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3n JTTemoriam. 
 
 George Etienne Cartier. 
 
G. W. WICKSTEED. 
 
 ^^ Me was my friend, faithful and just to me. 
 
 '» 
 
 / 
 
 TO 
 
 THE SPEAKER, MEMBERS AND OFFICERS 
 
 OF 
 
 THE HOUSE OF COMMONS OF CANADA 
 
 This Memorial 
 
 r 
 
 IS LOVINGLY INSCRIBED BY 
 
 Their oldest Servant and fellow Servant 
 
 fr 
 
 \'. 
 
 
A 
 
 I 
 
 SIR GEORGE C ARTIER AJS/D THE 
 CIVIL CODE. 
 
 Canada Law Journal, 1 April, 1885. 
 
 We have been reminded pleasantly, but a 
 little reproachfully, that our columns have 
 never contained a tribute to the memory of the 
 late Sir George Cartier, an eminent statesman 
 and lawyer, under whose auspices, as Attorney- 
 General for Lower Canada, the Civil Code of 
 that Province— the first work of the kind ever 
 attempted in Canada— was projected, drafted, 
 and brought into force as law in 1866. A lawyer 
 who loved his profession and its professors, and 
 its supporters too, for his favourite toast at a 
 Bar dinner was ''The Client," adding a few 
 words in praise of that always welcome per- 
 sonage. We are going to try to remedy this 
 omission in our present number by the inser- 
 tion of two articles, the first by a hand which 
 will not be suspected of flattery, and the other 
 by an old and valued contributor of ours, a lover 
 of our deceased brother in the law, the most 
 English of French-Canadians, an Englishmaa 
 speaking French. ^ s 
 
 Ar'e.'^'B.o 
 
^BB 
 
 The first extract, taken from a recent issue 
 of The Week, is as follows : — 
 
 Sir George Caitier, whose statue was unveiled the 
 other day by his old friend and colleague Sir John 
 Macdonald, may be classed among the hest representative 
 French Canadians. More perhaps than any other of our 
 public men he combined in his own person the theoretical 
 and the practical Reformer. In his career were seen 
 strong marks of the rude transition from the oligarchical 
 to the ctmstitutional system. Against the former atari 
 age when the blood is hot and wisdom young he fought 
 at St Denis, where dicipline prevailed over ill -armed 
 enthusiasm, and lie found refuge in exile with a price upon 
 bis head. The belief was for some time general that in 
 his attempt to escape he had perished miserably in the 
 woods. Exile did not sour his temper, and when, the 
 4storm having blown over, he returned, no one was jealous 
 of the undistinguished j'-oung advocate, who was only 
 known for the hair-brained adventure in which he had 
 taken part, and in which nothing but defeat had ever been 
 possible ; and no one in his wildest dreams saw in the 
 returned exile the future Premier, no one had any interest 
 in curbing his ambition and holding him back. Cartier 
 did not, like Papineau, in 1848 look to France for a 
 model ; he accepted in good faith the new Constitution, 
 and determined to make the best of it. The redeeming 
 point in the Conquest of 1760 was, in his estimation, that 
 it saved Canada from the misery and the infamies of the 
 French Revolution. Though he bore his part in carrying 
 the leading measures of his time, Cartier 's best monument 
 
 'k 
 
 <i 
 
1^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 is to be found in the Code of Civil Law and the Code of 
 Procedure : a code common to the wh')le country whs an 
 achievement impossible to our public men. In the first 
 he 8a\7 the individuality and tlie nationality of his race 
 and his Province. He used to say, half in jest and half 
 in earnest, though he could not seriously have believed 
 the prediction, that Ontario would one diy borrow the 
 civil code from htT French neij^hbour. A French-speaUinp: 
 Englishman, as he would on occasion call himself, he 
 settled in favour of his race the long-contested question 
 of which law should prevail in the Eastern Townshii)S, 
 French or English, with the result that the B'rench popu- 
 lation which was before gaining ground, bids fair entirely 
 to swamp the English in a region where Lord John RusseU 
 thought it desirable to build up a rampart of English 
 colonists between the French settlements and the Ameri- 
 can frontier ; a project founded on a state of things which 
 has entirely passed away. Judicial decentralization in 
 Quebec was one of Cartier's most difficult achievements ; 
 the local opposition aroused by divi<ling the Province 
 into nineteen new judicial districts being ot the most 
 formidable nature. When in 1857 he succeeded Dr. 
 Tache as leader of the Conservatives of Lower Canada, 
 Cartier breaking through the narrow limits of party, took 
 two Liberals, M. 8icotte and M. Belleau, into the Cabi- 
 net, and made overtures toM. Dorion which the Liberal 
 Chief was not able to accept. On the Lygons Militia Bill 
 his immediate followers, yielding to vague fears among- 
 their constituents of the conscription, not leps than the 
 great increase of expense, deserted in numbers, leaving 
 him with only a small minority at his back. A good 
 
Catholic, lie had yet the courage to defend the rights of 
 the State against the encroachments of Bishop Bourget» 
 at a time when the Bishop's influence was omnipotent; 
 an act of duty which cost him his seat for Montreal. He saw 
 the beginning and the end of the Legislative Uniou which 
 he cordially accepted and assisted in working, and which 
 when it had served its purpose he was among the first to 
 assist in superseding by the Confederation. Whatever 
 success he attained was due in a large measure to hard 
 labour and perseverance ; for the first fifteen years of his 
 public life h-.i was, when not disturbed, as he was often, 
 chained to his desk fifteen hours a day ; and for thirty 
 years fancied that to get through his tjisk must he labour 
 seven days a week. 
 
 The other article appeared as a letter in an 
 
 Ottawa paper some weeks since : — 
 
 Two Ministers, who had been his colleagues and knew 
 him well, spoke at the unveiling of the statue of the late 
 Sir George Cartier, and eloquently and lovingly eulogized 
 his qualities as a statesman and the great services he ren- 
 dered to our country ; and he deserved their praise, for 
 no man ever worked more eaernestly and impartially for 
 the welfare of Canada and of Canadians of every race and 
 creed. Here in Ottawa he will be long remembered for 
 his kindly geniality ; and very many of our citizens and 
 visitors will recollect the pleasent evenings spent at his 
 house on Metcalfe street, when arranging his guests in 
 make-believe canoes, with make-believe paddles in their 
 hands, he would sing and make them join in his favourite 
 hoatsong, with the refrain of which Sir John, in conclu- 
 
 ^'4 
 
^ 
 
 ding his speech, so happily apostrophised his old friend 
 and colleague. I feel sure that they, and all who knew 
 Sir George, will join Sir John in saying from their hearts 
 as I do — 
 
 " II y a longtemps que je t'aime, 
 
 Jamais je ne t'oublierai." 
 
 Not through the statue which hi« country's love 
 Hath to his honour raised, but through the deeds 
 And qualities which won that love, shall he, 
 The patriot whom we mourn, forever live 
 In true Canadian hearts of every race. 
 And chiefly through his strong steadfast v/ill 
 That difference of race, or creed, or tongue, 
 Should^not divide Canadians, hut that all 
 Should be one people striving for one end. 
 The common good ot all. flis countitjr stretched 
 From Louisbourg to far Vancouvur's Isle, 
 And claimed and had his patriot love and care. 
 And thus he won a high and honoured place 
 Among the Morthiest of his name and race. 
 
 G. W. W. 
 
SJIi GEORGE CABTIER ET LE 
 CODE CIVIL. 
 
 Du Canada Law J uurnol, I Avril, 1885. 
 
 On nous a repmclie, en ternfos fort ainmbles 
 du reste, quo notie jouiMial n'avait jamais con- 
 tribue sa part d'eloges a la memoii-c do Sir 
 Goorge Cartier, un do nos premiers horn men 
 d'etat canadions, et I'avoeat distingue, qui, 
 comme Procureur (ienerai j)our lo Bas Canada, 
 con^Uo le projct unique dans rotro pays, de 
 codifier les iois de sa Province ; il fit executer ce 
 projet et le coc . civil fut mU en vigueur on 1866. 
 
 Avocat, il aima sa profession et cberit ses 
 ade])tes, sans perdre do vuo ses clients, dont il 
 n'oubliait jamais de proposer la sante aux diners 
 du Barreau, ay ant cliaquo fois un bon mot pour 
 ces visiteurs toujours bienvenus. 
 
 Kous allons tacher de reparer cette omission 
 en inserant, dans la presente livraison, deux ar- 
 ticles dont I'un vient do la plume d'unc personne 
 qu'on ne saurait accuser de flatterie, et dont 
 I'autre a pour auteur un de nos collaborateura 
 les plus estimes, ami de notre confrere defunt 
 qui fut le plus anglais de nos Canadiens-frangais. 
 un Anglais parlant le fran^ais. 
 
 ...^ J*E 
 
10 
 
 !: 
 
 Le premier extrnit emprimte a un recent 
 
 numero du journa? '' The Week'' se lit comme 
 suit : 
 
 " Sir George Cartier dont la statue k etc inauguree 
 dernieremcnl, par son ancien ami et collogue Sir John A. 
 Macdonald, doit figurer an premier rang des Canadiens- 
 Francais de la classe dirigeante. La nature a\a:t concen- 
 tre en lui plus que chez tout horn me public de no^re pays, 
 les qualites qui font I'homme de progr^s an double point 
 de vue de la theorie et de la pratique. II a vu dans sa 
 carriere la brusque transition du i^gne de Toligarchic au 
 regime co.istitutionnel ; a I'Age oii le sang vif I'emporte 
 sur la sagcs-^e naissasinte, il combattit la premiere k St. 
 Denis, ou la dicipiine eut beau jeu de i'enthousiasme 
 sausarraes, et il dut derober dans I'exi' sa t^te mise i\ 
 prix. On crut partout, pendant quelque temps, que dans sa 
 Aiiteiletaitmortdemiseredans la foret. L'exiielui laissa 
 sa bonne humeur, et lorsqu'il revintau pays apres les maa- 
 vais jours, personne ne prit ombrage de I'obscur avonat 
 connu settlement a cause de la folle equipee a laquelie 11 
 avait prit part et qui devait fatalement aboutir k la defaite ; 
 personne no vit dans I'exiie revenu au domicile le futur 
 premier Ministre ; nui n'eut latere t, t\ mettre un frein a 
 son ambition, et k le retenir k I'arriere plan. II se garda 
 bien eu 1848, de faire comme Papineau et de chercher son 
 id6al de gouvernement en France ; il a.ccepta de bonne foi 
 la nouvellA oonsfitution, determine k en tirer le meilleur 
 parti possible. Ce qui rachetait t\ ses yeux, la conqu^te 
 de 1760, e'est qu'elle avait soustrait le Canada k la misere 
 -et aux infamies de !a revolution ffan(?aise. Bien qu'il ait 
 
 '■.m^-^ 
 
 
 I 'I 
 
11 
 
 k 
 
 V 
 
 oontribiie lari,^ement a 1' elaboration des principales lois 
 du pays, le code civil et le code de procedure, constituent 
 i'^uvre monumentaie a laquelle son nom s'attache tout 
 specialement. Nos homines publics n'auraient pu faire ac- 
 cepter un code de lois communes t\toutle pays. Ii vitdans 
 le premier I'individualito et la nationalite de sa race etde 
 sa Province. 11 avait coutume de dire, moitie serieux. moi- 
 tic sonviant, bien qu'il n'ait pu serieusement ajouter foi h 
 sa prediction, qu'un jour viendrait oil la province d'Ontario 
 ^mprunterait le code civil i ses voisins fran(?ais. 
 
 » Je suis un Anglais, qui parle le fran^ais," dis»it-il sou- 
 vent ; et 11 regla en faveur des lois franc^aises la difficulte 
 pendante depuis longtemps de savoir qu'elles lois prevau- 
 draient dans les cantons de I'Est, oil celies de ranoienne 
 Franr . u celies d'Angleterro : gruce acela, la population 
 fran^aise qui gagnait du terrain de ce cc<^^e, menace au- 
 jor.rd'hui de noyer les Anghi'sdans une partie du pays oii 
 Lord John Russell crut qu'il etait de boim ; politique, de 
 bjUir comme un rcrapart dc colons anglais untrii la fron- 
 tiere americaine et les etablissemeuts fian(;ais ; projet 
 congu sur un etat de choses qui a completement dispuru. 
 
 Un des haut? faits de Cartier et qui lui suscita la plus 
 violente oppostion, fut la decentralisation jndiciaire qui 
 <livisaitla province en 19 nonveaux dictricts. En 1857> 
 il rempla(;a Le Dr. Tache comme chef des conservateurs, 
 ^t s'affranchissant des liens etroits des doctrines de parti, 
 il fxt entrer dans Ic cabinet deux liboraux MM. S'jotte 
 at Beileau, et offrit u M. Dorionun portofeuille que le chef 
 liberal ne put accepter Lorsque vint le bill Lysons sur 
 la milice, ses amis ressentfint le contre-coup du mccon- 
 tentement que la perspective de la conscription et d'uu 
 
■'•""■•■ 'riTT 
 
 12 
 
 surcroit considerable do depense^ soiilevait parmi le 
 peuple, I'abandonncrent ne Jaissant u sa suite qu'une 
 faible minorite. Oatholiqiie convaincu, il eut le courage 
 de defendre ies droits de I'etat contre les enipietements 
 del'eveque Bourget, dans im temps ou I'lDfluence de 
 I'eveque etait supreme ; cet accomplissement de son 
 devoir lui val-t la perte de son election a Montr^^al. 
 
 II vit le commencement et la fin de PUnion legislative 
 qii'il avait cordialement acceptee et qu'ii continua a faire 
 fonctionner jusqu'au jour oil voyant que ce regime avait 
 rempli son but, ii fut des premiers a le taire remplacer 
 par la confederation. Ce n'est q^^'a force de perseverance et 
 de travail qu'il est arrive an succ6s. Pendant ^es quinze 
 premieres anuues de sa vie publique, il travailiait, en 
 moyenne, quinze heures par jour lorsqu'il n'etait'pas 
 derange, comme cela anivait souvent, et pendant (rente 
 ans de sa vie, il s'est imagine que pour faire face anx exi- 
 geances de sa position, il devait travail ler sept jours par 
 semainc." 
 
 L'autro article ii ete publie, il y a quelque 
 temps, sous forme de lettre lans lui journal 
 d'Ottawa :— 
 
 "A Pinauguration de la Statue de Sir George Gartier 
 deux ministres, ses collogues d'aiitrefois, firent Peloge de 
 ses qualites d'homme d'etat en termes auesi affectueux 
 qu'eloquents, en signalant les grands service qu'il a ren- 
 dus a son pays. Ces eloges etaient merites, car nul n'a tra- 
 vaile avec plus j sincerite h assurer le bien-etre du 
 Canada et des C ladiens de toutes origines et de toute 
 croyance. 
 
 '■>''• 
 
13 
 
 . 
 
 lei i\ Ottawa, on se rappellem longtemps son urba- 
 nite ; une fonle de nos concitoyens et d'etranger.s se 
 souviendront encore longtemps des soirees si agreables 
 passees dans sa maison sur la rue Metcalfe. 11 leur semble 
 encore revoir Sir George installant ses invites dans 
 des canots imaginaires, leiu- donner ordre de jouer de 
 I'aviron, en chantant avec eux les chansons de nos bnte- 
 Ii«rs ; il leur semble entendre encore le refrain que Sir 
 John repetait ii la fin de son discours avec tant d'appropos 
 en s'adressant k son ancien ami; etje suis certain que 
 tons ceux qui ont connu Sir George, s'uniront u Sir John 
 et diront comme moi du fond de leur ccour : 
 " II y u longtemps que je t aime, 
 Jamais je ne t'oubl'erai." 
 Ce n'est pas la Statue que I'affcction de ses concityens 
 a elevee a sa gloire, mais ses actions et ses nobles qualitcs, 
 cause de cette affection, qui feront vivre dans le coeur de 
 nos Canadiens des differentes origines, le souvenir du 
 patriote que nous pleurons encore. II voulait que les 
 questions de race, de religion et de laugue cessent de 
 diviser les Canadiens decides k travailler desormais de 
 concert au bien commun. Sa patrie, qu'il vit s'etondre 
 de Louisbourg a la terre lointaine de I'lle Vancouver, eut 
 tout son affection, toute sa solicitude ; c'est ainsi qu'il 
 s'est conquis parmis les plus valeureux de son nom et de 
 sa race, une place elevee et honoree." 
 
14 
 
 LA STATUE BE CAETIER. 
 
 Yoyez, dans ce bronze fidele, 
 Fait pour triompher des autans» 
 Celui qui servait de modele 
 Aux patriotes de son temps ! 
 II reparait, superbe dans sa force, 
 Dressant un front qui n'a jamais plie. 
 Coeur genereux, " chene a la rude ecorce." 
 Le Canadien ne I'a pas oublie, 
 Ne I'a pas oublie ! 
 
 Yenu de I'epoque lointaine 
 Ou I'intrigue opprimait le droit, 
 Get heritier de Lafontaine 
 Nous affranchit d'un joug etroit. 
 
 Grand ouvrier dans la t^che commune, 
 
 Avec ardeur il a sacrifie 
 
 Sante, repos, et bonheur et fortune. 
 
 Le Canadien ne I'a pas oublie, 
 Ne I'a pas oublie! 
 
15 
 
 C ARTIE R'S STATUE. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Here in enduring bronze 
 Proof against time and storm, 
 Stands he, '' the mark and glass '' 
 Ofpatriotsof his time: 
 A head to frame his country's laws, 
 A brow that never blanched with fear, 
 A generous man,— a '' rough barked oak." 
 Whom Canada has not forgot. 
 Will not forget! 
 
 Born in that long past time 
 When intrigue baffled right ; 
 True heir of Lafontaine 
 He broke our galling j'oke. 
 
 Brave toiler for the common good. 
 
 Without regret he sacrificed 
 
 Health, pleasure, fortune, rest. 
 
 Him Canada has not forgot, 
 Will not forget 1 
 
It 
 
 Le sonei de la politique 
 N'altora jamais sa ga'ite, 
 Souv^ent la verve poetique 
 Chez lui brillait en liberfe. 
 
 Et, bout en train, type de Jean-Baptiste, 
 
 Conime il chantait I'amour et I'amitie ! 
 
 L'humble couplet nous revele un artiste. 
 
 Le Canadien ne I'a pas oublie, 
 Ne I'a pas oublie ! 
 
 Pres des souvenirs que j'honore, 
 Son image est dans ma maison ; 
 II convient d'applaudir encore 
 Son esjDrit ferme et sa raigon. 
 
 A la jeunesso il enseigne Thistoire, 
 
 Car son destin fut le plus envie. 
 
 Nous I'avons mis au temple de m^moire. 
 
 Le Can ad i en ne I'a pas oublie, 
 Ne I'a pas oublie ! v 
 
 Benjamin Sulte. 
 
 Ottawa, Janvier, 1885. 
 
 (,, 
 
17 
 
 The wearing cares of state 
 
 Checked not his gaiety ; 
 
 His pleasant strains of verse 
 
 Flowed often bright and free. 
 And once set off, true type of Jean-Baptiste, 
 How well he sang of love and friendship's 
 
 [charm; 
 His modest rh^^mes the artist's skill reveal, 
 
 Whom Canada has not forgot, 
 Will not forget ! 
 
 ' Mid treasures highest prized, 
 
 His portrait decks my home ; 
 
 Good is it that we love to praise 
 
 His steadfast will, by reason ruled. 
 His story teaches virtue to our youth, 
 For his the path that all should strive to 
 
 [tread : 
 In memory's temple still he lives enshrined. 
 
 Him Canada has not forgot, 
 
 Will not forget ! 
 
 G. W. W. 
 
18 
 
 H 
 
 NATIONAL ANTHEM, 
 
 " Shall not. thou und I, Kate, between St Denis and 
 St. George, compound a boy half French, half English 
 that shall go to Constantinople and take the Turk by the 
 beard ?— " ^ 
 
 **That Englishmen may French, French Englishmen, 
 " Keceive as brethren, —God speak this Amen. 
 
 Shakapeare, Henry F., Act. 5. 
 
 God save the land we love, 
 Shower blessings from above 
 
 On Canada. 
 Let her fair fame extend, ^ 
 
 Her progress never end, 
 
 In her two nations blend, ' 
 ^ Britain and France. 
 
 Each has a glorious name 
 
 High on the roll of Fame;— " * 
 
 Noblesse oblige ; — 
 May we be noble too, 
 
 Nobly to think and do, .,;. 
 All to each other true, 
 
 And to our Queen. 
 
 I 
 
 1 ■•: I 
 
19 
 
 r 
 
 * e 
 
 Fast joined in heart and hand,, 
 Proud of their goodly land, 
 
 And of their Sires,- 
 Let all Canadian? then, 
 Gaul, Gael, or Liitish men, 
 Sing, with a loud Amen, — 
 
 God save the Queen. 
 
 Yive la Eeine. 
 
 Dhia sabhoil a Banr 
 
 •iffh. ) 
 
 Amen. 
 
 I finish with tbe National Anthem from my << Waifs in 
 Verse." It has been praised by Lord Dufferin as "ex- 
 cellent" Sir John has said he would like it to be 
 adopted throughout the Dominion. And it is in the very 
 spirit of Sir George's speeches and life. There are plenty 
 of poems and songs about ''Canada first," and woods 
 and lakes and mountains, and maple leaves and beavers, 
 many of which are very pretty in themselves but want 
 concentration, and are not singable to any time that any 
 body knows. I have tried to avoid these objections ; and 
 trust there is little of the expletive or diffusive in my 
 wording, while my theme is wide'y patriotic, and my 
 tune known and sung or played wherever the British flag 
 flies. There can be no National Anthem but *' God save 
 the Queen" for Her Majesty's Dominion of Canada 
 
 G. W. W.