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c3(D^IS'^^a.33 
 
 OF 
 
 A VOYAGE OF DISCOVERY 
 
 TO THE 
 
 POliAR REGIONS, 
 
 In the Year 182t, 
 
 IN HIS MAJESTY'S SHIP, GRIPEU, 
 C. F. LYON, CAfTAiK. 
 
 WITH 
 
 A PARTICULAR ACCOUNT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 
 DURING THAT PERILOUS VOYAGE. 
 
 By JOHN PATON, 
 
 A Naiive ofPuislei,, who accompanied Capt. Lyon in thatExpi-dHiov. 
 
 rAISLEYt 
 
 PRINTED rOR TIIK AUTHOR, BY J. FRASER. 
 ,0M. UV ... W.IB, R. SMITH, T. AftD, A5D T. DICK, fAl^LKY } 
 Ayu J* CAMEROy, AND J. M'VEAK, GLASUOW. 
 
/;^^^^x 
 

 IWli I iil»<ir»lii»» -nm 
 
 UroN account of the general interest shown 
 by the public, respecting the several attempts 
 made to discc^er a northern passage, it is 
 presumed the following Journal, kept on board 
 the Griper, will not be an unacceptable addition 
 to what has already been advanced on the 
 subject. It is well known that Captain Lyon 
 sailed in the above ship on the 10th of June 
 last, in order to effect a passage into Re- 
 pulse Bay, The vessel seems to have been 
 quite unfit for the hazardous attempt ; conse- 
 quently the hands on board were exposed to a 
 series of hardships and sufferings, which the 
 cool and collected mind, while it admires the 
 conrage and bravery of the sufferers, regret* 
 that the hardy seaman should be so exposed, 
 m a project which held out no allurements, 
 cither for the advantages of commerce, or the 
 improvement of the solitary inhabitants of such 
 an inhospitable clinic It is philosophy alone 
 that can assist with eagerness the sc*^nty addi- 
 
 !!^ 
 
vm 
 
 S 
 
 tlon to science which the phenomena of the 
 northern regions exhibit to the wondering 
 sailor. The contemplative mind, on taking a 
 view of the awfully grand appearance of the 
 polar regions, encompassed with islands of 
 floating ice, and suffering under the influence 
 of perpetual frost, must admire with w^onder 
 the goodness of the Almighty Author of nature, 
 who, in the midst of this seemingly waste of 
 creation, has nevertheless fitted its wondering 
 iniiabitants with the means of happiness, and 
 blessed them with humble content. They, 
 however, seem to have no religion, save that 
 of belief in a future state, as there are some 
 among them who pretend to have the gift of 
 foretelling future events. 
 
 The following simple narrative giVes an mi- 
 embellished yet correct account of the voyage. 
 A number of incidents were intended to have 
 been inserted, illustrative of the voyage ; but 
 the author, by profession a seaman, and not fur- 
 nished with the means of remaining long at 
 home, was obliged to go again to sea before he 
 had fully completeil his purpose. It is h(5wcver 
 hoped his impartial and strict regard to truth 
 will furnish a sufficient apology to the interest- 
 ed and candid reader. 
 
JOURNAL, &e. 
 
 
 Thursday, June 10, 1824. At 8 o'clock a. m. 
 the orders came on board to be ready to sail at 
 9. At 9 o'clock A. M. His Majesty's Ship 
 Griper cast off from the Chatham Hulk, 
 lying at Deptford, and was taken in tow by the 
 Earl of Liverpool Steam Yacht, which pro- 
 ceeded with the Griper as far as Green-Hive, 
 where we let go our anchor. 
 
 Friday, June 11. All hands employed 
 swinging the ship to try the compasses. At 
 X)' clock p. M. hove up the anchor and raade the 
 ship fast to the buoy.. 
 
 Saturday, June 12. Cast the ship off frorii 
 the buoy, and made sail. At 6 o'clock p. m, 
 brought ship to anchor in sea reach. 
 
 B 
 
 \c\ 
 
10 
 
 Sunday, June 13. At 3 o'clock a. m. hove 
 up our anchor and proceeded to the Nore. At 7 
 o'clock A. M. brought ship to anchor off the 
 Nore light. Handed topgallant sails and 
 royals; hauled the courses up, and lowered 
 down the top-sails. At 9 o'clock a. m. hove 
 v.p the anchor, and brought to anchor at the 
 little Nore, and furled sails. 
 
 Monday, June 14. First part, rainy wea- 
 ther and strong winds; sent down royal yards; 
 iwinds variable. 
 
 Tuesday, June 15. First and middle part, 
 fitrong winds and rain; the latter part more 
 moderate. 
 
 Wednesday, June 16. First part, moderate 
 weather. At 1 1 o'clock A. m. paid ship. At 
 2 o'clock p. M. weighed anchor and made sail. 
 At 9 o'clock p. M. brought ship to anchor in 
 Shoe Hole; handed sails and set the watch, 
 
 Thursday, June 17. First part, fresh 
 breezes; sent down topgallant yards. Middle 
 and kttcF part, more moderate. 
 
 Friday, June 18. Moderate weather. At 4? 
 •o'clock A. M. hove up the anchor, and made 
 
11 
 
 sail; sent up topgallant and royal yards; set 
 the sails; let the reefs out the topsails. At 2^ 
 o'clock p. M. brought ship to anchor off the 
 Gun Fleet Beacon. At 4? o'clock p. m, the 
 wind hauled round to the south; we weighed 
 anchor, and made sail. At 5 o'clock p- m. set 
 the fore and main topmast and topgallant stud- 
 ding sails. H. M. S. Snap in company, which 
 is going with us as far as the first ice, carrying 
 part of our stores and provisions. 
 
 Saturday, June 19. First part, ^' ' " aids 
 from the southward; took in studdi) "^ w 
 
 and aloft, and hauled into St. Nicln 
 way. At half-past 7 o'clock a. m. Ci. 
 ship to anchor abreast of the monument, Yar- 
 moutli Roads, in company with the Snap. At 
 9 o'clock A. M. weighed anchor and ran out of 
 the cockles, with studding sails set low and 
 aloft; the people employed stowing the anchors; 
 the wind south-west. 
 
 Sunday, June 20. First part, light breezes 
 with showers of rain; ia company with the 
 Snap. Middle part, same weather, wind s. by 
 £., studding sails set on both sides. Latter 
 
n 
 
 12 
 
 part, same weather; the wind hauled more to 
 the eastward; took in the larboarc' studding 
 sails, the wind varying j down all studding 
 sails. 
 
 Monday, June 2Ui., First part, cuhn ; lower- 
 ed two boats down to tow the ship. At 2 
 o'clock p. M., liglit breezes from the n. w.; 
 lowered down two boats and went on board a 
 iishing smack, and got some fish for the messes. 
 Latter part, same weather. At 9 o'clock p. m. 
 tacked ship to the n. westward. Winds 
 variable. 
 
 Tuesday, June 22. First part, light breezes 
 from the n. n. e. At 8 o'clock a. m. tacked 
 ship to tlie N. eastward off Whitby; the people 
 employed scrubbing hammocks. At 10 o'clock 
 A, 31. tacked ship to the northward ; winds e. n.e. 
 At 1 1 o'clock p. M. took in staysails, royals, and 
 flying jib, and sent dv A^n royal yards. At 12 
 midnight tacked ship to the eastward off Sun- 
 <lerland. Winds variable. 
 
 Wednesday, June 23. First part, frejh 
 breezes. At 2 o'clock a. m. tacked ship to the 
 N. westward. At (I o'clock a. m. discharged 
 
m^mmmmimmmsmmr'^- 
 
 w.; 
 
 13 
 
 the North-sea pilot, and sent liim on bhore 
 with a North-Shields pilot boat. At 9 o'clock 
 A. M. tacked sl^ip to the eastward. At 11 
 o'clock A. M. tacked ship to the n. westward. 
 At 3 o'clock P. M. tacked ship to the eastward^ 
 close in with Simderlaiid; ship standing off and 
 CA to advantage. 
 
 Thursday, June2i. First part, fresh breezes; 
 took in the royals. At 3 o'clock a. m. tackeci 
 ship Oif Tynemouth. At 10 o'clock A. M. the 
 breeze freshening, took one reef in each top- 
 sail; ship still standing off and on to the best 
 advantage. Winds N. n. w. 
 
 Friday, June 25. First and middle part 
 calm. At 3 o'clock p. m. showers of rain; still 
 in coinpany with the Snap. The latter part, 
 same weather. . 
 
 Saturday, June 26. First and middle part, 
 calm. At 3 o'clock p. m. light airs from the 
 8. E, A boat came off from Newbiiygan with 
 Lord Dacares to visit the Captain, and see tlie 
 ship; studding sails set low and aloft. 
 
 Sunday, June 27. First part, light airs from 
 the s. eastward. At 5 o'clock a. u, the breeze 
 
 B 2 
 
i .V 
 
 14 
 
 fresl'iened from tTi2 s. s, £.; set the larboard 
 main topgallant studding sail. 
 
 Monday, June 28. First part, fresh breezes 
 irom the s. s. e. witli showers of rain. Mid- 
 dle and latter part, same weather. 
 
 Tuesday, June 29. First part, fresh breezes 
 from the s. s. e. At 9 o'clock a. m. the Snap 
 parted company, with our first lieutenant, Mr 
 Manico, on board of her, making the best of 
 her way for Strom ness, to get matters arran- 
 ged for us by the time we arrived, that we 
 jyiight put off as little time as possible there. 
 At 6 o'clock p. M. we made the Caithness land 
 out quite plain. Half-past 7, got a pilot on 
 board from Wick. At 9 o'clock, thick wea- 
 ther; down all studding sails, and hauled tiie 
 ship by the wind on the starboard tack. Half- 
 past 10, tacked ship to the westward; stowed 
 topgallant sails, double reefled the main top- 
 sail and single reeffed the fore topsail; down 
 royal yards, and struck the masts. At 15 min- 
 utes past 11, less wind; set the topgallant sails 
 again. 
 
 Wednesday, June 30. First part, diick wea- 
 
 . 1 . 
 

 15 
 
 tber, with light airs of wind. At 1 o'clock a. m. 
 tacked ship in five fathoms water, under Ness- 
 Head. At 15 minutes past 10, clued all sails 
 up, and brought the ship to anchor in 14? fath- 
 oms water, under Ness Head. At 1 o'clock 
 r. M. clear weather ; got under weigh, and ran 
 through the Pentland Frith. At 11 o'clock 
 brought ship to anchor, at the back of the 
 Holms, Stromness. 
 
 Thursday, July 1. First part, light breeze* 
 from the eastward; the people employed vari- 
 ously. Some of the inhabitants of the Orkney 
 Isles brought off some stockings, mittens, night- 
 caps, and various other articles, which we pur- 
 chased, they being very cheap In these islands ; 
 we also got a good supply of water at these 
 islands. 
 
 Friday, July 2. I'irst part, fresh breezes 
 from the eastward. At 4> o'clock a. m. all 
 hands employed picking potatoes; finished 
 at 8 o'clock. Middle and latter part, sanw 
 weather; the people employed getting on board 
 two horses, and watering ship. 
 
 Saturday, July 3. First part, light airs from 
 
 u 
 
 i,« 
 
16 
 
 the N. E. At half-past 2 o'clock i. m. the pilot 
 caine on board; hove short, set the sails, 
 ^veighed anchor, and ran out of the Hoy 
 Sound. At 3, discharged the pilot, stowed 
 the anchors, and unbended the cables. Wind 
 N. E. by N. took our departure from Hoy 
 Head,' lat. oS^ 57', long. 30 25'. Set stud- 
 ding sails. At 10 o'clock a. m. same weather; 
 made a signal for the Snap to takr- us in tow, 
 shortened sail, and hove both ships too, made 
 a hauser fast, kept the ship in her course, made 
 sail, and set studding sails. At 6 o'clock r. h. 
 fresh breezes; took in all studding sails, double 
 reefFed the topsail, and set the topgallant sails 
 over them ; sent the royal yards and ma«t down 
 on deck. 
 
 Sunday, July 4. First part, fresh breezes 
 and clear weather. At 4 o'clock a. m. the Snap 
 liove in the wind, which deadened her way, and 
 we ran close under her stern, let go the hauser, 
 and let our vessel come round on her heel, to 
 ^ keep dear of the Snap. At 6 o'clock a. m. let 
 a reef out of each topsail. 
 
 Mouday. July 5. Fir»t part, light winds 
 
17 
 
 fi'om the N. E. Sent up the royal masts and 
 yards. At 8 o'clock a. m. a steady breeze ; 
 taken in tow by the Snap, set royals, and stud- 
 ding sails, low and aloft. Latter part, same 
 weather; the people employed variously by the 
 Boatswain. At 4 o'clock p. M. the Snap damag- 
 ed her rudder ; cast off the tow-line, and hove 
 too to repair damages. We still continued on 
 
 our course. 
 
 Tuesday, July 6. First part, light breezes 
 from the s. e. At 8 o'clock a. bi. the Snap, hav- 
 ing repaired damages, again took us in tow. 
 Middle part, same weather; wind s. w., took 
 in the starboard studding sails. Latter part, 
 fresh breezes. 
 
 Wednesday, July 7. First part, fresh 
 breezes from the s. westward. At 8 o'clock a. m. 
 the wii.d hauled round to the s. s. e. Set the 
 starboard main topmast studding sail. Samo 
 weather to the end. 
 
 Thin-sday, July 8. First part, fre^h breezes 
 from the s. eastward, with cloudy weather, and 
 small rain. At 9 o'clock a. m. the watch below 
 employed clearing the main-hold, and making 
 
 til 
 
IS 
 
 a tent for the travelling paily, out of water- 
 proof canvass. Latter part, same weather j 
 still in tow by the Snap. Wind e. n. e. 
 
 Friday, July 9. First part, fresh breezes 
 from the w. n. e. At 3 o'clock a. m. handed 
 topgallant sails, sent down the royal yards, 
 struck the royal masts, and double reeffed thq 
 topsails. At 7 o'clock a. m. the towing hauser 
 broke. At half-past 7, more moderate; set 
 the topgallant sails; the people employed spli- 
 cing eyes in hausers for the ice anchors, and 
 making tents. Latter part, same weaiher.. 
 
 Saturday, July lo. First part, fresh breezes 
 from N. N. E. with showers of rain, and thick 
 weather. Spoke the Snap. Middle part, 
 same weather, wind variable. Latter part, 
 strong breezes; double reefled the topsails,' 
 lianded the topgallant sails, and sent the royal 
 yards down on deck. 
 
 Sunday, July 11. First part, fresli breezes 
 from the northward, with cloudy weather. At 
 4 o'clock A. M. a strong head sea; rove straps 
 in the hause holes, and set the runners and 
 tackels up to support the foremast. At 1 1 a. m.' 
 
 
19 
 
 
 Strong breezes; took another reef in the top- 
 sails. 
 
 Monday, July 12. First part, more mode- 
 rate, and clear weather. Let two reefs out of 
 each topsail, and set the topgallant sails. Sent 
 the royal masts and yards up. Middle and 
 latter part, sams weather; the people employed 
 variously. The Snap still in company. 
 
 Tuesday, July 13. First part, light breezes. 
 Middle part same weather. At 10 o'clock a. m. 
 served out a fur blanket to every officer and 
 man on board. Latter part, weather continued 
 the same. 
 
 Wednesday, July H. First part, calm and 
 clean At 3 o'clock a. m. a breeze sprung up 
 from the 8. s. e.; set ftudding sails low and 
 aloft. At 10 a. m. served out to every officer 
 and man in the ship, one pee jacket, one short 
 jacket, one pair of trowsers, one pair of draw- 
 ers, one pair of cloth boots, one pair water 
 bootf, one red flannel shirt, one Scotch cap, 
 one Welch wig, one comforter, one pair of 
 mittens, one pair of stockings. At 12 noon, the 
 wind came to the n. e.; taken in tow by the 
 
20 
 
 Snap. At 2 P. M. strong breezes ; double reef- 
 fed the topsails, handed tlie topgallant sails, 
 pent down royal yards and masts, cast off from 
 the Snap, and close reeifed the topsails. Strong 
 gales from the n. n. e. 
 
 Thursday, July 15. First, middle, and lat- 
 ter part, strong gales throughout. 
 
 Friday, July 1 6. Weather in first, middle, 
 and latter part, the same as yesterday. 
 
 Saturday, July 1 7. First part, strong gales. 
 At 3 o'clock p. M.- it looked very black, and 
 a heavy squall came on, with rain; the sea run 
 very high, which caused us to batten down all 
 our hatchways, and hand all our square sails ; 
 we then set our storm try sails, sent down 
 topgallant yards and masts, sent all small sails 
 out the tops ; shipping a great deal of water. 
 At 7 P. M. tlie gale abated, the sea still run- 
 ning very high. At 9 p. m. we set tlie close 
 reeffed topsails; at 10, set the courses. Latter 
 part, fine weatlier, and tlie sea gone down. 
 
 Sunday, July U. First, middle, and latter 
 part, fine weather. At noon, by observation, 
 «7® 65^ K. lat 37° 29' w. long. 
 
21 
 
 Monday, July 19. First part, fine weather. 
 A scale of the allowance of provisions was 
 placed in the mess deck, viz. per week, 4 lb. of 
 bread; 3J lb. flour; 2 lb. corn beef; 1 pound 
 salt pork; 1^ lb. preserved meat; 1 pint vegeta- 
 ble soup; 1^ pints pease; 12 oz. sugar; 6 oz. 
 cocoa ; 8 oz. pickles; 6 oz. lime or lemon juice, 
 and 6 oz. sugar allowed to the lime juice. We 
 Ijad also a quantity of vinegar allowed us; and, 
 lastly, 3 J pints of rum. This is^the allowance 
 for each man per week, until the 1st day of 
 October, when frozen in amongst the ice, when 
 tea is to b« issued out, and a shorter allowance 
 of provisions will be served out to us after that 
 date, till Spring. 
 
 Tuesday, July 20. Commences with strong 
 breezes, thick fogs, and rain. Middle part, 
 same weather ; latter part, more moderate and 
 clear. A few sheep (which came on board 
 freip the Snap,) were killed, and served out to 
 messes^ I omitted to mention, that the time 
 we lay at the Orkneys, was employed in taking 
 on . board live stock, as well as water. The 
 Snap took on board two cows, and a few sheep 
 
l4: 
 
 
 22 
 
 for us; and we also took a number of p,Vs and 
 fowls on board, for the officers, and a" great 
 quantity of eggs, which are very cheap in those 
 islands. 
 
 Wednesday. July 21. Commences with a 
 fine breeze. Saw something afloat upon the 
 water, at a small distance from the ship; lower- 
 ed a boat down to pick it up;_the boat re- 
 turned, but could not find It. Latter part 
 Strong breezes, with fogs and rain. ' 
 
 Thursday, July 22. Commences with strong 
 freezes; the people employed variously. Mid! 
 die and latter part, same weather. 
 
 Friday, July 23. Commences with strong, 
 breezes and foggy weather. Middle part the 
 same ; but the latter part, more moderate. The 
 people employed at sundry jobs. 
 
 Saturday. July 2*. Commences with strong 
 brewes, and hazy weather. At S o'clock p. „ 
 tW Snap lost her main topmast. Middle and 
 tetter part, more moderate. At 1 Z o'cloek, the 
 wealiM became a liule clear. Observation. 
 
 ««nd«y, Jul^ 25. Commence, with fresh 
 
 tljiiwi-iiiiini 
 
23 
 
 breezes, and hazy weather. Middle and latter 
 part, the same. 
 
 Monday, July 26. Commences with mode- 
 rate breezes and clear weather ; the people em- 
 ployed variously. Middle and latter part, same 
 weather. 
 
 Tuesday, July 27. Commences with fine 
 weather. Lowered down our topsails, and set 
 the topmast rigging up, as it was rather slack. 
 This day being fine, we got tlie remaining part 
 of our live stock of sheep on board ; the cows 
 were also killed, and sent on board. We ob- 
 served; lat. 58° 57' N.; long. 4.9° 40' v/est. 
 
 Wednesday, July 28. Commences witli 
 moderate breezes and clear weather; middle 
 and latter part, the same. 
 
 Thursday, July 29. Commences with mo- 
 derate breezes and hazv weather; middle and 
 latter part, squally, with rain. 
 
 Friday, July 30. Commences with squalls 
 and rain. Middle and latter part, same wea- 
 ther. 
 
 Saturday, JuJy 31. Commences with light 
 breezes and clear weather; middle and latter 
 
24 
 
 part, the same. The people employed va- 
 riously. 
 
 Sunday, August 1. Commences with fresh 
 breezes; middle part, same weather. At 10 
 o'clock, A. M. saw the first iceberg; at half- 
 past 10, saw the land. We passed a great 
 many icebergs this day. h cleared away at 
 noon, and we observed; lat. 590 32' n lonff 
 610 32' West. 
 
 Monday, August 2. Commences with fine 
 weather. This day we entered amongst the 
 first ice, when Mr Bullock, commander of the 
 Snap, came on board, and expressed his anxious 
 wish to be cleared from us, for the ice, he said, 
 was stripping the copper completely from his 
 vessel's bows, which we saw was true; and had 
 he continued with us bat a few days longer, he 
 would not have had a single sheet of copper 
 left upon the vessel's bows. The weather at 
 this time was very thick and hazy; however, 
 we immediately dispatched all our boats, and 
 Mr Bullock also gave us all the assistance he 
 could with his boats and men. We cleared 
 the Snap, about 11 o'clock, p.m. though she 
 
 
va- 
 
 25 
 
 lay to all night among the ice with us, wait- 
 in <r for our letters and dispatches. When 
 these were delivered we parted company, when 
 the two ship's crews gave three loud parting 
 cheers, and were soon lost to each other's view. 
 We are close in with the Labradore shore. 
 Got our spike plank across.* 
 
 Tuesday, August 3. Very hazy weather. 
 We got beset with a large pack of ice, 
 
 Wednesday, August 4. This day we were 
 completely enclosed with ice, which drove out 
 the Straits. We are to the southward and 
 eastward of Davis* Straits. Sent a boat among 
 the ice to get some water, which was got and 
 brought on board. 
 
 Thursday, August 5. Still abundance of ice 
 round us. About 2 o'clock p. M. the ice 
 thinned away a little, and we got a lead 
 througli, and got into clearer water, where our 
 progress was not so much retarded. 
 
 ♦ The spike plank is a large plank across the after part 
 of the ship, for the quarter master to walk upon, in order 
 to ascertain where a passage may he best niaUe. All the 
 whale-ships use them when among the ice. 
 
 r 1 
 
 
 ^.''W?*'*®^^ 
 
26 
 
 Friday, August 6. Still leeding or sailing 
 through the ice; the weather rather hazy, with 
 light breezes. 
 
 Saturday, August 7. Still a great quantity 
 of ice around us, buJ not so close as to obstruct 
 our passage. Latter part of this day, strono- 
 breezes. ^ 
 
 Sunday, August 8. A good deal of large 
 iceberg, seen to-day, but the small or pack iqe 
 more scattered than it has been since we first 
 entered amongst it. We are off Lower Sava-e 
 Islands ; the weather clearing a little. We ob- 
 served; lat. 620 12/ N., and long. 69o 28' 
 west. 
 
 Monday, August 9. At noon, strong bree- 
 zes. At 5 o'clock P. M. we struck upon a sunk 
 rock, but reci.ved no aamage. At 6, the ice 
 coming down the Straits very plentiful! we 
 were obliged to make fast to a floe, and got be- 
 set;, furied all sails; thick weather. 
 
 ^ Tuesday, August 10. Still fast amongst the 
 ice; the weather still very hazy. 
 
 Wednesday, August 1 1. Still fast to the ire. 
 The people employed washing clothes; aftei: 
 
 :t 
 
 "T"* '*^ --^ *" *-.-'»vV,.^<^,„„^^ 
 
 ^>- 
 
27 
 
 which, the officers and men employed firing at 
 a target. About 4 o'clock p. m., the ice being 
 upon a move, we made sail, although we made 
 but little progress. 
 
 Thursday, August 12. We could force our 
 passage no further; the ice surrounded us so 
 close, that we were completely beiet with it. 
 We had once more to apply our ice anchors^ 
 and made fast to one of the largest floes we 
 could get to, which was at 2 o'clock in the 
 morning. About G, a. m., we saw some ca- 
 noes, the first we have seen in these frozen 
 regions; they soon reached our ship. The na- 
 tives went upon the ice, and hauled their canoes 
 after them. Our Captain and some of the of- 
 ficers went upon the ice, to traffick with these 
 Esquimaux Indians ; Captain Lyon could con- 
 verse a little with them in their own language, 
 although I have heard him say, that there is 
 a material difference in their language, ae- 
 cording to the places they frequent. Their 
 dress, however, is nearly, if not wholly the 
 same, which is generally made of deer or seal 
 skins; and others again have the diver, looir^ 
 
28 
 
 and various other sea birds' skins, sewed into 
 dresses. Captain Lyon went up to one of the 
 natives, and pointed to the skin jacket he had 
 on him for a covering, and at the same time 
 produced a piece of an old iron hoop ; the na- 
 tive no sooner perceived the piece of iron, than 
 his jacket was in his hand, which he imme- 
 diately presented to Captain Lyon, in exchange 
 for that attractive article. Captain Lyon again 
 pointing to his trowsers, or, more properly 
 termed, breeches, and his boots, and at the 
 same time showing him another piece of iron 
 hoop, he instantly pulled them off; and the 
 Captain became possessed of the whole dress 
 for about one foot of hoop iron, an inch and a 
 half in breadth. And the Indian, I am sure, 
 would not have parted witli one of those pieces 
 of iron for two dresses. He seemed quite over- 
 joyed with the iron ; he licked it so often, that 
 I thought he would have cut his tongue to 
 pieces. About 10 o'clock a. m. three large flat 
 bottomed canoes, full of women and children, 
 came to the piece of ice we were fast to. We 
 traded with them also for skins, ivory, and 
 
 - ¥ 
 
other articles; and in return, we gave them 
 needles, knives, beads, old hoops, tin pots, 
 &c., which they seemed greatly overjoyed at 
 receiving. Captain Lyon never allowed them 
 to go away without making them some small 
 present. He told me to take the two natives 
 that first came to us on board the ship, and 
 shew them the two ponies we had on board ; 
 when they saw them, nothing, I believe, could 
 have surprised them more; they were so much 
 afraid of them, that they would not go near 
 them. I left them on board, and went down 
 on tlie ice, among the rest of the ship's com- 
 pany. The natives by this time were beginning 
 to steal, forcing their hands into the sailors' 
 pockets, as well as the ollicers'; and the two 
 whom I iiad left on board, were busily employ- 
 ed taking down the boarding pikes from the 
 main mast, when Mr Kerr the Gunner observ- 
 it, put a stop to them. The ice being on a move, 
 and the natives so much inclined to theft, e 
 cast olFfrom tiie ice about 12 o'clock noon, and 
 made sail, when the natives all left us. 
 
 Friday, August 13. The weather fine. 
 
?f 
 
 so 
 
 When beating along the land to keep clear of 
 tbe ice as well as we could, about 6 o'clock 
 P. M. some more of the savages came off to us. 
 About 7 p. M. another canoe, full of women, 
 came along side; we gave them ropes to hold 
 on by, when another canoe, with a male Indian 
 in it, came up, and getting athwart the bows 
 of the women's canoe, he was, in consequence, 
 upset. The rest of the natives never expressed 
 the least concern for him. Captain Lyon im- 
 mediately ordered a boat to be lowered down, 
 into which hejumped himself, picked him up, 
 and saved him. The natives all left us short- 
 ly after, and went to the land. 
 
 Saturday, August U. The ice gathering 
 
 Yery fast round us, we were again obliged to 
 
 nmkd fast to it in the evening, and furled sails. 
 
 Sunday, August 15. Still surrounded with 
 
 ice. The weather very fine. We observed; 
 lat. 630 9, ^^ j^^^g^ ^g, ^g, ^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^ 
 
 well. 
 
 Monday, August 16. The ice being a little 
 open, we cast off, and wrought our way into a 
 little clear water. Still abundance of ice in 
 sight. 
 
31 
 
 Tuesday, August 1 7. This day, saw a good 
 number of sea-horses. Captain Lyon ordered 
 a boat to be lowered down ; Mr Manico, our 
 first lieutenant, and Mr Leyson, the surgeon, 
 went into the boat, with six men from the ship's 
 company; they chased about an hour and a 
 hal^ and killed two, one of which was a young 
 cub. We got tackles up and hoisted them on 
 board. The young one's flesh was very good ; 
 the other-, was an old female; we took out 
 her heart and liver, and cut her head ofl*; and 
 hove the rest of her overboard. 
 
 Wednesday, August 18. Very fine weather. 
 Still a great deal of ice about us. 
 
 Thursday, August 19. Si ill very fine wea- 
 ther. The people employed variously. A 
 great many very large icebergs seen to-day, 
 
 Friday, August 20. The weather still con- 
 tinues fine, with light breezes. Close in with 
 Charles and Salisbury Islands, and making a 
 little progress. 
 
 Saturday, August 21. Fine weather. There 
 is still plenty of ice about us. The people em- 
 ployed variously. 
 
32 
 
 m 
 
 Sunday, August 22. Fine weather, and 
 light wind. Abreast of Nottingham Island to- 
 day; and a great deal of ice about us. By ob- 
 servation at noon, in lat. 61^o 12' N., and long. 
 79° west; all hands well. A herd of sea-horses 
 was seen to-day. We lowered down two boats, 
 manned them, and went in chase of them. We 
 got among them, and killed two, one of which 
 was a young cub, the same in size as the one 
 we killed on the 17th. The other was a large 
 male. We got fast to another, which towed us 
 about four miles among the ice; the boat which 
 accompanied us, was left with the two that were 
 killed. We had every hope that we would be 
 able to destroy the one we were fast to, when, to 
 our surprise, it had taken us into a place among 
 the ice where there were upwards of fifty of them 
 around us; just at that instant the harpoon 
 drew; and one of them came towards our boat, 
 opened his mouth, and made a bite at us, 
 but, fortunately, he fell short of us about a 
 foot. Had the tusks got a hold, they would 
 most assuredly have taken the boat down. At 
 thi* lime, Mr Manico,fts he afterwards told Mr 
 
 • 
 
 n 
 
ss 
 
 er, and 
 land to- 
 
 By ob- 
 id long, 
 i^iorses 
 o boats, 
 !m. We 
 f which 
 the one 
 a large 
 3wed us 
 t which 
 at were 
 3uld be 
 hen, to 
 among 
 of them 
 arpoon 
 ir boat, 
 at us, 
 bout a 
 
 would 
 n. At 
 >IdMr 
 
 • 
 
 Leyson, fired a musket two or three tunes. \Vc 
 tried to extricate ourselves from among the ice, 
 vhich we at last effected with a little dilliculty; 
 and after we got clear of that part of the ice w*s 
 were entangled with, we found- ourselv-es onc« 
 more in clear water. We saw two or three 
 sea-horses t-liat had been sep cated from tht5 
 main body of them, which we would have at- 
 tacked, had not Mr. Manico then tired his 
 musket again as a signal for us to return on 
 board. We then pulled toward the other 
 boat: they had got the two sea-horses jyocurod; 
 one was lying upon the ice, and the other in 
 the boat, it being very ^mall; not exceeding, in 
 my opinion, five- hundred weight. We cut the 
 head off the large one, took out his heart and 
 liver, and a small piece of his flesh, and return- 
 ed on board. As soon as the boats catne 
 alouixsidc, ami were cleared of what wc luid 
 brought. Captain Lyon an^l Mr. Kendaii, the 
 astronomer, stepped intu them and went ashore, 
 to observe particularly wliat part of llic laiiel 
 we were then abreast of, as it is not la'd down 
 currcclly in any chart yet made: it proved lo U<> 
 
3i 
 
 Sea-horse Point, off Southampton Island, ly* 
 in<r in Sl'^ west longitude. 
 
 Monday, August 23. We had but a small 
 portion of ice about the ship to-day, althou'^h 
 we made but very little progress, the whid 
 being low, and the current strong ; the weather 
 was also hazy. 
 
 Tuesday, August 21. We had light winds 
 from the southwaril and westward. The wea- 
 ther still hazy. 
 
 Wednesday, August 25. We saw a good 
 deal of ice to-ilay, but at a considerable dis- 
 tar.ce from the ship which still left us in clear 
 water. The weather a little milder. Nothing 
 strange occurred during the last three days. 
 
 Thursday, August 26. This day we saw- 
 some very low land. Captain Lyon ordered 
 one of our boats to be got ready, to go ashore ; 
 tlie land being distant from the ship about 
 seven miles. Captain Lyon had not proceeded 
 with the boat above halfway, when the weather 
 bi'caine so hazy that nothing could be seen, 
 even at a very short distance; which obliged 
 them in the boat to return on board. We 
 
 
 
 ^t: 
 
 i!lrr-' 
 
and, ly* 
 
 a small 
 ilthougli 
 le wind 
 weather 
 
 t winds 
 he wea- 
 
 a good 
 ble dis- 
 in clear 
 soothing 
 Jays, 
 ve saw 
 )rdered 
 ishore ; 
 about 
 ceeded 
 /eather 
 e seen, 
 obliged 
 . We 
 
 35 
 
 brought the ship to anchor in twenty-four fa- 
 thoms water, and handed sails, at 7 o'clock 
 
 r. M. 
 
 Friday, August 27. The weather still hazy. 
 At 4- o'clock A. M. we weighed anchor, but the 
 weather clearing at 6 a.m., we again brought 
 ship to anchor. At 7, Captain Lyon ordered 
 two boats to be got ready, and seven days' 
 provisions put into them, for the officers and 
 crew belonging to them. The Captain and 
 officers, when on their passage ashore, saw one 
 of the natives approaching towards them on 
 three dans or seal skins, blown up like bladders; 
 but on perceiving them he made for the shore. 
 The three blown sl^ins or bladders were tied 
 together with a piece of strong hide, and the 
 Indian was seated in the centre, paddling with 
 great dexterity. As soon as the boat reached 
 the shore, the Captain and officers, with the 
 crew belonging to each bont, landed and pro- 
 ceeded toward the huts of the natives, who 
 received them with inexpressible joy; and when 
 the Captain made them a present of some 
 beads, needles, &c., as was his usual custom, 
 
 / i 
 
I 
 
 fi 
 
 36 
 
 tlie imtives would have given him any thing tliey 
 had in their possession. But that tribe had no 
 canoes, as wouhl appear from what has been 
 before related about the adventure >vith the seal- 
 vsldn bladders. They had a great many salmon, 
 »v rather salmon trout, which they kill with 
 spears in inland lakes of fresh water, and these 
 they shared with our people hberally, both 
 fresh caught and dried. Thev use no salt to 
 any of their provisions, either In curing or eat- 
 ing. They had them buried under piles of 
 .stones, raid upon them they generally subsist 
 during the summer ; and in the winter, when 
 tho snow is deep, they generally subsist upon 
 the walruss, or sea-horse flesh. They kill them 
 during the summer and bury them under the 
 snow ; and in the winter they take their do<rs 
 and sledges «\nd bring a part of the flesh into 
 their snow-huts. These n.itives are a very 
 dirty inclined race of people ; they "never wash 
 tJjclr skins, which f/ives them the appearance of 
 a much darker copper colour than they would 
 havt, if washed and kept clean. The natives are 
 geuerally from Ave feet to five feet six or seven 
 
37 
 
 dogs 
 
 inches liigli. The skin dresses ^Yhich they v^aap 
 fire manufactured by chewing; a number of the 
 natives sit down together, and take a hold of a 
 portion of the hide in their mouth, while one of 
 the company generally gets up, dances, and 
 shouts, while the others are busily employed 
 chewing the hide, to make it into a kind of 
 leather. After a general explanation on both 
 .sides, the boats arrived safe to the vessel. At 
 half-past twelve noon, we hoisted up the boat's, 
 weighed anchor, and sailed along the shore about 
 the distance of six or seven miles from it. Cap- 
 tain Lvon cannot be too much praised for liis 
 cautious proceedings while sailing along that 
 barren unfre(]uented coast. At eight o'clock 
 ;p. ii. we brought the ship to anchor in 1 7 iii- 
 t horns water. 
 
 Saturday, August 28. Vv'e weighed anciior 
 at 4 A.M. and beat along the shore. The hind 
 which is quite low and level is the finest wc' 
 have seen in these northern regions. It is si ill 
 « part of Southr-.npton Island, At 7 o'clork 
 ;>..M, wo brou.'jht the ship to anchor and furled 
 
 U '2 
 
 I M 
 
S8 
 
 Sunday, August 29. Still at anchor, A great 
 deal of rain fell during the night. At 6 o'clock 
 A.M. two boats were ordered to go ashore to 
 procure a supply of fresh water for the ship 
 as the quantity we had got from the ice was 
 nearly exhausted. Captain Lyon, Hr. Manico^ 
 the first Lieutenant, and Mr. Kendall the As- 
 tronomer, went ashore with the boatsrerews. 
 Upon the part of the coast where we landed 
 we saw some tracks of the natives ; such as 
 remains of huts long since deserted, and parts 
 of large tusks of the sea-horse converted into 
 front pieces for the sledges. We likewise ob- 
 served an oblong stone about 22 inches by U, 
 and about 8 inches deep, which had by all ap- 
 pearance been used upon a fire, and a piece of 
 ivory formed into a knife : the portion of Uie 
 tusk above-mentioned, measured in length two 
 feet, and in breadth nearly two mches and a 
 half. It had beqn worked into a kind of flat 
 form, for running, or rather sliding upon the 
 inow, and weighed two pounds, twelve ounces 
 and a half. This is the measure and weight in 
 9oVid ivory, as the sock«t or root of the teisfe 
 
39 
 
 WAS cut nwfty, wlilcli would have addcxl eight 
 or ten bcKes to the length. Wc also dis^ 
 covered one of their tombs here ; the stones 
 were loosely piled up one upon another and 
 formed into an oblong square. One of the 
 boats' crew, who first discovered it, not know- 
 ing what it was, tumbled it to the ground, and a 
 human skeleton was presented to his vie^?;. 
 The officers upon being acquainted with the 
 circumstance, ordered the bones to be immedi- 
 ately covered. We saw a herd of very large 
 deer, fourteen in number ; and from some of 
 the deer's horns that we saw strewed about the 
 deserted huts, we conceived that the deer here 
 .must be very large; as one horn had a branch, 
 the top of which measured about 20 inches hy 
 I4b. Captain Lyon, Mr. Manico, and Mr. 
 .Kendall, remained on shore, while the boats 
 came off to the ship, and were cleaied of die 
 water. At 9 o'clock a. m. the boats with a 
 fresh crew, and a supply of empty casks, hav- 
 ing also a number of boarding pikes to^ 
 knifes, put off from the ship. Theic CapUt* 
 Lyoa caused .to be left ashore as presents t» 
 
40 
 
 ithe first natives that might arrive upon the 
 spot. Me ordered one knife to be placed on the 
 remains of every hut, and another under the 
 mouth of the stone kettle which we had discov- 
 ered there. These articles would be joyfully re- 
 ceived by the natives that would first discover 
 them. Captain Lyon and officers came, into 
 the boat, and arrived on board. At 1 o'clock 
 p. M. hoisted up the boats, and weighing an- 
 chor, sailxid along the land. Long. 8-t" west. 
 
 Monday, August 30. At 3 o'clock a. m. it 
 began to blow very hard, with heavy squalls of 
 rain, which caused us to close-reel' the top-sails, 
 send down the royal and top-gallant yards, and 
 strike the masts.* At 5 o'clock a. m. it iucreas- 
 ed to a violent ^ale, the weather also became ' 
 very thjcl', and oyr coinpasses at this time were 
 rendered quite useless, as the attraction was no ' 
 great that they would not traverse. 
 
 Tuesday, August 31. The weather became 
 
 * To strike the mast, is lifting the mast up a little, ixHfl 
 taking out a square piece of wood or iron, which keep* 
 it UJ1, and IcMvers it down as low as the rigging or shrouds 
 mil allow, by which means the ship is con;adcrabl/\-i4seU, 
 

 41 
 
 more moderate; the wind changed to tlie 9outb- 
 ward, and the sea became more calm. At 12 
 noon, the weather became quite clear, whew an 
 observation was obtained, and we sow land, 
 bearing to the n. eastward. At 4 o'clock p. m. 
 it again became quite ihirk, with showers of 
 rain. At 5, it came on to blow very hard, and 
 a heavy sea arose. Tiie night being very dark, 
 we hauled the ship close up on a wind, with ihe 
 larboard tacks a-board, heaving her head froin 
 the land, as we stipposed. Our soundings at 10 
 o'clock p. M. were sixty-four fathoms, rocky 
 
 ^bottom. 
 
 VVednesdtiy, September 1. At 2 o\'lo,ck a. m. 
 our soundings brgan to decrease very suddenly 
 to nineteen f.;thums. All linnds wt-re inimcdlr. 
 atelv called to shorten or take in what little sail 
 we had then set, which was only close-reefted 
 top-sails. At 4- o'clock A. M. the soundings be- 
 gan ag:\in to increase to twenty-four fathoms. 
 At 6 o'clock, our soundings again decreased to 
 xrmeteen fathoms; the next cast of the lead an- 
 nounced seventeen, the third fifteen, the next 
 thirteen, i\nd tl.e Mh gave us only ten luthotus. 
 
42 
 
 ff (I 
 
 It blew a strong gale, and the vvealher was ve- 
 ry thick. Captain Lyon, therefore, ordered 
 the hands to be called, to bring the ship to an- 
 chor. Just at that period it cleared a little, and 
 we observed land, as we supposed, on our lar- 
 board bow. Fiudinsc we were shoalinfr water 
 very fast, we hove the ship in the wind, let go 
 our starboard anchor, clued our top-sails up, 
 and pointed our vards to the wind. Perceiving 
 the ship was driving very fast, we suspected our 
 anchor was gone, which, on examination, we 
 found to be the case. We sheeted home the 
 top-sails, set the fore-sail, and hauled the ship 
 upon a wind, to keep clear of the land as well 
 as we could. At t!ie same time we hove in the 
 chain cable, and finding the anchor was gone, 
 we immediately bent the chain cable on to one 
 of our spare anchors. Our ship, at this time, 
 was making a great deal of lee-way, and our 
 soundings were decreased to six fiuhoms. We 
 let go one anchor; but finding her drive, we let 
 go a second, and veered away upon both chain 
 cables as far as we could with safety; we then 
 let ^o another anchor. As she was still driving, 
 
 \ 
 
43 
 
 we veered away upon all cables till both the 
 'chain ones were out to the ends; the one being 
 clenched to the main-mast below, in the hold, 
 and the other round the main-mast, on deck. 
 One of the Quarter-masters was placed at the 
 gangway to attend the soundings, when, to our 
 distressed minds, he announced that we shoaled 
 our water fast. Captain Lyon then ordered all 
 hands without exception to heave the lumber 
 overboard, of whatever description, and also to 
 clear the long boat, and every other boat be- 
 longing to the ship. Our long boat was stow- 
 ed with hay for the two ponies, and various other 
 articles. Every man exerted himself to clear 
 it, and lighten the ship : We hove all over- 
 board. The Quarter-master again announced 
 that the water was still shoaling very fast, and 
 die sea at this time was so high, that every wave 
 that came was rolling right over us, and freez- 
 Ing into ice, which made our case truly deplo- 
 rable. The only resource that we had now left, 
 was to take to the boats, which was a very poor 
 one, for the sea was running mountains high. 
 Provisions, water, arms, and ammunition, were 
 then ordered to be handed along, and put into 
 
 n 
 
4i 
 
 
 (he boats, which was quickly tlon<?, every man 
 exerting himself as much as lay in his power. 
 At this period, to our great astonishment, we 
 found that our larboartl anchors had got a good 
 and firm hold, which raised a feeble ray of hope 
 in the face of every man on board ; besides, the 
 Quart r-master said, the water had only shoaled 
 one foot during the last two hours. Our ship 
 was then riding in four and a half fathoms wa- 
 ter; but the sea was running so terribly high, 
 tliat she struck upon the ground, which threw 
 a damp over our minds. We then hoisted out 
 our long boat, to die great danger of staving it 
 to pieces, but with the assistance of God, wu 
 got her safe out, and moored her a-^tern of tlm 
 ship, when provisions, arms, and ammunition 
 were put into her.. Captain Lyon ordered all 
 hands to be sent on the quarter-deck, whcJT 
 every ofiicer and man in the ship were ajipoint- 
 cd to their boats, as decided by lot; and each 
 man heard his appointment without ihc slight- 
 est murmur, or confusion. Kvery man was then 
 ordered to get ready to leave the i,hlp, as ^ha 
 was then striking very heavy. Captain Lyon 
 said it would be rccomniendable tor tft ry man. 
 
45 
 
 to put on a suit of the warmest clothing he hivd 
 crot: and to take no more, as it would only 
 load the boats and endanger our lives still An- 
 ther : and if God was pleased to land us on 
 shore, it would be encumbering ourselves, as 
 we would have five or six hundred miles to 
 travel, to the nearest place that was inhabited 
 by any individual that could understand a sen- 
 tence we could speak to them, or get any meat* 
 we could cat. Captain Lyon then ordered ns 
 some refreshment as we had been up all night ; 
 and not having got any meat to nouri:»h us 
 during twenty hours, wc stood very much in 
 need of it. All our anchorsbeing gone from 
 the bows maJe the sliip ride a good (hal 
 easier; but still we had but liltle hope of siv- 
 ing her, as she was then striking very heavy. 
 We struck our topmasts; but we kept our 
 lower yards aloft. Every thing v.as done (i.ai 
 possibly could be of any service to ease liic 
 fchip, in the hope of being abU? to save \u v. 
 After we had done to the utiuobt of our pow( r, 
 we were all called aft on the (jiuuti.r di.fk. 
 When as^^tinbled, Cnptain *Lyon road, ifi .> 
 
 £ 
 
46 
 
 most solemn and impressive manner, the pray- 
 ers most suitable for our then distressing and 
 awful situation. After which he addressed us 
 in a brief but impressive speech, with regard 
 to the awful situation in which we were then 
 placed, hoping we were all resigned to our fate ; 
 observing to us that he had made his mind up, 
 and hoped that we had done the same, seeing 
 nothing but death staring us in the face on 
 every side. He then addressed us with regard 
 to temperance ; at the same time saying he was 
 rejoiced t ) think he had had such proofs of the 
 ship's company's steadiness and sobriety. Again 
 the Quarter-master tried the depth of water, 
 when he announced that the water had shoaled 
 another foot. At three o'clock, P. M. she struck 
 very heavy, which we thought was an indication 
 for us to be off. We were then ordered, every 
 oflicer and man in the ship, to take to the 
 boats. Ciiptain Lyon said, " I think before we 
 lake to the boats, that a glass of wine will 
 nourish the men, and do them some good after 
 their fatigue." We then got a glass of wine a 
 piece served out. The boats were then ordered 
 
47 
 
 to be hauled up under the lee side of ihc ship. 
 Not a murmur was heard— not a complaint 
 uas uttered ;— the countenance of every man 
 displayed a firmness to meet his approaching 
 death with a resignation to the will of the al- 
 mighty disposer of events. Captain L. observed 
 to us that the sea was running very high. We 
 were then desired to lie or sit down a little to 
 rest our wearied limbs, when she struck again 
 and again with redoubled force. Our anxious 
 and ean-er eyes were now directed to the man 
 at the lead. With what distress did it fill our 
 minds when he still announced the continued 
 hoaling of the water; and our poor bark 
 still striking harder and harder. The pump 
 well was now sounded, when to our great joy 
 we found she did not make much water in i\\^ 
 hold ; and the weather at the same time clear- 
 ing away a little, we saw the land a-stern, dis- 
 tant from us about a mile or a mile and a half. 
 There being a very heavy surf running upon 
 the shore, we did not* know whether the boats 
 would not ground long before we were near it. 
 Our principal thought now was to see what was 
 
 i^ 
 
48 
 
 
 Wst to be done, as we expected our poor bark 
 CO Qo to pieces every moment ; and if we took 
 to the boats we must have perished. Our fate 
 i'rom this seemed inevitable ; but as the anchors 
 still held on, and the ship not making much 
 water, we thought it most advij^able to remain 
 :i little longer on board, to see how God Al- 
 mighty would direct us, or order things for us, 
 when, to our great joy, at four o'clock, p. M. 
 the Quarter-master announced the water had 
 flowed one foot. To describe the beam of joy 
 that brightened every countenance would di:!\'y 
 the ]ien of the best author. Our downcast eyes 
 were instantly raised to the Almighty Preserver 
 of our then despairing lives ; and our lips 
 jjoured forth our heartfelt thanks to the great 
 and merciful disposer of all goodness, who is 
 able to save to the uttermost all who put their 
 trust in him. At six, p. m. our ship ceai^cd to 
 strike ; our soundings increased, and our spirits 
 revived ; and we in a manner were reprieved 
 from death to life again. To Iiave seen, at 
 thot time, the cheerful countenance each dis- 
 played, when Captain Lyon told all hands to 
 
rr bark 
 e took 
 II r fate 
 nchors 
 nuicli 
 remain 
 od Al- 
 i'ov US| 
 
 , p. M. 
 
 lev liad 
 of joy 
 [d dt^fV 
 ist eVL's 
 eservi-T 
 11 r lips 
 e great 
 who U 
 It their 
 ased to 
 • spirits 
 prieved 
 jen, at 
 ich dis* 
 mds to 
 
 49 
 
 go below and get p little 'refreshment, and put 
 the lower deck to rights again. The scene was 
 one of the utmost confusion, every person ex- 
 pecting to leave the ship, never more to return 
 to her. The first thing that met the view was 
 the seamen»s clothes' bags, half empty, and 
 their clothes lying strewed about under foot; 
 the floor filled with beds, blankets, and every 
 article of wearing apparel belonging to seamen 
 fitted out for such a voyage. While busily em- 
 ployed replacing our clothes, and getting a lit- 
 tle refreshment, the seaman at the lead, with a 
 loud cheering song, announced the increase of 
 water at every cast. Our weaiied ship's com- 
 pany, after taking some refreshment, lay down 
 to take a little sleep ; it being, at this time, 
 half-past eight, ^. M. and the gale considerably 
 abated. At eleven o'clock, r. M. a very heavy 
 shower of rain fell, which smoothed the mi 
 considerably ; and our once more floating bark 
 rode the night out quite secure. 
 
 Thursday, September 2. At four o'clock a. m. 
 all hands were called ; we then cleared away 
 ©ur top-mast figging, and swoycd up tli« top- 
 
 £ *4 
 
 , .] 
 
 K-^ 
 
 
50 
 
 i' •; 
 
 masts. The gale being over, we began to heave 
 up our starboard anchor ; we suspected there 
 was something wrong with it, as it did not hold 
 on well during the gale of yesterday ; and when 
 k was hove up to the bows o£ the ship, we found, 
 to our great grief, that one of the arms of the 
 a' jhor was broken. Wo then weighed our 
 larboard anchors; and were rejoiced to find 
 them come up all safe. We then made sail ^ 
 every man rejoiced and happy to escape from 
 the jaws of death, which, but a few hours be- 
 fore, seemed inevitable. At nine, a. m. the 
 fog cleared away, and displayed to us the peri- 
 lous situation we had been placed in during the 
 gnle. It was a bay full of rocks and sand 
 shoals ; Captain Lyon gave it the name of God's 
 Mercies' Bav. Every one's heart was full of 
 joy, when the man at the lead sung out, " By 
 the mark seven." At ten, having got the ship 
 a little to rights again, and the sails set, we 
 went to breakfast. We had not been ten nu- 
 nutesbiilow when the officer that had the watch 
 on deck, said he saw the buoy of the anchor we 
 liad lost on the preceding day. All hands were 
 
1 
 
 instantly on deck; and ah officer and six men 
 went into the long boat with some whale lines. 
 The boat was soon at the buoy, to wliich the - 
 boat's crew made fast one of the whale lines. 
 They tlien pulled to the ship again; and now 
 having got the end of the whale line on board, 
 we ho'^vrthe ship to the buoy. We perceived 
 tlie buoy rope was stranded, or, in Qther words, 
 partly broken. We got a hawser, and made 
 ft bowline knot, or running noose; lower- 
 edit down with a deep sea lead, and fished 
 tlie anchor, which we hove to the ship's bows 
 quite safe, and found it was all well. We then 
 hoisted our long boat on board, and made sad ; 
 when, after sailing eighteen or twenty miles, 
 and in sixteen fathoms water, about live o'clock, 
 r. M. the weather being calm, we brought the 
 ghip to anchor, and handed sails. About six, 
 Captain Lyon ordered all hands on the quarter 
 deck, when he read, and our hearts joined in 
 the most grateful praise and thanksgi-ving to 
 the Almighty God, for \ns wonderfully dt-liv- 
 erino- us, poor miserable dinners, iVom the de- 
 vouring iaws of death. After wc had returiK-d 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
% 
 
 it 
 
 I 
 
 52 
 
 thanks to God, Captain Lyon sincerely thanked 
 us for the good conduct, sobriety, and behavi- 
 our of every man during our late perilous state. 
 We obtained an altitude that night from the 
 polar star, and found we were in lat. 69<», S6', 
 K. long. 86° west. 
 
 Friday, September 3. We weighed anchor 
 al four o'clock, a. m. when, shortly after, a 
 violent gale of wind arose, and the sea running 
 very high, we close-reeiTed the topsails, and 
 sent down the royal and top gallant yards 
 and masis. The gale increasing towards 
 evening, we hauled up our courses, and 
 handed them ; then clued up the fore top-sail, 
 and handed it. We next reeffed the mizen, 
 and set the storm trysails, and laid the ship to ; 
 for we did not know where we were, as our com- 
 passes were become quite useless. At this 
 time we expected we were close to the magnet- 
 ic pole, as the variation of the compass by an 
 azimeth obtained, was 123 degrees west, V/c 
 had nothing to go by but the sun, moon, and 
 stars ; and owing to the tliick fogs so frequent 
 in that quarter of the globe, it was but acldom 
 iuld obtain a sight of any of Uicm. 
 
 ^»-*«>*#_ 
 
53 
 
 '. Saturday, September 4 . The gale still contU 
 mies. We tliis day hove all the oats overboard 
 that was sent on board for the horses, and other 
 animals. As they had nothhig now to subsist 
 U|)(»n, we shot the horses and liove tliem over- 
 board, and killed the rest of our live stock. 
 ■ Sunday, Septer.ber 5. No alteration on the 
 weather, as the gale still continued. 
 
 Monduy, September 6. The gale rather 
 abated. Towards noon the weather cleared a 
 little ; and an altitude of the sun being obtained, 
 %ve found we were in lat. 63° 5 N. and 89« 20' 
 west longitude. 
 
 'J*ucsday, September 7. The weather rnor€ 
 moderate.* We hove the ship to during the 
 night, as sailing in hazy wcatiier at niglit was 
 vcn' dangerous, our compasses being now ren- 
 jLlered quite useless. Our situation at this time 
 was like that of a blind man i)hiced in a piece 
 01 ground surrounded with coal pits, from 
 which he is condemned to grope his way with- 
 out a guide. 1 have not the smallest doubt but 
 •' Journal may fall into the liands of some 
 individuals who will think, aad even say, 1 ex- 
 
54 
 
 Itftli 
 
 i- 
 
 pjrgerate ; but I must tell them candidly, that 
 J have advanced nothhig but plain and simple 
 facts, which occurred during our voyage. At 
 five o'clock, A. M. we made sail. At noon saw 
 land, which we supposed to be Cape FuUerton. 
 At four o'clock, p. m. brought ship to anchor, 
 about six miles from the shore — blowing strong 
 breezes. Our stock of fresh water, upon exami- 
 nation, was found to be very small ; and, owing 
 to the weather being so tempestuous, we could 
 not get a supply. 
 
 Wednesday, September 8. We had strong 
 breezes during the night. In the morning, 
 the sea was running so very high, that though 
 the wind had considerably abated, we could 
 not send a boat ashore f)r wt»ter. At noon, 
 more moderate, and the sea going down faj-t. 
 At six o'clock, p. M. the weather fine. Two boats 
 'were dispatched ashore for water ; and during 
 the time they were gone we hove our larboard 
 anchor to the bows, where we secured it ; and 
 shortened in the cable of our starboard anchor 
 to the long range. 
 
 Thursday, Sept 9. The weather still mode- 
 
 »-.^.j*« 
 
 ^^i*ii^-. 
 
 ../**<;#». 
 
I 
 
 rate. At balf-past 12 midnight, the boats re- 
 turned, but brought very little water. At four 
 o'clock, A. M. w T;hed anchor, and made sail 
 with a fine bret e from the westward. As we 
 were sailing along the land, towards evening it 
 came on to blow strong breezes from the south. 
 We shortened sail, and hauled close to the 
 wind, supposing ourselves to be across the 
 .Welcome. At ten o'clock, r. m. the breeze 
 died away, and the sea fell. The clouds cleared; 
 ftnd displayed to our view one of the most beau- 
 tiful scenes we ever witnessed ; for the Aurora 
 Borealis broke forth with all its brilliancy, 
 fchooting its rays across the hemisphere, while 
 the silver mc.n arose with great splendour, and 
 displayed to our view some very high land oi^ 
 our weather bow. It was indeed one of the 
 most interesting scenes that any man on board 
 had ever seen. The breeze freshening, we 
 reeffed topsails; and went under easy sail. At 
 two, A. M. strong breezes from the s. eastward 
 Friday, September 10. Strong breezes froim 
 f. eastward. At two o'clock, r. m. we saw 
 Southampton Island. We beat in toward th« 
 land; and, as night approached, shortened sail, 
 
56 
 
 II 
 
 ! 
 
 J* 
 
 and continued during the night to beat ofi' and 
 on, waiting for the approach of day-light, to 
 send our boats ashore for water. 
 
 Saturday, September 11. As day -light ap- 
 peared, we stood in towards the land, which we 
 found to be a part of Southampton Island. Wo 
 reckoned ourselves to the northward of the 
 Duke of York's Bay, where the ship was last 
 voyage. As we neared the land, the wind be- 
 came light, and we brr^^ht a ,: &hip to anchor 
 with the stream anchoi dua r Me. Two boats 
 were sent ashore for water; Mr. Manico, the 
 first lieutenant, in the one boat; and Mr. Ken- 
 dall, the Astronomer, in the other. The ofli- 
 cers had their fowling pieces with them, and 
 one of the men had a musket. We travelled 
 about two miles on land, when we met with 
 some wild ducks in a lake of salt water. I 
 think there was to the number of eight. Mr. 
 Manico and Mr. Kenddii both fired, when 
 three of the eight were killed. The remainin^^ 
 five did not seem to mind the report «(' the 
 fowling-pieces; but as wc approached towards 
 them, they dived under water. Tiie lake, hovr- 
 £ver, being shallow, aud wc havin^^ on sea- 
 
 f li 
 
57 
 
 booti5, we waded into the lake, and pursued 
 diem till we killed them all. The other party 
 fell in with another lake, where there were si» 
 more, and shot them also. They were large 
 sized ducks, of a grey colour. Besides a great 
 jiumber of plovers, sandpipers, and looms, we 
 also caught a number of malemacks, with fish- 
 inn hooks and lines. We baited, the hooks 
 with a piece of tat pork, and floated the bait 
 with a cork ; when the bird making n durt J.t 
 the pork, was caught by the hook. At this _ 
 time the rest of the boats* crews were busily 
 employed filling the casks and buckets with 
 fresh water, a lake of which they discovered 
 after a great deal of labour ; but it was com- 
 I)letcly frozen over with ice, which they had to 
 break before they could get at i he water ; and 
 then they had to carry it upwards of lialf-a-niile 
 over rocks, and wading up to their knees 
 amongst ice, snow, and water, before they ton Id 
 get to the boats. I'he casks and buckets being 
 idl full, we pulled ofi' for tho ship, and at twu 
 o'clock, p. M. arrived safe on board. The btuils 
 were then hoisted up to the davits, and at haii- 
 
hi 
 
 ff 
 
 i 
 
 58 
 
 past two, vre wclglicd airdior and made sail. 
 At eight o'clock, strong breezes. Shortened 
 iu)], and made all snug for the higlit. 
 
 S&mlay, Septenil>er 12. At ft>i^r a*clock, a. 
 M. all hands were called to shorten Slail. The 
 tide had set us down upon the lee shore, as we 
 reckoned, close to the entrance of the Uj^a^'ea 
 river. We wore ship, at\d beitt up to wind- 
 ward ; when it came on lo blow, with a fall of 
 sleet ; and freezing as it fell, made the decks 
 lik(,^ a sheet of ice, and coin)^l^tely casing our 
 vtanding and running rigging with ice ; at the 
 same time came on a \i2Vy thick fo^g, wliich 
 cnused us to lose sight of land, 
 
 Monday, September 13. At two o\l6ck, p. 
 M. finding we slioaled our water very fa*it, all 
 hjiruls were again '^alled to stand by the ancliors. 
 At three o'clock, it came on to blo^^r with more 
 violence tlinri we had felt this voyage. The 
 w ind came from the eastward, and raised the 
 hca amazingly high : we shippc^d a gi'eat deal 
 «r water, and the stiow fell very last. We let 
 ^•o our best aud smnlj Ixm-^i* anchors, which, 
 most fortunately fur us, took hold ; but the sea 
 
59 
 
 was so heavy, that it tore our bows completely 
 under water, and the waves washed fore and 
 aft the shi, so deeply, thut we wei-e forced to 
 cut a passage tlirough the waist bulwarks on 
 both sides, to let tbe water get a passage off the 
 decks. We next had to batter down all our 
 hatchways, and take a passage up the cabin 
 ladder. Both of our patent chain anchors he- 
 ing down, we then let go our remaining spare 
 anchor, with a new hemp cable bent to it; and 
 veeretl away upon all, till we came to th«s 
 clinches of the chain cables round the main 
 mast. We were riding tlien with nearly two 
 hundred and fifty fathoms of cables out; and 
 the bowsprit was pitching three or four feet 
 under water. We sent our top gaUant yards 
 and roast down on deck, took down lower yards, 
 and struck our topmasts, to ease tlie ship as 
 much as possible. We were at this time most 
 perilously situated with a strong tide and a 
 heavy sea ; and, if we parted cables, there was 
 nothing left for us but a lee shore close to us, 
 though we <Jid not at that time see it, owing to 
 thick weather and the h^avy «nowj uul we 
 
 M'^K 
 
,./ 
 
 eo 
 
 '*t 
 
 
 knew perfectly well by our soundings, that we 
 were not far from the land, as we were now 
 riding In thirteen fathoms water, and the snow 
 and rain falling into icicles, owing to the state 
 the decks and rigging were in at this time. 
 We resembled an iceberg rather than a ship. 
 Towards night the gale rather abated, and the 
 snow ceased: the sea also fell considerably ; 
 but a great quantity of ice came down, which 
 completely surrounded us, and made oui case 
 truly deplorable. For the last fortnight we ha<l 
 been most perilously situatedy as we were con- 
 tinually exposed to dangers, owing to these 
 unfrequented places not having been laid down 
 in any chart, and no ship or vessel of any kind 
 being nigh us. But the Almighty was our pilot 
 and guide. At twelve o'clock, midnight, it 
 .came on to blow a perfect hurricane. The 
 bows of the ship being torn completely under 
 water, we suffered more than 1 can possibly de- 
 scribe, from the immense quantities of ice, frost, 
 and snow that surrounded us. At five o'clock, 
 A. M. our starboard chain cable parted. All 
 handii WQre instantly on deck ; for not one man 
 
61 
 
 on board had turni^d into his ham^^^k during 
 the ni#t. At haK-'past fim PU? l^rbgard 
 chain cable ai>d pur herop cable both parted. I 
 will not attempt a description of our eonditipn 
 at this time. There wa>s a strong tide, a 
 dreadful hurricane, and the sea running moun- 
 tains high. We had only nine fathoms water ; 
 and the wind> when we came to an Uor, blew 
 jpQ directly on the land, that we expected every 
 moment to be dashed tp pieces upon the rocks, 
 fts the wind was s. 12. and the latid V, yr. from 
 us. But Qod, of his infinite goodness, had 
 shifted the wind tp the N. W. the directly op- 
 posite i>oint to that which it blew in wh^n we 
 came to auchor. Owing to the weaUier beinij; 
 so thicV and hazy, however, we could not see 
 the sun, moon, nor a star, t<> tell n% how the 
 wind was. One might as well have looked to 
 the carpenter's grindstone as looked to the 
 compasses, At this tiwQ the snow was fulling 
 very heavy, and freezing instantly into ice ; we 
 were then.'fore obliged to work incessantly at 
 the shovels, in order to keep the decks clear oi' 
 
62 
 
 m) Mm 
 
 m 
 
 ■ f * 
 
 it, while marline spikes * were constantly era- 
 ployed to clear the shaver holes where the ropes 
 pass through, on purpose to set our storm sails, 
 and keep the ship out of the hollow of the sea. 
 We had the main trysail set, and were setting 
 the fore trysail, when the gaff broke. We 
 could not at that time take it down to replace 
 it with another ; but allowed the vessel to drive 
 at the mercy of God, with the wind and sea. 
 The weather was very thick, and our compasses 
 were of no use, aa was before observed. We 
 could neither get up the rigging for ice, nor do 
 any thing for a considerable time, but stand and 
 look at each other, expecting every moment 
 when the ship would strike on some rock, or 
 be cast ashore on some part of those frozen and 
 uutVequented regions. We had nothing to guide 
 us now but our soundings. The leads were 
 kept constantly going to try the depth of water. 
 It i:i impossible to express the joy that now 
 beamed on every eye, when the men who were 
 heaving the lead, said we were deepening water 
 
 • A mftrtinc epiko 19 round piece of iron, about 10 inwlic* 
 long ; tMck at tlic ^no ^d anti tttpc'rud bmaifiit tLc otUur, 
 
61 
 
 fast. This certainly was a great and wonder^ 
 lul thing in our eyes, to think we were now 
 getting into deeper water; when, but a very 
 short time previous to tliis, we were thinking 
 of nothing but being driven on shore j and, if 
 saved from the watery element, left to perish 
 amongst frost and snow, or be torn to pieces 
 by savage bears, which abound in those frozen 
 regions. But God, of his infinite raer<!y, spared 
 our lives, when we were most given to despair. 
 When our spirits, however, were most elevated, 
 a serious circumstance occurred to our minds. 
 We hiid lost all our anchors ; what were Va 
 tlieutodo? We hati but one small streuni 
 anchor which was not one-third of the weight 
 of four we had just lost ; we were short of wa- 
 ter, and could not venture to approach near a 
 tempestuous shore without anchors, ti) g%;t a 
 fresh supply. It was certainly wisely ordered 
 for us that our cables parted ; for had they Jiot 
 done so, we would in all probability bav6 foun- 
 dered and suuk. We. tried to heave in our lar- 
 board ciiain cable, but without efltct,.«s it had 
 purtcd clusc by the anchor, which made it tx- 
 
 > 
 
 ^ .1 
 
 1 
 
64 
 
 tremeiy heavy ; and the sea running very high, 
 rendered all our efforts abortive. However, 
 we proved successful in saving about thiFty*five 
 fathoms of our starboard chain cable, which we 
 bended to the broken anchor. We also hove 
 in the hemp cable, and bended it to the stream 
 anchor, which was the only one wc had now to 
 trust to. We had lost about one hundred and 
 sixty fathoms of chain cables. The gale still 
 continuing, and the water a^ain shoaling, we 
 wore ship on the other tack, as we did not 
 know where we were driving, from the unre. 
 iniuing fall of snow, which made the weather so 
 thick, that we could see no distance from the 
 ship. In the evening, a heavy sea broke aboard, 
 apd tore away one of our waste boats from the 
 davits. It likewise broke and carried off one of 
 the davits. The loss of this boat grieved us a 
 good deal, a-s we depended more upon our boats 
 qt this time (if I may be allowed the expression) 
 than we did upon our ship. My reason for 
 Uii^ seemingly weak expression is, that should 
 our ship have got a-ground and gone to pieces, 
 tlie boats would still be able to float, Oiid be a 
 
65 
 
 means of preserving life a little longer; and 
 probably take us to some part of the coiist, 
 where we coukl more conveniently travel to one 
 of the lluilson^s Bay Factories ; as we had al- 
 ways kept a supply of preserved provisions in 
 them, in case of danger, ever since the gale on 
 the first of this mbnth, when we thought wtj 
 vroukl have been obliged to have recourse to 
 them. Our hopes were once more revived 
 when the leadsmen told us we ugiun deepened 
 the water very fast, wliich we thought a g x.d 
 si<rM that we were driving from the shore. Our 
 fo'^e mast at this time looked as if it was crip- 
 pled; which, upon inspection, we found to be 
 true ; and upon examining the fore topmast, 
 we found it to be sprung. Night now commg 
 on, we were ordered to take our hammocks be- 
 low, so that the one-half of the ship^s compm.y 
 that had the watch below might get a littk 
 sleep ; but when we went to the netting, the 
 hammocks were completely cased over with ic. ; 
 consequently, when the watch went below, they 
 were obliged to lie down on any place taey 
 could find most comfortable. 
 
 /( 
 
 • «-^.j- 
 
 .•.■r>«««^ 
 
 i«t*'iMr?4£it.;*i •- 
 
V 
 
 CG 
 
 K- i 
 
 Tuesday, September 14. The weather more 
 moderate, although still blowing very stron^r. 
 Towards evening it became clear, when an al* 
 titude was obtained from one of the fixed stars; 
 after which, C^'^ptain Lyon and officers held a 
 consultation upon what was best to be done* 
 Afte'r consulting some time, all hands were 
 called aft on the quarter deck, when a letter 
 was read to us, both officers and men, stating, 
 that, owinjx to our distressed situation, we could 
 proceed no farther. We had lost all our an- 
 chors, We were short of water as we all knew, 
 the season was far advanced, and nothing bAit 
 conthiued gales of wind and a tempestuous se« 
 were to be expected. Therefore, Captain Lyon 
 said, it was his determination to run to a place 
 called Marble Island, if possibly he could make 
 it; which lay distant about five hundred miles 
 to the sou«;h and westward, where the weather 
 would be more mild ; and if we should neither 
 reach that place nor be able to save the ship, 
 to try and find some place where there might 
 be a prospect of saving the lives of the ship's 
 company ; aqd from which we m'^H be able tP 
 
&1 
 
 travel to one of the Hudson's Bay Factories, 
 rvhere we coiikl, winter till the spring of the 
 y4ir, when Captain Lyon said he would be able 
 to procure a passage for us by means of the 
 Hudson's Bay Company's Ships. Captain 
 Lyon then returned lis his sincere thanks for 
 the manner ih which we had conducted our- 
 selves during our late perilous situation ; and 
 ordered us to take our hamirlo6ks doWn below, 
 md such as were wet to be imtnediately shifted, 
 and new blankets swerved out to us till our own 
 wete completely dfy. Our water beirtg pretty 
 far exhausted, our allowance of that neces- 
 sary article was a^in diminished, and the 
 armourer was ordered to make a distill for dis- 
 tilling fresh fix)m the seia water. Captain Lyon 
 also ordered our salt provi^ioti to be stopped, 
 and to serve us with p^reserved ttifeat in lieu of 
 it, which was quite fresh. Capttiin- Lyon studied 
 to make our then miserable situiition as com- 
 fortable as it lay in his power to do. He is 
 certainly one of the most feeling gentlemen 
 ever a seaman could sail with ; antl acted more 
 like a father to the ship's company than a Post- 
 
 ^ 
 
 '■■t..^i*lftpr^T'»' 
 
 -*<Tim 
 
 girt^-jw^MTMir^w T-^fr^* t 
 
? / 
 
 68 
 
 mi 
 
 idi 
 
 Captain over thefn. We were now obliged to 
 heave the ship to every night, owing to ou^ " 
 having thick weather ; and our compaise nVit 
 acting, although at this period we had a fafjl* 
 wind, it blowing strong from the n. w. 
 
 Wednesday, September 15, At five o'clock, 
 A. M. we made sail, the wind still from the N. w. 
 and a strong breeze. At night shortened sail. 
 At eleven o'clock, p. m. all hands were called, a& 
 we again found the water shoah We had only 
 fceventeen fathoms water; and one hour previous 
 to tliis we had upwards of seventy fathoms. 
 At one o'clock, a. m. the watei" again began to 
 deepen, when the watch went belojv, it being 
 only a sand-bank we had gone over. 
 
 Thursday, September 16. At five o'clock, 
 A.,M. we made sail again, the wind still N. w. 
 At noon, all hand$ were again called on the 
 quarter deck, and a fresh arrangement was 
 then made with Capta'n Lyon and officers. 
 As the ship was in a complete state of distress 
 for tJie want of anchors and cables, it was dan- 
 gerous in the extreme in thai case to offer to 
 fipproacb near any shore ; and as the season 
 
69 
 
 get! to 
 to ou^. • 
 se: itot 
 
 'clock, 
 e N. w. 
 3(1 sailr 
 lied, as 
 id only 
 revious 
 thorns. 
 !gan to 
 being 
 
 ►'clock, 
 1 N. w. 
 on the 
 nt was 
 )fljcers. 
 listfess 
 as dan- 
 iffcr to 
 season 
 
 was" now set in, in which strong n. W. winds 
 might be expected, which were fair for home. 
 It was therefore determined, that we should 
 now try if possible to proceed for England, 
 providing our passage was not obstructed by 
 ice ; and even granting that we should be frozen 
 in with ice, it would still be considerably better 
 th^n being in continual danger, tossing about 
 upon an unknown sea, or wrecked upon a coast 
 where there was nothing bat savages, ice, snow, 
 and ravenous animals to contend with. The 
 ship's company knowing the dangerous situation 
 we were then placed in from the loss of boats, 
 (for we had then lost two,) having no anchors 
 and no charts of the coast, that could be de- 
 pended on, itwas taken into consideration, and 
 agreed to, that we should proceed to England. 
 Captain Lyon then asked the ship's company, 
 if any of us would like to examine the chart, 
 (the only one he had of the Hudson's straits,) 
 and see where the ship then was. He then 
 placed it upon the head of the capstern, and 
 showed us wh^e we were, and how we w'ere 
 situated. We then agreed to do whatever he 
 
 fi ii 
 
70 
 
 tliouglit was most: adviseable j for it is my firm 
 belief that there was not one man on board 
 who would not have endangered himself to save 
 tlie captain. 
 
 Friday, September 17. The weather being 
 fine, we sent up top gallants, royal yards and 
 masts; set the sails, and trimmed the yardi^. 
 
 Saturday, September 18. The T/eather still 
 fine. We set studding sails, and carried all 
 sail wc possibly could to help us to England. 
 
 Sunday, September 19. The weather still 
 fine; and carrying on a crowd of sail. We at- 
 tended divine service. As soon as service was 
 over, an investigation into our stock of fresh 
 water took place, when, finding it getting very 
 short, our allowance was again diminished to 
 one English pint and a half each man per day, 
 cooking and every other thing iucludci^ We 
 had wdy one tun of water on board, and the 
 number of our ship's company, captain and olli- 
 cers included, was forty-one. We had an Eng- 
 lish pint of wine served out to us this day, in 
 lieu of half a pint of rum which was to be con- 
 tinued till we should get a supply of wntcr> 
 which we expected fro® tlie ice. 
 
 ._<...»«Mr#^ 
 
very 
 
 Mondny, September tO. At tbree o'clock, 
 A7 M. it came on to blow from the s. eastward ; 
 we reeffed the topsails, and sent down the 
 rdyal and top ^allant yards and masts. Tha 
 gale still increasing, we close-reeffed the top- 
 Siiils, and handed the courses. The gale be- 
 coming more violent, we weie obliged to hnnd 
 the topsails, and set the fore and main trysails, 
 tq keep her bow to the sea, which being now 
 very high, we were forced to batten down all 
 
 hatches. 
 
 Tuesday, September 21. At noon, the sky 
 b^gan to break, and the gale to abate. W« 
 got an observation of the sun to day, and to 
 o\ir great satisfaction we found we had drove a 
 good deal to the southward, although the wnd 
 was from s. E. Our compasses were of no ser- 
 vice yet, as they continue I not to act. 
 
 Thursday, September 22. Al four o'clock, 
 P, M. the gale came on again, much hardei than 
 it was the preceding day, and continued all 
 night, when a heavy sea broke on board, and 
 washed several articles over, 
 
 Friday, September 23. The ^ale still cpnti- 
 
 nued. 
 
72 
 
 Saturday, September 24. More moderate, 
 but rery hazy weather. At half-past three, p. 
 M. it cleared away, when we found we were in 
 -Hudson's Straits, with Cape Wallsingham, in 
 lat. 62«, 39% N. and 77S 48\ west long, right 
 abreast of us. We had drifted with the current 
 thirty miles a-head of our reckoning. 
 
 Sunday, September 25. The weather more 
 moderate. We made sail, and stood in towards 
 the land, where we saw some floe ice. We 
 sent three boats in search of water, amongst this 
 ice; the boats could find no water, but returned 
 loaded with ice which we broke into fsmall 
 pieces, filling the cook's coppers, and snow 
 tank with it, which, with tlie heat of the fire, 
 dissolved it into water. The ice the bofits 
 brought on board at this time when dissolved, 
 made about t\vo tuns of excellent fresh water. 
 This was a great relief to us, for we now re- 
 ceived three pints of water each man per day; 
 and for some time previous to this we had only 
 one pint and a half. The natives* canoes were 
 Keen coming town rds the ship to the number of 
 ten; they came close alongside. WctrafTjcked 
 
7S 
 
 oderate, 
 [iree, p. 
 were in 
 ham, in 
 g. right 
 current 
 
 r more 
 ;o wards 
 ^ We 
 gst this 
 Jturned 
 » fsmall 
 I snow 
 i« fire, 
 bo^ts 
 solved, 
 water, 
 ow re- 
 r day ; 
 donly 
 s were 
 iber of 
 Bcked 
 
 with these natives for some paddles and spears, 
 and gave them old iron hoops and some old 
 files in return. We hoisted up the boats and 
 made sail, when all the natives and their canoes 
 left us. 
 
 Monday, September 26. Tli5 people em- 
 ployed making water from the ica that was 
 brought on board yesterday. 
 
 Tuesday, September 27. The weather very 
 hazy, with light breezes from the n. \v, 
 
 Wednesday, September 28. Hazy weather 
 and strong breezes from the K. w. 
 
 Thursday, September 29. Clear weather and 
 strong breezes from the N. w. We this dny 
 saw the North Bluff of Upper Savage Islands. 
 Friday, September 30. More moderate. We 
 saw 9 small piece of an iceberg. We sent a 
 boat to It to see whether it was fresh or salt ; 
 they found It to be fresh. They immediately 
 f^ll to work, having axes in the boat, aiid loaded 
 the boat with pieces, and brought it on hoard ; 
 W'e sent another boat along with tlie first, when 
 th^y eoon brought it all on board : when dis- 
 splveU it jnade upwards of ont tun of >x»ter. 
 
 G 2 
 
 I A 
 
 Ak.^ *^ «> *ttm^*ft!mmit^Ktft n 
 
1/ 
 
 74 
 
 Towards evening it became very thick hdzy 
 weather. Our compasses now began to act. 
 
 Saturday, October 1. The weather still con- 
 tinned hazy, and much the same as the preced- 
 ing day, 
 
 Sunday, October 2. The weather still hazy. 
 Ai; eleven o'clock, a. m. the weather began to 
 clear up ; and we saw the land, which we found 
 to be Cape Resolution. Having a strong 
 breeze from the n. westward, wb took our de- 
 parture fromv Button's Island, which lies in lat. 
 60S 35' N. an<J 65^, 20', w. Ion., and bore 
 away for England. 
 
 Monday, October S. At six o'clock, a. m. 
 we came in sight of a small iceberg. The 
 weather being fine we hove to, and lowered 
 down two boats, put «xes in them, and sent 
 tliem towards it, which they very soon cut down ; 
 «nd by twelve noon we had as much ice on 
 board as would make upwards of four tuns of 
 water. We immediately hoii.!ed our boats tip and 
 commenced dissolving ; and by eight o'clock, 
 p. M. we had dissolved as much ice as produced 
 nearly two tuos of water. Our distilling wa- 
 
75 
 
 ehinery was now laid aside for the first time 
 for nearly three weeks, and we were very hap^y 
 at it ; although it was a very good invention, 
 it was very troublesome, as we were obliged 
 to attend it night and day. We still kept dis- 
 solving ice all night ; and we had a refresh- 
 ment given us of an extra glass of grog, some 
 dried pippins, and some preserved salmon as 
 fresh as when new caught, which we brought 
 from England with us in cases. 
 
 Tuesday, October 4. At four o'clock, p. m. 
 it came on to blow very hard from the s, east- 
 ward, which caused us to reef topsails. At 
 six o'clock, p. M. we close*reefFed the topsails, 
 and sent down top gallant yards and masts. 
 At half-past six, it increased to a violent gale 
 of wind, which caused us to hand our cjourses 
 and topsails : we then set the main trysail; hut 
 the sea was running so high, w£ were obliged 
 to set the main topsail plose-recffed to keep the 
 ship's head to the sea, and likewise to keep her 
 sides down ; we were always completely wet 
 with salt water, the sea continually breakii)'^ 
 on board of us when it blew. 
 
 i 
 
 HI 
 

 ! 
 I' 
 
 76 
 
 Wednesilay, October 5. No alteration ; as 
 the gale still continues. Wind s. E. 
 
 Thursday, October 6. No alteration ; as 
 the gale still continues. Wind s. e. 
 
 Friday, October 7. 'No alteration ; as the 
 gale still continues. Wind »^ e. 
 
 Saturday, Octobep S. No alteration ; as the 
 gale stUl continues. Wind s. e. 
 
 Sunday, October 9. No alteration ; as the 
 gale still continues. Wind s. e. 
 
 Monday, October 10. No alteration ; as* the 
 gale still continues. Wind &. e. 
 
 Tuesday, October 11. No alteration ; as the 
 gale still continues. Wind s. k. 
 
 Wednesday, October 1 2. No alteration in 
 the weather, as the gale still cwitinues. as strong 
 as ever. At eleven o'clock, a. m. we saw a 
 strange «ail ; ^he first we had seen since we 
 parted fro© the ^ap, which was on the second 
 day of August i tre hoist*.^d our ensign, and she 
 bor^ down tons; ond ot half-post six, p..m. 
 we spoke her; U ^^s the Phoenix of Whitby, 
 a svluih ship from Davis's Straits. They gave 
 us ipjel!ig(ince of Captain parry, having heard 
 
ion ; as 
 ion ; as 
 
 as the 
 ; as the 
 
 as the 
 ; as* the 
 
 as the 
 
 tion in 
 strong 
 saw a 
 ice we 
 second 
 nd she 
 t P.M. 
 hitby, 
 y gave 
 heard 
 
 of him early in September, in lat. 71* n. all 
 well. 
 
 ^i'hursday, October 13. No alterntioii on the 
 weather. The Phoenix still keeps company 
 with us; they are very short of bread, and wti 
 are going to supply them as soon as the weather 
 will admit of us lowering a boat down ; for w« 
 also want to send letters home to England with 
 them to let our case be known. At two o'clock, 
 r, M. the Phrjenix made a signal for us to come 
 down to her, we being to the windward of 
 them. We had not the smallest doubt but 
 that they were in great distress for want of 
 bread. As we approached towards her, w« 
 perceived something afloat upon the water, 
 which we picked up ; it was a dan or seal skhi, 
 blown up like a bladder. It was made fast to 
 the end of a whale line, and an. empty cask 
 also made fast about ten fathoms from this skin. 
 Upon examining the skin and appendages at- 
 tached to it minutely, there was a note found 
 suspended to it, telling us to open the cask, and 
 there we would find a letter ; letting Captain 
 Lyon know what quantity of provisions they 
 
 a 
 
t 
 
 "IS 
 
 had oTi boarcL They had just three hundred 
 pounds of bread, and Uiere were upwards of 
 my men on board. Captain Lyon ordered th^ 
 CiO-penter to put three casks together (as we 
 always shook our casks Iiito stavea when they 
 were emptied, as they stowed in le^is bulk.) 
 aiTd they were filled with bread, as als6 the 
 tiiftk they sent on board ; and our letters wt-re 
 i>ut into ryiie of the casks, i^nd then headed up, 
 mfd all slung with ropes, and made fast to the 
 iin? that their cask came with, and all hove 
 cverboard. They hauled thero on bonrd'bf the 
 Fl'.cpnix y^^ry speedily, I have no doubt ^ut 
 itj was « joyful sight to thein. Tliey continued 
 iij company during the remainder of the djiy, 
 but night coming on we lost sight of her. 
 
 Friday, October U. No alteration; as the 
 gale still continues. At five o'clock, p. m. we 
 saw two strange sails to the leeward of us ; ^we 
 supposed one of them was the Phcenix. 
 
 Saturday, October 15. The gale rather 
 abated. At ten o'clock, p. m. a brig passed 
 under our stern. We hailed her, but they did 
 not answer us ; as it blew very strong I sup- 
 
f r 
 
 'ards of 
 ered tli^ 
 r (as we 
 en they 
 bulk.) 
 Iso the 
 's \vt*re 
 led up, 
 : to the 
 II hove 
 rof the 
 jbt tiiit 
 itiiiued 
 le dav, 
 
 • 
 
 as the 
 M. we 
 
 ratlier 
 passed 
 ey did 
 ' sup* 
 
 79 
 
 pose they did not hear us. At two o'clock, 
 A* M. a sea broke aboard, and washed away our 
 spike-plank, a bofit's iron davit, and one of dtir 
 lower studding sai^ booms. At four o'clock, 
 A. M. loosed the foretop sail, and set it. At 
 half-past four loosed the foresail, and set it. At 
 six o'clock, we let two reefs out of each topsail. 
 At half-past six, loosed the mainsail, ^ud hauled 
 aboard the main tack, and set the jib* At seven, 
 sent up top gallant masts and yards, 
 
 Sunday, October 16. At four o'clock, p. m, 
 it came on to blow as hard this day as if it had 
 blown none at all. We sent down top gallant 
 yards and masts, close-reefFed the fore and 
 main topsails, stowed the jib, and handed the 
 ,main sail ;-~it snowed very heavily during tBe 
 night. This was the loMgest gale of wind we 
 had since we left England; for \t has nef^er 
 ceased blowing a severe gale these twelve days. 
 
 Monday, October 17. About ten o-'clock, |». 
 M. the gale broke j and at two o'clock^ A> tL We 
 had a fine breeze. At five, we loosed our top- 
 saib and courses, and set them. At nine, 
 A. M. we swayed up our top gallant masts, and 
 iet the reefi) out the topsails* At balf-pa&t uui^y 
 
 
80 
 
 \1 
 
 
 sent up top gallant yards, loosed the top gal- 
 lant wiils, and set them. At twelve noon wore 
 ship. 
 
 Tuesday, October 18. At two, p. m. a fine 
 breeze sprang up from the n. e. Towards 
 evening we saw a ship to the windward of us. 
 We still supposed it to be the Phcenix. We 
 fired sky roekets, and burned blue lights for 
 her during the night. 
 
 Wednesday, October 19. At seven, a. m. 
 the Grange sail we saw last night bore away, 
 ani came down to us; and at eight o^clock 
 sent har boat on board of our ship : it was not 
 the Phoenix as we expected. It was the 
 Achillas belonging to Dundee. Captain Lyon 
 afik«d the master of the Achilles (for he came 
 Oft boaj?d of a» out of his boaij if he could 
 •pare m any water. H« told Captain Lyon he 
 would give biw whathe thought he could spare.; 
 He seat his boat away, and she r^^turned with 
 haJf-«-tun of water to us, which was a great help. 
 Captain Lyon asked if he had heard aay thiag 
 about Captain Parry of the Hecla. He said 
 keheard of the Heck and Fury beijag closely 
 bsaet whh ioe in iau 71% u. He also told us. 
 
81 
 
 3p gal- 
 n wore 
 
 a fine 
 awards 
 
 of us. 
 
 We 
 
 hts for 
 
 A* n* 
 
 away, 
 >^clock 
 as not 
 IS the 
 Lyon 
 caoie 
 oo^ld 
 roa he 
 spare* 
 i with 
 likelp. 
 thiag 
 i said 
 losel^r 
 Id u$9 
 
 that the Dundee of London whale ship was 
 very badly off for provisions, as the last accounts 
 he heard of her was that they had the allow- 
 ance of one biscuit each day per man. The 
 master of the Achilles told Caj^tain Lyon, that 
 he was very much in want of snuff. Ho said 
 he liad set the surgeon of Ins ship to work to 
 make sniiff out of leaf tobacco, but he had made 
 but little progress, which, I believe, was mor« 
 from want of the weed to make it with, than ti)e 
 surgeon*s inability to perform the work. Cap- 
 tain Lyon supplied him with some of our pre- 
 sent snuff; and we also supplied his men with 
 some tob ceo, as they said tliey were very short 
 of that article : he took our despatches on boani 
 of the Achilles. Tljey made sail, and were 
 very soon lost to our view. We were then in 
 l^t. 60^, ^5\ N. and ia long. 55®, 28', west. 
 
 Thursday, October 20* This mon.tnr ^y^ 
 saw two ships. Spoke one of tiiem cnlled tlie 
 Henrietta of Aberdeen, who told us the ot?jer 
 ship was called the Alexander of Aberdeen. 
 These ships were poorly fished. They said 
 there were but few fish killed this season. 
 
 If 
 
■m, 
 
 M, ■ 
 
 m> 
 
 82 
 
 Friday, October 21. Strong breezes. Saw 
 one small iceberg to-day. 
 
 Saturday, October 22. Saw another strange 
 sail this morning; it was the North Pole of 
 Leith, a whale ship. Captain Lyon ordered 
 them to lower down one of th^ir boats, and 
 come on board of us. They he&itated some 
 time ; however, they lowered a boat down, and 
 nianned the boat with all the principal hands 
 they had on board who were protected from 
 being impressed, thinking our sl«p was a man 
 of war (as* we had a pendant flying,) sent out on 
 purpose to impress men from the whale ships, 
 thinking a war had broke out. Our m«n sup- 
 plied the boat's Ci-ew with some tobacco and 
 pipes. After remaining some time on board 
 of oui- ship. Captain Lyon asked the chief mate 
 who came in the boat, if they cotdd spare us 
 any water ; he said they were rather short 
 of it, and could not spare us feoy. Captain 
 Lyon then asked the chief mate if he thought 
 they stood in need of any thing he could assist 
 them with ; and if they did to let him know, 
 saying he would kal vefy happy in relieving 
 
83 
 
 s. Saw 
 
 strange 
 Pole of 
 ordered 
 its, and 
 d some 
 wn, and 
 il hands 
 id from 
 5 a man 
 teuton 
 
 «n sup- 
 Dco and 
 1 board 
 ief mate 
 pare us 
 r short 
 Captain 
 thought 
 d assist 
 . know, 
 Blleviflg 
 
 iheni. The mate said he believed they stood 
 in need of some canvas ; the crew went in the 
 l>oat, and the mate followed. Hie mate said he 
 would return with an answer from the mas- 
 ler ; but as soon as they arrived on board o\' 
 theh' own vessel, they hoisted up their boat, 
 mtule sail, and went away in a most ungracious 
 manner. 
 
 Sunday, October 23. At day-light this morn* . 
 ing it looketl very black and squally, when it 
 broke out into a severe gale of wind from the 
 s. E. We close»refeffed the topsails, handed tlie 
 mainsail, and sent down our top gallant yards 
 and masts. 
 
 . Monday, October 24. The gale still conti- 
 nues, with rain and sJeet ; and tlie sea running 
 very, high, shipping a great deal of -water, we 
 battened dow|i all our hatches. We saw two 
 ships di^ant from us about seven miles.. 
 
 •Tuesday, October 25. No alteration, as the 
 gale still continues. Wind s. e. 
 
 Wednesday, October £6. More moderate ; 
 l>ut a very heavy sen running. Th^ peopU^ 
 emj)loyed repairing damages done to thie rigg*- 
 
M 
 
 iiig during the gale. Another strange saii in 
 sight on our weather quarter. 
 .. Thursday, October 27. Moderate weather. 
 Carricil on a press of sail to hasten our return 
 to England. 
 
 In Jay, October 28. The weather fine. Car- 
 ry ing on all sail. 
 
 Saturday, October 29. Strong breezes from 
 the s. w. We trimmed sails to advantage. 
 
 Sunday, October 30. At noon more moder- 
 ate. Set the foretop mast studding sail. The 
 weather looking vei-y hazy, hauled it down 
 again. At half-past twelve, p. m. a heavy squall 
 •ame on while we were at dinner, which carried 
 away our foretop mast; it broke in three pir ccs. 
 All hands were called to clear away the wreck. 
 At two o'clock, it came on to rain very heavy, 
 which continued all the time the peaple were at 
 work, till they were perfectly drenched. We 
 got another topmast up, and all to rights, by 
 six o'clock, p. 31. when it came on to blow, rain, 
 and hail most tremendously. Sent down top 
 gallant yards and raast«?, and closc-rccffed our 
 topsails. 
 
m 
 
 eather. 
 return 
 
 . Car- 
 
 is from 
 
 nodcr- 
 
 The 
 
 ilown 
 
 squall 
 
 arried 
 
 (i?:;avy, 
 ere at 
 We 
 ts, by 
 I rain, 
 n top 
 d our 
 
 V* 
 
 c Monday, Octobor .^1. No alteration ; -the 
 
 gale fttill continue?- At noon it cleared away 
 
 11 little. We are in lat. 52"", 30S N. and long. 
 
 33% l-7\ w. 
 
 Tuesday, November L, No alteration, as 
 
 the "ale still continues. 
 
 Wcdnesdav, November 2. More moderate. 
 Me saw a strange sail to the windward of us. 
 Slie bore down nnto us, and hoisted her ensign. 
 It was an English Brig homeward bound. To- 
 wards evening we lost sight of her again. 
 
 Thursday, November 3. Strong breezes from 
 the K. w. which are right after us. 
 
 Friday, November 4. The people employed 
 repairing sails. The ship sailing before the 
 wind with a fine breeze, and studding sails set 
 on both sides. Lat. 50«, 30', n, long. 19^ 50', 
 west. 
 
 Saturday, November 5. The weather still 
 the same; and the wind n. w. The people 
 employed variously. 
 
 Suaday, November 6, No alteration j the 
 wind N. w. 
 
 Monday, Npvember 7. No alteration ; the 
 
86 
 
 ■/ f 
 
 wliuT j;. w. TTje |7eopIe employed maklrifj 
 points aiul gaskets for the sails. At eleven 
 o'clock, p. M. killed a purpoise, distant from 
 Scillv I'JO miles. 
 
 Tuesday, November 8. No alteration ; the 
 wind N. w. We altered our course more to 
 the eastward to-day. At half- past three, p. M. 
 we sa\Y land from the mast head. At nine 
 o'clock, p. M. had the liiwrd lights abreast of 
 us. Passed by several strange sails. 
 
 Wednesday, November 9. This mornin** 
 we thought we were abreast of Plymouth. We 
 hauled in for the land at eight o'clock, a. m. 
 We discovered we had passed Plymouth ; and 
 were abreast of Torbay to the eastward of Ply- 
 mouth. W^e made sail for Portsmouth. At 
 six o'clock, p. M. it came on to rain very heavy. 
 And at eight o'clock, it came on to blow a 
 strong breeze. We reeflfed the topsails, ^va\ 
 sent down .top gallant yards; and gtru;;k \\\^. 
 masts. Several strange sails in si^ht* Wc 
 kept under easy sail all night. At six o'clock, 
 A. M. we made signals for c pilot, by bufnin|^ 
 blue lights. At day^light^ in the morning, a {Miot 
 
 »■"..- »■ ' ->i » - 
 
81 
 
 came on boavtl. At nine o'clock, a. m. pas-sed 
 through the needles. 
 
 Thursday, November 10. The Admiral made 
 a signal for us to bring the ship to anchor at 
 Spithead, when Captain Lyon made a signal j( 
 distress, and ran into Portsmouth liaibtmr, 
 where we brought ship to anchor abreast ol' th«i 
 King's Stairs, maVing six calender months from 
 the day we left thtt Chatham hulk at Deptford 
 till our arrival in Portsmouth harbour. 
 
 THE fils^D.