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BY DAVID K BROVS^N TORONTO J. K()8S H()BKKTS()N,55 KmG-STREKT WFS T, 80UTH-WKSr COKNKR OF BAY-STRIKT. 1879 ,r.i.s{*r'-i^i^:«rr \i * ^ I \\ '^i^ ot -v i' » , ' ; 1.1 t ■ / ■: ■'W ^ ■, 'V; •J;;, / .;i -./,/■•'«''' ' -'■■', J'^- . ,'>' >•?''' •:?•;• f. J. : • ' ■ I -•I'!' 1> FOOTBALL. No sooner has any game attained to great popularity, than aniiqaarien are able to dem- onstrate inoontestibly that after all the modem is only an in^iitation, it' not an emascalation of the ancient mode of play. It is notice- able, too, that the greater the favour with which the gate is regarded, the more an- cient is its o! i^in proven to be. Ten years ago association football in Scotland had as- sumed the character of a national game, and I well remember the inevitable antiquary in- contestible proving that the game had pre- viously seen a development fuller than that to which the united efforts of thousands of players had raised it, in the days when cat- tle-lifting was by all odds the most popular game on the borders of the lands of the rose and thistle. It was with stoical resignation that association,football players then accepted the position of disciples instead of mesters, and the antiquary retired into obscurity with a helf-satistied chuckle at having de- monstrated the inferiority of the players OT the present to those hardy borderers v^ho Taried sheep stealing, with kicking inilat>ed sheep's bladders. The antiquary having vanished— for a season, as it ultimately proved — players resumed the game, and made it preeminently the Held amusement of the young men of Scotland. Everyone was Satisfied that' whatever may have been the •xoellenoe of the skill displayed by the bor- der men of old and however high tne merit they were entitled to as originators of the game, the young men of the day, though tbey but tumbled out of the hives of industry on to green fields fur a few odd hours, had made such advances in the science of the game as to be entitled to rank as masters of the second era — when another old relic of hu- manity uame forth and gave his flat that the game was much more ancient than nad previously been suspect- ed. With bated breath the players learned that the Greeks practised football and after h.^viug slaughtered a few Romans, taught the same to the remnant of the legions. Thereafter the Roman troops en- gaged in war and the teaching of football and thus it came that the British learned the game. The antiquary does not give particulars of its introduction ana it is lott to a humble player to complete tne tusbj old fellow's work by explaining how it occur, ed. After his step-mother delivered Car- actacus to Ostorins, the Briton was taken to Rome, and when there, he saw two or three games, while he was yet in captivity. After he was set free he took such a fancy to foot- ball that he found himself spending his money so freely that he had to hold a caucus with himself. On striking a balance, he found that after securing a tirst-class passage home he would just have sufficient meaL s to enter into the king buoiiiess and hire two teams for a week. To consider with Caractacus was to act and thus he returned to Britain. As he doubtless calculated beforehand, he only had to pay his teams for their first week's engagement. The fascination of the game made than keep the field long after any pecuniary induce- ment to appear had disappeared. 'I'his is, I believe, the true inwardnessof the introduc- tion of football into Britain. No antiquary has yet come forward to explain itn intro- duction into Qreece, or its oriion. It may save much speculation to centre the first idea of football in Adam, for certainly his kicking away of the fatal apple— though this is not ou the record, it is only natural to suppose that he did it — is a genesis as sensible for football as the genesiscan be of any other form of ' humanity in action. ' Now that we have got at the bottom facta in con- nection with football I may at ouoe come to something practicable. In these hasty lines it is none of my purpose, however con- genial the task would be, to trace the his- tory and evolution of the game since it wai^ or was not, introduced into Britain by the returned king. Suffice it to say that up till the year 1863 the game was essentially local in all its rules. Thus there were the Harrow, the Eton, the Marlborough, the Shrewsbury, the Rugby, the Scotch, etc., rules, each set differing materially. The effect of these various peculiarities of play in a game where imperfection in any point may (however paradoxical it seem) mean the defeat of a team otherwise fully equal to its epponents, was to retard the progreaa of the game and to confine the contests to FOOTBALL. districts. The great impetas arising from national contests was absent and could not be looked foi until the rules were made har- monious. An appreciation of this fact led to a convention of players in 1863, held in London, at which a set of rules was drawn up and an association formed. This asso- ciation aimed at something more than < mA'e* ly bringing the rules into unison. Players had long recognized the roughness that characterized th? various systems of playing football and they had also been aware that what had originally been football had be- come a game in which the foot was subordi- nate to the hand.and skill to brute strength. What was aimed »t then was to make foot- ball really a game wherein the foot played the ball, and to this end they determined to do away with the handling of the ball except by the gaol-keeper, the permission being granted in his case that the capture of a gaol might be rendered more difficult. The new game met with much favour in England and soon ran a close race with the Rugby game. In Scotland the tirst club formed was the Queen's Park, who beginning their existence in 1867 have since then had an almost unbroken record. Recently, however, they have not had mat- ters so much their own way, other clubs formed later having pushed tbem hard. I have not the statistics of the English and Scottish Associations athand but I think I aracorrectin saying that though England first practised the new game, Scotland has adopted it with more heartme88 and played it on the whole with more success, as is evidenced by the fact of England for the first time winning, last year, aninternational match, in which the team re- presenting Scotland was one chosen by the Scottish Association. Wales has been even lebs lucky against the uncanny Scotchmen ; but judging from the renewed interest in the game in England this state of affairs will not continue long. While I do not look for the players of the English or Welsh Associations manifesting a dominating superiority over those of the Scottish Association, I certainly do anticipate that the future internation- kl matches will find victory more evenly dis- tributed. Perhaps without incurring the im- putation of being partial I may direct atten- tion to a noble feature in the history of the game as played in Scotland. In four years tie charity matches in Glasgow have yielded £1,645, a record which I believe is unparallel- ed in the annals of athletic exercises. lu con- nection with most amusements calling for the exercise of physical force and endurance it is common to hear of broken down constitutions and fatal accidents. I can recall no death, no permanent injury, indeed, no enduring incoxivouicuce from the playing of the Association game in Scotland, though in England laat year the death was recorded of one poor fellow who fell a vic- tim to an injudicious ' charge.' The danger arising from 'jumping at' a player was at once r^ognized and .9 law was passed pro- hibiting it in future. >I^ not the record ex- traordinory ? In Scotland there are at least 8,000 active players of the game, and these have pursued the health giving ei^ercise with- out any of their number having sustained as much injury, as many of them might have, had they instead of rushing headlong on the field, been stretched full length in bed. The benefit which the playe^ a derive is not all the good that arises from the game. To see it large crowds leave the vitiated atmosphere of the cities and find their way to the football fields. If this exercise be less boisterous than that of the players it is not unattended by beneficial results. Thus when amusement is provided and tone to the system found it cannot be wondered at that tens of thou- sands are votaries of the game who never kick the ball. a,.n THE GAME IN CANADA, Nothing is more natural than that an ex- fiatriated person in a land new to him should ong for many of the associations that were dear to him in the country whence he came. Prepared, if he bo a man of the right sort, to fall into the ways of the people among whom he resides, he yet craves for some of his for- mer delights, and to this may be attributed the introduction of Association Football to Canada, which occurred three years ago. A number of Glasgow young men, who played the game ibere, found themselves congre- gate^ in the City of Toronto. Cricket and applauding at lacrosse matches furnished congenial exercise during the summer months but the spring and fall hung heavy on their hands. A number of them being together one night it was re- solved to attempt the introduction of as- socihtiun football. Rugby was then played with considerable vigour tliough not exten- sively, but the same feeling of dissatisfaction with it which led iu England to the fo- -na- tion of the association prevailed here. This was supplemented here by the popular dis- favour with which the Rugby game was re- ganled, on account of its roughness. These young men to whom I have referred were all members of the Carlton Cricket Club and they formed th * Carlton Football Club, the tirst associatio 1 club iu Canada, and I FOOTBALL. the igh i^as ic- ger at ro- ex- ast ese th- aa e. believe on the oontinenti Invitatiooa were extended to all to oome| and see the new game and the reaalt was that the asaociation game apread. The mlea were at firat writ- ten entirely from memory and aome abaurd miatakea were Riade. A Scottiah Annual waa aent for, a meeting of cluba waa aum- monned and the reault waa that a Dominion Football Aaaociation waa formed and the rulea of the Scottiah Aaaociation adopted entirely. Only one amendment that the parent inatitution Lsm aeen fit to make haa not been adopted here — that prohibiting 'jumping at ' a player — the reaeon for ita rejection here being that we Canadian playera have not yet developed any such n^edleaa practice. Since the formation of the Dominion Aaaociation the game haa progreaaed with great atridea. A apitit of forbearance haa ruled in the meetinga of the aaaociation and the playera have aought to avoid any conflict with Kugby players, truating to the morits of their game to pro- cure them reoruita rather than to polemical diacusaion. The reault ia that the utmoat good feeliuG; prevaila between the exponenta of the two aystema of playing football. If Eugby have made any advance in popular esteem aaaociation playera do not regret it, for they hold that better any kind of football than no football. At the same time they feel the liveliest satisfaction with their own progress, and I think it will be admitted with good reason, for now there must be at least over twenty clubs in Canada alone, and of late every wnek has brought word of new cluba organ- izing. This record far excels that of the Scottiah Association, aa it is to be hoped the Canadian teams will excel the Scottish when an opportunity offers for a test of skilL At present it must be confessed our clubs play with more vigour than judgment and with more dash than skill, though it must in justice be said that the tendency is to a better appreciation of the fine points of the game. To abridge as much as possible this learning by experience is the object I have in view iu proceeding to make a few remarks upon playing the game. FORMING A CLUB. Of first importance it is that a club ahould be properly formed ; on the strength of ita constitution will depend the duration of ita exiateuoe. On this head I may as well transcribe from the ' Scottish Annual' the re- gulations which exporience haa taught them to be of prime importance : No Club will proaper which ia not regulat- ed by a proper code of rulea, energetically enforced by duly appointed officials, and it will certainly tend to their better observa- tion if the laws are few in number and com* ptehenaive. Rule Ist will determine the name of the Club and the colours : 2nd, the Committee ol Management (six, eight, ten, or more), consisting of Freaident, Secretary, Treaaurer and members, ao many to form a quorum, to be elected annually, and be eli- gible (or not) for re-election ; thia Committee to appoint the players in the matches, to en- force aubacriptiona, to call general meetinga, to aettle disputes occurring in the field, and to regulate the manner in which matches shall be conducted. Rule 3rd may say when general meetings are to be held, aud how called ; care being taken to name the num- ber of members necessary to form a quorum. It may be desirable to give right of appeal from the Committee to a special general meeting -the Secretary being held bound to suminuu ^uch meeting on receipt of a requisi- tion signed by ao many membera. Rule 4th will deal with the admiaaion of membera — application to be made through a member to the Secretary, who shall give intimation to the other members a week before the general meeting. This rule shouM fix the entry- money aud subscription, stating when these must be paid, and giving power to the Com- mittee to sue for the sum when a certain time has elapsed. It may also detail the proce- dure to be observed when it is desired to ex* elude a member — intimation to be given to the Secretary by requisition, signed by six or eight members, a special general meeting if necessary), tu be summoued^withina week, the complaint heard, and a majority of votes to decide. Expelled membera to forfeit all right to property, and not to be eligible for re-election, if one or more members object. New members should receive intimation of their admission in writing from the Secre- tary ; a copy of the rules being also forward- ed. Other rulea may be added, naming the sum to be paid by honorary members, and de- claring the rules unalterable, except by the decided majority of a full general meeting. An excellent method when forming; a Club, however, is to secure the co-operation f an influential member of some neighbouring As- sociation ; his experience will always be found valuable, and it will seldom happen that a district is so much isolated as to be un- able to command such aid. THE DUTIES OF THE EXECUTIVE. These are two-fold and relate to the club and to ita attitude towards the public. They FOOTBALL. must exercise constant supervision over the affairs of the club ; see that is finances are kept straight and all engagements promptly met Laxity in this respect is the first step towards the demise of the club. The play- ing material must be kept up to the mark. The executive must work to keep the mem- bers in the be8t of temper towards each other. A football player is not different from the rest of humanity and is often unable to see why another should be prefer- red for a match. It is the duty of the Exe- cutive, while maintaining its dignity to see that this feeliufl! in a player is removed. Candour and openness will generally effect this, but under any circumstances the Exe- | outive must respect its own decisions if it would have them respected. The discharge of this duty to the club is most trying, but it must be discharged. There are different ways of doing it and the b st is that of can- dour and openness. There are beings who find their way into clubs whom it is impossi- ble to please, and the Executive after hav- ing exhausted every dignified means of re- taining such beings within the fold will do well to let them seek other pastures rather than submit to their egotistical dictation. To the Executive of clubs I say be firm but not dictatorial, accommodatiup where you can but never servile to any of those who may have contributed to your being entrusted with the club's management. In conduct- ing your business you will find that the management of the club is like running an office. Success will attend energy and systematic work on a good common sense basis ; the pursuit of whims, indulgence m fancy ideas, or negligence will result in bankruptcy. Another branch of the duties of the executive towards the club is its re- ception of a visiting club ; and here I cannot improve upon Mr, Dick's remarks, which I fia.l in the Scottish Annual :— " The arrange- ments in any match should be m ide so »» to promote the utmost good feeling on the part of the players. The officials of the Home Club should always have one or two of the members waiting the arrival of the visiting club. It is very uncourteous to allow visi tors to arrive in a place where they may be total— at best comparative— strangers, and to find their way as best they can to th« playing ground. A little attention in this respect would, I am sure, often cause a very pleasant game to take the place of a very rough one— and 1 know some rough ones that had no other cause for their roughness. In ■eriously endeavouring to make visitors happy and comfortable before and after a match, lies the secret of pleasant games and friendly intercourse between club and club. One evil, however, to be carefully guarded against, is that of allowing your entertain- meats to degenerate into debauchery. Nothing oan Im more antagonistic to the success of football, the welfare of football players, and the prosperity of our country, than such a finale to a match." I come now to consider the responsibility of the execu- tive of a club to the public. I take it as al- leady as good as accomplished that the as- sociation game will spread all over Canada. It is unfortunately the case that wher) popu- lar attention is arrested by an impending contest, speculation is indulged in regarding the result. Were this confined to can- vassing jthe merits of the opponents, one could not help rejoicing, as thereby the game would be benefited, but unfortunately speculation too frequently takes the form of betting. I will not inflict on those who read these lines a diatribe upon this evil, for that it is an evil I cannot think any one who can take pleasure in out-door sports will deny. Admitting that money easily come by easily goes, and thus the winner is only a trifle less a loser than the direct loser, I would call attention to its effect upon the playing of the game The roan who has money dependins on the result is unable to appreciate good play which may put his money in jeopardy ; and what is worse, he shows partizanahip to such an extent that essentially bad play is applauded by him when good play calls forth only expressions of centempt. This dis- crimination is calculated to produce dis- cord among the players themselves, and in- i troducea among bunglers a self satisfaction that is fatal to progress. The effect of bet- ting on a field is demoralizing alike to specta- tors and players, and I would earnestly im- press upon the executive of a club that their duty is to use force if necesbary to keep away such elements from their matches I am not one of those who are afraid of censure doing harm on a field, so long as that censure is an expression of unbiassed feeling. I am more afraid of indiscriminating applause, so I would advise executives, so far as lies in their power, to imbue their club with a feeling of appreciation for good play, and a just esti- mate of bad play. In conclusion I would say that if an executive in its attitude towards the club and the public try to preserve the game from all low associations, from every- thing that savours of brutality, visciousness or meanness, and endeavour to render the game attractive, that executive will deserve and enjoy the ,good opinion of every one whose opinion is worthy of esteem. FOOTBALL. led in* Jth« lb«ll Vy. low kda. Img tan- ,, „.THE LAWS OF THE GAME. JETaying outlinet) the formation and sag- getted oonaiderationa which are oaloulated to ensure the well being of a olnb, I now trans- oribe the rulee under whioh the Amo- oiation game i« played in Canada. 1. The limit* of the ground shall be : max- imum length, 200 yards ; minimum length, 100 yards ; maximum breadth, 100 yards ; minimum breadth, 50 yards. The length and breadth shall be marked off with flags ; and the goals shall be upright posts, 8 yards apart with a tape or bar across them, 8 feet from the ground. 2. The winners of the toss shall have the option of kick-off or choice of goal. The same shall be commenced by a place kick from the centre of the around ; the other side shall not approach within ten yards of the ball until it is kicked off, nor shall any player on either side pacs the centre of the ground in the direction of his opponent's goal until the ball is kicked off. 3. Ends shall onlj[ be changed at half- time. After a goal is won, the losing side shall kick off, but after the change of ends at half-time the ball shall be kicked off by the opposite side from that which originally did 80, and always as provided in Law 2. 4. A goal shall be won when the ball passes between the goal-posts under the tape or bar, not being thrown, knocked on, nor Icarried, The ball hitting the goal or boundary posts, or goal-bar or tape, and re- bouuding into play, is considered in play. 6. When the ball is in touch a player of the opposite side to that whioh kicked it out shall throw it from the point on the bound- ary-line where it left the ground in a direct- ion at right angles with the boundary-line, at least six yards, and it shall be in play when thrown in. The player throwing it in shall not play it untU it has been played by another player. 6. When a playei kicks the ball, any one of the same side who at such moment of kicking is nearer to the opponent's gaol-line is out of play, and may not touch the ball himself, nor in any way whatever prevent any other player from doing so until the ball has been played, unless there are at least three of his opponents nearer their goal-line ; but no player is out of play when the ball is kicked from the goal-line. 7. When the oall is kicked behind the foal-line by one of the opposite side, it shall e kicked off by one of the players behind whose goal-line it went, within six yards of the nearest goal-post ; but if kicked behind by any one of the side whose goal-line it is, a player of the opposite side shall kick it from within one yard of the nearest \)om«r flag-post. In either case no othar player shall be allowed within six yard* of the ball until it is kicked oft 8. No player ahall oartv or knock on the ball ; and handling the baU, under any pre* tence whatever, ahall be prohibited, exoept in the case .-.' the goal-kee^r, who shall be alljwed to use his hands m defence of hii goal, either by knocking on or throwing, ut shall not carry the balL The goal* keeper may be changed during the game, bat not more than one player shall aot a* goal-keeper at the^ same time ; and no second player shall step in and aot daring any period in which the regular goal-keeper may have vacated his position. f . Neither tripping nor hacking shall b* allowed, and no player shall use his hands to hold or push his adversary, nor charge him from behind. 10. No player shall wear any nails, ex> oepting such as have their heads driven in flush with the leather, nor iron plates or guttaperclia, on the soles or heels of his boots. 11. In the event of an infringement of Rules 6, 8, or 9, a free kick shall oe forfeited to the opposite side from the spot where the infringement took place. 12. In no case shall a goal >e scored from any free kick, nor shall the ball be again played by the kicker until it has been played by another player. The kick-off and corner-flag kick shall be free kicks within the meaning of this rule. 13. That in the event of any supposed infringement of Rules 6, 8, 9 or 10, the ball be in play until the decision of the Umpire, on his being appealed to, shall have been given. DEFINITION OF TERMS. A Place Kick is a kick at the ball while it is on the ground, in any position in which the kicker may choose to place it. Hacking is kicking an adversary inten- tionally. Tripping is throwing an adversary by the use of the legs. Knocking on ts when a player strikes or propels the ball with his hands or arms. Holding includes the obstruction of a player by the hand or any part of the arm be- low the elbow. Touch is that part of the field, on either side of the ground, which is beyond the line of flags. ^A Free Kick is a kick at the ball in any way the kicker pleases, when it is lying on the ground ; none of the kicker's opponent* FOOTBALL. beinc allowed within six y»rdfl of the ball : bat in no ^aae can a placer be forced to atand behind hia own gosl-lind. Handling is understood to be playing the ball with the hand or arm. Note— Thia applies to any part of the arm, from the shoulder downwards. til .'i«M I ^i.: '! THE DOMINION ASSOCIATION. At the time of goin({ to press the Domin- ion Association eomprisesthe following clubs, but possibly by the time this is in the hands of the reader, all other clubs playing Associ* ation rules will have become members : — Caklton, Toronto — Toronto LACRoasE, Toronto - School of Medicine, Toronto — University College, Toronto — Knox Col- lege, Toronto — Berlin High School, Ber- lin— Port Hope, Port Hope — Victoria University College, Cobourg — Berlin High School Juniors, Berlin — Trinity Medical School, Toronto. The President is His Excellency the Oovernor-General, who is also Patron of the Scottish Football Association. Since its in- ception Mr. Wm. Lowrey has acted as Hon. Secretary-Treasurer with perfect acceptance. As in the near future Provincial and County Associations may be a necessity, I subjoin the Constitution of the Dominion Association as a model : — CONSTITUTION & RULES. 1. That the Association be called ' The Dominion Football Association.' 2. That all Clubs in Canada playing Association Rules be eligible for Member- ship. 3. That the subscription for each Club be Three Dollars per aunum, payable before Ist October. 4. That the Office-bearers consist of a President, Treasurer- Secretary, with a Committee comprising these Officers, and one member from each Ciub belonging to the Association. That it be in the power of the Committee to appoipt one of their body to act as Assistant Secretary if re- quired. 5. That all the money received at Matches shall be counted that night by the Treasur- er, Secretary, and a member of Committee, or, in the absence of Treasurer and Secretary, by three members of Committee ; and that the Treasurer give b receipt to the Secretary for the sum received ; or, if the Treasurer is absent, the Secretary shall give a voucher to one of the members of Committee present. and at the 6r8t meeting of Committee there- after, a report of the diawings shall be made and inserted in the Minutes. 6. That the Officers be elected at the An- nual Meeting by a majority of the represent- atives of the Clnbs preseht, the retiring Of%< uers to be eligible for T6-oleotion. 7. That the Annual Meeting be held in Toronto in the second week' of October. 8. That each Club be entitled tb appoltit two representatives to attend all meetinsfl of the Association. No two Clabs to be represented by the same individuals. 9. That in the event of any alteration being deemed necessary in the Rules df the Association, notice of the proposed altera- tion shall be sent in writing to'th<6 Secretary, on or before the first of September, and the Secretary shall inform each Olub of the proposed alteration on or before the ISth September. 10. That each Club shall forward its name, the name and address of its Secretary, and a statement of its distingnishing colours or costume, to the Seorietary of the Association, tiU. til '.«\,ll*l,';« n .tie -fd THE CUP COMP ETITION RULES. The Challenge Cap is open for competition to all Clubs in the Association so the rules which regulate the conopetition therefor must be of interest to all Clubs. They are : 1. The Cup shall be called ' The Domin- ion Football Association Challenge Cup.' 2. The Competitions for the Cup shall be annual, and shall be open to all the register-- ed Clubs of the Association, subject to the' approval of the Committee. 3. Clubs desirous of competing must- give notice of their desire to the Secretary, on or before the 16th day of September, ' annually. 4. The Competing teams shall number Eleven Playjrs each, and while the players of each team may be changed, no individual shall play for more than Oi.fl Club during any one season. 5. The duration of each Match shall be one hour and a half, and the Ball used shall measure 2), and not more than 28 inches in ciicumference. 6. The names of the Clubs entered for competition shall be placed by the Committee in one lot, or in lots, according to their nis'* tricts ; and shall be drawn from such lot, or lots, in couples at a time. These (souples shall compete with each other, and the names of the winning Clubs shall be placed in a lot; or lots, drawn in couples, and so on until the Ri sfa in tl9 PJ ic tl SI i' tl tl d si a t s e c FOOTBALL. ir final tie is played wheu the winning 0[vh shall hold the Cap for the current year.| 7. In the event of a Club getting a 'bye ' in any of the drawings, the Committee at the next drawing, shall first draw a Club to play against it from the lot, and thea proceed in drawing couples, vide Rale 6. H. Any Club refusing, or failing to play the Club against whicn it has been drawn, within the time intimated to it, and without sutBcient reasons for so doing, shall be ad- judged to have lost the matob. 9. The lots shall be drawn, and the compe- tition Matches played, as the Committee or the Association may determine ; and imme- diately after each drawing, the Secretary shalljintimate to each of the Clubs drawn, the name of the Club it is dt'awn against, and the time within which the tie is to be played. 10. Notice of the resnlt of each Match shall be sent by the winning Club, or in the event of a 'Drawn-match,' by both of the competing Clubs, so as to be in the hands of the Secretary within three days of the date on which the Match may have been played. 11. Unless otherwise mutually arranged competing Clubs shall trss for choice of ground, except in the final matches, the s;t-oand for which shall be tihbsen by the Com- mittee. But should two Clubs be drawn against one another, one only of which has private ground, the match shall be played on that ground.* Indrawn matches, the Club who fust the toss in the first instance shall have tne choice of ground for the second match. 12. The competing Clubs, in all but the final tie of each season, shall appoint the Umpires and Referee, but in the final tie they shall. be appointed by the Committee. 13- The Referee in all of the competition matches, shall not belong to either of the competing Clubs, and in the case of the final tie, neither the Umpire nor Heferee. 14. On points of fact coNNEtrrED with THE PLAY GOING ON, an appeal may be made from the decision of one Umpire, to that of the other Umpire, and if both agree their decision shall be final ; if they do not agree both Umpires shall confer with the Refe- ree (on the Held, but apart, and by them- selves), and the Referee's decision shall be final. 15. On questions of interpretation of RULES or laws OF THE GAME, an appeal may be made from the decision of both Uupires to that of the Referee, and from that of the Referee to that of the Committee of the Association — but the Referee's decision must * Public srround, if made private for a match' shall be held to be private ground under the meaning of this Rule. BE ACTED ON 19 THE FIELD, although under protest. 16. Protest and appeals nrast be formally intimajted to the Referee and to the competing Club, before the Club protesting leaves the ground on which the match may have been played, and must be lodged with the Secre- tary of the Association within three days thereafter. 17. All questions of eligibility, quali6ca- tion of competitors, interpretations of the Rules or Laws, shall be referred to the Com- mittee of the Association, whose decision shall be final. 18. Wheta the Winning Club shall have been ascertained, the Secretary of the Asso- ciation shall hand the Cup to its representa- tives, on receiving a document to the follow- ing effect, and subscribed by them ; "We, A. B., Secretary of the Z. Y. Club, and 0. D. E. F., and G. H:, membejs of and repre- senting the saiJ Club, which has now been declared to have won the Dominion Football Association Challenge Cup, and the same having been delivered to us by J. K., the Secretary of the said Association, do hereby on behalf of the said Club, and individually and collectively, engage to return the same to the said J . K ., or the Secretary of the As- sociation for the time being, on or before the first day of April next, in like ^ood order and condition, and in accordance with the conditions of the annexed Rules, to which also we have subscribed our respective names." 19. The President and Treasurer of the Association shall be for all intents and pur- poses the legal holders of the Cup, in trust for the Association . 20. In addition to the Cup, the Committee will present to the winners of the final tie Eleven Medals or Badges . 21 . The Committee of the Association shall hlBlve power to alter, or add to the above Rules as they from time to time shall deem expedient. It may be of some interest if I here append the result of the Cup competitions so far. '" SEASON 1877-78. FIBST TIBS PLAYED 20th OCTOBER. Carlton v. Toronto School of Medicine — woE by Carlton 1 goal to 0, Berlin High School r. Gait— won by Berlin by 1 goal to 0. University College v. Toronto Lacrosse — a tie. The second ties owing to various causes beyond the control of the Clubs were not played off. '^' "'' ""' '" 10 FOOTBALL. V, , ,, SEASON 1878.79. FIB8T TIES PLAYED OFF 2ND NOVBMBBB. Berlia v. Gait — Gait scratched to Berlin. Peterboro' v. Queea's College, Kingston — Not played off. Carlton v. Knox College— Won by Knox by 3 goals to 0. University College v. School of Medicine — Not played off. .(.,,5...,.,, ,,„, SECOND TIBS. >i\* ., ,. ■ Berlin v. ITuiveraity College— Won by Ber- lin by 2 goals to 0. School of Mediciue v. Knox College— Won by Knox by 1 goal to 0. . ., ■ ' •, J. ■ ., I ' . ,, FINAL TIB. Berlin H. S. v. Kaox— Won by Knox by 1 goal to 0. preRentinp a diagram of a football field. (See next pag"?*') ibis diagram gives the position of two teams on the tield preparatory to the ball being kicked off. Ouce the ball is in play the attack and defence have begun. HOW TO PLAY THE GAME. Having enumerated the conditions under which the j^ame is played, I now proceed io give a tew directions which I hope may aid players to acquire a degree of proficiency more readily than through tedious, but by no means uaprotitable experience. In doing ti, I would have football players remember that I do not put forth the suegestious following as laws of the Medes and Persians; I do not put them forward as a species of personal criticism on accepted axioms of play — for I have not yet seen any direc- tions regarding how to play the game ; I merely advance them as the suggestions of one who has taken considerable interest in the game ; of one whose want of success hai> per- haps taught him to think a little more about the causes militating against that success than those who have achieved distinction either by instinct or a livelier appreciation of the conditions necessary to raise them to the position of accredited exponents of the game. While I confess that, had these sug^ ^estions to back them the reputation of a tine player, they would have more weight ; I hope that a heaTty appreciation of tine play will warrant their being entertained and discussed by football players. If my sugges- tions but promote discussion, their publica- tion will have done good service ; for nothing, in my experience, has done so much to bring shout tine play in a club as a temperate dis- oussion of the points of play which may have resulted in victory or defeat. That I may be the better understood, I will begin by A FORWARD'S POSITION. The attack should be made entirely by the six forwards supported by the half-backs, the backs moving onwards to reinforce the half-backs when in straits. The forwards siiould advance in line or so dispose them* selves that they may take the ball from their fellow-player when progress is impossible or hazardous. Nothing is more common on oar Canadian tields tlian to see a forward isolated and running with the ball as if the entire issue of the game depended on his individual efforts. This is essentially bad play. The forwards must work like pieces of one mechanism. It may be possible for a for- ward to carry the ball twenty yards further without any great risk, but if it be possible to carry the ball thirty yards with as little risk if it be passed, then it i» bad play if it be not passed. Thus the first requisite in a forward is unselfishness There is some- thing showy and exciting in being able to dodge an opposing forward or half- back, but if thar, dodging be unnecessary the forward, who indulges in it shows him self to be an injudicious player — between whom and a bad player there is little to choose. Combined play always beat indi- vidual showiness, therefore let unselfishness, the first requisite to combined play, be en- forced. Lx-selfishness, however, will not be of much avail unless it be supported by judgment. As is explained in Note 3, forwards usually play in couples. These may be perfectly unselfish towards each other, but they require judgment to know when they have as a couple to be unselfish, and pass the ball to the other couples. Suppos- ing the forwards on the right wing of the attack find themselves faced by the oppos- ing forwards with their half-backs and backa well over toward the point of attack the unselfish play of the attack will not likely be of avail there, and judgment suggests that the attack in this direction be relinquished, and the ball be either centred or kicked well out to the lett wins. As a general rule, it is judicious play to change the point of attack rapidly. This is, however, impossible when the forwards do not understand, or will not, that they must advance simultaneously, and where half-backs mistake their positions as feeders, and supports to the forwards. The favourite plan of attack is to work the ball imt FOOTBALL See of the in PI IQ 'fi •■ 1 *ii>. " t . ,1' •.,■■■'.■■ Jf U. ■■), 11 rt ■■iu.u'> •'A <: 'fl' ■: . r .* ' ■ t ••' •^■■'^''' •■•-i . '...I ■. i^ ■ ••'■f*' ' ■» I • '■■>. Vrl. ■- • ' I ; •••■■1(1 - •'.. I I',., .v-c r, i' ' • . I ;' ' .i V ••■ii i- ,, 1. -lO i(Lv^) I f> t/i '•*)*> y »;-) ■.)l!-'' : • »]•-■ ''!'.• ;. ;■ ■. i • i.T'i- ii'U- .. '■■ -.fMt,).-. ■■>'■ '•■■■■ ■ (•: ''9{i ■' ■^•■^'■■''■•' ' " .■ '':'0i>''.Ut'^ B O k-'v t li- if • ■(■ 1/ •! j •' i; » .,,,1 ^1 . u^'ii : "•■'"■ ■■''•"T" * 'O-""^ "C ■■■ ' •" ' ■,; f.' a.' ' • (■>'»•' • ('»■ ■ ' ...i.. J V ) O l' ■« ' .I'll B i'»i>i 1 i li. 1 4-• ■,■• Am M ),i A ' ,-/ in K| IS EXPLANATION. D ,.1 I .. r - I I A B C D. corner flam; K FQ HJKLMN O, flajfs marking bounda: PQand HS goal and posts, 8 yards c part, height of tape, s feet : A. goal keepers; ii backs; C half-backs; D fur- wftrds * t bfill The ilntance between A and B or C and D, may be from 50 to UK) yards ; between B and D or A and C, 100 to 200 yards ; between the points O and D, twimty yards, though any of the forwards may advance to the imaginary line between K and F.biit not cross it. None of I the forwards except him who kicks otT can ap- proach within ten yurds of the ball. Note 1. The number of flags marking off the grounds is optional but the number above w be found suirlolent, Note 2. The Distance between D and 0, and B, B and A is optional : equl distant is a good arrangement. Note 3. The players coupled with the smaller RRACB nlay in couples, as a general rule, though each player renders assistance to another if re- Quirtul, though that assistance ought to come from half back. Note 4. The larger brace shows the three I layers, to support whom, lathe apeoial dutyof the half-back. l2 FOOTBA.LL. up along either side, and, when near enough to the goal attacked, to make the shot diagon- ally if no back be in the way — but if there be a back, it ia better to centre the ball and let one of the mid-forwards try to put it through. The diagonal shot is much more dithcult for a goal keeper to stop, bat at the same time it is a shot which it is much more difficult to make. The two qualities then that a forward must pre-emin- ently possess are unseldahness and judg- ment in attack. These qualities are en- hanced by speed and pluck. It does not follow that a speedy runner will dribble speedily ; indeed the opposite is more fre- quently the case. This arises from a dis- position to overrun oneself, and so lose com- mand of the ball. A player who is run- ning at break-neck speed cannot have con- trol of himself, and not having control of himself he cannot control the ball. The great idea in forward play is to keep the ball close to the foot. To do so the ball must be struck close to the ground, so that ttie forward impetus given to it may be all but checked by the reverse spin. The ball ought to make a revolution, or part of it, to- warUa the player who has struck it forward. This is dribbling. A good dribbler will im- part this reverse motion to au impelled ball so that it will travel just such a distance as will enable him again to apply whichever foot he desire to the ball without causing him to break or check his speed. To the uninitiated it may look very nice to see the ball about twenty feet ahead of the forward and him descending upon it like a whirl- wind, but that is not good play ; on the con- tray it is very bad play indeed. Speed then is not ability to run fast in pursuit of the ball ; but is ability to ruu fast with the ball. Here I might mention it is my ex- perience that this reverse motion can best be imparted to the ball with boots the toes of wliich are thin. Box toes are a mistake and so are heavy bars on the soles of the boots — I inch is quite thick enough to af- ford a catch on the ground ; thicker bars have a tendency to make the foot catch when a kick is made). By pluck, I do nut mean bravado or animal conbativeness.but rather self-couti- deuce. C^urther on I will allude to charging. Unre let me say that a forward should not permit his mind to wander while on the field. 1 have known many players iniss golden opportunities suddenly presented to them through being lost in a sort of brown study about what they would do were certain things to happen in the play. Others again I have known to grow nervous when making « good run with the ball lest they should fail to secure a goal. This may seem to some readers an uncommon thing, but I can assure them it is not. A plucky player will never think of goal-taking when he is on' the ball ; it will be time enough for him to think of the goal when he has a clear road before him to i(. Every step towards the goal presents difficulties ; the plucky player is he who retains his self-possession and does not let anticipation oirerlook any of the these ob- stacles. As a general thing a forward has no call to do any charging. If he be playing aa lunseliish and judicious game he will have as little call to sustain any charging. At all events what charging is done by forwards should be light. For- wards if they play well together can in most cases avoid this, the most disagreeable part of the game. I would impress upon for- wards that it is not pluck to charge an oppo- nent needlessly. To see one player rush into another like a cannon shot may tickle the fancy of groundlings, but it does not convey to the initiated any great idea of the charging party's skill as a player. The forward who can neatly anticipate a dodge and ob- tain possession of the ball without bang- ing into an opponent is a good player and would always have a place on any team which I might control, in preference to a player whose forte was bowling ^over men like so many ninepins. To forwards, again I say, leave charging to your supports, and confine yourselves in attack to united effort, to evade all opponents and capture the goal. The duties of a forward in defence may be briefly stated. They consist solely in relying upon the half-backs and backs, and in taking up such positions as will enable them to make the best use of the bail when the half-backs and backs have effected its re- lease from the attack. It is a common fault of forwards that they usurp the place of their own defence. This is bad play . A forward is a forward and not a backward, as mtiuy of them seem to think whenever the attacking party holds a temporary advantage. This usurpation of duties on the part of forwards cannot be too strongly condemned, for it frequently embarrasses the play of the half • banks and bncks, and, what is of equal con- sequence, invariably weakens or delays the attack when it i(ag»in called for. Having thus outlined the duties of for* wards, it might be expected that I would have something to say regarding the physical qualities of the players Sest suited for the position of forwards. I have none, and for a very.simple reason ; some of the best forwards I have known have been little fellows, while again some have been big men ; some have been fine muscular fellows, others have been ., 1 FOOTBALL. 13 i rather indifferently sapplied with sinew ; but all good men that I have known, whether thick or thin, tall or short, have possessed the qualities which I have enumerated, and put them into their play. Other things being equal, forwards should be thos<) mem- bers of the team who have plenty of stamina, for the strain upon them is seldom relaxed. But even the deo^and upon stamina can be«o reduced by proper play, that no healthy young man need fear the ability of his con- stitution to meet the expenditure of physical force required, and meet it so as to produce lasting benedt. THE DUTIES OF HALF-BACKS. No player of the eleven is more apt to misconceive his duties than a half-back, more especially if the forward be of the by no means uncommon class who insist upon playing upon the defence as well as on the attack. Then it is that half-backs are found securing the ball and running down the Held with it, only to lose it to the oppo- sing defence. The effect of this is perhaps to make the uninitiated cheer, but its real effect is to weaken the attacking side just where weakness is vulnerable ; for a defence that knows its business will return the ball to its own forwards lung before the invading half back can resume his pioper position. The position of a half-back is that of the first liiie of defence ; his duty is to feed the forwards of his ai ie nothing more When the attacking forwards have worked the ball through their opponents' ranks, it is tljen the duty of the half-back to secuve the ball at all hazar(ls,and haviugsecuredtheballtotipit lightly to his own forwards I say 'tip lightly ' and wish that there be no miscon- ception of what this means. There are cir- cumstances wherein a half- back has nut this option, wherein he can only stop the progress without giving direction to the bull, but in the majority of cases if he be alert, if he use judgment he will manage to intercept an ad- vancing forward and taUe the ball from him with sulHcient caro to consider where he will tip it. Irreaolutiou and impetuosity are kindred vices in a half-back, and to them is attributable, generally, the bad pl"\y seen on a field. In circumstances where it is ap- parent that a half-back can only stop the pro;{re8s of the bull and that by a desperate rush, it is tlie duty of his (k)uipauiou half buck to follow him up rapidly, when, as a rule, the supporting half back will be able to secure the ball with such time to command its course as will enable liiiii to feed whichevor of the forward couples seems best cirouni- stauced to advance the invasion of the enemy's territory. Let half-backs 're- qiember that it is a vice of play to kick heavily, except where it is absolutely neces- sary to place the ball in position among the forwards. In young teams especially, noth- ing IS more common than to see half-backs make a strong kick and call upon the for- wards to close upon the ball. A general rush of the two forces then takes place and the excitable half-back, in as many instances as not, sees that the enemy gets the ball and an opportunity has been thrown away. In kicking the ball, a half-back should try to give it that reverse motion of which I have spoken, so that on the ball's alighting on the ground it may, as it were, steady itself. Nothing is more perplexing to a forward than to have the ball alight in front of him, and bound for- ward right in front of his adversary ; yet is this uncommon? Any one knows that it is not. It is almcst as tantalizing to the for- ward to see the ball alight behind him and to have to wait until it lobs forward. To have to stop a ball with the breast is so much ost time, and in a game played so fast as this every fraction of a lecond is of importance. Therefore half-bicks should practise this reverse kick. A half-back must be a fast runner and he must have even more judgment than a forward. His work is the most exhausting in the field, so he must be a player who is incap- able of thinking of fatigue. On the bear- ing which he manifests on the held depends th^ esprit of the forwards and it is not with- out its effect upon the inner defence ,j'iii THE DUTIES OF BACKS. Backs are the heavy cavalry of the game. On them is reliance placed when the citadel is in imminent danger. Their duties are dif- ferent from those of the half-backs. When the half backs have been passed and the attack is descending on the goal these two players have to face it all. I'hey must be swift of foot, strong kickers, heavy chargers and cool us the proverbial cucumber. When the descent is being made it is the duty of the back nearest to the point of attack to advance to meet it. His com- panion will use his judgment in placing himself so us to impede the progress of the ball toward the goal and, in doing so he will play all the better if he contrive so to place himsell' that the goal keeper and he will occupy two positions, such as will cover the space between the goal posts. I do not mean range himself along side of the goal-keeper, but merely, in persiiectjve, be part of the barrier. His distance iroiu the goal-keeper and the back actively play- 14 FOOTBALL. inK is a matter for judgment to deter- mine. The back is the only man who, ex- cept in making a nhot at ko*1> » privileged in a scientitic game ta make a heavy kick or kick the ball high in air. In kicking, a back's first consideration is to dispossess the attack of the ball and by as much dis- tance aa possible. If in doing this he can feed the half-backs so maoh the better, if the forwards, then indeed is he entitled to the heartiesc of applause. Of course, if it Ise wrong in a half back to dribble, it is doubly wrong in a back. A back must not run with the ball at his foot, but on the contrary when he '-_ Js the leather kick aa beat he may. DUTIES OP THE GOALKEEPER. These are the moat difficult to defiue of any player, and they are the moat difficult and least thankful to diacharge. If any man muat be cool on a football field that man is the goalkeeper. Mauy men in practice can keep admirably cool, but when in a match are enervated by permitting the mind to anticipate all manner of miahapa. Perfect self-command is therefore the first requisite. Again, as a goalkeeper has to cover a space of twenty-four by eight feet, he muat be agile aa a cat to avert the light- ning-like shota that are often made. He muat be able to kick well and truly with both feet, and be a aure catch with hia hands. He must have excellent judgment, so that he may know when to leave hia goal, when to place himself in front of it, and when to retire to the goal line. He muat also be a man of good phy- sique and long reach, so that he may repel a heavy charge, and, if neceaaary, be able to toaa the ball over the line when beaet by the attack. It will be a safe rule for a goalkeeper to follow, if he never leave his post except when the backs are unavailable and there are about two chances to one that by advancing he secure the ball. Once he have the ball the rules as to kicking which apply to backs obtain with him. Many gaolkeepers stand beneath the gaol line, but a favourite position is a few feet iu ad vauoe of it, so that he can, by a step or two to either side or by raising nia hands, prevent the passage of the ball be- tween the posts uulebs it come through the air and be falling in an arch which will just get beneath the tape. This being the eaaieat of all shoi.8 to stop, because it must of ne- cessity have come a distance and be travel- ling slowly, the goalkeeper if he be in advance can easily retire in time. The advantages seem to be entirely iu favour of the goal- keeper who stands a few feet forward in the field. SUMMARY. I have thus briefly attempted to give mj own idea eonceming what is demanded of the various players on a field. It would be too much to expect that they will be accept- ed unchalli^nged by experienced players, but if they succeed in imparting somewhat more of science into the game than is at present dis- played in Canada the questioning of kindly critics will but sweeten the satisfaction I will feel at having been instrumental in directing such a measure of inquiry among football players, as to lead to my conclusions being questioned. If my directions turn out to be wrong, then I will have still greater aatiafaotion in knowing that something better has taken their place. When on this matter, permit me one word iu conclusion. To all young players I would say, learn to keep cool. I do not mean to be cold-blooded in your play, but maintain command of your- self ; for believe me, if you cannot command yourself, you cannot command the ball. In your demeanour toward your fellow-players be as courteous as if you were in a drawing- room and in evening dress. If some one else, who has not command of himself, make any imprudent or offensive remark, pass it by in silence ; c, if it be such as to demand an explanation, wait till the first natural break occur in the play, then request an explana- tion ; if it be not forthcoming, act upon what in your sober judgment seems right, but by no means lower yourself to the level of the offender by displaying impatience or anger. On the field cultivate afeeliug of mutual concession and friendliness, and if you do wrong acknow- ledge it without waiting to be accused. Be as careful not to overrun your iustiucts as a gentleman as you are careful not to overrun the ball, then, indeed, will you be a true football player and a worthy exponbutof the noble game. THE UMPIRE. The rules give directions for the selection of an umpire but they do not instruct that of- ficial any too plainly in hia duty, judging by the iufrmgcHients of hia position and powers which he,invariably I might say, makes. An umpire has no right to open his mouth in reprobation, caution, or in giving judgment until appealed to. When appealed to he must give his decision promptly. He has no call to hear evidence. If a foul be claimed and he do not see it let him say so and the other umpire is then in order to speak. FOOTBALL. 15 THE REFEREE. . - This official often awards fonls when he is not appealed to. It will conduce more to the harmony of the game if he do not thus exceed his power, but wait for a reference to be made to him. THE CAPTAIN. The captain of a team is always one of the players and the position is one not recogniz- ed officially, flis position is one of courtesy but it would be well were he recognized by the rules. He is by some clubs chosen on the field and in others chosen to fill the place for the season. Each plan has its advantages. When the captain is selected on the field that man can be chosen under whose leader- ship the chances are greatest of achieving victory. When he is selected for the season a player is invested with a certain amount of responsibility in getting his men ' up to time, which produces beneficial results. It would be easy to enlarge upon this sub- ject, but I content myself with saying that he is not always the best captain who is the best player. But he is the best captain who most speedily sees through the weak points of his opponent's play, who correctly appreciates the strong points of his own team aati manoeuvres to utilize both for his own advantage. The captain of a team must be a man with a big heart, who is cheerful in reverses and cool in success- -a man in whom the team has every confidence as he among them who is the most reliable under any circumstances. CHARGING AT FOOTBALL. Incidentally I have referred to charging in describing the duties of the several players of a team, and here I may be permitted to revert to the subject, which is one of vital impor- tance. The recklessness with which charg- ing has been engaged in by many clubs, has thrown a measure of discredit on the game, though fortunately its' many other attrac- tions have still preserved for it almost inesti- mable favour with the public. It is a duty and it ought to be a pleasure to all players to remove even the appearance of evil from the Association game, and to do all in their power to make it forever as it has been in the past, an amusement as much to the gentle spectator as to the robust player. The game in Scotland owes no inconsiderable degr€9 of its popularity to the presence of the fair ■ex on the field and when they are repelled by violent play then will the first step m the decadence of the game be taken. Even strong men do not enjoy ferocity and I fail to see what satisfaction any one can have in injaring a fellow player. Still it haa been done, and I am «arry to say the evil practice has been on the increase in the Old Country. Canadian players may say it ia time enough to lecture us upon a vice when it manifests itself in our play. Very true ; and I reply that if needless charging have not been particutary noticeable on Cana- dian fields it has not been unobserved ; and, what is more to the point, there are mani- festations of its being on the increase. I would call on one and t^U to nip this vice of play in the bud. If we do nut legislate upon it let us visit its detection with strong deprecatioa. Let it be our determmation in this as in other things to improve upon the Old Country idea. Let us earn the dis- tinction, if we can, of elevatini^ to greater excellence, than they, the. beauties of the game, and of reducing to a lower minimum, the abuse of its less com- mendable features. So stroagly do I feel about the evil of indiscriminate charging that underneath I reproduce an article from the ' Scottish Annual. ' A careful perusal, nay a re>perusal of this I commend to all ; and I indulge the hope that the day will be long distant when any Canadian will have to write in a similar strain concerning the game in the Dominion. A few remarks on a subject which has long been uppermost in the minds of the lovers of Football may not be considered out of place. For some time past there has been a feeling of disappoiotmeut among the constant supporters of the dribbling game regarding the increased prevalence of heavy charging in Association Football matches. One of the chief objects in starting the Asso- ciation rules was to avoid the roughness connected with the Rugby code, under which so many serious casualities have oc- cured, and to make the play more a skilful ' working' of the ball rather than an exhibi- tion of brute force. That this has been at- tained in a remarkable degree cannot be questioned ; the clever dribbling, the neat passinff and crossing — almost mechanical in its degree accuracy — and the ' screw' shots at goal either with the right or left foot, exhibited by the high-class clubs of Scot- land, giving pleasure and delight to many thousands of spnctotors. Reports from all quarters, however, abundantly testify that there is serious ground for complaint, and in face of several recent exhibitions before the eyes of the committee, it becomes a matter for consideration whether the Association should not take the matter in hand And remedy the evil, by either devising a pentilty 16 FOOTBALL. li il for the offence, or depriving the offending club of its beuetit of membership. There is no intention to condemn what may be described as a 'ieaitimate charge' — namely, that scientific jerk of the shoulder which removes a player oflF the balL Indeed, when well execut<>d, this is one of the neat- est points of the game, but the art is rarely shown except by a few well-known players. Neither is it desirable that the play should degenerate into a type only tit to be ex- hibited in a drawing room. The muscular energies.the pluck.and the exuberant spirits of thu youth of this country will find vent somehow, and in nearly every kind of sport there is, more or less, an element of danger, but it becomes the duty of every keen foot- baller to reduce the possibility of accident to a minimum. The objectioual feature is the rushing fuUtilt at an opponei:t — not for the purpose of obtaining possession of the leather, but simply to place liim hors-de combat, and, if anyone may judge from vicious looks, to 'knock him out of time.' In the process of * tackling' there is not the slightest occasion for players to convert themselves into battering rams, or, when they are likely to be defeated, to hurl them- selves with irresistible force, like a pack of steam engines broke loose, again the enemy, whether the ball is in the immediate prox- imity or not. Now, when a player adopts these tactics, he not only damages his opponent, but causes a great loss of energy to himself, besides running the risk of getting hurt. Instances have occurred where a player deliberately forced his knee into the stomach of an adversary. Pushing behind with the hands is also common. Re- farding the latter practice, it must iu justice e said that it often occurs in the heat of the moment, the player having really no inteu- •.ion of breaking the rules, which provide iu this particular case the penalty of a free kick; but jumping upon the back of an opponent, which of late has crept mto the game, is a proceedingstrongly to be condemned. (Should tliese practices be continued, the result will be that clubs known to indulge in them will find a difficulty iu arranging matches be- cause others, having once received a severe custi^atiou at their hands, are not likely to run the risk o* aiding in a second exhibition of gymnastics. Players of this class should dis- card Football altouether, and take a few lessons on the vaulting horse and parallel bars, or perhaps the public gymnasium would be the better place to display their acuity. That charging — brutal charging — tends to biiug our popular winter pastime into disre- {)Ute cannot be denied ; and, besides th^ alling'oii in the attendance of the general ' public, which must i^evital?ly follow, a ques tion of more serious import arises. Acci- dents have been greatly on the increase, and in not a few instances players have been pre- vented from following thoir usual occupation for weeks — nay, months — and to totally abandon the sport. Several cases occurred wherein life itself has been sacrificed, and this is a matter not lightly to be passed over. Is it, therefore, too much to ask that the ex- ecutive of the various clubs will do all in their power to mitigate the evil, and by discourag- ing — nay, absolutely forbidding— the prac- tice, still further promote t!ie popularity of our winter game, a game in which thousands of the public of Scotland take pleasure ? For the successful working of an Association the fewer and more simple the rules the better, and it would be highly creditable to the clubs if they would remove the stigma of their own free will, rather than wait till special laws are laid down to meet the case. 1 he following is a leader from the Daily Telei/raph on the unfortunate death of Her- bert Dockerty, of the Ashby Club, for which J. Bradshaw of the Oolville" Club, was tried for manslaughter : — ' Lord Justice Bramwell had befoie him at Leicester on Tuesday a case in which he laid down the law in a manner that will be emi- nently gratifying to all lovers of our manly English sports and pastimef The jury were called upon to determine v icther the prison- er was or was not guilty of manslaughter under the following circumstances : On the 27 th of February last a football match took place at Ashby-de-la-Zouch between the football olubs of Ashby and Colville, and the deceased, Herbert Dockerty, was playing for the Ashby Club, and the prisoner, Bradshaw, for the Colville Club. In the course oi the game, whic'u was conducted according to the regulations known as the Association lules, Dockerty got the ball into his possession, and began to " dribble " it down towards thfe Colville gaol. " Dribbling " a football is in its way a highly scientific process. The player keeps the ball as^nearly as may be be- tween his feet ; he pushes it along by short kicks, and he trusts to his superior strength, weight, agility and skill to carry the ball through the ranks of his antagonists. When a big man thus dribbles a ball the recognized rule of the game is that a bigger man should " charge " him, or, in other wonis, boldly rush at him and knock him over, and accord- ingly Bradshaw either was told by his cap- tain, or took it upon himself to charge Dock- erty. Dockerty, not caring to meet the charge, stopped dribbling, and gave the ball a kick. The moment he kickeil, Bradshaw jumped at him. Both players were going at a ques Acci- ase, and een pre- supatioD totally )ccurred ed, and led over. t the ex- 1 iu their scourag* le prac- larity of louaands tleasure ? isociation ulti8 the dtable to stigma wait till the case, he Daily I of Her- for which was tried tie him at }h he laid II be emi- •ur manly jury were be prison- islaughter : Ou the itch took ween the 6, and the )laying for Bradshaw, irse oi the ling to the ion rules, !8sion, and ivards the bl)all is in ess. The nay be be- by short r strength, ' the ball its. When recognized lan should lis, boldly uid accord- y his cajp- arge Dock- meet the ire the ball Bradshaw re going at FOOTBALL. 1 considerable speed at the time of the colli- sion ; they met at an angle ; both rolled over and Bradshaw at once got up unhurt. Dockerty rose with difficulty, and was led from the ground ; and be died next day in terrible agony, the cause of his death being, beyond all question, severe internal injury caused by the violence of the charge. Wit- nesses were called from each of the clubs, and their evidence, as might have been ex- pected, was contradictory. Those who were most unfavourable to the prisoner alleged that Bradshaw ^as e£f his side, and that the charge was consequently contrary to the mles of the game, and altogether unfair. The rule of offside in football, technical as the term may sound, is yet sufficiently simple. No player may kick the ball unless it is on its way to him. The player must, in other words, to make a fair kick, be between his own gaol and the bail. Now, on behalf of the Ashby Club, it was urged that Bradshaw when he made the charge was between the Ashby gaol and the ball. This, however, was directly denied by witnesses from th^ Colville team, and one of the umpires, Mr. Turner, deposed that, iu his opinion, nothing unfair had been done. ' In a brief but most able summing up, Lord Justice Bramwell put the matter be- fore the inry in a manner that left little room for hesitation. There was no doubt, his Lordship said, that the prisoner's act had caused the death of the deceased. The simple question was whether the act itself was unlawful or not. No rules or practice of any game whatever can make that lawful which is contrary to the law of the land, and that law is, that no man shall do anything which is likely to cause the death of an- other. Prize-fighting, when it has a fatal result, cannot have pleaded in its behalf that the combatants acted in accordance with the recognised rules of the ring ; and consequent- ly there is a certain sense in which it may be urged that the rules of football were im- material to the issue which the jury had to try. Ofv the other hand, if the game be a recognised pastime, and one peaceful and harmless in itself, and if a man be playing according to the laws of the game and not p[oing beyond them, it is only reasonable to infer that he is not acting with an intention to hurt or in a manner which he knows will be likely to be productive of death or injury. If, in other words, Bradshaw charged Dock- erty with a malicious intention really to injure or hurt him, or if again he had charged him recklessly or carelessly, not actually intending to injure him, but being altogether indifferent whether he injured him or not, he would then undoubtedly have 2 been {guilty of the offence for which be wa indicted, if not, indeed, under certain as- pects of the circumstances, of mnrder itself. Accordingly, his Lordship told the jury thnt the one question which they ittd to ask themselves was whether the prisoner, when he rushed at the deceased and knocked «him over, knew that his act must inevitably do a mischief, or knew that it would probably do a mischief, and was reckless and indiffer* ent whether such was its result or not. The game. Lord Justice Bramwell added, must be, under any circumstances, a rough one ; but he himself, spt^aking as a Judge,- was unwilling to decry the manly sports of this country, all of which must inevitably be attended with more or less danger- Guided by an exposition of the law so lucid and con< elusive, the jury, after a short deliberation, found the prisoner not guilty, on the ground we can only presume, that the whole thing was an unhappy misadventure, and that Bradshaw.although he had played violently, had not been actuated by any malice or guilty of any undue reokles'"iess. They coupled their finding, however, with a sug- sestion that, in their opinion, the laws of tootball ought to be altered, and they invit- ed the learned Judge to make some sort of recommendation to that effect. On this point we feel it only due to Lord Justice Bramwell to give what he said in his own words. 'I do not know, gentlemen,' he observed ; ' I hardly think I am the person from whom such a recommendation should come. I have never played football, and am not now likely to do so. At the same time, I must say that I think it would be as well even for young men to try to make these accidents as little likely to occur as pos- sible.' ' We cannot help thinking that Lord Justice Bramwell herein took a very proper view of his position and functions. Foot- ball is essentially a rough and violent game ; but most of ouroldnational pastimes areof this character,, Boxing — which, we are happy to believe, has survived the downfall of the prize ling, with all its concomitant brutali- ties — is not a gentle exercise. Combatants at single stick exchange shrewd blows. A ' swipe ' over the legs with a hookey-stick is apt to leave its mark for a week or two. Cricket, racquets, tennis, wrestling, hunting and foot-racing of every kind are all at- tented with more or less risk ; but we ought not, on that account, to decry them. Foot- ball is essentially the winter pastime of the Englishman, as cricket is his summer game. To made a good football player a man must be sturdy, well-knit, strong, active, good- tempered, quick, and capable of sustaining 18 FOOTBALL. severe fatigue. In a oerbain aease it is of all games the most Homeric. The chieftaias meet hand to hand, ohest to chest; and knee to knee, while the crowd looks on in admira* tion. Tli^e is no finer sight of its kind than to Me a good player carrying the ball down into the enemy's ranks, whether he runs with it under his arm, as in the Rugby game, or dribbles it, an aocording to the rules of ''the Association. Champion after champion comes out to meet him. Perhaps he rolls over his antagonist ; perhaps he is rolled ove'k himself. At all events, it is ob- vioas to any one who has watched the game for ten minutes that it cannot be played without risk of bruises and broken bones, and possibly of even more serious injuries. Are we on that account to forbid it T Sure- ly the players are best judges for themselves There are some persons who think that an Act of Parliameut should be passed prencrib- ing the manner in which football ought, or ought not to b^'played. But this would in- volve a scheme not so much of paternal as of grandmotherly legislation, altogether alien to our English habits and custnms. There is really no analogy between football and the prize ring. In a prize fight the object of each competitor is to injure the other as much as possible lu football, on the contrary, the game is played for its own sake, and such mishaps as result from it are incidental. We should doubt whether, on the whole, fliore serious accidents do not annually occur in the hunting field than upon the football ground. Mr. Bradshaw is heartily to be congratulated on his acquittal. It is a ser- ious misfortune for him that he should have had to bear the brunt of a criminal trial, and we venture to think that it is for many rea- ?tm] sons matter of regret that the coroner's jury should have brought in the verdict they found. As it is, he leaves the court without an imputation on his character, and no right- thinking person will wish he had been pun- ished by the law for having unintentionally caused a fatality which mast always give him occasion for the most poignant regret.' A LAST WORD. .t 1' J..i . wfti; III •'i v„.t .-nj./'^f .*JHl.^^l■tlfl Ihi.-j .h ;.'Mu*| "i.l 1 *,■„ . : V(i)«v »iB>f 1 1 I Mil ('v^U'i « ylluijM .!.i*-,f lUvl 'H.l -nr, :>l' , Iwit* >4«UrK! • iU,/i!(i/ Ji>i:Ti,,i'.i fitllt iV..f 7. .h'w.'iii' : f'i'yt','' ^^Mteri'..')* A.'i't'' > I't-' ^' ■ '■IHt •«(. -I'-.V 4 ti ,'<1. \(i ^' I tvi-' >'•• iiiri! . ,H .iu.jil* 7j',,.". ii; ,^1 1. :,; ■. i^iia It- It viU lu 'i!ni.t'.''.i '••! ii (V t I'J y;;«;;ii .».«,•> kM' I vd .i(ii/y I »fi'ir; .' -m ; . iitAsin> ,n, .uuvuf^iiyn 1 Ji Kin ■<•<., J, < .^ii»t| lltftiftii Ui*»;\-j| (ii>Ai,t pi' In conclusion I would commend a thought- ful consideration of ways t^d means of pro- moting the game on this continent to all who have experiencedpleasureand benefit from en- gaging in it — that is, I ask all players to do what lies in their power to bring i others into the happy circle of association football. It would be easy to trace the effect of friend- ships formed on a football field in the broader field of life, the developement which takes place of the nobler instincts of humanity and the improvement, mental and physical, which accrues to the man, for athletic exer- ^cises are great educating forces, and of their forces none is greater that football. As time is precious in getting this little annual into the hands of the public —it is the pro- duction of less than one day's writing, ill- digested but well-intended— I take leave of the subject in the hope that my own feeble effort will have the effect of stimula- ting some one competent for the task to pro- duce dissutation upon the association game that will be worthy of it and meet with a more enduring place among footbidl players ' han I can hope for this, the first Canadian attempt at an exposition of a grand past- time, i' '•" >it>::>. mm i>i« ~'»-nj ,a( 'rm tsu-t )ij*i«»:» ts' wu :'•> .i /( tiJtl si dt>^iih Tav v^a'-n ■*"'"' ' ' "* ^'*'""»''? ' ''•i'* '<''t"«J'a ,Ji^« >« •.r.iii •- d-i'.n 111 ; 'iju« jji*J-. 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