^^"^o. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I us ^^^ BiiM Itt IM 12.2 :!f ii£ 12.0 FhotDgraiiiic Sciences Corporation ^%^ <^^<^ 23 WIST MAIN STIIIT WnSTIR,N.Y. USM (7l6)t7a-4S03 ', MILLS. rs' FLOUR RS se, &c., &c. K MAKK DUR SIAKI' FROM IIAI.IIAX. Ihc IJapital of Nova Scotia, from her long ass(H;iution witli the mihlary and navy of the Mothir Country, the most thoroughly liritJHh < ity on the ( ontmcnt, The fame of her maKnifirent harbor i<« known in every land, and it in universally ai knowied^cil to lie the finest in the world. Halifax hotels. S|K-(;klcd trout and lake trout fishing on the lakes and streams within driving distance is .ilwayH good, and a few salmon are killed in the rivers each season. Moose are found in the Stewiac ke Mountains, and cariboo about I'embrokt ; grouse are plentiful, and gecsc, brant, dtu k, < urlew and snipe are r ommon in the spring and fall. From Truro a bram h line runs to I'k loii, is the present winter port fur the ICnglish iiuiils, and is a Itritish I where steamers de|>art fur Charluttetown, I'riix c lidwatd Inland, Hautax, from military and naval station It is a strongly fortified city, chief of the fortifications bein^ the Citadel, elevated 256 feet above sea- level, and commanding the city and harbor; McNab'sand George's Islands, in the harbor, are also strongly fortified. The fortifica- tions, the Arm, Bedford Basin, the Dockyard, the public buildin ;., gardens, &c., Ike, are all worth a visit. Halifax has communica- tion with all parts of the world by steamer and sailing vessels, and a very important trade with Europe, the United States, the West Indies, &c., kc. Population 40,000. The first stop is at Windsor Station. The Windsor and An- napolis Railway traverses that land of national and romantic asso- ciations, the matchless Annapolis Valley, scene of many a stirring incident in olden days, and famed the world over as the home of Longfellow's Evangeline. Journeying westward our next important stop is at the town of Truro. Population 5,500. A pretty and thriving place in the midst of most picturesque scenery, boasting several comfortable TUB CiTADKU and another branch runs to Mulgrave, on the straits of Canso, con- neciing with steamers for Cape Breton Island. Londonderry has the Acadian Iron Works a few miles from the town, a branch line extending to them. Oxford has extensive factories, a profitable industry being the manufacture of 'je celebrated Oxford cloths. Near Spring Hill arc important coal mines — and from here a branch line extends to the watering place of Parsboro on the Minas Basin. Amherst is a flourishing little town with several good hotels. Hunting and fishing are both fair, the game comprising moose, geese and duck, and salmon trout are plentiful in the lakes. Sackville \\z.^ a fine college and Methodist academies, and is situated in a choice grazing county. From Painsec Junction a branch line extends to Point Du Chene, connecting with steamers for Summerside, Prinire Edward Island. Moncton, has a population of 7,500, situated on a bend of the Petitcodiac River. It is growing rapidly and bids fair 10 attain considerable importance. It is the centre of the Intercolonial R'y ADVERTISEMENTS. M. &L SAMUEL, BENJAMIN HOMPJIIIY, IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN BRITISH CONTINENTAL HARDWARE AMERICAN CANADIAN METALS, TIN PLATES. Etc. Also LAMPS, LAMP GOODS, GAS FIXTURES, Etc. SystemI good which featurel water rl Thj througn is a finJ the trail town, surrour many s| abunda roundiij to pleaf of St. No. 26, 28 and 30 Front Street West, TORONTO, ONTARIO. Special attention given to all Import orders. SAMUEL SONS & BENJAMIN, LIYKRPOOI, HOUSK, No. 1 KUMFORD PLACK The "Eastlake" Fire -Proof Sheet Sleel Shingles, Painted or Galvanized, are special!]^ adapted for Mills, Elevators and Houses. Anyone can put them on. ^ Elevator Fire- proof Steel Siding Plates and Steel Pressed Brick FOR ALL CLASSES OF BUILDINGS. Our goods are used by the Dominion and Ontario Governments, and by the largest Millers and Elevator owners in Canada ; also by the principal railway companies. The "Eastlake" Shingles are Guaranteed to be Heavier, and may be laid for 25 per cent, less than any of their competitors. Circulars, Price List and Testimonials, furnished free on application to the sole manufacturers. THE METALLIC ROOFING 10. OF CANADA, Limited, 82 Yonge Street. Toronto. FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. AMERICAN 3A.NIAD1AN System and offices and workshops are located here. It has several good hotels, and many important industries, prominent among which are the Sugar Refinery and Cotton Factory. An interesting feature of the river is the " Bore " of the incoming tide, when the water rushes in with. great force in a wave many feet high. The first part of the journey from Moncton to St. John lies through an unattractive region, but between Petitcodiac and Sussex is a fine farming country, and many pretty views are obtained from the train. Sussex is a village that is likely to develop into a large town. It is situated in the beautiful Kennebecasis Valley and surrounded by some of the finest New Brunswick (arms. A great many small lakes lie to the East and South, where large trout are abundant. In the immediate vicinity is a wealth of scenery, the rounding hills and abrupt heighty forming pictuies that cannot fail to please. Hampton is a popular summer resort for the citizens of St. John, and is growing steadily. the finest rowing courses in the world. A trip up the St, John river to Fredericton by steamer will reveal all the changing beauties of that stream. Steamers ply daily between St. John and Digby and Annapolis, and the International Line of steamers give con- nection with Eastport, Me., Portland and Boston. Good trout fishing and shooting can be had near the city. At Fredericton Junction connections are made for the city of Fredericton, sometimes called " the Celestial City." Population 10,000. It is the capital of New Brunswick and is well worth a visit. At Mc.\dam Junction connections are made for Woodstock, N. B., Houlton, Me., and Presque Isle, Me., to the north, and for Calais, Me., St. Stephen, N. B., and the beautiful watering place, St. Andrews, N. B., to the south. St. Andrews is situated on Passamaquoddy Bay, and for natural advantages is not surpassed by any point on that portion of the Atlantic coast ■m-'^r'm^ ^^^ ■•%■.■;■/■■■--» ■^fmrni: -JI^S^^I^ FORD VhACK. Bssed Brick St. Johx, Miw BaviiswicK. St. John, N. B. !'opulation 40,000 Ihc wonderful "new city " that rose from le ashes of the terrible conflagration which destroyed old St. John in June, 1877, devastating nine miles of streets and causing a loss of between twenty and thirty millions of dollars. But her citizens are resolute and enterprising, and stately buildings soon filled the great gap left by the flames, and there is nothing to indicate the awful calamity to day. Old St. John, with all hei romantic tokens of French rule and Acadian simplicity, is lost, but new St. John fills her place admir bly, and is now a busy modern centre. St. John is a maritime city, and a great feature is the Bay of Fundy and the grand harbor, an inspection of the fine wharves and different craft being always of special interest to a visitor. The St. John river, "the Rhine of America," with its wonderful " reversible cataract," should be seen by every visitor ; also the fine suspension bridge and railway cantilever bridge near the falls. Close to the city, on the Kennebecasis river, is one of I From Tomah west the country is wild and rugged, and in- tersected by streams and lakes — a good territory for the sportsman, I but as the villages are all new they possess no features worthy of ! special notice. I Here the Penobscot river is crossed, and many canoeists make this station their objective point, descending the river from Moose- head lake, a trip that offers great inducements in the way of fishing and scenery. At Brownville Junction the line of the Kathadin Iron Works Railway is crossed. The scenery along this section of the line coiiijiares well with the best bits of Maine, Lake Onawa being, perhaps, as pretty as any of the numerous waters. At Wilson stream the road runs close to the base of Boarstone Moun- tain. The two stately iron bridges will be noticed before Green- ville is reached. The fishing and hunting of this section is excep- tionally good. Greenville is a busy little town on the shore of Moosehead 10 advertisemp:nts. I MIDDLETON & MEREDITH JO St. John Sti^eet, MontreaL METAL DEPARTMENT. RAILWAY SUPPLIES, PHOSPHOR BRONZE. Iron Beams and Girders, WIRE ROPES, TELEGRAPH WIRE, SULPHATE OF COPPER, GAMBIER, TELEGRAPH CABLES, BLEACHING POWDER, Silicate Boiler Cloth, SODA ASH, Crucible Cast Steel. SULPHATE ALUMINA. CHEMICAL DEPARTMENT. CHEMICALS, Sulphate of Copper ANILINES, EXTRACTS, DYE WOODS, OHN Burns & Sons, (Late of HUTCHINSON & BURNS.) Manufacturers of all kinds of Light and Heai/y All work manufactured from the best materials, and finished with Noble k Hoare's English Varnishes- }Iau2tfactiircvsfor the Doininiou Express Co, of Canada. 104 John Street, TORONTO, - - - ONTARIO. :dith =>ARTMENT. ONS, d Heavy S - laterials.and Varnishes. Caitadf '7 FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. It .TE OF Copper rs, VE WOODS, \ I POWDER, ALUMINA. Lake, the grandest of all the countless waters of Maine. 'I'his is a very popular point with those who love the rod and rifle, as within easy reach are any number of trout waters and rare good hunting grounds, moose, cariboo, deer, bear, grouse, etc., being found within a short distance. There are several hotels that offer f xcellent accommodation, (luidcs, canoes, etc., can be obtained on the spot. Moosehead Lake is about forty miles long by from one to fifteen wide and its scenery is unsurpassed. From Green- ville station steamers run to all the jioints of interest, including Mount Kineo and the popular hotel at its base, the Kineo House. Moosehead is a small station, also upon the lake shore. Near Askwith station the Kennebec river leaves Moosehead Lake. Trout brook is, as its name indicates, close to a good fishing water. south to the summer resort of Newport, Vt., situated at the south- ern end of Lake Memphremagog, where it connects with the Mon- treal and Boston Air Line of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Sherbrooke, the metropolis of the English speaking district of the " Eastern Townships," is an exceedingly pretty place, wilh a pop- ulation of about 9,000, and possessing many busy factories .-nd business establishments that compare well wilh those of much larger cities. The rapid Magog and St, Francis rivers unita their currents I. ere and the falls of the Magog are well worth seeing. From here runs the Quebec Central Railway to Quebec. Magog is situated upon the shore of Lake Memphremagog, a magnificent sheet of water dotted with many islands and sur- rounded by rugged heavily wooded hills. This lake is a justly QnRRBc, PROM Point Levis. TARIO. From Jackman the Moose river and its chain of lakes are easily reached, where game and fish are abundant. Long I.ake is a water of this chain. Holeb, Caswell and Beattie are small stations near the boundary between Maine and Quebec. We now reach the boundary mountains which divide the State of Maine from the Province of Quebec, and the remainder of the journey is through Canadian territory. Lake Megantic is twelve miles long by from one to four wide, and like Moosehead it is a favorite spot with sportsmen. Near Lake Megantic is Spider l«vke, the " Geneva of Canada," where the Club House of the Megantic Fish and Game Club is located. At Megantic Station sportsmen can find fairly good accommodation, and secure guides for a hunt- ing or fishing trip. At Lennoxville, distant three miles from Sherbrooke, connec- tions are made with the Boston and Maine Railroad, running popular one wilh summer tourists who never weary of its lovely scenery. Its two famous mountains— Elephantis, and Owl's Head, are the most imposing of the neighboring heights. From Magug Station a sleamer makes a circuit of the lake daily, during '.he summer season, touching at all important points, including the fashionable resort of Newjiort, Vt., at the southern extremity. This cruise by steamer forms a delightful side-trip and reveals all the beauties of the lake. k\. Foster the Sutton Junction and St. ' Uaume Branch of the Canadian Railway is crossed. We now arrive at IJrigham Junction where the Montreal and Boston Air Line diverges for the White Mountains and Boston, and at Farnham the Stanbridge and Sorel branch of the Canadian Pacific Railway is crossed. Caughnawaga is an Inrltan village on the south shore of the St. Lawrence, where dwell the descendants of the once powerful Iroquois nation. From here come the cele- 12 ADVERTISEMENTS. 1839.— ESI /^BUSHED HALF A CENTURY ABO.— 1889. D. MASSON & CO., MONTREAL, J. S. FRY & SONS. liiistol, Knghind, CHOCOLATES and COCOAS. JAMES VIOLETT, BIRD-MOYAT, liordeaux. Franre, French products generally, and PRUNES and IM.U.MS in Kegs, Cases and Class Jars. JOHN WINDSOR, Petit Rocher, X. H., CANNED GOODS— LION brand Lohsteis, 'I'omatoes, Corn, &c., iVc, PAUL AUGIER, Aix, France, French MACARONI and VERMICELLI. A. PUGET & CO., Marseille, France, FINE EATING OILS. "LA VIERGE," White CAS TILE SO.\P in Bars and Cakes a specialty ; also Mottled Soap at all prices. JH. FLON FILS, Nantes, France, CONSERVES ALIMENTAIRES, Peas, Beans, Mushrooms, Sardines in Oil, &c., &c. « USINES de WYGMAEL, Louvain, Belgium, REMV'S Royal RICE STARCH. LOUIS CHANBON FILS, Marseille, France, SULPHUR and BRIMSTONE. DUC de MOHTEBELLO CHAMPAGNE. LUCIEN FOUCAULD & CO., Cognac, France, Superior BR.ANDIES. Van DULKEN WEILAND & CO., Rotterdam, Holland, EAGLE brand GIN. ALJUILHON FRERE AINE, Bordeaux, France, CLARETS and SAUTERNES in Wood and Cases, all wired Bottles. W. E. JOHNSON & CO., Liveriiool, England, Bottlers of dUINNESS'S Extra S roU r. COMPASS brand. MAIRE & FILS. IJcauiic, Fr.ince, BURG UNI )V WINES. AUGUSTE de MULLER, Terragona, Spain, SPANISH WINES. VERMOUTH and LIQUEURS. B. A. Van DORP. Rotterdam, Holland. RIVOIRE & LOMBARD, Marseille, France. BAIN BRUEL, Vve. CHIRAC & CIE, Lyon, France. JAS. WATSON it CO., Dundee, Scotland, GLENLIVET Whiskey, Scotch and • Irish Whiskies, Old TOM Gm. Jamaica RUM. miu wmm wmmmm. mmwm BEST VALUE FO R SALE EVERYWHE R E. SOLE iStMTS IN CtmOA AND UNIJEO STATES, D. MASSON S CO.. MOMTKAL N.B. -Correspondence solicited from the Trade ^nerally, and from Manufa^iturers and Produeert. Samples and Prices supplied on application. Orders always [ promptly attended to. FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. •3 and Cakes a specialty ; also »l RICE STARCH. Jrated dusky lacrosse players. Crossing the broad St. Lawrence Iby the wonderful new steel bridge a fine view is obtained up and Idown the river. Just below are the famous Lachine Rapids. [This bridge was built by the Canadian Pacific Railway, The [channel spans are each 408 feet long and lofty enough to allow the [passage of the largest steamers and it is justly considered one of Ithe engineering triumphs of the century. On the north shore of |lhe St. Lawrence we reach the pretty little village of Lachine — thence on to Montreal Junction, from whence the several lines of [the Canadian Pacific Railway extend to 'loronto, Ottawa, Quebec, Winnipeg and Boston. There we finally roll along upon the ele- ivated tracks, until the train stops under a lofty ceiling and we have ■arrived at the stately stone structure, lately completed, and known las the Canadian Pacific Railway's Windsor Street Station, Mon- treal. John. To Levis, on the opposite bank of the St. Lawrence, come the Grand Trunk, the Intercolonial, anJ the Quebec Central. Transatlantic steamers of the Allan, Beaver and Dominion lines land here in summer, and local steamers depart for the lower St. Lawrence. The population of the city is 75,000. Between Quebec and Three Rivers are ancient settlements, or- iginally seignories, fronting upon the St. Lawrence. Powerful rivers come down from the hills at freciucnt intervals, giving water-power to almost every village. The fishing is excellent in all of these streams, and one of them (the Jacques Cartier) is a noted salmon river. All the villages are quaint and picturesque in the highest degree, and French is almost universally spoken. Lake St. John R'y Junction is at the divergence of a line to Lake St, John and the head waters of the Saguenay, where shooting and fishing of every kind are plentiful. Lorette is mainly a settlement of Chris- i-iMMrJH:^ ^>'.vr'^'''-'i'P''"''iPK/ 1^ ■^ - .A I Ilium -'. m . ■ t . r ^. - Montreal, Que., v Between Quebec and Montreal. Quebec. This old city occupies the base and summit of a lofty crag projecting iivo the St. I^wrence. Jacques Cartier, the first European who sailed into the river, spent the winter of 1535 at the base of the cliflTs, and French fur companies soon after es- tablished here a headquarters for trading. As the settlement grew and the fortifications ;re enlarged, Quebec became the stronghold of Canada, remaining so until captured by the English under Wolfe, in 1 759. No city in America is so grandly situated, or offers views from its higher points so diversified and lovely. In Upper Town, on the highlands, the public buildings, churches, convents, schools, business blocks and hotels are found. Lower Town is the commercial quarter, and abounds in irregular, narrow streets and quaint old houses. Enormous transactions in lumber go on here annually. The lower valley of the St. Lawrence and the northern lumbering regions draw their merchandise from this centre. The surrounding country is remarkably interesting in scenery, history, ind opportunities for sport. The railways lead- ing here are the Canadian Pacific, and the Quebec & Lake St. ROM THE Mountain. tianized Huron Indians, founded 250 years ago. Portneuf (pop. 2,500) is a thriving ''ictory town devoted principally to shoe-mak- ing and wood pulp. From Piles Junction a branch line extends to the farming district of Grand Piles, 22 miles northward, near the great Shawanegan Falls in the St. Maurice, a stream affording fine fishing. The next place of importance is Three Rivers, at the mouth of the St, Maurice, and at the head of tidewater in the St. Lawrence. It was founded in 1618, and played an important part in the early history of Canada. It is eminent for its Roman Catholic institu- tions, and is one of the prettiest towns in the province. The chief industry is the shipment of lumber. The Dominion Government has expended $200,000 in improving navigation upon the St. Maurice, and over $1,000,000 has been invested in mills and booms above the city where logs are accumulated. Theie are large iron- works and machine shops here, making stoves and car-wheels in great numbers from the bog-iron ore of the vicinity. Steamers ply daily to adjacent river villages. Population 10,000. The route now lies across the lowlands stretching between the northern bank of the St. Lawrence and the hills which lie at a dis- tance from the river constantly increasing as we proceed. This is for the most part a perfectly levei and closely cultivated plain, cut 14 ADVERTISEMENTS. 8. & H. BORBRIDCE, ALEX. FLECK, Jr. Whoi.bsai.k and Rrtaii. Dea'.sps in LEATHER, SADDLERY-HARDWARE, ROSES & WHIPS, Also MANt!KA(TURaRs of SADDLES, HARI\/ESS, TRUNKS. VALISES, BAGS, SATCHELS, HORSE-BLANKETS, BEEF AND OIL-TANNED MOCCASINS. 88. to 94 Ride:m St., 15 to 23 Sparks St and 186 Sparks St., , Ottawa, - - Ontario. | 428 WellinglOD Street, SUCCESSOR TO STEWART & FLECK, Jr. Manufacturers of eve**/ description of Mill Machinery, Water Wheels, Steam Engines and Boilers, Derricks, Steam Pumps — AND— Mining Machinery. REPAIRS PROMPTLY EXECUTED. OTTAWA, ONT. Kebt. P. BarrU. VBTABUSBBS ia«e. Tito*. OampbaU. Harris & Campbell, Manufacturers, Importers and Dealers in PLAIN AND FANCV pURNITURK Special attention given to the making and fitting up of CURTAINS, DRAPERIES, POLES AND CORNICES, Vulcan • Boiler * Works. Making and Laying of Carpets, Oil Cloths, &c., &c. Bannerman S Powers, (Successors to McBfide A Co.) MANUFACTURERS OF AND STEEL BOILERS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, Tanks, Girders, Iron Roofing, Bank Vaults, Smoke Stacks ART FURNITURE WAREROOMS : 34, 36, 38 O'Connor, near Sparks Street, Ottawa, Ontario. And all kinds of Sheet Iron work. 428 A 430 Wellington Street, OTTAWA. BoHer Tubes Welded and Repairs Promptly Execnted. John Bannkkman. P. J. Powers. FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 15 into the small fields that characterize French farinin;; districts |)ruughout the older parts of Quebec, and result from the continual jb division of bequeathed estates. The comjjact villages are very Irosperous and much resorted to in the summer by city people. In e.ich one ihe churches and educational or charitable institutions If the Roman Catholic faith are the most conspicuous buildings. lear Louiseville (pop. 1,500), where Lake St. I'eter is seen, are the Leon Springs, a popular watering place and health resort. Icrthier and I^anoraie junctions are the stations for populous |vcr-landings of the same names, reached by short branch lines. At Joliette Junction branch lines run to Joliette (pop. 3,500), St. felix de Valois (pop. 2,500), and St. (labriel de Brandon. At ferrebonne the north branch of the Ottawa is crossed. Here are |>e limestone quarries which furni.sh most of the stone used in the eighboring cities, and in railway bridge building and other heavy pasonry. The large building passed at St. Vincent de I'aul is the rovincial penitentiary. At .St. Martin's Junction the main line is bined and followed round the base of Mount Royal into Montreal. our berths and seats in the luxurious sleeping cars that run to the Pacific Coast and are ready for our six days journey. The first station after leaving Montreal is Hochelaga. The "east end " of Montreal. The railway workshops and cattle depot are situ&ted he . Mile-end Junction. Suburb of Montreal. Junction with lines for Toronto, Boston, etc. The next station is Sault aux Recollets. Rapids of a branch of the Ottawa are here. Ste. Rose, at the crossing of the north branch of the Ottawa, is a charming P'rench village, an' a favorite place of summer resi- dence. From here to Ottawa the line follows the northern bank of the Ottawa, and frequent views are had of its broad waters bear- ing numerous steamboats, lumber barges and rafts of timber. The valley is divided into narrow, well tilled H"rench farms, mo.stly de- voted to dairy products. Picturesque villages are passed at frequent intervals. Streams coming down from the Laurentian Hills at the north afford frequent water-powers and good fishing. At St. Therese three branch lines diverge to Sc. Lm, St. Jerome and St. EXECUTED, i'.AKt.IA.MKNl Hll.L, Uri'AWA. Montreal is the commercial metropolis and also the chief city ' bf Canada, situated on an island formed by the St. Lawrence knd Ottawa rivers, and on the site of the ancient Indian vil- lage of Hochelaga, visited by Jacques Cartier in 1535. A pading-post was established here by the French 250 years Bgo, and this was the last place yielded by the French to the English in 1763. For many years it was the chief centre of the fur trade. Atlantic steamships oi' the Allan, Dominion, Beaver and Bther lines run here. The St. Lawrence river and canals bring this vay a large part of the trade of the Great Lakes. Numerous rail- Jway lines, mostly controlled by the Canadian Pacific and Grand Trunk companies, radiate from here in all directions. Both these companies have their principal offices and workshops here, and both have great bridges over the St. Lawrence River. The city tjas a far-reaching trade and great manufacturing establishments ; lias fine wharves of masonry, vast warehouses and grain elevators, ^posing public buildings,handsome residences and superior hotels. Trains run direct to New York, Boston and Portland, as well as to ill Canadian cities ; and the trans-continental trains of the Canadian Pacific Railway run from here to the Pacific Coast with- out change. Population (with suburbs) 250,000. We now secure Eustache. Lachute (pop. 2 coo) has large paper mills and wood working and other industries, and is an important shipping point for dairy products. At Calumet are extensive saw-mills, and these occur frequently all along the river. Near Calumet are the cele- bratedCaledonia Mineral Springs — a much frequented health resort, with good hotels and attractive surroundings. Prom Buckingham station a short branch line extends northward to phosphate, mica and plumbago mines, from which great quantities of these miner- als are shipped. Just beyond the station the main line of the rail- way crosses, by an iron bridge, directly over the magnificent falls of the Lievre River. Crossing the Gatineau River, the Government Buildings at Ottawa come into view on a high cliff at the left — a striking group. From Hull a branch line diverges, keeping north of the Ottawa through Aylmer and for fifty miles bt yond. Leav- ing Hull, the main line swings round; crosses a long iron bridge from which a fine view of the Chaudiere Falls is obtained, and enters Ottawa in the Province of Ontario. Ottawa has a population of 40,000. Picturesquely situated at the junction of the Rideau River with the Ottawa. The Chau- diere Falls, which here interrupt the navigation of the Ottawa River, afford water-power for a host of saw-mills and other manu i6 ADVERTISEMENTS. D. MARSHALL LANG, Geiu-riil JA;//ift,'(V, London, Eng. J. T. VINCENT, 1 , ., RICHARD FREYGANG, ] ■^"""' 'V'"""."-' /'"■ ^""""'" OHO OH iDji^EoaroiiS I ii VV. H Hl!TTON, Esq., (J as. Hiitton & Co..) Montreal. R. C. JAMIESON, IC;.',! , (K. <-• Jamieson & Co ,) Montreal. W. CASSILS, (I'res Dominion ''"ransport Co.,) Montreal. D. GiKouAKn, y.c, r.p. LARRATT W. SMITH. DC.!., (Prea. Building and Loan Association! Toronto. S. NORDHEIMER, Esq., (A. & S. Nordheimer> Toronto. GEO. R. R. COCKBURN, Esy., M.P., (Fres. Toronto Land and Investment Corporation,) Toronto. /nsfiie/ors—W. G. BROWN. A. D. G. VANWART. C. GELINAS. Assistant Inspector for (Mitario—'E. II. SAMMONS, Esq. ./"/■///• hf,inp. i,coo) is an old fur-trading |)ost of the Hudson's Bay Company, but at present of most importance as a distributing jioint for the lumber- ing districts. It is a favorite centre for moose hunters, and guides and supplies for hunting expeditions may always be obtained here. At Mattawa the line leaves the Ottawa and strikes across towards Lake Nipissing, through a somewhat wild and broken country with fiequent lakes and rapid streams. Fishing and hunting are ex- cellent. Little villages sur- rounding sawmills continue to occur and newly-made farms are not infrequent. There is plenty of good land near by, but the railway here, as in many other places, fol- Mattawa, Ont. lows the streams and the l8 ADVKRTISEMKNTS. (I WM. CROFT & SONS, ma\i;kacti)heks a\i> imi*»htkhs of NEEDLES. FISHING CKCKLE S GENERKL SMKLLWKRES. Specialties in Tackle Department: HOOKS, COD HOOKS, FLIES, RODS, REELS, LINES, BAITS. MINNOWS, &C. Specialties in Sniallware Department : NEEDLES, PINS, HAIR PINS, COMBS, PEARL AND AGATE BUTTONS, &C. 87 COLBOKNE STREET, TORONTO, CANADA. THE Sterling • Boilers ARE r\EQUALLEI) FOR Safety, Economy of Fuel, Dryness of Steam, Facility of Inspection, and Dnrability. They are the Cheapest Boilers in the market for the actual amount of water turned into dry steam per hour, and this is the only reliable test of any boiler. They burn any kind of fuel and are safe at any pressure. No cast iron is used in their construction. There are no stays, and the removal of three manhole covers, even in the largest boilers, gives access to the interior of the drums and to both ends of every tube. No explosion is possible because the flame never touches the shell at all. The circulation is perfect. All the water must pass through the large mud drum and deposit its sediment. There can be no unequal expansion. The Dominion Safety Boiler Company's boilers are in use in Sugar Refineries, Rolling Mills, Cordage Works, Coal Mines, Machine Shops, Lumber Mills, Paper Mills, Wire Rope Works, Mechanical Pulp Works, Electric Light Stations and Office Buildings. For full particulars and prices apply to the manufacturers. THE DOMimON SAFETY BOILER GO, Limited, 31 Wellingtain Street. Montreal, Que. Fishing Nets and Twines, Oiled Clothing AND Waterproof Sheets. Ship Chandlery, Flags, Ming, Etc. Wire Rope, Rif:ging & Splicing. SENU FOK PRICE LIST. 0". liEOKIIE, 13 CxIURCH ST., TORONTO. ^1 FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 19 ORONTO. Sportsman's I'akmuhk, Nkak Nomii IIav, Ont. reaks " in ihe country, and the best is not seen from the car Udows. A mile I.eyond I'hornclilTe is tiie junction of the jithcrn & Northwestern Railway from Toronto, Hamilton, agara Falls, etc., commn north hy way of Like Sinn oe and the jskoka Lakes. Its trains run on to North Ray, where the actual inection with the (Canadian I'acific i"«"" I Mtreal h is I lion, i| LTC o nunonl «ei UNC E STIMATE S FUR NISHED FOR ALL KINDS OF Ironwork and Heating. Wm. Clendinneng & Son MONTRKAL, QUB. Iteads ( ?ox\. A Pol I^ndit rhund Fort V tion 01 an I-a Icraft > Idian I ■ town jlished -oni [its sil [neigV [Aloi bay, FROM OCEAN TO OCKAN. at ? 3CS i mmom s. Son Rhould be on the hiokoiit before rcarhiriK I'cnitnula. 'I'lic it Hwcci> arouml Jai kfiih Hay ii partuiilurly fine. Itcyoml ireihvr (a diviiiional jioint and rcfrcNhincnt station) a chain of idN Hcparati'H NcpiKon Hay from Lake S(i|M'rii)r, and the shore he hay in followed to and l)eyond Ncpinon Station. Ilctween wiMirt and (Iravel Kiver some of the heaviest work on the entire of the railway ix ( urs. I'he constantly changing views on ii)(on Kay are ( harming. All of the .streams emptying into ;e Superior > onlain spei kleil trout in plenty, and in some of streams, Nepigon Kiver espe« lally, they are noted for their ;c size six |H)unders hcing not uncommon. Ne|)iKon Kiver, |ich is < rossed hy a line iron hridxe a little before reaching the ion, is a beautiful stream, well known to sportsmen. Kvery- re on Lake Superior whitetish and tiic lar^e lake trout are nion. Three miles beyond Nepigon the railway turns around |§C base of Red Ku«:k, a high, bright red ilifT, and, avoiding the behind whiih licH the famous Silver Islot, which has yicldt almoul fabulous wealth. I'ic Island, another mountain of columnar haitalt, divide* the entrance to the bay, which is flanked on the west by the Mackay Mount lin, overlooking I'ort William. Look ing out between I'ie Island and Thunder Cape, Isle Koyale may be seen in the distance. Watihes ihould be «et back one hour, in conformity with "Central " Htandird time, at this point. \Ve stop i5 minutes for refreshments at Kort William. I'op. 1,400. A Hudson's Hay Co.'i post of 100 years or more standing, but now given uj) to the re(piirements of modern commerce. The fur house of the old fort is now used as an engine-house for the great co.d do<'ks, and one of the largest grain elevators in the world overshadows all. The Kaminis'.i(piia River, a broad, deep stream with firm banks, affords extraordinary advantages for lake tralhc, and immense <|uantities of coal, lumber and grain are handled here. There arc railway worksho|)s and the usual buildings and Main St , Winnipko, Man. [leads of HIack Day and Thunder Bay, takes a straight course for fort Arthur. Port Arthur. Fop. 3,500. Formerly called Prince Arthur's [.ending. A beautifully situated town on the west shore of Thunder Hay, an important arrn of I.ake Superior ; together with Fort William, four miles distant, the lake-poit of the western sec- lion of the Canadian Pacific Railway and the chief Canadian port Ion I..ake Superior. I.arge numbers of steamers and other lake Icraft arrive and depart daily. 'The fine steamships of the Cana- Idian Pacific Company ply between here and Owen Sound. The jtown has a large grain elevator, extensive docks and a well estab- llished trade. It has substantial buildings and a number of hotels -one of them a very handsome structure. From the beauty of [its situation, its accessibility and the opportunities for sport in the neighborhood, Port Arthur has become a favorite resort for tourists. j A long promontory of basaltic rock on the opix)site side of the j bay, called the " Sleeping Giant," terminates in Thunder Cape, sidings incident to a divisional point. From Fort William to Winnipeg the railway traverses a wild broken region, with rapid rivers and many lakes, but containing valuable forests and mineral deposits. Murillo is the railway station for the Rabbit Mountain silver district, and four miles from the station are the Kakabeka Falls, where the Kaministiquia leaps from a height exceeding that of Niagara. The railway follows up this river to Kaministiquia, and then ascends the Mattawan and the Wabigoon rivers, and there is excellent trout fishing near all the stations as far as Finmark. Wolseley led an army from Fort William to F'ort (larry (now Winnipeg) in 1870, using the more or less connected rivers and lakes much of the way ; two of his boats may be seen just beyond the station at Savanne. Ignace is a divisional point, but otherwise is of little consequence as yet. At Eagle River two beautiful falls are seen, one above and the other below the railway. From here to and beyond Rat Portage the country is exces«ively broken, and the rail. advertisp:ments. The Howard WARM AIR FURNACE AND dombination Hot Watef ^ Warn k ARE THE MOST POWERFUL, DURABLE AND ECONOMICAL HEATER EVER PLACED BEFORE THE PUBLIC. I*1|P{HI|0^T lO CO]S«TP{?ieTIO]V, ^(?l^I>TlIfIC; IN IT« W()ItlvIR<«», ^ATISIfAC'TOI^Y IIJ IT» I'tlfSHbT^ Patented Dec. 37, 1B87, by Obaa. 9. BowMrd. kay pass| rildest ( tat Porl /oods, product ike of I kilway Is scenel portsme 3w rocV /innipel been utill |>oth pla| ranite ccur, an jraduall> kirk the MANUFACTURED SOIELY BY Howard Furnace Co., Ltd OF BERLIN, ONT., CAHADI, AND SYRACUSE, N.Y.,U.S.;1 Simpson & Co.|||[LSOII & FORSyiH Manufacturers ot MANUFACTURERfi OF ElVGINES, * goiLERSj -AXU- X Y - - ■ ■ Wholesale and Retail Mill Machinery. ALSO THE RENWICK HOT WATER HEATERJ (Economical, Powerful and Perlect) CAST IRON SOIL pipe! AND FITTINGS. BERLIIV. - OIVTARIO. SEND FOR PRICE LIST. peg, an and Wi Wii loba, fc at the ; by stci Hudsc ments, north stone byspit public Mont more passe land the c lines FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 23 by Ohas. B. Howard. ONTARIO. \RICE LIST. ray passes through numerous rocky uplifts. The scenery is of the Wildest description, and deep rock-bound lakes are always in sight. Ilat Portage (pop. 700) at the principal outlet of the Lake of the /oods, is an importanl town with several large saw-mills, the product from which is shipped westward to the prairies. The ake of the Woods is the largest body of v.ater touched by the lilway between Lake Superior and the Pacific, and is famed for Is scenery. It is studded with islands, and a favorite resort for portsmen and pleasure seekers. Its waters l)reak through a nar- 3W rocky rim at Rat Portage and Keewatin and fall into the I'innipeg River. The cascades are most picturesque ; they have keen utilized for water power for a number of large saw mills at ^oth places. At Keewatin is a mammoth flouring mill, built of ^anite quarried on the spot. At Whitemouth saw-mills again ccur, and beyond to Red River the country flattens out and Gradually assumes the characteristics of the prairie. At East Sel- kirk the line turns southward following Red River towards Winni- leading southward on either side of Red River, connecting at Emerson and Gretna, respectively, on the U. S. Boundary, with two lines of the St. Paul, Minneapolis and Manitoba R'y for St. Paul, Minneapolis, Chicago, etc. Two branch lines of the C.P.R. go S. W. to Glenboro and Deloraine in Southern Manitoba, 105 and 203 miles distant, and two other branches run N. and N.VV., one to the old Town of Selkirk and the other to Stony Mountain and Stonewall. The Hudson's Bay Railway also begins here.and is completed to Shoal Lake, 40 miles north-west. Distance from here to Vancouver 1483 miles. .After leaving Winnipeg the country is apparently as level as a billiard table, though there is really an ascent of 100 feet from Winnipeg to Portage la Prairie. A belt of almost unoccupied land surrounds Winnipeg as far as Poplar Point, due to the fact that it is mostly held by speculators, and the scattered farms visible are chiefly devoted to dairy products and cattle breeding. Beyond Poplar Point almost continuous farms appear. The line of trees Hikd's Eye View of Winnitkc, Man. peg, and at St. Boniface the river is crossed by a long iron bridge and Winnipeg is reached. Winnipeg. Pop. 25,000. Capital of the Province of Mani- toba, formerly known as Fort (larry (pop. in 1871, 100). Situated at the juncture of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers, both navigable by steamboats, it has been for many years the chief post of the Hudson's Bay Company, which has here very extensive establish- ments. Winnipeg commands the trade of the vast region to the north and west. The city is handsomely built, superior brick and stone being available, and has street railways, electric lights, a fine hospital, great flouring mills and grain elevators, and many notable public buildings. The chief workshops of the C. P. R'y between Montreal and the Pacific are here, and the train yard contains more than twenty miles of sidings. The company has also a fine passenger station and excellent refreshment rooms. The principal land offices of the Canadian Pacific R'y Co. are here, as also is the chief land office of the Government in the West. Ra.lway lines radiate in all directions. The C. P, R. has two branches not (ar away on the south marks the course of the Assiniboine River, which the railway follows 130 miles. The next i'aportant stop is at Portage la Prairie (pop, 3,000), on the Assiniboine River, the market town of a rich and populous district, and one of the principal grain markets in the province. It has large flour- ing mills and grain elevators, a brewery, a paper mill, a biscuit factory and other industries. The Manitoba and North-Western Railway extends from here 180 miles north-west, towards Prince Albert, with branches to Rapid City and Shell River. Distance to Vancouver 1427 miles. Between Portage la Prairie and Brandon stations succeed one another at intervals of five or eight miles, and many of them are surrounded by bright and busy towns, and at nearly all are tall and massive elevators, with now and then a flouring mill. After passing through a bushy district, with frequent ponds and small streams, containing many stock farms for which it is peculiarly adapted, the railway rises from Austin along a sandy slope to a plateau, near the centre of which is situated Carberry (pop. 400), 24 ADVERTISEMENTS. Remington - Standard - Typewriter. Has been for FIFTEEN YEARS THE STANDARD and embraces tbe latest and highest achievements of Inventive skiU. GEO. BEIVGOUGH, 47 KlXd STREKT KAST. - ■ TOHOIWTO tr Machines of otbar makes in good condition vary cheap. THB NEOSTYLE Is the best Duplicating Machine. As many as 2,000 copies made from one Stencil. Used with pen or typewriter. SHNl) lOK SAMIM.KS AND E'KICES. COPYING— Expert operators supplied. GEO. BENGOUGH, 47 KING STREET EAST. i WHAT IS THIS? IT IS THE HANDSOMEST AND MOST USEFUL STORE FIXTURE EVER INVENTED. WHAT Irf IT CALKKIJ V TheXational Cash Ro^islxT of Dayton, Ohio. WHAT IS IT FOR V 'To insure >-ou tli.- luH lienefit ol your cash and crcclit sales. WIIKKK IS IT rSKDV In over 9 5i> METAL ROLLER BOOK-SHELVES THE SHANNON LETTER AND BILL FILWa CABIN! IS UNEQUALLED. / / ^ .^ ^^ # M .C? or ,f ^ x^ 7^ S> _o> . LABOR - SAVING DEVICES l'"r Mercantile and I'ublic Offices. THE DOM. AND LANG DOCUMENT FILES AND FILING CABINETS, >" Metal or Wood fur Folded Papers. SCHLICHT'S STANDARD INDEXES, lor Mercantil. and I'ublic Offices. AND OTHER SPECIALTIES. Send for Catalogue and get Particulars. O. B. tfdWBXJi, Kaaacar. FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 25 Ity Mfg. Co\ a TO flELD CO , Ltd. OFFICES AT •t«r, zr«w Tork, PUladalphla Woatalnston, Ohlcaso, Toronto. COPIER. .'D ^^--^^^^^ JOOK-SHELVES Sr. BILL FILIN8 CABIN! S UNEQUALLED. /. ** #-■ or iir Murcamile and I'ublic «ENT FILES AND Wood for Folded Papers. EXES, I'or Mercantile TlliS. t Particulars. Important grain market. From Sewell it extends again to the ley of the Assiniboine. The Brandon hills are seen towards south-west. Four miles beyond Chater the Assiniboine is ssed by an iron bridge. [The rising Town of Brandon is now reached. Pop. 4,500. The '-•^ -- .^..-ii- ■ ^- ■ 'j. ■ ed by low woodtd hills at the south, and by the Qu'Appelle River, 8 or 10 miles away at the north. Here again for a considerable distance speculators, holding most of the lands near the railway, have kept the cultivated farms a mile or two away. This section is as yet almost exclusively devoted to wheat and cattle. Grenfell and Wolseley have already become important local markets. A little beyond Sintaluta the celebrated Bell Farm, embracing one hundred scjuaru miles, is entered, and from Indian Head, near the centre of the farm, the headquarters' buildings may be seen on the right. The neat square cottages of the farm laborers dot the plain as far as the eye can reach. The furrows on this farm are usually ploughed four miles long, and to plough one furrow outward and another returning is a half day's work for a mat and team. The work is done with an almost military organization, " ploughing by brigades and reai)ing by divisions." We are now at (Qu'Appelle. Pop. 700. A vigorous new town, the supplying and shipping pomt for a large section. A good road extends northward to Fort Qu'Appelle, the Touch- wood Hills and Prince .Mbert. Fort Qu'Appelle, 20 miles dis- tant, is an old post of the Hudson's Hay Company, beautifully situated on the Fishing Lakes in the deepvallcy of the Qu'Appelle River. There are several Indian reservations in its vicinity, and an important Indian mission. For eight ni'les beyond Qu'Appelle station the country is somewhat wooded. At McLean, which stands 200 feet higher rgest grain market in Manitoba, and the distributing market for than Qu'Appelle, and 375 feet higher than Regina, the great Re- ,ikk ;-te-5 &. , '^^-C Branpon, Man. extensive and well settled country. It has five grain elevators, Iflouring mill and a sawmill. The town is beautifully situated high ground, and although only six years old, has well made reels and many substantial buildings. A railway is being built jrlh-westwurd towards the Saskatchewan country. The standard le changes here to " Mount.iin," one hour slower. Beyond randon the railway draws away from the Assiniboine River and ses from its valley to a " rollmg " or undulating piairie, well ccupied by prosp-'-ous farmers, as the thriving villages at frefjuent itervals bear evidence. Virden is the market town of a particu- irly attractive district, but beyond it for 40 miles, the lands within mile or two of the railway are chietly held by speculators, and le farms within sight are scattered. A mile east of Fleming the Province of .\ssiniboia is entered. Moosoniin, the first town reached in that province, is the station for Fort Ellice at the north - id the Moose Mountain district at the south. From ^Vhitewood the country north- ward is accessible by a bridge 3ver the (^u'A|ipelle River, 'ercival stands on a ridge 100 Ifeet higher than the general [level. All the way from Bran- jdon to Broadview the frequent ponds and copses ai, -d ex- [cellent op|)ortunities f',r sport, water fowl and prairie chick ens being especially abundant. Broadview (pop. 600) is a railwaydivisional point, prettily situated at the head of Weed Lake. A reservation occupied by Cree Indians is not far away. Westward the line follows a gradually rising prairie, bound- { gina i>lain is entered. This plain e.xtends westward as far as the 1 Dirt Hills, the northward extension of the great Missouri Coteau, and these are soon seen rising on the south-western horizon, a I dark blue line. The plain is a broad, treeless expanse of the finest agricultural land, with little change in the soil to a depth of 20 feet or more. Passing Pilot Butte, a rounded hill lending its name to an unimportant station near by, Regina is seen. Regina Pop, 800. The capital of the Province of Assiniboia, and the distributing point for the country far north and south. A railway extends northward to Long Lake, beyond the Qu'Appelle River, and is to be carried on to Battleford and Edmonton, on the North Saskatchewan. The Executive Council of the NorthWest Territories, embracing the Provinces of .\ssiniboia. Alberta, Sas- katchewan and Athabasca, meets here, and the jurisdiction of the Lieutenant-Governor, whose residence is here, extends over all these provinces. A mile beyond the station the Governor's resi- dence may be seen on the right, and a little further on the same - side are t he headquarters of the North-West Mounted Police. The barracks, oflicers' (juarters, offices, storehouses and the imposing drill hall, together make a handsome village. The Mounted Police is a military organization numbering 1,000 men, who are stationed at intervals over the North West, to look after the Indians, and preserve order generally. Indian Camp, Near Dunmorb, N. W. T. 26 ADVERTISEMENTS. lOUIS RREITHAUPT & M. B^^^^^ ESTABLISHED 1858. on: Tanneries-EACLE TANNERY, BERLIN, and PENETANC TANNERY, PENETANC, ONT. TANNERS OF EAGLE, SPANISH and SLAUGHTER SOLE, PENETANG SPANISH SOLE. EAGLE BRAND HARNESS LEATHER, AND PEERLESS UPPER AND CALF.I Dealers in Foreign Leathers, Findings and Tanners' Supplies.] ask your dealer for our brands or order direct. J. D. Kmci & @ TORONTO, ONT. IvXsira-ijLfa-ctTjLxexs cf BOOTS & SHOES Sold by the principal dealers throitghojit the Doininion of Canada, SEE THAT EVERY BOOT IS STAMPED. Made in Different Widtfis and in Half -Sizes. KROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. RUN. on: a'trade. maric^ IBTANC, OMT. rER SOLE.! -^ND CALF, Rs' Supplies f/lC Mooscjaw is a railway divisional point and a busy market town lear the western limit of the ptesenl setllenients. le name is |an abridgment of the Indian name, which, literally iranslated, is " The - creek -where ihewhitc-man mended Ihe-cart-withamoose- Ijaw-bone." Trom Moosejaw the line steadily rises on the eastern slope of [the coteaii and ,/inds through an irregular depression to the basin of the Old Wives' I. ikcs- -extensive b(jdies of water having no out" let and consL(iuently ;iU aline The northernmost of these lakes is reached at Chaplin. The country is treeless Irom the eastern border of the Rcgina plain to the Cypress Hills, 200 miles, but the soil is excellent nearly everywhere, and the erperimental farms of the Company, which occur at intervals of 30 miles all the way to the mountains, have proved the sutticiency of the rainfall. The |irairies about and beyond OKI Wives' lakes are marked in all directions by old bulTalo trails and scarred and pitted by their ■• wallows.'' Antelope may now tVe(|uently be seen, also coyotes and prairie dogs. Near .Morse is a salt lake, and not far beyond is Rush Lake, a large area of fresh water, and a favorite reson of water fowl — swans, geese, ducks and pelicans — which at times congregate here in myriads. repair shops, etc. The town is already an important one, and has several churches and other public buildings. An important station of the Mounted Police is established here. There are several coal mines in the \ jinity, and the river is navigable for steamboats for some distance above, and for 800 miles below to Lake Winnipeg. The train sto[)s 25 minutes. Heyond the river the railway rises to the high prairie-plateau which extends, gradually rising, to the base of the mountains. There is a strong upgrade to Howell, then a rapid descent to Suffiel'l, followed by a steady rise. How River occasionally appears at the .South. The jirairie here is seen to advantage, and before .'\ugust it is a billowy ocean of grass. Cattle r.mches are s|)read- ing over it, and farms ap[)ear at intervals. 'I"he entire country is underlaid with two or more beds of good coal, and natural gas is freipienily found in boring deep wells. This gas is utilized at I.angevm in pumping water for the sup[)ly of the railway. From this station on a clear day the higher peaks of the Rocky Moun- tains m-iy l)e seen, 150 miles away. At Crowfoot they may again be seen. Near (Crowfoot and south of the railway is a large reservation occupied by the Hlackfeet Indians, and some of them are seen abt>ut the stations. He) ond (ileichen. a railway divisional Hkmx'.k ovbk South S.\sk\tliihwan Kiver at Medrink Hm. From Swift Current to .Medi( ine Hat, on the South Sas katchewan River, the line skirts the northern base of the Cypress Hills, whii h gradually rise towards the west until they reai h an altitude of 3,Soo feet, and in many p:. t,es are covered with valuable timber. Lakes and ponds, some fresh, some alkahne, occur at intervals to Maple Creek. At this station are extensive yards for the shi|)inent of cattle, many of which are driven here from .Mon- tana. The town is supported by trade with the cattle ranches, and farming is successfully carried on in the vicinity. Near tho town is a police station, and not far away is a Cree Indian village, l-'rom Forres to Dunuiore, rocks of the Cretaceous age occur, in which the remams of gigantic saurians and other extinct aniuials are abundant. .At Dunmore the Saskatchewan coal railway leails off westerly 1 10 miles to Lethbridge, the i.hief source of the pres- ent coal supply for the country east to and beyond Winnipeg. Lethbridge is an important town near the centre of the McLeod ranching district. From Dunmore the railway drops into the valley of the South Saskatchewan, which is crossed by a fine steel bridge at Medicine Hat. (See illustration.) Medicine Hat. Pop. 700. A railway divisional point, with point, alt. -',900 feet, tne Rockies come into full view — a mag- nificent line of snowy peaks extending far along the southern and western horizon. At l.angdon the railway falls to the valley of liow River, and a tew miles beyond Shepard the river is crossed by an iron bridge, and the foot-hills are reached. Calgary. Pop. 2,400. The most important as well as the handsomest town between Brandon and Vancouver. It is charm- ingly situated on a hill-girt plateau, overlooked by the white peaks of the Rockies. It is the centre of the trade of the great ranching country and the chief source of supply for the mining districts in the mountains beyond. I'lxcellent building materials abound in the vicinity. Lumber is largely made here from logs floated down Bow River. Calgary is an important station of the Mounted Police, and a post of the Hudson's Bay Company. By the time Cochrane is reached the traveller is well within the rounded grassy foot-hills and river " benches " or terraces. Ex- tensive ranches are passed in rapid succession — great herds of horses in the lower valleys, ihof sands of cattle on the terraces, and myriads of sheep on the hilltups may be seen at once, making a picture most novel and interesting. Saw-mills and coalmines 28 AOVKRTISKMluNTS. Ontario Lead and Barb Wire Co, " LOCKBARB." (X.Il!v^lTElD), 55 AND 57 ps^^-jp^^ Ri( iiMoivi) St. E. yf' TC^KONTO, ONT. THE "GLIDDEN." Four-Point Upt;iilnr. li iiic'lu'n apiirt. Four roiiit TliUkBut, I iiiclics iipiirt. Twn-l'iiiiit lU'Kiilur, "i indiea ipart. Tw.) I'.iuii Tliickm't, '2J iiicliBii ii|i»rt. Awarded at the Toronto Industrial Fair, iSS.., First I'ri/e ; iXSj, Silver Mi 'v^*: .. ^- "*, ■ ^ ■^•. ^i^*^ '-y -ru^a ife.. Rocky Mountains, Near Canmork. high above, dimly outlined in the mists, are distant snowy peaks. The Kananaskis River is crosseil by a high iron bridge, a little above where it joins the Itow, and the roar of t'le great falls of the Bow (called Kananaskis I'alls) may be heard from the railway. 'I"he moui. ains now rise abruptly in great masses, streaked anil cajiped with snow and ice, and just beyond Kananaskis station a bend in the line brings the train between two almost vertical walls of dizzy height. This is the gap by which the Rocky Mountains are entered. Through this gateway the How River ii-sues from the hills. Beyond it the track turns northward and ascends the long valley between the Kairholme Range on the right and the Kanan- askis Range opposite. The prominent peak on the left is Pigeon Mt., and in approaching the station called i'he (lap, a magnificent view is obtained of Wind Mt. and the 'I'hree Sisters, also on the left. A remarkable contrast between the ranges ahead is notice- able. On the right are fantastically broken and castellated heights; on the left, massive snow-laden promontories rising thpu^iands of ot trees which there al(jne can maintain a foothold, and this peculi- arity is one of the most striking and admirable features of the scenery. Man)- ranges of prodigious mountams like these must be traversed before the I'acific Coast is reached, and grandeur and beauty will crowd upon the attention without ceasing as the train speeds through gorge and over mountain, giving here a vast outlook, and there an interior glimjise, then exchanging it for a new one with the suddenness of a kaleidoscope. The next stopping place is Canmo.e. Railway divisional point. From the station a striking profile of the Three Sisters is obtained, with Wind and Tigeon Mountains looming up beyond. On a hill behind the station stands a group of isolated and curi- ously weathered conglomerate monuments. On either side of the beautiful level valley the mountains rise in solid masses west- ward, until the great bulk of Cascade Mt. closes the view. Five rniles beyond Canmore the Rocky Mountain Park is entered. " Here the pass we are travelling through has narrowed sud- 30 ADVI-RTISKMKNTS. W. STAHLSCHMIDT & CO. PRESTON, Oni Manufacturers or '7 / / / ////// rs^ N OFFICE, ^ ^ SCHOOL, ^ CHURCH Ttau "Mo4el" roldins Ud and DMk. N s LODGE N one* Desk, No. sa. Tb« "Marvel" I'oldliis Ud and D««k. ratantad Jan. l«tli, IMB. ////// 7 / rM rfelRNlTdRE. * - - - SEITID FOR OIROTJLJ^R -A.3SriD P^RICE LIST, p?* " " " N /////////////// Joseph E. Seagram pEXEHAL ]lfERCHA\T, Miller and Distiller, IMl'OHTEH OF J I nie:> am/ <^^iaiioi^, CY/co//o/, a^?{/ c/afm/i/- ^zoor Jl/nsh'ci/d. Sole Manufacturers of the Celebrated Brands Old Times and White Wheat WHISKE YS. Our Special Brands of K J^OLI R (Hungarian Process) ONYX AND STAR AND CRESENT. Mills, Offices and Distillery : WATERLOO, - - ONTARIO. Clark Hros. & Co. Preston, Ont, MANUFACTURERS OF COAL & WOOD HOT- A I R Furnaces and Registers. IB atrlM 4« Usaa. Send for Catalogue of the Largest and Most Com- plete Line of J JT - AIR FURNACES for both Coal and Wood manufactured in Canada. \ ilenly Id four I (;rcat masses ( > f Diie above the • piosiKJCt as we fol the line l)ri before and am Mlie sun lights ' mystery, for so I' way, barring it ' MS, antl yet a 'incircled and llircrlion." (l* itt is Rundle, I ho line for a ti ( ascade Rive though miles i which seems t us ; this mai In the shadov ureal coal mit range. This mines are dei BanIT is Springs — a r park is a nati miles wide, e Cascade Rivi No part of i FROM OCKAN TO OCKAN. 31 ns Ud and D«sk. Klcnly to four miles, and as mists lloat ujiwards and away, we sec [^;reat masses of scarred rock rising on ca
  • -cems to stand right a( ross our 'way, barring it for miles, with a stern face frowning down ii|)(m ' lis, and yet a few minutes later we fmd the giant has buen 'tiicircled and conijucred, and soon lies f.ir away in anotiier llirection." ( l.iidy Macdonald.) The overhanging peak on the |tft is Rundle, behind which lie the Hot Springs of Banff. Here lu' line for a time leaves the How and sir kes up the valley of pleasing s( enery, and nowhere are good points of view and features of special interest so accessible, since many good roads and bridle- paths have been made. The railway st ition at HanlT is in the midst of impressive mountains. The huge mass northward is Cas- cade Mt. (9,875 ft.) ; eastward is Mt. In^lismaldie and the heights of the I'airholme subrange, behind which lies Devil's Head Lake. Still further eastward the .sharp cone of I'eechee (in that range) closes the view in that direction ; this is the highest mountain vis- ible, exceeding 10,000 ft. To the left of Cascade Mt., and just north of the track, rises the wooded ridge of Siiuaw Mt., beneath whicii lie the Vermillion Lakes, seen just after leaving the station. Up the How, westward, tower the distant, snowy, central heights of the mam range about Simpson's I'ass, most jirominently the siiiiare, wall like crest of Mt. Massive. A little nearer, at the left, Mount Stki'HEN House — Fiklu, Kockv Moiimaiss. ( ascade River, directly toward the face of Cascade Mt., which liiough miles away, is apiiarently but a stone's throw distant, and which seems to rise in enormous mass and advance bodily to meet us ; this marvellous effect should not be missed by the traveller. In the shadow of the Cascade Mt., at Anthracite Station, are the great coal mines which i)enetrate a spur of the Fairholme sub- range. This coal is a true anthracite of high (juality, and the mines are developing rapidly under scientific methods, Banff is the station for Rocky Mountain Park and the Hot Springs — a medicinal watering-place and pleasure-resort. This park is a national reservation, 26 miles long N. E. and S.W. by 10 miles wide, embracing parts of the valleys of the Bow, Spray and Cascade Rivers, Devil's Lake and several noble mountain ranges. No part of the Rockies exhibits a greater variety of sublime and is seen the northern end of the Bourgeau range, and still nearer, the Sulphur Mt., along the base of which are the Hot Springs. The isolated blulT southward is Tunnel Mt., while just behind the station Rundle Peak rises sharply;, so near at hand as to cut off all the view in that direction. The Village of Banff (several small inns) is two miles south west of the station, on the hither side of the Bow. A steel bridge takes the carriage road across to the magnificent new hotel built by the railway company, near the fine falls in the Bow, and the mouth of the rapid Spray River. This hotel, which has every modern convenience and luxury, including baths supplied from the hot sulphur springs, is kept open during the entire year. It is most favorably placed for health, picturesque vit" ', and as a centre for canoeing, driving, walking or mountain climbing. Trout of extraordinary size occur in Devil's Head 32 ADVERTISKMKNTS THK NEW RAYMOND SEWING MACHINE l IS MADE IN FOUR STYLES, T, U, W AND DROP CABINET. It has Plenty of Room under the Arm. It has all the Latest Improvements. And is furnished with the best of Attachments. BTTUJ w. nmor OAamT. THE CABINET is a beautiful piece of Parlor Furniture, with nothing to indicate that it is a Sewing Machine until you open the door and raise the top. This action puts the Machine in position for work. Manufactured by CHAS. RAYMOND, GUELPH, ONT ^ MINERAL WOOL. FfRE AND FROST PROOF. MINERAL WOOL. TO ARCHITECTS, BUILDERS AND ALL OWNERS OF BUILDINGS. Make your Buildingrs Fire-Proof, Frost-Proof, Sound-Proof and Vermin-Proof by using GAST & ATCHISON'S MINERAL WOOL, For deafening purposes. Our Pipe and Boiler Cov- ering is aclcnowledged by all who have used it, to be the only flrst-class covering in use, as it will neither POWDER, CHAR, CRACK or BURN. In fact it is absolutely indestructible by any inside heat. (Easily applied.) TO USERS OF STEAM AS AN INDUSTRIAL OR HEATING AGENT. Cover your Steam Pipes, Boilers, Heaterr Furnaces, &c., with GAST & ATCHISON'S MINERAL WOOL COVERING, Thereby stopping radiation and consequent loss of vitality in your steam. IT WILL SAVE YOU 26 PER CENT. OF YOUR COAL BILL. Easily applied by any one not skilled in plumbing, and neat in appearance. Circulars free. PIPES COVERED WITH IT WILL NOT FREEZE. GAST & ATCHISON, MFR'S, Lamkla VaMat, 30 ADELAIDE ST. WEST. TORONTO, ONT. Over Ten Million Pounds of MINEBAL W QQL ,i, Use. Urdvsrsity AR)erta Lib:. FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 33 Boilers, Heaterr Lake, nnd deep trolling for tlu.e afTonls fine sport. WiUl nheep ' visible l.efore. Next to it is the less lofty but .ilmost eqii.illy .the bighorn) and moiim.nnKoats are .ommon on the nd«hbnrinK imposing cone of Copper Mt., squarely opposite the sombre hoights. I'he springs arc at dilTercnt elevations upon the eastern ' precipices of the Castle. Westward of Copper Mt. the gap of .lope of Sulphur Mt.. the highest being 700 feet above the How. Vermillion Pass (.pens through the range, permitting a view of All are reached by fine roads, . ommanding glorious landscapes, many a lofty spire and icy <:rest along thi- continental watershed, The more important sprin>;s have been improved by the (lovern- I from whose glaciers and snow-fields the N'ermiliion River flows Micnl, and picturesque b.aihing houses have been erec tc through a foresteil valley. The view bac kward is very fine. 1 he Vermillion lakes are skirted, and ahead a magnificent view is h.id of .Mt. Massive, and the snow peaks far to the west, enclosing beyond it, standing su|)reme over this part of the range, the pro- digious, isolated, lielmetshaped mountain named I.efroy— the loltiest and grandest in this whole panorama. This great mountain becomes visible at Cascade station, and from KIdon almost to the summit it is the most conspi( uous and admirable feature of this wonderful valley. At I-aggan the railway leaves the How and ascends a tributary from the west, which courses down through a f.ap in the How Kii KiN*i Horse'Pass, Rockies. Simpson's Pass. Then a sharp turn discloses .straight ahead the ^;reat heap of snowy ledges that form the eastern crest of Pilot Mt. Hole-in the Wall Mt. is passed upon the ri^ht, and then a httle beyond the station (where the park is le't at the western corner) Castle Mt. looms u]) ahead on the right, a sheer precipice of 5,000 feet — a giant's keep, with turrets, bastions and battlements complete. Castle Mountain station is at the base of the great peak whose name it takes. After passing this point the mountans on each side become exceedingly grand and prominent. Those on the right (northeast) form the bare, rugged and sharply serrated Saw- back sub-range, with a spur called the Slate Mts. in the foreground at Laggan. On the left, the lofty Bow Range fronts the valley in a series of magnificent snow-laden promontories. At first enchant- ing glimpses only are caught through the trees as you look ahead, l)ut before Eldon is reached the whole long array is in plain view. Turning to the left and looking back the central peak of Pilot Mt. is seen, like a leaning pyramid high above the square fronted ledges Range. Looking upward through this gap towards Bow Lake and the huge peak of Mt. Hector, a view is obtained of the first of the great glaciers. It is a broad, crescent-shaped river of ice, the further end concealed behind the lofty yellow clifls that hem it in. You seem to be almost on a level with it, and at the distance of hardly half-adozen miles, but it is 1,300 feet above you, a round dozen miles away, and almost inaccessible, by reason of the ravines, rocks and forest which intervene. " As we rise toward "the summit from Laggan," writes Lady Macdonald, "the rail- " way's gr;-de gets steeper, tall forests gather round us, and a "curious effect is produced by glimpses of snowy spurs and crests " peeping through the trees, and of which, though apparently near " us, we see no base. This conveyed to me an idea of our " elevation." The station at the summit of the Rocky Mts., like the stupen- dous mountain some miles ahead — the chief peak of the Rockies in this latitude — is named in honor of Sir George Stephen, Bart., President of the Canadian Pacific R'y Co. The small lake at the i 34 ADVKRTISKMENTS. i i Bryce, McMtirrich & Co. DRY GOODS MERCHANTS, 6i Bay Street . Toronto. R. FORSYTH, Canada Marble *«» ««» ISLANDS Granite Works, MARBLE AND IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER OF SCOTCH AND CANADIAN GRANITE. Sole Agents in Canada for Stuart's Patent Granolithic for Pavings, Steps, Landings, Etc. AND MANUFACTURER OF IMPERIAL STOHEWARE STATIONARY WASH TUBS. Office, 130 Bleury, Cor. Dorchester Street. Mills, 562 William St., St. Gabriel Looks, MONTREAL, CANADA. Gillespie, Ansley & Martin, /mporters, Manufacturers <^ Wholesale Dealers in i jt i i i i i i i ^ t i i t i r I V c ?• Hats, Furs, Gloves & Robes, 58 & 60 WGllington Street West. Toronto, Ontario. S. R. PARSONS. TdRNlTdRE, Upholstery AND Bedding, 1813 and 1815 Notre Dame Street, Hear mcgiii street, Montreal. station, callc iixiuntninM. i)cMulifiil \Vn I he \Va|)t;i oi now stililiiiii' side at the li the river is ; l.ouking to tl world stretch |)eaks on eith Mt. Field is Stephen («,oi Mt. St 11 furti Soon the sli .Uniost overhi iK'ss, which i ureat height. hase of the few minutes, with itartlinf^ spires are illi: ing into the > At Field company -tl the hase of .' sloppinj; plai- lake near by. Tail Mts an right. The Deville ami I Two mile seen at the n Kicking Hor I'ail River (v again to the and Van Ho towards the : south from h in from the s I-KOM OCKAN TO OCKAN. 35 station, called Summit I,;ikc, vividly rulU'cts the hiirnumdiiin mounlnind. From here tlic line (l-.vrcndii rapidly, l^as^itlx the iK-autiful Wapta l.ako at llii tor. and ^r()s^ir^K the di.T|i Korne of ilic Wajifa or KirkiiiK Hursf Kivcr jiiu l)u\(iiid. Iho si entry is now »ul)lime and nhnoM terrililc. The line clinKH to the mountain ^ HV . * ■ ('ill. MIIIA KiSF.K, NK\H I)iiNAI.Ii, II. C° side at the left, and the vality on the ri^ht ra|)idly deepens 'intil the river is seen as a nieaminH thread a thousand feet helow. Looking to the north, one of the grandest mountain valleys in the world stretches away to the north, with i;real, while, ^lac ier hound peaks on either side. I.'>')king ahe.id, the dark, angular |ieak of Mt. Field is seen. On the left the Uuomo-like head of Mt. Stephen («,ooo feet .ihove the valley), and the spires of (Jathedral .Mt. St II further to the left, oicasiunally appear over the tree-tops. Soon the slope of Mt. Stephen is reached, and on its shoulder, .dmost overhead, is seen a shining gieen glacier, Soo feet in thick- ness, which is slowly i)ressing forward and over a vertical clilT of i^reat height. Passing through a short tunnel, and hugging the hase of the mountain closely, the main jieak is lost to view for a few minutes, hut as the train turns sharply away, it soon reappears with j.tartling suddenness, and when its highly colored dome and spires are illuminated hy the sun it seems to rise as a llame shuot- mg into the sky. At Field is a charming little hotel m.iiiageil hy the railway (ompany -the .Mt. Stephen House (see illustration) not farfrom (he base of Mt. Ste|)hen and facing .Mt. Field. 'I"his is a favorite slopping place for tourists ; excellent fly fishing for trout in .■' ;"etly lake near hy. Looking down the val'ey from the hotel, the Otter- I'ail Mts are seen on the left, and the Van Home Range on the right. The two most prominent peaks of the latter are Mts. Deville and King, the former on the right. Two miles beyond I'leld very lofty, glacier bearing heights are seen at the north. The line rises from the flats of the Wapta lor Kicking Horse), and after crossing a high bridge over the Otter- I'ail River (whence one of the finest views is obtained), descends again to the Wapta, whose narrow valley divides the Otter-Tail and Van Home Ranges. The line, which has gradually curved towards the south since crossing the summit at Stephen, runs due south from here to Leanchoil, where the Beaverfoot River comes in from the south and joins the Wapta. At the left, the highest peaks of the Otter Tail Mts. (sec illustration) rise abruptly to an in.mense height, and, looking south, a magnificent range of peaks extendi* in orderly array towards the south east as far as the eye can reach. These are the lleaverfooi .Mts. At the ri^-ht, Mt. Hunter pushes his huge mass forward like a wedge between the Otter lail and Iteaverlnot Ranges. The river turns abruptly against his base and plungis into the lower Ku king Horse < anyon, down wlii( h it disputes the passage with the railway. At I'allis.r the canyon rapidly ('eepeiis until, beyond I'alliser, the mountain sides become vertical, rising straight up thousands of feet, ami within an easy stone's throw from wall to wall. Down this vast < hasm go the railway and river together, the former cross- ing fioni side to side to ledges ( ut out of the solid rock, and twisting and turning in every direction, and evety minute or two plunging through projecting angles of roc k which seem to dose the way. With the towering chlTs almost shutting out the sunlight, and the roar of the river and the train, increased an liundre) miles distant. About Ci(jlden, and at various jilaces above, es[)ecially at the base of the S|iillimichene Mts., gold and silver mines are being devel- Nbar Roger's Pass, Rockibs, B. C. 5 36 ADVERTISEMENTS. AMKS, HOIvDBN & CO. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Boots ^ Shoes ^ RUBBERS, MOCCRSINS, ^ BEEF BOOTS, BLACKlXfJ, DRESSIXGS, LA( ES, M\ ■':Mi'.ti(i,iHiii';» IN.}:|. Having one of the largest and best equipped Factories in Canada, with all the latest and most improved machinery, we are in a position to supply the Trade with flrst-class goods at moderate prices. ■X»rX] GhOv3X>S Head Offices and Factory: Victoria Siir., MOXTRHAL, Que. Branch Houses: Winnipeg, Man. and Victoria, B.C. /// -ryt y ^m^//A :. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN .'. MEN'S. YOUTHS'. BOYS' AND CHILDRENS GLQTHING y r{l» WELLINOTON ST. WKST, TORONTO ONTARIO. CO. r.z FROM C EAN TO OCEAN. II iM,i:i. most improved te prices. Al., Ouc. )RENS / 37 oped. From the hcul of navigation, roads and trails lead over to the Findlay Creek mining district and to the Kootenay Valley. The trif) u|) the river is a most desirable one for sportsmen. From (lolden to Donald the railway follows down the Columbia on the face of tlie lower bench of the Rocky Mts , the Selkirks all the way in lull view opposite, the soft green streaks down their sides indicating the paths of avalanches. Moberly House is the site of the oldest cabin in the mountains, where a government engineering party, under Mr. Walter iMoberly, C. F., passed the winter of 187 1 2. And now we arrive at Donald, a charmingly situated town in the shadow of the .Selkirks, the headquarters for the mountain section of the railway, with repair shops, etc. It is an important supply point for the mining country about it and at the great bend of the Columbia below. Here the time goes back one hour to lonlorm with the Pacific standard. Leaving Donald the railway rrosses the Columbia to the base of the Selkirks. .\ little further of the Selkirks, en ec/ielon, culminating in an exceedingly lofty pinnacle named Sir Donald, with which a more intimate acquain- tance will be made at Glacier House. Again, from Mountain Creek bridge, a few miles beyond, where a powerful torrent conies down from high mountains northward, the same view is obtained, nearer and larger, and eight [)eaks can be counted in a grand array, the last of which is Sir Donald, leading the line. A little further on Cedar Creek is crossed, and not far west of it is a very high bridge, spanning a foaming cascade, whence one of the most beautiful prospects of the whole journey is to be had. So impressed were the builders with the charm of this magnificent picture of mountains, that they named the spot The Surprise. As Bear Creek station is approached, a brief but precious glimpse is caught of Hermit Mt. through a gap in the cliffs on the right. This station is 1,000 feet above the Beaver, whose upper valley can be seen pei.etrating the mountains southward for a long distance. ii;h KiSi.K 1m-dozen gia^ green fissur and shadow and Macdt fortunate tr battlements storm traili peak or tw( south strctt Donald, th Beaver, as a nation; Selkirk right, surn )U8E. is coiiveniiMilly sitii ; KamliiiKs. Wholesale i pass tu all parts uf 1, Kiving a comfortable fine site, overlooking iiralile summer resort. !t;rapli and Telephone ;R, Proprietor. ! Walker House," will ngers and baggage to >ELL hNADA. >l modern style, is now idalion for over I'OUK iKK^K^ Klevators, ami niary C'.rounds, River 3 with the Government here they can always plied with escapes, and un or danger. Every S, Proprietors. FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 39 ravine between .Vlt. Macdonald on the left and The Hermit on the right, forming a narrow portal to the amphitheatre of Roger's Pass at the summit. The way is between enormous precipices. Mt. Macdonald towers a mile and a quarter above the railway in almost vertical height, its numberless i)innacles piercing the very zenith. Its base is but stone's throw distant, and it is so sheer, so bare and stupen- dous, and yet so near, that one i^ over- awed by a sense of immensity and mighty gijndeur. This is the climax of mountain scenery. In passing before the face of this gigantic precipice, the Ime clings to the base of Hermit Mt., and, as the station at Roger's I'ass is neared, its clustered spires appear, facing those of Mt. Mac- donald, and nearly as high. These two matchless mountains were once apparent- f 'J f •■' ly i'»itcd, but some great convulsion of nature V; /._: has split them asunder, leaving barely room for ' the railway. the railway. masonry, is Cheops, and looking out of the pass towards the west, and over the deep valley of the Illecilliwaet, is Ross Peak, a massive and symmetrical mountain carrying an immense glacier on its eastern slope. Leaving the summit and curving to the left, the line follows the slope of the summit peaks. At the right is the deep valley of the Illecilliwaet, which makes its way westward by a devious course among numberless hoary-headed moun- tain monarchs. Far below, and for many miles away, can be traced the railway, seeking the bottom of the valley by a series of extraordinary curves, doubling upon itself again and again. Directly ahead is the Great Glacier of the Selkirks. Passing a long snow shed (not through it, tor an outer track is provided, that the summer scenery may not be lost) a sharp curve brings the train in front of the Great Glacier, which is now very near at the left — a vast plateau of gleaming ice extending as far as the eye can reach, as large, it is said, as all those cf .Switzerland combined. Glacier House. The station and hotel is within thirty minutes walk from the Great Glacier, from which, at the left, Sir Donald rises, a naked and abrupt pyramid, to a heij^ht of more than a mile and a half above the railway. This stiitely monolith was named after Sir Donald Smi'h, one of the chief promoters of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Farther to the left, looking from the hotel, are two or three sharp peaks second only to Sir Donald. Rogers Pass and the snowy mountain beyond (a member of the Hermit Range, which is called Grizzly from the frequency with which bears are met upon its berry-bearing slopes), are in full view. Again to the left comes Gheops, and in the foreground and far down among the trees the Illecilliwaet glistens. Somewhat at the left of Cheops a shoulder of Ross Peak is visible over the wooded slope of the mountain behind the hotel. The hotel is a handsome structure resembling a Swiss chalet, which serves not only as a dining station for passing trains, but affords a most delightful stopping place for tourists who wish to hunt or explore the surrounding mountains and glaciers. The Great Glacier is hardly a mile away, and its forefoot is only a few hundred feet above the level of the Ol.I) GOVKKNMKNT W\c,C,ON KoAD. BKTWE'iN Asllv ROFT AND CaKIHOO, KotKIEs. Roger's Pass. This pass was named after Major A. B, Rogers, , by whose adventurous energy it was discovered in 1883, previous to which no human foot had penetrated to the summit of this great central range. The pass lies between two lines of huge snow-clad l)eaks That on the north forms a prodigious amjjhitheatre under whose parapet, seven or eight thousand feet above the valley, half- 1 -•"-dozen glaciers may be seen at once, and so near that their shining | green fissures are distinctly visible. '1 he changing effects of light and shadow on this brotherhood of peaks, of which The Hermit and Macdonald are the chiefs, can never be forgotten by the fortunate traveller who has seen tne sunset or sunrise tinting their battlements, or has looked up from the green valley at a snow storm trailing its curtain along their crests, with jierchance a white peak or two standing serene above the harmless cloud. On the south stretches the line of peaks connecting Macdonald with Sir Donald, the rear slopes of which were seen in ascending the Beaver. This pass-valley has been reserved by the Government as a national park. Selkirk Summit. Summit of the pass. The mountain at the right, surmounted by a pyramidal peak, seemingly of Titanic ^^W"' ...,>; . v^ -■'■aM^Ti Black Canon, Near Ashcroft Station, Rockies. t t 40 ADVERTISEMENTS. SIMPSON, HALL, MILLER & GO I6 within a biscuit's toss ; then sweeping around to the It^ft, touching Cougar Mt., on the other side of the Illecilliwaet, (Tossing again to the left, and at last shooting down the val- ley parallel with its former course. Looking ba(k, the railway is seen cutting two long gashes, one above the other, on the mountain slope, and farther to the left.and high above the long snow shed, the summit range near Roger's I'ass is yet visible, with Sir Donald overlooking all. Ross Peak. The Illecilli- waet River is here of no great si/.e, but of course turbulent. Its water is at first pea green with glacial mud, but rapidly clarifies. The gorge is some times of considerable width, filled with that remarkable forest of gigantic trees for which British Columbia isfau, ous, and there are exceedingly grand outlooks all along. .\t Illecilliwaet station are many silver mines penetrating the ■-■rest of one of the lofty hills north of the railway A con siderable town has sjirung up Revelstoke. On the Columbia River. A railway divisional point. The town is situated on the river hank half a mile from the station. The Cohiinhia, which has made a great detour around the northern extremity of the Selkirks, while the railway has come directly across, is here much larger than at Donald, from which it has fallen 1050 feet. It is navigable southward to the International hmmdary. 200 miles distant, and a do/en miles below Revelstoke ex- panels into the .A.irow Lakes, along which there is much beautiful aiul fertile country, and where the opjiortunities for sport are unliiiiited. Revel- stoke has an important trade with the mining countiy above and beljw,and Kootenay Lake and Valley are easily reached from here. The two ]ieaks south-east are M.acken/.ie and Tilley. The mountains be- yond are in the gold or Col- umbria Range, and the most prominent one of them in view, towards the south-west, is Mt. Begbie - imposing ami glacier- studded. Clanwilliam. The (Colum- bia is crossed upon a bridge half a mile long, and the gold range is at once entered by I'.agle Pass, which is so deep- cut ,uk1 direct that it seems to have been purposely provid'~d for the railway, in comjiensa- tion,perhaps,for the enormous ditticulties that had to be over- come in the Rockies and Sel- kirks. Lofty mountains rise St'spBNsioN BRmoE C.^Finoo Rivkr. R(«-kii-s within a few months, and large shipments of rich ore have already been made. Cariboo occur in j abruptly on each side throughout, and the [lass is seldom more numbers from here down to the C'olumbia. Albert Canyon. Just east of the st.ation the train runs sud- denly along the very brink of several remarkably deep fissures in the solid rock, whose walls rise straight uj) hundreds of feet on both sides to wooded crags, above which sharp, distant peaks cut the sky. The most striking of these canyons is the .\lber' where the river is seen nearly 300 feet below the railway, compressed into a boiling flume scarcely 20 ft. wide. The train stops here for a few minates, and solidly built balcop'»s enable passengers to safely look into the boiling cauldron below. than a mile wide. The highest point reached by the line in this pass is at Summit Lake, S miles from ami only 5. '5 feet above the Columbia. Four beautiful lakes, Summit, Victor, Three Valley and Critlin, occur in close succession, each occupying the entire width of the valley, and forcing the railway into the mountain sides. The valley is filled throughout with a dense growth of immense trees— spruce, Douglas fir, hemlock, cedar, balsam and many other varieties— giants, all of them. Sav mills occur at intervals. At Craigellathie the last spike was driven in the Canadian Pacific Railway on the ylh November, 1885, the rails Twin Butte. This station takes its name from the huge double I from the east and the west meeting here. p«li 42 ADVERTISEMENTS. t HENRY MORGAN & CO., -) IMPDRTUKS t>l .Q-i AND S7-. »'A »!4 Jf' 'l\ 'if Vi» * BRY Geeps Also CARPETINGS, OIL CLOTHS aM UPHOLSTERY, Wholesale and Retail. Nos. 253, 255. 257. 259 and 261 ST. JAMES ST.. Corner of Victoria Sqnore, IVIvJIM I lltAL iJ: Gentlemen's and Boys' Suits Made to Order. "^J TORONTO Plate Glass impofting Co. TeUP>»<»** x69»- ^^ ^"*^ ^7 Victoria St., Toronto. iMIlJKTEKS AMI 1>EALER.S IN Plate and Sheet Window Glass or BVBRT xmrncKUfTion. Including Single and Double Thick liept in Stock. PILKINGTONS- WINDOW AND PICTURE GLASS A SPECIALTY. MIRROR MANUFACTURERS, SILYERERS and BEVELLERS. A Complete assortment of Ornamental Glass always carried in Stock. Experienced Plate CJlass Glaziers sent to all Points of the Dominion. UNDERWOOD'S WRITING -" COPYING INKS. U.seci by principal Hanks, Insurance Offices, Leading Mer- cantile Eatablishments throughout the Dominion. Also by Canadian Pacific Railway and G. T. R. Ask Stationers and Hook Stores for 'S - INKS, JOHN UNDERWOOD t CO. Practical Manufacturlngr Chemist&, TORONTO, NEW YORK, CHICAGO. ECKARDT, KYLE & CO., ^^0LES4^^ GROCERS. Importers of m SUGARS i GENERAL GROCERIES COMPLETE STOOK IN ALL LINES No. 3 Front Street Bast, TORONTO. Salmon of one of th a day caribo 30 miles is lakes there i Correspondence for Samples and Quotations Solleited. Times has \\ " leads us il " tribe that " I'his is a "mountain " along the "diri'ct')ns. " few hundi " high, bold " pebbles, « "The rail« " Sicamous " southern s " the Salmc mining dist agan Lake, the river th " the line w " ducks lly " opi)osite 1 " remindei " leads at t " two j)oinl " rather thi " the soutl " the top " some 60c " view acre "and narr " high moi "graduall) "but here " (south l " broade ' " roughne: " gladden* " haystack " of cattle •'hills in " far into QD^S bPYING ices, Leading Mer- hc Dominion. nd G. T. R. - INKS. ft CO. imists, CHICAGO. 1 & CO., ■rsT FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 43 LL LINES TORONTO. atlons Solicited. Salmon Arm. Hore are the great Shuswap Lakes, the centre of one of the best sportinj; w^\on<> on the line. Northward within a day cariboo are abundant ; the deer shooting southward within .?o miles is probably i(ne(iualled on this continent, and on the lakes there is famous sport in deeiMrollmg for trout. The London NoKiii Hhsi), Rockies, H C Times has well described this part of the line : "I'he Kaglc River " leads us down to the great Shiiswap Lake, so nain.;d from the " tribe th.-it lived on its batAs and who still have a reserve there. " This is a most remarkable body of water. It lies among the " mountain ridges, and consequently extends its long, narrow arms "along the intervenmg valleys like a huge o( to[ms in half-a-dozen "directions. These arms are many miles long, and vary from a " few hundred yards to two or three miles in breadth, and their " high, bold shores, fringed by the little narrow beach of sand and " pebbles, with alternating bays and capes, give beautiful views. "The railway crosses one of these arms by a drawbridge at " Sicamous Narrows, and then goes for a hmg distance along the "southern shores of the lake, running entirely around the end of " the Salmon arm." Sicamous is the station for the Spallumsheen minintj district and other regions up the river, and around Okin- agan Lake, where there is a large settlement. Steamboats ascend the river thirty miles, and a railway is proposed. '• I'or fifty miles " the line winds in and out the bending shores, while geese and " ducks tly over the waters, and light and shadow jjlay ui)on the " ojiiKwite banks. This lake, with its bordering slopes, gives a fine " reminder of Scottish scenery. 'I'he railway in getting around it " leads at ditTerentand many times towards every one of the thirty- " two i)oints of the compass. Leaving the .Salmon aim of the lake "rather than go a circuitous course around the mountains to reach " the south-western arm, the line strikes through the forest over " the top of the intervening ridge at Notch Hill. We come out at "some 600 feet elevation abjve this 'arm,' and get a magnificent " view across the lake, its winding shores on both sides of the long "and narrow sheet of water stretching far on either hancf, with " high mountain ridges for the ojjposite background. The line "gradually runs down hill until it reaches the level of the water; "but here it has i)assed the lake, which has narrowed into the "(south branch of thei Thompson River. Then the valley " broade s, and the eye that has been so accustomed to rocks and " roughness and the uninhabited desolation of the mountains is " gladdened by the sight of grass, fenced fields, growing crops, " haystacks and good farmhouses on the level surface, while herds " of cattle, sheep and horses roam over the valley and bordering " hills in large numbers. This is a ranching country extending " far into the mountain valleys vest of the Gold Range on both " sides of the railway, and is one of the garden spots of British "Columbia. ♦ * The people are comparatively old settlers, " having come in from the Pacific Coast, and it does one's heart " good, after having pas.sed the rude little cabins and huts of the "plains and mountains, to see their neat and trim cottages, with " the evidences of thrift that t\'. all around." Kamloops is a divisional point, and the principal town in the Thompson River Valley, begun years ago around a Hudson s Bay post. 'The north fork of the 'Thompson coines down from the mountains 300 miles northward, and here joins the main river, whence the name of the place, which is an Indian word meaning a river-confluence. It is a beautiful spot. The broad valleys intersect at right angles. 'There is a background of bordering hills, and fine groves line both banks of the stream. Stean)boats are on the river, and saw-mills briskly at work, Chinese labor being largely employed. The triangular space between the rivers opposite Kamloops is an Indian reservation, overlooked by St. Paul's Mountain. 'The principal industry around Kamloops will always he grazing, since the hills are covered with most nutritious " bunch- grass." Agriculture and fruit raising flourishes wherever irrigation is [iracticable. This is the supply point for a large ranching and mineral region southward, er;)ecially in the Okinagan and Nicola valleys, reached by stage lines. Just below Kamloops the 'Thompson widens out into Kamloops Lake, a broad, beautiful, hill-girt sheet of water, along the south shore of which the railway runs some 20 miles. Half-way a series of mountain spurs project into the lake, and are pierced by numer- ous tunnels, one followi -g the other in close succession. .At Savona's Ferry the lake ends, the mountains draw near, and the series of 'Thompson River canyons is entered, leading westward to the Frascr through marvellous .scenery. From here to Port Moody, the nearest point on Pacific tide-water, the railway was built by the Dominion Government and transferred to the company in 1 885. Penny's is an old-time ranching settlement. Ashcrofc has developed into a busy town, being the point of departure for Waggon Road, on the Fraskr Kiver. I'v 'i ADVERTISEMENTS. J^gWE gROTHERS, CUE LP! I. ONTARIO. MANUFACTURERS OF FliVK AND MEDIUM Sideboards and Bedroom Fit riiif lire OUR SI»ECIALTY. ^m^ HOTELS FURNISHED THROUGHOUT. WM. BROWN, 44 & 46 WELLINGTON STREET. EAST. TORONTO, KEEPS IN STOCK SARYEN.A^D OTHER WHEELS, HARDWARE, RIMS, SPOKES, HUBS, SHAFTS, SPRINGS, AXLES, ENAMELLED TOP AND DASH LEATHER, RUB BER CLOTH, MO QUE TTE, ENAMELLED AND OIL CLOTH. CURLED HAIR AND MOSS, • CARRIAGE LAMPS, TRIMMINGS, AND FURNISHINGS. GOWAN & BRITTON (lAIVANOUIJE, ()\T. MANUFACTURERS OF Scrap and T. Hinges, Screw Hooks and Hinges, * Wrought Steel Butts for Builders and Cabinet Makers, Washers, Staples, Hooks, Hasps, Hay Carrier Hooks, Patent Hasp Locks, Bed Fasteners, Steel and Iron Cut Nails, Clout, Truck and Finish- ing Nails, Brads, Tacks and Shoe Nails. We are also prepared to make special Nails or Hinges, or other articles made from iron from samples. The quality of our goods is always A. i, and our facilities for making them are unequalled. ('.iriboo, H.ii) of Uritish ("( lour to ten y with niercha I'liere .ire c. mg IS done. ui)on the Thi .;(>rgc of aim lll.irk (.'any< meanik'rs sw liills. At Sp I lie (,"arit)Oo tlie railway valley, soiitliN Hclow this p( The train ru I lie irregular penetrated 1 and the Ihc winding tor banks are roi streaked an( rust red earl some white doubly brill over which interest of | changing g rocks of ui monum.ntf hues of the most stron Nicomen, a river, wher ERS, uo. UM iii'nitui'c MGHOUT. TTON )\T. and Hinges, and Cabinet s, Hasps, ) Locks, n Cut ish- id ails or Hinges, or The quality of our making them are FROM OCKAN TO OCKAN. 45 ('ariboo, Barkcrvillc, and other settleniunts in the northern interior of British Coiumbia. Trains of freight w.igKons, drawn by from tour to ten yolce of oxen, and long strings of ])ack mules, la:,^';x^^;j'->'^^'^''' I'kaskk Canun, Show INC, I'ocK Tcnnei.s penetrated by tunnels, and the ravines spanned by lofty l)ridges, and the Thompson, in the purity of a trout brook, whirls down its winding torrent-path as green as an emerald. Sometimes the banks are rounded cream white slopes ; next, cliffs of richest yellow, streaked and dashed with maroon, jut out ; then masses of solid, rust red earth, suddenly followed by an olive-green urass slope or some white exposure. With this fantastic color, to which the doubly brilliant emerald river opposes a striking contrast, and over which bends a sky of deepest violet, there goes the additional interest of great height and breadth of p.ospect, and a constantly changing grotesqueness of form, caused by the wearing down of rocks of unequal hardness by water and wind, into towers and monum.'nts, goblins and griffins. The strange forms and gaudy hues of the rocks and scantily herbaged terraces impress themselves most strongly on the memory. Five miles beyoi d Drynoch, Nicomen, a little mining town, is seen on the opposite bank of the river, where gold was first discovered in British Columbia in 1857. attention all along the Fraser and 'I'hompson valleys, Usually twisting and turning about the cliffs, it sometimes ventures down to the river's side, whence it is (piickly driven by an angry turn of the waters. Six miles below Cisco, where it follows the cliffs opposite to the railway, it is forced to the height of a thousand feet above the river, and is pinned by seemingly slender sticks to the face of a gigantic precipice. The canyon alternately widens and narrows. Indians are seen on projecting rocks down at the water's edge s])earing salmon, or scoojjing them out with dip-nets, and in sunny spots the salmon are drying on poles. Chinamen are seen on the occasional sand or gravel bars washing for gold, and irregular Indian farms or vilKages, with their quaint and bar- barously decorated graveyards, alternate with the groups of huts of the Chinese. A charming little hotel m.ikes North Bend (a divisional point) a desirable and delightful stopping pliice for tourists who wish to see more of the Fraser Canyon than is possible from the trains 46 ADVERTISKMF.NTS THE ONTARIO COAL CO MINERS AND SHIPPERS OF ^f ANTHRACITE 4^ COAL ^f BITUMINOUS 4^ ALL GRADES OF STEAM, lOUIVDRY AIVD SMITHING COALS AND COKE ALWAYS ON HAND. COAL SUPPLIED IN CAK LOTS DIRECT FROM THE MINES TO ALL PARTS OF CANADA. General Office and Dock, ESPLANADE, Foot of Churcfi St, TORONTO. M. STAUNTON & CO. Manufacturers of Sliow Rooms at Factory, 850 to 862 Yonge Strait. Sample Rooms, 4 & 6 King Street West, TORONTO. ^ At Boston Fraser comi not only ir described a tical walls o by opposing it madly foE hundred fe< pierced by i ment Road chasm by a with it, abo enormous c The river ii to the right and rejoinii Yale (p point for ni above the i abruptly ar on the opp indicates tl on the rive Hope Stati trading pos directions. bodies of s be worked is soon sue timber. 1 CO. IHUS ^ F CANADA. TORONTO. CO. FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 47 TORONTO. i'RAsKk KivKK, Nkar YAr.E, II. f. At Boston Bar, four miles below, the principal ranyon of ilic Fraser commences, and from lure to Vale, 23 miles, the scenery is not only intensely interesting, hut startlini;. It has been well described as "ferocious." 'Ihe great river is forced between ver tical walls of bLick rocks where, repeatedly thrown ba( k upon itself by opposing cliffs, or broken by ponderous masses of fallen ro( k, it madly foams and roars. The railway is cut into the difls two hundred feet or more above, anil the jutting spurs of rock are pierced by tunnels in close succession. At Spuzzum the ( lovern ment Road, as if seeking com|)any in this awful place, crosses the chasm by a suspension bridge to the side of the railway, and keeps with it, above or below, to Yale. Ten miles below Spu/./um the enormous cliffs apparently shut to'.a-ther and seem to bar the way. The river makes an abrupt turn to the left, and the railway turning to the right, disappears into a long tunnel, emerging into daylight and rejoining the river at Yale. Yale (pop. 1,200) is the head of navigation and an outfitting point for miners and ranchmen northward. It occupies a bench above the river in a deep ciil tie sac in the mountains, which rise abruptly and to a great height on all sides. Indian huts are seen on the opposite bank, and in the village a conspicuous Jos')- House indicates the presence of Chinamen, who are seen washing gold on the river-bars for a long way below Yale. Across the river from Hope Station is the village of the same name- a mining town and trading post, whence trails lead over the mountain in different directions. South westward may be seen Hope Peaks, where great bodies of silver ore are exposed, and only aw.iiting suitable fuel to be worked profitably. Below Hope the canyon widens out, and is soon succeeded by a broad, level valley with rich soil and heavy timber. The rude Indian farms give place to broad, well-cultivated fields, which become more and more frcpient, and vegetation of all kinds r.ipidly in( reascs in luxiiriame as the I'acific is approached. Kiiby Creek is nami-d from the garnets found in the vicinity isee illustration). Ag.issi/, overlooked liy Mt. Che-am, is the station for Harrison Springs (hot sulphur), on M;irrisoii l.^ke, five miles north. These springs are famed tor their i urativc properties, and are visited by invalii' ' from everywhere on the I'acific Coast. .'\ good I I el affords :ic((>nnno(l:uioii, and the country about is must interesting. ,\t Harrison Station the Harrison River is crossed just above its confluence with the I'raser. Until the opening of the I'raser route in |H()4, the only access to the noitlierii interior of the province was by way of the Hariison Valley. A few miles beyond N'icomen, Mount Maker conies into view on the left, and miles away a beautiful isolated cone rising 13,000 feet above the railway level. At .Mission is an important Roiii.in Catholic Indian school. Kiglit miles beyond, at the crossing of the Stave River, the finest view of .Mt. Baker is had, look- ing back and up the Kraser, which has now become a smooth but mighty river. Immense trees are now freouent, and their size is indicated by the enormous stiimiis near the railway. On approaching 1 lamiuondi extensive brick yards are seen, wiience the city of \'an- i:()Uver is largely sui)plieil. \j^ Next conies the important town of New West- minster (poi'. 4,500), on the Fraser River, eight miles distant -one of the foremost towns in the t)rovince. At New Westminster are the Provincial I'enitentiary and Insane .Asy- lum. The town has many handsome buildings, and is the headquarters of the salmon can- ning industry, which is represent- ,, .. . < ■■''V^'CV^Wi;^'^,''if^. ('■> ed by a dozen or ^■'" V ''k ' ■ " • J/'.'<4 ' '■ more extensive es- lki^iiteiVvy,i:,;^;^i-\;*']^^^^ tablishments. It ^^^^■'"'--''^■■'■•'^ ■' •^•'* ••' ' mills, the product of which is ship|)ed largely to China Thb Mining Village of Yale, B. C. I 48 ADVERTISr-MKNTS. MICA •V- '\- ROOFING v»l>'"""*0»' gtlliOIUS rU<|l« USB mtOA ROOrilfO on aU your bulldinB*' It U cheaper than shlnRUs. IWattr Proof and rtr* Proof. UU4JL UiU^iUUUU. USB MIOA PAINT to r«patr leaky roofs. ■hlnsU, Iron or Tin Bool* p,\lnt«d with It wlU Uat twleo ai long. RAPIDLY TAKING THE PLACE OF SHINGLES. IS I 'lit np in nils nt mo ^.|iiar(' li-ct v.tcU. ;•■ II. I.tii; by \ It. wi'lt*. .11 m I 1 osti j\< pet s<)ii.i'i t'<'ii^L■^ i>l I \' I V ili-siri[i!ion, ,iiul crtii In' Uul l>v niifin.iry wnikiii'l). Oi.r man will l.iv II II «>|U4t( It) .1 tl,iv, which hi ttiun the chhi nt Ntic.t r>>< tiiiK .thoiii s<-. prr itipMii' chcrfpcr (' .I'l HhiiinlcN. Sptciftl ii-?ni» lo lir.ilcts who l>ii> cmi Mi.*H HnnhnH tu ^^ll n){aii), Ordt'i-i and conenpoiHiencf .in^wertd pioniplly. Hamilton Mica Roofing Company, OFFICE, 108 JAMES ST. NORTH, Ia:.A.3^«a:IIL.T03S^, 03SrT.A.RI0. MATTHEW GUY MANUFACTURER OF Carriages & Hearses, Waoox'S, Lorries, F.TC, TO OKDKK. Sole Proprietor of the "GUY" CART. Office and Show Room, 129 & 131 Queen St. E. Factory, 108 & 110 Richmond St. E. The Belleville Omnibus Co. Manufacturers of OmnibuseS Specially Suited to the Hotel Trade. Foreign Orders Receive Prompt Attention and all our Busses are fitted with Hub Runners for winter use. roa PsioB LIST Airs oataumvb, AeoBsas JaMHS St. CllAkLHS. . . Manager. BEIjIjEVti_,IjE, ont. CHARLES Wilson, MANUFACTURER OF mnd all other Aaratad BoToracM. WoUd tor •Bparlor Bk— lUa— . 481 SHERBOURNE STREET. ibus Go. j/buses Trade. Attention and ub Runners ABDSBSB - Manager, NT. t SON r IKOM OCKAN TO OCKAN. 49 ■xe«U*aM. lEET. and Australiu. Sieamurs ply roKularly t., Vi.Dnu. »ca (ishinK in ciulle-,s variety. A siay of a week hero will he wcH Port Mjw of the waters an.] mountains on every side. The city has an extensive trade and many large commercial houses'. The t'hinese ([uarter is always interesting to visitors. A railway extends north easterly 70 miles to the great coal mines at Nanaimo. Steamboats afford daily connections with Vancouver and New Westminster, and with Puget Sound ports, and steamships depart weekly for San Francisco, where connections are made for the Sandwich Islands, Australia, Southern California, Mexico and A Si ri'i.v SriiRB is Tin. CIolu Mi.sing Cdcnirv. so ADVERTISEMENTS. JOHN BERTRAM & SONS,DUNDAS, ONT., CAN MANUFACTURERS OF MACHINISTS' TOOLS AND W'OD-WORKING MACHINERY, LOCOMOTIVE AND CAR MACHINERY. BRIDGE CONSTRUCTORS AND BOILER MAKERS' OUTFITS -SPECIAL MACHINERY. Send for Photographs and Catalogues, Descriptions and Prices. THOMAS LAWRY « SON PORK PACKERS. I I I I Q < O THE BEST GOODS IN THE MARKET. CHESTER'S CURE FO/i FOR HAMILTON, ONTARIO. OltliH) of Lyuwn Soiih .V Co., Wliolua&lo DriiKRlKts. Montiikai., Dec. iil, XH85. DkahMr.Ciirhtkh,— In reKaril to your Cure. I uaii Bay that I think it an ex- cellent pruimration. I liaviMuod it and liaviicMuiu much In contact with ttH una. The lieHt CHtiniate of itH intriuHic worth is t<> l>u drawn from the fact that the xaieH iucreaBoitoftdily witli littlo or no alr. Yours respeotfulty, Andiikw VoiiNO, I'oatniaKter, Hhigawalieo Co., Ilonaventure, I'.y. \V. 10. (HKBrKii. Toronto, Nov. ao, lH8Si, Dkaii Hut : I have no husitatiou in stalUiK that your ABthma Cure Is the best I ev<'r came acrosH, and would strouKly recommend It to all suffering (roui the diseaKe. Yours tnily, K. O'Keefe, Brewer and Maltster. For Bale by all DrugRistH. If your own druKgiHt lias not got it In stock, remit #1.00 by mall and you will receive one boi, prepaid, by return. Addnss W. E. CHESTER, 461 Lagauchetiere St., MONTREAL. CAN FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. St ilNERY. ons and Prices. :URE FOR \ :v^ ITURAt,, Dec. 211, 188), Jiat I think It an ex- I contnct with itx iiho. thu fiict that the HaieH 'n re>:oninieqilg it to a worth as n remedy t. Yours truly, Kur liyinan Hoai & Co. iKEK, March <27, IHSil, 'ronouucAH hronchltis, r, Youn reapeotfully, I'.g. iRoN'fo, Nov, 30, lata, thnia Cure la the beat II Buffering from (be got It in itook, remit 'n. Addran . MONTREAL. South American west coast ports. A steamer departs fortnightly in summer for Alaslca, visiting the wonderful fiords of the north coast. Esquimau Harbor, two miles from Victoria, is the British naval station and rendezvous on the North Pacific, with naval storehouses, workshops, graving docks, etc A number of men-of- war are to be found there at all times. But here we must bring our itinerary of the trip across the continent to a close. To the traveller who has accompanied us in these wanderings from the Atlantic to the Pacific, the service we have endeavored to render in these pages may not have been much. Whatever it has been, the writer has sought not to weave a romance, but to narrate the truth. In our limited sjjace we could only, here and there, alight upon a. few ledges of fact, and talk, uninterestingly we fear, of things upon the surface. Matters political did not seem to come within the scope of our little work, consequently, upon matters political we have not touched. The Between Montreal and Toronto. At Mile End junction the Toronto line diverges from the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, skirts the northern slope of Mount Royal around to Montreal Junction (junction with line to Boston and New England points via the St. Lawrence Bridge), and then strikes west through a beautiful and highly cultivated district sloping down to the St, Lawrence River, along the bank of which an almost continuous village extends from Lachine to Ste, Anne's. Thousands of Montreal people live here in summer. A little beyond Montreal Junction the old village of Lachine is seen at the left, and above the trees, further to the left, a good view is had of the great steel cantilever bridge of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company across the St. Lawrence. Ruby Creek, B. C. field for the discussion of such topics is a wide and interesting one, but it is not here. Canada, it may be said, is but slowly making her history, yet if she is true to herself — this at least may be affirmed — she has a field in which to make it. What she is most in need of is population, and with it freer access to the markets of her own continent. With these secured, no bounds may be set to the measure of her i)rosperity, In the intelligent and industrious communities of the seven fair |)rovinces of the Dominion, Canada has the raw material for a future great nation. May Heaven send the fit potters wisely to shape and fashion it ! But we take leave of our task and say farewell to those in whose company we have so jjleasantly journeyed. Again we express regret for the shortcomings of this little book. Whatever they are, and however we have failed to interest, may we not urge that it is something for the traveller to have seen with his own eyes Canada's ide domain " From Ocean to Ocean." Lachine was for a long time the point of departure of the early trading military expeditions, and it was from here that Duquesne set out in 1754 to seize the Ohio Valley -an expedition that cul- minated in the defeat of Braddock. Ste. Annc"s. One of the five mouths of the Ottawa River is crossed by a fine steel bridge at Ste. Anne's, at the head of the Island of Montreal, Directly under the bridge are the locks, by means of which steamboats going up the Ottawa are lifted over the rapids here. Ste. Anne's was once the home of the poet Moore, and is the scene of his well-known boat song. Another Ottawa mouth is bridged at Vaudreuil. St. Clet. Here the St, Lawrence curves away towards the south, while tlic railway keeps on a direct course towards Toronto, passing through a beautiful farming country, with -./a y orchards, and with tracts of the original forest here and th' re. At St. Polycarpe the Canada Atlantic Railway is crossed, and at Kempt- ville the St. Lawrence and Ottawa section of the Canadian Pacific 52 ADVKRTISEMENTS POWER MACHINERY, MILL AND MANUFACTURING SUPPLIES. SEND FOR NEW CATALOGUE. LARGEST STOCK IN THE DOMINION. SOHO MACHINE WORKS, Toronto, Ont. Iron Working Machinery, Wood Working Machinery, Mining Machinery, Steam Pumps, Engines and Boilers, ^c. Railway, cott, on th nianufactu Rideaii Hi Smitli's villc st'ctio JJrockville, Ogdenslmi Place, 1,^ 1 Pacific Ra for which f Superior b i'>xcellciu r Perth, prosperous factory of deposits of For IOC VlF.W hy rocky uj phate, asbe; ston and P( to Renfrew, crossed at especially n Moira Rive rich farmin) the crossin Pi('ton and large and e divisional p farming coi Ten mil Otonabee affording a large mills ; large trade. iY, FROM OCKAN TO OCEAN. 53 7. chinery, ines ers, ^c. Railway, extending northward to Ottawa and southward to Pres- cott, on the St. Lawrence River. At Merrickville, a considerable manufacturing town, a fine iron bridge carries the line over the Rideau River to Smith's Falls. Smitii's l''alls. Pop. 2,400. Junction with Ottawa and Brock- ville section of the Canadian Pacific Railway, which connects at Urockville, on the St. Lawrence, with ihe Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad, in the State of New York, and at Carleton Place, 1,? mills northward, with the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway. The town has a number of important factories, for which falls in the Rideau River afford amjile water power. Sui)erior bricks are made here, and good building stone abounds. I'^xcellenl refreshment rooms at tiie station. Perth, the nevt stopping place, has a jiopulation of 4,000. A prosperous town with a number of mills, and an extensive manu- factory of railway cars. (,)uarries of fine building stone and deposits of mineral phosphates are worked in the vicinity. For 100 miles beyond Perth the country is more or less broken for sportsmen and pleasure-seekers. Beautiful lakes, rivers and waterfalls occur in all directions, and the fishing is especially good. 'I'he I'eterborough or Rice Lake canoe, so well known to all sportsmen, is made here, and with one of them a great extent of territory rnay be reached from here. Railway lines centre here from half a dozen directions. ■Retween Peterborough and Toronto are market stations for a fine agricultural country. Wheat, rye, oats, barley, butter, cheese and fruit are largely produced, and much attention is given to cattle breeding. Beyond Oreen River, Lake Ontario may be seen occasionally. North Toronto. Station for the northern part of Toronto. Street cars connect with all parts of the city, and cabs maybe had at the station. Toronto Junction. Divergence of Credit Valley, and Toronto, drey and B'ucc sections of the Canadian Pacific Railway, the former extending to London and St. Thomas, connecting at the latter ].oint with the Michigan Central Railroad for Detroit, Viiw OF riiK MouNiAiN From riii; ("lOviiKNOR s HousK on Van ityto Montreal in 'he Dominion. It is situated on Lake Ontario, which affords water com-nunication with the other great lakes westward and with the St. Lawrence River eastward. It has a most complete railway system, reaching out to every important place and district in the jirovince. It has immense manufacturing establishments, and some of the largest commercial houses in the country. Its educational institutions are widely known. The city has an unusual number of imposing public and private buildings. Its people are nearly all English and Scotch, and while the city has strongly marked English characteristics, it is distinctly western in the intensity of its activity and energy. Unlike ()uebec, Mon- treal or Ottawa it is no city set upon a hill. It lies on a flat plain, with a rising inclination to the northward, and covers an area of about twelve square miles. It has a spacious harbor, screened 54 ADVERTISEMENTS. MERIDEN * * "+•*" • * BRITANNIA COMPANY, COMBirfNG ARTISTIC DESIGNS WITH GREATEST DURABILITY. MANUFACTURERS OF Purcliaser.s of I'latxd Ware are cautioned ajj^ainst the worthless trash with which Canada is heinj:; flooded through peddlers and unprincipled dealers. Tmd* If you want Genuine Meriden Britannia Company's make, see that this Trade Mark is stamped on each article that you purchase. KNIVES, FORKS AND SPOONS STAMPED "1847 ROGERS BROS. XII," ARE GENUINE ROGERS GOODS. WAREROOMS . LONDON, PARIS, NEW YORK, CHICAGO, SAN FRANCISCO. FACTORIES: MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT, AND HAMILTON, ONTARIO. The ahove cut shows the XII Sectional Plating wherehy the surfaces most exposed to w^ear are protected hy an extra coating of silver four times the usual thickness. I a be, ITY. \\c\\ Ciinada Trad* FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 55 ER8 GOODS. JES: :ticut, , ONTARIO. exposed to ;kness. from the lake by a fine island fender, a delightful summer resort of the citi7ens, and on which may be seen numberless picturesque cottages, and, within its enclosure, every species of craft gliding about in the bay. Beyond the wharves, rising up from the busy shore-front, are over 200 mile . of branching streets, which intersect each other, generally at right angles, and in which " live, move and have their being," nearly 1 70,000 souls. The chief streets devoted to retail business are King and Queen, running parallel with the bay and a few blocks north of it, and Vonge Sireet, cleaving the city in twain and extending to its northern limits. The portion of the city occupied by the large wholesale houses. gave it, and by which it was lofig known, w?s Little York. In 1834 it was incorporated as a city, when it assumed the Indian appellation, which it now bears, of Toronto. When it rose to the dignity of a city it had a population of less than 10,000 ; to-day its population as we have said, is close upon 1 70,000, and the value of its taxable property amounts to over a hundred millions. Its strides in population, in the value of its imports and I amount of ratable property are matched by its growth and develop- I ment in other directions, and by the status to which the city has I risen as the great mart and distributing centre of industry and ! commerce. To it, the rich Province of Ontario, with not a little j of the great North-West, is tributary. It has become a vast com- 1 mercial emporium, a great railway centre, the literary "hub" of ' the Dominion, the Mecca of tourists, an Episcopal and Arch- I E[)iscopal See and the ecclesiastical headquarters of numerous j denominations, the seat of the Law Courts, the Provincial Legis- lature, the universities, colleges and great schools of learning. In addition to all these it has become a most attractive place of resi- dence. Besides its varied modern life and its commercial and I intellectual activities, Toronto is not lacking in an historic past, I and, as antiquity goes in the New World, it has not a little to feed I and to gratify the historic memory Into this, however, we cannot here go, nor have we space to deal in any detail with the city's I sights. All we can do is to indicate briefly its chief attractions, -^■'> Sunoii or Oulr Tui, Cut omlt 150 rtiT won rbulsT •irit or nOTIL VAMCOCTim. Hotel Vanioi'vkr, Vanioi ver, li. C. The I'roi'ertv of the C. F. Railwai. the banks, financial institutions, loan and insurance companies, the Ciovernment and municipal ottices, lies adjacent to the water- front. Close to the water-front, also, is the general railway terminus. The residential part of the city lies chiefly to the north and west of the business section, and is well set o(7 and ornamented by neat villas, rows of detached or semi-detached houses, with boulevards, lawns and fine shade trees. A hundred years ago the whole of the now fair Province of Ontario was o forest wilderness, and Toronto was unknown, save as a small French trading post. In 1793 its foundations were laid by Governor Simcoe, the first administrator of the province, who also made it the provincial capital. The name which he then and to refer the visitor to the fuller local sources of information. The chief buildings that will strike the eye of the visitor as he drives through the business portion of the city, will be the public offices of the Dominion Ciovernmcnt, the Post Office, and the Custom House ; the banks (and, notably, the branch institution of the Bank of Montreal, and the head offices of the Canadian Bank of Commerce) ; the palatial offices of the great insurance, loan and financial companies ; the homes of the leading news- papers ; the many fine hotels and clubs, and the massive marts of industry and commerce. At present the Legislature, the Local and County Courts, and the nmnicipal machinery are all poorly housed, though new Parliament Buildings, of an imposing char- 56 ADVERTISEMENTS. IlSDURN : Ireland ^Largest Manufacturers in the World ty ["^ai lorsThread &ShoemakersThread ^rjC* for Hand and Machine Sewing . *M;TlK^.}Tli TAILORS' THREADS BOOTA SHOE THREADS SOLE SEWING «WAX MACHINE THREADS CARPET THREADS BOOKBINDERS THREADS forHAND )MACHINE SEWING. f\j:i\^^\SW\HQlWf{lMiSallCo/ors /or Embroidery, Oewet Work ic NEHINC TWINES & THREADS.- CILUNC THREADS. UPHOLSTERERS' & MATTRESS TWINE aU sizes. SEAMING &ROPINC TWINES for SAILMAKER&BGOKBINDERSJk. '!i DUTCH TWINE in 2.3 * 6 PLY /n BALLS S HANKS. WHITE TWINE in SINGLE PLY also 2.3.4- j^ 6 PLY. PARCELLING TWINES it PACKING CORDS. ifiarT-i1l5aLj3i CrajidSt Thread Mius. Paterson.New Jersey. USA SpRUC£Fitu>FLAxMias.Usbum Irtland German Branch - Ottensen nread Works. Hamburg. ^^„p^ES and Prices on arpucatioh. HEADQUARTERS IN UNITED STATES: THE BARBOUR BROS. CO., 218 CHURCH STREET, NEW YORK. 'tl BIOH BTmBBT, BOBTOH. 108 and llO FXAinCLIir BTSBBT, 0.3Z0AOO. 231 OHBSTiniT BTBBBT, rHIIJU>B&nnA 707 WABBtiraTOir AVBNVB, ST. I.OVZB. S17 and S10 MAMCBT BTBBBT, BAW nUUIOtSOO. THOMAS SAMUEL & SON. - Agents for Canada. 8 ST. HEJUiEIT ST.TiEET, ]Sd:onsrTItE.A.Ij. And at 3 WELLINGTON STREET EAST, TORONTO. 299 ST. VALLIER STREET, QUEBEC. acter and worl the Queen's P been acquired city s churches ingly vicing Toronto with charge of inv he taken as tt fames' Cathe Catholic), St. (Methodist), J gationni). In hundred and quarters and Next to th the National St. James' Stu mcnt, the Mi School Buildi system of On is also a men Park, heautil flank the Coll This grand ^ of Toronto's the Parliam< by a Chance Senate and ( directed by J and the Pro the college, I with the Ut Catholic, the Evangelical the Methodi to Toronto, buildings, 01 construction Communior FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 57 acter and worthy of the province, are now in course of erection in the Queen's Park, while a new site, centrally situated, has recently been acquired for a handsome City Hall and Court House. The city s churches are many and beautiful, the denominations seem- ingly vicing with each other as to which of them shall adorn Toronto with the most costly edifice. Without incurring the I harge of invidiousness, we may be permitted to name what may be taken as the finest buildings of each of the chief sects ; St. fames' Cathedral (Episcopal), St. Michael's ('athedral (Roman Catholic), St. Andrew's ( Presbyterian ), the Metropolitan Church (Methodist), Jarvis Street (Haptist), and College Avenue (Congre- gational). In all, the number of the city':; churches exceeds one hundred and twenty, exclusive of mission houses and the head- quarters and branch barracks of the Salvation .\rmy. Next to the churches, the educational institutions, and noiably the National University, are the pride and glory of Toronto. In St. James' Sciuare are situate! the Provincial Education Depart ment, the Museum and Art Rooms, and the Normal and Model academical institution and training school in arts, medicine and divmity. It stands in a park of twenty acres, with a background of romantic beauty, in the west end of the city. The great law courts of the Province, and the library and convocation hall of the I^iw Society of Upper Canada are nobly housed in Osgoode Hall, one of the chief " show places " of the city. In addition to the numerous railway lines of the Canadian Pacific and Grand Trunk companies centering here, the Northern Railway extends northward, past Lake Simcoe, to North Bay, on Lake Nipissing, where it connects with the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway. FORT -A^RTHTTR 3LIITE. Presuming, however, that the traveller will take the route by the dreat Lakes, as the most interesting and enjoyable, of those V YORK. School Buildings. Here are the headquarters of the educational system of Ontario, presided over by a Minister of Education, who is also a member of the Provincial Executive. In the Queen's Park, beautifully approached by a mile of chestnut trees, which flank the College .Avenue, is the University and College of Toronto. This grand Norman pile is justly considered the flower and climax of Toronto's architecture, and ranks next, in imposing beauty, to the Parliament Buildings, Ottawa. The University is governed by a Chancellor and Vice Chancellor, with the members of the Senate and Convocation. The aflairs of University College are directed by a Council, comjiosed of the President, Vice-President and the Professorial stafl". There are ten professors attached to the college, besides a number of lecturers and tutors, .\tfiliated with the University are the theological colleges of the Roman Catholic, the Presbyterian and the Baptist communions, and the Evangelical section of the Anglican Church. Victoria University, the Methodist training institution, is about to remove from Cobourg to Toronto, and to be aflfilialed with Toronto University. New buildings, on a new site, for Upper Canada College, are under construction for this old and historic institution. The Anglican Communion have, in Trinity University and College, a fine through Canada at any rate, we shall set out with liim over that route and make our way by rail from the provincial capital t<" Owen Sound. This route will take the traveller through the rich farming country of Central Ontario, over the C. P. R'y, a branch line of railway formerly known as the Toronto, drey and Bruce Road, but now brought under the Canadian Pacific system. Between Toronto and Orangeville on this line the railway runs through a fine agricultural country dotted every few miles with growing villages. Orangeville. Poj). 4,000. A farming centre, as shown by the elevators at the station. At Orangeville Junction the branch line runs to Teeswater. Between Orangeville and Dundalk is a well cultivated plaieau, furnishing lime and building stone. The lakes of this region, especially at Homing's Mills, 4 miles from Shelburne, are noted for extraordinary trout. The road is here 1,300 feet above I^ Ontario. Flesherton is a brisk agricultural village. The town of Flesh- erton is 2 miles east, and Priceville 4 miles west. A little east of Flesherton are Eugenia Falls, and many most picturesque brooks and cataracts abounding iii fish. North from here is a rolling, timbered and well-watered region. Fine farming in the valleys. Lumber, cordwood and tan-bark are exported largely. Scotch and Irish people predominate. Lime- stone abounds, and lime is made. At Owen Sound (see illustration), a prettily situated town on an inlet of the Georgian Bay, one or other of the fine Clyde-built steamers of the Canadian Pacific Steamship Line will be found ready for sail. Pop. 6,000. This town has grown rapidly since 58 ADVKRTISEMENTS. F. G. BECKETT ENGINE CO. HAMILTON, ONTARIO MkaaCietnrara of :^'=^*^f , "ni*rir"^rri^:?^W Marine Engines, Horizontal Engines, Automatic Engines, Portable Engines, Steam Launcbes, Steam Yacbts, Tug Boats, Marine Boilers, Stationary and Portable Boilers, Mining Macbinery, For Gold, Silver, Copper, Iron and Coal, Hoisting Engines, Pumping Engines, Portable Saw Mills, Flour Mills. MALCOLM'S CLIMAX - REFRIGERATORS TA KE THE LE AD. Refrigrerators for Grocers, Butchers, Brewers, Hotels, Steamboats, and Family Use. THOUSANDS OF TESTIMONIALS, AMUNO WHICH auk: DiHTiM.KRB AND Rbkwrkr.— (iondorlmiii & \Vort8. Toronto; Hobt. UavieB, do.; (ieo. Klecnian, (tuelph. PoBK I'AiKKBs.— K. \V. Kcarnian, Hamil- ton ; Jan. I'ark * Souh. Toronto. HoTKi.H.— The Qui'on'R Hotol, Toronto; Walkor Hoiiax. uo. ; Palmer Houho, do. ; Alliion Hotol, do. Steamkbh — (". r. Ky. SteamerH; Deatty'H Line of Kteaniera. IUkkrh and Conkkctionkbk.- (ieorRO H. MeConkuy, Toronto ; Harry Wobb, do. (OMMISNION MKBCKANTN.— .1. W. CUftH, I'ortl'erry; Kobt. Kainsay, Toronto. GURTS & MALCOLM BKAHUrAOTVaBSa, TORONTO, - ONT. the building c area offarmi the Sydenhan by an amphil and in summi two or three i clays abundai enware, are it easily acccssil Pacific Line f wood and a steamers arc going look, a of the great ii as well as coi well officered Huron is th SEND FOR CATALOGUE AMD PRICES. not so picti for larg" vc passage can smaller steal recommend At Killarne^ begin to re " Soo," the mainland a side being f channel its< sizes and d( Soon afl the rocks, r pass into a studded wit Cloche ; o Indian mytl the eviden< FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. 59 rtable Boilers, 3RS PRICES. the building of the railway, and is the shipping point for a vast area of farming country. The town is situated at the mouth of the Sydenham River at the head of the sound, and is surrounded by an amphitheatre of Hmestone cliffs. The region is well wooded, and in summer is visited by large numbers of tourists. Within two or three miles are pretty waterfalls. Building stone at.il brick clays abundant. Manufactures, especially of furniture and wood- enware, are increasing. Shooting or fishing in great variety arc easily accessible. In addition to the steamships of the Canadian Pacific Line for Fort Arthur, steamers depart regularly for Colling- wood and all ports on (ieorgian liay. The Canadian Pacific steamers are handsome, substantial vessels, with a decided sea- going look, as befits their work in buffeting the occasional storms of the great inland sea of Superior. They arc exceedingly safe as well as comfortable, are handsomely appointed, well found and well officered. The route through the (Ieorgian Bay and Lake Huron is that known as the south channel passage, and though earthquake and volcano. Yet the islands have gathered soil to cover their tjaunt bones of rock, and stand out like emeralds upon the glassy surface of the channel. The endless variety of these islands is absolutely enchanting. To one who has never visited them, the constant change of scene, the play of nature, infinite in her resources, can scarcely be conceived. Between the bit of angular rock just emerging from the surface, and the large islands of many thousands of acres, there is an infinite series. Some are barren or clad only with moss ; others bright with the freshest verdure ; on some the warmly tinted foliage of the Canadian maple, the birch and the pine, throw an air of cheerful- ness even on the rocks of the main shore. Twenty-five .niles from Killarney is Little Current, opposite La Cloche Islan i. Here the visitor may meet with a few worthy successors of the f ^rly Roman Catholic missionaries who suffered and died for Christianity in the French regtpue, and, whether Protestant or Catholic, he will not be disappointed with an inter- The Trans-Continbntai. Train From Montreal and Vancouver Without Change. not so picturesciue as the northern one, is safer and less intricate for larg" vessels with a deep draught. The northern channel passage can be taken, however, as far as the Sault Ste. Marie, on smaller steamers, and, if time is no particular object, we should recommend the tourist to take this exceedingly pictures(iue route. At Killarney, on the Algoma shore, the beauty of the route will begin to reveal itself From this pretty Lidian village to the " Soo," the steamer passes through a devious channel between the mainland and the Manitoulin Islands, the coast line on either side being full of craggy headlands and rugged indentations. The channel itself is studded with innumerable islands of all forms, sizes and degrees of elevation. Soon after passing Killarney, which is a quiet fishing village on the rocks, recalling some kindred spots, it is said, in Brittany, we pass into a lovely bay studded with islands as the firmament is studded with stars. On the right rise the sterile mountains of La Cloche; on the left is the great Manitoulin— the abode, in the Indian mythology, of Manitou, the great Spirit. Everywhere are the evidences of geological convulsion, during the reign of fire, view, however brief, with the Fathers on Manitoulin. Proceeding on our way, we i)ass successively Spanish River, Bruce Mines and St. Joseph Island, and enter the narrow channel of the St. Mary River. This rapid and broken current is at once the outlet of Lake Superior and the boundary line between Canada and the United States. An hour or two's delightful sail brings us to the dual town — one on the Canadian and one on tht American side of the river— of Sault Ste. Marie. Both are situated near the foot of the rapids which here obstruct navigation between l-akes Superior and Huron. The current in the rapids runs at the rate of from fifteen to twenty miles an hour, and forms an impassable barrier to the passage of vessels of any description. A canal, constructed on the American shore, obviates the impediment to navigation. The "Soo" is beautifully situated, and forms one of the favorite summer resorts in this healthy region. It has of late sprung into great importance as a railway centre, since the Canadian Pacific constructed their branch line from Sudbury along the Algoma shore to this point, where it connects with the 60 ADVERTISEMENTS. The Mamtfachirers L.ife Insurance Company AND THE Mamifachtrers Accident Insttrance Company. Authorized Capital, $2,000,000 and $1,000,000 Respectively. LOW RATES. CLAIMS PROMPTLY PAID. ABSOLUTE SECURITY. THIRTY DAYS GRACE. Most liberal and varied forms of Life and Accident Policies. President— SIR JOHN A. MACDONALD. P.C.G.C.B. Vice- Presidents- GEO. GOODERHAM, Esq., Prcs. Bank of Toronto, WM. BELL, Esq., Organ Mfgr., Guelph Secretary-Treasurer- J. L. KERR. Superintendent— A. H. GILBERT. wistcrn railw in W171, tli.it of the (dUiU inllueiu'o of the Indian t Leaving St, Mary Rii whi( li thu Ii an area of 160 hrcid. (iiffs varyinj. Canadian si« southern sid I'orcupine \ of Martjucttt distant City course diriTt twenty-four \ the lofty puri shore, as we lovely islets^; over the rock extends for i frowning clif picturesque | the present ti fire, earthqua about the si playful of m the artist, the presents unri shore of Lak to Thunder Arthur, fs th< u[)on the su portance in i r Kmort ii locitturo|irUa< I'ROM OCKAN TO OCKAN. kmy. VELY. IRAOE. olicies. fgr., Guelph western railway system of the United States. It was at the Sault, in 1671, that Father Allouet |ilanlfd the cross and took possession of the country in the nanu of the Kieni li King, Louis XIV. The inlluence of these ear ' Jisuit inissiiinaries is still potent among the Indian tribes, everi .is far west as the Rocky Mountains. Leaving the "Soo," a short sail I)rings us to the heail of the St. Mary River and the entrance to Lake Superior. This lake, whic h the Indians call "Gitchee Ciumee," or Big Sea Water, covers an area of 33,000 s(|uare miles. It is altout 400 miles long by 160 broad. lis shores are almost uninterru|>tedly rock bound, the (liffs varying from 300 to 1,500 feet in height, the north or Canadian side being pre eminently grand and ruggeti. On the southern side, the objects of interest are the I'ictured Rocks, Porcupine Mountain, the Twelve Apostles' Islands, and the Town of Mar(|uette, the seat of the rich iron trade of the region, and the distant City of IJuluth, in Minnesota. The steamer takes its course directly across the widest part of the lake, and less than circumscribed space of about eighty feet S(|uarc, untold wealth of precious metal was to be got out of the mine, and for a time the yield indeed was enormous. Hut we now pass the magnificent headland of Thunder (.'ape, which rises grandly into a high bold wall of (juartz, nearly 15,000 feet above the lake, and steam to moorings in the thriving modern Town of Port .\rlhur. TOROITTO 3 AUVKRTISEMKNTS. ,— \ ^ J. F. Pease Fune Company. OKKICK AND WORKS: J89, 191 . In the construt tion of this line the u'inost care was taken with every detail, and nothing was left undone to make it what it wa.' intended by its [irojectors to be, the very best new line evei constructed on the .\merican Continent. The line is eiiuip|>ed with tlie finest passenger, sleeping an J parlor cars in the world. The wheels used under all the passenger rolling stock are of Krupp steel, 40 inches in diameter, not one of which has ever failed ; the axles are of steel, and of the full si/.e of the iron axles used on other lines. The car bodies are strcmgly framed to meet any contingem y, and are wider and higher than those of any other railway. Hoth first and second class cars are designed tt) secure uniform warmth, combined with perfect ventilation, in winter, and an abundance of cool air, free from dust, in summer, and the cars of no other line can compare with them in these respects, nor in strength, elegance and comfort. The sleeping and ()arlor cars are owned and operated by the Com|)any, and no expense has been spared to iiuike them perfect. They are finished outside with polished inalu)gany, and their interiors, with their rich carvings and beautiful fittings, are beyond comparison, 'i'he berths are wider and longer than in atiy other sleeping cars. The curtains, blankets and linen, made expressly for the Company, are of the finest quality. The sleeping cars are [irovided with bath rooms, and the sleeping and parlor cars are si)ccially constructed so as to enable [)assengers to view the .'-cenery passed. In fact there is nothing overlooked, nor any expense spared to make passenger travelling over the line as comfortable as the ingenuity and good taste of the modern times vill allow. Toronto, Ont. 64 ADVERTISEMENTS. NORTHEY & GO'S SPECIAL STEAM PUMPS. INDEPENDENT AIR-PUMP CONDEIVSERS For attaching: to HIGH PRESSURE STEAM ENGINES, Marine and Stationary. Q ^ «: ^ Q u U ;^ U b H ^ ^ wi ^H M >H «: g p o o o w u w M ^ H o wi cu U C4 Ci PUMPS — — KOR- Boiler Feeding, Fire Protection, Water Supply, Mining Use, &c. PRICES AND PARTICULARS ON API'LICAIION. SmLE & DUPLEX STEAM & WATER-POWER PUMPS These Pumps are of the latest and best design, the result of long and valuable experience in the Canadian Pump Trade. NORTHEY & CO., TORONTO, ONT. OFFICE AND WORKS! COR. FRONT AND PARLIAMENT STREETS. \ n.F.w Gon: peri'ec edges pi;'3.: lie jx C OV -^ T ''»e i T fbuff 'S 'S )tection, Jse, &c. 'UMPS noe ONT. ^ PART.IAl-R'T BOCK GOf.'SZRVATION n.F.R. FROM DG^AN TO OdllAi: Condition './hen iteceivcd: i'a:iphlet pdrl'ect bound in a hart.l cloth cover, edges trimned. Paper cover detached. Pi: 3.^. Repair: Binding: removed. Oripinal cover reattached, tears repaired. In painting on cover. Deacidified with '-v'ei T'o Solution. Perrect hindinp left '0 hold papcs tof^ether. V.heat paste fbuf fared, pr>:-:servative") used as ndh^civa CKAY & Co. IMPORTERS OF WOOLLENS & GENERAL DRY-COODS AGENCY OF SHEETINGS, SHIRTINGS, TICKINGS, 48 Frtri St. Wttt aid 40 Bay St., Y/!LRNS, &C. TOROnO. 1=^RQWN BROS., -^♦4^ ^Misiisse) S®^M!!ii8e -MANUFACTURERS OP- - - ACCOUNT BOOKS, - - Ban@Y l^ea^Hep Seeds, ebe. DKALEBS IW BOOKBIMDERS' MATERIAL AMD PBIWTEHy SUPPUM. Publishers of The Canadian Office and Pocket Diaries, &c. 64, 66, 68 KING STREET EAST, TORONTO, ONT. WK iRvll. MtMlioo to wir VERY LAROC AND COMPULTI STOCK ia wwr dq^amit. Bvwr tMati hai bMa mad. to aU* oot ■CSS*-SrTHtfi»rr COMMUTE STATiptHilY HOUW fa tb. Do«iirfo«. IU.ifr*«H.« ^ wmitmsv mmtm^ «< _jPO(Um ngMdii« gwJtor. Stylo and Prk» OFFICE SUPPUKS AND •FCCIALTICS. BROWN BROS., Manufacturing otationers,^ - TORONTO. 64 ADVERTISEMENTS. NORTHEY & SPECIAL STEAM P INDEPENDENT AIR-PUMP CONDENSERS For attaching: to HIGH PRESSURE STEAM ENGINES, Marine and Stationary. Q ^ ^ 1-3 • H U U H Pn H ^ ^ wj hH W >H wi g U o O ^ o P:j o U H ^ H O wj ^ U W C5 PRICES AND PARTICULARS ON AI'1'I.ICATION. PUMPS FOR- Boiler Feeding, Fire Protection, Water Supply, Mining Use, &c. SIHGLE & DUPLEX STEAM & WATER-POWER PUMPS szixft-^rxozi. These Pumps are of the latest and best design, the result of long and valuable experience in the Canadian Pump Trade. NORTHEY & CO., TORONTO, ONT. OFFICE AND WORKS! COR. FRONT AND PARLIAMENT STREETS. ■y 'S tection, Ise, &c. UMPS noe ONT. ORDON. MaCKAY & Co. IMPORTERS OF WOOLLENS & GENERAL DRY-GOODS AGENCY OF SHEETINGS, SHrRTINGS. TICKINGS, YARNS, &C. 48 Frort SI. WtsI ni 40 Bay St., TOROVn. TH ROWN BROS., -4^4^ ^MANUFACTURERS OF- - . ACCOUNT BOOKS, - - Hih FansY l^ea^hep Seeds, eto. D EALSBS IW B OOKBIMDBBS' MATERIAL AMD PBIWTEBS' SUPPLiBB. Publishers of The Canadian Office and Pocket Diaries, &c. 64, 66, 68 KING STREET EAST, TORONTO, ONT. IX/ EiUblWi«Ml THt MOST COMmXTE OTATIONmY HOUSl to Uw DoMfatoji. MMitfM>wl.» yy oiffHiw ry wwylwi^ Md ngtldii« QwHty. Stylo ud Prioa. OFFICC SUPPUKS AND SPCCIALTIKS. BROWN BROS., Manufacturing Stationers,. * TORONTO, i P ! W | " ! '^!Bg' tco.« IrlioUmiNI^ tiiPdiiTiiis or i^ Ildl^ FMshinjSj :!Si!! sm a . ItAJiROASHJERY. FANCY QOOPS SB ^C - - TOROMTO. - - 4