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Les diagrammes suivants iliustrent la mdthode. ita lure. ] 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 m4i in/rtn' AciOniiMK >•' tkr Atl ./ iht l\i,,, r/i,mmii,i rjfkl HuUnU and S.tvHiy .V/./.' by HAPa^nCb m tkt ''/»iv ■• f Ikt .^linistrr Kf . \fi^^^» ■» - ^^^'^^..^5 rj".'-.-ni».».»j.»j'^"^---'g-'-v.-»L----^--n.^^^ MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS, By W. E. HAMILTON, Esy scar, fxcitiii,.; fiilln and dfi-piT interest , nm onh- in tiie i)lder settlements of Ontario hut tliroii^liont tlie sisicji |)ro\iM(;os of ilie Dominion, tlie UnitctI Mates and i;inii|n'. In addition to wliat inav lu' called the eniii^'ratin;,'- class (( inhraiiii;; all ranks and ,L;rades of soc iet\-, from tin' riehe:-.t lo the |iooiest, and finm llu; most hi dd_\ <-nlti- \aled down to the illiterate peasant) another \( r\ ini- poitanl ami incrcasin;,' multitude make Muskoka liieii temporary home — we mean the tourists, tliost' biids of passage, who, like the swallows, annually cool them- selves by a mi;^ration to our northern fastnesses, and depart refreshed. There are also hunters, and trapjiers. and an.(,ders, and many other unclassified travellers, wlio visit Muskoka in ever increasing; numbers. .Ml these visitors with one consent cry out, " Give us ma]is, ^'i\c us somethinfj descriptive of Muskoka to guide us before we start for the North, and to retain as a souvenir o( our journey." The emif;ration agent in 15racebridge, .Mr. W. IC. Hamilton, reports a continual stream of such a[iplicants for maps and descriptive matter in Muskoka. while the Crown Lands agent, Mr. A. White, is similarly beseiged. The publication of the present atlas is designed to satisfy these urgent demands of land seekers, immigrants anil tourists, by giving them a trustworthy series of maps, one of which embrotes the whole free grant terri- tory, while the various townships are also mappeti sejia- rately. These ma})s have been lithographed from origi- nal drawings made by Mr. Jolin Rogers and his assistants, who personally traversed the whole ground and revised and corrected the government surveys, adding much topographical detail which was not given in the former mapi. The survey involved much personal fatigue and labor ; the result is now before the public. The govern- ment tov.n^hiii maps were of fir less use to the i;ind seekei than they might have i)cen, because the roads were not pl'^teil on them, and therefore as an itinerary to tlie settler ihi y weii useless. This delicieiicy has been h(,'ri' siipplicMi, and the land 1, Milter ran map out his journey before leaving Hrace- biidge, Ros.ncau oi I'aiiy Soimd. as the ease may be, to his future iiome. In a'ldition to the government roads. ;he statute labor load;, aic also gi\on. Dr.iwings from liie pencil (^f Mi. S. I'mson, an arcomjilislii'd artist, are .A>n presented, of the places of interest in the districts, OI' latliei let lis say, of the conjoint district, which in this iiitro liiction we shall iicnceforth, for shortness and to avoid I'umbrous phraseology, call Mi'skok.x — a name already so ajiplied for electoral purposes, with the same advantage of brevity. The maps, prepared regardless of e.\[)cnse and revised with frccpient and minute scrutiny, speak for themselves ; so far from their being subordinate or auxiliar}' to the descriptive matter, the latter is to be taken by the reader as subsidiary to the atlas proper. He should not, there- fore, e.xpect an elaborate treatise on Muskoka, which woidd have enormously increased the cost of the atlas without any jiroportionate boon to the public. Vet it is hoped that what follows will not only interest the reader's attention but aid him to reali/«e what sort of a country he is about to visit. .Ml available sources of information (.wliether the tiles of living and e.xtinct journals, the let- ters and oral jottings of settlers, or the pages of the " Undeveloped !'ortioiis of Ontario," published by Messrs. Kirkwood & Murphy, of Toronto) have been utilized, and no pains have been spared to expunge errors wherever deiccted. In the composition of the work the difficulty has been altogether out of proportion to its bulk, when printed. When the author traversed ground outside his own personal knowledge he was obliged to go over huge piles of printed matter and MSS. with a view to pick the solitary grain of wheat out of much chaff. Should any MUSKOKA AND PARKY SOUND DISTRICTS. Ideal or otlicr reader detect some error, he or slie will confer a favor on the autlior by coinmiiniratinj,' it to liini for corrt-'ction in suliscquent editions of tliis work. Mi;sk(-ka (wliicli term also cinhraccs I'arry Soinid, in this connection) has for its jniiicipal boundaries the Hob- cavKooii Koad on the east, the (ieorj,'ian Hay on the west, Lake Nipissinp and I'rench Kivcr on tlio north, and the Severn River on the soiitii. Our ncif^hbors, tlurefore. are the older settled portions of the counties of Sinicoe and \'ictoria, a jiortioii of the county of Peter- borou^ii, and Al^oina. On the north there seems to be no bar to our ultimate advancement till wo reach a cli- mate too cold and in too hif,di a latitude for af,Miculture, and it is well known tiiat most excellent land lies on the north of Lake Xipissint;. The extent (as computed from the areas of the various surveyed townships in Muskoka and I'arry Sound .i^'^cn in tlie " L'ndevclopcd I.,an sober bounds of reasonable hope. Takin;^' the limiting extremes of density of jiopu- 1,'Uion anionic the nations, states ami provinces above cited, we find that our free grant districts could sustain 460,000 people judged by the standard of Prince Ldward's Island, or 4,400,000 judged by that of Belgium. The inteiiucdiate returns from Switzerland and Denmark would suggest ])opulafions of 1,670,000 and 1,200,000 respectively. My estimate, therefore (published two years ago in the " Undeveloped Lands of Ontario"), of 100,000 souls, whereof Xo,ooo should live bv agriculture, and 20,000 by maiuifactuiing, commerce and other pur- suits, as the population which we might ultimately reach, is within a safe margin of sober forecast. We are reach- ing that limit by gigantic strides. Fourteen years ago a small church would have held all the jieople from the Severn to the (leorgian Hay; seven years later we (-(uild have filled Spurgeon's Tabernacle, now we outnumber the wliite population of Hritish C'olumbia. The ipiota- tions of experts place the present poi)ulation of these free grant districts between 2t),ooo and jo.ooo. Tiie writer li'ans more to the choice of the latter than the former figure. In his published estimate (two veais ago) he called the po|)iilati(Ui "over 20,000." Kcnu'iiibei ing the large intervening immigration, and guided by the le- turns of the number of (jualified electors at the niceiit general election, he rather leans to the number .50.000 as our present limit. The district is so lapidly hlliiig up as to necessitate a quinquennial census. We shall not, however, have long to wait for the next decenni.d enum- eration, anil i.s.si will show the free grant system to have been a pronounced success. Among the minor curiosi- ties of our census may be mentioned the possession of pagan Indians, real bom fulc and tolerably jiicturesque pagans in the Parry Sound district. As to the distribu- tion of our people by nationalities, we are thoroughly mixed. We have pioneers fnun almost every country in Europe. excci)t Turkey, the Hritish Isles being our main feeders, though we have a respectable German and Scan- dinavian contingent. This year it is to be hoped that a vigorous effort will be made to divert a fair share of the Mennonite innnigration to Muskoka. In addition, we have of course large numbers of native Canadians, not exrbuling those born in Muskoka, which swell our ranks ill ever increasing numbers, the average of five to a family being ludicrously below the mark in Muskoka. Until lately, take of English, Irish, Scotch eijual jiarts, sift thoroughly and add a dose of Canadians equal to the whole, would have been a good recipe to get at our Mus- koka mixtuie. Taking up a voter's list at random, it would now lie an even bet whether the na-ne of a given man was Canadian or from liie Hritish Isles. We have also a sprinkling of intelligent Americans and would like more. Within the last three years the immigration has shown a preponderating ( an.idian element. Reader, do you want to know first what sort of looking country Muskoka is? If you coiihl get a bird's eye view of the region from a balloon soaring over the centre, you would see between the Sevi rn River and the C.eorgian Hay, and stretching iiortliw.ird to Lake Nijiissiiig, a land of forests seamed with open spaces where the a.xe had let in the light of day, with I uge clearings free from stumps in its older pait.;, aii.i ;. .-reasing inroads even in the forest of its northern fringes. I'rom that towering height the -ock would not obtrude itself strongly on the view: a peculiarity of Muskoka rock, as compared for instance with that of the three kingdoms, being the f i SSB^SS^S BOBBaBBS^BSBSSSB^BBBBBB SSBB^SaSSSB BBBSS ^as '---^---'■-"^■'••---'-•^-•'-''-'■-•'■»»^-*-' MUSKOKA AND PARKY SOUND DISTRICTS. facility with which trees fiml fnotliold in tlie most tiny crevices, and tiiu nipidify witii wiiidi tliey clothe the naked crap. But till you soar above the region of cloud land, one Rreat "thin),' of IxMiity" and joy to the hus- bandman, a countless chain of lakes, would rleain here, there and everywiiere, pitting the surface of the land with liquid mirrors of every conccivaMe shape and contortion of outline. Mu-koka is cmiiifntly lake laud, a more de- scriptive name, we must confess, than the "clear sky land," now immortalized in the paj^'es of All the Year Round. Some of these lakes form a connected chain of navi- gable waters, and others are isolated; while some few seem to have no outlet nor any supply from rivers, bciiii^ fedi no doubt, mainly by under;,'round sprinj^'s. They vary in size from a tiny pond, which is only a lake by courtsey, to the huj^e proportions of Lake Ni|>issinf,'. Some, reseiidiling Muskoka Lake, are dark from some unexplained cause, and others (the Lake of Hays and Lake Joseph for instancel are clear and limjiid. They are f^cnerally decip, and almost always surrounded by a wall of dark fjrcen foliajj;e, unbroken except by clearinirs or by the occasional intrusion of rock. The lar>,'er lakes arc full of islands, Muskoka Lake being popularly said to have an island for every day in tlie year. Such islands occasionally, in their turn, contain miniature lakes. A very large proportion of the islands in our front lakes (Muskoka, Kf)sseau, anlc by stiamers, but as a rule the Muskoka rivers are very much broken by rapids or waterfalls, tliouf,'h the connectiiifj links of smooth water are f,'eiierally navi^^'aljle. The future will see these rapids evaded by tramway poita;;es, or boldly defied by the construction of locks; but to us of the present age they say, " thus far slialt thou go ami no further." Tiie Muskoka river, when ascended from the lake, is foniul to branch into two separate riveis, one being called th;' " South Hrancli " and the other the " North Hrancli." Kach of these is JToken b\ a series of unnavigable rapitls. The South Uram h forms tlic connecting link between Muskoka Lake and the Lake of l>a\s, 'I'rading Lake, and a whole family of small adjacent lakes and lakelets. The North Branch proceeds from the navigable chain of Mary, Fairy, and X'ernon Lakes. It is hard to say where the " river " ends, and the " creek" begins, in the descending catalogue, and a simi- lar difliculty besets one who would try to difference a small lake from a large pond. In fact " creeks," as we call them here, and hardly worthy of a name, would be historic rivers in Kurope, sanctitied by the genius of Scott, Hyron or Wordsworth, and echoing in the liouse- hold speech of millions of firesides, where the deathk'ss poet had brought such spots vividly before the stranger's eye in all their matchless beauty. Muskoka alioiiiuls with countless creeks, some few vanisiiing in the height of summer, but the vast majority siiarkling pei iiianentlv and with but slightly varying volume. Now, gentle reader, I must bring you to something on which all the abusive epithets in the ICnglish language have been poured out in lavish abundance, a hard, rug- ged, undeniable fact — the Muskoka rock. It is unfor- tunate that Muskoka, geologically, does not " put its best leg foremost," to use the old proverbial advice, but, on the contrary, seems to awe the wonld-be agriculturist, whether he enter the territory from Parry Sound or from Washago, by showing him the ujjland ground-floor of primeval rocks. He stands appalled. Committing the traveller's error denounced by Archbishop Whately, of too hasty generalization, and assuming that he sees but a prelude to aji unbroken sea of rocks, his dismal wail rings about : " How can I sow or reap on these crags ? Where can I even coax a scanty pasture for the hardiest sheep?" The immortal allegory is realized in our Mus- koka pilgrim. The giant Maul appears to test him. Feeble-minded and Keady-to-Jialt are paralysed, while Great- Heart goes on to coiKpier. Let us comfort the stranger. These rocky barriers, wiiich fiinge our terri- tory and frown on tlie inconu'i, are not true samples of .Muskoka land. This fact can be studied veiy well in Ikacebridge. The rock crops out at tiie right bank of the river, betsveen the balls and flie wh.irt, and elsewhere occasionally within the village lunits, but the level plain beyond the intersection of Dominion and .\Lmitoba streets is some forty feet deep, the top-soil beinj. of all varieties, from a sandj soil to clay, but very largely con- sisting of a rich clay loam, eighteen inches or two feet deep, without a stone or pebble. The same variety of soil is observable all over Mus- koka, and one comforling peculiarity of the Muskoka rock is its abruptly jutting nature — steeply ascending from the ground, st(;eply descending lielow it. As the same rock on the lake "^hore dips so rapidly that deep anchorage is afforded within immediate reach of land, so, in the soil, anchorage rich and ileep foi plant-roots is found so close to the rock, that splendid corn often rubs its pendent leaves against the stony wall. Many farmers have noticed that the best soil is near the rock, without knowing the reason, which is prob.'ibly due to a weather- ing of the feldsphathic ])ortion, which yields comminuted plant-food in a very available form. The rock is also a wonderful store house for heat, and a reservoir of moisture, which it gives out in time of summer dryness. It also serves to break the winds in all directions, and furnish a building material for houses, drains, fences, &c., which will be more and more utilized. I'lat io( k is lare, and so are field-stones, which, even in some |iarts of the three kingdoms, crop up in W(nking land which was ploughed in the days of Julius C.-tsar. A sufficient proof of the moist nature of the Muskoka rock is given by the healthy growth thereupon of the cypress and other trees, whose habitat is usually in swamps. Instances are common of large pine trees growing on the bare rock, and showing their hugh naked roots twining round it, and firmly wedged in some moist cleft of the crag. It is difficult to give an average of the proportion of good land in the districts, but we arc not over-shooting the mark in calling it Co per cent. And be it remem- bered that the rejected 40 per cent, includes swamps, many of which, at a trilling cost, could be reclaimed so as to make the most valuable portions of the farm. Even the rocky portion of this 40 per cent, is by no means ab- solute rock ; much of it would make excellent sheep-pas- tures, though too broken to be ploughed. And the On- tario Government, in the case of a single man, nntkes an additional Free Grant to cover the rock and swamp, so that he shall have 100 acres of cultivable land, alto- gether. B^ MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. The Muskoka rock lesnnliliii;; ^rJi'i'tc, and called " gneiss," nci)lo{,'ically, is, like tlie former, a coiiipnuiid of three distinct substances- (jiiart^, niiia and granite. Sometimes one of these elements is found predominating,' or alone, and tiius we ha\o (juart;; seams, feidsphathic rock, or stones wiiich arc almost puie mica. This "gneiss" rock is the most abundant in the Muskoka district, but there are vaiielies of allied rocks associated with it, and, though the mineral exploration of Muskoka can liardly be said to be ctimmenced, yet a beginninij has been made, sufficient to inspire hope of futme commer- cial returns. Gold has been found in the nugget form, though of small size, in Gravenhurst and in the Town- ship of Stevenson. A small nugget from the former locality was examined >.-j the writer, and found to be, undoubtedly, the royal metal, in considerable purity. The discovery was made accidentally, in the debris of ex- cavated earth from a well in (iravenhurst, by Mr. Neil Livingstone, in the spring of 1877. This gold was some- times iinbeddeil in fiagments of rock, and sometimes free. Gold also in the solid rock has been worked near Kosseau. Gold-bearing pyrites, and some very pure samples o iron ore, may also bo included in the list of minerals. The writer has in his i>osse-.sion a sample of iron ore, from Stisted, which Prof. Crc^ft, of Toronto, was kind enough to analy^je, and pronounced to consist of almost chemically pure iron, wiili a trace of manganese. He is also indebted to Prof, Croft for the analysis of a mineral which had all the appea.ance of plumbago, but which turned out to be molybdenite. Indeed, the Professor has, most liberally and prom[)tly, respoiuled on several occasions to recjuests for information as to Muskoka minerals. Geologists can only overcome the proverbial dilliculty of "proving a negative " as to Muskoka min- erals, in the case of coal, and no doubt probably lignite, the .iljsence of which we luust except as a fmalit) . As to plumbago, m.ingaiiese, and a host of other minerals, such a large area of tiie Muskoka rock is covered by forests, that he must be a rash prophet who would venture to deny the possibility or even likelihood of their discovery after large clearings become the rule, and the attention both of our own people and of outsiders has been turned to explore the bowels of the earth for the treasures which underlie the barren (ilaces of its surface. Even as to the existence, at some future time, of gold in paying cjuantities in Muskoka, nothing negative can be inferred by any but the ilimsiest reasoner from the failure to find a paying gold-held at Gravenhurst by the simple process of random well-digging. The accidental discovery of Gravenhurst gold was useless without a combination of capital and scientific skill to develop the treasure. Both were lacking. If an expert had been called in to trace th" exact bed-plane and winding of the gravel where the nugget had been discovered, and to de- termine whether an infiltration from Gull Lake might not have caused a subterranean channel to the lower water, along the course of which channel an accumula- tion of the precious metal could be looked for — a very different sequel might have been ours to record today. None of these things seem to have been thought •^', the delving and washing ended — as all such unscienti md blindfold efforts generally end — in failure. .Many nad the most absurd ideas about this gold field. They heard that gold had been found in Gravenhurst in a certain well; they rushed out per N. K. R,, asked peremptorily for the visible nuggets, sternly peered into the ground with magnifying glasses, and, having found nothing yel- low or glittering, voted Gravenhurst a fraud, and every one connected with Muskoka an embryo Harnum. Such simpletons from the front were to be seen thronging the (iravenhurst hotels during the gold excitement in 1877. More intelligent observers washed a panful of the gravel, loimd that a little heavier residuum was found in the liottom of the pan, dried it and examined i. with a mag- nifying glass, found no yellow grains tiierein, and voted the Gravenhurst Opliir a delusion. The delusion sprung :rom the ignorance of these explorers as to the simplest r.icts and principles of gold mining. The non-appear- ance of visible gold (whctiier in luiggets or otherwise) is no proof whatever of the unprofitable nature of a gold field. .\11 that glitters is not gold, and some things which do not glitter contain it. Yellow mica and iron or cop- per-pyrites, have often deceived the greenhorn, while Uana, in p. J2i of his " Mineralogy," tells us that " Masses of quartz, with no e.xternal indications of gold, examined in the above way [crushing and hand-panning], afforded an average of more than eigh'. doliurs to the bushel of gold rock." Dr. Dawson, Principal of McGill College, Montreal, in his "Acadian Geology," 2nd edition, p. 625, says: "The gold deposits of tiie river Cliaiidieie, in Lower Canada, afford another instance in wliicii, while individual search has proved quite iniprolilaljle, washing operations on a large scale, with the aia of machinery, have repaid the capital employed. * * *" [P. 6.j(j] "Those veins and parts of veins which contain many 'sights' or visible portions of gold, are less rich in dis- seminated gold than those which are deficient in visible gold. Some of the richest veins, indeed, rarely show visible gold, while others which contain nuggets are, in other respects, very poor." Indeed, when we think, as Dr. Da^v' on has well suggested, of the millions of quartz- veins intersecting the rocks of a granite country, com- bined with the fact that perhaps only one in a million of these is gold-bearing, the woniier is, not that so few gold-veins are discovered, but that discoveries are ever Ljgjmmftj B LWj j j gi ^SS '■■vkvwi^aBagB .j»jj-»-»jj-»j-»jijj-»jji>>:*-»jj»-»!-»-'»-'»-"jjj-' ass^S iJ»MM^m.mja ^ made, more especially in a new country like Muskoka, where the bush hides its mineral treasures. Capital and patience are both needed; no hasty explorations will suffice. The discoverer of the rich Wine Harbor dejiosit in Nova Scotia spent two years in findin}; out that gold deposit. One encouragini: feature of future f,'olii explo- rations in Muskoka, is the aid furnished to the modern miner by the gigantic strides of chemical discovery. The chlorine process extracts gokl from 10,000 times its weight of poor materials, and tiie still more ini[)ortant discovery of the sodium-cpucksilver amalgam util > re- jected tailings of deserted claims. Poor sands an., rock which would have been scornfully rejected twenty years ago can be now made to pay. Parsing back from gold to the baser metals, we see that the presence of iron is very marked throughout the free grant districts, so nnuh so as occasionally to puzzle surveyors by local attraction of their magnetic needles, and there seems nothing to forbid the manufacture of steel ingots out of the pure iron ore, recently described, by the aid of charcoal made from adjacent hard wood. Such an industry has been profitable even under the hands of Hindoos and savage Maoris. The metallurg\ and mineral future of Muskoka is lull of hope. Witluui' delaying to glance at the discovery of yellow ochre in Bracebridge, let us record the presence, in certain locali- ties (the Parry Sound Road, Magnetewan, and on the shores of Whitestone Lake"*, of limestone. Imported rock lime, though its price has been reduced from 55c. to 29c. per bushel ii. Iiracebiidge, nuist always be ex[ ..n- sive by reason of the heavy freight. It is satisfactorv to know, therefore, that such limostone centres exist to su|i- ply circles, the radii of which extend so far that the advan- tage in freight practically excludes the inipoited article. The native limestone is crystallized, in fact at White- stone Lake and Hagerinan, there is a smooth and beautiful rock, owned by Mr. G. Kelsey, near the Nar- rows, which has all the appearance of the whitest Carrara marble, though its coarser texture is said to bar its use to supersede ordinary marble. The native lime is much stronger than the imported and will bear a far larger addition of sand. At the. time of the writer's residence near Whitestone Lake, the result of the burning was very inferior to what it might have been, owing to the clumsy construction of the kilns, and the ignorance, on the part of their owners, as to the proper mode of burning and even slacking this peculiar limestone. The thanks of all concerned in the .'\tlas are due to various officials and others, who have aided the work. Messrs. J. llwait Lount (Registrar), Aubrey White (Ciown Land .Vi'ent), in Bracebridge; Messrs. Frank Foley and Thomas Mc. Murray, occuping similar positions in Parry Sound; William Beatty, Esq., Parry Sound; James Beyer, village clerk, BracebriX". r * ~ i .- « - » ^ . gg' » ' « - « - « -tfar«Tir«-«-«-«-«- « - » - » - « - « -«%'»%'.'.'.''^^^ MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. of the current as it approaches the upper side of the abutments of the hriti>,'e. Tiirninj; from this glimpse of lake-hKe phicidity, let the tourist step to the south-west- ern liaiid-rail of tiic bridge, and hnd a transformation effected. Glassy stiMness and gloomy darkness of water are succeeded by white sparkHng foam, and the turmoil of the fretted element, in all its "tempestuous loveli- ness." Water in every conceivable shape and contortion is here ; sometimes thundering over some jutting crag which has defied its power from century to century, or again striking against a hidden splinter of gneiss, and throwing up a fountain of foam and spray to sparkle in the summer sun. The gradations of c(jlor in the water vary from the sombre and almost stygian tint of the Muskoka river, in its normal state, to abstjlute whiteness, according as it is more or less furiously pulverized by its impact on the rocky bed of the torrent. The rocks, during a portion of the descent, show a smooth, sloping plane, while elsewhere they aie irregular and shapeless crags. Everywhere the dark, and some- times ferruginous, color gives a sombre setting to the succession of white foaming leaps by which the north branch of the Muskoka River at length gains the peace- ful and oval basin of the ISracebridge liarbi>r. The summer scene is often very striking from this side of the bridge. Ueyoiid the basin or h.irbor, on the left b.ink, lies a dark, [)ine forest, while the opposite side is is divided into three separate falls by two islands) is best approached from the right bank, whence the "gorge" can be seen in full operation, while the two other falls are insignificant images of their volume in the season of Hood. The scenery ihrough which the traveller walks in reaching the right bank of the falls is very peculiar, and rather different from what he might anticipate. Un- less just at the water's edge, very little rock is visible during the a .cent ; on the contrary, he mounts the sum- mit of the falls b\ a road cut through a vast hill of clay soil, e.\ti;nsi\e enough to supply brick clay for a large town. The tableau at the summit of the rock is (piite uniipie. Standing, or, better still, lying on (Jiie's face, and peering over a rocky parajiet one hundred feet above the ba.-,in, with the music of tlie "gorge" sounding sono- rously to the K ft, a imble basin of water (which, from that height and distance, seems almost motionless, but which, toward the foot of the more distant falls, is lull of d.uigeroiis and deceitful eddies) is beneath us. Its contour bends gracefully till it blends into the curv- ing bank of the river, which seems like some vast silver snake in the brilliant sunlight ; then further on, down through the trees, is seen a long and p'crlectly straight canal < f -Nature's construction, with walls of the deepest green ioli.ige hemmii.g it in troin sunlight. The whole coiintrj- parallel to the b.iiik of the river seems as if it had been at one time under water, wlien the Muskoka rock)' near the water's eilge, ami sandy beach. The blue ! River must have been a majestic and mighty torrent, curl of a smoke-wreath moves along and between the I Low plains, and shrubbery of birch and ha/el clothe the trees, tracing the course of the incoming steamer as she ' right bank of the river below the High I'alls, while the Hears the harbor. Steamer and river are alike invisible j opposite side is covered to the water's edge with the to the ga/er from the bridge, till at length the graceful "murmuring pines and the hemlocks." " Nipissing" disgorges her living freight at the wharf. But, taken all in all, perhaps the honors of monarchy ( )tlier aspects are presented by the Bracebridge Falls, : must be given to the South Falls, when the rival attrac- when biitterHies and summer birds have given way to j tions of these torrents arc fairly weighed in the balance, snow-tlakcs, and when the white foam of the falls is | One spcciahy presented by the South I'alls (^about eclipsed by the yet more da/<;ling whiteness of snow-clad three miles from Bracebridge on the Gravenhurst Road) ice banks, which, gradually growing as winter progresses, fin.illy all but meet over the water's edge. in spring, the water is at its highest, and thousands of logs come thundering over the basin, which is finally so is that of unexpectedness. The tr.iveller comes on the cataract unawares. He has not just mounted a steej) hill, as in his last journey. He is tlri\iiig along a com- paratively level road, with iioihing whatever to suggest filled that an active man can walk across the iloating i cataracts, in the surrounding scenery, when suddenly he lloor from bank to bank. Some idea of the terriffic < pulls up at the South I'alls Bridge, and the raging scene power of the water forces itself oi; the spectator's mind j of boiling waters almost takes away his breath. Deai- when he sees a huge log which a yoke of oxen could j eiied by their thunder, da/zled by their ujjriaing spray, scarcely move dashed like a leather from rock to rock, i confused by the suddenness of the appaiition, he gladly anil sometimes split into pieces with the resistless thud i turns, to collect his thoughts, toward the upper poitiou of the concussion. \ uf the river. He sees that this cataract dilfeis fiom its So much for the Bracebridge I'alls on the north branch I rivals in having an upper as well as a lower basin, the of the Muskoka River. Let us ascend this branch, pass- i soil on the left upper bank having been scooped out iiig minor falls, till, at a distance of about four miles, we into a small lake, which boasts a little tree-clad island, reach the High Falls. In the dry season this fall (or I Looking still higher up the river, he sees in the distance rather assemblage of falls, for the total volume of water | another wateifall which seems an incredibly tiny parent 8 MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. for the immense cataract behind him j and here, to calm the impatient statistician, we may say, in round numbers, that from the bridge to the lower basin is i.noo feet, and that the descent is loo feet. The writer had seen the falls from the bridge in the winter for an instant, but his first perfect inspection was in the summer. He ac- cepted an invitation from C. \V. Moleswortli, C. E., to accompany him on liis official visit of inspection to the government works then (and still) in progress at the falls, under the able direction of Mr. Gunii. The scries of rocky waterfalls, however attractive to the searcher for ..;e picturesque, has been a grievous drawback to the lumbermen, so much so that Mr. lioyd, who had in- tended operatiiig largely in S(|uare timber, was forced to give up the project owing to the non-erection of a timber slide. The loss to the luinbeiinen is two-fold: first, the direct loss from the cruel Innising (often amounting to total destruction) which the logs receive in their descent to still water; secondly, and perhaps chiefly, the loss arising from delay, the logs having to run the gauntlet, while descending, of narrow gorges, one of which is (say) thirteen, and another seven feet wide. Hence jams are sure to ensue, and a tediouj process of warping them out of the jams by windlasses, etc. (during which trees growing on the tops of the rocks come in very conveni- ently zs fulcra to support the strain), becomes necessary, causing a delay which may last for weeks. The work now in progress, when completed, — as it is hoped, in time for next season's drive, — will give lumbermen a timber slide capable of delivering logs in safot\, and at the rate of more than 600 per hour, to still water, 'i'lie slide will be built along the left bank of the river, and will neces- sitate about 4,000 cubic \artls of blasting. The blasting averages 18 feet depth of drilling per blast per day of ten hours. Mr. Moleswortli is a veteran in the engineering profession, and, to dispel the idea that his office is a sinecure, it may be mentioned that on the day preceding that of this inspection he levelled over eleven miles of railway, then proceeded to Bracebridge, and on the .;ist of August, 1S78, travelled over three miles of the hilly and horribly "rutty" old road to Graveidiurst, made his inspection, and levelled over 1,100 feet, traversing rough and slippery crags, to slip from which would be instant death. On his return to IJracebriilge he found a tele- gram summoning him back to Toronto by the first train. Such a rushing work would try the nerves of one twenty years younger than this veteran engineer of over eighteen jears" standing in the Puldic Service. .\ few more words on the scenic aspects of the South l".ills ; lielow the bridge tin; water precipitates itself by two perpendicular leaps, fnUowed by comparatively level basins, into a gradually coiuiacting chasm, aii])arently eight feet, but really thirteen or fifteen feet witle. On the right bank a vast, almost perpendicular, smooth, dark, iron-colored rock is intersected by ligiiter colored seams, apparently mixtures of quartz and rosy feldspathic crystals. Near the angle where one of these seams in- tersects the water, and cutting the former at right angles, a new glory shone over the scene on the morning o'" the writer's visit — a veritable rainbow, partly across the foaming and comparatively level wedge of water at the base of the second fall in the series. The infinite variety of rainbow tints pa' tly hiil the sombre ledges which in- clined transversely to the slope of the fall, and wreaths of rainbow seemed blown by the wind across the higher parts of the rock, trickling not only from spray but from infiltration of surface water through the strata. Out of reach of the cold damp portion of the rock, young maples and birches were tlouiishing in front of a scree of pines. Uelow the last of the scries which comprise the South I'alls, is a basin with a background of unbroken pine forest. The geological aspect of the left bank of the river is different : crags of what resemble grey sand- stone appear in company with others, daz/ling the eye by their micaseous glitter. As the writer stood spell-bound by this glimpse of fairy land, amid so much stern and wrathful scenery, mentally iiliotographing the rainbow, and, be it confessed, hopeless of tiescending lowei' over the confused labyrinth of crags and tangled undergrowth, the solitude was sud- denly enlivened by the sight of a grave and venerable man, whose locks showed the whitening hand of Time. In fact, Mr. Sinclair, an old and resjiected resident of the South balls village, was seen arising and hopping with goat-like agility from rock to rock. He, by his agile bounding, comforted the writer, who descended, and was pulled again up the face of a giant boulder by Mr. Sinclair, who showed him new points of view, till finally we reached the bottom of the cascade, and after a last upward glance at its snowing turmoil, we turned to inspect the floor of shingle, which consisted of water- worn stones from the size of an egg to that of a man's head, of all colors, and smooth, some being actually pol- ished. This ]iolisliing was the laborious result of cen- turies of friction on the rocks, and some very rc^maikable round pockets or cujjs were seen worn in tiie rock by the perpetual rubbing of imprisoned pebbles. It is a curious geological speculation to explain the share which the abrading action of damp ,ind frost may have played in the formatinn »A,»>»,>^^^ MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. 9 up a comparatively easy path to the villaf^e, and as we watched seven men armed witli crowbars, up to their middles in the water above the brid^'c, wrestlinj,' with an isolated boulder stubbornly imbedded in the river bed, I thought of my visit to Niaj:;ara fifteen years ago, and could not help contrasting the social surroundings of the two scenes. Here all was quiet, no swearing, no drunk- enness, but much unobtrusive courtesy. The villagers did not think necessary to gape at each tourist, or even at a journalist, as at a gratuitous peep-show. There was no guide with his monotonous dionii:^' rci)i:tition of guide-book platitudes, but on the contrary my cicerone indicated the point of view and then retired, knowing that we worship best before Nature's temple in silence. But think of Niagara with its greedy extortioners — the man who wants yon to believe in and buy Niagara (Derb\ - ! shire) spar; and the second man who doesn't hel]i you i on witli your oil-cloth suit and wants a dollar ; and the j third man who looks on at the second and wants a quar- ter; and the cabman, perched on an emiiu-'nce like the queen of the Harpies, and gloating over the thought that he is charging you three times the lawful fare. ■ One addition, indeed, to the natural charms of all Muskoka scenery, is that quiet and freedom from pertina- cious bores which it is possible for the tourist to enjoy. We have only given our readers a glimpse of the natural beauties of Muskoka. Let them till in the details for themselves by personal inspection. They will return to the bricks and mortar of the city with renewed vigor of body and pleasant images of the glories of Nature, to be renewed in their memories during each annual Muskoka holiday. Having now finished his address to the pleasure-seeking visitor, whose oidy object is to enjoy bracing air and beautiful scenery, and whom we might call the landscape tourJst, let the writer ne.xt include THE SPORTSM.\N, whether he be hunter, angler or trapper, among the list of hi? pupils. Sportsmen may be roughly divided into veterans and greenhorns. To the veterans he has little to say. It is not for him to teach a hunting or a fishing patriarch the mysteries of woodcraft or of angling. The tyro will learn more in the course of one day's journey under the guidance of our Bracebridge si)orting Gamaliel, Mr. \V\n. Higgins, than he could from tiie jiagcs of a library devoted to minuti;e of the rod, field, and gun. One 'item of advice he would vc^y sirun,i^ly press on all such intending visitors to Muskoka. Write to Mr. W. Higgins, if possible, at least a fortnight before starting. He is a veteran of about forty-five years' standing as a huntrr And angler. He knows the bush, the lake, the river, the creek, and their dumb inhabitants, thoroughly. During the course of a sporting lifetime, he has gathered up thousands of practical hints, those little things which make the difference between success and failure, about the ways and secret habits of the bear, the deer, and the pickerel. He has receivetl honorable mention in this connection from the pen of Mr. Hallock, the autiior of the Sportsman's Gazette, an excellent and widely known sporting text book. He can also refer to Mr. Lauder, cattle breeder, Rochester, N. Y., and Dr. Paddock, New York. Tell Mr. Higgins what you are going to do, whether to fish or hunt, and how many will conip'^se the party, and what guns, tents, or dogs you possess, also whether you are pressed for time; in short, make a clean tneast to him of your aims and requirements. He will then advise you as to what to get in each particular case, and, if recpiested, can furnish whatever you may require better and cheaper than you can \JJ.*-»J.»A»>JJ>>>>>J>.-U»A^^^ >-«!J!J»J!J-»-»-1JJUW. ^-^-»-»-»-.-.=»=»»g.Bg»A.........,j-.gg»ggga 10 MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. deer-huntinp, for they are sure to bring tliem naturally. Bears may be legally shot at any time, though the skin is most valuable in the fall. Hears have been very abun- dant this year (1S7S), and have come into the clearings, owing to the flooding of the swamps and scarcity of ber- ries. Over forty bear skins were shipped by Mr. Beatty from Parry Sound. The trapper can find mink, beaver, fisher, martin, and musk rat, not far from Bracebridge. An Indian recently made a handsome sum of money by trapping for mink, musk rat, and bank beaver, on the south braixh, some four miles from Bracebridge, which village is the centre for all these fishing and hunting expeditions. The writer has undertaken the tedious task of collect- ing and summarizing those portions of the official reports of surveys of townships which refer to fishing, and whence the following anglers and trappers' vude mecum is gathered : " Muskoka Lake abounds with fish, salmon trout and bass being the most valuable. The Muskoka Kiver, in Oakley, abounds with large speckled trout. Trading Lake abounds in fish ; speckled trout of the first descrip- tion are there caught in great abundance by the Indians; the woods abound in wolves, deer, otter, mink, inavtin, fisher and beaver. The Lake of Bays is a deep and clear lake, abounding with white fish, lake trout, and speckled trout. The lakes and streams in Huniphrey abound with fish in variety, as salmon and speckled trout, white fish, pickerel, bass, perch, etc. ; deer, rabbits and partridge are especially plentiful. Tlie lakes all through Ferguson are of clear good water, and abound in all the varieties of fish usually found in the waters of Cieoigiaii Bay or Lake Huron. Ah-Mik and So-Sebe Lakes ^Cliap- man) abound with excellent fish, consisting of bass, pickerel, white fish, and speckled trout, the latter arc frequently met with in some of the smaller streams ; deer are quite plenty, numbers have been taken by the Indians, and latterly by other hunters ; other game compara- tively scarce. We met several signs of the moose deer — I saw one, a fine, noble looking animal. Knund Lake (McMurrich^ is well stocked with salmon trout, whereas bass, pickereb etc., abound in Big Lye Lake, and in the Magnetewan speckled trout are also to be met with. Fish abound in Lake N'ipissing and South River. In the former they consist of pike, bass, white fish, salmon, and sturgeon. South Kiver and some of the smaller streams afford that beautiful fish, the speckled trout." So much for the ipsisshiia verba <.)f the surveyors. It may be added that in reply to the queries of the Select Standing Committee of the Dominion Parliament on Im- migration and Colonization, twenty-three competent witnesses testified to the general abundance of brook and salmon trout, white fish, bass, pickerel, maskinonge, pike, &c., in the electoral district of Muskoka, while Mr. Begg said (as to McMurrich), " Salmon trout, bass, white fish, herring, &c., are tolerably plentiful. Deer are to bo 'ound in the neighborhood, but are being rapidly exterminated by rapacious pot-hunters and wolves. Severe restrictions should be placed on the former, and a bounty offered for the sciljis of the latter." Mr. George Kelcey has kindly supjdied the writer with the following items, >vith reference to W'hitestone Lake and the Township of Hagerman : " Around Whitestone Lake, before the country settled up, were the hunting grounds for the Indians, who killed large quantities of deer; the deer made it (the neighbor- hood of the lake) their w inter (piarters. I went down the lake on the ice one morning, was away about 2\ hours, and counted 55 deer. They are not so thick now, but still there are great quantities which cross it on their way further north. Last winter (icSjj-'jS), as near as I could calculate, by their fresh tracks across the lake, there must have been about 3000 wliic crossed my lot, which is the principal run-way for them. They don't stay round the lake now as they did formerly. " The lakes abound with fish in this township. White- stone, Shawanaga and Limestone Lake, contain pick- erel, white fish, herring, suckers, catfish, i\:c. High Lake, Upper Lake and Lorrimer Lake, contain salmon trout and other fish, but not pickerel. Pickerel and trout are not found together. The fish are easily caught. The settlers take great quantities of pickerel about the middle of May, catching them with their hands at the foot of the rapids. I went to look on one night, taking a man and boy with me, who caught about 800 lbs. of pickerel in about i^ hours. Quantities of herring are cauglit at the Narrows (the narrow channel connecting the two arms of Whitestone Lake), in the village of Dun- cliurcli. In Nov., '77, about zzi.)o lbs. were caught by one man in his nets in about 14 days. They are not (juite so plentiful now. The herring sometimes will weigh as much as 2 lbs., the pickerel as high as 2.0 lbs. I caught eight myself that wei;,died y7 lbs." The writer of this descriptive portion of the Atlas readied Hagerman too late in the autumn of 1874 for any fishing experiences. He saw evident signs of the presence of deer around Whitestone Lake. The mar- ginal belt of underbrush showed evidence of having been cropped by the deer standing on the frozen surface of the lake during the previous winter. The bones of deer were also picked up, and these same Jiones, gnawed into sharp sjiliiiters by the field mice, were a gri(;vtuis niiisaroi; to barefooted boys or moccasiiied men. During the winter an Indian camp was pitched at the opposite side of the road from the residence of Mr. G. Kelcey, where the wiiter then lived. Wading as best S ■*•■— '■^■*^^^^-'-^^-^*-*~*' ^- ^ - ■ - ■ - . - . -^.V>>>>>.«.<»J'>>>>>-».»-»jjjjjjj.iL»j-i^^^ ijBjuiaj < ID h < u > z m < o- W> 3 s u z H Z o tn -I ■i. ;# ■='°*'-^-^-^-*-^^-T-T-^-''-'^*-'-*-'^'r^:T:'-T:V-*-^^ Vm'yjV»'VJ'm''^m'm''t' Ba ■■'-'-'---■'; rjVa'WM MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. II lie mi;,'lit tliroufjh the deep snow, the writer followed his Iiuliaii guide, whose skill in woodcraft enabled liim to find an instant clue to the labyrinth of trees, by certain small nicks made on the bark with a tomahawk, and so placed as to be visible each from its adjoining neigh- bors. Having reached the camp, a striking scene broke on the view. Tiic Indian, with that oxcpiisite instinct which seems his heritage, had pitched his tent in such a position with reference to a very large square boulder, that the camp was completely sheltered from the wind and cold. Between the boulder and the camp was a roaring fire ; inside the camp a quiescent Indian in a dreamy state of repose, mentally wondeiing, perhaps, why Christianity and scalping were opjiosed to each other, or whether the stories of the happy hunting grounds in paradise were not true after all. Ocer-skins were hung on poles, the meat was being got ready for transport, dogs wandered round, sniffing in a contemi)tuous way at the deers' heads which cumbered the snow, and seemed in- clined to nip our legs clandestinely, when we got out of the glare of the camp fire. Next day I saw an athletic young Indian yoked to a kind of harness, and dragging a large (|uantity of venison wrapped up in a deer-skin, which itself (.with the hair so disposed as not to catch the snow) formed the vehicle of transport. During that winter of very deep snow ('74-'75), the deer herded to- gether into what are called " yards," and were slaugh- tered in the most brutal and wanton fashion by men who sliot or knocked them down with clubs. These savages had not even the excuse of being pot-hunters, for they, like the wolves, destroyed more than they could eat, and the deer in such a plight are too lean for food, while their skins are not then marketable. If the deer seri- ously injured the farmers' crops, one could understand this senseless butchery, but what conceivable object, other than the gratifying of wanton cruelty, could be at- tained by exterminating these beautiful and harmless animals (which in their season afford wholesome and de- licious meat, and which by their presence attract large sums of money spent by tourist sportsmen), it is difficult to conceive. Many deer were also torn by stray dogs not strong enough to kill them outright, but able to lacerate and leave them to perish in lingering agony. The following anecdotes from the Free Grant Gazette (published in Bracebridge), give a graphic picture of what the sportsman may enjoy in iMuskoka. Taking up the files of the Gazette, at random, we light first on an episode (June, '77), not of deer-stalking or fishing, in the Township of Spence, but of a man-hunt : "While two young men, sons of Mr. Croswell of the Township of Croft, were looking for their cows in the woods, on Monday the 4th inst., they saw a large bear some distance from them. A small dog which had ac- companied thcrr., on seeing bruin, immediately gave chase, but instead of making for the dog, the bear made for the young men. Seeing a cedar tree lodged in an ash tree, they both climbed the cedar and got into the ash tree. The bear followed them, and coming up to them, tore one of the boots off the eldest boy. The boy continued kicking ; the young man succeeded in driving the bear down, but he very soon came back and made fresh attack. He tore the flesh from both sides of the bare foot, and put his tusks through the instep of the other boot in trying to drag the young man down the tree. The youngest boy broke a hmb from the tree, and by using it on the bear succeeded in keeping him off, but the young men were kept in the tree from 8 a. m. to 2 p. m., when the bear left them. The wounded young man bound up his foot and made his way home, a dis- tance of a mile and a half." As a rule Muskoka bears, like their kindred elsewhere in Ontario, do not attack men, but the above incident, obtained from a thoroughly reliable source, shows that this rule has its exceptions, and points out the danger of rashly provoking bruin in his forest home. Another "bear" item, from F. G. G., McMurrich Township, August, '77: " Mr. Duncan Morrison, agent for Cook Bros., was treed by a bear last week in this township, and the best of it is that there was a double treeing, for Morrison shouted to scare the bear, and the bear being scared ran up another tree." Free Grant Gazette, August 17, 1S77, Maganetawaii : "A settler here, named Johnson, while walking on a path through the bush, came suddenly upon a bear, which apparently was lying in wait. The bear jumped at Johnson, who fell backwards over a log. Bruin then bit his feet, and picked the man up, and after unmerci- fully squeezing him, commenced walking away with him ; but at this period the cries of Johnson were heard by another man, who came in time to save him. The bear then climbed a tree." F. G. G., August, '77, Ryerson : " Very few deer to be seen this season. Pot-hunters last year, around Rainy Lake, killed large numbers, driv- ing them into the lake wholesale with deer-hounds. A law should be passed to stop this wanton slaughter." F. G. G., Oct. 5, '77, Brund : "Deer are plentiful around Trading Lake; very little trapping; bears in abundance. Dr. Baddick and party, from New York, have just returned from Trading Lake, having had good sport. They killed thirteen deer, and eight wolves, of which they got four." Port Sydney : " The great hunters of the season in these parts are Mr, and Mrs. Stewart, and Mr. Murray, of this place, • ^ ■i! jC>, » ji>- » j- » JA K:--»-»-«JJ-»>-»--»-"--»-»J-»-»-»*--'^^^ »-»-»---.--g.g.M.a. ■ » JV r - » J- 'B - »-W-<»J-.»-»-»t-»-"-»-W."--»-»-'«-»--WJ^^^ MUSKOKA AND PARKY SOUND DISTRICTS. who on Thursday last chased, in their canoe, a moose. They ran it backwards and forwards for about four miles, vainly tryinjj to kill it witli small shot. Calling for as- sistance just as the animal was heiidin^ for Thorns' Hay, Mr. Thorns appc3(j, the Ilurons num- bered o\er twenty thousand souls, according to the Jesuit census. They built villages, had much mechanical skill, and seemed lilted for becoming ultimately a civili/ed and industrious nation. I'or the conversion of the Hurons, the Jesuits labored assiduously, traversing the route from the Ottawa to Lake Nipissing. " Tor fifteen years [W'ithrow's History of Canada] the missionaries toiled among the Hurons, in the country between Lake Simcoe and the Georgian Bay, at first with little effect, but finally with great success. Footsore aTid weary, gnawed by hunger and chilled by piercing coll, they traversed the wintry woods from plague-smitten town to town, to min- ister their healing simples to the victims of the loathsome small pox; to bapti/e, if possible, a djing child, and to tell the painted savages in their reeking wigwams of the love of Mary and her Divine Son." It may be added that an unbroken succession of Jesuit missions lu... been kept up since these early times to the Georgian Bay, j and to the Severn Kiver, which I'ather Proulx ascended about 1840. The Manitoulin Mission was organized about the beginning of the present century, and included the east shore of the Georgian Bay, and of Lake Nipis- sing and I'rench River. To return to the Indians. The Ilurons were finally al- most exterminated by the Iroipiois, and another inter- esting and peculiar Indian lace, the Nipissings, living by the lake of the same name, were also driven away by the Iro(piois, and forced to abandon their peaceful traffic in dried fish and furs. They wore a branch of the Algon- (piins, and retained a peculiar custom of feasts for dead, being deemed sorcerers by the French. They had re- ceived Jesuit missionaries at points along the shores of Lake Nipissing', and after tiieir llight from that region they joined the Iroquois and AlgoiKjuin mission at the Lake of the 'Ywo Mountains, where a remnant still ex- ists. Before dismissing the subject of the aboriginal set- tlers, we remark that the Indians have left their impress on the topographical vocabulai}' of the Muskoka district. These names, always mellilluous and suggestive, are hap- pily to some extent retained amongst us. Thus Muskoka is now widely known to the reading public of Great Britain, ihrougii the medium of a tale published in All the Year Kviiiul, and the name is there stated to mean " clear sky land." This is an erroneous derivation. True it is that the name of an Indian doctor or conjurer, who lived in Muskoka, might be so translated, but Muskoka takes its name from a greater celel)rity, even the warrior "Mi;sni:.\ Uki:e" (not easily turned back in the day of bat- tle.) He fegainagubaway (who lived in Fort Carling, and whose heir is now chief of the Parry Sound Indians) ruled over a small section of the Hurons (or Objibewaysi, which sectimi wo migiit call the Muskoka Indians; but he was as the twinkHiig of a small star before the moon, when compared with Mescjua Ukee. Not only the south branch of the Mus- koka River, but even the lake itself, and ultiinalely the whole district, became cilletl after the great C'hief Mes- qua Ukee. It will be ea ily seen how a slight corruption of the name gave us Nfusinka, instead of Mesiiua Uki:e. As Amerigo filched the ho.i )r of siwnsorship of this con- tinent from Columbus, so the crafty conqueror Misipie- doh (clear sky) has been chronicled as the god-father of Muskoka in place of the undaunted Mestjua Ukee. Passing over the long protracted labors of Captain F.ay- field, in surveying the Georgian Bay, and without pausing to chronicle the doings of the Hudson Bay, and other I ,- ii jiuTj>.»jji » .»>-'»jjj»-:jj>>^^ jwj K ggajiJ »gJ M» « W » - « JJJ g«g»g»=»»=»--»-'»«M»»BBE»:» ^g- » ^. » - » ~ " , ^^ 14 MUSKOKA AND I'AKKY SOUND DISTKICTS. hunters and trappers, let us now jilungc into tlic brief and modern history of Miiskoka. In 1S5.S tlic fjoveriiinent cfunincnrfd thf bnildin;,' of a road from \V'ashaf,'o to tlic iiitiiior of Miiskoka, a road wliich, necessarily piercinjj rocky fastnesses of forliiilding aspect, dislieartcned many a wcaiy traveller who jolted over its cavities and excrescences witii aciiiii;; bones, in- stead of viewing the rocks with half-closed eyes from the soft niediuin of a railroad c;)iicli. In the latter part of I.S51J the roail had been ojiened to South I'alis, and the brid;,'e was not then built. In fact the two branches of the Muskoka River formed two formidable bars to any ctnigrant invasion of this territorj'. Hracebrid^'c did not then exist, even on paper, and an ainusiu}; circumstance is still remembered of a settler, at a somewhat later period, trying to cross the Muskoka River on a pine tree near where our Hracebrid.Lje bridire nosv spans it. The .settler had been imbibinf; liberally, and his devious course over the loj; ujiset the centre of gravity. He would have male food f.a pickerel, and a neat illustration for teui- peraiico lectuiiis, but his ruin, in the slia[)C of a dciiii- jdliu wliich hi; carried with him, proved his salvati.in, since it being tieii to him hung on one side of the tree and balanced him, while he hung on the other, and was thus savctl. Before it was finally decided to o;ic!i up Muskoka and Parry Sound by a free grant colonization road, itself the forerunner of the bold and successful experiment of gen- eral free grants, the idea was seriously mooted in high quarters of throwing the whole district into one vast In- dian reservation. This scheme, however, fell to the ground, and in 1839, Mr. R. J. Oliver was appointed locating agent, met the settlers in October of the same year at Severn Bridge, and issued seventeen location tickets of land adjoining tlie road. In i86i Morrison, Muskoka, Diaper, and Macaulay were offered for location. At this time settlers lived a very isolated life, far from each other, and far not merely from the great centres of civilization, but from those lesser centres which furnished them with the necessaries of life. Some had to walk forty miles to Orillia to buy provisions or to mail a letter. They had to carry their tlour home on their backs over so-called " roads" of the most wretched description. On one occasion settlers from the Townships of Muskoka and Draper, finding no tlour in Orillia, had to walk a distance of sixty miles to Barrie, and "back" the flour home. So isolated was the life of many a settler in the bush, that they almost lost count of times and seasons, and one man was thus encountered who had been keep- ing Tuesday as the Lord's day for many months. In 1861 Mr. R. J. Oliver crossed the north branch of the Muskoka River on the pine log above referred to, and met John Beal and David Smith, wlio were the hist set- tlers north of the I'alls. In the same year Mr. Thomas McMuirayliad only one nei;.libor within many miles of h'ni, was twenty-one miles from the nearest I'ost Office, and thirty-five from the nearest grist mill. There was only one settler in Draper, Macaulay, Stephenson, Mc- Lean, Brunei, Ryile, Oakley, Chaffcy, Monck, Watt, Humphrey, Wood, and Medoia. Thiue was one house on the river, .here Mr. A. Bailey and family resided. It is with mewhat of tin- relish with wliic li a storm- tossed sailor, in the cosy sitting roiuii of his hoted, re- counts the recent fury of the ocean, that settlers, now comfortable, rehearse the former trials which tested their endurance, while reminiscences of meals on birch buds, and of seed-jiotatoes dug up for food through grim ne- cessity, give zest {<< the enjoyment of plenteous viands. Things graduilly mended, and the once solitary settler encountered, in amazement, new neighbors in his ram- bles through the bush. I'amilies clustered together, school-hiiiises, often built on land given by the settlers, appeared. The futlifal missionary held occasional, and then iiKue re.;ular services, in the fast-increasing centres of poimlatioii. New townships were survexed, and others organized, with all theparaphrenalia of Reeves and Coun- cils. Settlers from the British isles, of good standing at home, and possessed of means, began to buy improved farms, anraiel)ri(lj;e on the ijth of July. The din of w Ml kniiMi's hammers had hardly ceased as they pit liie linisliiii^' strokes to the eif,'ht aiehc!: which sjjanned tile \illa;,'e streets, when, at 7 o'clock p. m., the steamer " Nipissiii;;," with His ICxcelK'iicy, the Countess, and suite on board, was seen coining,' aionj;siiie the Hiace- bridj,'e wharf. They drove round the principal streets of the village, and I'mally reached the platform, where an excellently framed address was presented to His Ilxcel- leiicy, and rewarded by a suitable reply. Lord Dufferin, after leaving Bracebridge, proceeded by steamer to Port Cockburn, and thence by land to Parry Sound, where he bid farewell to the I'ree Grant Districts, his progress being one continued triumph. Ho stopped at tlie set- tlors' homes, conversed with them, and speciall)' inter- ested himself in an Icelandic settler. No doubt a future edition of the Atlas will chronicle a similar visit of his successor, the Marcjuis of Lome. 1.S76. — .'\ resolution was passed in the Local House (Feb. 4th), offering a bonus of §8,000 per mile for the construction of an extension of the Northern Railway to connect with the Georgian Bay Branch of the Canada Pacific Railway near Lake Nipissing. A radical change was made by an Act passed in the Local House in the regulation of licenses for the sale of liijuor. The inspection and licensing of Taverns was taken out of the hands of Municipal Councils and trans- ferred to inspectors appointed by the Local Government. The present efficient inspector, Mr. E. F. Stephenson, wlio was the first appointed under the new sjstcm for the district of Muskoka, is of opinion that the present system has worked admirably, and the result has been less illicit vending of liquors and more orderly conduct of hotels than formerly existed. There are some thirty licensed houses in the license district of Muskoka. In October, 1876, vigorous efforts were made to induce flu; Ciovernment to put tlic road from iJracebridge to Huiitsville in thorough repair. This ariery of travel ac- commodates the traffic of nine townships of Muskoka proper, and about twelve of Parry Soiiiul, while it is feil by nine important tributary roads which pierce large set- tlements. 1877. — The Attorney-General introduced an amenda- tory Act, of which the provisions, so far as they relate to .Muskoka, may be thus summari/ed: I. The Lieut. -Governor may direct the Commissioners of Public Works to erect lock-ups or jails. J. Such lock-ups or j lils to be common jails for pri- soners sentenced for thirty days or less, ])endiiig removal to Barrie. The magistrate may still send them direct to Bar.ie. 3. The Parry Sound or Bracebridgc stipendiary magi- strate may inteichange Division Court duties by mutual consent with the junior judge of Simcoe. 4. Any maiiici[)ality of Muskoka not already in the judicial distiic:t of Simcoe is thereto annexed without extending the jury law of Ontario to such a municipality. The fourth provision was an excellent step towards removing anomalies in the government of Muskoka. The Hon. Mr. Pardee introduced an Act for the (piieting of doubts relative to the conjoint .vorking of lumber licenses and the I'ree Grant Act. The Act deals with the case of a timber license overlapping the patent, where the locatee on a free grant has got bis j; itent, and therefore has received a conveyance in fee simple of the pine trees existing or remaining on his land before the expiry of the timber license in force over his land. This Act de- clares substantially that the lumberman cannot be inter- fered with as to cutting the pine until the time of his license has expirei.1. As there are annual licenses, the maximum overlapping would be twelve months, a period which could only be reached by an unlikely chapter of accidents, but in any case the rights of the i)atentee are only held in abeyance for the time of the unexpired por- tion of the license. He enjoys all the cipiities, and can (with this restriction) convey, alienate, mortgage, or sell his farm immediately on receipt of the patent, except that, unlike real estate in other portions of the Province, his wife must not only bar her dower, but join in the deed as a grantee. In the same year Mr. J. C. Miller, M. P. P., introduced an act (unfortunately but necessarily withdrawn, owing to its cold reception by the House) to enable the settler to do systematically and of right what he can do at pre- sent through the favor of the Crown Lands Department, namely, to sell his improvements, placing the buyer pre- cisely in his thus relinquished position on the books of the Crown Lands office, as to remaining settlement duties. ^ SS^B ^Buesaasi ^B^SBSSBSB^aa ■-«J-»-!»JJBPi Ifh-l.'W'i SjBBSm ^'^""-""^'^ - - - - - - Bs^^ssssais BBSBB^^asiassi nsvwwiixi^ I i6 MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. (I'or tliese duties see Appendix A.) An excellent feature ! tlirou;,di the timidity and want of forcsi;,dit of those who in this proposed ainemlatory Act was the permission resist chan.trc simply because it is change. Nothing ran sought to be given to the vendor to ro-locate, and begin ' long delay the erection of Muskoka into a county, but if I'rce Grant life anew. There are many adventurous men ' this provisional cojnty scheme had been carried, we loving tlic solitude of the forest who make admirable s'.iould have gained the benefit of an apprenticeship, so pioneers, and to whom " pulling up stakes" and breai'' know nothing about the sale, and cannot attend it. The A large party of Swiss immigrants passed through competitors in LJndsay only know of it as an unimproved Kosseau in July,c« route for the .M;iganetawan, and under lot, and it is perhaps sacrificed to some speculator who the superintendence of Baroness von Koerber. may lock it up for years from iminovement. whereas if In October a very lieavy rush of settlers set in, the we had a county, the sales would be at Bracebridge. and wharfinger at Bracebridge having to wait up at night citizens of the vill.ige would buy such lots and build on discharging trunks, &€., and the hotels at Huntsville them. This is a minor example but the sum total of being so full that the new arrivals had to sleep as best the various minor evils of our double municipal represen- they could on floors and tables. The settlers came from tation (in Lindsay and in ISarrie), make a formidable Stratford, Garafraxa, Chatham, and various parts of , aggregate, in addition to the moie iiiominent dis.idvan- Western Ontario. Forty thous.uid acres were located tage of loss of prestige and the impossibility of our through the Bracebridge Crown Lands Office alone. Muskoka Reeves taking any concerted actitui on the joint The agitation for the erection of .Muskoka proper (with interests of their constituents, possibly a slight rectificatum of its frontier), into a pro- Towards the close of the year an excellent educational visional county, was the most imjiortant event of this step in advance was taken j.y the formation, under the year. \ery energetic efftirts were made, both through auspices of Mr. McGill (public scliool teacher in Brace- the columns of the Free Grant Ga-^ette, .nut by jnivatc ' bridge), ably encoinaged by the Inspector for North Victo- canvass, to mould public opinion favorably towards this j ria, Mr. H. Kea/in, vi/., the formation of .i Teachers' Asso- gieat and desirable change. It was defeated mainly j ciation for Muskoka, to meet half-yearly in Bracebridge. I i ;- 1 I : '?jij-i-»u»>l«i. ^S^^K^Kf^^^^^^^^^KS m - m - ^ - . -^ m - » ~ . r m r m r,V.'..fj'^<<'.mjiJiJm^jmjf,Jmjm:^^^^^^ aaa Ksa ^BSS I ^caeeuaaa^^^^KSBS i~«~«~«*s^ir«nf8'ififi>~«ri aaaoAss :Tlg^»'--!J!J!JJ!J!. MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. 17 In 1S77 a very vigorous step was taken in tlie direc- tion of manufacturing progress, by tlie Braccbriiige Coun- cil. They submitted a by-law to the people for the pur- j jse of granting a bonus to the fnin of Beardmore Bros., of Toronto, of $.2000 (with exemption from taxation for ten years, of the proposed site of tannery to be erected by that firm). The all but unanimous passing of the by- law was speedily followed by the erection of the tannery, which has since been enlarged, and carried out on a much larger scale than that contemplated in the by-law, which only bound the firm to employ twelve instead of their present staff of 30 men. The magnitude of the scale on which the Beardmore tannery is conducted, and the fact that the purchase money for bark finds its way to fertilize the purses of settlers, within a radius of fifteen miles from Bracebridge, justify the insertion of a reference to this industry in the general history of Muskoka, though the whole burden of the bonus and other expenses has been borne by the village of Bracebridge. This year was very largely devoted in Muskoka, as elsewhere, to political excitement. After a hard contest, during which he bore testimony to the honorable con- diiit of Mr. \V. E. O'Brien, his op[)onent, Mr. A. P. Cockburn was again returned to represent these I'ree Caant districts in the Doniinion Parliament. Two senii-anuual meetings of the teachers of Muskoka were held in Bracebridge in June and December, respect- ively. They were very successfiil, and refiected great credit on the Bracebridge school teacher, Mr. McGill (who is a scholar of Toronto University), who originated the convention. At the June convention, the teachers were favored with the presence of Mr. Reazin, Inspector for North \'ictoria, and also of the Honorable Adam (."indks, >'inisterof Education for the Province of On- tario, who delivered an exhaustive and masterly adtlress iin the educational system of this Province, in the Duf- Icrin Hall. The year iSjiS was marked by considerable acti\ it_\ in building operations, which in the village of ("ira\eidiurst alone amounted, it is believed, to over %< 17,000. Tlie records of newspaper enterprise in Muskoka may be grouped together at the close of these annals. Keenly critical readers create vigorous journalism, and such are the people of Muskoka, ever on the alert to un- earth the slightest tjpographical error, or false date ; nor is there any dearth of cris[> and incisive correspond- ence. Having such materials to work with, even at that call)- period, the Xurihcni Advocate, the pioneer journal of the district, was started in Parry Sound (Sejit., i.SGy) by Mr. Thos. McMurray. It was transferred to Brace- bridge (Sept., 1870) and ably conducted under the edito- rial charge of Mr. James Boyer, our present village clerk. Much valuable information as to Muskoka and its resources was then circulated amongst intending immi- grants and settlers, both in Canada and Great Britain. After Mr. McMurray's failure in iiS74, it was bought by Mr. Courtney, continued in Bracebridge, and abandoned after the death by drowning of the latter gentleman. Meanwhile the publication of the Free Grant Gazette was commenced by Mr. E. F. Stephenson, the present pro- prietor, in 1871, and continues now under the same owner- ship. The publication of the Gazette led to a large reduction in the price of newspaper work and job work. Mr. Stephenson also carried on the publication of the Huntsville Liberal, under the editorship of Mr. Howland. After the discontinuance of the Liberal, the Huntsville Forester made its appearance on Nov. 2nd, 1877, and is still published in that village. On May 19th, 1S76, Gravenhurst felt the journalistic wave, and saw the first number of Tlie Lumberman, a pub- lication which lived till Nov. 24th of the same year. Mr. E. F. Stephenson also, for a time, established a job office at Gravenhurst. Meanwhile Mr. McMurray, the former proprietor of the Advocate, who is now Crown Lands Agent at Parry Sound, conimenred in 1X74, and still continues, the pub- lication of the North Star in that village. In April, 1S7S, the village of Bracebridge saw the ad- vent of the Herald, a Conservative journal (Messrs. Graffe & Co., proprietors), which is .still continued — the Free Grant Gazette being the organ of the Reformers. All the journals which have been chronicled are weekly rnws- papers devoted to the presentation of general and local news, and the present list consists of the Free Grant Gazette and Herald (both published in Bracebridge^ the Forester, issued in Huntsville, and the North Star in Parry Sound. A non-political glance at the parliamentary history of the district may be lastly given. Muskoka has now double representation, namely, in Ottawa and Toronto. In 1867 the cnnstituency— that is, the then existing nucleus of Muskoka, namely, the new Townships of Morrison and Macaulay — formed part of North Victoria. .Mr. A. P. Cockburn was electcil for the Local House to represent it, having defeated the late Joseph Staples by a majority of 269. In 1875 tlic first election for a representative in the Local House occurred, and .Mr. J. C. Miller, our present member, was the suc- cessful candidate, his opponent being the late Mr. Long. of Bracebridge. A petition against his return was tried by the Judge in the Dufferin Hall, Bracebridge, and ad- versely to Mr. .Miller. The decision was reversed, how- ever, by the full Bench. Mr. A. P. Cockburn (Reform) was the first Dominion representative of Muskoka, having defeated the late Mr. D'Arcy Boulton by a majority of 126. Again, in 1874, ho lesBssaaasaeBs UU^jJJJJ! ajBjaj ugJBi SaSBSBB ssa^^Bsassa sacs "^■^^~''-~-^-~- .■^..-.-.■.-,,.-«=.=.^.^.,...,....,,-,-...-.-.,._..-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.r.v^'^ i8 MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. was elected to tlie Domiiiicn Parliament bj' a niajoritj' of J09 over the late Mr. Teviotdale of Bracebridge. At the last general election in 1S7S, Mr. Cockburn was ai^ain returned to represent Muskoka in the Ottawa Par- liament, by a majority of 74 over Mr. \V. E. O'Brien, of Shanty Bay, County Simcoe. In brin),'inf; the history to a close, let the writer dis- claim any intention of presenting it to the public as eitlier exiiaiisti\e or perfect. It is only a bird's-eye view of some of the leading incidents in the progress of Mus- koka, from zero to its piesent nourishing condition. More minute details, however, will be foui.d elsewhere in the description of localities and townships. NAVICATION. The progress of navigation in Muskoka is so important, and so exci'llent an index of the general progress of the .iettlemei-.t, that it is here treated as a separate sub-head, instea(\ of being scattered through the general body of the liistor}-. It is substantially that given in the " Unde- \eloped Portions of Ontario," imt revised up to the close of navigation in i^jS. Many lecjuisites for successf il ^:team navigation are found roiubined by Natmc in tlie inland waters of Muskoka — early opening and late closing of the lakes and rivers, depth of waters, rapid deepening of the waters as we recede from the shore, excellence of harbors, freedom f/om incrustation of boilers, Imt above all the long and convenient water stretches placed by Nature just where they can lie utilized for the higliwa\s of colonization. During a great [lart of the year we are thus, in many localities, indepemlent of roads, and we have a sure and cheap mode of transporting heavy freight, and also ready-made highways for the moving of lumber, .Ml these ad.antages, however, would have been barren, hail not some one been found of sufficient foresight to realize the future importance of Muskoka, and sufficiently enterjirising to risk his means in developing that future, and of enjoying that intluence with the Government which would constrain them to do their part in rendering the enterprise possible. Such a man was Mr. A. P, Cockburn, our present r)ominion representative. In these days of our prosperity, when the districts are inter- sected by a net-work of roads, telegraphs, steam navigation, stage lines, and post offices, and when so many energetic speculators are ready to put a steamer on any lake or river where the least chance of traffic exists, the estab- lishment of a new steamboat line is taken as a matter of course, and the addition of a new steamer on an old route hardly excites comment. It is with difliculty, there- fore, that v.e retrace the stream of Time, and, in imagi- nation, live under the disadvantages and gloomy pros- pects which might well have appalled Mr, C'ockburn in his efforts to initiate steam navigation in Muskoka in 1865. Let US then briefly trace the history of Muskoka navi- gation !( membering that even now the bulk of the traffic, whether immigrant or commercial, of Muskoka, and of those portions of Parry Sound which arc tributary to Rousseau and Bracebridge, is carried over the lakes Muskoka, Rousseau and Joseph, and also the Mus- koka River, so that the history of our navigation is the history of our progress, the overllowing freight houses and increasing lleet of steamboats refute the sneers of the enemies of Muskoka with dumb but unanswerable power. The first human ripple on the surface of these waters proceeded from the bark canoe of the unl.itored red man. In the same frail craft, doubtless, John Bell reached the Township of Macaulay in iSGi. He is said to have siient five days in disco\ering the mouth of the river in order to reach the North brills (now the ihuirish- ing village of Bracebridge). Mr. James Cooper intro- duced the first wood-boat in 186,2, to be followetl by McCabe's sail-boat in i86j, and Mr. James Sharpe's in 18(14, All three boats were employed in the business of carrying ]iassengers and freight to various points on the lakes. The rates then charged for land and water trans- portation were 75cts, per cwt. between W'ashago (the lieaay ((iravenliurst), but never returned again, the craft, or rather its pio- pelling arrangements, being a failure. The boat occu[)ie(l upwards of twelve hours going on her trip (now per- formed in li^ss than two hours). About the same time the Bradley Bros, built an expensive sloop for the trade, b.it it, like the horse-boat, was a failure. In September, 1865, Mr. \. P, Cockburn. now rejue- senting Muskoka and Parry Sound in the Dominion Par- liament, but then merchant and Keeve of the Township of I'ldon, in the County of \'ictoria, made an I'xamina- tion of the Muskoka region, including the Lake of Bavs, Peninsula, \'ernon, and Fairj' Lakes, and the Maganeta- wan River, returning by way of Lake Muskoka, and he was much imjjressed with the beauty and imixiitance of these lakes. He returned shortly afteiwanls in ccuniiany with .Mr, James Cooper, sailed o\er Lake Muskoka to examine the reputed natural obstructions to navigation at Indian \'illage, now Port Calling, Mr. Cockburn then forwarded a paper on the back country to Hon. T. D. McGee, the th, n Commissioner of .Agriculture, with a report of his observations, and s(une practical sugges- tions of a policy of road and other inipiovements which, if the Government would pi omise to make, he would un- dertake to place a steamer on the lakes to facilitate set- tlement. .Mr. McGcc and the Government felt highly 3 !;■ ntf- « - i. -a-y « - a r « ' , tfvo- « - « -^ » -^ » - . -^ . - . - . ^ ^ !'. -^ «: <^ (J I ? to J I S k :. »=g»i-jia.gg..-...-»-»-.-»j...».»....j^«^.,».. y-».»-..»-»-»-»-»-.-»-»-»-i.-'.-»-»-»v!.-»YVtfifiW'B' ^Baa MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. 19 pleased and interested in Mr. Cockburn's representa- tions ; and, in particular, Mr. McGee returned Mr. Cock- burn's communication with a llatturin,i,' request that Mr. C. should have it printed, which was done under the title of "A Few Weeks in the North." The result of these negotiations was that the keel of the " Wenonah " was immediately laid, and the steamer opened up steam navigation trade by making her first trip in 1S66, arriv- ing at North Falls (Bracebridgc) when there was not twenty people in the place to greet her arrival. The rate of freight from Washago to Nortii Falls was reduced at once from 75cts and $1.00 per cwt. down to 40cts. per cwt., and freight was always brought through punctually from McCabe's Bay (Graveiihurst). The "Wenonah" continued to ply alone, and generally at a loss to its owner, until in 1869 the " Waubamik " was brought up to assist in the dispatch of the growing traffic. lu 1871 the fine low pressure steamer " Nipissing" was added, and in the spring of 1S76 the powerful steam tug " Sim- coe " formed another auxiliary in the Muskoka tleet. In 1877 a marine slip (or railway) was constructed at Graven- iiurst, on which the " Nipissing" was raised, overhauled and a hurricane deck adtied, together with a cabin (,n the iiromciiade deck. A large scow was also built, which has been utilized for the convejaiice of lime, tan-bark, etc. The steamer " N- w , » >^ ^ >L * A » >>>>>>>.^^^ 5«5a: » i< . -. -.-.-.»-»j-»A»j>-»-.-»^v.»-»>>>>^'iJMJ j^^ l^J-..WJ.^J»^=.-.^^..-.---.-.-»-.-.-»-.-.-^---»-»-»^^^ '-•'-XJ'^''-!'^''ansmsi •^jmjKMjm^m. 20 MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. distributing station on the Northern m;iy be gatliercd from the fact that 2S11 tons 1210 lbs. of freij,'lit (much ■>f it of a most costly nature), left the railway freij^ht house in 187S for various parts of Muskoka. Nature has given to each of our incorporated villa;j;es special advant- ages. Parry Sound has its unrivalled harbor, from which a vessel could make the voyage to Liverpool. Brace- bridge is the end of navigation on the Muskoka River. Gravenhurst is the distributiiifr and manufacturing point for an immense quantity of the products of Muskoka forests. RVDE. It contains .^9,500 acres of land, and 928 of water, many cxcellont hard wood vnlleys and much low and swamp lands, capable of yielding good crops after thorough drainage. The first .settlers were Messrs. Housey, of Housey's Rapids, Joshua Long, Robt. Bcnn, Brass (two families), Brooks (two families), Wyle. Mr. Wyle is father of the first white child born in the town- ship. There are eight or nine German families in Rytle. Seven years ago (say 1S72) there were no settlers. I'ivc years ago Rydecamc into market. There is a good win- ter road to Braccbridgc, but Gravenhurst is the natural business centre. After the Rusks (two brothers), Daney and Matz (three families), had settled in R\de they did not know each other's places of residence. Messrs. Dow- nie and Long were settled five miles apart, and each un- known to the other. They came in by different routes about six year;, ago. Downie hearing some one chop- ping, met Long, and found that he had a near neighbor, and that there was a road to Bracebiidge. MACAU I.AV. Macaulay (chiefly important as containing Tiraccbridge) contains 38,639 acres of land, and 1,341 of water. It is practically out of the market as a free grant township, but improved farms are to be occasionally had at reason- able rates. Several important roads (to Baysville, Hunts- ville, Gravenhurst, etc.) radiate through the township from Bracebridge. A bridge is needed near the High Falls, as settlers at opposite sides of the north branch of the Muskoka River have to make a detour through Bracebridge to visit each other. The Muskoka Lake and River are also utilized as means of transit by the settlers, there being a large number of private boats of various kinds in use, besides Mr. Cockburn's daily steam- ers. Macaulay, agriculturally, is best suited for pasture, unless near Bracebridge where market gardening will in- crease with the growth of the village. The manufactur- ing facilities of the township are unrivalled, the number "*■ water privileges has been computed at 200, but with- it claiming so high a number, it may safely be said that a number of most excellent water privileges exists in Ma- caulay, Bracebridge Falls, Halstead's water privilege in the vill.'ige (at present unutilized), Willson's I'alls, the various branches of the High Falls, South Falls, Trethe- way's I'alls, etc., the water supply being almost always constant, and the supply practically unliinitetl. Falkenburg, on the main road to Huntsville, at the junction of the Parry Sound Road, is a village in Macau- lay, five miles from Bracebridge, and containing two hotels, an Anglican Church, saw mill and shingle mill (belonging to Mr. M. Moore), and blacksmith's shop. BRACEHRIDGE. The length of the following description of Bracebridge may provoke surprise, if not adverse comment from the English reader, to whom a population of ten thousand clustered together would seem insignificant, and who cannot conceive how a village of twelve hundred people could deserve anything moie than a passing notice. Scores of such villages can be found in England, with an apothecary, a pettifogging attorney to set neighbors by the ears, a store with a few clay pipes, a little cheese, ami a post office window, whence letters are slowly dis- j)ersed by some old woman to the public as they stand outside in the rain. Time seems to make little impres- sion for beUer or for worse on such fossil English vil- lages, no new enterjnises start up, and the village is a stereot\ 'led finality. But Bracebridge is a centre, the importance of which is not measurable by its present population, 1 ut rather by the rapidity with which it increases, and the nine solid pillars (hereafter described) on which the prosperity of the village is built. 1. Bracebridge, in the first place, has excellent water jirivileges at the falls, which at present support a grist mill and woolen mill, and might support six good-sized factories if fully utilized. In addition to this great fall there is a less one still within the village limits suitable for a small factory. The supply of water is pr^c.ically unlimited and unfailing. 2. Bracebridge is the terminus of navigation on the Muskoka River. Note what this involves: arrest of transit, transhipment, teaming, and of the business cie- ated at a central distributing point. There are only two apparent dangers in the future to the traflic, one the pos- sible erection of locks to evade the falls; the other, the building of a railway passing through Bracebridge, and piercing the heart of the back country without break or halting place. The first danger to the trade of Bracebridge we may leave for the consideration of the men of the next cen- tury. The amount of rock to be blasted and the extent of lockage retjuired to overcome the obstructions of the Bracebridge Falls, Halstead's Rapids, Willson's Falls, and the High Falls, would render the canalization of tiie 1; iSBBB^BasSBS^SBSSSBB^SaSSaSBBaBBB s^^^Essas: ■J----JJJ vmMXjmjKj e»2BB^^^^SBB^^^^^^^^^B^^^^^^^^^B^^ •artrtPtftPiPiSB BSSBB MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. north branch impracticable for many a long day, though not to be refused admission among the possibilities of a distant future. The second danger — the fear of Rraccbridge being "killed "by the passage of a railway near the village, and going north — is a vivid bugbear in the minds of a fcsv timid speculators. The majority of our citizens, however, do not fear the snorting of the iron horse. Even as to the local traffic now carried by steamers to the port of Bracebridge, it would be in accordance with the analogies of the development of trade elsewhere if, eventually, a larger steamboat traffic than ever was the result. True it is that as Huntsville and other local centres to the north of Bracebridge enlarge and multiply, they will take a certain portion of the Bracebridge trade away. E -n now some storekeepers who have business connections in Orillia or Toronto, team tiicir goods di- rectly from Gravenhurst station. On the other hand new settlers are pouring in every day, and on the wiiole tiie business of the village is steadily and rapidly increasing. The older established firms in I-5r;icebridgc do not seem to suffer from the competition of the newer ones, and uflen the difficulty, especially in hardware, is to keep stock enough to supply the dciuaiid, the tL-legraph lieing often called in to stimulate the speedy arrival of new goods. A railway woidil create a market which does not now exist, for hard wood, pressed hay, and other connno- dilies. It would also immensely increase tlie value of real estate both in Bracebridge and the country through which it passed. On the whole the danger of Brace- i)riil^'e being killed by a railway may be dismissed as a chimera. 3. Bracebridge has a central position with respect to tiie district of Muskoka. It is not the geometrical cen- tre but it is the centre in a very practical sense of the licipiilation of the district of Muskoka, and of large por- tions of that of Parry Sound. 4. Hence its eminent suitability for a county town, taken in conjunction with the fact that it already pos- sesses the registry office for the whole district of Mus- koka, the division court and lock-up; the registry office ami lock-up having been built well and substantially of brick, by the Ontario Government. 5. It is the point of confluence and divergence for the travel and business of the greater part of Muskoka, and a large portion of Parry Sound ; the townships of Ryde, Oakley (greater portion), McLean, Macaulay, Monck, Draper (greater portion), Muskoka (a littleK McMurrich, Ryerson, Perry, Franklin, Chaffey (a good deal, especially in good sleighing). Wood and Medora (in winter). Watt and Cardwell (a good deal). In the win- ter Parry Sound Harbor is closed by ice, and every one coming into either Muskoka or Parry Sound must pass through Bracebridge (some small travel by Bala ex- cepted). From Bracebridge radiate roads to Huntsville, Baysville, Gravenhurst, Parry Sound, etc. These great roads are fed by lesser tributaries, which form a complex and ever-extending net-work of travel. 6. Bracebridge is the religious, educational, literary, and journalistic centre of Muskoka, and, to a very mea- surable extent, of Parry Sound. It is the residence of the Roman Catholic Bishop, the headquarters of the Canada Methodist and Presbyterian Churches. In the last named system the Bracebridge pastor has juris- diction over Parry Sound. In Bracebridge the examin- ations for Muskoka teachers and the semi-annual school conventions are held, while the largest newspapers in the two districts are published here. 7. Saw-mills excepted, Bracebridge is the only man- ufacturing centre in the two districts, having two tan- neries, one of which is the most perfect on this continent, woolen mill, grist mill, planing mill, and a large sash and door factory is about to be erected in a few months. Events foreshadow a very large increase in the number of these and other industries. 8. Bracebridge has got the start so far as manufacture and trade are concerned. Every commercial man knows how hard it is to dis[)lace an old centre of business, which has already made its connections, and spread its mercantile roots far and wide, to bring nourislnnent to the parent tree. A stern chase is proverbially a long one, and were the quoting of authorities needed we might quote the great Charles Babbage, in the " Economy of Manufactures," who there shows that a manufacturing centre, from the mere fact of its being the first in the field, can hold its own against younger rivals, equally favored in other advantages. 9. The ruling men in l>raccbridge are shrewd, go- ahead men, making mistakes of course sometimes, but on the whole keenly alive to the interests of the village, and not likely to throw chances away. This they proved by giving a two thousand dollar bonus to the Beardmore tannery. The village also taxes itself heavily for the support of the Fire Department. Almost every Muskoka enterprise, whether it be a cheese factory or a provisional County scheme, originates in Bracebridge, where also is the cen- tre of political caucuses of both political creeds. The Muskoka people look to Bracebridge to take the initiative in every great social, political, or religious movement, and they do not look in vain. It is hard to lary one's finger on the exact moment of the birth of the village. We may first name James Cooper (father of Joseph Cooper, saw-mill owner and councillor, of Bracebridge), who squatted on land which is now included within the village limits. James Cooper's Li ^ r i C<>igj * :. -»-.»-»j»>:»-wj>-»>-)'-M.i<»-»^^^ f HBfBta 22 »-»-■-»-» jijg hT.'^a'Vtfgiji'ljVgWiM. ,,-.-...-»..-»..-»-..-^.j-j~- - - '-■-■-■-■,'VV' a - « V ^ ^ ti MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. land included both sides of the Falls. Alexander Bailey bought out Cooper's claim in iN6j. Messrs. Terry cS: Myers bought out from bailey, John 13eal and David Leitii squatted about the same time, and, together out Bailey's property, consisting of saw mill and grist mill, with one hundred acres of land, part of which is now within the village limits, and largely built on. The price was six thousand dollars, and the purchase included with James Cooper, were the pioneers of Bracebridgc. j the whole water power of the falls, which they now In iS6i Bracebridge consisted of the log huts and retain, with tlie exception of the portion sold by them to potato patches of Messrs. John Beal and Uavid Leith, I Mr. Bird, the owner of woolen mills. Subsc^.wj,^^,j,MKj>^WMjfmj,g ^ MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. 23 occurred between our last epocli and 1875, the date of the incorporation of the viilape. In 1876 tlie leadiii;^ event was the unanimous votinp; of a bonus of two tlioiisand dollars to Messrs. Heardnioro Bros., of Toronto, on condition that they should build their new tannery in Bracebridge. The tannery was accordingly built in the following year, and is described as it now exists in another part of this article. Suffice it here to say that the Beardmore tannery is — if not the very largest — among the largest in Canada, aTid admittedly the most complete on this continent in its arrangements and machinery. Before building the tannery, Messrs. Beardmore got the plans of the tannery of Messrs. Jewett & Keating, in Port Alleghany, which was supposed to be the lie pins ultra in the United States. They also visited that tannery, and noted the comments of the proprietf)rs as to certain minor defects which actual working showed to exist in it. Aided thus, and by their own experience, they have founded the model tannery of the continent. At the beginning of 1877, a school census showed 269 scholars between the ages of five and twenty-one years, in the village school 'tion, most of them under sixteen years. The Beardmore tannery was exempted by the council from taxation for ten years. The new Registry Office, a substantia] i>rick building with fire-proof vault, was finished by the contractor, Mr. Neil Livingstone. The cost was borne by the Ontario Government. The Mechanics' Institute gave a series of entertain- ments during the winter, including a most attractive lecture on combustion, by Mr. l^ird, in which the lime iiglit was shown by a new generator, invented and manu- factured by Mr. Bird. N'iolets were in full bloom in Mr. Myers' garden on I'einuary 22nd. A sale of municipal and fire debentures took place in Toronto, the price realiijcd being 92 cents on the dollar, cash. The auditors reported $2,068 collected for the year 187G-7, of general taxes, and only $18 uncollected, a re- sult which spoke well for the solvency of the village. The total receipts, including special rates and license fees, etc., was $3,294.25. The village assessment for 1877 was $118,605, being an increase of $25,535 over last year, and the amount of " non-resident " lands was reiluccd from $4,520 for 1876, to $2,600. On July 6th the Mayor and Corporation of the City of Toronto visited Bracebridge, and were presented with an address by the village council, to which a suitable reply was given by the Mayor. Let us glance at the existing institutions and public societies of the village : The Mechanics' Institute began existence in 1874, with a library of 225 volumes, and now, aided by a Gov- ernment grant of $400, has secured a library of 700 volumes, including the American Cyclopedia, which cost nearly $100. Mr. Aubrey White has long and efficiently acted as honorary secretary, and Mr. Josiah Pratt is the painstaking and courteous librarian. Scientific and lit- erary entertainments are given under the auspices of the Institute, and it is affiliated to a literary debating society. The fire company (Rescue No. i) comprises some fifty members, who wear a handsome uniform. There is a strongly built and powerful hand engine, together with 550 feet of hose, hose reel, &c., and a lofty bell tower, with large fire bell. The establishment of the company and the purchase of the engine was the result of con- siderable energy on the part of the people. In 1S76 a baker's shop was burned down in the principal street of the village, and before the embers were cool a requisition was handed to the Reeve for the summoning of a public meeting to arrange for purchase of engine, S; horses, 16. In 1S71 the assessment was $21,919, and in 1872 it had risen to $31,479. In 1873 it was $43,250; population, 488; cattle, 450; sheep 85; horses, 31. In 1876 the assessment was $55,910; population, 640; cattle, 542; horses, 67, In I1S77 the assessment was $60,683; population, 675; cattle, 867; sheep, 292; horses, 80. In 1878 the assessment was $64,056 ; popu- lation, 750; horses, 168. It will be uoted tiiat the as- sessed value of property per head has increased eight- fold in ten years, while the population itself has more than doubled. OAKLEY contains 43,884 acres of land, and 3,011 of water. Within the last eighteen months the immigrating public are beginning to appreciate this township, which would have been filled up years ago had it not been reserved under timber limits, which, however, did not bar the in- gress of squatters. It is a good township for many rea- sons, and D. M. Card, Esq., the Inspector of Government Roads in Algoma and Muskoka, told the writer that he had hunted in conjunction with a party of friends over that part of the townshij) whicli was condemned in the official survey, and that he found much excellent land there. There is good oak in the township. Besides the near markets of Bracebridge and Gravenluirst, the To- ronto and Nipissing railway extension from Coboconk is surveyed to pass through Oakley, in which township, or in its immediate vicinity, a railway station is likely to be built. m'lean contains 37,544 acres of land and 4,600 of water. Mr. Burns, P. L. S., who surveyed in 1862, reports very favorably of the soil and the various water privileges which exist on the Muskoka River, which intersects it ?a BSSSBSSS m^wMJi.m^m^w^wjmj.j.^^.wjm.wjm^wjv.MI'JIJ'JtJ'^'tXS^ ■■-JU»J.W-«J.J .-».»-»-»-»-»-»-»JJJ-»g»gg5g 26 MUSKOKA AND I'AKRY SOUND DISTRICTS. diagonally. A few free (,'rant lots arc still to be liail. A steamer lunv runs diirin.i,' tlic season cf navijiation from Haysvillo to various points on Tiaiiinf^ Lake and llie Lake of H.iys. Bajsviiie seems destined to (,'row into a thrivinj; village, beiiif,' near tlie centic of Mi- Lean, and tlie point of conllnence of three imjiortant roads. Lum- berin;^' o|ierations also will extend annnaiiy turtiier and further nortli, on streams of wliieii the iiead \v, iters lie nepr the Ottawa, l^avsville is also a j,'ood eeiitre for tourists, sportsmen and an;,ders, who like salmon trout, partridf,'es, ducks and deer. Leho Lake, not far from Baysville, boasts seven plates where seven lirst-class eehoes are heard. J}aysville contains a i,'rist mill, saw mill, shin,i^le mill, wharf, three stores, sehooldiouse, where P. Methodists an. I I'resbyterians worship, and, say, 25 iidiabited lioiises. The early settlers are IJrowii, Dickie, Hastedo, and the Lan^jford's. The Indians used to do all their tradin,^' at Hii,'win Islaixl, with Hif,'win, an Indian, wlio exchanjjcd furs for provisions. .\n huiian chief's d.ui^;hter and several other Indians are buried on the island. Cedar pickets whittled off with a jack-knife show the place of the pjiiives, amid cedars and poplars. .\ window sash, whittled out with a jack-knife and re;;nlarlv morticed, wliich was found amid the remains of ,ui Indi.in house, prove their ingenuity. KinouT contains 33,7^^ ''>cres of land and 3,779 of water. " The land is hij,di and roUinj,'; the whole townsidj, is covered with the finest description of timber; the western and north-western portions caimot be excelled for a;,'ricul- tural {)urposes." So says the Government surveyor, Mr. Kykert, who surveyed Kidout in iSU^. rKANKI.IN has 31,624 acres of land and 7,077 of water. It was placed in the market in 1877. It is well watered, contains a sufficient amount of pine, cedar, etc., for the wants of settlers, and water power to drive f,'rist and saw mills. Mr. Marsh has a saw-mill in the Township. 1-ranklin is rapidly settling' up, and will probably be, in a few years, an important township. MOXCK. Monck contains 27,835 acres of land, and 483 of water, is one of the oldest settled townshijis, and is practically out of the free grant market, but has some valuable farms for sale. It is an excellent a;:^ricultural township, and contains farms which would do credit to older settle- ments, some fine farms being in the immediate vicinity of Bracebridgc. The township has the important advan- tafje of frontage to Lake Muskoka atid the Muskoka River. A steamer calls at I'oint Kaye on Muskoka Lake, twice weekly, and also at Toiidern Isl.md, the residence of .Mcssis. I'rowsc and \\ ilmot. WATT lias 35,226 acres of land, and 12,057 of w.iter. The I'arry Sounil Road jiasses throu,i,di the township, whi( li ' is considered one of the best for agiiculluial purposes in I the Muskoka District. It has a fioiitage on Lake Kos- j scan, the steamer calling d.iily at Windermere Wharf. Dee Dank \'illage in this township contains store, hotel, I saw ami grist mill (the latter one of the largest in the j districts, school, antl other buildings. I The building now occupied as a I'ost Office at L'fford was, if not the very first school-house in the Muskok.i I District, at least the first north of Bracebridgc. Mr. II. ! W. (jill, the ]iresent ])ostmaster at Ufford, was the fiist I teacher. The school building was commenced in i8(i() j and finished in 1867. Mr. Ciill drew the first Govern- ment grant for scdiool purposes north of ISiacebridge. There is good sporting in W.itt, c. ^'., Mr. John L. Shea killed eight deer last season in this township. sti.:i'iii;nson. contains 42,973 acres of land and 3,262 acres of water, I the land bein:; "generally of a good quality south of the Seventh Concession," according to the surveyor's j report, which also alludes to indications of the occasional j presence of iron in the soil. Almost all the lots are ' taken up. The village of Utterson has a store, black- smith shop, a large hotel, well conducted by Mr. Collins, and a well-built C. M. Church, with stained Ldass win- dows, also a town hall. There is a daily mail to Brace- bridge, with daily stages. Port Sydney, on Mary's Lake, is a most charmingly situated village. Mere tourists can find a comfortable and well-kept hotel, whence they may make most enjoy- able boating excursions along the picturescpie shores of Mary's Lake. The Anglican Church, in the village, a large gothic edifice, furnished with stained glass windows, is a lasting monument to Kev. Mr. Cooper, through whose exertions maiidy the church was built. Port Sydney has also a public school, several good private residences, a large public hall, in which amateur dra- matic performances are given with great effect, and got up regardless of expense ; also a grist mill, oat meal mill, saw mill, and some good stores. It is reached from Huntsville in the sunnner by the "Northern" steamboat, and enjoys a tri-weekly mail from Bracebridgc, with a daily stage in the summer. I I m.-«!-»-»-.J-»-«-JU»JL»-«L.»JJ-»-»J»J-»n » a t 5«. •»<< d F^^^^^ I 'I ■— ,-,-,—- ^-^— — — ji.- , v%%» . r h >" i r « r « v» i r»%'«%'if«vrg« ' vvk»f*-»-'''^^^^ MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. 27 BRUNEL. There are here 41,206 acres of hi.id, and 3,437 of water. Tlie rocky land is set down as about one-seventh of the whole. All the available land in the township appears to be located. CHAFFEY. Chafiey contains 46,236 acres of land, and 4,039 of water. It is a well watered township, with good mill sites on the East River, and abundance of excellent land. The important village of Huntsviilc, in this township, is situated on the stream connecting Fairy and Vernon Lakes. It is about 25 miles from Braccbridge, by daily stage in the winter, and in the summer the journey is made via steamboat to Port Sydney, and thence per stage to Braccbridge. There is also a tri-weekly stage to Katrine and Ernsdaie. In Huntsville there are three cliurches (Presbyterian, Anglican and Canada Methodist), public school. Orange Hall, temperance lodge, doctor, printing and job office, weekly newsi)aper (The Forester), telegraph office, freight oftice, two hotels, live general stores, hardware store, butciier, shoemaker, tailor, milli- ner and dressmaker, harness siiop, two blacksmiths, seven carpenters, a pump and wagon shop, and two saw mills. Mr. Hunt erected a bark-roofed shanty in the tiien unbroken ft)rest nine years ago, where Huntsville now stands, and tliis shanty was the gathering place "of tiie clans" for all secular or religious meetings. stisti;d. We fuul 43,014 acres of land, and 3,i6S of water in tills township. There are no large pine tracts, but a good deal of "scatte'ing pine" through the hardwood, which is, as generally happens in such cases, of good quality. Aspdin Village has two stores, two churches (one being Anglican), post office, and school-house, with accommodation for travellers at one of the stores. At tile old site of Stanle)dale there are an Orange Hall, and four houses. Ilfracombe is a new settlement which has progressed with amazing rapidity since the first com- mencement of farming work in the spring of 1S77. It is comjiosed of gentlemen of good position and means from l'"ngland. They have made large clearings, ami expect to have an Anglican Church built and endowed soon with funds procured from England. MEOORA. There arc 41,619 acres of land, and 21,911 of water in this township. It has a large water frontage on the three principal lakes of the district, Muskoka, Rosseau, and Joseph, and is the favorite resort of tourists. The scenery and fishing in this township are unsurpassed else- where in the district. It is bounded on the south by the Muskoka River, the optlet of Muskoka Lake, celebrated for its bass and maskinonge fishing, and the romantic scenery between Muskoka Lake and the Georgian Bay. For agricultural purposes it is not so good as many other townships, being so much cut up by the lakes, the shores of which are generally rocky. There are, however, some good farms in the township. At Port Sandfield is a canal between Lakes Rosseau and Joseph, to allow the steamer access to the latter lake. Here is a bridge built by the Ontario Government at great expense. It is about 60 feet above the water level. The numerous beautiful islands on Lakes Ros- seau and Joseph have been bought by wealthy residents of Toronto, and other towns in the Front, who, in many cases, have erected summer residences thereon, in which they and their families can spend their summer holidays in boating, fishing, and other amusements, in perfect in- dependence and retirement not to be had at the hotels. The township contains the village of Port Carling, where there are .Anglican, Canada Methodist, and Pres- byterian Churches, two stores, two saw mills, school- house, post office, and a good hotel. It is one of the daily ports of call for Mr. Cockburn's steamers, and is a very convenient spot for t(.)urists, being centrally situated with respect to the Muskoka, Rosseau, and Joseph Lakes. Boats and guides to the splendid fishing grounds in the vicinity can be had on application to Mr. Thomas, pro- prietor of the North Star Hotel. A steam yacht of light draught, suitable for tourists and anglers, can be hired on reasonable terms on application to John Rogers, Port Carling. The locks here were built at great expense by the Ontario Government to allow steamers to get up to Lake Rosseau. The township was incorporated in 1.^71 (including the Townshij) of Wood). J. D. Cockbuni was the first reeve. Mr. Burgess, of Bala, is now ami lias been for some years reeve of the municipality. WOOD. Wood embraces 62,776 acres of land and 5,491 ol' water. Mr. Scott, who surveyed it (in part) in i^i7o, says : " There are two excellent tracts of land. . . . The balance of the township is much broken and very rocky, and almost totally unfit for agricultural purposes. There is good water power at each of the three chutes of the Muskoka River." It is one of the la.gest town- ships in the district, and has an extensive water frontage, being bounded on the north-east by Muskoka Lake, on the south by the Severn River, and on the north by the Muskoka River. The township is incorporated with j Medora for municipal purposes. y ;i ^»i i g3a i jajjurj ii:«-».ii»j»;»j>j>>jjji»-<«u^^ i:»jg=.riyiq p il«-»-*JiJ-«t.»-»>-»-->-.'J'-"..'^^^^ *-»-*-■-«-■■ mm Pmrm-mririB wg»-j^»=»i.».»-».^.w.».».jt.»i,»u!»..»..».»..»..».»jt:^ -•■ - -^^^'^'^-~-~- — >-w.w,w....._-j.a.s-. 28 MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. EAST PARRY SOUND AGENXY. The Agency contains three tosvnsliips, viz.: McMiir- rich, Armour, and Perry. The aj^'ent is Edward Handy, Esq., Elmsdale, Township of Pcrr}', eigiitccn miles from Huntsville. (See map.) m'mukkich. McMurrich contains 3^,787 acres of land (of which about 13,000 were reported as still ojien for location in 1S77), 3.3-4 acres of water and 83S of roads. Now, how- ever, nearly every lot suitable for settlement has been taken up. According; to the report of Mr. C. V. .Miles, P. L. S., the f^reater portion of the township is composed of open, rolling hardwood land, with a certain portion of tamarack, spruce and cedar swamps, very wet in some places. The soil is also reported by the same authority to be a good sandy loam in the uplands, and a rich black loam in the lowlands. "The timber is distributed in the following order and quantity, viz. : black birch, which grows to a large size, maple, hemlock, balsam, pine, spruce, tamarack, cedar, iionwood, basswood, elm, and oak." "The township is watered by numerous small streams, running into Axe Lake, Round Lake, and Buck Lake, the former two emjitying into the latter, and ultimately into the Muskoka River." "While the lakes are open, access can be had from the south by way of the Stephenson (Muskoka) Road, Vernon, Fo,\, and Buck Lakes, with two short portages ; from the north by way of the River Maganctawan and Doe Lake, into the north-east corner of the township." So much for the official reports, but to wind up the description of McMurrich, while ignoring Mr. A. liegg, the founder of the settlement, would be to give Hamlet with Hamlet's part left out. This energetic son of an energetic race, small in stat- ure, but of a large brain and tireless limbs, is one of those restless beings to whom a residence for a year in the san e place would be agony. On some hot summer's day he may be encountered, perched upon the stage wagon between Braceljridge and Port Sydney, gracefully festooned, like a Grecian deity, with fern leaves, which hide every feature except the genial and humorous eye peeking through the cool canopy of verdure. In a few days he dates from Orillia. A few weeks pass, and he is in London, England. He next turns up in Braccbridge, collects specimens of beasts, birds and minerals; advo- cates the cause of Muskoka at the Paris Exhibition, comes back to Canada with salmon ova, tramps many a weary mile through Northern Muskoka, and is again seen among the list of Canadian arrivals in London. Such a wanderer, keenly enjoying a joke, full of energy, pluck and new ideas, is Mr. A. Begg, the pioneer of McMurrich, native of the north of Scotland, near John o'Groats' House. He has been settled in Canada since 1S46. From 1S71 to 1875 he was engaged in promoting emigration from Scotland to Canada. He was applied to by temperance men to select a suitable tract for them on which to settle. In 1S74 he selected McMurrich, which was then entirely unoccupied. In the fall of 1874 and spring of 1875 he cut roads, built a saw mill and a shingle mill, adding a grist mill, and establishing a post office at Beggsboro' in 1876. The original programme of reserving the township for temperance people was not carried out, and the Ontario Government threw open the township to all comers, though at first the arrivals included a large number of business men. Mr. Begg expended much time and money in getting the township opeiicd up. He brought out at his own expense a civil engineer from Toronto to report on the soil and capabil- ities of the district, which report ajipeared in the Toronto papers. He has now lived to see the partial fruition of his labors, — roads, large clearances, good crops, and three post offices in what was in 1875 a waste howling wilderness. Such is the transformation effected by the pluck, energy and endurance of a man working at an age when most of us court repose. PERRY. Perry contains 46,334 acres of land (of which two- thirds are officially reported as being fit for settlement), and 1,610 of water. Mr. Chapman, P. L. S., reports good water privileges on the Maganctawan, and as to agriculture, he considers that while hay, turnips, oats, and the coarser cereals thrive well, stock raising would be the most profitable. ARMOL'R. Armour contains 40,655 acres of land, and 3,350 of water. The soil on the high lands is officially reported as sandy loam, while the soil of the valley of the Maga- netav/an is a rich clay loam. Below the forks of the Maganctawan is Burke's I'alls, possessing a good mill site, and seems destined to develop into a thriving vil- lage. RVKRSON contains 45,908 acres of land and 2,812 of water. Mr. Clemcnti, who surveyed it in 1870, designates the soil as "generally of a sandy U)am, light on the immediate sur- face, but becoming more rich as you dig deeper, with a fine subsoil of clay. ... I consider there is seventy per cent, of arable land in the township." The rocky aspect of the lake shores, so forbidding to an explorer, gives place to smoother land as he recedes from the water. BBS&B^SBSa^S^^BBSSSaSSBSasaSiBSS BsassaaBBss ■■J^-..g-»-»u»-^w.iij-»-l»=i Jg«->-.-.-.-.-.---.*B'>J-. ,.-.-.-.-.-j-»-..».--»-..ggg^^ MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. 29 Tliis township has pjained a wide notoriety in connec- tion with what mi^ht be ( ailed the " Donaldson Coloniza- tion Scheme." Mr. Donaldson's plan was that the On- tario Government should clear five acres on certain suitable lots in a selected township, and erect a house thereon ; that they should sell this partially improved lot to the small cajntalist for $200, and that he should still be liable to perfect the balance of his settlement condi- tions by the clearinf:^ of ten additional acres, and by residence for the otherwise prescribed period of five years. This admirable plan had for one essential feature that this payment of §200 should be in cash before the settler got possession. Thus the cash received from the sale would be put into circulation again immediately for the clearance of another similar lot. This essential cash element was ignored in the clearing and locating of the lots in Ryerson, and hence, the original scheme having been mutilated, and the Government thrown into the false position of a small creditor (with the usual result of not getting paid its claim), no unfavorable inference can be logically drawn from the comparative failure of the actual experiment, as against the original and com- plete " Donaldson Colonization Scheme." Fifty-eight families, however, have been located upon improved lots in the townshij), and one hundred families on unimproved lots. PARRY SOUND AGENCY. This agency contains ten townships, viz. : Cardwell (in Maskoka Districts Carling, Christie, Ferguson, Foley, llagerman, Humphrey, Monteith, McDougall, and Mc- Kiliar. The agent is Mr. Thomas McMurray, Parry Sound Village, in the Township of McDougall. CMiUWELL. Cardwell is within the limits of the Muskoka District, though included in the Parry Sound .\gency. It contains 4f>,275 acres of land, of which but a small part is located. There is a good stream in the township called the Ros- seau River, having several good mill sites, and a saw mill at the outlet on Rosseau Lake. HUMrilRICV. Humphrey contains J5,r)54 acres of land, and 1249G acres of water (Lakes Joseph, Rosseau, etc.), has a good water privilege at White Oak Creek, and has a great variety of timber, some of very large size. All the usual crops of the district have been cultivated with suc- cess, and although a considerable portion of the town- ship is unfit for settlement, yet there is excellent land to be found on the higher levels for agriculture, and on the lower flats for pasture, which includes the natural and nutritious blue joint of the beaver meadows. The early settlers were Mr. Sirett and his family, Geo. Milne, Mr. Williams, Edward Clifford, John Lorimer, Richard Irwin, and James Ashdown. In the township of Humphrey are the villages of Ros- seau (Helmsley), Ashdown, and Port Cockburn. The village of Rosseau comprises three stores, two hotels, sawmill, boot and shoe maker, telegraph office (at Pratt's Hotel), post office, express office, and school- house, besides Anglican and Presbyterian Churches. The Rosseau House, better known perhaps as Pratt's Hotel, deserves special mention, being the largest in the district and widely known to tourists. The enterprising proprietor (who is an American) has constructed a steam- boat landing for the use of his guests, and makes annual enlargements and improvements of his premises, so as to make the hotel finally, if it is not at present, the largest and best hotel north of Toronto in this province. Visi- tors will find here the comforts of a first-class city hotel, combined with the bracmg atmosphere and beautiful scenery of the Muskoka lakes, and will not generally be satisfied with a single visit. Mr. Clifford squatted on the lots by the site of the present village of Rosseau in 1864. He sold his right and title to about four acres to Mr. Pratt, the proprietor of the Rosseau House. The village was survejed in 1866, and Mr. Clifford left and took up another lot. Mr. C. was the first settler in the township, and the first settler between Skeleton River and Parry Sound. He now lives on the next lot to the village plot. Mr. Sirett was one of the first settlers in Humphrey, having arrived in 1S64. He is Immigration Agent at Rosseau. Ashdown contains a Canada Methodist Church, Orange Hall, store, blacksmith shop, carriage and wagon shop, and post office. It is situated at the junction of the Parry Souml and Ni[iissing Roads. Port Cockburn has a large hotel called the Summit House, aptly so named, and is a popular resting place for the wearied tourist, whence very picturescpie lake vistas through the trees, and refreshing breezes, are en- joyctl by the visitor, whose creature comforts are earn- estly catered for by the obliging host, Mr. Fraser. Lake Joseph is generally considered by visitors to be the superior of the three lakes for fishing and scenery. It certainly has the advantage of having perfectly clear water, the waters of the other lakes being generally of a dark color, Muskoka Lake water especially being very dark. F.quity Crest, a bold headland (marked on map) on the west shore of Lake Joseph, in this township, was named by some gentlemen of the long robe in honor of Chan- cellor Spragge, on the occasion of his visit. ,,i ,. « j,. ., . , U«JUW- ! ^^i«-«-»- » ^ - - » -»- » - » -»- * l-^ w^mm rrtPi 30 MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. MONTKITII. Montcitli may be divided into 46.373 acres of land and 2,169 of water. Considerable settlenT^nt has pro- gressed along the Rosseau and Nipissing Koad. The south-eastern and north-western portions of Monteith, coinjirising about half the township, arc reported as of rich sandy loam with clay subsoil, and good farming lands. The traveller will find an excellent temperance hotel at Seguin Falls, the proprietor of which, Mr. D. F. Burk, is a most genial and hospitable host, nor should we forget to praise the excellent cuisine of his good lady. CllKISTIE. Christie contains 43,954 acres of land, the greater por- tion of which is of good quality. i-OLi:v. Foley was surveyed in iSGG by Mr. Stewart, P. L. S., contains 36,043 acres of land, with 5,554 of water, and gio acres of roads in 1877. "A large proportion," says the surveyor, " of thi 5 township is occupied by water, a characteristic common to this portion of the Province. The lakes throughout the township are generally very irregular in outline, presenting bold, rocky shores, and great depth of water. .\n examination of the map will show their position and extent. It will be observed that, towards the western portion of the township, they become more numerous and irregular, as we approach the Georgian Bay. These lakes present scenery of sin- gular beauty and variety, and possess man\' attractions to the sportsman and tourist. The hills throughout the township are generally rugged and rocky, presenting in some cases impassable barriers. There are no large tracts of good pine found in the township, though occa- sional groups of very excellent red pine may be found throughout the hardwood tracts, worthy of the attention of the lumberman. Oak of good cpiality may be seen in various parts of the township, and birch is very abund- ant generally. . . , There were strong indications, howe%-er, in many places, of iron ore, and the effect on the magnetic needle was very troublesome, at times causing a variation of as much as fifteen or twenty degrees. I was not able to discover anything resembling ore on the surface, or samples would have been for- warded." Since the date of this report, a large vein of iron ore has been fouraJ in the vicinity of Otter Lake, which may at no distant date develop a valuable industry and source of profit to some enterprising capi- talist. Among the pioneer settlers may be named Mr. William Wilcox, Thomas McGown, William McPhillmay and William Scott, who have been successful in establishing comfortable homes for themselves out of the former wilderness. Parry Harbor (formerly "Carrington") is the capital, so to speak, of Foley. It contains a saw mill, planing mill, shingle mill, two hotels, a store, school house, a Roman Catholic Church, two blacksnn'ths' shops, a wagon and carriage shop, post oflke, and telegraph office. A very important institution in Pany Harbor is the Guelph Lumber Company, which commenced operations in 1S73. They cut annually eleven million feet of saw logs, and employ seventy men around the mill. The logs come down to the mill on the Seguin River from its head waters and tributaries. They have a store, black- smith's shop, shingle factory, telegraph office, and board- ing house in connection with their mill. This extensive lumbering industry is under the management of George McLean. They have a steam barge of thc'r own, The Vamhrbilt, which makes regular trips from the mill yard to Sarnia ami Duluth. In the w inter they emi)loy 160 men, exclusive of local jobbers. The Company own ^250 sfjuare miles of timber limits, comprising the town- ships of Spence and Monteith, together with parts of Hagerman, McKellar, Ferguson, Christie, Shawanaga, Humphrey, and Foley. They have an extensive lumber yard in Sarnia, supplying the western peninsula of Onta- rio with lumber. Ever awake to the extension of their business connections, they have opened another lumber yard at Emerson, Manitoba. For this trade they have an extensive planing and dressing mill at Parry Harbor, and the dressed lumber is shipped via Duluth. McUOUGALL. McDougall contains 35,521 acres of land, and 4,420 of water, is situated on the Georgian ]->ay,and was surveyed in 1866. Certain agricultural drawbacks are compen- sated in a great measure by its facilities for the water transit of saw logs, and by its unrivalled possession of the port of Parry Sound, around the siiores of which the village of the same name is built, which at no distant date will be develojied into a town of no small importance. The village will be described separately, but as to the lumbering facilities, it may be added that the Seguin River is a very important artery of saw log driving, fed immediately by Mill Lake, at the foot of which the Messrs. Beatty have erected a dam, the chute being ten feet high. The early settlers of Parry Sound and McDougall are Messrs. Win. Beatty, Alfred Burritt, William Bowers, Thos. R. Caton, Frank Strain, and I). F. Macf-»--:fc«: » j3Ji ii jjj3j-C. » j->jr » -^^ «>. ■ . . - ■ - . . . - ■. ,« . - . - . - .>-^^» - ^ - » - .> - . ^ — ,,.,....,...-^.^..^-.-..^.....-.....^^^^^ 32 MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. The tourist will find the McKellar House a home in every sense of the word. Tiie iiost, without fussy obse- quiousness or fid};ety and obtrusive worryiuf,', contrives to make the guest feel perfectly at ease before he has been many hours housed in the hotel, and boats are at his command for fishincf or {general idlinj^ on the lakes. The business traveller finds quiet and prompt attention, and reluctantly leaves this cosy hostelry for the unknown regions of the north. The writer, who lived in McKellar in 1874, on seeing a drawing of the village, from which that embodied in the present atlas is reproduced, felt perplexed which to admire most, the fidelity of the artist, or the gourd-like growth of the village during the last four years. It was like seeing the photograph of a full-grown youth after years of separation, and recognizing the old expression of '"jatures while viewing, for the first time, the stalwart limbs and expanded muscles which marred the recogni- tion of identity. The writer spent a very enjoyable time in McKellar (the frame only of the above-mentioned hotel was then in pmcess of ercctioni in the autumn of '74. Grotesque incidents cropped up thickly during his stay. To try to reproduce some of them seems almost like offeiing his readers uncorked champagne after the sparkling aroma lias fled. Let me begin by warning them against infer- ring anything discouraging against the fishing prospects of McKellar from what follows. Ill luck as an angler seems to be my destiny from the cradle to the grave. If there be truth in astrology, I was never born under the constellation Pisces; fish may play about my hook, and even commit petty larceny on the bait, they will do every- thing but get hooked, and even then the line snaps as a rule, so that I write" without prejudice, "as the lawyers say, to the trout and pickerel fishing, which is excellent. To resume. I fished, as in duty bound, with my usual tantal- izing result of catching nothing, with a costly fishing rod (lancewood end joint, patent reel, &C.), while adjacent urchins were hauling out their scaly victims hand over hand. As a last forlorn hope I tried Armstrong's scow, which was moored alongside the bank of the lower lake, as a fishing platform. An eight-year old McKellarite initiated me into the secret of getting irresistible bait — the silver minnow, which appeared in shoals near the waste water of the mill. The modus operandi is to get a stpiare shallow basswood sieve, and hold it quietly and steadily in the bottom of the water, while your confed- erate stealthily drops bread crumbs over it, whereupon the miimows, timidly at first, but afterwards in shoals, attack the bait. \i this stage, a quick upward jerk of the sieve, and lo ! a sieve-full of struggling minnows, enough for a couple of hours' fishing. Armed with this bait, I fished for two hours from the scow. No sooner was the hook dropped than a fish was seen darting at the I minnow, which sparkled like molten silver through the water. In two hours I caught enough fish, when strung through the gills, to cover an eight-foot pole completely. I marched to the hotel in triumph. It is true that some of the fish were very small, but still the solitary excep- tion to a life of angling ill-luck marked that day as a red letter day for all time. Its glory was somewhat dimmed by the looks of mild contempt cast by casual villagers, as they brushed against my up-lifted trophy. Entering the hotel, and expecting an ovation, I saw the McKellarites looking disdainfully at my spoils, and heard the words whispered, "only perch," in various tones of pity. In that region pickerel is only thought worthy of a true angler's aims. One critic went so far as to tell me that perch were full of worms in the fall of the year, though, worms or no worms, they are toothsome additions to the table. Taking this culinary view of the result, feeling that I had lost caste among the male part of the angling tribe, I retreated with my fish to the kitchen, seeking svmpathy from the softer inmates of the tavern. Little did I know then that woman, culinary woman, dreads above all things the eviscerating of small fish. Uut here I was subject to fresh censure. Sun-fish \\c\n found in my collection, and though the catching of jierch in a pickerel region may be winked at, tlie man who descends j to catch sun-fish is beyond redeuqititHi. That evening j eight feet long of perch might ha.'e been seen floating down by the mill, while the writer made a solemn vow never to fish for perch again. One angling duty remained unperformec'— to fish for pickerel. I visited a renowned pickerel habitat on the upjier lake, below " Falls," which at that time resolved themselves into a very insignificant water-spout, and as usual caught nothing. The soft and solemn scenery of the lake, its pine-clad shores, deeply scalloped by bays of every fantastic shape, gave no small solace to the repining angler. Reader, did you ever see a catfish ? If not, bear with me for a few short sentences devoted to that monstrosity. I forgot to tell you that, while fishing from the scow, I saw something wriggling, grovelling, and stirring \\\> the mud at the bottom of the water, presumably a fish, but possibly a musk-rat or an otter, for all I could tell. It snapped my bait off twice, with contemptuous jerks. At last I landed it safely and found that it was a catfish. I spared its life, and kept it in a bottomless barrel sunk in shallow water at the back of the hotel. One night a jovial gathering rejoiced "mine host,'" and lasted till the small hours of morning, when, about 2 P. M., somebody suggested supper. A foraging party assailed the larder. Tea and pork were unearthed, but no butter. I volun- teered, then and there, to catch a fish, in the dark, as my il .-»-»-.-.-»>-»-»-»JJ>>>J>J«A.»>>JJ.»JJJ^^ or 1 nil lie ! u. 1 in ed ; to i : j th ] i }•• 1 1 1 lit i It : \t i I 1 in i a 1 le !v r. 1- 'y IgpB ■^jr...gB:roCTaa rm''m''m'm''J'J'm''J'J'JVJ'm'm'm'irm'a-m''tr^trm'J'trm'if»'a'-«jJLCjg. ii . i .»i--»j-»ji-iL»^^^ '--»---»-■-*-' ■ji»»-»j»-»-»-»-"-* I I!" "0, ■ A. - JJJ- '» . '»=»i:»»J«^ - '> - » - . - » - . - » - . - - - - - » - - - » - » - ' ^ ^ ^ 34 MUSKOKA AND PARRY SOUND DISTRICTS. pioneers of a new settlement, who are often subsequently bou},'ht out by wealthier successors, so that their very names fade away from public record, let us say that the McKellar pioneers included Mr. John Henley (who un- fortunately lost his life in Manitowabin Lake by the cap- sizing of a canoe), Peter Leach, James Hrownlee, James Buchner, Samuel Armstrong, Henry Moffatt, and Alex. Hardy. HACERMAN. Hagerman contains 45,389 acres of land, and 3,577 of water. It is noted as containing excellent land and a peculiar limestone, the lime ol)tained from which will bear an addition of five or six parts of sand in mortar. Mr. Geo. Kelcey, an English settler, who was a master painter and contractor in Rugby, England, settled here some years ago, and has now some seven hundred acres, and one hundred acres cleared. He may be called the founder of the village of Dunchurch. Mr. Byrne's official report of Hagerman is said by some not to have done it justice; parts of it which he gave as containing 50 per cent, of good land having proved to be from 70 to So per cent, of excellent land shop, Union ,iouse, (S:c. • an Dunchurch it testone Lake con- mill, blacksmith shop, and wagon-r meeting house, Methodist Church A more beautiful site for a v would be difficult to conceive sists of two parts, connected by .ery narrow channel, over which the North Road, that great artery of travel from Parry Sound, crosses by the vill.nge bridge. CAKMNG. Calling is situate on Georgian Bay. Mr. J as. Bolger, P. L. S., who survej'ed it in 1S73, reports 52,9.26 acres of land and 2,223 of water. " A little over a third part fit for settlement." The names of the early settlers are : Messrs. Robert Blair, John McNair, I'inlaysons, Arthur Starkey, Joseph Cole, James Aloes, and — . Morrison. Messrs. Moore & Atkins own a saw and shingle mill on "Synie's Creek," near the Georgian Bay, and have shipped lumber to ports along the Welland Canal. MAGANETAWAN AGENCY. This agency contains three townships: — Chapman, Croft, and Spence. Mr. S. G. Best, of Magaiietawan when cleared up. Per the first two years after it was j Village, in the Township of Chapman, is Crown Land thrown into the market, the land was taken up rapidly; | .\gent. after that time not so fast, as the land hunters as fast as they came into the district were advised by parties, from interested motives, to settle anywhere except up the north road, and hence few lots were taken up for the next three years. The settlers who took up land when it first came into market have, without exception, done well. There arc very few of them who have not from 30 to 40 acres cleared, Mr. George Kelcey (above referred to) having about 100 acres cleared. As a rule the settlers, owing to the excellence of the land, get their living from it, in- stead of at least partially depending on lumbering and other work for a li\ elihood. Being thus able to give their undivided attention and work to their farms, they are progressing rapidly. Though the townships south of Hagerman were longer settled, yet Hagerman was the first township north of Parry Sound to send grain to that CIIAI'MAN. Chapman contains 45,486 acres of land and 3,120 of water, ami is generally broken and hilly. Excellent crops of hay, oats, and cereals are raised, and command high figures from the lumbermen. At the foot of Se Sebe Lake are Miller's Falls, offering abundant and constant water power for manufacturing needs. Tlie progress of Maganetawan Village (see illustra- tion) has been simply marvellous. The first necessity was some mode of crossing the river, and the first bridge across the Maganetawan was built on floating logs. A team crossing would sink the logs during the progress of transit, and the bridge recovered its level after the load had passed. This free and easy style of bridge has been replaced now by a permanent structure. To give some idea of the rapid progress of the settlement we may market. The farmers have good buildings, stock, etc., 1 mention that a gentleman who visited Maganetawan and raise their own wheat and pork. The crops have never failed, excepting when the grasshoppers eat up everything except the beaver-meadow grass in 1S72. The finest potatoes which the writer ever saw, either in America or Europe, were raised in Hagerman. Some of Mr. Kelcey's potatoes (early rose) were sent by the gov- ernment agent to the Paris E.xhibition. The principal village in the township is Dunchurch, on the Northern Road, about 28 miles from Parry Sound. It contains (Dec, 1878) a store, post office, steam saw Village in September, 1876, reported the existence at that time of one store and no hotels, in fact no stopping place except a sort of uncomfortable shanty, which gave free ingress to the winds of heaven. He also noticed Mr. P>est's Crown Land OHice, and Mr. Irwin's house. It had no appearance of a viU.igo. Now, there are two licensed hotels, four general stores, tin shop, baker's shop, watchmaker's, flour and feed store, school-house, and three churches, either built or in process of con- struction, whereof one (the Presbyterian) is to cost is^s^ U^»JJ!J.J-»-'^»i.»-»-»-»-«.»-»-»-»ji.»,»jj.».»-».^»j.j^ !y^»^»jjj,»jj'jj!j ^sa^ ■'■'^-^•;.-;r, * ,' ..".•** -"• '■' ^•'■'i y ,,,3w^^'^^^^'--^ ■■■'■ c-u ^ •^--;#?^;:fe^■v■;■'■'!;^;/■■- .-/' -T' - - ■- ■.■■■•■f\-'i-.''-».:nV.''..l/ ,0*twci,-ii Ma-ano- tawan and I!uik(!'s I'all-;. a distance of -.; miles, travelling ihion-li a well-srttlcd cuuitiy, on both sides of the river, ini liidinj,' the Lest jiarl of Ryerson, and some heantiful scenery near Se Sebe Lake. \ second steamboat from the foot of Ah-Mic Lake to the ,\Lijra- netawan is almost certain to be in operation in time for the oi)enin>,' of iiavi^^'ation in iMjq. CKoi r. Croft contains 44,866 acres of land, and 4,042 of water, has ^'enerally a soil of sandy loam intcrspersei;:o was refused for a log house and half-acre lot. We understand that a good hotel is now in operation, as well as a store kept by Mr. Frjcr. NIPISSING. Mr. Beatty's farm, near Lake Nipissing, can find few rivals in an\- part of Canada, It is comiiosed of excel- lent land with good claj- bottom. Mr. Heatty originally came in by the Ottawa and tributaries, having to portage his goods over the breaks in the " magnificent water stretches." He then utilized the I'rench River and Georgian Hay route for getting in supplies, and now tra- vels and teams via Hracebridgc. He has undergone great privations, and deserves credit for \enturing on what when he entered it was a " howling" wilderness in the most literal and woltish sense. He has partially received his reward, having sold hay to the lumbermen at from $35 to $50 per ton, and So cents to $1.00 per bushel for oats. ' «J-«J-»U»-»JJ-»JJJL»-»U»JJJJJ»JJJ-»J-»JJJ-»J-.J-.-«-»-»-»J.^^^ f •I*,' rirw^mS^^iBiSm^St rtfSfyyir ' ' ^^.■'■^^-■'-•'^'^-■--■'- '■■^-^■^'^-^-^■^■•^^'-s^-^'^-^'--'-^--^'^—'''''^'^'-----''^'^- APPENDIXES. APPENDIX A. EXTRACTS TROM TIIK rRI-.H GRAN P ACT OF iSfjS. No person sliall be locatoil for any land under this Act or saiil n ^'illation:., unless sucli person is of the aj^e of eiglitem years and ujnvards, nor shall any ]>erson be so located for any greater quaiitit)' than .'oo acres. Hefore any jierson is located for an>' land as afor<^said, such person shall make an affidavit, to be tle[)ositod witii the a,!,'ent aulhori/ed to make such location, statin.i,' that he lias not been located for any land under this Act or under said rej^'ulations, and that he is of the age of eigh- teen years or upwards, and believes the lauti for which he applies or desires to be located is suited fi>r settlement and cultivation, and is not \'aluable cliietly for its mines, minerals, or [une timber, an » ^ ». ^ »i l MWaggiTi 1 I - '■ - - -ryj -~-'-'--'-'-----^ I * » w f ifci r rtt..— I- ~ II ir ft i y-CTg g>jg^--»--'»--w----»'-'»'.' Al'i'ENDlXES. 37 locntion, and tli.it tlic s.u.l paleiit is ilcsiiud uiulcr the aiitliority of tliis Act. On t!iu ati.iit fur any l.iii.l so locaNii, all his then ri;,'ht and interest in imd to siu li huul hliall diiscend to and heroine vested in his w ichiw dnrin.i; hi r widowhood in lieu of dower, in case tluie he Mieli widow siuviviu),' such locatee, l)ut sucii wi(h>u m.iy elect to have her d'nver in such land in lieu of the provision aforesaid. No land located as aforesaid, nur any interest therein, shall in any event he or become liable to the satisfaction of any debt or liability contracted or incurred by the locatee, his widow, heirs, or devisees, before the issuiiij< of the patent for such land. After the issuinf; of the patent for any such land, and while such land, or any part thereof, or any interest therein, is owned by the locatee or his widow, heirs or devisees, such land, part, or interest, shall during twenty years next after the date of such location be exempt from attachment, levy under execution, or sale for pay- ment of tiei)ts, and shall not bo or become liable to the satisfaction of any dei/t or liability contractetl or incurreil before or during that perioil, save and except any debt seemed by a v.did mortgage or pledge of such land, made subsecpiently to the issuing of the patent. Nothing in this act shall be consirued to exempt any land from levy or sale for rates or taxes heretofore or iierealier legally imposed. OUDHUS AND KEGI'LATIONS Made under " The Free Graitts and Homestead Act of iSfiS," and " The Public Lands Act of iS6o," by order of His Excellency the Lieutenant-Governor in Council, dated zyth May, iHinj. 1. The (juantity of land to be located to any person as a l'"ree Grant, under "The I'rec Grants and Home- stead Act of iN()N," subscfpicntly to the 23rd of January, iMkj, shall be one hundrcil acres, but in case it shall be made to aiipear to the satisfaction of the Ccjinmissioners of Crown Lands that any person located or to be located as aforesaid, has not b\- reason of rock, lakes or swamp, one hundred acres that can be iiKule available for farming purposes, the quantity located to such person may be increased in the tiiscretion of the Commissioner of (Irown Lands to any number of acres not exceeding in the whole two liimdred acres, so as to make one hundred acres of such farming land ; and the male head of a family located, or to be located, under the said Act, since the said 2jrd day of January, iiS6y, having children under eighteen years of age residing with him, may be located for in all two hundred acres. 2. Any locatee under said last mentioned Act. being the male head of a family as aforesaid, shall be allowed to purciiasc an additional 100 acres at 50 cents per acre cash at the time of such location, subj(;ct to the same reservation^ and eoi'diiions and the perfonnanee of the same settlement duties as are provided in lespect of free grant locations by the (jth and loth sections of the said Act, except that actual residence and building on the land purchased will not be re(iuired. J. The right is reserved to the Crown to c(Mistriict on any land located under the said Act, or sold as herein- before provided, any coloni/sation road or any road in lieu thereof, or partly deviating ^roni any government allowance for road ; also the nyjit o take from any such land any wood, gravel, or other materials reijuued for the construction or imjirovement of any such r(ja. » - » j>- « >j>j^ ^ ^ .1 "*J i; i ::.,3 ;;> \\ .1, n 1"H'lt •"-**'^"^^^lfcy*y'^*f^ '^ ■^^'^gijl tf ^iraB i rSWii'iiVVJSZ'Srf^ '^ ^'i.mii'.^i^.i:'^:'^^^.' p^i -': i r'n'%7' « y i« V'^ -''i''"''' »* i ' i ^ i Ti*"" ' *T*-'*[~^-'*'^^ 38 APPENDIXES. Quail, from ist January to ist October. Woodcock, from ist Jamiarv to ist August. Plover, from ist May to ist November. Snipe, from ist May to I5tli August. Water fowl, which are known as mallard, grey duck, black duck, wood or summer duck, and all kinds of duck known as teal, from ist January to ist September. Other duck, wild swan or geese, from ist May to ist Septeml)er. Hares or rabbits, from ist March to ist September. Beaver, muskrat, mink, sable, martin, racoon, otter or fisher, from ist May to ist November. No eggs of any of the birds above mentioned shall be taken, destroyed or had in possession at any time. It is also forbidden to hunt or kill deer at any time for the purpose of exportation out of Ontario. By I\evised Statutes of Ontario, cap. 201, it is not lawful to shoot, destroy, wound or injure any bird what- soever, save and except eagles, falcons, hawks, owls, wild pigeons, king tishers, jays, crows, ravens, and black birds, and the birds mentioned in the game list. APPENDIX C. CLOSE SEASONS lOR FISM. White fish, salmon trout, lake tri)ut, from ist Novem- ber to 16th November. Speckled trout, brook or river trout, from 15th Sep- tember to 1st May. Bass, from 15th May to 15th June. Pickerel and maskinonge, from 15th April to 15th May. The above-named fish must not be fished for, caught, bought, sold, or had in possession during the close ' season. j With the view of affording better protection to fish in i Trading Lake, and streams llowing into it, the south branch of Muskoka Kiver, Black Kivcr, Seguin River, Maganetawan River, and their tributaries, parties angling for pleasure in such waters will be recjuired to do so under Special Permits, in accordance with the Fisheries Act. These Permits may be had on application to W. E. Foot, Esq., Fishery Overseer, Bracebridge, to British subjects free, to other persons on payment of a small fee. jMMMJMjmM^ i-»j»-»j»j»j»egM5Bia,«jj'Jt^< ssaa wKr«ifii' •-M-MJ^-^l mmmmmmmmm !l .\f \/' 01'- ]j] D r\ h J :i) i) r) I ow \snin ■ MUSnOHA El in* ri fl ■« .1 " H II <' 11''' II ,» if "1 It:: "«M «/4 /H ^ * P O Black pivl" K^«^^Bk.lk4M ' ^ ' C?'?^ T L!* ' ' ' - ' ^^-'*^^^ ' 'i?--- ' ^-'^ -^>:"- yJ ' L ' -'*!*'*/ ' ., ; -s.j^ ^ ?^^ ?^ ^^-i^ ' ' '* ' TT ^yy ," t"^^^ '' * ? v*; ' '*.?* ' y-^- ' ?gg' " ■•-!'\'H. ' -, ' ^? T*r° JPi^ ^^j^ '"-^iiNi^,,, Lo, .' ','1 ^^^ ''-■^- ,. "On't ".Jir ^^^^ '-V >^ <'.■■•■ '"V^ ■•■■„ .>^"^^=<" /v W y. 1^ 2 J.' ih ' gn «n -^il .'in ■!■■ ';" ' "''."I m ■ ■ ' , '^" ■ "I' "'" 1.'"' n N N" fct ., • .? . \ »•<" ""fi -vi-.v-,, ■ ^-^ .1 >•"" S" ..-I''"' ,1 .vf«.../v., V'-,. '"^M^ '•;;•.;?;• ''v';^ •> JSw.^' •i^"^^? ' aJ "V"'ife i»t^^|i*< ■I in- M ' "'I • i' lit ■ti I*. 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J; A v#,i n M "■' l\.„.,J -'■ i;'.',u,.,>.;; J Ir!,.., * ,, ^;wiiii.,,.,,.-j y V> JL-^' ,l,„r., '-X r««ir«„, •y'>"<'i(.»l f" ..IK I. I,,,„l,.,,.„ll *'^ J^: :i .^ ...v.,.,,',,,,,, -''^^■'^.■'■'■'C II i\r A r\^ r A '•".i'"T.|\ih 1 V, J 1.:; MM »l .1...,, KM ►■ •II. ■»r. « ,-!„► A(. /•. M\/' Oh' J^J^J Ll>iiJL-A / 7(>U.VS7///> < I I t % DRAPER 1 « £5 y / : ■•■■■■■■■i 20 M.\r oi- ^j] 9 Lj £L j\ i^] TOWS Sim- ^^/^v/> ../. e >■] A F P" £ y '/VMr.v.v/;/.. , r* 'ti •- '1 r ^ r : i i ! , 1 i! -.--1- 1 - - f '1 - '. , 1 - -i : J fen f? V 21 II. 11 B H U N a L. "Ill uy •■11)4,' ("•"•■ 'H >!»( \\y \i \n I VI V - i\\ I I '■'"M I ..,r» 'l v!?" ■/•owx SUII' It -<^---.L,=..,^„»^,6 offW i.«^^ 1^ .1/t /< C 1 (/■ i. A K V Wl — ^ i ^ III! 7-- T*r- J «^ -J \/ .v/> or STO ^T^D •/ '11 ' '►' t.; J:i,; uiiiM i; <;; .in'l ::ll ^ I ■J a J -J w' S J Q — n: < i o ; m.. il c-i : * 1 =5 ' ?•■; : ::^-: ST C f H C N S I J N • -w. nr FliAl^]<^ LJ ?J V.MV.V.W//.. 25 CH A F F E Y SINCLAIR 9 '•! ..„, ;. 'v:::;:i;„ 26 MAI' <)!' r' A z\ r) V/ ^^ I ) ---F-=f= ^="Vt=^ ■ f ' - 'v ■ '»■ \ :. yz ■ ! 1 .Xlll, ^4.J 't-it--r-'^r=T^-r !UI J iXf :s, s ^ / 3 1 t \'II ;-- ^, ^•vIS ,rv;-) r--. r ^--i- ! I III ;ii:;i: I -1— i?. i-^'l^^ /! I C :^s^'- WATr a-.!^ ^ 2 1^ 'J !^ i — ^ •' -■ ■< \ ^, h-<3 ,!>;•) l^'x^-- imfSll/'tiy \ I' /. tTOf^ TRADING LAKE i/.W' or Ji ] Q ■'£)'%!) "^y rnvvysr/i I- 27 H / N D O N 28 ,■■ !; <*■■ » '■ t ■^ Ii 'v:;;;i. — -, . , i I r • ■« SPPIHii i. \ ^. y- ■^ -' __~ - '^y ; "'I "^ • • " • < \ -^ ■ • **> ' * ^ /, ■ ■ ; ; > ^ ij :;. • "^ ■ f: /i ^r ;:: .. ■- :i ' / A/A/' O/- J^!^f|j?V TOU V>////' IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) k A ^' 's^4^4i, lo de. {< K «? & M V' 1.0 I.I |50 ■^" ■■■ iLiI iU 11.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. USSO (716) S73-4503 L1? ,-\ iV \ :\ ^^ ^ \ ^\ ». "o- .^ ^ ji^ ^I^' mmaa V .,.1'" V ""N. t" "I' /,c' 'J ■^^5= ^?J K ^,5>4^;-' -f If T ' V'^'^'>-' i5^ ^ v. 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X %l. a^.,.. -f -+- • ^^ 'i^.^.5 -S.(-4- ■-H-' ./ft .»■ [/.I* Ay^o ri/ Bill iiliiii i }'""■_) ■-l..-.-^ 2 i Nl/MffYfCy c i : 1 ' ' lA ' % 1 ' '■ \ ^ ? ', >- -i.ij . ;.h i '* i if::;: h MARY LAKE ^ .^A /t'i'i*';*-*;''-''"' •' .-, ,!'l'./Y7' .S'}7>.VA)' 'I -W Ci 's ' 5 C 'if- t-- SPENC-E. .. ... .J » |i e t -" ; - ■; IK 44 ' 1 H I c > •HI'*, :i:i, 'k '•• 1 » »..,, ^■'i ^■^' ■■» ;iJ %>• :i c: 3ft 1 ^ SHAWANAGA lat— ^— |fc>Hfc^»tviaf.j&y urn l y — y A* %,fmh, f% »f .. ,.-,:• !l n • ■ 1 P.l /?/.'> SOIM) 1*1 I'; '1' W,.. |i:J\m;> or i^^ riiLJi^J^TOMA-^f""' w V, ■KHI ;i .\/.\r nr J^)] ? ?y] U r? jS J CrJ /VMr.v.s;///-. WD 'nP ..if ,, •■ 1 • 4lf!;;: xr/ sTc o t:5 c: i ^i ^fi:l MAP (W 'S)(|A'?Ki}A jN) TOW SSI III' LO UN r RY£RSON 3 if .:i.-.» SB::: %!:i l. 1^ ! 1, ; ^ . ! * ; »i 1"! - F* e isj c e: • <»*w»HMn«ai«»B»nM»i,a«,.' i • U^ \^ "TOWN P LOT O F ■ St It/ f i(> ( Ihi I II s /If I I n r h '0^^im4^wsrysfmaim'smifm!K-Ki>*s % ■:■-• - m* t yiK'i im>T:im! ? "l .'SliBfl. •■■■■" '•"•!"' '/V,.v,, < j-r.. J A S A R R A >♦ ^ /v ,V, ,„•„.,.' ' '■ „. ■■ Vii.y.i'. /V,„A.„.,,.V.',^ SULLIVAN ^ELOERSLIC \ ///, (■7,..„- .1.., )..«., ■'■ y;" G L ENE y ■■ c '.>■.. 4 \ 3 e N T I N C K A^/*'- \INCAnuiNF. i B R A N -i>': \ .■.■•■■,■,; ^,,,,^^„,, ./I-,/,,/, ..11,/,', ,,,.,,. "ifi. " ' ". , w.„ /;■■,., i?V~ " "■■■■••'■' A,.,/.,-/ ^^'^ .. B F . ,, .,;^'" " .. ,■ • \ i:.,..- , - '^>». II. i.,.»ir' ">■ 1 ,., -I,.,; -^^ ' «' "'"'.'"','..'' •^x*"""-"!'* "■'■•■'■■'■ ... WuX-^, \ "'■'■ u,^, ..„,,, V>M....'»;\ ... ,„„.. li.'ll' r(,'ll I,*'? fi • "' ' el'^ .-Ml,,' / ,. 'J^ •.v/,,..!,:' ,,,,1,,, * ' 'r ^ I.,,. 1. 1..,., A I M— A- 2=^=-^ V •■■•'"?■« "'•1 r-^ . ''.■■ '' K , ^^':<"cAn ,1,1 N %V,.|-,„..(^,_ C H /i r F J. y' \ -- 'Cv^'' A •"•y.,..,...v....| '^'■A i: ; >■' : ■ WOOO -^ •...'»' / ''DRAPER . Mir* 'J V,.*. ' ■■ '-V , t'-'' V,,.- wooo -^ •, .JW" ,- 'draper . ' -\ '' Mir* ' ■'.* J .V. '*.-/;f ,, '1.' J ^ *',' ^-' \ ,' ; i , . • ?'■(;''. '"r ■ ^— '-> ,■ .' rf" *'*ji V— '■ JBTi^^ . ■■. .r. I . HYDE..' • _- ' ^ ,■ ; \ ■■■; "-.v. ''Vl. -V.L . *^ .V' '^. r^,N or?, uui A,-y^v y ^ //,w/„-*.Jv.^ .^l,„-',.„,/ " ^, ^J\: '■■'•': ^■'\ \"X ' " -^ ■ "\ \ ^V-LJ-'- Nl Oft Lt. /.' ./. /.v. «'^' N o r T A w a\a r, a L I V A N V. '■■"■ •• i, h'^Ku land \' ■.■'■■• ■■•'^ COLLINGWOOU^ EUPHRASIA ' .„...;(..«'■"'■■ ■f'/ 1 A h /., >y;,,.„W/, /,.„„v ,-/-,'■••/, ./• "■::.r:::';jL/7 .w/Itnorah. - .:7r-'^::.\;^... r . ,,. . .,, G L ENELS C N T I N CK ^'^■■•"■•< ,;.,;,,,,, .1,1,. . I,,-.', ; 1)1. 'yt. , ■"»' -"■ uT^' _ . '•'■" ' ,■■1^ '>''■'■• .w ■ I,.... i: ■^ .•■~ A |:,V^IUL«M OUIO IT '5^""'°-"'"y? I.;,., -i,.n, ■.I. , / l.„v(...» C O T T /„..■. 1, nil , «""?';;iu.'.H,a.. ■ V vv-„ .^ vr>- |.„„,v*,il'.'--/<:«''f*"'""''''r \ .■..-(,„)• "*' C £»B^ '.'O N 7 I . .tfr^'' V^^^"^ .-,V..LLIMH wW \ ■■ - ^ ■ w ea" r"SP/< iT' P M I.I. '.Ml,- M n P iVI 3f>J r . V .^- *.: \ ■ ■'■' '■■■■- ^^„^L. \\,i!„ u tjr-' ''• ■- ■■''V '•"'""j^»»»'Ti^i ...I 'k':i".'JH5' 0(..,,„„„vl\4 NVICT. L I „N ^4tr',,T O X';^, N c * w E" ' L' <; N. ...,si,>i My.-'' iii^„,i.,„„ ViiM... XB. pi^^erinp .. .,,,.,,.1,. I ■■ «■■"■"■■/ ¥&'{,'•'■ ''■..■■ *» \. ' "" ' ' «'»•>*' '■'" ■1|^. \. . '. \ .;.... .,^......'- 's;.^;:\,:*,c/« p ■ lij .. MARK ...I M"". XWli'ill.. itill l...llllll,. niJii'.'i'.,'""'""! ,,. / "■■■\ jl__A^..\ , |i.- . ?-. ill" , ( , „n^ ,^^ .;-'y^ ■" ••"• .-1.. , / /N;' , y NH-KOl , r\rtl.... 1-I»..»IV I., I'- 1, •^^ -..^■■K f/ I-: ■•■J'] I.^^X \ '•'''•■'■•^A"*'':^^ '■:■:■■-:-."- . "■■■ \P'"-^<=-^^'..V/^'''^^--'''..^. ■.r/riyy-''''-' :/.; .'-■■"'.- I ■ . . ;.,k \ r'iriftViniin°rrf/fe^^''''^"^'' , ,.1 ■ 52 /ay OF J^ Pi, yy] S2) U Fh J'owwsiiii'. V, \ ♦Hi « 'I'll !'{ 83 .\/.\ r nr T r\ £j ]] S^ /owx sinr. MA. OMAR ■;•; f ■ ■• . i/-y//* (i^/^ M A CM AS.^i^^- ^^^>5'^ »('■' si • illi:: J T R O /V C .V6& o/i'strr 68 MAI' OF Pi y Z; ri 3 © M TOWMSIUI'. \ ■+• = i ! Th y\ k; ■■ ?,"! .r> 4- t— J-,- ^^==^. .k^ ..' .^tv."^^ . : . r-- 1 — T "Jt ' c-^ =r-^ -•^H^-" '■■>/ r- 1 2 i-' '-^^ ■^T" rrT- • -tpS-t-Tf ^, ■/^^ ^- ait ■•f;!P-' ^'■■;.r^^ 'm. ;ijs - '■■■ ^^ .■!*• ■ ;-'■ ■ ■'^l\ ; ■;- -'■•♦■■- S»^ BEGGSBORO. cy /i o romy^HiP lw U. - ,4-J ■JL ' JI g' .r- t^Sti .. . v-y/' -./■ © E T la mi E ro^Jy-.'^yffP /*•/«? (5 1/ c/ f S f N C L A t m . V a/) 'OA' SO'E .^Jtt 1 w 1 ''°'=^'-*J'-*"'-''-''-''-»-»^ BRACEBRIDGE BUSINESS CARDS. HXJBER'S BOOK AND VAKIIiTY STORE Wholesale and Kelail Dealer in Books, Stationery , Fancy Goods, Toys, Wall Paper, Fishing Tackle, &c,, &c.. Sec. Tourists' Requirements a Specialty. N. B. — School Books, Library Books, Prize Books, and School Supplies a specialty. Any Books not in stock will be procured and furnished at publisher's prices. K. M. WHITE, Cliit'f Cdiisialilo iif till' DiKtrlcf nf Muskoka; Haillll' of ihi' I'irsl J)ivl>.lii]i Coiirl, Iilstiiel of MuiskuUii. Udic'o ; "A..WJJ».J»J..W.WJJJJ-.»J>J-JlJ»JJ!a .-*J-1-».»J-!»Jl-»-!»J>J!Se ijm^ m j m J r . m ^m jm^.wj,jmjm^wjr^^^^^^.^.j'^mM.wjmj,..9.-^mjmjm.jm.w^.^^m.:m-m.m.m.^KSK»i si BRACEBIDGE BUSINESS CARDS- [Cont,nuedJ sign Largo Mortar. Odlco: MoiUreiil Telegraph Co. BRACEBRIDGE DRUG STORE. A Fill, .siri'i.v nr Drugs, Chemicals, Perfumery, Toilet Articles, Patent Medicines, Dye Stuffs, &c., Kept constiMitly on hand. PrcKorli'tUinK carefully itrcpurcii. SAMUEL I3KIDGL.\ND, M. D.. ..... Pruirietor. BRITISH LION HOTEL. Centre of the Northern Highlands and Lake District of Muskoka. DOMINION HOTEL Rin?EKT (HLCllKIST, rKOrRIETOR Affords Firsl-Class Accommodation Good Sample Rooms and Free 'Bus to and from Wharf. To the tourist ami business mnu. Kates from ?i jier day. V/. F. BURDEN, Proprietor. The l)est Stable .AccoininiHlation in the District An Amei'icaii Bowling Saloon in Connection. J. PRATT, Watchmaker and Jeweller. BK.vcEBUino:-: anu hintsvili.e. .lewcllory, Wati'lics, I'locks, Knncy (JikkIs, Stationery, A.c. VVutfli Repairing a .^peeialty. NORTH-.\MERICAX HOTEL, URACKliKIIKiE. Fii'st-Ciass Accommodation CiotKl Sample UiMtni-, IJiiliaril Uth.ni. I'KliE HVS TO :\N\> EkoM \VH.\KF. Hales -1 per itay. D. KENT. - F'roprietor. ( AVERLEY'S STAGES. Tile lliiliy Mail and Kxpre.-s Slaves lietween lirneehiiiii;,. .-nul llllnl^ville. Hi-si aiienrinn palil to tra\(Ili i-s and hnLvau'e Leave Itraeehrul^e at H a. Ml ever.v da,-; arrives .-il Unntsville at 4 i>. ni. Be Sure to Ask for Caverlcy's Stage. E. WARDEL, PHOTOGRAPHIC ARTIST line door north of Post citllce, Copying and Enlarging a Specialty. gUEI-N'S H()T1:L. .rciiN iiii:i;iNs, i'h.h-hietoi!. Till- IIoi|..e has liren lal' Iv reno^aled and is now FREE (".RANT C.AZliTTE Printing and Publishing House, K. K. Slld'IIKNSliN, I'lloPHIKTOH. One of the Best in the District. Kv.Ty.leseripllonori.etleM-resH rnntlnce.v- l-reo'linsioand rrom Whall'. (icio.1 Sialiliiii;. Terms Ono Dollnr Pt-i' Dny. euipL.\I M< Li:01), ' 'lealir lii Sii:;: \V,Hcy.l\ijcr ILn,,^c,\j':n-r.,vcr Groceries, Bool,> and Shoes J. i;. .V K. M. l'.Rn\VXIN(., .Ns;enls li.i- lie Canada Permanent Loan and Savings Co. .\Inne.\' lo I.oiiii. I-'ire and Life Insai-aiie,- elleelel in u""id i'i'i|iri.',iii y eoni|.aidev. l-'aiiiiK tu'\'l on ('oniini--^i<'U. < iiiii-,* : .Maniioha Hireel. J()K1).\.\ rosT, House, Sii>n and Carriai^o Painter. PapeT- llah,'inv, f ii-ainin--', 'il:i/inu', ^ m j , . m ^ m . ',:^ ^ , j . j . j , j , j , :s '/■: j-«-»-.-.-.-»-.-.-.-.-.« ig.r« ^r^ja>^--j''--^-^.'-syi«rv'^^^ BRAGEBIDGE BUSINESS CARDS-[c nh .dJ CASHMAN BROTHERS & CO. K(!C'|p ihi; hir«r~l ami Ip'si sclct'ti'il ^tock nl Groceries, Dry Goods, Ready- Made Clothing, Boots and Shoes in the District. irmuiiiu' and I'IsIUuk I'lirlics will llml II iidvniitiim'Oii,^ to buy tlii>lr RUpiillcs Irimi tlii'in. aghicultuhal hall, _ . _ _ Manitoba street. i;RACEi!Kin<;ii and iuntsvh.lh. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN SHELF AND HEAVY HARDWARE, Cook, Box, I'aiior and Palciit llcilirig Stoves, Bar Iron and Stt;cl N.iils, Locks and Hinges. r,:tty, (Uass, Scvtlu-s. I'oiks. Shovels, Spades, A.\es, Adzes and I'Mge Tools of a'd kinds, (inns, Revolvers, A:e,, .\n'.:minilion of every description, I'aints, Uils, Varnish and Brushes Sewing M.achines. I'k'Utjlis. r.-inniiiM Mills, (.'uttiiiK' Boxes, Horse Bowers and Buple- nients of all kinds. None but tirst-class tinsmiths employcil. Have TrouKhing a specialty, Daniels & May buy for cash and sell for a marginal profit. JOSEPH coopi:r, Saw and Shingle Mill, IlIVKH STUKKT, HUACKliUlIiGK. Well Seasoned Lumber Always on Hand. MUSKOKA CAKKIAGJ: WORKS iinhTi for nill Mliiir iironiplly iilleiuled lo. l)e>-irahio Village l.ois lor >aiu at iiiodiTate [irlees. BRITISH ENSIGN. W. O. TURNER, JOHN HAW, Mamilacliir r of Waggons, Buggies, Sleighs, (■|TTl:US, *e , Ac, REPAIRING NEATLY EXECUTED. Ilorse-slioi'Ini! donewiili neatness and dispatch. BLACKSMITH'S SHOP, Ontario Street, STKBIIBN J.-\K1, Ac.. Is piilil;..lHil al | Tlie "Ibralil' rriiitlii'.' c illl.'e. i n-aimi- Hall lUiild- liiL', M;iiiliolia siivet. evei> Thursday niondiiL', and will liesiiii to any :,dilr<'ss, po>tai,'.- prf palil hy the piilillsliers.oii leo'lpt of the sulineri)iiion, il.'i'), strleilv in lulviiiiee. The ;iieililie~ ol ■■'111'- llenihr' I Itllce lor exe- cntiiii.' IliM.li iin.l .bill rrinilritr of every descrip. lion ill'.' niie'iieill. d In Miiskoka ami I'lirry Sound, (lur material is all new, and with the lale>I sivirs of t.spe, tioixl pr.s.sis, iin.l Kklllnl wi..l(iiieii, wi. lire eiialiled to do Hork iiiisiir pn.^sed iiiiiiilario. i ird.Ts from a ili-laiiee re- ceive prompt alleiition and forwariled free of ""'""'"• K,T..mA|.-FKACo. I'ubllshcrs and I'roprii tors. bracebridge meat market, H. .MrKAUI.lN, ■ I'liopiiiKrois, Prime Beef, Mutton, dc, Always on Hand. Iiomlniun Street, orrosiTK THE kibe hei.l. W. REAR, M. D., Physician and Coroner. Residence and nitlce: Domlidon Street, OVV. CANADA Ml>mi(>l>IST I'AIWUNAOK. BOWYER'S Saddlery, Collar and Harness Depot Manltohii Street, liUACKliRIlXfE, - ONTAHIO. Ontario Boot and Shoe Store, OpiKislte Uomlnlon Hotel, JOHN SMITH, Proprietor. Only (Irsl class workmen employed. C'liarges modenite. WILLIAM r.URTON, TAIt-iiK, ite. Gents' Clothing Made in Latest Fashions. A perl'eel til i;iiaranieed. DiiMINlON STRKKT, liUAl.KIlRIDliE, D. P.. LOWE'S Bakery and Eating House. liuns, I!i,.*eults, Wcddlnu Cakes. JlANITl^HA STREET, URACEIiRIIXiE. LIVERY STABLE. Pallv Stftfje hetween nraeebrlilne and Rays- vllln, connectlntr with stenmer " Deiin " on Trad- lHK l.ake. Mall seml-weckly— Tuesdays and Sat- urdays. JAMliS I.ANGDON. ri«ifRiETOit, JAMES LANGDON, AUCTiilNEER, Butcher and Cattle Dealer. (InloiN from private ran\llleH dellverwl to any part of the village with promptness. iBB^aaaasBBBi^ssBsaaBSSSBSiB^^^^i^^as >-»-»J-.u»-»JgqBg 3i ■^•■v it::: i i , » jjjjA » -»- ^ - » - » - '» - ' - » - - - ' - ' - ' - ' - - - --'-"-'-'-'-'---'-'-------'-'--'-'^^^ BRACEBRIDGE BUSINESS CARDS- [Com nuedJ The Old Established Waggon Shop, JOHN (ir,(lVKK, I'HDlMUKTOK. Waggons, Buggies, Sleighs and Cutters MiinufuctUR'ct :il r.lioricsi n.-li'T, K.'piilrs Ileal ly fXCM'Uti'il. REAR HUBER'S BOOK & VARIETY STORE. The Old Reliable Shaving S.Joon, CiiiK)!,Ui> Tel' ririipli (itllio. Where ymi can nel «s '^'ihhI work ilone In the Toiisdriiii line (\s y()\i can i; ul all brali'ls uysters In season, Ici- Cieaiii m sniiinier, wliolesale ami retail. Call anl Ihc pioprielor. I'ETICK M. SHANNON, Aiii'iil for London and Ontario Investment Company (Limited.] Money to Lonn from 2 to 20 years nt 8 per cent. Also a*rent for IlacKcrt Uros., Rrampton, Aff- rlcnlmral linplenicnts. Cniiiimssioiicr In ti. H. lor takini; afllilavils. Issncr of Marriage Li- censes, Ac. S. H. ARMSTRONG, Wholesale and Retail Butcher. Onlers from privat'' lainiln's pri>m|illy attended to. HANK uril.liINUS, MANIT'HiA STREET. S. E. RRACHER, tiealcr In Groceries & Provisions, PATEN r MHDICINKn, kc. Atlas of Free Grant District of Muskoka aiul Parry Siamd. Price of Atlas ■i.ri.M); SInKle Maps .Tic.; Slnsle \'iews lis'. Sent iK>sI free oil receipt of price. l-"or sale at Naac llnbers lMK)k and v.ariety store, liraeebriilKe, or .lolm Hoticrs, Port Carling 1'. li. HUNTSVILLE BUSINESS CARDS. TORONTO AND NIPISSING HOTEL, Tiros. DIRTCH, I'KorHIETOH Good Accommodation For travellers, tonris's and land seekei'.s. (jix'd .Sainpli' Uooius. JOHN S. SCARLETT, GENERAL MERCHANT. Coinn)i>-ioni r In q H, , Issuer of .Marriage Lleen.ses IMKldy live nood farms for sale. Set- tlers call or write and net orie, s and t. nils. POST OFFICE STORE. J. E. KINTON. 1 li'j' in Groceries, Dry Goods, PRi 'VISIONS, BOOTS, SHOES, Ac. THE OUEEN'S HOTEL, JOHN P.VCIE, Proprietor THE FINEST LIQUORS AND CIGARS, llilliard Room, (iood Sample RcMKims for Travellers, (;. T. DUNCAN, Harne,-, Saddles, Whips .\nd all llors,' hnrnislilni;^ on hand. JOSEPH G. RUMSEV, CONVEYANCER, Auctioneer and Commission Merchant. Commlssloiii r In li R for taklnn adidavlts, rancellations and l.oe.iiions eilei'ti'il, Paleiils ohtained ami lielits eoll.cied. i hoii'i. farm and VlllllKe iols III he 1,1 or ^old IMl ea>y ti'mis. Uttlce and re-ideiie.s P. o. lliuldini;, lirNTS\II.I,E, uNTARlo. THE "Eori:sti:r." Pnhlisheil every Eriday In Hunisville, situated In I lie heart i f 1 he iree uraiil di^lrici of i miarln, has the widi-1 eirenlaiii'ii, triviin; ihe mo-t faiihliil reports of liie progress of the si'illers and resonree- of the distilel; Is Ihe h(^l lne- diiim of iiiinrniation lor iniendinu immiirraiits, ikiid allords the (jreale-t ailvanlai,'es to adver- tisers of any paper pnhllshed In the dislrii't. 1'. W, Ho\vi..\M), r \V. Ci i;u<\v\TKK iV Co. I'Alllor. Pllhlishers. DANIELS .V .NLVV, Tiealers in Shelf and Heavy Hardware, Wholesale and ileiail. HUNTSVILLE AND HKACIUiKIDCE. Roirr. iTnLLH's, General Commission Agent Aii'l ( 'oiiNcyiincpi', Farms Sold or Let on Commission. HUNTSVn.Ll-. S.WV MHJ^S. E. AMBLER, Proprietor. All Kinds of Lumber Always on hand. VERY LOW PKICES. sti:ami:r '• northern." Itunniiit: lM-l\vn Port Vernon & Port Sydney On Mary, I- airy an.l Vernon Lakes. DENTON & SMILEY, Proprietors, REicc E (."v McDonald bros. General Store. HUNTSVILLE AND KATRINE. . « . « . » .V"..%.'gn.»>»«»«»VkV"«*.*«».» , .^ i'.i;knard phh.lifs, General Estate and Commission Agent, Clerk of the :ird lilvlslon Court, IIINTSVILLE, ONTARIO. ■ WJ'^ V^!'jn.»»».»J'.».»W^-^-^^^^ rj^-..>-w--,»A.-'>AV.y-'>-'.VWAT.»^^ j»j-»--m MISCELLANEOUS BUSINESS CARDS. H. G. LAD ELL, iM-aU-r In Dry Goods, Groceries, Provisions, CriMkiTj-, (JlnKswiiri'. Ac. I'oui Sviv I , Stiihi; ami Post Offick. [Sc- llhiilriihunl SVDN i;V fI()Ti:L, W. H. MORGAN, - Propi-ielor. I'dllT SVIINKV. Sltuntcfl oil Mari' IjUkc. tiiuMl acoonimothu tloii for tourl.sts [Sei' llliistralloii.] 1^. f. HAMILTON, B. A.. T. C. D., imACKMRlDOK, MUSKi iKA. Author oi ilw ilcsoripllon or Miiskuka ami Parry Soiiiid ill "Tlic lIihifVcloiiiHl rorllims of Ontario." IMMIGRATION AGENT For Ontario (iovi'miiu'iit. IiH'ormatioii i;lv 'ii to iiiti'inrui); siMtlcrs, Iniid- sf'i'ki'rs aiul investors on n-rcijit of slampi.Hl en- vt'Iope for ri'jily. Will sliortiv lir |iul)lisliccl . " I'acis hIkuii Mns- Uokii," liy W. K llainiiton. H A. T. I'.Ii., unci '• Stltli'rs' TiSiiniDivv aliuiit MusUokii," collwti'il liy \V. K. Ilumiltoii, II. A.,T. ('. h. R . SCARLETT, GENERAL MERCHANT, liry (iooils, (iroci-ric'.. Hardware. Cu-iiural M(.'roliainli.''t*, ami Issuit of Mar- riai,'!' I.ioi'iivo. itti;hsi/n, ONTARIO. ATLAS OF Muskoka and Parry Sound. <'o|iii's of llio .\tla.s or any portion tln'i-oof, nia\ in- liail on applicalion to Isiuic Ilulicr, lira'c'Olpri.is;.'. II. I!. I'ai;.- A i 'o., P.O. Hox ii>-,, Toronio. or to Join, liouirs, I'oii Carliin;. l'rli'i> of Atla.s t:','*); maps, 'yi riMiis larh; llliistralions, l!.i ouuts OlU^ll. I'OKt IVtio, JAMES MEDILL, KATIUNK. Dealer in Dry Goods, Groceries, U(K)ls,slioi'S, Ciiina, (ilasswureanil Eartli- unwari'. i'rovlsious a specially. S. R. G. PExN'SON, General Draughtsman. rinislicd tlrawlnjfs nuule from ronsli skPt('lios. Maps, jvlaiis. pti-., draw n ami litho^'niplieil on tlie sUortest mil ice. UK YONUK STRKKT, TORONTO. POLAR STAR HOTEL, J. W. THOMAS, - Proprietor. IMRT CARLlNU. ContlKnoiis fo r,alti's Muskoka, Rosscmi, Joseph, and smaller I,akes. Splendid Fishing Grounds. HUATK AND GUIDES, I'ort Carliiig is one of the dally ixirts of enll for Mr. Cookbiirn's steamers. STEAM YACHT. A small Steam Viielii ean Me ohartered for loiiritt and llsiiiiii.' parlies on very reasonalile terms. .\ppiv to .1. W Tliomius, I'olor Star Hotel, or to .loliii Roj;ers, I'ori Ciuliiif; 1'. O. GEORGE B. HESLEY, roRT CARl.iNti. Mill Owner and General Store Keeper. All kinds of Hawed Lumber In sloek. GRAVENHURST BUSINESS CARDS. EMPIRE Ml'TlAI. Fire Insurance Company OF ONTARIO. Head (illlee: No. 26 W-'ellington Street East, TOKONTt). I'resldenl .lAMKH IllRNS. ICsii. Vice i'resideni, • W. K. CoKNKI.I., Ksii, Manager ami Heerelar.\ , A. T Wool). HaiikeiM, . ■ HANK OK TORONTO. Soileitors, - - KOSTKR A CI. ARK. Keoiiomv iii the Head Olllee hm n Kreat deal to do Willi the siieeess of an Insnraiie.' roin- luiiiv. The rnnnini; e\|ieiises of the lOMI'lRIi, are verv li|.'hl wlii'ii eomparnl wi'li oilier Com- paiiii's, .'Hid II is onr sole aim lo j-'ive the piihlle till' heiiellt of a eheap liisnraiii'e, and al tlie same time gooil seeiirlty. J. r. (.•oCKniRN, Atfeiit Oraveiiliiirst, A. COCKUURN & CO., URAVMNIH.RST. PHILIP i;artholome\v. General Mei-chant. GENERAL MERCHANTS. D,y Goods, Gncenes, icss j^ Mj i L m j ' .^ m j ' ~ ' .J^ ' J. » - ' .''-'-'''''-»-''''-^-''~''-'''''''''''l'-l''l'- .Settlers, I.nniliermen and ToiirlBts Supplied at the LoAvest Going Prices. J. E. CLIPSHAM, lieneral lilaeksmilli and CARRIAGE BUILDER. Kpeelal attention paid lo Horse HhcK'lnt;. Hardware at lowest prlees. GRAVENHtlRST, ONT.\RI0. L. LOVE, Bl&oksmitii and Carriage Builder Hmiaiies, Wa^iL'ons. CiittrTs ami Sleialis always on hand or made lo order Horse Shoeing a Speelalty. All work ({Uaranleed, V » j, » jjj » , » - » - » - » - » - '' - »-»-"-'-'-'-»-'"-'-'»-»-»-»-»-'-'-'-'-'='^^ ill %1 GRAVENHURST BUSINESS CARDS-[ContinleuJ ALBION HOUSE. FirstXlass Accommodation For tourists iiiul travclors. GOOD SAMPLE ROOMS FREE. Frcp 'litis to niid I'nim all trains unil SlOHIlllXJUtS. McKINNON & WKSLICY. I'Koi>KtETORS ROYAL MAIL LINE OF , STAGES, I I RuiinliiK (liill.v I<> "11(1 riiim (irivciinirst, South | Kalis, Ilra<'('l>riil>;i'. h'ulkcir.Hirit, R.WHt'au, ami DtilU'riii li/ld^''- K. W. MDMANSON, Wholesale and Uetall Bread and Biscuit Bai(er, Tastry Cook niul Confectioner, Maganetawan Stages | Leave Ur.iveiihiir«t cm arrival o( trains. I/A-; D .,../ T , JT // DEALERIN CANNED FRUITS, Vehiclts Provided for Tourists and Travellers. , >-' » « ^j, J. r. H.\K\'II-; rRoPKHildH. I oysters, Lohsters nml sardines. R. KIMBER JOHNS, Conveyancer and Land Agent, Agenl foi' serving Legal Notices, &c., for Muskoka District. OFFICE NEXT TOWN HALL, ORILLIA BUSINESS CARDS. QUEEN'S HOTEL. First-Class Accommodation GrKKl .Sani)il( Uoitins I''ree. Ba^^age Taken To and From Station Free. Terms .t^I per -i (ti i,\iri.KMi,:> r.s. J. w. si..\\i;n, Druggist and Bookseller. (ikii.i.iA, oNTAkin. .MACLIKirS IIOTICL, .N"i;ir l\u- .M U. .statliiii JAMES MAO U IRE, Pi-opi'ielor. KIrst-elass aieoninii>latloii for travellers and farmers. Tirnis fl I"'r day I'Ri:]'. (.R.VNT EAND.S. Wall maps of tln' IHstrict .,r Muskoka and I'arr,\ Hound, on a seni,. ni two and ii. half miles to oiii' ineli, mounted on liniMi, with rollers, Iiriee fl .j(l. .i«)iiN Ki»i;':us, I'ort CHrliUK ■ ■ ■ ■ . ■ ■. ■ . ■ - ■' - ■ ■'--'-'-^'-'■-'-■"■-"-"■-''"■-"■-■" ■ ■»-»-*-"-*^^^ . ■ - ■ J. » ^ ' .,. » ., » ...< .» - " >. » . ». > » - » j. . » j^. " - ,» - » j- » - » j- » - ^ ^ PARRY HARBOR BUSINESS CARDS. J^ lj J Wj .y^ ' t. THE GUELPII LUMBER CO. {Limili.l.) Wholesale .Mamiriu'turcrs of all klmls of Sawn Lumber, Planed Lumber, Shingles, THE THOMSOxN HOUSE. i ROBERT THOMSON, Proprietor. rAKKV IIAKIiOK, I'ARRV SOL-\U. LATHS, &c.. Ac. I ,,., . , . , . I li. IS hotel IS convenieinly sitiiatf.,!. niul commanor or Parrv Sound on DEALERS I N GENERA! nRV r-OOT-.<= i rrrr,^' f T "'',','""' "'•''"'■ry atl.nt.on is ,,aid to the com- ^.rv-i^c-j-VO liN UtiLiN t^tXAU JJHY GOODS, I !■'■( of guests. 1-reo l!us to and from the Steamers Stage for the i iNorth in connection. Keady-Made C'lothinf!, Ikiots and Shoes, Groceries, I'rovisions, Hardware, &c. GOOD FISHING AND HUNTING. THE McKEE HOUSE. The first-class hotel of the District, commantJing a splendid view of Georgian Bay, and in the neighborhood of the best fishing grounds on the lakes. Good Accommodation for Sportsmen, Tourists and Commercial Travellers. Separate sitting rooms and entrance for Indies. Montreal Telegraph Ofike. All steamboats call at wharf close to house. JOHN McKEE, Proprietor. :. J.\MES FOK.SYTII, GENERAL BLACKSMITH. Ilorse-shoeinj^ a ^pe.ialty. All Kinds of Smith's Woi-k Done in a satisfactory manner. SBaaassasssB Carriagi: and Waggon MANU FACTORY, I'.MUIY Il.\i;i!l)l!. Tho uiiilersli^npil hosts In inform the liilmlji. Innis lull n'i>orts of local news concerning tile fi-ci- ni-ant dlstrii'l-;. H. JUKES, Proprietor. TIKIMAS McMCURAY, I'roprlclor. H. NOLAN, T jftk. I I-i O PL .lAMi;."! sthki;t. Heniral Ucalci--^ in DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, rrovisioiis, linidwarc, Ac. Surveyors' and Lwnbcrmcn's Supplies, FRANR STRAIN, IVnler In Stoves, Tinware, Hardvare, Harvest Tools, Novelties, Ac. JAMES STREET, - I'AKKY SOUND. ATLAS OF Muskoka onti Parry Sound. Copies ot tlie .Mlas or any i^ovtion lliereof, mnv lie laid on application to .\rtliiir 1,. Holmes, I'arVv Houiiil, H. U, Paite A- Co., r. (I. lio.x liwi, Toronto, or lo.).ilin Ho^iTs. I'orl ('.irliin;. I'riee of Atlas t^JUl; maps, VI cents eacll ; lllllslratiolis, 'ij cents eacll. I'ost free. SEGUIN HOUSE. Good Sample Rooms. Free 'Bus to Wharf. Boats f,,r Hire 'iVrnis y 1 per da>. K T. KIHKMAN, I'liOI'RlKTt'R. J. R. VANTASSEL, I'AiiUY sor.vi). Dealer in All Kinds of Furniture, Ai-'rlcnltural Inipleinents. AKcnt for SewInK Mnclilnes, Spclulit A Sons' rclidiratcd Wat'iions, luel several tlrst-dass In- surance ComiKinies. Money to Loan on Ueiil i:st»le. Kiirms IViinilil and Sold. McKELLAR BUSINESS GARBS. THE McKELLAR H0T1:L. W. r. TIK.^MSON, ri!OI>RlErOK. Tills liotel Is situated in the vlllaue of McKel- Inr I Hi miles from I'arrv Soiiiidi.on the shore of oiii> of thP heantifnl small lakes which siirnamd th(' village. It Is acknowli'>>>^^ »»» ju b j u j TfViTiTSBigiC ire."JJU*^y^^l^JiLy>.^*.»-*-»-^ ^ * >J^^ ^ ^ r. I ill"* TORONTO BUSINESS n \RDS [Cumim 1 1 ] y\. NORMAN, 4 QUEEN STREET EAST, TORONTO. N. n. — Hloctric l^aths, Siilpluir liatlis, Vapnr. MoiMuip.l and Sloani I'.ntlis .ilwavs rt'.nily on the proiniscs. Tho ciniisiir,', tonini; and stri'n,L;tlipn- inR e'lijcl of tlicT.t; Maths is \v.>ii.!orliil. inanv cases ol)iluv, I'aialysis, and otliur ('lironic I'ls.asrs liavu boon ciin-d by tlicni, whi^;!! had baiiicd the bkill of tho cost eminent pl-.yiiiuians. Kcnieinbcr tho ad'lress : 4 ijuooii Stiool Kast, T ;ili'i jiriinnHiif'il in In' tlio lie.-t roiULiJy lor rfilf\iiis.'i.iiiii over liiaoiivofod. The Cheapest Mc'dicine Ever Made for Internal and External Use. It slops Ili'Maln mill lilistprinc of ri Kiirn sd M"in li> lllipiii''l. I! slops 111'- p:cill. limits tin' ^W'-tliiitr, aiiil ninovfs tho ,,ri Mil ill all siieh eoIll|ilaillls ol tile hoWeU, Wllieil so sniui exhaust 111'' sii'-imHi of yoiiii'.,' eiiililivn iMriiiL; ihe sum- ni' r neiiillis, aial, iini.'ss prom pi ly arre.^ie'l, soon prove laial. Snniiiier Coinpliiints are neni'i-ally priKliu'iil hy over-repli lion 01 ihe sioniaeli ; 1 hi' lood pass, ill'.; inio ilie hmvels In 11 mori,' or less Indit'esieil stiiie, eau-int' irritation and illsiurhanee, or h.v the iniroiini'iion of indinestilile and irrilatini; siilisiaii'' s. MH-li as raw v^'eiuhles, iinripii and wuir fnili , eliaiiiie ni water, ele Sold hy all liriiKirisis and .Medleiiio Dealers at .'i'J oeiits per liottle, or tin-oe for ono dollar. MILBURN, BENTLEY d PEARSON, I'roprleioi's, Toronto. BETTER THAN GOLD. IIAGYARD'S Mn\ ill II Kef t ln' >.|M't'.ly ;in-l [H'l'in.iiit'iit t'uri' of Coughs, Colds, -And all I'iseasesof thoTliroat aiul I.iinv!s. ITS CiiMI'MSiTIiiN, 11 is lormi'i Iron; the liesi known an'l mosi r. I.al'h' liai-aiiis, (iiinis anil \'e_"-iahli- Tonles, in ehi niieal niii'iii Willi the 1 xlraei or Wil.l fheiTv llaili and I .i'liiorie". in lla'tr Iresh aiai nna'liii- 1' r.'Ied I' rnis.and llie liiosl i,ieasalil ami eiliel u .. e 'in hi 11(11 loll llial e.ni lie seellje.l, with a view to permaneiii leln for our.-. ITS .MldUr.M, ITlnpi:KTIi;s. lis elliel ni'-.i.einal pro|>erIies are ffealillL', Sni'ihini;, siiniiilaMiiiz 'loiin' a'd Ilxiieeiorani . 'ilie I, i'liiorie,- ...utiles ali'l ninoves all Irrlliili.in and inihiininaiii'ii, eleaiisini; and healiii;,' ih" ni; lis >iiiiaie~ i.r 111.' iliroiit and air I'liss.-i.j.-s lead ill',' loilie lung's; and Wil.l (lurry Hark lias a snpi-rlor Tonie p'.wr, and is ainoiig tiio most Yalnalde (lo'iiieines In use. Kroni ils Mr.\- naiiire it heoomes almost a speriii,' in all .liseasi-s a'!eeiiiii; the inneons .snr. taei's, Mlell as w lind in Hi,' Moin.ieh, Mowels anil IiiL'esiive sysii in ; ill 1 he Line.;- and ilesplratory Sysiem. anil in ihe If line aii'i rr:iiarvS.vslems. Ileiie.' n-oiii aelih!,' on the nineoiis siirlaees of the entire l{".-|iiiaiijry Sy-i"iii, ils wonderiiii onrative I'llieaey is seen ill eiiiili){ Hoarseness, Collitlls, ColiN, (.iiiinsy, Inlliiin/.a, froiip, ( 'alarrh, Afiito iiii'l Clironle ItronehUis, .Asthma, Wliooplnn Coiiu'li, Aeiiio aii'i Chroiiie I'l.iirisv, Spitiini; of lliiHiii. Wasilnsj of l''lesli,unil ail Hiseases of tlio l.nii'.'s. .Mothers and muses should keep It for eases of pinerL'ene.v. sin'li as Croup, .\st lima, Hoarseness, or oihi'r diseasoH of tlio tliroiit or luiiKs (hllilren are siiti.leel, tn. I'liil dlreetlons aoeompany caeli liottlo. PRICE 23 CENTS. L^».V.VAVAV l " . "n i 'r , 'AVAV.»^^^^^ ^} •i j I