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 SSATci'^'^t^%^ 
 
 THE SERVICES OF THE LATE 
 
 tPiPihm kmmn iuuER 
 
 OF TlJli: 
 
 JiAXflALOUK : 
 PRi:NTEr) AT THE l{EGTMli;>sTAL PKESS 
 2nd battaliox IOtii kkgimknt. 
 
 ISGa. • 
 
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 In Octoler 1 804 — teing tlien not quite fifteen years of age — I was 
 appointed to a Ensigncy in tlie Eoyal Newfoundland Eegiment, com- 
 manded by Lieutenant-Colonel Tlie Honourable W. T. Molesworth ; and 
 in July 1806, 1 succeeded to a Lieutenantcy. 
 
 I had served between seven and eight years with my Regiment in our 
 North American provinces, when the government of the United States, 
 in June 1812, declared war against Great Britain. At that period our 
 troops in Upper Canada scarcely amounted to a thousand men ; and we 
 had a frontier of almost as many miles to guard. I was present, with 
 a detachment of my Regiment, at the firing of the first sh<«t against our 
 new enemy. Having afterwards been detached to the Western frontier 
 of the province, upon its invasion by the American Force of upwards of 
 three thousand men, I shared in the operations and services consequent 
 thereon, and in which our troops at no time exceeded three hundred of 
 the Forty-first and Royal Newfoundland Regiments, with about six 
 hundred of the Upper Canadian Militia, and five hundred Indians, under 
 their celebrated chief Tecumtlie. I vms present, also, at the final de- 
 feat and surrender of the invading force, as well as at the capture of the 
 enemy's Fort, with thirty-three pieces of ordnance, at Detroit, on the 
 16th of August 1812, as reported in a despatch of which the following 
 is a copy. '-' ' ' ;■'••'.' '.■■■ ^j '-■ •. ^''^ > i., ■•• 
 

 9 
 
 From the Conmander of tte Porctn. Lientcnant-Gcncral Sir Ocorge 
 PrcTOBt, to the Eight Honouroble Ejirl BathurBt, dated Head Qxiartere, 
 Montreal, let September 1812. 
 
 " Since I had the honor of tranemitting to yotir Lordship my letters 
 Nob. 5 and 6, in charge of my Aido-dc-Comp, Captain Coore, I have received 
 from Major-General Brock a def patch, of -vrhich the enclosed is a copy, 
 containing the particnlars of Brigadier-General Hnll's invasion of Upper 
 Canada, ■which has teiminatcd most glciitrf^ly to His Majesty'B nims in 
 that officer's defeat and surrender, as a prisoner of Tvar, with the whole of 
 the North Western aimy, tcgellier vith the Fort of Detroit, and thirty, 
 three pieces of ordnnrce. I fciwnrd this dcf patch express, in the expec- 
 tation of its reaching Captain Coore, previous to his leaving Canada, which, 
 with the colours of the Fort, andlhote of the 4th United States Regiment, 
 I trnet that Officer will have the honcr of delivering to your Lordship." 
 
 I have received a ir.tilal cr.d claf^p for Detroit. Upon the dispersion 
 of tlie enemy's force in the west, the services of a portion of our troops 
 were transferred to the vicinity of Ljil<e Ontario; in wliich quarter it was 
 supposed that tlie next attack would he nude. I proceeded with the 
 troops upon that occasic n, and, during the remainder of the autumn of 
 2812, was employed in command of a detachment, at. times in an armetl 
 vesfeel acting against the enemy, and at other times in a gun-boat, as- 
 sisting to protect an exposed liiie of settlements near the lake- shore- 
 While employed upon tlie.se services, we had been twice under fire : 
 besides encountering nosm.all rish, in the violent storms, which iictjuently 
 swept over the lahe, especially during the month of November. v h '^. 
 . Early in !Decen:ber 1812, upcn the foinaticn d winter-icrds, I was 
 sent (with otliers) a distance of more tlirn two hundred miles to the 
 Niagara frontier ; and, during the ensuing five months, served with the 
 flank-companies of my Eegim.ent upon the duty of guarding one of the 
 weakest points upon our side of the river Niagara : upon the opposite bank 
 of which the Americans were in strong force. For upwards of three 
 months of the "winter, we were posted in old, dilapidated faim-buildings, 
 near the river-side, and within eight hundred yards of two heavy batteries 
 pf the enemy : from which, however, ve experienced but little actual an*- 
 
A«! 
 
 noyancc until towanln tlio sjniiig : wlicn tlicir fire liavinpf rendered our 
 <iuarters untenable, we were ordered into lints, scarcely lialf-finislietl, in 
 an adjacent ravine. 
 
 The Americans liavinp, on the 20tli May, received reinforcements in 
 boats from the west, it was then expected that a descent upon our shore 
 would be attempted : in which event, our orders were, to meet the enemy 
 at the water's edge, while troops fom other parts of the line would 
 hasten to our support. We passed the nights of tlie 20th and 21st May, 
 under arms, in our old stand, on the bank of the river ; but, instead of 
 crossing to our shore, the Americans, at day-break on the 22nd, having 
 embarked a large f(>rco in boats, dropped silently down the stream. We 
 waited anxiously for orders : ujion the receipt of which, in the evening of 
 the 2r)tli May, we marched (in heavy rain) nearly the whole of that night 
 and part of the next day — a distance of about twenty-eight miles — and, 
 on the following morning, the 27tli, shared in the cwtion near Fort George, 
 in which, not quite a tliousand men of different corps, under the com- 
 mand of Brigadier-General Vincent, were opposed to an American force 
 of fully ten thousand men, sujiportcd by a fleet of ai-mcd vessels carrying 
 upwards of eighty guns. . , • • < 
 
 Of the conduct of the troops engaged upon that occasion. The Com- 
 mander of the Forces was pleased to record his aj^proval in a General 
 Order, of which the following is a copy. . 
 
 General Ortlci". , < . 
 
 .i'j'- 
 
 Head <^narters, Kingston. ■ 
 3rd June 181.S. 
 
 The Commander of the Forces haa received from Brigadier- General 
 Vincent a report, announcing tliat the enemy having cannonaded from his 
 batteries and ships, the whole of the 24th and 25th of May, the troops and 
 works at Fort George, and very materially destroyed and injured the de- 
 fences of that post, on the 27th, at day -break, made a general attack upon 
 that position, and under cover of their fleet, which kept up a tremendous 
 and most destructive fire, effected the landing of a body of troops, tenfold 
 
RS mimei ous ns the dotacbiiieut uUottcil for tlio tloftjiico of that, portiou of 
 the Niiigava frontier. Regardless of thoimiuoTiso Buporiority of the onomy, 
 hi8 advance wna gftllantly and obstinately disputed : a judicious position 
 was occupied hy Lieutenant-Colonel Myors, and when that zealous and 
 meritorious odlcor was obliged to quit the field, having received throe 
 wounds, In was ably replaced by Lioutenant-Colouol Harvey, and the un- 
 equal contest continued with uuHhakcn gallantry and determination. 
 
 Brigadier-General Vincent, considering further ])er80verancc against au 
 overwhelming force, a fniitlcss sacrifice of invaluable lives, having gained 
 by their intrepid resiHtnnce the means of dismantling the fort, and destroy- 
 ing the stores, he directed the troops to fall back on Queenston, which waa 
 done with perfect order. 
 
 Brigadier-General Yincont reports that thoraovementa wore ably cover- 
 ed by the companies of tho Glengarry Light Infantry, strengthened by a 
 detachment of tho lUiyal "Xewfoundland Fonciblois, and Militia, and those 
 tioopswere gallantly sustained l)y iv divifiion of the 8th (or King's) Regi- 
 ment, commanded by Major Ogilvie. 
 
 Hy ]Tid Excellency's command 
 
 (Signed) Edward Baynes 
 
 Ailjutant General. 
 
 Our troop?, when ordered to retire, had su.stained a severe loss, but, 
 in the course of the ne.xt day, Ave received reinforcements, which raised 
 our strengtli to about one thousand three hundred men. We reached Bur- 
 hngton Heights on the .30th May, and on the 1st June, it became known 
 that the Americans wore advancing from Niagara in three bodies — their 
 main division of three thousand five hundred men, by ihe centre road — 
 a corps of one thousand five hundred riflemen by the mountain on our 
 right — and a considerable force in boats by the lake on our left. In tlie 
 evening of the oth of June, the mam division of the enemy encamped 
 within seven miles of our position : and, upon the following morning, short- 
 ly before daylight, our troops attacked them in their camp. The aflFair 
 occupied little more than half an hour, and was attended with complete 
 &uccess. The Americans abandoned their ground, and in the utmost 
 
 ii 
 
ct>iiriisliin, flcil to a v(.f<l nt a .««li()tt tlifetaiuT licjin tliotaneof action. 
 Four pieces of cannon, witli tlieir ttunbrils, horses, &,(■ wore taken, and, 
 amongst the prisoners, were two American generals. Our troops stood 
 prepared, in case the enciiiy should again advance : l»ut, ere two hours 
 had elapsed, their entire force had commenced a rapid retreat, after burn- 
 ing and destroying a rjuantity of baggage and provi:4ions, carriages, 
 blankets, arms, &c. 
 
 In the afternoon of the same day, I was ordered to proceed, in com- 
 mand of an escort, for the purpose of conducting American officers — 
 prisoners af war — to Kingston. We were embarked in batteaux, and 
 had to row two hundred miles round Lake ()ntarii>, while the enemy's 
 vessels were continually cruising thereon. 
 
 At this time, Commodore SirJanu's Veo, who had recently assiuued 
 command of our vessels upon the lake, was on the point of sailing from 
 Kingston, with two s]iip>, two l)rig.s, and two sclwK^ners, intending to offer 
 battle to the American llect, of two .ships, a brig ind eleven schooners ; 
 the armament of which w v knov.:i to consist of one hundred and seven- 
 teen guns, chiefly long twouty-four and thirty-two pounders. Our vessels 
 carried ninety-seven guns, ne;irly all of whicli wore carronades, thirty-two 
 twenty-four and e'gViteen pounder <. 8eamen for our >-quadr(.)n had been 
 sent from England, and, in place of marines, the Commodore was permit- 
 ted to embark si.\ subaltern ollkers and two humlrod men from the 
 troops. 
 
 I was the senior of the military officers appointed to the squadron, in 
 which we continued to serve upwards of Ibiu* months. In that time 
 nothing of a ileciaive nature occurred between the two lleets : sometimes, 
 in light and i'avourable winds, being enabled to choose a distance suited to 
 their long guu;;, the Americans enilcavourcd to cripple our vessels, but, 
 on the other hand, whenever th.e v.ind favoured our Commodore's inten- 
 tion of closing with h's antagonist Conmiodorc Chauucey, the Ameri- 
 can vessels hastened to gain a harboiu*. Our squadron chased them 
 lepeatcdly, for hours together : but it was not thought advisable, after 
 
ilark, to follow tlioin in bhore. We, hovovcr, en used them a loss of two 
 line vci^SL'ls, earryin}? nine puns eaoli, wliich uj)sot in a. heavy gale at 
 nijilit, whon tlioir whole fleet was fiyiuj; hcl'ore our sciuaJron : ami upon 
 anotV.cr occv.'iion, also at iii;j,lit, we overtook the rear of their fleet, and 
 cnptiircd two heav'ly-aniicd schooners. After the: c losses, the Americans 
 Ijocar.'.c more than ever cautious ; and, upon theiv ecasiii'r to appear upon 
 the lake, o!ir Kqmulron iM-occcdi'.l to am vey supplies to the centre division 
 oftl'.c army, rcturninj; i inn ed lately allerwarils to Kin;j;ston, for the pur- 
 pose of watehinj; the niovcn;cuts of the enemy in the vicinity of that 
 plaro. 
 
 At this juicturc, the A:r,crlrnnr., having asscir.blcd a body of troops, 
 stated at twelve thousand ukii, upon the eastern .shore of Lake Ontario, 
 it was JMippused to he th.cir intention to make an attack uj)on Kiiif^ston ; 
 Lut, on the 1st No<cmhcr, information havinpf l;een received of their 
 havinc connr.enccl to do3Cci:dthe St. Lawrence in all sorts of river-craft 
 for tl e purpi.so orattr/'kirg r^:or!treal, in Tjowcr Can:;da; a division of 
 ff\in-loat9, n-.aniicd fn>jn the h(;nadnm — [lartly by its actina; marines, 
 with whom I proceeded — under the coi^juaud of Cr.ptain Mulcjihter, of 
 the Eoy;d Kavy, li:'.--tcncd in pursuit of the enemy, overtook them on 
 the followinj^ day, the 2i'.d of Novcndicr, at a place whore ihcy appeared 
 to have stopped i'.ir cookin^^ purposes, cannonaded them for several 
 hours, and, ace:):rpnnyl:i:^ thorn down the rlv>.r, continued to harrass 
 them to such adcrxvee, iiiat — us acknowledi;cd in An';Crican newir.papers 
 — their troops, Iccumiiig disjourrijed, deserted the expedition by hun- 
 dreds. And, uprn the 1 lih of the Gume month, when the enemy, with 
 from four to live taousrmd men, ventured to land upon our shore, they 
 \7CTe met nnd si^rjially deieutcd at " Chryttler's Farm," by a coips of 
 eight hundred British troops, comnunded by Lieutenant-Colonel JMor- 
 rison of t'.-e 80th PiCgiir-cnt, aided and supported by the flotilla of gun- 
 boats under Captain Mulcotter. For thisaihiir, of which the result was 
 an entire break up and dispersion of the Ameiican invading expedition, 
 
 .11 
 
 i 
 : I 
 
'/ 
 
 tlic approbation of Hid Royal ITi{;lnitn8 tlio Prince Regent waa directed 
 to be convoyed to tlio ollkers Kcanicn and Boldicrs engaged upon this 
 occasion. I have received a clasp for tliis action. 
 
 After tlio cloic ortliecanijjaign of lb 13, our vessels, Inving teen laid 
 up for the winter, antl it lieiiij^ coiisiilorcd esHcntiul to their security that 
 n military guard shouM he posted in the niivr.l arsenal at Point Fredcridc, 
 I received a mnrk oi' the coniidjuco of Loth Sir Janicii Yco and Mnjor- 
 General Vincent, in heirji: appointed to command the det?chniont ordered 
 for that particular fcrviee, and which coutiistcd of one hundred and fifty 
 men ^ith nix oflicers. 
 
 I wxi, at that time, the senior service lieutenant of my Uc,';imcnt, and 
 upon many occasions durinjij the war, had commanded a company in tho 
 ahscnee of its cajjtain. Tho Re<.;imcnt, liowcvcr, fron los-'^es incurred 
 in tho campaign of 1S12 and 1813, haviiij^ hccomc reduced to less than 
 two hundied circetivo men, lut little crpcctatiun could Ic entertained of 
 my promotion tnUivr pla:-o in it ; and, as several lieutenants from other 
 regiments, many year- junior to me, had received promotion on condi- 
 tion of raising mca for the New Bruuswielv FcmiLko — a new corps then 
 in tho course of formation — I war^ induced to address a memorial to the 
 Commander of the Forces, soliching the grant of a similar favour; and, 
 as I still continued to so:\ ■ under the orders of Commodore Sir James 
 Yco, that officer was pleased to forward my application, with a te;>timouial 
 of wUich tho following is a copy. 
 
 Kingfiton, lat January 1814. 
 
 I have received Iho cnclospcl from Lieutenant Bulger, who ban evinced 
 a zeal higblj' crcdilablo to biniscif and beneficial to the good tiiricipliuo of 
 bis men ; ami as be in tlic crly ofiicer of tbo corps embaikcd.wbo baa made 
 birasclf conspicuous, I feel ibo greater pleasure in complying with hia 
 wishes in forwarding bis memorial to your Excellency. 
 
 (Signed) James Lucas Yco 
 Commodoro and Commandor-m-Cbief. 
 
 Hia Exeollenry Sir Gcorgo Provost, Barfc. 
 
I 
 
 K 
 
 .ft 
 
 The reply of tlic Coimnandcr of tl c Forccf. vns as follous. 
 
 Head Quarters, Quebec 
 7tli Jamuiry ]8] !•. 
 
 1 sliall contiidcr favourably tlic claims of Lieutenant Tjulgor, of tlio 
 Eoyal Nc^vfoun(llal^(l Fcneiblcy, to promotion, suppoi ted 1 s your recom- 
 mendation of tbat officer, -wbenevernn opportunity offerw. The comjianies 
 in the New Brnns-\vick Feiiciblcs are filled. Promotion in his corps may 
 be CNpected, and, us one f the fenior i^cvviec licntenantp, he will not bo 
 passed o^■cr. 
 
 (Signed) George Prevost 
 
 ('onimaiulcr ol^ tlic loiccs. 
 
 Connnodore .Sir •hiine?- T.ueas Yeo. 
 &c. Ac. Ac, 
 
 Towards tlic end uf January 1814, an exjicdition was ordered to be 
 despatclied from Kingston, by a new route, of nearly six hundred miles, 
 to the relief of JMichiliniackinac, then our only holdontlie western lahes, 
 and iip(in which an r.ttack was oqiccted to be made early in the ensuing 
 .'•n'ring. The iLi;e\ing force c(/ns;£tcd of ten officers and two hundred 
 picked )nen, exclu.sive (;f twenty r.rtil!cry-men, with a lieutenant and 
 twenty seaii:cn of the lloyai K;;vy. The Commands of the Forces had 
 selected Tiieutenant-Coloiicl M'Douall, of the Glengarry Light Infantry 
 (previously of the 8th or King's Ecginient) to command the expedition, 
 and I was ;rii cinltd to serve thoieon as adjutant to that officer. 
 
 .\. small pr.ity of workmen, including 1 oat-luilders, having been sent 
 in advance, we comn,ci;ced our route in the Icginn.ing of February, in 
 severe wintry weather, proceeded two hundred ard Ir'ty n/ilcs into a Avil- 
 derness ; erected huts m a grove of pine ; a^sislcd in opening a ifiUu ihn.ugii 
 the woods for thecoTiveyance ofcupplies; ar.d, with tiuiLer cut down and 
 j)rcparcd upon the S|;ot, aided in tlie construction of twenty-nine largo 
 boiUt;: ml ;ukedon the 22nd of April, L."\:):g prcviouiily hiadcd the iio- 
 tilla with •,l•o^i!,io^s and stttros ; dcr-' i^ded the XotiKwafiaga Eivcr — 
 i| n V i;-.il (.rwkiil, ! f'lg ■ti]' frni, vv open« d a channel 
 
 tfe ice 
 
 ■1:0 1 
 

 
 lli.i'iiiigli it — c'maiu|Hilon tLc iilglit ol' the 24tli of A[):il, in a most ilismal 
 spot, iip'Mi the lioi'Lli-eastoni slioro of Lake Huron; ami, on the following 
 niorniiig, (.'iitered upon the attempt to cross tlmt lake, covered, as it was, 
 as far as the eye conl<l roach, by fields of ice : throi;;-h whicli, in almost 
 constant and at times terrific storms, we succeeded, with the loss of only 
 cue boat, in efiecting a passage a distance of nearly three hundred miles, 
 arriving at Micliilimackinac on the 18th of May. 
 
 The expedition had occupied upwards of one Imndred days, including 
 our passage over the lake; in respect to which, it may be permitted to 
 refer to the followinir extract of a communication from the Commander 
 of the Forces. «latcd lOth July 1814, addressed to His Majesty's Secre- 
 tary of State. 
 
 "The difiicultirs cxpeiiencod iji conducting open and deeply ladcu bat- 
 teaux acrops so ^rciii an extent of v.-ater as Lake Huron, covered by im- 
 mense fields of u-o iuul agitated by > iulcufc gales of wind, could only have 
 been surnu)unto<l liy the zr/al. pcrsovcrance aiul abilities of the officer 
 commanding this expedition. For iiiiietuen days it was nearly one contin- 
 ued struggle Willi the elomcTity. during which time, the dangers, hardships 
 and privations to which the men were exposed, were sufficient to discourage 
 the boldest aniongHi: them, and :it times threatened the total destruction 
 of the flotilla." 
 
 The Fort of Michilimacki.uic stood upon an island, in circumference 
 scarcely exceeding nine miles, and containing no settled inhabitants, with 
 tlie exception of a few Canadian.^ engaged in the fur trade. Its impor- 
 tance however, as a njilitary po-^session, during the war, will appear from 
 the following extract of a rej^irt from Sir George Prevost to Earl Bath- 
 unst, dated 10th July 1814. 
 
 "I deem it my duty to slnto. tor yiur lioi'dship's consideration, that the 
 Island and Fort of Michiliinackiuac is of the first imporinnce. as tending 
 to promote our Indian connexion and secure them in oiir interest; its 
 geographical ])ositiou is iidmii'ahle ; its influence extends and is felt a- 
 mongstthc Indian tiil>of: to New Orleans and the Pacific Ocean ; vast tracts 
 of coniitiT look to it l\i<- ])votection and sujiplies; and it gives security to 
 
«M 
 
 10 
 
 the groat trading oslalilisbmciits of Iho North-wotitimd ITiulson's Bay Com- 
 panies, by snp])oi'ting the Indians on the Mississippi, the only barrier 
 which interpopoa between them and the enemy." 
 
 With the command at Micliilimackinac, Lieutenant-Colonel M'Douall 
 liad been invested witli authority throughout the Indian countr}' ; and, 
 (having received the appointment of Fort Adjutant) I continued to assist 
 the Lieutenant-Colonel in his various duties, including such as related 
 to the management of the native tribes. 
 
 The garrison, after our arrival, worlced hard in strengthening the de- 
 fences of the Fort ; and, as the enemy might arrive in the night, the 
 ordinary guards were augmented at sun-down, to one third of the garrison, 
 in addition to pai-tios of Indians, who were stationed on the look-out, at 
 various points. "We had been joined by upwards of four hundred war- 
 riors, of different tribes, souie of whom had come from a remote distance 
 beyond the lakes. On the Sth of June a grand war-council was held 
 in the open air : the Indians, from six to eight deep, were seated on tlie 
 ground upon three sides of a sqiarc ; while the Hca<l Chiefs, one after the 
 other, standing in front of their respective bands, delivered speeches of* 
 liiglily satisfictory iiiituro, and to which. Lieutenant- Colonel M'Douall 
 replied, in an address, of which tlio concluding part was in the following 
 words. 
 
 ■ " My Children, 
 
 ' "Jam delijjhted with wluit your great Chief, the 
 ' Red Head ' has told nic, that in your Avars with the ' Big Knives,' 
 you have been ecjually distinguished by your bravery in the field and by 
 your mercy to the vanrjuished. — that in no one instance have their help- 
 less women and children siistiiined an injury. Let me exhort you to a 
 continuance of this praisowoitliy conduct, which is the more meritoriotis 
 on your part, considering tli<' provocation the enemy have given you. 
 
 ,., , "MvChihhvn. 
 
 " TTa])])y are those warriors who rush into the 
 tight and liiivc justice on tlieir side. You go forth to combat for tho 
 
u 
 
 toirils of vuur forefathers and for those lands whieh oiidit now to aflford 
 shelter and sustenance to your •wives and to your children. May the 
 Great Spirit give you strength andcounge in so good a cause and crown 
 you with victory in the day of battle." 
 
 We had failed in obtaining any tidings of the Americans until early 
 in the month of Juno ; and were then informed that they had been on 
 the point of sailing from Detroit, upon their intended expedition against 
 Michilimadcinac, but, in consequence of intelligence of our arrival on the 
 island, they had ])ostponGd their departure, fiir the purpose of obtaining 
 an additional force. This inforination was not Ruweloome ; inasmuch as 
 some little time was required to finish a blocLIiouae, wliich had been 
 commenced upon an important point. 
 
 At length, on the 28th of July, our long-expected visitors made their 
 appearance, with six vessels of war, each having a gun-boat in tow. At 
 this period, fur seven succervsive nights, as well as during the day, tho 
 garrison was held in constant readiness for action. 
 
 The enemy's liutilhi, after hovering round the island until the 4th of 
 August, on the morning of that day, anchored vvitluii a ftW yards of the 
 shore, on the north side ol the inland, and, after sweeping the landing 
 place by a heavy lire, disembarked a force amoxmting to upwards of a 
 thtmsand men with six guns. 
 
 It was not considered advisable to attempt to oppose the landing of 
 the enemy : but, leaving a portion of the garristm in the Fort, Lieute- 
 nant-Colonel M'Douall, witli the remainder of his force (to which I was 
 attached), proceeded to occupy a position, at a covenient distance from tho 
 place of lauding, intending to engage the enemy's troops when they should 
 have advanced beyond the support of their fleet. Our force consisted of 
 one hundred i\m\ seventy men, besides artillery, with two guns and three 
 hundred Indian warriors. 
 
 Shortly after landing, the enemy's troops, preceded by their guns, having 
 passed through a strip of wood, advancpJ directly towirds us ; and before 
 many minutes had elapse<l, the fire of their artillery w.vs concentrated 
 
aMkHH 
 
 12 
 
 \jpon our |-ositiort. We occupied comniandiiig ground ; and, in front, were, 
 in some degree, covered by a natural I rca.st^vorlc. At first, the llreof 
 our guns was reserved ; but, a few rounds, in the nick of time, sufRcedto 
 cause a hasty retreat of the Amcriciins to the wood, through which they 
 had previously passed ; and, after nearly half an hour's tiring, thoir ar- 
 tillery, also, drew oiF. 
 
 The eneniy, then, having changed their ground, attGin[)tcd to pass 
 through a part of the wood, which extended beyond our left. This 
 movement necessitated a change in the disjvvsition of our force : but, the 
 Americans had not proceeded far into the wood, when they were attacked, 
 both in front and on their right, by a band of our Monomonie and other 
 Indians. These waviiors were, in a great measure, hidden by the trees, 
 but " the war-wlioop " — their battle cry — resounded through the wood : 
 and, at an opportune moment — v*'hcn the^Klvance of the enemy had been 
 arrested — Lieutenant-Colonel M'Douall, with a part of his remaining 
 force, including a fresh body of Indians, made a rapid movement against 
 the enemy's left, the effect of which was both instantaneous and decisive. 
 Apprehending (as they afterwards acknowledged) that they were about 
 to be surrounded) the American troops fell back in complete disorder, 
 leaving their killed (including their second in command) as also many 
 of their wounded, on the field — and, upon being closely pressed, contin- 
 ued to retreat to their shipping, under the guns of which, they lost no 
 time in re-embarking. 
 
 The Commander of the Forces, in a report to the Secretary of State, 
 dated Montreal, 20th Scpteniber 1814, was pleased to notice the success- 
 ful deience of our posts in the following terms. 
 
 Extract. 
 
 " I have the honor to tranpniit to yo'ir Lm-d^hip, a copy 
 of a letter I have received from Lieutenant- Coloiiel M'Douall, by which it 
 appears that the attack upon hi s post, which in my despatch No. 180, of 
 the 14th of August, I mentioned as having taken place on thc2ith or 25th 
 of July, w-as not made bj' the enemy until the Uh of An^'-t, and termin- 
 
 I. 
 
18 
 
 ated in tho maimer vLich Lieutenant-Colonel M'Doimll lind confidently 
 anticipated. The gallantry, skill and conduct, manifested by Lieutenant- 
 Colonel M'Douall and his small garrison in defendinjo; his post against such 
 superior numbers, will not, I am certain, escape your Lordship's observa- 
 tion, or fail to procure for that officer the approbation of His Royal High- 
 ness, the Prince Regent." _ 
 
 The day after tlio failure of the enemy's attacV, three of the largest of 
 their vessels procoeded down tlie lake, while the otlier three continued to 
 blockade the island. At that time, our stoves contained not more than 
 between two or three weeks' provisions for the troops ; and there appeared 
 but too much reason to fear that our expected supplies from Canada, 
 would be intercepted. In this state of things, it was determined to di- 
 minish the ration of all classes in tho garrison, as also to discontinue the 
 issue of provisions to the Indians, who, in consequence, had no alterna- 
 tive but to retire to their homes. Some of the chief men had earnestly 
 djsired to remain with us; and it having been decided to accede to their 
 wishes, the few horses that happened to be on tho island, were killed and 
 salted for their support. The rest of the bandit departed, in a sorrowful 
 mood, and all engaged to return whenever required. 
 
 As time passed on, our situation became a most anxious one ; and, at 
 length, towards the end of the month, wo saw ourselves on the verge of 
 starvation. On the 30th of August, two of the blockading vessels— war 
 schooners of the American Navy — were reported to have anchored in the 
 boat channel — one in the lower, and the other in the upper passage, near 
 the island of Saint Joseph's ; and, their exact position having, under 
 cover of the night, been ascertained by Lieutenant Worsley of the Royal 
 Navv, upon the report of tliat ofiicer, it was resolved to attempt their 
 capture. Accordingly, in the afternoon <•! the let of September — in the 
 short space of an hour— four boats were equipped and manned, one by 
 the naval officer alluded to, with a small party of seamen, and the other 
 by volunteers, from the troops, placed under my command. Wo rowed 
 with muffled oars, a circuit of nearly forty miles at night, keeping out 
 
14 
 
 of sight during the day ; and, having carried both the enemy's vessels, by 
 boarding — one on tlie night of the 3rd, and the other at dawn of day on 
 the 6th of September 1814 — had the satisfaction of conveying our prizes 
 to Michilimackinac. 
 
 I have received the Naval war medal and one clasp for those captures. 
 
 The captured vessels afforded inuncdiate asssistancein provisions ; and, 
 having been taken into Ilis Majesty's Service, were despatclicd to tho 
 lower part of the lake, whence they returned, in due time, fully laden 
 with supplies: by means of which, the garrison was again placed in a 
 state of security, and we were enabled to fulfil the engagements of Ilis 
 Majesty's government, in supplying the Indian tribes, who had assisted 
 us in the war, with those articles of clothing and ammunition, without 
 irhich, they would inevitably have perished during the then approaching 
 winter. 
 
 Prom Lieufcenaut- General Sir George Prevost, Er.it. Governor in 
 Chief and Commander of the Forces in Canada, to the Riglifc Honourable 
 Earl Bathurst, dated Cornwall, Upper Canada, 7th October" 1814-. 
 
 "I have the honor to transmit to your Lordship, the highly gratifying 
 intelligence, which I have this moment received from Lieutcuant-Colonol 
 li'Bouall, commanding at Mackinac, of the capture in tho neighboui-hood 
 of Saint Joseph's, in the moest gallant manner, by boarding, of tho f.T0 
 American schooners, which had been left on Lake Huron, for the purpose 
 of blockading Mackinac, and cutting off all supplies from that island, and 
 our other possessions on Lake Huron and Lake Superior. 
 
 "These captures are of tho highosfc importance to His Majesty's posscs- 
 eions on Lake Huron and on tho Mississippi, as tho vessels are admirably 
 adapted for the navigation of that Lake, and Lake Michigan, and for con- 
 veying the supplies so much required. As Lieutenant AYorslcy appeal's 
 to have been most ably suppoi-tcd by the detachment of the Eoyal New- 
 foundland Eegimcnt, commanded by Lieutenant Bulger, I beg Iciive to 
 recommend that officer, as well as Lieutenant Worsley of theltoyal Wavy, 
 to tlip gracious consideration of His Boyal Highness the Pi iuce Eegent. 
 
 
15 
 
 The despatch of the Governor in Chief, of which the foregoing is an 
 extract, was puWished in the London Gazette of the 19th November 
 1814 : and in another letter, of wliich the follov/ing is a copy, I was 
 recommended to His Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief for pro- 
 motion. 
 
 J, , Cornwall, Upper Canada 
 
 7th October 1814. 
 
 I have the honor to sixbmit, enclosed, for the favourable consideration 
 ofHisEoyal Iligbnoss the Commandcr-in-Cbief, a letter which I have just 
 received from Lieutcnant-Colonol M'Doucll commanding at Michilimac- 
 kinac covering an application for promotion, for Lieutenant Bulger, of the 
 Eoyal Newfoundland Fencibles. . . ;. : ■ 
 
 Lieutenant Bulger having been :)ine years a Lieutenant, and having 
 recently distinguished himself in r^Gsistiug in the capture of two of the 
 enemy's armed tchoonera on Lake Huron, I beg leave to recommend that 
 officer for a company in the New Brunswick Fencibles, or any other corps 
 serving iu British North America. - 
 
 (Signed) George Picvost, 
 
 ComraaiiJer of the Forces. 
 
 Major-Gcnoral Ton-ens 
 Horse Guards. 
 
 The Americans, during the summer of 1814, had erected a fort upon 
 the upper Mississippi ; their object being to obtain a control over the 
 ■western Indio,ns, with a view to detivdi those tribes from our service, and, 
 thereby, open a wp.y into onr vidualile fur- trading settlements in the 
 Korth West. The aicn^y's fort had been completed and was in pnrt 
 arujod, but it had rec^jiyed.oiily a portion of its intended garrison, when, 
 it was besieged by a force (whicli had been sent ngainstit Ijy Lieutenant- 
 Colonel M'Douall) consisting of Canadiai'.s and Indians, under Major 
 William M'Kay, an entcrprizing othccr of the Lower Canada Militia : to 
 whom, in a few days, the American garrison surrendered upon the con- 
 dition of being .allowed to return to St. Louis, _ , ..,, 
 
itLMt 
 
 '«!t 
 
 1« 
 
 4. '. • -- « , r . f • ►, ,_ • 
 
 A detaclimcnt of a provincial corps (tlie Michigan Fenoibles) had been 
 despatched to occupy the captured fort, until a regular force could he 
 sent to garrison it : but, the Americans soon shewed a determination to 
 niahe every effort to rctd<o it : and, in the fall of the year, as no regular 
 troops could, as yet, bo spared for so distant a service, Lieutenant- 
 Colonel ]\rD()uall expressed a desire that I should proceed to the Mis- 
 sissippi, to take command of the fort, and to endeavour to organise the 
 Indians to co-operate in its defence. "'" ' ."' ' ■',''^. 
 
 ,,,■.,•: :, ,,; . Ei.tract from Garrison Orders. , 
 
 .J.. __ .,. I •[ . ^/ ,,,1 ,-; ;,,;, Michiliraackinac, 17th October 1814. • 
 
 Lieuternnt Bulger, of tlie Royal No^vfonnclland Eogiment, is appointed 
 to tho'cominand of Fort M'Kay, at tLo Prairie du Chion, -with the rank of 
 Captain. This command of course iuvesta Captain Bulger wiLli the exclu- 
 sive duection of all operationa ou the MisslBsippi. 
 
 -'""■ •••■■•■■•:- . ^ i.i . ■ .• ;>f..f.- (Signed) Rt. M'Douall, ■■''■^^^'^ 
 ' " Lieutenant-Colonel Commanding. ■ 
 
 Extract fi-om Garrison Orders. 
 
 MicLilimackinac, 2'Jrd February 1815. 
 
 His Excellency "the Commanclcr of the Forces, and Governor in Chief, 
 has been pleased to sanction and confirm the appointment of Captain 
 Bnlgor, commanding at Fort M'Kay and on the Missioaippi, as also his 
 local rank and half the command money allowed for Michilimackinao. " 
 
 (Signed) Et. M'Douall, Lieutenant-Colonel ' 
 ,.:. . ■•- Commanding at Michilimackinao. 
 
 '^ With the exception of a small settlement of Canadians, situated on 
 the western shore of Lake Michigan, the route from Mich'.limackinac to 
 the Mississippi — a distance of more than five hundred miles — was known 
 to be a complete wilderness : to proceed through which, I left the forner 
 •tation, with five dceply-ladcn boats, on the 29th October 1814. Snow 
 had commenced to fall previous to our departure ; and thp weather, at 
 night, had become cold. Our tents — the best that could be obtained at- 
 
IT 
 
 Michilimadcinac — wore too old and thin to be of iiiurli use; ard ir litllo 
 iriorc tlian a fortnijiht, the winter had regularly set in. Tlio toils and 
 hardships of the ren.aindcr of the voyaj^'o were most severe : in many 
 plr.res, in iLc ascent of the Fox TJivcr, owing to the coldness of the water, 
 in which the loiitmen frcqncntly had to work in sunr.ounting rapids 
 and other inipcdiuients, their labours were of an exceedingly trying 
 nature. 
 
 As wo advanced, the cold co:itinucd to increase in severity ; and wo 
 were, ultimately, obliged to open a passage, a distanci; of at least one hun- 
 dred and fifty miles, through the ice, which liad completely overspread 
 the Ouisconsin Kiver. "We had accompliahcd little more than half the 
 voyage, when, in a most desolate spot, a group ofLulian families appear- 
 ed on the bank of the river, and, upon encjuiry, were found to consist of 
 women and children, with a lew aged men ; who, in journeying to the 
 winter hunting-ground of their people, had been two days without food. 
 Cur own means, at this time, were not over abundant ; but it was im- 
 possible to resist the supplications of starving woiuon aiul children : and 
 with our assistance,tlicy were eual'lcd to continue their journey. The 
 consequence, however, wasth.>t, while working for our lives in the ice, we, 
 ourselves, fell short of provisions, and, in the end, had nothing whatever 
 to eat from the morning of the 20th November until we reached Fort 
 M'Kay, after dark, on the 30th of that month — the day upon which 
 I completed my twenty-fifth year. v . -f 
 
 I assumed the duties of my ap[)ointed charge under circumstances of 
 far greater difliculty than had been expected ; especially in regard to the 
 Indians ; to whom — owing to a deiiciency of boat -transport — it had been 
 found impossible to convey more than a portion of their accustomed 
 winter sujjplics : in consequence of which, a feeling of irritalion pervaded 
 the whole of the tribes. A serious difuculty also presented itsolf in the 
 want of any certain means of subsistence. ^Yhcn I arrived, the garrison 
 of Fort M'Kay were dependant upon a precai-ious and scanty allowance 
 
] 
 
 'ii i 
 
 16 
 
 of bread, with a rnti(>ii of wild intat, when the liunters were able to sup- 
 ply if. Altogether, my position at the outset, wus fur from being an 
 encountping one. Upon that point, I may refer to the following extract 
 of a letter addressed to me, from ^liehilimm'kinac, by Lieutenant-Colonel 
 M'Douall. , . . - . . , . - ,,, 
 
 "I cannot refrain from expressing how luiicli I have folt at the nutfer- 
 ingB you endured on the voyage, and the verv arilnous nnd trying cir- 
 cumstnncoB in which you have bofju placed since 30UI' arrival, ft does you 
 but strict justice to say that you have conducted yonrHolf with equal prn' 
 dence, firmness nnd ability, and. whnt is no pt lall praise, have proved 
 yoarself fully equal to the difncidtiori which you vere called upon to en- 
 counter. All your measures meet with my un<puilitied approval." 
 
 During upwards of three numths of the winter, my dutiee were as 
 onceasing as they were arduous ; and, for some time, I may say, I la- 
 boured almost without hope. 1 was obliged to visit many parts of tli© 
 interior of the Indian coimtry — a Avild, inhospitable region — in which, 
 with the exception of a few adventurous fur -traders, a white man had not 
 previously been seen. Accompanied by a ])rovincial officer, acting as 
 interpreter, and four Canadian hunters, I tr.avelled fully seven hundred 
 miles, partly in a winter vehicle on the ice, occasionally on foot and upon 
 snow-shoes, and upon horseback over prairies after the snows had begun 
 to melt. Upon these journies (one of which occupied above twenty days) 
 vre experienced frequent and severe privations. At night, we often slept 
 before a fire in tlie open air, with arms prepared for defence — two hunters 
 keeping watch — the country on our route being infested by evil disposer! 
 bonds — outcast:* from various tribes. 
 
 The only white inhabitants of the territory, in which our post was 
 situated, were Canadians, about two himdrcd in number : nearly one 
 halt' of whom were hunters and voyageurs; the remainder being settled 
 upon land at the Prairie du Ohien. These latter were in great distress ; 
 having, previous to my arrival, been plundered of their cattle, as also of 
 » considerable portion of their grain crops, by the Indian!* ; and, having 
 
 ill 
 
 it 
 
10 
 
 for vfart*, livttl iuuoiitr(.)ll<Al — ilii'ielx'inj^ rioitlicr iiiajrislraUi nor minister 
 of religion in the country — tlicy luul hocoaio almost iis intractable as tho 
 Indians themselves. I was enabled, however, 'to establish order and 
 security in tho settlement — as will appear from the following copy of an 
 address on the part of its inhabitant* — and I succeeded eventually in 
 forming them, with many of tho hunters, into a most useful corps of 
 volunteers, for service against thf enemy. 
 
 '• • • ■' • ' ' ./(I u-h/, Flirt M'Kivy, 15th Jamiary 1815. 
 
 ., Copy. .•;•/.*'■ '!»' ^1 ... 
 
 Wa, the inhabitants of tho Prairio du Ohien, not know- 
 ing how to expresH the sentiraeuta with which wo are imbued, humbly 
 rofjuost jou will uccopt our ncknowloJgmonts and thanks, for tho protec- 
 tion afforded by yna to His Britiinnic Majesty's subjects. Your conduct 
 and activity, in rt'ndoring justice in a savage territory, heretofore exposed 
 to 80 many misfortunes, leads mb to hope that we shall in future live 
 peaceably under j-our government : and permit us at the same time to 
 express our zeal, courage and loyalty toward.s our sovoroign. 
 
 ,. On behalf of the inhabitants 
 
 • > " ; • . r^ • of tho Prairie du Chien. 
 
 (Signed) Joseph Rolette. 
 
 Francois Bouthillier. 
 
 Cnptaiu Bulger 
 C'omniauding Fort M'Kay. 
 «Src'. &c. Ac. 
 
 ■x 
 
 ,<{■■! 
 
 
 In the course of the winter, information had been received of the in- 
 tention of the Americans to ascend the Mississippi, from St. Louis, with 
 a large force early in May ; and, in tho first week of April — ^agreeably 
 to arrangements which I had been enabled to make with those tribes 
 whose services were of the most importance — upwards of six hundred 
 warriors, with their war- chiefs (a few of whom appeared with English 
 medals) arrived at the Prairie du Chien. All were e^juipped for war, 
 
'I 
 
 k 
 
 20 
 
 granting only nmminiition, m ainplo store «)f win \ I had simcoded in 
 proMiriiig for their use. The gunpowder liad been dnivri upon hand- 
 sleds, over snow and ice, a distance of more than four hu "(red miles; 
 and, having obtained leail from a mine in the vicinity of our I'ost, wo 
 had been enabled tr^ nr Ice un abundance both of ball and shot. In ad- 
 dition to the h" " Ir idy asRombleil, five hundred of the Saulks and 
 Cttugamie." hou t'ng.ijjtti to join us at the slutrtest notice. My own 
 f<)rce, at this time, consisted of fifty m«n (red coats) of the Michigan 
 Fencjn'ics^, with oi.e hundred and thirty Mississippi Volunteers and up- 
 wards oi forty Caaadian voyageurs, with a small party of artillery-men 
 and soldiers of the line (trained as gunners) in cliarge of two three- 
 pounder brass guns for field and boat service. 
 
 Having, in a recent despatch — of which the following is a copy— 
 rect ivL'<l instructions to make an imprtant communication to the Indians, 
 I lost no time in carrying those instructions into efi'ect, in a full assembly 
 of the Chiefs and principal warriors of the several bands. 
 
 Michiliuiaokiuac, ilfJth Fubiuary 18l5. 
 
 "The most interesting intelligence from Europe waa tho lireakiug up of 
 the congress at Ghent and ooiiHcquonL failure of tlie negociations for peace 
 with the Americana : the principal cauao was tho question relating to the 
 Indians. Thia article having for its object the future security and welfare 
 of the Indian nations, was demanded and persisted in as the eln'^qud »o»»oil 
 negociation. The American Commissioners had no instructions relative to 
 those demands, and the treaty accordingly broke o<*. 
 
 "I send you a newspaper, giving all the particulais of the late negocia- 
 tion. You will announce this inti iigonce to tho Indiuns in grand council, 
 with all the cclaf and effect which you can give it, and which, its singular 
 impo i.> je to them is so calculated to inspire. I enclose a speech which 
 you may add to, in any way you think will make it more impressive. In 
 fact, the ensuing summer will require no small dexterity and judgment 
 in BuccessfuUy managing tht m. amidst mo many difficulties. Leave no 
 means untried to excite their enthusiasm and peraevoraiico, were it only 
 
21 
 
 for tbo next faniimimi. wliidi. if we bring to n MicrCHsfiil cIoh© (of wliicli 
 I bftvo ino(*t mii^uiiic bopeni itll will hv well nud tlio giitn<) our own. Lot 
 no ciulonvour-i \>v wonting, und whiitcvor nmy ho tho re.-mlt, lot um tit least 
 huTu the p' "ad couHolution ot' knowing tlmt wi- iK'Mervecl sium;cmh." 
 
 (Signed) Rt. M'nounll. 
 ]iicutcnnnt-Col()Tiel Commanding. 
 
 ComTOJUiUing i ili" Mi»si8»!it(!i. ' 
 
 Every c >rt li.i lieen maJo during the winter, to prcx-ure provisions 
 for hehprii a)»era. ons : ;i stock of wild meat had been collccte«l and 
 stored in an ife-!ioii : and, upon the opening oi' the rivers, wo received 
 
 V of Indian corn from a distant settlement. But 
 
 i\lum:vt\u.'r too limited to render it advi.sablc that wo 
 
 tit keil, and, after a considtation with tho Indian 
 
 ilod to carry the vartotho vicinity of Saint Loui:i, 
 
 '< that cattle in abundance could he procured. Wo 
 
 Mf in some measure, to reserve our own means, and 
 
 l,«yuis, keep the American.s at hoi'.ie to defend that 
 
 a considoraM' ' 
 
 these supplie.- 
 
 should wait ' 
 
 Chiefs, it w;i- 
 
 "whoFO, it was i 
 
 should thus be <• 
 
 by tlireatening ' 
 
 place. ' 
 
 I had already ^taliibcd strong war-parties down tho Jrississippi, to an 
 appi)inted rondczvoas ; and was on the point of proceeding, w ith our main 
 force, to tlie same qu**/-'? ; when, on the IGth of April -by a commu- 
 nication from fJovcnioi x'lark, tlie American ofiicer in command at St. 
 Louis, addressed " to the British Officer on the Missiseippi" — I was ap- 
 prized of the re-estublishment of peace between Great Britain and the 
 American States. This unexpected aniinnnceuicnt being accompanied by 
 a i)rinted copy of the trtaty of peace, as published by tlie American au- 
 thorities at Washington, I considered it my duty to lose no time in acting 
 U])on it, so far as to recal the war-parties in advance ; and, before many 
 days had elapsed, an oflicial intini.ition of the peace reached me, by ex- 
 pres.s, from Michiliinachiiiac. 
 
22 
 
 !■; 
 
 h •■ 
 
 Intelligence of the peace having spread throughout the country, in a 
 few days the number of Indians assembled at the Prairie du Chien ha<l 
 immensely increased, and included nearly all the head chiefs of tribes. 
 The treaty contained a provision in respect to the Indians generally ; but, 
 the conditions assured to them were not such as the western tribes had 
 desired and exjiected to obtain. An extreme degree of excitement arose 
 upon the occasion. Tlie chiefs expressed a determination not to abide by 
 tlie treaty ; and there even appeared reason to apprehend that acts of 
 liostihty would be directed against ourselves. During nearly a fortnight 
 —while the garrison remained under arms in the fort, distant nearly a 
 quarter of a mile — I pjissed a portion of each day in the council- house 
 — accompanied by an interpreter for each tribe — ^liolding conferences 
 with the chiefs and principal men ; all of whom were eventually brought 
 to view the treaty favourably, and, when the proper time arrived, after I 
 had received my final instructions, I had the satisfaction of witnessing 
 the ratification of the treaty, witli the usual Indian ceremonies, by the 
 chief jnen of all the tribes, assembled in a general council. , 
 
 Upon the termination of my service on the Mississippi, having, in 
 consequence of the state of my health, which had suffered severely 
 during the preceding winter, received 'permission to return to the 
 head-quarters of the army at Quebec, I proceeded thither travelling in 
 boats and bark- canoes, a distance of at least one thousand four hundred 
 miles. Upon arriving at Quebec, in the middle of July 18 Ij, I had the 
 mortification of learning that the recommendations of the preceding 
 autumn in my favour, had not been succ3ssful. I f»und also, that every 
 service lieutenant, who had been senior to me in the Canada army, at 
 the beginning of the American war, as also many of those who liad been 
 junior to me, had obtained promotion to the rank of captain. 
 
 Lieutenant- General Sir Gordon Drummond, who had succeeded Sir 
 George Prcvost in the command oi' the forces in Canada, was pleased 
 
 ilil pt 
 
23 
 
 to submit my claims to Ilis Royal Highness tlif Conimaiider-in-Chlef 
 in a letter of wliich the following is a copy. 
 
 Quebec, i)th Aujjiuat 1815. 
 
 Sir. 
 
 I have the honoi- to enclose the memorial of Lieutenaut 
 Andrew Bulger, of the lloyal Newfoundlaucl Feueibles, for promotion. 
 
 This officer during the laat twelve months has been successfully employ- 
 ed under Lieutenant-Colonel M'Douall, in the arduous and insulated com- 
 mand of our remotest possessions in the Indian countries, and was selected 
 by that officer for the command of Fort M'Kay, on the Mississippi, during 
 a period of embarrus^iing difficulty, and acquitted himself with the great- 
 est zeal and judgment. He was present at the repulse of the enemy in their 
 attack of Michilimackinac, on the 4th August 181t. He commanded a de- 
 tachment of the Eoj'al ISTewfoundlaud Regiment, of fifty rank and file, and 
 bore a prominent and conspicuous part in the gallant and judicious attack and 
 capture, by boarding, of the enemy's two schooners. Tigress and Scorpion, 
 on Lake Huron, whereby the intention of intercepting our supplies and 
 starving the garrison of Michilimackinac into a surrender, was frustrated, 
 and the security of that, then, most important post, fully secured and 
 maintained. 
 
 Lieutenant Bulger was particularly mencioued ou tVic occasion by Lieu- 
 tenant-Colonel M'Douall, and in the despatch of Sir George Prevost, and 
 be was recommended for a comj).iuy in the New Brunswick Fencibles, or 
 in any regiment in British North America; which recommendation I beg 
 leave to renew, by requesting you will bo pleased to submit his memorial 
 to the most favourable consideration of tlie Commander-in-Chief. _^.. 
 
 I have &c. - i. 
 
 (.Signed) Gordon Drumniond 
 Lieuteuiint-General Commanding. 
 Major -General 
 Sir Henry Torrens K. C. B. '' > ■ '•• ' 
 
 etc. Ac. &c. .' •■'- •■ • '•'■■' 
 
 Testimonial of Lieutenant Bulger's military services from the oflRcer 
 under whose immediate command ho served, for a considerable period 
 previous to the termination of the war. 
 
MMM 
 
 idt- Vi^yy -- 
 
 24 
 
 1^ 
 
 1$ 
 
 
 " Lieiiteimiit-Culoiicl M'Douall in trnnsriiitting and strongly recommend- 
 ing the enclosed momoiial, jieiforms this most pi fusing duty ^vith the 
 thorough conviction that in the annals of the British army, but few in- 
 stances have occurred of a subaltern officer approaching his illustrious 
 Commander-in-Chief with such genuine claims to his patronage and pro- 
 tection. ■ v 
 
 " Lieutenant-Colonel M'Douall has been an attentive observer ofLieute" 
 nant Bulger's iH'ofcssional career during the war, and considers the enclosed 
 memorial as a correct and modest statement of his services. 
 
 " What passed under my own eye merits mj^ warmeHt approbation, par- 
 ticularly his conduct during our perilous voyage through the ice for the 
 relief of this island, and in the repulse of the enemy therefrom on the 4th 
 of August. 'No language of mine could do justice to his merit on the 
 capture of the enemy's schooners, of such signal consequence to this gar- 
 rison, by relieving us from a blockade which threatened us with famine. 
 
 " I selected Lieutenant Bulger, as an experienced officer, in preference 
 to others of higher rank, to ccnnmiind at Fort M'Kay, on the Upper Mis- 
 sissippi, fiom my high opinion of his professional talent. Merely to state 
 that I was not disappointed would not suffice ; for though placed in the 
 most embarrassing situation, and environed with difficulties, his zeal, 
 fortitude, and exertions, surmounted tliom all, and the good effects of his 
 able riianagcment ])roved highly beneficial to the public interest. 
 
 "In depicting this officer's long and uieritorioiis services, justice to him 
 and to my own feelings, causes me to dip my j^eiicil in vivid colours. I 
 am, however, not satisfied with my representations. I therefore with con- 
 fidence submit them to the favourable consideration of His Eoyal HigTiness 
 the Commander-in-Chief, ])efoio whom claims like his never pleaded in 
 vain. " 
 
 (Signed) Rt. M'nouall 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Commanding 
 Michiliraackinac and Dependancies. 
 
 Michilimackinac, 
 July 6th 1815. 
 
 ' • . • ... Horse Guai'ds, 
 
 2nd November 1815. 
 "Major-General Sir Henry Torrens presents his compliments to Lieute- 
 
!?5 
 
 nant Bulger, and lins cnrlosed the copy of a comimini cation, which the 
 CormnnDder-ir.-r'lief directed to be mado to Sir C(n'd(>n Dniminond iu 
 repiv to the LicntcnaBt-Geacrurs rccoiTLmendutioii of him." 
 
 Horse Guards, 
 
 "'"■ ■^- ■■^' •'- ' '"^'' ••' •' 2aifch September 1815. 
 
 Sir, . ■ , ^ ..-!,,,: 
 
 Having submitted to' the Cbmraauder-in-Chlef, your dcypatch 
 of the 9th ult. (in dnpUcate) with itfi euclosures, I am dirccLod to assure 
 yon, tb.it iUi Eoyainighnesa willbe glad to give mH the attention that the 
 inilitajy arrangements may admit to the claims of Lieutenant Bulger of 
 the Eoyal Nervfoundlaud Foncibles, and his name is accordingly noted 
 on a liwt of candidates for spicial consideration. 
 
 I have &c. 
 ' "' ■" ' "■' ■■ (Signed) H, Torrcus . 
 
 Lieulenniit-rjcneral. 
 Sir Gordon Di'ununond K. C. B. ■ ' 
 
 &c. &c. ifec. 
 From Major-Genoral Sir Heni-y Torrens to Liouteii.uit Bulger. 
 
 Horse Guards, 
 •29th March 181(3. 
 
 Sii', 
 
 I have h..id your letter of the '27th instant before the Comman- 
 der-in-Chief, and I am directed to expi-ess Hl-^ Eoyal Highness's regret, 
 that under present circumstances, he has not the means of recommending 
 
 you foi' promotion. 
 
 1 am ic, 
 
 (Signed) If. Torrens. 
 
 Lic\ite!iOHt Bulger, . , , 
 
 T 
 
 Eoyal N'ewfomidlaud Fenciblos. 
 
 On the 24tli June 1815, tlic regiment to wliicli I belonged and in 
 whicli I continued to be the senior lieutenant, having been disbanded, I 
 was placed upon tlie IiaU-p;iy list as o lieutenant. 
 
 In May 1817, having applied to be restored to full pay, I received 
 a communication, of which the following is a cony. 
 
|K«a(5.3yV«.*i?»l^ 
 
 auM 
 
 M 
 
 Horse Giinrds, 
 l-2th Mny 1817. 
 
 Sir, 
 
 Haviug laid before the Commaiider-in-Chief your memorial of 
 the 2nd instant, with its enclosures, I am directed to acquaint you, that 
 all His Eoyal Highness can promise to do, is, to bring you into employ- 
 ment on full pay on an opportunity offering, and for which your name ia 
 noted. 
 
 r am &e. 
 , „,, (Signed) H. Torrens. 
 •^- Lieutenant Bulger, .-^ -, .'.r";', 
 
 T' Half-pay " '" '•■ ' .r.-.^, T..!, > j V., , ,t . . ■':f , , . 
 
 Late Royal Newfoundland Feucibles. , .■•..if,'-;..;./; • ■■<(' 
 
 - V I was not, however, favoured with an appointment : and, my liealth 
 having continued to suffer from the injury it had sustained during my 
 service in the direction of the Indians, I was induced, at length, to make 
 application to llis Majesty's Secretary of State for the Coloniss, with a 
 view to obtain rcmiuieration for such services, in respect; to which the 
 following communications, from Lieutenant-Colonel M'Douall andLieu- 
 tenant-Goneral Sir Gordon Druniinond, were submitted to Earl Bathurst. 
 
 Stranraer, 
 :;:'•'' '-^ ■ • ':■' : •, ' ^•'■' ' ■! . - . 2ord December 181i». '.;.. .^^ 
 
 ■ My Lord. '' . ^ ' ; . \ m 
 
 Liculonaut ^\ndrew Bulger, on the half-priy of the late Eoyal 
 Newfoundland Regiment, haviug a few days ago, stated to me his inten- 
 tion of making applicatiou to your Lord.ship for a rejuum-rtdion for 'civil 
 services performed by him in 11 ic Indian Deiiartmeiit, while commanding 
 at Fort IiI'Kay on the Mississippi ; and haviug required from me, as his 
 commanding officer, a testimonial of the said services, I feol it my duty 
 to accede to his request, in justice to the merit of a very deserving officer. 
 L::ui.enant Bulger in February 1814 juiucd an expedition under my 
 command, de.ftined for the relief of Michilimackiuac. In the previous 
 purl; of the war, he had been repeatedly engaged with the enemy, with 
 great credit to himself. 1 rcai)cd mnc'h assistance fi-om his zeal and ex- 
 peri ovjc in the Ijuildiug aiul c([uijnin'rit yl' our llotiiln. in our .Jubsequcivt 
 
fl 
 
 tlaiigpvoiif^ voj-ago tlirungli tlie ice norosa Lako Huron, 1)iit particularly 
 during the operations wliich (lefcatcd Uie comljincd attack of the Ameri- 
 can forces on Michilimackinnc, ujion Hie 4th August. 
 
 The failure of tliin attack inducetl the enemy ■nho knc^v of the extreme 
 Hcarcity of provisions in the garrison, to look wholly f^:r success in a rigid 
 blockade, and which must iufallibly have succeeded hut for the rupture of 
 both vesaols by hoarding. I had entrusted to Lieutenant Bulger the com- 
 mand of the military pai-t of the expedition, consisting of three suhaltema 
 and fifty men, and it is impossiblo that 1 can ever foi-get the conspicuous 
 gallantry and good conduct which he disjdayed upon the occasion. Ho 
 was wounded iu the act of boarding, besides receiving a severe contusion 
 on the breast. The conseijuonoes of this exploit were most important, aa 
 it secured Michilim.ickinuc, and vie jnizes vcstorcil to iisi lie uninterrupted 
 navigation of Lake Huron. 
 
 The crptuve of {lio Amcricr.u foi'l; on thoMis.sIssippi. (s'uioo Fort M' Kay) 
 by the detachment T had soub agi/uir-t it, was equally fortunate for us, tend- 
 ing to confirm the wavering loyalty of the numeroiis warlike tribes of that 
 coimtry, by whose zealous co-operntion alone, the north western frontier 
 ol' Upper Canada could be protected. TIic enemy were making great effort" 
 to recover the fort, and cut u.-^ off I'voin allies they had found so formidable. 
 In this emergeticy I cast my eyes on lieutenant Bulger to meet tlio diffi- 
 culties of this arduous couinuind. i;nil to assume tho direction and manage- 
 ment of the Indiana, being aAvaro that if good order, confidence and zeal 
 for the common cause could l>o infused into them, it n'ould be effected by 
 this active and intelligoiiC young oflicer. Though dc^iresfcd by sickness in 
 consequence of his recent wound, lie enibaiked for hisstr.t-ion. five hundred 
 miles distant, iji an open boat, aiid iu s^n'Oi'e wi-iiliev. 'I'iie local rank of 
 captain wa.-; cmiferred, as well as a full couIj'oI over tlie Indian Depart- 
 ment, into ivliich he introduced economy and ai-rfiUgiinenf-.. instead of the 
 most profuse expcudituie. But wore I here to state the hardships and 
 distresses which Licit tenant Bulger un lerwcnt in the discharge of his various 
 duties, his jonrnies in tlio depth of winter to ])rocuro food and ammunition 
 for his numerous Indians, and to organise them for the cauqiaign which 
 was .so soon expected, together Avith the extreme d uigov to which himself 
 and garrison were exposed on the peace being laitunincod toihcm, I should 
 not only encroach too much on your Lordshij^s time, lint 1 am satisliod 
 
28 
 
 the recital would not be oom])rohcniletl in this country. Suffice it to sny 
 that the nature of liis command called for the continual exerciae of that 
 firmness and ability which enabled him to surmount every obHtaclo, and 
 to perform what was expected from him to the entire satisfaction of Lieu- 
 tenant-General Sir Gordon Drummond. 
 
 The Hi^ht Ilonordble 
 The Earl of Uuiliui'; 
 
 I hiive &c. 
 
 (Signed) lit. M'Douall, 
 Lieutenant-Colonel . 
 
 JS'aplcs, 
 28th March 1820. 
 
 My Lord, ,.-'.•. 
 
 , . . ... , I liave just bfcn informed by Lieutenant Bulger on the 
 
 half-p-iiy of the lale Xewfouiidland Fcncible Regiment, of hia intention 
 to make application to your Ijordship for compensation for various services 
 performed by liim, in the Indian Department, while serving under the 
 orders of Lieutenant-Colonel M'Douall at Michilimackinac during the 
 •late war. 
 
 It is but justice in me to lioar testimony to the zeil and exertions of Lieu- 
 tenant Bulger during the above period, viz. from the comraencenient of the 
 year 1814, when he joined Lioutonant-rolonel M'Douall, to the conclusion 
 of the war. Independant of the conduct and services performed by him 
 in his military caj)acity. his active exertions in the management and di- 
 rection of the Indians at I'ort !^['Kay. on theMississipi)i, aniiddt privations 
 and hardships unknown upon rcgulai' service ; in allaying their discon- 
 tents ; in organizing and prej)aring them to encounter the enemy, and in 
 removing from their minds at the prace, impressions which might have 
 proved detrimental to our interest in a future war, fully entitle him to the 
 favour.able couj-idcratiou of Ilis ^Majesty V Cxovornnipnt. 
 
 Lieutenant Bulger was wounded, and received a severe contusion in the 
 act of boarding two of the enemy's schooners on liako Huron, for the cap- 
 ture of which vessels, iho naval officer (Ijieuteiiant "Woisloy) cimimanding 
 
20 
 
 ivus proniolf (1 to llio rai.k nl' (.onuTiiUidcr iiftor the wiir. 
 
 I have the lionor to bo, 
 
 jonv Lordship's 
 most obedient huml)le servant 
 (Signed) Gordon Drtnnniond. 
 The Earl Bathurat. 
 &e. &c. &v. 
 
 The result of my appliciitiuii was, tliat, besides allowing nie a present 
 roinpctiHi'.tion of live Imiulrcd pounds, the Lords of the Treasury were 
 ])]easod to desire Ills ^Maje-Jty's Secretary at War, to take the necessary 
 measures for granting to uic a military allowance cijual to the half-pay 
 of a captain. 
 
 L ; B R A f.> y 
 
 '^^■s>4 ...... > .A