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INVENTOR'S HANUAL. 
 
 Valuable information to Inventors, Patentees 
 and others interested in matters rela- 
 ting to Patents, etc. 
 
 N. S.WRIGHT, 
 
 SOT ^niTOE OF AMESIOAN AND POBEIGN 
 
 — AND — 
 
 ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW 2 
 
 — IN — 
 
 Patent Causes, 
 
 82 Griswold Street, - HETROIT, MICH. 
 
 OPPOSITE THE P08T0FFICE. 
 
 Telephone No. 1754 
 
 Please Preserve this Manual for Future Use. 
 ruTjxnnnnjTJirLrinnnnjif injinnrtrinjin 
 
N. a WRIGHT, PATENT ATTORNEY, 
 
 Who Ma; Obtain a Patent. 
 
 ■ ^•» » 
 
 "Any Person who has invented or discovered 
 any new and useful artf machiney manufacture or 
 composition of m<itterj or any new and useful im- 
 fyrovement thereof^ not known or used by others in 
 this country, and not patented or described in any 
 printed publication in this or any foreign country 
 before his invention or discovery thereof, and not 
 in public use or on sale for more than two years 
 prior to his application, unless the same is proved 
 to have been abandoned, may upon payment of 
 the fees required by law, and other due proceed- 
 iogs had, obtain a patent therefor." 
 
 Revised Statutes, Sec. 4886. 
 
 United States patents are granted for the term of 
 17 years. 
 
 Importance of Protecting Inventions. 
 
 If an invention is worth anything it is worth 
 patenting. The great mass of the manufacturing 
 industries of the country are built up upon the 
 protection afforded by our patent system. An 
 invention has far more marketable value when the 
 protection of a patent is already secured, or steps 
 are taken to that end. 
 
 The cost of taking out a patent is small, as com- 
 pared with the value of the protection afforded 
 thereby. You should see that your rights in an 
 invention are protected at once. 
 
 If a party is dilatory in making an application 
 he may lose valuable interests. 
 
 Can you afford not to to put your invention immedi' 
 aidy into such shape i?iat it will be protected f 
 
ered 
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 82 GRISWOLD STREET, DETROIT, »IICH. 3 
 
 Where an invention possesses merit some party 
 can generally be secured to furnish the means, if 
 necessary, by conveying to him some share in the 
 patent or in its profits. This is very often done, 
 to the mutual advantage of both the parties. 
 
 Importance of Obtaining a Good Patent. 
 
 There is a vast difference in patents. Many are 
 utterly ^vorthless. 
 
 If the description is not sufficiently clear ; if the 
 claims are vague and indefinite and narrow the 
 patent will have little value. 
 
 A patent which fails properly to embody all 
 that the inventor is entitled to secure comes short 
 of affording to him that protection which is his 
 due. The courts have decided that a failure to 
 claim, in due form, what belongs rightly to the 
 inventor is "a dedication to the public of that 
 which is not claimed." 
 
 A failure to obtain a good patentf however, 
 where the inventor is entitled thereto, is utterly 
 needless. Whenever the invention is new and use- 
 ful a goodpitent may be obtained if the case is pro- 
 perly conducted. 
 
 A Reliable and Competent Attorney 
 
 Essential. 
 
 It will 'pay you to entrust your case to an honor- 
 able and skilled patent attorney. 
 
 The Patent Office advises this course. 
 
 " As the value of patents depends largely upon 
 the careful preparation of the specifications and 
 claims, the assistance of competent counsel will, 
 in most cases, be of advantage to the applicant ; 
 but the value of their services will be proportion- 
 ate to their skill and honesty, and too much care 
 cannot be exercised in their selection." 
 
 Bules of Practice in the U.8» Patent Office, No. 17. 
 
N. a WRIGHT, PATENT ATTORNEY, 
 
 No new matter can be embodied in the case after 
 it is filed. 
 
 If the description is defective in any particular 
 the invention will not be properly protected. 
 
 If the claims are not properly drawn the patent, 
 if granted, will be deficient, or valueless, as they 
 may be evaded or overthrown. 
 
 The proper preparation and prosecution of an 
 application for a patent demands a thorough 
 knowledge of patent law, decisions in patent cases, 
 methods of procedure, experience, care, and a con- 
 scientious regard for the interests of a client. 
 
 In view of the more recent rulings in regard to 
 Beissues it becomes a matter of utmost importance 
 so to prepare and prosecute a case in the first 
 instance that it shall need no reissue afterwards, 
 but will be able to stand the severest tests to which 
 it may be subjected. 
 
 This work should therefore always be entrusted 
 to a patent attorney who makes this work a spe- 
 cialty, and who has acquired the necessary experi- 
 ence and knowledge to do it well. 
 
 Having been for some years past engaged in 
 soliciting American and foreign patents, I can 
 offer my services with full assurance that any bus- 
 iness of this nature entrusted to me will be con- 
 ducted to the entire approval of my clients, and 
 that the rights to which they are entitled will be 
 fully guarded and protected. 
 
 Preliminary Examination. 
 
 Whether a particular device is new and patent- 
 able is a question which must be submitted to the 
 ultimate decision of the Patent Office. 
 
 But a preliminary examination can be made, if 
 the applicant desires, in the patents heretofore 
 granted by the United States in the class to which 
 a particular invention belongs. 
 
 If this examination discloses the invention to 
 Oe anticipated, the applicant will be saved further 
 cost. 
 
 
82 ORISWOLD STREET, DETROIT, MICH. 
 
 If this examination does not show the invention 
 to be anticipated the party may proceed with rea- 
 sonable expectations of success. 
 
 For this service my charge will be $5.00, to be 
 paid in advance. 
 
 How to Make an Application. 
 
 The necessary papers embraced in an applica* 
 tion are a written description of the invention, 
 accompanied with a (Statement of what the appli- 
 cant claims as his invention. Also a petition, 
 and an affidavit, together with drawings illus- 
 trating the invention in every case that admits of 
 a drawing. 
 
 Where a personal interview can be had the 
 whole matter can be speedily arranged. Such an 
 interview, however, is not essential. You may 
 send to me a. drawing or print of the invention, or 
 a model, prepaid. A rough pencil sketch will 
 answer, if it gives, in sufficient detail, the specific 
 features of the invertion, so as to enable me to 
 have accurate drawings prepared in conformity to 
 the requirements of the Patent Office. Send also 
 a description of your invention as full as you are 
 able to make. 
 
 On receipt of this information I can prepare the 
 application and send the same to you for your sig- 
 nature and affidavit. 
 
 On return of the papers any additions or altera- 
 tions can be made, if desired, before they are sent 
 to the Patent Office. 
 
 The following is the cost of an ordinary appli- 
 cation in the United States : 
 
 First Government fee $15 00 
 
 Drawings, per sheet 5 00 
 
 Attorney's fees 25 00 
 
 $45 00 
 
6 
 
 N. 8. WRIGHT. PATENT ATTORNEY, 
 
 This embraces the entire cost of prosecuting the 
 case before the examiner of the claFS to whicli it 
 belongs, and is payable when the papers are ready 
 to be sent to Washington. 
 
 After allowance, and within six months of the 
 date thereof, a further final Government fee is 
 payable of $20.00 ; making a total in all ordinary 
 cases of $65.00. 
 
 Where more than one sheet of drawings will be 
 required, or the case is particularly intricate and 
 difficult, an additional charge will be made accord- 
 ingly, but will be always determined and agreed 
 upon at the outset, so that the applicant may 
 know just what expenses to expect. 
 
 My charges will always be as low as good work 
 can be secured for anywhere. 
 
 Who Makes the Application. 
 
 In all cases the inventor must sign the applica- 
 tion if the matter be the invention of a single 
 individual. 
 
 Where two or more parties are joint inventors, 
 all must sign the application. A person not an 
 inventor can only obtain an interest in the patent 
 by a proper assignment. 
 
 Models, 
 
 As a rule models are not required by the U. S. 
 1 itent Office, but may be called for after the case 
 is filed, if deemed ne« essary to the better under- 
 standing of the invention. 
 
 Composition of Matter. 
 
 Medicinal and other compounds involving inven- 
 tion or discovery may be patented. The appli- 
 cant in such case, if required by the Commis- 
 sioner, must furnish specimens of the composition, 
 and of its ingredients. 
 
82 GRI8W0LD 81 UEET, DETROIT, MICH. 
 
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 As no drawing is required my charge for such 
 an application will be $5.00 less than for a mechan- 
 ical patent. 
 
 Amendments. 
 
 In the prosecution of the application should the 
 Patent Office report adversely, a skillful attorney 
 will, in most cases, be able so to amend, and again 
 present the case, with written and oral arguments 
 if necessary, that the objection made will be over- 
 come and the application allowed. To accomplish 
 this end and still protect the applicant's interests 
 in the fullest possible measure, being careful not to 
 surrender any right to which the applicant is enti- 
 tled, but to contest every point affording advantage 
 in his favor, and maintain all his rights in valid 
 form, often requires more skill and care than the 
 original preparation of the case. An unskilled 
 attorney, or one not watchful and conscientious to 
 guard his client's interests, may easily, wittingly or 
 unwittingly, sacrifice important features of the 
 invention. 
 
 No effort, however, will be spared upon my part 
 to secure an allowance, in the oest possible shape, 
 of all to which the applicant is entitled, and anjr 
 necessary amendment will be made without addi- 
 tional charge to the applicant. 
 
 Personal Attention in the Patent Office. 
 
 I have one of the most thoroughly competent 
 attorneys in Washington associated with me in 
 my soliciting business, whose personal attention is 
 given to every case ri^ht upon the ground, so that 
 my clients' interests will be faithfully and carefully 
 attended to in every way. 
 
 The Progress of the Case. 
 
 I shall be ready at all times to give the appli- 
 cant full information as to what is being done in 
 
8 N. 8. WRIGHT. PATENT ATTORNEY, 
 
 the prosecution of the case, so that he may know, 
 whenever he desires, just what the condition of 
 his case is. 
 
 Appeals. 
 
 If an applicant is not satisfied with the actior 
 of the examiner having charge of his case, vari- 
 ous appeals may be taken. In the great majority 
 of cases such a step is found unnecessary. 
 
 For taking and conducting an appeal an addi- 
 tional charge will be made, dependent upon the 
 nature of the appeal and the labor involved. 
 
 No such step will be taken without previous 
 direction of the applicant, and the cost definitely 
 understood and agreed upon, so that he will he 
 involved in no expense thereby unawares. 
 
 Interferences. 
 
 Where two or more persons are found in the 
 Patent Office with applications laying claim to the 
 same invention, or where an applicant finds that a 
 patent has already been granted covering his in- 
 vention, interference proceedings may be instituted 
 to give opportunity to the new applicant to prove 
 that he was the ^rst inventor and entitled to a 
 patent. 
 
 Such matters will be carefully conducted. 
 
 The cost will be according to the labor involved. 
 
 Bejected Cases. 
 
 Many cases which stand rejected by the Patent 
 Office are in such condition for informalities and 
 other causes which may be removed by more skill- 
 ful treatment in its prosecution. 
 
 My experience and facilities are such that I will 
 still undertake to secure an allowance, and am 
 willing to undertake such a case with only a nomi- 
 n':l charge unUaa J fuceeed* To get access to the 
 
 I 
 I 
 
82 QRI8W0LD STREET, DETROIT, MICH. 
 
 f 
 
 caHe BO that I may look into its condition and give 
 it attention, I shall need a power of attorney as 
 follows: 
 
 Hon, Oommianoner oj Patenttti 
 
 Sir: — I hereby appoint Newell S. WRionr, of 
 Detroit, Mich., as my attorney in the matter of my 
 
 application for Letters Patent filed 
 
 Serial No for an improvement in 
 
 with full power in the premiscH, and herewith 
 revoke all powers of attorney heretofore given in 
 said application. 
 
 Signed at — 
 
 this day of 188 
 
 Send me with this power of attorney $5.00 for 
 the expense involved in my getting up the case, 
 and I will give the matter my most careful atten- 
 tion without any further charge unless I succeed in 
 securing an allowance of the application. If I am 
 successful in obtaining an allowance you are to pay 
 me a further fee, to be agreed upon when I learn 
 the condition and nature of the case. 
 
 If it is possible for skill and careful attention to 
 win your case rest assured that 1 can secure that 
 end in your behalf. 
 
 Beissues. 
 
 Where a patent is found partially or wholly 
 invalid, an application may be filed for a reissue. 
 
 To procure a valid and competent reissue, under 
 the more recent decisions of the Courts, requires 
 that the application be prepared and handled with 
 the utmost care and skill. 
 
 Such a matter should also be attended to 
 promptly, lest your right to a reissue be lost by 
 reason of too long delay. 
 
 Should you find such a step desirable, please 
 communicate with me and I will advise you 
 promptly what course to pursue. 
 
10 
 
 N. 8. WRIGHT, PATENT ATTORNEY, 
 
 The Government fee in such a case is |30.00. 
 My fee in ordinary cases will be $50.00; total 
 $80.00, all payable in advance. 
 
 Caveats. 
 
 To guard against having your rights jeopardized 
 because of delay in filing an application for a pat- 
 ent, it is often advisable to file a caveat, setting 
 forth the invention. 
 
 A caveat may be filed for an incompleted inven- 
 tion if desired. 
 
 Such a course affords evidence as to date of 
 invention, gives time to complete or test the inven- 
 tion, and will give opportunity to contest the appli- 
 cation of anotlier party for the same invention 
 while the caveat is in force. 
 
 The Government fee is $10 00 
 
 Ordinary Attorney's fee and cost of drawing 15 00 
 
 Total $25 00 
 
 A caveat is operative for the period of one year, 
 and may be renewed. 
 
 Design Patents. 
 
 Design patents are granted for new and original 
 designs, impressions, ornaments, patterns, prints, 
 shapes, etc., for various articles of manufacture^ 
 
 They are often very valuable, affording great 
 protection, where a mechanical patent cannot be 
 obtained. 
 
 The laws are very liberal to applicants for pat- 
 ents of this class. 
 
 They are granted for diflferent terms, as the 
 applicant may choose. The Government fees for 
 the several terms are as follows: 
 
 For 3 J years '. '- .$10 00 
 
 " 7 " 15 00 
 
 " 14 " 30 00 
 
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 ^ 
 
 82 GRISWOLD STREET, DETROIT, MICH. 11 
 
 My charge in ordinary cases is $20.00. When 
 I furnish a drawing of the design my charge will 
 be $5.00 additional. 
 
 If you have prints of the design send me a dozen 
 copies. 
 
 Trade Marks. 
 
 Trade marks constitute a very important item of 
 business success and should be registered in the 
 Patent Office. 
 
 They remain in force for 30 years and may be 
 renewed for 30 years more. 
 
 An examination can be speedily made, if desired, 
 to see if a certain trf*.de-mark has already been 
 registered as applied to a particular branch of busi- 
 ness, at a cost of $5.00, payable in advance. 
 
 The Government fee is $25 00 
 
 My charge is — 15 00 
 
 Total $40 00 
 
 I should be furnished, when practicable, with 
 12 fac similes of the trade mark. 
 
 In case I am required to furnish a drawing of 
 the same an additional charge of $5.00 will be 
 made. 
 
 Prints and Labels. 
 
 Prints and labels designed to be used upon man- 
 ufactured articles, packages, boxes, bottles, etc., 
 should be registered in the Patent Office. Such a 
 registration holds good for 28 years. 
 
 Government and Attorney's fee, $15.00. 
 
 I should be furnished with 12 copies of the label. 
 
 00 
 00 
 00 
 
 Copyrights. 
 
 To be valid copyright matter must in all cases 
 be registered before publication. 
 
12 
 
 N. S. WRIGHT, PATENT ATTORNEY, 
 
 The term of the registry is 28 years and may be 
 renewed for 14 years more. Total cost, $5.00. 
 
 Send me a printed copy of the title of your pro- 
 duction ; or if a painting, drawing, statuary, 
 chromo, model, design for a work of art, etc., send 
 me a copy or description of the same. 
 
 Abstracts of Title. 
 
 To ascertain the present ownership of a patent 
 I can procure for you an official abstract of title 
 from the Patent Office. 
 
 -' 
 
 Assignments, Licenses, Contracts, Etc. 
 
 An inventor may transfer a part or the whole 
 interest in his patent, either before or after the 
 patent issues, also various interests under his pat- 
 ent. 
 
 The preparation of such instruments should be 
 intrusted in all cases to a thoroughly competent 
 patent attorney. . 
 
 Valuable interests are often imperiled for lack 
 of skill and experience in drawing up such papers. 
 
 Trade marks, labels and copyrights may also be 
 assigned. The assignment should always be re- 
 corded. 
 
 
 Copies of Patents, Etc. 
 
 Copies of the drawings and specifications of pat- 
 entS) so far as the same have been printed, can be 
 furnished for 25 cents each. The money should 
 accompany the order. Written copies of other 
 patents, and copies of assignments furnished on 
 reasonable terms. 
 
82 ORI8W0LD STREET, DETROIT. MICH. 13 
 
 Canadian Patents. 
 
 The intimate and close relations of Canada with 
 the United States afford valuable facilities to pat- 
 entees. 
 
 Patents are granted for 15 years, but the Gov- 
 ernment fees may be paid for terms of 5 years 
 each, which is the customary manner. 
 
 Application must be filed within twelve months 
 of the date of any foreign patent, if any such a 
 patent has been granted. 
 
 It is important, however, to file the application 
 at an early date, as a party may lose important 
 advantages by delay. 
 
 The Government fee for the first term is— $20 00 
 
 Drawings, per sheet 5 00 
 
 Attorney's fee 20 00 
 
 Total in ordinary cases $45 00 
 
 A model is required, which should not exceed 
 12 inches in any dimension. The model need not 
 accompany the application, but may be filed after 
 the application has been granted. 
 
 on 
 
 Other Foreign Patents. 
 
 1 have the best of facilities and arrangements 
 for obtaining patents in all foreign countries, grant- 
 ing the same, and am prepared to do so on the 
 most reasonable terms. 
 
 If you desire a foreign patent you will find it 
 for your advantage to call upon, or communicate 
 with me in regard to it. 
 
 Such applicants sliould seek advice at once, as 
 they may forfeit valuable interests unless the mat- 
 ter is seasonably and promptly attended to. 
 
 Full information and terms given upon applica- 
 tion. 
 
14 
 
 N. S. WRIGHT, PATENT ATTOBNEY, 
 
 The United States Government having declared 
 its accession to the International Union for the 
 Protection of Industrial Property, embracing sev- 
 eral foreign nations, important privileges of a pro- 
 visional and temporary nature are now afforded to 
 inventors in all the other contracting States of said 
 Union. 
 
 Legal Opinions. 
 
 To give a reliable opinion on questions of 
 infringement, the validity of patents, and anal- 
 agous matters requires accurate knowledge, careful 
 search and skillful examination. Patentees and 
 manufacturers will often find it exceedingly import- 
 ant to obtain such an opinion before making any 
 heavy expenditure in developing a business based 
 upon patents, and in taking steps for their protec- 
 tion therein. 
 
 My opinion will always be candid and impartial, 
 as the facts may indicate. No fixed charge there- 
 for can be named. 
 
 Infringement Suits. 
 
 Any case of this nature, for protection, for 
 recovery of profits and damages, etc., will be 
 carefully prosecuted in the United States Courts. 
 
 A personal interview will usually be desirable. 
 
 In such cases a retainer fee will be required, 
 and a reasonable charge made for services involved . 
 
82 GRI8W0LD STREET, DETROIT, MICH. 15 
 
 REFERENCES. 
 
 As this manual is designed for wide 
 circulation and will therefore be likely to 
 reach many who are personally unac- 
 quainted with me, I shall be glad to name, 
 when practicable, parties in the section 
 where the applicant resides who can speak 
 from experience as to my services. A long 
 printed list of names is unnecessary. I 
 take pleasure, however, in mentioning, by 
 permission, just a few references, which 
 will amply suffice as to my standing and 
 character, viz: 
 
 Wells W. Leggett, Esq., 
 
 The Commercial National Bank, 
 
 Michigan Malleable Iron Company, 
 
 Farrand & Votey Organ Co., 
 
 Michigan Wire and Iron Works, 
 
 Detroit Patent Brush Co. 
 
 Detroit Electric Tower Co., • 
 
 Romeo Door Hanger Co., 
 
 Clark Waggoner Esq., 
 
 Arthur Phinney, Esq., 
 
 Editor American Artisan, - 
 
 J. B. Dow, Esq., 
 
 Detroit, Mich. 
 u 
 
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 Bomeo, 
 
 - Toledo, Ohio, 
 Sandusky, 
 
 - Chicago, 111. 
 Beloit, Wis. 
 
LuuuinjijuirinnnAnJVinxinjvnjiAnninjm 
 
 Patent Soliciting and Patent Law. 
 
 Prompt and careful attention given 
 to all inquiries. 
 
 Information in regard to obtaining a 
 patent furnished without charge. 
 
 Correspondence and personal inter- 
 views solicited. 
 
 Call upon or address 
 
 N. SWRIOHT, 
 
 82 Grlswold St., 
 
 DETROIT, MICH. 
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