CIHM Microfiche Series (IMonographs) ICIVIH Collection de microfiches (monographies) Canadian Instituta for Historical IMicroraproductiont / Institut Canadian da microreproductions historiquas Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming are checked below. □ Coloured covers / Couverture de couleur □ Covers damaged / Couveriure endommagte □ Covers restored and/or laminated / Couverture restaur^ et/ou pellicula Cover title missing / Le titre de couverture manque I Coloured maps / Cartes g^ographiques en couleur □ Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black) / Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) □ Coloured plates and/or illustrations / Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material / Relid avec d'autres documents Only edition available / Seule Edition disponible Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin / La reliure serrte peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distorsion le long de la marge int^rieure. Blank leaves added during restorations may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming / II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajout^es lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela 6tait possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6\6 film^s. Additional comments / Commentaires suppldmentaires: D D D D D This Ham is filmed at ttw raduction ratio chaclwd baiow / Ca documani ast film* au taux da rMuction indiqu6 ci-daaaoua. L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6X6 possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exem- plaire qui sont peut-6tre uniques du point de vue bibli- ographique, qui peuvent nfKxlifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la metho- ds normale de filmage sont indiqute ci-dessous. I I Coloured pages / Pages de couleur I I Pages damaged / Pages endommagtes n D D n Pages restored and/or laminated / Pages restaurtes et/ou pellicul4es Pages discoloured, stained or foxed / Pages dteolor^s, tachet^es ou piques I I Pages detached / Pages ddtach^s \y\ Showthrough / Transparence I I Quality of print varies / Quality inhale de I'impression Includes supplementary material / Comprend du materiel suppl^mentaire Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image / Les pages totalement ou partiellenfient obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont 6t6 film^s k nouveau de fafon k obtenir la meilleure image possible. Opposing pages with varying colouration or discolourations are filmed twice to ensure the best possible image / Les pages s'opposant ayant des colorations variables ou des decolorations sont film^s deux fois afin d'obtenir la meilleure image possible. lOx 14x 18x 22x 28x 30x 1 ; 1 12x 16x 20x 24x 28x 32x , The copy filmed h«r« hM b««n raproducad thanks to tha ganarosity of: Library Agrieuitura Canada L'axampiaira fiimi fut raproduit grica i la gAniroait* da: BibliotMqw Agrieuitura Canada Tha imagaa appaaring hara ara tha baat quality poaaibia eonsidaring tha condition and lagibility of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha filming contraet apacificationa. L^a imagaa auhfantaa ont 4tA raproduitaa avae la ptua grand soin. eompta tanu da la condition at da la nattot* da l'axampiaira film*, at an eonformit* avac laa conditiona du contrat da filmaga. Original eopiaa in printad papar eovara ara filmad baginning with tha front eovar and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa* sion. or tha back covar whan appropriate. All otttar original eopiaa ara filmad baginning on tha firtt paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- alon, and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or Illuatratad impraaaion. Laa axamplairaa originaux dont la couvartura an papiar aat imprim4a sont filmte an commandant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant aoit par la dami^ra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'Impraaaion ou dllluatration. aoit par la aacond plat, aalon la caa. Toua laa autraa axamplairaa originaux sont film4a an commandant par la pramiAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'Impraaaion ou dllluatration at an tarminant par la damlAra paga qui comporta una talla amprainta. Tha laat racordad frama on aach mierefleha ahall contain tha symbol -^^ (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha aymbol ▼ (moaning "ENO"). whiehavar appliaa. Un daa symbolaa auivanta apparattra aur la dami^ra imaga da chaqua microficha. salon la caa: la symbola -» signifia "A SUIVRE", la symbol* ▼ signifia "HN". Mapa. plataa. charts, ate., may be filmed at different reduction ratioa. Thoae too large to be entireiy included In one expoaura are filmed beginning in the upper left hand comer, left to right and top to bottom, aa many framea aa required. The following diagrama lliuatrata the method: Lea cartea. planchea. tableaux, ate, pauvent *tra film4e A dee taux da riduetion diffAranta. Loraque le document eat trop grand pour 4tra raproduit an un seui ciiehA, il aat film* A panir d* I'angle sup4rieur gauche, de gauche * droite. et de haut en bee. an prenant la nombra dimagea n4caaaaire. Laa diagrammea auivanta llluatrent la mithoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 *«. StdRT A. FlIHlB, HWHTIB Or AsMOIILTimi. DBOKMBKR, 1803. DOMINION OF CANADA DEPARTMENr OF ACJRECULTURE Commimxionkk's Bka.ncii The Percentage of Water in Canadian Creamery Butter. Bv FKANK T. SIIITTT, M.A.. F.I.C, llifmist. Dominion Hxptrimanliil Farms. Thr geuuineness and purity of ("suiadian Creamery Butter have never, we believe, been called in quenlion. In view, however, of the fact that quite recently a new enactment has bi'cn made in England (whore a large quantity of Canadian butter in sold and con(ackage8 ready for ex^rt. The data of these latter sam- ples would enable us to ascertain with what degree of accuracy the percentage of moiitiiro could, be learnt irom mere iniipi-otion. In all, lUA itamplei of Canadian Creamery Butter were itubinitted to analywiit in the Esperiraental Farms Laboratoriei. NAMI'LINa AHU MKTIIon OF ANALYHIH. The lample* sm collected at the creamerie* may be taken aa'repreient- ing the butter aa packed for exi)i>rt ; thoie collected at Montreal) batten already on their way to the English market. To avoid errors from possible lack of uniformity throughout the masM, the whole sample as received was rocltcil at a low tero|H>rature till the butter assumed a semi-fluid or plastic condition. It was then thoroughly stirred until homogeneous, aud a sample at once removed, placed on the absorbent asbestos, and weighed. From three to four grammes were taken in each case. The drying tubes were of glass, li inches in diameter an 1 2J inches in length open at l>oth ends, but constricted during the lower fourth to an orifice of about J inch. 'I'hese were loosely packed witli asbestos wool to a depth of, say j inch, on the top of which was placed a further w»d of asbeatos. The tubes with their anbostos wcie dried in the steam bath during the night previous to use— al>out \r> hours. The cooled tube was weigjed directly from the desiccator, the upper wad of asbestos carefully leiuoved with the forceps, the semi-fluid butter placed on the lower bed of asbestos, and cotered by the replacement of the asbestos wad, and the whole immediately weighed. The drving was accomplished in a steam oven which had a temperature of 06°C. o i)8°C., and through which a current of r.ir constantly- passed. The tubes were were placM on racks in the oven and the ilrying continued for a uniform period of 20 hours. By direct experiment it was found that under these conditions all the moisture in the butter was evaporated and that there was no increase in weight due to oxidation of the fat. Of the Iu6 samples analysed, were from creameries in Prince Edward Island, 2 from Now Brunswick, 16 from Quebec. 20 from Ontario, 96 from the North-west Territories, and 30 from warehouses at Montreal. With one or two exceptions, these butter* were all manufactured in July or August. All were in excellent condition and of iir.^t-class (juality when received. The analysis was made immediately on arrival of the butter at the Labor- atory. In the following p( rticulars the data as regards moisture-content of both series have been summarized : RANGK OF WATKK CONTENT. I'ercHiitaife of Nuiiibt-r i)f WaUT. Samplfri. twecn 7 and 8 1 8 "0 1 <• " 10 4 10 " 11 15 11 "12 24 12 "13 23 13 "14 24 14 "15 10 15 "16 2 10 "17 1 Toul 105 AV > lUtlR rKRl'ICNT OK WATKH. Ill Mftm|ilei from cn-BiiieriM (75) I'.'-Hl In iaiii|)lcit takvn at warpbxiixe (.io) lv-i>U In 106 i»«iii|>le» I- '31 MAXIMUM AND MIMMt M. V II III iiani|>let< from ui an t-iivK . . . Ill Karaploi taken at wan-liuiixe. MaiiuKiii. ..Xli-'-,'/, MiniBum. 7-»4 Tlio fttft that (If lOA MAiiiiileH iiiily two hIiuw more tliitii 15',; water, that only oii« t>xcee(l8 Ui,, *, and that nine.two fall below 14';, Ih fbirly eoneliiMlve evidence that Canadian Creamery Butter U well within the limit allowed by the English law. Indeed, Canadian Creamery Butter would appear to be drier than much of the butter made in Europe aud which tlndM Uh way to the EngllMh market. Tliis latti-r itatemeiit reoeiveH corrolioriitioii frimi a iiiiii|iariMHi of tlie averanoii v;v obUiiied with the following, taken from the reeeiit Itepoit of thii Deimrt- mental Coinmitte«f on Butter UijjiilationK (Kiiiilan 1, l'.t02) : — PKKCBNTAtiB OK WATKU IN KOIlKI'i.N IlllTTKnM. («)--l>aniiib : averavje of -.'.iKil saniplex, Huiiimer U Ol'/ " " l,n:io •• winter 14 41 (6)— Uaniwli : averaue in lHHit-imt2, 1,28h ile4 14-58 ■' »' lHK7-imiO, n,:il4 " i:i-l»" (f)— SweetliHh : average in lHi>4ISiOO, s,:mo Hamplew i:i 57 /,/) — Iriih : Munxter Dair' Sciiool, average, 52 sam|li«l liy the Swwli-li Agricultural Agent in Enirrland. (il) .Amount of wattr in wrtiiin Iri«li liTitt(-r», fn.in ilata »n|i|ili«l liy lW»un»li, llurriuKtun 4 Forrest. (c) Amount of w 'er in Iri«h biitttTH, Ininilcd in liy I 'r. I iinwl. REl.ATI .(N OF MOISTl-RE-lOSTKNT TO INSI'KfTlON U.\TlN butter mi eburned above 60^ F. ml that the wubinf temptntnre wu64° V , anutually hifh temperaturet io Canadian or«a:..eiy iiractice. " moiKt" anil "very moi«t," show o» aiialyMiit tli* lowvul |>erfeiita|{<'ft. It X04-III* <|nit«> |iiiHNih|p, iiiiiirr rertaiii rirriiniiitani'Pii, to iiic<>r|H>rat( a con«ix|>ort trade in creamery butter to Englaml hax increaMMi vciy r»|)iilly o n-cpnt yearn. Thuii in IhOC it wan valni-rt at <|t)<>7,470, taut year (liKi3) it «■•■.• valuc'l alt'i.tUiO :i4l. Nor are we to nuiiuoiw that our prencnt export in knitter, litrgo tut it in, markx the extent to which thin trade can lie developed. Eii(;laiid can coiiMume more of our liiitter, and Canada can iiiureaite her prodiiution. Thi're exiHU in the Dominion of Canada the verv Ih-hI I'oiiditionii for the making of tirNt-clai«H butter. lu ci'mate, loil, fodderN and water Mv' liiive n^tiural factorA iniMurpaMitcd for dairying in any other country ; in Hkillcd H';.e I cr«americ« and excellent ci>ld Ktorage facilitie« we have the acijuired fnctorn conducive to a inanufac- turod article of the lirnt (pialitv, Hy tliew ineaiiN and an bonent endeavour to proiluce and i>ell nothing but the bent, Canada ban won an enviable repu- tation in the Kllgli^