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BROCKHAUS, LEIPSIC, and B. WESTERMAN & CO, 471 Broadway, New York. ^"!>1> BEOLOBICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY OF CANADA. ALFRED B. C. SELVVYN, LL.i)., F.RS., Director. 6598 PALiEOZOIO FOSSILS. VOL. III., PART I. '■■■'■(-'( BY J. F. WHITEAVES, F.G S., F.R.S.O., etc. PAIiEONTOLOGIST AND ZOOLOGIST, G. & N. H. S. G >4JIA'^ DAWSON BROTHERS. JJaboh, 1884. The late Mi-. E. BillingH left no mamiscvipt for Part TI. of the second volume of "Palaeozoic FoshIIs." It h therefore thought desirable to complete that volume as Hoon as practicable by a reprint of such of Mr. Billings' patoonto logical writings as are either entirely out of print, or were never issued by the Geological Survey. The present publication, prepared by Mr. J. F. Whiteaves, forms the hrst part of a third volume, ft is descriptive of fossils from the truelph formation of Ontario, and is illustrated by eight lithographic plates and a few wood-cute. ALFEED E. C. SELWYN, Director Geol. & Nat. Hist. Survey. CrEoLooroAL AND Natdral History Survey Opfice, Ottawa, February 25th, 1884. all ad Wi w\ tio tri HCl cit Th wh fhc me tra the on lt, Rov. Andrew Bell, 18t«-50; Kloia, R. Boll, ISfil, and Mr. David BoyU'. 188(1 : lleKpolor, T. C. Woston, 1807. Two avora^c Canadian Hpcciincns ol" thiw HpocieH have boon forwarded to Dr. Eoniin^or, who has kindly (ixninined them and conflrras tho corret-taess ol' thoir ideiititication. ZOANTHAEIA T^UOOSA. CVSTOHTVLIIH INFINDIHIJLUS, VVhltHold. Syringt)imr(ii)ijii)) stems, which divide by calicular gemmation at distant intervals into sets of throe, four or more, ascending, sub-parallel, contiguous, tloxuous branches. Structure of tho calicos previous to gemmation, and charactoi-s of the basal portion of the corallum unkn(»wn. The above named genus is constituted for the reception of two spe- Min. Conch., vol. 1, p. 165. untiriod by B. 861, ami Mr. oon forwai'dod conrtrms tho lis. 1877, p. 7!». iv, p. 274, pi. le: Durham, tho radiating nco from the 'oil (levoloped )wardH at tho tiargiriH."* fgi'ogation of Htemy, which HotH of throe, •us branches, actoi's of the a of two spo- 8 Hpc..i,ne„« have ,h.. torn, of do aV// \ " ''?'''"'" '^''""'^- '^•"»«' thoira.ickneHHjn,tvar " 'i„;r r 7''"''"'::"' "''"'"■ ''•'*■«'""'• '" Ji"«H. Tl.e.so tu . „ ; f ^": ''■""' " """ "'"' » »'«"•♦'' 'hree ped da. .:;. ,h' :;•'"• :"" ''"•:"^''-' •'"''' -'"' VO.T well ^.u..;..ri.^...fr;;^:rr -.^^' ;s:: :dT;:^ ir i:r '""'; -"^'^' -^ -— "nd apparently forminir na t of . ■/ """ '*''"'•"'•" '" ♦'"^ "''"ve, to sepii-ato these i;^: : ^^^ zci "::;::^ ^'r^^"'i '-"-^ 'oms ; but one would still I. left .Ze^^ ,',1^ T"'?'"' "!'^>' "''"P'^ genus to which such s„oci„,onH a L Ir T *" P'"'"" *''*''"• The -.0 Of ^.owth is W^:z '^i^ic^er ;;:r:;;r' '^'-^ -i agree with Amn/exw -n it.n , . ,. "" this genus and central tabulate lIVrnhTZ- T^'"' '"'"•'^- ^""^ " ^-e The same form c,..e„r^r . V-"" r "'"^ '"""^''"'^" «*' ^^^ «opta. -t leave its posili:; rnsotld ' """'^ '^"""^^""' ^"* ^ --^' «^ F- Pycnostvmjs Guelphensis. (N. Sp.) Plate!, H^d. I, ]„&1A Corallites long and slender, averaxrinir fmn, iu metres in diameter, and dividing uni^f^T'T-*'*' ^ ««^«" »*'"- three or four branches. Epitheca markld ^ """" ^''"" '"'" '^'^'' and ro-olovations at irreguhu dis an^ 1 ' T""'" ^""^^'-tions PHmary septa alternatin'g with ra^^; Int^o^r ^"^"^ "^'^^• New Hope, E. Billings, 1857: Guolph. ^ >^li iftfii „ . CJeston, 1867 : Elora, Mr. D. Boyli, I8?0 ^^^^ ^.tw": A common and characteristic foasi, of the Guelph Fomation/to 4 which two manuscript names, unaccompanied by any description or figure, have been applied at ditt'ererit timew by Mr. E. Billings. In the Museum of the Survey the species is labelled Amplexm C(mgre(jatu8,^\\- lings, by thatnatui-alist himself, the label being not written but printed. The same coral is called Aviplexus laxatus in the latter part of the twelfth chapter of the " Geology of Canada." As both of these specific names would be singularly inappropi-iate for this coral as now under- stood, it is not thought desirable to pei-pctuate either. Nal ural trnnsvorse sections of this species, (as in the original of fig. 16, on plate 1) shew a quadripartite, and moi-o rarely a tripartite division of the corallites. This appcaj-anct! might bo supposed to bo the result of fission, rather than of ealicular gemmation, but is really duo to the coalescence of the inner walls of the corallites immediately after bud- ding, — as in the case of the genus Biphi/phyllum. PyCNOSTYLUS ELEOANS. (N. Sp.) Plate 1, figs. 2 & 2a. Corallites attaining to a diameter of from thirteen to seventen milli- metres : increasing by ealicular gemmation in such a manner as to divide into six or seven branches on the same plane : external surface regularly and longitudinally ribbed, the ribs altcj-nating with the septa within : all the septa of uniform height and size. Hespeler, T. C. Weston, 1861 : Durham, Mr. J. Townsend. The only specimen of this coral in which ealicular gemmation is plainly visible is presented by figure 2 on plate 1. Part of this speci- men is covered with rock, but on the exposed surface five buds are visi- ble, one of which is an inch and a quarter long, while the other four are broken off at their bases. .Judging by the diameter of the buds in proportion to that of the calyx from which they spring, it is probable that the entire cycle would consist of either seven oi* eight. It is possible that the specimens for which the above name is provisi- onally suggested may prove to be portions of the basal extremity of P. Guelphensis denuded of their epitheca, but at present no intermedi- ate examples between the two forms have been collected. BRACHIOPODA. Spirifera plicatella, Sowerby. Dui-ham, Mr. J. Townsend : three single valves. i M Atrtpa reticularis, Linn. Heapeler T. 0. Weston. 1871 : two specimens of the ordinary form and one small valve with few and distant nodulous ribs, resembling the vario^y figured by Davidson in the "Silurian Brachiopoda " (PI xiv hg. 22,) as "approaching in character A. aspera." MONOIIERELLA OVATA. (N. Sp.) Plate 2, fig. 1, & plate 8, figs, l, !«, 16, & u. Shell inequivalvo, the ventral valve being much larger than the dor- Hal: outhne ovate as viewed laterally, the greatest breadth being a little m advance of the middle : valves regularl> convex or with a faint mesial impression on each: maximum thickness through the closed valvesmsome specimens equal to, and in others slightly cxceedin.^ their greatest breadth, limbo of the ventral valve tumid, gibbounS prominently arched, its beak being curved strongly and Abruptly i„ wa ds and down t e centre of the posterior margin of the hinge pfate umbo of the dorsa. valve smaller than that of the ventral and not nearly so prominent nor so much curved. Surface marked by rather coarse, irregular and concentric lines of growth Test very thick pos- teriorly, but gradually becoming much thinner towards the anterior Characters of the interior of the dorsal valve unknown. So far as they can be ascertained at present, the markings on the interior of the ventral valve are aa follows : The outline of the hinge plate or ca, - dinal area IS crescentic or semi-circular, it« posterior^mLgin beil ctfalrlhT;"^ ^-r^j'^' '^"^ ''' anteno-'border correspondh^y concave The hinge itselt is very broad, flat, and closely as well as co.i cen rically striated. In some specimens, the breadth oHhe hinge a^a ui the centre, and as measured from back to front, exceeds hal fan inch Thedel idmm and dellidial slopes arc obscurely indicated by ^faint The cardinal facet is narrower than the hinge plate: the outer mar- gin of the cardinal facet is concavely and rather deeply emarginated on bo h sides of the cardinal buttress : the exposed porLn of t fca dial ^zt:^V'''T' """'^ «^«-^o^tLrgi.i.:;tl;e%:;d;: well as bieadth diminishes rapidly towards the front : the platform which IS not vaulted, is feebly developed, obscurely defined and'^sc^™; 6 raised above the lowest level of the valve posteriorly, and is bounded anterioi-ly by a moderately prominent, transvej-se, rounded ridge which 18 cui-ved shallowly towards the front margin, in the middle, or bent towards the front at a very obtuse and rounded angle. The mus- cular impressions are not distinguishable. Length of the most perfect specimen along the median line fifty- eight millimetres: maximum breadth, forty-thrco mm.: greatest thickness through the closed valves, forty-five mm. Durham, Mr. J. Townsond: one perfect specimen, with the valves slightly displaced, and four detached ventral valves. Two of these separated valves have the interior completely filled with the matrix and the others are so much worn or eroded inside that some of the characters of the interior of the ventral valve cannot be satisfactorily ascertained. •' In all the previously described species of Monomerella the ventral valve 18 more or less flattened, its umbo and beak are erect, and its hinge area is distinctly triangular. The ventral valve of the pre- sent species, on the cont4-ary, is remarkably tumid and inflated, its umbo IS pi-ominently arched, its beak incurved, and its cardinal area cl^escent,c in outline. When its valves are closed M. ovata looks not at all unlike a Pentamerus of the type of P. oblmgus or a large Meristella but the internal character of its ventral or pedicle valve seem to show that it is a true Monomerella. Monomerella ovata, var. lata. Plate 2, figs. 2 «Sc 2a, & plate 8, figs. 2 & 2a. Ventral valve (the only one known at present) moderately convex with or without a mesial depression : outline sub-circular: length and breadth about equal: umbo somewhat prominent, beak slightly in- curved : surface concentrically striated : test thick. Hinge area concavely arched in front, obscurely 8ub-angular in the centre behind: umbo double chambered: umbonal cavities wide and deep: lateral muscular scars of the platform rather large, rhombic ovate, longitudinally striated, and converging anteriorly but without meeting. Other characters as in the type of the species. Durham, Mr. J. Townsend: two ventral valves with the test pre- served, and a well preserved natui-al cast of the same valve. The best specimens of all the species of Trimereilidai which are de- scribed in the present paper have been sent for examination to Thomas Davidson, Esq., F.R.S., to whom the writer is indebted for valuable 7 8.V -.stions in regard to their generic and specific aWnities. Prom < ..,, nearly circular form and from other peculiarities, the writer had ^.r, .,v)8ed that the three valve, junt described might possibly belong to a lai-ge form of Monomerella orbimhim, Billings, but Mr. DaVidson is i.,- clmed to tliink that they should be regarded rather as a variety of M. ovata, a conclusion which has therefore been adopted here Mr David- son is also of opinion that the internal markings oi" the present shell are more hke those of M. prisca, Billings, than they m-e like those of M orbicularis. Ehynobolus ualtensis. (Billings, Sp.) Plate 2, fig. la, and phito 8, figs. 3 & ;5a. Obolm Galtenn,, BiUingH 1862, Pal. Foss., Vol I., p. 168 ^. fig. 151. ' mmerdla minor, Ball Wl, Am. Jour.(.Wh..Vol. VII.,p.83 RhynoMu. galten^s, Hall, March, 1871 , (Teste Davidson). "Rep.' on the State Cab. of Nat. Hist. r^i, 11,- x> , . ^.„. proparatloasofPal. New York." Obolelhna Qaltenm, Billings Dee. 1871, (Teste Davidson). Can. Nat., Vol. VI., N. S., p. 222. Also _. ^ April, 1872. Dmobolmgaltends, Davidson & King 1872, Eep. Meeting Brit. Ass Tnmerella [?] gaJlenm, Davidson & King.. 1874, Q J. G. S., Vol. XXX.,' p. 151 Plate 18, fig. 13 & plate 19, figs. 4 and 4a. This species, which as the above synonymy shews, has been placed m five different genera, has previously been described almost exclu- sively from casts of the interior of the shell. Three ventral valves with the whole of the test preserved, and one dorsal valve of a Rhynoholus which is probably referable to R. Galtemis have recently been collected at Hespelcr and Durham. Two of these ventral valves have their interiors completely filled with rock and the third has only the hinge area exposed, on the inner side ; but the inside of the dorsal valve is fortunately empty. The characters exhibited by these four specimens may be thus expressed: The shell is compressed convex and nearly lenticular in transverse section when the valves are closed: its outline as viewed aterally ,s ovate, the length is always greater than the breadth, and the maximum breadth is usually (but not invariably) a little in advance of the mid-length. The outer surface of both valves is marked by con- centric and somewhat imbricating stride of gi-owth and the test is not veiy thick. The ventral or pedicle valve has an almost erect but somewhat 8 obtusely pointed umbo, whose lateral margins are obliquely convex : its beak is small and very slightly incurved, and its hinge area is broad as measui-ed from its anterior to its posterior margin, and shallowly crescentic. The dorsal or brachial valve is about as convex as the ventral, but Its cardinal area is comparatively narrow from back to fj-ont: the crown of the crescent is regulai-ly arched and parallel with the front margin of the cardinal area, and on each side the crescent toi-minates in a small subpyiiform scar. The platform is scarcely raised above the lowest level of the valve posteriorly, and is bounded at the sides and in front by a V-shaped raiseil i-idge, whose pointed base is directed for- wards. The middle muscular scars of the platfoim arc broadly rounded on their inner margins, which latter neai-ly touch each other in the centi-e. On their outer mai-gins the middle scars are bounded by the posterior half of the V-shaped ridge whieh has already been described as forming the lateral and anterior boundary of the platfoi-m itself The anterior muscular scars occupy or are placed upon a small sub- rhomboidal or somewhat lozenge-shaped area on the platform in front of the middle. As cojnpured with Messrs. Davidson's & King's figure of the pedicle valve of the " Trimerella (?) Galtensis" of their paper,* the umbones and beaks of the ventral valves described above are not so much pointed nor so flatly conical in their lateral outline, and their cardinal areas are crescentic rather than triangular. The markings on the interior of the dorsal valve from Durham described above are essentially the same as those on the mould of the brachial valve of the Trimerella Galtensis of Messrs. Davidson's & King's paper, though in the Durham specimen the crown of the crescent seems to be regularly rounded in the middle and not pointed. The generic name Rhynoholus (Hall, 1871,) as applied to the present species, is j>dopted here in accordance with a suggestion to that effect recently made to the wi-iter by Mr. Davidson. In a letter received in November, 1883, Mr. Davidson says:-" Although with much uncer- tainty this shell was placed by Prof. King and myself in the genus Trimerella, it is not a true Trimerella and should be removed from that genus. It is more closely allied to Monormrella, and perhaps it would be better to retain Prof Hall's generic name of Rhynoholus for its recep- tion." * On the Trimerellidifi. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. Lond. Vol. XXX pi 18 fig. 13. > F • I )1. XXX, pi. 18, LAMFLLIBRANCHIATA. GONIOPHORA CRAS8A. (N. Sp.) Plate 2, figs. 3, 3a, 36, & 3c. Shell mytiloid or nearly serni-ovate in lateral outline, transversely elongated, length about twice the maximum height, narrow in front and widening behind, highest a little behind the middle. Valves oblique- ly sub-carinated or strongly angulated along their centre, the angula- tion extending in a curved line from the beaks to the posterior end of the base,— very convex and obliquely compressed both above and below the median angle, so that the outline of a transverse section through both when closed would be distinctly rhomboidal. Thickness through the valves, as measured on the median angle, somewhat exceeding their maximum height. Dorsal margin ascending gradually in nearly a straight line from the anterior terminal beaks to the upper portion of the commencement of the posteiior end : posterior margin broadly and obliquely rounded or obliquely subtruncated, descending rather abruptly and forming a somewhat angular junction with the basal line below, but rounding evenly to the dorsal margin above. Ventral (or basal) margin nearly straight or slightly concave from the posterior end to a httle m advance of the middle, then narrowing i-ather gradually upwards towards the beaks : umboneii narrow, curved, carinated, over- hanging the anterior end and extending downwards to the basal mar- gin: beaks hooked, curved inwards and downwards, and margined beneath by a distinct groove. " Surface marked with numerous, closely disposed, fine raised stria* of growth, also by a few distant and much coarsei- concentric sulcations. Test very thick, especially in the umbonal region. Anterior muscular impression subcircular and deeply excavated: posterior muscular impi-ession moi-e elongated, not excavated, obscurely defined, except above, where it is margined by a nai-row and slightly raised ridge. Hinge of the left valve apparently furnished with a lon- gitudinally elongated, raised tooth-like process, which runs nearly par- allel to the upper margin of the anterior adductor imjiression, (which it partly bounds above), and nearly parallel also to the upper and outer edge of the hinge line, from which latter it is separated by a deep groove, which widens gradually behind. Umbonal cavity (in one specimen at least) strongly concamerated, Its cavity being divided off into a number of (at least eight or nine) exceedingly narrow chambers, by thin, successive and concenti-ic la- minse of shell. 10 Length of the largest specimen known, sixty millimetres; maximum height of the same, thirty mm. Durham, J. Townsond : five fine specimens with the test preserved. Two casts of a shell which probably belong to this species were col- lected at Hespeler by T. C. Weston in 1867. Meualomdh compbessus. (Nicholson & Hinde.) Megalomm compresmg, Nicholson & Hindo. lioport on the Paloeontology of Ontario, 1875 ; pp. 68, 69. The above species or varietal form was described and figured fi-om more casts, but Mr. J. Townsend has recently collected fine specimens of it at Durham, with most and in some cases the whole of the shell beautifully preserved. The test of M. compressus is rather thick (about fivti millimetres in thickness on the umbones) especially in the umbonal region, and its outer surface is concentrically striated. Fig. 1. Megalomm compressus, Nicholson & Hinde. Outline of left valve of a typical but possibly extreme variety, with most of the test preserved. The character most relied upon as a means of distinguishing Jlf. compressus from M. Canadensis is the lateral compression of the valves of the former. In M. compressus the thickness through the closed valves is stated to be " more than one third of their i ximum height," whereas in M. Canadensis the convexity of the shell is about equal to its great- itres; maximum 11 est height. Moreover, in what appears to be a typical, though pos- sibly an extreme form of M. compressus, with the test preserved, (an outline of which is represented in wood-cut, fig. 1) the umbo is com- pressed and comparatively narrow, the beak is curved very slightly downwards, there is no lunule, and the anterior end projects beyond the beaks as a broadly rounded lobe. Pig. le, on Plate Ixii of the second volume of the Paleontology of New York, which is described by Prof. Hall as " a cast of a specimen " of M. Canadensis "somewhat distorted by pressure which has projected the lower anterior end some- what beyond the beaks above," represents perfectly a normal and undistorted cast of this form of M. compressus. In the most typical form of tiie true Jk'. Canadensis, when the shell is preserved, the exceedingly broad and tumid umbones are anterior terminal, and overhang the abrupt downward and backward slope of the lower part of the anterior end. The beaks, too, which in con- sequence of the enormous breadth of the umbones, are placed two- thirds of the way from the dorsal margin to the base, are recui-ved and strongly hooked, and under them there is a rather deeply exca- vated heart-shaped lunule whose width is greater than its height Fig.2. Auteriorendofleftvalveofaspecimenof a ^«^a;om«awhich is inter- medialB m character between if. compresmi and M. Canadenm. But between these two extremes there occur almost every inter- mediate gradation, both in the amount of convexity as compa/ed with the height and in the outline of the shell, especially at the anterior end 12 Thus, in some much compressed Hpeciraens which on that account would be referred to M. compressiis, the umbonos ai'o terminal and overhang the anterior end, and there is a somewhat deeply excavated lunule, as in the typical M. Canadensis. Tlio anterior half of a left valve of a Meyalomus from Durham re]>resentetl in the wood-cut, tig. 2, on the preceding page, bclongH to a specimen which is almost exactly inter- mediate in its characters between JI/. compressus and M. Canadensis. Connecting links between the two forms are so fretiucntly found as to suggest the conclusion that M. compressus is only a variety of M- Canadensis, u view which is identical with that expressed in 1852 by Prof. Hull, who after examining a large number oi' examples of Megal- omus, states that he is " unable to find any characters indicating more than a single species." According to Dr. R Bell, the first discoverer of this curious genus was his father, the Eev. Andrew Bell, then of Dundas, who sent speci- mens of the typical species to Prof. Hall in 1847 or 1848. Anodontopsis concinna. (N. Sp.) Plate 2, fig. 4, and plat« 7, figs. 4 & 4a. Small compressed — convex, about one-third longer than high, very inequilateral, outline subtrapezoidal : anterior end short, rounded and rather narrow, posterior .end larger and wider, its upper and lower margins being neai-ly parallel, and its extremity somewhat obliquely truncated : dorsal margin straight and almost parallel behind, sloping rapidly and obliquely downwards in front: ventral margin nearly straight but slightly convex in the middle, rounding upwards very abruptly at the anterior end, and ascending to a much less height and in a very gentle curve to its subangular junction with the basal margin of the posterior extremity. Umbones broad and angulated behind, beaks small, not prominent, directed forwards and situated about half way between the centre of the shell and the outer boundary of the anterior end. Posterior area not distinctly defined, consisting of a very oblique, concave inflection of the valves bounded by a faint angulation which extends from the beaks towards the posterior end of the base, but which becomes nearly obsolete in the lower half of the shell. Surface markings and hinge dentition unknown. Length of the largest specimen collected, twenty-five millimetres : maximum height of the same, seventeen mm. Gait, T. C. "Weston, 1867 : a cast of a right valve. Durham, Mr. J. Townsend: a perfect cast of both valves, which, however, are both 13 open and Hiightly diHplacod in the spocimon, mo that it is impossible to measure the exact convexity through the closod valves. This specimen is very simihir in shape to the Atwdontopsis aiujustifrons of McCoy,* from the Upper Ludlow rocks of VVostmorehmd, but its anterior margin is not so narrowly rouudtid and its dorsal margin is not arched posteriorly. Genus Ilionia, Billings.f 1875. Canadian Naturalist, 2nd iSeries, Vol. viii., p. 301. " The above generic luime is proposed for such toi-ms as Tellina prisca (Hisinger), Anatina simata (Hail), and the species herein descilbod. All the specimens I have seen are internal casts, and the charactei-s of the hinge lino, therefore, cannot be given. The form is irregularly ovate, compressed or sub-lenticular; one extremity larger than the other; beaks turned towards the larger end, which is, therefore, supposed to be anterior. In all the species a concave depression commences on the umbones and extends downwards to the posterior ventral margin. A large sub-ovate muscular impi-ession in the upper half of the posterior extremity." Billings. IiiioNiA Canadknsis, Billings. Eionia Canadensis, Billings. IStS. Can. Nat., N. Ser., Vol. viii. p. 301. Fig. 3. " I^eft side of a cast of the interior of /. Canadends." /e millimetres : * British Palffiozoic Fossils in the Cambridge Museum. 1855. P 271 d1 Ik 14 and 15. • .f- . t As the original definition of this genus and of the typical species may not be readily accessible to the reader, they are reprinted here, with the figures which accompanied them. T" u Fig. 4. " Dorsal view of tho same." Shell " trannverftoly irregularly ovate; comprossod, sub-lonticular ; length about twice the greatest height; umbones Hituated a little behind the mid-length ; venti-al margin with a concave notch at about the posterior fourth of the whole length. In front of this notch the maigin in uniformly convex, gradually sloping upwards nearly (if not quite) to tho hinge line. The dorsal margin is not perfect in tho speci- men figured, but judging from the direction of the sti-iro on the surface of the cast, it is nearly straight, or at tho most only slightly convex in front of the beaks, and nearly parallel with the length of the shell, sloping slightly downwards. Behind the beaks it is gently convex,' nearly straight, and slopes downwards to the nari-owly rounded angle,' tho latter situated at about one-third the height of tho shell The naargin of tho beaks is compressed. Close under tho beaks, in front there appears to have boon a short escutcheon.* " From the umbones backwards for about six lines, a linear groove runs along close to tho doj-sal edge on each side. This may be related to the ligament. Tho most projecting point of the anterior extremity appears to be situated considerably above tho mid-height of the shell, neai- the hinge line. The posterior angle is below the mid-height. Surface concentrically striated. Length, thi-ee inches; greatest height a little in front of the mid- length, eighteen lines; greatest depth of both valves, just below the umbones, eight lines. The specimen was collected by Sir W. E. Logan in the Upper Silurian rocks at Port Daniel on the Bay of Ohaleurs." E. Billing's. Five badly preserved casts collected by Mr. T. C. Weston in 1 867 from tho Guelph limestones at Hospelor, have been identified with this species by Mr. E. Billings. A single specimen from Elora which is also referable to /. Canadensis, has been forwarded to the writer by Mr David Boyle. *The word -escutcheon" appears to be here used inadvertently instead of 16 TlIONIA OALTBNHI8. (N. Sp.) I'latoS, flgH. l.la&U. Shell comproHHod, Minimtod, moHt .onvox in llio diroction of a lino which might bo drawn from Iho b«iilvo imd Indovv uiid Hiihuriji^iilai' or Nomttwhiit jtoinlod in the najddio ; HUpurior Ixtrdor Mli^litly «'(»nvox iti t'l-ont, und doHcionding with iin (xdomoly j^radiml curvo lu>luiid : I uhuI iniiri^in hroiidly roiindud boukn Mmull, nut very proniinunt, (Mirvud torwurdH and plac^od • little in udvanoe of the mid-luii^th. Surt'aco marked with about tW^*«ty or twonty-ono regularly dinponod, ocpudiHlant, C(»ncontri(^ inbH. Hiugo dentition and muoculur impruHHiotm unknown. Length, twenty millimotrt'ti : height ton mm. MIora, T. C. WonIou, 18U7: two mouldH of the outer BurfiCf of the Hheil. Durham, Mr. J. Townnend : one mould. The deMcnption :uid figure are taken Irom a gultft percha cast of the mould tv^lected by Mr. J. TownHcnd. Am the internal charat'ters of thin little nholl arc mknown, its generic poHition if quite uncertain. It iw only provif^ivuilly placed in BillingH* genus Ilimia. « GASTRROPODA. SlIBULITKH OOMPACTUS. (N. Sp.) Plate 3, tig. 2, and plate 7, flg. «. I ill Shell slender, isubcylindrical or narrowly subfusiform, (ae length being approximately rather more than three times greater than the breadth : last whorl of the spire broader and more convex than any of the others : sutm'o lightly impressed : body-whorl narrower than the preceding volution, at least in its dorsal aspect, cylindrical and some- what constricted at and above the middle, decreasing unequally and rather rapidly in breadth below : base apparently truncated, with a moderately deep siphonal notch, winch is bounded posteriorly by an oblique and not very prominently rounded keel, with a shallow depres- sion behind it. Surface apparently smooth. Approximate length from twenty to twenty-two millimetres: maxi- mum breadth six mm. T»urham, Mr. J. Townsend. A single cast, with the apex of the spire uiu. >\ portion of th^ base brok( n off. This is a much small" ;• . i>i' i v in the S. ' '' tes ventricosus of Hall, which is common in the Guulph I'ormation at Gait, Hespelor, Elora and Durham, or than the S. terebraiformis of Hall and Whitfield, from rocks of the same ago in Ohio. From the former it differs also in its much moi'o slender contour, and from the latter in its shorter and more closely coiled spire. riy but nftrrowly !• aliniptly ivt itM jmowluit pointofl ;, und duH(^on(lin^ mui-j^in hroiMlly wiirdti and pliicod i'kc.;U7,.i.24.,iJ:r UuU: K BillingH 1857: one imporfect npocimen, sistingoffwo V..s.onlH.7: a vo,y porfoct cast. Hespoler.T.C, Wonton, 186 /o. largo but iniporfoot «^aHt. . *o«i . on» Coi)(»nooiikim;h.* ((ion. Nuv.) HI.ell tur vtcl „ubh.«.(„r«, or pupoid : volu,io„H of ,|.„ npirc rather " .norouH, (alKml o.gh. or ..i,.., i,. „.., typical Hpeci„H) . .mp lo In Inally and closoly eru-oilod : ou.or half ..ni.c In'.ly.w Lrl Z 2 ..l.l..,uoly ou.wards an.l .lownwards: ,ip u.in and bmadiv J : "T' "l-'juo apparently nearly circular: umbilicus small o ell closed: tost tlun, uiunoiy The alKm; genus is constituted prinntrily „■ the reception of a little shel wuch .H abundant in the Guolph h.n. .ones at on.H L d « Casts ..f .tare of frequent occurrence at Du, ham hut "' '"^""^'"«- .i...t „.,„„„ .„«,„„„. „,„ .,„ .„„. ,;rr.:a .„" r:: ';;: the wj-.tcr, and only one of these is full '„,>« [„ h '^ which must be regarded as the type of tt g. ,s he irhlT';- the aperture cannot be ascertained, as ,he ve' t.,.'sJ^^;. e : ' Sh .H partly buned .n the matrix. Although as. .ciated w th put v manne organisms and therefore probably itself marine til ^i aspect of an adult example of CoLoekeL, wi , " i.^o j;:^ pupoid spn-e it« obli,ueIy spreading body-whorl a., 1 its Id j i .s exceedingly similar in a general way to that o. sevc iT^^^^^^^^^^^ recent operculated land shells, such as Meoaloma^t ,nn rL I To..cyc^s.U is probable tha^ the Cer,£r£Z. Zo^Z^::^ tfrom the Upper Silurian rocks, of K.issia will prov- trbelol tlth ' CODONCHEILUS STRIATUM. (N. Sp.) Plate 3, fig. 3. Shell small, about twice as lone as brnnH c..ka,„-p pup.d, spi,.e .,o„.e>, eo,... of ^^^ri'tr™ .^ ITt! * From KuiU', a trumpet, and x^i>-'K a lip M2^pTf2X.t '" """"'' ''^""^ ^^ '" '^°"^"- ^« ^'0"-V' Vol. 2, p. 2 18 tricoso bolow: nuliiroH narrow, liiiour iiiid iinproMHod : hody-whorl, iiK.lufling tho hjiHtil portion of tlio oxpandod outer lip, iibout one half the entire length: Burfaco marked with minute Htriw ofgrowth which heciomo rather ntrongly nmrifo, which curve somewhat convexly backwards above the middle of tlio body-whorl, and c(mcavoly as well as more abruptly backwards at the base. In one of tho Dui-ham specimens, too, the apex of the spiao is remarkably obtuse. CyCJ.ONEMA SULCATUM, Jlall. PlaUi 8, tin. 5. Cydomma sulcata, Hall. Pal. N. York, Vol. 2, p. 347, pi. 84, tigs. 1, la-d. This species was originally characterized by Prof. Hall from exfoliated casts, but the tine specimen collected by Mr. Townsend at Durham, and represented on Plate 3, has most of the test preserved on the last volution. Tho lower half of the body-whorl is marked by nine revolving raised ridges which are rather nari-ower than the spaces between thorn. Those ridges aro most prominent around the luirrow 19 0(1 : luuly-whoi'l, ip, uboiit ono hull' of growth which lip. th, olovoti niilli- '-wliorl, including ocimoMK with the MilJM, Diirlmm, le Pal. of the Prov. the interior, mid 3 boon misundor- en« of a Jfolopea roforablo to H. iv, J. Townsond. IS attained much t when the shell [hat the surface ia', whidi curve the body-whorl, t the base. In ■0 is remarkably \gs. 1, la-d. rof. Hall from [r. Townnond at 1 tost pi'osorvod rl is marked by than the npacos and the narrow but deop umbdu-a! depression, and become gradually n.ore fai..tiy marked untd the two ujipei- ones are nearly obsoloto. Above and next to the suture, there is a faint revolvir.g and rather wi.le groove Nviuch .s succeeded by a broad smooth band. The whole surface of the body-whorl is also crossed by numerous obli.iue stria, of .n-owlh Although tj.e wonis " umbilic.s none • occur in the original .letinition 01 the genus Oycl,m.ma-l^ yet as the O. sulcata is disti.u-tly described by I rol. Hall as having a small umbilicus, it is clear that this generic character will have to be moditied so as to include species with a small umb. heal pertoration which does not e.xpose any part of the inner wh..rls,-o.- else that the present, species slu,ulil be removed to some other genus, for which procedure there does not seem to bo any sufficjonlly a,lequate reason. In the writer's judgment also, the Trochmema pauper of Hall and the Cyclonema sulcata of the same author ought not to be placed in different genera. TboOHONEMA INORNATtfM. (N. SJ).^ Plato 3, tig. 7. Shell angularly turbinated, depressed, much broader than hijrh • whorls from three to four, increasing very rapidly in size; spire sfop! shaped moderately elevated, occupying rather less than one-halt the entire height, its volutions flattened above and obliquely compressed at besides; body-whorl flattened both above and below nearly at a right angle to tlie axis of the shell, and compressed laterally and somewhat concavely in the middle,_biangulated. its upper portion being distinctly shouldered, and its basal margin rather less distinctly so ; umbilicus very small, or perhaps entirely closed when tho whole of the tost 18 preserved; aperture evenly rounded on the inner or columellar side and rather obscurely bians^nilar externally Test moderately thick ; surface nearly smooth but marked by fine transverse lines of growth, which are distinctly insinuated on the superior an-do of till! body- whorl. ^ Breadth of tho most perfect example collected, twenty-tour raiUi- motres; entire height of the same, twenty ram.; height of tho spiro only, nine mm. ' Elora: R Boll 18(51 : one specimen, with most of the tost preserved. Durham, Mr. J. Townsend: a single cast. The best specimen has mostof the shell broken away in the umbilical region, so that it is uncerUiin whether the base was impeiforato or 20 narrowly iunl)ilicuted. It Beomn mowt probable that the latter was the caHO, but that tlie umbilical pit or cavity was too narrow to expose any portion of the inner whorls. EUOMPIIALUS MACROLINEATUH, Whitticld, Pluto 3, tig- «• Eiwmphalua macrolinealus, Whitfield. Ann. Rep. Geol. Surv. Wise, for 1877, p. 82. " " Geol.Wisc.,vol.4,p.2y4,pl.l8,%8.5andG. Elora, T. C. Wewton, IHU^. Durham, Mr. J, Townscnd. Two specimens, which api»oar to belong to the same spei'ics, were collected by Mr. J{. Bell in the Upper Silurian Jiocks of the Bale desChaleurs, in 1862, ono at Jj'Anse A, la Barbe, and the other at L'Anse ii la Vieille. The types of Euomphalus macrolineatus i'voni Wisconsin arc described as being " subdiscoidal, with a depressed convex spire," and the under side of its shell is said to be unknown. Not being able to decide positively, from description and figures alone, wh,U'\ur the Canadian specimens were specifically identical with that species or not, the nearly perfect example figured on plate 3 wad sonL to Prof. Whitfield for examination, who kindly rei^orts on it as follows : "I can see no real difference between this and E. macrolineatus. The ribs are a little more distant, but not enough to be specific. My specimens were both impressions of the oxterioi-, and much flattened, so that I considei-ed it a Euomphalus. Your specimens differ from true Cyclonema in the aperture and umbilicus." To the writer, these latter appear to be exactly congeneric with the Cyclonema sulcatum of Hall, which, how- ever, may not be a true Cyclonema. The characters of well-preserved and undistorted Canadian specimens which are here identified with E. macrolineatus on Prof. Whitfield's authority, may be thus defined. Shell turbinate, a little broader than high, composed of about thi-ee volutions, which increase very rapidly in size : last whorl but one somewhat depressed above and laterally depressed below the broadly rounded shoulder, in such a manner as to give the shell a rather step-shaped outline : body-whorl occupying two thirds or more than one half the total heigh t,~depre8sed above, inflated and ventricose below : umbilicus deep but narrow, its width being less than one fourth of the diameter of the base : aperture neai'ly circular, lip thin and simple. Surface marked by numerous, narrow, elevated revolving ridges, which are crossed by crowded and oblique stria; of gi'owth. On the upper and outer part of the body-whorl, the three revolving ridges nearest to the suture are comparatively wide apart, >ind are separated by shallowly concave grooves about four times as 21 wide as the i-idgos themselves : below this the revolving ridges are much more numerous and cloncly disposed, their breadth in the lower half of the body-whorl being fully equal to the width of the grooves between them. Approximate height of the most perfect specimen, thirty-seven millimetres: maximum breadth of the same, forty-four mm -height of the body-whorl of do., twenty-four mm. The amount of elevation of the spire of Canadian examples of this species, as compared with the maximum breadth, varies considerably in ditterent individuals. ^ EuOMniALUS GALTENSIS. Plate 3, figs. 9 and 9a. Shell depressed and nearly discoidal, spire sunk slightly below the highest level of the body-whorl, breadth rather more than twice the height : volutions three, increasing very gradually in size, those of the spire shouldered and nearly rectangular: body-whorl biangulated, but with the basal angle somewhat rounded off,_depres8ed above, especially near the suture, compressed convex below and flattened laterally in the midd e : umbilicus ahout one-third the diameter of the base deep step-s.ded and exposing part of the inner volutions : outer lip more or less acutely insinuated or notched on the superior angle, above and below which Its margin is convexly curved, the insinuation being caused by the junction or partial intersection of these two convex curves Surface markings unknown, with the exception of a few di8tant_ lines of growth on the body-whorl, which run parallel with *v.o Dimensions of the specimen figured :-breadth, thirty-eight miili- "?' U '^^' "'"^'"" •""• ' "^"^'> ^'f --l^i'i-«> -i-u^ twelve mm Gait, B. JJilhngs, 1857. Hespeler, T. C. Weston, 1867. Durham T J. Townsend. All the specimens obtained so far are cither r.Z.t^. or e^e they have the te«t so much exfoliated that the fineiHo: markings are quite obliterated. Straparollus cbenulatus. (N. Sp.) Plate 3, fig. 8, 8a and 8/*. Shell turbinate, compressed vertically, height one third less than ihe the en ire height, somewhat conical, its volutions being obliauelv rounded: suture excavated: body-whorl c-ompressed vertfcallyHh 22 ■liii above and below, ventricoso and inflated in tlie middle; umbilicus about one thii'd the diameter of the baae, very deep and exposing all the inner whorls up to the apex ; mouth nearly circular but narrower above and very slightly emarginated or indented by the penultimate whorl : outer lip apparently thin and simple, convex above >'.nd obliquely convex below. Surface marked by a few narrow and not very prominent spiral ridges, which are crossed obliquely by numerous flexuoua crenulated raised ridges or lamella). On the outer half of the body- whorl there are about seven or eight of these spiral ridges, four al)ove, and either three or four below the middle. The upper ones, one of which is placed veiy close to the periphery, are distant and rather clearly defined, but the lower ones are close together and extremely indistinct. These latter, too, are exclusively confined to the outer portion of the base, and disappear altogether before reaching the umbilical margin.* The crenulated raised lines, however, which cross the whorls obliquely, are as strongly marked in and around the umbilicus as they are on the central and upper portions of the body- whorl, and they are much more numerous as well as more closely disposed than the spiral ridges. Maximum breadth of the largest specimen collected, forty-five milli- metres : height of the same, about thirty mm. Durham, Mr. J. Townsend: two specimens. This shell would probably not be regarded as a true StraparoUus by those who follow the nomenclature adopted by D'Orbigny, McCoy, DeKoninck and Stoliczka, but it accords fairly well with the chai-actei-s of that genus as re-defined by Professors H. A. Nicholson f and James Hall. J It seems to be closely allied to and is probably con- generic with the so-called Euomphalus funatus and E. rugosus of Sow- erby, from the Wenlock limestone. Pleurotomaria perlata, Hall. Plmrolomaria perlata, Hall. 1852. Pal. N. Y., Vol. II., p. 349, pi. 84, fljfs. 5a, b, c. By some inadvertence this species is figured on page 341 of the " Geology of Canada " for 1863, as Pleurotomaria solarioides, Hall, which latter shell Prof. Whitfield believes to be a StraparoUus. * In figures 8a and 8h of Plate 3, the spiral ridges on the lower half of the body-whorl are rather incorrectly represented. They should be less distinct, closer together, and confined to the outer portion of tlie base. t Manual of Palaeontology, Ix>ndon. 1879. Vol. II., p. 24. t Palieontology of the State of Now York. 1879. Vol. V., part 2, p. 54. 23 umbilicus about sing all tho inner rower above and ate wliorl : outer )bliquely convex very prominent merous floxuoua half of tbo body- dges, four alxjve, per ones, one of jtant and rather )r and extremely led to the outer »re reaching tho >ver, which cross and around the )n9 of the body- as more closely , forty-five milli- ) Straparollus by )rbigny, McCoy, :h the chai-acters Nicholson f and is probably con- . rugosus of Sow- pi. 84, figs. 5rt, /), c. page 341 of the tides, Hall, which 1 lower half of tlie Id be less distinct, rt 2, p. 54. PliBUROTOMARIA OCCrDENS, Hall. Pleurotomaria occidem, Hall. Twentieth Reg. Rep., p. 364, pi. 15. figs. 11 and 12. Elora, T. C. Weston, 1857 : one specimen, identified witli the above species by E. Billings. Pleurotomaria Valeria, Billings. Plate 4, figs. 1 and 1«. Pleurotomaria Valeria, Billings- 1865. Pal. Foss., Vol. I., p. 169. The type of this species, which is only a cast and which was not figured, has tho whole of the s]>ire buried in tho matrix so that the basal surface and part of the body-whorl o ily are exposed. Two or three fine specimens with the test preserved have recently been collected at Durham by Mr. .1. Townsend, the best of which is repre- sented on plate 4, fig. la. These give a good idea of the cliaracters and surface markings of the upper portion of the shell. On the spire the test appears to bo nearly or quite Smooth, but on the upper half of the last volution the scul])ture consists of crowded and rather flexuous transverse striations. The sjiccies may be readily known by its depressed-tui-binate form, its sub-angular whoj-ls, its prominently and distinctly keeled periphery and its wide open umbilicus. Pleurotomaria cyclostoma. (N. Sp.) Plata 3, flgs. 12 and 12a. Shell conical, a little broader than high : whorls about five : spire moderately elevated, occupying about one half the entire height, its whorls flattened obliquely: last whoil but one bearing in its centre a narrow spiral band which is boitlored on both sides by a thread-like and minute raised ridge : band quite obsolete in the first and second volutions, and nearly so in the third : suture indistinct. Body-whorl with the periphery angulated and carinatcd, tho keel being narrow, acute, simple and prominent; band placed half way between the keel and the suture : base nearly flat, impoiforate : aperture circular. Body-whorl (and pei-haps the lower portion of the spire) marked by crowded transverse striio or lines of growtii : on the upi)er part of the body-whoi'l these stria) appear to be insinuated convcxlv backwards towards and to the band, whilo on tho lower face of the same whorl they radiate concavely backwards : the outer margin of the basal portion of the body-whorl also is marked by two or three faint spiral . -t^- ^tlMTlW'^' 24 grooves, ono of whicli forniH the untorior boundary of tho kcol which encircles the periphery. Maximum height of the most perfect specimen collected, twenty- one millimetres: breadth of the same, twenty-five mm. Durham, Mr. J. Townsend : two specimens, both with tho tost pre- sei-ved. One of tho most curious features of this species is the extreme thick- ening of the shell on tho periphery of the last volution, from which it results that although the outer lip is sharply carinatcd exteriorly, yet the mouth or aperture is almost exactly circular in outline. This peculiar character is seen also in the Pterocheilos primus of Moore, from the English Lias, but in that gonus tho columella is much pi-oduced anteriorly, which is by no moans the case with the present species. P. cyclpstoma appears to differ from P. bispiralis of Hall, from tho Guelph formation, principally in its more obliquely flattened and less ventricose spire, its indistinct suture and its much narrower spiral band. ■1;i I :i!ii PlEUROTOMARIA DuRHAMENSiS. (N. Sp.) Plate 4, lig. 2. Shell tm-binate-conical, a little higher than broad; spire moderately elevated, about equal to tLe body-whorl in height, its upper portion distinctly acuminated; whorls eight or nine, the first five or six increasing very slowly in size and obliquely compressed but not angu- lated, the next two, which immediately precede the body-whorl, increasing much more rapidly both in height and breadth and rather strongly angulated below the middle: body-whorl aiigulatcd a little above tho middle and obliquely flattened above the angle; base convex and evenly i-ounded ; umbilicus about one thii-d the diameter of the base and apparently deep. Surface markings unknown. Height, twenty-six millimetres : breadth, twenty mm. Durham, Mr. J. Townsend : a single but very perfect cast. The general outline of this shell is not at all unlike that of the StraparoUitia pelagica of Jiillings, from the (iueboc Grioup of Newfound- land, but in the latter species the whorls are said to bo only five or six in number and the lower ones are not distinctly angulatc MUROHISONIA Hesi'elerensis. (N. Sp.) Plate 4, fig. 3. Shell angularly turbiiuited, not much elongated, tho length being about one third greater than the breadth : spire about equal to the of tho keol which collectod, twenty- with the toBt pro- the extreme thick- hition, from which rinated exteriorly, !• in outline. This primus of Moore, a is much produced present species. of Hall, fi'om the ' flattened and less h narrower spiral 5p.) spire moderately its upper portion B first five or six 3sed but not angu- ) the body-whorl, breadth and rather angulatcd a little nglo; base convex e diameter of the wn. mm. ibct cast. unlike that of the roup of Nowfound- l)c only Hve or six ulatc tho length bein. IJoyle at Klorii in ■Jurvoy. It coriMiHtH ' the toHt heiiutilully iguretl by Prof. Hall f tho two HpeciuietiH 1 in connection with consiHtod of altout >iilly in breadth in roughly ostimated ho body-whorl. The marked, is broad, er whorls of large Is of the spire it is I'l it is placed above re swollen and in- I surface markings isinuated convexly twisted calcareous .nd which increases irous, free, discon- it, but very closely rtlnin lOKuliiily coiloil. Tho upper luilC ..f ihe voliKioii hofti-M two |.ioMiim>iit, luiiUi iiml diMtiuit, KpimI koolH, which ui-o Hopiimlcd rioiii outli otiior by n hroad concitvo (^roovo. AIk>vo tlio upp«u- knol, which JbniiH a (liHtinct nhouldtd- U) (I,,, voliilion, the Niufc u i8()l.li(|iioIy fliittoiuMJ or HJi^'hlly comiivo, himI holow (ho Hccoml kool tho Murtiico iM mmiowliul coiivix. At tho hiwo of tho carlior huirMitho liiHt volution thorc in ii thin! kool, but on tho inter imll' of (|,o Hiitno volution thin huMil lfr. J. Townnond, 1883: a Hinglo wpocimon, with most of tho tost proHorvod but with tho apical portion and part of the outer lip broken off, It in at present doubtful whether this wholl is a Murchismia, allied to but perfectly distinct from tho M. Ae/(Vhlinualion.-an;,Mmta jinn ta. Hpeeies hujus generis noiinuliis spoeiehus gonovlH Motoptomu' hocuu- diim dcHoriptit.neH et Hgiiras a hillings in libro 'Canadian O.ganic Konmins' " (sic) vol. I, page H^ cel.,dataH atHnoH Hunl. (ioneri Nacclht. Schuni. tribu fatclliilanim quoad lormiini aide longruenn, hncci, geiniH Hihiricum impresMionoH inuHciilorniM ad innlar Olaiue (I'alella-) (MichlciiriH \i. disposilaH haliel." Lindstiorn. Ah already partially nuggt'slcl by Mr. Dall,* it Heeins (dear that .,f the nineteen species provisionally referred by K. Hillingn lo {•JiillipH' getuiM Metoptoma, in tho tirst vohinio of tho "Palavwic Kossil. " „f (.'urnwltt, not one of them really bidong to that g.-nus as now under- stood. As the name implies, in Meioptoma propei- the widest end of tho basal margin, which was niipposed by Prof. Phillips to bo the anti^rior end, is distinctly concave or notcho 5, (igs. 2 ami 2a. Shell Mmall, i,,„inil, nunlenKely olevate.l, (he height being e.nml lx> one-Jmll tho length ..f the uporturo or buse : Hides sligbtly o.Mni..usHO.I upo.K po.nle.1, erect aii.l nlm.mt contml, but plaec.1 u little nearoHt t(, tho Mam.wo8t en.l: biise or aperture ovate or Hubovate in ..utiine, about one-hlth longer than broad: yurtaco markingn u.ul mum.lar imnren- HumH unknown. Length of an average Hpeeimcn, ten miliimetreH : breiulth of the Hamo, eight mm. : height, five mm. Durham: J. Town.en.l : eight tolerably purlect but not very well i escrvod castH of tho interior of the hIioII. TI,egenu.^cen6-//aof MillingH has never been proi.erly defined and oonHe,,uen(ly ought either to be re-eonstituted or aban.lo.u-d. 'tLo ' obHcure carina extending from the apex down one side to the mar.rin - g.ven as part ol' the diagnosis of S. reticulata, is not even a eonsta.'.t spee.hc character, fl.r there is no such keel on an excej.tionally larijc. spec.n.en ol that species from the rtance The specmons from Durham describe,! above are here placed pro- visionally m the genus Scenella on account of their very close ivsom- bianco m oxk^rnal form to S. reticulata, but the muscular impressions which would probably afford tho surest indications of the true affinities ol both are entirely unknown. They may, however, be referable to Wliittiold s gonuH Lepetopsis. In the second volume of tho "Palnmoic Fossils" of Canada, on page 77 StemtJuca pauper ixml Scenella reticulata are described under the head of Huroman fossils, whereas both of these species are from the Menevian imostones of Conception Bay, Newfoundland, which .iirectly ovorlle the black sha 08 or slates of the " Aca.iian " (Jroup or Lower Cambrian 01 that Island. 33 it mm. : niaxiimim l>cx I'roin tho Ijuho, orloot cttut of till) ;lil luuniir oiiual to ;litly ciiitiprwHod : i( tlo noiiroHt U) the i» outline, iilioiit imiNciiliir imi»i-0H- : breadth of tho ut not vory woll wi'ly (k'fiiiod, an;. 7. Sovoral H,,ooinun,s of tho oporouhnn or oj.orcula „f ono or moro f 8peou>s o( holoHtoniat..UH gastoropo-hv havo boon oollooted at Honpolor - 7 . /■ <^- WoHton and at Durham by Mr. .1. Town«ond, tho ; urgoHt of vvh.oh moasuroH fully throo ,,uartorH of an inch in itngroafcst ■ airtnli- T" "J;""""'",'"" "" <"''^'^™«"^. ••'i<'"v nrcuhu- in outline ">'< nult.sp.ral. Though often perfect and woll preserved, tho .s<'ulpturo of their outer .urfaco is usually ol.,scure.l and nearly covered by small portions of tho lonaciouH matri.v. So far they have never boon found u. place, so that it is .,„i(e uncertain to which Hpoeios they belong or to how many. ^ luvvviaiu specimonH (such a« tho one roprenentod by fignroH 10, 10a mul 10b of phuo a, which for convenience may be called No 1) 'I'o outer Hide is conical and mo.lciutoly olevaled-tho height of the '•ono bo.ng usually rather less than one-half tlu- .iiametor of its base - Ibo ai'<^^ 'H suheentral, the whorls are sinistral un.l bounded oxtornally w.d.a tlun laminar, raised ridge, the spaces betw.HM, the coils of which ••"■ooblu,uely striated across. On their inner sides (which, however .ti-o possibly imperfect) they are gonf !y concave, tJ.o central portion' paucispiral and the outer obscurely annular. I" other imlividnalstsu.^h as the original of lignro H „„ „iato3 wluch may be distinguished temporarily as operculum No. 2) thd OH .".•Hide IS much more conipros.sed than that of No. 1, and might Ik tie. be,ioser.be.l as .lej.rcssed .-onvcx rather than conical. Tho inner surface of No. 2 is nearly flat and marked with concentric annular H nations, hut there is a small pit in the centre, and a rather narrow elevated and annular rim around its outer margin Euomphalm or Straparollus, in t he sense at least in whicdi those words M.0 used ,n this article, perhaps to A', aaltensis ov S. crenulaUis. Nioliczku siiy-s-.< that tho operc-ula of J'Juompiuilm (which he roganls as a synonym of ^traparolhis) " vory much resemble those of Torinia, being 'b.ck and composed of numerous lamellar vohitions ' a description ■ich would apply perfectly to those from Durham. On the oth" ">•!, the oporcula oi' Euomphalm tmatm, as tigure.1 by Uailoyf are ..IHO very like the Durham specimens, and this similarity wouhl rather aleontoloKia Indica. CroUcoous Fauna of Southern India, page 254 t I'lgures of Chaructoristic Hritish Fossils. v,.l. 1, plafo 21, tig. ». 3 34 HETEEOPODA. BUCANIA 8TIGM0SA (?) Hall. Kate 5, figs. 3 and 3a, and pi. 8, fig 4 Sucania.ti,mosa, Hall 1852. Pateont. N. York vol 2 n c , o. « Gah • A AT ' ' P- ^^' P'- 28. figs. 8, 8 a toe t^a t . A. Murray and E. BiUinL's IRM • + the shell. These agree perS wl • T T' "^ *^« ^"*«"°^- of cusf. from the Niagara Eomat "„ aTr ■'". o''"' '^^"'"- P^-«««'-vecl TUEAUNOTUS ALPIIEU.S, Hall « ^^«-op/.onan«to, Billings, ,«,f Hall i863 C ,r „ ^''O''- Geol. Can., p. ,344 Bwania amagomm, MoChesney ^^- ^^2- „ I860, New. Pal. Fobs. Expl Trermnotws Alphew,-Ra\\ of pl- 8, fig. 4. 1864, p]ighteenth Reg. Rep p ,; , ' ^- 347, pi. 15, figs. 23 «...*™,«».,..-.„.,„„,„,„,„„,,„„^^ _^.a.._^^__^ _^^ ^^^ Hist Soc, vol. 1, p. 100 7V.mano fife'- 1- TrochoceraB Desi>laineme, Hall Twentieth Eeg. Rep., p. 359, pi. l(i, figs 8, 9 and 10. Hespebr, T. C. Weston, 1867: two specimens, one a mould of the exterior of the outer whorl in a compact dolomite, and the other a cast ot the interior of part of the body whorl. Trocholites multicostatus. Piate 6, figs. 1 and la, LituUes multicostatus, Whitfield. Geol. of Wise, vol 4. 1882, p. 303, pi. 20, fig. 7. Mora, R Bell, 1861 : Hespeler, T. C. Weston, 1867 and 1871 : Dur- ham, Mr. J. IcAvnsend: six specimens in all. Three imperfect exam- K rn ..""w "^^'"'^ '' probably referable to this species were collected by I. C. Weston in 1867, from the Niagara formation at Grimsby, Ont. The L.m^icostatus of Whitfield, from the Niagara formation of Waukesha, Wisconsin, appears to have been described from distorted or abnormally compressed individuals, which did not show the position * British Palaeozoic Fossils. Page 301. 'I &''« i: luently found is in 1- of the shell. In ry and of the centre and the outline of 9 convex than the its of this species test pi-esei'vcd, the lar in contour. s" in shells of the icasionally septate. its affinities appear 37 of the siphuncle. The voiulions of the shell in tlial species are said to bo " very gradually increasing in size throughout and probably circular in a transverse section when not compi-ossed, but in the specimen used and figured are of vei-y much greater diameter in a dorso-ventral direc- tion than laterally, giving a rather acute dorsal keel; most likely duo to compression, the specimen being imbedded in the rock parallel to the stratification." The outline of a natural transverse section of a specimen from Hes- peler, which in other respects agrees well with the description of L multicostatus, is transversely sub-elliptical or subreniform, its dorso- ventral diametei- is much less that its breadth laterally, its periphery is broadly rounded and somewhat flattened, and there is not the slightest indication of a keel. The siphunclo is small and situated in the centre of the inner margin of the whorls, and the species appears to bo a true TrocMites, vqyj closely allied to the T. amirwnms of Conrad. ley. ic Fosssils, p. 68, pi. p., p. 359, pi. 16, figs. e a mould of the id the other a cast p. 303, pi. 20, fig. 7. and 1871: Dur- imperfect exam- ies wore collected at Grimsby, Ont. ira formation of i from distorted how the position Obthooeras crebescens. Hall. Orthoeeras crebescens, Hall 20th Eeg. Eop. St. of N. Y., p. 354, ^ „ , Pl- 19, figs. 1, 2, and 3. Orthoeeras crebescens, Hall and Whitfield. Pal. Ohio. Vol. 2, p. 148, pi. 9, fig. 2. Hespeler, T. C. Weston, 1871 : Elora, Mr. James Gladstone, 1876, and since presented by the Trustees of the Elora Public School Museum per Mr. David Eoyle : Durham, Mr. J. Townsond. The Hespeler specimen is a coarse cast of the greater part of the body chamber, measuring eight inches and a half in length by four and a .piarter in breadth at the larger and three and a half at the smaller end. ^ The fine example from Elora is entirely septate and is divided into fifteen chambers; it measures rather more than eight inches and a half m length by three and a quarter in breadth at the larger and two and a thii-d at the smaller end. Orthooeras medullare. Hall. Orthoeeras medullare, Hall. Rep. Progr. Geol. Surv. of Wisconsin, 1859, Twentieth Reg. Rep., p. 353, pi. 20. Elora, collected by Mi-. David Boyle in 1876, and since presented by the Trustees of the School Museum. A la,rge cast of the septate end of the shell, measui-ing about seven and a half inches in length, with a portion of the test preserved The septa are distant about one-third the lateral diameter, and the siph- unclo is partly exposed on one side of the small end. 38 iji i^i i'l '("ffli U i' I I ' 1 Ortiioceras cADMirs, Hillings. O.W..„«^....Ha,. („.Ei..waa) ,S5. IWont. on..„ Sta.o ofN.Y.,VoI.II.,p.292,pl.(i.-i,%8.1aml Orthocrrns Cadrmu,, Billings. . 186« ''r'"t\"' S' "^' ^^"' "*" ''" , xau ....inn. Cat, of Am. Pal. Fossils, by S. A. Mil- ler, p. 245. OHTlrOOMUs ANNULATDM, Sowoiby. ^^ , aoH erby .... Murclnson's Silurian System and Siluria. " ••••Hall,Pal.N.Y.,Vol.II.,p.293,pls.64and., • • • • 1 wentieth Reg. liep., p. 351, pi. 20, figs „ „ , 4 and 5. ' ^ ' -"■ Hall^'in^l^Whitf. Pal. Ohio, Vol. II., p. 147. Orthocerasnodocostum,Mc(:hosney. KSol.' New Pal. Foss.. p. 94. Orthoceras Laphami, " J^^^^^' 2^'''-^': f ^*- '^'■' P- 53, pl. 9. fig. 5. ' ^^^^- New Pal. Fobs., p. 91. Orthoceras Darwini, Billingn. Plate 6, figs. 2 and 2a. Orthoceras Dan^ini, Billing. 1862. Pal. Foss. Canada, Voll p. ici septate end of the shell Th« ! 1 *''"'''" ''^ J^^''* «^ «'« septum of the sma lie Lul who I " " . *' ^"'^ ^" ^^"^ '-''"i"-' 39 uncle "appoars to bo" "6 linos from thcdoi-Hal and 3 linoHfi-om the ventral niar^'in." At any rate, in the writor'H judgment, tho eccentricity of the siphuncle in this species, tho only chai-acter hy which it can bo distinguished from tho Ci/rtoceras Myrice of Hall and Whitfield, is more apparent than real and is probably due to distortion or to tho accidental and unequal erosion of tho posterior end of tho specimen. The shell of 0. Danvini is gently curved as is that of C. Myrice, and tho exterior of both is longitudinally grooved or fluted, tho breadth of tho grooves or furrows in each case being about one line. hio, Vol. II., p. 147. Ctrtooeras Mtriok, Hall and Whitfield. Plate 6, figs. 3 aud 3a. Cyrlocems Myrice. Hall and Whitf. 1875. Pal. Oliio, Vol. II., p. 140, pi. 8, tig. 9. Two specimens of this species, in excellent condition, have been col- lected at Durham by Mr. Joseph Townsend, both of which are now in tho Survey Museum. Ono is a cast oi the interior of nearly the whole of tho septate portion of tho shell, while tho other, tho one figured on plate 6, shews the central and appai-ontly moniliform siphuncle and concave constriction of tho body-chamber. The position of tho siph- partof tho uncle was unknown in the typical Ohio examples of C. Myrice, which, as stated in the remarks on the previous species, is doubtfully distinct from Orthoceras Danvini. CVRTOCERAS 8EPT0RI8, Hall. Gomphocems sepkjris. Hall 1864, Eighteenth Reg. Rep., p. 350, figs. !) and 10. Cyrlocems sqHoru, Hall and Whitfield. 1875, Pal. Ohio, vol. 2, p. 151. Elora, E. Boll, 1861 : A cast of the body chamber only, showing tho very peculiar aperture characteristic of this species. Phragmoceras Nestor, Hall, var Canadense. Plat» 7, figs. 1, la, and lb. Phrngmocenu Nestor, Hall 1867, Twentie^L Reg. Rep. State of New York, p. 347, figs. 7 and 8. Phragmoceras Nestor, Whitfield. Geology of Wiaconsin, vol. 4, p. 301, pi. 19, fig. 3. Shell somewhat compressed, apparently very little cui-ved : septate end expanding rapidly in the dorso ventral diameter, septa numerous, the foui- or five next to the body chamber ave;-aging about Sve '""m iiii 40 Chamber ofhabitationov:teoutfnTn;;:r "' ''" '-iy-hambe. and broadest in tha dT^tlon at "^ T {/^•'^ ^''^''^-'''t-'"' ^ mum height of the am ,,",.: Z ' "' '^''^^ *'" '"""*'' ■ "^-i" "nd in others much less hZ f T' r''™«">* "''ont equal to, ventral side being Uwl^rTrl'T""'"''"'^' '''""'^-' '*« and narrowly contracted' n tie mid rf I""'' ' P^"'^"''« ''--' than an Inch, expan.led anV L v 7 " '"'"'""^''^ "^'^ ''"'« »»«••« phonal expansion being ml T ""h"' '' ''^^^ e""Mh.. anti-si- the septate portion and ofThn T' "'"" '''" ^'P''«""'- Surface of - ni-ed V z;t::, :^:s:;; :::;:ir --"'■ ^^ ^^^^^ H^spelor, T. C. Weston 18fi^ • l^'i > School MuHeum per M Su-id Bov^ ""';; ^""^ ''^ ''^" '^''"^^^^^ ^^ ^^0 A single cast from each 0^/^.^ 1 V ''"'' ^'- •^- Townsend, 1883. body chamber only;stwTng^^^^^^^ while th. others ar^ cal "f h! ^ T ^"'^""" '^^ *'>« "'P''»»^'e, «erf..te chambers atta,'dl:r" " '""'^^"- "^"' ^'-^ ^^'to nine be imperfect, it is ^^ it to e «rr;r" "' '' "^' ''^^^P-^ *° curvature. estimate the exact amouut of their ^^irTzz:^::!:: ''- r • rr ^^ ''^'' ^- ^^« ^^^gara Billings, from the up, "^ :; C ^ '^" ^^ '"^ *" ^^ ^^^^^ o^' ai-tu.-o and in the icl^" t' ^Eb ^^^ "T^'i^^'^ "^ ^'- appear to indicate a more locnUnd/nn/u ? '"'Citation. They which can most readii; be X;S?in:^^^^^^^^^^ by its much straighter fo m-h. co! " ^^^^' "^ ^^at species the septa are neaHy enurdirt^mt al *^r'"' '' ''^''^' '^' '^^^^^ «^' outer surface. This la to, . 1 T" '~""^' '^^ "« ^"'"^'^^ ribbed constant, for the bl^^g" oH Te """"' '^" "^* «««- ^<> ^e Canadian specimens, and' not a "^a n'n .H?" h" t''' "" ^^" ^^^ '^^ which on the whole Should prabi^^^^^^^^^^ variety of P. iV,,^,,^ j, ^^^ .ndvS. tl ^ lu "' belonging to this iB produced into a short tube ^^ """'"'^ ''"^ it« dorsal aperture rocks of nearly if „ot nut the am! '," '','''" '^^ ^^"'^"^ ^••«- Formation, can scarcdv L r T f ''"^^'"^ ^''^"^^^ «« t^e Guelph />. A^.«^o.. ''^ ^' ^liHtxngu.8hod from the typical form^of adioi- on th( v nil nil iiplional : Hiphuncio tiillinietroH hroad in the lio(iy. Hection, narrowost I'Ho-Iateml (lianioter the mouth : maxi- inn nhoiit equal to, nlral diamotor, ita • A pei'ture linear CO of u little more li ondH, the anti-Hi- lional. Surface of liamher of habila- 10 Trustees of the . Townsond, LS83. lich is that of the >f the siphuncie, fi'om six to nine each happens to umouut of their •om the Niagara the P, Jfector of >e 8ha])o of the ihitation. Thoy <^tyorp.]\restor, > of that 8j)ecio8 ich the edges of ■s faintly ribbed aot seem to bo on two of the wt from Elora, >longing to this dorsal aperture 8 collected by Chaleurs from as the Guelph -epical form of 41 PiiBAoMooBRAs PARVUM, Hall and Whitfield. Plate 7, fig. 2. Phragmocera» pannm, Hall and WiiitHold. 1875, I'al. Ohio, vol. 2, p. 151, pi. 8 (ig. 10. Two iLAperfbct casts of the chamber of habitation of a Phragmoceras have been collected at Hespoler, which resemble P. parvum in thoir small size and in the tubular prolongation of the ventral end of ' tfie aperture. Those specimens appear to differ from the type of i^t; species only in not being quite so much curved. <. \ ASOOCERAS ToWNSENDr. (N. Sp.) Plate (i, (igs. 4 and 4a. Shell small, slightly compressed at the sides, regularly oval in trans- verse section, its septate portion conical and widening gradually as well as somewhat convexly ui)wards from an obtusely pointed base: chamber of habitation unknown, with the exception of a small portion of its decurrentf exti-emity : test and surface markings of the test also unknown. Septa apparently three in number. The lirst.or posterior septum crosses the dorsum at a distance of about one millimetre from the posterior end, then curves concavely upwards on each side and finally passes over the ventral edge at a distance of eleven millimetres from the posterior end. The second septum crosses the dorsum close to the Hist and runs closely parallel with it on each side in its upward and concave curve, after which it bends first convexly towards tne dorsum, and then suddenly backwards towards the ventral edge, which it ultimately passes over at a distance of four and a half millimetres above the septum. On the immediate centre of the dorsum the third septum is about one millimetre distant from the second: then for some distance on each side, as far as the upward concave curve extends, the sutures of the third and second septum are confluent, after which the third septum also bends convexly towards the doraura, and then rather abruptly backwards towards and to the ventral edge, which it finally ci-osses at a distance of four millimetres above the second septum. The siphuncle is visible only at the pointed or posterior end : it is very small, and at this point is situated close to the centre of the dorsal margin of the first air chamber. The ventral half of the first air chamber is marked by a transverse groove or constriction. Durham, Mr. J. Townsend, 1883 : a well preserved cast of the septate portion of the ehell, with a small portion of the decun-ent posterior :r-^H£^v*-,, ni ^Ucrn^, ••■r' 48 conical fb,m, ,i„,, l.y thcnoc.„li,u r.r ^'"""'* ''^ ''" <-"mproHHc«"• ™--g"> narrow ridge, which in highes and nf ? ^"'^'^""'^ *'^'*'> ^'^^A torior half of the sid.. I^e^rlfor V*""^'^""'^^ '^ ^^e pos! metres in the grcaf est diameter nte;^'"'"'"'"*' "^""* ^«"'- "^"i" the centre of their iuner mmSnl) and J /^''' ^^ "^^'^^'^^'^^i ^i-O'" irom the anterior, and of sevt„ im fi^^l^f t ''^ " ^' «^^ ™-- not clearly indicated, but probably ltd on ! '"'"'^^"- ^««"^ prominence or elevation, which i s CaTJ. T, "'^•" *" ''"'^" ^'^^'^^'^^ Bpace between the two eyes/s„rce of th«'''^ ^ '' "^^'''^ '^^ ^^^ gi;anmo8e, and ornamented with minutl '''??'' ''P^^^^"*'^ ^"^'y which are isolated and others con Jontn T . '''^''''^''' ««'»« o^ Thoracic and caudal portionn w T "'*' ^^ *^" '»• ^^''^^■ exclusive of the telsonC X-tfrt"^" *^^'^« "^^^^ «P'ne, the farst, second, thi.-d and LjaMAw r i »W-iB'.. ' . —■ ; - t;,^ , _,^^ 48 fourth tliomcic Mogmont ouch boiiringon tho modianlinoii «in|,'h', luigo and prominorit, transvornoly elongiitod (iiborclo, which is iircimto or lonif'orm at Uh hmo and wornowhat bilobato at itn Hiitnmit. Tho hitoral diamotor of oach of ihosc tuboiclos gi-oatly oxcoodH tho longitudinal, and moaHuring at tiioir biwo, the pio])oi'tions of each tubordo may l»o thuH approximately (^Htimatod ; that on tho tii-Ht thoracic HOgmont, lat. diam. foui- mm., long, diatn. not (piilo ono mm.; that on tho third, lat. diam. nearly five mm., long, diam. rather more than ono mm.; that on tho third, lat. diam. tivemm,, long, diam., two mm.; and that on tho fourth, lat. diam. five and a half mm., long, diam., throe mm, Tolson prtxluced into a gradually narrowing, slightly curvod, and rather obtuHoly pointed linear spine, which HoomH to bo triangular in traiiavorso section. Antoniia>, endognaths and octognaths unknown, an is also tho natm-o of tho surface markings of the test of the thoracic and caudal segments. Entire length, including tho telson, about seventy-five mm. (or throo inches); length of carapace, twenty mm., greatest breadth of the same, twenty-seven mm. ; length of telson, fifteen mm. Elora, collected in 1881, by Mr. David Boyle, an intelligent and suc- cessful collector of the fossils of tho Guelph formation for many years, to whom tho wi-iter begs to dedicate tho species. The specimen figured, which has been kindly presented to the Museum of the Survey by tho Trustees of tho Elora School Museum, is an impression in a rather coarse- grained dolomite of tho exterior of tho upper surface of tho carapace, with tho whole of the thoracic and caudal segments in situ. Although tho typo and only specimen known is too imperfectly preserved to admit of as accurate a descj-iption as could bo wished, the species, novertheless .scoms to be sufficiently well characterized by the single largo and peculiarly shaped tubercle placed on tho median line of the uppoi- surface of oach of its four anterior thoracic segments. ' 'i I Figure 1. " la. PLATE I. Unl«,a otherwiao ataUxI. a., the ««un. .„, of natural si«. PVONOSTVLUS GUELPHEN«I8 (page 3). bases. '^''"'^ ("^ <=) a™ broken off at their 1*. Piece of a natural transverse Ho..f ■-,« r .u thoir auadripartitc arir'^^.^'itS"',^' ^'^"'"« se« well as placed too far forwarct M^'/'^'IT "^ ^"^« «« specimens of this specin^d L J^*^.^f °°»' ^g""^ of better species and its variety are given on Plate 8. MONOMEBELLA OVATA, VAH. LATA (page 6). Interior of the ventral or pedicle valve Exterior of the same specimen. i?HrN0B0LU8 Galtensis (page 7). ...... --^»-2..rro;«rr '-- ™-p-=..^o,-. Figure 3. " 3a. " 36. " 3c. Figure 4. aoNioPHOKA orassa (page 8). Exterior of a left valva Exterior of a right valva Interior of a left valve Anodontopsis concinna (page 12). ^"ts^:x^j;^is^--X:rs^^ Figure 5. ILIONIA (?) 008TULATA (page 15). Side view of a right valve, taken from a 2utf*n« v. ■ of a mould of the exterior of thelell '^ ™prefli.ion m ■ .^M -S^Ct^lj^f ictU ^KwtMn^ui :iBi^^t4:rii} ^wra^,piT crE (Trtiuvtii^n ;"AL^aZQIC E'f S-il LATE ir mrtly restored. The ot quite correct, the I platform too large as ional figures of better care given on Plates. e 6). This species also is the ooncamerated • figure is not very Bgiven on Plate?. »reha impression m i f PLATE III. «"'«vaew of a right valve, from Gait. Flg««2 .-, ^'""'""''^ ^''»'^^<^'^« (page 15). '^«2. S,dov,ew, somewhat enlanred Thi«fl • and another haa accorlgly i\?,':;-<;^,^^»^^ «-»-*«, F'-gu. 3 Sid ''^'''""""^^ -«— (page lY). ■ 'naral1it^----ct.^i.en..ow.^ HOLOP.A Gracu, Billing, (page 18) &dev,ew of the type of the species ^' r Figure 4. Figure 5. Ctolonema sttloatum, Hall (page 18) Specimen with most of the test p„,served. EUOMPHALUS MACROLINEAT08 WhithVM . Fig»'^6. Side View of ». • '''' ^^'*^«ld (page 20). v'ew of a specimen from Durham. F.gu.7 -r/'""'''^*^ '~^«"'^--« (page 19). ' T^emostperfectspecimenWntothewriW. Pigu.8 /''^^^^«^^'^"« — AX.S (page 21). " sa. s'rirotr:rr";'-'-"^--^ove. " 8*. Basal aape:;^^"!:^^^*^-^^- Durham. Figu.9 A """"""" ''"'^^^""^ ^P^^« 21). " ^«. ^scr^f^sr^-"^™"^^^- aspect of the same specimen. ,^ iwfi. Basal aspect of do. '•iil ^ #:ei0i!ji^w.M ^J^'^rt'inrai Mli0U-ir^ 3u)V^t^ :0'l C'jnawni^K , 5). e is not quito accurate 311 on Plato 7. nown, about twice tlie t8). 8). •age 20). er. ). bova m. Jecimen is given "•fitilar aperture. 1 '•■. :. /E z 1 c F G 3 ? I :. o , \' ;. . 3 PLATE ni H Foordi; J.WH Vv^Llls R C.A. Del A i'iortirnoT. uiui ?l "^ft, . Ii PA PLATE IV. P^KaH..Tn„AH,A Va.^kh.a, HillinKH (pa^o 23) ^'iK"r«i Ha«Hlviewof„,oty,...r,..„s,K..i«,. . > Pi-enaoToMAKiA /XuiiiAMENsin (,mgo 24). Figure 2. A„ „n,.,.,ally ,«rib.t .,a«t ..f the interior of the h,,1I. Figure 2. Lateral view of a cast MUUOHIBONIA (!()N8Tai(,TA (page 25). Figure 4. Hi^^^n with the to«t pn«orv.H]. Mhrohisonia ruKKiTiroHMrs, Hall. Var. (page 26) Figure 5. The .nost perfect «,.ei„H,n in the Survey collection. ' MUBCHI80NIA OONKADI, Hall (page 21). A stout form of this species, from Elora. MuRCHisoNiA MACEosPiRA, Hall (page 27). Figure 6. 7«. «-»«P-imenfromElora.withthewholeofthetestpr.erv. MUECHISONIA 80LUTA (page 28). Figure 8. Cast of the interior of the 8h«Il «f « • portion broken off "^ "'" '^'^'^' ^'"' "'« api'al 8«. Cast of the earlier whorls of the shell. McROHisoNrA. Sp. Undt. (page 29). '"^' 'Tr::ri;a^^:^r--intermeaiate.^^^^^^ # PA ■azoic FOss\ :,,.^ pr,-- irti lui.l umt, wliici, tin ty (pago 24). irior of tl.e sliell. l)"«o 24). go 25). ai-. (page 26). 'ey collection, age 21). a. [.ago 27). TOamoukloftheintorKir i hole of the test preserve.! i8). 1 species, with the aj.i.ai 29). re intermediate between lit m PLATE V. Tbyblidium Canadense (page 31). Figure 1. Caat of the interior, as seen from above, la. Lateral view of the same specimen. SoENEMiA coMOA (page 32). Figure 2. Summit view of a cast. 2a. Side view of the same. Btoania stigmoba, (?) Hall, (page 34). Figure 3. Side view of a cast. Sd tLJ ^"^^''^' ''"^"^"'•' '« »«"^ly subcarinattvl, and the aperture more expanded, as shown on plate 8, fig 4 Figure 4. Bcculiomphalus cmciNATUs (page 35). Figure 5. ^Lf * "" f .*^" '"**'"°'"' '■^«'" I^"^ham. The two grooves represented in this figure are too strongly define. 1 and they are entirely obsolete on the anterior half of tbo sp6ci niGn • Upper side of another cast, to show the septat,. character of th. commencement of the volution. » "t oi ino ''Ttion.''''"' "'" *^* ^'^°"''^' *" «''°^ "^« «»'''«'^ «™an,on- '"""shT netT;:' '^^?"^*""•' «*■ « transve^o section of tl,o Shape of a ransvorse 8«K,tion of the anterior end of ti,c volution IS given on plate 8, flg. 5. TBornocERAs Desplainense, McChosnoy, (page 3G). 4a. 4ft. 4c. "Ti^uCt!""'" '°"™"'»" •" ' ■'•"■"" ■»»'"" ■»'• rf I). 34). pe of the apertmre and usually subcarinatod , lown on plate 8, flg. 4. 15). 1 Durham. The two I too strongly definod, anterior half of the )ta,U' character of tlm he surface ornanioii- isverso section of tlw incorrect Tlie triu^ anterior end of tho :pago 36). . natural mould col- ?a:..«gzo;c fossils, vol.3 P IJ^TE V AHF;jord..Del.' ' 1 A M 'i »| 1 >J II « I i I I il ■■■' .-. - ■ ..n:!v: u.Lh ll i-'M Wihl IIM !!' PLATE VI. ^ A. feide view, taken from a buHu , • '^«- Smaller end , ,f tlm 'ransve^esectionTu^rp:-":"' "^ ^'""^ '''' -"'"« of a iirRfcE, Hall & Whitfield (page 39> '^'>"^"-'^- ''^IK.imen from „„ri.a,„ f„r .. ^ apecie. "'"'"' '"^^ -"'Parison with the preoeo })re(;o(ling "cimen, v,hU)h lUlclft wition of the pj:.jE02.nn: ro5-!--ii.n voi, -^ PLATE VI, 1^ . m w ■iT I i ■I: '^ ■ I PLATE VII, PHBA<,MooEaA.s Nkstok, Hull. Var Canadenhe, (pugo ;W). FiKnre 1. af«,.imon from Durham, witl. part of tl.o soptate ond pr..,erv«l. ^^ l«. f ast of tlm clmmlKjr of habitation, from Ilospolor. 1 ''. Aix^rture of the Ijwt 8iK3dmen, a« Heon from aJK,vo. PiiitAoMocEius I-ARVUM, Hall & Whitflold, (page 41). Figure 2. Caat of the d.amlx^r of habitation, from Hes,^,ler. KlIKYPTERUS B(»Yr,Kl (pilgo 42). Figure 3. Natural mou^l of the exterior of the species, from Elora. Anodontoi'sis concinna (page 12). Figure 4. Right valve of the ordinary form of the specioH. 4- KocatlOMPHALCS CIHOINATrs (pn^o 35) ^i^'^^. «-"-o^-ran«verse«.tionofth..hel,..rthea,.rt„. % I I w tho (lelti.iium a,„i 'ge 6). vo. )ago 7). saroa. 4). '•newhat expandwl ar the aixirture. VAd a ii