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LABORATORY 
 
 OF THB 
 
 INLAND REVENUE DEPARTMENT 
 
 OTTAWA, CANADA 
 
 3! 
 
 BULLETIN No. 411 
 
 ARSENIC IN BAKING MATERIALS 
 
 45873—1 
 
1 
 
 iB ^ ' 
 
NOTES AND COMMENTS. 
 
 Under this heading, as occasion anises, the Bulletins issued by this Department 
 will contain, as an appendix, such comment as may seem necessary or advisable upon 
 matters relating to the work of the Department in connection with the administration 
 nf the Adulteration Act, the Fertilizers Act, the Feeding Stuffs Act or the Proprietary 
 Medicines Act. 
 
 It frequently happens that correspondents ask information regarding the above 
 Acts, cf such a nature that the matter in question possesses general interest, and 
 comment upon it would prove acceptable and useful to others than the immediate 
 luestioner; In such cases the reply may find a place in these columns. For con- 
 venience of reference these notes will be numbered in series. 
 
 A. McGILL, 
 
 Chief Analyst. 
 
 15873— IJ 
 
il 
 
 ml 
 
 i 
 
 it 
 
 LABORATORY 
 
 INLAND REVENUE DEPARTMENT 
 
 OTTAWA, CANADA 
 
 BULLETIN No. 411 
 
 ARSENIC IN BAKING MATERIALS 
 
 Ottawa, July 29th, 1918. 
 Oeo. W. Taylor, Esq., 
 
 Asst, Deputy Minister of Inland Revenue. 
 
 Sir, I beg to hand you a report upon the following classes of food materials, 
 
 likely to contain phosphate of lime in their composition: 
 
 Baking Powders 71 samples. 
 
 Seir-ralsing Flour 30 " 
 
 Oream of Tartar Substitutes 12 
 
 So-called Egg Powders, etc S9 
 
 Total 1S2 
 
 In a recent report (1916-17) of the Medical OfiScer of the Local Government Board, 
 London, England, Dr. A. W. J. MacFadden draws attention to the fact that in some 
 50 cases. Acid Calcium Phosphate. i>,s used in Cream of Tartar substitutes, was found 
 to contain excessive amounts of Arsenic, reaching 400 parts per million, and in one 
 instance, 643 parts. On investigation it was found that all the firms producing the 
 contaminated article were already awaro of its character, and many of them had in 
 their possession stocks of contaminated acid phosphate which had been returned to 
 them, in conseiiuence of the activities of the food inspectors. Instead of destroying 
 this material, or employing it in uses where it could do no harm " it was found to be 
 a common practice of manufacturers to dispose of acid phosphate which had turned 
 out on their own analysis, to be considerably contaminated, by mixing it with another 
 lot of the product which was free from, or only sliRhtly contaminated with arsenic." 
 
 Acid calcium phosphate enters into the composition of most baking powderr; and 
 is largely employed in self-raising flours, pancake flours, cream of tartar substitutes, 
 and other articles which are used as foods. Since sulphuric acid, which always con- 
 tains arsenic is employed in its manufacture, it is to be expected that traces of arsenic 
 will be f f d in acid calcium phosphate; and a tolerance of 5 parts per million 
 
uUowad by Order in Council of October, 1912 (Q. 1048). The limit for bftking powdwi 
 i» fixed at 2 perta per million, and although scli-raiaing flourv and egg powders are not 
 specifically mentioned, it is re&ionable to interpret thia limit number as equally apply- 
 ing to them. 
 
 In my last report upon Baking Powder* (see Bulletin No. 860, of January, 1917) 
 the Arsenic content was not given, and the present report may be regarded as oom- 
 plementary to Bulletin No. 360. 
 
 it is satisfactory to know, as the result o'' the woric now reported, that rery few 
 sumplcs of the classes uf food materials which n^e usually made with acid pboaphate 
 I if time, have been found to contain more than traces of arsenic. Only 6 samples are 
 reported as yielding more than 1 part per million, and only one (1) sample is found 
 to contain above 5 parts per million. This particular sample (No. 76S69) is found to 
 yield 25 parts per million, and must be refrarded as adulterated. Its occurrence 
 •iiftices to show the necessity for occasional inspection of phosphate-containing 
 materials; and it is particularly at a time like the present, when chemical manufac- 
 turers are bedng pushed to the limit, that the use of raw material, not properly 
 purified, may be expected. 
 
 I beg to recommend publication of this report as Bulletin No. 411. 
 
 I have the honour to be. Sir, 
 
 Your obedient servant. 
 
 MoOILL, 
 Chief Atulyet. 
 
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