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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. by errata ned to lent une pelure, fapon & 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 I Michael toEEUYTER. oAdm I ma des Adriaen &z evaliei mcs.. ^ 't^au^aoTL Sculai IWHWgMBipi M i Miil ii i ii MWJ. •1 DESCRIPTION Of the ISLAND of f ^ M ^ I C A ; With the other Ifles and Territories in JIM E RICA to which the Englifb are Related, i/ia. Barbadoesj St. Chriftofhers , Nievis^ or Me» AntegOj St. Vincent. Dominicay MontferfAty ">< BarbAday Bermudesy Carolina^ VirgmUy Mary land y New-Torl{y New'Englandy Mewpound" Land, r^^bliftied by Richard Blome. TOGETHER With the Prefent State A L g I E %^s. of ZO N D Ny Printed hy^^B. for Dorman ]Sfe\vmany at the Kings Arms in the PouUrey. 1678. .«>'J- ^L ) a. / TO HIS SACREDMAJESTY CH4\.LESU. King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland;, &c. Dread Soveraign. ,HIS fm^U Trea- rile, or Defcrip^ion, of Yoiir Majcfties Dominions and ttr- ritoriesin d/fmerica, humbly prefents its felf unto Your Royal Patronage, by the hands of Vour MAJESTIES moft htinible and obedient SubjeQ: and Servant, Richard Blome. V i ' - 1 .A t •^•^•^'^'f'.1b;ibd^ » 'J *. 'ini > «^ p r 4 4. 4 ■• T '^ .1 [ A iV: n H :> .» V-* ^^1, /l^ Iv V \ ii iu.!)''-:)') V U a JV, rv ,\v\- Hi >I ' -t-j V, •. -i'. .. ], ♦ <-> r ♦ 'r> Q-jqi iU o '^ r ^ 1 1.^5 .-»•• t. r /v>' ^Vi i[ \ ••» r 'r lOKkliTi'' 9' V. f ^ > vi f r rr> V ^rrr^. 1/ ^^^ ^. ojnif -^ •?r i 1 r^'i" -■^riif vo /•-. r ■ iiOi);vi « r. T ■ n^f :o ) /v, » «»•l/^ /•• >*» Jl~.* , '^^^•: ':ti fisi ##'#*^M# i « 1* « « P R:E F A CE T O T H E •'1 READER H^ing ihi pLvoHt offome Notes /re?«i my Honoured Friend, Sir Thomas Linch Knight, About the Defcrip- tion of the Ifland of Jamaica, xvhofe Worth and Ingenuity hath lately merited from his Majcfty the Government of the /aid m^; M Hk^pif^ ibj? P££?I^^^j^ ^fS^' veral Papers relating to we Amiis and Delcription of the other Ifles and Territo- ries in America, wherein the Englifli are concerned , which I received from the hands of feveral of my Friends who are related thereunto y I thought them very ft to he "i^»bltflbed. The Jaid Notes and Papers / ha7je digejled into a clearer and more com" fendiom Method ^ being ^r/*?^' Defcriptions thereof y which this fmaU Treatife only aim- Pjth at ; and not to trouble the Reader with Urge and unnccejfary difcourfes no ways fro- fer To dbc kveader. /5r. fir the Depgn in hand : fir fy thst mems y / mi^t ( fy the helf of a large Print which jome Tnhlifber of Books cdU Ormmenul ) have put them to an unnecef fary charge in Buying y and as great a tron* hie in Heading. / have a.lfo added fome Maps fir the ni&e utility thereof y which were taken front' the Lateft Surveys. « f Rich. Blome. rts) fy thst 4 large )oks csS mmecef" \t a troH* ne Maps Uh were jikxMH^ ■ 4>~ I f ' t^ .• I !' ( IV ro «^- >■ III ■ ■ il i M ila > — *■» - *# - •Vt\ >» ■ •! Mofi'ntfuns which PfTnfeJfbr' iUe/tain ty tht 1 m I IT 111 1 "p^ 1 ^^ XtJw! 'it, < • Frc Lcagi Fr< cadci V n i ig^t i ! »jitt»<>»wHJ^^- - - "^^^ ' -^«r «w«~«#««««#«»B«ia«M»«MHiM«MNMB««^ —»•<*■■*— -*»-»■ •»■ •■ It ingi fron deft aib< F 'r .^ f o ! ANEW j SURVEY; b R, . Defcription of the Ifland of f ^ M nA i C ^^ T iHe idand of Jamaica lyeth betwixt tUertsSeh^ji Tropic ks in the 17. and 18. Degrees of ation. Northern Latitude y and beareth from off the Ifland of Hiffaniola Eaftward, about 35, Leagues., From the Ifland of Ckba Korthwards, &bout 20 i l-.;gues/,. . , ... ^, roni Fotto BeUo Southwards, about 160. Leagues. , From Cartiaagena South-eafl^rly oibout 140;] Leagues. From ^}0^«/<«/i/W^^f in the Continent South- ea(lerly, i6*. Leagues. The form and Extent of the Jflel it is fomething inclined tQ an Oval Form, be-irsFom ihg from EaH; to Weft 170 Miles in lengthy andand Ev from North to South in the Midft where it is broa- ^^^^\ dcd about 70, it waxing narrower and narrower at both extream ends. From £aft to Weft along the midft of the IJle mm » €omm€4Ridgeonofty^(?«>7/fi#>// which ik'. J. uf ll Japtaica. arcfulloffrc(h Sfrif/gs^ whence flow the many Rivers that fo {^Icndf ully waters thie Ijlaad^ to^c great rcfrcihmcnt and accommodation of the Jtn- habitants, ^_^ ,. . „ TheSoyle, fertilityj'^^c. TtsSoyl, and Fcr' li.icy. J ■r- n Savanis, Indian Maiz. Uis in mod parts ( cfpeci^iljr the north ) oC a rich and \2XSo'jU being of dihlf^cKtJh Sarth, in ma- ny places mixt with a Clay/ and in fomc, as the fouth Weft l^artSj it is oi a qioit red c^nd loofe Earth, but every where incomparable apt to pro- duce, and liberally to anfwer the Cnltivstors coit and pains for what is planted ; being always Springing ^ and itsTVf^iand *P/w the many tjlaudi to the on of thc*/«- c. ! north) oCa ^arth^ in ma- fomc, as the ed c^nd loofe It apt to pro- (liivstors coit jcing al\^ys never difro- •neth bcini to e intcrrnSUd in the North tore of Wi!d mcsFeiUro^ the Spitmardf :onverted to p/ ; bringing Hoggs ^ and deftroyed all rding to cial- ). which C^r- cfs the great :hat are now quantities of l»gli^^ fincc hcfe S^vanas made ufe of cc fuch great I condrained Tht The Aki and Tempemnre, I The -r^/> is here more temperate then in any of The Air iht Carihbee fjles^ as feated more Northerly, and & Tcm- of as mild a temperature ( as to H€a$ ) as anyP"*'"*^?^ place between the Toficks^ being always coo Jed with frefli Breezes, thkt conllantly bow eafterly^ aaijdretrefbed with {x&^iytnt Shower i of Rairi, and fjOch Lem that fall m the night ( n;)«ch quickning f'he growth of what is 7*i*^rut of the Earth. The Weather, the Weathet of this Ifle is lefs certain then in the The Win- ireft'Of^the^^n^^f^ Iflands -, the moft obfervablc'^^V'j^"''** f't^-ftafom^t'm mv^TKber Qi Mof ; thcrCI bc-R^inaVrd ^ ? ingThyn4a- W WW I't . » 1^ 4 Days, and Nights al- moft e- »^f'' groves better in this Jjle, then in many of the Carribhee Jflandy. of which here is fufficien- cy planted. ' Ctf^^-^fppfr which is fo commonly ufcd in all tjie Wejl Indies J grows plentifully here, , 'Piemente^ or Jamaica Peppery^ fpice of the form o( £ a fi- India Pepper, very Aiomatical, and of a carious Gottfto , having the mixt taftc of divers Spices y grows here in great plenty, wild in the Mountains . But the Spaniards did fet a high e- Oeein thereon, and exported it as a very choife ^omwodtty, as indeed it is ; and now it is begun ^o be planted by the J^n^UJh, and will become a good Commodity. - BrHgs are here in great Jibundancc, as ^uiacnm^ China^Rootj^Safapharilla Cajfia Fifltiia,Tamerindsj ViniUos^ jichiotf or -^«f^r<7, which is like to prove a good Commodity, Here are al fo divers Gnms, and %iots, wherewith experienced Planters do cure many Hnrts^ V leers j md Diflempers oil\iC Body. Audby the report of an intelligent DoEtor^ which jtiadcit hi3 bufinefs to fearch after fuch things, liere are likewife (}ntrayer»a , CyperM^ jiloes , ^4/fcie P?j?, Ad'pntam. Nigrum CacHmis Ji?refiU\, « J.^ mards re- fi. quafitities, arge Salt'- ground ; their owii ^ear about de as m^ny arts of the in many s fufficien- ufcd in all • of the form and of a c of divers vild in the et a high e- very choifc it is begun I become a IS ^ttiacum^ Tamerindsj i to prove a sG^f^j^and rs do cure ^f the Body. i?cK, which jch things, 04 y jiloes , SHWMch^ Acticia, Mifelto^ with many other I>rtigs^ Balfms and CHms^ whofc name^ are not known, oi remcmbred : but the Planters begin to be more expert in thefe Drugs, and endeavour to cncr^afe Ihem^ and fupply England therewith. ^ofilwwf// is produced by ^VUm that grows in Cocha- this /y^f,'^*^^ ^s yet the EngUjlj want cxperieticc neil. to husband it ; eaflerly w/W;, and many other things being Enemies to its growth, befides the difficulty of making it. Thefe with fome others arc the Commodities that this ///^«^ produceth, which if well impro- ved, would foon become the beft, and Richeft TUntAtion that ever the EngUpi were, ( or arc like to be ) Marters of. I fhall in the next place give you an Atcount of the management of a Coci«oiv^/i^, with a calculati- oViX%(^ofisy &nd Profits as it was lately cftimatcd by a Judicious and great Encburager of the Planters, v;ho communicated the Obfervations thereupon unto me. DireStionsdhoHt a (^'ccaoWalk^ Fir ft, take up 5 or 600. ' -^royifions ^rotv;^ in ^our Plapp4tiott» y^ ^ ,? For an Overfeer to look after the Ser- if ams, (ot\\isW^gisdi,Vidpiet^t ^i$ f ferMpniff. . . /. o Jn all 257 $ And for the employing thefc Servants in yo'ir flantpitipn as followcth .- fuppofmg them to Lan^j and t» be on the Tlamation the firlt of Jfarchj and that they have by the middle ot' that month .( as ihey iriay very eafily ) cleared a convenient place, and built fitting houfeing for the lodging (hem. Then put them to falling, cleaning « and planting z Potato peece of ^,^cresyy;\\k\[ ten hands will vc- ;>fy well do by the middle of ^pril : after this, ^u may clean, and plant with Rne and P^ntin' Treef, untilltbclaft o^Febrnary^ which is ^bovc 'lo Months ; in which time they may witheafc )iave cleanfed and planted 21; Acres ^ beGdes l^eeping them clean which arc Planted, and are (lilia planting; and ii) this time^' which torn- ptcatsthcT^^r, yojumaybe full of PoMt^w and Corn, ^vi^mxVx^i.tJ^onths of the iiw Tew» ^hhPlarttins y ar\d2ii\ocko(Ho^Sj znd Fowls '^ fo thfi : you will be at no more charge for provifions for your Servants, And then to keep this clean, idlfd to'Plant.the Cogao^Walk^^ and for five more ^egro Men ^ ^nd %. NegroWcmen tohuy about the firft of Marpif Allowing , at zo U ptr Ne^roe, comes to^oO^. ; ^ 7 And in ih^tMonth ycu will have planted Cocao^ frees oyt of the 'NffU^' ot Sf^,h' twi«t a) I the ^M'^i^s(^'^tj[imi''.-Tren^' th^t'm^t fo% ;,>^ ■**•*< 24 o all 257 5 am in yo'ir \cm to Lan^f f 4'f^rchj and : month .( as enient place, edging them, and planting lawls will ve- : after this, and Pontiff' hicli is ^bove lay witheafe (res, beGdes ted, and are which totn- Potatoes ami : new r^^nr, , znd Fowls *y or provtfions p this clean« or five more )buy about fir Negroe^ anted Cocao-- muLK a) \ the f fl^i high, ; i ■■■ Aj Jdmaica^ p (0 that by tlie firft of juiff , the whole 21 \Aere$ that were Planted the laft Ti^r , will be full of Co- cao'Trees f and by that time you will have ( be- iidcs much other work done ) 21 Acres of ^cjm- Trees ^ in the ground; which in left then 4. years, from thti-l anting, will begin to bear Cods^ and in a year after* produce compleat Cropps. And according to experience, an here doth produce every year about 1000. pound Weight i which at y which makes up iuft 500. 1. Note, that all this that is Planted , is done in 15. months J zn^ tht Cocao bears not conlpleatly v«ci^i ; but of wild Fovfl infi- ricty of fiteltore, ^s Ducks ^ 7eale, Wtgen^ Geefe^ '^'**''wid{^ lys^ pigeons ^ Cuine-Hens^ V lovers, Flerningo's^ ^^ ' \mpesj Parats, P^r^ctow , with very a^iiy 0- icrs, whofe names are not known. The Frhits, There are great plenty of choifc and cxcelknt Excellent 'ruits\ni\\'\s Jjl^nd^ as Oranges^ Potne-gratiAtes^^^^^'^' locar'Nuts, Limes, (juavarss ^Atimmesy AIh^ ne'SHpta* , Sfip^otilltas , AvQcatas , ^afimes , ^rickle-iyfples, Prickle^ Pears, Grapes, Sovper-Sops^ 7Hflard'j^plesy J)iljdwes, and many others whofe ^ames are not known , or too tedious to name, "izfidcs Plaat0pns ' Pinps » &c. <^ Their V 7 J H iM I i* Jamaica. Their Herbs J and Roots. Here likewife grows very well , all oianner Summet'Garden Herbs and Roots cominon to us ig t&rbs and EngUnd, as Radifi, Lettis^ PurfeUy^ C>r«w^m,| Ijoiots. tMehrtSy Parfley^ Pot herbs ^ alfo Beans ^ P^^/c,^ CabbagesyCclly. Flowers, &C. T^tfir Dif safes, ^smaictt It hath been experimentally found, that ^hertj W is no fuch Antipalhy betwixt the conftitutions o: l^imrul. ji^g ErtgUflj , and this clime, for the occufionin; Sicknefs to be Mortal or Contagious, more thai in other parts ^ for if a good Dyet , and modcrati Exerctfesareufed, without excels of Z>ri«i^u'^, they may enjoy a competent meafurc of Health. The Jbifeafes that Strangers are moft incidei to, are Dropfies ( occafioned often by iWdief^ drm kenftefs$ zn(\ float bf nine fs ^Calentures too frequents ly the product of 5«r^f/, ^X^oFeavers, and^^w which although very troublefome , yet are fei dome Mortal. And the reafon of the great Mortality of tli Army^ at their firft arrival, was their want of/? w^io^j, together with an unwillingnefs to labo, or excrcjfc, joyncd with difcontent. HurtfuU Things, There are upon this /yZ^iK^, very few obnox GM%*Beafls, Infects » ox Plants, Here is the Manchonele, which is a kind of Crab , focommon%alltheCme parts of the //2f, but are fjsldome found in yyp^ \ is a kind oi ^q EngUJhTlamations^ IbbeeJjles, , but no poyfoii' I'M }U )und, that ihciu conilitutions o] the occufioninii lous, more thaij , and modcrat:^ :(s of Dnnl^fm urc of Health. re moft incide^l by ill^j>/, dn: ires too frcquen:! vers, znd^giii: , yci arc fti s/Iortality of tli| heir want off ignefs to laboi It. M mir, '?>> IpiMl'it'YuV'Nllffil flJM^" .m^iis;^ *4 Port' ^oyal. "sj m Jamaica. their Harbours^ Ro^St and Mayi. as bci dear, from t Town Ton This TJland abounds with good ^ajs^ Road:^ zndHafhoHn: the Principal among which arc. 'Tort'Royal, formerly called Cagway^ fituate on the extream end of that long point of 1-*^^^^^^^ which Aiakes the Harbour^ which is exceeding commodious for Shipping , and fecured by one of theftrongcftandnioflrconfidcrableC^yf/w that hir Mkjgflyhith'm 2\\Amefica^ rn which arc mount ed about 60 peeces of Ordinance , and is well guarded with SouUi&s, It is land-lock't by a poini^ of X^^that runs 12 miles Sokth-Eafi from thd mamof the IJland, having the great Ri'ver that ^unshf Los ay^ffgeloSy QXidSt'Jago falling into it, where Ships do commonly water ^ and convenient- lYi»ht>d, The JFfarboa^r \s 2: or 3. Leagues croft in| mbft places, and hath every where good Anck^ rage^ which is fo deep, that a Ship of a loco Tfmn itiay lay her fides to the fhore of the Poim^ and load , and unload withp/ ecates . JHellila feated in the North Eaft, where Ce^ y.^uih, \lHmbH4 mended hisj^/pi at his return from P^eraguay [-where he was near Ship^wrackt. Orifia regards the Somh-fea, in which arc many orlfiA, ^ccks, and amongft tlcir Banks, fomc IJles^ as \^ervavillaj QHitofven^t^ and Stfrr^w^, where ^«- li^ftin FfdvQ UtrartA loft his Fcjfd^ and fave*-! onlv C binifcir, 1 f it "hi .. 14 Pre- ciiitls or 18 Jamaica, himfelf, andhcreinafolitary and lone Condition paiTcd away 3 Years •, at the end of which time he had the company of a Marriner for 4 Tears more, that was likv; wife there 'Sln^-v^rnckty and alfo alone favcdhimfclf. Andalthough there ore for the prcfcntnomorc Towns, yetthe/yZ^w^ is divided into 14 rrecinEtt^ V^r\{hQsln Divi/jont^ or FarijhiSy which are fet forth in the thelile. ^4ap ; many of which laid I-recinils are well In- hnbited K'^ the EngUjlj^ where they have very good Tlantuiio/.s, efpeciaily all the fouthcrn part from I'oint'Morant in the Eaft, almoii: to Point- Negrillo in the Well, fo far as the ridge or chain of ^JHonn' tains that runneth in the midit of the Jfle ; nor are its Northern Parts, ( efpecially near unto the Sea ) without Inhabitants and FlantationSj though not fo thick as South-wardly about St, fago^ but ot late have much encreafed. And for the better fa- Sceinihe tisfying the ^fW^r , the Parts throughout the M-iv Ijl^md w\u.re the EngUjl) have made their fet tie - ments^ are Marked and diuinguilhed in the ^JUa^ by Cyfyhcrs. i Icannot certainly amrm the number of the En- ^/*//.' in this IJle^ but according to a furvey taken' and returned into England (ome Tears fincc, each Irecin^t^ or Panjh contained as foUoweth. M^ )ne Condition 'hich time he 4 Tears more, and a I fo alone rcfentnomorc 14 FrecinSir^ fet forth in the ■Is are well /«- avc very good hern part from Point 'Negrillo I JJle ; nor arc r unto the Sea ) >//, though not t.y<«^o, but of )r the better fa- hroughout the ide their y>^//^- ed in the kJH^^ ber of the En- a furvey taken ears fincc, each loweth. jigeneral j^ceonntofthe Trecinlh^ or PArlfl^esl Families, ^n^ Inh^hitunts in Jamaica, taken ^w Sir Thomas Modiford, 'vghen GovernoHr. 'P Parishes. Tort' Roy d St. Katherines St. Johns ' St. Andrews St. Davids St. Thomas Clarendon Famih'es, Inhabitants,' 500 658 083 194 080 059 143 1714 MOO 6270 1552 960 590 1430 15298 The Names of the Pre- cinds or Pari/hes ir\ the XHc. Note, that the Four Parifhes on the North-fide of the JjUj to wit, St. Gecr^e's, St. Maries , St. Jlnnes, and St. James^ as alfo the Leeward mofl Parifh called St. Elix^aheth, together with thefc two not named, both adjoyning on St. Eliz^cheths 5 the one Ea/lwards, and the other Northwards , was not as then fo particularly furveyed> by rca- fon of their diitancc, and dcw fettlementsj never* thelefsthey were found according to Calculation, to amoun!: to about 2000 Inhabitants, But all x\\^{q farts, as alfo thofe feven iforenamed are now exceedingly encreafcd, being fuppofed to be encreafed to double, if not treble the number. And the great encouragement of gaining Riches, withapleafantlife, doth invite every year abun- dance of Feofle to Inhabiie here, quitting their concerns at "Barbadoes, and other our American Plantations ^ fo that in a fnort time without doubc it will become the mofi: potent and richel]: Flmta* tion in the tVefi- Indies* C a And ■'\ it, ''i ' ■■'I'l t f •1 20 Jdntdica^ And bcfi'^cs the aforefaid number of Jnhahitanii in the ftid 14 FrecinEis or Parifhes^ there are rec- koned to belong to the Jjland^ of Privateers ^ Hurt- » terS) Sloop and Bontmen ( which pi y about the //t) atthelcait 3000 lufty and (lout Fighting ^^en^ whofe courage hath been fuiiiciciitly evidenced in their late exploit, and attempt made againft the Spaniards at Par^dma, Their L^iws Their Their Laws arc alTimulatcd ( as near as may be ) Laws. tothoreor£«'^/^«<^, having their fcveral Courts, (J^fagiftrates, anr* Officers for the executing of Jultice on criminal Offenders, and the hearing and determination of Caufes or Controverfies be- twixt party and party. Having thus made a fliort defcript'on of the JfUwd^ as to its ScitHati>n, Fertility, Commodities^ Harbours^ Towns^ d.nd Preci?7[ls^ with an efrimate of tht* number of its Inhabitants : In the next place, I fliall give you the iiate of the Ifle^ when the Sp4?'nards vjcxc pcflclTos thereof ^ and wind up my difcourfc with fome fcafonable confiderations relating to the £;?^/i//:» Affairs in America, with reafonsto ju'tifiethe firrt defign in taking it, and why his Mayfly (hould keep and fupport it. And ofthefe in order, Thefiate of the Spaniards in this Jfland, The Spa- The Spaniards firfl: fetlcd on the North-wefi part niardsFirftof the /^j, under thc ConduQ of ColumbHs, and fctileaicnt. built the Town of e^f////^, butdiHiking the Sci- tuaiion, removed to Oriflana ; and finding that al- fo^obeill fcated, and unhcalthful, again remo- ved, andf€tledajSt,/^^f the iSrandees got into (^uhat who by the V'iveRoy )\ Ale xicQS Older J were commanded back, with !C 3 * m f ; I ? '.-1 fi. l! 0,2 7 ■f amaica. apromlfcofafpeedy and confidcrable fupply of men ; upon which they returned, fomwhat en- couraged, anddirperfed them fe Ives by Families^ that they might the better get froviftons^ and avoid the being difcovered by i\ic Englijh ^ but this ne- celTitousand unufualcourfc of life, killed many of them, and difcouragcd the reft; for that in all this time there came to their fuccour, but 500 Svuldiers^ and thofc rcfufcd to joyn with them, as being fo few and fickly ; fo that they marched backtotheiVcr^/7ofthe///>i^^, and at a place cal- led St.Chereras ^ did fortify thcmfelves, every dayexpedilnga new body of Men to joyn with them .-But the Sngli^i difcovering their (juarters^ marched againft them. Some few months after, about 30 fmall Com fairies of the i^^afjiflj ifjes arrives, and immediately very ftrongfy Fortify ^ioNova^ h^mngOnlirtance^ and and great ftorc of j4mmHnitfon,^ct were they fpeedily and fucces- fully defeated by the Valour of the En^lijh under thecondud of Leiutenant General Ed, Doyiey, And this grand di faster, with many petty ill fuc- ceflescaufedthc Spaniards to dQrpiir of regaining the Ifland, and to (hip off moft of their Plat^ and Women ; and the Negroes %n^mg the g^reateft part oftheirMaftcrsto bedead, kijiedthe Governour^ and declined all obedience to the Spaniards, ap- pointing a "Black for their Govcrnour, And fuch was the neceflity of the 5/?rf«/r«r^j, that inftead of giving them fitting corre(fiion, they were con- ftrained to Court them for their aGTiftance ; but all their policy would not prevail upon them, for ibon after did they fubmit to tl Engltjh Govtrn'^ iw£»f,ahdtiiadedifcoveries of the Spaniards 2it\d 'Negroa that would not come in with them, and did further aflTin: the englijh in the taking of them, {n which fbcy havs becu exceeding fuccesful, • ^•^•■■>'- ^ ■•' ^- - - • In Hi h> n i; le fuppfy of )mwhat cn- )y Families^ and avoid but this nc- 'kiiied many )r that in all ur, but 500 nth them, as [hey marched taplacccal- Ivcs, every 'to joyn with leir ^nartersj nonths after, hg^ Fortify 1^ great ftorc y and fucces- ^f^lUJh under 3Ctty ill fuc- of regaining cir /'/^r/p and g^reateft part : (jDvernour^ ^^nUrdsf ap- • And fuch t inftead of were con- ce ; but all 1 them, for \ltjh Geverrt' aniards and I them, and g of them, ^ "' ' In Jamaica. 23" In the year following, the Spamardj quite dc^ ' fertcd the JJlafid^ except it were about 30 or 40 of theiry^^vrj, who betook themfclvcs to the Monn- tains, but being afraid of a Difcovery, and to be purfucd to Death for fome Munhers they had committed, built them f. Ives ^£?//i?^, and in them fied to (uhdy and never fmcc hath any confidcrable attempt been made upon them. '^'"J The ErigU^j being thus become Maflers of the Jjland^ formed theinfelves into a Body, or Colo- ny : Then did they begin to fettle themfclvcs in Plantations i whilil others betook themfelves to the Sea as Frivtteersy the better to fecure them- fclvcs againit t'^c Spaniards^ alid force them to a '^ peace by their frequent annoying them, in feizing fuch their (hips which they could meet with, which proved very fuccesful unto them. Apd this caufed the IJle to be much talked of, and had in c- fteembythe Englijl, who feat them fiippHqs of Men, Provifions, and necefTaries. And thus by lit- tle and little it became to be fo potent as now it is. So/};e Confiderationsthiit may indhce his Afawflyto l^eepj preferve, andfupportthi^JJland,:^ . . - -, 1. J.imaica\%\diXgQy and capacious, whofcex iCj^,^|^^j' tent I have already noted j fo that it is capable of '* receiving very great numbers , of T^c^/f. 2. It is featcd in the heart of the Spaniards Ame- , ^ - , ricfin Terrttones j fo that the S^dMfJh jbtps coniing into the Wefl-Indies^ and Tailing from Port toPoh^ either make this l/le^ or may be immediately met by the Ships which ply on i\\c(/>afi, which ren- ders it to be of great importance to us, as well ss to the Spaniards : for all the Pl^te Fleet which comes from CArthagena^ ftecr dircdly from St. poniinfd in Hifptini^la^ and from thence mud pafs C 4 6y « I N I , i« 1:.^ 34 |. Con/id. Jamaica . by one of the Ends of this !p to recover HaVitrdi which is the common Rcndczouze of the jirmado^ before it returns home through the Cnlfh of Florid 4a, Nor is there any other way whereby to mif^ this IJle^ becaufe they cannot in a rcafonable time ^urn It up to the windward of HifpanioUy which, though with great difficulty, it might be done, yet by this means they would lofe the fecurity of the faid united F/ff/, which meet at Hnvana^ from all parrs of the Bay of Mexico^ Nowhre de dios^ and clfewherc, and fo accompany each other homje* 3. Awrf^V^ is found to precede all the Engli^ PUntations'in aAmericay in the very Commodities that are proper to their fcVeral Coknies^ and pro- duccth alfo of its own, Q}cao, Hides^Tortoije jhells. Wood (ox Dyers y Gums^ 'Drn^gSy and other Com- modities already treated of \ and for Fruits^ Fowl and Fijhy infinite ftore, many of which arc un- known unto them. Likewife, fuch abundance of Horfes, and Cow/, that none other of the £/j'///J?^ /'teM/iow; can equalize them. And as t\iis JJl^nd is found thus advantageous in thefiirnifhinguswith fuch good (Commodities , fo Imported , is it no Icfs profitable in the taking off our Mam- ind its ' fa^fires^ ztid Commodities, as Well of the product of this Kingdom , as thofe from Forreign parts, Thit is to fay, all forts of Stuffs , F^hrickj of Silkji' Linnen both pne and courfe, Hatts^ G loves , Thready Tape ^ PinHs^ Needles, Stockings, Shoo), all forts of ufpparel ^ Wine^ Brandy^ Strong-Beer, Ml fortspf'L'/tf«//;of /ro/i, and other iJJiettals for Carpenters, Joyneri, Smiths , Cooper'f ,' Mill- Vprights^ and other the like Trade/men, that are found ureful for the Planters fervice. Alfo , Irorj^ JBr^fs^ Copper^ Steel, Lead and Tinn un wrought ; ^11 fort$ oi^Tif^es and (^mmmition : Alfo, Ser- Commo- id' -ies. tlndp. » *« If' yat^ts, and y^ommoditie (or the 'Bm here obfcn (efpeciaU ; the fooner 4. It api Iment, for ning, but an Army ( 1 have had f \l(ind^ as I t^fen i ye ;Couragem< \jHJlicezx\d J tempts oft Ived under tru(^ionSj jthort time Iboth to the Iplanted, i tjdyed thonfi |( which is |bout 1000 1 150 or 20c I 5. This lis capable |people,thj iTheir PU. I Wafted 5 s hx\^'Beggi I the Kin )y their h illy ;hei fuch loofiE 6. Thii Icofit ! ' of Flori" / to mi ft able time , which, lone, yet itv of the w^, from • de dios^ ich other nmodtttes and pro- HJe jhellfy icr Com- tSy Fowl arc un- idanrcof £rt£lijh igeous in iities, fo r JManH' product 7ti parts. Wicks of , Gloves^ r, Shoo), tg'Beer, J^ettals ■ MilL that are ), Iron^ roughf ; 7' ^ awaica, and NegrO'SUves af vants, ana JsegrO':iL4ves : And in a word, all (Commodities that arc ncceflary, and ufcfui cither (or the 'BmI^ or ^f//;f, arc here Vendible. And is here obfcrved, that the better the Commodities arc ( efpeciaUy Apparel and Ornaments for the Back ) the fooner and better are they Vended. 4. It appears to be a place of no fmall concern- 4. ConTid; mcnt, for it hath not only fubfifted at the begin- ning, but bettered its condition, being fetled by an Army ( the word kind of people to plant ) that have had fuch grand difcouragcments from Eng^ Innd^ as want of ^^^, provijtons, and recruits of tJ^ten J yet amongll: themfel ves talked of all en- couragements to Plant , the eftabiifhment of jHflice and government, befides the frequent at- tempts of the Spanijh Forces ; and if it thus thri- ved under thefe. and fuch like confidcrable ob- ;rudtions, it is more then probable, it will in a tnort time become a great and profitable Colony jbothto the Kin^ and Kingdom*^ for when well planted, it may bring into his Majelty fome te- \ed thonfand pounds pfr p^nnum, Harbadoes ( which is fo little compared to this ) yeilding a- boutioooo/. per Annum f and employing about 150 or 200 Sail of 5^//>i yearly. 5. This //^«^ being fo large and fo fertile, it^. Ctnad; ^!s capable of the receiving thofe great numbers of people.that are forced to defert the Caribbee Jjles : Their Plant at ions hting worn out, and their woods f\vafted; as likewifc thofe multitudes of F^^r4z/f/ land Sff-j^^rj that arc fo great a charge and (hame Ito the Kingdom, if Tranfported thither, (would Iby their labours ) live both honcftly, and plenti- ffully ; here being obferved to be no beggars, nor '{nc\\\oo(e P^'agabond people. 6. This T/Z^w^being well fetled, willbe capa-^; (^^p^^ ble of it felf to carry on a JV^r againft the Spa- *" " ' ■I m ^ m !• Nl N. Jamaiea. niMrds in the Wefi-Indiej ( as occafion rcquircth ) bccaufcofthc conveniencicsof its Ports^ and its ftrcngth of Inhabitants and Shippings having al- ready about 20 or 30 Sayloi Pnvateers j and will in a (hort time be fo numerous and potent, that! they will become fo obnoxious to the SpanUrdst ;_ ') : that probably they will rather admit of a Trade ' into his Farts ( which would prove a grand ad- vantage both to them, and this Kingdom ) than^ fufFcr fo disadvantageous a War. And having' thus forced a Trade, would gain the acquain- tance of the Natives^ and learn their CftfiomeSi. and method o^Trade, being much inclined to love the Englijh rather than the Spaniards. 71 Confid. -J. jfamaica fecms to be approved above any oit\\Qoi\\tt Plantations^ in regard fo many from siWihc En^liJhCoUonyes have Tranfported them- felvcs and their Eftates to it, who like it fo welU that they have nocaufe or defire to remove. i?. Condd. 8. There is now a confiderable progrefs made inthefetlingofthis///f, there being upon it many plantations oi Cocao, Sugar ^ Indico^ Cotton, ixn<\ Frovifions ^ and Inhabited with many thoufand of people. The Planters ( for the generality ) now| living in great delight, and enjoy all things necef-j f^x^jiox Food dindi Ray mentis a liberal meafure ;y and were it wclUnhabted, it would very muchl confumetbc EngUflj ManhfaSlures^ and encou- rage Navigation and Marchandizje. 9. It cannot be imputed a difadvanti^ge, thai Jamaica lyeth fo far off, for thereby are more Ships employed • and by confcquence, more. Sa)\ lorsj Shipwrights^ Rf^emakers ^ and many othert Tradesmen maintained , whofc dependance isl thereon. Furthermore, iifitlay not fo far, we could not cxpecll flich Commodities as it prol duceth, being appropriate to the C/j'wf j neitheiT $. Coufid. is it a fm within h Itancc ) t Snhje^s 10. Ai one more that is, guds of I Paffinge\ and fo dj thcoutw drained 1 Vfiard *Poi chants hi by Hurr fodifabh (as all p of the S^ always b fofar Li Vefels th fincc favf and Gooi ven by All whil fiftance »;W..- cquircth ) Uy and its aving al- , and will otcnt, that Spamttrds, of a Trade grand ad- |dom) than nd having' c acquain- r CftfiomeJy \ ined to love < above anyn many froml ; ortcd them- 1 :it fo well,f| novc. :.grcfs made iponitmanyj , Cotton, and thoufand of rality) novV;.| things nccef-^ il meafurc ;| I very mucM and encoU' Jamaica. Q^ isitafmalladvantagc to have fuch Commodities within his Majefttts Dominions ( though at a di- ftance ) that are both valued and needed by his Suhje^s and Neighbours^ erpccially the ^ur^w. JO. And lailly, to conclude. The £;^^/i[/fe have lo. Coaff- one more confiderable advantage by this Ijle^ and deration. that is, the Coaft of Virpnia^ being fubjcdt to gxx^ksoiWinde, the 5%i loaden with ^oods and Tajfengersy have been often foroed forth to 5ff, and fo difablcd, thatihey could not ply toanyof the outward Carthhee Iflands^ but have been con- ftraincd to bear up, and pm into the Spanijh Lec' mrd 'Ports 'y and likcwife, fome of our ^Jkfer^ chants have been forced out of the Caribbee Ijles by Hurricane's ( which are there common ) and fodifabled, that ^hey could not keep Sea, but ( as all Veg'ells tliui diftteffed ) have put into fomc of the Spunijli Leeward Torts, where they have always been made Prices, Now, Jamaica being fofar Leeward^ is a convenient /f4ri»a«r fur ^n Fefels thus diitrcfled ; afkl did fome few ye^s finoe fave Three f^i^ginia Skips full of TafftttgUrs and Goods, and formerly others; as alfo fomc dri- ven by Hurricanes from the Windward JJlands : All which , without the conj/eniency, and af- filhnceofthis///^, had periihcd. 'Pi n:.v.' antiigc, thai] )y are more :, more 5^)| many otheil pendancc isl t fo far, we es as it proj me 5 neitheJ IP" tmmMm m i% n ,'i ■' li) DESCRIPTION OF The ISLAND of S E S, B AR'Bji^POES the mod confidcrable Co« lony the Snglifh hath amongfl: tha( Fryc of Ifles called the CAvibbte Ifles^ oJF the Amillfs, hs Scitnation. POXL *•»-■ — Its Scitua- '^ *^ fcatcd in the North Latitude of 1 3 degrees, and 20 w^'/j. and although but of a fmall oVcM/V, ( being accounted not above 8 Leagues in length, and 5 in breadth where broadeil, being of an Oval W9rm)^ti\x, i$ a potent Colony, being able as occafion rcquireth, toarmioooo Fighting men, which, with the ftrensth that nature hath beftow- jcdonit^ it is able to bid defiance to the {IcuteH: iFoe, having been feveral times ( but in vain ) ^ffaulted by the Sf aniards. ■^**^ ■*• — ON of crabic Co- ongft ihaf ec Ifles^ of f 3 degrees, all circm^ in length, of an Oval ig able as ting men, h Dcftow- ic ftcuteft in vain ) \ M-Readsha jJTaJe'ihnni^ \ .J:,r,pkti- \^^ -v*-*. t6 y fh Zo^*'^^^ ^"^SmOkJiap ,^ \\ y f_-::=l % Ltl) -»-♦•♦ ■*t- ■*■ t-» V Vf -• rti^.t|..J(lft'?I^Wlftvi ...f, .■:>-mA« ' 1l Pi! ?, i i-Mi ..f this/j \ Rivers J < may appi jnotwithft jthcrcof, Ifnod part {befides, r fare alway /i^erc \i llhcTuigh gathered j Lamps, u ■^■- This //2( the year Ic sin their Su, in their V< Mabitam he year fc )ut the I l^oundy th :hargeabl( :arualtiesJ 'Oppers anj ^till'hoitfA The Cc sugars, (I rcr grain I 'Barhad$es2 Its Rivers. this/y^tfisnot ovcr-plcntifully watered with Riven? I^ivfr/, ox Frejh firings J there being but one that Imay appropriate to it felf that iV4F»r, or rather a VLdhft which runneth not far into the Land ; yet inotwithftanding, the Inhabitants are not deflitute Ithereof, for the Goumrey lying low, and for the [jnoft part even, there are feveral ^ools or Ponds ; Ibcfidcs, moft Honfts have Wells or Qifierns which [are always fupplyed with Raiii-water. I //ere is alfo a River ^ which the Inhabitants call [the T««^^-Rivcr, fromthetopofwhofc wateir is Igathered an Oyl, which ferveth them to burn in ' Its Fertility, This //2tf is exceeding Fertile bearing Crops allj^g^gj^i^ khe year longhand its Trees being al ways cloathed iity. in their Summer Livery, and the Fields and Woods in their Verdure, renders it very ^ :1ightful to the Jnhabitants, But the two principal feafonc of ;he year for Planting, is in May, and November, }ut the Sugar-Canes are planted all the year round, the making of which, is not only very :hargeable, but alfo as dangerous, andfubjedlto :afualties, either in the Boyling-honfe, with the "^o^fers and Fnrnaces j in the Filling-room^ in the )till' hoftfe, orinthe Cureing'hottfe^ Its Commodities, The Commodities that? this I/le produceth, are (;^o,„^o: ttgarsy ( which though not fo white as thofc ofditics. "* haz.iley yet better when refined, being of a fai- rer grain) Indicoj Cottertj Woolj Ginger^ Log* '?? "*>»*,■ ■\^A '-A f^ Barhado^f^ w '■ ■V woo J J Fhfiickt and LignHm-vitd, And tbcfc Commodities J efpcciaHy Sngtir, Indico^ Crrr^j/ll which R and Cjin^er, here are in fuch great abundance thatKas the Si '* ' about 200 fail of Ships an d Vejfels^ bo^.i great andll ble. An fmall« have yearly their loading ; which aftci[| -£<*/« ^' Imported in the feveral ports of England and Ire\\ Turnadt iandj is again in great quantities exported to For. I the Send reign parrs, to cur great enrichment 5 and the rif. iher, for that they are not permitted to Trade with dny other Nation but the ErrgHJ}}^ and fuch of bis Majefties 5«^jf^j in New-EngUnd^ Virginia, and Bermndoes : And in Exchange of thofc Commodu /^f they take fuch as arc neceflary for the ufe ofj man, as well for the i?^ci^and Tiedy^ as for their Honfes, und'PUvtatians •, with many of which, they are ^upplyed from New- England, Virginia^ and the Bermudoes ^ together Vii'\i\\ fervams and fiaves» as I have noted at the latter end of the de fcription of Jamaica, aforcfaid ; together] • with feveral forts of Commodities and Provifiom, which Jamaica hath no occafion of, as Horfes, Ca- mels, jijfme^rces , Cattle ^ alfo faked Fle^ and FijffJ, of feveral forts ; Butter and Cheefe -, but by reafonofthe great heat of the weather, it wi foon dink, and become unfit to eat ; fo that infleadj ofBMter, they make great ufe of Oyl for their Sauces. 1 bays and "^^^ *i>^ys and Nights are almofl: thorowout tfie] Mights are ^^'^''j of an equal length, the Sun Rifmg and Set- almoite* ting at 6 except about O^o^fr, and then there gual. fQmc fmall difference. And it is iJ much fv« with us, ther are cefs of which tt to, to tl" would b inward through ing accui not fo manner. The ^ fethall; Keys, & :hey wi[ thisgrej and Trel TheJemferatfireof uiir, Tempc- This Ifle is very Hot, cfpccially for 8 MonthA raturcof yet not fo, but that Travel, and Labour is fufFeJ -^''- table j but were it Hot for the cool breezes of Win\ . whid Hen as Dati and th( Lemof^i flyers,. Chernl Bears,\ water] Indie; k ill And thcfc ^icoj Ccttevj mdance that kw.i great and which after i«^and Ire. rted to For. and the rl Trade with fuch of bis irginitt, and fc ComwoM- r the ufe of , as for their ny of which, | idi yprgUiia fervams and id of the de- • together id Provifions iis Horfes^ Ca ted F/e/fe and heefe-^ but by athcr, it wi ' fo that inftead Oyl for theii thorowout thJ Lifmgand Ser| then there 7 Barhadoes* ^%: l^'l whichRifeth with the Snn^ and blowcth frefhcr as the Sun mountcth up, it would be unfufferi- ble. And the fc-S^-f^x^/ always bio wfromi\r-n^- .. £aft, zndbyEafl, unlcfs it be in the time of the '"' ' '"'^ ^ THrnadoj and then for a few hours it chops into the ScHth^ but returns to the fame point again. And it is obferved, that although the people do fo much fweat, yet they have not that faintnefs as with us, in the months of J nly and j^ngufi 5 nei- ther are they To thirfty, without occafioned by ex- cefs of Labour or Drinking of ftrong Liquors^ which the People iare here too much addi^ed un- to, to their great hurt, which if moderately taken, would be as great a prefcrvative to comfort thcic inward partSj which are left cold , and faint, through their fweating. Befides, our bodies be- ing accullomed to colder Climates^ our fpirits arc not fo vigorous without them in a moderate manner. The Air^ though hot is very moifl:, which cau- feth all all Iron'tools, as Knives, Srvords, Lockj-, Keys,^c, toruft, fo that without conftantufage, :hey will foon become eaten up with ruft. And this great heat and moiftHre, doth caufe the Plants and Trees to grow fo large, and high. 'or S Months bour is fufTe Y^^fjOf Wiiii Their Frmts. Here are abundance of Fruits of fever al forts, as Dates i Oranges of two forts, the one fweet, and the other (harp, Vomgranates^ Citrons, Limes ^ Lemof^s^'Macows^ Grapes, J nneper- jiffies, Ta^ payers, t^omins, z^onhains, jicajons, Jcacos, C hemes, Ray fins , Indian Figgs, Cocos, Plant ins, Tonanoes t ^uavars , Prickle' tA {pies, ^rickle^ Pears, Cnflani^jlpples, ^JHillons, both land and water, and Pine-jApples, the rareft Fruit in the Jndies% Their I Their Fruits^ ' u J J* Bitrbadoesi . Their Pijh. ^hcitSfli. Here are great (lore of/^f/^ in the 5^4^ as Sitap fers. Crabs , Lobfters , Terbums , Macquerels^ Mttllots^ Cavallos^ Tarrat^Fifi^ Cony Ft jh^ and Green Turtles^ which of all others are the mofi: de- liciousj v^ith feveral other forts appropriated to this and the reft of the Cmhbee IJles, But the Rivulets J orPW/, have few or no /='//fe in them. Their Beafts, Their Here arc no Beafts or Cattle but what are Tame, fiaib. and brought them ^ as Camels, H6rfes, Aflinei groes, Oxen, Balls, Cows , Sheep, and Goats, andHoggSj which are here in great plenty in e- very plantations it being their common food, whofe Flefh is efteemed very good and delicious ^ but as for *Beefy and Mutton, it is very dear^ a$ having but a fmall (lock* but might be foon en^ creafed> would they fpare ground enough for Fafturage for them from their other occafions. Their Hearbs and Roots. Ilcrbs and Here groweth divers forts of SngU^ hearbsi Roots, and roots, as Rofemary , Lavender , Lavender^ Gotten J f^arjeronif Winter^Savoryj TimOy Far- fly, Tanfey^ Sage, Purcelane, &c. and for Rms^ CabageSi Colmrths, CoUy flowers, TurnifSj Pot^-^ toes J Onyonsy Garlick, Radifies^ Lettice^ T4^ ragon^ iJHarigolds^ &C, Their Birds and Fovfles. Birds and Hctc arc feveral forts of f9VpUs^ a$ Turksy \fiens , A \hc, and Wlhrnjljes, li Here a Snakes a y Rats, but z.(irds^ wl qucnringi men ^ M which arc ing^alfo, •i which are Fly which ! Night, as ;the Indt»v ihem toth nnileadof Here a ufes^ as Jronwood- for build i Tamarine thcPoyfoi ^Tbyjica Alfo, he the 5^^// things in^ rafs'ln the Rouci FUx,^ w lifes^the a» as Sna^- ty Fijhj and the moft dc- ropriatcd to J. But the Jfe in them. at arc Tame, rfes, Aflinei and Goats, ))enty in e- mmon food, ddeiicious^ ry dearj a^ be foon en* enough far ccafions. i£lilh he^rbsi , Lavender-' , Time^ Far- [)dfor R0oUy irnifs^ Tottim Lenicej T<|» a$ Turkey Barbadoei. g 3 ^Jiens-t AUfcovy-dhcks, Pigeons^ Turtle Doves '^ ]hc, and for fmall Birds ^ great variety } as \lhrifjJjes, Blavk^hirdsj Sparrows y &c. Their Infects and Animalif, Here are feveral Animals ^ and Infetts, asAn'mals;. Snakes a yard and a half long, Scorfions as big as and Infei^s Rats, but no ways hurtful to man or beaft ; Liz.^ z^ards^ which arc exceeding harmlefs, much frc- qucnringthehoufcs, and loving the company of men j Mrnkstoes^ Cockrochesj and Merrivpings « which are very troublefome in the night in Ring- ing \ alfo, here arc Land crahs in great abundance, which are found good to ear. And here is a fmall Fly which they call C^j'(7/^. no wait ground to be round ) that it is thorowout f ^"BW ^ btfetwithZ/f'/ii/f/, at no great diilance from one another. Its chief Towns. I. St. yWicW/ formerly called the 3 W^-7'ow«,_, - or Indtan Bridge fcituate at the bottom of CarlifleM^^^^^^^ Bay in the Leewdrd, or Southern part of the /A,i^' ^^f" which Bay is very c pacious, deep and fecure for Wf^* J^ 5i?^pV3cing large enough to entertain $00 rejf^ls atW^^^ onetime. The Toww is long, containing fcveral*^^^ ^'^'^^ fireets^ and graced with abundance of well-built houfes. It is very popuJous, being the Refidencc of the Cic'i/frwr, or hisX^ifiiy, the place of Jh- dimnrf, wn and is Towf arkets^ r the Fre Barbadoes. 35 ice from one licature^ and the Scale o{ Trade j where mod of the Merchants and fathrs in the IJle have their 7^rf-ii^o//for the negotiation of their j^Jfairs ; X[^{xov[\l\\dcStort'HoHfes or Shop, the Inhabit ^rt«rj are fupplycd with fqch Commodities as they lave occafion of, in exchange of theirs, which arc "leprodudof the//?f. The Town is ill feated, e ground being lower than the banjjs of the Sea^ y which means the Sprin£«-77V/f/ doth flow over, ind there remaining, doth make a kind of a moo^ illi bogg, which dotji occafion it to be more un- leahhful than the other partu of the IJle, This .'own for its defence, and fccurity of the Shifs^ ath two ftiong Forrs oppo'ite to each other, with rUtform in the midil, which alfo commands the oad, all which arc well Fortifyed with greac uns, &c. The principal of thcfe Forts is called hrles Fort^ being feated on JVedbamj; Point, 2. Little Br ijiol, fotmcxly S ^rights 'Bay , fcitu- iit! ic about hut Leagues Leeward from St. tJPli-jhu haels, hath a commodious Road for Ships, is a lace well frequented and traded unto, and is rongly Defended by two powerful Forts, 3. Sx, James ^ formerly called the//^//, feated tfar from Briftol^ hath the accommodatien of tx >od Road for Ships ^ and is a place of a confidera-^ IcTrade^ for its defence, befidcs a large Plat- rwy hath fortified Breafi-works ; and in ;his Tovpff kept for the Preciniy y CUrksBay^ ^ Conjti^ncc'b'iy, The I/jh.thitantSi TItlnhi- TheM^^/Mwrjoftheihis/y?* may be Rjngj ^itams. under 5 neadsor forts,to wit^Maiieis, (which EngHjh^ Scotch^ and Irtfl), wich fomeiew LmI French^ an^ Jews j ChnflUnJervantSi and Am Jlives, And thefe three lorts an exceeding, nunl rous y for, ac oi'din;.] to a Ca'.uLitori no., i; fmcc made, the yt/.i/?frj,an.1 Servants, did amoij to about 500CO, and the Negroes to about douj the number. The rc or lefi rvanrs bei \od Trade like, thi /oung an Incral Rar [/.or 2^/. the encre Itakc as rn ThpMa fhe Mail ^ts^ ast( cryincp^ for their to we( 'beaten mon in >d that thi y are feK , Eafterl wfim loflate,! lall quani and [mper, oj m iivrt, live a( Sarbadoes. 5 7 (a[ferj is but any thing kind, they think nothing much to be done for thcni ; and therefore 'ci^ [cat piiy to wjoug fuch poor Crcatnres, The chicfcll 5/tci^ of a PUntcr, confifts in his ^vants dndjl.ives^ but efpecially the Jluves^ who more numerous. And thefc they buy on Slot^* ird^ asinenBuy Horfes in a /V^r, and accor- igas they are handfome, lully, well lliapen, young, cither the men or vponcn^ thty give )\Q or Icfs \ the general Rates for the Chriltianr i-vanrs being about 10/. but if one that hath a iod Trade, as a Carpenter^ J^y^'Cr^ Smithy or lilic, then far more fj'kewifc, a Female that /oung and handfome, is higher valued. The liicral Rate for the better fort of Negro-men, is [/. ora^/. fterling; tij\d {or Women ^ about 15/. the encreafe of itock of Negroes j they general- |lakc as many Men as Women, Thf Maintenance ofthefe? uants andJUveu 'he Maintenance of the fervants, and Negro*^ lies, as to their Dyct, Apparel, and Lodging^ cryincpnfiderable. iFor their Foo4, they are contented from weeks- Yhdt 1, to weeks-end, whh Potatoes^ Loblolly^ made pood. ' [beaten M^Rf mixt with water ; ^ajjader f?read imon in all the Indies^ Bonavifi, and fuch like )d that the ^^ (an tat ion afford ah ^ as for tjideaty :y are fcldoroe troubled with it, except at Chifi- fyEafler^ and Whitfontidey and then they have kfjjifjZ?,according to the cuftorpe of the Ijlandi t of late, the fervants are allowed vireekly, a [all quantity of Swines-Flejh^ or falted Fleflt^ or " J and when any oif the Cattle dye of any di- [mper, or by accident, it is given to the Negroes ^ iofccdlikePri»accsonit. P 5 Vm li i M 5^ !Dnni£. Barhadoes. Their brinks arc ^JMohbie^ made of P^/^^a foakcd in water; Perino, made oi Cajavie-Rooi and water • (ripfo^ Kill Devil^ Pnnch, made water and Sugar ^ Flam in- drinks made oiPUnn and water '^Beveiridif^ made of Spring- water, /* ^<2r, and the juycc ot Orenges j and »>/»? oi Vimi which is only made of the juycc of the Fnm which is exceeding good and delicious, but ti fort, ajalfothe Beveridge^ and Pn-^ch^ the fc vantsare not much troubled with. But as for thc^yl^Jhr-PUmerss d^ferchmi fa^iorsj s^pdftrangers, their Fair is far otherwift having their curious-iit^fiS^ D///?f/, as Cufiardi Cheefe-cakss^ TanJieSj alfo ^turgion^ ; alfo, they arc P 4 POf 3P m \m n 4P Barhadoes. l not permitted to touch, nay, bardly to Tec 9 CHrtj or any other weapon ; and being kept in fuch ajla- 'very^ they arc fearful of beginning fuch an Infur- rcdtion, it being prcfept death for any that Ihal) in theleailbe found to a<^, or contrive fuch a thing. Xhc Ma- The Managemtm of a Plantation, ought to be nagement the Mafters Cixrc^ vet few of them ( except thofe hfa Plan ration. of the meaner degree ) are wjthoyt their Overfeers^ who tckesoffthat trouble from them, whofe Of- fice is to call them to \yof k by the Rrng of a Bellj a^ 6 a Clock in the Morning, to appoint them thei^ feveral works, to give them due CorreGjon upon any Mifdemcanour, or Idlcnefs ^he likewifc dif- miffes them at 1 1 a Clock, to go to Dinner^ and calls them again by One a clock by the faid BelU and difchargeth them at 6 a^ night. Whatlhavefuid in this Treqtife oV Barhadoes, concerning their /fr-v^wrj, andfiaves^ may be faid in thatof J^Wii/f^ ; for the fervants^ and Jtaves, are their greatelt flock ; thofe they Buy, the/?t r Urtolyci \treatsj as Ithei'rfurth jinapft>yo 'which are 1 always to oi Barbadoes. /^i ider to lye in, and the other two for places of Re- %reatsj as occaGoq ferycth. They have alfp for their further fecurity, a ftahding Militia j confid- ing of t>yo Regiments oi Norfe, and five of Fost^' Iwfiich are Stout, and well-Difciplined men, and always to be Ready on beat of Drum. The government of this IJle. This Jjle is Governed by X#iw aflimulatcd tQ ThcG thofc of England^ for all matters either ^m/, Sc- vernment defiaftick. Criminal, Maritine, or Martial ; yet ^^^^^ ^z not without fomc few Laws appropriate to them- * felves. which are not repugnant to the Lavps of EngUnd, For the Execution of thefc Lavps^ they havp thtit Courts of yndieatHre. * The T/Zff is divided into four OVc«iV/, in each of which, there i§ an Infetiour ^of^rt for civil Qanfes^ , ffom \yhiqh. Appeals may be made to the the 5«- .: ;^ \nam Court, Here arc alfo jHfti^es of the Peace, Conftables , Churib wardens^ and Tything-men, And for the yi^minijlr^tion of Juftice^ herp arQ yearly Five 6'«j//o»j. As concerning the nature pf the Sugar-Canes^ how to TUnt them, their Growth, Cutttn£, Grinr elmg^ "Boyling ^ the Conveyance of the Skimmings into the Cifierns^ how to DifliU it for Spirits ^ how long it ftays in the Cureinghoufe^ before it be good iJMufcovado'Su^ar'y together with the making it into Whites, is not my bvfincfs in this fmall Trea- S^Mr.U^ tife^ to give the Reader inflruOions therein, re-^^»^Boo|c ferringto Mt, Richard Ligons Book of the V^.""/^^'^^-. r • .• r^i. ,/, ? ' - does PiSA [ctiption of this T/f . 8^^ *^ »3 ! n il is S.^ ft ■4«: Ol ^p M|l^ a| M|| op M|l ul ttt dy u|l ultt|ttlttlu|9 Cl^pQP DESCRIPTION OF The ISLAND of St. CH%lsrOTHE%S. Its Scitua- tion&c. T. Chriftofhersj fo called from Chriftopher QolHmhHs^ the firft difcovercrs thereof, fci- cuatc in the £.4^11^^ of 17 degrees, and 25 win,\i\ circuit, ab'>ut75 miks : The Land lieth high and niountainous in the midil, from which fpringcth fcvcraJ Rivers , which ofttimes^ by rcafon of the Raines that falleth down the Mountains i arc ovciflown to the detriment of the Inhabitants. The Soylj and Commodities, &c. Its Soyl; The Soylxs light and fandy, and very apt to and Com- produce fevcral forts of Fruits^ Provifions, and ipoditics. Commodities j as Sugar, Tobacco^ Cotton^ Gin' ger^ &c. *^ . This//?f, by rcafon ofitsfeveraf great and ftcc- py Mountains^ between which are Springs of hot, and Sulphurous Wat^r^ with horrid Treeipicesy ' • ' ' and ' \ s* ' St. Chrifiopherfl )^^ and tbick Woods , renders it very impaflable through the midfl: : And the fleepy Afcents of the Momuins^ are divided into feveral Stages, ot Stories J where arc fpacious ways. On the 5tf«i-/«/^ there is a Salt-fit » called ^hL defac^ and not far from the faid Salt-fit^ there is a fmall IjiwHs of land, which reacheth within a mile and a half of the Jjl;j.« And that which make th the Profpcdl the more delegable in the feveral Flamatiom ( which arc bounded with Rows of Trees always in their Verdure ) are the fair Hottfes covered with giaxed Slate. The Divifion of the IJlc^ andhovv Pojfejfed. The whole Ifle is divided into four Quarters or xho \^ Cantons^ two of which arc poflcfTed by the £»- very de- gli^> and two by the French ^ which parts arc not^is^^^^^U lo we'll watered, asthofeofthe English ^ but arc*"^^^* better for T>//^^tf, and not fo ii/i7/y. pr"fpc|j The Englijh are more Populous then the French, and have two fortified places, one commanding the great Haven, and the other a dcfcent not far from Toime de fable. Jht French have Four 0:Tong Forts, of which one hath Regular Works likft a Cittadelj that of moii: note commands the Haveit^ and is called 11 i m 1^ fe I I II 1'^ I: Jill! ^4 Si. Chrifiophers^ Both rfic -E»f ///^, and the Erench^ keep con- fi;ant Guard at their F<^rr J, placed at the entrance of the Paths which leads to the fevcral Wards, for the better fecurity of each other. Their ^^'^ ^^^ ^^^ Churches in thofc parts belonging iChurchcs. tothe Eftglijh, viz. One at Sandy- [oint, one at Falme-Tree, another near the great Road, and two at the Inlet of ^^yonne , wjth inaoy fair Strudiures. 1\\t French J befides their feveral Habitations, difperfedupanddown in their qnarters^ have ac A Torn Bajfe'Terre ( near the //Wx/r« where Ships >ye at Poflefled Anchor ) a Tovpn of a good bignefs, whoi e Honfes t>y the are well hmlt^ of Bricks, Freeftone, and Timber t frencb, ^hg^e the ijkferchams have their Store-hoHfei^ and is well Inhabited by Trade fmen^ and arc well fer- ved with fuch Commodities both for the Back,^ an4 t^tf//;', together with Vtenfils for their Honfes, and Plantations J as they have occsifion of, in exchange offuchCcwwoiZ/riw which ai? the prod uft of the Jfland, Here is a fair, ap4 large 0facij and faoy fair ntatiotjSt have at >j 'ye at ■f Hohfes I Timber • '«//^. The Jfle is Inhabited by about three or four Thoufand, who live well, and drive a Trade for fuch things as they have occafion for, by ctchang- in^ fuch Commodities as the Ifle produceth j as 6*«- gar. Cotton^ Ginger, Tobacco , »Scc. Itis a well-Governed Colony^ where Juftice is 4uly admioiftred , and all Vices feverely puniflied. ^ Their F^^ the Worihip of God , here arc three Churches, Churches ; and for its further defence, and fafe- *c. ty, it hath a Fort, whereon are mounted feveral Peeces, for the fecur icy of the fliips in the Road, or Harbour, called Bath-'Bay, as alfo the publiquc- Store'hoHfe , This Jfle J as the re/l ofthc'Caribbee'Sj are trou- bled with MufcPjeto's^ Chigos, Ainrigoins, and other //;7g-/»g- Flyesj which "do much Annoy the Inhabitants. i> I DI 1 T' I many pis Itiso ; Popping, pafs it. • Ithatl which, have mj prcfervil The; is the Sr the chie Here I fowl,ai Thet Indico, A of Deer, or four Trade for exchaog- \ j as Sn- Juftice is feverely re three and fafe- d feveral : Road, or publique- aretrou- oins, and nnoy the A DESCRIPTION OF The ISLAND of ^A JA(^T Ego, THe Ijland oijintege, is fcatcd in the Lati- Its Scltust^ tnde 1 6 degrees, tind 1 1 minutes, tJon. It is in Length, about fix, or feven £xtent«; \ Leagues, and about the lame breadth in many places. It is of a difficult acccfs, and very dangerous for pjippifj^j by reafon of the Rocks which encom- pafs it. * It hath fomc fevrjprsn^s of Frejh^ water, befidcs The nunta which, the Inhabitants J which arc about 8 or 900 bcr oflnri havt made fcvtral Ctfterns^ and Fonds^ for the habitants. prefcrving of ^^/»-n^4^«r. The //Zf doth abound in Fi/fe, amongft which, Fifli' is the Sword- Fi^ which of all others, would be the chief in the Sea. Here are great plenty of moft forts of Wild P<^^^' ^"^^ fowI,and not wanting in renifon,aTid Tame Cattle. C^"l«- The Comngedities that it afFordcth, arc Sn^ar, Commo^ Indies, ^^^l^Ty Tibas^o^ &c. dhics.. 1 ^5 1 r '< '■:'.] lifl* 49 A DESCRIPTION OF The ISLAND of St. F IJ^C 8 :7^T' Its Scitua- tion. Extent and Fdtility. T' Ue IJlartii of St. P'ifttefJt a lycthinthe La- m/»<^* of Sixteen degrees. It is about 2o miles in Length, and Fifteen in Bredth,of a fertile /o)'/, yeilding abandance of Sngar- Cdties J which grow Natu- rally without Planting. k is well watered with Rivers^ andafFordeth many fafe-K Wi,and convenient Bays for Shipping. The Englipfi have here fomc ftttlcmtnt, but arc hot very powerful. iHi de inl On the :nt Harbo It i5VCl ertile r^ lUt chief!' liflj', bui very Barl fflhc£;7i kii ,1' onIdescription , / OF The ISLAND of • 7-. ^T> M I ^A^I C ^/i[/7j CO fettle here. 4 in '• II -I J 111 1 J » ■ *«>' M , .fi..— i»»M— jy A io h". : I .' li m fmim ^p ttt a9 nS txt c9 U9 ^ ttl tsf tja fli tSV Qt Qp V ^P ^r ip W DESCRIPTION O F The I S L A N D of MO ^r ^ E 'Jn Length, and of a Icfs &c. Breadth. It is feated in the Latitude of 17 degrees .• It is much inclined to Monmainsi which are well cloa- thed with C^dar, and other Tr^« 5 and the Val- leys, andP/<<>«jare very Fertile. This Jjle is r^io^k Inhabited by the Irip)^ who have here a C -JHrch for Divine Worjhip, m^mF Th HHis te LeetgH 'he //!r^/ Itoamoi butpo( keepii f^ ONI .« of Ijlanti of a cecdiag Tn nd of a lefs degrees .• It is arc well cloa- and the Val he Iri^y who ESCLIPTION ' OF The ISLAND of t£ ^hCgV I L L A. ■|His Iflt\% fcatcd in the Latitat of E^hs^^ Jk . , teen degrees, and One and twtfttyjf™^' It Extendeth ic f^If tn Lengthy about LeMgues^ and in Breadth about Three. > fhc InhabitMnts are Englifh^ which are compu« t to amount Unto two or three Hundrcd> who : but poor, the //^^r being faid not to be worth keeping* m u m* ' ■I'l t i Pf2 CS» I m ;.\ l^ DESCRI P T I O O F Its Scitua- tion Ferti- lility &c. The ISLAND of "B A "RJB AV A. AR'B AT) Ay or B^irhoude^ fcitua^ the LatitH(l9 of Seventeen degrees andl half. Itisan//Ztfof no great Extent, noti ceeding Fifteen miles in Length, nor is it of s confiderable Account to the £«^/^j^, who are! PoflefTors of it : Ye t is it found to be of a Fcf Soyl, and to be well ftored with fanUySheep, | and may produce feveral good Comwoditl were it well managed to the advantage of| Inhabitams, B .™ .-1' \ i \ t t -« 5J ti^ttt'kktt'ktfAttt'k'k-' DESCRIPTION OF The I S L E S of O R^ , \ The Summer-I S L E S. ■' i "" ^-.5 ,1 ^/^fi of P^irginia, zndCarolinAy which is a" part of Fhriiiajlycth the Iflcs of BermHdesy^^^ ^i-i fo called, from John Bermndes a ^/^^»*''«^^>^" iN^nic; by whom they were firft difcovercd. They ^ re alfo called the SHinmer-Iflesy from the 5i[yf/?* ^r^cJ^that one G*f or^ r Summers ( an Engli(h-naan)' . . . here fuffered. ' ^^ Thefe //Zf J lye diftant from ^;7^/4W, about 15 1600 Leagues J from Madera, jooo, or izoOf from HifpamoUy 400 ; and from Carolina, whjch IS the neareli part of Land, about 300 LeagMs. ' - ■ r '■ •' • ' their Exttnt. Ofthefe 7/Ztf/, the greateft called St. Georges, ^*§ fi. or 6 Leagues long, and almoU thorowout, notj^''^^^^ £ 3 above ,^ 1, I'i \m 1 ^54 Bermndes. above a quarter^ a third, or a half a League broadj ihfc btijers arc much lefs. y»<: »- ■ t Ti[»f/r Form , &c, Allthcfe/yZw together,, form a body like a Several Crejfem, and inclofc very good Porff, the chie( arqofig which, are thofc of the (Jreat Souid^ Htr\ rittgtms Ijilitj Sotahamfton^ and TAgets *, whic| with their Forts of ^«ver^ nd Warwick > take their names from the feveral Noble men that were] concerned; a^ upder^akerf , good forts TJkfi Feriilityy CammodUies^ Fruit s^^&ic. JtsVertl- Their l^ruits. The Earth IS exceedijig Fertile, ycilding two] Crops yearly ; their ^^^fit^they gather in Jw/y, Sind1>efemhr. They^haye ej^jC^leilt J^«/p, asOr with fomc 'Pearly and jimhergrefCiA mmfl I n^and ■ with thefc the y drive fome fmall Traie. ^'TClteyhave plenty, of Tortoffes, which is thcitl orimary fdod, whofc Flefi is very delicious, f [ JJoggs. Tffeif H^ggSi which the ^p^wW^fj formerly car ricd thither, ai;egr.eatly-cncrcared. I [ f owlcs. ? 'jfj'ey liaye riwh^ Fo>^/i, and tS"i>^/, amongfll ti^ftfcW ,' a grea,t triday Cranes^ m^-'^Sea-Fo^ tn^t breeds in holes like ^/o«r/ ; and in the hot weather, they rtiake their pf^^follrong, that oft-times the ftnall ^irds arc Icntangled and catched in them. Cddar Trets, Here are Cadar Trees^ which differs from all o- (thtrs infevcral refpcds, but the wood is vay The jiir and Healthfulnefs, The Skie is almofl: always Serene, and whcnThcfcIflej k\ kned w ith Clouds^ it commonly Thunders^ and exceeding \ Li^btneth : And the cAir is very Temperate, and^*^*^'^^^' fo exceeding healthful, that it is rare to hear that anyonedycthof any Didempcr, but only Old age 5 infomuch, that many have removed from £;7^/W hither, only for the enjoyment of a long, and healthful life. And thofe that h^vc made any long continuance here, are fearful of removing I out of fo pure an e/f f'r. The Inhabitants* The Englijb firft fetlcd thcmfdvcson thcfe Ips^i!tJnH^ about the year 1612. and have now cftablifhcd abitamsand powerful Colony, there being at prefecat, about ftycngth of four or five Thoufand Inhabitants j who have^"^ "^ ftrongly Eortified the -f 36 degrees, pof29, which i on the Eaft », and on the d which run- fuluefs, mpcrate, and wer , nor the h as ?o check The fcveral ftindl fcafons hiums, Nei- 3 Agreeable to arable to the hath Invited ) fettle here ; fft not vjcnf lire tiofc from the 1 the afiurance of I Y 1 1 i.'ji' »i I ' / m i ■^ . Thc5< Icxccllcm Grapes , good Wi J^lumhs j hrriesy i other JFr ^goodnefs the Sou tl and Powt apt to prj f^rtsof The may prj growinj Indico^ ved, tl ntaditii dance^ thac b< have I I ■ 57 •It •■ Carolina^ > lahappy life, joyned with the gaining of Fair }atesj but alfo many Snglijh from moft of the imerican Plant at ions, \i being generally cftcemed Ac of the bed Qtlonief that ever the Englijb were ilaftcrs of; for here is Healthy PUafHre, and Pro- jjrto be found, which cannot be met with in fo jargc a mcafure> in any (^onmrey of the Indies. Their Fr Hits f Nearhs, &C. ^ The Soyl is Rich, and Fertile, and produceth Fruits, excellent Fruits ; as u/^ppriceckj ^ 'Peaches , Grapes , ( of which the Engltjh have made good Wii^e ) Olives , Walnut s» apples. Pears, Plumbs j Cherries, Fi^^s ^ tJ'^Hlberries, Straw- hrries, water- Mellons, Afarachockj^ Quinces, and other Fruits known to us in Europe^ whici ( r ' Igoodnefs are no ways Inferiour to them ; nd ui |thc Southern part Oranges, Limes^ l^omgranates^ ^iSi^ Pome Citrons. And indeed, the Earth is very apt to produce, and bring to Maturity, Corn^ all - (QXtsol garden' Hear bs, and Roots, &c. ) Its Commodities. T\[tComwodities'^\{\Q\it\\\sCoHntrey <^^th and ^-^^^^ ^ may produce,are Wines, Oy is jS ilk, { Mulbery-Trees growing in great abundance in the Woods ) Cottony Indicoy Ginger, Tobaccp, &c. Aod it is belie-"^ ved, that here may be made of the three firft Cow- , ntadities, wines, Oyls, and Silk, fuch great abun- dance, to theirs, and this Kingdom, enrichment, thac befides what we fliall ufe our felves, we may have wherewith to furnifh /'^rr^/« Tarts, i their dk^ 58 Carolina. Thtir Trees. pfMS* mu ■J ■'♦■I !i Bcfidesthe Mi^lhtry Trees , here are thofe of C^dar^ Oaky both White and Red« FofUr, Bay^ JIfiy and Pine ; with feveral others whofe names are yet unknown^ Their Rivers y Fijh, and Fowl, §iY9fi* The Cdptntrey is very wel I watered with Rivers ^ there being between Cape-Carteret, and Port- Rafal, which is not above 60 y^i7«, 5 or 6 great Navigable J^iversj which difcharge themfelvcs into the 5e Oxeys , "Brants , Dotterels , V^idgeoni, Teals J andi)wi^, and (J^alUrd \n ^n undeitroy- able quantity. Prcvi/ionsinthevpoods, The woods are well ftored with Urge Turksys^ Theafants , Partridges , Turtle* Doves , Wood- Pidgeonsj with great variety and plenty of fmall IBirds, Alfo in the vpoods, are great plenty of Deerg V'ith abundance of ^/^«, Coneys^ &c* ficrc Here arc Thei\r4 fcrvation fevcral joi the year I < parts, am difpofitio! be a pcop of a good ( he faith, Emblems Children and Conn tion^ to fought, ( raife a fr of the nu Religion rialy thi Reeds y firawsy <■ ond to r better tl Hefi all thin jicf, h\ than to the Go to good 'Triefi, faith, and w forfs, ttmox t;.v ■• ' m Carolina. ^^ Here are divers delightful, and fpacious Ss^ The Natives of C^xoMm, The Natives of Carolina^ according to the ob-The Djf, fcrvation of Mr. John Ledener ( who made three pofition fcvcral journeys from V^irginU^ to C4ro/t»#r, about ^c* oixhp, the year 1670. on purpofe for a difcovery oi ihofc^*"^**' parts, and the better unde rllanding the nature and difpofitionof theM^^ff^;a^i ) are faid by him, to be a people of a ready wit> and though 1 lliterate, of a good undcritanding. For the Account oftmtj ( he faith,) they make ufe of Hieroglyf hicks <, and Emblems oi things 5 likcwife they inltrut^ their Children in fuch things as relates to their Families and CoHntrey, which is fo prefervcd from Genera" tion^ to Generation j where a battle hath been fought, or upon the fcttlcment of a Colony^ they raife a fmall pyramid of ftone, which doth confift of the number j^^iw, or fetled at fuch a Colony, For Religioits Kites » either Devotion^ Sacrifice^ or Bi^ fial^ they make a round circle of (hort Stravps^ or Reedsy and according to the placing of the faid ftraws, or reeds^ it is known for what it was made j and to meddle with fuch Circles j is eftccmed no better than Sacriledjie, He faith, they worfhiponeC7f?^ 5 ^s Creator of all things, to whom their High^Priefi offers Saefi^ fice^ but believes he hath fomething clfe to do_ than to regard Humane Affair s^ but doth cbmmic the Government thereof to leflTer 'Deities 'y that is, togood and evil Spirits j to whom their Inferiour *Triejis makes their Devotion, and Sacrifice, He faith, they believe the Tr an f migration of the Soul^ and when any one dyeth, they Intcrr with the forps, Provifionsy ^nd Houfholdftuffot the ElizS" ttmoxnc^itllfporlcfp which the v fancy to be beyond I I, {i <5a Carolttttt. f. the Afc/tntdifisj and Inciian Ocean, He furthe' faith, that from Four women, they bcIicAc al^ mankind Sprung, and do therefore divide them* fcUes into as many Tribes \ and in their Marriages they are very Supcrftitious. He faith, they arc generally well-proporti- onate ; they are great Favouers of the ^AT^/z/fc, li- ving together in Love and Friendfliip, and upon alloccafions, ready to contribute their anTillance unto them. They are generally of a good, and boned meaning, no ways addid^ed to ^/r^, or to Extravagancies , contenting themfclves with a mean Dyet :ir\dj4pparel for their prefcnt fubfiilancc not taking much care for the time to come. He further faith, that they arc much addided to Aiirth, and 'Dancing ; they are alfomuch prons to Wa/ir,and K^/o;ir,which they place above all other Vermes^ which doth occafion them to be fo conti- nually engaged againil one another in Wars .* and thatfide which Fortune Crowncth with Vidory, Triumphal Jollatics are performed by them. The Conmrey ( he faith ) is divided into fevcral petty Kingdoms^ and the Veo^le in the one keep no good Correfpondence with thofe that border upon them, and on the Icait occafion, wage War one a- gainft another. In this Count rey of Carolina ( he faith) that there Its pivm- ^^g feveral Indian Towns which are generally the g"ng2^oj„s^ Habitation of the King^ that commands the Tnri- tory. Tke Fr of riet or s of Cditolindi, The Pro- This Province or Countrey of Carolina, was firil pricters cfPofTefTcd by the £ngUfij , about the year 1660. Cmlma, g^d became a Proprietorfiip ; which his prefcnt AfajefiyKt Charles the Second^ granted by Fa- tent furthe' IlicAc all le them- )roporti- Ind upon Jafiiltancc jood, and ice^ or to :s with a tbfiflance ^me. He Idi^ed to prons to e all other fo conti- ars.' and Vidory, 'hem. ito fevcral ic keep no rder upon Vat one a- I that there craily the the Terri' , was firft ear i66q, i prefent d by Pa. tcni; Carolina, {}i tent to the Right Noble, geor^e Duke of t/^/- bemarle , Earl of TcrnVgrcw , baron O^foock of Fotheridgt , Peachewpe and Teyf^ Knight of the Noble Order of the g^trter, Captain (jeneral of hisMajcftics Land- Forces, and one of the Lords ofhisMajeltics molt Honourable Privy (Roundly &c. The Right Honourable, Edv^eird Earl of Clarendon^ Vikount Cornhtry^ and Baron Hide of Hendon^ &c. The Right Honourable , WiU Imtk Earl of Cr^x/f//,Vifcount Craven oiVjfiftgtotfj Baron Craven of Harrifted-CMar^ial^ Lord Lieu- tenant of the County oi Middle fex , and Borough ofSoHthrvark^, and one of the Lords of his Maje- fties mod Honourable Trivy Cciir.cil , &c. The Right Honourable John Lord Berkeley fi^xoi\ Bcrk^ Ity of Strattoji, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland for .his Majefty , &c. The Righf; Honourable, the Earlof 5/7^//jW^, The Hon'»u»'aLle Sr. ^ecr^e Carteret o^ Haxvvcs in 'iScdfordjlnre !3aronet, yue- Chan^btrUin o{\\\s\\\^c[\\(:s HcnjJjold, and of his Majefties mol> Honourable Frtvy Cumcil^ ^c, Sr, ivilliam Berkley o^ in the County of Knight and Baronet, and to Sr. John Colleton o( London^ Knight and Baronet j and to thei r Heirs and Succeffors . Kndii\ic^dL\<^ Lords fr of rictors^ having by their Patent, power to eitablifli a Cjovernment , and make Laws for the better Regulation thereof, and the inviting o{ Inhabitants , have formed a Models which is fo well framed, for the good & welfare of i,\lQ Inhabit : .its, that it ia efteemed by all judicious perfc IS without compare j but the faid Model ^ being too long to be fet down in this fmall Trea* $ife, I muft be conftrajned to omit ir, rh$ ^'■ 45a Carolina* The SfttUmems of the EngUfhl Here arc at prefcnt two confidcrablc Scttfe- mcnrs of the EttgUfii ^ for fo fhort a time, . the one ^XAlhemarle-SJiVQt'iVii^^t North, and the other about the iiiidft of tiie Conmrey on Afliley River, which is likely to be the Scale of Trade for the whole Countrey , as being fcituatc very Gonh modious for Shipping , and in a healthful place. If'! i^ «§iif» pgiiii^^ ^«g& ^•Sn ^ ^ iS» ■k«i*irtMMb m \ <* i Its }- Bounds. i ^♦^j5^ ^^ [ts Name indwhylo ailed. $ # pboT'tfl'^WISIilc, before It could be brought pcrfcftion j but at length ^ through the Induftry of <59 ; f , ■{ &^ men abol mi :tm. D r Fl V h jts Wefter lethintot This Co. Jr. Francu load ) an a great ( )f Queen. Much t; ionntrey, ' Ships y poor wr tc perfcCi ^ i»-r»jwg' -at .i 1 A DISCRIPTION O F V /rj 'Bounds, 'JRgiNIA particularly now fo called, itj hach for its Southern Limits , Carolina ^ Bounds, for its Eaftern , the Atlamicl^ Ocean ; for its Northern , Mariland j and for its Weftern , that vaft tract oiLand which lun- rieth into the Somh'^ea, Its Name, This Countrey was faid to be firft difcovcrcd by its Name sr, Francis Drahe ( as indeed all this Tradt of Sea- and why To []oaft ) and war fo named by SiuWalter Rawkigh^^'^^'^^^' ( a great promoter of this difcovcry , ) in honour of Queen Elix^nbtthj who then Reigned. \j Wk ThcSmUmentoftbe £n£lijh. Much time was fpent in the difcovery of this oHntrey, with vaft cxpences in the fetting forth f Ships , and not without the great lofs of many poor wretches life, before it could be brought m perfection j but at length ^ through the Induliry of :-^ ^.3 ^:5?> ^ ..-f.^''»'^ Brunei fjr ^ 7 If 'I: It ,(■"' t # 0^ Virginia. i "Capt, off Captain John Smithy and other worthy pcj Smith , a fons, whatook great pains for the advanccmenJ ^^^^^ ^^'^^'ofthefedifcoveries, fortune begun to fmile oaj thQEngUjh^^^'i and about the Reign of King James ^ a pj feeling at tent Was granted to certain pcrfons as a CorprmX Virginia. «?/7,and cal led the Company of Adventurers of yA ginU, Afterwards bther Tatems were granted J them for larger Extents of X.W excluded in thJ former 9 but the {aidCQrpor^tlo^^ committing o(| fcveral and frequent Mifdcmeanours, andMif. carriages, the faid P.itent about the year i6:u was made JVhI-^ fince which it hath been free for all his Majefiies SnbjsBs^ to Tr^ids into thcfej parts. Its Air tind Temper utitrs. This OwKrre-^ IS bled with a fwcct and whole- feme Air^ and the Clime cf late very agrceableio| Virginia the E^gltjh, fince the clearing of Woods 'j fothatj now very now few dyeth of the Comtreys difeafe, caildl Jicalthiul. the Seafonin^, The Soyl. It is every where interlaced with delet^ab!( Hitls^ and rich f^aUeys^ and of a Soyl fo Fertile] that an Acre of ground commonly yieldeth 20: Btijhels of Corn , and is very apt to product] The Soyl what is put therein, as Enalfjh grains, Roots, VLiyRich. Sfff^j, Plants^ FrnitSy ^cbefides thofe approJ priated to the Conmrey, and other adjaccHt pu.til • oi Amertca^ Their Fruits, Excellent Here arc excellent Fruits in great abundance, which may be compared with thofe of Italy oil Spain^ as a^pricockjj Peaches, MellonSj Appl^l Pears, Plumhs, Cherries j Cjrapesy Figgs 9 <^^\ tea :es, M^rnccchj^ pHckimineSj Chefnuts^ WalnHts^ )ltves, Straberricj y Rasberries , Uoosberries^ and Merries in great abundance. Qf their j^ppUs they make Syder ; of their ^ears , ^frry j and of their Grape s^ ^int. Their Roots and Herbs, H 'V They have feveral forts of Roots , as Potatoes ^ pj^ - ^^ 'arrets. Turnips^ Artichoak^^ Onyons^ ^^^^^^^J> Roqts,an4 ^vllyjioxxfersy Spar.-^ns, &c. And nioft forts of Herbs. jijrderfhnbsy known wO us, in great plenty. Their FowUs^ and Birds, Here is great plenty of Fow/, 2iSm\^ Turkeys , Abun- ^'hlchufually weigh 6 Cione '^ Partridges^ Sjy^w/, dance of leefe^ Dnchj ^ Teal ^ ^Nidgsons , Dotterells ,'^^'^'^^^*. ]{cathcc€ks^ OxeyeSi ^rants^ Pidgeons, CraneSj hrons^ Eagles^ and fcvcral Tons of Havphes. ind for fmall Birds^ innumerable quantities of mdcy forts, ^s Blackbirds, Thrujljesy Red-birds^ |nd above all, the c^octr^;?'^^, which counter- fitcth the notes of all Birds. * Their Wilde Beafis» and Tame Cattle, They have great ftore of Mde Beafis, as Lyons^ Virgfnia ^earsj Leopards^ Tygarsj Wolves , and Dogs like well ftored Solves » but bark not ; BHfehes^ Elks, whofewithbealb [Icfliisas good ii^Bccf'^Rofcontjes- Vtcbunqnois^^^^J^^^^ yeery Hares, Bevers, Ottors, Foxes , Kj^artins, mlcats. We fells 9 ^lusk-Rats, Flying Sqnirtls^ [c. And for Tame Qntle, Cowsy Shecp^ Goats, foggs^ and Horfes in great plenty, ' m m i Their 64 Virginia. hm m ■if. i,<. PI Thar Ftjh. Vailetyof Hcrc isgrcat plenty of Excellent fiJJ;, as wc Fiih, in the Sea, and Bay oiChefopcMck , as in the Rivtu^ vix. ^;jW/>«V/ which the Countrcy doth, or raai duft of the produce, are Hemp, Flax, Hops, Rape-fed ^^^^^^^y-ii^Nmce-feed, Woad, Madder, Fot-Ajhes, B ney, Wax» SUKa (ifthey would make it, Miih ry-Trees here growing in fuch great plenty ) 5^* afra4, SarfaparilU, feveral fwect ^nms, and Bi femes of Sovereign vertues, feveral forts oiPlam\ vpoods, &c. ufed by X)y«r/, here arc veins of i loms, Ir on, VLTid Copper, fundry forts of Rich F«ry iT/^skins, ( which maketh excellent Bftf ) aril other Hides f Pitch , Tarr , Rozjen » THrpenm\ Butter, Cheeje, and faltedFlejh and Fifi, whia find vent at the 'Barbadoes^ and other Carihh Jfles ; but above all thcfc, their cheif Commok hJohacco, which they are furc to find vent for and is the Standard by which all other Commoi\ tier ate prized -, but it were well ht the Inhabit m if they would imploy their timc,about the mafciif of Silk, or fomc other Commodities » which in (hort time would be found more advantageou UBtoiheraj and then their Tobacco would not fo great a Drug as of late it is^ infomuch that th Virginia. ^C^trchunt oh-t\mtsh^(i rather lofc it, thf' %"■ ■ t-f. L (:• If '* Its chief Rivers. Torn, Virginia, fing^ being faid to run up into the Countrey north ^ards 75 Leagues: its breadth in many places] being 5, 6, cry Leagues, and fomctimes morel and 6 or 7 Fathom deep , and its opening to thJ •Jouth between ^a^e-Henry , v^ hich bcgineth F/r| giniaj and Cape-Charies on the other fide oppclitd being about lo, or 12 Leagues wide. The principal of thefe Rivers bcgineth at Caf( Thli C^i ith thoi anfei boj le thus Hinry^ arc Fdwhatart ^ now called J ^tn>cs-RmrM}fjhkh dot EUzfhcth Town. ts chofci And foi hich is feveral HJiices being very large and Commodious for fliips , ana found navigable about 50 Leagues. T^avuintih^ now Tork^River^ alfo large and Navigable ^^ bout 20 Leagues. Rapahanock or Toppahanoclf^ likewifc a good River and M?t'(^<^/'/^, about 4c Leagues5Which is the lalt River o^Firginia Nortlil ore frotn t wardly, that falls into the ^rf?)' of C/?^/i»/?f^^. I The name; Their Towns, I New- Ken JLowir-Ni Upon* or near, thefe ^mn for the convm-i ^appaban cncy of fhipping , the £?i^////) are (eated , whicpOe of W at prefentdoamouutunto the number of ixhwmConrJties y 3O5 or 40000, and have fomc Towns ^ the chief a.Hfrom whic niongft which, is James'Tovcn^ or rather James CiWConrt held /j, commodioufly feated on James- River ; Th; 7ow« is beautified with many fair and well bull; Brick Houfes, and as it is the chief town of th: Cenntrey ^ here is kept the Ccnrts of jHdicatHV, and O^ces of publique concern \ not far from which, at Green Spring, refideth the ^ovcrnovi S i r William *B erk ley, l^cKt to famesTown may be reckoned that omy Indian' Elizaheth , feated at the mou th of the faid River Ihabitatior a well built Town. Iliveatcn AUo Dales-gift J Wicccomsco^ Eer^rjuda, and olthcir DiJ thcrs; Ithcre is fc Virginii ivers forts pon each laving th •'? Countrey nortfi many places^ Tictimes more )pcning to the h bcgineth Fit r fide oppclue, e. ;incthat Cafi\ es, Ta}?unin\(\ Navigable , a, r Toppahanc('i/i ■?le, about 4c, ''iri'inia Nor:!]. hsjopeakj. Virginia. ^9 Thg Englijlj government r the convcni.| eatcd , whic: ibcr of aboii: ;, the chief a. th€rfarr^esCi\ •River ; T nd well bull:! town of thj of jHdicatm not far from le govcrnom ioncd that ot efaid River, nmdaj and o- rk Thli (/Hfttrey is Governed by Laws agreeable F/Vum/^ ith thofc of England J for the deciding of all under a mfes both Civil and Crmtrtal ; which faid Lam g^""'^ ^^" ire thus made by the Governonrt 'ippointed by his^^^^'"^"' U]efiyy with the con lent of the General Ajfembly^ hich doth confiH: of his (^nncil , and the Bhrgef- ^es chofcn by the Free-holders » And for the better Covernn:enty the Ccmtreyj vhich is pofTcflcd by the SngUjh , is divided in- ;o fcveral Counties , in each of which are Sheriffs, ^uflices of the Feace^ and other Officers » which . re from time to time appointed by the Covernour ; The names of the ^<7««//a are thofe o{ Caret nckj Charles^ Glocejler, Hartford^ Henrico, James, jSfeW'Kent , Lancajhir^ Aitddlcfcx, Nanj^emHpdj Jjoxvsr 'Norfolk^, Northampton , ^orfh^mherland ^ Jiappahancckj, ' Surrey , Vs/arwick^, ^efimorland, JOc of Wight, and Tork, and in each of thcfp pountiesy are held petty (^ourts , evqry mo^th, from which there may be j^ppeals to the i^^^tfjrf ii^ohrt\\M9it James Town, The Natives or Jnd,ians, 'ij^Ji Virginia ^diSy and yet is the habitation of di- vers forts o{ Indians , which have no dcpendanc^ pon each other, being of particular Tribes^ and having their peculiar King to Govern them ; ev^- ry Indian'Town , or rather poor ^ Mage, being the habitation of a Ktng:, and ^hefe P^cp/tf do rather live at enmity, than amity together. And as to their Difpofitions , Manners , Religions , &c. there is fpund a difference , but mort of all in their Langtiafres •, fo that thofcT'tcf/^ may not imprQ- F 3 pci'iy. * I $. a<*-' = IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^^-^ 4k^ 1.0 I.I 150 "^ u 114 ^... 1^ IS 1^ 1 1.25 1.4 III 1.6 < 6" ► V] ^ /a 3^. /\ %-<«^V' > '/ % >:^> J'^X Hiotographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 A iV :\ \ c^ .v^%^ "% <^^ i/.x m^' "'fi. ¥■-■ . ?Wlf L.-."t Hoiifcs. 4-V Virginia* perly b^ called fo many fcveral Nationi. ^ Thcyaregcncranyafortof people well pro- |^ortionate« (lout, of a fwarthy complexion , I their Hatrbbck, and flaggy, which they wear long ythey are ofa ready wit, vci^ Subtle, atidj l^reaeherotts , n6t much addided to labour^ be* in^ tbo great lovers of their cafe •, they are much given to HunHng , and going to Wars with each pthcrj flicir Weapons being the "Btm and At- rctt'j?, at which they are very expert , being good irtSifks men \ but of late they have got the ufc of Otms» andothcr Weafons^ through the folly of the Englilh in (hewing them. Thtey are very lo. Vihg and obedient to their Kin^t -^ in matters of HfHpon^ they obferve rtrangc Cermtmits , and tieiriV»>^/( which are eftcertied Con]Hrersym^ Stttrifeefipx them. They believe the 'TtanfmiiH' frl^ti^the SohU and have (Grange fancies about the 0t««>«t>f tbc W^r^tbcy believe there is a God, 6ut think he hath fomething elfe to dp then to t^dei^hinnrrelfwith things below, as too inferi' l^lir'fbr^him « and do therefore not Worship him; \M^Devil they Worfhip out of a fear , leO; be (hould deftroy them, as having the power of them. ^' Tbeii^e/^fp^rr/ isbut mean , only contenting themfelves with (btnething to cover their Haked- fiefsj atid for the better defending themfelves froiinPthc weather thiy anoynt their Bodys v^iih XJ^rtitn 0)fffimixtwith!Bf«r/<;rf*»/#. ! ■Their Honfts are iBo better then wr M^gl^l^ ~K^y?rtfi,andare made of i^^Mfiirijand covered with ^titkjof'Treej y and in the midft thcr«df, isplaccd V Their i>)^cr in meancfSj is anfw^rable to their ]^oiife$,iiot endeavouring topleaf^ their 'Palet With curious Sancess or pompcring their Bodic tvithpfovokativeiif^^/i. ... te#* nV V* ^ I E ^ South, River P the Pro 14orth, part of DeUwA dian of meckj The intor# heart < near 2< Tatowt vern ) of the. Chofu • • ESC R IP T ION OF Its Scituation and'BoHnds. tionil pic wcl! pr -j^ Maryland. J* ' Itivers and Rivulets^ to the great improvement of thcSoyI, and Beautyof this Previwr. ' The Countrcy of late, fincc the Felling of the woods, and the Peoples aceuftoming thcmfelvcs to SnglifhDyet^ is very healthful and agreeable to the coun- th^conftitution of the EngUjii, few now dying at | ^^^l ]^l\ their firft coming, of the Conntreys Difeafe, or/w, Ucaitjitui. j-^^-^^^ ^^^ 25 jQ the Temperature of jiir, the Heats in SHmmer, receive fuch feafonable allays from gentle Breezes, and frcfh Showers of Rain ; ai^d the Cdd in iy/»r^r^ is of fo little durance, that t\\isr'lnhab$t}iiRts x^not be faid to fuffer by cither. ; their Snyl, &c. T.hc County ey is generaHy pl,ain and even, y^^ rifing in fome places into fmali and pleafant Hills, ivbich heighten the beauty of the adjacent FaHeyi, The Soyl\% Rich and Fertil, naturally produ- cing all fuch Commodities as are in the precedent dil^ourfe fet down as peculiar to its Neighbouring Colony^ Virginia ; as all forts of Beafis and Fow/, both Tame and Wild j F//?;, Fruits, Plants, Rooti^ Herbs, Gums, Trees , Bdfomes » &c. As like' wife all Commodities produced by Induflry, arc here found in as great plenty and p^rfe^ion : But the general trade of iJPIaryUnd depends chiefly vponTohacco', which being eftecmcd better for a Forreign iJ^arkft than* «'hat of Virginia, finds great Vent abroad ; and the Planters at home, in exchange thereof, are furnifhed by the Merchant vvithall necefTarics, iQt\i\mk\i^\%Ppuft,Jamily^ zn& Plantation. > , ^ UTherc is a Competcqit ftock of ready Ntpriey in this Piov/«tff both of Eriglidi, Forreign, and his f tofdrbijis own Coyne, yst their chief way 6f Com- ^^rfii9by way ofBarjcr- orEx(ihangcbf C^m- for the 2eafts> Fowl, Jifti, Fruitsj&c See in the Defcrip- t)on of yirginid' thcis* CbynSj and way o ffioditiei confidei and thc| been ki The Cnfiomi Dyet, inr«>x| many cachGi This Charlei to tiie 1 Bait em that Pa abfolui vingtb to his. bylik« ens, ai pbwei offV^ ferrini inacli y^arV t^rol tyof Fifth Bcfo Fc hisL ^provcmcntof ce, ' [ Felling of the thcmfclvcs to i agreeable jo ^novif dying at >V^^//r, or/ft,, e oi Air, the I fonablc allays wcrsofRain;! I durance, that Eer by either. md even, yet ►Icafant Hills, acent F^ieji rally produ. he precedent ^Neighbouring [/?/ and Fovfl^ Plants^ RootSj nduflry, arc fedion: But >ends chiefly I better for a "^ginia, finds at home, in c MerchUnt y Money in ^n, and his Maryland. j-^' mditi^s, which may be judged to be no ways in- confiderable, fincc lOO fail ofjhifs from EngUndy and the £ngli{h Plantations^ have of late Years been known to trade thither in one Year. 7 he Natives , The NAtiveSy as to their (^omfUxionj Stature, Cufiomesy Difpofitions, Laws, Religions j AppAret^ Dyety Hohfes} ♦^c. arc much the fame as thofc inFtrginia^ already treated of y being likewife many different Trihes, or forts of People, and each Govcrn'd by their particular iC^//^. The Government y &c. ofthisCmhtrty, l^ih Province o{ Maryland, his Mayfly King Charles the firil in Anno\6li, granted by Patent: to the Right Honourable Cjtcihm Calvert, Lord Baltemcre, and to his Heirs and AfTignes \ and by that Patent created hi ni, and them, the true and abfolute Lords and Tropriators of the fame, ( fa- ving the Allegiance and Soveraign Dominion doc to his Mayfly, his H. ' *, and Snccefllurs ; ) there- Maryland. by likewife granting to them all Royal jHrifdi6ti- ^^^^ Go-. ens, and Frerogarivesboih Millitary and Civil \ as ^^'^"^^* power of enacting Laws, Martial Laws, making oiWar, and Peace, pardoning of Offences, Con- ferring of //(^^('//rj, ^«»y«i;/^ of i^t^w^j', &c. And in acknowledgment thereof, yeiiding and paying yearly to his Majedy his Heirs and Succeffors* t\fro Indian Arrows zt Wind for Caftle in the Coun^ ty of 'Berkji oh Eafter Tnefday ; together with the Fifth part of all the (79/^ and 5«7t/fr 04rr that (hall Be found there. For the better inviting of people to fettle here, his Lordfliipi by advite of the General Jffmhly of >«■ ■ ^- it u The Names of the ipL Maryland. thztPrevwet, kkthloi^rinceeftablifhcd nMoJtl of good and wholfome L^ws for the cafe and bene- fit of the M4^iM;ir/« with totleration o^ Religion^ to all forts that profcfs the Faith of Cbrifl : which hath been a principal motive to many to fettle un- der that (jovernment^ rather then in another where liberty of Confciencc was denyed them. Its Dmfim intoCoKntieu This Provinci where it is peopled with EH' lUjh» ts fevered into loCoumies ; to wit, 5 £a(l- wards ofChefofeak^Bay , as Cecii, Dorchefttr^ Kent, Sommcrfifj andTalbot ; and 5 weftwards of the fatd *B4y , as Ann-Arnndd , BaUfmon, figuntics. Caivfrf^ Charles and St, Maries, And in every one of thefc Conmies, there is held an inferiour Ctf/fr^ every two months for fmall matters^ from which there lycth Appeals, to the Provincial Court, held at St. Maries, Here are likewife certain Magifirates appointed by his Lordfhip in each County^ as Sheriffs , Jufiices of the Peace, &c. Their To*^ns. The Inhabitants ( being in number at prefent a- bout 16000 ) have begun the building of fevcral Teptiis, which in few Years 'tis hoped may come to feme perfection ; as Calverton^ Herrington^ nnd fUrvy^Topttt, all Gommodioufly fcated for the beiie(if:ofTr4^, andconveniencyofSil»pfiVi^,but iheplkidpal Town is St. Maries, feated on St. it. "Maries Georges Rii/er, bdag beautified with divers welU iXowa. baitt Honfet^ and \% die chief place or fcale of Trade for the Province, where the Gwernowr the Right Honorable the Lord Baltemore bath hi9 Houfe^ and virhcrc the General jijfentbly^ and andPrfl, pes k doth re ftant wl And f< mwr , ^ernmet ciU &t ^1® ^cd a Modil ifc and bene- "^ift : which to fettle uii- other where in. ^ndPfo^n^iMl Courts zTchMt and TnHt^Hi Of- pees kftt ^ but at prefent the faid Covtrnom^ doth refide at tMntM^any^ about 8 Miles di- flant where he hath a fair and pleafant Houfg. And for the better adifting the faid Govtr- now , in matters that concerns the (7a« vernmem of the ^rdvime , he hath his €o«i^^ cil, &c. ^S '''I ,1> d With £h» vity^ Eaft. Dorchefttr^ weftwards Baictmore, d in every n inferiour tters, from Provincial e likewife -ordfhip in Peace, &c. i-**i»i i^iigi4»flgB«^«SirtigifS»^^^*B^4» prefent a- of fcvcral tnay come ngton^ and cd for the tfing^ but cd on St. ,■ rers well' ■I r fcale of rnoHf the vxi*:^-,.. ^ore hath • iffn^ly^ and ^' 7 <-^ » y.j l\- ' %' m i/ «P E S C R IP T I O N OF New^r ^i(. Djoyring to Mary-LAnd^ Northwards, , is .a Gplony called, iS/ew-ror^, froix* his Royal Hi^hnej^e the Duke of r^rk, the Prrirftfr thereof by grant from his Ma- r; ' jcfty, and is that part of iV(Pw.£«^/4»flf which the "^ X>« an4 well Defended and Maintained with Men, and - ' AmmHnition, The Ti^tr;! is Inhabited by the ^/i- gli^^ and Dutch^ and hath a confiderable Trade with the Indians, for the Skins o^Elkj, Deer^ "Bears. &c. Alfo forthofeof^Sfv^r, Otter, and other FMrrj ; and doth likewife enjoy a good trade with the Englifi. The Natives, This Countrey is alfo pofleffed with fundry forts of people^ not much unlike the Indians oi l^irginia^ being well-proportioned , Siouti Swar' thy J Blackjjaired, very expert in their Bow 9 and Arrows, wb'ch are their chief weapons of Wr^f. ^ijc dj(i They are courteous to the Englijb» of a ready pofition of Wit, and very apt to receive Inilru^ions from thcNativci them ; upon the lead Offence, the man turnetti away his wife, '^nd marrielh again, and the ChiU dren b^gotte^ by her, (he taketh with her, th^ Man not regarding them. Fornication is here permitted. , They obferve feveral Ceremonies in their Religious Rites, and are faid to worfhip the Devil, whom they greatly fear. Their Priefis ' are no better then Sorcerers, who ftrangely be- witch thefe filly Creatures, When j^ny woman findeth her felf quick with Child, (he keepeth her- feif chad, or untouched by man until her delivery, the like (he obferv^th in the lime of her giving Stick. A ftrangc cuftom which our European Dames \ ■ ■ I V' ' i:4 ¥ ■ 1^1 Nen^^Tort(. 7}mis would not well like of! They are very o^ |)edieiit and loving to their JCf Iff/ .* They believe the TranfmigrdtioH of the S^m ; and concerniag thtCrcationoftheiVtfr^ have (Irange fintafti. cat opinions. They are much addiQed 10 Dmu- fing^ Sf§rts, and Re€reatiafis , obferving FeJH- vmI Time/, fllieir HaS Their HaUt is but mean, as the reft of the In- hit^oAdy- di4ns J yet do ihey Paint and befmear their sti §c^' pgcis with Asveral Colours by way of Orna- ment. Their Dyet and ffabiutions are alfo as mean. They are much addi^led to go to Wars againft one another, and do feldome give quarter to a> ny but the Women and Children , whom they preferve> and make ufe of for the encreafing their ftrcngth. *: ' ^•^ ftm^ ■k n % t%%%%ttt1Mktttt%Wk !t' DESCRIPTION o F hi Scitmtion, NEw England is fcatcd North of tPdary^ Und^ which according -o the report of Capt. Smithy hath 70 Miles of Sea Caafi^ where are found divers good Havens j fome of which are capable to harbour 500 fail of Shifs from the fury of the Sea, and Winds, by reafon of t}\e interpofition of {evefal I fits ( to the number of about 200 ) which lie about this Coaft. And although this Conmrey is feated in the midft of the Temperate :^one^ yet is the Clime . ^ ,- .. more uncegain, as to the Heat and Cold^ then JioiJ,^""^ thofe Etenfean Kittgdomes ^ which lie pMfal^ (r/ with it pandas to Afr^»>f 14, this may be com^* fat^d^s Scotland 19 to Mfi^latiJ» Thft/fir. The ^#V IS here found very healthful, $nd vcrf agrccj^ble to the Englifit» whiph a]^k(9 ihw Jjof- fefs many potent ^/«jMf/. w^f^ It ' \ I. ^!? ■: «^ ^evp-EugUnd. Its Inbahitantsi The Dif- This Cfittntrey is poflciTcd by divers forts of /^w- poficion ofpie, \9hozte Governed by their particular Kin^j^ thcNatives and do much differ in Cnftomes, and Manners, much like from one another, as thpfc Indians inhabiting in Vtrnniftf ^^^y^^^^i y^^^Z^ni^i ^nd other parts of America, ' And to live generally at variance with each other. They have their feveral Towns and fettlemems, and their Riches doth confifl in their Fursj and Skins^ which they fell to the £w^/ai/?;. Whenfirft Inhabited by the En^liJIi, This Conntrey became firfc to be a Colony of the €nglijh about the Tear 1605, being granted by TAtentitom King James, :o certain proprietors lind^r the name oTthe Fly month Company ^ but di- vers years were fpun out, with great expcnccs, and not without fundry cafualties befalling on ths jidventwrtrs^ before it became any thing confidc- rable, and ina fetlcd condition. i'A Their Rivers andFi^K m\ I.I "' ThisCo«;?/y Smelts^Seli^ Lampronsy eyilemvesy Btuffes^^ ho/iibufs^ Sharkij Ualesy Cramppu, ^nd Whales, " V // - Thfir New*England. Their Fowls^ and Birdii U Here are great variety of Fowfs, as ^Phefants^ \ Partridges J Htsth Qicks , Tnrkfys , ^eefe ^ I'DttckSj Herons^ C^^^^s^ ^ormornnts^ Swms^ \widgtnsi Sheidrdkss, SnifeSy Dopftrs^ BMUrdig \the Hnmhirdf Loon, &c. The 'Beaftsy both Tame and Wil4^ The Wild Beafts of chief note, a^e Lyons, Beari^ \Foxes^ Rackoons, Moofes^ tJ^iffqH^Jos i Otters^ \ Severs, Deer, Hares, Coneys, ^c, And (or Tamp Beajhj Covps, Sheep, Goats, SUpine, and Horfei, Amongft the hurtful things in this Coumrej/y the riurtful Rattle- Snake \s mod dangerous. Here arc alfo things, fcvefal forts of Stinging F/^fx ; which aire foOnd very troublcfomc to the Inhabitants, " Their Trees, and Fruit i, ricre arc fandry forts of "IVf^i, astheO^f, OfrvJtfci frta, Pinei Chefnm, C^tdar, ^almit, Firr, jiflj^ jifp9 Elm, Alder^ Maple, 'Birch, Safafras, Su- wach, fever aI Fruit Trees, ^s Apples, Pears, Plumbs ^ with feveral others that^arc growing in V'irginia^ and Mary-land, which I have ahxady tooR no^ lice of. Their Commodities, and Trade This QtHntrty affordetft feveral forts of ricb^p^„<,, tursi Flax^ Linnin, Jimber, Jrbn, *Titeh, 7Vr, dines atni Cables, Mafisy and Timber 10 byild Ships , alfoTrado. fcverarl forts of (7Mi«, &c. The Inhabitants drive a confiderabfd Trade to ^0}f4dotSi and other our American T tarnations^ i ;^l^ ' in fupplying tbcm with Flower, Bi^k^t^ Sah^ f /^J andF>/fe, &c. And in return bring S^r^^irj, and o| ther Commodities*, as well for their own ufe, asi fell again. They alfo drive a confiderable Tr^l \^\i\i 6 ngUnd^ox wearing Jlpi^arel^ Stuffs, Sim C loath , feveral Vtenftls for their Houfes^ /roJ Brafs^ and fuch like thir gs that are ufeful to maii| i^nd not found amongft t hem. As to the Coyns, heights, and ^^eafnres ofl New-England^ and the re it of the iArnerm\ FUmations belonging to his cyHajefiy, they arc] the lame with thofc oi London^ but as to (lym^ they are not much made ufe of in Jrade^ their I way being Bartering, of one Commodity for ano. thcr 5 but at Jamaica they have plenty of Spani^ Coins, and at Tiarbadoes thofe of England, the Snglijh now Inhabiting in New-Englani^ are very numerous, and powerful, having a great many Towns, many of which are confiderable. The EngUfi government. The Gof- The Inhabitants are Governed by Laws of their ^?T^' own making, and have their feveral Courts, and Labitanw" P^**^^* of Judicature^ and afTemble together, at of New their let times, and places, as wc*^ for the making England. ofNewZ.^n?/, abolirtiingof Old, Hearings and Determining o^Caufes ; as for the Ele^ion of a Kjovernour, ^Defuty-Goverrtcur, ^Jftftants, But' gejfes, Siud other Magiftrates, (every Town ha- ving two Burgeffes ) each County Annually E* leding fuch like Officers, for the looking after the like j^ fairs in the faid Colony, And in matters that concern Religion and Church Government, they arc very (ktiCi and make a great (heWj being much of . ftc ftamp of th€ Ricgid Frejhyterisn/; fhi NetP'^Englancfi The Totvns, i -■ ',> ..■•,-.' here are fevcral Towns, osBofton^ the Metro' JSopon] pliioi New- England t Commodic fly fcated foe Tmjique on the Sea- (bore • It is at prefcnt a very largcandfpaciousTlpn^w, or rather City^ conipo- fed oi feveral W^ell-ordered Streets ^ and graced with fair and beautiful Hcnfesj which are well Inhabited by t^erchants, and Tradefmen^ who drive a confiderablcTr/j^^/or fuch Commodities as the Ceuntrey affordeth, to Barhadoest and the o^ thcr Caribbee Jflesi as alfo to JEngUnds^W'^ IttUnd-^ Taking in Exchange fuch Commodities asf each place affordeih, or arc found ufeful to them. \t is a place of a good ftrengtb^ having two or three HiHs adjoining, on which are raifed Fortifications ^wiih great 'Pieces mounted thereon , Which aire well guarded. Charles'Toppfiy featedonand between the ^i'c^^yi^^ yetsCharUsQnd Mtfiick^) it is beautified with ajowa* large and well-built Churchy and near the River fide is the Markst-pUce, from which runneth two fireetsy in which are divers good //o/«/^/. Dorchefitr fcituate near the fea ^ where i^^^^ Dwchejlet faJieth in two RivnUts. An indifferent Torvn, Cambridge formerly New -Town fcated od thcQw^^iri^' River Merrimeck : this Town confiftcth of fcveraF Streets^ and is beautified with two Colledges^ and i divers fair, and well-built //o»/i/. St» Georges-Fort^ feated on the mouth of the Ri ^t.Gm^u VCr Sagadebock* Fort* Netv^TlimoHthf fcated on that large Tay of *PotHXed, Reading , eommodioufty feated about a gf eat &^rf^,Vi». Pond^ and well- Wateted, and Inhabited, In this O 1 Town M't i li ■i| Town arc two ^/^/, one for Corn, and the other for Ttmtftr. Salmi Salem y plcafantly feated between two Rivers, • Other Towas placed Alphabetically. Berwick J Braintree ^ Briftol ^ Concord , Dart- woHthy Dedham, Dovef, Exeter^ FalmoHth% Glo- cefter^ (jreens-HttrvoHrf Httm^ion^ Hartford, Ha- vcrhil, Hingbcm^ HhU, Jpfvpitfh, Lin, Mnldt,^ New-hftry^ Ntvp-Havon ^ Nor t bam, Norrvichj Oxford, Eowley^ Roxbury , SalubMry, Sandmch^ SoHtharr'ftm , Springfield, Sudhury , Taunton, Water Town, ^enham , V\!eymoHth , V^oburnt, SiTidTarm uthi Moft of thefe Towns beareth the names from thofe in England, and many of them arc of good account, being commodioufly feated, either on the Sea- Shore, or on Navigable Rivers, and arc welKnhabited. And moft of thofe Towns zxt known to the Indians by other Names. M ■1. R! ' )■ Jft H n, and the other een two Rivers. ibctically. Concord, Dart- , FaimoHth» Glo- ^^ Hartford, Ha. Lin J Mulde,^ ham^ Ncrwichj tMrjiy Sandwich^ Hty, Taunton , mh^ VJobarntt the names from em arc of good lated, either on Rivtrs, and arc ofc Towns are nes. «|»####|'i*-f •###§#### D E SCRIPTI O N OF •^ :^(eif-F0V3XT>^la:i^, N icui-! Jft EwfoHndland is An J/land in Extent equal- ^. to England, from whence it is diftantjiQ^/ little above 600 Leagues , lying near half way between Ireland^ and Virgma. It isfcituated betwixt the degrees of 46^ and 53, of Northern L Beafts which ycild good Furrs : And though not over-run generally with Woods ^ it doth afford ( befides ftorc of Fervel ) abundance of (lately Trees.' Trees, (it (ot Timber ^ tJ^afis, PUnkj, and fun- dry other ufcs. V G 3 7he ;!• Tl 10^ , Ui T^ctP'Found'Land, %• m m The foyl and Climate, The Soyl in moft places is reputed fertile • the Climate wholfomc , though the rigour of the VS!inter fcafon, and the exceis o{He^ts in Shmmer^ dorh dctraO fornething from its due praife. How Inhabited^ ftslnhabi- The North and Weft part of this Coumrey the imh Native'IndUm Inhabit, though but few in num- ber,, and thof*c a more rude and favage fort of Peo- ple then thofe of i\r^»v-£«^/^»^ and other placc^ tn the adjacent Continent, already taken notice pi "'•-■'■• ' ■ { Nevfi found-Land fir ft difcovercd l^y the EngUjh, The I/land of New-fomd Land was firft difco- vercd by the Englijh^ who arc the true ^Proprietors thereof, excluding all Forreign right, and jufti- fying the fame to belong to the Crown of England only, whofe Intered hath been there continued by feveral , under the Reigns of divers Kings and Queens, In the year 1623, Sir ^eorge Calvert Knight, thcnPrhQipalSecyetaryoi StatCf and afterwards iLi £alte0ore^ obtained a Patent of part of New- found' land 'y which was erefted into a Province^ and called -^^'<«/fl«$ where he caufed a Plantation to be fetled, and a &!ite\^ Houfe ai\d Fort to be buiitat Ferryland, and afterwards Tranfported hirafelf and Family thither, arid continuing the Plantation by his Deputy^ till by defcent ( after his Loidfhip5 deccafc ) it came to his fon and heir tfcc Right Honorable C^^icfV/fAf, now Lord 'Baltemore, W'hqbfVcpHtie^i^^va iiiiic to tiri;?j Was no Icfs gtijhth^ true Pro- J>rietors ofiVew-' Eoun4- Weld. ^dhemDre prietorof f n ATe^-T founts' [arcful to prcfcrve bis Intcrefl: there, which though during the lalt troubles in England it /as by Sir David Kirks nacans, for fome years dtf- [ontinucd, he was foon reinvefted in the fame by lisMajeities moil happy Reftauration. There is no part of N ew-Fonnd- Land gene nWy ..ore happy for multiplicity of excellent Bayi^ [i\d Harbours^ the J this l^revince, and where vaft luantiticsof Ftjh ore yearly caught by the J5/i- lifhj efpecially d^t ferry land, and the B ay o{ Bulls ^ lut the wboi'j Coaft of the Ijland, affords infinire ienty of Cod, and T*oor^John, which is the chief >m9dity of the Jjle^ which is grown to a fetled yade, tor thefe many years, to the enrichment oi II thofe that Trade thither. tA great hank of Land. ^^9ioi Newfoundland, over against Cape'Ray^ Agrtix Mthediftance of about 70 miles, lyeih a great ^anl^ <>f Bank of Land, •f about 300 wt/a in Length, and^^""^ lot above Seventy five in Breadth, where broa- left. It lies under the Sea many Fadoms deep, fo |he Ships ofaconfiderabie Burthen may ride over it:and about tl«s% Bank lies difperfed feveral jmall Jflesj called by St, Sebafiion Cabot ( the firft (Jifcoverer ) Los "Baccaloos, or the Ifles of Cod-fijh, From the prodigious quantities of Cod'f(h there t'ound, which were faid. to obdruCt the paffagc bf his Veffels. ^ The Trade to this JJland, The French, Dutch, Bifcaners, and other Na- a great tions that yearly Trade hither amounting to be be- Trade |tween 3 or 400 r.'■ !?' m Theprefent State c^ocrsy in a few days after on a holy-day as rtcf vciJ&iMafTe* fell upon them, and became their Mafters. Whereupon as having before pra{\iccil the Trade of Piracy, they armed all the Veflellj they could ma^'^ themfelvcs Mafters of, and in a ihort time had : Sail inCtfr/tf.-Thjy built then likewifc the CajJ^KS where the publiqu''- Trca- fure is kept< and the principall Magazine foi /^rmes and provifionSj and formed a government by a Duan^ who was to fet every Saturday to con- fult of private affairs \ Till in the year of the HegirUj 8io. in rcfpeft to the Grand Seignior they admitted Bajhaws of his, to precide in the Duan^ and to govern them: the Command of the Cajfaks only keeping in their hands ; the firft whereof was called Ofman' Bajhaw j allowing 1 1^^^^ them i2ooDoIlars/>*r >^«««woutofthe pay, be. I /^pL fides the Allowance of all forts of provifions for his ■ ^"^ whole Family and Officers. Under thcfc Bajham, who above the faid allo'W- ance found ways to exadt great Treafures from the t^00r'/and Inhabitants, infomuch that fonic of them after their ordinary 3 years Refidcnce have been known to carry away 200000 Dollars. be- fides Jewels, c^c. They lived in great obedience notwithftanding all the (aid oppremons, untillthe time of Vfnjf Bajhaw a gallant Prince, and one that made it more his bufmefs to encreafe the Con. quefts againft the Moors , then to Maflc up wealth : For which reafon then upon the Petition of the publique Dnan his Commiflion by the (Jr4»^5f/f»wr was renewed. He took ^cnflan- tme from the Moors, BugU from the Chriftians, and 'BonA from the Tunifeens, Marched with his Army into the Zachary bodayes Sc, and continued bisGorqucfts 4mor»rhs march towards JInfoU, ail which are 10 this day tribut? ry to ^l^ien : fo having prefer 15 yc been a the pa care VI mony rcquii veryt |ed in t dyed imurtl (ferve ■ peice (hips came 'BhI^ alia wou fairs *' 1 9^'h^ W 'ate a holy-day as tliq and became their g before prad^iccd ?d all the VcflfcHj afters of, and in a "Thjy built then r publiqu". Trca- all Magazine fa ed a government (Saturday to con- I the year of the i Grand Seignior o precidc in the Goramand ojf tlic hands ; the firll fJh4Wj allowing It of the pay, be. provifionsforhis ve the faid allow- Treafures from much thatfome 's Refidcnce have oo JDollars.be' great obedience mons, untillthc Prince, and cnc icreafe the Con- n to Maffe up )on the Petition miflion by the e took (^onfian- the Chriftians, arched with his and continued wards JinffoU, fo tyilgicrs : fo having 9f Algiers. having been 2 years in the Camp, he returned in great Triumph , accompanied with all the popu- lar applaufes imaginable. But all this could not favc him from the fccret confpiracy of his Kya , who having had the f weetnefs and benefit of the pay, in his abfence made a fa^ion againft him, Imurthcring him in the Badifian or Market-place , "lin the year 1642. ;{ Since v^hich time though they have received the iSajhaws, fcnt by the Grand Seigniory yet have Ithey never admitted them to fit in the Dnan^ or to Jmeddle with publick affairs , but have been Me- ^zuled« receiving only their ancient allowance ; jThe extraordinary Revenue^ being wholly taken laway : So that his place being of not (b great pro- iHt as was formerly, it hath not been fo greedily «i fought for at the Onowan Port .• Witnefs this prefcnt Bafliaw Jfmael^ who hath lived here now 15 years , after the faid Rebellion there has • been a perfon chofcn out of the Dnan to fit over the pay, and had the ftile of Governour ; to hiv .care was committed the receipt and payment of all imony brought into the publique, and his prefencc Required at the pay of the Soldiers , which is e- 1 very two months .* 1 3 perfons have fince fucceed- ed in this Office , whereof/ finde but one to have fdyed in his bed, others having been poifoned or imurthered by fome means or other : The lad that ffcrved in this Office was ^ly ^yi^a : and cut in ■pcicesby the Soldiers in the year 1672. after the (hips were burnt at Buiia^ when the faid uily Aga came to the government. The Duan confined of 'SHigabaJhees » Teohajheetj and Teondabajheef , in all about looo perfons : befides the Soldiery would come into the Dnan upon any forrein af- fairs that was to be debated ; fo that it was a Rab* ftle of people^ and confufed multitude y vntillhe found "hi I m ii The prhfetit State found to reduce them to 48 of each Quality before mentioned, vix., i44pcrfon8in all, whereof he was the head. The day chat he was murthered, all the Soldiers were in arms* in great conffiuon; fomc that were of his party tied and efcapcd, and others were kil'd in the ilreet« and in their houfes, The Bapjavp then brought out the Orand Sei^nwi Bundara^ and made Bargain that all the Soldiers fhould come under it,which was readily fubmitieii to } So that 'twas believed the Bajhaw would be brought into the Kings houfc or place of J udica. ture, and the former authority of his prcdeccflW not only reftorcd, but alfo the Keys of the C.^fiii given to him j When in the Middle of the Tumuir, a bolder fellow then the reft, cry cd out, to brin^ in t^ahomet RaisTreigy formerly Admiral^ but atlhattimeindifgrace, this cry was fecondcd by all the Sea-faring People, andinlefle then half an hour it was determined to fetch Treig to the Kings houfe. The Old-man knew not whither they came to Kill or Crown him, but as foon as he came there, he was given toundcrftand, that they hadchofenhimGovernour, which he obiiinatcly refufcd, untill fome that occafioned his comi; g thither, cryed, Father, will you let us fufferby your humility ? upon which he made a bold fpecch to the Soldiers, telling them wlthall, if they gave the Government into his hands, he would be ab folute, and no ways controlled by the Dttan ; whofe counfell he would willingly adhere unto, butthedecilBveVotetobe leftto him : they un- willing to refufe him any thing at that tin^e, did above all things deliver unto him the Keys of the Ca^ake^ ncvcr before in the pofleflion of one man, but kept by icfghty 'Bfflgahajhees that attended there by turns j 80 every week going upland exchanging the other 8q. and fo proclaim- ing inte Dir T that wcl char ' foth vcrn and , acls ; Dey DH4i ; T\ , City \ istak i ner c ] ChoHJ i Trunr * i2o:( He is lKUt\ : decid ! Inhab InalC Dey:, ^isto< jcesol tlyini *Bobh> ther i hasb aCtec ate ch Quality before I all, whereof he was murthcred, igreatconffiuonj nd cfcapcd, and id in their houfcs. 5 Grand Seigmon t all the Soldiers readily fubmitred Ufij(tw would be place of Judica. f his prcdeccflof eysoftheCi/i^f Ic of the Tumult, ycdout, tobrin^ rly Admiral, bui was fccoiided by leflc then half an Vf/f tothc Kings ot whither they It as foon as he rftand, that they :h he obitinarely ncd his comiig let us fufferby de a bold fpecch ill, if they gave c would be ab by the Dnan ; y adhere unto, him : they un- that tirfie, did i€ Keys of the ion of one man, that attended week going id fo proclaim- ing of Algiersk iogbimbytbeHamcofi>«;f; making him fup^- intcndant over all the Militia by Sea and Land j Director of the Cadiesy and head of ihe D/tan. To his alTulance they joyncd 'Bobba Hnffan^ one ? that married his Daughter ^ a itout Turk, and I well learned in the Ol^^hometan Law .• To his I charge is committed all receipts and payments ; ' fo that he has the fame Office , the former Go- ^ vcrnours had *. he is intitled the Veys Lieutenant, .' and General of the Army out of the City. He i adsinallrefpedls with as abfolute power as the i Dey himfelfandncitherof them makes ufe of the . Dmn for any thing but trifling affairs. There is alfoan eAgti or Lord-Major of the City exchanged every two months : This Office \ istaken gradually, as will be feen in the Man- ner of the Militia ; he is attended by 8 Grand ] Choufes, and feveral other Officers , hath Drums, J Trumpets, and other mufick allowed him, and 1 120:0. dollars to defray the charge of his J^gajhip. He is the fccond perfon in the Dnan^ and has a ^ Kia rhat a^s like a Chamberlain of the City» and decides all differences that happen between one ! Inhabitant and another, unlefsit be fome crimi- InalCaufej and then he carries them to the i Dey ^ ora Caufe in Law about the Title of houfes, I &c. and then he fends them to the Caddi, who »is to determine the matter CJratis : All other pla- ]ces of truft , Civill as well as Military, are whol- ly in the difpofal of the Dey, or his Lieutenant Tobba Hajfan 5 who fo well underftand each o- ther in the Government, that hitherto nothing has been contradi^ed what one has propofed or aCled. I. The City confifts of feveral forts of people 8 Cololisy or the Sons of Turks born here ; which for (hemoftpartare brought up to handy-Crafc Trades. f I •I K< m ^ The pnfeni StMte Trades. Fof fincc the time of MaharMm Bajhaw^ which wa?» ill the year 1625. the ColoU , made a conVpiracy againft the Government, and feiied on the Cdjfake^ and blew it up, Wherein was by cliimation 500 barrels of powder, hoping by thij means to bring the Government into their hands, but they were ptefently overcome .• And it was then decreed, that none ofthe^/», with an allowance of 12000. Dol- lars pfr^«««w, and Doctors, Chyrurgeons, and jApothecarys , and two Fathers of the Order of Saint TrwV)/, to fayMafs. There is alfo a Vicar- general t who hath an allowance of 6000. Dollars j^tranrtHmi from out of France^ being left as ^ Legacy by the Old DutchcfTe of Or/^/?;?/ : All the H aforenamed !>i r J'- M ^^- 8 The prefent State aforenamed people are commanded by th^ u U4mT\itkSj which in all exceed not 16000. Ou; of which they have 3. Camps, or marching An mies , and 1 3. Garrifons to be fupplycd , bcfidcs the Ships, and Gallyes at Sea : So that in the Town , to govern this vaft multitude , is fcldonic kft more then two thoufand Soldiers. It would fill a great Volume to relate thedi> ferences and herefies they have one among the o- thcr in their Religion, but all the Mahometans fre. quent one and the fame M;.rquesy and Churches, and are not fo inveterate one againlt the other as the feveral feds among the Chriliians. The Militia confills of two foris of Soldiers, of which the principal are the Levant Turks,brought hither yearly by Ships, that arc employ 'd in thai fervi'ce, asoccafion requires : At their firil: en- trance into the pay, they are called Totwg Turks, and have 4. doubles fer month , and 4 loaves of htt^^L per diem ^ and a lodging in the Cajhj.ree or publick Quarter j his pay cncreafes one dodlt pfr annum , and one doHble every time he goes in- to the Camp, and engages againll: the Enemy, and one double for every head cc brings from the Enemy. At the death or removall of any Ba^m^ Deyot Governour, the pay cncreafes one douk />fr month, untillhis pay amounts to 40 donhk per month, and his bread to 8 loaves, per dm^ and then he is in full pay , and can rife no higlici jn pay although he has never fo high an Office, So that the D^i himfclf his pay is no more then 40 doubles per month , and 8 loaves of brea(j, though he has other perquifites, c^c, that amount! to a vail but an unknown Turn. A Soldiers fir fl; preferment is to be a Sp^ffi(^\ Troopet.- froma5/» who have a banyard to keep their flavcs, /whereof there are 3 according to the Number of the Gallyes , to each whereof belongs 300 Haves, but of whofc Ranfomes the Armadors draw no finall profit ; buying them commonly for an incon fiderable price, and not granting them their Liber- ty igiin but at high rates ; the poorelt of them pays 1000 double Sj or about 300 dollar s^ pori- charges included. . ^ The Territories of Algiers are bounded ontli«| ' eaft with Tnniiy within 2 days march of that C\\\ is a Town celled ^^li^j^^;?^;;, where is a gairi Ton0f 2oSoldier$ fent from Algiers 1, the ycarl|| Tribute brought frrom thence ts 20000 doubles, * The next is Tibnifa, a garrifon of the liki force, and paid the fame Tribute of 20000 doM' per Annum, ;o to Sea, one Uch Ship, whofc locate^ and has? men the Captain, tnt on board by feturn any diffe, [d in time of the larcs. prize, as wdi Hp, are fold by :ept entire untill ubiickpartisde. ers (hare the reil ;d out but in tie e to the j^rmadorsl icnany purchafc 1^ out a Galley is known to be veryl keep their flavcsj o the Number o[| >clongs 300 flavcsj irmadors draw lonly foraninconj them their Liber-i poorccl of l( 00 dollars^ poril re bounded on tiitl laroh of that Citj[ where is a garrij liers ; the ycarllj 20000 dauhhs, rrifon of the likJ ' of 20000 donm of Algiers. 1\\ci\e^thBifcaryt it lies Se from Al^ims 15 'days Journey, hath a garrifon of 100 Soldiers, and pays Tribute 1 20000 doubles per Annum • The ^ Soldiers of £ifcary upon their yearly exchange, in 4hcir march home, receive their yearly tribute of thirty Negroes from 1 place called WorgoU, The next is*(}nfiarjtine, a famous andilrong City, fo well feated and fortified, that 100 Soldi- ers lying in garrifon are able to defend it againft loooo ; and pays tribute ^ ^0000 doubles . The next to Covjt amine is Bona Haf^, a garri- fon of iQo Soldiers, and pays joooo donbles fer Annum^ 100 kenta lis of butter. The next is2l/ gnrnton 7 ifc »4 U ■0. ^ Theprepnt State garrlfon confifls of loo Soldiers, and pays ioqooo douifUsfer Afmnm, The next to Trimafin is Cola Sana Rajhat, hart 20 Soldieis^and pays tribute 20000 ilonhles pr ^ The next is Muftagartt^i fine T6wn well fortified on the Sea-fide, has agarrifon of 100 Soldiers, and pays tribute to the Bey^ looooo donbUs \^ Befides thefe is Sherjheli^ Dellta^ Collia^ Bet^n, d^ilyeane y Maffona, Medden, and diverfeo. ther Towns inhabited by the Moors, and feveral Turks are marriedj and live among them. FortheColledionof thefc contributions of all thefe parts, arc 3 Camps yearly fent forth, be- fides the forementioned garrifon, who are ycarlf relieved .• To each of thefe Camps is a Itey or §; | ^ mrall that farms the ContributioUt The firft Camp is called the Shurt Mthalks^ commanded by Naradine "Bey^ and rangeth all the Eafl, as far as their utmoft bounds to the Eaft. wards, his Army confifts of 50 Tents, in each Tent is 40 Soldiers, he pays ^0000 doubles fir The fecoridis Muhalla Titter a, ox the South. ward Kamf, They confiit of 1 5 Tents, and 2co Spabeesj they arecommandcd by Df/Z^^f^ ; who gathers contribution 60 days journey Southward, from whence he brings many Negros of Jlfi^oh, and fometimes gold, having farmed it for 1 15COO doMesfer Annum . . 'The third is ('Arpe Mahalias^ o^ thjE V/eto A'^w'/p, they confiftof 60 Tents, and gather con- tribution \yithin 2 days journey Oi >;?;., and all the Weft Vv^ard parts from Jlgierfi This Camp is Comraanided by Btv Apia M(;lm^ brother to the iCapt^i?,! that ivas tak^n>ir. the Ahicr Frmt he m late and pays 100003) UttaRaJhat, hart \oo doubles prAul |(5wn well fortilid of J 00 Soldicrsj )0000 donblts m , Collia^ BeeL and diverfeo. oors, and feverall ng them, ntribijtions of all y fent forth, be- , who arc yearly | ps 15 Si It ey or J; ind rangethalithej mds to the Ealt. D Tents, in eaclil ^0000 dohbles fir ^a, or the South. Tents, and 200 I Df lie Bey; who rney Southward, egros of j^n^oh, oeditfor 115C00 py thjB y/eftern and gather con- 01 Sezi., and all v* This Camp is fc^, brother to the fj^icr Fri^at, he :• :' P rtfC of Algiers. pays the publlck 5000 donbles per Anrtitm] Befides the Revenues^ the City of >%fVr/ re« ccivcs from the handicraft-Trades, 1 8 1 80 Dollars fer Annum, The Jews pay 2886 Dollars fer Annum. the Farmers of the wax and hides, pay 85000 dollars per Annum, The French pays for the Corall Fifliing at Bafti- pn, 2^000 do\hts per Annum, The Genovees pay for the privilcdgesthey enjoy upon Tabarca loooo dollars />ffr Annum, The Cudome of goods may amom . to 20000 ioWatsferoAnnum. Moreover if any Turk dyes without any heir lawfully begotten^ his whole eftate goes to the publick ; if he has one or more Daughters^ the goods of a Turk are given to the Daughter ^ but of a Moor, a daughter cannot inherit. This brings in an unknown and vad Rev<^nue ; It hath been computed fome years to amount to 4000CO doU lars. From the poor flaves arifes no fmall profit to the publique, for after the flaves arc fold at the £a» diftanox Market-place, they arc carrycd to the Kings houfe and out-cryed again ; where every farthing that is more offered for them then was in the Badiflan, turns to the benefit of the publique; bcfidcseven llaves pays 15 dollars for his head and 10 per Cent, for fo much as he is redeemed for. Addc to this the eighth of all prizes &what clfe is exacted bv many avenues laid upon all forts of people^ which all amounts to a vaft and unknown SumofMony. Every 2 Montfcs they pay the Soldiers, and whatmonyis found remaining is fent up to the Cajfaksy from whence tVcy have never yet taken any thing ; So that a ir epc of \v calth is tclievcd to • ■ i be «5 4 .\ t -I if 1 6 The prefent State be therein, and might defray the charge of an Army fit to take both that and the Citj/'^ when it was blown up by the Cololis^ that part ftood where the Trcafure is, and received little or no damage. - The trade of Algiers is the mofl inconfiderable of any great popular City in the World, depcn- ding chiefly upon the fucccfTc of their piracies. Among the Turks I do not findc ten Merchants as they only ufe to Thnis and Alexandria, from whence they arc ftfpplyed with Linnen Gloath, Ceflfee, and other Merchandizes. The handicrafts men are chiefly CololU or Sons of Turks, being incapable of any office in the co- vernmcnt, arc brought up to earn their bread, and are improved in their fcvcral Arts. Every trade and profeflTion hath an Em^in or Mailer of the Company whofe care is in effe f he i^nne oi London. T he Golden Lyon Q^'^an^yy, The Tj&o. andl/W<«iE»£ w of London- The Hopewell of Fnlmoutb. The SuhmijJtoH J{j;tch. The Province Merchant. JlXiSl^mucloi London- . The Maftcrs Names". Pe/Vce S/wif^, jR'.*'er» WiliTamJhn, Geo'-^e Bewes. Chiijiiphr HsvsarA. ^ohn Fdd. Gilhert Wake man. ^ohn Egkfiane, ^ohn J^ruok* Samuel George Mathews, Waltir Davpf, Robert Harni, Jpohn Spurrell. Henry CowelL Jfohn Bahhige, William H;lman» William Feppard, i'homa^ Fallant, ^ohn Smith. William Wraxell, <^nthofty Fittzgerrall d, HenryWickcrs. ^ hn Hangdon, 7honas Rouje. Micheall Barron. ^acoh Leffler, WUiam Shaddock, ^ohn Pjc. Benjamin Levcrton* ^ohn Hitchim* ^ohitDemiell. fojephlSOoljion* 'Ihomas Beecy, ISOiUtamFowell, Walter Elvan. Feapoue FhU^. ^ofeph Bamfiai, HenryHJng. Boniface Gijford. Men Efcapcd, George Lamb, Another Ship uflknowri. ^fgicr March ^. iifjj* ' Number of Mea# f 1% 6 S *^ 1 S ^ 7 9 » «7 lo ' ^9 . Z 40 ! S ^ f 1 a ! ^ 1 s<( 1 > ir ! i Id ! 7 j i^ S4 « Id *> 1 Sf 7 \ f. ^ j ^ I 1 sf ,i ii? ; •*w n / • «f «^ i' ^>' 4 ii ff