.iTVj %, <;^^%^o. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) A V C<'x Vj 1.0 I.I 11.25 |50 "™== 1.4 — 6" IM 1.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN SI REET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 iV iV ^. ^v Ci^ SJ Is \\ <^ i% ''\ ^1? ^>^. %,•=' 6^ -%--■ iplies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. Tht» following diagrams illustrate the method: Un des symboles suivants apparaTtra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols ^^^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent 6tre film6s 6 des taux de rdduction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clichd, il est film6 6 partir de I'angle supdrieur gauche, de gauche 6 droite, et de haut en bat,, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 u EXAMINATION li rNOERGONE BY A Candidate for the Degree of Dootor of Medicine and Surgery BEFORE THE MEDICAL FACULTY OF M^L COLLEGE, SESSION 1853-54. vVV *^ "'''^^<%^ -^^ . •'• • : ::..-.. * • ■* MONTREAL : MilNTED BY OWLEK & STEVENSON, ST. FRANCOIS XAVIER STREET. '^BSWWJlSWfllWPS.'.'. \Pi I 0. 4- /^ ^ The accompnuying questions wvra given irva voce in the usiuil period of two hours, unci were afterwards written down in the order in which they had ])een received, within a few dnys afler the examination, and while they were .still fresh in the memory. R. C. /5 [B. Q. R. NO.BfRt . » "-■■'■■— ■ ' " * ' j EXAMINATION FOR M.D. McGILL COLLEGE, Session 1853-54. Materia Medica — Examiner, Dr. Hall. 1. 2 3 4 5 6 What are the cUfTerent varie- ties of camphor? Where is it obtained? From what is it obtained ? In Avhat condition does it exist in the tree ? How is it separated ? In which of the varieties docs it exist in solid masses ? 7 How are these sought lor, and separated ? 8 What is camphor ? 9 What is its action on the sys- tem ? 10 What is its dose ? 11 In what proportion is it soluble in water ? 12 What is it aqueous solution call- ed J 13 Is it soluble in alcohol ? 14 What is this solution called ? 15 What is the strength of cam- phorated spirit ? 16 How may artificial camphor be made? 17 What volatile oils are used in medicine ? 18 For what purposes are they ge- nerally used ? 19 What are the characters of vol- atile oils ? 20 Are fixed oils soluble in alcohol ? 21 What are the exceptions to this rule ? 22 What natural family of plants is remarkable for containing a large quantity of volatile oil ? 23 Mention some of the plants be- longing to]the family Labiata; ? 24 Are cloves derived from this fixmily ? 25 From what are they obtained ? 26 From what part of the world are they brought ? 27 What part of the plant is the clove ? 28 How can good cloves be distin- guished ? 29 30 35 36 37 What effects' would be produced by swallowing two ounces of oil of cloves? What treatment would be re- quired in such a case ? 3 1 Would you think purgatives be- neficial? 32 Why not ? 33 Of what officinal preparation does oil of cloves form an es- sential ingredient ? 34 What is its use in that prepara- tion ? What arc the other ingredients of the compound colocynth pill? What is colocynth ? To what natural family does the plant belong ? 38 What is the action of colocynth on the system ? 39 To what class of cathartics does it belong ? 40 W^hat is iis dose ? 41 What is its active principle 1 42 On which of the coats of the in testine does it act ? '3 What are the preparations of colocynth ? 44 What is soammony ? 45 Is it a gum, a resin, or a gum resin ? How may good scammony be known ? What is its dose ? 48 How many kinds of aloes are there ? 49 Which of these is the best? 50 Whence is socotrine aloes ob- tained ? How can it bo distinguished from the other varieties ? What is the colour of its pow- der ? What are the preparations of aloes? 54 On what part of the alimentary canal does aloes act ? 46 47 51 52 53 56204 ~ -V^jWhsfewAB^ W,-*»^P*« 55 On wliat does this peculiarity depend ? 56 By what means can aloes by rendered more sohible ? 57 Would you give aloes in a case of hajniorrhoids 1 58 Why not] 59 What are luemorrhoids ? 60 What would be produced by the action of nitric acid on aloes ? 61 How were purgatives ibrmerlv divided ] Institutes of Medicmc- 1 Wliat is Cuvier's division of the an:mal kingdom 1 2 Describe the nervous system of the Radiata. 3 Point out the analogy between this and the nervous system of man. 4 Describe the nervous system of the Mollusca. 5 Point out the analogy as before. 6 Describe the nervous system of the Articulata, and also point out the analogy. 7 If the nervous systems of the Mollusca and the Articulata were conjoined, what would still be wanting to make up the nervous system of man ? S What is meant by a nervous centre ? 9 What are the nervous centres in man 1 10 What are the functions of ner- vous centres? 1 1 Describe the anatomy of the spinal cord. 12 How do its nerves arise ? 13 Which of the roots is continuous with the grey matter of the cord ? 14. What other peculiarity has the posterior root ? 15 How many spinal nerves arc there ? 16 What are the theories regardino- the central terminations of the s]>inal nerves ? 62 What was a purgative called which operated upon tjie whole length of the alimentary canal ? ^ 63 Of what general ])lan of treat- ment does purgation form an important i)art "? Gl la what diseases, then, will purgatives be parlicularlv use- ful ? 65 In what way do purgatives prove useful in inliannaation 1 Examiner, Bi. FnASEu. 17 Which of these theories is supposed to be the correct one ? 18 What is the proof that some of the nerves terminate in the cord ? 19 What is the proof that some are continued on to the brain ? 20 What, then, are the functions of the spinal cord ? 21 What is the usual stimulus by which the muscles are called into action ? 22 What functions arc especially under the control of the spinal system ? 23 What is the structure of a ner- vous centre 1 24. What is the shape of 1 ' > nerve vesicles 1 25 How many kinds of nerve fibres are there? 26 Describe each variety. 27 In what do they cssentiallv differ ? ^ 28 Of what is the axis cylinder supposed to consist ? 29 Of what, the white substance of SchAvann ? 30 What is the use of the latter? 31 Do bloodvessels enter the neurilemma ? 32 Describe the diflercnt central terminations of nerves. 33 Descril)e their peripheral ter- minations. Anatm7ii/— Examiner, Dr. Bruneau. 1 What aro tlm difteront tunics of tlio rye-l)a!l 1 2 What is the structure of the Sclerotic 1 3 Of the Choroid ? 4 Of the Retinal 5 What is the shape of the Cornea? 6 What are its kiyers ? 7 What are the humours of the eyp] 8 What are the limits of the acjuoous humour 1 9 How is it divided ? 10 What IS the origin of the optic nerve '? 11 What name is given to the junction of the two nerves 1 12 What is that portion called which is situated between the origin of the nerve and the commissure 1 13 How are the fibres distributed within the commissure 1 14 How do the optic nerves pass into the orbit ? 15 Is there anything peculiar about the sheath of dura mater which surrounds the optic nerves I 16 Does the nerve enter the central axis of the globe of the eye? 17 How does it pierce the sclerotic 1 18 Describe the superior oblique muscle of the eye. 19 Describe the inferior oblique. 20 What muscles arc supplied by the third ner-j^e 1 21 What nerve supplies the exter- nal rectus? 22 What nerve supplies the supe- rior oblique. ? 23 Where dues the fourth nerve arise ? 24 AViiat is peculiar about it ? 25 Where does the fifth nerve arise ? 26 How far can this tract be trac- ed? 28 29 :^o 31 36 37 38 39 27 What is peciiiar about the pos- terior root? Describe the course of the nerve. What is the shape of the Cas- serian ganglion ? How does it divide ? What course docs the ophth- almic take ? 32 Which of the branches passes between the heads of the ex- ternal rectus ? 33 Describe tlie lachrymal branch . 34 With what nerves do the termi- nal filaments communicate 1 35 Describe the course of the supe- rior maxillary nerve. Wliat are its bionches in the sphono-maxillary fossa ? In the infra-orbital canal ? On the face ? With what branches do they communicate ? 40 Describe the femoral artery. 41 By what is it covered superi- orly ? 42 By what inferiorly ? 43 What branches does it give off at its upper part ? 44 Of what artery is the deep epi- gastric a branch ? 45 Describe its course. 46 What is its relation to the inter- nal abdominal ring? 48 Where is the profunda given otr? What are its branches ? What muscles form ^the fibrous sheath for the femoral artery ? What branch is given off in this sheath ? Describe the rectus femoris muscle. What other muscles are insert- ed into tlie pateUa? What kind of a bone is the pa- tella ? Where are those muscles in- setted in the foetus ? 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 :.s>msKf food contains the liirpost unitiunt of nitrtucn ' 53 How couics it that iminmls ciui Vwo on vopot!i])les alone f 54 VVliatare tiio luitritioiisa/otizeil sulislancts louiiil in vt'geta- 55 AV'liat itLactin? 56 What uro the other constitu- ents otuiilU? 57 What cuus(\s it t.i (*onom what is ipiinine obtained ? 78 With what acids is it combined ? 79 Wha. other alkaloids are as- sociated with it in Cinchona/ 80 What effect has creosote on al- bumi'ii / 81 In virtue of this property fl)r what purpose is it emi)loycd in surgery ? 82 What other substances are used ac hiuniostatics ? 83 Uhat is tann n? 81. From what is ,•: obtained / 85 What special character do plants wliich contain tannin jHissess f 86 What other substance closely allied to tannin is found in plants / 87 How does GaliiC acid dilitf r from tunnin/ 88 Is tannin soluble iii water ? 89 What is the action of tannin m the process of tanning leather 90 How is Gallic acid produced from tannin / 91 What other acid is at the same time produced ? 92 If a heat of 160'^ be applied to albumen, what is the result / 93 When albumen has been coa- gulated, how may it be re- dissolved? 91' What organic substance has this power? Examiner, Dr. Wright. 5 WHiat are the signs of partial intellectual insanity ? G Is the existence ol a delusion always aj'parent? 7 What fire the varieties of par- tial moral insanity ? 8 In which sex is pyromania most frequently found ? 9 At what period of life? ''^ 9 ''^ 10 Are Uo'.iiculal impulses of fre- quoiit uccurrenco airiLMig the iiisime 1 11 What is Iho projiortiou 1 12 la whom is this impulse mo.st often found / 13 W'hiit nitiu (Iocs tiic iVcipu'ncy of suieidiil iin])ul.s'\s bear to this ? 14) Wliatcircuiustiivices would lead you to infer that a murder was the result of a homicidal im- pulse 1 15 In such cases is there generally only one wound, or ure there many 1 16 Is the impulse preecded cr not by iirenionitory sym[)toms? 17 What is the condition of Lhe system at the time of the im- pulse ? 18 What disease of the r r.'^o'is system is frequently co-e.;ijtent 19 What is the Ic^altest l)y Avhich insanity is judged to bo pre- sent or absent ? 20 If it can 1)3 proved that the per- se is aware of the distinction between right and wrong, docs it follow that he is not insane? 21 What may constitute the insan- ity in such a case ? 22 V^^hat is generally the condition of the will in insane '>ersons J 23 Is the inability to distinguish between right and wrong,proof positive of insanity ? 21 On what may this inability de- pend ? 25 IIow would you distinguish a case of real, from ojio of feign- ed insanity ? 26 Do insane persons sleep much 1 27 Are they >-eadily fatigued 1 28 IIow is this power of endurance accounted for 1 29 For what piu-poses might preg- nancy be concealed 1 30 For wliat purposes might it 1)3 feigned ? 31 What are means of calculating !hc duration of pretrnaucy ] 'J 33 31 33 3G 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 SI ■ iiut i» commonly considered ,'.s the duration of pregiumcy ? A'o nine solar niouihs equal to ten lunar months? By how many days niny they dilfer? hi the [)eriod of pr-^gnancy ever prolonged ? What was the duration of the longest inoontrovertible case on record ? What is the ( a.liest period at which a child is supposed to be viable ? What IS nuiani by a child's be- ing viable ? Ij the fljutus sui)i)0sed to be alive from the time of concep- tion ? Does the law make any distinc- tion between procuring abor- tion before, and after rjuick- cning ? To constitute the crime of in- fanticide, is it necessary that the whole of the child be ex- pelled ? Is it neces.ary that it be sepa- rated from the mother? How are the signs divided by which we infer that a child, has been born alive ? What are the signs derivable from the circulatory system 1 What are the negative signs of the child's having been born alive ? What are the signs of intra- uterine maceration ? In what docs it differ from pn trefaclion ? What are the post mortem proofs of pregnancy ? At what period of pregnancy arc the cliaractcrs of the cor' pus luteum most strongly mar- ked? At what period does the corpus luteum C'^ase to afford any in- dication ? What appearance is then found on the surface of the ovarium . ,«,i««**»««p**«««*w» tt// 10 52 Where is llie middle point sit- uated in the foetus ol'six months 53 Where, in the aduit ? 54i How could you distinguish be- tween death caused by the pressure of the umbilical cord round the child's neck, and .slrungulution by some other incauo \ 55 What would be the condition of the deep structures of the neck in each case ? 56 What circumstances independ- ent of pregnancy, may cause enlargement of the uterus ? 57 What name is given to a col- lection of gas in the cavity of the uterus ? Obstetrics — Examiner, Dr. McCulloch. 1 Yf hat are the displacements to which the uterus is liable ? 2 What treatment is required in a case of relaxation? 3 What, in a case of procidentia ? 4 What are the symptoms of retro- version ? 5 If retention of urine is complete in a case of retroversion, what treatment must be had re- course to ? 6 How would you reduce this dis- placement? 7 If it cannot be reduced without violence what must be done ? 8 At what period of pregnancy does retroversion most frequent- ly occur ? 9 At what period can the uterus be felt above the pubcs? 10 Where is the fundus uteri situ- ated at the md of the sixth month 1 11 In what cases ^vould you think it necessary to use the forceps 1 12 If the woman had been long in labour, and the forceps could symptoms were at the same time setting in, what would require to be done 1 13 How would you perform crani- otomy ? 14 What bad efTects are to be fear- ed after severe and protracted labours ? 15 How are fistukc after such la- bours to be treated ? 16 How may inversion of the ute- rus be caused 1 17 What would you do in a recent case? 18 If the inversion had remained for several hr irs, isit probable that reduction would be prac- ticable ? 19 What are some of the most fa- tal puerperal diseases? 20 At what period does puerperal fever usually set in ? 2 1 What arethe symptoms of puer- peral fever ? 22 What is the character of the pain ? 23 Is it a contagious disease ? not be applied, while urgent FracLice of riiysic — Examiner, Dr. Holmes. 1 How are fevers divided ? 2 What are the divisions of con- tinued fever ? 3 Describe a case of common con- tinued fever? 4 In what parts ls pain most par- ticularly complained of? 5 How is such a case to be treated ? 6 What is the ..sual duration cf eontinucd liver? 7 ^Vhat division of lovers has lately been made, based on certain po*t mortem appear- uiices found in many cases ? 8 Wl'iit lesions are found after deatli from typhoid fever ? 9 What prominent symptom du- ring life do these lesions give rise to ? 10 What is the diagnosis between typhuM and typhoid fevers ? J 1 What is generally the appear- \ ,,mmm "WiMMriilii 11 t •I ^^ 12 13 15 IG 17 IS 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 nncc of the abdomen in ty- phoid fever 1 ^Vhat is the cause of typhus ? How is this supported to orid- nate 1 How do bad ventilation and impure air, promote the acces- sion of typhus "J In what way do they prevent the climinatioa of the waste materials from the system 1 Is typhoid fever a contagious disease '? Describe that condition of the system usually designated ty- Jihoid. Wliat is the usual condition of the tongue 1 What is the treatment neces- sary in such a state .? What complications are apt to arise in a case of fever ? How must bronchitis be treated when it occurs in the course of fever ? Is general bleeding applicable in such cases ? How IS affection of the brain in- dicated ? How must it be treated ? How is the nervous system frequently affected in severe cases ? What remedies are required ? 27 What anti-spasmoJics would you use ? 28 In what doses would you give assafoBtida ? 29 What remedies could you use which would combine .stimu- lus with an anti-spasmudic action ? 30 How is the heart apt to become affected in severe cases of fever ? ^1 How is softening of the heart known ? 32 What indication for treatment docs softening afford ? S? How docs pericarditis generally come on ? 34 What is the character of the ])ain 1 35 What is the condition of the membrnne in the first stage 1 36 What sound does this rise to 1 37 Is the same sound heard in the next stage ? 38 What is then the condition of the membrane 1 39 What is the cause of the clys- pna>a 1 40 VVhat effect iloes the roughness in the fi'st stage produce upon the reart i 41 What is increased action called ^ 42 VVhat effect does the efinsion iirodii"!' ^ give itesH k^