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Les diagrammee suivanta illuatrent la mAthoda. rata slure. 3 t2X 1 t 2 ' 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 '■"•WBiSBIBmp; iMMM + B" The Facts About the HUMBER PIGGERY During the late session of the Ontario Legislature, and for months before, the Opposition made charges against the Govern- ment in connection with the management of what has come to be known as the Humber piggery. For these charges there was not a scintilla of solid foundation, as developments have shown. The whole matter, from first to last, may be correctly summed up as follows : SOME ECONOMICAL REASONS. The piggery is located at the mouth of the Humber River, immediately adjoining the Toronto city limits, no piggeries beiug permitted to exist in the city. It is 13 feet above th^ level of Lake Ontario, and near the lake shore. It is built to accommo- date nearly 300 hogs, and is supplied with the refuse from the kitchens of the Toronto Asylum, Central Prison, and Mercer Reformatory. These institutions, combining inmates and em- ployees, have over 1,500 population. The quantity of refuse sent out from them daily is over two tons. It is established by the experience of Public Institutions in the United States and Canada that the refuse from them will maintain from 15 to 20 pigs for each 100 of the population. The refuse from the three institutions above named will feed from 225 to 800 pigs. Pigs well fed will increase in weight ordinar- ily one lb. per day, and the refuse from the three institutions is capable of being converted into 220 to 225 lbs. of pork per day. The piggery was five months in full operation in 1895, and al- though the business was charged with the expenses of the care- taker for the whole year, from the time he commenced to work on the building, and with other incidental expenses in starting, the piggery returned $200 to the institutions for the refuse, and a profit of $349.60 besides, or a gain in the two items of over $100 per month. From October, 1896, to July, 1896, when the cholera broke out, the piggery was running at a profit of over $2,000 a year as a result of having commenced to breed the pigs, the advantage, of course, of which was lost in the destruction of the pigs and of some portion of the buildings consequent upon the QutbFMk of disease. If i: ■ill :"M '^•" T^TT'in^yT' THE TOTAL COST. The piggery building originally cost $1,561 42, and the land $1,000, making the cost of land and building $2,561.42 The caretaker's house cost 1,123.65 Sinking well, clearing land, making roadway, lev- elling lot, and sewer-pipe, cost 532.80 Cost of land, piggery and caretaker's house as first occupied $4,217.87 The piggery was equipped with tanks to hold feed, span of horses, w&gon, sleigh, harness, horse- covers, furnace to boil feed, cans for hauling feed, hose and hand-tools, forning working plant. . . 56G.63 Cost of land and buildin^^ (including dwelling) and plant $*,784.50 Subsequently there has been expended for lumber and cedar-posts for outside pens in yard, high board fencing around lot, foundation to wind- miM and water-tank, including hardware 439.96 For windmill 166.50 Work in connection with the above and filling in and levelling the lot as necessary for the work ; and including cleaning and disinfecting premises after outbreak of cholera 987.84 Cost of dwelling-house, piggery, levelling land and - equipment at date of outbreak of cholera in 1896 $6,378.80 UNDER QUARANTINE. On the outbreak of cholera the premises were quarantined and taken under control of the Domiaion Inspector, Prof. Andrew Smith, V.S., who directed, under his authority as Dominion In- spector, what was to be done with the pigs and the action to be taken to cleanse and disinfect the premises. His directions were to kill all the pigs on the premises, to burn those showing signs of infection, and to dress those that did not appear to be miezi- ed — those dressed to be dent to cold storage at the Central Prison slaughter-house, where he, or his assistant. Prof. Sweet- apple, would inspect them, and if they passed inspection they were to be used. This was done ; they passed inspection, and permission was given to sell them, and they were sold. There were in all 203 pigs, and, out of these, 97 were dressed and passed inspection and sold. BASIS OF OPPOSITION CHAROEa Two brothers named Fred, and Wm. Newton, one of whom did the killing and the other of whom carted the dressed hogs to the cold storage house, testified before the Public Aocoonts Cbm- in the St VH ari noj it; mm wm mt mmm wmiii ^aK\ 8 mittee that every one of the h<^ were diseased and unfit for food. Wm. Newfon further stated that many of them had red spots upon them ; that he cut these out in the case of those sent to cold storage ; that he was first spoken to about it by one McKinnon, a discharged guard at the Central Prison, who told him if he would see a certain lawyer, who ultimately put him in contact with Mr. St. John, that there was " a good thing in it for him." He was silent about the matter for a year and a half, until approached by McKinnon, and for some time thereafter. Frank Dun and Thomas Whitehead, who helped with the kill- ins, testified the same. Thos. Smith, day laborer, who also helped them, testified he would not like to eat the meat. The men Newton represent themselves as wholesale butchers, the extent of their trade being to slaughter beef cattle, calves or sheep, as they could get the means to buy them, and to sell the dressed meat in the city. At the time they were employed to kill the pigs they had nothing to do. The two Newtons, a man and horse, worked at the piggery two days, demanded $25, and were paid $13, which they were not satistied to accept, and were known to have made threats that they would get even with Hunter, the Government butcher who paid them. In the means they took to get even we have their ptory, and the attempt to make political capital out of it. COMPLETE REFUTATION. Against the evidence of the two Newtons, Dun, Whitehead and the laborer Smith, is t'.e evidence of the following : Dominion Inspector Prof. Andrew Smith, of the Ontario Veter- inary College, that he gave directions to do just what was done in disposing of the pigs, and that it is contrary to all experience that cnolera will attack more than 60 per cent, of a herd ; Professor Sweetapple, assistant to rrof. Smith, that by Prof. Smith's instructions he inspected most carefully every dressed pig delivered at the cold storage, except four or five that had not arrived and that he was to go back to inspect, and that there was not a trace of disease to be seen, nor of any attempt made to hide it; that there was none, and he gave permission to sell them; Charles Moore, Government butcher, of 30 years' experience, employed at the Central Prison slaughter-house, that he saw every dressed pig as it was taken in, as it was his duty to take an account of the number, that, with Prof. Sweetapple, he exam- ined those delivered the first day ; that, on the second day. Prof. Sweetapple and Mr. Hunter, Government butcher, inspected all except the four or five referred to, that the next morning he examined every dressed pig as it was weighed after selling, and that there was not a trace of disease to be seen, nor of any attempt made to hide signs of disease ; that he inspected the four • or five hogs not inspected by Prof. Sweetapple and that they w^ perfectly healthy, and that he would eat the meat himself; i II s ti .i; \w dm mi m- Robert Hunter, Qoverninent butcher and cattle buyer, that he saw all the pigs delivered at the cold storage, inspected them with Prof. Sweetapple ; that cleaner and healthier dressed hogs could not Se found in the Toronto market, and that they bore no trace of disease ; William Harris, who purchased them, that he personally ex- amined every dressed pig, as he always does when buying; that he purchases on an average 500 dressed hogs a week the year round; that the pigs he bought at the cold storage were perfectly healthy and free from any disease, and that he paid the regular market price for them ; that he sold them to the butchers of the city, who come to his warehouse and make their selection ; that they made no complaint about them, and that he would eat the meat himself; Isaiah Warner, the caretaker of the piggery, that he was pre- sent and superintended the butchering, and that he saw all the dressed pigs that were sent, from the piggery to the cold storage, and that not one bore signs of disease, nor was there any cutting of parts to remove signs of disease ; that one choice pig of the herd he kept, retaining it on the premises, and it is still alive ; Henry and Robert Oster, who were present at the killing, and who were summoned as Mr. St. John's witnesses, but whom he refused to call, gave evidence flatly contradicting Whitehead's statements. All of these men positively swore that there were no spots upon the pigs, and not the slightest trace of any having been removed or cut out. The experts all agreed, too, that if the pigs had been affected by the cholera it would have been shown in the carcasses ; Mr. Joseph Featherston, M.P. for the County of Peel, the noted breeder of fine pigs, that he has twice had cholera in his herd ; that the first time it existed a long time in the herd before he knew what it was, and then he lost 50 per cent, of the herd ; that the second time, in the year of the Chicago Fair, he lost 25 per cent. I COMPLIANCE WITH BEGULATIONS. On an outbreak of cholera the Dominion regulations require that " the floorings, divisions and baseboards of the pens should be removed, and, with any loose boards with which the hogs had come in contact, burned. The surface earth or ground of the pens and yards should be removed to the depth of six inches. The removed earth and the pens and yards should then be covered with freshly slacked lime. In the case of the pens and the yards the lime covering should be covered over with fresh earth or gravel," and that " there shall be no report recommending the re- moval of the quarantine till they are satisfied that the disinfec- tion has been thoroughly done."