-^ ' Z' s* IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) ^>^:^ ^^^ % ^ . t ,ij^ I S' ^ *- '* ->. '-m- ..vv .0 ETKs m M lit S L& 12.0 U u S - ■mi* 6" ■^ -.*^" V - w Gcapoiulion ^t^^ 4^^^ 4 ^^ 1 . CIHM Micrdfiche Series (Monbgraphs) ■•■-* '■ "' .' .1 m ICMH Collection de microfiches (monographies) / .* Canadian Instituta for Historical IMicroraproductiona / Institut Canadian da microraprodiictiona historiquaa >' . -c^ y t- Tachnicat and Bibliographic Notat / Notts techniquat at bibliographiciUM Tha Jmtituta has atttlnptad to obttin tha bast original copy availabia for filming. Faaturas of this copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagas in tlM raproduction, or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, arc chaclcad balow. ; L'Institut a micrpfilm< la maillaur axempnira qu'il lui a M possibia da sa procurer. 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Addittonal comments:/ Commentaires suppl4menttires: □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages liMaurtes et/ou peHicultes Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages dteolories, tacheties ou piquees r □ Pages detached/' Pages dttachtes 0Showthrough/ 4 Transparence VDOV. <•! I, going ^ht Daifi io. „ Two Days Do. Pocket C!hKHi0met8rf, in OoldOasei ... ...40 to 46 Sapatiori:«rerWatoh,inOoldCuM,Chronometer Balance 21 to 27 I)o. do. Gold Hunting Cases „ ,, "■ ■ -^ 'Do. do. Silver Cases ■ » ' » Do. do. Silver Hnnting Cuses- „ » fhtent Detached Lever Watches, with all the latest improve- ments. Capped and Jewelled, in Gold Cases ...^ IktesA Detached Lever Watches, Capped and Jew ulfl ^ fei Silver Cases i- The Chainll|S Watch. This is anew Lever Watch, o# which i v we $f9 tiie sole maanfiustnrers. It is adapted for general use, hat particakrfy for those going long voyages, having many advantages not possessed by other watches. There is no chain, to Inreak, anct it has besides all the strength of ' ihe Ftlase«Bemg an extremely strong and nsefiil article, Hiixeoos^^^d^ihe notice of Mariners. Silver, from Gold, from 40 to 46 Gnineas. 30to36 .. 24 to 30 12tpl4 18 to 16 12 to 18 5to 8 £6 12 ' WATCHES CLEANED OR REPAIRED, BOUOHT OR EXOHANQED. \^ , Theinqnctanoeof ttieOBBoa«PBtaE,ftr ■wwrtaini^ a diip'a paction at sms is BOW M wall known that it roqairw no oommamt Its valoe ooudits in comet p«r- fenaaeaia^JititadM, and in itsni«ntanaaoeof a ngdarnte; for if not poMMring tbta it is«flK aini a sovroe of cmbanaHment and inoonvenianoa. Xoomadt oara ounot, thsMll^ be azeRAMd, when nialdnff a pnn^aa^ tliat an instnminit W in iHiidi ooniidiaBoe njay be piteed, fornuaqrhav* nopwmaoent nseAilnaH, bdng ooo- slrnetod with inftrior movHUMits and nntempand apringik which in a year or two km tbrir elastioity. In these ChronoAMtan the beet nateiWs alone are oaed, and «adi inetranientieteetadbeibrabei^pennitted to leave the Be t aW i eh m e nt ; evaiy eflbrt is .thenlbcenHidetoeBsarato the puduMMr agood aenrkeable instrnment. Skiuld • "ohionoBMlir or Waleh M in living satiMbetion, Ifeasia. I. and S. will czobaage it f. withoi*aiyai*Hi > ■■ . -1 AILING DIBECTIOlirS ■'. \ VOS THB *SICr ISLAND OF MWPOl V tBI J -,^1 a- rtj^ COAST OF LABRADd^ AWD '■k''^ THE OTLF^ WVEB ST. LA^nUWOB COMP,«|, CHIE«T «OH THE .^Wv.y, MAB. BT OEB« o, ,H« Bt'CAMAlNS H. W. BAY»liB»n » « . - ► * ^'' ^PtlBIISHBD Bt ^AMtf«iUT AM) SQZf "HAM AM) ITAtmOAL BOOW.&. mumoMimk -war. , A 'yi^^ -V/ '^^^ •«• •ll •»' .'^ •' coMinmieAnoMs fob tb* »»». ««Kroixr BKOBIVBD AHD ACniOWUtDoiD *\ •M y -V -\ 1 . If' , A . j Gai S^ Fei Wli St, Tor Porl B» Trii The Port CMi Boni Blaol Newi Sain Cap, 1^ Fflgo TonU The! GuMd bST St At Bdlri Ma h -'* 1') w. • \ n » »l'j>i .<. .- J &*■' :«?f^ *v ■ ..^' ^"- ■'^ CONTENTa^ or bmt -V SwS^r!25?^5""* Trinitr hSwoJ ^^ . • • «»«*«• CBpe and Bw.. ' "• •• W«kH«iKlBv .. •• ' •• Newamn't Sonnd Sw^ artonr, Mad St'lumSr^ " nun m • • 1—7 • • • • • a 7 8 • • ' •• • • • 10 t • "• • • 11 '■ ^ • • 18 ■'?.* ■ *• u k*; • • • •- 15 18 ., ' • • • • • • 1ft- *' 1 i • • - • • 1 4i • • •• ' 88 } • ..^ • • 88 87 -^ i* i :>\. ■A- S ^ !NTS: C.I»Sfe|&w«ry,Bonw,Bv,Ma'CowH«ii* .. '* >;t. Ba]rorSt.lterlw,andSftT^CoTe ^StnOtofBdlAlde ' . \ ■ ^ ' " ^ ... , . -. \ '^*T U.— THB OOA«,o» I.AMABOB. ToA Point ua Bay .. .v < ' t/i .^ ».^ -^^.v . . v«^ ..a^r Sound, m4 St. Oi^riMHttboiir..^ ' ' ** " - \ St Lawia Sound \ ., "" •• •• .. .. .. lJrt^ga«,dShdtow^Bvv8|«tadIri2i,lk"^^ *•» Bonn* EqieruHM Hubonr ,. •** ., •i*'!' «: j •«,«.., •i.M — , ,,10 J5^£|;*J««».«»% » frino.. SdwnpiV Wttd, ka Bayi ud glrtuuiiL a^ '" The Rivwr St Job\ StWik, PART IV..Hru nnm n. tAw«wK«. ■,.V.^-..:..-t;.J; .,, * Ll^ ■■sc*"' K \ / 1 T'< i I .«§ .. M ■ % M - 8tf .. m 67 n i9 74 75 76 n 76 •V U- '79 ,.V»' M 1.-1 fl4ic9i t--- ■J CONTENm t 'y\ vU Potai Mlk Vaohei, and Ae RlTer Smwdw u«ori|«iooortlMTidM,fto. .. / Rfd I^lMd, H«w Mwd, fto. •• •• , .. Ban bbad Bank, Barratt L^m *«^ " ** ' TbeMiddlaChaiiiMl I* " ** ■»• . *• Jh<;S6atoTniw«.th.PUla;;ft«. "..:•• i " " «?«^B.,rMdW«Hl^aB?Pofa,tSt.Th«., T* |W»«(N.&)B«boar St.J«iin»a(N.B.)Harb( Harbour ,•-« \ ■ ' KiM \ ::i'. **"• . A-.- ..»1»4- ' V 164 V- .. US 169 . ** ItQ' 161 J ...IM " '•'-■3 IM ' r .. 164 164 ■, .. 1«S % 166 .. 167 1«8 .. 169 , 170 *n .. 171 * ^' * 197 .. lii 4 J lU -;.'1 mppwovi^nipi hh ffi. ,♦ ■m^ ^ '''f^iiift^ds^Stu'^m^Jss M>j. l! I '^". €« ^-''W'**^ Mf "%.: SAILING DIRKGTIONS lOB TRl -GULF AND KIVEK ST. LAWRENCE. I vrRif • The Bbabinos amd Coubsbs abb all by CoMPias, dnlus wflljf otbkb- WI8B EXPBBBBED. Thb S(ft»OINQ8 ABB ALL BEDUCBD TO THB LEVEL OF LOW WATEB. SPBIHO-TIDES. ThE DiSTANOEa ABE I^ NaOTIOAL MiLM OF 60 (TO ■AOHJ!»aBBB. . .. « •^T HAS BEOENTXT BEEN OBDEBEO BY THB L0BD8 GoMMISStONBBS OF THB ADmBALTY THAT THB WOBD "PoRT" I8 TQ BK SUBSTITyTED TOb' THB WOBD liABBOABD, IN ALL H.M, ShIPS OB VESSELS, ON ACCOONT OF THE BIHILABITT BXWTINO BETWEAi THB WoBOS StaBBOABD AND LaRBOABD. FB01C WHICH KAMT MISTAKES HAVE ABI8BN. If V ^ PART \. I NEWTOUNPLAND. GENEJIAL BEMARK8. 1 '' ! 4 . - * is tbt most eutera part of ''Amerie* End Uie BMUrest to Europe. Th« dtetenoe between the islimd of Tslentis on tfM *W N. Ist vai WP 44' snd 5«» 81' W. lonjirv on the^rth-ess^ side of the entntnee to^he Giilf of St l«wi«noe. The form of it is T(vy irregolsr, end the shores «re bltoken br nnmeroas bSTB. snd bsrboars. Its^Qorthwestem eztremitr is sepsrstsd from the coast of |«tesdor by the Strait of BeOe Isle. The south-wtet point is opposite to Gane BHtoni it is mteaen the easfrto the Atlaatio, and its west eeast forSTthe eMtera ,, "*?7 ™ *•»• 9«»" of St Lawrsnee. ]ts extreme lengtii, measured on a Hne te£5!/^^JP' **?ii? ^ "J^J^-^ to^pe Norman, at iu northern ^^^li*»'^5"^^2 thffjength from Cape Frseis. the northern entraoee to hs Bajr of Bon»Ti8ta,^t6 Oape Bay. opposite to Gape B?eton,.is about 950 miles. ™ »•«?« has BSfw tborourfily been surrsyed. but H is eomputed to oontain 8&.000 ^anusnulssii dumgh sonw esttmatss make it eoBsiderabb mora. »wi«l*«ffi???? ^ Mswfoundlairf. from the sea. is extramely mugged; the coast liB« belntf bMlsD info msay inlets and hai-boors. All the settlements hsTS bsen madi 5llr*'^^??**'P'*'*"***^ ♦•'•^^■feWI" t^wykare been uniformly pisoed oa the ooa^ aad^ or no attsmptsliavs been BMde eren to aoqnira any knowledge of dw iS^^LJ^^^a^^""^ Bowknwont tp^O or TO, the greater jMit of wUSh ar* on , tiM sastsra and souyMra sbms, and partwulatfy th» former. Tha OBlyiiogB iown •■n •A \ *) ;•« ^w GENERAll EEMARES. I ^fvf-/' 1? on the id«nd l« St John'., titaated in aboi^t W 9ISf N. Ut.. 6flf> 88' W. long., on the Mst tide of the iaUnd. which, beddes being the seia of government, is the prinoipel harbour for trfeding Tewele. ." ir r Newfoandland was probably JBrtt disooTered by the Northmen aboat the year 1000. John and Sebastian Cabot, on their seoond royage, disooverad Gape BonavUta. on this island, on the 24th of June, 1497. Landing in the acUoining hay, they found several "?T^L*^"^ *? ^ ''"'" °^ •oitMli, and; formally took possession of the island, which they eaUed Baeealaoi, the name given to ood-fish by the natives ; a name, it may be remarked, which has been adopted into the language of Portugal (baealhao). . from which eenntry some adventiuera subsequendy nioeeeded to the islahd and formed a aetaementi'flrom which they were driven by the EngUsh under Sir Francis Prake in the reign of Elizabeth. In 1610 a charter was granted to a company of adventurers of London and Bristol, for cdonizing NeWfoundland. and a colony was established at Conception-Bay. Four years later, courts of justice were establislied by royal autboritr in the island: and the first Lord B/dtimore,in 1623, established a flowdshtog eoloay at Ferryland, on the eaat coast, when he himself resided for many yeari. From this time numerotu M|ttlement8 were continually made along the east wast by the English, whilt the French established themselves on the south, at FlaoenU^ in the bay of that name, and maintatoed pcssession of it until the treaty of Utrecht, in April, 1718. By this treaty Newfoundland and, its dependencies were declared to belong wholly to Great Britain, but the French were allowed to fish and cure what they should catch on some parts of the shore, but were not allowed to erect fortifleations or any other buUdings. except such as were strictly reonired for the irarposesof the fishery. . • -^ ' ^ It was agreed in l6l8, that the v^g belonging to the United States shonld have, m eonamMi with the British subjeota, the urivUega of catching fish on the southern ""•^ •'f**^ Capo Bay and the Bamea Islands, and on the western and northern ooaat^^m CfHM Bqr to the Quirpon Islands } also on the shores of the Magdalen Jr*°^ *^^S^ $• "S"*^ ^Vf^ harbours, and creeks of Labrador. senred to he lesa numeroas. In winter diey appmur to retire to die deep water, but in Febnury. THE GREAf BANK to the aoath.eaatward of die idand, extends inm about the ,^of 4J^ N. to 470 48' N. Ite Ibrm. like diat of the^S« bSoTnTSSS deined: bat%hout die latitude of 4ft«. its breaddi is ne«iy 6 dsgreeTvlwnML todw **°*"*'!1^^ narrowa almost to a point, and saems suddenly todrep into «ii*V"Ttlfrw nator. The norA end. whieh is nearly in the latUude of Qapa &>san is about eo d: this will be abSut 140 -ilei totti^iwdofSrffiKkrAftK SLS? V!^ *»>• <»r«d Bank extend, fardier to dte eartwlSCdtaTSeSySSTi tether to the aanthward. it aannet be reeeamended as a fsfe jAooeed with oaiition whon ronniag on this panlleL We will suppose that you u* upro^ing the 8t Lawfenoe itoni the eastward, in that otte, in lat. 460 iV, yon wilT obtain soundings on the edge of the bank in long. 48» MTW. ; hefa the baak is very ^p. In lat. 44** N. and Ions. 4SP W.. tou wiU strike the edge of the bank in 106 Athonu. Tecy iltta grey sparkling sand; but ifiimediately yon ate to the wsetwanl of this podliaa, the soundings deersaso. Henoe. the edge of the^baok has a iontb- westorir diieetien to lat. 48° N. and long. 40° 60* W., whom are 80 fkthoms. havinc imm ediatel y to the eastward shoal water of 40 fhthoms. fine sand, shell% and mS, and to the westward, deep water. In the western part of the bank, in lonir. 6a» SO' W., is a deep gulley oalled the IVon dtf la Baleine or Whale Deep, in whioh an 67 to • u*^.""* ^^ * bottom of mod or oaie haiing a Ibtid smM; this deep abounds With diffiwent sorto of fish, but more pavtieularly the eod. wbidi ue ineeneeivablr numerous. The depths of the Oreat Bank vary hvm 30 to 60 ikthoms. and tte bottom also raries eoosideraUy, but it gmerally eonsista of sand, or si^id mixed with sheUs snd gravd, rarely with stones. , The eastern fine of^-the bank is of dear whitish sand, and often sparkling. BnUhe b)»st idea of the sBue and soundian of "^'JTi.**?* fe ifi«»^«*»y nferrin|«ie ehart wUeh aeoompimiM this w^ifc* ^n» Vwfm ilo«tf.r~8hoald you mHrthe Great Bank between 40° and47<> nctilUs n l^>tnde. you nwst hi ywry earefiil to «#oid being drifted luon Cape Base mVSnAa ^?L ^^. «»<*• 5«» Mmyed by flaptein jlishop. bS.. aniTMr. Boss. £b.i !?*J^^J"'*t?^ partwulars are the renilt of tlieir observations. The bank onwttieh the Yii^n Books are situated was found to extend 4* mUes in an E. by S. and W. by Kl *H!?^'hf?*t.** •* *k ^^ *** *■ **■ broadest part, the depths being ngoli^ fern ^88 to M b^oBs. 8«2id1iieee limita. thedeiinnereased «udd«ilyto 8»aS i?/***5^' I«»««» N«»ti«» Magaaine liar ISSa, p. 10, it is stated thai " thnr msridian distanee,^m Halilhx was Ibund to be 12» 40* 8* E., and the longitwU of the nZ depends on Haltfia Dook-ywrd. whtdi is soppoaed to be in 88° 88* 41* W.". Mr. Bote i?**'!'** *?^J^J!* extending in an irregular ehain, m> elnster, 800 ysids in ttm duBotion of ttE. by E. and B.wTby W., their breadth Taiying ftom 800 to 8W yaSf They were distinetly seen under water, partiettlarly a laige mass of white focLln*! fiitiioBi^ haying 6 and 8| ihthoms round it The shoal was traeM in » fathemk on dstaolMd neks, near the edoe of it, having deeper water between them. Qn the S*^!?S? "/S* **?ft^ SJ:.to W«t.t&e depth insreasea gnduaUy to SO ?*T^^^&!"'»^*"**'»»»'«fr»"*'»«>«»^«»tP*rt- The wme depth was fooadtPtheN^. and N.Brof the sbosl. at the distanee efoae-third of %^», and !l!S«!?J"?5*a w •P^i?*^'*.^**'* distanoo of one mile. The eumnt was found setting to W.S.W., at the rate of me mile per hour over the shosL with a oonfossd ^?fe^f ■^•' *' ^ 7^ *" lately disawered (1846) by Mr. Je«e Byder. ^ ^ **iSS ■«*«»«>« »•«»>•>. in kfc 48' 80' M., whieh apmired to be a-nS SLsfS? i^*^ *^ •™*^- H* diwoyeied it aoeidentally wluk seanbing for the A^'^IF^^f ^"''* npoa»nnd suppoaed it to be diont 60 mOes to the eaSwaid of toe Virgin Books, and to bear S. by W. about 1* mUes from the O-fathom bank. Hr. St**** **^*^,** *"™* •*• f^ *>' *• ^^° »««ks. baring afterwaids ' wSuf*"' *^ ^^'^"^ '^^ nperienee oftiie diAiMt ishing gioonAilneintt^ To (hj. weotw^ oftba QteatBank isasariaa eflmaks, called «hsOteen.«fc SS^T**?^' i?'^"***' *'"«»• •»* *• wtenslTe b«ik whieh extends oiT fable Uand. to tiia wMtwaid. along the noast of Nova Sootia. m ih^ i»»k. i..» I to 70 nthoms on them, and aflbrd a jrood indication I ship'a afpiMcii to «». bottom of soft m^S wJ!!f^r «*°"*5''**1*'" *^»® of the Oreat Bank is much deeper water wShi^ oaed^westward towards ^e Great Bank you will meet with fine whitish sand. speo^lS If bound to St Johnfa Harbour, it is advisable to keen on thu Mnil)«i nf aho „, oftiiGrtt.rl^'^£^'^*l*''*p'?',*'"4^^^^^^^^ fi *u 0»*t B«nk,^ obtatn soundings m long. 4SP 8(K or 4ff» V.. to steer direodv If *^!;"'*'S'''*!*''"* *" ^'^ ^^"'' »»»» 'f l*""*"* for the Gulf of StllwrJSw you should endearour to cross the bank in 46° SO', and when about in flf™ tfJ kJ^IS^b**?? ^^^ *?"'* ^ ''•P* 80^ "hen leaving the western edire of ik Skh ';;£s N NE *"an7^ ^ '?!ll 'n?" d««P,gu«ey of 80 to rfatSfm? E^^-'"?*^ *^ •' *"^^ oWeach side S i^Vo'WSS "f.th irmaki] followed steer a 1 ^_, oMpen your water mk^o Glooms. A farther run on the same oourae for about i5 miles, will ewiy you aoi««. this gulley, when you wiU shoal your wale! to 85 «d 80 ftt^ms: and altera Arther^un of 28 miles,i,ay steer abo J N Jf .KdiriSy for thS wis ^^r^^^'i^f^'l^^'e ^«** ^"*^ •»»9"W keepweftAHte north-* wgd ; for it has been long obwrve^^at vessels fW>m tl^e PentlffiOri^ imd ttw Ghannel. Dunng the winter season the American paokete alwavs keen well to X northward. The preferable ooaiM for vessela bouZdfoMho bS ofZ^y S £! rommer.is tokeep asikrto the northward as lab «'. Aintil reiViL SSW W Ihen to edge away so aa.to oross the iaU of the bank in abouVSKl?s5N At thui season of the year you wiU be more clear of the numerous flXnTvewels' that 1 . J2?^ *'*^fT -^ bemg to the westward of the banks, endeavour to keenha 5Mf.^ aToid the northern edge of the Gulf Stream; butin t^rw^tor thVSnk Wo^JJ^ hSS?.'^ *" *• ""**^ ** »^ •«^'»' *• northTiSiS wmS Two veapls bound to die lower porto in tite St Lai^nea hav» hMn v»».. *« *— ted the other, the faster saUer. of 7 weeks. In comparing lorn aftoHra^it aon«S2 that they were both in about long. 80" W. on tht»uu^d]!^hn!^^^ 100 «lh. to the •»Aw«d, with aVue " W^. wWr^Se Xr to £ ^Jtt^ To these remarks on the^paasams from England to Newfoundland, the foUowinff bj^a correspondent of tho NauTteJ Magazine, W p. 820. may prove it unSSpf: V " -^^oV^b *•»• 'OJ^S* to Mid from North America, between the parallelB of 80" and Ttfi «ShS"«?1?rS?"J^^ "^"^ • degree of peS. from m««s^ofte wWcYdrift to the soutWard. during the summer months, from the polar regions, vet many an vniraiy mwiner nuOmlipruu mioss the AtlanUc without any aSiSenion^LS ing thsM floating danger^ or without «ifflcienUy exeroisin?i[ fS^^S^ \ at rtiia\ AdesUa \ OENEBAL BEMAKKSl. l^^Z, y.f?^ «ffaiti8t oominif in ooUition with thtm. Tbl. J. not men oonj*oture, but Uie infomaUon of persona who unuaUy porform tbo voyiM. OMurred to veasels between Newfoundland and England, and in tbe nuSbeTor ISL J^*«*iS' °° **•" '?"**u Commander* of ahips should therefore bear in mind the ImperatiTe necessity there is for tislng their utmost rigilanoe and attention R^wTt'^ the . bore-named pandlels. es5K«aUy between thfmeridsSJof S^4 6Q West, to guard against eoning in contaot with these formidable dangers of th« -1 JHf if*^* JrJ ^S*'* ««/>•, well" supplied wkh every essential equipment and tS?A****?''*' ^''^ aooommWtion of passengers, when making Aeir WinSJ lhl^AA°"'.i^\^^^°h^^^f ^ ^^^ *•*'*"*" »»t" ntariDg Newfoundland. S «ri,tnSi »**'fK*''''^'' ! °^^ **'. ^r^*"* ^ tempaiuou? weather so generaUy !^Sffi^T* *° thp southward, and of obtaining fairerSTlnds ; and thus, by%lippSJ within the mighty stream froni the Florida Channel, they evade its retSSinS influence. The voyage by this route is shortened; and, although bad weather must be !vSS!S* *i ill" °* "?» I'"**"* " '■?''5 *»»"» ' **^^«" *Mob"the eastern ennent i. avoids* I beheve it Is an unusual thing to meet with ioe krthis part of the AtlaoUo ItyLTT'L^^ r ?^^' ^ '""•'^'W '^°t »•*««> to ^« contrary^ so t£t a the vo *^ " •««>n, a« well as in the summer, by vessels mdlbig iiJLf^*^i!^^ **l* f miifoM pai4et,on the 26th of Febniaiyrl888.«et with muoh fleld-ice on the ooast of Nova ScotU; and in the latitude of 4l» N. a^d W 4J?W Aose on bowd were much Surprised by faUing in with a laige auanUty oF stiondT T^tir •^i°*' "^"««» f" ^e^'- way to 6* «d 7 knotsTfrom SliSg^ thJ22 »w«n1?' MPj*!: «'«»:««fed main-t^s^l^d reefed fdresaU. On the4^ of March! she feU in with three beigs. of laive dimenMons. in a run of 9» mUes; and at^ne the same evening she was obliged to pass between the two easternmost of these mwe of these dangerous float^g masses wore seen^ Jrom »n aocounto it seems' that thograatest danger is to be apprehended in the vioiniu of the Banks of Newfoundlan'd , and tbis.*a8 every nav^StorknwMs to! oreased by n dense fog which generally pervades th; atinos^ere in thi 0^22^ aS ^^kT' l*"***"! "»* ^"^^^ "f ^*"«°to • ^y «iwni»«eribed Hmit"^^' "^ , f«T5!SS. f* ^•'»?y«"0>T'* ***'*"«'*«••'*"•>, from the middle of sprina to DMomber.^ hs.ve been known to last 8 and 10 days sooeessivelv : at aueb times th^T are oflen so tWek that you will not be able to see^i^lSK 10 VihZs diSSt • I oontonual dm.^ ng rain is dropping from the saik lidrigging. a^neral SK iii v«l^ and sonieumes attended wfth a considerable swell of tt,e%MN » that iJa,*!; oMrtMUy in fear of nmning foul of «>me vesseta. or being driftS by S. S2 ^JT i?T danger, whioh, from a tot*l inabiUty of diseov^g. yea iAll h»^«0Mi ?iSSL*lf I?*L J**'^ ourrento which surrouid the Island SWoupd^SfSt froqnently so violent and so imgular, sometimes driving toward* the shoro andwmo. time» towKds the sea, that the greatest caution wiU alwws be found nw«aS;wWto the euwentconMngfa^m the northern regions sweeps along the shoSiofSbiSJ? «d. in thejpr^, detaohea immense Sbeigs,whlch ilott to th»^iJJS!ttS beooae exeMdb^y dangerous, espoeially in foggy weather; «eme oftiwsemiS. 2« ft^«»tly he growS^^^ ^60 /atbomTStor. and ;^%ifl iTJ^ ZSf tw*"*!!*!?^,' •»S« *•*"" of 126 or 180 leagues from the land. FoSJ K^flS/** 5T^J!"* **•'**• WV generally be ditcovLed. even in dark weaSS SiJiflff ^ bnghtajmeawnoe o/ Oie skyibove them, and ateo by theroarTSS S.«^te!'?'»"«^.*"»' *»'oy«I~«*ybo«PP»haided.bvthelntonS«ikhS iilLii7*"'fr*'*5*r*'««»°J t^? th«y^Smti|iu« an/aw wuSTiJS^ l^ilf! •• ''"'••' ^"^J'^l Augiwfc Tour approaAtowaidf the banks mw be kMiS S^i^^T^T '»«»* S^** *"» »« l«\ eaat#wrd, all alodg Um watlMni oomI of N^vfoondbuid. with freanontlv &i>l *.dn. of many live*, and the wimIc ,«f nnnuraoa T«M*la. ThaM 1amI«»»!!!:.^£T preTdl on that B^ b^-n C«j. H«» ««| S5tiy.mB3u.hSS S2? ■hip 2)ni**, in Juna. 1822, waa wmbd about tha MMtnThMl J?8l aSe- Si?: ?W.h «^Si'S?"*J 'i"'*"/^ hara b«.n «a,t awaj on thTamSTpSSTliiS which dividaa the two.baTa of Tnptmn and 8t If arr. £an on anr oth^ t^ Jm^ ijjjujd;-.that th«. ^HriLit. wj;"SLonad bylJ;^^':^.^?^^'^: It ft^uenUy hutpena that a Vi^aNl bound -ftoai ^land to Quebao will .trlk« ■onndfam on tha G&eat Banh of Nkirfoundland. and^JTSiSe iTwuSa fi tfS Gulf of St Lawrenctf, without erar aaeinf the litid^wSS^wSSSt^i^^lSliil whieh rune aonatioMa at the nta of 4^niile« anh«nr liTti^^* -1--^ i^^"** waid: andwhik he «ona on the east eoaat Yon will «nd thrtdeoth m w««- ■« a i«t.-M-«Ki- « afe«ed.andW may M«ypu»ua what «Mit;a y«m SS^roJeTboTuiVyrtM! toSTte ^.'^'^-^^^ • ««.» ~i.u«,dap.ff5^ Itt^^Z |^t.'-^Sisrw^trj^ jjtt^ wfad m qnlta^^ •ppoAa dfi^iSn, . dfwmS^ ^liSn^sMx^^ tothTSJS^^ Option wi& eiactnaaa) thia i. pwb^y lH)oari«»ad> UiT^lfo^^ "^BMJnta on «fa« Oraat Baakhsra a vari^bla diraatioB, oTilLi thawted ia ■•I «» <»^ ewiaa, aa II ia, at tiiM., !■ • diftiirt dliW«lo«. ST^^ ^^ - '^ft<^'^/. CAPE BAGE TO CAP! liffr. FBANGIS. that the eurrant crtrj day makM th« round of the oraapMa; and it is feond, by doao observation, that beyond the meridian of Cape Baoe it ie mostly to the westward." Iea|l^ew%uu»f the Atlantic Osean the ice appears Almost erery year, in the various forms^TfleUMce, floes, snd i lassive iee-ialands, drifted from the arctic regions by the constant action of the polsj^ currents. These ice-hearing euv> rents, in flowing towaids the South, must' itecesssrily incline towards the- western limits of the Ocean, owing to the increased velocity of the diurnal rotation of the earth's surfiuse as we depart from the poles ; a law well understood ss regards the cur- rents of oir which form the trade winds. Hence it is that on and near the Baiiks of Newfoundland these ice currents sre found to woes tiie ususl traek of vessels bound from the ports of Europe to North America. The quantity of ioe whioh appears on this route of navigation in diffoent years, is exceedingly various. It is sometimes seen ss early in Jhe yesr as January, and seldom later than the month of August From llareb t6 July is its most common season. It is found most frequMtly to the west of long. 4i**, snd to the esstwsrd of long. 5&*>: but Icebergs are sometimes met with ss far eastward as long. 40^, sad in •ome rare cases even still further towards Eutroel Experience has shown that the proximity of we is fsr less haiaidous thsn rocfa er ■boals ; and this floating danger would be still 1ms formidable were k not for thsfiws and mists which it often csu^. The tktmomdUr has bsen often fadd up ly affind- ing sure indications of an spproach to ice, by the niduotion of temperatnre shown both in the air and water, and these indications are important and should by no means be neglected. But therb may be many cases of approach to ice where a mli- anoe upon the Uiermometer ^one oc«ild not alEbrd security. Although little or no ice he seen in one passage, or even in many times orassiag the Atlaniic, yet it has been frequently tset In snch quantities ss ssemed to ' " & vast «r indefinite extenakm of the ice-fields, towarw the polar i BAST COAST OF NEWFOUNDLAND. OAFS BAOE TO CAFE ST. FRA^OIS. ^the soutb-east point of Nswfonndland, liss in fatitoie iV W Mf N. snd lonMtnde iffi 4' W., and is a table land 8 niiles; nssriy ons nde to the southward '*'*» <»• ^''•rt" of « mUe ohaot-vessels generaUy rid?in TS « f.T*' °»"«^ Admiral's Oori, in which me^ /•"^•r upthe?„C?iriV2M?ntoed'te >«d-k,ck^ About . Sui i. the best MchorageforliS^shiM in 1^^ there you will be o^nvenientSTsi^y for «m.j • '**""! ****'• ""ddyground. as on the same side, is ^^mlVlS^^^^^tS^^lVt^u "'* ''•*•'' Farther up, eh««el. there is a shoal, on w3i «i oJl^u^Ufj?'''''.??*'.**" »*^*« o' »»>• dagger in the harbour. , '^ " "*** *»*" J 'his is the only known fc^N^if^'i/^BirkSiSL!^^ BaldHe«l.,„,d one mile in iUe^t^S". wJJ^k^able'wat^^ ^ ^'J^J ^- ^ ='««k Head, and has with about 16 fathSmswato tMJ^-^* northward of whioh isthe p^MMUiein. "lowing a. you «d"an?*^nkILJ biJY.S:^,S?tiV^^ .bo^ltTSlS beoomes innoh contracted. affordinrWeT^ZltflZK*' *■••** *»' ^* ^^ "i"*" *» nairows is a small cove of about f fcth JiV i^ t^ftf?" "•^^.'j "'?•' '^"»>° «>« pUoe for vessels to heaTe down tte So^^^in?^' ^^ *' «>n»M««>d to be a good giTe a berth to the .tony »2h Jn «h7 ^5^ !& ^o "saU throwh the nanS^ '••".feS^f^X** »»l«J»ko/thrnatwrwf«i'?^^ *^« "•^-. 't «Hrfi.g ■hoal. exoeptinir at the m1nr<7ri.rtl "" """^ ""*"' without Aquafort. and N.E i E° » ma^e SfLS^ ^'rT\ ' - — - «««• "«» eloM off it. two bia^mks .£VrJ!r ^^^^ S ^."'^^•'^jr high, hating. ewiljdistinguislM^tonaeooumrflK^^Srth^^^ Thel«Mlisn?t entrance into Fenrland HarhcJ^ H« ^^ "fj?*"'' »* *»«"»8 mach higher. The We Bois, and is liSeToi?S« hi7a^wr'.'l"i:'i:?.*'*t» »"'^' »*twe«» it iS Ide Bois it is much wiffattS affi ^^.^ki "i^^'^'^'l' *""* •^ yo« ■" within water, but the north-eirt Jinds hl«-11?^^ good anchorage in Bm 10 fathoms extend f«,m the Isle BcSto^n,^^' * ^^'^ «™»* "*• ^^'^ «>• 1<>^ «>ok» thaj m£rs»itm''SoSete^'t>Ji"irrt^^ ^. V ^••«-*»» ^-^ • a mUe. *" °">^® "'"»«. the course is N. 6° W.. distant half to b^^'^eiSwJg^'JLS S.^-J't »«-»:^» «*»»" "«»• <>' oSe the least danger, the isUmd, SS?bStoTr*^ **•"** ^*^»«^"^«»'*J'er«i. not Island. betweSi it and^ bSuL .ni ^ iHj?^ ^T **» ?5. ~»a>waid of <3«oe* to tlie M»tward of We Si^Kw S ^1^**^^'"* '*'/"^^ ^•^ «?«» oiJy a fisthoms water. Wilrfy Ldwir^tt2rfci!*^S""i*^ tbewlMS/ Point; after yott an wi^in thisrSk^!^^- ^iT" *^?*** ^f*^'* w^ 0«W F ^ beet anchorage is abneS* c^If ^* ™?v^ ** denger in sailing up the bay. 1 Sogpiii'.Hiyi^J'Su^SS^^X **" ^^ han^*hottt U. mii?wit southward. Rom the norS^Sit^Slt^^^P^J!^*'^"'*^ f sea break* tery U onaeonFertyland. our open will carry; Wtbeaa rast^Mtt 'odireetly V •l-^l- GAPE BAOE TO CAPE ST. FRANOWJ. \-* t /■ ■V. :, : V for obtdning wpod wd^ieST^ *^ ^' ^^^ y"" '"* ^ ~n»«nlenUy rita.ted ^Clo«. to the n^hw«d of Brigu. U^ i. th. «ndl cor. of thiU „«*. fl. only fo, aboat 6ne mUe d«p. *™p««» » «^t 1| "m1«* Momtbite Bay « »,y open bay, Satanoe orer to oSin iS^t PP«^ • ledgo of wfcoxteiids about onf third o^tte of^S^/ii£f*5i?'iSi^r«ttiUS^^ and iapntty high land. ^*^ ^'^^' *^^^ 9""*" ®' * mil* broad, «>Sh^?^ of'SlaiTntSe B^^^^^ cS^d^'th. of the^iid b*y. cSXlHe^*^^^ beat anehoniga'in tbialay foTSrS tS S Sit l5f f fe^** '^"•^XT*'* •bout U fatfaoma wataiT but ma^T^mlri^SL.^J' "T* ^""^ *•>* •'«^ north ahoie, whe|« they wiU L land-kS ^.^^I^S h^b«>i». «ad moor to tli*s ^dl rook^off^Sd ao'd OhJlLt^^i^^nJl^i^STjt^^T''" ^ ' jh«h a«r » featwtar. lying <-r M.^ cova.^7tS*J ^ll^'i?'^ F^m Bnll'« TlamA 4a *1u> hwh4u»wM«iS«^rtJSJiir,s^^^ ■\„ \ 10 'vr OAPE RACE Tp GAPE BT. FRANCIS. Tbew «« thne him between Gape «pe«- ud the entruioe to St John'e : 1, 0|m Bay lying Iwtween C«pe Spear and Bl^k HfMd ; 2, Doadnan'e Bay between BjS Head and SmtU Point; and, 8> fmhVater Bay between SmaU Wnt and Fwt . Ainbeiftb N. From Fort Ambent.on the adnth fiead at the entranee of St John'e Harbour. afebie'^Sn^ * ' whiob,\ftom ito elevation, nay be seen at a con- *i*^?!I?'* «Am»«o»^The city of St^ John's is the eapital of the island, beinff^ the seafc of gOTernment ; and althougli its ipproaeh is narrow, its harbour is exoef- lent, and its situation readily known, both bjr the block-house on Signal HIU. at the north nde. alidFort Amherst, on iU south eid^. or point of entranee! The ohannfll from point to Jmint, is only about one-sixth ]p{ a mile wide; but it is wider just within On nomts than between them, deereasing agfin as you appioadi the Chain Bock; for.itom t^TW to the Pancake Rjcl.tSl distaiiee i.'^Snly »6 fihonrt^ tiMse rocks both beingx^re water and ste$.to^ Chain is the northern rock, and »lficake Bock lies on the iouth side of the channel. Three saall knolls lie between these two rocks, with from 1^^ 24 feel on thei ■. •w-ww* In approaching the harbour df^St John's witb a large ihiri; care must be taken to aToid the Vestal Bock, which lies^ut 60 fathoms off the sSuthem. or Fort Amherst Point: OTor this wk are 18 feet waters the marM^qr it are Fort William, or thedd garrison, just ppen of the south heads: and t) e atei, being steep-to, and therefoivnot dangerous. The course in is K.W. by w3fc shore eontiiluiiw bold unS^oJi «t near to the Flsneake. then giTo the south sidii a smaU berthTflBntinae tbi same eourse, or rather more Inclined to the westward, loping Fort Amhent flatfystaff odob to thjnorthward^of Rederiek's Battery lag^aff; y5i wju, by^hS^Sf S ^SaV*^' ?/?* "* *•* P^ side, running qir Jie end of another rock, formed like a saddle, with 18 feet water & the hoUow. atit dul; r $ f^t on its outside ; yet it Ik steep, to. hMing not lesa Uian & fathoms eloseto it; g6 soon as you are within, and have passed the Frosser Book, you may stewr «p as yi>u please, both diores being dear of I^iiSidS ' "» fi*" * to 10 flMaj^sgiter, on a bottomoTaiud, SaA lying The winds from the S.W. to the southward^ as far as N.E. by E. blow in. all other . direeUons of the wind either baffle or blow eut of the Kanows ; with the latter winds you most waiy m, for the couTenience of doing vhieh rinn an flx^d in the rocks on oh sidift. The anehorage within the Narrows his from 10 ta 16 fathoms, and a little I yon enter the Narrows there an SO fl^oir^ . •»• I itifks riie 6, neaps »| fe«t. bat Ttnr ir winds ;\aiid the variation is about two points about 7h>Mm. The towiM St John is eomposod of onehmgsbeet. running neariy plnBd tir^ duure. and of ^Terd sbwter streets or lanes which bnmoh from the maiMi^Bel^jiklriffbt anglea. Meet df the houses are of wood, some arelof bricks and others oCstone. K^. diore isenftwdy Uned by wharres, which are moetiW ooeupied tiystagaafor curinfffldi. The goTwrnment baa a ine wide wharf, which is of- -- '*^ -"'^ - «urinyn«i. of the town fluetuatos extreme^ with the seasoi place is orowded,b«t many of its then inbabita ▼eesds. StJohj^'sisbuilttmaiwninsula, wbidi: of Avdon. TbaootFMiea to the harbour is goarde^ «, ,«»«> immmMm, mam rormenT Jf*ilKsS?£!? from tha Chmn Bock 0ienee 'if Ba«e>. to prwent the entrance , A steWMtr to the epaat shonld be eaiwftH not to idatahe Kitty Tit^y, a sindl plae^ at on^y fcr boats, lying^ about a mih to the nor^wttTof St JohnV for St fi^t ^* ■* .?* • *J*«^iy»^ *••* »M»««nee of aTgood harbour. He will tfaerafen obearre, that at Kit^y Titty's south side is a nmndliai, shaped like a haycock standi ing iip«i^ Cuckdd's HeadrirhUe 8t John's Harbo^ may V distinguiihTby Fort Amhent, which appean whito,,and by the flag-staTod on the hilL over the oflvtb neiat of entmieif, which auffidently denoto the right entrance. *^ Aboot a mile fnm Oue^d's PoiRt ia-a mall point or projection of the land: and 8 ■ilea ftKtli^ Sugar-Loaf Point, tqiering npWard. aJd mMh jiS^Sbl^imSi > bdng muoh inftnenoed by the y. It k high water, F. A a. at J toihe pablie. the popnfatioii Al^the hcoght of the tshing the I rtftnm to Eiuopa in the trading ^ BalOBon named the provinoe r varioiu batteriea, and formeiiy ■— —r- i' :-^ -JXritf,. , ; jrt.W-Tja', ■ ■ . j-pr;- «^^, PROM CAPE ST. FRANCIS TQ VoCALIE ■mall loaf. On* iugat farther ia Bad Head, havinff batwaea. ' TdRBAY.— Ona mila and a half horn Red H which Ja aomawbat lower than the others. From thia tom^ plaoe where veaaela anchor, the.oourae U aboul may ride in 14 and 18 fakhoma, but much axpoaed to '*"°ff '"v^ * '*^ » extent From off ita northern ^ aaa breaka. A heary awell aata from the eaatwaid into good place to lie in. From Flat Bock Point, which ia low, dark land, the oo He^, a distance of S milaa; and from thence to Black H '^vS milea more. i^S^Jl^F• FBANOIS—Prom Black Head to Cape St., N.^.W., diatwiee oA league. Gape 8t Francia haa a white aou- "*i^*».*^'* *V^* *"«* "•" •• W"- A Uttle aouth of the cape i? uaed tehad weather for aplitting and aalting flab. Off the e^ th. and with northwly, westerly, and southerly winds, you wiU lie safe Abotit t* »ilea to the eaatwaid of Cape 8t Frweia, in & trian apme sunkV »eka^ called the Brandy £eka, on which the^ , liT^u * '*ff '^***''f° ^f^ "^ "»* •*?•• ^»* too dangerona to h4ma«*»" ««to. within Bella li.klo«S S^ SALlfOlTcom-Salinon Cot* liaa about a mila to th*i>«atwarfc/ H«riKw ?' '•TCKi:' 19 FROM CAPE ST. FRANCIS TO BOCALIEU ISLAND. Uain. Th« cnlruiM to it is about * mile wide, and nins to ih« W R w .!«..,» oi th« otheir to thk Muthward U inilea. In. either of theae anna there is yer* a«od •Dobora8Vi.^yt the best.is in Ae southern ant, in from 6 to rOftSoS. walT tK bwiig no danger jq going into it Tp aail into the western arm, kSJ a roJk ab^ ?^!iRL?°^''*** lies nearly opposite, a small dlstanee from the sfaAowd Sow* th«w^f^,«Swg« on either si roek, but the southern -Is by £th?wid^ Abput a fragile to the westward of Salmon Core lies Collier's Bay" biJh Jum h, nearly « leagues. About li miles from the entrance there is a ei^keSJ^ n.S ni^ehannel, on either side of which i« a safe passage m, thTba, • th?s mS/.^„« !I three-quarters ebb. , At 2j rfiiles from the entL"f on threa.?8ide is'^iw!! ti •bout 10 fathoms water before a cove: small teasels msTbaXothervia^^^^^ in 8 or 4 fathoms water, and moor to the shores. About 14 mi£ hiXTuJ' on the •ame side, is another ewe, but there is no anchorege in it, SSni shoaTJnd fal of ^jjken reck.. Nem- the W of the bay i. ,ery go5i anchiiS^fn'S'S 10 fa£im.' About a miles to the northward of Collier's Bay ia situated BrimisBM whinh «,«. n from 5rig«. Herf li mile.; in it is «,oho«Vm loTlft fSomf;!.^^ bSi! i. mtirely open. At the head of thebay, on the s^tb aide. i. aniilSd! JSSS which TMsd. may anchor in 8 or 4 fathotn. w'ater, but mvM moo^ to" riorUTwherrtttr will be aeoure from all wiods. "uorw, wuere iney POBTGBAVP BAY lies to the northward of Briffus and has within i* fti,--.^»* - Ship Co.e. and Cupid Coye; the littter lies on^k.3S"deo"SrtS.VB2^ "and hM In it good anchor.^ in 6 or 6 fathoms water, with room for 2 off shL t7iir.t their anchor., dmest laod-lochad. It. north side i. so hoH that .Wn. ii?-i«.,«!il! the rocks, and take k, their cargoe.. The IwdTthe^orthlm ride n^th.^^?*^^* i. remarkably high, .nd thence called Spectacle HeS! ^^ "' ""• •"*'"*• Sheep. or Ship Core ha. within i^ 4 and fathoms water, and ndll accommodate .^.-s nrs.rssSfrth'ji.r' '""' ""^ '•''• ^^^^^^^^^^ . From Burnt Head, the south pdintof FortgraTe Ba» to BmvitnhMt'm P/.i«* a-! ^them point of the entrance to^berf. S^X SSiJi Sldistii^'i^*'N*E J N. »1 mile.. About one mUe to the Muthwai^ of Bay Robert^ Poilrt i.^l«- tii down Head, imnarkable by bdng higher th«ttbe WnSJi?- beUre« B« ^Hwt Point and Bfow-me^ownfemd to almll eore^SH^HilT ^"7^^* \J^'2L^i^S^'*J^«^M^^}^* dtngar .t iu entrance. InwUling in you may borrow •» either ude. or go oIom to an island, of • moderate hdght. wb^h lies about a mile from the entranc* on the Mu^board .ide; and KrpwiJ t^ kSid von ^^ 5V^*- ^ ""*^ "** ^" knd-Iocked in W and 10?XSI B^WinS! idand and the mam reswl. mfty ftnchor.hut the ground is bad md thM«^t.n Wnken rock.,rithin,it. onrlying ne.rthe inner S^ the WaS/iii U.nf2J aboTe the island near the main. Two mUes iOmto tho iidand imtheWe iSl iu^ From Spuuarf . JBagr to Harhonr OrMe tatend.. the bearinff and dfatanM .m w v ^ a league.. Tbeeejsl«d.lie off the ««ShpoLKf KtrSfolSrSom? noirad 1. feul and rimti, and then are rock, about the isletH. (0« tZt^ ♦i.-.T fitod. tjero i. a Mghthou*. which riiow. i. axedM^ht frZ the top", sq^ wM«5j)«Ming. Bwt't OoTOi tq tfi. «mthw«»d" of Harbour SWi.^o?J pbeo ibr Mjm, although • gdod pl«i. fcr Hih. A rook lie. S die iSn? Sw -*^' J « t \\ I. /« f. ^^: J « t ■\\ ■ I. PROM CAPE ST. FRANCIS TO BOOALIKU ISLAND. tS rnTOaS''"^ "" •"' '"• *" "*'»'' * '^'»- "^^ TlM» ground wlthli th. «!«. of lb. U„k.'.h.„ fi£JS7, ?h. $r AV« "^' "" '"" '•'*• ""^ "^ land, ouior ,.,..,, .„van *rv*iuuu( • miie oeioiv roper to be, knomi : by kaepinir ne*r tZ north sho- r„T.m « •^^,^'..^j''»»> *• »bore mentioned, and ext^a ab to l!Be aouth hHom h..:..'. — -"« w.n,« ™o», tremity. you m.y turn fW>Wdd« to ikStUnirMn T: kT I "* Pf*^ '*» «"*" «' ndeJ^/nLocked^n 4. 5. or a^lj^^ ^J.^^^^^^^^^^ JT^^^'. ^ 15^-1^;;^ JjJ OARHONIERE ISLAND AND HAJIB0tJR.4c.r^lere UUnA u from shore : it, eouth end is low, and hijor h5 . fort^ fT tMi.«7 T ,T*'* as are sIm the shores of the harbour; but off the 8 w! wd of the IMS'* " ^"^'^i rocks under water, which render the passage Ktweea the wInJ .1??^* '" r^*^ dangerous. Qn the north side, opposi teSJbo?iirW.ud Sf t^ JJ! ""*" ^'1'^ Clowa'sOoTe. and Crackers Cove, off which aTstoTerar^ks^th^Kf^*^ 5'""'^ water; therefow. in sailing or working in oroSTcw^ii^ri? S^/'h,"^ ""l^' smaU berth, and after yon reach jOtterb^r PofiirTou mat^Zn^J^iil * ** "*''• ^ shore till you come near the hewi^pMhi\u^ul Y^n^^J^^ I ?"'.°° •**« J.a plea., i« from 6 to 10 f«homs.*'{^t t^^Sd Ji^U^'orSinVro'.t'a^'a N.^ru?rs;i'%'ron%^^e"Si2^:^^ fWm°Elalmon Cove Head to Broad Goth nm»A »»*i.>.....il :• . • 4 mUes; and from the latter beadToSw or wJSem S^J^pT?' J^* l*^«» »• about 8f maes. Off Bro«i Cowind iS sh?« aW^^ Sil^*?^ V''' *f*""! *« anchorage in 10 to ift fathoms water. ^^ '""' *• *• northward, is ,Y!J" • ^oint Cow lies 4| mUes to the north-eastward oftwrB.. k * , «'itMe oPiW^^fnoe. To^ northward of il iTSld clw^d^i fc!!k^ 'r^^ northward is Vtamboroagh Head, which is blMVSd .t-«!!«^**^ '^'?'»®' *® *•>• «»'«h/h«rn,y H exceptTth ,S*h*«SndV T ^ ' "**•'* ^ ^ P'** w-^'^™^^^'^' "here the ships 11^ is about hilTa mfl« tA «h. »^.__ . , ^ .head. The entranoe is not abo^ a cable's lenSh aoSSi «d fhrtST^I-*'.*^ iithonu irator, about hUf a caUti's length from iSfh Jdnfrt!^ "If^'P* ^« ^ » otot astam. and the other eaWo^st SVhoS affi^Wh"^Jr**^ .dMps to lie. CTen in ihta manner: and it ta rd^LJ^f i^ 'S.^ only tor T or 8 winds, which blow ri/ht IntoT Bat^Vwie j. .ter«^^ Pfc* '^ "wih-wa^toriy . itrpositbii, tor' these three haada/Bar Yerda Head. flX S* .f^^ ^ P®"** <»n* south- ■ ^'ja'i,"" fiota-. -/ 'W '<■'■■''':'. uartwor Uajr, whioh ma* lowurd, in m aouth-wMtor r direetwa full a mila. tlSBTi. OhI?« Bi^* £ pfaSi 5 B^ ^%L^-^'^'**^^"^'^ *^ within 9 «ll^ of £ ■!«; T? KirSij.'"!.* miuit hirthBT oo»p«- w«i: both ihei n. ^*n«« I)irH»,R„ r."*^".'^ f ' *••? ^'^ *' ^"^'•' *• -itairt*! "••' Harbour. ^ -ki-?^ .?«"'.*■ ?° MtentiT* piftoe. with gwid aaoborM*. but barred wItJ. ».» shMb. th« flrat of whi«h liM midw.T botweon TioUo Poin^ DaS^wLS k!!?^ «.«.. ootre op«a of Sh«Uop Goto Point, ftad you wUl vo elew to tho wMtHni in^ SS^P.^S'^ ?". "^''^ r ** ^^"^^^ whioh%rili b« .TOiSd bH«S oiSSnTthJ Sthorfk *^.S!'*" ^iV**- y^" ?»y ••"*•' «»^«J»«* »'««'<>. in from 10 tose a!sfw. jt/d-ssrai^rs'i^si:" "^ '^'^ »•- -^.r poi»t », BooSiL' •ni^^ if -hl!!!I P /T **•' "»'"«' »« ^"^ Hafboaf !• Jone*- Hwboo, the rilEf;^ tJJH '""?J" 5r • S":*- •?•* *'-l«>^ •oofcom^iTfrnn 5 to »• niaomt water, lo the aouthwara ie « bitrh tod ataen laUnd Mdi.ii r<».^' r i j •bout 4 Miles fh>m whioh ia Bald Heed? ^fmilTXAh^iSr. n l'*!?'' ' its eotrsnoe confined, being -rSS^tiiSVqSSr of . ,i'ii?!ffi &i!??» off the north shore, juat et the entmnoe, lies a sunken rook and al^t kmil! a «?p h.%L^?L.^z~di^t^^^^ -"fte-rrsr^i^ss'iSssTS SZ^fiSL?iLtoHji^"EL°"'''^S" '"''''•' is Fox Gove, fit fortaSTaSI ' Imd^oui^iZ^^l^^'' ioojre with an isluid before it. withTTSSSU •no^oute fran this another cove on the northern side, where a rmmi aiVSiS iiiS^™#in2!?5h?i^'^i^*?;pj^^^ I •»^.^ 5-i^ "• ™f^ Shol-m Harbour ie • Bcrttered |tw»rd one mile, and beinir aboAt ^au^^ ^t. -i' ^ branches off, mnninir •nf good anohonge. FroTloI^tU hS ?/port B J**''*?''" •" ' ^t»^ -twS^ Bona^ture i. between Jb||Sj,^^„r-.".eS^^ New. looked, ft is-a plaoe where you iS^ferv iS^S J'"'"''/^^'*?" "*y 'i'^ l*'»d^ Mde, and having Ino danger bit what i^tSShii^ "* ®5 **?'• bWliold'to on eaeh •m whetethe^idminafstSsiuiuJ^iTlSiS^^^^^^^ »°*° *«>«»8T which shoots off from the P^wi3iMh?sm^H.u„w ''^^t^^^ *• ■"'«** ^""t. extends over N.N.W. about a iwS Jf A/hilST"*! 2* ^"1^ ■*«*• going in, and bank, which wUl discover itself bllhe ^loi^S/iS"^*™* ^^8 wiSun'that Uttie distance. In order to avoid itTlJ^^fv • *^*"" "**. **"*»'• *««»k, giving it a rteep pereendicular rock, riffil teSSS. T.S *"J^« •»"""• •t«dingoviih! the MSok; keep this maST ^mloJ^^Si' *^* ""* ^'''P C»^ •?« of Ijwl towards the 6.W. branS. iS J^°t^,iS*^y «»»«• ^ the NeddiokHhen Ta^emor's Point with theN^dSk- fo^Slf^^"* the south shore. tiU you shvU in ^ You may anchor in fh,m U to lo' fai?^J^ '"""'"u"'* ^"^ B«k. ^ f •hors, so as to make a stem idth tonm.iiT *"** •PP'OMb near to the stage on yowship. This willTSuS ACScSJnrh!*SS!"°/''n'»^«'^ aw, am. you will perceive MothShr*nTi berbour; for, after you are in the «naed by Jnother totto aW. • bJt S?i«TlS!"* °fJ** **»« N.W.f which is con! aw.ani. '"*"*"•**"•*>« or ledge, at the entrance of this B^dee 4e bS-men'tfiirSJS'^; mi?f JfSS.T''*^ f".*»<' «" «»' -hip* Ships, being within ttehwW. tannS « °J.*™:5? "P *» *^o °orth. '^ etarboard or east aide, Snd-l^i o?^' ^ "?*'? '**'.^ * ^"^ oove on the egainst that oove. on thniiride 'iS S^otgl!™'* '' ^T *^* P"^" «^ OvS named the Vioe-Admiral's Cove id?. T^ i" ~T^ ^^^ •outhernmost of which 4s <»r tothenorthwarfofThalJr^W.'Uror^"l!SL?^^^^ **' endabov? *ttom enough for 800 or iOO sJ^ KSJIto L!^ii**"*? ^** ^'•' *»"«• *«• i* wfads. «^„or tide can hurtTou. Md^nlul, rfii thl2^*"r* ' *'^ »•*»»'« iheweather becomes clear and opw/ " ^^ ^ ""^ "• «»«»poead untU •^•■w ui »uv snore; acQiO, 7, 8 10 IS m tile middio of. the arms and ohum^^ ' ya- -^T"""'?' """ "* "o"* ?"«•• ««»oi«t STA. odyHj b«tir«Bf| EUmdom Island, iistant 4 tnilM. aome Bcattefed sms water, and M off, ronning •re 7 fathome le 3 mUea, but uu-bour to the m is between ttboms water ; bin, and hare lend Jn a veiy It behind the Bven with bad distance are P- ce of Trinity Bonarentiire I in all New- «7 ride land- di-to on eaeh ito the 8.W. l/twob Bank, foiag in, and r within that rs' OTer oloee :, giring it a ling over the ^▼e, open of eddidt, then yon shvt in Bank. le s^ge oa d or unload I Are in the hieh is eon- snce of this til of ships. «h. love on the lire. Over ofwhidhis •ad above, ne there is •re, neither loseduitil u)gronii4 two boats* ■oesmore, observiBf )td. The nrevesselB PBDM BGGALIEU ISLAND TO. CAPE fiONAVISTA I7 rrs, and has a good deoul^f w«tar^!!^i J Pv«°*i''*J*'***' •* ^* " ^^^ of dan- extends about 3 miles toSenoSwwd * «>««»«»""• •«n«U ran of wuer, which S^rdl^VeiZlTvl^^^^ ^u^SjJrwhSh^^^it^iSrfntk^t^^ those who intend going th«S. wiVriS^LSl SSf a^ *'l**'" *^ *°*«'5 ^"t «»' the nef of rocks it ita entauM min.K!' wt^*' "?,"•?«* *® *^^ northward of open, then yon steer in SSS^V^n ^i*? r^**5*' "■»*" *•»• •»"»»«' comes quite A'beingS ^iTmoi'oTS; i^S;!^ tothe westward of them all, or aSyorSt £\5S S^'nf*^ fT""*" J^«" *"» betweea the westernmost rock and iJi« m-jJrlu "* "•" °^ Cataliaa to appear *«^ « .t thVlSid SSeTiSi.*' ^' ••••" ^''" "^y •°«^'- A ri^«' of ^ ^ the iwA piATof iteTtoSriS^ hl/^JllIfr i^ ' BinguliFneea^Md BrMBd^aadsiirieda* n,I» -iu-K*u ^ "i?'' * '"^^ ***•»• °orth of which are the •ideorSJScUi^ss.tttiiiSrnrater'^'ir^.*^ my rjn^thi; »I«d«d the SSJuffi Afa,2^ •le^fingwindletweenthe JMt within the ^t'iSeyQ!^S£S!Ti»OhS^^l,'':^'K*-^ * ^o"*- obwad, over which ai« oaly 8 feet fStor" SSr.S^.f^M'iS'**^* ^y?* »««Iy mW- of Oroea Islaad oa with Burnt Heitb^ Sih ~JJi «?. J^«*l« the^aorth'point ewy yoa right apoa the ittct ^h^ It. ^°' °^ *** hiurboar, for thatwOl ' «d Vio beSeeaZ SdUad thT a^ Jh^T!?? ^''^ ^^ ^^^ '^^ "^e roS two thirds over. ""«"'<»"'• north shore, oaly steenag i^earer the maia about niS^ SiS^SinJIwi 'i^JS'n*" the soathera side. From Cataliaa northhe.dofZb.y*E5flaHZiitei?"^^^^ Sl^' *^ theace to t"! you mav aachor doi to S; d,o«1a !^S Jvii."*^, ^hea inthia the harbour ward o^the little gwea i^ in mSiI.^ Jf"*"^ Und-locked , or to the south- ft«>» water. In!uS.yfrSm%li!^ fathoms, the bwboar ^».^«i. iS? V*** "T*""' **•«" »•»•" »• •nohorsM ia 6 «»ealy rSe T or? 2?tS2r^K?7* ^'"•»*««» «>• water ia this har^ur wS rod • *w of i»«isn,s3. ^^^n,s" "•'v'* *"■* Th. .bii. «Tta north hMd. BiBp mAm, '^^^^=?*^s::J=7S^2SSS^^Sf 18 k • i ! ,:) BlrA of> with MMdl wSr^ *«« w .hod to • •oniELjrdi./*' ** "i"'' ««» "wS? ELS. bore water. BW »W rooky poiot, » two points the' the biJhZJ?^> ; ttere is % 4oep *, nom the liead B«4 Head Ba/ poin^bavjiig 4 twtod on 0«j >penofS^I ; »ti«TieibI*4 «!« fiiom GuH rbMikextmids IBibetand PBOM CAPE BONAVISTA TO CAPE FREJELS. ,^ % ^*«»jr; «t its to* B»tween Ofathoiiis; to ?»wiH»«nd ? SI fathoms. ) fathoms; to » of fish are tolr shipping, the water be Nuediately t^theOreeii HT thia mark 1-" Vessel* >«BotiaTist« *ud, called *he Flower *ptmakiDff >• Idand^ •ny part of 'Jataootb* » the other V muoh in. »n«l aiouu'- M marshy, graboand* hwbouwu _ ; butttny -^ « the SUM ittemptei^ »<»Mt; yet SW^THmt^'in^^ST JST^S^c ^Sr" P"J^!:^*"' ^^•^^ on the N.W. ; bntthe e^tremTntrmw^ „f vl ^' " ^ew H"bour and Cat Cote fr^LSZ'SZtZZ^ vrfs"2Si fo^SS^ Bonavistatheco««e-is tothe W«d and theeape. oH^SS; GS^iSTSfSSdi^'iv^'^r" ^'*;*"» <>"" ward of the Young Harrr altooetber Th«^n«---iT » ^^^7 *^*' or to «ie north- ha^ng 4 fttboS close to ewHSeTaJd Wor W f^!.i^^i5°l "'"J* f" •*^^^. adTisable not togotoonear oS^WMVo?«l«ST/''^t*'*°5**' butitwfllbe lies about 9Mjt^off^w^JSkSi'J^^^^^i *"x* under water, whieh ttoortffhthisolJSS^MdflS^SSXtf^ When you have p.,«,d Is an|, distant abotit half a^Sh?Sler?r^^ Island on their port side in thiL^Z^lf^ I*Tge Tessels commonly leave Gwefi Stone Ldands. w£»X ohaSitfoK uSl^^'"*? ^^^ betwe/n G«*n^ water in it. a^d no i!«^SZilmlkJL^^t,!St'"^ **' »^^2^8fathoms 200 ymrds to the noSStwaSfof qZS id^S .*^ J (-fhomsira^M^oh lies about Stone Uaad. and run t^he eouth^Sd^ii .^f ' *' ^^'J WS^to the westward of ai. m«tl^ Ptoin?^ »r[hrSi£Slrf'JS!?itl?»^?*?' «' BonaWsta. and •» Egh rocks, hatii ni pLSw L^.^^«S" Ji^ ""H? *^« ^wenys. which in from 10 to 8 htJ^Jl^^ili^^'ST'^f^*'^- ^ H«« Jou may anchor , theaw.. and aaotbT fiSSt£ sS^-'Ti^^Ii'S^ ^^••S*^ "«»»«'' « ^ diiecUy into the road. "" ™ "" Hwerrys, or in the N.W., for westtoly winds blow •« fouL There is a pasam ako to tiSf ff^k^'J* ^1 * f**>>oms. but the ground k •nd Western Held, 'rffi « a ikAo!?,^ rtf '•*^''* ">^' "<» >>etwSnUiem littk to the eastward of W^t^ hS ? Ji^" ? * '"»•" "wk under water, a •hor^arth?2r«io^y£Si?::ii^^^ ^sl^- ?*»««> f^-rt^ To the southward is Bed S^^SSSd fa^^on^.ttTS"** •"/* ^l" »hor». large bay or oot*. itu,keiBSS'»0^rL^hl^^« " "**!?•■ ^'•*°*' »»etw«09^i« a' '^?i°^'S*?-'^»*^«ii-^/^^^^ occmaon.'^Ul. pdirthiintorSH^Ex^^^^ fcrming fly. conjiTtS wSSTof^i^ f!!^^ ** S*.?*"**' **" ~*^ »»t»«en b.JiriL'S^'i Sri?;^*^^^^^ 8.. andlS^; numerous cov... Wi skaU lMweBn»22iS^i.??!^,''^''5 u*'* ^1f ***«' "<* P'««»s of anohora-e! /•\ i I , Mile wide, and «,iti25t '^''•"^^^ ««torS?«* i? 2^*"*" 8h.g KUnA »arook under^roff1tei±'''«^»'^y<»«^ nearar to Ka<»'> wI-j u" ^tnuwe with 7 8 «nj o^.r* "^f wrthw end. tiJl half* mOe to the m>uth.wM^L"T?' ^^ i» »maUMd n/i!^- ™? ^»My "ad rook under water; tteltalVii^^^fiw^^^^ ibout Woody Island, the baFhiilifT ?? eithw eide of th.^^' "J^ *»«*w^them a •wny Wand. befaw^fS T'"®'' •od the main th2.iT-« " "* "»«i'«hannel; flutiX Sweet Bay here diVidS inS Jl?? **^ ■«• of Go«SebMrrTffc*T •■*•'• »«« tl»e^ dwKers; M the iSSm^frSl J* JH"-. wiAV ffSd d^th^L'."*^ wId^Zm water over it Within ^« " ^* •onthern part ot\thmm!ls"^^ "« "»«« new MusUrf.b«^,..K« *ij we^Mdin • ESSifr.Sr^lS^.'^'^'*^^ Mastard-bowl with tk. ^J: .™d the rock, he auXft.! Jt? /"" '"•te named tb« in. appn^aehTigia J;;?^. b^^^^ ^^i'l*" «'^?«^ ■«>▼• the narmM iTiCr ""t*" •we eeyon nlnM^i ii^' J*" "V etead 1mU|» jflb* FROM CAPE BONAVISTA TO CAPE FREELiS. . ai mSS. rtimL ^ ^'^ *•*"• •"* '"^ •" "• ««'«• •»«'Pt. •• » Goose Sly. SoJSrOffttS^n^Slil .L!ft"5 t^'S to sWae Tickle and NewniMi's ^^^i?N':^*S&r' ''"''^r tW. point be« fro» WeeteS^ NEWMlira^PND J,yiig^ '«»»i»g in W. by N.. h.vi„g a ili* i«« ttw entnuoe mto two ehunmh ; iho «»,ti.>n. „^- i- —iirj^r* W NV^Tw ^?J *** ^••*^^^?»* '"^"^''e Swale Tiok|«M/oo diould aSer l!l^T?tej™5!? ■^^Il'y' *» *• ^ H »*»•• 'ride, SSB^^jte.'^O^:^^ on the aoath^ .l.o„ .. «Su 52rtffi".±f^^ «ili?HF«.d thft wertem point of Swale U»^ *^T£^«?^»«y-^^^ There i..im.inl«^.» n e rth w ard, w hich t ub wIF h MlwUiia OoT»wiU appew dpaa; harayoa irill lie iiift '! I. FBbM CAPfe BONaWsTA TO CAPE FRBBLa ^b. the .pp««ch toward»SS0C!Iol.Sil£'^*'* *^^ ^^'^^ ' '^^ ■Barrow Harbour.— UtHe Denier Islaad liee o* «)mw£froqUhe norta.w«l Jbe eoone to«n the £i^ Bemm Hwbfwr. wUl be aW. | W., 18 milee. OooeeL «itor.«dK^ to Ut.48»6r' north. In tiS«Hi.2j^wtU- Book wd Ledge, the latter being a shtMl. lyinff & 4 W i&L which I. alwayaboTe water, fhis ehS WS?er ffS not w«eli^lt«i«dt but tha ground. Thioooraetotbi* iW. about asmilai. In iPoSkebeny Bock towaida Book appears jaatabore yve to amid the Makme It a nile fiton the rook. 4fathoaMOTerit,io le Outer Bock, lying id 6 feet ol; water oa S.^n*"* weathen no damage whatever is to b# apprebende On approao^uig tittle Denier. you mnet be oahifOl toaTcSd three.quarte« of a mife^^ E. * N. from that ielandTit h« SS 4 « It;, but aa the sea oonstwttly braaks. it'i* easUv mJ^^L^^ dMtanoee from each other, and extendioH nearly ^f m^Z^ make the northern ohanndlpwiferable for stwngsrs wSout a nil the Brandiehee. you must &^ Wedge PoStiSe nrSSftn'^ Uttto open to the •outbwawr^a,<3yBidS?y ^J^g^J ^ harbour,) until you bring Brooai HeiZ^th tlTSddLrSJf 1 IS then without obstruction t^ you near Wedse Po^Toff^^i. sunken rock, with 8 feet of water; youmay tS iTub^i^in* you are entirely shut m Aom ti^ U, «J SSo^to fcS^jL^ft'f.aiL-^ «„ ▼Msels prefer anehorinff in GartandTc*** • l«^*kJr?^ • *" *® J?*'T''^ ^'**^ is fouL 'ih*!. is a ?«5i ibhi?i^M!!SLJrL^^ mrsdin Pudnei^B Core, and abundance of iir*.wood. The find abontSSiw tt«renfamnoee. are adapted only as * neort for s»aU Vesssls. ^Sreen plaoM Ubs a sunken rook about 80 yaida from the sho^ with «hr 4 fe«?«rSL !*• *i?^l^^,^ '^ *^« •"»*«»•• to Great Ad4nt«wc!^f t£t^L^ to^|»«»thwa.dof this i«l«d,for betwewi theisl«,?Sr^S«^e^S£ teS:2'JSia^j£^,tiiss.it^^^^ Ivinjj on the west sideof iHSi BlS^SiJI^ ^^^^ ~"»* * &t «oW'"-i" 5?ou «2elX2Sin^ ShhT^n tl TsS.!n°J}^ took «t the easteni.>ide; after whioh^pM^SSTi; inMm^^iTi^J"^^ ^ <^ng«»roiis iSek lies nearly in mifohMmUi trbeuria Bailrow safe, to the tw^ or •e- •on I is mo 4f. her ■*r^ lOM CAPIL3ONAVISTA TO GAKE FBEELS. 88 , off tbe point IP Um ohuind f thuiiflluid» I Cove, fit for ' . with 30, ae, aide towaida. ring • Mtad/ owHwbour, aMd by tiivee • >art betw«en ul(<^aeeeH. mwd, but th* KMutetotbi* Smilas. In >oek towards n joat aboTe I thoMakme ontharocdk. WOTtf i||,(K» %*. lying kofl; water oa tweoB little «ndishM,«t MkHwme, MMw Those run dear of harbour.)* »«^ m OSm Oooasberry IsUnd, having beitween tiiem innumera klepaa- aageSk with dei^ water. Thgre is also a wide channel, rouning from Fairai d ialas: Bay, and Morris Idand, to the northward, which leads to Bloody Bay, and tlu n turns westward, and ii divided into various brttiobes, forming the N.W. arm, thi middle arm, and the N JL arm ; this latter being a peouUa^and extensive ehannd, ] mining in one direotion, southward, almost to Newman's »^und, and in another, almost to DannaUe Harbour ; all these are navigable, and affojid jiiae* of good anchor^ and plenty of both wood and waterr . ' There is also an eoen strait from Bloody Bay to i Gottol's Beaches, and out to the northward of Off9r| nels branob off to ths northward from Bloody and Lakeman's Idands runnhig into Pitt's Sound, thsnoe to Fnahwater Bay^ Withbi these, and Leehei^Sk &iailj» Indian, and.ttanj other leaser with good aMhck baa SK havinjfrom^ toVo fShSl. SSrSSulSLS Tn"*"' fc** «**»« 8~»»4 inediaS^y for the Stinking Islandi^.£Sr ^J^V £ ^^ S^^J*" "•J "«» *«' wild^the Gull, as this Wl SwvSidrt^^!' "P~i^P« "«d» to'^thf owt- Mii.roo% whWh »x^?!iA^Si^Sir^^iJ^* ^*i^' Keep amod lookfer th» SUnkingYdands; but a^eSS^lS'^ ^l^v"*'*?' *® **>« N.N.B. J E. fitnn the of theoT A. for ihoSi t5nl2?er l2S»?J?^'*!f • ".S'J*^?* *» ^ wdToSriS fiequenUyTVith an eStoriv wkS? v5«^n '"^''^J' tbiOk and foM^TCwhich occun "Ding the Wuii,*SS» for i^^ 'r.^^ '^'^ *»' iWg bMdldend which neitier chtt?nS.^Mi «„ dj^^S^i^^^ ooartis romarkafle. and from NW. froXu W.od'^^^^TwftMtSSs'o'f^upo^r '"*«*• "^ * "^V E. bv N. 21 . /7 fathoms on she would be be apt to b hende4. Having roun( Gove, steer direc Pb^dh and ¥16 iyforg»rSa^ia25.^tw^^^^^ thwerockah«on\it8fiioSsof*iSr£^mSif,!^ Theouteroftho V Now alter the oou£ to w1? s w^J^fSS' i* H !Jl^ ** «»«» «»>ll» foet Ite«.h, a KtUe oTSe^fcirM iSS 5wcri??5****^ Chdky Hills, in toikar'. ^»^t*. lying withlut sK cKS &T «d TJaIP^JIZ^ ?%^ ^* prevent you oettinffW nilot eW«d being the S?y^ destroved by'cSflaSX om to veer to nuoh expoeed. B.W.iW.18 TNtm toe roek, koniB, M that, d the Oherge rock hae oiUr hmg groand, majninin' • tothaeast- llookuMr thtf £. fitnn the weUootaide rhich oeeon r bewildend >lo. aad fioa^ ra of a iBilei\ GAPE FREELS TO GAPE NOBMAK/ M eontbiuo_, (8» whieh lie aa little aa not atrike, rhioh woiud obe appi». 'hour or Gat lyoabruig ootaide the mitarofthe Miljll feet inXoekar'a )p«r Uaad ke weather tone until MBiUaaoe for lodiaa. erlywinda t oontiniie Oat Gof» I only pert ving been tlTMT Ha|r nnel nar^ Mr part of ftnnad bet < rdiataDM .with the •wwyand a point of diaa 10 kbutita ■A btforiuwd, and whieh are almoet undlatingniahahle from their great aimQatitX, The g tea t e et danger you haTO to eneounter, in making thia plaae from the eou^ward, ia the Noribem Book, whieh liee N.E. If milee l^om Oopper laland (known by ite heiaht and without wood) ; it hae nerer Icee than S8 feet of water upon it i eo that, in So* i weather, veeiele whieh generally frequent thia eoeat may i>M»> over it in peiftel ■afet^ ; but, in hard galee, the aea breake over it inoredibly lugh. To aToia it. be earenil not to open Fool'e laland, at the entranoe of N.W. Arm (whieh ia aomewhat higher and more prominent than the iwat, and ia eoTered with tieee, exeept the erown), to the weetwatd of the Weatem Pond Bo«A, until you bring Butterfly laland to toueh the inner point of Flower Idand, or until Puffin and Oopper iilancH toodi eaeh other; then, leaving the Pond Boeke on tlie atarboard band, ateer in tot Fool'a Idand, whieh it ia adTuable to keep well on board, aa th^re ia a aunlnn roek lying exaetly in mid-ehannel, between it and Partridge Idi^d JRocka, with 18 feet upon it ; to dear whieh, it ia imnoaaible to give a deeeriptive muk. The ooorae then . into the Arm ie M.W. 4 W., and aa aeon aa you get uaide Odd Idand, you amy anehor inr muddy ground with from 7 to fathoma, Fool'a laland Hill beaiinff 8.E. to &£. by 8. During the- dry eummer montba, Teeeela are eompelled to aend to Leo Oove forwaterilsai.ia wood to be p roe und on thia partof the epaat within the diatanoe oflSmilea. ^ . \ Oreenapond TieUe ia a email harbour on the eout h e a a tor n eide of Oreenmon^ Idand. The ialand ia about a mile in breadth eaeh way, and a reef of rodty idela rune off the eoothem part of it, all the way to Puffin Idand. The harbour ia of rwf h^ importanee, not being eam^tla of reoeifing vaaida whoae drauobt of water ex- eeeda 14 ftet; ite dangera are tne Northern, the Cook-room, and Harbour Booka, but it ia impoaatttle to get in with a foul w\adjir »ven with a fair one, without a pilot. Shipe eometimee anchor between the laland and the main; but the^plaee ia eontraeted, and the watar ia very deep, and it ia mneh expoeed to S. W. winde, ao that it eannot be reoommended aa a nlaee of aafe^.^ To sail into it, Tou muat paaa to the weetwaid of Oopper leland, in ooinB whidi you muat cautiotidjkavoid the Midaummer Book, whieh uee one mile offW. by 8. f Q^ flmn thatidand, and hae only 6 feet water on its when you abut in SUTer^Hair laland with Shoe Oove Pdnt, you are inaide the danger^ Ton abould aleo give Newala and Ship laland a wide' bou, aa the water dioala idS them to a eonddeimble dlatanoe. OAPE FBEEIiT Ta-OAPE MOBMAN. ■ ia fiwmed of three pointa, the South Bill, the North Bill, and the Middle, or Oape Freda, about whieh there are many ahoala and rod^ daagara;. therefefe,a wide- oath abould be given them at all timea. Over thAe pointa ia 'aome high land,'eommonly named ue Oape Bidge, wMehla vidUe at a oonaiderable dietanwt •> About «t mike N.N.W. | W. from Oape Freele, ie the Outer Oat Idand, whieh ia eonneeted to the main by a «andy leef, ia^pawtable for ehippiag, and fomiing the aontbom point of Deadman'a Bay. A little bMoreyon eme to the Outer Oat, you will eee a remaikafie hill named the Windmill mil, and near it the litOe Oat Idand. In aaOing to' or from Oape Freele, the ahore diould have a good btrth, alldiongh there are aoimdinga aU tne way, deerearing gradually towarde the ahore. Deadman's Bay ia fotrnd by the Outer Gat Idand to the eoulhward« and Deadman'a Point to the northward; the aodndinga within it are regular, and there are no rpeka, exeept thoee doee to the ahore, but it ia totally unudteted, aad open to all eaateily winde. r PENGUIN ISLANDS.— Having pwaid Deadman'a Point, ioa will jwproadi tba Penguin Uaada, two in number, bearing from O^ie Freda N.M.W. i W. diataat 14 aad 15 milee. Between thorn the paaaaga ia dear, with from H to ^ fathoma water, but vaeeda ahoidd not go within ihem and the ehore, for there are aeveral reeky rNfei whieh render it partieiuaily daageroua. FUNK ISLANDS.— The Funk Idanda whieh lie NE. } E. ilrom Oape Fnele. tetant (II inilee, are a littlegwwqp of rocka, juat abovg wrtwr. Tk» latlgafttrf theaa . i a n o t half a mile tong, and wrnnot be wn w r mB T than attliedttfnwTBf "TOerlJP W OiPK FREELS TO X3APE NORMAN. . Jocks are 18, 87. nd 48 frthomTwSJrtS « cIm?™!^^ Betw«« theM took ud tb« lu^Mt itlaad thttJuiiAlnJ^r^^^T^*}'^*^^^^ *«>• •Mtara •nd b«^em u and tbe ImtrnA WaS m JTm ^rS'" Til^.'* "«* »« ^*»«««». i"*Ui 5 fathoms iu it A ledm af ^trTtl^T^ ? . ■ «»«toni part a sort of omak • the distance of 7 irSimSJlifet^PJ!^^^ tb. I«t^ part of NSe«trffl"t£^"^^f^'ja^^r^' writer "^bi^t wh ch they (VMtt^of «,amej. SVwaadroiiSi T^ *^'^^^i' ^"^^ which were coiiffiaTand found ti imount toaS i^nSl- *^ ""^i^ "^ •bw'l'^ small are of 8»°>' only (from W. by N to N w'\^-^ "^^Jj *°^^ *>» island, a tfcn. the orind^ of tJie ThoIhjLd Se Stte^^I' . % • t^ «''"''► tb#island..aiMl therefora less liable tobeMmS!nA^*^™^ ■• o«nir furthest fW>m brig 8t John. Heavy bredters wel* d2i!«!!r/^ ^^^ Captain -Enni Parey, in the Httfe «mtherly. abouFr SlXr^^^nk fflb^^^^K* ?^>^^^ flnjctear erening. and it was the opiSon of JlTw5''ll:!I*°» >• J^^ «> • appearing aboye water, would take up an? TealsL T&^^'* **^ '°**' *''*»8b not latitude 4»o 41', ongijtade 68° iTw " h^ft rt^u , ?dbaan . towacda 9fii.with wrdooa. [Off the IS DA. and oaes. about a similar distanee 8.8.E. \ E. from Goppeif Tdand. There are also SMne nuaU rodn lying off the M.W.,end of Duok Island, which, being Tisible, ean always be avoided with ease. ' The 8.8. W. rook is aboTO water, bearing from OfBnr Island 8.8. W.. distant ^\ miles, and has near it 18, 17, and SI fathoms. About N.N.E. distant % miles from th« 8.8. W. Book is a small fiat island; and a little more to the eastward is Offer Island; this ia the most easterly of all the Wadham lalands. There is yet a rook to desoribe which lies E.S.E. ^ E. from Offer Island, distant about If miles, named the S.8.E. Oroundi this is dangeroua, and must faanrvWth in passing either north or south of it. The Tom Ood nook, also dangerous. Has' thiee-quarters of a mile 8. by W< tnm Offlw Island. ■< ' FOOO. l8LAKp8 lie to the north-westward of the Wadham Islandi. Great FoM is 4 leagues long imd 9 milea broad : off itssouth>westem point lie the Indian Islanw, and N.£. by N. «| miles froiti the body of Ghreat Fogo, are the little Fogo Islands. Numeroue other roeks and small islanda are scattered about them. Fogo Harhomr Hes on the north side of the island ; it is oonsidered good for the fisheries, but its entranoe is daugenms and difficult There is a strong ourrent mn-^ ning sbuth.eastward, especially with a weatsrly wind, to guafd Against which aa much as posaiUe^you riiould nng Fogo close *on board, until yon l^n the entrance, which is narrow; naving found this, rub direct^ in, keeping right in ' yon will cany 8, 8, and 4 fathoms thi When you are through, if intondiAg to ani sonth-eaatwawl until you bring the point the Harbour Bock, which seldom appears haul up to the westward, and anchor in fioi shelt«red. ° Teesels firom the eastwird, and bound to Bock, a minken danger lying between Joe W.N.W. until Brimstane Hill, a remarkable iround mountain, appears in the centre of the harbour ; then steer for the East licUe, which may be known by the luitem on the top of Sim's Iriand, making the wcM side of the Tickle. Give a good berth to the point on' the starboferd side, and tun right np the harbour, keeping near theaouUi side, and you will carry from A to 8 ftithoma throuvh. Immediudy yon get round the poibt, steeir 8;W. to avoid the Harbour Bock, and follow the directions given above' for anchoring. The Middle Tickle appears thrwidest, but it ia fit only for boata; the middle, and l^out; thia is named the West Tickle^. in the western bight, you must steer ween the height M.W. by W. to avoid ixoept at low water, spring tidea; then to 5 (athoma, good ground and well 'ogd Harbour, should avdid the Dsfn'a '^att's Point and tiie harbour. Steer dther.of the other two muat be adopted as best suits i|ie wind. nndte The Little F^|o Islanda ai« neariy aurraunded bv rocks, bodi above and water, mddng this part of the eeaat exceedingly daagerons. To tiie eastward of Litde Foigfr M a small roek Just above water, named the Nortb-Eastem Bock, and somewhat in tiiis direotion, distant 10 or 11 mQea, ia said to Ito Gromwaira Ledge» ^hose exaet positio«i is not well determined, althoui^ it is oonsidersd to be extreme^ dangenms. liTorthwiud of Little Fogo are the Tint Boeka, and fi«m hence, in the diijiMtion of the western side of Great Fogo laland, Are the Storehouse Bocks, the Seala' Nssts, Gappy and Stone ItHands, the digger and Blaidr Books, end various other dangers, all having deep water round them, which increaaea the difiioulty of the navigation." ' - • : '''^ ■ ' ■ .' ' Ireland Bodt Hes ahont 4 milea E.N.B. of LitUe Fogo Islands. Itiathendrth- «iwteramo8t-of tte Fom Besii, and the aea alwaya bniaka on it. The reefs extend neaiiv 18 mike in a.wesmy direction firo^ Ireland Bock to Fogo Head Bock, which lias about a mile north-wemmd of Fogo Harbour. Between the reeft and iriets are svrsral deep*Vrafesrehainnela^whioili mifpt/be taken by thoee well acquainted; At the 'diabneSLof 4 nlilea 8.E. by d.\from the Little Fogo Islanda, and 5 mika eaatward of the N.E. ip«rt i^ Fogo laland, H^ the Baonfaok Books, which extaod N.W. and 8.E. ftiUhr a mile, and pirt «f them aVe almv*^ irateir. At the diatanoe of 2 miles sonth-eaatwaid (BrtbeBarifidt'Boeln.and 7| toMea N^Et f Ei finom Cape Fogo, i» situated the InqMotSr BiMdt^ on whiefa the seaMnerally b>MI<^ "^^ CHANGE ULANDB TI0KLB;-^TIi1t barbottr is very secure, and has good enehoto age, with or r ftfiiotta, maddy bcfttom. The islands about it are, generally, low tlid aianhyt but iibandanoe of flrswttod may be prooured, though water ia aearoa. The paange in ia between thjs Buth'a Bodt/andthe TpbaeiBO Idanda^tbe maik bring Brim^. 98 CAPB f RKELS TO CAPE NOBMAN.l ^ •od alto^off 8kiiin«i<^H»riK»nr ; or you miyr bring the TkkTe to the we^ward. between the pointe, and steer direotlr through in Mfetr. ».••«»»«« ldUNDOFTpULINdUBT.--TWei.lMd liee to the weetwar^ of Fogo. wd he. MTerd eoidl kh^d. about it Here ik eituated what 1. named ToSjnguetBw ? wd td the eoutb-weitward ot TouUnguet Idand. is the Harbour of Herding HeekTibkh is said to be. a spaoious fine barbour..and At for any Tesae]*. *^ • S2Il?2Slf"l2Sii^^ *** S*^ ^*' •'**°' ^'^ ~"^ i« N.N.W. 101 leaguee. ^ • V MnA iA„- Mko iSTw ! ¥*'* rugged spoint of land, situated (p about lat. ilOP Mf SirttSld Sf^r Jl!^ ■°'*wT^ *? IT^? *?*»'" •»' the «aaU round idand to the JS^S n VT*^* '^'Sift* northern-vpitoh of the eape about 6 mUes. This is named the OuU Itl«iid. and fl| j^ third of t^at name on t£i. slde«f NewibundlanS Cape St John b the point whsve, bv treat/, the F^iioh flsheriea begin; thSrbounSK oon^nuee thenoe northward and rpuntf the weetem eoast, as fkriwO^ Bar i.^*u°J?'^^ **v "if", K^T iouthward of Oape St John, lie the BIsSop Baoks. over which the eeabroak. in bad weather. TheifeareeeTeralflehlngharbouiontS^t S.*fc!?"S''w ' ft? •***•,: P"tioularly Shoe Ooto, Tilt^OoTj and Snook HarlSur the latter the best with south-easterly wutds. -^ . --» »...wur , «u?? fli? V*v***v ^ .^.'•™»"!^P W« Md inlete between the Fogo Islands and " SSf ?*■ i?**?u' ^i**!Sf P«J«ioulars aro Tery litde known, although thero Sn to affordmany plaoee of good anchorage and of easy aeeeee, whioh when Ailly SwSeiaL"*^ "* bereafter frequented, bettey understood, and prove highly _ funding Cuie St John, and at about 6 imlee to the westwaid. is the harbour of SiSfew'^l.Sl!* '''•?? thero*""'* danger whatever, but iiK^Si^^Lm the N^.W., wtach aendin a heavy eeaTfhe beet holding gronnris just within a JjJj~J5^J^j^«»»'»»P«d«d^ in ififirthom^ muddy bottSm; but the ground ul ml A Jrt ^""f,^*'l*" ^ » good end eonvenient plaoe for vessels engaged in the Tto anohonge Ue»withui the two inner points, where vessels may ride m 4 or 6 « ??• "I^'lT'™* **P the weather, and entiraly land-loeked. Little Bound Harbour, whjeh Uea nun^ a point 4o the north-eastwWd. about U mUea distant, ia merelra eove, and totally unfit for shipping. ' m-mwh » PApQUET HABBOCBlie. about ft mUelN.W. by N. from Great Bound Harbour; Its wtranoe bears ftom the channel between the Hoiie Island*, neariy B.W. by S. It may be known by its southern head; which isa high and rocky mounttOn ; the northern head is Mmewhat loww there aie three lod^ islets l^g direcUy olT its point 5Si ^%^ ^'^'k*^* * little to the southward of &e %eky isfets, ia alm^ !?^ ^^^ *i'A!f * * ^om? «pon it; the channel between it an&tit«»tbi«e rooks iHMl^' •n^»^«»V*»d the water aorose the ehtranee is ft«iiiSiioW«3y 80 Athoms. A sunilar depth oonOnoea more than a quarter ofirOTin.^JfiMe^' S"xHfJ*^"«» ™*o two ohannelai'the one running northward, the other West aM^ ooutb'West The northern arm is about one quarter of a mile long, and has 80, 18. and 1» u T T^ [*■ Mtaranoe, becoming shallower as you advanoe. Veasda running in here should ksep (he starboard ahors on board ; for about two4biids up the chaimaL on the poirt aid^^^ is a rocky shoal^ a amaU p«rt of which oeeaai eist of two laige rooks, lyingoff the N.W. point of Min^Btoht havina a passage between. Two mttes N. by W. oC the Mings Islands lies tUe SistersT Bock, on which the sea always breaks. A dangerous rock lies about threo'^uarters of a mile to the northwaid. with only 8 Ibet water on it These latter ro^ts Ue neir the oentre of ihe entranoe to Qreen or Terte Bay. \ Fleur do Lys Harbour lies to the northward of Mings and Verto Bays, and about S milee to the aonth-eastward of Partridge Point Mtd derives ite name from three n* markable hillocks just over it It Is small, safe, and seonte from all winds; and excellent anchorage; in 4 ihthoms water, may be found in ite N.£. arm. A rocky siioal liea 100 yards off the island, .to avoid whieh you must borrow tpwaids the east sboio iintil yon get Bluff Head open of the island. There is plen» of wood, but water beeomes searee in a dry season. It te, however, very conveniently situated m the fisheries, and is commonly frequented by Ftmeh vessels. ; WHITE BAT is a buwe~and extensive arm of the sea, being at ite entrance, Oape Partridge to Oat Head, fully 8 leagnes wide, and running in a south-west#fly diieotion, about 15 leaguee, to ite upper end, where it is eontracted to a river's monthi, l\ milee wide. In this bay or gulf are several islands, eovee, and inlete, aflfonttng both anehorage and^shelter. Lobster Harbour lies about 4 lesgneo southward of Partridge Poipt, and is a small round harbour, with a shallow narrow entranoe, having at low water, in some places, not above.8 or 9 feet water; but when yon are once entered, you will have 18 and 18 fiithoms sB over the harbour. Small vessels, therefote, sail in, oommonly, at the flood tides. It is high water, F. 9t 0., about 8h. 46ro. ; springs rise 8, neaps 4 feet ' '^ / ehmhtm Arm lies about 6 miles from Lobster Hsrbonr, and further pp tlis4wT* Hera a ship may anchor with peat safety, in ITjhthoms water, about 8 mlM within the heads ; but then is also good anehorsge in any part below this, and before 'Vou am advanoed so Aur up, in SO and 86 fethoms. A little above the inner point on the northern sids, is a musele bank, which stretehes ^nite aenss/ths arm, and nearly driee at low water; and when yon have passed this you will Jiave 11 and 18 fiitboms water, and the channel eontinnes deep until y^n appnaeh/ths river's hsad. This is the first great inlet on this side of the gulf, and may,>herefora, be readUy JMdlt Arm lies about 1^ miks W.S.W. from the Southern Arm ; at ite entranoe ia a rocky islaod, which is joined to the shora by a shoal, over which ue I and Sfiithoms water. This inlet nins bi to tfm southward, aboot 8 or 4 milee. To enter it, yon will ch> wen in keeping the port ehms on board; it is fitted only for smaU vessels. Two leagosaW. by 8. from Middle Arm is BstwUnffPsint; and bstwecn them lie the Pigeon Isknda,aboat which the gtoond Is good fev&hinf. *^ . . Wttm Arm lies S.S. of Hawltsg Point «a«l nuu op nearty 4 miles; bera large vsteels may aaehor in from 14 to 18 flohsms initer. Thera is a eovs on oadi aids of itaentrsnos; that to the north-eastward is na^d Bear Oov^ where sm^ vsssel^ msy moorsecowly. and rids safe from sll winds, in ab^at 18 fiittioms water ;tts other 'C^ <^p m CAPE FBEELS TO CAPE NOBMAN. 4 is nuud Wild Cow, • wnr tadiflbrant anobongw, •pen to the north-wwterir windi •nd the bottom rooky And fool. ' ^boat ft Imgoes down from Jhe river's hei^, and near the S.E. side of the bay, lies Gnobj s or Mid B»y bland, without 4^r oove or plaoe of shelter. On the sonth- easteni part of this island is a shoal rdfining off, the Jength of 2 cables, with not nor* than 9 iMt water over it; and nearly abreast of this islMid,on tin 8JL side i^ the bay, is Porbook Ooye, when shipping may End sMi»inolwnge, md lie with goodooo- venieDoafortbeflsbenes. .- . / ^ o ««»• ^Having passed te the south wanl of Oranby's Isbmd. the bay narrows and runs up . rtout leaguea towards Oold€ove ; when the river branebes outinto several streamsc aand is oommonly named the Bivw's Head. -^^ * T ,*'?'*'i'*^i:^."^'?™*?P*?**»**™"^®'^»** BaJ^a,rtU perceive Sorfi i^"f ^."* * P"^ *? length, and 1 1 miles in eireuit : n^ its westenTend is Oom's Island. These form a long passage; os aim, named SopVArm j at the northern part ef^whteh a tesid may safely anchor, just inside the north side ol Sop's Island i this wiU be the beat side of the diafeuwl or passage into the arm ; but tiiMe is anohoraoe to. d9qp inter between Sop's Island and the main, before you reach so farupasOoi^s Island. There is abo a small cove at the north end of the island, named Sop's Gove • and two other ooves opponte the main, named Hart's Goves, in aU whi«di the fisheries' ars earned on^ although ships generally anehor ia the upper part of the arm and inside of Ooi^t's Island. rr r ««.-«■ wiu ■ ^J«<*«»n's Arm lies about 8i miles to tiie northward of Sop's Isknd. to enter wbit^i you %|U pass a ragged point, low and round: the water here is deep, except to aMBall oove on the starbt^ side, whM a vesMd shouM moor head and stern! Thia pla^ aflbrds the laigest timber in White Bay. Frenohman's «» French Gove is about 2 miles to the nmthward of. Jaekaon's Arm, and oites gdtod and safe ■noborage. Four mflea to the north-jnGrtward of Frenchman's Gove is Gmiey Arm Head the most remarkable land on the western side of White Bay, and bears W. 4 N., distant H leagues from Gape Partridge. The Und here projects out 1| miles, tafaA^ a deep bight, named OnU Coney Arm. In this place there is no good shelter for sUppinff^ but In Uvim (kn»j Am. whiek lies to the westwaid olAe head, is p on the nortb side, m then is a rook near tholand on the X'^'^ii** J^KT'iT^ *" ^^ "* " •••™*' •nd then will be found in it a '^^^lSt^fi^l^\X^r' ""^ "''•^ ^ ^ '-^ on the south Litde Harbour Deep is muoh exposed to smitb-easteriy winda, and by no nwnni^a mod harbour; nff its noi«hem point an some nelfs. nhnys above Wateh which he lialf a mile i^oa th» shore, and aflbid good Miing about their eaviroijs. , ^ watwr is nbt very deep in any pal* of thU ii5er««I iSn^J^ **2L*it"*Tr •" *^ "^^ or irtber end. it JhMo)nee qSSsI^ ^ ^ ? n2l"l^?^J? ■■ '"^ '^ *i"^ ^*f' >3*»» •»• •»*•• fr*" little Harbont Disp. It is also open to the seothsriy frimiSb rad may be known, when Mttthtf JS-'^'iSLSf ""S'^v^*"' W2f*»« ^« *» i^"»d. wd bearing N.W. } N. fkom Gape Partridge; H is bat an/ndiftnnt place for sbippiiig. and sSldom tnaaJSS. . FAmhenn,Tmilwinnnorth-easteriydlUtlon,lso5n2Bay. «*V>^^- lm» harbour, and When you get about 8 mflM within itswElMmee, diridss intot«ro btancbea. In the nor^ am the *n»er is too deep for vessels to iieher, untU th^ have run op near the head ; bnt in Hm western affthMe is no anshengo; havfair ft& •••h siis,' ftwiuented by the flsUng^vNesIa; bnl theea an tMy danferaos-ibr a ship OAPE FBEE^LS TO CAPi; MOKMAN. 81 iterijwindi: ^'J' ixig= to lia in, for alUio^gii tbej moor head and stern, y%t should a galeeome on firbm th« eastward, there is little safety to be depended upon. % ,. Prooeeding about IL mites along the (xwstyou will am ve at Fourohie, a place little frequented, and having no aaohorage until you approaoh its farther end, where you will find « cove on the northern side. This core is 3 or & miles aboye tbe^ entrance, and very smaU vessels may anchor there in 18 fathoAs, mooring bead wi]|l stern. The Isnd.on both sides is extremely high and steep to the shcre. There is itlso another arm numiog in about 2 milee farther than the oove, bat it is so nanrow, and has such a depth of water, that it is almost useless to shipping. About 5 muss to the north-eastward of Fonrehfie, and about Q miles to the.sdnthi- westward of Ganad* Head, lies, the entrance to Hooping Harbour, or Sans Fond. I( has two arms or hays, the one running up northward, the other westerly. Oaptain Bollock recommencU, as safe anchorage, near the bead of the northern arm in fathoms, although open to the southwaid ; yet the westsm arm is more iheltered, ai^ tlw water is mueh deeper, having. 16 to, 34 fathoms near its liead. The entrance of this harbour lies NJi.£.f£., distiMit 37 miles firom Partridge Point About 6 milea N.£. by £. i £. of Hooping, Harbour lies Canada Head. It is elevated land, and very easily dutinguished cither from die no^ward or southward; but whisn direeay to the e»stward of it, U becomae diffioultkr recognise it from the high lend uptheoonntiy at its back. 'i CANADA BAY is an inletfof .i^nsiderable size and extent, .having at its eontbem entrance Canada Heed, Irom whence it runs N.N.*£astsrly full 4 leeguee; here ■ vessels caught in easOrly galsa mu seek shelter, and anehotf m safety. La entering, when you get above tiie two rocky islsta which lie near Bid^'s Head, and. named the Cross IsIands,you will see a low whtte point, anid another black tme a litde beyond it; off this ktter, distant 3 oaUea' length. Use a sunkmi reek ; keep, therefore, towards the middle of the bay, and yoti will find no danger, exc^t a rock above water, > which lies about a mile below the jtotnt of the nanows; this yon will endeavour to leave on your port hand, keeping midrohaonel* and you will have 10 fathoms through the nanrowest part. Soon after you have passed the narrows, the bi^ wtdobs, and is above a mile aoross, and you m«y then anchor in from 18 to 90 fathoms, good holding ground, and secure from all winds: but this b^ is not uauh fbquentod, and only occasloDiUy rssorted to in case of neesssity.: . Ei^Ue Harbottr is situated on tho uotHi side of Canada Bar. To sail into this place you must pass a low point, appearing white, and forming the northern point of entrance to OaiMida Bay; then keep near the shore until you get abreast of the next point, whicb makae the harbour ; ba!id round to the 8 Jl., taking care not to come too near the point, for it shoals a full cable's length off. Hltvlng so far advanced you can anehor in from 16 to 7 fathoms, good holding ground; hot this is well up the oove, ' which is too small to lie in, nnlesa joa moor heM and stem. In ^de'e Arm, which runs up^ H.HJS. from £nc^, almost 3 leagues, then is no good anehorsgerthe watsr ticang too deep ; but within the south end of Eni^ Island u a good harbour for sballopsk ,aUbou||h frwaa thanes to where the ships lie, tlisrt is no channel, even for boats, nnless at high water, or beyond half^^tide. Gottfre Harbour lies in the S.W. comer of the bav, about 3 miles westward of Canada Head. «nd 8 miles from the north point of the entrance. In this harbour, wUdi runs,ii» S.W.t nearly ii mile, is good snaa nnehoraffs. in 15 fstboms, wellsbelteted from wind and sea. Canada Harbour is the first on the poxt hand within Canada Head ; hers is a fi^ry establishmes^ As ii is unsafe .with N,£. winds, the ships anehor in Qoufro, and (mly nse this hMrbour with beets. Gonshflarboor hsars nsarly.£.N.E, | E.. distant 11 mihw, from the entrance of Canada Bay ; it lies very open to tke winds from the south, but has good anohorage wall up to the head, in 11 fwtbome water, good bidding ground. S. by W. fross Conch, distant « leagoss. is HiUiaid's Harbour, (named Botitot by liie French,) whidi ng,,but.Tss]r, oonT s pi i wt fiir th e fl s hingeraft ■■-■= Gape Bouge Harbour Use E.N.E, from tfie harbont of Oeneb, md bean K.Wvhf Wifrooi the soutli end of the island of, Oioais,diststtttleagoes: ito northern paiCIa named 0«pe Bouge. Shelter from the heavy swells of the Atlantis is aflbrasd by Q«oais.|MMl BeUe Isles, liis shsUow and roeiry in tbs aouthsra partef itoantnMloe, and the harbour shoal liee in the 8.W. arm. The beet andiorsge is fai the nerthem in any depth of water. Shin* any be«t in or ontt but there is no aneh«fraga in /• sa OAPE FREELS TO GAPE NORlffAK. i the «eiitre of the harbour m it is too deep. A smaU idaad, named Bonge Idaad, lie* diieetly opporite to its entranoe; its northerjl end requires a berth in passing. BELLE AND OBOAIS ISLANDS.— These islands Ue off the N.E. eoast of New- fbnndland, from nUoh th^ are separated 9 or 10 miles. Bdle Isle ie the eouthem- aost and larger island, being mitee in length, and « broad; there is a little harbour ' at it»^ south part, where Ashing eraft ooffasionally resort, but not eaknlated for ship- pbg : other eoves maj be found aUbtnit the shores of the island, where shallops seme- ttmes take shelter. (MTits western side liee Gtreen island, a small rooky islet, and to the southward a bank of soundings extends with 12, 20, 25, and 80 fothomsi There are some roeks, both .above and under water, at the south point of Belle bto; iwme of theee lie 2 mUes from tiie land. The eonth rock, abore water, liee 2 miles 8.W. from the south pdnt of the ishmd, and a sunken^k liM one-third of a mile 8.W. of tt; this is tfie southemmoet roek^i . Oroais Idand lies to the north-eastward of Belle Isle, and is about 7 milee in MiMth, and 8| milee broad ^tta northern point lying in latitude ftO° 69'. Off this end, and also 4^ the N.W. part of ther island, are soTeral roeks above water; otiiet^ wise thhi island is bold all round, and between it and the main are from 20 to 70 fiithoms^rater. The dumnel between it and Belle Isle is 6 milee wide, and in it there turn from 40 to 68 ikthoms, daric mud and tatten shells. In order to elear die rooks lying off the N.W. pdnt of the island, the N.E. point should not be brought to tiM southward of 8.E. ^ ; OBOO HABBOUB, tiie eentrsl point of the French station, is easy of aeceee, . although someiriMil difficult to disoorerT « srticularly when making the und directly from mb east; k is well iwovided with wood and water. When the north part of Belle lele is clear of the southern part of Orosis, you will be a Kttle to the southwaid oftheharbonr; and this merit wilt not fhil to point out its situation, eepecially as the headtand, forming the southern ehore^ is bare of treee, and has a round Mpearanoe. The rock* off Uiis headfamd will also help to distinguish it. The entrance is about two-thirds of a mile wide, oetween Gape Vent ( WIndi on the eonth and Oape Chroox'on the north, with a depth in mid-ehannd of 18 to 20 fiuhoms it low watsr, sand, gravel, and rock. At Uie foot of Oape V«it,jhst outside the hem boor, are two rocky iriets, Slaving a passage between them fit for boats; the ouMh ro^ is dean elose-to, so that a vessel may pass pretty near it, there being to 8 fothmns a short ^stance oBi In the diart thMe b a plan of Uie harbour wUch should be renrred to.* u When withtothe haiboor, the south abors will be obeerved to run first W. by ]H., and then tolhe W.HI>y Ik, forming the 8.W. bay, whidi is ssld<0n used on account of being exposed to N. and It.E wmda ; yet (midl veeeds, drawing 9 to 10 foet water, oecaiSenajHy ton up to the head of Uie btj, and anchor between the islet and small flshing-rtaaon of Petit-Maitre, opposite the stage, but it is nscesssiyio mewr fore and " alt A little witiiin the entrance of the hty, on ite western eide, is a rock above water, named the Ffdle or BaIeine(IFk0lt) Book, on wUeh the ssadwaysbreeks; in sailing up, it most be left to starhoaid, and ee eoon asWissd, yon muM bear over to a small bay. named BIkn Oov^ to avoid a brsaker whioh Hee hi the direction of the idet; after this, stssr Hlweea tiM islet and Petit-Mattre. Rom the entrance of the &W. bay the harboor rone N. by W., end after a du»t distance dividee into two arms, one named the Fondi nmnuig to the northward, and Oe other : bottom ori8 to 20 CtitheaM (84 mteee). and to wait until the brsMN 1 to aUow yon to come meito within. These ie aho anchorage in Eptne-Oadorst, but it to ssidom ncossssr y |e go so ihr in. The strongest wlill are those AiMB the eeoth-weet and north-wset, whidi are I « Oto»»-':- u dAFE FBEELS TO OAPE NOBMAN. IliavIjF liair • milo «id«. Off its WMtem point « small mek lias, bat it is msrp aear to tll« kind. The mnsr part of tba harbour akoals ^htdoally, but in tha aiid^ of tha* Bttbour aca iMithons. «> ! 0oose Harboiur liea on thi weslem sida of Gapa Oooaa. It is anal}, bat Terv MOura, apd poaaeeaaa axaallant anoboratfe m 4 and 5 fithoms. y««Mla aaa aaU lit with a waatwly wind; iMid linga ara flz«i^ to assist rassalii warping Ih with a aootraiy wind. Vassala Moanlly moor h«a4 and stem in Aiaharboo^. GapaQooaeiaohaof tha moat remaitaUo pointy on tya ooaat, and ia TiaiUa at a neat dktanaa. ItUaa in latitude 540. 17' 90"' N., and in oertain positions it appefura Ulra an island. There are tbiw rem«i^bla ukrantaiBs near t?spe Goosa. and fiirthar in tha intinm Canillaira Monntaim, which are of a grMt height. Oremallire Harbow Kea about S milaa nmrthward of Chqia Qoos^, and is spaeiow and good, haring akoeUent anchorage in 7 or 8 fathoms water. It is siqiplied with abondaaae of wool and water, and ja • good harbour for own^ef war to put mto. Between Notre Dahta Ishuid and tba port side of the oitranaa thwa is a sb>al in oeming Irorotha aeothwatd, which may be easily aroided by keeping near nid'-ohanneL ST. AirraONY' HABBOUB.— To the aastwaid of OramaUiraBay liea St Anthony^ Harboor,\wbioh is a safe place, having good anehonge in 6 or 7 fathoms water, on a bottom ■ofyUue day. Its eotranoe Uea N. W. by W. 1^ mika friwi Ca^ 8t< Anthony, and cannot aasOf be adsti^an, firom the ranaitabla high land on ita southnn shores and being the flnt <^nkig on d»e port side aa you entir the large bay within St ' Anthony FMafc Hiis baymna in north,8 milea, andhaa 96 to aft fathaasa in H, and ia ^irito ep*^ to MMX^ ABd ftE. wioda. ,8t. Anthony Harbour is wdl aupriiedwith wood and whtw, and ia cotnaaoaly frequaated by Franeb fiahing-veaaela. Gape St. Anthony liealin tot. *1^ 99^ N.^ and tong. ftft<^ Sis' W. WtmuA Ba^ whidi Im M ikiles to the Awtwavd, has oeoastctaany been mistaken fbv tha c^aT^ Braha B«f\liM 8 adlea nevtlMaslwaid of Frsoeh Mbt, sad ia small but safet having good abchoMJlra wltMi.it. Tha bottom ia aaiydy,) and tha ahorea are hfM and ateep-to. It generally has a few French Tcesels in it during the Ashing ssaaoa. Tim & iiP E. (troa), diatatit li milea tnm tha Needle BoAa^aad 19 fbet on it, but lientL BnUoek aays that ha noTcr fbund ksa^than la foot d«ttied by it urith a little aea; hot the common currant wiH thmyn ripida. This is the moat dan^rona rook beraabout. Between it » ta^agood passage with 99 listhoaujiMt within tha rack, and 47 ihannel. ^ ' -'.n,. -^At tha AMithetn point af dm saitranee of St. Lnnase Ua two idatidc^ between wliiBh there ia but a aanow boat passaia. Tha only ohannri for shipa is to tha noMiwwd of them, and ia ahnoat luitf a mUa wide, with both shoiaa , bMnattnanbraokaaaqp^thamaalres. v To ttw aovthwari of Bigh Island them' ia • sandy tave, having some »ty« Mets within it ; tat thik dipth is Aailow, and there is a imM, of 8 llii&mns, Mag before ito entttMoe. ^Ito tha westward ia an openhig. named N.W. Bay. having tiwland on both Makitthaf hlgh.'and tha pasaaga into it dear of danger; but ito ftirthcr and baeomt widMr v«7 ahaUow. Th«e ia Also another nanrow aatrenfa to the ff.W. Bay, toUtiA *Ji%h Matid, which forma ito sootham beondtty ; buttUs iaMaky,aad fltohlyfor beato. Bkniaan thia high ialand and tha twa ialanda at tha antranaa of Lunaira^Bayi ia a wlda\anaaa, with very good aneboiai^ in 16, 18, or 90 fiithoau -JMMEf-WBaia taansM -jiia ijt lie ato n yi Bwrnp aimth« mastttfvaidnraok of om 10 «M wiiter7«hieli Uea to tha waatwwd of PiiM Ishind, about a quarter of • ndl^wnd exactly the aame Aatance *om the aaatain paUt of tha b]g«i Island forming tba sikitham bouodalT to N.W. Bay. Thasa is aiaa an opahing to the soullward, named S^W^ BnT,whialk'haa aoiyat baan.survayad,bat ita^ntiamce ^f^.^^ ohM of daagbr« and haa a depth of ». 8, aiad V fathoflM; tba ahoM oa tech side are rscky. V i Bii£a Shoal fere reported to Bveaket««r9 create aeons and the shore Ihthoros near nu< 8T.L0N \^« ve wi tii be in th« M cai thi mi ^bi ah( ] wh enf a a thi sh( thi of ■g( Cai flal ] acfl nm Ha atb , 1 froj the Bifi ^4 bat 1 itfi dan and ' I nor abo wat C inl grei . WH is CAPE FBEELS TO OAPE NOBMAlf. 8» to. oftlw I), Irat Tsrv owiwil lb laeootniy WW one of no. ItUflo nd. Thora riorwrothe IB spMioni pplied with o put mto. • sbMl in lidMiluuiaflL (tAnthonj^ wotop, ona t< Antbony, homaliotOft ' witbin St. sin it, and pj^iedwith . OopeSt^ idi Jam If IbtttMfiH cttlpldnnd lion. TIm ondMfeet Ma la foot. iriHahrafi BotvMnit Mil, and 47 ikolia two ib ^iiytfj for wth thorw- ,, Mbotmon^ n, wUm to- jr.aDditis thobayis ^Wol»< lag bofore bo land on artbor and >thoN.W. moky.ttid ntranaa of Mfiithoau » lilll mil ■MUand' •Utoftbo Mopoiiing laantiwMo »AoNooa \;« r Liont BuUoek oaya of St. Lunaire Bay :-V"Tbu oiUMUont barboor will oodtain lOQ ▼easels in perOot safety ; is remarkably easi of aecess, and may always be reoogniMd by the appearance of the White Oape.- Tti^ best and moat oonvenient aneborage will be found at Amelia Gove, in from (i to 7 fathoms. The< qiproach and entranoe ike bold and steep-to, only obaerving to give th4 points of the southern islands a good^ berth. Botb^ood andwfaterare to be obtained without diffioulty;.Md.it afibida, in oreiy respeot, a good ahd seeure anoboraga." \ « OBIGUET BAY i» forced by Stormy Gape to lh« northward, and White Gap»ta the southward, having several good eoves or barboara for shipping ei^sged hgfha fisheries. In this bay lies Gsum's Island, rising up iti the middle like the hum^W % camel, and soaroely to be distinguished firom th^ mainNUnd in sailing along. Behind thiaisfauMliaaituatiBd theS.W. Harbour, a nsrrow obaa|iel« running int amAj 2 miles» with ftmn 4 to l^fotboms water in it; thne is a ^oal at its entraaon. The North>Harbour rons in within Stormy Cjpipe; and^has, at its entrance, a tptik ^bove water, which is bold-fo all round, and veaseb may sail on either side of it, an4 ahchot in A fathoms watw. \ ' Jn the passage which leads to the N.W. and 8.W. Haibpun there is an isUnd« - which contracts the channel, rendering the passages narroWj the best and safost enbmnee is to the northwardof this island, giving the outer potatof the N.W. Htirbour a small berth, and so soon as you get withm the island y^ ^ooverable even in fine weather, and the passage between them and the main is vw* aAfo, haviiw a depth of 40 fathoms in it QUIBPON ISLAND.^this lies off the northeasten^ part d Newfoundland, an4 fimns the &6. point of entr«ioe to the Strait of Bell* Isle : it is laige, high, andx barren, and Qupe Degrat is vWbte. in olear weather, full 13 leagues to seawai£ Thers is a naitow ehanael whioh runs in to the foothward of Quirpin,' and divytes it from the main, ht which Kes Littte Quirpon Harbour. To enter it there U no danger but what yon will easily peroetve. Vessels eommoafy moor head Hid stsm, and lie there peifoetly seeure. ■ i < Degrat and figson Gbves lie on the eastern side of Quirpon Island, and to tha northward of Gape Degrat : at their entrance are several small rocky islets and roeks above water. affi>rding behind them very fair security for shipping, in 4 firihmits wat*r, And good oonvetaienesa for fishing. < Oape fi*dd. the northern extremily of Quirpea Island. Ilea in lat. 51*>^88' N. and m long. 66° as* W. It is rodnr and sls^-to, and may be approashed very near with gnatsafoty. Having roundsd this onebyon will pereeive a radqr point to the sooth- wa«d leading to the harbour of Quirpon, ' Mwafe ^rp o n Ilarbour-^ieB-uR the N.W^ sUa ef t he Uiwrfi and i t s aBlwm rfc^ be^iNen it and Omves Idand. In fwtt appraaoh towaiUs it firom the northward you ^horrowaadesa «s yon ploasa to BanM Hesd, there baing no invisible daagar *w»^ 7^ ^T* at the entrance to the harbour, when there are some shoals ,wU«h *^,hf MB OB yonrport side : to do this, keep Bhidt Head, on Qohrpoa Idand, omb of ^ tbs nther land, nntU Baven Point oomee ovar Noddy Point, than hMd in forlM |wbonr, going not nsarar than the distance of half n otSU's tangth km tha fstet of. 8(1 GAPB FBEELS TO CAPE NOBMAN. '■■>;y ' ' OniTM Island. The ui«hong« withiji the idud is ereiywhere good, w^tfa Mom and depth dnongh for any ships, sad the ^nnd Wds well. The heat place to ride in vill^ towards the upper end of Graves Idatid; clyreast of Ch«en Island, \n Tifathoms wa distant ■ J, 8 miles; and'.N.N.E. neaifyji miles Aom €ape Raxen; it is always abdve water. M«ria's Ledge lies nearly 8.W. firom the Oull Roek, ^ In standing m fh>m the northward, for ^er Quirpon <» Noddy Hvrbotm, ycm fwed not fear any danger ttom the Oull or Maria Rooks, for both are above wa^; the passage between them is half a league wide, and veiy safei i|K will, however, be prudent to pass near the Onll Roekw because of the N.W. Ledge, whid^nevec appears but in bad weather; this N.W. lisdgB bean Wttota little south, distant If miles from the Oull Rock, and you jAould not attempt the passage between it and the main, on aoOount of other rocks that are said to lie aoontjiMd places of shallow " water. "*' - , • - '^ ^ SACRED ISLANDS— Grrat Sacred Island lies about N.W. i^ W. i W. from ' Bauld Gape, distant 5^ miles, and S.E. Iqr E* i E^rom Gape Norman, nearly 13 miles. Little Sacred Island is one mile to the soutfa^MlWrd of thb Chwat Island; the passage between^them is safe, and you may sail round both, for they are high and bold ; withbi them, on the main, and to the W^. .Westward, is Sacred Bur, tobrablv large, with numejous roeky islets within it : the shores of this .place abound witn wood, and, therefore, it is much resorted to for the use of fisheries at Quirpon and .. Origuet, d». ' . ' " : , Gape Onion forms the north point of Sacred Bay, being high -and steep ; .near it is 4 remaritsAle rocl^nadned (he M ewstone, and much' resemnung tiiat in Plymouth Sound. There is a little cove to the southward of this rock, when » vessel nm ' occasionally resort to with safety. From Cape Onion to Burnt Cape the eourse is W. I N. about 4| miles, Burnt Gape has a white appearance, and rises from the seaward to a eonriderable height. \ $ ^A-HA BAT.-'On the eastern side of Bntnt .Gape is Ha^Ha Bay, which runs hs southerly about 2 miles. It lies open to northerly winds, but^wlien von are within the M^N) jpn will find .anchorage in 6 or 7 firthoms, or you cftn go^forther up and ride well Sheltered iik H or 3| fathom % This is a convenient plaee for the fisheries and has . ]»lei^ of wood. PI8TPLET BAY.— This bn;^Iies between Burnt Gape and the Norman Led^s. which bear flrom eaeh other N.W. by Ni. and S.£< 1^ 8. Astant 4'milM. It is exten- sive, and reaches seVeral- miles eaeh way, baring good anchoring ground ia moat parts, particUariy on the western dde, a litfle above the islands, in about 6 iiithoms water; the shora is , tolerably well ftamished with wood, ami contributes tosiq^y th o se BlawB w hleh ai'ii dhititutB af that aHielt^ ,— ^-^^ i Cook's Harbour, in the N.W. part of Pistolet Bay, ajR within the idands, is about 2 miles above Norman LMge Point. These ledges are about 1 ibile to the eastward of tlm north point To dear theee dangers as you enteriT'Eeluie to keep Burnt Gne ^U open of the outer rooks, tiiat tie oiF tiM islands at the western entrance t»PisteMt Harbour, and if goin« in, s6 soon as you consider yourself to be to the southward of ihelM ledges, steer ia for tho bariionr^ leaving the islands and roeks on yournort side; ***, , . !^ TO CAKE CHAPEAU BOUGE, dr Imp the soutlwra Bhore on board, for f«ar of a ledga of rooks that jats'lklt ftom a little rooky idand oa the other side ; and so 6o*n as you get within the island, haul over for the northern^ shore, and anchor in 4 or d fathoms wate^ This harbour might be mads'Teiy oonreniedt. with several fishing rooms; and proper stages, to which the beato might resort and core their fish, might.Jbe efrected:; in ajl (he coves between it ^ and Gape Norman. . ' j « BELLE ISLE lies at the entrance of the strait of the same name, and should be named the Northern BM» Isle, to distingtiish it from those we have already described, ^g to the southward. It is about 9^ mUes long uad 4| broad, being dutant from Bauld Head in Quirpon Idand about 14 miles, aijfl from the ooast of Labrador 12 miles ; it is moderately high, andVears an uniformr sterile appearance. On its noMh- westem ooast' there is a sfnall harbour named Lark Gove or Harbour, lying i^thin an island almost dose to the'Iand, and fit only for small craft; and at the eastern side of the island is another cove named Batteaux Greek, frequented oooasicbally by shallops About two miles to the north-eastward of this island lies a ledge of iK>cks, part <^ which appear above water, and over these the sea breaks very high; this is named the N.E.'Ledge, and you will have 1ft and 20 fathoms olose to it, and 65 between It and the north part of the, island. The soundings abou^, Belle I A are very- irrM^lar; nAr d^e island yon will seldom find less than 20 fathoms, except on a fmi^ bank, said.to lie to the northward, distant i miles from its northern put, whekeon are only 6 fathoms. The norUieni part of this island is said to lie in about the latitude of fta« 1' N. long. MP Iff W. the S.W:^end of the ishwd bears 8.E. | S; IAbSS from York Point, and N.E. | N., 14 miles from'Cape Bauld, in Quirpon Islwid. OA»B »opi«AW is the northemmoat point of Newfoundland, and is of a moderate even height, and very barren appearanoe, which continues far inland. It is about a league to the north-westward of the ledges from Gape Norman that the shores o^ liewfoundland turn souUi-westerl^, and will be hereafter described. ^ SOUTH COAST OE NEWEOUNiDj^AND. FBOM CAPE EAOE TO GAPE CHAPEAtr ROtGE. . ^^ii the south-east extramity of Newfoundland, is, as befora mentioned. a table land of moderate height.' A black rock lies near to it, and several smaller ones aroun4it. E.S.E. from the cape, and to the soudiward of Gape Ballard, lies a fishing^buik, named New Bank, abput miles long and neariy 2 mues broad ; of land is Gape Powles^ whieh fonn the east point of the entrance into Trspassev Harbour; *^ " le entrance into Trepassey Harbour; TBEPABSBt MA|tBOUE.-. T S i -*!. — ti~~nr' —-*«'>"'«.—*■«* etttranoe io tUa karbonr u abont tbnMKqaiSir Of a mQe wide, and rttns nea^y of the same breadth for 2i miles, when it nanows to* one qnkrtoe of « mile, but again increases to^ras-quarters of a mile wbaro the ridpo nde.. Ships intoiiding to enter this harboor gansralWr steer iSram MistiAan Fofitt !i!!I!!Iv %SS?'"2ES"y'*»^7 **•" *•»• harbour; tbsy may then safely mnatoav *'' ibleBoad ' V tMrunt B.K.)S. fbout 7 inil«g||(|Mtfle Hubour iri «a owening aboat 8 mllM ap this Wreti on ito Mmtbeni shorei opponte to which, in a small oot«» is the best anohorage m^V^ river, although it is geneirally good throughout: here you may ride in safe^ ul iMpt^ Artiioms water. As you adranoe np the river it becomes narrow, And towards W iSurthef end becomes venr shallow. ^QLLINET BAY.'^The m 18 to 4 fathoms fi it; but as it is exposed (0 the 8.W., it is not much rworted to. The entrance to. North Harbour lies W,S.W. 4 miles from Collinet Bay, and is about three-quarters of a mile #ide, snd runs up to the northward S miles. In it i» very good anchon^, in abo&t 5- or fathoiBi^ water, about 2 miles vrithin the entrance, where it is not above half ril mile wide ; or fan may run further up, where two sandy points Btretob out,' being half a eikibb's leng^ asunder : ke^^e starboard point on Doaid, and anchor close within the starbeara side. In entiering Neqth Harbour,, idways teep mid-chanlidifor the eastetti side is|emewha(t ihallow. Between NorA^ Hubour tfiid Point LattcC'Ifii'coast trends W.S.W. 1 8., betireeii which irt one or, t#e coves, but n6 place fit for shlbping^ Point Lance is sitdatAd in - lat. 40" 46^ and is a loir ruggkd polhti though the id^or country is oeaaideral)^ ^lo- vated. Fhttn Point Lance to Ctpe St Mary the beaarittg and distance ire Nwn of si ha*,— lMiibi6e it* lUWie; iind in cl«*r weathM^ D^siy be risen 11 or IS leagu*s (b seftirard.*^ ■ The direction from Gape St Mary to Point Breme is N. by E. about milei. «ad mm PMiit BreMe tto tM Vlr|^ Bo(ik«^ it i* RE. bVK di*tiUo* IS miMs. These t&M t^§9tt aho^ witer, aind< Ifis ib«>Ut l^ taU** front ttie ttidn. A ntfl* to tiie southward of them there are some whitish ottA in the land, by which that part^ Hbb A ■■) ii*» B.«.^. fr«Mi^ V^^lEoiiBr^RafaM ibotat Mf iiiil*. Frcira thi» Virgtti Rbtik* to Point Ver^tU» eolMe i« N.E. by E. f E., di«tatiee« milfs. Point Verde is the south p6ipt of the entrance into the Road of PltMMlab ^ first Mia* ttf Abifiterlbl'sh^ptiwon tfieitttiMii«*h6reof ffinMtia BaV. VJJUSEWlil HABBdUB.^RAnt Veide ii i l**(f Mv«t gnmtamt, wiOiVfMih baiSh eia th« cii^ilii»'«eiri»r half «iMWlo«t.'i^^ ^itlia ilfAiMW] ; - -■- - ^ - . » ■ . i-vi ' ■ - 40 FROM CAPE ^0?) TO OAPB OiIAPEAjU ROUaE.* it At the end of this beuh is • high rooky diS,\ that •xtonda to th* fl v ^»«.«. «/ -7 I J- .*. .^^ 0^ on t»»e outer p«rt It hews from Point Yerdii NF hT TJ nwhr.dMtMit l\ mlMi from thia-pSnt the lanTfomT.S Uv idih i^^ be«,h round it. to the corner of th^T under sL^HiU Sli^^J which 18 formed In • apiaU vdley betw^Ssn Signal Hill on A^wSL^Titf^Sill «n s:sjt«to-f i-a^s^, -"r?u£:oJ^fcSt£te|£l^^ i- into the^depthof.4 fti^omrrthe Mindto^-thrtiiih^^ otmm tt tbe bottom of the roMl, which terminate* in a point to the northward oS Jofafc £tHfJ'-^r?K'T* !::; «i<» fort««»; the™ ieSrafort or^JJK E^w «!?^?5?~ "^^ "" harhour is between thee^, and Is yeiy narrow. betMnS more than 60 fathomMcross. and the tide i^H runs moro than fourknote^ ho^ S«S^ti^i!£Sr y?"^'^* ?* '•i»'°°»» »•»«' » -ftor you aro Xthin So iS^^e. it"* Ihe ude rises 6 or 7 feet; and it is high perfect safety, in 8 or T fathoms water, water, F. ft 0., at Oh. 16m. a.m. J^:^'mX£ZS:n:^'" the virgin nocks and Gibraltar Rock, on th^ The Moll Rock bears from Point Vwrde N.E. * E.. distant 3 miles, and N W W Prom Pomt Verde to Point Latina the bearing and distance aro NJI bv N ii S^lbo^* hSf i"»?ir/ ' ^ S.W.i«m PoinfLatinrKTwotf EX^hiS Klw !^^ S. **""* ftom the main, and between Placentia Harbour imd Point Latina, and. therafore. must have a good berth in passing. The shOTTi^ the «r^. i^S^vT't^^iJ^^f.'*^t^'^^ loin?SociL.Ctai£to%2 eartwaid of Point I*tin*. «nd has a shoal off it, extending a quarterTa nS! UTILE PLACENTIA HARBOUR—This harbour runs in to the aoutk*^ fi«« ^Zf 'S^^t "&* Tl ^ ~'»^«*o'*d to be tl^e eastern entoiee to pffiSSi «SS. w fcJ'a'*^' ?^, J"*^ PI«K.ntia lies on the western side^ftUs^annd ^ ^' ^ h ■*^* \* ™^ •»«• *■ nowly half a mile broa^ ^ -nSTaAf^t*"*""* "chorago in this harbour, ib a cove on the north shoro • this cgN» may be known b^*he west point being woody, and the landto tbeeitwMS Sir^!2; ^.^^ ^ pointorthe i^lies a Soalfor i^ o?e!SZ?S. distjmoe orer to the southaide ofihe ^bour; in this cove aif 7 andSfiSgml Pkoentia Sound is anr am trhioh runs in oearlv a leaniA to th« •»»tmm^ . uw^ dj2MrM.r.bBtisIittlei«^ted. Pox's SSfisa^SSl^yrtnf^fer From Point Latina to ffliip Barbour, the oouise is E., distance H miles • this h«r. boor runs up northwly a| miles, and is about half a mite fiSl thThlrt^ehS^ Mitraaee. i-^"""" w«wr, w,»w>Bjainue,irom«ie «id*NW^ w"a? "*~r*' "I"" ^-^A?^- «"»«»?«• from Point I-rtin* •wHtt xf Muw to tb* wwtww4 of Ship Harbour. Between Fox Island and Ship . dorner of !.N.£. oa« fMing tbe lill, with a rtb aide is i.E. by N. ith attniT efirat hiU vatar Bay, UeHiUon^ Hey, when the shore, , about 2i the north lutatsea. y.haul in igth; and tith shotei It anohor^ > ia a long hwatd,on )oppre: this sastward tloltha fiUhoms t; ithaa only for thishar- anehor- romtbe Istiaat, r point, kd JSiiip 1^' PROM CAPE RACE TO CAPKCHAPEAU ROUGE.. 41 Barbour Point is a range of rooks, which in bad weather break almost Iwross ' between t«e rooks are ai, 6. 7, and 10 fathoms water. N.N.W., %* miles, from Foi Island, urakteeproek above water, named Fishing Book; and N.N.E., 1* mUes from ^ubutg 9o€i^,li)M a auoken.roak. named BowUnd's Book^ whioh almost always rt.5v f ?^i?*i^l^^^T^T*** »" •«!«*« of high islanih,lyii« about 8; miles to the N.E. t B. of Fox lalisnd. Long Harbour Uea on the eastern side of thesri islands, and there is nQ| the least danger in saUing into it. The best anchorage is on the northern side, to the eastward of Harbour Island, between it andthe main, where vou will he secure froi^i all winds in 6 or 7 fathoms water. The show from |*ng Harbour runs N.*(.E., N. by E.. and North, a distanoe of fuBy p mUes, m which, sp^ce there u not the least shelter for vessels, dor soaroelv for boats, untU you ra^ Little Harbour, Little South Harbour, add Or3at Sctath Har- bour. There are said «» be several low islands and rocks within this [space: one of wtoioh. named the White Rock, fix>m bdng covered with the dung of bMs, lies N.E. by N. from Po nt Latina, distant lit miles, and diieody midway between Fox Island and Little Harbour. It is situated abreast of a smaU place, named niny Cove, and f lUly 2 mUes off the land : Teasels pass on either side. ^^ Little Harbouris small, with 7 fothoms water ; the ground ia^bad, and lies entirelv exposed to the S. W. wind, whieh heaves in a very great sea. LITTLE BOOTH HAJftBOUB lies one mile to the north-westward of Little Har- tour, and has before Ma tatranoe several rocky islands. In sailing into the harbour, you must leave these islands on your starboard hand, except one, on eUher side of which 18 a tafe passage of Ift fathoms water. On the southern shore, within the ialands, is a sunken rock, about one cable's length f^m the shore, which generally twe^ : nearly opposite are also some rooks, about a cable's length from the shor^ *hat%how at half-ebb. This harbour is about 1^ mUes long, and half a mile wide. **ith 7 fathoms water, good bottom. GREAT SOUTH HARBOUR Ues about a mUe to the northward of litae South arbour. There is no danger in failing into it ; -ana near the head is very good an- lorage in 6 and^fothoms water. To the westward of Qieat South Harliow ia Isle I Bordeaux, a higlk> round island near the main. ^S'Cr^;.^.^'^?^^^ HARBOUR-TBe entrance into Qome-bv-Ohance H&rbour - |I.N.£. 4 miles from Isle au Bordeaux, and runs up N.E. by E. 8 milea. In it from SO to 8 fathoms water, sandy bottom; but it is entirely exposed to the S.W. wind, which heaveo m a very great swelL ^ <- . IIORTH HARBOUR.— The entranee of this harbour Uea about 8 miles N.N.W. from the entrance of Gome-by-Chance. About two miles from the entrance there ia PIPER'S aOLE.-The entice to PiperVflole lies N.w! by N. a|jnilea from the enteanoe to: Nor«i Harbour. The channd in lies between Sound Island and the main, and m It you will have 19, M, and 12 fothoms, and when to the northward rfthe toland 8, 7, and 6 fothoms. Fr*m hence Plow's Hole runs ap to the northward fliU 6 miles; but the water isahaUow and unfit for shipping. Sound. Woody, and Banmi Islands lie in a south-westerly diiection from Piper's Hole, and between them and the north-weetem shore there v % channel half a mile mde, in which are from 7 to 20 Mhoms, and good anchorage aU the way. Ther^ is a passage with from 7 to 16 ftthoma between mody and Sound IsUnd. but there is a much wider and deeper passage between Woody and Barren IsUnd. in which thai* are 40 and 50 fotboms. Ihare is » «maU cove, named LaJPlant, joppoeito flie northwn part of Barrat bland, but It IS fit only for boate. Barren laland is about 8^ miles in length, and one in iweada ; U is high land, and there is a amaU cove at ito south-eastern part, in whieh tolerable raohorage may be got in from Stole fathoms. Oulsh is an uninuMwtant 7^\^^^'7i\^f ^- ^'^J^. Wttthsm part of Barren Island; and fortheTS-W. ate Qreat and Little Sandy Harbours: l AT SAWDY HA BROnB , it th e distaae s of i mUbu W. j ft ftom ttw ■0 616^ ndof I «nd of BlmnUand lies GiMt Sandy Harbour, to which there is a passage between Ship IdMMl and the main, with 7. 9, and, 17 fathoms water. The entranee into the Harbour mvery narrow, apd is auoh encumbered with rooks, whioh are aU above r!f?'^*W?!; «»»«»«»^ '»»»»•«».«»•"»; but when you get within the harboor there we 8 iiid> fittbona, and good ahditec . ■ if ..•■,■. 48 PROM CAPE RACE TO CAPE OHAPEAU ROUGE. ^'JS^*^*^?^:.^^^*'"* i. on«^u»rter-of^. mil. to the »athw«^ of tlM ^^t-Harboar. In it you bare S nd T liMkioaia ytntm, good bottoin i but in Mdlin* UTTou thould pM. to tho northward of a lor n>ok. wWohltoa at the entrance ^ Thta IMmot omv be known by the island nkmed Bell Island, whieh Hes 8.E. 4 E. Jli mUee froni themouth of it, and N.E. by N. 18 miles from the west point oT S!!!?^r?/!'''^Jj;«^I*?vf?"*i friH* •^ *^ *""* '• • remarkable roe% , W the *^ ^!^ fif^ •" »««mble a bell with tho bottom upwanle-henoe the name H!«?.^^ llSi**^.'^*^"!^'*" ®-^''*»y W. about 5 mOee (h>m tho Bn»oe a^^u ^ '^ ■" .'^°"« '^^ *• SMdir, Harboum is steep4o. and the pae^ \i!.Sl^^"'.*^ ^2* thrwi^piartere of a mile wide, with 40 an'dSO lUhoms wiZ; ^Ifc^-^f. mJV*'' *t r'' »•«»•• TJ»« >>«»» •iM.horage is in the westom branch 2j;!r 1!^ iHl**"*' butnot aouartor of .mU* broad, in itarefW>m 10 to 17 fathomt^ i^r.£ood bottom. Botwsen dreat and Little Vahm Islands and the main, th^is •Jioa good ebannel from the aouthwaipd, with aO, 80. and SO fathoms in it aiilet i^ the northern end of Oiwt Valen Island. Betweii OrLt andliittkYdeJ V w iSv^w ISLAND^his idaad is high and Tory narrow and run* to the 2S' KJP'K^rte "f* ft"? * ^T**- ^* *•" •onth-westom part is a smiUl but V^f^^\!^' *» fWeh are from to 10 ftthoms water. To ami into it, keen » ^ZZ^ ''*2* •? ''^^ *** ■<^" *® •M'^ • wAm rook lying one eabli^s leMrth o^.» ragged roeky po^nron the port hand goMg itf. A small duster of rocks Hoe oT SlLII!nr!SJ?SJ^ i MeirNioen, three^utrters of a mile from shore : these lie H*T u ""i .?r ^'^ ^ '•*«• *"«** *f •*<*• ^^ '*>"»*i n«med the Bagged Islands, lie off ito northern shoreo. -«.«» .«» -nggru 5?*7«*l:^^*"SlS^^'''^^* " «^ from Waoeatla Bead. andE, by ^ Jf i.i3^ *^. ¥"«" ?•«»• 0»»,««e east side, near the northern end. is i S"*" rtSl5^^ ."*?*• "••**»• «**n body of long Island; and midway between x^^^F^'^'^.i^^f^^'^-?^''^'^^^^ "^ t''* •»«fll recks alStewatS ' *Y 1 rlJ?*''^'*'^ **^ ^'T* **'*; '*^' *** passiage between Bed and Woody Island* i^t^^fJf^^J'^V^ "^ ''•" ^''""*' bttireen wSody and LOMO I8L|ND^Frem Point Latina to the eonlli point of Lenir Idaiid tM SSTmJilwiiSL*^ iS ^^ *• "r^yJ •"^^ tut i^biJldKS! -M?t5?^^*^"" "'l?' -.'*• "mthem prfnt of the idand is fcrmed of remarfc. "*S'J^ ^l^^' M? *^J* "• ^«« l8lM««*nd a smaU reek abore wate^ p^ef the Ulan4. i» Indian fi*rbo«r, formed by a small island, on either rfde of imi!t!^IT^- '^•'>ly«»«"*i«»tawth<. westward of the isIana/bS MrMB It and MerMieeB, and here the gtoa^ is ano^rtain. ^ -*Sfi^'°?^'^ !^ ejst side' of Lottg Itlaod. about H miles from the sootK £ £« i»»«l^ ,^^ " thisharbonir. one running to Oie Westwird. th« other ' !^ ^SrSJLif Jl!fi!?*iS?v"i" S* n?"l' arm, in^booi 15 fUhoflil ftoma«9tttMaee. To MillBto it yon mtiit pa«i to the noiihwaid «f tW ialtods * . ^AbooTA mlbe frMi the south point of Lony Island, on the iresteh^ ride; Hee •MrboMd hand, aod^bimall islatid en yout port haiid. Hie har& i^ mUes ^_i it»'l W hmid. nwd fa if we iff t o ga fafltoma w atui, ifefc y bema.\ tewS ward, or betweeiil«ng Md MeraiheMtitfiiide IWM the ndrthwnM ; bnt iOrX iMIir ££!»!!!. ![LSSf '?*"t*?L^ P?^ liiSf***' '^^^ ^'^ "««^x toi*«hin«i« MCwean urn nortBera ends «rf beth islands Tbmia^ain m>m«t6mtlMm*il«m ■■^- i FBOM OAPE RACE TO CAPE OHAPEAtJ BOUOB. is ^ the iM>rth-6Mtw«fd of Long Islud, eaUad the 9mA «Dd Butter lelaodi, Uit tboM in klwaya vitible, and ■teep'to. At th«4iMaaoe of 4. milM, W.N.W. | N., from the aoa'th-weetem point of Menaheen laUuid, Um the UttU harbour of Presque, in which the water ia auffloieutly deep, but there are ao maar rocka about ita entrance, that ameaa to it ia i«ndered Terj dittloulf. The Bladt Boek liaa S milea 8.W. i W. from Praaque. and a quarter of A m^ within thia rook there ia a aunken rook. The laland of Martioot liea » milea waat from the Black Rook,, and ia abouLa mile-in lenoth, |uid half t mile broad. The harboun of La Perohe and LitUe i^nTlOreat PanwUae'lie within the Blaek Book and Martioot laland. y LA PEBOHE rnna 4n to the northward of the Blaok Book. There is no safb anchorage in it, the nonnd being bad, and the harbour ite^ lying entiraly exposed to the south-east winda. To the Northward of the east pointV MarttoOt laland and only safe anchorage .moor to this ud^hemaiu.. id, is the is about a to .the westward of La Perohe lies Little Paradise, in whic " is in a core, at the head of the harbour, on .the port side, shore, and lie land-looked. The harbour of Oreat Pi lies to the westward jof Little Paradise. Between^ «. Island : there is a aafe passage for resaels between th^ .. fathoms water, but there is no paaaage between Fox Islam PARADISE SOUND^About a mUe to the westw entranee to Phradisa Sound, whioh runs up N JB. by ^; « «»»>■«•, wia is aoom a mile broad. There is very deep water in it, but untd y«tt %t neat itshead, there is ao-safo anohorage. Just within the entranoe on the eiw«liide is a ooTe,in which there are 10 fathoms, end seToral roeks above water, but it is not safe to anchor, the bottom being rookr. There is a sunken rook, whioh must be avoided, in passing to the north-westward of Fox Island. Long Island lies to the south-westward of Para- dise Sound, and runs W.S. W. i S. about 8| miles : it is, for the most pwt, high laad. making in several peaks. *^ — «» "■• Petit Fort Harbour lies at the distance of a mile to the westward of Paradise Sound. It is a very good harbour, luving in it from 14 to 7 fathosur water, good bottom. The entranee is rather more than a quarter of a nule wide, and 1108" N.E. fr milea from the south point'itf L^ig lahmd, and N. by E. S| miles from tb« north want of Long Island. There kiaot the least danger in sail^ into thia hirbour: ttie best anchorage is on tfap Harboaad iide. The GLE. wjnds heave ia ■ great vMl on the wnet shore when they blow hard. ^About l| ariba to the wsatwaid of Petit Fort Harbour lies Nonsuoh Harbour, about Athe mouth of whi^ there are several ialands, but no safo aaohorage till you get within / all of them. ■I Cape Bepr Harbour lies at the distance of 1^ miles to the wes^aid of Nonsuoh Harbour* md oloas to tiie westward of Cape Boger, a high round barren head, lyin* N.i£.«| milea from the aottth point of Long Island. There an aeveial low radn •ad idaads lying off the eastpnnt of the entraaoa. In the harbour, at a quarter of a nule withiuj^the. entrance on the west side, there is a small island having to the aorthwaid, between it and the main, very good anohorage in 7 or 8 &thotts water ■ or TOu a«r run fhrther up, and anchor in 6 or 7 fhthsiBS. ' . Two miles N.N.W. from the oouth pokt of fd ohannds, bywhich vessels may pass to the hai4>ours to the northward. Rashoon lies 1| miles 8.m from Bane Harbour, but is too shallow for any vessel ; and about the same distance from Bashoon is Broad Gove, lying to the north-eastward of a point of land which jats out, named Broad Cove Head. In Broad Cove than is very good anchoraae, in 8 or 9 ikthoms water. - BED HABBOUB is a good harbour lying at the distance of 8 miles horn Broad Cove Head. In it are 17, 18, and fathoms, but it is too open to the southward. At the distance of 8^ milea 8.W. from Bed Harbour, and situated on the main, is Johtt-the-Bay{ in your passage to which, and nearly mid-channel, between flat Islands and the shore, is a cluster of small islands, wiUi deep water'idl round them ; and fivther on, near the land, is a rock above water, side of which you may sail The channel between it and the land is narrow, and has J.7 fathoms; that on the eastern or outer side, has 18, SO, and (26 fathoms, and leads directly out to Plaeentia Bar. ^ ^ AUDI1|^E ISLAND, lies half a ^lile to the nortbwari of Gapd Judas or Middle Island, anlSMas on its west side a tolerably good harbour. Vessels bound for this barbourmay pass between Cape Judas and Audieme Idand, and between Grow and Patrick's Island, two small islands lying off the 8.W. point of Audieme Idand. About one cable's length from Audieme Island, to the southwaird of the harbour, is a sunken rock ; the mark for dearing it^ when coming from the southward, is not to haul in for the harbour till you open>m remarkable green point on the south aide of the harbour. The beat anchorage is on the north shore, just within a small iahuid. A spit of rocks, coveYed at high wator, strstiehea off the Oreen Point on tl» south shore. ^ Off the eastern point of Audimie Idand is a small idand, named Ford's Idandi having a sui||to rock on its western dde at about » cd>le's length distant, and another on thmast ude ; both of which almost always^brettk. At 1| mileal W. hj N. flnm Ford's Island lies Oreen Island, off which is a little f rocky idet, and another off its western ends. There is deep water M round it, 11 fitthoms dose to the roolgr islets, 70 fathmas between it and Ford's Idand, 78 and 60 fiMhoms between it ud Long Island, and still deeper water towards the Oallowi Harbours. The Saddle-baok is a small idand lyttg E.N.E. ^ E. 8| leaviMs from Gorbin Head; E. by N. 16 miles from Mortier West Point; and E. byS. 8 leagues from John-ihe-Bay Point This is the outermoM of a great number of rocks and small islands lying between it and the main, thereby rendering this part of the coaat very dangatons. There is a chain of rot^s stretching U miles to the N.E. by E. from the Baddle-baok. , GAPE JUDAS, or MIDDLE ISLAND, is an idand about 21 miles in lengthy sind 2 in its greatert breadth. It lies 1| miles to the north or the Saddle-ba^ and baa on its sooth end a remarkable round hill, named the Gape. Between tiiiif . Adand and the main is a cluster of idands and low rodis, with a great number ot vtanken rooks about, them, named the Flat Islands, the innermost of whidi lies about' a mile fr«mi the main. ..I ni l Flat Iriand, Mfl 2 nffi John-t&e-Bay Point, lies John*the-Bay, in which is tolerably good anchorage in about 8 fathoms water, with sandy bottom. ¥nm John>the-Bay Point to Mortier East Point the eourse is 8.W. | W., distant 8 milsa. At 8 miles 8.W. by W. from John-the-Bay Point is Bock Harbour^ which is lit only far boats, on aeooimt of tiie infinite number of rodn in it, both above and . \ lepusagv 8uffioi«Dt iare gtKKl shoon lies about tli«r~ of a point re is Tery FKOM/CAPE RAOB TO OAPB OHAP^U BOUGE. 4« under wrter^^etween John-the^Bay Point and Bdok Hiri>oar. Ue t MOBTplB BAY.-two miles W.S.W, from BdSk Harbour is the entranee into MorUer^ay. On the west si4edf the entrance is a smalfharbour, named Bbanbois. in while plaoe for small vessels, but tber must mootto the shon': in the entrance you have 7 jhthoms water, but only 3 in the harbour j off the starboard point, going in, is a rode wbieh is covered at high water. Mortier Wcst^Head lies li miles S.W. by W. firom Mortier East Point, and a mil* bevoild It M Iron Island. At 3 lesgues S.E. 4 E. from Iron Island, and 8.W. * W. 6 leagues from Gape Judas, Ues the Mortier Banlc. the shdal part of which is about one league ov«r. and ha» noi mora than 4 &thoms m the eaetemmost part of Great Burin Idwd lies the Bodding Rook ; and near the south end of tiie idand is Gat Idand, whicM is biirh and ronnd> and lisa E.N.E.. about 4 miles, from Corbin Wmkn v^r^ n«SM> tf^^^ =ii^^^^K=wr^H^^r1^^^S^KF^^^^^^^srthwir and nearly io the same direction, lie Ck>rbin and Littie Burin Ishmds, both high and round, npt moro than a cable's length firom the shon. ShailowaT Idand lies N.K.W. ^ W. nearly a mOe firom Cat bland. and KJLby E. ■^ quarter of a mile from Littie Burin Idand : the passage into Burin Harbours, from the southward, lies to the westward of Shdloway bland. '\ W l( «> V r M FBOM CAPE BACK TO CAPE OHAPEAU BOUGR la MiUag int ti^ en* to |^M¥^oor Idaad a bcirth on your pott hand; and wli«i within ShiQloway IaIaod,yoa may anchor in- safety betwaan it and Oraa* Bnrin Island, in from lU to 18 Attioma; Tho best anohoraipa in Great Burin Harbonr is in 9bip OoTf. Tho 90»n» up to i^ after you are within Neck Point, which is to the wayward of the Shallowtay laland, is N.N.E. aboi^ 11 miles. It is about a quarter of a mile wide. In sailing up. keep the west shore on board, in order to ayoid a sunken rock on the eastern shore, at ahoiit half wanr up, and i^ut a cable's length from the shpiet. Direoay (^ this thim is a remaAable'hole in the rock, on the suna side: and -a gully in the land, from top to bottom, oh the westcvn shore. Another rook, with «¥fatboOi« on it, lies aboTO aeable's length to the S.W. of Harb«)ur Point, whieh ia roond and giean, ud of modsrata height, joined to Great Bunn Island bj^ ftjktw narrow, sandy neek. Burin Bay is about a mile NJ7.E. of Little Burin Island : it ia dear, and about j( mile wide erery way : here ships may oocaaiwially anchor, and lie alqiest land-locked, la this bay aie two islandp, one called Poor Island, low and barren : the other, which is high aiM woody, lies to the northward, befwe the entrance of Burin Inlet BUBIN INIiET may be entered on either side of the island: it extends np fr miles: a little within the entrance on the east side, half a cableV length from the Sore, ia a rock oovered at three^nartws flood : and If miles from the entrance, near B middle, is another rock, to the westward of which is good rooio, and good anchorage, in from 7 to 13 fathoms There are 15 fathoms in the entrance ; and, in the miMle. two miki up. 16 to 28 fathoms ; and thence up to the head are from 10 to 6 fakhoma. The eaat passage in is between Pardy's Mand and Iron Island; but is not safe without a commanding wind, between the N.N.E. "f ^E. ^ ^ Gorbin Harbour is about a mile to the northward of Gorbm Head, and is a good harbonr for sniall Tessela. At a quarter of a mile eastward from this harbour, and 2 cablas' length from the shcare. is a sunken rock, of 6 or 6 feet water, on which the M* hraaka in bad waatber. Vessels bound far this harbour must also aroid a ahoal of 9 firthoms water, which liea E.SJB. from the south point of tbeUntranee about half a mile. The tMsst anchorage is in the north arm, about half a mile within the antraaoe, opposite »,0OTe on the starboard sida. .■ - .. • Sauker HMd is a high hill ia shape of a sogar-loa^ off which, to the^aouth-west- ward, liaa a small rodi, under water, dose in ^th the land. From Sauker Head to Cape Chapaan Booge, the beariiM and distance are West, 4 miles^ between lie the harbouia of G«eat and Little StLawrsnoe. . . . ^ « , LITTLE ST. LAWBEKOE liea to the eastward of th« Great St Lawrence. To aall into it yon should keep the west shore on board, in order to avoid a sunken rodi whieh lies a little without the point of the peniasnla, which stretches off f^m the Met aide of the Haihoor. The best anchorage ia in 8 ot A fathoms water, on a fine aaady b* •' *»•!' • »a« fnm the shore,w. ttdliiSi irit Moke, bnt in mid-ebannel ire 9. 4, Sjf, 6; and 8 fiuhomi. The h«bonr is small h a s from HO to la %t w ate r;' btrt thsn e i s a b a i H- "^ " atl6w wAtor, andlfl or 14 at hMi witor. The road liw oti the N.W. side of Dog Island, and wiH admU ships of atiy btretben in 8, 10, or 18 fathoms water. The best anchorage is on the north side ; Imt & flfoerel it is roehy, and eknoaed to the M.E. windm Bs oantlous, in going in or ont tfsome •onken rocks. VbiOh He about a mils E.S.E. from Vainqiiear Island, ^hldils tho •Mtenmoitorthsislandiabtftementioaed. • ^ », » «» ! »] ■ ; wlombier,-withilfkthomse middle of the ohannel between it an4 PoiQt If ay, on Neiprfbundlwid. On its south side ue several rocks above and under water, extending If miles tb the W.S.W. ■, ^ ■■ ; %MMUun oiwLixTLB Miobsi.oii.—'Luigley Ishmd lies'to the N*W. of St Fiene, with a passage of about S mUMjjiride between, free fitom dai^ger. It is about 8 leagues in oirooit. of a moderate and igual hdgbt, exoepting at the north end, which is a low point w|th suid-hills ; off whiiA, on both sides, it is flat a little way ; but every other part of the island is bdd-to. tbtft is anchorage on the N.£. side of the ishuid, near BmI Cove, in or 6 fathoms^ « little to th^ southward of the sand-hills, on a fine sandy l }ottom . an^lfaiAwis joined to Langley. by a long, narrow range of sand-hills, having a oh on each sid^. Miqueloiit is 4 leagues in length ^m north to south, and about miles in breadth at the Widest part. Theimiddle of the idand is high land, named ^ bo Hi|[h Lands of Dunne; but down bv tho shore it is low.^exceptingOapeMiquelon, ^whieh IS a lofty pronwntoiy at the northern extiiemi^ of the island. On the S.Ei sidS • (M the idand is ttie little harbour of Dunne|^ bar harbour admitting flshiQg-sh^dtops irt half-flood, bttt no way ealottlated fcr ^pping. ' Some KMks, nalned the MiqtfeHon Bocks, extend off from the eastern poinC of the island, under th^igb land, l{ miles'to the eastward ; some are above and some under ' Fftoir ; "the oute^Dst arskabove water, and thei« %re Jl2 fathoms watAr dcM t<) them, with 18 and 20 a mile off. At N.£. f £i about 4} miles from them, lies the Miqueloa ^JBank^ on which are 6 fothoms w«ter. • <-en<|, and on this east side of thir island between Cape Miemelon and Chwean, which is a very remanable round mountain near tfieuore^Noff' which are sane siUtken rodn at a short distance, but everywhere else it is; 6lear of danger. Olhe beat anchorage is in 6 or 7 fathoms, near th%.}>ottom of tlie road, on fine sandy bottom, but exposed to easterly winds, whidi bifng in a heaTi "W : the mark is, the signal- Btaff in one with the ol)ureh, in sudi » position as tolUdoBoldier's Point by Ohatte Point . .- The fkfal Bocks, two in nnmber, are above water, and lie about 1| leagues off from the north-west sif^e of Miquelon. The passage between them and the island is veiy safe, and there are U or 15 fathoms water within a cable's Iwcth all xwond them. The islands of St Pierre, Langley, a^d lliquelon, wwe ceded to Franoe bvEngland, on condition that no forts should be hyilt on dtber; that no mora than flfky^ien of r^ar troops should be kept there ; Ad that they should 4iave no miUtaiy stores, or ■ oannon capable of qtakhig a defence^ During the late hostilities, these isles were . uine^ed to the Oovemmentof 9ewfoondland, having been taken poasession of by the BnUsh forces in May, 179»; but they have been restored to France, cm the original fponditi ons, by the treaty of 1814.^ rwnimm lUtV.— Point Maying a rocky islet atits point, and from thence the land turns H.N'.E- towards Dantsio Cove and Point, and thence E.N.E. towanb Fortune Heu. miind tM MiHbjf %td dlMaboe aie M. by E. li leagu^ Between them is the entranoe to Fortune Bay, which is about 2i or 23 leagues deep, ' and i^ which are numerous bays, harbours, and islands. The Island bf Brunet lies nearly in ttie middle of the enhance into Fortune Bay. It is above 5 nul|es in length, 2 in brea^, and of moderate height; the eastern part appears, in some points of view, like islands. On ita N.E. sUe is a bay, whereiB 1 ;.» jOAJm GHAPEiLU fiOUaS TO OAPB BiY. 411 r.inlttittide ' rat ft quarter to the 15th two mbles' if 8t Pienra, ide.witblS Oolombier; ed Bftaae do low: it liea inel IJetween " s ftboTe and f St Hem, ratSIeagDjBS lioh is a low 'every other iahuid, near B, on a fine 9a, having a 1, and about land, |iamed leMimelon. heS.£.8id& iQg-ehddlopi polnC of the fs^me under (Mt((themi' le Miqueloa Is the north ' man, whioh une aiiitlieai , a!he beat odv bottom, I, the fignal- it by Ohatte leaguea off d the island h all xvnnd bv England, ittj-mtn of 17 stores, or- le- isles were on of by the the original 1 thenoe th^ .£. towards la leagoea.'^ sagues deep, ortuneBay. sastempart >ay> wherein 1 ther6 is tolerable anchorage for ships, in U or 1$^ fsflioiBs water, shelttoeclf firom -southerly and westwiy winds. In the bottom of ttbe ,bay, at about a qflarter of a mile firom the shore, are tome^rooks, which* must be' avoided. Opposite to tl|ia bay,weSt side of the island, is a' smsll eov< wkh 6 rathans water. The islands lying off the west end of Brunet, to the fouthwird, ajw named tb» Itittle Brtonets^ftM, with Brunet, may be approiehed within i| quioter of sit mile all found. ,' , . ■ ^, ■'?'■'„- '■■•'. '*■'■■ The Plate JslanldMra thi^ nx^ islets, of a moderate height, the neares£ of wh^k^ lies W.B.W. one leagiw from thereat end of 0reat Brunet The southernmost il about 2 miles forther off, and bears froAi Oape Miqaelon £. | S. 8| leagues; aad in a direct lios between 'Point May and Pass Island, 17 miles from the former, and 19 milea from the latter. E.S.E., a quarter of » mile from tiie Oreat ?lato (whioh b tb« northernmost) is a soblEen row, over which the sea breaks, and this is the only danger about them.: ■'i ^ , . . Thero are .SSveral strong aad irregular settings of tl^ ticb,or eunents^ abouf .tb» Plato and Bi'anet Islands, i^hieh seem to have bo dependenoepftthe moon ud'tha course of thatidispn, the eoast > Sagona Is&nd, whieb li«s NiJL, 3 lei^rues, from t}|e east end of B^ael, is about • mile across eiieb^ay, of a mutate height, and bold-to all romti. ;Oii ,it» wvstmk side there is a, small -^veek admitting fishing shsllops, in the middle «f the entfanoa 'to which is % sunken rock, rendering i( difficult of access, excedt in vary fine weather. A sand-bank surrouifds this island, running westsrly full 7 Wles, upon which sin 14, 17, and 30 fethoms water. /" Point Jiitj, Uie soutberii extremity^of Fortune Bay, and the (t,W, eatinemity of jtfais part of Newfoundland, m$y be knoim by a great black.rdcik, niMvly joimng to .the piteh of the poiht, and a HtUe higher than the. landf wfaioh maKSs J^' look like a Uack ."Alimmook on the point At about a quarter of a mile Ifom this blade rook ars three > sunken rooks, over which -the sea always breaks. -' . '. --"v ^ ,• DANT^IC GOV£S.~N,bT £. If miles fhmi Point Ifay isiittle Baataio Oote; . and 2 aMlss ikrther is Great Pantiio 0«re. Froit^Dantiie Point (wbidi i$ the ndnh point of the coves) to Fortune Head, the bearingand disti^nm are KN.E. ii^eagoea; and thwwe to the Villa of Fortuaejllf milea 8^. by £. Tbia h a fiihing^viUage ; And the road where tU» ships Us his ftoia 6^to 10 fathoms waisr, quite wao/mA i» nearly^ half the com)[>ass. It Uss S.8.W. from the e^n^'end «f BrunajL To tM itilf .-. , westward of Pantcio Poiht is thdi long flai^w Bsttk From the Cape of Ghrand Bank to Poiit finnpgfie, fjia coarse is £.N.Bli E., dis- tanos.S.Uagaea. Th« ooast betlreen forms a circular bay.in whieh the shore generally is low, with several sanflv beaobiea. b«hud which are bar4HurbourB, fit aniy for boats, of which the prinoipal Is G^reafc Garaish, lying 4i|rlsaipiea from the C^ of Grand BaalH it may be known by seversl rooks »bove watery lying Ittiore it, at 3 miles dia^ tan situated to the eaatwar^ V the rocka tbat appaar tha highaat Abofa water ; bstwesm them and aeaie ot^ lower neks lyi'iig off to tha iastwaid «f the Mst point of tha acta. than.ia jfc wikan^ rook ritariy in the middla of tha ^mfn,o( whieh jott ahjwld ka astaia. \b% shora Ja.kpld aM tha way ftwa Fslat tada lb l|W Cll»«f gMi)dBtadl;,tbare hta^ 10 or IH ralbo«w'%ithta 8 eabUir Mi|^^ [30 or 40t at a mile off: between the latter and Great Garnish, the Ivater is nat ao dMp. aad ships may anehar auywhare in 8 or 10 fothoms water shaheMd only limn Iba land-wiads. From IViint Enlragte to the bead of Fattuae Bay, the course kh first, E.N JB. } E„ J Ifaguiii to Gmnd Jarvaj ; tkeo S. | Vi, 7|^ leagass, to thaheadof tkabay. The t«ad. 1. ■■<• ■ i. ^ f r-i ' "VT!smSa>W«!«l»jig»«J(^;fi:^r_ .^■ «0 CAPE OHAPEAU BOUGE TO CAPE BAY. iS.fei.'lS?** *'?*^"°"*'^"'**'J" .%brMd-to. Mdof unewtt appearaiioe, with bids wie^lStei '""'"" "*•"*• "^ '*»«^. •»x»«nai°ff ^ wood, wlCS^g iliy »1£ At 7 leases iff theWtwsrd of Point ^Aff6e is Bat L'AnMnt wImm th«M at •Debonfl. in 30 or 40 fathoms i^ater. sboltsredJfrom il A^i.^ ' ^ ^^^ ^ R Ji!:'*'!?^'^ ^^"^ "'l'*"* **> »»»« «»»•««» oUhe oast point of X'Arwnb ?Dt2.Kkai'SS?L'^*^V^T"t''• • ««»"k»We rook wh??^? a dtS; to ^ E th- iS?» '^S'V^L-" ^•iJ'T'" *•*"* branches into tiro U»s. one iSS M|MiarbODF, fit onlr for boats. There are «onTenient plaees for baUdinv ■!•«»« ih ' **i!?/ u 1^^ fish, ayaUable for the accommodation of numerous boats. ' ^^ leS^oSt^Xad" '^Sr:fntS;rcilirsi"n?n^S^^^ «f v'n^lS. Ir^"' ^** f '*?!* .*° *'»*' ''«»t''*rd of Grand Pien»;, and to the westward derEL,?'irS^';«L?Jlt''^P^.f^*lSP'^^^^^ **> the westward oftheJBay The HarboarFemme lies half a leainie to thewestwaid of 'Mii»Tr...iM«*'. :♦!- narrow, and lias in it 30 and 28 f«thomrBefore it! S* is .?WeSll?te ImJ^^ Harbour Ls Oonte is situated one mile to the westward of Brawar'n WoIa !»-»»« •irn^n «uSr -Sr^L!" ■•"* *^° ?"■"*« *"•" »>•»»••«» these, and one or two SlZd SJi7nX21i r ^ »~» " yr '^'' *° »P«" *»»• »»'»»»"^ keep fte inn« island Close on board, to avoid some sunken loeks that lie near a amalHsland whii^ th! ridi Af aTJ!.-^."** T*if ""''• *PP«ring«t low water, lying'lihe? up on ?hiLWluT,!iSTL.i ^^I'J' * "■■5 '^^^ to »b« «*«»»"«l of the onter island. L^gm^TuL^ITiL'^}^^ fo^ the fisbiiriesT' « 4r^ naroour lies 4 mius to the westward of Harbour La Ctmt» m^nA w 17 k« v If i .22n^i^ tS^"* •"•' ' "!"• '^**"'°» *^e island. h.,5ng the appmS 2- «2S«^ ?*??"*.?'*•?«" into* this harbour on cask aid! of oSvSuSd M«5u 12SI!rX « the island, ^ledga of rooks wbenon at« 3 ikthoms'irater: and a H t gt wh hiti t hw island, d n th e e antam uld^ tie uihw taOiM off wra atnSnnUyS a leagues into the land; but the only anchoring plaoe is in Mornn's Cow on^. nW side of the harbour, about 3 mUes within 5u?l Island, i"TfaJho2 wJt^^iniel; louwweatwtttofLongHarboariiHaraHarbour.iltforimaafMadaonfy. Two I CAPE OHAPEAU BpUGE TO ^APE ?AY. miles to the wafhwaxd of Hare Harbour is.M«l Bar. havioir ran dMn wit»l m*^^^ ing nortb-eastoriy about 5 miles, antt haWng BoSIhoJZtSt S?t3SS^^nt To tbe^w«*irard of M.1 Bay. near the shoS/lieThe SSSSfii^^^ ?*"*'/S*f^J" •*^'' ^"t'^d has a .ommunication^StheSatToJ^ , In and a^ut this island is shelter for small vessels and boafa). "^ ™*" •• *<>* ''•»•»• ^BeUe Harbour lies 4 miks N.W. by N. from the lar«M*of the Benoont^ W««^* Tbe~«Wintoitis op theVesteri side of the iSKld il^JTyp^alS SrfS.JZ' 5»*^'8t^**^''' °""' '"'' "P *® ^^ »"** of t»>« harbour. anJiSeKS 20 fathoms, where there is most room; it is but an indifferent hJbim TCtf li m.lli<»|stwardof pelle Harbour is I»lly Cove. behind anJ^ only ; ae west pqmt of this oove, named LaUy Head. Is hiSi md M..ff ' •rr!?r r^Two^mil08 io the northward of tally Cove Headl are East Bay and North Bar in North Bay is Ae largest nter in Fortune Bay, wh^h appears to be a irood nlaoaibr '^^Sff wffeA^S"*,-^*"'^ »" "'^«* Salmon River/^^ «>«»• gopa place for ■ w J ^F^^A^^?*® ***''*"**»»*«l of «>e North Bay; opposite totally Co« Head and affords tolerably good anchorage for larg^ ships on theS W sSs oftS • !!iS*ISi^*i**"**^'" "'?• ^^L The north ar^is J^ret^ MnlglctZi^ yeiMs, «nd s^mon may be «anght at its head. ' * *^*^ " ■■**" A JitUe to the southward of the Bay of Cinq Isles is Corben Bay. irhere there i. ^ good anchorage for imv ships in 23 or 24 fathoms water. ^'y^ WhW tbere is r^^^^'lul T •!?°tn-«'»?t'^'^ from Lally Cove Head are two islands, ^Id-to aU ronn^ about^a mile distant frbnk each dther. The aorth.«Mtoram«rt ot £2 is Lady Island, which Ifes off the sduth point of Corben Bay,^thingBl3ffto to ' latter, is a sunken rook, with. deep water aU round it: an/ iboirt HuLtoTS k^^ DAMWU iji!.^^ ABIER BAY 1ms on the west point of BeUs Bar. and N 4 W a toagues from Point Enragfie. Itrn^ be known by a very hffh miSfowthJ ui,J^lVST* •'"??? perpendicularly ftom the sea, nam^ Iro^SS; ThaSS . Mand, which forms th<^ east side of the bay. is likewise high. The h«t^ l£?5S the west side of the Uy, iust within the point formed by a nirrow bwbSS andU Ji'JS^or^SSfotbor''" ^' '•"'"" "i^" H-^ ^^ ^ toleri^ly JiS'^Sih^ i«5rt B ^/'^i'* 0' BeUorum Bank, has 7/athoms water on it, and lies witk the beach of Baude de L'Arier Harbour just open of the^ west point of ^h^^ Bow Point on with the north end of a^^^wjues Ishnd, T f^ «»»y».«* . -Jr* "^*? *** *^*. ''"t^^wl of B<^ de&Arier is the harbour of iSt Jaoaii^ • Tnit I'/hu '*?? y ^"O'^ by the isUnd before it being high at ii eS. i^R .|»"i:sfeo7s:ttsis^^^ ^^^'-^ and ENE^P^S^'T^^ ^fi'** "«* ^- *A<^ «»a^ &«» $t Jacoosp Id^ •na Jt.N.E. t E. 18| miles from the east end df Brunet Inland. It is^amod^^ bwght, and w t^point most advanced to th^uthwiS or rt^^^^ Fortuni^ Bar. Bofy^arbour lies N.E. 8 miles fronTltoxyKinui whSb SSJi, SSl^jfL^J"*** W«ek bead just wiftin the point named Friars HeiJ^CTioiSr ■wV^P°'"'S' *?**••'**'** ^heretbe stages aito. "■M,y. flpfl mjifl from Bow Point is the Island of St Jnhn and iH M W i * tn OAPE CBAPEAi; ROUaB tO OAPE RAY. Tb» p«aMkfl» in is on the «Mt side of the island, whioh lies in its entr^Mr' Itil^^ <««ry smidrreMlels ean enter to the westward. '^^ < * - To the westward of Bay de L'Eau, about 3 miles north from 8t John's HeAd. ia little Bay Barryriway. on the west side of which there is good anchorage folr large ships in 7, 8, or la fathoms; and both wood and water can be obtained with ease. Harbour Briton lite to the westward of Little Banysway, and N.N.B. 14 league from the islatid of Sagona. The heads which form the entlwnoe Are high, and K^ fh>m eaeh dther S.E. and N.W.. distant aboufS tniles. Near the east head i» ll rack fcboTO wateir. The only danger in going in is a ledge of rocto, stretefaing S MbtM* Mngthfhtm the south point of the S.W. arm, whioh is more than a mile iHtbin th« irest head. The onljr M|aoe for ships-of-war to anchor in is above this Kiage, befotd the entranoSOf thS 8.W. arm, in 10 or 18 fkthoms, mooring nearly east and west; the bottom is wy good, and plenty of wood and wfCnr Are to b(» obtained here. iPP®?l** *** *''® ^'^' *"" " **•* ^•^- •™' <*' Jewejman's Harbour, whioh is eapabl* ttf Uolditig a gnat number of ships, secure from all wit^s, in •, T, and 8 ^thoms <«raitef : it has a bar at the entranoe, on Ihich there am 8 nthoms. The matk to sat! trtit the baf, i# thepoint of Thompson's Beaoh, whidh is the south point At the eatnnee iiilo the S.W. arm. open of Je*Myfiiiil&*8.Heid, which is bi^ Uid Muff, bU the horth side of the eatnmoe into Jeraeym*il's Harbour; mi sobit as yoi^ 6t6ik the |lirbour,hau!uptothenoTthWAifd,.andatibhor, , ' ' T; ^' Fraib the west isnd of Harbour BHton to ObnnaigM Head, the bterili^ and dls^ tanoe are W. 4 N., 6 miles; between are GhiUIslaod Atad Qeadliiaa'\S W. «« Wht^h VtHi* is A bank stretching from the shore, between 2 Aiid 8 mUeS, wfaerebu the depths tsry from 84 to 4 fathoms. Thto sea, dutiliig storms, will sbmetimiM bMAk for A oott^. iddA^NB wAy tfUt froni OnU IriAUd. t --^-i-i ««r.— FVom Connaigre HeAd, whioh is high audorAg«y,ll6 ^iem \m« Fbini, fhA bearidtf Aud disUnoe am N.W. | W. 7 miles; bettoMn fe OdnnAigM BAy, rittti^iing Aboilt 4 leAgues iulAud. In the mouth of the bay lid the OetJnygM BMki, Ab«Ve wAMr, fjtUtth M&y be approathed Veiy MAf, theire being tib dAiiger bai whi^ Shews itMlf; the shAUiiU between them AUd OounAigie Ifoad is the SAfest, as a led|^ of irotaks extends A mile from the north »hore, which ntiders the dths^ ehiubel MihsrdAtageMiUs. ^ GonnAfgni HArbOur is nsAily 6 miles Above the head, within A txrifat on the south iidA « the b*y; it is TBiT small, aad the li«pth of wiater is 7 fsthoms. The pAssam ill fs'irti tiisi SB. side of the islaiid whielt lies b^r« it Ate^ast of thib htubonr, USAiriy Uilkttt iilddle 6f the bay« i^ twd ialaads: Atid on the south side of iha wMt* emmost Are some rocks above water. ^p 1 - Diwibh'i Gttve is oh th« N.W. side of ilwMy,:attd heart KN.fi. About 4 uUes turn CkniHAigre HSAd, And W.N.W; % tniiik from thoweet end of the li^Mi AUd westernmost isliind; thAAuclwrAge is in 8 or Sfkthoms, quite exjtased to sonthsrly '" fiAsBSIMS Poiut, whticili forms the «est point of OoMiAigre Bay. is of ttoderAt* Mgbt, bhtt of wood, and bold-to : the shoM from dietioe to Pass Island U,iftewlse, bold-to< Pais IsAind UM nearly "W. by N. distant 8 ttiiles fr«m BAssetsrrs Pttinti ' ' Pasi IslAnd is tb6 iHmb^itaMMii ettmftfty df Fortune Bay; it is A fhll milo 'in length AudnaiTow. From the north ^int«f Hiotlelon it boari N.E. by Ki TleatfusA mtfwk^m MAy N. I B. llileAguest Itls lilgh Atid lies n»w tfo khAiSr bn Uk'mS^imitalMtik Side then are seVsral roeks above #Ater, whibh Aktalkd fully a itti(« hm t|e muA, dtid to thA N.W. is A sunken tMk Aboiut a duttter of a tuile fiSMa Iti TlieNr is A pAssh^ bMween^ls islAnd ted the msin, AboM 3 caMss' leugth iHde, whiA/is frMUMfljr tmversed by sjautll v0as«l«, whsre tbsf AiMheUtliea An^My;on * ly bittom. la 8 flithoms WAier. Tlie eod^flshert •boot d^ paH is geiNMdly srSdgotodtedpnMluMlve. ^r ^e genera^ appearaiice of the laud entile northern aide of Fortune BAy is MUyi "-ditedlly flf^m Ills SAA. with eMggybArren hilts, extencKng 4 of 6 lesguSs miAbd, -ju»» rttHl e l s And p otids , wH ils t h at au ^he-Awrth s m aide ef Ww bay hw > MutjH»peArtei», hAtring less of these rugged hills, ted bsing bstter elethid vood of A Atttt brifehy kind, giHug to the MuAlry a grMii ted ftrtitt MCA. 'the Uilit trBBS. <»f fat ^ fbgify WAitlMr. too muoli depetidmoa sh«dd not be pksed te As sottadings lis 1fmaa» B«y. aa fa mtey pUsat, thA iratAr hiM' tfi^> {~!>(,--| noins It the >* ■ ■ ■■ '.■■■ ' -. ■ ^' ■•'-■" ■^■•■'^^^■■■ ■-■■";:• ■:.■:■.:■: ' ■;■:' CAP^ OHAPEAU BOUGE TO CAPE BAY. « Hwbonr, and br the iuthemXre^Jf &- f!i^*/°'t**^ •«M»9watJmS Pm. lilAiid JO mUes. H«ee W»Sr21 iS.J^ ""^ ''*•«»*» •«» *wh the •ere op«,. ud w*J fam inTutt/hwiS dL^i?"* "7*^ V *^ y^" •"! see Sa the aoeborage ia g«od. with n^r^^^V^i^^K^'^. ■"* »»thout the leaat^aonT •nd wder^roiS^VHeSu^I^«,«"**''" ^•'l*'*' •»« P^ntJ oTboaTXi •ide, but no danger whateTer. "**•»• »«»m »4et e* two on the aouthara iSSd^l'^.SS^ with ..line af 380 rathSaTSrSr ^ JteiL*?*?'*"^^'»V »»o botl^ff^S liEAT ,\ iJ.^ f- ©APE GHAPEAU ROUGE TO CiK»E RAY. ibove wkter on tfae starboard side, lutd then ste«r direotly in; this wlU Murrr you clear of some sunken rocks lying on the west point of the'island. aud appearing «t » this barbonr may, be known by the east end of GriMt loir water. The entranoe to Head, and is^ Oerfis Island, which is a^higb,j#teep, craggy point, named Great Jenvis I the northern poinlt^of the south antrance to the harbour. ' N BONNE BAY lies about ^ league to this westward of Great Jervis Haad, and nearly N. by E. distant 7 miles from Piss Islsiid. It has several islands at its entrance, the westernmost of which is the laigest and highest. The best passage in is to the eastward of the lamet island, between it tod the two easternmost islands. The bay runs in north, 4 mOes. and there is no danger but what shows itself. You may go luay linehor, in from 10 to 20 fathoms. Dragon Bay lies in N.W., a league, and is nearly half a mile wide, with 60 or 70 fathoms water, and no anchorago excepting near tw head; and then you^ust l^e tery near the shore. One mile to thOwestWAd of Faeheux is Little Hole, with shJEdter for small craft ; and a league to the westwaM of Faoheux is Biohard's Harbour, a place fit only for small Tessek and fishinff AaUops. wiitb 28 fathoms water in it. ' ■ Habb Bat lies N.W. by W. a league from Bichard's Harbour, and runs in N.NJJ; about 6 miles, being abou^l of a mile wide, with dMp water close home to both shoTOs in "an parts' of it, Except about a league up on the wtet side, where then is good anchorage, in from 8 to 15 fathoms, with plenty of wood and water; and also in a small core about a mile up on the east sidei where there 4ra 80 fathonu, with gradual soundings to the diore. \ ^ About 4| miles N.W. from Hare Bay, and 4 miles N.E. from Hjiio's Ens Point, ii DeTil 8 Bay. a narrow inlelL extending a league to the nordawanSTwith deep water, and no anchorage until you eome dose to the head. The Bay of Benoontre Ut^ to the northward of Hare'sEar»Point, and runs in N.W. , ^.leagues, it has deep water in most parta of it, andNs nearly half a ttfle ^riM at the narrowest part. The ainoborage is in 80 fisthoms. aboTS a low woody point on the south shore. qnito>land-IaBked.l Hare'a Ears Point is large, with a ragged ii'o<^ upon it. which, from some ^nts of view, looks like the ears of a hare, ft dividea tho Bayi^ of Benoontre and Obaleur, and bears N.W. i W.. 17 miles, from Pass Idandi the entrano* into the bay, and doae to the land^ U • iman isNB^ Of moa«Mt« »* *l*««e%*igiieMlr|»lf aalik vide in th* ' / * CAPE CHAPBAU BOUOE T9^ CAPE RAV. I 5T .THE BUROEO iSlIs aw 7 cwTKJ^ '?^.r«^^^^ Aom»»wlfiwBitt»MTe«itntw.iri^-Jl*- "t' «»«n«Jing about 6 ailMkbnff N.N.W. from Bamea OoJuiaba 8 ffTw^o^ .u- ".*''■ Jaortbarnmost, i^ ]{«• of tbi. roflk* the iratar beiag dwp S^JJin^^LSi ' y*" "*' ?" •"ifj **• ^••p tkfl north aid* of Boa? W.„rrJ!^JSi* .^ *^*L^'':^^^y> &• N.M'bf Ki . tWa worth point oTwEphtethaflrttloi^t^S:.?''* '*** ^- * ^- ^' 0'*»«*y that nointTand «ob«^\?jr,!S r,iTifSr.'!?:.-??'^r«^^ l««f Tha beat pkoa ibr . Mland Iving near the ■Dd abalt^red fron ' flerousionlaaawail ward and aaMvud, », •II tha minlun raok« fear. Hie islands do Wolf Bay e»tenda' MA^A {- "« f~^l"^ '"'" "wwooMa DOW ; banV round «2^«. « U fethona, and moor with a hMoi ab^M. to Mohor in ia, betwijt Orandy'a CiSa^ndl iJS Ipf Bo« Idand, in 8ftor «* fJhomaW uS gul into Qrandy'a Cow ft^;';S^^ ftom Boar 1 A^^d^Iiy^J^mitoit S^^jili^ &^**i*S,*» *:-^*^-. « »iJ« Mint of th* «,tn««^1a oo»po«»d oH,!'^'^ 1o£?i?!S. ?'^"' J^' "^ «fe a diatanoe of a doaiter ofa mila fto« 2!SL^!!l** *''*'•■ " • •«»*••» «>ok *«*«■. Near tln^lSTf £e ba^fa SSLblt^i^T* *''* "*5 *"'^ *» »«5 •nd water. T '^^"•***''v«»<>««»«hof»g«, and plenty of wood point of theajalands on bdaid.InT^VN k, w"*'^ J'L"" »lk^*b«Oirt wrtar, aiHl «od gWand all OYe^^Orar the wntt^irS'S* *^ ^^ «"«««»• hrtbojrria ahi|beree»hill; md If «SlS liSt lS*fc*^ ^ ??««•• into thii that ilw.g« .h|w'^t^ Owib. b^ rf tiri^tl^ nmirfng upon Kamea Shoal. "" " "• ***^»» «• "MiArtPa H«|d, a mirk fb» ««fc« iWka^ aotie of whiok ttl^^ T6o bay ^na in nTby N.?SoS'XKnfrl?li*ij^.*^^ ^nthanMi'doaBto both ahafta' ** A«e.^ "—- * ts — r ""■«"« »"*" *•, i», lo, «»« s MiMUMa Ifa^fck.^ ^ _. as. . « .'" ■ ■ _. H«<>«iM*AMtarfor smS th-lNMama.Mk. {.f. k.'«». J-TS^?: ■^"?"'*» »• M of the aite on IM ■ ■ -T- -'. ' ~ «;» —*«»■»■ J owa W i Mift head of the a «• »~lSTfl!£fe^aLJ^^ <^^ ^»*>^ *f Onttean i*c4« tiMiM^niid liHi^in mto Iha l^jSft^art^STli^^ . ■\. »» ' CAPE oki^^AU BOUGE TO CAPE BAY '^£l!^y^&Ll^^^^^^ yoo get .b««tof . of a mUe Ei.E. from • ihif r^k^S^^fJ^^** «"»' "•«* «« •b^t . SS« this id„d. afd «.chor hehSdAuinittS^t:! *Hf «»'"»«J ^ haul aJ^ !f"«k^bleaountahi oyer it,hin^2^ the coart : down this mountain rune a Sdi^iw V^J^'t*" " **>• *"'«»»«»» J«>d on aU c^deuitotheharboir. BefoiXL^fh S SI h^T^'*"^^^^^ the ai^eet of which i. of middlJoJ hSt^S ♦iJf*""" T "^•^ «*"e of wVoh aSI "ck that shows itself Miloww^^^S^i.Z !'T ^^^ '•»'*nd. » * -uBk!; «yP«°«[.r^ "lie very niTh^iiore.^ " '^* '^^ ^"^^^ » 8»»8 "^ the i^ J"?-^.^?^^^^ ♦ W a mile, frem Litt,. W.N.W.. a mile; it is about U wwi's l.S^J°*-^' H^' "* ** extends inwards. WohoraM is near the head of the WK^S*^ 'lo* " t«e nanjwestpart, and the . shelter^ from all winds At w/ *"'"»'^ « ^8 or 20 ftthom^dear Vronnd 2n5 litUe Harbour. Serrttpot\i?lbi• ^f^WghWuff ijjje. In s«ling in. giye SfiSfa Xt" Imairfil' "^'^J* W^-W.. ibout * must Anchor so MomTjpuMHi^^^y^**^ ^ S"**" «d*on boaS! "ol good ^und. snd .helt«i* fr^ 5 wS,£' &' Tf P^i"*" » » *»' »» ^^o^ Broad Cove is about a jnilw #« iu- "*^ ' ***.i"«t uneven at low i^T^ . \ :f. ret abrMat of •nt a quarter I short round B sofelr, Bbel- d of tfae bay, e harbour of en high and It land on idl elf, by a eaa* little islands, lit. A little '^ (he Cblumbe lalowroek: " lalf a league ine weather. , and of the lioharelov, iinken roek, our extends ttpart; but « the Bar of . nmost IS a ^. by W. 8f and Grand NMie to the usage in is lies o£P«the tnvnodious ily & miles bay, which ^ point lies which are I a sunken -■ the bay, om little 8 inwards^ t, and the » rand, and •tfbonr.ia Wgh blurV ., about a >or about is on its y Btd; it is V 1 point is ue some rd. You ". fathoins, of GaUy u ' CAPE CHAEEAU ROUGE TO CAPE RAT 6» LitUe Ireland bears from the southernmost of the Bnnreos N W bv W Ji x^mSk leiwues; and Ues ^ly u leagues to the eastward of cIp?Ray ^ * W^ A w"o ^'*Sf ^•P^^*° ^Fbw' la C«,e, and La Moine'SayTthe com«j is WN V f W 9 orlO mtles ; between Mes the Batof Garia. and M»«r«l Wr^ iu **TT ' small ye8sds,befoh» which thei» afe manyMmi J?d wnlS, i^kfL^;**!^^^ ' hillocks on the may, r'bring thkihlSpSt N N E ^d stS ^^^'^''^J^" keep between it and the .STeral jslini that iS t \?e WS -wes^^^J^Z thi white pomt^the course into the bay is N. by W. • borrow towLJ^ ♦k^ . "" .***• The S.W. point of the entrance into Harbour la Coue. named R)Me R].n«h. p„5-* part Off the east pomt are some smaU islands and i^ «lin» -.♦-. f*"*.^** in, keep the west point on board, until you haye eniSfth- Iir^iT' ^^ "*^«f towards the east sSore. and run up toVheZad rf thS bS? whJrJ^^ni, »•'' "^ °^?' 10 or 11 fathoms, good ground: h^ereieplS"rf\^5bd 2d iS^J^^^'^ '^'^^^ steer m N.N.W., between a rock aboye water, in the mouth^f tl- h«L ^ ?¥^' west shore ; as soon a. you are within the r^k. hilTthe w^tw^S t' tlfA*^ Jil^Kir.Sl/-'-''^-^^^ T.^-^J.^bee^'^Se^re-.Jn-ST^^^^^ * Tb the westward of Bose Blanche Point is the hmrhanr «f ^k- — jmall and snug, and the anchorage is in 9 fLhom^;2en JSL Jja^^^^ *» *• hour is betwmin the island lyingoff its western uoint»nH n^ ni u »*? *'*• *»•*' the island agood berth, on ic~unt of lomo «E Sk.^H-?^."'"' ^!^°*' ^"^ Mill Faoe is a small ooye, 8 miles to the westward of Rose BlsMh. P«i-* »i— • IS anchorage for smaU yestals in 4 fathoms. OffUie westL^nt^f !k *• ^•™>n Raall islands, and seyeral sunken KK»k»; X V^i^V^i^^ l£l^7, T *"*» Seyen mUes to the westwaid of Rose BlanoheKiiif «• thlrl^ t . ®f *'''^ lie close under the shoi«, tJimttnS^iTS S^JZS^ Sl^'^-J*}^ ^*'«»» is shelter for small yeMdT S[Sm!^tiM^^^^^i^!i^'^ »*•* ^^^^ *»»eeo half a mUe Mm the sSSt ^^ ** "* '™^" *«** *»»• of »»»ieh an l#^*5."l"^* *® *•*? w»»»ward of Rose Blanche Point, ai« Oonnev and nt*. ^ n*™ i.-»v 6f which are renderwl diflkult of access by sey«S annlln «»!L^*tJ I.."*^"' *** which do not showthemselyes inl^wl£^-h^lJ^L°^^^*^'^'VT' Otter B a y , ihmii good ri dinir in 7 . B \ ZT T^i{, „ .,?* ■" **** y°" "» -^ ^th*" sjff?*^^;g"'l/!1ig?Jl' i' ^ ' ." ■ ' P fa*homn i ii i r; HEAD mjLNDB HAK^OUR-^WNW ♦ W n..-!* ^ i *. - to Dead Islands Harbour, between the islands and the main is «Ll «wS!»-2!?^ •hipping in « or 8 fethbms, sheltered from allwiSiTut'iti.^^^if!^^'^ •otranc-^ Tha easten. witrano. cm> be known bjr a nmariraWe whi^ilrJa'S nearly 8 ker. uneside I eastern Siye the ]■ ■ «0 CAPE CHAPEAU BOUOE TO GAPE RAY. ^^ ^ mIwIcU ; bung this mot to b^w N. by W., ud steer in for it» keeping thir n^J jU abamrd rooks onboerdt ano Uvn the wbite i^ttsd island on your port eid^ i^^e ^l^restem entrancfr' may be recognized by a high point on the main, a little tct thii wistwMd oC .tiiid islands, on the western part of Whioh point is a gi«en hilloek ; keeb / this point close on boird, ntttU yom gs( within a little round rook, near to thf westenf* most island, at the eastern point of entranoe; then haul over to the eastwaird for the grsat island* distingitished by * Ugh Uill, Indi steer £. | N. keeping tb6 brfore- mentionM little rook in sight. PQBT AUX BASQUE^From the Desd Ides to Port aor Basque, the «bnrse and diftanee are W.N.W. .about 4 miles; between lie several small isUnds close und^ the shore, and tliere are sunken rooks, aooM of which ara half a mile from the shore, port ai» Basque is a small eommodions barboun lying kbont S| leagues to the east* ward of Ckpe Ba% To fall in with it, bring the Sugar^Loaf HiU over Gape Bay to bear N.K.W. | W:, or the west end of the Table Mountain N.N.W. Steer m for the land iritb either ot tbsse marks, and Jrou will fall directly in with the harbtiar : the S.W. point, named PoinT Blanche, is of a moderate bogbt, and i^ white appear* ance; but the N.£. poilti is low and flat, and baa, dose to it, a black roek above ^ater. In «rd«r to avoid the enter shoal, on which are 8 fathoms, and whioh lies B.S.6., three-quarters of a mile, from Point Blanche, keep the said point on boanli and bring the flsg-staff which is onithe bilf over the westjdde of the bead ot the harbour, on wiOi the 8.W; point of Boad Island : that dinot^n wUl lead yon in the middle of the channel, between the eaitand west rocks, tin ilNrmer of which idwaya show themselves, and th^se you lea;ve on your starboard hpnd; continue this couraa up to Boad Iskpd. and keep the west p^ibt on board, in order to avoid the Fryingf^ Pan Bpek. which strstches out frtnn a eov« on the west shore, opposite the itlspd. . : As soon as you are above tbe island, haul to the £.M J!., ana anchor between it and Harboiur Island wherever you please, in 9 or 10 fathoms, good ground, and shel* tared from all winds; this is named the Boad, or Outer Harbour, and is the only anchoring place for men-of<-war, or ships drawing a great depth qf water, but smidi vesnls al wi^s He up in the Iimer Harbotw. To sail into it, run in between thfi west shore and the ^W, end of Harbour Island, and anchor behi^ Jbe said idand, in 8 or 4 fathoms. In soine parts of this harbour sbips.oan lay tnj^roadsides so near to the sfacm as to reaeh it with a plank. This place haabesn^^uented by fishermen for many years: it is well dtuatsd for thdr, purposes, and is capable of mo|t excellent y asoomniodations* A mile to the eartward of Basque is little Bay. '. OBAND BAT lies about 2 miles to the westward of I*6rt aux Basque ; there •!• several small islwds and rtf«ha in and befoce it, tbe outermost of which are not above a qaarter of a mile from the shoto ; on these the sea generally breaks. It is only M for small vessds. • ' - Prom Port aux Bisque to Point £nrag«e, tbe bearing and distanee ai^W.N.W;! thaat a leagoe. and thence to Oape Bay, N.N.W., nearly 14 league. Point Enra^it' la low ; off it, and to the eastward of it, are somewotken neks, a mile from the sbotib . whereon the sea breaks, ,/■■ OAlm mAT, the S.W. extremi^ of Newfoundland, is situated in latitude 47° 89' N., and loBgitudsiir »^' W. The Und of the oape is very rMnarkaUe ; near tbe shore it is low, but 8 mtlit udand is a very high taUe mountain, whidi ris«f almost parpen* diotilariy frpai the tow land, and ^paars to be quite flat at the top, ettepting a snaU billook.on the^&W. point of it. Tliis Isod may ba seen, in dear weiSar, bom the distanoe pf 16 or 18 leaguesi Oloae to tb* foot of tfie tabk mountain, between it and the pcdnt of tb* «H>f .ia a U^ ro«i^ hiU» fc assa d > i ing a sugar>loaf, (named the Bi«arT Loaf of Cape Bay,) whose summit is a little lower than that of the table mountaiB { and to the northward of this hiU, under the tdbte mountain, are two otbar conieal hills, leserabling suaar-loa«e% whinh am not ao high as tbe fotrmer { one or other of theal sugar^o^ hiUs «re, A«n^ all points of Tiew, sesai detached fram tbe table mountain, r anabor with the winds fron N.N.W. to East, hot they sho Jd be oautioas not to ba aurpr^ied there with 8.W. winds, whiob blow direotly in, and cause a groat saa. Tba pround i% net the bast for holding, being line sand. Towards the east sids oftUs bay la a, small ledge of roekB,.a vile from dbore, on wbieh the aea does not bredi in fine wsatliar. The beat plaaa for large ahips to 4*ncbor in is, to bnbg the point of the © V- ,(,.%: CAPE RAY. TO CAPE NORMAN. 01 OKpe N.W., and a» high white sand-bUl in the boitom of t& ba^rNB^in le^lkUims water. Small veaselB uaylie fkither in. Be oareful not to ran so fi^ to the eastward as to bring the end of the Mble moantain on with the sand-hill in the bottom c^ the bar, by which means thtf ledgo^of rooks, before ipentioned, will be AToidcd.'. N.W.^ W.. neariya mile mm the point of the oape, is a sinall ledge of ^'■ rooln^ liamed the Oape Roeks, wheraon the sea altrars breaks; and one mile to the ntvUn ward of the oape, eloe* under the land, is a low rooky ishtnd. There is a ohannel between, the ledge and the eape» with 14 and 15 fathoms water ; and alao between it and th« islandMirtth 4 and S fathom* ; bat the tides, wt#h run lien with gi»at rapidity, render it unsafe for shlppiiig. ' The soundings, under 100 fathoms, do not eztaiBd above a leagm from the laod to the southward and eastaowd of the eapOi nor t7 the weatwanl and northward of ilL exeept on a bank whioh lies off Port aux Basque, between % and 8 leagues from the land, whereon are froln tO h 100 fathoms, good fishing gnmnd. 8JE. i 8.. about 18 leagaea from Port aux Blique, in the latitude of. 47^1^ N.. is said to be a bank whereon are 70 fiuhoma. v^ ^^ THE TU>E8.-^Between 0 41 It f ,» "i •'' ^fi-ri ' ' I © WEST COjkST OP NEWFOUNDLAND. > 3 ,,-. , . , r .ii » ii ir i i r -ii \:^^~a-^^,ii^:^;,^H .-i ink'? .^,ir:J 3-^v''''. '\ S-^'"''-:' *^*^^ ^^ *0 OAPE. NORMAN. vK ,,^...^ ^v„,;i ^-^f^JJ * Oak AasDiu.1 bearing N. ^E., irSr 18 miles from OapeRay.iathe northmpoa^ Ioint of land ymi can see« after passing to thMrsstward of Oape Ray ; it is high tal^ ind. and the country above it is coTsred wjM wood. Between Uie hi|^ lu^ of tbf two capes, the eoas< is low, and the shore forSs a bay, wherein care tiie gnat an4 Uti)o ATCn of God Roy; the nortfaemraost, or Great Cod Roy B^ver, is a barrod'bi^wi, which, at hif^ water, Wilt onlyaAnit Tcseels whose drai^bt dfaw not exoeed Bmlii feci, The ahore between the two oapes tnay be appaMwsbed «o aboat half a lei«ae, there being no danger at that distaase off i^ It is a good salven-flshepy, and ia adapl;«d for building small vesssls and boats, Ihere being timber in abundanos. The Island of God Ror lis* 1| or 9 miles to Ote southward of Gape AoguiUfi, dose imder tha high land, and is a low, flat, green isldRl* o^ nearly » mile* in oompasa, in We shape of a holwMhoe, fbrmfaw, between it and the main, a smaD «QW hai^i^ for vessel* sf 10 or 18 foot draught, tha safest entraace to which ia from the soutii MHud. ^Ood Roy Road liisa soOth^eastward tnm the iaiaad. and affoids good anahorag^ for ahipuibg, ill 8, V, or fatiioms, on a stay bottom. With tha south point of tho Uiwi '"■ JBQtenjW.jj^^.a n dA a point rf tha hwrt on I h n inw i da of t h a iili nfl . at A it iouth elatranoftTnto tha harboUr, on With a point on tha inain to tha northwar^^^ island, you will lie in 7 faAoma, and nearly half a mik from tha shora, A leikgua to the Mxrtbward of God Roy^ Island is a iiigfa bloff pofat, nartied «tonny Bdnt, off wfai^ a shod stntchas out a fnU half mils: this poiat oovara tha road from the &«.£. winds, and there i* good aMhMrage aU aloag»the ahofa, betwsen i( aod the wond. I- 0i ea CAPE RAY TOsCAPE NORMAN. A -From Cape AuguUle to Gape St Oeoige th« eoorse «ud distance are NJf.E. | £., about 12 leagues: betvreeii these two capes is the Bay of St George, which extends inwards E.N.E., 18 leagaes from the former, and E.S.E., 1 1 leagues from the latter. At the head of this bay, on thlTeonth side, round a low point of land, is a harboaif with anehdrage in 8, 10, or 18 fathoms "water. Tberivor St. George empties itself into the head of this bay* but it is not navigable for anything but boats, and it appears to be fast filling up with sand. On the north side of the bay, before the isthmus of Port-aa-Port is good anchorage,°in 7 or 8 fathoms, with northerlywinds: from off this place afishing-Muik itretohes two-thirds across the bay, with frmm 7 to 10 fathoms water on it, dark sandy bottom. Gape St George lies in latitude 4SP 38* north, aifd may be readily kAown, not only by its being the north poin^ of the ^y of Gk George, but also by the steep oliSb on the north' iMirt of it which rise perpendicularly from the sea to a considerable height; and by Bed Island, wbich 11^ 6 -miles to the nortte-eastward of the cape, and half a mile from the shore. Thif island'is about l^^milosin length, an!d of a middling height; the steep bliCb arpund it are of a reddish colotjir. There is anchorage with off-sBpre wihds under the N.E. end of thd island, before a sandy cove on the maiii, which lies just to the northward of the steep ^flb, in 1*4 or 14 fathoms; you will there riddk covered fron^ the ^W. winds by the island, and from'tiie southerly and easterly windn by the ihain land ; but there is no alwlter i^hatover with winds from the N. or N.Wtf Although this place was formerly mu^ reaor|^ to by vess^ in the fishing-trade, g " 'From abreast of Red Island, distA^t 4 or 5 miles, to Ilbhg Point at the jntranito iiito ^e BtLj of Port-au-Port, the beting and distance are £. by N., 7 or 8- lisaams ; from ^ed Island to Guernsey Island, id the mouth of the Bay of l8lands.';EiN.E.. nearlfie leagues ; from Red Island to Ga^ St Gregory, N.E. by £. | E.^ully SO leagues; and from Red Island to Point Rich, which is the notth point of Ingrana- ohoix^Bay, N.E. by E., 49 leagaes. " rom«mar*VOmT.~-The land between Red Island and the entrance into Port-ait-. Port is rathw low, with sandy b6ac||i£8, except one remarkable high hillock, named Round Head, close to the shore, aboutS leagues to the E.N.-Eastward of Red Island;, twt up the country, over Port-au-Port, are high lands ; and if you are 3 or 4 leagues off at sea, you cannot discern the long 6oint of land which forms the bay. This bay »is capacious, being about 6 miles brmid at the entrance, and 4 leagues deep, running in to the south and south-westward, with good anchorage in most parts of it . Long Point is the west point of the bvr y it is l6w and rooky, and a ledge of rocks ! extends from it E.N.E. nearly a mile. S.E. by E. f E., 4 miles from Long Point, and .half a league firom the east shore, licM Fox Island, which is small, but of middling height From the north end of this island a shoal stretches out nearly 2 niiles to the N.N.-Ea8twardv^amed the Fox's Tail ; and, nearlt in the^middle of the bay, between ^.. -tFox Island and the west sfeiore, lies the Middle Ground, on one part of which, near t^e 8.W. end, /there are not above 8. or 4 feet water. From the head of the bay, pro- ^ jesting out into the middle orit, is a low point, named Middle Point,- off which, exr , ' tonJdlng 2 miles N.E. by N., ia a shoal spit, part of whidi dries at low water; this Midqlb Point'divides the bay into two jwrte, named East and West Bavs> t^tm tiie bead of the East Bay over to the Bay of St George, the distance ia abovto a quarter of a mile ; this isthmus is very low, and has a pond in the middle.of it, into which the sea fhtquently dashes, especially at high tides, and with gales of ' ";. '. , wind from'the south ward. On the eapt side of it is a tolerably high moontain, rising J(ldirectly firota the isthmns, and t^ai at the top : to the northward of this, and at about ■ !>,' ^6 miles distalit from tb« isthmus, is a conspicuous valley or hollow, hereafter to be * used as a mark. N.E. by S4 ^ B., above two leagues Irrai Long Point, and lialf | \ league from the shore, li^ Shag Islaod, which appears at a distance like a high rook, ' and is easily to be distinguishtid from t^ main ; and W^.W.; abont a league from it liaa the middle «f Vng. IfMge. a narrow ledge of rodcs, s^tehlng EJf.E. and W.S.W. about 4 miles ; the eiim m.Vtxiot them ie above water, and the channel into ?tt!n IBnSqTorTBfHHFTJwrir^ •tretobes off from thA weat peint (Ktih^^^y, is a league wide. In sailing in, if coming ffam wA 4^atb-westward, advance no nearer to the Long l^int of the bay than I^ ni!le,'uM{tit'- CAPE RAY TO CAPE NO^MAl t-/-- th«ii ^fmtci theLong JPoint Reef, and may haul iito the bay witk a»f»t4 •' l.„t t, twiaa the bieadth of the island, and it wlU iJSvSa intoSS «L! A'"*r*»'j^ to the Middle than into 8 fathom. rburyoumlj 8toLK^Sf.^»!lJ;K*'2?i?J! *^'''*' into 6 or 6 fathoms. The anchor;.™ in wSt^ft^ ?„ it^Sl 2 r'lt'*'^*^^* ^?'°* Headfiarbour in abont 6 fathomsTlhe wSt Roid ^iJ. !.!&* ®m *^'*"''' *."'* *«» abont 8 miles aoutb-westward of I.,i kintXere Z mav lie JSJ •^"'•jT'h. westerly and N,W. winds, in i^ut i^ otS hSbrml^J^^^ thll'^ ^"^^^ ^^"^ »d ffl^s an excellent pUoe f« landbj an5 d^tLTfish OW is^aJ^TP-*"* . the northern end of Fox Island for the same pSpSe' SfthnU *^ ^'^.u** Ihe East Boad lies between Fo» Island and thn muf .k»». ^^ w.«ag mem. ishould keep'th. high blnff head; whffJaStatStt the E N E o^'th^ •*! ^? bearing to the southward df S.E. by E. * E.. iSlTelsthmi^ i^ l''*1* y;.J;;:rii^vXtiaX«s^^^^^^ abrefcst of a bluflFpoint abo^ the island. Smed KS PoL W S** ""i" ?•." •"* bestanchorage witT N.E. winds.in aK miJom^itorfesiteri'^^^^^ Bay between the Middle Ground and the Fox's Til brin.r €^^a^^» ^^ ^"^ ^t\ the S.W. p4,intof Fox Island; this mLk^IiSXpl^tSlSllfXTi "" f/fShot^wIter!'"*."" "'"' ' *-'"*• "^ "•"»" " beS«i{^:in'^f.SSTt; the'sj s'lissni^i^srisi^i^c:^.^^^^^^ rr?E'?i2r ^**^*' oareM to avoid the Long Ledgl The land ^tween 7 JI^Ij* C,^}f^^ ^« in er«gy barren «"•. Auf^™ thelS.^ Si B^T^^^^ by the many idands in the mouth of it, particularly tLth«««*J^^/i^°'^ Tweed, and tearl. which are nearly of eyTE^ht 5th the W o^tf.^"*™"^ yo« are^bp^nd for Lark or York HSbou2. whiWe oTL ^fcte^^^^ .1' ww'IfiS*" *^,'2L^T"^'™'' •" »»«»»~nO««™»e"l»aKdthe8outfei^ both of wUah are bolAto| tut with southerly, and 8 W. inndSIR»«-«k -^. ♦ ■^• »he8outh%ad,leato»'ind sudden giwtoof wlJ.SSSE2SftJ^'»^uf'.f land, Under which you eanaot anchor wiA B^fetr. TheS^Sif^^i.^'" ,*V '**«'» by tke diibient islands^roufh wWch yoTiSay MttTnto o? ^?lf^l°°u ' '**T*^ being no dangj^but what shoS? itself. eSptrg riSuJL of L^^ l^^^T half a mile north-eastward fh>m ti«>brthern sSw hSa W^ *»•• Shag Bocks in one. If you brin^ wSS 8hS l2Lk!^«^* "I'u "^^.^ *''* no^ Shag Ropk. you wilf go cl Jte thTc^SS M^Si^V^'l^^' j«fest passaije i^ this bay fiom the northward* is betUn ^ *"' ^then between Tfeed and Pearllslands. * '""Hniwen I thOitwo Shag Bool f T^?i^""f^ K'P*^ *® Tortoise Head, which is the north ooint of Ynrk k«?». Md dje 8.E. jDotot of Lark Harbour. th«/K>une and disuSSWiriv R Ht W^lS^' ^ . ■ York Harboor liea' W.S.W., nearly a league, from Tortoise Head. Th-.* .-♦.4..^ ^onOiW loom betw.« the ^,,43 &om^ % PE RAY TO CAPE N0R|rAit> 'Mm \\ It yoti must aroid a shoal runninif off from a loir beaish .^lior's Iriand. pamed SmfFd FiinU Thew in aSo , tot's Idand, wbieh muat a^ t wiltkad dear of it in ^ best anohoring ground is ii Tortoise Head open of Siro Fwitb great Tiol^^oe i^entranrajtiftl at about the neiM^'puint of 0< just touoDing Sword _ b^rtb: passing whiohj l|«aoh on tbe main, ' ^esterljc windagUoilr h " ' 'd«3lli9s I off fWmi .Harbour Idi , from QtieniMy Idabd; mng/ ThtflUver Hum.. ma tkt stream is'soirapi^gta^me pki mth grmt diiBeuItj tjiat «^|4 bokt ,« *n) Well olothed with tin||i^d forQ SoilthA«AaMkb«tb I Nd^oTEaP Idand. ;13 whom water. Uiid^r tbi BlveMsuml Woo&Har))^ « wit||^ the - •botit4>l|llgU( ~ the oafiieut.^ eat Mdittoni pljMo; iinflt tot -,,^^ ^ toci, beifMoIes narroir ^p.'to a lake; that Hrm The banks of " ' Ihe bay,^i^|ihiehmaa^ €)Ore, »holag« in from .< M, .„ JSZ-TW* * litUeomt% outside of South mtA; ■wordPtoint^'wGpwnor's m^iB an exceUentplSfor i^ ii,a~t»Sr^^«**?.*^f*%***7 *•» Sf» «md distance ai» nearly G^16n?^!;^% ^^ taad near tl,e shore. fhjni^^wShlSS^Soljaw wbeto ther^ we fropn 86 to 30 tkthdm water. la saUing into the eS^ tl!n ^i V There is a snog eov« also oIom within the ndrth poiiit fathoms water. In gailfng in or out «fB*nne Bat; wit- near the weather shore, lest you should happen to be b< l»»y gnsto of wind; as tb* deptl of w«e*^too giwj At 10 radea te tbei northwatd of Bdnna Bat id ' ^ wtuoh, about te||Muart*rs of a mile, is « « ■ ?r*?- ^ByomMHiwi is tow and whit» and Hi Majtf^? ' ' " i* ^ — — — "^ - — - ^tb AnebtnvgiB fn 6 or 'N liW. winds, eoaie not . br diottid meet with it of Yottr andhoriiig, ^high and white; 0ff ' WhefeoQ the ,^ •'•!»▼¥• ITORIrl *ititth aide ef Broom Poij •hows MaeMf^L.^ « «,wm *-, ''•^ll'^JU*'^*'''" *** off^ore winds) but it OOV^ ri^D Ita aboot/milea to tha noithUn leaioffy^ wfakh baa tha «)ipMu«&M ^aq fddM, ^ MMk that iddom. of St Paul, whei«& I te the sea. . of St Paul ; tHs^# 'toth^ttainmly^^ \ CAPE; RAY TO CAPE M0B1£AN. H trZ!^ -T.S^\^'^'*V"'^- >^"* thwe^uarten of » i^e off tl^ head lies Steering Iibiid, whtoh is low and rooky, and Is the onlyisbmd on the eoS betwMn the Bay of lalanda and Point Bieh. Cow Goto liee^on the «oa£ .idHf S?J^?f{ *^ '?*P'i?*T,^* S*'*.'^ ^'""^ ^ ^ 10 t^thoim*. sheltered fiomnortherif and €Mteriy winds. . Shallow Bay lies on the north sideof Cow H^ad. and liMlrMZ auffioiei^t for emaU^Tossels. At the N.E. side of the entranoo irTdiustePof i^Srr islands, extending KN.E. and W.8.W. : and at the W.SS^ 2d? iStio LmkS ' J^ir»?f!t!l*"'*.*lw*'' fJ'^.SenenJIj •ho," themselves; tiiey li* a eabl«^B length from ^lie^oF^Md tkere is a ohannel iAto the bay on either sid^f them. Stee^ ii^^^^JH^V^^'^ ^.^^' ""^ y""* »•' P^ '» ««» either side; bat oomTSJ too near j" If-E- end, as there are some sunken htekB extending from it This is I considered the l»est situated for a fisheiy on aU th»>oast, aad thIgroimdaaboK envurons are eiliinently produistiTe. . «• . . "»»»«owobiw • • ■!'?'^*!**"*"*.P^F"^^*»™' ^^^' the northem point «f IngrwiMboix BaT.\ S.*^* abore- 60 mile.. N.E. i E. from Steering Island; all SwETbetwS^ SSLhTunY^tH ^ -f P"*"* of Ingrtnaohoix'^Bay. th'e oo«T foS J n^^ !!!J^?£.3 *1*"".L*"A°*^*'' ?'•»»«>»»« fro" "award, though veesels may hm and there anohiir, with oflf shore winds. ' • •» "'^'" ""•/ •"«» '«.iiS"f ' ^'l?^ *"S S'^'ri"? Mand, | a mUe inland. ^tmSds Portland Hill, so namfd from its resemblan^ to the BiU of Portland ih the English Chinnel; th* *PR5!^^ ** **" *^ oontmoea the same froda whatMwr'point it is view^ ^ § OBT SAUHDEMJ^AND HAWKES «AilBOuS~.E;i;i£Sd wfthiB. •nd to the eastward of Ingreitaehoix Bay. »«f»i«i w^oib, Keppel Island lies at the entrance of Jngrenaohoix; and though at sdiatedee it as into Port Saunders, th0 island wiU be left on the starboard side, and when you are 4» ""'•'"»«■ the enfranccancWin 12 olf 14 fkthoms. Vessels proceeding to the hnd of the harbour mttst W Uio port shore on board, to avoid a.WgiS>Sks tfastMes nearly in n^d-channel. Port Saunders is oonndered the best harbour for Vnnnnls bound to ths southward. -^^ . imwuw The entrsnoe tb Hawkes Harbour i«i^ths southward of Keppel lelsnd. The sti». 5^K?^""/'*i!'"*^ wd has a kmd^k. stietohing along thelaiidi snd running^ou^ ?rt-Wi? I?"* f "^* **'*'i.* f /*^/*? «*' '*»'»•» *^«' •« 1»» ''•*«'• The cruras. in is E.S.E., keeping ne«er the Island than the main, until the eastern end of the former, a loir sandy beaoh. bears N.E. by N. or N.N.E.. t)ien rteers!8l.?E?forI smaU i^d you will see situated fsrther uptheharSoor; k«eping the port skueweU ^ oaboard.ron direst for this island, and when jou have teoStthliSSiXt»£ ^jS^^^St!"^ the harbour, you wih then be bsyond thi £Sd?t,und.s3ii? anehor ii^a3»l^inB water; or else run within half a mile«f the ^aU idand. aal snohor there, which wUl Ifti mors conTenient for both woecl a»(| water. HUsfa ti»e best barbonr for ^bips bound to the northward. The laad:raiiBd about tfaesa ^"^,J» 8^!^l^J ^^ •^ *>oftfed mith mood. You may »^ uy "^r land on Sis^ S . " 1lil'lg ai&'. *qJHWff Miff thence, saA wHy, takps an inward direction. \^WH»»in|^pLoiijga northern side, you wiU meet with Port au Ohoix, !???*■ y?* W^%»C*i*f»og a ship of burthen, mooring hesd an4 «tom; to ,ml in.TOtt should ke^f ths itsrboard shois^n board,iuid anchor inst ab«^TsmdU SS iWfci^ -r*^ ^ *^ ^^^ ^ this^SSsr^affirait S* -^ which 1&. . itt^ the north-cM^twHH. th«n,iit^^w^»qe»^}Mo,m4oriS^, OM P e rt m Ohm. liw to Ills essiwaid uf h^ Owi} te totwfttU but'ihfa hmtk>hii? T_Sj._ 9 « •%.. .. ' /•A K-JuT- -T'* ^2^ ^r, ."^*" . "»* «»w«>o»ci » ussmauiratSMSiisrtjolir* S!S?i!f **• •»*^'* « i"!^. »•««>« Harbour Isknd. and oi|>ls western aids aoms wcks above and under water, jbpre is alM^Sn0ls» island IJriag B.N.B» hV^ dis. f!^r^? ^JH^^S HvH?I'i»««l. sbSk which ars sevet^toctk cites sTwUch •tNtoh out towards Harbour liliad, tiisrabr aehdsriag «bs bAssm bskwsM tlM» ''■%»#(^' •»rtIi-«Mtom point of the Uhitdm^rthTJu^'T^, *"**" <»f t^eWMid, give the of Btuid and mod nme a« ilcmg iT ' ^ *^«'»»^«t!»e.tarboata »ide» for aaho^ EiSTtothTiJSijrS^^piin?!^^^^ ty Point H mites ill tongtb. and If biwTand hL Fw fe^s J**^ o!*H* '•^- J°'»«'»' •'xwH , on its •outfc-weStern miBin^^mhSb^£,v^^''} H inite8Trt,m Point Rich," too mnch expon^ for ehippi^'i^JS-wTtorif J^S?"''**^ for the ebd-flrteir, bat Id^nd, T.«eis may lie much m^SJiS in^i?^'*?!**'*'*" Hand Ona^aS from n^ wfad.; ud thi. ig SnridSSto £ the onlt iSf "" Z"^' Wd ehTlter^d bay. West ftom St John's WanTrKfiSi^iSwlrf^l^t^'?*'^ \ water at its southern end. ThedhmtS^tw^nt ^!v^''*"^ l?^'»» » ««'' •»»»•. \Wto85ikthomsinit.itadthe.ho^iJK2M^!: T$°)!.*?^^^^ from Hat Island, distant a leZ^iSd^^^ V»"^ of the Twins an aeVeral^tered J^fciX^**l *'''*"* the«r.rf^e west-" fm hare dMp wat« BonndthTStSTnS^oK^'^'^u^T'^ »«/ I««*«<»«» Juid i, very high. ai>d there i. Se lle^^e? JfS^ll* ^'JT "^ '^^ ^^ ^'^^ jMgBnnis and sMOIow. therefore seldom frJ3™nl^-^'£** !^** *°. '"»»»»■'• h»y » rooky shoal extends all the wmrS^ioi^:^rJiI^^''u^^^"' P<»*°* «f*i? the shore. ^"' "* ^omk; JetoUe, stretohmg oat 3 mUes from of^^L^f^bSlSn^ef Af 1? ^^ Bioh/distantM miles, it.is •een f^m a distance. Its nortrera Som V iJ^^°* «t apnear like an island when .^ eaaUy be known by the adjS.nTUte'teid ^ 8 ° 'r«K '^ T ^^ ''^ *'»*•»•»' **" ' -^^llo.fromtheiddleof''tte'^n^7t . iIi.r5rov:?t Wn;„*Slr;?i%i-, £• ««»-«» of the point, and is ,„ita the northerly Winds, aSdhaJJSiL^o^t^^^^^^^ Itis qnite op5n to ^ ST. MAR(JARET« BAyLiX .S^lj^'^ll^'^* ^r'^T'^'*™ '"'otbe^^ faleta or eores, affotdbig good »X,Z ^J^^jf »l*«?dW5ithin it.Ulso Tarious the bert «toatio» for «*ips>riog mWeJrS^JanlL*'" 'intern side, which is «nd waterings On itfrbanks V» MmS. •«?«?. °*^' V^ oonrenient for wooding fresh watek' Dog Ish«i whS KTvS^liL^Ti? E**"^' "** ""^ "^"'ots of Point FeroUe k^ SlStti beSJ hiirtor t^n S?^ i^ *?^''' *" **» *»«oastward of jrh«n8eenfto,^oelS?a5™f aySSnS'Sh^^ it has the appearance. ^ OLD FKEOIiU:.-*«rolte iSndlS '2^«'* T* * *^*»°'* '^» t2em«n. Wand. This f sited lies pSuieir^he^?o,?^5 i^^u \ 'l* •""*''•"* °f ^«« whieh is veiy good tocl t^^^^Z^S^:^^,^^'' *•" harbour of Old FerolS PMsing to ti^^i^^U^t^CdH^Z*" ^11' '* *•■? ®-^' •"^ »f the ielant « yojTar. within itjllri op RK E iS ^Z^""^' whwh is bold-to. As soon Iribmd.in8or»liahWgoSinS oSil!^^^^^^ «f ^•'o"o u|» aa/whei* along the iSSrZV^^l^^^u^^'r^^^'°«^''^<>^<^ *hmof. TlMw«;faom.UttirislsndJl^;^t^/2l.°'''^^^ on the AotlAs .«.«,me led«« of rocks. aZS Sl^*^' "2** ofYerolle Island ; and BAY OP «T GENEVr^p "^ice^a small flistanee off. \ J^TrfiJSe c?nr;KlJE::7fS?es '^^^ Island it i« north^tward7ab;u St^et' -SL "^ *° ^^l" *<** •"** »f C«'«»» and beioif tUabay. only tw rf whiSi aw of i^ ^n 'f^'t •"•" *''•»<*» 'T^n^ in mantton^i Onrrant IsSid is thA »n>^k.!!l!i "A?""'*^**^''!* ?«tw>t.''> Theliefew. inuJeiate hi.lgh|..ittd^al^^iri!'!t?g ' S ^^"^ ^^ *"J t helifWHt: — pointw itaafa inuJmmU. hi.l8hClSld;: hgayaU yth ? E N E o f ?t■ ^7 *l ! !g '*"P - — - - Mjrii; butnothigh; and whin,raM to tlfe w«t;i^Vn? 1^ pofnt will app*ar Tho othet. named Goottbeny ttand iSLnLTwJ^ "/*h.*' "PPS" *»**»«* *^ weat point boars from tbe'3.irS^?r?:2L^'£lLS 3» ; , CXpE ray to cape NORMAN. > \ 67 (Jooartwry Itland has • eross on ita aW. end. from wWoh noint m l^aii^r .^v. ■ Si. hi»^. ^ ;i.T .r^ the S.W. point of Currant Island. The best ehannal intb^ 2««!? iti!?^ "^*''** Ijing'S S. W. from them near to the south ehor^. lithS SiS^^B* 5w^ ;^ S"fe u"*^ you come the length of the before-ment^onS H^betS7tfc?ltj wlir«d*i*° '^^ .southward, and bring 8t Generle^ uMuoesween loe email island and the main, in order to avoid the MiddlA RmV^ You mar either anchor beWnd the small ia^d,in?otefSSmnwtLtoT^J^ 5r&« "J *Vr?rt''' """^ '?°*" **»" S W. am is ope;. wdSiln theffito wiSiK^* "J^**^ ® u**^*"". '^'^ ^««* «d water may be pr^uiKS* Tberl ftSiTfcfiL^' BARBE.-From tht^ west end of burrant Island to St Barbe ,?1?ir V J^°*f. '•, F'^^ ^"i* 9"^' "d from St Barbe.Point to AnAor pSSt •* fl ^NrE' nearij 1^ mil*. Between them lies the Bay o1 St Bwbe whieh nm. he;if Jie*Xf r'¥^^*''.?'P»'"*-. Tosailin.VveA;iSlfoKtra ih!^ ToJ ««J?L S:»i rS^'*''* *° '^^f.** ''«°k««» «>cks which lie along that !S'.J 1?^" ^ *•? *° *****" y°^ <*» discover the entrance into the haWwiir which « very narrow; then steer soutb^ keeping in the middte of the ehannel. wd fTthom.'^*'-" y? r ^*"*.**« two ^int?. fn alimaU civron the i^Jt sMe i"S fathoms water, on sAnd and mud. quite lai& Jocted. Near this olaoe bSffloh «nt h^ •rmM>r nvers, one named the South, and tSe other the Ewt; "hflatter hi Jf^ho™ .Jf*?" *'^.P»rthp*rt of Flour Ledge to Grenville LedW. the bearinir is E hv <* SSnlS^nV ifc?"*^«^i'" *»«»* *''-*»«»• oft mue^bTN £;«^t2; C?v?^S1?in/iS*"^!Ilu^^t' ^^"T^ ""»•» "•» Seal Idands lie Jto N^Zles! ha?i m£ kU^JE'Tif '"1.*° *••• 1»Mtw«f of Mistaken Cove is Sav^p Covi, whicli " f^^rw^«-wiR7Sn5"5^^ •'""-'•^ ^^^W^^^ AMs S 1 miS^ u i?** "*• f *^"* «»«»^»*rt»« <»f • mile fWim th> msL, is twS it W ftSt^ i2ft'/7.?*''i!?^ wmwr. and .gwe.bl*incolo„\ to tienaS th«eaSil3r«?l^ !^^ *'^ **u' **^. ^C^H ***«?*• th'^e-fourths of a mile to w« «tMHd. on which the sea breaks in bad wither. Hiere ^re 4 or 6 fatb'bma £.Z?n S^*ir" !^'»?1^^»^ *!>• »•»«. where ships^i^W. if ne- Fnttn^hi. r,^-^'^U'"«»{ wid going in h«m the eastwi?. keeplhe mrin on iS aSita J7i?ti'^°«f MiTaistonee is about N.N.W. and S.S.E. U league*.^™. fSL o^^''S**^P5^ °! *•"• Straits of Belle Isle. * ^^ ' ''^ ** iE?-u^ ^*°^ ** ^o**^? Ho** *»»• ^"Jng i« E. * N. 8 learues • between tbeM ^ i- 4|^lt^ on the coast, but Jo the «,utVia.ti5,d of W; H?d"'.^rB.t3 «e •t • CAPE RAY TO CAPE NORMAN. 5jjH«*o«r. w^ .„.u ,^u «.d boit. m.j lie Te.y secure, *ce.pt with N:^ *'f^^i^°^^XlilMttl^^^!?^fS^^^* Held, and is the northenunost point •f M3irasHiiri*§d'ip^»''"E '»if . *«-i« «-io»'ih. Unit - Oaptain Biurfield Mvg • "•TlmiiiiiiliMdililiti tt • S^id T«iy Uttle Ateistai^e «Wi^?R^nl!l(!— lif^ ** *"«8'»1" *•»« th«y , >v, Mi'-^ -i «d it i.^m mo^pSL" thl'^^^^^ W'*"^ ~niinaoa. through the . ig«»rou8 Flour I-Hige "rffe NSkdlSr. 1" '^*'P T*^ ''**^" « ««»"«» of the ^j>«rt of the 8t«iL T^ J««.j?!.? r ''*"^".""®' oppo«to Forteau Bay. as iu anr wmetiinesof r«ok.w4i (JheJTof «nd^^w? ^"T*"?"* "the depths, being togs occur wUh 4^ wothwly i" eiSu wtt "?$"' P^» of,«o~»: or gravef *• S.W. wind ; ^ia oXwhen thfJffi Tf fc "u f***' *" fnqiAnt Ukewin with «k»r «ather ckn h?ifiy «SoSd T^ ^ ^'^ ^'""^ "^^ '^'^ •»* ^^ ^ .bfSj?^,;bui1f£^^^ SflL'^"'"r '^•*^'» «»'«-« »* the 0^ of L*hP J«, .1 AY__ TTr*^^ t°5 °?od «"»«» from (b« northward alon|| , ■fe- a»B oSaTof iXl^n, *T.T ' ^""r* P« "«^ «>»«• from Jbono olTTrthe-^-^* •" with K,E.aSdi SJ^fSSiT,^,^^°JJr'-. S;"-"?*. «»» iveoidl, August in OM TMrSrSst iheS S^^.fe^?Vi***i" ^ ■*^'''» *»»• *«»«mth of iSS*^**" *^~»**«* .liirtoaeSbk^ netig*. a »uR«it in tha oppoait* direction,^ I T^ ~f««». «P«>Wly duljog the ebb tida. lat the it&«if>n.tJil!^ fm^^Tk^ fSJuT Wh."'£ /^iir".*"*^' *^* ' »- -irttr CSe'SS^Ird'SiToSt beS dark Sd ^J^^% «*T«^. -he had better endeavour to make Fortoau Bay nShilorfc:,!^ -«J" .^?" for the night In light winds or oalms. during £A SS'fili^JftSift^jNS^^^^^^^ PARt n. COAST OF LABRADOR. • ■"^- 4V; YORK POINT TO SANDWICH BAY. is mSJSnS*^^ •" 'S^* **" *'^' *®* ^- fo™* the WMt point of Chateau Bav • it ~J»WMOMt, ftl« from iaUdi to th. •anwud of iL I>al»owim.Sfk. mS Harb6un'tfa« ttrn 1..7 !?^??^ Withm the bay are Henley. Antelope, and Pitti I Sm^-X •' •.•■^'' '"' •' ****'» •» perftotly aeonra and S^^ frSi"*^" *«Ch*t«MBa/Ts bet/een CbatSi TeZlIii^^^A' **•• ""rthward. is Whale Island in the oS««5i? '•" ^••P »•*«'. but no good anchdrage. »itU tod affiJ^'.'S ^ °° the north-western side o? WhSJ *-^„. uw« «b nut. SSho^fS? the fishermen. On the north side of Whale Islindb WhSS G^t fioo ^SBomi wi3«T ' **° ^°* **"* "^ ^«"P'« P** »•"•" i» • ■»•" led^ofa ~ JSnifey Ebrhonr. fnnnail 1.. a*^.^ T.I j i. a^ . . . .. A^ \ >riE Points, the latter ' ranooi at the dis* of Temple Bay. 1 flshin^yessels south . entrance to id,thwe are huta with IauJ?2d£Sli!'^*u"?" *^*^*"* "^^^ of the bay to the northwaid of Henkr i« betweL S^ZtnLl^Z^ ITje pwaage ^injf into both th.«,'httbeaS tod nSfsSttSl Ttor!k!S ^Y"^* ^ ?• ^^f^ tol to the weetwaid. WhalS *!•« ^aiandf. The thoal water extends df to the ve«twpa4 of Stag» hS»aA m a yoAk point to sandwich Bay. 'M Aithoma ; and off to tfa« AMtward of the south-eut Mt»mi»« ^ ■uru.t j i-» - lalixd. 100 IkthomB. B..{de. theae. there !J^ U.^eSHSllhrSSV^S'' ^^* moet of whieh, with S fatbotaia on it lies eiMtlvTnr^iJn- fr*^ '*? *'?*»"<* <»«»«'- ObtMu Polnl to the .« e^me of wLe ffl" airwSj^hi'l!.!ll^ •^'^* "^J the shore on mther aide; the l^ottom ia —Jomaing gradualij to 4 iatboow eloae 41 mod. N 5Vx*1? '^"^J'^'P* .»"* !*»"'• HarbouV bring York and Chateau Pointa in one H.N.E. \ E., and run m on this oourae. wWkh leavea thA flr«» »^-» nn * .v 7^^' right. tiU you arrive between Flat and s3 IdSSa lA^n^A^ ^a'-^T* ** ^* le&; haui'a Utde to the northward. ^S^^ZZ'^^^^J^f^ «f*1*S *l* |md rounding it to the e^tward'^ou euKEji H^ar^'l-o^V^^^^^^ W, aa aoon aa Blaok Book bean Eaat. ehandto y^ ooutm irt N W k/v IT the aouth-weat extremity of the baaaltio oohx^TuSmS^W):^ SIk ' ''"'P ward of Black Point, and you wiU ^ear the BiSw^f gavW ft Hk*° *''! ""^ Continue to run on thia Murae or feadiS maKtUth- ««?* \ *° w * Tf.T?'?- laland iuid the weat extremity of ChaSLJiinK clLLun^"^ °'-^'"** bearings.! W. Then change W «»uS to Hi? or ^Lt!.^^^^ u°"' with the laat-named marka o^ind you iS dew L^hlJ^!^^^ fathom, off Pitt-a Point, and may Jehir wL«^ high, ^nd^irof £Se l^to r?hey S^J^SS JtrSf fonner by a channel 200 fathoms wide, and dearWli. Jr ^nT^fP-^?""!*?* tb. Somd. Old dTm I.te sSSrf jSi^lSSd , "*' " ''»*^ "^^ <>- YORK POINT TO SANDWICH BAY. n burboor, nwr b« TMdily. known by the round hill of the came nsme, 654 foot high, beuing N.W. by W, BfiO fathoma from the cape, and which is the highest land art of the coant. ihe barbour may also be Vuown by St Gharlea lelaodr^tualed a ong. mOe off the cape to the 8.E. by E., which ia high and about half a mOe. in length, with several laige rooks close off its inner s;|de ; outside' of it is Low. Island, to the south-west of which about one nUle, is the situation of- a reported danger, between these islands and the cape is a dear navigable channel. The harbour is formed by three islands, which lie along the east side of the earn. The space in which vessels ancbor is about 600 fathoms long by 280 fikthoms wiae; and the depth is from (^ to 12 fathoms On mud. South-east winds bring in some sea, on which aooount it is not considered a very secure harbour for large vessels, except- ing in tb^ finest months of summer. The south-easternmost island protecting toe bwbour is Fishflake, heti^epn which and the main small vessels may be pernotly seourer in 9 to 10 feet' water, by making fast to the rodis, but this channel cannot he made use of a« mi approach to the harbour, being too shallow to be servioeable. Blaokhill, which is high, black, and precipitous, is the next island, and Spa^ Island is the inn^irmost The channel out of uie harbour to the N.W. of Spare Idand, is intrioAte, and only fit for boats. The entrance into the hwbour is between Fishflake and Blackhill Islands, and is quite clear. The S.E. exti^me of Fishflake Island Spears like the extremity of Gape Charles, and bears £. by S. 1| miles from St larlea Hill. When running for the harbour, steer for the north-east ude of Fish- flake Idand, so as to pass its south'^east extremity at the distance of about IftO fitthoms, steering N-W. oy W., ahd tiSat course will take you through the entrance between Fishflake and Blackhill- Idands, into '^ harboi^dear.of .all danger. Thete are three small rocks above water off the N.W. point of Fidiflake, but they an bold-to, as a^ altio the sho$«8 on either side.be had in abundanoe up this iiilet • _ , MP. unm Mnm.— The north poiot of St Lewis Sound is Cape St Leifis, ' in lat 52*> 21' 24* N., and long. Sft^Al' 28* W. ; it is composed of precipitous, dark red granitd hiDs. At its southern extremity is a small rocky peninsula, and neariy a mile to the eastward m its entrance to Telegirai^h Point at St Lewis Inlet The shores are for the most part quite bdld, and the wM(br is everywhere ektremely deep, often exceeding 50 or 60 firaioms. Nearly in the o^treof die Sound are th^ Miadle Bo^ks, and ftfther in the Biver Islands. In the\fall of the year, a heavy ground swell called tl|0 undertow, sometimes rolls into the Sound from the eastwanl, as far as the iraitnmodtC^tbe Inlet which oomes in tremeiidous waves, often wiUiout lets 80 feet high, proceeds with irrenstible fbree agaiiistthe "^^t is, however, not so dangerous; to boats as the short and it discovers shoals, aa everything with less than 4 On the north dde of. the Sbund there is a small cove, named Fox Harbour, at 1$ miles N.W. from Cape St Lewis, which a£fords seoum anchorage in 6 to 8 fathoms, mi^dy bottom. The east point of the harbour i> low, with several flshermen'a noMM Ott it, iiid hkk 4 ittUl tOOL U thft mHtaWMB, J6ia entrance to so that there is no gH LTor^euum Jm^t^Sl '\«f^^^^y •^^ 80 fithoAs, trance, under the wirtsiS T^foh tS~ j?^*^'^'^?*'' ® ™^«'» from the en- bottom of mud andVtonl? hJ™ w^^if./'f^ "*^« in 6 to » fathoms, oft a this the navigation isTnWcSTbHn? 1™*^' f**^ J" ""^"y «^t*in«^- Above th«, 18 fe«t (?mUes fiSSr^p iL^'Ck fe^iS^^*^'^* not drawing more "Jii-'en?^ When^ningVtKnTerstoiW N^ 'I Sfi '^rt «W% North Hattle Island to the North Um^BoAT/tJljh^'^' ^* ""'*' ^'^ *»»« •bout 40 feet high,) and JjavinTriSn them a Llr i!!? "*'" "'"'* *«gejher. and left, steer N.N.W. i W. for 2 miSs^ «„« .5^ *,f^/'^° ^' '*°«' ~We8 on vour bate, with shoal wir^Sort SlSi^ ^^ISlJ''"^*^^^ ^*^ I"^""*^" (sniall and on your left. ChS^ foS^u^^ loNW Twfl^^ ^ '^V* ^00 fathoms channel to the north% of thi WvTlsl^sTwKi&il^ *'"-^?»'' .""^ ?SiS; Sa tete.^'Seti.^t?'^ Wi*d.t«sist of Kiilmia. -^ . feet higfi. Off the eastside SfSkliiZ?^! 1^° ""* "' **™ •8'»™t9. about 180 -: erhmort of which arthe^ieJ^S^^dSS!?!.'!:? "''*^ ir**' *•'«»•• H*.?"*- «^' • •outh-east end of the sameMand *t tA-^U*. " *>«» a email sunken roptf ofr tUe theseausuallybrei.Xwtj^hlti'drn^f.*?^^^^^^ sm^, V^KlL7nfe"S£gtd"e';Si'^^^^^ a luUTS fl?on\X^ fathows. To the eastwa^ of this is Ci,t W.!^ St T^f'^ "'*," • "'* '*«P"» » "»'«> of an inadequate dZh SwJLr. «d Jom?^k Jj • only for small vessels on accou^ exposed to 6e of mu5h wfJiJ? fr^m STl^"" '^?«f "* '*• ^Bthmiis Bay is too much to Cape Club, off S^ex^s ?? foSoT-^tT' *?i*-£<"^-<^*«£ward 2 miles K*e Islind, aud Mu^li^MS; to entir t frtmS?**'""!' ^^r*"" ^'"'f I"'*^ #. a mileiL tA Siiirf^^isill *t 1:1. ° ' " "e" °t., Lewis Sound, steer WN W I be kepf «" Caribou; flien TroceedTor SoTLroms towJ^i^t- • "^u * T«* «°^ "/ <>™*t \, 'N them, and vessers ought to pass outufle of them West of lh« opan to seaward, and there ai» TSversl islets .and toAT A, ■^-•. breaks on kt Caribo\|- •roken into coves feJ Hnkea,T 4 ■^ ^^ YORK POINT TO SANDWICH BAY. U tbe,Fo«m Book, whkb is the only danger between Battle IsUoda and tbe Oreat Quribou. ^ Battle Harbour islietweeD the Battle Islands and the east end of Oreat Oaribou. It is onlj fit for small vessels, being about 80 fatboms wide in the entradoe, 70 or 80 fiitboms wide within, and half a mile long. It is generally crowded iHth the TOieelg ' and boats of the fishejrmen, which moor to the roolra on either side, and the mtres- 'are covered with their houses and stages. There is a good house and store on Signal Island with a high flag-staff which may be readily seen at sea, and from which Uie , island derives its name. The south entrance is only fit for boats; vessels most therefore appro«cb, from the northward, passing to the west, 'Iv the Korth,B^e, and ■ .th# isUnds lying between it and Signal Island. '..There are two sp%H round islets, thei sontbemmost in the.«Dtranoe of the barbotv; tb^se may lie passed dose on either side. This harbour ^ secure during the summer months; but if unsafe in;<|he fall of . > the yeai^ from tbe heavy grtiund-swell before n^ntioned. ST. ILE WIS. CAPE has been previously moptioned. Just 'round tbe capo is the entrance of a spall jpve, named" peepwftter Sound, which ruqs in €.W. ^ W. for hal|'^ '• a milejind is very Jiarrow, but has from 20 to 40 fathoms wi^jin it PETTY HARBOVR— From the northern part of 6ape St, Liswis to the iodth |head>of Petty Harbour Bay, the course is about N.N.E. f ^;7 distant 1| miles,: the ahprejs are bold and lofty. The) entrance is 1^ miles wide; and tbe north point' bea^ pom/the southern point N.E. by N. T^e bay runs up nettly N.W. by N., fiilly a miljs^ f having from 20 to 40 fathoms water in it At the bottom-of the bay is the barWur, ' this entrance to which is to the northward of a loi^ point of Iand,^sbutting the har^ ' boiir in-from the sea, sq as to make tome difficult in distinguishing its utuatioii ; it is not above 50 fathoms broad at the entrance, with 5 falfboms mia-cbannehaJQd 8 tclwards the*'sides; but this narrow passage continues ohly a short'way. Having passed through the pamage 'the harbour opens wide, and vessels will have plenty of ;: room, and may anchor in any part, in.frpm 7 t6 12 fathoms, laud>Ibcked. From the iiorth bead of Petty Harbour Bay to ^oint fipear, tfee iwurse is N.£!. i N., distaut 2-^ miles; and from Cape Lewis to Capa Spear, in uMrly the same, ; direction, 6 miles;, between tbe.foitaer points are Bwren fil^ and' Spear Harbour. i ,re^. li^yy in the nriddle of the entrance, also, are two islands^^^ose Uf each ; ' iMhwp^tO semn but one ; these ^re steep-to, and ships n^ay past on either side of theofi, - .jn 12, li^ and 14'fathoms, anchoring within them, in Queen's Road, in 16 fathoms; but • • ito tho south wand pf. these islands you will find|the widest passage, and most room for * ■' abips to work oat r . V^l The first and soutb^nmost of these three harboors it iSppbia Hafbour, ruoning in . fr8.S.W., about 1^ milfs, with from 10 to 16 (ktbcMMS water ; it then trends away, round a |IoW' point to the eastward, and becomes mucfaCvrbider ; i| is tbenctMiboal water, and •>Snly fit for small y*SseKi*-, . ' ' » . '. \ ■ - .. ' Port -Ghwlotte is the middle nkrbour, and fit tj^i any ship; there is • low flat island / en th ft .rtarbo a wl aid fr df in e atHuw^ - from . w hieh * r ee f • o Cwwh r^ttBaMfei i ^ tlurd'of i, ' ■ ''^ 'f '^ m i^ i' if^ € ^■, T4 rdBK POINT TO SANDWICH BAY. I : I bey itf harbour, when you m^^^di^in li^pZ^^ » »"« «**«« the atTriht^ jrort!^"rj.xt*^^^^^^ the port side, iS ord6r t6 avoid thnidLe ^f rtJ?? • **•* ^"l' y**" "»"" "««•? »«"« iathLs from the shore^ '^ese^ta^'jft^^^ ., •Barbours.^stinSt.S. toSap?St F?^^^^^^ °^ '^' "^^ amile to the westward of the cape is St. S% bK.?;'* «"* * '"^'^*"' "T^^ '"^^ ' though small, and eeneraUv fillS with J1I!S^ • ? ' f f'"'^ and secure harbour, • • , fisheries SrngSSiffiiSvki^t? ?S.l!J^£«*'* f^''« ^'^°' considerabi;*'^ ^ing to-the northwarSX othTSlie ^Zi^twi^ZYvlT V^" l?*^*^"' *"^« directiTWore its entrance: the MuthiLtZc^^^^^^ "«• nam.erf Round HarCy ;TeiwCo^?ri?ff«^^ «hwnelas^uenter3ih7fflSJduXd^^!r'"°^'7"'' *® *^^^ wherryoirare 6 and 3 f^^^ ^:^li^'^ZlZ:^S:Xr'tt''''^' Harbour, you should beware of and «nv« k lu.5»i; ♦« *u . . r" ""^ °t. Francis for a rocky reef nmsoff uT^SS oS N N E? N ' Jnd'K™ "'l*^^ f^f*^ '«'«'•"*• two point; of the harbour youSSu;en;ei;eotvm!?i^tr^F*5'''^^ *^'^««» »»>«> rock.to wWch«o not^ew^r^tha^T fS^J%K: W^^f h^^^^ ' BmaH whi^ ohamMfl, or rather nearer the Btarbwd shOTe'STJ^^fc'L .h« ' *°.^ »'»T» P««»e«i mid^ on each^fde of you, turn ^sSy. «d tXr iHo^^^^^^ Bitnell's Beach; or, up to the cots at Z norSem LtiLiir^f .^^^^ chantman Harbour is about 2 mil^ W 4 8 from si & • ^^rf *^* harbour. Mer- has from T to 16 fathoms^water * ^*- *^~°"* ^'^^ ' " " «°»««. b««t ^'"Pe St. Francis is the .eastern point of an island, between wlii«i,-„;i/i u n o '"V^'7«°.'^^P"«'*«f«'»^*ts.'Uth 4fath^water^Si;k^^.F^^^ a N.N.-Westerly direction, about three-ouartere of r mihf ?o^ *i'- S^" this cape, in with a narrow nffnage between them running northwwS On «^.oi 1 ^?'«^«'' Bight to the ohinneiryou will have deep watef but whLn ^ ^n crossing from Indian shallow to 6, 4.- 8. aij a fathomJ? tZflat will "onSrefor a o^^^^ ^^T ** ^ then deepen your water agaiu to 5 7 10 mT iaT»h^«- V '"?^' °'^'' ""'« • ?"" in this pLe on the ^J^^Se Jf lii£ ^^^ o^fcli Jt^? ^i?"'""^. "^^^^^ Idand. run jthrougb Pearce's Tickle Sto^SeXg' Bight* '*'" northern end of Fo« Thfbtil^rri^1fii\j;i^^^^ '''^«« y°« »*y «fely ride in 8, 10. or flfathoml o??;S.l? iT S^^ X«veral coves, situated along shore, to the northwArd of Ih^SnohLT^ !». 5"" enient anchorage for small vessels. Fresh wX can e?«ilv^Kf°§^"u '"'^ is scarce. The southern entrance to this pS»Ts hItZn ft'^ ohimwA ; but wooS Island on one side, and Hare and Fox wLnSs to tie^gr ^eZiilf^TtdTZ Fi^*^|rcS;J^^?^5f^T^^*-^°°^ ^•J-<» to the'northemmo.r^ t R ■ III I I ii • ' ' -^ \- fatb i Dei ofi C Ha On I anc W. i,; isle goc .] Stc • ^^ YORK POINT TO SANDt^tCH BAY.,. 7S rdf yetiwill ) within the iy giving the N.N.W.iN. loms, but Hft tore than 12 keep nearer d, about 80 be harbour, the head of ."'■'1. course and >f the three nearly half te harbour, ' onsiderabltf*:'' arbour, one , which lies UTow inl^t, oms in th« . 'ds its head, it Francis boil Island, )«tween the maU whi 'assed ipid' |rou will see esdels go to »ur. Mer- small, but nby Island is cape, in wBioh has dian Bight only 2 and IX Islands, )|n Indian age it wiU mile.; yoa\ tly anohoF \ nd of Fox fisheries, •er Island^ r. Thert* afibrding but wood id Jaepbi^ and thehi ind, upon this reef, or" out of bemmost'" Fishing b, Whiod, d, secure ward^on . -— , ;be"> itf idJ--^ The best passage- will be between tbetWo western islands, that entratuse bearing from Hara IslandN. by W. ' There is no danger in this channel, and vesse^pmay sail right through it, in nearly a N. by W. direction, up to) th'e very head of the harbour, and anchor in 12 fathoms ; here there is good room for ships to moor. ■^There are two other passages into this place, one to the westward from the entrance of Oilbert^ Biv«r, the other to the northward of all the Fisfiing Islands ; the latter hiis Tfathomsihrough- out, but is so narrow that^ou will have some difliculty in discovering the opening. GILBERTS RIVER. — Between Fishing Ishuads and Granby Island to the south- ward is the northern entrance into Oilbert^ Rivcir ; the southern and widest entrance being between Denbigh Island and the main : there is also an entrance between Denbigh and Granby Islands. The passage in has deep water everywhere. The course of the river is nearly N.W. by N., for about (J miles; it then divides into two brapches, one running N.W- by N/ 7 or 8 miles,, the other 8.W. by W., abaut 6 milCs. BoUi these branches are full of rooks, small islands, and shoals: but in the middle the anchorage is good ..all the way up, from 20 to 10 fathoms. This river baa passage out to sea, between Hare and the Fishing Islands. CAPE ST. MICHAEL.— At 6 miles N.N.E. i N. from the northernmost Fishing' - Island, and 16 miles N.N.E. \ N. from Spear Point, is Cat»e St Michael, which is high uid steep towards the sea. It lies in lat 52° 47' N., and be8idesT)eing high and steejp towards the sea, may bp kiibwn by a large bay, named St Michael's Bay, to the northward sAbout 2i miles to) the southward of Cape St Michael, is Occ«8ioual Harbour, wBich may be easily known by the Twins, two large rocks, lying f of a mile outside of tbd^-antrance. They are very near to each oth^, and vessels may pass on either side of them ; the entrance to the harbour is between two high lands, and runs iil* W. by N. for two miles, then N.W. by N. ; both sides are steep-to, without any 'dangers ; good anchorage may -btf had, in from 10 to 7 fathom^, ' about 2 miles from the>ntrance. The wind betwe^ the high land sets right into or out of the harbour. , ,. , <-,^^^' *, From Cape St Michel to Cape Bluff thr course and duj^ce are about N.N.Em T* miles. These two capes form the point8:i|p|M^tranflp to) St Michael's Bay. , ST. MICHAEL'S BAY.— The best d|tdbO course is N.W. by W,, 1^ miles. This' is .but a small harbour, but iu it there is Very good anchorage in 26 fathoms water, and there is ua danger i^ sailing in or out \^ \ • One 'mile to the northward of Barren leland lies Stony Island ; an4«within the^ isl&ads, in the main, are Martin and Otter Bavs, in the northemnlost of which is very good anchorage ahd plenty of wood, and no dangw but what show* itMf. - , dUCKHAkBOUK.— On the western side of,S#ny Island is Duck Hiirbour.whitb "• \ is'ver/gbod for small vessels. Lttr^e vessels taay anchor between the west point of ." „• \Stoay Island and Double Island, in 20 or 24 fathoms water, and iftay sail out to sea agaih'on either side of SU)ny Island, in gi-eat safety. -^ „.,.,. ,^ \ > ^HAWKK ^HT.A HP lift t mi '" ♦' *'*h« northw a rd of Stony laland w.thin Hi«»tA f V • ,«vJ i^ 19 YORK Pif f [<:'■ "■» mT TO SANDWICH BAY. the westward a leagues, and then branches into »., « leagues, and the other K by W„ 5 miles : After you are within Pigeon Island there is n arms, lies Eagle Cove> wherein is Teiygood anchorage T. bmall vessels may anchor at the head in Island lies Hawke Bay, which , two arins, one running to the w these arms, are well suppbed with yeij good anchorage up to the heaa\ On the south side of Hawke Islano far large vessels, in 30 or 40 lathoms 7 or 8 fathoms; \' \ • of Htw"BayjS;^^;^X"L';lt^^ ' »««• *° «•« E,by N. PARTRIDGEtBATSfKuL J?t^^^^^ thereJis veiy good fnchoSae but d.-ffll5iXT*^'"^ of Hawke Isfand. In this bay account of a numbJ?of JSSi isLt aniX if^^'u"?'*? ?"" "* acquainM, o£ land h^bout maVL eiSv kriitfw i ^poks which lie before theientranoe.' The hi«h^«5Sn iiie^hTSid Xh^ ?r«^"z"*^*™ ^m^^i^ th^S tteS;l*''^f^J ,%*» «>» m -.d'cie Bt Mich J T^TiT^TaSr ^ ^'^'""' toVe#outhemmobt of the Seal Illands r ipd^sHiis latter ffl/- S?f *!" **""% J° ^"°** ««» ^"'""i " " •bout l*kiu)WVa«fJS5fAi i^^^ this part of the coast. SuSd ffiKI^^f ^S"!.''^5 ?**"»•* •>"**«» the western Jiriof It. FiSm sASfwiSd t^Mi"*?^^^^ N.N.W.JN.. distance If _- islands.^ ^ ■ • ""^ *»«»d« NJ^.^»terly, and is fronted witii isN/i^T,S^ou^SS2td'?±Ar^?^^'^'^^^^ ^^' ♦he course 8^4 milw. Th«B fa tal^i!^ J5^ ""^ '^^ *•»• «<'"'^ "to Shallow Bay is 1^. 4 \ .m^Ul SSrwhi;Xs"ffir"Lff^'J°:^ ^^*^^" ^y* "«» °« dangerVpi I ^ \this rockis uncovered rt low JILVtSu'"^' »???^ntOne;^bini of t^ie bay over : From WhitTSd? to Po™S?«- S!"^ 'JJ®'^ ""•*« '«^ o°\*»>« shoresof this bay. Thisisl^id i8hiX«.?b«Si Sv^**"' !«"«•> NJJ-W.. distant 2 kaguij. Bay. where you w3l have^'iiS^S I^i,"*^ ^^ on either side of it into Porcupine SANDY BAT es on th!^^ aB«bora^e. but there is little o* no wood. ^ bottom; but wbod « eic^Sgly SrSToiJ^l'?^''' 10 fathoms water, on s«.dy. for fishing vessels Betw^ fhY- i.^ ' o*""**"* this would be\a convenient place ialands an^d i?S wbHiJ i^s JL^^^^^^ I-^"* "• » «"•* numbfr pf SPOTTEt) IS f A Srt ilk ;^ iT '^^ , "' ®°"* dangerous. .potsoiiteL\l'^S/%'tfs\teL^^^ part lie. in ^it 88° 26' N Vs£ fh?. f.i °°A*"1* ''^~ ^"«'' "* »»«» northem\ you may saU^nto thirbay bvSb^iJ tVl ?K^i.*'*ro*»*''*^' ^'** ^''^^ B»y ' either of the islands that Ue ffiS^- ^* northward of Spotted Island, and fistween ago in the bay, thrgJoJid he^'roS, n^r"" °^ '^^''^- ^•'«"' » °« «^ ""ho.^ Island, where you STy s^SKS'i o S/*"" are between Level Point and Eagle give Level Poiit a KoJd^S Th« hi/ T.? "**?"• 8°^ ''°**°"' **'^« «•«*«» Island, in 8 or 9 fatho^ S3' »„ JL K h •°<'''*t'**. » o° *« west side of Eagle Duck Rocks, you maVrorrbt^ndthi^^^^^^^^ ^"«'« Rbcks wd you mayrun up and'aSr on the s^u?h ^i?^''^ v° ^''o-^W'ds of a cable's length, or. and bo bandy f?r wood?^ ij wate^i '™'' '*"''' '° ^"™'' Harbour^, '"in^/'^^'*'."^?*-'^^^^^^^ Therelu^somesunken a ral'Sr^^^'^ '^^ ^'^'^' ^- Bma.h?XKrd i, a^'^Tto t ."^^ pTa^ t HiKTi';^Sfom ^^i*;;^^^^^ t?"" -"-tward of Indian Island lies Sand- in this oov^ is to!S7g"c^rcho?iZ"S5 1^°* °°.?* ^^^^'T "''^ °^ *^ «°t'"« )^ fiOioms water s«ndfS2r£?2i^Ltaitr''^'\*'^'' *^*"""*' *° » ""» * point „ good berth, there bdng i lfcf"rJ■fcJ^ '**!«!^ ^V**^" *•"« "^^h . a, cable's length, an"d which runs to th« f«? Jir^"*!'''''* "^ '^'" *•*" P*""* »'«»'« tabij: BAy.~The mth JS^!}* *fi:*f«^ „ ^°*'°""°"?Q'"'*»b*yhw81ethe^trance, bringing the small roek off the point of the entranoe on with the northern point tif Long Island (which lies about half a league to ^he N. by^ W. of Oreen Island) ; they will then lie in 14 or 15 fathoms water, good bottom. Small vessels may run higher ii|^ and anchor in 10 or 7 fathoms water. On the southern side of the harbour is a shoal, lying at a small distance off shore. There is no wood to be had in this harbour, but water is plentiful. ISTHMUS BAY.^-BoUbd the western point of Curlew Harbour lies the entranoe into Isthmus Bay: in sailing into it from Curlew Harbour, you should keep Great Island on board, in order to avoid a shoal that stretches off the point towards the islaftd. There .is another passage into Isthmus Bay, between the western point and a' small bare rock of a moderate height, that lies off the south poiat^of Great Island ; (his passage is narrow, and has 5 fathoms wate^a it Both wood and water may b* obtained here. HABE HABBOUB.— One league to the westward lies Hare Harbour, which i« •only fit for small vessels, the ground being foul, until you are bear the head, where you may anchor in 3| fathoms water, good ground. Hare Island, which lies before the ^trance to the harbour, is high land. The eastern point of Huntingdon Island lies about 2 miles to the northward of Hare Island, and W.S.W. f W., 18 miles from \ the outer Gannet Island; it is of a moderate height, and is in length, from, east to I west, 7 miles. About 1^ miles off the eastern point of Huntingdon Island are Saddler and Leveret's Isles, and to the northward of the latter is a rocky flat. There is a safe passage along the south side of Huntingdon Island, leading to Huntingdon Harbour: in it you may auchdi: in from 16 to 6 fathoiiD^B water, but the best anchor- age is in about 6 fathoBMnear the island ; here you will lay secure from all winds, and be very handy for wooding and watering, there being plenty of both on the island. « SaNDWIGH BAT.— On the S.W. side of Huntingdon Island lies Earl Island, on either side of which is a passage into Sandwioki Bay, whic h is a very fine one, being -J% or 8 miles broad >ind 6 leagues deep, having plenty uf NUOll, and four fine rivers ^ that seem to be well stored with salmon. There is very good anchorage itai a cove on the east side of this bay, and on the north sicle under a high mountain ; from the shore at the foot of the mountain and for about 5 miles to the westward, the sound- ings stretch off gradually from 5 to 25 fathoms, muddy bottom, and are about 8 miles 'from the shore. The passage into the bay, on the west side of Huntingdon and Earl ; iUlands, has ndt been sufficiently sounded to he recommended, though it iSf by far, the widest. The passage on the east side of Earl Island^ is narrow, and, has but 8 fathoms watsr in it. \* V\, ■ ' f, . FBOM YCteK POINT TO CAPE VWHITTLE. PaoaKaDiNo westward froni Yoi^k>,Point, along the Labrador side of the Strait of BeHe IsW, the coast is straight apdbdid to Wreck Bay. \ — "^"""*"' " • " boaw W. i S, 1^1 milwi fwaa York ffoiM, »a ■ ■ Pfc&».^ :. (y *;,| f«-.'J H " i..: -I. t FBOM YORK POINT TO OAPE WHtTTtE. :«• . i'i- .'■•,\ fteara N.W- i N. Then s««er N.W ,1 W fil. *u * ^"^ extrento of Saddle h»h^A l«ya«d and the point «f W^t rt« '♦!i,- ™' *••• ««»t™no« of the bav h^i2« £ 5^? • ftiS T^^o^S^nnel betir^n this rSf ^ Si •.""f*^"''^' •*' ***^^^^^ Harbour lele with tbfe m«n land to thTwe^JSl/ v"?* °^ ^•^ «*«»•• ooi •oon as TOu are through thiiTen^anL !!!^^'^.* " ""'y »00 Ikthoms w wring tiiat (hera i«. shoal ^21.^'^^" ^^ "^'^ Jonr anSonSe L distance <>• of Saddle lalai^'Xl^ Jl"" Jeroot off the J^entneuIanToffnir wSTSi S^ ? °°*''^en,td S.£.Vind3, wfiioh send in ahAry swell, but there is tolerable anohonwe in 10 fathoma<^ff » ftno ewidy beach; to th* west of a river at thftheid of the W. Tlla|^ 18 a rocjcy^shoal ©f 2 fathomtf onevmife N.E. of St Modest Island. - - » From St Modest Island, H ijailei'S.W.iis Gape DUblq, and to the west of this is Iiiable''Baj^ which with Loup Bay, 3 milmi farther, may be readily known' by the andnthe distance is 9^ miles, w J v^ Four miles W.N.W. from" Fofj»auPi»ii^' is a s*»all bay open to the southwa/d, • named St C14tr, whioh affords no anehqr«ge: Off its ctaat point a small low islet and '• reef extend aome^distance; " ' . ' About 3 ^iles "to the westward reealy. Itijift St nnsate anchorage, particularly in the fall of the year, and during ' winds fro^n thil'Weitkjhigh send ^jn « wry heavy sea. It is a mile deep, and l| miles wWe; an4on4profeatlng>)int8tthoheadofthe bay, are the buildings of a fishing < eaUblielNient ' GIosO to the east aide of this projecting point is a ree^i^tocka which'' rank off BOO'fathaitw frotetbe shore. Wood IslaiKd. bff Plane Sahlpn'Bay, is low and barren, and about If miles long : it has some fishing e#ablisbments pa its eaat side. From its weat aide a reef extendia a quarter of a miler ^' • Greenly lalandlifls 1 J tailes-jwiat of Wood l8land,and between them ia-a clear channel Off the ao^th poipt of the ialand, at the distance of about 200 fathoma, ia a . rooky shofd. On its east Sde ia A cove sometimes used by the fishers, but this an< ohqrager, a^ well as th«t under Wood' Tsland, is not good. One mite and kiftit weatwajd of Blanc Sablon Bay is Gulch Cove, a small inlet of the main, Off the (sntranpe ot which there are some rooks which shelter it ; it iaso nar- ^row, that, there is not ro6m fat the-amallrat aohooner to turn abd^it in it, hence the ▼esaeia winch freouent it\are warped out stem foremoat " ■ From Blan6 Sjiblon BaV to Grand Point, the distance is 2f miles. Off it is a dan- •i ffsrouja reef of njoka, 850 £a^boma to the south and west ; and eastward of this reef, for - * ll miles, there are rooks ahbve and under water, extending off the ahore for a quarter of a mile in iBome placed > ; , , Parroaaet lalaiod lies N. by W. ^ W. l\ milea from Grand Point. It ia high, and lees *Mwn half 4 mitf in diameter, and trequented by vast flooka of pu^na. It ia nearly half a miWi from the Ifltod, but there is no channel between. ^ j. Three milea in the sapie direiition (N. by W. ^ W.) from tirand Point, ia the edge of theahoalaon the wJuth aide of L^gea Island, between which iaiand and Perwquet ia the passage to Bradore Harbour. Opposite to the centre of thia iaiand, on the main to the easiward, ia aneatabliahme^t which ia about Ij miles N.N.E. from the weat side • of Porroquet Island., \ ' .i^^^^^"^ HARBOUR*— Bradore Harbour, on the JBast aide of Ledges Island. tnime of Greenly J^nd . » half «f point^open of the west extreme dt Perroquet Island, or bearinJa i W in ^S'^^nl*^ *••• ^'*" ^"^'"^ Ledge. Which Sr S.W. by W.' iS ^jSJa^asO ' *'l^ ^^**°"' n!l^»»«JT ftt>m Toint Jones, on which the houeisJS The ?J£? r '"w"**!'' *?'l?*"'*'*"* ^* eSttremely dangerous. On the we^tside of thS therefore be «roided by the^coiirse above mentioned. Proceed on this course NUEf tiaJonees house l»^n> E.N.E. and the northern islet on the east appSJ &e the Zn^T.^'^ Ledg.B Island; N.E. b^ N.; ihen steer for t?e iKZXg tK ^GuU Rook to the east, and looking out for a small rock lying o^an island on the oppdsito side aftor passing which, the channel is dear, keepinf JuS t^^XTthaa entnnoe of the harbour, when jrou must haul ^arp round to the wistwartf ^ean ?hel"l'°*^ *'^^".h''''Vr, *?*'"r iB-^oShoms wide andlfaSJms ?^ I«1^"^k"^"?J'^"!^^*?'*-^°''''!^>*'^ wiU accommodate but a smdl nSnberS iwssels ; the depth is firom 4 to 17 fathoms^ muddy boUopi. ^- uumper w In approaching Bradore HarlMur ft-om the weeL, beware of the reefe aztendiii^ Aree;quartere of * mil6 to the sXth-west of Ledges WandTwSchmaT^dSSdb J not bringing Perroquet Island to bear to the soutbfvaid of 8.E. by S SSTSms'J "^* !u^"" ^^ "^ f^^*' ^*^° y«" ""»' Pwoeed as before diiwted. " T. lJSrS!K"u*'Tf ■'/ ^I'^'*" Harbour are' the Bradow HiUs. oonspicuoui a^ 5 Si *^ *J*u '*'^*'*'' H°^*? V^* ?*^*- T^V «"»»«' «f th«e wund-b^oked mountains ^l.?i!?? *^'*^''f*^!^* ^"'"'!?' and Point Belles Amours, is considered tTbe ^j^rous on account of the str^gUngrodis scattered abouCand of its exposuwt! . . southerly winds, which send in a heavy sea. Point Bdles Amours is amonid of .*d • . ^ELLES AMOURS HARBOUR.-This hXur Kes to the north-east of Point Beiles Amours the north-east side of the entrance being named Stony Point, from wWdi *tU mi^es 8. by E. ar,, Ae Fiat Rock^ Harbour Point is a bare KhJhSjT^^^^ on thb westeniside. To enter the harbour by the eastern passaira. steer N bv W i W so as to leave l^he Flat Aocks a quaXr of a a^to theSs^tSXp^SSS inguntd you have approached the eastside of Harbour Point. .;n««n» 100 fat^^ taking care. Wever, not to approach Stony Point within a cable's length tC steer N. until ^ou are abreast of the rode above water off the sandy part of WboS Point, when you must haul a little to the wei.tw.ard. so aMo brii^ tS ««t So S Harbour Point and Pond Point (nearly opposite to Stony P^nt)^one XeJthem ' in one. m orfer to roond the north extreirof the Flat, io^ou will fikve 4 Jthom ■v!,^'Vn"\ f ""* ^'^^ tf *""! °° '^^ P""** «•*« within rt;elarbour)^Sw on ,SS W WidT"''''^'!i™^^^P°'S^*? f'^^^" ^»y)' ««« °^» »»»• 1»^ land at^ head, of the harbour, and bearing W. ^ S. As soon as this mark comes on haul t'SiJh'"'^!:* the westward, keeping^ a less distance than ^Xl^Un^hZ " th! iLfi>!l'S'*^T "^u^ y°" *r' '''^ "'iftin the sandy spit, when you marhaaTS ' v^J5!S^i"l*°°''" S"^''*"'' »" fro"» ft to 7 fathoms, muddy bottom. . I^WiS?t'''„^''*r*° ^~°' ^«"'» ^^»" "^d the Flat Rocks, there k a fookr '^*^?JL^"* "'M"^"**, ^° <'°**'^ »•"> harbour by this westerly passage, whiehi. .preferablt^n w^terfy wwd8,^take care not to shut in Stony Point UrindPdnt Belle. d?'*"":Snh'"; f?V'<*'^« Middle Ledfees. which Ue off W&ddle Point. XiuteSSS being 600 Ikthopui nff show, pi;^ Point Bide. Amouw at the diSn^1r2tS % ^' LEv dtheeoMtof tU*.. the eastora side. i^ Itlaods, aa the < •w and verydMp Harbour,, oooting > avoid the ree^ doea not bear to uarter of a mile, f Greenly falaud »rlng 8. i W., in 1 are distant 280 laes stand. The >ut the ledge has west side of this ), and they may ■ ioourae N> i £., pearijDg like the tter, leaving the , a island on the IT the islets thao )r6u opposite the stwara, between. S fiithoms deep, mall number of reeft, extending qr be cleared by S. uhtil Jones's tfte on for eleaiv 'fA. , ';. T«1 of the sea. msidered to b« its exposure to t mound of red i-east of Point tint, from which te hill, 160 feet Belles Amours N.byW.JW., )d on this beoT' - u 100 fathoms, length. Thea irtof Hstbour e east side oif i- Keep them iave 4- fathoms comes on with ow land at the somes on, haul )'s length from u may haul to Htom. lere is a.rooky ofSifaihoms lage. whieh is d Point Belles the outermost . Manoe of 2iM) FROM YORK POINT TO CAPE WHITTLE 81 IbthQras, and keep at that distaQoe from the shqre till you have passed Pond Point; then bear away to HuM^ Point, aod proceed aijs before directed. - Belles Amouhi HarmPnKs afine t>lace, where ft number of vessels may lie perfectly landlocked ; water iggiay'De had. but wood for fue^ is scarce. ' • » At 1 J miles W. ^ N. from Point Belles Amours is Middle Point, with sevei^l rooks vflffit, and li miles farther is f|^ve Leagues Point,\the coast between bending inwards ' *l»o miles, a^d forming a dne open bay named Middle Bay, in which you may anchor in from 4 to 13 fathoms, sandy^ bottom, free fromi all danger. For the first mile in, * the shore should not be approached nearer than 150 fathoms. five Leagues Point is the extremity of a tow peninsula which is remarkable for an isolated *nd precipitous hill nearly 200 feet high, at . three-quarters of a mile north* east from the jpoint. Off the point a reef runs a quarter of a tnile to the south-west, outside of- which, in .the same direction, are the two Barrier Beefs which may be cleared by bringing the south extremities of Middle and Belles Amours Points in one. bearing E.i 8. > To the westward of Five Leagues Point is th^ harboi}r of the same name, wftun is ?uite unfit for any but small vessels. At 8} miles, W, by N. from Five Le^ti^ 'oint, ik -Salmon Islet, which is nearly joined by a spit of sandier Caribou Island, ani off which the shoals exteijd nearly 400 fathoms to the S.E. Between Caribou Island , audtbe main, to the east of it, is the eastern entrance to Salmon Bay, which has bu| 0|^l^depth at low water; the other -entrance is fr6m Bonne Esperance Harbour • V round to the north of Ciiri,bou Island, in which is plenty of water, and good shelter. ; BONNE ESPEBANCE HARBOlfB, conaidered tobe the beston this partof the coast, lies to the westward "of Caribou. isiandJ^ good mark for' the harbour is Whale Island, the aouth-^asternmbst of the Esquimaux Islands, which lies N.W. by W. ^ W., 18i miles from Greenly Island, at the entrance of the Strait of Belle Isle, and is made . conspicuous by a roi^ndish hiUjjear ills' centre, having on its summit a pile of stones, as there is also on almost every one if these islands. Whale Island Dears W.8.W. «i W., 4J miles from Salmon I^t. before mentioned. Between them lie the islands . , forming the harbour, which are very steep, and of bare granite. To the south-west olf Caribou luland lies Goddard Island, which is joined to it and another ielet by shoal • water ; it has a small rock above Ivater off it, 130 fatjioms to the 86u^-west, and 360 fathoms to the south of it is Goddard Bock, which dries at low water. On the othet Bjde of the channel, oppcaite to /these rocks, are thel Watch, a small uncovered rwck, and Breaking Ledgei, which just covers at hji^w^tef. The entrance to the harbour between flie various dangers, ia 460 fathoms iBk with 17 fathoms water in the centre. Beacon Islet; lie^ W>8,W* ^ W^ nearly a mile, $>m iGoddard Isl^St; it is rather low, -. and has a pile ot ^ones on 'it. Thr^quai^ere of si' mile.west of it is Bed».Head, an island bearing E.N.E. 900 fathoms from Whale IsUnd; between them is Fish Islet. To the north-east of Red Head Island is "Chain Island, formed of two peninsulas, and beyond it BOnne Esperance Island, three-quarters Of a mile long and 150 feet high. Lion Island lies a quarter of a q^ile east of Bonn4 Esperance Island, and between them is a low islet joined to Lion Isl&nd by shoal water, but leaving a narrow and ^ difficult channel between it and Bonne Espferance Island. Off the east side of Lion , '( Island is the Whelp ^oek, always uncovered„at 50 jfathpmsfrom the i^mi. Between . this rock on the west, and Goddard and Cadboii Islands on the east, fl^at may be termed, the ipner entrance from the main chknnel'; it is' 400 fathoms wide, and has 10 to 18 fathdros water. , • r , -^ To enter Bpnne Esperance Harbour, from die, leastwiird, with the wind fi;^m the ' east, sta^d toward Caribou Island, and when.?off thi pouth^sfde, at half a mile from it, tfie sduth sides of Beacon and Red Head IsleiPI*c('the rijjrtb side of Fish Islet, will be in (Ae, bearing W. ^ N. BeAr up on this mark, or. else steer WestI keeping the lead going, and a sharp look out for Goddard Rockl You will have ablbnt 9 fathoms at low water„ until past this, when it will deepen suddenly to 16 or 19 fathoms, and then you will be in the channel. Steer immediately It by E., and Whelp Rock will be right ahead and appear in one with the west' sid^ of House Island, which Um close under the main laud|about a mile fro: on this bearing till fkst Bold Ri when you must bear a little east length, aiid then run up W.N.W. . Esperance Islands inte;d^e hM-bour , Lion Islaiid, and has,a hoyse on it. Keep south-west poirft of ^>oddard lUand^ lar Li^n :^ank' and Whelp at A. cable's iiig the inner sides of Lion and Bonne ^' where you please , in l a tn I B f ^ thoma . T I' ^ \J ■^r,: :t: ^_M ^^^^^.YOBX. PblNl* TO CAPE WHITTLE. • y «Tj|r A muddj homm,' Th« whole bpy may l^ eonaidH^i jgbod that it will atford acootuQiodatioa for a Awi WjHHi «■ , from the maio land^ but aot from the ialaDds. '"''■ Jik aa a harbour, and is aoi ' id wato^ may be procured^ u wuu, ou» uut iruui (ae iBiaDOa. <• In oomiflg from th» »«f» »>»»» a weaterljr wind, keep half amUe from the south poiut ?f»\. 1^ ufi***«*T?' ^y/'-^*" *^"«* two4-fatbom danmro; cue. tUe Whale Pirtoh. lying half %naie E by S, frdoik the oentre of Whale lalanS. . ESQUIMAUX' ISLAND?.— These' islands oemmenoe at^aribou Island, anft ex- • tend for U miles to the westvrtri. They are generally bare of trees, and ai^^of aU nzes Md heights under 20.0 feet. 'Tljw form an endless number of ohanneis, which would be impossible to describe ; and off them are seresal smaU rooks and^shoala. nteof whioharefully4.mile8froihthemaialand. * "l, \, ." 'rooeeding westward fr^m Whale Island, outoide the* iilands. 4+ miles W. by N 7?\°?!°°.^.^ outermost o/ the. Fort Bocks, a duster of low' rocks extepding 650'^ fatUfiMliA the^uth-west of Old Fort Island," which island iaof moderate height and liaftieter. Tl^e only channel,thi:ough the islands, between Whafe and Old « js the WhAle'Ohanqelj between Whale and Tent Islands, ilet. at If miles W.N.W. of the oater Fort Bock, is jow, and has a ledge er of a mUeto the south-west- Midway bjatween Fort Bocka«nd Mermot irse in through Old Fbrt Channel wUl be Jf.E. JJN.. with very deep wato^ ^ -way to Ord Fort Bay,, irhioh runs toward the north-east for 4 mUes. 'with- •"to ite head. ■■ ._. .Idand8,.to the weatw^rd of the Fort Boob,' ate very numerous, *id sur. i ith innumerable rooks'and.shoars. There is i^chorage between them and ' jich <»n^jily be |fot at easily by runnipg down with a westerly wind froni Sheoatiw. otoae wwifcthe main land, and in the chann^ between the lattefind the eoattered r(^ka M ftdges which lie off it; where there is very deep water the whole way. of nearli 60 fathoms ittsoimiB places, "'^. .: ' *^ . .^"^»' To the northward ot the Mermot Islands, and eartirard of ' the Dog Islands, is a group o£ rockyWets. named the Aiders. ■ ' ' '" About Si mil^, W.N.W.a* W., from the ^uter Dog |tdcks are two o^ three black ' rooks above wateV,afmed t&e Ptfrpoises. lyiog three quarters pf a laiK from shore. ' tarther oa, in thA same direction, at the distance of 8f miles, is the- Boulet/a small round-backed wletigreen at the top and about 70 feet %h, #hioh.. together with the' - opening ta^tob8ter\Bay, IJ miles E.N.E.*rom it. will ^ve to indicate toa v^sel ite position off the coafJt. Lqjister Bay is completeljfv exposed jto south-westerif, -winder ? It IS abouW4 miles iii, depth, by about 200 fathoms in width, and has 85' fktboms^ at the entrance, decreasihg gradually to 14 fathoms half-way up. after which there is aachotpg*? ^uite tb the>ead, with muddy bottom. '' *^ „ „ At^haK a mile N.W. from the Boulet is Crab Islet, and 4^ miles -W. by N. from it ' are the Four B^ks, huriag within them «he Inner Islet. These are the only islet* between the Boulet^^ and \0hecatica; but;there are many rocks and ledges betw^n * them, and also off- the Boulet, to seaward..; Of these the most dangerous is the Peril Bock, which 18 very small, dries at half-tide." and lies 1^ miles 8.8. W. from the Boulet. It is the outermost and greatest danger dff this part of the coast; the sea. however.' almost always breaks over it. and also ovw the others which lie between "it and the Four Bocks. There is.no warning by the haud-leild in apprpaohing any oUheae rooks, as they are all steep'to. .. ■ v ^*^ T~ » j m»-*uow isi! the wt deep .. ^The 00 rounded the main,' ■<► \-. TROM YOik POINT TQ CAPE WHITTLE. island, M MiBtahoque Uur- ittom of mud. Vessels mftjr . between the eut point of loms wide. Half a mile to the farther Diver Islet, having on east, '' AboM a mile to the eastward of Lobster Bay is Bocky Bay, on the eastern ude of whiob, at a mile within the entrance, there is a sn^all oove frequented by the fishermen, who anobor in 6 fathoms, muddy bdttom, apd well sheltered from all winds; hero tbare 18 a house and stage. To the westward of Lobster Bay, distant 8^ miles, and very similar to it^is a *aight and narrow inlat naB|| Narpetepee Bay, whiob runs up to the north-eastward «bo(||4| miles, J^tffcii^B shelter, being open to seaward. About 8i miles W.N.m tromai|^^Bi^B|Mntica Islaqid, which has near it, close to Xfae main, the la|Ud on|^^^^^^B|hioh is the bay of the same name; this hav runs inlaaR H^HI^^^^BHlk ^^^ ^^^ ^7 fathoms water m the centre, decreasing to^ir fi^^^^^^^^^^^tO the rooks. Half a mile from the bead is anchorage on mu Opposita the mouth of the bay, hour, haviif^ a depth of fifteen to anehor in less water (about ,12 fat„„~«j the bay and the island, but the ohannel .*i| westward of Mistanoqua, is Enter Islet, and uppwuwino larwer ^ivtir it the southern side a reef, which runs out to ihe distance of 130 fathoms. These ideta are low. About 4D0 fathoms to the N.W. of them tsjt group of small islaads, forming > witl^ the otiiers the western chani^el to tbo harbiiur, wWoh is quite dear. There is nodling immediately outside of |lhecatica,A'Mistauqque, Enter, or Diver Islands; so that no other in^truotidns appear to be requisite than to run through the centre of : •ither^hanael, as may be preferred. Nearly 7| miles, W. f 8., from !Sf istaiv>que is Shag Islet, which is very remarkable, being small and high, with a round-peaked hill looking green in the middle, and is an excellent guide for poking Mistaboque from the westward, as the Boulet is from the ea8twar4.' There are many rooks to the S.E. by E. of it, the outermost of which, the Shag- Rook, is 2 miles distant When three-quarters of a mile to the southward of the Shag Bock, the south point of Shecatioa will bear E.N.E. 8 miles off, and this course will tak^ you a mile to th« south of the Three Books, lying midway between ^'theiQ.' The coast hence to the sottth-wesWarjl is broken into Immensfe bays and inlets forming islands of moderate height, aiid partiidiy cbvwed with moss. The outer coast 18 lined 9i|h small isl«|i and rocks, ijrhich are very difficult' to |«ms throug[h ; while within them there is a great depth of irater in the Intrioatfrchannels and bays between the islands and the main. • / ~ ■■ , ■ ■ ■ CUMBEBLAND HAHBOUB, fdrmed by Cumberland Island on the east, and puke's Iriand on the west, Kes N. by E-i E., about 8 miles, from the outer Shag shed hf a remarkable high bill on the main land, it. having steep cliffs looking like walls f this hill from^the entrance to the harbour. The islands higlfi the eastiarn one making in two round biUa. ■ betireen the Shag Bock and^ythe Three Bocka, ..... — _„^ ..«„„«„„„„„. *..«.^. and ^.8. W.^ distant 2J miles. In sailing into this harbour there is, no dangerjbut wha^appekrs above water,. excepting a small rook. wUrii lies S. by W. rather taiori) than half a mile from the west point of the .-entianM.; The entrance is about/ 200 fathoms fide. As soon as you arrive within ita oiitffr pointa, haul qv^ar to the Western side, and run idong it to the inner point oii ^hat side, bearing N. by W. \ W. about three-quarters of a mile from the outer east point of entrance. As soon as /you arrive there, youmay haul to the eastward, and anchor %ber« you please, in fro to 7 to 20 fathoms water, over good ground. This is ap' excellent -harbour, the best And easiest of access on tiiis coast; and good water can be had in plenty on the east side of the hait>our; but for wood vou must ffo up to Sheoatica Bay. I ^ Sheeatica Bay lies 8 or 4 miles to the nortbeastward.of Gumtrarland Harbour, and runs inland to the northwaiyl niany niiles. It has many islands, branches, and narrow ,erpoked passages, too intricat^ for atty one to att^pt who is not perfectly acquainted with die navigation of the coast. 5 , ■ SANDY HUlRBOUB.— This harbour Ues N.N.W. i W. 2f ifiiles from Shag Islet, and is sitoated on the soiith side of Saitdy^Islsnd: To saU in, pass to the eastward of ^ ^e Egg Bockq, which bear N.W. by W. If mUes from Shag Islet, and keep, the star- ooard point of the bay (which is the west extrenae of Duke's Island, bearing jfe.moK Bock, and may readily be distingui appearing like a castle at ita summ lies northward, nearly S^. leagues. , forming thb harbourHara moderatelj -The harbovir should* be approaohf '.which heit from each other E.N.' ^^H 1 mn IH J 1 * ir \ \ - 1 '^H «. / '- ■ . ,- ■ ""' . - • ." -• . ■! ., ■ '. * ■ 1 ■ . ; ft ^ '.- "^ - ■ y' - . '■ ■ ■ i ■* - «a -Jr. ..-: ; ' ,' \ • '^^'^ ' 'm • .1 ■ 1 - iv " 1 -■ ^ -i * « Ik r \ ■ ]pt ".:■ If*- '--■•.. . \ • ■ " ^t '■-.' ' ■ * Iv ''.,1 * ■ ' L- 1 ./".■J ' ■ _ n . 'T ■. -— ^— -— , ^ . ■■'.■,«^\- -;■./■ •-W. ' '"""■■" ;■ ..*v v*:<^. V IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) > - 1.0 SSiNlii i'-25 iu; 116 Unisys /.. .-A. ' l( rhoto g raphic ^Sdfflices Garporalion li 'r< ■f -^ w 3>^ •i> 79 WKT MAM STIHT WIKTn,N.Y. I4SM (7l«)t7»4S0i '^ ,/i^ ^v -■:.:■■:,;;■;:■;,:,, • t-: . : " : ' / ;;•.■■;/ • - ■ ;/ , !fc ■ • , « » ^ -3' .-/ >> -V ^ ,*, ■ •>« I I -:i I I 84 FROM YORK POINT TO CAPE WHITTLE. ipui htir a mile from the Egg Books,) on board in going in. You irill t^en aee a small nek abore water, to the noruward, lying oyer towards the east side off the entraooe of the harbour, and whieh too may njise on either side, and then steer in N.M.E. iK for the harbour, there being nothing in the way but what appears. After you are passed the entr^oe, whioh is about two cables wide, you must haul to the N. W. into die harbour, and ohoose your berth In 6 or 8 fathoms. This is a Tory safe harbour, v with good ground. Here, as in Cumberland Harbour, is no wood to be had, but plenty of water. -In making for this harbour, oare should be taken to aroid a ledge under water, west of the Shag Bock, and about a mile south of Shag Island { and also anoUier nearly a mile S. f £. from the Egg Bocks, and W. br N. frpm the top^of Shag Island. _There is a small reef with shoal water extending ^ of a mile frvm Shag Islattd^towards this ledgie^ leaTing %, deep channel between, more than } of a mUewide. ' ^ ■ Port* Augustine is a very smi^ harbour, with a terr narrow and intricate entrance, and is fit for small craft only. The approach to it is to the westward of Augustine ^ Chain, a ohAin of small isleto, the outermost of which is a round smooth rock, with a high black rock hslf a mile to the westward of it Between these last-named rocks there is a ledge, which shows at one-third ebb. The passage is on either side ' Ea^e Harbour, on Long Immd, is unfit for anything,but small Tcssels, the entrances beihg nirrow and intricate. This part of the coast 'is very dangerous on account of the numerous islMs and rocks off it. ' >. i^t Off the entrance of Fish Harbour, N. | W. 4^ mifes tram the Bottie om the north of ^0reat Mecattina Isl^d. is Wood Island, so called frnm its being covend with wood. The entiances to Fish Harbour are on either side of Wood Island, the northern being the best}' there is a ledge to the south of the island, whioh always shows, and a ;rook with only 2 feet water upon it, one-third of a mile S.8.E. '| £. from the east point of the island. Wood and water may be obtained, and there is a trading estaUisbment here. HA-HA BAY.— This bay lies in the main, to the westward of Long Island, and has several small islands at its entrance, forming^separate entranoes. The best of these is, that whMi lite between Seal Point and Bound Island, and leaves all the islands on tiie starboard side} this being a wide and safe passage, having no danger but what is visible. HsrHa Bay runs in to the N.E. bj N. 8 miles, and has a depth, in one part, exceeding 60 fethoms; in it there are many idands at its head, on tiie starboud side. Within thflie islands, to the eastward, are numerous aachorsges, with from 9 to 30 fkthoms water. Yessds may ocoasionallv anchor anywhsra wong the eastern side of the bay,4n IS and 14 fathoms, muddy bottom } bat on the western side the water is too deep. N.N.E., thoat 8 miles from the entrance on the west side. is a high bluff head. Bound this head, N.W. by W. half a mile, is a small but safe harbour for small vessels, in whieh you will have 12 fathoms, good ground. This harbour is formed by an island, on either side of which there is a narrow bat safe ^ #Msaae. € OKk AT MECATTINA ISLAND, to the soutiiward of Ha-Ha Bay, is 2 miles 8J:. from Bed Peinti the nearest part of the main. It is »| miles long, north and aoath, S miles wide, and about 1(00 feet high in the centre. It is composed of granite, and the posMon of the island, with rotation to the Ug^ Und inside of Cape Meeattiaa, 4 or 5 miles W.N.W., distinguishes it from any other island in the CKilf. ^ Nearlv Joined to its north point Is the Bottle, a high round islet, with ismall.rock^ eloee off it, to the N.W. by N.; and half a mile in the same diroetion,is wibcky shoal of 4 fiithomp, Bkiff H^ead is the high N.E. point of the idand ; and between H and the Bottle is a cove, one mile deep, named Island Barboi^, sheltered from the east by • dnstar of small isieta and rocks, having a passage en either side of them* The an- ohorage ia near the head of the oove, in fttmi 14 to 20 fethoms, good ground ; hen both wood aiid water may be obtainei^. If you enter l^ the sonth passage, keep ' Bluff He^d on board ; and if^£||j|r%itoth, pass betweni thf eloster just meptioned .* / Fb6m>Y0R& point to cape WHITTJiE, 8% and » smtll isolated rook about a i of a mOe N.W. of it,,«od a eableV MngOi from^ ihe shore of Oreat Meeattina. ''' Treble |lill Island lies £. by 8. about 8 miles from the centre pf the island of Oteat Meeattina, Flat Island, GL8.E. ( E. 8 mlkw from ito south point, and the Murt; Islets S.W. about A miles fromjthe same point To the N^E. by E. from the easternmost of ^^ the Murr Islandr there iiirledge,, on icbioh the sea generally breaks^ All these isknds an quite bold-to, and swarm.iHth se»-|owl. llie Mnrr Islets are of ebnsider^ able height, and flat at top ; about .^ *iB>I^ ^ ^^^ B*^* o' the southernmost of ^em are two small and low rocks above water. ^ HECATTINA HABBOUB, behind Meeattina Idand in the main, is safe but' •mall, yfst will admit vessels of bnr^n, there' being not less than 8 faUioms at low^ water in either passage to it; but they must ummT bead and stem, there being m , room to moor otherwise. This harbour lies 8| miles N.W. by Wi \ W. from Bound . Head, a high peninsula on thd west\side of Great Meeattina Island, and H mOes N. ' by W. i W. from Mm Murr Islets. It is only 28 fiithoms wide in the western entrance, , and 80 or 70 fktboms wide within. Jt may be safelv taken by small ^Tsssels in fine weather, but not in stormy weather, the entrance bfling so narrow; the least neglAit in steering might place the yeMtel on shore. To sail in througb the western passage there is no danger* but to sail in through the eastwn channa you mutt obserre tm ibUowing direcnons:— From the eastern point of MeciUtina Island 'tteer N. bj W.. towards the main land, keep that close on board, until you get the N.W. ^oint of tb0 island at the west^m entrance on with the south point of Dead Oove \ this is a small /COTO on the main, which lies open to the eastward; the land which forms it i»Tery low, with some brushwood upon it. Sail on, in that direction, until you get aljoTe a stony point, which is the north side of the said cotc ; or until you bring the north eint of Ouli^lsltind, which is a small island lying E. by N., distant a mile from eoattina Island, on with the E.N.£jfK>int of Meeattina Island, you will then be. within a spit of rocks which stretches os the island, and must haul over iot Meeattina Island, in order to aToid a ledge running off from the south point of Dead Oove; and when you ojien tiie western' passage, you may anchor in 6 or 7 fathoms water. ,3 Tessels coming from the eastward, and bound for the harbour of Meeattina, itty Iassing between Gull Island and 4he main, should^be careftd eith^ to keep Guilt' sland or the mainland close on boatd, in order to avoid a sunken rock that lies nearl]^, half>way between them, on one part of wb^ch there are not above 8 feet water. The highest part of the land between Grand Point and Ha-Ha Bay is directly over the harbour of Meeattina. GAPE MEOATtlNA, or GBAND POINT, is t^ extremity of a nromontciy, running out from the m«in land; it is low at the jMMnt, but rises, inland, gradually, until it becomes of eoniiderable height; it nfay easily be recognised by the a(|jacent islanda^and rocks, the nearest of which is a small low rock not far from the ppint. Two of these islands are much larger, and rise much higher than the others, ji||^are named the Dyke Islands; the outermost are small, low, roeky iqlands, WingjAHiilea off the point ; diey all lie in a S.8.E. \ £. direction froni! the point vesMp boond to Meeattina Harbour from the westward either pass ^rough the dear and 4sep, channd between the Northern Muir Idet and the Outer /Bocks, or between the idands, fbr there is a safe passage on either side of Entrance /idand, the second fh>m tha eint; the best channel however among these idands, jn betweni Entnmcis and Dyke lands. The C^pe is situated in lat 60° 10^ N., and ' Portage Bay, to the westwiud of Meeattina Harboi south pdnt of Oape Meeattina. It runs in about ' affords some shdter. A sinall idet lies in the moi^th which forms a small harbour, the western eutrani wproaeh to this harbour there are two 16-liBet lednl 8. \ W. from, the west end of Mutton Idand, an^ the other half a mUe NJB. by E. from the southern Seal Bock, which is three-quartars of a mile N.E. by N. from that south point of Gape Meeattina.' The Great Island of Meeattina being the most remarkable land about, this purt, vessels frequently make it their point of departure, and shape their courses frrnn \% to othor plaoeeo When without the Murr Books a W. by 8. courss, 85 miles, will take you without the rocks to off Oape Whittle ; fhough by this oourse you wiU paan v«7 near to 8t Mary's Besfit FraaMbe Murr J^ds to Wood Is^d, nair Omul _ 60?«'«0*W. ; i~» 2 miles N. by E. from the. miles to the northward, and the bwr, towards ihe east side, to which is the beat In th« to be kvoided, one 400 fathoma iii ' Hi lil i 86 FRok YORK POlNt ?0 CAPE WHITTLE. Point, at the entrance of the Strait nf HaIIo t»i- *i. cjn«nni^on,the east course eo Str?£;V^^ SeW^JS'ff. tidi^^S ^l?'^^^^^^^^^^^^ / two. Thenorthe™pa?iftr/i&V^^^ / very narrow iathmus ; while the ioutherj iZ il H^^^T^'u*? J*"* ~"*'l«'° P*^ by a / 660 fee^ above the level of the m1^ T fm/iEf^ "„^*8f*'u*.*'« '"«f»'«8t poiA being ab^t / over granite.WorE i^Sn%^mn]£iLfZ''^'lL^"i!: /M*'*^""* '«"« 30 f"* / the north end of the island entrance, and about 2J miles N.N.W. from/ Little Mecattina Island, having no channel between it .«^ *.. • , V and scarcely even for boats at low water n.*v il\^^A 5°*' ^}^ °""° ^°' yeaaeU of a large % The promonto^ of MmS fori S"^*'•i°™;°» *»"• ^"'t "4 as already mentioned is filled ?ith iVUnds anH r^t ^* *""* ^"1^°^ *»»'• •"y- ^^ic^ vessel coild find her way, "nrwhire it is ^1«^^S '"numerablfr-amongl^hich no a boat '' °®" " " possible to lose oneself for a time in enJiS? fo*;L°X^s;i;rb;?L''J^^^^^^ "« ^»P* «d ^om difficult to Strang. As t onen^ to th« ^?»K*"i'*^u«^ '■» **• **''«»» render it V^ereisanyswelVande^tlL^^Slj;^^ /^J^;:^SCR;.*^ii*;;^ss . The Single Rock is just aw«sh"and bw tKu^ken r^t*^"°* ?^ *'^"* ^'^^ • »"•• •pproached «ea«r ^hibn a qua.^? of " S « tS Z^l T' 't "^ "''*''>'d "«» »>« from it. There is ^othing in rte way V?ho'wf»t«V 7?^ 1^"^ "* ^^^ fathoms to the Eden laA/exwitiXBl!^ ^ZZ ^ °^ ^^'^ *"»• f"™ Single Rook ledges. When abUtTWiigl^'fiSk L^^fJI?'^*"'' Staff Islet%nd its .degrees, and when | you a>« half a mile toThe ^^.^ r ^u *^* ?orth-Fertward by Jl-e^harbour Win ^i ^.N.^. ^^ Airi:;rr'?ay!U;ryruta?^^^^ ^ tinueonkN.E. J ^•, leaving thf Cat Xcks and 8tS?!w S'?''?* ofJB^con- hand coming no n^i^r the lltteAhan ^u!rifot^^\na li!^^'*^''' P»'» eee the entrance of the harbour bearinir N # W H?.t^„? i ' ^^'J^''^ •>»*'*. you will because then, is no olher channTSrSuy whkh vS. c« ± T*" c?nnot mi,uk. it. from that position. The entrance ITO firtinm. -ii- ?«^ ?'*" »"*» *''e harbonr Dalv and 5Price Islands ; w, from \he foSSr«„!^2L'°t^£'*'',°'"" '*«'?' "between on if.N.E. i E.. ,800 fathoms SrtbitTtrf-^^^^^ °^ Staff Islet, continue di^tlyin ^r ii.'leaviSrSn Sl.^ds'Jj'^J ?^^^^^^^ N-^-^' t*-*" haul , Rijing the 8.W. ertrome of the iX a bSth of «of S? T ^"1' "«'" ''"'*' "* Island on your left, or to the we.tw2i,% qS^ JolS '"* *"'" *" '•*'~"»- J>»>y Islet, which lies about one-thW orimile^itS^ JkI 1 »* ''*'7 ""]*" "'«»• «*™«1 Bold from the innerendof PriS ftknd aSdt'^^^^^ N i ^ 200 fathoms from the^M^extrome oftt wJnd^lLlL^T ?**' '^"*"» and above water, «nd is quite safe nn Sta^-V Jj ^ *8^a. lies Side Rock, very small Rock and Bpld Islet iSst^ SS^^ihAffi!i:t''iT''^ T^^^'lff between Safe - cipal danger iti the w*y. W .^.n' Jmjftff^y?'^ J^T^^^ P.""* clear channel on either side of It, a lonrcabKd« ^h . j !'}°^ ,"** *here is a fathoms. The western channel, however ?st£Ul«. *'*]'•'*•?»•» <»f from 12 to 1ft of the entrance to it, rib a. to >«* Sn h2f S^wl "JS^? V°A"? '^^ »»» ~''*™ one-third of a mile. Whenwffin the^ dSL!l^ii ^ *^* ^^^ ^^' " N. i W.. by the lead, for there are AJ™! pawSJ of S^hf"""'. f '?'? r°»' •nebor^je* » .he bottom!. in gene^. oT^ud/Jirf^ri ^!ot^atl ^^^^^^^^ •■^. . ^y 7., th«a haul FROM YORK POINT TO CA#E WHITTLE. 8T howeyer, theiB is oTie more danger to be avoided, namely, tbe Foul Bock, a S^afhom patch bearing exactly north 600 fathoms from the S. W. point of Pricle Island. Until within this rock, therefore, you should keep more than half-way over from the islands forming the; east side of the harbour, towards its western shore. You may, if you choose, ruh'ln nearly half a mile farther t^an this pitch, and anchor to tbe eastward of Cluster Point, which consists of some low small islets and rocks extending off the Little Mecattina shmre : this position is considered the safest in the harbour. ° The south shore of '^ittle Mecattina Island, as far as Cape Mackinnon, is high and bold, with remarkable beaches of white boulder stones occasionally. About 1^ miles W.N.W. I W. trom the cape is a dangerous reef, awash at low water, named the Spray Heef, which is hold-to all round, and should always be passed to the westward when entering Aylmer Sound. Aylmer Sound, to the westward of Little Mecattina Island, affords no anchorage until beyond, the Doyle Islands at its head, behind which is Lou Boad and Louisa Harbour ; in the latter Teasels can ride in 4 fathoms, in the southein part of the 'harbour, but will be exposed to the W.S.W., although protected in a great measure by the Doylh Islands. To sail into this harbour pf into Lou Boad, keiep the etstem side of the Doyle Islands aboard, by ^hioh you will clear some ledges lying in the entrance of Salaberry Bay to the N.E. --' - "1" Thid western aide of Aylmer Bound is formed by a cluster of high islands named the Harrington Islands, the extremity of the outermost of which is named Cane Airy. There is no passage between these islandt on account of the multitude of rocksi OS Cape Airy at tbe distance of 2 miles, 8. by W. ^ W., is the Black Beef, composed of - low black rocks above water, and W. by N. 1^ miles from the cape is Mi^jor Reef, awash at low water, and 8 miles farther arathe Netagamu Islands, within which and the Harrington Islands, the mainland bends inwards and forms a bay, having a quan- tity of rocky islets at the entrance. On the largest of the Netagamu Islands is a nmarkable mound. ^ ^ About 1 j- miles N^y W., from the Netagamu Islands is tbe river of the samVbame, which may be kn^Wn by a sandy beach, badced with a thick growth of fir trees, pa either side of the entrance, which enttance, though narrow, has deep water dose tip to the falls, a distance of 1^ miles; tftse falls are 60 feet high. A bar of sand, with S feet over it, extends a mile f^m the entrance, and is exti^mdy dangerous to boats because of the heavy surf. Tha current of ^he river is rapid. Ten miles, W.S.W., from Cape Airy are the St. Marv Islands, estimated to be 200 feet high ; they are compoaed of bare<>»»• flO°9'46' had hitherto maintained, to west wJod c^be "bS^^^^^^^^ »hicMt^ \ water it is necessary to visit the main-land ^^^ °° ^* ^^'•"^' »«»» for touch influenced by the winds. ^ a Halt to a mile; but both streams aro / V. «- TI^E GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE. - 89 /■ PART III. \. THEofeLF OF ST. LAWRENCE. -> \GENERAL REMARKS. Ml^^ ^^"T ''««°.™PP084d that the naTigation of the Gulf and Riyer St Lawrence J8 attended wi^h considerable idiffioulty, and the numerous aodidents constantiv oo- cumngtoTfissels would seemltoshoMhat the opinion is well founded Captain Bayfield, R.N. has IremarKed that. "Among the difficulties of the navi-' ffir'«.T^ H •"•'»*'°"«<* t^» J«e-. , Jo "Priug the entrance a»d the eastern parts of the gulf are frequently covei^ with it. and vessels are sometimes beset for many , days. Being unfitted for cont<^nding with tW danger, they often sufi^r from it. and vare occasionally lost; but semub accidents from this cause^do.not frequenHyboour because the ice iS generally in aWelting state from the powerful effect of the sun in' - spnng. In the fall of the yeabr accidents from ice seldom occur, except when the -> winter commences suddenly ; or When vessels lingei- imprudenUy late from the tempt- ation of obtainingJiigh freights. I . •"•■"«' lemptr Biit all daqger frbm ice is far Uss than that which arises from the prevalent fom • they may occur at any time durini the open or navigable season, but are most fri^ quent m the earljr part of summir; they are rare, and never of long oonUnuanoe during westerlywinds, but seldom fnil to accompany an easterly wind of any strencth or duration. The above general Observation is subject, however, to restriction, ao- cordin^to locality or sewen. Thds winds between the south and west, which aro usually dear weather winds abpve Anticosti, are frequenUy accompanied with foir in the eastern parts of the gulf. Winds between the south and east are almost always accompanied with run and fog in eW parf .E.N.E. Winds aboye Point de Monte! ate often E.S.E. or S.E. winds in t^e gulf, changed in direction by the highlands of the south coast, and have therefor^ in general the sanwibggy obMaoter. I sneak of winds of considerable strength and duration, and which probably extend over great distances. Moderate and partial fine weather winds may occur without foir at f^T»f« m°*;K ° / A "Jf ^'l!^*-^- ?° T """l^^ ?t"^ °^ *•>« navigable season. espedaUy in the months of Apnl and May, clear Veather ^E. winds are of frequent ^ouWce and they also someUmes occur at oth* seasons, in every part of the Gulf and River The fogs sometimes last siBveral day* .in succession, and to a vessel either ninninir . up or beaung down, during their continuance/there is no safe guide but the constant use of the deep-sea lead, with a chart containing correct soundings. • , / The fogs, which accompany easterly galesf; extend higher up into the atmosphere. / and cannot be Ipoked over from any part of the rigging of a ship. They, however are not so. thick as those which occur in calms after * strong wind, and which ai^ freqnentiy so dense as to conceal a vessel within hail; whilst the former often but not always, admit the land, or other objects, to be distinguished at the distance of half a mile, or more, in the daytime. ■»m»iivb ui uau The dense fogs, which occur in calms, or even in very light winds, often extend - only to small elevations above the sea; so that it sometimes happens, that when • objecte are hidden at the distance of fi|ty yards from the deck, they can benlainlT • November the fogs and rain, that accompany eastefly gales, are replaced by thick i snow, which causes equal embarrassment to the n'avigftor. " The prevailing winds, during the navigable season, are either direotiy up or iltl rectly down the estuary, following the course of the chains of high landi on either Bide of the great valley of the St.. Lawrence. Thus a S.E. wind in thegulf beSmS; * E.S.E. between Antioosti and the south coast. E.N.E. above Paint ds Monts. aiX.:/ N.E. above Green Island. The westeriy winds do not appear to be^jw m«oh «ijd3^ ^ Indireotionby thehigh lands, excepting along the south coast, where we htvVoS'^ sanrwi a W.8.V. wind at the island of Bic becoming west. W.NiW., andSwL^ ,»Mi down along the high and curved coast, until it became a NJf.W. wind ii Cape ■^s~ 00 THE GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE. r \t- Qaspd. TheBe winds frequently blow strong for three or fonr days in sutibession ; the westerly winds being almost always accompanied with fine, dry, dear, and sunny weather; the easterly winds as frequently the contrary, cold, wet, and foggy. In the spring, the easterly winda most prevail, frequently blowing for several weeks in BHccesfflon. As the summer advances, the westerly wiods become more frequent, and y' the 8. W. wind may be said to be the prevailing wind in summer in all parts of the nver and gulf. Light south winds take place occasionally; but north winds are not common in summer, althorfgh they sometimes occur. Steady N.W. winds do not blow frequently before September, excepting for a few hours at-a time, when they generally succeed easterly winds which have died away to a calm, forming the com- mencement of strong winds, and usuallv veering to the 8.W, The N.W. wind is dry, with bright clear sky, flying douds, and showers. After the autumnal equinox, winds to the northward, of west become more common, and are then often strong steady winds of considerable duration. In the months of October and Kovember the K.W. v' wind frequently blows with great violence in heavy squalls, with passing showers of - * bail and snow, and attended with sharp frost ^ ^ ^ Thunder storms are not uncommon in July and August ; they seldom last above an hour or two ; but the wind proceeding from them is in general violent and sud- den, particularly when near the mounteinous part of the coast; sail should, there- fore, be fully and quickly reduoed on their approach. Strong winds seldom veer quickly froni one quarter of the compass to another di- * reotly or nearly contrary : in general they die away by degrees to a calm, and are succeeded by a wind in the opposite direction. I do not mean, however, by this ob- servation, that they may not veer to tho' Amount of several points. N\W. winda sel- dom or never veer round by north and N.E. to east and S.E.; but they do fre- quenUy. bydegrees, to the S.W., after becoming moderate. 8.W. winds seldom veer bjjr the N.W. and north to the eastward, but sometimes by the 8. to S.E. and E. Easterly winds generally decrease to a calm, and are succeeded by wind from the opposite direction. / In the fine weather westerly winds of summer, a fresh topgallant breeze will often decrea^ to a light breeze or calm at night, and spring up again from the same quarter on the following morning : under these oiroumsUnces «J|»ly, may a land breeze ofi'th* north coast be looked for. I hi^e observed the same'ofi'the south coast also, but not so decidedly dr extending so far offshore. 1 have occasionally carried the north land wind nearly over to the south coast just before daylight, but have never observed the south land wind extend more than five or six miles off, and that very rarely. Under the same oirrumstancesj that is, with a fine weather westerly wi»d . going down with the sun, aSW. land breez* will frciquently be found blowinB offthe north coast of Anticosti at night and dnringibe e^irly part of th? moming.^H^w- ever, the weather be not settled fair, and the wind doeanot fi^ with the 8ufi7it>ill usually prove worse than useless to run a vessel close in shofe at night in the hope of a breeze off the land. Such is the usual course of the winds in common seasons, in which a very heavy gale of wind will probably iiot be experienced from May to October, although close-reefed topsail Ifreezes are usually common enough. Occa- sionally, however, there are years, the character of which is decidedly stormy. Oaler' of wind8,yof considerable strength, then follow each other in quick succession and from oppfsit^ quarters. / The marine barometer, which is at all times ijlt great use to the navigator, becomes particuiaft-ly so in such seasons; and the following remarks upon its general indica- tions, when taken in connexion with the usual course of the winds and weather in the St Uawrenee, may therefore be nseftil. .The barometer has a range from 29 to 80*5 inobes in the Otrlf and River St Lawrenee during the navigable season, and its changes kccomnany those of the winds and weather with a Aweiderable degi«e of con- stancy. The fluctuations of the 'barometric column are much greater and moretfre- quent there than in lower latitudes ; and-kudden alterations, which in other climates would be alarming, may occur there without being followed by any corresponding ; change either in the wind or th^eather. But the navigator should not be inattentive^ to those minor changes, as a constant attention to the instrument can alone enable him to appreciate those deeidve indications of the mercury which seldom or neve prove deceptive. The following remarks will apply to thtwe well-marked changii whidi usually indicate the approach of a gale of considerable strength, or of a s@ft THe/gUI.P of ST. :^AWRENCE. »»c 9t of wind*Mid weather ; the yorreot antldpntlon of Which is often of the itmost impirt- ance to thewafety of a vewiel, as well as td the length of her Toyage. When after a oontmuanc* of westerly winds and fine weather, the barometer has risen nearly to its greatest height, say somb tenths abovi thirty inches, or begins to fall a little an *"**r'y ''"'" ™*3^>« 8y>n expected. If to this noUoe given by the barometer be added a waj-m hasiy atdosphere during the day. and a heavy preoipiUtJon of dew at night, vnthlyerybnghy twinkling t|«fs, or a coloured aurora borealis, the approach of an east v ind is ali^ost certain. If land be in sight at such a timeUnd appears much distorted by tei^trial refraction, or if vessels in sight have the relative pro- portions of their hulls and «ails changed by the mirag0, or present double or tnble images, suoi appeai^noes will render the more.probable indications of the barometer certain. At the cotnmencement the easterly wind will probably be li^ht vrith fine clear weathfer, but^his will not last above a few hours if the barometer lisontinues to ftill ; on the contrairy, the wihd will gradually increase, and as it does solthe sky will be overcast by de^s untU it is completely clouded. Both rain and f^will follow and contmie dating the continuance of the easterly wind, with little idtermission uutil they are ditoipated by a fresh breeze flx)m the contrary quarter, t 1 If the ful of/the barometer, during the continuance of the easterly wikd." be yery Blow, the gilejhll probably. continue, and not be very violent: if Apid, it Vill proba- bly be of short duration, and of greater strength : at any rate, when the mA-cury falls towards 29 l^hes, a change is certainly at hand, and the gale will in geri^ral come nrom the JSjir. The strength «f this succeeding gale will be in proportion \o the falT of the buvn^eter, and to the strength of the easterly gale which preceded it. rin such a case, tbert is seldom many hours' interval between the one gale and the other. The east wind generall v dies away to a calm, and in a very few hours, or sometimeJin much less time, the N.W. gal^ springs up. A heavy cross sea remains for some tiW fi«m the previous gale. .The., barometer sometimes begins to rise in the intervalW calm which pi^es the N.W. gale, at others at its commencyteent : the fog and raih dtase and the Wtherbeoomes quite dear, generally in a M hours, and sometimesUmoet immedjitely. The steength of «be westerly gale is usnally greatest soon after its commetaeement, and diminishes as the barometer rises, veenng gradnally to ttte west and S/W.; It is worthy of remark, that the circumstances just mentioned are the rtverse of those attending the easterly gale. The gale usnally eonuhenet cleay weather and a high barometer, light at first from the eouth'or 8.EJ dually increasing as it veers to the eastward, with afalling barometer. To b to the westerly gale. If, after it has veered to 8.W. and berome moderate, the meter remains steady at a moderate height. 4ne weather may be expected i taains at a considerable height, but still flutitaating and unsteady, within ceJ lUnito, vansble but net heavy winds, and variable weather, may be expected. If he contraiy. It nses quickly to a great height, a repetition of the easterly gale ViU Jiot be improbable. We have experienced seasons in which the barometer maylbe /said to have been nfo sooner Mown np by one wind, thftn it has been blown downlby another, and this stormy altematMB-fcrrhave continued for several months wl in others we have scarcely had /a double-reefed topsaU breeze during the' summer. v . 4 ' ' There is in fact so great a difibreiWe in the phenomena of the weathel in difibre aeuons. that it becomes very difficult to write anything raspeoting it that t^all not « liable to many exceptions. There are, however, some strongly marked cases of cod nexion between the indications of the barometer and changte of the winds mi weather, which, .within our own experience flf eight or nine yeare. have be^ snbie to few. I might almost say no exceptions. The first of these cases is that mostl common one. which I have endeavoured to describe, of an easterly Me. withTa faUinirl barometer, being always wet and foggy, and sneceeded by a strong wind jfrom the' opposite quarter with a rising barometer. /A^ieoond case, not of so frequeht ooonr- renw in common seasons, excepting in spring or eariy in summer, is theTeasteriT 2i, ,'"zL*,""°*J'*'*"***'' *''•'''• •Ithough it may not be at fir«t for a feV boon, will aimmt wways become fine and dear, and end in fine weather. A third ekse may be considered oertoin : if the barota«tor fall suddenly and greaUy, at any Itime a ^^' VA ""^ Pr*^*''y * N.W. gale, of gftat strength. n>V be confl Je^tly «! peoted. It does not follow that it will be immediate, for it may be pi«ced«d by a •trong gale from 8.W., for a few hours, during which the barometer wifi ■eid<^ riat, |t»ctly with and 4tum baror ^ ,l'-W,'' 09 T«!e gulf of ST, LAWRENCE. h^mZfrn^^'lTlT^lK'^"' tV ^i"!""* ^"'^' » considerable fall of the ■ meter! but nSt Sina .h-? h *^ ''T® °" *"^*'"* ""^ indication from the baro- vessel thn unni-nD^K ^^ u*\r^ f^^ *" *° *'® "^^ seriouB conseqneuce to a irood S r^membSrKat ^ hSL"? •"" f* beenindicated b, the barometer. But it STt WhiTl haJI mendn^Ji $ ^*™°|•«?.••• '^ 'bis climate, and under the ciroumBtanees Xe itSraX^art A \ft^^^^ It is remarkable tha J -L the forSnnX nf „„/^ i r ® ^'^ ^f "n"*. * high barometer may be considered as #i low 1«™^«/1 !i* *"?* foggy weather, which usually accompanies its fall: ihikt f i^clpSrS: rise """^f^ te'''^'%*''''\S'^ T"^«' -5 en.uisiSS;'it often ^ KrtEassfstLnprfn'fi.: J^- !^ of opini6n that the marine barometer is, of the . E.^f^n assistance m the navigaUon of the Gu f and River St Lawi-Annn unH ih^i\Z Tw a]^^ i • combined with the indications afforded by t^e appearance of tha dcy &o., thoM changes of the wind and weather, which are aLut t!^S"p5L mav o^zrfvV4j;i;;rti^^vs;^^^^^^^ « -» - - -A o^r and Ili?er"8L lli'-J'^'"^^** the oomnasees of veswls are disturbed in the Gulf *ff««»- »„ • 1 on Mauicouagon Point, the needle was also disturbed. Butthcw effects were only noticed when the instrument was placed ou the shore In tt^ Iff^^oTtK^^l^' J*"'" r'^« ^•*»''° »*» ""«« of The%ho?e.Zve we observeS Jn? sf£wiie» jh^SspK^^ ^essektZ ori!!;rtT'r''°"'°«^ •"« *'•'" ""^S"* •» »be cause of accYdenteS s'^ii';jsLTt"h™se"tJ •" *""" °' '"'^ *'"'*• *»' i" ^''^ •-•^ •'t^-^- - «nt from thrnortW^H' Tk* ibes^bores of the island last named, by another qur- rent irom the northward, which is said to enter the Gulf bv the Strait of fielJa Tb?* » I have myself observed that a ouri4t sets out. betwi^ii Cane Sav and St Si.r lK'an3T?eEl*;h{t -/"'^ """^ '"• "^^ --ther ; ^71* i?c\ecSd'b? eLteriy Taui Northeriv wiSi * iT^ sometimeaiun in a contrary direction from the sLJ t-wT'^f ^.u "''*• *°** perhaps also the above-named current frtim the nOT^h- S?4h"?uSrthL'wS\*?.^' *" '^^ T'^"""^ towards Spe Ctonlrfand ^eSr^fiSt on Z^t^^'*^ '"''**.* ^'«*'«**'^^^ Po^etful and OTfaSuiof thSf Sf.?T * ^t «>d strength of the ou*ente and tides in this ThS re^tl of » iJi / .o^n Shy nothing certain or definite respecting them. the pJeJeSfof icV^r^'^V"^'^.' >*'"*^«*'.*''* ^^^^ prevSri W wte\ '"^ It transports into the Gulf every summer, against thJ ?^n to th« iil^ k' fr«^T'"'y «•»")'«» tbem as far as Meclttina, and wmetimes fJ««-Lj K "«'8bbourhood of the east point of Anticosti. Its strength ie ve^ ton^ ZZ^f^Il^V*^^^f °{^-^- ^'"^"^ »t """b times it runs at"hf raS of?knSto du^hf?h5„,f ••;*"•* '^"/ ^^ *°. *<> "'^'*» ^'»ber to the westward 5 dimSishtog wa^ «lo 1^ i ?f " It spreads out in the wider parts of the Giilf. UsuX howS5r^u ial e"en\tn ^noli'T^' ""?? ^■^- ^^""^^ r'«"' i* becomes ve7yVe:r«SiS ft^if To * ^5^ *P "o- tbat a current has been observed settina out ofthe Dy us aunng either of the three seasons which we passed thet«. There is, howeVer^ aV < ay, the northerly erable fall of the >, on the other, a >n from the baro- Itas neVev, within qiience to a good :er. But it must le circumstances remarkable that, be considered as s its fall; whilst ue, since it often smeter is,, of the inoe, and that by nds and weather ppearance ofthe take pHRe, may lable us tq avoid to regulate otfr bed in the Oulf to the magnetic I magnetic oxide r at some points, 'd. Among th m 19° to 81° W> bed. But these shore. In two e observed any sel in which the • ^ oast, nothing of it of ten where ~ of accidents to i attraction on ceived opinion, r St. Lawrence, frequently de- > tty another qur- of fielle IbIc. f^"' y and St Paul ;ed by easterly from the same Tom the north- Breton Island, powecful and I tides in this ingthem. I'confirmed by er, against the ind sometimes I is \eTj inuch at^ of 2 knots, Diuishing gra- y, however, its weak ; and it ng out of the lever ol^rved "6 is, however. THE aULFOF ST. ikwRENCB/ -QS . "■ ■ ■ • ' no doubt th^ this current is extremely inegnlar. ai might be expected at ths nvrow outlet of m great inland sea, where winds, both within and without, must^ of iiedessity possess great influence. Alter entering the Oulf, it runs aloD|g the north or Labrador Coast, at the distance of 8 or 8 miles from the outer islands ; leaving a narrow sp^ce inshore, in which the streams of the tides, when uninfluenced by winds, are tolerably regular. Passing, otit- aide of Mistanoque, the islands of Orand Meoattina, and the SouthmaJcerS Ledge, it pursues a direction given to it by the trending of the coast, till it is turned gradually to the (touthward, by the weak current which is often found coming froin the Westward between Anticosti and the north coast, during westerly winds, and which is srit off to Hhe southward from Nntashquan Point. The united streams continue their southern couriBe at a rate diminishing as they become more widely spread, and which seldom ' ^ exceeds half a knot; and, flnally, .joining the i^ain downwai'd curreM out of the St. ■ Lawrence, of which an account will be given immediately, they idl pursue a S.£. direction towards the main entrance of the. Oulf, between okpe Ray and the Island of St PauH It is this current ftom the northward, which is felt by vessels crossing from off the Bird Rocks l^ards Anticosti ; and which, together with neglecting to allow for the local attraation of the compass, has been the principal cause of masters of vessels so often finding themselves, unexpectedly, on ttte'south eoast Many ship- wrecks have arisen from this caus^ near Gape Rosier, Oasp^, Mai Btiy, Aq. JSffeet of the Tidei on tkU Current — Both these qurrents, viz., that from the north- ward, and the main downward current of the S|i< Lawrence, are modified by the tides, but in a way directly conti-ary: for the nnrthern current, in through tiie Strait of Belle Isle, is accelerated by the flood, and checked by the ebb ; whilst the other is 'accelerated by the ebb, and checked by the flood tide. These modifying: causes, viz., the tides and winds, give rise to various combinations, and consequent irregularities, in the direction and strength o(, these streams, which it is extremely difficult at all ' times to estimate and allow for correctly. . „ Main Oumnt of the Eiver.— The current along^tha south coast appears to be supeYfiorid'!^least we found Jt so in the lower fiart* of the Estuary, where observa- tions upofiiinV^ecifio gravity of the water on the surface, and taken up from different depths, proved to us thai the water of the St Lawrence and its numerous tributary streams was widely diffused over the Estuary. - It has also been observed that the OHjrreat is strongest in spring, soon after the opening of the navigation, when the rivers are swelled by the recently dissolved snows of the winter. But although, gene-^ rally speaking, there seems no doubt that this current is the tribute of the St Law- rence on its way to the ocean ; vet in the upper part of the Estuary it is not alone, and at idl times, caused by the discharge of the St Lawrence, but depends also upon - peculiarities in the set of the tides. Thus, when our observations had confirmed the truth of the report, that the current always ran down on the south side of the Estuary ^ from a few miles below RedI|Iand toward^^ Isjand'of Bid, we could not at first account for the fact; {ot-tttfSpe^nd impodflndiat this could be the comparatively fresh water of the St Lawrence flowing on ^jpjSrfaoe towu^ the sea, when we knew that the whole body of water a few miles above, from shore to shore, on either side of »»» «- .u very 8trong-a1,out 4 knot.. It deoreaees in "eloSu - it p^id. to Z^'uthl" u ward, slanting ove^towarde the Razade IsleUr' off whieh KtTi £m « !^ m u ? It runs strongly along the ndrthern edge of the Ba«k of 8^«„d1^«^/ff .^ ^ ^ i^""^' U|,on Which eapj|ci4 in spring Udesfriii.^^^^^^^ ^oVgTpr^'ri'iixijer^^^^^^ sti'^js^"" '*^ ^ •""'•' --^-« to''ie'iitd2iro?o?th^^rrdis;; de Monte, and by the eVbing Zime irlhe wiT«^^^ donot n.ake.the neoeetary aUowanoe % keeping their windTeU olS"tS°S'e i» «*«■ op_%BMMAjnor»- m diffbrent ye«r.. and scarcely ever found it thj^mil' I?Se?be&5'i,5°f "^ •:>■■■ THE GULP OP St. LAWRENCE. J 9 95 oumntli there D the Kouth-easb- om 2 to a knota. ' the south ooaBt, « found ilowiog wily marked by downward our- (iQd,and«eason 1 the south than eoted, or turned igan, and Point hem : a oiroum- tfith a northerly e shore, if they IT to theno'rth- de the Bank of I felt about half lere is usually lar in its reour- f the stream of uthirard, till at erenoes in the lis parts of the I perhaps from the seaman, f very olose in- and It requires ie Monts turns > that a vessel, rd taok, will be m her weather id, the current of 4 knots, it ' de Monts over ler. This is a airainst, wh^a Uly in foggy- « it, Qor, indeed, iBtL It is oon- I curve to the intnre Island ; e towards the i 01 the great om Magdalen ■■ form. When ren over from inning round d (a||te of the 1 Esquimaux westward of ly Mentioned. «t and 8.W. It, frequently MM oaat between ptember, and 'eeu 1 and 2 kqota in weekflrly winds. It waa~wekker, often nearly insensible, in eaeterly .winds; and in eue instance, off Mont XiOuis River, in a calm whj(oh was followed ^ a strong breeze from the eastward, it oOuld net be perceived. Vessels beating up tl^e St. Jjawrence against westerly winds usually experience little difficulty in making good wav to windward, after having weathered the west point of AnOcosti and arrived on' the north coast : because there is seldom any currenit on that side, and the tides, although weak, are tolerably regular. It is in general very easy to beat from the Seven Islands to Pointy Monts ; for there the stream of flood is •trongei' than the ebb ; the latter, as well as tSe curfent^ being turned off to the south- ward by Point de Monte. There seems, at times, also -to be an eddy current there, sweeping round the great bay or curve between the above-named points. It s^ts off from above Egg lelet to the S.S.VV. ; and is the probable cause why veaaels, which shape a direct course for Point de MouU With a leading J^T.W. wind off the land at night, so often find themselves obliged to haul up for, or unable, to fetch the light." 9T. PAUL'S ISLAND, THE MAGDALEN ISLANDSTBRYON ISLAND, THE BIRD ISLETS, ANTICOSTI. — — - — ,— — J».— This island is nearly 8 miles long, and 1 mile broad. The bearing and distance fi-om tbe south point of the island to Ca^e North are, W.8. W. i W., \a miles ; and from the nprth poini of the island to- Cape Ray, the bearing and distance art, E. by N., 41i'mirea. The niacin is rooky and precipitous almost «U ' round, indented by eoves, in which shelter, daring the prevalence of certain winda, ' .may be obtained. A jimatl detached islet fbrms its N.E. point, which is separated by »^ery narrow channel, from a peninsula, between, 800 and 400 feet high, which, ' . tolfetper with the isthmus,,is so precipitous as to be nearly inaccessible. *' ' * Two lighthousea are established on this island ; one on the northern end, and the ^ other on the southern point, one of wftieh will always be open, unless to a vessel very • near the central rooks. Thei,northem light is fixed, and vuible six leagues all round the compass, except on the bearings between N. tiy E. and E. by N., when it will ba ■ obscured by the hills to the soi^thward of it.' The aout^rn light revolves at about the Ame elevation as the northern oiie ( 140 feet), ind is visible six leagues on all bearings, ' except those between West and S.S.E., when it is oqncealed by the /land. At the southern lighthouse a bell is kept tolling intoggj wei^ther, worked by maohinery. Abo^t a mile (fom the south opii^t on jhe west side of the island, is-Trinity Cove, at the norttMrn part of which isaj^vision post ; and on the opposite side of the island i« Atlantic Cove : a landing miy be effected in Either of these. The cove on the N.W affords a small and bold lieaoh, about iftO feet long, *het« a landing may be effected but generally with difficulty, byjeason of Uie eontinual swell of the sea.. The interior of the island 'riMS into three hills, the hiMiest being neiarly in the centra, and termi- nating in a square summit of aboiit 50 feet on eae^ side, neariy perpmdioular, and estimated to be about 500 feet above the level of the sea. T)ie surface of.lhe island is, in general, rocky, with some spots of marsh or bog, which probably supply the freah witter issuing from the rock. Stunted Ar and white bifoh tiees are the omj products of the isle, buj^ adme drift wood may be pidced up. . . There is anchdirage all round the isAnd,lad olose in-shot«> vrhich droumstanee enables vessels to lie there with anv winds, by shifting their stations as the wind and • weather teouire ;— » mode praetued by the nrirafeera of the United States during the late war. There ar^ tolerably regular soundings off j;he north side, at the dfctence of half cir thr«e>qtt»rteri <4 a mUe ; on the N.E. side a bank liel off about tbree-qmirtere of i mile, with front.. 7 to 8 fathoms of water. The general depth of the soutadings "^ around the isIand,Nat half a mile from the shore, is from SO to 40, bur the water soda deepens to 100 fisthons, so that there is little or no warning by the lead #b«a TtPProyliNMWe-ldandJnJomy weather. There ia a plentiful fishery ofood and Iw maoKorel around the coast, apdalso Unbandaueeof seals. lBm i »A*Wt XMbAjnMk— These islatbis formV:ofaainriB-aa. irregular curved direction, and lie between the paralleis of 47^ IS* and 47° aV- N. The Magdalene, when flcat made from sea, appear like eeveral hilly idanda, with chabiuals b«tvaen ; but, on« il \-\ M THE GULP OF #!•; LAWRENCE. nearer MproMli, they are leen to be all oenneoted together, with the exeeption of ' *.ntoy iBlaad, by a double line of sandbars and beaches, inclosing extensive lagoons, having very narrow eutrapces, by which the tide finds access and egress. In some ' ''♦E^ *5"* ^"^-'»"" »«> only # few feet above^the sea, whilst in others they rise into hiUs of sand of eonaiderable height They appear to be increasing, since there are generaUy ridgies of sand, with from 9 to 12 feet water, parallel to and from 50 to 100 fathoms outside the beach._ Between these ridges and the shore there are 3 and 4 fathoms of water, a ciroumstanoe which has proved fatal to the crews of vessels, wrecked upon these shores. The central parts of these, islands attain an elevation of 20D to 680 feet. They contain a popnlaUon of about 1 100 inhabitants, whose principal de- pendence IS upon the cod-fishery. Wood, for fuel, is scarce near the setUements. and large ^ars are not to be had. Small supplies of fresh provisions may be obtained, especially from Entry Island ; and water may be had from Amherst Harbour. Theqe islands poness no harbours for ships; but there are three fit for small vesselst named An^erst, House, and Grand Entry flarbours. The names of the islands are Entry ,, Jslind, Amherst. Grindstone, Alright, Wolf. Grosse. and Coffin Islands; exclusive of Bryon or Cross Island, and the Bird Islets, whieh lie more to the north. AMHERST ISLAND.— The most southerlv and principal island of the group is Amherst Islwd, which is connected wilh Grindstone Island by a double line of sand- bare, enclosing an extensive lagoon, 6 or 6 miles long, and from I to 3 wide, the Muthem part of whiflh is named BaJique Hwbour : it has three outlets into Pleasant Bay ; the southeinmost is the deepesr, bnt has only S feet at bw witter. To the east ortbi«, and N.E. of the island, is Pleasant Bay, which is the best roadstead in the Magdalene, and the only one where vessels «oan venture to lie with all winds, during June, July, and August. The best juitshorage is in A fathoms, with the rocky point of ttio entrance of Amherst Harbour bearing 8. W. ^ W. two-thirda of a mileu Amherst Harbour IS situated in the B.W. comer of Pleasant Bay ; its entrance is very narrow and crooked, and over the bar is T feet least water. The hUls in the interior of Amherst Island rise to the "height of 650 feet above the sea. Towards the 8.E. part of the island, and about a mile to the N,W. of Amherat ^ H^ <>'»"»'«• towards Amherst Island. Ai 7 miles. Ni 60*' E., from Deadman's Islet, and 6J mile9. W.N.W., from Giill Islet is a very 4«ngerou8 reef, named the White Horse, which is small, only about a cable's lenffih , in diameter, and has bnt 10 feet water over it; oh it the sea often breaks ORINpSTGNEISLAND—This island is the next laivestof the griup, being, in ^ reaoect of size, intermediate between Amherst and Alright Islands. Its highest point * is degated 650 feet above the sea at higtf water. On the west side of the island is a dangerous reef, with 18 leet least .water, named the Pierre de Groe Cap. which is sel- dom seen, as the sea breaks upon it olily in very heavy weather. It Hes N.E. by E. * E.. 6 miles from the White Horse; N.W.Tiy W.from Hospital Cape; and 8» i^es from Cape la Trou, the nearest part of Grindstone Island ; this reef, as well as White Horse Reef, may be oleared on tbej#e«t side by hot bringing Deadman's Islet to bear ■"-^ ALRIC^' ia{AND.-This island lies to the eastward of Grindstone Island. Oape AIngbf IS the southern point of the island, and is remarkable, the cliffs being of — » gnyisfa-white eioioar, wiOi oeeasional brick-red low down, and 400 feet high. . The ■outh «trejwty of the cape is low, with a small rook close off it. To the N.W. of Cape AlruMrvbout Sf milm, is the entrance to House Harbour ; it is narrow and crooked with only 6 fethoma water in it ' :yM3"^'u?*f Jf ^' *^,^- ^ "*'«' ^"» ^P* Al'*8h»r to the outer edge of the f^ftjf, whieli is 400 fathoms long by 800 wide ; it is of white pointed rocks, having only fl feet^over them. To dear it on the S.W. side, keep the wellmarked summit of ^nndsljone Island opeh to the south-westward of Gape Alright; and to clear the 8.E aide of the reef, keep the east sidoKif the woods of Wolf Island (seen over the bam) *pen.tothi» eastward of Shag Island., ^' '. WOLF UlLAND.>^From Grindstone Uand the sand-beaehes Sontinne in a horth- •Mterly direction, fbr 10 miles, to Wolf Island, which is about thiee-auartara of a milnJong. with low sMidftonsroIiA; from Wolf Island the sand-beaehea reoommence THE GULP OF ST. LAWBENCE. Vf > exeeption of insive lagoona, Bsa. In some I they rise into rince there are rom 60 to 100 •e ore 3 and 4 esselft wrecked tion of 20)) to ) principal de- ttlements, and y be obtained, rbour. These resselst named ids are Entry ; exclusive of f the group is I line of sand- to 3 wide, the. into Pleasant To the east idstead in the winds, during rooky point of ilok Amherst s very narrow reet above the V, of Amherst feet high. At 3d Deadmbn's L70 feet high ; . At 7 miles. Jet is a -TeiT mble's lengih Dup, being, in highest point lie island is a which is sel- ls N.E. by E. and 8} miles well as White I Islet to bear itone Island. Bliffs being of It high. The N.W.ofOape and crooked, r edge of the , having only 1 Summit of ilear the 8.E. rer the bara^) e maniorth- [uarters of a reoommenee and continue, with oocasional sand-hills, 9 or 10 miles farther, to the North Gu>e in Orosse Island. A rooky shoal, of 3 fathoms, named the Wolf Books, lies about half a mile from the shore off Wolf Island, ^nd 10 miles north-eastward of Hospital Gape. OROSSE ISLAND.— The northern point of Orosse Island is the Nort,h Cape of ^ the Magdalans. and is a precipice of oonsiderabls height The North Gape Rooks lie ' to the westward of the cape, the outermost being abopt 600 fathoms from the shore. The sandy beaohes and hills eontinue, from Grosse Island, carving to the eastward, 6 miles farthsr up to the East Point The East Point of the Magdalens is of low sand, indosine eevexal shallow ponds, and having several sand-hills, extending westward to the NTE. Gape. 'Off the East Point is the Long Spit, a ridge of sand) with from 2 to 8 fathoms of waten exteiiding H miles S.E. i S. from the point ; and for 1| miles farther in the same direction the depth is from 4 to 6 fathoms. To dear this spit in ft or 6 fathoms, tske oare not to bring Old Harry Head, the N.E. point of Coffin Island, to bear to the southward of west. It is extremely dangerous, and there is a heaW breaking sea on it Doyle Reef lies S.E. i E. 6i miles ttpm the East Point. The least water en it is 3 fathoms (to one spot, and 12 to 18 fathoms all round it It seldom shows, but is one of the worst dangers of the Msgdalens. The only mart to dear itis the North Gape of the Magdalens open two4hlids of its breadtfi to the NJB. of the North-lBast Gape, which is a remarkable hill, 880 feet high, on East Islam^ whiob-etands at tiffi head of Ghrand Entry Harbour, and can be seen over all thuud-hills. GOPFIN ISLANS^Tiiis isl»nd lies to the 8.^V|H:«Bt Point, and its N.E. point, named Old Hanry-OBad, lies W.S.W. 4| miles fromV The Golumbine Shoals are a patch of roeks, with only 8 faUiOms pn them, lying S.S.W.'i W., 2| miles, from (Ad Hany Hea^. There are numerous sinaU shoals and patches withm them, towards Goffin Islanid, on some of whiah are only 8 £Mt This i^ a dangerous part, and Should • not be iqiproaohed at night, or during rogs. The entranoe of Gran^ Entry Harbour, situated at the S.W. end of Coffin Island, is extremely narrow, and ought not to be attempted without « pilot The depth in this entranoe m not more than 10 feet least water, and the harbour itself is extensive and well sheltered. ° < - ' ^ At e miles W.S.W. from the entranoe of Grand Entry Harbour, is Shag Island, which is small and low, and out of the way of vessds. ENTRY ISLAND.— At 7 miles, S. i £. from Gape Alright, is the N.E. point of Entry Island, and the channel into Pleasant Bay lies between them, and also between Alriffht Reef and the Pearl Beef. The sununit of Entry Island iis^ftSO feet abote the level of tile sea. and is visible 8 or 9 leagues off. in dear weather. The red elifils of this island ore magnificent end beautiful^ rising at the N.£. point to. 860 feet, and at the south point to 400 feet The S.W. diffls of Amherst are also steep, but of less height; and as there is no land to the southward and westward, it cannot be mistaken. The Pearl Beef is a small dangerotis Reef of whitOipointed rooks, having only 8 feet water over it It bears £. by N., 4( miles, from the N.E. part of Entry Island, ' and S.E. I S., 8| m^ from Cape Alright; even with a moderate swell the sea breaks heavily ufion it Demoiselle Hill kept more than half a point open to tbe northif ard of Entrv Idand, will clear it to the northward, and the same hill dint in ^tii Entry Idoad de/m it to tiie southward. ' asvow anuuro-- This island is about 4 miles lonf^ in an E. by 8. and W. by N. dirsotimi. «ad is oidy a a^ broad. The norUi dde is the bigheet and on the south side art some coves, where' boots may easily land withjthe wind off diore. Its eastern end bean from the East Point of the Magdden^ N. by £. i E, 10| milee, but its S.W. point approaRbes to within 8| miles of the North Gape of these islan4fi- A reef runs off from the S.Wi end of the island Ih miles ; anotbor from its east end } of a mile to the N.1S«; *nd there is a third naming off to the southward from the B.W. point of the island. H miles. C^ose to the eastward of the last of these ntia there 18 good anohorago, in 4 or 6 fathoms, or in 8 fathoms a mile irom the ^boire. Small vepsels often ride oat heavy N.W. gales under this idand, dose to the leef. Between Bryoiiind Magdalen Idands the soundings are regular, from to U fathoms* raoepting a potoh of Iwl and rocky ground with 6 fathoms upon it lying between 8.W: i W. and W.S.Vi[, from the west end of Bryon Island. Althougb the soundings in ofiproaching J^onMtaA lire xc^gnlar, ^r$at ears nuist te tiikaii ia apprQ«ebing '1 1 '. •> -,w l! 08 ■(ii THE aULP OF ST. LAWBENOE. the reefi before mentioned, m they are verr eteep, especikllT the one running to the ' southward. FS are small and not far apart: they are of moderate height, and flat and white at the top. In the pa^Mge between them there are rooks. The southernraoet is the J«i);est; from the east end of the N.W. Bud Rock there extends a ledge of rodis. , Nearly midway between Biyon and Biht Islands there is a rooky shoal, said to hare only 4 fathoms on it in onepart. but not less than 7 hare been found on it This, as well as the patch 8^ miles W.S.W. of Bryon Island, should be aroided by large ships in rough weather. At 4 leagues to the eastward of ^he Bird Islands is the edge of the bank of sound- ings, on which are 55 fathoms. You should oome no nearer the east side, in thick weather, than 40 fathoms. JUnemovwM—Tbe island of Antioosti lies at the entrance of the River St. Law- rence, and is about 40 leagues in length by 10 in breadth. It is of moderate height, being estimated to be nowhere more than 700 feet high, and is extremdy barren, aflbrding scarcely any suppo|;t for the few quadrupeds i^oh inhabit it Although so destitute of sustenanee, yet streams of fresh water may be found on every part of the coast, but generally too small even for boats. These streams become rapid immedi- ately within their matrances ; and even the largest of them, Observation River, to the westward of the S.W. Point is barred with sand, excepting for sbori intervals of time after the spring fresheu or heavy rains. Thei« are no harbours or anchoring places suiuble for large vessels. The only inhabitants are the people in charge of the light- J houses and provision posts, and at Fox Bay at the east end of the island. Upon the island there are various provisidn. posts established by the Oovemment •of Lower Ganad^ fmr the relief of castaway crews, one of which is at EUis Bay, 3 leagues S.E. from the west end of the island; Uie aeoond at the lighthouse on the 8.W. Point ; a third at Jupiter River or Shallop Greek; and a fourth ai Heath Point There have also been placed direction boards at dilferent parts of ue island, near the beach, to assist persons, who may have had the misibrtune to be wrecked, in finding the provision posts above mentioiied, which are nailed to trees with their branches out' off, to render the writing visible. They are or were placed as follows :— Ist on the west point of the island t 2nd, 4 leagues south-eastward of EUis Bay; Srd, 10 leagues westward of Jupiter River; and the 4th,7 leagues eastwardof Jupiter River. Liffhthou»e;—Then are now two excellent lights established on thia island. . The S.W. Point Lighthouee is built on the extremity of the point The tower is ( the usual conical form, 75 feet high, and shows a bright light revolving every minulie, which can be seen' from N.N.W. round by west and south to S.S.E. | E. The lantern is 100 feet above the level of high water, and can be seen 10 miles from the deck, ai^d 19^ miles when the eye is eleviuiBd 50 feet To the lighthouse is attached a provision post which forms a conspicuous landmark. ''^ Heath Point Lighthouse is of the same form, dimensions, and colour as that on the 8.W. point of the island. It shows « bright fixed light ffom W.N.W. to N.E. by N., at 100 fSeet above the sea, and can be seen 5 or lesguee in clear waiter. It was first lighted in October, 1848. EAST CAPE.— The East Cape, in lat 49° 8' 26" N., and long. 61° SO* 50" W., is a perpendicular cliff, |N feet high. To the southward of it, at the extremity of the low land, is Heath Point, with its lighthouse. This building at a distance i^pears like a sail, and is useful in marking the extent of low land to vesselB either to the east or west of North. Between Heath Point and East Cape is Wreok Bay, in which there is no anchorage. A dangerous reef runs off Heath Point about 3 miles in an E.S.E. direotion; be- yid immedi- liver, to the rals of time ring places >fthelight- ^oTemment Uis Bay, 3 luae on the eath Point island, near (rreolrad, in with their I follows :— Ellis Bay: tof Jupiter uid. I tower is ( ery minutie, rhe lantern le deck, ai^d a provision that on the 5f.E. by N., ler. It was BO" W., is mity of the loe appears rto the east r, in whioh eotion; be- ies from the lOtUihoau; -quarters of ^es on this aise bearing at nearly a east aidft^ ^-^ f^HB ip|pbP ST. LAWRENCE. .89 Heath Point, for the winds comiiw.llong the ikn^ on each side of the islandt some- times do not meet until several mites to the Eastward of the point Between them you will be becalmed, and a strong current round the poipt might set you upon the reef. 'About 6 miles W. by N. from Heath Point is Cormorant Point beyond whioh, at ttie distanoie of 16|mile8, is South Point, off%hich a reef runs nearly l4 miles, causing heavy breakers. To dear this reef at the distance of 3 miles, bring Heath and Cor- morant Pointe in one bearing E. by S./ South Point has a beaoon 40 fiet high upon it situated in lat 4Xfi 8' 48* anci 63° 18' 80* W. Prom South Point to the lighthouse y6n the S.W. Point, the distance is 6« miles, and the intervening land has * similar itopearance throughout Between these pointo are the Jupiter River or Shallop Creek/Pavilion River, and Salt Lake River and Bay. At Jupiter River, which lies 18 miUs N.W. of South Point, are the houses of the I provision establishment Pavilion River Hee 10 miles from Jupiter River, and ita oeality mav readily be distinguishM by the beaoon erected near iti between, the coast is all low, but may be anpro^hed safely by the deep-eea lead, tb# reefs nowhere extending more than li miles off. At nearty 31 miles to the north-westward of Pavilion River are Salt Lake Rivi6r and Bay, from whence to S.W. Point the coast is higher and bolder, and should be approached with caution in foggy weather. When Manding in-shore at night,' do/notr .bring the lighthouse to bear to the westward of N.N. W. Off the centre of Saltliake Bay Is indifibrent anchor^e in 7 fathoms^ which must be very cautiously taken^; six miles eastward of this bay there is a beaoon, the latitude of which is 49° It' 80", and the longitude 68° 80* 30* W. S.W. POINTc-The S.W/ Point is a low point with * small cove on its north side, and has a reef running off/itjabout half a mile towards the west and south-west, 8 miles Outside of which ar»80 fathoms. In this cove vessels maf anchor in 18 or 18 fathoms, sand and gravel/with the extremity of the point bearing S.S.W. 4 W., dis- tant three-quarters of a ihile, sheltered from N. by E. to 8. by W.| but the anchorage, is not recommended, being exposed to westerly wi^^s, an|d the ground being indiffer- ent. _ Hence to Ellis Bdj the coast is lined by reefr extending out, in most parte, about a mile, with 10 or l8/iktboms dose to them; and thwe is no safe anchorage for vessels. In running/down this shore the lead should be kept going. About 5 miles to the northward of S.W. Point is Observation River, the largest stream on the island, having 5 or 6 feet water at the entrance, but barred with south- westerly gales. On 'the north side of the -river are some high sandy diflb, and 16 miles farther westward are some others, named the St Harps Clifib, of less height and less remarkable, but not difficult to distinguish, as tbdr«itnation is pointed out by a beaoon, in'lat 49° 40* 80* and long.,68° 68' W. Beyond St Mary'a Clift at. the distance of^T miles is a small stream, falling into a cove, named the Beosde Riter ; this c^ve afibrds shelter for boato. Elms BAVlaffords tolerably good anchorage. Ito east point is named Gape Eagle, and ito wesVpoint Gape Henry. 'A reef of flat limestone runs off a mile south-westward from Cape Heni^; and another reef runs off three-quarters of a mile to the westward from Gape Eagle; the entrance betwed%th{im is 600 fathoms wide, from 8 fathoms on each side. Both the reefr show themselves by a line of breakers. "^ In approaching this bay from the westward, run down along the reefs off Gape Henir/in 10 fathoms, until the west side of the White Cliff, whidi is on the east side of thof bay, oomes on with the east side of the westernmost of. two bills, back in the country, bearing N.E. | N., then haul up with these marks on, which will lead you intosmootb water, dose under Gape Henry Reef, in 8^ fathoms^' Continue running on/tantil Oamache '"nddy bottom, about half a mile from the &ata at the head of the bay, and 800 fathoms om those on either side. Keep the lead mmstantly going. In running tot the hay from the eastward, with an easterly wind, keep along Cape Eagle Beef, in no less than 7 fathoms, till the east side of the White Cliff eomes on ^th the east side of the same hill, as before ; then haul up till the houses bear N. by E., and prooeed as before. It is high water at Cape Henry, full and change, at Ih. 48m.: apring tides rise about 7 feet neaps, 4 feet Ellis Bay may be readily known by Gape Henry, which is a bluff point, and tha land at the head of the bay being low causes the entrance to show distinctly. Two ridgea of Ulls, back in the oountiy, will heb to distinguish it 100 CAPE WHITTLE TO THE MINOAN ISLANDS WEST POINT is Iqw and wooded, with reefii extoading not more thian a mile from the Bhora. It may be safely rounded in 16 fathoms, at t^e distance of 1} miles. |.' y, A Between West Point and Ellis Bay, the shore is lined with reeb to the distance of 1| miles, it must not therefore be too closely approached. The coast from Weft Point to North Point is low, with reefs running off about • mile, and should not be approaohed nearer tiian 8ft fathoms. From North Point to Hi^ GUff, the distance is 18 milc^ with a moderately low and wooded shore. High Cliff may be easily known by .b^g the only one on the island that has not its base . washed by the sea. ' / White North Cliff lies 20 milM south-eastward of High Cliff; this part of the coast / is.dangerous, for at about one-third of the distance from High Cliff the reefs extend fully 2 miles from the land, and.continue w for some distance. Oh approaohing White North Cliff iim only reach about half a mile from the shore. White North Cliff may . be seen &or 7 feagues off, appearing like-a white patch. . ^^ Carleton Point Iub 10 miles south-etttward of White North tiliff i un«r this point vessels may anchor in^e weather, and procure wood and water. \ About 10 miles sonth-eastwatd of Carleton Point is Cape ObaervBtion, Migh, bold headland, imder which vessels may anchor during westerly winds and fine weaUier, and obtain supplies of wood and water very couTeniently. Farther eastward, at the distance of 12\ miles, is Bear Head, a rimilar headland to Cape Obserration, aiitd 400 feet high, which last-named cliff may be easily recognized, as there are no high'cli^ headlands of equal h^ghtto tiie westward of it Betweoi Bear Head and Ciipe Bobert is Bear Bay. which is considered to be the best roadstead on this part of the coast of Antieosti; as the bottom u excellent, the depth moderate, and the sfadter extends firoih iN.N.W. round by west and soutli to 3.£. by S. It is divided by two high eliSb, into three bays, in each of which is afine beach of sand and shingle fuid a mah-water stream. The liMt anchorage is ia[T8 ._ Athoms with Tower Poiiit (the southernmost of the oliffii) beuiog N.W. 4 W, mbWtS.E^4S„ and Bear Head N. by W. f'W. To the south-ewtwiard of ^M^ itohert,^ (Ustant 19 miles, is Table Head, remarfcc by its hill of a table fonn, immediately behind it; the «oast beti^een contains sev( ■mall bays, but no anchorage. Four miles fiarther is Fox.^ead, much lower t .Table Head, and to the southward of the bead, is the bay, a^rding good anohoi for small vessels during the summer months. Tt^e soiithwn point ot the bay is nai Beef Point, and has a reef'running'off it fully 1^ milea, doae off the end of #hich are 10 fathoms, so that to avoid it vessels should not approach nearer than 18 fathoms. The north point of the bay has also a reef running from it, fully half a nUle. Winds from E. by N. to E.N.E. blow directly in. Hence to East Cape the coast is e\dN and about 100 feel in height, but bold and free from danger. About half way is Cape Sand-Top, between which and East Cape vessels may anchor during w^terly winds, in 10 to 90 fathoms, line sand, at a mile . from the shore. A- \> THE NOETH COASl' OF THE GULF. CAPE WHITTLE' TQ THE MINGAN ISLANDS. The flnt ba^ to the westwa^ of fkpe Whittle is Wolf Bay, a )>laee full of rocky ledges, but which, however, all sbq^tir. On the west aide of tlM Itty is the island of the same name, of a greater height than the islands usually are off this part of the coast, boing about IM fleethigh^ lience it is easOy»reeogn{nd ; outside <^ it is a sraali lowidet / To the westward of Wolf Islet is Ooaeoaeho Bay, aflbrding the only anchorage for large vessels on this ^art of Jl^e coast, and wbicli u represented to be easy of aeoess, altnougb (he nnmbw of iueta and rooks scatter^ dtontwoiold convey a different impression. At the head fa the bay is the Badn, afi exOeHent harbeulTi «ad aaotber ■. I 7 ; CAPE WHI'rtrLE TO THE MINGAN IfliANDS. 10 1^ harbour is femed b^ cd arm running in -an E. by N. dinotion. named the TertiaiT Shell Bar, whioh is equally safe. Farther out than these harbours the bay is more than half a mUe wide, and quite suffloiently sheltered for the safety of any vessel with good aoohors and oables. • . ' Outside the entranoe of the bay are two. sma}l dangerous ledges, named the South and South-west Breakers, the first of whieh his only 12 feet on it, and shows only in heaTy weathw; itUM W.N.W* | W. from the small low islet outside Wolf Islet, and IS the outermost of any danger on this part of the coast. The South-west Braaker has but 8 ftet on it, and bears N. W. by N.. 3^ miles from the South Breaker, and west 21 miles from Point Audubon, the west side of the bay. The passage into the bay lies between these breakers, and in sailiug in, the rule is, to leave Outer Islet (die low islet off Wolf Island) and the roots to the northward of It, 800 fiuhoms to theleaat#ard, and when abreast of these rook4 • ohain of low rooks, extending off to the s6uth-west of Emery Island, will be seen right ahead. Bring the point of this chain to bear N.E. f N., when it will appear on with the extreme point of the mainland, on the N.W. side; near the head of Uie bay, and run in on this msik, leaving some rocks. wUoh^BOO fathomcoff the east side of Audubon Isleto, to port, and then haul to the noiiMMTrd a little, so as to leave the Emery Rooks on the star- board. Their outer jioint beafti N.N.E. ^ E., 8 miles from OuteTlslet, and when up to them, the bav is open before you, and dear of danger. The farther in, the better the ground, and the less the.^swell^ with 8.W. winds, whieh Sre the only winds that send any slrell into the ba^. .Tectjiay Shell Bay is quite olear, excepting a small rock, on* dbarter of a mO» within the entranoe, which you must leave on the star- board hand; within it is p4|rfsctly land-locked, with firom 5 to 11 fathpms, muddy \ To enter the Basin, you, leave TertiaryiShell Bay, and the point of low rooks to the \ northward of it, to the east, and continue the course till within half a mile of the island, at the head of the bay. ' Theiv«teer over to the eastward, towards that island, to avoid a dioal of boulder stones, extending 200 fathoms off the west side of the bay, leaving a deep channel between it uid the island, 100 fathoms wide. Leave the islaiid 60 fathoms to the eastward, and as you pass through, the water will deepen from to 19 ftthoms, and as soon as you are past the inner end of the island, haul to the N.W., into the mouth of a small bay. anchoring in 8 fathoms, over inud, ukl per* ftctly sh^tered. On the east side of the entranoe of the river, is a house occupied for fur-tradin|[ and salmon-fishing. In running for the bay from the westward, you may either pass between the South- west and South Brsakers, by bringing the inner or N.E. end of Wolf Island to bear East, and stef ring for it ; or by bringing Outer Island to bear nothing to the south ward of East, and running towards it, until you are within less than a mile,-vhen yoi may haul in for the Emery Bocks, as before. Thirteen miler to the westward of Ooacoaeho Bay is the Biver Olomaoosbeebo, Paint, or La Bomaine, for each of these names it bears. It is very shoal, and has • traduig post on its east side, and can scarcehr be seen from the sea on account of the islets, but may be known by' the low sandy cliffs, covered with sjvuoe trees, on either side of tiie entrance. The coast to the.eastwazd and westward is fioonted with in- numerable islets and rooks. When saiUng to the westwud, soon after leaving4he nver, you will see Treble Idet and Loon Bockf/tte latter an S miles from tb^main and always viaibia, and hre the ootermost dang^ (^ this part of the coast. Wash-aheeootai Bay, 10 miles west of Ok>manoeli«ibo, has off its entrance sevsnil small rofCy ledgM, msking it veir difBeult of aoo«JM. Three mUes within Oloudbeny Point,, the western pobit of the bay, the bay oontraots to a very narrow inlet, with several rocks and idets in it, and after proceeding about 8 miies yoii will reach * trading poet of the Hvdson Bi^ Company. ^.^«*Qn*nw Biver, another poet of the Hudson Bay Company, 4} miles westward of Clondbeny Point, is situated 8 miles within thewest point of a bay fidl of smaU islets and racks, and beeomes narrow and rapid just within the entrance. It will be known by the heosse on the east side of the entraaee, and idso by a remarkable medpitous nd ridM of granite, about 200 feet high, and 8 milee to the west of the river. It oan be Bssd only by boats and very- small vessels. KioASRu Bat.— About 4i milea to the westward of Musquarre Biver is Oorlew Pomt. havmg off it several low bare rocks and ledges which an always visible; this you f) 109 CAPE WHITTLE TO THE MINQAN ISLANDS. "A, point forms the eastem.8!(de of Kegtahk* Bay, » wild place, safe onlr in Bne we«tb«r and has a sandy bottom with bad holding ground. The western side of the bay is • Keglshka Point, oonsisting of an island nearly joined to a rocky peninsula, and dis- , tinguished from all other ulandi) on this coast, by being partly oovered with spruce trees. A chain of sniiaU inlets, wide apart from each other, afford very indinerent shelter from the prerailing southerly i|inds,and th^ heavy sea wuich they roll in upon the coast The best berth is in the N.W. corner of the bay, where the vessel must be .moored with an open hawse to the eastward, andvhave a third anchor on shore to the 8.W. so as to be able to haul close in under the point, in the 8.W. and' southerly gales; her bows will then be within 15 or 20./»thom8 of the rocks, and the spray of the sea, breaking on the point, will reach her bows. To enter the bay, the best channel is between a smaU and low black islet, lying be- tween Green Island ^whioh is covered with grass, three-quarters of a mile eastward of Kegashka Point) and Kegiuhka Point Tbi| channel is 170 fathoms wide, and 8 deep. Mid is quite cleat' ; the only direction necessaiy when coming from the westward, is to give the south e)ctremity of Kegasltka Poifat a berth of * quarter of a mile, or to go no nearer than 8 fathoms; then run along the east side of the point, which is quite bold, leaving all the islets on the starboard band. Three-quarters of a mile on a N.E. ^ N. course, will bring you to the narrow chani^l between the westernmost islet and the inner end of Kegashka Point; haul rpund the point ta the north-westward, at the dis- tance of half a cable, and when within it, anchor as befwe stated. ImJDOtning from the eastward, give Curlew Point a berth of half a mile, and run N.W. %;N. 3:^ miles, till the inner end of Kegashka Point bears Korth, and, then pro- - . QBwiaa before. It is high water on the days of fuU and change of the ;noon at lO^b., \with a rise at spring tides of ft feet :>: \ Three miles to the westward of Kegaahka Bay is the river, which affords only Hqelter for boats. Within the entrance Uiere is a fishing station. lATASHQUAN POINT.— From Kegashka River the qpast runs 15 mUes to the westward to Natashquan Point, in nearly a straight line]! and presents nothing re- markable, consisting principally of a stmdy beach in front of sandy cliffs covered with spruce trees. Nearly 5 miles, to the westward of Kegaahka Biver, and 1) miles off shore vou will meet with a rocky shoal, which should not be approached nearer than 17 fathoms, not having been examined. Two mUes, before reaching Natashquan Point is Mont Joli, a small eminence, •oarcely dWinguishable. Captain Bayfield remarks that " Mont Joli has no ex- istence, at iMst there is no mountain, nor even anything that deserves the name of a hill; but nekr the termination of the sandy cliffs, which end at the S.W, extremity of Natashquan Point, the sandy ridge, with spruce trees, rises into a slight mound, a very little higher thW the rest of the country. This is Mont Joli; but so little remark- able in its appfearanoe that we should not have noticed it, had it not been for its name." \ ». The Ood Bank»\pS this part of the coast, are of sand, gravel, and broken shells, •nd h*ve 24 to 40 fathoms on them. They are from 6 to II miles from the shore, with .50 fathoms between. There is a small ood bank, with 4| fathoms least wate)!,< «ti:| wiles S.W. fron^the S.W. end of Natashquan Point <' On the west side ofjNatashquan Point is the river of the same name, having an entrance of about a milViu vridtb. An^ialand divides this eOtranoe into two narrow channels, the northernmost of which is neaicly dry, but the southernmost has to 11 .feet water at high tide: Aiihe distance of half a mile from the island, on the south l^ore, there Is a trading-posrand fishery. Above this the river is navigable only for distance df 8^ miles irom the river, is Little Natashquan, Harbour, formed iber of islets and rocks, i^d fit only for small vessels. The entrance to it is me islett on, the east,^King near the month of the Little Natfuliquan th)^ westernmost of which is much the largest, and on the western ude is ~ round-backed islet of grey granite, with a wooden cross on it Off tends 8.W. by S. rathflir more Uian half a mile. Between the two "-" is a central reef, part of which always\ shows, and which i* ' moth .sides; the other aides must hav« a berth in pessing ■nt Kf bigl are the entrj n ff Kt CAPE WHITTLE TO THE MINOAN ISLANDS. m - them. To jgnftr th« harbour, hariilg arrived in 18 fathoms at half a mile (tistant from the harbour, and ma^ out the islets at the entrance, bring the west point df' the longer island on the east side, to bear N.E. by N., and the islet with the oross on it will bear N. bv E. ^ E. j and then steer for the latter, till abreast of the outer part of the reef to the westward, and th^n bearl suffloientlj to the eastward to pass on either side of the central reef, keeping dear of the shoal water on its north and north- east ends, and anchor in the centre of the harboor i(^i fathoms, with the rock of the central reef bearing 8.8. W. \ W., 180 fathoms off, and the cross N.W. by W. * W. Fife miles to the N.W. of Little M4tashquan is Washtawooka Bay, an intricate and dangerous place, full of small islets and shoals. Outside the bay is an islet or rock larger than the rest, named Shag Islet, which-will help to distinguish it. Ten miles from Llttlr Natashquan is Agwknus RiTej', a stream difficult of access on ^count of the small rocks at the tatrahce; and ft miles farther is Nabesippi River, onW admitting boats in fine weather, wt^X trading station on ito west bank. Hence to the westward are Pashuheeboo, Mushkoniatawee, and Washatnagu- nasbka Bays, which are full of rocks and too difficult of access for a stranger, although visited by the coasting vessels. Beyond these are the bays of QueUchoo-Manioouar gon, Feashtebai, and Appeeletat, to which a similar observation may be applied. A good mark to know this part of the coast is Watcheeshoo P6int on the east side ' of Quetachoo-MauioouagoQ Bay, which is composed of granite, 187 felt high, and bare of trees; it is a peninsula, having the appearance of an islet, higher than the rest, when seen tnn4tL distance. It bears E.S.E., 14 miles from St'Oeneviete (one of the Min^an Islanas) arid N.W. by W., 18 miles, fronk Nabesippi. 'inland, 6 mUes from this, 18 the Saddle HiU, 874 feet bigST Along the coast between tlA N«tash- here are innumerable smul and bare i^etsaind. rocks, bqt' the points of the main beyond 2| mil%, Ay^»\, then- ih nearer than 20 fathoms. "^ , unM are low, and estimated nowhere to attain an eleva- tion exceeding 800 feet above the sea, being in general much lower. They possess very little soil, but neveikheless are thickly woodednirith spruce, birch, and poplar, on the side towards the mainland; though towards the sea, barren tracts often occur, oojpaposed either of bat« limestone, or of banks and ridges of liinestone gravel. * Supplies of wood and #ater can readily be obtained firom the principal islands, wild^ hemes are abundant in their season, and so are different rupeds are scarce, t^t there are plenty of seals upon the cod-Osh off the coasf. The ooast of the mainland proceeding ftom west to ea^t, from St. John River to' Mingan, is of sand and clay, low and tbickly-wooded, andlwith a fine sandy beach. Farther eastward the shore is sometimes of granite-, and ia\ others of limestone, the latter rook lying immediately over the former. Mount St. J^pbn, 1418 fiiet hu^ is the highest point of th< bourhood. There are other hills, estimated at lOOa feet leagues farther eastward, about 6 or 7 miles jnlandi an^ Island. With! these exceptions the main is low, especial] the bills' are far back in the country, mong these islands, nev^r exceed a knot, ex4 quan and the Mingans, nowhere extending froi fore, ought not to appro Islands, wb( The tides channels. Tl Itinds of wild fowl. Quad- stone reefis, and a few I maialand in this neigh- re the sear about 6 nearly opposite Quai^ opposite the Eastern 1 ■'>! , - tin|[ in TSry narrow jey are often req^ered irrsgular by the wi^ds, btft in fine settled weather between th^idands and ' the sontlwrti shores of , some of them are verj roumference. Ther are tm St Qehevieve Islan jl. there is a ooni tant alteration of the streams of flood and ebb the main, and also within the distance of 2 or 8 miles ftoi the islands. . • None of the^ iriands, of wliiish there are SO, are inhabii small, and thellargest does not exceed 11 or 13 miles in arranged pandkl to the coast, and extend along it 46 milee the eastemmoi^ to the Perro^uets the westernmost GImt Water Point, which is 14 miles to the westward of St. Genevieve, projects out ■0 as to interrupt, the eontinuation of the efaaiti of islands, and thus sepurates them into two division^, the easternmost of which has been named the Equionaax Islands. a name wlMeh should ' " - * - - division St aENEVIEYE \ IsUmdeti • milt« in tm each of them fully 300 fathoms to the south, S.E., and S.W. ' / The N.W. Bowoi Book, with 8 fbet least water, Ues about 1^ milea E.8.E. ^E. from the eastern Saint, and with the south side of th^ latter on wiUi the centra of the western Saint. ^, The 9.B' Biium ^k, with 6 feet least water, lies two-thirds of a mile B.E. f S. from the north-weef Bowqb Rock, and S.E. by B. | E., If miles, irom the eastern Saint, whinh is just open to the northward of the western Saint These very/langerw ous rooks li^ nearly in a line from the 8.E. point d( St QencTieTe, at the dpmanee of 1^ and 8 miles, respeotirely. There is very dee^ water between and dose to them, and also for ra^er more thaa a^ile to the soo^ward <^ them and the Saints. The soundings are here extremely irregular, ▼utWr from 4 Mid 6 fathoms rock to 4ft fathoms sand, sometimes in a single cast of the lead. The whole of this dangerous part should be avoided by vessels. / HUNIiNO ISLAND, the next westward of St Genevier^, is low, thiokly-wooded and broken iniMnanv coves, fringed with smaU islets androoln cni all sidas^ exoeptlng towards the mainland : it is about 11 miles id^dreumiSsrsodA, ' Its longeet diameter is parallel to the ooaM, and about 4 miles. Off its S.W. point, W9d extending to the distanee of 1^ miles, lie Wood and Gun Idands, leavi^' no passage betweeti, and having reefs running out from them 800 fUhoms to ifau» soutbward. They are both low, and the latter is bare of trees, but coyttred with ip^i^d peat, in which multi- tudes of puffins burrow and rear their young. The Oarie Boek, always above water, vLt rather more &aa a mile off to the south- ward, from near the centre of Hunting luand: it would be highly imprudent for any ship't6''attempt a passage between it andr the island, as there are many ledges scattered /and the Q|:arde is itself the temSnation of a eastern end of the island is likewise beset 1 three-quarters of ia mile to the southward. , with 12 feet least water, lies 2} miles south, The marks on this dangerous shoal are the to the eastward of the westenrn Saint, bearing ' Island on with the south side of the Garde along the southern side of the island long ridge of supkrai rocks. The sout with several reeft, some of which exteii ChUim Shoal, iL small patch of rocjl from the S.E.'point of Hunting IbUd ~ east point of St Genevieve just oped N. 88° E., and the north point of W« Rock, bearing N.W. Between GoUins Shoal and the reefs off the S.K point of Hunting Island, the soundings are irregular, from 4 to 17 fat^n^s over roidiy bottom, and vesseb should not pass tfaer^as ia suoh a place it las impossible to be sure of having discovered every point of ^k which may approach a few fbet newer the sar> fkee than the rest . . ' St. Gknsvikvk amd BxTonvhra HiBBOuBs.-~The first is sitilated betwew the: island of the same name and the/mainland, and the second, betweM Hodtiag bkukd and the main. Both aie excellent harbours, not difficult of access or egress, Md fit for the largest ships. There the East, and the Saints Cham To enter by the Satt Cham tions : — Being at a distanee ti that you i^ farthei )ve^ in ono with Indir" nt of Pillage Bav), retheBowenIUK»si 80 fathoms, over a els. two channels leading to these harbours: namely^ > with an easterly wind, observe the following direo* >m St Genevieve Island, of not less than S mUes, to> out than Bowen Rocks, hring the N.E. point of St,^ Point (a low wooded point of the main, idrming tha "ring N. 86° W. Run in with this mark on, and yoa, a jmile to the westward, uA wiU pass them in bstwesn ttom of fine sand and coral. When the SJS. point of u. .- #%;• ^. CAPE WHITTLE TO THE MINGAN ISLANDS. 101 St. Oeneviave and th« wMt Saint oome in one, ehuig* your ooun* • UtUe ta< th« northwM^, so u not to go too near • flat shod, whioh extends nearly 800 fltthoaa • from tlM east side of St OeneTieTS* Oire the N.£. point of St OenerieTe a berth of a eable's length, and pilsaing as close to the shingly north point of that isUnd aa you please, briog up in lo fathoms, mud bottom, half-way M^ween the latter and Anchor Islandt whioh will be seen lying oloae within the N.W. point of St Gtone<' ▼ioTe. ' " ■ • If yon wish to prooeed to Betohewjun Harbour instead of anchoring at St Oene- vi^re, pass to the northward of Anchor Island, whioh is quite bold on that side, and you will see the entrance of Beiohewun (between the north point of Hunting Island and Partridge Point) bearing W. by N. Mount Partridge, on the N JB. side of the point .of the same name, will be easily recognised, being a wooded and steep-sided hill, similar to, but much lower and smaller than Mount St Oeneriera. The north point of Hunting Island is also a clifTy mound, with a cotc on the east side of it It IS quite bold and yOu must pasa ^ose to it, to avoid the shoal off Partridge Point, which extends a fbll quarter of a mile to the aouthwaid, and diminishes the navigabla'^'^ breadth of the entrance to 860 fathoms. When in the entrance, you will see a low islet in the oentre of the harbour ; steer for it, and anchor with it bearing W. by N., and distant one-third of a mile. The depth of water in the hiydwur ie from 9 to 1^ fathoms, oTcrmud bottom. The distance across from the N.E*. point of St QenevieTe to the main is about • mile, but the navigabldf breadth of the entranm is reduced to half a mile, by the rodn ■ and shoal water off Ledge Point, which is composed of numerous rocks of gnutit* close together. The shoiil water extends from Ledge Point directly across Pillag*, Bay, to Partridge Point, and you must not approach these shoals nearer than 7 fathoms. This east chanliel is the beet with easterly winds, and may be used with moderate westerly winds during the flood tide, br tmssIs not too laige to work in \isuch narrow channels, but they must be careful in Uieir boardato the northwaard, espedaliy in that towards Ledge Point ^. SainU Ckannd.-^'So enter St OenevieTO «nd Betehewto Harboinrs \fj the Saint* Channel, obserre the following directions t— Bring the west ptrints of St QencTieT* and Anchor Islanda in one, bearing North, at a distaaoe of not less than 5 miles from tho former, to be sure that you are outside of Collins Shoal. Bun in upon this leadioff mark, until the north aidea of the two Saints come in one, bearing E.SJB. \ E. The east sides of Mount Partridge and of Huntiag Island (or rather of an island joined to it at low Water) will come in one at the sane time, b^ing N.W. br N. ; steer upon this last-naqed leading mark (to aroid a reef whiohjCxtends 9flD nthoms from the S.W. point ef St GtaneTieve), until the east side of Iff onnt St GeneTieve, seen over the sandy S.E. point of Anchor Island, cornea in onle with the N.W. point'of lE^. OsoBTicTe Isltad, bearing N.N.E. \ E. Change Toujr oouise now to north, whioh will tdie Tou in through the centre of the ohannel between St QeneTioTe and Hunt* ing Idands, aii4 you qiay either proceed to St Gtoneviere Harbour, round Andibr taund, giving its west end a berth of S oablee' length, or to Betohewun Harbaot along the N.E. side of Hui^ng Island, which is quite bold. Tnedirection8Ju8t|[i«enfor the Saints Ghaaiiei will lead a ship in betlreen the dangers off St Oeneneve and Hunting Islandb, in not less thao 30 ISitboiis water, and she will not have a lees depth until she is in as Ctr as Anchor Island. The breadtfi bomrsi Indeed BO little sea oomea in, that the wkde space mav be considered as a harbour capable of holding a great number of vessels of~the.laigeet class. Wood and water tsay be obtained, the Jitter from smatt ntrnaaia, either on the main or mi the islands. There is an inner harbour at Betehewnn, to the weatward of the low islet which baa been mentioned^ but from thence there is no diaanel, excepting for boats, to pass oat to the wsotlraKl between Hunting Idand and the main. , The ti^ between 'St 0«neviev4 ond Hnntiog lahuodsi and the mainland, am mooii influenced by the winds; but their rates seld^gnpiount to a knot at any time, ahd IdMiwno > - ' t, .. 1 tv _ „, - .;.:■.-.:,;;; '^1 :/. yy'^r' J$^ ^—'- '^^i--- -y^i .-' A^^ ioe CAPE WlilTTLE TO THE MINOAN I8LAH0S. •:*:, wn umally naoh lew. ex6eptiDg through the •hallow and i end of Betohewun lUrbour, where there i$ at Umea a c6n)K.»~ .. GHARI.£S ISLAND, the next westward of HunUng lalan parallel to the ooaet, and J| wide. It ia about 200 feet high ahoale ; but at the distance of three-quarters of a mile south fro ' is ii patch of rooky ground on which no less tb|£h ft fathoms has bad better be avoided by. large vessels. The east point of Gbaiaea Island bears N.W. by W., nearly i point of Oun Island. The former of these points is quite bold ihe N.W.; but to the 8.W. it has a reef extending Sf»Q fathom the entrance to Puflln Bay, which is open to souther^ Winds. V Charles Island and half-way towards a sh9al cove in this island age in 7 fathoms, mud bottom, at the distance of 2 cables fro 8.E. winds send in a considerable swell. In the N.E. corner o hjinnel at the Hrest ||is as miles long, fid, and free from IP east point, thaira found, but Which iUes, from the west ' qo is th«' latter to Between them is , lin the east point of ;hera is good anchor- the island ; but the his bay Is the narrow entrance (between shoals oflrRsgg Point and Hunting Vs'l^df/fRsre feiy, which hw N.W. part^ but has T«ry de^p ws" ide tolerable anchorage in iu . ,_ „ ,„ Hunting Island, and is separated froth the western pa^t the shoal and narrow channel for boats between th^ isla mentiontd. Charles Harbour, between the island and the mai seonre, and deep enough fbr vessels of any size, but wide. Within, it expands to a quarter of a mile length Both entrances are 7 fathoms deep, but enter from the eastward through Puffin Bay. ,1(. 4 to 6i fathoms, with mu^ bottom. Strong winds occasionally cause the tides to/run entrances of the harbour, but in general there i/only To enter this harboor from ^ffii^ Bay, br2g the which is high and clifiiy, to bear N.W.j, then sfeer fair to 180 fathoms, as you haul round it to the Vestwiird To enter from Trilobito Bay, give the N.W. poiikt to 140 fathoms, as you haul round it to 8.£. by £ from the eastern narrow entrance into Charlea Hi water, which cunrea round parallel to tha mainl nearly fills up all the N.W. part of Jrilobite Bay. WHALE ISLAND, one quartei^if a mile fW)m |he east side of Ammonite JPoint and with shoal water betwetJg theq/i. isdistant 800 fitboms to the westward of dharlea Island. ^ Both island, •"^bpl^and dii^, and T|5lobite Bay is Kl^thei w S racelleutuicborage. well ehelterea from all but soMerly winds. JrbeW danmr to be avoided when workinff into iTrilobito Bay if/a reef off Ammonite P^ntShich Include, a small islet, and'exlend. half a miS <2.hore. The mark to deS thirreJ? when running along the coaatU* to keepOun l2Snd open to the wuthward of Obarl.^ Idand. and when hauling infirm th»w&twM5.into'Trilobito Bay, keep the norS J^S* *''™*'*'**i ^*''""* **" "P""* *® »•>• wuthWard of Whale Idand. '^ ™ *T'5™f*'/ P«»nt. «tout 8 milea weatward of Ammonite Point, and 21 miles west. JSf U afsiutSirJ! ''^' r"* ""^ '•*" "^•^"'^ •^'"* quartt^orr »£ -i?!?.?!**^^"?"^ J*^ t*y between Pointa Clear Water and Ettnimaui, along !?A?iifi?**" *"*•* ?°» e<»«P^ous«iiftof sandand day.that dittiSguisb tbispnt fui^i.*«**,^ ' ^•T^u'5* r- ^T '*"<»•* *Hi»«t*nd. a'condderable'Srtanee £om *''-1 '^TiJ^ round thi. bay. and oppeaiteK^a Cowldand the S-fathom mSkiia mue out from the Mwdv beach. "•»»«i»» ^^Due wejrt, and U mflea^om Clear Water Point, lie. a rockr S-fathom .hod. and ttiere ue *hwe others with 2 ftttkom., lying.to the porthward of the flnrt. and in a£e from the potot, to^wm WalriS Idand: the outer or we.temmo.t of them betaj rather mora than 9 mile, from the point * * The mark for the outormoat of these^Ult is the Muth nde of the high land o? NiapiMsa Idand in one with the wuth point of Gnll Idaud, bearing N.W. bv W. 1 W • or the north potat of Fri.ht Idand, onSrith the Muth ddiSEStofdani and open to Iha •outhwardofGreealdtnd, b«»ing N.W. by W. lie jSlfa« m!£k fo. ir on the side towards letchewun Harbour by and the main, befora very narrow, is perfectly ices are only 80 fathom. iree-quarter. of a mile in ,aes over 4 fathoms if you I deptMwithin the harbour is fh>m the rate of 2 knots in the eak stream with either tide. E. point of Charles Idand, . and give it a berth of 100 ito the harbour. Charles Idand a berth «tf 60 Into the harbour. All the way \T there is a broad zone of shoal tin it joins Whale Island, and ' * ' •• > ■■' bAPE WHITTLE TO THE MINOAN ISLAND^ 107 ad haul round it,/ the eut entrano ptMiag ontcldfl thsae shoalt, at the dialAnoe of h«lf a nil*, U th« MUth poi/it# of OuU and Fright lalanda in on«. bearing N.W. br W. / WALRUS ISLAND lies A mile* to the W.N.W. from Clear Wate;^PoU>t,/and Sea Cow laland is close to the N.'K. of it The two iilanda together oover ihe/ apaoe.of 1| mile*, in a N.E. direction, and are steep and precipitous, eioepting to tpe south- ward, it which direction the reef off Sea Cow Island eitends thrse^amen of a mile, and tbjkt off Walrus Island, 200 fathoms. J Th^n is a dear ohaonel tjo the westward of these islands, ana also between them and tjne Clear Water Shoals. This latter channel is 1 V miles wide, and, although not the best, may be used in proceeding to Esquimaux Harbour ^m the eastwud, by . runiiiog upon the leading mark, which has been given for olearing^e shoals to the westward.o/ Clear Water Point, until the east sides of Esquimaux afid Walrus Islands oome in one. Then steer for the N.E. side of Sea Cow Idli^d, atrthe distance of not less than i cables, to the nolrtb-westwi of the harbour. ORE EN ISLAND, small, low.eovered wUh grass, wlth^fb Stretching north „ jlouth, S70 fiftthoms, but bold to the east and west, lies ^ye-sixths of a mile W.N. /from Walnis Island; and a third of a niilE., then si round the south point of Quin lah^id, wb|cb is quite mile*, to the entranee of the harbour. But the best channel from the wei^Ward iowaids Esqiiii nel;. it lies between Quin Island uid thf main, whieh, ai two-thirds of a mile to the N.MfE. from the north jpoii water extend* only • cable's lenMi to/the northward fi aux MortSi and aiso off the smfiu i ' to the W.N W. from it, the reefs extebd SOO/fathoms water is eontinuou* to the eastward,/aoross um month northward of the harbour, and between Point anx M( depth of water in Quin Channel Jm from f to 9^ ff sandy bottonr. EsqoniAUX Habbodb lie* bcti^eenr the same name, and between that iuand and from Esquimaux Point, whien bounds Point, having the entrance pf/a small tin quite bold to the S.W. " M ba* been mention Island, N.E. out h« \ ■ in I^and and the reefb off Inel Wy be used with »; balding up to the east 9ne inp the eouth side of 'so as to pass ok)** dthenoeE. byN.,9 Harbour is Quin Chan- int aux Moris, is distant of th* island. The shoal the latter, but off Point wbieh lie rath*r/more than a third bf a mil* the tottthward, and the shoal f the wide bay, whieh is to the' and Esquimaux Point Th» loms, with roeli^, graTsUy, or ortib and N.E. points of the island of the bemaiiuuid. The island is 400fathalB* « NJy part nf the harbomr. Esquimaax ir on us west side, oonsiats of aan^'Mid 1* •hoals extend nom it aoroas the bays on, either rila, N,E. /point0 9f EiqninuMix Xtland i-1 Olip WIIin^E TO TMK MINOAN ISLANDS. w«l>m th« harbour ii frbm 5 to 16 fftthomt, otw a mndf bottom. The hmm in whloli J-*i« may Mohor !• newly r* mUe. long. In a N.W * W. dimtlon.VhJoh is th> Dift^mg uf tke |H>inU of the Mand from each otbar, adll the areraga breadth of tb< Mrto«r 4. oabW length. Th«e i< therefore r«om for a great numbeTf reeeeli "wo^ a #fc« tr-^or w«n o»er towaitb th« Island i^*^ is, within the line Joining ito norUi •nd N t. t^.-i.^a. and in not more than 11 tmm» watw), wiU be aheltered from all winde. , HuppiM of good water 0*7 be vroeured f^m the rirer at Point Esquimaux, or tram smaU «treams on the island, and wood ie plenUfal. -^ "™»"*. Brief direetions haVe been already giren for Sea Cow. Fright, and Quin Channels leading to this exoellent harbwir. Pot the beet channels tern the eastwuS andS^ waid. obtMrre the following diieeUons :— -^ ana wj^ « The beet tfhannel with e^terly winds is the Walrus Channel, lying between Wal^ and Ore» lelands. This channel is three-quarters of a mile 4ide, with a fathoms ^* *?*•«• f°° '* *" *"3Jy neoeesary to gire either island a berth of 900 fathoms to be ""r. # « «l*ngws. Bsintf 8 or 8 milee outside of tbeee islaada; bring the N.E. potot of EsquimMii Island to apoear about half-way between the two islands abore E mentioned as forming the ebannel. and it will bear about north. Steer for it. and Irtng it a berth of a cable's length, haul round it to the north-weetward into tha arbour, and anohor In the denth and poaition whioh has been recommended. The beet channel with westeriy^nds is to the weetward of Fright and Quin lalatids between them and Niapisoa Island, and then between Qf in IslaSd and the main. tR ratsnt and noeition ofihe reeft off Frivhtand Quin lalands havelwen alrvMlr elTen ^^S^^iJr^A'i^'^'}** r'i? «»»,l»«««to«>« ^tending half amUe to the southwMfd ; and also a quarter of a nfiile to the eaetwwd, from Its 8.E. and eaat points between which a Teiy remarkable group of flower-pot rocks will be sMn standinff on ■ 4he Umestooe just aboTS high-water mark. From its eaet jpoint. which is the eouth point of a bay in the island, another reef runs ont^alf • mile to the N.E. by E.. but there is ample space between these reefs and Fright Island, the channel being over a mUe wide In the narroweet part, anil between mand 40 fathoms deep. Li running «br this channel flrom the westrnJilMer^e the foUow/og directions:— '*^*w^7* ^ .*^ ^**^ ?*^ !^ slsaifiFlhe south ^«ef of Nia^sc* Island by "WI^ *T°f"? '?"«*'•• *f *»»• NW. point of Flight Island in one with the south end oT Quin Islrad : do not therefore open thoee isIand»oleav of each other, until tou tV*i*'~I1?i«![?l*'?v'''"!fL^5!^°5.^- ♦ ^•«* "»"•• ft«» *^« "MfiitpoinVof Niapisea)in dght to tbe sutward of Niapisoa. Having done so, haul in through the ebuinel, steering N.N.E. f E., and when you open Moutange Island (next westward of Moniac) to tBe northward of Nlapisca; youVill be fljew of the i.E b/E iSrf «^^^™ r*- ?■"* up now, If. necessary, dear tbe i«ef» whioh presets half a '^T'iV- !^" *•»•,"»'?'« P«*°» »' Q«*«» '•»«d, untU you not only opm the north '^'S* '5L5TfT."* "j"* *• *•■• northward of Quin Island, but also the north p^int ?*, 8«^Wr Wand to the northward of Esquimaux Island. Bnn in betwee? Suin "'j^'^iS? ^"' ^*t*« lsst-n«ned mariu justopta, bearing about S. 54«> E.. and OiOT wiU lead you past the north point of Quin Island, at the dlstaofw of about 800 fat h o m Si , . iv»,. Thke notice that the mariE for the shoals off J^lnt aux Iforts, and tl wMtwwd of It, la the north and N.E. pointo W^qaioiaux Island Gf.E. I £.; if you q>en them before you are as far to the eastward, as « ♦Itt be Mhon. HaiVing paassd Qbin Islhnd, continue your coarse towvnroie uortii ^i!l^'*L?^'**'"^* ^•"*' "* ^^^ "™"* ** *<» **>• •ooth-eaetwirt into the Harbour. ♦Kj2!!.SteS?"^ "^^ *^i^ 'i f^ **^ ""o* ***"«•» Esquimaux Harbour, tbaflopd ^jfifnilW wrand Clear ,Watsr Foint from' the eastward, and mtaslng to the west- ■*- Island and the main.. The ebb flpws In the contrary diraction. fa«tween Fright snd Niapisca'^ands, aa,d the ebb seta out M^ Alt these. stotsMus are much iBflneaced, b«th in their rato theibb is maeh accelerated by weetorly winds in wardliet Tbe floott through _ and duratl Esdounaux NIA there ^Jtimes fVilly 9 knots. »w^ *k.. o W^S^^KI li^tiS*^ ^.•'.* *^ *'***^y mentionec^, Is rather S!- ^ ? 'SW^^^ ^2!* ■**"**; ** » P"rt»7 cowwd with wm3, and has *h»"PriwU»d|Pffls,m«»oeedinj 800 feet in height. QUABBT ISLAND, nearly 8i miles long, and about the same height as Niapisoa, ^^ A ' rhcdrath , I in whioli ''1% oh i« thC^ ith of. VbS^%''"- i», whioh, ito north from all quinwttx, ^^ CAPE WHIlTLfc TO TKE MINOAN ISLANDS. «1 V' IM is Mparfttod from the lattar by • oh«nael 87i fiUlloma wide, with » Mnall M«t in It, but no Mf* pMMge for thipiiinit, bwMUiM of ■heal* io the bn 10 |Im touth ward, and of a raof wnioh atratohaa bayond tha aaiatl ialat. Othnr rcen also run out ona-tbinl 01 a milo from tha waat aids of Niapiaoa. and from tb« ■puth vida of Quarry laUmd. Quarry Cova ia on the north aide, and two-tbirda of a mile to the ftorth-wMtvtfd of tha aaat and of the island. It ia 830 fkthoms wid«. and about 400 ds»|^, Wk »^ t'athoma df water in the entrance, shoaling gradually to 4 fathoms, with mud baUoin oloae to its bead. The ialanda and ahoala along the mainland are! distant onW 8 railea to the northward of this oore,, whioh thus beoomee a completely land-looisd, though very amall harbour. No other direotiona |re requisits, than keepiug the weat aide iioaiiaf ai| board in entering, and to anchor near the centre in or 10 fathoma. Oeo^JwMmil be obtained from a amall atraam in tha 8.W. orarnar of the ooto. Up cMjMr o^nuel, named Quarrr Ohannel, betwean Quarry Iiland«nd Laifa 'hMw^tha next westward. This channel ia 400 (athoma wide from island , inl^ narroweet part, where the shoal water off Large laland diminiabea the breadth to 880 fathoma. The only direotiona n^osssaiy are to bring the bear N.N.E.; then run in keeping in its centre until ti^o-thirda of a mile within the 8.W. point of Quarry Island, after which you mar kMp that ialai^lil close on bo«rdi aa tha remainder of tM cbann^, li milea, ia quite Bold on that side, wtiile thji a^jrt waiar ettenda IftO Cathoaia from Largo laland. Tha flood tuna alowly in tbrough thiK ohannel. and the ebb aa alowly out LARGE ISLAND ia of an oval abape, the lonoett diameter ttm north to wuth being 4 milea ; it ia rather more than l\ mUea in olreumfcrenoe, thtwly-woodad, ind in ita higheat part eatimated at 200 feat abora the.aea. Beefs of flat limestone flgilMd off ite south and S.W'. po^ate to the diatance of nearly three-quarten of a ■ile, the mark for the aouth point of tbaee ipaafa, in a fathoma, ia the south pointo of NiapiJ and Fright Idanda in one. On ite„weat aide, a mile to the northward of ite. a,} point, that* *"* Aumy flower-pot and arahed rooks, ataading on tha flat limept abov« the prsaent high-water mark. ' ' i- A The Miadle Beef Ues juat within the line joining tha south pointe of Large aM' HiQgaii^'IalandB, and 2 milea westward of the former. A part of this reef is always abora water, but^il is not 80 fathoms in diameter, though tne atutal around it ia half a mile long in a N.£. by N. directian, and ona>tbird of a mile wide. The mark for Aa eaat aide of thif Ireef, in 4 fathoma, ia the east sides of the two Bireh Islanda ia oike. The naf igabla passage between thia raef and Large laland named the Large Chan- nel, ia 1| milea wide, and baa a depth of 64 fkthoma. Thia ia the ohannel thai ahould be used by a Tesael prooeeding to liingan Harbour with an aaaterly find, and in doing ao the only thing neeessary.to be obaarred ia, that the reefa extend to the waat- ward off the shore of Larga laland, from 8 itf S eablea' length, as far in aa the Flower- pot Oolumna, after which the ialand beoomsa bold. There ia little or no warning by the lead on the Large laland aide, but the Middle Beef aaij be appi^acbed to Iti Ckthoou, which, on the eaat side, is more than half a mile mm it. Farther in, the Birch Island* form the weat aide of this channel, at Ifte distanoa o^ nearly S milea from Large Ipland ; tba aaat 8id» of the Outer Birch is quite bolm tha soutlr S>int of the imoner. But theM ia • Tory dangaroua Itaef'^ off the weat «ide of the Outer irob laland, extending 9A0 fathoma from the ahore. The channel between the two Birch Ialanda ia BOO fiufboms wide, but the ground is all foul, and not more than ^ fathoma opuld be oarried through by a stranger. Tha Outer Birch Island is about a mile in diameter, and about 800 feet in height, and it haa a ramarkableiflower'pot rock on ite 8.W. point The Inner Bbrch Isl«nd is rather larger; ite,N.^W. point ia kwig and low, extenduag half a mile to the weatwaid from the body of the ialMd, with a curve to the S.W. ; ^ thia point there ^i* a reef running out half a mile to the westward, and having 19 fathoma within a cable's length of ito edge^ Half a mile to the 8.W. of the sMne point, there is a small low islet, cloae to the poutb pdnt of whidi stands a very rstM^bla rook, named the Hulh Book, iron ite. lasambUnoe to tha hulk of « wreaked faoaaL The laef of flat Umaatona, dij at Jow I %} 1 A ' k '■ 1| i '■.;;;< ■ r . SS 1 ID CAPJ5iWHITW.E XO Tfl^v MtNOAN :l 1^ ^**'i '^Sl/^S?^ ?*• ^T^i^*^ *»'«^o'' »«« poinfrof the Inner B!rob * 5!f*^**^* *2? f**^« off the 1^ tp.the 8.W., an/deo 800 Atthoms to the -^ • * J!!!2!^i "^ ;?*^ ^•??.?*^f^*® thei d.W. between the Birch Iriande, and ilao between fliem «oa the ]^ddl opp om 80 to 40 to the 8.W., 8,inclosiTe, anel, which ing on the ands nearly i miles in STeral small liles. These the newest tlow water, of )f oniac ig« between m both ; so » the north- to less than E>S>E« from s small and re a cable's it there is a I the south and should snnelis If loms. The Uy of sand, ud and the loepting a J Point, to CAPE OASPE TO POINT ESOUMINAO. til ' within a mQe of the Perroquets. There is often a great rimde off this shod, cansed by the flood tide being tamed off by Long Point toward the S.W. .This channel lAay be oonrenienjtly used, in going to Mingan Harbour with a northeriy wind. Long Point oonsisto of sand, and there is a fine beach from tbenoe to the eastward, as far as Mingan Harbour inclttsiTe. ' MiKOAN Habbodb is the narrow but well-sheltered space betweeh Harbour Idand and the mainland ; the latter is b#, and has a fine sandy beach, while the island is of limestone, about 100 feet in hdght, thickly-wooded, precipitous and bold towards the harbour, but shelnng and shoal to the souttiward to the distance of a quarter of a mile from the shore. The length of the island is 2 miles, and ito greater breadth d6es not amount to half a mile. The reeb off the east and west ends of the island, and which are the prit&cipal things to guard against in entering the harbour, extend 240 fathoms out from the high-water mark. The mainland recedes from the idand in the eastern- part of the harbour, which would, in oonsequenoe, be exposed to easterly winds, if it were not for a sandr shoal, diy at low water, which extends 700 bthoms out from the entrance of the Mingan River. This river is only capable of admitting boato at high water, and ito mouth is opposite the east end of the island. The eastern entrance of the harbour, between the above sandy shoal and the island, is 300 fathoms wide, the westorp^ntranoe between the mainland and the island is 170 fathoms wide, the whole breadth in both entrances beiikg in deep water. The space within, in which vessels may anchor in safety, is about a mile Jong by 270 fatlioms wide, with plenty of w«tor for the largest ships, over a bottom of Ane sand. Although these entrances are so narrow, there is little difficulty in taking a vessel in of the size of a sloop' of war, and large frigates have oocMionally visits the harbour. To *»t$r Mingan Harbour, ohtem the following directions :-^In approaching it from the eastwwNl, bring the north or innesside of Harbour Island to beu N.W., and the houses of tlie Hudson Bay Oompilny's poet ought then to appear open fully their own breadth to the northward of the iuana. Steer for those houses so open, uiaving the east end 6t the ipifiid 150 fathoms to the southward, or on your left, and taking eaie to keep the south^e of the san^ pii^nt of the main, which forms the westom entrance of the harbour, shut in behind 'Ihe north side of Uie island; for when they are in one, you will be on shore on the sandy shoal off Mingan River. Aftor you have passed the east end of the island, run along ite north side at the distance of a cable, and ohoose your berth .anywhere near the centre of the harbour, in firom to 18 fathoms, sand bottom. When running for the harbour from the westward, run in towards the sandy beach of the mainland at the distance of three-qu«rtors of a mile to the westward of the island, until tbe'sanBy point of the mainland, which forms the west end of the harbour, comea in one with the face of the clay cliffs,,to the eastward of the Hudson Bay Com- pany'^ bouses, bearing E. by 8., or until you are in 11 fathoms water. .Run upoti this mark, or course, along tne beach, and give the above sandy point of the mainland a berth of half a cable, as you pass into the harbour, and choose your berth as befoi^ directed a . Mingan Harbour is perfectly secure in all winds, and, like Esquimaux Harbouf; it has this great advantage, that vessels can enter or leave it eitiier with easterly or westerly winds. r From Long Point, a broad beach of fine sand reaches to the River St John ; out* aide of which shoal water-extends to the distance of three-quarters of a mUe. VBM WEST AIIBSOtrrH COASTS OP THE OTtF. ^L CAPE OASP]^ TO POINT EBCUMINAC , J fiAsni is a remarkable headland, of limestone, having on its N.E. side a ''ttnge of vMUt which rise from the sea to the height of 002 feet Off the south-east H ! . iii '! ! I lis CAPE OASPE TO POINT ESCUMINAO. extremity ot the oftp« thare wm till recmUT a T«ry nmi^Itabla white rock named ihn Rower-pot Bwk. Ship'. He«l. or Old v/omaT Th/uTof S^ h^l^ worn 80 much by the aoUon of the Bea. u atlMt to eaiiw its faU into deep water. ' Off Cape Gaepi Uiera are several rocky patehes. fr^ented hy the iiahwmen. They all he in the same direoUdn tnm Flower-pot Rook JKB-E. i if. The first is a sm£ ?^*> ^*^8 fathoms iMst water, the seoond h2s 16 fiuhoms. and Ae third 10 Juhoms. Their distenoes from the took are seren^Shths. U, and 18 miks i«LeotiTelir '^''tm^7"*if ^ imgularsoundiagB betySn thim, «d Jhe"J2iXSd £ on the hank of sottndings lying off this ooast / •««-iiiw»i«wm w At the lUstanoe of 7i miles, S.8.W. i w/from Oium Oasp«, is situated Point Peter, forming the N.E. point of Mai Bay, and the souApoiat of QaspHa? It is «''?''* T^-^P^' "« tWokly eoTe«dWh ^ white hou£ of Se flSwi ^^^i''!^^^'*':^^\*'^J»^omfm¥^VeU^^ and is smaU, low. and of sand-^ Stone. Between the island and the point there is a dear channel, hut no oood^ awjborage: for although vessek oteaaiondly anchor to the northwvrd of tb« island, jret the ground is so foul, that then is/great danger of losing an anchor from it^ Wing the «><*^^From^Flat Islanfto OapeoV. wwJtSiSXof gLS Bay, the course IS NJ7.G.7f miles. / """iio OASPB BAY possesses adTantagt/which may hereafter render it one of the most important plaras, in a maritime poihlTof iriew, in these seas. It containaan excellent outer roadstead off Douglas ToW; a barhour at ito head, eapabir"hoWinra 3;?r^!S%J2.P*^*"^**y'^^»»»«^'>»«" ^ la.gitstip.nShtbVh54 tTl Af^^ r^ TTJ^ *••• ^' '«»» ^•t W^l to the enfof Bandj^ beach Point, which forms the hi^bour, is NT by W. J W. rather more than 16nSS. in undulations to the chain of mountains about ^eatnni shore of the bay. The south-western shore of to l)ougla8 Town, a distance of 12 miles, preaente a llan^ Shoal water extends neariy a third of a mile _ ji ^ ii iT — .— T — "»? would beware of this, since the water shoals tdo rapidly to allow of muoh wkming by the lead. i«2^1^'J^: ^ Kv*I**y **••** ^ f" anchorage, with good holding gromid. but S ftL^ >•" n^^e, except within a quarter of a m^e of the shSrJ^^t of St George Core, GraiMTGrtTe, and LitUe dasp«. This side is bold, and^Sfiim a^n^n^7^f the exception of the sSlRocks, which aie th^ SlyStoSS .?* ^•! ''***^^»P« ^'^f «• mile S.E. by S. from Oane '»e off shore. The length of this reef, from 8 fathoms to\B aon paituld to the shore, is half a mile; and ito bieadth a The least water is 4 feet, and there are 8 to 8| fathoms between When on the outer edge of the Seal Bocks. Cape Bnil6 is in one Pfmt up the bay, beuing N. W> W. by compass, and this only ' the aaiety of yesaeb beating, for the rocks are out of the way From Point Peter the lind .^ miles inland from the south- Gasp^ Bay, from Point Pet sucoeaston of preoipitouf h^ from the eUSb, and Teasels The Seal Books Bruie. and half a fathoms, and in a quarter of a m it and the shore., with the next ^ mark is sufficient with&irwio^ Douglae^wn is a village of fishermen and farmers, standing on the rising around at the so^ side of the entrance of the Biver St John. The roadSad Sf thftoSm fa extensiT*. and Tcssels may anchor in any part of it, and in any depth from 11 to 6 fcthom^eversMjd Md (flay bottom: although the beet berth is in 7 fathH. with fteentrwoe of the.BiTer St John bearing K.W., by W.l J miles. Tbe^oSl»Md distance frona Qape Gaspi to this anchorage is N.W. by W. 7f miles. TheVeiThow. thTia^ iS^^ "i^ ^"^T ^\^' ^^ «•»•=•• ^^^ Wows direSy iSI, ?,«hSL^„jS.„ •?'t!t'L"'*"* , The nding is. nevertheless, much less beacon ! SJ2T« . /? °"*fl' be expected ; and, as the ground is exOellent for holdiog. * s !Tu "^ ^*'y ^"'Sr ^^ ^"""8 the summer months. Water may be ob- S?J?7rLli /*"• V*!" ?" **i*^ ®,^~* "f ''•*•' »" the entrance of this river, which is between two ^ointe of sand ; and there are 18 feet of water in the narrow 6hannel for some dist&ce within. At the islands the river becomes shaUoVand ^'*5'lu T''° ""•• »»orthward of Douglas is Gape Haldimand, a bluff point of cliff, and the Muth^eastem temnnation of the range olr hOls which separates the harbour ^°i?Sk^S^xJfe"^^*^^'*»"^^«'StJohn. ^ enaroour, GABPE HARBOUE.—From the NJl. side of Cape Baldimwd. S«94ybMoh Poj an< gra a I bee rol bel ^ iti gi\ lov ite pel na of 2i sic en -^ P< P< be or in l^ P< in cc is m si m I tl ai h n ai S CAPE GASPE TO POINT ESGUMINAO. 918 oekt nunad tbe rook had been eep water. ' benaen. They first is • smaU 1 the third 10 esreq»BotiTelr. itFineili«ned IB situated Point ^Bay. It is bensaen. ', and of sand-^'" , but no good' of tb« island, nehor from ita . oath of Gktapi ae of the most man excellent > ofholding a nugfatbehoTe end of Sandy- than 16 miles, itains about b istem shore of !es, presents a bird of a mile Iter shoals too 8 9roniid;bat are.abie«et of and free ftom only detaohed 8. fiomClMe fathoms to \B its breadth a boms between rul6 is in one and this only It of the way rising ground d of the town I from 11 to 6 fathoms, with be course and Dhere is, how- 1 directly into leas heavT on t for holdiog, r ma^ be ob- 2 miles. In of this rirer, Q t^e narrow shallow and point of cliff, the harbour, Point runs out to the northward, and ferms the Harbour of Gaspt. >t Is a ye*y low and narrow point of sand, convex to seaward, on which side the water deepens sradoallr fh»nhigh-water mark to the depth of 8 fathoms, a distance of nearly half I mile : on the inside it is as bold as a wall. Thus this spit, apparentf yjjo fragUe, . becomes a natural dam or. breakwater, upon which the heavy swell, which often rolls into the bay. can produce no eflfect. expendmif its strength *» the shoal water before nJaohing the»beaoh. The water deepens immediately onUide of 8 fathoms, all along the outside of Sandybeach Point, and also off its north extremity; so that it is both dangerous and difficult to beat in or out of the harbour i|ft night i the lead ffivinff little or no warning. .. . ' , „ . To the northward of Sandy-beach Point, at the distance of nearly a mile, is a low sandy poninsula, covered with .spruce-trees, and with several whale-sheds near its westfoint Between the shoal water in the bay to the south-^astward of the MninsiJ^Tnd that which «tend3 from the extremity of Sandy-beach Point, is the Narrowest part of the entrance to the harbour, which m 420 fathoms wide and upwards of 1 rfathoms deep in mid-channel. To run into the Harbouf of Oasp6. attend to the following directions and remarks: —On the N.E. side of the N.W. arm there is a wooded point with low clay diff, 2* miles above the peninsula. This point appears as if it werB:«e extreme on that u^e, when seen oVer the end of the peninsula firom a ve^ approaching the- entnuice of the harbour, and is named Point Panard. Now ^ispointjseen over ihe peninsula) in one with the inner or north Bide of the whde-sheds Wore-men- JEmSd. is the mark for the northern extreme of the shoal off Sandybeaoh Point. jThe extremity of the spruce-trees is as far within the whale-sheds as these last are *from the eanSy extremity of the peninsula. On the inner side of Sandy-beach Point and near to its junction with the mainland, sUnds a wooden windmiU. Keep Point' Panard in one with that extremity of the spruce- trees on the peninsula, bearing N. 4r> W., until the windmill, just mentioned, comes in one with the west or inuOT side of the end of Sandy-beach Point, bearing 8. i W., when you may haul into the anchorage under the point, or steer for the basin. When beating in, tack by the lead from the N.E. side of the bay, and in the board towards Sandy-beach Point, put the helm down the instant the marks for leading in, just given, come *'*Af night, when neither Sandy-beach Point nor tiie peninsulaoan be seen, it be- comes rather a difficult afiWr to take a vessel into the harbour. The only guide thtti is the lead : soundings should be first struck on the N.E. side of the bay, about two miles outside of the entrance of the harbour, and the edge of the shoal water on that side should be followed, in from 6 to 7 fathoms, untd you judae, by the distance ruft, and tbe change which takes place hi the direction of the edge of the bank which ton an running upon, tiiat you are approaching the peninsula and have pasaed Bandy-beach Point, and can in consequence ventiire to haul to the sou&ward mto the anchorage. To form this judgment accurately is the difficult part of the process, and as a Wluro in this would probably cause the loss of the vessel, if the usual heavT sweU should be rolling into the bay with 8.E. winds. Captain Bayfield reoom- mendsW vessel rather to trust to her anchors off Douglas Town than to make the attemot In the case of a vessel losing her anchors, the directions which have been Riven may prove of use. Witiiin Sandy-beach Point, the shelter |s complete from aU winds : the bottoni is mud, and the depth nowhere exceeds 114 Jkthoma. Cant. Bayfield says:—" Thero an regular but weak stroams of flo<^ and ebb in the entrances of the harbour and basin. In the bay the streams of tiie tides an irregular, and an usually almost imperceptible, excepting near the shores, and even there ttiey an so weak as to be of little or no consequence to a vessel. .^ „ . The eumnt down the St Lawnnoe runs strongly past Flower-pot Rook over to- wardb Flat Island, especially in the ebb tide. Which often inenases fto nto to 8 knots, and this should be nmembered by vessels making the bay with a northerly wind. This eumnt. when it meeto the swell which so often pnvails from tbe south uid B.lfi., eauses a high, short, and breaking sea, all along the coast from above Cape «o«i«r to OaDeOaspl.uid extending across the entnnce of Gasp* Bay. When the windisUght. aTsssel becomes quite unmanageable in this sea, and it is extoremely dangerous to bo oan^t in it oloae to the shoio, by a light breese on the land. ... ^fiM summer weather ulen is o^n a ssi^bneia blowtog right up the bay from ll^lii^^iJiwiMi'i«Wl||il| i,.m,i 114 CAPE GASR^ TO POINT ESOUMINACi oocadonB ia mnendly fit>m tSeSl?" ^ «* Point Peter. The wind at aeaon soch bafi^^Jw^r/rdriS;,^^^^^ ASnebi»adB«ndyb«»hr?nSriih?.J«JI?hfh^^^^ *» t^« S.E. low lagoon, into w'hiob a oon^VrSe nVe^^d Lv!^,**^ ^', WMrfindoses a ahal- waters; this lagoon has aj^ouUe^Mmedlh^te^ admitting boateat high wSter and jStSw wbLS? t4. **"? ^•^' *°"*' "^ *•>» ^ay, shores of Mai Bay, but asVhewy wa and !SJw„»^ft " J! anchorage aU round the ^render it diffloult for a veil to 43 o»t i?pi.n^ «fte«;*reoedes a S.E. gale, and "^open coTo or small bav onS N.K dde fn whiSTt.iLr^T'""^*^: ^«" » "^ cfose to the show, an/in S fXmiSato "° be occasionally moored IslI^d"ofSi^ru!i.^K4-S «d t™Si?uf^* n^^' "5 »>«*-" «- the west, from which side ihoal wliteJ extendi JTSSS^ °'**^" ",'' *" sides except the -There is ahchorage in 15 faTbSJs bSiSn th?1.ft°*'^'*L*..«"?l**' P^ » ""«• riding is insecure ind heaVS conLqSlnS of S. .In *f^^^'^ f*"^' »»"' *»>« round the island. Between ^navSlw *i * T^V ^^^^' '" *"^ weather, rolls •westward, the oLniS uXS "rS rmKd f^^^ f' ^f** ^^^^^^ *•»• ^«>rth- Within Bonaventure Island! ild^i^^th^il^ I'^'^J''^?''': : . X. nearly dry at low water is the pZft n!!.t ™"5; ?* ''•"*''' >* is joinedV^ reef. it,pnJ soVe « toSli' ^^^Xe'^trrhl'^^^^^^ to be nearly inaccessible, and Iss^ Lh^ £?Jf S^Tt*" ' ^* " ^ P«>cipitous as A reef runs out from th^ shore to*Se soVth^SL M"**" u V" ^^^ * «t»del. either side of which small ye^XL^X^^^ ""^' *^''' ^'^^'^ *""'• °" ^^^rSat^r^SSnt^^ theilsher- Mont Peroi or Table Roulante 1280 fZt aW- «.! Attire back of the town is the on the north side, wh«S^"p,;ilJ2ea of ^^^ " '^^ •^'"?«y are washed by the waves. AtoSmu! to Se .SShS !? J *'T**'"*'. ®^ *»** »>W. off which are 8 to 18 fathoms southward of Peroi town is White Head, isonSSehSSiTaK^pS^i™*^^^^^ Despair. Shoal, which is roc%. but^Sfokw^Zl wiiS*'^;?;^ fromit.theLeaSder quarter of a mUe in 3 ametor. wVhw lelffi^t I!^ " "***'* '^^'J*' '"> ''^^^^ • it is difficult to find. The Uneof thfrnS h!ST^ on one spot, which, however, of Perc^ Book, passes just outddrof thJ .^«Ti^' i°/?2? '"**' *•"« ^°°e' «"• N.W. end Perci Rock, wdY^n ^0 ^it^rf of \t wSte K''S'°!i„**i'"/°? **»« *»«'J« °f all. From a half to the whoirof Ae P«»i rY¥ w*^ 7"i .^**^ °^e" o«teide of will lead between theLL^dS'shoifLd C^pfS^^^ ^''™* «»« White, Head. p.r?5''5£ri\fi.rS'th1.^^^^^ Cape Desnair and the north general easy of nav^iff a Cent ?m of Z J-^"^'?' *" h''""' ^* "• *•» approach tJ the shftals. The tiSl!^r«^^« .Si J**** v*'!',^«^, fi^^^ ^"°"» of an at the entrance. wlJewtheyLwiS^gXiV^^^^^^ UtUe velocity. exSeotin^ on them. Inside the bav the daiW S-T-^ i' T?" *»Pendenoe can be placed with ; the climate J^soSiwhrniid"*^^"''*^"'" *••• Q«lf are seldoi met running half a mUe frorthe «pSl°"SvJnd tS i K *^^- r"^"*!? *«" " * "^^ Pabdu. and at about the same^Sance Srther t^ 'th^ i.?"^?*' ^^ * ?*if ' » ¥*"« of which are small fishing-plwei A?8?in/. foSf ''?''*'"'1« Gn^d Pabou. fcoth named Newport, off whicS sroSrTewiht^iJt^i" w another small flshing-plaoe To the south-weit of th s pKiISS 6 S ?.*¥.^|Ti^^^ ""'^•' "l«'tS' °f » "^o*!- ^sr«»isfis.5f '^^^^"-'^^^^^ ^ j CAPE QASP^ TO POINT ESOUMINAC 115 \»tj is til* outlet of a snaall riVer, new irhioh are the hoaaes of' the fishenneD,,: The west point of the hay has a detached rook off it Port Paniel is exposed to the S.E., and winds from that quarter roll in a heaTv swelL This port i^ay he easily reoognised by a high hill, one mile to .the westward of the harheur, the summit of whieh is 400 feet aboTo the sea; it is the highest land on this part ef the ooast, and often appears like an island. From Port Daniel the coast runs miles to Nourelle River, a plaoe of no moment, and 5| miles frotai this is Paspebiao, off which is an excellent roadstead. The pdnt is ' low, b«ing composed of sand and shingle, and inolosee a small lagoon. The town is considerable, although straggling along the coast ; and there is an English and Boman Catholio Ghuroh. On the west side ot the point ase a number of flshing-huts, and the extensire white buildings belonging to the fishing-establishment of Uessrs-Bobins and Co., of Jersey ; on this side or the point is also the roadstead, in which vessels lie sheltered from S.E., round north, to West, although open to southerly winds. Jersey vessels lie moored here all the season, on excellent holding'^pround. A sandy spit runs out south-westward, nearly half « mile from the point, and affi)rds some shelter tothe roadstead. The best berth to anchor is in 6 fathoms, day, with the sandy point S.E.; and Bobins' flagstaff East. I \ In rounding Paspebiao Point fiaom the eastward, keep Daniel ]^ open to the south- ward of Nouvelle Point until the Roman Catholio Church opens tOi,^he westward of the south end of the sandy spit N. bvE.l E.; keep the lead going, and steer towards Carlisle Point, until Robins flagstaff («t bis northernmost large ^idiite store) and the ' above-mentioned church come in one N.E.^ N. ; when you may haul in for the anchorage by your lead, taking care to give the spit a berth in going in. Carlisle Town is 8^ miles to the westward of Paspebiao, and is rendered conspicuous by the jail and court-house, whieh can be seen from the anchorage. The point is covered with wood, and assists in sheltering the roadstead of Paspebiao firom the westward. Five mQes to the westward of Carlisle is Bonaventura Point, formed by a low red sandstone cliff, off which t^^tooln shoal extends to the westward fully a mile, and con- tinues along the ooast to Red Point, a distance of about 8 miles. Hera vessels may anchor, sheltered from the eastward, riding in or 7 fathoms, with tbc^ point bearing S.E. f S., the chUroh N.E. \ £., and the entrance of the river £. i N., If miles. From the extremity of the point the coast trends to the northward 2 or 8 miles to the river of the same name, #bich is too shallow to be of any use to narigation ; and 10 miles farther is another small stream named the Caplin, off the entrance to which thesBf • is a reef. From henee the ooast runs to the northward 10 miles, and then trends to the south- westward a similar distance to Carleton, forming the bay of Gascapediao. At the hmd of this bay is a stream, available only for boats in consequence of the flats which . extend out a miles from the entrance; to the eastward of tnia.is the village of Rich- mond, having anchorage before it, in 8 fathoms, with the ehurah bearing N.E. f E., and Black Point, the east point of the bay, 8.E. fS. ; but you may anchor fartj^er out in 5 or 6 fathoms, althouj;^ not so well sheltered. When approaching Richmond from the eastward, in order to avoid the shoal that stretches off to the westward If miles from Indian Point, keep Red Point well open of Bladi Point S.E. \ £., and approach no nearer than 4 or 6 fathoms, until the oburoh bean N.E. by £., when you may steer - for it, and anchor as before. On the western side of the bay are extensive settlements, at the back of which are some loffy hiDs, conspicuous at a great distance, the highest of whitfh, Mount Carleton, is estimated to be 1880 feet high. Tracadifrash or Carleton Point, the west point of Gascapediao i^ay, is low and incloses a shallow lagoon, which admits small craft at high water. On the north side of this lagoon is the villaoe of Carleton, behind- which are the Carleton Mountains. Off the point a spit runs half a mile, which can be cleared by keeping in 10 or fathoms, or by bringing Mount Dalhousie just open of Point Maguaeha, bearing about W.N.W. f W. To the WMtward of this spit there i* good anohoryge in 6| fathoms, mud, with the point bearing 8. by E. ^ E. ; Carleton Ghuroh £. by S. ; and the watering plaoe N. by W. i W.: here you will lie, little a£Rwted by the tides. From Oiurleton Pobt the ooast trsada round to the westwaid 7 miles to Maguaeha Point, whieh is eomposed of red sandstone olifib, and has a reef running off it ablrat « ■ ' lit 116 . ■■■ ->■ /I ■.■ ■■ ^x,., -■■■■■■■ ■ QAPE <»». tut you with .-depth of SfithomrSTs qJS'Ute *" ^■""^ ^ ** '"'^e's length wfde. l^;^XJ!^£S?SlSi^ Carlide Point, steer N:W. •nd TracadigMh Point TKif ^S vi^J'JKrl'i "^^^ W.1I.V. lowarrDXudl SSinuS ,n^^^^^^^ "boS ™""^"- ^» \ ^J b'falfing trhThes?lS:rtSt'«Jl'S!!^.^^ «'•'«'' ^nii'gXmT&Tr^S*^^^^^^^ tbe^wutlf-west of DalhoSSe ld«d • i^^ril^ ^m**"* ^SP«»<«» Mountains open to rorTTaAbms: whenXBrn*?™ Z? !S,?15"» *»? *>"» «*rk unUl^Tu'STtoto Haul n/w to the JoihZd kSSS.r^^S.'^ ^' f^'i* '^ V" di"f "t'balf . nS^ ihe western point of X^^ZJi^ ^i« "«?«. ^'P"" of w«^r. until Lalime Point. \Dalhn.»iii rnnd and the wide, with a bou^ of Dal- j entbeidand loal, enter it >m, but you , length wide, steer N.W. leron Island )6 to 10 and n mar elear >fD|dbonsie steer about roid the reef kins open to rou get into half a mile, ilime Point, Island and h this mark ' than 60 or of steering oms on the tward until the Island. » 8. by W., »t bearing, anchor as [2 miles to that place, St opposite in 6 or 7 is easy of Jl times of Dd a little ids nearly gw Loaf, at spring ip Twsela CAPE GASPI^ TO POINT ESOUMINAO. 14« drawing about 90 feet water ea^ ascend the river asi &r as the town, off. which ^tj nuHT lie afloat at low* water. Small craft .may ascend stiU farther up. n» South 8ko>«. — From Dalhonfie the coast runs to the eastwud about \\ miles to • Bonami Point, off which are somb h^fh steep rooks, with no passage between thitm and the shore. Hence to the smill Biver Carlo the distance is 4f miles, with a shallow lagoon, about half-way between, named the Eel Biver; and three miles farther is Heron Island, which is 4 miles long and of moderate height Between the island and tike shore there is a channel of 8 to 5 fathoms at low water, in which is good anchorage, but it u narrow and contracted by the shoal water on either side ; near jthe eastern part of the channel, and directly in the middle, is the Heron Book, a danger of only C feet water, with 4 to ft fathJms all round it It is recommended always to take a pilot as the navigation is very intricate. Three miles from Heron Island is the entranoe of the Biver Nash, resorted to by vessels for timber, which moor outside in 4 fathoms, mudds bottom, with the east point of Heron Island bearing N. by W., 2| miles, and Black Point N.W. one mile. In this position thi^y are much exposed to easterly winds, but the ground being good, they are enabled to ride in safety during the summer months. About 8^ miles 8.E. from Heron Island and 1^ miles off shore, there is a rooky ledge upon which not less thkn 4 fathoms was found, yet there* may be less water. 'From' hence to Belledune Point the distance is about 9 miles, when the coast turns to the southward, a distance of 16 miles, to the entrance of Bathurst Harbour, at the head oi Nipisighit Bay; in this last distanoe the only objects of^articular remark are the church and village of Bocbetta situated about half-way. Tbe whole of this coast is low and moderately dear, and may be approached by the lead, but a large vessel is recomniended not t» get into a less depth tnan 10 fathoms. BATHUfiST HABBOUB is about 2 cables' length in width, between Oarron Alston Points, which are of sand, with stores and other buildings upon them. There are two beacons on Oarron Pont on the S.E. side, wbich^ when kept in one, bearing 8.W.;| S., lead in through the narrow diannel over, the bar, in 7 feet at low water, and 14 at high water, spring-tides. From S fathoms outside the bar to the entranoe of the river is 1-1 milM, very narrow the whole distance,, and between sandy shosls, nearlv dry at low water. Between the sandy'points,dr just outride in^or 4 fathoms, vessus genwally moor to take in timber. It is high water at Bathtot parbdur at . 8h. 16m.; spring-tides rise 7 leet neaps 4* V^; - r'> '' The Town of Bathurst is well situated 8| miles within the entrance, and at the head of the basin. A depth of 14 fbet at high water can be carried up to the wharves of the town, and vessels may lie in 14 fiset at low water^ in some parts of the channel ; here the tide runs from l| to 2 knots, and sets faitly in and out over the bar, which should never be orossed withoni« pilot ; Uiey are always on the look-out for vessels. The bar bears from Paspeluab Point, on the Canadian shote, S.W. by W. f W., distant 8 leagtaee. Some row vessels load inside the bar, bufrthe usual place of anchorage is just out- side in 6 or 7 fathoms, muddy bottom, where there is safe riding in the summer months, but exposed to N.E. gales, whidi are attended with a heavy aea. - ■ Pirpm Bathurst Harbour the coast runs Jto the ^orth-eastward to Point Mixienette, • distance of 20 miles, and is dew, with the ei quarters of a mile from the shore, about 9 miles l ' to the depth of 10 fathoms, which iisstward of Mizxenette Point the shoal water ei Beption of a 8-fathom shoal, three- am Bathurst ; it may in general he )s near enough in uie night-time, snds half a mile out CABAQUETTE HABBOUB.— After pateing Mizzenette Point the coast lin6 (Uls backed is bordered by several islands and dang excdlent harbour affording ssfe anchorage in fro Nearly 8 milee E.S.E. of Point Mizxenette is [ wooded, and 1| miles long in a direetion nearly ] extend from both ends of the island towards tli as to form a bay, in which there is a perfectly 1 drawing mora ttian 16 feet There is no pasMlge\for shipping between the island and Pdnt Mixxsnettei, but ot^y a rtrj narrqw ohannd for boats on the side next the island. The island stutds on an extansiire bank of flat sandstone, paitially oovsMd with ia&d,'and wfaidt, eommendng at Point Mixaenetta, extends to the eastward parallel to the coast all the way to tlie entrance of Bhippigin Sound, a distance of S or ft miUtk. , ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ - : lus shoals, within which there is uk 4 to 2^ fathoms. araquette Idand, which is low and arallel to the coast Sandy points mainland, or to the southward, so id-locked anchorage for Vtosels not \^ m OAPE dispi T!b POINT ESCUMINAC. paraqu^tte Bhoal extends 4^ miles to the Mmtm^rA «f ♦!.- 1 1 j # ..." b ocoasionsllr in Terr low tides to the dl.SSl^o**'? "•«1'f«»» 'Wob itdries itreme of the trees on CsrMuette l3^ ^^atw^ ^* ^.' "** "» <"»• »»*»> »b8 fokesuedie Point This lS2riS,}Sde;irtt.?S.^fr .!^''' ^"*''' ™ O"* with 'tWwster; but.lttgo ship mS Lei^o Jt P«£.*°J?* J!"*T»'* *» 8 fathoms nd in one with PointlaroX. ^ *"' Pokesuedie bearing 8. by W. * W.. /the''w4ren?o^qt2&:f Ja'^^ N.N.W. 1* miles, from ' by keeping DonaxPSSt JustSSn t„ Tff .-k"^***!*"" northward, hi Sf faUioms^ W.N.#. iV; wUSk. wSK W to 2!m "'J'T* Mizzenette* bearSJ of the Caraquette Shoal untiUhe%S^th!&;Cp!fl'*T»u*'i!' "'''**™ «*8» water. OTOrVrooky bottom. When onthi. nlST p ^ ^*^}'' T5"'» ^ ^^ *«>» !•"* N.W. i«d of Caraquette Island aS? in Jn? Kd U.f ?t?"**?vS'*r ^. f**'?^* •»* *»»« 8.S.W.j|r W., dist^t 2 mUes. ' ^ *''* ^•^- ""^ V^ »''• i^d will bear JnJrS'fct^L'eJtolSii^l^ >«»» w^^Mying io which is a mae wide ^niTm^V^^Si^^ fel^/ ^?'l"™« cLfnel, way of Tessels-tban any other in the BarofThfi!?^' • I^' ^*^'^3^8 n«ore in the direction, and-a third of a fflle^rii fim g fiSn™' "* ^K'V^ *"°« »*«» E. * 8. edge of thirSdge is diatwS mTlea f^m A« •*«" f, " /athoms. The northwn ends bear K.N.fwrcorZ?nS^ ?"* ««d west Great Anse and Donax PointA^ir*ffiJl w^kJ v"f /^« Po«te of cliff at %rji;ei!ex:?irrton^,.7^^^ Wring W. i?. le!S oSSt'ni^^ belwpt half-way between tSexSeiK^f The iSdr^SnT'^ri wdif the steeple trees on the sai^e island, the norS3nt of S?-^ 7 JKJI** ■?* *« extreme of &e The channel forming tirenSac?t?thl^^°*^ !?1^ ***'^ ™ *t '"•»'»««*• Pokesuedie and OaSqSeSJSTfor^bSj JttSLi?^"'"' He^etween the laiwest«hips;bntUfi crooked. ttdon*Sftth^,S?!?? u'L'^*" enough for the ani wi^oGt suflaeient leadinrmwks- len«i ita ^ •**^*? **^**"" '•'7 •***? *•*»». difflcultl The harbour commSiS^ikmStdJi^jMS^^ » sttended wi& «,me suedie filand. and extends wSSSZ2S?SS?^?* °^*^1^^ westward of Poke- Wand. CaraqjwttoChuwh^?oo:JS?oSlv^Sf!S?"**^ Mizzenetto. a^ the flsh-stores wd^wS^f rl!?-^ p' n«ge nearly opposite to Point island. There are 6 and 6 SLoms iTS mSS^ «^!!;^?1** l*"}^ ''PP^*' *° «»• within Pokesuedie. and thereWot£»th«^5^*?"' l,****- Jf **«'" Mediately SJE. point of toeisland. ^*° *» ^•'^'>«»» *^ »»thin half a mile of th^ deSlbTf^SJ^iwiJdtir^VlLriJr **?'' ^^* f.tho«s wide and H deep, and is there shelt«S by th?Mkt?netto SSLlki SL'^^*,'"* ** ^'^^^ across to the island. The bottom UTSSt^ T^ !?'** "^^y^** ^^''^ ^"^^ n««ly and of mud within the harW "uS tti?Lt?l?'°r of Caraquette ChanneJ. vessels of large tonnage, it is cxoeedliiaKrT^^ harbour is excellent for merchant- hlur. m»m o 10 reet, and seldom run stronger than one knot per th?Sffi'?nr22tTKylSSSJ'w^/°^1? '^ ^'^'"^ ^'-^^ ^ is the best harbour in the Soundf is sfffl S^^ "° ^ ^'^^ ^'»<« ^''t. *hich Island: here vou can UelSKi^SSlnS* ^"tem -ide within Pokesuedie Alemekand£itdeAlemekSontt?o^lll'^wI*''.^''''^""P"- Thebaysof most to the southward, and iTm ex^lSK^k! 8"PP'/r«n eide. llomek Bay lies A bar of mud and S?d «S;id?J^the So^d'.r Sfe» \ carried into Alemek Bay to 2* fiSKs. aJd l22> S? *''.'***^*^ ''*?«' «>•* ««^ atlow water. On the si^th Sa ofZ li^^i^i^Pi"**? Harbour to 2^ fathoms and off them is the hXu?5 aL%£i'?"nl^J^I!^'?»L^T°f ^^^^ water lriDgbetiwmahoalsofmuSMS1S;iJi^jJ'J""f*, with 1| to 4 ffia,. eh>aJco,ti.u^2imils,beya,dS?g^JS'a^^^^ f \ f vbidi it dries 7 ahalloir in one with the , in one with B 8 fathoms by W. J W., miles, from 1 31 fathoms, itte, bearing •rthem edge 10 feet least »ple and the id will bear ^r, lying to tn Channel, uore in the an £. 1 S. te northern It and west sof cliff at Fisherman northward the greater iuidinone, the steeple une of ue fathoms. »tween the gh for the eep shoak, with some 1 of Poke- Shoal and te to Point •itetothe imediately '- nileofthe le and 2^ ^fathoms (er nearlr Channel, « merchant*' it without- Imot per iland and let, which 6kesaedie le bays of Baylies ms water. It tiatf^M : fathoms:^., liippigan, ' mhoflut . saanow. ' j: D OuUy, * OAP£ OASPi: TO POIN^ ESOUMINAC. 119 the aonthem entrance of the Sound, which if used' by shallop^ and fishing-boats. In Bhippigan Qully the tide is generally very r^pid, and there is often a heavy surf on its bar of sand, which partly dries at low wait^, leaving a channel only 4 or 6 £»et deep. The harbour of Shippigan is perfectly seoifre in all windSi and it is, there that the Sreater, part of the Tessels which have req^ntly Tiaited this place for timber lie moored, t a short distance to the westward of ^e church is the watering-place at a small stream in Basse Bay. / '. - The channel leading from Sbippigi^ Flats to the church is 9 miles in lebgth, with deep water, but it is narrow and crooked, without leading marks ;. land some of the banks are very steep, so that /In experienced pilot is absolutely 'necessary to navigate a large Teesel into this hi^bour with safety. In Shtppigan Harbour it is high water F. and C, at 3h. 42m. ; ;l9pring tides rise ^i^iir 6 feet, neaps 3 feet In the channel the rate seldom ezoeedj^ a knot The stteain is regular in fine weather, running in at the OuUy, to the Northward, tfatough the Bound, into the Bay of Ch8leur,froin about half-ebb to half-flood by the shore, and in the reverse direction, or to the southward, from about bf^lf-fiood. to half-ebb. A flat extends 2f miles off th4 iiorth- side of Bhippigan Island, and is the most northern of the Shippigan Shoals.. It coniMsts of sandstone, thinly and partially covered with sand, and has, on some parts only 6 feet of water*' "There is good warn- ing by the lead all along its northern side, which may be safely approached to 6 fuhoms in a largfe ship, and to 8 fathoms in a small vessel. This flat separates the channel leading to the harbours of Garaquette and Shippigan from that which leads into Miseon Harbour. M ISCOU HABBOUB, between IMiscou and Shippigan Islands, lies just within the sandy n>it at the S.W. extreme of-Miscou, where there are from 4 to fathoms, for upwards or a mile in lengthi and 2 oaMes' length wide. TMs forms the harbour for luge vessds; but the harbour for smaU craft is still more extensive, there being a considerably greater breadth with 2 and 2^ fathoms water, and also a narrow chan- nel extending eastward tlroug^ the flats of mud and weeds to within aimile of Miseou Gully, which boats can only ento^ at high water. Within the harbour the bottom is soft mud ; in the channel, just outside the entrance, sand; and, between the shoals Auiher out, sandstone. This place is iniiich frequented by the American fishermen, who are good pilots- for it •Sue Miswu Channel, leading to the harbour, betw^n Shippigan Flat and the Shippi^ Shoals, on the S,W., and the Miseou Flats on the N.E., is only 170 fathoms lode in one part, between shoals so steep that the lead affords not the sli^test warning. Only small vessels should attempt this harbonr without having first buoyed the channel, or secured the assistance of a good pilot It is high water F. and 0.. at 8h. 80m. ; spring tides rise 5 feet, neaps 8 feet At fully 4i miles Off to the N.W. of the S-W. point of Miseou, is the 6-fathom edge of tm Miseou FliM, and at 2i miles fifom the same point there are hot^inbre than 8 fathoms. These flats, of sandstone, extend 4 or 5 miles to the N.E. of th84M^ ' hour; and towards thdr northern termination there is an^ening in the Imes whi extends across the idand, and which has been mistaken by vessels, at night or in fo^ weather, either for die harbour or the Gully, according as they were yreat or the island. The remainder of the shore is tolerably bold, with steepytandy ^ surrbunding the north end of Miseou Island, where the hfits and straps of fls will be seen al<»g the shore. Th* north point of Miseou Islana is disUnguished by a green ipound, or grassy sand-hill, and the shallow water does not extend more than one-third of a iiiue off shore; bat to the eastward, .opponte a small lajgpwn, where there are several huts and fishing-stores, shallow water, to^S fathoms, stretches off a%iHe north-eastward, and to fr fathoms 2^ miles in the same^direotiW. At li milw to the south-eastward of the north point is Birch Point, wbioh is a steep cliff of sand- stone ibont 10 feet high, and may easily be recognized by^e white birch-trees, which are higher there than in any other parts near the shore. A reef/6f stones an^ sand extends half a mile out from th^ shore, llie shdal off the north point may be avoided either by day or night, by the soundings on the chart/ Very good anchorage may be obtaiilea on either side or it ; under the north pointin from & to 10 &thoma« with southerly winds, and off Birch Point, in' from 8^ to^ 6 fathoms, with wsMeriy winds— the bottom being of sand, which holds sufficiently well for off-shore winds. The Ifisoon Buiks eztiiid about id miles to the eastward of Misooo, and the ao nn jing s upon them will ftilly dhset » tssmI witronftfeing this part of the coast. The / . ' V ■' -■ * . ■ ■ "■ ■ ■ 190 v^ CAPE OASPi; TO POINTieSCUMINAC. •/ which the water deepens npMU.tiienUi^fli^U^''^''?''u^^' '^**«'° ' ^^^' rook, ud shell, for the ufSTmSlVZinsTr Lt-^VJ^""" ****» ««» »"^' iast side of Misoou Isknd where a 52LdrSLf^°!- " ^^ ^"~° ^'>*''t' O"-*** If miles to ft fathomri low iiJr l^a±^l/*t°**?*"*^^ and 4 or 6 miles farther to the Muthiatd^o^'tlf ? "^ *%°°'**' ?°>* »f M^""" » ' Island. ther« are rocky patSUi^thlS.^^^^ * nea)^ a mile offshore: SttKtSSto t£i^n»w?^° ? fwhoms npon them.ind>:^ and the inner Bay of Mlramich? Tabismtao Lagoon to the northward moutlTto the main entiwoo of tbei^n;?hlJl.r "* «"P from that line acros. its \ outer and inner bays mTmbw^k^J ^' '^V^'*" ^*"*^* «"* F«» ^s'ands- The thj^«nallp;SsS;rdrmSno[s\;jT^^^^^^^^ " W.S.W. from tabisintaJ G^^ ClS^fc^^*"? *i«,«»»<»" *"• * «"«« to the 8.W. is a gully 280 fXmsWide ^dTf.ST^T' ^^'^^ "« a small one to the •hangeabirohLcU iSXt n«ri^^^^^ i'^'^LS'^Sl'Y °^„»^« »•»*» it at low water at ^e time of CaoAin Bivfl«M'. ' *.Su ^^ **"*"' " ^«'* o^« channel within the gnirfeSn?W?wfrd^5n tS« T"'^" k ^"^r '? "^ '"^ °"~'' boats. Between N4owM(S*«dCSi^^f-u^^^ 'J " °"*y *» f"? W. there .« ^veJehodsWhibX^^^^ and between it and CJi^SJlsES^.^^ fl^."'**t.'??' ^° * ^•^^- *»*"°»*'>° J ■i harMn, for ttonqi} after I re4 sand, tatbomi; 7. ivel, sheila, aes rapidly dge of the rom fiiroh 'i,^i^Ui the B cob'ti&uft.. Bgs, and a Banka has n ithousd on h point of oded,.with edGull^, wholej"' The \ in aAve Dt, on««A}e boms, an8 "- i-thirds of r Miwou t Shlppigin ^ them, and ^j<, 3hippigan •' ^ lilarpafash i^hioh is the sandy lorthward Dklaud to wroBs its \ ids. The 'hieh ar« <• .together Bs to the >ne to tha :he usual feet OTer r narrow ly fit for totheS. etweenit ireotion; I wide at ith only i k 8.E. ma wide, ly fit for f Gully. Iiite, and _^ Mstward kt Esoo- psinted V .PI OASP^ TO POINT ESCUMIiVA.0. 481 ^^ ^ V^o^Jr^. Y i? ""• *f '""J^ * ""•■ »® »•»• N.E. to the 8-fathom ^Si "*!?"' ** ""S* ^ftthonw. At night come no nearer than 10 fathoms. :^ the eastward of thsM islands the shallow water runs off to a eonsiderable Sfti. ^tlV^* °,*'r*'?^?'"* "' ^•«*'''" Sand-Bar. in a 8.W. direct, to middfe^pf Portage Island a^utance of miles, the shallows run off about 11 5u from tiMmee they run m a 8.E. bj^. direoUon, d miles, to the entrance of the Ship oSanl nel; in the UUer distanoe the shbds run off fully 8 miles from Fox's blknd knd the south p*rt of Porugelslwd. Anl^nsive flat 'also border, the sluth "de^f £l * */; «**"« Huckteberry Island to the piibh of Esoumtnao Beef, and in its eaaterti uarL for^fully a mjes, extonds 2 miles from iKhore; but when you approach the p8S houses 4nd the south beacon, you may ap^rb^h within a mile oY thnhoie. ^ S ^nnot approach the land so near in any otherphrt of the bay as off the soui beacon Upon the bar of Miramiohi there is only a &ot>' two of water in sonTpU^Si low spring-tides; but there is water enough for sS^Teseels near PorOw I3Snd^ t^**!*^*!^*^' ?'" ^••'•u P"?* "1" '*• ^•^- ««*• The^. extreme of thft iSrwiU beoleared by keeping the church at French Village inlha centre of Fox OuUr beanng W is. A lUck buoy is moond at the 8;W. «Lime of the W in ^8 M r»?w T ****!'. '?? T." •* '**■' «" **»« starboard handSg in; ahd about a me N.N.W. from this black buoy then, is a led buoy moorsKX skme dlpJh of water oM»e Lump (a shoal with 2 fathoms least water on the west si^f the ohan- nel), and which must be left on the port hand going in. Within this i^Amiot the channel is dear and straight, about bOO fiithoms wide, and from 4 to 7 ikthoms deen. running in a N. W. f N. dirootion for S miles, until you arrive at the SpiVbi^w^ u also a red buoy, and must also be left on the port bond going in. \tu '''15'*'* J ^""^ ?^ *'''*. '"•*"* *"* ""«*" be«oons wiU be seen on thesandhills ^tiie one red and the other white : these kept in one, and bearing aE. * E. iS intS deepest water,»from»i to 2i fathoms, to tbe outer ^ed buoy of the Ho?sMhSr ^ f "®,"*"'^**^ "^ '" 8 miles long north aud south, and 2* mUes wide. It eon^ naS."if^^t"'' «T''' VV H^* ?•*•'• •"«* °°» morolhan 6 feet iVer m^^ parte of It Its northeast extreme is nearly joined to the shoals of Portue Island there being only a narrow and intricate channel left which is never usod 0«S ancborag^ may be procured in 4 or « fkthoms water between the Horse-shoeandthe south end of Cortege, where Tcssels, drawing too much water to cross the Sner bi! may safely anchor during the summer monOis. This Hone-shoe Shoal is separated from the shoal which conneote Fox, Egg, and Vin Idands, by the very narSTsWp channel, which in one part is only 16l> Fathom* wide, and 2i fathoms deep. Thi S named the Horse-shoe Bar, or Inner Bar, over which an 18 feet water in onUnarr XT?**^ IS.~"^.'^*Vi *''• H«r*^«' ^ marked by buoys.^h SM all left to the northward, the befit water being within the dist^ of half » eablefrott tbem.^Th* 8.E. point of the HWshoe extemls 860 fathoms fcrther out to the eSS ward than ito outerredbuoy; ^id there is besides a patoh, or mouad of sandlnd "* off the 8.E. point of the HersoHihoe to the 8.E.'. TK * u ^ -^-^-- Abotween U and Fox Idand to a thiid of a mile. The two smallheaeons on the north point of Fox Island an useful in enabling I^'?**2.*'°,"* **'*' ""l""^' ''•"»'» "«"**" *•>• Tf""^ 0^ tl»« Howe-shoe Bar al difficult lor a large TesseL -' ■ The Bar of Miramichi should never be attempted by a large Tesaa). or by nerMma not properly acquainted with it. without a pilot The Miramichi pUot^ will ge?mdlr be found orui8ing_ about off Point Eseuminacin smaU sohoonen; but should wu not meet with a pUot off Point Escominao. and it is too Uto in the day to orou th« bar before dark, you should stand off and on tUl daj-light, and not sh(4l your wate MIBAMIOHI IS a plaoe of great trade, and a free warehousing, port; and the different towns onit* banks are rising in importance. Large quantities of timber an annually shipped here ; and the salmon and Oaspereaux iBsheries an also carried on mdSa "*****"■ ^'**® *°"' principal towns are Chatham, Douglastown, Neweastfe^ .w**?llS?'.*''u F">«P^..to»*<»^*« Miramichi, and oontaiitfaig, at arough estimate, about lftOO_mhiiitaiito, lies about IT mUe* to the westward i? the HoSUhosTBte ittde>«siida akmg th* Mutk sboie about limUes. Hti^veMeli^lie in « to 8 fhthmM! dots to the wharves. It ia a; straggling but rap idly in«reMi«.ff «»»., Ky. • "» A ^M' '•k' IW POINT ESOUMINAO Tior THE OUT OF OANSO. good hoiMM, Kod «n Engliih Epiwrnpalianr •" Pratl)>teri«n, rad • Roman Gatholid ohuroh, b«aidM two other ohapcli or plaoes of woi^hip belonging to the Wedeyani and AnUbarghera. Tbaae buildinm are all of woo^, neatly piSnted and flniabed, and together with the ateam aaw aDd griat mill* of the 31 eaars. Otmard form the moat remarkable objeota. ^^ < Douglaatown ia on the north ahore. about 1| milea aboTe Chatham, and oont^ins •bout 400 inbabitanta. It ia prettilr aituated on.a rising ground, and haa aufBoient water at ito wharrea for the;iargeat ahipa. The l^arin^ Hoapital, built of atone, ia the moat remarkable buildinff. The abiu-baildipg eatiOriiriunent of Mr. Abram ia 1* mUea •bore Douglaatown, on the aame aide o^the rirer; and. oppoaite to it On the'^'aouth ahore ia the Engliah Epiaeopalian Ol^rob of St lUul. NewoaaUe, li milea farther up t^,Mirer, and^n the north ahore, is^the county town, oonUining the Court-house and Jail, a Preabyterian ohureh, a Wesleyan chapel, and aome other good buildinga. It ia pleasantly aituated„ and oontiUna about 1000 inhabitants. Here are 6 or 7 fathoms water cloae to the wharves of the town. ^ . . Nelsontown ia the laat village : it ia a straggling prace,'with SOO or 800 inbabitanta. ohiefly Irish. Here is a large wooden Boman Catbglio ohunh : it standa on the aouth ahore, opposite the east end of Beaubere Idand, and a mile above Newcastle The river is navigable as fkr aa Beaubere' Island for any veeael that can cross the Horse-shoe Bar. TIO£S.->-It is high watar at Miramichi Bari^ about 5h. ; spring-tides riae ft feet neapa 8 feet. At Sheldrake Island, at 6h. ; apring-tidea rise ft feet, and neapa 8 feet • the ebb-tide runa at the rate of 8 milea aq hout in the Sheldrake Channel. It is hitrh water at Beaubere laland, P. and 0., at eh, 80m. ; apring-tidea liae « feet, neap-ti&s 4 feet; the ebb runa at the rate of 2 knota. and the flood about • knot' At the rapids, in both tiie B.W. and N.W. airms, the tidea flow uqtU 8h.. and thev riae here •bouts feet ' POINT ESOUMINAO TO THE GUT OF OANSO. PoiNi EsoiJJHNAo. aa before mentioned, is low, covered with spmc«-trees ahd rendered conspicuous bf its lighthouse, which is painted white, and serves to wwn, vessels of th^approaeh to the reef which runs off-2 mUes N.E. from Uie point At 6i mdea 8.S.W. from Point Eacuminao ia Point Sapin, and the intermediate shore ia veiy low and ahallow. The Sapin Ledge liea diieoUy off the point andlfia very dangerous, bavins only 12 feet on it and lying right in Uie track of ships nnnMff •lon^ore. In the nightrtime it should not be approached nearer than *9^homs- •nd It should at aU timea be remembered that there an ft fethoma at only about 3 cablee' length from it Thia ledg9 ia li mUea'long from eaat to west "od half a mile broad; from its outer edge E^minae lighthouse bears North, distant 6 milea. and Point Sapin E.S j:. i E., f^ mUes. A deptii ot B^ faUtoms will be found betweenit and Point Sapin. ., From Point Smin to Bichibuoto Head the course and distanee are S.^4 W neaiif 20 mUes, aoroes Kouchibouguao Bay, the shores of which are very low, Mtii sud-bara and beaches, inclosinjf lagoons, through which rivers flow into the sea. Kouchi- bouguao River, after flowing more than fi mile through an extensive lagoon nearlv dry at low water in sprinfftidea, entera Uie sea by an outiet through sand-bara about 9 milea S.W. ftoB^Point Sapin., Thisriver has • bar of sand which fiequentiv shifts A depth of 9 feet at high-^ater and apring-tidea could be earned in over the bar at the time of Captain Bayfield's survey in 1889. The tides rise from 2* to 4 feet and flow 8 mUea up the river. In all the northern part of Kouchibouguao Bay the ahoal water (that is, to 8 f«tiioin#) extends to soine disUuoe off ahore, tiS it joina the Sapin Ledge^ " *^ Bzoxnnrovo anniB% amon^ the rivers on this part of the eoast inferior only to the Miramichi, either in the dutUMe to which it ia navigable, or in the deoth bf water over ita Xmx. On ita builcs there are flouriahiog and rapidly ineraanna aettlementa. The town ol livnrpool atanda abotit 8 milea within the entrueTon the north aide w the rirer. '■' . .. . . \ . ^. .^" ■ " ''.. ; . . . . .-:,:■: : POINT ES0UMli4q Tt> THE^GUT OF OANSO. iaa « '^ !f *^!?u**' *5* ^""^««*? **« between tw6 uuid-ban. Mreral mile* 16 leoirtb. nuned the north uid eouth beaohee, on whioh there are sand-hUle 80 feet biirh • Ft iZ » ,•*«»«»'!? ^'*''T '* ^"T "-^ ^^•f «*° P"" »»'«' I*' «S bJ tlS^ 18 mui oLeM •"' *" *" o«n go lip nearly 30 miles. A pilot ie abeoluldy A reef of sandatone extends off%iohibuoto Point (whieh is the 8.E. extreme it tha iontb beach, and 8* mile, from the riser's mduth) to the distant of a irfrom thJ S'-^'^ ff ^/«*?^T*i°"**.* °' ' "»"~ '*'*'•" *<• *•"> Bouthward, to Biohibuoto •w • * *° '^* *"8b. and oomposed of sandstctae and day olifib. The ooiMW and disUnoe from Biohibuoto P^nt to the 8.E. extremitr of tbe Buotouche sandbar is 8. 14^ miles. In this space there is nothing worthT of noUoe ^ exoeptiM the •mall mer Sbockpisb. whioh affords shelter to boato it high water. ~ nL^* u^ Patch, of only 12 feet, must be carefaUy aroided when approaching : Buotouche Boads from the northward ;,it has 5 fathom« just outside of it. 'it lies on ♦ ^ part of the outer bar of Buotouche. and ii mUes off the shore, with Gocagne steeps and the N.W. extreme of Gocagne Island in one. bearing 8.aw. *1V ind the south end of Bqctouche Sand-bar 8.W. bv W. r by keeping i2 flre fathom;* ^J will pass ouunde of it The Outer Bar of Buotouche is a long ridge .ofsindy Md rocky ground with from 8* to 8| fathom., extending to the louthwSdX and piSel to the shore firom the North Pateh nearly to .Cooagne. a distance of 7^ milti. Be- ' fat?" " **'*" " * narrow ohannel of rarious depths, from 8f ^to 6 Buotouohe Boadstoad. off the entrance of Buctonche BiT<»r, and in the widest plrt of the channel wiUiin the outer bar. is perfecUy s^e for a Teasel with g^ gnffi tackle I the ground being stiff day, and the. outer l3ar affording protection from anv very heary sea. It is bore that Tcssds of too lam a draught of water to enter thJ mer, he mooicpd to tak« in their cargoes. When approadiing this anchoram there is nothing in the way of iresid. that do not draw to^ mndi water to croe. tK " outer bais except the North Patoh. before mentioned; but large Teasels will find more water (not less than 8^ fathoms) by approaching from tiid nortiiward b» attending to the foUowing directions. If olT tfie ooa.t,Vith a SitaJ^SbrinJ Buctoucha steeple to bear to Uie souUisacd of west, and run in shora witii it on tbM * bearing, in order to pa« to the north;;i^of tiie North Patch. As you run in. to? will, if the weatiier be faTourable. obeerTe GocMne Meeple open out to the weetward * of Cocagne Iriand, w> as to be seen between the latter and the mainland : and roa must oontinue your courM tlU the steeple comes on with tiie extreme of Dickim Point (a smaU peninsnla jwrnt About 2| milea to tile soutiiward of tiie sand-bar) phangethewurM immediately, running with Gocagne steeple and Dickson Point in one. bearing S.8.W. iW, and they wiU kaTyOu doSe inside of ttS oStor bar. and clear of a smaU shod Inng between it and tiie didre. on whioh tiiere ai« not less ^ S| fathoms. Tate care bot to shut tiie CocagnjB steeple in behfad Dickson Point, as you run alontr tbe s^pd-bar. and immediatdy after Buctouche Steele opens out to the westward of the small sandy idet which formi the 8.W point of Buctouche 8and-bar, you WiU obserTo two wbite beacons on tiie maiidand come in one, l^anng N.W. by W. f W. ; anchor witii tiiem in one. and Ooea^e ___^- L of Nor. aoth. ftS8 :-■ The entrjnce to tkeiKirt is l>ipeJ«d by • Mndlar. about M iSSSWth* town of LirerpooL It i. stated. ^ the juiliiig dir«»tk« book tor this Isoait, th?d«ptib ^ wiSJ *" i?l.*?5 ^***,*"*. •* i!^' V^ 17* feet at Ugh water, epting-tidee. We Und^et VewS ''^u*'^?^ *' ^'^ haw been Atained MTend week. ?or%mt of folHcient wttOTMuSS • ^r'v^*'!.?' ""*'•.•' *?• il^"'"**? ^ ^^' A. the entfanee i. e^Jto h^ySS the NJ.. it liMOe«^*d.deoi«« in ttejlepth of water, which is ert^mdr dmgeXSto >U drawing aboTO W Ibet when loaded, m they mast oonpleta their ktading ont^daofthebtf «in an open iiea, ao that ifH M9W. a N.B. galo, aTeaaef m«.tnnaToidatf,goZAo»rii£ at inpoB^ to eaem. Then are no leas than t«i wteeka at the entrabeTof aaidhttfaom (if not mora). An<^er daagnr is, when oataide witiiiafta of tfanber or deals alonosideT^k olUn oeeiin»Uia kat doe oTthe tafts an loat in conaeqaenoe of the heavy swdl Srt a N E bko^ oeead«u.iriddiaepant«« the tfers and they thragoadiilt i ,' "•""■»•«•«• We wodtt NOMUMid BMtrn at vaaada not to hiad to a Issper dnriUit than 11 ftat » inehaa toiBsmethsircaiBcaterthobaratkiiMalerBpiiDgi," *- "ITW" »»» "!••»» meaea. «{!*; iii$> m !- , !■■ ■ . • ■- ■ . •:■- /• ■■ . ■ 1- ■ t'l ^ ^~«" ■ ,. ' >.■■■■'■ " ■■..,■ 194 POIN^yESOUMINAC T^THE GUT OF CANSO. 8t«eple open aboaMtii own breadth to thr left or eutwurd of ioiokson Point, and Jou will be in the beet berth in 8f or 4 fathoms at low water," and with excellent olding-^ptmnd. If the state of the weather should prevent the leading mark from being distinguished, the ehart and the lead ought t» be sufficient guides* Baotouche Birer enters the sea to the d.E., through the shdlow bar within the Buetouehe Sand-bar. The two white beaoons, before mentioned; which point out the best anchorage in the roadstead, are intended to lead in OTor the bar of sand and flat sandstone, in the best water, nalnely, 8 feet at low water, and 18 feet at high water m ordtnaryispring-tidSflf. To%nter the rirer, the assistance of a pUot is absolutely necessary, as the channipl is narrow and intricate. Coca^e jHarbonr, 6 miles sonth of Buetouehe, lies between Oocagne Island on the north side and Point B^ouard on the south side. It is a Tery small harbour, and requires the assistanoe of » pilot /^ At nearly 4 miles to the southward of Goeagpe, and nearly 10 mUto S. \ E. from we 8.E. point of Buctooohe Sand-bar, is Shediao 'Point, off which the Qrandigue Shoal, with from, 14 to IStYeet water, extends to the distance of i miles, having the least waternear ito outer ledge. Ton can pass outside of this shoal by not approach^ the shora nearw than 5 faUioms at low water. SHEDIAO BAY is 6| mUes wide from Shediao Point to Point Bouleaux, and •bout 5 milel deep. Near the head of the bay is the island, wiOiin the north end of which is the villag», accessible for small vessels. The harbour lies between the o odP***"* **' Shediac Island and Point Ghfine ; the latter bearing from- the former .S.S.E. threoKiuaEterB of a mile. A sandy bar runs out from Point Ghtee to the northward, 800 fikthoms, and is dry for ne«%r4ialf tBat distance at three-quarters ebb. This bar, together with the shoal farther out, off the S.E. point of Shediac Island, . rendw the harbour very secure. Near the middle of the bay, which is all shallow, there are two rocks, of 7 and 8 foot, lying E.S.E. from the centre of Shediac Island. The easternmost, named Medea Bock, Uei % mileh from the island; the Wjistem, nuned the Zephyr Bock, lies nearly midway between Medea Bock and the island. The passage into the harboor is .to the northward of the above rooks, and idong the eastem'side of Shediac Island, about two-thirds of a mile from it. between the shoal off the &E.n north end Mtween the the former line to the larters ebb. liao Island, . ill shailow, liae Island, le wnstern, the island, i along the n the shoal ■ ■• r cargoes of sh market I depth that ;h wat^r in JTevs, only afifooted by the rata; of lebibonguet tends more wstward of lomSb '•. nearly 18 inding only » the depth to the east- re. which is Shemogue They are I channels, lin ftor 6 i th d B W th - I to Tcssels ■ westward, main, in 5 i by sooth night, and ithar; and .V^^ POINT ESCUMINAC TO THK GUT OF CANSO. 12» ThLVt^,^ eastward of them, come no nearer than fathoms, but to the Westward «.«. W. li miles, and from thence it extends 4^ mUes to the sIe. • near thi.\w,in?!r mn^^i!.\^ Pf •• *^ ^^7 e fi«t •' lo» wa5, a. rto^Tby rt;'chS; thiS« 1* miles from the shore, and is veiy dangeions. being bold-to oK the east sidJ T^ thl ^nir?"^ of tbe cape the shoal water extends fSly 4 miles.5Jd^ni^ faSv J «f V n *^*^^^^??® 18 the great headland which forms the eastern extramitT of New Brunswick within the gulE Indian Point may bo^d to fcJmZ ^nS and Cape Jourimain the northern points of this 5^^ wlSTi a^SSf^f importance in a nautical point of tW. not only iSmite pcSSh U FJSST £ dangerous and extensive shoals. The To™.n/«i%"i". ??"„_' J?"* "«"'**« S'"iK?^?:2'[.*.°'s- T»'«p'«'of~th«i^^fcwhidSSri;:"i;i'io;";,:L.!^;^ •mall, andliears E.S.E. \ K. 2f miles from Indian Point iSwe ^eftsI^mM J i?^ ffii.p|;^4!rs5?o?e^;ri^^^^^^^ between the dir purt of the reef and Indian TcLl Bmai^t>!£^^^^J^^iuIf «!r^ .^T u ^^ " " ^* ""*•" *"*•?• "d sepanSes the two provinoM inrt named ; their boundanr continuing across t£e isihmi^ from thTheS o? Bm ^rtaS Gumberlaud Basin a distance of about 11 mUes. There i?nrhS!our in Sav V«£^ and it is completdy open to easterly winds, as weU as t«t shSoSr nSr S htS* lirSo^ "' "^"^ "•* weeds dry oi to a distance of thSqSSS STiue frot ♦^ ST'P^u ' ^^,l«» in tJ» northern oprner of the head of the bay and half a mil. J^ISKdl^^ii"'**"'' "• "^ '"-^ »' Fort lKnckii,*2'5d fS pS Sr to'nSh ViteT'' r 5 i.^?J^aV a JSol'S'iJilXml ^TfcS dMp. ^rongfa flato of mud and weeds, whieh dry ont a little from Its month n«« are chiefly token in small schooners, or in rafts'abnir sboiw. ta PitJimlhtZ^^t ^^ . Jfc^*^.f** *•■ *•" ^? ^'~*»" •*<»• •» »•» ">«"»»» of the Tignish Biver Them •re two patehes of stone with S and ft feet water at tha d^rtL««i!rf k-w j i!^ l"^r?"T» ?"• NN-B. ♦ ET«,m TngJfr'BiiSbutTSei IS SJi?^ ^fcttiom line, they rsquire no farther notiS: AtAlmUwsoJAHSJSS^ Head is Boas Spit whfch driea out to ito edge, and is rrteSTttSlfin we^fSS lr^*Sr,.** **■ o«*"Poi9t; yon sh^ keep in 81 fSSnV whw^sSfni £S «J«i''fu?"*'*^ ^T'"*S **7 "• •""• rtorf". which should be avoided when navi. i.ri^!2fi.!Ii**?' t'l^u '.'P^v""^/^"* " '••* ^•^ water, is about three«uarton » W ftiJ^'A**' n*"?^.*" ^ST^- O" ^ •»»^«« P*rt Cape St SHawtbS fW. Th«»ari4jfathoi^aIoaatotheeaatBide«fthiiBhoaL •"""•"•"•w. m POINT ESdumNAO TO THE GUT OF CANSO. i^ J Hewt Shod, with 9 £Mt leut wftter, Ues 8.W. by 8., 1* miles, ftomljape Spew. There sre la feet between it ud the shorn. j f n ^ ir' v^- Spear Shoal lies about a mile E.S.E. from Heart Shoal, and has a patch of rook with 10 feet least water near its, east end, and from 15 to 18 feet in other parts It is • bank of sand an^ stones, resting on sandstone, about a mfle long, from east to west, and rae-third of a mile broad. When appnaehing this shoal from the eastward the lead glres little warning, as there are from 8t to ^ fathoms close to it on that side : but by coming into no less than 4| fathoks. Teasels wiU aroid it, as they pass it to the southward. From the shoalest part Gape Spear bears N.W. by N., i| ^es. and Indian Point N.N.E., af mUes. Between it and Gi^ Spear there are Si fothoms. From Ooldspring Head to Lewis Qead the Clearing and distance are S.S.E. i E.. 8 mUes, and at 2i miles E. by S. of Lewis Head ULPugwash Point. Between Lewis Head and PugWashPoint is a bay into which the Bivers Philip and Pugwash run, the former in its western side, and the latter in ite eastern. Lewis Eojrf extends 2| mUes to the N.E. from I^wis Head; ite outer part is oompo8edM>f detached rocky patohes on which there are from 14 to 18 feet of watotk* with • greater depth between them • but the inner part is very shallow, and has as litde as 6 feet of water at the distence of 14 miles from the shore. PbUip Birer disembogues to the southward of Lewis Head, and between the latter and Bergeman Point There is a dangerous bar of stones and sand across ite mouth so situated as to leave only a very narrow anft^erookedTdlahnel of 8 feet at low water through which the new vessels. buUt up the river, and brought down light, are' taken with difficulty on their way to Pugwash, where thpy Ipad, and where, ilso, the lumber and produce brought down this river are tdcen to be shipped. Boate can go up about 9 miles, and there are inoreasih|f settlemento along the bordere of this river. ' noiWAn KABBOOm Ues at the head of the bay of thai name and to the southward of the iwint There is a depth of 14 feet at low water on the bar, in ordinary spring-tides, within which is a crooked ohanpel, from 60 to 100 fathoms wide, leading to the harbour: to sail through this channel requires the aid of a pilot, who will be obtained in answer to the usual signal. The harbour is a laud-locked basin, having a depth of nearly V fathoms, in which vessels loading lie moored in per«aet security. There is high water at Pugwash. F. and G., at lOh. 80m. ; ordinary spnnv-tides rise 7 feet, and neap4ides 4 feet. The rate of the tidal streams seldom exceeds a knot in the roadstead, and in the entrance of the harbour it is mnerallv less than S knots. ^ ' B»uo™uj A reef runs out from Pugwash Point tbree-quarlinrs of a mile N.W. by W., and dries out about half that distance. At i of a mUe off the point to the N. and N E . there are rooky patohes, with 11 and IS feet of water, and there are othen farther to the eastward, a lull mile out firom the shore: there is aUo uneven rocW ground, with a lees depth than 4 Athoms, S miles off shore, and which nndera it unsafe for a stranger in a large ship to go within die 5-fatfaom line. The roadsteiid is sheltered by Philip Bar and Lewis Beef from W. and N.W.. and by Pugwash Beef from E. and N.E. winds. It affbrds excellent anchorafl*. in from i?J°J* **1* ^ii**J? *^J'*^* "* ''•y *'<»"«"»5 *»>* exposed » winiSs>tween N.N.W. and N.N.E.. although th» shaUow water outside nrevente any sea from coming in, sufficient to endanger « vessel during the sunnier months To take Pugwash Boad. you ought to have a pilot, butif unable to get one. then, should you be to the northward, in 6 fathoms, von must bring the En^ish Ghurah steeple at Pugwash. so as to be seen over, and only just within, the west extreme of the iow diff of FidiJbBg Point, the east point of the bay. bearing 8. by E. * E.: running with these marks you mult not open the ehunh in the least to the westward of the point, until the south point of Philip Biver (Bergeman Point) bean 8.W. by W., or until the water deereases to 8} fathoms: you will then be close to the N.W. end of the Pugwash Beef; n o w ch any your course to S.8.W., three-^aitfters of a mile, when rlO'orlOraet "* •— ■■■ '■' u.-^.— — •>.•_. ai ■ ..' ,. .. at l ow w ater, w ith Fn fln to tb« ... .. . _ Point E7 |w distant about half a mile, or you may lie in 14 feet, half a mUe farth« |oathward. At miles E.S.E. from Pugwash Point is situated Gape Gliff, and 8 miles farther to the S.E. is Oak Island. The arast between is -unbroken and terminates iir Point Maokensie, which is separated r«m Oak Island by sand-ban and a gully for boate ,4-. POiNT ESCUMINA€ TO THE GUT OF CANSO. 127 p!?il iKu "?'" ^ *••? westward df it, on the north ride of Fox B«t imt iriSSi Pont Jnokenae. To the southward of Oak Islaad a bay runs in wSterW .h^^To to the north-west, with a channel through flats of tenaciourred el««.d-«S^. JStS? idw'ays therefore necessary, and may be obtained by makinffVhe^^^«r„ti^"t» ?' hirt water, F. and C, at lOh. SOm' ; sprinSiS Ae" fSt ni^^t^^'^ A' - Z^i"t 2v^it"'riS IS^t rid? ^"-^ *" •' '' "^?^" "^'^ «>««P » » are^K b^''i"'fi ™n« ^''tu^^^r* ??^°* °^ fj^^lo Idand the bearinr and distance are D.J1,. by jj.. 6 miles. This idand is small and low and ioine/1 tn th^X^!^u ^*U?l^^^^''\r '•*2'' ^^ it»««ternpoi?t a SnXr^f extend, att toile, and has on it a rock named the Wash-biSl. dry at low tide Tn «i!--;k^ * o, the north side, bring Treen BlulTjustopen nirtS^o^sidll iSand be^^^^^ and you will aroid it in 4 fathoms. A frequent use of the lead shonM kT^^-j^Jk ' ratherdi4ult of access. The iK »all Ind W t£'5 ia?S'erS'w^^ coarse grass. It is about 20 Ibet aboye the sea at high water anJ'wMfo^.^™Tfk Wr 5iw at present. Shallow water extends mTtZ^i^ltS^IoTl^ ttland, and may be cleared in not ]e«i than 8* fathoms, if™e ESSb rtSle i^ S« River John be not shut in behind thewe^m ride of tS caSv th! mSJ ^m5* but large ships should stand in only to 6 fathoms, and take nSLthifn^^L^u' direction shallpw water extends from the iSmd to "m ^STr S^a^ Th7.K*^f toward Gape John. In both diieetions are rooky patohes of 6 or B t»^^^tuZ more than a mUe from the iUand; but thereiSe not 1«? Uian 18 fee? wL^S duitanoe of 9 mUes, although theii is a'patoh^iJS dwth S fullv a .JfZi^ ft* eastward of the iriand. T& marks for thiTlattor nich^«, A- SLi f *° *^% Amet Wet and Tieen Bluffin one, b.^?g wTN.f «d 0^^;hr8wTr?b^ fh^'ltf^K""**, °J ^ **»^ *" ^•'y •^"P wd Vboild noXaCwShii ty a 1^ shin in the night-time nearer than 10 fatiioms. appHwonea t»y a laiige The Waugh Bank Is to the westward of Amet Islbt It is about 14^ miln. lnn» -.•♦!. ^A^S L*k"'*, ?!! ^ •PPrr''"* **»" tWnortiiward neiSsr thin 7 Zttt^S «. « ?'.?• 'H^ ^"l? ** -hallowest and steepest. To clear it onlle K rii fa 5 8pW^^f''"ll'*'r?'^*;f*"T'°f^"«*I''«»"dCapeJ?^^^ £ Tu «tny* 6rMuir^ hWo i :. S n- b; u "^o^^^^ i i * oS?8.w : iV chriu ii l ' p o'g t SL' ji*:! H?:*- *%"" *" fi-tin|rakh, on account of the bfgS land hSSd it w i^i J"' »^°°!*»'«™ point of the bay. is about 40 or 50 feet high/and has a wef extending firom U abont 4 cables' length, on the inner part of wSSh «. wJ rock, always aboye water. This iMf is MMp-to, espwsially at itewirt.rnnar?Ih«^ then* «• » fathom. olow-to, bring deqier hSTiSZijJh^rS^Zit'.M -^ <■*■" --W8 i»0£NT BSCUMINAO TOTHE 6UT OF CANSO. Wdirof the c«pe Bhallow water«teiid.hdf amileto tb. depth of 8 fathomt. nmderinff k ftaoweaiy for Teasels to keep in not leas than 4 or 8* fiuhonis WiSin tfc- «f!2?t- John B.V. which runs 4 miles to the 8.E., uid m ti « tS mtamS rf ^ ril^r £ i^^K to11i*±'„S^'*i° »*/•*»»-. r**^ bottoZis i,3dl,S th?&t sS! ^ .nJ*iir!?fi5!!"k*'» ??•'»<»»'•.» to the westwaid of Bruld Peninsula. Wina between it ' liSh ;«?^K *^-5 ** ^V "•*"• ^i'?*^. with only 7 feet onTSee 8* Stli' t.Ar»h«.-iT; T " .""g"™ unuron steeple at tbe Biyer John, ji northward of Long Point, bearing S.E. * E„ clears them in 8 fathoms Thenorth and andASt fSSS^ i^J^TIJ^*'**»y ^"^ »^« •MtwanSTbetween Cape 8t John Ihe ahalluw water. fai«riiig ZT^yA^gr^? ' J ? '* J ° * *? *"' »? ■ » > «* ■. lonung the bar of Caribw H;ttW;?«S.d; to ]^^ 'l|BaiM,ftoMfir«MFitiat. "^ """ »"^' "»*'»■• "nr* *«■ eloM to k. ItbMn&'ib*w. fSO. »Bat, rendering it fain the oape ie of tlM river is ' t be Approaobed ,, , ryingoutbalfft re aeverel ehips sh is rather 1q# > he N.W., partlj ig <4 approMb. vhieh are ro^y beir outer edge. )m« close to the lepth of 14 feet itanoe, but the d weeds. The 1 the best ahel- ^ itN.W.byN., ng between it ' 7 miles to the mud,, but large deoreases to 8 ider being all liM 8i cables' et Island and i, distant 120 . It in entering, D Brule Point t open to the - rhe north and d by aa lead, the entrance, it in 11 or 13 lyury. High . laps 8t John t narrow Ais rardof Amet estward. is a ling through The western Ie wide, with lots may be I Island, and . A a distance ler by 8and->^ . S.E., nearly Mgereus, a* ressels. At '• ihthereiea rd 1^ miles^ s of a nils fr e t whieh^ 1»0INT ESCUMINAO TO THE GUT OP OANSO. / 129 Aorth point of Kctou Bat. qaribou Harbour is ^bout 6 miles long and onebroad, and IS too shallow and diificult of access for any but small vessels. r / PIOTOU ISLAND lies\to the north-eastward of Caribou. It is Mt 4i miles long by about Ij broad, of Moderate height, and weU-wooded. Its we^rh point may be passed in 8 fathoms within half a mile, but on either side of itliere are rocki hesrlT-dnr at low water, extending 300 fathoms from the shore. The nprth shore of the island bhonld not be approached nearer than 9 fathoms, particularly at night, but the southern shore may be approached to 5 fathoms. Off the east point of the island a dangerous reef runs yearly a mile to 5 fathoms, aud partly dries at loW water; near It are 9 fathoms, so that .great caution is required when -sailing in itai vicinitr. nar- ticularly at night, and with a flood-tide. . , ''"""^y' P" From Pif^ou IsUnd a bank extends to the west and south 8J mil^8,upon which are 2f to 6 fathoihs, on a bottom of sandstone thinly coverisd with sand, gravel mud, and brokto shells: On the northern pact of this bankis a series of rooky patches, named the Middle Shoals, having 11 feet least water. They are about IJ miles in extent, in a W. by S. direction, and may be cleared to the northward in 4 faehoms by bnnging Eoger Point (the middle point on the south side of Pictou Island) and the west point of the same island in one ; but large vessels should n6t approach them on that side nearer than 7 fathoms^ Between Pictou Bank and the shoals extending from Caribou Island is a channel about half a mile wide with a suflicient depth of water for the largest vessels. It is somewhat difficult to navigate being so crooked that no leading marks clirtbt through the whole extent, nevertheless the following instructions by Captain Bayfield may *e of some service ; he says that, " the safest mode of running through this Channel to the westward, is to strike jsoundfajgs in 6 or 7 fathoms on the edge of the i^hoal water off Doctor Island, and follow it to the N.W. until Mackenzie Head is just shut in ba^nd |x)gan Point, beAring S. J W. Then steer from those marks, keeping the Head just shut in. and they will lead across the deep water, and afterwards dong the western edge of the Pictou Island Bank out to sea. If the wjnd were strong from the 8. W. with an ebb tide, it would be preferable to keep on the weather side of the channel, in which case the edge of the shoal water off Doctor Island should be followed ^rther to the N.W.. until Logan Point is only a little open to the eastward of Doctor Point, bearing S. i E. Those points in one lead along the east side of Caribou Beef at the distance of a cable, and in 4 fathoms. |Ceep Logan Point a little open, and it will lead clear out to sea in not less than 4i fathoms. The sam^ marks and directions', taken in a reverse order, will enable a vessel to take this chaniiel from the northward or westward, it being only necessary to add. that she should riot haul to the eastward until the Hawksbill, is «rell shut in behind Caribou Point, nor open out the former again'afker having shut it in, until the lighthouse at Pictou is open to the southward . of Cole Point ; the lighthouse and Cole Point in one, bearing 8. W. by W. # W. being the mark for clearing the south extreme of the Pictou Island Bank in 6 fathoms. »IOTOV HAkBOVa, about 8 miles to the southwarii of Caribou, is in every rrapect the finest on the southern shores of the gulf, being capable of receiving ships of any burthen; here are oial-mines, valuable quarries of building stone, and a finely settled country in its neighbourhood. , Pictou has been declared a free ware- housing port; and itf trade is jtwpy considerable in lumber. coal, and the fisherv. The trade of this port appeaisto^ rapidlv increasing, and the town of New Glasgow, up the East River, in the neigNbO{lrhood of the coal-mines, promises to be of conddei^ able importance. Coastera, from all parts 'of the gul^ resort to Pictou; and its exports have amounted to ^100,000 in on«^ season. A steamer runs regulariy between Pietou and Quebec; and there is a regular OOmmunication by land irmi Halifitx. > The town of Pictou stands on the north shore oi the harbour. The houses a^e ~~~ "" ~' ----"" ».~.M««» wM »no nmwt miwg »r mo uMuuuT. -LnB nouses are crowded wgeiher aiuug ttis BhonB ot a ftUftU b*y, but *U except the ohuroh sieepUts am hidden from'vessels entering the harbour, by Battery Point, which shelters them from easterly winds. Many of the dwelUntf-houses are of stone, and the popula- tion upwards of 2000. Opposite the town the harbour expands into three arms, at the heads of which are the East, West, and Middle Bivere; the two latter are onlv used by l>oato. ' ' Ih«-&orth poittt of entraaoe is Logan Point, and the south point is Maokenae Head, 1 Point, the is at pTMnt •»sS.tyW. if 180 .; Mt fl i ■^ POINT ESOUlflNAO TO THE XJDT 0» CMSO. • &i V r ^l*"J«°8t»' to the S!Si iSi ^Irife- ^* l'"^^^ ' the ratakB to mmmmmm . The pilots at PintA.. /„i, i., \ "^ •"''"»"^'» J«>k:o'«nrv:;:;Jir^,&^ men,) are alVaye on the Z^^^'^f^S^^froraSSgmol^tn^J^':: J»W«*« length Lt^and ife^i . dee^tetheTnKeofSfhaE 't? '^■"" this inn^ra; X i^L' '\ °r *« «"« ^^^n5^ From Shi l?i7 ^°1 '^<'lK« ^-•^"^kTb.L^ emmost wharves at Piotou. tbTchuib^^thJu^''^ J** thotn3,orag« off the S the lighthouse and to?n pdnTS piTir^'" ^^°"* ^^^enrie Shoal, br^ r?jl7''"*^.°\''"«'^ " the SL^'Si^^Xs^^Xi?'^ °' ? ^*8reesto the soS? on the same side beyond the to^ KuXw^ "*" ^?'°*' *h« "treme of the 1^ - Points come in one, bearin«r^Ki? -i. * *^®" ""^^s on, until Lomin i3 K ^ient to bring the to^Sf^oK S"wUhtt ^J^ * ^*tle to^Horthifi^ Keep the last-named marks exwdvin nl f Jr?..°?f*h extreme of the SandvS ll«ienrio Head, bearing 8.E.^7e T E S^ ""* ?'*^"» ^«^ «<>»»«» K^^SS ™?_.fr°°'.tho«e. marks, UpiAe B^oSijtell'T *''? T"* ««>*ir!^d 'int(theMpointo2rS?so„S«^' ^l/'*^*' "°tU the%orth he bandy Sp^t; theS ?SiH?..""*l"*^?i^« %hthouse),^pen8 .<.« ..wiu kuuBo marxs, l^thWof t*ffi»r^^^ ^ij^;^j^'^^'^^cZoZ)^X tYkiTr?^- ^^'^^^ BeKnd itejssii" sr*"'*""^' »*^t Siss; the Sandy Spit into the harbour Witl . iSf t! ^ ^ P*" midway between It and 1» high wateSr. full and ohinM ^t tli tu*^"""** ^^'^^ • P"ot is In^isnZSbli T> n^s4feet. Wltl, good tiff^ou ^Jj X ° fSo** ''^" T'^^^^^^^t. Mr. George Peacock, Master of Xm^a ™thoms over the bar. r ™ ' •*^&°u fe?\^'i'S^^^ 4-dromacho, 1839, give, the fcUowing ,-jer-4aUen Vff of >ned a veiy brisk " dimentions^ in toade In Uiat article, which SSlSlS ?«*eiho»rhood have q-nea a very brisk NSO. of play and sancl- a mile, 18 a shoaj bIs ; the marks to or Points in one 206 fathoms, the From If aokenzie i; about half-way '») Logan Foipt. "utguig the light- SRds -should pot thwittdoflibgan ties westward to Bptranoe to the of the entrance, It^t at 65 feet B Point, bearing lalfa-mlle.and >eatiag into the begins to disap- ig^t soundings l^totheS.W., I n^y anchor in • alWaysonthe' i^iehorage in ore ypu might ^ iip,s^uld not othbus. The ou.fallliato 4, w 10 fe^t on nd distai^ 4, ter oo^tinms reenthebw^, ) off the ea^ one-third if Shoal, htsag to the soi^th- 9ofthel|ind, - an and jCole ' northward, Sandy Spit, in on^ with ' martiyi and [ the Iforth iou8e).iopen8 towaiids thQ ween it and nsable. It riw 6 feet, " B following tUen'off of very brisk Butions^ in •na, ohie% ■■■■■-■■■2- ■■■ . '- vl^INT ESGUMINAO TO THE GUT OF OAN^O. 181 —the lighthouse West; Point Caribou North; and the Bearing Boll Point S^. : the latter is a high bli^, pointing to the southward, and has a small white house on the slope. From this bluff a reef extends north three cables' length, and from Point • Caribou another, west, nearly half a mile. Here you are sheltered oompl«tely firom' the 8.E. by the S., round to north, and, in a great measure, ai fair as N.B. oy the island'' and reefs off it. In fact, the only winds that throw In mj "M. ar* those Trom the S.£. by £. to N.£. by £., and the^ are faufor runwig into the hap- . bojur. which may be attempted^ iu almost any wfii^er, by ships dpwiog firom li to 201eet. . .Jqjnm in, t>rin^ the small White^ouse to the left of the lighthouse, and dose to it, on mRi a long building appearing off the starboard point of the harbour, (it liea to tSe left of a small but remarkable gap in the N.W. land,) bearing W. i N.; keep ^em1)n until Bearing Boll Point b^ins to be shut in wi|th the east land, by whi<£ time you wiU be pretty dose to the Idi|[-sandy beach on which the lighthouse stands : ' than haul over to the northward, toward a bushy tree, stan^qg by itadf on the nofth ,^hore, until you are in mid-ohannd between it and tiie.lighthouse point You mav ^then proceed up the harbour, west, in mid-channel, toward the point with ibo build- ' fng, above mentioned, and rounding it at a convenient distance, anchor at pleasure, off the town, in 7 or 8 fathoms. Or, if ofkly taking the harbour for shelter, you may tf angbor anywhere within tiie lighthouse, in mid-channel. The hdding-gr6and is jsxoellent, and you are here seciire from all winds, > ' On the 'inner bar, aihigh water, spring-tides are from 28 to 23 feet of water {flit : the outer bar, 5 fathoms ; between the bars, 7 and 8 fathoms. The tide on full and ^ange, flows at iOh., springs rise from to 8 feet, aoo(Srding4o the wii^d : neaps rise rom 3 to 5 feet The lighthouse, which is painted red and white, in vertical stripes^ . is very conspicuous, and shows a fixed light "^ In order to proceed in the night, widi a vessel of easy draught, bring the light to bear W. ^ N. and steer for it until within^ about 60 fa^ms off it, and then haul round it gradually, at about that distanc!(B;not gomg into less than 3 fathoms. Pictou appeai'3 to me to be a harbour very tosy of access, and very c^>|M)io'us. The roadstead is certainly one of the best in the world, the bottom olay and mud. ' f There is anchorage under Piotou Island, but it is by no .means to be recommended. ''^^isiSJimdmaj be seen from a ship's deck 4 or ii le^Tues off; a reef extends from its ' ' east Qnd about a mile, and from its west en^ more than half-channel over. The three-fathom bank, marked in some charts, it is sitid, does not exist" — NauUedl ' Magazine, 1839, p. 146. ' From the lighthduse the distance to the Bearing Bull, a diSy point inclosing a small lagoon, named Chance Harbour, is 4 miles in an easterly direction. From tiiis < point a reef runs out 30(^ fathoms^. Two miles henoe in ^e same dhr«otioiB ii little .Harbour, a place fit .only for boats, as, although of some extent, it is full of ahoala. In the middle of the bay is Boy Idand, off the north side of which theio is a dan- gerous ledge of feet; there Is dso areef of sandstone, partly dry at low water, ran- ping out from Cdquhouu Point, half a nule to the eastward. As all these dangm have five fathoms close to them, vessds should be eareful not to stand into looa uan 6 fathonia* along this part of the coast Merigoiflish Harbour, east of Little Harbour, has 14 feet over the bar, and a dapth sufficient for largf veasds; but it is so intricate and diffleult of aooeas that a pilot is indi^pens Aid. On the eastern side of the harbour is the idand of the same nomfl, 8i „,^ miles, long and lj| broad, rising to the height of about 160 feet, the eastern end of which is united to the shore by a sand-bar. Henoe to Gape Oaprge the ooaat runa £. by N., 27 ^es, and is bold|»nd free from danger, uid eont£ns ho harbour for shipping. The country is covered with settleinenta, an4 the hilla rising from tha coast attain Hn elevation of 1100 feet at 2 or 8 milaa firom the shore aide. At 84 miles firom Merigomidi ia the village of Ariaaig with ita wooden pi«r, tMoaif ■ ing shelter to boats and shallop^ in aoateriy winda; Mil north and west East of this pier, about a mile, is a remarkable rock naaad tha Bam. Three miles farther eastward is Malignant Cove afad Brook, where theia k good Unding for boats; this place* will be known by the Sugar Loaf Hill in ita Kua, «^ch ia 680 feet.above the sea. . ' * ' Under Cape George tbara is good anflhonge in 10 tQ 7 fktboms, dielteMA fiooi weatarly winds. 1^2 BftteTON ISLAND, &o. • goni8h"wKm^' JiS;tS SCrr^lV^ "f r « <»f theharboul of Anti- the neighbourhood; but the hMfTso Zff ^J!' fZ^''^ *•>«"" abu^iiw jL liu^*T^ *'"**^« *•>• bay, in veJJindSeSL. l^^u* ^''^^ "" "^•'i?** tHoiuplete J^'b-fbour run through many Sei of fln^ *°"5l"*e- The riwre fXginto °«fffe"'hoodiBooifi8idS^le7^ ''*""*'^' »d the populatoT5?he It. »Jiriu '*l^'' •"» *••• starboard hand whS?h »« ? ^'?F''' -^ft^' P"Mng thTrook ^B^l^r"-. *''^'°'°"t8ideu the water soon deepenjfroS ^xf s>hT "' '""^ *^'"" ""^ ^" f-^of ^rsTS^^^^^^^^ latJoiftTZt^^^ -trance Of the Gut of Canso stlds in the^2Z^'?.?::rh:L'twtd^l°^^^^^^ ^- --»•>-. the winds dra. fro. In general they are vaiabX^tCap^r'" *'^ ^T V^"*"" frob *e%o™te >' BRETON ISLAND, &0, ° V iarbQui[of Anti- s abimdance jn fed to ^ntplete 'ere faliing into pulatioB ot the f any size may nd'On the star- ' le waten This the distance of ssing the rook, II you tie shut tlf a mile from tweeh ireHwo is a dangerous t be carefully deepens from mall hlrbour, BionallV built. ) a shirt dis- 180, stands JO yardjs 1 can " I, and ithousc be !|8 m from seen thus there Is draw from B sontlivard. . vton Island to and from vantajfesof tftleajues, eachei , but Poroimine. tad sdund, 1 lies about d' nearly a ra side of bird about la^e 6 lor 8 afTordj ex- ide, which uenoed by ftheytea/, mrrenjt to rfiSj^ BUS ! here jyoa ■eek olpeQ BVlei»gth roolo^to V {\''-^:'^' ''%'P-' •-- BRETON ISIAND,'Aa 19» ' ttteady^e sI:^,'aB the tide runs in eddies. Fresh water may bo obtaiBe4 9X low water. i^lt Nearly opptei^ Mill Creek is Balaohes rasl, oiff which at nearly a cable's length from shore thtte ^ a sunken rock, readify distinguishable by the tidal eddy. Half a mile southwaj^lfr^n^ hence is Gypsum Gove, firam which Gape Porcupine bean nearly S.W. Wben:%iltng in keep near the middle, and let go your anchor in 10 fathoms. You will find silffiMent room for swinging round, in 7 fathoms. / Ship Harbour.' half-way down the gut on the eastern side, is a good harbour for vessel^f lOteet draught, and very usefd to those bound northward, as it has a good outfit. If hound in from the soiithwar^, give the sUrboard side a berth of a cable's lei%th (jit being flat), and run in untjl you shut thei north entrance of the Gut, ' and anoho)r ia 4 or; 5 fathoms, soft bottom. You jpoay obtain wood on Uie Breton side, and jfater on the opposite -shore, at Venus Gt«^ The port side of tlda harbour ' is bold^rfto than the starboard sidci and has the deepest water. Without the harw hour, one-third from the Breton side, you- may aiiohoii!; in 9, 10, to 13 fathoms, loose ground, in the strength of the tide. Good anchorage may be had at Holland Obve, near^. opposite Ship Harbour, in 6 or 7 fathoms, muddy bottom, and out o( the strength 01'^ tide. At the south end of the gut there is" a fine bay, on^e Breton side, named In- habitant Bay, in which there is good anchorage ahd shelt^K When sailing in, keep near Evans Island to avoid Long Ijedge, stretching off the north shore, after passing ^ which, run up in mid-channel, keeping the lead constantIy';«>ing. Tarbidton and Sea-Goal Harbours, the former on the east tod the latter on* we\west side of tiM bay, each afford good sheltered anchorage in 4, 6, and 6 fathoms, on'ii^'fimddy bottom, and are verv convenient when N.W. winds prevail at the south eA|rance of the Gut. When bound southwards, if caught with a southerly wind, yott will find good anchorage under Tarbaltofl Head, where you may ride safely in %e^ bpy, in ft or 6 fathcpis. * j-at*" '(': 1* The following directions have been given for the Gut am. ttaCftl^ he found useful:— -7^ "If from tla northward, you may proceed through the Gut in safety): by keeping nearly in the mid-channel, there being no danger until you arrive off the south point named Eddy Point,; * but, from this point-extends a long spit of sand, with Targe Sand stones, which must be left on the starboard side, at the distance of half a lie from what may be seen above water. The race of the tide will serve to guide you from it. / - Having passed the spit of Eddy Point, you may steer to the S.S.El until abreast of an island which appears covered with gr^n spruoe-trses, having red bark. Hence you proceed straight out' to sea. Be cautious of running in the directi6n of a dangerous steep rock, named the Oer- berus Book, with only 10 feet of watfer ovei' it, and tn which the sea breaks oocar* sianaliy. This rock lif^jnth the centre of Verte or Green IsUnd in a line with Ci^ Hogan, or Iron Gape, on me Isle of Madame, at the «|istanoe of ^ about 4^ miles from ' Gape Argos, and about S^ miles/from Garie Hogan. It may be cleared on the west- side by bringing Eddy Point in/one with Bear Island. Near the end of the Gut, i^ithin a mile of Eddv Point, there is a middle gionnd ''^ ''"^^" nearly"ivided™S So^^Thl ' SL^ ^ "iJ ,*" ° ^ " '®'™«* ^'^to *wo passages, named the tJreat and LittlA XTmI^:La^!L^ "i?^ '»' Boula^rieTlhe latter channSIs Jmp^^S ! ao» lor fehipa, and is seldom used even by boats. The showB of thim i.iro «.^vr ~ntirin Aumeroos bays and small harbouw. i^ Wh tf C is eWnSi^" oSJt ■"^ ^^S:?* *"*ny.«>*«U itfands, and terminates at the isthmus of St. Pfttw »i,i^ ' 2t,2S*.?S/s;jol?S:p'Sr"^"~*- *••« ^*^" of B.rdT^^S'^r o?tt sargJitrMh^zf^^ B^ya^d ^ ?Z' S!SijI^».Si*"A*^~ ^'P* ^*'»'' *« CanS^TOn the inland pares 01 we country, Tefy high, but m some places it falls irraduallv towards th*. ^i^^l^^I^T^"^^' " V*' "^ *^« idand: from the northWd,% m^^^^^^ atMid in to tb« distMMS of two tMH^pies from shora. Havinff awived *Chm«^ h»Jl and pto««d»g dong the BrrtoTK towart. toe oSTCSJS^^^bTtSTn BRETON ISLAND. Ao. ''m to AToid tlM Jndlque Bank ftndyShoalB, the former of whioli has i} fathoms qrer it, and lies aboht 6 miles southward 6f Henry Island, at 3 miles firom tiie shof^ ; the Shoals are situated nearly 8 miles further to the southM^ard, and-extend 1^ milM from the land. The mark' for elearing kU these dangers is thehigh land of Gape Porcupine just open, and bearing S.°i !B. of the east shor&of the O^- The eastern eoast of the island is oommonly made by navigators bound from Europe to Nova Scotia; its appearance on the sea shore, and also to Bome,distanoe,.' up the country, is barren and rooky ; and the tops of the hills, being much alike, have nothing remarkable to disUnguish them. The lighthouse and town of Louisbourg serye, however, to point out that part of the island on which they stand. ^ A light- house, painted white, now stands on the east point of l^atari Island, and exhibits a revolving light, visible one minute and invisible half a ininute. A lighthouse, showing a fixed light 100 feet above the sea, stands on Flat Island, upon the eastern side or the entrance to Sydney, and may*be easUy distinguished from that oh Soatari Island, by its being painted vertically red and white. Louisliourg Lighthouse stands on the eastern side of the entrance to the harbour, and in order to distinguish it from the other Ugfathouses, and to rendeir it conspicuous when the back land is covered with snow, it is built square, painted white, with vertical black stripes on either side. The coast continues rocky ot^ the shore, with a few banks of red jearth, which appear less barren. ^ The N.G. coast of Breton Island, between Scatari Island and Cape Dauphin, is low; but, from Gape Dauphin to Gape Ensumfi, it is high. Between Soataij Island and the entrance to Port St. Anne, a vessel may stand in-shore, to 15, 10,' and 7 fathoms in clear water with gradual soundings. Blanoherotte, or White Gliff, is rituated on the south-eastern coast of the island, and is a remarkable cliff of whiticih earth in lat. 45° 80', and long. 60° 25'. At 1 miles to the ijreetwaft of it is a smaU woody island, at upwards of a mile from shore, and off thelittUfliantour of Esprit. The land hentie to Madame Island is genendly low, and presents sevcyral banks of bright red efurth, with beaches between them. Albion Gliff, on the south side of Madame, is roel^, remarkaUy high, and precipitous. Of tlie interior of Breton Island, like Mewfounuand, bnt litue is known. When approaehing the ielMd, from any direotion, too much caution cannot be exercised on aooount of the omrents setting alternately about Gape North according to the winds at sea, hofh from the westward and eastward. . '' GAPE NORTH is a lofty protnbhtory at the N.E. extrsmity of Breton Island, fn lat 0° 2''40*. and long. 60PM' 2a^/ The entrance into the Oulf of Bt Lawrence is formed by this cape and Gape Bay, and the latter bears fh>m the former E.N.E. i E., distant 18| leagues : the deptlp' of water between, excepting near the Island of St Paul, is generally above AOO fathoms. From Gape NorU> to Ashpee Harbour the course and distance are S.W. ^ 8. 6 miles. In this harbour vessels may.^d shelter, and good anchorage may be obtained behind the island, where boats-tmS land, and water atid provisions be obtained. For want of knowledge of such an establishment, many have been obliged to endure both hunger and fatigue onrelieved. At two miles to- the southward of Ashpee Harbour is situated Aralsow Cove, from which the eoast runs 2 miles to the eastward, and then trends S.S.W., 11 miles; to Naganish Island, between which and Gape Bnsam£ a good bay is formed, frdl 2| miles deep, with. 4 to ^thorns in it Another deep bvy lies on the sdtith side of Gape Ensumi, nearly as large «a.the former, with 7 to 10 nihoms in it : but they are both open to Mrterly winds. F!rom Gape Ensumi to Black Point the oourse and distanee tmUM. bv 8. 20 mUes. Blaek Foiat forms the westisin, and Siboux Islands the eastern aUe 6f the entraaoe to 8t Anne'a Harboof. ST. ANNE'S. HARBOUB^-Tbis harbour was named by the French, when i|^ thdr possession. Port Dauphbi, and is a vwy safe and ^acious harboqr. It has but a narrow entrance, and oMriw '^ firthomi «>t low wtmt, on^ you j— ** J^ttu r ■r ( I I f:r ^80 liV^- BRETON ISLAND. Ac. Point, off which lies a sunlS; "5 o 6 feet'JSi ^"" r** "'"'^ »»"^«t of^P^s^ Ispit of St Anne's Flat, and thrnimwert d^ „V ?k ^^ 1^^ ^ ^'^"'^ ^n« tS "hummock up in the country neare«t^ ♦!: ^if^ ?^ *^? channel. Now keep\ small which hummock is on the^idditfaL f±^ S?"1* ^'^^J* ^"'* *° *»»« »«'t''L5 of U • enter the elbow part of the bpaoh. When Slanii^^ ? *''f ^«' '**<"^' ""til you (about the 8ize of two gun-portTwhioh m^ w-f^*"^ *''"• '"• ^«»P the openinir open opening looks like two stLp cliffs ^thJif *•» W'an^ce up tfie 8.W. arm."^ ?hi! lead you between the beach and the sTitt TnZ^- ''PP?*"?^ between them, «,d^U " G«.t Entrance. «d Se S» head, steer for notoh^ yalley in the StliS^ ?oa 2^ °1 *''* ^K ^oiU^sland in onoTth I Seatl I^d wfiich will carryTu clew of ^« i^**! ""^t^**? ,*•»• R^*"' «f «>« UppeJ Sh(^al. or Middle Ground. tG maJE for 5.« 5^*'", •"* *^" »?*°^'»' " *>«> the sSS?h th«^ eastern end, and a white Wr!^!^**'*"'."''*'*^ "* » *hite rock in the ba^ fo, wei^m £^of thiJsSoi yo^miyitTSl'''J^^''T'''^''^- ' ^hen abreasTrf 4" ' come to ^ Head. If bLn^i^K^Jt h!JEJ*"%*^*'? "^"'"^^ffioultyuntilyoJ enSf'rtt'*^**' ruroJtS^'.Si°Jt5/f *fe,»"kep KentTwaK end of the ^uke of Eenfs Island aril for \^.-«T\ ^^T^ •*"*•» of the western ^land. Then steer for CnuiW H^S «n L^^*"''.^**^' «»*" *l>'«a8t of StoS Head; when abreast ofTraSKlJift"!*** ''^^"."ho.l lying off from wJLiSf " a shoal lying on the south iride^he^hitr 7" ''':?' ^S' «•« B«ll »ock.inJdd Green Beach. You wUl then steer for vS«lfc II ♦k "V"".*** y®" •» *«U op with opening of the Nam,ws ; you S?^'jJ^°i?!"«'h •hore^^^ untU you come to the western eL^-„ through the Narrawi^ keepiiig the mid^e /SiM^.** Whookamagb Lli? '**"^*^»'»« ^^^ter dift; yoiTU then clear oentte of the harbour, on a mMdlT^„„t j" S*' "**?"• "» » or 6 fathoms, in the TaWe Iriand a handspike's I^^ZSTLa^!!^*^'*^ ""^l •"• *» ^rin^ thj £J. On the nortK sideof S ffio™l^SL?^f*^*''^/"^*J«^ 8«l|-and..«idtothee..tw«do?SXr^'!^^ ' tb» Lower and to the BRETON ISLAND. &c. 187 westward of the sftffie {Hands in 7 fathoms. Thiare is no other plaee of anehorage from this to the Big Harbour, where you may ride in 7 or 8 fathoms ; from thenoe you may anchor at any time. ■ - Setting of the Tide in Orand Brat tFOt.—The first quarterflood sots from the northward, directly over the shoal, last quarter W.S.W., being directly through the channel, and meeting with the tide coming over the shoal, sets toward the Black Point, which occasions it to shoot across the Gut, making a number of whirlpools and strong, eddies on each side of the channel, which slacks two or three times during the tide. Tlie first quarter-ebb s^ts over the shial to the northward; last quarter directly through the channel. N.B.— The tide of ebb is the fairest setting-tide. The tide runs in until grinds half-ebb, and out until, halt-flood, in regular tides; but .,» tion; N.E. winds make high tides, and S.W. neaping the with S-W.' winds until high water, and in until \om wai rise four feet, unless affected by winds. High water te full and Itt' 21*< and long*. 60° 10* ir. It is an octagonal tower of wood, 61 feet in height, painted vertically red and white. It Mhibito a brilliant fixed light, at 70 feet i^ve the level of the sea, which mi^r be seen in elear weather at 6 leagues' distance. Fish' of various kindsi cod, haddock, &o., are caught on the coast in great abundance. The tide in the Mbour flowa^at 9b., and rises 6 feet South-ea^f Sydney Harbour are Indian Bay and Windham River, both places of ancborag^, and fit for small vessels to run into, although little frequented at present; southward of these is Morien, or Cow Bay, at the northern point of which is Flint Island; there is a passage between this island and the main, with 14 fathoms water, but this should be adopted with the greatest caution, on account of the numerous rocks under water that are scattered about This bay is open to the north-eastward, and ito head is encumbered with an extensive shallow flat, whioh dries at low water. ' Miray Bay is farther to the southward, its entrance being between Ciqw Morien and the Island of Soatari; the bay is wide, and runs in 3 leagues, branching off at its upper part into two rivers; there is deep water in it from 30 to 6 fathoms, and dear from dangers, but it affords uo shelter ior shipping. SCATARI ISLAND lies in about the lat of 46° N. ; its length from E. to W. is nearly » leagues, fni its breadth about one league ; there is a ehannal between it and Gape Breton leanng into Miray Bay, but it is too hazardous for strangers, and frequented only by thoae coasters who are wall aoquain|wd with its dangers. On the east point of tins island, which is also the easternmost land of Breton Island, is a lighthouse, in lat 46° 3' 18*, and long. ft9° 40*. The tower ia painted white, and exhibits a revolving light at about 90 feet above the sea; visible one minute, and invisible hatf a mint^tffraltemtely. A bpat is kept to v^nA^r m^utM,*^- w fwwiii m dUtMS^. ilkdireualllSfinswer Wnals, when req^iStii^TWght Kid never be brought to bear eastward of N-NiE. nor to the southward of S.8.W.. mm. should it be apfHroaebed nearat- than 1| ntika. As vessels from Europe frequently first make the land about Soatari Island, tba re- volvug light on the eastern point will be found of great service. It wpean. by the late mirvqr of the^ St Petar'a Bank, that in lat 46° N. the wwtem ed^ of ^ ^t^ # IM BBEToi) IBLAHd; to. few lUheimeii only. Water r^DlenSS.K^^ L^*** inbaWttnts eotunst of a •uooeeded by . beaoofai) an^shJiBTfiSd SahtliS^i/?** «8hthou8e, (which was ---^ to the Boatfi-eartem StremityTcaMBi,^ T?J^^uT•^^ . J«a*%0>P«intedwhite.^rTeiSS b?^^^ • •«£«*« tinguiBh it from other lighthouses and to r«nA^^! •'**' «*«» w order to dis^ is oovend with anow.o ^°"**"''' *°<* to render it oonspionous when the back land . the light to bear W. by N.rSnwre^rSeriv^lSrJA**^''^^^ ward.N.byE:,ormofe noSiSJ! KdJr to 2^«r^Jl^^^^^ wWoh lie tf..«w„arf rs of a 3 S. hyVVwfS^ ^^'t^ »°Lt»>o LedgB,. entranoe of the >arbour. which is n^^ r.'if*. -i vF*^ *'?*'*• When in the N£.E.two or three ^ilS^l^i^^^t^^^t'Jr'^ light bearS| <&H»Pbrtlaa/iW«&%\?;L W L^^^^^ aotoTfathims. Off «1«8 and rocks. About 4 leagues to^eWwJ3^f'^°^^ Harbour, a narrow winding iKwhichlm^^u^ ,?!?""• ?»y *« *• forked rocked and 6 mUes south-westwarf of thS is 2Ti!n^JT '?^ "^^ "« J"^- notioed, named Cane Blanohmntto t^- If »niarkable white cliff, already . Hinchiibroke andKrof ISL,.^' '^"" ~' ^^"^ *« *^« *«"'t»'"^. toS^pJ attempted without a S^^^l ^^.^fa ni? JlX^r?''' ""^* "-^'^ »° l!* her anohon. should she be taken aback Wt^l^!^'J* * '"?^ "^^P to swing to westward b*m Seymour or jJSCm IsS^ ^±f ^f J* *••• '*^8» «tonhan 8 fathoms, aiid then k2?SnW^.tSH^ •ppwaching it by the S.B. n«»«go. ete^for pJinrfia^hTrouSdto^^ft Z Tfi?"""^- v^" •»»«' oableaJengA off; keep that shore on ho!^' TnS LVJ^^a^T' '* •*~"* *''« of watn-, until the ehuroh beArs NorSTv-,, Jlf^i^^ ™ "*"• diftance and depth Ho«ee)onthetopoftheWUlSlndft;;/;,"h^bri^^^^ ' the cfaureb, and tW steer in thatdlStion " vL' iTC •**' *"' '^i'* *•"• «"* ond of • ward of the Eleven and FifSot^SS? 'Jh-IT V'Vu P*" °»^*'-''V to the east-v Head Shoal. Proceed ^lASSm^l^imt'rJ^^'' ''*'*^J '^ FiSE oomes oq with the dark rocky exJemTof S^St i^w °T ?» Fiddle-Head Point to the Qorthward of the Tw^T^ftT^oal LSf^-iir"?* ^'^^''' y«" »*" then be . you wiU find excellent ^S^T^h^JTZ^ ^^.^ ^* *"**"^' *»»««» - the mid^e of Seymour lauld^oZhZrYn^M^^ b*^ "^^ ^«''»» »«» IS naMMiy to avoid the C;rberus,^ZS dStf ?„S* '^'/T* ?'u'^^« «•«• 4 i ^t 10 mil^ Ro,S it Cranber?rLiJhSo^.e 55LJ « Vr "^'l?'' ?»• ^"^We Si' ■4.1 I^BKfdN VSLAXfD, Ac. UlmilMfWmie Bton Idaod, to availing your- tarboard hand taeotuistof a r'»H«adBock 3 feat on it at harbonr at 60 9i (wfaiefa was 'ape Portland b is a square Older to dis- the back land ofservioeto ihould bring d from west- I the Ledges, Hieo in the ight beariAg to aroid the >in the light. Louisbourg >rtland Isle, ^een lies a thims. Off f dangerous the Forked id lie land- liff, already rd. to Oa]ie of the Islo'^ leyer to be to swing to extending oaching it To enter about two and depth (the Dead ast end of > the east-*^*" ha Fiddle, •ad Point U then be ^ »d, where* —-- beaoh o|| aehe care I fathoms .^ ;': a, Tisible^ »int 8. fto Araohat alnady #-. 180' tOMM that |Im lides ctf OatiBo, on the KoTa BQt^an side, are mirttmoded wifb!:niimy low white rooks and broakerg. The S9^th sliore of Chedabneto Bay is inm-bounct und Bte«n-(o; its north shore is of red clifib and beaches. Offit* Out of Oaaso, from the southeni entrance northward, the western shor^, throughout, irhigh, rookyV and steep ; the eastern shore low, with beaches. From the north end ^ the jp^ the eastern shore to Jestieo,or Port Hood, is distinguished l^ high, rook^, red ^mTThe .opposite shore has sereral remarkable olifiE^ of gypsum, or plaster, which appear extremely white. C^pe C^rge, the western extremity of George's Bay, is iron-bound and Tsry hkfa ; its summit being estimated to be 600 fbet above tlie level of the sea. PORT HOOD, situated on the western' side of Bieton Island, is a safe harbour for frigates with any wind, but particulariy from the S.W. to S.S.E. round by the north- wud; the-aOohorage is in 4 to ft fMlioms, mud and sandy bottom: here you may get both wood and water.' The leading mark going in is. Gape Lin^ee on with the highest sand-hills that are on the N.N.E. side of the beaoh, bearing N. by E. or NXE. : these kept in a line will lead you dear of |pit-head, in 4 tp 6 fathoms. On the opposite shore is a long and broad flat, stretching from the shore thtee^uarters ef a mile, named the Dean, to which you should not approach nearer fhaa in*4 fathoms. At 6 miles S. by W. from Henry Island, the outermost of tfae^ands forming Port Hood, and 18^ miles E. by S. } 8. from Gape Qeorge, is a small shoal of iffi^oms, named the Jndique Bank, distant (torn the shore of Breton Island abdut 2f miles. It is about three-quarters of a mile in extent, and has 8 to 7 ikthoms all round it Within this shoal, to the' southward, are some reefr, which join the shore, from which the outermost part is distant I| miles ; they are named the Jndique Shoals, and have 5 to 6 lathoms just off their outer edge. To go clear of all these dangers, .bring the high land of Gape Porcupine, on the west side of the Gut of Ganso, open of the eastern shore of theChit, bearing 8. ^ E. At 4 miles E. by N. from Gape Linzee is the Mabou Biver, which is wide at the entrance andx continues so fully 4 miles, where two streams fall into it On the eastern side of this ril^r stands the village of the same name, from which to Gape Mabou the bearing and distance are N.E. 6 miles. At 4 leagues N.E. by £. from Gi^e Mabou lies Sea Wolves Island, whioh is about 1| miles in length, and hold-to, and lies 2 miles from the shore, having 10 fathoms water between. At 7 mites, £if.E., from Sea Wolves Island it the western point of Salmon Biver, and at mile^ N.E. from Salmon River is Cape Beaque, At 3 miles to the north-eastwaxd of the cape is the entrance to an inlet which runs In south-westward, 4 mile's, near the head of whioh is a settlement; ituntranoe is about half a mile wide, on the eastern side of which is Gbeteoan Harboitf, tit for small vessels. From Gape Beaque" to Gape St Lawrence the .bearing and distance are N.E. by £. 31 miles, and from Gape St Law- rence to Gape North, the bearing and distance are E.S.E., 8 mOes. Between these last two capes the land curves in to the southward: near the head of this bkht are 18 fathom s water. ^ ^ OMMMUkMOOTO IMT*— -Although Ghedabuoto Bay is not in the limits of this section, yet as it is necessarily traversed by vessels sailing through the Gut of Ganso, it will not be considered out of place to make a few remark* en it here. The hay is wide and spaeious, and bold-to on both shores and "free fh>^ danger. On its southern aide, which is high and nearly straight, are Fox Island and Grow Harbour. Fox Idand is small and lies near the shore. At the southern entrance of the bay, a lighthouse stands on Granbeny Island, eastward of Cape Ganso. It is an octagonal tower, 60 feet high, standing in lat 40° 10' 64", and long. OO" W 36*; it is painted red and white horizontally, and exhibits two fixed lights, one above tl^ otiter. Fox Island Anchorage is one^of the^ greatest mackerel fishery stations in North .--i_<__..^ .,.__* o , ,^.. Iten Mii l inginyonaiMy ^ .A msn iP iLdMri i pass to the westward of Fox Island, giving it a berth of a quarter of a n^e as th«ir« are rodcs about it both above and under water, with 8 and 4 fathoms dose to them. You mav anchor in from 4 to 10 fathoms, with the west end of the idand bearing from E.NJ:. to liN.fi:, keeping about midway between the idand and tiie mab. The water dioals gradually to the b4r, which extends Arom the island to the shore, and has not nine than tot 7 feet on ita deepest part, drying In, one pUee i^ot one- third of tlie dtstanoe from the idand to the mdn; with uortheily and Wi^ weMsily 14a PRINOE BDWABDa ISLAMp. pointdf BoSumS^ orito*Ij.„a Bool, which lierss &g,,posee. The Wand is Txem^t ^Jf^ possesses a good soil, fit coasts of Nova Scotia, Breton iSn A .ndN^^^n*^" H' "Me the surronndW inth it.- The oUmate^i.^;„Sy*he«;5i S^^^- "? fr«q««°tly oo3 •riBden changes of weathsfexScSi/SLS^^ ""* subject to the the middle of December, and Snuw until ft?*^ ^^^ *^.*" h"" ^t" ^o *bout >an in England; g«neraUyT ,Sy ?r°S. id^i'frr."*.''^**''^^^ «vere as to ,.reTentSe •xe4)nsT2e irhabSSts^^Tl""''*-^''''' *V' "°* «« The weather is generaUy serene, and the Ay olelr S InW^ J*n»«» J«nployments. mnng opens, the trees bloMwm. and TieSttSnli in iP.?;**'*^^ ^""^ »P. the the face of the country presenta a deKiSl ^ni!* *°^*t forwardness. In May, quick, that, in July. pe^ii,4c JJe wSSdwhSf »*• ^*««t«i«'» is «o exoeedingj? *he coundy is geSSly A,^n!S^ st^s «d fZ^^A "^fr^^^ ^oS water. and-groTcs of ties, which produw S'oJ«.«IS^°i" »«* springs of fine The greater part of the inh»6itants\w ZpKd ilfeSfn.**' ^^1'." °* **»»«'• *«• Town, rituated between York and lSsSShBfJ^**K'"^H'"«^ ^•'"Jotte I island. IS the seat of government. """"""'"«'» ^▼•'«. on the southern side of the ' The coast forms numerous harbours man* ^t —u: i. *. resMls only. The principal loXJ Mrt?Sf oil ff "'"J"' ^r*^*'' «* «>' ""nail go Three fiiren^ aSd uSiyX^JJ^Th. g E^ Hl£ai*"\^*«« ^J' <>' IJgj,u.B.yo„the southern^de; lUciX^i^knTfe^^ «p»o.«hing this reef, as the flood-tidfir^^^^^ """ »« "•"*•«» i" fron^ thence to the soutb-w^stward. at the me of Slkinf""/?"' northward, anrl W.«h.r. should not Spp««ch the polnt^ea^r" al 7£^t "ft^*"^^ ^•"' $i PRINCE "EDWAilD'S ISLAND. >inB,,«nd riiift of Aontaining [ood, and the our, iu a line olear of the to the N.W. |r, is impeded ar Tesael9 liev r. Thetowu ^ smaU light es are full of al red oliffs ; the water is fiathenar- les iu hour. ape George, / md that, at r many sue/ Ut ritish com- >od soil, fit UTounding ly oovered ecli^o the •B in about it is colder >ut not 80 iloyments. ks up, the In May, Eoeedingfy >g month, la of fine mber, &o. Charlotte I de of the for small » Bay, or dBiver; r on the fathoms, "oised in ard, anri ings aio in dark I is Ter^- \**''^ *^" P<^»* ^^ N.E. gales. To the southward of the point, betweentit and * m'Tu "* *^- • *''®" " 9"*^ riding with northerly winds, s To the southward of Gape East there is an extensir^ bank of 6 to 7 fathoms. Extending m a N.N.E. and S.S.W. direction, about 6J mUe& It is named the Mihie If Mik, and IS about 6i miles long, wii^ Very irriq^ular soundings ; towards its southern end, and dose to th& outer edge, tiiere is a'shallower part of 4i Ifithoott, extendinir for a distance of IJ miles, which hears between 8. and 8. by E. 4* to 5* i^es ftwn the cape. The mark for the northern end of this shaUow ndge is Sotofe ahd Dean Points M onejbeaiteg W. by N.. and for the southern end, 8wanton and Chebstow Joints, W.N.W. i W. ; these mark^ lead oyer the ends of the bank in 6 fathoms, but are so distant that they cannot ba-se^n unless it is very fine weather. AU round the bank there are 10 to 16 fkthdms. It has stetfn edges, and the sea breaks heaTUy in strong N.E. gales. --; — * — ^-v ' CARDIGAN BAT, or the Three Rivers, lies between BonghtoU Island andx^Pan- . muTd Island; it^s the common entrance to three rivers; namely. Cardigan Rirer. Brudenell River, and Montague River. In the former there are from 7 to 8 fatfioms of w«er, and in the others from 4 to 2 fathoms. George Town stands on a penin- sula between the Rivera Brudenell and Cwdigan. In these places many large shitw have loaded with tipber. There is anchorage without, in OanUgan Bay. in from 10 toOfathoms, where a pilot may be obtained. Fisherman's Bank is composed of sandstone, thinly covered with stones, gravel, and broken sb«ll9- lUa « miles long from east to west, by 1* miles broad, within the depUi of water, coven Bear, the m fathoms thr In a gale, this hoM; but the qhallow central part, of from 4 to 5 fathoms at low |rT«lf that spice. The least water, 4 fathoms,hear8 from Cape ^d, E.S.E. \ E. 1\ miles j and there is another patch with 6 • of a mile farther eastward. It has deep water all round it- „ , should be avoided by large ships. MURRAY HARBOUR }ies close to the north-westward of Bear Cape; and the' entrance IS tiwrow and shoal, difBcult of access, and with not more than 10 feet of' water. Vessels from the eastward, and bound 'to Murray Harbour, must avoid approaching too, near to Bear Cape, as a ridge of rocksextends out a full mUe from it. The bar of Murray Harbour is exceedingly dangerous, having only 10 fbet at low water; and easterly winds send in such a heavy sea, that bieaken extend all across the bay, upwards of 2 mfles. The channel in is buoyed and beaconed, but a pilot is at all times necessarr to ensure safely. From Bear Cape to the Wood Islands, a dis- tance of 13 miles, the coast is all clear; and near the shore is anehonun in 8 to 4 fathoms. ^ About a mile 8.W. by W. from the Wood Islands are the Indian Rooks, some very dangerous rocks, extending 1| miles from the shore. There is almost always a ripplinff on those parts which dry, by which their position is generaUy indicated. Spring-tidM run 3 knots near these rooks, and rise feet; and itis high water, full and change, at 9h. 46m. At night come no nearer their S.E. part than 18 fathoms, as there ue 10 fathoms within a quarter of a mile of their southern edge. There is a narrow channel between these rocks and the shore, but of no use to shipping. . The Rifleman Rocks lie 4^ miles to the westward of Indian Rocks, and an one of the greatest dangen in the strait There are only 6 feet water on the shoalest part, and from its outer point, in 8 fathoms. Prim Point Light beare N.N.W. \ W., 8 miles. This shoal should always be approached with great oare, particularly 1 i°*87 weather, as the soundings are very irregular, and there are 16 fethoms within half a mUe of it, with a less depth fiuther out. At night, Prim Light should not be brought to the westward of N.N.W. * ^^ The Plaette ^iver, 4 mUes eastward of Prim Point, hu a rooky dangerous bar, and U fit only for small sehooneys; the biu- is neariv a mile wlthnnt tha mi - should not be approaohed nearer than 6 fetboms at low water. At Pinette it is high water, full and change, at lOh. ; springs rise 8 feet, neaps 6 feet There are only a feet water on thebar at low water. maMmwmvm. «AT.— Prim Point is Ion, with clifik 10 to 16 feet high. The lighthouse shows a fixed light, 68 feet above the level of tiie sea at high water, and may be seto 4 or 6 Isi^oes fhm the dedt ; tod is of gret» serriee to veewdt eoming ^ . 143 BMNGB BI)WABI^ ISLAND. * V lUUC Vro} yaj*. within the point. ^ wSt Ttremo^^L %tt V^ ^l^hthouw itonds |00 . A reef ptt torkei sbaoe raao ^nt il^- Izi!?"",^* ^ ^^l*^ "*»*««• in the .lirfter depth iu» the Blook-ho^ftdnS P* °»arks to clear the extieme end Church M Chilott^ TowiroWXiN hT AT*7*TK''*^*ff^ •Iwajs be seen, you must attend to SelS li,?™ *^' ^ *»»««» Qbieeta cannot It. and the beariig of the uStme ^aT'TsJ^^ •^«^/ wun^the reef bv •fraught of water "K^woiwe, m S, 4, or 6 fathotos, according to yout Tessd^ cu^^js:' :?%:; a^s t^^i^^t. ?^i" •^'"^^ « -^- i- -- gew •» ext«i8iwVMVS.?5ffTo fhSoi ^idtod wiflun lijniles: but N. direction, 8 niiles; S^ttdrilL s ^»^^S^S^ ?'?"»**» i«l«»d. in an i. by spit lies the SpiSSd. a :SK AoS of 8aSl Tl *«,^* Off t»«o.*nd of thJ bead then i« a beaim-buof ^ .-L^*" j^^'T J*' *•**» •Mtwarf of the Spit- miles. Irom the SpittS bSS A Sffi ""^ V^ *•"* *'»"«»•» t""*'^* ^orth. 2i i.wn Harbour. ^4boW iSf^a^e S.^Tw "^f «.'*'t f*^^ "^ °^^^ ~ trout Book, of 7 feet, haying 14to 16 fSta^onS* u. JJ"*'^?""" ^'^*' ^•^ t''* £^r^H^ «?"„•• J^'«^ite^tX »t;.theGoTenunent.ho««, and s;Xtbtr™tde^ifti^9r3S^^ • as well as the western aideTtheX^-lir^j ^""^ to Charlotte Town Harbour. Governs Shoals^Sid to leS^^.rmS»i2L^ M' "*^ ^"'°5 ^ays. tS- aloonsiderahle distance fi«m Se S • to*S ' * *'!!® "T* "^^^ P^bds-- near^a miles, to 6 fathomsJ ThJ IW* bunv L*^'"^*^ ^'^ Bhoals nm oft . witWn the end of the shcjallit lii irithSL«S?p^?^ •" i ^*^«°»^ •<»«•'" length ; Presbytwian Church in oS^N. by"* i E Yo^i!?* '"* ** !«""« *«*" °f SS .*« buoy; but very large ships Sould niit th« lZ^*I P"*' on* either side of this P^^^'^i^i^R.h^^^&Z^VV^^^ TheSq„|^Sboal.of be passed to the waatjLi t?" "V/"- P."?l°i Go^.emor Island, and most also ^ b^ pa^ed to ^^^U/'Z.ri^R^^^ cClot^r^"^*^'^--^-'"-^^^^ JbSift^^ town. •nd the rise in oidin^ aprina-Sde.^ Jf &'^." "'^ °'».»°8» *» ^Oh. 46ni.-. BeneraUy lie off the whirX^SFSTto^thS-Z^W T^^^ ^, ^«'*' ^''iP" deep, and 2^0 fktiuims wide. • ^^ wnqje^the channeT is nearly 10 fathoms can^nftta^/JSaj^hl?^^ ^^J^!^ Town, but if one found N.W. of Govtonor iSnd. unS Si^offiK "a* «'>^'^oho,Hg^ will be ward with a fair wind, bringthe N W^Jn? ^^^ Approaohinff from thewest- to touch, bearing E. IjVT «d run ftam fil.^ i^r??**?J^'* *»2 ?ownell Point to ope wiA BlocWS^liiSlSSngN. t E il ^^^^f^'i'^ Ghu«l, comes E. or N.E. i E.. adcofdinir as itmlv iL 2^A* *'V?^!? ^°* must steer, N.E. by Goyemmen/houi ahd Ky plf Sn. i^ l^^t^^ *S*"xS« *"» '^^^ «f marluileadinthedeep-wat«^fi«Sdto^^ »^r »«»«»• bour. If theleading mwis oumX^^J*M\.^ ■* *¥ entrance of the har- Prim Point to bear to the weatwu? of K v w V^ **^ "?? bringing the light on Beef by the lead in 10 fXiTrSX^fJin.^i'^ ""P 1^^"^^ rounJ PriiS n S|ho«b,«nd se stands 100. from it N.W. 8. !Fim,,aQ«l>ss byW.iW,. 8 ; but to the ) extreme end [Pre^jrterian neeta ouwot 1 the reef by your Tess«l^ milef io cir- ^.miles; but in an £. by ' -And of the of the Spit- is north, 2i Df Obairlotta ~ lint lies the t-house «Qd byE.fE., id by shoals Ds, with its - 1 Harbour, Bays. The' low patdb(is'~ i]s run oft . We's lengtjh ^ wer of the.- ide of this V Shoal, of i must (Use ; If miles n going to atal town^ short dis-^ les nearest [Oh. 45m;, - Bt Ships fathoms ut if one » will be thewest- lell Point 'ob oomes ,N.E. by )t side df MO latter Pthehar- 'myst bo light op odPrim mtothe Ml being PMNGB EDWARD'S ISLAND. m Tji^iif* *i}°,*'*t^*T"^**« depth of 10 fathoms.) or when tho v^ufii side of Prim SS2« Kf^.^'^^T^i?'"'^'^"'^?"^ ??™* °^ ** reef wiUbe pM% and tb^coorm wote the b^y mjist be North or N. i k at night or in thiok. weather; the obie^ itoipg to strike soundings op the southeraedge of the bank off St. Petor's Islandfiknd m^JZ vr^V \^ *^ north-eastward in 5 fathomi. nntU about 3 i^withl^ tlie *i!f ?l^*L*'^*''*.*¥^," exoellent anohorage oif GoT^nor IsbnaTaSI whff»tt>e Wlad better wait for dayWght In dear wither, yom-eopnofoM^X^SSS of Pnm Beef, in 10 fathoms, wiU be N. \k,E. 4 E.. aWtfi^es. T^STSSS up. a pilot is indisnensable. ^ ^ ' ' ^ ^^^ 20 itl!f*^?! u ^V»t««» from Sl./0tei>li Iditnd to Gape Trnrone are N.W. i W. 20 miles. The shoal water extefadii^ off from the land iTrjonsiderable distant ail Sf£-nu *'a^ u^' '^^ ^"* ^^'^ •»"^» sufladent warning, and-in 5 faUioms - y^"»'^»'f AMlWfamUeotfth^outejedgo. TiySn Biver is situlted'about &* mUes 90 the eastward of Cape Traver^6, and smaU schooners enter it with the a88i$tanoe of tje Ude, which nwsW e to 8 feet The Tryon Shoals dry out U i^ offshore. s'b7w\'^^*»^'?*^''*'l^^m*^'* theirW.extreSimthnSoms.b2S ToLlr'tL s w'^*:*^^fu* "^ fi'tfn* Tijron Head, tho nearest part of thetthore. fn S!Si ! 1 ^* P"*"* ?'**^ shoals m 5 fathoms, at thedistance of a lo^hdf mUO. an exceUent leadimy-mark « Cur ton Hgad and Cape Traverse^^e^eariSg N Ji.W iJtiaJr ™/ °^ ?-^ ^ safely appitoaohed to any conyenientdei^h5i ftrthto ' «fi ^' y®' '^J^f *»?*? nwtoiroff tUn, imd cause variationB inthe strength and set fr„«®R^5^ *?* ^*^ '^'^^ °*^'* ^ negleeted when in their Tidnity? The ebb ZT^lll X!!^ frequonUy sets over tO^uds ihesa diods. so that a tesid standing ^t^?i^!J^ '^'t r «'»»\«>«tl>edy ^»d will often antihenwlf dropping to Ioewai4 T^f L*'?" much faster tl»n her usual amoj^t of leeway, would leiihJr to expe^. n,iS i!5T* fu ^"^^^ ^J^ CaM Traverse to Cai^atoq pea^ *re N.N.W. | WT 8 miles, and from thenoe to Sea Cow Hlad N.N.W. i W. 6 mbSriMf thdnheJlauds the shod water does not extend beyond 800 fathom^ ; but in the baysito 3-fathom edge IS liometimeB twice that $8ta^oe ^m tho ^hore ; and as thTline of Q fatbon^i is* sometimes quite, olese to it. the general rule fo? vessds at night »hould bb n but v3. Iho„wT*^^^*?'•?«• ^o*» i"* *«>"» 4to 7 H fathomg «Mer off tl» riier « it! held %«^r *I" ^u'^'7 ^""d, with only the distanoe of 8 mU JLittrh?*W^fei°'lr***"' *^« »-^**om Mne, wd i be too near the edge of the ahSI O^^Jlit"* ^l *"**"» *«>" » fi»«»oii. would The Peroival and Enmoi^TeM «« a«i. «* * v ap^aeh to them i. very diK^'on^e St 3^0 of*^S'lf°* ^"^ r^' «»« «»« sieSSEsrfroL-itijr^j/iS JfE^ontBay. MuesoU.r^iTor^^^^ Jn^iS^^±i^Zt;';JS^taJ,^^ V- good .neho^ge Smtrunsoffin a N.N.Wi direction mSL?r^nrte"'i**^*^^ The W^ th«e «e only a few feet waSTSn itotSji of'^d^Sl «^^h' "° •*"*, P»"" °f *» Sddret^eera^nSrJt^^ end in 4* ftthome is SJ miles from tS Iwd ^1! £*?•*''* '^"^ ^d ; its north . roundmg the Weet Poiit at night, or in fSJV w^h^^ . J*^ dangerous to ships Its outer edge, having 18 fathoms Xaetok^n^f 'J" *?« deepest water is ne» flertainty, the soundSgs should be faEnfr^mS.r^P"^ f ' ""^^^ ^ *^»id it with «^geof the bank in 9 or 10 fathoms w J w«r«S! ?"•? ^^ '"d by leeping off the Jifthe north-eastwi^ fiJlyaS^to 6 Stho^a^d ,°i*^? reef whioh%s off?rom 2^??sjrust2^^rii"^^^^^ piwed of red elay and sandstone J Th:?J!„~'»* ? »«>brokeit, and oWefly c^m- a considerable Wuce, sTthltSe Aui^7iaZ?!l^T^^'^'^^''^'^^V0^^ fatboms^wben running along thisjS ffK ^^ '^**"^!* ^"^^ '^ "". «^ i? pneraUv,exoeptin^J';ri^°^*Sf,?^«™ *o^^^^ island the anchor.^ shells. The entrances of the harboun^J^w iSjl '*°AP*^*'' "^ broken ^ iS! fJ""** «t7*ri»«» distances fSTthe shore tet^"*"?*"?^ *^* dangerous with the e»)eptioa of Bichmond Bay w,d C*^« Jf'^"';''*^^ ^^ fo' «n«»U "ssels, iafely run for in bad weather, and wfth^he!^-^'"'' •""* e^e" these could not be ers on their bars extend quit; «roS kite TJT*' *\ ^^'"^ ^'"•t*'^ »>"«*- of the island forms a^ U^nf^wi.'^"* *••»"•>• Thenorthem shore Mndar it«»««, j:«>..«Err:. . '•. *"** ™ wbich the set of the tiilM .nJ ^u- ..-" ' r" Of the island forms ajneat bav oiit'or^Ks;wk''""T^°f°"«'* Thenorthem shore jsndfjr U^enr difflou|SJSt&:^*£p''thJn*tSh?^^^^ ^-^ ^ befallof the XrZ Zffi?«S..*te35L?^' TW^^* *:?- ^es. Ti re-R i;c;' jCis'hyiS:t"^L^y^^ ^ ^ 11'??°' '^ S. by W. t W. 11 trance at low water, but it affonh rtStor ?J. « T^°'f°* ^ ^^J 3 «»et in iu en- , jffls^ PBINO& EDWABD'S ISLAND. '145 ailes; betireinija Is in from 4 to 7 A 5 fathoms saj- round, with only lom line, and at fi fathoms would Wolibaad'Brae 1 craft; and the the entrance of inoffaAillmile proach this side 8 oonspicuonsljr rood anchorage Od. The West ifcne parts of it rt of this trends )n the spit and outlet to the rd, and to keep outh direction ; rater near the art bears N.W, and i its north ^ Brons to ships water is near » avoid it with teepingoffthe . >td of it; near beayy sea, on five this point nins off from oms) without IS, sometimes S., Seniles, to chiefly eom- > of the points in 11 or 12 le anchorage 1. the bottom 1 and broken " th dangerous mall vessels, could not be nethebreak- irthem shore le heavy sea I, which 'fre- eatstrenjpOi w.tw.ii t in its en- ilorth Point ^ frequently - p« Kildart. Several very l^h Mod-hills. M miles to «he soothif aid of ita entraaoe, distiaignish . this bailor, as there are no high sand-hills to the northward of the harbour. The entnntiiis 180 fathoms wide, and there are two sand-bars, winh 10 feet on tiiem at |oir y>ter, upon which account it is abaolutaly naoeMary for a straagw to be pro- vided with a pilot It is high water here on the days ofnill and change of theme ^ at 5h. 40m; rise in ordinary spring-tides is 8 feet, and in neap-tides 9 feet ; but 1 is not n^ular, and IS feet over the bar at hi|^ water is all that ean b« ar ' reckoned upon on any particular day, unUas when strong easteriy winds raise water a foot or more in all the harbours on this coast At certain sesaons the ti are very irregular. The morning tides in summer are mudi higher than the ev( > '^r'.^?"''* sometimes disappear, leaving only oneway tide during the 84 hour BIGjlMOND Bi^is of great extent nmning in 10 nules to Uie 8.W., and/oon- tams seven islands dSd » nui&hcr of creeks and rivers,' some of which are nav%able for vessels of considerable burthen, and all of them by small craft and boats. fG&and Biver, where tiiere are fine setUements, can be ascended a distance of 7 or Xhere are also settiements at Port Hill, in the N.W. part of thd bay within Island, a settiement on Lennox Island, and large settlements at the head of t MALPaqoa Habboub, situated pn the eastern side of Bichmond Bay eup^or to any other on the nonly4> feet water, and the channel in is to the distance of two'thirds of a mile from the entn mile, at which distanoe there are 6 fathoms over'sand At 8 miles 8.R jE. from Caps !fayon is Caps The northern ik Island, is very i/tor a pilot and all I the bar in blowing our, an||iere q>rings irh watsr here on the 1 3 feet' N.E. winds f tides are the highest in ' straight and free from er thui 6 or 7 fathoms, , ^ J Tryon is a remarkable om the '«^,i*Oxep villa fflAl rbour is one^'iid of amile _.em extremity of a hiig ove.higb-watar mark. The bg sandtliar, over which there iarrow. The bar extends out tiee, tfii the shallow water one ^ bottom. the highest idiff on the island. bslng-Hfrfset , QBE AT BUSTIOO fiABBOUB.-^This harbouVhas two narrow sandy sntraness, 2V"l*!^"^*2f McAuslin IsUnd, whieh anjdistufl; 8 and 6 miles respectively to tiie 8.E. of Gape Turner. Very dangerous shifting bars of 4 to ibet «nd extending^ tbree^uarters of a mile from shore, render thu/plaoe only fit for small schooners. Two buoys, whose positions tte changed as ocoision requ&es, point cot the line of deepest watsroTsrsMipfth«ssbw& ^^ 146 • ■ ■ PttlNCffi; EDWABD1S iSliAKl) iHS^!^!^^^l?J^^^sa^^^ «0 feet high. , A d^alw^i ^^7" " »*«»i«P* Point, «nir] " M Klf » mUnj^witiS2^?2f * • »»««,f«>n» the alio, Mee «m the Mat tl&ot £ eate^^Si*^^"' -tod-hiul 60 ^MtStim •rs oraiiiiIg,to tN« OB0 foot of Wktei^'Oil Mmdy eatniioi [m Oape Tamer, tod . I — J " ""■"^UBTiBri or A adha8 0B]y2f«et - H?T??^4,*?I >** '•thoaie deep. ' " — »? barboor ia oaly fit for 8mall\««Iid fii. * ^" "¥ **°*y * fee* over jt si low wat^^h. wi«?1^^' 'o^»»t»reould hTJ^ied fa KSST^^.^t*'"'^*^^^^^ ^?^?^^?S^SS^ -aat i. tobrokiWttd foiled o^jyXftSl^ -"»•»• \be coaatis witbia oae mil. «f *!.- .u!!?.?°™«^?« ««»* ^ere fire in general 10 fat\omeSter of the coast; aad as the bottomW<5sand- ^i.t^^^^^^"^^'^''^^^^'-^^^' tide, ia tiH, Nei»haa,ter. J«?^'ffl" j^^^^ l«t*?en Cane Sretoa aad^. ^ose islands and the westim diore ofcSe B^^r™. "" V*'' ^"'i'Wfroni brtween •ntranoe of the Strait Boon afterRnVi^it^ "**? Js^^nd. arrives "at the, eastern w«»er later in suoce«dS^;rJS®?i*'"J^^?^P':^ houre. At tl,e sZTnoS ZlhTLli '" *? ^''**"'' ^hieh it rSSi f S taken to the northward and Ww'Sd'^'iir'*^*"^ by tho^Iong d ^eomparg^elyahaaow wS5^bMpti?;5a^ fy the g«ii-;.I^nr;f .^o. w. rb|» .wavA makes faiah ••««, iT.^^^ otobii^ui sabsequent prooress to thn «?«» «f New BjfnswIJ? M we Jj^ifd to*?h'."TS''" J? ^^ aloJgSTeiStJm %fr^'5**8.B:.Sat45'^Ti«uiirtK^ after *eniering^; . Thus^ jt 48 high water on the fufl a«d iTh^n^TS ■ «*!'"' °' «""t«*a wave. PointEscuminao and the North K?„te* "^^l** **'«*» ^« "hout 2* hoars, at ent«noe,^the Strait..sSn ,Sr 4hou«^ ^?,'* *'*^'^.I»'»^^^ tt?«2'"' *' S***^'" 9 h?uS?Ind at caie ^Al^^^^ pont of Prince ^wMd wSd' * S!^^'Vl«»riTe8 betwwn rIS Sd Juwi'^S »»r'^. When.thewfore. *tte preceding tide-wave arrires betwMn r«^« t °°f '"••nd". the western part of tiben »eet..and eombine to mSe hiTTJaSyat^^r*"*^"^ *"** ^'P* T«'«'"- They Mttle later in Ihe harbours, att o3thL « !!?''' '•"*^''"*'' n»"«ly, 10 liours. or a Jape tonrientine; «au8in7.S, to^oLT^ ^^t" °' *''« 8tr«itiW.S3^tJ douWe,«d^te ..ai. Of the^hSbo^TiK ilVi**"" *^- •«'y*here m^^ Th ' *"*^°« 9^ the Strait. ^ three times as great as that which ooours ny<^^dSZ?FoT"vl!lfi^'^^^^ N.E., running at thf rate of inumillllg hda alnn^^CaiL j > li : ' " " * **' I* ra ns wm ii / i r^.^;. i>--L -"i, ' ;?! "'° , ""nwliighJ^alo ngae Mto tte wZ w ar^? /^^^^ wandUape ifearrlnj^^ Ittd^and ran* at its extreme rateofsS!^i' " »*«»nR«t in the deep water nea> iS Beef. Losing stmngth^J ?r^ed.^.S»i?^PJ!f *J'{S.^'*^"^ fi««l« •«»*» Biflem« When Jt meet, the o»Kr flo«3i^^ -^Se it^i'^.^'f v !* [» q«iW • weak sS .B not so strong long the 'oSZ^Zt^yC^^^S^^^^^rn^^^ oraiiiiIg,to tM foot of w»trt^"oreo.ftethigh, »eftTy' galea, «Qd ^Mt on ib The » of buoih» and the harbour 'is 8 dbasoidysfeet andisof eeniel- iwith a depth in * low water, the Mnsyisdietuit rlUoh this depth It is Ugh >• A springs Hse he eoast is • fatLomf water itomV^ofsand- eNor^dmiierr rtonandjg^w the Magdalen r from between »t tb& easteim I, making high reaches at IjD western wave r wbieh it bas [reat extent of •regress to the ig the' eastern entering the wave. H hoars; at ; the western, dwaid Island en, therefore, stem part of eerse. They ^Ours, or a BniPiotonto encore than rhieb ooours t th^ rate of r » )rar I P th a ..-^ tndwithau ter near the id Bifleman eak stream lood stream iaCttiboa '^BINCE EDWABD'S ilBLANDi/r;i 11X^0 K^ 1417 iuAtot • short spaoe near Caribou Beef; and it is Weak, not gonenlly n^eeding fa knot; in the middle of the strait. ■■■■'\ ■ Tha-other or western flood stream oomes from the northward, along the west ooast F il^iaoe Edward Island, sweeping round the West Point, and runmnff strongMt in /the deep i^ater nOur the West Beef, where iu rate is lU knots. Orar towarda the f New Brunswick shore its rats seldom exceeds lj| knots, andlthis is its aTscage lata as it pursues its course to the S.E.,< until we arriVe near Gape Tormentide, KfhMia the strongest part of the stream runs near the Jourimain Shoals, and thence to the south- ward round and over the dangerous Tormenting Beefs with a great ripple, and at thO rate of Svknots. ,^ 4 ^ From ibis account of the tidal-streams it appears that a fast-sailing vessel, under faT0urable\drcum8tanceB, might enter the stniifr with the flood, and, arriTlng at Gape' Tormentinesoon after hi^h water, might there take the ebb, and thus have the stream with her, with but slight inteijTMjttion,. from, one eiid^pf ih|B Strait to ^e other. Qr, a . vessel beating with the flood, might so time her arrival at the same point, as to be able to cohtinue There, if the vessel be bound farther to the eastward^ tha shore of Pkince Edward Island should be preferred, the soundings on tiiat side being quite snffleient to guide ,the vessel past Carleton Head, Gape Traverse, and more particulirly the Tryoh fihoals,- if'theirreg^av tides off the latter, and the frequent set of the ebb stream towards thSsm, be remembered. The tides, however, in this narrowpart of the Strait, are not very strong along the Prince Edward Island shqre, off which the anchorage is good, infthe event of the wind failing; whilst on die opposits shore therajs'aeep watM>» andTeiy strong tides close to the Jouriqudn and Tormentme Bee&v^ If the wind be adverse, or scant from the southward^ mth the ebb tide nmndng, a stranger had better not attempt this narrow passage at night, or whoi the land oaanot be seen. Under such circumstances, it is recommended to anchor to the westward of Gape Tormentine, till daylif^t or a change of tide renders it'less hazttrdous to proceed. Vessels bound to ports in the eastern ilivision of the Strait, enter the Qiuf either \ through the Out of Ganso or by the JfHaxii of St. Paul. In the first oase, tiio bearing of the li|[ht at the northern entrance of the Out will guide them up to Gape George, from which, if bound to Pictou, there will be no difficulty in running along the land to the westward, if due attention be paid to the souiMinge, and jinsrwaras to the bearing of Pictou light If the weather be thick, or the light not seen, beware of ?tho reef off the east end of Pictou Island, which should not then* be approached kr^arer than the depth of 10 fathoms, especially if the flood-tide be running. •" . Vessels approachinff frou, Am«t IslADd itiy indioatod by 1 rofereuoe to the «afetj;And»Uo ta jriU nmj be TO THE SAGUENAT. U9i \ ' <■ ::■:$,■ / ■ # . ■- '*' SAGUENAY, Eiver Mouic, ly approaohed, lore. Between near approach dcks are steep- N., and long. Jreases to halt' between high ally- A bur, the entrance, r. spring-tide ; rhich cause a to which you the entrance B sea at high «gpie Point, aed with off- •gues in the Wj»ntrance. luthe shore, rhioh a long tving within uid at times ized by the t within the entered in 8 a bank of sh abound: ', affording .well as off and under er, and 8A coast It clay cliffs, 1 _^ -westward >ne of the nuiif nignUleent wa,terfana in tower Canada, wbieh falls 118 ftet pevpendieolalrly in otta|anbroken sheet of water. In fine weather,- and with off-shore winds, good an- , eborage may be procured off the river in 15 fatboms, with the entrance bearing N.£. tE.; Jbut small Tessels may anchor farther in-shore. A small rooky shoal Hes W. y N., 2^ miles, from t.be entrance of the river, about three-quarturs of a mile ttpm the land. , About lOf miles from Manitou River is Bason River, having a spit of larg« stones running put about 150 fathoms from its east point of entrance. It is only fit for boats, and there are rapids within a short distance of the entrance. At If miles from this river iS/Ca^e Cormorant, 5f miles from which is Blaskowitz Point, having between some islets joined to the shore at low water, off which at about a mile from the shore is the Cormorant Beef, having 13 feet on it: this reef bears W. | N., 2^ miles, from Cape Cormorant, and lies with Points Blaskowitz and St Charles in one, W.N.W. nearly, so that vessels' on approaching should ke^p the latter, point open. The coast to Cape St Charles is lined with rocks, and must have « good berth given , toit . o «» Point St Charles forms the eas&m point of Moisio Bay, and has a dangerooa reef running off it, some of the rocks of which are above ^ater, but the outermost patches are always covered; these latter lie S.S.W., tbree-quafters of a mile, from the point This reef is so steep that there is no warning by the lead and .very littfe by tVe^ep-sea lead. Vessele'beating here should guard againist gating becalmed to ' the westward qt this reef, lest the heavy S.W; swell shoidd earry thnn towards the -> ^ reef, for the water is too deep to anchor until dose to the breakers. Moisio Bay is about 11 miles in extent vith a dep^ of 50 or 60 fathoms between , Point St Charles the eastern point and Point Moisio the western point Trout River is nearly in the centre of the bay. The eastern shores of this bay are nelq ; bnt the western shofe, from Trout River to Moisic River, is a bold sandy beach. Shelter for small boats is afforded in Seal llouse Cove on the eastern side of &• bay. At Point Moisic is the Moisic River, which, although larger than the Biver St J'ohn,iB«o much obstructed by sand-bars that boats cannot ascend at low water. From the eastern point of entrance a bar runs hulf a mile and dries at haKtide, dose to which are 40 fathoms of water. A bank runs off, in a westerly direcUon, 8f miles, from SfOisic Point, and forms a large triangular shoal, of from 1 to 8 faUioms, having near, its S.W. extremity the Moisio Rock, of only feet, whioh lies If miles from the ^re, and is v^q^lfiogeroua, being as bold as a wall on the south and S.W. sides, and can generally be seen in flAe weather, from the change in the colour of the prater. When aTessel is standing towards this rock, she should tack when the north idde of Manowin Island comes on with the south side of Great Boule Island, bearing W.N.W. I W., as then «he will be a mile from the edge of the shoal. At 9 miles. N.W. by W., fhnn the MoisicRock is Sandy Point, having Boole Bay between, into which vessels should not venture, on aeeount of its czpoemMi to the Bontherly swell. Near th« centre of the bay are the East Bodts, alwayi abova water, low, and hue of trees. mwmam xmukMUh max.— Off the entrance of the bay, are the islaada, giving the name to the bay, whioh are high, steep, imd thinly wooded, and may "be seen 7 or 8 leagues off. The two easternmost idands are named the Great and lattle Boule, and are separated by a narrow ehannd, which is eonndered to be ^nnh^ on aoeount of the baffling winds and strong tidesk Westward of these and pulallel to them aie the Basque Islands). and to the south-westward of these are-Manowin and Oaronsd Idands. Thus there are altogether six idands^ and tiiey are all of oondderable hdght; the seventh island, so oaUed, is the pwinmila forming thowMtsni part of the bay, which, at some distance, appears like an idand, and is estimated to ha about 730 feet high, ^etween Maaowin and the peninsula are the West Boflfcs, which are BmaMandlow. „ , , „ , - '. . Seven URnarBl^s 8f miles wide. A floe broad, beJaTsanc^rBeaob extndalSF three miles northward firom the east point of the bay to th^ entrance of the prindpal river, near which stands the Hudson Bav Company's trading post Ton manot see these houses from the outer parts of thfi bay; but there is a wooAMr^store on the beach, off which vessds nsudly anchor. This fine bav is suffidenfly extebdve for the largest fleets to lie in perfeet safety, and so nearly land-loolfld ■• to memUo 150 [ NORTHERN SHORE. PROM THE R] ST. JOHN ui«l. on MoouLtTa rock T iJ^nS^ wS ?^°*°^ •*"* ^••"i«« I-Uojis w3EP . also rans off to tho «JM^ard of ?h«^Vr "'' " ""'^ ""'"^'l »t high tide.; ilB ManoVfe on the west, and thft BMaue IbW» nl^K ""*• ''•'**««° Carouwl and . Book. Md Pdnt GhaM6 on the Vnffia. on to ur?„rt k T =• ?°" ^''^^ *»>• WmJ bjrtU, to ay^d a ntf that runa offS fihom^^ tk*"""^'**""* ^^^^ '"«« •good . « ch*»«,l into the bar J. Jf orth. by Z,pZ "" ^*** ^"^ ^^^8^ *»»« n,i5X ay^^Z^jt^S oTa^S^Se'^K'^n^'^'^l^^ T' •• -~ ^- ^- off which then are two orthree rS.Ttki S^JT ° r °* CroU and the West Book" — 2?!",^*^ r *"»*^ t»w» root by Pdnt oJ.^ if^u'* *•* P"?'"^' ^heebb- No leiidin9«iarks are nedesMur^ for irim*i- k • • "• **'**^ "*»»* be attended to Wh in ever,part.y377n A^b^^wiYhS ^^'Tk' \^,'*'» «' ^ «^J~' Witb.BiBoant wind front the north-westwaZi tw.^? ^' f? '''*'' ***« ^•"•fif*"* of shipg. Ohwnd, a.,it wiU .are a gwd-SiTrf Win J ?„t'?K * u*' P^^^Weto the llidL UiiS.Bay 2^'SnVpoTnt iSS^tr*^^ '?i"«» *»P *« "• »* anchor in Seven with PamJoi^ >ugh the middle aleo free from the West Books, th to the oorth- niug. The ebb- be attended to. rth ofjl oables' largest of ships, e.to the Middle round is not fit Dehor in Seven u>diaone.and V. extremity of fE.JE.:the mile from the I the i|-iathoni ar Tesi«^ may a Tessd ought rong southerly prevent boato >r in the S.W. perfectly luid- •dtoBiindin 98 to ^4>int de oountiy. The -sea lead, puret's Biv^,' r'smouthisa erfallg,is:of ih is hold-to. ning is given Saweejl^i^cl, a-lhore.''l)ut oondings off ds are high; I bay, in the island, with right; in, and * ■ate,, and too idetf Great le ntontti of Muurthsi^ ^^between When yon bay,,whioh low water. r»fi!uMioiQ9 mmi'Ve'^^Sm TO THE SAOUBMAY^ . ]-^mj i 'If m , . »tM for-tkU ane1i«rag$/rt9t|^j|HPI hnd soutih>«ast "i^^ About Smilea S.£L^.,jf»3ia the j^pt is Egg labuiMiUSig between thamthe NXvReef and NertH Bockfc ^'iSag IslMld^^ia low, narrov^. without (reea, andj(b«at three-quarters of i» mile long,J|^» ^N.E.|E. direction, llie North Books. ali%ai abore water, lte44«bles' length:llE. direction; the northern end is three-quarters of a mile froqi the main Iuid»~and the , sonthem.nearly a mile. Within, and westwud^f this breakwater, is good anchorage ; but it is very m^«b narrowed by 4ats running o^ from the main, which, ^ppoeite to the north end of -Egg Island, dimini^ the width of the channel to 370 fiuboms. The bestranehorage is to the S.W. of this narrow tuurt, in.9 fathoms, sand. As tite water is deep towardsibe island and reefs, a ship should have a good scope of cable with a westerly wind', lest the «i9Pbor should atart, and you drive on the rocks before a second anchor can be let go ; with easteitly winds you dmg up bi|||||d there, is not much danger of ti»e, am*or starting. th^Jnist anphorage, »«■»• J-W, ««»d «f Egg Islaud baaiJng S.E. J|>y,S., andftba iamec eide.Qf ttiQ North JSdpi KX, in wh^th posi- tion you will lie shelteited iRrom all winds except those between S JS. round by south to. S.Wn and. even with, .0iemt a vessel mqr fiiM shelter by «banging her. berth more to the sfstward, in 7 iMhMBs, sandy bottom. * Theraianothiugiii the way when enterii»9 this anchorigs firom tb» sou^ward and westwaiid, the S,W. rad of Sm Island being bold. If you, lotfind running through between the iBl4m4,^ibe mtm, stai^d to the noirOiward ViPtOi: 9 (iOhomj^ or untii Englif b Point is qpienbalf a point ;to, the noi;tbww4 of thi^lS^ Bock^;t|hen steer foe Englifb Point, giyuBS the ipner aide of the North Bo^ka « berth nf a ea^^a length, until !<>« have pai^ jOteiii, onortbif^ of «>nule ; you will ibMi be in 7 fathoms, taAaukj baul out to sea, not gping to 4^i| .Mwthwsfd of S.£. by £. till chpr l>f the , NJS, i«ef. tou may run through tbi» m. the eMjtwiiird, li>y iciveising i^ , daectiona. . /.>.....;.-..,.,!., .... ■ ,-. ,..m ,..:/*« Frtnn ^noe to ^southward, for tiu^ t^istaa^oe frf;«bouiimile, th9 sbora jsbwdfiied by reefs of. hiige stonea having IS'&tbodul off tbenoL^ Ihe di^tanoa of; balfa mile ,1» m- ward, to ti^e S.Wk,rf ^!mm^,m ^ Mi'^«y Bjiy, % COJtet is {mftqv^AangJi; a«d|!»«^j»M»,*^:#d,'^^^ S. ^mit, a BiiiiaQ idwj pei^- i J»«V KOBTHBim 8H0BB. FROM THE BVEB St! ^OW MA _ FOou .nd off*;,riWftSo«rn,* 't" ""'^t ^^"•"^rtwirto^ u.e point. 400 f.t. ' JOHN N>at8flBddMlter,i 'oiiit,andaflbRl8 ?pint de Monte, 'wd is from the ' Jore HmSktto bich dfrie* to the of a mile to the »lient water falls "westward of the irer either shore thoms, with the »ay anchor in 3 go vessels may ighthonsenpon leagues off. A louse and S.E. B, and there is iouse. A third ease at nearly ry; 16 fathoms e seeii, should I Trinity Bay. I N. : when it ro, which is a ' About half ' miles before rhe entrance • spring-tides ve a channel andaroided the harbour hich is bold, 100 fathoma, - ■ out's month l-width^but P»J>are^r^> >en steer so « on the p9it m the shore !>e met with Kdaline *i loses Bd the bar, lie channel her up the rfmtherin TO THE SAGUENAY. 158 BdtaT To l«nd-wfad n westOTy ) entranoe': KTonimble whmtbe iboalf are eo'rered, there is generally some sea outside the narrow entrance ; ab aeoi- d^ at such a time might be attended with serious consequences, and therefore it is ouhr in Tory fine weather that the entrance should be attempted with a S.E. wind. Aorth-wMt winds blow right out of the harbour, and often with great Tiolence. A W.S.W. wind is the safest for running in, for the entrance and bay outside are then quite smooth, the sea being turned off.by Gape 8t .Nicholas ; but tbu wind.wiU seldom take a vessel completely in, it will usually onhr enable her to shoot so far witmn Cross Point that a line may be sent afiiore, or a kenge ahesd, for the purpose of warping in the remainder of the way, which jnay beq^ie^ly don%if due preparation has been made . befbreband. The entrance sh^wd be amn^j^tod in the last quarter flood, then if the vessel touches the ground Ae MU'.receive no ^mage, and there will be time ,for her to warp in before the tid^b^ns/tb fell. ^ It is high water, F.'aqd^., at lb. 65m.^ spring-tides rise 12 feet,|pap-tides 7 feet Water can be easily obtainedon the ei^stlrn jside of the harbour, or at the head of the harbour at high water. * v At the distance of 18) miles^ W. ^N., from Cape St Nicholas is Point St Giles, which is high and rocky. Between these two points are St Fancras Cove and English Bay, of no use to shippaig. About 5 miles to the south-westward of Point St Oiles is Manicouagon f o||t, which is low and thickly wooded, with a bfoad sandy beach like the rest of the coast westward to Outard Bay. „., Between Pointa St Oiles and Idanicouagon is Manicouagon Bay, which is dry at low water, with the'exception of 1^ narrow channels leading to the river. The bay is too dangerous a place to be of muoh use to shipping. /^ Off Manicouagon Point a sandy shoal extends, having many boulders on itseastem and southern parts ; the easternmost point of this extensive and dangerous shoal lies E.S.E., ft\ miles, from St. Giles Point ud E. by N., 5i miles front the N.E. part of Manicouagon Point From the south point of the shou it continues to the westward, cmrving with the land past Outard Point fully 10 miles, and extending from the diore frpn 2 fo 2) miles. Near to Outard Point are all sand and clay c\im. IThe tide of flcwd and ebb seta all along the edges of this shoal, but it is fiot perceptible more than 5 or ft miles off shore. Great ripplings are firequently met with without the edges of this shoal, particularly off ito south point From Manicouagon Point the ooast runs 11 miles to Outard Point, on the north side of which is' the river, which is useless for vessels. From Outard Point to Bersimis Point the distance is 9 miles; between them the coast forms a bay, having three rocky islands in it which appear as two from seaward. In the western side of this bay there is Kbbhorage in 14 fathoms, mud, with Bersimis Point bearing 8.W. bv 8., 3f miles ; but in running for it oautibn is required to avoid the bar of Betsimis Biver. Here you will be exposed to easterly winds. Bersimis Biver, in the western part pf Outard Bay, has sands and shoals extending 1|- miles outside the entrance, which dry at low wat^r and render the place useless to shipping. Immediately outside these shoals the water suddenly deepens to 00 fathoms witniu a mile or two. Bersimis Point is low and covered with spruce-trees, and as the lead affi>rds no warning it is veiy dangerous to approach it either at ni^t or in foggy weather. From Bersimis Point the coast rubs 5| miles W. f N. to Jeremy Island, which is small and lies dose to the shore. From thence it run« miles S. W. by W. f W., to Cane Oolombier, which is rooky, with a small islet close to ito WestCTO shore. About If mites from off this cape lies the Gnlnare Shoal, a narrow ridge of granite rock, nearly 2 miles long, running parallel to the shore, w^h 3 to 8 fathoma over it at low water ; it is very oingerous, as there are 28 fathoms dose to ito S.W. end, and also along ite southern shore. Between it and the shore are 4 to fathoms. IVildfowl Beef lies 4 miles S.W. by W. | W. fh>m Gape Oolombier ; it oonaists of a laige bed of rocks, ex- J»nding thitt»4t»rtmn i of > Jillftftnm. th e ihont... Y MM la tharefore shonld ba a a raftii^ when standing intowards thii j[>art of the coast, 80 ftahoms beinj; quite near enough. BetweenGape Oolombier ana the Wildfowl Beef the coast benu inwards Ind forma a shallow bay full of rooks named Plongeur Bay, Bnd-4 miles hence to the westward is the Baia de Laval, having a rockv island at ito entrance, within wbieh it dries at low water. Vessels may safely stand in towards It as the soundings decrease gradually from 10 fkthoma i^the distanoe oti\ milaa from the shore. Off the elay elira to U19 S.W. of the bay tolre is good anchorage in or T fitthoMs, elay bottom. 154 raoM TOT mm ax torn to the saodenay beiii'J'SS^V wTw*fSf t??*'"?,'' *•» '«i ^•%'ia the church at Port N«nf ' opposite Bide. tTriiilSteT bothlK« £!S°/^ ^^J"^"" then, anthebayaxJ to Ni"*ft**^f?'"'* •■»* mud bottoiXirthshSom s°w il^**** °»*y »« Ob! I^„?K®-.,''^ ?•:*»"» '»»* south extremit7ofPoin?\SS^ ^u^* '^ ^' "und by north north side of the pine-iwep on thrStta of pJJ?K7?*'t'' ?'' '>»•» t^* »"«' or dwtanoe of 8 or 8 niilea from the point SthlZ^ S*"^' ^*'"^ ^.E. i E.. at the Th^r, u not much tide, and t^^oCd^^^'^'^ *»f » »ile from Vshois' 4 A-TmXt^'nrirrsu^i.^^^^^^^ ^ ^^ i«g. .oc*. which wilM.Iatet8,ieS.W^W,t7eirrff iaSi£^ i n*medZiJoli Enqumnme Isjeta to. WeX«eSn a diitlce ^f'?«^^^ «>"t''-we8tward. frmtht ' 8iwra«ii.iU7. .It. flood dinoM^SSKi™.''' "J" '"«»<»" of tli«^^«;? below Beigoron. md U>. cloi»tto auiSS^f »«»■»"«. off th. i>oilh K ffiSSS /^, ^'" ' '»•'* i" ■I'SSSd.? '^'^ " '^"H to a luwl.; i„ri •i>wj i5«iTO»diM.lrrtSoiu2Kod6K*;i2^'^''°.«'^»«^j"S^ jn^^tp^ off w«^rrA"SlJ?sfi'-,Ji'2&4'^ f-Jgjra^gWKm^i^enayliee uH^ Sr?# ^^'S'-f?'* » oompos«i of lowoT^diii li«« i;.N^., % mile from the pofnt From LwJ'S?" ^wf -t^^iS?" "*"5*°« *>*^ fron» ?otot MUtovShML « fgcih. ««■«- d^h ,f a, i»Ki* toMijTSS'fil!", <»• s«->^S^ " SOUTHERN SHOfeE FROM CAPE GASP1& TO BIO ISLAND. 156 pMl of the Hudaon Bay Oompany, which is' 65 miles aboTeits moMth, itlKtoQiaes i)ftt%able, aud 6 miles above which, to the rapids, the tide asceods. To Point Roches, 57 miles from the St. Lawrence, and 8 miles below Cbicoutimi, it is navigable fmr the largest ships; and- up to this part there is no danger in the river, the shores oonsiatingof steep pr^ipioes, some of tfe headlands rising more than 1000 feet.in height. *•'• ■■'■-' : The current runs dowttwith g^eat force, the ebb-tide varying from 3 to '5 knots, according to the breadth of the river, which is from two-thirds of a mile to 2 miles. At the tnouth of ihe river, Uiis ebb-tide runs %t tiie rato of 7 knots over Lark Islet Spit, and the S.W. extreme of Point Mille Vfwhes. % Tadousao, which is in the entrance of the river, was formerly the pnihoipal post of the French, for trading with tiie Ii^iana. It has deolinedjNnd now belongs to the Hudsoa Bay Qompany. ^ The harbour is off the setUemeut, a mile within Point Mille Yaohes, and is well sheltered; but a heavy anchor should 4le cast dose iu-shore, on account of the eddies which sometimes set into it from the river. ' Across the mouth of the river there are 12, 20,%)Bd 28 fathoms, but immediately within, the depth increases to above 100, and a little farther up to 150 fathoms. The current setting stropgly over this bar, meeting with tlk spring ebhs of the St Lawrence, cause breaking and whirling eddies and rij^plings; and these streams opposed to a^eavy easterly gale, cause an exceedingly high, .cross, and breaking 'sea, in which no hoat could live. On th^ flood at such times, there is no more sea than.in other parts of the river. ^ i* To enter the Saguenay, have the beginning of the flood, and sufficient daylight to reach Tadousac. Winds from the S.W., southward to N.E., will take vessels into the river with the flood, but the N.E. U: most to btf depended on ; but whether you approach from the S.W. or N.E., bniifg the western pointe of the Brandy Pota and White Island in one, and open to tho qM|)hward of Hare Island, bearing S.S.W. \ W. Bun upon this mark (and it will lead you well dear of Point Mille Yaches Patehes and Lark Beefs, off the mouth of Jhe river,) imtil La Boule Point comes in one with Point Hot, bearing N,W. by W. i/v •» which will clear the S.W, aide of Point MilW Yaohes Beef; Point Hot being thj^|iither low NW. point of the Harbour of !tadousao, «nd La Boule a high andyKtuhd-baeked hill, forming a steep headland, 4 miles above Tadousao, and the extreme point aten on. the same side of the river. " On Bar Beef, 2i miles E. \ S. of Lark Point, r chequered buoy is or was placed ; to be left on the port hai^d ^en entering the Saguenay. ' Haul in upon the last-named leading mark, keeping th^ S.W. extreme of La Boule just open, which will clear all dangers ; and when as far in as Point Bouge, bear towards the trading post, into the harbour, dropping youriouter anchor in 16 fathoms, and the inner one dose to, or within, low water .actiuEk. ^16 80UTHEBN SHOBE FEOM OjUpE GABPil T^iBIO ISLANDS > Thk coast between Cape Oaap6 and Gape GhatA is high and bold, free flrom danger, and destitute of harbours; hut although tre6 flrom danger, it must, nevertfieless, be guarded against in dark foggy nighte,iiiioe the water is evgvwhere too deep to afford sufficient warning by the lead for the safetjr of vessels, xhe shore along Ito «hde extent, excepting in some of the bays, is of highly inclined slate and greywackejWMS, which would out tiirough a vessels bottom in aTeiryehort time; and suimisthe impracticable nature of the country, that those who might escape to shore would' run great risk of perishing fiwm want Mtote they eoul4 f w)h a settlemen t. ir€hqier5o extending from it about one-third of a vile : ih the bay to the southward of it there is also a reef extending b$it a mile from the shore. Undet Gape Bozier there is eheWfrom N.W. winds, bi)t it is n*t considered desbrable Anchorage. , About 7 miles to the north-f estwaird of Giqgie Bosier are Griffin Biver and C&t^, affordipg shelter for boats, and 5 miles farther is the Great Fox Biver, off each point ^ the entrance to which Are reefa sheltering the anchorage. B4r& vesMl* may aoduAr ' ..»« ■K ISO ni' '» SOUfHEiiN SHORE T^'iJf *"*'**• "'^" "**"■' ^o°d. « small cruek afforaing ;J«° »»>«.«* w smooth and th/w2w fine In IZt^^'' f ™ """""i to run in > weather m 7 fathoms, sand. irraiS In? h^nvl^ if n*^ ^"*~'« "H*^ ""ohor in fine tH^'M.'il^'^^^fr-'^thesVSrbe'aSw^^^^^^^^ ^«»»°«' o^ th^! ,„^„ r'^i-tZ7lPnLTort%'iX1l^.% "^h BaroTMont Louis; in whicK inr.- ^^f *''® *"^j' " the river, bufta it h^njJTw .;^' ^^ ""t** *° ^^-E. At CAPE ST *^ ""^^ ^'"**"* "• *" *• ■* ^'*'' •**•'' S6 mile8.,and ft^t«f ^of mS^rate tiSL^? ^f-^'*?* «*' Ann the'distaaee is oape, aro'the mountains of St AiSS?«k * *'"*'' ''''^- ^"'""d. and beyond the l^Jyape -nd contiLe ii-fh.t'jSoTlTr,*Jr*^^*'^r ~^^^^^ altitude, and may tie seen 60 or 90 milM f,^ «1«?» ^.u*"*"*?' ^*'«y a™ of great . " Jf^'^'tJ^ Cape' Ch«tte..«nd i esSiS t^ t 8 9«*£f/ \**'* '"W"* V^A 11^14 U/rlf*" *••*, '•'«•'«''» '•«» British America ^'®*® '^' '^'« *« "» J thew hills wh^^^'l'S.rramTir™^^^^^^ «* 'o-^esE.N.E.froh.C.neChatt^ at the entrauce, and .^ord very litt^Mlm»!J:!? "V" ^ape Chatte are both barred " becomes almost dry at low water *«.««♦ «S-. »t high water. Cape Chatte Biver '''"SLn^iZS^H'^^i^^^^^^^^ '" '"* -/occasioJlgZ sWter^KcSiS^^ iTSr; ^K*"»P"t°ft»'«°oast^^^^^^ nothing but wood^Tnd iKtTeV,?;aiit;i- J««P«°«^e7fi«tfrom 15 fathomsTw m* ch S Zf fi*" m *^2!f *» *''«™' The water th^Ks^M;.^^^;^^^-^ easterlv winds make them flo7muoh JSiZrfXL* '""^ 8?«'uch sothatstrJnf 1 , "*TS[ M***** w smaU and with * nSn^vT-^f^^ ' °«"Pt'<'«s * ^et. ' vessels. When abreastof the ri^r anH ^I entrance. anionly ayailable for small Si^Z "/l"'""?" "^ •nt«'in». you Bh3never^ttem„fu*" ^u **"' "^*'« »' the w %hi/U, and there is seldom more tb** AflS* fJ i """Pt ** without a pilot as tho •prifig-tides. Outside the bi there is aJ/w.l'r^'l^I' "^ " *» hV^tor ' shore, or a little farther out. in 10 fShom! S?/**^' *°.* f«thoms; at half a mH? off "Ipifoi*" d"* "^*' ''"''"«*• -^^^ *"** "'*^' ^ ^'"y "?'i tif are witii difficulty to l^^iLnShed^jSn^J^J?^ the westward of tC river and ^ ^ . \ V ",: f "•» oiBtaQt 14 or 1$ T^*; ^ auohor in fine ance of three- W.N.W.; hert ouis, in whicK , nearer the west* toE.S.E. At at^high water, the distanee is id beyond the >nth-we8tward ' are of great It peak lies I4 a; these hills jCapeChatte. >e it necessity ejtmth barred " yh the former ChatteBiver casionally be appears like : it- It is the nee. HiBnco ng: between >ne is attain- t wood and the depth of 18 water you The water oa Witt have ound at 100 the tides in that strong lie westerly le for small it, you will side of the )ilot,a8tbe . igh water, a mite off rapid tide t diBtnftti.^ u will see river, and on which U or 15 FBOIft GAPE GASpE TO BIO ISLAND. V \\m^ leagues r this mottataia I4>pears to the northward of all the land then in mght,m^9 form of a circular ishftocl. " ^ f.«<^ l^totn Matan to little Metis Bay the distance is 22 miles along a low, roc^y, woodecL^ shore. The ht^ is' fltttall and divided into two rocky ooyes, dry at low w4tw> intS tlie^ sottthem' of wbicb a stream falls. Metis Point, the outer point of t^r-bay-,'¥as severd Ijiuildings on tt, and a reef run«firom it to, the eastward, wnioh adffc^ sheltier to small vessels from the N.W. winds. This reef partly dries at low water, andlmiky be piusedby the lead in a depth of 4 fathom's. ,. ' -, Grand M«ti» is separated from Little Metis by Metis Point In the vestem ptirtkff the bay i|i |^e river, whio^ is of but little use tb ships, as the bay nearly dries itjbw lis may anchor there with 3.W. win^ in 3 nthom^icww ds they will have no shelter. Notwithstanding, vessels lie lontbs, to load timber; they generally moor with the riveir miles, in 6 fathoms at low water, bottom hiud. A vessel ny where off the bay, in 6 to 12 fathoms, bottoW good, under wptgb. Qrand Metis has risen into notice from the saw-mills erected on alfall about 3 miles up, where qui^ltitle8 of fine spruce deals are cut V 1 ' » Cook Ck>ve, 14 miles to tne westward of Metis Point, afford8^.^ood anohorage in 3 fathoms at low water, withlshelter from the winds along the coast; from it Mount Gamille bears S.£. by 8., distant 8 miles. Frqih hence to Father Point the distance iS'4|miles^ here pilots viay be obtained. - " jfc -About 8 miles W. by S. from Father 'Point is Bamaby Island, aiV between them is the road of Bimousky, where vessels anchor during the summer, to take in cargoes of lumber. The best berth is considered to be with^6 easteriupoiqt of the island ' bearing W. by K., BimbuskV Church S.S.W. ^ W., and Father Point £ if .£.: the depth \^ill then be 4 fathoms, at low water spring-tides, over mud bottom. Small — >„i. .....1 — A._*u»_ »i jjjg westward, in 8 fathoms at low water, with the east n point of Barnaby Island, bearing N.W. by W., and "Water; however, small V( water, but with westerly here during the summer bearing S.S.W., distant 1 mav occa3ionaIly. i^cKr and sufficient room to gel vessels may anchor farther end of the rock% off the easi distant a quarter of a mile, Off the eastern end of Bai aby Island a reef extends aboat one-quarter of a mije, which may be passed in 4 fathoms. Barnaby Island is about 3 miles long, low, and wooded. There is a channel between it and the shore, which dries at low water, and should not be attempted even ai high water by vessels drawing more than 8 feet At the back of the island, on the main, are the Church and Village of Bimousky. Off the outside of Biarnaby Islond^here is a 8-fathom shoal eztendijig out } of a mile, and the reef off its western end runs out in a W.S.W. direction morf than three- quarters of a mile. Between thelwestem end of Bamaby Island and the mainland there is a large, high, and bare roAk, which is distant from the island about two-thirds of a mile. Midway between the v^estern points of the island and the bare rock, bear- ing north and south from each otqer, there are two fathoms at low water, jaajB amaby ~ ' gopJ anchorage to sniall vessels, in all wBg esterly flt^lhe jeastem end of .the rock, will UMNiver the jNmiiby, and into this antehorage. A Island the eastern end of Biquette leikai bears W. by S. 1^ 13^ miles. Cape Arignole ind the east Bqad, over mud bottom, affording winds. Bimousky Ch^ch in one tail of, the reef off the west end of From trie eaat' end of Barnajby West Hj^ milesjand Cai)e Arignor end of Bio Island lie due niH-tlii a^ island, bearing N.W., and the e^ the distance from south or each other'; and the west end of the end of the : the* rbich extends t^.E.from the island, about 2i N.N.E miles. Between Banlaby an^ Bia.Isyand are the.Biver Qttev and Old'^PS Har)>our; the former bears 8.W. from Bie^^l|(y,4i8tant about 6 mileii^d is of little use to shinpiu'g except to water at ; the latter la^still further to the westward, about 3 miles, and isU very good place for small vessels to liesheltered from westerly winds. This harbour has two » u n a i d aa dft^iHhe-* t the enuauce 1 / y- ;-..A A . in width : the inchorage is|nidway betweisn the westernmost island ind the west side Of the harbour in 3 fathomtt at low water, tlie west point bearing West, distant one- third of a mile. When coming from the ^iW. for this anchorage, keep the' westerd- most of the two islands its own breadth opi^n to the eastward of the west point ofnie liarbour, wt it wiU lead zoudMurof the easterp rock of the Cape Arignole JEleet which / ^tr r*> - WTflEBN SHOKtJ in VY^^tta Bio Island iaCape Ari runjo^t E. by « one mile. ^- most of which ia always abovi • tie S.B. rtaf of Bio, and E nol6,- 4>tS it is distant Ally a cape ; this rook is a qi|itor oi > small, odvered at hiafi tides, an fu ^ *»? /wy told|p the north™ „ •""• ,;%•"'•» maypass. betWe^ , van seldoin have occasion to t^y ^Mef, ^en goinjf^n and out h{ njdwi yp. part^pf the harbour weU rpeilal : «» tH« -»- -^'^^' --8|j^^6ie%pa*a B.y^ ^tholiswith easterly winds. A famUy resides here, who ocoadon >le, on the east side of whic insists of two rooks, the westei Iter, and bears South ^f miles, '., li mUe, from the N.W. ex( ;ter of ,a mile from the lacks off ^e long and ^erydgrow. »*>-third oCjft milp easliom there tt -,-,.„ two Iter betwfton , t^thenvont mt^ to dear this tolceep the.s,^ay* heighj; t»d abouttSjihiles , led. aa*y%rds suppljeil oi ' sides are reefs. iS^.v ^a(|^all|Ni%'utt iery ^'^ *i« Bi«>4ues Islebi^nX ^ ride^oJ A-':"Tsr' ""-ottter point of which is diaUnf .i.!S T? ** . "•*®> ,-J ilie'wi^'poiht of the^^island ; it mar be anSS Jl^W,?^ **' * «»"• ItUndMA slivt distance from BicidLE^i^* ^"'fe?'-. id, whiofc is small, being not taore thin h»if^ ^i "?P»«"»^de, is Bi- and «outh%t Bides of Bi,uette:?S bTtwo olTr^i •;.?**!S# ''^'^^^ «"* ■ear^.thefstanoeof a mile sothat it i7.ll«««^ «"<» lyiififoff STwest end, to ^^ lROW0APEOAB|^T?d.BICISt4ANI). Wd' ;:./'■':■ ■. -^ 7 - ' ■ : ■ ■ "^ I rode of about Q feet in «xtenVbsTing 4 feet on it at low water, and staiicb oit ar s^seky ,' sboal 100 fatbomai long/ lying paraHeLto the'ooast It lies due 8.W. from tho west .' point of Bic, distant 31 miles ; and there is no olo^ leading mark for clearing it, butf if Mount Qamilie b^ not entirely abut in behind Gape Arignole vessels will be in no/ danger of it ' . ' ' ■ Under either end /of Bio IsltCnd there is excellent anchorage, and also betw^ni^ and tl}e mainland,'according tb the wind; and vesaelfl which may be melt by an i^asterly wind, bad better anchor than attempt to beat down the £stua^ in the long aJiid foggy nights OK the fall of the year.\ More ehlpw^ecks hide arisen in conse- quence of yessek /obstinately endeavouring to beat down against an easterly galii, .Witb its acwmpanying fog, than from any other oauSfS, and y^t all that they can gftfn by such a conrsemight be run^ in a few hours of fair wind. j. I . ' TIDES, &c— /Fo tlie westward of Biathe first of the flood ooines from the N.E., but there is .very little strJeam of flood in neap^des between Bic and the main land, excepting' closfi to the lat1;er. In spring-tides , it runs through the channel at tbe average rate of 1| knots, being strongest near tbe main land. It also runs between Bio and Biqustte, but the istream extends only a very short distance outside the latter island. 7 • ' ' ' I ' '.-:■•' The stream of flood oonitinues its pourse along tbe main landr passing inside, -an^ also very 'clpse outi^e, of the Itazades, Basque, and Apple Island; 1)u't nowbei^; ^extending ly sufficient distance off shore to be of use to ships beatinj^to the westward mdeh below Oreen Inland. Tbat part of tb* stream of flood Which passes farther out towards Bie, and also that wfaicb passes between Bio aqd Biquette, ruos^at its full rate oulyAmtil half flood, aftrar which it becomes graduaHy^eaker, tnping to tbb N.W., round the west end of the island, and finally to tbe north and N.E., towards * tbe end «(f tbe tide, ' The stream of flood becomes weaker, and of lesti 'duratiipn, as you proceed to the ' westward of the islands. Half way between Bic andv^e Bazades, there i» slack watjer n>r about an hour at the end of the ebb ; aftet which a weak flood mi&es during the fint qu(irter Of that tide, at the rate of a quarter df a knot ; and this is succeeded, by tbe eddy flood at the rate of 1^ knots, or i^jj^e edge of the Bank pf Soundings, whiott comes from the westvfard, runningt the tide. Its fate, in westerly winds, varief -from S to g^ Knots, 'According as it is neap or sjtring tide^ but it does not run so strongly bi /easterly winds. ^- * • / Tbe ' Soittb Bank is both to the eastward and westward of Bio and Biquette, and -the aesistance which tbe soQndings on it may affor4 to vessels ^t night, or in fogs, will be evident. If vessels, on apprtfacbing thd^e isTkr^s from either direction, will but use their leads In reference to the soundings on the chart, and attend to the directions giyen, they can scarcely run foul of Biqnettte, or its reefs, as has so often occurred in times past Tb<| Sb^Mtems' edge of the SoUib B*nk is 7 miled north of Barnaby ^^'"^yim^ffi^i^^ WMmP-j^U N.W. reef of Biquette. Betw^n thoM points the ef|i#^W>li|«panf^-m 60 to 80 fathoms of liiie, quite over tb tfie no^h H^t The O&i^Uioms^ edge Of the tonk 4s ij^mijea ponh of the NJg. BMadtflBet, and is netrl| atraigbt frpm tM jgpnt eastward to og^e N.W. wef 9^ Pi qU C ltO . -^ — — -. ■ - - , ■-.■ -^»^.^^ .. . ' — : — ,.,^.^-^.^Z-,..^,..zz.^^. — ^- ^^^.--^-— ,^^^^^-!q3g^.-.j^^;....g — .'J^^. .. ..£ . — To the westward th* Soirif Bank becomes, graduidly wldeir, its northern edgejmr^ luing a direction from off th^ Bazades toward* the nort^side of the Bed.'Ialet Beef. l*^"" are nowhere more than 3tt fathoms ;«t low watfiX upon it, u^ttl vou Arrive miles of thb line joining thefl^; extfemitMrof the Bedsl^let 4md'dii«en wfs, uid this inerease in the d^jth of water is a vabablit indljlafioti to a proaohiM that dnrgerout pass Ui tU|pVrMttIier.^hen the Qitteii tithM IsliuM' vesssi 1?^.#?S|^ ^^^ »'. w^ m '.^ :. BIO ISIiAND TO QljfiBEO. ^i^sT^'z-..±:^i!S£^v^''X^^'>^ »* i :; i I i'a h,\l BIO ISLAND TO QUEBECV stand oIoM m; but ahips should not stand in fiirtKOT^Sv SSnla^I i "^ "^? tniS* ^1?^* £?*■" "' *'<* ^8« "«'» *Wch bear from each other S W x W u SDitrun. outa qdiSrTaiiUet^e Sw«rd Cl^L^^nff t?" i^n*u»«°dy there ia a long ud narroir hok a or ^ f!^^!™^ , °^ *••• <""* ®C *•>" V" craft may be^siZedTS. S^Jd Xtor exS^?f *' ^'"!; '***'l^° ''""^^ «««>-" Basque fdand.and theri is fSftf jj^kstthe N W SS'w *? •/'^r"? *^^ On the western eztiemitr of this reef andll^nt nnn f ik ^- ' ®^V**" *«" ?«»»*• if a round rock wS sho^ at hSTtid? ^^ ^*"''"°' distapt from the i«l«id, and^t.Ss'thL'ii'^l^^ALf^/r ^r^^^ ««»—•* and 40 feet high. Behind thriiSithouM L tiJ^L ^""^ ^^V " '«""•' »*>»**• mile, and bearijg S.S.E. i K fr«S i^thrr^ S fihtXl.'*^ *t''i! ' .«""?" °^ "^ N.N^E. JE^ U Sfe.%e alltiori^/r^r"'' .™1? 5"* ^""^ the^SKae toltoil. Mlk Sto W llKnffl cS.^ ?rt.« •• •"• "«, ■'■'••i Ik", i. M #• ith good holding BICJ ISLAND TO QUEBEO. 1ft I taixpokj, and, reawls. that may ns at low, and 9 nding 5 miles to •stern end. To en to ,the north- r S.W. i W., li reef of Biquette ad to the south* W.8.\V:.from s long, and SOO reen it and the island a sandy and of this spit in which small e no^ward of its west point rom the island, d. Between it ery bold, there larrow point of« i from the trees !^,£. dii'cotion. e whidi dry at I a passage for Hgh wAer. mUes from the S.W. i W., 4^ »a, and can be , according as square, white, I quarter of a when brought le eastward, the lighthouse Y it trends £. Is. Its N.W. re dose to the leN.W. The le hiffh-water lead to 7 or »i there is no I N.W. of it, je N.W. from !!^is no other fa: yet it will > tide^ (which sets upon the reef at the rate of 5 knots,) for the. purpose of get^og bottoni; in tha usual way by the common deep-sea lead. To oleair Green Island Beef, in the day time and clear weather, keep the summit of the high land to the southward of Oape Arionole, (or the high land of Bic,) well open to the northward of Basque Island, y^-"^ ■ There is axcellent anchorage in westnly Winds under the Green Island BiMf ; it is the general rendesvous of Tcsselsvwnting for the flood, to beat through' betweeni Green and Bed Islands. But as U" fi''*' <" ^^* ^'^ comes ih>m the- northward, and sets on the shoals, vessels had better not anchor wkh the light bearing to tibe west^ .ward of S.W. V^'< or in less than 7 fathoms at low water. With that depth, on that bearing, they will be 2\ miles from the light, one mile firom the eastern edge of the reef, and the same distance from the shoal water to the southward. If they wish , still more room, tb4r may choose their berth in 9^ 10, or 11 fathoms, and will find a bottom of stiff mud tn either depth. The S.W. end oft Green Island is low and bare, and has a dangerous reef running from it to the westward abore a mile; this reef which dries nearly the whole of its length, ourres round to the northward, so that its outer edge beartf S.W. by W. i W. from the ligbthouser tits nprthem side is very steep, and the flood tide runs strongly over the^ail of the reef towards Gacona, and the ebb the contrary. Mariners, there- foro, should not approach it nearor than 25 fSathoms, nor bring the light to bear to the northward of E.N.E. v^ About 8i miles 8. W, by S. of the south-west end of Ghreen Island is Gacona, a remark-, able rooky peninsula 309 or 400 feet high, which is joined to the main by a low' marshy isthmus. At 1^ miles south-westwud of Oaeona, and just to the northward of the stream of it, ara the Perc£e Bocks, two clusters, occupying the extent of 1^ miles. They lie about a mile from the main, and are nearly covered ai high water. To the southward of them then is a narrow passage with 8| fathoms in it; aqd yon will always go dear of them to the northward, by keeping in not less than 8 fiithc water. ' ' BED ISLANI) is a low, flat islet, of a reddish oolonj|and without trees. A roel. bank or reef, 1| miles broad, extends 2\ miles to the N%., and is neariy dty in some 1 parts at low water; hut the idet is quite bold at its 8.W. end. Anchorage in 10 lathoms, good holding-ground, may be had to' the BJR. of this reef. 'Shis island is situated vdry ne^y in the middle of the river, and b«an from Green Island Light- house N.W. by W. i W., distant 5i^ miles. A ligbthousd is erected on the island, and bears a red fixed light Near the east end of Bed Island Beef a buoy, painted^t^ has been laid down ;, it lies in 6| fathoms, with the .south side of Bed Island, M 'one With the north side of Haro Island ; and the beacon on Green Island open alit^ to the eastward of the lighthouse. Should you be suddenly caugit to the noithward of Bed Idet Beef by a shiit of wind to the eastward, so that you ctuinot fetch round the . east end of the reef and gain the south channel, vou mav safely bear up and ran to the Westward, by giving the N.W. ddes of Bed Island, White' Island, and Han Island, wfth its reefs, a berth^bf 1^ or 2 miles*, on your port hand, in pasdng. When you an 10 miles to tba westward of Han Island, you may safely haul aerosa fo4the^ - south channel. Obsmln, that by keeping Kamourasca Ghuroh just raen to th«j|MH|^iL ward of Grand Idanclearing 8. by W. \ W., you will dear the 8.W. end of l^piripi Island Beef, (on which a red buoy is placed,) in 3 fathoms at low water/ As the river ,is all dear to the westward, then is no neceiBmty for hauling across so near to the reef. There is an anchorage alongthe N.W. side of Har^ Idand, in to 8 fathctea water, but this is very dose in. » UABE ISLAND, Ae.— In the middle of ^s part of the river an Han and Whita^ , ' Idands with their reef, the Brandy-Pots, fte.> which divide fbis part of the riv«r into ^^^' chandds. Th^y altogether occupy an extent of abopt 20 milfs. -Thp North Ghahnd,tlM>U{Al^t that and stroni must not irregnlurto ptad, as then an no leading marks, and the dapth is toogrsat and ....„ ['any guidance, besides the want of shelter or ancheraga on the north shdn. The Booth Channel, between the reeft and the aonth shon of dM river is generally nnfirred, aa the tidM an not ao stnng, nor the water ao ineonvietfiaBUt deep, aa in tlB|th«r chanAal; beddes which it haa ||0od anohoraga in avwy parliairil 1 ■%, 169 BIO ISLAND TO QUEBEC. north side of tJw a^HBMPl SiS^ Ja^ of groat extent, lying along the •ounding, oTinMMHHKr *^^^^ The aomh-weet and af H«». ToU,^ p— i. ^ .. ^ . . KimWftMP* Cliui^ » Ut^Ie open tqjJHHMBlBii'i^- W 'I'S?** ^« "*»*» ' mm Upd #U Qree* iSnd to a%£?S;J!I^ -t northern extn«nity of tha TW^aO** E. • tiM%Mt^^^*uy i r , • • ^" **o houaea near the KiTai' du ijLn V«rt« of a »iile?TheN*2 W ^ loT^* '>tbmN. «8° E., and 8. 68° wTSo Xpii,adepW8& ?f..?-^'^^ ia..BatCn i»ymg $a»rett I^L^^uji?^?^*/" u through this part of the^^nal ""itp^^^aritaeaat acMoeu Wd fmiUfia^ oiK whio^l&ra'ja a talttmn^ TK-'^L.t' — "^ -"j^wm «•« soiuiMm adrPofeB.andeoii fin 7 fcthomaiofWU alwi^ya «dtte«fo«, not iu a. w,y of jiippiSlaa^ tothewe8twarfoftheBiindyPoiAeBnMtfr.{A» -rfxx ' r , % . whoM<^miririd?i^Sidj3B • mila in bwadth. '^^SSt^4^^^:*S^^^^^^ ^ n<^li-e..tw«d for 5— JOT-— -» I •luBwU'if'WiKU «a4 aw it iato tbft NMiii ( ^fdii? •w^vnw* «H wra ue I ^^^•^^iri£^^=:^'?&^ ^ 4)0 NJB. andi of the^tije ^b Wet are touohing, and thowaatpoint tription of tiii* % BIO ISLAND TO QUEBEC. m THE ftU^fhui •!« five ialeU lying at. t^ dktanoe of 'i| milM fbm tli« aliore on the aouth aide bt tihe South Ghaonol, with no paaiage between. They lire About 4| miles in extent, ud are oonn^ted together by reefs, .which dty i^ loir water, llie largest istot is also the highest, being about 300 feet high, and partially eoven^" with trees : abreast of it is anchorage for sbmII Tossels, in 24 fathomig water. Out- side the Pilgrims shoal water of 3 fathoms extends to the distaaee of about half s mile, and thenoe it extends to the eastward and westward parallel to the snore, from whieh it is distant fully 8 miles. To Hbfi eastward of the Pilgrims this shoaT water takes the name of the Bane du Loop, and to the wtetward of those islands tile Bute deSt Andr§. . The Pilgifim Shoal is long aAd narrow, and runt for the distance of A miles in a ifi- rection nearly parallel to theshore, from which it is distut qply S miles. On the northern side there is a black buoy, lying in 4| fkthomSi with tike «^t ends of Hara and Qreat PUnrim Idands in a line bearing N.N.W. 4 W,. and S.S.E; i E. The eastern end of the ahoal, in 8 fathoms, lies with the 1«.E. end of^he trees of Hare Island an4 the eastern side of the Brandy Pots in ? *ltore. in from 6 to 8 fi^onMb The land fronfSt Denis runs fi mUes south-westward to Point Ouslle, and is aD low, with rocks before it Fropi Point Ouelle a bank runs off, and lines the shore for a distance of 8 miles to the westward, as far aff Point St Roque, and extends oil the coast fii% 4 miles; over this sand and mud flat are scattered ^nany large stones. imi, which ween Points shod all of thiiF 8) milev t Boque, tt Just vLa&t Point OneOa is tibe river leading up to the ehuroh and will admit Tcssels driiwing from 10 to 16 met water, 'tbe coi OneUe and St Boqte bends inwards, fohning tile Bay of St Ann, over by reason of the tand and mud flat previously mentioned ; bayis a settlement of the same name. At the northern edge of . N.W. from Ouelle Point, is a bla^ buoy, and at4mUesN.N.W , a Ughtvessel, both of which must always be left on the pmrt or sooth side wbstt bound upwards. T]^fta\|irOBTH SHORE nou *bb SAonniAT to Ooodbu Isumd.'— From th»> Siguenay^te Coudres Idand the northern shore of the river is bold and jnoontainous. In most piplp the granitio bills rise itbmediitely frcnn Oe river, Ibming steep preotoi-^ tons heaaluds; Kesr the entrance of the Saguensy tiiese hills ate awmt 1^000 fe«il high^ btit ^ose of the Eboiilemens attain an elevaiieti of 2;M7 feet aboire thetid»- waters of tiie river. _ — - ; ^ — . . — _i — . ■ '■ : At 6i miles S.W. of Lark Point is dtdated Cape Basque, add alioat H ndlei to HmT noitltward of ibt eape lies Echafaud Idet^ a small rooky islet in the iio4idi of b eotis ; it bears 6 miles W. V8> frmn the S.E. ettrame of Lark Beef, the siuwl of whMk «K> tend* as fiur as this ^aea^ Basque Boad is «iMU>dieltBrsiaaoh»#aga lying dTtbia^ the best position being the Echafaud bearinjg W.NiW., talber Ism than i ttiH^f tant, in 10 or 11 fltfhoms, ovfo olay bottom. '' M a » lU THE NORTH, MIDDLE, from Gap« Salmon is Bitu*t«d fiatu* f«^«i« -.1.J-.1. • » .i. . "• "'• ">7 W^* i " . VIIRTBA V IB A V miTr"" ^fP* Jiftgle, which m of the'8un« ohuaoter . pomt. W by N., .bpnt 400 fathom.: LpoSffiS' I T*^ ^°«" «?»•.'»• •"« ft. Bj»tt 1*, otth. Idjnd i, b«H for SKt'S Sitt. ftS^^'Jfp^^J^' THE NORTH. MIDDLE, AND SOUTH CHANl^LS TO QUEBEtt ' "•xtimdB from the weet ridrorCoSreJ 7SS.^S«"^Vn** *" ?!."°* ''^ •^9^" *''^^ Wefc It is • fine ohaimi^d Sm*! n!S?J^ Burnt Oapj. I^e «nd the Bayfield tion M» the South Otr^^ohfa thfm^SL*!^Tf"^^'"J.*l':P"^ •t Umee, as it frequenay^mSns oI.Sn^^iTf*"? flied. stiU it m*V be of aehipe Gh«Belbeeome.lima5SbI??nrfAfe«,r '**'~"* '^"^^ •^^ *»»• S*"** E?i.*5SS?a S^JiSS^ai" ^^^^ "^^ rWJ extendsamilitoth^ there is a lanw •BttlemanL vl»f!!. ^* *^^ ^? '''**^ ^ Bboulemens Bay, where the chLTnSXS&L Sirg^^ «"»» -rtde of this^Tf nearer than 10 ofl&S JSJr^e mLfc^?^ "honv or, not approaiifcnjr it • gtm^mUl&iomra^^^ T . •"* rA^"*"^ IdMd. i» «h6al and rocky; it has ««tttiiliOt» A and which also extend for^ SSLr!?;l£T ^5*!i^ .^''-« of «ud «d l^-ton^ttt^ndi^J^irKIK llf milM to the lonth-^estwaid to an ,; AND SOUTH OHATSfNEli^ TO QUEBEd. lett tqoal dUtiuiM off •horji; to oImut them off LabaiA, you mutt bring tbe lixtNiiii^Mttara Owes Bouge *nd OribUlne opea to the southward of Oaae MaiUard, ^.VL i W. After oleariog,the N.W. reef of- Goudrea Island br the before-mentioned mark, there is a fine stntight ohannelftom 1^ to 2| miles broad, entire)Tfiree from dan|fer, and eX'. ^ „ tending 18 or 19 miles to'the.Burntl.Oa{>e Ledge. Tlje depth does notleioeed IT' .. fathoms, and there is good anchorag^ towardil the sides, out of the strength of the . tides, which run stronger and with more sea In this long and open reach thii^ in the . Bfftith Ohann«L *» . The southern side of this channel is • 'bank, extending, «s before mentioned, fh>m Ooudres Island to Burst Gape Xedge. Its edge is nearly parallel with the coast, and' .. \ is easUr followed. ' ^ ' . ■ The Neptune Book is nearly 16 ..miles 8^. from Cowdres Island, within the edge 'of,thisabnthern,shoal, andisea^y reoogniniiid., / The North Shore is high, and, as inreviously mentfdtnkl.ls lined with shoals. At l^ miles S.W. of Oaj^ Maillard is a landing ))laoe named Abattis, 2 miles to the south- w^ of which is the Sanlt an Ooehon, where the shoals, which line the shore, cease. There is only one landing filaoe^Xa Oribanne, betwem Abattis and Oape Tffurmente, a distance or 11 miles. To the westward of the Sault au Goohon the mountainous and uninhabited coipt is quite bold, the high and precipitous oapes, of Tarious granitic rocks, being washed .by the river as far as Gape Tourmente, where the Seminafre .Bank commences, and the mountains trend to the N.W. away from the shore. y The Burnt Gape Ledge, nearly opposite Gape Brul6, from whicK it is distant 1^ miles, is composed of slate rooks, and is Terr dangwons. Its S.W. end is always abote water, and bears S.W. i ,W., ^ miles, from the Neptnuip Rock. The BruU Banks are to the westward of the Burnt Gap^ Ledge, and are joined „io. it by shoal Crater. Their northern edge is only 000 fathoms from Gape Brule,-and the depth of water between them is 7 to 10 fathoms.: Between their M.I!, point and Burnt Gajie Ledges there is a bay, but it has no passage through to the westward, and must therelDre be avoided. On the N.£. point of the Brul6 Banks, in 8 fathoiils, ihe west end of the Burnt Gape Ledge is in^dne°lrith the east side of Heron Island, ''j . bearing KE. . ' , " <^ The TntTerse Spit lies between the Bnlfr Banks and the-^stem^int of Orkaas Island, its N.E. part jibrming.lrith the 8.W. part of the Brul6 Banks, the Eastern Narrows of the North Traverse, i^hioh is only 250 fathoms wide; 4 fothoms can be carried throogb within this breadth. The Traverse Spit and the HoMe Shoe Bank to die N.W. of it, as wdl as the Bvtil6 Banks, dry, for l^e most part, soon after half> . ebb, and thereby greatly lessaa the difficulty of the passage. '_ Pour fsthoms ova be carried into the Traverse, and^e mwk lor Ieadbfg'lKrotu;ltp„ die EaUimNarrows into it is, the S.W, point of Beaux Island and Point St ymut - in one^li^ng S.S.W. \ W. From the Eastern Narrows the Gbailnel runs S.W. by " W. cloto along tbesouthem edge of the Traverse Spit, leaving 'all p^ier shoals to the aonc^waid. At the distaode of 21 miles we come to the Westemr Narrows, which are also 260 iathoms%ide and 4| fa^oms deep. The We^m Narrows are between the Traverse Spit and the West Sand, a sand which is \\ iiules long, and lias 7 fbet least „ wauir u^ it ; its eastern extremity is, or was, maned by-a otteqnered buoy. The ' m«H[ for leading through these narrows, ajEtfrhaving arrived as ikr as the east end of th^ West Sand, (which will be when Bertbie^dSareb. is just open of the S.W. point orBeaux Island, bearing & i^Wi.,) is Pointsm Joh^i ii&d Daophin, on the south side of Orleans Island in one, bMrimH^^, ^ W. ; Having cleared the WestelMlnNlm^i there is a fine clear passage between OrleaiA ». ishmd and the banks ^ MMftti^/|pn^d, not leas than two-thiras of a niile wide, ' /and with good anehoragb all ^(^in^ t9 th» South Channel at Point St John, a di#- / tanee of nearly 7 miles. ° *^"' ' ... ' / Th* ehannel to the northwardd the Islani of Orleans has water enough for the ±_ larg«<«it«hipa.Witiiitnftti*rrow«nd intricate for general user. There are also g^"^ 1 idinf mimes which cotdd be thade available. .. ^ IXul.'MIDDLE GHANNEL lies between the shoals and islands which form the northern side of the South Channel, and the long line of shoals and reefii, which e^endfrom Goudres Island to Beaux Island, at the east end of the' Island of Orlsans. The ^atrwioe, to the north of the Seal Islands, has not more than 8 fiUhoms a( tow : :m- '; ■ . ■■' - ■ .,■:;., , ■ - -. . . , " ■.'^'• .■ '. ° ; ^. : - 1 A i 11' ■ -1 U-^.: IM ^^NOBTH; MIDDLE, ..i\ oommdiUo^ with th. Sou AaTe^*^^ JlSf.^^ Middle" SfeSj -ho«. of the St. wt^J2?f fo;:S 7iS£*^ *.ath shore the houses are numerous, and nTnoi^ uT ^i* '*^*'- ^U^ong the south Beet The Hirer Jolie lies a^ont 24 ™ji1 V * ""* ***°«f oppos te to Goose I^ile1 .tobAlr*- StR to.be Jli _ Matter bu qiuuctero: buoyJies "TOUT iddto^^ Jv be left on .your port Iknd • Md a m^?i a ,5 ^1*°^ *"«y «» *•»« Shoal of ' the port hid. oJposiK wWch "?^r '^'° ^^'^ " * «'«'^ >'"«J^ ouiMl. to be left on yom^twboald hi^H "S>''y ?? «>« 8.W. end * »'«oy^«»d is to be left on ,i the 8.S;*westwird< and * l^Vi! ?7Ji. * ^^ ^*«* pateh off St Jtan 2 mik. €»- .. * T-r wmgh for tbe iddle Traferae i between the MfrM. but .tbe take even the n vaj oMise to iiuw'the death « »'T)f ooDsider-' oog the south «.Ghurohe8 of B W obtained^ ^ateiCaedge, Btiraid or'^e- « twne.d^reo* sptihg at low ng-tiaps. At\ gn«oe, which small round, stwardofthe item bank of uBiTer^ud ice., ■ taqee, w)dis 1 4 mO^-out b^ the' name hin$;oTeri|ig.' I of'Vater in the Middle idres Island, * inted ouVby )*» n tbe black 4 The utmost 9at intricate > the middle Ground; it erly named Bu^ aiibrd- lle Ground, heShoatef bjack buoy, end Qf the from t)^Mi i than one >ther black ' be left on m, 3 miles ■anii^hite hand; but roToIring AND SOtJTH eHANNELS ITO QtJBBEC. Filiar BoisA, or Woody Pillar, a high round rock, with trees on the western part of it, ' lies at a mile and a quarter to the west of the Stone Pillar. At half a mile to the east of it is a rock named the Middle Bock, with a beacon upon it. dry at half-ebb. To the northward of thePiliers or Pillars we the Seal blapds and Bedk, having an extent of nearly 4 miles N.E. by E/and S.W. by W. In a considerable extent the: rooks which form these t*eh are dty at low water. The bank on wl^ich they lie is extensiTft on the JfJ&. towards Goudres Island. At li miles S.W. ^ W. ftom ^e Stone Pillar, is the oommenbement of ,a ledge of high rooks, named the Oooto Island Betf, extending thence 3f miles S.W. \ W.,,the western part of which is composed • of rocks, always above water, and steep-to on their south side, The^ is a nal^row S ■ ohsnnet 6nly fit for small craft, between it and the N.E. end of OoOle Island, t» which it lies parallel at the distance of a long half-mile. ' ^ -J^ On the Stope tillte there is a light revolving e**ry li minute The building is 38 feet high, and the light being shown at aaele^ion of 68 feetabove^the watfsn ! " can be seen about 18 miles off. \ ., , , * /. . , , GOOSE ISLAND is connected by low meadow land toOrane Island, the whole of which Mcupies an exte^ of 11 mil^ in a direotion\of N.E. i £. amd S.W. i W. • From the south side of this ipw laud a shallow flat ruilB Off nearly a mile, an4 nai^ roiws the channel very much asyou approach the Beau|eiiBan^n each end of which ' * a white buoy is now placed. The eastern buoy lies with Cj|nion Isltadt N.W. hj W. i ^-JM>d the western buoy vnth the farm-house on Crane Island N..by W. A farm- • ' faouawmiay be seen on Oodse Island, to the eastward of which, and close to low-water ' • mark, there is a laige rock named the Hospital Bock. Two miles and a half to the », westward of this rock' is a long reef, dr^ at low water, but it is out of the fairway, and dose along the islands The north side of Crane Island is in a good state of cul- '" tivation. On drawing toward it you will see a farnr-house on the east cgid. To the ■. SiS:., at half a mile firofcl this hou^, is the.edge of the Beaujeu Bank, a narrow shoal, '- . whiclr extends 9 miles tbdnpe to N.E. ^ E., and has, ^n its shoalest part, only 8 ^ feet at low water. It is separated, from the fiat that runs off from the main by a chan- ' nel, having 4 to 5 fattiomfi^ in it, but just within the west entrance of this channel fie ' lies a bidlT, of only 12 feet. The jflianilel Iwtween Beaujeu ^ank and thft eastern " end of 0]f»ne Island has 4 to 5 fathoms in Jit; but its bre^h scarcely exceeds a ^^arter arc mill. Two red buoys are placed on the N.W. side df this Ahannel, ': . ^posit^lo thc^ite buoys on the Beaiijeu Bwk. i ," „ . . ■, u BAYFIELD ISLANDS lie tojthr west of Crane island. Exclusive of a number of fn^H islets a^d rbcks, the prMcipal ure Canoe Isle on the north side of Crane , '' iluid; &e Mfcrgawt I^and; next westward is the 4iro8se Island, and tbe Me du X, tM' the westernmost is Madame. The wtitde of th^ islands, from Crane _d to the west end of Madabie Island^bccupf a space of 14 miles* There are ' Se^llU passage between the isles, but theylsaW toq intrioaite^ b^ understood without . referenoe to the ohait. . . ., ^"^ . ^ t 1 i° ^ a . A reisf of rocks extends -half a mile from the w^lem end of Crane Island, and dne* at low Water ; and a shaUow^Ti^lt hins oat 1| miles fJHther wegward, on which a re4 buoy is placed, with St Thomatfs Chuijch healing SWE. i S. 'Grbsse laknd isnnha- ■ and is a mUes in length, lying N.E. by E. an| 8.W. by W. , , ^ - > ^x Island ikabout 160 feet high, and kcther longer thatf Groese Island, but nar- Mcdame Island is somewhat-smaller thi^i Be;iux island ; both are covered with. roclrtreef extends 8.W. by W., 24 miles, from Madame Island, and dries for the , ,, i^ow water ; and ships oughjt not to go nearer to it than 7 or 8 fathoms he ^ -" ' • ' ■ - ^^ '- k to clear it is, somf part of Beaux Island kept open to the south- land. The wes^om extremity Of the reef lie» with St Valli^ l?f E. A red buoy now marks the western point of this reef, «fhich estem extreme of the north from the south channel, is the quarantine station, the entrance to which lies between the ^ J Island, atad is marked by a red »ioy on the south, and a ohe- mief^ buoy on ^e north side ; your course in 'from the South Channel isUbout ST. THOMAS ow th« sotrrg^RH sHonE.-^^iiit St. lliomas is \o^, and ^W. tN. fromtheei\t|»noeoftheBiv«r%id. ' / . .' he lava of St Thomas a Jat ^ mud-bank, partly dry at l*r water, naibed : , of St Thomas, extends more than .|)alf-*>7 over toward Crane Island. juits Ml beartng here ditnd^ the , At Qrosse Isli island and M % % 109 K-*^ THE NOBTH. MIDDLE, northern extremify is a mUes S.W bv w A.« *.. ' quarter of a mile wide and 4 faSoms dmn T».ri /I-T "'"'' *'y » «l>annel nearlv a ing mark is Belle Gfaase- Idand »nii p«:«1 ol w i7. "*"" western end. Tim nlaa- ^M^^wa^"""- -'^ ^°°'*'"^'^»f "'•Built rf • vt'^VH extremily of the latttr. stead th«^i u ^''' *"*' ** ^ mUes S.W. bv W ^ Bank of St Vallier fills the wholXv w±"^*u*"^ ^^'"«« «f St. VaUiw.^Se fr««Powt St M chel stand the YmZe^ ChSf^f ^'*''- ^^ « mUee W. bfg^ ^ . > Bg^^^e , the westw^ "^^.llSS^/SS;^^ ' ftomtheSrinmtlSlSrnt'rw"*^"^ extending more and more «nd their northern edge i« at^p with vp^^f^ "^y* ?"'* ^ ^^ Part at low wateii i!::?Ki?''^^"'«°*'^»*««^^^ ThewarnruglyS proaohed with great caution. A bKuUln?-™! *''!,*^''"u "•*«»« »»'»^^^ a^e^Jjewe.twl;J|"eat5; «S^fi«^^^ faU. At 6i miles from Beaumont Churoh «Sn^7^* t^* ^•"' **»«" thei* is a wkterw -Between Ppint LeW M,d BovsMill /hi «S ^^^ ^*- '^°^P'» Church, on Point Wl of a mUe f™« the .h^ri 3^ St Le,i a 7£^' ?r/*™ •«*««d«' aWveTquarter br««»th Ur^ muee. It S^S,;;;FS^lJo*^'^i" ,V« »««» »<>»«. and its extrem^ •' the northern ode of the South ChanHiil fr«V« ^"T,/* formsTy to southern bLinI of Quebee..adistatfoeof SySel Tn^Pr'*" ^''*'^"«»~f to^ reef of roofce running along it^ IniL on thi^ .1''*^''" ??"¥" A*" and«uddy w?tb ! ' pointed it«k8risl»g% he?e anfte?e *''*' ""*'*''™ ''^' I " ««« «and" wlh a fe# • ine Ohu»che8 of St John anil s»i T ._ Unoe between them Wbg 6i S^^jes .^Lh '•'*^- T'.'''* «°"*her,i sho«. the dis- " and TeU S'^Zj^' «"'" V *'*"-^' the we^aiS o&f sriiJ"* '^'^'^ ^-d. Theolear- } leads about, 2 of the Bank of or Ohuroh and itef extending >d the Trou de B W. by N., a tried through «ep,tand.bare itance of HO 1 to 6 fathoms ^•W.j and the lier, whieh is shore, above 3d Point St. eonsiderable ■ On the shore I S.W. by W. *> 'allier. The »nds nearly los W. by ft' I lud at Point \ i» only loo 9 and more wKere their , ["hey extend «8idered to aching only low watery "ugbythe >uld be ap- edgeofthe - t Mill, and is a; water- 'ointLeri. I ft quarter the north* -^r the north ' * ts extretnft ie oentrdf ~ liernsliajl ; in 1 mile! Jy. with* nth ft fQ# * B, the dis- deiis and I is a safe - «, 12, or t<:- '**■.■ 14 fathoms, previoiuly to taking theirfinal departure ; the.groundoannbt be eoiisid«red good, but it is well sheltered from easterly gales, and the river here is bold on both s si^ap, and is about 1^ miles wide. On th^ western part of the point is ^ duster of neat . ^ ht^ises, wheiv aocommodations of all kinds may be obtained. , . ^. About a mile eastwvd of the west end of Orleans are the Marand Books, running out 2J cables' length from the shore;* they haye fl. to 9. feet water over them, and 10 fathoms in sailing past them. At the S.W. part of the island are other rooka^ which dry at low water; these are dose to thrfland, and may be safely passed in 10 fathoms water. The Church of St. Peter is situated about 4 miles froi^ the western point, and nearly opposite to the Falls of Montmorenci. ' qvXBBO.— The Basin of Quebec is about If miltfs wide from Point Levi across to the shore of Beaufort, and about 3 miles long from the west end of Orleans to the Indt«i Wharf at Quebec. The Harbour of Quebec extends from oflF the River St. Charles up to the Ghaudiere River, a distance of 5 or 6 miles. • ^ The ^ort of Quebec comprehends all the space between Bamaby Island and th^ first rapid above Montreal. Information respecting quarantine is given to the oommandefs of vessels by the pilots when they first come aboard; and a book containing the by- laws and harbour regulations of the Trinity Board is delivered to eagh vessel on her arrival by the hajrbour-master. ■ ,^ ' The City of Quebec is situated on Capet Diamond, and it is difficult to imagine anyr ^ thing more beautiful Uian the view which suddenly bursts upon a stranger ascending the St. Lawrence and entering the Basin of Quebec, as the vessel o{iena out the Falls of ' Montmorenci oh the one band, and the City of Quebec on the other. The navigation of the River St Lawrence is closed by the ice from about the 2ftth Novembei 10 the 1st May. The navigation t^etimes, although rarely^ closes by th^e middle of November, and remains closed to tM^h or 10th of May j at others it would ossibie to davigate it till near Christmas, ancb>^hip8 have arrived in the middle of AfHA; but these are extraordinary seasons, and the^eriod first named is that during whicKlhe navigation usually remains closed. The river seldom or never freezes below Quebw, and only occasionally opposite the cij;y; but it is fulfof heavy iee, njoving-up and down with the tides with irresistible force. There is general^, but not always, a bridgcl of packed ice formed 5 or 6 miles above Quebec; and higher up, as far |^ Lake Ontado. the St. Lawrence is everywhere frozen across, exacting in plaoea. where th^ '""jmrjBirery strong. ' g^^' , ^ rV; he Kiver St Lawrence extends frqm Quebec to th«oi]^E^.Mintreal, fromiwmeh H is distint 165 miles, and from the Island of Bib 90Taagues-; It is Mvigable.to the Rapids of Richelieu for vessels of 600 tons; the impedimentvare few, and those very easily surmounted. < ^*»' '. ' From Quebec, the shores of which are exceedingly lofty, the hills griKlaaUy decline, and become Jess elevated, until yon reach the River St Maurice, wherothe tide entirely ceases : here, on the north side of the river, stands the tonm of the Trois Rivieres, or Three Biters, beyond which, at the distance of 88 miles/j^ihe Richelieu Rapid,, At the entrance of which, and above a»e Lake St. Pierre, is the >own of William Heiiry; formerly named Sorel. Lake St Pierre is 22 miles long, and in sotae places nearly. 8 in breadth ; but ite western part is encumbe^e^with numerous islaiids, which divide , it into several channels, two of which are Navigable:' but that on the south is the cleanest, deepest, and best, and is pointed out by a, lightve8«|l and buoy. The banks here are low, and shelve off to a considerable distance, leaving only anarro* cliannel of from 12 to 18 feet water : the river here is obstructed by masses of rook, and at the ebb-tide the descent of- the rapid beoonies so great, that the utmost caution must be « taken to pass it; vessels, tlferefore, should wait for.a ;^w>per time of tide, and,if ^eces* sary, they may anchor at the bottom of the rapid .until a proper opportunity occurs. From hence to Montreal the banks are of moderate, height, and uniformly level. ' Montreid is estimated as the most fertile part.of Lower Canada: it» port is conve»»| nient, and situated on the Sife. of the city. The harbour is not large, but vessels drawing 16 feet water can lie close to the shore, near the Market Gate, and bo^ deliver and receive their cargoes with expedition : the depth 1$ generally from S to 44 fathqms: its guat" incqpvenienoe arises from the Rapid of St Mary, which is aboij^ mile beloir, whose current is sometimes m ppwerful, that without the beBeflt «»d, the flSd X ■ME^ before mentioned. ^ constanUy downward, at the rate ^ ilto St:B#?S R^.^; jS^!" hS^SSS^ " «« ^-^. ^t. 80m. Off iv.i„t the stream never bends to the w^^fS^ «! hours, and flows 64. AtUk wf tJ?« neftp-floods are here ve^ weS- ^T^t -«? ,'° »!«>«''" flood by the SJie S- ^spring flood is, howevS.Xy.fo^oTtiEf ? !?««»"; "OP*^ •«. ASptibfe ^a /oint and Bio. The ebUrS Sm £& * i^'»^*'« »««'«. K«ES litb^ 8outh-«astward toward Bed IsUnd Bank M^o^^^r^*^."** »i»b great for^ Idet,thetei8litUeornoflood.buta«J?al*riSL^f*J'''°^' ^^'>^ HndE TT* -S %*u' *«"t«nd of Bio, and then graduallvto^thtlS i?*^' ^^^ »* "ets to to the W.B. The current between Biauetto »«j ♦?! ^{^ ^ "'"nd, sets stronfflv strong to the N.E., without any nL^VhSL^ntL''°'^ ~"* " 8e»^eraU?3 flood ; but, unUl the upland watefs ffi ^f^«!?^****' ™°« *® the.westward durih J dischaived th« ft««K-a V-„ "7?_^ °lf* f" ™n down, and thA «;«-* _^'"H™8 *inng of the snows in the s^Sg'SZ y^i?. flood; but, unUl the upland watefs ] dttchaiged the freshes, oHused by the :f«^b^« f'^'n^ ™n8 downwani. .. , -f^'ug « un year, •tronglyfrom the N.W., out of thelU.SK^J''* ^^V"" «tber currenr^m^^^ northward of Red Island «nd joSoMeSS W*^**"!^ ^''••^^^ a mlw ? t""^"^ 'bourse of theZam S^olf'afcS^ '''^^°«^' ««««« So JmUee an hour, with a westerly wind ; but oS^LtT^T 'T "" » ".E. direotion! ^ Island. Between Bed Islwid^nd Green l2^H»u^® southward and eaetwardof In crossuag over to the north show. this^JStoriv!?,*^' *^f *^,^ '""^ from 4 to 6JlSoi for, on tie north side, the flood iV pStt^S, "^"i'^' ^ ''"""d to dimin"2^ ward of the Rozadtr Books, ^d net flS ZTCf i?" '^^ '»"«»' weaker "e^I «:"tt7jd of Bior^ith asoant^teTfr^mX'To^^fK^^^^^ Ships t>a."oo^ southward '^ Rod I^*ndu««t. strongly to the N.1^l1KliiS^^ »v '/■ *■ \- DtoOTIONS FOR SAILING UP THE RIVER ITl bound to Mon- ere i« a r^fular r and braadtk of id. w:— New Cape «•; hert spring- . uth edtmt, near ad neaps 8 feet ' «t. At Grand M'^^Mre hwe- ilmots. 1 10, and neaps tjie flood from lOBouth^bore; lierateof lito Om. Off Point UtKelsleBie 9 •bore. The Brceptible, A Xween Father b ^at force B It and Bed Quebec, the freatlybythe sbelovrHare attbejrateof ben it sets to flood slacks, sets strongly Jtteralljr tery win, as Wl ward, daring , rivers have of the year,, lowberepei^ nut, comes ' tntiel to the '. toreases the !■ direotion, MBtwardof to 6| knots. • diminish ; ter. East- sction, and 'floods ma ome to the • by N,, tap- to Basgn^ ^^ " w toward Uwtoth* ;. . puriDg/' ' spring ebbs, the meeting of the N.E. and S.B. tides, near the middle of Green Island, Muses very stoong ripplings: «id, to the eastward of Green Island, the S.E. .ebb eomea strongly about Uie east end of Bed Island ; here meeting, the N.E. tide fau|pB a high rippling, much like broken w*ter in strong easterly winds : but in neap-tiAi, toe. floods are voiy weak, and in the spring of the year there are none. This readers the part of the river now under notice more tedious in its navigation th*i any othen unless with a free wind. " ^ ■ , ,, "^j From the west^nd of Green Island a.regular streatu of flood and ebb comn^enoMi which runs fivd hours upward and seven dowawird. At the Brandy Pots it flows tide and quarter-tide: aod,Above the 'Pero6e Books, on the touth shoro,itBets reguhurlyup and down, N.E. by E. and S.W. by W. ' ^ ^, , ^ "it. From tiio Brandy Pots, the stream of flood set^ toward Hare Island; and near the west and N.W. with great strength, through the passage between tW\i8land»and shoal. Above Hare Island, the flood sets regularlv up the river ; the ebb Vontranwue. From the Pilgrims up t8 Cape Diable the flood is very weak, butjt thence increases up to the buoys of the Traverse, Where it runs at the rate of 6 knota. The fl«t of the flood sets towards the English Bank and Hare Island Shoal, when abreast pf the greater island of Kamourasca, and the ebb contrary. In La Prairie Bay, on tb« north side of the Isle aux Ooudres, the time of high water is 4h. 2Sm., and hereit flows six hours ; the ebb stream continues an hour and a quarter after low wateri-Cnd th^ flood threat; quartere of an hour after high water. ,. ^, " ^. " The tides in the North Channel befng half tn hour 'earlier , than in the Smithem ohannels, the firet of the flood seU strongly on the St Roque and St Anne's Banfcs; and tbe flvst of the ebb sets strongly anroa; the shoals m the middje of the nv^. In the Traverse, spring-tides rise 18, and neaps 11 feet ' " ^ , te L. At the South Traverse, on the fiiU and change, the fade on-shore flows at half-p wt four, but it continues to run to the westward until six o'dook, when regular m the ohanneL With westeriy winds there is a deviation, but it is certain that the tide on -Shore rises 3 feet before the stream bends to the westward; and this allowance must always be made in every part of the river. In the Tre^Torsej^ flret of the fldbd sets from N.N.E. ; at the buoys, at a quarter flood, it takes a SpT. direction, and when the shoals are covered at half-flood, at the Seal Beefs, it sets unUl high water S.W. by W. The.ebbs in a contrary direotitm run with great strength; frequently m the spring of the year at the rate of 6 (MP 7 knots. „. Between the Piliere, or PiUara, it is high water at 6h. The ebb here runs 6.hoUra and BO minutes ; the flood 6 houre and 25 minutes. . Both streams continue to run an hour aftw- high and low water by the shore. From Crane Island the flood sets fair up the river, but the firet of the ebb off" L'Islet ^ets to the northw«d for half an hour, then fair down the river, and at the rate of not more than ^ knots m spnng-tide. _ At the Isle aux Beaux, or Bat Isle, below Orieans Island, it is high water at 6h. 3«m. It ebbs by the shore 7 houre, and flows 5 and a half; the streams run an hour later. OflF the S.W. end of Madame Island; it is high water at Bh: 40m. ; rorings me 17, and neaps 18 feet At Quebec, the time of high water is 6b. 87m.. Here it ebba by the shore seven houre and forly minutes, and flows four hours and forty-five minutes. Both streams run an hour after high and low water by the shore. Spnngs rise 18, and neaps 18 feet , . ' --■r. M. DIRECTIONS FOR SAILING UP THE BIVER 8T. ANTIGDSTI TO QUEBEQ- LAWRENCE FROM .*< ' Th* current from the »»«• •«*■ contlnuaWy down to the sbTttth-eastward between-lhe S W. point of AntiooSB and the coast of the district of Gasp^'; but in tjie spnng of the Vear it is atrongest, and is caused, asis supposed, by the 'tost quantity Af mow which thaws about this time. In summer it may be aWwgedaf about tbe goneral rate of 3 miles an hour; but in spring, Its rale, though it Ji^amoM*ted to.Jt mlMfa boor, variee aocbrding to the qtuntlbr of ice and\!^n«,w that ta^aeeumulated. ft bar tma said that there is a difference of 5 or 8>et Ipthe levd Wtbettver betwjeii the month* >f mIU and August, which has beai^ eulpposi4^^to.»|tae:fr6m th*-va«i^ «f ft* a»4 "';lnow melted 'in the [ij*ing- . ,/„ . '^, /•,."/■■*• V'f^^V ■,;•'■« >■''> ^^- •, ', . -'■ . - • .. .. ■ ' ,• ■'.,.> *'■ • -X'--- 173 IIBECTIONSTOB SAILmo OP THE RIVEB ; -'^W*. ■:^i ITiosead • «IvER '4'?. >?, . . #■■■ • point of AntJ* ignorant of the pproMbing the ' Bg night, or in oftheBtreogfli, omiiig up *|j% or 4 leagtiti^ Ibold, and the totheN,E.«^ mts wad swell therefore, the indv to endea- , on shore, by* ly eome hours northward, so ?-, or towards l^>U8t steer gl*, which is Are rocks J a' r^e^navigft' tion is nece^ " canvass, and M>in^ sound- The-Tioinity or, irom the 'TO occurred |1 deviatipn, Jhatte, a W. >8 of which, md ; Mount «e8i inthe le southern t according Mit Metiy arrive. « itatCanaiUe t for Btat^l * the plaoi- V Bhed from t li miles, ' ** a largs ' ithin 2 or - *ioh they ' j-; : •om these! " » oflfths •d-tide, to }und the- succeed, reitward. ards the ■ly wind . aoutb of 8 of the ' ^.. ■% I' ST. liAWRENCE FRbiM ANTICOSTI TO QUHBEQ. 173 A Teasel standing o?*r to the ^jftuthward from Point de MMifs^^ith a west win4l on the sUrboanl tacit, will he carried over to the south coast at a rapid rite, having the current on the weather quartor; during her hoard tack she will be retarded, the current thin being directly (Opposite to jier course. Wta»n bailing at the rate-of 4 knots, it will usually rsquiredfllj; about half 4he tioie'to go from Point de Monts over iff the south^ shore, ttiat i* will take to return from the latter to the former. 'This -is a most important (^irouinstance, which it is neoessanr to gOMO — , against when bbating up during dark nights, and especidlv in li^ggy weather. '• When running up, during foggy weather, when the land cannot be' seen^ the object shoiSld always be to strike souodings on the bank alotog the south coast, about Metis, Of Father Point at farthest; and ^eu- following it as a guide to the wjstward. Father Point is low, covered with houaea, Add the regular rendezvous of the pilots. With the point bearing South, by compass, JiataOt 5 miles, the dftpth is SO fathoms^ soft clay J but you may haul in-shore to 10 faithoms, in foggy weather^ and by bringing- to with youf head off,'add Bring a gun o^tno, you will get a^pilot off. The distance from CapeChatteto the ^rest part of Father Point is about 24 wagues; and from thence to the anchoripg'plafie-at Bfo Island, is 13 miles; fnake an allowance y far the current, and any 'ship may run it srtth safety. - . " ' ... ,/ ■ While advauciuig from the eastward toward Father Pomt, and being off lattW Ifeti^, the high land to the southward of Oape Arignole m»y be se«n before the cape itself or Isle Bid coihes in sight. From ttff'Mount Oamille, in clear weather, Bio piay be clearly seen. To avoid mistaking. Barnaby Isle for that of Bio» observe that, in thick v'eather, a ship cannot approabh tihelapd, near Father Point, without gradually shealihg the water ;«)nsequenay if,.whU4 haepine the lead going, you coma into 9 fathoms, and make arf island suddenly, it muft be Bam^by; or, if falling in with mi island on any bearing to the weat^M of W.S.W., one oast of the lead will be suffi- cient to ascertain which it is; for, with Barnaby from W.S.W. to W. you will have frottil to B fathoms only; but with Bic on the same bearings you wijil have froni 16 to 12 fathoms, But the lightlwuae on Biiiuetto wiU remove the ^ossibiUty of thie mistake. ' ' "... ,. , , * ,, , » n • .xu if, with, the lead kept going, and. no soundings be found, you suddenly fsll inwith ari island to the southwarc^ it must be Biquet^ With this island, S.yf.r^ara. mile, there are 16 fathoms of watey. At 2 mllea east from it are 10 fathoms, and a ship advancing into this depth.jG^ the deeper water, may either haul off to the northward, and wail for olear-weatber, or proceed by sounding around the reef from ' the east end of Bic; steer thence West, 2 miles,' imd come to an anchor, within*tt» island, in 12 ^ 11 fathoma.,- At 4 miles north of Biquette are 60 fathoms of water. With an easterly win^, if rpquisite to anchor on the south side of Bic^to proceed from windward, run boldly to. the southward, and look out for the reef extending from the east end of the island; the latter may be seen, bem^f always above water. Give the reef a berth of a quarter of a mile, and run along, m mid channel, until I Cape Arignole bears 8.S.E., the body of the Island then bearing N.N.W In 10 or 11 fathoma is a larg« ship's berth, the ground clear and good. Small vessels may run up until the island beara N.E. in 9 fathoma, at about a quarter of » mile from the ialand, but here the ground ia not so clear as in the deeper watM-. Fiseah water is obuinable in the cove just to the westward of the east end of the '"if during a westerly wind, a ship should be to the windward^ of 4he islaVd. and it be reauired to Jbear up, in order to atochor, stand to the southward, into 11 fathoms r then nm down and anchor, as above directed; but particularly noticing that with little wind, 10 fathoms is the proper depth of the fairway, and that- the . 'last quarter-flood, and all the ebb, sets atronaly between Biquette and Bio. Should vQu, with the wind easterly, be too far to tlie weatward to fetoh round the east end of Bic, in order to feain the anchorage, give Biquette a berth of half a mile, then rim- up until the west end of Bio b^ara S.E., when Oape Arignole will be open of it. The latter mark leads to the weatward of a reef that covers at high water, and bears west l* miles, from Biquette. while »n°'ll«%r««f •»7»y«J»"^lt; Jies between the former and Biquette. By hauling round to the southWMd, ^th t^ C*pe Arignoteopen, you will pass athwart the opening between Bio and Biquette, in fW)m 16, to 18, 10, and 9 fathoms; the water thence shoftLens it|to fl fathoms, oa i^ 174 DIRECTIONS FOB SAILING UP THE RlVER in* Bpit of mud and sand Ivinff S w '^K- Tir &„ ^ . ' ,- Bpit, you wiU deepen into 9 ind 10 SihomB^^hT^tS."''-^ """*• ^^*^ "'""in? this mwr come to an anchor. «">om8, wben thO passage will be open, and joi - i. .''i';:-tf°bis^"s. "^r ^Ltf Lt' r ^"^ ^^o". •« »«>r "Mdin, to th, «,aih„Si. do aot is irffiL^P '^S'- *:"» *« ••«»« and Green Idand Sera ^^ ^ ..^;n„ ^~«^."'.-w".l£',;r«.?-£f| hghthouBe betting 8.\^ W. ]eldT?«JelTSl ^IIL^S. "^^^L^*^^- The 2B- vj , ;^- ir crossing this open, aod you ole, art newly Bstward, vbUe rignole, or, tin to. »■ pilot, unless ">n for with "^gain sound' Ships may, lalf. with Bio of that island able to quit to the south, at low water, i^ of Bio the 1«« Isle, and ns being the aw.byw. satheAlcide pie IsUnd to miles. This >>id is always lydxyatlow but from 36 (aland there Bather, in 9 «. yon m^ nding N.E. xtremity of Island it is fathoms at I berth of»a ibed. The ?h land to land, Ipads iledgv^wiU fi yon m ^ i>e wind b^ )• During t fathoms ; 10 pilot be, r S.W. by 'With the of three* m 7 to 14' toWhitt ds Whit* aearly 6| ' ST. LAWRENCE FROM ANTICOSTI TO QUEBEC 176 mtlet. Th^ eastern extremity of ito extensive reef bears from the same lighthouse nearly N.W. by N., and is cleared by tb6 lighthouse and beacon on Oreen Isla^iA in one, bearing S.S.E. i ^. When raang up in the night, that light should not, t^wre- , fok«, Im brought to the eastward <»9w ^' <^til you are certainly within 5 miles of it If, with the light heariiM S. l^V. you cannot make free to enter ^he narrows,, wait fbr daylight; and. should the wind be scant from N.W., you may then borlrow on the south side of Red Island, but so as to hare White Island bearing S.W. | W. On drawing to the westward, you may abroach the shoal of WhUb Island l^ the lead, remembering that the ebb-tide sets strongly down between White Island and Bed Island, and the flood in the contrary direction. A vessel may anchor, in fine weather, on the south side of Bed Inland Beef, in 12 fathoms, at the distance of about three^uarters of a mile. The tide hereabout, as ahready shown, sets in all directions. The lighthouse of Bed Island has already been mentioned in the body of the w<^k. ^ The soundings between Oreen Island and Bed Island are very irr^lur. At a mOe iVom each are nearly 30 fathoms of water. The water, during ebb-tide, with ia easterly wind, apptars broken, but there is no ctanger. The mark to aaU through between Green and Bed Islands is the Brandy-Pots bearing S.W. i W. Thk NoBtH Coast.— The Point de Mille Vaches bears frdm Biquette N.W. by W.: i| leagues. The extensiTe elioal, which surrounds this point, commences (^ the river of Port Neuf, river on p. lo4, and i| may he added here that theire i^ good anchorages at t|ie Anse St. Etienne, 10 milesL above Tadousae, at St Inmis Island, 16 )niles from Tadousao, at the Ansa St Jean, £2 miles, and at the Baia de rEtemit^, 28 mileii above Tadousab, atallofwhieh ' vessels might lie well td load ; in other pArts of the river the d^Xh is far too great to Ships working up on the north sid«, betwtiln the Esquamine Isles tbd Bed Islaad, sbould keep within 2 leagues of the north land: t^e shore is clear and bold, and the flood p^y regular. But, should a ship, to the northwaSrd of Bed Island, be caiugrt by-h sudden shift of easterly wind, so that she cannot fetch roundthe east end of ^fgL lUand Beef, she may si^ly bear up and run to the westtftraid, givingRed, White, and Hftre Islandfi, a b^rth of 2 miles in passing. At S leagues abov* Hare Island, she mayt>aul to tbeiouthm^ and enter the south channel |pw'4rd Kamourasoa, and thence proceed as betealW directed. JAi \i ■ <*i ^ • /n^t-. " Qmn Island to thi Bbamdt-Pots.— The Poroee BMmji, B"»ott Lvdge, White Island, and the ftandy-Pots, have already been described. From 1jH»en Island tp tiie Brandy-Pots, the course and disljanbe are from S. W. i W. to S.W. by W. 4 league*. The mark to doar Barrett Ledge, is the southemmoet mountain of Kamoufasea m a line with the saddle of tb« Great PUgrim, or an ialet lying off the JJ.E: sidex^f Greffl» ' island^ tonehing the high land of Gape Arignole : either of these marks wul dear the ledge, but it is not recomme«d«l to go to the npi^^ard of it unles^you are Visiting - the andiMage at the Brandy-Pita. InB^ ^^ , ^ v i. In advancing toward the Whits IsUnd W^gk^^ t™H ^ ^}? ^ .^ 7 fathoms ia near enough to taok or anphor in,VHP]^ a«ptb >s la the lUrv^y to tb* K. f. 176 •■Ti- •#' irf-^ Bl^OTIONS FOR SAIUNO UP THE WVEB ^«»*twpon tlwwuU, ,ide. 10 fathoms being ne«r ,t<) them. "TSIPrlir - - •— « f! •^'#4rt of the riTer; durfntf the euterlT •*«! ""•• ^^^^^^e beet roadatead round to the eastward of Barrett lLw .fcifu *"*'', "»?™ »«ter. it is better to run .the Pilgrims »nd. Hare Island Beef lr^«« fu ^' * J^' *"*' '* ^"^^ '«»«* through between S -fifi? ""i^ ?"" •«' »P to Cape GwS ^ "^'^ ■^™°' **»« «>"»»' bank over to the • 16 to 18?2h"?„1 if w?^^S^?^A^^?•«f -^^ the B^ady-Pots you will find tt'Ll^r r^ 9 faThSs on ?hfsoXide o?'ti^: ??T ?!"*' * to ?ffiS t* ■ '*'^rrnmhtso"rsr5f%S!^^^^ out T.Athoms; untU you are „„»«"? k * S^^**"' ^'^ ™°n»^ lay. take either «ldoj the ^til sWe of ?t It***" 7'^'''« «' *»»^ ?i in the above dentb m th« IL! " the Hare Island Bank S^ourasca l8lan3s?«;Sl*so stelS Tj"^-""" ^'^f^""' »»«» t Karoourasca. keen aloncr »v!f ^ ^ !* P^® ^'o warning by black buoy of St Ann's if in It ^* ^'u^*"** ''°"*»' ''»°k, in 7 oV 7 oi. Ann 8 , If ,n a large ship, you may keep off in. "" DUUkU BUUI At nlgh\ or you should ta' "P by thel ' Long Pill ■ should tii de St,^ Am the lead. „ 9 fathoms, up *™°?*5«»* . v —o -ft /"" luiiy Keep on in. Jom the^ca£e M »lT,Hdj_exZ£edtheJt^^ than a mile Wa half fi^ Sow Island siST'* P?'*. «>f f Wch is not mo«.^ Jteii'^-.^'™ -Sirs;. SKfj^jLriTSSM ^- « boms being oe«r- Lia to rfathoma, he best roadatead Crane Island, and' md waiting for • idle Ground, and> on Oreen Island fE.JE.,butthe losely. In mid. The flat on the >eing 7 fiUhoms land is bordered >as8age ia across luth-east end of is better to run tnd so enter the iland just open irough between > on either side Bank, the river mk over to the • t8,70u will find ) fathotns; but • I soundings to ' I Brandy.Pots, 9, for running middle of thoL Island Bank ilgrims', Bano warning by bank, in 7 or ly keep off in loal is about >ast between -, ;asca :(sles is ith the great depth of 2a Kamourasca 1 .sbips may . me distance »rry i4 fe6t ud. . "eef extends J 8 not more< lerefore, in in for the . And place bring the Dg an;ived the church 'e, and she x^ > eastward ST. LAWRENCE FROM ANTICOSTI TO QUEBEC. 177 South Tbavbbsk.— From Caj^ Dlable to the South Traverse, the course, if at 8 mUes from the cape. wiU be B.W. by W. f W., 5 leagues,, whioKwiU lead you to the lightvessel at the entrance of the Traverse. The banks on either side of this ebannel an buoy«d. The course through is S.W. \ S... 4 miles, along the edge of the St Boque Shoal up to the third black buoy, and thence S.W. by 8. to the chequered buoy on th'e Pateh. The passage is ^n to the southward of the Stone Pillar with its revolving l^ht, from whence you ateer S.W. by W, """ " Orane Island. La these courses al^kranoe whether ebb or fl6od runs strongly, onwou s banks are ateep. <^ » If running froili off Cape Diable folVhe strike the bank off that cape in 7 or 8' fathoms, that depth, it will lead to the lightvessel. On pi the water will suddenly be found to deepen, when keeping ibe„ south side on board, and proceed as ^ If entering the Traverse with little wihd, be e . flood, as it sets strongly toward the point of St. Boque if more than half-flopd, allow for a setjo S.W. by W., iland Beef towpui^ ir the tide, wtiieh loal cast, as the.. or in a fog, By keeping }que Shoal, ' southward, the first of the _« going through, sore always to keep II more inwi utui-uwv«, aiiun iu» o »«»« •« »,.... ■"j ■■•» — ■— — ,7r T »'• au* the south bank on Board. Above the Piliers, or PiUars, the tide sete fair up the In beating into'and through this passage, be careful and tadk from side to side on the first shoalAsast of the lead; but more particularly so to the norttiward, on the edge of the Middle Ground. Ten fathoms is near enough io t^e bank} and it i8 to be remembered, that the ship will always go farther over toward the Mid(^ Ban* than to the point of St. Boque Sh9al. , . _ . .dncAoraaS.— Between the Brandy-Pots and Traverse, there is anchorage aU alo^g the English Bank, and upon the edge of the flat on tbp south side, between^ tbe Pilgrims and the greater Kamourasca Isle, in 9 fathoms: under the Pilgrims, in 8 fathoms; off Cape Diable, in 10 fathoms; and thence, along the flat, up to tbe Should the flood be done, when a ship is in the narrows, or between the buoys, or it ^ any occurrence render it necessary to anchor, do not hring-to in the channel, but on either side, as most convenient, and oome-to in "7 fathoms; the tides will be found inuoh easier after half-ebb. In the deep water the tides ran_ with^ consideimble strength; therefore if you should be obliged to oome-to, do so in 7 fathoms, witli a goMl scope of cable jbefore the tide becomes strong; for, if the anchor once sturts. you may have to out from it, as it seldom tokes hold again, the gi^ound being foul and unfit for holding. , - ' ^ a t. ^i *u ' Near tbe Pillars the tides are much easier than below, as at and above them they " set at a' rate of not more than H miles an hour. Ships bound down, with easterly winds, may anchor at two miles, to the north-eastward of the South Pillar, in 7 fathers ; or, to the southward of it, in'the samiB depth, with good ground. ^ From abreast of the Stone PiUar, or of the AvignV Book, the direct course and disUinoe to Crane Island, are S.W. fW. 4 leagues. Ob- thip course you paas Goose Island, and arrive at the Beaujeu Bank, the channel to the south of which is ttat generally used; the depth in it is irregular, varying from 6 to 8 fathoms; and there are two rocky patohfl of 2i fathoms in the way, 4nd diflBcult to avoid. The "narks ' for passing the solfcern edge of the Beaiyeu Bank, along the easfarn half of ite length, are, the Stone Pillar, its owh breadth open to the southward of Goose Isla^ > Beef; and forthe western p*rt; of ^he bank, which turns up sUgbUy to the northwanl towarcls Crane Island, Point StTalUer open i of a point south of the south side of Crane Island; but must hence ta^ a circuitous/route, in order to avojd this and other shoals. The south side of the channel is iCmuddy flat, of 8 and 2 fathoms, with regular soundings toward it. There is hence good anchorage aU *e way up to Crane Wand. Stand no nearer toward Goose Island Beef than 10 fathoms; but . above it you may stand toward the island to 7 fathbms,. . ' ■ .^ , , ., , When up to the body of Crane Island, you ^ay approach safely, as it is bold and clear, with 7 fathoms lOlose to the rookftr , . , a From off the PiUars to Crane Island, there ia all the way, good and dean ground. There is, also, a good road off the body of Crane Island, in 8 fathoms. The best road in the river, during ea^rly winds, is at a mile to the westward of Crane Island; and iiii^iiii&iii WK o.wyw^MatMtl w Iw miM O'O*'??' ■ ^ 0'. r>'' (. ^t^ k J—. X :'/ ^ -;.„.,..v...:^.- •it- t .. ..'•, fU-t- > " 1 \ .*; ^ i • ^' f ., ..'■, ^i- J ^,. ^ ■ ■«, ,. . .■ " *^' .i . t ' ■ . ■ . " ' . ' ..*-^ ;;■ ;; ■■ . -j-r • r. ' . ; ■ ■- , •'- ■ .:'/■■-[■' ■'. ■ *. -'■■ ' . r \ ■ - •■ •■■■■■ ,- ■ • ^ IK ^ ' ^ ■ , ,^-'-- . JP ' . . ' ii. ■ ^ f t H^M'-: * i « * « J -^ \ u. " .. ■ ' "■ -■ ' '• ■■■■-'■ -' . . V. ' }: " ,>,,,-.- ■ ^ .. ,^. - ^ -.. _...,v. - .-- - ■'^^^-■7^'^'— "— ■»- ■ — ., - .:■ "'-■« :*. .' ■ . ■■■''-" „> . ■ ■■■ 'v " ■;"- ".;v ■ " ■ .' ' '.' ' ■■-... \- '", , ,„.*_. ..■; ■ 'v ' . » ■V.*"- ^'--<-'-Vr' ■t- :■-■ ;..Vi-:'- - ^ ■ , ■■ , ■ ..»-, . . §' ■ t -■■■■■■ ■'■■ ■', ■ : _ ■ . '■':'.' » <* ' , ■ ->'. ■■■"'■ "". ■ f - - ^{"'' -"^Iv '-'^ :■■ ■ -,■.'■-' 'J^ ^1 ■ -^ . - - ...'Jf ^■- : :.-^ ■, ; -,;.. . --■ ' / ■"'.■■"'■ ■ : :.- . -^'-', ■■ • A;V ■ ■ , ■ : ■■'■ - "' . f : -_ .; : ■ -X s ; . '■ ., •'•'.•:• J, .■ , » ■ :*.. ' . ■ Vj \ ' ' '* " ' -■»i . - - ' \ L "'.: ■ <-.*.i - '. -■■'. ' V '•.'■'. .. .. '^r Jr ' ''. .^ ^•/f •i- ■¥' %' IMAGE^VALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) V - 1.0^ ^^1& mm jm 1.1 1*"^° 6" , >»■ HiulugLT4iikj SdHioes Carpotatioii n WIST MAM STRUT WnSTm,N.Y. 14SM (71«)t73-4S03 '^ i v, I A, • » .M- - .4 %, ■ ' 1 V *• * §' ■ *" V 1 • t ■*■ - . f :: TIE?.- ■-■■ . "■-..,;:;. ^ • £___ ^ * - " 9 .. i .. / ^. :Z . ;■•;.■ . i 178 R. ST. LAWRENCE PROM ANTICO^ I TO QUEBEC: &'Zt^it:S^±l\tt^-^','^-^ c.ug,^ by strong easterly wind., had nsk the loss of anchors. Grosse Island. When St Thome's Chu?chbea^ a F^ the bank of point of the bank named Margarets TaShaSn^ »fi l^' ^°"r" ^'^ *brea|Uhe , direoUy up W.8 W. The mafk fo, the southern l^ „r"?J' '"^ "^^^ thence^l^ the south side of ^ay8taok Wand and CrSish^H^r*,? °f, Margarets Tail Bank is, To avoid the Wye Rocks, never st^ni^f^ fi, ^^u^''"''*^ '" °n«. bearing E.N.E. •nd by day ob«erv^e tlj^the" anj S to ktVcWrTlK"^ '^L^'""' »" «"» °*«^;: ;|tte:f nr;i\^^^^^^^^ p.tch. with a red buoy has been placed on the SW end S VLT'-T J'r'" ''''"•» •»«? tbere. »nd also a white buoy on the N.E of oi^ pJi^TH" ^?"' *» ^^^^ mentioned the east point, of Grosse Island and thelK,th^Si' ''"*A *''^ •^«'"«» ^^ *»»« buoys through. There is a pasMge to uTe weS of G^n^Vf 1' 'l'*""* N. by E.. will le^d but caremust be tekeS^ll^oid asi^Jo^k^2^fM:^.'*''**^'^"'**« W»»'». off Grosse Island, and on which a obefl.,«^T,, '^ «**M« water.dying 180 fathoms When above Manraret Island «»!2r r"7 •"' r>«° P'«»d. r," *!? ?«»r «*»«"firb to both. ITie sou^sTde ^tO ^ ^''« «>"tbw«r« ; T fathoms Wand, IS all bold; 8 fathoms are elortlit with 7 W *° »«"« ^hasse ^"^'^ "?!°"^.''i?t? •Jl^boring-grounT ani\:^?tL^^^^^^^^^^^ 1-^ across. Tb^re is good dean anchoring-^^^^^^^^^ •••^ When up to „„„ v dame than 6 fathoms. The .hoafMi^diZ ZTUL^^ *^''° ^ fathbms, »nd to Ma Wand Tail and Patoh.'is. RacTlsland kent ^L? f"^ ^V"^' " ^«" "» the Grosse Wand. The mark for the " W eSwmrwS ?fe *° **?* southward of Margaret North Traverse, is. the north^^^fo??:; J,^'t W T"* ^^ **''' •°*"°«« <>* tbe Madame Idand. bearing N.E. | E.. and St viSuS (^k '* ut" **? ""* northward of cross mark for clearing it to the S W ?« nh*u- X ^''"™'' bearing S. 1 E. The Chasse Island in one. " "' ^^'^•'•«' ^""b and the west end of Bell! The North Channel and Traverse itn.1 tk- -u-jL ™, in Orl«nj the reML|he , y thence^ef Tail Bank is, mng E.N.E. \ in the night: Chasae Island ray of Teasels, lorth sjliore in the westward le Patch, with 1 270 fathoms the southern' ih stop there, re mentioned, of the buoys, E-, will lead d Hie Island. \ 180 fathoms than into 6 1 ; T fathoms Belle Ghasse quite across. , land to Ma- >een noticed. 9 the Grosse of Margaret ranoe of the lorthward of i J5. The ind of Belle Bldom used, \. Lawrence th sides are outh shore. bove Point hward into T. by N., 3 . ick's Hole. B middle is >noe about raided: in « 8te«p-to, Id take in snot very ring-tides. wtbomi < » sh«m, is ft RATES OF PILOTAGE. 170 ^ depth of 11 fathoms : and here vessels are easily brought up : but in the offing, 10 fathoms of cable will be required. On the Point Levy side is a depth of nearly 3Q fathoms, and the tides are stronger here than near the wharves. With a wind heavy from the eastward, the best riding will be above the wharves, off the cove named Piahiond Harbour, in the depth of" lOffathoms. . • . The BaUast Ground, or place appointed by law for heading out the ballast in. is to thfe westward of two beacoivs fixed on the south shore, aboye Quebec. These beacons •sund on the brow of a hill, above a cove named Charles Cove, and when in a hne bear N.W. and S.E. of each other. . ^ BATES OF PILOTAGE. The following were the rates of piteUge a few years since, anil are added, as we believe they still remain the same : — |te /•Vom Big to Quebec. Peg. Foot. '" £ t. d. Fnjm the 2nd to the 30th of April, inclusive i ,o « Ist of May to the 10th 6t November, inclusive 18 11th to the 19th of November, inclusive ^ ? 2 20th November to the 1st of March, inclusive v. 18 jfrcm Quebec to Bic. n ,a q From the 2nd to the 30th of April, inclusive.... ...... ........,, 0" » 1st of May to the lOth of NoveijAi*i)aclusive , « S 11th to the 19th of November, inclusive J ? « 20th November to the 1st of March, inclusive...... I B » Rates of pilot-water and poundage on pilot-money afe payable at the Naval Offica, bv masters and commanders of vessels. . j » «._ For every foot of water for which masters and commanders of vessels are bound to pay ^ their pilots from Bic to Quebec, and from Quebec to Bic, 2f. 6d. currency, per foot. For vessels going to Three Rivers or Montreal, Of 100 to 150 tons, inclusive, £2 currency. >» Of 151 to 200 tons, inclusive, JE3 „ Of 201 to 250 tons, inclusive, £4 „ ■ Of 250 tons and upwards £b ., On setUing with pilots, masters or^^mandere of vessels, or the consigneerof such • veweU ire to leduot 1.. in thj?p#i>d for thp amount of the sums to be paid for puS."h ch ^11 be exaotecFg/theNaval Officer at clearing out. the same being . SndS Vlaw, under the direction of the Trinity House, for the relief of decayed pilots, their widows and children. Rkodlation* /or t*«j»i7otosr« «iow Bic to Quebec. At or above the.anchorage of the Brandy Pots-- Two-thirds of the present rate for a full pilotage. At or above the Point of St. Roque— - Forabove^t"hVpofnfaurPins,on the Isle aux Grues (Crane Island), and below Patrick's Hole— . One-fourth of ditto. And at and above Patrick's Hole, £l 3f. 4«flI IdtadOiaraisabalUHi^ patowd brown, with a while belt, from jfJOeh F" Ij :^Juit. j^'.'^^ifagj.., •w ■4^' m W-.-i THE HARBOURS OF HALIFA^4nD ST. JOHN, Ac. a li^t appearing red towards the sea is shovn kt the height of 45 feet above faiah touching Sandwich P<,int/and thel'iro'^^^^^ requisite to enable vou to saU among the;?rSrtr/vrs2l ou^^^^^^ fc^"^ T°*°» "J^lBg the coast from the^westward, withdut hSK » piFot"^«i These shoals surround Sambro' Island iS aU directions, and it KiiC thlt^e wuhr,s;iu7r?8^*'^ ^•'^ "•^•^••t"* °°«' ">« ^wea Rockfsj rnZ; H«L!*""*"i^i?"\.''*"^''*^°' Chebucto Head is |i smaU harbour named Catch oi IV leet. At tne bead of the harbour is a straam of vood fiwili m^tu^ ti.-~. j • in periflet security in ft depth of 7 to D feet ^ vwjBeia may iie fiank. which is aboutTof 3o i! eTSS^ .^d £. .^IJ&HldJn?^ close to it. On its centra thero are but 9 faSoS ^d Wj2d tf ^ I"? " w Ak^M. Af ♦u.-T "l""™/. "™t» »n,an Ji.Nj;. dtrecUon. In the noentlv corraate<) jiS?on '^ P»" ^ *»»• "'•^ *»P '"^ of 60 fathom, is iS^dSn^SlwJ 4 a^ilir^STi"?? "/ "^•i^S®'* •*««» Sambro* Island is the BuU Bock, which lies lin^n?E':f8:7dSi/rATffi the Horse and Maw Rockl^ at neMiyTmiSs' V?SW * 8 f^™ tfi**"'T ^ST ing is the Smithsoa Shoal. » «H,k of SJet wtSJ. Sri IomI K" feHl*"!*' boi, rad 18 httwrn. M the port p«Mh-bOT^ ""™*^ J'*'^ n»r. U .!«) . n«* M«i U„, B.1I, , «U1 1«* of C fcrt, (^ A .f . ,01, »«, (,■■ V tb H ex an B4 P« wl th th si) H th 8. of 8. ot Gl at 01 P. a re rs -am ivfa w hx to SI m tb a1 it ec in hi ai 01 T e] b< N G :3 .- , &c. t abovQ high aab's laland, to iffathoma, ugber, Beach 98 Pobit Oldoiontoty of les, than are in i 18 absolutely pproaoh'tbe fot oa board. a that some g been met amed Gatoh i OTer a ban • There is > Head, the e; with 6, 6, selaittay lie ulesS'S^ ' » Henerby 26 fathoms Vi(a^e p«rt iUHid.Wbm i, there are . been very it at aboat ^ooireoted nx in this whiohlies 4ghUiouae thouaeare me build- • Ehm Ae »ile»S.W. of d feet '' the island ' . the Oull^^ a attemj^t' r warning loh as 10 into 18 or 1. Sisters, If miles le blisters aU have luOwMi' Mombii^. iree-flltbf i4Qnken latlMst afore the Ipaddle- lib tnm ' ti' i" V THE HARBOURQ OP HALIFAX AND 8"^, JOHN, Ac. 183 the shore, nearly midway between the entrano'e to^Catieh 'Hafbour and Chebuoto Head. In a northerly direction, towards the coast, it 4>M a spit of 4|.fatBomSr extei^ng from it a short dUstanoe, but in other respects ilis staep-to, there being 7 and is fathoms close to its eastern, and 13 and 24' fathoms close to its western, side. Between It and the shore there are 14 and 8 fathoms, but no ship should atteibpt to- pass inside it, on acoount of the dangerous rocks,.nai]9^d Duck and Duncan Ueefii, which extend fifoin the land and nearly block up the pttssage. , The rdbk beam from the extremity of Ghebucto Head nearly S.S.W. i W. one mile, sind from Wbite Head, the east point of Catch Harbour, £. i N. about | a mile. To aroid it on the east side do not go to the westward of the line of Sandwich Fointin one with Ghebucto Head N. i £., as that mark will carry jou clear of it, and also to the eastward of the Sisters, and other ledges, in the viomityof Sambro' Island. Boeki at the entrance to the Marl>• ha^our from the eastward, and the red beacon buoy on its edge should al^ From the south side of Mangher Baaeh a ' a mile, and has on it, near the extremity-it a when ruoning into the harbour, bring the B< one with the ciast point of Oaorge Idand, bearing .or 11 Aithoms. \ \ ]neasant Shoal, rnnnhig otf from the point of Mtween Maogher Beiaoh and George Island, on the extends nearly half the channel over, and has on ii buoy lyipg with Chebneto Head op«ii of Sandwich N. by w. i W. There is also a small pateh of 4| to Oroond, between this dioal and Maugher Beaeh, ;a3rs M passed on the south side.' ' of 2| to 4| fathoms extends about | of 8| fathoriis. To dear this iflat Catholio Chapd, at Dartmouth, in ortb, and yau\will avoid it in 10 e santa nai istem nde oi eastern lint, and 'thn fathoms, It'^s about a is about midwaf the channeL tt white hemuin tadd Ilai^staff led the Middla I's length Iroin north to aonth, and about the same jn breadth. On i(k eastern nde the soon^ngs v/j ;?** • This apiMWs to bf 6.W. f Hf b; tiw ohwt. waW S.W. i «. IH II THE HARBOURS OF HALIFA^ AI^D ST. JOHN. Ac lUMo^'^i'^rrs S^t .'o's'.ar,? .hick. -«, ..iu. u» iM the depth morewes to 6 and 10 fcthoms. bottom of mud. ^ * *^* ^" ?J*r^V" "^ ."""•b's Idud; then bnal up for SradiricbPobt .nd^^ advance to (he lie, taking oare icinitr. When ' Bank, and With the f proceed N. it will lead I left, and A. I J*-. tiorage the THE harbours of HALIFAX AND ST. JOHN, &c. ISJf Mr. DaTT, A.N., of H.M.S. Comwallii, made tbeJigllowiag remkrks while pro<^- ing from Hdifkz to Qpebeo. This Gorawallis left mUfax on June 4tfa, 1888 :— - " Wind north with fine weather, sailed with Petti, Dee, and Charybdisfor the Gat of Oanso. Passed out between the Thrum Cap and Book Head Shoals to within a cable's length of the Thrum Cap budy, baTing 10 fathoms water ; this channel ia Juite safe. Being thus clear, 37 miles led us to the southward of Um Jedore Shoals ; len East for White Head, wind and weather looking farounble. Just to thf east* ward of Cole Harbour is a remarkable red cliff, making in a well-formed saddle; the red is bright, and the eastern coast, thereby, is easily recognised ; while the coast to the westward of Halifax is known by its white dira. It is advisabl* for stdbigsra running from Jisdore to Canso, not to approach the^coast nearer thfn 10 mile*, until abreast of Tor Bay. ^This is a spacious bay, haTingBerry Head at its western point and Cape Martingo at its eastern, 5 miles apart White Head Island, immedii^y to the eastward of Tor^ay, is the most remariiable land on the coast, and is as a beacon to the pilots; it stands well out, and from the westward terminates the eastern view. Being 10 ipiles south of it, steer N.E. by £> for Canso Lightfiouse, which is a tall white building, and makes well out to seaward, on a smsU, low island, named Cranberry Island, bear West before keeii ' thence N.W. and . „ „ - , Terr dangerous, and directly in the track, leare it on your port hand. Cape Aigos fiialies like a round island, and is bold to approach'; passing this, the distance across the gut becomes narrowed to 1^ miles."— ivdiiit. Mag., 1889, p. 290. On the coast fro^i Halifkz, westward, to Margaret's Bay, the country appears, from the dlBng,'Tery rocky with numerous inlets, 4he shore being steep-to, and bounded with white rocky dim. The high lands of Aspotogon, on the east side of Mahona y Bay', are very remarkable ; and proceeding eastward from Mahone Bay the rocks which surround the shore are black, with some banks of red earth. Between Cape Ijb Have fwhioh is a remarkable promontory, 107 fiset abore the sea, bald on the top, With a rea bank under it, facing the south-westward) and Port Medway, there are some hummocks inland, about which the country appears low and level from the sea ; and, on the shore, white rock and stony bcAohee, with several low bald points; hence to Shelbume Harbour the land is woody. About the entrance of Port IMovar, and within land, are several barren spots, which, firom the offing, are easily discerned ; thence, to Cape Sable, the land appears. level uid low, and on the shore are some eliffii of exceedingly white sand, particularly at the entrance to Fort Lutour, and at Cape Sable, where they are very conspicuous from the sea. rnVm^Noaru ■ABBOVB.— Th^Alrance of this harbour bears from the entrance of the Qut of Annapolis N.^ W., 1 l^Kiufes, and may be distinguished by the lighthouse on Partridge Island, which shows P|Sd light at 120 feet above the level of the sea, :msible 20 miles. The tower is paiund red^and white, in vertical stripes, and is ' furnished with, a bell, to be invariably tolled in thick or foggy weather ; its position is lat 46%14' 8* N.. and long. 80^ 8' 5* W. As a guide to vessels making St John's, a large iron fog-bell has lately been placed in 7^ Atthoms, at the entranee to the harbour. It lies with jPape Spenoer, bearing S. 50** E. ; Cape Mispick, S. 02^ £., 8f miles; Partridge Lighthouse, K^ 21° E., lliniles; Sheldon Point, N. 49<*W., If miles; Medginish sdtath-east point, N. 76° W., 2 miles; Cape Negro, red mark, S. 81° W., 4i miles ; and Cape Split, S. 78° W. The height of the bell lOwve the buoy islOfiset A btaem Ught is shown witfiin Partridge Island, fit>m a tower erected upon a spit or bar which runs out fh>m''Band Point S.S.E. about i a mUe, and which dries at two-thirds ebb. This light is of neat utility to the coasters, and aU other vessels having pilots on board, as it enables them to enter the harbour at all hbors of the night- .^ blowing lohMrdu to ndaoe • ihip to very low eaqTM*, if not to bat* poles ; and thonU Um wind eome to tlte eutward, it te invaiiaUy attondcd with •ueh thick WMth«r as to prarant m obanratioa or acalng to any great distance ; hence, nnder anoh etrenniatanoea, it would be impnident to nm ftff the ahon, more partieiilailjr in winter, when the eaateily winds an attended with aleetud snow, wUeh lodge aboat the masta, aaik, rigging, and erery put of the ahip, beooming a aoUd bod« «f ioe ao soon aa the wind shifta ronnd to the N.W., whiBh it doea snddeBly iWnrue eas t w a rd. These are eimunstaaocs of real diflcuHy ; and it baa been reeoaunended, in each a caaa, to nm Utt to the aonth-weatward, (aToiding the Ovlf Stream,) and thence from the S.W. eoaat, to k«ep tha ihoie on board, *Q the wi^ to Haliftx. 186 THE HARBOUES OP HALIFAX AND ^T. JOHN.Uc. off the town, U a ridge of j and eattward of the town i ^, and extend along the road I • wbi»h is estonriTe Granberry addy, «nd Nortb-eaat firom the beaooB light, jiMI coTered at. 3 hoar*' floods 4rom (his rid| flats of sand and mnd, irhiol|,^.lit low wi Point, stretohing 6ff about a cables' length. "The bottom, for severftl aules to the soutttward of Partridge Island, is the depths gradual, from 7 to 20 fathoms, affording exoellent anehorage; tl^e passage westwsrd of this island has in it 10 feet ; thai to the eastward has 10 feet; w id abreast of the oitr are from 7 to 13 fathoms. A breakwater has b«en ereoted on the eastern side of the entrance to th^ harboui;) bdow the town, for the purpose of rednoing me inset 0f the i^ especiallj daring a s(i|UtherlT gale. r L •■ Ther CITY OF ST. JDHN sUnds on the Rivlfr St John nesr ite mouth; a^d oarries on a eonsideraUe txadf, and many ships are j ' Talbable flsherr, wherej large qaantities of aali exportation. In the moet serere winlterit is ' eountiy ne,and the city, hthouse. pwn of St. John, is over th botind up the river, ghi and ougfa* the {raUy gof the narrow diaunel of 80 yards in breadth, and aboutUOO long. This channel is Straight, and a ridge of rooks so extends across it as to retaid the fresh water of the riv^r. Th% jtommon tides flowing here about 20 feet, at low Mtter the level of the river |Ui about 12 feet higher than that of the sea; and, at high Water, the level of the sealis from to 8 feet higher than that of the rivw; so thUtl, in isvery tide, there are t#o fills, one outward and one inward. The only time of passing this place is when the #ator of the river is level with the water of the sea, woioh isTtwice in a tide; and tl)is| oppor- tunity of passing eontinues not above 10 minutes: ak all other tiqtes it is impiMable, or extremdy dangerous. After passing the Falls, jbu enter into a gullet, which is •bout a quarter M a mile wide, mi two miles long, winding in several Courses, and having about 16 fktboms in the channel Having passed this guUet, you entw a fine largo basin 1^ miles wide, and Sjovlee long, whioh eniers the main river. ; The| river branches some hundreds of miks up, in a serpentine manner, and runs th country which abohnds with timber, coal, limestone, and qiany other minerals the surrounding lands are now becoming highly cultivated. There is water ei to navigate vessds of 50 tons as high as Frederiditon,land in all the branches lakes adiaoent, except in drv seasons. At times of (j^at freshes, which gei happen between the beginning of April and the middl^ of May, from the meli the snow, the Falls ars absolutely impassable to vesser tide does not rise to tbefar. level. ^ The following direottoos for St John's Harbour and fow year* since by Mr. Backhouse. It should be mentioi survey it would appear that die passsge on the east aid best, there being in the other only 7 to 12 feet, and soi low tide. ' , " Whm yon make Meogenes Island, or Partridge tde,so as to be distinguish] fiom.the Bghthotue OD the latter, then make a signal for a pUot and the intelligepi from Partridge Island will be imoMdiAtely communicated to the City of St. Job whence a pilot will join you. Should the wind be eontrary, or any other -ojbstriietic meet you, to proven^ your obtaining the harbour that tidk you may shU in betweei the 8.W. end of Meogenes IsUnd and the main, or between the N.E. ead and 4he^ main, and come to anchor in 4>pt4i htboma at low water, mud and sandy bottom, The nuuk for the best anchoring 'ground here is, to bijiug the three bills in the country to the N.E. in a line within Bocky Point Island,* island to bear S.EbTS. , . Should the tide of ebb' have taken place at the bei means, attempt to gain the harjbour that tide, but wait the bar, as both sides of thov entrance of this harbouc dry kt low water; and the tide of ebb is so rapid in leogenes Bay were written i id that fH>m Gaptoin Owen's of Partridge Island is the 6hoal spots of kss watei^ at da the house on Meogenes pn, you must not, by any \ next half flood, to go over nothing but sharp rocks spring, when the ice 4 ,^ca Book. Ittoi •k a oabU'a Mpgth linai the point, tad mm j/sastAf naafMd die Shag ':t..r?*'rT«^.'!W!*TfT»^Fr" -'^^fKfvminwpn^'' THE HARBOURS OV HaLiFAX AND ST. JOHN, *c. iVtl Md snow an diMoW«d, that aU ih^ meVon on Iward wUl not hold tb« diip from ^Onthe Not* 8coti» aide of the Bay of Fundy. you* aoundinge wiU he from «» to 80, 70, 80, to »5 fathoms ; stones like heani, and ooarse sand ; and as yon draw ttf IW northward, the quality of the ground wiU ilter to a fine sand, and some nnaJl shells with hlack suecks. Approaob no nearer to the south shore than in 60 fathoms; and. M you edge ^ to thJ^.W. and W.^-W., you wiU i»ll off the bank, »nd hare no "** Whin^ou haTO passfid Meo^nea Island, edge inshore towaidsRoeky Point, ^until \ Meocenes Point' (Negro U«ad) is in a line oWer the N. W: comer of Meogfenes Island ; sailing in between Rooky Point, and Partriflge Island, with these marks in one, will lead you in the beet water over the bar, (9 to 15 feeg untd you open Point liispiek to the northward of the tew point on Pariridge Island; thenstarhoard your holm, and edge toward Thompson's Point, until thd red store, at the south end of St. John s, is in a line OTer the beacon ; keep them in on4 nntU you pass the beacon at a disUnoe of a ship's breadth; then haul up N.N.W. xii the harbour, keeping the hlockhonse, at the upper part of the harbour, open to thS westward of the kino's store, utuatM close to the water side, which will lead you, id mid-channel, up to the wharTe^whero Ydu may lie aground dry, at half-tide, and clAan your ships bottom, or lie afloM m- the stream at single anchor, with a hawser faJft to the poato of the wbarres on shore. — N.B. The tide of flood here is weak, but theWbb^nula Tery rapidly all ttie way down paM Meogenes Island." \ ' .. . . , t\. a -tb^ following dictions are baaed on the \ details of the sunreyof I^ieutonanto Harding uid Kortright, acting under the ordels of Captain W. F. W. Owta, of the RoTal NaTT, in 184A. A. . . - ,' ~ -r «« i i. » When running for St. John's atoid the roAyledgp running off Inner Iffispiok Point, the eastern side of the entrance, to tbe dlstano^*iO| >«blea length, an4 which is steep-to, with 30 to 40 feet dose off; add having brSaght the atoiw barracks in one with the Wesleyan Chapel,* at the back J»f the town, bearing N. f E., steer in with this mark on, and it will carry you oukide of the shoal Water extending from the eastern side of Partridge Island.^' Whin Carleton Church comes in one jrith the:xjliff end, (the termination of the cliffs fortning Negro Point,) bearing about iNW 4N you must change your course to this oireetion, and itwUl lead you m» from iV to 22 feet at 14 cables' length to the nortUward of the shoal ^ound extodd^ Iff between Partridge Island and Negro Point Cdntinue in this direction until the bJow churoh at the back of the towwoomes^n the tod of the breakwaiter, wbeMMi must run up with this mark past the beacon-%ht inti^ the harbour. When just above the heacon:iight steer N. by W. or N. by WiiW.,\and anchor off the town. Be >ca#eful to keep the lead going when following (bese dil;eouons, that you d* not strike onl the shoal spoto. \,."~.i.i •\-j# To the north-eastward of the beacon^light, mi just off th^ town, ui\ • ndge pi sks which is coveted at 2 hourt' flood. Froip thia ridge, and eastward ofi the town, (6Te is an extensiTe flat of mud and sand which dries at low Water; tms extends «iong the coast to Cranberry Point, and runs aboM 2 cables' length from\the shore. Cranberry Point is cliflfy, and has some rooks runntog off it. \ \ It is high water on the days of full and change at lib. 44m. ; spnhg-tides nse 28 to 26 feet, and neaps 21 to 28 faet. A *^, , i j iw- 1 u SioMAts.— The following signals are displayed at Artridge Island, on the. Approach of vessels to the harbour of St John: — \ ^ ' One ball cW for \ equare-ngged vessel. One ball half-^oiated for 2^ " Two balls do^ for SV Two balls sej^arated for 41 ... A pendant of any colour for 6\ „ A pendant Didder a ball for 6 A pendant over a hall half-hoisted for ... T i „ A pendant under tifo baUa dose for ^ \ " A pendant under two balls separated for... I „ A flag of any colour for ;. 10 orfnore „ ^^ K.E. put of the town. , V --'WSir^^'^'W?" ^''.^'l^iWaWWS^ ''^:''*ji?n7wr»r»^i-w»t**T«£tw5*wi^^ "», ■ Tl!lE HABBOUBS Of. HALIFAX AND JBT. JOHN. Ac. ^ vboT* «« «ipl»rad aft til* 6Mt or wMt 7«rd.vm. aooording to tiio diraetion In, ,MptiTO odbuM wUl bo hoiitod «t the nut-hood in tho following ofdorT-*^ ' - A onion Jodk, with • whito pondant OTor. . . for a amall armed veuel i A,Wa*p*ndant , merchant ship. Ai«lditto .^..^.„. jA :. „ mewhant brig. ^» i^. ^^^H!^^^^^ • .. foreign Tee^. ' Afbit*^tto(wlttiout*baU) top-Haa«ohooneror«lo«ip. vA nq nag, ptatrood white . it.........;... , „ steamboat from St And^w'a and ilSltJili?!^^ ." ^SfSTonahoreorindietrwa. h^i^J^pL^^Sl^i^fT'*^^' ^^' ^J*^^"^- I» fmy weatheifa gun #ill * ?**' '^™*P"!? pandant wiU bo dispIaTod at a yard-arm in the plaoe of a ball. 2^*&i?*J[?"K •"rf<"' '^^ T?*«> •» Ox«»t n how» 0" tho>orf,ind about ^ S i"!:r** Y'T' ""i?" *•••"* PM«A1« tour Umes in twentr-four hours, about 10 or «LmlII!!?SfTw"""" J^ "?"' ™i* "" ^* «»'•"• ■• »"«•» «i?p«ndMn the floods in Sf vT2^^"^J f"^ *••• **?• *' "«•» ^i^' <» '"" «»•. *"«h »■ often hastened / ^.irff^?'**^ *"?"*?**'*'<"**"*''• •»•'?'»*'>' ♦hem. / A fcA^--SLir^^i®L?'jfff*T *"*"*' " ^'^ ^'y* *° *Woh the depth is« an^ irilS^^'* ^iskitoaU Barbour, occasionally used by coasters, f-rom henc^ *^i!f^u t?** 2^ ^•*^- P*»in8Ne*fo Head and H^fway Point, (on whicK • wWto,horiioaW5A^.about re^ 22?SJS?TlfL7^Ji*S *"""*»'» ^•^^?^»^ .tloseoffOapoMusquSS ttto Split fioek. irift 8 fsihoma Tory nearly, ^ iook is iJarked by se^n wlS^Sls! ti^ d vHioh an distinctly viaiblo in. a distance of ^0 or 18 miles. • 7 .* »>". £,T»> V ", •* •;)' ■ '1. W ""ii v" .^' V -'•'1> ■»■ THE BNH. N — ...V / ■ •--^-T^- IN, Ac. th« diraetion ia^ • diatinguubMl, rdar :■(-* r doiip. Andraw't and iriqdistraM. ttaeif'a gun #111 • TetMl requin piNoe of a ball. It may be men- fiood, and about^ an, about 10 or »n tha floods in often hastened -N- '- J** ^t-.' .■ •\i »r^T^_7-T -y- , J. I depth it' 5 an^ I. from henM It, fon wbiob^is LO feet longi) to pe Musqu^ ie ren whitf balls, N rJJi> AV /« ^^ '^^ ■*-M NOM DE L EMPRUNTEUR Ce volurtie dolt ttri rendu h la demlire •* datelndlc|u<««««ou$. '-t^ ^ .f