^, IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^.^ ' ""^ ^ 1.0 i.l llAil2.8 m m 111 115 12.2 il 12.0 u niii^^B 1 1.25 11.4 1.6 ^ 6" ^ V] '/ /A Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716)873-4503 CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Taohnloal and Bibliographic Notas/Notaa tachniquaa at bibliooraphiquaa Th« Inatituta hca attamptad to obtain tha baat oiiglnai copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographlcally uniqua, wlilch may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction. or which may aignificantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. D D D n D D Colourad covara/ Couvartura da coulaur I I Covara damagad/ Couvartura andommag^a Covara rastorad and/or iaminatad/ Couvartura rastaurAa at/ou paiiiculAa |~~1 Covar titia missing/ La titra da couvartura manqua I I Colourad maps/ Cartes giographiquas an coulaur Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua biaua ou noira) n~1 Colourad piatas and/or illustrations/ Planchas at/ou illustrations an coulaur Bound with othar material/ Reli6 avac d'autras documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serr6e peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion la long de la marge intArieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajoutAas lore d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela 6tait possible, ces pages n'ont pas AtA fiimiss. Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplAmentaires; L'Instttut a microfilmi la malllaur axemplaira qu'll iul a «t4 poaalbia de se procurer. Lea details da cat axemplaira qui aont paut-Atre unlquaa du point de vue bibliographlqua. qui peuvant modifier una image reprodulte, ou qui pauv nt axigar una modification dana la m4thoda normala da filmaga aont indiquia ci-daaaoua. r~n Coloured pages/ Pagea da coulaur Pages damaged/ Pages endommagAea Pages rastorad and/oi Pages restauriaa at/ou paliiculAas Pages diacolourad, stained or foxe< Pages dicoiories. tachatAea ou piquAas Pages detached/ Pages dAtachAes Showthrough/ Tranaparanca Quality of prir Quality InAgaia de I'impreaalon Includes supplementary matarii Comprend du material supplAmantaira Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponlble r~n Pages damaged/ r~n Pages rastorad and/or laminated/ FyT Pages diacolourad, stained or foxed/ I I Pages detached/ rr>^Showthrough/ L_J I I Quality of print varies/ I I Includes supplementary material/ [~n Only edition available/ The to tl The posi of tl film Orig begi the sion othfl first sion or il The shal TINi whk Map diffe entii begi right requ metl Pages wholly or partially obacurad by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Lea pages totalament ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, una pelure, etc., ont 4tA filmies A nouveau de fa^on A obtenir la meilleure image possible. This Item Is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film6 au tauK de rMuction indiqu6 ci-dessous 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X y 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X The copy filmsd hare has baan raproducad thanka to tha ganaroaity of: National Library of Canada L'axamplaira fllmA fut raproduit grAca k la g4nAroaiti da: BibliothAqua nationala du Canada Tha imagas appearing hara ara tha baat quality possibia considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in Iceeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies In printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or Illustrated Impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illuatratad Impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol •-^> (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever appliaa. Lea imagas sulvantea ont *t4 reprodultes avac la plus grand soin, compta tenu de la condition at da la natteti de I'exemplaire film*, et en conformity avac las conditions du contrat da filmage. Lea exemplalras orlginaux dont la couverture en papier est Imprlmte sont filmAs en commen9ant par la premier plat at en terminant soit par ia darnlAre page qui comporte une empreinta d'Impresslon ou d'illustration, soit par la second plat, salon la cas. Tous las autres exemplaires orlginaux sont fllmte en commenpant par ia pramlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'Impresslon ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernlAre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles sulvants apparattra sur la darnlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols —^ signlfie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signlfie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams Illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmAs A des taux de reduction diff Arents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul cllch6, II est film* A partir de Tangle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'Images nAcessaire. Lea diagram mes sulvants lllustrant la mAthoda. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 POUTIIAIT OF I'KINCK ItUI'RRT. From the Original in Hudgon'g Bay Uome, London. \)^- \ 8 I Hn I \ I THE HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY'S LAND TENURES AND run OCCUPATION OF ASSINIBOIA BV LORD SELKIRK'S SETTLERS, WITH A LIST OF GEANTEES UNDER THE EARL AND THE COMPANY. nv ARCHER MARTIN, Esq., KAKRISTER-AT-LAW (OF TiIB CANADIAN BAK). LONDON: WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS. LIMITED, 27, FLKET STREET. 1898. i 46(127 rilARINd nROdi, :i 127 PUEFACK. ■«••- VVirir.K tho hiMio^naphy of Manitoba \h far moro oxtonHivo tlmn many imagine, yet in no work on that province can any information, other than tho most meagre, be obtained in rogarf tho (Jovinicr of AsHinilioia in 1H22; second, liy tlio i •inning of the Iiouk' of tho Homan Catholic Binhop of St. Boniface, with all itH archivcH, in IHGl ; and, third, by the Half-BrccdH during tho occupation of Fort (Jarry by Loui.s Riid in the Red River Rebellion of l^W 70. Tho hiHtory of the lands of a people is necessarily to a very great e>tent the history of the pcojde itself, .so, in dealing with tho lands of Red River I have given, not only the various clas-ses of settlers who came to Assiniboia, but, as far as posssible, their names and the actual allotments they occupied. With this end in view was prepared, not a little laboriously, a complete index to all the grantees of huids at Rod Uivcr from the earliest times to 1870, tho year of tho transfer of Rupert's Land to Canada. This index also gives the numbers of the lots they occupied, thus enabling the descendants of any settlor to a.scortain accurately the lands granted to him. It has been my aim, in discussing the legal ({uestions which fre(|ucntly arise, to do so in a popular manner as far as possible, and the illustrations have boon added as a further means by which to bring the work within the range of tho general reader, as well as that of the historical and legal student. In the Appendix will be four.d collected all the documents, many for the tirst time printed, which will be of practical * Vi who Iiiim t«> iiniuiiii into lliu i|ttoMiion of UuuU lit \U«\ Hivor, iVom tlm pitiut of viuw of tho liiwyor, th<; oliiiiiiuiit, <>i iliu ({unoAtogiMi. No otui in inoio awaro than I that tl»o Hold opun to mucH It tMK)k M this In voiy liriilt(«| ; hut whoii tho country ({rows oliUsr, if the renult of my olfttrtn cornoH to ho H';^'nnlnil us a conxciontious contrihiition to tho history of Manitoba, I sliult bo iiioio tl»nn ropaiil, iiml shall roj^anl my rosldonco of over eleven yoars in that provinco aH not in vain. I am awaro that I iniiHt hav(< made some mistakos in tho courHO of my work, and I shall ostoom it a favour if any ono will point thorn out, so that I may correct them, Mhuuld tlio opportunity ollnr, in a HubHocjUont edition. In my roHoarchos much asHistance was roceivod from many persons montione< I in the text, hut my thanks in particular are duo to C. 0. Chipman, Vjh([., Commissioner of tho Hudson's Bay Company; to W. E. Macjira, Ksq,, Barristor-at-law, Inspector of Land Titles OlHcos, Winnipeg ; to 11. A. Kuttiin, Ks(|.,of tho Dominion Lands Commission, VVinuipog, and to.Iamus Taylor, Ks(i., of I'linci' Albert, N. W. T. AKCIIKU MAUTIN. VicTOBiA, B.C., Canaka, May, 1898. r NoTK IIY TllK rUULIHIIEHS. I'liKM 11 viiiiity 111 iiiiloruHOon oftiiMCH tlio |>iililictttion of tlilt« l»ot»k hurt Ikjoii iloluyctl beyorul the timn oHnirmlly t'oriloni|)latcoift" ... ... ... H Hiiltm to Ri)ttluni ... ... .,. ... ... ... Kriu) ((nuita to thu wkiiiu ... ... ... ... ... 10 Kxtiii({ui«hiiiunt of liidiHii titlu ... ... ... ... I'-' liord Hulk iri<'ii uxoontoni ami thu Colony ... ... ... 14 CHAPTEH 11. Or rtiK I'oHNKMHiu.N or .Vhhimhoia nv thk lit d-hon'm ii.vv Company. Thu taking ovur of thu Colony by thu Coinptuiy ... Kvidenuu an to datu of nuniu Hurmidur of llupurt'n Lund to Cunndii ... " Tunas and uonditiuna " thuruof ... 15 IH I!' JO CHAITEU 111. Of XUK Allot -BNT or Lanuh by Lord Helkikk to iiw Skttlkus ANU THE EhTATKS ORANTKI) thbm tiiekkin. Dirticultiott of invoskkgation ciiused by destruction of docuinentB .. Lord Sulkirk'H intontions as rugards allotinunt of land Particular lots granted Ucotoh suttlurs ... Thu De Meuron and Wattovillu settlers ... ... The Olengarry FuncibluH ... ... ••• ... .• 21 22 23 24 25 20 r ■'\ viU CONTENTS. Tho French Ciiiiiuliim settlors ... ... Suttlers lit I'einbinii HwisH settlors Emi)l(iyoo8 of tho Coinitany iis sottlorH Prof. Himl of tlio Ctmivdiiui Exploring Expedition ; his search for dociiinonts ... Tho Colony Rogister ; aystom of recording grants Kiirni of Company's contract of sorvico and remarks on Ijord Holkirk's grant to Roman Catholic Mission (iovornors of Asainiboia as tho agents of Lord Selkirk's executorH Sale of Fort Douglas to Robert Logan ... Tho Statute of Frauds not in ft)rco in Rupert's Land Liuid " CertHicatos " ol' (lovornor Simpson Leaseholds in Assiniboia ... Mr, ll.dkett's visit to Assiniboia Terms under which lands were sold to settlers Agreements auvdo with settlors by (Jovornor Bulger (iovenior Bulger and tho lands .)f the Roman Catholic Mission Deductions as to nature of tenure ... ... ... I'Anr. 27 28 30 30 32 33 34 46 47 48 61 GO W) 01 4>2 <33 CHAPTER IV. ' TUK EsTATKS (iUANTKU BY THE HimsON'fS BaY CoMl'ANY IN AhSINI- llOIA, AND THE RecOONITION BY THE COMl'ANY ANU CANADA OF THE Claims ok Lord Selkikk's Settlers. Natiire of the estates granted by tho Company Evidence of Sir (loorge Simjjson and Mr. Isbistor in that regard (fovenior CivldwoU's statement Early land cases in tho Courts of Assiniboia Mr. McTavisli on the custom of the Company ... Mr. Brydges (Commissioner of the Company) on the same Agreement produced by him ... Chief Factor Finlayson's certificate Tho Company's Lease for 1000 ^oars, and form of Strange anomalies in example given The out-pensioners from Chelsea Hospital Pensioners' allotments at Fort Garry, and nature of tenure . . . Recognition of Lord Selkirk's grants by Company Canada's recognition of Company's grants ... The Manitoba Act ... Errors of Canada in granting patents Present polic V of Canada in regard to ... Ettbct of patent on title ... Hay privileges of settlers 66 65 66 66 68 69 09 70 71 72 76 76 83 84 84 86 88 90 90 1^ t IK 7 K 'J i CONTENTS. Autiuii of CHiinda in rogard t Ouinmisaum to iiKiuiro into, niul report of Settlors rocoivo patoiits for hay lands, or scrip in coninuiUtion thorofor Deductions as to nature of Company's tenures ... CHAPTER V. Ok tiik Indian Titlk ano IlALK-BuKKn Claims. Troaty witli Lord Selkirk, and map of United States' view of aboriginal rights Canada's view of same Privy C'^'»-'~^'-; il' ii n CORRIGENDA. I'aRo 11. note (u), ailil, llistonj of Manitoba, DnnaUl (iuiin, pp. 200-1. Pago 27, note (.ss), for *' 9 " read " 13." Pago 52, lino 21, delete "099 and," \ THE HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY'S LAND TEN- URES, AND THE OCCUPATION OF ASSINIBOIA BY LORD SEL- KIRK'S SETTLERS. cniAITER I. Of the Grant ok Ahhinihoia to thk Earl o» Sbleirx BY tub Hudson's Bay Company.* While the origin and corninurcial progreoH of the ITikIhoii'h Bay (yonipaiiy, the last of the old EiigliHh churturcMl corporatioiiH, have received homio attention from the pen of the liiHtorian, and while itu HtruggleH, proHper- itica and adverHitioH have been more or leHS faithfully recorded, atid the charm of romance thrown round its operations in the barter of its costly furs, yet its lands— the most enduring of all poHsessioiiH — their actual occupa- tion, method of allotment and form of tenure, have attracted but scatit attention and present almost a new field, and not a lean one, to the inquirer into one of the most inter- esting phases of the history of Manitoba. This subject differs from the purely historical in that it is a thoroughly ]>ractical one — a live issue of the day — and of considerable interest, pecuniary in some cases, to those who came to the District of Assiniboia under the auspices of Lord Selkirk or the Company. As an illustration of this assertion, if such were needed, it is only necessary to refer to the proceedingn before our courts of law. Quite lately the question as to whether or not the law of primogeniture *Thi8 chapter was read before the Historical and Scientific Society of Manitoba, at Winnipeg, on December 1st, 1KU2. I t THI HCDiON M MAT WAM in fon;e in Manitoba prior to it* Trinnfor to (?An»ilii in 1870, w»i« Ijoforo thy jud^o* o*' '*'«' Qih'»"|''« M«Htttty tilt' Dominion Govornmunt to tho repronontativeit of Rod River MottierH have l)e«n granted in error, and wliy might not Hiich a miHtulce tiave (K>currei>n made liy tlieOown iu un open Hecret among the legal prof«Mriioii, and that tlie otHfialH of the Manitoba Land TitleH OtHoeH realize the importance of the qucMtion iit evidenced i)y the fact ttiat, going behind tlie ('rown grant they procure from Ottawa the paperH and do(;umentH on which the patent waM granted, and, quite inde[>endent of the inveHtigatiouH of tlte Crown oiHcerH there, subject the evidenceit of title to the mo«t rigorouH Hcrutiny. Kven im»w " uneaHy lie the headH" of many landownerH in one of the moHt valuable roHidonue portiouH of Winnipeg, Fort Kii of tli(> nthvr t'liiirtcrM {r) ot the Aiu(*ri(-uii pluiitatidiiM or oolonutN I'ontiriiiH lltu writ(«r in tint holict' tliiit t\wy wort) not inconiUtont with thu ugo in wliii li the gruiitM woru iniult% in t'uot wuru rocognixiul MM tt priTogiitivit of thu (*rown. And thoru i* uIho tliirt further cin iniiHtanco of no littlo MJKnitiuttncr tliut whilt* in nuiny cuneH thi* f(runtoi>H of tht) othor Anicritun cliurtiM'H vv<>r(' |)4>()plt> of Hrnull conHiMj^uunco and |>r('Hiinwii>ly littlo iiiliiiciicc, in HoiiKt cHHi'H iippun'titiy of tioiic, nof won u City l; the proprit'torH, yet tlioH4> of tlit* Way ('oinpiiny iiicttidrd pt-rHoiiii^oH of tho vt>ry lii^hcHt rutil<, tt rrin«'t< of till* Itlood front witotii tlio pluntution (U'rivt>ad of tlioni, and it ii ■nrcly not iinrimHonaldo tt) anHunio that in Hindi a (iihu thu Rovcrt'ign meant to clotiic nnch royal "adventiiri'rH" with the very u;ri'ati«Ht powurH lio ooiild l»y «xcri;iHii of liin pro- rogativ«> in tliat (xduilf. TiioHc conipanifH l>oro Hirniliur namoH to tiio full tuime of tlu' lIuilHon'H Ihiy Company. Kor iiiHtatu'c, that of Virginia, 'indur itH Hocond (hartcr, was Htyh-*! the " Troa- Huror and (/ompany of AtlventurerH and IManturs for the (Tity of London, for the flrHt colony in Virginia" ; tliat of MaHHaciinHettH IJay : "The (Jovcrnor and (>on»punie of tlio MawHaeiiuHettH Hay in Now Kngland" ; tiuit of (yOiine i'lantations, in New VA\g- land, in Anjorica" ; another *' The Trusteee for eHtahliMhing the "olony of Georgia in America"; and ho forth. The Maryland Cluirter, 1682, of ClnirleH I to Lord Baltimore, was most rc^murkahle in its amplitude, going even to the extent of empowering the grantee to invest the inliahitants (c) n^Chartcin of the Old EnKllnh ColonicH in Anipricn. By Samuel Lucafl, Ehij., of tlu- Inner Tomplc, BarriHter-ut-luw, lAjnilun, 186U. ! U 4 THM llltMON'll NAY ** with wli.a tltli>i« nn«l iiif(nUii*M MH>vi>r um hi< mIiiiII tliiiik tit (no tli««1 in Kii)(liin)l)," Htul ton liiM«ir vi»»i \i'nt» min tlmt of the litiv (!oiii|»iiriy. IIIm MoviTi'ixii iippKiiKMl |iiirtiriiliirl} «li«Mir- ou« of (joiiig lioinMir to lionl Hultirnortt for w<« tliid thin quaint fX|»r(*Ni«ioii : *' Now, tliHt tho Nuid coiintr} tliint hy •' III! |(riint(*niirr ; iM out. of tli«> fulillOriH •♦of our royiil powor uikI pn-m^utivr wo do for um our *' hoirM uiid HUceoNHorM oroct uiid iiit'orporuto tliotii into u *' proviiii'o, und do cull it Vfuryluiid, and mo from licncoforth "wo will have it calUd." I'onn rotoivod u Hoinowhat Nitnilar honour in tliu tuMo of liiH ^runt, but not in Hucb H(»undin^ torniK, tliouj
  • fionH horohy gruntod." The three Virginia churtorH woro hold of tho Hunio inunor and by tho name tenure, puying u fifth purt of tho gold and silver und, origiiuilly, one fiftt>enth of the copper; ho were MuHSuehuHotts (iBt und 2nd churtorH), Connecticut and Khode iHlund, while those of Murylund und Pennsylvuniu f ll / COMPANY 8 LAND TENUHK8. / were held "ub of otir Cawtlo of WiiulHor in our (bounty of Borkrt," tliut of Murylaiul ut "two Iiidiiui urrovvH of those parts" in addition to the tiftli part of the gold and hilvor, and in Penn's charter two beaver skins took the place of the arrowH, but, dithering in thin respect from our Company's charter, they were to be delivered at Windi.or Castle be- fore tlie first of January ; Georgia's ''Trustees" lield their cliarter '1732) "as of our manor of Hampton Court in our county of Middlesex " likewise in free and common soccage at "the sum of four shillings for every hundred acrca of the said lands which the naid corporation shall grant, dtmiise, plant or settle, the said payment not to commence or be made until ten years after such grant demise plant- ing or settling." The Company, then, being "the true and absolute Lords and Proprietors of Rupert's Land, in free and common soc- cage," on the l*2th day of June, 1811, "granted, aliened, piifeotfed and confirmed " unto the Right Honourable Thomas Earl of Selkirk, his heirs and assigns forever, all that tract of land or territory, comprising about 116,000 square miles, bounded by an imaginary line ruiming as follows, that is to say : Beginning on the weHtern hIkiiv of I^ike Winnipie, otherwise Winnipeg, ut a point in iifty-two degrecn and thirty minutes north latitude, thence running due went to the Lake WinnepigooH, otherwise called Little Win- nipeg, then in a southerly direction through the said Lake so as to strike its western shore in latitude fifty-two degrees north, tlien due west to the place where the parallel of tifty-two degrees north latitude intersects the western branch of Red River, otherwise called Aesiniboine River, then due south from that [wint of intersection to the Height of Land which sejjarates the waters running into Hudson's Bay from those of the Missouri and MissiHsij)pi, then in an easterly direction along the said Height of I^and to the source of the River Winnipie or Winnipeg (meaning by such last mentioned River, the principal branch of the waters which unite in liake Saginagus), then along the main stream of the waters and the mid- dle of the several lakes through which they flow to the mouth of the Winnipeg River and thence in a northerly direction through the middle of Lake Winnipie to the place of beginning. - 'XJfSVi'OodB Roinj I Lake J^rasji 7*C v* .1 '^ »0 \WhijCefl^ ■I I 1 I '<=tofl I «^ 4 ^ 00 J I 47? MAP OF THE DISTRICT OF A Extracted from Begister I !& •« H^ 1 ^ I ^ 1 THE DISTRICT OF ASSINIBOIA, 1811. Extracted from Begister " A" 6 THK HUDSON S HAY If An Inijiorfaiit roHorvutiou in favour of the grantors was made in tliu tollowing (;lauHo : Saviiijf luid n'Hi'rviti},' iii'v«'rtlu'lfHM to the fiiid (frnor iinti C'ompany und tlu'ir hucci'smoih all rii/liln <>/ juriHdUiioit wliutHOi-vt-r xiuijUhI to waid company l)y tlu'ir chartor. This is why the governors of Assniihoia received their commissions from the (Jom[)any and not from Lord Selicirk. One tenth of the said tract was to he sot out hy the Earl, at the recjuest of the Company " to the use of such person or persons, heing or having hcen in the service or employ of tlie said (lovernor and Company for a term not less t !ian three years immediately preceding the date and execution of any direction or appointment to he made hy the said Governor and Company and their successors under this present power, in such parts, shares, and portions arid for such estates and interests as the said Governor and Company .... shall from time to time .... direct or appoint. Nevertheless, so that no person taking uhder any such direction or appointment and heing under iho rank or degree of Master of a trading post, shall he or hecome entitled to any greater part share or proportion than two hundred acres, nor any person of the rank or degree of Master of a trading post any greater part, share or proportion than one thousand acres.'' Then follow certain conditions to he performed on behalf of the Earl, in default of which, after due notice on the part of the Company and three years subsequent neglect to perform on the part of the grantee, it would be lawful for the Company to revoke the grant, but even in this case "subject and without projuvlice to any such grant as shall have been previously made by the said Earl, his heirs or assigns to or in favour of any person or persons, so as upon the land comprised in any such grant there be actual settlers to the amount of one family for every five thou- sand acres." ^e^- COMI'ANY S FiAND TKNIIRKS. It irt not, hf)\VGVer, tiectiHrtury to further iiotico thtjcocon- (litidiirt for tlioru ih no evidence whutcver that the CJoinpuny ever required ihf Kail to perform tliein, in fact from 8ub- rtt'(jnent oecureneeH the presumption is tljo other way. Any (iMc wishinj; to refer to the decul will find it printed in full in tiielJfith Transaetion of thisso^-iety (*/). It is to he regret- ted th.it while Mr. .lames Taylor, who furnished the eopy of the deed from whirh this Transation was printed, took the late Governor Morris to tusk for suppressing parts of the ahovo deed and a nuip in his "Treaties of the Indians," pp. 14, «{00-l-2, yet he did not furnish to the Soeiety, so far as appears from the Transaction, the souree from wliich he derived the document wliich lie stated was a copy of the original deed. The fact is the more unfortuiuite as it is most important that we should he certain that the document printed hy the Society as being a copy of the deed is truly a copy, [t may he fairly presumed that the original is at the Company's head ofHce in London with the rest of the title deeds, as it was in all likelihood returned by Lord Selkirk's executors when the Company resumed possession of his estate at Red River. In August, 1812, Miles McDonnell, formerly captain in His Majesty's Re'ijiment of Royal Canadian Volunteers, who had in June, 1811, been appointed by the Company as Governor of the District of Assiniboia (e), the name bestowed on the territory, and by Lord Selkirk as his agent and sujjerintendent, arrived at Red River and took possession of ihe lands in the name of hiw master (/). He, " on or about the 4th of September ensuing, caused the grant " of the Territory by the Hudson's Bay Company to the " Earl of Selkirk to be read, together with his own com- (j)cndix 13. — Mr. Taylor subsequently ex- plained to the writer that his copy was extracted from Colony K'^gister A. (e) Statement re^i)ectini,' K. of Selkirk's settlement, 1817, p. 3. Par- liamentary Report, 1811), p. 14"). (/) Parliumentury Report, 181'J, p. lo4. 8 THR ItrDHON^ DAY *' iniHHion ii* Govcriutr, at n itiiltlic iiioctin^ nillcMl by liitii •' tor that piirjioHi'," ut wliicli tinio ami place alno, uiid i\n Lonl Si'lkirk'K attorney an providml in the deed, roooivin^ at tin- hands of William I''l"'i'r, acting on luhalf of I In- Company, tormal and poaccaldc poHHt^Hrtion of the hct'oru iiu'iitionod lan, for the appointment of a governor, a council, and two slieritls, tiie judicial district is described tube such portion of Lord Selkirk's original grant us may be within Ilcr Majesty's donnnions; whereas in the local regulations of 1841, the municipal district is limited to a circle ot a liundrcd miles in diameter, with the Forks as a centre. * Of the judicial district thus defined, the rnutncipal district forms hardly an cightli jiart and it would have been nniinfestly absurd and preposterous to extend our local regulations over so wide and wild a surface." While all tlie nllotmentaofLord Selkirk or his executors were comprised within the municipal district, yet jtossibly son)2 of the later grants of the Con)iiany were outside of it. It will be observed that a portion of the Karl's donuiin lay within the territory of the Uii'ted States, and his grant was in()peraliv(> to that extent. The error arose from ignorance as to the internatiomd boundary, the exact k)cation of wliich was not established till many years after, when Fort Daer (Pembina), which was found to be beyond it, had to be abandoned. (g) Churyi' to thi* Gnimi Jury oi" Ass^inibuiu ; 20 l-t'l). 1845 ; London, 1848. company's land tknures. Tt \n only retiiomible to nHfliimo that Governor McDon- TX'II ttt oii(!<( iiIlotttMl to tlio Ht'ttlorn who ncH'ompiiniod him thoir r .ijxM'tivo huKU and [)urHU«Ml th(j buiuo c(»iirHt« townnls thoHo who oaiiu; hitor ; in fact, \w HtutoH that "the oini^ranttt that arrived luwt from SiithorhindHhiro, after Hooing the country anr: Tuki' lutticf, TliHt 1>> til" Hinhiirity iirxt m. tli»> U'lmlf of i/tmr laml- Itml, the KiKlit Iluinniralilc 'riioiiiuH Karl of S«'lkirk, 1 n'tniH«'M you now y Ht tlif Forkw of tin* Ht'«l Uivi'r, witliin nix calendar niontliN from the diilr lirnof. (iivon undiT my luinnH>nt thiH 2lHt day of (ktoU^r, 1814. iS^d) Mil. KM M«'I)0NNKI.L. {k) The North-Went ('(tiiipuiiy rctuHi'd to rt'iiogiiizt) thiH cliiiiii to tlu>Hoil uik'. tlu> (iitt'uroiiceH l)otwut>ii tho coiiipuniog soon tcriniimtud in opon viclutiru, ri'Hultiii^ uvuiituully in tlio (h>j)l()rul)l(' iiinHHjioro of Seven OalcH on tlune 19tli, 1H16. l)urinji^ thcHo conflictH the Hottlern wore t'recjnently ndix 2. Rep. 1810, p. U4. (m) Ked Kiver, p. 2. company'r land tknukhm. 11 \uf( to till) conditioiiH laid down in tltu deod uf fuufl'inont >;^riitit«>d Ity the IliidHotrH Hity C^otnpuny to the Karl. Tlu'H*' l«)tM worn thu ou\y j'rif landH gniiifod to e.migmntH in i\w »M»lony. Tliey liud lately been nurvoycd and innrkfd oft' by Mr. (I'utor) F'idltir, on tlu> left bunk of the river, and two of them (NoH. Jl and 4) were d»!Mi^tnit<'d by bin Lord- Hhip aH the HiteH rcHpectively of a ehiireh and nehool for the colony. ' Hero,' Huid Iiih TiordHhip, — pointing to the lot No. 4, on whieh the company Htoo«l — 'hero, you hImiII build your chiindi, (/t) and that lot,' Haid hea^ain, pointing to tho next, being No. 8, 'is for a Hchool.' Hetwoen tho church and Hchool lotH there ruiiH a Houill rivulet, called tho Pur- Honago Croek."(o) RoHH alflo HtatoH (/)) : Tlic lotH nllinlcd to, an tlw fliK'tiiiiont (7) infortiiB um, nnt' Hoiith side or hnul of tJie iwdnt ; "and lot No. 24 cnilin^ at Fro^ I'lain. Karli lot luiH a front of 10 cliainH, or 220 ynnlH, a littU' i'ior«> or 1»'mm, a'ong tlit> Haid main liiu', except lot No. 12, wliicli lian only 5 cliainH. TIk> fl»'H to tli«( main line, and are marked offtowardH the river by lin»'H of HtakeH. Kft«!h lot Ih to extt'n KnjfliHh ntatute acn-H, In'Miden which, each lot Ih to have a He|»arate piece of woodland, containing; 10 statute acrt'H, to be laid off on tho eaHt Hide of till riv«'r, at any place which the Karl of Selkirk or Iuh ajjent shall oonnider an moHt Huitjible for the purpow. Thew? 10 acres are to Ite pre- served by the occupier an wiHjd-lund, and not to be uned for any other ptir|iow. Till thin W(K)d-lan|l|MMlit4> Millt> ilflhi' rivor. In <'itM< of till- IiukIn on tli«> i>|)|Mwlti< Hiili> iif thi' riv4*r U'intt luid nut in IhIh for M*tlli'- nti-nt, till' M'ttl«>rH in |NNn of llit* iifori-»>Hiil '.'I lotx, Nlmll liuvf llic lint otFrr of piircliuninK tlii> lotM op|MMtlli' In their ciwn, ftn i1Ih|ir nitf lo miy xtrunK«>r. In i'onKiir IiukIm, lN>fori' they worn ilrivon iiwiiy from thfin lufvi*U-<| ulwayx, that iin mnui iim tl>«*y liHvt* th«> nifuiiN, they hIiiiII |>iiy tin- lii'htM whirh thi'y ow«* to th<< Karl of Hi'llcirk, or lo the iliulHon'H Hay ('oni|>atiy, for ko*>*I>* or provinionM Hit|>- plifil to them, or tor otiit-r tnM-M ini'nrrr(i a ttviity with thu IiidiaiiH liy which thoir titlo to that part of tho hiiid occupiod hy thu ('oh)niHtH wa8 oxtitiguiHhud. IloHM (r) ^'ivc'H tho full text of the treaty tiM follovvH : Thin Imlentnre, inaventh year of til" ni>;n of (»iir ''overei^n l/oni, KinK***'"rKe the ThinI, atxl in the year of our I>orway or Saulteaux Nation, and of the KilliHtino or Crc« Nation, on the one part, and the Ki^ht llonoiiralile ThotnaH Karl of H<*U kirk on the other part. Wrrsi'j^MK'rM.that for and in (onnideratiou of tho annual prenent or ipiit-rent hen'inafter mentioned, the naid ('hiefn have (liven, urat led, and contirnied, and do hy thene itrenentN ^ive, Kfimt and lonflrm unto our Soverei^^n l/)rd the Kin^, ail that tract of land adja- cent to lied Hiverand AHHiniltoine Itiver, iM-^innin^' at the mouth of the Red Hiver, and extendinu alon^ the name an far an the (irand KorkH ut the month of Hed Ijike Itiver, and alon^ AHhinilH>ine Kiver an far aH Munk-rat River, otherwiw talle«l Riviere di'H C'hampiKnonM, and extend- ing to the dintanee of Mix inileH from Fort DoukIux (the tIrMt colony furt) on every Hide, anack from tho bankH of tho Haid rivent, on each Hide, toj^othor with all the appurtenancoH whatwK'ver of tho naid tract of land, to have and to hold for over tho naid tract of land, and ap- purtenancoH, to tho UHo of tho wiid Karl of Selkirk, and of tho Mottlors being oHtahliHliod theroon with tin- connent ami |M'rmiHHion ofourSovoro- ign Lord the King, or of the naid t^arl of Selkirk. Trovidod alwayH, and 0(^)MPANY'm l.ktib TMNirRM. 11 liw "if M'tlll' • ' llr»t .1 In* il.'..'.|. , l...ril »( tll«« won* iM tli«'y I'llll of IH Htlp- «• |ir«rilM nn* iiiiiU*r Uw i>x|tn>iw (■•iiKtltton, tlmt tlio awi'l VAtl, lilii h»lni,»iiMM)ni, or tlii'lr n^fUtn, ttUnW Miiiiiinlly |iay Ik thi> ClilffH Mil Wurrlori) of llu* (!hk|>|M>wiiy or Siiiltcuiix Nation Ui« |>n>M«tit, or i|iilt- fwnl, i•* huiKlnNl |HiiiiiiU w<i>n-hkiiliil)|« t<-(i«(iH>, to >N> iii>llvi>n>*l on or Itcfon' llir tenth i|«y of (K'tolN«< Mution h like |in>M-nl, or t|uit-ri(l |ioiinn'<| to tlii>ni on or lN liMnkii of AMKiiiilMiInf) IliviT I'ntvldinl ulwuyN tliiil tlit< lruMti>> till' liiiiilM wliifh llii mIiuII Im> known. " In witni'MM wh«>nfM ufori'Miild huvit wl lliflr niiirkx ttt th* fbrkN of ilfil Uivor, on tho lUy ufon'Mulii. (HlKn«'«l) "Hki.kihk." Hittncil In till* |in>wnn>orTlioiiiaK ThoniuM ; .Ihiih'm Mini ; K. Miitthcy, OHptnln ; I'. D'OrMoiini'iiH, (Ji|iluin ; Mil<>N Muidonni'll ; J \Mr. C'lir.ilo IjoriiiiiiT ; biiilH Nolin, liiliTpn-tiT ; and tlii' following iliu-fH, omli of whom um hJM murk, >M Sonnunt). Mk« nrnKWiKoNAiK (U RoIm- N(»in<)- I'lCdowiN. Ol'iHIIIOAT (l'n>mi«'r, tilluM (inin(li>N ()n>ltU>H). Kaya.mkkkmiknoa (I/homniH Noir). it iH ulltigcd that tlu) iiicuiiiMg of tlie diHtatieo nf two statute ntiloH inoiitionud in tlut iiMl($iitiin< wuh coiivuyud to tho IiuliiuiH by stating that tlioy gnintud to the "Silver Ohief" — l^)rd Holkirk — mo nuu-h lund hack from the river aH there would bo at the farthest dirttance therefrom at which you could diHtinctly boo a horao on the level prairie, or daylight under bin belly between bis logs. It is open to doubt whether the treaty ho concluded was not incorrectly concluded by admitting the claim of the Saulteaux or (^hippeway to an interout in tlie -"oil, whoroaH the CreoH and AHsiniboineK (an otfrthoot of the Hioux) were the owners of the country so far as such wild people can be deemed owners, and the Saulteaux bad not entered into the Red River country before 1780, when they were introduced thereto in the service of the North- West Company. («) («) ItoM, p. 13. Hargrave, Red River, pp. 76-7. 14 Till MiriMIOIf'R lAT But it U not luH^MMttry to Airthvr i*otiaiii(>r thU ((iut«- tiofi of tho IixliMii title « right upt to Uv foiiNiil«>rirritoriu« M not It logul htit 11 tiionil Olio liiiri'ly oiititliug t\w inhnhl- tttiitN to Noiiii* Mcuiit luul lunly nicuMiirc ot' «'()iiMii|«*rution — «« tilt* (iHiiiiH of the Iiir(*(MU wore ultiiiiut(l tor Ity the l)(»iiiiiii<>ii (iovi«rtiti)«nt on flat tranitt'ur of Uupurt'ii ImiuI um will bu huruaftor iiiuii- tionuii, then, tho Mcttl(>rH cHtiihliHlu'd in AMriiiiilioiu ftnd hoMiiig utiili>r titlcH gruiitiMl hy thu Karl of Kollcirk, th(* gruntvo oftho Conipiiny, umi puHHing ovor for tlic pn<- iunt th(« invt'Mtipition of tho nutiiro of Mii<>h titU'H, it it neooMiiry t<» t»'nuiiu) for wlmf p.tiod of tinu^ tUv Kiirl or hJH H)^(>iitH coiitiiiuril fo grunt lundri to the H«>ttlont. IJndwr tlu'Ho j^riintM, whutovor they wen-, th»'H«< H(ntinu«'d in iio^neKKion of their fiirtoK. After the death of Lord Selkirk in tH20, luid until IH24, hiH OXcetitorH contiiiut'd to deul with the colony um he or Win agcntH hud done lieforo, hut Hine(> the Utter date itn utfuirH hml heen entrunted to the (/onipiiny'M olHeern by the exocutorH.(<) The Hettlenient hud cont tho doceatod nobletnun, or bin cHtuto, a very lurgo amount of inonoy *' from first to luHt " Hayn IIohh "no leHH a Hum than 86,000^ sterling; an amount the colony would not huvu realized had it been wold off at auction, oven twenty yearw after it was founded." ('/) i^t) UuflH, i>.166. (u) KoM, p. 171. OOMPANY'n U!«D TfftrtriiM. 1ft CIIAITKU II. Or Till PoMIMIOIf or AMKINIMotA IIY TIIR HUPKONH RaT Company. Tho ri>Miilf of the KiirfH tichomo of Nnttloinoiit having proved wi diHUMtroiiH, nc^^otiutioiiN wun> u<< onlitif^ly H«tr<>«'t«>(l, mid tho Coiiipatiy |iur<-huH(>d from tht exeotitorM in thu your 1H35 or IH.'iO ull thu inturuMt of the 8(*lkirk OHtatu in thu Muin*< and hocamu the lole owntTH of tho DiMtriot of AHMinihoiii, thu« rovoHfing In thontKulvcri t)M>ir old titlu thnroto. It Ih oidy tuituriil tc aaiunio thut u trtinHu«'tion of MU(*h nmgnitu nuccHHury under thu uxecptiotnil eircumHtttUcoB of thu DiHtrict hoin^ iindur itH control ut tliu timu. It is unfortutuitH (hat this very important date of the re-pOH8U8«iion of ABKiiiihoiaciiiuhol he accurutoly duturminud in thu ahHuncu of originul docunjontary evidence, for that which iM avuiluhlc iH conflictuig. Rohm (v) Hays : For tho tlrnt ton or twolvn yoaiH, it (tlio colony) wtw undor tlu< nuin- ngoiiicnt of Lord S«-lkirk'» iiulhority, hh lord ptimiiiotuit ; und uftor thut ill i'unHo*|iu>n(>t< (if IiIh di-uth, it fell inio tlu' IuuuIh of Iuh LordNliij 'h exocutorM, whi> found it oonvoniont f tranafur the (^vumiuent of ita atfairH into thu handtt of tho (Joiii|iauy, oh noticed in thu luHt chapter. (v) Ibid, p. 170. 16 THE Hudson's bay TliiH ttrmn^r<'MM>?\t liintod alM)ut twclvo yj'Brn more, till tho pn-wnt time (IHSf)), when wi' hiiv.' to ivpird it an tliu prtperty of tlu> ilu«l»on'H liay Company t)y rijtlit of purciiuw\ And further (w) : Nor was it till ir.imy yoarn iiftor tlie wttlemont liecame virtually the Compaiiv own proiK-rty, that till' fact was made known to the people, antl tlicn l)y nu're flianci'. Till tluH eventuality the iteojiie were under the jK-rHuaHion that the («lony ntill l^'longed to the executorH of Ix)rd Selkirk, and were often ji'ven to underHtand ho. But Hargrave (a*) assigns the date a year later : In 18;W the IhnlHon's Hiiy Company purchased from the lieirs of I^trd Selkirk the whole tract of country ccd«'d to hia Ix)riiship in 1811. ThiH Htep wa» taken a« the bent meann of putting an end to tin' coniplica- tiouH ariHinjr from the tenure of the country l»y Ix)rd Selkirk'H reprenen- ttttivcH. The Hum paid by the Company waw about X84,00(), and waH meant to reimburne l^)rd Selkirk's heirs for the larjte sums his Lordship 'lad Hp«'nt in improving and wttlinp . -o .'olony. This transaction was without i*rt\judice tr, the interestii of all colonists who had purchased land between 1811 and 18S6. The Rt. Hon. Edward Ellice, M.P., a man all powerful in the councils of the North-West and Hudson's Bay Com- panies and "perfectly accpiainted with the constitution o? both," in his evidence before the House of Commons Com- mittee in 1857, speaking of the purchase from Lord Selkirk, said : (y) The Hudson's Bay Company have a large mass of property {Red River Settlement) which they repurchased from Lord Selkirk in 183(5 for a considerable sum of money. They thought it better toextinguish Lord Selkirk's right, and not to have separate interests in the country. And again : Q. 5985. In the same statement which has been laid before this Committee, I observe an item of 84,111/. paid to Lord Selkirk for the Red River hcttlement ? A. That i.-f the money actually paid to Lord Selkirk, with interest added to it. The honourable gentleman is aware that when merchants make a purchase they oi)en an accf)unt, and they debit to that account the money which the estate cost them, and they add the interest, and deduct any revenue or receipt which they have had from it since ; and the 84,000/. is the balance of such an account. (w) Ilritl, p. 173. (x) Red River, j). 80. {y) Report from Select Committee on the H. B. Co., 1857. U 5839, 6931. ^o> company's la: d tenures. 17 time llay yWi' Q. In IfiiW, at) ynu have already ntated to the Committee ? A. YeH. Q. Vliairmav—Ri. Hon. Henry liabouohere.] Deducting your pro- fltB? A. Yes. I am afraid tliere an- no profits ; it in tlie accumulation of interert. Beforo the Bame oo'.nmittee, Sir George Simpsoti, who had at that time been for 37 years the Governor over the whole of he Company's territories and affairs in North America, gave still anotlior date as that of the repurchase: Q. 177(5. rrevioiiHiy to 1834 the Red River Settlement bt^longed to Lord Selkirk, did it not ? A. YeH. Q. It had l)eon Hold a long time previously by the Hudson's Company to his Ixirdship for the purposes of colonization ? A. Yes. Q. He re-tranwferred it to the Company in 1834 ? A. YcH. Q. And you paid luH Lordship for that acquisition ? A. Yes. Sir Edmund Head, Bart., Governor of the Company, writing {z) on November 11, 1863, in reply to the Duke of Newcastle's suggestion as to the introduction of the direct authority of the British Government in Pupert's Land, said: In 1834 the Hudson's Bay Company repurchased this district (Assi- niboia) from Lord Selkirk for a consideration estimated at upwards of £8(),()00. But that 183G was considered by the Canadian Govern- ment in 1873 as being the correct date may be inferrt I from the Act, 36 Vic. cap. 37. This made provision for the Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba setting aside lots or tracts of land in that province, not exceeding in the whole forty-nine thousand acres, for the purpose of making free grants thereof to such persons then resident in the province as were original white settlers who came into the Red River country under the auspices of Lord Selkirk between the years one thousand eight hundred and thirteen and thirty^^ve, both inclusive, or children of such original set- tlers not being half-breeds. (2) Hudson's Bay Co., Corresj)ondence etc., London, 186!), p. 2(5. 18 THE HUDSON S BAY Even woro Sir Goorgo Simpsoii'H utatements before the Select Oomniittee generally entitled to weight, and it is well known that they were not, in a matter of dates Hueh as this his memory would be very apt to be defective and not at all as liable to be correct as the deliberate assertion of Ilargravc, who for many years held a very responsible posi- tion in the Company's service at Fort Garry, where he had, as he tells us truly in his preface, " constant recourse to documents connected with tbe government," and " care- fully coDHultcd authorities on every point in which doubt rested on [his] mind." Ross gives no reason for tixing the date at 1885, and his manner of stating the fact is rather loose, and the same remark applies to Sir Edmund Head's letter. In favour of 1836 we have Mr. Ellice's positive state- ment, and he v/as in the best position to know the truth, Ilargrave's corroborative testimony, and lastly the pro- vision of the Act of Parliament formally recognizing the rights of the Earl's settlers up to 1836, being between 1813 and 1835 inclusive, and this exactly corresponds with that provision of the Earl's will which directed his executors immediately after his death (1820) to enter into possession of his lands but not to hold them for a period exceeding fifteen years. The effect of all the above evidence may be fairly taken to be that, though there is ample proof of the very day on which the Earl took possession {n) of (a) Ante, p. 7 ; and also the following certificate of Peaceable Pos- session given by tlie H. B. tJo.'s otHoeiH at tbe Forks : — Be It renieniberi"! that on the fourth day of September, in the year one tbon«ind eight hundred and twelve, at the Fork of lied River peace- able ami quiet i)OHseH.sion of tbe land and hereditaments by the within Iiidentunr (ante, p. 7) granted and enfeoffed or otherwise assured or exprewsed and intended ho to be was taken had and delivered by the within named Wuliam liillier, one of the attfjrnies for that purpose appointed, unto the within named Miles Macdonnell, Esquire, who was duly authorized to receive the same to and for tbe use of the within named Earl of Sell rk, his heirs and assigns according to the form and effect of the with! > ritten Indenture, in the i)resence of (Sd.) Jno. McLeoi), (Sd.) RODK. McKeNZIK, — }[8S. company's land tenures. 19 Pos- AHsiniboia, yet the date of the rollnquirthinent of the siiino by Mh oxecutorH to the Coiiipaiiy if uncertain and only l)robal)le, tliougb in default of any better evidence the year 1836 must hereafter in these pagew be taken as the correct one. Tlie Company after having got sole control of Assini- boia granted a largo number of lots and parcels of land to their own servants and to strangers, the nature of which grants and the legal effect thereof will be inquired into in a following chapter. The negotiations by the Canadian Government for the acquisition of Rupert's Land and the Indian (North-West- ern) Territories and the extinguishment of the rights of the Company therein culminated in the surrender by the Company to Her Majesty on the 19th November, 1869, but subject to certain terms and conditions, of all its " rights of government, and other rights, privileges, liber- ties, franchises, powers and authorities granted or purport- ed to be granted to " it by its charter " and also all similar rights which may have been exercised or assumed by the said Company in any parts of British North America not forming part of Rupert's Land, or of Canada, or of British Columbia, and all the lands and territories (except and sub- ject as in said terms and conditions mentioned) granted or purported to be granted to the said Governor and Com- pany by the said Letters Patent." This deed of surrender (b) was duly accepted by Her Majesty on the 23rd June, 1870, and by order-in-council of the following day it was declared that from and after the fifteenth day of July, 1870, Rupert's Land and the North- Western Territories should, upon certain terms and condi- tions, be admitted into and become part of the Dominion of Canada. The terms and conditions numbered fifteen (c). {b) ^opy in Statutes of Canada for 1872, p. Ixxvii. (c) Ibid, p. Ixv. fiO TIIR HUDSON 8 BAT but the only ones which coticern the Bubjoct under discus* sion are the followinjir : 10. All titlcH t(» l.'nd up to the pi^hth day of March, 1869. conferrod by the tJ()iii|iany, an> to U' coittiriiu'd. 11. Any chiiiiiH of IndiaiiN to (;oin|M>nHation for landH rt'quiri'd for pur|Mis(!H of M'tth'iiu'nt Hhall he (liH|H>M'd of by thi' Cnnadian (Government in coiiiinunicution with th(> hnprriai (iov(>rnni(>nt ; and the Com))any Hhall 1k' ndit'vcd of all reHponHibility in ri'Hix'ot of them. In tlie Haino order-iii-council and deed provision was made for tho retention by the Company of their posts and adjoining blocks of land, and the one-twentieth part of the Fertile Belt. u u a COMI'ANY H LAND TKNIIKES, 21 ClIAPTKK III. Op tub Allotment of Lands by Loud Selkirk to His Hkttlkks and the Estates (J ranted tiiem Therein. In tho first chapter tho ofltaljlishmont of the earlier settlerH upon their latidn han been referred to, but only inciilontally. In order, therefore, to more fully comprehend the nature of tho title; granted to the colonists it will b«^ advinahle in the prcHont one to consider briefly the cir- cuniHtances under which tho several classes of mettlers were brought to Assiniboia, tho promises made to them by Lord Selkirk relating to their lands, and their numbers and location in the settlement, so far as thepo facts may, at this distance of time, be ascertained. At tho outset difficulties of no ordinary character have to bo encountered in the satisfactory solution of these matters and the cause of these difficulties is found in the fact that the public documents of the Hottlement were destroy- ed in a most iniquitous manner in 1822 by Alexandei McDonell, the then Governor of Assiniboia. " This worthy," says Ros8(^?), " took ample revenge on the Scotch " settlers by destroying or carrying oft* all the papers, " whether public or private, that had been intrusted to " him. Among the documents thus lost to the colonists " for ever were all the papers containing promises made to " them, at dift'erent times, by Lord Selkirk, in considera- " tion of their hardships, and other public documents of " value." It is not therefore strange that many members of the legal profession of Manitoba, coming, as the great majority 89 71IK HUDSON ti UAY r I of thorn do, tVoni other provincoH ot Cuiiiuhi, utul fuul- ing that noarly every title w)iich they are culled upon to ijivoHtigato i» grounded ym u recent grant from the Dominion Government, Hhould ignore the nnii root of the Bnnje and hantily aHsumo that it waH derived from the Crown direct, or at the moHt, from the IIudHon'n Hay Com- pany under the Manitoha Act, In one HonHO such a view would be correct, m Lord Holkirk himself derived from the Company and therefore all the titles in the country are the Company'n titles, hut the dintinction lies in this, that differ- ent titles might he and were granted under e(i,ch of the ri'gimcs of the Earl and tlie Company. Fortified by some of the evidence given by certain wit- nesses before the British Parliamentary Committee in 1857, and, regrettably, by some loose and ill considered obiter dicta of certain of the Manitoba bench, the idea became preval- ent that the titlcH derived from the Company were invari- ably leaseholds, with [lerljaps one exception, and the fact w is not considered that, oven if such a supposition were correct, there might have been other grants of a very different nature. That Lord Selkirk himself proposed to grant estates of freehold to his settlers in plainly shown by his prospectus, wherein, it will be remembered, he antiounced that " set- " tiers' lands will be disposed of, either by way of sale or " lease in perpetuity," the price "to be 10s. per acre if soW, " or if leased in perpetuity \s. per annum ; every family of " settlers may be expected to take up at least 100 acres. " . . . If (they) should inefer leasing the rent will in " two years repay the charges and will remain afterwards " as a clear income to the proprietor," and the Earl was particular to point out to the people of means whom he endeavoured to enlist in his scheme, that " the difference " between buying land at \d. or Id. per acre and selling at " 8«. or 10*. is very palpable and does not seem to require u COMPANY S LAND TKNUIll 28 *' much comnioiit." It ih most niiroaHoimblo to HUppoHo that uiiy Hi'ttltT would ''prel'or" a IciiHohoM to u tVoi'lioM, oh- pet'iully ill u new country, liiid vvhoro, an iu tliiw iiiHtaiico, tliuir laiidh iuig)it be paid tor in pro(lu(;o(e). Rohh and Qunn both concur in Htatinj^ that each nuttlor vvaw to huvo lUO acruH of land at^Higncd lo liiin m contoniplatod by thu proHpoctUH, but tho price charged per acre wan HubHe((Uent- ly fixed at five, iuHtead of ten HliillingH. Foih»wing out tliiw intontion of granting freeholdrt Uohh (/) recorda the formal gift, at a pul)lic meeting, by the Karl, of twenty-four ten chain lotw, except No. 12 which had otdy 5 chainH, in free soccage, an homlH *' of thiuiliort UH thoy iirrivod \vi>ro put in pOHMcmKion ut " rotfiilur lotH of" land wliicli llioy iininodiatuly lufguii to ** cultivatu," but bo duoa nut luuntioii thu tiizu uf thu IuIh given thuin. Goorgo Caniplu!!!, ono of the HottlorH wlio arrivoly Katliurint: DoukIom, u HiHturof thu Karl uf Selkirk. (j) Statement, etc., mpra, p. 4. It ini>.'ht ix> well to ke<>p in ii!inert Semple till Novemlxjr, 1K15, after tlie lirHt dentruction of the colony by the Nor'-WcHterH in that year, who had then alno Hcduced away about 1 -lO of the HettlerH to Canada. (ReiM)rt lKli>, pp. 22,24, 25.) Tht^ coloniHtH who, refumngto go to Canada, had lieen driven off to Jack River (Norway Houhc) in 1815, returned to l{ed River on August It* of that year under protection of Mr. Colin Roh- ertHon of the II. IJ. Co., who hud with Iiini al)out 20 clerks and servants. (Report 174.) When tlie l<4irl of Selkirk arrived at Red River in June, the year after tho dcHtruotion of (iovernor Semple and some 20 of his men on June I'J, 181(1, there were left about 200 settlers, a« near as may bo estimated. For a list of the s«>ttlers who went to Canada see appendix. (jfc) Narrative, etc., «upra, appendix p. 24. {I) Ibid, p. 16. COMPANY H LAND TRNI'IIKH. S6 TTarj^mvc Htatm (m) that '* tlio rcpronoiitfttivoH of Lord "Selkirk «(»/«/ tln' liuul . . . ut, a nominal pr'hw varying " from .'»». l<> 7.V. ihl. i>«r aoro." (Fp till 1H17, iti Mpoaking of Hottlors or coloniHtM n'fcr- oncu h»M hiH-n nuido to thoHo from Scothuul and Ireland, hul with tlu! arrival of Lord Selkirk at Uoon the peace with the Unite0 C!iillotl aftor T^t. 0.)1. the Count (1«» Miniron, n French Swiss, of Ncuchatel : a large proixjrtion of the regiment was Swiss. n (( « 2fl Tl'l lltllNl4)N*l* HAT " !);uk uf h'lM Lonlnhip'n (•xpoiiM«> to Mrr)c««'»lo Kiit^- " Hton, in (I|i|)(>r (Juniulii. Tlio VV^iittcvilie Uo^inicnr tiad ^* liocti Htiitiiiii«>il lit tlio latter pluct^ and wuh aUo iiii). Mr. Ilalkett Mtnti'H (7) that a *' few of tho Qlon^arry Foncihl(!H, with one of thoir orticerw, alno joinod " lionl Selkirk, und that ho "entered into ro^ular written agroo- mcMitH with each " of thcHe dishaiKled Holdiorn to tho oft'eet Htatod hy 1 i'Mit. Faucho. When thin party eventually ar- rived at Uetl I'iver, atti'rtlM^ KarlV reprihalH nt Forf William and elnewhere inflicted on the North-West Conipatiy, they were partly loeu'ed on i'oii.f DouglaH, now in the (!ity of Wirnilpeg, which for that piritoHO was "Hurvoyed (r)into a '* number of lotw, each ei .itaining a fow acres and bonlur- '• ing on the rivor, a wide utreot running from tho opon to " tho higliway l)eing HOt apart for thoir common ut>% " :iflonling accons to th(! common which lay boyond tho " road, on whicli tho RottlerH on tho point had a right of " paHturago aiul of buy making. After Point Douglas had " been appropriutiid a number of his TiOrdHJiip'H troops " {.sic) were still without land. These had to take land " on the east side of the Red Rivor opposite to Point " DoujL,la8. All wore paid and rationed for a time by his (o) CnptaiiiH Frotlerick Matthi-y ami P. D'OrnonncnH ; LicutH. Faucho an TimrRlM. 27 . I line, uimI ir hud ntrurry Lord .fe. t* If W ** liordhhtp T)\f^ non-coroiuiHHioritHl ofltciTH won» MitttU'd ** oil Ittixi uiii()ii>; tlio Holdi(*rN ; tli • Miiporior otHc-orH livud at ** tumdquurtorM (Fort Doii^taM) und liocunn tuctidHTM of tlio ** (Colonial (AiV*) Council." Uomn (h) writiug to a Hiniiliiir efltHit HHVH, ** they wuro rowurdod with Minnll )madic hulf-hreedK who had heen HparHoly Hcattorod thn)ughout tho North-West tor at leaHt a generation hofore, whorovor in whort tlie fur traderu took to thomBulvoH Indian women, that in, every* where. The Rev. Geo. Bryco, TiTi.D.,HtateH(/) that thcHo pricHtH took up their ahodc with the Do Meuronn as they " wore inoHtly Roman CatholicH." But the Do MeurouH were not, giiiierally wpeaking, Roman CatholicH hut ProteHtantH(//), and hoth Ro8f*'rr»Ml to in tho Karln conveyance of 1818 to tho Koniiin Catholic MiHwwm, />««/ p. .SO. (m) ItoHH, 4H; 77((' hVmch Klemnit in the North- Wed, p. 9, hy Kiitlior Ia'Viih Dnunnioml, S. J., Winnija^ ^^7. (/) Th( Old Settlerit of Red Hirer, p. .'?, WinnipoK, 1S85, n pamphlet. {11) KoHH, 57 ; Uunn, 218; Kov. John WuhI'h JuirnaliU Red Rieer, it. (K), U)ndon, 1824. 18 Ttfl tttriMinR'ii RAT m It, PonitMiiA, tlittii dttlBtd tob* Dritiith t««rritory, in thu Autiitnn nil. I ill" y nrrivtnl, niul w»»ri' tlnTi* w»ltl««i). Tin* lfttt»»r niitlu.r- ity MtiitoM thiit " tlii> Krcnch fiimilivM took land nt t'oinbinii '* wliort) thoy intiuultKl to ^o into fanning o|w^rntionH. Iloro '• a n«iml»or of tlii»ir fountrynu'n, with thoir half-hrmtil '• faniilit'H, hiiilt thi«ir hutn or pitcht'd th«ir wigwunm, ** forming a vilhiK" "f I'onHith'rahU' ^iyas with itM two " prioMfM an exact whorcahoutK of thcuntornational houn* dory and at the HU^j^cHtion of Mr. Ilallcutt, the Earl'H agent, for thiH and otli«>r reaHouM, Oovernor Bulger induced niuHt of tlie I'ctnhiiui MottlerH to traimfer theJUMciveH to the older Hottleinent at the ForkH in the Htitnincr of that year, and tho Oonipany'H Fort wan ahan(h)ned in tlu» upririg of 182B. The ITniteil HtatoH military expedition, under tho comnuin/'), anrou(;lit out hy Lonl Hnlkirk tVoin thu tfuitoiiM of 0witi« poorer cIhnm, in(«*tiuMioplo to thn nniruhtir of 177 {:) «iiHp«*rM(>(l tliflniHclvoM uinoti^ tliu !>«• MotiroiiM (n) who iiitcrnmrriiMl iarf^rly with thctii, hiit whoii tho wlnttT fttiiu) on thoy worn for«'t«l to ^a to I'vtw hinn, iiioMt of thorn ruturtiiii^ tho following Mpriti^ uh nlrriuly n>lnt<> Wuttovillc ro^iiiuuit, hnd protnirtiMl frott i^niiitH of Iniid, iiiul vurioiiH farming ixMOMMariuH on u thr(u> yourH credit, to all huiulH of fainiliuH and unniarri<>d adiiltM. 'V\\o CAiitoiiH from whicli thoy cftnio wore tho Frctudi-Hpoakin^ onoH of Ni^urhutol, Vniid und Oonova and the (]<«rniun* Mpoakinji^ ono of UornoC*). At tho tinio of thoir arrival, or very nhortly ufterwardH, ii formal ft^re«>ment waH ontcrcd into hetwoon the HettlerH at Iar>((t and liord Hulkirk'H a^ent Rt lied Jtiver Hpttfifyin/< the dutieH of the former in regiird to the colony. The a^^reornont, ao<;<>nling to the Kov. TrofeHHor nryco(r), contained tho Hignaturo of 40 Hottlorn, twenty-fiv(« De ^leuroim or BwIhh and the remainder IlighlanderH and Norwegians. Thin very valiuihi" nuh- lic document, ongroHHed on pan'hmcnt, eleven feci long und om> und a half wide, waw most unfortunately allowed to ho taken out of thiH country hy itt) reputed owner (i) (ieo. H. (x) Wmt, p. 6». {y) litnm, 57 ; Uunn, 217-9. (z) U»'v. .lohn WcMt'H t'litry ill chiiroli n>KiHtora of Ht. .TulinX qijot- oil in C. N. HullV Mhirk Sctllim, p. 21>. (a) VVuHt, «(»; (iiinn, 'Z\H, '2'M, '2mi. (b) Tlie Red River Ihlnny, by (ltcn(lix. (c) Tfw Old StUlm of Red River, p. 4. 80 THE IJUDr- n's bay } McTavi8li((/), now or lately of Sp(»». -iio, State ofWaBhing- toii, U.S.A., HO it cannot bo aHcortainod if thtro wore any agreement in regard to the Bubject of this inquiry, the colony lands. In the Hpring of 1822 some five families of the Swiss left Pembina for Minnesota instead of returning to the Forks, and thirteen more families followed them in the sprnig of 1823. In 1822 the various parties of settlors were located approximately as follows : The Scotch in what were subHeciuently the parishes of St. John and Ivildonan, their original settlement ; the De Meurons part ly on Point Douglas but especially along the River Seine ; the Swiss with the Do Meurons on the Seine ; " the " French of all grades in one pari8h(c) up the main nver," afterwards known as the parish of St, Norbert and part of St. Boniface, "and the half-breeds, under Mr. Grant, their " chiofj some twenty miles up the Assiniboine, " at a place called ' White Horse Plains,' the Forks being " the common centre of the three grand divisions." A fifth class of persons, not settlers, but yet en- titled to lands in Assiniboia under the terms of the Com- pany's grant to Lor'^ Selkirk, that is to say employees, retired or otherwise of the Company, swelled the numbers of the settlers considerably, till they reached 1,600 souls (/). After the coalition of the Hudson's Bay Bay and North-West Companies the immense staft' of the amalgamated Company was much reduced and in 1822 a (d) Repeated application to Mr. McTaviHli has failed to obtain even a copy of the document, though accompanied by an offer of payment of expenses. If a copy can be obtained it will be given in the appendix. This deportation of public documents by private individuals is deserv- ing of severe censure, (e) Ross, 81. Vide also plan of parishes in appendix to Imperial Blue Book of 18fi9, in report of Exj)loniMon between I^ke Superior and R. R.Settlemont ; also in II. Y. Hind's Jicd River Exitloring Expedition, vol. 2, p. 172. (/) Ross, 78. i COMPANY S LAND TENURES. 81 very largo number, sonio linndrcdH, of tbrmor sorvants of the Company, exceeding with their families the represcnta- tivoBofall Lord Selkirk's colonists, came to reside at the settlement (g) ; many of them were Orkncymen (A). Of these employees a labourer, as a rule, says Qunn, was en- titled to 100 acres, and on settling on an eight chain lot, running 160 chains to the rear, and containing 128 acres, instead of 90 a(!res us originally surveyed and allotted to the first colonists, ho was " given to understand that at " some future time ho would have to pay in produce for " the extra twenty-eigyit acres at the rate of five shillings " sterling per acre. Each clerk interpreter and guide was " put in possession, for past services, of two or three eight " chain lots." It has already been noticed {i) that no one under the rank of Master of a trading post was to have more than two hundred acres, nor of that rank over one thousand acres. These grantees mainly settled in what were afterwards known .* i le parishes of St. Andrew and St. Paul {j), the former of which, in 1867, was the most populous of all the parishes, receiving as it did constant additions from retiring 8ervants(^). Such, then, were the numbers and location, as near as may be now ascertained, of all the inhabitants at Red River in 1822 who received allotments from Lord Selkirk or his authorized agents. No other settlers who subsequent- ly arrived, under any conditions, were entitled to grants as a matter of right, from Lord Selkirk or his executors, save of course, retiring serviiuts of the Company, the Swiss settlers being the last who came under his auspices, he dying et Pau, in France, on April 8, 1820. On the 24th June, 1826, almost all the remaining Swiss, Do (g) Gunn, 225, 226. (/() Rose, 78, 110. (i) Ante p. G. U) Gunn, 2.39. {k) Hind, mpra, p. 197. 'I 82 THE HUDSON 8 BAY ,, \ MourotiH and Home few otiicrs, to the niiml)er of 243 in- (lividualH, loft the settlement and went to the 8tate8(/). The landu vacated by theHe people were o(^cupied by the Cana- diaiiH, to wlioni it does not appear that Li rd Selkirk made any specific promise of individual lands though, as will bo seen later(m), he made a very lartre grant to tlicir church under wliose auspices they were sitroduccd, at his request, into Red River. As mentioned before in tliis chapter, and for reasons there given, the writer has experienced the greatest diffi- culty in obtaining documentary evidence of tlie tenures under which the various colonists held tlieir lands. Even thirty-five years ago, in 1857, when Professor Hind visited tlie settlement in command of the Canadiati Exploring Ex- pedition and made inquiry amongst the settlers for title deeds, whicli he desired to assist him in ascertaining certain lines of sections, he could get no information at all from them. He tells us tliat ho liad heard that the C(mi- pany had granted a certain form of lease, a copy of wliich he had seen " through one of the resident clergy," but not " in the hands of any one of the settlers of whom I made " inquiries respecting their tenure, . , . and in no " single instance could I find any half-breed, in possession of a farm, acquainted with its existence. In very many " instances the settlers did not know the number of their " lots, and had no paper or document of any kind to show " that they held possession of their land from tho Com- " pany, or any other authority. . . . They knew they " had paid a certain sum for their land or it had been " given them in return for services, or that they had squat- " ted upon it, and that they were in possession, but of title " deeds or receipts they knew nothing. These remarks (( (/) (iunn, 251 ; Uosh, 109; Clu-tlain, 20. (»i) \'ide p. '.Hi ct »i'q. COMPANY 8 LANI» TENl'RES. 88 " rotor only to thoHo from whom the iiitbrmutioii vvuh " Houglit tor the piirpoHo montioncd iihovu." Ah u miittor of fuct it wouhl appeiir thut in tho jjjrout majority of cuhoh no formal convoyanco of any kind waH givon, only in thoso vvhoro it was awked for it in likely that it was granted, and the groat bulk of the early Hot- tlorH being in tho liumbloHt walks of life and very illiterate thoy wouhl not be HutHciently alive to tlicirown intoroHtH to demand what they were juBtly entitled to ; in I'act tlie writer has been assured by many old settlers that sueh was tho case. This state of atiairs is evidenced by the following public notice (n) : Notice is hereby K'ven, tliat the colony roKister is now prepared for entry of title-deedH for land. Thowe of the Hettlers who have received titk'H, will bring them for exanunution and registry the llrst time they visit the Fort; and those who have as yet received no titles, may have them on application to the tJovernorat new Fort Douglas. J3y order of the (lovernor. GUANT FoUltKST, Fort Douglas, 20th January, 1825. Accountant. Tho laxity of the system which prevailed is manifest from this announcement vvhicli shows that though colonists had been at Red Kiver since 1812, it was not till thirteen years after their arrival that they were in a position to have their holdings duly recorded ! Though it might seem in the face of these obstacles a hopeless task to look for docu- ments relating to the settlers, yet the author has, aided by several friends interested in this subject, been able to get together not a few papers relating to lands in lied River. Tho first of these in point of date is a contract of service and agreement for a grant of land between one (n) The notice above given is taken from a number of documents read by Mr. C.N. Hell before the Historical and Scientific Society of Mani- toba at Winnipeg on January 27, 1880; rit/f the 8,5rd Transaction of that Society. It is much to be regretted that the historical value of these docu- ments is much weakened by Mr. Bell's neglect to state at the time where the originals were and in whoso possession. He now states that they were destroyed by tire in the autumn of 1890. 84 THE UUDHON's bay I ¥ f } Williuin McKay and tho Conipuiiy. It ih ^ivuii horcundor in full an it Ih of curious iutoroHt and in luoroovor a vory oarly one, in fact tho oarlioHt tluit luw no far boon di8coverod(o). ((>) Tlic <)ri^'iii:il of tliii< roiitriut Ih in tlu' jMwwHHion of Mr. JamoB Taylor of I'lincc AlIuTt, wIioko (utluT wan in tlu' ('onipanyVtmrvice and IukI a Hiiiiiliar contmct. It i^ printi'fl on tiic ro^nlar blank form of con- tni'.!t adoptfd l>y the company for uwf in thftHt caHt'H; tho partn l)etwi'en Itrarki'tH are Htruck out in the uri^inal, the italioH ui^^nify the written IKtrtion. IT IS IIKREHY CONTUACTED AND AGREED HKTWI-'-EN Willidin MrKmi of (the I'ariHh of) Ilmhon'x Hay (and County of) A'(./Y// .l/mrimon tlieonc Tart, and the (JOVEHNOK AND COM- PANY OF ADVENTUUEKSOF ENGLAND trading to IIidhon'h Hay, on the other Part, Tiiat the wiid Willidin McKay Hhall (embark, when re- (piired, on iMtard Huch Ship or WhhcI aw the Committee of the Haiany Hhall aHHign to him Oiif Hundred AcreH of Umd, to he held by the Haid Will'uwi McKaij and hin Heirs forever, under the sameconditionH of obeyiu},' the lawH and UegulationH of the Company, and of not infrinj,'- inj? the I'riviiegCH granted to them by their Charter. And it is further agreed, That the eaid Comi)any may dismiss tho -md William McKaij from their Service at any jieriod when they sliall Hee lit. (Provided al- wayn, that the said Company bring himlDack to Scotland free of expense./ It is also agreed, That if the said William McKay intends to quit the Ser- vice of the said Company at the Exi)iration of this Contract he shall give Notice of his Intention to tlu! Officer in authority over him, One Year before ; or if the said William McKay be on an Inland Station, he shall give Notice Eighteen Months before the Expiration of the present Contrac^t ; and in cast^ lie fail to give such Notice, the said William Mc- Kay shall be held to have renewed his Engagement for another Year, on tlie TerniH and under the conditions herein contained, in the same man- ner as if he had signed a new Contract. And it is further agreed, That if the said William McKay shall fail to i)erform any of the Engagements hereby contracted, he uliall forfeit all the Wages and AdvantagcH hereby promised to him. IN WITNESS whereof, this Contract is signed and sealed by the said William McKay and by Thomas Vincent duly authoriz- ed by the Governor and Committee of the said Company. Dated at Albany Factory I'nc Tivcnly-Ji/tk day uf June, 1813. {Syd.) William McKay, {ISyd.) Thomas Vincent. Witnesseth : {iSyd.) William Thomas. (Sgd.) James ISlallir. II. Causton & Son, Printers, Finch-Lane, London. 1 < lii' IPv! 86 MiK ih»u8<>n'h hay tlu>in m liiul pertbnniMl thuir ugruuiiu^nt, hotli during tliu rig'nnc of Lonl Solkiik iiiid of thu Company. Now tho gruntocH ) f Archiepca' 1 THIS INDENTURE matle the eighteenth day of May in tho year of COMPANY H LAND TKNUHBH. 37 :ing. the •ar of May, 1H1H, roHpoctivoly, on certain trustH uh tlierein inon- ti«Mio(l, t(» tlui tlicn Ronmii Catliolic IViHliop of Quebec and Our Lird On ; tliMiisiinit oi^Mt litiixInMl and oIkIiUvu, Ikstwcun the Kkimt lIuNdt'itvm.i'. Thomas Kaki, o* Hki.kiuk, of Ihf.jlrM jxtrt ; Ami till' UuiiiT Kkvkukm) .loNKi'ii Octavk I'i.khhih, Roman Catuomc IliHMoi' of tlui DiociCHK OK (ji'KHKc, Jcun Ilcnr! Aii^UHtu Koux, of Mon- trnil, in tin* DiMtrict nf Montreal, ami Trovint't' of b)\v('r Canada, Clerk, Hu|>*'rior of till' S«'ininary of Montreal at Montrtul aforeHaid, and Vicar < ieneml of the HjiUl l)i,'H of j,'ood and lawful nioimy of the IVov- inee of b)wer Canada, to him in hand pniart their executorH adminiMtratorH aneinj;and Hituate on the rijjht bank of Red River aforeHaid and nearly opposite to the mouth of Assiniboinc River, bounded on the WoHtwf.rd l)y the said river and extending in front along the Hjime for the Hpace o." three hundred and thirty yards or fifteen English statute chains northwar'! from the boundary of a lot of land assigned to Frede- rick I>ami«'n Ih'urter, bounded on the southward and northward by lines running at right angles to the slioro of the River and extending for the Bpace of fifteen statute chains, and Iwunded on the eastward by a line parallel to the course of the River, and the Reversion and Reversions, Remainder and Remainder, Rents, issues and profits thereof with the appurtenances, to have and to hold the same and every part and parcel thereof with the appurtenances unto the said parties of the second part, 88 TIIK IIUDHON 8 UAY to FatliiM'H ProvoneluT ftiid Dinnotilin, alrcudy montionod, ttud thrtio otherH, of the largu iiiid very vuluuliiu tmct of tlii day nt>vt lN>riir«t tlia •lay of till' l cxpiraiion t.f tli«* naid tvrm unti thf niiid party of thf llrMt \mri onu |Kp|HT-fori« if dcniandt-d. To♦^> Inti it that by virtun of tlifm* prt'»mntH am! hy foriro of the Htatuto ^' Lt ti MiHfcrrinK of tiw" into |N)HN«'W4ion, tlu* Hiiid ()iirti<*H of tlio t '.1.; f? part may l)tt in tin* actual iK»H»«'Hion of tlu' wild I'rrniiwH and ap- (Aitirc 'KTH, and Ih» tlu'n-liy rn'ililrd to tuko und atrt'pt of t\\v ^mnt and .idMSt' i«^ Ki'vornion and Inlirritancti to tlicni and tlic NurvivorH of tlipm nnfi . . ich other imthouh to whom any convi-yancf or conv«'yan«'«'H of the Hiiid prnniwH nhallor may ut any time hereafter Int made or who may by the Haiti partioH of the Hecond part Im> awMx-iated with them tlio Haid partieKof the Hi-cond part in thiH iHthalf or witli the mirvivorH of them the Haiti partien t)f tlie Heetiml part by virtue ami cttnforniably to tinu other Intlenture tt) be made U-arin^' tlate the day next after the ilay of the tlate tif thew prenentn, for i-ver u|M»n the truHtH and Hole inlentu uw!H antl pur|M)HeH tt) U' tleelaretl (hereof in anti by the Haiti lUher inden- turo 80 to Ih! made, iM^arin^ date tlie tluy next after the day of the ('ate of thew prenentH uh aforeniviil. In WitneHH \vlu)ret)f the naiil partieH to tlu'He prewjntH have henmnto reHitectively Het thuir hamlH and kc>u1h the day anove writien. (Signed) "Selkirk" (I.. S.) (HiKneU) "J.O. IMeHHiH, HiKiW"' Healed anil delivered ut 0. K. Hp. of (iueljec." (LJS.) Montreal in the I'rovinee of I^owcr (Sijined) " Koux 1*. {L.M.)" Canada, where no HtampH are uwd, (Sij^ned) " Jh. N. rruveneher "(L.H.) in prenence of (Signed) "Sev. Dumouiin " (l,.iS.) (Signed) " I). Mondelet." (HiKned) " S. de Heaujeu " (h.H.) (SiK'mtd) " L. \'i>{er." (Signed) " 11. lleney " (L.S.) (SiK'nod) " L. Th. iV-dard." (Signed) "CI. Ciauvreau." Witm-HHi'H. r Arehcal > '*'""■ ^""'' <'")>'**• { w, „T~ f (Signed) C. 15aillargeon, i'tn. Secretaire Arehericho I weal. j j^j Quebec, 5 Aout, 1870. THIS INDENTUkE made the nineteenth day of May iu the year of Our Lord one thouHand Eight hundred and eighteen, Between the Kioirr IIonoukaiilk Tiiumah Eari. ov Hslkihk, of the lird jxirt, And the Right Reverend Joseph Ocitave Plessis, Roman Catholic Hiahop of the Dioccfie of (Quebec, Jean Henry AuguHte Roux of Mon- treal iu the DiHtrict of Montreal and Province of I^ower Canada, Clerk t ; COMPANY H LANK TKNIIItKH. 8C Uiiul, corjiuinin^ no Iohh than 10,892 iutoh (montioiuMl in tho prcHoiit lIiulHoirH huy Ooriipuny Rod Ilivor Hcttlo- Rnpfirior of th«> H«>niinMry of Muiitri>ul arnri'Muiil, iind Vicar ( Unutrul of th« DicHWHe of (|iiolii><' Hrori'HAid, S<\vmiflo tlo IUwiiJ«, llii|;iH>H lltuicy of Moiitr«Mil ufort'Huid, l'',H<|iiir«>, A«'n lu-rotoforo timdi) by tlio lOovornor ntui Com|)iiny of AdvitntiirorH of KnKlHiid trading into iludHon'N iliiy of a cortain tract of land and country fiituatud and iMMn^ in thi> Tcrritorioi of iUvui tho Haid (Jovernor and (7unipany of AdvonturcrH of Kn^land tradiiiK into IIiulHon'H May, diHtinifuiHliud by tiut luiiiu of Rupert 'h I^ind and oth«>rwiH«< called tbu iliidHon'M itay TerritoriuD. Now tb()rt>for«i thiH Indenture witnoHBoth t' ' thu Raid parlv of the flrat |>art for and in coUHidoratiun of tho mil. ol n puundH current money of tlie I'rovince of flower Canada to 'lun w tind truly paid by *^ f.' ..Dof in hereby ac* W.iuwIcdKetl, and aim) for the i)urpoHi> o( < - 'rit '♦InR to introduce into th*) Haid TerritoricH, the benefltH of nili|jtioii, nr. ^- .i and no(jtl order, hath Xranted, barirainod, Hold, aliened, releanod. con. j/eu and conflnned and by thene prenentu doth, u'rivnt, bar^iiii, ' ' a" 'U, releane, co.ivey, and conllrii), unto the naid partien of the hocoi p rt in their actual poHHcoH- ion now beinif by virtue of a bar(;:\in and sale to them thereof made for one wliole year by intlenture bearing date the day next before the day of tlie date of thene present* and by force f)f the etatutu for thotrauHferrinK of UH08 into poHHOHsion and to the survivor or aurvivors of them and fiuch other perwon or personH who may hereafter by them the said p.tr- lieH of the Hocond part or the aurvivors or survivor of tliP' ' i associated to and witli ttieni the said parties of tho second part, oi • ■ lurvivors or survivor of them, by virtue of the trust hereinafter mentioned as here- inafter specitled, all that certain tract, piece or parcel of land situate, ly- ing and being in the plantation or colony of liupert's land and in tho Territories of the said (lovernor and Company of Ad- venturers of ]<]ngland tratling into lIudson'H Bay commonly called the Hudson's Bay Territories aforeHai, roiivtMit iiiul nthor i>(Ii- U M«>lni>, utiin<< to tht< \Aiivw of iH'KinninK, nml iilmi Ihiit ntrtiUn oth«r piiH-«< or imrcfl of l»nn ^'i« riKlit l>ank of KihI Itivcr nforeMiiil lind niMiriy o|i|ioNit(» to tint nioiitli nt A^MinilMiinti rivor, iMiiimUHl on tlio woMtwiinl liy tlu> i«tti h|>iii-«« of tlirc«* hiinilrcii iind thirty ynnU or Hfloitn KnKlith Htntiitc fluiinM n')rthwHri! from tlio lioiimlnry of ii iut of Innil ru«- KlKnctl to KriHlcrii-k Diiniirn ilcnrtor, iHtiindud on th<* xonlhwurd and northward liy llneM ninninK Ht riKht nn^litM to tho Nhorn of lln* Huid rivor nml oxtcndinK for tlu* Hparo of llflitttn Htntut«> chainH and h«)iindi>d on th« fiiMtwArd by a lin«« purulli'l to th«* coiirfii of thu rivor, with nil theedificefl thtirnon iind HdvnntiiKcH to tho HAint* now or h»ri*toforu Im>- longinK or In any wlm> uppcrtninini; nnd tho ri^VL'mion iind ri'Vi'mioni*, roiiiiiiMdi'r and n-niiilndorH, n-titfl, iiwui'N iind proliti* tlu'riwif tmd rvtiry pnrt and purrtd thereof with tin' appurtt>nan<-<>N and aim) all tlut «>M(atcH, rlKht, title, int4>r(>Rt, pro|H>riy claim and demand whatMuuvor in litw or (Mpiity of him tin* nivid party of tin* (irat part, of, in and to thi)iiam«: to havo and to hold ill and ninKnlur the Haid prumiH(>n huruby i^mntt'il and harKaintnl or mount and intondud ho to Ik' with thtdr and «!V«ry of their appurt(Mianct'H unto the Haid partieH of the Hvcond part, the Hiirvivor and flurvivore of them and Hm'h other person or peraonH who may Iw In-re- afl«r hy thom the said imrtieH of the second part, or the Hiirvivor or mir- vivoni of them aanociated to and with them the Huid particH of the Beconl |>art or the Hiirvivorn or Hurvivor of them hy virtue of the tniHt hereinafter mentioned and oit hereinafter H|K>cilled, forever : hut n|Min tlie trust neverthelem and to and for the iiHeH, intents cified ; shall and will from time to time and all times hereafter stand seized and be possessed of the said promises hereby granted and released or in- tended BO to be to the intent and purposes that the said lands and pre* mises and all the rents, issues, and profits of the said land and premises and all and every tlie appurtenances thereof shall be employed to and for the use and sup))ort of a Roman Catholic Church to bo established fit Ued Kiver aforesaid and of the priests to 1)0 ap|>ointed to administer roMI'ANY H LANh TRNI'UNH. 41 ficoB of tlir Krmmn (^ntliolic rliurch. Tlu' ori^inulM of tliuHi) iitDHt iiiiportuiit (l(K'Uiiu)ntM uru in the uruhiepiMi'u|>al the rlUM of tlin Koiimn (TnttiMllc UflliKinn lit Rml Kirpr iifbmialrtiiii«|> of (jiuOxm', oiiirorinul)!/ t() thu riilM, rKipilAtiotifi, onlinimcfM, iiiHtoriiH, iinii^ch uiuI iliMi'i|illni« of tliK Mild ("Htholir |)l<)i^N<< nf (jiit'lMT Anl ii|)>)ii (||i> riirtli«>r triiHt Kiiii i'«iiillil«>iii'i< tliiit wlii'iu'V) I ilif Hiiiil Till At < < 'liiill or limy Ihi ri'4«» triiMtoi'N or tint Hiirvivora or mir- vivor of thi>ii> Hliall till up the nuuilx^r of tmvvin truMtttMH, \>y tlut mid tlirtm 'rruHttt«*N or tli«>ir mirviyorH or Miirvivor aMMtH'iiititiK to ami witli tlu^iiimtlviw or liiiiiMirup»r to iip|M)int iit hiu'Ii iiiu'iiut or by Htu'h ypHul and valid a«'t or duod aH to tlu'ni tli«« naid tlirt't> TruNt«H>K or U\v Nurvivors or Niirvlvor of thuiu may m'ciii lit and projicr to tlii> in- tent that tlu'rc may !>«• a pcrpotual HiuT»>Mnion of (It porHonii to nsprcwnt tlu< Huid particH of tlut Htn-oiid part for thn purpoH«>Hof thu umch, truntHtind intiMitM hori'in containod, annd>y i^unttHl and liarKain- (>d to ho fon^vur flulijcct to the conditionH oxprtmrnMl in tiio Hiiid grant herotoforu inado by the (uiid (iovurnor and Cuiii|)any to th« miid party of th(i flrHt part l>y indunturo l)(>arinK dat« tho twelfth day of Junu one tlioiimind eight hundred and uleven. And the miid party of tho flrHt part for hiniHolf, hiB hcirti, oxccntora and adinlniHtratorH, doth covenant, grant, proiniHe and ngroe to and with the naid partieH of tiio Hwcond part, their h(>irH and aHHigiiH that he th(> naid party uf tho llrHt part in now the true, lawful and riglitful owner of all and NingulAr the naid priMuiseH with the appurtenanceH, and iu law- Adly pofwt^aHetl of a gocHl and olear oHtato of inheritance thoruin in fee Rimple, and hah good right, full power and lawful authority to grant, release, anfor«> r(tiiiurki>*l no proniiMo, ii|)fmrtiiniti>t*«>« ntul ovvry pitrt iinl tli«iirt mikI to till' Miirvivorn uml Mtirvivor of tliMin kihI miu'Ii <)lh«r \mrmm» who may ti« hMnuirior by tlu«tii thn mIiI itnrtiiNi of tliw wirond |)Hrl or tlu» mirvlvore or Niirvlvor of th«>iii mtiKM-liitlnK to mul with thoin tlitt Miiil |Nirtl«>H o' tlio iH'(-rtiinlMr h««P-iiilN>rur«« H|ii'<'illi>o«M>H nfun'MRhl iim liy tht< Maiil |N>nton or |Nnthy «(miiti^l und iMrpiiinni pmiiimw with th« iippiirti>nHnt-«tM nnd itvttry part und pArcol thrriMtf unto tht* mid purtlvn of th«> MH-ond purt mid Iho MUrvivorHor Hur* vivor of thoni tin unit! partli'H of tho m><-ond pint or tht> Hiirvlvora or mirvivor uf thoni, mtwitiut- 9t\ to und with thotn thf MHid pai .ion of tlio nccond |i«rt or tho mirvlvora or mirvivor of th« "irtno of tho trtint horoinlN'foro niontlonod in thiit hohiilf und in tho inunnor hcrolnhoforo ii|M>t'ill*>d, iiKuiiiHt tho luwrnl nlulniH and doiuundN of ull |p4>nionH whonimMworclalniinirand toolalin hy nr from iindor him tho nuid part/ of tho llrnt |Mirt, hin holnt or OMHli^nii, hIiuII und will warrant and forovordofond. In WItnoHH whoroof tho partion to thoHo firom-nlM havo iioronnto i*- Npoctivoly N«t thoir handii nnd hohIh tho day and yoar llrHt ahovo writton, at Monlroal Hrnri>t*Hid, whoro no ntampH aro iinod, In tlio proNonco of tho nntlumiunud witnowioHH, thorn* iiroHontf liavinK lH*en mado duuhlo. (HlKnoh>iu*iH C. R. Bp. of (JiU'hfc," (L.H.) (Hinned) " Itonx I'." (L.H.) (SiKnod) ".Ih. N. I'rovemhor, F»tro"{L.H.) (Sij^nod) "Sov. Dnniloiiin," (K.H.) (Si^nod) "S. do Ueanjou." (I..H.) WitneHW^fl. (HinntMl) " 11. Honoy" (L.8.) I A.^1 i«..Ai 1 I'onr vraio oopio oonformo a 1' nriKinid. I Arcmo|)i I ^g ^ ^, UaiilarKoon, I'th. Socrotairc, Archeriche de I Meai. ) Quebec, ft A out, 1870. (7) Hind'H Hod Kivor Kx|Kfd., ttupm, p. 174 ; and Amon' plan of Set- tlement, BUimi, note (i. Vide alno ArchihiHhop TocIk'^'h Vmgl A»ntit (SIR.) "D. Mondolet." (SlK.) " F,. Virfor." (HIk.) "M.O'SnIlivttn." (Slg.) "l.t.Th. B.'dard." (Sig.) "CI. (iRUvroun." COMPAMT N LANI» TINI'HRi. 4S now In pviiUnots wm nimli* by lAtnl H(>lkirk at tUv timu thi« i-i>iivi\iui< t' u'UM oxociittiU uf Qut'lttN', or ut uny other tini«, t(» f(ritnt lotH to iiulividitul ('iuiii*liiiii N(*ttti*rit. Ito ftp|>ur«Mitly liuti t'ull «i>nll«t«ihi-«t iu lh«* uliility i>''thuir l(ni*ro(iit |(itt, to prottu'i th<' ihi4rritori«'H the h«>ii«*HtMor ri'li>(ioii, nioruU uiiU guod onlur,' uihI in thix Uv wuh not niiHtukt'n. It WAM thi> prMctit'o (»t' lior*l Sflkirk'x oxocntorM to up* point liM thuir i(jt(i'iit the ('oiiipuny'H(iov(*riior of AHHinihoin, coiiHitiinontly whun Captain liiil^Mr arrived ut lied Kivur, in thino, 1H22, to entur upon the ilutiim ct' hiH uf!ki> ho brought with him thtt tbUowing liociiinvnt (r) : To Amin'H lliilut'r, K.ih|.. otc. : Sim, —I lirri'lty andmrixt' yr ilii> ••xtiitc of the lute Lonl MKiiiiii) uf hII imiMTn, iHMiki* tuul l»ri'|K'rJy nl t'vt'r> (li-wnplimi U'luiiKinK U> I In- I'Ktulc r Ihti lull- t-iurl nl N-lkirk ; uImu tu runtVLT ull dvlttK (liic> to the Nilil (•Matt ur to the wiiil cxciiitorii uikI trtioltfti by uiiy |H>rtM)n in Hu|N'rt'H laiiiil uml tn mw llic inrrHfury ri'iTiptt* uikI iliM-lmi'KCH In fuitl niiitit I" i uui Hlr, Yuur ulH'tlicnt twrviint, A. COI.VII.K, Kxt'C'Utor uml '[nihtet- uf TIiouiuh, the lutt> of Selkirk. In ailditioti '<) thiH document Mr. litilj^cr brought with him ii powor of uttorney (j»), dated May li>, 1822, from tlio N de Almton ilinm If XDi'd-Uiimt ilf I,' Aiiiirii/Hf, iind IiIh I'lmiiimf mr li Xonl- OtieM df l/Aiiiiritiiii, (r) Hul^fr i*u|K'rH, vol. 2, |>. 7((, in (.'iiiiuiliiui Art-liivi'H iit Otiawa. At l>UKi> 75 of till' volunic Ih an uiu|ile imiwit of attorney from the Company to hiilKei autli<>riziii>r him fo exeiciw an liM'iiin luiiim all the |Mi\verH iii{omery of StttnhojK.' in the County of l*«'ebleH ii, Seotland, Hurone'i. 44 THE HUDSON S DAY } iK'oeptiiig nnd Burviviiig trustceH of Lord Solkirk'fi will nppointitig him iiiul Mr., uftorwanlH Sir (icorgo Hinipson [doMiTilx'd nfl "oiio of tlio governors appointed l»y (tho Iludson's Hay (\)ii)j>aiiy) for thoir TorritorioH called Ru- pert's Land'] their attornevH for the piKpose oi selling and disposhif} of the whole or any part of the District of Assi- niboia "at rtuch ]>rico or prices to be j)aid at such time or times as may he a^rrecd upon" between them "and any person or persons willing to make snc/i purchases^ etc." The plain intention of this power of attorney is that the donees of the power should sell tho land to the settlers or pri'Ht'nt Knijilil (if tlic Sliiro fi)r tlic naiil (.'uunty, Adam Maitluiul of Dim- (IrcTinaii in tlic Coiinly of Kirk(Miill)rij,'lit in Scullaml, KhiiuIic, AikIii^w t'DJvilt' of (Iciiiltri'i' aiiil C'loniii' in tlu' ('(Hiiily of I'vff in Scotlainl and of lA'adcnliall ntrcet in tlic City of T/mdon, Ksiiuiiv, .John Ilalkett foinu'ily of Soynionr I'lacf in tlic Tarisli of Saint Ocor^'V Hanover Sqiiau' witliin tlii' iibcrtii'sof Wt-HtniiniftiT now of the Town of Briglit- lu'lniHtfini' in the County of Sug8«>x, KHquiro, at the prenent beyond the wap, and .lanirs Wcddi'i'lmrn, Ks(iuiro, Ilii^ ^hljt'Hty'H Solicitor (Jenerai for Si'otlan appointed in tlie said District called Ossinilxiia for such purjioses of sale. TnKKKi'oiti; We, the said Sir .James Montj^nu- ery, Baronet, Adam Maitland, Andrew ('olvile, .John llalkett anoliry, uiul tluirc 1h nothing that would Huggont un ititcntion to lease it. Mr. Rohert Parker I'elly, eousin to Sir Jolni Henry Pelly, liart., Governor of the Company, who succeeded Governor Hulger hchl, in common with (Governor 8inii)Hon, a Himihir liantls in tin- said District of Ossiniboiu nc(|uir('(l ])y tlic said Tlioinas Karl of Selkirk from tlie said Governor and ConjiMiny of Adventurers tradin},' into Iludson's Bay at such price or prices to l)e J>aid at such time or times as may be at;reed upon by and Itetween the said (ieorgi' Simpson and Anet to such covenants as tlu; said (ioorsre Simpson and ,\n;rant for uh and in our names sudicient disehargew and reiiuittiuuvh wiiieh shall he equally ).';ood aw if granted by us. In witnes.w wlierettf we have hereunto net our liandn anhiy in the Year of our Lj .Montgomery (being (ii'.-^t duly stumped) in the presence of (Sd) Sand l5ishop|). " ( ieo. I.o.mieh. (Sgd) Jas. Montgomery (Seal). Signed wealed and delivered by the Huid Adam Abiitland (being lirnt f the late Thomas Karl of Selkirk, the wind grist-mill now being erected, with the old eHtablishnient of Fort l)ouglas comprising one hundred acres of land for the sum of four hunilred pounds sterling, pay- able as follows, viz: one hundred and fifty pounds on or before the Ist .lune, iHL'fl; one hundred and fifty pounds on or before the Ist June, 1827, and one hundred pounds on or before the 1st June, 1828. And the said Robert Ixjgan further agrees to grind any grain or pulse that may be lirought to the said mill from settlers or others at a moulter not exceeding that which is established in Canada, to l)e determined by the (ientlemen of the Catholic Mission. It being well understood that the said mill shall 1 3 put into the possession of the said Robert Logan in a complete and finished state. In witness whereof the said parties have hereunto set their hands this {)th day of July, 1825. w;t^«.. /i^- McKknzie. (Sd.) ROBT. LOGAN. v> itness, j yjj^^ Heuon. (Sd.) R. P. PELLY. It is further agreed between Governor Pelly and Mr. Logan that from the period of the mills being delivered up to Mr. Logan, Mr. Mitchell shall be transferred to him until the expiration of his present contract, which takes place on the Ist of June, 1826, for which consideration Mr. Logan shall pay the one half of Mr. Mitchell's expenses to the estate of the late Earl of Selkirk from the time the mill is delivered until the first of June aforesaid. Witnesses I ^^"^'^ ^^- ^cKenzie. W itntsfats, I ^j^^j^ y^,^^ Heuon. (Sd.) ROBT. LOGAN. (Sd.) R. P. PELLY. It is further understood that the charge or moulter for grinding shall be 10 per cent., i. e., if ten bushels are ground, one bushel shall be the allowance for the mill. (Sd.) GEO. SIMPSON, 9th March, 1827. Fort Garry. 1 i! 48 THE HUDSON 8 BAY I statuto of FruudH, 2d Clmrlen II., c. 3, novor was in force (u) in Rupert's Land, as it was not luissed till after the grant of the Company's charter in 1670, and a mere verbal Imrgain and sale, therefore, was suiheient to pass the title both at law and in equity. The statuto of Enrollments, 27 Hen. viii. c. 10, which rei^uired every bargain and sale of any estate of inheritance or freehold to be by deed in- 4lented and enrolled within six months from its date in one of the courts of Westminister, or before the ciistos rotulo- rum and two justii^es of the peace and clerk of the peace in which the lands lay, or two of them at least, whereof the clerk of the court should be one, was because of the primitive state of the settlement whicli rendered it im- possible to comply with its provisions, in a similiar position. Though documents evidencing Governor Felly's sales of lands are scarce, such is not the case as regards the acts of Governor Simpson. Many of his " eertilicates " have come down to us, the writer having luid upwards of a dozen in his possession at one time. The}' are almost in- variably written on a manuscript blank in an engrossing hand, the spaces being filled in nearly always by the signer. The size is about three quarters that of this page. Here- under are five examples, chosen from those above men- tioned. The small capitals are not in the originals. 1. Mr. Win. R. Smith has itrchased from tht' estate of Ix)rd Selkirk, one hundred acres of land, or six chains frontage, on the west side of the Red river, adjoining .lohn .Tames Smith's Ix)t at the rate of ten shillings per acre, amounting to Fifty jx^unds sterling, of which sum he has this day paid in cash Twenty pounds, and the remainder of the purchawk MONKV, say JEliO Stg., he promisees to pay upon or Ijefort! the Jst day of June, 18;i<), otherwise this agreement i^hall l>e void. The Ilx)undariee to he adjusted when the land shall Jje regularly surveyed. Red River Settlement, 25tli May, 1833. (Sd.) Oto. Simpson, Oovr. (u) Sinclair v. Mulligan, 3 Manitoha Reports 4!SJ, and 6 Man. Eep. COMPANY S LAND TENURES. 49 2. Kdwanl Moad occuplcH a li)t of Two liundretl and Hfty acres land, Hay Huvt'n and a liulf cliaiuH frontage, or one hundred and twi'nty-tivu acn'H, on fucli side ol' tin- Ht-d Uivfr, imiiu'iliaU-ly ultovc the Hevd, Mr. Cochmn'H, tin- iKMindurieH to l)e nettled wlieji the land Hhull Ihj regularly Hurveyed. Twenty-tlve acren of which ho received fkbk of coht from tlie llndMon'H Hay Company, in connideration of jiaHt HerviocH, and tlie re- maining,' two huntlred and twenty-five acrcH he aKreew to riia iiamk at the rate of Ten inliillin^H Htjt. per acre, amounting to £112.10.0 half of which Hum Hay £r)(i.r).0, he luiHthiH day )uuuM nrrriciH. Forkn Uvil Hlver Sottloini'nt, // .1/(11/. l«'"t''>. (Hgd.) Ueo. SirnpHon. Thin cancH'lH nli other ci'rtitlcuti'H horetufore given for lain!. 6. Tlu'Ho are tocertifv tiiat the Widoir of Johii Srnrtli huH heeii put in pOHsesHion of eiyht cliainH frontage or one hundred acrcH of Ijind on tho Main river hiluw tlie Forkn and that a formal lieed will he jjivt-n him (jh'c) for the name alter tlie Hurvey of the Settlement hIuiII have heen completed, in cunHideratif)n of wrviceM rendered hy her lute lIuHhand (fr»>e of vu»i.) Sgd. Qto, Himpgon, Forkn Red River Settlement, "I 11 Mivj, \KVy. / ThiH cancels all other certificutea heretofore Kiven for land. [Written on hack in S'"- (teo. SinipHon'w hand.] Two chainH or !?.'> aorew upper end of the rx)t given to William Goddy in i>ayment of a deht of Eight l'ound.4 due to his late Father'w estate by Scarth for which this Piece of Ground wuh his Security — tho 2 adjoining chains or '2n acres heluw the 2 already named given to William Lisk in payment to services rendered to Scarth by Lisk, and the remaining F'our chains or fi'^ acres held by the widow. Geo, SiiDpHon, 11 May, 1825. It will be remarked that, save the first, in all the above cases the grantees got their land, or at least the greater part of it, free, in consideration of past services. In niRiiy instancies the holders of such certificates recorded rmles on their part in the margin, as in the fourth above given In all of them is a reference to the survey about to be com- pleted and in four of them a promise of " formal title deeds " when that survey should be finished. It is ex- tremely doubtful whether any of the allottees got his con- veyance. t c 1 c (I ( 1' COMPANY S r.ANI) TRNirilKS. 61 There \n no BUggostioii whatevor of a leauu in any of thoHO (locuntentH but on tho contrary not Buldoin Honie re- ference to 11 purchase. Ho far UH in known none of HinipHon'rt certificateH boars date after 1885 ho th'M would bo anothor circuniHtanco iti favour of theuBBJimption of a prior page, 19, that it waH not til! 188(5 that the Conj]>uny took over tlie rt<(ttk>inent. A further authority in favour of that ) 38 Vic. cap. 43, wo. 4, 1875. (u) 38 Vic. cup. 52, H. 1. (y) Report on Canadiii Archives for 1886, p. clxxxvii. m \i\ M TIIK HU[>tU>N H BAY dated ut Yarmouth, June 27, 1811, whore'.u h»« Hayn "Two " copiuH of tho proHpoftiiH an.MKRY, of Stanhope in tho County of I'eebles in Scotland, lUironet; Auam MArrr.AND, of Dundrcnnan in the County of Kirkcudbright, KHquire; Andhkw Col- viLK, of Ociiiltret' and Crombie in the County of Fyfe in Scot- I rOMI>ANY » LAND TINURK6. 68 Hot' »»tth<'Hu loHH«»H hoar tlio Hume dato, Au^iut 1ft, 1H24, uikI hii^ Hi^iii'd l»y " K. I'. Polly, (lovcrncr of A-SHini- boitt" uii*l Uol>ert liognii thi) Iohhoo. Tlio IuiuIh «1uiiuho(1 v. o tatid, iitxl of LcHili'itliull Stroot, in th«> City of I/(>n*lon, Vm- (jiiiri'; JtiiiN II Ai.KK-n, ftifiiu'rly <»f Hiwniour Plat^, in t\ui Parinh of Saint Pnriuh of St, Martin in th«> ll(lM, in the Mhcrtieii of WwitnilnHter, KHqnirc ; I'nd JamI'>i VVnonifKiiiKN, MH(inlr««, IIIh Ml^eHty'M S()licitoi-(i»'in'rftl for Srotl»ii>i ; Tr'iHt»«H, to whom tfi« «l«'.eaM.'.| THOMAS KARL OK SKIAIUK (l*>viHt>.l all hl« roHl and porNonul KHtiitoN wli»'r««r Mit oih' datud tlu> tw<'i\tit'tli day of l)e«'fm- lj«r, in tlm yrar lH()(i. and tho other dated th« 7th day of AuKiiHt, ill Iho year IHIK ; txtth duly picov I in tlu; F'ri«r(>Kiitivf» Court of His (irat'B th(^ ArciiljiHhop of i. .tnterbury, on tho Hixth day of June, in tho Year 1820; and alw» duly regiHtori'd in the UeK>8ter Hook A, folio , of tho K«<«ri8try of thiH Colony, at on th« HankHof Red Rivfr, 'ihe otluT TruHtceM named and ap- pointed by the i;aid dcceaBeci ThoniaH Earl of Selkirk having de- clined to aTith PartH of n icrtain Tract of Land, or Territorry, being with- in, and forming Part of i-ertain IjindH and TerritoricH of the said ^Governor and Company in North America, called Uupert'H l.aml have beMi conveyed and aHHured unto, and to the Use of, the the said Earl of Selkirk, IiIh Heirs, and AHsignfi, for ever; never- thdeHH, upon, undi-r, and subject to, certain C^onditiotiH in the said Indenture, expresaed and det lared concerning the same, which Indenture is duly regiHtered in the Uegintry of tluH Colony, kept at , in Book A, folio an Al)8tract of which Con- ditiouH is contained in Schedule, No. 1 hereto annexed. And whereas the said is desirous of eetablisliing himself as a Settler upon the said Land, and the nivid first Parties to these Presents have agreed to Demise such Part thoreof as in hereinafter described, unto the said in manner hcrinafter mentioned. Now therefore, this Indenture Witnesseth, that in pursuance of the said Agreement, and in con- — —mimmmimi 64 rilK III'IWON H HAV wero lotK Hit) mid 84^ <'oiifniiiiii^' 120 uml 'J15 '' H«|imr« arn'H " rt'HjM'ctivi'ly, uihI hII t)ri t)u> oaiit hunk of tin- Itrd River. Tlir lawt cliiiirto 'ih worthy of nolioo for it provitlcM tiiili>mtii)ii of iif lawful KnKli'<'> Moix'y, \mU\ by tlie ■uiil to th«> KHid llrnt I'lit'tU'H of llu rrt>M< wiid I'.irtii'H to thttnt* I'ri-ht'iitH H«< I'rrxvntH, 'iriiiit, DtMiiiHc, and I.«>ax«< iitito tlif Haid Kxitrtitor-M, AdiiiiiiiHtnitorH, and Ahmikiin, all tliut I'anvl of hand, ht'iuu part of tlu- Naid Trart of Land, or Tirrltory, i'<»nv»»y«'d and aMHurt'd to tilt' Kaid d*><'t*aHt>d TlionuiM Karl of Selkirk, aH aforcMihl, containini; by Adtnfaf^nrniu'Mt H(|iiare AcruH ami Imunded by nn imaginary Line, at* followH, (that in to Hiiy) : To have und to hoUl th(> Haid l4ind hi'r«hy demiaod, or intended HO to bv, and every I'art thereof unto the Haid Kxecutorn, AdininlHtratorH, and AhmIkuh, from the hay of ttie Pali' of tbeHe I'rtmeiitH, for tiu' full Term of Om- ThoiiHand Yearn, thenf* next ennuintf, and fully to be complete and ended ; YieldinK and pay* 11)^ therefor Yearly and every Year, durinK the tiai and with the naid (IrHt I'artiOH to thene I'reHentH, and their Anni^ns, and the HeirH and AHMi^nw of the Haid ThomaH Karl of Selkirk, t'lat the HaiHf>ever, deriv- ing' Title by, from, fhroujfli ir under him, them, or any of them, Hhall and will at all timeH durinK the Haid Term, otmerve, perform, fultil,and keep all and HiiiKular the Cot..iitionfl expreHHe]>ly to tlie Lam! hereby demined : and alHo the Onlera and |{e«ulationH Hpecitied in .*^che(hile No. 'J, hereunto anne.\ed, in ho far au the Hanie apply to the Land hereby demiHcU. And alHo that the Haid or AHHignn, shall and will henceforth settle and establiHh hiuiHelf, herself, or tbem- eelvcH u])on the Haid Piece of I-«nd hereby demined ; And alBo that he, nhe, they, or Home one of them, Hhall and will, within YearH from the Date of thcHe PreHontn, bring or cause to procure to be brought into a State of Cultivation OOttTANY'li LAND TINirilRll. 66 thnt the loHnoe mimt rt«Kldtor not only " thoKo f>ro«iont« '* hut " ovory Huhm»<(m>nt coiivryufifp, jinHij;fiim«Mif, or IniMo of th«f horohy duniiHod prt'iniHOH, or of imy jturt thuruot', Part of thtt maIiI (li«inlMMl Ijiad, uixt tlutncefurth amtiniiu tlie Mint! in Miich StuU<. Anil fitrtlu'i tliiit. Iho huIiI Kxfciitiirx, AilniiiiiMtnitom, iitiil ANMitciiM, Hhiill uikI will frot'i tiiiu^ to tlmn, liiuliUitll tiiiii>M liir- inx the Huid 'iVriii, contribiito iti ii iliitt I'ropnrtioii to tli«* Kx|)«iih« of all I'libllc KHtultllHhtiiontM. whftliiT of a KcTUwiaNtical, Civil, Military, or ntlicr Nutiin-, whi'li nIiuII or iiiHy Ix* foriiii>n uiul Kninti' iatid ho convi^ynl to lh«> aiil iliTiuiMod Tliornaii Earl uf Selkirk ax aforoMuiil, <'H|HHMHlly in or towunlM th«> Making and Ke|)airlnK of l'iil>li<' HoadM and i(ridt{(>H. And furtluir, that the Haiti KxttriitoP', AdnuniHtratorN, ANNJ^nh, or other Peraon, or PerHonMd««rivinK Titl«« by, from, throuttli. or under tilm, them, or any .if tiitMu, Hhall not at any tinii' or tinit'N during tlio Huid Term, bJHtil, or canxt!! or proitirt^ to Im- |)iHtilli>d, ."^piritouM LiipiorH of any Nature or Kind Houver, U|Mtn the Land hereby de- nUM'tl, nor upon or within any Part of the Lund or Territory mo I'onveyed to tlie Haiti (leteam-d ThomaH Karl of Selkirk iw afore- said, nor Hhall any other I'eraon or PernouH whoniwtvver, at any time !), (Have and (!X(;ej)t Hucb HijjlitH, PowerH, TriviletjeH, Iniiinniitiefi.and l-'ranohiges, as are incident to the Land thereby Knmted, or any Part or Parcel of the fame,) without the Licenne or ConHent of the (iovernor of the Haid Company, and their SuccessorH for the time being, for that purpose first had and obtained. iSecond/v, That the said Karl of Selkirk, his Heirs, or Assigns, or any Person deriving Title by, from, tliroiigh, or under him, them or any of them, shall not in any manner, without such License or Consent as aforesaid, carry on, or establish, or attempt to carry on or estab- lish, in any Parts of North America, any Trade, or Traflic, in, or re- lating to any kind of Furs or Peltry, or in any manner directly or indirectly aid, or abet any Person or Persons in carrying on sucli Trade or Traflic, or in any manner (otherwise than is thereinafter mentioned) navigate, or traflic, or assist in navigating, or trafticing upon, or within any of the Seas or Waters within Hudson's streighta aforesaid, or unlawfully enter into, or trespass upon any part of the Land or Territories belonging to the said (Jovernor and Company, and their Successors, in or at Rupert's Land aforesaid, not thereby granted. Thirdhj, That the said Karl of Selkirk, his Heirs, and Assigns, and all and every the Person or Persons whomsoever, claiming or deriving Title by, from, through, or under him, them, or any of them, as Leesee, or Leesees, or otherwise, shall, and may convey any Pro- duce of Rupert's Land aforesaid, save and except the Furs and Skins of Beavers, and other Animals of a wild and untamed nature) to Port Nelson, in Hudson's Hay, and to commit, send, and consign the same to the Port of London, to be deposited and Lodged in the Warehouses belonging to, or to be from time to time appointed by the said Governor and Comi)any, and their Successors ; and in like manner to import, bring, and convey into the said Land and Terri- tories, called Rupert's Land, any Goods, Wares, Merchandise, or Commodities of any Kind, Nature, or Description whatsoever, as well manufactured as unmanufactured, for the Use, Convenience, and Consumption of the Persons beiiie or residing within ttie limits of the Lands thereby granted, and to sell, barter, and ex- change, or otherwise dispose of the same, at his and their Will or Pleasure. Fonrthlij, That the said Produce, Goods, Waies, Merchandise, and Com- modities, shall be conveyed to and from Port Nelson in Ships or I f^a^sixsa 'I 68 THR HUDSON 8 BAY in its entirety. The colony register itself has disapjtoared, overtaken, (lonbtiesH, by the mysterious fate which hus be- fallen nearly all the public rotiords of Assiniboia. No Vi'hhoIh, to b<> from tinio to tinio provifU'd ]»y the Haid ( fovernor and Company, and tlu'ir SiicceHHorH, in pursuance of the Agreement in that l)ehalf thereinafter mentionetl. Fijitlilil, Thai the naid (lovernor and Company and tJieir SuccesHors, shall and may «!iaim and Hliall he paid and alh)wed by tiie Owner or Pro- prietor, or ( )wnerH or rroitrii'tors of the wvid Produce, (JoocIh, Wares, MereluvntliseH, and Commodities, or ('harges as and for and in the nature of Quayage, Wliarfage, Warehouse Room, and Commission for Sale, whieh whall be, or constitute the Average or ordinary Price or PriccH in similar eases, together with such Charge for Freight- age as hIuiII at tlu; time or respective times be paid, or payable for Vessels navigating between the Ports of London and (iuebec, or at or for such rates of I">eight as Vessels can or may be chartered be- London and Hudson's Bay, and the said (Governor and Company shall and may also charge, and shall be paid and allowed for the License thereby given and granted to and for the purposes therein after mentioned as in the nature of a Custom or Duty, any Sum not exceeding £.5 for and upon every £.100 in Value or amount of tlio Produce, Goods, Wares, Merchandise, and Commodities, which shall or may be conveyed to or from Port Nelson aforesaid, and so in pro- portion for less (Juantity in Value or in Amount than £.100, unless the same kind of Produce, Goods, Wares, Merchandise, and Com- modities, shall be subject to a higher Kate of Duty or Importation at (iuebec, and then in cases of Importation the said Governor and Company, and their Successors, shall and may charge, and shall be paid and allowed at and after the same Kate as shall be paid or pay- able at tiuebec, such Value or Amount to be from time to time fixed and ascertained in all cases of Imi)orts by and upon the actual and bonn jidi' Invoice Prices, and in ail Cases of Exports by the Net Proceeds of Sales at London. SCHEDULE, No. 2. ABSTRACT of Orders and Kpgulations to be observed by Settlers, now and hereafter to be Settled on the Lands contained in the said Grant by the said Governor and Adventurers Trading into Hudson's Bay. That the Settlers shall at proper Seasons in every Year, use their endea- vours for making and Repairing the Public Roads and Highways, and shall be chargeable therewith, as followeth, that is to say, each Sett- ler shall employ himself, his Servants, Horses, Cattle, Carts, and {I COMPANY S LAND TBNUUB8. 59 more such IcaeeB, save one (a), have come to liglit and, apparently, as these are the only survivors, there could not have been many of them in existence. They are signed on behalf of the executors by R. P. Pelly, but a careful con- sideration of the power of attorney above given raises a doubt that he had the power to grant leases, an) raises a similar doubt in regard to the executors tliemselves. For the benetit of readers not versed in law it may be mentioned that a lease for any number of years is of no higher dignity than one for but one year, both are merely chattels and pass to the personal representatives of a decedent. Legislatures, however, as the editors of the American edition of Williams on Personal Property {c) observe, havT in certain cases considered leases for long unex- pired terms as being worthy of being converted into estates in fee, as for instance in Ohio and Massachusetts, and, as will be seen later, this was the course adopted by Canada on its acquisition of Rupert's Land. (!arriaj?e8, and other thinKS neceHHury for the purpowe, on evory day, and every place, to he appointed hy the Surveyor or Overseer, for making or amending the Public Roads or Highways, not exceeding at and after the rate of oix Days in every Year, to be computu;h. The SwIhs settlers also, as may be seen by reference t«; the "Terms" given at length in the appendix, purchased their land " free from all rent or annual payment " in lots of not less than 100, nor more than 500 acres for each %mily at Osh. per acre ; one third cash before being put into possession, the balance in 3 equal ainiual instalments with live per cent, interest ; if they paid the wliole price before embarking from Rotterdam a deduction of 20 per cent, was allowed. Those who "preferred" paying an annual rent, in specified bushels of wheat, on " leases for ever " could do so, as provided in the " Terms." Fortunately some of the agreements made between Governor Bulger and these Swiss settlers have been preeer- ved. Three of them are to be found among his papers (e) (d) Bulger Papers, mpra, vol. 2, p. 30. (e) Vol. 2, pp. 257, 60 and 201. t . I COMPANY 8 LAND TCNUUK8. 61 already niontinnod. Thoy all l)oar the Rume date, August 21, 1822, and the graiiteoH are ChriHtiaii Rickiier, NiidiolaH TTaiifliiiaii and Si^iHtiioiid Flotroii. I[(>re iti Ilaufriuan'ii ugrooiimut, which Hcrvori aw an example of the othern : It in licrchy iiijnHMl iM'twi't'ii Aiulrtw Uiilp-r on lln |mit nf ^llo^•xflcu• t put into |M)MH(>HHion uf tlii^ Iiomhu uml iuml latuly occn|ii«' conditioHH eontainud in Mr. llalkett'H " Meniuninduin of th(^ 2eth July, IH'2'2," which Ih depowilt'd in the colony ollice. Sijfiied at Fort Doiiglan, lied Kiver wttlenient the tvventy-llrnt of Auguwt, IHlil*. (SiKiH'pcar8 now duuxed apiinnt their respective huHhanils in the (olony hookH, it appears to Mr. Ilalkett, under all the variouH distressinj; circumstances attendin>; this settlement, that these debts ho standing,' in these IxxikH, should be cancelled, and he will sajr^est to Lord Selkirk's executors in Kn>.dand the i)ropriety of contirmiuK this decision. These as stated in a list laid before me appear to amount to the sum of one iiundred and sixty-nine pounds antl one shilling, in which ono year's interest is included. (Sd) J. Ilalkett. Forks Red River, July 20tb, 1822. The relation betv/een this memorandum and the condi- tions upon which the grantees were to hold their lands is not at first sight apparent ; but it is evident from sixteen pounds having been paid that the title acquired was a fee and not a leasehold ; the sum was too large to be for rent even if rent were payable in cash, which it was (/) Ibid, vol. 2, p. 157. 62 TlliC illJDHON 8 UAY t ( not, Imt, aM 1iu8 l)oen hoom, in produce, wheat; apparont- ly llaiiti'ntait hud married ono of thf " wonn'ti from Ktiri>p«> " wlioHf puHHu^i' rcmaitMMl unpaid, and iinlcHK tho oxi'tutorrt adopted Mr. IIall\»'tt'H Hii^^oHtion to fr«'i> liini from thin doht it wotdd bo churgud uguinrit hiri lundH in tiio bookrt of tilt' i'ol«»ny. In Heptcndu'r, 1H22, after tlu> departure of Mr. Ilal- kett from Red Viver, the Rev. Th. DohtroirtnuiinonH of 8t. Boniface, on he. If of liisiiop I'rovetu'hor, mhlreHHod to Governor Mulder nericH of nine (ph'HtioiiH reijarding thi tenure of hiiidH at Red River under Ijord Selkirk and more j)artl( uhirly the rightw of the Ronum Cyiitholic church in repird to itw poHHOHHioiiH. Tiu*re appeared to he a ut tlvo Hhillitiju^H \wr iuto, tuid Mioliuol (iluticn (i) lot No. 16<{ at thu Huniu ruto. Ab a rcHult of t)u» oviilonco, dociimontary and otliorwlao, adduoed during t]w courHi* of thirt ehaptur, it \h lioped that it has HufHri«>jifly appeared : \, TUat in tlio vury great nitijority of vuhvm the ontatoB KiivitiK n'nHon to Ih-Hcvo thut it woh tlu* intention of the Inte Knrl of Hclkirk, to ^runt to ChurloK (iuHimnl Hriice, interpn'tor of the Suiiteiix Nation the jut of laiiil originally marked oil' for the interpreter of the colony ; and Immii^ quite <-ertaintliat it will he of material anHHion of thut lot, I do herehy in the name of the execiitorx of flie naid late Karl of Selkirk prumiHe to the ^ \\i\ CharlcH (ianpard liniee, th'it lie hIuiII |M)HHeHH and enjoy the Haiti lot of land fre«' of price or rent, hut Huhject to ull the other conditioriH impoHed upon nettlern in l{ed Itiver; tiie naid lot .)f land numlK>nMl 15H . ii the plan coiifainluK elev" Kn^fliHh etututo ucrcH, antl bounded on the north by tlie land of Michael Ho\iH<|Uet ; on the «'aHt hy the road communicatin>f with (ierman CJreek ; on the Kouth by the land of Michael Scheller;and on the went l>y the Ued River. Signed in duplicate at Fort iMiglao, KeuH(diohl. Ah to tho nftturo of the OHtatoH grunted by tho Com- pany whtMi it took ovor AHuinihoiu I'lorii Lonl Solkirk'u oxocutorB, thiH will ho connidorod in tho noxt ohuptur. It - f . LllMlgJg l - ,^ COMPANY M LAND TKNIIHKH. M I*' I' I CIIAITKR IV. Or TIIK KMTATKH (tUANTKt) IIY TIIK IIiUMON'h JiAY OoMPANY IN AHMINIItOlA, AND TDK UKi'ddNITION HY TIIK ('oMPANY AND Canada ojr tiik claimm uk l^ouit Ski.kiuk'h hktti.kkh. The ooiiiMion l)('lit>r, ulroudy rotVrroI to on page 21, tliat tlio TTiuIhoii'h Huy (lompiitiy ^iiuiti'd only IciiHj'lioldrt in AMrtiiiilioiji, took itn v\m\ doiilitU'HH, in f ho «>vi(l('n<'(< ^ivon by «'('rtuiii utHccrH oltliuf ('onipjmy hcfon' tin- St'lcct ('oni- mitt(M' of tin* llouHt- of (!oinino!iK in 1857. Sir (Juorj^o Hinjjwon tlicro Htated (/) tliut tlu* tenure of land whh for 999 yoiirH und that it waH by reeoiuinondation of coiiiiHel that leaHOH wero >(rantod. Tlu! form of "land deed " liand- od in to the Oonunittuo by 8ir George, a IcaHo for 1,000 yearn, will bo found at page 801 of the report. Ho testi- fied (Ic) further that the HottlerH wore watiHtiotl for the numt part to hold their landH withotit a deed, that if they aHlced for a deed they reeeived ono in the form mentioned, that it waH a very unuHUal thing for a Hottler to mk lor one, in fact nineteen-tvventieths of the people had no title, "they H([uat and set themHelvoH down " on unoccupied land utj- molcHted by the Company, only if tliey did come for a deed they wero ro(iuired to pay for the land ; the restrictive clauses wero never made use of by the Company to restrain settlement at Red River. Mr. Alexander Kennedy Isbistor stated {I) that he believed himnelf to be, as heir of his father, the owner and not the lesee under the Company of certain lands, but as appears from a document he handed in as being of tho same nature as his own he was simply a lessee for a 1,000 ij) QuoHtionB No8. 101)8, IKU dseq. ik) QueetionH 18«0-1«74. (I) (iuestion 2605 et acq., und api)endix at p. 371. 66 Till IIUDtOll'f lAT } jpnni : no wmm hIho .lolm Hlutur, who htid u Icuno (m) for % •iniilur twrni. Lt. Cfil. Culilufll, tor Mi* von ytmm rnor of AitNint- hoin, liiniti'il tlif a|i|>li«'atioii oi Hir <}i>orf(t> HinipMon'M Mtatm riM'titM iiM to t)ii< M<|Uiittiii^, Huyin^ ( n) ttiiH took plii< <• riiuiii- ly ** further up th(> ANMitiihoiiut " hikI that lattrrl}' th«<('oin« |>uii}' WHM inor«t Ntriiif(ont in itM rcKiihitioiiH, ro(|uirin^ a cor* tain iuiioniit of iiioiify to he paifori* pi'opic u<'r«'l«>t, into poHHcHnion of lan*l. That tht< foiincil of AHhinilMiiu rv- (■ogni/.oarH t'rorii iIh niin- uti'M of the 27th K«'hruar\, IntKi, .m wlii.h rt arinin^ Ixluitn prrHonM who *' tak(> hintl oiitHido of tho part nf thu colony already Hur- '* vey«»d, or «v«n that exrocdin^ tho liinitM of tho colony, ** tho ina^iHtratuM ho anthori/.od to take for tho prinoiple *' that V2 ohainM Hhall ho tho lintit of pro-oinption ri^ht *'arinin|,f frnm (urupation." WIuto, liowovor, tho l!onj- pany had nuoh- a ^rant of laiuU thoy woro carofid to hoo that their grantor waH protootod. An itiHtancoof tho kind may ho found in an intoroMting caHo oi Curricrc v Ihiijunn (o), tried at the Upper Dint riot Local C'ourt, at Kort (lurry, in 1H60. Th. plaintiff waw allotted tho land in .July, IHtJO, and had hiti namo untorod therefor in tho rogistor. He found the defendant cutting hay thoroon, a right which ho clttiinod to have oxonriHod for 12 or 18 yearw, hut with- out a licence from the (-ompany. Tho plaintiff hringing an action for tho trcspaHH, Dagnon Hought to jUHti fy on tho ground lli;i( the land on the River Soino waH outwitlo tho two milo limit of tho tract granted hy the IndiaiiH to Lord Selkirk along tho Red liivor. The court fouiul for the plaintiff, ronuirkij'g tlnvt though in general the Company (m) Ibid p. 439. (n) Ihid, (lUOHtions WiftH d hi-ii. {<)) A r(<|M)rt of thJH cuhc iiiuy l)i> found uiulur date uf Aug. 28, 1860, ill tho Nor' • Wetter, imhlinhv(l ut Fort Garry. OOMPANV M LAND TlttUMl. 67 diipoiuul only of Iniid within thn two inilo limit (thetxtrnt of th«> MiirvAy) yot in t)i« proaoiit tami tint luiid luy witi in tliut litiiil UN )>y hut trcMty ucinuit of nix niil«d Aroiiiut Kort DoitgliM ; th«> court *ii(I not udruit, ujipttruittly, thu lutfUMitity of uny grunt from t\\v I'A'xmm*. Tn B ('«n« (/») brought iMmi« yoHrn lM«fon», thut •)f M<'l)>'r' molt V Fi/iiut ft nl., i\w (}»Muuii «li' tlcrcnduntH, uguinHt whom an action for wrt)nKfully cutting wooil hud l)«>i>n hroiight, ruiHod, apparently in good faith, what now appourn un ulmoHt farcical d, hud only grunted to Lord Kclkirk the lund j(o.t abovti mentioned, not tlu; wood thorcon, and, uh u hulf- breed, ho conHid(»rcd hiniHolf, in common with othcrn of his race, uh Huccooding to their rightH in the prcmirieH. TIiIm defenci) of oourMu coidd not bo oniertuinud und ''thu rogiii- " ter of landH granted in Rod Rivor Hettloment by the " IIudHon'H Hay (■ompuny wuh then prosi(;ns, sliall or will, within Hix Calendar Months from the date hereof, as to these Presents, and within Six Calendar Months, from the date of each respective Assi^fument or Under-lease, to be made under or through these Presents, and with respect to each such Assignment and Under-lease respectively, cause these Presents and every such Assignment or Under-lease, when made, to be Kegistered in the Register of the said Territories in North America, or of the District in which the said hei^eby demised Land shall l)e situate, and wherever such Register shall be kept at the time. Provided always, nevertheless, and it is hereby declared and agreed, that if the said John Bruce, his Executors, Administrators, or Assigns, shall not in all things well and truly observe and perform all and every the Covenants and Agreements herein contained on his and their behalf to be observed and pertbrmed, Then, and in either of such cases, and either upon or after the first breach, or any subsequent breach or breaches of Covenant, and as to any subsequent breach or breaches, notwithstanding there may have been any Waiver or Waivers, or supposed Waiver or Waivers thereof, by the ac- ceptance of Rent or otherwise, it shall or may be lawful to and for the said Governor and Company, and their Successors or Assigns to enter into and upon the said hereby demised Premises, or any part thereof, in the name of the whole thereof, and to have, hold, retain, and enjoy the same as in their former state, and also to put an end to, and deter- mine the said term of One Thousand Years, or as much thereof as shall be then unexpired, and all and every Person or Persons then occupy- ing the same Premises, or claiming Title thereto, to put out and amove any thing hereinbefore contained to the contrary notwithstanding. In Witness whereof, the said Parties to these Presents have hereunto set 11 : I 74 THI HUDSON H HAT titled on paying off his executorM and taking over the col- ony. Altogether it would be difficult to imagine a more peculiar legal document. In the third chapter the various clames of pereons, five in all, who were entitled to grantu of land in AitHiniboia under Lord Selkirk, have beea enumerated. It is now opportune to mention a sixth and final . iss which came their H«ndi and Realu, the Day and Year lirBt abuve written, at Red Kiver Hettleiuenl aforeaaid. I Three loordu [Hlcinn— or — pi^ltry] deleU are null. his Si|ped, 8eale company'h land tenures. 75 to Rod Rivor under tho auH[iico.s of tho Coin|)any. Ii» 1848, Movoral companios of tho Gth Rogimont of Fo»)t, a dotuch- inent of onj^inooiH, and of artillery, nuni])oring eighteen officers nnd three hundred and twenty-nino men, tlmt had been sent in llStO lor the protection and defence of tho colony when trouble waw anticipated with the United States Oovern- niont over tho Oregon dispute, were recalled, and replaced in tho autumn of tho name year by a body of out-pensioners of Chelsea HospiUd, According to Ross(tt), those latter caino out in two scjuadh of some seventy each, tho second of whirh anived in 1850, and wore under tho command of Major, after- wards Lieut.-Colonel William Caldwell, who also filled the office of Governor of Assiniboia. IIargravo(") places the number at only 50 men, and says nothii.g about a second detachment. IIo mentions that tho term of enrolment was seven years, that each sergeant was promised a free grant of 40 acres of land, eacli corporal HO acres, and each private 20 acreu; but on their ariival it was discovered that there ovor nnd to nil othor porstnis wlioinsoovor. (Into abovo written. Dono at Fort Onrry, on the 8ignuil, Sonlod and Dulivorod in tho prosenco of (8d.) .J. FORTEHCUK Clork Hudson's Bay Co. (Sd.) H. G. JoNEH Clork Hudson's Bay Co. Fort Gabuy, 7 Deo'r. 18G8. (S.I.) J. H. McTavish, Witness (Sd.) J. J. Harorave, Witness. his (Sd.) John X Bruck. mark. 1, James MuUiga'.i, hereby assume all the responsibility of paying to thoH. B. Co. the £4, 17s, 6t/, entered into by John Bruce in tho abovo mortgage and r(>new the mortgage of tho Lot No. 2(i0, this day transferred to mo by John Bruce. (Sd.) J. MULLIOAN. It may almost be assumed that the Alexander Wintzel, or Wontzel, mentioned in above lease was that Alexander Wentzol of Red River Settlement, only son of tho well-known Norwegian fur-trader, Willard Ferdinand Wontzel, referred to by M. Maason, in the tirst volume of his Bonrgeois ile la Compagnie du Nwd-Onest. (n) P. 365. (y) P. 93. i 76 TIIE IltJDfiONS BAT I I »:' woM not enough laiul within tho pn;Mcril»o(l limitA (which l»o itooH not (lutint;), no arrangumontH woro inodo whereby huuim of nionuy wcro 8iih.stitutuy tho Oovernmont in conunand of tho ponHionor corpH, and loft UravoHond in Juno, 1H4H, bearing with him also a coniuiisNion from tho Company as Oovo.uor of Assiniboia, and relieved tho troopn on bin arrival at Red River. HiH corps conHisto*! of 60 men, non-com- nuHsionod olficers and privates, 14 Hinglo men, all tho rest married, with smaller or larger families ; they wore of English, Irish, and Scotch extraction, onrolleti pensioners, who wont out partly as settlers anil partly as troops, tho HUpp()lonel ('aldwoll, in his evidence, referred to certain "printed conditions," under which tho pensioners were induced to como to lied River, tho chief attraction in which was tho promise of grants of land in certain proportions according to thoir several rank.'j. But Lieut.-Colonel Caldwell did not state whether the grant was to bo a leasehold or a froohold, so it bccamo, for tho purposes of this work, of tho iirst importance to procure a copy of those conditions, to soo exactly what tho terras wcro. After an arduous search of more than six months, and after exhausting every means of inquiry, tho author was so fortunate as to obtain a copy, after a lengthy correspondence, from tho War Oftice, in May, 181)4; tho value of the in- formation thus obtained, however, more than comi)ensated for the trouble. The full text of these "conditions on (as) Soo Appendix K for a list of both drafts. M III ) I 1; ,i n TIIK lirnSON'M HAY which it In propoMiMl to enrol ponMionoi-H for Morvico ni Fori (•nrry, in the Territory of th« lIudwm'H Buy Cotnpuny, North Ainorica," will Ik? foiintl in Appontiu niihjuct to no fiirthur niilitnry duty tliuii iiiiiy ho uxiictod from luiy othur rusidunt in dufuiicu of thu Hottloniunt. Tiu) nii'lHon'H liny Coiiiptuiy uro, howuvur, to hiivu thu option, within ono yuitr of thu turniiniition of thu nurvico, of roHiiiiiing poHMUimion of tho hind, on pitying tliu punnionor thu Mcurtainod vidiiu thuruof nt thu tinio, iiicUidiiiK tho buildiiiKH luid crop on thu ground ; or if tho poiiHionur prufor it, hu iniiy rucuivu n frosh grHiit, at a groatur diatanuu from thu Fort, of trublu thu uxtont. In tho evont of doiith boforu tlio torniination of thu novcn yoarn, the grant of land will duvolvu on tho puimionur wlio may till llio vacancy ; but should any iniprovumuntH havo boon iiiadu thuruon, thu namu hIuiII bo valuud ))y hin otlicur, and paid to hia family out of a atoppagu to bu mado from thu ponnionur succuudiiig thuruto ; and till thu arrival of such punaionur, thu funiily uf tho ducuaaud shall bo pormittud to occupy tho ground. A subsecpiont clauHo provided that during tho .sovon ycarH period of onrolniont tho ponHioncr would bo subject to tho provisions of tho Mutiny Act and Articles of War, and might, in certain cases, bo deprived of his residence and allotment ; but once having served his time, no such forfeiture could operate. The provision for resumption of tho allotment by tho Company within ono year after termination of service was ^ I II r'liMur « c'ompavv'm und TKNirnrM. 70 ^ a ri^'lit of ro-purohaNo, Hiiiiply, witliin that puriod ; the IiukI waN rcpmltMi, a.s a prior claiiHo HtatoM, an i)w "al)Molut() pro- perty" of the pj'UMioner; tliiH is fully mHowii l»y tlio fact that iho Company wan to pay thu occupant not ninroly for hix itiiprovoiUitntH hut thn "a«C(»rtaim»f (th) hunl), incluilin^ ttiu hiiihlin^H ami crop on tliu ground." Iluru wu havo, thi>n, yot anotlivr InNtanco of grantn of freehold l»y tho ('onipany. ThcHo allotuiontM wero larj^oly niado in what is now the iiio.it d(!.siral>h( rcHidonco portion of tho City of Winnipf^', and would hu worth an ininiunHu Hunt of money. A ^ood dt>al of misconcoption oxiNtH ax to whu*-') thoNo lots hu^^an, aniri Btftm M)iowiii)( Approxiinatoly whom lot No, 1 ri*nlly wan, it nIiouM I>« poiiitiMl out that, im n niAttor of fnct, thit aImivo* montloixxl plAM of Sirichiir (hioM not "xhow tho nulMliviiioii of No. 1211 of tho IIikIhou'm HAy (\)iiipAiiy'M lotN," hut only a Niiiall portion of it iyin^ went of Colony C/Vouk, And «Io<nitAn(linj,( which Iian AiiNon. Colony (!ru«>k in at It'ONt half a niilo vvuNt of Kurt (larry, Anral)lo<|Uiintity availAblu altiioNt Up to the walls of tho Fort. No. 1 must thortdoro Im» looked for whoro thorc is Nonto prohahility of tlnditi^ it, not whuro it \h coi'tain it wotdtl not have hoen. Kortimatoly, direct ovidenco { ohtaiiialdo on tho point. O«!or^'e II. Turner (//), ahovo roforrod to, knew thoHo ponHionors intiuiatidy, and Htates that thoir lotM wore survoyod by William 0. Smith, c'ork of tho Quarterly (Jourt, and coi imencod Homo fow chainN west of Fort (larry. running originally from tho Assinihoino River to tho hi;;hway. Charles Stodj,'(.ll, formerly a privato of 2!)th Foot, occupied lot No. 1, ho vvaH placen'i( lUy CoiD|>Any. I^)t No. 11, Timtur'N lot, woulil Im* ftlHMit whoro Cerium Hlruoi now in: Mr. W. V. AllowAy'N h(MiN(«, prolMihly, NtAnartmunt of Interior haH Hatisllud it^'df that punsionorH' lot No. lit) commonctMl went of ('olony Crock, it is cvidunt that Lots 1 lo HI wuru Injlwcon tliat point and Fort (Jarry. That Turner is also riplit in Haying that Ea^,'an was thu owner of tho second lot is proved by a document prepared by tho Company on November 9, 1852, entitled, "Scheme showing Nubdivision of Lot No. 1211 (Point-a-Poltior(5) ) uinongst Fort Garry Enrolled PunsionerH." A copy of this important document, given in full in Appendix M, may bo (i) Old immo for Arnmtrong's Point. ,t 82 TTIR HUDSON H HAY J: seen at tlio Dominion Lands Commission, Winnipeg, though there are one or two slight errors in it as regards spelling of names. In that " Scheme," Stodgell's lot, No. 1, is shown as being then — 1852 — in the possession of the Company ; it had probably reverted to it by forfeiture as provided in the "Con- ditions," and the same may bo said of Turner's lot. It will bo noticed that most of the lots were one and a half chains in width, in no case exceeding three, and ranging in size from two acres to twenty. This does not correspond with the original arrangement as called for by the "Conditions," which assigned twenty acres even to a private ; but, possibly, they agreed to forego the balance in view of a payment in cash. Lieut.-Colonol Caldwell speaks of an adjustment Laving to be made, and it is not unreasonable to assume that it was made on some such basis. It will be noticed that, at the date of the " Scheme," Plcksley had two lots, 47 and 48, throe chains in width, and containing twenty-eight acres. In all there were 54 lots; but there is nothing in that to clash with Turner's statement that Picksley's lay furthest west, for the others might have been between him and the river, on which, it will bo remembered, his property did not front. The number of lots mentioned on the " Scheme " is only 54, and in the two drafts 76 men came out who were entitled to grants ; but, as has been seen, between 1848 and 1850, several changes had taken place, and probably more in pi'oportion within the time between the arrival of the second draft and the compilation of the "Scheme" in November, 1852. It is difficult, however, to understand why no mention at all is made of Lots 14, 18, 44, and 52. From 1852 down to the present time there is no further written evidence in regard to the claims of the pensioners, or how they were dealt with by the Company. There is no map of any age showing how the allotments were laid out, though Mr. A. H. Whitcher, formerly Dominion Land Agent at Winnipeg, and now of the Topographical Surveys Branch t I ] t= n COMPANYS LAND TENURES. 83 of tho Department of Interior, at Ottawa, has projected on one of tho J)epartmont'H mai).s a plan showing what he believes to bo tho boundaries of those allotments, and tho relative positions of the lines of tho surveys of tho Company and Dominion Government. This plan was made up from what Mr. Whitchor speaks of as a " schedule of allotments giving dimensions of tho lots, and names of grantees," is presumably tho " Scheme " above referred to, and, in default of the pro- duction of Smith's original survey, it would not be safe to rely on it. At the time of the Transfer i-o Canada, in 1870, a number of these pensioners, or their descendants, were in possession of their allotments, but, as tho Secretary of tho Department of Hie Interior says in his letter of January 10, 1894, " All such claims were dealt with by this Department the same as any other grants of the Hudson's Bay Company." This means that when the owners made application to the Depart- ment for Crown patent to their holdings, these latter were treated as leaseholds, whereas they were estates in fee. Tho effect of this grievous error will be considered later. The writer has been informed that the Company bought up, before the Transfer, certain of the pensioners' claims at Ts. Qd. an acre ; no particular case, however, has been cited to him. When the Company took over the colony from Lord Selkirk's executors in 18.SG, under the circumstances before detailed (ct), there was no recognition in writing at that time of the claims of hi v lordship's settlers, or at least none that has come down lo us. As a matter of law, it was not necessary that there should bo such a recognition, for, the settlers having properly derived their estates from the earl, nothing that the Company could have done, assuming that they had been disposed to do anything, would have deprived the colonists of their estates. (! I ;,■( I 11 (o) Pp. 14-20. T^ fcr 84 THE niTDSON's BAY At a lator dato, however, recognition of such grants was forthcoming in the most formal manner possible. In the official " Red River Settlement Register, B," {b) now lying in the Company's vault at Winnipeg, full particulars will bo found of the " Acres granted by Lord Selkirk," placed in a separate column, and carefully distinguished from the " Acres granted by Hon. H. B. Co.," which are entered in another column, so that there shall be no confusion. This of itself is a sufticient recognition, for every legal purpose, of the titles of the settlors prior to the Company's occupation, so it is unnecessary to give further illustrations to the same effect, which might be easily auduced. Now as to the recognition by Canada of the titles of both earl and Company. It has been seen (c) that No. 15 of the " terras and con- ditions" under which Canada acquired Rupert's Land was that " all titles to land up to the eighth day of March, 1869, conferred by the Company, are to be confirmed." There is no mention of titles conferred by Lord Selkirk, nor is it necessary that there should be, for the earl's title itself was " conferred by the Company," and this greater grant would include the lesser grants made by him under it. The following provisions of the Manitoba Act, 33 Vic. cap. 3, assented to May 12, 1870, show the way in which Canada confirmed the titles of the Companv : Sec. 32. For the quieting of titles, and assuring to the settlers in the province the peaceable possession of the lands now held by them, it is enacted as follows : 1. All grants of land in freehold made by the Hudson's Bay Company up to the eighth day of March, in the year 18G9, shall, if required by the owner, be confirmed by grant from the Crown. 2. All grants of estates less than freehold in land made by the Hudson's Bay Company up to the eighth day of March aforesaid shall, if required by the owner, be converted into an estate in freehold by grant from the Crown. {b) Particulars of this and other registers will be found on a later page, (c) Pp. 19, 20. 'i / company's land tenures. 85 as he in bo a •08 ler ia 03 is 3. All titlos by occupancy with tho sanction and under the licence and authority of tho Hudson's Bay Copipany up to tho eighth day of March aforusaid, of land in that jtart of tho province in which the Indian Title has boon extinguished, shall, if required by the owner, be converted into an estate in frooh«;ld by grant from tho Crown. 4. All persons in poaeoable possession of tracts of land at tho time of tho transfer to Canada, in those i)arts of the province in which tho Indian Title ha« not been extinguished, shall have tho rij^ht of pro-oniption of tho same, or such terms and conditions as may bo determined by Governor in Council. 5. The Lieutenant-Governor is hereby luthorizod, under regulations to bo made from time to time by the Ooifornor-Oonoral in Council, to make all such provisions for ascertaining and adjusting on fair and equitablo terms, tho rights of common, and rights of cutting hay lield and enjoyed bj tho settlers in the province, and for tho commutation of tho same by grants of land from tho Crown. The scope of the third and fourth sub-sections was enlarged by 38 Vic. cap. 52 (1876), which repealed a similar enactment of the prior year, 37 Vic. cap. 20, m follows : — 3. Whereas it is ex]>odient to afford facilities to parties claiming land under tho third and fourth sub-sections of the thirty-second section of tho Act thirty-third Victoria, chapter three, to obtain Letters Patent for tho same : — Be it enacted, that persons sati ictorily establishing occupancy of any lands within the province prior to, and being by themselves or their servants, tenants, or agents, or those through whom they claim, in actual peaceable possession thereof, on the liftoCiVth day of July, 1870, shall bo entitled to receive Letters Patent therefor, granting tho same absolutely t( > them I'ospcctively in fee simple. Chapter 48 of tho Revised Statutes of Canada embodies the results of these enactments ; but there is a proviso in tho third clause of the chapter to the effect that all claimants for letters patent for estates in fee by reason of "undisturbed occupancy," or " actual peaceable possession," must make application before May 1, 1886, otherwise their rights shall cease, and determine. This proviso is on the face of it illegal, but in any event neither the Department of tho Interior nor the Dominion Lands Commission has ever attempted to enforce it, regarding it, properly, as a dead letter. i: 86 TFIE HUDSON'S BAY li t 1 1 'F r A Sub-section 1 of soction 32 expressly recognizes that there had been " grants of land in freehold ' made by the Company, but for some reason this proper view was not acted upon. How it arose, unless from the expressions of Sir George SirapHon and Mr. McTavish, who ought to have known better, it is impos.sibie to say ; but the fact remains, from whatever cause, that the Department of the Interior became imbued with the idea that all the estates granted by the Company were leaseholds, and, acting on this assumption, for years granted patents to the personal representatives of the deceased owner instead of to his heir-at-law, who, primogeniture being in force in Manitoba until the passing of the Intestacy Act on May 3, 1871, was solely entitled, save Jower to the widow. The Deputy Minister of the Interior, Mr. A. M. Burgess, was peculiarly wedded to this fallacy, and it was mainly owing to his misdirected exertions that this illegal policy was persisted in. In a letter written by him on January 4, 1888, to the Secretary of the Interior, he maintains that it was not the practice of the Company to grant other than leaseholds, therefore the lands, or rather the leasehold interest in them, must be dealt with by the Government as personalty. As no one seemed willing to take the trouble to really investigate the matter, this idea gained ground until the Manitoba bar came to look upon it as right, and as did even certain of the bench to such an extent that, so late as 1802, in a case (cZ) in which the writer was engaged, he heard the announcement of counsel that there were estates of freehold in Assiniboia, received with incredulity by the presiding judge, who later had to admit the fact to be as stated. What makes it more surprising is that the late Chief Justice Wood, of Manitoba, a man of very great ability, held so early as 1873, as might have been expected, the proper view of the ((/) Templeton v. Stewart, 3 Western Law Times Reports, 189. Appendix N. Vide iM i Xi, COMPANYS LAND TENUREH. 87 question ; this may bo Heon by roforring to his finding, or report (c), as coiniiuHHionor under the Manitoba Act, on certain Conflicting claims to Lots 1G4 and 165 in the i)arish of fiai ^' . Paul. This is what the Chief Justice says : It will bo observed that John Tait loft him surviving a widow, IsAhoUo Uallot, and children, Christina, James, Elizabeth, Barbara, and Andrew. If .John Tait died before the passing of the Manitoba Act, •Tames would prol)ably take the land, subject to the dower of his mother, which, in the case of this land, would be worth next to nothing. If John Tait died subsequent to the passing of the Manitoba Intestacy Act, tho .'Ird of May, 1871, the land would go, one-third to the widow, and the remaining two-thirds would bu o({ually divided among tho remaining five children. Nor is there wanting a judicial finding as to tho fact of there having been estates in fee pimple in Assiniboia. In Hilary Term, 1875, in the case of McKcnny v. Spence, Man temp. Wood, 11, tho then Full Court of Queen's Bench foi Manitoba, Wood, C.J., presiding, found (page 10) that Stephen Green was, on May 20, 13G0, " seized of an absolute estate in fee simple in possession in and to Lots 241 and 242 accord- ing to the Hudson's Bay Company's survey," situate on Point Douglas, now part of the city of Winnipeg. This seems plain enough, but as has been seen, Mr. Burgess, fifteen years after, still maintained a contrary and erroneous opinion. The officials of the Land Titles Office at Winnipeg, where the ToiTons Act is in force, were naturally of the prevalent opinion, until recently, that the estates held by the old settlers were leaseholds. But there was this difference between their conduct and that of the Deputy Minister of the Interior, they could see no reason why there should not have been estates in fee simple in Assiniboia, and readily abandoned the idea that there were only leaseholds in face of facts to the contrary. Not long after the Torrens Act was introduced in Manitoba, in 1885, they had held that the (e) Quoted in letter from Dominion Lands Commissioner to Secretary of Interior, dated Nov. 19, 1891. ( i THE IIUMOn's bay 1 I Manitoba Act was a conversion of loaaoholda into frec- holds, and that, in any ovont, botwoon July 16, 1870, and tho coming into force of tlio Manitoba Intostocy Act on May 3, 1H71, tho estate passed, not to tho personal repro- HontativoH, but to the holr-at-law, who, tho law of frinio- goniture being then in force was tho eldest son (/). This view had been also enl-urtainod by Mr. Q. W. Burbidgo (argainod for or intundod by tho partiua. That in other caaoa where tlio record in tho land rogiator waa of a like character, tho Company apparently intended fulfilment of their agreement, granted, not tho foo aimplo, but only a loaaohold for a term of years ia no ovidencu aa againat any particular purchaaor or grantoo or thoao claiming under him aa hia heira-at-law. Tho proaont ia a caao in point. Tho land rogiator ia tho only evidence of tho tranaactiona by virtue of which (ioorgo Setter became tho owner of theao lota. Tho cntriea which it containa are ailont aa to tho oatato or intoreat he waa intended to take, unloaa the uao of the word " grant " in the entriea may bo conaidorod to aflbrd an indication that tho intention waa to diapoao of the fee simple, which ia arguable. Ho muat bo taken, theroforo, to have been tho owner of the fee aimplo if the Hudaon'a Bay Company had powor to grant him that oatato, and I know of no auiKcient reason for (luostiuning that tho Company had auch powor. I may point out hero that Mr. Juatice Bain, of tho Court of Quoon'a Uonch, Manitoba, in tho caao of Templetmi, v. StcK'art, recently decided by him, holda tho view alK)ve oxprossod with regard to tho nature of tho ostato of a grantoo of the Company. Georgo Setter died in 18U8, intestate, leaving him aurviving his wife, one son, John Setter, one daughter, Ann or Nancy Setter, tho wife of Jamoa B. McKenzio, and the aoven children of Margaret Setter, another daughter, tho deceased wife of Alexander McBoth. His interest in those lands, being an oativto in foo aimplo, thereupon passed to his son as his sole heir-at-law according to tho law of England wliich was then in force in tho settlement [Red River], subject to the dower of his widow. The widow died some years ago, and tho interoat of John Setter has, aa the paper ahows, become veated in hia aister, Mra. McKenzie. I am, therefore, of opinion that the patent should be issued to Mrs. McKenzie. I am to state that the Acting-Minister of Justice concurs in this opinion. I am, etc. , (Sd.) E. L. Newcombe, Deputy-Minister of Justice. .1 li .) 1 i 1 li I 90 THE IlUDflON'H I»AV prior to March S, 1S(lO, and, fur a long time, tliu tact that such u confirmation would \w only Komothing that the ownur of Huch un oHtato was cntitlod to if ho choHo to ask for it, waH ovor- hmkod — in fact, is yet ovorlookod; it is >ory (h)ubtful if tho Land Titles Office at Winnipeg would ho disposed to give a certificate of title to tho owner of an estate in fee hoforo tho Transfer, who had not ;^ot his patent. Tho District Registrar could 1)0 forced to grant it, however, for nothing is plainer in law than that tho granting of letters patont to such an owner is practically tho " ipiit claiming " hy the Crown to hirn of an interest which it does not really possess ; tho Company onco having parted with its interest in the lands, could not, oven if it had so wished, derogate in any way from that grant hy a 8ul)sc«iuent agreement with Canada. Templcton v. Stewart (j) is an authority for this view. So much for tho lands actually occupied or owned hy tho settlers. There was in addition, however, a valuable right, expressly recognized by the Company, which had always been exercised by the owners of these river farms, running back two miles from their frontage on the river. This was the exclusive right to cut hay on tho outer two miles immediately in tho rear of tho river lot, which outer portion camo to be known as tho "hay privilege." Reference to tho Laws of Assiniboia, viii., ix., and x., passed by the Council of Assiniboia, which was created and vested with authority by tho Company, shows that this right of hay-cutting was limited to certain seasons between August 1 and 1.'); in other cases, tho right was shared by many occupiers in common, such as on Point Fouglas and St. Boniface Commons. Infringements of these regulations were visited with punishment a.s appears by a case (k) tried at Fort Garry, on August 11), 1847, of Hudson's Bay Company v. Cook et al. This, says the record, was an 0') Supra. (/c) Vide also Carriere v. Dag)wn, ante, p. 66. k:V.ir_ OOMPany's land TKNirnw. 01 " action raiNoaHsin|( in cnttint; ]iny at a iimo luul ])lacu pruhihitutl l>y proclaimition." The CyOinpany had iividontly Itnmght tho oH'ondor to Jiwtico moruly an a wainint^ to others not to bo too /^'raspinjjf, (or tho only pmuHhnjont intlict< 1 was tlio forfoituro of tho hay, thiH boing (loomod "adeiitiato for thu otloncu." Tho Canadian (iovornniont dealt with tliis right very liberally. Strictly Hpcaking, it was nothing but an oaNotnont, but then it was an (laHonient of such a pucidiar naturo that it uxtotxlod ovor tlio whole of tho land on which it waH cxcrciMod, and from its vory naturo procludtxl occupation by a third party, for any occupation which interfered with th(! right of cutting hay would infringe on tho oasemont, and it would bo difficult to iniagino an occupation that would not interfere with Huch a right, for the right to cut tho hay would imply the right to prevent its frco growth from being int(M-fered with ; in other words, tho land could not bo used for any purpose, aH it would bo too late in tho season to [»lant any crop after tho hay was cut. Tho Company having recognized these rights through the Court of Assiniboia, could not interfere with them, and for all practical purposes the outer two miles became tho property of tho owner of the inner; a dog-in-the-mangcr ownership truly, but, nevertheless, a very ditticult ouo to combat. It must not bo forgotten, however, that the Indian Title had not been extinguished to tho outer two miles, but only to tho inner. This question is dealt with in tho succeeding chapter. After the Transfer to Canada, the Government appointed a special commission to inquire into tho hay question. This body was known as the " Hay and Common Commissioners," and it presented its report on February 23, 187'1<, which was duly approved by tho Governor-General in Council on April 17 of the same year. As this Order in Council is not generally known, because of its not being contained in the i (f 01 TIIK mrDHO.SH IJAY ' voluiiio |iul)liHliu«l l>y tlio Qiiocu'n pitntur, it Im now tor tho Hi'Mt iiiiiu inadu public, ami will bu foimd givon in full ia App)MiaMtand wcHt, (2) St. Vital, (3) Ht. Norhurt, (1) Stu A^'utho, up to Salt S|irin^N, (.*>) St. .lohn'n and VVinnipo((, ((i) Kihlonan, (7) Ht. Paul, (H) St. AndrowH, (») St. JanioH, (10) St. CharloM, (11) Hoa«linKloy, and (li>) St. FrnncoiK Xaviur, uo-st and west, HJioidd rocoivo a ^rant of tho land in thu outur two niilus ininiudiatuly in roar of hiH lot, "hiicIi ^rant to bo in full coinnmtation of all rightH of connnon and of cutting hay, claimed in respect of tho front lot." Whoro thu whole of thu outur two iniloH could not, for any ruaHon, Itu giantud, for tho missing portion Lhu ownur wtw to roceivu scrip, rodeumablu in utioccupied (h)vurnmunt lands, "to cover one-half of as much moru land as thoru is in thu part of tho outer two milus so taken up;" this because thu outur two miles w&s of peculiar value to tho occupiers of the inner. Thu valuo of tho )^ ids was to be tho Oovornment price of ouo dollar per acre. Those person.s who wore, under sub-soction.s 1, 2, 3, or 4, of section 32 of tho Manitoba Act, above (juotud, untitled to freehold grant from tho Crown to landH outside those parishes in which tho right of hay cutting was recognized by tlio Council of Assiniboia, received one dollar of scrip for each acre of land for which they wore entitled to receive a patent. For other provisions to meet particular cases, reference must be had to tho Appendix. Tho results of this chai)ter may bo summarized as follows : — 1. The Company granted estates both of freehold and leasehold in Assiniboia. r \ u ••I «1 c ni t> T 1 T CnMI'ANV'N LAND TRNUIIKM. M |» Suoh t(rantN woro inii'lo only on thu Rud aiui A^iiiibofaM KivorH, whuru tho Iiulian Tittu li(vcitlMtl on pa^n 12. a. In tlu) cttHi) of tlio Fort Oiirry Pcntionerw, tho «i»tikto |jfmntuany'H liaml KugiHtur, witli no qualitlcutionM, a fuu Nintplu niUHt \»i pruHununl. 5. A fuo Hunplu wouUl, in any cumo, Im proMunied afttu twonty yuarH* poHMonttion. TeinpUlon v. Stewart, A(>|(onmmontarios (k), ontorH most lucidly into an intjuiiy concerning tho claims of tho original possessors of hiB country. At paj^o 87H ho states that in the case {)( fletclmr • Peck, Crancli, 87, tho opinion of tho Sapromo Court of tliu United States was doclarod to bo that "the nature of the i (A) UlKukittuuu uditiini, 1889, pp. :i78-400. ^ »" *s^m r* ^^s^ ^« (Signmd.) SMevk MuhtWktJtab Pt^awit Hit ^f=K Marh M«khndtwik4)naie L«L Robt lkn% Ooekideat, IStyajiMhabtnva r. L'Kommjt/fmr Signtd, in> J^'&tence of TTiomaa rhonuu Jcunu Bird, F.MctUhty Cap: H di'Orsormtns Cap^ Miles SUhcdonM !• BrChTde LoH/nier louzj Noluvl^ 1^ Prmmiitr MAP TO SHOW LANDS AT RED RIVER CONVEYED BY INDIAN CHIEFS TO THE EARL OF SELKIRK IN 1817. Facsimile from Register " A." 1- f Li 1*. company's land tenures. 0.-) Indian title to lands lying within tho territorial limits of a State, though entitled to be respected by all Courts until it be legitimately extinguished, was not such as to bo absolutely repugnant to a sesin in fee on tho part of the Government within whose jurisdiction tho lands are situated." He adds, however, that though this was tho language of a majority of tho Court, yet it was a " mere naked declaration, without any discussion or reasoning by the Court in support of it; and Judge Johnsoi:, in tho separate opinion which ho delivered, did not concu?' in the doctrine, but held that the Indian nations were absolute proprietors of the soil, and that practi- cally, and in cases unaffected by particular treaties, the re'^ ' rictions upon tho right of soil in the Indians amounted only to an exclusion of all competitors from the market, and a pre-emptive right to acquire a fee-simple by purchase when the proprietors should be pleased to sell." In the subsequent case of Johnson v. Mcintosh, 8 Wheaton, 543, this large view of the title of the Indians was somewhat curtailed, and in the language of Marshall, C.J., their right was defined to be that of occupancy only, and subject to the absolute title of the state to extinguish it. In the words of Kent, the Indians enjoyed no higher title than that founded on simple occupancy, and were incompetent to transfer their title to any other power than the Government which claimed the jurisdiction of their territory by right of discovery. In a still later case (i), Worcester v. State of Georgia, G Peters, U.S., 515, arising out of certain statutes of that State of 1828-29-30, the Supreme Court decided that the right to the soil claimed by European governments, as a necessary consequence of the right of dis- covery and assumption of territorial jurisdiction, was only deemed such in i-eference to the whites, amounting, so far as ihe Indians were concerned, only to an exclusive right to purchase such lands as they were willing to sell; the various (l) See also Mitchell v. United States, 9 Peters, 711. ' i \ ! m\ } 00 TiiK Hudson's hay royal grants ami charters asaorted a title to the country aj^ainst Europeans only, and were blank paper as regards the Indians. Chalmers (m) states that the practice of the European world had constituteil a law of nations which sternly disre- garded the possession of the aborigines, because they had not been admitted into the society of nations. This principle doubtless influenced the naive " Councell's opinion " {n) given, aVioJit 1G7'), by six well-known counsel regarding lands in New York, when they found, in answer to the second question submitted to them — Though it Imth been niul Htill is yo UBimll prjvctico of nil proiniotuiB to gi v'o 1 1 usir InclianH boiuo rocompcnco for thoir land, and seem to purchase it of them, yet yt is not done for want of suflicient title from yo King or I'rinco who hath ye right of discovery, Init out of prudence and Christian charity, least otherwise the Indians might luvvo destroyed yo first planters (who are usually too few to defend themselves) or refuse all conunorco and conversation with ye planters, and thereby all hopes of converting thom to ye Christian faith would bo lost. Nevertheless, as Kent points out, " it is certain in point ^i fact that the colonists were not satisfied (with these looso opinions or latitudinary doctrines), or did not deem it expe- dient to settle the country without the consent of the aborigines under the sanction of the civil authorities. The pretensions of patents were not relied upon, and the prior Indian right to the soil was generally, if not uniformly, recog- nized and respected by the New England Puritans." Finally, the same authority states that the Government of the United States has never insisted upon any other claim to the Indian lands than the right of pre-emption upon fair terms. In Canada the Government has proceeded upon similar principles, though Chancellor Bi.yd, in a late case (o), places the (m) Political Annals, C76. (}t) Documents relating to the Colcniial History of the State of Neto York, vol. xiii. p. 486. Also quoted at length in liegiiM v. St. Catherine'a Millinci Co., 10 Ont. 20C. (o) Regiiia v. St. Cathtriiw^a Milling Co., at p. 230, supra. I p I I f'OMPANYH LAND TFNURKH. 07 rights of the Indian on a much lower piano, and Htatos that ho has " no claim except upon the bounty and bonovolonco of the Crown," and ho (juoten with approval the extract given from "CounceU's Opinions." Nevertheless, ho admits (j?) tiiat a right of occupancy attached to tho Indians in their tribar character, though they were unable to transfer it to any stranger, and it was susceptible of extinguislimcnt at the hands of tho Crown alone, " a power which, as a rule, was exorcised only on just and oiiuitablo terms." On appeal, one of the judges. Burton, entertained tho same views as th(j Chancellor, but the other throe took a broader view. Ilagarty , C.J., stated that "tho Indian tribes were sparsely scattered over that region CWostern Ontario) and tho rest of tho northern continent to tho Rocky Mountains. No surrender of Indian rights had been made, and, according to tho settled practice of tho United Provinces of Canada, evidenced and sanctioned by repeated statutes, no attempt appears to have been made to grant titles or encourage settlement so long as the Indian claim was unextinguished." Patterson, J., p. 169, quoted with approval the rule as laid down in Story's Com- mentaries, on the Constitution of the United States, 1833 sec. 6, to tho effect that the aborigines " were admitted to bo rightful occupants of the soil, with a legal as well as a just claim to retain possession of it, and to use it according to their own discretion." When this case came before the Supremo Court of Canada {q), the findings of the courts below were upheld, and the title of the Indians put on the ground assigned it by Chief Justice Hagarty, not on that much lower one favoured by Chancellor Boyd. Chief Justice Sir W. J. Ritchie (with whom Fournier, J., concurred), stated " that the Indians possessed a right of occupancy, tho Crown possessing the legal title, subject to that occupancy, and the absolute exclusive right to extingui.sh the Indian title either by conquest or by purchase." I (p) Ibid. p. 209. (q) 13 S. 0. R. 677. 1 W riiK iiunsoN'H hay Mr. Jiistico, now Chief Justico Sir llonry, Stron;^ ([uotod with approval tho oxprcHMionH of Chancellor Kent above rofoned to, and held that tho Crown recognized an UHufruc- tuary title in tho Indians to all unsiirt-ondorod lands, whicli, " though not perhaps HUHCi'ptible of any accurate legal definition in exact legal terms, was one which nevertheless Hufhcod to protect tho Indians in tlu* absolute use a!»d enjoyment of thoir lands, whilst at tho same time they were incapacitivted from making any valid alienation otherwise than to tho (h'own itself, in whom tho title was, in accordance with tho English law of real property, considered as vested." The learned judge also (quotes with apj)roval tho language of Chancellor Kent on tho 388r(l, 3H5th,and DHiHh pages of his third volume, and in particular his remarks on Mitchell v. United States, to tho effect that that " possession was considered with reference to Indian habits and modes of life, and tho hunting-grounds of tho tribes wore as much in thoir actual occupation as tho cleared lielda of tho whites, and this was the tenure of Imlian la»>'ls by the laws of all tho colonies." Owynno, J., ^\ont further, and held that the Indians had an estate, title, and interest in their hunting-grounds, which cotdd not be divested from them nor extinguished except by cession made in tho most solemn manner to the Crown. Henry, J., was of opinion that the right of the Indians certainly was not a fee, but stated that tho Crown recognized such a right in them that they were not required to give up their lands without some compensation. Taschereau, J,, quoted with approval tho principle that whllo European nations respected the rights (claims) of the natives as occu- pants, yet they asserted the ultimate dominion and title to tho soil to be in themselves. It is a matter of regret that the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, when the matter came before it by way of appeal (?•) from the Supremo Court of Canada, did " not con- (r) 14 Appeal Oa. at pp. 55, 68. 1 1 company's land tknttrer. sldor it nocesHaiy to oxproHM any opinion" ujwn this intoroRt- ing point, but intimated that though theru had boon nil along vested in the Crown n substantiui and paramount ostato, yet it did not become a plenum dominum tintil the Indian title was "surrendered, or otherwise extinguished." Th** title was, however, diHtinctly stated not to be a fee simplo, but "a mere burden " on the title of the Crown. It was becauHo the Company had not a jdeniim dominum to the land more than two miles back fiom the Kcd and Assiniboine rivers, save at its loi liat it granted no lots lying outsidn this belt to 8ottler«. When the 'J'ransfer to Canada took place, it has been noticed (») that the Company was careful to make provision for the extinguishment of this Indian title, for the eleventh of the " terms and conditions " was that "any claims of Indians to compensation for lands required for purposes of settlement shall be disposed of by the Canadian Government in conununication with the Imperial Government; anl the Company shall bo relieved of all responsibility in respect of them." Canada at once assumed the obligation, and carried it out faithfully, for section .'31 of the Manitoba Act i)rovided for " the extinguishment of the Indian title to the lands in the province " by appropriating one million four hundred thousand acres of the ungranted lands, vested by that Act in the Government of Canada, for the benefit of the children of the half-breed heads of families residinj; in Manitoba at the time of the Transfer to Canada, July 15, 1870, the same to bo selected in lots or tracts in such parts of the province as the Lieut.-Governor of Manitoba might deem expedient, and tr be granted in the mode and under the conditions to be prescribed by the Governor-General in Council. One not familiar with the peculiarities of the people known in Manitoba as half-breeds, or metis, would naturally (») Supra, p. 20. ll l> li 100 TIfF irTTDHON's HAY a^k how tho ^ift to thoin wouUl oxtinji^uish the Indian titlo, thouprh tho nanjo itMolf would j^o to nhow that thoy Imd a right in blootl to participatrt to tho extent of a moiety. Tho half-hreodH, then, are tho descomlantH of tho ottily fur tradoiN, voyageurH, coureiiVH (hi holn, and white men generally, by fndian women. In early tinu>H thoHo children wore ille^itimnto, for even if there wore the inclination to go through tho marriage ceremony there was not the opportunity ; htit later, with tho advent of missionaries at Red River, camo a n«^w order of things, and from that time (1818) marriages were regularly solcninized, and those wlio had not previotisly boon married porsuad(!d to bocomo 80, or, rathor, they generally eagerly embraced the opportunity (0 to liavo their union legalized. It is difficult to say when a half-breed c>.aHeH to become a half-breed, and is looked upon as a white ; tho manner of life and aseociations has much to do with it. Collocjuially speaking, those who are known to ha' e Indian blood in them, not necessarily half, but possibly only a (pmrter or an eighth, and show traces of it pliysically, combining with tiiat trait any characteriHtics of tho Indian in their manner of life, are called, loosely, hnlf-breeds ; but at tho same time th^ro are many cases where two people might have exactly the same amount of Indian blood aifd be so different in appearance and mode of life, that while the one would be readily spoken of as a half-breed, tho other would as readily be accepted as a white man. Strangely enough, tho Manitoba Act does not define tho term. Tho difference between a half-breed and an Indian is pointed out in a negative way by the Indian Act, sec. 12, which says that no half-breed in Manitoba who has shared in the distribution of half-breed lands shall bo accounted aik Indian; and no half-breed head of a family, oxcei)t tho widow of an Indian, or a half-breed who has already been admitted I (0 Cf. 8uhaiance of a Joun jI at Sed River. Rev. John West. 1824. COMPANY H LAND TKNnilKM. 101 into a troaty, Mhall, iinlcM unflcr very spocial circuiiiHtnncoH to Im> (Intormirunl hy tho Sii|i«iint<'nld to includo half-hruixl niotliorM or fatlu'i'N, or lK)tli, as tho ca«o niiglit \u\ Tim ^rantooM nndor this ariiiM^'(Mm>nt ultiniatdy got 2W acres for the nanio reason as did their children. Tlie lands distrihiited under thoHo rognlations wore to natisfy the claims (»f the half breed population of the parishes of Sto. Af^'atho, Ste. Anne, St. Ancbews, St. IJ(»nifuce, St. Clements, St. Charles, St. Francois Xavi<'r, St. James, St. John, St. Laurent, St. Norbert, St. Paul, St. I'.'ters, St. Vital. Haie St. Tuul, Hea«lin;,dy, High HluH', Kihionan, Oak Point, Poplar Point, Portage la Prario, and White Mud, and lists (/v) wore —■—III ■ I I 1.1 I i ■ I (to) Thono lintn woro IhhuuiI in thuforin of poHtorn, ran^in^ in Rixo from n folio nil vft (luvotulu inliurituncos woro thrown away for a hksh of pottage, or a tlask of whiHky, to oriploy Woaturn methodH. Sogontnd waa tho prncticu of dealing in thcsu hmdfl, that tliuro ia acarcoly a prom neat peraon in Winnipug, thero at that time, who haa not made aonio money, not neceRaariiy diahonuHtly, out of half-}»ruod chuma. Thia apueuhition oxtonded even to eertaiu reverend gentlemen, not very many, who did not heaitato to lend tho udour of aanctity tu thcso tranaactiona, but with inditl'eront aucccaa. Thu HUpply of these liata aoon ran 8hf)i-t, and a complete aut waa worth a largo sum ; thu author haa been told of $500 being ottered and refuaed for one. Ho only knowa of throe perfect onea. Thoy are atill of conaiderablo practical value, aa thoy give much information in a way eaay to get at, it COMPAKY'n t.\SD TKNiniKll. loa I U^iitiil riuiii tiino to iimo by iho Do|>artm«nt of Iho Iiitorior, Imtwo^in lH77ftH'l lNHO(thu lii«t W»'iiij{ Ihatof tho pftrinhoh of St. Vilnl liinl Sr Konitiictt on Jum^ 1 t of thai yoai), ^ivin^ tho landH alli.'ttud totlu) VAiiotH Kiiloiit^ol' thti |>aiiHliuH, aixl particiilAni rotating to tlio ^miit«'i>s. Uufuronnt) to th(>Htt liHtN, «>N|iucinlly tlioHo of Ht. .Iitlin, St. .Iaiiios, aikI Kililoiian, will mIiow that tho faiiiilioH of iiiutiy opiiloiit NottKiiH at ptoHoiit I't'^itdiiif^ in thoMU loraiiticN aiitl in Wiiuiipn;;, took advanta^it of tho Itt'iiofltH of thfl Manitolkn Act, imtitliti^ thooi to ({raiitH of laiitJHaHohililron or h(u. Thoii^^h thori! wam no legal ol)li;{Ation for hur to «lo ho, yut Canada, having arrpiirod a vant and of whit«) Hottlorn who had como to AMsini- hoia at tho tiino of tho founding of tho colony hy I^ord Selkirk, under his aiiKpices, or " hotwoon tho yoarH Isl8, and 1H35, both incluHivo, or tho chiMron, not being half-breojM, of MUch original sottlorH." Accordingly in 1H7M, by Uu Vic. cap. U7, it wa.s proviilod that forty-nine thousand acres should bo sot Aside for these clainmnts, who were, in tho A^jsonco of an exACt census, ostiniAtod as not oxcooding throo hundred and fifty, tho object being to grAnt to oach ono hundred and forty acres of land. Hut on tho census being taken, it was discovered that they numbered ♦^vo hundred and thirty, which would only allow about ninety-two and a half acres to each person; so it was decided in 1H74, by 87 Vic. cap. U7, sec. 4, to lecognizo thoir claim to ono hundred and sixty acres, which hoing i\rraiigod in aiplmboticiil order. From an historiciil i)()int of view, it wuuld bu dillicult to ovur-oBtinmtu thoir iuiportanco, wiiiuh will constantly incruiinu, for horu is a coniploto rocurd of a whole pouple, and a vury peculiar pooplo at that. Tho fulnoits of tho particulars m mainly duo to tho completenofls of tho ro^istors kopt by tho Roman Catholic clergy, midor tho gaidanco of that well-known prolate the lato Alexander Antonin Tache, the first Archbishop of St. Boniface. I0> Tll»: ll(r|IM4>NM HAY ; I ) WAM t{{v(«ii to thctii ill thu fonii uI'Mcrip, iliny having ru«|U0Hlu*l till) gnuit i<) Iw iuA
  • U) tliKiii ill thiit iiiniiiior. TIiIm wiiH iill vory woll ho far aM it wnit, hut it up|>«*iu a niiinlNii- of |M who hii«>itM, roccivu*! Hcrip for on« )itinilr«><| uml Nixty ihillai'H, which wax rnccivahUi in payniont for tho |iui'* chaH«) of govurniiiont huul at oiki ih)t!ai' ixi- acnv Why an invidioiH diHtinction Mhoiihl havii \n\vn ihawn bctw(u>n a man who canu^ to UimI llivrr in XH^'t and onti who cainu in 1880, it i^ impoNHihh* to un*U)i-Htanlkirk. If lio liad no moans h«> could huvn siiuiittudi and woiihl Iiavf houn, i\m has houn nuun, entitUMi to ii ^rant nndm- thu Muniloha Act, which fully pioviilud for thu rucogni* tion of titles liy occupancy, so as lo ^ivo thu industrioUH sottiur and thu actual H. In thu same issuo of the Gazette is a list of tliirty- ono approved claims of original suttlers in such remote [ilaces as York Factory, I'ortiigu la liocho, Fort Simpson, LosHor Slavo Lake, Oxford Housu, Caribou Lake, Assnoburg House, Atha- basca, etc., whore thuy were residing before July 15, 1870. Truly thu history of North-West (Janada is contained in the iron vaults of tho Department of tho Interior. IM ^. COMI'AWY'H UMD TKNl'IIKM. ^t)^ A iHteitliai' cIamn of oUiiiiM, ilimttrvin^ i\ |iA^iiii( noiieo, which hftil to \h) «U K iiiiAn Catholic |>o|>til(ition hud h«!iMt in tho hnhit of wiiitorin^ stock nloni( tlio ((nni'mily wmII nIk'IU rod iMUikn of tlii> Soiiif. Uiit(i), uinl till Siillo rivont. Hiicli i\ (a) llitt UiuT liitil Ukiii a hnW-lirttoil MiUluiiuiii n < Miii|Ntnitivvly vnrly |ib. V. IN.IIy Kouy«r, **(louvuriKiiir ilu I'AMinibolA, " MoiiMiuur, D'ltpn''* 00 qiiu iii'oiit (lit |)liuloiini iKtriitiiium, il imrvit i|iiu Ia pl(k{Mirt ili'N nvtM lilinm ilu I'omhiim voudrniuiit iiluinilDiiiiur cut uinlroit, \'([ lit ftirtilittf (lit Nol, lU y rtwtorviunt hiuii volniitu'i-x, •lU |Miiiviutit nvuir nil I'nHrt) |M»ur liui y duMorvir : luniii oimiiiiiu uo n'uat |Hiiiit iixui dcMuiii d'y nitutilir lit MiMioii dnitni Km iiitoiitioiiH foriiiulUm tloit Kxt'ciittuirH ilu lull C UiilN, uniiimo iUI'itvoiuiit vn[n'>ri) di<|uiiH Ilk |M!tit.>iii t|ii'ilii iiiit fnito a cu Nujot ; iU voiidroiuiit uti toiiaJ- ■ (uuiicu M) tlxur mir lit Kivii>ru Kouko ditiin uii uiidroit <|iii mtrvit it|i|iri)uv('i du viiim, (it oil iHiiiH |>loigiii(a dc I'^gluau, vi'k 4110I Iva torrua d'liluntoiir aoiit (K'ji\ ooticttdvi^a, ut <|iiu luur dt>air dUtnt du ■'un rnpproclivr, ila au trouvuroiunt uiicoru plact^a hiuii (U^aitvitiitit- guiiauiiiontpoiii riiiatructioiiiK!l()urNf)iifitim,i|iriUoiitpriii(Mpitluiiiuittuiivuti. " Ayiiiit pria Uuir dt^air uit coitaiiUfrittioii, j'iti }»gi^ 11 propoa do voua lo ooi»iiiuiiii|iiur, puiianiit ipio soiia iiu tutv/. (iita ('>loigu($ do lout- iti^uordur den turroadittiH iiii uiidroit od iiotm nurona lit fa<>ilit($ du luur fitir ruiiipli luura ddvoirN roligiuiix. M'($titnt iiifi>rm<< iin'ollm tUoiont loa plitcua lua pliia itvitiititKuuHua pour un utitbliKi aujut. " Dmia lu uaa oil uu plitn pourl>>i^ i'u.in:nitteo of the Company, This invaluable collection tho Company disclaims all knowledge of, both in London and Canada — a very groat loss indeed. He further gave his library of about five hundred books (a great collection in Rupert's Land in those days) and all his printed maps, two sets of fwolve-inch globes, a largo achromatic telescope, a Wilson's microscope, a brass sextant by Blunt, a barometer and several thennomoters, to the Covemor of the Red River Colony in trust for the public benefit, " but no of the things to be lent out of the Government House of the said C luny," all declared to be " for the c,3neral good of all those colonists settled in tho lands of tho Earl of Selkirk in Assiniboia." \ I I ii i- ■, : t I ! I \ I company's land TENURKfl. 100 i s rus a lino and markod off certain lots on tho Red River, in tho direction North 12" East, or thereby. Fortunately, there are two plans of this survey in existence, or rather copies thereof, one to bo found accompanying tho Report of IHIO, and tho other in tho Amos " Report of Trials, etc.," which faces this page. According to this plan, those " lots wore estublishod in 1814- ;" they are thirty-si K in number. Mr. McLean's appears to bo doublo tho size of the otliors. So far as is known, there is no means now in existence by which tho exact boundaries of these lots may bo estab- lished; but, as has been soon, Lot 4 is now occupied by St. John's Cathedral, and from this starting-j)oint a calculation may be made as to tho approximate location of the others [d). A copy of the original plan to accompany the Report of 181J), marked "True Copy" and signed by Mr. Wm. Sax, tho sur- veyor, will bo found, with the report of Mr, Commissionur Coltman, at Ottawa (e). Not ono of those donations of this public-spirltotl man has survived. Not c(»ntcnt with this, ho gavo a lot of vahiablo stock and tho incroaso, purchiiaod from Mr. John Wills, a partner of tho North-Wost Company in 18i:5, for JKIOO sterling, "to 1)o distributed gratis amongst any of the most deserving settlors at the discretion of the said Earl of Selkirk or his agent ; " Mr. Fidler did not know, in his remote situation, that tho Earl had been dead considerably over a year. He refers to his " lawful wife Mary," who was an Indian woman, their first child, Thomas, having been born at York Factory, Juno 20, 1796, and tho youngest, Harriet, July 9, 1822 ; at the time of tho making of tho will, Potor, born at Norway House on July 2, was tho oldest. Ho also refers to liia uncle Jasper and his brother James ; and to his " copyhold lands and now house, situated at Hockley, in tho town of Bolsover, in tho county of Derby, now in the occupation of my mother, Mary." Administration was granted on October 22, 1827, to Thomas Fidlor ; a number of descendants are living in Manitoba. In Appendix P. will bo found a copy of a most interesting letter to him from Mr. Alex, Lean, one of the proprietors of the Company, which throws an important light on tho negotiations leading up to the amalgamation of the rival companies in 1821, {d) Ante, pp, 11, 25 ; vklc also p. 23 for names of several settlers occupying particular lots, (e) xVrcliives : Colonial Records, No. 151, part i, p. 87. i PL AH of the SETTLEMENT on EEa^ RIVER, ftf it was in June 1B16 . SC4LB A nU Mhi* ivAiW lirtwmar S mm f b «ul kit J^wlf • ftr JtMtrilMi MkMMiJtt UN. UJmumti Xd»« Ami i<«lM . a^o* M# imt*MuAmmt uftu MMtftu> Mamm raikoMf Biihcp oi Qu*k.^ tf*t CmtJktiu . rwiim/ ml M»4 Mur. ,VI. Ihm ,1 ntd» irlotr ffoi/ flt^tttUJMb * Amor ft> ^/tttltA thrt.iu alto par* ti^tikf imtti t t ^* m JM Kl^wi^H^l^lM^JIkw.AlukmlliriktmlUtf>a^tJtlr w^ynlirilMXmirCat^tut. ^7VnH»<^A»/Vi» w Plaint , PrairU* or Graj t if tiownt fXimSiui M or 40 MOu noi/furant and wrxiward wkfumt •my iMaruptton t^ mtfuiyf WooHt or Smtan/u . imt oatuwtmlbf varud ly /m^ Lokes OUU tjul tuAt of Wood / H Cart /Ttidh M. Thu trade atervZt m •!# rmi*»Mt»mmt u^«/ J . « » ton. w » mmif aftt» Oufd t tttur JbiMly » tno-l m l$U ^ MAnmm%u ttfdu Mmmn CitttoUt tMop otQtubK.Arl^ Ihrtrwium If T r i'' \ 110 THi: IIUDRON H BAY Tht next siirvoy of which thoro im any montion oceuirml In 1817, when Point Douj^las was (livi(lc:chool of Industry, would have to bo fonned for the orphan ehildron : " assiHtanco was to bo given to tho men in the h1uh»(^ of clothin/.,', to(dH, bods, and ammunition, in order to enable them to build houses and maintain their familie.s till they should reap a crop. "It in not to b(! expected that the men will do this uf themsolveH, and th(i manaji,'ors of tho .sottlcmont [Lord Selkirk's] will not consent to a large population of this kind thrown upon them uidess they are properly provide«l for, and under some efficient management and controul." It was decided to put in charge " an int(dlij^ent (Jhief Factor who had tho talent of managing tho people, together with the necessary assistance of clerks;" ho to make " tho requisite arrangements with tho gentleman in charge of tho settlement for tho location t,f these families." Mr. John Clarke was selected for thi.s office, and ho worked in co-operation with Governor Bulger to settle those retired (/) Ante, p. 20. Vide roforencos to surveys : CJunn, 199, 200, 239, 225 ; Robs, 45, 77. (;/) Mr. Komp wfts not only tho Colony surveyor, but also sheriff of Assiniboia, having been appointed to that ofHco at a General Court of tho Company held in London, M.-vy 29, 1822. Writing to tho author on April 19, 1892, Mr. Chief Factor William Cowan, says, " I only know about Kemp that he was a surveyor, and made a survey of tho Red River Settlement." (/i) Archives : Bulger Papers, vol. ii. p. 251. I'ule ante, pp. 30 et seq,, for prior remarks on these settlers. .1 f OOMfANYH L\ND TKNUHICM. Ill / HDivanU in coiivonieiit ItKsalitioH (/). Mr. Ktniip, tlu> mirvoyor, tlrcvv up a plan in Fol.niary, 1S2H, of a village on tb« AhmIiu- Itoino Ilivur, hut, tins Koinan Catholic clor^^y having mlHo hU Hitlu^ to thu IiOAgv PUiu." Tho Oovoinor rufurn to Mr. KoinpH uxortiotiM, nn attention to tho old rocordH of AHsinilioia, informs tlio w»'iter that ho conH>dte, being, a.s a deHcendant of one of the original (iottlors, much intoroHted i*^ it, and alHO wiuhing to examine it on behalf of others Hiniilarly situated. It was dated 1822. On one occu.sion Mr. W. U. Fonseca, a well-known rowident of Winnipeg, was v^lth him, and they examined the map together. Tho last time Mr. Taylor saw it was about a fortnight before th'* then agent, Mr. A. H. Whitchor, was removed to Ottawa, to tho Topographical Surveys Branch; this was, ho thinks, in 1800; Mr. Whitchcr then told him that he had boon instructed to forward all tho old maps to Ottawa. Tho writer incjuircd in December, 181)3, at tho VV^innipeg office about the map, and was told that it was not there ; that tho old maps had boon sent to Ottawa some years before by instructions from tho Department of tho Interior. Application was then made to tho Department, but tho secretary replied, January 10, 1894, "Wo havo no record in tho Department of tho Kemp survey." Where is it, then ? Tho reluctance of tho ft ''• T,) OOMMHT'h land tknurw. 113 Tho liiin jiavo hiM tho llor), ision Dopntiinoni of ttiu Intorior to ((ivo iiny iiiforiiiAtion In riijf.ird to tim old uirvi'wi Im | ••ovorhi.J ; it hiw inn«l«' many kpIovouh hliinilurN, luxl I'lurH iiiV(<*4ti;{ation. F^itlt)>i' tlu) Dcpartniont Iioh (luNi^nodly Mti|)|it-i)HHO|«>n I'rout itA ciiNtoiJy. luicli of thoNu nltornativoH lay.i tho oOicialH oi' that Dopuitinctit o|)on to cunMtiro. Mr. Ro^ur (iotUot (/), who di*! t\ ^ood d'joi of Hurvnying for tho old Council of AHHiniltoia, anm thirnou ntiitig the ouunw uf lb« muim tu iltit pUum u( b«Kiimlim. b>t H45 :— IktginninK nt « txttt plaittml on tlm tiiMt Ixtrik of IU*i| lUvor, miH riiniiitiK N. 71" K. twunty-Hvu vhnlna, lluiru'it ■••uth to thu *w»iiip niitl Muml thu iMtat ■lilt) of tilt) Nwniiip to thu tr»ok UiaiIuim to liAyllolit fitriii, ihotiea N. 7H" W. to thu lintik of lluA Ulvur, nittl from thuiicu niotig tha oourao of thu mtiiiu to thu pliu-'uof hu^inniiiK. TIiIn lot coinpi'iHud 215 t«(uaru uci'uh ; tho tunitot 12()H)|iiuru acrvH. Roburt I^ognit vvtiH tliu ^runlco in uach iiiHtiiiicu. It liOM Injvd nutuil on po^u 02, G.'i, that in lH2.'i, CliatiuH (JuM|iutil Hnicu gut in fuc* niinplo Lot 168, ulovun ocreN iiccoiiling to thu "oIHcImI plan," which niUHt havu kton KunpH; MichaulUutiun got 153, tun acnsH, and Josojih Watt Lotn l.')4 and 155. A nunilK)r of yoarw aftor the cotnplution of Kuinp'H Hurvoy in lb22, Lord Sulkirk'n exocutoiH ducidud to liavo a now nurvoy, doubtloHH to correct any crrorH in prior onoH, and to ilufino tho liinitM of thu allotnientH of thu varioUN occupiurM. Ah appoaiH from Honiu of tliu cortitlcatoH of thu ux uMiturs (m), this Htep hatii)n im tlui iu«|> in WiiiiU|H){( in an tollowNi " PImi uf ih« E«(l Uivtir ( Vtony. copiuil fniin that in Uiu poiwioMJtion of Iho Ilii'lHon Itay < '<)iii|iany. Hurvoyutl in lHnC-7-M. Seal** 50 cliaiuN to an inch. " 'Dioro In no naiiut to it, hut it U univonally iickni)wl«ut^ur |)ariMh, nearly ; and on Itod Hivor, from tiuar thi) pri'Mt'tit town of Solkirk to Lot 20M on tho uaMt Mido, and to Lot 53 on tho woHt sidu, of thu paiinli -12 lotn in all, and tho niiiiihorM b«gin on tho woMt nido of Hod Kivor in Ht. Clomont'it pariNh, runnin)^ Houthorly ; thotic un tho eatit aido uf tho rivor run northorly. In AiigUHt, 1800, procodin;{ tho Trannfor to Canada, Lioui.* Oolonol J. S. Donnis, un luhalf of tho Dominion Qovi;rnmont, arrived at Fort Clarry, and tho actual floKl-work wan ho;;un in Soptomljor at Pomhina hy a Horios of obHorvation.H for latitudo to dotonuino tho poniticm of tho 4!)th paraHol ; "thono ohsorviitions placod tho bountlary-lino hotwocu tho IJnitod StatoM and tho torritorion ahout two hundred foot furtijor north than that dotorminod mouio yoarH proviousl^ ^y Gmoral Popo of tho United Statow army " (o). On tho lirHt of Decombor, owing to tho oporationn of Louis Kiol and his robols, Hold- work was finally Htoppod ; Colonol DonniHH Htatomont of tho roHultH of tho Hurvoy up to that time hIiowh a survey of tho Hottlod farm.s on tho wo.st Hide of llod Rivor, and bolow tho parlHh of 8t John's, and up tho AsHiniboino on thu north uido (n) Mr. Tnylor ia long doad. Uis olduat nun, Cuorgu, ia in tho Saaknt^ chowiin diatrict, and ciirrioa thu nwiil by stngo from Pritico Albort tn Mulfort, ii) tho Ciirr«>t Rivor country. For yours aftor his fathor'n doath ho proBorvod his books and papurs and a map of tho Colony. But ouo ovil day hia huuso took tiro whon ovory ono waa away, and all thoao procioua records woro burnt. Mr. Taylor ia about aixty yours of age. (o) Doania, anjmi. ! I II Iff 116 THE HUDSON S HAY botwcon Fort Garry and Silver Hoightu (or a littlo beyond the latter near Sturgeon Creek), ascertaining the actual boundaries and position of buddings, situation of roads, and traverse of river in front, 20,000 acres. Under the heading " Office Work " ho states that he had prepared, inter alvi, " one plan on scale of 60 chains to an inch, showing the Hudson's Bay Company's grants on Rod and Assiniboine rivers, as copied from their maps, and also showing whore the township exteriors, accoiding to the system decided upon, will intersect the same ; " and " Two finished tracings of Hudson's Bay maps, showing grants so far recorded." One would almost think that one of those maps must have been Kemp's survey, and the other Taylor's. What has become of these copies sent to Ottawa by Colonel Dennis? Further, what has become of the originals ? The present inquiry is not concerned with the subsequent surveys of the Dominion Government, the oflUcial maps of which can be readily obtained from the Department of Interior. Should any one care to pursue the subject further, full particulars will be found in Mr. Dennis's Short History. In the Dominioii Land Oftice at Winnipeg will be found throe volumes of " Surveyor's Reports of Parishes," by con- sulting which may bo found, generally, tho numbers of tho lots of tho Dominion survey which correspond to those of Taylor's survey, though in a number of instances the Dominion lots are much larger than Taylor's, arising almost always from the fact that when the Dominion surveyors found a settler in occupation of throe, say, adjoining Taylor's lots, they would enter them in their survey as one large lot. This accounts for the variation in size of the lots of the present survey. Mr. Taylor's plan cannot bo reproduced hero on a scale that would be of practical utility. To face this page is a reproduction of an outline map showing that portion of the settlement surrounding the Forks of Red River in "'^36, according to Taylor's survey. The original of this map is in %. Sw : "S I i (fi COMPANY'h land TKNUttEa. 117 the Provincial Library at Winnipoj,'. The later dato in lower right-hard corner, and the note rof'orring to the dotted lines, wore madj by Honie one in the employment of the Company, proliably cither Mr. Fortescue or Mr. ITargravo ; certain of the namc-i are also fdled in by them, nuch as " VVm. Drover," " Emmerling," " Iknnatyno," " McDormoc," " McKenncy," " McDougall." The words " PenHioners' Lots " are probably of a still later ori piU'cnc the holders [the Company] making any entry .;e/ "• oso in it. This was tho only olHcial record book of lo'id uan-idctions during tlio time tho Council of Assiniboia v ♦*. j Government of this country" (it). Tho original entries in Register IJ were made, says tho same witness, in Keating v. Moyscs, " from the old Hudson's Bay entries which wore in ([uarter folio, and they were made by him who got up this book, and his entry was rccogni?od by tho Hudson's Bay Company. ... I don't kno- \ 'hat becamo of tho old books ; I rather fancy they are in i ' londs of tho Department of tho Interior. Tho Company say they haven't got them. . . . This book took tho place of tho old books, and was njado for tho purpose of showing tho title, and has been used by the Company over since." Tho object of tho heading " Acres granted by Lord Selkirk," was to distinguish between those who derived title direct from tho Earl before ho rccon- veyed to tho Company, and those who derived from tho Company after that event. Though in 1883 tho Company said that it had not got (u) Council ostablishod in 1835. Btutoniont, na will later appear. Mr. McTaviah ia miataken in thiu *l •si* v R^l' i M 122 TilK IIUPHONH nAY tho nld rocordw from which Ro^i^iior B wax inmlo up. n Ntnto> mont rcpoatod to tho writer lft«t year, yut ho wiw fnrtimato ofioii^h, after a porMiMtcnt Ncarch, to diHCovor th«'iu an tho 27th oi uctol)or, ami thoy aro now in ca«o No. I, in tho (N)i.»pany'H warchouHo No. i, on tho north hank of tlio Utnl Uivor, and aro in(l"Xo(l an nuinhcrM (il ami fl'». Thoy mIimiiI 1 rathor ho (loHcrihod an Mniall folio volumcM, half-honnd in lahul rod loathor. Thoy aro laluillod in writing oh follows: — Mum" lloi|M>ctlnM Onints of Inml ill Itoii RIvor C aro two laUtr ^rantn tntorpolatud in A (lithinrnt haiiil, onu to William Dcmulil, jr., of Lot .')0, !).'{ f^^tional acroM, on May 2, IS4!{, at 7". (\il. p frnrtional acroH, hy tlir Conipany. on Kohruary .\ lH4t, valuoil at X7 I')". 0(/. The iridrenco from this would ho that Ile^iHtur ii is at least as old as lH\i. Most of tho grants hear date in April, 18.').'), hut a luitnhcr wore made on April l.'», IS.'IO; for example,the Widow Xeimody, fronj Lord Selkirk, of Lot 401, .')0 acres. This shows, as al)Ove suggested, that these dates cannot he relied on with certainty, for the colony had passed out of tho pcwyjssion of the deceased Karl's executors at Itust three years hefore The prices range fr(»m ')H., 7n, (ill., lOti,, to lis., (id. per acre. In tho " Kuniarks" are recorded transfers from one party to another, and other information, such as tho making of paymt;nts; in some cases no date of a grant is given, nor a price, nor from whom derived. Names and particuhws appear in these volumes which aro not noticed in H ; for example, compare tho entries in regard to Alox. McLean and Lots 220 and ()32, and John McLean, Lota 221 and G.*i3. In 13 Alex. McLean is not mentioned in ccmnect on with Lot 220, nor doos the name of John McLean appear at all. Apparently in B tho intermediate grantees wore not recorded, only the owner at tho time of the compilaticm. In an ollicial report made hy the lato '^hief Justice Wood, of Mauitoha, to tho Department of the Interior, on a cose (iv) (if) Quotod in A Mro|N)rti(>»t ; it nIiowm on tho faco of it that it i« not A conntt^cd hiNtory of any of tho loUt thuruin iiuintiunod, hut it la Htron];( primA facie proof of ownurHJiip in fuo at a Rpoci6od time. This iH the view now ontortainod hy tho l)CHt authoritioM and Act<> Taylor in IHSU (.»•), tho momotatidum "atod ah an agrcomont fur a loa^o ; for instanco, no torm in niontionoK«th«r with A r.«rtillcftt« of Liout-divvornm* Mryrrin. The work WW wi'll ami cnrufully ilonu, nven tho faintmt iwncil-iiiArkM btlng fnithfully r( th«< ori^^inAl woulii l>o NO reeoived. Ku({itttur A in in (iovumuiunt llndnu, \Vinnip«t((, •• * in a thick foliti volume, liltowiito ijounil in hrown pignltin nml tAMUinittl with two hrAM» ctoMpM. It i^ nuicli Nuiallor tliAn It, Mill in not NiAiiipt!ut of ilociuni-ntH rclatinj^ to tho Nottluniunt. The tlrnt thiriy^oiglU pagtm Alono aro utili^sml, and of tlu'Mo No. M.'i is l)lank. l)<»ctiiii«nt No. 1 is A copy of tho convoyanco from tho Coin|»uny ♦" liord Sclliirk, Juno 12, I Hi 1. Tills will ho found in Appenlix B. It occuplcH \)&'/,<'h l-l!) inclusive, tho lant three and a half heint»; taken up with atliilavitn of due execution, cortitlcatcH, etc. To face page !) in a copy of a niaj), beautifully executed, t>f tho territory j.frantt'd, on a largi! sheet folded up, tuon^ than twice a« hi^ a^ an ordinary paj,'e of tho regiHter. A T' duced copy of thin map will he found clscwhero in tluN Volume. Document No. 2 is a copy of tho agreement of July Ls, 1817, between Lord Selkirk and the chiefs of tho Saulteaux Nation, given on page 12 of this book. This agreement occupies pages 14 and 15, and to face tlu) latter page is a map, also reproduced in this volume on a roduceil .scale ; the portion conveyed is coloured blue in tho register. Document No. 3 occupieH pages 10-22, and three-quarters of 23, and is a copy of Trust Disposition (dufid .it llUnburgh, August 20, IhOO, and registered in the Hooks of the I. ^rds 120 THE IIUDSON'h BAY I M of Council and SoHwion on April 28, 1850) from Thomas Earl of Selkirk to Sir Janios Hall, Baronet of Dunglass ; Sir James Montgomery, Baronet of Stanhope ; Captain Peter Halkott of the Royal Navy; Adam Maitland, Esq., of Dundrennan; and Dugald Stewart, Esq., Professor of Moral Philosophy in the University of Edinburgh. It relates to the disposition of his various properties in Scotland ; " in the island of St. John's, alias Prince Edward's," consisting of lots or townships numljers ton, thirty-ono, thirty-two, tifty-soven, fifty-eight, sixty, sixty-two, half of twelve, one-third of fifty- three, and one-third of fifty-nine; in Upper Canada; and in the state of New York, being those "acquired by Henrietta Maria Colden, from William Constable, Esquire, of the city of New York, and by me from the said Henrietta Maria Colden, consisting of five thousand acres, or thereby, lying on the l)ank.s of Lake Ontario at the mouth of Great Salmon River." The Upper Canada lands are not specified, and the Rod River lands not then acciuired. Do(^ument No. 4? comprises pages 23 (one ([uarter) to .SO inclusive, and is copy of a "Supplementary Trust Dis- ])Osition and Settlement," executed by the Earl at Edinburgh, on April 28, 1820, in favour of " John Halkott, of Seymour Place, Curzon Street in the Parish of St. George's, Hanover Square; Andrew Colvile, of Ochiltree, and of Crommie in the county of Fife, and of Leadenhall Street in the Cit;r of London, Esquire; Peter Wedderburn, of Islabank in the County of Forfar, Esquire; and James Wedderburn, Esquire, His Majesty's Solicitor-General for Scotland, and the survivor and survivors of them accepting this trust to be trustees along with the said Sir James Hall, etc." This supploinentary deed is stated to have been necessary, as the first one, " having been executed according to the law of Scotland only, is insufficient to convey to my said trustees the lands and tenements therein mentioned which are situated in the island of St. John's, otherwise called Prince Edward's Island, in the province of Upper Canada and company's land tenures. 127 ' the United Staton of North America, or to convoy a certain tract of land, Ossinioboia (sic), wince acriuircd by nio from the Governor and Company of Adventurers of Enj^land trading in to HudHon's Bay." This, and the foregoing document, comprise the Earl's will(»/); he died at Pau on April 8, 1820. Document No. 5, on page 31, is a certificate of Probate granted by Charles Archbishop of Canterbury, to the effect that on Juno G, 1820, at London, was proved " the last will and testament, with a codicil thereto," of the Earl, and administration of his goods (sworn under £25,000), was granted to Sir James Montgomery, Bart., Andrew Colvile, and John Halkott, pjsquires ; power reserved to make a like grant to Sir James Hall, Bart., Peter Halkott, Adam Maitland, Dugald Stewart, and Peter and James Wedderburn, Esquires, when they or any of them should apply. The following note is added: "The effects have since been sworn under the sum of £35,000 (Sd.) H. Austis, Stamp Office, January 10, 1822." Document No. 6, pages 32-34, dated July 1, 1820, is a copy of the renunciation of the trusts under documents 3 and 4> by Sir James Hall, Admiral Peter Halkott, Dugald Stewart, and Peter Wedderburn in favour of Sir James Montgomeiy, Adam Maitk.nd, Andrew Colvile, John Halkott, and James Wedderburn, reciting the two trust dispositions, and that the four first-named parties had never acted thereunder. Document No. 7, dated May 18, 1823, is on pages 35-38, and is a power of attorney from Sir James Montgomery, Adam Maitland et aZ. to Sir George Simpson and Robert Parker Polly to sell and dispose of all or part of the District of Assiniboia; in terms it is in operation identical with the power, found on pages 48-4G of this volume, given to Governor Bulger. So much for Register A, which is here described, and its contents made known, for the first time. if (y) Vide Appendi-^ I. I 128 THE HUDSON'S BAY ' Where aro the volumcH that HhouKl accompany it, and ahow the actual grants of land made by the Karl and his oxocutois, as those made by the Company aro sliown in B ? The writer for a long time felt convinced that these registers must 1)0 in existence, as tlioy would bo too valual»lo to destroy, and instituted inquiries in all directions without, for a long time, any success. In the course of conversation in October, 1893, with Mr. John Balsillic, formerly of the Company's Horvico, the latter stated that he well remembered two such volumo:i, and had made some notes in regard to them. Mr. Balsillie consulted his memoranda, and stated that he had been employed at Winnipeg, in the autunm of 1891, by Mr. Joseph Wrigley, the Commissioner of the Company, to arrange and index a large quantity of the books and papers which were in warehouse No. 4, near Main Street bridge. In tho course of his work he unearthed two large land registers, in red leather binding, recording ^,'rants at Red River by the Earl of Selkirk and his executors, and giving other information relating to lands similar to that contained in Register B. He took an extract at the time from No. 2 of these volumes, which is now in the writer's possession. From this extract it appears that volume 2 was a record of " Deeds granted by Executors of Lord Selkirk up to 183-." From it it also ai)pears that on page 399 of that volume was a " deed to Donald Gunn and John McDonald from exors. of Selkirk, dated Feby. 22, 1825, by Govr. Pelly of Assiniboia, agent for exors. of Earl of Selkirk." Other notes of Mr. Balsillie's go to show thao the volume also contained a copy of the deed from the Company to tho Earl, and his will "proved in London June 6, 1820.' Those two precious volumes were not included by Mr. Balsillie with the other books and accounts, which related to the fur trade, but, as relating to the work of the land department, put aside by him; nor, for tho same reason, were they included in the catalogue of the books packed in the various cases and replaced in the warehouse, which catalogue is now in \ 1 COMPANY S LAND TENURES. ISO f tho custody of Mr. W. S. Bechor, the accountant. These land ro^istora wore set aside on a shelf in a back room of tho Conii)any'8 building on tho corner of Main Street and JJroadway; this room was back of a room well known to most VVinnipeggers as having boon formerly occui)ied by Mr. Herbert Swinfoid. The intention was that the Land Depart- ment should have volumes as forming part of their records, but each member of tho Land Department informed the writer in October that he was positive he had never seen the volumes ; tho accountant is ccjually positive he never saw them, and the only thing certain about them is that they have dis- appeared. Thinking that they might have been placed with tho account books in the old warehouse No. 4, the writer spent the greater part of a day in unpacking the numerous cases with the assistance of two men, but had to desist after a fruitless search. It is diflicult to imagine that two such note- worthy volumes could have been mislaid ; they must have been either stolen or concealed. The ofhcials of the Company stated that they had every disposition to find these records, but it says little, very little, for the way the internal aft'airs of that corporation are administered, that thf> two most valuable records of Manitoba have disappeared, and no explanation of their disappearance has even been demanded by the powers that be. Publicity is given to this matter, for it is to be hoped that at the next General Court of tho Company, some one of the directors who has the fair name of the ancient corporation sufficiently to heart, will cause such instructions to be given that the records will be found, for found they can be if they iiimt be. This should be done first as a public duty, and, second, to remove the reproach of carelessness and apathy which rests on those in charge at Winnipeg. "The Company," as the Commissioner, Mr. Chipman, said to the writer, " has nothing to conceal." This is true, and if all the officials were as willing to assist as Mr. Chipman, the task of the Red River antiquary would be 180 TUE HUDSON'S DAY .^ oanior, luit thoy arc not. Tho Company owes it to the public to atl'ord every facility for liiMtorical research, and it should l>e borne in mind that these public records are the pro[)orty in reality of the Government, for tho Company sold out its rights of every nature to Canaila, and all these volumes are but evidences of those rights, and should bo in the possession of the Manitoba Government, and as free to public inspection as are the public documents of Groat Britain in the Record Office in Fetter Lane. It should not be forgotten that Mr. Chipman was not in authority when these records disai)pearod, and is in no way responsible for their loss. But they should be recovered. While on tho subject of lost documents, it may be as well to mention the fact that it has long been a matter of current report that several bags of the Company's books and documents were lowered into the well in Old Fort Garry by the late J. II. McTavish, and never got out again ; this during tho taking of Fort Garry in 18G9. The well was lined with stone, and about iifty-five feet deep, dry most of the year. It has since been filled up, and probably tho volumes would yet bo in a good state of preservation. It might be worth while for the local antiquaries to look into the matter, for though it does not do to give credit to every idle rumour, yet stranger things have happened to Rod River books, to tho writer's own knowledge (s). As to the method of transfer of land in Assiniboia. 1. ii («) In the siunmer oi 1893 were diecoverod, in an old shod in the Hudson's Bay Reserve in the city of Winnipeg, back of the house then occupied by Mrs. Tlioinas Howard, some big folio volumes which formed part of the library of Mr. Peter Fidlor, the surveyor above mentioned. Two of these were battered and inc'ymplete portions of a four-volume edition of the Cyclopaedia of Ada and Sciences, 1786, with Mr. Fidler's name on the title-page of each. The writer presorvwl the two tith-j ages, giving one to Mr. W. C. Fidler of 8t. Paul's Pai'isb, a descendant, and keeping the other as an illustration of the strange preserrafcion of what were in all probability among the first bo<^« tJia* came to Red River. j!,-L COMrANY'S LAND TENUHES. 181 i Mr. J. II. McTavirth, in his ovidonco in Sinclair v. Midlujan, trioJ at Winnipog, in January, 1880, wont fully into Uuh point, confining his ovidcnco from 1800-1870, in which yoar.s ho stated Register B was in his solo custody at Fort Garry. Ho added, however, that the custom had been the same " as far back as the land l)ooks and papers connected with land transactions show." A verbal request on '■/he part of the holder of the land desired to be transferred, made to the custo- dian of Register B, that ho wished a transfer made or another name substituted for his in the Register, was doomed sufHcient, and the custodian would make the required change therein, and tho now name would be roffardod as that of the holder of the land. If the writer did not give the instructions person- ally, a written request would have the same effect. No seals were used on these orders or aiarry, October 11, 18G9. William Cowan, Esq. Please transfer to Thomaa Spo ot No. 242 in Point Dorj-las, as I havj made over to him all my riylii il.o and interest in said lot, as well as in the adjoining Lot 241. Your obedient servant, (Sd.) Wm. Drevek. (/») Supra. !«: 'iii ti|i - ' 18t THE IIUUHON'S HAY that tho prevalent modo uf tianat'crriiij^ land, until th, whou pofisossion was tho all-important evidence of title, and when there was scarcely any knowledge of law or any attempt at administering law in tho country, and when any such attempt was naturally of t'^i rudest sort. But if something moro sub- Btantial than cust3, 404 Adhemar, Patrick 428 Aideflon, Jotieph P. 1629 Aiglo, Uoiige, V 1293 Allnnl, Auibroise 1468 ,, Michel 1391 „ Octavo •J 13 „ Pierre 862 All«ne, Joseph 926 „ Pierre 926 Amdorson, CharleH 110,531 „ Henry 633 „ James, Sen. 44, 109, 511 „ James, Jnn. 400 ,1 John 110, 111,508 „ Tliomas 108, 508 „ William 511 Androuis, Brother 271 Annal, John ... 112,534,535 Arcan, Joseph 1313, 1477 ArcuB, David 38 Ashford, JamcR 233, 234 AtkinH, John 445, 450 Atkinson, 1090 „ Henry 4, 1240 No. Df I.iit III lUffifitor U. I I i ii 180 TIIR HUDSON H HAY N»m« of Urult*. If 0. of Lot in K«gliUr n. Attbion, JaincN ... 1870 „ Ji)liri ... .. 39 „ Tlionmii .. 1237 Ayotto, Ooujsftctiuo .. 253, 321, ma, 12H7 „ IMorro .. 254 „ IMcrro LovttlliHj, ... 1462 „ Plorro * * • ... 1481 Borons, Charles • • t ... 1494 Roiiamo, Aloxis, (lit L'KHp(5i anco 251, 981 Douchor, Francois >•• 2U1 „ iHlJoro . » t 018 „ J. M. ... 1212 Hoiuki', ivlwin ... 955, 95(5, 124;i ,, John ... 9.39,940,941,942 „ John P. ... 1238, 1239 „ Walter ■ . • 9,^)7, 95«, 12;W, 1240 HotiHqnot, Lonm ... 705, 7H0, 802 Uonvot, Kniile ... 243 „ Fran.;oia ... 243 „ Widow ... 243 Houvior, ••1 1437 Uownain, ... 961 Boyor, John Bpte. ... 1037 % /. ^w .^^ ^Z-**' ^. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 1.25 liilli 125 lU 1^ 12.2 u lift 2.0 U 11.6 6" Hiotographic Sciences Corporation ''is "^ 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14SS0 (716)S72-4503 if".^ lo i ^1 I I 138 Namo of flrantoe. Boy or, Picrro Bmban, AugiiHtin Braconnior, Amnblo Brasconnier, BaptiHto, Son. „ BaptiHto, Jun, Brabant, AugiiHtin Brolaiul, Pascal Bromncr, Aloxandcr „ Charles „ JanioH „ Thomas „ William Brennnn, Michel Bri^re, Baptisto Bristol!, Alexander Brown, Henry „ James „ John... ,, Magnus „ Thomas „ William Brnco, Antoino „ Baptisto „ James „ John ... ,, Louis ... „ Pierro „ William Bruneau, Thomas Brunneau. Francois Brunnor, William Bryant, William Buckingham, Willian) Budcl, Ilcnrj'... Budge, John ... Bunn, John ... „ Thomas „ William Burncll, Martin Butts, John ... Cadotte, Baptiste Joseph Laurent THE ITUDSON'H BAY No. (,f Lot In 1; dMft n. 1451 2(58 312 1317, 1318 122(!, 1319 25(5 141G 1282, 13G1 1301 1301 1283 1283, 1284 1223 1417, 1445 53. 409 159 158, 200, 900 90 224, 225, 071, 1227 159, 580 223, 1229, 1300, 1307, 1308 280 090, 091, 710 205, 035, 1248 259,200,202,091, 921, 1108 777 710 205, 200, 035 321 079, 095 978, 979, 980 1040, 1041 1222 92, 522 105 173, 174, 175, 170, 177, 587 410, 417, 170, 588 177, 588 1214 1227, 1228 354 812 343 company's land tenures. 139 N*ma of Qnntte. No, of Lot ill KegUtcr D. Caldcr, George ... 10 „ Jamoa ... 129 Caldor, William ... 11.3, 536 Camoron, Aloxantler ... ... 1345 ,» Hugh ... 656, 667, 658, 1342, 1344, 1346, 1347 Campbell, Duncan ... 180, 1533 Neil ... 647, 648, 64'J Canada, Charles ... 297 Canalior, Charles ... 226 Cantarrah, Modesto ... 1531 Caplotto, BaptiHte ... 936 „ Dennis ... 965, 1284 „ Joseph ... 928,929,935 „ Louis ... 939,940 Cardinallo, Jacques ... 1414 „ Louis ... 892 CarriSre, Alexis ... 878 „ Andrd ... 822 „ Andr^, Jun. ... ... 808 „ Audio ... 754 „ Daniel ... 755, 962 „ Elie... ... 319,326,925 „ Louise ... 875 „ Louison ... 702 „ Moyso ... 307 Carron, Antoino ... 703,712,784,788 Catholic Mission ... 285, 322, 376, 377, 378, 380, 381, 382, 684, 685, 686, 687, 688, 689,690, 691, 692, 694, 695, 698, 699, 700, 701, 704, 706, 707, 708, 709, 724, 725, 727, 728, 729, .730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735, 730, 737, 741, 749, 750, 751, 752, 753, 903, 929, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1303, 1304, 1305, 1441, 1509 Catholic Schools, Brothers of ... 322,094,699 Chalifoux, Michel ... 1146 Chambertin, ... 940 Champagne, Emanuel ... ... 275, 277 „ Manuel ... ... 861 Champaigne, Emanuel ... ... 854 „ Pierre ... .305 Charbonneau, Baptiste... ... 080 „ Jean ... 291 i 1^ f 'i 140 Name of flrtnteo. Chnrotto, Daptisto „ Jofloph Charity, Slstow of Chotd, Thoophilo Church Missionary Society Giro, Franfois „ Jean Clarke, William Clauston, John „ William ClouBton, James „ Robert Cochrane, Rev. William Cockran, Ilonry „ Thomas „ William Collier, Robert Colombo, Francois Common, A. ... Comptois, Etionne, Sen. „ Etionne, Jmi. „ Marcel Cook, Charles „ Henry... ., Jany „ Jenny ... „ Jeremiah „ Joseph „ Kitty ... ,, Letty ... „ Nancy... „ Polly Samuel ••• Sophy ... Corbett, Rev. G. 0. ... Corrigal, James „ John „ Peter Courcheno, Antoine „ Francois ... Contois, Andr6 Widow THE HUDSON'S BAT » No. of Lot In negliiler B. 360 357, 3fil, 363 730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 736, 736, 737, 738, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747, 748, 749, 750, 751, 752, 753, 1510, 1511 373 77 1468 725, 741 15.30 445 1342, 1343 676 676 221, 493, 6.3;j 597, 598 597 129 914, 922 846 224 388, 400 386 354, 400 578 578, 1250, 1251 578 678 1215, 1331, 1332 157, 578, 579 678 155, 678 578 578 155, 578 578 1046, 1047, 1346, 1348, 1349 86, 87, 94, 119, 503, 509, 532, 534 477 136, 562 387 858 790, 1530 915 COMPANY 8 LAND TENURES. 141 N«m« of Orftnt«#. No. of Ut. In R«gliter D. Cox, Joliii ... ... ... 26, 441 Cremor, CharloH 48, 465 Crom«rtio, .Tohn 132, 571 CummiiigH, Charles 98, 99, 527 „ Cuthbort ... 96, 97 „ Malcolm ... 93, 504 „ Robort IM2, 584, 1534 Cunningham, JanioH ... 1073, 1074, 1377 „ "Widow ... 669 Cyr. (FiV^eCiro.) Daoneau, Joseph loor, Dahal {Vide Dahl), Alexander... 186, 591, 606 „ Poter 186, 606 Dahl, Alexander 185 Daignoau, Joseph 762 Damoulin, Pierre 1174 Daniel, Edward 420 „ George 419 „ Griffith 67, 483 „ Jacob 493 Danphinais. ( Vide also Unpliinais) John 425 Daviphiu^, Francois 855 „ Maximilian ... 407 „ Michel 717, 857 Davis, George 8,9 „ J. Baptisto 908 „ Matilda 88 ,, Widow 87, 512 „ William 912 Dease, Francis M. 697 „ John ... 332, 829 „ William 774 Decept, Michel 832 Defond, Joseph 552 Deganne, Joseph 412 De Lanoix, Louis Laferte 323 Delorme, Alexis 390 „ Fm-geon 1465 „ Joseph 384, 385 „ Norbert 1160, 1161 „ Pierre 412 „ Urbain 1443, 1444, 1454, 1456, 1464, 1465 ' '■wwMllBMBB"^ wmmms>mv--- 142 I' I I , Nania of Ur*ntM. DonlerftlH, BiiptiHto {dit Lamftlico) 344 THK HUDSON'S HAY No. of liOt In Rfglotor II. DoiiimiB, Jciui Baptittto ... 719 Donnot, Andrew ... 663 Dcnnot, William ... 652,556 DonniHon, William ... 203, 1335. 13.36, 13.37 Dorochor, Baptisto ... 1407 Dorocior, Joan Bpto. ... ... 567 DoschampH, Bpto. ... 1288 „ Framjois ... ... 295 DoHColtcau, JoHopli ... ... 348,-376 „ Louia ... 365 „ Piorro ... 408 DosjnrdinH, Antoino ... 794, 796, 1493 „ Bpto. ... .331 DesmaraiH, Baptiato ... 402, 541 „ Charles ... 96. 607 ,, FranyoiH ... 507, 834 Donald, Charles ... 5 „ William ... 30,47,48,446,463 Doolan, Martin ... 921 Drovor, William ... 242,249,1212 Dubois, Xavior ... 801 Ducharmc, ... 946, 1302 „ Antoine ... 381 „ Baptiste ... 389 „ Joseph ... 1018, 1316 „ Louis ... 1291 „ Oliver ... 686, 687 „ Pierre ... 705, 878 ,, Widow ... 745,746,747,748 Duchesne, Moyso ... 295 Dumas, Joseph ... 359 „ Michel ... 318,924,927,984,985,986 Dumond, Isidore ... 285 „ Sacast^ ... 778 Dumoulin, Pierre ... 1174 Dunnet, William ... 143 Dunord, Antoine ... 263,264,265,272 Duphinais, Franfois ... ... 1396, 1397, 1398 Dupuis, Baptiste, Sen. ... 272 „ Baptiste, Jiui. ... ... 272 Easter, John ... 110 Edwards, John ... 421 COMPAI ^VH LAND TENCRES. Nkm« of r)r*nt«e. No. uf Lol III ll«|ltter D. KIho, Henry ,.. ... M9,y40, U41 Flmlft, .loaoph ... 370 Emlyn, JacqncH, Hon. „. ... .301 „ Joseph ... 306, 369 Emlyn, Louis Solomon ... 301 „ Solomon ... 781,789,797 ErabmuB, Ilonry ... 540 „ Potor ... 120,515 Famen, ... 814 Fftillo, JouiHHant ... 265,260 „ Piorro ... 266 Falcon, Baptisto ... 1131,1132 „ Cuthbort ... 1144 „ Elio ... ... 1141 „ Fran9oiH ... 1130 ,, Pierre ... 1130, 1136, 1406, 1432 Favel, JoBeph ... 572 „ Pftim Sanders ... ... 415 „ Siimuel ... 548,649,550 „ Thomas ... 529,561 „ William ... 528 Fiddler, Andrew ... 1218 „ Alban ... ... 1219 „ Ohailea ... 1220 „ Clement ... 1223, 1358, 1061, 1062 „ CorneliuH ... 1235, 1236 „ Edward ... 1360 „ Peter ... 1365,1374 „ Widow of George .., 1486 „ William ... 1186 Fidler, James ... 415 „ John ... ... 1,1181 „ Thomas ... 1, 411, 413, 1063, 1362 Firth, Thomas ... 56,57,472 Fisher, Alexander ... 779 „ Ambroiso ... 266 „ Henry ... 763,764 Flammand, ... 757 Flott, George (son of John) ... 438, 1093, 1094, 1095, 1374, 1375 „ Charles ... 621 „ Heirs of George ... ... 1242,1243,1244 „ James ... ... 475 „ John ... ... 199,622 148 i i I I I U4 Nam* of (IrkiiUf. Flt'tt, H()l»ort ... „ Willlfttn FoUtor, ilamoH ,„ It John „ ThninoH Koloior, William FurboM, Juhii... ForbiHtor, Jamofi „ Jolm Forticr, Adoth FouKlfl, John... „ Henry „ 8amuol ,, Thomas Foiirnaiso, Fmn^olH Fonwocn, W. O. Foys, Jouissanto Franks, Jamos ... Frasor, Hugh Jamoa ... JamoH, Jun, „ John ... Frobinhor, Thomos Frog Plain, Tlio Fur Trade, Tho U.U)DY, William Oadowa, ... „ Dpto. Galarnoau, Joseph „ Louia Gardiner, Thoman Gardipe, J. D. Gardupuis, P. ... Garrioch, Gavin „ John „ William „ Widow Garry, Lower Fort „ Upper Fort Gaudry, Andrd Gendron, Franfois Gentou, Joseph „ Maximillian .., THE IIUDHON'H «AV »» No. or Lot la lUgUtcr It. 1370 186, 477. m 603 127, 446, 66*2 6, 181 146 1379. 1380, 1381 88, 619, 13C4, ia8^ ^-, 01,1102 i COMPANY'h land TENUIIEH. 146 Nam« of OMStiM' N«. ol Loi III lUgtMar N. OtOfgo, Vmn- • •• • •• 840 Gtrtid, Jos<^t)h • •• • i* 1436 OorvniH, Uiito. • •• 1 1* 1440 Qilboaii, JuHoph • •f ,. 1444, 14UI-. Uilboault, Ilulunin • •• • t • 141)1 „ JoRopli • •• • t . 1448 OUdio'i, CharloH • (• • 1 1 141R „ Piorro • •• • t> 717,718,806,871 Oladioiix, Fiurro • fl» • •• 807 Qladstorio, William • •• • !• 41(5, 417 Qladu, CliarloB t*a • •• 1402 „ Piorro • •• • •f 804 Oonvilio, Antolne • «• >•• 1470 GoHolin, Miciiol ■ •• • *• M'2 Uoiulrio, Aiulro • •■ • •• 226, 237, 2.18, 2.W, OD.I Qoulait, Elziadd • •t • •• 403 Qoulot, AIoxiH • •• • •• 707, 717, 800, 874 „ Jacqiio t*« ... 828 „ Roger • •• • *• 201, 764 Qowlor, Joiin • •• • •■ 1327 „ Oliver • •• • .. 072, 1024, 1322, 1323, 1.32.'i, 132(5, 1.327 UrondboiH, Alexia «(■ • ■• 701 Grant, Cuthbort • •• • •t 1439 „ J. Bpto. ff«* t«fl 840 Groon, Stophon ■ It • •• 12.37 Qronvlllo, Alex., Juii. .*• ... 1516, 151G GromulH, Indian Tent lllg • .* 007 Ounn, Donald ..f 33, 34, 452 „ Georgo • •• • • • 163G, 1637, 1638, IWO „ James ... • •• ... 430 „ John ... • •• ... GOO „ John, Jan. • •• . •• 417, 418 „ William ... ... 187, 1100, 1101, 1102, 1103, 1104 IIalcbow, David t •• ... 04 „ Thomas • •t ... 140, 150, 676 Hall, Wra. B. • •t .. . 1010, 1020, 1021, 1022, 1023 Uallott, JamoB • •• ... 023, 1224, 1225 „ James, Jan. »•• ... 1226 „ Julius • •• ... 1224 Halletto, Henry, Son. • •• ... 22.5, 226, 1228 „ Henry, Jun. ... ... 226 „ Miss • •• ... 225 „ William • •• ... 226, 1236, 1388 \ I i I ■■■ I 140 Tiir, ifirnHON'M lur Nkiue ot (VVMow), AntoilW ... 'tlb 1 llAniiltun, Danlul ... mi 1 flnrciiH, Diiviil, Hon. ... 37 „ Diwiil, Jun. ... 87 „ Ooorgo ... 131 „ John ... 4'20 IlftrknosH, Alexander ... It92, 993 IliirknoMH, Aiulrew ... 919,920,921 lltii-por, JiuuoB ... 447 „ John ... 19.1,619 IIiirrlHon, Thomuh ... 679 lliirriot, John C. ... 416, 417 IlawoH, Ilonry ... 616 Iliiy, ThoiimH ... .16 lleninihigway, Fioderiek ... 27 ' Ilcndortion, AngtiH ... 600 Noll ... 688,941,942 „ I'otor ... 122, 505 ,, Samuol ... 183, 585 Willittni ... 599 i Iloiirl, AIoxIh ... 370,371 IIodgHon, Jolm ... 93,95,121,606 Hogg, JoHoj»h ... 1286 Iloguo, Anmblo ... 987,1224 „ Antoino ... 990,991 „ LouIh ... 974,976,076,977 „ Tliomau ... 989 IIoolo, Louis ... 1498 Iloule, Antoino ... 781,782 Ilourio, Ooorgo ... 139 ,, John ... 9,139,671 Pliilip ... 139,671 „ Robert ... 8,666 IIowso, Henry ... 560 Iludson'b Bay Co. ... 221, 234, 249, .126, 415, 598, 650, 651, 783, 863, 864, 865, 899, 908, 918, 921, 1032, 1212, 1491, 1496, 1497, 1498 Indian Tenting Groundh; ... 907 Inkstcr, James ... ... 216,217,636 „ James, Juu. ... ... 650, 65t, „ John ... ... 215, 604, 1241, 1242 ' Irlando, Louis Rlello, dit ... 766 Irvine, George • t • ... 1213 COMPANY M LAND TKNURKH. U7 GfA 651, 1)18,921, 1, 1498 ■mm t? UnniM. No. of IM In H««IMW ti lrvlM,JftnM ... ... 7 „ Jolin ... ... ... mi, uHi Iubkrtor, Jtun«« • •• * .* liiia, vm, 120S „ .lohti 1*. ... 164, 674 „ Thomait ... ... 74, 41)0 iHAfto, Widow ... . >* 786 iMlmiu, JamoM . ** ... ft43 jAME.vtr, FraufjoiH • M 1416 .loArmiimo, Holomoii ... ... 860 Junntiot, UtiptUtu ... ... 800 Jonnvoiio, Piorro ... *.* 887 JoAuriut, ilit. VoNtriH * * * *•. 14-i*l JoroMK', Martin ... ... :v2\\ 3;}o .loUl, Thoophiiu • •• ... 37.1 Jobln, AiiibroiMO t « * * ». U2«, l>8« Juhnototi, Iloriry ... ... 226 Johiiitono, . • . ■ >. 1213 „ Oeoi-go ... . .* 80 „ JamoB . *. ... 04 JolliboiH, BaptlHto * * . ... 401 Jollicoour, Louis ... ... 278 Jordan, Patrick ... ... 4, 1328 Jouron, JoHopli ■ •• . .. 852, 86.) •TuiHHaumo, Ltuironto ... ... GDI, 1640 Kknnedy, Philip • *i . .. 75 Widow * •• ... 76, 491 Kenny, Edword ... ... 1227 Kipi)ling, Ooorgo • t I ... 2, 642 „ John • »• ... 2 „ TlioniftH • (• ... 3 KirJcncss, William ... ... 1014, 1214 KittHon, Norman W. .ft ... 77.% 774 Klyno, Michel • *i ... 227 Knight, JaraoB !•• ... 140, 569, 582 Knott, John ... ... ... 89 Laboucan, JoHoph LafournaiBO, dit 766 Laccrt<5, Raphael ... ... 887 Ladoaux, Baptisto ... ... 1466 Pierre 1483 Laderoute, Louisa. {Vide also Ladiroot and Ladiroute) ... 369 I ^1 14N TIIK UUIMUMM DAY h I iFDIwrt JtHiL«rif ... U, .I.uiuM Ul'ort*', l.oiiit I'lorru bifcrty, Lgui« LallUho, — ^ Liliiiido, Anmblu Lafontjiiiio, Crtllxc Lur<)iirn«iHu, .luHopti, Uit Lalouoau Lnfronior, Aiituino ... .., Liifrotiloro, Antoino Lagotuotii^ru, Ikjiijainln „ Joan Uaptbtu „ Lftprorlo ... I, Itoiimiii Lajoumoiii^ro, .1. nto. ... Laliborto, Autolno „ Piorro Lamalico, Uto. DornloraiH, >lil .., „ Paul Lambert, Atitoino „ MIcliol ,, TliutuoH Lamlraudo, Aloxis Laiidrlo, Joseph Lauo, luidoro Lanoix, Louiit Laforto do Lnpiorro, Louis Brian, dil „ Piorro Lapino, BnptiHto Laplanto, Baptisto ... „ Loiiiu „ Oliver Larnnco, Clmrlos „ Norbort Larivio, Ilyacintho „ Louis ... uui, uas «7S 881 8T8 UOi, 149.1 m) 71) I, VJi 720 867 180.1 808, .')(>'.) 14&7, lifiH 7C«; 1470 1174, 1176 682 684 688 681 748 885 886 844 006 311, .300 lua, 5-25 104 862 788, 793, 871, 317, 321 072 1499, 1500 823 260, 1629 781 760, 1488 652, 717 288, 289 279 688, 692, 723, 787, 788 333, 352, 360 017 828 compamy'm lamd tknuri liO NwMitOni mm. M«, tl U« In RtgMaf ii liMrtyi^rt*. Kraofob ■t. ••■ TM taWifl, Aii'lrd .., m ^^^^••iw >•■ •274, l*)«, 1.100 CMWIW >>• It. 30!l VnUiyoll »»• ••• 8ft(), 101.1 Jottph •*• •■• 7fl(), 703 „ Lonit ... • • • IDlft „ Ullvvr • »i * tt 1448 1) Pwfft •*• * *t 1447 Uroodt, LomIn D. • • • ... {MK) L«MN{iw, PrMtfola ».i • • • 101.1 UvftlM, Mtohcl »•• »•• 860 Uv«U4ti (Widow ••• *«* '281 UvaUm, Martin ... •267, 700. 713 „ Pioiro, di<. Ayittlc '271 LiWftlllo, Charl.m Muttliow UOtf „ •lunn ... t.i •*. 1114 „ Plorro, Mnrtbi 11 US Liuorduro, AIoxIh ,,, ,,, 868 ,t JuMupIt *•* ... 1313 „ Plorro ■ »• « • . 1310, l.ni, 1312, 1313, 1316 Luviolotto, IkptiHto •ti ..I 116.1, 1164, 1166 M CbarloH ••1 ... S'21, 703 „ Chariot), Jun. ... 14.10 Looak, Catherine 83 „ Haiuuol 400 „ ThomftD 84, 420, 600 „ William 162, 16.1 Loborgo, Widow 797 Loblanc, Laurant 686 Lodoux, I'iorro 1407 Lcduc, Mario (Widow) 113 LogroH, Antuino 880 LoIIh, Patrick U13, {)14 Lonmy, JoHcpii 261, 368 LumoH, Jubn Loa 73 LonoiUor, Louis 1466 Loptao, AmbroiHo 272 „ Daptisto 272 1) 786 Lorancc, Baptiste 310 „ Dazil 306 „ Joan BaptiBte 786, 786, 788 L'Esporanco, Alexia Boiwrno, dit. 261, 981 I 1 W) 1 r fm^i- 160 THE HUDSON'S BAY Nitme of (Irtntou. No. of Lot In lUgUtur U. L'Espovaiico, Andrew ••• ... 982,083,1111 „ AugitHtii I ... 303 tt Jusopli ... ... 79G Lotondro, JoHoph ... ... 913 Lovoillor, Piorro . .« ... 19, 1120 Lillio, Daniel ... ... ... 171, 172 Linklator, Andrew . .. ... 83,499 „ Hugh • *• ... 89 John • *• ... 84,500 Livingbtono, Donald ... ... 616 Livingetono, Noil ... ... 225, 616 Logan, Alexander ... ... 245 „ Kenneth ... ... 245 „ Robert ... ... 245, 078, 863, 864, 865, 866, 8 „ Robert, Jun. ... ... 1012 „ Inonias ... ... 228,899 „ William ... ... 865,866 Louaiso, Francois ... ... 271 Loutit, Low ... ••• ... 28 Lower Fort Garry. (-See Garry, Lower Fort.) Luoior, Alexander • t ■ ... 1152, 1153 „ Bazil ... • •* ... 1150, 1151 „ Toussant . *■ ... 551,557 Lupsier, Amiable • ■ * ... 1157 „ Joseph ... ... 1165,1166 „ Touaaaint . • . ... 1167, 1168 Lyons, John ... ... ... 11 Mackiotosh, Christopher ... 1054,1055 Maguire, Philip ... ... 1217 Maitelle, J. Bte., Son. ... ... 281,282,283 „ J. Bto., Jun. ... ... 280,284 Malktere, Alexis • at ... l!05 „ Joseph Nandon ... 1164 Mallay, Patrick ... ... 1228 Mally, Patrick ... ... 1227 Mankman, Joseph ... ... 142 Marchand, Benjamin ... ... 326,699,760 Cyril . .. ... 326,802,879 Marion, Fran9ois ... ... 773,774,869,1480 „ Maxuuillian ... ... 404 „ Narcisse ... ... 298, 328, 702, 709, 710, 870 Marsailles, Baptiste ... ... 330,910 I m company's land tenures. 161 l«gi»(or B. ;5, 806, 899 10, 870 N»mo of (irtntee. No, of Lot in Register D. Martin, Abnihnin, dit DarnftW ... 1407 MosBcy, Robert 1542 Masson, Fmn9oi8 860 Mfttlicson, Alo.xftndor ... 210,000,007,011,620 „ Angus 212,001,008,011 „ DoimM 220 „ Hngli 001, 608, 611 „ John 196, 210, 213, 214, 007. 625, 620, 1004, 1085, 1080, 1087 639, „ John Prichard 210 „ Samuel 212 „ William 640 Matty, Captain 225 Mill, Steam, Company ... 223 Millar, Kobert 150, 151, 577 Minney, Charles 410 Mission, Catholic. (.S'ce Catholic Mission.) Missionary, Church, Society 77 Mitchell, John 242 Monkman. (-See Mankman.) Montrel, Louis 377 Moor, George 447 Mooro, William 1033 Moreau, Jean Baptiste 860, 873 Morgan, Robert 1385 Mornin, Antoino 372, 373 „ Etienno 261 „ J. Bto. 729 „ Louis 334 „ Louison 259, 260 Morriseau, Joseph 1489 Morrisette, Arson 316 „ Baptiste 1320 » Fas 1061, 1062 „ Norbert 1321 Morrison, Angus 15, 613 „ John 99, 527 „ Murdock 607 Mouvick, James 04, 65, 480, 481 „ John 137, 563 Mowat, Edward 52, 408, 494 „ Thomas 58 Muir, John, Sen. 29,441 If J I ' <'njmw i tiiii. 'ii' ii«mi i im'uji.u ' '! > ' J )} I 152 Nune of Qnntee. Mnir, John, Jun. ... Mulligan, Jamos Munroo, Aloxandor Qoorgo Robert Murray, A. II. ... Alexander Donald „ James McBeath, Adam „ Alexander , „ Donald McBeath, John Morrison Robert „ Roderick McCorrister, Alexander Andrew .., Charles . . Henry James John McDormot, Andrew .. it II >i u >i *l 11 l» McDonald, Adam Alexander Angus Donald John John, J'ln. Keimetli Mnrdock William McGillls, Alexander Angus Daniel Duncan „ William Mcintosh {Vide Christopher) Mclver, Donald ... M >t n n *> )i ij 11 ti N THE Hudson's bay No. of Lot In Register B. ... 28 ... 260, 260, 262, 297, 911, 912, 916, 910, 917, 918, 927 ... 644, 645, 640 ... 612 ... 641,642,043,650,051,662,063 ... 10 ... 198, 590, 621, 1328, 1339 ... 194,548.557,559,582 ... 198 ... 1636 ... 695,590,017 ... 690 ... 191, 192, 618 ... 189 ... 190, 191, 595, 596 ... 189, 190 ... 449 ... 28,49,61,443 35,443 30,444 35,444,070 454 228, 1092, 1093, 1214, 1220, 1207, 1208, 1209, 1270, 1271, 1272, 1273, 1274, 1275, 1270, 1277, 1281, 1282, 1531, 1540 120,470 470 792 21,59,115,110,472,474,5.38 32, 33, 110, 451, 452, 531 ... 452 100, 104, 513 443 187, 475 1188 1438 1189, 1455 1191 1190 MacKintosh 1054,1055 592,994 .1- .iu, .-»?»*rt>***jaa«'*a»™- 916, 916, 63 J67, 1268, 73, 1274, 82, 1531, II II 11 N»me of Or«nte«, McKfty, Alexin Aii^inis Robert Goorgo Ignaco JamoH James, .Tun, John Neil ... Robert „ Simon McKenzio, Donald McKonzie, Hector A. „ Roderick McLean, Alexander McLennan, Mnrdock McLeod, Angus „ Donald „ John, Jun. „ Louise McMillan, William McNab, James „ John „ Thomas McTavish, Jolm H. McRae, Duncan „ John... Napais, Louison Naud, Joseph „ Widow Naudt, Amable „ Baptisto „ Boniface Nault, Amable Noron, Jeremio Nolin, Augi-stin „ Jean ... Norman, J. B. „ Michel, Sen, Norn, Louis ... „ Samuel company's land tknures. No, of Lot In Reghter B 158 1490 1381 203, 1336 692, 603 1174, 1195 59, 108, 592, 693, 594, 916, 917, 1071, 1072, 12G2, 1301, 1302, 1316 1252, 1253 693, .594, 1387 86 203, 625, 1336 378 1378 1266, 1257 26, 440 632 10, 104, 527 426, 427 652, 1540, 1541 436, 448 271 775, 1260, 1261 676 422 420,421,676,676,1268 714 446 586 910 1164 1164 698, 789, 790 314, 677 782 241, 698 276, 322, 691, 699, 700, 744 739 1111, 1126 1212 340, 341, 844 341 1404 158, 159, 580, 581 ■M 154 THE Hudson's day Nkine of Ortntfo. No. of Lot In li<>|liter n Norn, Widow ... lf)8, 169 Norquay, llonry ... 180 ,, John ... 51,127,407 „ Joseph ... 180 ., Mary ... 180 Olhkn, Olaf ... ... 1361) Omnnd, Jamos ... 81,497 „ John ... 1035, 1030, 1228, 1229 Ostorlag, Louis ... 746 Pa )> J) No. of Lot In ReRtnter n. ... 1401 ... 816 ... .Slfi ... 800 ... 822 ... 1446 .,. 1145 ... 815 ... 796 ... 196 ... 143.3 ... 911 ... 916 ... 252 ... 353 ... 798 ... 1119, 1132, 1142 ... 1407 ... 1422 ... 1127, 1128, 1212 ... 1408,1409,1410,1411,1420 ... 1423, 1424 ... 211,625,027 ... 657, 659 ... 211,025,626,027 ... 185,219, 586, 021, 02;j ... 072 ... 211, 027 ... 848 ... 950, 951 ... 822 ... 327 ... 599 ... 002 ... 191. 597, 598, 002, 020, 833 ... 002 ... 602, 020 ... 790 ... 1255 ... 1254 ... 1532 ... 209, 1247, 1254, 1255 ... 71,487 ... 71, 487, 489 >i ' 4 « • I 16(5 THE HUDSON H UAY N*mjrta^' i #! l^!^i^^fcMy^'^. feq ^w^ COMPANY 8 LAND TENIJUKH. 169 NdOM or (trtDUw. No. of IM, III tURliti^r H Mponco, John ... ... 14, 112, U.'i, 117, 127, r>45 ,, JoH(t|ih, Bon. t .. ... 225,06.3 „ Maj^nuH •*• ... 112,117,6.16 „ Tlionms . .. ... 242,1211 StophoMHOu, William ... ... 614 Williftm ... ... i;J39, 1.140, 1341 Htovona, Riclmnl ... ... 41, 42, 167, 4«4 StovonHon, J. ».. ... 1032, 10.13 Williftm ... ... 10.K), 1031 8towftrt, JfttncH ... ... 203, 913, !>4.1. 944 Stixigoll, GliiirloH ... .. 963, 954, 1224, 1244 Sutliorlaiicl, Aloxander ... 231,232,6.14 „ (JeorKc ... ... 197 „ JnriiuH ... ... 96, 164, 614 „ John, Hen ... 195, 214, l;0.^ 231, 2.12. .W.). 60.^.. 632, 6.13, 6.15, 1(165, 1066, HX)7 „ Roderick . . . ... 1.58, l.'')9,5«0, 581 „ William ... ... 97.504,631 Swiiin, ... ... ... 420 ,, JamoH ... ... 450, 12«1 „ John ... ... ... 1311 „ Robert *•« ... 1286 „ Tliomart ... ... 1285 Hymlcson, William ... ... 1026, 1027 Tai'IiB, Right Rov. Aloxaiulor ... 1763 Tait, James ... ... ... 652, 6.53, 1048, 1049, 1050, 1051 „ John ... ... 82, 498, 562, 1231 „ Robert ... ... ... 214, 1251, 1278 „ William .. - ... 208,615,652,653, 1042, 1043, 1044,1045 „ William, Jim. ... ... 67.1, 1256 Tato, James ... ... ... 102 „ Joseph ... .. . ... 519 „ William ... ... 240 Taylor, George ... ... 27,442 James ... ... 158, 159, 161,580, .581 „ John ... ... ... 1.154, 1.155 „ William ... ... 160, 1333, 1334 Thibcault. FraiivoiH ... ... 295,928 „ Louis ... ... 702 Thibert, Piorro ... ... 1169, 1170, 1487 „ Xavior ... ... 1170, 1171, 1172 Thomas, Charles . . . ... 85,501 „ Richnril ... ... 43,458,459 ino Tiir. niTDfiON'H nxY If*m« of tlfMilm*. ' i TliomftM, HIrnon Thnmaii Willinm Tliom|t«on, .lohn TliiiriiHon, Atidrow Tliorno, Oooi^o Thyfiiiilt, ilnzil „ L. ... Tiorcot, Joronilo „ Vital To, of UA in RrgMtr Hi IMi M$ 68A Ui^ (IH, 4H I 770 aafl, 777 971 rjr.7 101 1 UM 1070 I'KVi 40, 46i 030 230 2;)0, .13ft, .142, 340, 3riO, .l.'il, 354. .35.'), .'W7, ,301. .302, .300, .307, .308, 400, 400, f)10, 51 «, 630, 580, 843 1210 !» •I Vftlloo, AupiHtin Vftliquctto, J. Bpto. Vmidallo, Antoino Antuino, Jan. Joseph ... „ Pierre Vamlrio, JouinHniiit „ JuiiiHHaiut, Jan. Vormott, AloxiH Antoine Jouopli LoiUB „ Picrro Vermotto, JoHoph, Son. VorsaillcH, Widow Vcstris, FraQ9ois Joaiinot, dit Villenouve, Fran(,'oi8 Xavicr ,, Michtil )» 708 74.3, 714 710, 823, 3.37 860 305, 553, .^.^)0, 5.^.8 313 723 840, 1170, 13(K; 338, 330 858 1614 330 338, 3.30 840, 1170, 1306 811,812 1426 918 713 , 3M, .15ft, «, 400, 400, roMPAXYH r.ANI) TtCNUtlKti VUlra, ImM... » It • *f nw Vbuitnt, John • •• • •t H17, 173 Vivinr, AI«xIn, Juti. • •* »f» 1470 V(>IUr, Jfttnet tat (■I 54,470 Wahi), John ... ... «*• ll/i, II2.I Wntk, Williiim t * . • •t I5H, 160, WMl, rA\ Wuato LdriflM. {Vitit Urioci-tiplotl.) W^MAei, • ( ■ ■ .* 7ftl Wliitn, .hvmm ti • •! 8'i»t „ JoHoph ..1 1 I 1 .1.W „ Thomu • •• (1* m\) Whitoforil, .lftino« • t * ... nil Whim Horn I'lAiiifl, Tho I« • 14.13 Wliitowfty, Janum t*« * ■• I.U Jowph • • • • »• 134 Willotto, .IftoiuoH *t* ... 8*24 Wiiitzol, Aloxnndoi' • 1 1 *•« ftl'2, «71 Wiuhart, JamoH • •• • ■• 158, m, 580, 5HI Yanc, Joan ... ... • *• 881 Young, .IftmoH ... ... 457 „ PaBCftl . .. • •• .340, 341 ini H\i Titr iiudion'n iiay compaky'm land I I i •. a. ... 20 It) A 6 a (1 1 ID 1) 11 1 M l.'J II ... Hi 7 7 ... ;w :\ Hint KMKNT.VUY LIST. I't'liiN loott ihlll WAN rotitiil iMitwooii tliu IMK"" "f Il**Kl"ti*r '^'l Llitt of MmM, with nmoiinti dun, tranMrorrn|tli I.IH'llM'O, iloMOl)!! liitoridro, dit, IttUtoHh .Imii llii|)t«. MftifliainI, (iul'iii'l MiMHioll, ('lltlldlil' McPotmld, An({tiN M<'riiiiilir tlii< Kulth, Ac To \i.i, towlmnitliiiH l'r<'Mitilii)hi>lli'iiiiin, KniotliiK.' WiiRMrAit Our Jcitr itiul (tiitlrdy tM Curtrrxt, KnJKliU, ■hxtwrn IIiiyi'M, Jnhu Kirliii, Williiiin l'ri'Uyiiinii,.lo||ii Kitni, H*i|iiir(ii, ikiiii .loiiii I'ortiiiikii, Citi/i'ii ikinl (ioliliiiiilh of l.oiiihiii, liiivi', lU Ihi'lr own ^f ikt Cost mill OhnrRi'i) iiiiih>rUl(i'ii un Kx|)«illtiot) for IIiiiUoirH lUy In tlio Nortii- woit I'ltrt of Aiuurioii, for thu Diacovory of u imw I'uMitKo into tlui Hniilh Hm, anil for (lio lliiiliii)^ ■ooio Trmlo for Fum, Minoruln, ninl other I'otmiilitniliio (join* nimlilliM, ami liy iiutii thuir rnl<' mih li DJKovuriu* n* do uncoiimK'' ilicni to |iro>rnto thotn, and gTMii unto tlioui, and their HncoutMor*. tho nolo Trado and Coinmorru of all Ihoao Hoiia, '^'roi){litM, ItayH, Uivom, I.iikiN, CnnikN, and Houndii, in whatMotvur Lnlitndn they ■iiali he, tlutt lio witiiin tlio ontninoo of tho HtroiKlitM ooininmily unliud IIitdMon'H HlrtiiuhlH, tiiKiitiiiir with all tlii' l.andii, IJountrii-M, and Turrl- toriiw, n]Min tho OniNti and Oonilni'H of thu Hcmi, StniKlitH, liay*, liikiM, Uivun, Crook* and HoiimlN, aforoHikid, which aro not now antniklly |ioiiih'iimi'i| hy any of oiir HniijcotM, or liy thu HnbjuctM of any otliur CliriMtian I'rinco or Htalu. Now KNOW YK, tiial Wo bviiiK duitiroua to |iroinotu all KndoavonrM tiinling to tho |iul>llck (loud of onr Pooplo, and to cncourRgu thu luid Undurtakin^, iiavk of Onr uapi'cial Onico, fortain KnowhidKc. and niont Motion, k'voii, Kranttd, rntU flrd, and oonllrmi'd, and liy IIidhi' I'rt^mMilH for V», Our Iluirs and HiKWHUorM, no Kive, ^rant, ratify and ronHrin, unto Onr Hiid CoiihIii I'rinco Uiiiicrt, lJhriHto|ihcr, Duku of Allionmrlu, William, Kiirl of Craven, Ilonry, Lord Arlington, Anthony, Lord Ashley, Hir John IlubiiiHoii, Sir lloliort Vyiiur, Hir Futur Collot THE Hudson's hay , I i Siicioly 118 is licroiiftor ( xitiiNMcd, ttliall l»c one ilcxiy Corporate and Politique, in Dotd niid iu Name, by the Nuino of The Govornor and Company of AdvouturorB of England, trcdin^' into HudBon'H Bay, and tluni by the Numo of tiio Govornor and Company of Advonturors of England, twiding into Hudson's Bay, ono Bo all others huroaftor to l)0 adniittod, or froo of the Haid Company, hIiuII take a corporal Oath Imforo tiio Governor of tho aaid Company, or IiIh Deputy for the Timo lieing, to such Effect as by tbo saiil (lovornor and Company, or the proator I'art of them, in any publick Court to bo hold for the said Company, Hhall bo in roasonablo and logal Manner sot down and devised, before tiioy shall bo allowed or admitted to trade or trailiok as a Freeman of tiio said Company. And FritTiiEn We wim, and jyrant by thotto ProsentH, for Us, Our Iloirs and Buccossors, tinto the said Qovnrnor anat tthull thou vcrnor or his ito, audi, and M to them, or iccosBary and all aovornora 8, and other Lands aforo- lont and Con- samo Laws, coute accord- them, as tho 80 often as I, Orders, and [ipoBO, ordain, ill OlTenderB, any of them, router Turt of Deputy being )b8ervation of inc Fines and time to time e of the Bald imont of Us, Our Heirs or Buccoasors, to Ordinances, pt under the Laws, Con- asonablo, and awB, Statutes ind abundant Grace, certain Knowlediro, and moro Motion, We have granteii, and by thoHO Prcii-ntd for I's, Our lioirH and HuocetBorB, do ^runt unto tho said Oovornorand Corap^my, and their HupcoBflors, that thoy.and theirSuccoBfloiM.andtlH'irFiictorB, BtrvantH and AgontH, for them, and mi their Behalf and not otliorwlHO, BJiall for over hereafter have, ubo and enjoy, iiot only tho wliole, entire, anerty or Privilege of Trade and Trafflck is not granted to any other of Our Hubjects. And Wr of Oui fnrtiier Royal Favour, and of Our more especial (Jriieo, certain Know- ledge, and mere Motion, iiavk granted, and by tliese PrcseulH for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, no grant to the said Governor and Company, and to their Suo- coBBors, that neither tho said Territories, Limits and Pla<'«B, hereby granted as aforesaid, nor any Part thereof, nor the Islands, Hiivens, Ports, Cities, Towns or Places, thereof, or therein cimtained, sliall bo visited, frequented or haunted, by any of tho Subjects of Us, Our Heirs or Successors, contrary to tho true Meaning of these Presents, and by Virtue of Our Prcirogativo Royal, which Wo will not have in that Behalf argued or brought into Question ; We stheioiit^v charge, command and prohibit, for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, all tho Subjects of Us, Our Heiro and Successors, of what Degree or Quality soever they be, that none of them directly or indirectly, do visit, haunt, frequent or trade, trafHc or adventure, by way of Merchandize, into, or from any the said Territories, Limits or Places, hereby granted, or any, or either of them, other than tho said (ilovernor and Company, and such particular Persons as now be, or hereafter shall be, of that Company, their Agents, Factors and Assigns, unless it be by tho Licence and Agreement of tho snid Governor and Company in Writing iirst had and obtained, under their Common Seal, to bo granted, upon Pain that every such Person or Persons that shall trade or trafflck into or from any of the Countries, Territories or Limits aforesaid, other than the said Governor and Company, and their Successors, shall incur our Indignation, and tlie Forfeiture, and the Loss of the Goods, Merchandizes, and other Things whatsoever, which so shall be brought into this Realm of England, or any tho Dominions of the same, contrary to our said Prohibition, or tho Purport or true Meaning of tlieso Presents, for which tho said Governor and Company shall find, take and seize, in other Places out of our Dominions, where the said Company, thoir Agents, Factors or Ministers, shall trade, trafflck or inhabit, by Virtue of these Our Letters Patent, as also the Ship and Ships, with the Furniture thereof, wherein such Goods, Merchandizes, and other Things, shall be brought and found, tlie one Half of all the said For- feitures to be to Us, Our Heirs and Successors, and tho otlier Half thereof We DO by these Presents clearly and wholly for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, give and gnnt unto the said Governor and Company, and thoir Succussorj). And fiibthi;k, all and every tho said Offenders, for their said Contempt, to suflTer such other Puuisliment as to Us, Our Heirs and Successors, for so high a Contempt, shall seem meet and convenient, and not to be in anywise delivered until they, and every of them, shall become bound unto the said Governor for tlio time being 5| '«i~MMaMiMifei mu 1 1 %'i i 170 THK urnsoN's hay In llio f*ura of Olio TlimiRntxl PonmlH nt tlio loiutt, nt no timn then nftcr tniraiU or ♦rafliok into any of tho miid I'Ihoch, Hciw, Hlr<>iKlitii, MuyM, I'ortn, HavnnH or Trrritoiioi, aforoiaiil, unitrnry to our fX|iri'HH ('oiniimndinont in timt lit'lialf lot down Hud |iu>illHhoi1. And rruTiiiCH, of Our nioro oipcaiul Oruoo, Wi uavk oondoicondcil and >?rnnl<'d, rind l»y tliCHO ProMontH for ITh, Our Iloim and Huoooii- ociiori, IH> p^mnt unto the suirl Oovcrnor niid Conipuny, and thoir HuoouiiorH, tImt We, Our IIoirH and HuccoHwrH, will not grunt hiUtrty, I-icoice, or Power, to any Pt-rHon or PorHotm whatnojivor, contrary to tlio Toiior of tlio»o Our Li'ttcrH Putont, to trade, trufllok or inliat)it, unto or u|Kin any tlio Ti^rritorios, LiiiiilH or PlaiiOH, afore Hiiooilled, contrary to tlio trno Moaning of tlioHo PruuontM, willioiit tho ('onHt'iit of tlio Haid ( lovoriior and (Jonipany, or tlio moHt part of thnin. And, or Our inoro abundant (Jriuso and Favour to tho said Oovornor ano herehy di-idaro Our Will and PlfiiHure to ho, That if it h\uA\ ■o hap|iuii, tliat any of the I'orsonH froe, or to ho freo of tho Haid Company of Adventurers of England trading Into IIudson'H Hay, who ithall, lioforo tho going forth of any Ship or Ships appointed for a Voyaoe, or othorwino, proiiiiao or agree hy Writing tinder his or their llandH, to adventure any Hum or Suiub of Money, towariiH tho furnishing any ProviHion. or Maintenance of any Voyago or Voyages, set fortii, or to ho Mot forth, or intended or meant lo bo eot forth, hy tho Raid (Jovernorand Company, or the more Part of them present at any publiek Assembly, cfimmonly eollod Their (leiieral ('onrt, shall not within tho Spaco of twenty Days next after Warning given to him or them, by tho saiil Oovernor or Company, or their known Offloer or Minister, bring in and deliver to the Trnasnrer or Treasurers apjiointed for tho (Jonipany, such Hums of Money as shall have been expressed and sot down in Writing, by tho said Person or Porsous, subBcribed with the Name of said Adventurer or Advontnrers, timt then, and at all Times after, it shall and may bo lawful to and for tho said Governor ond Company, or tho more Part of them present, whereof the said Qovornor or his Deputy to bo one, at any of their General Courts or (Jeneral Assemblies, to remove and disfranchise him or them, and every such Person and Persons at their Wills and Pleasures, and ho or they so removed and disfranchised, not to be permitted to trade into the Countries, Territories, and Limits aforesaid, or any Part tlioreof, nor to liavo any Adventure or Stock going or remaining with or amongst tlie said Company, without the special Licence of tho said Governor and (lompany, or the more Part of them present at any General Court, first hail and obtained in that Hehnlf, any Thing before in these Prosonts to the contrary thereof in anywiso notwithstanding. And Our Will anu Pleasure is, and hereby wc do also ordain, That it shall and may bo lawful, to and for tho said Governor and Company, or the greater Part of them, whereof tho Governor for tho Time being, or his Deputy to be one, to admit into, and to bo of tho said Company, all such Servants or Factors, of or for the said Company, and all such others, as to them, or tho most Part of them present, at any Court held for tho said Company, tho Governor or his Deputy being ono, shall bo thought fit and agreeable with tho Orders and Ordinances made and to bo made for the Govern- ment of tho said Company. Anu purtheu. Our Will and Pleasure is, and by these Presents, for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, We no grant unto the said Governor nud Company, and to their Successors, that it shall and may bo lawful in all Elections, and Bye-laws to bo made by tho General Court of tho Adven- turers of tho said Company, that every Person shall have a number of Votes according to his Stock, that in to say, for every hundred Pounds by him sub- scribed or brought into tlie present Stock, ono Vote, and that any of those that company's land TENUIIKS. 171 n after to trtwlo )rtii, IIuTonN or Imt lUhitir ««!t ruco, Wb iiavk im and Huooci- luir HucouBiori, i ICC, or IV/Wcr, of tlioKo Our lio TtirrilorloB, thoBo PrcsoiitM, moHt imrt of 1 Oovcriior mill 'liiit if it itluwll ^i(l Compnny of oforo tlio going iMO, proiiiiHo or luai or Bums of any Voyage or ot forti), by tlio at any pubiick in tho Hpaco of id Governor or deliver to tlio IB of Money uh rBon or ForBoad, lit then, and ut Governor ond lovcrnor or hit* AHscmblicB, to vnd PorBona at nchiBcd, not to ta aforesaid, or cinaiuing with Baid Governor [^ourt, first bad to tlie contrary SASl'RE IH, and nd for tho said Governor ff)r bo of tho said y, and all such rt held for tho bought fit and )r the Govern- luro is, and by nnto the said may bo lawful of the Adven- raber of VotcH i by him sub- r of those that hi re BubBorlbod Ionb than one liundro*! PouudM, may Join .ituir roipoutivo Sum* to make up one hundro for \Ja, Our Ileira and BuoceBMori), grant to and with tlio Bald Governor and Company of AdventurorH of England trading into Hudson's Day, that all LandM, Islands, Territories, Plantations, Forts, Furtlfloations, Faotorios, or Colonies, where the said Company's Faotorieti luid Trade are or shall bo, within any the Ports or I'laeos afore limited, shall be immediulcly and fn)m bonoefurth, under the Power and Command of tlie said (jtuvernor and Cum- |>any, their HuccosBors and Assigns; ha vino the Faith and Allegiance duo to be IMirformed to Us, Our Heirs and SuoocsHorH aforesaid ; and that tlio said Onvernor and Company shall have Liberty, full Power and Authority, to iip|Miint and establish Governors, and all other OfHct>rs to govern them, and tliat the Governor and his Council of tho several and respective Places where tho said Company shall have Plantations, Forts, Factories, Colonies, or Places of Trade witliiii any the Countrios, Lands or Territories hereby granted, miiy have Power to Judge all PerBons belonging to the said Governor and Company, or that shall live under them, in all Causes, whether Civil or Criminal, according to the Laws of thin Kingdom, and to execute Justice accordingly. And, In Caiio any Crime or Misdemeanor shall be committed in any of tho said Company's Plautallons. Forts, Factories, or PUoes of Trade within the Limits aforosuid, whore Judica- ture cannot bo executed for want of a Governor and Council there, then in huoIi Case it shall and may be lawful for the chief Factor of that Place and IiIh Council, to transmit the Party, together with tlio OfTenco, to such other Planta- tion, Factory, or Fort, where there shall bo a Governor and Council, where Justice may bo executed, or into this Kingdom of England, us shall be thought most convenient, there to receive such Punishment ns the Nature of his Oifetiee shall deserve. And uoueuveb, Our Will and Pleasure is, and by tlieso Proscnte, for Ub, Our Heirs and Successors, Wk do (iive and grant unto tho said Governor and Company, and their Successors, free Liberty and Licence, In Coso they conceive it necessary, to send cither Ships of War, Men or Ammunition, unto any tiieir Plantations, Forts, Factories, or Places of Trade aforesaid, for the Security and Defence of tho same, and to choose Commanders and OfUccrs ovor them, and to give them Power and Authority, by Commission under their Common Seal or otherwise, to continue or make Peace or War with any Prince or People what- soever, that are not Chribtians, in any Places where the said Company shall have any Pluntations, Forts or Factories, or adjacent thereunto, as shall bo moat for the Advantage and Benefit of tho said Governor and Company, and of their Trndo ; and also to right and reeumponae themBelves upon the Goods, Estates or People of those Parts, by whom the said Governor and Company shall sustain any Injury, Lobs, or Damage, or uixm any other People whatsoever that shall any Way, contrary to the Intent of these Presents, interrupt, wroi^ or injure them ir their said Trade, within tho said Places, Territories, and Limits, granted by this Charter. And that it shall and mny be lanful to and for the said Governor and Company, and their Suocessors, from time to time, and at all Times from henceforth, to erect and build such Castles, Fortifications, Forts, Garrisons, Colonies or Plantations, Towns or Villages, in ony Parts or Places within the Limits and Bounds granted before in these Presents, unto the t&id Governor and Company, as they in their Discretion shall think fit and reqnibite, and for the Supply of such as shall bo needful and convenient, to keep and be in the same, to send out of this Kingdom, to the said Castles, Fort?, Fortifications, ■■'■''■u\'r^^,.,iUM»>SiM^'Si»'^:SM^A,^imi>i^st.i.'iii^iti^ i ... rii I ': it it 1} 172 Tllli IIUDMOMH lUY GArrisoni, Colonic^ rMantntloiiR, Towtii ut VIlliigM, nil KiniU of Cloatlitng, Frnviiiun of Victtinli, Atniiitinition luul Ii>i|ilrnioiiti', ntiot-MAry for micli l'urpoM>, pftyiuK l>ii> Dutlu* and Cuituma for (ho iiiino, aa alio to trauiport and oarry ov«r ■urh Niinil)ur uf Men Mng willing llicrounto, or not proliiliilod, uit thuy itlialt think flt, nnd ulw) to irovKrn tboni in miflh UtKal and roattiiiiuhlu Maiumr im tlii> ■aid (M) aurh KinuM \i\t»n thoiu for Itri'aoh of thuir Ordora, aa in thoau I'mtunta aro formerly ex proiiat>d. And ri ktiier. Our Will und I'h'oauro Ih, and hy thftav Froaonta, for Ua, Our Heir* and Hucouaaon, Wb do ^ntnt unto tho aaid Oovcrnnr und Company, and to thtir Huccuaaora, full I'owcr and luwful Authority to aeizn u|k)u tho I'umona uf nil auoh Kngliali, or any other Our Huh- JootM, which ahull auil into llutliton'a Hay, or inhuldt in any of the Cuuntriua, laliinda or Torritorh<' dono untu Iho auid (ilovornor und Com- pany, or thoir Huccoaaora, by any Sorvunt by thom to bo employed In tho aaid Voyngua and Plantationa, it ahall nnd may bo luwful to ami for the auid Oovornor and Company, and thoir roapootive Preaideut, Chief Agent or Uuvernor In the Parts aforesaid, to oxamlno upon Oath all Fnctora, Masters, Pursers, SupurcargooB, Commandora of Cuatles, Forts, Fortilflc, uxi oarry over vm ihuy vIihII tloiiiuir iM tlio iiuuiit for Mia- ( >r(luri, M iu mill I'loiuuro IK) tpruut unto ur uud lawful tlior Our Hub- ho Cuuutriui, mipituy, witli- , or that nIiuII I that all uiul I by tb<) itaid foromiid, Hhall irn ooiumlttod Oovenior ami ill roquiro, an toiitonocd by the (JountrivH, Fonooby thiin ihall uiul niiiy jonts, to 8oizo i Engbind, to uuiBhiucnt UK for the Uitlor lor uiid i'oiu- d in tho Bnid for the Huid t or Uovernor ters, Puraers, lantationa nr or Thing, in id Oath, uud Inwa of thia ind singular, ilea, Bailiffa, ibjcots what- lovornor and era, Factora, ind enjoying n any of you 10, Proolama- rided, or any viae notwith- lo bo mode •, in the Two riGOTT. I APPENDIX B. Pago 7.— OnAKTor tub Dirtiiiot op AMMixinoiA nv thr ITri)M>N'M Day CoMTANV TO Lolll) HkI.KIUK. Thia Indonturo nuido the twollth day of Juno in tlio flfty-flrnt y of (lod, of the Unitrd Kingdom of (Irwit Urituiii and Froluiid, King Di'fciidiir of tho Fallh.and in tho yciir of Our Lord ono thouiiand ciKlit iiiuidrnd itnd (dtivon. Motwi'cn tlio Oovcnior and Couipaiiy of AdvriilnroiM of Kii-fliunl trndiu;j Into IIutlaon'M Hay of tho ono part and tho Higiit Honorable Thoniaa Karl of Holkirk of tho othor part. Whorcaa tlio aaid Oovirnor and C'oni|iany aro Hchod to tiicm and tlicir aurooHHorM in fco alniplo as abaoluto LonJH niid Propriftora of all tho Landn and Torritorif'M aituato uj>on tlio CouatM and Conflnoa of tlio Scan, Htnij^htu, Baya, LakoH, Itivira, Ci-cfkH and RoundH within tlio ontrancoof tho HtrciKhtHroinnmnly culled Hudaon'a Htioighta in tlio Nortii WcHt purtH of Anoricu and wliioli LundH and Torrltorioa aro rupulod ua ono of thn PlunlutionH or Colonic a liclongiiifj: or nnnoxcd to tho United Kingdom of Orcut Britain and Ireland and uro called Itnporta Lund. And whorcas tho naid Oovornor and Tonipany have for ilivera good and vuluablo oaUBoa and cnii>idoration8 them thorounto moving itt^rcod to conviy and oaauro a certain Tract or Parrel of tho aaid LundH und Tirritoricn herein- after dosoribod unto and to the uho of thi; aaid Kurl of Rolkirk, hia hcira und aaaigna uudur and aubject to certain conditiona licreiuuftor expre«aod and contained. Now therefore thia Indenture witncaaotii that in purauanco of audi agreement and in consideration of tho sum of ton ahlllinga of lawful money of Greut Britain to the aaid Oovornor and Conipnny well und truly paid by the auid Kurl of Helkirk ut or boforo tho exeeution of theao preaenta (the receipt whereof la hereby acknowledged) and for divera good and other vuluublo eauaca and con- aidorationa them tho Huid Governor and Compnny have given, grunted, aliened, enfeoffed and confirmed und by Ihcao preacntH, do give, grunt, nlien, enfeoff and confirm unto tho auid Kurl of Helkirk, hia lieirH und uaaigna, ull tliut Trnct of Lund or Territory being within and forming part of the uforeanid Lunda and Torrltorioa of tho auid Governor and Company bounded by an imaginary lino nuining aa follows (that ia to any) beginning on the woBtern ahoro of Luko Winnipio, otherwise Winnipeg, at a point in flfty-lwo degrees and thirty minutea north latitude and thence running due west to the Lake Winiiejiigooa, otherwiae oallcd Little Winnipeg, then in a southerly direction tlirout,'li tho auid Lake ao aa to atriko its western shore in latitude fifty-two degicos, then duo woat to tho place where tho parallel of fifty-two degrees nortli latitude intersocts the western i 17* m BVIMMtN'H HAY /. I hmMh uf KmI Rlv«r, olliorwlM I'ltlltNl AMliitlMiInn Ittvar, llioii •litti mniiU ttt>m thnt pulut of iiitnrM't'tiitii ti> Ihii llnlKlit of I. •ml wlilfh Mt|iMr»l(«« tlii< WRiora riiiiiiliiK Into IIimIwiii'* Iky fniiii iIunmi of tln' MiMoiirl mtil MImImI|i|)I, (liPtt In itn frly illroollon nUtug (hit imiiI llnlKlii ■>!' I. Mini to tliit •iMiri'ii <>f Iho ItlvKr Wliinl|)l«< iir Wliiiil|iy lui'li Uat iiiiiiikI Uivir, tha l'rli) Imd la niorit |)urti(Mihii ly ihiMrlhtuI iinil )IUtlnKUlihtta, oiiMtoma, proflta, c'oinnio to Ii4>, or nny pnrt or pared thereof helun^lng or In unywiao nppertniiiin)( to or witli the Miiino hold uai'd poaaeaiivd or enjoyed or ueoepted, ro|iuto«l, ndjud({ed, eateeuu'd, doeiiied, tnkeii or known ua part parcel or iiteudwr thereof, or of nny pnrt thereof or n* nppnrtvnunt thereunto nnd tho roTeraion and ruvoraloiia, roiuainihr nnd reinaindura y riy mid nthor proflta of thu aidd Innd, heruditn- uiunta nnd premiiiea hendiy ^Tuuted and enfenfTml or otiierwiau uaanred or expreaaod nnd intended au to be, or nny pnrt or parcel tlioruof nnd all the entatu, right, title, inleniat, iino, truat, Inheritnnce, property, poaaeakion, bonvtlt, clniin, nnd duuinnd whntaix'ver nt Inw nnd in ei|tiity or olhurwiao howaoovur of theui tho auid (iovernor nnd Con)|iuiiy of iu to or out of thu land, heroditumunta, and proiniaea hereby ^rnnted nnd oufeofTed or othurwiao aaaurod or expreaaod and intended no to bu and uvi ry part and parcel of tl'.u aamu. Having and roaorviuK ncvertheleaa to the anid Oovuinor nnd Company and thoir aucceaaora nil rigbtH of juriadiction whntiwKtvor (^rnnted to anid (Jompnny liy tlioir Clmrter. To have and to hold Iho Inud and henditnninnta and all uud aingiilar othur the premiaoH huruby gruntod nnd untootTed or ollierv.iau nHaurud or 'ixproaaed and iutondcd ao to b<', nnd every pnrt and parcel of tho aumo unto thu aaid Elurl of Helkirk, Ida huira nnd aaalKua for ever. Aa to for und coucc ruing auoh an extent or quantity or ituoh aeparnte exteuta or quautitiuH of tho Tract or Territory of Land hereby granted and unfeofTed ahall in the whole amount bo cqiinl to one tenth pnrt of tho anid Triict or Terri- tory and wliich one tenth ahall be Met out by the anid Enil of Selkirk, hia hcira or naaigna before or within the npncc of throe youra niter the aoid OoTeruor and li^: I. I c»ii?ai«y'm land TnrVRRN. 175 H MtiiUi from • till* wKlari l|ipl, Ui«n III of thtt ltlvr m>tut wrlUiiu iiiiil< r Ili4> liiiml nf ih, fluTDriHir of tiiii aaiil (iiiii|i«ny for (lir lliiii> \„<\uit ri<|iilr<> llic aitil Hurl nt Mfflkirk, Ilia liiira or aa«l|rii« to tmiki «iti-li illviilon or ii'IIIiik out to tliK lun »l attoh pvraon or |Mirwiiia UIhk or ImvniK iHinti in tlio attrvioo or miiploy of Ilia anld (iovnrnor anil (oiiipiiiiy fur m trrtu iiol Iim than Ihrno para IniiiiiMllufi'ly pn* ihhIIiiK lliti lUti) ami itxi>ciitlon of any illrnolion or iip|Mitiitni<'nl (<> h<> ihm )• liy tlid anlil (lovnnior ami (-oiiipany ami tin Ir «mM>it for aimli il aonta, nor any |H oatatx or liitcri'at whioli aliitll bo crcntid iinilt r or by virtuo of any dinx'tion or apiMilntiiiDiit to Im niado hy tlii' xatd Uovnrnor and Oom|Hiny and thoir aiicocaaora in piirauaiK'it of tho aforoauiil |K)W< Im void if tliti |K>raoii or iMiraoim or liia, lior or tbeir Malgna ahall not Im* or In (■onio a anttlir or mttlura U|H)n thu land bortby dlroct( innio. And to tho intont that tlioao prnaimta may \m >-('tidori'd a coitiploto ami uflWtual a>4auran('<>. Tho aaid dovurnor and (!otnpuny havo inadt, ordainod, fonalituloil and iippointcd uml by thia proaonl Ihod or InHtninunt under tliuir ooiiinion aoal — l>o makv, orduin, conatitutu and iip|K>iiit William Aiild, Thonma TIioihun, William Hinolnir, William llilliur, Jumoa Hwaiu, Donahl Hiilhurluml, Hugh Honey, John Htitt, John MoKuy, and Airliihuld Maaoii, all acrvantaof tho aaid (lovornor and Company jointly and cncli and every of llirni aoparufely tlieir truo and lawful attornica and attorney, for tliom tho aaid (lovernot and (lompjiny and in (hoir namo, placo and atoad to eiitor into and upon tho land, herodilurauniN and prumiat^a liuruby granted and unfoolTed or othorwiao uaaurod or expruaaoil and intended ao to bo, or into or u|K)n any part or parcel of tho aame in tho name of tho whole, wholly, and (|uiet and itoacoablo poaacsaion ami aoizin of tho aa^tl land, horoditamonta and premiaoa and of every or any part thoroof, in tho name of the whole, for and in the name of tbo aaid (Jovoruor and Company, to have and take and after such entry inude and iH)88('Baion and aeiztdn ao hail and taken aa aforoaaid to deliver iiuiot and peaceable iiOHaeaalon and aoizein thereof and ol" every fiart thereof unto Miloa MoDoniiell, Eaiiuiro, Kelly Clerk, Abel Fklwarda, Burgeon, Kenneth MacRue and William Tomiaon. Gentlemen, whom tho aaid Burl of Holkirk hath made, ordained, conatituted and iip{)ointcd, and by theie Ltk t 176 N TIIR llirrMOM'N IIAY •inlH. tHMMiiiuiti »»i i*|>|iittiii JotaUjr «mI ttfwMi M* ilWMd hiwf>i! ittimdM ftnil Mltitriioy fur ami tn hia naniA ptoMMil ■4«m1 I<> nM«tf« IIm MMnt>, l<> Ui liwl iukI Ik M ••'• >>rf Halkirk dn twnliy IfKly FAtlfy, I'Diiilrm kimI «lla« lo Im Mtlllrlrnlljr •v«IUIiIu »II mul wb«U>H over lhintiiila<'M l>y virliio of lilt Ml |iri M'tiU. ^^>v|lll*ll nlwnya, mul II la luirvliy aKr«<«H| miil i|r«Mia I'oif illlloii. 'I'ltKl If tliti aiilil TltoiiiiM Kurl of H«lkirk, hi* liulra or itMlKD* aliAll iioi willilti tlio *\HUH' of ii'ti )inrii to !»> iif)tn|)iitiiil fruiit tlii' ilitti< of thuaii |iriNHiiila NlUii or lalnliluli ii|N>ii (ha IriM't of ^rniinil In r< liy I'liiraaoil to Imi KmiiUHl Otm UMNUHUmI fuiiiilltia, KAi'li i»f Ihiiiii I'otialaiiiiK of ono iiiurrliHl ui)U|ilu »i tlio loMt, Moordinff (•> llio Iruu inlciil ninl niiMiittiiK of tli»a« |>riavt'rtior mihI ('oiii|iniiy almll l>y iiolli'n In wrItiiiK to In^ Kivnn to th« Mill TlioiniM KnrI of Holkirk, lua Imira or naalgna or lull nt lila or tli'lr dwi'lliiiK or uaiml |iliioii of uInhIu ro<(uiru him or lliitiii (n eaUhllali rihI aoUlo •uoli H iiumlwr of faiuillM uii Iho itniiulatm m will tuakti t.p oiio tlioiuniul fitmiliiMi nn tho wimo. Ami (h>< Mill TliiiniM KnrI of Holklrk, lila Imira or itaaitfTu alinll iliiriii|( tlio a)i«oo of thnii ymkm iikxI nfUir aiioli notlci' almll Im< ifi^eu or luft mm nfornMld MgliMii to aitttii' or iitukii ii|i the aaid nuiiilM>r of fitniiiioa — tluiti mid In tlinl niuM It almll Imi IiiwI'iiI for llm aiiid (iovirnor iiiid ('oiii|mny by Diicd iiiid«r tlmir ooiuinoii will to roviiku tint K'l'Kt li<'rii|iibiifi>ro i.ix|iru«ai'd itiid contulnrd, mid to I'litor ii|M>n th« iirt'tniaoa Imroby i(r»iitud of tila or tlidr foriiuir v>at(tt4i — but •iibji'i't mill wlllioiil |irit, or aut alHUit, or utt4< ' to uid, uaaiat or nliot or Nii|i|dy willi M|ilrituoua lt<|UuiM— triidinx ^oo^l* — f ruvlaloiia or othor nuouaattrlca uny |M>rHon or |itiraoiia wlioiiiaoi vcr corimntto or inroriKinito, or uny I'rinco, Power, I'otoiilati, or Htiit and exempt aiioh ri^li oowora, privilegea, immunitloa and franchiaoa aa are inoidont to tbo land heroilitar^onta and prumiaoa horuby K^i^ntud and onfuofTud or otborwiao iiMiirud nr oxpre^ khI nnd intundod ao to bo, or any part or parcel of tbu aamo and wbicb are boroI>y intended to paia by uud with tbo tamo without tbo liuonie M<|Htr«liil]r III* ) K*i| alMul III I'tMt foriu mmI ilrk ilii Imrrliy I Mild wlmtaiH \^mm Uy vlrtim KUtI ilodUriil I «i|tn*M (< lita [rikiiiol Olio M( khu l«m«t, K U) Imi Rivnit t hU iir tiK'lr •li ftinl wltlo llillll fMlllllitMl I M luir, wiiyi iir lato, or nul, iii|i|ily Willi ly iMTMiin or 'a u( htn, |i<)wurs, itiiuK to or MuocoMors w lliey nru iiit«nr Hill late lotid day of liiid i>xi!0|)t lout to tho othurwiso r tho lamo tliu li(;on8o 177 OOMI'ANY'h land mfUMKM. Ill In wrUtiiff nt Ihn f (ovornor of ||tA Mtd foMfNiiiy knd Ihsir HwttMMmo U'lnir frir thnl |Mir|Hw<< flr*t Imd «nd nt>Ulni •''•naniii m nriirpanlil i-nrry mi or • at'ililiali or «tl«mpt to (larry on or • «ulillali In nny |Niala of North Ariiorl< i mi r tr«M|Hia« ii|ion nny pnrt of Ihn land or Innrltorli** IwlonRlnK to tliti a«id Uov. >uor and <'oni|>Any and thnir ■iin^i'aanra In oral ltH|Nirta Land nfomaitid, not him<. N«vurtliulim<, or Im nllKK»d itnd nu'n'Kd hy and Iwtwirn Ihd [mrtira hiaauni at any tliunor tliiipa DXi'opt In riat« or phtoui, and in llku luanni^r to uws occupy ami oi^ny all and uvory po«t« ami platcH in ovor or u|niu uii and ovory or any of llio riNkda, wayM, rivom and caiiaU which now do or whlcli alkAll or may from titno to tinio h ul to or from tlio anid |K)!it« or ploooa doing oa llttio daina^o aa may Ihi to tho otliur part of Ihn laud huroliy grantod and onfmiToil and allowing ruMonablo oomponMtion for tho damago whioh ahull bo an done. I'rovidud ftlao, and it ia humhy further duolarod and agrond botwoon and by tho purtioa to tliuao prcaonta that tho aovoral cnmlitiona huroin boforc contaiiiod ■hall not bo conatruG aamo oonditlona may lio diaponaeil with, in |iart either pro-tomporo or othorwiao and yet oontinuo in force and boing as to ovory othor part branch or mombor thoroof, not within tho oxpmaa letter of auoh diaponsation any rule of law to tlio contrary in any wiao notwitliHtanding. And it ia alao declared and agreed bjtwoon and by tho partioa to iLoao r 178 THE HUDSON 8 BAY -".I 1. , \ *i proBfinU, luul tlio suid Oovornor hikI Company for tliomtwivoi ami tliolr Huoociior* horoby graui, tlmt in cow tho Bnid Earl of Hulkirk, \\\.^ heirs or aHHignd Hball aliun or othorwiao diriposo of tho land, horcditaniouU aud premiaoB horohy granted and onftoffod, or otliorwigo assurod or oxprossed aud intonde^ >-, COMPANY S LAND TENrilES. 170 holr «u«M]citor« r aMHignu shall liorol)y granted il BO to bo, in H oonoerna auy d taken to bo said diviaiona >r, ownora and roela ah all not or breach of or proprietor, t paroela, but of condition h tlio aevoral tereat of auoh the eatate or ;weon and by ' forfeiture or Company and mo by entry, forfeiture or ted or be for ing intended lovcrnor and edge or from ipensatlon or reeu and by ) hereby for of Selkirk, whomsoever Einyof them, any produce rs and other Bay, and to re deposited le appointed [1 land and sommodities red for the within tlio )r expressed ) dispose of wares, mer- on in ships i Oompany that behalf And uIhu that the said Governor and Couipuiiy and tlioir HUccoiMora Hliall uud niiiy claim and shall bo paid and allowed by the owner or proprietor, ownera or proprietors of the said protluco, goods, wares, merchandizes and comuimlitica. all ohargca aa and for and in the nature of quayage, whurfago, warehouso room and oomniisaion for aalo which shall be or conatituto the fwerage or ordinary price or pricoa in similar cases. Together with such charge for freightage as ahall at the time or respective limes bo paid or payable for vessels navigating between tlio Ports of London and Quebec, or at or for such rates of freight as vessels can or may bo chartered between London and Hudson's Day. And the snid Governor and Company shall and may also charge and shall bo paid and allowed for the license hereby given and granted to and for the pur- poses hereinafter mentioned, us and in the nature of a custom or du*y any sura not exceeding five pounds, for and H|)on every one hundred pounds in value, or amount of the produce, goods, wares, merchandizes and commodities, which shall or may bo convoyed to or IVom Tort Nelson aforesaid, and so in proiwrtiou for a less (juantity in value or amount than one hundred pounds unless the same kind of pro''.ita»nentB and premiaca hereby en- feoffed or otherwiee assured or expresaea and intended so to be, or any part or parcel of the aume shall and will frora time to time and at all tiniea hereafter upon ovcry rcaBonablo requcat, and at the costa and chargea in all things of the said Earl of Selkirk, his heirs and aasigna muko, do, acknowledge, auffer, execute, and perfect, or oauae, or procure to be made, done, acknowledge, suffered, executed or perfected all such further and other lawful and reasonable acta, doedB, devices, conveyances, anno- ;a OF 1814 t— arlainl. •or nt C. P., company's land tknurks. 185 Difd 24th Hoptemlwr nt 0. F. R. Aluxaiidur, liii ton, agod U. i). Januet, hit daughtor, agod 14. lU. Angua McKity, aged 2i, nrom Kildnnan. 11. Joan, liiM wife, 12. Alox. Utinn, agud TiO, from Kildonmi. 1!». Chriitinc, hii wlfo, agtxi 50. Diiul 20lh Hoptombor, 0. F. 14. Williiiiii, hiH nn, agod 18. \t). Donald liuniK^nuun, afi^od SO. 10. ChriNtina, hia wifo, agoil 44. 17. William, hi* mn, agod 18. 18. Donald, hia son, agod 8. 10. Christina, hia daughtor, agod 1(1. 20. Ooo. McDonald, agod 48. Dio. HI. (Jhristinit, hia aistor, ngod 24. H2. Donald Gimn, agod (>,'>, froK*. Uorobni. 88. Jannot, his wifo, aged 50. 84. (Transforrod to tho Eddy-lone, for II. B. Co. serTico.) 35. Goo. Gunu, son to Donald, n^od Hi, from Borobal, Pnrisli Kildonan. 30. Eathor, hia daughtor, agwl 24. 37. Cathorino, hia daughter, agod 20. Died 29th August, 1813, C. F. 38. Christian, hia daughtor, ngod 10. 30. Angua Gunn, ngml 21. 40. Jannot, his wife. 41. Robert Sutherland, brother to William, No. 20, aged 17, from Uorolal. 42. Elizabeth Fraser, aunt to No. 30, aged 80. 43. Angus Butherland, aged 20, from Auchraich. 44. Elizabeth, his mother, aged GO. 45. Betay, his sister, aged 18. Died of consumption. 40. Donald Stewart, from Parish of Appin. Died 20tii August, 1813, nt C. 47. Catherine, his wife, ngod 30. 48. Margaret, his daughter, aged 8. 49. Mary, his daughter, aged 5. 50. Ann, ' 'b daughter, aged 2. 51. John Hmith, from Parish Kildonan. 52. Mary, his wife. 53. John, his son. 54. Jean, hia daughter. 55. Mary, hia daughter. 50. Alex. Gunu, aged 58, from Parish of Kildonan, Sutherland. 57. Elizabeth McKay, his niece. 58. Betsy McKay, his niece. ! ' I tl F. I If fii 180 THE HUDSON'S HAY 90, Ooo. Biuinorman, Agotl 22, from Ktlilonan. «I0. John Ilruoc, aged W, fntin ParUli nfCIyn*. 01. Alei. Suthorlanil, aged 24, from I'uriiiU of Klliloiinn. (12. Wm. Buthurliuul. Iiis lirotlier, »nin\ I'.l Dlml. 03. Kato Hutliorhuxl, hi* «iaUot(>r M()Lu«m1. . ImIwIU MflKinnon. • MrKlnnon. C»(ll. McDiiuell. KlIiUi. MolUj. Yocwn Men not MARiUKn. AtiKua Hutherland. Thuiiiita Huthurluiiii. Aim. Matholwm. Jnlin Mol'i.tirwn. Uolwrt (liinn. Otiorge Huthorlitnd. > .t. f i*r^* N.B. — Tito young poopio oa|mble of labour nro Kflnorally omployetl Ix^tween York nnr the preMtnt. Homo of thu ■ottlurt, having goiio to Montraal, luru not iuoludot! in tliiii llHt. (Hd.) D. McLiAN, Aguut fur tite N.-W. Co. M J f M I i ifl ii'ii liuy Haiian, Liindon, Muroli 2A, I81H. If jr Lord, Tho oncloaod potitinn nddiOHtHl to IIIm Rnynl HlKhriKMi the Prince Tlcf^oiit by tlio iidml>itaiiU of ttui iinttliiiiuuit rurincd uii tho Uod itivnr in tho torritorii'i of tho Ilmliioii'* Huy Coni|>iuiy hun \h>mi rraontly nimtivod by the Oovornor and Counnilltoc, and I hare now tho honour to tmniiniit tho laino to your I.ordiihl|M lor tho piirpoHo uf hchiK lidd iNtforo Ilia Iloynl IliKhncNa. I iilio tukii tliii oiUKirtuiilty ot viwhrning tho copy of n httiT which wn« aont to tlio Clovomor and IVminilttc o by Mr. Bird, wlio tnny'i affain In Iludaon't Day uftor tho doath of Mr. Homplo. Wo imdorHtaiid tho orlginul hud l)oon addroMcd to your Lordiiliiiw.und Hoiit by the (Jonipuny'ii RJiip, t'rino* <>/ Wah$, whioh was d«taint'd by loo during tho winter IKI(I-1H17; but M it ia pohrfiblu that it may not iiavo reached your LordHliipa, I am inducod to tmnaudt a copy of tho dupliento aa aont to ua by Mr. Bird. I hovo tho lionour to bo, With tlio groatcat reH{M30t, To tho Right Ilonourablo My Lord, Earl Ufttliurat, 4c., Ac, 4c. Your Lordnhlp'a moat lunnblo servant, (8d.) J. P. Pellv, D.-Or. To HU Boyal HigbncBt Ooorgo Prince of Walea, Rogent of tho United Kingdom of (Jreat Britain and Ireland, Ac , 4o. We, Hia Majeaty'a moat loyal and dutiful aubjcota, nutivoa of Scotland, now aettleri at Red River, in the torritoriea of HudHon'a Bay Company, bog l«'uvo humbly to apprr>aoh the Tbn .>e to lay at tho fcut of your Royal Highiitaa a brief account of the wrongs wo Litvo auataiued, and to bcacooh a aharo of your paternal protection. Being obliged to leave the landa of our fathers in Bcotland, wo embraced the proposal of settling under the patronage of tho Earl of Holkirk and tho Hudson's Bay Company iu a British Territory, rather than follow tho steps of a number of our oouutrympn who were emigrating to tho United States. On our arrival here we received allotments of lands, and aoon found that io point of beauty, fertility of soil, salubrity of climate, and facility uf cultivatiou, i ino fll IVMON'K HAY I 5 I I tliu •ouiilry fdr simwImI miy ilMrriptlnn «n IimI tivor linttrl •>( il. Wn utvl fHandly •iiti* rr<<<<|illi)ti from tht* imltvn liitliann W« oulllv»l«tl Mtnto Kriximl, which ylihlml rrtiiriw •huinUnt Iwynnil til w* ba4«T«r ktwiwn: «nK«n !•> ohorlth lliw ho|M' thul wn hml fouixl In Ilia MitJMty'a Ikimlnlnti* n huppy Myltini for oura<« hikI our xhllilnMi nftKr tm, hiit lo our mUforluno, m fnw IikIIvIiIhiiIh, who t »|i|«ll«lUm of Ihu North-Wot ('oui|>«iiy, <'.iii«i.|< riM m lur«)iH|>tiMli|i< wKh (hitir vlimrn of Inlnmt, miuI iliiter* niliHxl to ulTm't thn rnlii of thia Colony whiln In Ita liifKn<ur|i't nuiotnl, tho mktlvm linvInK «avH<a|N>rity wouM Ixt of iiKrniKtn nt i«>Ui»iitnt((i to tl><a. Not hchiK •iblii to ni'i'oniiill^h their olijrat Ihia wny, thn North-Wcat ('«ny nmt att«ni|itrlvo lu of tho nu'nna f |Moiu lind pri'viotiNly Ih-oh our frtcnda, i)ut who W(noe, tho North- Weat C'fltniiuiiy, liy u train of duoiac uf thoao attuoka wuh to arrent thu Oovuruor, u|)on a warrant iitauttd ugaiuMt him liy n partner of the Nortli-Weat Company; iind wo wore oaaured that on hia aur* render all hoklilitiua would oeaao. Unublo to ropul the auperiur forco of our uMHuiluiilH, the (lovernor ut lonxth kbvo hiniaelf up, in hopoa that by thia auori* flee our peaeo might bo aeourod. Hut when the North-Weat Company had thua dopriveil ua of our chief mugiatrate, ua wtdl aa of all mouna of aolf-defenco, they rouuwt d tliuir attacka upou our place of refuge, threatening ua with a gcnonil muaaaore if wo did uot immediately quit tho country. Comptlled to abandon the furma we had cultivated, we wero ind<'bted for tho preaervation of our Uvea to the uuaoliciied inferiKwition of tho Indiai'a. A bund of the Haulteuux nation, under their chief Ke >rk ua t but In iwri-nlvn that i. Not ImiIiik i)lt •tteni|it«r wliiiiii hit tlirtinta, iia 111! till) liiatrtt* liitrn tliiit tho nialitiii'iit, iir, iiirrctiiiiUy to li>y oil Ilia atir* forcd of our y tiiia aucri- ny lioil tliua l('rul>l>yt«xnly Wp N w I hy thn North-Wual Ooni|Mtiy. In Hut ■|irlitK •>! Iha ymur IMM Ihaj oullooltMl a allll gni«t<if niiMillluK ua fniiii Iha oounlry. In tln' iiioiilh nf Mity I* nunibar of lioAla coiirttying |irovlai>iiia for our uau worn tiilitriii'|ilml and lillioKeil by command of AhtiantUtr Mi'Dontdl, ono of thn |Mkrtii«ra, who o|H)uly iliMUrml thai tho North* Wnat (!oni|>auy would not aufliir adolony toittUtal ltI(mnI Tho Indiana In tho vicinity, ha ring hourtl of tho n|i|iMM(thlng tUngnr, ranu) and oirtircil to light for u«, hut our Oovitnior, Itolmrt Hempin, dtellni'd thoir lerviiiea, iMiing unwilling that undnr any oimuiuataii<<«a tint arnta of anvn (ita ahoulil ho ri»ia«d ngainat hia fidlow-aiilijitcta. On tint tilnt'tnnnlh of •lunn k'miuI aovimty a«rvniita <>f thn North-Woal (Company on lior«o. Anxioiia ti» tnabUi ua to r«'tr«ra of tlixir aiitiig i i > n plundered thu year Itoforo, advancing to aaaiat tho attompt iigalnstt tue ' >lony, in caae tho force ulroady Hcnt aguinat It liatl proved luauftlolont. Thoy i!<>m|)olled ua to wait aoveral daya, until thoy had aearcliud our bag/ago in quoat of {mpora, breaking oj)eu and rilling tho truiika, oven of our laraocicd Oovornor. Thoy iinpriaoncil aeveral of our numlter, aomo of whom thev tore from tlinr holph>B8 familioM, with- out as much oa alleging any offence ngainat them. At '.englli, projxiaiug that we should take oatha never to return to Rod River, thoy thua alloweil us to pro- ceed on our voyage, but alinoat doatitute of provuionn More than twelve partners of tho North- Woat Compuny, who came on this oeoaslon to tho seono of these atrocities, expressed their approbation, and bostowoti presents ou those who had been engaged lu thoiu. Tliey appropriated tho Colonial stire to tiioir own u»o, caused tho breeding cuttle and Merino sheep, i ii 1U2 THE UUDSOKS lUY which hud boon broii(;ht from England with great ciuro and oxpeuBO, to bo killwl and ■orvod up at thoir table, turned their honoi, as well at thof^ which llioy hod takon from uh, to graze in our jornfleldi, and burned a ichoouer which had boon built for tho uw of tbo aottloniont. Tiioy went in company witli the mon who had aohievod the doeda of blood to yisit tho ground where our frionda and relatives had boon slaughtered, and where sumo of thoir >)odio8 were yot lying half-devoured by dogs. Even this, which had drawn tear from tlioso we call savages, excited no compassion in tho partnorH of tlio North- \i est Company, but was viewed by them with exultation aud oven with laughtor. Guided by tlie hand of Providence, we once more reached our retreat at tho uurth end of Lako Winiiipio, where our only hope of subsistence through a tedious and severe winter rested on the daily supply of llith we might obtain ttv.n our netj. To the astonishment of every person of expt "^noe in the country, though wo had no previous skill in tho tusiness of flshuig, famine was not added to tl.e list of our calamities. Our support was indoeil precarious, and our days of mourning were passed in painful anxiety as to wliat course we should pursue, till, on the approach of spring, we hoard that the Earl of Selkirk was on hiii way buck to Red River, and we dotoruined to direct our stops once more to tho ruins of our former habitations. Those of us who arrived tlrst had to collect and coL,..jn to a grave the bones of our relatives and friends to which our fellow-subjects had denied the charity of earth. We are n'>w again liibouring to re-establish our dwellings and to till our (leldH, and if wo muy bo permitted to cultivate them in peace, wo entertain no doubt of finding here a happy abode for ourselves and our descendants. In a country possessed of so many advantages our numbers would soon multiply, and wo might cherish the hope of beoo ting, in the hands of Divine providence, the liumblc instruments of introducing the benefits of civilization, with tho light of our holy religion, into regions where they have been hitherto unluiown. But unless tho protection of His Majesty's Qovemment bo extended to us, we may bo again exposed to .he machinations of the same men whose hands are so deeply imbued in the blood of their fellow-subjeots, and under the iron dominion of a lawless association, oppressive alike to tho native Indians and to all other inhakitants, this fine ooantry may be doomed to lie waste, a Bceno of crimes disgraceful to the British name. Under these oircurastanoes, we most humbly solicit that the oifeotual protec- tiou of His Majeety's Troops may no longer be withheld from this part of His Dominions, and that somo establishment may bo speedily formed in it for tho admiuistration of civil and criminal justice. And your Petitioners as in duty uound will ever pray. lit Donald Livingston. George McBeath. Angus Matheson. Alex. Sutherland. George Ross. Alex. Murray. James Murray. John Farquharson. John McLean- Alex. McLean. George Adams. Martin Jordan. Robert MaoKay. William MaoKay. Alex. Matheson. John MoBeatb. John Sutherland. Alex. MoBeath. "fff ' urmM VJ> UBo, to bo killiHl oi^ whioh Uiuy ouer which had doodi of blowl aughtorod, aud ^. Even this, aposaion in tho vith exultation ' retreat at tho Doe through a ) might obtain in the country, bmino waa not prions, and our iirse wo should )f Selkirk was iops once mora rave the bones ad the charity ad to till onr entertain no ants. B would soon ids of Divine f oivilization, b«en hitherto t bo extended 9 men whose Old under tho Ektive Indians ) lie waste, a totual protec- B part of His in it for tho company's land TENUUES. 108 John Daunoriuuu. Georgo MaoKay. Alexander Polsou. Hugh Poison. Robert MoDeath. JnmoB Sutherland. James Sutherland. William Bannunnan. Dounld MtioKay. John Flett. Jolin Bruoo. Robert MaoKuy. W!litim Uannorman, jun. Roderick MuoKay. ChriHtiu Uunu (widow). Alox. McKiiy. William Suthurliind. Alox. Sutherland, sou. Kbunczor Hutiierluud. Douuld Baunormun. Hug!. McLean. Georgo Bnniiormau. Donald Sutiiorlaud. Both Boathon. John Matheaon. Georgo Sutherland. Margaret McLuan (widow). 7- ay. 1. *t^' if 104 THE Hudson's bay 1 ( APPENDIX G. Piigo 29.— List of Swisa Skttlbus who arrived at Red River in 1821. (Tahen/rom TranaacUon No.SS of the Ilutorieal and Scientijio Society of Manitoba.) ^Translation,'] THE SWISS C'ONPEDEUATION, Under the (Hrcction of tho ceutml police of the town aud ropublio of Dome, invites all tho authorities oliiirgod with tho maintenance of order for the good of the public, to givo liberty of passage to tho persons named in tlie following piiges, all residents of Switzerland, to depart for the Rod river, iu Northern America, passing via Rotterdam, where they will embark under tho direction of Captain Rtidulphe May of that city, with a recommendation to give thorn aid and assistance in case of need, which favour will be reciprocated This sheet has been delivered for the term of this voyage. Made at Berne tho 8rd May, 1821. The Director, in his absence, M. 8TEI0ER, Adjutant ; Tho Chiof Secretary, M. ROSEHI. [Then follow the seals and signatures of public offloials— " Ministre do Raviere," "Legation dos Pays Bas lo Maintcondra," "Canton Basel," "Stodt Coblenz."] Alphonsc Humbert Droz, number of family Abram Ferret „ „ \%\ Jean Pierre Grdutlet Frederic Louis Stram Veuve Susanne Aberli Sigismond Flotron Chretien ilychener Abram Louis Marchand Joseph Mundwylcr Benoit Schaub David Houriet Veuve Lydie Fournier Veuve Philipine Droz Chretien Rothenbuhlor Philippe Schirmer Samuel Soheidegger 4 6 7 7 7 8 ■k 7 1 1 2 5 •6 2 1 7 -ISI company's land tenures. 105 4 (j 7 7 7 « 7 1 1 2 5 a 2 1 7 Jean Louia OinaiiU, n umber of family ... 1 Uodolpho WyH8 >» i> • *■ ... * Jcttll JuqUOB Uiiuou i» »» ••• • *. o Glirol'en \eberflold H » • *• ... » Louis Jaques Ostertag 11 >> •t< .•• » Pierre Rindiabaciior II l» t«« 7 Louia Eugol ile Douaiinu •I II • »* ... * Jonas Pierre Guinand II 11 •t* 1 Tlioodore Duboir II II • It •.. ^ Joan Daniel Tiasot (1 " ••t 1 Pliilippe Soliirmer 11 11 • tf Jean Nicolas Longohanip II 11 • •• 1 Boi^jamin Ligior II 11 • •• 8 Aaron Diibacb »» »• • t* 5 David Hooruor tl >• *•• 7 Victor Robert »» " • •• 1 Frederic Dianiuii • » II ... Alfred Quincbo 11 11 ... 1 Frederic Cucbc II » • •• 1 Julion Sunier II n • •• 1 Margorite Qriiinii ii »i ... Jean Duwniuu i» 11 • •• 1 Frederic Henri Diaiou 11 11 !•• 1 Joan Hcbor 11 i» • «* 4 Salome Kneohtly « »i • »• 2 Gaterine Bunzly II 11 • *f 1 David doB Gombcs 11 1) • •• 5 David Monier II >i !•• ... 11 Louis Ghatelain »i »> • •• Ciiarlea Junot 11 11 ... Nicolas Hoffmann 11 i> • •» 5 Jaoque Langer II i> ... 1 Louis Meruz »• » t#» Edouard Hiiine II 11 • •• 1 Auguste Guelbertli 11 1' f •• 1 Gharle Gobur )i " ... 1 Joan Kocber 11 »• ... 1 Edouard Piaget 11 »i • •• 1 Jaoque Lamblet 11 11 »•• ... 3 Joan Weiss 11 11 • .. Mmo, Jonas Pierre do Guinand „ • •• 2 Total 1G5 ■ki 1 ^» 1 1 196 THE HUDSON 8 BAY I ' 11. If APPENDIX II. Pago 20.— "TaiiMs" hetwben Lord Hklkiur and thk Swisb Skttlebh. Torma oii which tho Eiirl of Bolkirk will diapoao of portiuna of tho landa (loauribod iu tho unnoxud papora to poraona who may be wiUiug to aettlo upon tho aaid lund with tiioir familiea, and wlio may bo willing to lubacribo to tho aunoxod conditlona (a) of sottlomont. 1. To poraona poaaoaaod of aomo proporty, and willing to purchaao land froo from all rent or annual paymont, ho will diapoao of lota containing not loaa than 100 acroB, and not exoeoding 500 acres, for oach family at 9<. per aoro, for which price la. 3<{. to Im) paid do>vn provioua to being put in poaaeaaion of the landa, and tho romaindor in three equal annual inatalmenta with 5 per oont. intoroat on tho portiona remaining unpaid from the time poaaeaaion is given of thu landa until tho aamo bo paid. If tho whole price is paid to tho Earl of Bolkirk or his attorney, Andrew Golrille, Eaq., provioua to embarkation, a deduotiou of 20 per cent, on the aforoauid price of 9«. per acre will bo u^ado to auch poraona. Lord Selkirk will provide, at moderate price, and at reaaonablo crodit if required, proviaiona, toola, and agricultural implements, and other thinga uoooaaary to on>'bIo tho aettlora to oatabliah their familiea on their landa. 2. To peraona who may prefer paying an annual rent for their land», .0 will diapoao of lota of land containing 100 acrea for each family on a lease for over at tho following rent : — For the flrat year commencing from the time at which possession may bo given, no rent will be charged. For the second year 20 buahela of wheat. For the third year 30 bushels of wheat. For tlio fourth year 40 buahela of wlieivt. For the fifth and all future yeara 50 buahela oi wheat, payable in kind. If the posseaaor of the lot should wish to relieve himself from the said annual rent, ho shall have the privilege of doing ao at any time he pleases upon paying 500 bushels of wheat in one payment. To theae laat-mentioned peraona Luid Selkirk will furniab, at hia own expenae, during the flrat nine months after their arrival at Bed River, such aaaiatanoe in proviaiona, aa with their own induatry and oxertiona, aa they ahall bo directed by the agent of the Earl of Selkirk, may be necessary to maiutaiu them, they always observing and obeying such rules and directiona as shall bo given by such agent iu that behalf. To such last-mentioned persons. Lord Selkirk will provide potatoes and grain, to be repaid in kind out of ihe first crop. Ho will also provide at moderate (a) Theae " annexed conditions " cannot be found. C0MPANY8 LAND TENUKE8. 197 priooH, t>M>U aud ugriuultuml implomouU, aiut uthur things noooKBnry fur tko OHlablitbnioal of the fniuiliea on thoir landa, to be repaid with interoHt at tho rato of S por cent, per annum at the end of three years. A Catholic Miwlon from the Catholic Biihopric of Quebec in alroand must lio surrendered to their respective Buoccssors ; and for every district of 10,000 acres which may be settled, Lord Selkirk will make similar allotments of landa for tho use of n clergyman und a schoolmaster. To persons who may bo willing to purchase lands on either of the above terms, and who shall pay for uach person of 16 years of ago and upwards £20 sterling for each child of 10, and not exceeding 1(S years of ago, ''13 6«. 8d, sterling, and for each child of 2, and not exceeding 10 years of age £10 sterling. Lord Selkirk will provide proi)er oooveyanco und provisions from Switzerland to Rotterdam, and ample sliip-room in a i^ood and BulUoiout vessel with good whole, jmo provisions fur tht* voyage from Rotterdam to Hudson's Bay, and also proper boats and provisions for tho conveyance by the rivers and lakes, from York Fort, or Fort Nelson in HudHOu''^ Uay, to the settlement on the banks of the Red River. Tho aforesaid piuusago money to be paid as follows, viz. onc- lifth part to bo paid to the agent appointed to conduct the seltlers from ^iwitzcr- laud to Rotterdam, and tlie remaining four-fifths tu be oousignod in t'.e hands of a respectttblo banker at Rotterdam (to bo hereafter agreed upon a^d named), payablo to tho order of the Haid Earl of Selkirk, or his attoraoy, Andrew Colvilo, Esq., upon tho embarkation of tho settlers at Rotterdam. Ohservationi by Mr. Oat*. On tho first. It would appear to me that from three-fuurths of a dollar to one dollar and a quarter per acre would bo quite a sufficient price for purchasers in the early periods of tlio settlement. The medium price will thus bo one dollar. On the second. It would appear to me that for those who should prefer paying rent annually to purchasing lands, the following terms would bo sufficiently high, viz. : — The first year free of rent. The second yoar 5 bushels of wheat ywr 100 acres. The third year 10 bushels of wheat per 100 acres. The fourth and all remaining years 15 bushels of wheat iMjr 100 acres. -- ' T 108 THK IIUDHONH HAY APPENDIX I. ! . I'age SU.— Will or the Earl or Belkiuk. The will of Lord Holkirk is oompristMl ia two duoumoiiU ; Uio tint n " tcHtu- ineutHry trust diBposition," uxeoutod, aooording to tlie Ihw of Hcotland, ut Edinburgh, on August 20, 1800; and tho second, a " supplomontnry truitt dispcsition nud sottlomcnt," oxeoutod at London, on August 7, 1810; and lioth pravod in tho Prorogativo Court of tho Archbishop of Canterbury, on June U, 1820, whou his effects wore sworn " undor £85,000." Whon the first instrumonl wn8 executod, ho had not acquired Assiniboia from tho Company, so it related only to \m lands in Lanarkshire, and "those lauds in tho Island of St. John's, aliai Prince Edward's, known by the name " of lots or townships numbers ten, thirty-ouo, thirty-two, tifty-sevon, llfty-oight, sixty, sixty-two, one-half of twelve, one-third of fifty-three, and one-third of fifty-nine, "together with all those landH located in my name and granted to mo in tho Province of Upper Canada, as also a tract of land in the State of New York, acquired by Henrietta Maria Coldon from William Conotablo, Esqre.of tho City of New York, and by me from tho said Hon.:etta Maria Coldeu, consisting of five thousand aorea or thereby lying on the banks of Lake Ontario, at the mouth of Qroat Salmon River, as more particularly described in the title-deeds to the same," etc. The trustees were Sir James Hall, Bart., of Dunglass, Sir James Montgomery, Bart., of titanhope. Captain Peter Halkctt, of the Boyal Navy, Adam Maitland, Esquire, of Dundrennan, and Dugal Stewart Esqre, Prufossor of Moral Philosophy in the University of Edinburgh, who wero empowered after the testator's death to immediately enter into possession of tho said lands, " to remove tenants there- from, and to let tracks thereof for any period not exceeding fifteen years," after which elaborate provision was madu for sale. By the last clause, tho trustees were directed to be bound by the instructions which should bo contained " in a separate paper or deed under my own hand, to bo written at any time of my life, and which shall specially refer to the present trust deed," which was to stand in so far as not so revoked or altered. Thirteen years afterwards the second " disposition " was executod, reciting that the first, having been executed according to the law of Scotland, was inaulBcient to convoy to tho trustees the lands in Prince Edward's Island, lu Upper Canada, in the United States, or " a certain tract of land called ' Ossinio- boia ' since acquired by me from the Governor and Company of Adventurers of England trading into Hudson's Bay ; " and, in order to remedy that defect, appointing John Halkett, of Seymour Place, Curzon Street, in the Parish of St. George's, Hanover Square, Esquire, Andrew Colvile, of Ochiltree and of Crommie, in tli(! county of Fife, and of Leadenhall Street, in the City of London, Esquire, Bt n "tuHlu- Icotland, ut utary truot ; and Imtli on Junu U, tDatruiuonl o it relatiMl 8t. Jobn'B, imibon too, If of twelve, .h all thoae per Canada, rietta Maria by me from 9 or thereby )n River, aa Pho truetooB y, Bart., of lid, Esqiiiro, n, Esquire, COMPANY R LAND TKNURKH. 11)9 Vvtvt Wcddirliiirn, of loliilwnk, in thn CVtunty of Forfar, Kt)t|uirt>, ainl .fatnos Witddnrbiira, Kiwiuim, His Majesty's Holii-itor-Ocncra! for Hootliiud, to be tnisto<'H along witli tho«4« aln)aiK>iiit<-d. On July 1, IH20, Hir Janios Hall, Admiriil, fonuorly Captain, Peter Hulk<'tt, Diigald Htewiirt, iind Ptitor Woddorbura nmoiinocd and (liHclaiminl this trust in favour of the MiirvivinK tniHtous. Pownr was Kivon to tiio trimtocs to sell tlio ostato in Nortli AnxTiaa, and also suitli |Hirt or parts of the Hootcli cktat*; as could txi sold with least (lisiulvantagu to ttio remaining part, "sucb sales to tw made as to iiny part of mich tstutt's not situated in Hootland by public sale or privatu Ixirguin, as my said trustt-cs siiull think pmpor, and as to any pari of such estates situate in Hcotland, by [)ul)lio aaction," after duo publication in spceifled nointed, and it was d(>clarcd that tlie first disiHmition " nnd tlies(< presents sliall li<< read together, and that these presents shall receive effect in tlio same manner ns if all that is lieroin contained had made part of the said trust disposition." All those documents uro duly rocordud in the Colony Uegister A. r III 200 THE HUDSON'M ray Hi ml APPENDIX J. Piigo 62.— OovRiiNon nrt.nKn'it Anmwkhh to the niRiiop or 8t. noNiTAOi'* QUUrriUNM IN IlitUAUI) TU I NUN AT IIkI) ItlVEII. Sir, Fort DdiiRlnH, H(>pt(r 10, 1822. I have tlio honour to tronRmit to you n roply to tlio invcml c|Uost{ont wliloh, in tlio naniti of Mnnaoif^nour t)i<> lliiilinp, you wero plMM? Aro there any "droits" to bu payed u|>on tho land ohnugiug proprietoray Anncer. There is one condition nnnoxed to all (;rauta of land in AHainilioia, which ia that tho grantee ahall acttle Mpon tho land and eultivate a certain (mrtion of it. A large proportion of the proH(!nt acttlera aro to revivo their aUotuient grants. Many of tho (Janadians aro lx)und, by their engagements, to pay an annual rent of five busheU of wheat per hundred ocreH, and this rent can neither be raitied nor lowered. Their engagt^mcntti contained a Htipulatiou that they might, at anytime pi rchaue tiieir land (that ia, tlte liundred ucrea) by paying t.'o hundred dollars. A new regulation with reaiwot to the price of land has, however, been oatabliahod, the lH>noflt of which may be extended to them If thoy ahould bo disposed and have tho means to purchase : the price now fixed is Ave shillings sterling pur acre. Tho rent t4) be paid by all new settlors, including tliO Swiss, is as follows : — The first and second year no rent will be demanded. Tho third year tho rent will be 10 bushels of wheat per 100 acres. Tho fourth year, l."* bushels of wheat per 100 acres. Tho fifth year, 20 „ „ Tho sixth year, 20 „ „ The Boventh year, 20 „ „ Tho eighth year, 20 „ „ Tho ninth year, 20 „ h Tho tenth year, 20 „ „ At the expiration of the tenth year from the first occupation of tlio land, tho rent will be subject to new regulation. fOMPANY'g LAND TENURM. 101 oNirAOi't lU, 1822. 1 qnoHtlotia Huliiuit, for iR fixed on ric(- ? Ar«> a, which Ih rtinii uf it. it'iit gnuita. inuual rftnt r bo raiiwxJ f mifrht, at "() hundred vovor, been Hhould bo ro Bhillinga ' the HwiDH, roB. e land, the Whon a ■f.tllfir ihall haTo pnM for hli lund. and fiilflHod tho (ytndltlnnN ni ■nttlemont u|>on rhlrli it wan Knwtwl to him. he will U nt liiK-rty, if not indflbtwl to Ihii I :arl of 8 (■t«t«, to i<liii|M)iilnK of hin own property. Hfcnnd Q^tntUm. Wonid thoro he any objcollon to our roncedinR land* upon tho River Mm, at a flxod rent, not redp« rlKhta of •• hitit a ventra," h tb« SeigQoura conccdo In Canada ? A nmeer. Lofd BolkIrk, whts b« ina«Io cxu nxivc ^rxnta of litnd in thia eonntry, noTer iattadad that tho r w lvew of mupIi KmntH iiliuiild look to liim cithf- for atttlora or fund«< for tho iniprovoniont of the aiimo. And the cxicutora oxp« any of tho auttlora to break tlioonKiiReniPiit whioli thoyvutcrod into with hiit hmlahipor hiaacoroditod UKontH. Any |M>rMon not tindor itu iiiKaKomont to take land from Ida lonlahip niiiy purcbHao.or runt, land from tho Jloman t'utholio Miaaion. The right of pxiinting "lodi ot vonti'a," ■wh na la i»oai»08aod, under tho Krcneh or Foudiil Liiwa, l>y tho Roignouri in I^ower (unada, la not rocogidzod, and, I may any, will never \m permitted to Ims nxorclM<-d, within the territory granted by the Hndaon'H Itny Company to tho Eiirl of Hoik irk. Thiril QueiUon. Arc tlio do MnroUB obliged to take land ardely from Lord Selkirk, or may they tnko land wlioro they plouae — for example, upon tho land npportnlning to the Human <,'ath(dio Misaion? Annrer. Tho do Mnrona are nmongat the nund)er of those under engagement to Lnrn with rMpm^t (o Pi)>inii, I cnn givt so AMwrr U) tills ijurallim. Sixth Qu-tHon Wtmt '.* iht) Atiwl pil«>r whif'li thi« mUIc-* will Iw itlloWMl for iliffhreDt ffmiM in iiaymont for tixir (li'i>U7 Wlint I* tlio flxml |iri<*<) for imUtiiM? .i MftOM*. for whnlnvftr ^rnlti tlio Mitllom timy uiv in pAynwiit of tii<«ii Ikirk'* fiUto, tlit>y will riH'i'lvo cnnllt in tliuir Mfootinta m fuliowa: for wlt«Ht, I H. ; lM»rUy, It. lUl. ; auil ptma, 7«. M., |Ml inolmlod, rml I havo no author ty (u oatMbllih nny flxvd plcu fur that articli'. Mow 'h QuMlinn. Can yon takr, in pnymont »r oir ichts lim i)rii<>ri of (llfrpnnit InlmMtnntii who nrn indi l)t<-tl l<> \\n, and canimt {a/ xin in nuy Colony ftrnonnt*? Ai tho Ruatotn of nnr<'|itinK onlom ilmwn l)y iMimont indtiljttol to Lord Hcikirk vrsi found < bn nttriidod w'lli Tory Norinna i'onii'i|U(>ncii Hh inilupnoi , and witli far ^rt^tcr fufility tlian wn coulu du, woru wc to uaauiui n\r\\ t» Eighth QMitinn. \% thorn any iiopo of accing monoy put in oirculntinn in tho Ci lony thin yo«r? Amtrtr. Having writton on thia Hulijcct to Mr. Ilalkott, I expect that, upon the arrival of the lK)nta from York Factory, nL;oa (or bonda) of tho IIiidion'M Uuy Company T.ill borumc tho ciiualuting medium in tho Colony. Ninth QusHion. Dooa it, appoar tliat in Uou of tho aix duyV lalxiur given by lliu acttiorn to tlio ulergy, tlioro will bo any ol)j<«tiou to our (•xacting thu tytho, audi aa it ia tixod in Canada, at tho rato of ouo'twenty-aixtii 7 Anneer, It ia o»)»» •'( tho oa Abliahod rogulatioiiB oxproaaod In tho printod doc<«80«l both tiio |)Ower and inclination to aauotion any private arranftument which might bo a^jroud upon botwoeu the clorgy and the atittlura ; but now, all that I can do ia to rocommond tlio subject, which I shall do by tho earlioBt opportunity, to the conaidoration of tho uxecutora in England. I Lavo the honour to be. Sir, Tour obedient aorvant, A. BVLOER. Tho Reverend Monaieur DeBtroiamaiaon. !?!♦ .* ..*; hinii, 1 <'un nwnt gmlBi liU U) liOril : fur whoAt, alillNhtxt hy tUblUh ftiiy InhnbltAiitit Ity chKr^inft .ord Selkirk ihlp'M <, Tho Uoinnii till) irtlhtri), ity tliftii wo ly thUyoar? kt, upon thv [iKlion'H Buy ottlorH to tho II it in iixed I (IoocIm, tu l>e j;ive iix days' bcUniR ; mu\ not witli mo. oy tho nd. lorvant, fi. Bi'LOEn. comi'any'h land TBuriiKa. fU APPKNUrX K. I'ttgO 77.— lilW or rRNilONBIIH WHO AITKAII TO IIAVK tWXS BUnotl.Bn AND TO MAVB rROt fililH. ll.M. John Hmitit 6245, ll.M. William Hpratt IWtii Foot William Hti voiiH •2tilh Fm)t (!harIcHSl;o.|)^ull (? Htodfjcll) Hitrd F'lOt 'riiomnii Tlironr 3450, U.M. •larotM Uirt Ilrtiloy Itiflit Prigadit •Fames Dolicrty 83r(l F.Mit [panif'M NowfoiiiKllanil (Nun- Patrick Molloy (oi IVTallny) Ocorno AnilcMoii •1 *• ilnimia AHliford 1821, U.M. (litiik'Ki) A II till iHt FfHit. (Jiii»rdn William Jirown .Wrd Foot William Chart Ml „ Mhsliacd Conn.'ll 04th „ 'I'liomaH ('orriifiiii 17th „ Martii. Dolaii 7.'ith ., .Tames Dtiflln 83r.l „ lolin KaKaii H4th „ William Flyiiii :i7th „ JoM(:|ili OaMtion r.83!>, U.M. .'ohii Hiimilton r.«!72. U.M. TlmmaH Helicr (? Ililliir or rfilliir) Hlltli Foot .John Irvino K4lli „ Kdwnid Ki^iiny 6th „ Patrick Lolis (or Lijlin) Gflth „ .famoH M<'<~!ormi('k lOtb Unttory U.A. 'riiomuH Morrison I '• MM .^ ( till 204 lUnk In l«»| • '••nip*ii]P, THK lirDMONM RAY III />rt0— «onUiin«r«K>H)n OiMrii* I7lli „ iStb .. flut « llittli l>rii(r'x>n« HKIM, KM 4tli llittLry, It.A Birl KiMil (iimnli 4mii Ki wnm, KM UA58. KM Ullril Ui'kIkx lit UUt 4tli DruKo'iiiH 0th l)rik({iKiii (iiiiirra ttth K<»t M lluttcry It.A Otli Fiiut (Uth . MMmmI M.irpl.y Jmbm MuIIIkmii OwMlO'Umiifll ThnnM* < Kikn* .liMliim l'»rka (or PnrliM) 'riiiMiiiia l'ii'kal«|M)r Jhiim* Idiwloy K'tlM'lt l(>NI* ■likiiK'i HitiiKittiir .liilin I,. Hi'IIwimnI Kalwitnl Hhiirp (■>/ HIinriN') WtlllHmHliui|> (ii«irK<* TuriH'r (iiHifKii WuUli Al>'iituMu uiro ft ISUi »» Anilrtiw Murphy It 17tli fl John ItuttH M HlHt fl Jowtph ArinNtroiiff M 4 lit II Johu Onicii w 4nra fl .liih'i Kiniiull H 47th II Iktrnanl Diriiaii «» Mlh •t Joliii Onh.iKun M 78th II Wilhmn Alhin W HUt f» Juiiifi AriiiitniiiK M 8flth II TiiToc Uarroii If 87th «l Anilrow ('onncll n nia, K.I.C. .John Hurry n 888 tl i'ntriult ( ollint n 101 tl Juincit Finn •* 414 »* Thonmi MoDoiiiilil At .. t sasi COMI'ANY'h UMU TKXURKll. tOA AI'I'liiNDIX L. raffi' 7H f t'hn fitllowinir U ii ooftjr nf thn anndttlon* mntttinflil In tho ptimpbliil whl«'li n..- iii|Mii.U'*ix'n lUv ('•tMi'ANr, Ndiitii AMRtttl.'A, Till' P'fofl liitf nd.d for lhi« ^'rvlou will, rI pr«»*iiil, ooniUI of only onu C'ntii|MUiy, nf nitty iirlvRtim, with thu uauitl pr«)|Mirtlr •Till flfiT. 'riai c'luiilUliittis mti*t Im men nf i^rMxl cliRractor uml liuliiMlriDiu hubiU, wli>«o nifit iln«iii not iixciti i| forty-llvn ytmn. 'I'htlr miiiliuuiii liolKJit U not to lio Khm thiiii flvi) fuut ■tx incbi'M, rikI thuy niUMt Im) of n rolnut fmiiif, nml iiiu ifivun to thoiu who havu Mmullvr fuiiiiliiH. Thu rnnillilittuti uppruvud of will bo unrolluii to lorvu fur novon yuiiri, on Jio followln)< tiirinM : — Thuy will ruct lv« pay, at tho r»tu of li. 3il. p«r day for n Prlvutu, U. 1, for A Corporal, nnd U. lOil.foru Hurgount, in adilition to |iunMion, from tliu puriiHl thuy aro cuUotl on to leavo their homi-i till cmbarki'd, with pon»oya' oo at tho Itiibiiu ux|H!nw) f'lr tliouiHulvuii and thnir fniuiliut ti thn port of umbarkation. Thiy will noolvij n frwi pasnago to Kort Clnrry, f-biHkrd, and for whiuli no deiluction will bo mado from Ihuir puniiiona. Thuy may ruci Ivo an advance of two monthM* puiuion on umlMirkntion, with u fiirthur advance of ono month's ponnlou for each child, to In> appiiid nnder the diriHjtlon of thu OflBour placed over thorn, in purohimlng tho noom^ary oiitllt for tho voyage. On arriving at Koft (larry, each iKJunlonor will ho provldud with qimrto»u, Each punnlonur will alno be entitled to a tuniiH)rary grunt of land, not excet-d- ing twenty acres to a Frivatu, thirty to a CorfMiral, and forty to u Hergennt; tho ground to be of u dcHcription fit for cultlTation, ami within two rollcg of the 206 TUK HUDSON H HAY Fort. On ooiuiuuuoiug tltoncini|>aiioy thuroor, thoy will roooivo auoh an atlvauoo nf nionoy oa may bo found noooawry for providing articloa of ruruitura, co' kIiik utonHiU, stuck, utc, undor tho direction of tlioir Offloor. All advau<^i>8 luado from penaion are tu be ri'))aid by tho application of tho whole peu.non whilo on ahip-board, and one-third after lauding, until the debt ia cleared off. From Ilia embarkation on aliip-board, till ho arrive at Fort Garry, no pouaioner thua enrolled will bo entitled to i>ity ; but tlieruaft'.^r, till tho lit day of August, 1849, he will, if a Private, rocuivu from tho Hudson's Bay Company an allowance of 78. per wook in addition to penaion, and Sa. Gd. per wwk fur tho foUowiug year ; iu return for which, he will be liable to bo employed, witliout further remuneration, during three days of each wook in the flrat period, aud during aix daya in each mouth during the aeooud period, either on public works or in drill- ing militia, or such military or other duty aa tho Governor of tho Hottlemont may direct. Corporals to receive la. per week, and i^ergoanta 2a. per week extra during the Qui period, and half tliuse amounts during the second, en the samo conditions. Any pi^nsionor, howevor, who prefers private employment may, with the consent of his oiUoer, be relieved from this obligation, provided ho gives a fort- night's notice, and abandona his claim to the ratca of pay before apeciiied ; but Buch employment must not remove him to a greater diatanc. than two miloa from huad-quarturs, and he ia alwaya to be liable to rooall, if tho defence of the atution ia found to require it. In conaidurati' n of tlie oxpenae incurred in sending out those pensiouera and their famiiiaa, and providing them with a rcaidonco and land, thoy will also bo bound to attend military cxorciae, without pay, fur twelve days iu each year; and en every Sunday for muster, under arms, o.t church parade. If called on to servo during any other periods than thoao above referred to, In dtifenco of the settlement, they shall bo entitled to the regulated ratea of pay for the aaiuo ranka in Hor Majeaty'a army, in addition to pension ; auoh pay to Ijo defrayed by tho ITudson's Uay C'"^pany in tho flrat instance, and aftorwuidH repaid by tho liritisli Treasury. In the event of any pensioner thus enrolled not attending whon called out for those duties, ho will he liable to the penaliiea of desertion, iu addit' jn to forfeiture of pension. On tho termination of the seven years' service for which tho enrolment is made, tho land occupied by tho penaioner will liecome hia absolute property, provided he has fulfilled the conditions of his agreement ; and he shall, there- after, be subject to no further military duty than may be exacted from ony other resident in defence of the settlement. Tho Hudaon'a Bay Company are, liowever, to have tho option, within one year of the termination of tho service, of resuming ix>sBession of the land, on paying the penaioner tho asoertained value thereof at the timo, including the buildings and crop on the ground ; or if tho pensioner prefer it, he may receive a fresh grant, at a greater distance fru.u the Fort, of treble tho extent. In the event of deatli before tho termination of the seven years, the grant of land will devolve on tlio penaioner who may fill tlio vacancy ; but should any improvements have been made thereon, the same shall be valued by his Ofilcor and paid to his family out of a stoppage to bo made from the pensioner suooeed- ing thereto ; and till the arrival of such pensioner, tlio family of the deceased shall be permitted to occupy tlie ground. t » an advttuoe irc, CO' fcliiR \tion of tho til tho debt 10 i^enBioner of AupfUBt, n allowanoo foUowiug lout further il during six 9 or in drill- Holtlemont ' week extra on the Bam.) y, with the givoB a fort- tucitied ; but in two miloa fence of the tnBionera and will also bo 1 each year; referred to, 1 rates of pay ; suoh pay to id aftorwurds m oullo<1 out a addit'jn to enrolment is lute property, ] almll, tiicro- rom any other ithin one year nd, on paying tho buildings eceivo a fresh I, the grant of it should any by his Oftloer ioncr sucoeed- ' the deceased COMPANY S LAND TENUUEH. 207 Ka<*h |)onBionor shall recoivo similar arms and oquipmontH to (hosu which have boon issued to tho unrolled pensioners in this country, as also a great jout, coatee, pair of trouserg, and cap, to bo worn on those ocuasions when he is out on duty, and which will Ik) renewed once in every third or fourth year, as may 1)0 required. Each punsiuner on being enrolled shall receive the sum of £\, to be applied under the direction of his Onicor in providing him with the following articles. One fatigue jacket, On" pair of boots, Two shirts, Two pairs of socks. One stock ; and which store of nocoBsnricB he Hliall be bound to keep up in Aituro years without any further issue of enrolincnt-monoy ; as also u sufficiency of warm clothing Buitable for the winter of that climate. In the event of the death or removal from the force of any pensionor tliUB enrolled before the oxpiralion of tho period for which his clothing has been issued, it shall revert to tho public, to be made available for the equipment ot his successor. Medical aid will be provided at tho expense of the Hudson's Hay Company for tho pensioners, and their wives and families. In tho oasi) of death, un allowance of £1 Is. will be mado by tlie British Government, to cover the expense of funeral, etc., of the i)ensiouor. As tho service exacted in virtue of this enrolment will bo of rare occurrence, and will only continue for a few d at u time, it is not to reckon for inoroaso of ijonsion ; but when employed in uio defence of the settlement^ these pensioners shall, in the event of being wounded or disabled in the cxooutiou of their duty, be allowed the usual incroaso of pension as for wounds received in action. Every i)ensioner enrolled in tliis force will, during tho continuance of tiio seven years for whioh ho is engaged, bo subjected to the provisions of tho Mutiny Act and Articles of War ; but all minor offences may be punished by such fines, or by expulsion from tho force, as tho Governor of the Settlement for the time being may direct, in which case tho offender will be deprived of his rosidenco and allotment. Tho annual periods of exercise will be fixed by the Governor of the Settle- ment for tho time being ; and, except on that occasion and the others before referred to, none of the pensioners shall bo called out either for exercise or defence, except by him or persons holding his authority for that purpose ; but when so called out, they shall be placed under tho General or other superior Officer in command of Her Majesty's forces in the Settlement, in the same manner in all respects as if they formed a part of the regular forces of Her Majesty's army. War Office, April 3, 1848. li ' li- Ill 208 THE Hudson's day APPENDIX M. Page 81.— HoiiBME showing Sdb-division ok Lot No. 1211 (Point-a-Peltieb) AMON08T FOIIT GAUUY EnKOLLBD PbNSIONEUH, OtH NOVEMBER, 1852. if OrlB. No uf Lots. No. of No. of Name of Occupant or Cbklns. Acrcg. 2 Proprietor. 1 H. n. Co. 2 1 2 John Eagau 8 1 3 H. B. Co. 4 1 5 John Hamilton S 1 5 JoBopli Gftsdon 6 1 5 JamoB Duffiu 7 1 S H. B. Co. 8 1 10 » »» 9 H 10 9* n 10 ^ 10 William Allan 11 i 10 H. B. Co. 12 2 16 William Flynn 13 2 16 James McCormick 15 2 16 Robert Shcpiierd Ifi 2 16 H. B. Co. 17 2 16 Peter Clancy 19 2 16 An(irow Connel 20 1 12 John Green 21 1 10 William Sharpo 22 1, 12 John Kennal 23 1 13 Patrick Ryder 21 ; ■ 13 H. B. Co. 25 18 >» n 26 1 18 Bernard Dirnan 27 1 13 Philip Maguire 28 1 12f Micliael Connol 29 30 ■ 17 9 Thomas Corrigan 1 H. B. Co. 31 H 13 32 U 18 83 H 13 »i »> 34 i| 13 35 12 Martin Doolan 36 1 12 Andrew Murphy 37 1 12 John Smith 38 1 12 James Roper Remarks. Note. — Under this heading will be round partioularB concerning the lots in re- gard to the '.ransfer, merger, and other dealings, as woM as further information which should bo consulted by those particularly in- terested. company's land tenureh. 209 •-A-rELTIER) t, 1852. 51 58 54 OrtB. No. ofLoti. No. of No. ur Cbkitif. Acraa. 80 U 14 40 1 14 41 1 14 43 2 17 48 2 17 45 2 18 46 li 14 47 48 }8 28 40 50 }8 28 2 2 20 20 20 Naiui! »f Occiipmit nr Proprietor. OeorKo Wild J, MoyscB Qoorgo Bico Robert RaiiiBay John Bniill), 2n(l ThomaH MoDoniild JoBopli Wurrico ThomoH Pickaley Edward Sharpo Miijor Caldwell John Barry Major Caldwell Ucmatkv. NoTK— Under tliia hoadinii will be found niirtioularH ooncerninR tiio lotB in re- gard to the tranitfor, merger, and otlier dealingB, as widl as furihor Information which Bhould be oonaultod by thoBO particularly in- terested. [NoTF.-Copied from two shoetB in the Dominion Land CommisBionor'B Office at Winnipeg, September 19, 1893.— A.M.] :hia heading [ particulars lota in rc- isfer, merger, liuga, aa weH information be oonaulted tioularly in- .#*r: 210 THK HUDSON'S UAY l> APPENDIX N. Piigo 8(j. -Uki'out (IK TiiK Cask ok Tkju'i-eton r. Wtbwabt, tuieu in the Queen's Uenoii at Winnii'eo, in 1802; taken fhom '3 " Westeun Law 'J'lMEH Uei'oiith," pp. i8y-iy4. TEMPLETON v. STEWART. Novemueic II, 18l>2.] [Uain, .). t'roicit patent — Setting atide ajler invnntigiilinn by crown — Allorney-denenil not n yart'j wlnre grant i» from H. U. Co. prior to trnn»fvr to Canada— Appli- ouhility (»/ connnon lain lu to married womrn to Unpvrt't Laud — Law ai to mle by married women in ICiTO — Slulute of Limitntiom— Title by pouettion, IJill lilod to sot OHiilo Crown patunt to tho iiortli iJJ uliuiiiB of tlio inner, and tlio north !J clnviiis of tho outer 2 niilos of lot It) of tho Dominion (iovcrnmonl Hurvcy of tho Par.sh of Kildonan, grantod by tho Dominion (iovornmont to tiie dofondtiut, Uobiua Stewart. Tlie defendant R. D. Tompleton was joined as tho husband of tho deceased mother of tho phtintifTs. Tho river lot 19 corre- wponds with lot 203 of tlio Hudson Bay Company's survey. In the H. 13. Co.'s land register Robert McKay, one of Lord Selkirk's settlers, appeared at having entered for it and the lot was entered under the oolumn in that register hooded " Acres granted by Lord Selkirk," but there was no other documentary ovidonco of his title. McKay lived on that lot from 1835 to 1853, when he died in possession of it. To the defendant, Robina Stewart, he devised the north 3} chains of tho lot. Plaintiffs, tho heirs of defendant Stewart's sister who died intestate in 1882, claimed that Stewart, a married woman, had in 1863 sold tho land to their mother, then also a married woman, and she, or they, bad over since occupied it and were in occupation. In 1887, the defendar* Stewart applied for a patent to the said inner and outer two miles, and after a full investigation and examination of witnesses under oath before the Dominion Lands Commissioner in Winnipeg, and in spite of the evidence adducal before him by the plaiutififs, and with a full knowledge of tho circumstances, tho Crown, in February, 1?91, granted patents to tho said lands to the defendant Stewart, who thereupon applied for a certificate of title and serve land tho effect of whicli was to give iiim the actual ownership of tho land during tiio coverture) was entitled to the inner 3} chains by virtue of possession and tho HUvtuto of Limitations, H. 8. M., cap. 89, h. 4 — Ilarrii v. Mudie, 7 A. B. 414— but tho father by filing tho bill as next friend for two of his children showed tliiil he was willing to give up to tho plaintiffs any interest ho had in tlio lands, and as thoro would bo no suriiriso and as it could mako no differenoo to tho defendant, except as regards tho question of costs, and expenses of further proceedings would bo avoided, there would Ih) a decree, upon tho plaintiffs filing a releaso to them from Alexander Tcmploton, declaring Robina Stewart a trustee for tho plaintiffs, according to their several interests, of the inner 8} chains and directing her to exoouto con- voyaucos of the roHpcctivo shares . Question of costs reserved till aftor releaso is put in.* * Note. — This rolease was put in, but before the decree was taken out the judge bubsi quontly, when tho question of costs came up, refused to allow plaintiffs to take out the decree, and directed that the bill should bo dismissed, but without coals, leave being given to Alox. Templeton to proceed ns he might be advised. 4 W. L. T. R., 02. Tho judge did not, however, in any way change or alter tho opinions expressed by him in his judgmont. Templeton immediately took proceedings to establish his claim, tho defendant's interest was put up for sale to satisfy the costs of her own solicitors, and Templeton bought it in as tho cheapest way uf settling the action : tho lands are now in his undisturbed occupancy. company's land tknuukr. 21 n ul'joot to oxiHtoiice •^11 My Hho (Jii. 128 ; MaoQnern »ro living >ii In tlmt K'-ft to a ibniiil, alio >y length Morley, AIU'ENDIX O. Pago 92.— Hay Pihvileoeh in As8INIdoia. Copy of a Roport of a Conimittoo of tlio Hon()UMl)ltj the Privy Connoil, npprovod by Ills Excolloncy tlio Oovorufir-Oononil in Ooimoil, on tiio I7tii April, 1H74. On a Muniornndum I'atud the 3ril April, 1874, from tho Hummrablo tliu Minlstor of tho Interior, Htuting in reforoiice to Die Tc\wti divlwl '23ril Fibruury Inut, hy tho Hay and Common ComminBionors, that althoiigii ho had beon pre- vionsly under tho iinprcsaiun thut tho hay right on tho outointed as the agent of tho Qovornmont of tho Dominion in tho settlement of this mutter, iio is of opiidon that the recommendutiou of tlio Commibsioners is deserving Oi t'avourablo con- slderntlon by the (Jovornment. Tho following, ho states, are the reeoinmendations of the Commissioners, tho application of which, it is understood, is limited to the parishes namc|)Iu wilt liu (tnllttotl t<> on* ilollHr umi II hnlf in »cri|> for ciiolt ncro uf Iniul in tlio rivvr iota rui|)ooiivoly owny tliutu. Tliut ■liuuM tho Rottloinont rocnninionilnl aliovo In) itppMriMl ho tubniiti tiiti ux|KMUitncy of adopting Homo prinoipli< by which tho gnnoral right of cuttinK luiy, wliioh It roitid ap|H<»r ox|)odiont to ooi. muXo, had Imun hold and enjoyed by tbu suttlon in tho Pruvinco «liuuld bv dutormintd upon. That fvith tliii vluw, and having giTun tliu matter oonNldoratlou, ho rooom- nivmlH OH follow. : — That y-r ii|o, Im) inodo for tho ivimniutation of tho right of cutting buy by •• ') If ' Ui'tltot \ proylous to tho trunifur, outaido of tiioRo pnriiihoi in whioli tl ' ; ; /,i»r>f ihc outer two milcg wm rooognizod by thu Oounoil of AM*iullxiiu, on . V '•!<•"•; ;j principle, tlint in to «iy, — '1 X.1 \^r n wlio may prove to Ui entitled under aub-aoctlon I, '2, ',\, «r I, of aoclion 82 Oi. Manitoba Act, to a froohoid ^nint from tho (Vown, Mhivll rtiooivo an iaauo of acrip, tho aikr.\o to bt* in full coinmututloii of tho right of cutting hay and of any and every other right which auch person clainia or nmy clitim under aulvolauao 5 of aoction 32 of the Act !<3 Victoria, oha[itcr !t, of otiii tlollar of acrip for each uoro of land for which auch [wraon may, aa aforoaaid, provo uittitlod to receive a |iiitont. Ilia Honour tho liiuutonant-tiovernor in paragraph 8 of hia doHpateh, dated the 18th March luat, hereinbefore referred to, adviat^a that tlie dealing with thu Point DuughiB and Ht. Doniftice Comniona ahould Im rofirrod to a apouial com- miaaion, comiMiaod of tho three judgea of tho Court of Quoon'a Uenoh. Tbia he iceomnicnda, aa Mr. Uain, one of tho Comntiaaionora, lio ullegea, had already, in hia profeaaional capaoity, Ixien called un to deitl with thu queation of tho I'oint Douglas Common. The Miuiater aubmita the courHO adviaed oa alK)Vc by Ilia Honour thu LicutenantOovornor to tho favourable conaidorotlou of tlio Government. He further reoommenda that auch of thu rogulationa oontainorrlco. In tho flntt [)luR0, ull MUund«rMtunding botwoon ' the Morth Wiit Com|)nn>' in totally at an end. You am to know that tho Ilon'hlo Cuinpiuiy cm tho • 'azette and Daily I'aporH tliut a Genoral lioar! at thoir Houao, on Momlay tho 2(!tli Man-li Init. tho Hudion'B Hay and North WoHt I'roprit'torH ett meeting was to prom uigiito that an UNION M'vci'n me l wo (Jompanloit had taken place. I cannot enumerate tho Iloaolutiona whio. n \nimoiiHly paHacd on tho oooaaion, let it Hufflou for mo to acquaint you, that it appuaru to have iMien u well digested Plan which eventimlly will tond tu tho ndvuntage of both CompanioB. Mr. Qarry a Gont'n of tho Ilon'hlo Committee accompanied by Mr. Simon McOilllvray haa embarked for Now York, from tlieneo to Montreal, in onler to proceed to tho CompanyV Settlemonta, tho North Went Wta*' i and Ited Rirer. If you ahould aeo Mr. Qarry you will find him a ' i in every roapoot, and dcaerving roHpcotful attention. Tho whole concern will bo api)ortioneil into aharea to which ino Nortii Weat Agenta will Im entitled. I waa proaent at tho General board (being a proprietor), and after tho buainoaa was concluded a mutual congratnlation paat between tho Governor, etc., and myaclf; and I alncorely winli every Individual or follow F^aljouror in tho aaiuo Vineyard, in which I was till lately, Joy on the happy Kvent. From the Tonor of your Letter I am led to imagine that Mr. Roberta would expect from mo the balance of your acu' as ho did hiat year, tho ocmHcuuonco of whioh haa boon tliat I dofernd purohasiiifi; for you in tho ConanlH, leat it would havu interfered with tho Commisi-iona you had given him for purrhaainf^ varioua articloa for yuu ; I ahull thereforo not adr Ailvontunri of KukIuiuI, trilling into IliiilmiirM Iluy, miuI KniitlnK- WtiKiirAM tlio laid Ooromor nnd Cotnpnny woru tiitaliliNlutil nml incor|iornt(Hl l>y tliciir inl'l niuno of " TIic fJovurtior nml C(ln'iil tri dlnK i"'<) IIiiiImxi'n liny," liy l.tilttira rutuiit Kritntud by IIIm htto Majnya, Ink' f, rivorH, rrctika, nnd Hotinda nfon-Hnid, thnt wcru not nlrondy lu^tunlly |ioHMo««od liy, or granto«I to, nny of Hia Mnjrnty'a aulijcota, or pOHHt-aacd l>y tlio aultjt'cta of any other Cliriatinn Trinco or Ptato, nnd that tho anid Innd ahould Im from thutinofurlh rockoncd nnd roputud na ono of Ilia MajoHty'a I'Inntntiona or Colunioa in Anioricn cnllrd Itn|icrt'H Land, nnd whcroby IIIh an'd Mujoat." nmdu nnd conatituted tho anid (iovirnor and (jonipnny nnd their aiicctaaora tlio almoluto I.orda nnd propriotora of tho annio torritory, limiia, nnd pincoa aforraiid, nnd of nil othor tho proiuiaoi Having; the fuith, allo>;inn(aty, IiIm lioira nnd aiUTC'KHorH for tlio aninc, and Krnntid to tho anid Oovornor and Company nnd tlioir Buocrsaora, aurh ri^hta of Ouvurnuioiit and other righta, privili gi'8, nnrtic8, fmnohiaci, powcra, and nuthoritioa in Ituporl'a Lnnd iia thcroin oxprcaxod. And wlicrcna ovor ainoo tho date of tlio anid Lottcia I'nti nt, tho anid Clovornur and Company havo oxerciaod and onjoyod tUo aoic ri^ht thcroliy grnntod of auoh trndo and oouimtruo aa thcroin montionod, and luivo oxcroiacd nnd cnjoyo>At for IIm plip oiii pf Uint Art ih« dnn, "ltu|i«rt'« Lm^," auall liu^liiilo Iho wbob of tiM HWdi ftad lirrtlorlM hi hull! by thn Mi ll«iity, iinny liixlniint'iit uiiilcr II< r HiKiiM«niiiil rtii nofi'pt a •iirrxtulur of itll or niiy nf iho UuM, t(irritorli<«, rlKtiU, jirivlloKua, lib«rtlot, rrauohltoi, powttra, uml niitlioritU«iittHl or pur|M)rtt«l to l« Kmnlud liy tito anlil Lnttcra Tiilmit to tlii> m1rt'a liAiiil, u|Hm aiioli tiriiiit and ooiiilitiotii> nm t.|iiiil Ih3 nKri'cil ii|ioi) hy miil Uitwuvti lliir Mttjcaty niul t)i" mtlii Uovcriior itnd ('oiii|Miiiy ; |i*ovic|i(l, liowovpr, timt iiiol) aiirniiKlur ahall not I., m .'ii|)lu(| dy llur Mitjinty until tli< icrma nntl oonditioiia ii|Min wlil''li ltii|i< ri'x I, mid ahull Im) itdiniltrnviHl i>( \,y Hrr Mnjmity, ntnl luilxMliiMl in nn Adtircwa to flur Miijcaty from thn llonaoa o|' tho Pitrlliuncnt nl CunivdH in purauuucv of the I Kllh Hut'tion of thu liritiiih Nortli Arni>ri<i |iroi>riotury ri^lita, und nil othir prlvilc^'i m, lil)«rti<'H, fmuchiaca, pnwera, »nd uutliorititia whnlaiw'vur, Kfitnt")! or jinrporttd to lio ^rant'd by the ■aid licttura I'litint to thu auid (iovunior und Company witiiin Itupcrt'a Lund, and whinh ahull huve btcn ao Hiirrondrrod, nIiuU In* ubxidtiti^ly cxtlM^nliht'd, I rovidtMl that notiiin(( in tlio aaid Ad coiitiiini'd hIiuII lircvrnt thn auid (invi rnor nnd ('ompiiny Tront i^ontinuinK to cnrry on in Itiipi'rl'a I.u'id or cliinwhcrn tnuln and oiiininurc'K. And wliiTuiia ([nr auui Mnjcaty (jncon Vii'toriu und tliu aald Oovfrnor and Company luivn u((rofld to tnriui« nnd condiliona u|K)n which the auid (Governor und Conipuny ahiill Hiirrciid'r to Hnr auid Mujnaty, piirimunt to thn proviaiuna in thut bohulf in Ihu Ituprrt'a I, und Aitt, INtirt, oontuinvd, ull tliu rigbta «if Oovm-nniunt nnd other rlKhla, priviicgea, libi .lioa, rrunohlxc, powcri, nnd authoritlcH, and nil tlio IuiuIh und (orritorira (nxcopt nm' anbjri't na in thn auid turma und conditiona nxprcHaud or ni('iitiono grautcd by tin- auid Lnitnrrt I'uli nt, und uU > ull aimilur rij^lita whi<-li huvn bvcu uxoroiand or aaaumoiJ by tliu auid Oovcrnor iind Compnny in uny purtn of Dritiah North Amoriun not forming (Mtrt of Uupcrl'H Lund, or of Cuniidu, or of llritiHli Columbia, in order and to tin) inliMit thui, uftor auoh titirrcndnr him bcnn nn'cclcd and uccnpted under thn proviaiona of Dw luatinuntiomd Act, the auid lUijinrl'a Land may t>o adinittud into thn (Juion of the Dominion of Cuuudn, purauanl to thn horciuboforo monllonocl Acta or ouo of thini. And wbtruaa tli" auid torma and conditiona on which it hiiM boon ugrecd Unit the Huid anrrnnder ia to b<> tundo by the auid fJovornor nnd Company (wlio iiro in the following Articlea dcaigiialod aa tho Company) (o Hnr Kuid Mnjoaty nro na followa (thut ia to any):- 1. The Cunr liun Oovcrnnipnl uhiill pay to the Compnny tho anni of :t()fl,00()/. •torling when Uu|)ort'H Lund ia trunaforrod to thu Dominion of Cunndu. 2. 'Jlio Company to retain all tho poata or alationa now actually jwHacBHod and occupied by them or their ofllcora or aKcnta (wliethor in Uu|iert'« Land or any other purt of Britiah North Amoricg, nud may witiiin twolvo montha oftor tho accoptauco of the aaid aurrcndor select a block of land adjoining each of their postH or atationa witiiin any part of Itrif li North America not compriund in Cuimdu aid lUitiah Columbiii in conformity, except ua regards the Rwl Uiver Territory, with ii list niudo out by tho Company nnd connuunicr'rd to tho Cuiiudiiin Minister^, being tho Hat in tlio annexed Hcbeduln. rim nftiiul Burvey ia to Ihi proceeded with, with nil ceiivcniont apcod. flH •mr mrpRON'n hay X Tha itM <>( •'«<'li hliick l« iu)i U> i icvkiI In llu< |(i<<| lllvsv MW«nltolM< Kgnril ii|inn tNtlwrrn thu ('•>ni|Niny anil thi> OuvcrtiAV Af r«B*i|(i tttOMMeil. 4. Hi! fiir aa IIik MniflKurntInn of the coiiiitry a Kfitnt*''! to l<« il< (iriiilnml by M, aiitl Ihu (!oni|Miny to |)ay a ntraihln aharo of the anrvry i'X|)ana«B, not i*xm>c«ling t rtinta CnnaMlan an arri\ Tho Conipnny may ticfcr thn itxir« thrtn ti'ii yitara aftttr it la a<>t ul, hut their claim niiial l>« llinlti«l to nn nllolmiint tn>m thti liiniU ninainlng nnanlil ut tlio tlnii< they il< daro llwlr inttinlion to nmko It. 6. For thu purivMMi of the laat Artlcln tlio fi-rilln Im>U la to im IkmukIiuI i\a followa:— On tho aonth hy tho Unllttl Htiitca' lN>niiilitry ; on tlm wrat hy iho ttuoky Mountaina; on tho north hy (ho Northrrn Unuich of tho HMkittohuwnii BiTtr: on tho 0Mt by Liiko Wlnnl|)og, th« Lako of tho WcxNia, anil tha watort fonno4<>ta of thia Articio, ahull not oxtoiMl mom thun llvo nilira iiiliuxl from tho rlvor, Rivi'iK I" ('"^ Ounaillaii Dominion an iM|inil i|nniillty of tho |M)rli' n of liiiui ooiniiiK to tlictn of townihipa oalahliahoil on tiiu aonthnrn hunk of tho auid rivur. 8. lu laying out any puhlic romla, cn.iula, or othor pnhlio worka, through any hlock of lund ronorvcd to tho ('mnpuny, tho CuniMlian (lovurnna'nt may tnko without ivtmiM^nMation mucIi IuihI ait ia nrt^twfnry for tho pnr|Mia«>, not excelling ono-twcnty-tirth of tho total aon'UKo of Iho blook; hut if thu Ounniliiin (lovurn- nic-nt roi|ulro uny luml which ia uctuully under cultivation, or which hua Ix'en tiuiU u|>on, or whioh la ncoiaaury for k'*'"K tho t'onipuny'a «< rvunta nccvaa to any rivor or lukti, or ua a frontuKo to uny rivur or hike, tho Huid Oovttrnment ihull pny to tho ('oni|)uny tho fair value of tho auinc, and ahall niako com|)ODin- tion for any Injury (hino to the Company or thoir aervanta. 0. It Im nnderatixMl that tho wholu of tho lund to ho npproprintod within tho niouning of the luat proocding claua<<, ahull ho nppropriuted for puhllo purpoaoa. lU. All titloa to lund up to tho oighth day of March, oiio tiioUNund eight hundroo at liborty to ourry on ita Irado without hindrnnco in Ita corporate ca|Nioity,and no ozeeptional tux la to ho plined on tho Company'a lund, trade, or Horvanta, nor uny lm|Hirt duty on jjooda IntrtMluci d l>y tho anid ('oinpnny provioualy to audi uocoptunuo of tho auid Miirrender. 12. Canndu ia to tnko ovur thu mnlerlulH uf tho cleetrie telegrnph nt cont prico ; audi prico lududing trikiiHiJort, lint not including intoroat fur money, nnd auhject to u deduction of nKCcrtuinod detoriorntion. i:i. The Compnny'a claim to land uiK.cr an ngrrcmcnt of Mriira. Vimkniigh- not and Ilopkina ia to ho withdrawn. 14. Any claima of Indiana to coniponaation for lands rrqiiircd for purponoa of settlement •hull lie disposed of hy the Cnnndinn (.iovcrnmont in conimuiii- I > rrtlnrjr «n ii. iiNnml right iii'il. it hiixlmiiri' n ('HC8 a oooiinuai- O0llf!4lfY'H UND TKNrnn 110 with tlMfeiiyiital OofttrnoMnli «nit ihn (rnmiHiny liuill b* nHmiA of ftll In rr«|wrl i)f thiin. M ilin ■iirr>'iii|t>r Iinrcilii4iri>>r ■■•iiil«lnml M lAlMld^'l to ho iniiil» in loflhoAKr" "" "'I '>!" " "" '■ riii*ik«kiMaiMOMb»ffttob«fnr<'*tiktmL Kow know y^^, nihl thrm |iri oil i'.,iilmF iinmiit In lb* piofialoiM of Hint A' I, ilio aiklit Oovornor itml ('oni|>«tiy iln homhy •tirnniicr trt lb* QoMiia Moat (iritrioiia Miijmity, nil (ho rlKliU of (tovminiunt, uni*. othnr rtuhta, prIvlli'Ktia, liJH'rtiim, frttuohiaoa, |kiwi r*, hikI niitliorltliia, Kmutv)' ' r purportml In bu t(r«nl<^l to tho mlil (iovrrnor nml Coni|)«iiy hy tha inlil tw, wl L«lleri l*M(0nt uf liia Ut« MnjAaty KliiR Clhnrlna thn H«<>onilt ami alio all •Imiiar ri^ht^ whli'lt tnuy havu Imhii iix>'r>-l«<«l or iumuihiiI Ity thit aitlit Oovnriior anil ('oiiiiiiiiiy In any fitrta of llrltixli NOrlli Aim riiM, imt foniiliitc l^"'*^ "' l(u|Hrt't I.iiml or of ('itn«' Umla ami tt'rrltortca within ltii|i<>rt'a l.nml («S(<«tit nmi «iil'|< ul hh in tin' aulit ti Kmntol to llio mM (lovirtior aiiil (Nini|mny liy thti aitlaa wlnnxif, tint (iovrrnor ami (.'oni|iaiiy of AilvDnturorH nf Mnglnml trii 8,000 Eiliiionlon IIoiii«i> 8,000 Itnrky Moiintuin llouio ... FortVlotoria AGO 8,000 Ht. Paul 8,000 Kortritt 8.000 Itiittlo Ulvoi' 8,000 Curlton Homo 8.000 KortAllicrt :t,i)ii() WhltollHh Luko .ViO Lao La liinho 1,000 Fort Amilnilmino ao Loaaor Hlnvo Luko ... 500 Lao 8t. Anno ooo Lao Ln Nun 500 St. Albert 1,000 rigoon l.iiko 100 Olil Whito Mmi Fort ... 60 2.'5,''i!0 iicied In •«'n(tkit* 'h«'WBn DUtriPt. 220 THE HUDSON'S BAY OiitriDt Cuiuborlaiid .. Bwau River Red River }* ■ III I Manitubiih Lake I'ortago La Prarie Lnc La Pluie ... York roat. Guinborland IIoiiso Fort La Corro Pclicau Tiiiko ... Mooao Wooda ThoPftB MooBo Lake Qraudo Rapid Portugo Fort Pellv ... Fort Ellioo Q'Appello Lakes Touchwood Hills Hlioal River Mtnitobah Fairford ... Upper Fort Garry, and^ Town of Winni|wg Lower Fort Garry (includ- 1 ing the farm the Com- pany now have under | cultivation White Horse Plain Oak Point AcfM of I.Mid. 100 8,000 50 l.P'JO 25 ."50 100 3,000 3,000 2,500 500 50 50 100 .50 aoroa at each end of portage. 4,H25 aorea in Cumber- land Diatriot. 50 1,000 <.>,200 acres in Swan River Diatriiit. Such nuiiilK'r of ncres as may Lo agreed uiHiu between the C<)mpany and the Govcrbor of Canada in Council. 1,050 Fort Alexander ... ... 500 Foit Frances • •• 500 Eagle's Nest ... 20 Big Island ... 20 Lac du Bonnet ... 20 Rat Portage ... 50 Shoal Lake ■ at 20 Lake of the Woods . .. 50 Wliiteflsh Lake ... .. . 20 English River . * . 20 Hungry Hall Trout Lake . . . 20 ... 20 Clour Water Lake ... 20 Sandy Point ... 20 1,300 acres in Lao La Pluie District. York Factory ... 100 Churchill ... 10 Severn .. * 10 ■J'rout Lake ... 10 Oxford ... 100 Jackson's Bay 1.. 10 God's Lake ... !0 Inland Lake ... ... 10 200 f - " ind. at each end ;o. 1 ill Oumber- jtrlot. OS in Swan listrict. inbcr of ncres ly bo agreed between the iny ami tlie bor of Canada moil. es in T.ao La district. COMPANY S LAND TENURES. 221 Dlilrlct. Pott. Acres of L«nd. Norway Hdusk Norway House B(^ron'H River Grand Rapid NolHon's River rthorn Department 100 25 10 10 U5 4'. Total in N. J,170 MN1». 125 145 120 GO Albany Soitheun DErAnTMKNT, Rr Allmny Factory Martin'H FallH Osnaburg Lao Soul Little Wlialc Rivoi Great Whale River Fort George Moose Factory Hannah Bav Abitibi New Brunswick Rupert's House MisrttaHsing Temiskaniay Woswonaby Meohiskun Pike Lake Nitoliequon Kamapisoan Matawaganinqno KuckatooHh uthern Department fkut's I 100 10 25 500 East Main 60 50 25 Moose 100 10 10 25 Rupert's River 50 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 KinogumisBce ... 50 10 - Total in So 1,085 Superior Temi8caniiu(Hio Labrador Montreal Dki'autment, Rupert's Land. Long Lake 10 Kukababoagino ... Port Nascopio Outposts, ditto Fort Cliimo (Ungava) South River, outposts George's River Wlialo River Nortli's River False River Total in aiontreal Depurtmciit 10 20 75 25 100 .10 50 50 25 25 380 400 acres T I I 222 TUE Hudson's day company's land tenures. NouTUBRN Dej'aktment, Noutu-We«t Teubitoiiy. Dliitrict. i'uot. AcFM of Land. Athabasca Fort Chippowyan 10 Fort Vormilion 500 Fort Duuvugan 60 Fort St. John's 20 Forks of Atliabasca River 10 Uattlo Bivor S Fund du Loo 5 Bait River 5 (305 acres in Athabasca District. MoKonzio Kivor Fort Simpson 100 Fort Liard 800 Fort Nelson 200 The Rapids 100 Hay River 20 Fort Resolution , . 20 Fort Rao 10 Fort du Lac 10 Fort Norman 10 Fort Good Hope . . 10 Peel's River 10 Lapicrre'a House .. 10 Fort Halkott 100 900 acres in Mackenzie River District. - Total in No rth-West Territory •• 1,505 acres. I RECAPITULATION Northern Department, Rupert's Laud Southern ditto ditto Montreal ditto ditto Northern Department, North- West Territory Acres. 42,170 1,085 400 1,505 45,100 iES. Dd. INDEX in Athnbaacn t. n Mackenzio or District. Acre*. 42,170 1,085 400 l,f)05 45,1(J0 ABORIGINAL TITLK. Vide Indian Title. ALLUTMENI' LISTS, particulars of, 107-IOlt (h.) AMERICAN PLANTATIONS, charters of Viirious, 3, 4 AMOS, MR., hia plan of Rod River, 23, 109 AS8INIB0IA SETTLERS. Vide Red Riveu Settlers, Lord Selkirk, and Hodson'b Bay Co. AS8INIB0IA, extent of, and grant of, to Lord Selkirk, 5, G; App. B. jurisdiction over, reserved by Hudson's Bay Co., 6 conditions attached to grant of, 6 shares of Company's servants in, 6 two meauinga of term " District of," 8 surveys. Vide Scuvbts. management of, by Lord Selkirk's executors, 14 by Hudson's Bay Co., 14 cost of, to Lord Selkirk, 14 re-transferred to Hudson's Bay Co. by executors, lo-19 evidence in regard to date, ib. certificate of peaceable possession of, 18 records of. Vide Records. pland of, 23, 109, 111-117 -rovemor of, acts as Lord Selkirk's agent, 43 council of, recognizes squatters and casual occupiers, 66 transfer of land. Vide Land. BALSILLIE, JOHN, evidence as to Register B, 08, 69 missing Selldrk registers, 128, 129 BALTIMORE, LORD flhartcr to Maryland, 3, 4 \ f m 224 INDEX. BANVKUMAX, ALEX. AND WILLIAM. nllotiiuiut of, 23 BOUNDARY. Vide Intkunational Boundaut. B0UUA88A, LOUIS, early Bottler in Athiilmscft, 104 BRITISH COLUMBIA, rifjlits in, of IIuaHnn'H Bay Co., aurrondorod, 219 BRUCR, CHARLES OA8PARD, his grant frf)in Lord 8olkir?dC, 02 BRUCE, JOHN, Ilia Iciwo from Hndnon's Bay Co., and remarks on, 71-75 BRYDQES, LAND COMMISSIONER, ovidtsnoo aa to gales in Rod River, 61) BULCJEIt, GOVERNOR ANURIJW, rt inovos French Canadians to Forks, 28 arrives at Red River, and acta us Lord Selkirk's agent, 43 Ills authority from oxecutors, 43 his power of attorney, 43 his pajwrs at Ottawa, 43 (»».), 109 agreements with Swiss settlers, 00, 02 corrospoudenco with Bishop Provonoher, 62 Chief Factor Clarke regarding retired eorvants, Hudson's Bay Co., 110, HI BURBIDGE, MR., opinion on Assiuiboia tenures, 87 BURGESS, MR. A. M., his errors in regard to Red River tenures, 86, 87 CALDWELL, LIEUT. COL., GOVERNOR OF A8SINIB0IA, comes to Fort Garry with iMjnsionors, 75 evidence on grants to pensijners, 76, 77 leaves Fort Gurry, 76 Hudson's Bay Co.'a grant to, 81 CAMERON, DUNCAN, notice to quit Forks sent by Governor McDonnell, 10 CANADA, GOVERNME^JT OF, mistakes made by, in grants in Assiuiboia, 2, 22, 83, 84-90 f xtinction of Indian title, !4, 94, 97-102 acquisition of Ruport'rf Land by, 19, 84 confirms Hudson's Bay Co.'s titles, 84-89 deals with hay privileges of settlers, 90 -^-?, grants lands to " original white " settlers, 17, 103 "staked claims," consideration, and oreatual recognition of, 105-10^ loss of old plans by, 112 CANADIAN SiaONORAL RIGHTS not introduced in Red River, 62 Md^'" &. INDEX. 225 m'a Bay Co., i. >-im I CANADIANH. Vlilc Phencii Oanadianh. OARRIERE V. DAONON, land CUHO triod r.t Fort Oiirry, OtI CERTIFICATES OF 8ETTLEUS granted by Lord Solklrk'H agonts, tS-.H nature, and roooptioii in ovidonoo, 50, 51 granted by llndson's IJay Co., and form of, 70 CHARLES II. grunt to Lord Hultimoro, U CHELSEA HOSPITAL, out-ponsionurH of. Vide Pensioners. CHETLAIN, GENERAL A. L., particulars concerning Swiss bottlers, 29 (».) CLARKE, CHIEF FACTOR, in charge of retired servants of Hudson's Bay Co., 1 10 correspondonco with Governor Bulger, 110 COLONISTS. Fa> Red Riveu Setti.ebs. COLTMAN, COMHISSIONER, at Red River, 10, 109 COLVILE, ANDREW, executor of Lord Selkirk, 43 CONNECTICUT, plantation or colony of, 3, 4 COUNCIL OF A8SINIB0IA recognizes sqnattcrs and occupiers, 06 mintitos of the, 1 17 DEEDS OF SETTLERS, Professor Hind's unsuccessful search for, 32 no formal conveyance given ^-onerally, 33, 65, 131, 132 registration of, 33 rostriotive olauses not enforced, 65 J. H. McTavish's unsuccessful search, 68 DE MEURON, WATTEVILLE, AND GLENG v arrival at Rud River, and settlement of, 25, 27, ' many leave, 31, 32 DE MEURON, LIEUT.-COL., THE COUNT, his regiment, 25 DENNIS, MR. J. S., remarks or. Assiniboia surveys, 107 work of Colonel Dennis, 115, 116 DUMAS, MICHEL, , , r, r< r. his agreement for sale with Hudson a Bay Co., b. FENCIBLES, 220 INDEX. uuMoi'LiN, ui:v. 8i^:vkitK, mrivul lit lU'il Itivcr, V»7, :<8 [* » EIJ.ICK, M.P., ItKJIIT HON. EDWARD, ovidoiiou on iiurohnw! by IIuiIhou'm Uivy (Jo, from Lonl Bulkirk, 10 ENOI-ISH COLONISTS IN AMERICA, tliuir luotliod of ilealiiig with Iniliiui tillo, 04-08 FAUCHE, T.IETTT. O. A.. ti'Htiiiiony UH to f^raiitH by Lord Solklrk, 25 FEE SIMPLE, ESTATES IN. Vide TKxrnE. FERTILE BELT, rcBoi'Vtttion of, by Iludaon's Bfty Co., 20 FIDLER, MR. PETER. Hnivoy of Rt-d Rivor, 11, 2S, 108, 108 (n.), 109 Boino of IiiH bookH found in VViniiiiiog, 130 (ti.) letter from Ak'X. Lean, 213 FORKS OF RED RIVER, THE. centre of district of Auttiniboiu, 8 pohsession of Assiniljoiu given (»t, 18 removal of French riiuadiunti to, 28 FORT DAER. Vide Pembina. ubandonmcnt of, 8, 28 FORT DOUGLAS, ceremonies at, 8 lORT GARRY, old documontB hiddin in well of, 130 onMllcd pcndionors of. Vide Pensioners. F0S9, CAPTAIN, owtii) lot at Armstrong's Point, 81 FOST'^iR, J., lii<3 ccriiflcato tor lund, lil "FREE MEN" uf PEMBINA, proposed removal to that river, 105 (w.) FLKNCH CANADIANS, arrival at Red River, at I location, 27, 28 grants to, 43 FROG PLAIN, lots laid out to, 11 OATIEN, MICHAEL, lot i\t Red Rivor, C3 GENERAL QUARTERLY COURT, records of tiio, 118 ViS-'-JuK-^fei'lt/'- ,10 01 INDEX. pluutntioii or colony of, 8, 5 OKUMAN CHKKK, now tlic Huino Hivcr, '27 GOULKT AND HAIIINK Burvt-rt Gurry witli pensioners, 77 gets grant of ArmBtrfJiig's Poiut, 81 HILLIER, WILLIAM, actions at Red Rivor, 8, 18 HIND, PROEESSOIl, vi«it to Red River, und aenrch for title deeds, 32 227 228 INDKX. k lirnHON'H HAY COMrANY. Ittit of Kft'ttl unoiuut cuut|iautoB, 1 Undr, I, 'i ohurtor, '2-ff, A|ip. A inou<)|H>ly (>r tnulii invalid, 9 grant of AMinilmin, A, App. R., 124 roRorvKtinn of Jnrinliction, «l itliuruH of ii(!rvitt)lii in lumlH, (1 gmntH (iiitiii(lt> AMMlnilHiiik, 8 conU'«t witii Nortli-W.mt Co., 1>, 10 iniuiugfMUi'nt of AitiiiriilKtiu for honl Sttlltir!;, II roHiimption of |M>Hii«Miiioii of AiiNinil)oiit, 15-11) dooil of mirri'ndor to p. (J. trauMfor of Riipcrt'a Land. Kiilc; Ri prut'i* I. rotirwl HorvanU of, mittlu nt Kud Rivrr, !tO, 88-8(1, 1 10, 1 1 1 ooidition with Nortli-Wont Co., 30, App. P. formi nf (Icont for Mtlu with M. Diiniitii, 0'.) cortifloutes for liind Rriintod hy, 70 pcnBionorB lont to Fort Oiirry. Vide PKNHiONEiiri. grnntH frooluilds to pt^nBioncra, 79 rooognizi'B Lonl Holkirk'H tltloH, H4 titles conflnnc., nml uvUIoucm, niA(toiinl Uamlnry, 2H MANITOUA, prlrouKcnituru in. prior to trniurur, I, % MANITOUA ACT. TIIK. titha iimlvr, 'i2, Hi-W) pn>viainni for ostlnfrniiihiiiK Iixllitii title. OV MAUYIAND. plKiiliitiiiii or o«)lony of, H-S MAHHA(;miH8KTH BAY, |iliiiitntic)ii of. M MATTHKY, CAPTAIN. «nffiiK(^H 20 Wntti'V>l!«)« for Lonl Holkirlt. 2ti MAY, COLONKL, ngrooiiiont with HwIm inttlurH, 211 McIlKATII, ALEXANDER, ftllotmont of, 2H MoVFMMOT V. FANYANT. Iiiiiil coHo trli'd at Fort (lurry, 07 M.DONNEliL, OOVEUNOIt MILES, uppoiiitmttnt uiid pnx^oi'din^it itt Uo, ■■■ III 140 |20 HA 1 1.25 1 1.4 1^ •< 6" ► ^% y 7 , ..^ <^ vV'^ 7 PhotDgra{diic Sciences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 145S0 (716) 872-4503 282 INDEX. 'Ml PENSIONERS OP FORT Q AlUiY— continued. lota bogan oIobo to Fort Oiirry, 80 orror of Oovcrnniont in regard to, 71), 80 (^vitlonco of Ooorgo U. Turner, 80, 81 Burvoy made by W. (}. Smith, 80 Ciiarlcs Stodgoll, lot No. 1 ..80 John Eagan, lot No. 2.. 80 George Turner, lot No. 11 ..81 Col. CtildwoU's grunt of Armstrong's Point, 81 Capt. Fobs gets the Point, 81 Capt. Hill gets the Point, 81 Thomas Picksloy's lot, 81 Josoph Robillard's lot, 81 Mrs. John Ounn's evidence, 81 Hudson's Bay Co.'s scheme of Bub-division, 81-83, App. M. width of lots, 82 Mr. Whitcher's plan of lots, 82, 8;} Qovernmcnt erroneously treats grants as leaseholds, 83 PLANTATIONS, British in America, 8 POINT DOUGLAS, survey and settlement of, 2G, 110 PRINCE REGENT, THE, petition of settlers to, App. F. proclamation of, 10 PRIVY COUNCIL, JUDICIAL COMMITTEE OP, on Indian title, 98, 99 PROVENCHER, REV. J. N. (BISHOP), arrival at Red River, 27, 38 correspondence with Governor Bulger, 02 Governor Pelly regarding R. C. establishment at Rat River (n.), 105 PROVIDENCE, plantation of, 3 i i: QUEEN, THE, surrender of Rupert's Land to, by Hudson's Bay Co., 30, Ajip. Q. RAT RIVER, note on early settlement of, 105 (n.) "stiikcd claims" on, 105, 106 RECORDS OF ASSINfBOIA, Register A, 7 («.), 125-127 destination of, 21, 23, 117 parchment agreement with Lord Selkirk, 29 search for, Professor Hind, 32 system of recording grants in Register, 33 Register of Hudson's Bay Co. produced in court, f)7 agreement witii Indians produced in court, 07 INDEX. 233 n.), 105 REC0UD9 OP AmimnOlX— continued. cvidt.rioo of J. 11. MoTaviHh (v« to rogiHtor, G8, 69, 120 Nttthaniol Lopan compilofl RcgiMtor U, fiS, 118 evidence of Jolin BalBillio as to ugo of llegintor B, 69 RogUter B, 118, 119, 123, 124 entrioH in RoglBtor B, re Selkirk's grants, 83, 119-125 Register B shows Taylor's survey, 114 minutes of Council of Assiniboiu, 124 records of General Quarterly Court, 118 old register prior to B, 121-123 Huilson's Bay Co. donioa existence of old vols., 121 discovery of old registers, and description of, 122 comparison with Register B, 123, 124 opinion of Wood, C.J,, on value of Ilogistor B, 123, 124 meaning of terra " acres granted," 124 statutory copy of Register B, 124 Lord S(!lkirk'8 missing registers, evidence as to, 128, 129 search of autiior for, 128, 130 culpable negligence of Hudson's Bay Co., 129, 130 old documents concealed in Fort Garry well, 130 RED RIVER SETTLEMENT. Vide Assiniboia. RED RIVER SETTLERS, mistakes in their patents, 2 allotmcuis to, 9, 10, 11, 22 meeting and agreement with Lord Selkirk, 10, 11 extent of allotments, and wood lots, 11, 22, 23, 24, 25 " original white," 17, 103 some Scotch desert Red River, 24 (n.) various classes of settlers, 2.5-31 nature of their tenures. Vide Tenures, and passim. numbers of Scotch, 24 (n.) Do Meuron, Watteville, and Glengarry, 25-27, 31, 32 French Canadians, 27, 28 some become U.S. citizens, 28 Swiss, 29, 30, 60, 61 looutiouof, in 1822..30 leases to, by executors of Lord Selkirk, 52 peculiar covenants in leases, 56-59 tenures under Lord Selkirk, summary ns to, 63, 64 sixth and final class of pensioners, 75, et seq. titles from Lord Selkirk, recognized by Hudson's Bay Co., 83 confirmed by Canada, 84, 85 present policy of Canada in issuing patents to, 88 Crown patent in certain cases superfluous, 90 hay privileges of, 90-92 summary as to tenures of, under Hudson's Bay Co., 92, 93 no grants from Hudson's Bay Co. back of rivers, 99 contrasted with later " original white " settlers, 103 " staked claims " along Rat, Seine, and La Salle Rivers, 105-lOG bogus claims along Rat, Seine, and La Salle Rivers, 106 I 234 INDEX. UED RIVER SETTLERR— fo/i/inwe//. ovcntiml rwoKiiltion l>y (Jiiimdu, lOO curly Roiimii CuMiolio Htittloinnnt at Hut River, lOS (n.) petition of, to Prinoo UoK«nt» App. F. UEOIHTERS OF COLONY. Vidn REConi)fl. RETIRED SERVANTS OF HUD.SON'S BAY CO.. 30,81,31-86, llO, III title (lueda of, and rcgiittriitinn, 1(2, ;(3 cortiflciitcB (granted to, by Selkirk, aud foriu of, 48-Sl RHODE ISLAND, pluntution of, 3 ROBINSON, MR. THOMAS, luiidH dootiinont, 49 ROBINSON, MR. W. J., lends dooumont, 70 ROMAN CATHOLIC MISSION, grunt in fee from Lord Selkirk, 36-43 Cauiidinu Beignorul tenures not in force in, 62 RUPERT'S LAND, numo of, 3 tenure of, 4 transfer to Cuniula, 2, 14, 19, 99, App. Q, SABINE AND GOULET surveys ut Red River, 107 8ANDIS0N, (iEORQE, his certificate for lot, 60 8ANDIS0N, JAMES, his certificate for lot, 49 SCARTH'S WIDOW, JOHN, her certificate for lot, .'50 SEDGWICK, MR., opinion on Assiniboia tenure:), 88 SEINE RIVER, " stahijil claims" on, 105, 106 SELKIRK, LORD. "Silver Chief," known to Indians as, 13 his settlers at Red River, 1 grant of Assiniboia, 5, App. B., 125 conditions attached t(>, 6 shares of Company's servants in, 6 prospectus of Colony, 9 sales on leases to settlers, 9, 22, 23, el seq. visit to Red River, and grants to 8ottlcrn, 10, 11, 12, 2.") treaty with ludiuns, 12, 13, 14, 67, 94, 125 death of, 14, 31 INDKX. 23." BKLKIRK, LOUD—cmtinned ruaiiiif^omunt of uatatfl tiy uxociitorH, 1 ( cnst itf HoUli'mont to, 14 n^prisiilu on North-WciHt Co., at Fort William, 20 flniil ^'ratita to HottlcrH, !)l Kraiit ill fee to Uomaii Catholic MiHaion, 36-4U m^i'Mt at Uoil lUvor, 4;J coiivtiyunoo of Fort UouKlas to H. Lo^jaii, 40, 47 ooriiflcuto to W. U. Wmith, 48 Kilward Wood, 49 JaiiiO!) HatidiBoti, 49 (Kortjo HandiMon, 50 John Hcarth'H widow, 50 lonsog to BittlcTH, 52-59 graut to ChriHtiaii Ilicknor, CI NioholuH IlnufTinaii, (il Higismund Flotron, -100 bnguH operutioMH of claimanto, 100 Holonion Veiino, 100 recugnizod eventually by Caniula, 100 HTATUTES OF FRATDH AND OF ENROLMENTS not in force in Aaitiniboia, 48 HT. JOHN'S CATHEDRAL, fiituation of, 11 SUPREME COURT OP CANADA, On Inilian title, 97-09 SURRENDER OF RUPERT'S LAND. Vide Riiert'b Land. SURVEY OF ASSINIHOIA, running; lineti, 1813. .9 Fidltr'B, 11, 108 of Point DougliiB, 20 Mr. Dennis' renaarkson, 107 Lord Silkirk directed first, 108 comnienpcmont of, 108 Amos' plan of, 109 of Point Douglas, 1 10 luta of retired sorTauts, 110, HI Mr. Kemp's survey, 110, 114, 110 Governor BulRor on Mr. Kemp, 111, 112 Mr. James Taylor's evidence as to old plans of surveys, 112, 113 removal of plans to Ottawa, 112 loss of plans by Department, 112, 113 Mr. Roger Goulot's evidence, 113 Mr. Georgo Taylor's survey, 114, 115 original plan lost, ropy preserved, 114, 115 work of Col. Dunniu' partv, 115, 116 "Surveyor's RefKirts of Parishes" at Winnipeg, 110 plan of sottloment at Forks, 110, 117 SUTHERLAND, ALEXANDER, allotment of, 23 SWISS SETTLERS, remain at Pembina in United States, 28 arrival and settlement at Rod River, 29-30 abandonment of, for United States, 30, 31 purcLase land from Selkirk, 00-02 . ..wg ffwr* := a iWh INDEX. TACIIK, ALEXANDER, AllCnUlSUOP OF ST. DONIFACK, louiU doutiiiiDntii, i'i, 70 TAYLOU, Mil. OKOROE, hi» Hiirviy of Rud Itivir, 112-116 TAYLOR, CHIEF JUSTICE, roiiiarkH on Rogiator I), 124 TAYLOR, MR. JAMES, pft|ii'r on Selkirk grant, 7 docunionta in iioBscBHion of, 31, -19 evidenoo aa to old planH, 112, 113 TEilVhKTON V. 8TEWAUT, Buit ullbcting Rod River liiiidB, 80 (n.), 88, 80, App. N. TENURES OF A88INIHOIA, pa«»im, mistttkos in, 2, 22, 8:», 84, DO oonlirmatlon of, by (;anftliuitiition of, n, 4 WATT. .lOHEPII. lot .it U(<laiiii* to liiml* in, WINTZEL, AI.EXANlJiJR, Rrant from lionl Holkirk, 71-73 (n.) wo(U), ciriKP .rrsTicR, oiilnion on AnHinilK)ift tnniirot, 80, 87 Rogistor U, 12:), 121 LONDON: PRINTKU BY WILLIAM CLOWEH AND SONH, LIMIT KD, BTAHrOBD ylBUKT AMD CHABINO U U088. l^ I cPy