IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 2r / .// / O % w.- w. C/j fA 1.0 I.I 141 jiM • 5 '""= 12.5 12.2 2.0 1.8 1.25 1.4 1.6 ^ 6" — ► V] (p // ^%'^' ^^:. . :^^, fe, # "^ v' ^' V F Photpgraphic Sciences Corporation # '^\ 4' ^^ O 6^ 33 WIST MAIN &T«fE1 WIBSTERNY MSM (716) 873-4}03 Ty i L^V f^a . p^«>-^. Ci . 1 f ^^ri?i-M.\V.HiI•t-^^vDcpt. PROVINCIAL. L.M3RARY VlCTOrtlA, Q. O. I i.JBMiiii|i4.lil .^I^SSSPE^T^fPC*" ■ ii:>i,. 'i A irm Wkinxk ^aUx ci^upplg. I?/E I» O K/T -: B Y :- THOS. A. BULKLEY CHIEF KNQINEER TO GOVERNMENT. ADDRESSED TO Clje goir, C^c Cljitf Cnmmissioner ai l^antrs it Wiaxh, BRITISH COLUMBIA. Dated, October 2Sih, 1872. PRINTED AT TIIE "VICTORIA DAILY STANDARD" OFFICE. / ^ 1872. i( r i te^.t^«ii^ «MiBMl|| 274:35 , .; ",:";::^V" ":ai., HE/^ ^.^5ftl^''^™ Scale 2 Inr.hos pfjwii One tlilliaPt, v\k:~ u f^*-*^. nw X -^v- /STATEfi Scale Hps p^ual (hwMih. '^ /r'/ ^H-- 12 S l3iS T /-'J IZff t26' 20 / 28 22 I /^A 'V I51S 7.(^ «? ^ ^b SCAi.£ 2 InchjRS aqnalOne^. kes equal One Mile^. /M 28 /Jtf 30(S^V /^«? ,31 \, \ I^WnV ^rj '.f I I ■-*•: ^ ■»« l; l. ■ ' ■ »• Tx;- cnpi pop ol)ti ifp selt ^<■.lla• niiut »..lt. Ill ore or lorence well UIK TIk iiUntindi tit SmIIm'1-1h liiv.ir III' the wor U obtaii Paisley llio lian iiH well P' P ■j?Ty-T5i5»!^g^f^j?^j^^Wo'>ww.')'!tTJS''7T^ -:f^ OFFICE OF CHIEF EXGIN^EER TO GOVERXME^fT, Victoria, British Columria. Unef Co The Hon. Geo. m WalkeM, Chief Commissiona' of Lands and Works, # Oho of tlie first questions requiring my attention, on entering upon my duties wnder tlie terms of your 1 Jtter of the 24th of April, wiis that of the Sujiply of Water to the City of Victoria. I have now the lionor to submit my report on the subject, together with tho ri'i'uU of my examinations, and Surveys, Phins and E.stimatos of the project, whicli I beg to recommend for your adoption. '*' '''buh'i'i.v"'" '^"'^ "'"^ ""'""^ In the absence of any specially expressed instructions, the reijuirements which I proposed to myself were as foUosva:— "A supply of water pure and soft, ample for existing requirements and capable of extonsion to meet the wants of such a coiisidcrnbly increased population as Victoria may reasonably expect. A supply which shall be constant and on the Ttigh Service System and obtained, if possible, by gravitation in preference to pumpinff. A supply to be obtained at tiie smallest cost compatible with efficiency ; if possible at such an estimate as will enable the project to be tinancially self'supportlng. \r.„,r^^m.ut 1,. ,.„„. M,.i rpji^ necessity for a supply of pure water is now, \ imagine, Tnore or less generally recognized; the advantage of "soft"' water, however, in pre* ference to "hard," on both hcalthi'ul and economical grounds, is noi as a rule so Well understood. The Report by tho General Hoard of Itcallh upon the supply of water to Loudon' abounds with evidence bearing upon this point. iuy.M„i,oit wut.r. -I'l. Sutherland in Ins evKienco states that ho liad exammod the works for the supply of Gorbals, Paisley and Sterling, in all of which the water is olitained from gathering groumls and thence distributed: all these waters aro deseriood as "rLMuarkably soft," Sterling water being only 1 degree of hanlness-, Paisley 2 dogrees, and Gorbals about flj degrees, "and to a pers(m accustomed to the hard water supply of r.ondou tho sensation in washing is, that it can bo dono as well without 8onp in toeao waters aa with soap in the London watijrs,"' VICTORIA, B. 0. fiiiiiWitirAliliiri' II- ■ iV-. ^ )\ . \tAi^^'tdt»ltiL 27439 ^UHM w ^wrr [2] Again he remarks : — "In those towns were « ^oft wnler supply has Ifttely been introduced, 1 fo'ind a deciied coTviciiou preriiiling among llie mediccl prnfi-ssion as to the sanitrtry Hdvanlages ot such waters, inefly on ine f^mund of their lulliieas. The c-viiicnce goes to prove (hat dysrepiic coinplaints diinioisb, that epidemici are leiis severe and less t'ntal, uiid that stuue and other cilculous dUeased are prevented. " Dr. Leech, of Glasgow, in the district supplicti by the Gorbuls (iravitation "Water-works, said : — do "My nllention has bppn called to the hearing of the queslioii of pure soft Witter supp'y on the pnblin health. The Gorbals water is very soft and pure. The new giupply has been introdneecj aliDut two yei.rj; but in consequence of the b:id w;Uir supply which existed ht-foie (he new water wns introduced, my < have become less frequent, especially thine attended by the deposition of gravel. .So far as exp-rlence has gone, my own opinion is, tliut dyspeptic complaints have become diininKhed in number. With liie liame rcserfalion as to time, it is tlio opitiiou of the medicil profe-ision that lever has numerically dimio- i-ihcd, and that the cafes that occur ara more amenable to Irjatmeut by the use of the soft wuier supp.y than they were wi'.h the furnier supply." And again, ■'I cannot therefore but e.xpresa my conviction that in all towns where it may be found necessary to to obtain ft new source of supply, this ev-'H-ncc as to the peculiar advantages of .»»// water in regaid to health should apjirt from the well kuuwu ecouomiu value of isuch water, exercise ((reat intlueuce in d^-ter- luiniug the selei tiou. '"• f.I!ur oi'^^t "'1;:"'" '" I)'-. IloUand, after describing a process in which he cmphiycl lime to effect the softening »f hard water, was (]uc8lionod as to whether it was worth wliilt) to go to so much trouble and expense lor the sake of obtaining sofc water; hi;j repl> was: — "Certainly, it is very well worth while; in fael, without liming, I consider the water quite unfit for drinking; lliough it varies in quality, it has genernlly a very perceptible taste and smell which tiie lime removes. Then as to soltiiess; I am charged .i'ts. a year for water (which is far too much), but, however. Avaler costs me say 8(/. a-week, but the so.ip for my family, in addition to that for dir washing sent no costs about li. Ctil. B week, or twice as much as the water. It is evident that by dIminiahiuK the haril> neiS ol llie water, and thereby the waste ot soap, I may easily save the ftm( unt of my waler-ratu in tli ii iirlicle aloi.'t. liisldcs that, 1 can wash comfortably with Noltcned water, but I cannot do so Willi uiiy ipuulity of soap with the water before it is limed, unless 1 have it boile'l to precipitate the chalk, which process is more expensive and troublesome. I should, however, much prefer being supplied with a water lit for ordinary domestic |iurposes, and, if necessary, paying more tor it. "Have you tried the diflVreiue of hard and soft water lor cookingV~I have not made «ny acciirftle ex- periments except as to tea making; I liiid iliat the water softened by means of oxalate ot ammonia extracts the strength of tea ulmosl twice as well ng when Imrd. I had tea made with equal quaniities of the lea', and equal <|uantitics of boiling water, with and without oxalate of ammonia. The Intusiun mude Willi water softened by tin; oxalate, was stronger and belter tiavoured, ftud had to be ililuted with the Atl iIih lis opini.ir' of in 01' the ft iinry disi i ev na exp' riecue r. Willi the c.illy liiiuiii- vuier supp.jr necessary to in reniiid to iuce iu ili.-i«r- em])loyo(! Iior it waa lining sot'c lite unfit for licli tijc lime ui, bowover, int; 8('iit on ug tlie liitril- 'into iii til 1 1 80 Willi uny bitlk, wli ell with u water Hccurntc ex* mill exinieta 9 of the leH', I iiMile Willi the Kililiiiuu -0, that wiib . » week. If Id. a w«ek , le'ng; » saring nearly equal to the water rate. It is not easy, however, to gtl tlies* savings effecleJ rep- iilnrly; it U apt to he forgotten, iiml cunnot well be left to the servaats. It would be far belter tu have • Witter originally soft, if it were prociirnble." Dr, Lyon Playfair. in the course ofliis evidonco, when asked etlier ho had do iiestic vo'.ae of soft ivahr, replied: Dr. Lytm Plajrliiir's pvjilenco US to till' iii>im'slii- viihio ,,, itic i , Tfi- •• ..i ..i.,.ft«-.it.r. wiictiier ho had round reason to rnodity his opinion as to the "I 'peak with the force of increased experience when I say ibal I formerly greatly nnderra'ed the »rl\ iDiHges of soft water. I need not alhida to the importance of soft water for wasliing further than to say 30 oz.s. of soap are consumed by every 100 pallona of Thames waiter befure it forms a hither filled for d>-terj;int purposes. The importance of soft water in cookinjt is 1>-8S obvious, but no less ascertained to exercise an important iiiHiicuce on the culinary art. Wiih repard to bealih, accurate i»hjerv '.ions have no', yi-i been made, especially with refereme to human suliji'cts, but, on aniina's, ilie effect of hard water ij very apparent. Horses have an instinctive love for soft water, and relu-ehard wner if they can possibly P'-t Hie foiiiier. Hard water produces a rough and staring coat on horses and renders them liable to gripes. l'.>!eons also refuse hard wa'er if they can obtain access to soft. ('Ie;5hjrii states, that hani water iu Minorca c;ui.-es diseases in the system of certain animals, e pecially sheep. ~o much are race horse:; in- fiuenced by the quality of the water that it is not unfr('(|iient to carry a supply of soft water to Ihe locality 11 which the race is to take place, lest their being only hard w.ter the horses should lose c ndiiion. Mr. YouHtt, ill his book called "The Horse," in remarking uprn the desirableness of soft waitT tor the hor-e, says, 'Instinct or experience has laade the horse iiimsflf conscious of thi.>, for he will never linuk hard water if he has .iccrss to soft; he will leave the most transparent water of the well for a river, I. though Ihe water may be lurbid, and even for the muddiest pool.' And again, in another place, he Bny, 'Hard water drawn freeh from the well will assuredly make the coat of a bcse unaccustomed to it f>ture, n;id will not unfrfquenlly griiie or further injure it.' " .Mr s...vor-. Kvi.ionr,. m to ^^[y. Alcxis Sovcr, the Well known cook, gave the result of fh.' vjilili- of soft WHiil . . . . .uiiiiaiypurpoficn. hls cxperience as being entirely in favor of soft water over hard f M- all culinary purposes. From experiments made by him it appeared that it roipiired one-fourth more time and fnel to cook vegetables or meat with hard than witli soft water; that hard water was ill adapted for making souds aud broths, tkat it was also very inferior in making bread and in brewing operations. TiUstly, in connection with the question of soft water, James Temple, Esq., ©t Paisley was examined, as follows: — Mr. Ti-mi.loii' ■■viili-iicp In " What experience has lliere been at Pais'ev of Ihe public use of waters f.ivir o( •■>rt (viiliT IVuni , J - " kttili>'iiiigni"iml» of difiiTent qiiililiesV— I'revioml;- to the introdujtiau of the new water ^upply, the waler u^ed was spring water ami river water. The spring water taken from the wells was very hard; the river water was comparatively soft, and was used for washing. A supply was afterwards obtained of yet softer water from (rathering grounds, the water at present io use being of only two de,{rees of hard- i.esj. An Act of Parliament was obtained to supply the town with river water, as being ninch softer than we I water, but on aiccrlaining that a alill soller waler might be procured, Ihe townspeople allowed the Art to expire without availing themselves of the powers conferred by it. This softer water, ubvaiucd from g.ithering g.viuuds, in now iu use, and is of two degrees of hardness. "What can you state us evidence of popular appreciation ot the softer water now supplied '.'—The popu- lar complaint is that it is sold ut too high a price, and they think it no crime to steal it, and they do Steal It whenever they can. ".May they hnvo well water or river water without stealing? — Yes ; they may. "This soft water ii, then, prefbrred to the well or river water? — Yes ; for every purpose. "Kor drinking? — Yes, for drinking parliculal} ; for myself, when I come to liondoD I tbiuk I ihall no get a good drink ot waler until 1 again return to Paisley. "Is the supply of water oonttant at Palalejr ?— Yei ; by gravitation. ■■I "Is the Si ft wntpr considerod superior for tea nnd wfltliing?— For te«, there is not a Udy !ti Piiifley *tio Would not dive testimony as to its superiority. We find also in wrtshiiig that we liHve h great suviiig not only of soap, but also of tlie wear and tear of clothei, from the greater rubbing occagione J b^ bard wiiter.' ' These opinions all tend to prove that were a plentiful snpply of soft water pro- curable at a mudcrate cost, the population of tliis city would not be backward in availing themselves of it in preforenco to the hard and frequently impure water from the generality of yard and garden wells. foaic ofhaniiRnn. The degrccs of hardness referred to, are in accordance with a scale devised by Professor Clarke and since generally adopted. Thus, by water described as of 1, 2, (J or 10 degrees of hardness is intended the hardening etfiot that would bo produced by dissolving respectively 1, 2, G or 10 grains of chalk in a gallon of water. frt^rrrJm vaJZlr,;.."' Tlio rcsult of an examination of various waters, was found by the "Board of Health" to be as follows:— No. of Specimens. | Well and Spring water 204 Iliver waters Ill Water from Surface Collection i 49 Average Hardness. 25° .80 13° .05 4° .94 Oanj fire prop] ^a ^vato i|^E mail >' ;in« •■; ahiu null. ';i and ' Qtiiintilv nf water miiihoil i« "XT'Itl 1 x aT_ i.* l t> i. _ ^ • 1 i._ i3K;iri.m,iiH.i..»cii..i Miuj-. \\ 1th regard, now, to the quantity of water requirtHl to render the supply "ample tor existing demands." In efitimating this 1 shall pro- bably be sutlkiontly accurate in assuming the existing population at five thousand, for which I propose to allow 25 gallons per head per ilay. The following taltlo gives sDine particulars rogarding the populations provided for and the water actually supplied by several existing v/ater companies ; Table of particulars regarding the delivery of several existing Water Cos. Name of Company. I'opiilatidii 8iip-l Viilentie of l'i(.ii': y.'),0^'2 I'aisiev t.'o 'J',1,000 lilasgow .North Co . do South or C bnls (irnvitaluin t St r ing Co or- 0.. 32f),000 "0,000 10,303 Noltinglinin (Jo ;ir>,ooo I'regton Co 78,000 '240,000 I'liiladelp'iift Cm Qii.inlity of water di"-,ijiiiin. of \vrtlH.250 do 45 do 3,832,500,000 do 32 do 917,000,000 do 32 do 48 HOT, 2115 do 13 do 248,2110,1100 do 10 do 277,4lin,uiM) lio < do 115 12 t. 22 i'l. 1,825,000,000 do 20 do 111- m KBls. II U do > c rcquirctlien tor our assumed population of hvc thou- sand, a daily supply of 125,000 gallons, which is equivalent to 45J millions of gal- uMifl per annum. T will return to the question of a future extension of the supply after explain ing the details of my project. A.iv,,„i„a:.,. "f "idKi, pro,- T],p ftdvaiitngos of "High Service" and a constant supplv are mri'" uiiJ 'VoiiKlant »up- ii i ' , i i • ii i i ,,iv •• now 80 well known that they are adopted in all new works, and introduced where practical in old works in favour of the intermittent system. ( i.torii. avoiaci. The advantages of a constant supply are manifold. The expense of cisterns and their attendant annoyance and impurities are avoided. "With cisterns of lead, exposed to the action of both air and water, poisoning is the result. While according to Dr. Angus Smith '"if wooden cisterns are used pure water can never be obtained. " ivuKonhig of th, w»t«r a«i. Again, with a constant supply, the leaden service pipes are always kept full and consequently free from air ; by this means the oxidisation of the lead and poisoning of the water is avoided. y-M m-^f 1 !' ^ iff- -Tif -w. mmm^r^^^ [6] ^•a 8«:tirijy againne Ore. Among tlic advantages of •'High Service" 18 that of greater security against fire. Fire puigs can be provided at certain known intorvalrf along the principal streets, and by means of a_hydrant, hose and nozzle, a high pres- sure jet of Avater can be obtained without the intervention of a fire engine. It is stated that, wfth proper arrangements, a jet may tlius be thrown on a house within two minutes of its being found to be on fire, while according to Mr. Braidwood it took on an aycrage in London "more than 20 minutes before an eno-ine can be brought to the spot and set to work at a fire, and more than 80 minutes in other towns." Surplus water at high prcB- A high pvcssure jct affords the easiest means of cleansing Hurc can Ijo utilized o« 11 ' ., -jii i r . • i^ mochanicai power. house Ironts, wuidows, sidc-wulks, a!id of watering tlio streets ; and with a high pressure, any surplus supply of water provides, at a small cost, a convenient mechanical power which can be utilized for turning lathes, chati" cutters, prii:ting and other small machines. Saving in .ervanta labor. Finally in this couutfy of high wftgcs and scarce servants it U ol no small importance to be able to command a constant supply of water in the upper part of the house without the labor of carrying it. '^''^'.".^"m.'" *''° •"""'''"* The great disadvantage of a supply of water by pumping as compared with a supply on the gravitation system, is that of expense ; and not so much the prime cost of engines and machinery as the continual expense of pump- ing and maintenance. Then the engines are liable to get out of order, and the result, unless they are in duplicate, is an interruption in the water supply. Again, pumping as a rule, necessitates either an intermittent supply or consi- derable expenditure in the construction ot distributing reservoire. oraTitating «y»tmn is the Tlicrc 18 no doubt thcu that {, high pressure supply of water rimpiMt, cheapeat an ^^^ ^^^^ gravitatiug systcm, provides the maximum of convenience at the minimum of cost for maintenance. In adopting iiic gruTit«iing j,i ordcr, howevci', to adopt this system, the following requin- BVBtcm certain thing! are i • i- ji 1 nicoiwar}-. mcuts must DC Satisfied : — 1. The reservoir or other source from which thcsupply is drawn, must be sufii- cicntly high to command the highest point of delivery within the town. 2. The supply pipe must be suOiciently strong to resist the pressnre of the required head, and ot sullicient size to deliver, under the pressure of such head, the maximum quantity of water required at any time during the day, virioua Boiircoa of Hii|ii>iy ju scckiiig for a supply uudcr thcsc conditions there may De grnrrally open tu un . , ii i. u xi Knginoor. 8^^!^ generally to bo tiiree sources open to one :— 1. From springs or wells, either ordinary or artesian. 2. From water of streams or rivers. 3. From the collection and storage of surface water, or rainfall. Well water, hard and im pure Under t"he Ist head may be classed the present insudicient supply to the town. A large proportion of houses have their own wells. In tho I [7] of gi'eatcr intervals high prctj- e, rown on a ng to Mr. before an e than 30 cleansing tering tho at a small thes, chatf rvantsit i* .ter in the imping as md not so 2 of punip- 3 they are or consi' y of water nvenionce iit Mii|>ply in lltlrllititU tu till' wiiiite of the tuwii. isufliciont ). In th<; Lying to the north-east of Victoria is a rising ground of gravelly water bearing formation ; on this the present "Spring Ridge Water Company" have established a small pumping engine, by which lyater id raised from a shaft and tunnel, and conveyed to town in wooden pipes. This Company does not appear to have received the entire support and con- fidence of the public. Possibly on account of the high charges levied. Possibly from the deficient quantity and inferior quality ot the water supplied. Possibly from the small amount of convenience attending its use. Probably from a com- bination of all three. *"'1lfrtg/';^T.,««m"u.,u!"''"'' There is no doubt that a small supply of good water might be obtained from this "Spring Ridge," but that it would be quite inadequate to our wants is evident from the fact that iu the summer months, wlien a pure supply of water is most required, the spring fails and the Company are obliged to draw upon what is known as Harris' Pond ; and any person who has noticed the appearance presented by the remains of this muddy peol in the monthsof August and September, will not wish me to look for an increased supply in that direction. From either source the Company has to contend against the great disadvantage of pumping ever gallon of water they deliver. Arttaian weiiB coniiderod. With rogard to artcsian wells, I have seen them urged more than once, by the loca^ press, as the means by which a cheap and abundant supply of water could probably best be obtained. One writer, I noticed, went so far as to urge the fact of an artesian bore in Chicago having struck water at a depth of one thousand two hundred feet, as a good reason for cur embarking in a similar undertaking hero. The fact is, that the success or failure of an artesian well is a quest'' •.. < -jpend- iiig upon tho geological formation of the district. Success depends upoa .uc exist- ence of a permeable, water bearing, stratum having an outcrop at some higher level, with a considerable surface exposed for tne absorption of the rainfall. This stratum being underlaid and overlaid by others of a clayey or impermeable nature. A well or bore is then sunk to tap tho water bearing stratum, and, when this is reached, the water is forcec! up hy the hydrostatic pressure due to the higher level at which the rainfall was collected. These conditions can only be fulfilled in a district composed of regularly stra- tified rocks of the Secondary or Tortiary formations. Whereas, here in Victoria, such strata as exist are broken through iu every direction by outcrops of volcanic or primary rocks. With reference, also, to time and cost, artesian wells, even in districts thorougly known, have frequently failed to answer expectations,^ II [ 8 ] That at Grcnellc was in progress for 10 years before water was struck; and that at Pas83', estimated at one year at a cost of £12,000, was only completed iu four vears at a cost of =£40,000. ''"trr"r:,"il;e'::ir "''"'■' I am of opinion, then, that we have no reasonable grounds for expecting success in siuking an artesian well for the purpose of obtaining a fiupply of water for this city. WM..r from uivrr.or uumng -\y^, (.q^q ng^t to tlio socoud sourco, viz I th J watcr of strcams streams is not avitiUl/le ,11 1 in our nnshbourhood. Or Hvcrs, and tiiis must bo m Its turn abandoned, as we caniioi be said to have any Rivers iiiour neighbouriiood, and such streams as exist, present little more than a dry bed tliroughout the su'.niuer months. Lastly, we have a source ol supply in the surface collection and storage of rainfall. ValT from (tntliwtng Kroundi or stirliico col From this source is derived the supply to the three towns ruref K^f/bi?" ^ mentioned on page one as specially remarkable for purity: and indeed all the recent supplies in Scotland and elsewhere are derived from lakes or gathering grounds. Dr. Paton's observations lead him to the conclusion that a supply of pure, so''t ■water for towns "can only be accomplished by collecting the water from high grounds formed of trap or primitive rock." *'"f™m Esther."' 6rou*d^ ^^'- ^^J'O" Playfair said:— "Thc practlcc is extending of taking water from 8;;rface drainage." "I have ftund surface waters decidedly softer than river waters," "I would f.ooner take the surface waters if you could take them from a large extent of hill ground away from habitations and consisting of non-calcareous for- mations." riaa adopts in oximining ];„ examining info this sourco my plan has been to ascertain Jhe various valleys, or natural lines of drainage debouching upon, or in the neigli- 1 ourhood of the city; and to trace these upwards with a viev; to finding some natural basin, at a suflicient elevation, in vdiich the maximum quantity of water could be collected and stored with the nnnimum amount of embanking. Varioufi lines of siirfitco •irainageinourncigiibor- Thosc various vallcys may be enumerated as follows ; — liuod, 1. O "Goldstream." "Colwood Stream — heading in Langford Lake." 3. "Millstream." 4. "Prospect Lake Valley" 5. "Deadman's River." 6. "Colquitz River." In Qoldstream there is n large supply of water of excellent quality. The dis- charge, however, is away from us into the Saanich Arm, and the valley offers no special facilities for the formatioa of a Btorajj;e reservoir. and that I ill four grounds Liiiiiug a f streams e cannot ;, present torage of •cc towns • purity : om lakes pure, sol't rom liiicli of taking m a larire reouii fur- ascertain he neigli- ing Bome of water % Millstrearu examined but docK not suit our require- The dis- offcre uo (3«id« jam and Langford J,, conncction witli thc sGcoiid Tallev, Goldatream might be Ijiko couiidcred and , i -i, . • i rejected. macle E valuublc Bource of supply. I3y intercepting the water at a distance of two or three miles up, the stream might be diverted into Langford Luke, and from that, as a storage reservoir, the water might be brought into town. This scheme, however, would involve at the outset a heavy expense, on account of some 9J miles ot iron conduit piiic, in addition to the two or three miiea of flume between (ioldstreani and the Lake. And I have not thought it necessary to go into details with regard to it. ''Millstream'' which empties into the head of Esquiraalt Harbor, has its source among the hills in the neighborhood of the Saanich Arm. A flume has been construced at its mouth, extending out to sufliciently deep water for a water schooner to lie alongside; by this means a eupply is obtained for the shii)Sof II, M Xavy. -By tracing up Millstream Valley about three miles n i «!levation of some 200 feet is obtained, but nt tiiis point the area of the watershed is somewhat limited, and considerable embanking would be required for the formation of a storage reservoir. Prospect Lake will not an- m Tr ii c Tt x t i t tT 11 1 ~,. bwer our puriwso. 1 lic Nallcy 01 1 Vospcct Lakc commences at llignlanu or Maltby's Lake; this discharges into Prospect Lake at a height of 150 leet above high water at Victoria. The waters of both overflow northwards into the Saanich Arm, and offer uo special facilities for the onject we have in view. Ijiadinan's River o(rer« a fine nn . !• i • xi ta i i Ti- m • 11 „ -uiipiy of water. llieucxton our list IS the Deadman s Kiver. Ihis valley heads on either side of the Green Mountain, and discharges into the north-west head of the Victoria Arm. Here is, undoubtedly, an extensive gatliering ground, which would furnish a very large supply ot excellent water. I was so pleased with what 1 saw of this valley that I devoted considerable time to its examination ; and, on tracing it upwards, found a convenient site for the construction of a dam a little below the junction of the waters of Tlietis Lake and Pikes Lake. See plan attached. By this means a large storage reservoir might be iHom, uniting the waters of Pikes Lakc and Thelis Lake, and the length of supply pipe required would be» roughly, about seven miles. However, upon making more detailed measurements I found that the dam would require to be some 490 feet long, by 49 feet high, involving rather heavy work. A very considerable track ol' land would be inundated by the reservoir, and the maximum elevation of uater obtained would not be more than about 159 feet above Victoria high water mark. DeHdu.an'« River abaudone,! Havliig at that tlmc asccrtaincd that more favourable condi- in favour of klk Lake , i.i- . -ii iii^ Valley. tions were t» be found in connection with lue next ami last mentioned source, I determined to abandon Deadniaii's Valley in favour of the Colquitz. This river, which empties into the north-east head of thc Victoria Arm, dorivet its water from several distinct giithering grounds. i«m jnujimi ^tV—- mmiim HI I 1 I 12 [10] ^"'(v^iii'liiTo.f.i.i'i!^""*' Firstly, from a line of surface drainage, heading in 'Lost Lake," at a height of 85 teet above IL W. 3.I., flowing on through "Swan Lake" at ft heiglit of 50 ioet, and joining the Colqnitz near Rowland's. Secondly, from a large tract of swamp land near Fiterre's farm. vniipy of Elk u.k.> i« tho Coiitinuii!!: to trace ^.ip the valley, the stream, after crossing l:;'!^.'"^.!"^^^^^ the West Sannich road, l»egins to rise rapidly, until, in the coun- try round IJeaver Lake and Klk Lake, we reaeluhe highest and most extensive por- tion of the gathering ground. This as you are are aware, is the source Avhich I have selected for our water supply. Burvey Tiirty. Ill Carrying out tbcprcliniinary examinations which I have roughly fiketchod above, it was necessary to engage the services of a small survey party. This party, with Mr Uobert lloinlray, surveyor in charge, was now placed in camp in the vicinity of Elk Lake, in order to complete the more detailed surveys which wore required. ''■" m lI'o."' "'"""" '" The height of the natural water level of Elk Lake, above appio.Nimate high water mark iu Victoria, was found to be 183 feet. *"uk"!L. ''"' ""■' """"' The area of tlie open watei-s of Elk Lake and Beaver Lake which are really one, although separated by a long stretch of willow swamp, is ati follows : Elk Lake 304 acres. Beaver Lake 18 " Total 412 " The mean depth is about 30 toet. Prweni o.ptii "f M- 'low Tjje dcptli, howcvcr, is a point which does not aft'ect the not iiiiicU JilTi'cl llieiiuoii- .• i- i ^ c .\ . .1 11.. ti..i.«f.»i.i.iy. question of supply, except so fur that, the greater the depth, the less is tho growth ol atquatic plants, and tho greater the probable purity of water However great the depth below the natural outlet or overflow, the water is not available unlens at considerable expense for pumping or tunnelling. Tho depth of water which can be obtained aboce tho natural outlet, is tho que>- tion which concerns us. *'"'ln.n. Tr c'nn".';",;:' loi'i Some distance below the open water of Beaver Lnko— at tho »I,a'wJKr.''"* '*''"' point shown en plan- -great natural facilities are presented for the construction of a masonry dam and waste weir. The overflow channel is very confined and runs over bed rock. wori.gi' rBurroir of MO MfM llcro at a vcry trifling cost for embanking, tho open waters of Klk Lake and Reaver Lake can be united and a magnificent storage reservoir formed with a surface urea of 589 acres, and a depth of 10 foet above the natural out- lot level. *"''"?.:bur,:'' '"'""•'*' Assuming that only six feet, out of those ton, arc avallablo for ■upply, this reservoir will have a capacity of over UG2 millio&s of galloni, or one v4.:^ ^.i-.; - • .■fet. m "Lost Lake" at r croBSUJg the couii- jnsivepor- our water ve roughly vey party, id in camp reys which ake, above mver Lake v^aiup, is UH t aftect the e deptli, the y of water, water is not is the quet' ake— at the ^('80 n tod for unci IB very open water;! j^o reservoir natural out- available tor loiid, or ODO wii'iiii imm N^VI WASTE wcm Hvom. •RMll #1 (iiipuiiBWiiwwi luwiiwaironBiMWiB 1 VICTORIA WATER SUPPLY Compttrativp Spctiftiis of /Jams. Re/errert fo m.Mr. Itulkliy's lU-port. \ SICTIOM ON LINE OF DAM iiiLUiMAss nivim. lUiUim l,mr ll'i f'tl Hnri'.onhtf Sriitf liKH'i'tt in mu'liii-ti A i a»i>etto" A fi lir' 'if N^VI SECTION OM UNC OF DAM AND WASTE WEIR AT ELK t.iKi: sTOitAoi: iiBsmoiit. CAST SIDlOflAHl I Itnliimlin-nM-'rl (SlI/DVil ) (2, Tdc^/f^L^^ / s: year s b\ (100,00( It I quality direct f W.itcr cam be IaKu aiiwt. fiatisiac tuiiueli: having bulk, a bottle, outlet, peaty r putrify So ()li|m>t rtiniiii on tlie safe side, I will estimate It nt only 24 inches ; of which, having regard to «7HU»Ml'ro".t"r'H'I.M".'' '' the rocky character of tlie gatliering ground, I asBurae 75 per cent, to 1)0 available, or, in other words, that of the two feet of rainfall, one pud a lialf feet iinds its way into our storage reservoir; exeptiiig the fall over the reservoir itsplf, of which, the whole is available for storage. AVith regard to the amount of water annually lost by evaporation; no data have '.*s yet been generally accepted from which this can be accurately ascertained. In tropical climates evaporation lias been recorded as high as tive feet in the year. Que authority has stated tliat, in temperate climates, the loss by evaporation may be assumed to be counterbalanced by the deposit of dew. Mr. llawksley states that the loss by evaporation varies between and 16 inches. * 'Tr Mv!*^,^!!7i^,'r."il''*■'r-' '^'^ bc agalu on the safe side, I estimate the loss in each year, i'.".kt.'ii..""""'' """" ' fi'^^'i' the proposed rcborvoir, by evaporation and leakage, at 24 inches, or equivalent to the rainfall over the same area. So that to allow for eva[)oration it will be fuflicient to omit the reservoir from the area of the gathering ground. .ni.HjVnr^lMlwiirHUtrnl! Pcductiiig, tliorcfore, 589 acres from 2,610 acres, we have a gatlieriiig ground of 2,027 acres, with an available rainfall of 18 inches, yielding a supply in each year of over 827 millions of gallons, w'th a mean elevation ot '*M.''iir"'i''uM".'("!iK'l,"t: 100 feet above high water mark in Victoria— ^uQicient, at the rate of 25 gallons per tead per day, for a population of over 90,000. linn of I'll... Having completed the general surver work in the neighbour* liood of the lake«!, the next step was to fix upon a line along which the water could' best be conveyed fron\ the dam to its destination: and for this purpose cast iron piping is the material which I recommend. ^"i»/r.r:.".r """ '"■ I had at first expected It might bo necessary to follow the valley line ol the Colqiiitz in bringing the pipes into town: however, after spend* ing a good deal of time and labour, i considend myself fortunate in finding such a convi'iiicnt line as that which I have adopted, and shown on the plan. " i'.?.,iiroi'i"u."h',,aiu«"jM','"i. This gives a length of oidy f» miles, 522 yards, from the Dam to the Hiidge Tavern, at the commencement of Douglas Street, and is in every way moTL' lavouiable than I had ventured to hope for. Indeed, I should imagine it might, at some future time, be Kcli'ited for the construction of a road, as the levelh are good and the saving in distance, as compared with the existing Saanich road, is half a mile between Douglas Street and the Koyal Oak. The lini. of jiipcs, shown blue on plasi, joins the Saanich road opposite Dr. Tolmie's farm, t-o as to avoi The whole of Ibis line has been permanently laid down and cut out through the bubh, and is so much work done against the laying down ot the pipes. *^"\ftvmn,i\)re* mentioned, some witb tbe baric on not requirinK niucli prer'sure, saj not eiceeding, tor six ioib, Wore than thirty feet preasure, aod for the other sizes no* ex> evdii'g sixty (»rl. We ciin f>irn sb at ihig pitce ail inch, witb the bark on, at twetny-seven cents per riinDini; font; four inrh. eighteen ccn's, and two incb at twelve and one-half ceoti, by the quantiiy. The coupline is turned on the pipp and coats ro ft idiiional expenae. The banded pipe we make from i wo to six incbr."; it co^ts eunsiderably more. Wa band it to suit the prearure required, and coat the pipe with aaphiiltuin and coal 'ar, so hs l» rover the oo'er aarface and protect the benda from rust, and preserve the wood from decay. We can rurnish the (ii ii.cb to aland one hundred and fifty feet pres!>are, or less, for i know from teats elaewliere. It baa been laid down in the State* for liftet-n yenr.-i paat, and K>ven good ■iilisfactioo. We are prepared witb the necessary machinery to muke it, aod we feel satisfied can gii* good aatiafaction " ""' "'JnT-'Jinr*^!' "^"^ No quotation is given of the cost of 9 inch pipes, but judg- ing by the prices for pipe of smaller diameter?, I do not suppose that they could be supplied of sufficient strength to resist the required head for loss than |1 2i5 per foot, at which price* there would be no saving on the cost of cast iron, omdvit iipe t«i»» inchM in J Jiave, therefore, estimated for a Conduit Main, of cast iron diaai«icr, >»•) will dslinr '. n • i • i «• • i rj ■, . i <> 1 Mppij f..r io,«« perwiw. socket pipcs, 9 luclies uitemal uiaiuctor, witu T-lbths oi an inch thickness of metal. Assuming the pressure of water in town to be only 100 feet above the average level of discharge, and the central point of supply to be 6 miles from tbe Reservoir, tluB pipe will give a theoretical delivery of ■22,31)3 gallons* per hour, equivalent to a supply for 10,000 Inhabitants, per day of 12 hours. * tiawkaley'a formula for the diicbarge of water pipetuader preaaure i« lU follows : — -^7 A 5 (IBrf) where « ^ quantity discharged in galloaa per hour / B length of pipe in yards ...=s 105G0. A ex bead of water in feet =z 100. i/is: diameter of pipe io inubea=3 B. tfloo 5 then f-i \ ni>x9;». J0606 galloni per hour. ' I0&60 Baardmora'a formulft for fticertftioing tbt lama is :- a wb«r« g t= quantity In cubic feat per mlnute=si ? , Csm tabular numbersi for 9 in. pipe 1147, til. I m length of pipe in feet« 31d80. A ai head of water in feet» 100. tk«ft f«» 64.47«t e. ft. per mia.>B 24180 gallooD per hour. I have luaamed the mean of these two reaulta aa the quantity which will be delivered through our t inch mala. It will be andaratood that the draft of the entire day'a anppty will be made upon the pipea during ftbont only 13 houra, and that In order to ftvoid diitrlbuting lUiervoira in or near Town, tbe ai»e of tba yipe MMt k* reg ulftird ftMvrdlng I/. 9 t 14 1 ''*l"m!rJw!° '"'■''""''' By reducing the pipe to an internal diameter of 7 inches unci Jths thickne-a of metal, we shonld have a theoretical delivery barely sufiicictit for existing wants, and a saving wonld he eti'i'cted on my estimate of about ten thousand dollars ($10,000). ihit t\m would, in my opinion, he a very false eoouoiny, and I strongly urge the adoption of the 9 inch main provided in my estimate. '''^Vnm',h'">i.i''D:!." .''■'''''™''' In addition to the pipe at first proposed to he laid into town the estimates provide for two additional pipes being htid through the Dam, so that the supply may be extended, from time to time, without interference with the head works, as the increased population may require. "''']^;:!^'^:Z:Zl^u''"''" The supply n»ight, of course, be increased to some extent by constructing a distributing Reservoir in or near Town, so as to utilise the flow of the Pipe during the night when there is little draft upon the Mains for general supply. But by this means a portion of the "head"' would be lost, and I should be in favor of an increase direct from the main Reservoir. ''"Tiv'ei^hi;;;^ '™" '" "'"' unfortunately for the cost of the proposed works, the price of all iron work in England is, at the present time, remarkably high. Pipes which twenty years ago could be delivered for jC5 per tcm, would now cost from jG1> to XIO per ton, and from all I can learn, there is not much chance of any improve- ment in the price. In addition to the main Conduit Pipe, we require pipes of various sizes for distributing the water throughout the Town. Here agaiti the conditions are rather unfavorable; the streets are broad and long, while the hooaes, for the most part, are few and scattered. ^"\",vT:;[/nrr';i,u.io';:'.''''"'' it appears to me, however, that in commencing a new system (»f supply, the plan should be, to bring the water as much as possible within the reach of all, and, in order to do this, I cannot estimate tho length t)f distributing Mnins required at less than 17,.')43 yards, or say, 10 miles of pipe, of si/.CJ varying between !t inches and 2 inches in diameter. '''r.;,:.,''; ':,':.";;'**''' '"*^ it i« customary now to coat water-pipes, wlulo hot, with a preservative compound, with a view to retard the corrosion of the iron. The •!xtra charge for tbis is only six shillings per ),on, and is provided for in n»y estinuite. The arrangement of distributing Mains, and the proportion of Town Lots occu- pied by buihlings, is shewn on I'lai No. V. A.HU«,^uf E,.hua.»i ,:,«, of ^,^ Estimate, in detail, of the cost of the propoBtd works is appended to this Beport. The following is an abstract: — Head Works |14,126 Main Conduit J'ipe, &c 4r),83l) Town Distribution, kc 23,181 Contingencies, iSundries, and Superintendence, 20 per cent 16,620 Total Cost $99,766 (^ICTORIA ., — cr>- TOWN rROM DRAWING N« V. Sar sitas ami lenyths of pipes see mpendix C. (Sufned) 4 L fl-iff*"" A Co LiT" 5 f Ciar0rJ^ A L O^HCfor' IrCc Lit" S f wm Ctovrfit r 15] stiewiit!^ the total cost to be loss than $100,000, or le^s than $10, say £2, per head ot Population provided for. c^i pir h™i of popuiiti.m 'l<\^Q avcrapjc cost of the works of the London Water Coni- nuiipliwl, couiiiuiul with _ jo-l ilr' L.Mi.t.m wiiter-worki.. punies, wus £2 Hh. mI. pcr liead. It v, e iiad u e«ial taxation or cnaruntee would be necessary, and that looking upon water as «mp!y a marketable commodity, it is the resnlt of exporionce that tradinj; opcr- atrrons are better manaijed by private enterprise, than when under the control of Go«od extension. ■ wiBtt »»y •• By whatever agency the w«»rk is undertaken, one question of Ittterest will bo '* will it pay V In e»*timatittg the amount of water at present re- i|atr««i, I assumed the population to bo I ive Thousand. For the purpose of oulou* kising the returns or probable incom" to he derived from the water, I will supposa «>«« population to be Four Thouitand, which is certainly <' ithiu the mark. CMvwrf »tth iM rnadMn. First to examine the case of our iiei{^- hours in Ban Franoisco; I ftttd trom the published Share Lists that the 'Spring »« .ey Water Com|)any '* hm a paid up capital of $8,000,000, and that it «>ayi a di<'iJeud at the rate of 6 per that Drkin C n ] cent, per annum: or, in other words, that it divi.les a nett profit of $480,000. Assuming the coat of superintendence and maintenance to be 20 p«r cent, of gross receipts, and the population supplied to be loO.OOO, it would appear that the annual average charge for water in San Francisco is $4 00 per head of population. Kotnrn would Iw at rata of 11 mi- ,i » \ • i ^^ • ^ \ ^ • \ r im cent. 1 aking this as a basis tor the income to be derived from onr own water, and allowing 25 per cent of gross receipts for superintendence, muin- tenance, and minor extensions, we have a nett prolit of $12,000, or a retu'i. upuu the estimated cost of *vorks of 12 per cent, per annum. "KiniMiny" "" °* "'''** Ncxt to examine tiio chargcs of tlic "Spring Ridge Water Co.," to which Victoria at present owes its supply. And here I would express my thanks to the Directors and Secretary for the very courteous manner in which thfy have furnished me with information regarding the working of the Company. Firstly. If we take the Company's charge upon f/naiUili/, viz, 75 cents per lOG gallons, and calculate the income to be derived Irom the quantity which 1 have proposed to supply, the returns would apiiear so tavorable that perhaps I had belter not put them in figures. Secondly. Taking the present Company's charges as at so nun_'h per house : — It appears that GO establishmeiita are supplied by service pipes from which a monthly revenue is derived ot about $400, and that some 300 houses are supplied by cart service, at an aver»ge charge throughout tl:e year of about $2 per month. Bo that the overage monthly charge per house supplied is $2 75 or $3;} 00 per annum. "'Tr ^™'.'' ■" " '^ ""* Taking this rate of charge and assuming that we have 600 houses requiring a supply, and allowing as before 25 per cent, for nuuutcnaiK-e, etc., there would bo a return upon the estimated cost of nearly 15 per cent. hiaily. Basing our calculations upon the actmil income dcrweU hy the existing Company at the present time — and I need not dwell upon the fact of the infciior nature of the supply, nor upon the fact ot the system being the most expensive that could be devised ; the water having to be handled at least 5 times before it enters into cousumptiou — Of M ihtTtrjriowMtiiiMrMDt. The amouut paid to the j>re»'.'nt Company for water supplied will be seen from the figures given above to be $12,000 00 per annum. Allowing, as before, 25 per cent, per nuiintonance, etc., which is ample under the '^gravitiit- ing " system, we should have at the lowest and most unfavourable estimate a return of i) per cent, per annum. Drtiiwc*Bw«noib«BHi«t«i- Whilo, bowovor. Urging upon Government the construc- tion of works for an improved water supply, I should not bo doing my duty if I omitted to point out that it will be of great unportauce at the same time to under* take works for the drainage of the city. If this is neglected, — if a plentiful supply of water is introduced, and no attention given to provide moans for disposing ot it afler use, — the result, according to all experience, wilt be an increased death rate. The valley extending from the head of James Bay, toward Ross Bay appears to otter a good line for an Outfall Sewer; but surveys would be required before a definite opiaiou could be given. It ii certain, however, that if Victoria isexpectud to become a ( 'B^^' [ 18] popalous city, the outfall shouM not be into the harbour. Even already-, I believe, the deposit caused by the washings of the streets, etc., has sensibly lessened the depth of water along the principal wharf frontage. I trust that I have put the water question before you in a satisfactory light, and T regret that the repairs to the Alexandra Bridge, which necessitated my absence for a month from Victoria, should have prevented my submitting this report quite so early or in so complete a form as I could have wished. Ar^ ti« r«iMireni..ui* fnifli«i Glaucini? back to tlic "requircnients" which I proposed, I b) the K!k Uko HMervoIr , . , .,,,.,, « ,,., , . , . , . , , proj«t ? think you will hiid they are fulhled \n the project which I recommend. As regards " quality," I am satisfied of the excellence of the proposed supply, The analysis alone is wanting to place it beyond doubt. As regards "quantity," the supply at first is for 10,000 and capable ot oxtennion, by simply the addition of extra pipes, to meet the wants of U0,000 inhabitants. The supply is on the most economical system of "gravitation," and is derived 0» from a reservoir with a head of 192 feet above high water mark in Victoria. The cost of the Works is within the moderate sum of $100,000, upon which the income, calculated at the loiiu-st fii/iire, would yield a nett return off) percent.; a return v/hich would increase very rapidly in proportion \o the growth of the city. I think Victoria may be congratulated upon having such an abundant supply of water, so easily obtainable, and I hope I may see the day when it is all required. I have the honor to i?e, Sir, Your obedient servant, TllOa. A. BULKLEY, Chief Eiigiucer to O'occrnmentf lirttisk Columbia, Odobi:r ZSth, 1872. ESTI No. iiito [ 19 J APPENDIX A. VICTOUIA WATKR WOllKS. ESTIMATE or Total Cost of Works for Suiti-y from Elk Lake Storaof. Rksfhvoir. No. DitHCRii'Tios OK Work. I TITY. UKAD WOI{K«. Impounding Diim, of host rnooiir^pil Uiil)l)lc M«:!oiirv, .oct in ap- proved Hydraulic Mnrtiir and Kacod witli piclanti|r riiundHti»n and blnsting hcd-roi-k where directed, tu obtain a clean surface for Masonry (/'nbir Vnrd^ Paving and (AipiuK to surface of Ham, of cut stcnc from .Vnviai^tle Inland, or other approved (jn:irry, including selling in I'ort- Innd Cement Cubic Keet Waste Weir. — Uncourscd Hubble Mabonry, same as for Dam Cubic Yard.< Cut itono in Coping and Lip for Waste Weir, same a^^ in Copinit for Dam Cubic Tect CleKring overflow Channel from Wante Weir to old bed of Stream. "ay, Filtering Tower. — Courncd Rubble Masonnry set in Portland Cement, mixed in the proportion of one of .Sand to one of Cement Cnl)ic Yards OiiBt Iron lining to Tower, including fixing Tons Cement Concrete for Tower (lubic Yanl-i Kllt-iring .Malerialst, waalied and placed Cubic Yard? Itoof and (Jangwuy to ditto say Laying Main I'ipc in Iriplirate through l>ani, including fixing, 24 feet incn pipe; 'U feet 12 Inch pipe; nnd 24 feet 1.') inch pipe, to be cast in Victoria Tons .Scr«# Viilve» for ditto, four in nninticr, with (!uu Metal facex, »crew», and nuta, 2 of incli«4 ; 1 of 12 inche^i; 1 of ISiuches «ay Iniipsctori Cottage, Tool House, and Tools Diversion of Rnst Saanich Itoad Milpf Clenring Land of Willow linamp, burning wood, Ar .\cres Dry Laud to b« submerged !iy Keservuir; compeniation and cost of partial vlcnring Acret Coi inchei inte roal diameter; T-Ptthi of an Inch thickness of metal. 9,a'i'i yards, at 134 lbs. per yard, -i Tods, bbl^, Kstimaltd Cost of Une Ton :— Prim* Cost P. (). I). In F.ngland, per Ton $47 00 R.ITK. 550 $ 5 00 Peii. c, yd. 42.') 2 00 c. foot 100 21'. 5 00 c. yd. 2 00 c, foot, Ritra for Preservative Coating Freight to Vlvturia, per Ton, Iniuranc* ,, Import Duty „ Wharfa|« „ 1 .^o 15 01) 1 50 T 25 oO ToUl Cost per Ton dtllvereti $72 7ft Tom Coit of laving Main, Including carting pipes, opening trench, not Itil tnau 21 f^«t aeep, lead, labor, Ac, and reRlling trench. Lineal Yards Ctrritii fitrtHtrd,. 20 n 1 12 ^ 12 00 c, yd i 80 91 on]] 10 00 c. yd, 2 Sc.jc. yd. lion on mile. :iO 00 lac re. 40 00 acre 7] 76 fiO ton. e, yd. Amoi's r. $ 2,(50 850 500 4124 lOV ri'io 111 no 700 .'.00 l.OOO .too 2,5Ka n,i;40 40,55(1 4,0'5l 60,345 J.* '.. [20] APPENDIX A.—CotUinucd. ^iH No. Dkscriptiok or Wobc. Brought forward MAIN CONDUIT PIPK.— Co«/Mi««rf. Special crosKiugs on line of Pipe; 3 nt $100, and 4 at t.10 lliglit of wnv for I'ipe tliroiigh prIvaJe propiTtv 12 fuet in width on IcDgiii of 6,543 yards Acres Cost ok SIaix ConnuiT Pip« $46,839 TOWN DISTUIBUTION. Ten miles (nearly) of cast iron socket pipes, of rarious aises and weights, a$ follows : Size of Pipe. !> inches. t. " 7 " « " 4 " :« " a " Thickness of Metal. T-I6ihs in. 7-I6ihs " 7-l(iths " ths '• fr-l6tha " llh •• ]th " Toui length, ynrda. Length of i'ipe. BOO yards. 150 " 217 " 200 " 1,833 " 2,513 " 6,1*93 " 5,437 " Weight per Yiird. 134 ll>s. 121 " 106 " 78 " 63 " 35 " 211 " 17} ' Total Weight. 80, .00 lt).i, 18,150 " 23,002 " 15,«00 " 97,140 " 77,455 " 148,109 " 95,147 " 17,643 jrardt.lToUl Weight 665,103 Iba Total weight, 655,102 lbs., or tajr Tona Cost of li 08,766 AUSTRACT. Head Works $14,136 00 Main Conduit Pipe, etc , 4f/,83B 00 Town Distribution, etc 23,181 00 Cootingcncie.' and i)i>pcriutendi'uce 16,620 00 I $W,T«6 00 Say $100,000. TU08. A. nULKLKY, Vhiff Htujinwr to Oo m r n m t nt, Jhitith Cotmrnbia. mamammg [21 ] APPENDIX B. VICTORIA WATER SUPPLY. Table sliowing tho Iioight of various points in Vicloria above approximate Uigh Water Mark unilcr Jumcs Bay Bridge. NAME OF STREET. GOVIBKMKNT St f (KIT, opposite II iiiiiboldt Street, " Courtenny " " ilroiiglitoa " " Fort " . " Bastion " " YiUos " " Johnson " " I'liiKlora " . " FisK'i'rd " . " Ik-riiM " . " rhatli;im " " DiscoviTy " nr)••■■•■•• 600 650 450 1800 4,400 1,330 350 1,330 300 1 330 Branehu '•••'•"• do. Drancb in Oovernment st. do. do. Store street VanHorA RlreAt... •..*..■ 320 200 600 250 320 200 500 do. Branch in Uroadwajr jAhnjtinnA itrcfit ■ •• 1,180 ■••*••••> 2&a 1 180 do. Branch in Broadway rill do Qovernment It. 300 300 800 30o 1,300 ... 1 300 do. Branch in OoTrrnment (U, do. do. Langlcy street., do do. Wharf itrtet... 530 550 320 450 • . •••••• 530 K^a 850 630 •*•.■■.•* ■ ■•...M* • • • • t • ** ■•«••••. **■••■•• 850 3 JO HrnnrhpM Broftdwav .■••**M 450 630 Bmncb Govvrnment street 450 550 560 580 4.50 650 550 680 Too 760 ■•••••••• • *■*•■••• .•■••*M • •■■■•M Brwuh on Eaat tide DougUu 8tr$tt, Prlnm'a liraet •*>..... •••■•••• VC««»ard jitrA#t» > 460 640 **•.*•••« 1 100 Rr&nch Blanchard street.*. 300 700 300 do. North Park itreet riArffnAr&nt iilroet •■■...■• 1,350 1,280 1,320 1,350 *«•*•••• 1,950 1,280 3,620 3,650 3,300 1,950 4,350 1 460 Pandora itreet JAhnitAne dtrfiftt...... 1,300 1,300 1.300 1,300 1,060 1,460 ■ •• *(•••■ *•■•* tM Ya.tii« itrAAt. 3,000 650 • •.«**M 1,350 3,050 BrAneh Vancouver itreet Kane street... » 1,300 1,300 1,100 ...(.•Ml 1,300 1 300 7M 1,800 • •••••*• 1,85» S,600 1,300 1,460 jAiiaa' Rat............ •■■« 1,800 1,300 *•■•«••«• a.tee.M Blrd-catfe Walk.... 1,450 • ■•eeaea* 6,640 5,500 e****.*e 600 eoo Hranch Quebec itreet 800 1,100 ■■•»■. M 460 HOO 1 too 16,310 30,680 1800 53,603 T. A. B. -4r Aift'EB i ^ — ^^iafefe4_-. "^Wtw^imtpi"*"* 'M — " fc^. IIH'^ Oj^ v.-^-. Virersionof road 'tJfile. I ' •■••■'/Hi; I Jlnhun LinmSO frnl hulnw H.W'M ^omf.% lti\\ A.LBANCHOfT 8i Co. Infi Sr. GENERAL PLAN OF PROPOSED WORKS Farm *^^^ f*^oucma rttoM o/tAwinos MfgtkS. ^^^^^^^S'" fual one mile. VUCTlDllllA. SeeDrwruuf .\\,. .5 MM.dtmmraUf^ f.Sifnmil) t'Miff Knqinerr to Gorernment Hriliah Columhta tAA