?8>. 18^. 1^71-^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 S^^ISi I.I 1.25 1.4 .^ 6" - 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation / o V 'sr! < V... % .0- ^. ^ ^ 'nj^ 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEPSVER.N.Y. 14580 (7161 872-4503 ■yy\'h~ «K.O'" r^>* ■.-A*., t ^C5 C/. i ^ %^ CIHM/ICMH Mrcrofiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut canadien de microreproductions historique* 1Qft7 Technical «n!ii's I'tTIXTI.Vii A!«l< N'OVKI.TV CttMI-.t!«V. I.OKIH (9) (i> (i) 1892. Qi Q) d) ^ =i^ AS A ri.ACK OK R KSIDKXCK. lU^SrXKSS, IXVKSTMKXT .St MAXTFACTITRING. m T' Mclion, HE bustling and enterprising City of London, beantifully situated at the forks of the River rhames. ,.o m.Ies west of Niagara Fails, and uo miles east of Detroit, in the mids[ of one of the richest agricultural districts in the world, was founded in ,70, bv ^roZ. '""h ^^'^\"J"^^''-^" :'- '^^ as eminently calculated for the metropoll ot- all Canada, as he was bent on makmg .t; but it was not until .826 that the town was ap.tal of the Domu.on, .t has grown to be one of the most prominent manufacturing and commercal centres m the country, with an annually increasing population of 40.000 people, and .s^the largest inland city in Canada. The national resources of the Wes te" 1 enmsula of Ontario, ot which London is the metropolis, are varied extensive -md prac .cally n.xhaustible. The climate is unsurpassed. The soil, in the main, is unull ; 3.! T,. y.elds large crops of all the cereal grains; besides being well adapted to the groiing of fruhs. Tmber's abundant, and there are .mmense forests of maple, oak. pine, beech and hickory'within easy rtanc Petroleun, „, njexhausfble quantities is being constantly pumped within a few miles of the City and magnificent sat wells are near at hand. London's growth has not been of the " mushroom " o^er' but has been steady and persistent, and its admirable location and exceptional facilities make it one of the best points for capitalists and manufacturers to invest in. Londoi^ as a IlailWiU) C^^ntrc. ooooeooo ^f^iXCKU.ENT transportation facilities for passenj^-ers and frciglit are an important concomitanl of Ipi growth and prosperity in a manufacturing centre. No city without ample and abundant railway iiiti accommodation can hope to attain jjreat and lasting,' commercial importance. Chief among London's advantages is the fact that no city in Canada has the passenger train accommodation that it enjoys, no less than fifty-five regular passenger trains arriving at and leaving it daily, and this number is often largely augmented by excursion and special trains. Neither Toronto nor Montreal can compare with it in this respect. Over one hundred and twenty-five freight trains pull in and out of it every twenty-four hours, giving facilities for the receipt and shipment of freight which are not excelled by any city of its size on the Continent, ft is the divisional point of two of the greatest systems on the Continent and the terminal point of three others. Helow is a list of the railways entering the City, which will show that it is one of the most cntral and best shipping points in the country: The Grand Trunk Railway has just emphasized the confidence it has in I.ondon's future by removing its divisional offices from Hamilton and Stratford, and locating them here. The City is just about midway between Detroit and Niagara Falls on its southern division, and the Sarnia Branch gives it connection for Chicago and the West, via the great St. Clair Tunnel. The St. Mary's Branch connects the southern and northern divisions, these enable shippers to reach all the principal points in the province. The Canadian Pacific, the transcontinental railroad, enters the City by its Ontario Division, paralleling the Grand Trunk between Montreal, Toronto and Detroit. This gives shippers the advantages of competition between these points. This company is now negotiating for a direct line between London and the Falls. It has its divisional offices and shops also in London. 4 The MichiK'an i entn.l Railway comes into London from St. Thomas, and is of immense advantaLa. lo the !< ores' City, ffivinjf direct communication with New York over the Vanderbilt hnes, to which •ystem it also bclonfrs. It connects directly with Chicaj,'o mid the West. The New York, Luke Krie and" Western also runs through the City, which is oi» its direct fine between New York and Chicajfo. via.G. T. R. Its solid vestibuled passenger trains are very popular. The London. Huron and Hriice Railway opens up a rich and important section of country to the north, which daily hrinj>s several luindred shoppers to the City. The City owns a short line running between London and Port Stanley, which gives it alt the advantages of a lake port City. This road has been operated by the G.T.R., but next year the tease expires, when it is proposed to, release it under circumstances which will make it of great importance m regulating freight rates. It is proposed to bring the thousands of tons of coal which !« consumed in the City annually by this route in future, which will save about 50 cents per ton in freight alone. Port Stanley is a very popular summer resort, and every year thousands of excursionists Irom all points ot the United States and Canada flock there. The L. & P S R every season carries several hundred thousand people there, the number increasing annually. The City purpose leasing this road early next year, and there is a fortune in it for the successful tenderer. From another standpoint. London's railways are of immense advantage to It, for they give employment to over 1,300 of its best citizens, ^ and pay monthly in wages about $150,000. This amount will be augmented at an early date, by the enlargement of both the Grand _;^^ Trunk and Canadian Pacific car --hops. London pavs these railwavs^H annually a freight bill of $600,000. ' ' ~"'*° R iclni)om 1 Street. (iMokini! SuHhI. •fl 0istribliting Gentle. THE wholesale trade of London \h of comparatively recent origin, only three wholesale houses being here in 1863, but in the last quarter of a century the City has become an important distributing centre, and now stands third in the nominion. To-day it has scores of wholesale firms, including dry goods, groceries, drugs, boots and shoes, hats and caps, cloth-tig, millinery, crockery and glassware, furniture, wall paper and paints, hardware, leather, fruits, pianos and organs. These are represented by an army of travellers, who are to be found in every city, town and hamlet from Halifax, N. S., to Vancouver, B. C. Some of the finest blocks in the City are devoted to the wholesale trade. The Waterloo Building cost $200,000, the Birrell Building $110,000, and the Granite Block about $100,000. Although the City's development in this respect has gone forward with marvellous rapidity within the last few years, it is as yet only in its beginning, for as its superior transportation facilities, which so eminently fit it as a distributing point, become more widely known, it is bound to grow to still greater proportions. It is estimated that London's wholesale houses represent a business of about $12,000,000, and certainly they are one of the main causes of its growth and prosperity. The retail trade has also kept pace with the City's growth, and some of the finest stores on the Continent are to be found on Dundas and Richmond Streets. All told there are in the neighborhood of 600 retail stores in the City, and others are being constantly added. ' .** f 'v. r- .4 \ ^^Ajii^ ••••• JMaiwifactxjriag Ceatre, ^ Tlunio-h only the sixth City in the Dominion in population, London stands among the first in the diversity and importance of its industries. It has, to-dav, 200 manufacturing establishments employing 7,000 hands, whose weekly wage will run up to $49,000 or more. It is the headquarters of the McClary Company, whose works cover several acres, and who employ about 500 hands in the manufacture of stoves and tinware. Among other large industries, in which hundreds of bancs find a livelihood, are three large furniture factories, two big confectionery concerns, five carriage works, four oil refineries, three breweries, two tanneries, the car shops, two shoe factories, one plate glass works, two ready-made clothing establishments, a casket works, a baby carriage works, three engine works, three agricultural implement and wagon works, a ma.:hine and tool works, five flour and several planing mills, a brush factory, several cigar factories, and many other smaller industries. Tlie value of London's manufactured products per annum is $15,000,000, and the capital invested IS estimated at $75,000,000. With so many railroads focusing on it, bringing all sorts of raw material at minimum cost, the Forest Citv nnrt always be a great manufacturing centre. -3i§^M!S^:s?^^!f-^^ liichinoiul Street. ( /.mkiuKSouih.) Banks and Banking. THAT I.ondon is one of the wealthiest Cities in the countrv i< -. f.. .f =uul s.tis,.eton.y c,e.onst..ted. The ...o.nt of .Z:rd;;:it ri.f:^:^^ ^^ is an.nlalhble .nd.cafon of the wealth of the community. There are six ch-^ ?^^; 1 I v,z : The Hank of Montreal, the Bank of British Nort'h Ame.Tc. h: M u .'' the Canadian Bank of Commerce, the Molsons Bank and H M T i -r ^'^'^'^""^-^ «^'"k, are five Savings Banks, whose combined capi' ■.::lt^ „'; l^;!.!"^""^"- ^^1'^? ''^'^ Post Office Savinos Bank. The deposit account in Tl is v' rv *'°'°"°'°°°' ^\"'^ ="-^ *'- millions. Wise conservatism is the rule amo .• ond n h \ ^ f' ""^"^'"^''''"^ -'-•■-' disasters on the one hand and too .neat ri m-ent ,,7' ^ """■'"'^' '""'"^'^••>' concerns are sound and prosperous, i^ C ^^.d a K U ^? , '"''^'^1: '"' '" '^^"''^' increasing year by year. The inference to be drawn fV.^ i th s t ^l^a ^, '"" ."' .^T"""''""^ ^'^^ most healthful condition and that the community as - v ole s v • n" '" '^'"'''^ ''^ '" " that is a.rther strengthened by the f.ct that; in 1^,,:;; . t ^J^ S;:r mrTT^' '' ^T^"^'"" own their own homes than in any other Canadian citv. Th ofl'er -u H di rT ""■■'^'"■'>^'"- are men of broad views and .^r.at capacity, and .,-;. pri^ t -i ,i ' 'T' '"■'''^"'"'" time, labor and means for the City's material developmr, t " "' '"'^"'"''^ "^ ^'^^^ A CITY FO^ II^VESTMEPS. SOME philosopher has formulated the theory that after the acquisition of money the most difficult task is to save it. And, he might have added, to place it where its earning capacity will be greatest. It is generally acknowledged that no investment is more safe and profitable than real estate if a proper choice be made of location. The city for such investments must have substantial business interests and manufacturing industries and not be dependent upon an ephemera! and unreliable boom. London never has been afflicted with one of these pestilential "booms," but its growth has been steady and well sustained from the day of its incorporation as a city to the present time. Much of this is due to the energy and public spirit of its citizens as well as to Its natural advantages of location and surroundings, added to ample facilities for transportation. Several of the largest railroads on the continent centre here, all of which have important connections. Port Stanley and Lake Erie gives it an excellent harbor near at hand. It is peculiarly a manufacturing city, and certain of its industries are the largest in Canada. Its architecture is modern and imposing! Real estate is steadily advancing in value, but may still be had at reasonable rates. No city in the country offers better inducements to investors, because property is certain to increase in valr.e. Capitalists and others having money to place should turn their attention to London. Free water and exemption from taxation are annually given to those establishing new industries. M '^■•■tt^^^ ■■i%%'.;4 .;V:^ '■■»;*■. •— '*■> ... ^'"SHJHB- ' 1^0 ad 01) W^atci" Works, Ma^Dificeot Sijsten) of Waterworfe. ON DON'S Waterworks are the most complete on the continent, and were constructed in 1878 on a most modern phm, at a cost, with extensions to date of about $650,000. The quality of the water is equalled nowhere, the entire supply being drawn (j(^ from Sprino-bank, which extends over three hundred acres of land. The water is collected into a string of ponds from which it is lifted to the reservoir on the top of Coomb's Hill, nearly 400 feet above the river level and about 200 feet above the highest point in the City, by two powerful hydraulic pumps. Two steam pumps are also provided for em2rgencies. Gravitation is employed in the distribution of the water, and a sufficient pressure is secured to throw it over ^ the highest factories in the City. The reservoir has a capacity of 7,000,000 gallons, and the J I present supply of water can easily be doubled, making a bountiful supply of the purest sparkling spring ^ Vs ^^■'''*^'' ^*-^'' ''"t'l domestic and fire purposes for a city of 100,000 population. Seventy-five miles of mains have already been laid, and are added to annually, with 400 hydrants distributed at convenient distances. The London Waterworks are now more than self-sustaining, and last year a surplus ^■•f ^4'3>34^'50 was handed over to the City Council by the Water Commissioners, so that this has proved ona of the b.-st investments the City has ever made. The Forest City has reason to be proud of its water svstem. JSiiiicoc Street i^cljool. Kducational Facilitiks. — ♦>s+^« ^ .^Z^l- S TO educational advanta^res, London is in the front rank of Canadian cities. The Public School System is in keeping with the general thrift of the City, and affords unexcelled educational facilities to pupils in every walk of life. This includes the ' Collegiate Institute or High School, which stands at the head of those in Ontario, .o-c. . . twenty-one Ward Schools, employing over one hundred and twenty teachers, whose aggregate salaries amount to $75,000. The whole number of pupils registered in the Public Schools, according to the Inspectors last report, was 7.000. Four new schools are to be erected next year. U. m \^\'^;''^''' University, which was chartered a few years ago, is a highly flourishing institution, d vinT r ^^P^*"'"^^."^ .'^^■^ •'^'^"^ °"t ^" ^--"^y "f ^vell trained physicians, and Huron College, its dumty department is famous wherever the Canadian Episcopal Church is known. An Art. sdepartment IS to be established shortly, in affiliation with the Provincial University. of fh/l'' "'^""^"^^^ If dies' College has a continental reputation, and its pupils come from all parts of the American Republic as well as from Canada. seminJ.''' ^!'^' '^ •''•'' P^'^f ^^"'^ "^ ^ high-class business college, two schools of art, a ladies' tr^r T 1% ^^""'"f. ''^°°' ^°' ""'■^'^" ^ ^^■^" ^'^'^'''^ movement is now on foot to establish a with h 7 . ^T" ,' °"' '""'''""' "^^ "'"'^'"^ ^" ■'^^^"'•^ - '-^' -hool for the western district, xvith headquarters at London. Besides those mentioned are several large private schools. •7 The Gaijs," Victoria I'ark. iS ■f- Thrkk Bkautiful Parks. IJIQj^lTHIN recent years London has be^un a system of Public Parks which must soon result in extensive and beautiful pleasure grounds for the recreation of its ?^\ citizens. About 400 acres of land has already been appropriated for this purpose, and it is the intention to lay out another park shortly. Victoria Park is the only wholly artificial one in the City, having been laid out and planted about twelve years ago. It covers over ten acres, and is only three blocks from the business centre of the citv. A large sum is annually expended in beautifying it, and its flower beds, fish ponds, fountains and drives are well cared for. Queen's Park, the home of the great Western Fair, is thickly studded with majestic pines, and has drives and walks, fountains have been erected and trout ponds built, which make it a lovely recreation spot. At one end of it is a half mile track, which is always kept in good order. The largest of the City Parks is at Springbank, stretching for a mile and a half along the river bank and covers an area of over 300 acres. Tne Waterworks ponds supply it with plenty of pure crystal water, and add greatly to its natural beauty, with hundreds of graceful speckled trout flitting to and fro. The City Council has already built a drive through its entire length, and contemplates expending several thousand dollars in beautifying it. It is reached by the river steamers and by the Pipe Line road, and is indeed a most picturesque spot. •q >l'. I'. nils Ca l-licii ral. ahunh oj r.iifiUnui i ^mi90 i ^^^^! fl Clwiirck ©irv! yit^. r^s—^^ <•!( «» S «> «- ^. HKRE are over forty churches in London, and stately and historic structures some of them are. The agj^rej^ate cost of these places of worship is estimated at about $1,000,000, they have a seating capacity of over 25,000, and architecturally will compare with those w of many cities several times larger. St. Peter's Roman Catholic Cathedral on Richmond Street, which was over four years in building, cost $200,000, and with the exception of the ; Notre Dame at Montreal, is the most magnificent religious edifice in the Dominion. St. Paul's Cathedral was erected in 1845, and with the large annex now in course of erection, cost $100,000. Queen's Avenue Methodist Church was built in 1852 and is the most commodious in the City. St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church was erected in 1868 and has a large seating capacity. Tlie churches are divided among the different denominations as follows : Methodists, fourteen, including three missions ; lipiscopals, eight ; Presbyterians, five ; Baptists, three ; Roman Catholics and Congregationalists, two each ; and other denominations, five. The choirs are all good, and that of the Dundas Street Centre Methodist Church, which has about loo voices, has a provincial reputation. The city pastors are devout and energetic, and the happy moral condition of the City is largely due London is verily a city of churches. to their untiring efforts. '■\ '-^M.^V^'i^ .^, . .-'*\ 4* OocciiH Awinic (i.„„hn,>i hMsi). ^^L|gi^ d^^ ^^^^ aif\d Bti\jg) (g) fe)^ fi) fe) ft) x ^ ^ HK ijlory of the I^orest City is its maiifnificont streets, avenues and drives, and every visitor * is always loud in praise of it in this n>spect. To stand on Richmond Street and look up Queen's Avenue, with its several rows of far-branchini^" maples and spreadintf chestnuts, its [VTfT uniform boulevardirij;- and splendid block pavint;-, one obtains a representative view of London's residential streets. Tlie at^i^Teg-ate length of the city streets is about one hundred (0/1 KC^ miles, which throughout are sliaded by noble trees, and are well paved and neatly kept. There ' ^^ seems to be no ditVereiice in tliis respect in the various sections of the city. Streets where mechanics live present as neat and inviting an appearance as those lined with the more pretentious residences of merchants and manufacturers. Outside the city limits the drives are of the most charming and romantic character, one oi' the prettiest being- down the Pipe Line, past VVoodlr.nd Cemetery and Springbank to Byron, five miles distant, where Londoners first went for tlieir mail, and crossing the river back by the river road, past Oakland and Mount Plei.sant Cemeteries, through the suburo of London West and across Kensington Bridge to the city. The scenery is most picturescpie, all along varying and startling contrasts meeting the eye. i In area London is large enough to admit of a garden with e\ cry home ; and altogether — •* there is no more charming- city than it as a place of residence. An electric system ^^5t^ of street niilwav is about to be put in on several of the principal streets. .^"O^^^ ir 'i fsr^Tr;, ■•lK..t'^ -^. 4tf^ I >;i ;i iv" ol ^wi'iDlDC rCO. ' ( -ir. />i,,i.,'„s tni.l /\',, :i;ii.,ii,/ Slifrts) %l^ TKt Board ©f Jradle. (^ /^NK of the most prominent of London's institutions is the Board of Trade, ori^anized in 1857, \ Vri*' and incorporated in 1866, and now having a membership of about 200, embracing the leading- Ik merchants, bankers and manufacturers of the City, it has steadily prospered since its inception, \2) i'li'-l occupies a handsome suite of rooms in the Canadian Loan Building. The objects for whicn it was formed are to foster the trade and commerce of the City ; to protect such trade and commerce from unjust and unlawful exactions, to reform abuses in trade, and to promote a more enlarged and friendlv intercourse between merchants and manufacturers. Any person, firm or corporation whose vocation is directly connected with the commerce, trade or manufactures of the country, transacting business in London, may become a member of the Hoard on payment of a nominal annual fee. Moses Masuret is President, Mr. John Hland, Vice-President, Mr. John A. Nelles, Secretary- Treasurer, and Messrs. John Marshall, Robt. Lewis, W. J. Reid, J. W. Little, Geo. Burns, John Bowman, T. S. Hobbs, A. M. Smith, A. W. Porte, J. S. Pearce, E. A. Clegliorn and Wm. Vates, the council. All are capable and energetic business men, and under their guidance the Board is progressing. €r: ^^ «s 36 <> GoVGrainiGnt Institutioi^s. Y Y y H \l Federal and Provincial (nivornments have both recoi^nized the importance of London ■ bv establishing- here several government institutions, and their buildings are in thorough i; keeping with the grandeur and quaintness of" Canadian architecture. About two miles east of the corporation limits is the Western Asylum for Insane, the grounds surrounding which cover several hundred acres of splendid farming lands, which largely aid in making the institution self sustaining. It is fitted with all the most modern appliances for healing diseases of the brain. Of the number of cases treated, about 75 per cent, are cured. In the north-eastern corner of the City is the barracks of No. i Company of Canadian Infantry, which forms part of the standing colonial army. It is also a school of military instruction, and is doing a good work. The Custom House, on the corner of Richmond Street and Queen's Avenue, is a solid stone building, and its interior during business hours always presents a busy scene. The Post OiTicc is a classic old structure on the opposite corner, and was, until a few years ago, considered the finest in the Dominion. The County Court House and Jail, at the westerly end of Dundas Street, is built in the Klizabethan slvle' of architecture, after Windsor Castle, and is a most historic structure. It was here that seven "rebels" who served under William Lyon Mackenzie sulTered death on the scallold. Chstoii) llodsc. St. Andrew's i>llnii:cl>. ( Pifshyft'n'uii ). jS ^ SocictiGS Ri}d Clubs. ^ A5»7/r^\T//^^7^^^5v- FI>:\V cities are better provided with fraternal Societies than London, and nowhere do they ijrow with f^reater freedom. Pre-eminently, it is a fraternal City. In fact, one of the largest benevolent institutions on the American continent, tiie independent Order oi' l"'oresters, was instituted here about twelve years a-o, and has -rown with such strides that it has High Courts in nearly every slate of the .American union, yielding submission to the Local Supreme Court. The eight Masonic Lodges have a magnificent home'at the corner ol' Richmond and King Streets, which they erected at a cost of $200,000. The Oddfellows are liardly as strong, but their block on Dundas Street is one of tiie architectural beauties of the City. The national Societies— St. George's, St. Andrew's, and the Irish Benevolent -are large and prosperous. The membership of the various Forestric Courts, which number over a dozen, is constantly increasing. All the other popular Orders h:ive a solid footing in the City, and seem to be enjoving' great success. London also has several fine philanthropic institutions, notably the Old People's Home, the Mount Hope and Protestant Orphans' Homes, the City and St. Joseph's Hospitals, the Provincial Insane Asvlum, the Women's Refuge and Infants' Home, aixl other more private institutions. ^'(^J ^ ^)' General Hospital. 30 H OTKLS AND M rXKRAL S PRIXGS. i\/- '^'J^'^ A XV description of London which omitted to mention its Hotels would be most incomplete. f \\ ' Although a City oi' strons^- temperance proclivities, with public men after its own heart, no Citv of its size on the continent has so many line hostelries. The Tccumseh Mouse, which derived its name from the famous Shawnee Warrior, the hero of the Battle of the Thames, was erected just after the completion of the Great Western Railway (now the G. T. R.), and has no equal in the West. The Grii^tj- House, the Richmond, the City Hotel, the Thompson and Hotel Horsman are amonj;- the other leadini;- hotels, and are also conducted on modern principles. In connection with the Tecumseh, is the famous White Sulphur Sprin.^-s, whose curati\e qualities have now a continental reputation, and their popularity is f^rowins^- e\ery year. The various analyses showed that while the water is as clear as crystal and sparkles like champai^ne in the sun, it is rich in sulphates and carbonates of lime and magnesia, the constituents of bone in the human Irame ; in chlorides of sodium and potassium, the nerve restorers ; and in silica, lithium, and other properties that are most valuable in reinvigorating the debilitated, enriching the blood and generally restoring the constitution of the enfeebled. Josiph C. Jmlil, llivrKC Shaw, K. I'lnu-ll, .ir. WATMK co.mmissioxi-:ks. \Vili;.M,i Jonr W. M. .SpiMUlT, C Ii.i'rni.in. .\. H. I'mul Clerk, Tri-'isui'iT, l-ai^lnoiT, Si>lii'ltors, 0KFIC]<:KS of Till-: COKrOKATK>X. I t'h.irU's .\. Kliijjf^ion, ,M..\, John I'opi'. .\i|n:i.i O. f.r.ailon, CI.. ( Willi.im R. .MriT.liih, O.C. I Thomas O. .Moroailh. " Mfihoil Health OniL-.f, .\ssossnu'nt C MmnissionvT, (.'hii'f ol' l''lri' Dipirlmfnl, l.'lii,-P' ol I'oIk-o, I'uhlif Sclio.'l Inspi'cti r, T, \". llntdllnson, M.I), SirphoM Ur.iMI. - John .\, R.io. \V, T. r. Willrims. N\'m. J. Carson. •|-1k- M ison ii ; 1 1 ) 1 ' 1 c .