;eneidus ; in manners, courteous aiul affable, and he enjoys the respect and esteem of a lar<;e circle of friends. T. T). J. FWTiMElt, lliiniiltoti. Out. rpHOMAS DEVEY JEI^MYN FATiMEH. -I. B.C.L.. was born in Ancaster township, county of Wentworth. Fel>. 'I'l, 1S('.{, and comes of i^ood old An;L;lo-Irish stock. His father, Geo. Devey Farnier, is a native of Hull, P.Q., and his mothei {uian<;e farm, near Ancaster, which is still the family home- stead. As a youth. Mi'. Farmer had the iienetit of excellent private tuition. After liavini; atteiuled the Hamilton colle^nate institute for a year he matriculate., i>f Him!il«^<)ii, (hiiini,' whicli time he t;' inteicst in cixii- afl'airs, his t'eUow-citizens elected him as alderman t'oi- iS'.tl hy the largest vote evei- recorded in his ward t'oi' any one man. His success on that occasion was fuilher marked l>y the fact that he was the younjjest candidate elected to the aldermanic hiKii-d. In reli«'r <»f the Kni;- lish church, holdinjj broad and liiieral views. He is a memlM'i- of tln' Masonic ImkIv and of the Orange order. He is also ii memlH'r of the Sons of F^ii^land, with the brethren of which he is hijihiy jMijiulai'. On April "i'Jnd, ISS'.), he marriey birth, a native of Bampton, O.xfordshire, where he was born, Novenil)er 4th, ISIS. He was twelve years of ajfe when his father, Charles Temjile. left England with his family to find a home in the Western Hemisphere. He setth'd in the county of Yoik, N.I'., of which his son was destined to liecome one of the most distiui^uish- ed citizens. Like all the othei" st-ctionsof what is now the Dominion of Canan of New Brunswick. They formed eveiywheie regi- ments of volunteers, every man in the ranks l)eing ready to take his place on parade <;r in the field promptly at the gi\en signal. Among these volunteer organizations none was more efficient than the York light dragoons under Major Wilmot, then a young man, but destined to i)ecome <»ne of New JJrunswick's most illus- trins was Thomas Temj)lt , then in the jiiime of a lusty young manhoiKi. The boundary diffi- culty 1»'( I to some skirmishing, arising out of the dej)redationsof the Americans, and in the three months or more of trouble, jiri\ate Thomas Temph' dish market. THOMAS TEMPLE, MP., Fredericton, N. B. ^u 140 r ROM I NEXT MEX OF CAXADA. This loss ciiiii})elle(l the ahiiiulonineiit of this IdaiR-li <»f thf hiisincss, hut othci- (Icjtaitinciits wfic (.•ontiiiiU'd with still ;;rt'.it*'f vi;ii»ui'. The tii*st juihlic ortiee held hy Mr. Tt'iiii)Ie was that of Hiifli Sheriff of the comity of York : whifh ortite he held foi- iiiiieteen years, from 1864 to 1883, while still tarryin<( rominent j)art in the formation of the Peoples Uaiik of Fredericton, and is still an ethcient and trusted director of that institution. For years Fredericton suffered in the comjK'ti- tion with other places hy reason of the lack of railway facilities. To remedy this a few of the UMire enteri>risini; nu'n of the provincial cai>ital joined Mi'. Temph' in an effort to im- proxf railway cominunication. The preliminary difficulties, which were neither few nor small, were overcome early in 18(){>, when the con- struction of the railroad was l)eany and that jM»siti(»n he has lu-ld ever since. These and many other services of a ]>iil)lic and semi-piihlic character l»rou;xlit Mr. Tem]>le into j^reat prominence. On the death in 18S4 of Mr. John Pickard. his partner, Mr. Temph' was asked to stand for Mr. Pickard s vacant seat in parliament. Straiiitely eiiouifh, thouiih cordially ajiit'einj^ in every other resjxH-t, the jiartiiers were op|Hised to each otlu-r in ])oli- tics. Mr. Pickard had held the county for fifteen yeais for the Liberals in spite <»f all that the Conservatives could do to oust him. 4>ut in the contest which followed Mr. Pickards death, Mr. Temples .services t« the j)eopIe and liisj^reat personal ])o]>ularity made him more than a match for Mr. (ieorj^e F. (ireitory, the ahle and prominent man whom the Lil>eials had chosen as their candidate, and he was returned liy a iiiajtirity of 178 Mites. He has held the seat ever since, l)eing re-eleete.U0U, but so wi.se and careful was the management by Mr. Temple that even this large sum was far under its an- ticijiated cost to the country. In this work Mr. Temple enliste1 of French Liberals which took its jiattern from the Radicals of France has l»een suc- ceeded by a .schi', Q.C, LL.I)., M.P. for Quel)ec Centre, is the ie|>reseiitative of two old and distinj^uished Freneli-Canadian families. The first Canadian L«in<.;elier of this family was S^lwistian, who came from Fres- quienne, near Rouen (famous as the scene of the martyrdom of Jeanne d'Arc), in 1()")1), and settled at Sillery, near Queliec, afterwards re- moving to Chateau-Riches and thence to L" Is- let. On the mothers side Mr. Ljin<,'elier has the 1)1ec, the offer of so imi>ortant a jM)st was emj)hatic testi- mony to the high opinion formed of his talents by the Senate. His political ardor even at that time manifested itself in vaiied action, but never caused him to lose his self mastery. His Lil)eralism was not of the kind that exj)ends it- self in talk. He cordially agreed with other yimng and ardent souls who looked forward hoj^efully to the timo when, as a result of their efforts, pditiciil Liberalism should lie a power in the province. He was a follower of that schl of political economy of which Adam Smith in England and Bii^tiat in France were the leading exponents, and in his lectures he clearly set forth the advjintages of freedom of trade as against restriction. In his personal contact with the leading men of the university he took every opfM)rtunity to disarm prejudice and show that the Lil)erals were not the ex- tremists they were so often i"e])resented to be. He identified himself with every movement calculated t<» benefit the countjy, and gave his energy freely to advance those movements. Amimg the enterprises which engaged his thought at this peri(Kl was the effort to direct the redundant population to the new districts of the province rather than to allow the coun- try to be drained of its most active-minded youths into the United States. He was secre- tary of the hrst Colonizcition Society and lalxmred hard in promoting the work it had in hand. At the same time, in elections, when the issre was s<|uarely joinetl, Mr. Langelier uncompro- misingly and to the full extent of his jMiwera atlvoc-ated the Lilx'ral cause on the public plat- form. }lis fiist apj>earance as a candidate was in 1S71, when he unsucces.sfully contested Bagot for the Legislature. In 1873 he ste of his v.aik. In 1872, a year l)efore he enteretl the legislature, he Itecame professor of the Civil Cn afterwanl there ai-rived fmm Rome Mgr. Conroy, conveying pei's«nially the warning from the Po|>e that the Lil)eralism of Canada was not to l)e chissed by the faithful PROMINEM' MEX OF C AX A DA. 14S witli the Lil)emlisT]i of France and Italy, and that the juiests must not represent the Lilteral ian(li(hites as the enemies of leli^jrion and of tlie church. This was a tremendous j^ain for the cause for wliich Mr I^Jinj^elier worked so ion;; and so devote-ference. A.s showing; Mi". L«in;;eliei"s character and the depth of his conviction, an incident in the le;;islature which t(M)k place alM*ut this time may l>e mentioneil. Hon. L. n. Taillon, a prominent memltei' of the Conservative party iind afterwaitls associated with Hon. Mr. Ross a.s one of the iejulei-s <»f the Uopular one with all Catholics. Mr. Le- lief that in a free country any IhhIv of }>eople who desired to walk the streets hjul a j)ei-fect rii^lit to do so and should Ik- protected in that ri;;ht. When the Joly (Jovernment t(Kik ottice, Air. Ij5in;;elier, who haeiuH- ture of money made by the Senecal party. In lSf<'_*, he was a candidate for the mayoralty of (.^ueWc. The city council elects the mayor, and on this occasion the (juestion at the im>11s in the aldeiinanic contests wjus Mr. I^m^^elier's candidature fo- the mayoralty. On the as- sembling of the IxKird lie was elected unani- mously. The ottice of mayor he held for eight yeai-s, Iwing re-elected three times. His term of ottice wiis piiRluctive of gieat l)enetit Ut the city. His first care was to jirovide means fer- tile prevention or suppres.sion of tires. QucIm'c, as all who have followed its history know, has iM'en the scene of a imn>lH>r of dis;tstrous confla- grations. Under May«»r Ljingeliei' tiie leiwti- tion of such Ios.ses wji.s made in the last degi-ee improbable. The fire briga«le Wius brought to a high .state of etticiency and splendidly eipiipiMHl. T!ie water supply was al,s<( greatly increase*! l)y means i>f a fine .•;«|utHluct, which cost lialf n million dollai-s. The streets, which had U-en in a di.sgraceful condition, were gn'atly improved in resjH'ct of jMivements, and John-street, one of the principal avenues of trade, wa.s widenetl. In this latter and other re.spects the improve- ment was not a material one oidy, fi>r tlie financial system was re-oigani/ed so as to se- cure greater economy and greater eer of the Senate of LJl^■al I niversity, as well as one of its professoi-s. He was apjMiinted Queen's Coun.sel by the Provincial (Jovernment in 1878, and by the Dominion in 1880. In re- ligion, though it has In^en his lot to contend strongly against the pretensions of some re}>re- sentatives of the clnirch. lie liius always l)eeri a devout and consistent Honian Catholic, and is held in high esteem by his co-religionists. He was mari-ied on the 2nd of February, 1884, to Virginie Marie, daughter of the late T. Legar«', K.s(j., of QucIk-c. Mi"s. Liingelier died on the •ioth May, 1 89 1. ^r 4 144 l'll()ML\H\T Mh:X OF CAXADA. I JOHN STUART, 1/otnUfnn, Oul. A.Mf)N(i re;>r»'st'ntiitivt' Caiiadi.uis, \vliftliy virtue of his a))ility, eneriiv and success. In- i^iveii a jtionii- nent i>hiee. .Johr. Stuart was Imhu at Fit'ekeitli, Banffshire, Scotland. June L'4th, IS.SO, his parents l>eini; James and Margaret (Tayloi) Stuart, l)oth iiati\»'s ot" tlie same county. His father, wlio \va. an architect and huildt-i-, was well known and for many years enjoyed tiie confidence and esteem of all classes tlndu^^hout the district. He dietl in iS.'iS), when the sul)- ject of oui' sketch, who was one of a family of seven children, was ; ^Ir. Stuart "s position as a vounjr man at that time, it mav l)e related that he was closely associated with the late Col. Cund)erland and Major \Vortliinf the hist named line during tiie whole jieriinl of its existence, a |Misitinti to wliidi he w.is more than entitled, from the fact that he was the leading spirit engaged in bringing aliout its construction. Intimately associated with him in these enterprises was the late Hon. James Turner, who was jnesident of the H. it L. E. Company, and was afterwards vice-president of tiie H. iV- N. W. At the time of the union of the latter road with the Northern, Mr. Stuart was still jnesident of it, and he then In'came a memlH-r of the executive committee of the joint roads. He was als<» a dii-ector of the Northern Pacific Junction road, connecting these lines with the Canadian Pacific system, but iiis con- nection with railway mattei-s cea.sed on these northern lines Ix'ing acquired some years ago by the Grand Trunk. At the present time Mr. Stuart is probably Itest known as president of the Rank of Hamilton, one of the mo.st flourishing financial institutions in the pro- \ ince. He was one of the original diiectors in 1S72. and was vice-president from the com- mencement until the retirement of the Hon. D. McT lines from the presidency in ISSI, when he wi'.s unanimously elected his successoi-, a jnisi- tion which he has filled witii great acceptance ever since. I'nder his presidency the volume of business of the bank lias vastly increased, and the high jM»sition it lias attained reflects the greatest credit on the executive ability of Mr. Stuart and tlie gentlemen associated with him in the directorate of the institution. Mr. Stuart has also lieen for many years and is still a director of the Canada Life Assuiancc Com- pany ; he is also a director of the Canada Laiifled and National Investment Company, of Toroiito. Politically, he has always l)een a Reformer, and in 1S74 was elected by his party to represent South Norfolk in the Dominion Parliament, but being unseated on petition lie was defeated in the bye-election which followed. Since that time he has taken finly a general in- terest in political affairs. He remains, however, a supjiorter of the Reform party and principles, yet on trade questions of the day differing es- sentially from many of tlie leaders of the party. In religion, he is a Piotestant, and was brought up in the Presbyterian (Church, but of late he has been an adherent of the Chuich of Eng- land, lieing connected with the Church of tin Ascension. On the 'l'M\\ October, IS.'iG, Mr Stuart mai-ried Jane, daughter of the late John 4 JOHN STUART, Hamilton, Cnt. ]4« PliOMIXENT MEN OF C AX A DA. Jacques ((»t" Messrs. Jacijues i^i: Hay, Toronto), | .by whom he had issue foui- chihh'eu, of wlioni a sou aiwl (lauifhtei- are living, the former alieady referred to as of the tirm ot Stuait, Haivey I'i: Co., and the latter the wife of P. M. Bankier, l)aiTister, of Hamilton. In conunercial and tinancial circles Mr. Stuarts reputation is of the hi<;hest ; his private life is without reproach, and l)v common consent he is liM)ked upon as one of the best and most worthy of the citizens of Hamilton. HON. E. H. BR0N80N, M.P.P., Off nun, Out. THE Bronson family has l)een known in Eastern Ontario durinjj; the past forty years, alike for its enei<;y and enterprise, as well as for its high charater and influence. To- day it is well represente(> by the gentleman who is the subject of this i iographical notice. Erskine Henry Bronson was born at Bolton, Warren county, N. Y., September 12th, 1S4+, his parents Iwing Henry F.iinklin Bronson and his wife Editha (a native of Bolt(ni), whose maiden name was Pierce. Mr. Bronson, senior, was foi- some years, prior to 1849, engaged in the lund)eiing Imsiness on the Hudson river, in connection with the tirm of Messrs. Harris it Brcmson. Tn 1849 he visited the Ottawa valley, and with the keen intelligence which was one of his strong characteristics, he s i.n saw that the inmiense tind)er .supply anu the magnificent water power available made that region a splendid field for lunil)ering operations. Actuated by this idea he returned home, and in IH'rl came back to Ottawa, bringing with him his partnei-. Mr. Harris. The firm transfeired their business fiom the Hudson, andshoitly aftei' their arrival in Ottawa purchased water lots at the Chaudiere Falls, and erecved mills uiulcr the super\ision of Mr. IJronson. This was the inauguration of the large business of which the subject of this sketch is to-day the loading re- [>resent,ii.! ive. Erskine H. Htonson, who was but a youth when he came to Canada, was edu- cated at the best schools in Ottawa, and also studied for a time at Sandy Hill. N. Y. Tn 1865, Mr. Harris retired from the business, and two years later Mi'. Bronson, senior-, admitted Erskine as a partner. Obijab Weston, of Painted Post, N. Y., one of the most extensive lumber merchants in the Tnited States, being also a member of the firm, under the tirm name of Bronsons A' Weston. The liusiness of the firm was incorporated in 1888, and since then it has been carried on by the Uronsons it Weston Lumber Co. (Limited). The Hon. ]NL-. IJronson is pi-esident and general managei' of the com pany, t'» which oflice he succeeded on the death of his father, in 1889. The firm own two mills at Ottawa with a capacity of 8.") million feet per sea.son. They also own tindier limits in diffV'if-iit localities in Ontaiio and Queln-c, ami the pioducts of their enterprise are sent to the markets of the United States, Great Britain, the West Tndias and South America. In Oreat Britain there is a constantly increasing demand for manufactured luml)er, which to a large ex- tent is taking the place of the .s([uare timl)er ex- })orted in former times. In addition to his ex- tensive milling interests, Mr. Bronson is Presi- dent of the Staiulard Electric Co., recently organized for the supply of jM>wer and electric light for manufacturing and domestic purposes. While fully occuj)ied with business, Mr. Bron.son, however, has for many years been an active and influeniial factor in public afiair- He has given s})ecial attention to educatioiuil matters, and was a meml)ei' of the Board of Public School Trustees for the unusually long tenn of eighteen years, during a considerable portion of which time he was chairman of the school management com- mittee. He also served in the city council as alderman fntm 1871 to 1877, inclusive, and as chairman of the finance cctmmittee, prepared the Act consolidating the city debt, and secoiuled its passage in the Ontario Legislature in 1879. An original and highly important feature of this measure was the reduction of the maximum tax rate to li cents on the dollar. In politic Mr. Bronson is a Reformer, and since the Pacific Railway Scandal of 1873, has taken an active share in political campaigns in the city of Ottawa and the surrounding dis- trict. He was first elected to the legislature at the general election in 1880, and was re-elected in 1890. his majority on the latter occasion being the laigest obtained by any candidate in tlu* province. ^Iv. Bronsons sterling ability and high reputation as a public man and a citi- zen of f)ttawa had long been recognised by Hon. Olivei- Mowat, and although his extensive business interests precluded the idea of his as- sumii)'; chaige of a Department, he was swoin a membei' of the Ontario Cabinet, without port- f<»lio, in Septendx'i', 1890. In this lie continues to give his c(.!Ieagues and tlir ]>rovince generally the benefit of his counsel and heljiful aid in car- rying on the aH'aii's of the country. In leligion he is a Presbyterian, and has been an elder in St. Andrews Church since 1874. Lik<' his father before him, he is noted for his open- handed libei'ality towards religious and i)hilan- thropic (Miterprises. In 1874, Mr. IJronson married Ella, only daughter of Prof. Webster, a juominent educationist in Virginia, who at one time n ided in ( )ttawa. l>y this lady he has issue t'>() cliildren, a son and daughter. Person ally, Mr. Bronson is a most afl'able and couiteous gentleman, and his many excellent (jualities have won for him unixeisal regard and esteem. F. :H. BRONSON, M.P.P., Ottawa, Ont. U8 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. DR. J. G. BOURINOT, C.M.G., Ottawa, Out. JOHN GEORGE BOURINOT, C.M.G., •J LL.D., D.C.L., Clerk ..f the House of Coni- nious, Ottawa, wiislMH-n in Sydney, Nova, Scotia, oil the 24tlt of Octol)er, IX.'if). His father was the hite Ihm. J. l»ouniiot who, aftei- takiiijf a proniiiieiil aiul useful part in t!>'* jM»litieal affairs of his native province, was in \X('u called to the senate of the newly created Dominion. Senator Hourinot was a native of the Island of Jersey, where his family, orij^inally Norman, had for centuries held a jxisition of intluence. For many years he discharj^ed, under iM»th the Empire and the Republic, the functions of Vice-Consul of France at Sydney, in our day the chief i)ort of call for the French navy in North Ameiican waters, and not fai- fiom Louislxiurj;, the ancient stron<^hokl of Fiench |M>wer on this continent. In his "Old Forts by the Sea," Dr. Bourinot has done justice to the scenery and histoiic associations of his birth- place and its surroundinj^s. Senator Bourinot died in Januaiy, 1SS4, at Ottawa, in the seven- tieth yeai- of his age deeply and widely lejrretted. The mother of Dr. Bourinot was a daujjhter of the late Judjje Marshall, who died some years ago at an advanced age. A man of stiong purpose and earnest convictions, a friend of all moral refoiins and a vigorous clmmpion of what he believed to be true and right, Judge Marshall wielded a vigorous pen and was never afraid to use it. He was of Loyalist stock, his father, whose name occurs in Saoines I'oll of honour, having In^en a captain on the British side in the Revolutionary war. It will thus be seen that Dr. Hourinot ie])i'esents in his pedigree the most im[)oitant elements in our com}opulati(m the Norman-French and til* A Mglo-Saxon the old Colonial and the later accession from the Biitish Isles. That to this lineage Dr. Boui'inot owes, in an ajipreciable measure, his strong attachment to the liritish Crown, his ai'dent patj'iotism as a Caiuidian, his literary gifts, and even the lient of his mind towards histoi'ical studies and constitutional in- quiry, it is not unreasonable to conclude. His capacity fer othce. He mastered short-hand, In'came a im- porter on the Halifax press, and ere long had made a name for hiiusf^lf in pailiamentary pi-ecis-writing. This j)ractice was of the ut- most service to him in latei" yt'ars, gi\ing a facility in the use of the ihmi, a (piickness of |)enetration into the intimate meaning of a lM»ok or document, and a skill in the orderly ariange- ment of facts, which no other kind of tiaining couUl .supply. In due time Mr. Bouiinot came to occupy the editor's chaii". He established a daily journal, the Halifax h'rjxirtii; of which he assumed the management, dischaiging (from 1S()I). in addition to his duties of editor, the inuMdtant functions of chief otlicial rejioitei- of the Nova Scotia Assembly. It need hardly be stated that, from the inception of the federal movement, Mr. B(airinot did all that lay in his |)ower to [)romote it, and to his able advocacy the success of the movement was in no small measure due. In 1S(),S he received the appoiiitment of shorthand reportei- in the Dominion Senate, and in 1S7.{ was created .second assistant in the House of Connnons. In Noveml)er, ISTi', he was made first clerk assistant, and in lf«frazines, as well as by timely and able articles in the Dominion press. Mention has aireJU-iy V)een made of his early historical essays in which the heixnc and {wlventurous features of the awifn r^(/ime, in l)oth Canada and Acadie, are ut surely ripeniiig his sj>ecial gift for c< institutional research and analysis, in which his greatest triumphs have been won. His " Parliamentary Procedure and Prac- tice, with an intnKluctory account of the original gi-owth of Parliamentary Institutions in Canada," pul)lished in 1885, was the tirst imjiortant i-esult of the special studies for which his ta.stes, knowledge and position gave him ex- cepticjnal advantjiges. The volume was promptly greeted by the highest authorities in lK)th hemispheres as a work of real merit, eliciting from the political and legal press and from distinguished students in the same field of investigation, connuendations most flattering to the author. His smaller volume, the " Hand Bk of Constituti(»nal History of Canada," is written in a jMipular style, and was intended to serve Jis a text-lM)ok in universities. In this capacity it has dsition, which involve a large amount of correspondence with learned IxKlies and persttnages in all parts of the world, and a chief si ire in the arrangements for the annual meetings, Dr. Bourinot was, at his desire, relievetl in May last, when the society met in M-nitreil. He was at once unaninumsly elected Vico-P resident, amid enthusiastic ap- plause. There is not a member of tlie society who could not bear witness to Dr. Bourinot's unfailing courtesy as well as exemplary diligence duiing his tenure of the Secretariat. Queen's University I'ecognized his patriotic services to literature by conferring on him the honorary degree of LL.D., while his tdnia nutUr made him a D.C.L., the same honour l)eing conferred on him by King's College, Windsttr, N.S., the oldest of Canadian universities, on the occjision of its centenary celebration. His services to the Dominion an(l the Empire, by his IxKjks and articles on the history, constitution, statistics and genei-al development of Canada, and its value as a part of the Queen's domain, were graciously recognized by Her Majesty, who, in 1890, createtl him a companion of the distin- guished ordei- of Sfiint Michael and St. (Jeorge. We have alretwly mentioned that Dr. Bourinot is a member of the Advisory Council of the / merican Academy of Social and Political Science. He is also the tirst Canadian t<» receive the distinction of mend^ership in the Council of the American Histoiical Association. These high testimonials to his abilities and lalxmrs — especially in the great Held of research which, as far as Canada is concerned, he has PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. mi made peculiarly his own, have lieen mentioned liecjiuse they are f<»rmal and otticial. But they tlo not by any means constitute the entire range of recognition which his works have received. It is to the judgment of his fellow littprnteurx or investigators in the tirst place, and secondly to the cliuss of enliglitened resulers, especially interested in his enquiries or expositions, that the constitutional or historical s{)ecialist ln " Pailiamentary Pro- ceduje and Practice " h;us taken rank as a standard authority on the subjects of which it treats, and has l)een quotetl again and again in the general anrl local legislatures as an ultimate tribunal in all disputed questions. " Bourinot," (iis the work is called), has also l)ecn brouglit liim int^) prominence, and it wsis not long liefore he foun examination after ten years' experience in clinical work in the Ottawa general hospital. In addition to the degrees ali*eady mentioned, he is a meml)er of the Royal College of Surgeons, London, and fellow of the Geological Society of England. He is eri(Kl of thirty yeai-s during winch he Iwus contributed valuable essays on medical and scientific subjects to the leiuline statef Corritnony, and is one of the honorary vice-presidents foi- the woild of the Clan-Cxrant Society of Glasgow. On Jan. 22nd, 1806, Sir James married Maria, daughter of the late Edward Malloch, who sat for Carleton in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada, and in the old Parliament of Canada after the union. The result of the niaii'iage was a family of twelve children, seven of whom are living. Of his sons, the eldest, Dr. J. A. Grant, is practis- ing in Ottawa ; the second. Dr. H. Y. (Jiant, who was educated at Mc(Jill College, Montreal, and in London and New Yctrk, was lecently appointed lectuier in Aural Surgery in the ITniversity of IJuH'alo ; the third, Edwaid C, is Manager of the Ottawa Luml)er Cf < )ttawa ; the youngest, William W., distinguished himself at the Royal Military College, Kingston, winning a position in the Royal Engineers, but at present he is engaged in electiical engineering iji Canada. Thi'ee daughters are still living een moreoi' le.ss intimately associated with public afi'aii-s in Westei-n Canada, and the gentleman whose name leads this sketch is a not unwoithy member of the old and distinguished family of which he is a scion. His ancestors, on the paternal side, were Eng- lish. His irrandfather, Thomas Merritt, like other I". E. Loyalists, at the close of the revolutionaiy war, — during the continuance of which he was a cornet in the Queen's Ranger.s, — gave up their homes in the Ameiican colonies and t(M)k refuge in those porti(»ns of the con- tinent in which Rritish a"*^' .>rity still held sway. Leaving his property ;.i New York state, and accompanied by his wife, Mary Hamilton, whimi he hail married at Charleston, S.C., in 1781, he [)roceeded to New Brunswick. That region, however, did not meet his expectations, and after remaining a few years, he and his wife set their faces towards old Canada. It was on July ."b'd, ITO.'*, while joui'neying westward, that William Hamilton Meiritt was born. On reaching Upper Canada, in 179f), the family settled in what is now called Lincoln county, the sitr partly of St. Cathariries am! })artly of the nourishing district around it, then little more than a tiackless forest. It is unnecessary to dilate upon the tiials and hardships which the settlei-s had then to undergo ; they were such as were incidental to the country's pioneeis, though they were met with dogged courage .and invincible foi'titude. When the war of 1812 bntke out, the head of the family again t(K»k the fiehl, this time as a majoi- of cavalry, in which capacity he did gcMKl service. In 1800 he was a]tj)ointed surveyor of wcmmIs and forests, and he was from 1803 to 1820 high sheriff of the dis- trict of country stretching all the way from Niagara to the Detroit river. William Hamil- ton Merritt grew up with the country, and in time t«M>k his place as arentslieiii<; Thomas and Mary Prenderi;ast, and l)e came to America when a youth, settling in Pawlinix, Duchess county, N.Y. There he married and had a lar^e family, the Dr. Prender- j^ast already mentioned heinji his fouith s(»n, hi)rn May l.'Uh, 17!;C). Tn ISO."), the Dr. came to Canada t<. ])ractise his jn-ofession, and thence he removed to Mayville. Chautaus|ua county. N.Y., i!i ISl 1. William Hamilton Merritt, thuu.-rh still a vouni; man. was a captain of draiiooMs dui'ini; t.U' war of 1S12-14, and took part in the hattlts of Detroit, Stonev Creek arul Lundys T^ine. He received his conunission as ensign in the 4th Lincoln militia fiom (iovernoi- (Jore, May •_*")th, iSll : as lieutenant in the first troop of Niaijara Liyht Drai^onns from ^^ajor-(n'neral Sir Isaac P>rock, April l*4th, ISll' ; and as ca]> tain in the Provincial Dragoons fiom Major- (ieiieral Sir R. Hale Sheafle. then apin;,' trade, in which he was exteiisixclv enya^ied until ISdi), when he sold out to Messrs. Norris iV Neeloii. He was one of the eailiest direct shipjiers of flour from Cj>per Canada to Halifax and New- foundland, and thus did his share of building.; up a tiade lietween those distant jiarts of the country ; tlie vessels which went east laden with flour leturned with caijfoes of su^ar, salt, molasses, etc. He also projected a line of Iniats from Hrantfoi'd to St. Catharines, to connect with his lake line of steamers to Montreal, which continued runninii from 1S".0 until the (!reat Western Railway went into opeiation in isr)4. Hesides the alMiNc. Mr. Merritt had other iin|iortant financial and busi- ness connections, some ()f which he still retains. Foi- twenty-one years he was jnesident of tlie Niai,'ara District Rank, and on its amaliiama- tion with the Imperial Rank of Canad.i, si.vteen years ai^o, lie was made vice-piesident of the lalt'-r institution, a position which he has con- tiiuiously held since. He was a director of the Wellami railway from 1SC)L> to 1S,S4. and chairman of the lM>ard durinji; nearly the whole of that time. To this enterjuise he <;ave a yi-eat deal of attention, usinji his Iw-st energies to promote its success, and when the road was sold to the (iranil Trunk, in 1SS4, he received a handsome and valuable testimonial from the shareholders as a mark of their appreciation of his loMj; services. He has been pi'esident of the Security Loan i*L' Savin<;s Co., of St. Catharines, since its formation twenty-one years ai(o ; j)resi- deiit of the St. Catharines (Jas Liyht Co. for almut the same perioil, and a director of the Niajjara Prills Suspension Rrid'^e Co. since lS(l"i. Of the last-named cor})oration he has been {iivsident for now two years, having been chosen successor to the late Sheriff' NN'oodrutf".. Tn politics, he has always been a staunch Con- servative, and for yeai"s he stiKwl in the fr(»nt rank of his party. Tn ISOS, on the a])pointment of the late Hon. James W. Rensoii to the Senate, he was elected to re])resent I^inc(tln county in the Dominion Parliament. He was ayain re- turned at the j^eneral election in 1S72, but on the dissolution <^f the House by the .Mackenzie administration, in 1S74, he declined renomina- tion, and since that time has not taken a very active part in j)olitics. Tn leliirion, he is a memlier of the Church of Fjiiiiland, in which faith he was Ixirn and brouiiht up, and to whose institutions he is a lilieral sui>porter. He takes ► •■« I I'ROMIXKXT MEX OF C AX AD A. mn L a lif'iirtv interest in Uisliop I'idlev C<»II«'<,'»', St. t'atliaiiiK's. an institution wliidi was upfiifd in iSS'.t. and of whifli lit' is piesidtMit. In ISa;'!. Mr. Mfiritt nianifd Maiv. fidfst daui,ditt'r of tlie late Thomas Irt-nsoii. a int'inlK!!- of a well- known family in the counties of Peteilxiro' and hurham. .NFr. Meiiitts family lesidtMue. Hy himself, is one of the most iH-autiful and ehaiinini,dy situated in the whole leiiion around St. Catharines. As a litizen. Mr. Menitt is distinv'uished not oidy hy manv eminent ser\ iies. hut l>y the jiossession of those <|Ualities wliith ai-e of hi;.'li sei\ ire to the connnonwealth. His standing for integrity and honour has always U'cn hi^'h. ii'id anions his hosts of friends he ]M»ss»'sses that genuine res|K'et and esteem which are only U'stowed wheie nio-t worthily won. LIKITKNANTCOLONKL THP] HON. (J. A. KIUKPATHICK, Q C, Kuif/st'iii, Out. IKl'TEXANT- COLON EL THE HON. (;E()H(iE A I HEY KIUKPATHICK. LL.l).. (^C. M.P., P.C, is the fourth son of the late Tlximas Kirkpatrick. <^>.C., foi"- merly of Coolmine, county l)ul)lin, Ire- land, a distinj^uished lawyer of Kinj^ston, Out., and for years the representative in parliament of Frontenac, of wiiich Kinj;- ston is the county seat. The subject of this sketch was horn in Kingston, on the l.'Uh of S;-ptemher, IS4I. His early studies were pros.'cuted in the j^rannnar school of his native city, aft.-r which he atto-nded the hiiih school at St. Johns, P.Q. For his collei^'e trainin-,' he crossed the oc:»an, aiul eniolled himself anion*; the students of th" far-famed Trinity Collej^e, Dahlia. Always an apt and dili,<;ent student, he devoted himself with jj;reat assiduity to his studies, feelini,' that the honour of his country, amonj; his classmates at least, was in a certain sense in his keejiinj;. After a hrilliant univer- sity career, he graduated with honours, winnini; his A.[$. and LL.H. dejirees, and heconiing iikkI- erator and silver medallist in law, literature, and political economy. Heturnini,' to Canada, he eiiteitd u}ion the study of law, and was duly called to the har. Tn 1865, he hejjau the prac- tice of his profession as junior partner in his father's otiice. From his early youth jfreat thin;:;s weie looked foi- hy his friends, as he had shown himself to he jjifted with liiiili talents. Shortly after his fiftieth hirthday, F^dward IMake, speakin;r of himself, said, "having reached that age which T am now disposed to regard as the prime of life." His contemjMuary in years, Mr. Kirkpatrick. may fitly make the same ohservation with resj»ect to himself, for he is still regarded as one of the younger men in ]>uhlic life. Not oidy has he an honourahle record, hut he has the j»ro.spect of yet rendering manv puhlic services, ami of winning many and signal honours. Considering his years and op] lort unities, there are few men who have won distinction in so many fields of activity. In professional life, Mr. Kirkpatrick is known as a well-read, clear-sighted lawyer. ,\.s t^ueen'.s Counsel, he wears with cn-dit to himself the silken gown of the profession. That honour was conferred on him on the lltli of Octoher, 18M0. His (if nil' iiiiiftr conferred u|m»ii him the degree of LL.D. in June. iSSf. Outside of his profession. Lieiitenant-Colonel Kirkjiatrick has many, widesj)reauslied that project to success. Fi-om the outs.'t he has heeii, and still is, a director of the company. Another ini}M>rtant enterprise with which he has heeii ])i-oinineiitly croved hy the greatest experts in Eng- land. Before the construction of these engines, none similar existed any where else. Foui- have since l>een huilt hy the Haldwin Locomotive Works for use in the Saiiiia tunnel. An im- jxatant jxtint to lie n(»ted in Mr. Kiikpatricks career as a capitalist and man of husiness was his eh'ctioii in 1SS7 as a director of the Cana- dian Pacific Hallway Company, an otiice which he still holds. He is a memlH'r and directoi- of sev.'ral otheiincorjHuated companies, and in the share he takes of their management, he has I • •• IM I'KOMIXFXT J//7.V OF CAXADA. shown hiniselt' to l»e the possessor of tlie (|U!ili- ties most ossenti.il to success. From early lite, Mr. Kirkpjitrick has taken an active and in- tellieaceful duties of military trainin;; and parade. Durinjf the excitement occasionefl by the Trent affair, Mr. Kirkpatrick eiuoUed in the militia, and a little later, when the threat- ened Fenian invasion caused such an outburst of loval enthusiasm tluouyhout Canada, he was in camp at Con the Canadian frontier. They found the Canadian volunteei"s tcni anxious to receive them, how- ever, and defeired their attack at this j)oint. Dui'in;:; this affair. Mr. Kii'kj)atrick was adju- tant of the 14tli Princess of Wales' Own Rifles of Kinj,'ston. Subsequently he was promoted to the conunand of the 47th Frontenac BattiUion. with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. This po- sition he held until 1890, when he retired, re- taininj; his rank. Foi- many years, Lieutenant- Colonel Kirkpatrick was president of the Do- minion Ririe Association, an or<(anizjition which, thoujjh not a part of the volunteer system, i-e- ceived the patronage of the Dominion (iovern- ment foi' the excellent service it renders in promoting efficiency in the handling of tire-arms. The Colonel is himself a ritle shot of no mean ability. He was chosen to command the Wimbledim team of 1S76. Mr. Kirkpatrick ha>> always taken great interest in every work for the improvement of the condition of thi* people. He has given a good deal of attention to educational matters, and was for .several years chairman, and afterwai'ds secretiiry, of the board of trustees of the collegiate institute of Kingston. He is at present also chairman of the board of the Kingston (Jeneral Hospital. It is as a public representative, however, that Lieutenant-Colonel Kiikpatrick is best known. The seat for the constituency of Frontenac having l)een left vacant by the death of Iiis father, in 1S70, a large deputation of influential men of the county waited upon Mr. Kirkpatrick, and requested him to allow him.self to be nominated. He i'ccej)ted. and, as nomination on the Conservative platff)rm in I'rontenac is etjuivalent to election, he sport('r of the (Jovernnient of the day, led by the lat^' Sir.Iolin A. Macdonald. He luis now attainttl his majority as a memlter of parliament, and in all that time has continued to represent the same constituency. This, of itself, is a record such !is few public men can show. With his usual thoroughness. Mr. KiikjK trick devoteest authoiities in the House, and when his fiiends were driven into op|M>si- tion. his knowledge provey his thoiough knowledge of the rules of debate, bv his dignified and courtlv bearing, and bv his fairness and magnanimity even in the keenest jMilitical warfaie, Mr. Kirkpatrick had marked himself out as a coining S|M*akei' of the Do- minion House of Commons. Under tin' un- written law which assigns this othce to Fjiiglisli- sj>eakiiig and Frencli-sj)eaking rejuesentatives alternately, he was debarred from it in the first }>iirliament, during which the restored govern- ment of Sir John A. Macdonald held iM)wer. Hon. T. W. Anglin having presided during the Liberal regime, which had just l)een brought to a close. He was mad»' chairman of the iin- p<»rtant committee on public accounts. At the fii-st oj»p«»rtunity, on the assembling of the tiftli parliament on the Stli of February, ISS.'}. Mr. Kirkpatri'k was chosen as Speaker. He pre- sidetl over the delilierations of the House with impaitiality and dignity, that won for him not only th" g(MKl will and resj)ect, but the admira- tion of members (ui both sides of the House. It was the Hon. Mr. Kirk[>atrick's duty to preside during the " Franchise Session," as it w;is called, that of 1SS.'>. Owing to the extreme length of this session, and the fierceness of the 4 ■ ••< /'A v'A'.Vy Mh'.V OF VAX ADA. 16T party warfan*. tlu' ilirticniltii-H of tli»' S|ieak«'f's {Mtsitioii w«'ii' |>«'rlia)»s j;ivat«*r tliuii in any <»tli»'r st^Nsion. I5y his tlioiiiti^li knowN-ilm' i»t" |mrlia- UH'Mtarv ftih's. his s«uin(l funiinnn si-ns*-. anii;;h the onh-al in a nianntM- to win for hini- stlf thr lii;.'lifst »-rfrt«-rs. One of tlir most notici-ahlc tVatures of liis caifei- sim-e tliat tiiiif is liis advmai V of ifiipriHit y in wreekini;. His jiio|H>sal was that the Canadian j;ovcrnnii'nt should atrept the otfer niiule hy the I'nite*! States to all<»w the wrecking tiijp* of eitlier coiinti-v to enter tlie watei's of the otiier fi>r the piirj>os«' of jissistinj; \essels in distress, or of re- enverin;; v«'ss«'ls tliat weiv h»st. This pro]Misjil .Mr. Kiikpatrick einlMKlied in a hill, whieh he siueeeih-ii at last in induein;; the House of Coinnions to jkiss, only to have it thrown out in the Senate. This wjls in ISSi). In the sessi'>n 4>f lS!)(Jhedit proceed with the hill, 1h'- eause it wjus statetiatiractieally the siime situation e.xisted, the suhjett iM'in;^ one of those mentioned in the despatch of ( Jovernor-tleneral Lorreferment. The ditticulties in the way have, however, led to the day of reconstructii)n In-inji ]KistiMined from time to time, and the country, and esjiecially Ontario, is thus deprived of the services of some of the alilest men. Of these, it may l»e said, there is not one whose ahilitv is more widely lecdjinized than is that of .Mr. Kirkpatrick. Only very exceptional and un- luoked for circumstances are likely to keep him ">ut of a cabinet jxfsitiiin. He is now a mem- l)er of the piiw council, havin<; In^en sworn in on the 20th of May. 1891. Mr. Kirkpat- rick is a meinl)er of tlie Church of Enj^dand. He was married on tiie ioth of October, 1 !*'();■», to Frances Jane, dau<,'hter of the late Hon. John Macauley. This lady died on the •JUth of January, 1S77. On 'the ^Gth of Septemlx'r, ISS.S, at the British enil)assy, Paris, he was married a second time to Tsaliel Liuisa, youn<;est dauifhter uf Sir Duvid L. ' Macpherson. St'nator. fonnerly Sp«\iker of the Senate, and afterwards Minist4>r of the In- t^-rior. H. K. CHAHLTON, lliiiiiillnii. Out. t^O|{ many yeurs jwist the }{e?itlenian wh<»se name apjK'aiN at the head of this sketch h:Ls occupieil a liij^h place in siK-ial and business circles in Hamilton. I»«'njaniin F^rnest Charl- ton \sas Ikmk in llrant , and married -Maria .M. l>owerman at li|>tiUlti' of liijilifl- honom-s t«'ii(l('it'(l liiiii l>y liis |>.iity. Mr. C'liiul- toii liiis ti':i\(>llf(l iiiiK-li ill liis tiini-. and it may Im' assumed not without jirotit to liimsi-lf. lie sides liis visits to various parts of C^iiiada and the I'liitetl States, lie has tia\elled thiou^'h the IJritish Isles. I'^iaiite. Italy and Switzerland, and \ isited those eountiies of ancient histoiieal and liiiilieal fame, lOiiypt and Palestine. In reliifion, he is a worthy niemlK'r of the Presby- terian cliurth. In 1S.")4. he married Sarah ElizjilM'tii. a dauifhter of the late Kdward IJar- l)er, of Hamilton, a huiy who has won distinc- tion l»y the hij^h excellence of her literaiy pi'oductions. Ml-. Charlton has a larj^e circle of warm friends wlio eiiteitain for him the highest resjM'ct. CHARLES HOP.LVSON SMITH, IfiihiUtnti, Onf. n K. SMITH, as he is familiarly known, is \Jt an Enj^lishman l»y liirtli, ha\in,i; heen horn at Scarl)orouj,di, Yorkshire, .January I'Uth. 1)^."?S. His father w;is Edward Smith, and his mother Elizal)eth, whose niaide.i name was Walker. He studied in the juincipal scIkmiI in his native town, aiid thouj^h he completed his education at an earlv ajfe, the institution l»ein he was a memU'r of the advisory Intard of the Province of <)iitario in connection with the Centennial Exhibition at Pliiladelphia, and in li^ST he was secretary of the cMiiniittee of ariaiigements for securing Hamilton repiesentation in the Indian and Co- lonial F^xhibition at l^ondon. England. In iSS'.t he was secretary treasurer of the citizens" com- mittee, chosen to de\is;' and carry out the pro- grammi- of the great summer carnival, w liicli did so nmch honour to the And)itious City, and again, in the following year, he was selected sec- letary of the committee of the famous band tour- nanu'nt. In this celebration he was the chief director of the arrangements, and much of the success achieved was due to his individual efVorts. Hamilton s (Jieat Central I'air has also bene- fited much from Mi-. Smiths energetic work in connection with this organization. Foi- se\eral years he held the position of superintendent, and on the death of the late secretary, Jonathan I)avis, he was elected his successor ; and to the imjMirtant duties devolving upon him in this C(mnection were added, in lf<90, those of the treasurership. In February. 1«*<90, he was elected President of the Canadian Association of Fairs and Exliibitions at the annual conven- tion, held in Ottawa, and again elected in 1S!>1. As Secretary of the IJoard of Trade, to which he was elected iu ISS'J, and wliidi he still holds, Mr. Smiths post is one of gi-eat importance in connection with the com- merce and trade of the city, and he is univer- sally regarded as one of the most efficient offi- cials of the iKtard. The cause of education has for years comiiwuided a considerable share of his attention. In August. 1S77, he was elected to the l>oar:l of Education, and has since l)een a member continuously. He was chairman of that body in ISSO and again in 1?ard of management, and a niemi>er of the Sons of England. In politics he is a leachng supjMirter of the Lil)ei-al-Conservative ))arty. For ten years he was secretary of the Hamilton L. C. Association, resigning only when elected t CHARLES R. SMITH, HAMILTON, OnT. I J. 160 PROMINEXT MEN QF CANADA. Secretary of the Board of Trade. He is a mem- ber of the Church .sition, and has manv waiin and attached friends. THOMAS MAYNE DALY, Q.C., M.P., llnuiditu^ Man. THOMAS MAYNE DALY, Q.C., M.P. for Selkirk, Manitoba, bears a name intimately associated with the early settlement and ile- velopment of Western Ontario, and also with the ix)litical history of Canada since Confedera- tion. Mr. Daly's grandfather, Lieut.-Colonel I. C. W. Daly, represented the Canada Ccmi- pany and the IJank trf Ui)per Canada at Strat- ford fnmi 18.*52, or from the very beginning of things, so far as Stratford and the old " Huion Tract "' are concerned. Lieut.-CoL Daly was a member- of the first council of the district of Hur<»n, and when Stratford achieved the digni- fied position of a town in ISoS he was elected its first mayor by acclamation. He was for years the magistrate and cot-oner for a very large territory, and was universally res{)ected as a true ge.itleman of tiie old school. His son, Thomas Mavne Dalv, father of the sub- ject of this sketch, was a native of Hanulton. He spent practically tiie whole of his life in Stratford, taking a foremost place among the public men of Ontario. He assumed the cares of public life early in his cai-eer, being but twenty-one years of age when he was elected to represent Downie in the Huron dis- trict council. Two years latei-, in 1S.">(), he was cho.sen first reeve of North-Ea.st Hope. When the county of Perth was organized in 18o4, Mr. Daly was chosen as its first rejire tentative in the legislative assembly of tlu' old jirovince of Canada. In the geneial election of 18")7 he was oppo.sed by Hon. Willisim ]\Iacdi)ugall, then in the very prime of what has |»roved to be a long and active public life. Mi-. Daly was again successful, but he fell in the contest with Hon. M. H. Poley in 1S()1. As Mr. Foley had been elected als<» for South Waterloo and chose to hold that seat, Peith was again thrown open and Mr. Daly was returned against the late Rol)ert Macfarlane. At the next election he was defeated, but his friends had still every faith in him as their standard-bearer, and when the fii-st general election after Confederation was held (the county having been divided into two ridings under the British North America Act) they |)resse(l Mr. Daly to accept the nomina- tion for North Perth. He did so and was op- posed by Mr. James Kedford, the result Ijeing a defeat for Mr. Dalys friends. In the general election f)f 1872, however, Mi-. Daly defeated Mi-. Bedford and thus .sat thi-ough the shoit- lived Parliament whose tuibulent existrnce covere^. the •' Pa' ific .scandal" episcnle, and ended with the resi^'nation of the Macdonald- Cartier administiation. Mr. Daly was (ioNcrn- ment " whip" in this parliament, and was the mover of the adjournment of the debate on the niglit l)efore the ministry fell. He ie])i-esented North Perth in the local legislature for a year from 1874 t^> tiie close of the second parliament, and was defeated in the general election. Iri 1878 he was offered the nomination f(»r North Perth for the Donunion, but having deteiniined to retire to private life he declined the honour. His wife was Helen McLaren Ferguson, daugh- ter of Peter Ferguson, architect, of Stratford, and the second .son of this couple is Thomas ]Mayne Daly, the subject of the present sketch. Thomas Mayne Daly was born in Stratford, on the Ifith of August, 18.")2. After he had gained the rudiments of his educatiori at home he was sent to L^j)per Canada College, Toronto, whei-e he nuule rapid pi-ogiess in his studies. He had eai-ly deteiniined to follow the profes- sion of the law, and following out that \)\iu\, on leaving college he entered the office of Carroll tt McCulloch, Stratford, Out., and afterwards studied under Hectoi- Cameron, Q.C., Toronto, and subseijueiitly witli the Honourable* T. B. Pardee, in Sarnia, Ontario. He was called to tlie bar in 187(5 and at once began practice in his nati\e town. Considering his antecedents, it is not to be wondered at that he had a decided leaning towards public aflairs. He t(H)k the leading part in forming the Young Men's Conservative Ass()ciation in 1878 and was the first president of that organization. He was elected to the town council in 1880 and again in 1881, and was one of the most promin- ent men on the board. He took great interest in educational affairs as well, and was for a time private member and late chairman of the Stratford school board. While in that position he was instrumental in having some important reforms made in the administration of educa- tional aflairs in the town. He identified him- self also with the militia .service and becfuiie (juartermaster of the 28th, Peith, battaHon. When he retired in 1881 he iiehl the rank of captain. In that year he decided to lemove to Manitol)a, concerning who.se future he had the most brilliant expectations. He chose Bran- dt*! t u I THOMAS M. DALY, Q.C., M. P. Brandon, Man. I 162 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. don, tlien a very small place and spafsely settled, as his home, and commenced the piac- tice of his profession. In 1883 he was joinetl by Mr. (Jeoi-ge R. Caldwell and established the law tirm of Daly »i: Caldwell, which proved veiy succes.sful from the bejjinnins;, and of which he is still the head. With his usual activity and public spirit, he plunged at once into politics and proved himself at all times one of the mainstays of the Conservative cause in the tlistrict he had chosen as his home, and the Province at large. AVhen the first general election in the district for the local legisla- ture was held, a few months after his arrival, Mr. Daly was the returning officer, as he was also for the first nuinicipal election for the c mnty of Brandon in the December follow- ing. When Bi-andon city was incorporated, he was elected its first mayor, thus emulating the triumphs of his granilfather and father in the district in which tliey were pioneers. He rendered such important services to the new comnmnity as its chief magistrate, that in 1884 he was triumi)hantly re-elected. When, largely through Mr. Daly's efforts, the first Liberal-Conservative Association was foniied, he was chosen its first president, and has been a tower (*£ strength to the party up to the present time. He is a Bencher of the Ljiw Society of Manitoba, and was a member of the Protestant Board of Education for the province. Mr. Daly entered parliament in 1887, being elected by a majority of 179 over his Liberal opponent, Mr. John A. Christie. He was re-elected in the genei-al election of 1891 after a fierce contest, in which his op- ponents confidently, yet mistakenly, predicted his downfall. Mr. Daly was appointed Q.C. in January, 1890, by the Dominion Govern- ment. In pulianient Mr. Daly has taken a prominent place, being a g., where, after a successful course, he graduated with the degret^ of J'achelor «>f Alts. He then took a }>ost-graduate course in Yale, where, after two years hard study, he won the degree of Doctoi' of Philosopn,. Having tletermined that the pursuit of learn- ing, which was his greatest j>leasure, shouUl also !)•■ his means of li\eIihood, he crossed the ocean to spend son' ■ time in the famous llni- t PKOMIXEXr MEX OF C AX A DA. 165 versity of HeideUHTj;, where he pui-sued, as a .sj)efialtv, th(' study <»f iiitfiiiatioiial law. C)n liis rt'tiirii to liis lioiiu>, ii< 1S7"», Dr. Weldoii accepted a jjinfessorship in his ahua mater. While yini,' tliis position he eoiitimied his It'i'al stii»n»'s aiieared in public life in lfathized strongly and (tjieidy with the Conser- vatives. In the contest of 1SS7 the Conserva- tives of Albert, in his native pi'ovince, asked him to be their candidate, and to this he con- sented. Once in the struggle he fought with the vigour and determination characteristic of him. He took the stump and ;iddressed meet- ings in every part of the county. The work was vastly difTerent fi' »m that to which he had been accustomed, but, once o\ er the early em- l)arrassments of the situation, lie made a fine platform sj)eaker. Albeit county had been Liberal before ISSl'. but now it returni'd a Con- servative. In the contest of |SS7. a mighty t'flbrt was made by the Liberals of New Bruns- wick to stam]iede all the close counties on the cry that the re not fully alive to the situation. .MImmI county, however, was held to the Conservative ranks mainly by theeai-nest work j)ut into the contest by the candidate. Di'. Weldon was returned by a majority of Il'4. Fn the last general election in ISDl, he wjis again successful. In his parliamentaiy career. Dr. Wehlon has attracted great attetition. Thoi gh not a memlier of the cabinet, he is always classed amongst the foienutst men on his side of the House. His sjK»eches, as might be exj>ected, are scholarly and show tine literary finish. At the same time he is one of the most uneven speakers in the Ht>use. Speaking under the influence of strong feeling, and even with- out j)reparation, his style is polished, while at the same time there is a force and vigour in his way <»f j)utting his thoughts which causes him to l)e regarded as one of the foremost oratois of the House, and ensures the close attention of all while he has the fl(K)r. On the other hand, those spe«'ches which he has had time to pre- jtare sometimes lack this force. There is the same scholarly style, Imt not the same effect. The niembei- foi- Albert is undoubtedly looked up to as one of the strong men of the Conserva- tive party. At the same time he is too inde- pendent and fair-minded to be a mere paitizan. Where the majority of meml)ers of the House are depended upon to follow the behests of tlieir })ai"ty leadei's. Dr. Weldon is among the few w1k> have an individuality and are expected to assert it shcaild paity exact more than they are likely to cs lies clearly in one directicm, he acts without hesitation. On the other hand, he is an Impeiialisf, moved as a ]toet IS moved by contemplation of the gran- deur of Imperial countries. He desires to achieve for his country a. higli and attainable 2)lace in the roll of nations. Having those 166 l'RO}fryEXT MEX OF CANADA. sympathies which are not usually found uniteoitu!iities. Should he discover ori<;- inally or through others some truth in ei-orntmic science which connnends itself to his judiiment and his heart, as one by which "^reat j>r;ictical ])rol)lems are solved, ho will do much to make Canada an exponent of that truth. On the other hand, should the ])osition of Canada he threatened hy measures which seem to him like- ly to lower hei- jiosition, he may l)e found the leader on the Imperialist side. At piesent he classes himself as a believer in the protecti\e piincii>le. as a temjiorary expedient, but not necessaiily in the wliole of the piesent ])rotec- tive system. His sympathies are with the Tm- j)erial Fedeiationists, but lie awaits the i>io])osal of what .seems a 2)ractical plan of fusion before doing more than expressing sympathy. He favours the Free Trade principle, but will not follow it into wliat seems to him an abandon- ment of the rights and interests of the jiectple. Richard Chapman Weldon is a Saul among his l)eople. Those who have followed tiie jxililical hist(»ry of Sauls country and time, know that he remained in obscurity until there arose a great nntional crisis, followed by such a call to leadership as he could not doubt and dared not disobey. A like re«ult, when the opportunity comes, may be looked for from the subject of this brief sketch. ROBERT THOMSON, I/a mi/ foil. Out. THE success of the gentleman whose name ai)pears at the head of this sketch is the success of a man of resources. Combined with that chai'acteristic is that of thorough inisiness al)ility in the highest sense of the term. Robert Thomscm's name is rn in Dumfriesshire. Scotland. May 1*1, IS.'J."?. Tlis jiarents were William and Jear. Charteris Thom- son, the latter being a member of the ('harteris family of Amist^ -Id. Dumfriesshire. Scotland. They had thirteen children : six died in child- hss, a statement the truth of which has been amply established since the period when he left Halton county. The trade which he then took up has, under his shrewd aiul skilful management, growi\ to im- mense proportions. Jm>i- a long tinu' he has been largelv intt'i'ested in timliei- limits and :.iw-mill manufacturing business in Muskoka, Parry Sound and l{ainey Rivei- districts, and his connections in these regions form a very im- portant part in what is uiuloubtedly the laigest wholesale lumber trade in Western Ontario. y\y. Thomson has a branch at Windsoi-, with a fleet of boats caiiying IuuiIhm" from the north shore of the (!eoi-gian I'ay to the former point, whence it is distriltuted inland : and he has also agencies at (Jlasgow and Leith, Scotland, and at IJelfast, Tieland. Tn public matters Mr. Thomson has always exercised a strong influ- ence, though invariably refusing to allow himself to be put forward as a prominent figure. For the jiast three years he has in'en a director of the Traders Hank. In ])o|itics he has always been a Reformer and a firm suj)porter of his party. Tn religion he is a Presbyterian, and ii: Hamilton, where he now resides, he is a mem- ber of the congicgation worshij)ping in McXab- street church (Re\. Dr. Fletchei's), une of the most intiuenlial and laigely attended churches in the city. Mi-. Thomaon was married in the year iSfi.'J, and has issue one son, an upright and intelligent young gentleman, who is en- gaged in business with his father. Personally, .Mr. Thomson is a gentleman whose genei"ous dis position and genial (jnalilies secure for him the respect and esteem of the svholc connnunity. T y ^ f Jl |^r;% .^■7! r ;^^ # ^ ^H' ' . -' * - , wr ^ /■ - ■■ ' X'SJI^P^ ROBERT THOMSON, Hamilton, Ont. i 168 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. HON. A. A. MACDONALD, Chnrlofh'h.nn, I'. E. I. THE HON. SEN ATOM ANDIIEW AHCH- II'.ALD .MACI)(>NAL1> is ii nutiv.- and lifc-loiii,' resident ot' P. E. I., w lieiv his t'iitliei- and j^'raudfather l)ef(»ie him were, as lie himself has l)een, proiniiieiit ainoni; tlie leaders in eoimiiei- cial and jmhlic life. Andrew .Mawluiiahl, the grandfather of the suhject of this sketch, was a lesident <)f Tnveiness-shii-e. Scotland, and was led to eniijirate to I'lince Edward Island l)y reports of the fuvourahle jirospects enjoyed hy kinsme!! who had already taken up their al»2 until his death, in lN-")7, he was collector of customs at Three Itivers. His .son Andrew Ar-chibald Macdoii.-il' the subject of this sketch, is rrow in tii' nridst of arr active and useful life, the we--'.- - of honoui-s which he has won by dint of enei-gy, capacity and pulilic spir-it. I)or-n at Thr-ee River-s, on the 14th Febr-uar-y, 1S21>, Andr-ew Ar-chibald Macdorrald received a sctund educatiorr, partly in the public schools of the county arrd ])aitly urrder- private teachers, At the age of fifteen he In-cairre cler-k in a gerreial store kept by a relative at George- town. His iratuial ability early manifested itself, and, while still a youth, he became a irreinbei- of the firm. The paitner-ship was dis- solved by the death of the head of the firm in ;S-")l,and Mi-. Macdonald, then only twenty- two yeai-s (tf age, l)ought the estate and con- tinued the business. He took his two bi-othei-s into jiartner-ship, and the young fir-m, with the enter-pi-ise of youth, guided by juut, on a scrutiny in the !iouse, he was declared defeated by a naridw majority. In iSfi."? he was returned by the second disti'ict of Kinj^s county, to the lej,'islative council, which, in that year, hatl l)een niartant office in the capital. With characteristic energy he entered ujxtn numerous ref«»rms and improvements in the jiostal service of the island, l)eing greatly as- sisted by his intimate knowledge of business and his well-trained executive abilities. In 188] he receivejM>intn»ent of |M)st-office insj)ector for the province, which enabled him still further to improve the mail service. He resigned his j)lace only to accept the honcmrable and distinguished office of lieutenant-goveiiu.i' of his native p'-ovince. He discharged his duties during his tenure of this high office with tact and dignity which reflected the highest credit ujHtn him. He Wiis called to the Senate of the Dominion (»ii the 11th May, 1891. The al)Ove is a long record of public services, but it does not cover the sum of Hon. Mr. Macdon- alds useful and active life. In other fields than tlK»se (»f ]>olitics he has served the people well and faithfully, and has done much to advance the .social and moral well-l)eing of his native province and of the whole Dominion. A most important work was the settlement of the disputes arising out of the great constituti(»nal and economic change l)y which Prince Eut the completion of this gi-eat improvement in the means of connnunication. In 1875, on the completion of the Prince Edward Island Railway, differences arose res- pecting the settlement of accounts between the contractors and the (Jovernment, so that a resort had to be had to arbitration, and the gentleman chosen to represent the Government and the people was Hon. Mr. Macdonald. Mr. Macdonald has always taken an active interest in the great (juestions of education and temj>er- ance. He was for years a member of the Intard of education of the province and of the city school board of Charlottetown, and also one of the governors of the Prince of Wales College. As a temperance man, Mr. Macdonald has aflvocatetl the prohibition <»f the li(|uor traffic. Moreover, he set an examj)le which has often been <[Uoted by the advocates of temperance, when, as lieutenant-governor, he banished licjuor I ■K >^^ 170 I'ROMIXKXT MEN OF CANADA. fn»in the tal>le of tin- jffivcrmnent house. He has Uiken jKirt in ch{iritat)le work as well, and has (lone imu-h to ]»ronioti the welfare of the unfortunate. In tliis connection may Ik- nien- tioneil tlie fact that he has for yf'n^ lieen a most worthy as well as jn'ominent menil)er of the St. Vincent de Paul Society, and lM>riie the character of a most honourable and j»ul»lic- spirited citizen. In relij^ion he follows his ancestors in a sincere and devout attachment to the Roman Catholic faith. Mr. Macdonald was married in ll^O."?, to Miss Elizaln'th Owen, dauji;hter of Mr. Thomas Owen, foiineriy post- master-general of Piince Edwai-d Island. His family cim.sists of four sons. Of these, the eldest, ^neas Adolphe, is a barrister and attor- ney of the supieme court of Prince Edward Island, and a member of the firm of Macneill i^i: Macd(»nald of Charlottetown. The second .son, Archibald Percy, is in business as a jiartner with his uncle, A. C. Macdonald, Esq., M. P. Reginald Hugh, the third son, is eng.aged in the Peoples Bank of Halifax ; and tlie fourth son, Andi-ew Douglas, is now taking a business course at the Charlottetown Conmiercial Col- lege. SAMUEL S. KYCKMAN, M.P., Hamilton, Ont. QAMUEL SHOBAL RYCKMAN, M.P., KJ Hamilton, was b<^rn at Ryckman's Corners, (ilanford township. Went worth county, January 4th, 1849, his parents ])eing George Marlatt Ryckman and his wife Perimela Fink. Mr. Ryckman is descended from gd U. E. Loyal- ist stock, his grandparents having come to this country at the close of the revolutionary wai" and settled in Wentworth county, a few miles from where the city now stands. Ye.ars after- wards tlie grandfather was a surveyor in Ham- ilton, when it was but a village. His father was a man of prominence in military circles, and hekl a connnission as major in the old Wentworth cavalry. In his early years the subject of our sketcli attended the connnon school of his district, and was also for a time a pupil at the Hamilton central. At the age of twenty two he embarked :n the real estate busi- ness, a vocation which he has since followed more or less actively ; and, although not always giving his whole attenti(tn t<.' it, he has been most succ> ^sful. In 1SS4 he went into the i-etail grocery busine.ss in Hamiltcin, from which lie retii'ed .some two years ago, Jifter having carried on a highly successful cash trade. Prior to going into the grocery business he visited the North-West a nund)er of times, operating ex- tensively and profitably in farm lands. Being always actively engaged in busine.ss, it was not until recently that Mr. Ryckman took an active psvrt in public affairs, but since doing so he has risen rapidly in jiopular favour. He waselect«'d as akh-rman in No. '1 wai'd in IS'JO, and so salisfactoiy was his recortl that lie was again returnen the 14th of February, ISOT, he mairied Sarah Thointon, daughter of the late Daniel Thornt(m, of Rochester, N.Y., and has lu:d issue five children. Of these, three are living, — two daughters ami one .son, the latter lieing a student at Bishop Ridley College, St. Catharines. In juivate life, Mr. Ryckman is distinguished by many lovable (|ualities. He is a genial, kind-hearted and lil)eial man, and has hosts of friends, by whom he is held in much esteem. THOMAS LA WRY, JIdniilfot), Ont. THOMAS LAWRY, head of the well-known firm (»f Thomas Lawry i^- Son, ])oik-packers, is one of the repre.sentative business men of the city of Hamilton, who has by his own unaided exertions attained the honourable position he liolds in the connnunity in which he lives, as well as among those with whom he has had deal- ings in various paits of the countiy. Though not anutng the earliest manufacturers of his trade in Canada, he is one of the best-known, l)oth for the extent and the .success of his under- takings. By l)irth he is an Englishman, hav- ing been born in Cornwall, Januaiy 17, 1S42, but his life a.ssociations have been entirely Cana- dian. In 184.'), wlien but oneyeai'old, became to this country with his jiai-ents Henry James and Louisa Matilda (Tenney) Lawry. The family chose Hamilttjii as their iiome, wheie Mr. Lawry s father, well-remembeied as a gooil and kindly man, established himself in the meat trade, which he cariied on successfully foi' many years. He .sent liis soiv t(» the cential sch(H)l for a numl)er of yeai-s, giving him the advantage of a good practical education. After leaving school, the subject of our sketch was employed for some time with his father, and then, at the age of twenty years, he started for ►■♦♦I t 1 ^^^V^'il^^Hf . ^H 1 1 P^v «^^^ 1 1 1 SAMUEL S. RYCKMAN, M.P., Hamilton, Ont. r ITS PROM I NEXT MEX OF CANADA. himself in the wlioIesaU* und retiiil ineut husi- lu'ss. Tliis eiitcijdise, uiidfi- his skilful niiin- ii^iemeiit, has expuruled into one of the laij^est in the Dominion. For ahout tifteen years he op'ratetl in the flamiltoii market, anil then, in li^7(), he added the |K)rk-i>ackiii<; industiy, which son the market, and tin- shiewd busi- ness tact c»f him who was the head of the tinn srackin<( «'stahlisliment in Ham- ilton have t>een known in every part of Canada, westwartl to Vancouver, and eastward to the maiitime j)rovinces. C^nite an extensive exiM)rt trade has also heen cai-ried on hy 'he tiiin, not- al)ly with tiie West Indies, with (.reat Britain, and with France. The premi.ses occupied in the business are larj^e, ami its imj)ortance is evi- denceil by the fact that tor many years it has ^iven employment to hundreds of men, while it has affoi'ded a leady and pi'ofitable market for the [irtnlucers of <;ackin;i-house on MacNab and Charles streets, with a cajiacity of TjUO hofj;s a day ; and the Ontario packin<,'-house in the eastern part of the city, the premi.ses attached to which cover an area of ten acres, and havinu the advantai'e of excellent sliippinn rose to the position of reeve, which he held uninter- luptetlly for a period of tifteen yeais. In ISSl, he \\i\B elected warden <)f the county of Went- worth, and with such dignity and executive ability tlid he ilischarge the duties of the positi«m that he wjls re-electetl fur a second term in the following yeai-, at thecl')se of which term he retired fiom the council. In ayfricul- tural affairs, H. J. Ljiwry, his son, acted for years a {)rominent part, being associated with such men as Messrs. Get)rge Hoacii, William Hendrie, and the late Peter Crant, in building up the Hamilton Great Central Fair Association. In politics, he has always been a Conseivative, an energetic and influential worker, and one whom his party would long ago have honoured by- sending him to Parliament, had business reasons not forced to decline. In religion, he is an ad- herent een connected with the Masonic Order. In Mcirch, lSr)2,Mr. Lawry married Mary Elizjibeth, daughtei- of Peter Filman, of Barton township, the issue of their union In'ing four children two l)oys and two girls all of whom are li\ ing. The eklest son, Harry, is the junioi- jKirtner in the firm of Thos. Ljiwry it Son, in which he has eing the thii'd of the numl)er. One other member of the family sliowed great promise, Hoj>e F. Mackenzie, but he was not spared long in the careei- which he had begun so brilliantly. In 1S4'J Alexander emigrated to Canada, set- tling at King.ston, but after a short period he set up business for himself as a builder and con- tractor at Sarnia, in Western ( )ntario. Here, while the stonn of party passion was at its high- est, the future j)remier of Canada calndy con- ducted his piivate avocations, though it is said that he was all the while giavely and with the most painstaking care studying public questions. He had lieen a Whig in Scotland, and he brought his Libeialism with him acro.ss the .sea. It is nt)t t<» Ik' wondered at that the autocratic and reactionary doings of Lord Metcalfe met with his heai'tiest disapproval. In \H'yl ap- pealed the Liunhton SJiit'lil, with Mr. Mackenzie as its editor ; and for two years with singular tlearne.ss, force and directne.s.s, he contended through the columns of that paper for that expansion of popular liberty which, not a littlo through his exertions, was in practical political life afterwards achieved. He was first elected ♦ t HON. ALEXANDER MACKENZIE, M.P., Toronto, Ont. 174 PROMIXEXT 3fEX OF CANADA. 1 t<» Piirliiuuent in ISOI, for Liinibton : and he had no s(HHier taken his j>lace in the House tlian he attracted attention. His style of parlia- nientaiv delrite was unusual, but it was very aceeptalile. Tliere was no 1 'nster, no unsu{>- j»ort,ed assertion, no freaks of blind passion, but every conclusion was reasoned from filaiiily ' tstablislied grounds, in the most lucid, fair and | incisive laii,L,'ua<^e. Perhaps there was no other ; member in the House tlieii — or since — whose utteiances revealed so much j)atient and accur- j ate research ; and the (juality, this " cajtacity j foi' takinji trouble, " as Carlyle has phiased it, | was characteristic of liis whole subsequent | careei'. He favoured Confederation, but had little sympathy with the coalition, and refused tlie ottice of the Presidency of the Ctiuncil upon the retirement of George Brown from the ex- temporized administration. From the union of 1S()7 till l!^7.{, he was leader ^' the Reform paity in the House of Connn tiiul in the last named year was placed at the head of the entire Liberal party of the Dominion. C)n the oth Novembei', IST-^ upon the resij^nation of 8ir John Macdonald, he was called upon by Lord DufFerin to form an administration. The administration came upon the scene when the stars had taken an evil course A period of j^enf^ral depression had fallen upon the com- merce of the civilized world, and Canada had to bear her burthen of the misfurtune. As an adnrinistrator, Mr. Mackenzie conscientious, and l(t()kin<; calmly now at ai le acts of his cai*eer, there is not one deed ot nis that can l)e stamped with reproach. So faithfully did he do his duty, so anxious was he to be master of the details of his double department railways an«l canals and public v.orks that his health gave way undei- the stiain. Meanwliile times were going from bad to worse : exiKMiditure, un- avoidably, was greater than income, and laboui', like labour the world (t^er, was in a htul way. Then came the promi.se of prosperity from Sir Johns party if the people would vote for a national policy, and, captivated by the glitter- ing prospect, the constituencies left Mr. ^lac- kenzie. The Conservatives came to i)ower, and nearly doubled the ta.ves ; and now have deficits, real and piomi.sed, that nuist eijual those of the regiini' of ^li'. Mackenzie, when universal trade was parjilyzed. 3Ir. Alackenzie is president of the Sovereign Fire Tnsurarioe Company, of the North American Life Insurance Company, and is a director of the Building and L^»an A.ssoci- ation. He was major of the 27tli Lambt<»n battalion up to October, 1S74, when he I'csigned. He was a member of the Executive cour.cil and treasurer of Ontario in Mi-. Blake's administi'a- tion, from the lilst of J)ecembei', IS71, until Octolnr, 1S72, when he retired. As a private member, he is author of se\eral imjxirtant me.-i- .sures, viz.: the act amending the asses.sment act of U. C, 1SG3; that consoliflating and amending the acts relating to the assessment of projierty, U. C, 1H6<> : and the highly useful mea.sure for providing means of egi-ess from public buildings, ISOO. As chaiinian of C(»Tn- mittee oti municipal and a.sse.ssment laws, lfs which by some iii England may be considei-ed })eculiar— -of the univeisal brotherhood of man, no matter in what lank of life may have been his oi'igin. He has lu-lieved, and still beliexcs, in the extinction of all class legislation, and of all legislation that tends to pi'omote any body oi* class of men, be- cause they belong to a body or class, — to a higher po.sition jxditically than any other class in the countiv. In oui" great colonies, while nofault isf'>nnid with the jiolitical organiz- ation of tlie mother counfi'V, oi- that of any other t'ountry, we take oin- stand simply on the grouny birth, Mr. Dickenson is an Enj^lishman, having been Ikh'u at Hayden Bridi^e, Xorthumberland county, in 1S47. His parents were Edward and Mary (LTrwin) Dick- enson, both of them als(» Eni,dish. He is one of a family of seven, (»f whom thiee brothers and two sisters are livino;. In June, IS.")."), while •John was hut a lad, the family came to Canada and settled in the township of (Jlanford, where they have since made their home. p]dwavd l>ickens(jn was by trade a jieneral ma.son and bricklayer. His son, John, havin<,' attended tlie public school in the neiirhborhood for S(»me time, proceeded at the early a,i;e of twelve to learn his fathers trade and assist him in his work. In this vocation he continued until he reached the a,i,'e of twenty -two, when father and son formed a partnership under the firm name of E. k.]. Dickenson. After a time, when Ee- longing to the firm having a capacity of a mil- lion a year. Among the buildings which the finn liave erected are the residences and the f]ast House (for refractory patients) in connec- tion with the asylum for the insane at Hamil- ton : Orchard House, another branch of the same institution : the jail and registry office at Port Arthur, and the Toronto l)ranch .isy'um buildings at Mimico— thirteen in all, coveririg an area of seven acres. The subject of oui' sketch is also known as the builder of the Bar- ton-street road, connecting the city of Hamil- ton with Bui-lington Beach. In municipal af- fair.s, Mr. Dickenson has for a numlicr of years been a prominent figure in his own locality. In 1S79 lie was elected a councillor in (llanford tov nship. and in 1SS7 was chosen reeve of the sf'me municipality, an ofhce he has held con- tinuously ever since. At tlie opening meeting of the county council in Januaiy, IS'Jl, he was chosen wai'den of Wentworth, a position which he fills with dignity and ability. In general politics. Ml-. Dickenson is a staunch Refoi-mei", and one of the active and influential su]»i)orters of his party. In religion, he is a Protestant, and one of the most liberal adheivnts of the ^Ietho('ist Church. In 1^71, Mr. Dickenson married Angela, daughter of Mr. David Young, a retired farmer of Seneca township, Haldimand county. By this union he has issue seven children, four sons and three daughters. Tl.e eldest son. Frederick Heni-y, assists his father in his l)uilding contracts : the others are being educated. Personally, Mr. Dickenson is a man of good reputation, l)oth socially and in his business connections, and his numerous fi'iends hold him in hi, a few years after the close of the Revolutionary Wai', accompanied by the late Hon. John Wilso i, of (trimsby, at one time Speaker of the old Parliament of I^pper Cana- da. His mother, Christina, whose maitien name was Hesse, was the descendant of a well-to-do (Jerman family who iiave long held ei^ates on -•-JH 1T6 PROMINENT J/EN OF CANADA. tho Rhine. In tlie pi'iniitive times, when Mr. Mill.s' father came to the locality now uroupied by the city <»f Hamilton, the only white man whom he met was Col. Richard Beasley, who, like himself, was tradinj^ with the Indians. In lf<16 he settletl pennanently in the district, purchasing "JOO acres of land which now forms the western jM»rtion of the city. Aftei- enjoy- ing a coui"se of tuition in the private schiM)ls of the town, young Mills entered Vict.ria College, Colxmrg, and finished his education under the late Rev. John (Jamble (Jeddes, Dean of the Diocese of Niagara. He stiulied law under Judge Burton, and after having passed his final examination under the late Hon. Rol)ert Bald- witi and Sir John Macdonald, at Osgoode Hall, he was called to the bar in 1S.")1. It is, how- ever, apart from his piofession, and moi-e in connection with the public afiiurs of tiie city, that Mr. Mills is best known. In IS-")? he was elected alilerman, and in the following year his colleagues chose him as mayor. During this latter year he had seveial conferences with Sir Allan Macnab, with a view to the construction of a suitidile building tor the holding of jjrovin- cial exhibitions, and, as a result, the present ci'vstal palace was erected. Mr. Mills declined re-election in lSi")9, but ten years later he was again returned as aldeiinan for his old ward (St. (Je(»rge's), which he continued to represent until the c'tse of 1S7-5, whnn he once moie le- tired. Du 'ing these years he accomj>lished nmch gfI for his native city. In the trying times of 1S()1, w!>en the corporatiiui was unable to meet its obligations in England, he was one of those maiidy instrumental in obtaining assist- ance from the Ciovernment to tide over the diffi- culty. In railway enterprises designed to bene- fit tiie city, he also took a foremost ])laci'. He was tiie projector of the old Hamilton iV: Lake' Erie railway, and in IST'J nuived the fiist re- solution in the council for tiie constructiou of the Hamilton A- North-Western. Tiie former scheme was strongly opposed in the city cm ac- count of large sums having been sunk in the old Port D<»ver road, which turnt'd out a fail- ure, but ultimately Mr. Mills' effort.^, ably sec- onded by the efforts of the late Hon. James Turner, were crowned with success, and an ex- tensive trade between Hamilton aiul tiie Lake Erie district was opened up. This road finally became a part of the Hamilton S- North-West- ern, a system wiiich has conferred immeasur- able benefits on the city of Hamilton. In the years 1871, 72, '7.'i, wiiile chairniaii of tiie finance cftmmittee, by his shivwd handling of (J. W. R. stock and debentures in whicii tiie city was interested, he effected a saving of about .f()0,000. Among other ))ublic acts for whicii he is entitled to high credit may be mentioned the al)olition of the tonnage tolls on ve.s.se!s pa.s.sing through the Burlington Canal, tiie ac(|uisition of Burlington Beach as city proi«>rty, the reduction of the city debt under the Muni- cipal Loan Funds Act, wherel)y a saving of over slMO.UUO was efi'ected, tiie pi-eservation of tiie citys right in the water front when the G. W. railway was stiiving to secure the fee simple of it, and iiis strong support of the Hamilton & Dundas-st. railway scheme, in respect of all of whicii Mr. Mills has earned the lasting grati- tude of iiis feliow-citizeiis. In 1S79, he was once more elected alderman, and lalxmred hard in favour of t!i«' purciiase of Dundurn Park by the city, a sciienie v.hicii, iiowevei', was not suc- cessful. Ml'. Mills is also well-known in con- nection with the Hamilton Horticultural So- ciety, of whicii he was elected president as far back as ISIJO. He filled tiie .same office in 3 SOI, and again in IS!)"), liS74 and 1S7-"). During his last term of office, tiie apjucciation of his excel- lent services to tiie society was manifested in a veiy pleasant and tangible form, Mr. Mills b(iiig unanimously elected a life member, while at the same time he was pres>>nted with a hand- some and \aluabie set of silver, suitably in- sciilied, and accompanied by an address. He was also the principal mover in organizing the Wentwoitii Historical Society in ISSi), and he was unanimously elected its first president. Chiefly through his exertions a ladies" auxiliary association has lieeii foiiiied whicii will greatly enhance the influence of the society tiiroughout the country. In ISS'J he was elected an execu- tive member of the Imperial Feileration League of the Dominion, though he is not a Fedeiation- ist, in the generally accepted sense of the term, l)ut looks on the in()\ement as one wiiich will eventually lesult in Canada becoming an inde- pendent nationality without, at the same time, i)reakiiig the affectionate ties whicii bind her to the mother country. In ISS7 Mr. Mills contrib- uted an nrticle to Prof. (Joldwiii smith's pa[)er, T/if ]\'i'i'/t\ on Canadas Future, wiiidi, at the re(|uest of Lord Hosel)ery, wjis afterwai'ds [)ub- lislied in the InijH'rhil Fi' Libei'al-Conser\ative party, though adhering t<) the jxilitical principles of the late Hon. Uobert r)aldsvin. Tn religion, he is a Protest;. lit and a meniber of the Englisii "hurch. On the 14th ISfarch, 1S.")I, he married Frances, dai';;liter of the late Andrew Deacon, of Picton, Out., and graiuhlaughter of tiie late 4. I'liOMIXEXr MEN OF CANADA. 17 t i Th«>nia.s Deacon, of the Ordnance Department, Kinj;ston, Ont. Of his nine children, five are livinjtt, his oniy sum, Mr. Sidney (Jeorge Mills, hein" en<'aj,'ed in tlic real estate business, Mon- tana. JOHN ROCHESTER, Otfiimi, Out. IX a young country like Canada, in which, during a comparatively short time, so many and important changes have taken jtlace ; where some still living have witnessed the great transformatiftn scene from the Canada of their l)oyhood, poor, .struggling, possessing scarcely the necessaries of life, and none of the ac- cessories of civili/Latiou which make it endurable and even ••' -asant in tlie populous districts of the old l:.nd, to the Dominion of today, com- 1 '»'le in its system of self-goveinmenl. material development, and every jirovision for the intel- lectual advancement and social culture of its people, in fact within a lifetime Canada has grown from a few straggl'ng settlements to a united country, extending fioni the Atlantic to the Pacitic, iidiabited by a vigoi-ous, indomit- able j)eople, proud of tlieir accomplishments ifi the past, and willing in the future, in.spiied by that grand patriotism whii-h actuates hei" peo|)le from one cntl of the country to the other, to make similar or even gi-eater efforts and sacri- fices in order to maintain the prominence she at present occuj)ies among the many communi- ties that owe allegiance to the British crown. In this great work, the building up on the North American continent of an English- speaking connnunity loyal to all the instincts and traditions of the I'ace. in the layii\g l)road and deep the foundations of this (Jreatei* Britain be- yond the sea'J, in all the development, physical and intellectual, that has characterized its wonderful prosperity and gi'owth, Ontario has played no mean part, a careful analysis of the whole situation clearly showing that Canada, now so i-apidly expanding into greatness, is far nioi'e indebted to the broad views, industry and intelligence of the early settlers of the premier ]ii'eers is due the many blessings we enjoy to- day. Responsible government, municipal insti- tutions, our sch(M)l system, and above all that innate sense of respect for law and preservation of order that ilistinguisli us from comnuinities similarly situated on this continent, have been the work of theii' hands ; and the ivcord of the al)le and loyal maimer in which they per- formed their duty, is the greatest monument that could be raised to their memory, and the mo.«.t valued tradition that ccmhl l>e bei|ueathed to {H)sterity, a knowledge of their work and .sacrifices, of the cheeiful .self-denial that n)arked their live.s, of that never-failing faith in their country's future which in.spired and en- al)led them to surmcmnt the many ditticulties with which they were surrounded, cainiot but prove u.seful in rousing the enthusiasm of those who at present control its destinies, and cause them to watch well and jeahmsly guard the magnificent heritage they have leceived fiom such worthy sires, and to eagerly ;Mnbiace every opportunity to extend the pro.sperity, influence and fame of their native land. Tn no j)art of Ontaiio was there to be found such a large number of men who made their mark and won distinction, not alone in the accunmlati<»n of wealth, but also in other dii'ections, where labour was regarded as the only legitimate means of securing wealth, speculation and othei" modern short-cuts to that much wished-foi' goal l)eing almost unknown; and in their compara- tive isolation, in the midst of all the hardships incident to a life in the wer- wick-on-Tweed in 1S16, and after considerable prospecting settled at Rouses Point, where John was born on the '22ni\ May, \&22. Tn 1S27 his family removed to Bytown, and tliei-e remained until IS.'U), when they returned tf) Rouses Point, but came back to Ottawa in 183.3, joining Mr. Rochester, who with his eldest ' bi'other and sister had comeback in 1831. His ; father engaged in various enterprises with his I elder brothei- James, and continued to reside there until his death ; his mothei' also died there. The educational facilities of these eai'ly days were very limited, and ^^r. Rochester, after availing himself of such op])ort unities as I ofl'ered in that direction, began, at the early age w - 178 PliOyflNEXT MEX or CANADA. of ten year's, life for himself. Coiitinenient lieiii^ distasteful, he refused seveiid positions of trust <»ii no other ei- camps in the vicinity. This venture provetl a tinancial suc- cess, and scMin afterwards he associated himself with his hrotlier James, who had started the tii'st hreweiy in tlie city, afterwards buyinir him I out. He ccmducted tliis lari,'e and proHtal)le business from 1S.")6 to 1S70 when he sold it to i his brotliei- .James. l)urin>.; all this pei'iod, ex- i tendinis' over twenty. eif(''t years, he liad tlie care { of a hnjie tannery on his mind, and this he con- ' tinned to successfully cai-ry (.a until lie deter- i mined to devote his entire enei'ortant ejiocli in the early settlement of the c<»untrv. and was t-ele- brated by a half-holiday to workmen and soldiers, amonj; whom were distributed extra rations and rum. A little later on he was an inteiested observer of and active assistant in settlinj; once and for all the Shiner troubles. In the early days of this settlement, a lariie percentage of the inhaliitants was of that not very desirable class who aiv t<» be found in connection with all larjie puldic works, and at certain seasons of the year they were Iar fii iiitisst', drove oil the •. illv.ins nnd captured the ringleaders, who by ii'eans of a stratajfem were safely lodj^ed in the jail at Perth, then the county town, and at the follovv- inj.; assizes received such punishmerc as their conduct richly deserved. Tn the meantime, the public, thoidui;lily aroused, orij;aiiized viiril- 11 t PNOMIJEXr MEX OF CAXADA. 179 T ance committees, wlio re<,'uliirly patfidled the town, until the hist vestijje <^' tliis tei'Hhle phiiTue had (lisai)i);*are(l, and society was jilaced upon tlie sound and orch'ily l)asis on which it is ttxhiv. In this, as well as the troubles in con- nection with the visit of Lord Klj>ort the cause resenta- tive of the city, H.R.H. Frince Arthur, and also t!ie Grand Duke Alexis, who were gue.sts of His E.Kce'lency the (Jovernoi'-Cieiieial : and his niunicij>al career was distiri<,'uished by a careful and conscientious discliar<;e of all the duties ap/pertaininj; to the vai'ious positions which he held. In many other and not less im- p;>rtant ways he has endea\()uied to assist in pro- moting; th" j;eneral ,;;ood. He has always taken ~n active niterest in the Protestant hospital, of hicli he was for years vice-j)resident, and dur- ing; the president's absence in England, when the west winj; was destroyed by tire, he j)erson- ally .superintended its constiuction, ami also at the same time remodelled the who'e institution, making it one of the best and most comfort- able buildinj;^ tor that purp:ise to be found in the whole pv.)\ince. Tliis was accomplished tlirouj^n his ( tibrts, and without beini; any bur- den whate\i'r .>n its financial resources. The Old Mee.s Home is alsd another philanthropic ent 'rprise to which he has tfiven much time, anil bcMiiL; Iai<;ely his own concj-ption and crea- tion, he still continues to take an acti\e interest in its welfare, anil takes yreat pleasure inteliini; of the liberal spirit in which his desires in this c.>nnecti(»n have been met by thej;o(Kl ])eut in motion as lesulted in the oryanization. erection and e(|uiiinient of the Ottawa Ladies' College, an institution of j^reat nvrit. a!ul which has ever since continuetl to do .iiooil Ml the (lirt>ction intended. In comjiany with the late John ilowei' Lewis he orjrani/ed tlie .Metropolitan Trust and Loan Company, and was for several years President eniber of Doric hwij^e, and v>as a memlM'!' of the Manchester l^'iity. l.O.O.F. Fn p 1 tics, Mr. Roche.ste< l.as ilways lH»en a Conservative ; but while an acti> e mem- ber and a pillar ot streii.i,-th to his party, still he has ne\er Ix en a i»lintl follower of mei, but has rather adhere prctmote the prosperity of his native country, and foster that bond of affection and loyalty that exists towards the mother countiy. Poli tics to him was not a i)ersonal matter- he had no politicvd iind)itions to serxc. and never e.^- }>ected any mat.'iial aihanta^e theicfiom, but believinj; his \ lews to be ri^ht, he a'n'r. irrespective of th.e politii-al leanings of the uuilty parties : and it is safe to say that no amount of political pressure could induce him to condone an offence ayainst the hiyh standard of honesty he i-ontends should i)e maintained in public life. In relii;ion, Mi'. Rochestei' is a Methodist, and is the oldest sur- vivinji' trustee of the Dominion church, ()ttawa. In |S4-"), he married l^li/.abeth .\nn. dau'.'hter of the late Rev. Thomas Bevitt. by which union there were seven children, of whom the two eld- est, a boy and iiirl, are dead : itf the rcniainin<; Kve, three are boys and two yirls. ( )f the latt married in the old country and tame to (^anada in iJ^.'i^, set- tling in what is now the city of Ottawa. Mi". IJirkett, Sr., was a iii»'rchant tailor by trade, and on coming to Canada at once went into liusiness. In this he continued until 1S4S, when he was accidentally killed by being thrown from his liors;-. His I'amily consisted of nine children, of whom His Worship, Mayor Hirkett, was the seventh. Thomas l>iikett was educated at the ])ul)lic and grammar schools until his thirteenth 3('ar, when he was apprenticed to ihe hardware trade witli Thoiiias Isaac, whose place (»f busi- ness was in the part of the oard at Ottawa, of the Dominion Building and Loan Association, having been nominated for that position by the board at Toronto in October, IS'.IO. In May, \f'\)\, he was elected a director of the association at Toronto. He has Iwlonged to the Masonic fraternity for nearly twenty -six years, and has attained the ."{^iid degi-ee in the A. it A. Scot- tish rite; he is also a member of the St. (xeorges Society and <)f the Sons of England. In poli- tics he is an out-aiid-(jut Conservative, and ;iii active worker for his party. He was president of the St. (ieorges ward association from 1S7.'? to iSliO, when he retired owing to jne.ssure of iiusiness, a reason which has impelled him to decline the freijuent solicitations of his frieiuls that he should be a candidate for parliamentary honours. In religion he is a Methodist, a mem- ber of the congregation of the Dominion Metho- dist church, to the building fund of which beautiful .structure it m:i\ l)e said he was one of the most libera! subscii ers. On May 21st, iS71, Mr. Birkett married Melissa, a daughter of the late Thomas Callagher, contractor, a well- known and highly esteemed citizen of Ottawa, and who was in the Dominion Civil Service as t THOMAS BIRKETT, Ottawa. Ont. t 4 >■•*. 182 PROMIXEXT MEN OF CANADA. clerk of Public Woiks Depiirtnietit at the time of his (le itli. ^Ii'. IJirkett's fdinily consists now of two sons, his only (laujihtcr having died in cJiildhiMxI. JJoth in business circles and in pri- vate life Mr. Biikett has the reputation of beinj^ an estimable and useful citizen and a thorou<,dily upright and honourable man. JOHN B. McINTYRE, .SV. Cntliaritifs. THERE are few residents of the city of 8t. Catharines, especially among tho.se of a later generation, who are better known than the subject of this sketch, for many qualities go to the miking up of the man, his enterprise in business, his connection with public atFairs, and his energetic support of every movement tend- ing t'» promote the welfare of his native city. John Brewer Mcliityre was born in 8t. Catha- rines, then a small town, on February 4, IS-lo, his parents being Thomas and Helen (Ker) Mclntyre. The former was a native of the town of Forres, Morayshire, Scotland, and the lattei, a native of the township of (iiantham, of which 8t. Cathai-ines originallv formed .i pait. His family history, especially on his mother's side, embraces many interesting feat- ures connected with the early settlement of this portion of the country. Thomas Mclntyre in his youth learned the trade of a cabinet-maker in the town of Elgin, Morayshiie, and attained his m::joiity on the (tcean while al)oard the vessel which bore him to Canada, and from which he landed at Quebec in 1S:31. From Quebec he went to New York in later times, and he used to relate with pride that he had a ride with the late Thurlow Weed and others on the tirst railway train evei- run in that state. Finally he came to 8t. Catliarines ( l.S^U), and located and conunenced business in the furniture and undertaking lin >, and the nam.' Mclntyre which he then placed on his sign has never been taken down. He was a good mech anic, and by his energy and persevei'iince lie in due time accunmlated considerable wealth. Mucli of this he unfortunately lost, however, bv endt»rsingfoi'othei"s during the ])aiiic-stricken times of IS-").") and succeeding yeais. Hut through all changes he was noted for his in- teeople of all shades of political opinion for the n)anner in which he fultilled his dr.ties as chief magistrate. On leaving the mayor's chair he was presented with an illumin- ated addiess magniticently framed, on behalf of the council and citizens, as a token of appre- ciation of his ellbrts while on the aldermanic b (ard. Among his co-workers thr-oughout the country, he has also lield a high i)lace. He was ftiunder of the Ontario l^ndertakers' Associa- tion, and was its tirst president, a position which he held for thre,^ yeai-s ; and in 1SS5 he was the representative of the Association at the National Convention of Undertakers in Phila- PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. IS.J delphi.i. He lias also l^een tV)r four years in successj'-u vice-j)resi(lent ui the Intornatioiial Funeivt! Directors' Association, and is ins|:>ector of aratoniy for the county of Lincoln. In sr„.iety circles he has for years l>een a j)roniinent tf,'ure. In masonry he rejtresents the third ^feneration, his father and ;j;randfather havinsj lM)th l)een members of the tiaft. He joined the Independent Order of Odd- Fellows in \XW>, and has taken a leadinj; pait in its affairs ever since ; in lfeth, second daughter of the late Joseph Grobb, of Louth township. Personally. Mr. ^Iclntyre is known for his genial nature and kindly disixfsi- tion, and he holds a high j)lace in the estima- tion of the public generally. GEORGE E. PATTERSON, .SV. C(if/i<(ritii'.t, Out. nEoRGE EPHRAIM PATTERSON, ..f t!ie vX tirm of Patterson i>i: Corbin, electric and horse car builders, St. Catharines, was born in the town of Perth, Lanark county, Ontario, Sept. Kith, 1S.3S. His parents wi-re Charles and Jane Patteison. The former was a native of Quebec, and the latter, whose maiden name \va^: Lougheed, was born at The Shaws, near (Jlasgow, Scotland. Charles Patterson, who was a boot and shoe manufacturer, moved to Perth early in " the thirties,"' and while there met and married Miss Lougheed. The result of this union was a family of eight chiklren— six sons and two daughU s -of whom the sub- ject of our sketch is the eldest. (Jeorge E. Patterson attended the public schools in his native place until he was about eighteen years of age, when he apprenticed himself to a ^•ai-riage-maker, completing his apprenticeship in St. Catharines, whither he removed in IH.IT, and wheie he lias since resitled. In 1874, he entered into partnership with Win. Corbin, under the name and style of Patterson it Cor- bin, carriage-makers, and the connection thus establisiied still remains unbroken. The firm continued in the same line of business until 1890, when the caii'iage-making was abandoned, and the tirm took uj) a new industiv, that of car building, which they have since successfully carried on. Their house was the first to build electric cars in Canada, and, so fai-. the (inly op.es turned out in the Dominion have U'en from the tii-m's works. The market is steadily growing for this enterprising branch of juanu- facture, and already the tirm has made huge shipments of cars as fai- west as Vancouver, B.C., and there is every prospect that the in- dustiy will in the near future develop into one of the most impoitant in the country. In busi- ness circles, Mr. Patterson has the well-ear-ied reputation of beitig a thoroughly upright and honest man, ami he jM)ssesses the confidence of all with whom he has dealings. In public mat- ters he also stands well anion<' his fellow citi- zens. He was elected to the city council in 187*J, and, with the exception of a retiienient of one year, he sat continuously as alderman until the close of 18,S8. In educational affairs he takes an espfcial inteiest, and for the past fif- teen years has l)een a member of the sch(M>l Ixtard, in which capacity he is a hard woikei-, and does excellent service. His militaiy record, though not extensive, is such as to stamp him a loyal and patriotic citizen. In 18(50, the year of the Prince of Wales' visit to Cana(hi, he joined the St. Catharines artillery (an inde- pendent company) under the late Heniy Mittle- beigei', the corps being afteiwaids (ttticially recognized at the time of the Ticnt affaii-, when its services were placed at the dis])osal (»f the government. Again in 1806, the year of the Fenian raids, the company was at Foit Erie, attached to the royal artillery, and subseijuentlv it was merged into the Welland field battery. Of late years, Mr. Patter.son s business has, however, pivvented his giving attention to mili- tary affairs. In matters designed to l>enelit the city, he has always lent a cheerful aid, and in this connection it may be stated that he was an active promoter of the electric street I'ailway and of tiie Niagara central; in both enter- prises he was a stockholder. In the sjihere of benevolent societies he is well-known, being a member of the Mas(»nic fraternity, the Inde- ]>endent Older of Od(lf(>llows. Ancient ( )rder of Ciiited Workmen, the Canadian Order of Home Circles, and the Royal Arcanum. In jxilitics, he was for many years a member of the Reform party, but recently he has been at variance witli his political friends on their trade policy, and - T^ 184 I'ROMISENT MEN OF CANADA. hiis stroiiijly suj>iM»rte(l prKtcctioii tt) native in- dustry as ctor \.J of Separate Schools for the Province (»f Ontario, is a life-long lesident of Hamilton, in which city he was horn, Oct. Itith, 1S47. His parents, Patrick Donovan, and his wife, Maiy Ann McCarthy, were both natives of liist.t twelve years in the Tiinex' establishment, duiing the last five of which he was foreman of the job department. Through all this period his leisure moments were devoted to private study, and, as subse- • pient events showed, he made good progirss. In IST.'i, he left the TuHf-s office to take charge of St. Patrick's School, having previously taken a 1st class A certiKoate (])rovincial),'for which he had pi'epared himself entirely without assist- ance. He remained at the head of St. Patricks until 187-"), when he was appointed headmaster over all the separate schools of the city. In this j)osition he continued to labour until the fall of 1SS3, when ill health compelled him to resign. While engaged in teaching, he had kept up his ])rivate reading, with the result that between 1NT7 and ISSl he j)assed the ne- ces.sary examinatioiis at Toi-onto University and obtained the degrees of B.A. and M.A., g»"aduating with honours. Alter withdrawing from teaching, Mr. Donovan sjH-nt the winter of 1SS:{-S4, in Colorado, and on his return, in April of the latter year, he was appointed Pro- vincial Inspector, a jHisition for which his prac- tical experience as a teacher, his high literary attaimnents, and his deep interest in the cause of education, rendered him eminently fitted, and the duties of which he still discharges with great aiiility as well as with decided advantage t(» the se[)arate sc1hh>1 .system of the Pi-o\ ince. Since connecting himself with educational affaiis he has had numerous offers of positions which would ha\(' been of greatei" financial advantage to him ; but these he has steadfastly refused, pi-efei'ring t<» use his energies in advancing the cause of education. As Inspector, he is distin- guished for his untiring efforts to increase the efficiency oi the schonls. At one time it a)i- peared as if Mr. Donovan would tuiii his at- tentioji entirely to newspaj)er enterprise. While woi-king at the printing business he ac(|uired a kriowledge of shoithand. and he fre(|uently acted in the capacity of reporter, while occa- sionally contributing original ailieles to the local jness. Before entering upon the teaching jirofessiun, he [lublished f<»i' a yeai- a ! monthly jieriodical called T/n f^iinijt, which was chiefly de\<»ted to Catholic lit^-ratui'e ; having an intense love for the land of his forefathers i he was in the habit of issuing on anniversaiy occasions, such as St. Patricks Day. special papers dealing with the history, ti'aditions and i cuiTent events in Ireland. Subseiiuently he published 77/'' //nr/i, the contents of which con- sisted principally of literature nsiderable interest. He as- sisted in founding the Pi'inters' l^nion, of which ; he was president for a term, and in the old days he was president of the St. Patricks Society and leader of the band for a c( isidei-- able period. He was also secretary of the St. Vincent ile Paul Society, a leading mend)e!' of the Catholic Litei-ary Society, and was pi-esident of the Trades Assemlily during its existence in 1S72, and it stands to his credit that he did I .i. I'liOMIXEXT MEN OF CANADA. 185 perliups ijiore than any indivulual to secure in- creased wages for the printers in tliis city. He also served for tw<» years as alrn and l)r(»ught uj) : he has held for many years honourable }M)sitions in con- nection with St. Marys Cathedral. In politics lie is a Reformer, and up to the time of his appointment as Inspector he was a hard worker and vigoi'ous writei- for his party. Since that time he takes no active ])art in jxditical warfare. f)n Aj>ril (Ith, ISGO, Mr. Donovan married Sarah, daughter of the late Patrick McDonnell, of Hamilton, the result of which union was a family of ten chil(h-en, of whom three sons anil two daughters survive. (JEORGE BURCH, St. CdtlKiru!''", Out. THE gentleman whose name ap{)ears at the head of this .sketch is one who, for over twenty years, has deseivedly held a liigh repu- tation among manufacturing and hu.sine.ss men in the city of St. Catharines, as well as in other parts of Canatla. (ieorge Burch was liorn at Glastonbury, Somei'.setshire, England, October is, 1842. His parents were William Burcli and his wife Elizaljeth, whose maiden name was Cox, lx)th of them natives of Somersetshire. Tlieir family consisted of eiglit children — tive .sons and three daughters — all of whom, with the exception of one son, are living. The head of the family was a watchmaker by trade, and worked in Glastonlmry, until aljout the year 18.")0, when he emigrated to the New \Voi"ld, settling in Buffahi, N.Y. There William Burch resumed his occupation as a watchmaker, which he cf»ntinued until the time of his death, about seven years ago, and theie his widow, with a .son and daughter, still reside. (Jeorge Burcli had the Ijenefit of a good public school education, partly acquired in England and partly after coming to the States. On leaving scliool, about the age of seventeen, he learned t'le trade of a machinist, and formed a partnership in BuflFalo with Mr. Samuel Collinson, under the firm name and title of Collinson I'i: Burch. The works thus establislied were continued until the fall of 1S70, when the firm closed its Bufl'alo business and removed to Ontario, set- tling upon St. Catharines as the basis of future operations. The firm immediately ac(iuired possession of the property — along the canal adjacent to the city— where tlie late .John Riordan laid the foundation of his large fortune by manufacturing brt>wn paper fi'om straw, and theie under the old firm name they established the Canada Kn'fe Wrrks — there l)eing no other j institution of the kind in the Dominion at the time — and which has never yet Ijeen duj)licated. The building.s, which were in a tumble-ilown state, were renovated and relmilt, the reijuisite machinery put in and work commenced on a comparatively small .scale. But the proprietors were men of energy and perseverance, and under their skilful management the trade extended yearly until it reachempany y whom he has one daughter. In privato as well as in public life Mr. Burchs cliaracter st^inils alxive reproach ; by nature and disjiosi- tion he is warm-hearted and jxenerous, and is deservedly e.;teemed by all classes in the com- munity. REV. THOMAS GEO(JHK(iAN, /Ithiii/fon, Out. REV. TH( )MAS (JEO(}HEGAN, rector of St. Peter's church, Hamilton, is a native of Ire- land, havinjj been Iwrn at Legannaney, Lough- brickland, County Down, Nov. L'.'ird, 1.^4S. His parents were James Geoghegan and hi^ wife Mary, whose maiden name was Hudson. His grandfather on the paternal side liehmged to an olfl Westmeath family, and his grandmother was a Huguenot. James (ieogbegan was a prosper- ous faimer in the old country, and his measure of prosperity was a fortunate circumstance for he had a lai-ge fsimily of children of whom the subject of our sketch was the sixth. Thomas received his early education at a church .school at Aghaderg, under the direction of the late Dean Lefi-oy, sou of the Chief Justice of Ire- land. At the age of fourteen he left sch(X)l to take a jxjsition as clerk in a mercantile house in Banbridge, and in this capacity lie served seven years, the last two in C thorough earnest- ness and zeal in goin' ■ iKs cannot be denied, and it is not within the pale of the church alone that this has lieeii shown. With a lieart tilled with compa.s.sion for tiie sorrows of mankind, and an ever present desire to alleviate misery ami i- ^^ REV. THOMAS GEOCHEGAN, Hamilton, Ont. 188 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. win men to virtue, he has, since entering on city life, taken an active interest in those unfortun- ates who have lx;en sent to prison for crimes and misdemeanors. He not finlj vir.its tliem while in the jail, but l help those unfortunate people and try to reform them rather than to let them drift. To accomplish this, he first laboui"s to convince them that there is still hope, and then, when the opportunity arises, to assist them in the right way. His steatlfast principle in this regard is l)est express- ed in his own words — " An ounce of practical sympathy is worth a pound of preaching." His earnest eiForts in the cause of prison reform have been recognizetl by his selection for several years as chairman of the prison reform com- mittee appointed by the Bishop of Niagara, while as representsitive of the diocese he gave important evidence l)efore the pi-ison refonn commission appointed by the Ontario Govern- ment in 1890. Anotii/ifin, Out. THE gentleman whose name aj»peais at the head «>f this sketch, and who now occuj)ies the honorable position of a minister in the government of Ontario, has for many years held a leiuling place in connection with the progress and development of agriculture in this province. Hence the record of his life-work cannot fail to l)e *»f more than special inteiest, while it must be so in a general degree among the class with which he has, from his youth up, been j(» prominently identified. John Dryden was Ixnn in the township of Whitby, Ontario county, June oth, 1840, his parents being the late James Diyden, and his wife Elizabeth, whose maiden nanse was Marsh. The former was ji native of Sundeiland, England, and the latter a Canadian. James came to Canada with his mother in 1820, lieing at that time only four- teen years of age, his father having been killed by a fall from his horse at Walsingham, Dur- ham county, some time previously. The family settled in Whitby township, wheie Mrs. Diy- den subse(|uently married William Paxton, father of the late Shei'ift" Paxton, for many years a prominent i-esident of Ontario county. James contiimed to reside with his mother and stepfather until he l)ecame of age, when he i)ur- chased land and began work for himself on 'at 27, 2nd concession, Whitby township, then little more than a trackless forest. ]Mr. Dryden was married thiee times, his first wife being Abile Groat, by whom he had one child, who still survives. In 18."{2 he remctved from lot 27 to lot 20, 7th concession, in the same townshij), whei'e lu purchased 200 acres, tliis forming the nucleus of the famous Maple Shade farm of 420 acre.s, now the homestead property of Hon. John Dryden. Some three years later, in 1835, he married Elizabeth, a daughter of the late Rev. Isra-jl Marsh, a well- known minister of the Baptist Church (who died subsequently in Dorchester township, Middlesex county), and who had followed in the fiH)tsteps of his father, one of the pioneei-s HON. JOHN DRYDEN, M.P.P, Brooklin, Ont r 4 190 PEOJflJV^EiVT MEN OF CANADA. of the Baptist faith in Caiiiuia. The result of this union was a family of six children, the subject of our sketch heinjf one, and of whom, in addition to himself, three othei-s survive. Mr. Dryden's third wife was Maiy Stephen.son, who (lied without issue. John Dryden received his primary Klucation at the connnon schorted and bred some very fine animals. Special mention may be made of his famous im- ported mare, " Lady Clare," which carried t)ff the fii'st prize as yearling, two-year-old and three-year-old at the Toronto Industrial Exhi- bitieriences with the Earl and Countess during theii* stay in Ontario in 1890-91. From Mr. Dryden's I'ecord as a practical faiiuer and stock-i"aiser, we pass to his career as a public man. This has l)een alike honourable to himself and to the country in which he lives. From his youth he was chosen to occupy public j)ositions of more or less impt>rtance, and the numerous occasions on which he has l)een selected as a represerita- tive of the jjeople in vari(»us capacities indicate that he has done his duty well and faithfully. His first office was that of secretary-treasurer of the sch(M»l lM>ard in his section, a position which he has held for many years. In 1863, when <»nly twenty-three years of age, he was elected to the municipal council, and for seven years subse(|uently he served as deputy-reeve or reeve, retiring voluntarily at the end of that periiul. In 1879, he was chosen as the candidate of the Refi>rm party, with which he has always l)een allied, to contest South Ontario for the pro- vincial legislature, and was t?lectetl by a large majority over N. W. Bi'own, the former lepre- sentative of the riding. Three times since he has l)een i-e-elected, and shortly after the last general election (June .">, L890), he was cliosen successor to Hon. Charles Druiy as minister of agriculture, which i>o.sition he now holds, and for discharging the duties of which it wituld have been extremely difhcult to make a l)etter .selection. The administration of his de- partment is characterized by the exercise of that sound, practical knowledge and executive ability which he has displayed in the manage- ment of his own affairs, anda['art from political considerations there is but little divei'gence of (tpinicm as to his fitness for the position. In addition to his connection with nmnicipal and gene'-al politics, Mr. Dryden has always taken a strong interest in other mattei"s of a j)ublic nature, especially such as are of importance to the farming conununity. He has l)een presi- dent of the f)ntario County Agricultui-al So- ciety, president of the Dominion Shorthorn Breeders Association since its inception, is now president of the American Shropshire Breeders' Association, and has for a long time been a director oi the American Clydesdale Associa- tion, l)esides liolding variitus other offices in the m^r*- J. PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 191 c'<»uiity and provincial organizations. Before the pjissage of the law autmirizing the organ- izing of farnjers' institutes, he trts })oth with voice and j»en have exei-cised a helpful influence in promoting the intei-ests of the farming community. He was a director of the Whithy and Port Perry railway, of which his father wiis the president and one of the uiiginal promotei-s, and he ivmained connectetl with it until it wjus finally ac(iuired hy the (Jrand Trunk. In religion, Mr. Dryden is a nien'l)er of the Baptist church, of which he is a liWral supiMirter, and in connectiing an extensive l)usiness as a wholesale grocer. His wife was of French-Canadian pai-entage, her maiden name was Maria Charles, her mother was one of the LeBruns of Quebec. The late Abbe Ferland of Laval l^nivei-sity was her first cousin. George Hugh Macdonell obtained his education in the Toronto grammar schfMtl, the Williamstown (Glengarry) grammar sch«H)l, and in Bishop's College, Lennoxviile. Gradu- ating in 1S67, Ml'. Macdonnell spent two yeai-s in the military scheditif an assist- ant to the general manager. He took pait in the cimstruction of section 13, the first sod on which was turned on the 14th June, 187-"), and on the completion of the work there, he held a respfmsible position on section 14. Being released by Messrs. Sefton, V> ard it Co. on the completi<»n of their cimtract, ]Mr. Macdonell engaged in contracting on his own account. He has put through several imj)ortant under- takings, including a difficult section of the Canadian Pacific, west <^if Jackfish Bay, on the north shore of Lake Superior, and the break- water at Port Arthur, the latter the greatest work of its kind on the Canadian side of the Great Lakes. Mr. Macdonell is now resident in Port Arthur, where he carries on business as a contractor, insurance, mining and financial agent. Like many other Poit Arthur peo-ple, he has taken great intei-est in, and devotes .i con- siderable portion of his valuable tini'% as well as his means, to the development of the mining industry of the splendid territory of which Port Arthur is the chief industrial and commercial centre. He owns mining lands of various kinds, and has taken a foi*emost part in the wi>rk of drawing capi*^al into the country with a view to opening up its mineral wealth. Mr. Mr.cditnell fii*st appeared as a public man in 1884, when he was induced by the solicitation of his friends i<\ present himself as a candidal*; for the Port Arthur town council. He was successful, and from that time for five years foll<»wing he was prominently identified with municipal affairs. After tw«. years service in the council, he Ik'- came a candidate for the mayoralty of the town, ^ 192 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. and to this important (jftice he was elected. He gave such Siitisfacticin as the chief magistrate of the town, that lie was re-electe>l in \XX~t and again in 188S, retiring at the end of that year because of the pi-essure of private business. In the provincial general election of June, lf<90, Mr. Macdonell was an unsuccessful candidate for West Algomu. When the Dominion general election came on in IS91, he was again a candi- date, this time with a more favourable result. The constituency of Algonia is a whole province in itself, and the work of carrying on a cam- paign in it is no light undertaking. Though held as part of the geneial contest, the election did not actually come off until May IHth, though the other elections were held on the 5th March. The contest was thus prolonged, and Mr. Macdonell hatl a most arduous tsisk to per- form in leading the pai-ty forces. He worked incessantly for weeks, speaking in every im- portant place in the district, and travelling thousands of miles. The result was a sweeping vici/ory for the Conservatives and their able and popular candidate, the returns showing no less than 438 of a majority. Considering that in the previous general election Mr. D. F. Burke, who was Mr. Macdimell's opptment, had lieen defeated by only a dozen votes, the result was certainly a remarkable testimony to Mr. Mac- donell's ability and popularity. Tn the House of Commons, Mr. Macdonell has already taken a place of some prominence, and has manifested (jualities which pnmiise well for the future. As a speaker he is tluent, clear and logical, and on the few occasions on which he has addressed the Common.s, has caught and held the attention of the House, no small achievement for a new meml)er. He introduced at his first session, and piloted through its various stages, a bill to incorporate the Attikokan Iron Range Railway Company, a work which, when completentoin many signal ways. For a numl)ei' of years he Iwis been a prominent and active meml>er of the T >ronto Board of Trade, and has for many years l)een the trustetl and resprmsible Treasurer of the Board. Tn 1881 he was elected Vice-president, and in the following year chosen Piesident, of the Board. He is also a director of the Ontario Bank, and takes a large practical view of financial as well as political <|uestions. In religion, as well as in politics, he is a Libeial, and tinds in the I'nitarian Chuidi, of which he is a worthy and much-valued mem- ber, room for that large christian charity and toleration which distinguish him. In I8r)() Mr. Rose married ^Iaiurchased the j)roj)erty on which the famous Boi-thwick mineral spiinifs are sitUu.teeriod of tiie Revolutionary War. Al;out the year 178.'5, the (-olonels grandfather, Roijert Land, came to this country. Robert Land was an Englishman by birth, and when the war of independence was in progie.ss he lemained loyal to the Cr(»wn. He wjus employed in carrying despatches foi- the British comn'.mders, and in the undeitaking of this perilous duty, a price was set on his head by tiie Whigs, the reward l>eing offered for him dead or alive. His ex- perience at that time woulil furnish material for a verv interesting narrative. He was a hunted man, and only by stealth and at long intervals was he able to visit his family. On the last of these occasions he was tracked by the Contin- entals, and in making his escape he was aided by a neighlMiui', who accompanied him .'f a German family who had come froUi Maryland, and hiul also taken up land in Baiton township, their old homestead being afteiwards owned by the Springers. Their family c<»nsisted of three sons and live daughters, of whom the subject of our sketch was the eldest son and fttuitli child, and of whom in addi- tion to himself only one sister survives — the widow of the late George K. Chisholm, of Halton county. There wei-e stiri'ing times in Canada as John grew up. Though l)ut a child at the outbreak of the war of 1812, the subject of our sketch can remember distinctly the battle of Stoney Creek, when all the wo- men and children in Hamilton wei'e gathered ill his fathers house a.vaitiiig the result of the engagement. Later on, at the age of ighteen, he enrolled himself in the Sedentary militia, and always put in an appearence on "training day," the birthday of the King. Subsetjuently, when the late Colonel Servos raised a troop of cavalry, he joined it and j-e- mained connected with the corps for many years. Afterwards he received a connnission as ensign in the infantry, ro.se to the i-ank of lieutenant, and at tlie time of the rebellion of lS;i7, he was a ca])tain doing duty in Hamilton, his father being then a colonel on the loyal side. But gart isou duty did not suit John Ljind when there v as tiyhting to l»e done, and he again joined tlie cavalry as lieutenant under Cok»nel Servos. He kept up his connection with the militia after the tiouble was over, and finally (fbtained the lank of lieutenant-colonel, which he still letains. Tn his early years, Mr. Ltmd attended such schiK)ls as then were to be found in new settlements, and in f)ne of these he acquired what was considered a fair English education. In tho.se days, the old man remarks, there was not nmch of Hamilton, and back in 1818, the Fergusoius, Beasleys. Sj)ringers, Liinds and old Col. Aikman were among the chief settlers. Such were the meagie facilities of the period that when any of them wanted a pound of tea or a yard of calico they had to go to Dundcis, Ancaster or Stoney Creek, which were t'len important places by comparison. Lut the year 1824. The lesult of this union was a family of eight childi-en, of these there are living John H. (well known as Dom- inion Secretary of the Royal Templars), in Hamilton ; Peter M., no\/ in Vancouver, B.C. ; Mrs. Lucas, widow of the late Da> id Lucas, who was recently killed in a runaway accident at the Twelve-mile Hill ; Mrs. John G. Y. Burkholder, Mrs. James Webster, of Bar- ton, and Mrs. David Reid, of Brooklyn, N. Y. Politically, Col. L«ind has always been a Con- servative of the Conservatives. Even now, when he is in his eighty-sixth year, he takes an absorlnng interest in the political contests of the day, and has always been adev(»ted admirer and supporter of the late Sir John A. ^lacdonald. Tn religion, lie was brought u}) in the Chuix-h of Ejigland, although, in early life, he was more associated with the Methodist Church than with any othe'v C<»1. Lsmd's friends are mnnbered by the thousand, among whom he is spending his declining yeais, surrounded at the same time by .1 large numbei- of affectionate and loving relatives, and having the respect and esteem of all classes of people in his own and adjoining counties. .m^. -*;j( PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 199 ROBERT SURTEES, C.H, Offatva, Ont. ROBERT SURTEES. C.E., who at present t>ccupi< s the position of waterworks' enjjji- neer in Ottawa, is an Englishman by birth, hav- ing been born at Ravenswortli, Yorkshire, March .'ird, lf<.'55. His parents were Robert Surtees, a surgeon l)y profession, and his wife Catharine, whose maiden name was Cathrick,both of them meml>ei"s of old and well-known families ill the counties of Yorkshire and Durham. Our subject, who while a child suffered the loss of his father, attended a private .academy in his native place. Afterwards he served his ap- prenticeship with a civil engineer in Darlington, remaining in this vocation until he was twenty- one, when he emigrated to Canada. He first settled in the city of Hamilton, where his ability in his profession at once secured for him the ap- pointment <»f assistant city engineer. He re- mained in Hamilton four years, when he re- moved U) the village of New Edinburgh, now embraced in the city of Ottawa, where he estab- lished himself as an engineer and architect. During his fifteen yeai's residence thei-e he had charge of many important works, which gave ample scope for the exercise of his pro- fessi(jnal skill. Besides laying out numerous roads and private buildings in various parts of the district, he did similar professional woi-k on the McKay estate and Beech wood cemetery, and was architect of the Protestant hospital and Carleton county court-house, and a num- ber of other buildings. He acted also as engin -er and secret.'.?y to the Ottawa city pas- senger railway from its commencement until lcS75. He was, moreover, engineer for the waterworks in the town of Peterborough and the city or Hull. In 1S75, he accepted the po- sition of city engineer for Ottawa, and under his direction and supervision some important works were carried out, such as the construction of the main sewer and the doubling-up of the waterwoi-ks system, the former costing half a million dollars and three years lalxiur to com- plete, and the latter entailing an expenditure of half a million dollars. Both these works be- speak ^Ir. Surtees' aliility in his profession, and the waterworks system especially may be point- ed to as one of the very finest in the Dominion. In 1887, on account of the large increase of work and responsibility devolving upon him, ^Ir. Surtees elected to take the ptisition of waterworks engineer alone, which he still occu- pies, and Mr. E. E. Perreault was appointed city engineer. Mr. Surtees is a member of the Canadian and American Societies of Civil Engi- neers, as well as of the American Waterworks Association. While in Xew Edinburgh, Mr. Surtees took considerable interest in civic af- fairs, serving as reeve and member of the county council for five or six years, and jus memlier of the public schciety circles he is known as a member of the Masonic fraternity, having many years ago j(»ined Barton Lodge, No. (), Hamil- ton. He is also a menil)er of St. (Jeorge's So- ciety of Ottawa. Politically, he was always a Conservative, but of late years, on account of his public position, he takes no active part in elec- tion campaigns. In religion, he is a member of the Church of England, and is thortiughly evan- gelical in his views. In 18fi9, he married Lucy, daughter of the late William Jeffrey, of Hamil- ton, and has had issue seven children, of whom six — four sons and two daughters — are living. His eldest son, William, marrietl Miss McCor- mick, of Ottawa, and has a jM^sit'on in the technical branch of the tlepartment of the In- terior ; Harold J. is an electrician, and at pre- sent connected with the Standard lilectric Light Company. Mr. Surtees enjoys a jxisition of well-earne"»f/,tr(l, Ont. rPHE HON. AHTHrii STl lUUS HARDY, 1 g.C, M.P.R foi- South IJniiit, iiiul Cmi- missioner of Ciowii I^inds in tlie Ontario (.\il)i- iief, was Iwdii at Mount Pleasant, county of IJrant, <»n the 14tli of l)eceiiilH*r. 1S.'57. He is a son of Itussell and .Fuletta /Stui<;is) Hanly, l>otli of wlioni were desceiuleil fntni I'. K. loyal- ist stock. Russell Hardy was born in Canada, and was at one j>evi he was invested with the Queens counsellors {jt<»wn. ^Ir. Hai'dy s speeches have been always extremely popular for his fer- vid elo(|uence. His sti'onj^, clear atid logical methorated attack. His characteristics as a debater are a facility for de tectinjj weak points in his opponent, ready re- partee, and the peisonal enthusiasm antl earnest- ness with which he infuses his statements. Theve is, te> n lands, which he assumed on the resij^nation, in iSSit, of tlie late Hon. Mr. Pardee Mr. Hanly finds his time fully occupied. As a lejjislatoi-, Mr. Hardy has, sincf his entrance into the House, taken his full share of work. He has introchiced and carriefl throujjh large measures amending and consolidating the Juntrs' Act ; several im- portant measures connected with the litjuor license laws ; hnportant amenthnents enlaiging the jurisdiction of the division coui'ts ; measures relating to joint stock companies ; and usually, as chairman of the municipal committee, has luul charge of the act embracing all of the amenrrison, and has i.ssue foui' children. JOSEPH H. SMITH, Hiiniiltini, Out. IN the I'oll of active workers in connection with the educational system of the Province of Ontai'io. there are none more zealous, more enthusiastic or more thoroughly etjuipped for tile duties devolving ujxin him, than the gentle- man whose name aj)pears al)ove, and who for the past twenty years has occupied the position of Inspector of Public Sc1i(M)1s for the county of Wentworth. Joseph Henry Smith is of Oernian desceiit on Intth sides of the family. He was boin in West Flamboio" township, Wentworth county, August ;i, iS.'i!), his parents Wing Isaac Alexander Smith and his witV Elizabeth, tin' Binkley, she being a descendant of the well- known pioneer family of Binkleys, who settled l)etween Dundas and Hamilton early in the century. Mr. Smiths j)aternal ancestors, whose descendants were among the \erital)le pioneei-s of Tpper Canada, came originally from Amsterdam, and were among the first settlers of Manhattan Island. Our subject's grand- father, Isaac Smith, was a native of Sussex county, N.J., iiaving l)een born near the historic old '' Tjog jail ■■ in 1771. Being a staunch loyalist, and hence not at all in sympathv with i y** J. f .\'-jr-. HON. A. S. HARDY. M.P.P. Q.C , Brantforo, Ont. t- 204 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. those wh«> had taken up arms against the king, he came to Canada in 1793. shortly after the close of the revolutionarj w.ir. He made the long and perilous journey nearly all the way on ff six sons and a daugh- ter, all of whom are still living. Of the stms, Joseph H., the eldest, iesi(ies in Hamilton; W. B. is a wlnjlesale merchant in Toronto, and is also associated with Daniel E. andCJeorge W. in the Creng those who obtained second- class certificates. At the end of the year he received a tirst-class (irade A, his standing being again especially high. The next two years he taught in the township of McKillop, near Seaforth, and this was followed for a similar period at Greensville, ).ear his early home. Then, on account of failing health, he gave up teaching, and spent the succeeding yeai-s in luniV)ering and mercantile life until 1871, when he returned to his old profession, taking charge of a, school in Nelson township, county of Hal- ton. In June of the same year he was appointed to the positi<»n in which he has since so distin- guished himself, that of Inspector of schools for Wentworth county. To say that Mr. Smith has faithfully performed all the duties of his official position, would be to give him credit for but a small portion of what he has really done. He has not oidy been an ardent worker, but has been, and still is, an enthusiast in the cause of education. His great aim has always been to advance the status of the schools in the rural districts, and thus to afford to fanners' children l)etter facilities for obtaining an education, and in this directiy the Ontario lejjislature of the recent enactment rej^ardinj; lea\ iiifi examinations. In connection with this Nuhject, it will not he out of place to quote th" followin;^ from that excelh- ,t publica- tion th'i yew Yoi'k School ./ntirnal. Speaking of Mr. Smith it says : '• While he has advariced with the times, he has endeavoured to preserve not a little of the salutary metlxKls of a past eihicatioiial system, and given i)lay, as far as this was }K)ssible, to the individuality of the teacher. In education to-day the num is counted nothing; the agejit, the machine, is everything. It is against this that Mr. Smith has worked and has sought to free his inspectorate from a system which sujjpress.s all individuality, and loses to education that precious (juality, which is so vital to the weal of the comnmnity, the personality of tne teacher, and the inspiration and effective wink which come of its free exer- cise." Mr. Smith's merits have !iot l»een with- out recognition among his fellow-educationists, and in ISSS he was elected president of the Ontario Teachers" Association, the higliest honorary position in the profession in the pro- vince, and he was the first public school inspector who ever held the nt4» Conservatory of Music. LIEUT. COL. BROWN CHAMBER LIN, (JtfttH-a, Out. I lEUT. COL. BROWN CHAMBERLIN, li CM. (J., D.C.L, late Queens Printer and Com{)troller of Stationery for Canada, was l)orn at Frelighsburg, in the eastern townships of Queljec, March I'tith, 1)^27. He received his eaily education at the <,'rammar schiMil in his native place, and from private tutors, after- wards attending St. Pauls school, Montreal. Subsecjuently he entered McGill college, wliere he graduated as B.C.L. in 1S.")0, and as D.C.L. in lSt')7. ?^>r several years he was an elective fellow, and was the first president of the (Grad- uates' Society, a position which he held for a numl)er of years. He also received the degree of M.A. (honorary) from Bishop's college, Len- noxville. Having chosen law as a profession, he was called to the bar of Quebec province in 1850, and juactised at Montri .il for some time. Believing, however, that lie had niistaken his avocation, he abandoned the legal profession, foi- to him the more attractive field of politics and literature, and in 18.").'{ he secured an in- terest with his brother-in-law, Mi-. John Lowe, as joint editor and ])roprietor of the Moiitreal (iiizfff'', with whom he remained conjiected until 1870. From an early age he had taken an aident interest in matters of a public nature, and alxiut the yeai' 18.")0 he joined the British American League and Union Club, an organiza- tion numbeiing among its memlK'rs many dis- tinguished men of our own time. This associa- tion was a strong factor in the union of the pro- vinces of British North America, a project for which its niembers worked etarnestly and per- sistently both with voice and pen, and in this work the subject of our sketch did his full share. In l85;i, he delivered a lecture <»n this imjtort- ant question before the Mercantile Library A.s- sociation of Montreal, of which he was for some time a director. He also took an interest in the Mechanics" Institute, and wa.s consulted by the late Chancellor Vank(uighnet, then Minister of Agriculture, conceiiiing the provisions of the measure intriKluced anost he continued for three years. While en- gaged in this work (in 1858) he visited (Ireat liritain and France, and subsequently he re- ported to the Iward " Upon institutions in Lon- r 206 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. d«)n, Dul>lin, Edinburf^h, iiiul Paris, for the pro- motion of ip.dust'ial wlucfition." In that and otlier re|M)it> lie offered many valual>le sug- jfestions concerniiifi; this subject, as well as in leyi'.rd to the matter of healthv homes f(»r me- chaiiics and lalMturers. These su<;<;estions ware subsequently acted ujion and develofjed hy his successors. Tn IHOli, he was a memljer am' secretary of the Canadian Commission t the Tjondon Tn*ernatioiial Exhil)ition of that year. In IS<)7. he was elected to i-epresent his native county in the first pailiament of the Dominion, and continueri- soneis connnitted for extratlition to beheldovei' seven days, in ordei- to iis. This provi.sion was sul)se(juently intrcnluced into the extradition law of (ireat Britain, jiassed in l^<70. The views ur<;ed by Col. Chandierlin at the time have since also been emlxnlied in all extrfwlition laws anfl treaties. In connection \>ith military mattei-s, the subject of this sketch somewliat distinjjuished himself. He joir.ed the GOth Missis(|uoi Battalion on its formation, and be- came tii-st majoi-. and afterwards Lieut.-Colonel in conuuand. The better to tit himself for this position, he went throu<;h a course at the Mili- tary school, Montreal, then conducted by otli- cersof the (>Oth rejjular rejjiment. In the sprinj; of 1S70 he went in conniiaiid of his battalion, which was placed on active service, to <,'uard the Missiscjuoi frontier ajfainst an anticipated Fe- nian raid, the district bein<; under the command of Lieut. -Col. Osborne Smith, D.A.Cl. After a weary })eiiartinent of printinj; and stationery, he wjis made its j)ermanent liead and Deputy Min- ister. These ottices he has recently resijjned, owinji to advancinjjf veai-s. In 1K70, Colonel Chand)eriin married Ajjii 's Duid)ar Molace in their native land, they de- tennined to brave the difficulties and endure the hai'*lships of a journey to CanJida and a pioneer life in the almost unbroken forests of the Ottawa valley. This they did that they mij,dit live and die in a countiy enjoyinj; the protection of the flaj; undei- which they wei-e lM»rn. In ISl:*, they settled in Aylmei'. wheie Richard Edey. fathei- of the subject of this sketch, was Immii. His uKither, whose maiden name was Wyman. is of a family distinjiuishcd in the ainials of lM)th American and Canadian history, her fore- fathers havin<,' been amoni; that noted ban-.l who for conscience sake sailed from En<;land for America in the Mh Wyman. wh(t rather than do violence to his convictions oi- see his most sacred tiaditions outraj^ed, left Massachusetts and removed to Canada, locatinj^ at Aylmer, where Mrs. Edev's father and she herself were l)orn. Mr. Edev's fathe!' was amony the first .settlers in tlie county I MOSES C. EDEY, Ottawa, Ont. ^L 806 PROMIXEXT }fEN OF C AX AD A. of Pontiac ; ii> fact it was tlien a dense w«mk1, a!i(l lie made the tii>t <;rt of agricultural societies did much t<» improve the nietluMls of farming. Tne family numl)ei'ed seven children, three iily a year, leaving it U\ accept a position witn the well-known wlicilesale house of Messrs. Gillesj)ie. Moffat iC" Co.. Montreal, with whom he remained six years. He then came to Hamilton, wlieie for five years he was head of the wholesale dry g(M)ds tirni of Messrs. (iillespie. Deiiholm i\: Co. At the end of this period he joined Mr. Adam Brown in the wholesale grocery business, the tirm name being Brown, Gillespie it Co. From this he retired after ten years' connection with the firm. Since then he has gi\en his attention chiefly to tinaiicial operations, carrying on a brokerage and insurance business. For the past twelve years he has l)een resident St. Andrews Bene- volent ScK-iety, and at the time of the Trent art'air he joined the l.'kh hattalion as lieutenant under Capt. Mclnues, the Senator Mclnnes of to-dav. In the prosecution of his enterprises, as well as for pleasure, lie has ciossed the At- lantic several times, visiting the British Isles and France, and has also made a number of l)usiness trij)s to the West Indies. In reii;;non, he isR niemljer of the Presbyterian Chuich. In iSoG, Mr. (Jillespie married Elizaln'th A^nes. daughter of the late Alexandei- (iillespie, of Sunnyside, Lanarkshire, Sccttland, and ha-; issue nine children tive sons and four daughte-s. The eldest son, George H., is engaged in tht- brokerage business in London, Alexander is in the office of the Canada Life Insuiance Co'y, John is in the employ of George D. WikkI A' Co., hardware meichants, Winnipeg, while the two youngt ls in the township, and also in Bytown, then an in- significant village, now the city of Ottawa, capital of the Dominican. At the age of six- teen, the future senator wiis a clerk in the store of Messrs. James Maclai-en li Co., a firm the head of which has achieved distinction as one of the most enterpi-isiiig ami wealthy citizens of Canada. The store was at La Peche, on the (latineau liver, whieh was until lately, if not still, the iieadfjuarteis of tiie very extensive business carried on by ^lessi-s. Maclaien iV: Co In the store, young Heid gained a knowIe«lge<»f snercan i'e atl'airs and metlnKis, whieh has stiMnl him in ;^hkI stesul in the active and varie«l life it lias lieeii his fortune to lead. He reached mans estate jMtssessed of a tine physique, a clear head and stout heart. To these he added a fair education and an excellent capacity for busi- ness. This was all the capital he had when the tales of splendid fortunes awaiting the advent of such as he in British Columbia were circu- lated aliout his home. He determined to yo to ihe coast, and sonie (»f his '•ompanions were als(» of like mind. They therefore made up a ]iarty and started for the scene of their youthful enterprise. The journey, via New York and Aspinwall, across the isthmus of Panama, and up the coast, was long and arduous, but it was such as has l)een desciilied many times. Heacli- mg the scene of ex|)ected wealth, Mr. Kei«l be- gan operations as a miner. This was in the year 1NG2, in the early days of the province, when railroads were hardly tnought of, and roads of any kind were few. The story of those early days still remains to l)e written. The exjieriences of the pi(»neer miners of British Columbia form a tield which it is to l)e hoj)ed a Ca-adian Bret Harteor a Rudyard Kipling will secially of those who have to do the work of pioneers. The loyalty to chosen conmules, the love of sunnnary justice, are also (jualities to l»e desired. Tho.se of the pioreers in whom these qualities were dominant are to- day the .solid citizens of the province, and of the.se none is more re.spected than the subject of this sketch. Placer-mining was the hardest kind of work, and in the ca.se of many of those who followed it, its promises were far better than its results. Among thcjse who found their iiojM's of wealth by this road ilkusory was Mr. lieid. After si.x of the best years of his life, sj)ent amidst danger and hard work, he made up his mind that his luck must lie in .some other diiection. He went back to the business he had learned in the far-away Canada of those times and engaged as clerk in the store of Mr. F. \V. Fos- ter, of Lill(Ktet, now of Clinton. Afte*- a year in this estal)lishment, he accepted a'" >lfer from iJarnards expre.ss, now known a.^ the B. C. Ex- j>ress Co., to engage as one of the messengers of that concern. Barnard s express was one of the great achievements of British Columbia pluck and enterprise. In advance of any government agency, this admirable insti- tution afforded a means of communication between the scattered settlements throughout the vast territory now known as British Columbia. Mr. Reid s bu.sine.ss was to convey in safety the g(»ld dust collected by the banks from the miners, and entrusted by them to Barnard's express foi- transpoit. The route cfjvered was from Barkerville. the principal mining town in the CarilMJo district, to Yale, the head of njivigation on the Fraser river. The gold dust was locked in a safe carried on the stage, and then it was conveyed a distance of nearly 400 miles, a round trip being made by the messenger every two weeks. In such a country, and at such a periinl, this was a most respim-^dile undertaking, and woidd have l)een impossible but for the gef)graphical peculiari- ties of the region, and the far-sighted business- like pt)licy of the company. The exit from the country was dotted along the whole line from Yale to Suswap lake, which is now the route of the C.P.R., by Indian camps and settlements, and these native tribes were able to watch the movements of every bixly on the trails leading across the country to the international bound- ary line. The company engaged tlje Indians for .special service.s, taking care to pay them handsomely in every case. Under the encour- trilie was line with a flixxl ortation. Thou<,'h pi'osjH'rin^ in mercantile business, ^Fi'. Reid has never lost his inteiest in mining, nor has he ever l»een without investments in British Cohnnhia mines. He was a shareholdei- in the Spruce mine, which jirrimised well, and which has a hist«>ry as romantic as any on the coast. This mine (an alluvial) was woike oper- ate on a larjjer scale than hefoie. He has also an interest in a hydraulic claim with a iii at Kingston, Ontario, «m the loth August, If^."?"). His father. Mr. S. Sweetland, was an architect and contractor in c<»nnection with the Engineering department of the British army, and in that capacity he built a j)art of the defences erected by the Imperial authorities at Kingston, including Foit Henry, and the numerous towers which guard the entrance to the old limestone city. His mother was Miss .lane Norris, a niend)er of one of the old families of the ancient capital. Both his fathers and his mothers peoj)le were oi'iginally from near Exter, Devonshiie, England. His education, as far as such is acquiied in the scIukiIs, was l)egun and completed in his native city. In early youth he attended a piivate sch(M»l, and finished his studies at Queen's College, graduating from the medical depart- ment in 1S")S. After graduating, he connnenced the practice of his profe.ssicm in Pakeidiam, Ljinark county, where, as the result of his professional ability, great energy, and untiling zeal, he soon found himself master of a large and lucrative j)iactice. In 1?^)"), he removed t<» Ottawa, and there in his professional career met with even mure gratifying success. But it is not only in the discharge of his ])rofessional duties that Dr. Sweetland ha.s commanded so 214 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. larj]^ a share of public attention, for, while never seekin<^ office, he wjis essentially a public nwin, and no one has jjiven his time and earnest lalxtur's niore cheerfully in aidinjj anoi'ic lj, and Ottawa Uicyde Chil>. In DecemlM-r, lS7!t. hewas otlered the ollice of Slierill' of the county of Carleton, which he acce|)ted and still holds. In |H)litics, he has always l>een a Heform- er. and until he accepted his juesent ])osition he was one of the ablest e.xjionents of Liberal jtrinci- ples as well as the most i)ersistent and etiectiv*' worker for his party to Ih' found in the Ottawa district. He was instrumental in forminjj,- the Refonn Association of the city of Ottawa. At the tirst meetinir of this <»rirani/ation theie were only nineteen persons present. l)ut undei' his i;uidanceand inspiration it sj>eedily increased in numlters and usefulness, and has become a considerable factoi- in contributing^ to the party's success, not in the city alone, but throuirhout the Ottawa valley. He is a memln'r of the Hpisco])alian Church, ami has always taken an active interest in christian woik. His tii"st wife was Isaln-lla, dau<,'hter of SherilV Dickson, of Kingston, Out., who died in 1S7'_*, leavinj,' two resentati\e Canadian gentleman, and while prevented by hisntticial jKisition from takin*,' the same interest in public affairs as he formerly did, still he is as anxious as ever to assist in j)romoting the pros])erity of his native pnjvince. WILLIAM MTIR, I'orf Ddf/iiiiitiii', Out. WILLIAM MCiR, of the firm <.f A. \- W. M Muir, ship-buil]>lyin<; the Dominion of Caiuula with the most (h'sirable elements of her pipulation. He was Immii near tlie town of Stevenston, in Ayr- shire, Jan. (Jtli, li^'il, beinj,' the third child of John and Aj^ne:. Muir-. The name of the estate on which the Aluirs i.ive iteen Inirn for several huntlred years Iwick is Hayocks, and it still re- mains in the possession of tlie family. On his mothers side, Mr. Muirs lineaiit' can 1h' traced back to thebejiinniiii; of the thirteenth century, foi- it is on record that duiin;; the rei<;n -f William I. itf Scotland (120">), an ancestor was a witness to a contract, one of the jtarties to which was the Rurjih of Frvine. At the time of the Reformation in Scotland, memln'rs of the family tk an acti\e jiart on the side of the covenanters, and in KiS-"). one of them received a wound in an en Canada, settling on lands on the Chateau>'uay rivei', alMiut .'iO miles south of Montreal. On his ar- rival in this country, Mr. Muir was only thirteen years old. I'p to the time of leavineared. When the Papineau Hel)elli<)n broke out. in If<;{7, William, then barely sixteen years old, volunteered with his elder brother, an(l tojjether they joined the Loyalists under Major Camp- 1k*11 at a l)lofk house a few miles from their home. There they were attached to companies and for some time were er in their vessels to Britain, ansition on the rejxirt- ing staff of the Hamilton l^inifs, then owned by the late C. E. Stewart. In this, as in every occupation in which he has l)een engaged, Ik; distinguished himself Jis an energetic and piains- taking worker. In this connection it may l)e mentioned that he was the only iiewspajier reporter in Canada who acted in that capacity on the field at the battle of Uidgeway, in 186(5. Shortly after this he retired from journalism to acce|)t the .secretaryship of the Canadian Oil Company, and this in turn he reiinst active mem- bers ever since its inception ; and he is also a director of the Hamilton Opera House Comj)any. But it is in connecticm with the Masonic Order, lierhaj)s, that Mr. Mitchell is most widely known. For over thirty years he has l)een an enthusiastic member of the Craft, in which there are few, if any, who possess in a higher degree the esteem and affection of the biethren. The following brief notice of his career is taken from a recent issue of the Toronto Freemason : "St. Andrew's Lodge, No. 62, in Caledonia, clainis Jiro. Mitchell as her own. It was there lie was lH)rn, iiia.sonieally speaking, on the 18th Sejjteniher, 1801, and in the December following found himself senior deacon of his hnlge. On removing to Hamilton he affiliated with Acai-ia I^^Mlge, in which he was electe> the West, and in due time he assumed the gavel, which lie held from IStiT to 1870. In the second year of his office he was apjjointed a.*trict, and re-elected in 1871 and 1872. Fo";- years suliseijuently R.W. Hro. -Mitchell was elected (irand Treiisurer of the (irand Lodge, ami he has Wen so since that time. On the ('ornmittec of Oeneral I'urposes, Bro. Mitchell's tact iincl ability have been of invaluable service, especially as chairman of the committee on foreign corresjxtnd- ence during the |)eriod of difficulty with (^ueliec. He is honorary mendier of his mother loilge, St. Au- een a favourite with Bro. Mitchell, and even now he is first principal of St. .John's Chapter, Hamil- ton, in wliich he received the degrees in 18rdinate chairs in the next suc- ceeding years, and ])resided during lS(i!( and 1870. In the latter year he was appointed (iran the present. He represents the (Iraiid Cha[)ter of Loui.siana. near the (irand Chapter of Ciinatla. In tlie .\. and A. Scottish Rite, it is Bro. -Mitchell's ))oast that he was the first man who ever received the degrees in ("anada, which, including the Fiose Ci'oix, he took on the 22nd SeptemWr, \HiiH. He was the first T. l'.sitiou avA other sterlinji (jualities which go to make up a go«Kl citizen. HON. .JOHN CAHL1N(;, l^uii'lnii, Out. THE HON. JOHN CAHLINO, Minister of Agriculture in the Dominion Cabinet, is the son of a Canadian farmer. He Itegan life amid the ruggetl circumstances and simple sis- sociations of a [)i«)neer faiiners home, and what- ever of distinction he has won among iiis fellows, has come fi-om the exercise of those }»eculiar qualities of eneigy, industi'y, and tact which lie- long to self made men. His father, Thomas Carling, came to Canada from Yorkshire in IS is. and a year later pushed his way along the blazed road which letl into the almost unbroken foi-est of Western Ontario. He .selected a farm in the township of London, county of Middle- sex, within si.x miles of where now stands the picturescjue Forest City, and with the rude implements of W(M»dcraft he l)egan to caive out his backwiMids home. In lS-_'(), he mariied the |H»iiitwl Receivei-( General of Canada. l)ual representiUion In-ing allowed after Con- fecU'ratiitn, he .'Uho sit for the city of L«>ndon in i the Legislative As.sembly of Ontario, aral from •July, 1S07, until l)ecend»er, IS? I, beheld the i jMdtfolio of Ministei- of Agriculture and Pub- j lie Works in the Sandtield Macdonald (lovern- ment. In 1S74, after having jiassetl succes.s- fully through a numljer of campaigns, he met with his tirst defeat ; but in the famous election trial which followed, the cau.ses were cleaily brou;rht to liyht. In the wneral election of 1S7S, he was elected to the Commons for the city of Ltndon, and on the 2.'Jrd of May, ISSi', Just prior to the geneial election of that year, he was swoiii of the I'rivy Council and given the poitfolio of Postmastei-CJeneial. He con- tinued in that ottice until the l'-">th of Sej)tem- l)ei-, ISS."), when he In-came Minister of Agri- culture, which pisition he still holds. It was in the geneial election of IS'JI that he met with his second defeat, and on .Vpiil L'7thof the same year he was called to the Senate. It is worthy of remark, as iiidicating the changes which time brings in the composition of large representative IxKlie.s, that of the men who were in parliament when Mr. Calling entered it in 1S."»7, but two or three remain there now. ^Ir. Carling, throughout his parliamentary career, has never wavred from the political allegiance which he had formed early in life. He was a consistent Liberal - I Conservative, and was among the late Sir .lohn Macdonalds followers for more than thirty- three years. Notwithstanding the numerous ruce Railways. He was also chairman of the iMiard which di- rected the construction of the London water- works system in 1S7S. in a word, he has U'en for nearly half a century identified with most of the public enterprises in the city which he has s(» faithfully represented in parliament. Mr. Carling owes much of his success in pul)lic life to his invariable suavity, his far-reaching cau- tion, and his unchallenged probity. Tn jiublic life he has always exhibited the same kindliness and candour which have equally marked his pri- vate character: so that, all through a long career, it may be .said that he has won, rather than commanded, the men wlm have stcMnl by him. His administration of public otlices has been marked by a hiuh order of executive ability, aided by an ahiKtst unerring judgment of men and their motives. Although an ex- ceedingly cautious man, he has Im-cii l)oldly ag- gre.ssive whenever he clearly .sjiw the op|)ortun- ity of doing a useful public service. Instances might U' multiplied in illustration of this char- acteristic, but tlu' mmh I'll public are jierhaps ^} t /^■JT-U HON. JOHN CARLING, P.O., M.P., London, Ont. T 220 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. most familiar with his {ynmipt and erticient efforts for the estahlishnu'iit and «'(iiiij)nient of the Dominion experimental t'aiin system. This has l>een the most con<,'enial woik of his life, ami a work in which he not oidy had the active co-operation of the late Sii- John Macdonald. hut the hearty encoura;;ement of his colleagues. In this entei"[>rise, as in many others, he has l)een jfuided by an almost faultless judjjment in selectinj^ the l)est men for the execution of his ideas ; and it is not t much to .say that years hence these experimental farms will Ik- a tittinj; nxmument to the foresi<,'ht and wisdom of their f«»under. Mr. Carlinn became associated with Messrs. Baldwin, Bidwel!, Dr. Morrison, Rolj)!!, Armstrong, Wm Lyon Mackenzie and others opposed to the old family compact. He re- mained only about three years in Toronto, re- moving thence in 18.'54, to the St. Clair ert S|>ence, to take a |M»sition in the Canadian government, he was elected to the ct>uncil and chosen mayor of the town. He declined re-election in the following year, though subsetjuently he .served for several years as councillor. The duties of his professicm claimed Mr. Bartons chiei attention, and for many years he c<»n(Iucted a large and successful practice. He was called to tlie Bar in I8r)9, and continued in Dundas until 188], when he removed his law office to Hamilton, afterwards taking up his residence theie in 1889. Among those wh(» studied with Mr. Barton in the old davs were B. B. Osier, Q.C., V. M. McKenzie, Q.'C, and A. R. Wardell (of Dundas), while the ])resent Judge Osier, was his junior i)artner in 1861. After commencing ])ractice in Hamilton, Mr. Barton was elected a Tru.stee of the Hamilton Law Association, and served seven yeai-s in that capacity. He was offeied the judgeship of Wentworth prior to the a})p<»intment of Judge Sinclair to the pf)si- tion, but for business reasons declined to accept. He is also a mend)er of the Hamiltcm Associa- tion, and was one of the founders of the Went- worth Pioneer and Historical Association, in both of which he takes a great interest. In literary mattei-s Mr. Barton has at various times furnished many valuable contributions to the pre.»is, discu.ssing political and economic subjects with intelligence and vigour. In politics, Mr. Barton is a Baldwin Reformer, though he has always favoui-ed Protection, a policy which he advocated Jis far back as 1 856. It was on this (|uestion, that in 1878 he gave his adhesion to the National Policy, which he has since loyally supported. In religion, Mr. Barton is a mem- ber of the Church of ?^igland, of which he and hisfamily have Ihhmi devoted adherents. In 18.")0, he married Elizal)eth Alicia, daughter of the late Major Atkin.s, and grand-daughter, of the late Major-(4eTieral Atkins, of the British army. ! By this union he has had i.ssue six children, four Iwys and two girls. Of these, the eldest son died in Prince Edward Island s<»me years ago : Ed- ward is in the real estate business in Toronto ; King is in his father's law office ; while Fred, has taken to mercantile life. Mr. Barton's bi'other, King, now a resident of Chicago, was T .L PROMIXEXr MEN OF CAXADA. ISl for niciny years in the service of the Caiiudifiii (Jnverimieiit when Piirlianient us»«l to sit Ity turns at Tninnto, Montreal and Kin;;ston. In his (lav. Kin^i Harton was otieied a senatorshij> 1)V Sii- .lohn A. Maidonald, hu the honour was declined and afterward aecejtteti hy the late Hon. Fhilij) VanKou;ihnet. Pers< nally. .Mr. Barton is a man of niest features roken forest in the western jiait of the j)i'ovince. There they to<)k up land Jtl)out four miles fiom Sti'atford. then called Little Thames, with the desijrn >f makinji a home for th m.selves. In this they finally succeeded despite the hardships whicli they, in common with other .settlers, had then to endure. When Samuel j^rew up he removed to Strat- ford, and after remaininji there for a time he opened a lace his son, Alpheus Polley, wjus l)orn in 174"), who, wheit the Revolutionary War broke out, re- maining loyal to the Crown, with other V . E. loyalists, left his home at the close of th»' great stiuggle in ITi^.'i. and proieeded to New Biuns- w ick. where Mis. Hesson s father, John Polley, was Imhii. In If^OS the fajnily removed westwanl to I'pjH-r Canada, and after reaching this province they settled in ToronU». where they remaint'd s(»me yeai-s, and during their stay there Maigaiet Polley was Ixirn, the family after- ward settling at Simcoe, County Xorfolk. The Polleys were also relate.">. Samuel Hesson moved with his family to Stratford, and there he estal)li.shed a general store. Charles attended the public and high sclnK)ls, where he received a thorough practical education, and aftei- completing his scholiustic course he entei^ed ujmhi the study of law. But to this he only gave his attention for alMtut three years, when he desired to abandon a profession which he saw already overcrowded. Shortly after this he removed ti» Manitoba, where, for a while, he was in tlie Hudson Bay Company's service, and for a time had charge of the freighting of Indian and North-We.st Mounted Police department supj)lies. He was afterwaids engaged in the real estate busi- ness in Brander. 1S?<(), lie was appointed Deputy Collector at St. Catharines. A year later, owing to the death of his predecessor, the late Mr. Seymour, he was promoted to the CoUectoiship, a jMisition which he has since filled to the s.vtisfactiim iMith ^^i tlie department and the public. In politics, Mr. Hesson has always l)een a Lil)ei'al-Consei'vative, his father, Sanuiel R. Hesson. having continuously repie- sented North Peith in the House of Conunons for a [)eri;h repaid by a larife circle of fiiends. MAJOR JOSEPH M. DELAMERE, Q.O.R., Tomtifo, Out. MAJOK DELAMERE. whose name appears alM)ve, has, since lK)\'h(MKl. shown strony inclimitioiis to the following of military pursuits, i)eing a descendant on both sides of his house, of meji who have devoted a great jKirtion of their lives to the service of their country, in {)eace as well as war. Joseph Martin Dela- mere was Ixirn in the cfiunty Down. Ireland, on the 2nd July, 1848. His parents vere Dawson and Jane (Martin) Delamere, l)oth of whom were Ixn'n in the north of Ireland, and came to this country in 18.^5. Mr. Dawson Delamere settled in Toronto, were he was stwn after ap- pointed to a jxjsition in the Custom House, which i>osition he occupied for twenty yeais, and, in fact, until the time of his death, which occurred a. numl)er of years ago. Major Dela- mere is the youngest son and has l)een a resi- dent of Toronto) ever since his parents arrived in Canada, and was educated at Upper Canada College : he was appointed to a position in the local legislature in 1868, in which he has served in various capacities until several years ago when he l)ecame postmaster in the parliament buildings. It is, however, as a military man that the subject of this sketch is Ijest known, having, since a very young man (only seven- teen years of age), taken an active part in military matters. He tii-st joined the Queen's Own Rifles, as a member of the Univei-sity comj)any, in I8()r), and has kept up his connec- tion with that regiment ever since, passing through all the ranks up to that of Senior- Major, now held by him, and as such is next in oi'der for promotion as Lieutenant-Colonel. He served in the North-West rebellion (foi" whicii he received the medal given by the Imperial Government) sis Captain and Adjutant of the Queen's Ow^n, with Colonel Otter's brigade. While with Colonel Ottvn- in this campaign, the fastest march on record was made, being from Swift Current to Battleford, which was accomplished in the short time of live days, a dis- tance of 206 miles. As a rifle shot. Major Dela- mere has long Ijeen known as among the best, and is now the owner of several meei'feLtion of our Canadian soldieiy in the proper use of the rifle, and is now. and has l)een for a long time, a meml)er of Intth the Ontario and Dominion Hirie .Vssociations" Councils, in which he has tilled different ottices. In jxditics, the Major takes no j)art •■»hatever. His travels have In'en j>rincipal!y contined to Canada, in which he takes great jiride, deeming that we liave a c(»untiy alxiunding in e\erything that gt)es to eidiance the j)leasure of the tourist. He is a meml)er of the Churcii of the Ascension (Epis- copaliaji). but is very liberal in his views. Major Delamere was married on the 21st April. 1^78. to Elizal)eth M.. youngest daughter of the late Colonel Ceorge T. Denison, of Rusholme. He has two children, a son and daughter. Major Delaniere's ancestors weie one of the oldest English fan\ilies, but of Frencii extrac- tion cm the paternal side. His uncle Captain John Delamere served in the Peninsula war un- der Sir John Mfjore, and also in India during the fli"st mutiny. Dating back as far as 1402, Sir Peter Delamere, of whom he is a lineal descend- ant, was elected sj)eaker of the British House of Ctmmions, that position having Ijeen previously in the gift of the Crown. Major Delamere Ijeingof a (|uiet disposition, and unostentatious demeanour, has made himself a favourite among his associates, who will be pleased to see him commander of his old favourite corps, and to l>e able to address him as Colimel. MARTIN J. GRIFFIN, Otffurn, Out. MARTIN J. GRIFFIN, the genial and scholarly Libraiian of the Dominion Par- liament, poet and litterateur, was Ixirn in St. Johns, Newfoundland, August 7th, 1847. He received his collegiate education in St. Mary's college, Halifax, and studied for the Nova Scotia bar, tirst in the office of Hon. William Miller, late Speaker of the Senate, and later in the office of Hon. James McDonald, now- Chief Justice of Nova Scotia. He was most successful, being called, when only twenty- one, with a first-class certiflcate. From an early age he had shown decided talent for literature, and even before he l)ecame regularly cimnected with any public journal, he had conti'ibuted articles of various kinds to the press of Halifax, and had made some ambitious ventures in poetry and criticism for magazines in the United States. His ability secured for him a place on the staff of the Halifax ChroiiicJp, for which he did gorfs.-<, wliifh position lie held until 1S74. His writinj,' durin<;that j)erif the outl(K)k for the future, declared that the question of independ- ence was a legitimate one for discussion, without, however, committing himself to its advocacy. His speech was applauded raptun»usly. The Reform press, as a rule, followed, either with reticence or weak approval, and a few flew into a passion. Some of the Conservative pai)ei's again cried out " treason," but no dead came out of theii- graves. Sir Richard Cartwright, for s(»me years back, has had a hard battle to fight against Tf England lady, Iwrn at Stoke in Devonshire. About the year 1840, the family emigiated to Canada, coming direct to Hamilton, where Mr. Kerniedy, sr., formed a partnership with his cousin, James Parker, and started a general wholesale business, under the firm name of Kennedy, Parker it Co. In 18r)2, Mr. Parker died, and his partner, who continued .1- REGINALD >E. KENNEDY, Hamilton, Ont ♦ ••< I ► «< •J-_»8 I'llOMIXEXT Mi:X or CAXADA. tlif Imsincss iilniif. (Mily survivptl liini alxiut ,\ rliarter hiciiiIk'i-s of (Jorc i^.Kl;eneidus nature, and he has many warm Ivennedy iVr Co. ejiiTieX. L. F. K. ^^ASS(•N formed a comiianv for the i)urcliaseof the 7V//(»'x mi/ newspaper, which was accoinplished m !>( Land ' from that time until the present he has l>een I I El'T. COL. LOCIS FUANCOIS UOD- in-esident and manaN, Senator of tiie Hm\- Printin;.; Company, a concern which is known inion. was Ihhii at TerrelMnine, on the 7tli of far and wide as heiiijf one of the most enter November, 1S."{.>. His family is one of the prisin;t sind succes.sful of Liln'ral journals in the oldest and most iiotahle in the Province of Que- Doiiiinioii. Tn addition to the connection with hec. and has branches in many parts (»f the the Tiiii'n Co., he has been a director of the province. The father of the subject of this Landed i»ankin<; it Loan Company since its sketch was Hon. . I osejili Masson, for many yt'urs iiH-eptioii some thirteen years a>.jo : is a director a meml)er of the Leresideiit of th?^ Hamilton Klectric Li;,'lit iV- Hayinond, also a member of a well know n and Power Company : and a member of the Hrm of wealthy family, her father liavint; been a iiiem- I >. 1{. |)ewey A' Co., coal importers. Thiouj^h- ber of the Lej^islative Assembly of Lower out his business career, Mr. Kennedy luus lieen Cannda. .\t her «leatli. in 1S8.'?. this huly distiniruished for his tact, executive ability ar.d left a larj.'e fortune, a jiortioii of which went straitjhtforwardness. and he bears a hij^li rei)Uta- to relati\es. while muniticent legacies were tioii ainon^ the business men with whom he has bet|ueatlied to various public institutions. Her been liroujiht into contafct. In public attairs, charitable disposition and many i^ood deeds wen he does not take a very acti\<' interest, thouuli for her, far and w ide, the admiration of friends, he served several years as alderman, Politi- As a special mark of orter of son. the musical service beiiii^ ]ierliaps the jjrand- lei;itiinate sport, Mr. Kennedy is also well est the county has known. L)uis Francois Hode- know n. and he has done much to enhance the rick .Massoii was educatetl at the .Fesiiits" C'ol- ii'putation of Hamilton in this connection. lei^e in Worcester. Mass.. coiiipletinj; his course Cricket is his fa\iiiirite jiame. and in the days at St. Hyacintiie, Quebec. While still a col- of his active playinji he was a ifood safe bat. and Icixian, he had an opjxntunity to imjirove his an excellent bow h'r. For many years he was mind which few youiii; men enjoy. He was captain of the Hamilton club, and it was under allowed to accompany one of the most distiii- his lead that many of its most brilliant successes i.niished scholars of the j)roviiice. Kev. Mr. Do- were achieved. Notably, it may be mentioned. saulniers. of St. Hyacintiie Colle;,'e. on an exteii- he captained the H. C. C. team on the meiiior- si\e tour of the Old World. Tiiey went t'nrou<,di able tour in the United States in L^Tl), when Kurope systematically, the youni,' man liavin<; they defeated tlii' Yoniii; .Xmerica's by ten the opportunity to study institutions and Ian- wickets at the opeiiini; of their new ijrounds at i^uaifes under the most favourable auspices. They Stenton, Pa., subseiniently defeating,' the Si. also visited the Holy T.Hin(l, and made a careful (leorires club, of New York, and the Stateii inspection of its many most interestiiiif si-enes. Island iliib. He was also i*aptaiii at \arious On leavinj; collejfe. .Mr. Masson entered ujmc times ill matches with the j^entlemen of lCniM)iiited hri^jjule major of the Sth military district. When the first Fenian raid placed the whole volunteer service on the nid rirf, Mr. Masson was anion<^ tliose who otlei-ed for active service. He was ordered t<» the frontier in an inijjortant post, and remained until (juiet had l)een restoreeople of Terrebonne asketl him to represent them, and when he consented t<» })e a candidate no opposition wjis offered. His popularity among his people was indicated in the same way in subsequent eIection.s, for Colonel Mas.son never had a contest during the whole of his career. In the House of Conniions his ability as a speaker, his higli character, his clear and firm conviction, joined with mcxleration, caused him to be greatly resjjected, while his genial man- nei-s won him many friends on ix)th sides of the House. He gave the Government roved in Lieutenant-Colonel ^las- .son's case. Sir John A. Macdonald had under him a Innly of men wh<» simply would not irrev- ocably accept defeat. With a leader who could diiect their assnults ujion the (Joverinnent .st» as to pnxluce the greatest results, they carried on a warfare unexamplt'd in the annals of Cana- dian j>arliamentary institutions. Prominent among the.se able and devoted men wa.s Mi*. Massiin. His great pipularity in Queliec, and his intuitive knowledge of how l)est to attract the attention and arouse the enthusia.sm of his j>eople, made him a power in the House. His devotion U) his party and his ceasele.ss enei'gy vere also factoi-s in his marked sucee.ss. The grounds of attack ujmn the Government were theii' half-lieaited jxdicy in leference to the Canadian Pacific iiaiiway, and their lefusal to grant .such i)rotection to Canadian industiies as w(»uld enable them to make a fair showing in com|)etition with the demoralized manufactur- ing interests of the United States, and at tlie ' same time place Canada in a l)etter jMisition in resj)ect to negotiations for a treaty of reciprolicy by hav- ing vcdunteers" unifoiius and also the anununi- tion, and even attempted to have the heavy guns used in the service, manufactured in the country, which attempt, however, failed, and generally infused energy and enthusia.sm into tlie department and the sei-vice at huge. The effect of all this work upon himself, however, was disastrous. Two years sufficed to break him i down, and at the beginning of 18S0 (16th of j January) he resignetl. His leadei* and c<»lleagues, anxious to retain him as «me of their number, gave him the office of {)resident of the council, the woik and I'esjwMisibility in connection with which is comparatively slight. Even this grew irksome, howevei', and within the year he retired from the cabinet altogether. He de- cided not to be a candidate in the general elec- tion of 18S2, but the Government prevailed ujMm him to accept a seat in the Senate. Two years later, his friends in the Province of Que- l»ec gave lum also a position in the Legislative Council. Being offered the Lieutenant-Gover- norship i»f the province, he resigned Intth his legislative appouuments, and on the 7th of Noveml)er, 1884, entered upon his new duties. r A PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 231 As Lieuteiiant-(Tovernoi-, Mi-, ^rfissoii was thor- ou;;hly jM)j)ular. The duties of the ottice, as is well kiiiiw!!, are mainly social, and for the dis- ehiirjje of such duties his geniality and his wide ac(|uaintanee with jH'ople eminently tittee drug business in Lewiston, N. Y., oj)posite the historic village of Queenston, on the Canada side of the Niagara river. In 1830, he settlele concern was liuilt up, one wliicli, for many years past, has Iteen second t«'i"if the Iniard of police, the then ^overnin<; IhkIv, and for a numljer of yeai-s afterwards he seived in the city council as alderman. He was also a maj^'istrate for uj)wards of a (|uarter of a cen- tury. In ISTCi he Iw^canir President of the Canada Fire I'i: Marine Insurance Company, a jMtsition which he held durinj; its entiiv exist- ence, a fact t<» which its success was lar<{ely due. At no time did h«' take any leadinj; j)art in [xditics, l»ut duiinji his later yeai's he was in thoroujjh symiiathy with the trade jwdicy of the Liln'ral-Conservative j)ai'ty. In reli'jion he was an AnjLflican and a meml)erof the Con^nejiation of Christ Church Cathedral. In ISl':5 (Sept. 11), Mr. Winer mairied Sarah Hyan, daughter of a farmer livin<.; near Beaver Dams. Ont., and had i.s.sue one son and three daujfhters. The son Dr. W. D. Winer, took \ip his residence in Chica<,'o in IS.*)."), in svliicli city he accjuired a distinjiuished reputation as a physician. He was a suri^eon in the Northern ai-my during the ci\il wai', and died in Chicajio in IST-i. I>y the death of John Winer, Hamilton lost one of her best citizens. It has heen well said that '* his business success was phenomenal and his business fame univei-sal : "' his reputation for honour and intej^rity was of the hiiihest, and his j>ri\att' life without a stain. To quote the words of a local paj)er at the time of his death : — '"As a man he w;is larLfe-heaited. of a (piiet disposition and thoroujjhly well-liked. He had the fullest confidence and esteem of everyone with whom he came in contact, and it would he imj)o.ssil)le to find a man who was more pop- ulai". He was a true friend, and especially con- siderate to those in his emi)loy." Mrs. Winer, who lately died at the advanced aj;e of ninety yeai's, had a vivid recollection of the stirrinji times of the wai' oflSlL*-l4. It was near her home that Col. Fitzj^ibhon, with about 100 retjulais and a few Indians, made the caj)- tuie of nearly 700 .Americans, and it is re- corded that Sarah Hyan, then but a youn;; j;irl, volunteere«-rilous ride to take on horsel.'ack, but she accomplished her mission successfully, though several times pas- sing in view of American soldiers, who regarded unsuspiciously a girl apparently taking a ride for i)leasure. W. H. (ilLLAHD, lliiinilton. 0)it. II'ILLIAM HKNKV (ilLLAHD, the head \\ of the Hrm of W. H. (Jillard iV- Co., wholes;de grocers, Hamilton, is widely known as a public-spirited citizen and an enterprising and successful business man. He was l)orn in Devonshire, England, July I'l', 18.S7, his parents In-ing Henry and Maria (iillanl. His father, who was a tea mei'chant, carried on a prosper- ous business in the old counti-y until 1S.~)S, when he witl'-diew from it and came with his family to Canada, settling in Hamilton. Innnediately upon their arrival, the subject of oui' sketch, who had ac(|uired a first-class connnei'cial education at i)rivate scIkhiIs in Lynton and Uarnstaple. I in Devon.shire, entered the oflice of John and j Jarrres Turrrei', the entei])rising wholesale gr'/cerv I firm of which the latter- (the late Senator Tur- ner) was for- many years a leadiirg figure. In this ]^M>sition he ivmained until April, 1S67, when he was admitted as a partner-, the name of the tiiiir being charrged to James Turner iVr Co. This vorrrrection he nraintained until Jurre, IS7S, when he retir-ed, and associating with hirrrself his i)i-other- John, established the whole- .sjde gr-oceiv house of W. H. (iillar-d i*i: Co., rrow one of trie lar-gest and rrrost p|•o^pel•ous iir its line in the Donrirrion. The firm at preseirt consists of its origirral members, with the addi- tion of H. X. Kittson, who was admitted a part- ner- in 1SS4. The firiir's business is now %er-v large, exterrdiirg, as it does, throughout Ontario arrd Manitoba, and westwar-d to Vancouver-. Apart from business affairs, Mi-. (iillar-d is oire of Hanriltons nrost active citizens, arrd for- nrany years has takerr a prominent ])ar-t in conrrection with e\ei-y eirter-prise desigrred to pi-onrote the citys irrter-ests. The i)ai-t which he took irr the great sumrrrer- carnival of ISS'.I may be cited as an example of his jurblic spirit. He it was who first conceived the idea of hold- irrg the carrrival, and from first to last was one of the hardest workers in t-onnection with it. As vice-pr-esident and chair- rrrari of the executive arrd firrance connnittee. Ire gave ever'v attention to the importairt duties de- volvirrg ujiorr him, and a large rireasur-e of the sui-cess achieved was due to his individual effor-ts. Dur-iirg carnival week the North- t J W. H. GILLARD, - Hamilton, Ont. I>D 234 I'ROMIXEXT MEX OF C AX A DA. AiiH'rifjin St. (Jeori;e's Union, of which Mr. (iill;ii(l «!is prt'sith-nt, held its iinnual ron\fii tion in Huniilton, Jindon thtM-wninji of weli-onu* (lay th«' (l»'lci;jit.'s from tin- Icadini: •■itic^ of the I'nitcd States and Canada wcrt' t'litt-rtaincd in lijiht royal stylv- hy Mi*, and .Mrs (iillaid at tlicir iK-autiful n'sidencc. " Undcrrlitf't'," in tlir soutluMii jM»rtion of the city. .Mr. (Jillai-d has Ih'cii a nie»jl»er of the Houid of Trad*' foi- a i|Uarter of a century, and licid tiic otHce of president two years"(lssr) to ISSS). Dmiiij.' the sfvme |M'ritaiiiich Conservative, and thc»ui,'h takinj; an acti\(' part in election caiuj>aijfns. owint; to his extensive business interest.s, has never as] >i led to either ]»arlianientarv or iiinnici- j>al honours. In relijiion, he is an Ej)iscoj»aliaii. and is a memljer of the coii'jrejiation of the Church of the Asc< nsion. Tn |S()7. Mr. (Jillard marrieoucli- ervilie. Quebec, where he was lM»in, on the ll'th January, 1S42. He is descended from an old and hoiusurecl French family, which is connected liy niairia1 to lSi)7, iiiid ;i niemlM-r of the i>ominion senate. Alexandre [..Jicoste, the subject of the present sket«h, inherit«>d in increased measure the tal ents of his father. Early in life he showed more than ordinary judgment, while his studi- ous habits and pei-severance marked him out as one destined to achie\t' success. He iK'gan his studies in that excellent institution, the St. Hyacintlie seminary, and here he made rapid progress in ac<|Uiring the rudiments of a souiul edmatioii. He finished his scholastic career in Li%al university, where he was known as a clear-heatled. hard working student, and achiev- (mI more than ordinary success. I>'aving his iffiiHi niiitii\ he entered ujMin th»' study of law, to which his talents, as well as his preferences, strongly inclined him. He comjdeted his stud- ies U'fore he had ipiite reachelace to be sound. He continued his reiuling, accu- mulating thereby knowlertiiiit (juestioiis iK'toiv tlu' Judi- cial Cniimiittee of the Privy Council, the court of hist rr;-M>rt in the ein|ii?r. ( )f these cases, one may In? mentioned which, in its imjxirtance, and the brilliant victory achieved, jierhaps trans(enn recognized as one of the strongest among the paity leaders. It was l)ut natural that such a man should Ix? called upon as a jxjpular repre- sentative. Again and again he was urged to come torward as a candidate, either for the Legislative Assembly of the proviiice, or for the ouse of Common.s, such a choice of constituen- cies being offered him as would a-^sure his elec- tion. But he never felt at liberty to yield to the requests of his friends, the claims of his large clientage l)eing paramount. After some time, however, he compromised by agreeing t- ily. As a lad, the subject of this sketch mani- fested a wonderful liking for, and marked ability in the study of natural science, especially of geology. He was only a lad of fifteen when he was given a post on the (Geological Survey by Sir William Logan, the eminent chief of the staff in those days, who, Ijeing acquainted with the father, had noted the Iwy's aptness for scientific investigation. From that time to the present, Dr. Bell has been identified with this import- ant branch of the Canadian public service, and has by his marked ability, as well as by his many and valuable public services, raised himself to the second place in the survey. In the course of his work he has visited almost every portion of the Dominion, including some parts which few can Iwast of having seen, and has taken an active and useful part, not only in adding to the stock of knowledge (tf their own country posses.sed by Canadian.s, but in applying that knowledge to the development of inqwrtant industries. Incidentally he has made for him- self a name, both in and out of the Dominion, JUS one of the leading scientists of his time. In the winter season, when the field work of the survey was necessarily suspended, he .studied en- gineering and surveying in McGill University, and in 1861 graduated with the degree of C.E. i- PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 237 Tliis was l)iit tlie lH'<,'iiMiiiiy of a Ion;; and anlu- «»us course of stuosition he held for tive yeai's, attending to his academic duties in the winter, and con- tinuing his work as an («rticer of the geological survey in the sunnner. This work, however, proving too arduous, he was Lompelled after a time to retire from the pi"ofes.sorship. From D<69 to lH7f<, he studied medicine in Mc(Jill University, when he graduated as M.D. and (y.M., and in the .same yeai' hecame a mcmhei" of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Lower Canada. In the course of his iM-illiaiit career. Dr. Bell has earnelogical Survey, and in special com- missions of scientific investigation, volumes might 1)6 written. He has probably ti'aversed a larger area of British North America than any other man, living or dead. Only his most im- portant works can l)e enumerated here, and these but briefly. Dr. Bell is regarded as an authority upon mattere relating to the great country between the Height of Land and the northerrunost limit of travel in the Hudson's Bay r. gion. He has made no fewer than nine trips overland, or by canoe, to Hudson's Bay. VVliile in the course of these explorations he has gathered a ma.ss of invaluable information concernii'jL; that little known but interesting legion. His rejM»rts uihui these .seveial trips are, in fa';t, the [)rincipal .source of the know- ledge we jKtssess with icgard to the region ivhich has In^en di.sseminated throughout the world. Th.e advocates of the Hudson's Bay Kaihvay scheme have relied mainly for their facts ufMtn Dr. Bell's repoits. These docu- ments have proved that there are vast resources in that regi(m awaiting only capital and intelli- gent industry to de\elop them so to mike them a mine of wealth to Canada. Dr. Bell was able t;> add still further to his store of know- ledge of the great north land through his otlicial connection with two ex|)editions sent out by the Dominion Government (one in 18x4 and one in 1885), to a.scertain the facts as to the na\ igability of Hudson's Stiaits. On l»oth tlie.se expeditions, tin first by the Xfjifuw, and the sec<»nd by the Alert, Dr. Bell was engaged as geologi>t and medical oflicer, a j>ost which gave i him every facility for studying the country to i the best advantage. At the thi-eshold of the i Hudson's Bay country lies the North Shore country. Within recent years tliis territory has been brought well within the c<»ntines of civiliza- tion by the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway. A part of the country is what is com- monly known as the Sudbury mining district, famous for its immense priKluctivene.ss in nickel, a metal which, if m«xlern inventors speak truly, will be in great demand ere long for many pur- po.ses of industry. To the sum of the world's knowledge of this most interesting portion of the Dominion, Dr. Bell has contributed liberally, not only in giving accurate accounts of its geo- logical formation, but in correcting the topogra- phy to the great julvantage of the prospectors and others who have undertaken important pioneer work in the development of mining. Another section in which Dr. Bell has travelled exten- sively is the Gaspe peninsula, a rich land from an industrial point of view, but richer to the scientist, especially to the student of geology. Dr. Bell has also made extensive researches in the western peninsula of Ontario, in the far North- West, and in other portions of the Do- minion, as well as in Newfoundland. Dr. Bell was apjM>inted to his present position, as Assist- ant Dij-ector and Geologist of the Geological Survey in 1878. A signal contribution to the advancement of the country was miide by Dr. Bell in connection with the Ontario Mining Com- mission. The great accumulation of evidence to the effect that Ontario possessed great re- i 238 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. sources in minerals led the government of that province to appoint, in 1888, a conniiission of alile men to visit the points of greatest interest tiom a miiieralogical p)int of view and prepare a report upon the subject. Dr. Bell was appoint- ed a meml>er of this conniiission, l)eing selected e.sj)ecially for his knowledge of geological sci- ence. The report was duly made, and it is a most .serviceable document, of interest alike to the practical geologist and miner. Dr Bell is a ivsident of Ottawa. In 187.S he married Agnes, daughtci- of Alexander Smith, Escj., of West- Imurne and Auchintnjig, .Scotland. HON. WILLIAM MILLER, Q.C., P.C, Aric/iaf, N.S. THE HON. WM. MILLER, Q.C., P.O., one of Nova Scotia's most prominent Sena- tors, and ex-Speaker of the Senate, was ])orn at Antigonish, in that province, on the 12th Feb- ruaiv, 18:U. He is descended on the paternal side fitim a family that emigrated from Bel- fast, Ireland, in 1720, and settled in Maine, IT. S. A i)rancli of this family, Alexander Miller, tiie gieat grandfather of the subject of this sketch, removed fiom Belfast, in the State of Maine, with ten other heads of families, to Colchester county, N.S., in 17<>0. He was Mtation of Canadi.ui minis- ters of the crown, headeil by the late Sii" John A. McDonald, visited Prince Edward Ishmd, and induced the maritime delegates to adjouin to Queliec, and di.scuss with the Canadian government the ([uestion. of a union of all the provinces of British Notth America, the result lieing the adoption of the Quebec Resolutions. But although in favour of confederation, Mr. Miller strongly opposed the Quebec Scheme of •I- HON. WILLIAM MILLER, Q.C., P.O. Arichat, N.8. ►•■< 240 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. union as unjust in many of its details, especially in its titiancial arrangements, to the smaller provinces, and particularly to the province of Nova Scotia. The tii-st public demonstration of importance in Nova Scotia, or indeed in the maritime provinces, against the (juel)ec Resolu- tions, was a nifiss meeting in the city of Hali- fax, ahout the close of 1864, at which Mr. Miller was one of the chief spe^ikei-s, and the proceedings of which v/ei-n fully reported in the newspapei's of the time. Among his opening remarks is to be found the following para- graph : — "I do not wish, Mr. Mayoi-, that my appearance stile to aiiv sL'henu^ of union whatever, and that there was da;iger of a c imjilete collapse of the move- ment inaugurated at Chai'l<»ttetown. As this was not his desire, he determined to avert this disaster. Senator Miller has always b.'en dis- tinguished for the fearless utterances of his opin- ions, nevei" lacking the courage of his cttnvic- tions ; and at this eventful j)eri(Kl in his career, he boldly adopted a course of action which saved the union cau.se from defeat, although at the ex- pLMise of his own popularity for a while, in his native province. He desired ami endeavoured to find a common standing ground for the friends and opj)onents of the great measure agitating the people ; and it was on his sugges- ti(»n, and with his assistance, that the ottm- promis.' was effected in the legislative .se.s.sion of ISiJt), under which the delegation to England was appointed to secure, uniler the aus])iees of the Imperial Government, such moditications of the Quebec scheme as would make it more fair and aeceptalde to the people of Nova Scotia. The speech in which Mr. Miller publicly as- sumed this attitude towai'ds confedeiation, was delivered in the legislative asseml)ly on the ;ird of April, ISfJG, and, as is well remendiered in Nova Sc :>tia, produced a profound impivssion, not only in that body Imt throughout the pro- vince. After fully stating the position of the ([uestion, and the reasons that rendered it desir- able that the friends of uiuon should seek a com- promise, he gave expression to liis views in the following language: "Now, Sir, holding the opinions I ilo in reference to this great (juestion, sulvocating the principle of union, and opposing the Quelwc Ke.solutions, I have Ijeen asked by the piess of this country, and I admit not un- fairly asked, to define my ptisition. I have l)een ask?d to justify my onduct in oj)}^Kising a scheme endnKlying a principle to which I am connnitted, without offering any other means of obtaining the end I profe.ss to have in view. Well, Sii-, I am lit re to-day to define mv posi- tion, and to answer the other objections urged against me. I am also here to make an en- quiry of the government. As to my position, I am in favour of a federal union of these provinces. I l)elieve such a union liest suited to the exigencies of our situation. If a legisla- tive union were practicable, I would j)refei' adopting the federal [irinciple in forming a union »»f British North America. Accepting, then, as I do, this princi{)le, I desire to ask the government if there is no connnon ground on which the sui)porters i>f the Quel)ec scheme can m;'et the fi'iends of union on more ad- vantageous teiins, and ai'range the details of a measure that will be jus. and satisfactory to the i)eople ? 1 think there is a common ground a ground on whicl; T am willing to take my .stand, no matter who follows me. If the government will publicly ai>andon the Queltec scheme, and intr«Kluce a re.solution in fav(mr of a federal union of British America, leaving the details of the measuie to the abitra- n\ent of the Imj>erial (Joveiinnent, pi(»j)erly advised by delegates from the provinces, I prom- ise them my cordial support. This would l)e commencing rightly. By getting the indorse- ment of the legislature in the outset of the [)rinciple of union, and its authority to enter on the settlement of details of the scheme, the friends of the measure would occupy a very different position from that occupietl by the delegates to Quebec conference, who went to Canada, in 1S()4, without any authority from parliament. No small .-imount of oj)position was at that time excited against confederation from that cause. Tt had nmch weight with myself and many others, who ltM)ked uj>on the action of the delegates as a usurpation of power. I l>t>lieve the most certain means of *»btaining justice f<»r the maritime pi-ovinces, would be to leave the settlement of disputed details to the Imperial (Jovernment." Mr. Mil- ler continued : "Sir, the ho.stility I have all along evinced to the Quelle scheme of Con- federation has bee'i fr(»<|uently attributed to a desire to defeat the (rovernment, and thus pro- mote my own pcditical prospects. I trust that the course that I have this day taken will l>e a sufficient answer to this charge. If such were my desire, my end woukl be most certainly ut- - ►♦*- PROMINENT .}fEN OF CANADA. U\ taiiierl, in the present wifle-spiejul hostility to that scheme, hy inaintjiiniiij; tlie jMisitiun I have occupied t'oi- tlie last eijihtecn months, without committing myself to any pi-o|M>sal t'ed high on the scroll of fame ; pioud, I say, as I am, and may well be j)ermitted to be of these things, T have never ceased to entertain the hope, expressed in this legislature in isr)4, that the day was not far distant, when you, sir, and T. and those who listen to me in connnon with the inhal)itants of all these nolde provinces, united undei- one government, might, foigetting other distinctions, stand ix'fore the wcirld in the prouder national character of British -Vmericans." Shortly after the deli\t'ry of this speech, the leader of the government, provincial secretary Tui^ter, sub- mitted a resolution to the assembly, in accord- ance with Mr. Millers views, which was carried by a large majority, and The British North \ui- erica .Vet, of ISC)?, was the result of the accepted compromise. At this day it is hard to see any grounds for the charges of inconsistency and sud (Icii i'on\('rsion on the subject of union, made aganist Mr. Millei' in the excitement of the strug- gle ; yet it has seldom been the lot of any public man to be assailed with grejitei- bitterness than was the young member for Hichmond, by the anti-union party in Nova Scotia at that period, in conse(|uence of that speech : notwithstand ing, from the outset of the agitation, he had consistently and persistently declared himself friendly to the piinciple of union. This bit- terness is, howexei', not surprising, when it is known that the result of Mr. Millers action in this crisis was signally disastrous to that party, as it changed a majority of ten against the Quebec Resolutions into a majority of four- teen, in the house of as.sembly, in supjxirt of a fairer scheme of union. Before Mr. Miller declared for another confeience in I>)ndon, to reconsidei- the whole (|ue.stion of cunferejudices, or other unwoithy motives, while the subseon the con- sunnnation of the union, Mr. Miller was called to the Senate by I'oyal pioclamation. Ever since that time he has l)een regarded as one of the most able and useful meml»ers of the uppei- cham- iH'f, always taking a leading {)art in its debates, and on connnittees, and at all times wielding a large amount of intlut'iice among his colleagues. No man, perhaps, in the Senate, is listened to with more attention and lespect than the Sena- tor from IJichniond, for notwithstanding he is one (»f the most ready and ettective debaters in tliat ixnly, he is careful never to Inue the House, and rarely addresses it unless he has sometiiing worth contributing to the debate. But he gen- erally takes a leading ])lace in all great discus- sions. Senatoi- Miller has always Ix-en a staunch advocate of the Canadian Pacific Rail- way, and the development of the North-West Teiiitories, and in the debate on the admission j of British Cia into the union, hedeliveretl 1 an able sjieech in favour of the innnechate con- i struct ion of our great national highway. It is i a noteworthy coincidence, that this speecli was delivered on the .'Jnl day of April, 1871, the fifth anniversary of his memoiable utterances in the Nova Scotia house of a.ssembly on the sub- ject of union, and wound up in these words: " In concluding his ol)servations he could not help remarking on a coinciilence in his own KK - 4 24: PROMINENT }fEN OF CANADA. connection witli tlu> i^i-eat ortant statement re>iardin<^ confederation, said that 'a union of the maritime provinces with Canada and the f^reat country lieyond would j,'ive them a terri- tory extendi nopula- tion ; the great resources of British Columbia added to the Dominion, and trade with the East secured and developed ; but he has lived to s«'e all his most glowing predictions becoming real- ized every (hiy. Mi". Miller has l)een for sev- ei'al sessions chainnan of the private bills com- mittee, and also of the connnittee on cimtingent accounts (intei'nal economy) of the Senate foi' several years. He has twice declined a seat on the Bench, first when offei-ed by his jM)litical opponents, through Premier Mackenzie, and afterwards by the goverinnent of Sir John A. .Macdonald, whose jwdicy he has generally sus- tained. On the 17th of October, \W.\, he was ele\ated to the position of Speaker of the Sen- ate, which ottice he filled with tuucli ability, and to the ♦■ntire .satisfaction of his colleagues, until the dissolution of ]>arliament in 1SS7. In poli- tics he is an independent I.ilteral-C'onservative, ranking high in the Senate as a constitutional lawyer, and deemed one of the safest authorities in eithei- house on parliamentaiy law and usage. Senatoi- Miller was c»fleretl by the late Sir John A. Macdonald, the leadershij* of the Senate, in ]>lace of Sir .\lexand» r Campl)ell, and itn recom- mendation of the latter, in 1SS(), when Sir Alexandeis health necessitatei»t a few of the l)est of Canada's sons, A. W. Hoss was the descendant of a ntirewnshi|) Middlesex, hut afterwards mov- ed to the townshiji of East Williams, Middlesex, where he lived to the <;(M»d old aj^e of eiosition, liow»'ver, he agreed to give the government a fair support, the ob ject Ix'ing to meet a movement on the j)art of the French-Canadian meiiilHMs liKtking to the establishment of minority rule, they holding the balance of power. lUit when the Nor(|uay gov- ernment falsified the pledges of non-partizan- shij) under which his support was gi\en, Mr. Ho.ss returned to his former position as an inde- pendent Liberal Oppositionist. He icsigned his seat in S[)ringtield in 1882, in onler to con- test Lisgar for the Commons in opposition to tile .sitting niemU'r, Dr. Schultz, af'terwaids Sena- tor and now Licutenant-Ciovernor of Manitolia. 4 r 4. riiOMiyEXT MEX OF C AX AD A. 245 \\v was sucffssfnl in tin* CMiitt-st and lias sine*' cnntiiuifd to ifjncscnt tlir same ronstituciuv. .McaiitinH- iMtlitits uciiijtifd tli»' sniallt-st j)ait dt' Mr. Iiosss tinu'. He U'canif /«//• '•./•(vV/i/^c/' tlu- liusiiifss man and rapitalist ot" the Noitli-West. Tin- indsperity <>t' tlit- <<»uiitiy attracted atten- tion. es|)»'ciaily in Ontario, and its jn-ospects drew capital tioni e\eiy jiait of the woild. The race t'oi- wealtli was such as Canada had never seen iH'fore, and the wildest stoi'ies of the j^old excitt'nient in California had nothiny to exceed in intensity the sj>eculative area of Manitoba's liistoiy. Anioni.' all the itusy men of that time, few had so much to think of as A. W. lioss. He was not ordy a darinj^ speculator hut he saw in advance the wants of the countiv in a business way and took jiart in supplyinjj; them. He be- came the owner of lands not in Winnijiej,' alone but in almost every part of the North-West. He held the patent of the land uj)on which now stands the city of Braiulon, aiul he it Mas who ).ia%e th" jdace its name. He engam could not but injure the financial standing of one with such tremendous interests as Mr. lioss. ( Mder men than he, men who prided thems»-l\es uixm their cautiousness rather than u]>on their enterjirise, fouiul them- selves in^olved in the common difficulties which followed the inflation of that period. He strove manfully to meet all obligations at great personal sacrifice. There was no j)lace for his talents in a country whose spirit of buoyancy had iM'en brokt-n, ho^^ever, and in 1SS4 he i-e- moved to British Colund)ia, lixing in Victoria. There he remained U'ltil December, ll*!^."') when, the Canadian Pacific Railway Company having decided to make its terminus at Vancouvei- he removed to that point. Mr. Ross accompained Mr. VanHorne on his selection of Vancouver as the teiniinus for his road, and they Intth united in considering it to be one of the best natui'al town sites in the woikl. He wasjoinid by Mr. Ce{)erley, and these two Ijegan busines.s as real estate and insurance agents. A large aiul j)rofitabl(' business was(|uickly built up. Mr. Ross's excellent connection enabled him to do much tf> bring in capital and build up the city and the coast generally. He was the means of ac(juiring for the city the right to use for jjark purpo.ses the (Jovernment reseive, which is i-e- puted to be one of the most U-autiful natu- ral parks in the world, the Dcnuinion re- .serving oidy the right to use the place at any time foi- military purposes. In July, ISDO, Mr. Ross sold out to his j)artner and returned to WinnijK'g. Ix'lieving that the prairie capital is the place which, by I'.'ason of natur.il advan- tages and the public spirit and enterprise of the ])eople. is destined to become the great metro- polis of Western Canada. Since settling again in Winnipeg iie has projectei-ises and oigainzed .several large corporations. One of the latter is the Canadian Land Invest- ment Coni]»any, which nund)ers among its niem- Iwrssomeof the chief capitalists of theDomiidon. He has interested capitalists also in the Xorwo(Kl TmprovementCompany and the Noiwood Bridge C«>iupany, one of which has acijuired an eligible tract for residences whicli can In* reached within a few minutes frou) the centre of the city by a bridge across the Red River, which the IJridge Company will buihl. It was Mr. R(tss who first called the attention of the Dominion (Jov- er-nment to the advisability of t'stablishing one or m(»re national j)arks in the Rockies on the line of the C.P.R. The late Hon. Thomas White, then Midisterof the Interior, asked him to make a repirt on what locality should be chosen. Mr. Ross reconnnended two, one of them the present national park at Banfi", and the other in the Selkirks. The Hon. Mr. White, carried out the recommendation by establishing Banfl' Park. An evidence of the esteem in which Mr. r 246 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. Ross is lu'ld hy his constituents aniM»rt the j,'overnment. He dis- agieed with his old Liln-ral friends on the (|ues- tion of the aid jiroj>osed to he j^ivmted to the Canailian Pacific Railway on consideration of their comjiletiiig the road five years Iw'fore the time specified in the contract. He found that on matters afi'ect'ng the Noith-West, whose interests it was his s}«ecial duty to i^uard, he was more in accord with the Conservatives than with the LilnM-als, anil he thus gave the government a general but indt-pendent sui)jiort, hut never attended a caucus of the paity. and in the general election of iJ^i^T he was lecognized as a goverinnent supporter. In the general election of 1S!>1 the Lil»erals worked hard against him, hut he had no ditticulty in defeat- ing their nominee, the Hon. John Taylor, and headed the poll with a majority of 100. In Parliament, Mr. Ross has taken a special inter- est in matters relating to railways and other practical means of developing tin- country. He has In^en the promot>'r in the House of a num- ber of hills having this object in \ iew. He sel- dom speaks in the Himse, but in the few speeches he has made he has proved himself a leady, skilful and forceful debater. He nuule two able speeches on the aid to be given to the Canadian Pacific Railway, whicli v^ere [H'inted and distributed by thousands in England and .S.-otland, as emigiation literature. Among his tV'lIow niemlKMs, as well as in every ciicle in which he moves, he is esteemed for his kindly nature and his many social, gtM»d ijualities. He was enablee invitation had In-en sent thi'ough P^ngland, but the ofhcial machin- ery moved slowly and the notification to Canada was delayed. As a result of this leminder, a few weeks afterward the Canadian (iovernment received the invitation to take part in the great American celebration. Few Canadian jiublic men have travelled so e.\tensi\«'ly as Mi-, {{oss. He is familiar with every part of Canada, and knows the United States almost et|ually well. He has crossed the Rocky mountains no less than twenty-eight times, taking the trip by every one <»f the tnins-contineiital lines, and on one occasion I'ode aci-oss on horseback. He has had occiusion to visit Enjilaud a number of times. A thoroughly practical maji, he has made giMnl use of liis opjMirtunities, and has ob- served closely men, manners, and institutions. Mr. Ross married, on the .■{(Jth of .July, 187.'?, Jessie Flora, daughter of the late Donald Cat- tiinach, Liiggan, (Jlengarry, by whom he has two .sons livin*'. JOHN CHARLT(JN, M.P., Lyufdorh, Otit. IT is a recognized a.xiom among parliament- arians that it is in Opjntsition that leaders are developed. In the comparatively long time in which the Lil)erals in the House of Connnons ha\e sat to the left of Mr. Speakei-, a number of men of pronounced intlividuality and great ability have att.ained their jMilitical maturity, and have fitted themselves for oflice, when the party shall succeed in obtaining a j)ailiament- ary majority. Among these none is inore 1 prominent in the eyes of his fellow members or I in the eyes of the peo{)le than the subject of this I sketch. The Charltons aie an old Northumber- lantl family whose genealogical lecoids date I back to the Noi-man era of English hist<»ry. Adam Charlton, of Xewcastle-on-Tyne, came to Aujerica in 1Sl'4, and settled in the State of New York. He mari'ied Ann Gray, wh«»se people came from NoithumlHMland, and who was l)<»rn at Gorham, N.Y. Tlie coui)le lived for a time near Caledonia, X.Y., where their son John was boin on Februaiy ."?, 1S2!*. Three years later the family removed to Ellicottvillc, where Adam Charlton entered the em[>loyment of the Holland Land Company. At the same time he carrit'd t>n farming, and Jre to l»e opened at what had In-en known as Wilson's Mills, where the post ofhci' of Lyne- doch had lately Im^cii opened. The i-esult of this was the establishment of a firm destined to pi'osper, and the opening of a caret-r in mercan- tile life which has nuule Mr. Chailton a man of ••-••• .L JOHN CHARLTON, M.P., Lynedoch, Ont. - 4- 248 rROMIXEXr MEX OF C AX A DA. coiisideriiblf iiieans Tlie caiiilal t»t" the !inn, iiuUuling the cost of tlie builclin>r wliii-h they had constructed foi- their l)Usiiiess, was atniut vi'lif^UO. Besides the money caj>ital, liowever, there Wiis sound business ability, capacity £i»r woik, and excellent ojijMtitunities. Pine tinil)er was abundant in the district in those days, and Messre. Ciiay and Charlton branched <»ut from their reyalar business into lunil)eiinif in connection witii Messrs. Smith, Westover \' Co., a wealthy and rej)utable tirm of Tonawanda, N.Y. In iSoil, Mr. Charlt(m s(.ld ..ut his interest in the stole to en<;a<;e in tlie luml»er business solely. He was en<^a^ed l)y Messi-s. Smith, Westover it Co., to take charge of their business in Canatla. Mr. Charlton discharjjed his duties to the thoi'ouj^h satisfaction of his employers, and when, in iStJl, they retired from l)usiness in Canada, they i^ave him the opportunity t^t buy out their interest on favau*- able terms. Mr. Charlton then formed a part- nership witii Ml'. James Ramsdell, of Clarence, N.Y., to carry on the business, and the tirm of Ramsdell it Charlton continued in successful operation for several years. Tn ISO."), Mi. Charlton purchased his partners interest, and for some years carried on business on his own account. Subsetjuently he e.vtended his oper- ations considerably in partnership with Mr. Alonzo Chesborough, of Toledo, 'lled his it'tirement. Mr. Charlton had always taken a warm interest in politics, ami had done go »d woik for the Liberal [tarty, with sviiich he was closely identified. He had developed gootl abilities a-! a speaker by taking part in public meetings of various kinds. His activity in connection with church and Sunday- school work did unuh also in this direction. He had attracted a gul»lic accounts, and hy the House. The r»*f)Oi"t was stion<;ly condemnatory of Sir John Macdon- alds er- als to the opjxtsition side of the House, the duties expected of such men as Mr. Chai'lton weiv \i'v\ laborious. The lecoid of his woik since ISTH must, tlierefore, be confined to arliamentary tiyhtinii. First, as Ijeiiiif nutst impoi'tant fi'om a political point of view, the trade i|uestion may be mentioned. On this point Mr. Charl- tons position has, in some ies[)ects, changed, lie beifan as a [)rotectionist of a modei-ate kind, but is MOW one of the strongest advocates of a pure revenue-taritl" policy. He has always been enthusiastically in favour of reciprocal free ti-ade with the ("^nited States. < )n tliis ipiestion, so long ago as ISGS), he publicly advctcated a zollverein or customs union with the United States. Tn ISSI he referred the (piestion to a (•oii\ention of t!ie Liberal electors of the riding of North Norfolk, and by that gathering his pi»sition v/as endorsed, and instructions were ^i\en liim to continue his adversonal opinion that the clearer and more easily explained system of customs union, which obviates the loss of revenue (iifticulty that will atteneches that he makes does Mr. Charlton display more ability than in those he makes upon trade and fiscal questions. As a leader in the denunci- ation of extravagance and corruptitjn, whether in high t>r low places, Mi: Charlton has rendered his party and his country signal service. In the session of 1S8"), he called for a return show- ing the ap}>lications for timber limits, with notes as to what had been done in each case. The papers were brought down in 1<^)^0, a tremend ous collection of thirteen or fourteen thousand foolscap l>ages. With a jjei-seveiance. worthy of all praise, ^Ir. Charlton went tluough the whole of this material, and having mastered its contents, he presented in a powerful speech a sunnnary of what he had learned. He showed that about twenty-five thousand s<|uare miles of territoiy. a laige j)ortif)n of it in the disputed territory, had been granted l)y the goverinnent by private arrangement and without calling for tenders. Of the grantees a score or more were mend)ers of Parliament and senators, and there were, besides, a hundred or more applications gianted to outside parties on the application of legislators. Upon the facts thus presented, ^fr. Chailton based a resolution declaring that the practice of thus using the jmblic lands to con- ciliate parliamentary sui>iM>rters was one de- structive of the independence of parliament. The res((lution was voted down, but the facts pi'esented in the speech weie used with tiemend- ous effect in both the jirovincial and Dominion election camj)aigiis which followed within twelve months. Another ([uestion which, in its time, even overshadowed that of the tariff", was the j)roposal for the construction of tlie Canadian Pacific Railway. When the contract with the syndicate was announced in the session of ISc^O- Sl, the Lil)erals opjxjsed it with all their force, not only in the House, but in the country during the short time in the Chiistmas lecess that was available for public agitation. Tn the fore- fnmt of this fierce war of opinion, Mr. Charlton was conspicuous. He, more cleaily than any of his colleagues, outlined a policy which he con- FF f? 250 I'HOMIXEXT MEN OF CANADA. tended would huild tlic liiif within a tiine short onouyh for all jnaftind jiuijMtses. He iir;;ed the construction of the road from Liike SujH'rior to the I{oeky Mountains, jirtion he scored many jM)ints in his platform and parliamentary addresses by dwelling upon the oistly and cum- brous character of tlie new law. and upon what he reganled as its essential unfaiiness. He also intriMlucetl a resolution in the session of 18S7, sijuarely demanding the repeal of the act, and has twice introduced a bill to make the piovincial franchise in each province the Dominion fran- chise. Tn the session of lS*tl he picsented a bill to provide that where the provincial voters list was later than the Dominion list, the former should be Used in Doirririion elections. These were, of course. Noted down by the rrrinisterial irraiority. Tn connectiorr with this may be mentioned an anrendment to the elc'tion law which Mr. Chai'l- ton has vei'V strongly ur-ged upon the House. The use of the power of spending money on pul)lic works, to ad\arice the irrter-ests of the dominant party, has become a crying ai>use in Canadian politics. Mr-. Chai'lton seeks to meet this evil by a proposal to declare it a corM'upt practice within the nreariing of the act to give or promise opeidy or tacitly any jniblic work to any locality with a view to art'ecting a pending election. This measure he has twice, though vainly, intr-oduced. In no way is the meml)er for North Xoi-folk better known than by the statute which is commordy known as the Charl- ton Act. The object of this nieasure is to pro- tect women against the wiles of unscruj)ulous men. As Hist introduced in 1SS2, this bill was one to declare the seducer- a criminal, and punish him accordingly, and to visit with still heavier* punishment arryt)ne enticing young girls to disreputable resorts, or seducing a woman in his employ or placed under his guai'diairship or- conti-(»l. With his usual thoroughness, Mr-. Charltorr. before presenting the irreasur-e, had made himself farrr'iiar- with the statutes upon thi.s subject throughout the civilize*! world, and presented to the House sirch a list of precedents as re\okcd the expressions of coriteirrpt with which liis |>ro()osjiI was at first receive*!. Year after- year- for- four- su(-cessi\e sessions did he pr-ojMise his bill without ell'ect. In the session of I8?ath observance. This bill was first preserrted (backed by numei-ous petitions fr-om churches and other- religious societies, and fr-om individuals), in the session of ISIMJ. Its objects wer-e to pr-oliibit Surrday newspajM-rs and all Sunday work in newspaper- offices, save that necessary to the issue of the paper on Monday ; to prohibit canal traffic between si.K o'clock a.nr., and ten a'clock i).nr. on Sunday : to regulate railway traffic on Sun- dav, so as to reduce it to a minimum, aiul to pr-(jhi')it Sunday excursions by boat or rail. The bil' wasamongthe "slaughte-ed innocents' at the Close of the session. In the following year it met the same fate. Hut Mi-. Charlton has not only liis natural deteimination, inspired by a cause which i.iost men will regai-d as a wortliy one, but also the memoiv of his own success after- repeated defeats, to cause him to persevei-e. He tleclar-es his intention of keeping on with this bill as he did with the other until he su(-cee(ls or ceases to be a member- of the House. Mr-. Cliailton was one of the '■ noble thirteen," as they were called, who voted to condemn the Crover-ninent for failing to disallow the Jesuits" Estates Act. And not only did he vote, but lM)th in the House and on the platform he denounced with eltujuence and power what he consider-ed as a great wrong to the people of the whole Dominion. He c<^ntended that the (jues- tion of the act should be referred to the Supreme Ctiurt for- an opinion as to its constitutionality. He attemjited, tm April 30, 1S89, to present a resolution in favour of that course, but the Speaker- ga\e the floor to another- gentleman who i-f»se at the .same time. Mr. Charlton hotly contended at the time, and has always since believed, that a delil)ei-ate arrangement had been made to juggle him out of the opportunity he desired, and there were cei-tainly str-ong reasons for l)elievirig that the Prime Minister of that day. Sir John A. Macdon/dd, put up tme (»f his supporters to '' head off" what threatened to Imj a very awkward proposal. By a singular co- -- I'ROMISEST MEN OF CANADA. 951 iiu'iflfnoc. hdWevoi'. Mi. C'liuilton i^iiiiied his ]«>int l>y liiisiii^ tlir sul»jec-t of fct't'icnrt' to tlu* Suj)renH' Court |)ass«Hl ujioii by tli»' House just oiH' year tVoni the day on whicli his Hist atteiii|it hail tailed. Tlie motion wa-; tlieii debated and Io,st. Mr. Clwirlton was a leader in the Kcjual Rij^hts Association which yrew out ot' the ajji- tation on the Jesuits" Estates (|uestion. He was the subject of much ciiticism for his subsequent action, but his couise was one quite consistent with every principle lie had inexiously laid down. He found the attempt made in the executive c(»nunittee (»f the as.sociation just In-fore the provincial <;enei'al election, by means of a manifesto, to reHect, as he l«'lieved unjustly, upon the ( )ntario Ciovernment as led by Hon. Oliver Mowat, a <;ovei'iunent which he held to l)e the i>urest and best the country had ever known. He declined to be a party to this action, refn.sed to subscribe to the manifesto when it was issued, aiul not only that, but to offset .at nmch as j)ossible tie attempt that had been made, he published a letter to \Vni. Cavan, D.D.. j)resident of the association. jii%in>; his reasons for refusinji to sign the nuinifesto, and took the ftumj> in favour of the (Tovernment. In the course of that campaign, which seemed more ominous tor the (iovernment than any previou.s one since Mi'. Mowat's accession to ortice, yiv. Charlton addressed many meetings, and always with effect. Tiie fints of similarity there are in the social and political circumstances of the two peoples, seeks to use the e.\|>enence of the Americans as a matter of practical ann, in iSSCi, he made a strong speech in advocacy of the consolidation of the theological colleges carried on under the auspices of the Presbyterian Church in Canada. The proposal was received with a gcxnl deal of favour, hut it aroused opposition among the representatives of the colleges, who are a power in the Assembly by reason not so nmch of their numliers as their conniianding ability. The debate was the occasion for a lively passjige at arms between Mr. Charlton and the Kev. Princi- pal (Jiant. in which that divine did not have it all his own way. Mr. Chailton purposes press- ing this (|uestion again u{»on the attention of the A.sseml)ly. His ability and his knowledge of public affairs, combined with his thorough l>ractical acquaiatance with their business, has led those engaged in the lumber and timljer business, to look to Mr. Charlton for assistance in mattei's which recjuire legislative or executive action. For years he fought the export duty on l(»gs, and his speeches had nmch to do with causing the (Government (in 1SS9) to rescind its action in increasing that duty. Another pul>lic office in which he has been engaged, and one wholly different from those mentioned above, was that t«'r of Canada, R. A. M., honorary memlier of the Northern and Southern Supreme Councils of the ."J.'irtl de- gree, as well as of many sulxudinate lodges in Canada and the United States. Without dilat- ing further, it may l)e said l.u'ietly that Hamilton is the leading Masonic city in the Dtnninion, and John W. Murton is one of the foremost meml)ers of the fraternity. Tn ])olitics, Mr. ]\rurt(m !.as always I »en a strong adherent of the Heform party, and tor fourteen years he was chairman of the Hamilton board of license c«mi- missioners under the Ontario (iovernment. Tn religion, he is a Protestant, and for the past thii'ty years ha:- been prominently identified with the central Piesl)yterian church. Mr. Murton has been maiiied twice first to Miss Sophia M. Clark, daughter of tin late William E. Clark, one of the pioneeis of Hamilton, on September 22nd, If^oS, and after her decease, to Miss Emily Itoper, second daughter of the late John Henry Roper, of the same city. His family consists of five sons, all by his first wife. The senior members, Edwin, Chai'les and Percy, are actively engaged in business for themselves. WILLL\M HOD(iSON, Otttnni, Out. II^ILLIAM HODGSON, Architect, is the tT ekU'st son of William and T)eborah Hodg- son. He was born at Wigtoii, near Cai'lisle, Cumberla'ul. iMigland, on Eebruary 11th. iS27. His father was a builder, and his mothers j)eo- ple vv-ere agriculturists. Their family consisted of seven children, four boys and three girls. Williani attended the parish school in his native place whei'e he recei\ed a good education, and in 1S40, having decided to adopt his fathers trade, he engaged with him to receive the in- struction and practice necessary to l)ecome j)roficient therein. Tn 1S41 he accompanied the family on their removal to Canada. On arriving duly at ATontreal the family jnoceeded to Kingston rid the liideau Canal, passing through Bytown, then a small settlement, giv- ing little promise of the prosperous and popu- lous Ottawa of to-day. From Ivingston they took the steamer to Whitby, in which township a brother of his father had settled and was engaged in farming. After looking round for a short time, his father decided to locate in the village of Tii'o(»klin, where he started in the cabinet-making business, and I'emained there until his death in ]\laich, ISoG. His mother tlied on the 9th of August, 1847. William re- mained with his father until he was twenty-two - WILLIAM HODGSON, Ottawa, Ont. r 254 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. years of age, wlieii he renitived to Whitby and eonnnenced business for himself as a builder. In 1857 he i-enioved to New York and from there he returned to Hamilton; in each of these places he was en<;ager, wliich is above reproach. Mr. Hodgson is a member of St. (ieorge's Society. Tn politics he is a Consei-vative. Tn 1870 he took a trip to the land of his birth, sjHMiding con- siderable time in his native county and also visiting the principal cities in England. He is a member of the Anglican ccMnmunion and attends St. John's Church. Tn 184!) he mar- ried Esther, daughtei- of Thomas and P]lizal)eth Anderson, Intth of whom have since died. By this union he has out' son, Thomas, who was Ihmii in 18r)0, arid is now a prominent manu- facturer of sash, diM>r and house finishings in the city of ( )ttawa. Notwithstanding his many yeai-s of arduous lalxmr, ^^r. Hodgscm is at present in the enjoyment of excellent health, and is still engaged in the active discliarge of his vaiious duties in which he lias earned the resj>ect of the connnunity. CHAUNCEY W. BANCS, Ottnir,!, Out. ^pHE gentleman whose name appears at tin* 1- head of this sketch lias been known for up- wards of forty years as one of the most progres- sive and public-spirited citizens of the Dominion capital, and one of her most enterprising and successful business men. Chauncey Ward Bangs is a Canadian by birth, having been born at Stanstead, Quel)ec, January 19th, 1814. His parents were Benjamin Bangs and his wife DelK>rah Smith, l)oth of whom were New Eng- landers, the former a native of South Hadley, Mass., and the latter a native of Weatherstield, New Hampshire. The name of Bangs, though not a conunon one in Cantula, is very familiar in the I'nited States, where it has the distinc- tion of ancient fame, for s;ton waitl. a position which he tilled for nine years to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. In 1S7S he was elected to til ' mayoralty, an office he tilled with diixnity. as well as with high executive ability. In poli- tics, he has always been a staunch Hefornier. At tliH geneial election of li^TS. he was cho-ien by his party for tiie repres Mitation of Ottawa in the Dominion i)arliament. but was defeated. Paity fet-lin:illed a very large vote. In 1S()7, Mr. I>angs was mainly instr'smental in organizing the Buckingham Mam. 'acturing Company, which op^'rated extensively in lumber, and of which he was for many years president. In b -nevolent sttciety circles. Mr. Bangs is known as a member (»f the Masonic fiatei-nity, whicli he joined many years ago. In r.'ligion. he is a worthy membei- aiu! adiierent (»f the Presbyterian (Jinirch, of whos ■ institutions, as indeed of all religious and philanthropic ent -rprisi's. he has always been a ill) 'r.d suppoiter. In 1S4!I, .Mi. Bangs mairied iClizib'tii. daughter of the late William Kirijy, of Hawkesbury, who was a nati\e of York- shire, England. The issue of this union, which h IS been a happy one. is a family consisting of four sons an 1 foui- daugliters. ( )f th -s;', Wil- liam C'hauncey, th > eldest son, is a m Mnb 'r of tli<- tirm of Bangs i»i: Co., forwarders : Tlionuis .Jetl't-iv. 'U is a clerk in the city engineers office ; John \dams is nnn iger of the Bank of Ottawa at Carleton Plact- ; Chauniev \\'ard. jr., is clerk for the tirm of Bangs i^i: C;>. : Klizabeth Jane is niairied to Mi\ l)a\ir! (iar.lin'r, of Ottawa; Emma Smith to William B. (iardiner, of Brock- \ ille ; Lucy Burnham to Dr. Wm. Kloik, of ( )ttawa, and Mai'ia Louisa, the youngest, still resides with her ])arenls al the family residence. Mr. Bangs, though in his seventy-eighth year, is possessed of extraordinary vitality, and still attends to his extensive pr«){)erty and othei- in- terests with unabated vigour. Asa man of ex- alted chaiacter and most generous natuie, he is held in univer.sal esteem. JOHN ASKWTTH, Offinro. Out. 4 N old and much resjtected citizen of Ottawa xl is John .\skwith, who has l)een contin- uously a resident of thetity foi- over fifty vears. He was 1m»iii at (!reat < )sl)orne. Yorkshire, England. Jan. lO. lSl.5, his paients being John and Anna ( Haynor) Askwith, the former a na- tive of Yorkshire, a'ld the lattei- a native of Lincolnshire. ( )ur subject attended the national school in Y'ork until he was fourteen years of age, after which he .served an apj)renticeship of seven years at the ti-ade of a joiner. At the close of this period, being then just twenty-one years old, he decided on emigrating to the new world, and in due time landed in (Quebec. Thence he shortly after proceeded to Montreal, wheie he worked at his trade a cou])le of years. At the teiinination of that peii(Kl. namely. Sep- tend)er, IS.'Jo. he i*'nioved to Bytown and settled there permanently. This wa.4 shortly before the rel)ellion of 1S:57, and when the troul>les bioke out Mr. .Vskwith was among the first to volun- teer on the loyal side. He .served at Haniilt<»n under the late Sir Allan MacNab. and was with the troji)s oppo.sitt' Navy Lsla-.d when the Ciirolitii' was cut loose jind sent blazing o\er Niagara Falls. Sub.seipiently he enlist«'d in the Niagaia regiment of infantry, under Col. Kirliy. and sei'ved for a time at Fort Erie. In bs:5S he received his discharge and returned to Bv- town to resume his ordinaiy occupation, which he continued succe.ssfully until 1S7(;, when he withdrew fiom it and established himself as a money biokei-. in which \<>cation he is still en- gaged. During this jteriixl .Mr. Askwith gave fuithei- evidence of his patriotic zeal by joining the volunteers when the " Trent Affiiir " threat- ened our peaCvful relations with the I'nited States. While engaged at his tiade he did con- siderable work for the Public Works Dejiart- ment in connection with the fitting up of the Parliament buildings as well as in the erection of many other important edifices in Ottawa and the suirounding country. In public aflaiis he has never taken a prominent part, his chief ex- }>erience in this capacity being a three years term of sei'vice on the school board of \ew Edinbuigh i>rior to that niunicij)ality being in- corporated with the city of Ottawa. Mr. Ask- with joined the Independent Older of Odd- fellows some forty years ago, and is also a mem- ber of the Orange Order, in connection with which he was twice "lected W. .M. of New ^ ♦ ^ -*-•-< t JOHN ASKWITH, Ottawa, Ont. ii(i r V -•-■ 258 PROMINENT ^fEN OF CANA r>A. EdinJ)ur<;h losence of over forty years, returninif in 1S7"). In j^M)litics he is a Conservative, and was a stron;^; supiHM'ter of Sir John Macdonahl throujiiiout his career. \n ivlij(ion ho is an adherent of the Methodist chureli. In IS:?r», Mr. Askwith married Klizji- Ijeth, dau<;hter of the late Rol)ert En<;lish, of Ottawa, and lias issue eij^ht chihhen, of whom three sons and two daufihters aie livinj;. Of diese, John H and Thomas are contracbois ; Francis is a millwright : the ehlest dauj.diter is Mrs. Josiah Sherritr', of Michij^an ; wliile her sister is the wife of Matthew E.sdale, of New Etlinbui^h. Mr. Askwith, though in his 79th year, is still in vij^orous health and enjoys the rmutation of always having l)een a worthy man and an exemplary citizen. DANIEL 8TOREY, Ottdirn, Out. IN every district throughout the large and j pt)pulous province of Ontario there are to [ \ye found men of mark, persons, who in the IMflitical, connnercial, literary and industrial | walks of life, have acliieved distinction. In no ; section, howe\'er, is tliere to l)e found so many Canadians who, notwithstanding tlie difficulties tliat have attended their efforts, have contril lut- ed so largely to tlie jii-osperity of their respective l<»calities as are to he met with in the Ottawa valley. Those who have engaged in industiial pursuits, using and therehy enhancing the value of the natural I'esources of the countiy, ; are, it may Ix* claimed, entitled to notice equally i with those who have attracted attention through their official positions, or in consecjuence of the public offices they have held. A worthy repre- sentative of the industrial class of this com- munity is to l)e found in the gentleman whose name is at the head of this .sketch. He is essentially a self-made mjvn, and has acquired his experience ami made his ecord in the locali- ty in which he it present resides. Mr. Stoi"ey \ was born near Pluntagenet, in the county of : Pi-escott, in March, 18.")4. His father, William Storey, was a iiative of Scotland, and came tt» j Canada about 1M40. Shortly after his arrival he settlwl near Plantagenet and engaged in j agricultural pursuits. His wife. I )aniers mother, died when the latter was only four years of age, but his father is still living anil resides in the vicinity of Hal:. lurton. Daniel Storey attended the common school in his native county, and receive he went to Ottawa and pi-oceeded to leaiii the tiade which he hiul det<^rmined to follow, under the direction of George Newell, (me of the oldest established wimkI turners in the city. With him he lemained for tive yeai"s, until he had made himself master of all the practical details of the busine.ss and. having great natural aptitude foi' thi^ branch of mechanics, he attained great })ioticiency therein, lieing regarded then, as he is now, one of the liest woikmen in the distiict in his line. Ha\ - ing groundeil himself in the principles and practice of his trade, lie took a cour-se at the Nati build up. On leaving college he again went to woik at his ti'ade, which he continued until ISS'J, when he determined to start for himself. Renting a building on the Chaudiere, he began operations which gradually iucrea.set raiKf Older, and a s^'diiij; ailvdcate of its piiiuijtlt's, liavini; from liis youth up Ih'cii a total abstainer fioiii tlit' use of alcoho- lic stimulants. Tu politics, lie is an Tndcpeiul- cnt ; the character of the aspirant to otHce, as well as the principles he may advocate, l>einy this union there are fiiur childicn two lK)ys and two <;iils. In addition to his business investments, Mr. Storey is the owner of piivate propeities that are yeaily increasinj^ in value : and, althout im- pression u))on the material and moral life of the connuunity in which he lives. JOSEPH boydp:x, Ottinni. Onf. J OSEPH P.OYl)EN, one of the successful businessmen of the Dominiim capital, was Ixtrn in 1S40, at Almonte, Lanark county, On- tario. His parents were (Jilmour IJoyden and Ann (McLean), the former a nati\e of New York state, and the latter a native of Scotland. It was in the early part of the piesent century that Mrs. Hoyden, then but a child, came with her parents to this countiv, the family settlinj; in l>alhousie township, county of L,anark. (ril- ' i.iur Doyden, who was a farmei- by oecui>ation, came to Canada in 1S3.~), and tf Perth, atteni:ctioiieei'ing business. In this ]>osition he remained almut five years, and in IStWi em- barked in business in the general house-furnish- ing line. During the first year he was a mem- ber of the firm of Howe iV: Hoyden, his partner !)eing .\mos Howe, now a resident of Calgaiy, N.W.T. At the end of tlx- year, Mr. H.iyden witlidrew from the jtartnership and opened a stove in the s;ime line of business on Sussex- street, near the site of his present establishment. His enteiprise was at first a nxKlest one, but undei' his shrewd ye» i-ompetent management, his trade steadily iMcreased, ami it s(Min In'canie •ij)parent that he had a j)i'osperous career In'fore him. Tn 1H70, I.e erected the main building on Sussty-street, a connniKlious four-story struc- ture, wiiii 33 feet frontage. The whole pivmises now ha\e a depth <»f lO") fe«'t, with a frontage of IM) feet on Macken/ie-avenue. The business which Mr. Hoyden inaugur. teeing I William and Barbara (Baringer) Binkley, both I natives of Pennsyhania. The former came to Canada with his fathei- in ISOO. The old man joined the late Edward Peer in the pui'chase of a tract of !)00 acres of land, two-thirds of wliidi Viecame the projx'rty of the former, and on a portion of which, cl<»se to the town of Dundas, jiis desc<'ndants still live. The late William Binkley had a family of ten ihildren — five Ixiys \ t -^ 2()0 I'ROMINENT MEX OF CANADA. \ and live girls of whom two Ixiys and foin giils are still living. As a youth, Henry Binkley received for a time such schooling as was avail- able in the country distiicts in those days, and at an early age he had to take his share of work on the farm. On reaching his majority, he agreed with his father to work the farm on .shares, and this arrangement he continued for several years, v hen he purchased 'JOO acres of itfor .^•'),(>()0. This he augmented on the death of his father, in April, lsr)L>, hy purcha-sing the family homestead and outhuildings for .*.'?, .'inO, hy which he liecame jxt.s.sessoi- of 11" acres of excellent land, which he has since retained. While engaged in agricultural pui'suits he was always industiious and thrifty, and thus he reaped merited success. But while giving the recjuisiie amount of attention to his pi'ivate affaii-s, he, for a numl)ei' of years, tk a hearty interest in public matters. He was elected a councillor in his native township in If^oi), a.s well as in the following two years. He also served in that capacity during 1S7-") and 1876, Ijesides tilling the position of deputy reeve, doing gocxl service for his constituents. He has also been a justice of the peace for many years, and has fre(iuently .served on the bench in Dun- das and other places. In politics he is, like his ancestors, a staunch Reformer, and fro- gress. His stay in Paris being cut short by the Franco-German war, he returned to Canada in Decemljer, 1871, coming directly to Hamilton. On his arrival, he was in.stalled as organist in St. Mary's Roman Catholic Cathedral, which position he has tilled with the greatest jMissible credit to himself, and to the complete satisfac- tion of the mend)ers of the congregation. Tn the early part of 1890 he was appointed musical director of St. Mary's choir, entirely recon- structing it, and ultimately pl.'icing it on such a fcKfting that at the present time it is second to no other chui'ch choir in the pi'ovince. Mr. O'Briens nmsical talent and ability as a leadei- and instructor has I'mg l)een recognized as of a high order, and *! • justness of this estimate has l)een repeate uy attested by the successes he has achieved. He was a leading mem- l)er of th Hamilton Philharmonic Society while Mr. Torrington was conductor, and dui- ing one year he was vice-pre.sident. Since his return to Hamilton, in 1871, he has l)een constantly engaged in teaching, and the fact that he has numbered among his pupils some of the leading professional mu.sicians of Canada and the United States, speaks much in praise of his skill. In 1889, he established the Hamiltim College of Music, an outgrowth of the Hamil- ton Musical Institute, and under his dii-ector- ship it bus already attained a position in the front rank among the institutions of this class in the Dominion, its reputation for thorough- ness l)eing a marked feature. The faculty of the college is composed of highly accomplished musicians, all of whom are eminently (jualitied to give instruction in their special branches. *r DONALD J. O'BRIEN. Hamilton, Ont. i 262 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. such as the piano, organ, violin and orchestral instruments, cornet, and all otlier hrass instru- ments, voice culture, etc., while the grade sys- tem, which h;is l)eeii found t<» In* the most thorough method of imparting knowledge in musical as well as in other branches, is strictly adhered to. By virtue of his tine natural ability, high musical attainments .and eneigy of charac- ter, Mr. O'Brien is well titted for the p)sition of director of such a high-class institution, the annual concerts in connection with which have been distinguished by the rendeiing of the l)est amateui- programmes ever given in Hamilton. As a conductor, Mr. O'Brien has a high stand- ing, audit is worthy of note that at the enter- taiinnents given by the Hamilton minstrels (am- ateurs) in 1S90, he handled the chorus with mas- terly skill and effect — a chorus of male voices vhich was conceded to be the l)est ever got to- gether in Canada. As a j)erfoi'mer on the piano and oi-gan, he has time and again distinguished himself in various parts of the country, winning the highest praise for his exquisite taste and bril- liancy of execution. In public mattei-s outside of his profession, to which he is enthusiastic- ally devoted, he takes but little interest. In religion, he is a Roman Catholic. In 1879 (Aug. 5), he married Anna, daughter of the late Wm. Wellington Harris, a native of New York city, and for many years an extensive farmer in Nelson township, county of Halton. Person- ally, Mr. O'Brien is a gentleman of courteous and affable demeanour, and he is held in high regard by a large circle of friends, and esteemed by the public generally wherever he is known. HON. C. A. P. PELLETIEK, C.M.G., B.C.L., Q.C., P.C, Quehfr, Qiip. HON. CHA8. ALPH0N8E PANTALEON PELLETIER, C.M.G., B.C.L., Q.C., P.C. Senator of the Dominion, is the eldest son of the late J. M. Pelletier, a successful and highly respected merchant and farmer of Riviere Ouelle, Quebec; his mother, Julie Painchaud. havi.ng l)een a sister of Rev. C. F. Painchaud, the founder of 8t. Anne's College. Our subject was burn at Riviere Ouelle, on the 2'2nd of Jan- uary, 1S37. He first attended Ste. Anne's College and, having graduated, he entered Lsival University, where he entered upon a course of law. As a student he early manifested the (juickness of ap[)rehension and sound reasoning powers which, ccmibined with great energy, were subsecjuently U» lift him to a first place among tile pnmiinent m *n of Quebec. He graduated with the degree cf B.C.L. in 1858. He pur- sued his law sLudies in the office of Mr. L. G. Baillairge, Q.C., then rapidly making his way into piominence as an able lawyei-. In IHfiO, Mr. Pelletier was called ♦o the Iwir and entered into a jKirtnershij) with his former principal, a juirtneiship which has ever since continued. Mr. Pelletier sects were exceediiij^ly hrif^ht, and accordiii<;ly resijjned his place in the assembly. ^)iie pailiaiiieiit was svrticient to make for him a tine rej>utation, hut this was to l)e still further improved by his sul)seijuerit action. While in opjiosition he was much tle- peiided upon by his leader because of his threat piwer as a speaker in both French and En<;lish, and his intimate knowled<,'e <»f the French- Canadian people, and how to place the Lilteial |>olicy in the light most likely to attract their favour. When the change of administiation made him a (Joveriiment supportei', his talents were still valuabl". The waifai'e waged by the ()ppi>sition of that time was tierce and relentless, and the .savage attacks made upon the (iovern- ment could Ik? met oidy by men of coolness and al)ility in debate. Mr. Pelletier proved one of the al)lest champions of the (lovernment, and his fitness for a position in the cabinet was soon recognized. The opportunity to make his abili- ties more completely available than befoie came in 1(^77, on the retirement of IMi'. Letellier de 8t. Ju.st from the position of Minister of Agricul- ture to accej)t the Lieutenant-Goveinorship of Quebec. Mr. Pelletier was made Minister of Agriculture and was called to the Senate, whei-e he repic-ionted the (iovernment on behalf of the F'lench CanadiiUis, as Hon. R. W. Scott did the English-Canadians. As the head of a depjirt- ment, Mr. Pelletier gave to his duties the same energy and the same educated shrewdness that had marked everything he had undertaken. Tiie Department of Agriculture, Jis a rule, al- lows little scope foi- a display of brilliant talent, but it hap]>ened in this case that there arose the occasion for a man of special (jualitications. The great Universal E.Kposition of Pai-is in 187S ofiered Canada an oppoitunity such as is not often given, for making known to the people of the world, and especially tt> the peoi)le of F]urope, the chaiacter and resources of the country. Hon. Mr. Pelletier was aj>pointed by tlie Goveriunent, Canadian Coamii-ssioner to Paris, and in that capacity he t:ii>k the lead in organizing the Canadian section. The work was exceedingly onerous, but Mr. Pelletier threw into it his accustomed energy, and, as the contemporary connnents of impartial witnesses show, he achieved a distinct success. At the clt.'seof the Exposition lie I'eeeived an vutograph letter from the Prince of Wale \ who was the head of the British Paris Connnission, congratu- lating him and his department upon the ex- cellent showing Canada had made. The lettei- was accompanied by a large p..rtrait of the Prince. For his devotion to the interest of the country in this case, Mr. Pell.se estahlished hy his •grandfather. He has shown himself to l)e ad- mirahly fitted for his chosen walk in life. It is due maiidy to his success in business, as well as to the popularity he has won l)y the rectitude of his (lealiiiiTs with every one with whom he is brought into contact that he has <,'aiued his po- .siti<»n in public life. In 1801), he l»ecanie a member .)f his fathers firm, which in the previous year had founded the Dartmouth Hojie Woi'ks, for the manufactuie of shi})-rope and coT'dajie. The business also cai lied on was that of ship-owners and dealeis in ships' supplies -a business which, as opportunities pi-esented tVcnn tinre to tiirre, erdarjied. Mr-. John F. Stairs de- voted himself especially to the direction t)f the works, and under his careful and entei-pr-ising nranagemeirt the concer-n gr ew to be one of the gr-eatest industi-ies in the pi-ovince, eirri)loyiin,' about three hundred hands. Tn INDO, this insti- tution, with other-s, was merged in the Cf>n- sumers' Cordage Corrrpany, of which Mr. John F. Stair-s is the i)resident. The Dartmouth works ar'e still cair-ied on under the active di- rectioir of Mr-. Stairs' br-other*. Mr-. Stair-s has also invested capital in other business enter- prises, and has taken a more or less active part in their rrranagenrent. Among these is the Nova Scotia Steel it For-ge Conijiany, which has wor-ks in Pictou county, r-epr-esenting an invest- ment of about half a million dollar's. Of this concer-n, Mr. Stair-s is a dr.-ector-. He also holds a place on the l)oai'd of the New Gla,sgow Iron, Coal it Railway Company. This concern is one of the iirost inrportant of the gr-eai new enter- pr'ises of Nova Scotia. The capital stock is two millions of dollars. The C(»mpany first assured itself of a supply of or'e for- nrany year's by buy- ing up quietly valuable pr-operties along the East river, in Pictou county, as well as lime- stone (juarr'ies, whence comes the supply of fluxes, and also by ai'ranging with the pro- prietors of important coal measures for the necessar-y supply for the furrraces. These things accorirplishek a jironrinent ]>art in the r-eor-jfanization of tht- concer-n. Another- enterprise in which Ire has a c«»i:sidei-able irr- ter-('st, and whose afJairs he assists in dir-ct-ting. is the Anglo-I'iench Steanrship Comijany, whii-h runs a lirre of stearrrer-s froirr Ncjva Scotia to St. Pierr-e, Mi(juelon. and has a contract with the Fr-eny acclamation. In the gener-al election of 1887, he was again a can- didate. The cer of the conunittee on banking and cormner'ce, and of the committee on I'ailways, canals and telegi-aph line.s, and gives much attention to the discus- sions ill those committees, especially wlier'e they affect the local interests of the maritune pro- vinces. In 1870, Mr. Stairs marrietl Charlotte HB 4 26fi PROMINEyr MEN OF C AX A DA. .1., «laujj;hter of Ju(l<;(' Fu<{«», nf Pict<»u, who died in 1SS6. His fuiiiily consists of five children. Mr. Stairs is a member of the Fort Masst-y Presbyterian church. CAPTAIN CLAVELL F. FILLITER, Be11>'vin>', Out. nAPTATN CLAVELL F. FTLLTTER. PH-lle- \J ville, the subject of this sketch, was born at Thurlow, "ear Belleville, January ID, 1S47. His parents were (Jeorfje F'illitei-, a native of I )oi-setshire, Enjifland. and his niotliei', ^lary Anna 8isson, l)orn in Dublin, Ireland. The father, who came to Canada at an eariya,i,'e, was colonel of militia, and served through the rebel- lion of 1.S37 and liS;?f<, and died in June, ISNO. Captain Filliter was educated at I'pper Can.ida \Jolle<,'e, and at Bishop's Collejie, Lennoxville, and hf' also attended tl inilitary school at Kinjiston, where he took .second and tirst-cla.ss certificates. After leaviuij collejje he was aj)- I)ointed lieutenant in the Ari^yle liitht infantiy, and served with it at Prescott during tlye Fenian raid. Having become imbued with an anient military spirit, he went to England where he received private tuition, and passed a competitive examination at Chelsea, London, and was gazetted in 1871. In 1S71 (October 28th), when not yet twenty-five years of age, he was commi.«sioned as ens . 2nd W. I. I'egi- ment, and served with it Demeiara, P>ritish (iuiana, Africa and the >\est Indies. Ap- pointed by (ieneial Sir (iarnet Wolseley as special commissioner for laising native levies, A.shantee exj)edition, October S, 1S7.'? ; ap- pointed .statt'othcer to Colonel Sir Francis Fest- ing, K.C.:M.G., C.B., Noveml)er 3, 187;} : trans- port otficer to Rifle Biigade, January 1, 1871. He was pn»moted to lieutenant, October 28, 1873, and his commission ante-dated to Oc- tober 28, 1871. Acted as adjutant 2nd AV. I. regiment from Januaiy 29th to March 16, 1874, and was then gazetted adjutant : pro- moted to captain Septembei- 21, 1877, from which date he again acted a.s adjutant until June 12, 1878, when he was granted service leave to England for six months. February 19, 1879, exchanged to Royal Iimiskilling Fusi- liers, and on October 15, 1881, to 2nd Bedford- shire regiment. Sailed from England, Novem- l>er 18, 1881, to join regiment in iUirma : per- formed the duties of executive connnissariat orticer at Toungoo fiom July to Octol)er. ]88.'5 : t(M)k over the duties of adjutant Rangoon Vol- unteer Rifles, April IG, 188"), and sul>sequently gazetted adjutant Rangoon Vtilunteer Rifles, August 10, 188."). Ai)pointed assistant canton- ment magistrate of Rangoon, Septemljer 17, 188.'), and appointed tirst-cla.ss magistrate, with summary powers, t)ctober 4, 188(5. Cajitaii. Filliters war services were as follow : Sei ved throughout the Ashantee war, 1873-1874, as special connnissionei- foi- raising native levies ; start' officer to Colonel Sir F. Festing ; tiansjxirt ofticei' Rifle Brigade, and was present at the engagements at Escabio, ()ct, receiving a severe wound : at Assanchi, No\em- bei- ."5, 187.'? : at Anioaful, January '■), 1874 : at Becijuah, February 1, 1874, and received a meilal with clasji. Also served with the ISinina exjH'ditionary foice in 188."), in connuand of the Rangoon Mounted \'olunteers, escoiting King Thebawa to the steamer taking him to Rangoon after he was dethroned : was wounded, and again i-eceived a medal with clasp, and thanked by INlajor-Oeiu ral Sii- H. Prendcigast, V.C.. K.C.B., in divisional after orders dated Head- (juaitens, The Palace, Mandalay, Deeeml)er, 188."). In October. 1888. he left lUuina and went to England, wliere, in Decembei-, 1889, he was at his own ie(|uest. after a service of eighteen years, retired from the ai'my, receiving a gia tuity and permission to retain his ivink ami wear the presciibed uniform. Upon letiring from the army he was the recipient of con- gi'atulatevy letters from Sir Francis Festing, and others, which, togethei' with his medals, are high'y i)rized by him. In 188(). while OP. leave of absence, he travelled extensi\cly through India, the Malay Peninsula, and was aboard the fii'st steamer that sailed entirely around Australia. He has been through Aus- tralia, vi.siting all the pi'ominent places, and has also travelled in (Jeimany, France and l>ei gium. In 1890, Cajitain Filliter returned to America and went to Kansas to aid with his advice anil money the interests of an En;:!isli settlement at Runnymede, near Karper, ^\her(' he h:is becotne a lai'ge landowner and extensive dealer in grain, and is looked upon as the lead- ing man of the connnunity. He also has pro- perty in Canada. He is a member of tlie Ma- .sonic fraternity, having been made :i ^lason at Swanage, Doi'setshire, England, and belongs to various lodges uni'ei' the jurisdiction of tiie (rrand Lodge of England. Is a P.(t.S.\V. of Burma C rand Lodge; P.P.Z.Roval Arch Mason, Knight Tem])lar, Past Mark Master, P. M.W.S. Host. Croix Chapter, Knight of Malta, Pvoyal Ark Maiiner, and 'M) Mason. Captain I'illitrr is the recipient of a beautiful siher ])uncii-bowl. presented to him by the menil)eiN of tiic Ran- goon (iymkhana Club, of which he was honour ary secretaiy for ovei' four years. The captain is an ardent lover of outdoor sports, an enthus- iastic yachtsman, and the jxtssessor of a mmv complete and \aluable sportsman's outfit. He is a broad-minded and charitable gentleman, a brilliant c(i:,\t'i'sationalist, and, pos.sessing a fund of knowledire learned during his extended - 4 CAPTAIN CLAVELL F. FILLITER, Belleville, Ont. ■♦••. 2r>8 PROMINENT .)f£N OF CANADA. travels, inakt*s a very a<;reeal)le companion of a nicKlest and retirinj^ flisp<»sition. In jx)litics, he is and always has In-en a stron<; Conservative, and an adlieient of tiie Church of En<,'iaud. WILLIAM DOR AN, Hamilton, Out. WILLIAM DOR AN, the subject of this T T sketch, is a native Canadian, liaviuf^ l)een Iwrn at (Iriinshy, county of Lincoln, on the l.'?th Xovenil)er, 1S34. Some sixteen yeais l)efore, liis parents Sylvester Doran and his wife, Eliza heth, ut'p Doyle — both of the county Cailow, Ire- land, came to Canada and settled at (iiimsby, and in liS2S they purchased a farm near that vil- age. As vouni' William iirew ui) he attended tirst the public school in his section, and afterwards the (irimsby )ne of tho aldermen for No. •") ward. In ISSS^ he was elected mayor, and to the same position he was re-elected by acclama- tion in the following year. During iiis term of office, as chief magistrate of Hamilton, the liusi- ness of tlif city was well carried on. In ISS.s he laid tlie corner stone of the new city hall, wliich he opeiietl in ISSi). He was also asso- ciated with Senator Sanford and the late Senator Turner as a dej)utation to wait upon tiie (iov eruor-Ceneral at Ottawa to invite him to open the famous art expositiim in aid of the Hamil- ton Art School, a ceremony which His Excel- lency perfi.rmed witli great inipressiveness. On account of his official position, Mayor Doran was naturally a leading figure in connection with the great xumnier carnival of b'^.'*''.*. and as chairman of the citizens' committee he worked energetically to make that demonstration v success. In lSi>0 he was appointed .liistice o.' the Peace. AsajHiblic servant, Mr. Doran wcm golden opinions ; in all his business relations he has l)een distinguished as an honourable and square- ville, by whom he has iiad six children, ffve of wiiom — two boys and three girls — are still livini*. ROBERT EVANS, IfiiniUtitn, Onf. IN business and commercial circles generally, and in an especial degree among tlie agri- cultural community throughout the Dominion, the gentleman whose name apjiears above is well and honourably known. Roljert Evans was born in Dublin, Ireland, on June 18, 1843, his parents, Richard and Mary Ann (Hation) Evans, being natives of the same city. In 1847 the family emigrated to CaiiJida and settled in Toronto, where shortly aftt rwards the mother died. In the following year the renin inder of the family removed to Hamilton, where Mr. Evans, sr., established himself in his a\'ocation as a jn'otVssional gardeiiei', which lie followed for a. number of years in that city. About the year \^('\) he removed to the Wi'st- ern States, under the inijuession that that region offered a better ffeld for his labours. But !i comparatively brief resiiU'iice in Uncle Sams territory was sufficient to satisfy him, and his love for British institutions was so strong that he soon rf^turn-d to Canada, this time settling in London, where he remained until he died. March 121, 188."). Meantime, young l{o))ert. wlio had been attending the central school in Hamilton, and at which he receixed a good }>i'actical education, began at the age of twelve to learn the seed business, that occupation being the one most congenial to his youthful tastes. For fifteen \<\\vs he laboured assiduously, perfecting himself in all the details of the tratle, and then, in 1 870, he commenced business for himself, founding the well-known firm of Itobert E\ans iV: Co., in tlu' {)reinises which he has occupied continuously from that time until the jiresent. Mr. Evans started with a moderatf^ capital and in a modest way, but he was jtossessed of the pluck, energy and ability necessaiy to command success. His tra le has since graduall\ ex})anded until if has reached <^he position whith it liolds to-day- one of the best of its kind in Canada. .\ large ■r ROBERT EVANS, Hamilton, Ont. I -^•< •270 PJiOMIXEXT MEN OF CANADA. sejipott ti!i(U' ill fluvfis and i;iass seeds is car- ried oil witli the luntliei' country, France and (jrermany, as also a j^eneral trade with tlie Uni- ted States. Mr. Kvi^ns has always heeii known as a useful citize;i of Hainilton, one who is e\er ready to lend his aid and encouragement to any project cjt'.culated to iienetit the com innnity. Naturally he has a stronjj; interest in aj^ricultuial att'airs, and for many years he was one of the active workers in th«» yieat Central Fair Association, in wliich at different times lie held the offices of treasurer and jtiesiih'iit, and his indefati<;ahie exertions have c:)ntiil>uted materially to the success of theexliihitions under its auspices. He has also l>e;Mi a liheral sup- jiitrter of the township societies, liMtkinj; upon them as feeders t:) t!ie lari;er societies, iind IV vi'' has not been able to maintain active cfmneetiou with aunicipal affairs. F<»r the same reasons he has not been much of a " soldierinji " man, but in years j^oiie by he was an active member of the l.'Uli Battalion, joining it at the time of the Trent affair. During the Fenian Raid in ISfiG, he was at Ridgeway with the re^tiiiieiit as color-sergeant of No. () com- pany, serving under Cajitain (afterward Lieut.- Coloiiel) Trviiig. Shortly aftejwards. 'Slv. Evans retired from the volunteer force. Politically, Mr. Evans is a staunch Cmservative, and has, until (juite recently, taken an active j)art in party contests. In bene\(ilent societies, he has occupied a somewhat prominent place. He belongs to the Mas;iiiic Oi'd.M', a.id is a meiuber of St. John's Chapter, R. A. M. He was one of the pioneei's of the Tnd^]iendent Order of Oddfellows in Hamilton, passed through the chaii's in ji suljordinate lodge, and also tilled tlie otlice of Grand Cliief Patriarcli of the Grand Encanipn'Piit of Ontario. He was a charter member of Hamilton Lodge, No. 49, A.O.U.NN'., and was the first master workman of that lodge. He also established Regiiia Council of the Royal Arcanum, of wiiich he was a charter memb;>r and tlie first regent. Of late years, however, for i)Usiiiess reasons, he has not been able to give much time to society matters. In religion, he is a member of the Presbyterian Chuivh. On September lo, ]8G9, Mr.' Evans married Agnes Mary, a member of a well- known and highly respected family in the township of Beverly. Her father, John Valens, was one of the pioneers of the section of the country in which he lives, and for many yfU-i"'* carried on an extensive lumbering business. W hen he liecame a settler in the region he was obliged to chop his way tiirough tli(> bush, a distance of four miles, to his own lot. Ht' has always l)een known as an honest and trust- worthy man, and during his long resilience in P»everlv has done much to further the interests of the community. The old gentleman is still hale and hearty at the age of eighty-two years. In private life, Mr. and Mrs. Evans have hosts of friends, among whom they are held in the highest esteem. ROBERT LOTTRIDGE. Ilinniltiin, Oitt. \M()N(i the names of the pioneer settlers of a century ago in Western Canada, that of the Lottridge family bears a high and honour- able [ilace. Of this family the oldest living representative is Robert Lottridge, of Haiiiii- ;on, now in his eighty-fourth year. A sketch of Mr. Lotti'idge s career, as well as that of his family, cannot but be of special interest to Can- adians. A hundred years ago his ancestors, who had come from the old country, lived near Little Falls, in New York stiite, and tiiey were among those who, during the Re\'olutioii- ary War, stood by the king. Later on they, with the other V. E. latiiotie spirit which (listiii<,'uishe(l liis t'iuiier and yrand t'atlier, and wlien his turn came, in the reln'ilion of 18.'}7, lie was anions the first t<> rally to the aid of the <,'o\ernment, anil with othei-s marched to Chi}>j>ewa to ti;,'ht the leU'ls. As it hap- pened, however, there wjis no tiyhtini,' to In- done, the insur<,'eiits havinj^ deserted Navy Island l)efore the Hamilton continiient arrived on the scene. Mr. Ijers in the relH'llion days, and still sjK'aks of in the kindest terms, are the late Sir AHan MacNah, Alexander llrown, of Kast FlandM)ro" : Cajttain Fiehls whose descendants live near \Vat»'rdown. U'sides the l'\)sters, the (JritHns, the Sprinj^ers and other families. In Mr. Lottridcame estahlished in the grocery trade in Hamilton, under the tirm name of J. W. Lottridge iC- Co. Some years later, John W. and George died, and eventually Wm. >r. confined himself to the wholesiile trade ; while James ^F. l)ecame the head of the retail fiiin of J. M. Lottiidge iV: Co. Until alnrnt twenty-five years ago the father of tlie family continued in husiness, when he retired, and during the past ten years he has lived in Hamilton. In politics Mr. Lottridge has, from his youth, l)een an unswerving supporter of the Conservative }»avty, in whose battles Ix' has taken a leading part for the past sixty years in the counties comprising the old Gore district. His reminiscences of the time when he was accustomed to hitch up his team and drive voters from loyal <»ld Carlisle, in NVentwoi-th. all tlu- way to Palermo, in Halt(»n county, are of a very interesting chaiacter, and so also are his recolleiiions of such men as William Chis holm, Caleb Hopkins, Sir Allan MacXah, and other leading jMiliticians of their day. In reli- gion, Mr. I^ittridge is a Protestant. From his chiIdhoout the latter, though a young man, was e([ual to the resjionsibility cast ujxtn him, and under his skilful direction the business has grown steadily until now it is one of the most extensive outside of Toronto in the whole Prov- ince. For a time Mr. Lottridge had the late RolnMt (irant associated with him as a partner, and on the death of the latter, in June, 1877, he assumed the entire control, whicli he retain- ed until 1882, when he admitted as partners •lolni H. Cunnner, W. L. Cummer (his nephews), J. I). Evans and T. W. (Jrant, son of the late P. (Jrant all of whom are still connected with tlie Vjusiness. For a numl)er of years tlie old (•rant farm, of 1().~) acres, one of the finest in the Hamilton region, was carried per acre. For years he took an active part in the aflairs of the great Central Fair Association, in wliich he for a time tilled the oftice of President. For many years, also, he was President of the ()ntan London, and entered upon the study of the law, but this after a time he abiindoned, and came to seek his fortune in Canada. Like many otheis who emigiated from the old land in those days, he sought a home in the western j)art of tlie province, finally settling in Westminster, where he secured a grant of land and tfM)k to faiining. It was shortly after this that he met and married Miss Pegh'r, and the result of their union was a family of twelve children, eight sons and four daughters, all of whom are still living, the subject of our sketch l)eing the eldest of the sons, lieceiving his primary education in the institutions of his nati\e townshij), the youth, who has since won such high distinction in the pro\ince, was sent to the London (Jrannnar School, where he re- mained for some years undi-r the tuition of that famous educationist, tlie late Hev. Benjamin Bayle}'. After leaving school, he conn)ienced the study of law in the ofKce of the late Thomas Scatcherd, of London, a gentleman well known not only as a leading mein1)er of his professif)n, but as a prominent politician, he having sat in the old parliament of Canada for a number of years prior to ciiiifederation, as well as at a later date in the Dominion House of Commons. Fr )in the outset young Meredith was an enthusiastic and hard-working student, and ere long those who watched his career saw that he had ji biil- liant future Iwfore him. In l8r)9 he entered Toronto Univ. rsity, where he distinguished him- self by carrying off a scholarship in law at his matriculation examination. During the remain- der of his university course he made rapid j)ro- gress, and in 1801 was called to the liai-. Re- turning to London, he once more entered the office of Mr. Scatcherd ; this time, however, as a partner, and the connection thus f((rmed was maintained until the death of the latter gentle- man, in 187(5 Long before this, howevei', ]\Ir. Meredith had climWd to a leading position in MrHUU,. W. R. MEREDITH, Q.C., M.P.P., Toronto Ont. ■*-••« t' 276 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. his profession, uiul the death of liis partner ■,'Jive iulditioiiiil scoj)e foi- the (hnelopnicnt of his tulents ; his piactice f;rf w steiulily, and iM'canie more remunerative. Thou<;h his stvdeiit days were nominally past, lie was still the most eain- est of students, and the thoiouj^h taie whic-h he l)estowed on eases entrusted to him no douht foMtiihuted to the success he achieved. To this has to l)e added the fact that he is jMis.sessed of tine natural ahilitie.s, as shown l»y his j>ractice in Ixith the ci\il and eiiminal couits, that he is an eliKiuent and |M)werful pleadei', and withal a man of singularly upiij^ht and honourahle ciia- racter. Hence it is that Mr. \V. U. Meredith has attained high lank as one of the foremost legal practitioners in Ontario. In N'!veml>er, IJ^SS, „n the death of W. A. Foster, Q.C, of the tirm of Fostei', Clarke it Bowes. Mr. Meredith came toToi( mto to assume the premier position in the tirm of Meredith, Bowes iC' Hilton, with which he is still connected. As an evidence of his i)opularity annuig his fellow pi-ofessionals, there is strong testimony in the fact that he has been a l»encher of the Law Society ever since the elective system was inaugurated in 1S70, and that on three occasions he I'eceived the highest vote cast for any memhei- of the profes- si(m ; in the electicm of \H\)\ he was no less than 133 votes ahead of the next candidate elected. In March, 187(5, he was ap]»ointed Q.C. l>y the Ontaiio Government, and he receiv- ed a like honour from the Dominiei-, 1.S80. On the 27th May, 1899, the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by the University of Toronto, of the senate of which he is a prominent member. ^Ir. Meredith has always paid special attention to municipal la"-, on which lie is an ackjiowledged auth(»rity. The Ontai'io Government recognized his talents in this bi'anch of the pi'ofession by ai)j)ointing him honorary lectuier of the Law Faculty of' the Univei'sity of Toronto. For the same rea- son, n.amely, his knowledge of municipal law, he was ajtjxiinted city solicitor of London, on the death of the late Mr. Scatcheicl, a position which he still holds. He has long been promi- nently identitied with the i]uestion of reforsn in legal education, and on many occasions he has urged certsiin changes in the interest of students, such as the establishment of county law libraries, the decentralizing of legal instruc- tion, etc., a couise of action which is gratefully remembered by law students all over the ]>ro- vince. He has also tlone especially good work in the Middlesex Law As.sociati(»n, of which he has Iteen pi-esident contiimously since its oi'gan- ization, ten years ag(t. Mi'. Meien for which his unblemished cha- racter and great ability render him eminently fit. Hitherto, li.)wever. he has declined all overtures in that direct! >n, partly, no doulit, on account of the position he occujties as leader of his partyin the Legislative Assembly, and partly, jierhaps, l)ecause he looks one day to transfer himself to the Hctuse of Commons at Ottawa, wi ere he is more than likely to enter the l)o- minion Cabinet. Mr. Merediths politic. .1 career has extended over many years, and it has not been less distinguished nor less honourable than his career in law. In 1872 on the abolition of dual representation, Hon. John Calling, who had represented London both in the House (tf Commons and the Assembly, ek-cted to sit tor the former. Mr. Meredith was chosen to suc- ceed him in the latter, and at every general election .since he has l)een re-electearty. In this respect he has given evidence of his fairmindedness and tolerance of >pinion ; and during the manv vears he has been in the le;. THOS. H. M(KK\ZTK, J/itiui/fini, Onf. OX the -IMd ropelieis from (^ucIh'c also en- gaged loading pnxluce for tiiose [xtrts. A large schiMdier, built at Dundas, aiul owned by the late Jas. Coleman, used to make two trips annually to Queliec and Halifax, U-aiing the priKhn t' of the western country to those ports, wliile a large numlH-r of teams found constant eiii[>loyment conveying lumber, timber, shingles and otiier pixniucts for shipment to tlifferent parts of the country, and to Oswego, in the United States. In 1S77, he set out on a business trip to South Africa, anil on his return in the follector of weights and measures foi- the Ham- ilton division, a jxjsition he still Holds. Though largely engaged for many years in business, Mr. McKenzie was a leading and useful man in j-ub- lic life. For four years he seived as councillor, and for three years more he tilled the otiice of mayor. As a defender of his country he was not larking, and his military ardour and alac- rity made it })lain that the gels on Navy Island, and was also v.itness of the burning "Caroline " j)assing down the rapids and over the falls, after l)eing cut out and tired l)y the loyalist forces. On March ofh, 1S:}S, he was in the engagement at Point Pelee, fighting on the ice with the thermometer 10 de- grees below zero, and on which occasion the reliels, whom Mr. McKenzie describes as '' tin dirtiest lot of blackguards " he ever saw, were totally routed. From the Ninth (!ore he was transferred to organize tiie Fourth Wentwoilh regiment, of which he was appointeil major, the late Dr. Hamilton being lieutenant-colonel. On the decease of the latter Mr. McKenzie was pinmioted to the command of the regiment, and subsecjuently, after the long })eiiod of fifty- eight years service, he was permitted to retire. retaining his rank. In jxilitics, Mr. McKenzie was always a jironouiu-e^«^ Hi PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. of the cause in North Went worth. At the electi(»n in IHG."}, he was the party candidate in o})|M)sition to tlie late William Notnian, but WtOs defeatwl. He w.-is a charter nieni- lier and tii"st nol)l(» <,'rand in the I.O.f).F. ItKlj^e, orjjanized in i)undas, in 1S4-"); was the first •,'rand master of the order in Upper Canada and is still connected with it. He joined the St. Andivws society in tlie same town in 1S40, and is at present, and has for many years been, president nf that body. In religion, he is a Protestant, having since 1842 l)een one ()f the managers of Knox Picsby- terian chnrch, and during many yeais chairman of the Ixtard. In 1840, he married Dinah Sydney Smith, an English lady, daughter of the late Dr. Sydney Smith, of Toronto. The result of the union was a family of eight children, of wh(mi only four (daughters) are living. Mr. McKenzie's career has throughout l)een dis- tinguished by steadfast honesty of purpose, strict integrity of character, a kindly regard for the feelings of othei's, and a whole-souled generosity of nature. Though he has seen four- score yeaj's, he is still a man of wonderful vigour. He enjoys the esteem of the public, and lives surrounded by many devotetl friends. ROBERV MfKECHNIE, DnndAtu, Out. THE subject of this sketch hsis been known for many years as oiie of the leatling manufac- turei"s in the Dominion, and as one who has dis- tinguished himself in many useful ways in con- nection with the public affairs of the country. Robert McKechnie was born in (ilasgow, Scot- land, June 16th, IS.'ii"), his parents being Roliert and Margai-et (Waters) McKechnie. The family, whici'> consisted of three boys and two gii'ls, and of whom Robert is the only survivoi-, came to Canada in 184."}, and settled in Dundas. As a youth, Mr. McKechnie received his education under the late Hon. Robert Spence, and at the age of twelve he proceeded to learn the trade of a pattern maker, in the old Gartshore foundry. After leaving this establishment, he cnmmenced business for himself on a modest s<;ale, with a full determination to nitake his way in the world, if energy and perseverance could accomplisli that end. After the lapse of two years he took John Berti-am into partnership, foi-ming the afterwards famous Mrm of McKechnie i^i: Bert- ram, in tlie enterprise known as the Canada Tool Works. Through vaiious ditliculties, the young firm struggled bravely, always keeping in view the aim of manufacturing and suj)plying the l>est quality of machinery in theii- line. In time their est.il)lishment grew to large propor- tions, ami l)ecame known as one of the foremost of its kind in the Dominion. The business was caii'ied on successfully until I88t), during wli-.-h peritwl Mr. McKechnie acquired a handsome com{>etence, and in the year named he retii-ed into private life. While actively eiigagefl in business, Mr. McKechnie was always a pi'omin ant man in outside matters affecting the public welfare. For many yeai"s he wiis a leading Hgure in jnilitical circ'-^s. He was for a yeai- vice-president of the Dominion Board of Tiade, and was president of the Canadian Manufactureis' Association. His interest in local affaiis, aided by his al)ility, led to his l)eing singled out as a leading representative of the jwople. He was for a long period meml)er of the Dundas School Board, and presitlent of the Mechanics' Insti- tute, to which latter organization he was a most lil)eral contributor. For seven years he was reeve of the town and memlier of the countv council, and for three years he served as mayoi-, in all cji-ses his services l)eing most valuable to his constituents. In politics, he is a stiiunch Lil)eral-Conservative, and an active worker in political contests. He is a Mrm supporter of the policy of protection to native industiy, and one of those who assisted, in 1878, in the inaugura- tion of the National Policy. Prior to that, in 1872, he was chosen as the candidate of his party for the representsition of North Went- worth, l)ut was defeated. He was also the can- didate in 1882, and again suffered defeat, but this time only by the narow majority of two votes. In society matters, he is a meml)er of the Masonic order, belongs to St. John's Chap- ter, R.A.M., and is a 17th degree man in the A. it A. S. Rite, being connected with Hamil- ton Rose Croix Chapter. He is also member of the St. Andrew's Benevolent Society, of Dun- das. Mr. McKechnie hiis done considei-able tivivelling, both in coimection with business and for })leasure. He has visited many portions of the United States, besides crossing the oc«'an several times, anf this marriage was t' w c.iildren, eight of whom are living. On June ")th, 188.'5, he married Elizabeth, daughter of the latf William King, of Mntry, Stii ling- shire, Sr ., \d, the result of their union being two chiK . ■' one of whom is still living. In his business career, Mr. McKechnie has always Ixtrne a high rejiutation for integrity and straightforwardness, his word l>eing as gocKl as his bond. In ))rivate life he is esteemed i»y all classes of the community. .L ROBERT McKECHNlE, DUNDAS, ONT. !- -^•-« 280 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. ALPHOXSE DES.JARDINtS, M. P. Ml nit real, Qnf. TO ,i,'iv«> in little space ronanciamento «)r platform, jirepared by ^1. Desjai'dins and others upon which it was hoped the several sec- tions of the Conservative party, then carrying on an internecine strife, miglit agree. The platfoi m was not accepted, but it was widely and wannly discussed, not only by Consei Victives, to whose attention it was particularly commended, but hy Lilierals as well. Its pro]tosals were cle(>i'- cut, and the w.yy in which they were presented showed the intense earnestness of the authors. Its basis was the l)elief that I'eligion nuist be the life of a state which hopes to live and pros- \\e\: In 1872, M. Desjardins liecame editor of />>' Nouvini'^Montl''. On this newspaper the earnest young journalist found even greater opportunity than ever to impress his individu- ality upon the events of his time. The yeai-s which had passed since the tirst ijuariels among the Con.servatives, had widened instead of clos- ing the breaches in the ranks. To the task of uniting the men of his party 31. Desjardins addressed himself with greater ardour than l)efore, and also with greater success. In 1S74 he wa.s called upon to enter Parliament, and was elected by acclamation for liis present con- stituency, which he has since continued to lepiesent. Tn j)arliament he found no lack of work. The Conservatives were in opj)osition, the cry of corruption raised over the Pacific Scandal having stampeded their followers in many counties. The Mackenzie administra- tion, which the Libeials haci put in office, found itself confronted with the question of how to deal with Louis Riel and others who had taken part in the Red River Rebellion of lS(V.I-70. Tlie air was filled with rumours, and parliament was the scene of intense excitement. Promin- ent among those who pleaded for amnesty for the misguided Metis leaders, was the new meni- l)er for Hochelaga. The representations madi" by him and others had the effect of mitigating in large measure the punishment inflicted upon Riel and his lieutenant Lepine. Hardly had this question been settled, however, when another, engendering much the same feeling and causing mucli the same division of parties, occurred. This was the New Brunswick school (juestion which, as will l)e remembered, arose out of the provincial law of New Brunswick al)olishing separate scho<»ls. In this contest the leader was Mr. (now Hon.) John Costigan. of New Brunswick, but prominent among those who fought the (piestion out by his side was M. Desjaidins. Throughout that i>arliament, fiom 1S74 to 1S7S, the Consei'vatives carried on the fieicest and most strategic jiarliamentary wai- that has ever been waged against a government in Canada. Among the men who led the assault upon the Liberal position theie was no lM>tter fighter than the earnest and devoted young member for Hochelaga. He assisted in heaping ridicule upon the Ijiberal (iovernments Canadian Pacific Railway policy: he denounced their failuiv to propose measures to meet the hai'd times which then prevailed ; and he ably and elo(|uently advocated the National Policy, which embo(iied the Conservative idea of how then existing evils should be met. He spoke generally in French, and with fine effect, but he ])roved himself able t'. hold the attention of the House and to win cordial applause when he r ♦♦' PROMIiVEXT MEN OF CANADA. 2H1 spoke ill Enj^lish as well. Through all his strong political campaigning he succeedetl in keeping the personal esteem of his opjxHients. No man among the Conservatives can give nioi"e instances of the strong })ersonal regaitl subsisting hetween himself and the lejuling men on the other side of politics. With the election of IS?)^, and the leturn of the Conseivatives to power in the Dominion, M. De.sjardins found that a l)eltei' era for his party had dawned. The need for the heavy fighting which he had carried on passed away. Tn Septemher. 1S79, he retired from journalism to devote himself to business and finance, in connection with which he alrej'.'ly had considerable interests. Here naturally In'gins another record of services i-entlered to the public, not oidy in a represen- tative capacity for the benefit of his own constituents, but with a view tt the public goinl. Though M. I)e?;jai'dins' whoU life proves his intense sympathy with the l)est aspirations of his own people, the French-Canadians, he owes his success in political life as well as in l)usiness to a <|uality which is more often found among Anglo-Saxons. Though lie hsus the im- pnssibleness and the surnir fniri' of the Fi'ench- man, he combines with these excellent qualities that which brings success perseverance. No business man in Montreal is better known, nor is there one who shows gi-eater enterprise. He is prcmiinently connected with more incorjxir- ated companies than is perhaps any other man in tlie great metiojxtlitan centre of the Dominion. When the French jiromotei's <»f a Canadian beetroot sugar industry projected theii' inter- prise, one of the men uiM»n whom the\ most relied was M. Desj.ardins. He actively fur- thered the enterprise and continued to support it, e\en when others wei'e daunted by failure. Though the industry was for the time given up, M. Desjardins" faith in its ultimate success has convinceil him that the opposing obstacles in the way are such as time and effort will over- come, and he Ittoks forward to the period when beet culture and the nianufactui'e of sugar from it will be a great Canadian industry. In 1S74, wlieii hard times pressed many important insti- tutions into liankruptcy, the iiaiupie .lacques Cartier suttered severely. M. Desjaidins took hold of its affairs when at a low ebb; he became its pi-esident ; and by haid work and shi-ewd direction pulled it through the crisis. He still remains at the head of the concei'n, which owes its strength largely to his courage and wisdom, in ISSi' he was elected president of Li' Credit Foncier du Has Canada. This company has ceased to exist, giving place U. the more impuitaiit loan association, Le Credit Foncier Franco-Canadi;ui, which has its branches tlirough!• interests of the French-Canadian people, of whom he consideis himself a rejiresen- tative. M. Desjardins also lenders the House valuable service as a memlier of the Debates Committee, he having succeeded the late la- mented Hon. Thos. Wliite as president .since the latters death, his intimate knowledge of jouinal- istic work, to which the "ifticiai re|H)rting of the debates is allied, making him an expert in the affairs of which the committee has control. Though M. Desjardins has been identified as a representative of the ])eoj)le, more particularly with Dominion politics, a word may l»e said as to his position in the affairs of his native province. He has, of course, always taken a deep interest in local politics. As a journalist, some <)f his liest work was done in sup|Mirt of the Conservative cause in this regard. He has also on the public jilatform strongly acKocated his party's jiolicy in Pro\ incial affairs. He shares the apprehension felt iiy his political friends at the increase of the public debt and the annual expenditure which it entails. As a busine.ss man deeply interested in the develoji- nient of business interests, and seeing in tho.se the sound basis of future piogress. he de[)recates the tendency to the centralization of power in the hands of the tiovcrnment, and also the teiul- ency to meet the increasesion Kacey. a descendant of the Haceys of Bath, Enjiland. was born at Prospect Hill, on the Hudson liver, her parents havini^ emi- lirated to Ameiica alniut the year IS]."). Miles OK;-illy. (^.C, i)etter known as .J ud.i,'e O'Reilly, wasbtrnat Drummondville, near Niagara i-'alls, May ISth, IW;;. He r<'c:'ived his early edu- cation at the Niai^ara <.'rammar scIkmiI an(' sul)S!Mjuently studied law with the late John IJr.-akenbiidire. of Xiayara. and with the late Uo!)eit Baldwin, of Toronto. He was called ti> the l>ar in ll^.SO. and for some y«*ars before his death was the oldest }iractisinf,' barrister in Ontario. His jirofessional career was a lony and honourable one : moreoxei-, it was hi,i,'hly succ.'ssful from a j)rofessional point of \iew, owiiij^ to his e.xtensive knowledge of the law, his biilliant talents, and his hii,'li peisonal char- act.'i-. In the Mackenzie rebellion era he i;reatly distiniiuished himself, after havinu s;Mved faith- fully as one of Sir Allaii .McNabs "Men of Gore, ' by his masterly defence <»f the 10(1 |>ris- oners who were confined in Hamilton jail on a charge of hiixh treason. At the close of the cas,', C'liief Justice Macaulay. before whom the prisoners were tried, complimented him in hi was ajipointed C^. C, and in 1<*^71 Master ill Chancery. \n iSStJ, on the fiftieth anniversary c»f his call to the Rar, the leyal profession of Weiitwoith presented him with a liandsoiiie service of plate and an address expres- sise of their respect and esteem. His death, which <»ccurred. as we have said, in 1890, was sincerely rejiretted by the whole community in which he had lived so lonj; and held so promiiieiit a]>ositise(|uently he went to Paris, where he was clinical clerk under the celebrated Ricord, the greatest man of tlie a^e in his sj»ecialty. On his return from EuroiM- he entered a law piirt- nership with his father and Mr. Joseph J. Cur- ran, the firm name b«'in<; O'lieilly, Curran iV' O'Reilly. After practisinii twenty years he was appointed Master in Chancery at Hamil- ton, which position he still retains, he is also Dejiuty Heu'istrar of the chancery division, and a Refei'ee of Titles. In public afl'airs, Mr. OReilly took an active ])art for a numberof years. In ISIi.") he was elected alderman for old St. Patricks ward, and he continued to serve in tlu' council until the end of 1S77. Durinj,' the year iSCiK he was elected mayor of Hamilton by his colleagues in the council. He declined re-election in 1S7S, but in the ftillow- iiiir year he was aiiain elected mayor, this time by the j)opular \ote; he was re-elei-ted in ISStl and ISSl. .\ staunch Coiiser\ati\(' in politics, he was chosen as the jiarty candidate for the ( )ntario Leuislature in IStJV. but was defeated by the late J. M. Williams. In lf<7."> he ran for the Dominion parliament, but was aj,'aiii defeated. For several years he also took an active interest in military matters. In ! '^(iU he was made i*aptain of No. 1 volunteer com- pany, and became major of the l.'Uli, when that battalion was organized, in lS(i."5. He was the first offic-r in Hamilton who obtained .i first- class militaiv sdiool certificate at the period, under I.,ord .Alexander Russell. He remained in '•oimection witii the \'M\\ until ISC)."*, wl;en he retired. retiiieinLT his rank, and as "Major' O' IJ.'iiiv he has since that time iieen best known. Always a public-spirited citizen, Mr. O'Heilly was never lauyina in the supi)ori of any enter- prise desiirned to benefit his native city : he was amonjf the active promoters of the schemes for -■ MAJOR J. E. O'REILLY, Hamilton, Ont. PROM^XENT MEN OF CANADA. the construction of the WelHngton, (Jrey it Bruce, Hamilton \- Ljike Erie, and Hanulton \' North-Western Railways. He was also chair- man of the Iniildinji committee, under which the jtiesent court house wi.s erected, and letit lua- teiial aid in providing,' a suitahle Innldinj;. In the year ISS'J Mr. O'Heilly was apjjointed by the city council its representative on the free library Intard, and in the year lf<90 was elected chairman of t!ie IxKird, of which he still continues a mem- l)er. He joined the Masonic Order alniut thirty years ago, is a niemlH>r of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and of the Royal Tem{)lars of Temperance, and was one of the oiij^inal or- ganizers of the Irish Protestant Benevolent (Society in Hamilton. In religion he is a Pio- testant and a meml)er of the Church or Eng- land. On Sept. 4th, 1862, Mr. ( )Heilly mariied Emilia Sophia Dundas Maiiigay, a lineal de- scendant of the Bruce family, so renowned in Scottish histoiy, and has issue seven children six daughters and one son — all of whom are liv- ing. In his public and official career, as well a in private life, Mr. O'Reillys course has l)een singulaj-ly free from rej)ii>acli, and there aie few who piKsse.ss in a higher degree the confidence and esteem of the people. DAVID McLELLAN, Iftiitilffini, Out. IN the pages of Canadian biography the name of David McL<'llaii, of the city of Hamil- ton, is for niiuiy reasons well worthy a place, and a sketch of his caieei', however biiet', can- n<»t but l»e of es{)ecial interest to Canadians. David McTjcllan was Immii in Toi-onto, Jan. 1 1th, 1S41. His father, Malcolm McLellan, was Imm-u in Islay. Argyleshire, Scotland, and his mother, whose maiden nam(» was Agnes Bennett, was also a native of the " land o" the heather," hav- ing l)een Ixirn in Glasgow. Many years ago they came to Canada and settled in Toi'onto. There were twelve chihhen boiii in the family, of whimi the subject of our sketch was the ninth, l^p to the age of fourteen young David wiis a diligent student at the public schiMtls, and thus ac«juired something more than the rudiments of a gerous nature as men of his sterling ([ualities merit and deserve. In Deceml)er, 1S77, he retired from the firm with which he had In^en so long connected, having l)een a])])ointed agent of the Royal Insurance Company of England. This business he has carried on successfully ever since, and now has full chai-ge of a distinct. He also represents the Dominion Plate (ilass Insuiance Coy, and is agent I'or the Dominion Steamship Coy. Inii it is in connection with public matters thai David ^IcLellan is liest known, and surely his lecord for the ])ast twenty years in this respect is a nM>st creditable one. Po-ssessed of a right manly spirit, and having at heait the welfair of the city in which he resides, he las In-en imlefatigable in his efl'orts to promote the pro- gress of her institutions, and the advancement ofe\('rygtK)d cause. The first jiublic office held by Mr. McLellan was that of member of the Sch- was elected in 1S7~), when the city was divided ni^o seven wards. At the end of the ytar he went on a trip to Great Britain, and during his absence he was elected alderman. 'i'his position he held foi- the ensuini: three veais, duriui; the latter two of which. In- was cliaiiman of the Market, Fire and Police committee, and in connection with which he was instrumental in biinging alxiut many important improvements. In 1S71) he retired from the council and returned to the Board of Education, where he remained con- tinuously for nine years. Duiing this period he was for three yeai-s "80, '81 and "8.") chair- man of the I'^inancc' Connnittee ; in 188'J h<: was cliairman of the Internal Management Connnittee, and in thi> following year he was cliairman of the IJoai-d. In 1 8S8 and 1889 he was again a member of the Aldeiinanic Bojird, and in 1890 he was first elected mayor by a pronounced majority, a position to which lie was re-elected in 1891 by acclamation, and one which he well and worthily filled during his term of office. As an e\idence of his popular- ity, it may be remai'ked that twice when rur.- ning for ahlerman and once for mayor, he headed the polls on the last-named occasion receiving the highest vote ever gi\en any candidate in the city. But while devoting attention to civic and educational matters, the benefit of Mr. McLellan s assistance in connection with oth 'r matters affecting tJie public weal was not lacking. He always took a great interest in the U. C. P.ible Society, of which he tilled the office of Piesident and Secretary, an]Miintc4i a JusticT of tli*- Peart- for the County of \Vent\v«»rth, Imt, save in the matter of fre(|uently j)resi(lin<,' at the Police Court, in the ahsent-e of the Maj^istrate, he has liad little to do with disjiensinj,' tiie law. It is j>eihaj>s in connection with In-nexolent s<»eieties that Mr. Mcl^-llan has done his most arduous work, and his record in this i'esj)eet is decidedly unicjue. As a meml)er of the ^^asonic fraternity, he is one of the hest known men in ( )ntaiio. Tn Auj^ust, 1S65, he was initiated in Iviny Solonions hnljie, Toronto, in which he held successively the otHce of secretary, senior warden {'1 years), and Woishipful Mastei- (.*{ years in succession.) On his departuie foi- Hamilton in IcS"!, the cl()sinutation of his old-time bretlnvn in Kinj-' Solomons visited Hamilton and ])resented him with a handsome- ly eii<,'r(>ssed addres.s, informing him that he had l)?en elected an honoi'ary member in reco<,'nition of his valuable services in the past. Followin>i up the study and practice of Masonry, Mr. Mc- Lellan lapidly rose in the Onler, and has for years taken an acti%'e jiai't in the wttrk of the Crand L;e. Since 1S74 he has lieen a mem- l)er of the Board of General Purposes, and in 1^79 he was elected Grand Senioi Warden. He also holds the positire- '\ sentative of the Grand Cha])ter of (ieorjjia. Tn the Cry[)tic and A. i^' A. Scottish Twites he has | eijually distinjfuished himself ; at piesent he is Captain of the (Juard in the Supreme Council of the latter ii> the '•VMi\ deifree. He is Past (Trand Soverei^jn and repre.sentative of the Or- der of liome and Constantine, P. G. Sovereij^n : <)f the Grand Imperial (council of Illinois. P. (J. Connnander of the (irand Lodjfe of Royal Ark INIariners and rejjresentative of the Supi-eme Grand L«Kler and one of the trus- tees of Hamilton Canij), No. L'l, Sons of Scot- land, riie St. Andrew's Benevolent Society - a InMievolent or<;anization in every sense of the t»'rm is one in which Mr. Mcl.,«'llan has always taken a \ery resident in 1S7'") and lS7t), Ikmnj,' the first to be re-elected to that hij,di office in a ])eri he has continuously occupied the jiosition of treasuier of the .society, of which he is one of the most active memlH-rs. Not- withstanding that he has been one of the busiest men at home. Mr. ^Icljellan has done consider- abh- travelling in his time. He has crossed the ocean no less than six times, and has tia\elled over a large ixirtion of the I'nited States. Tn July, 1S(;4. he mariied Elizal)eth Dittey, of Toi'onto, a native of Londonderry, Ireland, who came to this country when a child, and by whom he has had six children. The eldest of these, a daughter, died when a child : the remainder, two lioys and three girls, are still li\ing. The eldest son is in Chicago, and the other is being trai led in his father's otfice, while the eldest daughter bids fair to distinguish herself in the profe.s,sirt in jwditical contests. Tn religion he is a Piotes- tant, and thi-oughout his life he has ever shown a deep interest in the affairs of the Presbyterian church, with which he is connected. He was ordained deacon in Knox church, Toronto : and became an elder in Knox church, Hamilton, on October .'U St. 1S77. Several years ago he suc- ceeded the late Alexander Mitchell as Se.ssion Clerk and Treasurer of Ps of St. IJernard C<>ni- mandery of Chica!,'o, the kind and generous niannei' in which the Knijihts were tieated hy his Worship, called from them a testimony of his worth, and they made liim an lionorary mend)er of their corps, and piesented liim with a 'landsdine medal. After- the alxive sketch had l)eeii wiitten. in- deed while it was in type, our subject was pre- maturely called to his rest. He had been so- journinji for a short season at Dansville Sani- toriuni, N.Y., and had just leturned apparently fully restored to his usual health anil strength, but on the foUowing day a feeling of lassitude coming over him he reclined on his bi'd, and in a few hours afterwards was found in an un- conscious state, and nevei- rallied, although the l>est medical practitionei's in the city of Hamil- ton were sununoned to his aid, and finally passed away at 2. oO p.m, on the IGth March, 1892. The news of his death caust'd piofouiid grief in the city and, indeed, in all parts of the province, as the deceasetl had been well known throughout the country. A special meeting of the city council was called and a resolution passed expressing I'egret at his death and con- dolence with the bereaved family on the irre- paiable loss they had sustained. The council attended the funeial in a Ixidy. The memliers of the (iT-and Ltnlge of Freemasons, and vari- ous benevolent societies of which he was a mem- ber, were well represented, indet'd, the cortege was the largest seen in Hamilt him during his legime as Mayor, could not forbear to offer its humble tribute to his moral worth. JOHN CUAHAM, Offinni, Ont. JOHN OHAHAM, ..neof the old timers, as *' well as a prominent citizen of the capital of the Dominion, is a splendid illustration of what can be accomplished by a judicious use of brains, sustained l)y courage and animated by a determination to succeed. He was boin on the banks of the Ottawa, in the township of Nepean, Carleton county, on the <)th June, IS.SO. His fathei-, Andrew (iiaham, was a native of the County Fei-managh, where his ancesiois were for geneiati<.ns land owners and engaged in agricultural jiursuits ; and his mother, Kliai Alexander, was Immii in the County Tyrone. Actuated by love of adventure and that spirit of enterprise, characteiistic of the inhabitants of the emerald isle, he determined to seek his fortune in llritish North America, and in the year l^iJCi he airived in Canada and settled in the County of Carleton, where he was married. Here Mr. (Jraham. senior, remained engaged in farming and lumbering until 1S47, when he iv- moven, howevei-, his star was in the ascendant, for while stan and retuiiied to the place of his birth, reaching Ottawa in March, 18o9, where he has resiiled ever since. After looking over the situation, in July of the year la.st mentioned, he leaseti the Albion hotel, and conductetl the hotel lousiness for fourteen years with pi-otit to himself. In this enterpri.se he secured such experience and rej)u- tation as enabled him to make a financial suc- cess of his next move, which was the purcha.se of the Union hotel, which he enlai-ged and improvetl from time to time until, in 1^79, he had completed the Gi-and Union a.s it now stands, a magnificent structuie, live stories in height, containing one hundred and twenty r he again m rried, his wife U-ing relict of the late Samuel (iraham, <»f (tttawa. Mr. Graham is a i gentleman of ginnl physii)ue, with a hearty gixnl i natured manner, which, with his other sterling (jualities. make him a geneial favouiite witii all who linow him. A LEX A N I ) E 1 1 \V< )1{ K M A N, (jttinni, Oiif. NE of the men who have made for themselves a distinctive lecoid in building uj> and ad- vancing the material interests of the city ). In 184") he removed to Ottawa and, in company with Edward (irirtin, founded the haidware establishment <>t' Workman iV Grittin. The business, whicli has always Ijeen a success, is still tarried i.ii under the title .)f Alexander Workman it Co., Mr. Gritiin having retired in L'^GT. At present, and for several years past, its aeti\e manaf,'e>nent has l)een in the hands of Ml-. Woikman s nephew, Thomas, son of Di-. Jo.sej)h Workman. In local matters of imjjort- ance to the city, Mi'. Woikman always took an active interest. For three yeais sul)se(|uent to his airival he acted as a meml)er of the scIkmiI Idiard and superintendent of the sc1hm>1s. Dui- \\\\i his term of otiice many impr<»vements were made in the teachinj; .sy.stem, and a numlter of iCoctive visits to Ottawa. All his life Mr. Workman has been a strong achocate of t«'m[)ei"ance. He joined the Hi'st teetotal society organized in Montreal, sixty years ago, and he still staunchly adheres to teetotal piinci- ples. In politics he is a Conseivative and was a true friend and advisei' of Sir John Macdon- ald. In religion he is a Unitarian. In ISi'O, Mr. Workman matriedMary, daughter of Lieut. Francis Abl)ott, of H. M.'lOth Uoyals, a regi- ment that took part in the war a native of Scotland and ca)ne to Canada in ISO"), settling in the township of East Flamljon/, county of Wentworth. He n)arried ^lary, daughter of the late Abiam Haker, <»f the same township, and they had a family of twelve children — .seven l>oys and tive girls — of wiiom the subject of our sketch was the seventh, boil, July 2n(i, 1S:J4. Of these, tive of the Ixtys and all the girls are still living. Up to the age of sixteen John attended the common .school in the neighborhood of his home, and then for four yeais more he worked steadily on his father's farm. The succeeding ten years he worked for himself on a rented farm, and to this ho added tin- luii.ber business in l^O"). Six years later he formed a partnership with the late Koln^rt Thompson, of LyiMlen, with whom lieoperited for tive years, and then, a dissolution taking place, the Hrm of Flatt iV: P.iadley, one of the most noted in the annals of the lumlH-r trade in Caiuula was formed. For sixteen years they have carried on the business with great succes.s, and in that time tlie original Held which traerations so extensively as those firms of which Mr. John Ira Flatt is prominently connected. In ])ublic affairs, Mr. Flatt has also l)orne his part worthily and well, his sterling integrity, uprightness of character and liusiness ability making him conspicuous among his fellow men. In b'^tlO he was elected a member of the West Flamboro' council, in which he served for se\en years continuously. During the years, 1SS()-'S7 and J^S he was ree\e of Fast Flamboro" township, and in the last he held the honorable position of warden of the county /^' 290 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. ties in which lie has property. In politics, Mr. Flatt has always been a consistent supporter of the Reform party, and is a Liberal in the high- est sense of the temi. In religion he is a Protestant, and from his youth up has been connected with the Method'si church. For thirty-two years he has bc^n a leader or assist- ant leader in the church p.c Millgrove, and he lias also been a delegate to the General Confer- ence of the Methodist body. In 1853, Mr. Flatt married Rachel, a daughter of the late Jacob Cummings, of Blast Flamboro', by whom he has had six children - three boys and three girls. Of his sons, William is, as has already been stated, a member of the firm of J. «k W. Flatt ; another, Jacob, is ctmnected with the same firm at the Toletlo branch : and Daniel carries on a general store at Millgrove. In his private life, as well as in his whole business career, Mr. Flatt has l>een distinctively a man among men, and his record is one upon which his family, as well as his tliousjinds of friends, may look with pride. JOHN DOTY, Toronto, Ont. AMONGST the many men who have made a success in life, few perhaps have had less chances, and have acquired more, than the sub- ject of this sketch. Born on a farm, he, like most country lads, had to assist his father in the cultivation i>f that farm, and, while yet a small boy, he worked at times from sunrise to sunset, ihe natural thrift thus early inculca- ted, has led to the prominent position he holds to-day as one of Ontario's leading manufactur- ers. Mr. Doty was born in the township of Lewiston, Niagara county. New York, on the tirst day of July, 1822. His parents were Pharis and Rachel (Squares) Doty. The elder Mr. Doty was lx)rn in Massachusetts, and in his younger days was a tanner, but on his re- moval to Western New York, he became a fanner. Of the antecedents of the family, on his father's side, Mr. Doty has learned that the original head of the family, in this country, Edward Doty, came t)vei" in the Mayflower in 1()20 and located at Plymouth, Massachusetts, where his descendants remained for several generations. In the family of Pharis Doty there were seven children, tive boys and two girls, and of thi; numlier John was the second youngest. Alliert and Julia, the two eldest, were born in Connecticut ; the other members of the family in Niagara county, New York. The last years of the father's life were spent with his son. John, in Oakville, Ont., whei*e he died in 1861, aged seventy-nine years. In 1872, while on a visit to her son Albert, in St. Clair county, Michigan, the mother died, aged eighty- three years. The only members of the family no".- living f;re the two brothers, Pharis Doty, of Oakville, and John Doty, the subject of this sketch. Mr. Doty received his education at the district schecame superintendent of the mechanical department of the Pluenix foundry, then located on the east side of Yonge-street, a few doors al)ove King. He remained in this position about eighteen months, when he re- signed and went to Oakville, Ont., where he again went into business with a Mr. Hibbard, under the tirm name of Doty it Hibbard. AVK)ut the year 1856 Mr. Hibbard was Ixnight out by Mr. Chisholm, and the business was con- tinued under the title of John Doty it Co. This partnership existed until 1864, when Mr. Doty sold out to Mr. Chisholm. In 1865, dur- ing the great oil excitement, he vent to Hamil- ton and started business in the machinery line. This he carried on until 1872, when he sold out. In 1875 he removed to Toronto, and re- solved to make that city his permanent abiding- place. Soon after locating here, he established the business which has since grown to such enormous proportions. The shops at that time were at the foot of Yonge-street, on the west side of the slip, and ^Ir. Doty was sole pro- prietor. His business having outgrown the capacity of the premises, he purchased about an acre of ground, with some buildings thereon, at the f(X»t of Bathurst-street, on the west side, and removed his works to that place in 1881. Since then a numl)er of other buildings have been added. These in turn were found inad- equate for the retjuirements of the business, and new property was purchased on the east side t)f the street. On this site substantial brick buildings have l>een erected which cover 60,000 s(juare feet of gi-ound. A sidi; track fi-om the Grand Trunk Railway running into the premises, enables the company to receive T JOHN DOTY, Toronto, Ont. I \ ~^*^ 292 riiOMIXEXT MEN OF CANADA. inatorial from any l>ari of the fontinent, and to load and sliip niachiiu'iy to all j)arts of tiu* country. Tlu' John l>oty Einfinc Company of Toi'onto ( Limited), was or^ianizt-d in IMU. Tlie following arc its otticers : .lohn l)oty, Pr- i dent ; Daniel Hunter, Vice-President ; Frank- lin H. Doty, (Jeneral Manager : Frederic W. Doty, Secretary-Treasurer ; John Walsh, Assist- ant Secretary- Treasurer. They manufac.uieali kinds of machinei-y, and for any purpose. Tn addition U> all this tliey have a ship yard at the foot of Hathuist-st'eet, near the hay. wheie they j>ay particular attention to the i»uilding of steel ships. They also have a store at Van couver, H.C., foi- the .-lale of general engineering and ve.ssel suj)j>lies. So extensive ha.s the little business, established at the f»M>tof Yonge-street, become, that employment is now given to from one humlred to three hundred hands, and their manufactures are sold from ocean U) ocean. ^^r. Dotys two sons, Franklin H. and Frei"ictical mechanic under his fathers tuition. Mr. Doty is a shareholder in the Toronto Feiry Company, and also in the Island Ar. He is j>erfectly neutral in politics, avowing neither side : voting for the man, not foi' party. His travels have i)een of a business natuiv, and cctntined to this continent. In leligion, Mr. Doty, as wel' as his family, are P]piscopalians, and attend Christ Church (Keformed Episco- jial.) He was married on the .'Wth of No\ em- ber, 1S4.'?, to Tjouisa Jane Wilcox, daughter of Ciiarles Wilcox, of Niagara Falls, N.Y., once his partner in business. The issue of this mar- liage was tive children, two of whom, a boy and a girl, died in childluMMJ. Of the three now living )nention has l)een made. All three are married and the grandchildren from these mariiages number fourteen. P'iist seeing Tor- outo in 1S41, when it was yet in its infancy, Mr. Doty has watched its growth, which has In^en in many resj>ects like the business he has succeeded in building up here. Now he is able to live at ease, and with the wife of his youth, take that I'est fi-om labor which is so anxiously sought for, l>ut seldom found, by the mass of the pectple. His life recoid is indeed a veiitica- tion of the adage: "Small beginnings often make great endings." HON. HICHAHD HAKCOUHT, M.A., (^C, M.P.P., Tiiriiiitii^ Otit. AS a memlier of the I^»cal I^egislature, and now Provincial Treasurer, few of the lead- ers in either Houses have attained more prom- inence than Mr. Harcourt, who has for many years ranked among the leading politicians of Ontario, and as one of her most prominent sons. He wiis lM>rn in the townshiji of Seneca, Haldi- \ mand county, Ont., on the 17th March, 1S4!». I His parents, Michael and Helen (Weir) Har- ! court, were Inith of Frisli extraction. Michael : Haicourt, although Imhh in Scotland, was of Irish jKirentage, and came to Ontario, then called Upper Canada, when a veiy young man, and after a time settled in Seneca townshiji, Haldimand county. Here he s(M»n ac<|uired great influence on account of his genial disjwi- sition and Ins adaptability, which had .so early de\eloped itself, as a leadei- of nuMi. For many years he was the chosen standai'd-liearei' of the Liberal party, in whose jirinciples he was an ar- dent believer. He r'.-presented the county foi' near-ly two jiarliamentary terms, this lieing jtr-ior- to the confederation of the pr-ovinces. Tn his Hrst election he was kept out of his seat for' nearly two years, his ojiponent ))eirrg wi-oirgly retur'iied, but orr a revision of the vote being made, it was found that he was the duly eh'cted candidate, when Mi-. Harcourt was installed into ortice. I>efore and after taking his seat in }iarliairrent, Michael Harcourt wis considered as one of the l»est platform speakers in the now j)r-oviirce of Ontario. To this dav, in Haldirrrand, the old settlers, as elections come around, renrind the younger gene ation of this or that trrcat meeting in which ]\Iichael Har- court took ])art. Three of his sons, Robert H., William L., and John, who settled in Chicago, became successful physicians. One of therrr, Frederick W. Harcourt, has for- some year> been a pattrrer in the well-known law tirin of McCarthy, Osier-, Hoskins i^- Cre^iirran. An- other of the suns, James L. Harcourt, is now accourrtant irr the Monti-eal branch of thcCarra- dian Bank of Conrmerce, while the vourrirest, George A., is a law student in Toronto, liich- ard Harcour t, our- subject, was privatelv taught at Hr-st by Kev. B. C. Hill, M.A., a graduate of Trinity College, Dublin ; aftei-wfi i-ds at the Cayuga grammar- school and at Tor-onto Uni- versity, fr-om which he graduated iri 1H70, and in 1^71 received his M. A. degree. Here he was a. o a rne7t). In 1^90, he was appointed a Queen's Counsel, and has been for s(»me years a meml)er of the senate of Toronto University. He has practised law successfully in Welland since 1S77 ; is now inspector of schools for the town of Welland, and has lieen in the saiiie po- sition foi- more than twelve years. Tn addition to this he is also inspector of the schls in the town of Niagara Falls. Mr. Harcourt, now Pi'ovincial Tiva.surer, was first i^'ected to the legislative Assen;'!)ly in 187?^, for tiie county of Monck, and since that time has been retuined in each succeeding election as its rej)iesentative. Having shown great ability as a debater, and keen executive ability, he was called to the Cabinet of the Legislature in Septeml>ei-, 1890, as Provincial Treasurer, succeeding the Hon. A. M. Ross. In his first budget speech he display- ed such marked ability as a speaker and finan- ciei', that his success m that jMisition was assui- ed, and at once placed him as one of the most prominent members of the Mowat cabinet. Al- thougii he had always l)een known as among the leaders of the Liberal party, his tlelivei-y of this speech had such an impiession upon the mem- l)ei's, — uected, having filled for many years imjxirtant positions of trust in the county of Haldimand. Mi-. Harcourt has three sons, whose names are Frederick, Robert and Arthur. To conclude, Mr. Harcouit has l)een, as a stu- dent at college, a teachei-, a practitioner at the bar, a mend)er of the Legislature, and more re- cently a Minister of the Cabinet, a most suc- cessful man. JOHN henf:y, Ottiitni, (Jilt. \JEARLY half a centMry ago the subject of 1* this sketch, then (piite a young man, arrived in the diminutive settlement kn<»wn as Bytovvn, which has since developed into the flouiishing city of Ottawa, the capital of the Dominion of Canada. John Heney, lM)th by birth and par- entage, is a thorril IGth, 1821, his parents, Peter Heney, and Harriet, his wife, whose maiden name was Conartv, bein;; Ixitli natives of the same j)lace. Y'^oung John, as he giew up, attended the connuon schools until he was fifteen yeais of age, when he was apprenticed to learn the trade of shoemaking. Aftei- hav- ing served his full time of seven years, he emi- grated t^» Canada in the sunnner of 184."?. On his aiiival in Quebec he secured work at his trade, and he remained there until the fall of the following year, when he removed to Bytown which he decided on iuaking his j)ermanent residence. He fii'st obtained employment with a namesake of his, John Heney, with whom he remainetl for five or six yeais, when he stajted in the boot and shoemaking line for himself. Under his supervision and management the business grew steadily with the inci-easing de- mand for such goods as were turned out at his establishment, and for yeai-s he kept from thirty to forty men constantly employed. He con- tinued to carry on a very successful trade until 1 8()8, when he gave up the business, and since that time he has been engaged in canal and railway contracting in various parts of Ontario, Quebec and the North-^Vest. He also carries on the wood business extensively, in connection with which he owns and employs a number of steaml)oats and barges on the Rideau canal and Ottawa river. Duiing his long lesidence in Ottawsi, Ml'. Heney always took a prominent pait in nmnicipal affairs, and his record in this respect is decidedly as unique as it has been creditable to himself. In 18.")1 he was first elected j', member of the council for By Wai'd, and fioni that time until the end of 18'.)0, with the exception of t\\i> years, he served as a mem- ber of the c(jrj)oi-ation, occupying the position -^••' I JOHN HENEY Ottawa, Ont. l^ *■ ~r I, ,. ^i- t 296 PKOMIXEyr MEX OF CANADA. for the phenoinenfiUy lonji; ptriiKl <»f tliirty- seven years. Dunnni the aldennanic l)oartl, he was a candidate for the mayoralty, hut was defeated. For a nunil)er of years j)ast he has l)een a memln'r of the Central Canada Exhibition Assoeiatiolitics he has idvays lieen a staunch inem- In'r of the Libcral-Conserviitive party, being an active workci- in jtolitical contests. He was a sincere fi '.( nd and an ardent admirer of the late Sir John A. Macdonald up to the time of the great statesinans death. In religion, he is a Homan Catholic, and a ge lerous sup|M»rter of the church and her institutions. He possesses the most tolerant vievvs towai'ds other sects, and he is wont to say with pride that ln' was present at the laying of the cornel-stone of nearly every church, of whatever denomination, in the city of Ottawa. In liS87, Mr. Heney and his wife attended the Jubilee Exhibition in London, England, afterwards visiting Paris, France, and subse<|uently travelling over every county in Ireland. In'lS49, Oct. lOtli, Mr. Heney married Mary Ann, a daughter of the late Phillip McManus, of Bytown, by wh<»m he had eleven children, of whom four sons and three daughters are still living. The oldest son, John, is in the coal busii'.ess in Ottawa : Charles is engaged in connection vvitli contract- ing operations in the North- West, ■md Thomas is a clerk in the city water works department. Of the daughters, the eldest, Mary Ann, is marriey resjiect, is universally esteemed for the honour, iniegriiy and straight- forwardness which have distinguisheil him through life. THOMAS (iOLDIE, (iufljth. Out. IX)R upwards of thirty years past the name of Goldie has lieen intimately a.ssociated with the public and business affairs in the city of Guelph, while in C( inmercial circles through- out the Dominion few are more favourably known. < )ne of the leading repre.-.entatives of the family at the present time is the gentleman whose name ap|)eai-s at the head of this skerch, and who now (1S91) occupies the position of mayor of the lioyal Citv. Thomas (Joldie was Ijorii in Patei-soii, N.J.," July 9th, AHT^Q. His father, James (Joldie, whose tlourniilling establishment at (iueljdi is one of the most extensive in the Dominion, is a native of the town of Ayi", Scot- land, and his mother, whose maiden name was Owen, was Ihhii in Montgonu'iyshire, Wales. James (Joldie, in his youth, was an enthusiastic Initanist and florist, a taste which he derived from his father, wlio was noted for his tlistin- guished services to the Edinburgh IJotanical Society. The subject of our sketch, who came to Canada at a very early age with his father, received his primary e(hication at the public and high schools in (Juelph, and was subse- past eight years he has been president of tiie South Went- worth Liber-al-Conservative Association. He takes a deep interest in the wide r-ange of Dominion issues, and is a firm lieliever- in tlie policy of building up and protecting native I'ROMIXENT MEX OF CAN AD/ 297 industries, developinj; our natural lesnuices, and keepiii},' Canada for the Canadians. As a connnercial citizen of the t<»wn, Mr. (Johlie has always taken a very prominent interest in all kinds of legitimate tield sjmrt, to encourage which lu- ha.s done a great deal. For years he has Ijeen president of the Ontario cricket asso- ciation, being a strong admirer of the " n<»ble game." As an evidence (»f his standing in the business woi'd, i* may l)e stated that Mr. 'loldie occupies th.' position of president of the iJom- inion Millers' As.sociation. In religion, he is a Presbyterian, md for a nnmljer of years has been chairman of the Hoard of Managers of Kno.x church. On June 7th, lSf<7, Mr. Goldie married l!nnna, daughter of the late John Mitchell, of (Juelph, and his family consists of tive chiUh'en, three sons and two daughtei-s. [OmiT.- Since the alwne was written, Mr. (ioldie has been called to the higher life. After a shcMt illness, he di^d on the 4th of February, 1S92. He was a>'cor(jed a })ub]ic funeral, which was largely attended by his ff II<>\v citizens and deputations from the vari< us a^s'.ciations with which he had been connectetl, :'.iid from the Hoard of Trade <»f Torontefore her marriage was Miss TsalM'll . Clark, daughter of the late Ale.xandei- Clark, of Dalna\ert, Scotland. The late Premier and she were uniteoitant of their clients, making Toronto, instead 4 Kingston, its head(|uartei"s, Macdonald it Patton had also moved their ofiice t() the west- ern metropolis. After spending four years in Toronto, Mr. Macdonald, in 1)^7(), went to King- ston and opened an office on his own account there. The return of Sii' John Macdonald to powei' in 1S7S deprived the firm of his .services, and soon thereafter his partner, Mr. Patton, was appointed Collector of Customs at Toronto. Hugh .lohn Macdolald, therefore, Ijefore the close of 1S7S, removed again to Toronto to enter the firm and take charge of its business. He took into j)artnership Mr. A. H. Maish. and the firm thereaftei- was known as Macdonald, Macdonald it .Marsh. He i-emained in Toionto as practically the head of the firm until April, ISS'2, when he airanged with ^L J. Stewart Tupper. son of Sir Chailes Tupper, to form a law partnership in Winnipeg, and innnediately he removed to the jtrairie capital. He was at once admitted to the Manitoba bar, and the new film began practice under the most favourable auspices. Messrs. ^lacdtniald it Tupper are solicitors for several large and important cor- LL «-•-♦> '•-•- 298 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. porations, liesides having an extensive f)feiieral practice. Mr. Macdonald was nuule Queens Counsel in 1890. It is only lately that he has appeai-ed in public life. Several times he has Ix'en urged to allow himself to l)e put forward as a candidate for important representative positions, but having no desire for political pre- ferment, and knowing from his relationship with the greatest of them all that the life of a |)ublic man was not .so pleasant as those who are mere- ly amVntious Ijelieve it to be, lie always had himself e.\cused. In the Dominion general elec- tions of March, 1891, however, it was .so strong- ly urged upon him that the party's interests would be safer in his hands than in thost- of any other person, he consented to run. His oppon- ent was Mr. I.saac Campbell, also a prominent lawyer and the man who more than any other was the rising hope of the Liljeral party. The contest, though free from personal rancour, was fiercely fought on either side. Mr. Macdonald was successful, his majority Ijeiiig 009. In the House of Commons he is thoroughly popular. He does not seem ambitious to shine in debate, but he speaks when he thinks occasion requires. He is an easy and graceful speaker, more finish- ed in style than any but the most practised de- baters in the House. He is without the man- nerisms which marked the sj)eeches of the late Premier, but his style has much of the directness which was the chief claim of Sir John Macdon- ald to rank as an orator. Mr. Macdonald has always taken an active interest in military affairs, and has seen more active service than many a veteran volunteer. His experience l)egan with his seventeenth year. The Fenians were expected to cross from opposite Cornwall and a large force of volunteers was encamped at that town in oi"der to meet the invaders. Mr. Macdonald was then a private in the 14th Princess of Wales' Own Rifles, one of the l)at- talions making up the defending force. There was no fighting on that occasion, the viisplay of force being enough to warn the Fenians off. Again in 1870, when the first expedition under Col. Wolseley (now General Lord Wolseley), went from the eastern provinces to suppress the uprising of the Metis, under Riel, Mr. Macdon- ald was ensign in the First Ontario Rifles. In Riel's second rebellion, in 1885, the corps which did the greatest service and lost most heavily in killed and wounded was the gallant 90th Bat- talion of Winnipeg. In tiiis regiment Mr. jMacdonald held the post of captain of No. 1 company, which, with No. 3, suffered the se^■er- est losses of the campaign. The bravery of the Winnipeg boys at Fish Creek and Batoche is a matter of history of which all Canadians are proud. Mr. Macdonald has now retired from the service, retaining his rank. Mr. Macdonald is a member of the Church of Scotland. He was married on the 1st Mardi, 1870, to Jane, daughter of W. A. Murray, Ks(|., of Toronto. She died in 1881. In 18S;}, he was married again to Agnes (Jertrude, daughter of Salter J. Vankoughnet, Q.C., of Toronto. ALEXANDER MACLEAN, Offnirn, Cut. THE subject of this biof. rvpl,ica] sketch, Mr. Alexander MacLeaii, President of the Ca- nadian (iranite Company, Ottawa, was Ixn-n in So-.'.th Dumfries, Brarst county, Dec. 9tn, 18;U. His jMirents were J< hn MacLean and his wife IsalM'lla McRae, Inith of them natives of Inver- nessshire, Scotland. Of their family of eiglit children, Alexandei- was the fifth. Two vears l)efore his birth, the family emigrated to Canada and settled in Dumfries, whei-e the father took up land and engaged in fanning. As Alexander grew up he attended the public schJirliamentaiy printing, and this they carried on successfully until July, 1888, when the work wsis taken over by the Government on u. i> ALEXANDER MACLEAN, Ottawa, Ont. -♦•-1 ^ • l 300 I'HOMIXEiVT MEX OF C AX ADA. the iifi;!Uii/.itiun of the jiiiiitiii!,' Imicau. Prii>i- to tliis, h(»w«'Vt'i-, ill lf, .Mr. MiieT^'iiii liiul assooiiitMl witlj ii iiunilxT ot" otliiM' <,'«>iitlt'iii«'n in tli<' fuciiiiitioii (it" the Ciin;uliiin (iijiiiitc ('<»., of wliiili lie was one of tlu' iiKist iHti\»' proiiioteis. and of which he lias liet'ii jiii'sideiit since its ori;aniz;itioii. This eiitei|inse is of veiy coii- sideralile iiiij)oitaiic»', ;iih1 under Mi. Macl.i«'aiis inanaifeinent the business has <,'oiie on succ«*s.s- fully from its iiuejttion. iind is still showing,' a steady expansion. The material u »'ideral)le (piantities are ini|)<»rted from the United States. These priMlucts are extensivel. used in the manufacture of furniture and house dei-oration as well as for iiionumental and other purjMtses. The manufacture of the already famous i,naiio- lithic pa\ement is also a iiroiiiinent feature of the husiness. The coiupanys jiremises on the east hank of the Rideau canal occujiy thirteen city lots, and from fifty to seveiity-tive hands are kept constantly employed in connection with the works. Thouj,di iienerally takinj; con- siderable interest in municipal and ireneral poli- tics. Mi-. MacLeaii '>;ivi ne\er put himself flent societies, he lielonjis to the Masonic Crtift, l)ein>; a Past Master of Ccinwall Lodj^e. which he joined in 1808. Tn religion, he is an adherent and worthy member of the Presby- terian Church. Tn 18();?, he married Sarah, dausjfhter of the late John Smith, one of the oldest settlers of St. (Jeorffe, Out., and who died a few years aj^o at the advanced a,<;e of ninety- three. The result of this union is a faiinly of six sons and one daughter, all of whom are liv- ing. The eldest son, John S., is a graduate of Toronto University and is nT D. LOXO, lliiiiiihiiii. Out. '^pHK gentleman whose name appears at the 1. head of this sketch, .Mr. William l>ui)ail T..oiig, is known as one of the chief business iiu'ii of Hamilton. He is a meiiilier of one of the leading w(m»1 firms in Canada, that of \a>\\<^ A' liisby. IJy birth, .Mr. Long is an .American, ha\ing In-eii Imhii at Farmiiigt< n. St. Frainjois county, .Missouri, Novemln'r Is, 1S4U. His parents were Philip Lmg, and his wife, whose maiden name was Murphy. His father was Imiiii ill Kentucky, but while still young nio\eart of the country which was known as the .Murphy settlement. Mr. Longs mother, the oldest living represep.tative of the family, still resides on the farm in Mis- souri, hale and hearty at the age of eight v-one years ; his father ilied in Feliruary, I8()4. Their family consisted of ten children four Imivs and six girls (»f whom three Intvs and three girls are still living. The subject of our sketch in his youth attended a country scIkmiI, after leaving which he engaged in steambuating on the Osage lliver, .Missouri, an <»ccuj)ation he followed for souk years. Tn 1S(>-J he came to Canada and settled in TTamiltoii, receiving employment from the firm of .\. L. Woudrufl' it Co. of I'tica, N.Y., whose branch in the .Vmbitious City was the first wool store in Canada. On January I, 18(;7, the firm of Woodruff .'i' Co. having dissolvetl, the business was assumed by Mr. T.K>ng ami .Mr. (J. TT. Hisby. under the partnership name of btiig A- Hisby, and as such it still exists after tweiitv- four years of active operations. Woodruff I'i: Co., as we have said, were the jiioneers of the W(M)1 busine.ss in Canada, and wlieii Mes.s'.-s. Long A- TJisby took hold of the enterprise the trade was as yet small. Owing to their indus- try and goiKl business methods, however, it grew steadily and finally reached very large proportions. To-day, it may be said, there is no other wls are proeured from Kntfland, Fr.'.nce and (Jermany, from Persia and NiMtli Africa (also tlirouiih the Kurojjean ma.kets), an«l from Ciiina l)y way of New York, anil these, as well as wers that they have achieved such a wide measure of success. Messrs. Lon;; it HisWy are largely interested in factories in the l'niteaiiy, which was start»'d in Cauiida, hut here did not prove a success. In consel in West Winfield, and l)egan life for himself as a clerk in a store in the same place, and after- wartls spent five years as teller in the West Winfield National Bank. That position he re- linquished to come to Hamilton (January, 186.'5) tus book-keeper for the firm of Messrs. Woodruff it R(»ckwell, of the Camula Felt Hat Works. He iemaineractic.il eduiatiun, which by diligence and applicatiiin he greatly inipro\ed upon in after years. On leaving schtMil he was articled as an apprentice to a carriage-maker in (Jlasgow, and served six years. During this time he utilized his spaiv houi-s in the pursuit of knowledge, attending the Mechanics Institute evening cliUvses and afterwartls those of the Andei'sonian University for several sessions. Beijig possess- ed of a retentive memory, he nuule rapid and encouraging progress. In 1^57 he left fJllas gow and came to Canada, hut after sojourning a few months in Toronto he returned to Scot- land the following year, and again tiM)k up his alxnle in (ilasgow. In the early part of IStJO he i-emoved to London where he re- mained working at his trade until 1S09, when he once more came to Canada, this time set- tling down in Hamilton. In 1S76 he proceed- ed to San, Francisco, but returned to the " Ambitious City" in l?. The interval was the year 1890, in whicli he was an unsuccessful candidate for the mayor- alty, though he polled one of the largest votes ever cast for any candidate for that pj:)sition. His term <»f service in the city council has l)een marked by well-directed and untiring efforts to conserve the inteiesfs of the city. For four years he wtis chairman of the market, tire, and police connnittee, and it was 'hiring this periml tiiat the tine new market bui .ng, the city hall, and the John-street tire station, all highly im- poitaiit works were erected. Altogether Mr. Kenrick s course as an alderman has l^een high- ly creditable to himself and distinctly valuable to the corporation. Politicc'dly, he has always been a Conservative, and always among the most active workers for the party in election campaigns. His views are very pronounced in fa\our of a protecti\e policy for Canadian in- dustry. He is a memljer of the Mascjnic fra- ternity. whi< ii he joined several years ago, and takes a li'. ely interest in the affairs of the ( )rder. In religion he is a Pi-otestant and a member of the Presbyterian Church, but is dis- tinguished for his tolerant views towards othei- flenominations. In 1861, during his residence in Ijondon, Mr. Kenrick mairied Christina, daughter of the late William Russell, of St. Andrew's, Fifeshire, Scotland. In his Imsiness dealings Mr. Kenrick enjoys the reputation of l)eing a thoroughly upright and honouiable man. His jirivate character is without reproach, while he is universally respected. MAJOR WILLIAM J. McMURTRY, Toronto, Out. IN whatever enterprises this gentleman has iM'en engaged since leaving school, he has never lieen content to remain where he started 'u\ and, " forward " Ijeing his motto, has suc- ceeded to an admirable degree. It is in insurance circles, however, that his abilities are most appreciated. He was l>orn in Bowmanville, Ontario, April 14th, 1847, his parents being William and Jane (Stephens) McMurtry. The elder Mr. McMurtry was Imh-ii in the county of Carldw, Ireland, and came to Canada in 1822, when a small boy, and soon afterwards took up his residence in Bowmanville. The mother of our subject was lM)rn in Cornwall, England, and came to this country with her parents in 18.'52. Major William J. McMurtry is the third eldest living of Hve sons and five daughters, three others died when very young. Those living are Sarah, wife of W. (t. Perry, Toronto ; Elizaljeth, the next, is unmarried, and lives at home with her mother ; Emily, wife of J. F. Eby, of the firm of El)y, Blain it Co.; Eva, wife of E. S. Meath, of Bowmanville. His eldest brother, John, resides in Bowmanville, where he con- tinues to carry on the business established by his father over 50 years ago, and is assisted by his youngest brother, Herbert. Samuel Arthur, now with W. W. Ogilvie in Montreal, was manager of the Ontario Bank in Lindsay for 19 consecutive- years, and while hei-e marrietl Miss Florence Ogilvie, daughter of Senator Ogilvie. John married Miss Maggie Lyall, (daughtei- of the late John Lyall, township t»f Clark), who died some few years ago. The old gentleman died on the 22nd of March, 1890 — his 79th birthday ; but Mrs. McMurtry, who is 75 years of age, is hale and hearty, and as active as most people of 60. Major McMurtry received his early education in the Bowmanville grammar sch(«)l, under the tuition oi ]\[. J. Kelley, M.A., M.D., now iu.spector of scho«yls for the county of Brant. After leaving sch(M»l, he attended the Kingston military school during a portion of the year 1866, where he took lM)th Hist and second-class certificates. This was in conse- quence of his being appointed adjutant of the 45th battalion of V(jlunteei"s, commanded by Lieut.-Col. Cubitt, so that he might be the better pre])ared to till the duties of his (jffice. In the suuiiuer of 1877, he attended the cavalry school, Toronto, under Col. Jenyngs, of the l;Uli Hu-^sai's, where he took a tii-st-class certificate. When the Red Ri\er expedition was organized under (General Wolseley, he was appointed li'^utenant of the Finst Ontario Riffe.s, and served through the whole expedition, which lasted alxjut fourteen months. For fourteen yeirs he acted as adjutant of the 45th bat- - MAJOR WILLIAM J. McMURTRY, Toronto, Ont. MM 306 PROMIXENT MEN OF CANADA. tulioii : but on account <»f leaving limits, he was alloweil to retire, retaininii; full rank as major. After returning,' frttm Red Hiver he went into business with bis brother John, but retired to enter tlie Ontario IJank, in the same town, in 1874. At the end of two years be was appointed accountant of the Osliawa branch of the Ontaiio Hank, from which jK)sition he was promoted to that of manaijer of the same bank at Port Perry, where he remained foi' si.x years. Since c min<^ to Toionto, four yeais ajjo, Mr. McMurtry has held the important position of manager for Ontario for the Mutual Reserve Fund Life Association of New York. He is identified with some of the seci-et societies, Wiiii; a nieniljer of Scugog Lodge, A.O.U.W., of Port Perry, and of Florence Nightingale Lnlge, No. GC), r.O.O.F., of Bowmanville. He has l)een identified with the latter since January, X^l'l. He has also lieen an active and prominent culler for the past twenty-tive years, having as- sisted in the organizjition of the Oshawa and Port Perry clubs, though originally a menil)er of the Bowman ville oi-ganization. He is now coniiected with the Granite Curling Club of this city, and was elect«l, at the last annual meeting, to the position of honoi'ary secietary tor lsyi-92. Treading in his fathers footstejts, though never very active inixjlitical ati'airs, Mr. McMurtry has always been thoroughly attiliated with the Lil)eral party. Like his parents, he is a Congregationalist in attinities and Ijelief. He was married in Whitby, September Hth, 1S72, to Miss Louisa Fothergill, daughter of CJeorge Fotheigill, E.s(|., of the township of Pickering, who ca\ne to Canada when a small Ijoy, fiom the Isle of Wight, in company with his parents, who, after moving around for a time, settled in the tftwnship mentioned. The result of this marriage has been nine children, thiee boys and six gills, two of whom, a lK)y and a girl, are tlead. The names of those living are Dora Louisa, William Ernest, Constance Nevins, Gertrude Fotjhergill, Grace Muriel, Roy Fother- gill, and Hoi>e Fothergill McMurtry. All of those, except the latter, are attending scIumiI in Toronto. Mrs. ]McMurtrv"s grandfather, Chas. Fothergill, was (juite a remarkal)le man, a lineal descendent of the Earls of Granard, Ireland, and Baron Forbes, one of the oldest Scottish peerages. He was (juite prominent in j)olitics, and for several years previous to the McKenzie rebellion, was King's printer. He was also celebrated as a naturalist, and wrot«' several standard works. This should create no surprise, for his immediate ancestors were <|uite literary in their ta.stes. His uncle, at one time governor of DhulK)y, India, was a voluminous writer and very clever artist. He was the author of no less than fifty xolumes, imperial folio, l)eauti- fullv illustrated l>v himself. Rovaltv smile\X the Dominion capital, is that of the gentleman whose name appears at the head of this sketch, .iiid who for a numlier of years past has tilletl a responsible position in connection with the library of the Dcniiinion Parliament. Alfred Duclos De Celle.s, LL.D., was lK)rn at St. Lau- rent, near Montreal, August 1"), 1844, ;.nd on the paternal side is descended from an old French-Canadian family. One of his ancestors was a captain in the French army i)re,'-ent at the taking of Quebec by the English in 17.19. He was also one of the council of war that signed the capitulation. Afterwards he settled })ennanently in Canada. The father of the sub- ject of this biography (A. D. De Celles, Sr.) was a notiiry, and for many years practised his jno- fession at St. Laurent. His mother, whose maiden name was Hohne-s, was a native of New Hampshire, and sister to Rev. John Holmes, a notable Roman Catholic priest in Quebec, and one of the foundeis of Laval University. jNIr. De Celles received his early education at the Quel)ec Seminary, afterwards attendii g and studying law at Liival, where he graduated in Arts in lS(i(). It was some years later that he received from liis alma mater the degree of LL.D. M>-. De Celles early develoj)ed a taste for journalism, and before completing his studies at the university he l)ecame editor of l.,i> Jonr- iKil ih' (JiK-hcc (18(>7), taking the place of the late Hon. J< seph Cauclion, then editor of the |>aper, during 'he latters absence tVoin Quebec. As Mr. Cauchon was at that time President of the Senate, the entire management of Lf Jour- nal practically devolved upon Mr. De Celles, and this position he c(»ntinut(l to hohl until 1872, when he joined the staff of Lu Miturrt; Montreal, the?i the chief Conservative organ in Lower Canada. The great (piestion in those days was the jiroposed construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway, and, as etlicor of La MiiKfri', Mr. De Celles rendered valuable ser- vice in support of the scheme. He i-emained in active connection with this paper until ISSU, when he was appointed to the position of assist- ant librarian at Ottawa, and following this in 1SS5, on the death of the late Alpheus Todd. C.B., he was made one of the joint librarians of parliament, his associate being Mr. M. J. (irittin. On removing to Ottawa, Mr. De Celles J- PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA, :io; did not entirely abciiulun jomimlistic work, and for a year subsequently he conducted L'Ojnnion Puhliqite, of Montreal, a literary paper of con- siderable merit. During recent yeai-s he has con- tributed to L''x SoirM-i CrDniflii'tuifs, La K>'vnf Cnnn'Iit'ntie, and Le C(inii(li; Fntn^idx, a nunil>er of valuable papers on historical and constitution- al on, was that or "The Progress of Liberty in Canada and in France,"' in which the writer set forth the advantages which had accrued to Canada by following the example of England, and jiointed out the advantages which the French-Canadians had derived from their intercourse with the English-speaking people. This masterly essay displayed evidence of much study and i-esearch on the part of the talented author. Still an- other paper, "The Parliamentary Crisis in Europe ' (ISS7), may be cited as exhibiting marked skill and ability. Politically, Mr. De Celles is a Conservative, and up to the time of entering the service of the Government, he took an active part in the campaigns of the time. He is a membei- of the Royal Society, and is also one of the Board of Civil Service Examiners for tl-.e Dominion. In 1876, Mr. De Celles married Marie Eugenie, daughter of the late Eugene Dorion, chief of the staff of French translators in the House of Conmions, and has issue one son. LIEUT.-COL. HENRY R. SMITH, Ottawl of that city. At this in- stitution he was a school-fellow of the late Right Honourable Sir Jcthri A. Macdonald, with whijm he formed a friendship whicii lasted until unfortunate jwlitical complications many years after brought alx)ut an estrangement. He at first intended to adopt a mercantile careei', but attracting the attentittn of the late Mr. (afterwards Judge) Hagennan, in an elec- tion contest in which Mr. Hagerman was a candidate, was prevailed upon by that gentle- man to enter his ofKce and follow the pio- fession of the law. He was called to the bar in 1836, and soon controlled a large and lu- crative practice. He had wonderful gifts as a speaker, and in criminal cases was almost in- vincible. He was made a (^.C. ten years after he apj)eared at the bai-, but in the meantime lie had l>een for five years in the Legislature as the i-epresent.iiive of the ccmnty of Frontenac, and had made a fine reputation as a parliamentaiy ilebater. In 1854, he was taken into the cabi- net in tiie MacNab-Morin a.'lininistration as Solicitor-Cienera! West, and remained in that position foi- four years. On the assembling of the new parliament in 18.~)S, he was chosi'u Speaker of the Assembly. The following year it was his duty to proceed to England as the representative of the Assembly and of the people of Canada, to in%iti: Her Majesty the Queen to officiate at the formal opening of the Victoria Bridge, the most wonderful engineei- ing achievement of that day. Her Majesty was unable to honour her Canadian subjects with her presence, but advist rs of Her Majesty were prevailed upon I)y Mr. Smith to authorize the Prince of Wales to make the visit to Can- ada, which has since become historic. Mr. Smith had the honour, as Speaker, of present- ing the address of the Assembly to the Prince er 30th, 184.3, and was educated in his native place. He entered the civil service as junior clerk in 18.")9. He had always strong leanings to a military life, and has from his youth been identified with the militia service. He entered the civil servic*' regiment in 1863, and wiis promoted to a lieutenancy in 1867. In 1869, he joined the 47th battalion as captain, and was made major *?' r 308 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. of tlie sjiint* in IS?-*). Eurly in liis ccmnei-tion witli this eoips he <;ra(hiHte(l in the Hoyal School (it" Artillery, of Kingston. He had lieen a,i(le- that jMisitioii on (Jeiieral Sir Selhy Smith's statt" in 1S77, and on that of (ieneral Luard in ISSl. On the out- break of the rel)ellion in the North West in 1<^(^-"), Major Smith at once volunteered, and was accepted, l)eing given the majuiity in the Midland battalion, of which the late lamented Liieutenant-CoKmel Williams had command. Major Smith was with the regiment thioughout the whole campaign, and showed himself on the Held the same weli-disci}ilined. enthusia.stic. able soldier he had slmwn himself in times of jieace. When the illness contracted l)y Lieutenant- Coloiu'l Williams resulted fatally. Major Smith took command of the battalion. His sei\ ices earned |)i"omotion to a colonelcy, and he is now the efficient commander of the 14th battalion Princess of Wales" Own HiHes, Kingston, one of the finest corps in the Dominion. In 1HS7 he was appointed an extra Aide-tle-Camjt to Lord Lansdowne, and again to a similar posi- tion on the staff of Lord Staidey of Preston, in April, ISSS. Lieut.-Col. Smith is jxipular with his men, a thoroughly capable officer, jeal- ous of the honour of the service, and anxious at all times to promote its welfare. Lieut.-Col. Smith held the jMisition of Deputy Sergeant-at- Ainis in the Hou.se of Conunons, fiom Februaiv, 1^72, until January, 1892, when he was ap- jtointed to his present office on the retirement of Mr. D. W. Macdonell. His positi<»n brings him much into contact with nieml>ers of the House, by whom he is highly esteemed, being re- garded as one of the best officei"s on ^fr. Speakers staff". Lieut.-Col. Smith was one of a connnittee of three (the othei's being Hon. Edgar Dewdney and Major Sherwood) in charge of the arrange- ments for the funeral of the late lamented Right Hon. Sir John A. Macdonald. It is largely due to the excellent and painstaking work done by Lieut.-Col. Smith, as a member of this c(»niniit- tee, that the people of Canada had the satisfac- tion of seeing the arrangements f '• this great national demonstration of sorrow ai. the loss of the illustrious state.sman carried out witlxait a single hitch. Con.sidering that there were two j)rocessions taken part in by great assemblage.s, and watched by tlironging crowds, the smooth- ness with which everything passed off" is in itself a tril>ute to the ability of the gentlemen who had the arrangements in charge. Lieut.-Col. Smith was married on the 20th of August. 1SS7, to Mary Harrow, widow of the late Major Harrow, formerly of the Royal Canadian Rifles. Mrs. Smith is the daughter of th»' late Waltei- (iuiley, an officer in the oitliuince dej>artmeiit of the Imperial .service. THOS. C. KKKFER, C.M.c;., F.R.S.C. C.E., Othiini, Out. rpHE dominating spirit of the Canadian people 1 has iK'cn the determination to unite and develop the northeiii half of the North Ameri- can continent under liritish sway. T<) accom- ])lish this, jtolicies have l»een changed, goverri- ments removed or established, and natural obstacles overcome, such as would have daunted any people but one fully imbued with the idea that it had a mission to fulfil. Even one who does not understand or ajipreciate the spirit of the people, carniot but l)e struck with the <'nor- mous physical results achie\ed. It can saf( ly be said that no country in the woild of eipjal population has such fine results in the way of public woiks to show foi- its public debt as Canada. Everything has been done to make communication rapid and cheap, in order that the political ImmkIs which hold the jirovinces together may be reinforced by the stronger l)onds of trade. Yet nearly all that has iieen done has been accomjilished within the life time of men still in vigorous ".;+"(*. To wiite the history of one who has lM*en for fifty years a leader in this great economic movement is almost e(|ni\ alent t<» writing a history itf Canadian public works. Tn writing the history of such a career as that of Thomas C. Keefer, only the barest outline is jiossibl^ here. Mr. Keefer comes of a stock remarkable for courage and power of will. His paternal grandfather was (Jeorge Kieff"er, an Alsatian Huguenot, who came to America with his mother and .steji-father, when ten years of aj^e, settlinj; in New Jeisev. On the out break of the revolutionary war, being then in the ])rime of manlnMid, he espoused the Hritish cause with \ igour. After .serving se\ei'al years in the army under Col. Harton, he died of typhoid fever in the army hospital on Staten Island. At the conclusion of the war. his son George, then eighteen years of age, made his way with othei- loyalists to the Canadian bordei' at Niagara. He returned for his mother, and with her estab ished himself at Thorold where he became a i lan of prominence and the first president of tlu Welland canal. ( )!i his mothei's side, Thomas (J. Keefer is of Irish extraction. His grandfather was Pett'r McHride, of Armagh, one of the Irish xolunteers who came to America umler (Jeneral Carleton in 1770. Peter Mc- Hrides wife was Mary Hradshaw, who was de- scended from (ieneral Hradshaw (a brother of the regicide), who wjus .sent to Ii-eland by Cromwell. One of the sorsof this coujile, Edward McHride, represented tl e town of Niagara in the Parlia meat of LTppei- Canada. He waw a noted Ma.son, and was accu>;ed of l)eing one of the party who made away with Morgan. The suliject of this sketch was Ixirn in Th(»rold on the 4th Noveui- THOMAS C. KEEPER, C.M.G., F.R.S.C, C.E., Ottawa, Ont. ^r 310 VROMIXENT MEN OF CANADA. Ikt, 1H*21. He w;is t'llue-iiU'd, as so uiaii} others of Caniulfi's lejuHiijj men have l)een, in Upper Caiiadii Collejie. At the a<^e of seventeen, in ls:»S, lie In-jian his careej- as an en^iineei', l»ein<; lirst euiployen after he transferred his services U> the Welland canal, and evei- since tiiat time iiis name has lieen l>rominently connecte!itical t'.\i.!j;encies of the ifovernment of that day called for the construction of certain woiks which Mr. Keefer, not believinj; them (h'sirable in the jiul)lic interest, declined to recommend oi- even l»i' responsible for. Hr- could not decently be discliariied, but his ortice was abolished, and lie was relieved of all duties in connection with the <;overiiment, but with every assurance of hiiih a]ipr«*ciatifui of his professional abilities. .\t once, upon beiiiir set free. ^fr. Keefer entered upiiii the production of two literary works which, in the ability they display, and in the perman- ent intUience they have had u])on the country, must rank side by side with any work he has ever done. The first of the.se works to ai)pear was "The Philosophy of Hailroads," written at the rei[uest of the president of the Montreal and Lnchine road. ThoUiih brief, and never published in more ])ermaiient form than that of a ])aiii}>lilet, it is safe to say that no other piece of literary workm.fnship in Canada has wrouyht more important results. Probably never befort' or since in any n afteivvards the other essay was publi.shed under the title, "Our Canals and Their Influence ui>on Agriculture." This was written in competition for a handsome prize which had been offered by the (Tovernoi'-tJeneral of that day, and was awarded the palm by the jury of critics apfM»iiited to compare the MSS. submitted. In its way, this was a moie elabor- ate production than the other, but it was an e(|ualiy jMtwerful plea for canal development, with th >t the author had just made for the con- struction of i-ailways. In the (ourse of this pamphlet, Mr. Keefer made a plea for a moder- ate system of protection, such as would develop industries, which could not otherwise get a fair oj)portunity to take root in Canada, and would thus diversify the employment of the people. Lord Elgin sent for the author and, while not condemning the opinions exjaessed, sought t(j have them somewhat modified, in view of the strong free-trach* sentiment of the mother countiy. Mr. Keefer declined to make any change, however, and his essay was published as written. This, so far as known, is the first instance in which a system of pi-otection was advocated in Canada after the a?ce])tance of the free-trade principle in Ihitain. In conver- sation with fri(>nds, however. Mr. Keefer makes it abundantly clear that heat no time advocated a .scheme at all to ha confused with the policy .since put in force l)y the Conservative adminis- tration of the Dominion. He desired protection in part for its own sake, and largely as a means f)f securing a reciprocity treaty with the I^'nited States. In IS-'iO, at the urgent reipiest of Hon. William Hamilton Merritt, Mr. Keefer re-entered the service of the government, engaging first in a survey of the lajiids of the St. Lawrence, with a view to their improvement, also surveying the harboi's Iwlovv Quebec, and exploring routes with a view to the building of an intercolonial road between the maritime provinces and tin- Canadas. He had prev iously been in communi- cation with Mr. I. 1). Andrews, the aident advocate of reciprocity in the United States, who, at the time, was j)reparing a report on the .subject for the American (iovernment. Mr. Keefers researches, while jtrepaiing for the literary work he had finished but a short time before, had enaliled him to comply with Mr. Andrews recpiest for intVirmation on the subject of Canadian trade. ^Ir. Andrews retpiested the Canadian (iovernment to allow Mr. Keefer to go t/.i Hostoii and fissist him in the prepai*- ation of his re{M»rt. This request was acceded PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. :511 ti», ;iiul Mr. Kf'pfer iiccnnliiiyly undtTtiKik tliis foii<;eni!il hut -as it proved, owini,' t<> tlie sinall- uiinilfdiiesH of the governments on either side — unicniuneiiitive work. He remained eniiaj,'ed in c'oUalM (ration witli Mi'. Andrews until Fel)ru- ary, 1851. Soon after returnin«j to Cana(hi lie withdrew fiom the seivioe. never to re-enter it except foi- the j)erformanfe of some special or tenn>oiary work. l>ein<^ ayain solicited hy Mr. Aiulrews, who had meantime been ajtj)ointed Ity the I'nited (States (iovernment to prepaie a fidler iei>ort on the subject of reciprocity, to assist him, Mr. Keefe> went to New York, whei'e, for some months he was enj^as^ed in the work. The second lepoit was duly prejiased. One of the remarkable features of it, as it must appear to people of this day, is a map jirepared by Mr. Keefer, showinossible within less space than would i>e aftbided by a b(M)k devoted to the subject, to give with any detail one tithe of the works which Mr. Keefer s marveUous ability and his no less mirvellous energy enabled him to per- form. Some, and oidy the most important, may be briefly sketched. Innnediately ujhmi leaving the sei-vice of the government he entered that of the c<»mpanies holding chaiters, which t<(- gether authorized the construction of the railway from Montreal to Toronto, and foi' the bridging of the St. Lawience at Montreal. These com- panies were sul).se((uently merged into the Grand Trunk Railway Company, after an agitation in which Mr. Keefei- tort irrade by .Mr-. I\ecfer-. The princi- ples laid dowir by Mr-. KeetVr- were irr the main adopted by Mr-. Stephenson, and the l(«-atiori fixed by the Canadian errgineer- was not changed materially by the illustrious Knglislniran. Arrd he said, in justice to his meiirorv. IJoiMMl S' pheirsorr never- forgot to give credit to .Mr-. Keefer fi>r the work he had done in Morrtr-eal Harbor- Commission for- s<»me year-s, and was the tir-st to pr-ointse the dredging of the charsnel to a ilepth of more than sixteen and a-half feet. In the controxersy which ar-((se on the t|uestion of railway gauges. Mr-. Ketfer- recognized the riecessity <»f Canada confor-rrring to the Arrrerican irrethod, ;ind there- fore advocated the stairdar- 1 gauge. In this connection it irray be mentioned that the change of the na r-ow-gauge r-oads to standai-d some years later-, s.as in accor-daiue with, and largelv because of. his advice. Irr !*>()!• he took up the advocacy of the Canadian Pai-itic Railway, l)eirig one (if the first to declare that the higical se- ipience of a political union of i he pr-o\inces \\ as a Ixnid of communication fiom coast to coast. < ►f that great idea he was always one of the ir)((st ardent advocates, until the a(-t-orrrplishrrrent o( the work. In IS7S, Mr-. Keefer was appointed by the Mackenzie administration Commissioner- to the Paris Cnixersal Mxposition. He was the only j)aid Commissioner-, irid tlntugh he was given a boar'd of eminent m«?n as his advisers, the i-espousibility fcjr- the success of the Cana- dian ntr-eal, occasioned by the "jam of ice in the charrrif 1, Mr-. Keefer- was appointed chair-irran (»f the conrirrission. The r-eport pre- sented was a nrost complete one, arrd the int'or-rrr- ation therein given was of the grvati^st ser'vice to those whose business it was to prevent a i-ecurr-errce of the flotta\va. He is one of the executors of the late Thomas McKay, and has manaired a considerahle j)ortion of that lai<;e estate. He is j>resident of the Ottawa City Fassenijer Uailwav Conipany. a diie<-tor of the Ottawa (ias Company, the l!eech\\;tli. even anion*; the sturdy sons of the forest with wiiom he was ii.s,sociated. Ketuniin;; fioin New Pirunswick to liis native pro\iiice, he settled down on a farm which he has since ma; of Princetown and was returned with a <;o

uiini; one parliament- ary term of four years he held the jN»sition of S|)eakei', and discharj^ed the iluties of that honouralile ottice in such a manner as to elicit the commendation of Initli friends and opj)onents. He retiretl fioni the assemlily only to take a step in advance to a chair in the legislative council. That ImkIv was made elective in lS(»i', and the Hrst distiict of Queen s county chose Mr. Mont- jLfomery as its representative for the first time. In this election he received the largest proj)erty ownei*s' vote ever <;iven up to that time for any candidate in the jnovince. He was elected to the speakership in the tirst session of his meiii- l)ership in the council, this it.self Iteinj,' a mark- ed tribute to the esteem in which he was held as a well-tried and impartial pul>lic repiesenta- tive. In a suhseipient election he was retuined I»y the ]>eople hy acclamation, and was aujain chosen Speaker with e<|ual unanimity hy his fellow-memljers of the House. The Ihhiouis he thus enjoyed he continued to receive until March, 1S7-}-, when he i'esi<;ned, l>ecause in the mean- time he hale position of Senator of the ])ominion of Canada. Mr. Montjiomeiy was called to the Senate amoiiu the tii-st apjK>inten his letiremeiit from the lej^islative council, the nieml»ers, with- out distinction of ]>arty, united in ])resentiiiix him with an address of thanks for his ahle and imjiartial conduct in the chair, accomjianyinu' their testimonial with the presentation of a handsome est int^'rest of the coun- trv. Notwithstanding his advance in vears. t - Mh»- PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 313 Mr. Mimt;;oim'ry seems to lu' one of those men who never ;;row ohl. lieyond h sH<;ht fiiiUnji in the orj^ans of hearinj; and sijjht, such as aff«'cts men of youn;,'ei- years, he sliows no si<;n of l)ein^ older now than when twenty years aifo lie tiixt cam»' uj) to tlie capital to take |>art in mouhlin^ the iejjislation of the country. Senator Montj^omery has iM-en twice married, tirst in \X'^^^ to Miss Ann Murray, a native of Prince F]«lward fslancl, who died in April, iHo", and, second time, to Louisa, relict of the late Lawrence W. (lall. The seconroud the skatinj; rink, the Victoria hotel, and .John l»oyd. ' The rink and the hotel wt-ic tine institutions in their way, no douht, hut if tine natuial jjeniu.s, itidomitahle enerjiy nnd jK'iseverance, the motive jH)\ver of succes.sful enterj)rise, liU'rality of opinion, Doundless chai'itv and ^liment cliieHy for the hon. .senator from the capital of New Brunswick, with whose affaiis, iMith city and pro\ince, Mr. Boyd has In^en intimately asso- ciated durinji the past forty years. Col. H. H. Con well, the historian of the jjreat tire in St. •lohn (1S77), says : •' Mr. I'oyd presents one of tiiose examples of steiliuj; business inteeen obtained by steady and careful iiulustry, comb'ined with an eminent desire, everywhere apparent in his acts, to l)e useful to his nei;L,'libors and country- men. He has a brilliant ;;enius which tits him f(»r any position^ and a happy, ;jenial manner in his intercoui'se with stranjjers which secures them at once as life frieiuls.' What has been said aljove will fjive a fair idea of tlie character of the fjentleman who forms tl'.e subject of this ni>tice, and an account of whose careei" is worthy a prominent place in any work of Can- adian bio;;raphy. John Bi>yd was lM)rn at Maj^herafeit, county Derry, Trelaiul, September "iStli, 1S"26, his j)arents lieinjj; James and Mar- garet (Linn) Boyd, the fitrmer descended from an (»ld family of Scottish Covenanters who, at an early period, had settled in the north of Ireland, and the latter of Dutch descent. The fathei- die«l when John was only Hve years of ige, and shortly after he and his younger l)ro- ther (James Smyth) were brought to America by their wid(»wed mother, wlio settled in St. John. The subject of our sketch attended .sch(M»l until he wius eleven years of age. when he entered the mercantile e.stablishment of Holdswnrth it Daniel, and this was the com- mencenjent of his ])henomenally succes.sful busine.s.s career. He In-gan at the l)Ottt»m of the ladder, but step by step he aiii.se, until in \^^yl he was tjiken in as a partner, and for a innuU'r of years {wtst he luus Ikhmi at the he.ul of the tirm, now so well known under the title of Daniel iV Jjoyd. In the great tire which devasUited the city ir\ 1)^77, Mr. Boyd suttere*! very heavy loss, Iwitii his warehousi' and his U'autiful residence, one of the most elegant and noticeable in the city, together with the many rar-e and valualile works of art, statuary, i>aint- ings, engraving.s, etc., which it contained, Ix'- sides one of the finest private librari»'s in the Dominion, In-ing entirely consumele of years after. Fiom his very youth, Mr. Boyd tre.sent day he has Iwen one of the foremost mt-n in every j>olitical and connnercial movement in which the interests of his own city and province \(!»'re in- volved. Throughout all the changes which have taken place since he tirst ajipeared pul)- licly resent Lieutenant-(}overnor of New Brunswick, Sir S. L. Tilley. Indeed, for years they were known under the .sobri(|uet of the Siame.se twins ; and to the effiirts of these two men may In* hirgely iLscrilnnl, so far as New Brunswick is concerned, the ultimate results of Rcsjionsible (rovernment. Confederation, and the National Policy. In June, 1S6-"). Mr. Boyd was a delegate at the Detroit Convention of the Been first ii the movement for the construction of a railway l)etween St. John arid Bangoi-, Me., and his rejKtrton this subject, adopted and printed by the Boai'd of Traintetl by the Dominion Govern- ment as one »»f the arbitrators to dispose of the differences which existefl V)etween the Domin- ion and Nova Scotia, respecting the value of the [)ublic buildings in the province. His col- leagui" was James Duffu.s, of Halifax, who acted on l)ehalf nf Nova Scotia, and the result of their efforts was the adjustment of the diffi culty in a manner perfectly siiti.sfactoiT to both goverinnents. It will easily lie understofKl that Mr. Boyd, tilling such a prominent part as he did in public affairs, would l)e chosen for public honoui-s ; again and again was he pres.sed to jiccept pol'^.cal prefennent, but as often he de- clined, iiig to business considerations; and wh" iri February, 1M79, he was appointed to the Dominion Senate, it was entirely without his knowledge or solicitation. It is .scarcely necessary tt» say that in that high delilierative IkkIv he I 1 vays performed his duties faith- fully and well. But there is another feature in Sir. Hoyds characteristics, and that by no means the leiust inijxtrtant — his life-long zeal in promoting the cau.se of education. His inter- est in this was shown from his lH»yh(MKl, and from the time he arrived at a mature enough age he took a leading j)lace in connection with scIi(K>l matters. Foi* a long peri(Kl he was a tiu.stee of the St. John grammar sc1hm>1, and for seventeen years he tilled the po.sitiV an Hctivf jiart in the (Ifl)atiiij; ami liteiaiv «lut)s, WiLs one of the ni<»st faithful wurkiM-s in the Herkelcy-st. MetlitKlist chuitli. with which he has In'eM ik an (<.ti\e j>art in jiolitics also. He was one of the foundei-s and the treasurer of the Voun<; Men's Consei\ative Association, formed in \f^lf<, and which t, and at once l)ecame a meml)er of the tirm with whom lie studied, where he continued until lH,s;i, when he established an ottice of his own. His excel- lent connection, and the reputation he had already won, hrouf^ht him ample jiractice, and his business-like, methcKlical habits, his sound judj^ment an<; know led<;e of his profession, en- abled him to hold his business and constantly to add to his dientaj^e. In July, IS84, he was joined professionally by Mj-. Frank E. Hecame known, the Conservatives of the riding at (mce l)egan to cast alniut for a good man t«t succeecl him. There \v>is no lack of ma teiial, for the nomination of the f>arty conven- tion was known to be equivalent to election. The choice fell u]»on Mr. Coat: worth, who had l>een Piesident of the C<»nservaiive Association of St. Davids Ward. The Liberals nominated their very strongest man, 3fr. Alexander Wheeler, who worked night and day throughout the campaign, backed by the whole machinery of his party. The Liberals confidently looked for a great ren of the Conservative ma- jority, but the result showed that their candi- date wjis over 1,400 votes l)ehind in the race. These figures are eloquent of Mr. Coatsworth's peisorial popularity in the city in which he was Ijorn and where he has spent his life. The country and the House have not yet had the op- portunity to judge what figure Mr. Ccmtsworth will make as a legislator, but high expectations ai-e formed of him by his friends. He brings to the consideration of public affairs knowle«lge gained l>v the study of men as welhus the study ot IwHiks. He has travelled tliroui'hout nearly the whole of Canada, and has seen mucii also of . the I'nited States and of EurojM'. On the plat- ' form, he is a clear and forcible sjwaker, show ing those qualities which should make him strong in the discussion of (piestions in the House. Mr. I Cojitswortii i.s, in religious persuasion, a member of the MethiKlist Church, in which he holds many offices of trust. He is a member of : several secret societies, including the Indejjend- ent Order of Foresters, the Sons of England, and the I.,oyal Orange Society. Mr. Coats- worth was married on the lOtli September, iM.s:}, to Miss Helen Robertson, of DeCew Falls, Ont., and their family consists of two children. JOHN BATTLE, Thn-oM, Ont. ON February l>r)th, 1S91, theie dieected. He was liorn at Ballymote, county of Sligo, Ireland, February 2iid, 1N24, his parents lieing John Battle and his wife, Bridget, whose maiden name was Healey. Of his youthful days little can be said further than that he plotlded along in his native land until he was about eighteen years of age, when he emigrated to this country, whither his father had preceded him some two years previously. In 1842, he settled in Thorold, and theie, with the excejition of one year, spent in St. Catha- rines, he lived the remainder of his life. He fii-st went to work as a day laliourer on the second Welland canal then in cf)iirse of construction. For this he received the munificent wages cjf five York shillings (62i cents) per diem. In spite of many discouragements he worked on steadily, and in due time had saved enough money to pur- chase a team of horses, which he employed tow- ■r- I t JOHN BATTLE, Thorold, Ont. •Mf< r ROM I \ EXT MEX OF C AX A DA. itijt; vessels alunj^ the canal. To the lii'dt team lie soon lulded a second, and thus he kept in- creasing iiis facilities until he became known as the owner of an important towin*;; line, a fact which, in those palmy days of canal tratJic, indi- cated that John Battle was on the high road to success. Froiii towing vessels along the caiial, he accjuired an interest in the vessels themselves, and early in "the sixties "' h<> was the owner of a nunilwr of schooners and tugs, with whicli ho did a large and successful business. Bat the time was rapidly coming whca t!ic s'lippin;^- interest would have to give plac;^' to that of the railways, and Mr. Battle was shrewd enougli to dispose of his ve; sel property before the c!iange cam;' and give his attention to other lines of commerce. Probably the most impoit.mt enter- jiiise in which he then engaged was t'.ie pur- c'lase of the cemeut mills, whicli had been «twn- ('(1 and operated by t!ie late John Brown, a well- known contractor. The latter had utilized the mills in connection only with his own contr-ncts, but Mi-. Battle saw great possibilities in work- ing them on a larger scale, and with his usual confidence he embarked in the enterprise. How he succeeded is well known ; the industry l)e came an important one, and for years the Tho- r<y Messrs, Bat- tle and Fraser in partnership, but in the follow- ing yeai- the former became sole proprietor, and it Mas under his skilful management that the business grew to such large proportions. But while working haid for himself he was mjt un- mindful of the general interest ; it was almost entirely owing to his exertions that a branch of the Canadian Bank (»f Commerce was established in Thorold, and he afterwards became a large stockholder in that institution and also one of t!ic chief promoters of tlie Niagara Cas- ket and Coffin Co., the location of which in Thorold was brought about chiefly by his action. Throughout his business career he was knewn for his sterling integrity and straightforward dealing ; by nature and disposition he was kind- hearted and generous, and personally he was held in the highest regard by many warm friends. Vuv public honours he did not care, and he always refused to allow himself to be put forward in that cimnection, though in mu- nicipal afl'airs, as well as in the wider tieid of Provincial and Dominion politics, he exercised a p M'ful influence in his immediate locality. From the time of the inauguration of the National Policy, by Sir John A. Macd »nald, he was always a strong suppoi'ter .if th' Liberal- Conservative l)arty in Dominion contests. In religion he was a Roman Catholic, having been born and brought up in tliat faith, ivud he was always a liberal contribute)!- to the church and her institutions. As marking the respect in which Mr. Battle was held in Thorold, we may here quote the following resolution pa-.setl by the Town Council after his death : "Moved by William Williams, seconded by William (iearin,— That this Council desiie to express their sin- cere sorrow and profound regret at the loss which this corporation lias sustained through tlie death of Mr. John Battle, who was one of the pior.cers of our town, and who lias lieenonc of our most progrfssive ami pul - lie-spirited men, alwaya rcadv toatt^ist every worlhy enterprise that would 1 cr.clit the conimunily. We feel that in the death of Mr. Cattle litis town lcs.es a valued and wortliy < itizeii ; and we extend to Mrti John Battle and family our heartfelt sympathy in thia their sad bereavement, au they lose a kind husband and an affectionate father." In the old town of Niagaia, on December 27tli, IS.")!, Mr. Battle married Cecilia, divugi.- ter (if the late Patrick Cullen. Tlu^ result ( f this unif pi-incipal of the schusiness, while his sterling in- tegrity has earned for him the unbounded con- fidence of his employei-s. Mr. Cameron has always been a Reformer in politics, though he does not mix himself up in party contests. He is a member of the Presbyterian b(xly, and at various times has been on the board of management of Knox and Central churches, with the latter of wiiich he is now connected. Mr. Cameron has seen a great deal of the world, having travelled extensively throughout Canada and the L^nited States, and has also visited Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, Holland and the British Isles. Being a man of keen observation and gifted with a retentive memory, his mind is well stored with information regarding these countries. In 1858, he married Harriet Ann, only daughter of the late Thomas Putnam, J.P., of Dorchester township, whose family figured as supporters of William Lyon McKenzie in the rebellion of 1837. One of his brothers, who was known as "General " Putnam, was shot while leading a detachment of the rebels at Windsor. In private life Mr. Cameron is held in the highest esteen. Among his acquaintances he is known as a genial, warm-hearted friend, gener- ous in disposition, and one whose charitable nature is never appealed tt) in vain. He is a worthy member of the St. Andrew's Benevolent Society, with which he has been connected since coming to Hamilton. HEBRON HARRIS, Ottniin, Out. IN Canada at the present time there is not any sentiment that appears to so generally prevail as the feeling of satisfaction with which its j)eople of the present generation regard their present condition, whethei' viewed from a j)oli- tical, material, educational, oi- nioial stanle throughout the civilized world. In everything that constitutes true greatness, her foundations have Iteen laid broad and deep, and the careful examination of her present condition clearly reveals the fact that she p(»s.sesses all the elements necessary to in- sure the future of her national existence. Now, while this is very gratifying, it in itself demands investigation ; success in the life of the state, not less than in the career of the individual, can only lie achieved by the application of the pro- per means to secure the end desii-t'd, and if we are to profit by experience, and thereby l>e en- abled to mould our policy so to direct the af- fairs of state as to iiisure continued gi-owth and development, it is imperative that we should carefully examine the past, and thus intelligently Jiscertain what ai*e the true causes of all the blessings and advantages we enjoy to-dav. While considering this subject, due weight must be given to the superior physical condition which naturally exists throughout iae country, it l)eing an indisputable fact that Canada can priKluce within her own confines everything neces.sary for the subsistence aiul comfort <»f the human family in gi-eat profusion, and that in her inland seas and great rivers she has to hand highways for the interchange of prcnlucts that are of incalculal>ie value to her jn^ople. But it is not alone to any advantages of a ma- terial chaiacter that the Dominion owes her pre- sent enviable p<»siti(tn, and it is now acknow- ledged l)y all candid students of Canadian his- tory that the most jiotent influence, the real cause of the satisfactory condition existing at the present, is to be found in the capacity and character of the noble pioneers who in the early days carried on the busitiess, created her insti- r 4 PKOMINEXT MEN OF CANADA. 321 tutions, moulded her history, and a careful j)er- ushI of tlieir laws, aiul the circuiustances with which they were surrounded, uiuj)ly testify to the truth of the al»ove contention. While not wishinir to he invidious, or desirin;,' to In'little the work <)f any class or section in connection witli the eaily histoiy of the countiy, still the ahility, coura;i<', and endurance, and all that these (jualitics liii\e accomplished in t!i(^ lives i\.i\<^. work of the I'nited Kmi>ire l^iyalists, de- mar more than a jKissinii notice, foi- the an- naiS of history, ancient or medience W!us not founde<] in ri<;ht. Mr. Harris's grand- father was a native of New Hampshire, and in tile year 177"^ left the place of his liirth and all his worldly jMissessions, and with his family came to Canada, and settled in the township of ( )x- ford, in the county of (iien\ille, then an un- hroken foi-est, and uninhahited .sjive hy Indians, for he was the (irst white sett ler in that loiality. and here it may l)e mentioned that one of the grt'at henetits these men conferred on their coun- try was the manner in which they treated the Indian. Bra\e men are rarely cruel, and tlitse men pro\ed no exception to the ruK-; they made allowance for the untutored sa\age, and l)y pre- cept and example succeeded in winning the re- spe«t and alVection of this then numerous ImkIv, and therehy remo\cd one gr«'at cause of anxiety, the existeni-e of wliich would haxc done nuuh to retard settlement. Mr. Harris's father, He- hron Hai'i'is, was oidy six years of age when he came to Canada, and when he grew up engaged in farming and i-ontiacting. H«' was a man of great enei-gy. and was among the first who t(Mik lafts from the < Htawa to Quel tec : this was long Iwfor*' the Bideau Canal was huilt. and they were forced to team it ai-ross the Portage, it iM'ing found imjM»ssihle to run the Kalh. In 1 Srj his father volunteered for the defence of his country, and was placed in command of a company stationed at Point Hockway, helow Pi'escott, where they opposed the crossing of the Americans ; and latei' on, in spite of the almost impas.sahle roads, he and his two sons wei-e acti\('ly engaged in the hattle of the Windmill. Mr. Harris's father had moved to Burritt s Bapids, and there remained until after the Bideau Canal was huilt, when he moved to Marl- horo", three miles from Kempville, and thi'rt' re- nmined to live until his death, at the age of (58 years. Possihly no one ever had a more tho- rough exjHjrience of pioneer life, or knew from -♦♦H OO •♦♦- 4 322 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. iu-tnal f'xperiencp iill th«' hardships incident tlit'ifto. Hoads thfit' wciv imnt', and in (»rd»'r tu ]>rr meal he was finfcd to <;o all the way to Maitlanr, icrandfather I^une i)eiMe- cialty ri<,'ht, and the success of the Con- servative |>arty in the Ottawa valley liiis Ikhmi larju'ly due to the «|uiet, eflective work he has done. Ml-. Hairis has twice crossed the Atlantic, an thoroujfhiy identified himself with the people aiul took an active part in all public movements calculated to advance their int+'rests. In iST'i. he suc- ceeded in founding the AxHwinfimi Sf. .Iinti- /{it/ifi.'tfi' '/<' .Miniitohii, on the same lines as similar societies are organized in Quelx-c. The society is designed to unite the French Canadians for the advaticemeiit of their race and ace for the county of Sflkirk. ^Ir. La liiviere acted as tiie corres- pondent of La Minervf, the leadinj,' Consei-vative Kiencli paj)er in the Province of (Juelwc, and his letters desciii)tive of life and events in Manitoha attracted wide attention amon<; his compatiiots in the Province of Quehec and else- whei-e. In 1N7">, he left his position in the public service to devote himself to tlie work on Li Metis. H weekly newspaper which he after- wards i:amed Li M/iii, and which <;a\t' excellent promise of success. The editorship of this jouinal natuially j^ave him <^ieater [>romin- ence and influence. In 1874, he had unsuccess- fully contested Ste. Annes for the Le<,'islative Assembly of the picivince, liut the time of liis success in public life was rajiidly approaching. In the "general election of 1S78, he wa.s elected foi- St. Honiface by acclamation, a marked pioof of his popularity amonj; his own people who formed then, as they still do, the vast majority in this ridinj;. Another ;.'eneral election was held in 1871', in which Mr. La Hiviere wasa>,'ain successful. In 1881, he was oHeied and accepted the portfoli() of piovincial .secretaiy in the ad- miiiistration of the late Hon. John Nor(juay. The superintendency of education foi' the Roman Catholic schtHtls he held fronj 1878 to 1881, when he iesi<;ned to enter the Cabinet. < )n submittin<; himself to the judgment of his constituent.s, after accepting office, he was re- turned by acclamation. In the general election of l88-_*, he was again re-elected, and in that of 188(1, theie was no opposition to his return. After holding the oflice of provincial secretary for about two years, he was appointed minister of agriculture, statistics and health, on the (ith of Sei>temhei', 1883. On the 27th of August, 1880, he reliiKiuisiied tliis oflice to accept that of provincial trearsurer, v.hich he held until he retired in December, 1887. As a minister of the Crown in his adopted province, Mr. La Kiviere manifested the same j)ublic sj)irit and energy which hiul characterized his actions in less important offices and in private life. Sitme of the most important statutes of Manitoba owe their existence to him. He drafted, and carried through, the ci\il service act and a new elections act, under which the ballot was introduced in Manitoba. He is the author also of the laws li'lating to the intei'nal economy of the legisla- tui". As minister of agiiculture, he prepared and .'arried throuifli the H most useful ever established in Maiutoba. Not con- tent with bringing it int() existence, Mr. F^a Hiviere gave nuich attention to the work a.ssigued to it, es[)ecially to the liolding of an- nual provincial exhibitions, whi«h, under his administration, weie uniforndy successful and of incalculable iienetit to theagiicultural interest, and thus, of couise, to the wlude pid\ince. L'nder the ausjtices of the general society, electoial division societies were organized, which gave the institution the biiiad, democratic basis necessary for the successful cariying out of its work. As prt»vincial treasurer, Mr. Jji Riviere was instrumental in having the laws lelating to that department consolidated, with amend- ments in several imjuirtant particulars. Mr. Li I\iviere's retirement from ottice was brought alM)Ut by peculiar circumstances. As provincial ti'easui'er, it was his duty to effect the exchange of the bonds of the province voted to the Hud- sons Bay Railway Company as a subsidy for the company "s Dominion land grant, which was l)eing handed ovei- to the jirovince in exchange. On conferring with the late Premiei" of the Dominion, in February, 1887, Mr. La Riviere was told that it wnuid be unnecessary to wait until tln' land-grant papers weie made out, that the ])iovincial bonds might be handed o\cr lo the company at once and the 'itliers recei\ed by the province when the ofhcials had prepared them. Not doubting the Premiei s authority, Mr. Li Riviere released the bonds, but when, in December of the same year he mentioned the matter to Sir .luhn, that gentleman denied all knowledge of the arrangement. On retuining home, Air. La Riviere explained the case to his chief, the late Hon. John Norjuay, and, accept- ing the whole responsibility, ottered his lesigna- tion. Mr. Nor<|uay bluntly declared himself will- ing to share the i-esjionsibility of the error, and m>t only that, but insisted that if Mi'. I^i liiviere retired he would retii-e als<». As Mr. Li Riviere was determined not to allow his mistake to i>re- judice the interests of his friends, and persi.sted in his purjjose of retiring, his action led to the resignation of the Government, to be leplaced by the short-lived administration of Dr. Har- rison, and subsecjuently of that of Mr. Greenway. On the resignation of the Hon. Josejih Royal, as M.P. for Provencher, to accept the oflice of Lieutenant-Governor of the North-West Terri- tories, Mr. La Riviere was named for the seat and elected by a large majority. The election was hehl in January, 188'J. He was re-electetl by acclamation for the same constituency in the geneial election of 1891. In the House of Com- mons Mr. La I'iviere is recognized as the PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. Sir. T. A. SHORE, Ottan-a, Out. sj»«)kesman for a very iinp«»rtunt class — tlie | Fit'iieli Ciinadians of Maiiits himself tliorouglily in touch with the j>eople, not only throiijjh Li- Mditltohn, \ of which he still remains editor, hut l»y means of corresjM»n(lence with persons in all parts of the West. In the House he sp'aks hut seldom, I hut is always listened to with respect hy mem- | Ihms on Ixith sides. He has a perfect connnand I of Entjlish as well as of French, and, like the | majority of French-Canadian M.P.s, uses Enj;- lish as a rule in addressing,' the House, U'cause he thus makes himself undei-stlition of the privileges of the French- Canadian race in the North-West, and lM)th in the House antl out of it against the movement which culminated in the aljolition of Roman Catholic separat*' schctols m the jirovince. In general jxtlitical nuittei-s, Mr. T.«i Riviere is an ardent Liheial-Conservative, and a thorough be- liever in the principle emlMidied in the National P<.licy. In 1SG7, the Hon. Mr. Lji Riviere married Marie Melvina Bourdeau, of Ljiprairie, V.^i; who dien in the light of the pi-esent day. Hart Almeiiin Massey was Ixuii in an old-fashioneil log caliin on his fathers farm, township of Haldimand, county of Northuml)er- lanth ilay of April, ISi'.S, U'ing the second oKlest of ten children anil the oidy surviving sun, his younger hrothei-, Wil- liam AllM-rt, having dieil at the age of 17. Two of his sisters are still living. His parents weie Daniel and Lucena (Bradley) Ma.s.sey. I)ani«'l Massey, his father, was Immii in Windsor, Ver- mont, Feb. '-Uth, I7!»S. His grandfather, Dan- iel Ma.ssey, was horn Dec. 12th, 1 TtUi. His great grandfather. Daniel Massey, waslxnn July ()th, 1747, at Salem, New Hampshire, a des- cendant without doubt of Israel Massey, ances- tor of John Massev, who was among the early Puritan arrivals, and of old English stock. The grandfather of our subject moved to Water- t.iwn, N.Y., from Windsor, Vt., alx.ut ISOO, with his family, and soon after removed to Can- ada, settling in the township of Haldimand, near Grafton, Ont., and to<(k up farming. From this place he sent his younger son, Daniel, jr., back to Watertown to com[»lete his education, returning fnmi whence to Caniula in l!S07, he went to work with his father on his ex- tensive faim, where a large uuhiImm' of hands were employed. Uii the breaking out of the war in 1812, the boy, Daniel (who becaine the lather of Hart Almenin, and a glimp.se of whose life is necessary to comjilete our bio- graphical sketch), being then oidy a lad of 13 yeais, was called u{K»n to take the charge and management of the faiin and homestead, a j)osition (»f heavy trust for such young hand.s, and few boys of his age wtmid have tilled it, as his father wjis then engaged in the .ser- vice for the defence of his adopted country. On his return from the war no fault was to l)e found with the management of the youthful farmer. When 19 yeai-s of age, Daniel entered into an agreement with his father to tVtrfeit all claims to his share in the estate if he would give him his time till he l)ecaine of age, so great was his ambition to do for himself. Tn this his father concuried, and so succes.sful was he that within two years he had made foi' himself a home, owning a farm, being then only 22 years ot" age. From this time forward Daniel turned his attention to the purchasing and clearing of wild lands, employing at times alxmt 100 hands in clearing 1,200 acies of timln-r. While act ing in this lapacity, with his shiewdness not only as manager of his farm and in all other matters pertaining to his welfare, he kept a keen l(M>k out for the most available men, and ius the mtnle of travel at that time was not as it is nent on the old Massey faim in iiaUlimand township, some of whom are now occupying j^msitions of trust or have amassed considerable wealth since their arrival heie. As a rewaril of his effort.s, he sther implements for his own use, which tf furtlierinj^ his father's interests on the farm, wjis fre(|uently called into service, and was sent once a week to the ;^rist mill, some four miles distant, with l)a;;s of j^rain as- tiide his horse's hack, hrinj^inj; hack the Hour, no roads at that time In-in"; constructed. When aUmt 10 years of ai^e, tlu' nearest market to the homestead heinj; ColMfur*;, seven miles di.s- tant, Hart, in chiri^e of two teams of oxen, to'fk the jjrain to market, received its value and liioujiht home the money, this hi-iiiji in the winter .'efore him. Here his i-onnnon s>^-hoi»l education was tinished. While at Watertown he heljH'd to defray his ex|)en.ses i)y workin;^ with relatives on a farm at oO cents per day. During the winters of his 17th and iSth years, he havinir returned t<» Canada, he jirocuied the loan of a team of horses from his father, and with the.se he worked ill the woikIs anionjr the lumliermen, wlieie he was placed in charge of a gaiig of teams, and none hut the strongest amhition cfiuld have in- duced a youth to voluntarily entei* upon such a life. At lit he In'gan a course at Victoria Col- lege, Colmurg, jiaying his exjienses the first year hy cutting wor had imported in repair. While in this em])lny he developed, to the great satisfaction of his fathei", his natural ahilities as a manager of men. re- sulting in great profit to the important enter- [iiises afterwards engaged in. On leaving col- lege in 1844, Mr. Ma.s.sey was given charge of his fathers extensive f.irm, which was known as the largest and l)est cultivated farm in that s.'ction of country. Durinjf tli" summer months he was engaged in his ('utie.-, on the farm, and, with an inspiration to get on in the world, devoted the fall and winter to school tt'aching. Tn 1S47, on the removal of his father to New- castle, he, with his newly-found wife, settled er and mower (manual tleliveiy) marked the next step onward. In 18()1 the manufacture of the cele- brated WoikIs' mower was liegun, and the re- nowned Woods" self-rake reaj>er made its ap- pearance in 18(5.3 (the Hi-st self-rake harvester made in the Dominion). The demand for farm labour saving machinery continuing to be much greater than the supply, the works were extended and improved from year to year, and in 18(54 the industry had grown to one of great importance to the community. It was in this year that the pluck and courage of Mr. Massey were put to a most .severe test. On the 2!»th of March, when the storehouses were tilled with tinished ma chines leady for harvest, and the works crowded with material in jirocess of making, the entire plant was swept away hy tire, nothing but a few patterns being .saved. This blow was en<»ugh to have discouraged most men, but with accus- tomed push and indomitable energy, as fast as building materials could be procured the peo- ple of the community giving him much encour- agement — new and l)etter works were soon erected and the business continued on a much more extensive scale than liefore. Mi'. Massey's Woods' niower and self-rake leaper were select- ed by a committee appointed by the Govern- ment, and ordered from him to represent Can- adian manufactures at the Paris Exposition in 1867, where they obtained the highest gold medal awaitl. In 1869 the Ithaca steel tooth wheel rake — the first auton^atic dump hor.se- rake built in British America, was placeil on the market. In 1871, seeing his health failing, he removed to Cleveland, Oliio, leaving the t r J. PROM I NEXT MEX OF CANADA. :V29 Inisiiiess in charg«' of his son, Charles AHjert, tlu'ii 2.'5 years of aye. In tlie year previous, on the 27th of SepteniJxM', the husiness v\as incor- jMirateer and Mower Co., which resulted in douhlinj.^ the volume of husiness, and necessitated a further extension of huildinjjs and ])lant. AlM»ut this time, Mr. Massey, reco<;nizine in the history of the Massey Manufactur- inrdinary gi'owth of this great industrial enterprise niay lie gath- ered from the following facts :— In 1847 oidy a few dozen odd implements were manufactured In 1857, 166 machines and implements, and a large numl)er of small tools were made. In 1867, 544 machines and implements, and in addition some contracts for milling machinery were <'ompleted. In 1877, L*,018 machines. Tn 1887, 8.8.') 1 machines, and in lsl»(). 1.-1.499 ma- chines. Thus, in a rough way, the output may Ih- sjiid to ha\e very nearly <|uaany, (Ltd.). with a capital of 85,000,00U. Follow- ing this amalgamation, the businesses of the Pattei-son A' Hro. Co. (Ltil.), of WtMnlstock, manufacturers of harvesting ma' hinery, and .J. O. Wisner, Son it Company, of Brjintford, manufacturers of seeders, drills, etc., were pur- chased by Massey-Harris Co. (Lts, daughter of Chester P. Phelps, of (rlovei-sville, N.Y. Some idea may Ih* had of the metluKls of courtship in those early days when we notice that Mi-. Mius.sey, in mak- ing a visit to the girl of his choice (luring the winter preceding his marriage, travelled a dis- tance of over .'WO miles, diiving the whole di.s- tiince in a sleigh, the facilities for travel at that time l)eing v^Ty meagre. Six children in all have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Massey, three T Vf. -L 330 riiOMINENT MEN OF CANADA. of wliiun are now dead, (ieorj^e W'eiitworth died in infancy, and Charles AU)ert, tiefore nifiitioned, was stricken down just at the time wlieii he .seemet'cti\ely treasurer and assist- ant general managei <»f Massey-Harris Co. (Lttl.) Mr. Massey is a life-long meiiilM-r of the Methitdist Church, having tilled all utHcial jMisitions in connection therewith. As he l)e- cKines ])ossessed with the means, he l»usies him- self with seekinjf «»j)jM)rtunities for a wise and careful distribution of the proceeds of his in- dustry. MARTIN 0(JARA, C^.C, tftnni, Otit. MARTIN OOARA, Q.C., LL.B., Police Mag- istrate of the City of Ottawa, was lM>rn at Kilniore, County Mayo, Ireland, Octobei- "iSth, ls:»(). He was one of a family of six children, his parents l)eing Patrick (XJaia, a prosperous farmei-, and his wife Catharine, whose maiden name was Duft'y. Martin, while always of a studious disjM»sition, was in his youth s[)ecially fortunate in l)eing afforded the facilities for ac- (juiring an excellent English and classical e. There Mr. MacTavish, Sr., took u[) land and went into farming. In this vocation he continued until his death in lSl»:7. The subject of our sketch, who was the young- est of a family of six children, received his piimarv education at 'Jie |)ublic school, and sub- seciuently attended tne high schools in Ottav»a and Metcalfe. After leaving the last-named institution, he passed to Queen's Univei-sity. Kingston, where he graduated in 1871, and took his M.A. degree two years later. Having made choice of the law as his piofe.ssion, he studied foi' a time with Rol)eit Cassels, the present registrar of the supreme court at Ottawa, and afterwards in the office of Messrs. Mowat, McLennan A Downie, at Toronto. He was called to the bar in 1>'77, and in the follow- ing year opened an office in Ottawa, where he soon succeefled in establishing a successful prac- tice. After a time he ti. i. DUNCAN B. MACTAVISH, M.A., Q.C., Ottawa, Ont. ^ 332 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. pointed in 1882, as successor to the late Horace Lrfvpierre, anfl the duties of w hich he has ful- filled with satisfaction to the corporation. On the 3rd January, 1890, he vas made a Q.C. by the Ontario Government. Throughout his practice Mr. MacTavish has hsul the reputation of l)ein<,' a sound and well-read lawyer, and gives promise of reaching stil! greater eminence in the profession to which he is enthusiastically devoted. In nmnicipal affaii-s, owing to his official positi(»i>, he has not taken any le;uling part, thougli in the wider field of j)rovinci; d Dominion politics he has l)een an activ dm- paigner in his native county for the car ! ,es of the Lilwral party, to whose principlt ■ is ardently attached. Mr. MacTavish is a worthy memlier of the Masonic fraternity, which he joined in Kingston some twenty years ago ; he is also a member of the St. Andrews Benevo- lent Society, of Ottawa. In religion, he is a Presl)yte!ian, and an elder of the Stewarton Presbyterian Church. In 1886, Mr. MacTavish niari'ied P'iora, daughter of the latoWm. Stewart, of Ottawa. Mrs. MacTavish is a descendant of the Stewarts of Appin. Her father, who came to Canada many years ago, was one of the fore- nH)st men in the Ottawa valley, and for a long penod represented Bytown and the county of Russell in the okl parliament of Canada. Per- sonally, Mr. MacTavish is a gentleman of most genial disposition, affable and courteous in man- ner, and held in high regard by a large circle of friends. JOHN MILNE, Ha mil foil, Out. OF the self-made men among the manufactur- ers of Ontario, John Milne, of the widely- known firm of Messrs. Burrow, Stewart it Milne, Hamilton, occupies a foremost place. Mr. Milne was Ikh-ii in Aberdeen, Scotland, January 22nd, 18.St). His parents were John and Elizaljeth (Mitchell) Milne, both natives of Aberdeenshii-e. The family came to Canada in May, 1854, and settled in Hamilton, where the father worked for some yeii rs at his trade, that of a olacksmith, aftei'wards removing to the United States and | settling in Illinois, where he remained up to i the time of his death. John, the subject of this sketch, whuesten, sister of tlie late Dr. Mc<^uesten, of Hamilton. One of the fruits of this union was Luther Demock Sawyer, who was l)orn at West Amesbury, Mass.. in IS'iG. As the youth grew up he aojuired a guiMl business education under the system which preyailed at that time, though aftei- leaving school he continued to pursue his stuilies diligently in private. In 1844, he en- tered the employ of the old firm of McQuesten it Co., Hamilton, manufacturers of threshing machines and stoves. Being jiossessed of gcxKl natural endowments, and having an aptitude for business, he pei-formed his duties so .satis- factorily that in 18.54 he was atlmittef L., S. i P. Sawyer. As principal, Mr. L. 1). Sawyer continuetl to direct tiic business for some years, until he Ixtught out the entire estiiblishment, and the tirm name l)e- came the one by which the greatest success was achieveil, that of L. D. Sawyer Jir Co. That success was phenomenal, and was for the most part due to the business energy and personal integrity of the leading member of the tirm. The business sn grew to large projxirtions, as may l»e understood from the fact that a eon- sideiable start", and a large Inxly of workmen, at times as many as l.")0, were kept constantly emj)loyed. In 1 888, after an e.xten.sive business connection, covei'ing a period of forty-four years, Mr. Sawyer sold his interest antl that of iiis jtartnei', Mr. Ames, to Messrs. Massey it Co., Toronto, by whom the works are still i*\)er- ated under the name and style of the Miissey- Sawyei' Manufacturing Company. Mr. Sawyers ideas were all of a pronounced business charac- ter, and, as a conse(juence, he always declined taking any part in civic affaii-s, though fivijuently importuned to do so by his friends and fellow- citizens. Politically, his syuniathies were always with the Reform party, but he never voted, not having taken out naturali-'.ation j)apers. In the year 18r)() Mr. Sawyer, feeling the want of re.st, retired with his family to fjowell, Mass., where he resided till Ills icturn to Hamilton in 1870, making occasional visits to the latter place in connection with the business, and before taking up his residence there again he, in the year 1875, t(X)k a trip in company with his brother-in-law, Mr. Jonathan Ames, to Central Ameiica, Arc. He and his family also spent .several sunnner sea.sons at Ocean Grove and Florida. Mrs. Sawyer died at St. Augustine, Fla., March, 1886, and Wcis brought to Hamilton for burial. Dur- ing his residence in Hamilton he only ttent and l>eneticial ; and when, in addit'on to the alxive, their instinct and education nere of a high, su{)erior character, they did much to elevate the social life of their respective localities, and in this connection might lie mentioned the gentle- man whose name is at the head (.f this sketch. Mr. Wilson is of Irish descent. His father, Hugh Wilson, one of the Wilsons of Tyrone, a family long resident in that county, came with his mother to Canada in 1815, and, receiving a government apjiointment, settled in St. Johns, in the Pir)vince of Quelt)ec. Z. Wilson was ix)rn in the jity of Mimtreal on the 7th March, 1819. He attended the public school in St. Johns, and at the early age of thirteen, being desirous of following a business career, he went to Montreal and there remained for a short time. Finding that a knowledge of the French language was necessary to his success in that city, he was .sent to Rev. Mr. Mignon's college at Chambly, and after spending a year at that institution he returned to Montreal. At the age of .seventeen he was sent to Bytown to take charge of the general store business of Howard i^' Thompson. Tn 1838 he went into business ill partnership with his brother, Hugh Laird Wil.son, and was largely engaged in the lumber ti-ade up to the year 18.^0. When Mr. Wilson tirst came U) Bytown he was a very young man, and the .small town of that date gave little promi.se of the prosperous and orderly city of to-day. The population numbered scarcely .3000 souls, and the numerous industries which now furnish proKtable employment to much cap'tal and labour, were then .scarcely in their infancy, and the very means used in carrying on the most important business in the district threat- ened to mar its future by rendering impossible the existence of the respectable element in the community. From 183.") to 1838, the "Shiners" nourished. These people, while not engaged on the river in coiniection with rafting timl>er the manufacture of lumber other than for local ccm- sumption being then almost unkn>)wn seemed to think that their distinct missicm was to insult and by acts of violence terrorise every one who did not belong to their organization ; and when it is rememl)ered that the lawle.ss ruffians far outnumbered the resident male population, it will lie easily seen how ineffectual individual effort would l)e in coping with this, the worst, as well as the largest, collection of scoundrels of which there is any record in Canada. The im- iimnity from punishment they for a long time enjoyed at last prompted them to the perpetra- tion of an act which resulted in their final ex- tinction. In a cowardly attack which they made on James Johnston, M.P., he was thrown over the Sapper's bridge in broad daylight, when, as if by magic, the respectable element rose en inasxf, rescued Mr. Johnston, and im- mediately formed vigilance conunittees wlu* continued to effectively p^-rform their duties until the last vestige of this terrible plague ha.ic Lodge, Ottawa. He was the first member of the T.O.O.F. in Ottawa, the first charter memlier of the first lodge there in connection with that body, and its first Noble (irrand. He has always been a Conservative, and, until he accepted his present position, was one of the most active and efficient workers to be found in the Ottawa district, and while not aspiring to office, was always to he found in the fighting line, ever willing, with his coun.sel and earnest efforts, to advance the principles he lie- lie ved be.st calculated to promot<' the general prospeiity of the country. Early in the forties, while still quite a young man, he wa.s on the executive committee, and did yeoman service for the Conservative candidate, the late W. H. Draper, and it was in this campaign that he first met the late Sir John A. Macdonald, when a friendship was formed which lasted throughout the entire life of that distinguished statesman. In religion h^ is an Episcopalian, and has al- ways taken an active interest in church wf)rk as well as in any movement that had for its object the moral or material improvement of the people. He has been a member of the select vestry, and has filled the office of churchwarden. In 18.'')0, he married Elizabeth Street, daughter of Cap- tain Street, R.N. By this union ti\ere are four -•-(>-• PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 337 children, one son and three daughters. Mr. Wilson is in the enjoyment of gtxxl health, and the lalx>urs of a busy life have not in the least impaired his intellectual faculties, and it is hoped that he will long continue to grace the society in which he has lived so long and by whom he is seri(Kl, so was it with the Stock family : haid work was the order of the day. In due time, how- ever, difficulties were overcome, and his brother John puroliased a farm of 75 acres in East Flamboro', which they worked together In 1840 Thomas s(»ld out to his brother and le- moved to the Western States, but a six months' residence there proved enough for him, and at the end of that periml he returned to Canada, got married, and once more settled in East Flamboro'. The property on which he settled still continues the family homestead, the posi- tion of which is perhaps the most desirable and commanding for many miles arctund. From that period until quite recently, when he retii-ed from farming, he was known as one of the most prominent and successful of Canadian agricul- turists and stock-lireeclers. In cattle-breeding he made a specialty of short-horns with highly successful results, and in grain-growing he has several times been awarded the Canada Com- pany's prize of SlOO for the best twt>nty-five bushel sample t>f fall wheat, l)esides once receiv- ing a medal at the Paris Exposition. Generally speaking, Mr. Stock has achieved a large mea- sure of success as a farmer, and by his energy and enthusiasm has flone much tu advance the condition and improve the methods of hus- bandry among his fellow-tillers of the soil. The societies for pronioting agriculture naturally have received at all times Mr. Stock's most cordial support ; while in every leading orga- nization ff the charming and hospitable way in which the members of the deputation were entertained bv the Governor-General and his most estimable Consort. With the Great Central Fair As.soci- ation of Hamilton he was closely allied since its inauguration, and has been one of its largest exhibitors. In municipal affairs he has taken an active part. In 1845, and the two succeed- ing years, he was deputy-reeve of East Flam- l)oro', representing the region in the old Gore District Council. Retiring in 1847 from the council, he was returned in 1859, this time as reeve, a position he occupied continuously until the close of the year 1 885. Altogether he served twenty-fight years in the county council, and during that pericxl was five times elected war- den, namely, in 1873, '74, '77, '79, and '80. In January, 1875, he was chosen by the Conserva- tives of North Wentworth as their candidate for representation in the Ontario Legislature and was elected by a majority of 28 over Rol)ert Cl)ristie ; but was subsequently unseated and (lis([ualified f»n a trivial breach of the election law. His case was a peculiar one, perhaps the most hard in the annals of Canadian elections, as he suffered the extreme penalty for having, by a misconception of the law, taken a glass of ale with .a friend on the evening of polling day. In 1 S78, he was a candidate in the Conservative interest, for a seat in the Dominion Parliament, but was defeated by the present sitting member, Mr. Bain. In connection with Mi'. Stock's political career it may be said that he was origi- nally a Baldwin Reformer and a sx^ong sup- porter of the late Hon. Robert Spence. Since ^Ir. Spences day he has always been a Conser- vative, and it was in recognition of his services to that party that in 1886 he was appiunted to the Customs CoUectorship of Dundas, a posi- tion which he fills with general acceptance. It is also worthy of note that Mr. Stock has taken an active interest in the Canadian Militia, and at the time of the Fenian raid of 1866 he and five of his sons drilled under the late Captain Henry, in the Waterdown company of volun- teers, then attached to the 13th Battalion. In religion he is a Presbyterian, and has always been a liberal supporter of that church. In 1841, Mr. Stock married Catharine, daughter of the late David Bastedo, of East Flamboro', in which township the latter settled in 1825. As issue of their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Stock had a family ^f eleven children, six sons and five daughters, of whom eight are living, namely, John T., County Treasurer of Wentworth ; (Jeorge, of Calgary, who is ranching and cattle dealing in the North-West ; David, who resides in Hamilton ; William and Charles, farmers in East Flaml)oro' ; Mrs. William Little, of Nelson township ; Mrs James B. Hay, of Brantford ; and Mrs. George Smith, of Rose Hill, of West Flaralxjro'. Mr. and Mrs. Stock are still in the enjoyment of excellent health, and had the plea- sure of entertahiing all their children and grand- children last Christmas Day, The old people, as well as all the members of their family, are universally respected and esteemed. F. C. SMYTHE, Off (lira, Oat. FREDERICK CHARLES SJilYTHE, Mus. Bac, Principal of the Canadian College of Mu.sic, was born in county Antrim, Ireland, in 1847. His father, James Sniythe, was an ex- tensive linen manufacturer in the old country. His mother, whose maiden name was Ann Staf- ford, was the daughter of Captain Stafford, an officer who fought under the Duke of Wellington all through the peninsular war. The subject of our sketch was educated at the Gracehill Academy and Trinity College, Dublin. At the latter he grao. Bac. in 1869. He had early shown a oeciiled preference foi- a musical career, and so brilliant were the talents he exhibited in his youth that, in 18rifl, at the agp. of nineteen, he was chosen successor to Dr. Chipp, on the recommendation of that distin- guished musician, as organist of St. (ieoi-ge's church, Belfast. This po.sition he filled with marked success until 1873, when he resigned it to accept that of organist of Si. James' church in the same city, in which capacity he officiated with the highest acceptance for a peri(Kl of six- teen years. Mr. Smythe's professional career in Belfast was eminently successful, a fact not less due to his enthusiastic devotion to his pro- fession, than to his fine natural ability. For ten years he was conductor of the Belfast choir, a celebrated musical organization, which, under his direction, produced forty-nine works entirely new to that city, and some of which had never l)efore been heard in the United Kingdom. He was also for a time organist of Ulster Hall, and his high standing is further attested by the fact that he was selected by the famous conductor, Henry Leslie, to prepare the chorus for the first concert at which Christine Nilsson appeared in Belfast, this being also her first appearance in Ireland. On this occasion, Sims Reeves and Foli were also among the performert*. Another event in which Mr. Smythe was the leadinr, -♦♦^ 1 k^ amm M 1^^ m,- 't , ^ ^ Hp ^Wr '■•■<'\l yj3 'vja r ''/- V • i^m ^MM^ -1^ ,__ • i FREDERICK C. SMYTHE, Ottawa, Ont. 340 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. tif^ure was the Jubilee military cimcert, in 18i;7, in aid of the Duke of Cambridge fund for disabled soUliei-s, which he conducted with gratifyinjj suc- cess. Ill 1889, he came to Caiuula, and shortly after his arrival he was offered and acceptwl the jKjsition of organist of Christ Church Cathedral. Montreal This he resigned at the end of a year to accept the princij>alship of the Canadian Musi- cal College, and the position of t»rganist in 8t. Andrew's Presbyterian church at the Dominion capitiil. Since his arrival at Ottawa he luus alst> been appointed conductor of the Philharmonic Sjuis, lje.sides holding i the premier place for seven years at the princi- 1 pal exhibitions in Canada. Five years ago the I cattle breeding was given up, and since that time J. W. Jardine has devoted most of his attention to the breeding of road horses ; at \ present he has a}M)ut twenty-five fine animals in i the stud. As may easily be inferred, Mr. Jar- dine has taken a leading interest in agricultural affairs. He was president of the Saltfleet Agricultural Society for two years, secretaiv- treasurei" of the same for a lengthy j)erioil, president of the South Wentworth Society, directer for .seven or eight years of the Hamil- ton Great Central Fair Associatit)n, and was a member of the Hamilton executive connnittee in connection with the Indian and Ct)lur daughtei"s, only one of whom is living. Mr. Jardine, sr., who was a very active and u.seful man in his time, letiied from farming some yeais ago on account of severe illness, and has been living in private ever since. The family has always been highly respected in the connininity, and Mr. J. W. Jardine is de.servedly one of the most j)0})ular men in the community in which he lives. JOSEPH W. JARDINE, Saltfleet, Out. -^♦^ ►(►^ 542 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. HON. EDWARD MURPHY, Montreal, Que. EDWARD MURPHY, J.P., Chevalier of the Sacretl and Military Order of the Holy Sepulchre, was born on July 26th, I81t<, in the County Carlow, Ireland, and came to Montreal in 1S24, with his parents and brothers, and tliere has since resided. Mr. Murphy claims a lineal descent from Donal Mor (or the great) <)' Murphy, a chieftain of considerable power and territory in the County Wexford, Ireland, tfini>. Henry VIII. In the reign of Edward VI. he and his sept were overcome, and, with a number of his clansmen, was attainted for resisting the encroachments of the "English Pale." A large jxjrtion of their ancient terri- tory, "The Murrows," comprising the present barony of Ballaghkeen in that county, was confiscated to the Crown, and granted to favourites in that and succeeding reigns. (See •' O'Hart's Irish Pedigrees," pp. 691 to 695, and state papers of sixteenth and seventeenth centuries). Mr. Murphy's family are related to the Sarstields, the O'Byrnes, Kavanaghs, Rudkins, Motleys and other families in the counties of Wexford, Carlow and Wicklow. His father, Daniel Murphy, of Ballyellen Mills, County Carlow, and his uncles were largely ('n''as:ed in business as corn merchants and millers, and they had an extensive trade with Wateiford and the other chief towns in the :.outh of Ireland. Mr. Murphy, senr., came to Canada in 1824, and died in Montreal in 1846. Mr. Murphy's mother was a daughter of Peter i>yrne, of the County Carlow, a descendant of the old and distinguished family of the Byrnes, of Ballycapple, one of the senior branches of the great sept O'Byrne, of the County Wicklow. Having received at Esson's academy his com- mercial education, at the age of fourteen he was enyajjed as a clerk in the hardware busi- ness. In 1846 he entered the employment of the old and established firm of Frothingham &. Workman, wholesale hardware merchants, which position he occupied until 1859, when he lie- came a partner in that business, now, and for many years past, one of the most extensive in the Dominion. Mr. Murphy has a-ssisted in main- taining the tirm in the high position it has so long and deservedly enjoyed. Yet business, with all its cares and anxieties, did not absorb his entire attention. His first step in the philanthropic efforts that have marked his whole life was in connection with the establish- ment of the earliest Irish Catholic Temperance Society organized in Canada. The late lament- ed Bishop Phelan, of Kingston, wfis at that time (1840) pastor of the Irish people of Mont- real, and ministered to their spiritual wants in the venerable edifice, the Recollet Church, now amongst the things of the past, but around which clustered many fond remembrances for the older inhabitants. Into the temperance cause Mr. Murphy threw himself with his whole soul, seconding the efforts of the good Father Phelan. In 1841 he was elected secretary of the association, and so continued until 1862, when he was presented with a massive solid silver jug and a most fl.ittering Jiddress by the society, in recognition of his invaluable ser- vices in the total abstinence cause. Long years of active work did not cause him to abate his efforts in, what may be termed, the cherished object of his life, the propagation of temperance principles amongst his fellow-countrymen. He was several times elected president of the St. Patrick's Temperance Society, a pfist which he at preseet holds ; and again in 1884, its mem- bers, feeling that something more ought to be done in recognition of such devotion, they pre- sented him with a magnificent life-siaed portrait, in oil, of himself. Again, in 1889, on his call to the Senate, they presented him with a splendidly illuminated address of congratula- tion, mounted in a beautiful ebonized cabinet, on an easel of the same material. He has now lieen for over half a century one of the main pillars of total abstinence in his adopted home, and may without flattery be styled the standaixl- bearer of the cau.se. It has often been said, and with great truth, that the man who appears to forget the old land, makes a very indifferent citizen, wherever his lot may be cast. Mr. Murphy is a striking example of the class that contribute so much to the progress and prosper- ity of their adopted home, and yet never cease to sympathise with the land of their forefathers. In 1842, Mr. Murphy was elected a member of the original St. Patrick's Society, under the presidency of the late Benjamin Holmes. In 1860 he was elected president, a position he filled with credit to himself and benefit to the society. About the same time he was gazetted captain in the Montreal militia ; he is a justice of the peace for Montreal. In 1862, Mr. Mur- phy revisited the scenes of his childhood, and cast once more a loving glance on the green hills and pleasant valleys of his native land. During his absence in Ireland he was elected a director of the City and Distiict Savings Bank of Montreal. This pf Notre Dame, a singular niark of the confidence reposed in him, and the kindly feel- ings evinced towards him by his French-Cana- dian fellow-citizens. Again and again he has lieen solicited to accept municipal honours, ♦ '•■m HON. EDWARD MURPHY, Montreal, Que. I S44 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. which he has always declined. Nevertheless, he has not abstained from participating in the pditical struf;,jles of the country. In politics, he is a LiVtera (-Conservative, anfl through good report and evil rep*»rt he ha.s always manfully st<»od up l»y the party that his experience has led him to believe has the true interests of Canada at heart. Enjoyment of the blessings of constitutional freedom of Canada has made Mr. Murphy's sympathetic heart yearn for similar advantages to his native laiul, and in consequence he has always warmly advocated and assisted the movements set on foot here in favour of Home Rule for Ireland. With such a record any man might well rest content to see his [namt: go down to posterity ; but Mr. Murphy has still other claims to public gratitude. Nearly forty years ago, mainly through his exertions, the "early clasing movement" was carried into effect, whereby the clerks in the hardware trade secured the afternoon of Satur- day for their recreation and mental improve- ment, a boon that has since been widely extend- ed for the l)eneHt of clerks in other branches of business. He is one of the vice-presidents of the Natural History Rociety of Montreal, and also of the Numismatic and Antiquarian Soci- ety, in the transactions of lx>th of which he has taken an active part. He is a life governor of the Montreal (Jeneral Hospital, and also a life governor of Notre Dame Hospital of the same city. He is also a member of the Societe Historique de Montreal. Mr. Murphy is a member of the Montreal Board of Trade, a life member of tie Art Association, and a life mem- ber of the Mechanics' Institute, all of Montreal. He was for many years one of the Catholic School connnissioners for Montreal. In this position he felt more acutely than ever the great need of a gotnl connnercial education for our youth, and his energies were centred to effect that object. To give an impetus to the movement he generously foundetl the " Edward Murphy ' prize of the .annual value of .flOO, in perpetuity, for the "encouragement of com- mercial education in Montreal," which is open to all competitors attending the academy. A Governor of the Laval University of Montreal. During these long years of arduous labour, Mr. Murphy has found time to cultivate his taste for scientific pursuits, and his public lectures, always delivered for the benefit of charitable and educational objects, on " The Microscope and its Revelations," and on " Astronomy," have invariably met with a hearty reception by the public. He pursued these favourite studies in the few moments he could snatch from his pressing occupations, and the success that has attended his efforts is another proof of how much can be accomplished by well-directed lalx)ur. A post of honour, entailing arduous duties as well, was conferred on Mr. Murphy in 1879, that of harbour commissioner, which he now fills. He (Mr. Murphy) was twice married, first to Elizabeth, daughter of the late Thomas McBride and Mary Price, of Dublin, Ireland, by whom he has two daughters living. Second- ly, to Maria Georgiana, daughter of the late Hon. Judge Power, of the SujHrior Court of Quebec, and Susan de Gaspe, his wife (daugh- ter of Philip Aubert de Gaspe, seigneur of St. Jean Port Joly, the author of " Les Anciens Canadiens," and other works on Canadian history). By this marriage Mr. Murphy has one son and two daughters, all living (1892). His eldest daughter was married to the late E. C. Monk, advocate, of Montreal, son of the Hon. S. Cornwallis Monk, one of the judges of the Court of Appeal for the Province of Que- bec. As a successful merchant, Mr. Murphy's word is as good as his bond in the commei-cial community. He is the patron of education, the noiseless toiler in scientific pursuits, a sin- cere and devout Catholic, whose name will ever be connected with St. Patrick's Church, its asylums and kindrerJ institutions. His investi- ture as a Chevalie;- of the Sacred and Military Order of the Holy Sepulchre, in 1882, is a well- merited tribute to his worth by the ecclesiasti- cal authorities of his church. Mr. Murphy was called to the Senate of Canada May 30, 1889, and gazetted on the 6th June fo;h)wing. It need hardly be added that he is respected and trusted by his fellow-citizens of all origins ;,nd creeds as a loyal and devotetl son of Canada. DAVID MORTON, JIainifto7i, Out. AMONG the records of self-made men in Canada, there is little question that a leading place should Ije given to the gentleman whose name appears at the head of this article. David Morton came of a very respectable Scot- tish family, who resided in the village of New Milns, parish of Loudoun, Scotland. Here he I was born, Octerty in Parkdale and vicinity, which he knew was se, for some ten years. He is alsopiesident of the Sunnyside Boating Club ( Ltd. ), in which he takes a great in- t:^rest, being a devotee of boating. In politics, he is and always has been, like his father Ijefore him, a C(jnserv.»tive, and pi-esident of St. Albans Ward Lilnn-al-Conservative Association. Few men have done moie travelling, but his travels have j)rincipaUy been of a business nature. He is a member of the Church of Enghind. On the 29th of Septem])ei', 1S71, he married Miss Isa- bella McQuillan, daughter of the late Edwa»-d McQuillan, who was a farmer at Whitchurch, about IS miles from Toronto. The offspring of this marriage has been nine children, eight of whom are alive. They are Harriet, 18 ; Jennie, 17; John Edward, 1"); Minnie Elizabeth, 14; William Alfred, 13; Katie, 10 ; Laura, 7; Ethel May, (3. Taken altogether, Mr. Laxton's career has been a remarkable vas a Presbyterian. He was a mem- l)er of the MeNal>-st. chuich from the date of I its establishment, and for some time before his death was the only survivor of the oi'iginal Ixtard of trustees. In June, 1850, he married Caroline Huldah Greene, of Kingston, Ontario, by whom he had issue eight children -four sons and four daughters. Of these, seven children, together with Mrs. Turner, survive him. Sen- ator Turner's public career and private life was without a fault ; in character and dispositiitn he was one of the noblest of men. The sinnounce- nient of his death was therefore received with the deepest regret, and by hosts of friends is his memory treasured all over the country. speedily obtained an engagement in the Toronto nurseries, and there, under the veteran pioneer in this industry, he received his tirst instructions in the line he had chosen for himself, and in wliich he has since achieved such marked suc- cess. For four years he continuously lal)oui-ed, and by close application and careful and intelli- gent oliservation, he not only acquired the infor- mation, but formetl the Jiabits which are as necessary to success in this as in any other walk in life. After this, desiring a larger experience, he went to Buffalo, where he re- mained for eight years, being connected with the best institutions of a similar kind in that city. He afterwards spent six years travelling in the United States, visiting Louisiana, New York and New Jersey. This pericnl he devoted to the acquisition of the technical knowledge and practical skill required in the attainment of proficiency in the floral and fruit business. In 1879, while in New York, he was offered and accepted the position of manager of the Renfrew Fruit and Floral Company, whose establishment was located at Arnprior, and he managed this enterprise for three years, wlien the company retired from business. 3[r. Scrim purchased such of the plant as he tleemed suit- able, and removed to Ottawa, and there com- menced in a huml)Ie way the business that has since grown to such gratifying proportions. The beginning was small, but by consulting and educating the public taste, and conducting the enterprise on business principles, he has now one of the most perfectly equipped establish- ments in the province, the green-houses alone numbering nine, having an average length of one hundred and fifty feet. Present facilities being insufficient, extensive alterations and addi- tions are now being made to meet the evei- growing demands of the business. Mr. Scrim is not a demonstrative man, or one who has merely sought notoriety or public office. But he has filled with great usefulness the position of alder- man, and for three years has done a large amount of quiet conscientious work at the council board, and on the finance and license and fire and light committees, that justly entitles him to the respect and confidence of Iiis fellow-citizens. In politics, Mr. Scrim has always lieeii a Conservative, and while ne/eran aspirant for political honours, his sound judg- ment and good counsel have ever be^n at the service of his party, and have often l)een of material assistance to them, and contributed largely to its success. He is connected with the Masonic lx)dy, being member of Erie Lodge, Buffalo. He is also a member, and has filled all the offices in Ottawa Lodge, A.O.U.W., as well as being an active memlier of Carleton Lodge, I. O. O. F., and the Sons of Scotland. Mr. Scrim's family were members of the Presby- T I CHARLES SCRIM, Ottawa, Ont. ttti 354 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. teiian Church, .and he has steadfastly adhered to the faith of liis fathei-s. On the 1st July, 1884, he married Margaret Kehoe, daughter of Mathew Kehoe, of the city of Ottawa, by whom he has had three children, two l)<>ys and one girl, all of whom are still living. Mr. Scrim is still a young man, and has apparently many years of an honourable and useful career l)efore him. WILLIAM ALFRED GEDDES, Toronto, Cut. UTTLLIAM ALFRED GEDDES, who by TT persistent etforts and close attention to business has placed himself at the heatl of To- ronto Steamship Agencies, was Intrn at Ualt, Ontario, April 3rd, 1847, and is the youngest son of James and Ann Rachel Ablx)tt Geddes ; hei- English ancestry moving in the highest London society. His father wjis iKirn in London and was educated there, afterwards l)eing mar- ried in St. Martins-Church-iii-the-Fiekls, cme of the oldest places of worship in the city, having been built before the modern city extended its limits to the surrounding country. In 1818, he went to(Je<.'rgetown, Demerara, South America, where he was a supply wharfinger and general agent, and remained there until 183i), when he came to Canada, .settling on a farm at Jersey- ville, near Hamiltt)n, Ont. Here he remained some years, when he removed to St. George, and in 18.")0 to Gait, where he engaged in a general conuni.ssion business, appraiser, auctioneer, legal adviser, conveyancer, etc. He died in 1870, his wife surviving him thirteen years. His family consisted of ten children ; George, the eldest lK)y, is now in business at CJlen Morris ; •lames died when young, and William A. is the subject of our sketch. Emily, the eldest daugh- ter living, is married, and resides at Gaines, Mich., U.S.; Annie is Mrs. W. Cooper, of Guelph ; Mary married Walter Strowger, and Adelaide, the youngest, is still unmarried. William A. spent his younger days in attending (ine of the ward schools at Gait, and tinished his education at the central school of that town. At thirteen, he entered a general store in his native town as an " all-round " handy boy, and served in the same capacity successively at Guelph, Doon, and Barrie, and in September, 1860. went to Hamilton, where he clerked in a grocery store for two years. In 1869 he liegan life as a purser on the steamer Osprey, plying between Hamilton and Montreal. He remain- ed with this boat tw(» seasons, and was after this with the Bristol, St. Lawrence, and City of Chatham, each a seastliam's wharf at the foot of Yonge-street, which position he tilled till the financial enibarras.sment of Higinbotham the following year. Mr. Geddes and Fred. Mowat, now .sheriff of York county, succeeded to the busine.s.s, and conductetl it till 1877, when Mr. Mowat retired, the entire enterprise reverting to his partner. This was continued for ten years, when the C.P.R. expropriated the land, since which time Mr. Geddes has lea.sed it from the railway. This is the Ijest and im>st popular d(K-k in the city, more than two-thirds of the traffic, l)oth pas.senger and freight, that is done in Toronto emanating from this point. In ad- dition t<» this, Mr. Gecides has establisheegan the transconti- nental longitude determinations, observing first at the Iwise station at Seattle, Washington. Geo- graphic points of reference liave now l)een estab- lished in British Columbia, the North-West and Manitoba, and the work has Ijeen carried east- ward as far as Port Arthur. In 1886, l)esides his astrommiic work in British Columbia, he made an accurate survey of the Canadian Paci- fic Railway through the Btjcky Mountains and the Selkirks, as a basis for the delimitation of the forty-mile railway lielt granted by Biitish Cijlumbia to the Dominion of Canada. The first determination of the heights of the principtz. The following year, Ijefore going to the field, he made a tour among the chief observatories in the L^nitefl States, gather- ing practical information, and two years later we find him in Alaska on an impv('-fite(l foit\ niilc lail way Wit in Biitisli Columbia in which calcu- lation there are neaily one million tahulated H;^res. From the fi'ie<;oinji it will readily l>e un(lerstertaininy to his profession, and it is a stronii e\idence of his hiijh standini; that on the formation of the Association of Dominion Liind Suiveyois he was chosen its fiist presi- dent, a position which he held for four consecu- tive yeai-s. The annual proceedinjis of the association invariahly contain a professional paper by him. He is also a Fellow of the American As.sociation for the Advancement of Science, and is a member of various other .scien- tific orjjanizations. Thou<;h taking but little j>.'rt in public affairs outside his profession, Mr. Kl.)tz has always manifested a deep interest in educational matteis, esj)ecially the public schools and Mechanics' Institutes. For a num- ber of years he has l)een one of the directors of the Pre.stoii Mechanics' Institute, the libiarv of which is one of the l)est selected in the Province of Ontario. In 1N7."5, l)eceml)er 4th, Mr. Klotz married Marie Widenmann, daughtei- of the late (Jerman Consul for Michigan, and their child- (hen are Ma.x, Julius, Oskar and Irma, the eld- est l)ein<( now a medical student at the Univer- sity of Toronto. WILLIAM MEDLAND, T(>rii}if(i, Ont. t^OH close upon a ((uarter of a centuiy the gentleman whose name ai)j)ears above has l)een well known to the people of Toronto. William ^ledland was boiii of ifocxl old English stock, at Hertfoi-d. England, January 30th, 1S25. He is one of a family of fon the study of law, and in due time passed his examination as solicitor, and l)egan to practise. This he con- tinued for some years. In ISa'i he, however, met with an unfortunate accident. He was thrown out of his carriage and suffered such injury that for a time his life was despaired of. Hut through the influence of the t^ueen of the Bel- gians, who was gmhnother to Mr. Medlaiids only daughter, he was induceloying upwards of a thousand hands, form an important adjunct to the place. Some three yeai's ago. Mi-, iledland sold his residence at the Junction and moved back into the city. But he was not forgotten by the people of the town which he had projected, and assisted ma- terially to build. In February, 1H90, a banquet, at which over two hundred of the leading citizens were present, was given in his honoui', and at which he was piesented with a fine life- size oil painting of himself, in recognition of his .services to the connnunity. Mr. Medland is a meml)er of the Sons of England Society, is a staunch Conservative, and always an active worker in party contests. In leligion, he is a member of the Church of England, and a lead- ing membei- of St. Aims Church, Brockton. In 1S.50 he married Mary, daughter of the hite Alex. Ablxitt, an eminent physician of Cam- bridge, and one of the pupils of the famous Di'. Abernethy. The result of this union was a «••• WILLIAM MEDLAND, Toronto, Ont. >-•-♦- 358 PROyflNENT MEX OF CANADA. family of four rliildivii three sons aiul one • laughter — all of whom are inarrijHl and living in Tonmto. Alexander, tin- eldest, is manager of the Norwich Union Fire Tnsuninte Comj)any: Charles is a Divisiorj Court clerk ; Frederick is su}»erintemlent in Howard I't Co's. drop forging works, and Marv is the wife i>f Thomas E. (}reenshields, of' the C.P.H. Mr. Meefore him. In private life, ius well as in business circle.s, he is deser- vedly held in high i-espect and esteem. JAMES B. (JRA^TON, DntiflttK, Out. ''pHE gentleman whose name heads this article 1 is well-known throughout Western Canada in connection with the extensive dry gixKls business of which he was the founder, and at the head of which he still continues. James Beatty (Jrafton was lK»rn near the village of Meadowvale, in Toront<» township, county of Peel, on Septemlier 9, 1826. His i)are!its were Stewart and Margaret (Beatty) (irafton, the former a, native of North Carolina, and the latter of New York, their respective families having emigrated from Ireland to America towards the close of the last century. In 181 1, Mr. Grafton's grandparent.--, on his father's side, came to Canada and settled on Yonge-street, close to Torontt:. In 1819, Mi-s. Grafton's par- ents also came Ui this country and settled near Meadowvale. It was a few yeai-s later that Stewart Grafton removed to the same place, where he married, and whence, a short time subsequently, he moved to a fann which he had purchased near Sydenham, alx>ut sixteen miles from Toronto, the subject of our sketch lieing then a mere child. Young Grafton's early edu- cation was acquired at a country sch(K)l, after leaving which he attended at an academy in Ct)l)ourg for six months, following on with a like term, after it was changed to Victoria College. At the age of seventeen he proceeded to Ttxont*) to learn the dry goods trade in the establishment of Malcolm it Gillespie. After leaving that tinn he spent two years in a store in Cobourg, then three years wuth the late Robert Roy, of Hamilton, and tinally in a wholesale house until the spring of 1833, when he went to Dundas, and there commenced business for himself in the dry gcxxls trade. A few months later he associated with himself Anthony Gieg- son, and the partnership continued f<»r five years under the tirm name of Gregson it (ilraf- ttm. A dissolution then taking place (Mr. Greg- son retiring), Mr. Grafton admitted as partner his brother, John Stewart Grafton, and the business contiinied under the name and title of J. B. k J. S. (Jrafton until 188."), when James John, eldest son of .1. B., was alsit admitten the business has since l)een condu'*ted. (lenerally sj>eaking, the business has l»een in all lines of diy goeen taken by the youngest partner in the present firm, J JUS. J. Grafton, who luis shown him.self par- ticularly adapted for it. In addition t^) their heavy retail ti'ade at Dundsis, consiilera ble t»f a jobbing trade has been done for yeai-s. The tirm have a l)ianch store in Owen Sound, which was established in 1887, and one in Peter- lK)rough, establishetl in 1892; these branch stores are devoted entirely to clothing. J. B. (Jrafton, while thus actively engaged in busi- ness, tv all who know him. " while the daujjhters 'ir-auty, accomplish- t : " and that, " at le house of Drum- ANDUEW DRUMMOND, Ottawa, Out. IN the preface to a very old volume con- ! cejiiinji the Drunnnond family, so cele- brated durinji centuries past in the history of Knifland atid Scotland, and which volume was j dedicated to the Prince of Wales (afterwards i (ieorge IV.), the .'^olhjwing are the opening sen- tences : " Among ^he ancient fainilies of Scot- land, the house of Drumm id has long held a distinguished rank Descei led from the kings i of Hungary, and rei)eatedly sprung from the royal house of Stewart, it has flourished since the reign of Malcolm Canmore." The article goes on to state that previous to the l^nion its descendants hekl such titles as " thanes, earls, lords, dukes," etc., and that they had '* served with distinguished reputation in the army, the navy, and the church " ; that its sons weie " brave, just, and prudent were famous for their ' ments, and graces of the I its very tii-st estahlishmen mond was ranked among the noblest of Scot- land,' because "Maurice, its founder, was a Hungarian prince, and came to the Scottish court in the train of the loyal family of Eng- land." Reliable receinian- ently from the jKjsition which he had iilled for such a lengthy period, and with such gieat ac- ceptance to the authorities of the bank and of the business publi?. On the occasion of his retirement, he was presented by the leading citizens of Ottawa with a beautiful casket of oxidized silver, suitably inscribed, and accom- panied by an address expre.s.sive of the high estimation in which he was held. Having such important interests in his charge during nearly the whole period of his active life, Mr. Drum- inond had but little time to devote to outside affairs. He always felt the responsibility placed upon him, and no banking institution ever had a more zealous or a more faithful servant than he pioved himself to be. During his residence in Kingston, he was trustee and treasurer of Queens Univers ty for a pei-iod of foui'teen years, and for a time he was connected with the St. Andrew's Sociiietv, of Ottawa, and these are • •• t ,»'«•'"-*• i ANDREW DRUMMOND, Ottawa, Owt. TT 362 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. al)out the only instances in which lie t^Mtk part in affairs of a [)ul)lic nature. Politically, his sympathies were always with the Conservative party, an(l he was a sincere adniirei- of the late Sir Jolui A. Macdonald, with whom he was on intimate terms of friendship durinji the whole time of the yreat statesman's political career, hut he never took any patt in the contests between the two <;reat })arties. Tn I'elitfion, he is a Presbyterian, and he has Ijeen an eldei- in the chui-ch ever since 1S39, upwards of fifty yeai-s. On July 12th, 1S."?S, Mr. Drummond married Margaret Tiaill Sinclair, of Castleton, Caithness, Sc<*tuii.d, a niece of John Mowat, Estj,, of Fvnjjston. and cousin to Sir Oliver Mowat, Premier of Ontario. The result of the union was a family of nine children, of whcmi five sons and three dau<;hters are still living, the eldest son, George Piingle, having died in ISOO. Of the remaining sons, Henry Mowat is Assist. Receiver-(}eneral of Manitoba, Frank Arthur is secretary of the North -West Naviga- tion Co., Andrew Thomas and Charles Sinclair are financial agents, and Rol)ert John is mana- ger of the Bank of Montreal, at Perth. One of the daughters, Clara Margaret, is the wife of Ernest H. Taylor, of the Tr.land Revenue Department at Winnipeg. Mr. Drumm(»nd lias one younger biothei' living, Hon. George Alexa'.der Drunnnond, Senator, of Montreal, Mana;;er of the Canada Sugai' Refinery there, and Diiector in the Bank of Montreal. He has also one sister living in Montreal, Mis. Re Janet Cook, the issue of their union lieing five boys, of whom the subject of our sketch was the eldest. When James was seven yeai's old he had the misfortune to lose his mothei', of whom he still clierisht's veiv tendei' I'ecoP.ections. Subse(|uent ly I'is father married again, th" maiden name of his wife iM'ing Agnes Lamb, by whom he had three children, all, like those of his first wife, lM>ys. I'p to the time young Russell was eleveri years i>f age he attended the parish school of his native place, and two yeai-s latei', in lSi") the township of Hay, Huron county, and neai it, in the township of Cslnirne, the heads of the family still li\e. In working the farm, James was his father's chief help until he attained the age of twenty years. There was no school for him in those days, but lieing of a studious dis- position, and ambitious to acquire a profession, he worked so diligently in piivate that after having attended the Toront<» Normal ScIuk)1 for one year (l!^6")), he succeeded in taking a first- cliiss certificate as a public sch(K)l teachei-, an achievement which did great credit Ixith to his ability and to his pei-severing energy in the course he had mapped out for him.self. During the next two years he taught schaJ in Ancas- ter township, a portion of the time six months each year — while at the same time he studied medicine with Dr. Smith, of Mount Hope, (ilan- ford township. The latter half of these two years he attended the Rolph Medical School. Toronto, the medical department of Victoria College. Aftei- retiring from teaching, he con- tinued his studies at the same in.stitution until 1869, when he graduatetl, pas.sing a highly suc- cessful examination. He also teen a life-long Reformer, ter of years a trustee of the Public School at BinbriM>k. Tn religion, he has always Iwen a men)!)er of the Presbyter- ian church. In 1867, he married Sophia Car- pentei', ;> daughter of the l:ite Brian Cai-j)enter, of Ancaster tow nship, by whom li.^ has had six childi-en, four iM)ys and two girls, all of w horn PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 363 are livinj,'. In his orticial capticity. Dr. lUissell is eiuineiitly (jUHlitied for his inifMirtHiit jM)si- tion. In private' life his reconl is a most h«»ii- oural)le one, and he pissesses tlie resj)ect and esteem of the community in which he lives. J. k T. CONLON, Thorohl, Out. JOHN AND THOMAS CONLON, the mem- *} l)ers of the well-known contnictinjj tinu of •J. it T. Conlon, of Thorold, have l)een so inti- mately associated in husiness during the past thirty years that it would Ije ditHcult to outline the career of the one without outlining that of lie other. Both brothers were lK)rn in County Mayo, Ireland, the former in the year 1S34, and the latter on 8ej)tenil)er 29th, 1S44. Their parents were Timothy and Bridget ((Jroack) Conlon, lM)th of them types of the hardy and energetic people t)f the Emerald Isle who, under such advantages as Canada atfords, can accom- plish a.s much in life's well-l)eing as any other race in the world. Timothy Conlon followed fanning in the okl country, but with indiffei-ent success, and in \^^t< he, with his wife and family of eight children, emigrated U\ the New World. Their experience crossing the ocean was unhap- pily a disastrous one ; ship-fever broke out on the vessel, and of nine hundred aljoard when she started only one-third were alive when she reached Quel)ec. Among those who were con- signed to the deep were the father and Hve children of the Conlon family. In due time the widow and her three sur\iviiig children — the subjects of our sketch, and one sister — ar- rived at Montreal, where they remained for a short time, afterwards proceeding westward and settling at Allanburg, a .small village on the Weiland Canal. Theie Mrs. Conlon started a little grocery store and stoutly entered upon the task of bringing up her children in tlie new and strange land, her son John, then a lad <»f fourteen, Ijeing her chief assistant. The brave mother had a hard struggle for a time, for she in- sisted on sending the children to sch. Stockley, owned by Messis. Wright I'i: Duncan, miller.'-., of Allan- i»urg. He continued sailing until l^<^)^(, when he started sc' poits, and the Conlons wei"e nfit slow to the advantages thus affoi-devi to woy whom he has hatl seven children, of whom four (sons) are still living. In 187*2, Thomas married Ellen, daughter of Andrew OConnor, of Merritton, the result of their union l)eing a family of six children — foui sons and two daughters -all of whom are living. Mi's. Conlon died May 22nd, 18SS, nmch regretted by a large circle of friends. The old latly — the mother -has for some years resided with her son Thoma.s, and is still hale and hearty at the ailvanced age of seventy -four. ANDREW T. WOOD, I/niui/fon, Ont. 4NDREW TREW WOOD, the well-known ii hardware merchant and manufacturer, of Hamilton, was ^ jrn at Mountnorri.s, County of Armagh, Ireland, August 26th, lo2G. K's patents weie David Wood, and his wife, Fiances Bigliam, whose maiden name wis Trew. The foiuier was of Scottish and the latter of English extraction, their ancestors hav- ing settled in Ireland alxtut the year 1700. The sul)ject of our sketch, who is the eldest of a family of eight children, in his early youth at- tended the public school in his native place, afterwards continuing his studies at Derrycug- han, and Lr the House of Connnons, his col- league l)eing ^milius Irving, Q.C. At that time the trade question was one of the issues before the people, and Mr. Wood had no hesitji- tion in declaring himself in favour of ])rote(tion for revenue purpose .'^. due regard being paid to the fostering of home u:anufacturingindustiies. In his address to the electors he said:— "The growing impor^^vnce of tlu manufacturing in- terests of this country is .^ujh as to call from the government a careful ."emodelling of the tariff, so as to give such protection to our na- tive industries as will enable the-n to compete successfully with the cheaper lab.)ur of foreign markets. When attending the innual meeting of the Dominion Hoard of Trad.^, held in Ottawa in January last, as a delegate and President of the Hamilton Board of Tnule, I supported a "«•; ■^ ANDREW T. WOOD, Hamilton, Ont. /: i -»••« 366 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. twenty per cent tariff. T am still of the opinion that in oixler to induce capitalists to invest their means in manufacturing enterprises in this country a tariff to that extent, at lesist, shouici r)e intnxluceil by the government ami niiwle the law of the Dominion." The result of the election was that Mr. Woofl was triumph- antly returnf'd at the head of the poll, his col- league also being successful, and Ijeing unsejited st to advance e\ery enterprise which was of public l)enefit. He was one of the first jiromoters of the Wel- lington, Orey it Bruce Railway, took an active part in the lK)nus campaigns, and was a director of the company during its entire existence un- til it was absorl)ed by the old (ireat Western. He was also a leading spirit in promoting the railway schemes in which Hamilton was inter- ested, notably the Hamilton and Lake Erie and Hamilton and North- Western lines. In the Board of Tnule he has always taken a strong interest, and he tilled the offices of vice-presi- dent and president. He was the original or- ganizer of the Ontario Cotton Mills Coy (now the Ontario Cotton Coy), was ])i'esident for a number of years, and is still f director. He was j also president of the old Mechanics' Institute ft)r a long peritxl, has Ijeen a director of the Hamilton Bridge Coy since its organization, is a director of the Bank of Hamilton and Vice- President of the Hamilton Provident c'i: Loan Co'y, with which he hiis l)een c<)nnectedever since its establishment. In religion, he is a Protest- ant and a member of the congregation of the Central Presbyterian church. Mr. W(M»d has l)een twice mariied — first, in 18.")1, to Mary E., eldest daughter of the lat« Wm. Freeman, of SaltHeet, by wh<»m he hfwl issue two sons and a daughte!-. His present wife, wln»m he married in 18G.S, is Jennie, eldest tlaughter of the late Cieorge H. White, one of the pioneer .settlei-s of Yorkville, by whom he has three daughters. As already indicated, his two sons are asso- ciated with him in business, and one of his daughteiN is married to William Roaf, a well- known Imrrister of Toronto. C. E. DOOLITTLE, J/aiiiiffon, Out. /IHARLES EDWARD DOOLITTLE, well- v/ known as President of the Ontario Rollinir Mill Company, was Imrn at Painesville, Ohio, April 10th, 1842. His father, John Titus I )oo- little, was a native of Vermont, and his mother, who.se maiden name was Anna Marshall, was lM)rn in Connecticut. They both went to Ohio alxnit the year 18."}7, and shortly aftei' were married at Painesville, which they made their honif. Their family consisted of seven children fixe sons and two daughters -of whom all are living, except one son, who died in infancy, and one daughter, who died Augu.st, 1891. Mi- Doolittles t'jither, who was a son of the late Judge J:)?l IXntlittle, e said, he is an ardent supporter of a protec- tive policy for Canadian industry. In relij.aon, he is a memlier of the Episcopal church, in which faith he was brought up. In 1872, Mi. Doolittle married Juliet Eliziibeth, daughter of tlie late Judge Aaron Wilcox, a prominent citi- zen of Painesville. By the union he has had issue four children — two sons and two daugh- ters-- namely, Juliet W., Charles M., Wilcox, and Eliza, all of whom are now pursuing their educational studies. In business circles Mr. Der Canada College, also many diplomas in other branches of study. Among our public men few, indeed, are l)etter known than Mr. Davies, he having been a meml)er of the City Council for many years, and while there did yeoman service for, not only his constituents, but citizens generally, as will be seen by his record. He first entered the council as alderman for St. David's ward, in 1873, doing so very reluctantly. Dur- ing that year, the chair being then occupied by Mayor Manning, he intrcxluced a resolution in the council to have St. David's ward divided and a new ward created, with a view to giving the east end of the city equal representation with the west end, which resolution was passed, and the waicl of St. Thomas created. The fol- lowing year, after the coming in force of the resolution in 1875, Mr. Davies, not l)eing a meml)er of the council, the giMKl accomplished by him was undone by a resolution passing the council ci-eating St. Stephen's ward in the west eny tiie city of the Fur- ness water works, which have since ecame sole mem- ber of the firm, which he carried on until 1871, when he admitted his brother, Robert, to part- nership. On the retirement of the latter in 1878, the business was again carried rter and lager beei', and 100,000 bushels (»f malt ; the buildings are all of brick, with stone foundations, while the plant is of the Wst and most im[>roveer (»f the Board of Trade. In society matters he has always taken an acti\e part, the most prominent of which is, perhaps, the Mji.sonic fraternity. He is a life meml)er of King .SolouKtn's Royal Arch Chapter, and at present is a member of Orient Lodge, A. F. it A. M., of which he is a Past Master. His mother lodge was Wilson, No. 8(5, which he joined in 1868. He is also a life member of the Sons of England and St. Georges Society, and was made an honor- ary memljer of the Foresters with the late 3Iayoi' Metcalfe. In politics, Mr. Davies is a Conserva- tive, and is a firm l)elievei- in the piotective policy of the present government, but, as his mottt. is " country first, then party, " he is always ready to support any measure that W(»uld prove advan- tageous to Canada, so long as the connection with the mother c(»untry. Engl; nd, in not dis- turl)ed. In his travels he first visited Euiojh- in 1872, and, landing on the Irish coast, visited man> places of interest in Ireland, Scotland, England and France. In 1875, in company with his sistei-, he crossed the continent to San P^ran- cisco, and celebrated Her Majesty Queen Vic- toria's birthday in L)s Angele.s. On this trip he visited the far famed Yosemite Valley, and on his way home took in Denver, Colorado Springs and Pikes Peak. To the Pi'ak was a journey of thirteen miles on horseback from Colorado Spi'ings. He accomplished t!ie journey in one of the shortest times on record. F'ew people are able to reach the top on account of the lightness of the atmosphei-e, which causes bleeding at the mouth and n()se with some people, but Mr. Davies made the tiip successfully. He also visited Kansas City, St.Laiis and Cincinnati, l^efore arriving home. In 1889, he, in company with his wife, made a trip to the fai* west, on the C. P. Railway, visiting Winnipeg, Brandcm, Medicine Hat, Calgary, Bantl*, Vancouver City, New- Westminster and Victoria, British Col- umbia. In religion, ^Ir. Davies was con6rmed in the Church of England, but is now a member of St. Andi-ews Presbyterian Churcli. He was married in 1877, by the Rev. I). J. Macdonell, of St. Andrew's Church, in Knox Church, to UU T r 370 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. Marfiaret Henderson, daufrlit^r of ex-alderman I Henderson, who, for many yeais, represented St. James' ward in the council, and was one of the pioneer business men of Toronto. Mr. Davies' family consists of four sons, the oldest of whom is Thomas Alexander Davies, aged 13, and who, for his years, may l)e considered a pnKli^'v, being at the present time No. 1 in the Hfth class in the Model schl. The other Iwys are. Aithur Henderson, Franklin Jones and Gordon Alljeit, all bright little fellows. Mr. Davies is somewhat of an inventor also, he hav- ing taken out patents in Canada and the I'^nited States for an automatic car coupler, a railway rail chaii', lock-nut, and an invalid's walk- ing stick. Taken altogether, while being a successful man in business. Mi'. Davies is a citizen of whom any connnunity might justly feel prouu. B. rosa:viond, m.r, Ahnontp, Out. IN the list of enterprising and successful Can- adians who have done so much to build up the industries of this country during the past twenty-five or thirty years, the name of Rosa- mond deservedly occupies a high place, and to- day Bennett Rosamond, of Almonte, is one of the best known manufacturers in the Dominion. It was about the year 1829 that James Rosa- mond emigrated to Canada from Co. Leitrim, Tieland, ultimately settling in Carleton Place, where he married A>.cirgaret Wilson, a native of Scotland, who hiid come to this country when a child, and of their family of six the subject of our sketch is the eldest. James Rosamond was a man of wonderful energy and persever- ance, and he soon came to occupy a leading position as a manufacturer. He secured con- trol of the valuable water privileges at Carle- ton Place, whicli were used for operating flour and oatmeal mills on one side (jf the river, and a saw mill and wool carding mill on the other. In this latter mill, machinery for spinning w(k>1- len yarn and weaving woollen cloth was intro- duced, and this was really the foundation and the l)eginning of the extensive business in which for a number of yP'^i'^' past his eldest son has occupied the leading position. The latter, who was lK)rn May 10, 1S33, received a gCKjd prac- tical education at the public and grammar schools in his native place, and at the age of 17 took a position in his fathers oflice. Seven years later, in 1857, the lease of water power at Carleton Place expired, and James Ro.sa- mond removed with his family to Almonte, where he had purchased the ground pi'operty and rights of the Ramsay W(Mj!len Cloth Manu- facturing Company. Mr. Rosamond's newly acquired property was soon gra( sd with a sub- stantial four-story two-set mill, and he con- tinued to carry on the business until If^tJ'J, when he lejised the concern to his sons, Bennett and William, who formed the partnership of B. k W. Rosamond. During the ensuing three years, the capacity of their mill was doubled, it hav- ing l)een increased to a four-set mill, and in 18fi6 George Stephen (now Lord Mount-Ste- phen) liecame a meml)er of the tirm, the title of which was changed to B. it W. Rosamond i^- Co. At this time another water privilege was purchased, upon which the large mill, now known as the No. 1, was erected. The finn also leased a water pt)wer on the upper falls of the Mississippi River, on which they built a two-set mill for the manufacture of blankets, this Ijeing the tiiird mill operated by them, from which circumstance the local popular names Nos. 1, 2 and 3 were given these mills. In 1870 a further change took place, the tlrm lac- ing changed into a joint stock company under tl'.e nfime of the Rosamond Woollen Co., with Bennett Rosamond as president and managing director, which responsible position he has held continuously ever since. His brother William still retains an interest in the busines.s, though for a number of years past he has resided in Co- bourg, where he occupies the position of president and managing director of the Cobourg Woollen Co. The town of Almonte owes much of its pros- perity to the enterprise of the Rosamond family, and in an especial degree to the member of it whose name heads this article, for both in con- nection with business and everything else cal- culated tfi l)enetit the public he has always taken a foremost position. When they settled in Almonte its population numljered only aliout 250, and the village was not celebrated for its manufacturing industries. The establishment and putting into operation of the Rosamond mills was the beginning of a prosperity for the town that has increased its p«>pulation to aljout 4,000 souls, and those mills stand to-day among the very finest establishments of the kind in the Dominion. In 1882 the Almonte Knitting Co. was established, of which Mr. Rosamond is vice- president and one of +he lai'gest stockholders. As already indicated, it is not alone in connec- tion with business that Bennett Rosamond has made his mark. From his very youth he was an active figure in municipal affairs as well as in the wider field of general politics. Before the incor- poration of Almonte as a town he was its reeve, and since that time he has several times l)een elected mayor and chairman of the board of edu- cation. Politically, he has always l)een a staunch Conservative, and has distinguished himself as an enthusiastic supporter of the National Policy ever since its inauguration. In the Dominion Manufacturers' Association he has always held a leading place, having filled the offices of presi- a. I R. ROSAMOND, M.P., Almonte, Ont. 372 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. dent and vice-president, in addition to having l)een a menilM'r f the Emerald Isle. In 1S."?7, the family emi- grated to the New World, and in due time arri\ed in Quebec, but the father died on lx*ard ship shortly afterwards while on his way to New York. In July of the same year, Mrs. Laikin and her three .sons proceeded to Toronto, where they tiMik up their alxwle. While in the Queen City the youngest boy died, in 1S3S, and Mr.s. Larkin was called to rest in July, 1S54, leav- ing Patrick and James the sole survivors of the family, the latter remaining in Toionto. In his youth the subject of <;ur sketch attended scIkmiI some seven or eight years, receiving a fair prac- tical education. In 1S4'2, he began a mariner's life on the lakes, and five years later started sailing out of St. Catharines, which city, in 18")3, he chose as his permanent residence. En- thusiastically fond of the career he hail chosen, his progress in it was .steadily upward. He sailed for a number of years ius connnander, and from iSoS to 1884 was known as on- of the most prosperous vessel-owners in Ontario. In the latter year, he sold his ves.sel property and withdrew from the enterprise in which he had lieen engaged in one cajiacity or another for over thirty years, and in it had achieved notable success. While jtursuing his vocation on the lakes, it may be mentioned that he was one of the original .stockholders in the Lake iV River Steamship Line, an organization chiefly owned in Hamilton, and in which he was as.sociated with the late Hon. Adam Hope (president), ^nea.-A D. McKay, Dr. Thomas Ridley, John Harvey, George H. Gillespie and Alex. Mcln- ne.s, of Hamilton, and Richard Blain, of Gait. For a time the line was managed by Messis. McKay and Lsirkin, when the latter retired on account of other business interests which de maiuled his attention. After retiring freen iiitereste2, his whole life has l)een spent in his native city, and surrounded l)y its associations. His piirents, both natives of Scotland, were William and Margaret (Auld) Dixon, the latter having been lK»rn at VVhitburn, Linlithgowshire. The old gentlemsin came t(» Canada about the year 1836, and at once took up gardening as a vocation, with the idea of supplying tlie Hamilton niai'- ket. In iS41 he married Miss Auld, by whom he had issue a family of eight children — five sons iind three daughters — all of whom, with the exception of one daughter, are living. Young James w,'is given the Iwuetit of a good practical education in the public sc1ir, 1 808, he entered the ser- vice of the (Jreat Western Railway as message boy under agent Dawson. In this he continued until the spring of 1871, when lie l)ecame brakesman on a passenger train. On June li.^, 187o, he left the employ i 1884, and has from tiiat time, until lately, been a mem- l)er, always working on important connnittees, and doing gtxnl service. In 188() he was chaii'- nuin of finance, and last year (i8.;l), he held a similar p()sition on the water wrks. In muni- cipal affairs he has gained the position of a leader among his colleagues, and he is freely spoken of as a probable candidate for the mayoralty in 1892. He has the reputatic>n of endeavouring at all times to promote the wel- fare of the city find its f>ed him out as one of the coming men in his chosen profes- sion. He graduated in the spring of 1876, ix-ing awanled the H< times (iold Medal, the highest prize in the gift of the McGill Medical Faculty. On receiving his degree, he pasised the exauiina- ' tion for memlH'rship of the College t»f Physitians and Surgeons of Ontario at Toronto, and re- turnee- ness of years, there was lipeness of another sort, the preparedness of a good man to meet his end. When the call came, the late mem- l)er for West Toronto was speaking to a measure on the tla{ ers, magazines and a use ful librajy. In many >tlier ways he exhibited his kindness and generosity towards his men. When a few years ago his employees prop>se admitted as a partner in the business, and has always had charge of the manufacturing department, which is now known as the Langmuir Manufacturing Com- pany (Ltd). Mr. Clarke looked after the finan- cial part of the business, but since the forma- tion of the joint stock company, he acted in an advisory capacity only. He, however, re- tained his ofiice over the Pving-stree*: store, where he freijuently enjoyed sociable calls from friends and Conservatives from all over the ])rovince. Althor.gh an active man in his own business, Mr. Clarke still found time to devote to public affairs. He possessed an active and }.ractic;d mind, rejul widely, and kept himself well-posted on all the leading (piestions of the day, and jwir- ticularly those which caire under the pur\iew of politics. In 1S7S', he sat in the city cf the Hamilon Great Central Fair Association. In connection with municipjil politics he, for some time, took a prominent part. He was deputy-reeve of Barton during the years 1886 and 1887, and in the two following years he was reeve. In 1889 he was chosen warden of the county of Wentworth, an office which he filled with ability and dignity. At the close of 1889, Mr. Gage retired voluntarily from the reeveship. Pcjlitically, he has always been a Conservative, and a hard worker in Parliament- ary contests, as well as a highly influential man in the councils of his party. In 1890 he de- clined nomination fi:>r the Ontario legislature in South Wentworth, but it is not improbable that in the near future his fellow-electors will place him in a higher position than he has yet occupied. Mr. Gage is a Freema.son, and also a member of the Knights of Pythias, anil of the Knights of the Maccabees. In religion, he is a Protestant, being brought up in the Methodist faith, of which body he is an adherent. On January 1, 1868, he married Elisa, daughter of the late Coplin Stinson (who was killed at Albany, N.Y., some twenty -eight years ago), and hence a member of the i^tinson family, one :s£a^ f JOHN W. GAGE, Bartonville, Ont. J. 380 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. of tlif In'st known in conncctioM witli tlif history of Iliiniilton. As issue c»f their niiiiiianc .Mr. smd Mrs. (Jage hnve two (hiuixhters Mav'^'ie, wlio is married to Harry F. IJuikholder. of l»arton townshij). and Jessie wlio still li\t's witli lier patents. .lohn W. (Jaye, in all the walks of life, has shown himself to 1h> ]M»ssessed of the In-st ijualities of manhood. In l)usine.ss circles, as in public and private life, his rejmtation is of the hiiihest, and his ijenerous and warm heai'ted disposition has suriounded him with a larji'e circle of sincere and admiring frientls. SYLVESTER J AH VIS. (r'riiiis/ti/, Out. THE i,'entleman wiiose name apjH-ars at the head of this sketch is a menibei- of a family which has lonj; l»een well known throuj^hout We.stern Canada. His jtarents weie Frederick Star Jarvis and his wife Ainia. whose maiden name was Hoininj^. The foimer was a native of Port Credit, ( )nt., und the latter wtus a native of Ancaster. Mis. Jarvis sen., is one of the old Hiirninif familv, who were amonii; the early "^ft- tiers of the country. Frederick Star Jarvis knew what it was to encounter in his early years tlie hardships incidental to a pioneei- life : but he had the courage and enterprise necessary to meet them. AlM)ut the year IS."?") he settled in the township of Ancastei-, where he tk up farm- ing foi- himself, and here he met and mar- ried Miss Horninj,'. Subse(juently he moved to the township of Binbrls, and at twenty-two he mari'ied and t(K)k to farming for himself on the tract of land which he purchased in Saltfleet, adjoining the homestead. This he woiked foi- two years when he sold out and retvii'ned to the homestead at the request of his parents, who retired from farming and removed to Hamilton to leside for the rest of their days. For foui'teen years he continuecl on the old j)lace, when he also gave U}) faiming and embarked in the mercantile business in Grimsby. His experience in this line did not last long, liowever, as his store was burnt aiiout a year after, and since that time he has In-en living in private life. Tn connection with municijial affairs. Mi. Jarvis was for some time a leading tigure in Salttleet. F<»r tliree years he .sei\ed as cfiuncilloi- aiifl suVk '<|uently foi- two years as deputy-ieeve, at the end of which he letired. He wjis also for si.x years a trustee and secretary-treasurer of the Ixiard in S.S. No. 7, Salttieet, and was foi' several years a director of the SaltHeet and IJinbrook Mutual Fire Insurance Company. In local agricultural affairs he tiK»k a leading ])art, and was for many years a director of the Salttieet society, and ojiitrilmted materially to its success during the time he was connectetl with it. Tn j^Militics he has always l)een a staunch Conservative, and is known as one of the harrl workers for his party. Tn religion he is a Protestant and an adherent of the 3Ieth., wlnjlesale grocers, Hamilton, with which the gentleman whose name appears at the head of this article 1ms l)een distinctly associated since its organi- zation, over twenty-one years ago. John Henry Park is of Irish birth, having been born in the county Donegal, near Londonderry, on Octol)ei' 1>, 1844. Hi.^ ])arents were liobert Park and his wife, Elizal)eth Hoei'tson of Toron- t<». He first entered business life a-s a clerk in the wholesale grocery h<»use of the late (i. J. Forster, of Hamilt(m, and on that gentleman s death, in 1870, he joined Ti. A. Lucas as suc- ces.sors in the firm of Luca.s, Park it Co. Mr. Park was po.ssessed of gcMxl Imsiness ability, T 4 JOHN H. PARK, Hamilton, Ont. f 382 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. find the able manner in which he seconded the efforts of his principal contributed materiiilly to the ji^reat business success which has l)een achieved by the tirni. The stearn in the township of Binbnjok, June 8th, 1851, is descended on the pateiiial side from loyal British stock, while his maternal ancestoi"s, though of Geniian extraction, have also a dis- tinguished record in connection with Canadian affairs. His parents were Israel Awrey and his wife Elizjibeth, the latter a daugliter of the late George Rymal, of BinbrtKjk. At the time of the revolutionary war the Awi-ey family lived in Pennsylvania, and they all remained loyal to the Crown. It is related that one of these, Arnold, was drafted into the Ctmtinental army, but he refused to serve against the king, and in making his escape to Canada he liad to swim the Niagara river. At the close of the war, in 178i5, the various meml)ers of the family wei"e among the staunch band of U. E. Loyalists who sacrificed their homes in order that they might still live under the British flag, and, coming tolitical affairs. Her uncle, Jacob, wjis a member of the old Canadian parliament during the peri(Kl of the reljellion of 18;}7, and he, as well as her father, was in- cluded in the decree of Iwinishment issued against the leading supporters of William Lyon Mackenzie. They were afterwards pardoned under Lord P^lgin's proclamaticjn, and Jacob was again elected to parliament as one of the repre- sentatives of the old tiore District. His son, Joseph Rymal, familiarly known as " Honest Je paid to him some yeai-s after in the shape of a load of potatiK-s or a few- bushels of oats. He never lost his love for sur- gical anatomy, and the present Dr. Ridley tells how, while he was a student, he frecjuently accompanied him on his visits to his country patients and on such occasions was put througji a pretty hard anatomical grind. In jiolitics, he was an old-fa.shioned " Church-and-State Tory, ' but the most lil)eral-minded man and t<»lerant of men to those v. Iio difl'ered from him. Any thing like bitterness towards an opponent was foreign to his nature ; honour with him was part of his life. Duiing the rel)t:>lli :}84 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. ton, aixl som ac<|uiie(l ii birjie pnittict' vvliich li«' lifis carried on in such a manner as to win him the .sincere rej^ard of liis fellow-practition- ers and the esteem of the whole conmmnity. His devi>tion to liis profession has always l)een of the most ardent nature, and ic has lieen marked by an unceasinj,' eneriiy which has doubtless done much to aid him in acijuirif'^ the skill he is known to pissess as a me'lical man. From public matters he has alwav>^ held aloof, thoujjh takinj; a keen interest in political contests, both for the Province and the Domi- nion. Thou<.th a flee trader in ])ri!iciple, he has always been attached to the Liberal-Conserva- tive party, and is {«, stroneen contined to the Canadian Ordei- of Oddfellows, of which he has bev^n a member for the past thirty-six year.s, and iie has lon<; l)eeii the trusted physi- cian of Loyal Commercial Lun of the Rideau canal, and en<{ai;ed in the luml>er busi- ness. The Danis family came about the same time. The subject of our sketch leceived his early education at the connnon school, after which he attended Ottawa University, takinj,' a thorough classical and mathematical course and making engineering a specialty. In ISTti he carried off the Dutferin medal in mathematics, and in 1S7S he graduated as C.E. After gradu- ating he obtained a position as assistant to (i. W. Macklem, chief engineer of the St. Law- icnce and Ottawa railway, with whom he re- mained until the C. P. R. Company acijuireti the road, in ISML His next position was as divisional engineer on the ejistern section of thy Canada Atlantic line l»etween Beauharnois ca- I nal and Rouse's Point. This positicm he tilled i until 18S."), when he was appointed a.ssistant I engineer for the city of Ottawa. In July, 1SS7, on his chief, Mr. Surtee.s, taking the position of , water works engineer, he was app tinted city : engineer, the duties of wiiich otiice he has dis- charged with great ability and t() the entire satisfaction oi the civic authoiities. Devoting I himself almost exclusively to his prctfessitm, Mr. Perrault gives but little attention to out- .side atfairs and takes no part in either nmnici- pal or general politics. He has been a member of the Canadian Society oi Civil Engineers since its incorporation in June, 1887 ; he also beh^ngs to the St. Jo.seph"s Society and Ut the French Canadian Institute, Tn religion he is a Roman Catholic. In 1('**S7, Mr. Peirault mariied Martha, daughter of John Walsh, of Lacolle, P.Q., and has issue two sons and a daughter. Both in his otticial capacity and as a private citizen Mr. Perrault is much and deservedly esteemed in Ottawi". MAURICE FICHOT, Ottdini, Ont. MAURICE FICHOT, propriet(.r(.f the Ingres- Coutt'liier School of Modern Languages, Ottawa, was born in Paii.s, Fiance, December I'Jth, l8G.'i. He is the only son of Joseph Fichot and his wife, Alexandrine de Chatillon, these also being natives of "the gay ca])ital. ' His father was a prosperous silk manufactuier, having a large factory at Lyons. Our subject was educated at the Jesuit college in his native city, at whicli he graduated as liachelor of science in 1881. After the lap.se of several years, he came to Canada in 1889, and on his arrival made St. J' hn, X.B., his headcjuarters. But his .sojourn "down by the sea" only lasted alniut six months, for he .s(K>n found that further west there was a much better sphere of opera- tions in his specialty that of organizing schools for instruction in nuKlern languages. Accord- ingly, he came to Ottawa, aim connected him- self with the Tngres-Coutellier school, of which he became sole proprietor in the early part of 1891. The institution is in a very pi(>sj)erous conditi(M;, the staff consisting of five highly accomplished teachers of the French, German and Spanish languages, with a large roll of pupils. In atliliation with the main school at Ottawa, there are branches at Pembroke, Arii- prior, Kingston, Brockville, Smith's Falls, Perth and the Thousand Islands. There are also attili ated schools at Toronto and Hamilton, Out., St. John, N.B., and Charlottetown, P.E.I. M. Fichot, who has a high reputation as an in- T r MAURICE FICHOT, Ottawa, Ont. I t WW 1 -•-•-• 38G PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. stiuctor, bids fair to have a very successful tiiieer ir liis jnctfession, to which lie is enthusi- astically devoted. Natui'aliy, haviny; as yet l)een only a short time in Canatla, he takes comparatively little interest in public affairs, "ivinj; his entire attention to the educational '-stahlishment of which he is the head, and wliich. under his manae his clear, c< incise style and sound logical rea.soning soon attracted attentit)n. In ISo!) he established anothei- paper, L'Ordre, which he conducted for a short time, and in which he discussed the acts of the Cartier Coverr.ment, then in (ttfice, with marked indej)endence. Writing of Mr. Royals course at that time, a contemjunary biographei' says : — " While in journalism he could not keep within the tivices, and it was oidy in jiarliament he learned to appreciate the necessity of discipline. ' In 1804 he, with some kindred sjiirits, among wiiom was the gifted Pro vend ler, a j)ure type of the literary liohe- mian, and a poweiful writer in the Queliec j)ress, founded l^a Ririir ('iiiiififiiinii'. which for some time could hold its own in the literary woild even with leading Fiench reviews, and in its columns apjieared many valuable and interesting pajiers from the pen of Mr. lioyal. It was during this period, while the colonies were undergoing their re\iiliition fi'om scattered pi'ovinces into a confederation, that he pul)lished a pamphlet entitled " Con.siderations on the New Constitutional Changes of British North America." In this brochure he refuted, with clearness and irresistible logic, the preten.sions of the Anne.xationists of that day. He was also the author of " Vie Polititjue de Sir L es, who in the same year were sent t<» the iussistanee of the Holy Father. In 1870, he removed to Manitoba, where he established the French pa}>er, Le Metix^ which in 18lS2 he ceded to Hon. ^Ir. Lji Riviere, who still carries it on, under the title of Lf- Mtniititfjn. On his ari-ival in the prairie province, Mr. Royal l)egan to gi\e special attention to his profe.ssion, and in 1871 he was called to the bar of Manitoba. Subse- i|uently, in conjunction with the present Mr. Justice Dubuc, he built up a large piactice in Winnipeg, and was retained in many imjjortant cases. The most notable of those were: The Queen r. Ambrose Lepine, and The Queen r. Naud, who were tried at the Manitoba criminal assizes in 1874, for the executi<)n of Thomas Scott, under the provisional government of Ijouis Riel, and in which he was associated with Hon. J. A. Chapleau, Q.C., for the defence. In 18S0 he retired from the practice of the law, and tk the position of agent foi- the Credit Foncier Franco-Canadian. Prior to this, how- ever, Mr. Royal had taken a leading part in |>ublic affairs — in fact, he had Ijecome the lead- ing public man in the North-West. In De- ceml»er, 1870, the year of the erection of Mani- toba into a jirovince of the Dominion, he was elected for St. Frani^-ois Xavier West to the Legislative A.s.sembly, a compliment which was re}>eated at the general elections of 187 "2 and 1878. In the parliamentary arena he always held high place. He was the first Speaker of the Manitoba Assembly, to which position he was elected in 1871, and which he vacated in ^larch of the following year, on his appoint- ment as a membei' of the Executive Council and Provincial Secretary. On July 8, 1874, he, with his colleagues, resigned, and Hon. Senator Gii'ard was called u}>on to form a new administration, which he did. In Decemljer of the same year, however, Mr. (iirard gave place to Hon. R. A. Davis, and Mr. Royal was re- a[)i>ointed to the new cabinet as Provincial Secretary and Minister of Public Works. In May, 187G, he res' -led the latter positi(m for that of Attorney-General, which he held until the resignation of the goverinnent in 1878. Tnnnediately aftei'wards he was offered and ac- cepted the jMMtfolio of Minister of Public Works •>• ■«■. . ^ ^ r HON. JOSEPH ROYAL, D.C.L., LlEUTENANT-QOVERNOR, N.W.T. I- 388 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. I in the cabinet of which the late Hon. John Nonjuay was the leading figure, and this posi- tion lie held until early in 1871), when, owing \Ai a difference of opinion with the Premier he resigned. In December of the same yeai" .usiness on his own account, getting the capita! therefor from the sale of four shares of the Farmers' Loan and Savings Company of this city, an investment he had made from his previous earnings. With this small amount of money, but with the financial V)acking of Messrs. Isaac Joseph «k Co., who were located at the corner of York and Wellingt«m-streets, and who had every con- fidence in his ability and integrity, he commenced in a building on (Jeorge-street, and in addi- tigraphy. Tiiomas Elarle was lx)rn in the town.ship of Lansdowne, Leeds county, Septeml)er 23rd, 1837, his parents Ijeing William and Mai-garet (Taylor) Earle, lx>th natives of the North of Ireland. The Earle and Taylor families emi- grated to Canmla early in the present century — the former al)out the year 1817 — and they were among the earliest settlers in the county - 390 PROMINE27T MEN OF CANADA. of Leeds. Followin*^ the usual course of eiui- j;i"iiits in tliring of \)^i'>'2, wlien he sold out and, as already indicated, joined tiie exodus for the gold fields of CarilH)U. On the 1st Ai)ril he arri\ed at Victoiia, then a town of some six or seven thousand inlial>itants, and simih after de- j)arte(l for th<' mines in company with a number of others, all having in view the same ol)ject tliat of making a foitune. Hut tiiough many started on tlie journey, the number who reached tiieir destinatioPi was few, and fewer still were they who achieved theol)ject of their liopes and amliitions. The majority turned back in t!ie face <»f tiie tremendous difticuities which they encountered, l)ut among tho.se wiio p;'rse\ered to the end was Tliomas Earle. Possessed of any amount of energy and determination, he was not a man to turn back when he had set him- .self to accomi>lish an undertaking. For two sununers in succession he made the trip between Victoria and Caribou, oOO miles each way, travelling on foot tln-ough ahiiost trackless forests, and over high and jjrecipitous moun- tains, camping out at night — for there were no wayside liouses then -and transporting mining tools and provisions on pack mules. At the mines such hanlships were endured as are in- .separable from the life of the jtrospector in a wild countiv far lenioved from civilization. All kinds of commodities were dear — Hour at the rate of .^'ioQ per barrel ; bacon, 81.--") })er pound : beans, the same ; tea, ."?.'? j)er pound, whisky, ")0 cents a glass to those who were foolish enough to indulge in it ; gum boots, A'M] per i>aii', and all other necessaiies proportion- ately high. Mr. Earle stood the pr ;ssure for two seasons, but the results were disappointing; he failed to strike gold in j)Hying nuantities — in shoit, as he expresses it himself, fiis search for the precious metal wjis not a succe.s.s. But though he failed in this respect, it was not .so j in itliers, and his subsequent career ha.s Ijeen j one of phenomenal success. In the spring of 1864 he secured a |K».s)tion as lxM)k-keeper in the wholesale grocery establishment of SporWi'g »fe Rueti', Victoria, and in tiiis p.sition served until early in 18GG. The succeeding two years he spent trading in connection with the Big Bend gold mines on the Columbia river, and then, this new El-Dorsulo l)eing woi-ked out, he re- turned to Victoria. In the sj>ring of ISGO he entered into }>artnership with Mr. Hueff', in the wholesale grocery trade, under the firm name of J. Huett" it- Co. Six years later, Mr. Hueft" died in France, whither he had gone in .search of health, and Mr. Earle lieeame sole proprietoi- of the business, which h»' has cai'ried on in his own name ever since. Undei- his management the volume of trade done by this old-established house has expanded greatly, and its high rej)u- tation in commercial and business circles has l)een well maintained throughout. In addition to his extensive ti'ade coiinection, Mr. Earle has been engaged in numerous other imiM)rtant business ventures. He has Ix^en interested in several railway and other contracts, and notably in 1882, lie, in conjunction with A. J. Mc Ijellan, constructed twenty miles of the Esijuimault and Nanaimo Railway. He holds a controlling inteiest in the Victoria Coffee and Spice Fac- tory, estaiilished in 1880, and the fiiiest estab lishment of its kind north of San Franci.sco. In 1884, he, in comjjany with R. P. Rithet, Ca])t. John Irving, and Sir Joseph W. Trutch, built the Vancouver water work.s, which have since been purchased and taken over by the citv. He is also interested in the Esciuimault water works, is a stockholder and directoi- of the Canadian Pacific Navigation C(»m])any, it stockholder in the British Columbia Corporation Company, and is sole ownei' of two sealing \essel.s, l)esides much valuable real estate and mining proj>erty. Thougli having such laige and important busi- ness interests tlemanding his attention, Mr. Earle has not been unmindful of public affairs. During his residence in Victoria In has always taken an active part in forwai'ding every scheme for promoting the welfare and prosperity of the city and of the countiv at lai-ge, and in this re- spect he well deserves his reputation as an ener- geti • and i)ublic-spirited citizen. As a rule, he has declined cisic honours, owing to business coi'siderations, though he .serxcd for a time as alderman, and for a numl)erof years has l)een a i',ieml)er of the Council tii the Board of Trade. Though not a politician, he has always been a staunch Conservative, and in 188!) he was elect- ed by acclamation to the Dominion Pai'liament at the by-electitfn remlered necessary by the re- PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 31)1 tireineiit of ]Mr. Baker, tlie sittinfjnienilHT. This pfjsitioii he foiisented to ;itcej>t only iittei' hiiv- in*; l)een rejMMtedly iiryed to do so hy liis tVllow- elec-toi"s, t"i»r lie hud no desiie tor |M)litiial pre- ferment. Indeed, it was on aeoount of liis hii;h standing as a man and a eiti/.eii, rather than liis jxilitical affiliations, tliat the {)eo|)le chose him as their representative in the House of Conunoiis ; they had eontideiice that he eould he trusted, and they l)elieved that if he accepted the jH)sition he would faithfully dischariii the duties which it involved. Suhsi .pient eveut;. have show n that such confidence was not misplaced. While not attempting; to figure as a debater. Mi-. Earle's souikI sense and larj^e l)usiiiess experience have eiial)led him to render excellent service in connection with the husinessof Parliament. At the ifeneral election in is'tl, Mr. Karie and his colleague from Victoria (Col. Pryor). were elected by overwlielmin<; majoiitie.s, neither of their ojipoiients l)einass"s Straits, with all on board, save one man, whose rescue seemed little less than miraculous. These are but incidents in a career which was full of adventure and excite- ment. As a scientist, Dr. Selwyn not only did -♦-•-• 4. ► •■< 392 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. his work well, but in those cJuseH in which he fouiul it iiecessjiry toditfer iiiopiiiiim with other authorities, he had the sutisfaction of Hmliug actual results to accord with his view. For in- stance, he declareti that there was not in Victo- ria any workable coal nie.asures. His view was not accept**d by others, who also clainiex of photographs, most im- portant in connectit)n with his work, was left behind by a careless stage driver, and the de- lay thus occasioned, caused Dr. Selwyn to miss the steamer for San Francisco. The steamer was lost, with all hands, and the doctor's friends, who supposed he had carried out his intention of taking passage in her, m<»urned him as dead, until a message fnmi himself reassured them. Fifteen years later, while construction was in progress. Dr. Selwyn was one of a party, com- prised of members of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, whicfi hiul held its meeting in Montreal, and visited Field, at the sum- mit of the Rocky Mountains. While examin- ing the roads at the mouth of a tunnel near the station, the dropping of small flakes and chips of stone apprised him of danger, and he stepped aside barely in time Ui avoid the fall of a mass of rock about ten tons in weight. His escape on this occasion from instant death was little short of a miracle. Besides his regular work as the head of the survey. Dr. Selwyn has done ex- cellent service for Canada in directing the pre- paration of the Canadian mineral exhibits at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, in 1876, the Universal Exposition in Paris, in 1878, and the Colonial and Indian Exhibition in Lon- don, in 1886. In connection with these displays, he aided in the preparation of valuable liand- IxHiks, which assisted much in spretwiing abroad a knowledge of the mineral resources of the Do- minion. Commencing with 1854, he has actively participated in the work of seveii international or intercolonial exhibitions, from all of which he holds medals or diplomas. He is now en- gaged in the preparation of a ptirticularly fine collection for the World's Fair in Chicago, in * N I'KOMIXEXT :iEX OF C AX AD A. 393 |S<).{. Besides the liteniiy work airi'iuly iiien- ti<»iiet" the j>liysieal tea tui'es of this fontnient e\er ijjiven. 'I'lie comini; ot" Dr. Selwyn to Canada, to take the hii^li jxisi tion which was ort'ered him, aroused t"eelini.'s of jealousy amoiij; those w ho t'elt that they had lieen sujiplanted. The ac-i'imonious rontrover- sies caused by these t'eelinjis emhittered the closing years of Sir William Logans life. Dr. Selwyn has shown i^reat moderation and self restraint in rejjard to these matters, allowini; many injustices to pass without reply, trustinu to time to justify him. In so far as he has deemed it ad\ i.sable to itarticijiate actively in the trouble, he has sliown himself abundantly able to take i-ai-e of his own side of the <|uestion. Di-. Selwyn is a meml)er of the Jioyal Society of England, the Koval rmperial Society of Ber- lin, the Academy of Natural Scienci-. Pliiladel- l)hia, the Royal Society of Canada, and many other important learned as.sociations, including those of Italy, Belgium, and other foreign coun- tries. In the geographical section in the Paris Exhibition, in l!S86, !ie had the honour of Ijeing c-hoseii the chairman of the Jury on Inteina- tional Cartography. His long icsidence in Ot- tawa has made Dr. Selwyn one of the best- known citizens of the Capital. His manner is dignitied, yet genial, that of the English geii- tlemau, and he is honoured and ivspected by a host of friends. REV. FEATHERSTONE LAKE OSLER. Tiii'ottfii, Out. rp H E R E V. F E AT H E R STO N E L A K E L OSLER was born at Falmouth. Cornwall. P^ngland. December Uth, 1S()."). He is the thiid son of Edward Osier, and Maiy (in'f Paddie) his wife, also born at Falmouth. His father wa.s a merchant and sliipH»wner of that town. Our subject went to .sea in the schooner yacht '• Saj)- pho, ' with Captain Powell, liis brother-in-law. Later on. he l)ecame a naxal cadet on board the "Cynthia," whicii was wrecked on "Cobbler rocks, West Indies, l)ut was re.scued by H.M.S. " F^den," Eail of Huntingdon being commander. He was otrtcer of the watch when the ship struck. He was honouiably ac([uitt(^l at couit martial, and was placed on the Itooks of H. M. S. ''Britannia," and afteiwards on the •• N'ictory (Nelsons old ship). Subsetiuently he was ap- pointed sub-lieutenant to the *• Tribune," a forty-two gun frigate, and aftei- two years to the " Warspite,' then to the ••Algerine." Mr. Oslei' then i-eturned to Euirland and began to study tor holy orders. In Octoljer, 1^:5:5. he entered St. Catheiine's College, Camliridge. and was elected mathemutical scholar of flie 1 .liege at tin- tirst c-.\amination. I'piwr Canada CI ■'•gy Society inxited him to go to Canada as a iiiissioiiary. He agreed to do so for fi\t' years, and was a!'.owe7, arrd sailed for- l^ueliec, on April t>th. l^'.ST, Dr-. ScachUng, of Toronto, lieing a fellow pass'/riger-, then a di\i;iit\ m- dent. He landed in (.Quebec at the end of May, was warmly received by Bishop Mountain, and admitted to priest's or-ders. .Vttei a har-d jour- ney, he arr-i\c'cl at Tecumseth, his (-h;ii-ge being the t<)wnships of Tecumseth arrd West (iwillim- bury, twenty rrriles by twenty-four-. The tirst ser-\ ice was held irr iVcuirrsetli, on June L'.'rth, l!^."]7. The frarrre-work oriK of the churches existed then at both places, iiut they were corrr- pleted liefor-e winter-. A weekly ser-vice was held in a stable at P>oridhead. His elde.st .son, Featherstone (now Mr-. .Iustic-e Oshr-), was born at Newrrrarket, 1S;5S. The r-ectory was in Te- cumseth. His j)r-oper charge extendtnl over the ar-ea irow tire Courrty of Sinrcoe and parts of (•r-ty. Deputations fr-om outlying distric-ts ha\- ing errtreated his ministrations, services were held in twenty townships, extending over- li.UUO miles. There were twenty-eight corrgregatioirs and as many Suirday-sL-hools. and the most distant could only be visited once in six months. His first catechist was nairred Thorrras Duke, and he had six young nren trained for the n irristry, who helped as catechists. One thousand two hundred children were in.str-ucted in the Sunday- sch(M»ls. soirre of vvhorir walked six miles to attend. A sewing-school was car-ried on by Mr-s. Osier-, which was a gr-eat bless' rg to the girls of the parish. Ther-e wcr-e terr churches built. togetlnM- with other- churches built later- by dei-gyirrerr in charge of jiortions of his tir-st nrissionaiy district. In June. 1S41. the tir-st Sunday-school tr-eat was held, when al>out ti\e hundr-ed childr-en fr-om twelve neare.st schools attended. Irr 1S42, health being l>r-oken fr-onr an abscess irr his back, oc-ca sioned ly fi-e(|uent long ridirrg, he werrt to Eng- land for- rest. The Earl (»f (Jalway and leadiirg rroblemeri arrd c-ler-gv ar-r-arrged a meeting in Loir- don. and the S. }'.(;. placed thr-ee of Rev. Mr. Osier's students orr their- list. The Society for Promoting Chiistiarr Knowledge also \otesler"s incum- hemy. The deht on I)undas ehurcli was paid, anrAS MrUHAY, M.P. f(.r Pontiac, Que- *- hec. is a native of Carleton county. Onta- rio, where he was horn on the iJ^th of .lanuary, IS.'iO. He is the son of Mr. James Murray, a native of Kini.'"s county. Ireland, who eame to Canada with his father when twehc years of aite. The family settled in (iloun)ourne town- ship, Caileton county. Mr. Muiray. senior, was a merchant on the Kideau Canal durintruction of that work, hut ut death sul»- se«|uently dissolved the partnership. Mr. .M in- ray then associattnl himself with his youniier brother. William, the tirm name iM-comini: T. tV- W. Muiray. The business, which was that of merchants and trailers, has since l»'en carried on with sinjfular success. The brotln-rs Mm- lay have also, either toj^ether or s»']>arately, oj)erated more or less extensively outside their rejfular busines.s. in lundn'riiiir, real estate, rail- w.iy contract inj;, and niininj;. The natural trade of the Cp]K*i- ()ttawa. in furs, produce, lumln'r, and i^eneral merchandise is \ery exteii- si\e, and no inconsidcralile share in it has fallen to the enterprise of the Messrs. Murray. The construction of the Canadian Pacific Hailway also put enormous trade in the iiands of those merchants of the district w ho had the enterjirise and the business capacity to carry it oir. Pro- minent amonissin<,'. rnderthe rrame of W. .Murray iV Co.. arr e.\terrsi\(> liusi- rress is corrducted at Chapleau, the divisional headt|uar-ter-sof the Canadian Pacific. alMiut two hundr-ed miles west of Sudbur-y. At this point, as at North Hay, the divisional heail(|uar-ter-s on Lake Nipissiriij, as well as at Pembroke, Mr-. Murray has extensive real estate interests. He was orre of the first to " locate " a mining' claim in tl;e Sudbury i-eiji<»rr, of which so much has of late been written. This claim is still known as the Murray Mine, arrd is now l)einposits in the di.strict. When the C^mada Central Hailway (since inco'- j>or-ated with the Caiwulian Pacific) vas build- ing. Messrs. T. iV: W. Murray had tin- contract for- yradinjj; sixteen nriles at Pembroke. Later, they made a bar-i^ain for- the (-(instruction of the ferrce. Tlieii- clairrr arisinj^ out of this latter- work was the basis of lonj,' arrd excitinj,' litijja- tion. the Carradian Pacific Coiirparry beinij; the defendants. Tire case was fouyht fr-orn cour't to THOMAS MURRAY, M.P., Pembroke, Ont. r 396 rHOMIXEST -l/A'A" OF CANADA. court until at leti^ith tlii' Sui>ieiiif Court at Ot- tawa i^avf iu(l;;iiifiit in t'a\oiir ot' Messrs. Mur ray. witli costs. Mr. .Murray was oru- ot' tlit- provisional dirt'ctors of tin- Nipissin;; and Janus I5ay Hailway. Wlirii the <|iu-stion ot' snhsidi/in;: the load ranif iM't'orc the ( )iitario ( hi\ cnnntMit. lie was mainly instrumental in secinin!; tor the sle ronsideration of I'rt-mier Mowat and iiis colleajrnes. For his own town ot' I'emltroke. Mr. .Murray has done much, and has used a consideral)le jHntion of the irieans he has ac<|uiivd in construct in;: Hue l>uiidin;.'s. NN'ithin the thrivin;; municipality. Mr. Murray entered pul)lic life as a memU'r of the town council ill l^*).?. Durin;,' the time he was in the council, the (|uestion of the location of the jiroposed new county luiildiiiiis aro.se. SeNcral enterprising; towns entered into comj»etition with Pemi)roke for the honour of haviiii,' these l)uiMin;;.- located within their borders. Mr. Mur- ray went into the contest with vi<;our, and it was lariiely due to his earnest etVorts that Pemliroke was at last selected. lie was chairman of the huildin;; eoinmittee durinj; the c«»nstruction. and his practical business aliility was of ureat ser- \ ice to the council while he acted in that capa city. Mr. Murniy wa.s the reevt' of Femhroke foi sexeral consecutive terms. He showed himself always ready to devote his ener^jjies to the pub- lic ;;oarty h^i^ ^" l[r. Murray chose to run for- this seat. In the local contest that folio \»'d. Mr-. Murray was opjHised by .Mr-. Thomas [te^eon, t^.C.. whom he defeat - •hI. In the gene.iU election of 1S71, the for- tunes of war were against him. and Mr-. Heacon. who was again his opjMtnent. was successful. In the iKtminion general election of |S7'J. .Mr. .Mui ray was nominated for- Pontiac. (^ueU'c. and fought a strong, mardy camjiaign. luit unsuc- ces.sfully. In the election of 1S74. which fol- lowed the defeat of the first Consei\ati\e ad ririnistration. Mr-. Murray was again a t-andidate for- North Renfrew, his opjMinent beiriLT .Mr-. Peter- White, afterwar-ds SjK'akei- of the House of Commons. Mr-. White was successful, but this contest was ordy one of a series which ar-oused i)olitical feeling to fever heat. Mr-. White was unseated for- conujtt practices by agent, and in the contest that followed. Mr- \Vm. Murray, his brother-, was elected. He was appealed against in turn and unseated for- the satire reason that hatl voided the previous election. The rre.xt election the Conser-\ati\es won. Tn the general election of 1S7S, Mr-. Mur- ray once more ran for Pontiac for- the l).>rtrinion House, but again suti'ered defeat. In the gen er-al election f'.ir- the Local House in the follow- ing year-. 1S7'.I. he was. however-, elected for North Renfrew . When the general election for- the Donrirtiort caitre on, in June, 1S82, Mr-. Mur- ray r-esigned his seat in the legislature to con- test once more the rei)r-esentation of the riding in the House of Commons with his old opponent. -Mr-. White. The result was unfavcairable. Mr. Murray attributed his defeat on that (.'ccasion to the fact that the Doininion (iovernment pas.sed an <)rder- in council agreeing to relieve Pembr-oke of sorrre s7").000 railway indebted- ne.s.s, subject to the ratiticatiorr of par'liament, which ratification was afterwards givert. Tn the pr-ovincial gener.-il election of 18S;5. Mr-. Mun-ay was r-e-nominated for- the legislature, and was elected. Again, in 1SS(), he was r-etuiried to the legislatur-e, but in the genei'al election of iSKO he was defeated by a narr-ow niajor'ity. Being inclined to retire to private life, he ac- cepted the shrievalty of Renfrew, but when the Dominion general election of IS'.U was announc- ed, the love of battle was tiwi sti-orig to be re- sisted, so he resigned after- four- weeks of office and was nonrinated for- Pontiac. He was op- jxi.sed by Mr-. Brv.son, the sitting mentl>er-, and by Mr-. McLeair. who i-an jus an Independent, and polled a considerable Liberal vote. In this corrtest Mr-. Murray won by a hairdsoine majo- rity. Fnim the alxtve summary of the political campaign in which Mr. Mitrr-ay has been the staudairl-l>eai-er of his part'- those who know I'KOMIXENT MES OF C AX ADA. Wl I the wear and tear involved in an eleetinn eon- te»*t, will be alile to judjie of its ctwt in the ex- jH-tiditure of enef<;\' and means. Tn a (-ani]iai;;n. he is known as an < H'ective |)latt'oini s|(eaker, and a ceaseless woikei-. In parliament he haw always In-en |M»|iular with his t'eilow inemlieis. whoadniiie his w hole-sou led desotion to prineiple and the zeal he has shown in u|iholdin;i prineijile In-fore the ]>eo]>Ie. He has not made it a |>rae- tii-e to sj)eak often in parliament. Init when he does sj>eak he is listenefl to with resp«'et hy Initli sides of the Hous«'. Mr. Mnriay was mar ried on the 21tli of January. IS.")."), to M.ss.lane CojH'land. of Kiehiiiond. [Since the alxjve was written, .Mr. Muriay was unseated hy the rourts for a tiitlini; corrupt expenditure on the part of a zealous friend, l)Ut HiU ayain in the hy-election held in June. 181L', and was defeated hy the Conseivative candi- date. Mr. Murray attributes his ilefeat to {1st) his o]>]M>nent"s ojien declaration tliat if he was elected the (ioveinnient would relieve the coun- ty j»artially, if not wholly, of its .*?17r),000 rail- ■vay indebtedness ; (I'nd) to what he terms an ini<|uitous Dominion Franchise Act that enabled the (ioveinment candidate to manipulate the voters' list in a inost unjust and paitisan man- ner, and (3rd) to the direct expenditure by his ojiponent of at least .SIO.OOO to corrupt the electorate. If such aie the facts as a!le<;ed l)y Mr. Murray, it is not sur])iisinji that he fiiled in a ))y election to cairy sudi a iietdy county {US Pontiac] JOHN CHER A R, Q.C., JIfiillUfnii. Ollf. TOHN CliKHAH. Barrister at law, (^J.C, and •I County Crown Attoiney, is a iientleman ' who foi" years jiast has occupied a distin- jiuislied |M)sition in lejjal, political and social circles in the city of Hamilton, as well as in many other parts of the Proxince of Ontario. Hoth by biith and by descent he is a Seotcli- man. He was Ixnn at Crietf'. Perthshire, Maich 24th. lS;iO, his parents iH'iniT Alexander and Marjjaret (Edyar) Creiai-. Ixitli natives of the .same part of the country. His father, thouj^h a mechanic, was an extensive reader and pos- sessed considerable liteiary ability. Durinj; his lifetime lie was a well known contrilmtor to the lotal journals of the day. while the family of ti\e sons, of whom John '-as the eldest, jiroved men of exceptionally hiijh talent in their se\e- ral walks of life. One of then), Rev. Thomas Crerar, M.A., of Leith, is a prominent divine in the Free Church of Seotland, who distin- frui.Hhed himself as a student by wininn^ the Cunninu'ham scholarship at Kdiid»uriih I'niver- sitN. an I in later' yeais has eonti'il)Uted to the literature of his nati%e «.oiintry several valuable tianslatioiis from (ieiman w liters on theoloj^ical sul)je(ts. .\nother, .\lexandei-, is a successful West Indian merchant in London: (iraham is a successful manufacturer in (il.isiiow. and Peter, the younjiest. who is a partner in our sul>ject"s law tiini, was a j>rize scholarship student at (!las;.'ow rni\ersity. an.j station- ed at various times in (iuelph, Hamilton, M(m- tieal, London and Petei'lMMo'. While in Lon- don he married (November 10th, 1^64), Jessie Anne, eldest daughter of the late Hon. Adam Hope, Dominion Senator, and two years later-, at Ml'. Hoj>e's suyfjestif)n, lie gave up bankinj; and €a<;ai)i tk up the study of the law, this time in the ottice of E.J. Par-k, liar rister-, of Lfindori. Subse<|uently he studied with the late S. B. Freeman, at Hamilton. arnl afterwards witli the late Chief Justice Harrison, at Toronto. Tn this part of his career- 31 1-. Crerar was eminently successful, winnini; the tiist law seholarshij) at r)s<;(Mide Hall in each year- of his cour-se. He was called to the bar in 1S71, and immediately commenced practice in Hamilton, where he lias I'esided ever- since. For near'ly seventeen years he had as jiartner- John Muir', now Junior- Judffe of Wentworth, and the firm of Crerar it Muir was widely known as one ot the hi<;hest stand- ing and most successful in the city. That repu- tation is well maintained at the jiresent time by the tiriii of Crer-ar-, Crerar- it Bankiei-. who, in addition to their lai-ye general pr-aetice, are solicitors tor the Molsons Bank, the Hamil- ton Provident arrd Loan Co., and many of the leading wholesale houses in the city. All through his legal practice Mr-. Crerar has been noted for his sound common sense, his thorough f ''. T-^' -- 398 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. I knowledge of the law, his reinarkahle power with the jury, and the earnestness whicli he has invariably displayetl in the conduct of ali cases intrusted to him. In 1881, he was apjKjinted County Crown Attorney, a position for which his special fitness had Ijeen alrejuly recognized in his frequent employment liy the government as prosecuting att<)rney in criminal cases. He wjus made a C^.C. by the Ontario Government in 1 S89. Mr. Crerar is gifted with splendid talents iis a delwiter, and for many years he luis l)een a widely known platform speaker. He first attract- ed pui)lic attention in this latter capacity during what is still well rememliered in Hamilton as the Wellington, Grey A' Bruce Railway cam- piiign, and in which he assisted Mi-. Aflam Blown with great effect in securing the success- ful passage of the township by-laws sanctioning Ijonuses to that road. On the questions of tax- ation and currency he h(»lds pronounced opinions, having always l)een fond of the study of {)olitical economy. He is one of the few men who upon the public platform can popularize what, has l)een designate1, and an ardent supjx)rter of unrestricted reciprocity l)e- tween Canada and the United States, as a step- j)ing stone to f i-ee trade with all the world. This he thinks, would soon come after the ad\an- tiiges of the partial emancipation were seen and felt. He also holds tt) the lielief that a high nioral tone in public affairs is incimipatible with the existence of pmtection. Though generally classelic offices and draw the salaries ; and he has fre- n eitlMi- party over the other, l)ecause freedom to buy is as nmch to Ije desired as freedom to .sell. In his political sf)eeche8, Mr. Crerar shows the advantage «)f th< trough familiarity with the subject, and never ventures i)eyond his depth. He has a go of free trade in o[tj)osition to the N. P. l>ut though strongly radical, he subse(|uently showed that he was oidy prepared to follow his party when at one with its policy. Tn the cam- paigns of lSf<.'J and 1S,S7 he refused to take any pait, on the ground that the Liberal party were then heretical on the trade (|uestion, which, in his view oveisha<' iwed all othei' jtublic issues. Tn the election of ISKl, however, he once more tartiiiisliiie, Sfotlarid. May 29, IS.5'.*. His jtart'iits were James and Annie (Reiinie) Meicer, and he was tlie only son in a taniily of five chiUhen. His fathei' was factor and j;atnekeej»er for Jolni Haird, a well-known ni('nii)ei' of the famous Baird family of dart- shei'rie. On his mothers side he is descended fi-om a leadiiifi family of ajjrieulturists, her fathei-, the late Alexanc'er liennie, having heen one of the most prominent men of his time in that part of Scotland. Young James was educated at the parish school of the district, and at the aj^e of foiuteen went to learn the carpentry trade at Coathridije, where he served his time. At the close of his aj)preiiticeship he proceeded to f the subject of our sketch, ilied a year earlier, (letti.ig an education when Mr. Adams was a lM)y at Lu- ton, was attended with many ditticulties. The schools were jxiorly conducted, and it was neces- .saiy for him, to reach one, to tra%el from four to tive miles across fields and l)ogs, and in the roughest kinds of weatlui-. Tiring of this when twelve years old, he decided, young as he was, to seek his foi-tune elsewheie, an«l to this end went to Lt)ndon and to work as errand Ijoy in a butcher shoji, wht-re he remained until he had thoroughly leai-ned the business, and then branching out for himself in the same line, with the addition of provisions. At this he continued until IStJ-"), wlien he decided to cross the Atlantic. Taking passage on the steamer Virginian at Liverj)ool, after a voyage of foui- teen days, he reacheor- tions, Ml'. Adams now selling at lH)th whole- sale and retail, anil supplying several of the larger hotels of the city. In 1)S^<0, Mr. .\dams was admitted to the mysteries of tiie Masonic Order, joining at that time King Solomons Lnlge, but now lu'longing to Alpha Lught ten y»'ars ago on Roncesvalles Avenue, in the western part of the city, and which he has greatly improved since he has been living in it ; and it also enabled him, in 1889, to visit England on a pleasure trip with his family. YY HON. JAMES HOP.KKT (iOWAN, Q.C., LL.I).. liiirri'-. Out. TAMES PvOr.EHT (iOWAN, (J.C.. LL.D., »J Senator of the Dominion. Though Hon. Ml', (towan is now nuinl»ei'ed among the legis- lators of the Dominion, and though he has ren- dered excellent service in that cajiacity, it is rather as an administrator of the law that he has made himself famous, and placed his coun- trvnien under the deepest debt of gratitude to him. None know U'tter than the greatest of those who have taken part in the advocacy of great measures of reform, and have succeeded at last in having their \iews einlMKlied in sta- tutes, how uttei-ly useless their lalniurs would Im' but for those men who patiently work out the details of the idea and j)ut them down in black and white, ami those other men whose task it is the even more dillicult the ripe old age of S4, passing away iu ISG-'i. The subject of this sketch liml received a fair education at private schintment came from the Baldwin-Ljifontaine administia- tion, and, as the contributor in " Representjf- tive Canadians'' says, "No tribute is needed from any })en to the legal ca]>abilities and the integi'ity of a young man whom Kobert liald- win would select . . . to till a place upest prouf that the administration was wisely advised in chsitioii lie still IkjIcIs after almost half fi cfiitury of service. f)ii the death of Rev. S. 15. Anlaffh, M.A., the tirst chairman, Ju(l;;e (iowan was elected as liis succe.ssor. He is still ill that jM»sition as chairman of the IJarrie Colle>^iate Institute !»oard, so that this institution pivsents the i-emarkahle iec<»rd of havinj; had only two chairmen since its mmv formation. in the oltl days of the Boa I'd of Puhlie Instruction of Barrie, l)efore the pre.sent complete pi'ovincial system was estahlished, Judge (iowan was the Chairman of the iniard. This Ixnly j)erfornied the duties of exaniiner.s, and, to a j^reat e.xtent, those now releecame neces.saiy to consolidate the diflerent statutes in force. Judge (iowan was one old to perform the more arduous of his duties and believing so, he thought it was his ♦ -•-. X PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 405 duty to ni.ake way for a younjier mun. His re- tiieiupiit was made \\w ofcasion of the jneseiita- tion of several addiesses, one from tlie Imrof the ility, his kindly manner and never-fail- iiii,' <,'eakiiiji in the most laudatory terms of Mr. (iowan's life and work. IJefore his return to Canada he was niiide a t^ueen s Counsel, an honoui- which liad l>een denied him hefore by liis occujtancv of the Bench, which heifan when he had under four yeais" standinj; at the bar. Tn January, ISSn, Mr. (Jowan was summoued to the Senate of the Dominion. This choice was mi>st favour- ably commented ujM)n, not only by tln» minis- terial pres.s, but by many journals which sup- jM»rt the Liberal OpjMisition. and many of which are opjM»sed to the continued existenc.) of the Senate as a body. The county council of Siiii- coe jnesented the new Senator with a comjdi- mentary address, cordially endorsing; the action of the fjovernment in recominendini,' to the (iovernor-(!eneral his appointment as a member of the Canadian House of Loids. His course since liis entrance ujkhi the duties of a lei^is- lat(>r has ami)ly justitied the expectations of his friends. His experience on the bench has<^i\en him a knowledge of the law such ;i.s few jm»s— sess, and he, nior»' than any other without such ex[)erience. understands its defects. ( )ne of the tasks he jierformed since entering the Senate Wiis to call attention in an exhausti\e. learned and able speech to the defects of the (band Jury system, a sjH'ech that has i,'iven direction t- |)osjil of a select committee of the Senate to hear the evidenc in the several cases was ac- cepted. Dr. liourinot, in his jjreat work on parliamentary practice, s|)eaks in euloj^istic terms of "the improvements which ha%e taken place under the ener<;etic and learned sujier- vision of Senator (lowan."' Tn 1(^S4 Mr. (Jowan was yiven the honorarv deyree of LL.D. bv (Queen's Univei-sity, he lieiii;; one of only thirteen men who have l)een thus honouretl. Hon. Mr. (Jowan still has his residence at l»arrie. He is a memU'r of the Church of Knjiland. Tn iS.'i.'i he was married to Aniut, dauv;!iter of the Hev. S. U. Ardaiih, M.A., rec- tor of IJarrie. IlEV. GEOIUJE MONRO (JRANT, D.D., KhujHton, Out. pEV. CJEORfJE MUNHO GRANT, D.D., IV Princij)al of (Queens Univer.sity, Kiiij,'- .ston, Ontario. — In an aj^e too prone to rank mere material tjood alnive the hi<;her well-lH-iiifj of man, it .s well for Canada that she lan claim in Principal vJrant a representative Canadian — rejuesentative at least of her higher, purer, and more i^enerous life. Tlie Principal of (Queen's University is emphatically what the late editor of the " Century " inairazim' once styled him, " a strong man," havinj,' that union of diverse qualities that constitutes stren<,'th. He conies of the tine old Celtic stoeen most valuahle to him in fitting him for his later work among men. He did not remain long in Scotland, how- ever, for though the heauty and culture of the land of his fathers had many attracti<»ns for him, he felt that to Canada his heart and his duty called him. He ministered for a time to the (juiet country charge of Georgetown, in Prince Edward Island, from which he was soon call.'d to the pastorate of St. Matthews Church, Halifax, one of the oldest congregations in the |)ominion. His gifts as a pulpit orator were soon ivcogiiised. The force, directness, and reality of liis preacliing strongly attracted to him thoughtful young men, who found in liim one who could understand theiidwn ditiiculties, and who never gave them a "stone " for the " bread " they craved. His charge grew and prospered, and a new chui'ch was built during his pastorate. His ministerial relations were so happy that it wjis a real pain when a voice that lie could not resist called him to another sphere. When his friend and j)arisliioner, Sandford Flem- ing, civil engineei', was about to start on a sur- veying expedition for the proposed Canadian Paiitic Railway, Dr. (Jrant accompanied the party for a much-neelume(published by Hun- tei', !{ose it Co., Toronto), called attention to Prin- cipal (Jrant as a writer, and though his time and strength have Ihmmi t much taxed in other fields to leave him leisure tor much literai'v lalxiur, his vivid anil forceful style has matle him a wel- come contributor to Canadian and American jieiitwlical literature, as well as to "(JimkI Words " and the "Contemporary Review." Several arti- cles of his in the "Century " magazine have given American reatlers some idea of the extent and grandeur of the Canadian Pacific. His happy associations witli the incepticmof this en- terprise, and repeated visits during its progress, have given him an almost romantic interest in an achievement worthy of the " brave days of oth for (Jreat Britain herself and for her scat- tei-ed colonies, as well as foi- the world at large, in which such a federation might l)e a }M»tent influence, leading possibly to a still greater An- glo-Saxon fetlerati(»n. To such a consunnnation his wide and catholic synipathies would give a hearty (Jod-speed. But he l)elieves intensely that, in order to secure a noble destiny, there must be a noble and healthy political life, and that for this there n\ust Ihj a high and healtliy tone of j)ublic opinii>n, a pu/e and lofty patriot- ism. And this he earnestly seeks to j)roniote as in him lies. The fi>llowing stirring woi-ds re- cently published in the Mtiilnre a good illustra- til<>fks of cnul j in tlif Pictoii iniiu's, \vaii(U'rc«l tliioujjli ^^leiis nt" , CajH' Breton and around Cape Nortli, and f a vote, a eon- stitueney, or a jirovinee. The evils inflieted on a fountiy l>y the virulence of hliiid jiaity spirit he has a^^ain and ai^ain exjMised, with a frank- ness that tinds no favour from the thorouiih-yoin^' partisans of eithei- side. During the eleetions of 1SS6-7 his voice and jk'Ii urj^ed on all whom he could reach the honest discharge of the most sacred tiust of citi/.enshijt, the paramount duty of maintaininji political purity of op|K)sinji, ii^< an insult to manlnMid itself, t'vt'ry approach to Itrilwrv, direct or in often confine themselves, he fol- lowed the example of the old Hel»rew propliets in denouncing the moral evils that threaten t<» sap the ]>ublic conscience, and seeking at a jmb- lic crisis to uphold the " right(>ousness that ex- alteth a nation." Fn 1S77, Principal (irantwas called from his pastorate at Halifax to take the responsible ottice of Principal of Queen's Univer- sity, Kingston. It was no sinecure that was offered him. and considerations of personal ha]>- piness and comfort would have led him to de- cline the call. But the university had urgent need of just such a man to ])reside over its in- terests, and he could not refuse what he felt a call ( >f duty. The institution was passing thn »ugh a financial crisis, and it was ini]>eratively neces- sary that it should beat once placed on a secure basis, with a more satisfactory ecjuipment. He threw himself into his new work with character- istic energy, and his great talent for organization and comprehensive plans scK)n made itself felt. It is maiidy due to his counsels and efforts that the university has been able to lengthen her cords and strengthen her stakes, as in the last ten years she has done. His eloquence stirred up the city of Kingston to provide a beautiful and counnodious l)uildiiig to replace her former cramped and inconvenient habitatictn. But the gifts that he secured for lier treasury were of less account than the stinudus impartens in the class-rcHim, like his preaching, are char- acterised by breadth of thought, catholicity of sympathy and vividness of presentation. He has instituted a seines of Sunday after- ncx)n services for the university, conducted - 1 •■(>♦ 408 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. soinptinies hy Iiimself or other professors, soiite- tiiiH's liy t'lniix'iit jin-iU'liei-s tioiii otlu-r jtliict's hikI <»f (litlertMit (It'iiomiiiiitions. TIh-sh are iiiufh iipimH'ifit^'d, not only Ivy the Professors Hiid students, Imt also Ity ji l;nj{e el;is> of tlie tlioni;litfid eitizens of Kinj^st;»n, to wlioni — tliou^^li many iuhniralile sermons are jireaehed there nom- are moic welcome than those of the Prineijial himself. As a jtreaeher, he is marked hy simplieity, direetiiess, earnestness, and force. For ••fine writinji " 'i'"' rhetorical and tinishcd perimls he has no admiration, and aims instead at the direct ccjiiversational styh', for which he has the highest of all examples. He is init afraid of plain sjM'akint;, and prefers direct ap|M'als to heart and consci«-nce to theoloj^ical disipiisitions. \ aluing only that \ital reli/* n which is the rt of ri;,'ht feelinji -I'lil "■ - Jietion in daily life, he has no lespect '> ,. .-•'profession of faith without its fiuits. As in tlie cas«' of |Kiiitical sins, so he denounces social and indi\idual sins witii the .same fearless freedom, l'flie\inj; that this i.s one of the [)reacher"s nn. t ; .h inn duties. He strives not foi- '>//J-«7 hut for ■tf'-rt.s, anuring Kepuhlic. He is always on the side of the generous and unselfish jxilicy as against that of inei-e exjKHliencey, and he seeks torn on the 1 1th < >ctoiM-r, lf<4.'$, near Shrewshury, the home of " the proud Salopians," in Shropshire, Knglantl, and is the youngest son <)f William Littlehales, of the sjime cecial line. During his administration, the works have heen entirely rehuilt from his own designs and suggestions, and the cost of gas has heen reduced fully one- half as comj)ared with its price when he under- took the management These facts are a fur- ther testimony to his skill and ingenuity. As a consulting engineer, his services have heen in freijuent demand in various parts of the country. Among the works he has carrie«l out were the reconstruction of the gas works at (Jiielph, Brantford and St. Catharines, and the design- ing and huilding of the IJarrie gas works, l)esides others of lesser im|Mirtance. Mr. Little- hales WSI.S, for three successive years, elected one of the vice-]»residents of the American (ias Light Association, of which he has heen an active memher from its first vear of orjraniza- i t THOMAS LITTLEHALES, Hamilton, Ont. A. ^i— 410 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. tinii, ami for a, huiiiImm' n-sultf*! in the iiivt'iitiiMi ut" a new priK-ess ot" ;;as iiiakiiifi, whirli liasraus«'(i much iiiterrst in the yas Nvorld. Apart t'lKiii liusiiH'ss matters, Mr. Littlehales' fliiet' attention has l»een t^iven to the suhjeet of music, to promote and atlvance wliicli he has la)M)ui'ein would esidesl>ein<^ himself a skilful jierformer on the vi(»loncello and doul»le-l)ass, every menil)er of liis household is a trained musician. The fame of the Littlehales family thus extends over the country. It can Ixwust in itself a complete strinj; (juintette, tii-st and second violins, victhi, cello and doultle hass a comhiiiation exceed- inijly rare in the memlH-rs of one family. I^ich of the children (of whom there are six), per- forms on two instruments, the ])iano, and either the violin or violoncello, while the eldest dau;,'liter. Edith (who died in July, lf<01 ) studied under theln'st mastei"s in Europe, and was some- thinj; more than a local celebrity. ( >f this young ladys musical career, a recent article in the Doiiiiiiloti ///nsfrtifi'ff gives the following par- ticulars : •• At ten years of age Miss Littlehales was the tirst violin of the ' Family Quartette." consisting of herself, her l)rotlier, snother and father. When only sixteen years of age, Miss Littlehales was selected as tirst violin, or leader of orchestra, in the festival performances of ' Creation ' and ' Samson," with a chorus of live hundied voices, and an orchestra of tifty-eight performers, under the direction of Mr. F. H. Torrington ; and iii many other oratorio and orchestral perfoiinances, she was to l>e seen at the leader's desk. In 18f^7, she entered the Hoyal Conservatorium of Music. Leipzig, study- ing the violin under Professor Frederick Her- man and Hans Sitt, and jtiano and singing under other masters." One of the imi>ortant accom- j)lishments of Mr. Littlehales, in connection with his nmsical work, was the fimnding of the Juhal Club, and in an at tide in the Etmh' (a Philadelphia nmsical journal) on musical societies, and the imjMtrtance of con- certed work, F. W. WiKlell, a distinguished musician in Hochestei*. N.Y., s]>eaks of the organization as follows, the personal refeiences l)eing to Mr. Ijittlehales and his family: "An enthusiastic amateur mu.siciiin (in Hamilton) se«'ured instruction for his children ujmhi stringed instrumei'ts, and setl to render jM».ssible in the city of its birth the performance. chieHy by local players, of orchestral accomiianiments, to oratcifios given by the local Philharmonic Society, such as Messiah. Creation, Samson, Ijjiy of the Bell, Eli, etc., while the organi/atioii has now grown to the rank of an Orchestral Club, under professional leadership, giving two orches- tral concerts each sejison." In jtrivate life Mr. Littlehales" character may Ije summed up in the brief sentence that he is an honourable man and a yood citizen. Politicallv. lie usually sides with the Reform party, but he holds very inde- pendent views, and is opj>o,^ed to any (me party holding jH)wer tiM> long. In religious matters he does not belong to any sect, though brought up in the Baptist faith, but lie now con.siders himself entirely outside orthodox l)e- iiefs. In lf<69, Mr. Littlehales married Mary Ann Tysoe, a native of St. Ives, Huntingdon- shire, England, and has issue six children, four daughters and two .sons, all of whom, except Miss Edith, are living. COL. DARBY BERGIN, M.P., CormrnU, Ont. AS a man highly skilled and honoured in his profession, as one whose record in private life and as a public man is singularly free from repn)ach, and as a patriotic citizen, Col. Darby Bergin, M.D., the pt)pular repre.sentative of Cornwall and Stormont in the Dominion Par- liament, is eminently worthy of a place in the pages of Canadian biography. Dr. Rergin was iM)rn in the city of Toronto, Sept. 7th, I82G, his parents lieing William and Mary (Flanagan) Bergin, the latter a daughter of the late John Flanagan, of Charlottenburg, Glengarry county, Ont. William Bei'gin, who was a civil engineer by profession, came to this country from Kings county, Ireland, in 1822, and for some years he carried on a mercantile business in Toronto. -♦-♦-• COL. DARBY BERGIN, M.P. Cornwall, Ont. - 412 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. He (liwl in ''^40, leaving a widow and three cliildi'en, of whcnii tlie sul)ject of this sketcli was tlie first. As young Bergin grew up, he received the Wnetit of a lil)eral education, and at Tpper Caiiathi College he was one of the l)rightest and most j)roniising students of his time ; in fact, his whole career as a student was exceptionally brilliant. On leaving U. C. Col- lege, he matriculated at McGill University, Montreal, and inunediately entered uf)on the study of medicine, that being his chosen profes- sio!i. From the veiy first he showed remark- aide aptitude for m< dical science, and so zealous- ly did he pursue h's studies, that in 1^*16, when but little more than 19 years olil, he passed his examination befoie the Loard, and icceivetl a license to piactise. Tn thfspiing of 1S47 he completed the curriculum at M((iill, but, owing to the fact that he had not yet fittained Ids majority, he did not gradu- ate until the »Septend)er following, when, at a s]it'cial convocation held for the purpose, he re- ceived the degrees of M.D., CM. The young o matters con!iected with his profession, the . has found time to take an active interest in public affairs, and here, teen called upon to fill. In poli- tics, he has always l)een a Conservative, anfl at the general election for the House of Ctnnmons in 1872, he was chosen as the candidate of his party, and was elected by acclamation. During the twenty years which have elapsed since that time, he has occupied a seat in the Dominion Par- liament, with the exception of the four yeais of the Mackenzie re;/iiiif. At the geneial election of 1874 he was defeated, but at the next general election of 1878 he was again a candidate, and defeated his opponent, D. B. McLennan by a pronounced majoiity. Being unseated (»n peti- tion, a new election took place in January, 1880, and he was re-elected by an incvased majority. He was returned for his present seat (Cornwall and Stormont) at the geneial electiims of 1882, 1887 and 1891. Dr. Bergin has proved himself a talented and useful mem- ber of the Dominion Pailiament. He is a ready and fluent speaker, thoi-oughly capable of taking part in the debates on pul'lic (jues- tions, and gi\es strict attention to all matteis involving the interests of the country at lai-ge. His name has l»een well-known in connection with the dee|)ening of our canals and rivers, of which he was a strong advocate, his object being to I'emove all obstruction to navigation. Though opposed by the late chief engineer of canals, whose methods were of the past. Dr. Bergin has demonstrated the necessity and feasibility of his plans for the enlargement and completion of the canals, which woiks aie now being caiticd out. He took an act c part in the framing and passing of the ' tory Act- in fact, he may be called the t. cr of this measure, as when he found it was ultra I'ircsui the Dominion Parliament, he was the means of having public attention directed towards the question so strongly that the local legislature passed the measure. As chairman of the printing coiiunit- tee of parliament, the Dr. has also rendered ex- cellent sei'vice, as he brought forwaid plans by which the cost of printing for the House of Connnons was reduced by over 50 per cent. Another phase of Dr. Bergin's career, which )nerits special attention, is his connection with the volunteer force, with which he has been actively identified for many years. At the time of the Trent affair, when war bt'tween (Jreat Britain ami the United States was imminent, he commanded a company of volunteers which had Ijeen raised for active service, and since that time his connection with the force has been con- tinuous. From December, 18();>, to May, 1804, he served as captain in the .'b'd provisional bat- talion at Laprairie, and during the Fenian raitl t t PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 413 <»f lS6<85, on tlie breaking' out of the North-West rel)el- lion, the necessity of orjjjanizinj,' a medical de- partment soon liecame apparent, and this im- portant work was entrusted to Dr. Berj^fin, with tl>e rank of sur;.'eon-j.'eneral. Tiie manner in which he carried out the task won tlie hijjliest e.u-oniums from the militia authorities, and Dr. IJoyd, of London, Enj^land, who was sent by H.H.H. the Princess Louise to Caiuida with medical stores, stated that the arranj,'ements, as made by the surt,'eon-,i,'enera!, N/ere complete and most satisfactory, and that he had never known of a more thorou^'hly e(|uipi)ed medical field hosj)ital than that sent commenced the study of his piofession under Mr. R. Sparks, and also received instruc- tions fi-om Messrs. lioulton and Mr. (iarth. Ha\ing conij>leted a most satisfactory i-ourse he connnenced business for liimseK, and in the course of time was ajipointed engineei- for the township of Nepean. Possibly no one among the mendwrs of his own profession, or among even the go\ernment otticials connected with the North-West, has so large, and at the same tinu' so minute, a peisonal knowledge of the variety aud extent of the natural resources of what, until a com})aratively recent jieriod, was properly designated the (Jreat Lone Land, than has Mr. Stewart. From 1S80 until I.SSS, he had a sort of roving connnission in the Nortii- West, nuiking his headcpiarters for three years of that tiuu! at Fort Ellis, while he travelled over much of Manitolica. His principd explor- ations were, however, l»eyond the west«m Ixmud- ries of the latter j)rovince, and from Qu'Apj)elle in the east, to Echnonton in the west, and tVouj the Souris ii\er to Foit McLecnl, he carefully examined the wh(»le country, spying out the richness of the land, and making reports as to its agricultural ])ossibilities, and the location of its large dejMisits of coal, s^nuhtone and other minerals. These rej>orts were yeaily niadt the subject of voluminous returns to tlie govern- ment at Ottawa, one of wiiich reached the extraordinary pi-ojH»rtions of sixteen feet in length. The lalxiur entailed in the prosecution of this arduous work may lie appreciated whe-i the fact is mentioned that in one trij) he travel- led over .■5,000 miles. Mr. Stewart w:'s in the west during the Riel rebellion, and a.-sisted in recruiting and e(|uipping the celebrated corps known as IJoultons Seouts, ami was most useful in the vicinity of Fort Ellis in preventing undue excitement among the large native poi>ulation settled there. In IfSNM he returned to Ottawa, where he has since remained. Tn politics, Mr. Stewart has always been a Conser- vative. In leligion, he is, as all his family ha\e In-en, a Presbyterian, and is a worthy memlier of St. Andrews Church. HON. MICHAEL SULLIVAN, Kinyston, Out. HON. MICHAEL SULLTVAN, Senator, Professor of Surgery in the Royal Medi- cal College, Kingston, and Professor of Ana- tomy in tli<' TA'Uiale Medical College, is the sec- ond son of the late Daniel O Sullivan, formerly of Killarney, County Kerry, Ireland. ITis mother was a descendant of the great O'Connor family. Michael Sullivan was boin in Killarney on the l;5th Februaiy, IS.SS. Thus lM)th by birth and by parentage our subject is a thorough repiv- sentative of the Emeiald Isle. The OSullivan family is a prominent one in County Kerry, but Daniel OSullivan, l)eing unsuccessful in busi- ness, followed the example of many of his com- patriots, and eiiiigiated to Canada, reaching this countiy in lS4l'. He settled first in Montreal, but not finding the openings for business which he had expected, he remove his resi- dence in 1S4"). He was a man of exceptionally good abilities, and l wasdeteiinined also that his children should ha\e all the ad\antages that educatirm could confer-, in ordei- to fit them for the struggle of lift'. Michael receive*! a thorough English training under private instruction, and in the common schools of i\w city, after which he attendeil liegiopolis College, where he dis- I A. 414 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. tiii;,'ui.sli«'wii sake, and ijained a wide ac(|uaintance with the hesl Latin and (.'reek authors. He was eomj>elled to finish his course undei- j>rivale tutors, as the colleije closed its do(»rs Ix'fore he jjiaduated. He was one of the first students in the Medical College attached to Queen's University, enterin*,' in iS-li. His eailiest exjH'rience in the colleife indicated what his career since has abundantly proNcd —that "n enterinijt u]Min tlie medical |)i<>fession lie had taken the walk in life ])re-eininently suited to his talents. At the vm\ of his first year he was appointed demonstrator in anatomy, a liranch in which he had ]>articularlj- distinguished him- self. In his third year he was mad(> house sur- j,'eon to the Kingston hospital. He graduated hefore he was twenty-one, passing a l)iilliant examination, and winning special c<»niplinients from Principal Ck, who on that occasion con- ferred the degrees. He l»egan the practice of his profession in 1S.")S, and achieved success from the first. He devoted himself -•.vpressly to surgery, with which branch his name has ever since been prominently identified. No sur- geon in Canada has a higher place in tiie pro- fession. Aft«'r practising for four years he was reijuested to lecture on anatomy in his alma niater,and accepted the ])osition. He changed the metlnKl of instruction, and inipiessessessed be- fore it can be cultivated. The best proof of his success is atVoi'ded by the iheerful testimony borne by all the stiulents of the college scat- tei'ed througlierof pul.'lic jour- nals. I)ut the ])ractical men of the jtrofession, who saw that Dr. Sidli\an"s metlnKl tended in the direction of cultivating doctors instead of mere readers if b(M>ks, stood by him loyally. The result of the controversy was that not oidy was l^r. Sullivan sustained, but the innovation which he then made was established as the regular mode of examination under the .Me Moosejiiw. His (hity in the ottice he assunied Wiis not nieicly t<> jnovide all necessrti-y medical and surjjfical i f(|iiiit'nients. and ni.ake \,hatever ai-ranyenit iits wei-c nt'ces- sary tnr the care <»t" the sick and wniindiMl. hut alsi> t<» receive, forwanl and distriliiite tlie con- trihutions of articles nf luxury and cnnit'ort sent up l»y the ladies and other associations. Durinji the whole of the trouble he remained at his )>ost, attendinj^ to the re(|uir«inents of those who nad t)een placed in his chai!' .\ hiiiii tiil>nti' was [)aid to the achnirahle .lospital and an)ltulance arrantrements by Dr. Boyd, the siirlc experience in military hospitals, including that at Ple\ na dur- ing the last Husso-Turkish wai", lu' said, c-on- cernini,' the hospital under Dr. Sullivan. " I found a tield hospital that would do credit to any nation as a model. The patients a]ipear to have everything conceivable that they want, and are cared for l)etter than they could be in their own homes." Dr. Sullivan received tlie thanks of the Minister of Militia publicly in the House of Connnons, a,non whom the mem Iters of the council voted. The result was. Dr. Sullivan's defeat by a l»are majority. In the following year, however, the system of eleeting the mayor by the council was done away with, and |Mipular election substituted. Dr. Sullivan was again nominated, and his popularity cai'rieiri t«*in l»er.'{nl, 1^47, in the county <>t" which lie lias l)eeu f(ir over ten years the (listiiiKuished representa- tive in the hi<;iiest jMtpiiiar IkmIv in the Dom- inion. He is of I". E. Loyalist deseent on his fathers side, wliiie on his mother's sic'e he is of yalist who settlels and the su{>eiioi- school in Kinys County, (ositirder of the Sons of Tenijierance, later with the British 'I'emplars. the I'nited Tem]H»rance .association, the Do minion Alliance and the International Temper- ance Assoi-iation. He tilled the othces of (Jrand Worthy Patriarch of the Sons of Temperance, Most Worthy (Jr-and Templar of the British Templars of Cariiwla. National Chief of the I'nited Tenii»erance Ass«H'iatiori, Vice-Presi- dent, later, President of the Executive of the F>oriiinion Alliance, and I'l-esident for- fnui- years of the International TemiH'rance Associa tion. While (K(Hi)ielved to try what fortune had in stoi-e for him in the political splrei-e, though considering how hrilliant his aclrie\ements had heen, and how wide and honourahle the i-ejm- tation he had gained, we may Ik* sure he had no irri.sgi\ ings in taking tlie plunge. In ler-ly descrilK'd as "cheeky. Hut what thev thought rrrade no dittei-ence to the young candidate. He proceeded with his canvass, ad- dre.ssing the jieople ever-ywhere ujmhi the K>ad- ing national topics. Agairrst such eloy a rrrajority of '2HI \(ites. Kings Courrty has for- many years lieen hard tighting-ground, hut since his tii-st election Mr-. Foster- has never- faileiii|«M"iiice, social purity ami the inaiuteu- aiu'c ot' j)ul»lic ordei' and dfcciicy received such ad\iKacy as they had iiev«>r kutiwii liefoie. At the same time he Wiis no merely silent voter on the yreat i|uestions wliii-h divide parties. A thorouyli loyalist and a l»eliever in the j^reatness of a united Canada, he was one of the strongest advocates of the i;ivat national pi'oject of a rail- way from end to end of the Dominion. With the .s;inie ohject in view, he defended and upheld the National Policy of the (Jo\eriunent of Sir •lohn Macdonald. His el(»|uent denunciations of the lack of love of country or lack of faith in its future which leeing carried too far. Hon. .^^I•. Foster was matle Minister of Finance on the 'J'Jth of May, ISJ^f*. He h.as held the office ever since, Hon. J. J. C. Abl)ott, on taking the Premier- shij), after the lamented death of Sir John Mac- donald, ret(uestiug him to contiime to hold the portfolio of Finance. Mr. Foster has made a close and careful study of the weighty affairs with the administration of which he is intrusted, and the fact that the credit of Canada never st(M)d higher, and that the business of the De- partment never ran moie smiM)thly, is the l)est evidence that he has justified the prescience of Canatlas greatest political leader aiul most accu- rate judge of men's character in selecting him for the office. His financial statements in Par- liament, each year, are iikkIcIs of their kind — complete, yet concise, packed with facts and figures, yet interesting to everyone who takes any interest in Canadian attairs. In the active warfare of debate, Hon. Mr. Foster is one of the greatest champions of liis party, and his com- fJete command of himself, combined with his vivid eloijuence and ready it, make him a champion wm-thy of the grt'atest cause. Hon. Mr. Foster is jv member of the Free liaptist de- nomination, aiul for many years has lieen, as he is still, a prominent meiiilier of its conference. He was President of the Union Bajitist Edu- cational Society in 1SS4-"). He was married in ISSS, to Mrs. Addie Chisholm, of Hamilton. SIR J. WILLIAM DAWSON, C.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S., Montreal, Que. OTR J. WILLIAM DAWSvON, Principal of kJ tiie Mc(iill University, Montreal, was born at Pictou, Nova Scotia, on Octoln'r l:}th, lfosed that he listened with deep interest to the fading echoes which wouhl be heard then re- garding the respective claims of the \\'ernerian and the Huttonian liypotheses in geoh)gy. Here he made his first attempts at authorship, wliich were pul)lished in Edinburgh newspapers. He returnetl to Canada in 1S4'J, ami acc«»nipanied Sir (^harles Lvell in his geological exj)Ioration of Nova Scotia. He entered into the work with I'KOMINENT MEN OF C AX A DA. 419 characteristic piitliusiasni. ami the valual>lp as- sistaiic*' wliich he was altle teiatioii. His interest in education, to ,ju«lronounced than his interest in science. The work was, theiefore, congenial, and the exi>eri- ence afforded in the task of administering the affairs of the Nova Scotia scIkkiIs doubtless jiroved valuable to the future principal tif Mc(iill. His ap[K)intment to the principalship of .Mc(Jill, in 18")"), marks the beginning of an ep»ch in Canfwias intellectual development. Tt is not a matter of ordinary cour.se that McCiill should l)e the university she is to-day, or that she should wit-Id the influence that she do«'s. It is a matter of surprise. The conditions which fifty and a hundred years ago favored the advancement of gi'eat institutions of learn- ing in the Aineri<.*an republic have ever V)een absent from Canada. The wealth which |)oured into the treasuries of Anieiican colleges luis oidy l)een repre.sented in Canada by dribbling subscri[)tions and small legacies. Oui' colleges have struggled up with the aid of trusty and gt'neriius, but seldom very wealthy, friends. The fortunes of MctJill were at a low ebb in 185."), and Principal Dawson had an extensive woi'k iH'fore him. The work of a college piin- cipal and president is supposed to Ik* limited to the duties of administration, but the financial condition of McCiill at that time made it ne- cessary for the new principal to undertake sev- eral lalMdious pi'ofessorships as well. His in- fluence, howe\er, soon In'gan to make itself felt thi'oughout the country, and the foi'tunes of the university steadily advanced. Its stability is now assuivd, aiul from being a matter of anxiety to Montrealers it has l)ecome an ob- ject of i)ride. That the result is largely due to the vast energy and administrative abili- ties <>f the j)rincipal there can l)e no (pies- tion ; and it is a significant fact that when the university came in sight of the horizon of prosperity he annually contributed to its It sources by .still retaining arduous and un])aid work which he had taken ujM»n his shoulders at the ttutset. Leisure might seem to be an un- known expeiieiice in the midst of lalnirs indi cated by the foregoing, but in addition tonsany pamphlets on educational matters, and some excellent te.xt IwKtks on geology and zrg!n of the World,'' { 18t;{») : '• The Story of the Karlh and Man," (187.'{); " Fossil Men and Their Modern Itepresentatives " (1880). .\s indicatfd by tlicii titles, the three lattei- \<»lum«'s deal more jiaiti cularly with the vexed (piestions concerning tin- nature of man's first a|)pearance upon thct-arth. and the appaient conflict iM-tween Biblical his- tory and the lesult of mtHlern scientific research. If his treatment of the subject is not in all re- .spects .satisfactory to the present schools of .scientific thought, it is at least indef>endentand earnest. Whether his interj)ietations of tin- archa-ological facts Itcaring upon prehistoric man will stand the te.st of time or not time only can show. At pres<'nt he stands alone with regard to that subject, as far as his scien- tific jteers are conceiiied. The fact, however, has not prevented the scientific worlds of Bri- tain and Ann-iica fi-oni recognizing and honi.'r- ing him for his many and valuable contribu tions to the science of the day. These have conipri.sed an extensi\e amount of original i"e- search in biology, chemistry, mineralogy and mici"oscf>j)y. wliich has been distinguished not oidy for its high scientific merits, but for the attractive literary foiin in which it has l)een presetited t(» the world. For many years he has been an active and esteemed nK-mln-r of the British As,sofiation for the Advanon educational matters of the province when these are t»>uched upon. HON. CHRISTOPHER FINLAY FRASER, Brockvilli; Out. H( )X. CHRISTOPHER FINLAY PHASER, M.P.P., Minister of Public Works for the Province of ( )ntario, one of the most elo(|ueMt de- haters in Canada, was horn at JJrockville, in OctoWr, 1S3!(. Mr. Eraser is of Celtic origin, his father, John Eraser. l)eing a Scotcfi Highlandei-, and his mother, Sarah, m-r Rurke, of Irish birth and i)arentage. It fell to the lot of our subject, when a l)oy, to be p«K>r, for his parents, like the majority of pioneers, brcaight into the new countiy very little gold in their purses. lUit this \ery ]>overty seems to ha\t' l»een astinmlus to the ambition of the lad, and it is said that he resolved early in life to carve out his own fortune. In order to accomplish anything, voung Eraser knew that he must become eijuip- ped with an education. Schools in those days were sparse, and not well conditioned, but the i)est of such tuition as his purse afforded he was resolved to have?, and have it he did. We are told that he did not hesitate to put his hand to any employment that was offered, and it was between the periods of such employment that he attended school. When a mere youth he w, s found employed in the oftice of the Brock's ille Kecordfr, working for a small salary, which he most carefully hoarded to use in his education. But even this honourable ambition, and all the dauntless industry, could not have availed, had our subject I)een comjxtsed of the ordinary cl(»d material. But no such comjtosi- tion was his. He was gifted with altogether unusual mental alei'tnes.s, and his utterances, when only a lK>y, were remarkable for their brilliancy, force and sometimes for their wit. When he had obtained what he deemed a sufH- cieiit education, the young man (this was al«)Ut the year lS-")".t) entered the office of the Hon. A. N. Richards, late lieutenant-governor of British Columbia, and l)egan the study of the law. He was a hard-working student, and after passing a most creditable examination, was, in 180"), called to the i>ar. He .settled down to the practice of his profession at Brockville, where a proHtJible liusiness stMin began to grow up around him. Most ob.sersant people about Bi-ock\ille had the young mai» in mind when he came back from his studies to open a law office in their midst, and l)efore he had been long with them in his new nMe, they Wgan to perceive that his abilities were (juite beyond the usual. lUit the young advocate was all this while fashioning out his owu career for himself. He had no soctner established himself fairly in his [)rofes- sion, than he began to gi\e attention to j>oliti- cal ((uestions. At the election of \^iu for the confederated provinces, he ottered himself as a candidate for his native place, but was defeated by a narrow majoiity. Some years later he again presented himself for election, but was again defeated. Later on our subject was to distinguish himself by taking a conspicuous part in the formation of what was kmtwn as the Roman Catholic League. Roman Catholics be- ing in a minority in the province, Mr. Fra.ser judged that they would be more effective if united in a public Ixxly, when asking for cer- tain rights, than if they remained disconnected. This was a wise movement for the sake <)f the object stated, and a just one ; but it was a very clever move, and since that day .Mi-. Eiaser has coint' to be regardt-d as the ]>ohtical diiect(»r of his co-religionists in Ontario. In 1S71, Mr. Clark, who had some time before defeated ^Ir. Eraser for South Grenville (in the Legislative Assend)ly) died ; and our subject, once again presented himself, and was retui'ned at the liead of the poll. His great abilities were at once ivcognized in the legislature, and a year later he was appointeil Provincial Secretary and Registrar. On appealing to his con.stituency foi' the usual ratification <»f his acceptance of ofhce he was elected by acclamation. He remained Provincial Secretary till 1874, in the Mowat administration, when he became Commissioner of Public Works. This ofHce he has since held, and he has taken from the first a commanding place in the legislature. He is ready, brilliant and powerful in debate, whether the (luestion be an old one or one sprung uj)on him, and he is a man with whom the opponents never care to triffe. He is not malicious nor unkindly in his place upon the Hoor when attacking or de- fending, and one and all are delighted to sit and listen to him so long as he remains upon t I'liOMIXENT MEN OF CANADA. 431 lii.s feet : for wlicllicr tlu-y Hjiree with w li;it lie is say ill!,' I )!■ not, tlit-y aff ])lcase(l with tlic t'lfsli, vi;,'niuiis, hiilliaiit and manly way that lit- has ot" sayinji it- Ovriwork in tln'sc later years had told so ujMin his constitution that it was tVart-d hf niijiht ha\t' to lay asid*- the harness : hut we are fjlad to l)e al)le to say that there is n<»w every <;round to helie\<' that a loni; eareei- of usefulness and brilliant i)uhlie service still re- mains before the Honourable Christo|(her Fin- lay Kraser. The care and attentioi; devoted to the luiihling and details r)f tlie noble pile in the Queen's Piuk, eieeted for th<' use of the Legis- lative Assend)ly and puldie othees of the Pro- vince of Ontario, pi-ove Mr. Kraser to be the rii,'ht man for the important othce he has held for so many years. }£e is also one of the Direc- tfu-s of the Ontario Bank. HON. (iEoHOK WILMAM ALLAN, Toriiiifn, 0)tt. HON. (;EoU(!E WILLI AM ALLAN, D.C.L., Senatoi-. Toronto, was l>orn at Little York, now Toronto, on the 9th of January, 1822. His father, the late Hon. William Allan, was a ])ioneer settler who took up his abode in York, (Uirinif (lovernor Simeoes teiin of othee, and re- sided in Toronto till his death in 185.^. This yentlemau, in his day, held a very prominent place in public esteem, and being possessed of more than ordinary ability and a good education, he enjoyed advantages not so conunon in those early days as now. He was the first postmaster foi- Y(»rk anassed in the "senior class,' in Easter term, 18.'?'.J. He was articled to and U'gan his studies in the oHice of (land)le »V: Boulton. and was sub- se(|uently called to the bar of I'ppei' Canada, in Hihiry term, 1846. Before entering ujmmi the active practice of the law. young Allan was sent by his father to travel abroad, and in addition to a very extended tour throughout Europe, he visited many countiies which, in tho.se days, were not (piite as accessible as they are now. He went up the Nile to the Inirdeis of Nubia, and afterwards travelled through Syria and the Holy Land, Asia Minor, Tuikey and (ireece, meeting with n<*t a few exi-itingachentures, arising more particulaily from the l;>.vless and unsettled con- dition, at that time, of many jiarts of Syiiaand Asia Minoi'. He was elected, not long after- wai'ds, a fellow (»f the Koyal (ien^raphical So- ciety of England. yXv. Allan early took a part in munici]>al affairs, his name appearing as one of the aldermen for St. Davids Wanl in 1SU». Tn ISt)") he was elected mayor of the city and served in that capacity throughout the year-. Tn May, 1S.")(), l)efore again leaving Canada for a lengthened toui' aiiroad, he was jtresented by his fellow-citizens with a very complimentary ad dress. It was done u^ .n neat IxMfk form, and is now a most interesting document, as it con- tains the signatures of men of all ranks, [)aities and creeils, a large proj)ortion of whom have now passed away. Mr, Allan, in the autumn of 18-58, in i-esponse to a lecjuisition from the elec- tors of York division, for which he was returned by a very large majority, took his seat for that division in the Legislative Cctuncil of old Can- ada, which he retained until confederation. .Mr. .Mian took a prominent part in the business of the Legislative Ccmneil, and tilled the office of chairman of the Private Bills Connnittee in that body for many years. In ^lay, 1807, he was called to the Senate by Royal proclamatiim, and has ever since taken an active shaie in its de- liberations, as well as in the business of the Com- mittees of the House. In politics he is a Con- servative. Mr. Allan has always taken a deep in- terest in the promotion of literature and science in his native country. He was one of the r»ri- ginal members of the Royal Canadian Institute, and has tilled the chair as president, besides being a contributor to the Journal of the Insti- tute. He has always Ijeen a warm frientl to the cause of higher education, and has been clo.sely connected with Trinity College University (from which he received his degree of D.C.L. ), ever since the founding of that Institution in 1852. In all matters connected with Canadian aK, Mr. Allan has evei* evinced a lively interest. He is the president of the Ontario Society (»f Artists, and chairman of the Art Union of Can- r i. 422 riiOMINENT MEN OF CANADA. mla, and is the posse.ssored as president of the Hst successful loan com- panies, the Western Canada Loan and Savings Company. Tn 188S, on the death of the Hon. .losiah B. Plumb, Speaker of the Senate, the Hon. Mr. Allan was elected to the office. While in his twenty-fourth year he juarried Lerforce Longley was Intrn on the 4th of January, 1849, at Para- dis«', Aniia|M)lis county, No\a S»otia. He was educat+'d at Acadia College, and graduated ius B.A., in 1S71, winning four years lal»'r the de gree of M.A. On leaving college, in |S71, he entered ujH»n the study of law in Halifax, finish ing his course in Osg(M»de Hall, Toronto. He was calletl to the Iwir oi Nova Scotia on the 10th of Se])teml»er, 187-"). In the sjime year he was ap|Miinted a commissioner of the Supreme Court and a noUiry pulilic, aneen h11 liis lift- an acti\e and aggressive )iartici)>ant in ]>olitical affairs, and when, in l8Xl*, he was offered the LiU'ral nomination for his native county of Annajxilis, for the House of Assend)ly of the Province, he wjvs ready for the contest. He made a vigorous campaign and was successful. Sinie that time he has In't'ii continuously a repiesentive of the people, and has steadilv ad\anced in prominence as a leach'r of thought in the jxditical life of Nova Scotia and the l>ominion. Almost as stMni as he was elected, the Provim-ial er of the Executive Council, and on the "ioth June. 1SS(». was a}>]M>inted Attorney-Cieneial for the pro- vince, an othce which he has held ever since. On appealing to his constituents for confirma- tion in his seat as a minister of the Crown, la- was triumi)hantly return«'d. As Attorney- (Jeneral, he has performed his duties to the satis- faction of the pe<)ple, and has shared with Pre- mier F'ielding the honor of holding Nova Scotia fill' the Liberals in provincial politics. He is a man of wide reading and niaiked literary ability, and ajiart fiom the fame he has made in ]>olitics. would Ih' entitled to eulogy as on*- of the leading writers of the Dominion. His writ- ings l)eing mainly ujhui jntlitical (juestions, they have necessarily been more or less ephemeral in their character, but that they have had a great influence in moulding public opinion none '•an doubt. He was for years a regular con- tributiir to the columns of the Halifax Hirnrihr, one of the strongest and most influential news- papers in Nova Scotia. He has written volu- jninously for other Canadian j>ericat<^l the alxtlitioii of th<^ Senate anil tli«' continiriij of tht- jMiwris of lej^slation and .iihninistration as clost'lv as |H>ssi!)le to the chosen n'i>r«-s»'Mtativ«>s of the ]>fo|i|)'. In l.**l>0, after M'vcial years' effort, Mr. L»n!.!t. In reli<,'ioi:s affairs, he is identified with tfie Episcopal Churcii. He was married on the ."{rd Septeiiilwr, !j^77, to Annie liruwn, of Paradise, N.S. I{r>X. .unrx BEVETU.FA' HOnTN.>{ON. Toronto, Out. HON. JOHN I'.EVEIJLEY ROIUNSON, «'X-Lientenant (ioM'iiior of Ontaiio, is a native of Toionto. He was Immii in the pater- nal homestead, IV'verley House, on the lilst Fehruai'v, lflic men in the Briti.sh American colonies. The sul)ject of this sketch was edu- cated, at first under private tutors, and aftcr- wartls attended Upper Camula Collej,'e, Iteiiij,' one of the earliest students in that ^'reat insti- tution. He was ivmarkaltle not only for all- round proficiency in his studie.s, hut for his fine physical jxiwers, and his devotion to maidy sports. }Ie was a leader in all athletic t xer- cise-s, and tlie fine physique he then developed has been tlie cause of the remarkahle |)res!'rva- tion of all his faculties, so that as a septuaj,'ena rian he is the juni<»r, so far as leal ailvancement in life is concerned, to men who have far fewer vcais hfhind th.em. Mr. Robinson was just seventeen when the Ujiper Canadian rehcllion liroke out. The chivalric jjovernor of that time. Sir Francis Bond Head, had made the youiiii man one of his aides-de-camp anil reijuiied of him in various ways exceedin,<;ly arduoi^s ser- vice. Tiiere was nothing that devotion could accomplish that the youth was unwilling to un- dertake. He accompanieil His Excellency from (Jovernment House to Montgomerys hotel, Yonge-street. innnediately aft -r the short hat- tie there, which was suthcient to dishearten the rebel leadeis and scatter their forces. The scene and the occasion are grapliically described in Sir Francis" Ixxtk, "The Emigrant." To hear of the reliellion in these day.s, one is apt U) min- imize the danger and difficulties of the time. A great civil war in which the people are drawn up in hostile array, each man in his own camp, is a more impressive sight to watch thiough the glass of history, but to the people who actually ex}>erience it, this is far preferalde to such a state of affaii's as then exist«Ml in Canada. The passions eijgendererder, but more particularly on the American side, wlieie the symjiathisers with the reU'ls were numerous and aggressive. No soonei' I did Mr. Holiinst the day for steam engines and cosy palace cars : eveiy inile of the distance had to be cov- ered in the trundling stage coach. An idea of the volume of ti-avel, ar.d therefore of the ac- connnodation for travel. ers, may be had from the fact that when the young aid(-d"-cami< ar- rived in New Yoik he was the only jiassenger, though the coach was the regular mode of travel. The trip from New Y'ork to Washington was made more easily, and without incident. Mr. Robinson remained for .several weeks, antl re- turning, proceeded at once to Sandwich, where he joined Col. Hills regiment, in which he was lieutenant. He .served with his conu'ades until the country w.as restored to (juiet, the regiment being dischaiged fi'om active service about a year after the battle at Montgomery.s. Mr. Robinson then took up the study of his intended profession, the law. He first entered the office of Christopher Alexander Hagerman, who sub- se<|uently attained eminence as a politician, and still later as a judge. After two years. Mi-. Roltin.son had his articles transfeirerominent firm of that time, and with this gen- tleman he remained until the expiration of his term. He was called to the bar at Eastei- term, 1SI4. and soon after entered upon the practice I'ROMIXEyr MEX OF C AX ADA. 425 of Ilis pn>ff.ssii>n. Tlioujjh always ho.ciing a •i;ihk1 place as a lawyer, iM-iii;; a partner in sev- eral Hrms of eniineiKt', lie did not de\ote liini- selt' to work in this direction, and, to l'(»llww the story of his life, we must enter upon other fields of jj;reatei" puhlicity. Tiie railway era had just opened, and the denianil of the time was for coniuHinicatio!' hctween Toronto and the rest of the pro\ ince, so that trattic niij^ht l>e carried on in modern fashion. Fn 18")1, Mr. llohinson was elected to the city council of Toronto, as r"pre- sentative of St. Patiick s ward. The Northern Kailw.iy liud been }>rojected, but, as the people found out, it is one thin^ to project a railway, and <|uite another thinj; to l)uild it. A man was needed to lead, and he was found in the peison of John Ueverley Uohinson. It was his hand that framed th» resolutions j»rovidin<,' for lar<,'e money grants to the Xoi-thern and the (Juelpli and Torcjnto roads, and it was his persistent enerj,'y that carried them throuj;li the councils. Mr. Kobinson's interest in the project was ac- knowledged by his election as the represent- ative of the city on the Ixuird of directoi"S, and his exertions oiid Head as Frtsident, and Loid Rol»ert Cecil, now Lord Salisbury, e.x- Premier of Kngland, as Vice President, ami t'.at to this company he sold a million acres of land, and iidded to the treasury revenue the sum of £(iU,UUO sterling. His '•extraordinary zeal and energy, was publicly .icknowh-dged by Hon. Mr. V aiikoughnct, in liis place in the Legislat'' e Council. Mr. Robinson wfs instru- mental in piocuriiig the passage of several acts ; in reference to the Toronto esplanade, the re- establishment of the Northern Railway, and other local improvements of inijMirtance. He did not contint' his attention to Ici^'islation, how- ever. He was the originate. r of the ^\ estern Canada lUiilding and Loan Association, which, though liegun upon a niinlest scale, met a public reijuirement of the time, and grew lapidly to be, a-i it is now, one of the greatest financial corpo- rations in the country. About this time there was a good deal of gi'umi)ling because of the iii- ferioi' hotel acconmiodation of the city. With characteiistic energy Mr. Robinson made a collection among the citizens and ji.ocured i?l.'},()00, which, with his usual giMierosity, he handed over to the Me srs. Hossjn, to be used towards building and e(|uii>ping a g<»od hotel. On the 27th March, iSHi', Mr. Hobinson became President of the Council in the Cartier- Macdonald Administration. He held this othce until May following. His c(mnecti(m with the Northern Railway led him to consider the im- portance of the mining and other resoui'ces of Algoraa, then a wilderness, almost as far Ix'yond the line of ordinary connnunication as the shores of Hudson's Bay are at this time. He did nuich tuwards bringing Algoma to the front, and interesting capitalists in enterprises likely to be of advantage in the development of the resources of that country. Tn 1872, a geneial election for the Dcmiinion was held, and Mr. Robinson was invited to l)e the Conservative candidate for the great distiict in the north. He easily succeeded in winning the election. On the 17th September, 1878, he was returned for West Toronto by iVM majority over Thomas Hodgins, the Refoini candidate, this being the seventh election he had run in the interest of his party in his native city. He continued to represent West Toronto until his appointment to the Lieutenant-Governorship. In this high office he was eininently successful, a)id, though a strong party-man, he had always kept the re- gard of opponents as well .as friends, for he was eminently a fair fighter in politics, as in every- thing else. His appointment was received with favour in every part of the province. The duties of the office are mainly social, and those Hon. Mr. Robinson, with his genial, kindly manners BBB r- 426 I'ROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. and his Ixjundless ginnl will fur all classes, was eminently suited to discharge. He was fortu- nate in having as his wife a lady whose many graces made hei- on<' of the most h<)nored host- esses that ever presided in Government House. Mrs. Robinson was Miss Mary Jane Hagerman, daughter of Mr. Robinson's principal in his legal studies. Their marriage took place on .SOtli June, 1874. On the completion of his term jus Lieutenant-(I(jvernor, Mr. Robinson was succeeded by Sir Alexandei- Campljell. PROFESSOR GOLDWIN SMITH, M. A., LL.D., D.C.L., Toronto, Onf. PROFESSOR GOLDWIN SMITH, M. A., LL.1)., and D.C.L., one of the most learned aiitl popular writers of the day, was l)oni on the l:kh of August, 18l'3, at Reading, Eng- land, where his father had been for some time a pi-actising physician ; though the family from which he sprung had originally lived in Wy- bunbury, in Cheshire. Like so many other dis- tinguished Englishmen, Mr. Smith i-eceived his early education at Eton, which school was soon to receive added Ixmoui's by his brilliant univer- sity course at Oxford ; for here it was that he tirst evinceil evidence of possessing the rare ta- lents that have since given him so prominent a place among the thinkers of the century. He tirst entered as an undergraduate of Christ Ciiurch, but, on Ix'ing elected to a demyship in Magdalen, he completed his course in that col- lege. He bore awav the Ireland and Hertford scholarships, obtained the Chancellors prize for Latin verse, and for English and Latin essays, and crowned his series of undergraduate successes Ijy graduating with a first class in classics. Two years after graduation he was offered, and accept- ed, aFellowshipof University College, of v,'hich in- stitution he became tutor. This happened to be a time of much mental activity in England, and the brilliant young Fellow soon proved that he was destined to be a leading spirit outside of college, as well as within its classic walls. He closely observetl the various religious, political, and social movements, and wrote on many topics in his keen, brilliant, incisive .^tyle, command- ing immediate public attention, and drawing all the younger and aspiring minds of the college around him. In 1847 he was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, but minds like his seldom find in the law a permanent attraction, and Mr. Smith, luckily for the calling to which he sur- rendered himself, wjis won to a life-long service to literature. His ability in dealing with the vexing public (juestions of the time attracted the notice of government, and in 1850 he was ap- pointed assistant secretary of the Royal Com- mission to enquire into the general condition, of the University of Oxi' »rd, " especially in rela- tion to its revenues, discipline, and studies." When a second counnission was appointed he was secretary ; and he was a member of the Royal Commission to examine into the condi- tion of Popular Education in England. It was chiefly while conuuissioner that Mr. Smith ol)- tained that insight into the working and needs of the various seats of learning that has given such value to his views on educational questions, l)oth in his native country, and in the United States and Canada. In 1858, he was elected professor of M(Klern History at Oxford, a posi- tion which he tilled in a way that attracted the admiration of all authorities. Meanwhile his able iulvocacy of liberal reforms in matters edu- cational, religious and political, won for him a world-wide name, and when he visited Ameiica in 1864, he was warmly welcomed, and received from the Brown Tniversity the degree (jf LL.D. From his own University t>f Oxford he subse- (juently had conferred upon him the degree of D.C.L. He staunchly advocated the abolition of slavery, and warndy sympathized with the North during the civil v.ar. Four years after his first arrival in America he was appointed Lecturer in English and Constitutional History in Cornell University, at Ithaca, New York, and this office he still holds, although for the past twelve years he has been a resider*^ of Toronto. It may be said that, in 1866, Mr. Smith left England to ciust his lot in the new world, but leaders - ' • le Liberal party, with whom he had so long \> accord, and who knew and prized the assista. > had given to their common cause, were lotii t(j let him go ; and among other inducements placed at his disposal a constituency with a certain liberal n)ajority, but he refused all overtures ; nor have his English friends since ceased their solicitations for him to allow liimseli' to be put in nomination for a safe con- sti<"Ui;ncy. He left England stricken down by a sad family bereavement, and resolved to spend the rest of his days beycmd the Atlantic. In 1872, Mr. Smith took up his abode in Toronto, where he at once became prominent in educa- tional circles. He was appointed a member of the Senate of Toronto Uiii versify, was elected the first president of the Council of Public In- struction, and was foi- two yeai's president of the Provincial Teachers' Association. Since com- ing to Canada, IVIr. Smith has unreservedly de- voted his time and g«'nius to a furtherance of all projects that can advance tiie people, intellectual- ly, socially and morally. He has given a prestige to Canadian letters l)y his active and I'ominent connection with native literar/ untlertakings ; he was a contributor to the Conadian Montlily, and afterwards to the Toronto Nntion, in both of which periodicals his voice was raised on all t PROFESSOR GOLDWIN SMI'^H, M.A., LL.D., D.C.L., Toronto, Ont. 428 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. occasions, when woi'ds of advice and >varninji were needed. Sulisetjuently lie established 7'V IUjxtini elevated the tone of the natisc press, i^iven life and stim- ulus to independent journalism, and taufjht the journalistic profession that tin ce is such a tliini^ as honour l)elonijinLr to itscalliiiij. In England, Mr. Smith was a Liliiral. hut in Canada he has eschewed jiarty connection. Tn iSTf) he mar- ried llaiiiet. daughter of Thomas Dixon, Ks(|., of Boston, and widow of the late William l>oul- lon. Ks(|., of Toronto. As a master of style. Mr. Smith has no sujiei-ior. if an e(iaal, livini>'. .\moni,' some of his works of the last thirty years may he mentioned. '• Fri^^h History and Character," '• [.ectuivson th«' Study of History," "Three English Statesmen— Pym, Cromwell, and Pitt," a volume of essays which included that on the "tireat Duel of tlie Seventeenth Century," "The Political Destiny of Canada," and "The Moral Crusadei-, William Lloyd (Jar- rison."' SIR ALEXANDER CAMPBELL. K.C.M.Ci., Toronto. n^HE late Sir Alexander Campbell, K.C.M.(J., I Lieutenant-(, and t language, and a conse(|uent interest in French literature accompanied him through life. On ^)Ccasion he could make a Fi'ench speech in tlie Sf-nate; though he raivly exeicised the gift, and only ju'ihaps to meet some playful challenge <.f the French members. He studied the class- ics also up to a certain point : but ai)o\e all he acquired a knowledge and counnand of his own language, and a habit of using words with a peculiar force and directness. Mr. Campbell was oidy seventeen years of age when he enter- ed on the study of the law at Kingston, wliither his family had some years pre\ iously removed. No stftries ha\<' i«'ached us of his student days, but he seems to ha\t' applied himself earnestly to his work, seeing that he was abh', on com- pleting his course and bei)ig called to the bar, to form a partnership innnediately with the late Sir John A. Macdonald, whose reputation e\en then was lapidly growing. The partnership subsisted for many years under the name of Macdonald and CamplH-ll : and the business, in the hands of these two exceptionally able men, was a lucrative one. Politics, howi'ver, soon l)egan to absorb the attention of tlie senior partner, and the burden of the otKce work fell upon Ml'. Campbell. The experience whicli the latter thus ac(|uired, aided by his studies, made him one of the soundest lawyers at the bar <»f Ipper Canada: and had he not, while still a comparatively young man, diverged into politics, there is little doubt that he might haveociujtied a distingi'.ished position on the bench. It was in the year 1S.")S that Mr. Campbell made his drfjiif in politics by carrying an election for the Cataraipii division, and taking his seat in the Legislative Council of Old Canada. He very ([uickly familiarized himself with his new sur- roundings, and iM'came an efficient and highly esteemed member of tlie L'^jjper House. No new member probably ever liad less crudem ss or inexperience to rub oft"; and no one seemed at ail surprised when, in three or four years after his first election, the nieinlier for Cataia- qui division was placed in the Speakers chair. The position was, indeed, one for wliiili, by temj)erament and character, he was preemin- ently fitted, but not one in which his practical energies could find much scope : and a wider sj)here of usefulness was opened u]> to him, while the administrative strength of the govern- ment of 1S04 recei\ed a great i-einforcement wlu'ii the Speaker <»f the Council was assigned at that time for ci-eatingan election fund were likely to i)e confided. From 1S73 to 1S7S y\\: Camj)hell acted as leader of the op])osition in the Senate, and discharged the duties of the j>osition with the same ability as well as with the sau'.e fairness and nuKJera- tion as when he had repi-esented the govern- ment. To act a really factious part was, we may say, almost wholly out of his powei' : cer- tainly, it would have been foieign to his nature. When the Conservative party leturned to office in Noveml»er, IHTH, "Sir. Campbell first accept- ed the position of Heceiver-(ieneral, but in the spring of 1879 he returned t«» his old office of Postmastei'-CJeneral. Thence he ])assed in the month of January. ISSU, to the department of Militia and l)efence, which, during a Ijrief teiiii of ottice, he did not a little to invigorate. The end of the year saw him back in the Post < )tlice department, which he again left in the month of May (»f the year following ( ISSl ), to assunu' the iM)rtfolio of Justice. Meantime (L*4th May. 1879) he had been created by hei- Majesty a Knight Commander of the < )rder of St. Michael and St. (Jeorge, an honour which his eminent public sei\ ices hail very fully mei- ited Sir Alexander remair.e 1 at ttie head of the department of Justice until the latter part of the year 1885, when he once mor(> returned to the Post Office department which he finally left in the spring of 1887 to accept the Lieu- tenant (Sovernorship of Ontario. His appoint- ment to the latter otlice was viewed with pleas- ure and approbation, even hy his political op- ponents. On all liaiids it was felt that in Sir Alexander Campbell her Majesty would ha\e one of the most constitutional of representa- tive^, such a man as she probai)ly would her- self ha\e poi-tuniiy foi' a confidential exchange of views between mem- Ijers of the British government and leading re- j>resentatives of the colonies : and there is little doubt that it has smoothed the way for the future discussi(m of (|uestions of the greatest moment. As a de))artmental chief. Sir Alex- ander Campl)ell was deservedly popular. He was not, jierhaps, the most accessible of men, and his general manner may have been a trifle distant and brief : but it was soon discovered that he had a kind heart and a strong sense of justice. He was not a man to be trifled with ; he l>elieved in holding men to their duty : but, on the other hand, he was always glad of an opjiortunity of i-ewarding faithful seivice. He had a keen insight into charactei-, and had, con- se(|uently, little difficulty in dealing with men on theii- merits. His confidence was seldom given where it was not deseived, or withheld where it was deserv(>d. He was always leady to form his own independent o|>inion on any matter properly submitted to him, and ha\ ing formed his opinion, he knew how to stand l>y it. No departntent of the goverinnent came amiss to him, for the simple reason that his sound business methods were applicable e\(>iv\vlu>re. How useful such a nian must have \>wn to the - 430 PROM IX EXT MEX OF C AX AD A. cabiiu't as a wIkiIc. and particularly tn its leader, may Ik? iiiiagiued, but the full details are not likely ever t<> l)econie known. It will he re- nienihered that while Minister of Justiecame engaged in the lumber trade. In ISlV'^, he tiist went to the region where the town of Pembroke now stands, prospecting foi timber limits, but after taking stock of tiie land and its resources, he concluded to remain, and thei-e he resided from May lllth, IS-JS, to the end r,i his life. At the time of his settling at Pembroke, the neai'est house was sixty miles distant, so that he may l)e justly considered the founder of the town, in whose atVairs he took a jirominent interest as long as he lived, and to who.se material giowth and prosperity he largely contributed. He hehl a conmiission as lieutenant-colonel of militia from 18").'$, was a magistrate for a long peritxl, besides holding variS, he opened an ottiie in his native town, where he has con- tinutnl to practise ever since with great success. He was a])iM)inted a Queen's Counsel by the Dominion Government in Decemljer, I8S*J, and fctr several yeai-s 2)ast he hius Ix^ii one of the Canadian Pacific Hallway Coi.ipanvs s4»licitors, his division extending from Ottawa to Port Ar- thur. During all this pericnl, Mr. White j)rac- tised alone until the l)eginning of the present year ( ISDi'), when he formed a i>artnershijt with W. H. Williams, under the tirm name and title of White iV: Williams. From the thne of his youth almost, Mr. White has l)een accustomed to take a leading part in connection with public affairs in Pembroke, and foi- eight years in suc- cession he held th»' office of dej>uty-reeve, to which he was elected by acclamation on each occasion. He als(» served a term as warden of the county of Renfrew. In ISIU, underpressure of strong solicitations by his fellow-citizens, he allowed himself to be nominated for the mayor- alty of the town, and so satisfactoiily did he dis- charge the duties of his office that he was again returned by acclamation in 1S92. In politics, he has always been a staunch Libeial-Conservative, and an indefatigable campaign-worker. But withal, he has never been ambitious for polit' cal honour or preferment, and though time and time again solicited to accept a nomination for parliament, he has always declined. Mr. White is an enthusiastic mend»er of the Masonic t)rde:-, which he looks upon as the grandest fiaternal organization in the worhl. He joined the ciaft in Toronto in ISliS, has risen to the .'{2nd de- gree, and has been a member of (irand Lodge since liS70. In 1S71, he was (iiand Senior Warden, and in 1872 and '7;5 l).D.(J.M. of the Ottawa district. At the last annua! meeting of Grand Lctdge iu London, in July, lS!t2. he was elected Deputy Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Canada. He has also been a meml)er <)f the Board of (Jeneral Purposes foi- several years past, and Ix-longs to Ottawa Ko.se Croix Chapter, and Muiton Lodge of Perfection in Hamilton. In Oct., 1S70, Mr. White married Jeiuiie, youngest daughter of Col. Willson, of Onondaga, IJrant ccmiity, and has had issue four children a daughter, who died in infancy, and three sons, who are still living, Jolin, the eldest, iM'ing now a student at the Tniversity of To- ronto, and Reggie, the second son, is studving medicine at McGdl. As a jirofessional man, .Mr. White has a high reputati<»n, both in legal and business envies, and his stron^- sense of iionour, and strict integrity of c!;:i;acter, ha\»' secured for him the cs. r «u W. R. WHITE, Q.C. Pembroke, Ont. *r -■ 132 riiOMIXEXr MEX OF CAXAD2L HON. JOSf:PH A. CHAPLEAU, LL.D., y.C, P.C, M.P., THE HON. JOSEPH ADOLPH CHAP LEAU, LL.1)., Q.C., P.C, is a native Can- adian, havinj; l)een Imrn in Lower Canada, at Ste. Therese de Blainville, Ten-el M>nne, in li*<40. His p.irents were of French l)irth, haviiif,' come to tliis country in tlie early part of the century and settled in the Seijiiiiory of Tt rielM>nne. At the colleges of Terrebonne and St. Hyacinthe, ^[r. Chapleau leceived his education, and as a student he distinguished himself greatly, win- ning the warm iwlmiration of his teacliei-s, who jtredicted for him a gieat career. His favorite studies were the languages and history, hut for all branches of learning he displayetitude and regard. He had, while yet young. decileader was readilv rei-ogni/ed, not by the menil)ers of the bar alone, but by the occui)ants of the IhmicIi as well. Tiideed it was in this capacity that he first biought himself prominently into notice. Uut as a sj)eaker he was j)owerful. not only by reason of his argumentative abilities and the masteifu! manner in v.iiicii he arrani^ed his facts; but he added the grace of an accomplished declaimer, and his addresses alMiunded in Howers of i-hetoiic and in the choicest diction. Tn shttrt, Mr. Chaj)leau was quickly rt'gaided as a brilliant and effective orator, and the opinion then formed of iiim, in tliis respect, by the Lower Canadian ))ar, has since been fully en- dorsed on a laiger stage by the people of the Dominion of Canada. While still a student-at- law he had taken a keen interest in the politics of the day, and it is therefore not to be won- dered at that Mr. Clia))leau is found in the |K»li- tical arena at an earlier age than it is usual for men in Canada to seek parliamentary honours. It was not Mr-. Chapleaus desire for political dis- tinction, however, which first brought him into the field. It was the imperative demand of his party which forced him to divide his services l)etween his profession and his country. In 1 ^(S~, in the first Quebec Legislature which sat aftei- Confederation, he represented the county of Terrelndine, having Ikhmi elected by acclamation. Mr. Chapleaus success in politics was as rapiil as had been his success in law. Before he entered the administration of Premier Ouiniet, he was regarded as the strongest Cctnservative on the floor of the house, and even at that early stage he was, l)y the far-seeing, ly this position until the clctse of 1S74. when the ( )uimet admin- istiation rt-signed. In 1S7() he accepteponent on anything like anecpial ff jHMsonal i-egaid, and to strengthen and extend this popularity ^^r. Cha})Ieau has spared no jiains. Mr. Chapleau s j^reat t[ualities ha\e Ihh'ii recognized abroad as well as at lioine, and in XS^'l he wjus created a Connuander of the Legion of Honor l)y the Pr»'sident of the French l{epul>lic. Tn lf<)^;$ he was made a Queens Counsellor, and in li^S4 he was ap- |M»inted a Commissionei- liy the Dominion (tov- errnuent to proceed to IWitish Columhia and emjuire into the question of the Chinese Immi gratioii to Canada. He holds the chaii' of In- teinational Law in Ljival l^niversity, Montreal section, from which institution he himself olj- tained the degree of Doctor of Civil Laws. He is a directke. In i-eligion, M. Chapleau is an adherent (»f the l{oman Catholic faith, and was createtl a Commander of the Oriler of 8t. Gregory the (Jreat, in 1881. HARVEY PRP:NTICE DWKiHT. Toi'outii, Out. HAH VEV PRENTICE DWRiHT, President of the Great North-Western Telegi-aph Company, was born at Belleville, Jefferson county, New Yoi-k, on December 'JSrd, 1828, his parents l)eing of New England origin. He received his eaily education at a small ctjuntry school-house in Oswego county, which he left at the age of fourteen to seek his fortune in the world. His first situation was in a small coun- try stoi'e, where he lemained for thiee years. Telegraphy, which was then in its infancy in Canada, hekl out bright inducements for young men to enter its service, and after learning the art of an operator he sought and secured a posi- tion with the Montreal Telegrajih Company. This was in 1847, the tirst year of that company's operations. He was an operator, despatching messages by the Morse alphabet, Jis is done all over the continent to-day, but receiving them in a vastly lUtterent UKxle, /. e., reading the Morse characters printed on a paper tape \>y a ponderous brass machine, instead of, as to-day, receiving thtm by the ear, " taking by sound, ' as the ])hrase is. He was first stationed at Belle- ville, • )nt., and then Montreal, where he s(Km Ijecauie chief opeiator. He was sent to Toront<) when the com))aiiy"s Hues were extended thithei- in 184'J, and there filled, in his own i)ei'son, the functions of the whole staff in that ofKce. Always diligent, punctual, accurate, he was something more, he was pruileiit, and he was trustwoithy ; not many yeai-s pa.s.sed, therefore, when he was appointed Western Superintendent of the Monti'eal Company. This position gave scojM? to his abilities. < )ntario was devel<»ping lapidly, new districts were Iteing settled, the narrow-gauge railways radiating out of Toronto were l)eing built. Mr. Dwight, doubtless, saw the future importance of many a village that has since In'come a city, and he urged the con- struction of the network of telegiaph wires, which has given the Montreal Company .s<» strong a foothold in the pro% ince. Not only for puiposes connected with navigation were lines extended across tlie western peninsula, but the luml)ering interest, the mining interest, the oil-fields, the salt wells, all these api>ear to have l)een considered in Mr. Dwights plans, which may well have l»een regarded i)y some of the Montreal directors of those days as itold in the extreme. ()p[)osition liaving arisen alntut 1870, in the shape of the Dominion Telegraph Company, the lesult was the lower- ing of rates that in a few years made the business a losing one. Both companies were relieved, thei-efore, when, in 1881, a new orga- niziition, the (ireat North-Western, took over the wires of both companies. Mr. Dwight was chosen as the general manager of thiscompanv, and went t(> work to make one system out of the two sets of lines, and otherwise to consoli- date the business a Herculean task. There are between ."50,000 aiul 40,000 miles of wire in the .system, which reaches M;uiitoba as well as the Maritime Provinces, and extends to Michi- gan as well as New York and Veimont. The offices nund)er nearly 2,000, wliich will give some idea fif the inimber of emj)loyes. 'S\v. Dwight has been mainly instrumental in plac- ing the Dominion of Canada .second to no cul)Iif iiKM) of all j>arti<'^. anil soinctiint's j>lafc(l ill jMisitimis ot" |M(iiliai dflicacy and <'iiil»ariass iiu'iit, .Mr. hwiijlit has s«'i-ui«'d thi' confiih'iHc of all [lart ics and crt't'ds, and no iffiifial vwr counted with ;;i«'at('i- contidciut' ii|>on the loyalty of hi.s olHc«*rs and iiit-ii. Uut .Mr. |)\vi<,'ht has not foiiliiifd his liusiiicss ahilitics cxclusivi'lv to thf tcU'iirajih syst»Mii which owes to him its su- l)erhcoiiipletPiiess. Fit hastak-cnaii ai-tivepjirt in a huiiiImm- of (tthtT iinjioitant piihlif <'iitt'i|>ris«'s. and is one of the U-st know ii ini-ii in Canada. Since tiie recent wonderful develo|inient in elec- tricity, Mr. Dwii^ht has Im-cii i>roinint'iitly con- iifctt'd with a inimiK-r of inntoitaiit schcincs in connection then-with, and is an electrician whose juditiiient is much sought after, and whose opinions are liiLrhly \alued. In private life, Mr. J)wiuht enjoysthe respect of the wliole community. Mr. Dwi^^ht is a memher of the Chui'ih of England. He was first married to Sarah Hutchinson, of Port l{ol>iiisoii, she Wiiij; of Irish descent. This lady died. He suhse- • luently maiiied Miss Mary Marirfiret Helliwell. ilaugliter of William Helliwell, a York Pioneer. It is seldom that an elH'-ieut administrator, who must not rei;ard economy as tin* least imp thoroujihiy jiopular with those around him, yet ^fr. I)wi;u'ht is ri>.'ht and Richard Cobden ; and it is not to be wondered at if a younif man like «»ur subject, with eyes wide open for im- portant public ([uestions, and y<'arnin!j; for the (lav when his own voice mij^ht be heard, slioidd carry away in his mind the foundations of a very sound and very cndurinji liln'ralism. Younj; Clarke developed into manh*KMl at a peritul when EiiLtland was in the throes of a trade revolution, when the hand of the nation was at the throat of inoiio|>oly, and the C;(»ne iK-fore a short time previously. He settled in the township of Can- Iwiro'. in the Niai^aia distiiit. and devoted him self to farminic. Four years later, he removed to Hamilton, where he found commercial em ployment for a time. Whilst so enlitical ethtor- ship at P^lora. and it did stur, Toronto, for s«'V»'i!il years, and aftt'rwanls uHMlical assist- ant at Hainiltoii and Kiniiston, is now nijK'rin- t«*nd»'nt of KockwfNxl Asylum for Tnsjin" in tlic latter lity. fn lS,s|, .Mr. Clarke married a s»'i-ond time, and lK'<'ame unite |{os»', cldt'st dau;,'liter «>f .James Halley, of Pnnsonhy, On- tario. In isnj, Klora was infor|>orated, and Mr. Clarke elected to the council. He was aj>{M)inted reeve in the following; year, and for many terms aftei-wards occupied a scat in the County Council of \\'ellin!^ton. He was asclnM»l trustee foi- several yeai's. and ser\ed fui- a con- siderable time unty, he has taken an active interest ; but he is none the less ii friend of the entire jirovince, l)ecaust' his own constitueiicy is so «lear to him. Tn 18(51, he was apjwdnted a lieutenant in a v«»lunteer iifl«' company at rCloia : in ISfiG he liecame caj>tain, anil ser\ed for thi'ee months at Chat- ham and Point Edward durin, by a majority of six liundredandsixty : in 188.S, by a majority of tive hundred and ei<,'hteen ; in 1886, by acclamation ; and in 1800, by a majority of four hundred and tifty-nine. In J 880, on the orj;anization of the new Parliament, he was chosen Sjxniker, in succession to the Hon. U. ^1. Wells, and this position he retained through two parliaments, <,'i\in<.' un((ualitie, anil at Saiuly HiM>k \w heard tlie Kiij^lisli tra(-ti(al kiiowle«l-ie of the Kreiieh, (ieinian and Italian lani.'uaj;es. IJetter than all these, he was endowed with an iron constitution, which even the ri;{ouis of an Austrian prison had not Int'ii ai)le to injure, and a strength of will which would not admit the jM^ssihility of failure. Some idea of his resoiutii n may 1m- formed from tli»' fact, that when he found his want of knowledge of the En<,'lisli laiii;uaj,'e jnevented him from |iursuini,' his ennineerinji inofession with advan- taije, he determined to study law, as a means of acijuirin^ a mastery of the English tonijue. After sulisisting some months in New York hv ;iivin<; lessons in French and (iernian, he betook himself to Pittstield, Massachusetts, where he entered the otHce of the late Parker L. Hall, an eminent hiwyer of that town. The achievement of Mr. (Jzowski in masterinj^ the English lan- guage here was regarded as almost phenomenal. While pursuing his legal studies he supported himself hy teaching UKKlern languages, hy draw- ing, and hy fencing in two local academies. He studied Hlackstone it Kent, the "l:;uip"' from which he derived light to the meaning of the Ixioks, Ijeing a dictiouaVy. We further aie assured that his indomitable industry, his natural ability, his handsome, manly presence, and his tine social qualities, all combined with his mis- fortunes to make him a marked man in Pitts- tield society. After three years' study, in 1S;37, he pa.sse(l his legal examination successfully, antl V..IS only prevented from admission to the bar in conse([uence of his not being a naturalized citizen of tlie United States. He then passed over to Pennsylvania, whither he had been at- tracted by the fame of the coal discoveries there ; and having taken the oath of allegianire, was admitted to practice as an advocate in the Supreme Court. Law, however, he soon dis- covered was not the occupation for which he felt iie liad most inclination ; so in a little while we find him engaged as engineer in connection with canals and great public works. In 1S41 he came over to Toronto, and was for the tirst time brought into contact with some of the leading public men in Canada. The project of deepening and widening the Welland canal was now attracting much attention in Canada, and Sir Charles Bagot, wlio formed a very high opinion f»f the abilities and the character of Mr. Gzowski, sanctioned very cordially his appoint- ment to an office in the department of Public Works. Mr. Gzowski thereupon bade adieu to his American friends, and took up his abode in Canada. For the next six yeai-s iie was en- gaged in this department, and his rep|ier Canada l>ears ujM>n its surface the impress of his great industry and engineering skill." In 1S4>! he published a report on the mines of the I'pper Canada Milling Company on i^ake Huron, but the rail- way era had set in, and upon railway construc- tion was the mind of Mr. (i/.owaski InMit. He tirst connected himself with the St. Liiwrence ;ind Atlantic Railway Company ; and of this enterprise Mr. Gzowski was made chief eiigine^'r. He afterwards formed a [)artnership with Mr. (now Sir) A. T. Gait, the late Hon. Luther H. Holton, and the Hon. (now Sir) David Lt>wis M.icj)liersoii, and for seseral years devoteil him- self exclusi\ely to railway construction. In 1653 the firm of Gzowski c^' Co. obtained the contract for the construction of the line from Toronto westward to Sarnia. At the completion of this work, which terminated with the most satisfactory })ecuniaiy results, the firm was dis- solved, and the partnershij) thereafter comprised only Messrs. (Jzowski I'i: 5lacj)herson, who still continued in large railway-building operations. In l)^-)", the rirm established the Toronto rolling mills for the purpose of supplying railway com- panies with iron rails and other material. These mills were successfully operated for twelve years. The era of steel made the cimtinuance of the mills unnecessary. During the excitement caused by the Trent affair, Mr. (izowski j)ro- ceeded to England, and laid before the War ottice r. proposal respecting the defences (»f Canada. The liberality of his o\\ n 2)ers<»nal offer, and the brilliancy of the scheme, were admitted by the Government, but diplomatic reasons made it impossible to carry out the proposal. There- after Mr. (Jzowski took a deep interest in our militia, and became president <»f the Toronto Ritle Association. He afterwards l)ecaine presi- dent f)f the Dominion Kifle Association, and was instrumental in sending the first team of repre- sentative Canadian riflemen from this province to England in 11^70, to take part in the annual military operations at Wimbledon. In Xov., 187-, government recognized Mr. (Jzowslvi's zeal and achievements in connection witli the Rifle Associatifjn, and appointed him Lieutenant- Colonel of the central division of Toronto vol- unteers. In May, 1872, he became a Lieutenant- Colonel on the staff; and in 1879 he was ap- pointed aide-de-camp to Her Majesty Queen Victoria. The greatest of the many important public works, at the head of which was the subject of this sketch, may be mentioned : the International bridge spanning the Niagara river, which magnificent work was performed ^L 440 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. l>y Messrs. Gzowski »fe Macpherson at a cost of 81,")00,000. Sir Charles Hartley, in a work published in Kngland, in 1875, l)eai-s testimony to the fact that " the chief oreot]i political parties. He has fretjuently been im- portuned to enter public life, but he has refused • and one cannot but regret the refusal, wlien we consider what a splentiid tigure he would be in the political sphere that he wo-ld a?hie\e bril- liant successes thei-e, as he has tlone in tiie walk chosen for himself, there is no roem at all to doubt. Colonel (izow.ski still continues in partnership with Sir David Macplierson, but lie enjoys more now than in former years the ease of (](Hiiestic life. Colonel (izowski is priiicelv in iiis hospitality, and has entertained at his In^autiful residence on Bathurst-street most of the (iovernors-(!eneral of his time. He has acijuired a handsome fortune, and in social circles has a j)osition of great eminence. Alto- gether his character is a very splendid (jne, and it is above reproach of any kind. In manners. Colonel (izowski is courteous and genial, and he lias a very distinguished presence. On the 1st of July, 1S91, Colonel Gzwoski was created liy Her Majesty a Knight of the Order of St. Miciiael and St. (ieorge. HOX. KTCHAHD W.LLIAM SCOTT, Q.C., Off (I tea, Ont. HON. RTCHAKI) WILLIAM SCOTT, Q.C., leader of the Opposition in the Senate, and ex-Secretary of State, wasl,or:i in Prescott, Ontario, on the Jltli iMbiuary, lS2-">. Heisof Irish parentage on his father's siarents lieing in comfoi-talile ciicuuistances. He was educated by a pri\ate tutor, William Spiller, of Prescott, until he was ready to enter up(m the study of law. He reail in the otHce of Messrs. CriMiks li' Smith, of T<»ronto, and was called to the bar at the age of twenty-three years. He settled in Ot^tawa, then a small town, and entered upon the practice of his pro- fession. H«! early exhiV)ited a leaning towards public affairs, and took an active part as a yi tung man in many warm political contests. In 1S.")2 lie was elected mayor of Ottawa, and tilled his term of otHce with general satisfacti<»n to the pe()ple. In lf'.\. When con federation was consunmiated and the tirst gen- eral election for the Ontario Legislative Assem- bly was held, Mr. Scott was again elected for Ottawa, and fron- that time to the present he has been C(,ntinuously active in Canadian ])ublic affairs as a member of oiic of the great legisla- tive l)odief . He has held higii positions \ several adiiunist rations, and is to be credited with the initiation of some of the most impor- tant laws under which tlu' Canadian people now live. He was elected S[)eaker of the Ontario Legislative Assembly in l.'^'Tl, but in the organ- ization of the Blake administration he was asked to accept a portfolio and a seat in the executive council, and resigned the si)eakership after two weeks of office. He became Connnissioner of Crown Lands, and administered the affairs of that exeeedingly ditKcult office with marked ability. In \f^~',\ he was called to the Privy Council of the Dominion, as a member of the ^lackenzie administration, and resigned his place in the Ontario government and his seat in the house. He was clntsen as the fittest man to lead the Senate in eonjuiiction with Hon. Mr. Pelletier, and was called to the upjier liouse and made Secretary of State, in March. lc^74. His })osition in the government was that of Se- cretary of State and Kegistrar-tieneral. When Hon. (now Sir) Bichard Caitwiight, ^Minister of Finaiiee, went to Kiigland in that year, Hon. Mr. Scott acted in his place : and subsecpiently, in the absence of either members of the goM-rn- ment he acted at one time as Minister of Internal Revenue, and at another as Minister of Justice. On the defeat of the ^lackenzie ad- ministi-ation at the polls in 1S7S, Hon. Mr. Scott became leader of the oppositierience of Canadian life he gave up the idea <»f returning to the ohl land, f the Ottawa Protestant Home, and for several years )>ast she has been presbyterial president of the Women's Foreign ^lissionai-y Society, of Ottawa. JAMES PAWSON EDWARDS, Toronto, Out. 1"^HE gentleman whose name appeals alK>ve is one of the rising young men of Canada, and has not yet attained his fortieth year. James Pawson Edwards was boin in Toronto «m the 14tli of April, 18.">2, his parents being William and Tsmena (Taaffe) Edwai'ds, the for- mer of whom was lx)rn in Briston, ccmnty of Norfolk, England, and tlie latter in Ballymote, in the county of Sligo, Irelanil. < )ur sul)ject is the only one living of two children who sur- vived infancy, the offspring of a second marri- age, he l)eing the eldest. His sister, TCmily Tsmena, who in 187.i became the wife of George R. Harper, architect, Toronto, died in 187o, leaving a daughter. His father was born on the 4th of May, 1818, and came to Can- ada in May, 1836, settling in Toronto in Dec- emr)er of that year, since which time he has been a permanent resident. At tirst lie was engaged in mechanical and connnercial jmrsuits. At the time of the confederation of the provinces he entered the Ontario civil service as secretary of the department of public w«»rks and iuuni- gration, which position he held until the year 1873. Immigration duties were tlien attaehed to the vlepartment of agriculture, and Iiis whoh- time has since been i' Co., who was succeeded by tiie firm now bearing the name of M. A- L. Samuel. Holding that jiosi- tion until 186N, he was ai»j)ointed to a position in the Public Works Department of the ( )ntario Government, under the Sandtield-Macdonald administration. From the position of a cleik he was sulxseciuently aj)pointed to that of ac- countant, to which was shortly aftei- added the duties of law clerk, and these coml)ine([ jiosi- tions he still continues to fill. During the absence of his father as chief connnissioner of emigration for Ontario, in (ireat llritain, in the year 1873, he also attended to tiie duties of secretary of Public Works for Ontario. In 1872 he was appointed to the ])ost of Assist- ant Innnigration Agent for Ontario, at Quebec, ♦ •■ r ■^ 1 JAMES PAWSON EDWARDS. Toronto, Ont. 444 PROMIXEKT MEN OF CANADA. where lie reinaiued fur one season. He be- came secretary-treasurer of tlie Toronto Elec- toral District Society in I'^^TO, and since that time has Immmi one of the most active woikeis in all matters or schemes haviii<,' a tendency to promote the welfare of Industrial Exhilntions. Jndeed, tiiis has Iwen one of Mr. Edwards" iiohhies, and few can say what he has to say, and that i.s, that ever since he was twelve years of a,i,'e he has heen associated in some way witii exhibitions — in his earlier years as a.s.sistant to his father, and in his later years as a director or executive otiicer. hi the l)riii,i;inu alMiut the estal>lishiiieiit of our j>i'esent Toronto Indus- trial Exliibitiim, which has since jtroven to be, in the words of the late P. T. IJarnuiii, '' the liieatest show on earth," he Mas one of the sub- committee to draft the .scheme. From the inception of the Industrial Exhibition Associ- ation in tlie fall of 1S7S to the year 1S!»0, Mr. Edwards has lieen a member of the association. He was elected an honorary directo,- for the years ISSS and ISS!), and dui-iiiit the same years was also chairman of the carriage com- Jiiittee. On the death of :Mr. Mitchell in ISSl) (the then treasurer), ^Ir. Edwards assisted in carrying out tlie work of the department for the balance of the year, and in the fall of the same year he was uiiatiimously elected treasurer of the association. Mr. .1. P. Edwards is one of the vice presidents of the International Association of Fairs and Exi)ositions, which meets yearly to exchange ideas on iratters [lertainiiig to exhibitions. He is an ; 'dent devotee of athletics, and was one of the pro- moters of the Toroiitti Atheiueum Club, of which he was one of its first direct^>rs, and since its formation has, in addition to that of direc- tor, held the positions of president and \ice- j>resideiit, the last of which he occupied for four years. He is also president of the .\tlieii- ii'Uiii bicycle club in connection with that in- stitution. In all athletic pursuits, wheeling, lioating, lacrosse, and, in fact, all field spoi'ts, Mr. Edwards is much eiigros.sed, and devotes what spare time he has from his arduous duties to the develojtment of bone and sinew, and in this his vigoi'ous frame shows he has been suc- cessful in no small degree. Although springing from an old Reform family, he is neutral in politics, he Inning entered the civil service at so early an age that any political proclivities he may lia\e pcs.sessed or developed were liuT-ieil. In religion, .\fr. Edwards was brought up in the Methodist Church, his father having tilled several official positions in the old Kichmond- street Methodist church, of which he was for forty-six years a member. For the past six years, .lames Pawson Edwards with his family ha\«> iM'cn attending the Episcopal Church, lie was married on the "Jlst ol October, 1S74, to Emilv E., only dau^jliter of the late John Haiper, who for many years was tme (tf our most prominent architects and Imilders. Mr. Harper was among the pioneei's of Toionto, and had the honor of repres»'nting St. An- drews ward in the first city council, and for many years thereafter ; and while in that cafi- acity succeeded in bringing aiM>ut many reftanis which have since jtroved of the greatest Ikmic- fit to the city. Among the more prominent buildings erected by him, which stand to-day as monuments of his handiwork, are the Tor- onto (ieneial Hospital, St. Michael's Cathe- dral, a portion of the new fort, Holy Trinity Chuich, and, in connection with liis son, the police court buildings in Couit-sticet. Jiy this maiiiage theiv has l)een an oflspring of two children, a girl and a l)oy, the former of whom, Edith Lilian, was l«)rn on the lOth day of April, ISTC), and Arthui- Harper on the Gtli of March, 1S7S, both of whom aie now attending the Model Sch(K)l. It is the jmrpose of his father that Arthur should still further continue his .studies at the I'jiper Canada College, aiul thence on to a jMiint which will fit him for any walk in life that he may select. In con- cluding this sketch, it is safe to jiresume that Mr. Edwards, our subject, will still rise to gieater attainments, and when old age has come upon him, will be able to look back upon to fill. In the oftiee in whifh he was employed, greater and gieater lesponsihility was put ujM)n him, as he gave evi- dence of ahility to assume it. He was only twenty-six years of age when he was appointed general stoiekeeper of the road. In this capa- city he came particularly under the notice of Mr. Van Home, Ji man of much the same char- acter as himself, l)ut older and higher in the service, and when Mr. Vaii Home became man- ager of that greatest of all railway exi)eriments, the Canadian Pacific, he a\ ailed himself of the services of the indefatigable and level-headed young man. Mr. 8haughnessy was apiK»inted general purchasing agent of tlie Canadian Pa- cific in Octobei', ISSl', and since that time he has l)een identified with the great Canadian system, advancing steailily and rapidly to his present high and responsible position. Mr. Shaughnessy hfis been useful to the Canadian Pacific in the most imi)ortant work of negotia- tion. The building \\\) of the pi'esent magnifi- cent system has not been only a matter of buy- ing right of way and laying rails. At every turn ami on every side complications of tlu' j gravest kind have blocked the advance of the Canadian Pacific. There have been times, as \ tin- the general man- ager in January, 1SS4, and less than two years later, Assistant (ieneral Manager. When Mr. Van Home was elected to the Presidency of the road, on the retirement of Lord Mnunt- steplien, Mr. Shaughnes.^y was given the title of Assistant President, his duties remaining the same as before. Subsequently the Board ga\ e direct recognition of his services by electing him Vice-Presiflent. The attainment of so high and responsible a jiosition by s(» young a man is uiiexamj)letl in the history <>f Canadian railway life. 3Ir. Shaughnessy has not sought fame or fortune outside the railway. He has a wide circle of friends, however, by whom he is highly esteemed anil c(»idially admired. Though in business afiairs his manner is direct almost to brusijueiiess, he is known among his accjuaint- ance as a man of the kindest sympathies and readiest generosity. SIR SAMUEL LEONARD TTLLEY, K.C.M.C, Fredirhfon, N./i. V^IR SAMUEL LEONARD TILLEY, K.C. O ^L(i., Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of New Brunswick, Frederictoii, one of the most prominent of our Cani'dian statesmen, is the son of Thomas M. Tilley, of Queens county. New Brunswick, and great grandson of Samuel Tilley, of l>rooklyii, New York, a U. E. loyalist, who, at the termination of the Anr.'rican revolution- ary war, came to New Brunswick, and became a irrantee of the now city of St. John in that province. Sir Letmard was born at (leorgetown, Queens county, on the Stli May. 181S, and re- ceived his education at the grammar schcMtl of his native village, and when he had attained his thirteenth year, went to St. John, ami became apprenticed to an apothecary. J>efore beginning business for himself. Mr. Tilley was for a time in the employ (»f William O. Smith, druggist, a gentleman of superior intellectual jiarts, ami who took an acti\e interest in all political ino\t'- iiients of the day. It was probably from him that the future Lieutenaut-GoNernor of th.' jtro- \ ince deriveil his tirst lessons in politital < con- oiiiy, and which served him so well when he was minister of finance for the Dominion of Canada, and we say, without being far astray, that Mr. Smith plainly saw that his le.ssons were not likely to be wasted on this clear-iieaded and en- thusiastic young man. Young Tilley, too, being spiung from loyalist stock, it is only fair to assume that whenever, if e\f'r he should bring I -i- rROMiyEST MEN OF CANADA. 447 himself Wfttn- tin- imldir, he wouKl tiiid a prt-- |M)s.ses.sii>n in liis t"!i\<.'U". Hi' liet-aint'u j>r<)iiiiiR>iit ineinlHT of Ji dehiitinj; s'iciKy wlu'ii >;"vt'iiti'cn, and t(M»k a Icadiiii.' part in jMilitical (liscussiuns. and .shortly afterwards l)ecanie an able advocate of the cause of temperance. It may he said iiere that from that far-i)ast day to this Mi-. Tilley has always Ijeeu loyal to his temi>erance prin- ciples, has always seized the oppoitunity to for- wai'd the movement, and upon all otiasjons has shown the sincerity of his character liy the j)rac- tice of liis piecepts. In recoi^nition of his dis- tiniruisheil services in the cause, the National Division of the Sons of Temperance of America, in 18")4, elected him to the hii,diest ottice in the order, namely, that of Most Worthy Patriarch, and which ptsition he held for two years. In enlai'iied politics the first heard of Mi-. Tilley was ill 1S49, when le was the seconder on the pajKTof B. Ansley, who was returned by a gotnl majority. He was one of the foremost pro- moters of the Railway League, organized to se- cure the construction iitly appeared at the <^ueb«'c conference, whei ^ he made a telling sjH-ech on the imjM»i- tance al the province he represented. The pro- ceedings >f the Queliet- conference were kept from the public with the most zeali»'>' care, but one member iH'longing to a sea province toUl his wife one day th;it "it was n(» i.: e, he was un able " to keep it a:>v longer. He unburthened himself to a newspajH-r etiitor, when, with the speed of the wind, intelligence of the affair was spread thiough the Uritish North American j>ro- vinces. At once in the lower jn-ovinces a storm of opjMisition was raised to the scheme, and presses rolled out tons of pamphlets, placards, circulars and open letters, denouncing tiie scheme, and calling upon the people to rise and thwart Tilley and other enemies of his countiv. The minister te'l. The Irish were all the time rampant and ui. ippeasable. They all remem- bered how Irelani had once been sold, and their rei)reseiitative newspaper l>ecame so bitter as to eventually o\erreacli its aim. To help along the scheme and defeat the great booming of the Irish, fate brought along the Fenian scare. The go\ernment resigned, and ^Ir. Tilley was sent for to form an administration. A new election t(jok place in 1 ?<(>(), and the indis got a still worse drubbing than had fallen to the lot of the sujtpoiters of confederation. A short time after- wards Mr. Tilley attended the conference in England, formed t() procure a Chart of Union, and he was, in July, lJ^G7, made a C.B. (ci\il), in recognition of his distinguished services. He resignetl his seat m the New iJrunswick legis- latur«' and govt'inment to bec<»nie minister of customs in the new Canadian cal)inet. From Noveinl>er, IStiS, to April, l8(»lt, he acted as minister of public works, and on the 'I'lwd of February, IS7.'>, he was mad(> minister of finance. This oflice he held until the downfall of the ad- ministration on the -"ith of Novenil)er of the same year. He then became Lieutenant-(io\ernor of iiis native pi-ovince. which office he held till ]S7S, when he took the field again, with the triumphant result so well known. In the new Consei-\ati\ e administration he became once again finance minister, ami siiortly ai'terwards framed the legislation with which his name will be connected .so long as the history of Canada is read, namely the National Policy. On May ■J4th. 1S79, he was ci-eated a Knight of the Order of St. Michael and St. Ceorge by the (gov- ernor-General, acting for the Queen. During the session of 1S?<.~), at Ottawa, Sir Leonards health having given way, he was comiieiled to reliiKiuish his parliamentary duties, and seek coinpjirative rest and recreation by a visit to London, England, where he gaM' attention to some matters relatinjjr to the finances of the 448 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. Ddiiiirnoii, and also con.skltnably improved his licalth. On liis n'turii to Ottawa in the fall, lie however suffered a lelapse, and it Ix'tanie very evident to his friends, that he couhl no longer sueeessfully cope with his departmental duties, and it' he would prolong his usefulness, he must abandon parliamentary life. He accordingly sent in his resignation, whiih was accepte«l at a meeting of the Cabinet held on the .'Hst < )ctober, at which meeting Sir Leonard was apiM»inted Lit'utenant-(!ovei-nor of New I'runswick for a second time, the term of Lieutenant-(iovernor Wilmot having expired several months liefore. On his return to his native jtroxince, he was ac- corded a heaity recei)tion l)y the ])eople among whom he luul grown up, who gladly welcomed him back to the position he had so worthily tilled from 1S73 ter of prominent persons, who had assembled to witness the ceremony. It may here l)e stated that in December following, the Lil)eral-cnnser- vativeClub of St. John, N.B., was presented by Mr. Hogerson, with a bust of Sir Leonard, on which occasion C A. Everett, then M.P. for the city, who had known him from lM)yhood, delivered an address in which he sketched his careei', and spoke in the most complimentai-y teiins of his great public services. Sir Leonard Tilley has been twice marriey the opening of navigation in 1870, however, Mr. i)awson had a fleet sufficiently large f<»r the purpose, and pioperly adapted foi- the under- taking. Having manned these with 800 skilled voyageurs, the e.xjieditionary force was carried through without so much as an accident. The success of this memorable boat voyage, through oOO miles of wilderness, induced Loi-d Wol.seley, who had been in command of the forces sent against Kiel, to try, in after years, the same systeu) of transjjortation on the Nile, and the Canadian voyageurs who went to Egyj)t wei'e as successful as had been those in Canada. In 1871, Ml'. l>a\vs(tn acted as Honorary rmlian Connnissioner with Mr. Weynnss W. Sii,'> ;n. Chief Indian Connnissioner, in his negi- !' ions with the ilifiei-ent bands of Indians at iJainv River and Lake-of-the-Wo«Kls ; and in 187."5 he was api)ointed joint commissioner with the Lieutenant-(iovernor of Manitoba, and the Indian Conmiissionei' of the North-West, in concluding a treaty with the Salteaux tribe of the Ojibbeway Indians. In 1874 he consented to stand for the constituency of Algoma in the Provincial Ontario elections, and with this end in view he resigned the charge of the Dawson Route. He was elected, but in 1878 he re- signe,( his seat in the local House and was returned foi' the Commons. In the general election of 1882, Hon. Wm. McDougall entered the lists against him and suffered disastrous defeat. In 1887 he was ;igain returned for Algoma, Ijut refused to stand at the last general election, having had enough of public life. In 4 I'liOMIXKXr MEX or C AX ADA. U9 jiiirliiiiin'iit Mr. I);i\\>nii has doiu* inurli, imt Hilly t'<»r liis own district. Imt tor the rouiidy ;;t'iu'rjilly. TXw liy(li<>^ia])liic survt^y of the fjrciit lakes was lari^ely liis iiieasiire. He was chairman, t, of the select tonmiittee, aj)jM>inted in the session of 18S0, to in([uire into matters connected witli the disj>uted territory, and the reports of that committee were most exhaustive and contained much vahialile information re f."vrdin>; the country. He has done much for the N 1 ) F< )r P»NI KH PHEFOXTATNE, JV P>.C.L., .M.P., Montreal, is a representative of one of the oldest families of Canada, his an-, cestijr having settled at Ciiamhly, in wliat was then New F' ranee, in lOSO. Mr. Prefontaine was horn at Lonj,aieuil, C^ue., .Septeml>ei- 16th, 1S50. He was educated hy private tuition, and the ablest tutors of the province were employed to instruct him. Sul)S(([uently he attendetl the Jesuits' college, in Montreal, from wl.ich institu- tion he graduated. In lJ^7.'5 he was called to the bar of Quebec, and in the same year he received the degree of li.C.L. fitun Mc(iill colL^ge, Mon- treal. His brilliant abilities as a stndent had been noted, and when he entered on the prac tice of liis profession, he did not disappoint the expectations of the many who had propliesied a successful career for him. He rapidly made his inaik as a barrister, and l)uilt u[) a large legal business. Like most of the aspiring and able young iiir-ii of Canada, he early took a warm and active interest in politics, and in the (^^ueliec general election he was nomiiiat«Ml as the Liberal standard-bearer for Chambly. Against the fiercest and most determined opposition, he suc- ceeded in carrying the constituency. If Mr. Prefontaine's abilities as a barrister are great, and that they are is universally acknowledged, liiscapacity for politics is still greater. When he entered the public arena he had discovered his proper sphere. He soon came to the front in the legislature of Quebec, and was recognized as one of the leaders of the future. Tn the general election of 1S78 he was defeated, but his op- j)onent was unseated by the crmrts, and in June, 1879, Mr. Prefontaine was once more returned. Tn 1S79 he was elected mayor of Hochelaga, and was re-elected in successive years till 1884^, when he became an alderman of Montreal, his legal business being in that city, and compelling him, by its greats increase, to take up his resid- ence there. In the general election, held in the Province of QucIm-c in 1881, Mi-. Prefon- taine lost his seat in the local house. When, in I88r>, Mr. Ileiioit, the iiiemlM*r in the l>omiiiion jiarliament. resigneti the seat for Chambly, Mr. Prefontaine was selected by the LilM-nds to cft"<»lf Ir' CJllllC to tll.lt JHOX ilKC ill' lliul tolll- m.iiiclmj)anied by a rabble of men, bear- ing all sorts of weapons, and demanded of Mrs. Howai-d that dinnei' should be ))repared at once for his followers. ^Irs. Howard had too nmch of the Loyalist blocnl in her veins to be over- awed by threats, and sh(! declined to work at the rebel leader's l)ehest. Mackenzie's temper was not the (juietest even under ordinary cir- cumstances, and the good lady's refusal angered him almost beyond his very limited powers of self-control. His men invaded the family store- house and larder, and set about pi-eparing a meal for themselves. < )n the r»*i('ipt of some message from outside, Maikiiizic called his men away, but the party scMin afterwards returned, their leader more furious than ever tliat dinner had not been made ready. One of the men was poorly-et|uipped ai d badly connvianded reliels. loiter on, as a court-house official, Mr. Howard was present when the trial of McDer- mott was in progress on the charge of murder- ing Capt. Kinnear antl liis housekee[>er in Richmond Hill, when a panic seized the immens<' crowd in attendance because of the belief that th'* building was falling, and all hands, from Judge Jones, who was on tlie l)ench at that time, to the lowest sjiectator, frantically rushed from the court, leaving the prisonei- absolutely alone. In the great hre of 1S4'.>, which e most clearly traced. His reading contirms him in the opin- ions he imlnhed in childluMMl that British institutions and British |)olitical metlKnls are best calculatetl to brinf^ out a'l that is best in a j^rowiny people. He ref;ards annexation to the United States, which is sometimes pi()jM)sed, with a feeling which is not unjustly to be called one of abhorrence, and the idea of Independence beini,', in liis opinion, oidy a step in the direction of the otiier, he treats with little more forl)ear- ance. He has been precluded by his official jK)sition from taking part in political affairs, l»ut he never conceals his opinions, ami such inrtuence as he feels he may exert, is given in the direction of drawing closer the l)onds between Britain and Canada. As a young man, he was a member of the Sedentary Corps of Militia, now out of connnission, in which he held the rank of captain. During the Trent affair, he was one of those who volunteered for active service. In carrying out his principles, he has become a member of the Imperial Federation League, a lx)dy of peaceful methods, but having for its object the one which he regards as the highest aspiration tjf the true Cajiadian — the union of the mighty British Empire. Mr. Howard has few business interests outsitle of his (jtficial position. He has been a director of general commercial con- cerns, but he has resigned these positi<»ns, except in the case of the Confedei-ation Life Association, of the lx)ard of which he is still a member. HENRY ALFRED GRAY, Toronto, Ont. HENRY ALFRED GRAY, C.E., Toronto, member of the institute of Civil Engineers, Engineei- in charge of the Public Works depart- ment, Western Ontario, was born on the 21st Nov.. 184.'5, at Edgbaston, nea; Birmingham, Eii'^land. His father was Edmund A. Grav, for many years a prominent educationist connected with the Anglican church. He was also an artist of considerable talent and repute, and many of his paintings were exhibited by the So- ciety of Arts, of which he was a member. He al- ways encouraged his son in drawing and sketch- ing, and gave to him his tirst lessons in mathe- matical (hawing. He died 7th October, 1857, and his wife died 24th January, 1852. The family from which Mr. Gray is descended is Scottish, and ve'j old. His paternal grandfather was attached to the Britisli embassy at Moscow, Russia, tVtr a numlM-i- ofyears. His brother was oneof the firm of the original liroadwiMxis, piano- makeis, Ijoiidon. Mr. (^ Baker, at Doncaster, York- shire, and at Saltiey Colh'ge, near I5irmingham, under Canon (Jover, ^LA., and was intended for the ministry of the Anglican Church, and at sclnM»l he was remarkable for his studiousness. He showed a great inclination for the jiursuit of art ; nor was he content to catch his inspiia- tion at secondhand, for he was found in those days abroad in the HeUl, with sketch book and j)encil, "at natures own lips diinking tleeji. Not finding in himself a vocation for the minis- try, he entered the service of the Midland Hail- way of England, where he served as a student, engineer, etc.. under the general manager, the late Sir James AUport. In 1803, he termin- ated his connection there, and proceeded to Bombay, India, upon special service. He was stationed in the West Indies from 1804 to 1860 ; came to Canada in I860, and joined the staff of exploration surveys of the Intercolonial Railway, and acted on surveys and location till 1871, as assistant engineer. In 1871, he was appointed by the commissioners engineer in charge of tlie construction of the Nova Scotia section of the railway. In 187.'}, ujmhi the completion of the road, he was appointed engineer of permanent way, and held this charge til! 1875. From 1875 to 1878, he was chief engineer of the Cape Breton Company's railways, completing the nari-ow-gauge line from Sydney t) Louisburg ; was also consult- ing engineer '>f the Londonderry Iron Jind Steel Work^. Nova Scotia, and engineer in charge of the Western Counties Railway con- struction in Nova Scotia. He was appointed to the Public Works department f>f Canadsi in 1878, under Sir Charles Tuppei-, and tiansferred to the department under Sir Hector Lange- vin, in 1879. From 187'J to 1886, he was in charge of Western Ontario (Lake District), re siding at Stratford, where, as a citizen, he was the tirst presidei t of the A.rt School and mem- l)er of the High Sc1uk»1 Board as well as the Separate Sch(M>l Board. In 1886, he was ap- pointed Assistai t Chief Engineer of the De- partment of Pulilic Works, and during 1880- 87, examined and reported upon the liideau river Hoods and proposetl canal, also the pan-dust <;bsti'uctions in the Ottawa liver. In 1887, he was admitted a member of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers, and from 1888 to 1889 was Resident Superintending Engineer, Public Works, Maritime Provinces. In 1889, he was recalled to take charge of the district of Western Ontario. In 1890, as a mark of his high professional standing, he was atlmitted to membership of the Institute of Civil HENRY ALFRED GRAY, '. ORONTO, ONT. t ■K*-. 454 PROMIXEXT MEN OF CANADA. Engiiieei-s, LoiuImm. Kiiiiland. Mr. ( J ray design- ed and built the large C-'.tllege at Meniranic iis wlicre lie was stationed tVnni time t » time ; and a sjdtMidid (iothie ehurcli at Truni, ^<•va Scotia, is the work ot" this extiemely eap- alle architeet. In 1)^00, Mr. Gray heeame a Freemason of the Siottish rite, and held ottiee in t'iiat association till he heeame a Roman Catholic. He was brought uj) in the Anglicai. Chureh, but after leaving college associated himself with the Swedenborgians, l»ut never joined that ImhIv. After some yeais of study, lie at last joined the Roman Catholic Church (May, b'^-")7), and is now an ardent adherent to that faith, although not t all bigoted. He married Alice Lomer, second daughter of (^aptain (Jeorge Lomer, late of the Royal Irish Fusiliers, on the liUth Sej)- tember, ISOo. Her father was otKcer in charge iif military piisons, and divd of yellow fever in lf<();5. This lady died in Cape Breton, on 7th February, in 1S79, leaving live children, one of whom the second eldest, P^dmund, was drown- ed in the same year. He married again, on the 12th May, ISSO, Catherine McDonald, daugh- tei- of John McDonald, IuuiIkm- merchant, Ottawa, and niece of Alex. McDonell, one of Canada s oldest contractors. There are no children 1)V the second marriage. Mr. (Ji'av has three sons and one daughter living : the eldest soil, educated at St. Michaels College, Toronto, is now an othcer in the Rank of Hamil- ton. His second s<»n, Rlaiide P., educated at the Jesuit College, Montreal, is an officer in the Peninsular Savings Rank. Detroit, Michigan. Mr. (Jray iias not l)een lost in his profes- sion by any means, and has given much of his tinu> and a good deal of enthusiasm towards the IM-omotion of education and othei- worthy ob- jects. He is a man <»f large heart and cheerful disposition, aiul encourages manly sports, yacht iiig and boating, in which he himself partici- pates. He is a lover of music and of art, and an advocate of the legitimate drama. He is always ready to ;issist younger iiiembers of his j)rofession. HON. JOHN CHRISTIAN SCHULTZ, M.D., F.B.S.C. Whuiijify, Jf(tn. HON. JOHN C. SCHULTZ, M.D., F.R.S.C., etc., Lieut. -Co vernassed wheic the great straits meet Lake Erie on the picturescjue Essex shore, which is so rich in memoiies of Canada's early heroic historv. Here was the mound from \\lii<-li Tecumseh harangued his dusky warriors ; there, the giass-grown eajthworks where Brock re- viewed his ill armed frontier levies ; this, the sandy beach where the Red and White Chiefs tii-st met, anrofession, he clu»se that of medicine, and it seemed likely that his life was to be spent in its piactice in Ontario. It was well for the Dominion, however, that it was not so • trdered, for if the great country west of Ljike Superitti' is part of Canada to-day, that fact is largely due to the patriotism, the ccturage and til constancy of the subject of this sketch. Th i|uiet but athletic Esyex lad was to develop a manhooellion and defend the Hag of their Queen was a hopeless and therefoi-e a useless task ; yet it saved the great West for Canada by confirming the loyalty of the eaily IJritish settlers and tlie Indians who watched these strange proceedings with cui'ious eyes. It confuted Fenian statements that liiel headed a reltellion of the whole people against Britain, and that the Hhanu'ocks and Fleur-tle-lis he had hoisted where the Red Cross of St. (Jeorge had heen torn down, was the work of an united people who were rife for a Fenian Republic. Fenians iind Annexatittnists alike saw in it the frustration of their hopes, and it left to Wolse- ley the easy task of scattering Riels followers like chaff, when the harder one of reaching the country at all had heen accomplished. Dr. Schultzs escape from prison first, and the walls of Fort {larry afterwards, his aiding the raising of a force which released his former compiinions in prison, liis escape from the country with a price upon his head, are too well known to need recapitulation here, and it is rarely that he can be persuaded to speak of these thrilling events wiiieli. while they have made his name in Can- ada a household word, yet have caused him years of physical sufferings .ind left him but jirecarious health. Elected as one of the tiist rej)resentatives of Manitoba in the House of Connn<»ns, he was instrumental in causing the adoption of the block system of survey for the Prairie region, and took an active part in all the debates upctn matters affecting the North- West. Respecting the Indians tor their hjyalty to the Crown during the rebellion, and grateful to them for their kindness to him when dependent upon them for shelter and food, he has always been their firm friend in parliament and else- wheie, and m liy cf the measures adopted for their benefit have been upon his advice, as no man in Canada has a more extensive acquaint- ance with the different ti'il)es and the couiitry in which they live. He, more than any other man, hap, been the means of informing Cana- dians of the value of their Westein and Noi-tliern ;u(|uisition, and has freely given to Canada the result of his thirty-two years of travel, experi- ence and research in the country he knows so well, and for which he has done and suffered so much. Although weakened by years of sick- ness, caused by the events of which we have spoken, his carriage is still erect and" dignified ; uniforndy courteous to all, and, aided by his deNoted wife, who so gracefully dispenses the hospitalities of Government House, their rule is popular with all classes, and it is eveiywhere conceded that His Excellency the (lovermir- General has in his Manitoba lieutenant a gov- ernoi" who has faii'ly won his high position, step by step, from the patriot, hunted foi- his life over snowy wastes, ti> the representative of the Crown in Maiiitoba, which he now is. The following chronological and othei* de- tails will be interesting to our readers: His Honor Lieutenant-(Tovern(»i- Scluiltz is of Noise and Irish descent. His father, William tSchultz, was a merchant of Rergen, Norway, and his mother, Elizabeth Reily, of Randon, Ireland. He was lM)rn at Andierstburg, in the County of Essex, Ontario, on the 1st of Janu- ary, 1840. He received his jiiimary education in the scIkhiIs at Andierstburg and Obeilin, and his medical education at (Queen's and Victoria Colleges. He visited Fort (iarry in 18()0, and returned the same year through the Sioux and Ojibway country to St. Paul, and thence to Canada. In 1S61 he graduated M.D. He then retuiiied to Fort Cany, where he made extensive botanical collections, and afterwards emlxjdied his observations in a paper which he reatl before the Botanical Society of Kingston, and for which he was elected a Fellow. In r^G."?, he assisted (rovernor Mactavish and the Rt. Rev. Bishop Anderson, D.I)., in forming the Institute of Ruperts Land, of whicli he became secretary, taking an active part in the formation of its museum, by contributing papeis on prevail- ing diseases of Ruperts Land, and other subjects. In 1867 he married Agnes Campbell, daughter of James Farquharson, Es(j., formerly of British Guiana, merchant. In 1SG7 and 1868 he urged the union ot all the pro\inces, and his efforts to induce the western extension of the Confedera- tion of provinces, to include his adopted home, gained him the ill-will of the then rulers of Rupert's Land. He was afterwards awarded the Confederation medal. When the purchase of the North-West was consummated in 186!*, and after the capture of Fort (4arry by the insurgents of that year, his house, then under its guns, was besieged, and its thirty-nine defenders of the Government supplies stored thei-e, cut off from wood and water, were, on the 7th December, 1860, captured and incarcerated in Fort Garry. In February, 1870, lie escaped, and was one of a large force of loyally-disposed inhabitants who completeil the I'elease of the rest of the prisoners. He was then declared to be liable to be shot, a reward was offered for his capture, dead oi- ali\e, and the oiilinary routes of the province were guarded. He, however, succeeded in eluding pursuit, and after a toilsome and adventurous journey, reached Ottawa, by way of the heads of Lakes Winnipeg "id Superioi-. In thespiingof 1870 he returned to Manaolia by the l)aws(>n route and Winnij)egrivei', and at Am first general r a. PRO MI NEXT MEN OF CANADA. 457 ♦■lection he was cli<»seii to represent Lisi^ar in the House ot' Commons, whieh seat he lield till 1SS2, when he was elevated to the Senate. He wfis captain of the Lisgar Rifle C(»mpany from 1^*71 to 1^^74 ; a memljer of the first Executive Council for the Xorth-West territories in lf>72 ; a{tpointed memV>er of the Dominion Board of llealth for ^[anitoba and North-West territories same year, and one of the Governois of the Manitoba Medical Board. Was piesident wards of one hundred and fifty thousand, all of them practically collected, an-anged and classi- fied under his supervision. Tn 1S.")1, in ]Mon- treal, and in L^")4, in Quebec, a great many Nolumes had been destroyed by fire, and in con- se'e^tions in Reyard to the Formation of Local Governments for Upper and Lower Canada in Connection with a Federal Union of the British North Ameii- can Pntvinces,' published at Ottawa in IStitJ. " Parliamentary Gowi-nment in England : its Origin, Development and Practical Operation,"' published in London, f]ngland, in two volumes, the first volume issuing in 18()7 ; <1 the second in 1869. He also wrote and published a work on "The Position of a Constitutional Goveinor under Responsible Government," and one entitled " Parliamentary Government in the Ih'iiish Cohmies." Dr. Todds work was remarkal)le for its wide range of thought, and for the clear- ness and aceui'acy (»f its observation. Lito constitutional <|uestions he seemed to have an intuitive insight, r.nd his declarations upon th>j same are made in a style as simple, graceful, and direct as running watei-. His books were commented on in the most favorable manner by all the great literary magazines or the day, and his work on Parliamentary (fovernment in England, especially, obtained enthusiastic praise. Speaking of it, the " Edinburgh Review" said : " It is a remarkable circumstance that we should be indebted to a resident in a distant colony, the Librarian of the Canadian House of Parliament, for one of the most useful and com- plete books which has ever appeared on the practical opei-ation of the Brit," ;h Ccmstitution." In refei-ence t') the same work, the " Saturday Review " said : " At the first sight there seems a certain boldness in the notion of one whose ex}>erience is exclusively colonial, venturing to instruct people at home on the nature and scope of the system by which they are governed. But ^Ir. Todd has kept himself so accurately iu- foru'ed upon all that has been said and done in the mother country, anil he has so - 458 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. diligently reatl everything that has l)eeii written here at all likely to th)-c>w light upon the sub- ject, that nolxxly will detect the least colonial or provincial flaw in his book." Dr. Todd's death caused a widespread feeling of regret among all classes of public and literary men in Canada, and it was recognized in the keenest sense that the Dominion had suffered a distinct loss. ALEXANDER MILTOX ROSS, M.D., T' ronto, Ont. THE age of chivalry has long since passed away ; the lorig perspective of succeeding centuries has softened the laigged features of that period, barbarous and mercenary in its prosaic reality, and we are apt to IjehoKi it dimly, enshrouded in the romantic mists of legend and tradition, the age of graceful gal- lantry and knightly devotion. Our own age is one governed by underlying motives, that, while not less base, are the more flagrant that we can boast of a moral revelation and an intellectual cultivation wholly withheld from the former. The motto of the times is ".SVn/fv uni jtent." Hence it is a pleasant task to record the deeds of one whose life comes nearer to the chival- rous standard of ideal chivalry than ever plumed knight occupied, as it has been, in a long cham- pionship of the enslaved, whether by temporal power, by humaii passions, or by the bonds of ignorance or prejudice. Such an one is Dr, Alexander Milton Ross, t(j whom the philan- thropic and scientific worlds will need no intro- duction, but for that reason, will read, with added interest, of his early struggles of which the golden fruits of his strong and nisble life are the outcome. Alexander Milton Ross, M.D., pliilanthropist, scientist and author, was liorn on December l.'kh, 1832, in Belleville, Ontario. His father, William Ross, was a grandson of Captain Alexander Ross, an officer of General Wolfe's army of invasion. Captain Ross took part in the battle on the plains of Abraham, which resulted in the defeat of the French and the conquest of all Canada. He subsequently received a grant of lands from the Crown, and settled in Prince Edward County, Upper Can- ada, where he lived until his death, which oc- curred in 1805. Captain Alexander Ross was a grandson of Alexander Ross, laird of Balnag own, Ross-shire, Scotland, who descended in a direct line from Hugh Ross, of Rariches, second son of Hugh, the sixth and last Earl of Ross, of the old family. Dr. Ross's errandmother, on his father's side, was Hannah Prudence Wil- liams, a descendant of Roger Williams (1595- 1683), the famous lilwral preacher and apostle of freedom, of Rhode Island. His mother, Frederika Grant, was the youngest daughter of John Grant of the British army, who died of wounds received at Niagara, in the war of 1812- 1814. His maternal grandmother was Mary Jenks, a daughter of Joseph Jenks, colonial governor of Rhode Island. Governor Jenks has left a famous recoid of public services. He was speaker of the House of Representatives of Rhode Island from Oct., 1698, to 1708 ; deputy governor from ^lay, 1715, to May, 1727 ; governor from 3Iay, 1727, to May, 1732. He was a staunch and persistent friend and advocate of political and religious liberty. In his boyhowl. Dr. Ross made his way to New York city, and, aftei- sti'uggling with many adversities, becan>e a compositor in the office of the EvniiKj Poxf, then edited and owned by William Cullen Bryant, the poet. Mr. Bryant became nuich intei-ested in young Ross, and ever aft<'r i-emained his steadfast friend. It was during this peiiod that he be- came acquainted with (Jeneral (iaribaldi, who at that time was a resident of New York, and employed in making candles. This ac(juaiiit- ance soon lipened into a warm friendship, which continued unbroken down to (iaiibaldis death in 1882. It was thiougii Dr. R(»ss"s efforts in 1874 that (Jaribaldi obtainefl his pen- sion fi'oni the Italian government. In 1851, Dr. Ross began the study of medicine under the direction of the eminent Dr. Valentine Mott, and subsequently under Dr. Trail, the celebrated hygienic physician. After four years of unremitting toil, working as a compositor durinij the dav and studviny medicine at nihilanthropist and ]>oet, \\'hit- tier, who was secretary of the convention, in 1 S."?.}, which formed the American Anti-Slavery Society, in the tc>llowin(^ of humanity. How very satisfactory it must be to thee to know that the j)(M)r people whom, like another Moses, thee led'st out of Ijondaye, have proved so well worthy of their freedom, (iod bless thee and thine."' " For his steadfast strength and courage In a dark and evil time, Whin the Golden Rule was treason, And to feed the hungry, crime. " For the poor slave's hope and refuge, When the hound was on liis track, And saint and sinner, state and church, •loined hands to send him back. " Blessings upon him I — What he did For each sad, suffering one, ('liaiocd, hunted, scourged and bleeding, Unto our Lord was done.". The sincere radical abcjlitionists, with whom Dr. Ross was labouring;', were despised, hated and ostracised by the rich, the powerful and the so-called higher classes ; but Dr. Ross al- ways possessed the courage of his opinions and pi'efers the appro\al of his own conscience to the smiles or favours of men. During the Southern rebellion he was employed by Presi- dent Lincoln as confidential corresjMUident in Canada, antl rendei'ed \ery important services to the United States government. For this he received the special thanks of President Lin- coln and Secretary Seward. When the war ended, with the downfall of the Confederacy, Dr. Rrss oftered his services to Picsident Jau- rez, of Mexico, and received the appointment of surgeon in the Republican army. The cap- ture of Maximillian, and the speedy overthrow of the Empire, rendered Dr. Ross's services un- necessary, and he returned to Canada and to the congenial and more peaceful pursuits of a natuialist. The object of his ambition now was to collect and classify the t'auna and flora of his iiative country, a labour never before at- tempted by a Canadian. He has collected and classified five huiub'ed and seventy sjwcies of liirds that regularly or occasionally visit the Dominion of Canada; two hundred and forty species of eggs of birds that brees of Canadian fauna antl flora.'" He is author of "Birds of Canada" (1S72), "Butterflies and Moths of Canada'" (1873), "Flora of Canada" (1873), "Forest Trees of Canada"" (1874). " Mannnals, R«>ptiles, and Fresh watei- Fishes of Canada"' (L'^78), "Recollections of an Abo- litionist" (1867), " Ferns and Wild Fh.wers of Canada" (1877), "Friendly Words to Roys and Young Men" (1884), " Vaccination, a ]NIedical Delusion" (188')), and "Natural Diet of Man" (1886). He received the degrees of M.D. (1855), and M.A. (1867) ; and was knighted by the Emperor of Russia (1876), King of Italy (1876), King of Greece (1876). King of Portu- gal(1877). King of Saxony (1876), and received the Medal of Merit from the Sliah (»f Persia (1884), the decoration of honour from the Khe- dive of Egypt (1884), and the decoration of Academie Francaise from the Government of France (1879). He was offered (and declined) the title of Raron by the King of Bavaria, in recognition of his lalxjuis as a naturalist, and was appointed consul to Canada by the King of Belgium and the King of Denmark. Dr. Ross was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Liteiature, and the Linnean and Zoological Societies of Enyhind : the Roval Societies of Antiquaries of Denmark and Greece ; the Im- pei'ial Society of Naturalists of Russia ; the Luperial Botanical and Zoological Society of Austria : the Royal Academy of Science, «if Palermo, Italy ; a mend)erof the Entomological Societies of Russia, (Jermany, Italy. Fiance, Switzerland, Belgium, Bxihemia jind AVurtem- burg ; member itf the Hygienic Societies of France, Gernumy and Switzerland ; honorary meud)er of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, and mend)er of the Eui'opean Congress of Ornithology. For several years past Dr. ]{')ss has laboured with his charactei'istic zeal and energy in ijehalf of moral and physical reform. He founded, in 1880, the Canadian Society for the Diffusion of Physit)logical Knowletlge, and enlisted the sympathy and active support of the Archbishop of Canterbury, Earl Shaftesbury, the Archbishop of Toi-onto, and two humbr-d and forty clergymen of difterent denominatioa.s, and three hundred Canadian school-teachers in the work of distributing his tracts on "The ALEXANDER MILTON ROSS. M.D., Toronto, Ont. T 402 PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. Evils Arisiiiii from Unphysiolo<.'ical Habits in Youtli." Over (iic luilliou copies of these tiiii'ts were distributed aiiionji the youth of IJiitaiu and Can.ula, and called forth thousands of letters expressing irratitudefioni parents and friends of the y< unj^, I>r. IJoss is one of the founders of the St. Louis Hyj thus sj)oke of Dr. lioss : " Xo, friend Ross 1 thou art not old ; A heart so true, so kind, so bold, As in thy bosom tlirobs to-day, Xever ! never I will decay. " Some I know, but half thy years. Are <|uite deaf to all that cheers : Tliey are dumb when tliey should speak. And blind to all the poor and weak. " Tliere are none I know, in sooth. Who part so slowly with their youth, As men like tliee, who take deliglit In helping others to live right." Wiien Dr. Ross had attained his fiftieth birth- day he was the recipient of n»any tokens of regard and congratuhitions from fiiends and co-workers. From the poet Whittier the fol- lowing : " Dkar Frien'ii, — Thy fifty years have not been idle ones, but filled with good works ; I hope another half century may be added to them."' From Wendell Phillips : " Mv Dkau Ross, — Measured by the good you have done in your fifty years, you have already lived a cen- tury." Fiom Harriet Beecher >Stowe : " Dear Dr. Ross, — As you look back over your fifty years, what a comfort to you must be the reHection that you have saved so many from the horrors of slavery. '' During the small-pox epidemic in Montreal in llSS-"), Dr. lioss was a prominent opponent of vaccination, declaring that it was not only use- less as a preventative of small pox, but that it propagated ihe disease when practised during the existence of an epidemic. In jilace of vac- cination, he strongly advocates the strict enforce- ment of sanitation and isolation. He main- tains that personal and municij)al cleanliness is the only scientific safeguard against zymotic diseases. When the authorities attempted to enforce vaccination by tines and imprisonment, Di'. Ross organised the Anti-Compulsoiy Vac- cination League, and successfully resisted what he considered an outr.age on human rights. Dr. Ross is a radical reformer in religion, medicine, pjlitics, sociology and dietetics, and a total ab- stainer from intoxicants and tobacco. He is a gradu.ate of the allopathic, hygienic, Imh'o- pathic, eclectic, and iM)tanic systems of medi- cine, and a niemlier of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of the pi-ovinces of Quebec, On- tario and Manitoba. He is a member of the International Medical Congress, the Anti-Sla- very Societies of England and Fran< (\ presi- dent of the Foerty League of Canada, aiul vice-pi-esi- dent of the National Liberty League of the United States. Dr. Ross's stout, {xtwerful frame ; earnest, keen blue eyes ; firmly ch)sed lips ; measured, firm and steady step : prominent ami broad brow, mark thf man of earnest purpose and iron will ; self-contained and self-secure. Dr. Ross has no fondness for social, religious or political gatherings ; frcmi these he holds himself ah)of and apart ; he is not a church member, but he is an eainest, practical chris- tian. He remembers "those in bonds as bound with them." His sympathy for the o})pressed of all climes and conditions is as boundless as the impulses of his generous heart. His love for freedom ami justice extends all along the line, and touches all subjects and conditions. He is so thonaighly sincere, honest, consistent, conscientious and unselfish that most men can- not understand him- hence he is often misun- derstood and misrepresented. FREDERICK W. FEARMAN, HamUton, Out. LMIEDERTCK W. FEARMAN, the subject J. of this sketch, is an Eiiiilishman bv birth, having been bin'n in Norfolk county, England, in 182-5, but both by adoption and in sentiment he is thoioughly Canadian. His parents were AVilHam Fearman iuid his wife Maria, whose maiden name was Calver. In 18."?."}, nearly sixty years ago, the family left their native land for Canada, and the record of their jour- ney affords a striking contrast between the travelling facilities of then and nt)V,-. Si.x weeks were consumed in crossing the ocean to New York, and the remainder of the trip to Oswego via the Eiie canal, thence l)y schooner to Poit Dalhousie, finally, by waggon to Hamil- ton, occupied one week more. Tlsere were no "Ocean Greyhounds" then, no sixty-miles-an- liour railway trains, by means of which such a journey as the one described can now be accom- plished in about one-eighth of the time recjuired foi- it sixty years since. Hamilton was but a small place then, being oidy in its infancy, but FREDERICK W. FEARMAN, Hamilton, Ont. 464 PROMIXENT MEN OF CANADA. I it otlcicd sutlitifiit iiiduet'inentsfor the Feannaii tJiinily to st'ttlc there, tiiul they did so. They were of ;;n of ime of the lareen for years past -it is second to none in Canada. Fn June, 188"), tire broke out in Mr. Fearmans packing-house, by which, largely owing to the absence of the firemen at a pic-nic at Hunduru Pai'k. he suffered a clear loss of s:.'2,000 ; yet this did not interfere with the business to any serious extent. But it is not alone in a business capacity that Mr. Fearman has distinguished himself in the city of his adoiition. In all good works, in everything that tends to promote the welfare of the cresent is a dii'ector and chairman of the building connnit tee of the public libraiy. Mr. Fearman, though not a great tia\eller-. lias made se\eral lengthy trips. In 1S7(' he \isited his natise land, from which he had b«'en absent tliirty-se\en years. In ISSC) he made a tour through the southern and western states, visiting New Mexico, Kansas. Illinois. Missouri, Califoinia, I'tah, < )regon. Ida- ho, Washington Territory and British Columbia. In lonnection with this trijt, Mr. Fearman, who is possessed of literary abilities of no mean order, wrote a series of %ery iiiteresting and instructive letters, which were published in the Hamilton S/in-fx/ur. He also visited Cuba and the West India Tsland.s in 1887. Tn the wiriter of 1801 he was among the Canadians who attended the .Jamaica Exhibition, and wr.s one of the i)rincipal exhibitors, in every case carry- ing ofT first prizes and gold medals, and gi%'inL.' great satisfaction to the jx-ople of .Jamaica, Turks Island and the Bermudas. In connec- tion with secret societies, Mr. Fearmans experi- ence has extended oidy to the 3lasonic < )rder, of which he has been a member for several years : but he has long been in the front ranks of the St. (ieorges Benevolent Society, and takes a lively interest in the afJ'airs of the Wentworth Historical Society, and of the Hamilton Association, the objects of both of which are of the most laudable charactei-. In politics, he was a Reformer until 1S7S, when he, with thousands of others like him, joined with tlie Liberal-Conservative party on the (juestioii of protection to home industry and " keejnng Canada for the Canadians." a line of jmiHcv concerning which he has ne\er since found reason to change his o])inion. In religion, he is a devoted adherent of the INJethodist faith, and has held various offices on the boaids of the Wesley and Centenary churches, with the latter of whicli he is now connected. ( )n December ITith, 18.")1, he married Elizabeth, daughter of tlie late Robert Holbrook, an old Trafalgar hero, who died in Hamilton a fev years ago. Mr. Holbrook was born at Jhook- lyn. New York, in 171*6, and at the age of ten years entered the British navy, and fought under Sir Hyde Parker at Copenhagen, and under Nelson at Trafalgar. He settled in Hamilton in 1844, and during his later years he lived with his .son-in-law (Mr. Fearman) and I J. rROMixExr MEx or caxada. 4r)5 t'aiiiily. As issue ot' his marriage, Mr. Feanuan lias se\en suns, all wni-thy scions nf a woTtliv sire. Four of them Chester, H«)l»ert, Harry and Frank — are partners in the business ; William J. is in the otHceof the Hamilton (Jas Conipanv, (ieorge is in tiie wholesale grocery of Messrs. Luca.s, Park it Ct»., and Edwai-d, the youngest, is attending U|>|>er Canada College. Although well uj) in years, Mi-. Fearnian is still hearty and vigorous, and bids fair to li\e many years longer in the respect and esteem of all who know him. HON. EDWARD liLAKE. Q.C., M.P., Toronto, Out. HON. EDWARD BLAKE, g.C, M.P. for South Longford, Ireland, was iMtrn at what was then called Bear Creek, since known as Katesville, Cairnginni and Mount Hope, in Middlesex county, l'j>per Canada, on the l.'Uh Octuljer, l«3;i. His lineage is that of the Irish gentry class, the family being the famous Blakes of Galway, known l)oth in history and romance. The fatlier of the Hon. Edsvard was Hon. ^"il- liaiii Hume Blake, son of Re\. Dominick Edward JMakf, incumbent of the Church of England at Kiltegan who was .shot by the rebels in 17itS, and Anne Margaret, daughter of William Hume, who represented Wicklow in the Irish Parliament. William Hume Blake came to Canada with his young wife, who was also a member of the Hume family, in liS;^2, and settled in the county of Middlesex, then a wilderness. A year later the subject of this sketch was l»orn. He was christened Dominick Edward after his grandfather and liis uncle, Re\ . Dominick Edward Blake, for s(.me time rector of Thornhill, near Toronto. The name Dominick was retained in youth, and by the name Dominick Edward Blake the future leader of Liberalism in Canada is recorded on the roll of honour in Upper Canada College. The first name was dropped before Mr. Blake attained manhoixl, and there are comparatively few who are aware that he bears the full family name. When Edwaid Blake was but a few months old, his father, finding that the life of ji pioneer was one for which his training and abilities wholly unsuited him, removed with his family to Toronto and entered upon the study of law. The history of Canada shows that he ro.se to high eminence, both in his profession and in his public life, and that his life was a devoted and most useful one. AVlieii he died he occu- jiied the position of Chancellor of the Province, presiding over a court which he himself, as a legislator, had been the principal means of bringing into existence. His name is honoured by all Canadians, but especially by hi.s gifted sons, whose pride of family show.s strongest in the reverence they have always paid to the memory of their father. Edward Blake's edu- cation was begun under iiis cultured father's directions, and thus the youth had the very l)est oj>poi tunities of storing and disciplining his mind. On Sunday evening it was the wont of the father to cau.se his sons t<» read aloud to him from the scrijitures and the sacred po<*ts. In this way Edward, at an early age. ac.h watchful m.asters say will endure. His memory was remarkable, Imt, partly perhaps fpethathe would even eclipse his father in his services to the cause of Reform in Canada, and he was often impor- tuned to enter parliament Feeling that he must first make such a place for himself in his profession that the future of his fauiily would be assured, he declined to consider those pro- posals until the era of Confederation began. This was in the days of dual representation, and as his services were retpiired lx)th in the Pro\ ince and in the Dominion, lie was elected to tlie Commons for West Durham and to the local Legislature for South Bruce He was offered the leadership but declined it, but in 186!) the importunities of his friend.s, including Hon. Archibald McKellar, the leader of that time, became so great that he agreed to accept the position of responsibility. Tiie Reform party was then in Opposition, the Government being led by Hon. John SandKeld ^[acdonald, an old Reformer, the majority of whose supporters were Conservatives. Mr. Blake marshalled his forces with consummate skill and made tiie most forcible use of his own great powers as an orator. In the elections of 1871 the Sand- field Macdonald Government was defeated. At that time, however, the government contended that the result of the polling was in donl»t, a?i(l it was not till the meeting of the legislature and after a most brilliant and exciting debate that the vote of the people's representatives com- [Mjlled the retirement of the aduiinistratittn. Mr. Blake was called upon to form a govern- ment, antl succeeded in doing so. He himself t(Mtk the office of president of the council, with- out .salary. Shortly after the prorogation of parliament, the condition of his health made it necessary foi- him to go to Europe. Dual representation was meanwhile alMUx.shed, and when he retuined he resigned the premienship f)f the province, antl was succeeded by Hon. (now Sir) Oliver Mowat, who has ever since held the reins sition of Chief Justice, which he de- clined. Shortly after the downfall of the Alackenzie Government in 1878, Mr. Blake was chosen leader of the Libei-al party in place of Mackenzie, whose health had been inipaireil by the iieavy toil he liad un.lergone while in <»tfice. He remained leauer of his party until after the electicm of 18' that time been made. In the election of Ministers after the iosun>i>tion of office by Mr. (iladstone, the only seiious contest was that in Newcastle, where the Right Honourable John Morley sttwd for re-election as Chief Secretary for Ireland. In that contest both piirties concentrated their strongest forces, and among the distinguished men who were called upon to .speak, none was more carefully listei>ed to or more loudly prais- ed than the Canadian orator, Edwaid Blake. He retuiiied to Canada in the summer to rest and arrange some private business. He was given a monster recej)tion in Toronto, and was the means of starting a popular subscription to provide funds for the woik of the Irish Parlia- mentary party, which met with great success. Before returning to England in November, he made a brief stay in Boston, by the invitation of the Home Ruleis of that city, and made a speech at a meeting, which, notwithstanding that the .second Cleveland-Harrison presiden- tial contest was at its height, was attended by a vast audience. CAPTAIN JAMES MURRAY, if. ^HE name of Captain James Murray is one -L which for many years has been well and favourably known, not only in St. Catharines, where he resides, but in various other parts <»f the Dominion. Mr. Murray comes of an old and stuitly Scottish family, and his successful career in this countiy well e.xemplities the char- acteristics of his lace. He was boin in Argyle- shire. May ll'th, \^'.V2, his parents being John and Margaret (Campbell) Murray. On both sides he is descended from people of high i-eputi' in his native land. The Murrays were sul>stan- tial farmers in Perthshire and Argyleshiiv, while his mother was a descendant of the famous Campl)ell.s, of Argyle, well known to readers of Scottish history. The biancli (»f the family to which Mis. Murray belonged had for centuries inhabited the part of the country in whii-h she was born. In IS.'JT, when James was but a child, John ^Murray emigrated with his family to Canada, and settled in the townshij) of King, York county, where he had purchased a tract piiiorn and brought uj) .i Piesbyterian. He is attached to the congregation of Knox chuich. St. Catharines, of which he is a lil)eial sup- porter, fn 1856, he marrieeen conferred on only a few in Canada. Personally, he is one of the most genial and kindly of men. Among his acquaintances he numljei-s thousands of warm friends, and he possesses the respect and esteem of all. HON. JOHN G. HAGGART, P.C, M.P., Ottan-a, Ont. HON. JOHN GRAHAM HAGGART, P.C, M.P., Minister or Railways and Canals, was l)oiai in Perth, Ontario, on the 1 4th of November, 1836. He is of Scottish parentage, his father l)eing Mr. John Haggart, formei-ly of Breadalbane, Perthshire, Scotland, and his mother a member of the Graham family, and a native of the Isle of Skye. Mr. Haggart in- herits the tine physirtune. He chose a mer- cantile career and prospered well, liecoming the owner of large mills and heavily interested in lumbering, which is one of the principal indus- tries of the great Ottawa region. He had a strong leaning toward public life, and his great popularity among those with whom he came in contact assured him of success in appealing for the suffrages of the people. As a very young man, he entered the town council of Perth, and i)efore he was thirty yerrs of age had served several terms as Mc.yor of that thriving nmnici- pality. It was in 1867, the year of Cimfedera- tion, that he first sought the honour of public; favour in a wide Meld. He was nominated by the Conservatives of his native riding, South Lanark, as »^heir candidate f<»r the local Legis- lature. In those days Eastern Ontario was much more inclined to favour the Liberals than HI-#> M/r-u HON. JOHN GRAHAM HAGGART, P.C, M.P., Ottawa, Ont. PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. it is to-clay, and the result of the contest was the defeat of the ambitious young politician. The closing of this path to prominence and fame, however, only opened one more promising still, and one in whioh he has fully justified the prophecies and expectations of h'.s friends. He was nominated for the House of Commons in 1872, and was successful. He Ihas been re- elected on every occasion since then, when it has been his duty to submit his record for the approval of the people He thus claims a longer term of continuous service as the representative of one constituency than almost any other member of the House. At lirst the fighting in tiie constituency was hard, and the results by no means certain ; but of late years Mr. Haggart's popularity, and his increasing pro- minence in the councils of the Dominion, have overborne all opposition, and there are none now who think of seriously opposing his election. Mr. Haggart's career as a public man is identi- fied with Dominion affairs, and is almost co- extensive in point of time with the history of the Dominion itself. From his earliest appear- ance in the House it wjis recognized that he was on the high i't)af Postmaster- General. For this position he was eminently qualified by his long business training, and by his splendid faculty for organization. The Postmaster Generalship had been too much used as a mere half-way house in governmental politics, a place to which to retire those mem- bers of the cabinet who could not well l)e dropped, but for whom no other provision could well be made at the time. The result <»f this policy had been a sort of bureaucracy among the permanent employes under a policy •Governed by precedent and tradition and not by the actual requirements of the people. No sweeping changes were necesssiry, but the tightening of all parts of the machine which was effected under Mr. Haggart's administration effected a wonderful improvement for the l)enefit of the public. On the death of Sir John Mac- donald, Hon. (now Sir) John Caldwell Abl)ott. who was called upon to a.ssume the lead, re- (juested 3Ir. Haggart to continue in office, pend- ing changes which were necessary, and which had been definitely pnimised. When the re- organization took place in January, 1892, Mr. Haggart was promoted to the responsible posi- tion, which he now holds, that of Minister of Railways and Canals. The duties he a.ssumed were of the most onerous character. For years the unfortunate financial po.'^ition of the Inter- colonial Railway, which is owned and managed by the Government, had furnished the Opposi- tion with some of the very strongest reasons for adverse criticism. The political system of ap- pointment, together with (jther evils, had so far taken possession of the management that a huge deficit every year was made inevitable. How to so curtail expenses and swell the receipts that the road would cease to be a burden upon the people, was the question Mr. Haggart took hold of the proV)lem with characteristic vigor. His plan of reorganization was drastic, complete. The results of his policy are only now beginning to show themselves, l)ut they give every hoi>t' that at last the Dominion has found a man who can stem the tide of waste that has lieen in progre.ss for years. Holding as he does the chief cabinet position held by any representa- tive of Ontario, Mr. Haggart l)ecomes the re- cognized leader of the Ontario wing of his party. This honour is his by right, for undoubtedly he Ijest combines those qualities of forcefulness and popularity which are necessary in a leader. His fellow members have perfect confidence in him, and his splendid success in the campaigns he has fought, .as well as the hjyalty he has shown to his friends in every way, are war- ranties that that confidence is not misplaced As a speakei", Mr. Haggsirt is most effective in popular addresses. On the platform and l)efore a great audience the man's force of character makes itself felt so that the people are driven rather than drawn over to his side. He has few of the graces of the orator, and thus in the House he suffers by comparison with men who have not one-tithe of his real ability. Never- theless he is one of the foremost debaters in Parliament, and never fails to delight his friends or to make his opponents wince by his invective. T i PROMINENT MEN OF CANADA. 473 4- WILLIAM C. VAX HORNE. Montreal, (^n-. YyiLLIAM C. VAN HOHNE, President c.f TT the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, is a native of Will County, Illinois, where he was horn in February, 184."i. His career is one of the most remarkable set forth in the rail- way annals of the world. The history of Can- ada is the record of a stru^jzle for a yiand idea, the retention in tl»e northern half of the Ameri- can continent of tliose institutions which have made Britain the home of freedom and the mis- tress of the world. In that struggle no single element has played a greater part than has the railway. All through the changes in the his- tory of the British North American Provinces, can be seen the belief on the part of the people that with cheap and ready means of transpor- tation from one community- to the other, there might be made a nation so strong, so homo- geneous, that it could maintain its individuality even in competition with a country having the advantage of a century's start in the race. Before the era of the railway, this faith of the people manifested itself in the effort to make the great St. Lawrence a complete highway. Since the locomotive l)ecame the chief factor in connnerce and one of the greatest factors in national development, there has proceeded such a building of railways from east to west and from west to east as no other four or five mil- lions of peojjle have ever carried on. The completion of the political work of confedera- tion by the annexation of the Noith-West and British Columbia left the ground ready for the social and economic work of nation-building, and it was the universal feeling that the first great step was the construction of a through railway, national in its character and represen- tative of the most advanced methods in every detail, (iireat as had been the works of former times, they were more or less of the nature of patch-work. The feeling that the union of two or three or four provinces was not the whole work to be done, prevented public works looking to union being undertaken with due I'egard for the great future. But when the Dominion had taken in all those who represented the British idea, when the m?ghty Atlantic on the one side and the still greater Pacific on the other left the people to feel that there were no more worlds for diplomacy to conquer, the work of constructing the fabric of nationhood was taken up, with due regard to its true scope and impor- tance. The time called for a man such as was not then known to exist, a man possessed of resources beyond the knowledge of even those Vjy whom the task was to be set, a man of many-sided character and complete on every side. It is only necessary to point to the Canadian Pacific Rail- UIIH way of tC'tlay, and to the work it has accom- plished, to prove that the highest hopes of the most enthusiastic optimists have been realized in the choice of the man to whom principally the task was assigned. Mr. Van Home is of Dutch stock. His ancestors were among the earliest of those who laid the foundations of the great metropolis of New York and started it upon its successful careei- as the commercial cen- tre of the new world, and whose race is to-ii lit' general .superintendent of the t'liicago and Alton. He received ,1 most ad- vantageous offer I'roni tlie Chicago, Milwaukee and 8t. Paul Railroad to take the [xtsition of general su})erinteiKient, and in January, ISSO, he entered that tonipany's service, resigning his other connections. Here he remained for two years, when the call to Canada and to his true career readied him. Since January, 1)^S2, Mr. Van Homes history has Ijeen that of the Canadian Pacific Railway, and it may almost be said that the history of the Canadian Pacitic has been tiiat of Canada. Peace h.ith her victories no less renowned than war, the p»et tells u.s, but, while the achievements of war, even to the minute details, are chronicled in the rec(jrds of the time and handed down to pos terity as part of the nations history, many of the greatest feats in the vast arena of connnerce are left unknown and unrecorded. The fact that the Canadian Pacitic has been built and made successful is the one great fact that is kiiown, but what ditticulties have l)een over- come in the couise of this ti'iumphal piogre.ss who, outside the innermost '.ncle, shall say? Men not prone to Ik- faint-hearted declared the engineering ditiiculties insuperable, the financial proidems uusislvable, the organizing work impracticable. Those lions in the path ha\e been killed of chased away, and it is no slight thing to any Canadian who has any pride of country to hear it said by outsiders, as many of those Ijest able to judge have said, that the Canadian Pacific is the greatest railw- y in ex- istence to-day. Nor is it a small matter to notice that the enterjirise is growing, advancing, improving, and that what \."as deemed oidy a Canadian enterprise but a ft'W years ago is now recognized as an institution literally embracing the world. To the indomitable energy and ver- satile genius of Mr. Van Home is the result, as it stands, mainly due. The fame he has won is like that of Wellington or Abram Lincoln, in that all sorts of stories about whomevc they may have l)een first relat«'d, are now made todo est use by completing e<|uipment and establishing connections which bring the trade, not only of the continent but of the woild, to the Canadian Pacific system. Mr. Van Home was tii-st engaged as general nian- agei'. Two years later he was made vice-presi- ilent. At the general meeting held in Septem- ber, 1888, he was electeei(leen, on Novembei- 10th, 18."i7, and is the son of James Scarth and Jane (Jeddes, of Stromness. His education, which was received at Al)erdeen and afterwards at Edinbui'gh, was as sound and thorough as the Scotti.sh schools aner of the Conservative party, and before he had been a great while in the city he was elected president of the Conservative As.sociation of tVntre Toronto. For two years he represented r PRO}fINEXT MSN OF CANADA. Ht. James's Wanl in the City Council, ami ha\ ing always taken a stroiij/ interpst in educa- tional matters, he wsus repeatese future he had the stnmgest lx?lief. In 1SS4 he tof>k uj) his resi- dence in the capital of the ])rairie province, where he Iwcanu' manager of the Canadian Noitli-We.st Lrfind C.onipany, and secretary and directoi- of the North British-Canadian Invest- ment Co. He at once showed his V)elief in the future of the ])l-+ce hy investing, though not in- judiciously. He early came to the front and was s(Mm regardelitical affairs, though his interest has not diminished. Mr. Scarth is a Presbyterian in religion. In 1S69, he married Jessie Stewart Franklin, daughter of the late Dr. John Macau- lay Hamilton, R. N., a native of Stronniess, Orkney, an