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 I E M I E 
 
 OF 
 
 THE LATE CAPtAW 
 
 PliANCIS KAWDON MOIRA CEOZIEI?, 
 
 \U., F.K.S., F.R.A.S,, 
 
 OF 
 
 H. M. S. 
 T ERR O R . 
 
 DUBLIN: 
 
 PrinteJ for the Committee of the Crozier Memorial, 
 
 liY WILLIAM KIRKWOOD, 
 
 ORE At URC^SWICK-STREBT. 
 1869. 
 
 •m 
 
 
 -if 
 

 
 " r/<e North'imt Passage to the Indies! —that Golden Dream, 
 " as fatal to the English valour as the Guiana one to Spanish--^ 
 ^' and yet, hardly, hardly, to he regretted, ichen we remember the 
 *' seamanship, the science, the chivalry, the heroism unequalled in 
 ♦' the history of the English nation, ivhich it has called forth 
 " among those our later Arctic voyagers, who have combined the 
 " I- night-errantry of the middle age with the practical prudence 
 " of the modern, and dared for duly more than Cortes or Pizarro 
 '' dared for gold,'' 
 
 KlXGSLSY. 
 
.£■6 
 
 ME^MOIR 
 
 OF THE LATE 
 
 CAPTAIN F. R. M. CEOZIER, F.R.S., F.R.A.S. 
 
 0/ 11. M.S. Terror. 
 
 Captain Fijancis Rawdon Moira Crozier, R. N., F.R.S., 
 y. R. A.;S., was son of the late George Crozier, Esq., of Banbri(J;;c, 
 ill the County of Down, Ireland, and was born in that town in 
 Septemljer, 17i)(). He entered the Royal Navy in June, 1810, 
 as Midshipinan, and served successively in II. M. S. Hamadryad, 
 Briton, Meander, Queen Charlotte, and Dottrell. 
 
 Whilst in the Briton, under the command of Sir Thomas Staines, 
 he sailed to the Pacific; and in the year 1814 visited Pitcairn's 
 Island, when the interesting discovery was made, that the island 
 was peopled by the descendants of the Mutineers of H. M S. 
 Bounty, Captain Bligh. 
 
 In the year 1821, he was appointed to H. M. S. Fury, 
 and accompanied Sir W. E. Parry," in three, out of four of his 
 celebrated voyages to the Arctic regions. For these services Mr. 
 Crozier was made Lieutenant in 182G, and was employed as first- 
 lieutenant of the Stag, frigate, on the coasts of Spain and Portugal 
 until the year 1835. He then volunteered to act as first -lieutenant 
 
 ' I 
 
 27246 
 
of II. M. S. Cove, under the command of his old and valued 
 IViend and messmate Captain (now Admiral) Sir James Clark Ross, 
 when dispatched, in the dt'jjth of winter, across thc'Atlaniic 
 — a most arduous and hazardous service — to the assistance of the 
 AVhale ships frozen up in Davis's Straits. 
 
 On his return from this expedition, his reputation for science, 
 seamanship, and fertility of resource, procured for hina at once 
 promotion to the rank of Commander. 
 
 Captain Crozier, in H. M. S. Terror, again served as second 
 in command to Sir James Clark Ross, during the expedition sent 
 to the Antarctic IJegioLs, at the recommendation of the Royal 
 Society and Biitish Association, for the purpose of scientific 
 research and geographical discovery. For the first year's success- 
 ful operations of this voyage, he received the well-earned reward 
 of Post rank. The extremely valuable information obtained by 
 this expedition and the perilous adventures of those engaged 
 therein, are fully detailed in the published narrative of the 
 A'oyages of 11. M. S. Erebus and Terror. 
 
 Shortly after his return from the Antarctic Regions, the national 
 importance of having a further expedition to the Arctic seas, for 
 the discovery of the long sought North-west Passage j and for the 
 purpose of making magnetic and other scientific observations, was 
 strongly urged upon the Government by the Royal Society, the 
 IWitish Association, and other public bodies. In the Spring of 
 1845 it was determined to send out an expedition for this purpose. 
 Captain Crozier was privately oflered, by Lord Haddington, then 
 first Lord of the Admh'alty, the chief command, but this he de- 
 clined ; subsequently, however, at the urgent solicitation of his friend 
 Sii- John Fiaukllu — who fully appreciated his uobic character 
 
 V 
 
 s 
 
fe 
 
 and skilful seamanship — ho was induced to accept the post of 
 second in command, and as Captain of H. M. S. Terror, sailed 
 from the Thames on the 22nd May, *845, in company with 
 H. M. S. Erebus, Sir John Fraukiin. 
 
 Thanks to the untiring zeal and devotion of Lady Franklin, 
 it has recently been ascertained by Captain Francis Leopold 
 M'Clintock, R.N., of the Fox, that on the lamented death of Sir 
 John Franklin, in June, 1847, Captain Crozicr succeeded to tho 
 chief command, and promoted Commander Fitzjames, to be 
 Captain of the Erebus, as his second.— When compelled to 
 abandon the ships in 1848, he conducted the survivors to the 
 coast of America, and thence to the Great Fish River. 
 
 He was thus the first to prove a continuous water communi- 
 cation between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans— the long sought 
 for "North-west Passage,"— Captain M'Clure not having accom- 
 plished it until the year 1851; and Captain M'Clintock is the 
 person who has given us the knowledge of the circumstances, under 
 which the members of the Franklin Expedition, laid down their 
 lives in the completion of this crowning act of Arctic enterprise 
 and heroism . 
 
 In the Obituary of the Royal Society, Captain Crozier is 
 described as ' having been distinguished for devotion to his duties 
 " as an Officer, for zeal for the advancement of science — for his 
 " untiling assiduity — and for the exactness of his magnetic and 
 " other observations." 
 
 lu conclusion we may remark, that Captain Crozier was of an 
 amiable and cheerful disposition, and his unbending integrity and 
 tiuthfulncss, invariably won tho affection and respect of those ho 
 comnianded as well as the admiration and iinu friendship of all 
 
6 
 
 thoscofficers nnder whom he had served. Ills firm and unwavering 
 confidence in that Ahiiighty power, whose interposition had been 
 so frequently manifested in liis preservation through numberless 
 dangers — when no other power could save — enabled him at all 
 times to meet with calmness and firmness, every impending 
 danger. And we doubt not that bis Christian Faith — always 
 simple and sincere — was his comfort and source of peace in the last 
 sad moments of his existence.