.e. .'• ^ 
 
 rTRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN IXSTITUTE OF MTXING ENGINEER?' 
 
 
 TlIl'J .]fiyERAL TiKSOrnCK'' OF THE HUDSON'S HAY 
 
 lEUUl'lOlilES. 
 
 by ronr.rt rell, r.a.sr., m.i)., ll.d , assistant director of the 
 okolooic;al survey of Canada, ottawa, canada. 
 
 (flltNliiirjjli M^i'fliiR, rdininry, l^^^^l 
 
 TilK it*;::ioiis to wliirli this paper roliM's iiicliido flic whole (tj the 
 J)()iniiii()n ofCaiiada east ol 'k' Jxocky iMoiiiilaiiis aixl north of thc 
 water-shed oflhe St. Lawrenee. Very littleexploralion Tor ecouomlo 
 minerals has vest been done in this inimeiis<' eotujtry; hut that iitth^ 
 has already served to ""id iealeiireat wealth iiisoinc localities. Ilavintr 
 heeti eii^a<;<'d for a nmid>er of years in eoiidnefin^ ^oxi rnnieiii 
 ^eolojijieal e.\|»loratioMs in these vast territori«'s. I shall <'iideavor to 
 ^ive the iiieinhers (»!' the ln>liliil<' an i<lea oltiK' prospective mineral 
 res(Mn'ees of almost hall" a continent, as tiir as they ui'c yet disecrnihlc, 
 r pnrpose eontininn' my ohservafions to the eef>nomic minerals, and 
 will not attempt a description ol" the ^;eolojLi^y of these territories ; hut 
 it will Im' necessary to say a few words ahonf the roeks in ordei' the 
 hctter to explain the distrihnfion of such minerals. 
 
 The Lanrentian mu'leus of the continent is the principal feafnre 
 of" the }i'e(»lo<j;ieal map <tf the I>ominion. It stretches fr( an F^ake 
 Sn|)erior to I'.allin's Hay, and from (Jrcat Hear Lake to the Straits f)f 
 \\v\W Isle. ihnlson's Hav itself, which is half the size of the .Me<li- 
 terranean Sea of tlw old world, lies in the center of this area, its 
 shores are bordered in places with newer roeks. On tlh- west side 
 of James' l?ay (its southern prolon^rii'ion) <hcsc extend inland over 
 200 miles, and consist of fossililerons hevonian and Silurian strata. 
 On the western and northwesfern side of Hudson's Hay proper, 
 altere«l rocks are met with, some of which resemble tlw i;oldl)carin[x 
 strata of Nova Scj>tia, soin(> the Hnronian of Lake Ilnntn, some 
 the older Hnronian, and itthers the ervsfalliiH' series of The ncich- 
 liorhood ofSherbrooke in fh(! I*rovince ofC^ncbeo. .^ 
 
 AIonL!; the cast coast (called the Kastmainjand anionjij the islands ''-- 
 lyiMjj; olf it, there is an inferestin^ set of volcanic and ^sedimentary 
 roeks whicdi appears to be i<l.er»ti<'ul with the .\nimikie and tho7"1 
 Xipigon series of Lake Superior. 
 
 I 
 
2 MINERAL KE80U11CE« OF THE HUDSON 's liAY IKRRITORIES. 
 
 The area which f havo characterized in a Ljcneral wav as Laimu- 
 tian, iiichulcs tracts and l)olts, more or less extensive, of the Iliiroiiian 
 scries. Sucii areas appear to ho. most common, and have i)een best 
 oxph)n;d, in the country between the (Jreat Lakes mitl Hudson's 
 Hay. 
 
 Most ol' the islands of llie Arctic Sea consist ol' Sihirian strata. 
 On some of the northwestern of tliem, ( 'arl)onilerous rocks are su])- 
 posed t<» be (h'veh)ped ; but jxtssibiy, on further examination, tliese 
 may prove to \w Devonian and Cretaceous. Still further north, 
 strata supposed to be of Jjiassic age liave been foumb 
 
 Betw(!en the liaurentian nucleus and^the lioeky Mountains, there 
 is u threat basin of Silurian, Devcjuian, (.'retaeeous, and Tertiary rocks, 
 wdncli, towards the Arctic ( )<'eai', becomes, to a i;reat extent, re|»laccd 
 by non-lbssiliterous limestone, probably of \ipi;i'on i\^^v. ( )n the 
 shores of the Arctic Ocean, similar limestones, ass(»ciated with trap, 
 are the prevailing rocks between tlu^ Mackenzie and (oppermine 
 rivers. The copper-bearing rocks of the latter river appear to cor- 
 respond with tlios(M>f I ^ake Superior. 
 
 In the following brief account of the econonnc minerals, T shall 
 begin with the metallic ores. 
 
 Iniii. — A line variety of magnetite, of which I procured specimens, 
 is said to occin* in large (piantities near the entraui'c of iilaek l>ay, on 
 the n<trth sid<' of Athabasca iiake. ( )n JKiiee Lake, between Lake 
 Winnipeg and IInds<Mrs Hay, I ha\ c examine<l a large (leposit ol' a 
 laminated (inely-gramdar magnetite which, however, Mr. HofTnuinn 
 finds to contain only 15.S(I per cent, of metallic iron; but it is per- 
 fectly free from titanic acid. Magneti(! iron-ore is reported to occur 
 on tl e north side ol Hudson's Strait ; and small deposits of it are 
 not uncommon among the Huronian bands in various parts of the 
 territory. 
 
 Hematite in bands, associated with sandstones, shales, and trap, 
 b found on Long inland, Hudson's JJay ; and loose pieces (»f {\i\> 
 or*; are often met with on tiie eastern <'oast. A j»romising deposit of 
 hematite has been opened on Big iilack ishuid, in Lake Winnipeg. 
 Two years ago, ('aj)tain H. 1*. Dawson, U.,\., sent me a fine speci- 
 men of fttliated specular iron from a vein on the northern bay of 
 ( rreat Slave Jjake. 
 
 Clay-ironstones is tbund on Melville Lsland, according to M\\ 
 Charles Kiinig (in the Supplement to the .Aj)|)endix of Vdpidin 
 Pdrrifn Voi/n(/c of 1810-20). Small (piantities of it, in the form of 
 nodules and thin layers^ occur in many places in the Cretaceous and 
 
MINERAL UESOUnCE-S OF THE IIUDSON's BAY TEURITOHIES. 3 
 
 Tertiary marls of the northwest territories. In 1875, 1 discovered 
 a lart2:^ deposit of this ore, pussiiiLr into limonite, at the foot of the 
 Grand Rapid of the Mattaixanii River, u short distance southwest of 
 the head of dtinies' Jiay. There are indications of its existence in 
 considerahle quantities in various ])laces anionii; tlie Devonian rocks 
 to the southwest of this hay. 
 
 Jiut probably the most extensive deposit of iron-ore in the terri- 
 tories undci- description is that of nian<^aniferous spathic ironstone on 
 the Nastapoka Islands on the east side of Hudson's Hay, described 
 in my repoit for 1877. I'hc ore occurs us a thicjk band, divided 
 into layers of a few inches, ^jverlyino- the quartzites and shales and 
 running ihrouiih :ill the islands of the southernmost ninctv mih's of 
 tins chain. The dip of the strata is low; and the ore, broken U|) by 
 the frost, lorms nuirh of the surface of these islands, there beiui^ no 
 tind>er or .soil. 1 )r. 1 larrinj^ton has analyzed sju'cinjcn.s ot' thr ore 
 from dill'erent islands and found if to contain on an averajic about 
 50 per cent, of carbonate of iron and 2o per cent, of carbonate of 
 mauiianese. It would therefore be a valuable ore f(»r the maiuilac- 
 turc ot'spicii'eleiscn. 
 
 (Jopper. — The native copper of the ( 'opperminc River is (h'scribed 
 as o<'currin«; in amygdaloid trap, and, from private accounts which 
 I have heard, it would appear to exist in larjjje (|uautitics. I have 
 Ibund small veins eontainini; copper pyrites on Loiij;- Island ami 
 one of the Ottawa Islands in the northeastern part of ihulson's IJay. 
 As a set of rocks resendiling the coppcr-bcariu}^ series of L:ikc Supe- 
 rit)r is largely developed on theso islands and tlu! Kastmain coast, coj»- 
 pcr may be herc! looked for with a prospe<:t of success. Some of the 
 sperimeus of granular iron pyiites which I have obtained from the 
 northwest shore oi' the Hay look as if they contain<'d a small j)er- 
 centagc (►!" copper. Tin* (p»art/,ites of Marble Island arc staine<l 
 with the green (-arbonatc in .some places. Copper pyrites, in small 
 (piantilies, has l)een found in the Iluronian rocks in various parts of 
 the tt'iritories under consideration, and a more prondsing deposit was 
 dcscribctl by t!ie late Mr. James Richardson, .some miles .southwest- 
 ward of the now cclebrateil Lake Mistassini. Two (juartz veins 
 in Iluronian greenstone at the Hruce and Wellington Mines on 
 Lake Huron, yielded sulphuretted copper ores tc» the value of 
 }!!;;j,;UH),(MK) between the years 1847 an»l 1875. Captain Sir John 
 Ross says that he " found copper-ore near Agnew River and Lord 
 Lind.-^ay River," but he does not state what variety of ore it was. 
 __ LauL — Amuug tlie rucks^ of the Mauitouuuek sseriefe uii the euat 
 
4 AlIMlIiAL IlESOURCES OF THE HUDSON S BAV TERItlTORIES. 
 
 side ot" lliulsoii's Bav, u band oi" dnisv bluisli-trray <Iolomite, al)out 
 twentv-fivc feet thick, was found on both sides of Little Whale 
 River and at liichniond Gulf This band contains a ^ood deal of 
 |i;alena in the form of bunches, some of which would weij^h about 
 100 pomiils. (jalena has been found by Air. K. B. Borron in veins 
 in Ilnronian rocks at Tiakc MattajL!:;anii. in the southern part of the 
 l)asin t»f Mo(»se River. 
 
 Zinc, \i\ the form of blende, is found in small bunches amono- 
 some of the rocks of the Aranitoumick scries, Lar^e workable 
 masses of blende occur north of the Battle Islands, Lake Superioi-, 
 in hornblende schist. 
 
 Mo/i/ftdnniiu. — A specimen of Jiiolybdenitc was presented to me 
 at (ircat \\'hal(! River, which was said to have been found in the 
 nt'iirhborliood. Specks and scales of this mineral are not uncomin(»n 
 in veins in the ilnronian series. 
 
 Silver. — The jxalena of Richmond Gulf was found bv T>v. Ilarrino- 
 ton to contain Ti.Oei ounces of silver to the ton of '2000 pounds of ore. 
 The sasne jrontleman found silver in small «[uantities in iron pyrites 
 from a vein in j^neiss near the mouth of Great Whale River, and in 
 the same mineral from another vein cuttinj^ dolomite, near Cape 
 Jones. As the rocks of the Manitounuck series apj)ear to corre- 
 spond with the silver-bearing formation of L;ike Superior, deposits 
 of this metal mav reasonablv be looked for on the east side of Mud- 
 son's Bav. Nuj^oets of native silver have been found with those of 
 gold in some of the upper branches of the Peace River. Gopper-orcs 
 which have been discovered in the Rocky Mountains, near the line 
 of the Canadian Pacitic Railway, contain a notable (piantity ot 
 silver. 
 
 Oo/(L — Traces of this metal were found alon<i!; with the silver by 
 Dr. Harrington in the pyrites of the two localities which have just 
 been referred to. Sp(H!ks of gold are mentioned by Brol'essor James 
 Teimant as occurring in (juartz which had been brought from Repulse 
 Bay, which lies to the north of Hudson's Bay. At the Ilnronian 
 mine, north ol" tl.e height-of-land and west of Thunder l?ay. Lake 
 vSui)crior, gold is Ibund in promising «[uantities in a large (piartz 
 vein cutting Huronian schists, which has been worked to some 
 e.Ktent ; and a stamp-mill has been erected at the mine, it is met 
 with, as specks and small nuggets, also in a (piartz vein, at Partridge 
 liuke, a short distance northward of the last-nameil locality. Th(>re 
 is reason to Ijelievethat to the west of the lower part of the Macken- 
 zie liiver, a promising region (or goKl and silver exists. From 
 
MINERAF. RESOURCES OF THE UUDHON's BAY TERRITORIES. 5 
 
 jirivate sources it has been ascertained tiiat goKl hn> i)eoii washed 
 from the sand and gravel of some of the upju'i- l)ranehes of the. 
 Youkon and the western tributaries of the Ijiard ; and also of the 
 Rat River, which enters tue west side of the (h'ita of the Mackenzie, 
 '^rhe fine gold t'ound in the bed of the North Saskat<'licwan, esjx'cially 
 about Kdinonton, is wa^lied out of the »h'ift ; and it may have had its 
 original soiirc<' in the auriferous upper parts of the I'eace or Liard 
 valleys, having come thence dui'ing the glacial j)eriod. 
 
 Although it is probable that it will be many years before the 
 <'hea|)er and more bulky ot" tlie non-metallic minerals ot' thi^ vast 
 wild region will he nought i^ftei', still, as we never know what cir- 
 cumstances mav arise to make them them valuable, any facts con- 
 cerning them ar<' worth recoi-ding in advance of the settlement of 
 the region. 'I'he kiutwledgeof theii' existence may sometimes prove a 
 liK'tor in the projecling ot' railways or in otherwise promoting the 
 development of the country. 
 
 Gi/psiDii. — Baid<s of gypsum from ten to twenty fe(?t liigl) occur 
 on l)oth sides of the Moose River, between thirtv-oni! and thirtv- 
 cight miles above Ab»ose Factory, which is situated at tiie soutii- 
 westorn extrennty of" .lames* IJav. riie ii|>per jtart is mixed with 
 marl, and »»nly the lower ten feet consist of solid gvpsum, which is 
 mostly of a liuht hluish-gray color. A small proportion is nearlv 
 white. A similar deposit o^" gypsum is reported to occur near the 
 shore of James' Jiay, between Moose Factory and Fort Albanv. I 
 found a fragment of the nuncral last summer among the igneous 
 rock> of tin; Ottawa Islan<ls in the northeastern part ol' Hudson's 
 Hay. Sir .John Ross reports its occiUTcncc^ at North l^ast ("ape. 
 In ^bu^toba an imj)ure variety has been found in tiiin layers in the 
 Cretaceous marls of the Riditig Ab)untains; and iKxhiiesand crvstals 
 of selenite may l)e found in tliese rocks, in almost any part of their 
 <listributiou in this province and the northwest territories. ( )n the 
 Peace River, at a place called Peace Point, about sixty miles from 
 Fort Chippewyan, at the west end of Athal)asea Lake, the cliffs, which 
 are of Devonian iige, are largely made up of gypsum. It is :dso 
 said to occur in tH>nsiderablc (piantities a short distance westwanl 
 of the natural salt deposits of Salt River, a small western tributary 
 of the Slave River, tibout midwav between Lake Athabasca and 
 ( Jreat Slave Lake. 
 
 Salt. — At the locality which has just been referred to, salt of ex- 
 cellent quality, resulting from the evaporation of i)rine flowing on 
 the surface, is found in cousiderabh* quantities, in crystals about the 
 
G MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE lIUDSOX's BAY TERRITORIES. 
 
 size of tliust' of Liverj>(>o! salt. It is shovelled (lireetlv into the 
 ba^s in which it is taken to all parts of the dlstriet. xVt a |)la('o 
 calleil La Saline, about half a mile east of the Athabasca River and 
 thirty-five miles below its junction with the Clearwater River, a 
 white incrustation of salt is deposited from brine flowing- <tver a 
 bank composed ot' a black in(hirated mixture of sand and a>|)ha!t. 
 Excellent salt was formerlv manufactured from brine issuing: from 
 Devonian rocks at the northwestern ami also at the southwestern 
 extremity of Ijake W ii»ni|)e<^osis. Springs of weak brine issue 
 from the baid^s of th<? White Mud River above We^t bourne in 
 Manitoba. fhe Devonian rocks are extensively sprea<l in the 
 northwest territories and it is to be expected that, when the time 
 comes to recpiire it, salt will be found by l)oring in many locali- 
 ties. 
 
 Hoapstone. — The Eskimo both of the northwestern and the 
 eastern sides of Hudson's Bay, us well as those of Hudson's Strait 
 and the coiust of Ijabrador, have been accustomed from time im- 
 memorial to make their pots and lamps out of this rock, which 
 they find in various places among the gneisses and crystalline schists 
 of these regions. It occurs in abunilance at Red Lake, east of Lake 
 Winnipeg, and again near Falcon Island on Lake of the Woods. 1 
 have also met with it on the Mattagami River, about twenty miles 
 below Kenagamissc Lake. 
 
 LiyiiUe is well known to occur extensively in the Cretaceous and 
 Tertiary strata of our uorthwest territories, all the way from the 
 United States boundary line to the mouth of the Mackenzie River. 
 The most easterly localities are on the Souris River in southern 
 Manitoba and on the Swan River near the northwest extremity of 
 Lake Winnipegosis. The ipiality of these lignit(!s varies greatly. 
 As a general rule, the nearer we approach the Rocky Mountains the 
 better it becomes. Wherever the beds are disturbed or tilted, the 
 (juality is im[)roveil. In the Rocky Mountains, a bed of semi- 
 anthracite has been discovered near the line of the Canadian Racilic 
 Railway, lieds of lignite are found in the drift on the Mattagami, 
 Albany and Rainy Rivers and on the stuithwest side of the Lake <.»f 
 the Woods. 
 
 thai, in rocks belonging to the Carboniferous system, is reported 
 by the Arctic explorers to have been found in workable seams in 
 Uanks' Land and the islands of the Melville Archipelago. 
 
 Anthi'dcite. — When on the east coiust of Hudson's Bay, 1 was pre- 
 sented with a number of' small specimens of a very fine variety of 
 
MINKRAL KKSOnu I-:S OF THE HfTDSON S BAY TKIiRIToRI I>. t 
 
 ant!irucit{\ said to occur on Loiiir Island, about tour miles tVom its 
 xtuthoru extremity. .ludiriiif:: from its a|)(>«'araucc and t"rf>m the 
 very small pcrccntat;*' ot" a>ii wliicli it contains it has prtjhaMy 
 resulted tVoni the alteraticui ot" a mineral like alhertite ( Rci>nrf 
 (ifol. Sun-cji of ('(ituuJn, 1877-T.S, pai;*' 'J t ('.). It ha> a l»riL;lii 
 lustre and a hiiihly eonchoidal fracture. Mr. llofVman found it to 
 contain, lixed <'arl>on IM.tM , volatile and coml)Ustil>le matter I ."JH, 
 water ."{. lo, asli ()..■>;>, in KM) parts. Some (tne has remarked that 
 this anthracite has h<'en " prohahly washed on shore from ntine 
 .Vmonti" the reasons why this ctiuld not have heenthe ca-^c. 
 
 vesse 
 
 1 mav mention that u|> to the time of its discovery, no vessel had 
 ever earrie<l any antliracite into Hudson's l>ay ; anthracite, if 
 thrown into the sea would siid\ ; the com|io>ition ol this mineral is 
 dillerent tVom that of any other known variety ; :in<l la>tly, it does 
 not occur on the sca-shor«' at all, hut in tin- interior ol the island. ' 
 
 J'ifro/cinn and nsplta/f have lorn; heen known to occur in ahun- 
 dance aloni;; the Athaha^<'a and .Mackenzie Rivers. Thcii- mode of 
 occurrence was investitjated in 18.S'J hy the writer and dc-^crihcd in 
 tlie Amuial Keporl of the ( ieolojj:ical Sin'V(>y of (anada, pams I 1 
 to 2.'} (^ ( '. I'he petr(deunj ajtjtcars to e(une up iVom the I>evonian 
 limestones, and it satui'ates and blackens a ;j;reat thickness ol ,>andy 
 Cretaceous strata, whi<h immediately overlie the former, throu(xl> n 
 great extent ol country. On the .At iiai)a'^ca, these black as|»halti<' 
 sandstorm banks, <'xtendin^ for miles alon^the river and sometime> 
 nearly 200 feet hi^h, from which ''tar" is constantly oo/inj^'. Thick- 
 ened petroleum or asphalt has been found in various places on (ircat 
 Slave fjake, alon*:; the iSIackenzie Jliver and on th<' upper I'eace 
 lliv(!r. It is vsaid to have Iteen noted also on one ot the upper 
 branches of the South Saskatchewan. I'he l)ituminous Devonian 
 limestones of the Abittibi River, near the head of dames I>ay, con- 
 tain in<lications of petroleum. 
 
 Mien ol' good (piality and in fair-sized sheets is foiujd on the 
 north sich' of Hudson's Strait, ami specimens of it are brought by 
 the Eskimo to every passing visitor. These people also rcp»u-t the 
 existence of sheet-mica on the northwest side of Hudson's I>ay, and 
 it waf^ said that some years ago a vessel was loaded with it at Ches- 
 terfield Iidet. 
 
 Giripliiff. — Eskimo from the north side of Hudson's Strait 
 l)rought me specimens both of good amorphous, and pure foliated 
 graphite, and reported it to exist there in abunihinec (See Rcjioii for 
 1884, p. 24 D D.). A tine-grained variety of graphite is tbund 
 
8 MINERAh RESor IK KS OF THE HIDSON's BAV TERRrTORIE.S. 
 
 near Fond dii Lac on Lako Athal)a>ca. Plumhaojinous schi>t>, 
 coiitaiiiing a lar^c proportion of n;ruphite, have lioen met with 
 anion^ the Jlnnmiaii roek< near the north shore of Lake Superior. 
 
 Ashfsfuft. — This mineral (xcnrs in small rpiantities near fiittle 
 Whale River and on the ( )t(a\va Islands in the northeastern j>art 
 oi' Hudson'"- I>ay. Fine sjifciniens ot" it are t(»iin<l in hoiMihlende 
 schists at Rat Portage, where the \Vinnip«^<j:; Riv(>r leaves the Lake 
 of the W'nod-, hut the quantity seems too limited to he worth work- 
 inj;. r have also obtained spr<-imens of it* from both sides of F^ake 
 Kipiuon. 
 
 ('/iroiii! iinii is mentioned l)y Richardson as amonu; the minerals 
 of the nortlurn Mackenzie Rivt>r countrv. 
 
 Apittitc has been detected near the (Coppermine River and on 
 Trout Lake in the southern pari of the basin of M(M»>e River (See 
 'GeoL Survfif UcfKH-t tor 1.S81, p. G, C.) 
 
 Iron Pi/rifr,s: — The Kskimo of the west si(h^ of Hudson's J>ay 
 have brouirht me numerous s[)ceimen8 of granular |)yrites which 
 appear to be derived from large veins. They state that they find it 
 in difl'erent [)laees between Chesterfiekl Inlet and N(>vil Bay. A 
 mass of this mineral, ajtjiarently of workable extent, occurs on 
 Seottie Islan<l in Lake oi' the W Oods, and good specimens have 
 been sent nu^ I'rom a iaj>id in the Mattagami River. It has been 
 noticed in small (piantities in hundreds »)f localities throughout the 
 Territories. 
 
 Lime. — The Devonian and Silurian limestones of the westein, 
 and the dolomites of the Manitounuck or Xipigon formation of the 
 eastern, side of Hudson's F)ay alTord abundance of good stone tor 
 burning into lime. Ciood material lor this purpose is also obtain- 
 able everywhere among the Silurian and Devonian rocks which 
 fringe the Laurentian nucleus all the way from Minnesota to Great 
 Bear Lake. Irregular beds or masses itf dolomite, often of consid- 
 erable thickness, are found among the Huronian strata of Lake of 
 the Woods, of \lo(\ Lake, to the north of it, and elsewhere. 
 
 Jfifdntti/ic. Ccmcul. — Beds of ferruginous and argillaceous dolo- 
 mite, which would (>videntlv answer for calcinintr to ibrm hvdranlic 
 cement, occur on some of the islands on the east side of Hudson's 
 liay near (Jreat and I^ittle Whale Ivivers. 
 
 BuildliKj Sfonrx are abundant aniong the rocks which have been 
 alreadv mentioned as suitable for bnrnin«>: into lime. The walls of 
 Fort Prince of \\'ales, at the mouth of the Churchill River, were 
 faced with blocks, four feet long by two feet thick, eut out of the 
 
\fIM:K.\I. HF><H'R(|> OF THK HTDsoVs HAV THUKI H >KIK.s. ^ 
 
 iivdv ari^illiu-t'oiis tjuartzite of the Jieis^hborhood. I'lie lianler 
 tjnartziU's ol' Marble Island on the west, tmd ot' the Manirounnck 
 g;roiij) on tlie eiust, side of the Bay oceur in Mocks of j^oo*! sliape 
 aiul size tor l>nildin^. A handsome retl i^ranitt' is luet witii on 
 Nottin<i;hani Islan<l and on the east shore of Hndson's Bay, south 
 of Cape Wolsteidioline. 
 
 G/as.s Sdtuf. — The j)«ire white varieties of tlie (juartzites last 
 referred to would answer for t::lasn-niakiug. A heautifnilv white 
 sand is abundant at*the Methy Portage and alonu tlu' Clearwater 
 Kiver, Athabasca Histriet. 
 
 Fire-eluys and elays for l)riek-inakintr, nioiddinii'-sand, shell-marl 
 for manure, ochres, peat, flagstones, rooling-slates and otln r -iib 
 stances found in various parts of the lludsim's Bay Tcrritorit's 
 miii:ht be addt-d to the forey-oiuii' list.