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[Y-164.]
IDIGPA-RTMEiNT OF THE) INTERIOR.
TENTH CENSUS OF THE UNITED STATES.
Forestry. ; ^
A CATALOGUE
OF THE
FOREST TREES
OF
ISTORTH ^MERIC^.
BY
OHAELES S. SARGENT,
ARNOLD PHOFBSSOB OF ABBORICULTURE IN HARVARD COLLEGE,
SPECIAL AGENT TENTH CENSUS.
WASHINGTON:
CSK)"VERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.
1880.
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It is proposed to join to the Report, on the Forest Wealth of the
United States, now in course of preparation, a Catalogue of the Forest
Trees of North America, with special reference to their geographical
distribution and economic properties and uses.
Knowledge of this nature in regard to our trees is still so imperfect
that it is impossible to make such a catalogue at all exhaustive without
the assistance of botanists, and others interested in trees and their pro-
ducts, in every part of the country.
Information on the following points is particularly needed.
1. The extreme geographical range of any species.
2. The region and elevation where any species is principally multi-
plied and reaches its greatest perfection.
3. The geological formation most favorable to the multiplication and
development of any species.
4. Dimensions of remarkably developed specimens of any species.
5. The common or local name of ahy species in addition to those
already given.
6. The purposes, however unimportant, for which the wood of any
species is employed.
7. Products of any species other than wood, such as tannin, charcoal,
dyes, i>otash, edible fruit, forage, &c.
Any information or corrections which will serve to make the final
publication more exact and complete will be gratefully received and duly
acknowledged.
To facilitate the collection and preservation of such information the
present preliminary catalogue is now published. The blank pages are
intended for field-notes and corrections. After these are written in, the
whole catalogue, or the notes and observations separately, as may be
most convenient, should be returned to —
CHAELES S. SARGENT,
BrooUine, Ma8s.
FOREST TREES OF NORTH AMERICA.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
MAGNOLIACE^.
Magnolia aotuninata, L.
GUOUMBEB TREE.
Western New York to Jefferson Oounty, Indiana; southward along
the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia and Middle Tennessee.
Wood soft, close-grained ; preferred for pump logs.
A large tree, 60 to 80 feet in heiglit, with a trunk 2 to 4 feet in
diameter. -
2.
Magnolia cordata, Michx.
Ashe County, North Carolina, along the flanks of the Alleghany
Mountains to the Savannah Biver, and in Northern Alabama.
A small or medium-sized tree.
3. Magnolia Fraieri, Walt.
M. aurioulata, Lain.
LONG-LEAVED CUCUMBEE TREE.
Along the flanks of the Alleghany Mountains, from Virginia south-
ward to Central Alabama.
" Wood soft, spongy, very light, and unfit for uae."—{Michaiue f.)
4.
Magnolia glanoa, L.
SWEET BAY. WHITE BAY.
Essex County, Massachusetts, aud from Queens County, Long Island,
to Louisiana and Southern Arkansas ; generally near the coast.
A small tree ; in swamps ; the roots yielding a yellow dye.
5.
Magnolia grandiflora, L.
BIG LAUREL.
Cape Fear River, North Carolina, south to Florida ; west to Texas,
and ascending the Mississippi River as far as Natchez.
Wood soft, easily worked, very white ; probably valuable for interior
work and cabinet-making.
A large tree, 60 to 90 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in
diameter.
7.
8.
9.
10.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
6. If ftgnolia maorophylla, Midix.
LAUOKLUAVKI) MAONOMA TKKK.
Iredell and Liiieol^ CoiiiitieM, North Carolina, to Middle Floiida; and
west of the Allejfhany MountainH, troni HontlieaHtern Kentucky Honth-
wurd through TenneHMee to Central Alabama.
A small tree, 20 to 40 feet in height, with trunk rarely exceeding one
foot in diumoter. Uure.
7.
M. MpeUila, L.
Magnolia Umbrella, Lmn.
UMBRELLA TREE.
York and Lancaster Counties, Pennsylvania, and southward along the
Alleghany Mountains; throughout the Carolinas, (ileorgia, Northern
Alabauui, and westward through Kentucky and Tennessee.
A small tree, rarely exceeding 40 feet in height.
8.
Liriodendron Tulipifera, L.
TULIP TREE. YELLOW POPLAR. WHITE WOOD.
Bennington County, Vermont, south to Florida, and west to Eastern
Kansas.
Wood light, close-grained, strong, easily worked; extensively used for
construction, interior work, shingles, carriage nanels, «Scc.
A large tree, 70 to 100 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to 7 feet in
diameter; one of the largest and most valuable trees of the Atlantic
forests.
ANONACE^.
9. Anona glabra, L.
DC.Pioilr.,i.85. Coult. Bot. Gazette, iii. 2.
Banks of the Caloosa River, and neai Miami, Southern Florida
(Qarher\ and in the West Indies.
10. Asimina triloba, Dunal.
Anona triloba, L.
Uvaria triloba, Torr. & Gray.
PAPAW. ^
Monroe County, New York, and North Erwinna, Bucks County, Penn-
sylvania; south to Florida; west to Fremont County, Iowa, and the
Indian Territory. ,
Wood light and spongy.
A small tree, sometimes i\0 feet in height, or more often a shrub; fruit
sweet and edible.
11.
12.
13.
14.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
6
GUTTIFER^.
11. Clnsia flava, L.
Southern Florida, and in the West Indies.
12.
TERNSTRCEMIACE^.
Oordonia Lasianthus, L.
LOBLOLLY BAY.
Southern Virginia to Louisiiina, near the coast.
Wood reddish, light, brittle, close-grained, of little value.
A tree 50 to CO feet in height, with a trunk 18 to 20 inches in diam-
eter; in swamps; bark rich in tannin.
13.
Oordonia pnbescens, L'Her.
From the Altamaha River, Georgia, near the coast, south to ?
A small tree, rarely exceeding 30 feet in height. Not common.
14.
TILIACEiE.
Tilia Americana, L.
LIME TREE. WHITE WOOD. BASS WOOD.
New Brunswick to the northern shores of Lake Superior, Southern
Manitoba, and through the Northern States to Virginia; south along the
Alleghany Mountains to Georgia; west to the Missouri River and East-
ern Texas.
Wood white, tough, pliable, easily worked ; largely employed in inte-
rior work, turnery, and the manufacture of wooden ware.
A tree GO to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 4 feet in diameter;
the inner bark, macerated, is manufactured into coarse cordage and
matting. Very common in the forests of Eastern America.
var. pnbescens, Gray. •
T. pnleacena, Ait.
North Carolina to Florida, near the coast.
Smaller than the species; in swamps or low ground.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
16.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
Tilia heterophyUa, Vent.
/ (
T. alba, Michx. f.
7. lax\flora, Pursh.
WHITE BASS WOOD.
Alleghany Mountains, Pennsylvania, to Georgia, and westward to the
valley of the lower Wabash Eiver.
A medium-sized tree, rarely exceeding 50 feet in height.
16.
ZYGOPHYLLACEiE.
Onaiaonm sanctum, L.
LIGNUM VIT^.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.
Wood exceedingly hard and heavy.
A small tree. \
17. Porliera angustifolia, Gray, PI. Wright, i. 28.
GuUtoum anguatifoUum, Eugelnt.
Southern Texas (San Pedro Eiver, Eagle Pass, Deadman's Hole,
Pedernales River), and southward into Mexico.
A small tree.
"The hard and heavy yellowish-brown wood is called Chuijaoum about
Saltillo, and is used as a sudorific and in venereal diseases." — {Oregg.)
RUTACE^.
18. Xanthoxylum Garibeeum, Lam.
X. Floridanttm,'Sntt.
SATIN WOOD. .
Southern Florida.
A small tree.
19. Xanthoxylum Clava-Heroulis, L.
X, CaroUnianum, Laui. ; / •; ^
TOOTH-AOHE TREE. PRICKLY ASH.
Southern Virginia to Florida, near the coast j west to Eastern Texas
and Arkansas.
Wood yellow, solid, close-grained.
A small tree, 12 to 20 feet in height ; bark, leaves, and fruit aromatic
and intensely pungent, exciting salivation.
,yr
/
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 8e
20. Xanthozylum Pterota, H.B.K.
Southern Florida, Southern Texas (Fort Mcintosh), and southward
to Brazil.
Wood yellow, dense, exceedingly hard and heavy. ' j -
A small tree. •
21.
SIMARUBE^.
Simambra glauca, H.B.K.
BITTER WOOD.
Southern Florida, and southward through the West Indies to Brazil.
A large tree.
22.
BURSERACE^.
Bursera gummifera, Jacq.
WEST INDIAN BIRCH.
Southern Florida, and southward through the West Indies.
Wood " white, soft, brittle, and seldom put to any use but as fuel." —
{Nuttall.)
A large tree; abounding in resinous gum soluble in alcohol and fur-
nishing a transparent and valuable varnish.
23. Amyris sylvatica, Jacq.
A. Floridana, Nutt.
TORCH WOOD.
Southern Florida, and southward through the West Indies.
Wood "yellowish- white, close-grained, and capable of receiving a high
polish."— (^M«a/L)
A small tree; exceedingly balsamiferous.
24.
MELIACE^.
Swietenia Mahogoni, L.
MAHOGANY.
Lignum Vitte Key, east coast of Florida {Garber), Key West, and
through the West Indies and Central America.
Wood reddish brown, hard, heavy, very durable, and highly prized
for cabinet work.
A large and very valuable timber tree.
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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TBEE8.
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25.
OLACINEiE.
Zimenia Americana, L.
MOUNTAIN PLUM. HOG PLUM.
Southern Florida, ^nd southward tlirough the West Indies.
Wood yellow.
"A small tree J fruit an edible, plum-shaped, yellow drupe.
26. Schoepfia arboresoens, R. & S.
DC.Pro(lr.iv.319. Conlt. Bot. Gazette, iii. 3.
Banks of the Galoosa Biver, Southern Florida, and through the West
Indies.
A small tree.
27.
ILICINE^.
nex Dahoon, Nutt.
DAHOON HOLLY.
Southeastern Virginia to Florida, and west to Louisiana near the coast.
A shrub or small tree, sometimes 25 feet in height.
28. Hex opaoa, Ait.
AMERICAN HOLLY.
Quincy, Massachusetts, south to Florida; west to Arkansas, Southern!
Missouri, and Eastern Texas; at the north only near the coast.
Wood white; the heart- wood brown, close-grained, heavy; used in
cabinet work, turnery, &c.
A small tree, rarely 40 feet in height.
CYRILLACE^.
29. Cyrilla racemiflora, Walt.
C. Caroliniana, Richard.
North Carolina to Florida and Alabama, near the coasts
A small tree, 20 to 30 feet in height.
2
80.
Fro
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31.
8.
Boat
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32.
Ft
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33.
Comi
ico.
A sm
34.
Fr,
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Moimta
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CATALOGUE OF FOBEST TREES. 10
80. Oliftonia lignitrina, Banks.
MylocatiniM liguttrinum, Willd. ^ .
BUCKWHEAT TBEE.
From the Savannah Biver, Georgia, south to Florida and Alabama.
A shrub or sometimes a small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height; along the
borders of streams and swamps in the low districts.
CELASTRACEiE
81.
Soheefferia ihitesoens, Jaoq.
S. oompleta, Swartz.
S. Imx^folia, Nutt.
CRAB WOOD. FALSE BOX.
Southern Florida, and in the West Indies.
Wood hard and close-grained.
A small ti'ee.
RHAMNACE^.
2. Zizyphus obtnaifoliiu, Gray.
Faliurus Texetuis, Scheele.
New Braunfels, Texas, to New Mexico.
A small tree or shrub.
33.
Condalia oboyata, Hook. icon. , t. 28.
BLUE WOOD. LOG WOOD.
Common in Eastern Texas, Western Texas, and Southern New Mex-
ico.
A small tree.
34. Bhamnus Caroliniana, Walt.
Frangula Caroliniana, Gray.
Queens County, New York, south to Florida j west to the Eocky
Mountains and Western Texas. ,. .
A small tree, or more commonly a shrub.
M.
86.
87.
40.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
86. Ehuuiiii PnrshiMia, DC.
IVangula Pur$Mana, Cooper.
BEAR BERRY.
Mendocino County, Galifornia, north to Puget Sound.
A small tree, sometiwes 20 feet in height.
11
86.
OMmothni ipinoras, Nutt.
RED WOOD.
Oalifomia, in the Goaat Ranges, ftom Santa Barbara to Los Angeles.
A small tree. i
87.
Csanothni thyniflomi, Eachsclioltz.
CALIFORNIA LILAC.
California, in the Coast Banges, from Monterey to Humboldt Ooonty.
A small tree.
SAPINDACEiE.
88.
iBionlni jCalifomioa, Nutt.
California, fh)m Mendocino County and Mount Shasta, south to San
Luis Obispo, and east to the foot-hills of the Sierra Nevada.
Wood "soft and brittle."
A small tree, or more often a wide-spreading shrub.
89. .Ssoului flava, Ait.
Pavia flava, Moenob.
^. aar^ruter Buckley, Proc. Acad. Phil. 1860, 443.
SWEET BUCKEYE.
Mountains of Virginia, southward along the Alleghany Mountains to
Georgia and Northern Alabama ; westward to Jefferson County, Indiana^
and the Indian Territory; most common west of the Alleghany Moun-
tains.
A tree, sometimes 60 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter.
40. .Ssonlns glabra, Willd.
^. OhiomsU, Mich. f.
FETID BUCKEYE. OHIO BUCKEYE.
Western Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Tennessee, and west to Western
Missouri.
A small or medium-sized tree; along streams.
41.
48.
48.
44.
45.
46.
47.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
41. UngnadU ipeoioMt, Eudl.
Texas utul Eastern Now- Mexico.
A small tree, or ofteo a shrub.
12
4S.
Sapindvs marginatni, Wiiid.
SOAP BERRY.
Georgia to Southern Florida, near the uoast ; west to Arkansas, Texas,
Southern New Mexico, Arizona, and in Sonora.
A small tree.
48.
Sapindai Saponaria, L.
SOAP BERRY.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.
A small tree ; the fruit rich in saponin, and used in the West Indies
as a substitute for soap.
44. Hypelate panionlata, Cambosa.
it/eNoocca jMiHtcu/ato, JuHH.
MADEIRA WOOD. HONEY BERRY. OENIP TREB.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.
A small tree. '
46. Hypelate trifoliata, Swartz.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.
46. Acer oiroinatum, Pursh.
VINE MAPLE.
Northern California to Puget Sound.
" Wood fine, white, close-grained, very tough, and susceptible of a good
polish."
A tree, 30 to 40 feet in height, or sometimes a shrub forming impene-
trable thiclcets along streams, the vine-like stems taking root wherever
they touch the ground.
47. Acer dasyoarpnm, Ehrh.
A. eriocarpum, Michx.
WHITE MAPLE. SILVER MAPLE.
Northern Vermont, south to Florida; west to Minnesota, Eastern
Nebraska, and the Indian Territory ; most common west of the Alle-
ghany Mountains.
Wood soft, white ; of little value.
A large tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 6 to 8 feet in diam-
eter ; along streams. Maple-sugar is occasionally manufactured from
the sap of this species.
48.
I
60.
51.
ill'.': • -I'-r I
m
62.
48.
CATALOaUE OF FOREST TBEES.
Acer grandidentatnm, Natt.
13
Headwaters of the Golambia Biver, caSons of the Wasatch Moiint-
ains, and Southern Utah to Ash Greek, Arizona. .
Wood resembling that of the Sugar Maple. / / •
A small tree^
49.
Acer maorophyllnm, Pursh.
Santa Barbara, California, to latitude 55^ north. In California, in
the Coast Eanges and on the western slope of the Sierras ; in Oregon,
and Washington Territory, west into the Cascade Mountains.
Wood valuable, hard, close-grained, susceptible of a good polish ; the
best substitute in the Pacific forests for eastern hickory.
A tree, 80 to 100 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 5 feet in diam*
eter; in California much smaller. From the inner bark, mats, hats, and
baskets of excellent quality are made; maple-sugar is manufactured from
the sap of this species.
60. Acer Fennsylyanicom, L.
A. striatum, DaRoi.
STRIPED MAPLE. MOOSE WOOD. STRIPED DOGWOOD.
Lake Saint John, latitude 47° N. {Miehatue) ; southward throughout
New England, and along the Alleghany Mountains to Northern Geor»
gia, and west along the northern boundary of the United States to Wis-
consin.
Wood white, close-grained, very hard.
A tree, 20 to 30 feet in height, with a. trunk 6 to 8 inches in diameter
01. Acer rubmm, L.
J. Drummondii, Hook. «& Am.
RED MAPLE. SWAMP MAPLE.
Latitude 47° N. (Michatix) ; southward to Florida; west to Minnesota,
Eastern Nebraska, the Indian Territory, and Eastern Texas.
Wood whitish or rose-colored, close-grained, moderately hard, sus-
ceptible of a fine polish ; largely used in cabinet-making, for turn-
ery, and wooden ware ; the variety with undulating grain, known as
" curled maple," is highly valued.
A large tree ; generally in swamps. Common in all the forests east of
the Mississippi Eiver.
62.
Acer saoohariniun, Wang.
SUGAR MAPLE. ROCK MAPLE.
Northern New Brunswick to the western shores of Lake Superior
southward through the Northern States and along the Alleghany
I
* I-
s)
Mountai
Arkans£
Wood
polish ;
ferred fo
eye map
A tree
uplands,
the a8h(
potash.
63.
Acei
Shores
emPeni
to Wisco
to the T\
Wood
A tree
along sti
64.
Galifoi
A sma
66.
South(
A sma
66.
From
sio; Ark:
Wood
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
14
Mountains to Georgia; west to Minnesota, Eastern Nebraska, and
Arkansas. Most common at the North.
Wood hard, close-grained, smooth, compact, susceptible of a fine
polish ; extensively used for flooring, cabinet-'work, and turnery ; pre-
ferred for shoe-lasts. Two accidental forms, " curled maple " and << bird's-
eye maple", are highly valued for cabinet-work.
A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 feet in diameter ; in
uplands. Maple-sugar is principally made from the sap of this species ;
the ashes of its wood are rich in alkali, yielding large quantities of
potash.
63. Negundo aoeroides, Moench.
Acer 2{eg undo, L.
BOX ELDER. ASH-LEAVED MAPLE.
Shores of Lake Ghamplain in Vermont, near Ithaca, New Yprk, East-
em Pennsylvania, and south to Florida and Southern Texas j Aorthwest
to Wisconsin, Minnesota, and the Saskatchewan in latitude 5i° N. ; west
to the Wasatch Mountains, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.
Wood soft and of little value.
A tree, 30 to 50 feet in height, with a trunk rarely 2 feet in diameter ;
along streams.
64.
Negnuido Califomicnm, Torr.v&Gray.
BOX ELDER.
Galifornia, northward in the Coast Eanges to f
A small tree. Common along streams.
66.
ANACARDIACE^.
Bhns Metopinm, L.
CORAL SUMACH. MOUNTAIN MANOHINEEL. BUMWOOD.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.
A small tree j like many of the genus, poisonous to the touch.
4
t
66.
Rhus typhina, L.
STAGHORN SUMACH.
Froih Northern New England south to Georgia, and west to Wiscon-
sin; Arkansas, and Louisiana.
Wood orange-colored, aromatic, brittle.
h.^
^fTC
■(>ifl-A
I. <:.:i,
W'i: 1 jiiE,
U5t
iinc;
i '«'■■:
a ^>;'«
'?':•)
.J^:
ii',,-. ;,-i:
A 8m{
and bar
57.
Near
southwa
A sm£
H'
■'■ i ;;;•
,tii.
68.
!
» f
:i'.-:j
i' <■.
Southi
tof wes
Wood
hard, sti
lecture,
for treen
A tree
69.
In the
Wood
A tree
60.
Comm
western
A sm£
61.
.i\.
n\t.!,;..H.,n
V ' - ^ 1 » ■ i: *
i> zi^'^i^> //-
South
"Woo
light br
tall.)
A smt
cotic.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TKEES.
15
A small tree, rarely 30 feet in height, or more often a shrub; leaves
and bark astringent, rich in tannin.
67.
Pistaoia Hezioana, hbk.
Near the mouth of the river Pecos, Western Texas (Bigeloio)^ and
southward into Mexico.
A small tree.
LEGUMINOS^.
08.
Bobinia Pseudaoaoia, L.
LOCUST.
Southern Pennsylvania, southward along the Alleghany Mountains
to ? west to ? Now extensively naturalized in all the Eastern States.
Wood reddish, greenish-yellow, or white, according to locality ; very
hard, strong, and impervious to decay; largely employed in naval archi*
tecture, for posts, construction, and turnery ; preferred to all other woods
for treenails, and in this form largely exported.
A tree, 70 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 4 feet in diameter.
69.
Bobinia visoosa, Vent.
CLAMMY LOCUST.
In the high mountains of the Garolinas and Georgia, west to f
Wood said to possess the same qualities as that of the last species.
A tree, 40 to 50 feet in height.
60.
Olneya Tesota, Gray.
ABBOL DE HIEBBO.
Common in the valleys of the lower Colorado and Gila Rivers, South-
western Arizona, and the adjacent portions of California.
A small tree. ,
61.
Fiscidia Erythrina, L.
•JAMAICA DOGWOCto.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Central America.
"Wood heavy, hard and resinous, coarse, cross-grained, and of a
light brown color ; it is very durable either in or out of water."— (JVtt«-
tall.) ;
A small tree; a tincture prepared from the bark is an intense nar-
cotic.
-./■*
63.
. r>
63.
64.
65.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
16
62.
Cladrastif tinotoria, Raf.
rirgiUa lutea, Michx. f.
YELLOW WOOD.
From Central Kentucky, on the banks of the Kentucky River, south
to Middle and Eastern Tennessee.
Wood of a clear yellow color, said to split with difficulty, and to make
valuable fuel.
A small or medium-sized tree ; principally along streams, or on rich
hillsides. Bare, and in danger of extermination for fuel.
63. Sophora afflnis, Ton-. & Gray.
Styphnohhium affine, Walp.
" Prairies of Arkansas on the Red River"; Eastern and Southern
Texas.
"A small tree, 10 to 12 feet in height; the trunk 4 to 8 inches in diam-
eter; rarely a small shrub; the wood very heavy." — {Lindheimer. Gray,
PI. Lindh. 178.)
64.
Sophora secundiflora, Lag.
S, Bpecioaa, Bentb.
Western shores of Matagorda Bay to Western Texas.
"A small tree, about 30 feet in height; the wood yellow, hard, and
heavy, called Lignum Vitce. Flowers showy, blue, sweet-scented, exhal-
ing nearly the odor of violets. The tree forms small groves on the
shores of Matagorda Bay, where it is the only firewood. The wood dyes
yellow." — {LindJieimer. Gray, Pi. Lindh. 178.)
An exceedingly poisonous alkaloid, to which the name of Sophorin
has been given, is produced from the seed of this species. — {Eothrockj
Coult. Bot. Gazette, ii. 133.)
I
if il
65.
Gynmocladns Canadensis, Lam.
KENTUCKY COFFEE TREE.
From Western New York and the province of Ontario, south to Ten-
nessee, west to Wisconsin, Eastern Nebraska, and the Indian Territory.
Wood rose-colored, close-grained, compact, very tough, with little sap-
wood ; susceptible of a high polish, although cross-grained and difficult
to season and work. Its specific gravity .609.
A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 2 feet in diam-
eter.
">
p
"
r
-
m
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w
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66.
CATALOGUE OF FOBEST TREES.
Oleditiohift monoiperma, Nutt.
WATER LOCUST.
17
South Oarolina to Florida, near the coast ; and from Southern Ulinoii
to Northern Alabama, Louisiana, and Eastern Texas.
A small tree; in deep swamps.
67.
Oleditiohia triaoanthoi, L.
HONEY LOCUST. THBEE-THORNED ACACIA.
Western Pennsylvania to Eastern Nebraska, the Indian Territory!
Louisiana, and Florida; probably not east of the Alleghany Mountains.
Wood hard, heavy, coarse-grained.
A large or medium -sized tree; in rich bottom land.
68. Farkinsonia florida, Watson, Proo. Amer. Aoad. zi. 135.
Ceroidium floridum, Benth. . x. .
Southern Texas.
A small tree or shrub ; not to be confounded with the next species.
'4
't,
■ I
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69. Farkinsonia Torreyana, Watson, Proc. Amer. Aoad. xi. 135.
Ceroidium /ortdum, Torr.
PALO VERDE. OBEEN-BABK ACACIA.
Common in the valleys of Southeastern Arizona and the a^acent
portions of California.
Wood hard, furnishing a valuable ftiel.
A small tree, often 30 feet in height.
70.
Ceroifl Canadensif, L.
BED BUD. JUDAS TEEE.
New York, south to Florida ; west to Minuesotaj Wyoming, Louisiana,
and the Indian Territory.
Wood hard, compact, susceptible of a good polish.
A small tree, rarely exceeding 30 feet in height.
71.
Cerois occidentalis, Torr.
C. CaHfornicum, Torr.
RED BUD. JUDAS TREE.
California, Mount Shasta and Mendocino County, southward along
the foothills of the Sierras to San Diego.
3
J' a
•n;;:/' v. >-'( it.
iJ! .^^'■.'■ti^^ '* ff
ii>:.
;.•►•-., I,
)i
1-/I
i'.ltr,: Mi::i
: 7 'On
'S -.'■
JV .!■.
.:7«5vrr' : ^J. v:;.. ^f^kiK't
'?•;, tM ■. '.
i-i:!.^- .X
S'-
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
18
A small tree, or more Arequently o, large shrub. A small slinibby
variety {0. reniformisj Engelm.) occurs in Southern Texas and New
Mexico.
72. Proiopii jnliflora, DC. ^
Algarobia glattduloaa, Ton. &, Oray.
ALOAROBA. MESKIT. HONEY LOCUST.
Valley of the Guadaloupe, plains of Western Texas, to San Felipe
Gauon, Southern Galifornia; north to Southern Colorado and Southern
Nevada; and southward through Mexico.
Wood hard, very heavy and durable, affording fuel of the best quality
and excellent charcoal. The unripe and pulpy jiods edible and a valu-
able forage. A gum resembling gum arable is produced by this tree^
and the seeds are rich in grape-sugar.
" Trees 30 to 40 feet high, with few and large erect branches; the trunk
often from one to two and one half feet in diameter; the heartwood
dark reddish-brown ; but often occurring as a small tree or shrub. Im-
portant as flirnishing the only firewood in Western Texas, and also for
its edible fruit." — {Lindheimer. Gray, PL Lindb. 181.)
73. Frosopis pnbesoens, Beutb.
Strombocarpa puheacens, Gray.
TOBNILLA. SCREW BEAN. SCREW-POD MESQUIT.
Southern New Mexico, along the valley of the Rio Grande; west to
San Diego County, California; north to Ash Meadows, Southern
Nevada; and southward into Mexico.
Wood resembling that of the last species.
A small tree ; the seeds affording excellent forage ; or ground into
flour, Indian food.
74.
Acacia Oreggii, Gray.
Western Texas, through Southern New Mexico and Arizona to San
Diego, California.
A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height.
75.
Pithecolobium Ungnis-Cati, Benth.
Inga Unguis-Cati, Willd.
P. Ouadalupense, Nutt.
cat'sclaw.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.
A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height.
IB,
11.
i
78.
79.
-/
\
80.
i-i-. .- -.•--("
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
19
ROSACEiE.
re.
Pmnai Amerieana, Marshall.
WILD PLUM. CANADA PLUM.
From Hudson's Bay to Florida; west to Denver City, Colorado,
Sliawneetown, Indian Territory, and Central Texas.
Wood reddish, hard.
A small tree ; often cultivated for its red or yellow acid fruit.
'^ »
77. Pnmni Oaroliniant, Ait.
CeratiM CarolinianOf Michx.
MOCK OBANOE.
North Carolina to Florida, near the coast, and west to Louisiana ,
Arkansas, and Eastern Texas.
Wood rose-colored, fine-grained, brittle.
A small tree, sometimes 40 feet in height; often cultivated for orna-
ment. .
78.
Pmnui Chioaia, Mlchx.
Cwaaua Chioasa, Soring.
OHIOKASAW PLUM.
Probably native in the regions immediately east and southeast of the
Bocky Mountains, but now widely naturalized in all the Atlantic 3tates
south of Pennsylvania and Illinois.
A small tree, or often a shrub ; frequently cultivated for its globose,
red and yellowish fruit.
79. Fmnna emarginata, Walpers, var. mollis. Brewer.
P. mollia, Walpers.
Corasua tnollU, Dougl.
Northern California to Puget Sound, and east into the Cascade
Moimtains.
A small tree, sometimes 30 feet in height. Common in Oregon and
Washington Territory.
The shrubby P. emarginata, Waipers, is the common form of California.
80. Pnmus Feimsylvanioa, L.
Cerasua borealia, Micbx.
Ce)'aaaa Pennaylvanica, Bering.
WILD RED CHERRY.
From Newfoundland to the headwaters of the Saskatchewan ; through-
out the New England and Northern States ; on the high mountains of
North Carolina, and in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado.
•t (
81.
J! *■•
.1 'K*
'C, "^
;><>J-^y'
.t-'f"'- '-'.
81
■^1^^J^), ^
}!)
.K
■W,
^ItT'US;*.
\,
-<N'
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
20
A small tree, sometimes 30 to 40 feet in height. In Northern New Eng-
land taking possession of the immense tracts annually cleared of the
coniferous forests by fire.
81.
Pnmns serotina, Ehrh.
Ceraaua Virginiana,'MiCihx.
Ceraaua serotina, Loisel.
P. CapolUn, Zucc. f
WILD BLAOK CHERRY.
Hudson's Bay, south to Florida, and from the Atlantic coast to East-
ern Nebraska, the Indian Territory, Eastern Texas, and probably fiirther
southwest.
Wood light red, becoming darker with age, close-grained, compact,
light, easily worked, and not liable to warp ; its specific gravity .454 ;
largely employed in cabinet-making, for which it is one of the most
valuable of North American woods.
A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk often 4 feet in diameter ;
reaching its greatest perfection in the valley of the Ohio.
82.
Prunns umbeUata, Elliott.
South Carolina, to Florida and Alabama.
A small tree, often a shrub ; <' in very dry and sandy soils." — {Mliott.)
83.
Nuttallia oerasiformis, Toir. & Gray.
OSO BERRY.
From San Luis Obispo, California, north to t>uget Sound; along the
Coast Ranges in California ; in Oregon and Washington Territory, east
into the Cascade Mountains.
A small tree, or often a shrub.
'■;!
4
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84.
Ceroooarpiu ledifolim, Nutt.
MOUNTAIN MAHOGANY.
Wasatch Mountains, Utah, west to the eastern slopes of the Sierra
Nevada ; and from the 36th parallel north into Oregon and Idaho.
Wood mahogany-colored, very hard, remarkably heavy, and suscepti-
ble of a beautiful polish, although too brittle and difftcult to work to
be usefal in the arts ; furnishing the most valuable fuel of Nevada ;
its specific gravity 1.117.
A small tree, sometimes 40 feet in height, and often only a shrub*
Very common in all the mountain ranges of the " Great Basin " at 6,000
to 8,000 feet elevation.
\\ » •
. y
86.
Sorb
Green
em Stat(
Garolina.
A sma
86.
Mai
From
confined
ghany M
A sma
87.
Malt
< .'ffA-
:i. '
V; I',
,?v-fi
■.'■ ,» '
•'0:~i''y'\ ^fTitf'nnr
■&•
From
Georgia,
along the
Asmal
and exce(
88.
Mah
From I
Washing
Wood
A sma]
forming !
sweet, ed
89.
Sorb
On th<
the nortl
Colorado
Sierra Ni
ranges n
A sma
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 21
85. Piros Americana, DC.
Sorhm Americana, Marsh.
AMERICAN MOUNTAIN ASH.
Greenland and Labrador, south through the iNe x England and North-
em States, to Wisconsin; on the high peaks of the mountains of North
Oarolina.
A small tree ; in swamps and moist woods.
86. Finu ang^stifolia, Ait.
Malua angusHfolia, Michx.
NARBOWLEAYED CRAB APPLE.
From ! Pennsylvania, to Florida and Mississippi ; probably
confined to the low country and not ascending or crossing the Alle*
ghany Mountains.
A small tree.
87. Pirns ooronaria, L. .
Maltu coronaria, Mill.
AMERICAN CRAB APPLE.
From Oneida County, New York, west to Wisconsin, and south to
Georgia, Arkansas, and Louisiana ; in the South Atlantic States, only
along the Alleghany Mountains.
A small tree, sometimes 30 feet in height; fruit small, yellowish green,
and exceedingly austere.
88.
Pirns rivnlaris, Dougl.
Malm rivttlaria, Dcsne.
OREGON CRAB APPLE.
From Sonoma County, California, north to Alaska; in Oregon and
Washington Territory, east into the Cascade Mountains.
Wood hard, tough, susceptible of a good polish.
A small tree, sometimes 30 feet in height; more often shrubby, and
forming low, impenetrable thickets ; fruit small (the size of a pea),
sweet, edible. Common along streams in moist ground.
89. Pirns sambnoifolia, Cham. & Schlect.
Sorhm sambuoifolia, Roem.
On the high mountains of New England, and far northward; along
the northern frontier of the United States; in the Eocky Mountains of
Colorado and Utah; on the East Humboldt Eange of Nevada; in the
Sierra Nevada, fi«m "Big Tree Eoad" northward, and in all mountain
ranges north to Sitka, and in Kamtschatka.
A small tree.
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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
22
90.
Cratsgns sstivaliB, Torr. &, Gray.
MAY HAW. APPLE HAW.
South Garolina to Florida; west to Louisiana and Arkansas.
A small tree, sometimes 30 feet in height; margins of streams and
ponds, in sandy soil.
91.
Crateegns apiifolia, Michz.
Virginia? to Florida, near the coast; west to Louisiana,^Arkansa8|
and Eastern Texas.
A small tree.
92.
GrateeeriM arboresoens, Elliott.
Near Fort Argyle, on the Ogeechee Eiver, Georgia (Elliott), to Florida,
Louisiana, and Eastern Texas.
A small tree, 20 to 30 feet in height ; on banks of streams.
93.
Cratsegns berberifolia, Ton. & Gray, Fl. i. 469.
Prairies of Opelonsas, Louisiana. (Prof. Carpenter,)
A small tree, 20 to 25 feet in height.
8:
(<
■
94.
GratsBgus cocoinea, L.
SCARLET-FEUITED THORN.
Canada and Northern Vermont, southward to Florida, and west to
Eastern Nebraska.
A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height, running into various forms ; the
best marked var. popuUfolia^ Ton. & Gray, Fl. i. 465, and var. viridiSy Ton.
& Gray, 1. c.
98.
Cratsgus oordata, Ait.
WASHINGTON THORN.
Virginia and Kentucky, southward to Georgia.
A small tree.
96. CratfiBguB Cms-galli, L.
COCKSPUR THORN.
Canada and Northern Vermont, south to Florida ; west to Missouri,
Arkansas, and Eastern Texas.
A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height, running into various forms ; the
best marked var. pyricanthifoUa, Ait. Hort. Kew. ii. 170; var. oval'^oUaf
Lindi. Bot. Reg. xxii. 1. 1860 ; var. linearis, DC. Prodr. 2, 626 ; and var. pruni-
folia, Ton. & Gray, Bot. Reg. xxii. 1. 1868.
ill
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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
n
97. Crateegns Donglani, Lindl.
C. Banguinea, var. Douglaaii, Torr. &■ Gray.
On Pit Biver, California, northward to Paget Sound, and east to
Montana.
A small tree, 10 to 20 feet high; common in Oregon and Washington
Territory along streams.
98.
CratsBgns flava, Ait.
SUMMER HAW.
Virginia, southward to Florida, and west to Southern Arkansas.
A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height; " in shady, sandy places." — {Tor*
rey& Gray.)
(<
i.;
99.
Gratsegoi rivnlaris, Nutt.
Sierra and Plumas Counties, Oalifornia ; north to Puget Sound, and
probably east to Montana.
A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height.
100. ' CratSBgtu spathulata, Michx.
C. mlorocarpa, Lindl.
Virginia, southward to Florida, and west to Louisiana, Arkansas^ and
Eastern Texas.
A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height, or often a shrub.
101. Crateegus subvillosa, Scbrad.
C. c<Mxinea, var. mollis, Torr. & Gray.
C. tomeniosa, var. mollis, Gray.
C. mollis, Scheele.
Davenport and in Fremont County, Iowa ; south through the valley
of the Mississippi Eiver; Shawneetown, Indian Territory, and San An-
tonio, Texas ; the range of this species still obscure.
A small tree.
102.
Crateegus tomentosa, L.
BLACK THORN. PEAR THORN.
Northern Vermont, to Georgia ; .west to Iowa and Arkansas.
A small tree, or more often a shrub.
var. punctata, Gray. [C. punctata, Jacq.) ,
Canada and Northern Vermont, to Georgia and AIa|)ama ; west to
Wisconsin, Eastern Nebraska, and Arkansas.
Wood hard, heavy, close-grained.
A small tree, sometimes 30 feet in height.
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J-s
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.<-f/k >.i:
103.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
CratsBgni species.
u
A Crateegm of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, Utah and Wyom-
ing, and the Clover Mountains of Nevada, which has been generally re-
ferred to C. rivularisj Nutt., will probably be found to be a distinct species.
104. Heteromeles arbntifolia, Roemer.
Oratagua arbuHfolia, Poir.
Aronia arbuti/oUa, Nntt.
PhoUnia arhutifolia, Lindl.
Meapilua arbut^folia, Link.
Photinia aaUcifolia, Presl.
H. FrenMtitiana, Dosne. ,
TOYON. TOLLON.
California, Mendocino County to San Diego, in the Coast Banges,
and east to the foothills of the Sierra Nevada.
A shrub, or near San Diego a " tree 12 to 20 feet high." — {Bothrooh.)
106. Amelanchier Canadensis, Torr. & Gray.
Meapilua arhorea, Michx. f.
JUNE BEBRY. SHAD BUSH. SERVICE TREE.
Hudson's Bay, south to Florida, and west to Nebraska and the In-
dian Territory.
Wood exceedingly hard, heavy, strong.
A small tree, sometimes 40 feet in height, or often a shrub, running
into many forms, the best marked var. Botryapiumj Torr. &. Gray ; var.
ohlongifoliaf Torr. &. Gray. The small fruit sweet and edible.
106.
HAMAMELACEJE.
Liqoidambar Stjrraoiflna, L.
LIQUIDAMBER. SWEET GUM. BILSTED.
Greenwich, Fairfield County, Connecticut, south to Florida, and
southwest to Missouri and Arkansas ; in Mexico and Central America.
Wood reddish, compact, fine-grained, moderately tough and solid.
A tree, 40 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 5 feet in diameter.
1«;
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u
y
Soutlu
America
A 811111
Tanipii
Brn/jl.
A siiiii
Soutlit
A snia
iU>>U'.-
Soutlic
A Sinn
'^^K,l-
Soutb€
A siiia
^}rU
■ v.aum'.
Soutlit
A suia
J(4'i'
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%-f-
Valley
A tree
4
CATALOGUE OF F0RK8T TREES.
25
107.
RHIZOPllOUAOE.E.
Rhizophora Mangle, L.
MANUUOVE.
•
Soiitlierii Floridn, Luiiisisina, Texas, ami southward through Tropical
America.
A small tree; always in maritime swamps.
108.
Conooarpus ereota, L.
BUTTON TREE.
Tampa Hay, Florida, and southward through the West Indies to
Brazil.
A small tree or shrub ; along muddy nnirine shores.
109.
Lagunoularia raoemosa, Gaitn.
BLACK BUTTON WOOD. WHITE MANGROVE.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Brazil.
A small tree, or more often a shrub.
■h
110.
MYRTACE.E.
Eugenia bnxifolia, WilWL
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.
A small tree.
111.
Eugenia dichotoma, DC.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Central America.
A small tree. *
112.
Eugenia procera, Poir.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.
A snuUl tree.
113.
CACTACE.E.
Cereus giganteus, Knj^cini.
Am. Jour. Sci. {'I ser.), 14. 3:55, and 17. 231.
Valley of the (Jila liiver, Southwestern Arizona; and in Sonora.
A tree 25 to GO feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 2 feet in diameter.
Ii
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•.
• *
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ill
114.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TRKEfl.
ARALTACK.K.
Aralia ipinosa, l.
ANGELICA TREK. nERCiri-Es' (LUn.
26
IVMinsylvaiiia aiul Kentucky; 8outh to riorida, wost to MLssonri and
l^asti'i'ii Texas.
A shrub or 'U,rn<>, whicli in rich soils (Louisiana) attains tlic height
of .'JO to 40 or even GO feet, witli a dianu'ter of 3 to 12 inches" {Pro-
fessor Carpenter); the bark yieldin;; a diaphoretic stiniuhuit.
115.
CORXACI'LK.
Cornns Florida, Ti.
FLOWEKINO DOGWOOD.
Canada to Fhu'ida, west to Eastern Kansas; soutliwest to Arkansas
and ]*^astern Texas.
Wood hard, heavy, tine-grained, susceptible of a beautiful i>olish.
A small tree, sonictinies IK) to 40 feet in height ; the bark used as a
tonic and astringent.
116.
Cornus Nuttallii, Amiuboii.
In California, Monterey and Mendocino (/ounties, nnd from Mariposa
('ounty north to ]*ugct Sound; in Oregon and Washington Territory
east into the Cascade Mountains.
Wood very hard, <!lo8e-graincd, strong.
In C'aliforuia, a small tree ; at the north, often 70 to 81) feet in height.
117. Xyssa capitata, WaU.
X, vaiid'uuiiiH, M it'll K.
OGEECIIEE LIME. SOI" 11 TIPKLO.
Ogcechee Uiver, (Jeorgia, south to Florida, and west to Louisiana and
Southern Arkansas.
A small tree, rarely M) feet in height; in swamps and on the banks of
streams. A conserve, known as '' Ogeechee Limes," is prepared from the
large, acid fruit of this si)ecie8.
118.
Nyssa Caroliuiana, I'oir.
X. aqnailca.
(JUM THEE.
North Carolina to Florida, and west to ?
Wood firm, close-grained, very unwedgable; emploj*ed for hubs of
wheiils, hatters' blocks, and similar uses.
A small or nuulium-sized tree ; in swamps and wet ground.
:
•II
I ■
T
•1 - S
I
^j
1}
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
119.
CATALOG UK OF FOUKST TREKS.
Nyssa multiflora, Wan^'.
27
! (
y. uqHal'uHt, L. in part. ' '"
y. hi flora, Mi«r1ix.
TUPELO. SOUR GUM. PEPrEKIDGE.
West Milton, Vermont, soutli to Florida; west to ]\Iicliigan, Missouri,
and Arkansas.
Wood very nnwedgable; employed f()r hubs of wheels, &c.
A small or njedium-sized tree; in swamps and low ground.
'^■'
120. Xyssa sylvatica, Mmsii.
.V. riUosa, Midix.
.V. multiflora, var. niflralica, Watson, IniU'x.
BLACK GUM.
lianks of the Schuylkill Kiver, Philadelphia {Mkhaux f.)', southward
to Florida, and west through Kentucky and Tennessee.
A large tree; its specific characters not yet satisfactorily defined.
121. Nyssa uniflora, Wan?;. \
X, affiiatica, L. in part.
X toiiteiilom, Miclix.
X. grandideiiluta, Miclix. f.
LARGE TUPELO. COTTON GUM.
Southeastern Virginia, south to Florida, near the coast; west to Ken-
tucky f , Louisiana, and Southern Arkansas.
Wood light, soft, nnwedgable; somewhat employed for wooden ware;
that of the roots very light, supplying a substitute for cork.
A large tree ; in water or deep swamps.
122.
CAPRIFOLTACE.E.
Sambuons glauca, Xntt.
ELDER.
Throughout California, Oregon, and Washington Tenitory ; east into
Montana and Idaho; on the mountain ranges of the " Great Basin"; east
to the Wasatch MountJiins, and in Southern New Mexico.
A small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height, or often a shrub.
123.
Viburnum Lentago, L
SHEEP BERRY.
ITudson's B.ay and the Saskatchewan, southward through the North-
ern States ; west to Fremont County, Iowa, and south along the Alle-
ghany Mountains to Georgia.
A small tree, 15 to 20 feet in height. Most common at the North.
■!(;
II .1«r;l
\ \
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t <
1; ■
' ''
,.■
?' :.•:;
*■
>|
124.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
Viburnum prunifolium, L.
BLACK HAW.
28
Fairfield County, Connecticut, and Fishkill Landing, New York, sottth
to Florida, and west to Saint liouis County, Missouri, Arkansas, and
Eastern Texas.
A small tree, 15 to 20 feet in height. < •
125.
KUBIACE.E.
Finokneya pubens, Michx.
GEORGIA BARK.
South Carolina to Middle Florida; in swamps near the coast.
A small tree; the bark with the taste and niedicinal properties of
Cinchona.
126.
ERICACEAE.
Arbutus Menziesii, Piuvsii.
A, laurifoUa, Liiidl.
J. procera, Dongl.
J. Tt'xana, Buckley.
:maduona.
Paget Sound, southward through the Coast Ranges of California
to Southern Arizona, and in Western Texas and Mexico.
Wood white, hard, brittle.
A large tree at the Xorth, rarely more than a shrub at the South.
127.
Arctostaphylos pungens, HiiK.
MANZAXITA.
Southern California, Southe¥n Utah, Arizona, and south into Mexico.
Wood hard, heavy, mahogany-colored, and susceptible of a brilliant
polish ; employed in the best cabinet work.
A shrub, often 20 feet in height, or probably sometimes a small tree*
var. platyphylla, Gray.
^rt7(>8/flj>/(y/08 (jiJrtHOrt, Watson, Kiiij:; Rt'p. V. aiO [not Liiull.].
Oregon, south through California to Western Arizona, and in tho
Wasatch Mountains.
The common Man^sanita of Xorthern and Central California.
■•hi'
V
Mi
•i
t^i
\ (l
128.
Califoni
Wood 1
A sbrul
foot or m<
129.
Judr
Peimsy
principall
A snial
130.
Canada
and Alab
Tennessei
Wood <
of tools, I
Genera
a tree 30
131.
Nova ►
along the
Wood
Geners
tree 30 tc
;
132.
M.J
M. J
jRapi
Soutlie
A sbrii
128.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
Arctostaphylos glanca, Lindi.
MANZANITA.
29
California, Monterey and through the southern portion of the State.
Wood probably similar to that of the last species.
A shrub or small tree, sometimes 25 feet in height, with a trunk a
foot or more in diameter.
129. Oxydendrum arboreuni; DC.
Judrometla arborea, L.
SORREL WOOD. SOUR WOOD.
Pennsylvania and Ohio, south to Florida, Mississippi, and Arkansas;
principally in the Alleghany Mountains.
A small tree, sometimes 40 to GO feet in height.
130.
Kalmia latifolia, L.
LAUREL. CALICO BUSH. SPOON WOOD. IVY.
Canada, Maine, and Korthern Vermont ; south to Western Florida
and Alabama ; west to Wisconsin {Lapham), and through Kentucky and
Tennessee to Arkansas.
Wood exceedingly hard, heavy, close-grained, strong ; used for handles
of tools, and furnishing a valuable fuel.
Generally a shrub ; in the southern Alleghany Mountains sometimes
a tree 30 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to 2 feet in diameter.
131.
Bhododendron maximum. L.
GREAT LAUREL. ROSE BAY.
Nova Scotia, Southern Canada, Northern New England, and south
along the Alleghany Mountains ; never on limestone.
Wood hard, heavy, very close-grained.
Generally a shrub; in the southern Alleghany Mountains often a
tree 30 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk a foot or more in diameter.
MYRSINACE.E.
132. Myrsine Rapanea, Rwui. & Sclmlt.
M, florihuiida, Griscb.
3f. Floridana, A.DC.
Kapanea Onyanensis, Aubl.
Samara floribunda, Willd.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Southern Brazil.
A shrub or small tree.
1
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138
134.
13S.
136.
137.
138.
\
CATALOGUE OF FOKEST TREES. 30
133 Ardisia Fickeringia, Toi-r. & Grny.
Cjirilla i-anicHlata, Xutt.
rickiriiigia panivulata, Niitt.
Eastern ami Soiitbcrn Florida, ami tliroiigli the West Indies to Mexico.
Geueralli^ a shrub j on the Florida Keys a small tree 20 feet iu height.
'li
131
SAPOTACE^E
Chrysophyllum microphyllum, DC.
Southern Florida, Caloosa IJiver, and near Miami {Garber); and
through the West Indies.
A small tree.
135. Chrysophyllum oliviforme, Laiu.
C. monopyrfnum, Sw.nrt/. ■-
Southern Florida, and through the "West Indies.
A small tree.
136.
Sideroxylon mastichodendron Juc(i.
S. pallidum, Spreng.
Jiumelia piilUda, Swai'tz.
BitmcHa futidimma, Nntt.
Charlotte Harbor and Key West, Southern Florida, and through the
West Indies.
.1
137.
Dipholis salicifolia, A. DC.
Aihrait saUci/olia, Ij.
Bumelia mVidfolUt, Swartz.
Keys of Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Brazil.
A tree, GO feet in height.
•:'\
138. Bumelia cuneata, Swai-tz.
B. myrsinifolia, A. DC.
B. parvifoUa, A. DC.
B. anguslifolia, Nutt.
B, reclinata, Toit.
Southern Florida, Tampa Bay to Key West ; Texas, from Laredo on
the Rio Grande to the mouth of that river, and southward into Mexico.
A ^mall tree, 20 to 30 feet in height.
.'•'I
vl
3
:iti
i r
w
■%v
!• <1
X
i
ii|i
r *Im
|,iii|
■fea
139.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
Bumelia lanuginosa, rii-H.
81
// tomeiilom, A. DC.
//. ohloiiffi/oUa, Nutt.
H./eirufjiiiea, Nutt. ■ ,^
(loorgia and Florida ; Southern Illinois (opposite Saint Louis) to Ala-
bama ; Missouri, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas. / /
A snuill tree, 20 to .10 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 2 feet iu
diameter.
140.
Bumelia lycioides, Gnitu.
IKON WOOD. SOUTHERN IIUCKTIIORN.
Coastof Viry:inia an«l Southern Illinois, to Florida and Eastern Texas.
A small tree, 20 to .'50 feet in height.
141.
Bumelia tenax, Wiiid.
North Carolina to Florida, near the coast ; in sandy soil.
Wood bard, heavy, very tough.
A small tree, 20 to JJO feet iu height.
H
(<
142. Mimusops Sieberi, A.DC.
M. dhsevia, (IriMfl*.
ftcms Xapolillu, var. parrijtora, Nutt.
NASEKEURV.
Kej's of Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.
A small tree, sometimes .'{0 feet in height ; the edible and agreeable
frrit the size of a pigeon's egg.
143.
E13EXACE.E.
Diospyros Virginiana, i.
PERSIMMON.
Light-llouse Foint, New Haven, Connecticut, south to Florida and
Alabauui; Ohio to Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, and south to Louisiana.
AVood brownish, hard, heavy, very close-grained ; employed in turn-
ery, for shoe lasts, «S:c.
A tree, 20 to 70 feet iu height ; the yellow edible fruit exceedingly
austere until after frost, then becoming sweet and hiscicms.
r(
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Nov.a i
perior; f
144.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
Dioipyrot Tezana, Seiiocio.
MEXICAN VERSIMMON.
82
Southern and Wosteni Texas, ami southward iuto ]\rexleo. )
Wood white and lieavy.
A small tree, 10 to 30 feet in height; " fruit globoHO, black, luscious^
ripe in August." — {Oruy, Syu. Fi. l. 70.)
145.
JIoptH Ihtrloreo, \j
STYRACACE.E.
Symplocos tinctoria, i/llor.
HORSE SUiiAU. SWEET LEAF.
Southern Delaware to Florida; west to Louisiana an<l Southern Ar-
kansas.
A small tree or shrub ; leaves sweet to the taste, greed II3' eateu by
cattle and horses, and yielding a yellow dye.
146.
Halesia diptera, l
(Jeorgia to Florida, Louisiana, and Southern Arkansas.
A small tree or shrub.
141.
Halesia tetraptera, !■<.
SNOWDUOr TREE. SILVEUBELL TREE.
West Virginia to Southern Illinois ; south to Arkansas, Louisiana,
and Florida ; principally along the southern Alleghany IMountains.
A small or, in the mountains, niedium-si/ed tree, with a trunk some-
times exceeding 18 inches in diameter.
t '
■■'-
*«
'M
J
148.
/''. acuminata, Lain.
/''. alba, Mai'Hli.
F. juglandifoUa, Lam.
/•'. tpiptera, Michx. r
/•'. CiirtiHHii, Vasi^v.
OLEACPLE.
Fraxinus Americana, Ji.
WHITE ASH.
Nova Scotia and Xew Brunswick, to the western shores of Lake Su-
perior; south to Florida and Louisiana ; west to Eastern Nebraska and
Kansas.
'1
a.
k
"
\^
u
\\
Wood
the man
Avork, &c
A tree,
the first (
149.
I <• !■!
l':/r|
I 'i - '' 1
h : +
\
»--i'.
Labyrii
Vorgeu, I
A sinal
160.
Or HH
A sinal
151.
F.pt
F. gt
•* '
Piiget I
borhood (
Wood'i
A hirgi
nia.
158.
Soiitlu
A snm
Wlu'cler. 1
m
F. r
F.oi
Ash >
A sinti
158.
F. d
F.
Fl
Ft
F. I
South
and Sou
A snu
5
CATALOGUE OF F0RK8T TREES.
88
Wood light, toiigb, very strong, clastic ; extensively employed in
the manufacture of agricultural iinplenioutH, carriagCH, oars, cabinet
>vork, &c.
A tree, GO to 80 feet in height, \\'itli a trunk 4 to feet in diameter ; of
the first economic value.
149. Frazinui anomala Torr.
Watwm, King Kt«i». v. 28'.J.
Labyrinth Cafion, Colorado Biver, and near Saint George on the fiio
Vergen, Southern Utah. *
A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height. ^
180. Frazinui dipetala, Hook & Am.
Oi'HHt dipctah, Niitt.
A small tree. Common in California, west of the Sierra Nevada.
161. FraxinuB Oregana, Ntitt.
F. pHbeaceiiH, vnr., Hook, Kl. Hor. Am. ii. 51.
F. gniHdi/oUa, Beiitli. liof. Siilpli. :M.
OREGON ASH.
Puget Sound ; south near the coast to Fresno County and the neigh,
borhood of San Francisco, California.
Wood 'said to equal that of the- W^hite Ash.
A large tree in Oregon and Washington Territory, smaller in Califor*
nia.
162. Fraxinus pistacinfolia, Ton-.
Southern and Western Texas, co Ash Creek, Southern Arizona.
A small tree, "20 feet high, with a diameter of 18 inches." — {Bothrocl^j
Whoeler. Rep. vi, 18«.)
var. coriacea, Gruy,Syii.ri.i.74.
F. veltttiua, Torr. in Emory Rep. 1H4H, 1849.
F. coriacea, Watson. Am. Nat. vii, a02. Rothrock Wheeler, Rep. vi. 1^6, t. 22.
Ash Meadows, Nevada, and Sonthcrn Arizona.
A small tree.
163. Frazinns platyoarpa, Miilix.
F. Caroliniana, Lam.
/'. Americana, Mai>«li.
F. patlida, Bose.
F. paueiflora, Nutt.
F, triptera, Nutt.
WATER ASH.
Southeastern Virginia to Florida, near the coast, and west to Louisiana
and Southern Arkansas; in the West Indies.
A small tree, 30 to 40 feet in height; in deep river swamps.
6
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L ?
I
i
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It . .■ : if
m
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f.f>'
fr- 1> 'T:, i.
>* -i n !
J"! <fc ' i
no
i
,UH;^U-f
h-' :"\ ►i\"'..'
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES,
34
154. Fraxinns pubescens, Lnm. ,
F. Veumtjlvanica, Mai'Hii.
F. nigra, DuRoi.
F. tomvntosa, Miclix.f.
Canada to Florida; west to Dakota; most commftn in the Eastern
States.
A medium-sized tree; borders of swamps, and in low ground.
155.
Fraxinus sambuoifolia, Lam.
BLACK ASH.
Newfoundland to the southern shores of James Bay; south to the
mountains of Virginia; west to Wisconsin and Arkansas.
Wood brownish, very tough, elastic; easily separable into thin layers;
employed in basket-making, &c.
A smoll or medium-sized tree;jn swamps and along low river banks.
156.
Fraxinus quadrangulata, ^liciix.
BLUE ASH.
Michigan aiul Wisconsin; south to NovMiern Alabama.
Wood said to equal that of the White Ash.
A large tree.
157.
Fraxinus viridis, Mkhx.f.
/•'. coiK'olor, Mull I.
F. jiiglamUj oUa, Will«l.
F. ('aroliniana, Willd. f
/''. expanaa, W'ilhl.
Canada to Florida; west to Dakota, Texas, and Arizona.
A small or medium-sized tree; along streams, or in low ground.
var. Berlandieriana, Omy, Syn. Fi. i.*').
/''. lUrlnndiemmt, DC. Prodr. vii.27:5.
Texas.
158.
Chionanthus Virginica, L.
FRINGK TREE.
Lancaster County, and banks of the lirandywine, Chester County,
Pennsylvania; Southern Ohio {Newhvrry), south to Florida and Texas.
A shrub or snuiU tree, sometimes 20 to M) feet in lieight.
159. Osmanthus Americanus, n«Mitli. & Hook.
Oha Americana, L.
DEVIL WdOU.
Southeastern Virginia to Florida and Alabama, near the coast.
Wood exceedingly hard, close-grained, ditticult to split or cut.
A small tree or shrub.
HI
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ul
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160.
*i»i|
162.
^iii
164.
A m
CATAI-OGUE OF FOREST TREES.
35
160.
BORRAGINACEiE
Cordia Boissieri, DC.
Extreme Southwestern Texas, the adjacent portion of Xew Mexico,
and in Mexico. '
A small tree, I.j to 20 feet in height.
161
Cordia Sebestena, L.
C. »pecio8a, \Vilhl.
Southern Florida, and in the West Indies.
A small tree, or often a shrub.
162. Bourreria Havanensis, Micrs.
Ehretia Haranen»\H, WilUl.
B. tomentoaa, var. Havancna'm, Griscb.
Ehretia lonientosa, Lam.
Pittonia amilia, Catcsb.
Ehretia Beurreria, Chapman, [ncjt L. ]
B. sueculenta, Jacq.
Florida Keys and in the West Indies.
A small tree.
var. radula, Gray, Syii. Fl. i. 181.
B. radula, Don.
B. virgata, Griseb. [not Swartz ox Mie)*).]
Ehretia radiila, Poir.
Cordia Floridana, Niitt Sylv. ii. 147, 1. 107.
Keys of Southern Floridji, and in the West Indies.
163. Ehretia elliptica, DC.
Texas, (yorpus 0/liristi, and along the valley of the lower Rio Grande.
A small tree, 20 to 30 feet in height, with a trunk often a foot in
diameter.
H
164.
BIGNONIACEiE.
Catalpa bignonioides, Walt.
Gray, Manual, ,'> e»l., ;{2l, and Syn. Fl. i. :U9, in part.
Bignonia Catalpa, L.
C. cordifoUa, Junme.
C. aynngosfolia, Sims.
Western Georgia, Florida, and perhaps west to Louisiana.
Wood very ligUt, close-grained, remarkably durable; its specific grav-
ity .405; valuable for fence-posts and cabinet work.
A medium -sized tree.
Ill
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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
36
165.
Catalpa speciosa, Wunirr.
Eiigulin. ill Coult. Bot. fJazotto, v. 1.
WESTERN CATAT,l»A.
Southern Indiana and Illinois, AVestern Kentucky and Tennessee,
Soutlieastcrn Missouri, and possibly southward through Louisiana.
"Wood rather heavier than that of the last species its, specific grav-
ity .402; valuable for cabinet work, and almost imperishable when
placed in contact with the soil; largely employed for railway ties, fence-
posts, &c.
A large tree in rich bottom-lands, often 80 feet in height, with a trunk
4 feet in diameter; one of the most valuable trees of the American
forest.
166.
C. linfaris, DC.
Bignonia linearin, Cav.
C. glutinosa, Eiigolin.
Chilopsis saligna, Dnn.
DESERT WILLOW.
Southern Texas to Southern California, and south into Mexico.
A shrub or small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height; along water
courses in the dry districts.
YERBENACEyE.
167. ' Avicennia nitida, Jacq.
A. /omeMYosfl, Mpyt'r [not Jacq.]
A. oblongi/olia, Nutt. ?
WHITE MANGROVE.
Southern Florida ; Louisiana, at the mouth of the Mississippi River ;
and southward to Brazil.
A small tree; along the sea coast in saline marshes.
*
i
.,1
t
t
if
M
POLYGONACE^.
168. " Cocooloba Floridana, Moisncr.
C, pairi/oUa, Nutt. [not Poir.]
PIGEON PLUJL
Southern Florida; Miami River {Oarher), Key West, &c.
'• ■ 7*1
169.
■f
!' fNl
\»
Soutlie
West Ind
Wood
A larg(
170.
Laur
Laur
P.Jii
;Southe;
Wood
brilliant ;
cabinet-iu
A tree,
15 to 20 i
171.
Laur
Perai
^■■1-
Canads
sas, and
Wood
aromatic
A tree
bark, en
ulant.
in inipar
172.
Orci
Teh
Dri
MOUNTA
Oregc
the wes
Woot
169.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
Cooooloba unifera, Jaiq.
SEA GRAPE.
87
Southern Florida, Miami liiver {(/ar6er),Key West; and through the
West Indies.
Wood violet-colored, very hard, heavy, valuable for cabinet-making.
A large tree ; the edible fruit of an agreeable subacid ilavor.
LAURACE^E.
170. Fersea Carolinensis, Nees.
Laurua Borhonka, L.
Laurua CaroUneims, CatoBb.
P. liorbomea, Spr.
RED BAY.
iSouthern Delaware to Florida and Eastern Texas ; near the coast.
Wood rose-colored, very durable, strong, comi)act, susceptible of a
brilliant polish ; formerly somewhat employed in shii)-building and for
cabinet-making.
A tree, in the Gulf States, sometimes 70 f6et in height, with a trunk
15 to 20 inches in diameter.
171.
Sassafras officinale, Ncch.
iMurua Sassafras, L.
J'ersea Sassafras, Spreng.
SASSAFRAS.
Canada and Northern Vermont, to Florida ; west to Missouri, Arkan-
sas, and Eastern Texas.
Wood white or reddish, according to soil, light, very durable, slightly
aromatic.
A tree, sometimes 50 feet in height ; the roots, and especially their
bark, enter largely into commerce, and afford a powerful aromatic stim-
ulant. The oil of sassafras, distilled froia the roots, is largely employed
in imparting a pleasant flavor to many articles of domestic use.
172.
Umbellularia Califomica, Nutt.
Oreodaphne Califomica, Nees.
Tetranihera Californica, Hook &. Am.
Drimyphjfllum paucijioruvi, Niitt.
MOUNTAIN LAUREL. CALIFORNIA LAUREL. SPICE TREE. CA.TEPUT.
CALIFORNIA OLIVE.
Oregon to San Diego, California, in the Coast Ranges, and aloilg
the western flank of the Sierra Nevada.
Wood brownish, close-grained, pusceptible of a fine polish, and highly
^>:
■>ife
'(I
I
esteemed,
lor this
forests.
In Orej
leaves vie
■■\.:
173.
Schii'l
Sonthei
A shrill
■■'■>'•
**|l
174.
(I'l/'iii
Kxrai
Soutliei
" Wood
A siual
175.
Sou the
to the Pi
Wood
shades o
ing.
A tree
caustic,
176.
r.i
South
Territor
Wooc
A smJ
CATALOGUK OF FOREST TREES.
88
esteemed, especially that of the roots, for c<al)iiiet-inakiiijj:, and yielding
for this purpose the most valuable material produced by the Paciflo
forests.
In Oregon a tree, 00 to 101) feet in height, smaller in California ; the '
k'iivos yield a volatile oil, Orcoihphne (Am. Jomn.of rimnn. xlvii. ior>.)
173.
EUPHORBIACE.E.
Drypetes crocea, Toit.
Scluvffcria latcnftoiui, Sw.
Southern Florida, Key West, and through the West Indies.
A shrub, or on Key West becoming a large tveo (BloAgett).
174.
Sebastiania Inoida, Mucil.
thjmnanthva Uicida, Hw.
JCxrucaria hicida, Hw.
POISON WOOD.
Southern Florida and through the West Indies.
" Wood yellowish white, hard, and close-grained." — {Xuttall.)
A small tree.
175.
Hippomane Haneinella, L.
MANCHINEEL.
Southern Florida, and through the West Indies and Central America
to the Pacific.
Wood heavy, durable, close-grained, and beautifully variegated with
shades of brown, white, and yellow ; highly esteemed for cabinet-mak-
ing.
A tree, 30 to 40 feet in height ; abounding in white, milky, exceedingly
caustic, poisonous sap.
il
URTICACE.E.
176. Ulmns alata, Michx.
U.pitmila, Nutt.
WHAHOO. WINGED ELM. SMALL-LEAVED ELM.
Southern Virginia to Florida ; west to Eastern Nebraska, the Indian
Territory, and Southwestern Texas.
Wood hard, compact, unwedgable ; employed for hubs of wheels, &c.
A small tree, 30 to 40 feet in height.
177.
m
■.'"'T^
!.i!
\ii
''M
#!!'
-.'f .''
^IW
w
^ I J,l(
South
liititudc
ilia; wes
Wooil
ill the ni
A tree
generally
178.
U.
Southe
ritory, ai
Kiver.
A 8ina
171^
r. n
Caiiadi
iana.
Wood 1
A smal
inner bai
nal prepa
130.
.jiijai
i[..i
Provin(
{Robbintt)
Wood
tible of a
iu the ma
all purpo:
solidity.
A lar|;c
CATALOOIE OF FOREST TREES.
89
177i ^ Ulmni Amerioana, WiiM.
/' Floriduiin, Cliiipiiiiui.
WHITE ELM. AMEUICAN ELM.
Southern Newfoundland, Northern New hruuHwiek, Lake Nipigon (in
latitude 50° N.), soutk through all the Eastern United States to Flor.
Ida ; west to Nebraska, Kansas, and Eastern Texas.
Woo<l bro>vTi, moderately strong, very tough, unweiigablc ; employed
in the manufacture of hubs, water-pipes, &c.
A tree 00 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk to feet in diameter ;
generally in deep, moist soil, or low woods.
178. UlmUl Onuwifolia, Nutt. TnniH. Am. riiil. 8o<;.(ii. HIT. ) .
U. ojKua, Nutt.
Southern and Western Arkansas, adjacent portions of the Indian Ter-
ritory, and south to Southern Texas, from San Antonio to the Pecos
River.
A small tree.
179. Ulmus fulva, Michx.
r. rubra, Miclix. f.
BED ELM. SLIPPERY ELM. :M00SE ELM.
Canada to Florida, west to Eastern Nebraska, Arkansas, and Louis-
iana. *
Wood reddish, hard, heavy, very tough, durable.
A small or medium-sized tree ; along streams and in low woods ; the
inner bark mucilaginous, and extensively employed in various medici-
nal preparations.
3
i
in
J-ri
m
11. 'OM
130.
Ulmns racemosa, ThoiuuH.
KOCK ELM. AMERICAN CORK ELM.
Province of Onttirio, south to Kentucky. an<l from Western Vermont
{Robhins) to Eastern Nebraska.
Wood fine-grained, compact, flexible, very lieavj, strong, suscep-
tible of a beautiful polish ; its specific gravity .832 ; largely employed
in the manufacture of heavy agricultural implements, furniture, and for
all purposes rcipiiring a material combining strength, toughness, and
solidity.
A large tree; of the Hrst economic value.
181
P. (
r. u
J HOI
Capo 1
Moridu ii
A 811)11
182.
^ 1' » » 1 •
H*'
Near C
>'.r
183.
C. o<;
C. la
('. Oct
V. ini
C. loi
Valley
tiu^ky, 8(»i
A larjrt'
m
,»,».,
;H'^»V«
184.
C. trt
C. occ
Northoi
tlie Indiai
\Voo<l V
m a 8ubst
A small
Th« liinitt
nttt>ntiou of
iiiid I'Hpnciiil
iiivi'Htigutiu
li'- 1:
liH
I:) M.
■■.■^'■\ '.p..
ih .-l
iiH'
186.
Cellh
In the V
crri New J
181
CATALOaUK OF FOREST TREKS.
Planen aquatioa, Omci.
40
P.ulmiMla.MU'hx.f.
' Auonymon atiiiatira, Wiilt.
PLANER TUKK.
Cape Fear River, North Carolina, and Sontliorn Kentucky, south to
riorida and LouiHiaiui.
A small tree, 'M) to 50 I'ect in hui}{ht; alunj; streams. Itare.
M
Celtit brevipes, WutNou Prof. Am. Acn<l. xiv. wn7.
IJothrink, \Vlu'»«h«r R<i». vi.'^;W.
Near Cami) CJrant, Houthern- Arizona {Kothrock).
"A small tree, becoming 20 feet high and IS incites in diameter.''
183.
Celtis Mississippiensis, Konc
C. ocrUkntalh, \av, IvHiiifoUa, Prrs.
C. Uvrigahi.WiM.
I'. occUkntuliit, vnr. iiUvtjriJ'oliu, Nntt.
C, itileffrifolitt, Xiitt.
C. longij'olia, Niitt.
Valley of the Mississippi Hiver, from Southern Missouri and Ken-
tn<!ky, south and southw(>stwar<l to Eastern Texas.
A large tree.
184. Celtis ocoidentalis, t..
C. tranni/oHii, l.niii.
C. occldeiilulii, var. rrnnHi/oHa, (Jniy.
SU(}Att BERRY. HACKllERRV. FALSE ELM.
Northern Vermont, south to Western Florida, and west to Nebraska,
the Indian Territory, and Texas.
Wood white, soft, and ju'obably of little valuej somewhat employed
as a substitute for American elm.
A small, or, at the West, often a very large tree.
Tht) liinitH of tluM iiiul tlio liiHt Hpocies iir«<i not y«>t HiitiHt'actorily tloHiied, iiiul the
nttciititiii of Ainuricnn botuiiistH is called to tlie importance of Htu«lyin)r in the field,
iind cHpeeially in tho valley of the MiNHiKsi])]>i, this ditticnlt gennH, to which fnrther
invcHtigation may r«'store one «»r possibly two HpecicM, or rednce it even still further.
1|
■ ''ill
i■^^l
,. ''.'IT
« - , ■■'.>■
1 :M
It F'/ I
"^m
185. ^ Celtis Tala, Gillies, var. pallida, Planch.
DC. Prodr. xvii. 19L
Cetlia (MomiHia) pallida, Torr. Hot. Mex. Hound. 203, t. 50.
In the valley of the lower Kio Grande, and westward through South-
ern New Mexl(!0 to Sonora; and in Southern Florida {Qarber, 1879).
■m
i
:..i •}'•,-
/
iMii' ■' "l^
186.
187.
188.
*! ■190.
191.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
41
Generally a shrub, C to 10 feet iu height; but as seen by Dr. Garber
iu Southern Florida, a small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height.
186. Ficus aurea, Nutt.
Southern Florida, Key West, Indian liivev {Palmer), Mvdmi {Oarber)
A large tree.
187. Ficns brevifolia, Nutt.
Southern Florida, Key West, Miami {Oarber).
A small tree.
188.
Picas pedunottlata, Ait.
Southern Florida, and common in the West Indies.
A large tree.
189.
if. Canailensia, Lam.
Moms rubra, L.
RED MULBERRY.
Western Vermont, Western Massachusetts, Long Island, New York,
and south to Florida; west to Dakota, Kansas, Western Texas, New
Mexico, and Chihuahua.
Wood yellowish, heavy, exceedingly durable; valuable for posts, tree-
nails, &c. ; formerly somewhat employed in ship-building.
A small or medium-sized tree, sometimes 70 feet in height, with a
trunk 2 feet in diameter, or in the far Southwest reduced to a shrub;
the large, dark purple fruit sweet and edible.
190.
Maolara aurantiaca, Nutt.
OSAGE ORANGE. BOIS D'ARC.
Southwestern Missouri, south to Natchitoches County, Louisiana, and
west into the Indian Territory and Eastern Texas.
Wood yellow, solid, heavy, elastic, exceedingly durable; valuable for
constniction, railway ties, fence posts, &c.
A mediiim-si/ed tree, sometimes 50 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk
2 to 3 feet in diameter. Very common, aiul attaining its greatest perfec-
tion in the rich bottom lands of the Ked and Kiamesua liivers ; now
extensively planted as a hedge plant, especially in the Western States.
:ic':.:^
PLATANACE.E.
191. Platanus oooidentalis, L.
AMERICAN PLANE TREE. SYCAMORE. RUTTONWOOD.
Along the northern shores of Lakes Ontario and Erie in the Province
of Ontario; Northern Vermont, Southern Maine, Eastern New Hamp-
6
•III
I
\ \
192.
V >'.
193.
1
*",.
P
«
;^'JfU
1
.''W
i
-1 ]f ^
''V
i
• ,;
f'
* ^,
t
' ■ '■;
■.*i..
194.
196.
»:w:
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
42
sliire, .and Massacliusetts; south to Florida; west to Eastern Nebraska,
Kansas, and Texas (Devil River Valley, Bigeloic).
Wood not durable when exposed to the weather, reddish, close-grained,
liable to warji, very unwedgable.
The largest tree of the Atlantic forests, reaching its greatest dimen-
sions in the rich bottom lands bordering the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers,
where specimens occur 80 to 100 feet in height, with trunks 10 to 14 feet
in diameter.
192.
Platanus racemosa, Nutt.
Sacramento Valley to Southern California and Arizona.
Wood said to be more valuable than that of the last species.
A large tree, sometimes 100 feet in height.
-Si;!
:4
if .
'*■;;
193.
Platanus Wrightii, Watson, Proc. Am. Afjul. x. 34y.
In Southeastern Arizona, near the San Pedro River.
A large tree ( Wright).
■ ■^' '4
JUGLANDACE^.
194. Jaglans Califomica, Wataou, Proc. Am. Acad. X. 349.
J. ritpextris, var. major, Torr. in Sitgr. Rep, 171, 1. 16.
Valley of the Sacramento River, and in the neighborhood of San Fran-
cisco, California ; eastward through Southern Arizona, New ^Mexico ; and
in Sonora.
A large slirub, or sometinies a tree 40 to GO feet in height.
$M
195.
Jnglans cinerea, L.
J. ohhmja, Mill.
J. catltartka, Micb. f.
BUTTERNUT. WHITE WALNUT.
Northern shores of Lakes Erie and Ontario, Northern Vermont; south
to Northern Alabama, and west to Missouri and Arkansas. Rare at the
South, except along the mountains.
Wood brownish, light, soft, easily worked, susceptible of a beautiful
polish, very durable; extensively used in cabinet-making.
A small or medium-sized tree ; a tincture used as a cathartic is pre-
pared from the inner bark, which also yields a valuable dye.
196.
MM
■\ \
V 3>
Soutliei
80Uth to ]
tory, and
Wood (
polish, ve
cabinet-Ill
A tree,
tlie first e
of the U
scarce.
197.
•i:t.
Devil's
Arizona.
A sijrul
':■*
198.
Canada
Northern
Wood
valuable i
manufacti
si>eciflc gi
A medi
in diamet
the most
Carya t
tion be f
occurs frc
of Georgi
199.
Jugia
JugUi
Canada
em Nebn
Wood ^
and in ev
A smal
thin-shell
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
43
196.
Juglans nigra, L.
BLACK WALNUT.
Southern portions of the Province of Ontario, Western Vermont;
isouth to Florida ; west to Eastern Nebraska, Kansas, the Indian Terri-
tory, and Eastern Texas.
Wood dark brown, light, soft, easily worked, susceptible of a beautiful
l)olish, very durable ; its specirtc gravity .577 ; more extensively used iu
cabinet-making and for gun-stocks than that of any other American tree.
A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to G feet in diameter; of
the first economic value. Rare at the east ; most common in the valley
of the [Mississippi and its tributaries ; but now everywhere becoming
scarce.
19f.
Juglans rupestris, Engi^im.
Bot. Sitgr. Rep. 171, 1. 15.
Devil's River, Western Texas ; Southern Arizona, and Walnut Grove^
Arizona.
A shrub, or small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height.
•III
»?■
i:^
■'if 4,
■ : ■■•■ ft
im
Carya alba, Nutt.
SHELL-BARK HICKORY. SHAG-BARK HICKORY.
Canada ; York County, Maine, to the upper districts of Georgia, and
Northern Alabama ; west to Eastern Nebraska, Kansas, and Arkansas.
Wood very heavy, strong, tenacious, elastic; furnishing the most
valuable fire- wood of the Atlantic forests ; extensively employed in the
manufacture of agricultimil implements, carriages, baskets, &c. ; its
specific gravity .838.
A medium-sized tree, 50 to 70 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 5 feet
in diameter ; of the first economic value, producing, next to the Pecan,
the most highly esteemed of North American nuts.
Carya microcarpa {iintt. Gen. ii. SJ21), will probably on further investiga-
tion be found not specificallj' distinct from this species, with which it
occurs from Pennsylvania and Delaware, south to the upper districts,
of Georgia.
199. Carya amara, Nutt.
Juglans angustifolln^ Lam. Di<t iv. ,<04.
Juglans. amara, Michx.
BITTER NUT. SWAMP HICKORY.
WHITE HICKORY.
Canada and Northern Vermont, sovith to Florida, and west to East-
ern Nebraska, Kansas, and Eastern Texas.
Wood with the general characteristics of the last species, but lighter,
and in every way less valuable.
A small or medium-sized tree ; genersilly iu low grounds ; the nut
thin-shelled, exceedingly bitter, not edible.
f-fe
i ; ' t
;(- V ii'ir,';;'
200.
Jnglan
♦••If
\( -f^
'*m
North Cj
Southern i
Wood pi
species of
A small
201.
Juglan
t^
V >
" South
{Bavenel),
A small
202.
Juglan
Juglan
Juglan
C. glal
Canada
Eastern T
Wood V
A large
WESTEB
Lancast
Heart w
A large
tains; mo
thick-shell
£•<•< *
mPSt'
Canada
ern Nebra
Wood r
A medi
of stream
large, thii
Biver, Ne
200.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
Carya aquatica, Nutt.
44
v'
JuglattH aqtiatica, Miclix.
WATER HICKORY.
North Carolina, in the low districts, to Florida, and Alabama ; and in
Southern Arkansas ?
Wood probably of little value in comparison with that of the other
species of the genus.
A small tree, 30 to 50 feet in height ; in low swamps.
201. Carya myristioeeformis, Nutt.
Juglana myristicwformia, Miclix.
NUTMEa HICKORY.
"South Carolina, at Goose Greek" {Michaux), " Berkeley District "
{Ravenel), and in Western L(»uisiana.
A small tree ; in swamps or low ground.
202.
Carya porcina, Nutt.
Juglana glabra, Wang.
Juglana porcina, Miclix.f.
Juglana obeordata, Willd.
C. glabra, Torv. & Gray.
PIG NUT. BROWN HICKORY.
Canada to Southern Florida, west to Eastern Nebraska, Kansas, and
Eastern Texas.
Wood very similar to that of Carya alba.
A large or medium-sized tree j in dry uplands.
203. Carya sulcata, Nutt.
WESTERN SHELL-BARK HICKORY. THICK SHELL-BARK HICKORY.
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and west to Eastern Kansas.
Heart wood lighter colored, but similar to that of Carya alba,
A large tree in rich bottom lands. Eare east of the Alleghany Moun-
tains; more common in the valley of the Mississippi Eiverj the large
thick-shelled nuts sweet and edible.
204.
Carya tomentosa, Nutt.
MOCKER NUT. WHITE-HEART HICKORY.
Canada and Northern New England, south to Florida ; west to East,
ern Nebraska and Arkansas.
Wood resembling that of the last species.
A medium-sized tree ; in dry uplands, or more rarely along the banks
of streams in deep and often submerged soils ; a fine variety, bearing
large, thin-shelled, valuable nuts, is known in the valley of the Genesee
River, New iTork, as " King Nut."
■AM
:-rm
', H
^u'm
' ',("1
v\
S205.
Sacraniei
A shrub
with a diam
I
^m
' S'f -'
206.
Californij
occasional!;
<*A large
to 21 feet,
a spread o:
occurring a
207.
Southwei
latitude of
the northei
Florida, an
Wood li^
ity .662; h
cabinet-ma]
preferred t(
I'acture of i
piles, posts
A large i
eter; of th
American <
208.
Marylan
Eastern Te
AVood toi
A small 1
ponds.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
45
205.
MYRICACEiE.
Myrioa Californioa, chum. &. Bchl.
Sacramento River, Califoruia, north to Washington Territory.
A shrub or small tree, "sometimes attaining a height of 30 to 40 feet,
with a diameter at base of two feet or more." — ( Watson, Bot. Cal. il. 81, ined.
206.
CUPULIFP:RiE.
Quercns agrifolia, N^«.
ENCENO.
California, near the coast, principally south of San Francisco, and
occasionally reaching Mendocino County.
"A large tree, with a stout, low trunk, often 8 to 12 feet, sometimes 16
to 21 feet, in circumference (base of Monte Diablo, Bretcer), and with
a spread of branches of 120 feet" — {Engelm. in Bot. Cal. ii. 98, jjierf.); also
occurring as a small shrub.
i
m
W
."•tU
- ' "^rl
207.
Quercns alba, L.
WHITE OAK.
Southwestern Nova Scotia, Southern New Brunswick, Canada in the
latitude of Quebec (rare), and west along the Manitoulin Islands, and
the northern shore of Lake Michigan to Wisconsin ; south to Northern
Florida, and west to Western Missouri, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas.
Wood light-colored, strong, heavy, elastic, durable; its specific grav-
ity .662; largely employed in ship-building, construction of all sorts,
cjibinet-making, cooi>erage, for which inirpose and basket-making it is
preferred to all other American woods ; also very largely in the manu-
facture of agricultural implements, carriages, &c., and for railway ties,
piles, posts, and fuel.
A large tree, 60 to SO feet in height, with a trunk 6 to 8 feet in diam*
eter; of the very first economic value, and superior to all other North
American Oaks in the quality and value of Hs wood.
208.
Quercns aqnatica, Nutt.
WATER OAK.
Maryland, and Sebastian County, Arkansas, south to Florida and
Eastern Texas.
AVood tough, but probably of little value.
A small tree, 30 to 50 feet in height; in low ground, along streams and
ponds.
■'■■.•'•■*l
m>
V. I'liiu
Q. I'riiti
Caiinda, I
erii Stat«!.s.
Kastern Ne
qiicreux).
WikmI sai
A large t
feet in oin;
and along is
vai
Q. Prhn
(^K Milk
From Del
In low gi
lis
•a*
■m
m..
y
m
210.
TURK
North Ca
A small 1
rons, uejxr t
211.
Q. Phch
North Ca
A small
the bark yii
212.
Q. fuh'f
(jl. C»'(I8«
Californii
the Sierra ]
A large t
to a shrill
racclniifolk
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
46
mod. Querons bioolor, Wiiia.
(^K I'lhiiiH, vnr. tomvntonn, MivliK.
Q. I'riiiun, viir. dhcolor, Miolix.l'.
S\VAM1» WIUTK OAK.
Ciiiiada, Xorthern Vermout, aiul AViscoiisin, Houth through tho North-
ern Stjit«^s. Jiiul along tho Alleghany Moiintain.s to Georgia; west to
Kiistern Nebraska and Arkan.sai!i ("bottoms of tho Washita llivor," Leu-
quereux).
Wood said to equal that of the White Oak.
A largo tree, with a trunk sometimes, although rarely, exceeding 30
fet't in circumference ("Wadsworth oak," ireneseo, N. Y.) ; in swamxis
and along streams, in deep alluvial soil.
Var. Michauxii, En^fclm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. IVJO.
(|>. il/jV/jflMjrJi, Niitt.
From Delaware and Southern Illinois, south to Northern Florida.
In low ground.
s
• '<
■'•■' "'!
■■■" * "'^
- . ■* 'I
210. Querous Catesbeei, Michx.
TURKEY DAK. SCRUB OAK. FORKED-LEAF BLACK JACK.
North Carolina to Florida and Southern Alabama.
A small tree, rarely exceeding 25 feet in height; only in sandy bar-
rens, near the coa.st.
211. Querons cinerea, Ukhx.
Q. PlicUoH, var, cinereH, Spacli.
UPLAND WILLOW OAK. BLUE JACK.
North Carolina to Florida and Eastern Texas, near the coast.
A small tree, rarely exceeding 30 feet in height; in sandy barrens;
the bark yielding a yellow dye.
212. Quercus chrysolepis, Litbin.
(^. falrcHcens, KeUoffff.
Q. craaaipoculu, Torr.
CALIFORNIA LIVE OAK.
California, in the Coast Eanges and along the western slopes of
the Sierra Nevada.
A large tree, 3 to 5 feet in diameter; or, at higher elevations, reduced
to a shrub, [var. f vaccinufolia, Eugclm. Traus. St. Louis Acad. iii. 393. Q.
vacciniifoliay Kellogg].
:''§■
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.--^.
IMAGE EVALUATION
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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
47
213.
QneroiM ooocinea, Wang.
SCARLET OAK.
Eastern Massachusetts, southward near the coast, in light sandy soils ;
and in Minnesota {Engelmann).
The raugo of this specieH, ofteii coufonndc-d with the foriito of Q. tinctoria with
deoply-ciit loaves, is still obscure, and especially deserves the atteutiou of boti> niats.
! ij
214.
Qnerciu densiflora, Hook. & Am.
Q. vehittaocn, Torr.
California, '^ from the Santa Lucia Mountains {Palmer), through the
Coast lianges, and especially among the Bed Woods, to the Shasta
region.
" A pretty large tree, 50 to 60, or rarely 80, feet high (Santa Cruz
Mountains, Brewer), and a foot or two in diameter; often a mere shrub,
5 to 7 feet h\g\i.'^—{Enge1m. inBot.Cal.ii.99,ii«"<f.)
215.
Qnerciu Douglasii, Hook. & Am.
MOUNTAIN WHITE OAK. BLUE OAK.
California, '' in dry foothills of the Coast Banges, from Monte Diablo
and Mount Oso to Sacramento Valley.
" It resembles a middle-sized White Oak of the Eastern States in
its size, pale, scaly bark, and quality of its timber. The largest tree
seen by Professor Brewer has a circumference of 7 feet." — {Engelm.
in Hot. Cal. ii. 9.5, hied.)
216.
Queront domosa, Nutt.
Q. berberidifolia, Liebm.
Q. acHtidens, Torr.
California, ^'common in the ca&ons and on the arid sloi)es of the Coast
Ranges from San Diego to San Francisco Bay; the variety (var. bullata,
Eugeliu) in the Santa Lucia Mountains {Brewer) and northward to Lake
County {Dr. Torrey)."" — {Engelmann in Bot.Cal.ii.96,iwe<f.)
217.
ttneroTU Emoryi, Torn
Q. hattata, Liebni.
Comal County, Texas, through Southern New Mexico to Bocky Caflon,
Arizona {Rothrock).
A small tree, or often a shrub.
218.
219.
220.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 48
218. Qnercns faloata, Michx. y
Q. elongata, Willil.
Q, discolor, var. foliata, Spach.
Q. triloba, Michx.
Q, falcata, var. triloba, DC.
SPANISH OAK.
New Jersey to Missouri, and south to Florida and Eastern Texas ;
most common in the Southern Atlantic States, where in the middle dis-
trict it is the most prevalent forest tree.
Wood reddish, coarse-grained, not durable, of little value ; somewhat
employed in cooperage.
A large tree, often 80 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to 5 feet in diam-
eter ; its bark rich in tannin.
219.
Q. Neivi, Liebm.
QaercuB Oarryana, Dougi.
Vancouver Island and British Columbia, south to San Francisco Bay,
near the coast.
Wood hard, brittle, probably of little value.
A large tree, 70 to 100 feet in height ; extending farther north than
any oak of the Tacific forest.
il
220. Quercus heterophylla, Michx.
Q. aquatica, var. heterophylla, DC.
Q. I'hellos X cocviuea, Eugelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 385, 391, 541.
New Jersey, near Camden, Haddonfield, Mount Holly, and in Cape
May County; Delaware, near Townsend Station and Wilmington;
North Carolina {M. A. Curtis in Herb. Canby.) ; Eastern Texas {E.
Hall).
A small tree, of uncertain origin.
221. Qnerous hypoleuca, Engeim.
Q. confertifolia, Torr. "Bot. Mex. Bound. 207 [not HBK].
" Sanoita Valley, Southern Arizona, at 7,000 feet altitude {Rothrocky
1874 ) ; also found in the San Francisco Mountains.
" A very conspicuous and as yet little known species, which Dr. Roth-
rock found 30 feet in height and 1 foot in diameter." — {Engeim,
in Wheeler Rep. vi. 251.)
222. Q^ercus imbrioaria, Michx.
SHINGLE OAK. LAUREL OAK.
New Jersey, south along the Alleghany Mountains, and in the upper
districts to Georgia; west to Wisconsin and the Indian Territory.
Woodl
A small
Alleghan;
223.
Q.ru
Q. tin
Q. So
Galifori
Sierra Nc
fornia oal
A large
224.
Q, aq
Q. Pi
North (
A larg(
Q.S
Califor
foothills;
inonntaiT
'*A vasi
with a wj
the grou]
"Thev
ov
North
Arkansa:
Wood
of Q. all
A larg
Q.O
B
Ganadi
vania: w
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
49
Wood hard aud heavy, but probably of little value except as fuel.
A small tree, sometimes 53 feet in height. Most commou west of the
Alleghany Mountains.
223. QuerOOl Xelloggii, Newberry, Piicif. R. Rep. vi. 286, 6.
Q. mfcra, Benth. PI. Hartw. 337.
(J. tinotoria, var. C'al{fornioa, Torr.
V. Sonomenaia, Benth. ; DC. Prodr. xvi>. 62.
S'-
California, in the Coast Ranges, and along the western slopes of the
Sierra Nevada, reaching a higher elevation than any other of the Gali-
fornia oaks.
A large tree, or often at high elevations reduced to a small shrub.
224. Qaercns lanrifoUa, Miolix.
Q. aquatiea, vat. laurifoliaf DC. |,
Q. Pkelloa, var. laiiri/olia, Chap.
LAUREL OAK. '
North Carolina, in the middle and lower districts, south to Florida.
A largo tree.
Qaerous lobata, N^e.
Q. i/ind»ti, Bentli. Bot. Sulpb. 55.
^. itatwomi, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. i. 25 r
California, "common throughout the State, in the plains or in the
foothills; or in the southern part of the State somewhat higher in the
mountains.
"A majestic tree, sometimes 15 to 20 feet in girth, 100 feet high, and
with a wider spread of branches" {Brewer)^ which often hang down to
the ground.
"The wood is said to be brittle." {Engelm. Bot. Cal. ii. 95, wed.)
226. Qneroni lyrata, Walt.
OVER-CUP OAK. SWAMP POST OAK. WATER WHITE OAK.
North Carolina and the valley of the lower Ohic ; south to Florida,
Arkansas (rare), and Eastern Texas.
Wood moderately compact and resembling, though inferior to, that
of Q. alba.
A large tree; in deep and often submerged swamps. Not common*
227. ' Qneroni maorocarpa, Michx.
Q. olii'te/ormiB, Michx.
Q. macrocarpa, var. oUvw/ormia, Gray.
BURR OAK. MOSSY-CUP WHITE OAK. OVER-CUP OAK.
Canada and Northern Vermont, south to Lancaster County, Pennsyl.
vania; west to Wisconsin, Eastern Nebraska, and Kansas.
7
I
I
! as
Wood ]
A Iarg(
diameter.
228. Qa<
Q. cfl
V. Pi
Perrysl
Kiver, La
Arkansas
Mountain
Wootl
posts, &c
A smal
229.
Q. ni,
Long I
braska, tl
A smal
soil.
230.
Mounts
geles; an
" The T
feet in d
{Engelm.j
2dL
Wester
Island, ai
Wisconsii
Wood <
A medi
238.
Long Ii
andfh>m
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
50
'i
Wood probably of little valae, except as ftiel.
A large tree, GO to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to over 8 feet in
diameter. Not common east of the Alleghany Mountains.
228. Qaeroui Mohlenbergii, Engelm. Trana. St. Louis Acad. iii. 391.
Q. matanea, Miihl. ap. Willd.
V. PriHUH, var. acuminata, Micbx.
Perrysburg, Vermont, near Newburg, New York, on the Gonestoga
Kiver, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and west to Eastern Nebraska,
Arkansas, and the Indian Territory. Very common west of the Alleghany
Mountains, and extending south to Western Florida and Mississippi.
Wood compact, strong, very durable ; largely used for railway ties,
posts, &c.
A small or medium-sized tree.
A;
Querouinigra, L.
Q. ferruffiHea, Michx.f. ^^■
Q. qmnqneloba, 'Eiige\m.
Q. nigra, var. quinqneloha, A.DC.
BLACK JAOK OAK. BABBEN OAK.
Long Island, New York, south to Florida, and west to Eastern Ne-
braska, the Indian Territory, and Eastern Texas.
A small tree, mrely exceeding 25 feet in height ; in gravelly, barren
soil.
230.
Qneroni oblongifolia, Torr.
EYEBOBEEN WHITE OAK. LIVE OAK.
Mountains of Southwestern Calitbruia, from San Diego to Los An-
geles; and in Chihuahua.
" The wood is said to be hard, but brittle. A beautiful tree, 2 to 2^
feet in diameter {Brewer)y with the aspect of the eastern Live Oak."
{Engelm., Bot. Cal. ii. 97, iued.)
23L
Qnerons palnitrii, DuRoK
PIN OAK. SWAMP SPANISH OAK.
Western Massachusetts ? {Emerson), New Haven, Connecticut, Long
Inland, and south to the District of Columbia ; west and southwest to
Wisconsin, Eastern Nebraska, Kansas, and Eastern Texas.
Wood coarse-grained, moderately strong, not durable.
A medium-sized tree ; in low ground.
m
"V,
"^I
1*1
232.
Qneroni Phelloi, l.
WILLOW OAK.
Ijong Island, New York, south to Florida, generally near the coast ;
and fh)m Kentucky to Alabama, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas.
888.
884.
885.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
61
Wood reddish, coarse-grained, not durable; sometimes used for the
fellies of wheels, but of little alae.
A medium-sized tree; generally along the borders of swamps, in low,
cool situations.
883. Queroni Prinus, L.
Q, PHhiu, var. montiatla, Michx.
Q. montana, Willd.
CHESTNUT OAK.
ROCK CHESTNUT OAK.
Vermont, shores of Lake Ghamplain, to the valley of the Oenesee River,
Livingston County, New York; south through the whole length of the
Alleghany Mountains, and rarely eastward to the coast; in the mountains
of Kentucky and Tennessee.
Wood reddish, porous, strong, somewhat employed in construction,
cooperf <;c, &c., although inferior to white oak.
A large or medium-sized tree.
/',
834.
Qnereui rubra, L.
RED OAK.
y\
Northern Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, valley of the Saint Lawrence,
northern shore of Lake Huron, western shore of Lake Superior, south to
Florida, and Eastern Texas ; the most widely distributed of the North
American oaks, extending farther north than any sxtecies of the Atlantic
forests.
Wood varying remarkably in different localities; at the east reddish,
porous, light, not durable, principally employed in cooperage; In North-
ern Wisconsin and Minnesota heavier, durable, compact, and quite gen>
erally used in construction.
A large tree. Very common in all rich woodlands.
835.
Qnercoi itellata, Wang.
Q. obittniloba, Michx.
Q. DuraHdii f , Buckley.
POST OAK.
Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, south to Florida; west to Missouri,
Nebraska, Kansas, and Eastern Texas.
Wood resembling and probably equaling that of Q. alba,
A small or medium-sized tree, rarely exceeding 50 feet in height.
836. Queroni tinetoria, Bartram.
Q. nigra, Marsh, [not L.]
Q. veltttina, Lara.
Q, ctK-ciitea, var. tinetoria, Gray.
BLACK OAK. YELLOW-BARKED OAK.
Canada and Northern New England, south to Tallapoosa County,
Alabama, and west to Wisconsin, Eastern Nebraska, and Eastern Kan-
sas (rare).
:i
.M
Us?.
338.
239.
CATALOOUE OF FOREST TREES.
52
Wood closo-^rained, Htroug, durable, and probably superior to that of
the other North American Black Oaks ; employed in the manufacture of
carriages, cooperage, construction, &c.
A large tree, 80 to 100 feet in height, with a trunk often 4 to 5 feet in
diameter; the bark rich in tannin ; the intensely bitter inner bark yields
A valuable yellow dye. Very common in all the Atlantic forests.
^1,
Qneroni Tmdnlata, 'ton.
ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCBUB OAK.
Eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado fVom Denver south<
ward, through New Mexico into Western Te:^a8 ; west through Utah
aid Arizona into Southern California.
A small tree, or otten a shrub running into innumerable forms, of
Wiich the best marked are:
Tur. Oambelii, Endolm. {Q. Oambelii, Nutt., and Q. Drummondiif Liebm.).
yar. Jameiii, Engeim. ■ ^
▼ar. Wrightii, Eiigoim.
▼ar. breviloba, Kugeim. {Q. obtusiloba, var. breviloba, Torr. ; Q. 8an
Sabtana^ Buckley f ).
nx. oblongata, Engclm. {Q. oblongifolifij Torr. in Bot. Mex. Bound. 306 [not
Bot. atgr.])
nr. griiea, Engeim. (Q. grisea^ Liebm.).
vir. pnngeni, Eugelm. {Q.pungens, Liebm.).
See Ingelmann in Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 372, 'Mi, 392, and Bot. Cal. ii. 96, in«d
838.
Qaeroos yirens, Ait.
Q seiiipervireM, Ait.
Q oleoidet, Cham. &. Schl.
Q.retuta, Liebm.
LIVE OAK.
Mob Jack Bay, Virginia, south to Florida, near the coast; west
along tie Gulf coast to Mexico; in Texas penetrating to the high plateaa
north o- San Antonio {Engelmann in PI. Lindh. ii. 237), where it might
without fruit be easily confounded with Q. Emoryi.
Woo4 yellowish, very heavy, compact, fine-grained, strong, and dura
ble ; laigely employed in ship-building, for which purpose it is preferred
to all other North American woods.
A tree, 50 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to 7 feet in diameter; of
the flnt economic value; or reduced to a shrub (var. maritima and den-
tatttf Clapmau; Q. maritima, Wilid.); the bark rich in tannin.
839. Qneroat Witliseni, A.DC.
Q. Jorehut, Kellogg.
Califonia, "common in the valleys and in the lower mountains
throughoit the State, and ascending into the Sierra Nevada.'' The
wi
/
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
53
variety {var.frutescens, Engeim.) is the " Desert Oak*'* of the southeastern
desert region, ranging northward to Mount Shasta.
"A magnificent tree, with very dense dark-green and shining foliage;
sometimes 10 to 12 and even 18 feet in circumference (Shasta, Brewer)y
and 50 to 60 feet high." {Engeim. in Bot. Cal. ii. 98, ined.)
The following Korth American shrubby species do not properly find
a place in this catalogue:
Q. Breweri, Engeim. in Bot. Cal. ii. 96, ined. {Q. lohata^ var. fruticosay
Engeim.) Western slopes of high Sierra Nevada, California.
d Oeorgiana, M. A. Curtis. Stone Mountain, Georgia.
Q. myrtifolia, WiUd. {Q. PhelloSj var. arenaritty Chapman).
Q. aqnatioa, var. myrtifolia, a.dg. Sea coast, South Carolina to
Florida.
a ilioifolia, Wang. {Q. Banisteri, Michx.). New England to Ohio and
southward.
d. prinoidM, Willd. (Q. Prinus pumila, Michx.; Q. Prinua Chinquapin f
Michx. f., A.DC. ; Q. Chinquapin, Puroh .). New England to Arkansas.
d pumila, Nutt. ( Q. Phellos, var. pumila, Michx. ; Q. cinerea, xar.pumilaj
Chap.), and var. serioea, Engeim {Q. sericm, Wiiiti.; P. Phellos, vat. seruxa,
Ait.). Pine barrens of South Carolina.
Q. reticnlata, hbk. Southern Arizona and Mexico.
840.
Castanopsis chrysophylla, a.dc.
Castanea chrysophylla, Hook.
C. tempeit'irmt, Kellogg.
CHINQUAPIN.
Western Oregon and California, along the western flank of the Sierra
Nevada, and in the Coast Banges south to Santa Cruz.
A tree, 30 to 50 feet in height, in the Cascade Mountains, or in Cali-
fornia often a low shiiib.
f]
i^tf5
241.
Fagu« pumila, L.
Castanea pumila, Mill.
CHINQUAPIN.
Lancaster County, Feunsylvania ; Marietta, Ohio; south and south-
west to Florida, Arkansas, the Indian Territory, and Eastern Texas.
Wood strong, compact, even-grained, very durable.
A shrub, or in the southern Alleghany Mountains, Florida, and
Arkani^as a tree, 30 to 50 feet in height, with a trunk often 18 inches in
diameter ; the sweet fruit smaller than that of the next species.
r
213.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
54
212, Caitanea ynlgarii, Lam., var. Amerioana, a. dc. Prodr. xvi>. 114.
Fajna <'astaiiea,h.
C. reana, Gwrtn., var. Amet'kana, Miclix.
C. Americana, Rat.
Northern shores of Lakes Erie and Ontario, Southern Maine, Nevf
Hampshire, and Vermont; south to Western Florida, and west and
southwest to Michigan and Arkansas; reaching its greatest development
in Tennessee, along the western slopes of the Alleghany Mountains.
Wood light-colored, coarse-grained, moderately strong, very durable,
but difficult to season and liable to warp ; largely employed in cabinet*
making, and for railway ties, posts, fencing, &c.
A large tree ; of the first economic value ; the fruit, although smaller,
superior in sweetness and flavor to that of the European chestnut.
213. Fagus fermginea, Ait.
Faff tt» ni/hisfrig, Miohx.
AMERICAN BEECH.
.-v
Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, through the valley of the Saint
Lawrence and Ottawa Rivers, and the northern shores of Lakes Huron
and Michigan to Missouri and Minnesota; south to Florida and Arkansas.
Wood light-colored or reddish, varying greatly with soil and location,
close-grained, compact, heavy, and susceptible of a beautiful polish ;
employed in the manufacture of shoe-lasts, handles of tools and in turn-
ery; used largely as fueL
A large tree. Very common in all northern forests cast of the Missis-
sippi Kiver, and in those of the southern Alleghany Mountains.
244. Ostrya Virginica, Willd-
CarpinuB Oatrya, L.
Varpinua rirginiana, Lam. -
O. Americana, Miclix.
O. vttlgaria, Watson.
Carpinua triflora, M«i'ncli.
Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, through the valleys of the Saint Law
rence and the lower Ottawa Kivers, along the northern shores of Lake
Huron, to Northern Wisconsin ; south to Florida, and west to Fremont
County, Iowa, Missouri, and Arkansas.
Wood white, compact, fine-grained, very heavy, durable.
A small tree, rarely exceeding 40 feet in height, or with a trunk more
than 12 to 15 inches in diameter.
■r.i
245.
Carpiniu Caroliniana, Walt.
C. Americana, Miclix.
AMERICAN HORNBEAM.
BLUE BEECH. WATER BEECH. IRON WOOD.
Northern Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, through the valley of the
Saint Lawrence and lower Ottawa Rivers, along the northern shores of
.^■Mff
,-• ,- )<
r^'f-
*,; ■ • 1 ■ ' -1 ■
Lake Hu]
and East
Wood ]
At the
southern
a trunk 2
•^rt* Jirxvt*
V^'
246.
£. at
B.ct
■'f ■■: .
i; rlj-i;4'; «« i'J?? '^iwi ^^'^
i)<i-^l« ■■.• 'f* ij'
XewB
River soi
Wood
polish; e
cently lai
A smal
gravelly
on aband
247.
B. C€
B. le
€HEERY
Nova S
nois, and
Wootl
of a brilli
and excel
A medi
248.
B. ei
B. U
Newfoi
New Ens
Mountaii
Wood
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
55
Lake Huron to Northern Wisconsin and Minnesota ; south to Florida
and Eastern Texas.
Wood resembling that of Ostrya.
At the North generally a shrub or small tree, but becoming, in the
southern Alleghany Mountains, a tree sometimes 50 feet in height, with
a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter.
BETULACE^.
246. Betula alba, L., var. populifolia, Spach.
B. populifoUa, Willd.
B. acuminata, Ehrh.
B. citapidata, Schrad.
WHITE BIRCH.
OLD FIELD BIRCH. GRAY BIRCH.
New Brunswick, and from the valley of the lower Saint Lawrence
River south to Delaware, near the coast.
Wood white, nio<lerately hard, close-grained, susceptible of a good
polish ; extensively manufactured into spools, shoe'-pegs, &c., and re-
cently largely exiwrted.
A small tree, rarely exceeding 20 to 30 feet in height ; in dry and
gravelly soil, or on the borders of swamps ; springing up everywhere
on abandoned land in New England.
K«
247. Betnla lenta, L.
B. carpinifoUa, Ehrh.
B. lenta, Regel in DC. Prodr. xvi*. 179, iu part.
CHERRY BIRCH. BLACK BIRCH. SWEET BIRCH.
MAHOGANY BIRCH.
Nova Scotia, Canada, and through the Northern States ; west to Illi-
nois, and south along the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia.
Wood reddish, close-grained, compact, moderately hard, susceptible
of a brilliant polish ; furnishing a valuable material for cabinet-making,
and excellent fuel.
A medium-sized tree. Common at the North in rich woodlands.
248. Betola lutep, Michx.f: ^
B. exceha, Pnrah [not Ait.]
B. lenta, Regel in DC. Prodr. xvi'. 17P, in pait.
YELLOW BIRCH. GRAY BIRCH.
Newfoundland to the western shore of Lake Superior, through the
New England and ]Sorth western States, and south along the Alleghany
Mountains to the high peaks of North Carolina.
Wood resembling, and perhaps surpassing, that of the last species
V-?"
m
The lai
New Engl
diameter.
249.
liaiiks (
Counties,
Tallapoosi
Texas.
A nie<li
250.
Califori]
Valley, at
as abunde
fencing ai
and comu
'Black B
katchewai
Bot. Cal. ii.
251.
Latitud(
Northern
Eastern 1^
Wood w
extensive]
and now 1
A large
latitude th
durable b
and is lar|
252.
Newfoui
land, Wise
Wood hj
in Northei
A shru
ground.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
56
The largest deciduous tree of the forests of Canada and Northern.
New flngland, not rarely 80 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 4 feet in
diameter. .
219.
Betnia nigra, L.
RED BIRCH. RIVER BIRCH.
/'
liauks of the Merrimac and Spicket Rivers, in Middlesex and Essex
Counties, Massachusetts, and from New Jersey south to Florida and
Tallapoosa County, Alabama ; west to Missouri, Arkansas, and Eastern
Texas.
A uietlium-sized tree ; along the borders of streams and ponds.
250.
Betnia ocoidentalis, Hook.
California, ''in the eastern canons of the Sierra Nevada, above Owen's
Valley, at an altitude of from 4,500 to 10,000 feet, where it is reported
as abundant and often the main reliance of the settlers for timber for
fencing and other purposes ; Surprise Valley, Motloc County {Lemmon)^
and common along streams in Siskiyou County, where it is known as
< Black Birch.' It is frequent from Washington Territory to the Sas-
katchewan and in the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico." ( WataoHj
Hot. Cal. ii. 7U, iHcri.) . •
251.
Betula pap3rracea, Ait.
CANOE BIRCH. WHITE BIRCH. PAPER BIRCH.
Latitude 65° N. {Richardson), south through British America and the
Northern States to the mountains of Pennsylvania ; west to Minnesota,
Eastern Nebraska, and Dakota ? ; most common at the North.
Wood white, compact, moderately hard, furnishing an excellent fuel ;
extensively employed in the manufacture of spools, shoe-lasts, pegs, &c.,
and now largely exported.
A large tree, as far north as Hudson's Bay, and extending to a higher
latitude than any deciduous tree of the Atlantic forests; the very tough,
durable bark, is easily separated into thin layers impervious to water,
and is largely used in the construction of canoes, tents, &c.
252. Alnns inoana, Wiild.
SPECKLED ALDER. HOARY ALDER. BLACK ALDER.
Newfoundland to the Saskatchewan, and south to northern New Eng-
land, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Nebraska ; and in Europe.
Wood hard and heavy ; furnishing fuel preferred and largely employed
in Northern New England for the final baking of bricks.
A shrub, or sometimes a small tree ; along streams and in swampy
ground.
■,* ■iH
M
il'J
m
.!!'f-
^'■i;
253.
254.
255.
256.
257.
258.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
67
▼ar. virMoeni, Watson (Bot. Cai. ii. 81, ined.) exteuils from Oregon east to
the Bocky Mountains, and south to the southern Sierra Nevada and
New Mexico.
263.
Alnni maritima, Muhi.
SEA-SIDE ALDER.
Delaware and Eastern Maryland ; and in Japan T
A small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height ; along streams.
254.
Alnni oblongifolia, Torr.
Banks of the Mirabres Biver, and near Santa Barbara, New Mexico ;
Arizona ; in the Gayumaca Mountains, San Diego County, and in the San
Bernardino Mountains, California ; also in Northern Mexico.
A tree, sometimes 80 feet in height with a tnink 2 or 3 feet in diame-
ter.
265.
\
Alnns rhombifolia, Nntt.
From Oregon to Southern California; at San Felipe, California
(Palmer), known as White Alder. " The common California Alder, 20 to
30 feet in height, and 2 to 3 in diameter, according to Bolander; 30 to
50 feet in height (Peckham) ; bark light ash gray." — ( Watson, Bot. Cal. ii.
80, iMed.)
256.
Alum rubra, Bdii^uni.
Sitka, south to Santa Barbara, California; common in the neighbor-
hood of San Francisco.
A tree, 30 to 40 feet in height.
257.
SALICACE^E.
Saliz cordata, Mniii.
Great Slave Lake, Saskatchewan, and Lake Winipeg; south through
the New England States to the District of Columbia.
A small tree, rarely 20 feet in height; along streams and in wet
ground ; running into many forms of which the best marked are : —
var. rigida. Gray (8. riyida, Muhl. 8. Torreyana, Burratt).
wax. angustata, Audors. [8. anymtata, Pursii).
268.
Salix IsBvigata, Bobb.
California, Sierra County, and from the valley of the Sacramento River
to San Diego.
8
259.
260.
261.
262.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
68
« An erect pyramidal tree, 15 to 50 feet higb, growing in bottom lands
near streams ; trunk straiglit, a foot or two in diameter, with fissured
dark brown bark."— (C L.Antlenonj in Bot. Cal. ii. 84, ined.)
259. Saliz laiiandra, Benth.
S. Jluffmauiiwnu, Hook. & Am. ^
tS. Hpevioxa, Nutt. •
S. arguta,\ar.liiHiaHilra,Aiu\iirfi. .
British Columbia, and south to the valley of the Sacramento Biver,
California.
"A tree, 20 to 60 feet high, growing along streams." — {Behb, In Bot.
Cal. ii. 84, ined.)
▼ar. lanoifolia, B»bb. {8. lancifoUa, Anden. 8. luddaf var. macri^hyllay
Anders.). With the species.
var. Fendleriana, Bebb (8. pentandra, var. caudata, Natt. 8. Fendle-
rianttj Anders. 8. argxita^ Anders.). Colorado, New Mexico, and in the
Sierra Nevada of Central California.
260.
Saliz Inoida, Muhi.
SHININO WILLOW.
Mackenzie River, in latitude 65° north, through British America and
the New England States, south to Chester County, Pennsylvania.
A shrub or small tree, rarely exceeding 20 to 25 feet in height; along
streams.
261. Saliz nigra, Marsh.
8. ambigna, Pursh.
8. Hoiutoniana, Pnrsbr
8. Caroliniana, Micbx.
iSf./a/ca/a, Piirsh. (.^. /'«rs*jana, Spr. S.nigra,ya,T./alcata,QTay.)
Canada (rare) and Northern Vermont ; south to Florida, and west to
the valley of the Sacramento Eiver, Clear Lake, and Fort Mohave, Cal-
ifornia; most common betweeu the Alleghany and Bocky Mountains.
A small tree, 20 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 10 to 18
inches in diameter.
262. Populns angustifolia, James.
P. Canadenaia, var. angiiHtifoUa, Wesmael in DC. Prodr., xvi*. 3'^9.
P. bahamifera, var. angustifolia, Watson, Bot. King Rep. v. 327.
In the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and New Mexico; Central Ari-
zona ; in the Shoshone Mountains, Central Nevada, and northwestward
to the valley of the Columbia River.
Wood considered of little value.
A medium-sized tree.
268.
264.
265.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREE8.
868. Popnlnt baliamifera, l.
BALHAM POPLAR. TACAMAIIAC. BALM OP GILEAD.
69
Mackenzie River and the Great Slave Lake ; Houth through British
America to Northern New England and WigconHin.
A large tree. Common in Arctic America, and furnishing, acconling
to Dr. RichardHon, the greater part of the drift timber on the .shores of
the Arctic Sea.
vftr. oandioftni, Gray {P. vandicanff^ Ait. P. nigra, CuteHb. P. maoro'
phylla, Llnill. P. Ontariensis, PohI'.).
Arctic America to Northern New England, WiscouMin, and Kentucky ;
weHt to Colorado and Idaho.
A large tree. Rare in a wild state, although very common in cultiva-
tion.
264. Popnlni Fremontii, Wntaon, Proc Amer. Acad. X. :<50.
J', moiiilifera, Nowliorry, PaciHr K. Rep. vi. f^ ; Watson, Hot. King Rep. vh 1^27.
Valley of the upper Sacramento River, California j eastward in Ne-
vada and Southern Utah.
A large tree,
var. Wiilizeni, Watnon, in Am. Jour. Sci. (3 8er.), xv. 137. (P. monili/eraf
Ton. Hot. Mcx. Bound. 204.)
" The prevalent Cottonwood in the more southern districts, ranging,
from San Diego County, California (Jam»d Valley, Palmer), and the
Colorado Valley (Fort Yuma, Schott), to Southern Utah and the Rio
Grande."— ( Watson, Hot. Cal. ii. 92, ined.)
265.
Populni grandidentata, Mlcbx.
Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Canada, and through the Northern
States ; along the Alleghany Mountains to North Carolina, and west to
Wisconsin and Iowa. Rare at the South ; common at the North.
Wood white, soft, very light ; large quantities of the wood of thia
species have of late years been ground into pulp in Northern New
England and Michigan, and used as a substitute for rags in the manu-
facture of paper.
A medium-sized tree, sometimes 70 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk.
20 to 30 inches in diameter.
266. Popolus heterophylla, L.
P. argenieOf'Michx.f.
P. heterophjfUa, var. argentea, Wesniael in DC. Prodr. xvi*. 326.
DOWNY POPLAR. COTTON TREE.
Western Massachusetts ; ? Northport, Long Island, to the valley of
the lower Ohio River ; south to the Cape Fear River, North Carolina, and
Southern Arkansas.
1
Mi
, 1 .
267.
268.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
60
Wood white, soft, probably of little value.
A large tree, often 70 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 4 feet in
diameter ; in swamps and along river bottoms. Bare.
267.
Populus monilifera, Ait.
P. angulata, Ait.
/'. anguloaa, Miclix.
P. Canadeiuis, Desf.
P. Marylandica, Bos*-.
P. Iwvigata, Wilhl.
P. glatidalosa, Mtrncli.
COTTONWOOD. NECKLACE POPLAR. CAROLINA POPLAR.
Western New England, west to the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and
Idaho?; south to Florida and Louisiana.
Wood white, soft, of little value.
A large tree, 80 to 100 feet in height, and with a trunk 4 to 8 feet in
diameter; the common Cottonwood of the western plains, bordering all
streams flowing east from the Rocky Mountains.
vifi', ,
268.
Fopulns tremuloides, Michx.
AMERICAN ASPEN. QUAKING ASP.
Arctic America, south to the mountains of Pennsylvania, New Mexico,
and the valley of the Sacramento River, California. Very common on all
the mountain ranges from the Rocky Mountains, west and north, at
6,000 to 10,000 feet elevation, in moist slopes and bottoms. Not yet
seen on the high peaks of the southern Alleghany Mountains, to which
it might naturally extend.
Wood white, soft, easily worked; esteemed and somewhat used in
Utah for flooring and in turnery, and in Northern New England with
that of P. grandidentata in the manufacture of paper.
A small tree, sometimes 50 feet in height, with a trunk rarely exceed-
ing 18 inches in diameter. The most widely distributed of North Ameri*
can trees.
269. Populus triohooarpa, Turr. & Gray.
p. huhami/era, var. y Hook. Flor. Bor. Am. ii. 154.
P. bahamifera, var. (f) CaUfornica, Watson, Am. Jour. Sci. (3 set.) xv. 136.
<' San Diego, California, northward to British Columbia, and extend-
ing into Western Nevada. Accordiiig to Douglas it attains in Wash-
ington Territory a height of 60 to 100 feet, with a diameter of 2 to 6
feet. It is generally found scattered, or in open spaces along stream
banks and in river bottoms at an altitude not exceeding 6,000 feet." —
Watson^ hot. Ca\. li. 91, ined.)
270.
271.
272.
273.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
61'
TAXACEiE. . /
270. Torreya Californica, Ton-.
T. JIdjfristica, Mnir, Ediub. New Phil. Journal, x. 7, t. 3j Bot. Mag. t. 4780.
CALIFORNIA NUT3IEG.
California, from Mendocino County to Yuba and Mariposa Counties.
Wood light-colored, close-grained, compact, heavy, odoriferous, prob-
ably valuable.
A tree, 50 to 75 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to 3 feet in diameter j
when cut throwing up suckers very freely from the stump.
271.
Torreya tazifolia, Am.
STINKING CEDAR.
<
Along the eastern bank of the Apalachicola Eiver, Middle Florida.
Wood exceedingly durable, odoriferous, especially when burned.
A small or medium-sized tree, 20 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk 1
to 3 feet in diameter; like the last throwing up suckers when cut from
the stumj) ; an exceedingly local species,
extermination.
272. Taxus brevifolia, Nutt.
T. haccata, Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. ii. 167, in part.
T. Bouraieri, Carriere. Rev. Hort. 1854, 228.
T. Lindlejfana, Muir, Edinb. New Phil. Journal, i. 294.
British Columbia, and south to the Sierra Nevada of Central California.
Wood reddish, hard, tough, elastic, very heavy, durable, susceptible
of a brilliant polish.
In Oregon a tree, 40 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes ^
feet in diameter, in California rarely exceeding 20 to 30 feet in height.
,1?: r li
273.
Taxus Floridana, Nutt.
Banks of the Apalachicola River, Middle Florida.
A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height; very local, and still imperfectly
known.
Taxus baocata, L., var. Canadensis, Gray. (T. Canadensis, Willd.
A shrubby species ; common in Canada and the Northeastern States,
south to the mountains of Virginia.
^. h¥
*1
* 'I
il
4
274.
276.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 62
CONIFER^E.
274. Juniperns Californica, CiirritM«.
J. Andina, Nutl. 7
J. tetragona, var. OHteoaperma, T«)rr.
J, C'erroaianua, Kcllog^r.
J. occidental is, Pari, in DC. Prodr. xvi'. 48i), in part.
California, in the Cloast Ranges, from the valley of the Sacramento
River, south to San Diego.
Wood light-colored, slightly aromatic, close-grained, moderately heavy.
A shrub or small tree, sometimes 20 to 30 feet in height.
var. Utahensis, Kngelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis, iii. 588 ; {J. 0Ccidentali8j
Watson, Bot. King Rop. v. 336, in part.)
On all the ranges of Central Kevada, south to Arizona and Southern
Utah ; very common at 5,000 to 8,000 feet elevation.
Wood resembling that of the species, and in Central Nevada furnish-
ishing the common and cheapest fuel.
A shrub or low bushy tree, 10 to 20 feet in height, with a trunk rarely
exceeding 2 feet in diameter.
275.
Junipems occidentalis, Hook.
J. exceUa, Pnrah.
Oregon and Idaho, south to California, on the high Sierra Nevada.
In Oregon, a large tree; smaller in California, or often reduced to a
shrub.
var. monospdnna, Eugelnu Trans. St. Lenis Acad. iii. 590.
Pike's Pejik, Colorado, through Western Texas and New Mexico to
Arizona and Southern California.
A shrub or small tree.
var.? oonjnngens, Engelm., l. c.
"Western Texas, where it forms forests and is an important timber
tree, although not as large nor as easily worked and useful as the Red
Cedar of the plains of Eastern Texas." — {Lindheimer.)
276. Junipems paohyphloea, Torr.
J. plochydenna, Torr. in Sitgr. Rep. t. 1(5.
New Mexico and Arizona.
"A middle-sized tree, with a spreading, rounded top, thick and much
cracked bark, and pale, reddish wood." — {Engelm., Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii.
589.)
277. JuniperuB Virginiana, l.
RED CEDAR. SATIN.
New Brunswick and Canada up to latitude 45° north ; south to Flor-
ida, and west to British Columbia, Washington Territory, and Eastern
^.-m
■ ""'*;
.-1^
■ ."i;;"
m
• ■>■''?'
M
%\.
278.
279.
280.
281.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
63
Texas; not in Western Texas, California, or probably Oregon j rare in
IJtab, Arizona, and Central Nevada.
Heart-wood red, aromatic, close-grained, compact, very durable;
largely employed in cabinet-making, for fence posts, railway ties, pencils,
&c.
A tree, sometimes 60 to 80 feet in height, or, near its northern limit,
reduced to a low shrub or small tree.
The most widely-distributed and one of the most valuable of North
American Conifer a\ ..
278.
CupresBus Ooveniana, Gordon.
"A shrub or small bushy tree, to 10 feet high or more.
"California, in the Coast Kanges from about Monterey to Sonoma
County.
" In Marin County it is said to sometimes attain a height of 40 to 80
feet. A doubtful form is reported from Cedar Mountain, Alameda
County (Dr. Kellogg), descjribed as a handsome tr ee, 30 to 40 feet high,
of dense 8ymmetri(5al growth." — { Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 114, hied.)
279.
Cupressus Macnabiana, Muir.
California, "about Clear Lake {Torrey, Bolander); originally reported
by Jeftrey from Mount Shasta, at 5,000 feet altitude.
"A shrub or small tree, C to 10 feet high or more." — (Watson^
Bot. Cal. ii. 114, nierf.)
280.
Cupressus maorocarpa, Hart
w.
C. LambiTtiana, Gord.
C. Harlwegii, Carriers.
MONTEREY CYPRESS.
California, " on granite rocks near the sea ; from Point Pinos, near
Monterey, southward 4 or 5 miles to Pescadero Kanch. The largest
measurement recorded ( Brewer) is a circumference of trunk 18§ feet at
a height of 5 or G feet from the ground." — ( Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 113, ined.)
A tree, 40 to 70 feet in height.
These species are still very iniperfeofly known, and the attention of California
botanists is call«'d to the importance of stndying, in the feld, the various species of
Cuprea8U8 native of their State.
281. ChamsBoyparis Lawsoniana, Pari, in DC. Prodr. xvi^ 464.
Ctipresaun LitiraoHiana, Mnrr.
Cuprexnuti Nitlkaeiixiii, Torr. Bot. Wilkes, t. 1(5.
Cupreasiiii fratjrani^, Ki'Ungtf.
CupreHHUs atteiiuttia, Gonloiu
OREGON CEDAR. WHITE CEDAR.
Oregon and southward along the Coast Ranges to the Mount Shasta
region. Northern California.
'1 J|
V ~ 1 T-
.5 .'>';
mi
283.
284.
280.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
64
Wood white, fraj^ruiit, close-^'ained, compact, elastic, free of knots,
easily worked, very durable.
A large tree, 100 to 150 feet iu height, with a trunk 2 to 6 teet in
diameter.
282. msBcyparis Nutkaensis, Spucii.
Thuya exceha, Rmtfi.
CiipreHHHS XutkaetimH, Lninb.
Citpnmus Amcrkaiia, Trautv.
C. exvelm, Fisfli.
Thu\ioimahoreaUH,\\ov{.
Thityopsia Tchugatskoi/, Horfc.
Sitka; southward to the Cascade Mountains.
Wood white, soft, (jloar, easily worked ; susceptible of a beautiful
polish; probably very valuable.
A tree, sometimes 100 feet iu height.
283. ChamsBcyparis apheeroidea, Spacli.
CiiprcMHUH Thyoidea, L.
Thuya Hpharuidalia, Kich.
WHITE CEDAR.
Essex County, Massachusetts; south to Florida, near the coast; and
in Wisconsin.
Wood reddish, light, soft, fine-grained, easily split and worked,
very durable; employed for shingles, in boat-building, cooperage, and
largely for railway ties, posts, fencing, &c.
A tree, 40 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk often 2 to 3 feet in
diameter^ always in deep, cold swamps.
284.
T. pHcata, Doiin.
T. Menzieaii, Doiigl.
Thuya gigantea, Nntt.
WESTERN ARBOR VIT^.
Sitka, and southward through the Coast Kauges and the Cascade
Mountains to Northern California.
Wood light-colored, soft, easily worked, moderately durable ; used
lor shingles, and often sawed into boards, althougji liable to split and
warp when exposed to the sun.
A large tree, 100 to 150 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 12 feet in
diameter.
285.
Thuya occidentalis, L.
ARBOR VITiE. WHITE CEDAR.
James' Bay and the Saskatchewan, south through British America,
except Newfoundland and Nova Scotia ; common in the Northeastern
::.::i
I
Lip. ■ lr4
''n:-^.\i.'
vv:
.«,■;•, -:■ -S' .f..
<'-n
286.
288.
CATALOaUE OF FOUEHT TREES.
65
states tJ Poniisylvania, and occasionally along the Alleghany Mount-
ains to North Carolina ; west to Northern Michigan and Wisconsin.
Wood light-colored, compact, light, very dunible ; largely employed
lor posts, railway tics, fencing, «&c.
A small tree, 20 to 50 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to li feet in diaui-
eter; in Hwami)s and along the rocky banks of streams.
fr
ins
286.
Libooedrns decnrreni, 'I'orr.
Thiijiu Craiyiaun, Halfoiir.
.' Thuya gifiaiilea, Cnl■|•i^I•••.
llvjldfi'm ileninriiH, Kocli.
WHITE CEDAR.
Oregon, to Han Diego, California; in the Coast Ranges and in the Sierra
Nevada, up to 8,500 feet elevation. (
Wood light-colored, soft, and said to be durable.
A large tree, 100 to l.'iO feet in height, with a trunk 4 to 7 feet in
diameter.
287. .' ' Taxodium distiohum, lii«-imr«l.
Cupt'enHiiH dialivlui,h.
BALD CYPRESS. BL.U'K f'VPRESS. WHITE CYPRESS. DECIDUOUS
CYPRES^
Southern Delaware tu Southern Florida, near tlie <;oast ; and from
Carroll County, Indiana, Southern Illinois and Missouri, south to Ala-
bama, Louisiana, and Eastern Texsis.
Wood reddish, strong, light, compact, easily split and worked, very
durable. Largely used in construction in the form of boards and square
timber, for shingles, posts, railway ties, fencing, &c.
A large tree, sometimes reiiching uuiler favorable circumstances in
the Southern States, a height of 150 feet, with a diameter of trunk of
10 to 12 feet or more ; in swamps, or the inundated borders of streams ;
one of the most valuable trees of the North American forests.
.i Ml
m
288. Sequoia gigantea, Dtctiisnt'.
U'eUhiglonia ghjHntea, Lindl.
JFaHh'tHgtonia CaliforHicii {Turotlhim ffitshhiyloiihitiiim), \\"m»ht\v.
S. fVelUHgtoiiiaiia, Seoiii.
TuxtMlinm gigaiitrum, Kt-ll. & Ih-lir.
BK; TREE.
California, along the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada at about
4,000 feet elevation from IMacer County to Deer Creek, on the southern
borders of Tulare County ; in small or isolated groves, except toward its
southern Wmit where it forms an extensive forest, some 40 miles in
length by G to 8 miles in width. Wood didl red, very .light, and
9
• :'i--
-4]
■:^'ii
ir
. . l\
■'J'.
hA.'
289.
290.
291.
CATALOGUE OK P0BE8T TKKE8.
66
riMiiarkubly (himblc. (Hco Mnir in l>r<»c Ahht. Awmm-. XXV. 343.) TlielargeMt
I I'M) of the Anioricaii f'orcstH.
*< It has an average height of 27o feet, with a trunk 20 fct^t in diameter ;
tlio hirgeHt moasuronient being 3U0 feet in height, and a diamet«r of 35
feet 8 inches within the bark, at four feet alwve the ground."— ( WataoH
ill H«t. ('111. li. iir, ;««/.)
289.
SequoU lemperTirent, Kmli.
TiuwHhm HemiM'i'i'ifi-HH, Lniiib.
S'hubrrliii nemiM-rrh'eH*, SpiK-li.
RED WOOD.
California, from tlie northern portion of tlie State, Month onl^' in the
Coast KangeH to Han LuiH ObiM])o.
AVood red, light, elo.se-grained, compact, easily Hplit and worked, sus-
ceptible of a tine pnlisli, and very durable ; largely sawn into boards and
shingles; and furnishing the common and cheapest lumber, railway ties,
]M)sts, and fencing, of the Pacific coast. "^
The forests of this species are economicnilly the nio.st valuable of Cal-
if4»mia; but owing to their a<r('essibility to tidcsvater, are in great
danger of speedy extermination.
»' In size the red wood usually averages 8 to lli feet in diameter, and
from 200 to .')00 in height, with a straight cylindrical barrel, naked to
the heiglit of 70 to 100 feet or nu>re." ( Watson in M»t. Ciil. ii. 117, iucd.)
This species is remarkable for its tenacity of life, the stumps and
i-oots throwing up for a long time great-numbers of vigorous suckers.
290. Abies baltamea, MarHimil.
PIhhh hahamm, L.
A. balmmijmi, Miclix.
I'iccti huhumra, LoihI.
HALSAM riK. HALM OF (ilLKAl) VUl.
(*anada. Nova Scotia, and the Northeastern States, south along the
Alleghany Mountains to Virginia; west along the great lakes to Wis-
consin and Minnesot^i.
W«M>d white and soft ; oc(;asioually made into shingles, but of little
value.
A tree, sometimes 70 fc in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 18
inches in <liameter; in cold, <l imp woods and mountain swamps; or at
high elevations reduced to a prostrate shrub {A, HiKhnniann, Hort.).
291.
Abies bracteata. Nutt.
I'hiim reiiHiiUi, Doiijjl.
P'muH bi-acteala, Don.
Piceii bnu'teufd, LiiuU.
Southern California, only in the Santa Lucia Mountains, at an eleva-
tion of 3,000 to 6,000 feet.
A little known tree, 100 to 150 feet in height.
r !■
' 4
^i
• l-l
298
♦M ;,.:?>
^\::-:h{i
'■''.iMi
>-
<i-.
*<!,'
'iv'^J.;;, ii;,.;'j. i;,;.?^^.
.■»'?*. 'U ' ,<
I ^' : ' >■ . " t (
•>i,?,(;t;i*!!.
• iV.i. i-''?^
>-) 'SHvi'i
'■;.i«;,:^ .>:, .;M-
2)3.
.i i
U-,
■»«M.
**S»SVJ,.,' .?<,
294.
CATALOOUE OF FOREST TREES. 67
292. Abies ooncolor, Lindi.
J'kea fOHvohr, (iordon. .
I'inuH coHcolor, Engelm. • .. ' -/
J. Lowiana, Murr. * /'
A. grandis, of the California botanists.
A. amabilia,{l) Watson, King. Kep. v. :):<3.
A. lasioearpa, Hoii;. [not Hook.]
A. Parmniaua, Hort.
A. amabiliH, Hort.
WHITE FIR.
From SoutUeru Oregon through the Sierra Nevada, at 3,000 to 8,000
feet elevation, and through the mountains of Oregon to Utah and South-
ern Colorado.
Wood i>robably of little value.
A large tree, 80 to 150 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 in diameter
232.
Abies Fraseri, LinUi.
Finan Frumri, PnrHli.
Only on the summits of the peaks of North Carolina and Tennessee, T
which exceed 0,000 feet in height.
Wood white, soft, of little value.
A small tree, 20 to 40 feet in height, Avith a trunk not exceeding 18
inches in diameter. - •
294. Abies grandis, Liniii.
/'(«H«i grauiUs, Dongl.
Pinvs amahilw, Dongl. f [not of later authors].
, Picea grandis, Loud.
A. Gordoiiiaita, Carrion*.
British Columbia, south to Mendocino County, California, near the
coast.
Wood considered valuable.
The largest species of the genus, reaching 200 to 300 feet in height
with a trunk 3 to 4 feet in diameter.
Var. densiflora, Engclm., Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 594. BaiSC of Mount
Hood to British Columbia.
295. Abies magnifloa, Murr.
J. <iMUi((7i«, of the California botanists.
BED FIR.
"The Red Fir of the higher Sierras is not rare at an altitude of 7,000
to 10,000 feet, but forms no forests by itself. Easily distinguished from
the next species by the inclosed bracts. Forms, however, are said to
occur (Mount Silliman, Brewer), with exserted bracts, and it remains to bo
11
It
i&i-^i
■■.:il
f:: : <*W-,
1. ■■rf*-'f
■ ;v»i,
i>r ;'"''!kl
'■1l
296.
297.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
68
Heeii whether the slight diifereuces in the leaves, scales, and seeds will
suffice to keep the species separate." {Engelm., iu Bot. Cal. ii. 119, i»e<f.)
A large tree, 200 feet or more in height, v ith a trunk 8 to 10 feet in
diameter.
296.
Abies nobilis, Lindl.
riiiiiH nohilin, Doiigl.
Vkva HohU'm, Loud.
Base of Mount Shasta, California, Avhere it forms extensive forests at
an elevation of 0,000 to 8,000 feet, and north through the (Cascade
Mountains to the Columbia Kiver.
Wood said to be more valuable than that of the other species of the
genus.
A largo tree, 200 feot in height.
297. Abies subalpina, Kiiju'elm.
J. Umoanpti, YUmk. V\. Ii<»r. Am. ii. 163? [not Hoit.]. "^
J. biJ'oUa, MiuT. '"
A. umahlUs, Pari, in DC. I'lodr. w'vK 42(5, in part.
A. ijrundlH, of th« Colorado botauLsts.
"It extends from the higher nwmutains of Colorado and the adjoining
parts of Utah, northward to Wyoming and Montana, where it is the
only species, and westward to the mountains of Oregon, and into Brit-
ish Columbia (Fraser River), and southward probably to Mount Shasta;
always scattered in the subalpine forests, and, at least in Colorado, com-
ing up almost to the timber limit; but never alone constitutiug forests."
{Kngehn.y Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 597.)
Wood light-coloied, soft, almost worthless.
A tree, GO to 100 feet in height, with a trunk often more than 2 feet
in diameter.
var. fallax, Engi^m. l. c (.1. amabllis, Xcwborry, I'iic. K. Uop. vi. .")1.)
High summits of the Cascade Mountains, south of the Columbia liiver,
and in the Wasatch Mountaius, Utah.
If
'\''''"<iit
irii
m
:'-^
298. Pseudotsuga Douglasii, Ciurii-rt'.
/'. Doiif/lasii, SaMnc.
AbieH J >0Hgla8U, Dollar],
Tuiiga UoHijlam, Carrioro.
DOUGLAS Sl'Rl'CK.
Oregon and California, in the Coast Ranges, and along the west flank
of the Cascade and Sierra Nevada Ranges up to 0,000 to 8,000 feet ele-
vation, extending south into Mexico, and east through Arizona and
New Mexico to the Rocky Mountains of Colorado.
Wood yellow or reddish, coarse-grained, heavy, strong; largely sawn
into boards and square timber; used for masts, spars, &c.
m
299.
300.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
69
A treo, 200 to 300 feet i.i heij^ht, with a trunk 8 to 15 feet in diameter;
the most valuable timber tree of Oregon, reaching there its greatest de-
velopment, and forming probably the heaviest forest growth known,
vat. maorocarpa, Engelm., n<»t. Cal. ii. ViO, hud. {Abies macroearpa, Vasoy in
Gard. Monthly, ,1 nn«', 187(5.).
Southern California, in the caDons of the foothills of the San Ber-
nardino ^Fountains and in the San Felipe Canon.
A small and little known tree, 40 to 50 or rarely 80 feet in height,
with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter; cones much larger than in the
species.
299. Tsuga Canadensis, Carriii-c
I'lniiv ('aiindviinh, L.
ricea Cfj««f?t;»»»»'«, Link.
ilEMLOCK.
Xorthern New Brunswick, through the valleys of the Saint Lawrence
and upper Ottawa llivers to the western shore of Lake Superior ; south
through the Northern States and along tlie Alleghany Mountains south
to Ilabershaw County, Georgia.
Wood light-colored, coarse and crooked-grained, light, very liable to
splinter ; largely sawn into boards of aii inferior quality.
A tree, 70 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter ;
in rather dry, rocky situations, generally on the north side of hills ; of
grciit economic value on account of its bark, which is richer in tanniu
than that of any common tree of the Northeastern States.
300. Tsuga Mertensiana, Can-itro.
• rhius MertvHitiana, 1t«>ii);.
Abk'H MerleH8lana,lAntl\.
.thiea AlbertiduafMnrr. '
Ahks Uridgeitii, Kellogg.
In the coiist regions, from Alaska south to Mendocino and ]N[ariu
Counties, Caliibrnia.
Wood less coarse and straighter-graincd than in the last species.
A tree, 100 to 200 feet in height.
301. Tsnga Pattoniana, KiigHni.
AliUti l'atlonU,»v Pattoniana, Jvft'vvy.
Abies nookcriaiia, Muvv.
Abies fViUiamaoiiiiy'Scwhvrvy.
Pinun PuttoniaiKi, Paii.
California and Oregon, "in the highest timber regions of the Sierra
Nevada, at 8,000 to 10,000 feet altitude ; from the head of the San
Joaquin liiver, northward and through the Cascade Mountains, near
Crescent City descending to near the coast. {Brcicer.y {Engehn., Bot.
Cal. ii. 121, ined.)
''■"'5I
' Ml
■'"IT
'la
Pfi
: ■ »l
■ ■ ?I
- ":«.|5
i;:i
302.
303.
304.
CATALOGrE OP FOREST TREES.
70
A large tree, KK) to ITiO feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 feet iu
diameter, or at high elevations redncod to a low shnib.
302. Pioea alba, Link.
I'iuHs «//;«, Ait.
Abkx »lha, Mi«-lix.
WHITE SPRUCE. SlXCil.E SlMtUCE.
From abont latitnde 07^° north, sonth through British America to
Korthern Maine, the southern shores of Lake Superior, Northern Min-
nesota, and Dakota?
Wood light-colored, ligliter than that of the Black Spruce ; preferred
for the masts of boats, small spars, &c., but probably little used within
the limits of the United States.
A small tree, sometimes 50 feet in height, with a trunk rarely, if ever,
exceeding 18 to 24 inches in diameter.
-\
'\
303. Picea Engelmanni, Kn^^'cim.
Abies uiiiru, VAifrfhu.'luot. Voir,'],
JbkH Kngclmaiiiii, Parry.
n»ufi vommntata, I'tirl.
British Columbia, and Oregon, south through the Kocky Mountains
to Arizona (San Francisco ]\[ountain8, Sierra Blanca, Blount (Jraham),
and east to the Black Hills of Dakota.
Wood resembling th at of the eastern Black Spruce.
A large tree, with a trunk sometimes 2 to ',\ feet in diameter, or above
the timber line reduced to a prostrate shrub; in Colorado forming ex-
tensive forests at 8,.^()0 to 11,5()0 feet elevation, and furnishing the most
valuable tindier of the central Bocky Mountain region.
304.
Picea nigra, Link.
I'inns tiiijt'H, Alt.
AbieH nigra, Mic-lix. ,
/'/««<* rubra, Lamb.
Abiea rubra, I'oir.
.tbien nigra, var. rubra, Michx.f.
/'. rubra. Link.
Xewfoundland, Xova S(H)tia, and ('anada; through the Northern
States, from Maine to Wi8(;onsin, and soutl^ along the Alleghany
Mountains to the high peaks of North Carolina.
Wood light-coloi-ed or reddish, light, elastic, strong; largely sawn
into boards and square timber; formerly somewhat used in ship-
building, for spars, &c. ; also now largely employe<l in the manufacture
of paper. The Si>ruce lumber of the eastern markets is derived from
til is sjiecies.
!■■■>
r, 1 1
'in
•*iil
■■'■ '^if
•■■•■% '
,*tfi*- Jm^'SH
305.
., > 1- 'M ■
If:! .f:
yi i.
'■■'>■,.',■ .ji.
^f ^h
msit'i A:
U
lit/- i; r;>»(? J. . •*
>•';■(••<•'*< ">.*'„.(
■,V -V-'"),-
t'Hf;
ift'tdji^
1 '-i
* ,■ <>' \>\'<
.1 : tii ?i-.vJ' j.'-.nf ; iMtiiifsi .Ji.VK'S'y'i
'/, .' II;
• 1 n\ ]-i'/' '>
;' •*» .">','.)j > MM'tf.
'biapdl* rf
! ?* 'M'SO/
306.
ia,i.^n!i{{»«^fi,fl Rr)r>jf
M«« i
U\if''
;!' ;J|
;.i?:T)'-v v;.i!,i/l
307.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
71
A Htnall or mediitm-si/ed tree, 50 to 70 feet in height, with a tnink
2 to 3 feet in diameter; in high mountain woods ; sometimes in cold^
deep swamps, when it is small, stunted, and of little value. '
305. Piosa pungens, Kn^rt'im.
Jbieit M4-ti:ie)iii of C'olorndt) ImttiniHtH.
Rocky Mountains of CNtlorado, extending into Wyoming and perhaps
Idaho.
A large tree, 100 to 150 feet iu height, with a tiunk 2 to 3 feet in
diameter; at 0,000 to 8,500 feet elevation; never forming forests but
scattered along streams, in damp, moist soil.
306.
Pioea Sitchensis, cairitrc
Phi UB Sitvhenais, Boufi.
I'imis Mem'teaii, Dougl. ^
Ahie» Men:\e»u, Liiidl,
Alaska, south to Mendoeino ('ounty, (California, near the (roast, and
east to ?
Wood light-colored, straight-grained, valuable; resembling and prob-
ably surpassing that of the eastern Black Spruce.
A tree, 150 to 200 feet in height, with a trunk C to 9 feet in diameter ;
in wet, sandy soil, generally near the mouths of streams. Rare. Its
range to the east still uncertain.
A peculiar Spniee hIiouM be looked for in Strawborry VnUcy and otlu'r valleys and
HlopcH about Mount Shnnta, California, at 3,500 to 4,000 feet eh^vation; about which
nothing in known but "that itn hnvcr braiiehen are very lon^r, slender, and handsome,
and its loaves nuuih naiTower tlian thiise of P. Sitchenitis ; 7 to 9 lines long, and two-
tliirils pf n lino wide, «|uito obtuse, strongly keeled, and stoniatoso on the upper side
and without sfouiata beneath." {Engclm., Rot. Cat. ii. 12:<, \nv(\.)
:^m^
307.
Larix Americana, Michx.
Phiiis pvudithi.Xit. • '
A. ^'N(/H/(i,Siilisb.
A,. »»acr«»«i»7w, Forbes.
L.iiitenHedia,LoAi\.
PiHU» mnei'ocarp(i,\4amh. -'-.'.
AMERICAN LARCH. HLACK LARCH. TAMARACK. HACKMATAC.
Latitude 05° north, south through British America ; in the Northern
States tVom Maine to Wisconsin, and south to the mountains of Penn-
sylvania.
Wood light-colored, strong, very durable ; extensively used and pre-
ferred for the upper knees of ships, and for posts, railway ties, &c.
In Libraior and Newfoundlml, a tree 80 to 100 feet in height, with
338.
309.
310.
311.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
72
a trunk 80iiictiiii08 2 to 3 feet in dinmoter; oii inoiHt iiplandH or interval
lauds ; within tlio limits of the United States, smaller, less valuable,
and ohvayH i:: cold, damp swanipN.
338.
Lariz Lyallii, I'ari.
I'hnit Lyallii, Purl.
Oregon, in the Cascade and GaUon Uangeis, at <>,()()0 to 7,(MK) feet ele-
vation.
A Mmall and little known tree.
309.
Lariz oooidentalis, Nntt.
L. Amofimiia, vur. hirci/oUa, ('urHJ-rc
I'lHUH XiillaUii, I'nrl.
Oregon and Washington Territory, in the Cascade Mountains up to
5,000 feet elevation, and eastward to the western slopes of the IJocky
Mountains.
A little known tree, said to attain a height of J 50 feet, with a trunk
2 to 3 feet in diauneter.
1 1
310.
PinuB Arizonioa, EnKt'im-
WheekM-'H Kcp. vi. 'M).
On the Santa llita jStountain, Southern Arizona. "The bt*st lumber
of that region ; there called Yellow Pine." — {Rothrock.)
A little known tree, 40 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diam-
eter ; only collected by Dr. Rothrock in 1S74.
i
til
.,,.:■
•M^
m
■; )l
Finns australis, .Mi*iix.
311.
I', pal list rin, Mill.
LONtJ-LEAVEl) IMNK. SomiERN riXK. (JEORtJlA IMNK.
PINE. YELLOW PINE. HARD PINE.
BROWN
Southern Virginia to Florida and Mississippi, Louisiana, in the Val-
ley of the lied River, and probably in Eastern Texas ; not extending
more than 100 miles from the coast.
Wood superior to that of any other North American J*ine ; strong,
compact, straight-grained, remarkably free from sap-wood, very dura-
ble ; largely employed in construction of all sorts, ship-building, and
for fencing, railway ties, &c. From this species nearly all the turpen-
tine, tar, pitch, and rosin produced in the United States is derived.
A tree of the first economic value, 60 to 80 feet in height, witli a trunk
2 to 4 feet in diameter; in dry, sandy soil, or more rarely in low swamps.
.'■til
312.
313.
314.
315.
318.
CATALOGUE OV FOREST TREES.
Final Balfouriana, .ifttrey.
FOXTAIL IMNK. IIICKOIIY PINK.
78
Calitorniii, in the Mount Slin-stn region, on tlie HnnkM of Scott Mount-
ain, at 5,<M)<) to H,00() t'l'i^t elevation, forming; an extensive forest (Lem-
mo/(); on Mount VVIiituey and on the heaihvaters of Kin^^ and Kerr
Rivers.
A niediuinsi/cd tree, rarely exccedinj; 50 feet in Iiei^ht,witli a trunk
H(»uietinies.'> fe«>t in diameter.
var. ariitata, Hiip'lni., Hot.Cal. ii. i'ir>, im<i {Pinita ai'iHtata, llufivhu. Am.
Juiirn. 8('i. {'2 wr.) xxxiv. XVi, iiud TriiiiH. Acad. 8t. LoiiIh, ii. '2(Ci, t. r>, 0.)
Mountains pf Southeastern California ; on the high mountains through
Nevada, Northern Arizona, and Southern Utah to Colorado, above 7,500
feet, antl in Colorado reaching 12,000 feet elevation.
Wood reddish, close-grained, tougli, very strong ; in Central Nevada
preferred for the timbering of mines.
A tree, 5(» to 100 feet in height. ^
■■■"■■■■" i
313. ' ' Pinni Banksiana, Lamh.
/', IliiHitoniru. Poir.
■ ' /'. rnjM'»i<rif, Miflix. f.
SCRlll FINE. (;RAY fink.
From latitude r»5^ north, south through Ilritish America to the north-
ern borders of Maine, Michigan, Wisconsin ; and in Minnesota and
Dakota f
Wood hard, very rc^sinous, of little value ; in New Brunswick some-
what used for railway ties.
A low shrub or tree, rarely exceeding 20 feet in height.
(11
4
Ui\
I. If"!
I 5;i
'ijiii
■'■k
314.
PinuB Chihuahuana, Kii};t-iui.
Sanoita Valley, Southern Arizona, at C,5(K) feet elevation, and com-
mon in Western Chihuahua.
A tree, .'iO to 50 feet in height.
315. Pinus contorta, Dougi.
r. inops, Ifoiig. Vt'H. Sitcli. 4').
P. IMaiukri, Fail, iu UC. Frodr. xvi-. :»79.
Alaska, south to Mendocino County, California, near the coast.
A small tree, 5 to 25 feet in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 6
inches in <liameter ; in wet, sandy soil.
var. Murrayana, Engelm. Hot. Cal. ii. F2G, iiml ( p. contorta, Newberry, Pacif.
R. Rep. iv. 34, t. 5, and of the Californian botanists. P. IHOps, Beutb. PI. Hartw.
P. Murrayana, Murr. P. contorta, var. latifoUa, Engelm. in Bot. King Rep.
vi. 331,&c.)
Tamarack.
10
'id
■''^'i<tl
ittji
'V'
316.
^*< ■' '/>
■;t«;;>^'» Av.iV
'i^ vj^K^
317.
•^'f^^l^ ■
.4?*'
318.
319.
CATALOGUE OP FOREST TREES.
74
Oregon, ia the Cascade Mountains ; common in the high Sierras of
California, where, at an elevation of 8,000 to 9,000 feet, it forms exten-
sive forests; in the Bocky Mountains of Colorado and Southern Utah.
Wood white, very light, straight-grained, valuable.
A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 feet in diameter.
316. Finns Conlteri, Don.
I', macrocarpaf Lindl.
California, in the Coast Banges, from Monte Diablo south to the
southern border of the State. >
Wood said to be brittle.
A tree, 50 to 70 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to 2 feet in diameter.
:,
317.
Finns ednlis, Engelm.
PlSfON. NUT PINE.
Canon City, Colorado, south through ISew Mexico and Arizona.
Wood supplying a valuable fuel.
A small tree, rarely reaching 30 feet in height, with a trunk 8 to 12
inches in diameter; the large edible seeds furnishing to the Indians a
valuable article of food. "
318.
Finns Elliottii, Engelm. ined.
South Carolina, to Florida and Southern Alabama, near the coast.
A large tree, probably often confounded with P. Taeda.
319.
Finns flezilis, Jamea.
WHITE PINE.
In the Bocky Mountains, from Montana to New Mexico ; on the high
mountain ranges of Nevada (above 8,000 feet elevation), Arizona, and
on the Inyo Mountains and Mount Silliman, California.
Wood white, soft, and, although not free from knots, of fair quality ;
intermediate between eastern white pine and sugar pine.
A tree, 50 to CO feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 feet in diameter ;
the most valuable timber tree of Central Nevada, where it is sawn into
boards.
Var. albioanlis, Engelm. Bot. Cal. ii. 124, incct. (P. aWicauUs, Enirolra. p.
cenibroides, Newberry. P. Shasta, Carri^re.)
Montana, British Columbia, and on the alpine peaks of the Sierra
Nevada, from Mount Shasta to Mono Pass, and in the Scott Mountains,
California.
A tree, 40 to 50 feet in height, or at the highest elevations reduced to
a low shrub.
M
^■0
m
; "1 - ,
>:i:i.^:'-T.;-iir;ji!:(c
320.
381.
.■S*'»,t;fl
.t .:;ii
322.
r,/r. *i
323.
320.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
Finns glabra, Walt.
SPRUCE PINE.
75
South Carolina, to Florida and Mississippi, near the coast.
Wood soft and white.
A tree, 40 to GO feet in height, with a trunk 12 to 18 inches in diam-
eter; in swampy soil. Eare.
321.
Finns inops, Ait.
JERSEY PINE. SCRUB PINE.
Middle Island, Long Island, Totteuville and Clifton, Sfcaten Island,
New York, south to Cedar Keys, Florida, and from Kentucky to Ar-
kansas {N^uttall).
Wood probably of little value, except as inferior fuel.
A small tree, 10 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk rarely 2 feet in
diameter; in sterile, sandy soil; springing up everywhere on the aban-
doned tobacco-lands of Virginia and North Carolina.
A variety with serotinous cones (P. clausa a \d P. imps^ var. elausa,
Chap.) has been detected in Florida by Dr. Chapman.
M
W
I
■ .'1
322. Finns insignis, Dougl.
I*. Californica, Lois. ? '
i'. adunca, Bosc.
P. radiata, Don.
/*. tuherculata, Don [not Gordon].
MONTEREY PINE.
Seacoast of California, from Pescadero south to Monterey and San
Simeon Bay.
A tree, 80 to 100 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter.
t; »!i
*'. "' .t
■*t '-'11
I, -'^ ';il
■■ -I'ii:!!
-.i.'M
323.
Finns lambertiana, Dongl.
SUaAR PINE.
California, on the Coast Ranges, from the Santa Lucia Mountains
north to Humboldt County, along the Sierra Nevada throughout the
length of the State, especially on the western flank, at 4,000 to 8,000
feet elevation ; and in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon north to the
Columbia River.
Wood resembling that of the eastern white pine, but heavier, stronger,
coarser-grained, and probably less easily worked.
A tree, 150 to 300 feet in height, with a trunk 10 to 20 feet in diameter.
324.
325.
326.
327.
328.
! CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 76'
384. Piniu mitis, Micbx.
P. mriabUis, PnrBh.
YELLOW FWB. SHORT-LEAVED PINE. SPRUCE PINE. V
Gifford's, Staten Island (a single specimen), south to Florida and
Tallapoosa County, Alabama; on the Ozark Mountains of Missouri,
where it is the only Pine, and south into Arkansas ; doubtless in many
intermediate stations.
Wood yellow, hard, compact, durable ; inferior to, although employed
for the same purpose as that of P. australis.
A tree, 40 to 70 feet in height, with a trunk rarely 2 feet in diameter.
325. Finns monophylla, Torr. <& Frem.
P. Fremontiana, Enill. . .:
NUT PINE.
Through Central Nevada, Southern Utah, and Arizona; along the
eastern slope of Sierra Nevada ; and in the Californian Coast Ranges
about Fort Tejou.
Wood white, soft, very resinous, furnishing valuable fuel; and in
Central Nevada, where it will soon be exterminated, largely made into
charcoal.
A small bushy tree, 10 to 20 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 2
feet in diameter ; the large edible seeds invaluable to the Indians of the
"Croat Basin," and their principal article of food.
326. Finns monticola, Dougi.
Washington Tenutory and Oregon in the Cascade Mountains, and
south along the Sierra Nevada to Calaveras County, California, at 7,000
to 10,000 feet elevation.
Wood said to resemble that of the eastern white pine.
A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter^
827.
Finns mnrioata, Don.
p. Edgariana, Hartw.
California, " only near the coast, where it is exposed to the sea winds-
and fogs, to an altitude of 2,000 feet from Mendocino, where it grows
tallest (in peat bogs) to Tomalis Point (in the most sterile soil), Mon-
terey and San Luis Obispo." {Engelm., Bot. Cai. ii. 128, ined.)
A slender tree, 25 to 50, or rarely 80 to 120 feet in height, with a.
trunk 1 to 3 feet in diameter.
328. Finns Farryana, Engeiui.
/*. Llaveana, Toir.
Only collected by Dr. C. C. Parry, 40 miles southeast of San Diego,
m
•«■;'!
II
-1(1
■I
■S!;
.f%
m
■I
'^;.
• ( ''■'■■' £.<.
329.
,Kr>'
Irh
330.
Ai-- 4(, .. - i,w J,
331.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
77
California, and beyond the limits of the United States, to which, how-
over, it may yet perhaps be found to extend.
A small tree, 20 to .'10 feet in height, with a trunk 10 to 18 inches in
diameter.
329.
PinuB ponderosa, Dougl.
i*. Benthamiana, Hartw.
r. lieardnleyi, Murr.
P Craigana, Murr.
YELLOW PINE.
Throughout Oregon and California, especially along the western
slopes of the Sierra Nevada.
Wood yellow, hard, heavy, strong, durable, very valuable.
A large tree, 200 to 300 feet in height, with a trunk 12 to 15 feet in
diameter ; with its varieties the most widely distributed (not yet seen
on any of the mountain ranges of Nevada), and the most valuable of
the M estern Pines.
var, Jeftceji, Eugelui. But. Cal. ii. 120, hied. (P. Jefreyi, Murr. P. deflexa,
Torr., in part.)
Oregon and California, principally along the eastern slopes of the
Sierra Nevada, above 5,000 feet elevation.
A tree, 100 to 200 feet in height, with a trunk 30 to 15 feet in diam-
eter ; often in the most arid situations.
var. scopulonim, Engolm. l. c. (P. ponderosa of the Colorado botanists.)
Throughout the Kocky Mountains from British Columbia to New Mex-
ico and Arizona.
A tree, 80 to 100 feet in height.
330.
Finns pnngens, Michx.
TABLE MOUNTAIN PINE.
In the Alleghany Mountains, from Pennsylvania (Port Clinton, Har-
risburg, «&c.,) to North Carolina.
A small tree, 30 to 50 feet in height, with a trunk 18 to 20 inches in
4liameter. Rare.
331.
P. rubra, Miolix.f.
Pinna resiuosa, Mt.
RED PINE. NORWAY PINE.
From about latitude 50^ north, south through the extreme Northern
and New England States to the mountains of Pennsylvania, and west
to Minnesota.
Wood light-colored, resinous, hard, heavy, durable; employed in con.
Btruction, ship-building, &c.
A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, or in Michigan 100 to 150 feet in
'. If <
i
m
i'..''.x
ml
W
i
l-M
335
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
78
height {B€88€y)f with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter; in light sandy soil.
Nowhere very common ; forming scattered groves, rarely exceeding a
few hundred acres in extent.
332.
Finns rigida, Mill.
PITCH PINE.
Mount Desert, Maine, and Northern Vermont to the upper districts
of Georgia, not extending'^west of the Alleghany Mountain region.
Wood heavy, resinous, or when grown in low gi'ound soft and largely
composed of sap wood ; little used except as fuel, although sometimes
sawed into cheap boards.
A tree, 40 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 30 inches in
diameter ; in the dryest and most barren, sandy soil, or in deep swamps.
333.
Finns Sabiana, Dougi.
California, throughout the Coast Eauges; on the foothills of the
Sierra Nevada, up to 4,000 feet elevation, and in the valley of the Sac
ramento River ; east of the Sierras only seen in Owen's Valley.
A small tree, 40 to 50 feet in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 2
feet in diameter ; the edible seeds supplying the Indians with a valuable
article of food.
334. Finns serotina, MiL-hx.
P. Tmla, var. alopecuroidfa, Ait. Hort. Kew.
POND PINE.
North Carolina, to middle Florida, near the coast.
A tree, 40 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 20 inches
in diameter J injow, swampy, peaty soil.
335
Finns Strobns, L.
WHITE PINE. WEYMOUTH PINE.
Newfoundland, the northern shores of Lake Nipigon and the Saskatch-
ewan ; south through the New England and Northern States, and along
the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia.
Wood white, soft, clear, free of knots; easily worked, and suscept-
ible of a beautiful polish ; durable when not placed in contact with the
soil, although hickiug in strength ; immense quantities of boards annu-
ally sawed from this species are used for the outside covering of build-
ings, packing cases, cabinet work, and many domestic pui'poses.
A tree, 80 to 150 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes, though rarely,,
exceeding 4 feet in diameter.
1
* ]
. ';< (
1
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
79
336.
Pinui TflBda, L.
LOBLOLLY PINE. OLD FIELD PINK.
Southern Delaware ami Fredericksburg, Virginia, to Florida, Ala-
bama, Eastern Texas, and in Arkansas.
Wood '' sappy, coarse-grained, liable to warp and shrink, and soon
decays on exposure.''
A tree, 50 to 70 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter;
in low, moist situations where it reaches its greatest developement, or in
dry, sandy soil ; everywhere springing up in abandoned lands near the
coast in the Southern Atlantic and Gulf States. Turpentine of infe-
rior quality is produced from this species.
In the vicinity of Albemarle Sound, in low, swampy districts, the
Loblolly Pine is said to occasionally attain a height of 150 to 170 feet,
and to produce timber of great value, and is there locally known as
♦'Swamp Pine," "Slash Pine," "liosemary Pine."
337. Pinus tuberoulata, CJortion. ' '\
/'. Californka, H.'irtw.
California, from the Shasta Iiegion through the Coast lianges to San
Bernardino and the Santa Lucia Mountains, and on the foot-hills of the
Sierra Nevada at 2,500 feet elevation, near Forest Hills, Placer County
{Bolander).
A small tree or bush, 3 to 20 or rarely 40 feet in height.
■-i
l.ii':' <;■
m
PALMACE^E.
338. Sabal Palmetto, K. s.
Cliamivrops Palmetto, Miolix.
CABBAGE TREE. CABBAGE PALMETTO.
North Carolina (rare), and south to Florida, near the coast.
Wood porous, resisting the attacks of the Teredo, and almost imperish-
able under water; highly valued for i>ile8, wharfs, &c.
A tree, 20 to 40 feet in height.
339. Washingtonia filifera, Wendi. Hot. Zeit. xxxvii. ch.
Braheadiiki8{1), Cooper, Smith. Rop. 18(50, 442.
Brnhea fihimentoM, Hort.
Vritchardia filamentoaa, Wi'ndl.
San Bernardino County, Cjilifornia, to Western Arizona.
A tree, 20 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 2 to 3 feet in
diameter; "in rocky localities, in dry sheltered canons, solitary, or few
in a group." ( WaUon, in Bot. Cal. ii. 2ii, ined.) Some other species, a« yet
very imperfectly known, possibly occur in Southern California.
', ■-! V I
S40.
311.
342.
S40.
CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.
Thrinaz panriflora, Sw.
80
"Keys along the Florida reofs, extending up the weitt coast as far as
Cape RoM'ano." — {Chapman, in Couit. Hnt.Gaz. ill. 12.)
A small tree, 10 to 30 feet in height. '
LlLIACEiH
311. Taooa brevifolU, Kngclm.
r. Dracottia f, var. arboreacent, Torr.
Southwestern Utah, Northwestern Arizona to Southern Nevada, and
Southeastern California ; forming near the Mohave Biver, on the desert
plateau, at 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation, straggling forests.
Woo<1, as in the whole genus, brittle and fibrous.
A small tree, 15 to 30 feet in height, with a tnmk often 2 feet in
diameter. \
342.
Tneoa Treouliana, Currl^re.
Southern Texas, Matagorda Bay, and from the Brazos and Guadaloupe
Rivers south into Mexico.
A small tree, 15 to 25 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to 2 feet in diam-
eter; the bitter-sweetish fruit cooked and eaten by the Indians.
ADDENDUM. •
Under Acer iaooharinam, No. 52, insert :
var. nigrum, Torr. & Gray {A. nigrum, Mlchx. f.). Black Sugar Maple.
Western Vermont to Missouri, and south to ?
A large tree ; along streams in lower situations than the species, from
which it is perhaps specifically distinct.
II
tliil
:<1 'I ;
-:S
V
'lb .; I
I 4 ft-ii, ,.i?» JH
/■r-
'T'')/^
V>iV-P
INDEX
Name.
1^ 0.,
Name.
1 a>
I • 'Sti
11
.<6iV««/6« a0270
AhUn Jlberliahu 300,69
Ahie« amabiliH ? (AbieH coiifolor) 29267
Abies amabilh (Abies cuncolor) 29267
Abies amabilis (Abies niagnifica) 29567
Abies amabilis (Abies snbalpiiia) 1297|68,
.-IftM-H atNafri/is (Abies 8nba1i>iiia, var.
fallax) 29768
Abies balsaiiiea 290 66
A hies balsamifera 290 66
Abies bifoUa 297 68
Abies braeteala 291 66
Abies Bridgesii 30069
A bies Canadensis 29t> 69
Abies c«»iu'ol«r 29267
Abies Douglasii 29H 68
Abies Engelmanni :}0;{ 70
Abies Fraseri 29367
Abies Gordoniava 294 67
A bies graiulis 2iMi67
Abies grandis, var. ilensiHora 29467
Abies grandis (Abies eoiicolor) 29267
Abies grandis (Abies snbalpiiia) 29768
Abies Hookeriana 301 69
Abies lasiocarpa (Abies eoneolor) 29267
Abies laaioearjM (Alties subalpiiia) . .297 68
Abies IxiKiaua 292 67
Abies niaguitiea 29567
, ( fc»e« mavrocarpa 298 69
Abies Menziesii (Pic«'a piiuueiis) 30571
Abies Menziesii (Pieea Siteueiisis) . .. :K)671
Abies Mertensiana :M)069
Abies nigra (I'icea Kiigelinaiiiii) :W3'70
Abies nigra (IM<'e« nigra) 30470
Abies nigra, var. rnbra '.VH<7(i
Abies nobilis 29668
Abies Parsoniana 2{)2 67
Abies I'attonii or I'attoniana ...: :W1 69
Abies rubra 30470
-\bie8 snbalpina 297 68
Abies snbalpiua, var. fallax 29768
Abies WiUiamsonii :W1 6t>
Acaeia, (Jreen-bark 6iU7
Aoacia Greggii 74 18
Aeacia, Tliree-tliorn«*tl 67 17
.Veer cireinatnm 46 12
Aeer rtasycarpuui 47 12
Acer Drnmmondii 51 13
Acer erioear^}Hm 4712
Aeer grandidentatiini 48 13
Aeer macrophyllnni 4913
Aeer Xegundo 53 14
Aeer nigrnm .5280
Acer Peunsyl Yani<MiiH .50 13
Aeer rnbrnni 5113
AcA\r saceharinuni .52 13
Acer saceharinuni, var. nigrum .52 80
Avtr siriatum 50 13
11
Aehras saUeifolia 137 30
Acras Zapotilla, var. jtarrijlora ,142 31
Aisvnlvs arguta 39 11
iEscnlns Califonii«*a ' 38 11
^scnlusflava 3911
iEscnlns glabra 40 11
JEscnlas Ohioensis ; 40 11
Alder, Black 25256
Alder, Hoarv 25256
Alder, Seasi«le 253 57
Alder, Speckled 2.5256
Algaroba 7218
Algarobia glandulosa 72 18
AInuH incana 252 5(>
Alnus inrana, var. vireseens 25257
AInus niaritima 25357
Alnus oblongit'olia 254 57
Alnus rhumbifolia 255 57
.\lnns rubra 25657
Amelanchier Canadensis 105 24
Amelancbier Canailensis, var. Hotry-
apium 10524
Amelanchier Canadensis, var. oblon-
gilolia 10524
American Asp* ii 268 60
American Heech 243 .54
American Cork Elm 18039
American Crab Apple 87 21
American Elm 177 39
American Holly 28: 9
Americavi Hornbeam 245.54
American Larch |307;71
.Vmericau Mountain Ash ! 85{21
American Plane Tree ,19141
Amyris Floridana : 23; 8
Amyris sylvatica 23 8
AXAi'AUniACK.K 14
Andromeda arborea 129:29
Angelica Tree 114'26
Anona glabra 9: 5
AuDna triloba 10 5
AXOXACK.K ; 5
A nongmos aqualiea 181 40
Apple, American Crab ' 87'21
Apple Haw 90J22
.\pplo, Narrow-leave*! Ci'ab 86;21
.\pple, Oregctn Crab .'. . . 88!21
Aralia spinosa 114'26
Aramack.k !26
Arbol deHierro ; 60'15
Arbor VitH' 28564
Arbor Vita", Western 284164
Arbutus hmrifolia 126 28
Arbutus Men/iesii 126'28
Arbutus proeera 126;2H
Arbutus Texuna - 126:28
Arctostaphylos glauca 12829
Arolosiapbglos glauea (Arctostaphylos
pungonS; var. platyphylla). ..1... 127^28
Arctostaphylos pungens 127 28
!
fit
■ill ;
w
Ilk.
\%y
iL. 1(1
,;ij. <if
Xnnio.
INDEX.
55 'Z
82
Niune.
o
IS
ArcfostniilivloH piinfjois, vai'. platv- '
phyllti .." '.. 12728
Avdisia Piiki-iiiijjia i:J3 :M)
Aronica arbiitij'olin 104 24
Asli, AiniM'icaii Mouiitniii 8521
Aali, Jilack 15534
Ash, Blue 15034
Ash, Oregon 151 33
Ash, Prickly 19 7
Ash, Water 15333
Ash, White 14832
Ash-leaved Maple 5314
Asinaina triloba 10 5
Asp, Quaking 2fi8 fiO
Aspen, Aniencaii 2(58 00
Aviceunia iiiti«la 167 3(5
A vicennia ohlongifoHa 1(57 30
Ai'icetiiiia tomeiitoaa 167 3(5
Bahl Cypress 287 65
liahn of (iilead 2(53 5l>
Halm of (iilead Fir 20(»(56
Halsani Fir.. 290 66
Balsam Poplar 263 59
Barren Oak 22950
Bass Wood 14 6
Bass Wood. White 15 7
Bay, Lohlollv 12 6
Bay, Red 170 37
Bay, Rose 131 29
Bav, Sweet 4 4
BaV, White 4 4
Bear Berry 35 11
Beech, American 243 54
Beech, Blue 24554
Beech, Wat»r 245 54
Hetiila acumhiaUt 248 55
Betula alba, var. populit'olia 24(5 55
JMula rarphiifolia 247 55
lictula ciiapidata 24(5 55
Jietiila exciha 248 55
Betula lenta 247 55
JMiila Ivnia 247 55
lU'tnJa hntn ( Betula lutea ) 248 55
Betula lutea 248 .55
Hetula nigra 249 56
Betula oecideiitalis 2.50 56
Betula pajtyiacea 251 5(5
IMula populifolia 246 .55
BKTI'I.ACK.K. .55
Big Laurel 5 4
Big Tree 288 65
JHffHoiiia ( 'alttlpti 164 :55
It'Kjnoitia liinui'iH !6<> 36
Bl«NONlACi:.K :55
Bilsted 106 24
Birch, Black , 247 55
Birch, Canoe 251 5(5
B'rch , Cherry 247 55
Birch, (jiray (Betula alba, var. popu-
lifolia) 246 55
Birch, Gray (Betula lutea) 248 55
Birch, Mahogany 247 55
Birch, Old Field 24655
Birch, Paper 25150
Birch, Bed '249.'>(5
Birch, River 24956
Birch, Sweet 247 55
Birch, West Indian 22 8
Birch, Wliitc(Betula alba, var. popu- I
lifolia) 24655
Birch, White (Betula papvracea).. . 2.5156
Birch, Yellow ' 248 55
Bitter Nut 19943
Bitter Wood 2l| 8
Black Alder 25256
Black Ash 15534
Black Birch 24755
Black Button Wood 109 25
Black Cvpress 287.65
Black Gum 120'27
Black Haw 124'28
Black Jack, Forked-leaf 210 46
Black .lack Oak 22950
Black Larch 307,71
Black Oak 23651
Black Sugar Maple I .52 80
Black Thorn 102123
Black Walnut 19643
Blue Ash 15(534
Blue Beech 24554
Blue .lack 211 4(J
I51ue Oak 21547
Blue Wood 3310
liiahea dnhh 33979
Brahea fihnnciitosa 33979
Brown Uickorv 202,44
Blown Pine ..' 31172
Bois d'Aic 19041
Boi!i{.\(ii\A( I, i: 35
Bonrreria llavancnsis 16235
Bonrreria llavancnsis, var. ladula.. 1(5235
ItitiirrvvUi miUila 162 35
liu'irrffUi siKviiIenln 1(52 35
//oi. rci id lonuiiloxii, var. llaraHciiKiM.. KiJi 35
lloiiinriu v'nijala 1(52 >{5
Box FIdcr (Negundo aceroltles) 53 14
Box Klder (N»>gnndo Californiciini). 54 14
Box, False 31 10
Buckeye, Fetid 4011
Huckeve, Ohio 4011
Buckeve. Sweet :{9 11
Buckt lunn, Southern 14031
Buckwheat Tree 30 10
linmdUi ttiifiuHlij'olitt 138 30
Bunudia ciineata 1:18,30
/iiimi'UttJhriifihu'a 139 31
Itnnu'liu JolidixHimtt 136|30
Bunudia lanuginosa 139|31
Bumtdia lycioides. 140|31
linnu'Vm mtii»\ni folia 138 30
Biimt'liu obhiifiij'oliu 13931
linmi'litt pallida ] 3!) 30
liiimclia parrifolia 138130
Ihimilia rtrliintta 1 38 30
liumtVw nalirifolia 137 30
Bunudia tenax 14131
Itiimelia loiiicntosa 139!3l
Binnwood 5514
Burr Oak 227 49
Bursera guuunifera 22. 8
M
^ i
1]
11
•^ f!
'"■,i:
n
INDKX.
83
Nnmo. z V
y* —
Hl'HSKIt.VCK.K 8
Hutloii Tive IIW *')
Hiittoiiwnod 19141
Button w I. niii.k 101) -vV)
|{iit»«'nnit 1J)5 42
... G. • ,. i
CiiMmjj;*' I'aliiM'tttt :{:W71)
CalihuKt' Tire :UW 71>
Ca<ta<i;.k 25
Cajeimt 172 'Xi
Calico Bush i:{()29
Califoniiu Laiiivl 172 :<7
C'ulifornia hilar :{7 11
California Livo ( »ak 212 4(>
California Nntnu*K 27001
California Olive 17237
Canada riuni 7(519
Canoe Birch 251 r>6
Capuihh.iack.k 27
Carolina Poplar 2(57 (50
('ar[nnii8 JmiTicanu 245 54
CarpinuN Caroliniana 24554
('arpiniin OHtnja 24454
CarphiHs huftoni 244 54
CarphiiiH Virijiiiiatin 244 54
Caryanlha 1984:5
Carya aniara 19J)4:5
Carya aqnatica 200 44
Cat'ya (jlahra 20244
Carya niyriHticu'foiinis 20144
Carya porcina 202 44
Carya Hiilnata 20344
Carya tonientoHa 204 44
i'aatanea Amevimiia 242 54
Caatanea chryitonhiiUn 240 53
( 'astanea puniila 241 53
Cantanea renea, var, Aiiwricaiui 24254
Caatanea vulfrarin, var. Americana.. 24254
CaHtanopHis dirysophylla 240 5:5
CantanopftiH sempervire'm 240 5:5
Catalpabi^nonioides 1(54:55
Catalpa cordifolia 164 :55
Catalpa Hpeciosa 1(55 'Mi
( 'olalua HfinttgaJoJia 1(54 :55
( 'atalpa, Western 1(55 :56
Cat's-claw 7518
CuanotluiH Hiiinosiis :5(5 11
CeunotliUH tliyrsitlonis :57 11
Cedar, Oregon 281(53
Cedar, Red 277 H2
Cedar, Stinking 271 (51
Cedar, White (Channucyparis Law-
souiana) 281 f>3
Cedar, White (ChannecypariK wplne- i
roidea) ." 28:564
Cedar, White (Liltoeednisilecnrrens) 28(565
Cedar, White (Thuya occideutalis) . . 285(54
Cki-astuackk ....' 10
Celtis ImnipcH 18240
( '«//»« crn»HiJoHa 184'40
( 'eltiii ititeqilJoUa 18:5 40
CeltU hevU/ata 18340
( ellis longifolia 183 40
CeltiH MiHsiHHippienmH 18340
Name.
Celti.s occidentalis 184 40
Velth wcUU'iitaUn, var. vraHni folia 18440
(tlfiM ocvidenliilin, var. iHUujnfoliu ... 183 4<(
Celliv ofcidviitalis, var. UnuiJ'olm .... 18:540
t'vltix ( Momhia) pullidu 1854ft
Celtis Tala, var. jiallida 1854*1
CeniHtin horvoUn 80 19
CcruHUH < arolhiidiiu 77 19
< 'fniHiiH I 'li icanu 78 19
CvrttsiiM molliH 79 19
CvmsiiH l'fniii>!ilruiiiv(t 80 19
< 'emnm mrot'nm 81 2(t
CeraxuH rirfihiiuiio 8120
CtTvidliim ftoridnm (l'arkins(Miia liori-
da) ....' ()817
Cvn'tdUim Jloridum (I'arkinsonia Tor- i
reyana) 69 17
Cirrix ( 'alifuniii'um 7117
Cen-is Canadensis 7017
Cercis occidcntalis 71 17
Cercis reniforniis 7118
Cercocarpns ledifoiins 84 20
( 'erens giganteus 1 13 25
ChamorypariH atteniiidn 281 6:5
Chamifvyparis excvlsa 282 (54
ChanuvcypariH fragraitx 281 (53
Chama'cyparis Lawstmiana 281 (53
( 'hama'«-y]taris Nutkaensis 282 (i4
Chamnrifpur'tD Xulkaeiisin (ChaMiie<y-
paris Lawsoniana) 281 63
Channecyparis spha-roiih'a 283(54
ChamoropH Pal met to :5:{879
Cherry Birch 247 55
Cherry, Wild Black 81 20
Cherry, Wild Ke;l 80 19
Chestnut Oak 2:5:551
Chestnut Oak, Rock 2:5351
Chit'kasaw IMum 78 19
Chilop»i» gluthioHit 166 :5(5
< 'liilopxiH Ihiear'tH 1()() :i6
Chilopsis sali);na 1(5(5 :{(>
Chini|ua|tin (Castanca piimila) 24153
(.'hini|uapin (Castanopsis chryso-
I>hylla) 240 53
Chionanthiis Viryinica 158 :54
Chrysophyllum uiicrophyilum i:54:50
Chryxophylliim vionopiftTiinin 135:50
Chrysoidiyllum «divifornic i:55 30
Cladrastis tiuctoria 62 16
( 'lanmiy I .oeust 59 15
Cliftonia lignstrina ;50 10
Clusia tiava 11 6
Coccolo'oa Floridana 1(58:56
i 'ocvoloha parvifoUa 168 :56
Coccololta unifera 169 :57
CocksiHir Thorn 96 22
Cott'e Tree, Kentucky 65 16
Condalia oho vata 33 10
CONIKKK.K (52
Conocarpus erecta 108 25
Coral Sunnich 5514
Cordi a Boissieri 160 ;55
Cordia t loridti mt 162 :55
Conlia Sebesteua 161 :55
Cordia upmom 16135
Cork Kim, American 180:59
?•
3^' *
k«i
,),'i
(■>■'
1 u:
(J
INDEX.
84
Naiiic.
-•I
Nimu'.
COIIXACK.K
(.'oriiiiH FUtridii
CuriuiH Niittallii
Cotton (iinu
Cotton Tiop
Cottonwttoil
Crab Ai»i»l«', Ani*-ri<-an
Cmb Ai»|»li', XaiTow-U'avLMl
Crab AJ>i»U', ()iV};on
Crab A> ood
Crata-gUH a-Htivalis
Cratii-^nn apiifolia
Crata'fjns arbon'Hi'cns
Crahvijun arhutifoUa
Crata'jjns bcrb«>ritulia
Crata'gnH «'occin«'a
Crata'gns coccinca, var. ])0|nilirolia.
Crata')tn8 (•oi'cnmi, var. viriilis
CruUvijHH voci'itua, var. mnU'tx
Crata>gn8 cordata
CratH'giihCrns-galli
CratwgiiN Crns-jsalli, var. lincariH.. .
Crat.Tgna Cru8-galli, var. ovalit'olia.
Crata'gns CrnH-galli, var. ]M-niii folia.
Crata'gnH Crns-galli, var. pyrii-anthi
Iblia
Crata'gns Dttnglasii
Crata'gns Hava
( 'ra tttijm microva t'lta
Cruttt'gus mollh
Crata'gns pnnctata
Crata'gns rivnlaris
Ci'titwgus Naiiguineii, var. Douglnnii ..
Crata'gns spathnhita
Crata'gns species
Crata'gJissnbvillosa
Crata'gns touicntosa
Crata'gns tomentosa, var. jmnctata..
Vmtagua tonwntoM, var. hioIUh
Cncninber Troe
Cnciinil)er Tree, Long-l«'av«'«l
I'uprvHSKn Amerkatid
Ci(pirH«iiiidi»lirliit
Cnpreasns (iovcniana
(iipreBMUit Hartivcffii
CuprcssHg Lamhcriinna
('iipremHun lAUVHoniana
Cnpressns Maenabiaua
<^'nprt'8ans nniemc-arpa
( 'iipres8Un Xutkaeiisin
CiipresHUS Thtjoukn
CriTUKKHK
Cypress, Hald ,
( 'ypresa, Black
( 'ypresa. Deci(ln«>ns
< 'ypvess, Monterey
Cypress, White
t yrilla CarolhiUiuu
( urina'paineulnta
Cyrillii raceniiHora
CYKILr.ArKK
. . . Ufi I )osert Willow
n.''.'i(i Devil Wood
I1H5J6 Dios]iyros Texunu
1'21 '27 Diospyros Virginiana
i!6(>5i* Dipbolis salieit'olia
'267 Wl Dogwood, Flowering
H721 Dogwood, Janiaii'a
8t)*-il Dogwood, Striped
88^1 Donglas Spnue
M 10 Downy Toidar
1W122 DnmifphyUiim puurijioruin.
Ul 5i'2 Drypetes erocea . . .'.
ii2'ii
104 24 E.
i»4 'i'j' '*' i»i">> A<'K.i';
94 22 '''"■''"' JteiirrcrlH
94 2d '''^ii'*^^'"- ulliptiea
101 2'.\ /^'"'''''" Uni'iineiiHiit
95 22 ^'''^"''''"^ radula
9)) 22 '''"'*''"' fonieiito8n
9G22!i^J'l''»- ••■-:
9fi22^tj"''^)"»'i'."'»" ■■•:
<w<.>> hnn, Aniencan Cork
'" :Elni, False
% 22 ^'''"'' ^I""'^*'
07 •>■) Ehn, Hock
98 23 *-'"'' ^1>1>I»' -ly
10023 ''•'^'"> Snnill-leaved
10123 '^'"'' R^'«l----
iiwri Elm, White...
l()6:t(i
ir)934
144 32
14331
137 30
1152«
6115
5013
29868
2(5659
17237
173 :»8
... 31
16235
163 ;J5
162 :»5
160 :15
162:15
12227
17739
18039
184 40
17939
18039
17939
176;i8
179 :»
177:19
176:18
20645
...28
11025
11125
11225
...38
230.50
174:18
P.
1).
Dahoon Holly
Decidn«)ns Cypress.
y923|'^''»'^^'»S"'"^
97 23 ^^'»'«»"
10023 ^^'"<^'^V*-,'- ••:;•,:
10324 ■"'"K*^"'" bnxitolia
10123 l'^<iK*'»i>i *li(>l>utoniu
1022:1 K»K«">>i procera
UWi'll Eri'lKHllUACKK
im-l'v l-AerKreen Whit.' Oak ....
. ^ hxciiTuna iiirida
3 4
28264
287 65 Fiii/iia ( aHlitiiea
27863 Fuf^ns t'errngiiiea
2806:1 FagiiH piniiild
2H0 6:1 FMi/iiH HiilroiWix
28K3 False Hox
J796:i False Elm
280 6:1 Fetitl Bnckeye
28264 Ficns anrea.*
28364 Ficns brevii'olia
... 45 Ficns pediniculata
28765 Fir, Balm ofGileud
28765 Fir, Balsam
28765 Fir, Red
28063 Fir, White ,
287 65 Flowering Dogwood
29 9 Forked-leaf Black Jack
13:130 Fox-tail Pine
29; 9 Frangula Carolimnna
... 9 Franguhi I'urHhiana ■
I Fraxinua ncuminata
Fraxiniis alba
' I . Fraxinns Americana ■
27 9 Fraxinns .^wf)'tc'a/«i(Fraxiun8 platy-
28765 carpa) 153:13
24254
24354
241 53
24354
31 10
184 40
4011
18641
18741
18841
29066
29066
29567
29267
11526
21046
31273
3410
I 3511
148:12
14832
148:12
irM
ii A\
il i
NUOKS
INDEX.
&
y. i-
Naiiu>.
85
Fruxiinis unoiiiitln Wi'XS
FraxiniiH UerUtmHeranu 1 W :M
FraxiitNH ('aroUntana (FnixiiiiiN plii-
tycftrpa) 153 :W
Fnu-hiim i'ai'olhiiniiM (FriixiiiiiH viri-
<liH) 157 34
FraxiuuH coiivohr 157 ;M
Frarin m vnritu^u 152 33
Fi'axinm Cm-t'maW 148:ttJ
KraxiiiiiH dipntnin 15033
FmxinuH epiiilem 148 ;12
Fmxinm exiHiima 157 34
Frtulnnt fimndi/olia 151 :i:{
Fraxinm jinjiamliJ'oUa (FraxiiiiiH
Amerieaiia) 148 :J2
FraxinWH jmjlamlifoHn {Vv\x\m\\n. viri-
«Hh) 157:14
FruTimia nigra 154 34
FraxiiiUH()re}j;aua .•... 151'.W
Fraxinm paUida \W,VX\
Fraxinua pauciflora 153 JKl
Fraxinu» Vennnyhanica 154 ;14
Fraxiiius iiistariii'folla 152 33
FraxiniiH JMHtacia't'olia, vat-.i-ni-iucea 152:U
FraxiiiUH i»lat ycarpa 153 :»3
FraxiniiH piibttHcciiH 154 :14
Fraxiiiua imlteHtrna, var 151 :W
FraxiiiUM qnadniiiKulata 156 :i4
FraxiniiH sanihiicifolin 155 :t4
FraxinuH lomentona 154 :M
hVaxinHt triutern IM 3:^
Fraxiniig reluHHu 152 3:<
FraxiniiH viridin 157 ;14
FruxHUiH viriilis, var. iterlamlit'i-ana 15734
Fringi'Tiw 15834
(i.
Gt^ntp 'five 44 12
(•iMtrgia Hark 12528
(•«or|;ia Pino 31172
GIt'ditHchia inonoHiiorina (kt 17
(iluditschia triacanthoH {yjn
(•ordouiaLaHiantlniH 12 6
(lurdoniu piibosciMiH 13 fi
Grape, Sea lOOtff
(iiray liireli (Hctiila allia, var. popu-
lifolia) 24(5.55
Gray Hircli (Hetnla Intisi) 248.55
<Jniy Pine 31373
(Jwftt Lanrul 131 2{>
Green-bark Acaciu fi917
(liiiatttm anijuHtifnlium 17 7
(tiiaiacnm Hanctiiin 10 7
(iHajaciim 17 7
(Juni, Black 12027
<;iini, Cotton 12127
(Juin, Sour 11927
<Jnin, Sweet 10<{24
(inniTreo 1182(5
(JUTTIFEIMO (>
(iymnanthvH hivida ; . . . 174 38
(iyinnocludiiH CanadeiiHis U5 1(5
H.
Ha«kb('irv 18440
Haikinataf 307 71
HalcHJa dipt.'ia 14(5 32
MalfHia tetrajiti-ra 147 32
Hamamki-ack.!-; 24
Hard I'inv 31172
Haw, Apple 9022
Haw, Black 12428
Haw, May 9022
Haw, Riininier 98 23
Heiniock 29U(5»
HercnliH' Club 1142(5
HetcroaieleH arbutifolia .. 10424
HeleromeicH tWrnonliaim 10424
Hejideria decurrciia 28(5 (55
Hickory, Brown 202 44
Hickory, Xiitnicjj iJOl 44
Hickoiv Pine 31273
Hickory, KIiu«-l»ark 19843
Hickory, Shell-bark 198 43
Hickory, Swamp 19943
Hickory, Thick Shell-bark 203 44
Hickory, Water 200 44
Hickory, Westeru Shell-bark 20344
Hickory, White 19943
Hickory, White-licart 20444
Hipponiane Mancinclla 175;:)8
Hoary Alder 2.525(5
Hojr i'luin 25 9
Holly, American 28 9
Holly, Dahoon 27 9
Honey Berry 4412
Htniey LociiHt ((UcditHchia triacan-
thos) (5717
Honey LocuHt (Promipin jnlillora). .. 7218
Hopea tim'iorea 145 S^i
Horn beam, American 24554
HorHC Sugar 14532
Hypelate paniculata 4412
Hypelat*' trifoliata 45 12
I. .: I
Ilex Dahoon 27 9
Ilex upaca 28 9
II.U1XK.K : 9
Iiii/a UHgiiis-Caii 75 18
Iron Wood (Buinelia ly<^ioideH) 14031
Iron Wood (CarpiunsCaroliniana).. 24554
Ivy 13029
.Tack, Blue 2114(5
.lack. Forked-leaf Black 210 4(5
.laniaica Dogwood 01 15
.lei-wy Pine 32175
Judas Tree (Cercis Cana*lenHi.s) 70 17
.luda« Tree (Ccrcis occidt>ntaliH) 71 17
.Irijr-AxnACK.K • 42
Jtiglans amaru 199 43
Jnglann angusiij'oiia 199 43
Juglana aqualica 200 44
JiiglaiiH Californica 194 42
Juglaua catiutrtica 195 42
Juglans cineroa 195 42
Juglana glabra 202 44
JiigiauH murUilico'formis 201 4 1
Juglans nigra 19643
Juglunn obcordala 202 44
r J
m
l .M
!i
•'I
1
•'I I:
Nnimv
INDKX.
Ntiiiiiv
80
i
If
Jiiglaii* ohlnngn 10.') 42
JiightHS poniiiit *^<)2 44
.lii{{l>iiiH i'iip«>Htri.s ti>7 4:<
Jtujlann r»iKHhtx, vur. major 11)4 42
.1 iui« Hciry ior> 5i4
Juniper HH A udinn 274 02
.)iinip«>niM Caliloniii'ii 27402
Jiiiiiptu-iiHCulifoi'iiica, viir. rttiliciiHiM274 1)2
Juniperua C'rrroaiamiH 274 02
Jiiniperns exvelaa 275 02
.FuniperiiM oceidnitiilis 275 r>2
JiiniperuH occidcnliilm (.Iiiiiipfi'iiN Cu-
lifoniini) 27402
.TmiipcriiHocritifiitaliH, var. i (onjiin-
K«>iim) '/7502
.TiuiiportiH oi'cidfiitalis, var. moiio-
Hp«>niia) 27502
.liuiiporiiH )))u-li.vplilnMi 27002
Juniper UH plorhyderma 270 02
Jiiniperua tctragona, var. oateoxperma. 274 02
.luiiipcriis Virjjiiiiaiia 277 r>2
K.
Kiiliiiia laHfiilia ....
Ki'iitiicky CoHVc Tree
I..
t:w)2H
05 10
Ln};iuuMilai'ia laniiKisa I(K)25
Larch, Aiiierii-an \Wt 71
Larch, Hluck :ut7 71
Lur^ru Tupelo 121 27
Large-lravcd Ma^^iioliu Tn-u 5
I^arix Aiuericana :107 71
Larix Amerirana, var. brerifoliu :10{)72
Larix inttrmedia ;m>7 7 1
Larix Lyallii :WH 72
lAirix nuiororarpa 308 7 1
Larix occideiitalis :W)1)72
Larix pendula H0771
IjAL RAi'K.r.1..... ■■>-..••.. I.. ...•■ .,, •f/
T-aurel 1:10 2$)
Latircl, Bijr 5 4
Laurel, California 172 H7
Laurel, Great i:n29
Laurel, Mountain 172:17
Laurel Oak (QnercuH inibriearia) ... 22248
Laurel Oak (QuereuH lauril'olia) 22449
Laurua Borboniva 170 :I7
Laurua Carolineiixia 170 37
Laurua Saaaa/raa 17 1 :<7
Legumixos.k 15
LibocetU'Us decurnMis 280 65
Liffnuni VitH< 10 7
Lilac, Calif«)ruia 37 11
LiLIACK.E 80
Limo, Ogcechee 11726
Lime Tree 14 6
Liquidanibar StyraciHua 10624
Liquidauiber 10<)24
Liriodendron Tulipifera I 8, 5
Live Oak (Quercus oblonjirifolia) 23050
Live Oak ((^uen'us virens) ,23852
Live Oak, California 21246
Loblolly Bay 12 6
Loblolly rine .UIO*'.)
LoeuHt .V 15
Locnnt, Clannny 51)15
LoeiiHt. Ilonev (<iledits('liia triaian-
thoH) 07 17
LocuNt, Honey (I'roNopisJnlillora) .. 72 H
LoeuHt, Water 0()17
Log Wood 3310
Lonjj-leaveil Cnenniliei' 'life 3 4
Lon^r-leaved I'ine 311 72
.Maelnra aurantiaca ltM)41
Madeira Wood 4112
Madnina 120 2«
Magnolia aenniinatu 1 4
Magnolia aurirulatu :< 4
Magnolia eordata 2 4
Magnolia Fra»eri 3 4
Magnolia glanea 4 4
Magnolia grandiilora 5 4
Magnolia niaeroidiylla <i 5
Magnolia Tree, Large-leaved t! 5
Magnolia tripelalu 7 5
Magnolia rnd)rella 7 5
M.\(iX<»i,iA(i:.i'; 4
Mahogany 24 '^
Mahogany llin-li 247 55
Mahogany. Mountain 84 20
Mnlua anifuaUfolia 80 2 1
Malua coronaritt 87 21
MaluH riruluriH 88 21
Mauehineel 175 :W
Manchineel, Mountain .')5 14
Mangrove 107 25
Mangrove, Whilc(Avieennia nitida) 167 :<0
Mangrove, White (Lagnncularia ra-
ceniosa) 101) 2.'»
Man/aiiita (AretoHtaphyloM glanea) . 12^21)
Manxanita(ArctoKtapliylo.spungen8) 127 2h
Maple, Ash-h'a ved 53 14
Maple, Black Sugar .52 80
Maple, Kcd 5113
Maple, Koek 5213
Maple, Silver 47 12
Maple, Ktriped 5013
Maple, Sugar .52 13
Majde, Swamp 5113
Maple, Vine 40 12
Maple, White 47 12
May Haw 9022
Mia.IAtK.K I 8
Melivocca panivulala 44 12
Me»kit 7218
Meapilua arboriM 105 21
Meapilm arhutifolia 104 24
Mesquit, Screw-pod 73 IH
Mexican Persiinuion 144 :12
Mimuaopa diaaccia 142,31
MiniUHop.s Sicberi 14231
Mock Orange 77 ID
Mocker Nut 204 44
Momiaia {Celtia) pallida 185 40
Monterey Cypress 280 63
Montere'v Tiue 322 75
■ ;
li
. r
it-
i t
l.
' f
/•■
\iit V
Huk,
Oak,
Oiik,
< >ak,
Onk,
Oiik,
Oak.
Oak,
< hik,
Ouk,
Oak,
Oak,
Niiiiif.
INDEX.
e S
Niiiiiu.
87
Mo.m.- Kim I7!»:R>
MtMm»< WtMMl r.oi:«
Mhihi* Canadrimiii IHJMI
MoniH rtibriv IHlMt
MoHH,v-cii]t Wliit«'<)iik '■i-jn49
Moiiiitnin AhIi, Aiiu>riuiiii Kt'iX
Moiiiitniu liUiii-fl IT'i:)?
Moiiiifuiii Maliopiiiy H4t2()
Moiiiitiilii Mancliini'cl TtT) 14
Moutitiiin Plmii 25 S»
Mountain WliJt«^ ihik -iir, 47
MnH.eriy,Ked IH«41
Milloairhim liijiiHlriinim :U) 10
Myrlca ('alifornicn rHVt 45
MvHirACK.K 45
MvKHiNArK.K ai)
.yfuraiiie jHorihuiula 1 IW/J
Myt'nine FhrUluiin IIW til)
M.v>"Hin«' H)i|MUu>a i:Wtil»
Myhtac r..i-. '^5
NiiiTow-lfii vi'd Crnl» A|i|tli' HiJ'il
NniM' Wvny W'i'.W
\«'gnnil«» n«-«>rnid<'H 53 14
NV^nndo ('aliforniiinn 54 14
Nciklac*' I'oitliir '2<>7 fiO
Norway V'ww 'X\\ 77
Nut, BIttft HK)4:i
Nut, M«M'k«r '^04 44
Nut Pin«' (riniiH cdnliN) :n774
\nt I'inii (IMnuH nionoitlivlla) :V^576
Nut, IMk >*(h*44
\utni«>);, Calitornia 'i7(Mil
Nutnieu Hickory a<H 44
N'uttalfia c-tM-iiHiforniis Kt^O
XjIMHa ai/iititica (Ny.sNa Caroliniana) . lIH'^i
.Xf/HMM aiiiiafiin (Xyssa nniUiHora) . . . 111>'.>7
XifHHo aqimlira (Xyssii nnitioni) 1'il *27
A>Kfl hijiora 1 1927
XifHita caiidieaiin 1 17 'ifi
Ny»Ha capitatii 117*2(»
NyHHa Caroliniana llr<!2()
S'tfHHii (itaud'ulvHtutH 121 '27
N.VHHa nniltitlora 119*27
yiijsM muHifiora, \;\v. utilnilira 12027
Nyuna Hvlvatica 120 27
SifUMU UnueiiloiiH 121 27
Xyiwa nnitlora 121 27
yt/MHa viHoHH 12027
O.
Oak, Harivn 22950
Oak, mack 2:«J51
Oak, Hlack Jiick 229,50
Oak, Hhio 21547
Oak, RniT 22749
Oak, Caiit'ornia Live 2124(>
Oak, Cht'stnut 2:W51
Oak, Evcigrcon White 2:«)50
Oak, Laurel (Qucrcns imbricarla) .. 222 48
Oak, Laurol (Quimcus laurifolia) ... 224 49
Oak, liivc (QuorcuH oblon^ifolia) . . . 2H050
< )ak, Live ((^iktcun vin-ns) 2:5852
< )ak, MoHMV-cup M'liiti' 227 19
Oak, Mountain \Vliit«> 215 17
Oak, (»vor-«Mi|i ((/u<ti-un lyrata).. .. 22(t49
Oak, Ovt'r-cu|i ((/urrruH niacroiar-
IMi) i27 19
Oak, Pin 2:U .50
Oak, Po«t 2:1551
Oak, UmI 2:1451
Oak, Hock C'li.Ktnut 2:«5l
Oak, Rorkv Mountain Scrul) 23752
Oak, Scarlet 2i:»47
Oak, Scrul. 21046
Oak. Shingle 22248
( >ak, Sj.auiHh 21H 48
Oak, Swamp PoHt 22H49
Oak, Swamp SpaniHh 2:tl .50
Oak, Swami» White *-'<»94«»
Oak, Turkey 2104«
Oak, Upland WiMow 2114«
Oak. Water 208 45
Oak, Water White 220 49
Oak. White... 207 45
Oak, Willow 2:12 50
Oak, Yellow -harked 2:«1.5|
Oueechcc Lime 117 2(5
< >liio liuckcy*' 40 1 1
Ol.ACIXK.K." 9
OiKACKv; ;»2
( Ud Field Hirch 240 .->5
Old Field Pine :»:W}79
(Hea Amerkaiiu 1.59 :t4
Oliv«, California 172 :17
Olncya TcNota 6015
( >rvgou Ah]i 151 :{:i
Oregon Cedar 281 (W
Oregon Crah Ajiple 88 21
Ori'Mlaphnr Call/oruiva 172 ;17
(triitio dipttaia 150 3:i
Osage Orange 19041
OHnuinthUH AmericanuN 159:14
Oho Berry 8:i20
(Mi'iia Ameriraim 244 54
< >Htrya Virginica 244 .54
Otirifa ntlffariH 244 54
Ovei-cup Oak (QuercuM lyrata) 22649
Over-cup Oak ((Jnercus uiacrocarpa)227 49
(txydendruni arhorenni 12929
P.
I'alhinm Texetinix ;12 10
Palmack.k 79
Palmetto, Cabbage 33879
Pjilo Verde 0917
Papaw 10 r>
Paper Birch 251 .56
ParkiuHonia Horida ". tiSn
ParkiuHonia Torreyana 69 17
Paria ftava :i9ll
Pear thorn 10223
Peppcridge il927
I'vfHm Borhotiicu 170 ;17
PerHiMi CaroIinenHiH 170 ;{7
I'rrsea Sanxafraa 171 :{7
Persiniuion 14331
PcrHiunu«ui, Mexican 144:12
( !
I , '
t 1
;0v'
W
ken
. VV:
!'?:■
I •!
^^Vit;
, V i-
•i>-
Name.
INDEX.
88
Niiiuc.
I'hofinia arbiitifoUa 1 04 24
I'hot'iniu salicifoUu W4'i^
I'icea alba :tn2 70
I'icea balaamea iW t56
J'irea bracteata 291 W'
Picea Canadenm ii9i> ^'^
I'icea concolor 292 67
Pinoa Engelmanui ;{0:i70
Vkea grandis 291 W
Picea nigra :}04 70
Picea nobilia 21MiOH
Picea piitigens SOn 71
Picea rubra 304 70
Picea Sitchensis :W(>71
Piekeringia paniculata VX\ '-iO
PigNut 20244
Pigeon Plnm KW :M5
I'in (lak 2:n TiO
Pinokneya jtuhens 125 28
Piiion :n774
Pine, Brown ;Ul72
Pine, Fox-tail ai27:r
Pine, Georgia :U172
Pine, Gray :}i:{73
Pine, Hard 31172
Pine, Hickory 31273
l*ine, .lersev 32175
Pine, Loblolly 33t) 79
i'ine, Long-leaved 31172
Pine, Monterey 32275
Pine, Norway 331 77
Pine, Nut (Pinus edulisj 317 74
Pine, Nut (Pinns nioiiopliylla) 32576
Pine, Old Field 330 79'
Pine, Pitch 33278
I»ine, Pond 33478
IMne, Red 33177
Pine, Rosemary 'XM^ 79
i'ine. Scrub (PinuM liaiiksiaiiii) 313 73
Pine, Scrub (Pinus iuo|»H) 32175
Pine, Short-leaved 324 70
Pine, Slash 33079
Pine, Southern 31172
Pine, Spruce (Pinus glalna) 32075
Pine, Spruce (i'inus niitis) 324 76
Pine, Sugar 32375
Pine, Swamp 33079
I'ine, Table Mountain 33077
Pint), Wevniouth 335 78
Pine, White (I'inusflexilis) 31974
Pine, White (I'iniis Stnibus) 33578
Pine, Yellow (Pinus australis) 31172
I'ine, Yelh)w( Pinus mitis) 324 70
Pine, Yellow (Piuus ponderosa) 32977
PinuB adunca 322 75
Pinmalha 30270
Pinns olbirauliH 31974
Pinux anuibilin 294 (>7
Pinna (tristata 31273
Pinus Arizonica 310 72
Pinus australis : 31172
Pinus Ualfouriai'.a 312 73
Pinns BaU'ouriani!, var. aristata 3'273
Pinna balaamea 290(»6
Pinus Banksiiina 31373
Pinua Jieardaleyi 32t> 77
I'inna licnthamiana 329 <7
I'in na Holandrri 315 13
Pinna bracteata 291 (5(5
Pinna Californira (I'inus insignis) .. . 322 75
Pinua Cali/ornica (Pinus tuberculata)337 79
Pinua Vanadenaia 299 <'>9
I'inna cembroidea 319 74
Pinus Chihnahnana 314 73
Pinus clausa 32175
Pinna commutata 30370
Pinua coiiolnr 29207
Pinns contorta 315 73
PinuH contorta, var. Murrayana 31573
Pinna cottorta, var. lati/olia 315 73
Pinna contorta (I'inus ccmtorta, var.
Mnrrayana ) 315 73
I'inus Ctnilteri 31074
Pinna Craigana 329 77
Pinna dejiexa 329 77
Pinna Edijarianu 327 70
I'inus edidis 317 74
Pinus Klliottii 31874
Pinus Uexilis 31974
Pinus Oexilis, var. albtcaulis 31974
Pinua Fraacri 29307
Pinus Fremont iana 325 76
I'inus glabra 32075
I'inna grandia 294 07
Pin na Hudaon ica 31373
Pinus inops 32175
Pinus inops, var. clausa 32175
Pinna inopa (Pinus contortii) 31573
Pinna inopa (I'inus contorta, var.
Murrayan:i ) 315 73
I'inus insignis 32275
Pinua .leffrcfii 329 77
Pinus Lambertiaua 32375
Pinna JJoreanu 32870
Pinna Ljiallii 308 72
Pinna macrocarixi (Larix Anu'ncana)307 7I
Pinua macrovarpti (Pinus Coulteri) .. 31G74
I'inna Mcnzicaii 30071
Pinna Mcrtenaiana 300<)9
Pinus niitis 324 70
Pinns monojdiylla 32570
Pinns UKUiticoia 32(>70
Pinns nnniciita 327 70
Pinua Murrayiina 315 73
Pinna nigra 304 70
Pinua mibilia 290 »18
Pinna Xuttallii 30972
Pinna palufitria 31 1 72
Pinns Piirryana 328 7(>
I'inna Paltoniana 301 69
I'inna pendula 307 71
Pinus ponderosa 32977
Pinns pondcroau 329 77
Pinus ])onderos)i, var. .letl'reyi 32977
I'inus ponderosa, var. scopulornm. . 32977
I'inus pnngens 33077
Pinna radiata 322 75
Pinus resmosa 33177
Pinus rigida .... 3327H
Pinna rubra (Picea nigra) 304 70
Pinnn rubra (I'inus resinosa) 331 V7
Pinua rupentria 313 73
ii •
<i 'il
: !!
.r.
Pinus Sab
Pinus Hero
V'mn» iSha
Phiu8 Slid
Piuus Strr
Pinus TiiM
Pinm Twd
Pinus tube
Pniits tube
Pinii8 vari
Pinus Venn
f
:jl...,;.U; , X< '\V ' I
13
INDEX.
89
Name.
I M
Oh
Piniis 8abiiiiiii j33;i 78
Pinus .seiotiuii 1334 7e
J'inus Shantrt |319!74
P\nu» Siti'henHia ;30i5'71
Name.
o
>5
04
PopiiIu8 Mari/landica. 2Ci7:G0
Popnlns moiiilifera 267i60
FopnluH monUlfera (Popiilus Frenion- |
tii) 264I59
PiuuH Strobiis j33578j!P<)/jh;hs nwnilifera (Popnlns Fremou-
Piuns TiiMl.i ,33«79! tii, var. WiHlizeni) ^MpQ
Pinu8 Twda, var. alopecnroidea j33478 /'o^>h/«» nii/ra '. '263J59
Pinna tubercnlata 337 79 Popnlns Onta'-ienHiit *2(i359
Pinits tubcrciilnta (Pinns insignis).. . 322 7.')i Popnlns tromnloides ;268JfiO
Pinm variabiliD i324|76| Popnlns trichocarpa j26960
Phiua venuxta 29l66iiPorIiera angnstifolia I 17 7
Pirns Americana 852l!lPo8t Oak 23,')51
Pirns augnstifolia ' 8321 Post Oak, Swamp 22fi49
Pirns coronaria 87 21 i'rickly Asli ,i 19 7
Pirns rivnlaris 8^21 Pi itchnrdiufilamentom 33979
Pirns sambncifolia , 89,21 Pro.sopis juliflora 7218
Piscidia Erythrina ' 61 15J|Prosopis pnbescons 7318
Pistacia Mexicana ! 57:15 iPrniins Americana 7f);19
Pitch Piue 33278J|PrMH«8 Capollin 8120
Pithecolohium (imidalupense ' 75 18 Prnnns Caroliiiiaua 7719
Pithecolobinm Ungnis-Cati ; 75 18; Prnnns Chioasa 7819
Pittonia n'lmUiH 1(523."), Prnnns cniiU'^inata 7919
Plane Tree, American 191,41 Prnnns emargiuata, var. nioUis 7919
Planer Tree 18) 40i Pninitu mollis 7919
Planera aiinatica 18140; Prnnns Pennsyivanica ' 8019
Plunera (iineliiii 181 40. Prnnns serotina 8120
Planera nlmifolia 181 40 Prnnns nni))ellata H2 20
Pl,AT.\XAC'i;.K . . . 41 Psendotsuga Donglasii 298fi8
Platanns occidentalis 19141 I'studotsnija I)on(jlus\i 29868
Platan ns racemosa 192 42 Psi'ndotsuga Donglasii, var. macro- i
Platanns Wrightii 193 42 carpa . 29869
Plnm, Canada 7619 n I
Plnm, Chickasaw ! 78 19,j '*' I
Plnm, Hog I 25; 9 Quakii\g Asp 268 60
Plnm, Monntaiu , 25 'JQneirn-i uvnlidenH 21647
Plnm, Pigeon 1(58 36 Qnercns agrifblia 20645
Plnm, Wild 76 10 Qnercns alba 207 45
Poison Wood 174 38 Qnercns aqnatica 208 45
P»»LY(JONACK.K 36 Qncrcns aqnatica, var. myrtifolia. .. 2:59 .^l
Pond Pine. 33478,(j>«c/(h.s aqnalicu, var. helerophiilla. .. 2:20 48
I'oplar, Balsam 263 59 (,>«(irr'H« a<iiiati<n, var. laurifolia 224 49
Poplar, Carolina 2!57''50 V"'''"'' Hanintr '.... 239r,3
Poplar,Downy 2(56.59 V"'''''"" bcrherUli folia 21t>47
Poplar, Necklace 2(57 60 Qnercns bicolor 2()'»46
Poplar, Yellow 8 5 Qin-rcns bicohn', var. Michanxii 201> 46
Populnn umjulata 267 60 Qnercns Breweri 23'».53
PopnIuH anijnlona 2(57|60/<,>mc)c»» casta nea 228.50
Poi»nlns aiignslitbiia ;2(52 58jlQinMcns Cate.sbiei 210 46
Popnlns arijentea 2(5(5 :59|i V««'»t)m ( Idnqnapin 23953
Popnlns balsamifera 263.59 Qnercns chrysohqds 21246
Popnlns balsamifera, var. candicans. 263.59 Qnercnsclirysolepis, var. vacciniit'olia 212 46
Popnlns huhami/ira, var. y '2'59|(50 Qnercns cinerca 211 46
Popnlus balsamij'tra, var. an<fnstifolia'262Xt>^ V"''''"" 'inrrra, var. jynmila 239.53
Popnlnn balsamifera, var. Ca/i/or/jwictf 269,(50 Qnercns coccinea 213 47
Popnlus Canadensis 1 2(57(50 (^mcccmn eoccinen, var. tinctoria 23(551
Popnlns (.'anadensis, var. angnsiifolia.2{)2^iS}(,}nerens confertifolia 22l!48
Papains randieans |2(53!.59,'V««v'i(.'* enisnipornla 212 46
Popnlns Fremontii i26459] (jnercns densitiora 214;47
Popnlns Fremontii, var. Wisli/-eni..|264,59;:(i>«e/cMN (/iff':o/«r, var. /«/ia<a 21848
Popnlus ylandnlosa 267 (50: Qnercns Donglasii 215 47
Popnlns grandidentata 2(5.5 .59;: «i)««w(« Drnmmondii 237'52
Popnlns heteropliylla 266.59j;Qnercn8 dnmosa 21647
Populns heterophylla, var. argentea. .. 266 59|.(^tf crous IJuraniii 23,551
Popnlns Uvviijala 2()7;(50j (^nercHS echinacea 214,47
Populns macrophylla 263l.59||^u('rc«« elungata 218^48
12
t I
w
I
,
I
i:
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\
.1. . .-
.■4\': ~r '-■■■
•
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if
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if
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INDEX.
90
Name.
! o
i 4* ''
A {I
Name.
13229
170 37
Quercns Emoryi 217 47 Quercua sempervirens 238 52
Qiiercus falcata 218 48 ijuercus nerkea 23953
Quervm fakaia, var. triloba 218 48 Quercua Sonomenaia 223 49
Quercua ferruginea 22950; QuercuH stellata 2'<i551
Quercua fulreacena 212 46 Qiieicns tiuctoiia 2:]<> 51
Quercua Gambelu 237 52' Quercua iinctoria, var. CaUfornica 22349
Quercns Garryana 219 48 Quercua triloba 218 48
QuercuB Georgiaua 239 53 Quercun niidulata 237 .52
Quercua griaea 237 52, Quercns undulata, v ar. breviloba . . . 237 52
Quercns hastata 217 47! Qnercus undulata, var. (Jara1*elii.... 23752
Quercns heterophylla 220 48 Quercus undulata, var. grisea 237 ^)2
Quercua Hindaii 225 49 Quercns undulata, var. Janiesii 237 52
Quercus hypoleuca 22148 Quercns undulata, var. oblongata.. . 237 52
Quercns ilicifolia 239 53 Quercus undulata, var. pungens .... 237 52
Quercus imbricaria 222 48, Quercus undulata, var. Wriglitii.... 237 52
Quercns Kelloggii 223 49 Quercua vacciniifolia 212 4G
Quercus lanrifolia 224 49 Quercua velutina '23651
Quercns lobata 22549 Quercus virens 238.52
Quercua lobata, var. fruticoaa 23953 Quercus virens, var. dentata 23852
Quercns lyrata 22649 Quercns virens, var. maritiiua 23852
Quercns macrocarpa 927 49 Quercus Wislizeui 239 52
Quercua macrocarpa, var. olivd'formia . '■227 49 Quercus WisHzeni. var. frutescens.. ^39 53
Quercua maritiina 23852! ]
Quercua Michauxii .•$ 209 46 1 R. | i
Quercua montana 233 51;
Quercua Morehua 2.39 .52 liapauea Gnyanensia
Quercus Muhlenbergii 228 50 Red Bav
Quercus niyrtifolia. 23953 Red Birch 24956
Quenua Xeai 21948 Red Bud (Corcis CanadenslH) 70 17
Quercns nigra 229 50 Red Bud (Cercis occideutalis) 7117
Quercua nigra (Quercns tinctoria) 23651 Red Cedar 277 62
Quercua uigra, var. quinqueloba 229 .50 Red Elm 179 39
Quercns oblongifolia 230.50 Red Fir ^95 67
Quercua oblongifolia (Quercus undula- i Red Maple 51 13
ta, var. oblongata) 237 52 Red Mulberry , .. Ie9 41
Quercua obiuailoba 235 51 Red Oak 234 51
Quercua obiuailoba, var. breviloba .... 237 52 Red Pine 331 77
Quercua oleoiilea 23852 Red Wood (Ceanotlins spinosus) 3611
Quercua oUtaeformia 227 49 Red Wood ( Sequoia senipcrvirtns) . . 2^*9 66
Quercns ]>alustns 23150 Rhamna<e.k 10
Quercus Thellos 232.50 Rhanmns Caroliniana 34 !0
Quercua riielloa, var. arenaria 239 53 Rhamnua obtuaifoliua 32 10
Quercua riielloa, var. cinerea 21146 RlianinnsPurshiana 3511
QutrcHx rinllna X voccinia 22048 Rhizophora Mangle 107 25
Quercua I'hcllos, var. laurifolia 224 49 Riiiz<>!'H( »rack.e 25
Quercua I'lulUm, var. pumiUi 23953 Riiododendron niaxiniiini 13129
Quercua I'helloa, var. airicea 239 53 Rhus Metojiinni 55 14
Qin reus prinoidi's 23953 Rhus tyi»hiua... .5614
Quercus Triuiis 233 51 River Birch 249 56
QutrcuK 1'rinu.y, var. acuminata 228 .50 Robinia I'seudacacia 5!; 15
Qucrcux I'rinwt Chinquapin 239 53 Robinia viscosa 59 15
Quenn I'rinus, var. tUacolor 20<» 46 Rock Chestnut Oak 233 51
(^•iircuK i'rinna, var. moniic^!'^ 23;{51 Rock Elm 18039
Quercua I'rinua pchiatria 209 46 Rock Maj))? 5213
Quercua rrinit pumila 239.53 Rocky Mountain Scrub Oak 237,52
Quercun I'rinua, var. iomcntoaa 20946 Rosack.k Jl9
Quercus pumila 239.53 Rose Bay 13129
Quercus pumila, var. sericeu 239.53 Rosemary Pine 3;J()79
Quercw* pungcnx 237.52 RiniAi k.k "iri
Quercua (juinqucloba 229 50 I{ltace.i; i . . . ; 7
Quercua lianaomi 225 49!
Quercus reticulata 239 53 1 g.
Quercua retuaa 238 .52
Quercus rubra — 234 51 Sabal Palmetto 33879
Quercua rubra (Quercus Kelloggii). .. 223 49 Saucack.*: :...|57
Quercui iSau Sabeana 237 ,52 Salix ambigua 261 ,58
INDEX.
91
Salix aufiiiHtnta 257,57
(S'rt/jjc ai'ijntu |25y 58
Salix arfiHta, var. Umamlra 259,58
Salix Caroiitiiuna j261 58
SiiHx cordata |257,57
Salix conlata, var. anj^UHtata ^257 57 1
Salix cordata, var. rigida 257 57
Salix falcata '26158
Salix Femlleria ua |259 58
Salix Hoffman Ilia na 259T)8
Salix Homtoniaua |261j58
Salix lii'vifiiata '2^^% .'>7
Salix laiicifolia 25958
Salix lasiaiidra 259 58
Salix la^iandra, var. Fendleriana... 2.'>9,.58
Salix lasiaiidra, var. hmcifolia 2.59.58
Salix Incida 260.58
Salix liicida, var. macrophylla 259 58
Salix nigra ". 2fil 58
Salix niijra, var. fa hata 261 •'"'8
136
47
147
Salix peniatulra, var. caiuhita.
2.5958
Salix J'iirnhiaiia 261 .58
Salix ri(ji(la 257 57
Salix H))eciom 2.59 58
Salix Torre !ia na 257 57
Samara JioribiDida i;i2'<i9
SaiiibnciiM ••iauca 12227
SAPlXDACK.t; 1. .. 11
Sai>iiidiiM niarjiinatus j 4212
Sa]>iiKlii.s Suiioiiaria 43 12
Sapotack/K i ... 30
Sassafras 171 37
Sassafras ottitiiialo 17137
Satiu Wood i 18 7.
Savin 277 62
Scarlet Oak 213 47
Scarlct-tniitcd Thorn 9422
Schaffiria hnxi folia 31 10
Sfluvfferia eompleia 3110
SclnctU-ria Irntcscens 31 10
Schaff'triu lateriflora 17338
Schocptia arlioirsccns 26 9
Schuberlia semperriniix 28J» 6(5
Screw Hean 73 18
Screw-jiodMcsqiiit 7318
Scrub Oak 210 46
Scrub Oak, Rocky Mountain 237 52
Scrub I'ine (I'iims llanksiaiia) 31373
Scrub Tine (Tiniis iuops) :!21 75
Sea GrajH' 169 37
Sca-sidc Alder 2.53 57
Sebastiania Incida 17438
Secpioia gigantca 288 6.">
Sequoia sempervin'ns 289 ()6
Sequoia fVellingtouiana 28H (ir»
Service Tree . ." lO.'', 24
Shad Bush 105 24
Shag-bark Hickory 198 43
Sheep Berry '. 123 27
Shell-bark Hickorv il98 43
Shell-bark liickorV, Thick 203 44
Shell-bark Hickory, Western 20344
Shingle Oak 222 48:
Shining Willow 26058
Short-leaved Pine 32476
Sideroxylou luastichodendrou 113630
21
302
336
179
176
147
42
43
63
64
64
85
89
129
119
117
129
140
311
218
231
2.52
172
Sideroxiilon pallidum.
Silver Maple
Silver-bell Tree
SiMAUUBE.K
Siinarubra glauca
Single Spruce
Slash Pine
Slippery Elm
Small-leaved Elm
Snow-drop Tre«! ....
Soaj) Berry (Sapindns marginatus)..
Soaji Berry (Sapindns Saponaria) . ..
Sophora alilinis
Soidiora seciinditlora
Sophora npeviom
Sorhiis Amtricatia
Sorbits Mttml)iicif(dia
Sorrel Wood. I
Sour (Sum
Sour Tupelo
Sour Wood
Southern Buckthorn
Southern Pine
Spanish Oak
Spanish Oak, Swamp.
Speckled Alder
Spice Tree
Spoon Wood 130
Sj>ruce, Douglas ; 298
Spruce Pine (Pinus glabra) 320
Spruce Pine (I'inus miti«) 324
Spruce, Single 302
Spruce. White 302
Staghorn Sumach .56
Stinking Cedar 271
.Striped Oogwood ; 50
Striped Maple ' 50
SIromliocarpa iiitbescviiH , 73
Stjiiihiiololiiinn affine 63
Stvi!.\(A('i: i: ' ...'
Sugar I'lcnv 18440
Sugar Maple ; .5213
Sugar Majde, Black 5280
Sugar Piue 323 75
Suinacli, Col a I 5514
Sumiuli, Stiigliorn .5614
Sumiii.r Haw 9823^
Swami> Hickorv 19943-
Swamp Ma])le 5113
Swami> Pine 33679
Swamp Post Oak 226 49
Swamp Spanish Oak 23150
Swamp White Oak 20946
Sweet Bav 4 4
Sweet Birch 247 55
Sweet Buckeve 39 11
Sweet Gum..' 10624
Sweet Leaf 145 32
Swieteuia Mahogany 24 8
SycaiiKue , 191 4 1
Symplocos tinctoria 145 32
30
12
32
8
8
70
7»
39
3t*
32
12
12
16
IG
16
21
21
89
27
26
29
31
72
48
50
.56
37
29
68
75
76
70
70
14
61
13
13
18
16
32
■Ti.
Table Mouutain Pine 33077
Tacamahac....* 263 59
INDEX.
92
Tamarack (Larix Americana) 30771
Tamarack (Pinua contorta, var. Mur-1
rayana) I31573
Taxaok.e i... 61
Taxodium distichum 128765
Taxodium giganteum 388 65;
Taxodi nm sempervirena 289,66;
Taxodium Washingtonianum 288,65:
Taxu»baccata 27261
27361'
27261
27361
27361
27361
27261
TaxuH baccata, var. Canadensis) .
Tuxua Bouraieri
Taxus brevifolia ,
TaxKH Canadenaia
Tuxns Floridaua
Taxua Lindlegana
Tkuxstikemiace^ I . . . 6
Tefranthera Californica il72 37
Thick Shell-bark Hickory 203 44
Thorn, Black '1(><>23
Tliorn, Cockspur 9f>22
Thorn, Pear 10223
Thorn, Scarlet-fruitt'd 94 22
Tliorn, VVashiujtton ' 95 22
Three-tljorned Acacia 67 17
Thrinax parviflora '34C80
Thuya Craigiana ,28665
Thuifa exceha 128264
Tlm'ya gigantea 1284 64
Thuya ifujantea (Liboc»Mlru8 decnr-i
rens) '. ,' 28(5 65
Th uya Minziem 284 64
Thn'ya o<!cidentaU8 2^5 64
Thuya plicata 2846J
Thuya uphwroidalia 2K{64
Th uyopaia botralia 2H2 64
Th uyopaia Teh ugatakoy 282 ()4
Tilitt alba - 15 7
Tiliii Americana 14 6
Tiliu Americana, var. pubescens 14 6
Tilia lictt'rojthylla 15 7
Tiln4 hijriflora 15 7
TiUa pubcHvenn 14 6
TlLlA( K.K 6
Tollon 104 24
Tootiiaclic Tree 19 7
Toreh Wood I 23 8
Toniilhi ; 73 1.-<
Torreya Californica ,270 61
Toneya Myriatica 270 61
Torreva taxitolia I27MJ1
Toyon 104 24
Tnuga Canadensis 29l» 69
Tanya Donglaaii 298 fiH
Tsuga Mertensiana 3U0 69
Tsuga I'attoniana 301 69
Tulip Tree 8 5
Tnpelo 11927
Tupelo, Large |l21ti7
Tupelo, Sonr •. |ll72t>
Turkey Oak 210 4(5
Ulmua Floridana
rimns ful va
Ulmua opaca
Ulmua pumila ..
Ulmns racemosa
Ulmua rubra
Umbellularia Californica .
Umbrella Tree
Uugnadia speciosa
Upland Willow Oak
Urticack-K
Ururia triloba
177
179
V.
Vkuhknack.k ..
Viburnum Lentaj;<»
Viburnum prunitoli
Vine Maiile....
1'irgilia fntia ...
39
17839
176:i8
18039
17939
17237
7 6
4112
211|4U
..38
10 f>
um.
W.
36
123|27
12428
46112
16
U.
Ulnnis alata
Uliiius Americana.
IJlniuB craouifolia .
17638
177 39
17839
Walnnt, Hlack [19643
Walnut, White 19542
Washington Thorn 1 95:22
TVaabingtotiia Californica j28865
Washingtonia filifera j339i79
Water Ash 15333
Water Beech 245154
Water Hickorv 200,44
Water Locnst ! mil
Water Oak [208;45
Water White Oak 226 49
Wdlingionia gigantea 28865
West Indian' Bireh | 22i 8
Western Arbor Vitic 284,64
Western Catalj>a 165;36
Western Shell-bark Hickory 203 44
Weymouth Pine 3;15;78
Whahoo 17638
White Ash 14832
White Bass Wood \ 15 7
White Bay j 4 4
White Birch (Bctnla alba, var. popu- I
lifolia) 246|55
White Birch (Betulapapyracea)...., 251,56
White Cedar (Chaiuiccvparia Law -;
soniana) 28163
White Cedar (Chauuecvparis spha;- I
roidea) |28364
White Cedar (Libocedru8decnrrens)28665
White Cedar (Thuya occidentali8)..,285l(>4
White Cypress " i287i65
White Elm 177I39
White Fir ;29267
White Hickory 199 43
White Mangroye (Avicennia nitida) 16736
White Mangrove (Lagnncnlariarace-
mosa) 109,25
White Maple 1 4712
White Oak 20745
White Oak, Evergreen 23050
White Oak, Mossy-cnp i227:49
White Oak, Mountain (215 47
Whi te Oak, Swamp J209;46
White
White
White
White
White
White
fera
White
White
Wild!
Wild]
Wild]
Willoi
Willow
Willoi
Willow
Wiiigc
Xantli
Xanth
INDEX.
93
Nnine.
White Oak, Water
White Pine (PinnH floxills)
White Pine (Pinua Btrobus)
White Spruce
White Walmit
White Wood (Liriodendron Tullpi-
fero)
White Wood (Tilia Americana)
White-heart Hickory
Wild Block Cherry
Wild Plum
Wild Red Cherry
Willow, Desert
Willow Ook
Willow Oak, Upland
Willow, Shining
Winged Elm
X.
Xanthoxylum Cnrilinonni .
J[anthoxylum Carolinianum.
II
33649
31974
335
303
195
e
14
304
81
78
70
43
5
()
44
30
7619
8019
166 3«
333 50
31146
360l5H
17638!
18 7
19| 7
Name.
Xanthoxylum Clava-H»'rcnli«
Xanthoxylum Floridanum
Xniitlioxyhim I'tcrota
Ximcnia AmiTicaua
I?
191 7
IH 7
30, H
Y.
Yellow Birch 348 55
Yellow Pine (Finns auHtralis) 31173
Yellow Pine (Pinus niitis) 334 76
Yellow Pine (Pinus ponderosa) :33l>|77
Yellow Poplar | 8| 5
Yellow Wood 6816
Yellow-barked Oak 336 51
Yucca l»revifolia 341 80
Yucca Drncouin, var. arhorescem 341 80
Yuccu Treculianu 343 80
2.
Zi7,y]thii8 obtuHifoliuH 3310
Zygoi'HYLLacea: |...l 7
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