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Tous les autres exemplaires oriyinaux sont film6s en comment ant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la derniAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols —^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN ". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmAs A dee taux de reduction diffArents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour §tre reproduit en un seul clichA, il est film6 A partir de Tangle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les iiagrammes suivants illustrent ia m6thode. 1 2 3 1 2 a 4 S 6 ..t-^^ ■f y soldi vVH- i rx / ^ n A .f yvv e^ REVIEW //^//.r ^ z^- t OF THE \ REV. DR. GRAY'S "REPLY" TO THE "STATEMENT OF SOME OF THE CAUSES WHICH LEO TO THB LATE DIS8ENTI0N IN THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH, IN TE2 CITY OP SAINT JOHN;" WITH SOME GENERAL REMARKS ON THE SAME SUBJECT. BY THE RET. R. B. 1¥IC}€}I1V^, A. IVI. AUTHOR OF THE " STATEMENT." SAINT JOHN: VRINTID BY IIFNllY ClIIIIBIl AND COMPANY, PRINCE wil;liam-strket. 1851. % //J w-'-. ■1- . m h> Sf ^ '' 1-- i,lj^l5P|i(!«p.yVip^, «■* **:^ REVIEW When Dr. Gray stated in his note to me, that if I were so " un- wise" as to place the correspondence on the subject of the controversy before the Public, he would know '« Iiow to meet it," I really thought that he wished to intimidate me. If I had any doubt of this motive before, that doubt has been quite dispelled by his Pamphlet. It is just one bold and dar- ing effort to intimidate. At the same time, it is subtle and plausible to a degree that utterly amazes me ! Not one general principle in my Statement is fairly met and answered, and where the attempt is made, in the case of facts, the attempt is a failure and a falsehood. What I have said was too strongly put to be set aside by idle assertion, or to be broken down by mere declamation. The whole tone of the "Reply" is discordant; the cause was not good ; and this is betrayed by the temper and disposi- tion of the Book. It will do no one any good— it will make no one any better. While dealing in personalities alone, all personalities are disclaimed ; and the author of them charges upon me the faults of which he is guilty himself. In reviewing this Pamphlet of Dr. Gray's, I shall first place, in a clear light, the misrepresentations and false assertions which it contains; and I shall begin with the latter, which, though last in the order of the Pamphlet, are first in impor- tance at present. To exhibit more clearly these false assertions, I shall Insert a few dates as the basis of the Stateinent. These dates, on which so much depends, can be confirmed by circumstantial and documentary evidence, if necessary.* • TuoBrliiy, 24tli Aiii;ust— AiUukIihI tlio viHitiition at Ficderirton. Smidiiy, 29lh August— llcnmincd in Ht, John. TlnuMildy.ai .Si'ptcniluM— Wrote Inini St. A.kIiowr to !^i. John— (sec loiter). 14lli or 15lh SeplenilKT— t'liinn to St. Jolm (sec letter above) wuhuut the Cuinily. 'HMh Orinlirr— Went to St. Andrfwrt lor my fninily. 2*!'h Uctob'Jl — ( 'ui!!f !!!>!!. .IriUu ■!■•.'.': ihf iUllllH //Cf ' iiSl^M { The first thing which I wish to state is, that the allusions in Dr. Gray's letter of Sept. — , 1847, written to me at St. Andrews, with reference to harmony among the Clergymen, were made before I came to Saint John, as the letter itself proves. Fol- lowing up the idea proposed in general to me in that letter, be- fore I came to St. John, Dr. Gray made it specific when I did come, by requesting that it should apply to Mr. Stewart, from whom he appeared to apprehend toarlike intentions towards any one who might stand in his way. This proposal, in the words I have used in my " Statement," was made to me during the subsequent five weeks visit (see table of dates), when the arrangements were being made for my settlement as Curate in the Parish, and towards the end of that period when they were finally closed. This I now reiterate emphatically ; and I am only surprised that Dr. Gray could venture to deny it. I could easily refresh his memory with regard to the fact, as I now state it, by the room in which we were— the very place in that room— and certain expressions of his own on the occasion. I will stale one of these expressions : I said that such an ar- rangement would be absurd, as it would give Mr. Stewart the power to disturb all harmomj at once, to which Dr. Gray re- plied,—" it would not then do to let him know it." I remarked, with a smile, that I certainly thought it would not. The sub- ject then passed away, for it was evidently submitted more by way of seeing how much 1 would concede, than a? a peremp- tory condition. I was, indeed, surprised at the request, and mentioned it to one or two of the family not long afterwards, which they have never forgotten for a moment. It may appear very strange that Dr. Gray should have made such an absurd proposition ; but his letter of Sept. — , 1847, to me at St. An- drews, bcfor" I came to St. John, proves the possibility, if not the great probability, of such a proposition on his pa-t. I took this proposition, however, to mean, that he wished to retain Mr. Stewart at all hazards, that he was necessary to him, and that, even though Mr. Stewart were wrong, he could not afibrd to lose him. This proposition with regard to Mr. Stewart is unequivocally and emphatically true. Dr. Gray had said, a month or two before this, in his letter to me at St. Andrews, when urging the necessity of harmony, that he did not antici- pate any difficulty, but that it was as well to be guarded ; and he afterwards took this mode of being guarded. The truth is, ^:: allusions in 3t. Andrews, , were made oroves. Fol- at letter, be- 5 when I did tewart, from ons towards (osal, in the to me during )), when the as Curate in en they were y ; and I am f it. I could ict, as I now place in that occasion. I such an ar- . Stewart the Dr. Gray re- I remarked, »t. The sub- itted more by a?> a peremp- ! request, and ig afterwards, t may appear ich an absurd me at St. An- sibility, if not 3 pa-t. I took shed to retain ry to him, and )uld not afibrd Mr. Stewart is ly had said, a t St. Andrews, did not antici- guardcd ; and The truth is, he did anticipate difficulty even then, as his letter indicates; whereas /did not anticipate it, as is evident both from my let' ter, and from his replt/ to it. I have something more to say of this letter of his of Sept. — , 1847. The letter, as you will perceive, was not answered by mc, but was a reply to mine of Sept. 2d ; and, therefore, the expressions in his letter are no proof that such was, in reality, the only conversation that took place between us. I do not mean to deny that such subjects were discussed on any occa- sion, and that I was perfectly willing to do anything really ne- cessary for the sake of harmony. On the contrary, these ge- neral matters were discussed previously to his writing this letter to me. But the great subject of the conversations (not conversation), alluded to in my letter of 2d Sept., was that of the Parish, and the work to be done. Into this subject I freely entered; and my letter has reference to this part of the subject and not to the other. Into this I entered fully, and expressed my great pleasure and happiness at the prospect of labouring with Dr. Gray in doing good ; for it would have been no source of delight to think that I was to labour with quarrelsome Cler- gymen! The tone of my letter speaks for itself, and indicates the real nature of the conversations to which I then alluded. His letter alludes to one conversation on certain subjects, and my letter alludes to the general conversations that we had to- gether. Dr. Gray inserts my letter of the 2d September after his answer to it, and leads the unwary to think that I am re- plying to his letter of a particular nature, which, of course, had not then been written. He says the letters were written *' simultaneously." How could two such letters be written from different places, when one acknowledges the receipt of the other? And why insert the answer first, and leave the date of bis answer a blank? It is very ingeniously done; but the more subtle, the worse it is. There is another thing to be said on this subject. Mi/ letter was of a private nature ; and as such, ought not to have been published without permission. Private leMers indeed may be so published, if necessary, to defend one's self from wrong or injury ; but, when they are published to do injury, it then be- comes an awful violation of common honesty and of Christian courtesy. My letter was written in consc<]uenco of Dr. Gray's request to rac it the visitation at Fredericlon, to assist in the r-^URP i4 dutiesofthe Parish of St. Johu ; and it alluded to the objects generally of our conversation, on the way to St. John, and for the few days afterwards that I remained there on my return to St. Andrews. There is one thing more to be said of Dr. Gray's letter, as a reply to mine of Sept. 2, 1847; I mean the cold and calculating tone of the letter as a response to my own feelings. Seeing my desire to be employed, though the request came from him ori- ginally, he sets to work, at once, to make the most of it. He alludes to the difficulties, exacts the hardest terms, and then proposes it only as a temporary measure at last. After this, at the very close, he just alludes to the subject of my letter, as containing thoughts well enough in their way; but, he now condescends to refer to these very expressions to establish a falsehood ! It was remarked at the time of receiving his letter, " what a cold and unfeeling letter in reply to yours;" to which I could only reply that it was a business letter. This places the matter of these letters, I think, in a clear light; and all Dr. Gray's honest indignation, at page 37 of his Pamphlet, is utterly toasted. Any one could sec that he was then acting a part in order to get rid of his own feelings. Next with reference to the Licence, I stated that Dr. Gray had proposed to send for a License, as a thing really neces- sary to be done ; and that he alluded again to the subject after the Bishop's return from England ; and this he has not denied. He knew at first, that there was no fixed salary, and if that were the objection, a nominal sum could easily have been inserted in the License. I wrote to the Bishop on the subject, who re- plied that no application had been made from the proper quar- ter; and after His Lordship's return from England, he alluded to the subject himself, and asked me how it was that I was officiating here without a License. This evidently implied that a License was necessary in the estimation of the Bishop of the Diocese. This conversation, I related to Dr. Gray, and that was the end of the matter; nor am I, in any way, responsible for Dr. Gray's subsequent neglect. The truth is, that he is the person to apply, and he knows it; and I concluded of course that he had his own reasons for the course he had taken. What I said of Dr. (Jrny, in the matter, was therefore strictly true; and he may escape from the charge as well as he can. ' to the objects John, and for I my return to y's letter, as a id calculating I. Seeing my from him ori- ost of it. He 'ms, and then After this, at my letter, as but, be now to establish a ring his letter, rs;" to which This places light; and all i Pamphlet, is then acting a that Dr. Gray really neces- t subject after las not denied. id if that were been inserted )ject, who re- I proper quar- id, he alluded IS that I was y implied that Bishop of the ray, and that , responsible that he is the led of course e had taken, efore strictly I as he can. With reference to Income, I considered it no disparagement to work on without it, where good might be done ; and if such a desire on my part was not met by a corresponding feeling on the part of the Vestry and Rector, sooner than it was, it cer- tainly cannot be any reflection upon my course of conduct. Though I was perfectly willing to come, without any positive pledge of salary, they were equally willing to " secure my services," as their vote of 9th October, 1847, expresses it, (quoted by Dr. Gray, page 29 of the Reply,) to which I beg a reference. In Dr. Gray's letter of September — , 1847, he pro- poses all the possible conditions as binding upon me, but binds himself to nothing, not even to exert himself, (nor did he,) to secure me any income. Perhaps he thought that if I had no income, and no license, I might the more readily be got rid of, if it were found necessary. The Vestry, after a time, gave the usual salary; and to this end, had to rescind a "resolution'* made previously to my coming here — " not to incur any more responsibility in such cases." The vote was then made an- nual to both Curates, for the vote of the Vestry cannot extend beyond their time of office. This applies jqually to the Rector, and to the Curates. With regard to coming here at the request of the Vestry, a few words may not be inappropriate. Dr. Gray says " that the " Vestry never made any such request. Mr. Wiggins had ** moved to St. John with his family, and entered upon his ministerial duties, before they took any cognizance of his " case." This is utterly false, as appears by the vote of the Ves- try before alluded to, 9//t October, 1847. 1 brought my family to St. John 2Cth October, as appears by the table of dates in the note ; and this was not dune till it was finally settled that I was to act here as Curate. The truth is exactly as I have placed it in my published "Statement:" "1 came to St. John at the Bishop's request (suggestion), at your request, and at the request of the Vestry here, by their vote or resolution to that effect ; and in each case, as it happened, without any solicitation on my own part." I merely meant to convey by that, the idoa that I had not urged my services upon others, though I might be no less willing and anxious to come on that account. It merely "happened" so, that is all I wished to convey; and any one might see, at a glance, that I conveyed no other idea. The facts are these: 8 f i I was about leaving the Curacy of St. Andrews, with the kind wishes and good feelings of the people there. And at the visi- tation at Fredericton, the Bishop having remarked to me that Dr. Gray had applied to him for assistance in his Parish, sug- gested my going to St. John, and said that he would speak to Dr. Gray on the subject. In the meantime Dr. Gray called upon me at Fredericton (he was driving with the Rev. Mr. McGhee at the time), and requested me to take a seat with them in the waggon, and in our drive this matter was proposed to me, and I gladly and heartily assented to it. The subject was then fully discussed, in the presence of Mr. McGhee, and afterwards on the way to St. John, and for the few days I re- mained there on my way to St. Andrews. Under these feelings, I wrote the letter from St. Andrews ; came to St. John a few days afterwards to settle the preliminaries ; remained there till they were finally settled by the vote of Vestry (9th Oct. 1847) at the suggestion of Dr. Gray, and brought my family to St. John the 26th of October, as I have before remarked. Having now placed these false statements in a clear light, I have a word or two to say to Mr. Stewart's note in the appen- dix to Dr. Gray's Pamphlet Mr. Stewart is su prised at my allusion to him in the " State- ment." There was no way of avoiding it, as he was involved in the matter with Dr. Gray. Mr. Stewart may feel quite as- sured that my remarks are perfectly true, and that his note has not, by any means, changed my opinion. I have no unkind feelings to Mr. Stewart ; but, at the same time, I have no idea of allowing him to deny a charge which he knows to be strict- ly true. If he feels himself aggrieved in being now charged with dispositions such as I have alluded to, his memory may be refreshed by recalling some of the incidents, betraying a like disposition, which occurred at the Deanery meeting of October last, at which, however, I was not present. It is most unplea5,ant to state these things ; but they are called for to sub- stantiate my own testimony; and they have all arisen out of the unjust claim, made by Dr. Gray, to " honesty and courtesy" towards myself from the first, and which, it will be seen, he had no right to make at all. Having now settled these preliminaries, and placed what is false in a true light, I proceed to consider, more particularly, the " reply" of Dr. Gray to my original Statement. ***■ with the kind iid at the visi- (cd to me that is Parish, sug- Kould speak to r. Gray called the Rev. Mr. seat with them ,8 proposed to lie subject was McGhee, and few days I re- * these feelings, 5t. John a few (lined there till [9th Oct. 1847) y family to St. rked. a clear light, I ; in the appen- in the " State- j was involved r feel quite as- at his note has ive no unkind [ have no idea ivs to be strict- now charged s memory may i, betraying a ery meeting of nt. It is most illed for to sub- arisen out of and courtesy" ill be seen, he placed what is 'e particularly, nt. 9 Dr. Gray opens, in a preface, by the blare of the trumpet, declaring that plain matters of fact are better than mere asser- tions, and will be more lasting in their impression. To this I fully assent ; and I think the present Review of his Pamphlet will prove the truth of the principle that he so loudly proclaims. The first charge is the suppression by myself of part of the correspondence on the subject before us. Strictly speaking, there was no suppression ; on the contrary, it was stated by my- % self; that there was a previous part not deemed necessary for the elucidation of the subject, and which it might be inferred the public would claim if the subject required it. The subject of that part of the correspondence was briefly stated by my- self; the reason for not publishing it was fairly assigned ; and this reason is now fully confirmed by the letters themselves, as published in Dr. Gray's " Reply." I am only glad that they are published, and that the whole appears in a continuous form.* The regular flow of the correspondence, indeed, is broken by distorted notes in the » Reply ;" but still the text is there, and that can be read throughout without reference to these interruptions. The real question was, the doctrines in- ^volved in a certain Book, and the decision depended upon the truth or error of these doctrines. That decision was never sought to be established on the proper authority ; and the con- sequence was that the real question was never settled. Does Dr. Gray suppose that men of reason and common sense can- not see the question at issue, and that the whole correspon- dence on my part was to reach this point. This was inge- niously avoided, on the other part, by departing from the ques- tion, and loading the author of " Mediums" with all manner of abuse and obloquy, with the view of reflecting it upon me. This book on Mediums must he read before the merits of the controversy can be at all understood. The design has been, on the part of Dr. Gray, to misrepresent the statements in that Book, to vilify the author, and to charge upon me, as I have said, all the consequences. AVhereas, I expressed to Dr. Gray in my note of January 7th, at the beginning of the contro- versy : " With reference, however, to the opinions of Mr. Clowes, In my published Statement, the date March is inserted instead of February, which of ccurge. arose from inadvertence; though, on referring to Dr. Gray'., note to me of 1st l-ebruary, I find that he actually wrote l.( of March, and this led to the Bubsequent mi.- Uike m my reply to tliat note. 1^ *T"* 10 in themselves considered, or to the opinions of any other writer, I have nothing to do. I approve of the doctrines gene- rally in the work on Mediums, becaase I thiak them to be in strict accordance with the Word of God." This Book, however, of Mr. Clowes, was well enough, it ap- pears, for five or &ix weeks; but it was discovered, .n some way or other, that the author had imbibed certain views from Swe- denborg, though no allusion is made to the name, or the opin- ions, of Sweilenborg in the whole volume ; nor was any one responsible for such opinions, merely by approving of the statements in this Book. But, the name of Swedenbcrg is quite enough for Dr. Gray; it answers his purpose ; and he is per- fectly delighted in charging upon me what he is pleased to call the whimsies of Swedenborg. At another time, he declares that I bring e\ erything to the test of reason and common sense, in religious matters, which, I suppose, is a very different thing from being governed by mere ' whimsies" of any kind. Again, I am charged with Socinianism, which is utterly at variance with ths doctrineo in the work on Mediums. Is it not evident that Dr. Gray is trying to make out a case ; and that be is not too particular in the use of means 7 Thu truth is, my views are expressed in the general principles put forth in my State- ment ; and which, upon Scriptural authority, 1 consider un- a^3ai!ed, and unassailable, by Dr. Gray or any one else. These genera^ principles may not be fully seen at a glance, as ibey are necessarily stated in an abstract form. The doc- trine of the Trinity, which is the basis of the others, is, from the very nature of the case, incomprehensible, and must re- main so, to all finite creatures, throughout eternity. But this is no reason why we may not fovm an intelligible view of that doctrine, as adnpted to our state and condition. A Trinity in Vn'iiy is the great feature of the Bible ; and runs through the Scriptures, like a golden thread, from the beginning to the end. In GciieRln, it is said God created the world ; find in St. John, Jl is suid the Word was God, and that He made all ihingfc. God again revealed himself to Moses under a new name — the Self-Existent, or the I AM ; and this name is applied by the Lord £o llimielf — Before Abraham was I am. Again it was pro- phesied in the Old Testament that the Jehovah should come 1.1 _ -- -I !-- .L rturJU I ...tiU iii in« Prrpars yt t^t way of the Jthovah. It was also declared that of any other loctrines gene- hem to be in snougli, it ap- , .n some way iws from Swe- e, or the opin- : was any one roving of the nbcrg is quite \\d be is per- is pleased tu le, he declares ommon sense, liiTerenl thing kind. Again, y at variance it not evident that he is not I is, my views 1 in my Slate- consider un- e else. n at a glance, m. The doc- thers, is, from and must re- ity. But this B view of that A Trinity in s through the ingtothe end. d in St. John, ide all ihingK fw name — the >plied by the in it was pro- should come |iruCiniiiicii— — declared that -Isaiah 11 he Everlasting Father should be born in the flea « ; and in St. John, it is declared-^ beheld His giory, tne gton, asafaceonhj-hcgoUen of the Father, full of grace ar^d truth. Here, fo. the first time, the term " Son of God " is used ; and it is used in adaptation to human comprehension-Luke i.35. No menr.on IS made, eicept prophetically, in the Scriptures, of a Son of God before the Incarnation, because that would prove tha there were more Gods than One. whereas it is emphatically declared ,n the Decalogue- rAo« shall have none other Gods but me. Accordingly, the Son says of Himself that He and the Father -What is the meaning of ihis language among men T Doc., imply that Heis another and a sepa^te Bei^ from the Father, or not ? The word " Persona" in our Creed does not mean an individual, but a part, a character, an attribute tor manifestation, as every scholar we.l knows. Dr. Gray says that this IS not the idea of the Church, whereas it is the great Idea in the Church Service. The Litany, after confessing the Incomprehensible Trinity, addresses the Unity in the Person of our Lord and Saviour, and beseeches ///;« to deliver us. and to hear us, in such words as these-" By thine ago-n- and boody sweat; by thy Cross and Passion; by thy precious death and bunal ; by thy glorious resurrection and ascension : «nd by the coming of the Holy Ghost-Good Lord deliver us." The concluding Prayer in the Litany is addressed Co Him as the Almighty God ; and the reference in the praver is mau'e to I^s promised presence on earth wherever two or three nre met together in His name. In the Collect for Trinity Sunday we address Unity-one Person or Being ; and in the Com' teHnion Service we say-" Maker of all ihings. Judge of all «en, to imply that the Creator and the Redeemer are one »eing. The idea is that of Unity in Trinity. The first and Jreat Commandment in the Law is, Hear, O Israel, the Lord thy God ts one Lord. " For there arc three that bear record in Hea Vtn. the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, and these Three nre One,*' The apparent or visible Deity, as the Son of God, seen by m*n, and spoken of in the Gospel, was the actual Deity, only •o tar as He could be comnrehtndtd ' ir» «,-„ „^„...^,i :_ ,j r pate, that they might, in freedom, approach \^l^ ou^unt worn Cod. and not as the actual manifestation, in the (Icsh of 12 4 ■I Jehovah Himself. This was evidently essential to their liberty of action ; for, if He who spake on Mount Sinai, had, in the Gospel, more fully revealed His glory to them, they could pot have borne it ; or they would have been driven to act from compulsion, as under the Old Testament dispensatioo. The actual and the apparent, therefore, are to be separated in the Scriptures as they are in nature ; and he who would read the Bible intelligibly must interrogate the Word of God as he does the works of God. For instance, it is an apparent truth in nature that the Sun rises ; but the actual truth is, that the world turns on its axis, and presents the appearance of sun- rise ! Apply this to our Lord's ascension. He appeared to ascend; but the actua? truth was, He ceased to be seen ! To those on the opposite side of the Planet, if you abide by the letter of the Word, He actually descended ; and if He had as- cended either before or after, as to time, He would have gone in a still diflerent direction. The expression, therefore, of His ascension is adapted to our senses ; and that is enough for us to know in the present world- The great distinction before and after the Resurrection is here to be seen. Before the Re- surrection, the appearance was that God was man ; after the Resurrection, that man was God. He had then taken the Human in^o conjunction with the Divine nature, and in that form became Omnipresent. He vanished, or ceased to be seen, on one occasion, at the breaking of bread ; and again, appeared present, when the doors were shut ! He thus became the Eterqal medium of access to the Father for angels and men. No man Jcnoweth the Father but the Son^ and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal Him. In this view of the case, it is easy to see wAy the Lord pray- ed to the Father, even with anxiety and distress. While the Humnn nature of the Lord was not yet fully glorified, there was this part of Hi* nature which was not Divine; nay, it was yet subject to infirmity, and even confined to space ! But when the work was completed, the Divine Law fully satisfied, and the work of Redemption accompUshed, accord- ing to his owu blessed words-— /< is finished, — the Hsimnii nature was taken up into the Divine, and they thenceforth became for ever indivisible ! During this progress from the infirm Humanity to the inllnite glory, He was in IJumiiia 4ion ; hit nature was Human; and, as such, e^tposed to the I' 13 to their liberty Sinai, bad, in !m, they could ren to act from isatioo. be separated he who would i Word of God is an apparent al truth is, that earance of sun- le appeared to 1 be seen ! To u abide by the \ if He had as- »uld have gone lerefore, of His enough for us tinction before Before the Re- man ; after the len taken the re, and in that ased to be seen, gain, appeared me the Eterqal men. No man ver the Son will the Lord pray- ^S8. While the glorified, there Divine; nay, ined to space ! fine Law fully iiHhed, accord- ',«— the Hsimnii ley thenceforth progress from ^as in iJumiiia exposed to thr direful combat with the infernal hosts. This began in the f wilderness, and closed in the Garden of Getbsemane, where ;^ He endured the final struggle with the powers of darkness, f|; which must have destroyed any finite being, or anything less \ than the Divinity itself. It was to this power within Him that he appealed in His last agony ; and so awful was the con6ict that Deity itself appeared distant from Him! He prayed to ^he Father, till the Divinity operated freely through the Human ^nature, and the Human itself by the passion of the cross, be- ^^ame Divine ! The Lord is now the Supreme object of wor- \;,«hip ; the one that sitteth upon the Throne ; and to whom, as >the Creator and the Redeemer, men and angels, in the Hevela- ition, are represented as ofiering theik- undivided homage and rpraise^ (Rev. iv. 11.) ; and woe be to him who shall dare to add ito, or to take from, tlie words of that Book ! I Again, with reference to time and space, the Lord said I will fund the Comforter to you from the Father, which is said, of I .course, in adaptation to our senses. The Lord is omnipresent, } aud so is the Comforter whom He sends ; and yet the Comfor- r 4er appeared under the visible emblems of a dove, and of cloven f tongues of firel This is according to appearance, and merely the appearance, of .ruth, and the fallacy of the senses Ihey make the court of He«e„ a forensic assembly There o"ed°:"i;:;ocTf""!;""'"« "■«'"•"= »■■•' »■'-= Ittz lowed to knock for admil.ance, as i. were, in.o .he presence C amber of .he Eternal ! m ^„ ,.« .„; OoHa^ZlZ aeclared //■«. No man (l,.,ng) can «, God and live. The di. Ind inu: :::" "" "'"'" """ '^' •"«»"« '» - -«"■•" -^i^an oro„r L ■'■ """"" '""""" ' "■ "« Finite were .o ap proach the I„„„„e Presence, the Finite ,„„« perish, as "he 21:.!""""""*' '" '"^ «" '' - ""' "'■•™" i- absorbed ?„ i" i"°"il^a^n!rh';""';'"^^"'""' ''■''»" »" ««"«'"»- "•■''j«'» o confi m i T'"' "" " "'•'""='''''■■■ "" ""-er truths tend to con irm i , ,„ accordance with the order in which the word 1 : d . C" ""'" """u •" "" "■"""" '"■ "■« "-venly "oaies. Ihc iipDiireiU tnifh ;•• tK«. «„„^ : .•_. . .' ,n,i ir .. . "" ' -- -''•^' ^«"^i «" ""t ine real ifujh; •'".I .r ,.Mr„„„mcr« were to go „,,„„ ,|ic apparent principle. Dne, and neces^ are. These are to sustain what >etual creation, and its effect,' ce the Lord, as lout being con- jfore, into this n to His crea- able to bear it. liator between racted, or pnt 'o say, in corn- times than at nerely thought Jeof the word, se ; and there ley may be no 10 view of the >verned solely •f the senses, jmbly, where •e man is al- the presence - at any time : Jther, he hath we. The dis- nite distance, ' were to ap- erish, as the absorbed in ou« subjects r truths tend ch the word 11 th is adopt- »f and even ! Heavenly r real ifuih; I principle, Svirll '1 '" ""'' '^"'* calculations. So it is often in studying the Scriptures. There is indeed enough in the birr ''' 'u'V^ ^'"" ^"^ «""P'^ ^« «"'t the case of thlhum blest being that lives, and to save him, just as there is 1 gbt and v^w If R^I • ^* T ^"*' ^^" "^" ^'^^^^^ t« have a wider Te rea tdX" "*"''' '"' ^t"^^"^^''^ ^''^ -"^^^^ between 1^^,^^^? ^« apparent in the Bible, he must have the key tience :! i: ^f ""^J-^ - ^^e astronomer must have science in the natural world, in order to calculate the eclipses a"y syTnr" ''' ^'^^"'"^ "'*' ^^^ '^^' ^-*« o^^^e PlaTe:.' By this mode of studying the Bible, the truths of the Bible «ctually become alive, as it were, and give life to nil wLTi' gently obey the Spirit of the wo;d : ^f Ill^.t;';, t rebuked His Disciples on several occasions for abiding n t^e mere letter instead of imbibing the spirit which the etlr con i7all J.:: ^5t'\'»PP'-'''^ t° «" states of the Chlrh an"d if ?K S M ' V'./*'" '''*°" ^''^y 'he acknowledged truths of the Bible now faii to exert any deep influence over the hu inan mind; for these truths, in the letter, have deg ntated into mere facts from which the life has departed, and IheTrlc em f ™1 fr "^ '' 'r '''' ""•^'"^ '"^^^ •* -' ' «^-t them . This is seen in their not only failing to arrest the at- en ion of the careless and the impenitent ; b^ut also in ai inL to influence the habits and dispositions of those who profes to believe t em. Indeed the very profession of them hafb come .uspected by many, because they who profoss most are oaTu the most deficient in the spirit of that Religion which the. call Meav „Iy and D.v.ne The profession itself becomes the J, ! w. ol such men ; and they often extend this business beyond heir .neans. In many cases there are no available "assets " to meet the demands, and with the loud profession of .»fai,h Th. '^Tn V "" T' " ^''''''" "^ "" ^'^•••^''«" charity. wl.hnL r ' ''^'^f'":" '• the doctrine of •. faith alane^ W thou reference to the h-' .f faith, has done more than an^ tbing else to blight and desolate the Church. It was invented by the mere natural man.and i. a self-excusinp, instead of . «yi ueuying, uuccrine. Whence comes thi* term of •• faith •torn 7 (t comes from tradition, and not from the Bible 16 a I There is no such expression to be found in (be Scriptures ; nor is the doctrine^ in reality, taught by our Church. Men are not, indeed, justified before God in any* even in the least, degree, on account of their own merits or deserving ; for merit and righteousness belong to the Lord Jesus Christ alone. But we are justified by faith as a livi7tg principle ; and hence the Prophet declares, the just shall live by his faith ; and the Apos- tie says, the life that I now live in the flesh, I live by the faith of the Son of Ood who loved me and gave himself Jor me. But saving faith is never alone ; St. James remarks, even S9 faith if it hath not works is dead, being alone. The doctrine of " faith ttlone'' resolves itself into the doctrine o^ vibrations on the air; and the mere profession of the doctrine is no more an evidence of being "justified" than is the sound of brass or the tinkling of a cymbal. Charity or love is the end or design of the Chris- tian life; and it is, therefore, the only test at the day of judg- ment: inasmuch as ye have done these things, and inasmuch as ye have done them not. The end of the commandment is charity, out of a pure heart and a good conscience, and faith unfeigned. Why, if the life itself is not considered the important part of the Christian character, no regard will be paid to the life except from other motives. Such a man may be "justified," as he terms it, by faith alone; and yet live without Christian charit)'. He may live in enmity and hatred against those who resist his evil intentions; in revenge, cunning, and deceit; and when he is made to feel that he does so, be falls back upon tradition (faith alone) as the very truth itself. This he elevates Rbnve the Bible, and thus falsifies the word of God. The reason? for doing so, as expressed in my letter on the 18th page of Dr. Gray's Pamphlet, are from " selfish and malig uant passio.'s ;" and which expressions appear to have given great oflence. Truth is what we want, and not fallacy ; a fal- lacy is nothing, r^nd can lead to nothing ; and the "Solifidian" system, when brought to the test of truth, is a fallacy, and nothing else. It is amazing that the general principles expressed in my " Statement," should have met with such violent opposition from Dr. Gray ; and it is still more so, that he should have charged upon me views and sentiments not contained in the Statement at nil T^aa^ *«~ ^— »f-.- .^ i i j ^-„„ _ others^ loinc of whom were not the most impartial witnesses, the Scriptures ; Church. Men i^en in the least, ving; formerit rist alone. But and hence the and the Apos- e by the faith of nc. Bat saving faith if it hath C " faith alone" m the air; and an evidence of the tinkling of jn of the Chris- he day of judg- and inasmuch \dment is charity^ . unfeigned. important part paid to the life be "justified," :thout Christian ainst those who g, and deceit ; fails back upon 'his he elevates 1 of God. The er on the 18th ish and malig r to have given t falhicy ; a fal- he^Solifidian" r a fallacy, and [pressed in my lent opposition le should have >ntained in the I J /v_, Ttial witnesseiti 17 nd the remainder were liable to mistake the general princi- les which I advocated. But, as to the general sentiment of the eople on the subject, Dr. Gray is totally misinformed ; and the ecoUections of many, for three or four years past, will confirm vhat I am now saying. These have taken a common-sense lew of the subject. That my Sermons were directly opposed p the Solifidian system, I do not deny. " I proceed now to consider the charges with reference to the suppressed" letters of the correspondence. It was charged against the suppressed letters, that they " con- Mined insinuations and invectives, and attempts to divert at- tention from the subject in hand." I Now, the subject in hand was a certain volume written by a Clergyman of the Church of England, and this subject was Itrictly confined to the general views there expressed. That ^^as the question ; and from which Dr. Gray departed, and ot myself. His design was apparent from his frst letter ; and lis design was foiled by myself, because he had, in that letter, isrepreseuted the author of the work on Mediums. If t have ised a little strong language in consequence of seeing ' rough this design, and have applied censure to the Hier- iTchy, or Establishment, as ii exists in St. John, the circum- itances here fully warrant the allusions I have made. These ^tters of mine were, indeed, written off-hand (currente alamo), and with no deep, studied, and measured design! deed, I kept no copy of the first ihree; and if I had thought iiecessary to publish them, I must have duly applied for llopies. I do not mean to say that any of the expressions in •fcese letters are "unwise," under the circumstances; on the IM>ntrary, I think that they express, though strongly, truths #nt might be more frequently expressed in this soft and silken 4||e. Dr. Gray calls these general expressions " personalities;" m^A as he applies them to himself, I beg now to confirm this 1i|}plication. ^These expressions occur principally in my fourth letter, ^en the correspondence had already been unnecessarily Intended, as I there cnmplnin. In that letter, I express my llillingness to discuss any of the subjects in controversy, and with this view, to read the Sermons alludod to as tlioy were divend. The mannacript could have been read more easily myself than by another; and any expressions in the Sorujon I'is 18 could not then i^e been garbled to suit a purpose. I urged this discussion on the ground of Scripture alone, and Dr. Gray, declined it on the same ground. I see no connexion between my claim in this respect and a denial, in consequence, of the Doc- trines of the Church ! As to my adherence to the Church of England, I do not yield in that respect to Dr. Gray himself! I do not adhere to it, indeed, because it is an Establishment, or because it suits my interests-, but simply because it is, as it pro- fesses to be, a "Catholic Church," built upon the " foundation of the Apostles and Prophets, Jesus Christ Himself being the bead corner stone." If Dr. Gray had felt the deep interest in me which he professed to feel, he would have sought a private and friendly discussion on these subjects; whereas I sought it, and he avoided it. The truth is, his intention was to in- crease the difficulty, and not to lessen it. His superseding me in the Pulpits was, indeed, an act of peculiar kindness, and well adapted to conciliate! He might much better have not as- signed any motive for that course of proceeding. But let us refer again to the expressions in the " suppressed" letter just alluded to. One is as follows : " I know evangeli- cal people, so called, who are at times full of the evil spirit, for they can live and act in opposition to the Gospel rules ; and believing this to be incompatible wiih the real knowledge of the truth, I conceive it just possible that they may have em- braced falsehood, or which is still worse, have falsified the truth." This had reference to distinct impressions made upon my mind by certain people of that class, who make great profes- sions ; and these impressions have been increasing ever since the note of January 11th was written. I had felt the influence of evil passions emanating from such persons; and I am fully persuaded that malignant influences are still emanating from the same source. There is another allusion in the above letter, which is rather a strong expression, under ordinary circumstances. It is as follows : " With regard to the Hierarchy, I have nothing to ask from it ; and as a system, it is false and corrupt. The lust of rule, from the self-love of the mere natural man, is the cleaving curse of the Church." What has been the experience of St. John for many years '2 past, in this respect? What has been the "system" here? 'One %hai itnd vHs nc Inan, turs( ^lish mnE |ealo ilot h fflasou «f fait IM jus ii con :'#• Thei been c |llrtic.iilHi- '^^p^ ' irpose. I urged J«, and Dr. Gray, inexion between tence^ of the Doc- t the Church of Sray himself! I stablishment, or e it is, as it pro- he " foundation mself being the Jeep interest in ought a private hereas I sought ntion was to in- is superseding r kindness, and ter have not as- J " suppressed" know evangeli- the evil spirit, Gospel rules ; 'eal knowledge y may have em- 'e falsified the made upon my 5 great profes- ling ever since !t the influence and I am fully nanating from vhich is rather nces. It is as nothing to ask t. The lust of is the cleaving ir many years jystem" here ? 19 ^One man has put his veto upon the expressed wishes of a lar^e ^art o the community, and said to them, in so many words, %ai all the souls are his, that he has the " cura anamantium," jnd that he alone is adequate to such a responsibility. If this IS not the lust of rule from the self-love of the mere natural tian, I am greatly mistaken; and that this is the cleaving I iirse of the Church is very evident indeed. As to an Esta- I Iishment m this Province, its existence was virtually denied ipy the House of Assembly the other day;* and the name of «n Establishment, where it does not really exist, only excites lealousy and suspicion in a religious point of view.' Had it tot have been for what is called an Establishment, there would «ave been no Parish disputes in this City ; there would have feen separate flocks, and their Pastors chosen by themselves |iid all the freedom of action which is essential to the best ^terests of such a connexion. That the present ••system" iequi.^s a little correction is evident ; and if it is supported |n Rel.gmus principle, it is but right to question the principle *pon which that Religion is founded. Open the Bible, and £e whether you can defend this system on Bible principles, ^helher it is in accordance with the will of Him, whose souls lliey are, and who gives the cure of souls to those only who •re willing to exercise it. Can any one have the cure of f*>uls who takes no care of many of them, who never sees lem except by accident, and who is incapable, therefore, of nowing their state and condition ? Is such a man to dictate iMo shall be a Clergyman, and who shall not be a Clergyman te the Church of England? Does he talk of making sacrifices ftir the Church, and of giving up the things dearest to him on ••rth rather than be untrue to the Church ? What has he to •orrender? What is his claim to the things which he is •©willing to sacrifice? There is, indeed, no necessity for i^vmg the Church, as many have done, for these and other flasous, so long as the Bible is acknowledged as the rule ^ faith, and as the doctrine of the Church : nor would one m justified in so doing, if a great part of the Church was m corrupt as the ••Church Witness" itself rcprc.smh it to be ' s#' These remarks might have been avoided, if they had not been called forth, by Dr. Gray. He has placed liirnHelf a« »n*.£i::;l£t:^i2S:;: '-■'-' '"° cki..o..cii.i„cuo..i.:;vourof.u. '*:■ w »( m h4 public notice, xordingly. I case, we must s letter is mine prospectivcy and [f any doubt of lese letters, and his renders the i flagrant. The I, was not in my n St. Andrews ; ' the difficulties ighest and most ine Providence, -. i ii ^ iy, c'ACCiJi iiiusv irdinute, the Cu rate of St. John at that time. With these men I have had no sympathy from a very early stage of my labours here, though to this moment, I have never had a single word of altercation. I hnve avoided strife, and have gone along so quietly, that they are not really aware of the hostility which has emanated from themselves. It has been seen by others and spoken of by the inost superficial observers. I can only say that I have laboured n, amid discouragement, and happy only in proportion to my ils ; and, as far as my feelings are concerned, I have nothing now to regret from the separation that has taken place, and even from the abuse and misrepresentation that has followed. Here is another extract from the same letter, concerning the ^division of the Parish : " Another point that seemed to involve some difficulty was % the pending question as to the division of the Parish. A memo- '^ rial for that object was drawn up, and sent to the Bishop in ■f my absence. I deem it consequently right to visit all my I Parishioners, and ascertain their wishes upon the subject." ilow far their wishes were consulted is best known to the Pa- llishioners themselves ; and the course taken, after their wishes ilfere known, is yet probably well remembered by many peo- ple in the Parish. The pretended objection to the division of ^e Parish was not the real one. * , One more quotation, and I have done with this letter :— " I ^^ named to you also, that the duty of an assistant here would be %somewhat laborious. The multitude of Public Boards which I *< am compelled to attend consumes a great part of my time. M What is left of it I feel ought to be devoted to seeing my *♦ Parishioners, and I must consequently transfer to my Assist- i|l«nts the greater part of the surplice duties." It appears from this that the Rector of Trinity Church had •urrendered his duties, as the Pastor of a flock, to the secular work of attending on Public Boards. What these " Public ' • I beg to quote here some remarks from a certain author, which indicate the danger iftiing from indulging the mere love, of self. The subject is the hist of rule, and the «inracter is strongly marked: " He is extremely slippery; when in terror he promises all thingH, but it is only with the lips, while there is enmity in the heart. He is of snch a raiture us to direct his mind to all things, even to the minutest particulars, so that he jliliers nothing to escape him. He mixes himself up with all things; and by every BlMnH in his power closes the way lest the evil should appear to be from him, except jrhcn ho breaks out into open anger, and then he bears internal hatred, and spares no- ly, except it l)e an adoix^is name in the streets, and in private houses ; and with tU diis, bis system is a failure, and its decline and fall is written in characters loo strong to be mistaken. The very course that be has taken to support himself will lead to his overthrow ; and prove to him, in natural things at least, the " strict relationship between cause and effect." It is a feature of bis character to act through others, to erect machinery, and to pull wires, till the human puppets dance so readily that he begins to think them the work of his own creation ! Thwart his love of rule, stand in the way of his plans, or even neglect to favour him and to forward his wishes, and mark then the perfection of his machinery, and the flexibility of the instromenu in his bauds to pot you down, and if it were possible, to crush yon to the very earth. They are my Pulpits; my Testry ; my "Church Witness ;" my Party ; my Trumpeters : nay, it is Mjr " Parish," and all the souls are wine ! 1 Yes, he will carry his enmity into the very Pulpit, and evince his pertem^i amimssity by attacks subtle or open, (as ih' laws requires,) as is testified by some of the mc«t worthv inr-^r in the ^^srish; and he will bring to bear the wiiuk muchinery of his system, out of the Pulpit, to act upon a certain point at a certain time ; and to carry any measure, and to injure any person, when he may deem it necessary. " He will spare no ipiins to injure you," was the remark lately made to roe, by a jverwon who is older than myself, and who knows him well. He will spare no pains to injure you; I know him well, no and pray to the contrary, he will still indulge his unrelenting :# », «s , at the es- itted to his ble that he the hour of the cure of ccupjing a g to attend rising still, ira credibW He has his organised ho rin^ ^lis rith ill; liik, B written in conrse that tbrofr ; and relationship character to II wires, till ^ins to think love of rule, I favour him fectionof his in his bauds b yon to the my " Chore h Bjr *• Parish," r his enmity tal tmimnitif aires,) as is I the i^irish ; nery of his n point at a o injure any will spare no B to roe, by a 3W8 him well. him well, no IS unreleating ennnty so long as it is deemed necessary to bis plans. From ceftain observations previons to the present controversy, and from his snbseqaent conduct, 1 was fully convinced of bis in- tention to get rid of jon, and that the only difficulty in the case was, that if any odium attached to it, on whom it should rest** Perhaps the present was as favourable as any other time for the purpose. The great object of Dr. Gray hUherto^ in my case, has been to injure and calumniate, to vilify and misrepresent. He has been iusy indeed ; but bis work has been to " hatch eockairice eggSf ^^^ fo weave the spider^s web, (Isaiah lix. 4, S.) His party have been perfectly rabid for the last month or two, as respects yself; and while it has been the object of some " to go round bout the City," and to propagate their falsehoods in the ets, others have been equally busy on the same errand, in going from house to house, under various pretences of doing good ! In the meantime, there is a source from which every thing thus emanates, and this source is not the less real, be- cause it is not always recognised : the result, however, is seen in infusing evil feelings into the minutest fibres of the " party," mnd even in endeavouring to poison the minds of the honest and weU-mtentioned ! Does the author of evil, in any case, imagine that he is to escape ihe consequences of the evil which he en- courages ! Does such a person think that, because his sys- tem is subtle as well as malignant, that the sphere which sur- Itinnds him is not injurious to himself? Let such an one re- liember that each false thing, said or done, is the work of the «ril one ; that evil thoughts and wishes involve their evil ori- «n ; that there is a strict relationship in these things ; and iiat the retributive justice of God, though sometimes slow, is ilways sure to come at last. APPENDIX iVo. 1. Dr. Grav aay» in his " Reply," page 28, " It it reaiarkable ako that in his pid>l!shed «* Hatement, Mr. Wiggins says that he requested his bnither to call upon ine to know, in «»nany wor«i», whether I hM dispensed with his services as Curate or not; but adds on ••Hie next page, I knew nothing definite could be obtained by any nnt or letter." The uuwer is this: After stating the cnsc to my brother, he suggested the propriety •T calling hiiMelf to ascertain the feet, and I " requested " it afterwards. Another p . .1 • ,__ 1 ., .„ J :^_ i.:_-_if :»: r^ _^.w..t:..» ™ SSaSMT DC BSU, prvjsjscu gw"^ urniscn, vt Ttimtts r> ->->t, ,—5 - C nttt aniwer. n It is said amiin in the " H^ply." page 26, •' As to the object oi his brothei s v.eit, « which he said only conficsed the ir.attcr, it would .cem that the straight forward objv^t « of Mr. Stephen Wiggins' visit was not the ' intended object on the part of Mr. K. B. " Wirains, and tlierefore, as to his intentions, it proved a failure. I can onljr say that " nothing moi« ' honest' or civil could be desired than Mr. Stephen Wiggins' conduct " on that occasion." I am requested by my brother to state as follows: " Ths object ,( u»y visit was to in- nuire of Dr. Gray as to the truth of a report, whether my brother hed been suspended trom preaching. To this Dr. Oray gave no direct answer; but entered into general con- versatio.i on the subject of the controversv, of which I had not been informed. That ray brother's object m the visit was diffprent from mine, or that he had any other inten- tions in the matter, is an unjuf t i.^einuation on the part of Dr. Gray, and it is hereby un- etiuivocally declared to be so. Mart th^n tK h might be said on the subject, if necessary. APPENDIX No. II. As the controversy hinged originally on the Doctrines in the Book on " Mediums,'* by the Rev. J. Clowes, (and had no reference to any opinions beyond the sentiments in that book,) it id due to that venerable mark's memory, till the book itself can be read, to give in this place the closing testimony to his worth, from authentic sources. I put these notices in the briefest form, and therefore confine myselt to a very few eotrart*. Whatever views Dr. Gray attributes to Mr. Clowes, as adopted from others, they do not appear to have had an injurious influence upon his Christian character, upon his attach- ment to his Church, or upon his hUellect ! Dr. Gray insinuates that Mr. Clowes denied the inspiration of some parts of the New Testament, where-.is Mr. Clowes, in the work on Mediums, happens to say, that every verse in the Bible is of Divine origin, and as such to Iw regarded. It Beema hrrd to have to defend such a man from the charge of Inhdeluy! Mr. Clowes died at Warwick, and his remains were removed to the Parish of St, John, at Manchester, for interment. On this occasion, " the Church was filled with re- " spectable individual?, and the church.yard crowded with spectators, some of whom had " come many miles to witness the ceremony."— {From the Manchester Courier, June 11, 1831.) «« The number of the Clergy who took a share in the proceedings was Twenty-three. The (lentlenian who officiated, the Rev. Mr. Huntington, was Mr. Clowes' Curate. The whole numb»;r of {lersniis assembled to witness the solemn scene was immcnae. AmonR those were numerous individuals of middle and advanced a,TC, who had been brought up in the Sunday Schools, and had there been benefitted by Mr. Clowes' paternal and pas- toral instniction." Many were the tributes paid to his iiiemor^ by " CVrrespondents," through the Tress; the two following are selected as common obituary notices : "Died, r.) the 29th uh., at Warwick, in his 88th year, the Rev. John Clowes, for- merly Fellow of Trinity College, Cnmi)ridge, and Hector of St. John's Church, Manches- ter, to which he was appointed upon its consecration, and which he continued to hold dur- ing the long period of sixty-two years. H«> was a »choli»r,— an elegant and a soiind inie ; but he felt that (he hif(lieHt triumph of human Icuniing and wisdom is whun they are sub- s«»rvient to the ostaliliKhment of those everlasting truths, by which man lives forever, in simplicity of heart, in unitv of pur|>os<'. in the abaiidonnicnt of every selfish consitlera- tion, in the unclouded and playful .hccrfulness of ii pure and benevolent mind, in the or- nament of n meek and ciuiet nnirit, in the U«auty and hiipjiiness of genuine h