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 UNIVERSAL Childhood drawn 
 
 TO CHRIST: 
 
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 WITH 
 
 AN APPENDIX 
 
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 H. P. BliAND. 
 
 TORONTO : 
 
 WILLIAM BRiaas. 
 
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 SERMON. 
 
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 fHESE ineiiioimb1yn)r<f « JiMun att«r«<l tn JeruMlem 
 A few flays mm He ■umtred He hftd thai 
 •olemn event fall before Him. Th* hour eo 
 frequently named by prophetic pa|^ wm at hand, 
 Calvary wa« hard by. The materials of the orosi 
 were already shaped. In less than a week. His body» 
 then in the fuUneii of youthful vigor, would undergo 
 death in its most exposed, most shameful, most excni- 
 oiating form. Jesus knew all this, and moment by 
 moment He was voluntarily and steadfastly appnMoh- 
 ingii 
 
 Certain Creeks having oome to JeruMlem to be in 
 readiness for the Feast of the Passover, expressed to 
 Philip a wish to " see Jesus." Possibly these Centile 
 proselytes to the Jewish faith were devout men, wait- 
 ing for " the consolation of Isnuj^L" Centiles from the 
 
 
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 fal lilt wIm bmii, *I IIi« dOinm«ii«?«m«ni of Chrkl't 
 tif« MOM lo Him. QmUim from ih« WmI mm§ki Hia 
 •I Hi itoa PIOUp ItlUih Aii<ir«w) Mi pafpte 
 An^raw Mi<l Phnip UiH Jmua.* GkoiitM tliitef imm, 
 bniughl IIU ffmn<i miMion vividlj btfotn Him. II 
 U nol aiUfl Ihal Ui«i clMiriMl itiUrvivw took pl^Mi. hill 
 II b mU<1 how Um orcMM In iU paijifuliiMii Mid gtory 
 gAiKerfMl ir^ioriMi from ih«i eirQumjii4uic« From lb* 
 piunfultuMM H« •hrmnk.— lo th« glory H« hanUmwI. 
 With til© one h« wm tfoubl«<i,— with thu other, m th« 
 fulrtlmnnt of th« Father'a oouivmI aocI thu MOomplUh* 
 m«ot of Hui mimion, H« wan abiMJrhingly t^nf^nmmd. 
 ** Now U my tout Inmhlod." U the latiguAge of the one 
 — " now i« the Juc%ment of thU world , now shall the 
 prinoe of tbi* world be oMt ool," U the txpreMion of 
 the other. And then embrmoing both Jew and Gentile 
 in Hit medimtori*! gaie-«oomprehen(fSng the paal. the 
 preeent, the future reeuiU of Hie oruoitliion, Ue uttered 
 the pregnant worde, " And I, if I be lifted op^ from the 
 l^dmw all men unto me." || 
 
 What doee Jeaue mean bjr thia lofty langnag* f Hla 
 uplifting will be- the meana of drawing all unto Him^ 
 not all men atrictly. bul all. The term '* men " being 
 Ml expletive. In whmt eonae are wo to undemtand 
 thia? 
 
 Let ua look at aome of the theoriea given in ezpUnaf- 
 
 Borne aay that the phraae ia a general one, and that 
 II aimply meana that Ohriat'a teaching and life haf» 
 an €Utraotion /or the entire race; — that Hia character 
 
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 JBJ^tlMm. •Hh«r imirt or Urn, ffvy c\»m oi md^y j , 
 UiAl il imiMittMpUbljr motiifU md trnkmiUkm, Ukd 
 fvtiaM «tt4 ntimiblM ihm tncMi dbdortUfil •l«iiittiilii 
 Hiftl H Wiftv«% otti ^ lb« vlk^ Md m<Mi 4iv«ft« 
 mAUriAl«» * klnffly w«b of flory And oi hmu^, 
 ** WKalwwvtr Uiittg* M« Ihm. whAteotv^r Ihingtm, 
 
 •r« port, whfttwMVM ihiiifi Af« tov«ijr, wbalMMvcr 
 Ihlniri ikr« of g^KKi raport." Anil Ihnlr AoUioHly. mi4 
 •nfuroemtai. And •lemplifloAiion In Ui« lif« and diiAUl 
 of Jmim. If«n AT* turning Mide to An flEt«nt n«v«r 
 Morm known, to ''gnM** upon " ibia griMii tight.'* 
 8otii« critically, ■omn wondoringly, •otu« admiringly* 
 •oinn lovingly. What niillicmii of ayM am joiit now 
 gaaing upon thu orucifled Naxaf«nfi 1 Thi«. th«y tay. 
 Li what ('hrint m^mtm by drawing all unto Hiin. 
 
 Tho «tat«mont in literally and beautifully true, tliat 
 Jeaua. tha uplifted One tj strangely moving the world, 
 Iral thb faiia to meat tha raquiremanta of the text 
 Ohriat Miy^ oU mo to be drawn to Him— tha •zptmc 
 ■loD it too nntTMlal and poaititi to admit of Qioditap 
 tlon. . ** 
 
 Again, ibme tay that Jeana maana M Bi§ oftoMti 
 <m4», ail who will absolutely oome by tha irreaiatibia 
 oompulaion oi eovereign grace. The notion of 1^ 
 limited atonement ia becoming Inoreaaingly and da- 
 aarvedly unpopular. It cannot live, except by a 
 strange prooow of mental reservation, in these evaa* 
 geliatio days. Men who have been accustomed to 
 hold it» have either loat faith in it, or find it to ba so 
 
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 nmeli in the way of the offer oJP a free advalloii that 
 they say nothing about it It would be an incon- 
 •iatenoy and an^ offence to make the " water of life " 
 aooeesible only to a few. Jeeus could not use the 
 term oil in such a sense. « 
 
 Some again try to giye harmony to the text by 
 taying, that Ohriit i§ drcnoing and vnll eventually 
 . draw allvna eenae auffioimtly extensive to warra/nt the 
 tlrong term used. The earth shall yet be " full of the 
 kflitledge of the Lord" ** Holiness " shall be written 
 n](k>ii ^' the bells of the horses/' commerce shall be con* 
 ■eettted» traffic hallowed, the sumptuous earth, in its 
 ,oontinent|;fnd islands, a Sabbatic scene of harmony, 
 oonti^tmJ^l^d joy. While subscribing heartily to 
 thill MeW, peidimnot admit it as sufficiently meeting 
 th^ihsquirement of the text We have no authority 
 fof reducing the universality of the term there employ- 
 ed^ if there is a sense in which it can be legitimately 
 
 Some say, jeeue draws ail to Him vn the wwy of 
 snUghtenmeTU, He being "the true Light, which 
 -lighteth Bvery man that obmeth into the world.*' 
 StricUynmie as/b fact, but not, we think, in this case to 
 the p<nnt To enlighten and to draw are two distinct 
 terms. Ttie one Is to shed light, to reveal, to oonsti- 
 Inter^sponsibility^the other is to pull toward an object 
 is a net ia dra^ to the shore, and it is in this sense 
 We conceive thai phrist uses the term in the text 
 
 Who, then, ll' the second place, are thus drawn, 
 'whad^may.we atippose to be the doctrine of the text-* 
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 fftll f " What all f It ifl dear thai ihis term do«f not 
 apply to adults, either men or women, neither of whom 
 can be said to be universally drawn to Christ. 
 
 But what should prevent it bein^ applied to infanU 
 all who are bom into the world — the entire of 
 humanity in the fi^t stage^if its existence 7 If it can, 
 and I know no vatid argumnit against it, the require- 
 ment of Ibhe text will be literally met, " And I, if I be 
 lifted up from the earth, will draw all unto me." 
 What reaaon then have we for mipposing that .this 
 term maybe applied to childhood ? 
 
 Our first reason is drawn from Romans 5. In i}m 
 vomarkable chapter the first \ Adam and the second 
 Adam are placed over againsi each other. ^ A parallel 
 is drawn between the first man\Adam, and the second 
 man, the Lord from l^eaven. I'hese two are placed 
 before us as the representative )ieads of the human 
 race. What they did touches the^ entire race, — the sin 
 of the one touches it, and tJbe righteousness of the other 
 touches it, and the righteousness reaches as far as the 
 sin. If the Apostle does not say this, his words are to 
 my mind inexplicable. " For, if through the ofience of 
 one many," or the many^ "be dead, much more the 
 grace of Qod," &c. Evidently the ottmber injured and 
 ^e number benefited is precisely the same — the "many" 
 in each case. The '' many," the race, died, the " many/' 
 the race, have received " the grace of Qod," and "the 
 gift by grace " which restores to life. Tea, the Apostle 
 says tills grace "hath abounded/'— this grace is not 
 only co-eXtensive with the d^th and counteracts it, 
 
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 but it tiiperaboanda and overflows. And it is obverv- 
 able that the Apostle ia here speaking, not of the con- 
 ditional benefits of the Atonement, those which come 
 to man on repentance and faith, but of the unoaTuU" 
 Honal» those which affect the race before accountability 
 begins. His argument is, if infancy be dead through 
 Adam, infancy receives the gift of grace through Jesus 
 Christ In verse 17, he puts the argument in another 
 form. In verse 15, he shows that the number benefited 
 is as lai^e as the number injured ; in verse 17, he shows 
 that the dominion of death is counteracted by the 
 dominion of life. " For if by one man's offence ieaih 
 reigned by one ; much more," &c If this does n ot 
 mean that the life by Jesus annuls the death by Adam, 
 what are we to understand by it ? Ver. 18 puts the 
 same in different and, if possible, stronger language, 
 " Therefore, as by the offence of one," &c The " offence " 
 of Adam brought '' condemnation *' to aJl — ^the " right- 
 eousness " of Christ has brought "justification," to all, 
 and not justification merely, not simple acqmj^tal from 
 Adam's sin, but " justification of life ; " aa/the first 
 Adam brought a principle of death, so the second im- 
 parts a prindj^le of life: Verse 19 is equally conclu- 
 sive, " For by one man's disobediaaoe many," the many 
 '* were made sinners,*' &c, accoiinted sinful,' though 
 as yet they had committed no anHrVial offence, " So by 
 the obedience of one sHall many," the very same many 
 just named, " be made righteous,fi.0. treated and dealt 
 with as righteous, though, as yet, through tendemetia 
 of age they aieimable to trust in Christ as their per^ 
 sdnal Savioar^ 3^ 
 
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 Ifl not this, then, tlieontoome of the Apostle*! liga- 
 ment? Children are constituted sinners through 
 Adam — they are constituted righteous through Christ 
 — they die spiritually through the one, they live spirit- 
 ually through the other ; they are not merely justified 
 or acquitted, but they have a "justification of life." 
 Hence children dying, pass to heaven as a necessary 
 result of the work done for them, and done within 
 them by the death of Christ. Not merely are they 
 juetified, but made to ^t;^— their justification is to , 
 « life/* — were this not the case they would not be pre- / 
 pared for the life of holiness in heaven. / 
 
 In Matt 18. 2» we read that Jesus "called a lit^e ^ 
 child unto Him and set him in the midst of them," k>o. 
 One, doubtless, that was just able to walk, and 'yet. 
 not too large to be carried in the arms, for Mark says 
 in his description of the same transaction, " And when 
 He had taken him in His arms He said unto them, 
 'Verily I say unto you, except ye be converted and 
 become as little children, ye shall not enter into the 
 kingdom of Qod.' " As much as if Christ had said, 
 there is something in childhood piety so gentle, aq 
 sweet, so unassuming, so free from self and pride, that 
 except in this respect your heart shall resemble the 
 beart of a little child, ye cannot become subjects of my 
 kingdom. Verse 4 "Whosoever, therefore, shall 
 humble himself as^^ little child," referring to the 
 one which He held in ^is arms, ** is greatest in the 
 kingdom of Heaven." Is it possible to conceive that 
 Christ should hold up a being as a model for Chris- 
 
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 ilam, wbo hlimell was not a ChrisiUn ? Is it poMlbU 
 to conceive that the child which Jesus casually held in 
 Hia arms, and which he referred to as a typical diadple, 
 was not himself a disciple 7 The adult disciple, if he 
 would be great in the kingdom of heaven, must re- 
 semble the child disciple. Verse 6. ** And whosoever 
 shall receive." k^ Christ specially regards children as 
 His property, and wishep them to be received as such. 
 " In my name, recognise them as my representatives, 
 for whoso receiveth them, receiveth me." Not only 
 are adult disdplee to become like them, but adult dis- 
 ciples are to acknowledge and deal with them as justi- 
 fied and quickened by virtue of the Atonement of 
 Christ. 
 
 And this great work wrought for and in the child 
 forms one of the principal reasons for infant baptism. 
 The water sprinkled is the outward and visible sign of 
 the inward and spiritual grace already given — of %' 
 work already accomplished. The rite of baptibm ad- 
 mite to membership with the visible Church, one whom 
 Christ has already adopted and received. Both min- 
 isters and parents are apt to lose sight of this, and con- 
 sequently fail to extend to Christ's little ones suitable 
 spiritual shelter a^id training. 
 
 But Jesus said (Matt 19. 14)—" SuCer little chil- 
 dren, and forbid them not, to come unto me, foi^of such 
 is the kingdom of heaven." By the phrase "kingdom 
 of heayen,'^our Lord evidently means His own spirit- 
 ual ChoreL The analogy of passages confirms this 
 
 heaven is like to/ ingrain of 
 
 
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 moftaid Med/' kc UaAt IS. 81. " Th« kingdom of 
 hesvon k like unto leaven which a woman took and 
 hid in three meaenre^ of meal." If then little children 
 aro members of Christ's spiritual kingdom on earth, 
 and that such is ^e case He distinctly affirms, some 
 gracious change must have taken place within them. 
 By nature they are outside the kingdom, by grace they 
 are inside, constituent members of Christ's inyisible 
 Church'.* 
 
 In reply, then, to our first question Who are drawn f 
 We reply, children universally — ** for, as by one man's 
 disobedience ' the ' many were made sinners, so by the 
 obedience of one shall ' the ' many be made righteous.** 
 
 Our next question then is, How are they dra%Dn t 
 We reply, irresistibly, hy^he influence and action of 
 the Holy Spirit as the efficient Representative of the 
 Cross. During the years of accountability none are 
 drawn to Christ savingly, but by the exercise of 
 repentance and faith; but childhood being unac- 
 countable, and incapable of any active concurrence, is 
 drawn absolutely into saving contact with the Atone- 
 menfciX,-' ' ■ ■ ' . '' #■ ■••- ■• ;T'-:. 
 
 But. again. To what extent wre (hey drawn t Some 
 say, enUghtened merely, as we have already seen, 
 lliere must be, however, something more. than simple 
 illumination. Illumination implies a responsible agent 
 .^<me who can take advantage of the VgM ; 6hild]^»d 
 
 * See Wliedon and WfttMm inlodo ; alio Hibbard in bis admiiajbla 
 woik on Baligion^in Cbildbood, for a ftall ezpoaitioa of the paaia^ 
 jnit qnotod. 
 
 i- 
 
 
 
 
^u- 1 
 
 .^H^;: 
 
 14 unufoir. 
 
 \ 
 ii not fMpontible. uid, tbetvfore, it draium into liring 
 
 oonUot with Jesus. ** Soripiuro authoritj sottlM the 
 point, thftt M the child has a sinful nature, some change 
 mutt be wrought upon it to make it fit for the kingdom 
 of Qod if it diet, or to prepare it for right respontible 
 action if it lives, and that change it of the nature of 
 'Ufe, a quickening of our nature, not merely an 
 aoqoittal from the penalty or change of relation." * 
 
 One question further on thit part of the tubject 
 Whya^ they drawn f They are Ohrist's purchased 
 onee. He draws them to Himself by right of conquest 
 Tboy have not sinned actually, they are incapable of 
 ~If ;~iiid until they knowingly and willingly do wrong, 
 "of such is the kingdom of heaven." At Qod't 
 ^righteout" and divinely appointed "tervant," He 
 JuttiSet the " many." He sees of the " travail of Hit 
 tool and it tatitfied." Children are not only the herit« 
 age of parentt, but they are Hit heritage. We re- 
 member how many of thete rantomed onet die in 
 infancy, and we perceive how grandly it the prophecy 
 fnlfllled, "He thall divide ibe tpoil with the ttrong." 
 - We conceive, then, by way of recapitulation, thai 
 when Chritt taid, '^ And I; if I be lifted up from the 
 •arth, will draw all unto me," He had tpeoial refer- 
 ence to childhood — ^that the entire humanity of the 
 race, from the birth of the first child down to the very 
 Ifttett bom, comet within the saving attraction of tlie 
 . Qiott ; that at through the offence of one " the " many 
 . .. ■■.'',•' '■■•'... ■-. ■ .■ *■ • ■■ ' ■ ■ • . -.'.■' 
 
 '.'/■■ ■•■.■. • ■■ ■ ■ ■ ' ■ ■ -t, 
 
 \ 
 
•EBMOV. U 
 
 be dead, mttch more ibe R^^moe of Qod, and tbe gift of 
 graoe, Hhiob is by one man, Jemui Christ, hath abounded 
 unto "the" many. 
 
 If this, then, is the delightful and impressive doc- 
 trine of the text, we inquire, in the third place, what 
 are the practical questions to which it may legiti- 
 mately give rise ? 
 
 Palpably one ia. If all are drawn to Ohrid in child- 
 hood, i$ there a poenbiUty of their remaiwmg where 
 they are thtia dranvnt Tom over to Matt 18. 10. 
 ** Take heed that ye despise not," is., that ye do not 
 neglect, "one of these little ones ; for I say onto yon,, 
 that in heaven their angels," i.s., their departed spirits, 
 " do always behold the face of my Father which is in 
 heaven." The argument is this : neglect not the living 
 little ones, for such is the regard which Qod has to the 
 departed ones that He admits them into His immediate 
 presence. And then follows the beautiful parabl«of 
 the one lost sheep of childhood humanity which the 
 Good Shepherd finds and rejoices over. " Even so," 
 says Christ, evidently showing that by the lost sheep 
 He typifies thci child, " it is not the will of your 
 Father which is m heaven that one of these little ones 
 should perish." 
 
 If, then, Qod the Father, wills that the little <mea 
 shall not perish— if Qod the Son as the Qood Shepherd 
 hasBOught and saved them— if Christ as the second 
 Adam has removed the curse infiieted by the first, and 
 placed the little ones in a state of salvation, need we 
 ask if there is a possibility of tb^ur remaining in this 
 
 
 •A 
 
 ■ I 
 
,1 
 
 1« 
 
 iHMdii. 
 
 ■4 " 
 
 », ,; ■mm-' 
 
 t Hm Word of Ood, and ili« rsoord* of raU^iowi 
 tiii^^«i1on and moulding in all ages mj, **Tt»in up m 
 ohild in the way h« ihould go. and whan ha la old ha 
 wUl noi depart from it" «« AU Uiy Uiildren ahaU ba 
 tanght of the Lord, and great ahaU be the peace of thy 
 children." ^The proroiaa ia unto you and to your 
 children." . m 
 
 The poaaibility of childhood piety admita of multi> 
 plied illuatration. Prayer, faith, love, 
 stituent alementa of the reiigioua life, 
 child. 
 
 If, theo, all are drawn to Ohriat in 
 
 UMMliil poaaibility of their permanen 
 
 where they are thua drawn, upon wKom r$9U th^ 
 
 r€9p(ynMil/Uy of th^r wtt m remaviUngf 
 
 In the first instance upon the child himself. Who 
 can question the Divine intention and endowment who 
 haa a lively recollection of his own childhood experi- 
 ence, or of watching the forth-putting of religious Ufa 
 in others ? The child, even where there is no external 
 help, straggles in its own feeble, undeTel<^>ed way, 
 and ipmetimea under the moat unfavorable oircum- 
 
 aianoaa. 
 
 •' likt aa inlkiit erfiagln th« ni^t^ 
 ▲b inlkat oryiiif tot Um Ufht, 
 And whh no Uagaa^ but a ay,** 
 
 
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 t 
 
 
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 P '■' 
 
 . 
 
 1 
 • • 
 
 
 {■■' ' - 
 
 %b^ evincing tha axistanoa of the life 
 implanted. 
 
 Basponsibiliiy iJab rests upon ihe partoi A very 
 grave, but moat delightfnl responsibility. A parent^ 
 
 ■r ,-; . 
 
 ■'*1:-:;^. 
 
 •■^r 
 
I* 
 
 of ohildhood aIokmI a wUL Bal how f«w do Ihii fot> 
 Chrial I How few. «ven CkriAiian parents, work for 
 ihildhood pitijr or eipMi it I "A oonvertod ohild," lo 
 quota Uiigtiag« tm viguroim aa tni«, '* b to nmnjr p«r«iita 
 llk« an *pp^* ^^ ^^ ripened before iU time, they are 
 •fnud it ie unsound at the oore.** Gkmveniing with • 
 good man recently on thia aubjeot of ohildhood piety, 
 Iha raoMurk waa re^tfully made: "I wiah I h^l 
 known thia thirty yeara aga" The paat ia gone, lal 
 Hbm p r a a a nt be marked by large viewa of Ohriat'a deal« 
 with tha Tonnff. Tiaai tba *^M\A a« ^ <*litM 
 
 Jlilii TiliH til (Hilling tu Tiwil ITIi itilifftiiiT pH, llli 
 
 hia phyaioal, may be a tottering one. Don't qoaatio* 
 hia piety oo thai aooonni Adult Ohriatiana ■cMmi* 
 limaa blonder and err without iltogether aaerifldoiig 
 ,goiiviarting grace. Don't expeot more from theehild I 
 ' Ihan from tha man. Tha piety of the former ia child 
 pi«tj* ▼ery immatnra. Lai it ba dealt with and 
 0,-; . Joatired aa aueh. - '..>.- 7,:^.. , v. i- ;\ ■.",••♦■•' 
 
 Bcaponalbility alao reata npon the Chnreh in Ita 
 ^Aoaa» inatitatiofi% and arrangamentB. Tha Ohnroh 
 baa baan criminally donbtfol of the children. " 01b ' 
 ib«7 MTC too young, they don't underatand, l«l them 
 Ipraitawldlat'' Hiay do underatand a great deal mora 
 ^ ^llxNit apiritnal thinga tl^l thay h«T^,|^sredit for. If 
 ^^^^7^^ thaChiiroh on the aiithori^|r7:'^ 
 
 iitf Obriat^ andwa ncogniiatham aaaoehinthMbnniila^ 
 |f ^bifiilam, why ahoold not the Ohnroh keep ita ayi 
 /'./■^^im^huid nponihem, and Niain tham wha^ Ohria| 
 
 . ,, V,' km .1., ,»^ ,f * 
 
 
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.!/ 
 
 u 
 
 ^UUfON. 
 
 '1^ 
 
 hM pUoid lh«iii f Wlijr thould our yornig fwopto bt 
 pMrmiiied io nm *w»]r from God. till jmn of dkob** 
 iliMt Mid foU^tMtihci moiii ■uMtpUbU period of ihdr 
 •jiUi«no« f " Th«y that are planicMl in the h<HiM €i 
 lh« Lord* ehAll fluurijih in the oourte of our God." 
 Christ hae planted the tender one in Hiji Houee ; let it 
 be trained delioatelyt watched patiently, boroe with 
 ' eympathiaiiigly. and by and by it shall flouriiih in " Um 
 •oarta of our God'* , Ministers, parents. BabbathsMshoal 
 laaohers. members, all are responsible in keeping tha i 
 ehlld in the Ohoroh where Ohrist has placed him. 
 
 ^hir third and eloi^ question is, if all are drawn la 
 dbrist in childhood, and if there ii^^a possibility of their 
 lemaining where they are drawn, i/ ths mpanUum 
 tkauti taAe piac$ through the negieot qf the pa/rmU o^ 
 ih$ Ohwnh, «s tktrt not vi% the eetimaiion of Jetu§ ths 
 mia/Uing of §$rUHu/gu4it f On this point we are not 
 left to mere snppoaitioiL Touehing it Jesus has spoken 
 ▼ery plainly. "Taks heed that ye despise not," or 
 neglect, " one of these Uttle onea" ** Whoso shall re- 
 ceive one SQch little ohUd in my name reoeiveth M^" 
 Hairiog made little ^childrni members of His spiritoi^ 
 Ohoroh, He evfdently designs that they should be ra- 
 eogniied and treated as such by th^ officers and meoi* 
 bars of His Cborch visible. And He sb dearly ideii» 
 Mfies Himaetf with His child, that he distinctly affinn4 
 that whoso shall -reoeiyt^ the child In this sense reoeiTes 
 Him. Open the door of the Church to the child, and 
 the SaTioor will walk in with His UtUe-trepiesentatiTa. 
 And lest there shall h& a dispoiition to OTerlook th 
 
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lo aittmbk. He oiUni ih« ftftrfol warning, '* Whoso 
 ■il4U ofloid oiM of UiMo liUlo on««." M. forbid or throw 
 difloulUM In ito wmj, ** U w«r« b«it4»r for him thai m 
 milktoiia wor« hmngnd alioui hi« neck, and Uiat h« 
 w«r« drowned in the depth of the 
 
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 APPENDIX. 
 
 ditfdhood " b UMmghlf til Mid ekbormU, bal w«m of 
 
 bU sUUmMilc AT*, in my JodgmMil. o|mo to qntitioii. 
 
 I dMaor, flral. lo Om d«w birth in ilt jpwnmm and 
 
 ^4 CMidiliMi, M lk« KMnjiM pato ii On p. 7. w« mnd 
 
 Om d«w bifih ligiiillit • •▼•rywiMrt a oooMsioiM wotk 
 
 of ih« Spirit. appljinK tli# Wocd lo tww th« hanrt» 
 
 and eoadillofiwl apoo a pwwiiAl fy th in C^ On 
 
 p. a, tpMiklag of dnfal aind oompt homnn nataro, Iho 
 
 wrilar «ji. «* And thU ii tlie motml alato in whiai «ra 
 
 , IM born, and horn wbkh wa Mn bo doUTWod only by 
 
 £1 great ebnngo of ftho now blrtb," A aomowhat poor 
 k-oQt for those who die in infancy, idiocy, jind 
 .L_ bcathaniMn. nooa of whom can ozpaiionca the now 
 bifth in tho way conditjoaod by tho BMayiat Waa 
 Piter aonreet. when bo aaid lo CoraaUiis and bia Qon- 
 Ula Mnda. " In OTory nation bo that fcnvath Him, 
 iad workatb rigbttoniBiaa, la amptad wilb blmY'' 
 
 
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 ^A 
 
 ^ ,B* libfid Qiiiiiff ChrafTf i^ArilnM IctDgdoDi, doI ihoM 
 who have a ** oontdoiif work of the Spirit, applying 
 the Word to renew the heart, and conditioned upon a 
 personal faith in Ohritt," was prophecy correct when 
 
 < H Mid, that, "He shall divide ihe spoil with the 
 strong." (Isaiah 5a 18), and that niito Him "shall the 
 gathering of the people beT (Gea 49. 10). I feM^.' 
 that comparatively very few of the world's population 
 will enter the " twelve gates" of the ** New Jerusa- 
 
 ^ lam,^ if the new birth so conditioned is to be tha-^ 
 Shibboleth of admission^; wliil* retaining in its in-^~ 
 , tegrity the Methodist doctrine of the new birth, how 
 
 § ttoob the definition of the Bsasyist would hava 
 • been improved by Uie infusion of John Wesley's 
 
 ' '-o widenesB.* 
 
 * I demur, furlber, to the use wbioh the Essayist 
 makes of 1 Cor. 15. 21 ''In Adam all die," pL 12, 
 Paul's argument is, mortality through Adam,-^immor- 
 tality through Christ If spiritual death is the mean* 
 
 ing qI the first sentence, spiritual life must be the ; 
 
 ■ ;. ■• ■:■.:■„': > ■ -,/ ■- . .; : ^ \ . ,_, ' ^ " ;, _ •- ■ ■ ;; 
 
 *AeU 10. SS;— " Bui in mmry naiton h» 1^ furtih Bim mUl 
 wo rkH h rightMumufn "— '* He that fink nrvmncm God, h gfett, wlie, 
 good ; tho Qmim, End, and Qororaor of all fhingi ; uid, Moondly, 
 ft«ai.thii ftwfU ngaid of Him, aot milj AToids all known eiH, bat 
 aidnToon Moording to tho boot light ho has, to do all thinga walU 
 ^ odoqitel of FiM— Throngh Ohrist, though ho kdowa Htm not Tho 
 ■iiortion la expreoi, and admita of no oxeeption. Ha ia in tho favoor 
 of Ood, whothar Maying Hia ivrittan word and ordinanoia or not, 
 Kavarthalaaa, the edition of theaa ia an nnapeakabla blearing to 
 thoaa who were before, in aome meaanre, aooepted : otherwiae Ck>d would 
 BaTor haTO aent an angd frpm heafaa to diiaet pwmaliaa to St. Patar.** 
 — lf«ili|f'«Jf«<fa 
 
 ■m' 
 
 >v. 
 
 ir 
 
 
J 
 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 S8 
 
 ' i 
 
 ><■:■ 
 
 > • 
 
 t*.. . '" "^''i, 
 
 '%% .■^:;.. 
 
 jneaning of tli3 a«6oiid: "Evwi so i|i Christ shftli all be 
 made alive," which would be rank universalism. The 
 use which the writer makes on the same page, and on 
 p. 26, of Eph, % 8. is also questionable. When Paul 
 says, " And were by nature children of wrath even as 
 others," he is not referring to uncoi^scious childhood 
 or birth-sin, but as Adam Clarke pertinently observes 
 io " persons exposed to Ood's displeasure because of 
 .their sins." There may be transmitted depravity, 
 ^d transmitted guilt in the sense of exposure te 
 penalty, but there cannot be transmitted blameworthi- 
 ness. Until the child commit conscious sin he cannot- 
 in any sense be an " object of Divine wrath." , 
 
 I demur, also, to the application which the Bssayist, 
 p. 14, makes of Rom. 8th : " But when the command- 
 ment came, sin rose up into life and I died." " This," 
 says the writer, "is St Paul's presentation of what we 
 eM the imuMnncy of childhood." The context shows 
 that Paul meant the self-satisfied, Pharasaic formalist, 
 whose language to his neighbour, virtually had been, 
 " Stand by, for I am holier than thou," of which blind 
 stete he himself had been for many years a specimen 
 suddenly convinced of sin, and his spotless robes con- 
 verted into « rags,". The chapter is whoUy destitute 
 of proof that Paul had before him, what " we call the 
 innocency of childhood." The blindness of the for- 
 malist is there, but not the moral condition of the 
 onocmsdous child, - 
 
 Especially lio^idemiir^ to -^^ 
 method which the Essayist more than once Mopte 
 
 r "S* nw^*^ 
 
 ^«*r,i*i!»--i»TPT* 
 
 rl^' 
 
(pp. 18-16), in Msaming that " jiistifiosUon " aad 
 "life" through Ohrisi are sliioily oondiUoiuU. All 
 the bleflsings luuned by Paul in that magnificent para- 
 graph U> the Romans (v. 12-21), in whidh the second 
 Adam is set over against the first are said to come 
 ooly to those who have fulfilled the <sonditions,— they 
 do not come absolutely to the unoonseious child, only 
 to the eonsdoosly responsible one. and then only on 
 the fulfilment of certain conditions. " To interpret it 
 ^otherwise would be to make this passage teach abso* 
 lute universalism/' p. 23. The very thing that it ddet 
 teach in a modified form, so far as the irresponsible 
 im ooncenied. — condemnation to all, — ^"justification" 
 to' all through Ohrisi Methodism has nothing 
 to fear but everything to hope from the important 
 poeitioin in which Christ and Paul put unconscious 
 ehildhood. The reasoning pf the Essayist obliges him 
 in making the consequences of Ohrist's atonement 
 conditional, to make the consequences of Adam's sin 
 also conditional, for they stand in the same federal 
 category, and further leaves him without definite 
 satisfactbiy reply to the question, what ''becomes of 
 those who die ^fore moral life is fully and fairly de- 
 veloped ?" (p. 2a) As the sin of the first Adam has 
 touched tiiem, and the "justification" a&d/'life" of 
 the second are still out of their reach, their eternal 
 iifeity we are told, is among the secret things upon 
 which "God has given no revelation." (pp. 28-29) 
 Jjid yet Oirist said, " Take heed that ye despise not' 
 ime of these little ones; for I say unto you, thftt ia^ 
 
 mfi' 
 
 m 
 
'V^' > 
 
 
 
 
 ▲FFHrDIX. 
 
 
 
 ■ "'1 ' ' ' ^''fs 'ft.'^r-^ "> 
 
 heftven their angels," Uieir departed spirits, "do 
 always behold the faoe of My Father which is in 
 heavea" (Matt 18. 10.) The 'MiUle ones" are evi- 
 dently all right when they leave us. The Good Shep- 
 herd definitely illnmines their future, but who owns 
 those who may remain ? The Essayist seems at a loss 
 to know how to meet this, — ^he cannot speak with any 
 revealed certainty. But if the Good Shepherd does 
 not own these "lost sheep" of irresponsible humanity, 
 who does ? The " wolf L" Burely not ; and yet these 
 are the only claimants. 
 
 Onr Book of Discipline, p. tS, disUnoUy asserts: 
 " We hold that all childip^n, by virtue of the uncon- 
 ditional benefits of the Atonement, are members of 
 the kingdom of Qod, and therefore graoious|jy entitled 
 tobaptism." ' 
 
 Richard Watson says (Works iii p. 80V. "But as to 
 those 'infants' who die, doubtless Qod 'cuts short 
 His work,' as He does in Uiose adults whom He calls 
 away almost immediately on their conversion to Him- 
 self," thus pladlig the io^fant on the same platform 
 with the justified adult, as far as this two will admit 
 of being so placed. Again (vol. 10, p. 454): " All the 
 mystery in the case, therefore, arises from tiiis, that in 
 adults we see the free gift connected with its end, 
 actual justification, by acts of their own repentance 
 atid faith ; but as to infuits, we are not informed 
 by what process justificfnion, with its attendant 
 blessings, is actually, bestowed, though the words of 
 the appstle are enress, that tiirough ' the righteous* 
 
 .■I-*- 
 
 'W' 
 
 f 
 
 A-: 
 

 i 
 
 ■M' .. 
 
 -'■ ■/ 
 
 'mm of One/ they are eniiiled to ii" "It follows.. .V 
 that the Holy Spirit may be giyen to children ; that a 
 Divine and effectual influence may be exerted on 
 them, which, meeting with no voluntary reeistance, 
 •hall cure the spiritual death and corrupt tendencies of 
 , their nature," Ara»; • 
 
 ' Bev. Dr. Pope said, 12 years ago : "Christian bap- 
 tism is the seal and the pledge at the threshold of life, 
 of a Ohristian grace into which Wb are IxynL** 
 
 i:.' Christ's Incarnation shows Qod taki^ held ofmam^ 
 — Christ's death on the cross as an atonement for sin, 
 shows universal man down to the end of time taMfng 
 holdofQi>d, "And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, 
 will dhiw — tt«(ww— all unto me." Bvery one before 
 he actually sins is drawn savingly to Christ "The 
 love of Christ oonstraineth us ; because we thus judge, 
 that if one died for all, then were all dead " (2 Cor. 5. 
 14); or, according to the most approved rendering, 
 " then all died." That is. the demand of the law was 
 met, — ^it had no further hold upon them, — ^they were 
 free from its condemnation. So far as the sin of 
 Adam affects the race in its irresponsible condition,our 
 Divine Representative has met it absolutely and nn* 
 oonditionally,-^l are free from its condemnation,— 
 dead to that, until they actually sin themselves. In< 
 the late Franco-Qerman war, all the Qermans in Eng- 
 land that were eligible, were called upon to serve in 
 the Geraian army. One, seeing his Qerman friend 
 Iralkiog about the streets of London, asked him how 
 
 ^ was that he was not gtmeto the wai: I "Oh," he n-" 
 
 « 
 
 ■ *■ 
 
 -4— 
 
*ni 
 
 APFBKOIX. 
 
 IT 
 
 * 1 ^ 
 
 ■1 
 
 
 plied, "beoaoM I am deacL" "Ton ajredeAd," wsif iht 
 answer, " explain yourself." ** Well," he said, **! did 
 not want to go to the war, and I found a young man 
 who was willing to go as my substitute, — he wefiit in- 
 stead of me, — he took my plaoe, and was killed. Now 
 that WB$ counted just the same as though I ha^ been 
 killed, and so I am considered a dead man, and they 
 can never take me to be a soldier any mota" In this 
 sense.^'we conceive, ohr Great Representative took the 
 place of the race, — in His death, all die. The /law has 
 no further demand^ upon them, — they are aWlutely 
 the property of Christ, — ** redeemed" — widil they 
 actually and wilfully sin, and then, " if any man sin 
 we have an Advocate with the Father, Jesus Oirist the 
 Righteous." The Atonement of Jesus so /covers the 
 case of the actual offender, that if he repent and be- 
 lieve in Christ, Qod is " faithful and just /to foi^ve " 
 him. ■:^':- 
 
 That theory of an Atonement, which ^ds no cer- 
 tain place, in it for the irresponsible, whether living 
 or dying, — which has to leave them in a dense fog of 
 uncertainty, until " the first dawn of moral life " is 
 presumptively defective^ / 
 
 But is there any necessity for the but-cropping of 
 evil as the will of the responsible child/ begins to play, 
 '— is there any necessity for the downward tendency 
 which still exists, to gain the upper / hand,-^f or the 
 dawning reason of the child to choose the "broad 
 way" in preference to the "narroW one f By no 
 The Essayist (p. 29), 
 
 P 
 
 
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 .- I 
 
 • %fe.„__i^, 
 
 Ll^I^MlM^ifeiSiii 
 
 r"»^Jrt*»%*, 
 

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 ?. . i . 
 
 
 * ■ 
 
 VkA looh most likely will be the tendeney, if the {Mraii 
 •nd the minister think it nMi«<.— thmt S*tan holde 
 the immortal property and not Ghriftt, but inatanoM 
 can easily be found,— fairiUy aUve as the Church is to 
 her duty and privileges in thii respect,— wheie those 
 who hare been " planted " by careful parental culture 
 "in the house of the Lord," have intelligenUy flour- 
 iflhed « in the courts of our Qod." John Baptist was 
 •' fiUed with the Holy Qhost froni his mother's womK*^ 
 While ocmversing not long ago with a thoughtful 
 
 Methodisi lady, with pleased surpriA she said. "It must 
 be so; my Hattie is a Christian." referring to her 
 five-year old child. - She tells me that she loves Jesusi 
 .She prays, and Uves like a Christian. I have no reason 
 to doubt her, and yet 1 have been looking for soma 
 •hMig* of a specially marked character." 
 
 The "justification and life " of childhood, may lead 
 under suitable parental training to a conscious and in- 
 telligent trust in Jesus. The regeneraUnn or new 
 Inrth of theadiilt Christian, are terms which canno| 
 properly be affiled to the unconscious child,— hence 
 in many, confusion of thought, but as the seed holds a 
 Uving principle, which, when suitably placed, develops 
 into a plant of symmetry and .fragrance, so the 
 embryotic life of the irresponsible child may effloresce 
 intp a <^e, Scriptuially defined. Christian life,sus. 
 tained by fluth in an apprehended Atonement, and 
 edified by the « Word that liveth and abideth for ever." 
 If the marics of the dew birth are there, are we to re- 
 fiidiate them bew of the spirit's wind 
 
■ft ** 
 
 '"^^ *'i-'5F^ 
 
 AFraWDIX. 
 
 doM not harmoiiln wHh our pfM(mMpy<m,-~lMmniM 
 it U the heartof a (t<tZ« Mtl<i that ia ''ofMned," Mid 
 not the demonetrfttive timnaform*tion of » prodigal 
 yonthl 
 
 A gentleman, inapeotinjif a large ^ann in England, 
 wae eepedally impreeaed with the excellence of the 
 ■heap ; with great earnestneas he aaid to his ftriend, 
 the owner, " Do tell me how yqu manage to raise such 
 ■plendid-looking sheep as theae 7" Hia anawer waa, 
 ^I take ckn of my lamba, air.'^" ' ■-•■■'■ ~^^ 
 
 Let Methodiam do thia with her Utile <mM, — let her 
 have faith in ikma and Hvm whoae porchaae they are. 
 —"Why ahonld the foe thy purohaae aeiae?"— and 
 their Divine lover, m a way unprecedented in her 
 hiatoiy, will make her ** righteonaneaa to go forth aa 
 brightneaa, and her aalvatiop aa a lamp that bumeth." 
 
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