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Toua las autres exemplairea originaux sont filmAs en commenpant par ia pramlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impreaaion ou d'iiluatration at en terminant par la derniAre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un dee symboiaa suivants apparaftra sur la darnlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon Ie eas: la symbols -i»> signifie "A SUIVRE", ie nymboie V signifie "FIN". Lee cartee, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre fllmAa A dea taux de rAduction diff Arenta. Lorsque Ie document eat trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul ciichA, il eet fiimA A partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en baa, en prenant ie nombre d'imagea nAcessaire. Lea diagrammes suivants illustrent la niAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 CANADA. INFORMATION AND ADVICE FOB? EMIGRANTS. OTTAWA : PUBLISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 1875. CiVaNrA.DA.. INFORMATION AND ADVICE FOR EMIGRANTS. EMIGRATION AGENTS OF THE DOMINION OF CANADA. London. — Edward Jenkins, Esq., M. P., Agent General and Su- perintendent of Emigration, Canada Government Building, King street, Westminster, S. W. Liverpool. — G. T. Haigb, 15, Water street. Belfast. — Clias. Foy, Jl, Claremout street. Glasgow. — R. Murdoch, 25, Robertson street. Dublin.— H. J. Larkin, 13, Eden Quay. Paris. — Gustave Bossange, 16, Rue du quatre Septembre. Havre. — C. Brown. Antwerp. — R. Berns, 32, Marche aux Chevaux. Basle. — Messrs. Rommel et Cie., 72, Faubourg des cendres. There are other Canadian Agents in the United Kingdom, but without official residence. All intending emigrants may apply, either personally, or by letter prepaid, to the Agent General of Canada, in London, address as above, or to any other Canadian Agents, for information or advice. — 4 — Pamphlets and all other iufoi-ination respecting Canada, may h& obtained on application to the Agents. All infomiation which iuteiiding emigrants obtain from the Agents of the Dominion they may accept as reliable. All the Domi- nion Agents are strictly charged not to make any exaggerations in any statements they may furnish ; and not to render themselves liable to the reproach of having misled any emigrants. Above all things emigrants should be cautioned to trust only to the statements of duly authorized persons ; and to avoid the numer- ous landsharks who would prey on theii- credulity. IN CANADA. JDejpartments and Officers who undertake to answer,' as far as in their 2wwer, IJnqniries of Emigrants Addressed to them respectinrf their Friends or Eclatives in JBritish North America ; or anij questions on the subject of emigration. Dominion Government— De]yaTtment of Agriculture, Ottawa. Ontario—The Immigration Department of the Local Government.. Quebec— The Commissioner of Agriculture and Public Works. iVbi'a Scotia— The Provincial Secretary, Halifax, Nova Scotia. H'ew J^runswick— The Provincial Secretary, Fredcricton, New Brunswick. British Columbia—The Colonial Secretary, Victoria, Vancouver's Island. Manitoba — W. Hespeler, Winnipeg, Manitoba. T GOVERNMENT IMMIGRATION AGENTS IN CANADA. The following Government Agents will also answer all questions, and give all information so far as lies in their jiower : ADDRESSES : Halifax, N. S.—E. Clay. St. John, N. B.—^. 8hiye&. Quebec— Jj. Stafford, old Custom House, and Grand Trunk Sta- tion, Point Levis, where he is always in attendance on the arrival of the mail steamers, passenger vessels, and on the departure of all im- migrant trains. 1 — 5 — T Montreal — Job.n J. Daley. Sherbrookc-^ Henry Hubbard. Ottawa— W. J, Wills, St. Lawrence & Ottawa Railway Station. Kingston, Ont.—U. Macplicrson, William street. Toronto— John A. Donaldson, Immigrant Station, at corner of Stracbau Avenue. Hamilton— John Smith, Great Western Railway ^^^larf (opposite station j. London, Ont.—A. G. Smythe. Winnipeg— W. Hespeler, resident Agent for Manitoba. These officers -will afford to all Immigrants applying, the fullest advice and protection. They should be immediately applied to on arrival. All complaints should be addressed to them. They will also furnish information as to lands open for settlement in their respec- tive Provinces and Districts, farms for sale, demand for employment, rates of wages, routes of travel, distances, expenses of conveyance j and will receive and forward letters and remittances for immigrants, &c., &c. IMMIGRANT DEPOTS AND CARE OF IMMIGRANTS. .1 Depots or stations for the reception of Immigrants are provided at Quebec, Sherbrooke, Montreal, Ottawa, Kingston, Toronto, Ha- milton, London (Ont.), and Winnipeg. The stations are arranged in such manner as to afford Immigrants accommodation for thoroughly cleansing themselves after coming off shipboard J for taking meals, sleeping and medical attendance j together with proper places for stowing luggage. These stations are properly guarded to protect them from intrusion of runners and sharpers, and they possess sufficient capacity for tlie accommodation of as many Immigrants as are expected to come. Meals are provided for Immigrants, of good quality at very low prices ; and they are afforded gratuitously by the Government to the absolutely indigent. Medical attendance and hospital accommo- dation are also afforded by the Government, without charge, in all caslfe of siclcness upon arrival at tho Station at Quebec; and at stations in the interior. Railway tickets at the public charge, or free pasmages are given — 6 — from Quebec, to indigent Immigrants to points at which the Grand Trunk Railway has stations^ in the Provinces of Quebec and Ontario f and the Local Governments pay the passages of Immigrants to points inland; from the nearest station at which the Dominion Government lias an agent ; they also provide them with food. Tho distribution of Immigrants to their several destinations is nowmade very rapidly, and in almost all cases employment is found for them immediately upon their arrival. An officer of the Government travels with Immigrants on tho trains to see that their wants are properly provided for, and that they are not subjected to any imposition on the road. An Act has been passed by the Canadian Parliament containing provisions for tho farther protection of Immigrants, and for punish- ing all attempts to practice imposition upon them j it also provides severe penalties for seduction of females on ship-board ; and con- tains provisions for preventing any intercourse between ships' officers and seamen, and Immigrants families, except of tho most necessary kind. Provision is also made in this Act to facilitate and render more secure the making of contracts between employers of labour in Ca- nada and intending Emigrants in Europe, in order to encourage the advancing of tho passage money by persons in Canada. Another Act has been passed to incorporate Immigration Aid Societies, with a view also to facilitate advances from Canada for passage money and outfits of emigrants. i 1 } T PERSONS WHO SHOULD EMIGRATE. The Classes recommended to emigrate to Canada are : — Persons with capital; either in largo or small amounts, seeking investment. Tenant farmers with limited capital, who can buy and stock a freehold estate with the money needed to carry on a small farm in England. Agricultural labourers, skilled and unskilled, for whom there is a large and increasing demand. * Mechanics of various descriptions, but more particularly black- smiths, carpenters, railway navvies, shoemakers, tailors, printers,. I — 7 — T Btonccuttcrs nnd masons, gardeners, bricklayers, millwiiglits and macbioists, for whom there is a demand. As regards mechanics it may happen that the demand is brisk for one class and slack for another. Tho Government agentn in the United Kingdom will furnish information on this point as far as- possible. The field for mechanics is not so unlimited as that for agricul- tural and other labourers. As many of the latter as can come, at tho proper season, will bo sure to find gogd employment. Canada offers great facilities for flax growers, dressers, spinners, &c., but this industry requires to bo developed. Domestic servants nnd needle women. Boys and girls over 15 years of age. Families with fixed incomes will find in Canada, with much less difficulty than amidst tho crowded population of tho Mother Country, a suitable aud pleasant home, with every facility for educating and starting their children in life. Persons living on the interest of their money can easily get from 7 to 8 per cent, on first-class security. Money deposited in the Post Office Savings Banks (Government security) draws 4 per cent, interest. Tho rate allowed for tho deposit of money on call in other Sav- ings Banks is from 4 to 5 per cent., with undoubted security PERSONS WHO SHOULD NOT EMIGRATE. '• Clerks, shopmen, or those having no particular trade or calling, and unaccustomed to manual labor, or females above the grade of domestic servants, should not emigrate to Canada, unless going to situations previously engaged, as the country is fully supplied, and in fact overstocked with persons of this class. THE TIME TO EMIGRATE. The agricultural labourer emigrant should go to Canada early in the spring. He will do well if possible to leave home at tho beginning of March, so as to arrive in Canada, towards the end of that month, to be ready for the very opening of the agricultural sea- son. But he will be in good time in the middle of April or begin- ning of May. He will then arrive at a time when labour is in general 8 — ilemaud. The ngi icultunvl labourer aniving nt other times iu tho year, may do well, but ho is uot so sure to do so. Tho liighcst wages are paid during harvest, but liis great object should bo to get engaged by tho year, so as to bo sure of a comforta- ble lioinc for the winter. lie must remember that until li(» gets into the ways of tho country, lie is of less use to tho farmer than ho will bo afterwards ; and lie should therefore bo careful not to make a common mistake of refusing reasonable wages when offered to liim on his lirst arrival. It is advised timt farmers who como to Canada with some means who intend to purchase farms on iheir own account, should in tho flrst place i)ut their money in a Government Savings Bank or other Bank, at interest, while tliey engage with some farmer, and thus, while earning good wages, Jiave time to learn tho ways of tho coun- try and look about, and so make the best possible investment in tho purchase of their fanu. Mistakes which may involve loss of means will thus bo prevented. THE BEST WAY TO KEACH CANADA. The emigrant should take his passage, if possible, by tho regu- lar lines of steamships, in preference to sailing vessels, as tholu- creased comforts and saving of time iu tho voyage aro worth more than tho difference in the fare. Tho intending emigrant is referred to tho bills oi- advertisements for tho days of sailing and particulars of passage. Cabin fare, from Liverpool to Quebec, includes provisions but not wines or liquors, which can bo obtained on board. lutormediato passage includes provisions, beds, bedding and all necessary uten- sils. Steerage passage includes a plentiful supply of cooked pro- visions. Baggage is taken from tho ocean steamships to tho railway cars free of expense. For tho ordinary price of passage, Avhich varies with circums- tances, reference should bo made to tho hand-bills published by the Steamship Companies. Steerage passengers must provide their own beds and bedding, and eating and driaking tins. First Cabin passengers are allowed twenty cubic feet j interme- diate passengers, fifteen cubic feet; and steerage passengers, ten cubic feet of luggage free. All excess will be charged. '} — — Chilchcn uiukr eight years of age, lialf piicoj uud further ic- iluctionis mado for Infants unilor twelve months. The Doniiniou Government has luado an airaugemcnt to issue Passenger Warrants, under wluch au ai>proved emigrant of good character, dechiring Ids intention to settle in Canada, can get a passage at a reducetl rate. A linntcd number of a special chiss of Passenger Warrants will be issued to JamiUca of farm laborers and female domcsliv servants, wliereby tliey can obtain passages to Canada at the following rates : Adults i;:2 5s; children under eight years, jCI 2s Gd; und^infauts under one year, 7n. Gd. Medical comforts arc provided by first class steamship companies. Oltfit Foil A Stkeuagk passagk.— 1 mattress. Is 8d ; pillow, Gd; I blanket, 3s Gd; I water can, 9d; 1 quart mug, 3d ; 1 tin phito, 3d; 1 wash basin, JJd ; 1 knilo and fork, Gd; 2 spoons, 2d ; 1 pound maiine soap, Gd ; 1 towel, 8d ; total, 9s Gd. The whole of u.c'So articles can be obtained of any outfitter in Liverpool at one minute's notice. ' CAUTION IN BUYING TICKETS. If tliero bo no agent of the lino by which the emigrant has made up his mind to sail, living at the place at which he resides, ho should write to the Agent General, Canada Government Buildings, King Street, Westminster, S. W. London, or to any duly authorized Cana- dian agent, from whom he will get reliable information. The emigrant must take care that the steamer ho intends to buy his passage in sails direct for Canada. Forwarding agents and other interested parties often make profit by sending emigrants to Ca- nada by way of the United States, in order to make a commission on the ticket. Emigrants in many cases, especially women and children, have been made to suffer very severely, by being sent over land, several hundred miles out of their way, before reaching their destination in Canada. The emigrant is the object of so many different kinds of impos- ture that he should be very careful in the bargain he makes, and the people he goes to for his ticket and the necessaries of the voyage. Advertisements, he must remember, are not always to be de- pended upon. The columns of a newspaper are open to everybody, — 10 — and the advertiscmcut wLich promises tho most is often put in by tlie least trustworthy parties. Tho emigrant will not save anything by buying his ticket beyond Quebec ; and, as a rule, he is advised not to do so. If however, he buy u ticket at home for the railway journey in Canada, he should be sure to see the printed list of prices, which no respectable agent will refuse to show. If the emigrant have no friends or fixed place in Canada to which he wants to go, it is far better not to buy his railway ticket until he reaches Quebec, where tho Government Agent will direct him to the best place for settlement, or where he will most easily find woik. The emigrant should be careful to avoid totiters and bad charac- tsrs, who iiang about tho shipping offices, and often speak to emi- grants under the pretence of showing them the place they want. These men are only hired by agents of. the lowest class, and the emigrant should avoid thea.. DURING THE PASSAGE. As soon as the emigrant gets on board, he should read the rules he is expected to obey whilst at sea. He will find them hung up in the steerage ; and should do his best to carry them out, and to be well behaved, and keep himself clean, as this will add much to his own comfort and health, and also to the comfort and health of others. If he have any grievances or real cause of complaint during the passage, ho should go and make it known at once to the captain. If he have right on la? side he will no doubt get justice ; but if he does not, his having applied to the captain will strengthen his case should it be found necessary to take procee'iings against the ship on arrival ic Canada. The Mail Officer on board iha steamship is also an Emigrant Officer; and he will listen to any real complaints, or furnish any in- formation within his power. The law holds the master of the vessel responsible for any ne- glect or bad conduct on the part of the stewards or any of the officers or crew. Any complaint of immorality or bad treatment on the passage out, should be made, immediatelji on landrnf to the Governmeai; Im- V — 11 — migration Agent at the Port, who will take immediate legal pro- ceedings, if necessary, to obtain redress. It is of little or no use complaining after the vessel and crew have left port, for redress then is diiflcult and uncertain. LUGW>AGE. V All the passengers' boxel and luggage should be plainly marked with the emigrant's name, and the place he is going lo. Too much care cannot be taken to do this. Very often emi- grants' luggage is lost. The name and address, in such cases, will very much assist the search. Luggage will be stowed away in the hold of the vessel ; so what- ever is wanted on the voyage should bo put into a trunk which the passenger will take with him into his berth. Emigrants are often induced to make a clean sweep and part with every thing they have, before leaving tlxo old country, because it is said the charges for excess of luggage are so large that they would come to more than the things are worth. Now there are many little household necessaries which, when sold, wouldn't fetch much, but these same things, if kept, would be exceedingly valuable in the new country or the bush, and prove a great comfort to the family as well. It is not, therefore, always advisable to leave them behind ; they may not take up much room, and the cost of freight would be little compared to the comfort they would bring. The personal effects of emigrants are not liable to Customs' duty in Canada. Excess of luggage (unless very bulky) is seldom charged for on the Canadian railways. CLOTHINa Lay in as good a stock of clothes before leaving home as you possibly can. Woollen cloihing and other kinds of wearing apparel, blankets, house linen, &c., are cheaper in the United Kingdom than in Canada. The emigrant's bedding, if it is good, should be brought : and if ho has an old ^ea jacket or great coat ho should keep it by him : for ho will find it most useful ou board ship. — 12 — TOOLS. Agricultural labourers need not bring their tools 'vith tliem, as these can be easily got in Canada, of the best description, and in al- most all cases better suited to the wants of the country, than those which they have been accustomed to use at home. Mechanics are advised to bring such tools as they have, parti- cularly if specially adapted to their trades. /^hey must, however, bear in mind that there is no difficulty in buying any ordinary tools in the principal towns of Canada at rea- sonable prices ; and that it is better to have the means of purchas- ing what they want, after reaching their destination, than to be ham- pered with a heavy lot of luggage on their journey through the coun- try. It must also bo borne in mind that the tools bought in Canada will be specially adapted to the vse of the country. MONEY. u J?®?^®* ^""^ *•" ^"""^ """* "'^''^y' especialljrin largo sums, is by bill of Exchange or letter of credit on any Bank of good standing as that is not liable to be lost, or if lost, could be made good again! Sovereigns are of course as good, but they are liable to be lost, and therefore it is better to bring them for personal use only. Post Office Orderscan also be had on any of the towns in Canada, and they are, of course, perfectly safe. A sovereign is worth four dollars and eighty-six cents: half a sovereign, two dollars and forty-three cents ; a crown, one dollar and twenty cents; half a crown, sixty cents ; a shiUing, twenty four cents : BIX pence, 12i cents ; a fourpenny piece, eight cents : 3d. six cents ; and 1 penny, two cents. EmGRANT LAWS. Emigrants have a legid right to remain and keep their luggage on board for 48 hours after the ship's arrival in port, except in case where a vessel has a mail contract, or is proceeding fuither on her voyage. Tho master of the ship is bound to land emigrants and their luggage free of all cliai-ge at a convenient landing place in the citv between Bunrise and sunset. ■11 — 13 — All emigrant runners, or persons acting as Agents for Railway or Steamboat Companies, must be licensed by tlie mayor of the city, and the emigrant, to prevent being imposed upon, should in all cases ask to see their licenses before ho has any dealings with such persons. Every tavern, hotel or boarding house keeper is bound to hand a list of the prices lie charges for board and lodging, or for single meals, to any emigrant intending to lodge with him j and during the first three months of tlie emigrant's stay his luggage cannot bo seized by the landlord for a larger debt than five dollars. The Government Immigration Agents, when necessary, will see that these laws are carried out. ADVICE ON ARRIVAL IN CANADA. V If the emigrant arrive at Halifax, Nova Scotia or St. John, New Brunswick, ho should immediately consult with tlie Government Immigration Agents at those ports, who will give him the best ad- vice as to his movements for settlement or obtaining employment in those Provinces. But if the emigrant wishes to go to the western part of Ca- nada, he should always, in the first place, take the steamship which sails for Quebec and Montreal. When an emigrant arrives at Quebec, ho will bo landed at tho Government Station, at Point Levis, where he will find suitable preparations made for his reception and comfort, and where he can wash and cleanse himself before proceeding inland. If his destination be not fixed, or if he be not going to join friends, the emigrant should be careful to consult the Government Agent, whom he will find at the Station, and who will give liim tho best possible advice as to where to go, or how ho can best obtain employmeut. In every case however he should consult the Govern- ment Agent as to modes of travel. The Agent and Clerks are always in attendance at the Government Station to attend to the wants of emigrants. Emigi'ants should take care not to listen to the opinions and advice of persons hanging about the place of landing, whose business is to make profit oat of them. Many young females and unprotected persons havci sufl:ered from being deceived by this sort of people. Emigrants arriving Quebec, holding through tickets, and — 14-s wanting to get infoi-mation, may delay their journey for that purpose «8 tlio railway or steamboat company will take charge of their lug- gage until they are ready to proceed. The emigrant should be careful to have his luggage properly checked, and the Railway Company will then be responsible for it. Emigrants who come out to join friends or relations already settled in the country should go on at once. The Agent wUl not assist any one who loses his time by staying about the city, unless detained by sickness, or some other good reason. If mechanics should not at first find work at their trades, they had better take the first offer that is made to them, rather than oe Idle until occupation at their trade is found. EATES OF WAGES IN CANADA. The following Statement shows an average range of the rates of wages paid in Canada in some of the principal callings :— Dailt, Currency. Sterliug. Farm Servants, raale (with board) do female do Dairy Maids do Domestic Servants do Cooks do Bakers ^ . lilacksmiMiH IJookhinders IJricklayera Cabinet-makers Carpenters Coopers Oardeners Machinists Masons Millers Painters I'ljiatererp Plnmbora \[]] Hope-makers Saddlers and Harness Makers... Shoemakers Tailors [["[ 'I'anners : ] ' 'i'insmiths ,[ Wheelrights ] " Ship Carpenters Ordinary Laborers c. $ c. 50 to 1 00 125 I 00 to 2 00 I 00 to I 50 I 50 to 2 50 125 to 2 00 I 25 to 2 50 I 50 to 2 00 I 25 to 1 75 150 to 2 50 I 50 to 3 00 I 50 to 2 00 1 25 to 2 00 I 25 to 2 50 I 25 to 2 50 75 to 1 50 1 25 to 2 50 100 to 2 00 I 25 to 2 00 I 00 to I 50 125 to I 75 I 25 to 2 00 75 to 2 50 1 00 to 1 50 8. d. E. 2 3 to 4 Monthly. Currency. 1 1 to 8 1 to (i Oto 10 1 to 8 1 to 10 f) to 8 5 1 to 7 a Oto 10 (i to 10 e Oto 8 5 1 to 8 5 1 to 10 c. $ c 10 00 to 20 00 4 00 to 10 00 4 00 to 15 00 3 00 to 12 00 4 00 to 15 00 12 50 to 15 00 Sterling. £ 8. d. £ fl,d. 2 10 to 4 2 16 5 to 2 1 It) 5 to 3 1 7 12 4 to 2 9 3 16 5 too I 7 2 11 4 to 3 1 7 $120 per an 24 13 1 per an to 10 to G 1 to 10 Ito 1 to to to to to 10 to f) — 15 — Tlie above rates of wages arc basod on Jictual prices pal«1. But it nuist bo understood that all wages are liable tolluetuatiou according to circumstances. As a geuera). rule, tlio Immigruut is advised to take the lirst offer made to him until he becomes acquainted with tht; ways of the country. And the inducement to come to Canada, is not simply liiglier wages and good living among kindred people under the same flag, in a naturally rich country, possessing a pleasant and healtliy climate J but the confident hope which the poorest may have of be- coming a landowner, and while securing a competence for himself, lie may comfortably settle his children in a manner he could not hope to do among the crowded population oi the old world. Very many thousands of people who are now Avealthy in every part of Canada, cajuc to this country a few years ago, without any means, but their hands and willingness to work. IMMIGKANT LABOUR REQUIRED IN CANADA. Besides the very lurge demands of formers for assistance in different parts of the country, very extensive public works are about to be undertaken, which will very much increase the demand for labour. The demand, therefore, for all kinds of labour is likely to be greater than can be supplied for some time to come. COST OF LIVING. The average price of provisions in Canada may be stated as follows :— Butcher's meat averages from 7 to 10 cents per lb. ; fowls 40 to 50 cents per couple : geese. 40 to 50 cent each : turkeys, $1 ; eggs, 'S3 to 40 cents per dozen: butter, J 5 co 25 cents per lb. ; pota- toes, 35 to .50 cents per bushel ; flour, $6 to $7 per barrel ; tea, 50 to 75 cents per lb. j sugai, 8 to 15 cents per lb. Rents are moderate ; and good board and lodging may be <>b- tained for about $3 per week. Clothing is about 25 per cent dearer than in the United King- dom ; but good clothing, suitable to the country, may be obtained at moderate prices. Tv . v. Ij are cheaper in Canada ; and good boots and shoes are made by machinery at moderate prices. In short, Canada is a cheap place to live in ; and living here is Tcheaper than in the United Kingdom or the United States. — 16 — (Extract from a Speech delivered hy iheUarlo/Ditfferin, Governor General of Canada, in June 1874) : " JFiu'li depends upvon the iudividual training, capacity, health, conduct, and antecedents of each several emigi'ant but this, at all events, I may say ; wherever I liave gone I have found numberless ])erson8 wlio came to Canada without anything, and liavc since risen to competence and wealth ; that I have met no one who did not gladly aclcnowledge hknself better off than on his first arrival ; and that amongst thousands of persons with whom I have been brouglit into contact, no matter what their race or nation- ality, none seemed ever to regret that tliey had come here. This fact particularly struck me on entering the log huts of the settlers in the more distant regions of the country. Undoubtedly their hard- ships have been very great, the difiiculties of climate and locality frequently discouraging, their personal privations most severe, yet the language of all was identical, evincing without exception, pride in the past, content with the present, hope in the future Probably the agricultural labourer wlio comes to this country from Norfolk or Dorchester will have to work a great deal harder than ever ho worked in his life before, but if his work is harder ho will find a sweetener to his toil of which he could never have dreamt in the Old Country, namely, the prosi)cct of independence— of a roof over his head for which he shall i)ay no rent, and of ripening corn tields round his homestead which own no master but himself. Let a man be sober, healthy and i'"^.astrious, let him come out at a proper time of the year, let him oe content with small beginnings and not afraid of hard work, and I can scarcely conceive how he sliould fail in his career." (Extract from a Letter of Mr. Henry Taylor, General Secretary, of the National Agnc\(lt%iral Labourer's Union, Enyland, written from Canada, in September 1874). " A good deal has been said and written as to the adaptability of the English farm labourer to the customs and practices of Cana- dian farming. A great deal of misapprehension exists, in my opinion, respecting this. I have been careful to enquire of both farmers and labourers, and the general testimony of the farmer is that they find little or no trouble with them ; they soon drop into their system, which, indeed, so far as I can see, differs far less than is generally represented The farmers here generally have the repu- tation of being very exacting on their men, both as regards length of working time, as well as hard work. It is a fact, I believe, that as a rule more hours are demanded of labourers here than in ourMidland, Eastern and Southern Counties in England I have care- fully inquired of the labourers, and I do not find that farmers' men work liarder than in England. A farmer told me a day or two ago that he i)referred English farm labourer emigrants to native Cana- dians, as they were generally more regular and kept steadily on, and accomplished more work. • Labourers on contract jobs for builders or public works are hardly driven by bosses in a way very similar to our English customs. In the question of labour, very much more dif- ference exists in imayination tJian in reality between the two countries. '* Priutttd by S. Maucottb, Quebec. N