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Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmAs d des taux de reduction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour 6tre reproduit en un seul clich6, 11 est film6 d partir de Tangle s' '^^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images n^cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mithode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 \\i TIj? (Dontreil, Ottiwi and Qeorgiio Bay N&vi;&tioo. REPORT of T. C. Clarke, Esq , C.E., submitted to the Legislative Assembly, In I860, together with a SUPPIs6A16NTAI^y RGPORT by Mr. Clarke on the Present Aspects of the Undertak WITH /WAPS AND PROFII96. OTTAWA : Paynter & Abbott. Printers and Bookl.iriders. 36 Elgin Street. 1900. :^'*^.■ Tb? {Doijtreil, OtUwi ^nd Qeorjijuj Biy N2ivi;&tioQ. REPORT of T. C. Clarke, Esq . C.E., submitted to the Legislative Assembly, in 1860, together with a supPbe/wewTARy rgport by Mr. Clarke on the Present Aspects of the Undertaking. WITH /VIAPS AND PROFIbe. OTTAWA : Paynter & Abbott, Printers and Bookl.inders, 36 Elgin Street. 1900. M To . G Ik: re () ( To I II Mr, -I accord; aj)|)t'nd ri has t)ei. I. tween } wan, I,: II III In i)f l''ien( iiient.J i Th; 111) inipn miles, as vessels, a Canal, t( Seci suited to and has Kin.' stnicted I ost of" tl which I I ttihuted i HKTUKN To .111 Ailclrcss troin the Lcj^islative Assembly to His IvxccHciicy llic: (iovcrnor (ic'n-r.il, datcnl the 5th instant, jiraying Mis I'.xcellcncy to l)t; pleased to cause to he laivl before the i louse, a R(.'turn of the recent Survey and Report of the I'^nj^ineers on the Ottawa Ship Canal. liy Command, SecKKTARN 'S OlIK i- ) Ouebec, 19th March, 1S60.J C. A.LLEYN, Si'cntafy. RKI'ORT. To nu; lldNOKMii): John Rosk, ("onunisssoner of I'liblic Works. Sir, —I have llic liuiuir to submit iicrewith my Rc|)ort upon llic Ottawa navigation, in accordance with instructions received troni tiie Department of I'ublic Works, and hereunto a|)i)ended. 'I'he (iiieslions up')-: whi( ii intorinatiiin is souj;Kt, and to answer which tlie Survey has l)een carried on tiurinu the past year, are as follows ; - I, To dL-lermine the practicability ot a navij^ation for vessels of the larger class, be- tween Montreal and I/ike Huron by way ot the River Ottawa, and its tributary the Malta- wan, l.ukc N'ipissmguc, and the I'Vench River. II To ascertain what scale is i)est suited to the n.uure o! the refute. III. i'o give a reliable estimate ot the cost ot the improvement. In the liist jjlace, I have to reju^rt that the di>tance between .Montreal and the mouth (if l''rencli Rivlt (jn Lake Huron (according to the plans furnisheti me by the Depart- ment,; is. following the line of navig.ilion adopted. 4,^0.76 miles. That ot this distance ^.ii.^ii miles are already a good natural navigation, and recjuire no improvcmcnl, and that It is |)ertc(tly practicable so to improve the remaining /S.y5 mile-:, as to ciisivert the whole chain of waters into a t'lrst class navigation for steam vessels, and to reduce the length of canalling to 29. 52 miles, or, exclusive of the Lachine (Janal, to J0..S2 miles. Secondly -The scale of navigation attainable, and which I would recommend as best suited to the capabilities of this route, is calculated for vessels of one thousand tons burden, and has Locks 250 feet long by 45 feet wide, by twelve depth, on the mitre sills. Finally —.\ careful estimate, resulting from a close instrumental survey of all ob- structed points, the details of which will be found hereafter, enables me to state that the cost of this improvement, exclusive of interest, legal expenses and land damages none of which 1 have any means of ascertaining, will not exceed the sum of $12,057,680, dis- tiibuted as follows: — ()1I\UA AM' l'l<l.\<ll Rl\l,k N \\ li.A I |{i\. I»i^lMll(■^•-. I.cM-N. kivcr^ Nil. Ill I 111 IlMil (.'illl.ll-. I.alxf^, I.iic'Us.'l.iM Uaije. Cllsl. LarhiiH' ( '.iiial I.aki- Si. I.niiis M. .\lllR'-- LalvL- 111 'r«i> Miiiiiiiaiiis t'arilKin tn ( in iixilk' . . ( Irci'ii ShuaK ( )ttaua Kivir CliaiKluii' ami ilf~ Clu iicv Dc^ Chi iH"~ I.alvf Chal- ("liat- LaUc Snow'.s 1(1 I'llack l'all> River ami I,al<<' (■(niloiij^c C'liapfau ainl I'Nlel l)t'u|i River Joachim's to Mallawaii Rivi r Maltawaii .^imniiil level ami cm I lench River Adil |-'.Mi;iiieeriliL; ami ."^niiei iiiU-mieiice . i.V.M 4j'75 N'lii ( siini.iii'il do iln 1 • 4''9/>7^ -•»• Vl"/ vS- l,()4<),<»n') I ;(i,i(i3 .> / ,1 Jl) <lO 1 7" 1<) jN l,S .)- -'•t o.i 4 «S .>5 5« 5' 7-t Id J2 •Ol ■On 6 <'.5"" ^'•'•7ji 5 5<)- 6Si,9,?2 1 1 '4 ""4' l,JS''.'*^4" -•4.i..S"7 j-jo I 14 , i4,S-2o i,7.S7.<i.S.> r,uS .S-'»7 o-.S.' II 144 401.41 2<)-;j 04 I. M)J,I54 SSf ), I 1 7 .S74.I7.S UM.S7,(,S,, 'rii'.ire are, exclusive of the l.ntiiinc ("anal. jo.Sj miles cil ('anal-, i l)^tin^ $1 .!.o57.6.So, which is t-iiual to $57<;. '.iU p^'' ""'^' ot (^anal. lint the cost ol the whole navigation, trom St. .\nnes to Lake Huron, 4oS.7(') miles, is luit a tiille iinihr .$29,500 per mile. Such are the results at the Survey. 'I'he manner in which they have heen attained will be described under the followinL; general heads. I. — Physical characteristics ol the Ottawa. II.- -Methods of Improvement proposed III. — Character of work and material in locks, dams, canals, vVc. IV. — Scale ot Naviualion. \'. — Special description. VI.— (leneral Remarks, I. -PHYSICAL (:H.\R.\CTERI.S1K:s ok the O'l'l'.WVA. Before taking up in detail the method of improvement jiroposed lor this chain of waters, I shall sketch brieHy the physical geoi^raphy of the Ottawa X'alley, and some of its prominent geoloj^ical features. Nor is this foreign to an l',ngineering report, lor, in order to clearly understand the matter of the changes pro[)osed, we must first get a cor- rect idea of things as they are. Rivers have been well defined as the channels by which the water, originally evapor- ated from the sea, and falling upon the land, is returned to the sea again, and the volume of water discharged is the excess of precipitation over evaporation throughout thefvalley of any river, varying directly with the area of drainage, the rain-producing character of the atmosphere, and the nature of the soil. Their i)osition is determined by the laws of gravity, and they always follow, from the interior portions of continents to the sea, the line of quickest descent, — that is, the line of lowest level, whether resulting from upheaval, denudation, or the combined effects of both. :\ The <haracteristi(:s of rivvr^ arc much modinnd by the nature of the j^cological furin- atioiis lhroui;h which they pass, and their ditfercni puwcrs ot rL->istan( e to the trans|)(trt- inn and eroding ciTcrt ui the waters. In a country hased upon sedimentary rock-., \vhi( h are not hard enou^;h to resist the force of the < urrent, and generally do not appear aDove the surface at ali, the form- ation of river channels is a [jrocess similar to that which we see when a shower falls upor» a newly cultivated fielcl. The water follows the lint of (juickest djscent, hut meeting material of different degrees of hardness, it meanders about from right to left and as- sumes a sinuous course : i:s constant ten(ien(y being to elongate its channel and conse- ciuently dinnnish its slope 'IMie^e windings arc so great in some rivers as to double their length, as HI the case of tile Mississippi, between the Ohio and tin (lulf of Mexico. When the length of the channel has been so much increased as to diminish the slope, and the C(jnse(|uenl veloi ity of the cuireiU to sik h a rale that it will eat inti> the shores no longer, the regime is said to be established. Mut in a formaiion composed of the harder ( rystalline rocks whi( h obtrude them- selves above the surface, the w;Uers have not the same powrr to form f(jr themselves channels : and the characteristics of the rivers of such a < nunlry are very liifferent from those previously described. 'I'he irregular depressions and clefts in the siirfa( e be( onie f'llled with water, and form Lakes, whose overflow tumbles in cascades and rapids, over the rocky barriers which it cannct destn<y, until it finds its way into other l.ake>, lying at a lower level and from these to others, until at last it is receiveil in some sue h arm of the sea as the (lulf of .St. Lawrence, or Hudson's I '.ay. .\ glance at the map of our cf)ntinent will show at once the distinctive peculiarities of the tw(j systems ; norlh of the .St. i .awrent c, in the region of crystalline rocks, the country is dotted with Lakes and the connectinj^ rivers are generally short. In what may be termed the Mississip|)i system, there are but few Lakes, and the rivers are long, and marked by a jief iiliar sinuosity ot course. Owing to the absence of the harder rocks, there are btit lew ca.scade> and rapids. The currents are strong, but all the tributaries of the .Mississippi have at some seasons of the year a natural navigation for boats of light draft of water. (Jn what we may call the northern river system, the navigali(jn consists of stretches of deej) and iitill water, interrupted by ia|)ids and tails : around which the light canoes of the voyageurs are portaged by hand. The ot)stacles to the imitrovement of these two river systems are of an entirely op- posite nature. The |)roblem in the one case is to regulate the natural flow, so as to re- tain sufficient depth for navigation in summer, and to defend the surrounding country from the disastrous inundations caused by Spring floods, which often rise to a height of fifty or sixty feet above the Summer level, and would jirobably sweep away any artificial works intended for the improvement of navigation. .\s the country becomes more widely jettled, and a larger area of timbered land is c Icared away, the evil increases ; for swam|)s diminish evaporation, and actas natural reservoirs to moderate the violence of torrents. Our river system, fortunately for us, is furnished with a series of reservoirs, which cannot be destroyed, in the Lakes themselves. These Lakes receive the waters from the melting of the snows in the spring, and hold them steered up against the summer heats. Hence the beautiful uniformity of the flow of our rivers. The St. Lawrence, unless danmied by ice, seldom rises over four or five feet : and the average rise of the Ottawa, where free ffoin obstructions, is about twelve. There are few more l)eautiful illustrations of that beneticient design, which adapts the physir al structure of the earth to the wants of its inhabitants than this ; for, from the unretentive nature of the soil, the rain would es- cape nearly as fast as it fell ; and the northern rivers would be torrents at one time, and nearly dry for the rest of the year, were it not for the.se natural reservoirs in which the surplus waters have been stored uj) among the hills. To improve the navigation of such a river system is a comi)aratively simple matter, for the greater part is already done to our hand, and we have only to devise some means ot getting from one Lake to another, and our task is accomplished. This brief sketch of the more prominent peculiarities of the northern river system of this Continent, will enable us readily to comprehend the physical characteristics of the Ottawa, the largest of the tributaries of the St. Lawrence. 4 lis total Icnulli (loni iis soiii(v, near the licads ol tlir Sai;iitnay and St. Maiiriro ac«.f)r(lin^; to Sii U'llliain l.')-aii, troin wlicm i- it (li's( rihis ncarl) tlu' halt of a cirrlc in its (oursc, until it talis into tiji' St. l/awrcnrf ;it the Island ot .Montreal, is over seven hundred miles ; and it drains an aita ot not less than i.i.nlity tiioiisand sqiiaic miles. I'roiii the I'ahle ol Kivcrs (sec .\|i|)endi\ I'.) it will he seen that its si/e is ahoiit eiiual to that <;l the Khme. and lis ^rcai reu'ilaiity ol (low, paiiii nlarly as rom|>are(i with such iivei-- as the Ohio and Rhine, will he i vident. Tills ,s I iinri|iahy owir^ to its numerous hik-'s, as heloie i leiilioned ; hut m some dcj^reeto the I'ai t, ih.it, tioin the dilTeienr.^ oi latitude, ilu; -.f ii.is melted and passed nit ol Its Southern trinutaaie^. helore its ' north water,' ,is u is railed i omes down. riu two ttreat L;".('!oi;i(al divisions of its roi ks are I.aiirentian and Silurian. Thi I.aurentian rocks are supposed hy j^coloi^ists to have heen the surfaie ot the then existing continent, and the lloor o\ the sea upon which tlie sedimentaiy Silurian ro<:ks were de|)osited. The outlines ot the shores of this aiv lenl continent followed the Nurih hank of the St. i.awrt.nce, and tiu ive ran up the ( >;iaw.i, skirting its north shore at varying distances. The |)resent Ottawa \ .iliey. as far up as Deep Kiver, sei.ins to h.ive been a hay or inlet of the Siluri.ui Sea ; hiuiudeil on the North ,ind \\ est hy the mam ( ontiiient, and on the South hy a iieninsula wl ich runs into Northern N\\v \( rk, and forms that wild section of country ol which the .\<iirondack .Mountains aiethe I'.astern boundary. 1 he River St. Lawrence has br 'ken throU);h the istluniis which connei ted tliis iieninsula with the main land, in a ^real number of (hannels. rorinin^ the celei")rated ^roiip ol the I'housand Islands. I'he surfa<'e ol this 1 .aureiUian Innnaiion i-. eMremel)' ruuui d. and the nx ks are contorted in a manner that --iiow's tlie action of some e.xtraordinary forre. There is little levelland, and the hollows between the roiky hills i.re niUd with innumerable lakes, whose water is i lear and deep. 'The whule region shews the wearing I'lTect of water, and has evidently been mu< h inllueiiced by ^l.ici.il action, as m.iy be seen Ikjiii the grooved appearance of the rf)cks and the hiils, and the huge deposits of boulders that cjioke up jjortions ot the river beds. The rorks consist chiefly of micaceou> and hornblendic gneiss, mica slates, and veins of crystalline limestone. The Silurian roi ks, on the other hand, are sandstones .uid limestones ; lying in reg- ular strata, ll.it and undisturbed as when deposited on the lloor of the ocean. I'he truth of the observation ot Hugh .Miller that the jihysiognomy of the landscape depends upon its geology, is nowhere more evident than upon the L'|i|)erand Lower <> tlawa. Trom .Montreal to I )cep River the ( )itaw.i runs in .i Siluri.ui valley : .ilthough at some points, as the " Rocher T'endii" and the (."hat--, the crystallini' rocks shew themselves in the channel of the river. 'The general features of the landsfajie arc those of a level country, like that or all limestone formations. Uocky barriers have jienned back the waters into long lakes, like the I )es (Jhenes anil C^liats. whose shores are low and flat, and generally cultivated to the water's edge with fertile farms. 'The timber is hardwood, principally beech, maple, ash and elm. The width of these sheets of water is from half a mile up to two miles. Along the Northern shore at varying distances, runs the unbroken outline of the Laurenlian hills ; which, as has been staled, were probably once clilTs against which beat the waves of a Silurian sea. .\bove I >eep River the character of the landscape changes. We are now entering upon the oldest part of our continent, whose rugged masses and contorted outlines speak ol the convulsions of former ages. The hills that had admitted a strij) of level country between their bases and the river now crowd close upon its edge, and rise pre- ciijitous. in some places to the height of seven or eight hundred feet. Tht groves ot hardwood give place to those vast forests of pine of which the wealth ot" the Ottawa chiefly consists, and the clearings are few and unimportant An we advance, the scenery becomes more wild and rugged, and the pictures(]ue beauty of the cliflTs and cascades of the Mattawan, and of the lonely isles of Krench river, is unrivelled in any part of the continent. Lake Nipissing is of irregular shape, from forty to fifty miles lon{{ and twelve to eighteen wide, and receives the water of seven rivers : two of them, the Sturgeon and Nauwanitigone, of considerable size. The south and west shores are bold, and the depth of water is great, 'i'he north and east shores are low and flat, and the water shoals gradually. 'I'he westtrn end ol the Lake is lillcd with islands, and the shores are cut up with inlets ending in marshes. I'he Mattawa I nd I' rench Rivers consist of a series ot ionj; and narrow lakes, of great depth and skigi.;iHh (iirrtnt, the waters esi;ipini; from i ;i( h into the next below over natural dams of rock, W hert-ver, Irom ;;rcaicr softness or a more imfavorabie disposition ot the strata (or resist;in<e, 'thi'-e rcuky ciams have liteii nuK h worn down, the current is stronger, and it may he seen Iroiii the ruunued and wave worn appearam e ot the rock- bound shoies. that t(ie lake above hiis oncf maintained a hii;hei level than it now holds. On the ( )itawa, from the Matt.iwa to Deep Kiver. there arc strong currents, and the character of tlie \\ater is more ri\ei ilian lake hke. MK'I'MOI) ol IMl'KOVKMKNI I'ROl'OSKD. i'"roiu the prec eding skeic h. the following conclusions mav be cieduc:ed : — That there are two great natural divisions cif the Ottawa country ; on one of which the banks of the river are low, and the rocks generally soft ; while on tlie other the shores are precipitous, and the roc ks hard. I'hat th '*"awi is a river of very even flow, and n )t subjci't to sudden rise or de- structive fresh<Ub. That thj e.xtcnt ot obstructed water requiring iini)rovement is but a small proportion of till- whole, and that the greater part is a chain of inland lakes, affording a good natural navigation. How to correct these unobstructed (larts is the ipiestion now to be considered. When a river is obstructed t)y ("alls anil rapids, there are several methods of making it navigable. I. We may c:ut L'anal< aronnci the rapids, an 1 lork up and down through them, keeping away tro n the river, and letting it entirely alone. II. We may throw dams across the channel of the river and convert tlie rapids into a series of still lakes, and lock directly from one into another. III. Wc may combine these metho Is by c.inalling around r.ipids, and using low dams to give tlie recpiired depth, and to drown out currents between canals. Sometimes one of these methods is most a|)plicable to a jiartic ular locality, and sometimes another ; and the judgment of the engineer is shown by his choosing that which best suits the circumstances o( the case. On the lower Ottawa, where the Lakes are long and deep, and the shores lov and highly cultivated, it would be unwise to attempt to alter the existing levels, for we should drown a large e.xtent c»t country, thereby destroying arable land, and probably rendering what was le(t unhealthy. Whatever plan is iirojKjsed will carefully avoid disturbing the long levels. Hut fortunately for the project, on the greater i)art o( the river, where the water is recjuiredto be raised, the shores are i).)ld, and the desired lift would overflow but little land. Mere we have only to raise the natural dams or rcjefs of rocks to the desired height, by ariiticia! structures, thus restoring a condition of things which possibly existed before the ceaseless rush of waters, or glacial action had worn the rock dams down to their present state. Wherever canalling is resorted to, the canal will follow the shore, and be con- structed by embankments rather than in excavation, on account of the great saving of expense over thorough cuts in solid rock, t)\ the large dimensions necess.iry for the navi- gation. The whole key to the system of improvement proposed for the Ottawa is comprised in two propositions. i. Follow the natural bed of the river, and avc)id cutting into the rocky shores. II. (lam the depth rec]uired for n- .igation by raising the scjrface of the water rather than by submarine rock excavation. We may lay it down as a general principle that, although on the lower part of the river where the shores are flat and lie upon sedimentary rocks, we could dispense with the use of *NorK. — When the lip of the strata is in the direction of the ciirrpni, the w.iter has only an erosive force ; l)Ul where it is against the ciirreni, the strat.\ are iiniiermineii, (all frcnn their own weight, ami are broken to pieces, ami the next tlooil carries ihc deliris away clown the stream. 6 dams ; yet as soon as we enter upon lliose portions wliere the river lias cut its lied through crystalline rocks, (which is more than lull the whole disiaixc l'ron\ Montreal to Lake Huron), the only mode by which a navigation can be made at all is by raising the water by dams. 'I'here is not now depth enough of water ; the cnrrenis are too strong to In: over- come ; and as the shores rise almost perpendicular from the water's edge, there is no room to construct laiials ; moreover, even if there were room, the length of arliliciil canal required would be so great as to condemn the prtiject ; and there can lie no doul)t of the sui)eriority of a still deep, lake from two to three hundred yards wide, tor purposes iif navigation, over a canal ol litly yards in width. I'ortunately every existmg condition tavors this moiie of construction. I'he bed ot the river consists of hard crystalline rocks, worn smooth and gcnerall\- free from boulders ; and the shores o( the same material rise abruptly on either side, diminishing the length of the dam reipiired. Points can be olitained where the water is shallow, and where there are rockv islaniis which will act as natural buttresses I'or the structure. I'nder these cucumstances there is no more danger ot a projierly constructed llat dam i)eiiig disturoed than one of tlij islands themselves. .\s has been previously said, the O'tawa is not a river subject to sudden rise or extraortlin. Hoods. It never averages over three inches in twenty four hours for any number of .. .ys in succession : its ct)mmon rise is one in<h per day. Its rise to its high water mark, stand, and subsequent tall, occur every year at nearly the same dates, with the utmost regularity. (See appendix tor Table •'(".") There is very little shove of ice in the Ottawa, where dams would i)e reijuired. .So ample is the volume of water, even in the driest time, that notwithstanding leakage and the effect of wind blowing down stream, the dai is would be always submerged, with from one to two teet ot water running over their crests. .\ very important effect of dams upon the Ottawa will i)e to diminish the variation between high and low water. This is always proved to be the case wherever they are built, for there is a greater area to be filled up by the Hood waters before they can rise ; and th.e dis( harge over the top of a dam is so tree that the water can m.-ver rise above it to the same extent that it lioes m a river channel obstructed by islands and sunken rocks. in designing a system of dams for the Ottawa improvement, we should have the actual volume of water discharged both at the lowest and highest recorded stages. This would reipiire a series of gauges in different i)aris ot the river, taken for a term of years, until the greatest and least (low was as<'ertained Irom actual measurement. .•\s the time of this survey has been limileil to one season, I < annot i)retend to have attained such aecurac'y ; nor, merel\' for the juiriiose of an estimate of cost, is it necessary. It is only requisite, for that put pose, tliat what is assumed as the greatest and least volume should cover the extreme limits of variation The results of several guages give, for the summer volume of discharge, at Portage du Kort, ^^1,000 cubic feet per second, and that of high water, 127,000 cubic feet per second. I'Vcmi anything on record, it does not api)ear probable that the least discharge ever falls below 25,000 cubic feet per second, or the greatest over 130,000 These ([uanlities, I'lerefore, have been assumed as a maxim and miminiun (see .Appendix, Table "D") Where the dams themselves act as waste weirs, it has been thought preferable to raise the masonry of tbe upper or guard lock, and allow the water to rise as high as it would upon the crests of the dams, rather than to attempt to control it by guard gates in the body of the dams, as this would be introducing a perishable material, and mode of construction, into the body of the work. 'l"he height at which the water will stand upon the crests of the dams for different volumes of discharge, has been calculated by the formula tor weirs, originally due to the investigations of Du Buat. Let Q be the number of cubic feet per second, and L the length of the overfall o' dam be known and we can obtain : II. - Ti!0 height at which the water will stand above the crest of the dam from the simple e(iiiation H-( i) )~i I'.y this formuia the table of dams (see ajjpendix I)) was calculated, and the height of the co|-ing of guard locks established. It will be seen that these dams will have from 1.31 to 3.51 of water running over them at low water. Vet for pur|)oses of estimating, their crests have been assumed to be as iiigh as the level of water above them, which gives excess of material. One other ])oint demands notice. We know that by dams we can drown out cur- rents, in these Lakes themselves, strong enougli tt) affect navigation. 'ri\e velocity of any (iirrcnt depends directly upon the area of llowage. When that is large in projjortion to the volume, the velocity is slow ; and as the area diminishes, the velocity increases, in ouler that eipial voIuiiils may pass in e(|ual times. Mow great this velocity will heat an> |)oint is strictly a matter of calculation, founded on well known hydraulic laws. Without here giving details, it is sufficient to state in general terms that the present area of llowage will be so much enlarged by the depth of water thrown on by dams, that no greater velocity of current need be apprehended than three miles an hour, at any |)oint, even during the six or sever weeks ot higli water ; and during the rest of the season the currents will be entirely imperceptible."* III. .MirillO!) OK IMl'ROVKMlCNr TROI'DSKl). to it in of int he In accordance with the instructions of the I )epartment, the (piality of the works is proposed to be not inferior to the standard of the St. Lawrence (Janais ; and every thing has been designed as substantial as jjossible. It is believed that there will be nothing perishatile but the lock gates on the whole line. Dams, where carried above water, will be of rough but strong rulible masonry laid in cement ; wherever the water runs constantly over them they will be tlat timber dams composed of solid timber laid up crib-fashion, without fiaming, fastened with '4 inch sipiare l)olts, 20 inches long, at each crossing rock bolts ^^ inch round ; to be filled with loose stone, covered with 4 inch ])lank, well spiked, and staunched with gravel, similar to those usually constructed by the Department in connection with timber slides. In most places the water can be diverted by a rough coffer dam, and the permanent structure commenced directly ujMin the flat rock. 'This operation is much facilitated by the numerous channels into which the river is divided, at the pcints selected, by large and small islands. The dams can be run from one island to another, and passages left for the discharge of the waters, which can be afterwards closed. When the water is deep, recourse must be had to the system of sinking cribs. The dam should, where possible, be laid out upon segments of circles arching up stream ; a' *TiK' invi>lii;alioii nl liu' l:iws that t;i)Vfrn tlu' Mow i>r walcr over wiois is imo of tlii' must iiiipoilaii lirandu's of hydi.uilii' (.iii^iiiiitini;, aiul has n'ci'iviii llic altoiitioii ol inaiiy tiniiioiil savants, among wlioiu may lie p.irliciil.n ly mciuininil Dii iliial, I'astil, I'oiiciKt, l.isliros, Daiilmissioii, in I'raiici' ; Mylolwi-iii, Wiisliaih. in ( iirmany : llu' Ktnnus, Sir jolin Lisiif, and Tlinm.is 11. lUackwcll, in llii^laml ; and lamis 11. I'lancis, of l.owilj, in the I'niUd Slalfs. .Ml llu' iidi's and fornnd.v ditivcd Ironi tliiii iiivcslii;ations arc founded on that natural law t^ovcril- in^; lh(.' vi'lociiy of lluiils, known as the lliioicm o( 'I'oiricelli, moihlicd l)y co-iltiiicnl-. olilaiiU'd by com- pariiij; llic ri'siills dorivi'd Irom it with duisi' hniiishiil hy cx|nrinu'Ul. .\s ihisi' i\|ii^riniL'iUs liavo as yet lu'cn made on a eomfiar.ilively small scale, we cannot apply tile riile> dc(hiced Irom them to circum- stance.-; widely dillerint; Irom those under which the e\perimenls were mailn, without iliscrcpancics more or less ^reat heiiif; found in the results. The case with wiiich we have to deal is forhmately one where we proceed from the Krealer lo the less, so that an irror, wlialever it is, is diminished instead of lieini^ increaseil. Were we calculating the .amount of availaMe watcrpower from the heij;ht on the crest of our dam, a very small ernr either in observation or in the co-ellicient itsell, would j^ive re.sulls widely dillerin.t; fnuii the trutli ; hut where we have already t^au);ed the IK)W o( the stream, and only calculated the height for a niveii length of dam, we know that the calculalc 1 result must, al least, he as close an appro\imati(.n to mathematical truth a' is the iiuantily expressing the iiumher of cubic feet of water passi'i(r a ^iven area In a second, as obtained from our t;auj;es. Nevertheless it would he very desirable to have a series of experiments made, with special reference to (lelermininj; the actual longiluilinal .section of a lar>;e river, <lammod entirely across, during dillerent volumes of (lischarf;e, from extreme hi^;ll to low water. Such experiments, il |>roperly made, would not only bo a very valuable contribution to engineering science, but are almost indispensable to the |)roncr carrying out of a scheme of the magnitude proposed in this Report. mode f)f construction in which the greater the pressure the tighter the dam Every altcrnaie crib should l)u lowcrcil to its place, sunk, and fastened to the rock with heavy iron holt-. 'I'll-' key crl'is sh)ti'il ilun bo 11 jated in to fill u,) llu spicos, and the whole sheet piled oil the up st renin side Up )ii tills level su;l.ii e the su|)eisinir;iiie of the iLit ^1,1111 is ( ariied iij) in :hc usual way. ( ieiieially liie lev, Is c.iii he so .iir.ir,.;ed ;is In leceive tiie suM ol liie li. nn i'lto deep water ; where tin; i- i:\\l not hj d iin: an a.<ron of r,o.,d ii.iii)jr ii.ti hjjii provided lo p.o- tecl the r.'( 1< helow. 'I'liiii) r and stone suil.ihlc for d.iins are found aOandaivly 'ii .ill puts of tlie route, and there are no points where tiielr con-.truetion o.'Vers greater d lii'iil'.ies ihnn h ive been successtully overeouij Oy lae eir.eiprise (jt tiie lainoenneii oil 'iie wiou^aries of the Oltawii. d'ae 1 ) ki are iatei 1 'd I) he l)-.iilt ot' sound and dara i!'.- soiie, 1 1'd in hyd' lulic cenun;, w.ta liae hasiied 1 1'X-, cut to ipiirter iiii.h j lint-;, bie.ca^ ot r •> tan^^i'ar s one, with pira.Ii'l h.'d,liidt) oae in;ii j a at. an 1 well h m 1 1 lo fi-ewoik. 'l\ie ro :k is l^enerally assumed to he s laiul, hat a light limber foundation, laid in concreie, is pro- videii for under the recesses. 'riie t;Ues are designed of solid timber, in the stvle now used on the St. Lawrence Canals. ICich i^ale will liave two sluices 10' (>' \ 2 , and culverts around 'he hollow quoins to l)e used in c.ise of acciilent to ilie sluices, or lo.;etlier with them if re(piiretl. — The arrangement for opening and sluiliing ga'es should be of tao mosi ap[)ioved kind : and it is b.;lieved that a I jck ige need not take over tea miiuues, the averigc time on those locks of the Si. Lawrence (Janais, where the latest improvements in machinery and gites are used. In arranging the lo(ka.;e it h.as not been fjunci necessary to place in ire than two locks ill ci.in'ain iiion, except at the Talon (!aure, where tiiree h.ive been combined, the contour of the ground prohibiting any other arrangement. The cost of the execuli<jn of this work will depend, more than anything else, upon the character of the rock, its hardness in excavation, and its suit.ibleness for purposes of construction, .'Vs has been before stated, the two great divisions of the Ottawa rocks are Laurentian and Silurian. The former are very hard, dilHicult to work, and too brittle for the face stone of locks ; while, on the other hand, the Silurian lime and sandstones are easily excavated, and, from the upi)er beds of the limestone known as the Trenton group, we can procure a bu'ldinR material excellent in every respect, both as regards ease of workmanship, strength and durability. From some of the .\rgilla''euus beds a good hydraulic cement can be obtained, such as is now made at Hull, opposite Ottawa City. We know, then, that from Montreal to Deep River, building stone lies all around us, but from th It p »int to Like Huron, it was much to be feared that ihe stone of the country, although good enough for b.ickmg lock walls, filling lock dams, and rough masonry in general, could not be dep.aided on for face work. Luckily, however, this is not true of the whole of that extent of country. .\ bed of yellow weathering, fossili- ferous limestone, on the North-east shore of the river, a little above the Deux Rivieres Rapids, will afford good stone for the structures in that district and on the lower Mat- tawan. At Talon Chute there is a vast mass of crystalline limestone, described in the Geo- logical Rei)ort, which is a fine grained and tolerably tough stone, and appears to be good enough for face work. Tne locks at that jjoinl have been estimated to be built of it. 'The face work of the remiinder of the locks upon the lower NLittawan is designed to be built from a (juarry of gray granite (probably an intrusive dyke) on the north side, about half a mile from the river, below Pares-^eux Chute. For the structures on French River, the face stone must come from the beds of Niagara limestone, on the Manitoiilin Islands of Lake Huron. This will much increase the cost of that portion of the work, and render its construction necessarily gradual. IV. SCALE OF NAVIGATION. The first point to consider is, whether we are designing a local or a through Naviga- tion. This would be decided by the general depth of the chain of waters, the difficulties 9 It::, of overcoming; the summit, the siipp'y of water, and other points, more or less closely connected with the pn;ccdin{;. 'I">) iliese my intention was first directed, and after careful personal examinations of the wliole route, aidL-ii by the i;rai)liic report of Mr. Siianly and the result of such Surveys as were at tlie time made, I was able dL'finituly t') decide, tiiat, whatever scale was fixed on sliould 1)0 wuh the view of cdrnpleting, at some future day, tlie through line of Navi- gation. It must i)e home in mind that this is exclusively a steam navigation ; sails, although useful aiiNili.uies, would nuver alone enable vessels to pass through this route, with any saving (if lime over that by liie W'elland (";m;il* .'iic next jioiiu is, whether we shall build locks fitted for large vessels ; or whether, pre^trving tlie dimensions suited to an inland and Local Navigation, we siiall cause a tr.inslii]iment to lake place at the mouth of French River, which is about half way be tween (^liiiago and Montreal by this route. This ipiestioM is determined by the length of Canal (or what is cipiivalent in delay to an artificial cm ) on the route where a large proportion of the distance is canal. I sho'ild then te^vimmend tninshipment ; for I believe tiie unwieldness of large vessels, on accLUnt of their top b.iinper being arted on by the wintl, — the risk of damage to the ves- sels an(i to the wotks in the nuiow channel ot the (!anal. and the delay arising from tlusi' c ;iii-c--., wouKi more tiian i)alance the cost and trouiilc of transhi|)menl into steam barges better siiiied lor l.'anal navigation.! .\s soon as I iiad ascertained that the length of Canal on the whole roiite, including Lachine, would not exceed 21/32 miles and that the remaining 401 "44 miles could be made a naviL;aiion allowing of as rapid a transit as the great Lakes themselves ; and in- deed more so, so fir as freedom from liead winds and storms is concerned ; I was then prep.Ui d to recomuieiui the larger scale, and an unbroken line of Navigation. it only remains to deride how large. When crops are good, and full freights offer, it is an admitted axiom, that, the larger the V'^>;sels the cheaper the cost of transport. It is a fortunate pecularity of this route that vessels can always depend upon making up full freights of sawed lumber from the inexhaustable pine forests of the Ottawa, manu- factured at every dam on the river. It requires then, I think, no argument to prove that we cannot err in providing to let down to Montreal the largest class of Propellers, now confined to the Upper Lakes by the limited size of the W'elland Canal. From these data, and after consultation with various jiersons experienced in the Lake Trade, I hive fixed iijjon the dimensions given, as follows: — The length proposed by Mr. Shanly, and suggested in the instructions of the De- partment, 250 (eet, is long enough for vessels of the desired touage. It does not, iiow- ever, seem desir.ible to exceed the breadth of the St. Lawrence Canals. 45 feet ; because this is in itself wide enough ; and because it makes the enlargement of the Lachine Canal attainable, without pulling down the present lock walls. The depth has i)een fixed at 12 feet, which is absolutely necessary if we wish to ad- mit vessels ot over six hundred tons, as will be seen from the table of large Propellers (given in Appendix K) for which I am indebted to the kindness of Capt. I). B Dobbins, Secretary of the ])oaid of Lake Underwriters, lUifTalo, N. Y. ta- les *\Vhen the (|Ucsiion dF llic iTil.irgcnieiit of ttio Kric Canal c.iiiie up sume years aj^o, this |Kiint was <liscussc'<l vi'ry llininiiplily, iiuil llio i>|iiniiiii of f.>r\var.ii;rs w s ihat, if ihc l'",rie Canal were lar^e enoi.i};h to nihnit ve^^els of 1,000 tons, they would >till prefer to Iransiiip at Diill.ilo. •f- In this I am suiiporteil by the opinion of Mr. Shanly. who has in his report so well ex[)rcsscil the character of this route, that I shall make no apoloi;y for (pioting il here. " It is as :i Steam N.ivigation, aivl more especially for that denomination of Steamers known as "Pro- pellers," that I believe the Dtlawa and i'rench River route is destiiH<l to hold a first place as a Channel of Trade. For vessels of that description the character of the waters, and of the region on either side of them, is peculiarly titled. Land locked for the t;reater portion of the way, the route will not in that re- spect be as advantageous for Sailing Craft as that by the great Lakes, but ihe inexhaustiiile supplies of wood at all points along it, and the facilities for taking iheir fuel on board at freipient intervals, will for- ever rentier the cost of working Steam Vessels lower on this than on any equal lenijth of Navigation on the continent. Here, too, the Tropeller can keep the even tenor of its way heedless of the storms which, sweeping .icross the Lakes in the Autumn of each year, cause such immense destruction of life and property." 10 Although, through the heavy cuttings, as where the distance is short, I have fol- lowed the width recommended by the Department, I oo feet on the bottom, I have not hesitated to increase the prism of the Canal generally to 146 feet on bottom ; as I believe that is not more than is required for vessels to pass with speed and safety. The depth has been fixed at one foot more than the locks — say 13 feet ; and in Lakes and Rivers will be 15 feet, and generally average 20 feet. V.-SPECIAL DESCRIPTIOiN. Commencing at the City of Montreal, we have the Lachine Canal common to both the St. Lawrence and Ottawa routes. It is 8.5 miles long ; has five locks, 200 ft. x 45 x 9, with a total lockage of 43. 715 feet. The prism of the Canal is 80 feet on the bottom, 120 at water surface, and averages 10 feet deep. This would have to be deepened, and the locks lengthened to admit vessels of the same tonnage as could pass the proposied Ottawa Canals. As neither the time nor means at my disposal have enabled me to make a survey of this, I have not included it in my estimate. The enlargemept involves no serious obsta- cles, and will, probablv, be made whether the Ottawa Navigation is opened or not, A map of Lake St. Louis, made tor the Commissioners of the St. Lawrence improve- ment, in 1842, by A. LaRue, P. L. S., shows a channel depth, somewhat circuitous, of not less than 15 feet from Lachine to Isle Perrot. For reasons given above. I have not made any survey here, but am informed by pilots that there are 15 feet, and over, along the North Shore of Isle Perrot, up to the foot of the present St. Annes Lock. I have my- self, taken soundings for half a mile below the lock, and over that distance can corrobor- ate the truth of their statement ; but it is much to be desired that there should be a new survey with soundings carefully made from St. Annes Lock to Lachine. SAINT ANNES. Length of Canal, 1.19 miles. 1 Lock, I ft. lift, L.W. ; 3.5 ft., H.W. Canal above, 125 ft. wide by 5000 ft. long. Guard pier below, 1000 feet long. Estimated cost, $469,672. I jiropose to enlarge the ])resent lock to the requisite dimensions, as it occupies the best point that can be selected. In order to do this it will be necessary to put in a coffer dam and pump it dry, take down the east wall, and get the pit sunk to the proper depth, as early in the spring as the weather will admit of laying stone. Then by working night and pay. it would be possible to complete the new lock without dehtving the opening of the navigation for more than three or four weeks. I will be necessary to build a guard pier 1000 feet long helow the lock, on the side next the rapid, to cut off the current, which, at high water, is strong enough to incommode vessels very much. This will be an ordinary crib-pier filled with stone. Above the lock, the river bed is Potsdam Sandstone, in strata of from five to eigh- teen inches thick, somewhat tilted upon one another, and covered with boulders from the Laurentian rocks. The average depth, from the head of the lock tc the water suddenly deepens to eighteen feet, is eight feet, and the feet. I propose to make a double line of timber piers, 15 feet wide and 1 15 feet apart, for the whole distance. Half of the width of each pier to be filled with earth lining and sheetpiled, and the enclosed area divided into sections by water-tight bulk heaks. The rock is seamy and would leak a good deal but by puttiug in powerful steam pumps and shortening the length of the section to be laid dry in proportion to the leakage, it would be perfectly practicable to keep down the water until the excavation was made to the required depth of five feet. The stone would be used to fill the outside compartments of the piers, and the excess deposited outside of that. The bulkheads would be removed, and the whole thing would be an artificial canal 125 feet wide, and 13 feet deep, in the bed of the river, while the piers would serve as guides to keep vessels from straying out of the channel. I have been particular to describe this in detail, as a simlar method wiil be proposed for submarine rock excavation wherever it may occur. a point where distance 5000 II h- >in :re oo "or nd he nd Id he of The face and backing of locks IS estimated to come fnnii the neighboring quarries of Cha/.y limestone at I'oini Claire of which the piers of the Victoria Bridge are built ; filling of cribs out of the excavation. This is unijiiestionably the best way to make the improvement, for were the pro- posed canal located on the shores of the Island of Montreal, as has oeen sometimes |)ro])Osed, the amount of under water rock excavation required to reach 15 (eet of water from the shore, both above and below, would actually exceed that on the line 1 propost, and we should have, in addition, an enormous amount of excavation on land, and an ex- pensive bridge to build for the (Irand Trunk Railway. lAKK OK TWO M(>UNTAINS. The head of the Saint Aiines Cana would be 23 miles from Montieal. Krom the 23rd to 24th mile, according to the surveys of \V. 1>. (lallwcy, C K., |)!actd in my hands by the duiiartment, it has a depth of from 20 10 30 feet. Fiom ihe 24th tu the 26}jth milt, the low water depth does not exceed 13 to 14 feet, and I am unable to say whether the l)ottom is rock or sonic material that could, if required, be dredged. From the 2(jJ.jih mile to the foot ol the Carillon rapids at the 47 ^th mile, the channel is 50 feet j,nd the navigation is straight and uninqieded. Carillon. Length ol Canal 0.5 miles. 2 locks, 12 ami 5 feet litt ; passing basin, 2000 ft. long. Rolling Dam, ijuo ft. overfall ; litt ot water, 6.25 feet. Estimated cost, $307,742. At Carillon the river is obstructed for 1 3 miles by a reef of calciferous sandstone with only two or three feet of water running over it, excejjt in the ''Sickle'' channel, about 150 ft. wide and 9 or 10 deep, and, as its name imphes, very crooked. The fall, at the stage of water when we levelled it, was 8.75 feet. 'I'his has been overcome by the military canal, built by the Impeiial Government, 2 09 miles long ; locks uj), 23 leet, by two locks 128 x 32.5 x 55, and down again 13 to 15 feel by one lock of the same size, and is fed from the North river. The prism of tiie canal is very irregular, being from 18 to 40 feet wide on bottom, and 50 to 80 at surface, say 5.5 deep in the centre, gradually shoaling to each side. It runs from 5 to 16 feet cutting to water surface, principally rock. The locks are in a \ery ruinous state, and cannot last many years longer in their present condition. The great amount of rock excavation necessary to enlarge this canal to the new scale, its twelve to fifteen feet of unnecessary lockage, and bad location of the lower lock, forbid us attempting to improve the present work. I have located the new canal on the south shore of the river. The water is 25 to 30 feet deep up to the lower lock, which is at the foot of the current, near the house of the late Judge Macdonald, Point Fortune. The passing basin is defended from the river by a wall of stone laid in cement battering 2" in 12", backed by a bank of loose rock out of the excavation, sloping 1 ^ to i towards the river, and the whole paved with stone set on edge. The rolling dam stands on flat rock, free from boulders, and except in the channel, the depth of water is not over two feet. It will have a slide for timber, ind the height of water above its crest will range from 2.57 to 8. 11 feet. By removing some fifty thousand cubic yards of rock between the upper lock and the head of the rapid, this dam across the river could be dispensed with. On referring to the map it will be seen that the proposed canal occupies the place of the side dam just constructed. To gather enough depth of water to run deal and timber cribs, as we are obliged to destroy this channel, we must provide a new one ; and there is no way so practicable as to raise the water by a dam, which shall contain a broad and short slide leading directly into deep water below. The lock stone will come either from the Pointe Claire quarries, or those of Isle Bizard. The loose stone for dam filling, out of the excavations, and the stone for the wall, to be laid in cement, can be got out of the bed of the river in such size and shape as will enable it to be laid up into a wall with scarcely any dressing. On this account I h!l 12 have considered that $3 25 yer cubic yard Wi)iild hj sut'ficij.it ; which price iiiijjlies that but Utile labor is required. {•IIUTK A lll.ONIHAU. Length of ranal, 0.07 miles. One lock, ten fcei lilt. Rolling dam, over fall, 1750 ft., lift 12 ft. Light dam, cement masonry, 1550 ft. long. l*'.stimated c()st,$ 144,51 5. A stretch ol five miles ot still water over ,p ft deej), brings us to this rapid, about yoo ft. long, and failing 4 ft. 'I'he Military Canal is here formed by cutting (tff a point of rock, and has one lock of the same size as at ('arillon. The canal is forty feet wide, and cut through rock, about th? same depth. We place the new lock in a channel between the island and the present lock, and follow the line of reef with one dam, the depth, e.Kcept in channel, not being over two or three feet. This dam has a slide for timber similar to Carillon. 'I'he ol)ject of raising the water 12 ft. by this d.im is as follows ; — The lower end of the i)resent (Irenville Canal is through rock cutting. 15y raising the water at the Chute a Hlondeau, we can follow the river for i.i miles above the present lovver lock of the Cirenvilie Canal, shortening the new one by so much; and saving a large amount of rock cutting.* I'he lock stone is estimated to come fr<mi the same point as Carillon. Stone for dams can be procured on the spot. CRENVM.I.r:. Length of canal, 4.43 miles One pair ot combined locks, 12 ft. lift each. Passing basin, 400 ft. long. One lock 6'j feet lift : prism of canal 150 ft. at surface, 146 on bottom and 13 deep ; at head for 2000 ft., 100 ft. wide on bottom. Guard lock, i to 1 5 ft. lift. Estimated cost, $1,197,852. The bed of the Ottawa, at the foot of the Long Sault, which is an almost continuous rapid for five miles, with a fall of forty-five feet, consists of calciferous sandstone, covered with boulders (rom the Laurentian crystalline rocks. These are worn smooth and polished by the water, are of all si/,es,and in many places entirely conceal the rock in position. This makes so bad a foundation for artificial structures, that we are driven perforce out of the bed of the river, and can do nothing lUt enlarge the present Gren- ville Canal, which is generally well located on a strip of flat land lying between the high bank and the margin of the river. As has been stated, we leave the river i.i miles above Greece's Point, and lock up at once to the (irenville level, in order to raise the bottom of the canal out of cutting. The new line joins the old one in about a mile, follows it for about a mile and a half, and then, to avoid rock cuttings, runs along the river's edge, which forms one bank, while the other is formed by a stone wall laid in cement, backed by a bank of loose rock out of the excavation of the head, and sloped i ^ to i toward the river, and paved. The new canal follows the old line, cutting through the neck of land upon which the Village of Grenville stands. Here, for 2000 feet, the width has been estimated to be 100 feet, with sides nearly vertjcal. The embankments ('not river wall) are formed by dry bat- tered wall, backed with earth filling. If, instead of using these stone walls, laid on dry land, and in cement in river wall, the embankments were dressed to a slope of i »4 to i and paved, the estimated cost of this section ccild be reduced about $300,000. •The Chute a Blondeau is one of the few points on the Ottawa where the phenomenon of "ice- oacking" takes place. The floating ice which has come down the Long Sault, is arrested by ihe sheet of still water below this rapid, jammed under it and "packed," until an ice-dam is formed, raising the river some 25 to 30 feet above its summer level. The effect of the proposed dam would be to form a still lake for some three miles above it, which would be frozen over with a thick sheet of ice, and the "packing" if it took place at all, would be re- moved some three miles up the river, above the point fixed fur the lower entrance of the Qr^nville Canal. The lock-stone can be brought from below by the present canals ; all the other stone can be got out of the river, or near by ; and, as at Carillon, will require but little labor to lay it into a good wall. All the rock from Carillion to (Irenville is roft, lies in thin strata, and can he easily got out. I have considered $i per cubic yard as an ami)le allowance, except at Chute a Mlondonu, where the rock is harder and there is less of it, and I have called it .$125 per yard. 'I"he lock stone is easily dressed and can be carried from the (piarries, to where it is wanted, m scows : distance 25 to ^^ miles. I have con- sidered that $12 for face and $6 for packing, averaging $8 would be sufticient. .'\t the head of the Long Sault is a great sand-shoal, partly dry at low water ; but follow- ing close to the norlh shore we have 24 to 30 feet. I'rom (irenville to Ottawa, the river runs in a level valley, with low shores of blue tertiary clays ; a considerable extent is overflowed by high water, and covered with sand deposited by the river. The width is from one to two thousand feet, and the channel depth 30 feet, until we get to the "tlreen Shoal," some 8 or 9 miles below Ottawa Cil/. Here a ralciferous sandstone reef runs clear across the river, diminishmg the f^tpth at low water to eight feet for a length of five hundred feet. It will be necessary to pursue the same course here, that has been recommended at St. Annes, and remove the stone by a coffer dam, the sides of which should be left for guide jMers to indicate the channel. Helwen this place and Ottawa City, there are some sand shoals that must be dredged, but no more rock. The sum estimated for the improvement of this section is$i3r),io5. The i)lans of this part ot the river furnished me by the Department from the surveys of Mr. dallwey being unfinished, I have obtained the distance from (Irenville to Ottawa City through the kindness of Sir William Logan, who calculates it at 55.25 miles in a straight line, .\llowing for the bends of the river, I have called it 56.07. CH.VUOIERE .\NU DKS CHENKS, Length of C'anals : Chaudiere, 2 miles ; Des Chenes 0.61. Total, 2.61. Slides channel ; pair of combined locks 1 1 14 feet lift each ; passing basin 600 feet long ; i)air of combined locks, 11';^ feet lift each ; water surface above raised 3.7 feet by prolongation of present dam from head of mill flume, across islands to Sparks' Point. Sparks' Point ; i lock, 8' j feet lift ; stone side dam. 1700 feet long ; rolling dam at head at little (!liaudiere, 2000 feet over-fall ; lift of water four feet, drowns out Remoux. Remoux ; coffer dam and rock excavation. Des Chenes: i lock, 8j4 feet lift ; canal banks battered wail of stone in cement, backed with stone filling, and paved. Estimated cost, S816.733. At Ottawa City the river is interrui)ted by rapids and falls for 6 36 miles, having a decent between Ottawa harbor and Des Chenes Lake of about 60 feet, *36 of which are taken uj) by the Chaudiere, a magnificent f.ill which affords one of the finest water powers on the continent. Several lines had been previously surveyed for this Canal, but I have preferred to fol- low the river, shortening the length of Canal required, and much diminishing the amount of rock-cutting, and consequent expense. IJut little land is overflowed, and that chiefly swamp. Two mills would be destroyed, (Sparks, and the Britannia,) but the new \mv\- leges would be better than those now existing. Stones for the dams can be got out of the excavation, and e.\cellent lock stone from the Trenton group ov limestones, abounds close at hand. Lake Des Chenes, or as it is sometimes called, Chaudiere Lake, is 26.69 miles long, and varies from half a mile to two miles in width ; and according to Mr. dallwey, its general channel depth is from 20 to 30 feet of water. Below the river Quio the channel is crooked for a short distance, the depth 14, 16 and 18 feet, and some points might have to be taken off. From there to the foot of the Chats there is 25 to 30 feet. * At the time we took our levels, the fall between Des Chenes Lake and Ottaw.i harbor was 59.5 feet but the difference between the recorded levels of low water is 63 feet. If this is correct, of which I have some doubts, it is owing to the greater evaporation on the longer level below. It has been thought prudent to provide for sixty-three feet of lockage. Below, the river rises more than at any other point, some 20 to 24 feet. This is attributed to the /act that the Gatineau, a very large river, comes in a little below at right angles to the main river, and draws back its waters. 14 CHATS. Length of Canal, 0.6 miles. Chats Island ; i pair of combined locks, 1 2 feet lift eacli ; p.issin^ tusin, 400 feet long ; clay emhankment pived ; i pair of combined locks, i 2 and 6 feet lift ; roilmi; dam 3700 feet over-fall ; tight dam, 300 feet ; lift of surface .\ feet. (>liats Rapids : i l.xk, eight feet lilt ; rolling dam, 2100 teet s|)il ; tight ilams, 1000 feet long; lift of surface, eight feet, up to low water level of (^bais Lake. Head of Kai)ids ; coffer dam and rock excavation. lCslimati.d cost, $6.Si,(>32. This, it will be observed, differs entirely from the old route of the Chats Canal. A considerable proportion of the exc.ivatiol; necessary to finish that w. irk to the sc.ile origi- nally contemplated (60 feet wide, and 7 deep,) has been done, but it forms a very insignificant amount of that retpiired for the new scale. The canal ends below m Mig l>ay, a sheet of water about a mile long, ijuite shallow, and with a bottom of gneiss rock. The ilepth at low water for 700 feet is not over 5.5 ; for 1000 feet not (jver <S 5 ; and for 1600 feet, at the entrance, not over 6 or 7 feet, although most of this is |)ri)l)ably clay, and could be dredged. The only way a sufficient depth can be got excejH at a ruinous expense, is to throw a dam across the mouth of Big Bay, and raise the surf.ace, placing a lock on what is called Hudson's Point. •My estimate for the compli'tion of the present Chats Canal on this plan, to a scale uniform with the rest of the river, is $1,465,439. [See aiinendix ] 'I'here being some difficulties in ascertaining theamount of work done, I have credited the work with the whole amount expended, as per last re!) irt of l)j|)artment of i'ablic Works, amounting to .$ 324,000, leaving a balance to be yet expended of ,$1,141,439, My estimate for the new work has been stated at $681,932, showing that it would t)e a saving to the Province of $459,507 to abandon the work alreaily done on the old rou;e and take the nevs. The length of Canal on the old loute is three miles, and is (]uite crookfd ; on the new rojte we have only ,"„ of a mile, being the locks and i)assing l)asin. The rest of it will be as good navigation as any part of the river. I have no hesitation in recommending the adojition of the new route. We cross the Chats Island with four locks, as stated above and run a low liam along' the line of reefs at the head of the main fall, raising the surtace enough to drown out currents up to our upper lock. The water does not exceed three feet in dejjth on the line of dam, cxce[)t in the channels, and there are so many islands to work frtim. that the difiiculty of building a dam here is not so great as at first sight would ajjpear. The depth of water will not be less than from 20 to 25 feet from this point to the upi)er lock and dam. This brings us to the level of Chats Lake, and we have iS to 30 feet depth as far as the reef at the present head of the rapids. At what is called the canoe channel, there is now a depth of ten feet, but it is narrow and crooked. It sbjies above into 13 feet of water in about 300 feet, and, below, pitches off at once into iS feet of water. After the dam has been built below, and water stilled, it will be necessary to put in a coffer dam here, and remove some rock, which is chiefly crystalline limestone, leaving the sides of the dam for guides, as at Green Shoal. The lock stone for this work should come from the quarries of Black River limestone on Des Chenes Lake. Stone for dams can be got in the neighbourhood. I have estimated the face stfine at $12, and the backing at $6.50 per cubic yard, or an average of $8.25. Up to this ])lace whatever rock excavation has been necessary, was through Silurian lime and sandstones of soft texture. But this rocky barrier, over which the river tumbles in some thirty different chutes, is one of the Laurentian series, and consists of hornblendic gneiss, mica slates, and crystalline limestone. The strata are considerably inclined, dip in the direction of the current, and the "strike" is generally at right angles to the direc- tion of the stream, as may be plainly seen from the course of the reef. These rocks are all hard to work. The crystalline limestone is much the easiest, and I huve allowed $1.50 per cubic yard for it. The mica slates, and particularly the hornblendic gneiss of a greasy texture, and greenish red color, such as is found at the lower end of the canal excavations, are hard to drill, and require much power to break them up. The price which I have allowed, and which is proportioned to the rock prices over the rest of the river, is $2.50 per cubic yard. 15 The Chats Lake is a fine slict'i cjf water i8 miles long, and from half a mile to three miles wide, with a channel depth of from 25 to 30 feet. From the head of this Lake to the head of the Calumet Island, a distance of 31.07 miles by the North or Calumet f'hanne!, and 24.79 miles ^'X 'he South or "Rocher Feiidu" channel, the river has a total I'nll ot 10J.4.S feet, and is much obstructed by ra|)ids and stioals. On the north channel more than half the full is concentrated at one point, the Clrand Calumet Falls, and there are longer stretches of still water. The south channel is a continuous rapid for much of the distance. In decidm^ between theso two channels, several thing were apparent without further instrumental survf-y : I. The Calumet was 6.28 miles longer than the other II. From the head of the Calumet Falls to La Passer 17 miles, the bed of the river is cut through sandy alluvial soil, is very crooked, and is filled with shifting sand-bars and shoals, that would have to be dredged, not only once, to open the navigation but continually to keep it open. III. The timber slides now occupy the Calumet channel, and as there is not room for both timber and vessles, if we take this channel new slides must be built on the Rocher F'endu, I v. The nature of the ground at the Calumet Falls would require three locks in combination. rhe very important question of cost could not be determined without making loca- tion of locks and dams on both channels, and estimating on each. The Lock at the Snows is common to both routes ; the lit't at the upper one at Por- tage du Foi t, and the height of dam, would have to be increased six feet. Two locks and a dam, and o 28 miles of canal at the "Mountain" chute, and five locks and a dam at the "(Irand Calumet." raising the water to the level of the river at the head of the island. Here the only i)Ossible location for the canal s on the site of the present slides. A ravine to the left of the fall was surveyed in 1857. 15ut even by combining all the five locks at the lower en I, there would be fifty feet cutting for one mile, which, even for a canil of a hundred feet wide, would require the removal of nearly a million yards of rock. — This is, of course, impracticable. In comparing the cost of the two routes, the lockage is the same ; and the difference of dams is not enough to affect the estimate materially. But the "Calumet" route would have in excess, 167,500 cubic yards rock cutting, at $1,50 .... 1,000,000 " dredging, at 35c ..... Shewing a difference of cost of over the Rocher Fendu route. Taking all these things into account, I have no hesitation in recommending the Rocher Fendu for improvement, and shall describe how it can be done. $25>.25o 350,000 $601,250 CHENAUX OR "SNOWS. Total length of Canal, 0.2 miles. I lock, 6 feet lift. Dam 1,267 fset. Estimated cost, $133,356. The rapids of the Ottawa are caused by reefs. These are the remains, more or less worn away of the rocky barriers which once separated the different lakes In the limestone formations; the whole bar has generally been washed away, leaving an entirely submerged reef. But among the Laurentian rocks, the river cuts channels through the softer veins, leaving the harder rocks protruding above water in the form of islands. The "Snows" is a place where even the reefs be- tween the islands have been worn away, so that it is now merely a contraction in the channel, forming what hydraulic writers call a ''discontinuous weir." 10 In summer the volume of water is only sufficient to dam itself u|) some six or eij,'ht inches,* f(jrminn a sli^iht ripple; but in floods the water above rises from three to four feet, making a rapid too strong for steamboats to ascend. Three methods oi impiovement have been suggested: — 'I'o raise the (,"hats Lake and drown out th;,- rapid ; — To remove the islands which obstruct the channel ; — To put a lock in one of the channels. When a river channel is contracted, the water dams itself up until it has attained a head sut'ticicnt to give itself velocity enough to pass through a narrow passage. Raising the water below will not prevent this from taking place, unless it is raised enough to give it an area of flowai^o ecjual o that of the avi'rage chinitel of the river. To do this here would rc'iuire a lit't of the (Jhats Lake so great as to be inadvisable. '!"() enlarge the area fnjm S,4oo to 20,000 s(jiiare feet, l)y removing obstructions, would rnjiiire too nuicb rock ixcavation. We are, therefore, reduced to the third plan, as recommended i)y I'. \\. Norman, C. 1^ . in his report to the dei)artment last year, and must i)Ut a lock in one of the chan- nels. The (!anoe Channel has been selected as the best ; and the Steainlvoat Channel will be left open for the decending trade ; but ail the others will be closed by low dams. This will raise the water si.x feet f above its present level. In the spring the high water will pour over these dams. I have gone somewhat more into detail in describing this place than its imjjortance would seem to warrant ; because, from its being the line of the present steamboat naviga- tion, it has been much discussed, and many plans suggested for its improvement, both by professional and amateur engineers. 'I'he lock stone should come from the superior quarries at the lower end of Chats Lake. J'0RT.\(;K I>ll FORT. Length of canal, 0.24 miles. I lock I 2 feet lift, ]).issing basin 400 feet long 1 lock 8 feet lift. Rolling dam, 2,664 feet long. Tight dam, of masonry, 1,360 feel ; lift of surface, io."». Estimated cost, $287,396. Here we have a multitude of islands and channels, but the reefs between are not worn down more than two or three feet below the surface of the water, with one exception a narrow channel called the "Devil's Kibow," which is over twelve feet dee]). 'I'he locks will be placed at the head of the island to which runs the dam of Usborne's Mills. From the locks to the north shore the dam is a tight one, with a flume to admit water and logs to the mills. The remainder is a rolling dam, giving free discharge to the flood waters. The timber slides will not be disturbed, except to lengthen them for the increased fall. The locks may be built cf a crystalline limestone, known as I'ortage du Fort marble, and the dams of the same. *Thu cross section of this point Kivcs an area equal to th.it of a channL'l 420 feet wide, l)y 20 feet ileep. The river al)ove averages 1000 feet wide, by 20 feet deep. l!y the formula for discontinuous weirs, where /'= breadth of channel = 420 feet. (/= depth = 20 feet. // = heip;ht to which it is dammed =6. lo of a foot. r/=cpi.intity of disch.irge in cuhic feet per iiccom\,=g/)^2 ,f/i ( + '/)=32,2S4 cubic feel. The quantity was guaged at same time, and a mile above was 30,913. At high water </ becomes 28 /i '• 4 (f " 127,000 agreeing very nearly with other observations of H. VV. discharge. t Call (/= 12,254 cubic feet, per second. d — 20 feet (4=6 feet, height required. And /' = breadth required. The formula, q b= 9(5^ A -(- a) ^2g h = losj feet which is about the breadth of the present steamtxiat channel, which may be left alone. And by closing the others, the water will be dammed up six feet. '7 RCCIIKR Kknoc. LstiRth of Canal, 0.6 r miles. X locks and 5 dams, as follows ; — Roclier-Kondii Chute Canal, 0.07 miles. I lock ten feel lift ; dam 450 feet lonj^. Lift of surface 13 teel. I.onj; Ripids (Janal, 0.12 miles. Pair of comliined locks, 14 and (t feet lift ; rollmg dam 600 feet ; tight dam 500 feet ; lift 1 7 feet. I.afontaine's Rapids, length 0,23 miles. 1 lock 12 feet lift; hasin .jtjo feel long; 1 lock 12 feel lift; dam 350 feet long ; lift 17 feet. Nornnn's Rapids, length 0.12 miles. Pair combined locks 12 feet each : dam ^50 feet flat, 100 feel tight; lift 23 feet. Hlack Kails , length 0.7 miles. (luard lock, 2 to 4 feet lift; light stone dam iioo feet long; low water lift 2.4 feet. Kstunaled cost, $836,o.S.S. The dam at Portage du Korl will drown out the small ra|)ids known as the "Split Rock and Tables," and give sufficient dejUh of water as far as the Rocher-Fendu Lake which, according to the surveys of T. E. Norman, Ksc;., is 30 to 60 feet in de|)th. The distance from I'ortage du Fort to the head of this lake, where we have a lock and dam is 7.35 miles. A distance of 1.61 miles takes us to Long Rajuds, where are two locks and a dam. The lift of water, 17 feet, drowns out La IJarriere, .Muskrat, and Mice Rai)ids, all of which have channels worn through the reefs, so thai there will be no necessuy for submarine rock excavation, while ihe shores are bold and high enough lo ))rcvcnl much land from being overflowed. We are now at the foot of what is called l.afontaiue IsLmd, and here the river is divided into three channels. It is proposed lo follow the south ciianucl, and by building a tight stone dam above Black's Falls al the head of the island, to shut out the flood water and drive il down the other two channels, only admitting enough for navigation. Otherwise, the amount of water discharged in flood it so great in |)ro|)ortion lo the contracted size of liie channel, that il would be difficult either to build structures, or use them after they were done. By availing our- selves of the existence of these other channels to take o(T the surplus water, we can lay our work without coffer dams, and regulate force of currents as we please. Five locks and three dams take us lo the head. .Some of the crystalline limestone is good enough for locks, some stone will come from the quarries on Allumettes Island above, and jjerhaps some from I'ortage du Fort or Chats Lake. The rock on this part of the river, although of the Laurentian series will not be so hard as that al the Chats, owing lo the greater amount of ciystalline limestone, and lo the preponderance of felspar in the gneiss, which is easily acted on by the weather, and causes the gneiss to crumble, and become broken up. I have estimated the rock exca- vation at $1.50 per cubic yard. Stone for dams can be got in the locality. From the head of the Calumet Island to the foot of the Allumettes Island, the river expands into what is known as Lake Coulonge. At its foot the river is divided into several channels and islands. The main body of water passes on the west side, and has not been sounded until this year. The other channels are quite shallow, but this has 20 feet and over, except at one point, where, for five hundred feet in length, there is not over ten feet at low water. Through the remainder of Lake Coulonge according to plans made under the direc- tion of Mr. Shanly, and furnished me by the department, there is 25 to 30 feet in depth of water. The river is again divided into two channels by the Allumettes Island ; the Northern of which, known as the Culbute, is much the better suited for navigation. This Channel is narrow with hold shores, and the fall 18.26 feet, is concentrated into rapids at the head, the Culbute and I'lslet. For nine miles from the foot of the islandt IH Up to a slight rapid ot five or six inches fall, known as the (Jhapeau, and caused by a con- traction of the channel, we must follow the natural hcd of the river, which is somewhat crooked, and will rec^uire a considerable amount of dredging, |)articulariy at the mouth of lilack Kiver, a turbulent stream which brings down nmch sand during spring freshets. It is probable that there will be some boulders, and points of reef below water, to be removed. l*'or the improvement of this section there has been estimated the sum of $262,514. Chai'Hau and L'Isi.et. Length of canal, 0.14 miles. Chapeau : i lock, 1 2 feet lift, and rolling dam 500 feet long ; tight dam, 240 feet ; lift of surface, 11.5 feet. LIslet : I lock, 6 feet lift, L. W. ; 12 feet, H. W. : ti^hi dam, 700 feet loa.^ ; lift ot surface 9.5 feel. Kuimated cost, $243,507. The lift ot 1 1.5 feet at the Chapeau, gives good navigation for 5 85 miles to the foot of rislet. Here a tight dam of masonry in cement, as at Hlack's Kails, will keep out the flood waters, and drive them down the broad Pembroke channel, and the lock is located in the channel between the island and the north shore. This raises the surface of the water above I'lslet to the level of the river at Fort Wil- liam, and drowns out the Culbute, which rapid darts through a narrow gorge in the rock, not over eighty feet wide, with high perpendicular cliffs on either hand. It will be necessary to tak : three or four feet off the top of the reef for about fifty feet in length. This can be done by putting in a short temporary dam at the head, after the water is raised and made still by the dam below. Then, on opening the gates of the lower dam. the bed of the river will be laid dry at this point, and the rock can be removed, aftt r which the coffer dam above must be taken out. The lock stone for these works is estimated to come from the quarries on .Allumeltes Island, four or five miles from the work. Stone for dam can be got near by. Although it does not properly fall w 'n the limits of this report, yet I shall take the liberty ot calling the attention of the c mmissioners to the fact that the expenditure of the above named sum of $243,507, would extend the i)resent steamboat navigation from Des Joachims to the head of Calumet Falls, a distance of 75 miles. From thence the macadamized road just finished by the department, would avoid the 8.41 miles of obstructed navigation, between the steamboat landing above the Calumet and Portage du Fort, the present head of navagation on Chats Lake ; avoiding the expensive and tedious detour of Muskrat Lake. An additional expenditure of$So,ooo would build the lock at the Snows. The dam would not be required at present. I know no point above the City of Ottawa where so little expenditure would do so much for the local trafHic, as at these places. From the head of Culbute to Fort William, 5.3 miies, the river is much broken up by rocky islands, but according to the soundings laid down on the plans of Mr. Shanly, there is a deep, although somewhat tortuous channel. From Fort William to the Rapid des Joachims, we have the fine stretch of water known as Deep River ; this is very straight, one to two thousand feet wide, and 27.6 miles long. The depth is very great, and said to be over 100 fathoms in some places ; the shores are very bold, and the general character of the scenery resembles that ot the Saguenay on a small scale, Des Joachims Total length of canal 0.57 miles. Pair combined locks, 13 feet lift each. Passing basin 200c feet long. Embanked by material taken from the excavation and sides of river. Slopes paved. One single lock, la feet lift. Dam, 1,272 feet long ; length of overfall, i, 148 feet; lift of surface, 17.8 feet. Estimated cost, $327,774 This rapid is 1.84 miles long and falls 26.4 feet. It comes nearly at right angles to the general course of the river, which, if prolonged, would run through a series of lakes, and strike the river again about three miles above. A line of levels were taken by Mr. G. H. Perry, to see vhether this chain of lakes might be followed and a canal cut through ii) the ridge, (lividin^ thorn i'rom the river. Although the distance in less than a mile, the cuttinK even with |)ru|)()SL-d dam at head ul Des Joachims, would average 20 feet, which would re(|Uire the removal of over 400,000 cubic yards, principally rock. [lonce we pre- fer to follow the north shore of the river itself. 'I'he rock occupies the place of the slides, which will have to he removed to the south side of the island, where mere is a very good place for them. Face stone of locks is estimated to con>e from Pembroke ([uarries. All other stone can be obtained in the neighbourhood. McSORLEV's at do to ces. Length of canal, 0. 13 miles ; i lock ten leet lift.. Length of dam, 1,38^ feet ;length of overfall 1,041 feet ; lift of surface, 16.5 (eet. Kstimated cost, $1^)9,375. From the upper lock at Des Joachims, a distance of 13.68 miles brings us to a series of small rapic's of 3 feet fall, where we put in a lock on the south side of the river, and a dam. It is necessary to raise the water eleven feet on the foot of the Rocher Capitaine ; and to avoid making the dam at the Joachims so high, this intermediate dam at McSor- ley's is designed. The face stone of the lock must come from the Pembroke (|uarrics. backing, and other stone, adjacent to the works. Rocher Caimtaink. Total length of canal, 0.65 miles. Single lock, 13 feet lift: |)assing basin, 1,000 feet long, ^[aterial for bank, taken from excavation ; slopes paved. Single lock six feet lift, I.. W., 12 feet H. W. Dam, 1,005 f*iet ; lift of surface, 22.4 feet ; pool, o. 70 miles long. Pair of combined locks, 13 and 6 feet lift ; dam 1,702 feet long; overfall, 1,400 feet ; lift of surface, 21.5. feet. Kstimated cost, $533,544. The Rocher Capitaine, which it is proposed to overcome in the above manner, is one of the largest rapids on the Ottawa, falling 40.9 feet in a distance or 1.35 miles. The locks are located on the north side of the river. The bank is composed of an immense mass of boulders of all sizes worn smooth by the water. It covers a space of about two scjuare miles, and ris<!S some sixty feet above the water. Fortunately, between these boulders and the river there is a strip of solid rock in position, upon which we place the locks and canals. The bottom ot the river is smooth rock, the depth where the dams run is not great, and, except that the upper dam must be long, there is no special difficulty in overcoming this rapid. The face stone of locks is estimated to be got from the Pembroke cjuarries ; but the expense would be less, if the canal, hereafter described at the Deux Rivieres, were built first, as the stone would then come from the quarries above it, without transhipment. The rest of the materials can be got near the work. Deux Rivieres. Length of canal, 0.46 miles. Pair of combined locks, 12 feet lift each ; passing basin, 500 feet long. Material of bank from excavation ; slopes paved ; single lock, 12 feet lift, passing basin, 500 feet long ; single lock, 6 feet lift ; upper locks, on timber foundations. Dam, total length, 1,292 feet ; overfall, 938 feet, lift of surface 33.9. feet. Estimated cost, $419,942. The rapids, known as Deux Rivieres, Trou and La Veillee, occupy 3.15 miles, and fall 31. 1 feet. The fall in the river, from their head, to Johnson's Rapids, a distance of 17.85 miles, is 9.7 feet, most of which occurs in the rapids, at the Rocky Farm, which occupy 4.7s miles. It was thought best to put in a high dam at the Deux Rivifcres and then back the waters to Johnson's Rapids, as the facilities were greater for that mode of construction, than for putting in another dam and lock between the two, and the amount of land overflowed is quite insignificant. The locks are situated on the south side of the river, on a flat piece of land, well suited for their location ; the lock stone will come from beds of a yellow or buff colored •JO fossililorous limcstono, wliicli appi-ars on llic north side of tlu' liviT, a!)oiit throt- iiiilcs ai)ovL', ami proinisL's to afford a uood liiiikliiii; sioiu'. ( )tlK'r htoiu' can be t;(.; near at hand. JOHNSONS UAI'IDS. I,(.'n_i;th ol c.inal, 045 miles. Sinj;1c lock ij feel liti : jiasMn;^ hasiii i()oo feet lonu ; raised with earth ami stone trom riiltim; : slopes |)aved ; sin-le lock 011 tiinher (oiindation, S.:; feet lilt at 1,. W. up to i ] leet at II. W. : dam j()j(. te<'l lon^; : overfall jcoo feet ; lift of siirt are j 1 teel. The loi ks and canal are on the noith side of the liver on a strip of llal lantl. The dam stands in 41 . feet of water at I,. W. rile lock stone will come from ijiiarnes below, other stone near by. This dam drains the rapids jnsi helo.v the mouth of the M iitawan. and the currents in thai river. .\f[{\ tlirows 1 ^ teel ot w.uer up )n the Ion of the I'lein ( !nants rapids, _^..jo miles above. "4 M Mi'.wv.w Ki\ i:k. •At T'ort .Mattawan ^oS miles from Montreal, we leave the Ottawa which turns to iht; northward, and IS still a iari;e river, the amount of water passini; in summer bein;; but little less th.m that runnini; over th.e (Miauditre at Ottawa. This is otvini.; to the fact that as we descend, the river expands into witle lakes, ami loses by evaporation nearly as much as it receives Irom its ttibutaries. I'Vom this i»oint to I'rench Kiver, I camiol do better than to(|uote from the reoort of my princijile assistant, Mr, V). R. iilackwell: - "On connnenciii'; exaim'nations lor a work of the contemplated <:haracterand maj;ni- tiide of the improvement of the Ottaiva and i'Vench River waters, the fiistthinj; presenl- in.L; itself as indis[)ensibly necessary, was to obtain a reliable section of I'"rench River. Lake Nipissini^, and the sunnmt or height ol laiul between Nipissini; and Trout j.ikes. The e.\aniinations were commenied at the principal mouth of the middle outlets of French River on the joili November 1858. "This debouchment of Fiench River is entirely land locked. To the west lie a lari;e grouj) of islands known as the ''liusiard Islands," which completely shelter the mouth of the river from thu westerly and the southwesterly winds of ('ijoii;ian iJ.iy.The mam land affords protection from the northerly winds. "The channel to the entrance of French River lies at the northerly extremity, and close under these islands. There appear to be several deep and broad channels divided by Kunken reels, and I am -jonfident that a spacious entrance cm be marked out, free from these treacherous sunken rocks which mark the whole coast ol ("jeoii^i.ui Hay.* "l""roin the mouth of l'"rench River, for the distance of j.j.j miles, the river is straii't. broad, and deep ; the banks bold, and the i^ray crystalline gneiss rocks rise perpe 'icular out of the water, ami make it resemble more the deej) bays of the lake than ii mouth of a river. ".\ his tiisiance from the bay, the river makes a turn nearlv at riylu angles fo the right, and necomes quite narrow ; and here *'I,es I'etites Dalles Ra|)ids.'' form a barrier to navigation ; the fall at this jioint is six feet. Tlie rapids are about ninety feet in width, and it is about 1 ido feet from deej) water below to deep water above. The rock on the north rises nearly pjr|iendicular to the height (>f ninety feet, and on the south side with a gentle slojie. to the heigiit of twenty feet, in a distance of one hundred and twenty feet, and then rises abrujjtly into broken cliffs. "I'roin "I.es I'etites Dalles" we continue our course nearly east for the distance of one and a (juarter miles ; here we find two large channels, one continuing directly on the *TliL- mmilli of French Kivcr is ci (U'cp lissiirc or cleft \i\ the rock, extending from the lake into tlu; l.anil Its eoiiiso is aliiut rinrlli-enst :in(l soiiili west, whicli is tiinl of tlu; "strike" of the slr.it.i in thai locality, and conse(|iienllv ol tile riilges on land and tlic reefs in the water. Thus, although the naviga- tion is dangerous to dlo.se who are coasting, and have to pass over the ends of the reefs , there can alway.s he found a direct entrance between them, unobstructed by shoals or sunken rocks. I have myself .sound- ed from the fool of thel'elites Dalles, out into the open laUe, and found a gradual increase of 6,7,8, 9 and 10 fathoms, where my soundings ceased, about half a ni.Ie Irom the point where the river may b" saiil to end.— T. C. C. •Jl ■he nor Jin |<k !'•, Ihe lllu' lixys Ind- lind to coiiisc we have been iraversini;, aid the other nearly at right angles to the north. " We imrsiK'tl our exainiiiatioii up the latter lor tiie distance of three miles to ' Lac cie liieulV a body up water about three miles long by one mile in width, thickly studded with islands; here we enter on utu' easterly direction for Lake Ni|<issing. "At the distance of 10.17 mi.es from " Les I'etites l>alK"<,"we fmd a small rapid of two Icel fall, about 200 feet wide, ami the water from (> to S feel deep at a low stage. " .'\t a further distance of .v'^- miles, another small rajiitl of seven-tenths of a foot fall, is encountered. 1 oS miles furliier, we reach " Lu (liand Recollet Rapids, with a fall of (i.So feel. 'I'lie width of the river at this |)oint is two hundred and fifty feet. The bank on the north side rises nearly perpendicular to the height ot one hundred and lilty teet above the water. (In the south side there is a table scarcely sufticieiU in length and lireadlh for the lock. I'lie rest ( f the bank rises perjiendicularly eighty or ninety feet. " .\fter leaving ' Le Ciiand Rirollei' we havt- a reach of 17.02 miles to the ' Rai)ide de I'arisien,' where there is a fill of 1.20 feet. In the next .^.lo miles, we pass the ' I'etite l''aucelle Rapid,' fall .^.4 feet. ' Rapide du Huison,' fall 3 ;^ fett, '(Irand I'aiicelle Rapid,' fall 5.f) feet, and ' Rapide du Pin,' fall 2.(1 feet. In tracing the distance we change our course hom east to north. .At the head of the ' Rapide du Tin,' the course agatn becomes easterly, and continues 30 to the foot of the 'Chaudiere Rapids,' a distance of 7.57 miles. " The fall between the foot of Lake Nii)issing and the still water in i'Vench River below the rapids, is divided into fine cascades and rapids. The total fall is 2fi feet in a distance of I. f) I miles. The b.mks at the water's edge of the rapids are mostly low ; rising grach:;;l|y for the distance of sixty to one hundred feet back; then they rise abrupt into high rocky cliffs. '' I'"rom the mouth of I-'rench River on the (Georgian I'ay, to its source at the outlet of Lake \i|)issing, the distance is 4752 miles; the ascent at low water is (10.3 (eet, making the elevation at Lake Nipissing f),v|.3 feet, above tide water. '■ The distance through Lake Xipissing is 30.4.1 miles. I'etween Nipissing and Trout Lakes two routes were carelully examined. "The first, by the valley of the ' Riviere des \'ases,' 6. 69 miks in length, '•The sicoiid. by the \alley of the ' ()jibwa>sippi,' .^.l«) miles in length, with an ascent between Nipissing and I rout Lakes of twenty-four and a-half feet. The water- heads ot the .\lattawan aw ^^S.S (Vet above tide water. " In coin|)arative cost these two routes have no relative nuT'ls. liy the ' \'ases ' route, tlure are four miles of cutting, any one of which would cost more than the whole line ot the ' Ojibwaysippi ' route. " Here we |)ass ths watershed between the waters of the Ottawa and Lrench Rivers. " .After entering ' Trout Lake ' our course bore south of east. The length ol this lake is S.43 miles, and averagi' width one mile. .\t the foot of this occurs a narrow ridge of rocks which divides it bom Turtle Lake. The fall is nine-tenths of a fiot. The rapid is about ten feet wide, and not over eii^hteen inches in dei)tli. We then pass 3.J.S miles through Turtle Lake, nearly on a due east course. This lake averages about half ,1 mile in width.- I'.issing down the outlet of Turtle Lake, we change our course to the north in the first two miles; iheiux eastwardly, and at the distance of 3.74 miles, we enter Lac Talon The descent between these two last-named lakes is 21). ij feel, giving Lac Talon an elevation of 6jS feet above tide water. The outlet has a succession of small rapids with dee]) still ponds between them. " The course through 1/u; Talon lies about south-east, and is 7. O3 miles in length, with an average width of one nnle. Lac 'Talon discharges through a Ihime-'.ike chute of 21 feet in width, with three beautiful cascades before reaching the level below, 'The total fall is 42.7 feet. lOach side of the chute is bounded by high and barren syenite cliffs. " From the foot of 'Talon Chute, the course of the waters changes to the north, until they reach the foot of the i'aresseux Chute, 2.28 miles ; in this distance there is a scries of i)onds, or basins and rapids, making a descent to the head of the I'aresseux Chute of 21 feet. .At the I'aresseux Rapids and Chute there is 33.8 ft. fall in a beautiful cascade. " After passing the I'aresseux Chute, the river passes between bold cliffs of syenite, which present the appearance of rough and massive masonry, towering about 150 feet above the surface of water. The river is narrow and deep between these iron bound 22 barriers, in places only 105 feet wide. It soon widens to 250 and 300 feet in width. " From Lake Talon to the river below Talon Chute, a route was examined, leaving Talon Lake about one and a half miles above its frot. At the distance of 1500 feet from Lake Talon, we encountered a summit of fifty feet in height above the lake, and about 2000 feet in length ; after passing this summit, we dropped down into a chain of small ponds running nearly east, and emptying into the Mattawan about one half of a mile below Paresseux Chute. The length of this line is 4.15 miles, and more direct than the channel of the river, and well adapted for the line of improvement, were it not for the heavy cutting at the summit. The exaromations, estimates, and plans of this route were made with the same care and attention as marked those of the main route. " The river route is 1.06 miles longer, but is estimated to cost $564,000 less, and is recommended. " From the foot of the Parasseux Chute to the mouth of the Mattawan, the course is direct and nearly due east. At 2.64 miles we reach the ' Rapide des Aiguilles,' with & fall of four-tenths of a foot ; 0.71 miles further east is the ' Rapide des Rochers,' with a descent of 4.8 feet. At this rapid the land on each side is low and swampy for the dis- tance of six to eight hundred feet back. Passing down with a strong current for 1.20 miles, we reach the ' Rapide de la Rose,' fall 5.6 feet. At the further distance of seven- tenths of a mile is the ' Rapide des Epines ' fall 5.6 feet. " From the foot of the ' Rapide des Epines,' we find a broad and deep stretch of river 5.5 miles in length, with the same rugged, syenite cliff-like banks ; at the foot of this fine stretch of water, we reach the ' Lac Plem Chants Rapids and Chute,' with a fall of 16.9 feet, in the distance of four-tenths of a mile. At the further distance of 2.40 miles, the Mattawan enters the Ottawa waters. In this distance we find three small rapids with a fall of 5.4 feet ; making the total descent of the Mattawan 169.8 feet in the distance of 39.79 miles, and the low water surface at the mouth 489 feet above tide. '* A tabular statement of the low water section of these rivers. &c., is annexed. " The characteristics of the French River and Mattawan waters are similar, each being a succession of pools of wide, deep and still water, separated by short falls and rapids ; in many of these pools there is no perceptible difference of level. *• The shores are principally lined with the ever-prevailing syenite and gneiss, rising abruptly out of the water into bold precipitous cliffs, covered with a dwarf growth of timber. " By the mode of improvement proposed, that is by locks and dams, which is the only feasible plan of work to render these rivers navigable for any class of vessels that may navigate the western lakes ; th-j characteristics of these rivers will, in a great degree, re- main the same as now, after the completion of the improvement. " My early attention was called to the question of supply of water, ' upon which the success of the whole project depends,' and more particularly directed to the practica- bility of the plan of elevating Lake Nipissing to the summit level, as proposed by Mr. Shanly, both by the general instructions of the board of Public Works, and by your letter of instructions. " Mr. Shanly, in his report on the ' Ottawa Survey,' says * It may at once be stated that the summit does not fnrnish water sufficient to meet the demands of even a far in- ferior scale of navigation to that which the general character of the route would warrant us in looking forward to.' " To this opinion of Mr. Shanly's, respecting the supply of water from the summit, that is from Trout and Turtle Lakes, I agree ; and after a careful examination of the whole subject, I would recommend the following plan for SUPPLY. " For the supply of water it is proposed to raise Lake Nipissing 9.46 feet above high water, and lower Trout Lake 7.85 feet, and Turtle Lake 6.95 feet, and Turtle Lake outlet to the same level, and to raise Lac Talon 20.95 feet, which brings it up to the same height, making a summit level for navigation of 57.12 miles in length, with an area of watershed of 3165 square miles, and a reception basin of eighty miles in length, and Jd |n- varying from one-lialf of a mile to 12 miles in width. i;iving a surlare nf alxjiU three hundred and thirty s(iiiare miles, liy this arraniieinent it does not bec-ome necessary to make any provision for a stcjraue r-.servoir. I'he waters of Lake Nipi.ssin;^ are sulticient tor any scale of navig.ition, awd for all time to come. ".\Uhoiigh the (juantity ot water rer^nired to maintain a steady flow of any given dei)th through open sluices ol regular width, may he calculated with a considerable degree of accuracy ; yet, in the case of an open river of uneven hottijiit and irregul.u- width and declivity, like that of the I'rench river, it cannot l)e expected thatanything more than a rough appr.iximation can be obtained ; uncertainly must attend the measurements, and conseiiuently the results fcnmded thereon. " I'ortunately for us in this case, the (juantity of water discharged from Lake Nipis- sing through the I'rench River is so large that any error (jf this kiml could not affect the question of su|)ply for any scale of navigation that may be adopted. "The quantity of water found, by careful gauging, to he fl )\ving in I'Veiich River at a low stage, was nme thousand live huruireti (1^,500) cubic feet [)jr setond, or eight hundred and twenty millions eight hundred thousand (820,800,000) cubic feet in twenty- four hours. .\ssu;;iing the locks to be 250 x 5c x 12, and that I'llty lockages are made each way in twenty-four hours, it woukl retiuire fifteen million cubic feet of water, or less than one-hftielh part of the supply. 'l"he whole amount of water tlowing is e(juivalent to 5,472 lockages each tweniy-four hours. This, at once, sets at rest any idea of the neix'ssily of a st(jrage reservoir. " Tliereare i)Ut tew objec ticiuible features to this mode of supplying the necessary water for navigation, and of raising Lake Xipissing to the heigiu above stated. 'I'he first, and almost the only one, is the overflowing of the lands bordering on the Lakes. " The entire southern shore of Lake Nipir^sing, ea^t of the Chaudiere Portage, is bounded by high barren rocky cliffs, with a scanty growth of evergreens covering the whole, except a strip on the east end of the lake, about eight miles long, i\H(J varying from one tenth to one-founh of a mile in width, one-half of which is annually /nundated by the Spring freshets. The shore of the Ivisl l!ay and the east end of the Lake, for the distance of ten miles, will be overtlowed ; a large portion <jf this tract is annually sub- merged by the freshets, and nearly the whole is one tvicnded T.uiuirac swampi, or an .\lder marsh. The north shore, for two-thirds of its le' is high, and out of the reach of this height of waic^ ■' In the vicinity of the Hudson's l!ay I'ost, at the mouth of the Sturgeon River, the large-it iiact on the holders of tlie Lake will lie submerged, say from t(-'n to twelve miles in length, and liom two to three miles in width ; (.ne-third of the tract is low open marsh, about one-third swamji annually o.ertlowed, and the remaining third tolerably iair land for agricultural purposes. " In the Western l!ay tlierc wan occasional narrow strip that will be dr<jwned out. Taking the wlmle land that will be drowned by the raising of Lake Xipissing, it will be inconsiderable when comjiared with the length of shore, and that l.)iit of small value for agricultural purp(jses. " Raising Lake \ii)issiiig to the height of Trout Lake, wou!d lessen the cost of C(jn- struction about one million dollars, and reduce the lengih of canal on the summit to less than om; and tliree-(]uarter miles, \sould increase the lockage 15 6 feet, and overflow three times as much land as the plan propositi. " The land, being in a district uninhabited, except by a few Indians and the servants of the Hudson s l!ay Com])any, cannot be looked upon as claiming much consideration, in deciding uiion such an imjicrtant quevtion. The objectionable features in elevating the water of Lake Ni|)issing to the level of 'I'rout Lake, are :— ■' First, the low banks along the southerly shore ,vest of the Chaudiere Portage, and also for two miles to the east of the I'ortage ; Second, the large fissures and crevices in the rocks, affording an opportunity for the escape of water, scarcely to be estimated : in tact this might prove so large as to cause any attemjit to meet such an emergency entirely abortive, and without a more careful antl minute instrumental examination of the entire southern shore west of the I'ortage, than my limited time would permit me. I should be unwilling to recommend the raising of Lake Nipissing higher than contemplated in the plan proposed. " The raising of Lake Talon can be accomplished without overflowing the adjacent land to any considerable extent. -'4 LOG RACK. "'I'lie arrangciiKiit of Locks and Dams connected will he as follows : — " At Les I'ttites Dalles, on lock, fourteen feet lift, on the south side of the river. "To establish the level above the I'etites Dalles, it would be necessary to construct seven 1 )ams across the several outlets of the French River. " 'I'otal length of Dams, 1,535 f^^-'t- Aggregate S|)ill, 1,595 feet. Crest of Dam, 8.50 leet above low water. " These Dams throw the water up to " Le (irand KecoUet Rapids," fifteen and one- tenth miles, drowning out two small rapids, so that no excavation will be necessary to give the recjuisite depth of water. " At ' Le (Irand RecoUet,' one lock of 13 feet lift on the south side of the river. "Two Dams will be necessary, one across each channel of the river. 'J'otal length ot Dams, 5^16 (eet. Aggregate ^\M, 406 teet. Crest of Dam, 11.30 feet above low water. "•The length of the next reach is iCi.ys miles, extending to the 'Rapide de I'arisien,' where we have one lock of ten feet lift, on the north side of the river. 'J'otal length of Dam, 599 (eet. Length of Spill, 445 feet. Crest of Dam, 21 leet above low water. " The next reach is only 2.23 miles to the ' Rapide du iUiisson,' drowning out the I'etite Faucelle Rapid," so that no excavation will be necessary for the requisite depth of water. At this poiht there is one lock of ten feet lift on the nortli side of the river. Here the river is divided by a large island into two channels ; it will be necessary to dam each of them, and also to dam the north channel of the east, in making these dams. Total length of dams. 1,070 feet. Aggregate .Spill, 1,055 feet. Crest of Dam on Main Channel, 19.5 feet above low water ; Crest of Dam in the North Channel of the Fast, 10. 8 feet above low water. " From the head of the Lock at the ' Rapide du Ituisson', the level extends to the foot of the Chaudiere Portage, ten and one half miles, drowning the 'Grande Faucelle,' and ' Rapide du Fin.' A small island one hundred feet long by twenty-five feet wide, will have to be excavated to the depth of live feet from its present surface. " At the Chaudieie Portage there will be three Locks of ten feet lift each, the first single, and the second and third combined ; located on the south side of the river. I5y combining all these Locks, a saving of about $80,000 could be made. " J'our Dams acioss the outlets of Ni])issing will be necessary. 'J'otal length ot Dams, 1,134 feet. .'\ggregate Snill, 1,310 feet. Crest of Dams, 16.7 feet above low water. "The next or summit level extends to the foot of Lac Talon, a distance of 57.12 miles with a guard Lock in the Canal between Nipissing and 'I'rout I^akes, to control the waters in limes of high wind. " At the toot of J'alon Lake, there is one lock of eleven and a half feet on the north side of the outlet. Total length of Dam, 500 feet. Length of Spill, 472 feet. Crest of Dams, 23.7 feet above the low water mark. " 'I'he next three I-ocks occur 0.43 miles behjw the last-mentioned Lock, and on the south side of the river at Talon Chute, all in combination, each fourteen and a half feet lift. Total length of Dam, 382 feet. Length of Spill, 332 feet. Crest of I^am, 12.3 feet above low water. '' Two combined locks of eleven feet lift each next occur at the ' Petit Paresseux Rapid ' ; length of level 2.13 mites. The locks are located on the north side of the river. This level drowns out several small rapids, so that but trifling excavation will be required to make the necessary depth of water. 26 Total length of Dam, i.uS feet. Length of Si)il!, i,i2S feet. Crest of Dam, 22.8 feet above low water. "At " I'aresseiix {;hute." 0.35 miles l:elow are two locks in combination, each four- teen feet lift, located on the south side of the river." Total length of Dams, .S72 feet. Length of spill, 872 teet. Crest of Dam 10.4 feet aiiove low water. " A level of 4.62 miles extends to the " Rapide de la Rose." There we have one lock thirteen feet lift on the south side of the river. This level completely drowns out the " Rapide des Aiguilles," and "des Rochers." Total length of i)am, 812 feet. Length of spill, 81 2 feet. Crest of dam 21.2 feet atjove low water. The next level of 6.29 miles reaches the last locks in this division at "Lac I'lein Chants Rapide and Chute," where there are two locks in combination, of thirteen feet lift each, on the north side of the river. Total length of I )am, 664 feet. Length of si)ill, 38S feet. Crest ot Dam, 18.8 feet above low water. " A short reach of 2.40 miles carries us to the mouth of the Mattawan, the eastern end of the western or Nipissing division." " The (juestion of cost will be greatly enhanced by the ditificulttes to be encountered in procuring the materials necessary for the construction." " The face coping and culvert stone for ail the Flocks west of the .Summit, will have to be procurfd trom the great ^L'lnitoulin Island, in Lake Huron, which lies to the west ward about fifty miles, directly facing the mouth of I'Vench River. The stone for the lock at Tx's I'etites I )alles can be landed at the work, and that for the Rapide de Parisien will be attended with the additional cost of two short portages. For the lock at " Du Huisson." three short portages will be necessary, and for the locks at the Chaudiere Portage, two short portages, and two miles of land carriage will have to be encountered. All foreign materials for these locks will be subject to similar expense of Transit. " The stone for the backing and interior of all the Locks of this division, will be obtained from the excavation for locks, and from the banks adjacent to the works. " Large ((uaniities of rectangular blocks are found upon the banks of the river, often with parallel beds and joints more perfect than it would be possible to vjuarry them from limestone quarries, and in size well adapted to the character of the work. The stone for rubble masonry will be procured in the same manner as the backing. Loose stone for filling the Dams, will be obtained from the excavation, and picked up from the river banks. " The timber for the Locks and Dams is in all cases convenient ; in no instance do I think It will be necessary to haul over two miles. In some instances it will be found cheai)er to cut the timber on the banks above the work, and float it down rather than haul it. " The work west of the summit requires no sjiecial descri|)tion ; there are no difficul- ties tf) be encountered in the construction, of an unusual character. " The two first miles of Canal, on the summit, between Nipissing and Trout Lakes, are wholly of earth, cutting through an ojjcn marsh, easily drained. This work has oeen estimated at thirty-five cents per cubic yard. " I'rjr the remainder of the Canal, the material has been .all estimated as rock. The excavation will all be disposed of with a short haulage. In this jKjrtion of the Canal there are several deep ponds, which can be easily drained without machinery, as the work progresses. The ro:k excavation has been estimated at two dollars per cubic yard. Twenty-two hundred feet of this cut have been estimated with a width of 100 feet on the bottom. " For the excavation of the bars in Trout and Turtle Lakes, it is contem])lated to commence the work at the foot of the Turtle Lake outlet, carrying it up to Turtle Lake, the water of the Lake will then pass ofT through the cut. and leave the rocks to be ex- cavated out of water, and easy of access. Then, by cutting through the barrier between 26 Tiirile and Trout Lakes, which is only three hundred feet lon(i, the work in I'roul Lake will be drained, and will he as easily acc()mi)lished as any on the whole length of the iui- provenierU, e.\ce])t that in some places boats will have to be used to i)ass to and from the work ; a liberal allowance has been made for such contingencies. " 'l"he greater i)ortion of the work to be done in 'iVout lake, is the remov.il of round boulders, varying in si/,e from one fourth of a cubic yard, to six and eight cubic yards. "That in Turtle Lake is the excavation of rocks and reefs, mostly in the pinnacle form. ,\s they stand uj) with bold slopes and deep soundings near them, they i an be readily excavated at less than the usual expense of rock excavation. .Anticipating that this character of work would be looked upon as a hazardous undertaking anil expensive, I have given it a price of two dollars and twenty-five cents per cubic yard ; a far larger price than that for which 1 think it can be safely executed. " For the ]>ocks at the foot of ' Lac Talon,' and ' 'I'alon f'hute,' an abundance of crystalline limestone is founil at those points, and from the examination made of this material, it is presumed that it will make suitable masonry for Lock walls. The excava- tion for these Locks is chiefly in this kind of limestone. " I'or Locks at ' Petite I'aresseux.' and ' Laresseux Chute,' the face stone will have to be hauled alxail two mi'es from a line '^)uarry of grey granite. .\ liberal estimate has been made for the ex|)ensive dressing of this character of stone. "The face stone for the Locks at the ' Rapide d? la Ro'^e,' and at ' I'lein ( .'luuits Chute,' it is proposed to obtain from the same (^)uarry." \I. C.KNLR.VL R1:M.\RKS. In the preceding pages it has been attem])ted to show that the Ottawa waters may be imjiroved for vessels of one thousand tons burden, for a sum not exceeding $1 2,026,35 I. The discussion of the important questions of the present or ])rospcrtive need of such im].rovement ; its effect, if constructed, on the course of Western Trade, and its relative merits to other routes already existing, formed no part of my insiructiotis, aiul will not be taken up here. I shall take the liberty, however, to recommend, that whatever new work may be hereafter constructed upon this line of waters, may not be of less dimensions 'ban those which I have stated as necessary for the through line of navigati(jn, as the difference in cost between a Canal on a small scale like those already built and such a one .is has been recommended, would not amount to so much as, in my judgment, wouki warrant the construction of work which might hereafter have to be enlarged. I cannot conclude this report without exjjressing how much we have been indebted to the labors of the Ceological Survey, and its accomplished director, Sir William Logan. Their jjlans of French River, Lake Ni])issing, and the .Maltawan, were so complete, and after a (lose test, proved so ac:curale, tliat the)' left nothing further to be desired towards a genera' map of that section ot the waters. Had tlu'y not been in existence, this Re- port could not have been made svithout another season's field work. Had maps of the Ottawa River, of a similar character to those of l'"rench River, been accessible, a large jiart of the expense of the Ottawa Survey might have been saved to the province. 1 mention these facts both as an act of justice, and because I wish to re- cord distinctly my appreciation of the (Jeographical results of the Geological Survey, in regard to which my past year's labors have ijualified me to speak. The labors of my ijredecesi;ors, Afessrs. Stewart, I'erry, and Callwey, have been made use of to determine the lengths and dei)ths of the unobstructed, or rather still water portions of the river, The plans and sections of the " Rocher Fendu " Channel, and Chats Rapids, made for the Department by Mr. Thomas Iv Norman, have been adopted in full. Mr. Slater's levels and bench marks, from Fort William to the head of the Chats Channel, have been followed ; everything else upon which this Report and estimate of cost is based, has been derived from actual survey, carried on under my own supervision, and for the correctness of which I am responsible. 27 W;;;S^Ee^^l^^^^^ ;he p.ns and ...at. per am.ng thereto." This has requi cd a fuch mon n f ri" "^ ''"'''' ''^"^ '^'^ structures necessary to nmkc a continuous section of n;8 7^nil^^^^^^^ '''''^"^ ^' has I.een and cross sections of the location of evJy I ock Cann I 'T,' ^" ''''^' "^'"'^^'^ «"^veys I'lans on a iar^e scale, have been consZted ^om ,h 1 ' ' '"' "" "^'' ^^''^°''-" l''^^'- 'luantmes taken out in detail with -^reat care '"'■''^■'' '"^ t'^*^ estimates and ^^^^r'f^^'^^^^ T;i ^"°-^- '^^ "^^ -t lo Mr. Jv R. P,lackwell whose re, ,M,i ^ '-'''*''''^"" 'i^sistants. stands high in the L'nited St^ale "TJ^ , ^1^^^^^^^^^^ '^^^^"""^ ^-S'-e, Joachims to Lake Huron, and taking mit he u n.li r"-""'^ '^' ^"^^^>'^ ^--""^ '>e jncigment I have haen much guided m rr g.^ a and dV'' "'"'''^ ""^' "^ ^''^ I o my other assistants, .Messrs T F V r, r' /^"H '''■^'-'■"""'"- ibices. .nud, ,-nde,„e„ f„, exec„.i„„ „„.k„ „„„;,1'™-; ';:„!4J;-,-^ ^.'^d^r^o',,? mention (leorge McTavish, Escj., C. T I'on \V,ram ''"'°"''' "'^""' ^ '"'y •'"'''^"'''irly All of which is respectfully submiUed by (^.gned) THO.S. C CLARKE, January and, i8f)c. J-ngineer, Ottawa Survey. APPENDIX. TAliLK OF CONTKNTS. A. H. C. D. i;. V. II. I. J. I'ACK. Co|iy o( Instnictioiis "9 Tnl.lc ol Rivers ^9 Tal.lc shcwins; elevation .if ,Siirfr\ce of Ottaw.i, at Crenvilie, Lr ovcry day in the year 1.S59 .V> Table of 1 )ams 32 Table of lar!;e Tropellers -53 Table of Distances and Levels, Ottawa and French River Waters J4 Table of Distances and Levels, Ottawa and French River Water,, accordini; to proposed improvement ■" Abstract of K.-.tiniates '♦^ Estimates of (Jiiantities and Cost in detail ^' Estimates of (Quantities and Cost Chais Canal— old route. 5^ 2!» }7 40 5« A Exlracls Jroiii /iis/riic^in/is In l/ie J\ 11^:^1 iitc is iiitnistnl wil/i the Oltituw S//r;;v., The Survey is to l)e prosccutud will) a view of ascertaining the praticahility of opening a ship (:oinmunicati(jn l)elweeii the St. Lawrence and Lake Huron, througii the Ottawa waters; and not for the |)urpose of making a minute and iiighly accurate hydrographic <:hart of tlie river, except so fiir as the sami- may be subservient to tlie first named pur|)ose. The Lngineer in charge of eich section of tlie Survey is to examine, in tliat section, the nature o( the difliculties, and liie (juantity of the canalhng rcciuired to be done, and t<j stale the cost of such canaiiing ; giving in detail the dimensions and (piantities of each section of work, and the structures pertaining thereto, and the prices which appear to him sufficient to their execution ; in order that the data, upon whicii his estimates are based, may lie open to the inspection nf this Department. The Scale of Navigation iijion which his estimates are to be based, will be that pro- posed by Mr. Shanly, /. e. . dimensions of locks 250x50x10 feet. ('anals one hundred feet wide at bottom, deiHh ten to eleven feet. Should he, l)owever, sec any reason which appears tn him sufficient for uKjdifying any of these dimensions, he will make a sejjarate estimate upon such |)ortions, giving his reasons for the change. The (juality of the works proposed should not be inferior to the standard of the St. Lawrence ("anals. Me will be expected to report generally ui)on the method pro[)osed for executing the works, and to designate the points from which meterials are to be obtained ; and stiould any special difficulties of c(jnstruction occur on his section, he should show how he proposes to overcome them. With hi Rejjort he will furnish a seperaie plan and section of each piece of Canal, carefully noting upon the sections, the difference of level between extreme high and low water. As the ([ue-stion of supp'y, upon which the success of the above project depends, is to be determined upon your sect on. you will give pi.'-ticular attention to that point, and to the praticahility of the plar of elevating Lake ^Jipissing to the summit level, as proposed by Mr. Shanly, 'I'he (lUestion of a terminal harbor on Lake Huron should receive your careful considerati( n, and the proper site for the lighthouses and i)iers should be pointed out. (Signed,) L. V. SICOTTE, 'Joronto, 15th Nov., 1S58. Chief Commissioner. 1!. Taiii.k hi Kivkk>. N.\Mi;s. .\m;uun Mississippi S.iiiu I^awrLiicc . . N ia,L;ara ( 'iaiii;es Nile Ohii), .it Wiictiiiij;. . Thames Klionc Khinc. *Oltawa (drcnvillf). I'rL'nch Kivcr .\rca i)f Ji IraiiiaLTc in Discliaru'L' in culiic fcut jicr sL'ciind. miles. 2,4()0,<HI() 1,226,1)1)1) 565, ))().) -37..)i>" 4J2,l)Oi) 52(),2c)() 25,000 5,000 38,000 SS,ooo So, 001) 4,700 f^ow Walcr. Mean. I lii^h water Auiliority. 4,000 4,400 2,600 l,6So 2,24(J 215 560 700 700 447,200 570,589 36.300 23, ICO 1,400 10.50 7.0-0 13,400 35,000 1,700,000 ; I'incyeiopaeilia tJrilannica 1 1,270,000 jC. Kllei, Junior. 900,000 I '.A. j. Kiissell, Ks<|. 3S9,0))o I 406,000 ;N'. \'. .Slate Reports 294,200 j.Sir (,". Lyell ji;ncycio|)aeLlia Britannica 260,277 |C I'^lli't, Junior. 207,000 220,000 21,000 33.7"" 85,000 7,900 204,1)00 164,000 150,000 I'.ncycloiiaedia IJritannica I). Aubui.ssun do Ottawa .Survey. do January 2nd, IS60. See Tables C. and D. (Signed) TIIOS. C. CL.XKI'CE, £ii,i,'i>ii:er, Ol/iuva SuiTJcy, C. Tai;i.k <ii lliiciiis 111 \Vaih< I'l'i'iu I.i.cl;, ( .iiiuilK'. )imi iSji ,> 4 S () 7 S 9 10 1 1 12 i:< '4 "5 i6 • 7 IS >9 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 2S 29 3" 31 Ik'i-lit oi Walcr on Sill. <> 3 ^' 3 2 1) I () 1 6 I 6 (, S 11 5 lo 5 1" 5 9 5 ') 5 ■^ 5 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 11,'i^hl 1 W.ilrr '-) 'III ^. sni. s <) III 1 1 12 13 14 1 3 10 17 iS 19 2il 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 2S 1 1 13 14 IS 16 1 '" i8 19 2(1 I 21 22 I 23 ; 24 25 26 \ 27 i 28 I 29 I 30 i 31 llri-lil of WlllCT nil Sill. 5 1 5 1 5 1 n 5 5 6 7 7 S S 9 9 9 q 9 10 III 1 5 5 5 5 I 5 '"> lO o ir> 3 5 6 10 S 5 7 8 II 3 4 5 6 7 S 9 III 1 1 12 "3 14 15 1 6 17 i,S 19 24 25 26 27 2S 2() 3" Ijri^lll Ml W.UiT 1111 Sill. 111 H) III II) III II 10 <) III l.> 10 7 10 4 in 2 lu o 9 11 9 10 9 <i <; 9 " 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 II 2 1 1 1 1 II II 5 7 9 10 II II / S 9 10 II 12 13 '4 15 16 17 18 19 2il 21 22 23 24 25 20 27 28 29 30 lUi-lii 111 Water III! Sill. I I 12 12 12 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 '5 "5 15 10 '5 IS III III 15 9 '7 i<; 8 18 i '4 15 14 8 7 !'• i 2i) 1 14 6 21 14 1 1 22 14 II 23 14 10 24 14 10 25 14 9 26 14 9 27 14 8 28 13 II 29 '3 10 30 13 10 Height mI W.lKT un Sill. 3 9 3 ;; 3 7 3 <■ 3 r- 3 " 3 5 3 7 3 " In 9 ,S 7 7 6 6'.; 7 (>'■, 6 5 4 31 s <) lo 1 1 13 l.-t M li l(> 17 iS 10 20 21 22 26 2S 29 Walci nil Sill. 12 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I In l(> III li' Id ICJ lO '» >» I) 1) ') 9 N S S S s s 1 1 III 'I ,s lo s 1 1 lo 10 Id II N N I 2 .1 4 S 6 7 s I) I < > 1 1 I ^ 1 1 '4 15 i(> 17 iS 19 2ii 21 22 -J 24 25 2(1 27 2S 20 of Waltr on Sill. s 1 s 7 J s h .> ,s (i 4 s T ' J ^ s 5 (I s S 7 s 4 S ,s .1 1) N > III ,S 1 1 1 s o ij s o 1 ; - 1 1 '4 / 1 "» / 9 III 7 1) 17 7 S iS 7 6 HI ; .1 V 4 1 1 ■T 1 7 2 -> » / 1 24 / o 1 1 25 (t 10'. ^ ■ I) 10 jS 6 1) 2i| 6 s ^o 6 7 lli'i(,'lil llriullt iiiiniii iif Wiiui b y nl \V.,l,r S' III Wait-r nil Sill. 1^ nil ? 1 on Sill. t) 7 () 7 6 «i l< 5 ii 5 4 4 4 1 (I 10 (1 ll 7 : (I ll () (1 (, It It (> It 3 It s 9 1 1 III 1 1 12 ",> 14 ■5 Id ' 7 IS m 24 25 21 1 27 2,S 29 .5" II •( 5 i ll 7 S 9 lo 1 1 12 "4 "5 1(1 '7 IS 24 25 2() 27 2S 29 ,?0 10 s s '• .5 'I 4 9 5 9 11 9 (''. II 4 11 S 12 I II II I I 10 I 1 I) I I s 1 1 III In 9 In In III In 4 5 (1 7 S 9 In I I 12 '.? 14 15 Id 17 IS 19 24 25 2(1 27 2S 29 .50 ILi^lit III W.llrr nil Sill, III III In In In In In I I III 9 S S 7 <t 1 I 10 s Jaiuiai) 2nd, iS'io. (.Siuned) THOMAS C. CLARKE, Mnsineer Ottawa Surve). .•I*J I) T\i;i I. i>i D.wi-. Slimii.u ili, .Icnil, ,,( „.,|, Mil II ,11 ^1 ,11 lii';|i i} .NAM I Carillo:! (-'liiitc a r.l.Miiliaii Link' C'Ikuk litre. . CUM- I'lirlntji.- .'ii I'liri . . Kiiclur I'l'iiihi . . . Liiiii; Ka|)i(l'. |i)acliiiii^ "McS,rley"> .. . KiicluT Capilaini' l>u. .In. Deiiv Kivi(n.'>. . . |ulin-.i)M's KiiiicK I'art'SM'iiN Chmf. . , I. Ia'Ii^'IIi of overfull in fii-l. 171H, 175" 201 II I 2|(MI 24(11 i 41 Ml 61 II I 115.. 111411 1,1511 I41M1 2(i'>(i 920 I.iiw Walir. Ilii;li U 11... ( I. Ciiliic fri'l 1 11 1 SL'Ciinil. 1 1 251,11,. t 4 15.^1.1 ■25' — ixiiiiail llrit;lil III flTl. J -" > I ^ .> ' .1 ■2 .i' 2 ,Sii 2 luS 4 'n ^ ''7 .1 55 .i 51 2 l>2 S2 ' 'iiiiii I iicigiu 5 = llTl PIT i ••■ " '• icciiml. Ill I 5iiniii I ^< II II II I 2 20 5110(1 I I 54 y.SiMi S 4N 5 JS •■^ .!-• ;5 17 <> ').] 4 ()2 S 411 5 ()0 f. n,S 4 11,1 I i N M> I l\ncllir (til '" "7 <> 4" ' (111 < 'li.iniu-l () 7(1 11 4s Ili 4; «i ,s.s ii ;(i ii N, '^ 54 ; '>2 M .!,. ; ^,S " 75 4 44 I <),^ (I 2(( M.iii.iwan' The hci}»lu> Ii. anil II. in C(i i'lK' (iliimns 4 and h wcic .Mlciilalcil l,v ili,- li.nnula 1 1 V '■' \ - • .;vm;|. ' ; llKM,i,anluic-.(.>aiiil(,),arta^Mnnf.ll,. h. tlu- I.mm anil fjivalf.t M.lunu- nf ualcr. icH.rtivtK wliicli will pass nvr llu- |)nni-. (Siyiifd) 'I'lIO.M.A.S (', CI,,\RKK, i'-nuiiiL-ti, ( )iia\\a Suiacn. Janiiar) 2n(l, 1.S60. •Thi'sf (piantilifs inclu.lc ihf -upply ilrawn fnim Lake Nipi..ii,i; i„ :,i|il|ii,i„ ,,, .|,^, |„-..,. i)( till- Mallawai;. lit 'li^iliai^i- l,S IN rS I, Si IS: I St l,Ss( ill 1 85; |S5( '«55 185(1 .'III do '«57 .•j;i !•: ''\l II "I lai;,.l- l'KnrKII|.K,s. 'II 'I I /Ollf ■111,1 OVC I . I car. \.\.\ii; 1856 <lu <lo •857 do. do d(i. do. 1S56 '«57 do do do. 1856 1850. do. <lo. ''\S7. 1S5.S do <lo '«.S7. .Acinu iVIIi'tjIi.iny . Adri.iiic. . . 'Chira^'o. . . |Cuylialioj;ii . Corru't. ... • .jDncotali. , . iKi|iiiiiM,\. . ■ 'l''cli|i.su. . , . ■|l';'|'l''>lor. . . . I Kvfrj;rix'ii I :l'"rfo .Stall'. . • iKoiiiiiiiin ('it <ialun,,.. . • (liinici . • ilroii (ily • I Iowa . 'Jersey Cily. . iKiiioslia . . . . ! Moiili;i)iiitiy I.Moli.iwk... ■ Mfiidola. . , MiKvaiikci'. May Klowcr ;\ilu iNl'llllllK'. . . . .W'w \iirl< . . iN'orllitrn I.iyl Oriiiiial , . ' l'l)Mlolll|l. . ,1'illsl.iiri,'. . . I'oUiiiiac. . . . KaciiiL' Kockfl . . . Tonaw.mda. U'ciiona .... ily. il. , ■ri .( Il.iil, iliiill.i • I'lioiii . . . , . . Iliillalo .. ■ |l liMlaiid. . . . Iliil'lalo . t'liAilaiiil. . . , .,Hiit(alo Md. Iliillal . Clivcl . Iliillalo . MuiiUiiU < 'IfVcl.llllI I 'ciroil . . . Jiullal.... . '"kvtiand liiiHalo.. I iiiiiUirk CIi'vlI.iiiiI lUilli Uo (■|l'\ eland n c c 702 (16) 7.SS (kji fi22 1)20 ()20 O.'O 024 76,S .Sliilinyjian liullalo cicvviand ....■.:;:'::;:;.' S20 09(j j OS(j I 607 ySi ••• i ^M ''45 N7'; 7S9 709 h^o 700 ''75 6f)i; 716 N50 .S46 ()i i() 81.S 715 611 922 «),S.S Ovir al H l.cnuili. IJiaiii. 190 C 1720 17S0 ■ S.-j "AJ4 1.S50 i»5.u iSso 1 92-6 196 (J 21U-U 1 9 50 2<io u 1X4-2 2470 1S2 o 194-7 204 -u 200 () l<),{-9 20f) (J 1S5.O , iSS-o I hSl.M I 1X2-1 207-0 2,^4-0 212-0 1x5-0 2090 1 9(10 l.Si-i 1950 2S.7 .J I 6 29 o .{"•4 ,{o-J JO o .^o o -79 .il" .{"•.5 304 joo 294 .51-0 29 5 27- 10 .J.i-5 .{"2 .50-7 2.S-0 2cS-0 2.S(. ,jO- 2 .52 (J Jo o J4 o ,j2o 2S-() .;j-o JO-O .V'-6 January 2nd, 1860. (Signed) THOMAS C. CI,.\RKE, Kiiginccr On.iwa Survey. Draft when loaJid lo-o 109 10 o rib 1 1-0 10 o loo 10 fj ICJ II 10 (I I2() 10 () 10 () 96 116 106 I 10-0 no ll-() ' 110 lot) I I o 1 1-11 10 6 lo 10 () 10 6 110 10 (i 110 loS 11-6 11-0 34 v. Oi I AW \ \Vaikk> Ummi'Kox f.ii. - TalilL uf l)i>laiicc> ;iiul IaviI Names ol l'ii\or>, l.aUo, Kapiils, S:c. TiduwaUi, Three \\{\\i* Montreal Harlxim Lacliiiic Lower St. Annes Upper St. Amies t'arillion KapUls Above <lo Chute a Woinleaii Kapiils . . Al)ovc <lo I'liot of Lonj; Saiilt l\apiils. Grenville Ottawa llarlHUir AIjovc Cliamliere I'alN Ahove Little lio A\iovc Keiiioiix Ra|ii(ls Des C'henes Lake . Foot of Chats Kails Aliove Chats Chats L; DisTAM IS. 2 r; ' " - ~ - LI C -- - ~ c t/. - X I'dot of Snows Kapiil I load of do ■ I'ortat^e dil Kurt Rapid I Ic.iil oi do Mountain Rapid Head of do Head of Darbies Raiiid I'oot of Calumet Head of do La Passe /roila^edu I'ort Rapid Roehcr f'endu I'alls I'ool of Lon^ Rapids I'oot of La liarriire Muskrat Mice.. ....._ La Fontaine's Lake Hlack Rapids lilaek Falls I'lal Rapids La I'asse I'ool of .\llunielte Islan<l Foot ol Chapeaii Head of do Foot of L'Islet Head o( Culliule lort William Head of Deep River Head of Dcs Joiichims Rapids.... Mouth of Ues Moines River I'oot of McSorley's Rapids Head of ilo do . . . I'Dot of Rocher Capitainc Rapids. O'OO i . S-50 1. 22'0O I 22-IQ . 4770 I 49 ■o< 1 . j.rio . 00-43 I Itj-jO I iS-50 1 22 So 14') 55 • 50 "5 LSJ lit 1/1 'A '7' ^ij 175 73 •3-50 25-60 400 1-40 5O07 26-{)9 "7-97 4 4u iSi- 1X4-14 Z02-2O 175 73 1.S3-00 1^4-5" iS()-oo 1S700 iSSuo lSS-50 uSi)-5.i 190-30 192-ou 195-92 20().()O 21543 2>5-5'> 220-J5 221-10 226-40 254-00 -'55<'4 203-30 20s- J5 2()9-o0 272-50 \y-\.^ ^290 7-ot) ^•50 Li'-.vi:i.s. ■5H rt jj « -J 8-50 I -10 : ••30 ! -10 ''■3'' 3-'" -20 I I 10-27 5-t>9 1.64 4-95 -75 12-75 4375 •50 i-oo 1 00 '^•75 •t)5 4-00 -to 45-Jio "2-30 42-30 S-10 2S0 9 80 •30 38-00 1 J -80 •JO -C)o 1-90 13-00 20 "3-29 1-70 5-"5 .S5"7 4 21 0.(0 10-30 3 30 0-80 3-30 18-70 17-80 12-00 1-08 2-5'^ ■70 -on •57 1 7 09 ■-30 2()-40 1 0<J 3-00 3-00 2-90 ;H rt 0.00 12.75 56.50 57'|"' 58.<io 59.00 i'7-75 ()7.8o "1.80 71.90 117.70 120.CXJ 162.30 170.40 173.20 18 5.00 1X3-30 221.30 233-10 233-. >" 233 90 235- h" 248.80 255.(11 p 208. ji I 270.0s 275-70 33 '-37 335-5''i 248. So 2,(9.30 255-70 272.00 275-3" 282.10 285.40 304.10 32 l.<|o 33390 335-5''i 538.10 33^^-92 339-52 340.09 .557- If' 357- .1^ 358.80 3''i5-2o 380. 20 389. 20 392.20 395- 10 02. 50 63.50 67.00 71.00 77-75 79.80 87.00 88. ?o '32.50 1 40. CO 170.30 177.40 181.20 l()l.8o 193- .50 225.3" 2.(0. 10 240,30 .•43.00 245.80 257.80 205,c:(i 281 . 29 278.05 285.70 340-37 259. .^o 204.70 284.00 284.30 291. 10 293-40 314.10 331-90 34 3 -90 345- SS 3-t9.i6 349-92 250.52 3.50.59 3(,'4.i:i 36.1 o 30.^ . ^ 4U-.20 403.90 6.00 6. 50 9 . Ol 1 12.00 10.00 12.00 15.20 1 0. 40 14.80 2n,00 8 oO 7.00 8 . 00 8 . 00 10. 00 4.00 7.00 7.00 10.00 10.00 9 . 00 1 0. ( H ) 13.00 8 . 00 lo.ixj 9.00 10.00 10.00 9.00 12 00 9.00 O.oO 8.00 10.00 10.00 lo.oo lo. 00 11,00 IF. 00 11.00 1 o. 50 ■; 00 0.7, ') '■.. 1- o.> 17.70 * Kstiniated at 2.31 •^n V. — CoiitiiiiiCit Names o| lsi\t'rN, l.aUi's, U.ipids. \c-. lltMil o( Roclui Cainlaino Rapid-. . . ImioI of Di'iix Kiviiifs Ra))i(ls I load o( do do l''oo| of Tiou Kajiids lU'ail of Ti-ou l\a| ids (at Mic .Macs), I'ool of I, a \ I'illre I lead of do i'ool of Uocky l''anu Rapids Ilo.id of ilo do 1-oot of loliiisoii's Rapid- Ilca.l of ,lo l'"ooi of Mallaw.iM Rapiils Ilca.l of ,lo -Month of Matlawali River 1)ISIAMI1'..S. S. <^ •!7.vS,S 2S6.0I 2S6.70 2S7.I5 2SS. 10 2SS.70 296.75 .^01.50 507.00 507.60 _;oS.(X) joS.ixo ' r^ ^— — c c .s ^ c a -C S '^■ txLsP 'J. C -.r. c z > V rt '^ -J y. ^" -'A 'J.S 11.70 .40 .()() S.05 5-05 .6c' 5JJ-CT 242.5 0.45 0-95 0.()0 4- 7 5 0.4s 0.40 65.4S Li-vi't.s. ^ ~ -It. ii! "rt Ic 750 0.40 S.S" .So 4.90 .10 2.90 471. »o 471.Sc 4S0. 50 4S1. in .(Sd.txi 4S6. 1 ,1 .)S<) do .)S().no Sn.v.iO 14. CX) I 5 6u 40. ()n I 450.00 450.00 4. .50 I 4.jo.,5o 45s. <)o I2.()0 I 452.90 .So I 45.5.70 7.40 I ,(()!. 10 I 47S.50 I7..JO 2. So I 465.00 I 1 4.. 5.) M.MT.WVAN AN'li FRENCH RlVKR VV.\TKR.^ U \ 1 M l'RC)\ HI ). .00 1.00 9 ■ 00 12 0<J I). 00 I <) ...o S . oO 10.00 10.00 ll ».oo ll 1.00 llo.= 17-7' >fouth of the Maitawan .50S.00 242.52 Foot of Lac I'loin Chants Rapids and C"liiitt Foot of Lac I'lcin Chants.. Foot of Dcs Kpincs Rapid I lea.l of do do I'oot ('f Rapide de la Rose .lo Head of I'l.ot of Rapid I lead .if do Foot ..f Riij.id I lead of do les Rochers . .\iL,niilk not 01 fCI I'.i.es .los Pares Ili'ild of ilo I'oot of I'etite I'aresseiiv Rapi.les. Head 111 .lo ilo Foot of Lac I'iniisi Foot of Talon Chute Ileatlof d. R it lielow Lake Ta Foot of LakeTal. I lead of de Foot of Turtle Lake Foot of Tr.iiit Lake I leail of till Fast shore of Lake Nipissinj;. I lead of Chauilierc I'ortai^e . . Foot of ilo Foot of Chaudiere Rapids. Head of Rapide du I'in Fool of d< .510.40 .5 10. So !?I('.25 .116.S5 .517.00 5IS.20 jio.ofi ^5 19-0 1 .?-2'-65 ,521.85 .522. 20 322. :55 .?2,5..5S .1245.? .?247" .525. 1 S .125- 3.^ .?.?2..54 .5.5().oS .^39..5(> .547-79 .VS1.9>S 3S2.42 .5S2.72 ,^'*4-o.? 391.60 ,591.69 5-4.S 0-5.S .20 0.70 2.64 '•15 7.01 ,5.2s 50.44 7-57 65.4S 0.40 0.40 0.05 o.is 0.01 0.09 5-40 16.90 0.20 5.60 0.20 5.60 4S9.00 494 4" 511.30 Sii-5" 517.10 517..?" 522.911 1.4.1 524-.?" 4.S11 529. 1" 0.20 .V?.So 0.15 I..13 8.20 12. So o.lS ,..15 42.7" o.<)o .?.74 20.9" ...90 4.10 0.50 '•3> Fall 24.50 25-3" 0.70 o. Ill I 529.20 0.40 I 520.60 529.60 56 5-4" 563.4.' 571.60 5S4.40 5S4.40 627.1.1 627.10 62S.00 62S.00 657.Q0 65S.80 65S.S0 f>J4-.5" 6.54-.?" 6( 19. 00 60S. 30 60S,. 50 605.7.1 2.6(1 f>.?.vl" 5-1" (150.70 6()i.6o r.S.. "2. So 641.60 612.00 611.90 7-.?" 3-7" :?(•) V .—Colli itmcii. Xanius of Kivt'is, Lakes, Ra|iiils, i\:c. llcail (if (iianili' I'aucilli' Kajii l-'oot of ilo do Mead of Rapid dii 15uisson ImmiI ol cli) Head of IV'lile l^'aucellc Ra Fool of do Head of Rapide de I'arisien Foot of do HeadofCrand Recollel Rapid Foot of do do Head of Small Kapid Foot of do Head of Small Rapid Foot of do Hea<l of ['elites Dalles Rapi Fool of do VIoiith of I'lench River. . . DlSI AM KS. in z-,-.r. .W2. 39.?' 303 ■ 394 395. 395. 412, 412. 413 413 417, 417. 427. 42S. 43". 45 53 22 32 Ol' 49 70 72 74 74 S2 54 64 Si 02 76 " 'A ^ -y. .76 o.()9 46 1.49 17 02 3-72 ro.17 2.74 o. 10 351-**! (1.22 0.21 ().o2 o. oS o. 10 0.21 7S.95 430.76 I,K\ Kl>. 5 kll o.lo 5.60 0.40 4.4(1 o.Sc O.So ('.10 0.70 2.00 605. 61 )( 1. 599- 596 S9f> 591 591 5S<,. 5«9. 5S2. 5S2, SS2, 5S2, 5S0, 5S(, 574 574 "-J s J= 009. (.0 59^.3') 593-7" 583.9(1 6.41 3.S.. 3..1.. (Signed) THOMAS C. CLARKE, Engineer, Ottawa Survey. I January 2nd, i860. 37 " G." >)nAUA Waikks lMPRnvKi..-Tal.lcof Disia: N. I lead of Des ChCnes I,ake. Chats ("anal i^i'ck and Dam.... , ,., ,, Chats ].ake | 5-75 151.35 Foot of Snows Lock ami Dam I'ortat^L' (111 Fori R.ipiiis Locks and Dam , Kocher Fendu Chute Locks and Dam Long kapids Lock Lafi orman S 50 Ol) 6.00 12.00 ' 8.00; 10.00 ' 38 r. " Oi'iAWA VVairrs Imi'ROVF.I). — Table of Distances and Levels. — (Coittiniwd.) Names Locks and Dam . niack Falls . . . Lock and 1 )am I^akc Coulonge Kool of Chapeau Lock and Dim. L'Islet Lock and Dam Fort William Foot of des Joachims. Foot of des Joachims Rapids. Lock and Canal .•!§ DiSI ANCK.S. ■5 « jd 1S9.30 I9".4.5 190.50 215-43 2 JO. 35 2^0.42 i.i- 18.32 24.93 .07 1.05 4.8.5 Fool of McSorley's Rapids Lock and approaches Foot of Rocher Capitaine Locks and Canal River In head of Rocher Capitaine Locks at head of Rocher Capitaine I'oot of Deux Rivieres Locks and Canal . Foot of Johnson's Rapids, Locks and Canal Mouth of Mattawa River. 22O.40 254.00 254.00 254.57 268.25 268. 38 272.50 272.95 273.65 273-«5 288.5s 28O.01 3"6.S5 3.1;;. 00 308.00 33.58 33.58 .0/ .07 Ll'.VIM.: a.^ z>^ 1 PI ■il : 12.00 12.00 339. 3' > .14 0.57 13.68 4.12 o. I • 0.45 0.70 11.70 20.54 5'-74 0.4(1 '>.45 20 3.19-3" 339-3" 351-3" 357-20 357-5" 358-5" 358.80 396. So 2.00 12.00 6. no i ; 1 04 . 00 1 8 . 0( ) 294-5" 13.00 13.00 12.00 400.811 425.8. 4tl ^" 486.8(1 507.00 I I f : I! I 1 1 5.00 (l.oo 13.00 6.00 12.00 12.00 1 2. 00 6. ( 10 1 2. on 8. 00 «4 148.20 .'50 "G." Ottawa \Vatkr> Fm provko, -Table of Distan Nil CCS and i^iivds,~(Gm/uJfJ.) I)I:STAN( ES. Levels. I Mniith ,,f ^[,•lllawall River I l'""l i>f Lncl'kii) (ham- 1 I K.ipidsan.l ChiUc ( I Lock.s and Dam Mb I l''<«it ,)f Riipidu df la K,,.m;. j; I I.()ck and approaches > ; Foot (if rarcssciix Chiilc ^ I • • • • = I Lock and approaches I I Ko„t „f iviit l'arc.v-,cux Rapid •*• I Lock and approaches I I'oot (if Talon Clinic I Lock and apprcjachcs I l''oo( ofl.akc Tallin ' Lock and approaches. ...'. V I Taion Lake - 1 Turtle i.ake Out lei!!!. ■r I Troni and Turtle Lakes. = i Summit Cut 5 I Lake Xipissinj; .)OS.oo 310.40 310.56 .516.85 .1 1 7.03 321.65 .5.M.S5 322.20 32^.40 324-53 324-75 325- kS 325.30 5hJ >5 .40 I 5"7.oo o-'6 j 533-00 6.29 4.62 o. rS 546.00 1 1 0-20 j 574.00 II ' 0.35 2-13 0.20 0.43 16.22 0.22 596.00 !| ■ I J. 00 13.00 IJ.OO 14.00 14.00 11.00 11.00 3 (J _ J a ._ ~ o f39So I Head (if Cliaudierc l'orlat;e ) ! Lake Nipi.ssiiiL'. . ' 1 I ' I I Locks and Hasin. . 5 1 ■ ~ I Head (.1 Rapide du liui.sson ~ , Lock and a|)pro.ache.s t! I Rapide de I'arisien \'\' ■^ I Lock and approaches. . . ■^ I (;rand Recollel Rapids ....', I Lock and approaches '. I i'etites Dailes Rapid ........ I Lock and Canal . . . . I Mouth of French River.... ( ' ( ieur^ian liay \ 330.0S 347. 70 3Si.9'S 3S2.42 3^^2.4: i.oS 9.00 ; ri.71 30-44 51-15 !.7S 4.19 \ • '4-50 \ • '4-50 I I 14-50 1 1 . 50 651.00 . 5-97 651.00 3S2. 72 Totals 393-22 I 10.50 .V).\-i'& I 395.61 ! 2.23 395-70 I 412-65 ! 16.95 412.74 I 427- <S4 15. 1 ( 428.02 430. 76 2.74 47-52 401.44 0.30 o. i6 O.0(J 0,09 0.1S 651.00 . 621.00 J I ( I 611,00 I 601.00 I 588.00 ' I ' 574-00 i ' 0.82 29.32 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 13.00 14.00 January 2nd, i860. (Signed,) II 144.00 64 77-00 663.70 THOS. C. CLARKE, Engineer Ottawa Survey. II. Abstracts of Estiniatcs. Saint Anncs Carillon Chute a Hlonfluau . Citcnviili; Green Shoals Chauiiioro and Dcs Chats Snows I'ortamj (111 Fort. Kochcr I'cniUi. . . Lake C!oulonj;o C'hai)L'au, rislct, &c. l)es Joachims. , McSorloy's. ... . ■ . Rochcr Capitaine. . . Deux Rivitrcs Johnson's I'lein Chants . . . l)e ia Rose . . . I'aresseux . I'etile I'aresseux Talon Chute . . . Talon Lake . . . . Summit Cutting Chauiliere of French Ri' Rapiile ilu Huisson I'ariien Rapid ( Irand Rccollet relilcs Dalles Add 5 per cent, for Krgiueering and Superinten<lence $ J07741 So 14431S -^5 1197S52 JO 133.556 50 287396 10 S560S8 00 327773 ("'^ 169375 «S 553543 70 4 1 994 1 40 287019 20 215744 35 123573 20 242096 20 212116 45 270105 05 98518 65 j()8925 02 "|J2()I2 50 108,558 90 I3''34y 20 159870 90 $ 469672 1649909 1 36 1 05 Si 6733 681932 256840 262514 243507 1757653 1162154 2 1 60369 880117 II4S35"5 574175 120576S0 \V. (Signed) THOMAS C CLARKE, Engineer, Ottawa Survey. January 2nd, iSfJo. n ITKMS. (.HkiiiIiIil's, WOKK A I SaIM A.NM.'s 1.0(1- No. I. I\ciiiiivint; (j|(l Lock Walls Cilliic yds. Kxcavaliiiii, iiicluiliiit; iiiini|)int;, itc, . . do l-jidiaiikinciil dd M.vSdiiry in Lock Walls, face and CdpinL; do d(i <1 p (111 Culvurls. .... ill. di) ilii (111 liackini; du Kulililc .Masunry in C'cniunt do Ciin.Tilc Masonry do Tiinlicr in fouii<lali'ins I.inl. fcot. \\'iniii;lit Iron in loinidations I.hs. ( 'ast Iron ilo Milrc Sills, c..ni|iK'lc ( 'ulvcrl ( lalfs, coniplcli: Lock Cialcs, coniplulu 2900 IJ4S00 40()0 205.S 14S 450'J 20J0 450U /'urs. I'inc Tindicr Link fctt. \Vroni;lu Iron IJis. liallcrcd Wall in Ccnicnl ( Ailiic yds. Slonc lillint; . <lo Liniiii; willi earth, iVc do Co(l\>- /.hi/iis to lie i-lIiioi'cJ. I'inc 'I'indiLT [.•ink fcul. Linini; with carlli, iVc Culiic yds. I'lank' do WiiRk Al ('AKri.l.uN. I.od;^ Xo. -' aiiii J. ' l!xc,ivalion of Rock ., Ciiliic yds. Kiiiioval of (Jril) Work . ... do I'anlianknicnl . . do M,i>onry in lock walls, facr and copiii!;. do do do ( 'ulvuri^ do do do liackini:; do Kulililo .Masonry in Ccnicnl do CoiicrcU- .Masonry do Timber in foundations Liid. feci. Wronj^ht Iron, in do Ll)s. (ast Iron do Milrc sills, complete Lock ijalcs, i;oniplclc Culveil L^.iles, complete .S5.S400 147600 494 -Scj.So 56400 '5750 »')So <>4oao ,50000 1 0000 5".i5 40S2 2Q6 .J03S .57S> 1/' 4040 9010 1 1 560 />,im. I'iiie Tindier Link feet. i'kmk inchidini; Spike !•'. 11. M. Wrought Iron LI is. Sioni' lilliin; Culiic yds. .Slope or pavement wall do Haltered wall do Co(fer Paiii^ to he leiiio-.n li. Pine Tinilier Link feet. Stone filling Culiic yds. Linini; with earth, i*tc do 1 1 3000 542000 46000 47000 4850 9413 31500 3700 2000 Trice. $ CIS. " 75 I 50 o 25 12 oO 16 00 iS (X) Amount. Total. $ cts. 2175 U'J 2o22oo 00 10 1 5 00 (1 00 o IS o 15 O 10 24660 00 236S 00 36072 00 $ cts. 205390 oO o 1(1 10 4 oo '.1 .j.S '1 2 o '^'* O 60 26 00 $ Cls. I oO " 5" 12 00 I'l 00 6 00 4 5" 6 00 .1 kS o 15 O lo U I() 22 00 o lo 5,, 1 50 J 25 22 o 75 o 30 4:18 00 (17 S 00 57s 00 025 00 5000 UO (150 00 '.>7.i44 "" 147(10 00 1976 oO 19745 O' 12740 00 71399 60 3465 00 40.S CO 2444 oO $ CIS. 30000 1.0 5000 CMI '27'\5 75 4S()S4 00 475(1 00 54J2S oO 17023 50 186565 (JO 6317 0(1 $469671 60 $ ct.s. 477S3 75 S16 00 6,S() 80 1.55' 1156 5" < M 1 1250 OJ 1255" 00 1300 00 144081 80 340S0 (.0 7524 00 4600 00 23500 00 7-'75 00 30592 25 6930 00 2775 "O 600 00 107571 25 10305 00 $309741 80 4-' I. — Cull fi lined. ITKMS. WOKK AT fill IK A l!l.CiM>K,Ar. /.I'lV Xo. .f. I'Acavaticm of Rock C. ycK. Eml>anUn'.i.'nl <l" Masonry in Ldck walln, fncc ami copinj;. . ilo (Ici (1(1 C"lllV(.TlS. (Ill do do HacUinjj. . do KuliMe Masonry in Ccmcnl do Concrutt; Masonry do Tinil)(.'r in fonndalions Linl. (l. \Vr(iiiij;lU Iron in do .. Llis. Cast Ir#n do Milre Sills, c()ni|ilL'tc Lock dates, coiniilciu . . . Culvert Gales, complete Dam. rinc- Timber i-inl. ft, Flank, incUidini; Spike I''. I!. M. Wrought Iron I<l's. Stone filling; (\ yds. Slope or iiavement wall >lo liatlered wall in Cement do Cflffii' Dam to he reiiioi'tuL Timber Stone tillinf; Lining with earth, \c. Linl. ft. .C. yds. . . do WOUK AT (iKK.WII.I.K. /.oikf IV'K 5, 6, 7 aitii S. Excavation of Earth C. yds. do Loose Kock do do Solid do do Masonry in Lock Walls, face and coping . do do ilo Culverts do do do liacking do Rubble Masonry in Cement do Concrete di' Timber in foundations Linl. ft. Wrought Iron Lbs. Cast iron do Mitre Sills, complete Lock (iates, complete Culvert Gates, complete Canal Jiaiiks. Stone tilling made from Cuts C. yds, riank, including Spike F. 15. M, Slope or pivenient wall C. vds Mattered wall dry do do do 'n cement do 327000 45900 19454 2I2() ,5437 I 5200 I S( i( ) Io2o 56 1 000 25200 566300 7662 522 16925 410 S44 15210 I I9S0 20230 o 16 22 00 11 lo 60 1 50 J 75 $ cts. 3" (')0 I 00 12 (Id 16 00 6 00 4 5" 6 00 iS •5 «573<' 27197 773f>" 5756O 1 5" 2 75 3 25 14 1 36 00 7194 00 4390 00 1 1660 40 3193 5" 12SS5 75 3.544 00 Ii>oo 00 306 00 $ Cl.s. I0S3O' 00 15120 00 53402 C5 i(^<^i 91944 (.0 8352 Oo I0I550 00 IS45 00 5004 00 2737 So 1797 00 2023 00 2190 00 I.S250 00 2275 00 $ Cts 4S9720 00 23X007 S(i 21432 50 4'>795 5" 212795 "" 1S70S9 50 Masd 4621 12 5(! 48 I — Continued.) ITI'.MS. CotT>)- iKii/is to he leiiiovtil . Tiiiilur StdiK' lilliiij^' Linint; with earth, itc . ..l.inl. ft . . ( '. yds .. ill, WoiJKAi (;i<KKN S.iOAl.s, and dredi^ini; ,.f the iivur Lulvvucn (.rcen Shoals and Ottawa^ Kxcavation ,.f rock within ccfilcr dam . . C vds Drcdf^Mif,' of Channel ' I'IKKS, I'inc timber Linl. (t. Stone hllini:. ... /' , \Vn.nj,.ht Irnn ! ! '. ! ! '. ". ! '. ' T,''' I.uiing with earth, kc '.','. .".'..'('. yds' Cdl IK.K liANt> TO 111-, KKMO\K|,. I'ine timlier Stone lillint; l-ining with earth, itc. Linl. ft. C. yds. WouK AT Ottawa C'itv, inchidint; all lo the head of the Dii Chenes Rapids. /-0,ks N . g, 10, //, ,J, /J „;„/ y^. Excavation of Rock . Cuhic yar.ls KxcavationofRockat foot of locks within cofferdams, incliidint,' pumpuiL' Kxcavationof Rockat theRemoiix with in colter dams, includini; pimipini: Removal of old crihs ' ' Removal of bridge piers ] . l^nibaid<ment do do do Masonry in lock walls, face and coping' 'lo do f'ulvert.s '. •'" do Hacking; Coursed ridible masonry at head of lock 12 Ridible masonry in cement Concrete Timber in foiindn lions ' Wrought Iron in foundations . . . . . " ' 'li',. Cast Iron j " ..,•. .,, do iMitre sdls, complete Lock gates, complete Culvert dates, complete Swing Rridge [ //_ do do do do do do Linl. ft. ^•uantities. Price. 27800 2i;oo 1320 $ Its. 22 60 JO Amount. $ I t>. 61 16 00 1500 00 .596 00 Tot.i $ ( ts 94"2 I 2l » )OOl ) 24J760 833J 1 6000 6166 107 J4370 12673 74cS 32166 3562 S'3 .V>7 9110 31 120 29120 $ Its. 2 SO o 30 166510 16 I72IO 75 1 1756 10 3700 30 $ Its. 23505 Oil 60O110 00 80 12 Oo L?'J9Z^''5230 $ Cts. 83505 00 30030 I o 25 2470 ; 1 00 1200 ; ,, r,o 26641 60 12975 Oil I 175 60 mo 00 7507 so 2470 no 720 00 41902 20 1 0697 51 $ Its. o 90 ' 50 2 00 o 30 o 50 o 25 10 00 16 00 5 00 6 SO 4 5" 6 (ID o iS o 15 o 10 $ Its. 219384 00 12499 50 32000 00 1849 80 , S3 50 ' 8592 50 126730 00 1 1968 00 160830 00 23153 "O 3658 50 1842 00 1639 80 3168 Co 2912 00 3125 00 29300 Oil 3250 00 7000 00 j $136104 71 $ cts. 274379 30 37S576 30 44 -Contiiiiad. ITKMS. Ihiiiii and Ctiiia/ Hanks. I'iiU' Tiinlicr Ljnl. ft, I'l.ink, incliuliiit; siiikc V. I!. M. Wroiij^ht Iron Lbs. Slime lilliiij; Cubic yds, Slii|ie or I'avL'Mient wall liallircd wall, laid dry liattcrL'd wall in cumt'iil I'uddlc wall Liniiif,' with chip stoni' and (;ra\ cl do do .io do do Coffti />tinis, .', /o Ih- nmoved. I'inu Timber |,inl. ft, Sione t'l!inj4 ...Cubic yds, Wri'iii^lit Iron IJis. Lining with uarlli, \c Cubic yd.s, WoKKs \r iiiK CiiAis Kaiihs. I.chs Nos. lS,/(>, /y, /S (ii/i/ i,y. Kxcavation of earth Cubic yds tlo of rcjck do do of do within cofler dam inchidin}; puniiiinj^ dcj I!iubanUnient . ,1,, do do do <lo d( Masonry, Icjck walls, facini; and coping do do culverts do do bacUinij Rubble masonry in cenienl (^merete Tindur in found.ition Linl. It. \Vr(.ut;ln iron in do lJ,s Cast Iron ,1,, Plank, inclmlini; spike !•'. 1!. M Mitre sills, coiiii)lete Lock ^ates, complete Culvert j;ates complete Daiiii and Ficrs. l-Acavation Cubic yds. I'ine tindier Linl. ft. riank, includin)! spike !■'. I;. M. Wrought Iron Lbs. Stone tilling Cubic yds. Slope or ])avemenl wall do Haltered wall in cement do Lining with chip stone and gravel do Coffer Damn — one half to he removed. I'ine timber ■ Linl. ft. Stone Idling Cubic yds. Lining with earth, itc do W'oKK Ai riiE Snows, hu Cuk.naux Kai'ids Lock No. 2o. E.xcavaiion of rock Cubic yds. Embankment do 166200 J 1 0400 91690 14540 6.S00 2S.50 10224 .5560 2770 1 56260 1S799 15249 5500 32500 77645 4444 74,52.5 91N7 600 27726 4jJ iSoS 2.5.500 10.S56 2.534" S94, ,0 <Juantities. I'rice. 400 291S402 407500 .S7470 45555 2734 294,1 331" 95530 10014 2190 16600 17100 o 16 22 00 o 10 o 75 ' 5" J 00 3 5" o 45 o 50 20 1 00 o 10 50 ,i*^ $ cts. 3 50 o I .1 12 00 16 00 (. 50 4 5" 6 00 o 16 " 15 O III 20 Oil 2 50 " '5 20 00 Io II So 1 5" 4 0,1 o 40 20 1 20 o 50 I 'Is. • 75 o 20 Amoimt. Total. 26592 ()82S 9169 1 091,5 9750 .S490 3^7S4 1002 \5i 3>S52 1,S799 '524 1650 00 So 00 oO 00 CO 00 00 on Jo 00 00 00 109951 .So 53.^25 $816733 90 3" $ I'ts 8.25 1941 12 00 5^-' $ lis. 15554 00 1114S 45 1 22S9J9 95 1 1 1 224 00 i 9600 00 j 134719 "II ' 194''' 50 [ 10848 00 i 3728 no 1628 40 2334 IJO 1788 00 .'50II 00 20750 00 2600 00 302687 80 1000 ()0 44760 30 9950 00 S747 00 36444 00 4 to! 00 1 1 7'jo I lO 1324 00 I9I06 Oo 1 20 1 6 80 1095 no $ Its. 29050 00 3420 00 I 18086 !0 32217 ,So $j8i9 3i 95 $~(Tsr 32470 GO ».*» I. — Continued. ITK.MS. Mnsntiry In Luck uiill>, face ami copinn Ciil 'I" ll" fuhxTtS 'I" il" MackiiiK Iviilililo MiisDiiry ill cinicni <'iiiu:ri'Hj Miisiiiiry Tiiiil)ur in fmindations j^ Wrmit'lil iron in (In \ (Jasi iriiii in do Milrc Sills coniplclc .'. ... l-nck y.iU's L'diiiiiletf \ Culvert j;aic.s c()ni|)luli; lie yds, do <lo do do inl. fi. . .Ihs. ..lbs. Daiii^ and J'icrs. Ilxcavaiion I'lnc Timber i'lank inchiilinf; Spike Wroiifihl iron Stone lillinj; I5allered walls in cement Lined with Chip Stone, Cravel, etc . . Coftr Daiii to ic reiiiorcc/. I'ine Timber Stone tillinj^ Lining with earth, etc Cubic y<ls.j ...Link ft.i ...K.ii.M.I .Cubic yc (to do ..Link ft. • Cubic yds. do WoKK AT PORlAtiE DU FoKT RaI'IDS. Lotks Nos. 31 aiiil 22. Lxcavation of Rock Cubic yds. Kmbankment ,i,. do do do lo .Masonry in Lock Walls, face an I coping do Culvert do Hacking .' .' .■ ; Rubble Masonry in Cement Concrete do ..... Tiiiiber in foundations i^jp] Wrought iron in foundations 1| Cast Iron ' ' II Mitre Sills complete I Lock ( jaies complete Culvert Gates complete. . Dam. I'ine Timber ]^i„|_ f, I'lank, including Spike F. Ji.M. Wrought Iron "_ '\\^^ Mattered Walls in Cement Cubic yds Stone fillipgl ,1^, ■ Lining with Chip Stone, Gravel, etc i|o Coffer Dain—owAhinl to he removed. Ti'i'l'er Link ft. .Stone hlling Cubic yds. Linmg with Earth, iS:c ,io I • luaniitics. 2248 148 5205 J')8 n 2020 45"" 57S0 160 j"24y 31700 8000 1S75 450 '433" 1460 160 47200 14056 4016 296 S799 136 4040 9000 11560 I'rice. .\mounI. [ Total. 14 00 I S On ''75 4 5" 6 00 o 17 " 15 o 10 2 00 o IS 2o Oo 10 1 00 350 o 50 o 20 ' 25 "50 S cts. 1 4(j o 20 14 X) iS 00 675 450 6 00 o 17 o 15 o 10 134 '5" 15 33"7"0 2C Oo 44875 lo 8685 3 75 13784 060 2190 50 3411.) 20 1440 I 00 '54 50 314721.0 35 "33 75 2()l)4 00 1791 00 462 00 343 "" },:•,! SO 578 00 625 00 5050 00 650 00 3-!" 4537 "34 800 0562 00 35 00 00 00 SO 00 797"6 6s 2866 1825 80 00 00 00 16408 85 4771 00 ^$'33356 S" $ cts. 66080 00 281 1 20 $ cts. 56224 00 68891 20 5328 00 59393 25 1665 00 81600 686 00 ns" "<) I I 56 (JO 1250 GO 1()700 00 1 3<)o 00 21342 00 6674 00 139868 25 4487 5(j 32568 75 8270 40 1095 r)o 74437 65 4(5 I. — {CoiitiiiHi'd,) riK.MS. WOKk Al RoCllKk !'"KMiU C'llANNKI.. l.Oik< Noi. 23, 24. 2;. 26, 27, 2S, 29 iiihl 311. Excavation of Solid KccU (". yards. Kxcnvalioii of Loose Kock liniliankmciit ( >iianliiii- do do Masonry in Lock-walls, faci' and copinj;. , do do (111 Culverts do do do Hacking do Kul)l'l(.' NL-wonry in Cement do Concrete Masonry do Tind)er in foundations Lineal feet, Wrouylu Iron in foundations Ilis, Cast Iron llis, Mitre Sills, com]ilete Lock (jates, cociiiiletc Cidvert dates, complete I'ine 'I'imlier Lineal feet. riank, including Spike !•'. U. .M. Wroiiglit Iron Ilis. .Stone tilling Cubic yar is. Mattered wall in Cenienl do Lining with Chip Stone, Gravel, i^c do I'ine Timber Lineal feet. Stone tilling Cubic yds. Lining with earth, etc do ir<ts/c- llWr. Oak Timber Cubic feet. Oak I'lanks V. li. M. Wrought Iron Ib.s. Rubble ALasonry Cubic yds. Masonry in Arches do Work ai' Lakk Coulonoe and Cui.uute Channel. Dredging Cubic yds. I'xcavation of Rock do P/ers ami Coffif Dam. f)0ci2i 1 32011 4i<''4.S I5()4.S 1044 367S0 2174 444 l6f)So 31 1 1 2( 1 4i)6cSo I'ine Timber .Stone Filling . . Lining with earth, etc. 274(^7,1 3«5.Soo 7155" 3794f< 12.S74 2222 .51245 410 54" 3920 1 1 76 355 60 424500 43jJ<' 214050 1S610 1 0300 I'rici^. $ els. ' 5" o 0(1 o 3,, 14 00 iX 0(1 ^'75 4 75 (.5,, 11 17 " '5 11 111 " "5 2(1 (111 11 111 I no 4 o(i (1 50 ' -.1 (.50 " ''3 25 00 " '5 5 0,1 14 0(1 $ Cts. 030 2 00 16 60 30 .\uii unl. Total. $ el,. ()i)o3ii 00 l()2o 00 1249 J 5.1 223272 (k; I.S792 00 24X265 00 111326 50 2SSt) no 2S35 60 4;iJi 00 406.S IMi 4575 00 3Nlm > (HI 4550 00 1 412455,1 i $ ct>. ".m3S' 562 iSS III 77'o 00 7'55 "" 3794,Soo 51496 (Id 1 1 1 1 00 135 00 9S 00 176 40 177500 S40 00 $ cts. 12735000 S66611 00 3424S 00 1 1 166 00 3090 00 10766 5( 3024 40 $836088 00 $ cts 2140I0 00 4S504 00 $262514 (lO I. — (C<»//in/ii'(f,) FTKMS. (JunntiticN, Trices. AinDiiiii. Tiial. NVOKK Al (;ilArKAr, L-Isi.,.,1, ASt. (VlMlTI. Ka.'ids. /■oc/cs m>s. j/ iii/,/ j j. KxcHvati.mof knck, Chai.LMU anil L'I,lei . C. y.K hxcavaiion of Kock, CuHjuIl' ,i,, iMnliankmeiit (I ilo Mascmry in I.nckwalls, face and cpini; '" '1" Culverts..... L, ,,'" ,. ''" liarkint; riiH)l)lf Masonry in Ct-nifni t-'oncrulL' Masnnry Timber in fdiindaiions '.',.'.'. Nyriiii),'lit Iron in do ■'.','.'..'.'.'. fast I run .^^itrl• .Sills complfti' ......!...., I.iick ( iaUvsconiplfiu ("iilvcri (iaiLN cdinpleif. .. ,. .1 />IVI Tint- Timl)cr. (Id (]o do (Id dd ,inl. ft . . Ll)s . , lid I.inl. ft. i)i„„i . , ,..■.. i.nii. It I lank, inchidnij,' ipikt- j.-, |j_ ;vj Lbs. ^Vrdll^;lu Irdn. Iblloroil \s"all in Cement . ... /•' X,i' Sidne lilJinti !... I I.inint,' with Chip stone, sravej, ,{c! ....... (Id do Coffer ham lo In n movcti. !;;":' ■'^;v.''^'- Lini. fi.i •^V".^'-' '■"'"K C vds I'lnniR wall eaith, iVc ,f,, Wast, Wei,: Oak Tiiid)er c r . OakPhnk ■.■..•.■.•.•.'.•. kS/m- ^Vr.ui^ht Iron U.^ l<ul.l)leM.isonry ... /' Arch do . ^-y'"'- A'OKK AT Dks JoA( IIIMS RaiIDs, Locks No. sj, j^, ,.,-. E.xcavalion of Rock r ,„i^. Embankment " T • Removal df I'eirs, Cril.s, Ac. '.'.'.'.".'.'.['.".'. ,'io 22IOd 20dd I2I9d 4.}'2 296 HS44 icS6 •36 404(1 QodO 11560 .^240 60170 rjs2d 2776 42S.? 726 51092 571" 1740 5^7 392" 1176 260 61 1970" 5>5<>" 493" $ Cts, 1 4d 2 00 " 3" 14 Od 15 do 6 75 4 75 " .S" " 17 " 'S O Id " '5 2d Od d Id 4 dd o 70 " 5" 2d 1 o(j d 50 d 25 25 dd " '5 4 5" lO dd $ CIS. ,jd94d (JO 4ddd do ,^^'57 "" 6(]_56S do S32S dd 79947 "" S,Sj 5d 6,S6 ,Sd '35" "" 1156 dd ■ 25" (Id i"4dd (Id idd (Id 49S6 (Id I2d,5 41, • 35-2 O" 1 1 1114 dd 299S Id ,56s do I021S 40 571" d" iS7d (Id 13> 75 9.S dd 176 4d 11711 "" 976 "o $ Cts. • 75 o 25 $ :ts. 34475 00 12875 Od 9S6 Od $ cl> 3S597 '63553 ,?" 22(11 16 51 1679S 4(1 2552 15 $243.So7 35 $ CIS 4S3 IS I. — {Continued) IT IS. Masonry in 1. uo K-wal >lo do s, l:ici' anil Ci ("iilvcils .. , lf:n'kini^. . . . Kiilibli' Masonry in Ci'mont (.'oncii'ti' Miisoniy Hatlcicil Wall in CiMncnl TinibiT in loumlations . \Vroii^;IU Iron, in ilo Cast Iron Milri' Sills conijiK'ti' I.ocU (iates conipli'lf C'ulvcrl dales coniiilcte piiii;- .C". yils. .. ilo . , .lo .. do . . .U. , .I.inl. fl Ll's . do (.)uaninii'- 0727 .574 15191 S,5o '54 455<' '"55'' 145O" !\iiiis, C/i/'s, aiui I'liHij,' I'yaiii-. Kxcavation C. yds, rim- Tinihir Linl. ll rianU, including SpiUe K. 15. M Wroiij^lil Iron Lbs Stone lining C yils Hatlcred Wall in Cenicnl . . do .Slope or ravenienl wall . . do Linini; \\ illi Chip slone, itc do ColTiV Pain, lo f>c iriiioTn/. Pine Timber I,inl. fl, Slone lillini; C. yds, Linini;, willi earth, \e do Work Ai Ml SiiRi.Kv's Rapids. 1.0, k No. j(). 'S7 ".>vt" 24OS00 .JOJOO HJ2.S0 5.5 4'7'» 700 Joi)lo l2()o I'.xcavalion of KocU. k\o I'larth. KinbanUnienl ,...r. yds (to do ilo .lo do Masonry in Lock -walls, face and c 'lini; do do Culverts do do HacUini; Rubble Masonry in Cement . . do Concrete Masonry do Timber in foundation Linl. ft. Wrou};lit Iron in ilo Lbs, Cast Iron do Mitre Sills complete Lock dates complete Culvert dates complete 10420 S()4o -!475 i.|S 5<'4') .525 2020 45""' 57««> I'ria $ Cts. 1.^ "O 17 00 " 75 4 75 () 50 4 Oil o 17 " '5 O ll. 2n 1 00 " .?5 $ Cts. <) 2S " 25 '5 5" 1<) o() 7 25 4 0" f' 75 o 17 " «5 o 10 .\niount. 1 -'5 1071 -:5 1 ) 15 17001 00 00 4').?(> 00 lo 40J0 <.o 5" i)()40 00 4 < M> 212 00 1 75 7.! '.5 25 ( t 5" .)5" 0( \ 4IS2 00 2520 00 .141 00 20S40 Oi\'' 22S2 50 2160 00 .?S,5()2 50 2SI2 00 4i'9<>- 75 1592 5" 45" "" .M.? 4" •'75 "" 57S 00 ()25 00 6200 00 55" "" Toial. .$ CIS 2279s ' '2 4454.5 5" ()i)4j 00 $327773 62 $ Cts. 252S2 50 93261) 15 4!) I (f'(>///iiiit,,/.) I ii:\is. /■ 'nil ,111.1 ( I ii>. i:\i'.\\:\ii,)ii III I-:, mil ,• |_^ I'liu' riiniHi I ii'i 'Yj"' I'. H. M <lo C. V.lx (in' I'l.ink, iiu-lihliiit; >|Hkc . . \\ iciiii;lu Itiim Seine liliiiij; iMllncil \\,ill in ( rinnil Miiiiif; will) Cliiii ,|nn,., i;i.kv,l, fic. ' CiU/ri /\iiii t.t ■, /, v,ii,-v,/. I'iiU' liiiiln'i Menu- tilliiij; Lining wiih iMiih, \c ' ' ' I 'ii.inlit its. JDllQ IJ1S20 iS^jdo l<).(Jn lOJi. "17 I.iiil. II. I', vds. il.i' .iSo I'AiMv;iliiiri ,if kdcL, <1" l-.ailji. l'mli:inkiiiL'iil * . vd . .1,1 M.ix'iliy ill l.,,ck w;ill>, l;,.v .,|„l a,|,ii,i. "Ill CiiUnls 'Ill I'.u-kini; Kiilililc .Masniiiy in v'.'iui.nt I'nlUTl'U' M;l-.ii|lly li.iliiu'il W.ill in Cfiiicni TiIIiIh'I ill I■'(lllll,l,llil,|l^ Wiinii;lil Inni in ,|ii . . t'a.sl linn Milii' .Sills (.niiipK.it. Y . I.')fk micv ciiiniilclc ... !...... ' 'ulvcii L;aiiN i-niii|ik'ic ■ In 5"! I 1 .Si. 1 5 ,Mli. h ISKI4 liSi 2i\ n.\i 05711 ISndn -".vl" /'./ 'II ,llli! (.',111,1. A, KM-avalinii n| K.uili liiiili.iiiknR'iii I'lMc'rimliir I'lank, incUiiliiiM Spike . . . . \\ riHij.;lil liiiii .' Smiic lilliiii; • ■ ■ • ■ ItalkTol W'all ill Cciiiciu. .'. , . . .. , Slope (11 r.iviiiunt w.ill . I^iniiij,' Willi cliip siniR., Kiavtl, ^i'. ■•..(. v.l-. .1(1 I.iiil. 11, • ...K.ll M. U.S. .. C. v,|s. li,l .1.1 WoKK A I l)K|\ Knil UKs. /■o,hJVos. 41, 4^., 4.y ,jWy^. I'xca»ali,jn of rock . . n 1 •I" I'.arlli f l.mlwnkiDcni lo S()o .il-'.»lo .».Sj,Soo IS 1510 S".>i<i 4.)4" M.SI .iS40 50900 20610 ""■^- .Vninlllll. .•P IN. 11 15 (1 I I I) 711 4 ,io .1 5,1 n JO I On $ Is. Tolai. .f I (> 5' II I nil 1^-7.; 00 i'ln.) iH> i'KIJ (ill l.vi"4 Co .Sj;;(i nil .^iiS 50 147(1 00 5 JO 00 <)<) 00 4X7,17 .S«> 2<ii)5 00 $i6<),{75 '5 S7'li 7 7,S .v(45 4'J |||4,S7I 4u () s' 1 ',i4,5<;2 VI 1 II 1 104.(0 on / 1 II 1 i-7.iS« 00 .1 (In 777.S 00 I) HO 1 S-'4 <io I >'■> 5o<l.( no 1 ; 1110 <)(> ' ,S -'-'S') 00 10 1 -'ii,i4 00 JI90 00 KM 75 00 -'-75 '1" .i'.Sf>,i4 .)0 -•,s : 074 nil -.s 1 -'IS no i,S 40,S0| 5,, 2(1 00 <)050 00 10 15151 00 1 on So,)lo uo 4.5'' I002 00 J (1 ) S()So 00 5»^> 7^5 5" .).>J.?S <"> $5SJS4.? 70 I 90 25 '5 6726 00 12725 00 .{091 50 22542 00 ")U I — {Con finned.) ITKMS. Masonry in Lock Walls, face and copiii};. C. yds. do Culverts do do Hackintj do Rubble Masonry in cement do Concrete masonry do Timber in foundations Lin), ft. Plank in .lo K. H. M. Wrought Iron in do Ll)s. Cast Iron do Mitre .Sills complete Lock gates complete Culvert gates complete <.>uantilies Dam and Canal Banks. \ Excavation C. yds. Embankment do Pine Timber I.,inl. ft. Plank, including .Spike P". B. M, Wrought Iron. Lbs. Stone tilling . .C. yds. Battered Wall in Cement do Slope or Pavement Wall do Lining with chip stone, gravel, &c do j Coffer Dam. Pine Timber Stone /illing Lining with Earth, &c. Linl.ft. .C. yds. I (lo I Work aj Johnsion's Rai'Ids. Loil-s No. 4S and i^d. Excavation of Koek C. yds. do Earth do I Embankment do i Ma.sonry in Lock walls, face and coping . . . do do do Culverts do ! do do Backing ........ do Rubble Masonry in Cement do j Concrete Masonry do | Timber in foundations Linl. ft.j Plank do K.B.M.! Wrought Iron in Foundations. ... Lbs. Cast Iron do do Mitre Sills, complete Lock Gates do Culvert Gates do .... Dam and Canal Banks, Exeava'.ion C. yds. Embankment . . .. . . do Pine Timber Linl. ft. Plank, including Spil e F.N.M. 5S0 240S 3201 lO 146200 jIOO 20340 720 22130 176250 I 9S600 72630 3S5.5S 3272 5969 555 1S430 3000 1200 5005 57150 1 0964 4201 296 944S 59" 750 "531' 43400 4800 11560 1790 26280 175640 465600 1.5 5" iS 00 6 75 5 On 7 00 17 2(1 00 15 10 1 00 15 15 20 00 10 80 4 00 2 on (o 20 00 35 2 00 3" 15 15 00 20 00 7 25 5 25 7 20 16 20 00 15 10 75 «5 •4 20 00 2900 00 16S56 00 5593 >"' 2924 00 466 50 2034 (.0 2190 00 18650 00 2275 00 72(! 00 3319 5" 26437 5" 3972 00 7263 00 30830 40 1308S 00 1193S 00 277 5" 292447 3686 00 3000 00 420 00 97S45 9" 7106 CiO $419941 _4^ 1 1 120 00 17145 no 1644 60 63150 00 5920 00 68498 on 3097 50 5300 00 1844 80 868 00 720 00 1 1 56 00 1250 0<1 IIooo 00 1300 00 •342 so 3942 00 24589 60 9312 GO 29909 6(1 164104 rn I. — {Coutimivd.) ITKMS. Wrouglii Iron r , Stone Fillinf,'. .. ;. '^ IJaiierfd Wall in CenK-nt .'.!.'. IT' Slope or Pavement Wall ... d,, Liiiing with Chip Stone, Gravel, kz. . '. '. '. '. '. ,lo Co/rc'r Dam. I'ine Tinilier l :„i r. Stone Filling '. l^ml ft. Lining with Karth, etc . ....'.'.'.'.".'.'..'.' '.'. ' (f,, " Work AT I'lein Chants Cm- i <)uantitie.s Kxcavation of I limhanknient., , Locks. Nos ck. . . . 47 and 4^. . C. yds. . do 77720 2S340 190 S282 iiSs 17800 2000 Ij20 -Mas jnry in Lock walls, face and copinir ''" do Culverts ,. ,,"" <1<' Hacking. Kiihlile .Masonry in Cement. Concrete do ' Tiniher in Foundations .., \yrought Iron in Foundations Cast Iron do Mitre .Sills, complete Lock (Jates, complete Culvert (Jates, complete do do . . . . do do . . . . do Lineal feet. Lb.s, Ll)s, 17614 9200 Dam. E.xcavation n \ fine Timber '. V. r jn,^' f!' Plank, including Spike ....■." p o M Wrought Iron i*- «• M. Stone filling V.' p ^"■'*- Battered Wall in Cement .".'.'.".■.■.■.■ " V Lining with Chip Stone, fJravel, sic .'.'.'.'. do Work at Kapidf. dela Rosk. Loik No. tfg. Excavation of Rock r «ric Embankment ".'.'.".'.'.".'.*. do Masonry in Lock walls, face and coping. do do do Culvert-s........ ,io ,. ,,, '•" do Backing ' ,io Kubbie Masonry in Cement. . . 7. , ,, Concrete Masonry do ,1" Timber in Foundations V ini f. Wrought Iron do jt Cast Iron \ ... .. ;.' .■;.■;;;;; • \,j" Prices. Amount. $ cl.s. II 75 4 75 2 00 50 20 I 00 .30 3995 19 00 226 23 00 9366 7 30 •35 6 00 ss S25 2540 17 6050 IS 8780 10 .530 06250 1S8500 SO 15 20 00 31700 10 1590 120 400 40 4 90 50 2650 • 75 8420 30 2200 18 00 •48 22 00 5096 7 IS 280 I 75 70 8 00 2020 17 4500 IS 5780 lo $ cts. 8549 20 21255 00 902 50 16564 00 592 50 Total. $ cts 87049 30 3560 00 2000 00 396 00 5956 00 $ 287019 2„ ' 75 30 36S24 50 2760 00 75905 00 5198 00 68371 80 810 00 701 25 431 So 907 50 878 00 940 00 8475 00 975 00 335S4 5' 163593 35 265 00 9937 So 3770 00 3170 00 636 0(J 588 00 200 00 18566 50 $215744 35 4637 50 2526 00 39600 00 3256 00 36436 30 1610 00 560 00 343 4" 675 "o 578 00 7163 5, -( Coiitiniicii,) ITKMS. Milrc siils, CDiupIt'tc Lock gams do ('ulvcrt gates do Dam. Kxcavalion C. yds. I'ine Timber . . Linl. ft. Plank, including Spike F. I!. M. Wrought Iron . Lb.^. Stone Killing C. ydp Rubble Masonry i!(i Lining with Chip Stone, (Iravel, etc. . . do WoKK Ai I'akesskhn Ciiutk. 1.0(k< Nos ■,-() and j/. Excavation of Rock. Knibanknient C. yds . do copul AJasonry in Lock walls, tatc ami do do Culverts do do do Hacking do Rubble Masonry in Cement da Concrete Masonry in Cement do Tind)er in Foundations Linl . It Wrought Iron in Foundations Lbs Cast Iron do Mitre Sills, complete. ... Lock ( iates, do Culvert Gates do Ouantities, Dam. Lxeavalion C. yds. I'ine Timber Linl. ft. riank, including Spike.. . F'.H.M. Wrought Iron Lbs. Stone Filling C. yds Battered Wall in Cement do Lining with Chip Stone, (jravel, itc. . . . do Work a r rEirr 1'aressp.u.\ Ratids. Locks Nos 2 2 and ^j. Excavation of Rock C. yds, I'mbankment do Masonry in Lock walls, face and coping. . do do do Culverts. . . do do do Hacking.., do Rubble Ma.sonry in Cement do Concrete Ma.sonry do .57" 619S0 I S Km 10 2S660 388 49" 8lo(j 4125 226 9^'5 200 86 2540 60^0 8780 .53" 15120 (JboOo 9140 160 IS" 2520 20675 8760 3727 226 8464 310 86 Prices, lis. 3" '5 lo I I M I 4 75 5" 2 25 25 17 00 21 no 7 n., 5 5" 7 90 17 15 '5 20 00 Id 5" 4 75 50 1 75 25 17 00 2! 00 7 00 5 so 7 90 Aninunl. $ Its. 625 00 5"5« "" 650 DO IS5 00 9297 no 5620 00 280() 00 8371) 00 1843 (.0 245 00 Total. $ (Is. S99H3 70 74564 2025 70125 00 4746 oO 68705 00 1 loO 00 679 40 431 80 907 50 878 00 940 00 S700 00 975 "" 165 00 2268 oO 1920 00 914 00 80 00 712 50 1260 00 36i8i 25 2190 00 63359 00 4746 00 59248 00 1705 00 679 40 26426 00 $'2.5573 20 7<'5''^9 1 58 1 87 7, 7319 5" $242096 20 38371 25 \~{C(»iliiiii(d.) Ill : MS. 'riinlicr in limiidaii.iii \N'ri)iiL;lu Iron in ilo Cast Iron Milio Sills, cnm|ilij|i' Luck (iatcs, ccMn|ikic. • 'uK-crl <laiL-s. cnni|jlL'l 1;"*^'^^!'"" Cul,icy,ls, I iiif J niilicr {Jul j, rianli, inchiilint; SjjiUL' \-\ \\' \\ Widiii^lu Iron ' ij,^' SlonL' lillinLT ' \ ' '('-_' " 1^" T,.tal. $ 1-1 >. lialloix'd wall in Cement J-inini,' Willi Chip -^Iohl', !;ravcl, Cvc. \V'')KK AT Tai.ON ClIUlK. I.ork.^ No<. J./, jj aih/ jO. 1-Acavation of Kocl-; Knilankmcni do do 645 I 1 1 If)! M 1 jl'l/OO 5'7S" 744" 4" 676 MaMiniy in Lock Walls, face and copini;. ilo do Cldvcils '1" do I5ackinf4 Kiililile Masonry in Ccnicni . .'. Concrete i"'lai;t;int; " Tirnlier in foundations. lj Wronijht Inn ' Cast Iron .Mitre Sills, complete . .' Lock (Jales, complete Culvert Cates, complete '' •. yds. 27S00 do 29100 do 60S3 do ,J"4 ilo 1 46 J I d(} 9.S0 do 1 .S6 do j 35« nl. It.l -54" Lbs. 6050 do I '77" /htlll. Jr.-^"J,^.''',"i C. y,ls. inelmiber ... . lj,,, ^j 1 lank, incUidint,' Spike p_ ]j_ ■^\ Wrouj^ht Iron ' j j,^" Stone'liliinj; .'..".".'.'.'.'('■.' yds' Battered Wall in Cement ,|,, Linini; with Chip stone, &c '"' do WOKK AT Tm.ON LaIvK. /.Oik A'li. 5-7, K.xcavation of Rock (j_ yds Kniliankment ...... 'do Masonry in Lock walls, face and coping. . . do <lo do Culverts do <lo ti" Hacking do Rubble Masonry in Cement do Concrete Masonry ,]q 65 9700 JjSoo 54"" 760 47 226 9200 6600 2097 148 474" 116 68 3" •5 2o (Ml 4" 4 75 5" 975 "" 16655 "" 6214 00 SI75 "" 2976 00 190 00 .i.?8 00 14 1 894 70 ' 75 .5" 1.5 5" 17 6 5" 75 25 75 75 17 '5 48650 0.1 8730 00 82107 01 5,52(1 00 987 9 25 5145 00 666 50 626 50 43 1 80 9"7 ^" 1177 00 1250 00 1 1670 00 l.?oo 00 31850 50 $222116 45 - 573S': I 1)1 > 65 00 '5 00 lo '455 "" 676 00 54" "" 4 4" 5" 5" 3"4 "" 211 50 "3 "" 209360 55 2 00 25 13 5" '7 5" 6 75 5 25 7 75 1S400 00 1650 00 28209 5" 2590 00 31995 "" 609 00 527 00 3364 5" ^270105 05 20050 CX) ■")t \.—{('i>utiniii;L) ITKMS. i,>uanlities. ' I'liccs. Timlicr in fiiuiidntions. . Wrought Iron in iKi Cast Iron Milre Sills, complL'ic. . . Lock (iates ciinipKlc .. Culvert dates complote. , I.inl. ft. . . .Lli.s. , . do 2020 4500 5 78" Dam. ! K;xcavnti()n .Cubic yds. I'ine Timber Linl. ft. I'lank, including Spiku . !•'. li. M. Wrought Iron Lbs. Stone filling C. yds. Battered wall in cement (lo i Lining witli Chip .Stone, Ciravel, etc do | Work on Summh Lk\ ki.. Summit (id hetwcen Nipiss'nii^ and 'Irotil l.iike^. Excavation of I-^artli (J. yds. do of Kock do 215 17200 72300 903.1 iSSo 65 300 Excavation of Rock in Trout Lake do do do Turtle do do do do Tur'ie outlet do do Karth in Turtle Outlet .... do Guard Lock l/c/ii;-ei! Niphsinf^ and Trout /.akis. Excavation of Kock . Embankment (". yds do Masonry in Lock Walls, face and coping . do do do Hacking do Concrete Masonry do Timber in foundations Linl. feet. Wrought Iron in foundations Lbs. Cast Iron do Mitre Sills, complete. Lock {iates, complete 4f>.5470 3552f)0 I7S74" iS4S40 32 II 00 1456 igbo 1665 3004 136 4040 ()0(ll> 8780 Work at tiik Cuaudiekf. I'ortace and at THE OuiT.Eis OK Lake Nipissixc. I, Oiks Nos. jS, 59 aiiel 60. Excavation of Rock C. yds. i Embankment do Masonry in Lock Walls, face and coping , . do do do Culverts do do do Backing do 4^55" 41500 5SS6 374 12392 $ cl.s. ■5 10 I 00 '5 20 00 lo 3" 4 75 50 2 25 2 2i I 75 25 00 3" 10 7 7 3" 75 5-' 17 '5 10 2 25 .3" 17 S" 21 50 7 5" .Xmounl. $ els. 343 40 675 Oo 57iS 00 625 00 5S00 00 650 OCI 215 00 25<So 00 1446 00 90 J 00 564 eo 3"^^ 75 15.) 00 Tot,-' $ ci.. J3 , 169214 5,, 00 : 7I0520 00 395415 00 190890 00 561925 00 364 00 72301 90 6166 75 $98518 65 67660 588 27472 23281 Io2o 686 135" 878 1250 7855 00 00 5" 00 00 So t)0 00 00 00 II0237 50 12450 00 977S5 00 8041 00 92670 00 •"^79734 5" 1 148594 00 6S248 00 63793 3" $2160369 80 122687 5" I. — {Continued) n KMS. Quantitii.'s Kiililile Masonry in Cement c yds Concrete Masonry ' ' J|J Tinil)er in Foundations VV'routjht Iron, in do Cast Iron Mitre Sills, complete . '. " ' ' " Lock (iates, complete Culvert (iates, complete '. ... . Linl. ft, . . . Lhs, . .. do I 'rices. $ cts Am( lint. Total. 173 •36 10560 14450 00 25 17 '5 ro $ cts, Daiin ^^"T CuLicyds, Ine Timber^.,. Linl. ft. I'lank, inchidinL' Spdce. . i.- n m Wromdit Iron.. ... I • H. M. )iif;lit Iron ne I tere Lining,' wilh Chip Stone, (iraVel, \\:c Stone FilliniT r„i -.H" u.if ,. ] w M • /. .tuliic yds, Mattered Wall ni Cement ,],, do W OHK AT rilK Ka.'II 'li lif IJlI.SSO.N. 400 39600 II5SOO 23 1 00 5140 1568 1830 I 00 '5 20 00 lo I 2S 4 75 5" /,('(■/• No. 6\. Kxcavation of Rock (.,1,;^ j r.nd)ankinenl . . y^=. do Masonry in Lock Walls, face and coping. , , do ''" <!<> Culvoris ... do ,, , , , ''" ''" Backing ..." ,io Kul)l)le Masonry in Cement ,io Concrete Ma.sonry , Timber in Foundations ,.',', \\1\\, Wroughtiron in do ... i^ml. tt. Cast Iron ^''•'^' Mitre Sills complete .,......'..'. ' Lock elates complete 1 0400 2700 1995 14S 4380 96 70 2020 4500 5780 2 oO 25 16 00 20 00 7 25 5 75 7 (>(» 17 15 10 1038 00 986 00 774 52 15S4 00 1445 "II 1565 00 1 3000 00 1625 CiO 400 00 5940 00 2316 00 2310 00 6425 00 7448 00 915 "" -20483 52 Culvert Gates complete. Dam and Piers. i Kxravation /• 1 • , I'.ne Timber Cubic yds. I'lank, including Spike ...■■" l' "n ,'; Wrought iron. ..... '^^ ^■^' Stone Filling .... rV-' ."' Battered Walls in CementV.V. ^"'"c yds.^ Lniing with Chip Stone, Gravel, etc. . .' .' do i WOKK AT RaI'IDK he I'AKISIK.W f-"(k No. 62. lixcavation of Rock. . r 1 Knibankment ... ^- T • do 1130 I 00 S9410 15 64400 20 Co 32410 10 I32I4 I 00 76 4 60 1510 50 20800 00 675 00 31920 00 2060 00 3175s "o 552 00 490 Oo 343 40 675 00 57S 00 625 00 5200 00 650 00 1 130 Oo 1 34 1 1 5" 3288 00 3241 00 13214 00 25754 |"| $368925 o; 21475 Oo 7574S 40 8050 6700 Of) 30 349 60 755 00 35.3S9 lo ' $132612 50 16100 00 2010 00 i8i 10 00 5(; I — [Coiitiiititd.) ITKMS. MrisDnryin l.cck Walls, face and copinj,' Cul)ic yils. ik) ( iilvort ilo do Hiifkiny do Kiiblile Masonry in CcniLMil do Concrete do do Tindier in Foimdaiions F^ini. ft. Wrought Iron in I'oiuidations ihs. Cast Iron lbs, Mitre Sills complete Lock (iaies coni|)lete '"iilverl dates complete PiXins and Piirs. l-!xcavation c-f Rock Cubic yds. Tine Tindiei Link ft. riank, including Spike F. 15. M. \\'rouglit Iron Lbs. Stone i-'illin„' Cubic yds. lialtered W.ill in Cement ... do Lining with Chip Stone, Ciravel, etc. . . . do WuKK Ar Lk. CKAM) Kki OI.I.Kr AMI ri-'.iii Ki-.( oi.i.Ki. lixcavalion of Kock Cubic yds. Knihanknieiit d<i .Masonry in Lock walls, face ar.d coping do do do Cid verts do do do Hacking (' < Rubble Masonry in Cement no Concrete .Masonry do Timber in Foundations Link ft. Wrought Iron in Foundations lbs. Cast Iron in do do. Mitre Sills crimplete Lock ( iates complete Culvert (iates complete Loose Stone I'lived Cubic yds. Daiiii and Piers. Fxcavalion of Rock Cubic yds. Pine Timber Link ft. riank incluiling Spike F. 15 M. Wrought Iron Lbs. Stone' Filling Cubic yds. Hattered Wall in Cement do Lining with Chip Stone, Cravel, etc. . . do Coffer Dam to ie reniored. I'ine Timber Link ft. Stone Filling Cubic yds. Lining with earth, etc do < >uanti'ies 1995 l4cS 177 70 2o20 4500 57,So :.)"4" 95'**"* lO.Co 599'* 320 267 1695(1 2320 148 5005 95" .^5 loio 2250 57S'> 60 47650 S4200 1.5630 581S iS 240 0540 800 260 Trie $ cts. '5 25 19 25 7 25 5 75 t) So 17 '5 lo /3 "5 20 00 10 •'5 4 5" 2 00 25 14 75 iS 75 7 00 5 60 6 60 17 15 to ' 5'* « 50 15 20 CO 10 4C 4 25 50 20 60 60 .\moiml. $ cts. .i"423 75 2849 Oo 31769 S'* "*i7 75 476 00 .54.5 40 (>75 00 57S QO 025 00 5200 00 650 00 202 50 ()456 00 1900 00 i()i6 oo y^')}> 50 1440 00 'i.i 5'^ 3393,. 00 1250 00 90 oO 7M7 5'* i68^ 00 1363 on 2326 00 70 50 120 00 1308 00 480 00 156 00 Total. ."P cl>. 74O07 4" 5''4 34220 00 J775 "" 35655 "" ^ ^2o 00 231 00 171 70 .>,57 5" 578 .,0 625 00 56:0 00 650 00 225 oo- $108358 90 .55 ' 5' 86448 12807 00 1944 00 W. $136349 20 ■u '• — {CoHti lined.) rri:.\is. \VnKKs Ai Lks I'kiuKn DaI.I.Ks, AVI, "iiii.u drii.Kis. I.ihk No. (14. ""'■'''"'^1< C.il,; ■ALMVillU) Kill! liuiloucnl. do .1.. do ill Mas.mry, L„rl< walls, face ar.,1 cu^nn^. ''" ll" CUlVLTtS ,, ,;'," „ '1" liackini; ■. Kiilihlc .Masonry in ccinciu ... < 'oiu-iL'to Masonry \ Tinihcr in foundations. . i ;,!i"f, ^yr,ulKllt iron in d,. '.;. ''""j," Casi iron in do _ '' Milro .Sills C()in|)lt;lt' \ , , Lock galL's conipk'tc .......... Culvurt i;atcs coni|>k'i(,' ... ......... . Culiic yils, . . . Linl. ft. /hv/is ,111 J Pios. r..\('avation I'lnu Timber . . . ...... .'.'.'.' ' I'lank including; .Sjiilvc. '. . . V V w Wrought iron.' ,, ■ Stone lillins- •■••.••";'*• lialtcredwallsincc.nK.nl ^ "hic yds Lining with Chip Stone, Cravel, etc." .' .' .' ,1,', ,,. „. , '^"ff'^'^ /''«« to U rciiiorcd. I ine rniiber. . . t • ■ r Stone lining.... ••|:'"'-['- Linin- with Chip Stone, Cravei,' etc.'.'.'. '" "'do '' 58 J. f!ll.\l> ( '\N'.\I, Ol.I. I JNK riKMS. I.Oiki Noi. 1, 2, 5, 4. 5 iiihl Gitar,/ Lock. Kxcavnliciii of Kartli ilo (iiiL'i>s Kiick . . ill. Linu'siiinc Kuck . Kmliankniunt , . Cubic yds, .1.1 Masonry inL.ick Walls, fan: aii.l cipiiii^ (1.1 .1(1 Ciilvcils (1.) .1(1 I'ackin^ Kuhblc Masonry in Ccnicnt Coni-rcte Masonry Timber in foini.lalions Wroni^ht Iron in foun.lalions Ca.si Iron do do .... .1.) Linl. ft. Lbs. d.> I'lank in foun.lalion> F. li. M. Milre Sills, c.in\|>lcte Lock (iatcs, con)|)Ict(.t Culvcrl (iatus, c. uniilclc Dam iiiiii Cril's, HiiJ^oii's Poi)it. Pine Tindicr Linl. t'l. I'lank inclu.linj; spiku !•'. I',. .M. Wr.iui^ht Iron lbs. .Stonc tillint; Cubic y.is. BaltorL'.l Wall in CL'm(,'nl .l.i Slope or jiavciiic'iil Wall dn Lininj^ with Chip St. inc. (iravi'l, \c. . il.i Coffer i/aiii lo h ycntovcd. Pine Tindiei Stone Killinc: Lining with earth, etc. • Juaniiiic; 9370CJ 32127,. 155420 56S1.1 "'444 74S 24077 69.1 12. 1. 1 2445.) 16915 2922.1 57,5"o i.)i5.io 2S75.1 1 42.1 1 •5'5 .579<'> 600 1 1 SSo 576 Price $ Cts. " 5" .5" 16 6 4 6 3" SO Oo 16 '5 lo 15 20 110 III So 4 .10 I 50 40 26 2.1 5" .\ni. mil. Tolr.l. $ 2.5425 «'»".5i75 2.5.5',;" ii.,4,i 12552.S I'l.s. < H 1 Oo .10 . 1. ) 00 . Ml 5" 0.1 00 44 25 1 10 0.1 ..0 00 00 00 no 0.1 So . 1. 1 00 0.1 Co So O.' $ els. 1070773 00 li()6S 1565.10 ■.5'"5 72.10 .5<)i.5 25,57 2922 1146 .5125 254,55 .5250 1.5S45 .5''<,5o 2S75 115(1.1 11060 5<^04 240 2,57f> 1666 2.SS ... • 3.}645o 19 4.5904 So 43.5" !^o $1465438 79 January 2nd, 1860. (Signed,) THOS. C. CLARKE, P^nginecr Ottawa Survey. m Mt/.i'ui S/t7i'arl, Eii/.y Attiiifrcd! Ol/iihui C^ (ni>>,i^iii'i /uiy Cniutl Cc . Olltraui, Cnixii/ii. Dkak SiK : — I have the honor to submit the following Report, bringing down to the |)resent date the matters treated upon in my Report of lSTx), (Ireat changes have taken |)la(:e since that Re])ort demonstrated the feasibility of im))rovmg the Ottawa and i'Vench Rivers into one ot the greatest ciiannels of commerce. What was then only a scientific disc ussion has now become a matter of great importance to two nations Including together the present exports from the basin of the (Ireat Lakes, both in the L'n'ted States and Canada, there is enough traftic in sight to warrant a large ex[)en- diture in o|)ening a new route, if the conditions are such that the cost of transportation between the Lakes and the Ocean can he diminished. Canada alone does not at ])re- sent furnish enough traffic The Ottawa route must he treated as an international one. Two remarkable changes have taken place during the last ten years, which have each resulted in greatly lessening the cost of water transiwrtatton ; one, ujMjn the L akes and the other between the North Atlantic i)orts of the United States. 'l"he construction of the locks at the outlet of Lake Superior has devoloped a traftic) vast in si/e, and differing from all others in the world, in that it enables vessels to get full cargoes in both directions during the whole season of open navigation. The U. S. lake ports will all be deepened to 20 feet very soon. Steamers now carry cargoes of 6,000 tons of grain and iron ore eastward to South Chicago, Cleve- land and liuffalo, and take back cargoes of coal to ujjper Lake jiorts. It is a well-known axiom that the larger the vessel the cheaper it can handle freight. These 6,000 ton steamers have carried grain from Chicago to IJuffalo for 1 ,';;;, cts. per bushel, which is less than one half ot one mill per ton-mile. Hence there has arisen a popular demand for shij) canals of 20 or even 25 feet deep, from the Lakes to the Ocean. Kven if such canals were built and could be used free of tolls, no such economy of transpoitation t)y large steamers could take place as in the open lakes. The rate of speed of thirteen miles an hour would be reduced to five, as in the Suez Canal. Canal traffic would not give full cargoes in l)oth directions, and more detention in port would be necessary than at Cleveland or Duluth where whole cargoes of 6,000 tons of coal or ore have been handled by machinery in le^s than one day. The large steamer is a very expensive machine, and if she were not able to make as many trips per season as she now does, much of her economy would be lost. It does Mf)t now seem possible, except at a prohibitory cost, to deepen the Ottawa navigation to 20 feet, and fortunately it is not necessary. The second change, which has resulted in lessening the cost of transportation be- tween Atlantic ports, suggests the true method of improving th<' Ottawa. Some ten years since all coal was carried between the shii^ping ports of Philadel- phia and New York to other .\tlantic ports, chiefly of New luigland, in single collier steamers, at a cost of $1.50 to $1.75 per ton. Now it is carried in tows of three or four large barges drawing from 16 to 18 feet of water, towed by a single powerful tug boat, This tug does not wait in port for coal to be loaded or unloaded, but each tug has many barges, and she picks up her tow of full . or empty barges without detention, as a locomotive does cars. In this way many trips are made per season. The distance between I'hiladelpliia and l>oston and return is about 800 miles, and coal is now carried for an average of 75 cents per ton, which is nine- tenths of a mill per ton-mile. This economy of transportation has increased the coal traffic to some twenty-five million of tons annually, which is as great as the tonnage annually passing through the Detroit River. The use of these tows of barges is fast increasing upon the Upper Lakes. All these facts have been clearly set forth by Maj. T. W. Symons, U. S. Engineer Corps, in his admirable and exhaustive report to the U. S. Congress in 1897. He shews that if the Erie Canal were deepened to 11 feet and grain were carried in tows of barges of 15C0 tons capacity, it could be carried from Chicago to New York, including reason- 60 able transhipment char|»es at Muffalo from lar^c steamers into canal boats, for less than steamers of 20 feet draft conld carry it throu>;h the Eric ("anal if that could possibly be deepened to over 20 feet, and steamers run continuously from (Chicago to New York. In both cases tolls are not taken into account. The estimated cost ot the 1 1 ft. canal is 50 million dollars and of the 20 ft. 200 millions. The great value of the Ottawa navigation is this : Out of (^75 miles between Chicago and .Montreal 591 miles is an inland or perfectly protected navigation, leaving but 3S4 miles of open lake. In o|)en lake a speed of 41 j miies an hour can be made by tows of barges. In the i)rotected portion an average speed often miles an hour can be made. The cost of insurance by this route would be much less than by any other. Uy the Welland and St. Lawrence route, there are gcji miles of ojien lake naviga tion, and but 267 of inland or i)rotected navigation, The depth of the Welland and St. Lawrence canals would limit the draft of barges to 13 '<^ ft. which is too shallow for na- vigation in lakes such as Krie, subject to sudden violent storms. The rates of insur- ance would be greater, and a k)nger time recpiired, owing to greater length, and slower movement through the unprotected parts, would more than make u]) for the 22 days of longer open navigation by the Welland route. I recommend that the scale of the Ottawa navigation be fixed as follows: — Locks 300 ft. long X 45 ft. wide x 14 ft. deep, capable of passing steel barges 2S0 ft. long, 42ft. beam and carrying 3,100 tons net on i^'/j ft. draft of water. The excavated channels should be fifteen feet deep and have five times the area of the vessel, with sufficient room for two vessels to pass each other, which would give a width of iCio ft. on the bottom and 170 ft. at low water level. The cost of carrying grain from one of the Lake ports, say Chicago, to Montreal by the Ottawa route would be as follows : — CAPACITY. A tow would consist of three steel barges, each 280 x 42 x 20 feet, moulded depth, carrying, on i3;{' feet draft, 3,100 net tons. These would be towed by a powerful tug steamer capable of towing the barges at the rate of four and one-half miles per hour in open lake, and ten miles per hour through the sheltered lakes and rivers of the O.tawa navigation. The tug steamer would be capable of carrying a cargo of 1,200 tons, making a total capacity of 10,500 tons. TIME. Open Lake — Chicago to a point near the mouth of St. Mary's River— 380 miles at 4 j/2 miles per hour 72.2 hours. Inland Lakes and Rivers — St. Mary's River to French River, 160 miles Ottawa navigation . . 40 r " 561 " at 10 56.1 hours. 29.3 miles at 2.9 10. hours. Canals Lockages i j4 minutes per foot I ^2 X 4 = 6 X 682 ft for each vessel 60 min. 68.2 hours. 206.5 X 2 In port ^413 hours. 91 hours. Total 206.5 hours. 504 hours, or 21 days round trip. The open season of navigation on this route, is limited by the Nipissing and gives an open season of 213 days, or U/i round trips. closing of Lake 61 COST. 3urs. purs, purs. Burs. purs. Lake I tuy $ 1 25,000 4 l)ar^t■s (1 extra) at .$75,000. . . . 300,000 $4.»S,ooo interest and depreciation at 5 per cent Insur.incc 011 liiiils, 2 per rent " on c:arg() (Joint; Kast 10 x 10,500 105,000 Tons. " West ,' .; 35.000 " .$21,250 .S,5oo 140,000 T(jns at $20. .$2,Soo,()oo at 251:. per 100. Expenses i)f tuji — full subsistence, wages anc small repairs, $100 per day for 213 days. . 4 harges at i?7.5o i)er day — 30 x 2 1 3 Frofiis 1 o per cent 7,000 21 300 6 .590 (. 440 $70 S80 cts. l)er which divided by 140,000 Tons gives as the cost about soc. per ion, or i hubhel. It is absolutely essential to the success of this project that there should be ample elevator facilities at the port of Montreal, so that ocean steamers should suffers no de- tention. With such an elevator of the capacity of one million bushels as lately has been built by the (Ireat Noithern Railway at |juffalo,the whole cost of elevating and storage should uot exceed three quarters of a cent, making the total cost i)er bushel two and one (|uarter cents, which is tar below the cost by any existing route, or than can be obtained on the Welland and St. I^awrence route when the canals are completed. This extremely low cost is based on the assumption o( full cargoes going E:ist, and one third full going West. 'I'he larger the amount of business done, the more nearly will this be realised, and the financial success (^f the scheme would be enhanced, if the Ottawa navigation could be extended upon the same scale, through Lake Champlain to New \'ork, the feasibility of which the U. S. Deep Water Ways Commission are now, it is believed, investigating. IJy this route the distance from ("hicago to New- York, would be about 1353 miles, ot which 3.S0 miles would be open lakes, 847 miles inland navi- gation, and 1 26 miles of canals. Hy similar calculations to those above given, eight trips could be made m an open season of 235 days, and the cost would be 2 cts. per bushel, to which should be added the present elevator and other charges at the port of N. Y , which are very high, amount- ing to 1^2 cts. per bushel, or a total of 3)^ cents per bushel. Maj. Symons estimates that when the Erie canal is deepened to nine feet and the locks lenghtened, wheat can be carried from Cliicago to N. Y., for 3.67 cts., to which add N. Y., terminal charge, 1.50 cts., a total of 5.17 cts ; showing the superiority of the Ottawa route. The cost of interest, maintenance and repairs, lock tending, electric lighting, etc., on the Ottawa route, would be borne by moderate tolls, and leases of water power, des- cribed hereafter. As com|)ared with the estimated cost of the Ottawa navigation in i860, there will be an increase of ([uantities and a diminution of cost in item prices. The increase of the size of the locks from 250 x 45 x 12 to 300 x 45 x 14, will in- crease quantities. Also the enlargement of the prism of the excavated canal from 146 x 13 to 160 X 15, will increase quantities. The locks at Grenville and Carillon, will have to be enlarged, The Lachine locks will also have to be lengthened unless it is decided not to use the present crowded Lachine Canal, and improve one of the branches of the Ottawa north of the Island of Montreal. Another increase of cost is due to tiie fact that Lake Ni[)issinL; cannot now l)e raised by damming its outlets, as was proposed in i860. The .-country around the summit lakes is now well settled and has many cultivated farms, The town of North Bay, which would have to he moved back to prevent over- flow, as some 2500 inhabitants. Thirty miles of the Canadian Pacific Railway would have to be moved or raised. The level of Lake Nipissing must still lie maintained from French River to the Mattawan, 57 miles. This means lowering the level of Trout and Turtle Lakes to coin- cide with tiiat of Nipissmg, which can be done. 'I'nis is the only way in which suffi- cient water for lockages can be obtained. The total lockage will be reduced from 715 to 682 feet. The amount of excavation will be increased, but it is believed that the extra cost of this will not exceed what would have to be j^aid for damages if Lake Nipissing were raised. The i)lan of i860, which raised existing levels by dams on the French and Matawan Rivers and on the Ottawa as far east as Chats Lake, can still be followed, as the shores are steep and rocky, and but little land will be overflowed There are a few places where sites of locks and dams may have to be changed, but not at an increased cost. In i860 the whole Upper Ottawa was a wilderness. All materials and supjilies above Deep River must then have been transported partly by teams and \iirt\y in batteaux towed by horses, or poled by men. Now, the Canadian Pacific Railway can deliver materials, supj^lies and men all along the route, and at far less cost. Several locks of low lift cc n now be concentrated into one, as in accordance with the best modern practice. This will reduce cost. I am in favour of locating locks so that a duplicate lock can be built hereafter alongside of the one first to be built. I now advise constructing the locks of concrete (made from the stone near by) and Portland cement. The lock walls can be protected by waling pieces of steel and oak, thus saving much costly cut stone masonry. The most important item of economy comes from the fact that the cost of the rock excavation, which is the largest item of cost, can be gready reduced by the improve- ments which have been made during the past few years in the use of ])ower drills, high explosives, and better kinds of machinery for handling materials. The air compressors and other machinery can in many cases be driven by electric power derived from the river. The latest price paid for rock excavation on the Chicago Drainage Canal was 590. per cubic yard, while the average price estimated for the Ottawa improvements in i860 was generally from .$1.50 to $2.00 per yard. I am not now prepared to revise the figures of cost made in i860, as this cannot be done without further examinations and surveys, which will take several months to properly carry out. There are several very important economies in construction that can now be made available, which could not in i860. It is proper to point out that the most important change in the situation since i860 has come from the development of electrical transmission of power. The dams which were designed by me in i860 were then, and are now, absolutely necessary to give suffi- cient depth for navigation. These dams will also be the means of developing and con- trolling water power for electric appliances. I can state unreservedly that I know of no other jjlace in any manufacturing country, Niagara Falls not excepted, where there is such an amout of water power as this scheme can make available, both for manufacturing purposes and possibly for mov- ing vessels rapidly through the locks. It is proposed to construct 20 dams on the Ottawa with an average of 20 feet fall each. The low water discharge of the Ottawa never falls below 1,500,000 cubic feet per minute, of which one third should be allowed to run over the crests of the dams to 63 he Dams cu. ft. per iniii. fall. 2_^±^jOoo^ocoxJ,2j4]h^^j^jo_v,e have 566,360 horse power. 4-1,000. Adding that available on the Mattawan and French Rivers there will nrobablv be at niinmnim, not less than 700,000 horse power prooaoiy t)e, at amctint' "'"'""' '^''"^"''^" °^ '^'' '''''' ^""'^ ^'^^ "°^ '"« '^an >.. times this All this can be made available, by the comparatively small expenditure necessarv for flumes and the foundations of penstocks and turbines. The cost of the instalhtTon of electric plant would vary greatly with the situation. installation All of which is respectfully submitted by (Sgd.) THOMAS C. CLARKE, Consulting Engineer Montreal, Ottawa <S: Georgian Bay Navigation. Member Institution of Civil Engineers, and of the American Society of M,,., \- I I- 1 r „ C'^''^ Engineers. ^ew York, I<cb. 16, i8y8.