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 6 
 
Encouragement 
 
 TO 
 
 COLONIES. 
 
 By 
 
 Sir William Alexander, 
 
 Knight. 
 
 Alter erit turn Tipliis, ^ altera quce vehat Argo 
 delectos Heroas 
 
 London 
 Printed by William Stansby. 
 1624. 
 
i 
 
T 
 
 TO THE MOST 
 
 EXCELLENT 
 
 PRINCE. 
 
 
 Hough you have graced 
 the Labours of some {as 
 much admired for your 
 courtesie as they for their 
 indiscretion) who might 
 haue beene condemned for 
 presuming to importune 
 you for their Patron ; yet 
 it would seem a prophanation of greatnesse 
 to place your name vpon the Frontispice of 
 euery vulgar Paper, but as no Worke hath 
 more need of your countenance, then the En- 
 couraging of Colonies ; So it would appeare 
 to me (I know not suspecting my own partiali- 
 tie, whither seduced by Desire, or warranted by 
 Beason) that there is no ground whereupon your 
 
 A2 
 
 COUfl' 
 
The Epistle 
 
 countenance may shine with a more publike ap- 
 plause. This is the way {making the Gospell of 
 lesus Christ knowne in vnknowne parts) by sup- 
 jdying the necessities of many, with a lawjiill in- 
 crease of necessary commerce, to procure glorie 
 vnto God, honour to your selfe, and benefit to the 
 World; By this mcanes, you that are borne to 
 rule Nations, may bee the beginner of Nations, 
 enlarging this Motiarchie without bloud, and ma- 
 king a Conquest without wronging of others, 
 whereof in regard of your youth any good begin- 
 7iing in this {like your vertue vpon which it doth 
 depend) boding a speedie Progresse Time in your 
 own time, doth promise a great perfection. The glo- 
 ry of greatness {that it may haue a harmonic with 
 goodnesse) consisting more in raysing then in rui- 
 ning of others, it is a farre better course to pur- 
 chase fame by the Plantation of a tiew World, 
 nor as many Princes haue done by the desolation 
 of this. And since your Royall Father during 
 whose happie raigne, these seeds of Scepters haue 
 beene first from hence sowne in America, by his 
 gracious fauour farre aboue any merit of mine, 
 hath emboldened mee the meanest of many thou- 
 sands of his subiects to attempt so great an Enter- 
 prize, as to lay the foundation of a Worke that 
 may so much import the good of that ancient 
 
 King- 
 
I 
 
 D 
 
 EDICATORIE. 
 
 Kingdome, where so many of your Ancestors 
 loere buried, and where your selues ivere borne. 
 I haue both by reading what doth rest vpon Re- 
 cord, and by conferring with sundry that haue 
 beene imbarked in such a businesse, beene curious 
 to remarke the managing thereof, that the ex- 
 perience of times past might with the lesse dan- 
 ger at the charges of others, improue them that 
 are to practize at this present. And the fruits of 
 my Labours I doe humhly offer heere vnto your 
 Highnesse, hoping by the commendable endeuours, 
 therein remembred (though it selfe be but a tri- 
 uiall Treatise, not worthy your sight) to conci- 
 liate your good opinion towards them that are to 
 aduenture in this kind. Amongst whom {if euer 
 my fortunes haue any conformitie with my mind) 
 I purpjose to contribute as much as my iveake abi- 
 lities can be able to affbord for accomplishing 
 this braue Designe, wherein my greatest Ambi- 
 tion shall be that both this Age and the Posteri- 
 tie may know how much I desire by some obserua- 
 ble effect to be remembred for being 
 
 Your Highnesse most humble 
 and affectionate Seruant, 
 
 \ ; 
 
 W. A. 
 
THE 
 
 M APP AND 
 
 DESCRIPTION OF 
 
 NEWEngland; 
 
 Together with 
 
 A Difcourfe of Plantation, and 
 
 COLLONIES: 
 
 ALSO 
 
 A relation of the nature of the Climate, 
 
 and how It agrees with our owne Country 
 
 ENGLAND. 
 
 How neere it Ijes to New-found-Land, Virginia, 
 
 Nona Francia, Canada, and other Parts of 
 
 the West-Indies. 
 
 Written hy 
 
 S^ William Alexander, Knight 
 
 LONDON, 
 
 Printed for Nathaniel Bvtter. 
 
 An. Dom. 1630. 
 
s 
 
 « 
 
\ I 
 
T 
 
 
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 A letirs iiandj:'': 
 
 axxAy He 
 
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 K?i 
 
 5"^ 
 
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 5*0 
 
 149 
 
 48 
 
 47 
 
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 44 
 
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 •42 
 
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 39 
 
 f38 
 
•ill 
 
 % 
 
T. • 
 
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 AN 
 
 ENCOVRAGEMENT 
 
 • • ■ ' . '"' 
 
 TO COLONIES. 
 
 '**. 
 
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 u* 
 
 • tl«' 
 
 
 J- 
 
 
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 I • 
 
 He fending forth of Colonies 
 (feeming a nouelty) is efteem- 
 ed now to bee a ftrange thing, 
 as not onely being aboue the 
 courage of common men, but 
 altogether alienated from their 
 knowledge, which is no won- 
 der, fmce that courfe though 
 both ancient, and vfuall, hath 
 beene by the intermiffion of fo 
 many ages difcontinued, yea was 'impofsible to be prac- 
 tifed fo long as there was no vaft ground, howfoeuer 
 men had beene willing, whereupon Plantations might 
 haue beene made,- yet there is none who will doubt but 
 that the world in her infancy, and innocency, was firft peo- 
 pled after this manner. 
 
 The next generations fucceeding Shem planted in Asia, 
 Lhams m Africke, and laphets in Europe: Abraham and 
 Lot were Captaines of Colonies, the Land then being as 
 tree as the Seas are now, fmce they parted them in euery 
 part where they paffed, not taking notice of natiues with- 
 
 S out 
 
2 An encouragement 
 
 out impediment. That memorable troope of lewes which 
 Moses led from ^^j/pt to Canaan was a kind of Colonie 
 though mira:aloufly conduced by God, who intended 
 tliereby to aduance his Church and to deftroy the rejedled 
 ^thnikes Sahnanezer King of J^/mr was remarkedfor the 
 7n d»d violate the naturall ingenuitie of this com- 
 mendable kind of policy by too politike an intention ; for 
 haumg tranfported the ten Tribes of I/rael, to the end that 
 tranfplantmg and difperfing them, hee might either wea- 
 ken their ftrength, or abolifli their memorie by incorpora- 
 tmg of them with his other Subjeas; he to preuent the 
 dangers incident amongft remote vaffals did fend a Colo- 
 nic to mhabite Samaria of a purpofe thereby to fecure his 
 late and queftionable conqueft. 
 
 Who can imagine by this induftrious courfe of Planta- 
 tions, wliat an vnexpeaed progreffe from a defpifed be- 
 ginning hath beene fuddenlymade to the height of great- 
 neffe ! Hie Phoenicians quickly founded Sidon, and Tims, 
 fo much renowned both by iWed, and humane writers 
 and a few lirians budded Carthage, which had firft no 
 more ground allowed her than could be compaffed by the 
 extended dimenlions of a Bulls hide, which for acquiring 
 ot the more ground they diuided in as many fundrie parts 
 as was pofsible, yet in end that Town became the Miftreffe 
 ot 4/nM and the riuall of Rome: and Rome it felfe that 
 great Ladie of the World, and terrour to all Nations, am- 
 bitioufly claymmg for her firft founders a few fcandali- 
 zed tugitiues that fled from the ruines of Troy, did rife from 
 Imall appearances to that exorbitancy of power, which 
 at this day is remembred with admiration; Though the 
 walls ot It at that time were very lowe when the one bro- 
 ther did kil the other for jumping ouer them, either iea- 
 louhe already preuayUng aboue naturall affeaion, or elfe 
 vnaduiled anger conftrucaing that which might haue been 
 calually or carelefly done, in a finiftrous fenfe to the hate- 
 tuli behauiour of infolency or fcorne ; Their number then 
 was not only very fmall, but they wanted women, with- 
 out 
 
 •f^ 
 
 
 .. 
 
to Colonies. 3 
 
 out which they could not encreafe, nor fubfift, till thoy ra- 
 uiflied the daughters of the Sabins, by a violent match at 
 firft, j)ortending their future rapins, and what a furious 
 off-fpring they were likely to engender. And when that 
 haughty Citie beganne to fufFer the raiferies which Ihe had 
 fo long beene accufcomed to infli6l vpon others, the vene- 
 rable Citie of Venice (keeping for fo many ages a Ipotleffe 
 reputation) was firft begunne by a few difcouraged per- 
 fons, who fleeing from the furie of the barbarous :N'ations 
 that then encroached vpon Italie, were diftrafted with feare 
 and (feeking for their fafety) did ftumble vpon a commo- 
 dious dwelling. 
 
 The Gr(Bcians were the firft, at leaft of all the Gentiles, 
 (who joynmg learning with armes) did both doe, and 
 write that which was worthie to be remembred ; and that 
 fmall parcel of ground whofe greatneffe was then only va- 
 lued by the vertue of the inhabitants, did plant Trapizonde 
 m the Eaft, and many other Cities in Asia the leffe, the 
 proteaing of whofe hbertles was the firft caufe of warre 
 between them and the Persian Monarchs ; then befides all 
 the adjacent lies they planted Siracufa in Sicile, moft part 
 oi Itahe, which made it to be called Qrcecia maior, and 
 Marseills m France. O what a ftrange alteration ! that this 
 part, which did flourifh thus, whileft it was pofTeffed by 
 vigorous fpirits, who were capable of great enterprifes, did 
 lo many braue things fliould now (the feate of bafe feruile 
 people) become the moft abjedt and contemptible part of 
 i *r -^Z^"**^"^^ belonging to the barbarous Ottomans, 
 whole mfolent laniffaries (as the Pretorian Guards did 
 with their Emperours, and Mamalukes of Egypt with their 
 boldans) prefume at this time to difpofe of the Regall 
 power, vpbrayding the miferable foUie of Chriftians, who 
 dangeroufiy embarqued in inteftine warres, though inui- 
 ted by an encountring occafion, negleft fo great, fo glo- 
 rious, and fo eafie a conqueft. o a a 
 nr'^'^j ^^^"^* comming to command a well peopled 
 World, had no vfe of Colonies, but only thereby to re- 
 
 B 2 ward 
 
T 
 
 4 An encouragement 
 
 ward fucli old deferuing Souldiers as (age and merit plea- 
 ding an immunitie from any further conftrained trauell) 
 had brauely exceeded the ordinary courfe of time appoin- 
 ted for military feruice, which ciiftome was vfed in Germa- 
 nie, France, Spaine, and Brittaine, and likewife that the 
 Townes ere6led in this fort might feme for Citadels inipo- 
 fed vpon euery conquered Prouince, whereof fome doe 
 flourilh at this day, and of others nothing doth remaine 
 but the very name onely, their mines being fo ruined, that 
 wee can hardly condefcend vpon what folitary part to be- 
 ftowe the fame of their former being. 
 
 I am loth by difputable opinions to dig vp the Tombes 
 of them that more extenuated then the duft are buried in 
 obliuion & will leaue thefe difregarded reli6ls of greatneffo 
 to continue as they are, the fcorne of pride, witnefsing the 
 power of time. Neither will I after the common cuftomo 
 of the world, ouemaluing things paft difualue the prefent, 
 but confidering ferioufly of that which is lately done in 
 Ireland, doe finde a Plantation there inferiour to none that 
 hath beene heretofore. The Babylonians hauing conque- 
 red the Israelites did tranfplant them as expofed to ruine 
 in a remote Countrey, fending others of their owne Na- 
 tion (that they might be vtterly extirpated) to inhabite Sa- 
 ria in their places. And our King hath onely diuided the 
 moft feditious families of the Irish by difperfmg them in 
 fundry parts within the Countrey, not to extinguifli, but 
 to difsipate their power, who now neither haue, nor giue 
 caufe of feare. The Romanes did build fome Townes 
 which they did plant with their owne people by all rigour 
 to curbe the Natiues next adjacent thereunto. And our 
 King hath incorporated fome of his bell Brittaines with 
 the IriJJi, planted in fundry places without power to op- 
 preffe, but onely to ciuilize them by their example. Thus 
 Ireland which heretofore was fcarcely difcouered, and on- 
 ly irritated by others, prouing to the English as the Lowe- 
 Countries did to Spaine, a meanes whereby to walle their 
 men, and their money, is now really conquered, becom- 
 
 ming 
 
 
 
 J ' 
 
! 
 
 a 
 
 to Colonies. 
 
 5 
 
 mmg a ftrength to the State, and a glorie to his MaielHes 
 gouernment, who hath in the fethng thereof excelled all 
 that was commended in any ancient Colonic. 
 
 As all firfl were encouraged to Plantations by the large- 
 nelie of the conquefts that were propofed vnto them, fea- 
 ring onely want of people, and not of land, fo in after ages 
 when all knowne parts became peopled, they were quickly 
 entangled with the other extremitie, grudging to be boun- 
 ded withm their profpedt, and jarring with their neigh- 
 bours for fmall parcels of ground, a Itrife for limits limi- 
 ting the hues of many who entring firft in controuerfie 
 vpon a point of profit though with the loffe of ten times 
 more, valuing their honour by the opinion of others be- 
 hooued to proceed as engaged for the fafety of their repu- 
 tation. Then richeffe being acquired by induftrie, and glo- 
 ne by employments, thefe two did beget auarice,and Am- 
 bition, which lodgmg m fome fubtile heads vpon a poli- 
 tike eonfideration to vnite inteftine diuifioris did transferre 
 their fplene to forrame parts, not feeking to redlifie the af- 
 fecaions, but to bufie them abroad where leaft harme was 
 feared, and moll benefit expecSed, fo that where they had 
 firlt m a peaceable fort fought for Lands onely wherewith 
 to furnifli their necefsity, which conueniency, or fufficien- 
 cy, clid eahly accommodate, now ayming at greatneffe the 
 defires of men growne infinite, made them Grangers to 
 contentment, and enemies to refl. 
 
 fhp^rH^ Nations feeking to exchange for better feates, o- 
 thers to command their neighbours, there was for miny 
 ages no fpeach but of wrongs and reuenges, conquefts anS 
 reuolts,razings and rmning of States, a continuall reuolu- 
 tion determining the periods of Time by the miferies of 
 mankind, and in regard of the populoufnefle of thefe acres 
 
 ^nA Romanes, the world could not haue fubfifted if it had 
 not beene purged of turbulent humours by letting out the 
 bloud of many thoufands, fo that warre was the fXerfall 
 Chirurgeon of thefe diftempered times : And thereafter 
 
 B3 o 
 
" 
 
 6 An encouragement 
 
 O what monftrous multitudes of people were flaine by 
 huge deluges of barbarous armies that ouerflowed Italie, 
 France and Spaine! and the Chriflians haue long beene 
 fubje6t to the like calamities wanting a commoditie 
 how they might (not wronging others) in a Chriflian 
 manner employ the people that were more chargeable 
 then neceffary at home, which was the caufe of much mif- 
 chiefe among themfelues, till at that time when Spaine 
 was flriuing with France how to part Jtalie, as Italie had 
 formerly done with Carthage how to part Spaine. Then 
 it pleafed God hauing pitie of the Chriflians who for pur- 
 
 f)ofes of fmall importance did prodigally proftitute the 
 iues of them whom hee had purchafed with fo pretious a 
 ranfome, as it were for diuerting that violent kind of vani- 
 tie, to difcouer a new world, which it would feeme in all 
 reafon fliould haue tranfported them with defignes of 
 more moment, whereby glory and profit with a guiltleffe 
 labour was to bee attayned with leffe danger whereunto 
 they are as it were inuited, and prouoked with fo many e- 
 minent aduantages palpably expofed to any cleare judge- 
 ment that I thinke (this obuious facilitie vilifying that 
 which a further difficulty might the more endeare} the 
 eafineffe of the prey hath blunted the appetite. 
 
 When Chrijlopher Columbus had in vaine propounded 
 this enterprife to diners Chriflian Princes, Ifahella of Ca- 
 Jiile againfl the opinion of her husband (though fo much 
 renowned for wit, yet not reaching this myflerie) did firfl 
 furnifh him for a Voyage, as if it were fatall that that Na- 
 tion fliould owe the greatefl part of their greatnefTe to the 
 female Sexe, And if the Spaniards would fincerely, and 
 gratefully haue beflowed the benefits whereby God did al- 
 lure them to poffefTe this Land for the planting of it with 
 Chriflians enclined to ciuilitie, and religion, it nad at this 
 day confidering the excellency of the foyle, for all the per- 
 fections that nature could affoord ; beene the mofl Angu- 
 larly accomplifhed place of the world, but it hath infortu- 
 nately fallen out farre otherwife, that the treafures that are 
 
 drawne 
 
 Jj 
 
 I 
 
 ? 
 
 

 to Colonies. 7 
 
 drawne from thence (mynes to blow vp mindes and 
 rockes to mine faith) doe prone the feed of diffention, the 
 finewes of the warre, and nurcerie of all the troubles a- 
 raongft Chriflians. 
 
 The Spaniards that were fo happie as to chance firll vp- 
 on this new World, were of all others (hauing but a vail 
 mountainous Countrey) in regard of their fcarcity of peo- 
 ple, moft vnfit for planting thereof, and could not but 
 foone haue abandoned the lame, if they had not fo quick- 
 ly encountred with the rich Mvnes of Mexico, New Spaine 
 and Peru, which were once likely to haue beene loft for 
 lacke of wood, till the way was inuented of refining Sil- 
 uer by quickfiluer, which may bee eafily done out of any 
 oare that is free from Lead, and (all the Spaniards difday- 
 ning worke as a feruile thing belowe their abilities) their 
 greateft trouble is the want of workmen ; for the Katiues 
 that are extant, furuiuing many vexations, if they become 
 ciuile out of an indulgency to hbertie, and eafe, whereun- 
 to all the Americans (liking better of a penurious life thus 
 then to haue plenty with taking paines) are naturally encli- 
 ned, that they may haue a fecure eafe warranted by an or- 
 der, doe betake themfelues to Cloifters, fo that they haue 
 no meanes to profecute thefe workes but by drawing yeer- 
 ly a great number oi Negroes from Angola, and other parts, 
 which being but an vnnaturall merchandife, are bought at 
 a deare rate, and maintayned with danger, for they once 
 of late, as I haue heard from one that was there at that 
 time defigned to murther their Mafters, by a plot which 
 Ihould haue beene put in execution vpon a Good-friday, 
 when all being exercifed at their deuotion were leaft apt to 
 apprehend fuch a wicked courfe, and it is alwaies feared 
 that to reuenge what of necefsitie they muft fuffer, and to 
 procure their libertie hating moft what they feele for the 
 prefent, and hoping for better by a change, they will joyne 
 with any ftrong enemy that lanchng there dare attempt the 
 conqueft of that Countrey. 
 
 I will not here infift in fetting downe the manner how 
 
 the 
 
 I 
 
 ■I 
 
8 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 the Spaniards made theinfclucs Maftcrs of fo many rich 
 .and pleafant Countries, but doe leaue that to their owne 
 Hiftories, though I conf'effe (hkc wiiemen) they are very 
 fparing to report the ellate of thefe parts, and doe barre all 
 Itrangers from hauing accefl'o thereunto, wiihing to enjoy 
 that which they loue in priuate, and not inconfiderateiy 
 vanting by the vanitio of praifes to procure vnto them- 
 felues the vexation that they might fuff'er by the earneft 
 purfuit of emulating riuals, but as they did brauely begin, 
 and refolutely profecute their Difcoueries in America, fo 
 hath it jultly recompenced their courage, prouing the 
 ground of all that greatneffe which at this time (not with- 
 out caufe) doth make them (as able, or willing, to conquer 
 others if not both) fj much fufpe($ted by euery jealous 
 State. And Henri/ the Seuenth the Salomon of England 
 had his judgement onely condemned for negledling that 
 good occafion which was firll offered vnto him by Colum- 
 bus, yet did he prefently feeke to repaire his errour by fen- 
 ding forth Sebajlian Chahot a Venetian who did difcouer 
 the lie of NewJ'ound-land, and this part of the Continent 
 of America now intended to bee planted by his Majeflics 
 Subje6ls vnder the name of New England, and New Scot- 
 land, fo that the fruits of his happie raigne ftill growing to 
 a greater perfe6lion aid now ripe to bee gathered by this 
 age, as he made way by the marriage of his eldefl daugh- 
 ter for vniting thefe two Nations at home, fo did hee the 
 fame hkewife by this difcouerie abroad, but the accom- 
 phlliment of both was referued for his Majeflie now raign- 
 ing, and no Prince in the world may more eafily effe6luate 
 fuch a purpofe fmce his Dominions afFoord abundance of 
 braue men fingularly valued for able bodies and a6liue fpi- 
 rits whereof the English haue already giuen good proofe 
 of their fuflSciency in forraine Plantations ; but before I 
 proceed further in that which doth concerne them I muft 
 obferue what the French haue done in this kind. 
 
 All fuch aduentrous defignes out of ignorance, or enuie 
 (either contem ned, or doubtfully cenfured) are neuer appro- 
 
 ued, 
 
 I.. 
 
 ¥ 
 
"I 
 
 to Colonies. 
 
 9 
 
 ued, nor imitated, til they be juflified by the fuccefle & then 
 many who had firll been too* diftruftfuU falhng in the other 
 extremitie of an impHcite confidence, to redeemo tlieir 
 former negledls, do precipitate tliemfehies in needleflTo 
 dangers. After that the Spaniards were knowne to pro- 
 fper, and that it was conceiued by the Voyage of Chabot 
 what a large vallneffo this new Continent was likely to 
 jjroue, Francis the firft did fnrnilh forth lohn J^errizzon a 
 Florentine, who did difcouer that part of America which 
 was firft(and moftjufllv) called New France, Vim\ now Ter- 
 ra Florida. And vpon his returne he affirming it to be (as it 
 is mdeed for all the excellencies of nature) one of the moll 
 pleafant parts of the world. This was the caufe that after a 
 long delay (dunng the fpace of two Princes whole raignes) 
 lome new Difcoueries reuiuing the memory of this, in the 
 yeero of God 1562. Charles the ninth (hauing a haughty 
 ramd, and bemg h rauillied with a defire of glorie, that he 
 was fometimes tempted by fmiftrous fuggeltions in fee- 
 kmg after it to goe vpon wrong grounds) was quickly en- 
 amoured with the eminency of fuch a Angular deiigne 
 wjierein hee did employ lohn Ribaut, who commincr to' 
 Jilonda, was kmdly receiued by the Natiues there, and ha- 
 uing made choice of a place where to build a Fort, after 
 hee had flayed a time giuing direaion for fuch things as 
 were neceffarie to be done, he left forty men therein when 
 hee came away with one Captaine Albert to command 
 them, who after that hee had with difficulty beene freed 
 from the danger of famine, and of fire (vnfeafonably affe- 
 aing the difufed aufteritie of the Ancients) did for a 
 Imall ofience hang one of his companie with his owne 
 hands, lo lofing both the dignitie of his place, and the 
 hearts of his people at one time, which hee fliould 
 haue beene extremely fludious to preferue, efleemina 
 them as fellowes of his fufferings, and coheires of his 
 hopes, at leaft the qualitie of the offence and necefsitie 
 ot his death fhould haue beene made fo cleare, that as im- 
 porting a common good, all (if not vrging it) Ihould at 
 
 C leail 
 
10 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 Icall hauo condifcended tlioreunto, but this crrour of his 
 was acquitcd in as rude a manner : lor his companic put- 
 ting him to death did make choice of anotlior Captainc, 
 and defpairing of a new fupplio though wanting skilfidl 
 workmen for fuch a purpoie (necefsitie Iharpning their 
 wits) they buikled a httle Banpie which they calfatted and 
 made fit for the Seas with the Gnmmcs of trees which they 
 found there in ftead of Pitch, and in place of Sayles tliey 
 furnilhed her with fuch hnnens as they had vpon their 
 beds, and being thus fet forth rcouragioufly ouercomming 
 a number of admirable difficulties) did return to France 
 after a defperato manner. 
 
 The dangerleife returne, and plaufible ho])PS of Ribant, 
 afsifled by the ferious porfwafions of the Admiral), (the re- 
 ceiued opinion of whofe not queflioned wifedomo was 
 enough to warrant any thing that had his approbation) did 
 inoue the French King to fend out a i;reat number of men 
 with a competent prouifion of all things requiflte vnder 
 the charge of Monliour Laudonier, who had a profperous 
 Voyage, and a congratulated arriuall at the French Fort by 
 the Sauages in Florida, but immediately thereafter bee was 
 extremely perplexed with the vnex[)e6ted mutinies and fa- 
 ctious offers of fomo whom he had carried with him, who 
 had not gone thither intending what they pretended, out 
 of a cleare refolution to inhabite that bounds, but did one- 
 ly flee from fome inconueniencies that had vexed them at 
 home, fuch men as hating labom- they could not induHri- 
 oufly ferue by their endeauours in a mcchanike trade, fo 
 were they not capable of generous infpirations that pro- 
 uoke magnanimitie, but habitually bred to vice were natu- 
 rally enemies to vertuc, which made thirtie of them 'making 
 away a Barke that belonged to the Plantation betake them- 
 felues to the Seas in hope (continuing as they had beene 
 accuftomed in naughty courfes) to feize vpon a prize 
 whereby they might incontinent bee made rich; and 
 their defigne in fome meafure had the projedled iffue, but 
 in place of raifing their fortunes (the Lord neuer blefsing 
 
 them 
 
 t 
 
 (. 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 11 
 
 
 them that abandon fuch a worthio worke, much leffe 
 with a mindo to doe mifchic fe) it proucd in end a way 
 to worke their confiifion, And Loudoniere beini; hap- 
 Pie to hauo lus eomimnio purged of fuch peftiferous f'Jl- 
 lowes fid carne lumreltb brauolyas became a comman.ler 
 aduiledly ennuirm^ concerning the Sauages, what their 
 force was wiuit relation they had one to another, where 
 thev were Iran- s or foes, liow their pleafures were placed 
 and by what accounts they reckoned their gaines or lolfes' 
 10 that hee was alwaies ready as miglit Hand bell with thJ 
 good of his affaires to afsift, or oppofe, to diuide, or agree 
 any partie thus by Ihewinor power purchafing authoritie, til 
 ho drew the ballanco of all bufinelTe to bee fwayed where 
 hee won d as being MaUer of the Countrey. -"Hereupon 
 (the ymbragious afperfions of enuie fo darkening reafon 
 Jiat It could not difcerne merite at leail out of a deprauod 
 opinion with a derogatory cenfure cancelling all natural! 
 ingenuitie, could not or would not acknowledge what was 
 due thei^unto) a report was fpread in France by fome that 
 Laudomere l.ued like a Prince difdayning the condition of 
 a Subject and the French out of a prepolterous policie fea- 
 ring what they ihould haue wiihed\hit one of fheir owm. 
 Ration could be too great abroad, they fent backe Rihmd 
 with a newcommilsion to fiicceed him in his charge Hh-i 
 king thereby the firll foundation of a growing grfaS^ 
 who leekingtofteale priuately vpon him to prmfent ad er- 
 t dements that hee might take hfm at vnawares did hardly 
 eicape to haue bcene funke at his firft entrie ^ 
 
 Immed.atly after that Mihaut was admitted Gouernour 
 (Laudomere hau.ng Ihewcd Imnfelfe as dutifuU to obey as 
 he had beene sk.lfull in commanding) intelligence wa7X 
 
 not farre from thence, and he ambitioufly afpiringtoffrrce 
 
 aU thlrT^ ^f' ^'T.^'^' '''''''' agLlf the'aduS;^'^- 
 all the refl, with an obftmate refolution would needs goe 
 
 him ^alidfo /eft's '^7 *^'t ^^ °^ *'- ^«™P-- -th 
 nun, and fo left the Fort weakley guarded, which made it 
 
 C2 to 
 
12 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 to proue an eafie prey for the Spaniards of whom the moft 
 part leauing their Ships (a minde tranfported with hope 
 not thinking of paine) did march thordw the woods 
 whence no perill was expedled, and in a maruellons ftormy 
 night, as if the very Heauens (acceffarily culpable) had 
 confpired with the malice of men for the working of raif- 
 chief. When the Frenchmen (too much afFe6ling tlieir owne 
 eafe) had negledled their watch, furprizing their Fort did 
 put them all to the fword ; which extreme crueltie of theirs 
 was brauely reuenged by one Captaine Gorgues a Gentle- 
 man of JBurdeaux, who out of a generous difpofition being 
 fenfible of this publike injurie whereby all his Nation was 
 interefted, as If it had only in particular imported the ruine 
 of his owne fortunes, went of purpofe to tnis part, and fe- 
 cretly before his commingwas knowne contracting a great 
 friendlhip with the Sauages who did hate the auflere coun- 
 tenance, and rigorous gouernment of the Spaniards, when 
 it came to be compared with the infinuating femes of the 
 French, he found the meanes by a ftratagem that he vfed to 
 entrap the Spaniards, by the death of them all expiating 
 that which they had made his Countreymen formerly to 
 fuffer, yet after the manner of many being more apt to ac- 
 quire then to preferue (adling greater tilings when carried 
 with the impetuofitie of a prefent fury then hee could 
 confirme with the conftant progrefle of a well fetled refo- 
 lution) he made no more vfe of his vi61;orie, but returned 
 back to France, flattering himfelf with the hope of a trium- 
 phall welcome, in place whereof by fome meanes made [at] 
 Court he was proclaimed a Rebell, as a facrifice appointed 
 to appeafe Spaine. This was the laft thing that the French 
 did in Florida. 
 
 The next forraine aduenture was likewife procured by 
 the Admirall, a worthie man, who would gladly haue di- 
 uerted the vindidliue difpofitions of his Countrymen from 
 the bloxidy ciuile warres wherewith they were then entan- 
 gled, to profecute fome braue enterpnfe abroad whereby 
 they might not be made guilty, and yet haue glory. The 
 
 man 
 
 ■>; f . 
 
 
f 
 
 to Colonies. 
 
 13 
 
 man tliat did offer himfelfe for Condudlor of the Vovaee 
 was one Villegagnon a Knight o( Malta who then pret€ded 
 to be of the reformed religion (as all doe who affedl to ap- 
 peare what they are not indeed) making Ihew of extraordi- 
 nary remorfe, and zeale, and that hee had a defire to retire 
 himlelte from the vanitie, corruption, and vexation of their 
 parts to fome remote place in America, where profefsing 
 himfelfe fuch as he was, he might (free from all kind of im- 
 pediments) begin a new life, and where he hoped to found 
 luch a Colony us fliould ferue for a retreat to all thofe of the 
 reformed Religion who (weary of the perfecutios at home) 
 wou d goe where they might Hue with fafety, and enjoy 
 the hbertie of their confcience, by this meanes hee got a 
 great nuniber to accopany him, amongft whom was lohn de 
 Lerie their Mmifter, a learned man who wrote a difcourfe 
 o all that paffed m this Voyage, and there were fundry 
 others that came from the Towne of Geneua, fo that hauing 
 
 .^hhT r^'i' ' "T^« ^^,^ ^'" prouided, hee embarqued 
 and fayled towards Brajile, making choice of a place fit for 
 a Plantation, where they found (the foile excellent, the :^a- 
 tiues well inclined towards them, and a fupplie comming 
 m due time) all things fo concurring for thefr contentment 
 hnnp&™'5. • ^^"^^^g""n? ^ greate worke happie and 
 m?n1l il' T P.f '"u '/ '^ Villagagnon had beene the 
 man that he made them beleeue he was, but he apparantly 
 neuer louing them of the Eeligion in his heart had coun- 
 terfeited to doe fo for a time, onely (angling their affe- 
 aions) by this meanes to draw a fuppl> from them; for as 
 foone as hee was fettled in his gouernment, that hee found 
 
 h^ndhl ?!;^ x'T^\ \^ Cathohkes, and others of his 
 ends, that he had with him to doe (as hee thought) what 
 
 hadTf ' l^^'^ ,''^«;?"i"g *h« maske that hypoerifie 
 had put vpon him he difcharged all exercife of t&e refor- 
 
 fe£ nH ^""[^^f«' ^^n^manding all to conforme them- 
 felues to the orders that he had fet downe, but (in place of 
 feare which he purpofed to giue, receiuing but^on^tempt) 
 
 ^ 3 tliis 
 
14 
 
 Jn encouragement 
 
 
 this bafc kind of carriage did quite ouerthrowe his autho- 
 ritie, and they making a partie araongft themfelues did 
 remoue with their Minifter lohn de Lerie, which diuifion 
 of their Colonie in two was the caufe that neither could 
 fubfift, fo that Villagagnon abandoning that Countrey, all 
 after many feuerall defignes returned vnto France, ha- 
 uing found no impediment to fo good a purpofe but 
 the peruerfeneffe of fuch mindes as they had carried with 
 them. 
 
 Monfieur De Larauerdier a very worthie Gentleman 
 did of late enter prife the like ccurfe in the fame bounds, 
 and was croiTed m the fame manner by the difference of 
 Religion (difputations quickning them to contrauert who 
 will not be conuerted) that diftra6led his companie with 
 feuerall opinions, yet at this time a long continuance ma- 
 king that leffe ftrange amongft the French then it was wont 
 to be, the Gentleman did command with fuch judgement, 
 and difcretion, that what euer priuate diflike was, it neuer 
 burfted forth in any open infurrection. And for the fpace 
 of foure or fine yeeres being befriended by the liJ^atmes, 
 though continually oppofed both by the Spaniards, and by 
 the Portugals, yet he alwaies preuayled, lining (as himfelfe 
 told me) with more contentment then euer he had done in 
 his time either before or fmce ; hee could neuer difcerne 
 any Winter there by the effe6ts, feeing no ftormy weather 
 at all, and finding a continuall grcenneffe to beautifie the 
 fields, which did affoord fuch abundance, and variety of 
 all things neceffary for the maintaynance, that they were 
 neuer in any danger of famine, but in end finding no more 
 people comming from France, and fearing that time Ihould 
 weare away them that were with him ; then being flatte- 
 red with the loue of his natiue foyle, longing to fee his 
 friends, and tempted by the hope of a prefent gaine, which 
 as ho imagined might the better enable him for feme fuch 
 purpofe in an other part, he capitulated with the Spaniards 
 to furreder the place hauing aflurace giuen him for a great 
 fumme of money whicli fliould haue beene deliuered in 
 
 Spaine, 
 
 A 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 15 
 
 Spmne, but comming to receiue the fame (it being more 
 eafie to pay debt by reuenging a pretended iniurie then 
 with money which fome would rather keepe then their 
 X 1 y, was caft m prifon, where hee remayned loner till 
 at laft he was dehuered by the mediation of our Kings Am- 
 baffadour, and came here where I fpake with him of pur- 
 pofe to gme his Majeftie thankes. I heare that for the pre- 
 lent he is now at Rochell (vfiih a hope to repaire his error^ 
 'Ti ? ^^^^"^^^'•que for fome fuch like enterprile. This is 
 all that the Frenchmen haue done in the South parts of A- 
 menca and now I will make mention of their proceedinffs 
 in thele parts that are next vnto vs. 
 
 Francis the firft of France, a braue Prince, and natural- 
 ly giuen to great things, after the Voyage made by lohn 
 lerrtzan (Chabot hauing difcouered the Continent for 
 i/enry the feuenth) did fend forth lames Quartier one of 
 bamt Malo, who by two feuerall Voyages did difcouer the 
 Kiuer of Cannada, and by his relation doth commend it 
 exceedingly as being fertile in variety of Fiflies, and bor- 
 dered with many pleafant meadowes, and ftately woods 
 Jiauing in fundry parts abundance of Vines growing wilde 
 chieflvin one He which he hath called bythl name^f the' 
 1 e ot Orleans ihiB man neuer made any Plantation at 
 ali but onely difcouered and traffiqued with the Sauages 
 neither was there any further done by Boberwall, who did 
 hue one Winter at Cape Breton. 
 
 The Marqueffe De la Roche by a Commifsion from 
 Hmry the fourth, intending a Voyage for Cannada, hap- 
 pened by the way vpon the lie of Sahlon (which s now 
 comprehended with the Patent of New Scotland) and 
 there (truftmg to the flrength of the place where there are 
 no Sauages at all) landed fome of his men till hee fhould 
 haue toiind a conuenient place within the maine Land fit 
 tor habitation, promifing tfien to returne for them; but it 
 was his fortune byreafon of contrary winds neuer to finde 
 the mame Land, being blowne backe to France with- 
 out leeing of them, where he was in the time of the ciuile 
 
 warres 
 
16 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 warres (fuch is the vncertainty of worldly things produ- 
 cing vnexpe<5led effects) taken prifoner by the Duke of 
 Mercceur, and fhortly after died, fo that his people whom 
 hee had left at Sablon furniflied but for a Ihort time had 
 quickly fpent their prouifions, and tooke for their maintay- 
 nance onely fuch things as the place it felfe did without 
 labour freely affoord, which hath a race of Kowes (as is 
 thought) firft tranfported thither by the Portugals that 
 haue long continued there, and fundry roots fit to be eaten, 
 with abundance of Fifhes, Fowle and Venifon. And (ha- 
 uing no meanes to Hue but by fport) as for their apparell 
 they clothed themfelues with the skinnes of fuch crea- 
 tures as they could kill by Land, or Sea, fo that liuing 
 there for the fpace of twelue yeeres when they were pre- 
 fented to Henry the fourth who had hired a Fiflierman to 
 bring them home, as I haue heard from them that did fee 
 them at firft before the King, they were in very good 
 health, and looked as well, as if they had lined all that time 
 in France : But hauing beene abufed by the Fiflierman 
 wh J (cunningly concealing that he had beene direded by 
 the King) did bargaine with them to haue all their skinnes 
 for tranfporting them home, which were of great value, 
 fome of them being of black Foxes, which were fold at 
 fiftie pounds fterling a piece, and aboue, for the recouerie 
 thereof they intended a procefle againft him before the 
 Court of Parliament at Paris, Avherein by the equitie of 
 their caufe, or by the compafsion of the ludges, they pre- 
 uayled, gayning by that meanes a ftocke wherewith to traf- 
 fique in thefe parts againe. 
 
 Monfieur De Monies procuring a Patent from Henry the 
 fourth of Cannada from the 40. degree Eaftward compre- 
 hending all the bounds that is now both within New Eng- 
 land and New Scotland (after that Queene Elizabeth had 
 formerly giuen one thereof as belonging to this Crowne 
 by Chabots Difcouerie) did fet forth with a hundred per- 
 fons fitted for a Plantation, carried in two Ihips of fmall 
 burthen, which parting from France on feuerall dayes did 
 
 appoint 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
i 
 
 to Colonies. 
 
 17 
 
 appoint their meeting at the Port of Campfeau, but the fliip 
 wherein Monfieur Be Monies had placed himfelfe goirnr 
 firft, and fearing the huge Mountainea of Ice that diffol- 
 uingfrora the farre Northerne parts come alongflthe coafl 
 of Neiofoxmd-land during the Spring time, did take lier 
 eourfc more to the South, and arriued at Port Be Muton 
 a Bay now in the fore-land of New Scotland, from whence 
 one of the I^atiues of the Countrey (either out of courte- 
 fie, or to gayne a reward) leauing his Wife and Children 
 (as a pledge, or elfe to be nourilhed with them) went to 
 Campfeau, and within a weeke brought them newes from 
 their other Ship that had arriued there, which comming 
 to them, and Monfieur Champlein who had gone inalhal- 
 lop to difcouer the coaft being returned, they favled toge- 
 ther Weftwards to Cape Sable, and from thence North- 
 wards to Bay Saint Maries, where towards the South fide 
 thereof they found good meadowes and arable ground 
 ht to be planted vpon, and towards the North a mountai- 
 nous and minerall bounds, hauing difcouered one veine of 
 metall that did hold Siluer, and two of Iron ftone : After 
 this hauing feene Port Royall, they went to the Riuer cal- 
 led by them Sante Croix, but more fit now to bee called 
 I weed, becaufe it doth diuide New England and New Scot- 
 land, bounding the one of them vpon the Eafl, and the o- 
 ther vpon the Weft fide thereof, here they made choice of 
 an lie that is withm the middle of the fame where to win- 
 ter, building houfes fufficient to lodge their number: 
 Ihere, befides other forts of wood, they had ftore of Ce- 
 dar trees, and found the ground very fertile as it did proue 
 afterwards, bringing forth that which they did fowwith an 
 extraordinary encreafe, yet during the Winter time when 
 they could not conueniently goe to the maine Land, they 
 f"/ n' o^ ^^''^ incommodious dwelling, fpecially for want 
 ot Irelh Springs ; And the foyle being of it felfe humid, and 
 obnoxious to waters, they had not beene fo induftrious as 
 to call a ditch wherewith to drie the ground whereupon 
 their houfes flood, and in end finding that a httle He was 
 
 I> but 
 
h 
 
 18 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 but a kind of large pvlfon, they refolued to returne vnto 
 Port Royall, whereof I will giue a particular Defeription, 
 becaufe it was the place of their refidence, as I intend it to 
 be for the chiefe Colonic of the Scottish Nation, grounding 
 that which I am to deliuer vpon fuch Difcourfes as the 
 Frenchmen haue written, and vpon that which I haue 
 heard reported by fundry other? ,vho haue feene the fame. 
 The entry in Port Roijall is from the South fide of a great 
 Bay, which doth make the South part of Neio Scotland al- 
 moft an He, and liatli the paffage at firft fo narrow, with a 
 current fo violent, that Ships can hardly enter if they take 
 not the Tide right, and may eafily be commanded by any 
 Ordnance that is planted on either fide, where there are 
 parts fit for that purpofc ; As foone as they are within the 
 bay, it doth enlarge it felfe to the bredth of feuen or eight 
 miles, and doth continue fo as if it were fquare for the like 
 bounds in length ; There are within the fame two lies e- 
 uery one of them extending it felfe about three miles in 
 circuit, and both are well garniflied with trees, and graffe; 
 Diuers RiuciS and Brookes doe fall within this large bo- 
 fome on euery fide, of which the chiefe is one that doth 
 come from the South, being difcouered to be aboue fortie 
 miles portatiue, and it hath all alongft on euery fide for the 
 bounds of a mile, or halfe a mile at leafl;, very faire mea- 
 dowes which are fubjec^t to bee ouerflowed at high tides, 
 and there is Land fit to be laboured lying betweene them 
 and the woods, which doe compafle all about with very 
 faire trees of fundry forts, as Oakes, Alh, Playnes, Maple, 
 Beech, Birch, Cypreffe, Pine and Firre ; The great Riuer 
 doth abound exceedingly in Salmon and Smelts during 
 their feafon, and euery little Brooke in Trouts. One Lake 
 within this Bay hath yeerely a great quantitie of Herrings, 
 which by reafon of a flricl way which they paffe are eafie 
 to be taken, and all the yeere ouer they neuer want fhell- 
 fiih, fuch as Lobfl;ers, Crabs, Cockles and Muffels. The 
 chiefe beaflis that inhabite the Woods there, are EUans, 
 Hart, Hind, and fallow Deere, with flore of other wilde 
 
 beafts, 
 
 '1 
 
 
 ; 
 
I 
 
 :i 
 
 n 
 
 to Colonies. 
 
 19 
 
 bcafts, fuch as Wolues, Beares,. Foxes, and Otters, but tlie 
 mofl vfefuU of all is the Beaucr, both for his flefli that is 
 efteemed to be very delicate for eating; and for the skinne 
 that is of good value ; as for wild foule, there is great varie- 
 tie and flore, of Partridges, Plouers, Woodcockes, Larkes, 
 Wild Geefe, Wild Duckes, Heron and Crane, with many 
 other forts peculiar to that part of the World, and not 
 knowne here. 
 
 Vpon the Eaft fide of this Port the French did entrench 
 themfelues, building fuch houfes as might feme to accom- 
 modate their number, and a little from thence Monjieur 
 Champlein did cut a walke through the Woods, where 
 they delighted to repaire in Summer to fhroud themfelues 
 from the heate, and the rather that they had a fweet Me- 
 lodie which was made by the varietie of voyces, of finging 
 Birds which without any affedlation did affoord them na- 
 turall Muficke. 
 
 Some fixe miles further vp that fide of the Eiuer, they 
 built a Barne, and laboured ground for Wheat, ouer againft 
 which they made a Water-mill vpon a Riuer, that°doth 
 fall in on the Weft fide, the Damme of it beeing there 
 where the Herrings haunt moft, and they did likewife try 
 fome grou id neere by for Wheate, whereas their owne 
 Writers make mention, they reaped aboue fortie for one, 
 but what they did was rather trying the nature of the foile 
 to fatisfie their curiofitie then to haue a quantitie fit for 
 their maintenance, which they trufted to bee fent vnto 
 them by two Merchants from the Rochdl, and were that 
 way well furnifhed fo long as they keeped their skinnes to 
 gme them m exchange (but the Merchants either by 
 fome priuate conueyances) or by the comming in of fome 
 Flemmmgs to traffique, being difappointed by the Planters 
 as foone as they milfed their prefent Commoditie did like- 
 wife fruftrate them of the prouifions that they expe- 
 cted. Whereupon Monfieur de Monies betaking him- 
 felfe to trade for Furres, Monfieur Poutrincourt refolued to 
 profecute the Plantation at that place, and fent for his Son 
 
 D 2 Bien- 
 
20 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 Biencourt to France, to bargaine with fomc that would 
 fend them a I'upply, fuch as was refiuifite for cflahUihinff of 
 that Colony. 
 
 The firft that embraced his Propofitions were tlie le- 
 fuites who as they hauc ordinarly good w^its which made 
 them the rather capable of fo aduantagious a proiedt, fo 
 they were the more animated thereunto (by vpbrayding 
 the lazinefTe of our Cl<n-gie) to iliew with what feruencie 
 the)^ trauell to propagate the Gofpell in doing whereof 
 (whither it be ambition or deuotion that prouolces them 
 fparing no paines) they liauo trauelled both to the Eaft and 
 Well Indies, x[r\(S. to that admired Kingdome of China; their 
 Societie in France preuayling with all that had any incli- 
 nation either to religion, or to vertuo did cafily gather a 
 voluntary contribution for the furthering of fo commen- 
 dable a purpofe, thereafter they font away two Fathers of 
 their company with a new fupply of all things neccifarie 
 to the Plantation at Port Royall, but fliortly after their ar- 
 riuall (their predominant difpofition hardly yeelding to 
 any Superiour, fpecially if it be a Secular power) they be- 
 ganne to contradi6b Poutrincourt, in the execution of 
 thefe Decrees which had beene giuen forth by him as Ciuil 
 Magiftrate of that place. Whereupon the Gentleman ex- 
 treamely difcontented, and wearie of contefling with 
 them, hauing faid that it was his part to rule them vpon 
 earth, and theirs onely to guide him the way to Heauen, 
 he returned back to France, leauing his Sonne Biencourt in 
 his place, who being a youth at that time of more courage 
 then circumfpcdlneife, difdayning to be controlled by them 
 whom he had inuited thither, and fcorning their infuppor- 
 table prefumption, and imperious kinde of carriage, vfing 
 Spirituall Armes for Temporall ends, wliofe fpleene had 
 excommunicated and branded him with a Spirituall cen- 
 fure, hee threatned them by his Temporall power with a 
 more palpable punifliment, fo that after much controuer- 
 fie, refoluing to feparate themfelues, the two lefuites ta- 
 king a part of the company with them, went from thence 
 
 to 
 
 I 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 21 
 
 to a place in New England, called by tlicm Mount Defert, 
 wliero they feated tliemfelues, and hailing a fupply from' 
 the Queene Mother, did plant fundry fruit trees of the 
 moft delicate kinds in France, fuch as Apricockes, and Pea- 
 ches neuer intending to remouc from thence. 
 
 At this time Sir Samuell Argall, who hath beene Go- 
 uernour of Virginia, coafting alongft New England, to traf- 
 fique, difcouer, or to ac(iuire things necellary for the Sou- 
 theme Colonic in thefe parts, where the Lands are reputed 
 to be more fertile, and the Seas more frequented, did con- 
 ceiue by a defcription made vnto him by the Sauages, that 
 there were feme come from this part of the World to in- 
 habit there, and being iealous of any thing that might de- 
 rogate from the honour, or prooue preiudiciall to the bene- 
 fit of his Kation, whereof their intcrcll in this was ealie to 
 be apprehended, hee went whereas hee was informed that 
 they were, and his vnexpeaed arriuall, as it would feeme 
 not onely amazing the mindes of the French, but likewife 
 preuenting their preparation, and refolution, he apnroched 
 fo neere to ailiip that lay before their Fort, that hee beate 
 them all that were within, with Musket fliot, from ma- 
 king any vfe of their Ordnance, and killed one of t o two 
 lefuites who was gluing fire to a Peece ; hauing taken the 
 Ihip he landed and went before the Fort, fummonin<r them 
 that were within to yeeld tliemfelues, who at the firfl; 
 made fome difficultie, asking a time to aduife, but that be- 
 ing refufed, they priuately abandoned the Fort, ftealing out 
 by fome back way into the AVoods, where they flayed one 
 night, and the next day comming backe rendred them- 
 lelues, gming vp the Patent they had from the French 
 King to bee cancelled, hee vfed them courteoufly, as their 
 owne Writers doe make mention, fuffering fuch as had a 
 minde to goe for France, to feeke out fiiliers Ihips wherein 
 they might bee tranfported, the reft that were willin<T to 
 goe ioY Virginia, went thither alongft with him, no ?iian 
 haumg loft his life, but onely that one Icfuite who was kil- 
 led whileft they made refiftance dm-ing the time of the 
 
 ^ 3 eon- 
 
i 
 
 22 
 
 y^n encouragement 
 
 p\ 
 
 confli6t, thereafter Fatlier Biard the other of the lefnitcs 
 coraining hacke from Vmjinia, with Sir Samuell Argall, 
 out of the indigeflable mahcc that he had conceiucd againft 
 Bimcourt, did inforine him where he had planted himfelfe 
 offering (as liee did) to conduft him thither. As foone as 
 tliey were cntred within the Port, neere the vppermoll of 
 the Hands, Sir SamuclhXwc&^mg the Ship to ride at a reafo- 
 nable diltanee to attend oceafions before the Fort, did land 
 himfelfe with fortie of the beft of his men vpon a Medow, 
 where immediatly they heard a Peece of Ordnance from 
 the Fort, and he concerning fmce it was fliot whiHl it could 
 do no harme that it was done either but to giue terrour to 
 them, or to warnc fome that might happen to bee abroad. 
 Did make the greater hafle towardes the Fort, where hee 
 prefently entred, finding it abandoned without any men at 
 all, left for the defence thereof, hee went vp the lliuer fide 
 five or fixe miles, where hee liiw their Barnes and the 
 ground where a great quantitie of Wheate had growne, 
 which he carried with him to fcrue for Seed in Vmjinia, he 
 faw likewife their Corn Mill very conueniently placed, 
 which together with the Barnes hee left Handing vntou- 
 ched. As for the Fort it felfe he deftroyed it downe to the 
 ground, razing the French Armes, and leaning no monu- 
 ment rcKiayning, that might witneffe their being there. 
 
 After this Biencourt who had beene fome where abroad 
 trauelhng through the Countrey, comming home defired 
 to conferre with Sir Samuell Argall, who did meete with 
 him apart from the Company vpon a Medow, and after 
 they had expofl^ulated a fpace for what had pall contro- 
 uerting concerning the French and English Title to theib 
 bounds, at lall Biencourt offered (if hee might haue a prote- 
 ction) to depend vpon our King, and to draw the whole 
 Furres of that Countrey to one Port, where he would di- 
 uide them with him, As likewife he would fliew him good 
 Metalls, whereof hee gaue him pieces, but the other refu- 
 fed to ioyne in any focietie with him, protefting that his 
 Commifl[ion was onely to difplant him, and that if hee 
 
 found 
 
 ■) 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 23 
 
 .•! 
 
 lound luin there, after that time heo would vfo him as -in 
 enemy, Biencourt labouring earneltly to hauo had the Icfuit 
 (as lie confeHed)with a purpofe to liang him. Whilll thcv 
 were chlcourhng together, one of the Sauages came huf- 
 denly forth from the Woods, and hcentiated to come ncere 
 did after this manner earnelUy mediate a i.cace, wondrinLr 
 why they that feemed to bee of one Countrcv flionld vlb 
 others with Inch hollihtie, and that witli fuch a forme of 
 habit and gcfturo as made them both to laugh. 
 
 After this Biencourt remoouing from thence to Ibme o- 
 ther part, Monfieur Ckamplein who had hued lon.r here did 
 earrie a company with him from France, of fome fortio 
 perfons or thereabouts vd theRiuer of Canada, whom hee 
 planted on the North ficte thereof, with a purpofe to f(>rue 
 for a Faaorie, drawing all the Trade of that firre running 
 Riuer (which a Plantation would haue difperfcd in many 
 parts) within the hands of a hy^ whom he doth command 
 otherwife ,f h,s def res had beene bended that way, hee 
 miglit haiie planted many people there ere now, the place 
 IS called Kebcck, where the French doe profper well In- 
 umg Corne by their owne labour, which may fu^niih 
 them elues for food, and likewife for a ftocke to^traZue 
 with the Sauages, with fundrv Fruits, Roots, Vine, gSs 
 and Turkie Wheate. ChampLn hath difcou^red the R or 
 oi Canada from the Gulf vpwards aboue twelue hundred 
 miles, finding ,n it fometimes fuch falles, as to fcape the 
 fame, he mull earrie his Boate a little way by Land and 
 then hee did many times come to great Lakes at the end 
 whereof hee did alwayes find a Riuer againe, and the laft 
 Lake where hee came was a very huge one, iudjred to bee 
 three hundred miles in length, ify tlfe repo^ of^ W IZ 
 uages, w^jo did affirme vnto him; that at the fur tW end 
 
 great Veffels which made C^aWem beleeue Hiat a Dafri(TP 
 
 tTe'Lltr '\ *\^ ^^^,f ^^^^^'•'"«' - *« ^-- 1- 0? 
 
 the bouth Sea, which would prooue an ineflimable benefit 
 for the Inhabitants of thofe p^arts, opening a neere w^lo 
 
 China, 
 
 I' 
 
24 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 China, which hath bccne fo many hindry waves with lb 
 great charges fo long Ibiigjit for, Iiowfoeiier in regard of 
 the fcafon, ami for Avant of neccflary prouifions, Champkin 
 did rctiunc hackc at that time with a piirpofe to goe againo 
 another yecre, which if he hath done is not yet knowne, 
 but this is inoll certaine, that the lliuer of Canada hath a 
 
 fonie 
 
 great 
 » fome 
 
 parts of Terra Florida, as may bee gathered by Champleins 
 pifcouerie. And now hailing giuen a breniarie of all that 
 is done by the French in America, 1 will next report of that 
 which hath becnc done by fome others. 
 
 I will not here make mention of the many and braiic 
 Voyages that at the Sea haue happily beene ])erformed by 
 the Enrjlish, which fame by eternall records hath recom- 
 mended to be applauded by the befl judgements of euery 
 age, but I will only Ihortly touch that winch they haue at- 
 tempted by way of Plantation, beginning with the iV^eu?- 
 found Land^^•\\\^^\\;vi^ firfl difcouercd, and doth he neercll 
 to this Countrey. Sir Humphrey Gilbert hauing a commil- 
 fion from Queene Elizabeth did take poffefsion of it in 
 her name at Saint lohns Harbour, and thereafter purpofed 
 to haue feene Canada, but encountring with fome vnexpe- 
 6ted croffes as bee was returning from thence, feeking to 
 condemne an opinion (malice or enuie ordinarily taxing 
 all aff)iring fpirits whofe vertue by way of reflection doth 
 vpbraide the bafeneffe of others) that had beene conceiued 
 of him as wanting courage, he precipitated himfelfe ypon 
 an other extremitie, not to fceme fearefull, prouing defpe- 
 rate ; for in the time of a ftorme, out of a neodleffe braue- 
 rie, to fliew a contempt of danger, being in a little fmall 
 Pinnace, and refufing to come to his bell S'lippe that was 
 of a large burden, hee was fuddenly fwaliowed vp by the 
 waues neere to the He of Sablon, and his death did ouer- 
 throwe great hopes of a Plantation that by the generouf- 
 neffe of his minde might juftly haue beene expedled from 
 
 him; 
 
 
 >. 
 
 ■ • '■. -.• 
 
 . : -••■■■' 
 
 
 '• . , .;* . •'«■ 
 •■•. ;.• 'I- ■*.: 
 • ■:•■.. lit .• ■■ 
 
 •v- •,•.'.■•• 
 
 '•.•;:t,V': ••• • 
 
 'S^- 
 *••■ 
 
 1— •> '*'•*' 
 
1 
 
 to Colonies. 
 
 25 
 
 him ; b»it lonjr lieforo his time .'ind eucr linco the Knf/lish 
 IkuI vied to Hill vpon tlie Raiiko, und within the liaycs of 
 Neirfound Lavrl, tmd the fweetnefle of the benefit iirrifing 
 from thence, did jierfwaiU? a companie compofed of Lon- 
 doners and Welt-country men to joyno totrether for fen- 
 cling fomo to iidiahite there, where before howfoeuer the 
 Sinnmer was large as bote as here, the Winter was thought 
 ^rifutierable. 
 
 The firll ho\ifes for a habitation were built in Cupids 
 Cone within the JJay of Concejttlon, where people did dwell 
 for fundry yeeres together, and I'ome well latistied both for 
 ])leafure, and protit, are dwelling tliere Hill, finding fmall 
 difi'erence betweene the feafons of the yeere in that Cli- 
 mate, and here. There is another Plantation begumu; 
 at Harbour a Grave within the fame Bay by the Citie of 
 JJri/hll, called Brijhls Hope, whereas by the fowing and 
 reaping of Ibmo Cornes of fundry forts doth appeare what 
 further may pofsibly be expected; And within thefe three 
 yeeres Mafler Secretary Caluert hath planted a companie 
 at Fcrriland, who both for building and making triall of 
 the groimd bane done more than eucr was performed be- 
 fore l)y any in fb Ihort a time, hauing already there a brood 
 of Horfes, Kowes, and other bcaftial, and by the induftry of 
 his people he is beginning to draw back yeerly fbme bene- 
 fit from thence already: which courle howfoeuer at firft it 
 proue good, or bad for his particular, is by example benefi- 
 ciall for the publike. 
 
 Laft, I heare that my Lord Vicount Falkland now Lord 
 Deputie of Ireland, hath thislafl yeere fent a companie to 
 inhabite at Renouze a place lying South-well from Ferri- 
 land, where the foyle is efteemcd to be the bell whereupon 
 any hath fetled there as yet, and hee hath the lliorteft way, 
 and bell opportunitie of any within his Majefties Domini- 
 ons for tranfporting of people and cattell to that part from 
 Ireland, which if his courle bee rightly directed, as all haue 
 reafon to wilh, may promife him a good lucceU'e. 
 
 The fii-ft Patentees for Newfound-land haue giuen mee 
 
 £ a 
 

 26 
 
 ^n encouragement 
 
 a ffvant of that part thereof which doth Ue North-weft from 
 tho Bay of Placentia to the great Gulfo of Canada ouer- 
 againfl N^ew Scotland, where I had made a Plantation ere 
 now, if I had not beene diuerted by my defignes for New 
 Scotland, but I purpofe to doe it as foone as eonueniently I 
 may. The moft part of the bounds whereupon any hath 
 planted as yet in Neivfound Land is found to be rookie and 
 not fit to be manured : it may be thefe that made choice 
 thereof ('negle6ling the Land) had onely a regard to dwell 
 commodioufly for making vfe of the Sea, the prefcnt pro- 
 fits whereof doth recompence the loffe of that which 
 might be expefted by tho other, but there can be no hope 
 of any conftant dwelling where the people that inhabite 
 doe not take a courfe to maintaine themfelues by their 
 owne Comes, and pafturc, as all there might doe, if they 
 would refpe6i their pofteritie more then the pre fent time. 
 Before I come to the Continent I muft remember the 
 lies of the Bermudas, whofe Difcouerie and Plantation 
 was procured by fo ftrange araeanes,for a Ship happening 
 to perilli vpon their Coaft, her pafsingers feekmg the next 
 Land for a refuge, they were compelled to doe that out of 
 necefsitio whereunto in good reafon, both for honour and 
 profit, they might more warrantably haue beene inuited ; 
 Thus doth benefit flowe from lofle, fafety from ruine, and 
 the Plantation of a Land from the deiolation of a Shippe: 
 they found at the firft ftore of Hogs, which in all appea- 
 rance had their beginning from fome fuch an accident as 
 theirs was, and the Fowles were there in abundance fo eafie 
 to be taken that they could fcarcely be frighted away, thefe 
 firft people by repairing of their Ship which was caft away 
 vpon the Land, or by building fome other Veffel out of 
 her mines, comming backe to England, and reporting 
 what was paft, fome joyned together in a companie after 
 they had taken a Patent thereof from the King, and did 
 fena people of purpofe to inhabite there, who trufting too 
 much to the goodneffe of the loyle, and neglecting their 
 owne induftrie, or not gouerning that well which was car- 
 ried 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 27 
 
 ried with them, were reduced to a great diftreffe for want 
 of victuals, fo that, if they had not beene confined within 
 an Hand (more fenfible of a prefent fuffering then capable 
 of future hopes) they would willingly haue retired from 
 thence, but a gi-eat quantitie of Ambergreece hauing been 
 found by one by chance, and fent backe in a Ship that was 
 going for London, their Merchants finding it to bee of a 
 great value, were fo encouraged by fuch a fubftantiall ar- 
 gument, that they prefently difpatched away a new fupply 
 of perfons and all prouifions neceffary, who arriuing there, 
 and hauing confidered what a gulfe of famine was likely 
 to haue fwallowed their fellowes, they improuing their 
 judgement by the others experience, by betaking them- 
 I'elues to labour in time did preuent the like inconue- 
 nience ; there is no land where man can Hue without la- 
 bour, nor none fo barren whence induftrie cannot draw 
 fome benefit. All Adams pofteritie were appointed to 
 worke for their food, and none mull dreame of an abfolute 
 eafe, which can no where fubfift pofitiucly, but onely com- 
 paratiuely, according to the occafions mor^^ or leffe. 
 
 This Plantation of the Bermudas, a place not knoM^no 
 when the King came to England, hath profpered fo in a 
 Ihort time, that at this prefent, befides their ordinary (and 
 too extraordinarily valued) commoditie of Tobacco, they 
 haue gi-owing there Oranges, Figs, and all kind of 'fruits 
 that they pleafe to plant, and doe now intend to haue a Su- 
 gar worke. Thefe lies being about twentie miles in bredth 
 can onely be entred but by one paffage, which is forti- 
 fied and eafily commanded by Ordnance, fo that, hauing 
 no Sauages within, and fearmg no forces without, it is 
 eftccined to be impregnable ; and the number of the In- 
 balitants there, being neere throe thoufand perfons, are fuf- 
 ficient for the ground that they poffeffe. This part may 
 proue exceedingly fteadable to this State, if euer rt happen 
 tc haue (as it hath heretofore had) any defignes for feruice 
 in thefe Seas. 
 
 The firft Plantation that euer th ^ English intended a- 
 
 ^ 2 broad 
 
■■■ 
 
 mmm 
 
 T 
 
 28 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 broad was in Virginia, which was firft difcouered and na- 
 med fo by Sir Walter Raleigh, who in the time of Quecne 
 Elizabeth did place fome pcrfons to inhabite there, who 
 not being fupplied in time, or out of ignorance, or lazi- 
 neffe, not vfing the ordinary means (the vfual fault of all be- 
 ginners) were brought by famine to a great extremity. And 
 Sir Francis Drakes comming by chance that way did tranf- 
 port them backe wUi him to England, whilell at the fame 
 time there was another companie furnifhed forth by Sir 
 Walter Raleigh, who mifsing them whom they expedted to 
 haue found there, did remaine ftill thcmfclues ; but what 
 did become of them, if they did remoue to fome other 
 part, periih, difpcrfo, or incorporate with the Sauages (no 
 monument of them remayning) is altogether vnknowne. 
 This noble workc ha\iing fo hard a beginning after a long 
 difcontinuanco was rcuiucd againe in the Kings time by a 
 companie compofed of Noblemen, Gentlemen, and Mer- 
 chants, who (joyning priuate purfcs with publike fupplies) 
 did fend thither a fufticient Colonic, well furnilhed with all 
 things neceffary, who after their firil comming had a conti- 
 nuall warre with the Natiues, till it was reconciled by a 
 Marriage of their Kings fifter with one of the Colonic, 
 who hauing come to England, as ihee was returning backe, 
 died, and was buried at Grauejend. This euen amongfl 
 thefe Sauages (libertie being valued aboue life) as they 
 were induced to conteft in time, before that power which 
 they fufpe(^ed, could come to fuch a height, that it might 
 haue a pjfsibilitic of deprefsing them, fo was their malice 
 with their feares, quickly calmed by the meanes of a mar- 
 riage ; Lawfull allyances thus by admitting cqualitie re- 
 moue contempt, and giue a promifcuous ott'-fpring extin- 
 guilliing the diitiniftion of ))erfons, which if that People 
 become Chrillians, were in fome fort tolerable, for it is the 
 onely courfe that vniting minds, free from jealoufies, can 
 tirft make ilrangers contide in a new friendfhip, which by 
 communicating their bloud with mutuall affurance is left 
 hereditary to their pofteritie. 
 
 This 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 29 
 
 
 This longed for peace, though it bred a great content- 
 ment for the time, was attended by wrapping them that 
 apprehended no further danger (too common an inconue- 
 nient) vp in the lazie remiifeneffe of improuident fecuritie. 
 For a number leaning the feate of the mayne Colonic, did 
 difperfe themfelues to lino apart, as if they had bin into a 
 well inhabited Countrey, which (as perchance) it had em- 
 boldened the Sauages to imbrace the firft occadon of a 
 quarrell, fo did it giue them an eafie way for executino- the 
 mifchiefe that they intended, by killing two or three hun- 
 dred perfons before they could aduertize one another, farre 
 leffe, ioyne to oppofe them in a company together, which 
 courfe might not onely then haue made them able to refifl, 
 but preuenting the others refolution had kept them from 
 being purfued : yet I lieare of late, that they haue reuon- 
 ged this iniury (though (as fome report) not after a com- 
 mendable manner) by killing their King, with a great 
 number of the chiefe of them whom they fufpected 
 moft. 
 
 This plantation of Vinjinia, if it had not beene croffed 
 by the Incurfion of the Sauages abroad, and by the diuifion 
 of their Owners at home, had attayned to a great perfecti- 
 on ere now, hauing had Inhabitants from hence to tlu? 
 number of necre three thoufand perfons, and if ibme of 
 them who are there, being Lords of reafonable proporti- 
 ons of ground, and hauing people of their owne, owing no- 
 thing but due obedience to a Superiour Power, and the lea- 
 ding of a life conforme to the Lawes, had no care but (ma- 
 king their Lands to maintayne themfelues) how to build, 
 plant, and plenilh in fuch fort as might beft eftablllh a for- 
 tune for their Poiteritie, they might quickly make vp a 
 new Nation, but it is a great difcouragement vnto them 
 who dwell there, that they mufl labour like the Seruants of 
 a Family purchafing their food and rayment from England, 
 in exchange of Tobacco, as they are directed by their Ma- 
 ftors, many wliereof are Grangers to the eftate of that 
 bounds, and intending to fettle none of their Race there, 
 
 ^ '^ haue 
 

 30 
 
 An enconragement 
 
 haue no caro but how the bed benefit may prefently bee 
 drawnc hackc from thence, the number of voyces at their 
 aflembhes preuayHng more then the foundneffe of iudge- 
 ment, otherwife that Countrey before this time for 
 Wine, Oyle, Wheate, and other things neceffary for the 
 Hfe of man might haue equalled for the like quantitie any 
 bounds within Europe, to which the foile of it felfe lac- 
 king nothing but the like induftry is no way inferiour. 
 And it is to be exceedingly wiihed by all his Maiefties fub- 
 ie6ls that the Plantation of Virginia may profper well, 
 which lying ncercft to the part from whence danger might 
 come, may prouc a Bui: uxc for the fafetie of all the reft. 
 
 That which is now cai ; w England was firft com- 
 
 prehended within the Patent Virginia, being the North- 
 catt part thereof, it was vnden.ten in a Patent by a com- 
 pany of Gentlemen in the Wefl of England, one of whom 
 was Sir lohn Popham then Lord Chiefe luftice, who fent 
 the firil company that went of purpofe to inhabite there 
 neer to Sigadahock, but thofe that went thither, being pref- 
 led to that enterprize, as endangered by the Law, or by 
 their owne neceffitics (no enforced thing prouing pleafant, 
 difcontented perfons fuffering, while as they aft can fel- 
 dome haue good fucceffe, and neuer fatisfa6lion) they after 
 a Winter ftay dreaming to themfeluca of new hopes at 
 home returned backe with the firft occafion, and to mftific 
 the fuddennell'e of their returne, they did coyne many ex- 
 cufcs, burdening the bounds where they had beene with 
 all the afperfions that poffibly they could deuife, feeking 
 by that meanea to difcourage all others, whofe prouident 
 forwardnes importuning a good fucceffe, might make their 
 bale lluggiflineffe for abandoning the beginning of a good 
 worke, to be the more condemned. 
 
 About a foure yeercs fince, a Ihippe going for Virginia, 
 comming by chance to harbour in tne South-weft part of 
 New England, necre Cape Cod, the company whom fliee 
 carried for Plantation, being weary of the Sea, and enamo- 
 red with the beautie of the bounds that firft offered it felfe 
 vnto them gorgeoufly garniftied with all wherewith 
 
 preg- 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 31 
 
 pregnant nature rauilhing tlie fight with variety) can grace 
 a fertile field, did refolue to flay, and feated themfelues in 
 that place which is now called New Plimmouth, where 
 they haue budded good houfes, and by their owne induftry 
 haue prouided themfelues in fuch fort as they are likely to 
 ^'jb^ft^^eepingagood correfpondencie with the Captames 
 ot the Sauages, who haue done nothing hitherto that might 
 offend them (and after this) though they would dare at- 
 tempt nothing to their preiudice, who are now aboue two 
 hundred perfons, and doe increafo their number yeerely. 
 They find both the Land and the Seas there aboundino- m 
 all things needfuU for the vie of man, and doe gouel-ne 
 themfelues after a very ciuill and prouident manner. 
 
 Sir Ferdinando Gorge hath boene a chiefe man for the 
 furtherance of all things that might tend to the aduance- 
 ment of Neiv England, hauing beene at great charges thefe 
 many yeeres paft for the Difcouerie thereof, in doing 
 which (a good intention bent for .)ther ends, cafually 
 bringing forth this effe6t) the fiihing there (not fought for) 
 
 ^^^i°""^» Y^""^^ ^^^^ P^°^^^ "<^^ ^•^ profitable, as fortie 
 or httie hayle are imployed there from England yeerely, 
 and all that haue gone thither, haue made aduantagious 
 Voyages. ° 
 
 This lad yeere, he font his Sonne Captaine Robert 
 irorge with a Colonic to be planted in Mejfafuats bonds, 
 and as 1 heare out of a generous defire by" his example to 
 encourage others for the aduancement of fo braue an En- 
 terprize he is refolued lliortly to goe himfelfe in perfon, and 
 to carrie with him a great number well fitted for fuch a 
 purpofe, and many Noblemen in England, (whofe names 
 and proportions as they were marflialled by lot, may ap- 
 peare vpon the Map) hauing interefled themfelues in that 
 bounds, are to fend feueralT Colonies, who may quickly 
 make this to exceed all the other Plantations. 
 
 Hauing fundry times exa^ly weighed that which I haue 
 alreadio dehuered, and beeing fo exceedingly enflamed to 
 doe lome good in that kinde, that I would rather bewray 
 
 the 
 
32 
 
 tin enconram'mcnt 
 
 the weaknefle of my power, then coneeale the greatneffe 
 of my defirc, being much encouraged hereunto by Sir Fer- 
 dinando Gortje, and fomc vthers of the vndertakers for New 
 England, I fhew them that my Countrimen would neuer 
 aduenture in fuch an Enterprize, vnleffe it were as there 
 was a Neil) France, a Neic Spaine, and a New England, that 
 they might Hkewilc haue a New Scotland, and that for that 
 effedl they might haue bounds with a correfpondencie in 
 proportion (as others had) with the Countrey whereof it 
 Ihould beare the riame, which they might hold of their 
 owne Crowne, and where they uught bee gouerned by 
 their owne Lawes; they wifely conlidering that either 
 Virginia, or New England, hath more bounds then all his 
 Maieflies fubie6ts arc able to plant, and that this purpofe of 
 mine by breeding a vertuous emulation among-fl vs, would 
 tend much to the aduancement of fo brauc a worke, did 
 yeeld to my tlefire, deligning the bounds for inee in that 
 part, which hath brn)n qr ilioncd by the French, and lea- 
 ning the limits thereof to bee appointed by his Maiellies 
 pleal"ure, which are exprelied in tlie Patet granted vnto me, 
 vnder his great Scale of hisKingdome of Scodand, marching 
 vpon the Wefl. towardes the Riuer of Saint Croix now 
 7VtW(wherc the Frenchmen did dehgiie their firfl Habita- 
 tion) with New England, and on all other parts it is com- 
 pared by the great Ocean, and the great Ruier of Canada, 
 lb that though fimdry other preceding Patentes are ima- 
 ginarily limited by the degrees of the Heauen, I thinkc 
 that mine be the Hril National Patent that euer was cleer- 
 ly bounded within America by particular limits vpon the 
 Earth. 
 
 As foon as my Patent was pafl'cd, refoluing to take pof- 
 felTion of the Lands, that were granted vnto me, I proui- 
 ded my i'elfe of a ihip at London, in the moneth of March, 
 in Anno 1G22, but that the bufinefl'e might beginne from 
 that Kingdome, which it doth concerne, whereby fome of 
 my Countrimen might be perfwaded to goe, and others by 
 conceiuing a good opinion thereof, to depend by expecta- 
 tion 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 33 
 
 tion vpon the reports of fuch of their acquaintance, as were 
 to aduenture m that Voyage, I diredted her to go about by S. 
 G^eor^e* Channell, to Kircuhright, where Ihe arriued in the 
 end of May ; Some Gentlemen of that country, vpon whofe 
 tnendfliip I repofed moft, happening at that time to bee 
 a 1 0-2''' J^/ng*^lome, I encountred with fundry vnexpe- 
 6ted difhculties: the prizes of viftuals beeing within the 
 Ipace of three monethes, fmce I had parted before from 
 Scotland luddenly tripled, and yet fo fcarce as I could hard- 
 ly m hafte bee well furnifhed, yet fince I was fo far aduan- 
 ced, left I hould loofe that which was done, if I did not the 
 rclt 1 vfed the beft diligence I could to prouide the Ihippe 
 with all things neceffary. Then the very people fpecially 
 Artizens, of whom I flood in need, were at firft loth to ira- 
 barke for fo remote a part, as they imagined this to bee, 
 fome fcarce beleeuing that there could be any fuch bounds 
 at all, and no wonder, fmce neuer any in that part had 
 euertrauelled thither, and all nouelties beeing diftrufted, 
 or difualued, few of good fort would goe, and ordinarie 
 perions were not capeable of fuch a purpofe. 
 
 At laft in the end of lune, they parted from thence to 
 the He of yan, and after fome flay there, in the beginning 
 of Auguft, leauing the fight of his Maiefties Dominions, 
 did betake themfelues to the Sea. Though by reafon of the 
 latenelfe of their fettmg forth, they had the windes very 
 contrary about the middeft of September, they difcouerea 
 Saint Fetei's Hands, and were neere to Cape Bretton, but 
 yet were beaten backe againe by a great ftorme to Netv- 
 fomd-land And as they paffed by the Bay of Placentia, 
 negledling the occafion to place themfelues in foine part of 
 my bounds there as they might haue done, they went in- 
 to Samt lohns Harbour, where they concluded to flay that 
 Wmter, and fent the fliip home for a new fupply of fuch 
 things as were needfuU. 
 
 Though it might haue difcouraged mee much, that they 
 had retired to New-found-land, forefeeing that what they 
 had with them might be wafted, and that it would bee as 
 
 charge- 
 
34 
 
 All encouragement 
 
 % 
 
 chargeable and diflicult to furnifli them forth I'rom thence, 
 as if they were to goe of new from Scotland, yet rather 
 then they Ihould bee in danger for want of prouifion, ma- 
 kmg me any way guiltie of their loH'e, that had aduentu- 
 red their hues, trufting to my care, I fraughted a Ihippe of 
 purpofe furniflied with fuch things as were required 
 m a Note, which they fent home with their Meflenger. 
 This lliippe was difpatched by mee from London in the 
 end of March 1G23, but Ihee 'happened to Hay fo long at 
 P/immM</A, firfl, vpon fome necefl'ary occaiions,'and lafl by 
 contrary winds, it being the eight and twentieth of April, 
 before lliee parted from thence, hauing no good windes 
 at all, that they arriued not at Saint lohns Harbour, till the 
 fift of lune. At their comming they found the company 
 not lit for a Plantation which had firfl by an vnexpecled 
 caufe been deuided in two during the Winter, and in May 
 fome doubting of a fupply, had engaged themfelues to 
 feruc Fifliermen, by which meanes they gained their main- 
 tenance, and fome meanes befidc, fo that they could hard- 
 ly be gathered together againe, and their Minifter and 
 Smith (both for Spirituall and Temporall relpe^s, the two 
 mofl neceffary members) were both dead, fo that feeing no 
 hope to plant themfelues in any good fiifliion that ycere, 
 ten of the principall perfons concluded to go alongft with 
 the lliip to New Scotland, to dilcouer the Countrey, and to 
 make choice of a fit place for a Habitation againft the next 
 yeere, confidering very well, that they could not doe fo 
 much good by flaying there with fo few a number, as they 
 might doe at their returne, by reporting the truth to their 
 friends, of that which they had ieene, whereby a new Co- 
 lonic might be encouraged to fet forth well furnilhed, and 
 inflruiSled according to that which might bee learned by 
 their experience. 
 
 The three and twentieth of lune, they loofed from Saint 
 lohns Harbour, and fayled towards New Scotland, where 
 for the fpace of fourteene dayes, they were by foggcs and 
 contrary winds kept backe from fpying Land till the eight 
 of luly, that they faw the Wefl part of Cape Bretton, and 
 
 till 
 
 I- 
 
 I 
 
to Colon i('f{. 
 
 3.5 
 
 1. 
 
 till the thirteenth day, they faylcd alongrt the Coaft, till 
 they ranne the length of I'ort de Mutton, where they dil- 
 couered three very jpleafant Harbours, and went alliore 
 m one of them, which after the fliippes name, they called 
 Lukes Bay, where they found a great way vp a very plca- 
 fant Riuor, being three fathom deep at a low water at the 
 entry thereof, & on euery fide of the Aime they did fee very 
 delicate IMedowcs, hauing Rofes white and red, growing 
 thereon with a kind of wilde Lilly, which had a daintie 
 fmcl, the next day they relblued (coailing alongft the land) 
 to difcouer the nexc Harbour, which was but two leagues 
 dillant from the other, where they found a more ploalant 
 Riuer then the firft, being foure fathome deepc at a low 
 water with Medowes on both fides thereof, hauing Rofes 
 and Lilhes growing thereon as the other had, they found 
 witlun this Riuer, a very fit place for a Plantation, both 
 in regard that it was naturally apt to be fortified, and that 
 all the ground betweene the two Riuers, was without 
 wood, and very good fat Earth, hauing feuerall forts of 
 beries gTOWing thereon, -ts Goofe-beries, Straw-beries, 
 Hind-benes, Rasberies, and a kind of red Wine bcrie, as 
 alfo fome ibrts of graine, as Peafe, fome Eares of Wheatc 
 Barly and Rie growing there wilde ; the Peafe grow in a- 
 bundance alongft the Coaft, very bigge and good to eate 
 but did taftc of the fitch : this Riuer is called Port lolly 
 troiu whence they coafted alongft to Port Negro, beeinfr 
 twehie leagues diftant, where all the way as theV layled a- 
 longil, they fpied a very pleafant Countrey, liauing grow- 
 ing euery where fuch things as were obferued in the two 
 Harbom-s where they had bccne before. They found like- 
 wife in euery Riuer abundance of Lobfters, Cockles, and o- 
 ther Ihel-fiflies, and alfo not onely in the Riuers, but all the 
 Coall alongft, numbers of feuerall forts of Wild-foule, as 
 Wild-goofe, blacke Ducko, AVoodcocke, Crane, Heron 
 Pidgeon, and many other forts of Fowle which they knew 
 not. They did kill as they fayled along-ft the Coail great 
 ilore of Cod, with feuerall other ibrts of great fifhes 
 
 ^2 The 
 
 \ 
 
V 
 
 i 
 
 IM 
 
 ;i6 
 
 An cncotirngcment 
 
 The Countrie is full of Woods not very thickc, and the 
 inoft part Oakc, the rell are Firrc Spruce, Birch, with fomo 
 Sicanmorcs, and Afhes, and ma.iy other forts ^f Wood 
 which they had not fcene before. " Hauingdifcouered this 
 part of the Countrie, in regard of the Voyage their Ihip was 
 to make to the Straits with fiflies, they refolued to coaft a- 
 longft from Lukes Bay to Port de 'Mutton, being foure 
 leagues to the Eall thereof, where they encountred with a 
 Frenchman,i\\vii in a very Ihort time hacl made a great Voy- 
 age, for though he had furniilied one Ihip away with a great 
 number of fifties, there were neere fo many readie as to load 
 hinafelfe & others. After they had taken a view of this Port, 
 which to their iudgcment they foimd no waies inferiour to 
 the refl they had fecne before, they refolued to retire backc 
 to New-found-land, where their Ihip was to rcceiuc her loa- 
 ding of fiflies. The 20 of luly they loofed from thence, and 
 the feuen and twentieth thereof they arriued at Saint lolins 
 Harbour, and from thence failed alongfl to the Bay of Con- 
 ception, where they left the fliip, and difpatchcd tliemfelues 
 home in feuerall Ihips that belonged to the Well part of 
 England. 
 
 This is no wonder, that the French beeing fo flightly 
 planted, did take no deeper roote in America, for they as 
 onely delirous to know the nature and qualitie of the foile, 
 and of things that were likely to grow there, did neuer 
 feeke to haue them in fuch quantitie as was rcquifite for 
 their maintenance, affedting more by making a needlcfle 
 oftentation, that the World fliould know they had beenc 
 there, then that they did continue ftill to inhabit there, like 
 them, that were more in loue with gloric then with vertuc : 
 then being alwaies fubie6l to diuifions amongfl themfelues, 
 it was impofsible that they could fubfift, wliich proceeded 
 fometime from emulation or enuie, and at other times from 
 the lazineffe of the difpofition of fome, who (lothing labor) 
 could bee commanded by none, who would irapofe more 
 vpon theni then was agreeable with the indifferencie of 
 tneir affedlions and fuperficiall endeuours. 
 
 The 
 
 -.*. ■"- 
 
 1 
 
 
1 
 
 I 
 
 to Colonics. 
 
 
 The Enylish were free from thcle nuitinies, and wanted 
 not indullry enough, but either out of a cuflonic they haue 
 to trauell more for the benefit that doth How from grali'e, 
 then by maimring of the ground for Corne, or otherwife 
 if they were forced fo to doe by their Owners at London, 
 who enforcing a fpeedie returne by their labour, would 
 needs bo trufted with furnilhing of them victuals, they ap- 
 plying themfelues to Tobacco, and fuch things as might 
 import a prel'ent commoditie, neglecting the time that 
 might haue bceno employed for building, planting and 
 husbandrie, did liuc but like hired Seruants, labouring for 
 their Mafters, and not like Fathers prouiding for their Fa- 
 mily and Pofteritie, which can neuer be auoided till the 
 ground be inhabited by them, that being Owners thereof, 
 will truft it with their maintenance, and doe content them- 
 felues with the delight of that which may giue glorie to 
 them, and profit to their heires. 
 
 The Plantations in America doe approch ncerefl to the 
 puritie of thefe that (by an induftrious diligence) in the in- 
 fancie of the firft age did extend the multiplying generati- 
 ons of Mankind, to people the then Defert Earth, for here 
 tliey may poflTeffe themfelues without difpoflefsing of o- 
 thers, the Land either wanting Inhabitants, or hauing none 
 that doe appropriate to themfelues any peculiar ground, 
 but (in a fl;raggling company) runne like beafls after bealls, 
 fceking no foile, but oncly after their prey. And where of 
 old the Danes, Gaules, Gothes, Hiinnes, Vandals, Lonyo- 
 bards, and thereafter Sarazens, Ticrkes and Tartarians, did 
 (with an inundation of people) encroach vpon thefe places 
 of Europe, which were moll ciuill, and where the Gofpel 
 was beft planted, out of an ambitious enuie to draw vnto 
 themfelues the glory that any J^ation had formerly gained, 
 or out of an exorbitant auarice to fwallow vp their fub- 
 flance, and to vfurpe (if they had pr> .- or challenging right) 
 any Lands that were better then tL^ ' wn, as the moft part 
 did in Greece, Hungary, Spaine, Italy, and France. We here 
 goe to caufe preach the Gofpel where it was neuer heard, 
 
 F 3 and 
 
\ 
 
 38 
 
 An cnvnnra^emcnl 
 
 and not to rul)(lu() but to ciuillizo tlio Sauagcs, for their 
 mine could giuc to vs neither glory nor benetit, lincc in 
 place of fame it would breed infamio, and would defraud 
 vs of many able bofliea, that hereafter (bcfidcs the Chrilti- 
 an dutie in I'auinn; their foulcs) by thenifeluef or by their 
 Poftcritie may feruo to many good vfes, when by our 
 mcancs they Ihall learne lawfull Trades, and induflries, the 
 Authors whereof (though preucnting the like Superllition) 
 may acquire no lelVe rcuerence from them, nor in like cafe 
 of old Satnrnc, Bacchus, Ceres, and Pallas, by teaching to 
 plant Corne, Wine, and Oyle, did get from the credulous 
 Ignorance of them with whom they communicated their 
 knowledge. 
 
 When I doe conlider with myfelfe what things are nc- 
 ceffarie for a Plantation, I cannot but be coniident that my 
 owne Countreyuien are as Ht for fuch a purpofe as any men 
 In the world, hauing daring mindes that v[)on any pro- 
 bable a[)pearances doc defpil'e danger, and bodies able to 
 indurc as much as the height of their minds can vndertake, 
 naturally louing to make vfe of their owne ground, and 
 not trulling to traftiipie. Then Scotland ])y reafon of her 
 populoufneHb being conllraincd to disburden her fclfo 
 (like the painfull Bees) did cuery yeere fend forth fwarmes 
 whereof great numbers did haunt Pole with the moll ex- 
 treme kinde of drudgerie (if not dying vnder the burden) 
 fcraping a few crummes together, till now of late that they 
 were compelled, abandoning their ordinary calling, to be- 
 take themfelues to the warres againft the Russians, Turks,or 
 SivedenSyHH the PoloniansyvcvG pleafcd to employ the, others 
 of the better fort being bred in France, in regard of the an- 
 cient league, did finde the raeanes to force out fome fmall 
 fortunes there, till of late that the French though not alto- 
 gether violating, yet not valuing (as heretofore) that friend- 
 Ihip which was fo religioufly obferued by their predecef- 
 fours, and with lb much danger and loffe deferued by ours, 
 haue altered the ellate of the Guards, and doe derogate 
 fro our former liberties, which this King now raigning, we 
 
 hope, 
 
 I 
 
 - 
 
to CofonieA'. 
 
 39 
 
 4 
 
 lioj>o, will reftore to tho fidl intepfritio. The npcolkities of 
 Ireland arc nccrc fupplloil, and that ^roat current whicli 
 did tranl'port lb many of oin* {)eoplo is woriio dric. The 
 
 Lowe Countries hauc fnent many of our men, hut hauc en 
 
 gli 1"' 
 
 cy w( 
 did too much vilipend thcfe fauourable' Sj/rings hy wE 
 their wcakncH'e was chiefly rcfreflicd : But howfoeucr fome 
 
 ricliod few, and (thougli railintr their flight with fuch hot 
 rowed feathers, till they wore cliecked by a prefent dange 
 
 ich 
 
 particular men might prof|»er vnder a forrainc I'rince, all 
 that aducnturo fo, doe either perilh by the way, or if they 
 attaine vnto any fortune, doe lofe the fame byVome colour 
 that llrict lawcs vrgcd againll a llranger can ealily aflbord, 
 or elfo naturalizing themfeluc3 where they are, they mufl; 
 difclainie their King and Countrey, to which by time (the 
 obiect of their afte6tions altered) being bound to haue a 
 care of that part where there pofteritic nmll line, they turne 
 euery way llrangers, which ncccl'sitie impoied vpon them 
 to take this com'fo, and inconueniences following thereup- 
 on may bo prcucntcd by this new Plantation. And where 
 the Kiicottish Merchants before had no trade but by tranfpor- 
 ting Commodities that might haue becne imployed at 
 home, and oftentimes monie, to bring backc Wine from 
 France, and Pitch, Tarre, and Timber from the Eafler Seas. 
 Now only by exporting of men, Corne, and Cattle, they 
 may within a little time be able to furniih back in exchange 
 thefe things before named. As likewifc a great benefit 
 of fillies, Furres, Timber, and Metals, drawing forth our peo- 
 ple to forreine Traffique, wherewith they neuer haue bin 
 accuftomed before, and that to the great increafe of the 
 Cuftomes, helping hereby to enrich that ancient King- 
 dome, which of all the relt hath oncly loll by his Maiefties 
 greatneire, being hereby not onely defrauded of his owne 
 prefence, and of the comfort that his countenance did con- 
 tinually aflfoord, but likewife of many Commochties arifing 
 to any Countrie where a Court is Refident, as the vniuer- 
 fall poucrtie thereof (hauing few rich vnlefl'e it bee fome 
 
 Judges 
 
40 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 
 ludges and their Clerkcs) by a common complaint dotli 
 too fenfibly teftifie. 
 
 I haue newer remembred any thing with more admirati- 
 on then America, confidering fiow it hath pleafed the Lord 
 to locke it yp fo long amidft the depths, concealing it from 
 the curiofitie of the Ancients, that it might be difcouerei in 
 a fit time for their pofteritie, they were fo farre of old from 
 apprehending it by any reach of reafon, that the raofl lear- 
 ned men (as they thought) by infallible grounds, in regard 
 of the degrees of the Heauen, did hold that thefo Zones 
 could not be inhabited, which now are knowno to include 
 the moll pleafant parts in the World. This neuer came to 
 the knowledge of any Hebrew, Greeke, or Roman, who 
 had the moft able mindes to haue found out fuch a myfte- 
 ry : and howfoeuer fome would glofe vpon that Fable of 
 Platoes Atlantick Hand, I haue neuer oblerued any thing a- 
 mongft the Ancient Writers tending to fuch a purpofe, if 
 it be not thefe lines of Seneca the Tragedian, whereby hee 
 might (if not with a prophetick, yet with a poetick rap- 
 ture) deliuer that which he had a mind to make the pofle- 
 ritie expe6l, and was in poffibilitie to happen. 
 
 Venient annis 
 Secula/eris, quibus Ocearms 
 Vincula rentm laxet, Sf ingens 
 Pateat tellus, Tiphisque nouos 
 Detegat orbes; nee Jit terris 
 
 Vltima Thule. 
 
 Audit is a thing not yet comprehended by the courfe of 
 naturall reafon, how thefe parts of the World came firft 
 to be peopled : We muft grant ("according to the grounds 
 of Diuinitie) their people to be defcended ixomNoah, and 
 it is not long fince that (the Load ftone being found out)the 
 belt Saylers (fcorning as in former times to be onlycoallers) 
 haue brought the Art of Nauigation to that perfe<aion, that 
 they durft refolutely aduenture to fearch the molt remote 
 
 parts 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 41 
 
 parts in the Ocean, and if any had gone thither of purpofe 
 to inhabite, they would haue carried with them the moft 
 vfefull kindes of tame Cattle, fuch as Horfes, Cowes, and 
 Sheepe, whereof neuer any was found in thefe parts, till 
 they were tranfported thither of late yeeres ; but onely 
 fuch wild beafts as of themfelues might haue wandred any 
 where through vaft Forrefts, and Deferts : fo that I doe 
 thinke there mull bee fome narrow paffage vpon the Eaft, 
 towards Terra Aujiralis Incognita,i\oi yet difcouered,froni 
 whence people by time might haue come (croffing the 
 Straits of Magelane^ to inhabite Brafile, Chile, and Peru, 
 or rather I fliould thinke that there were fome Continent, 
 or Narrow Sea towardes the jN^orth, about the Straits of 
 Anien, from whence the firfl Inhabitants in America 
 might haue come ; becaufe the wild beafts that are there 
 are creatures moft peculiar to the North, fuch as Elkes, 
 Bears, and Beauers, which are known e to bee ordinary 
 with the RussianSftmA Tartarians; and I am the more con- 
 firmed in this opinion, when I remember of the Mountains 
 of Ice that come floting euery Spring alongft the Coaft of 
 New-found. Land, which (as it is likely) may difiblue from 
 fome Sea that hath beene frozen during the Winter time, 
 ouer which people, and wild beafts might haue commodi- 
 tie to pafte ; but this is a matter that can hardly bee deter- 
 mined by demonftration or reafon, therefore (all men for- 
 ming that which they know not, according to the fquare 
 of their owne conceits :) Wee muft leaue this to the vnli- 
 mited libertie of the imagination of man. 
 
 But the thing moft wonderfuU of ail is this, though now 
 it bee cleerely difcouered, that fo few are willing to make 
 vfe thereof; This doth chiefly proceed from want of know- 
 ledge, few being willing to aduenture vpon that where- 
 with they are not acciuainted by their owne experience, 
 and yet tliofe who haue not made triall themfelues, if they 
 will truft others, may bee abundantly fatisfied by the re- 
 ports of a number, who to Plant and Traftique doe yeerely 
 
 ^ haunt 
 
42 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 ?f 
 
 haunt thefe parts. If the true eftate of that which might 
 bee done at this time by the ioyning of fome reafonablc 
 company together were rightly vnderftood, then fo many 
 would not Hue at home as they do, lofing their time, where 
 they can make no benefit, and burdenable to them to 
 whom they are not vfefuU, rather admitted, then welcom- 
 med, the one thinking that their feruice Ihould deferue a 
 reward, and the other that their maintenance is an vnne- 
 ceffary charge, neither gaining, and both difcontented : 
 then would not fo many aduenture their iiues fr 'le de- 
 fence of ftrangers, whereby they fcarce can ac.^ .re that 
 which doth defray their owne charges, and howfoeuer the 
 hope of Honour may flatter a generous fpirit, there is no 
 great appearance by this meanes to prouide for a Family, or 
 for a Pofteritie. And if we rightly confider the benefit that 
 may arife by this enterprife abroad, it is not onely able to 
 afford a fufficient meanes for their maintenance, who can- 
 not conueniently liue at home, by disburdening the 
 Countrey of them, but it is able to enable them to deferue 
 of their Countrey, by bringing vnto it both Honour and 
 Profit. 
 
 Where was euer Ambition baited with greater hopes 
 then here, or where euer had Vertue fo large a field to 
 reape the fruites of Glory, fince any man, who doth goe 
 thither of good qualitie, able at firft to tranfport a hundred 
 
 f)erfons with him furniflied with things neceflfary, fliall 
 laue as much Bounds as may ferue for a great Man, where- 
 vpon bee may build a Towne of his owne, giuing it what 
 forme or name bee will, and being the firft Founder of a 
 new eftate, which a pleafing induftry may quickly bring 
 to a perfeftion, may leaue a fairo inheritance to his pofte- 
 ritie, who fliall claime vnto him as the Author of their 
 Nobilitie there, rather then to any of his Anceftours that 
 had preceded him, though neuer fo nobly borne elfwhere, 
 and if the vafteneffe of their hopes cannot bee bounded 
 within their firft limits, as foone as they haue ftrengthned 
 
 them- 
 
 1 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 48 
 
 themfelues for fuch a defigne, either by Sea or by Land, (in 
 regard of the large Countries next adiacent hereunto) there 
 doth alwaies reft a faire poflibiHtie of a further encreafe, ei- 
 ther for them, or for their fucceflburs ; and fo euery one of 
 inferiour fort may expe6t proportionably according to his 
 aduenture : The Merchants that are giuen to trade, where 
 can they haue a fairer ground for gaine then here ; and that 
 befides that which may bee expelled from fo fertile a Land 
 by induftry or husbandry hereafter, in prefent commodi- 
 ties,fuc'' as Cod fillies and Herring in the Seas, Salmonds in 
 the Riuers, Furres, Pype-ftaues,Pot-afties,and all that may 
 arife from the plentie of good Wood, Mineralls, and other 
 things though not knowne to ftrangers that onely coaft a- 
 longft the Lands, that may bee difcouered hereafter by 
 them that are to inhabite the Bounds, 
 
 Here thofe that are fo difpofed, without making a Mo- 
 nafticall retreate (free from a multitude of troubles) may 
 inioy the pleafures of contemplation, being folitary when 
 they will, and yet accompanied when they pleafe, and that 
 not with fuch company as (preffed by importunitie) they 
 muft difcontentcdly admit, but onely by them of whom 
 they haue made choice, and whom they haue carried with 
 them, with whom (as partners of their trauells) by mu- 
 tuall difcourl'es they may remember their former dangers, 
 and communicate their prefent ioyes : heere are all forts of 
 obiedls to fatisfie the varietie of defires. 1 might fpeake 
 of the fport that may bee had by Hunting, Hawking, 
 Fifliing, and Fowling, where all thefe creatures haue had 
 fo long a time for increafo, without being deftroyed or 
 frighted, as likewife of the great contentment that muft 
 come by daily difcoueries of new Fieldes and Riuers, with 
 the diuerfitie of things not feene before that may happen 
 to bee found in them : but I would rather haue all at firll 
 to thinke of the paines they muft indure, in bringing of fo 
 notable a Worke to perfection, lincc no good thing can be 
 had with eafe ; and all the fonnes of men are borne to la- 
 
 0-* hour. 
 
it^ 
 
 44 
 
 An encouragement 
 
 ■I '. ■' - 
 
 
 ,i i 
 
 J ' 
 
 f ' ii 
 
 k ' 
 
 bour. But leauing thefe wordly refpe6ls, the greateft 
 incouragement of all for any true Chrlftian is this, that 
 heere is a large way for aduancing the Gofpel of lefus 
 Chrift, to whom Churches may bee builded in places 
 where his Name was neuer knowne ; and if the Saints 
 of Heauen reioyce at the conuerfion of a Sinner, what 
 exceeding ioy would it bee to them to fee many thou- 
 fands of Sauage people (who doe now line like brute 
 beafts) conuerted vnto God, and I wilh leauing thefe 
 dreames of Honour and Profit, which doe intoxicate 
 the braines, and impo^on the minde with tranfitory 
 pleafures) that this might bee our chiefe end to be- 
 gin a new life, feruing God more fineerely then before, to 
 whom we may draw more neere, by retyring our felues fur- 
 ther from hence. 
 
 As I would haue no man that hath a mind for this courfe, 
 to abufe his iudgement, by trufting too much to the ferti- 
 litie of the bounds where he is to goe, and too little to his 
 owne prouidence, and induftrie, whereby he may be made 
 to neglcdl the preparing himfelfe for this Voyage after 
 fuch a manner as is requifite. So I altogether diflike 
 them that poffelfed with the prepofterous apprehenfions 
 of feare (like the lazie man of whome Salomon fpeaketh, 
 that pretending difficulties to preuent trauell, would fay 
 there was a Lion in the way) will needs imagine the worll 
 that is in poffibilitie to happen : for fuch a man (too inge- 
 nioufly fubtill in conie<fturing danger) doth bom by pre- 
 iudicated opinions difable hmifelfe, and difcourage'them, 
 who not being duely informed, are confirmed by the con- 
 fidence of other vndertakers, that profeffe to haue know- 
 ledge, there is no man at home where he was borne, fo free 
 from the accidents of fortune who may not quickly by a 
 publike, or by a priuate calamitie be brought in fome mca- 
 fure to fuffer, and much rather fliould wee arme our felues 
 with a high refolution againft all inconueniences that can 
 occurre in fuch a forraine enterprife (being circumfpe6lly 
 
 pro- 
 
1 
 
 to Colonies. 
 
 45 
 
 prouident, but not cofounded with a deie6ling fear) whero 
 the greatneffe of fo well grounded hopes for vs and for our 
 Pofteritie fhould make vs (hoping for pleafure) to difgell 
 any prefent paine, with a courage greater tlien can bee tra- 
 iled by any apprehended trouble. And becaufe the Lord in 
 fueh eminent Exploits doth commonly glorilie himfelfe 
 by a few number, I wilh that all fuch whole hearts doe mif- 
 giue them portending any difafter (like them of Gideons 
 troupes that bow^cd downc like beafts to the water) fliould 
 retire in time, ere the contagioufnefl'e of their intirmitie 
 come to infe6t them that are more foundly difpofed. There 
 is no iiift caufe for a reafonable man to feare any worldly 
 thing, but onely difgrace and want of necellary maynte- 
 nance : A man can hardly fall in the firll here, fince an 
 honourable intention what euer the fucceffe prooue mull 
 acquire prayfe, and the other by ordinary meanes, is eafie to 
 be auoyded, but I am fo I'arro from painting out a fuj>po- 
 fed faciUtie to fnare weake minds, that I would haue none 
 (with whom it is not fit to communicate more then they be 
 capeable) to imbarke in this bufines, but onely fuch as do 
 refolue againll the worft, for I poirelfe as Cato did, when he 
 was to enter the Deferts of Arabia. 
 
 -Neque enim mihijallere quenquam 
 
 Eji animus, tectoque rnetu perducere vulgus. 
 Hi rnihi Jirit comites, quos ip/a pericula ducent, 
 Qui me tefte, pati, vel quce trijlissima, pulchrwm, 
 Hoiiianicmque putant ; at qui fponfore fnlutis 
 Miles eget, capiturque animts dulcedine, vadat 
 Ad Dominum meliore via. 
 
 And laft Ihould not thefe memorable Exploits of late 
 performed in the Eaft and Weft Indies by the Flemmings, 
 cnHame vs with a generous ardour to equall, or rather to 
 exceede them, whole penuritie of people (eucn at home) 
 muft bee fupplycd by the fuperfluitie of ours : They haue 
 
 not 
 
\'i 
 
 II? 
 
 46 
 
 An encourageinent 
 
 not onelv in tlie Eaft Indies by leuerall Habitations appro- 
 priated large Territories to themfelues, but likewife to the 
 great preiudico of their Neighboxirs, improouing their 
 owne profit, haue engroffed the generall Commerce by 
 confequence depending thereupon. And if they feate 
 themfelues (as it is likely they will doe) in Brasill, pro- 
 uidently profecuting the good beginning that they haue 
 gotten by fparing people of their owne, or by mtere- 
 fting Strangers whom they dare truft for founding of a fuf- 
 ficient Colonic, that being ftrong enough to defend and 
 command the Inhabitants. (Securely exafting a due obe- 
 dience) may enable them ibr greater matters; then con- 
 fining with the very Springs whence the ftreames flow that 
 entertayne the power of their enemies (exhaufi;ing their 
 lubftanee both by Sea and Land) they haue a maruellous 
 faire occafion offered to aduance them felues by depref- 
 fing of the oppofed partie whofe profperous and defired 
 lucceffe (whilelt the adding to one doth derogate from 
 another) if not emulated m time, will be enuied here- 
 after. 
 
 1 know that many of my Nation yf they had beene as 
 willing as they are able had beene more ht then I am for 
 this purpofe, but yet it hath oftentimes pleafed God to doe 
 the greatefl; matters by the mcanoll Inftruments. And as 
 no one man could accomplifh fuch a Worke by his owno 
 priuate fortunes, fo if it fliall pleafe his Maieftie (2s he hath 
 euer beene difpofed for the furthering of all good Works 
 more for the benefit of his Subie6ls, then for his owne par- 
 ticular) to giue his helpe accuftomed for matters of lefle 
 moment hereunto, making it appeai'e to be a Worke of his 
 own, that others of his fubie6ls may be induced to concurre 
 in fuch a common caufo, no man could haue had my charge 
 that with more affe<Slion and finceritie fliould haue vfed his 
 endeuours for difcharging of the fame, but I mufl trufl to be 
 fupplyed by fome publike helps, fuch as hath beene had in 
 other parts, for the like caufe whereunto,a8 I doubt not, but 
 
 many 
 
to Colonies. 
 
 47 
 
 many will be willing out of the noblenelle of their clil'pofi- 
 
 tion, for the aduancing of lb worthy a Worke, So I hope 
 
 will fome others, the rather out of their priuate refpe6t to 
 
 me, who fhall continue as I haue heretofore done, botli 
 
 to doe and write in fo farre, fo raeane an abilitie as 
 
 mine may reach, what (I conceiue) may prone 
 
 for the credit or benefit of my Nation, 
 
 to whom I wifli all hap- 
 
 pinefle. 
 
 FINIS.