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HOUSE OF COMMONS, SESSION 1882. OTTAWA; Printed by MacLean, Roger & Co., Wellington Street. 1882. HON, SIR CHARLES TUPPER'S SPEECH ()>; Ttm CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY, HOUSE OF COMMONS, TuEfoDAY, 18th April, l^sij. Sir CHARLES TCPPLR inovcci the .^eoona iciulin^r of r»ill (No. l-ll) to aiUhorizo the coiistrnction on ccrt;iiii con- ditions of tho Canadian Pacific Railway, thj-oiigh pom,- other pa?H than tlio Yellow Head Pa.ss, Ho said: — About a year ago I had tho plea.siiro oC .--ubnuiiirig i\ y Iho con.sidcration of thi.i House a contract for the. construction of tho Canadian Pacitic Railway, and I have now the g'loatcr plea.suro of calling tlie atten- tion of tho Hoiis;c to the results of tho adopdon, by Parlia- ment, of that contract, and of it.s ratilication. The ratification of that contract wa,s made, and letters patent under it avoj'c is-sucd, on tho KJlh February, 1881. 1 may pafeiy say thai tho pvogrei^s inado in thatgi-cat vv-ork from that lirno to thi> ha;? been eminently sat i,- factor v. The most convenient mode in which 1 can malvo a rapid Huvvey of tho work will bo to commence at tho easlci'n end, or tho point termed Callander, at tho eastern end of liako Nipissing, where tb.e contrac;. for the Canadian Pacilic Eailway propoi'ly commences, an(i [ may say that considerable progrcs.s has been made toward.s tho construction of tho iirst section of tho line at that point. It was hoped that tho construction of the Canadian Pacific JJailway, under tho subsidy granted by Parliament, from Pembroke to Callander wonkl havo been completed at an earlier di to, but it has not been found practicable to complete that section at an caHier period than something like tho Ist of July of tho present year, and ii will be readily seen that it would bo very diflicult indeed "oi' the contractors to mako very material progress with tho iirst section until they had obtained easier accos.s by the completion of that which Avas formerly the Canada Central, now a portion of tho Canadian Pacitic Eailway, to that point. Notwithstanding that, I may eay that a careful rc-survej' aiid rcdocati©n of tho lino has enabled tho country to obtain a better lino in up to bocnmo '\ eery rci?i)Oct than was hupposed lt» oxiat \ StM'geon itivcr oi- tlio point whoro tho lino common to tho interior lino, passing away to tho head of Lake Superior or to the branch as it was Avhen proposed from that point to tho Sault St. Mario. Tho papers whieh 1 have just laid on tho Table disclose tho fact that an applica- tion has been made after examination of the subject by the Canadian Pacific liailvvay Company for permission to locate iheir lino from tho point that was common to the Sault S(<;. ".Marie branch, to the north of Lake Superior in the direction of tho Sault Ste. Marie; that that which was formerly re t^ardod as a branch to the Sault Ste. Marie, may, to a lari,^c extent, become a portion ol die trunk line. A careful survey which had been made of tho section from Algoma runnin easterly to connect at tho point whoro the Sault Ste. Marie branch commenced, has shown a very favorable section oi country for tho construction of tho road, with the advant- age that at Algoma Mills connection is made with naviga- tion at tiio waters of Lake ITui'on. Mr. MACKENZIE. I would suggest th;tt the hon. member would state, as he goes along, what particular survey ho refers to. l-'or instance, in 1877, a survey was made on !i<>arlv a direct line from Cantin's U:\v to the mouth of VW I liver. Sir CHARLKS 'fUrTER. Thai is not the survey to which 1 am now referring. lam referring to tho survc.}' and location which was made under the hon. gentleman's Administration, and subsequently re-surveyed under my instructions, from Calla^ider iur about sixty or seventy miles on tho first section of the lino which I call the interior line, running from that point north to the head of Lakv. Siipei'ior ; and although a good deal of care had been taken in reference to that survey, a further examination of the lino with tho view of carrying it Avestvvai'd instead of northward in the dii'ectio.n ol' the Sault Ste. Marie, has resulted in obtaining a very iavora))le lino from Callander to tho crossing of the Sturgeon Iviver, and away on from that to Algonta Mills. For that distance, from Callander to Algoma JMills, a distance of 182 miles, through a favorable country, the most severe grade encountered is ono of tifiy-three feet to tho mile. It is confidently aiiticipatcd that tho Company will be enabled to la}^ track upon lit'iy miles ttiis season we.st of Callaudor, That is tho calculation, and they have already placed under -o..m«,i— .f./,a( is in iho vear lollowinfT {ho yircsent— will ho eomplolo from Ihi^i point to tlio waters of Lake lluri^n at AlLToma .Mills, a jjuint 18- miles west of Callander Station. The sixty miles east oi Alf]^onv\ Mills are unde?' fontrart. ami it 'i^ cxj)eftod ihr track will he laid npon that portion this M-ason, so lliat tli'^ bovcnty.two miles interveiiinL;- botwrcii .Stnri^'con i!ivcr ai.d tho portion now under contract to Al^jjoma Mills will he attacked at hotli ends, atid ho conso'iuuntly coin)>letoJ during the year. The main line, as it is now 'pro])o-c I b\- iho Canadian Pacific JJailway Comj)any, is intended lo run westward from Algoma Mills to within twenty oi' thirty miles fo Sault Ste. ilai-ic, running through a favorahle < ountr}'. They liave made lormal application for this change of location. Tho (iovei-nment have passed an (Jrder in Council, of which I have jiist placed a copy in the hands ot' the leader ol ihe ' )j>posi- tion, agreeing to adoj/i that location lu'ovided it '):■> ibund upon further 8urs^ey that the}^ are al-lo to show the [)lans and protiles of u througli lino from tiiat point within twenty or thirty miles of Sault Ste. Marie, j'uniung nearer to the coast to tho head of .Luke Superior. Until that plan and location arc submitted for tho approval of the Governoi- \n Council it is not tlio intention to pa}' any portion of the subsidy intended for tho Canadiar. Pacilio liailway upon any j)Ortion common to thai lino, and what I call the interior line, running from tho north ol li'.ik'o Superior lo a point hixty or seventy miles north-west of Callander Station, 1 have no doubt myself, after the inioi-mation 1 have I'cceivel from the engineer of the (.'ompany, that a very f.dr lino will be obtained in that local it}'. Wo have orily \ory recently received infoi'niat ion from tho able engineer who has been going over the niost diflicult ])Ovtion of it, that, although the line will be ]>robab!y attended with greater cost in construction, it is believed that a very good line, Avith grades not inferior to those that wo would have been obliged to encounter in the in:orior lino in the neighborhood of the upper ])art of Lake Su| oi'ior, will bo attained. There will bo very great adva ilage, as hon. gentlemen opposite will see, from the ad )jiti on of the proposei lin«. In tho first ])laco, 1 may say that tho lino is assumed lo be no longer, tho distance wiil bo no greater in the one ea^io than in tho othor; it is about 650 miles, whethor you go by tho interior line from Callander Station to the head of Lake Superior, or whethor you go to within twenty-fivo or thirty miles of tho Sault Sto. Marie lino and tho'-'ceaway to tho north to Thunder Bay. I may say it vv^il'i be at once .seen that as the line will run in tho neighborhood of the waters of Lake Superior, there is much less likelihood ot its being obstructed by llio snowfnll, tlio snowfall noL boin^ m great on tho coast of Lako Superior as it wmild bo on tlio interior lino. There will also bo ju;realcr advantai^o in construction. Whilo you would bo compelled to carry on tho construction soi ih-We.it, iuinishing a much easier, a iiuicli choapci-, a miu-h moro rapid, and I mav sav. solar as Iho dirticulty of ^'eltiii:; immi^'rants ilin)n<,'li'ii nci^i^'hl.orincr eoiintrv is concerned, a inucli safer luo oJ cominiinicalion in our owri intoi-csis than any which at pre- sent exists, Ot the wh')!-,' nl'lij;} rnilcH Iroiu Prince Artiiur'- Landini,' to Winni|)e<^', the track has now been hiid upon .101 niiles, ieavin;^ cnly thiily-two miles to complete the link. On contrnc t 41, from the lO.'Jtli mile t(» Iho 233rd mile, the road is eY|)eclc(I to bo finished early in liio present soason. On contract 42. from the 2?yivd milo to the 30()th mile, it will take ueonsidci'uhle ])oriion of the next season a- well as of this to lini^h the work. The contniet time for tinisliinLC that woik is July of next year, but 1 .shall be extremely glad if the work eau" he quite tlnisiioei tigalion was made by them as to iho most direct mode of crtrrying the line westward. As the House is aware, the Government had placed under contract the first 100 miles of that road, west of Winnipeg. The Company decided that it wouli be better to run a dirc;t line west from 6 lliC eily ol' \Viimi|ioi,', in iho iliiectiuii of I'ui'iii^e la I'rairio, tljan to roiiliriuo to follow llio lino wliicli llio (iovormuent had adopted, and thoy wore iheroforo punnillod toubarnloii that portion of tho lino botwecMi Slonowall — h di.stunco of twonty-onc miles — from Winnipt-^ to rorla'j;oi 1 1 J.'raiiio, !ind conslnicL tlio road IVom Winnipeg in a moio direct lino to Poi'ta^'e la l*i'aii'i»\ Wy this chaniio, the di.stanee has been shoitont'd botweoii WinnipOL^ and I'ortai^o la Prairio Ihirtcen miles. The Conipaii}-, however, are bound to con- linuo to operate the line under this alteialiame westerly direction crosses tho Assiniboino at JJrandon. It then Ibllows tho general courj-e of the (in'Api)elle Jiiver to Moose Jaw Creole, a dis- tance of 10 1 miles from Winnipeg, which is the mo^^t westerly point up to the present time ap[»roved of by tho (iovcnKjr in Counril ; and I m:iy say here, tiiatit is not tho intention of the (lovernor in Council to approve of any further portion of the line of the C^iuadian Pacific liailway j)ropor, or make iiny payments in regard to any conslruclion west of that point, until it is ascortalncd that thore is a better lino in the interests of the country, ^o far as we are able to judge, inrough Kicking ilorso Pass, than that we had previously I'btained through Vollow JLea'.l Pass. I'^roni Mooso Jaw (,'reek, we are f[uito awtiro there is no difliculty in getting a line to the Pass ^vhich was authorized by Parliament, and tho Bill, which I have now submitted lor tlio consideration uf the House, asks for autliority to make the change only if we believe it to be in the inte.'osts of tlio country. I will como more particularly to that point a little later on. 1 may say, however, !Sir, that the section of tlie country through which the line runs direct from Winnipeg, in the mofct direct course that could be obtained I'roni Winnipeg to Moose Jaw (.■I'eck, :ind as it is pi'oposed to bo con- Htrucled, is very favorable both as regards tho grades of tho railway and al.-o as i-egards tho character of tho country which is to be opened up. Tho district is one of a very jMoini.^ing character, which will undoubtedly bo very rapidly lilled with a vigorous and enterprising jjopiilalion. Now, Sir, it is expoetcd by the Company that they will be able to lay no less than 500 miles of track in that direction this season ; there are 1(J1 miles from Winni- ))eg now under traiUc to a point which, I think, is called Plat Creek, abjuL lhirt}--one nii!e> fro;)) Prandon, which, as ^^diviv you arc uwui'c, is about ISO mile.-, fruni Winuipo;;. 'T\\>) t'oinpanv expect to l)0 ublo to lay Hom«j 500 miloH of track n u direct westcM-ly line during the coming Hoasoti ; but, as 1 huvo already nlatod, tho Government docs not intend to make any payments on any port'on ol tho lino beyn-nd Moose .law Treok until tlu-y ai'c satistird that a bettor linu an bo obtained iWr the ' Canadian I'acilir liailwuy Ia' colng Houtli to Kicking llorso I'ass iban bad ahvady been jbtaincd in tho direction of the Yellow Head I'ass. Tb-! iocalion ot' tbo Canadian Pacific Railway being moro Houibcrly than wa.s intended or contemplated two yearn ago, I think will l.>e attended vviih •hi.s advantage; that the branches will ivquiro to be :'ewer, and, as 's pei'l'cctly obvious, the lower Llio branches ;iro tho longer thoy will bo, and the greater tho facility '•vith wbieh thoy can be operated. Tiio whole of thecountry to -ho north oftho Caiuidian racilic Jfailway is open lor tho . onslruction of long brani.hoi^ running in various directions, ind from their length, they can bo operated with greuioi- advantage and to greater profit tlian short branchos could !'0 worked. Tho Company navo ••out 8,000 tons of rails MOW at tho end of their track, and a very largo quantity ot ^IceporH, and an enormous quaniity of railn arc now in transit from Groat Britain arc. the Contnicnt, to carry oi' with great vigor tbo ]»rosccut'on of the-o works. I'ho payments up to tbo present date to tb'' Compaiiv have been Sl.GlO.OOO in cash, and 1,G10,00(> acres of land. Tho branches of the Canadian raciii'' 'faihvay, as tho IIouso is awa''0, are, 1-t. Tiio br;uioh from Winnipeg to .Mmerson, M'liicb, including tho co.^t of the road 10 Selkirk, has cost, up to January. 1^S2, ei:n.jS,OS;J. Tho earnings upon this branch during the leu months that the '.Tovernmont operated it, boforo it was transfei-red to the Compimy, up to tho 30^ h April, 18S1, anvi'inted to.S2r>l,40-«. 1 m.ontion this moro especially because I think that a. lolurn which was moved for by tho hon. morni'jr i'o'- Westmorc- :'.nd has not yet been 'aid on the Table. Mr. BLAKl-:. Wind have been tho rceei[)ts .-.ince ? Sii' C]rAPtLr:S Trrri'i;. I win bo very ghul^t. iiive tiio hon. goidleman that inj'oi'niation. Th'i .raliio has increased enoi-mou^ly siJico that dale. Prom 1st of May, 1B81, to ;jl.-^t of March, lbS2, there wore no iess than 2I,48ti through passengers, and tho prc-cnt rate ..f passengers, as I understand it, is from 300 to 1,000 pei- day ; the passengers in March la.st numbered 5,084, ;uid from the Istto^ho 15th April, no loss than :j,a5 1. 1 may say that as they take all persons below twelve years of ago without tickets, those passengers only embrace what we may lenn adults, or do not. embrace what 1 .suppose would quite double ihe uumber of the piis.sengerB, if'llioao ehildrcn were included, as was of course the case in the number ot immigrants, as stated by me on u former occasion as having come in. I may sa}-, for the information of the hon. gentle- 7nan who seems very anxic's to anticipate it — that the I'oceipts from the operation ot the Canadian Pacitic llaihvay from the time that it passed into the hands of the Company, on the Ist of May down to the jirescnt time, and to the last date of information was over §600,000. Mr. BLAKE. What is the last day of the infoi-maiion ? .Sir CHARLES TUPPER. I see by the pa])er that the earnings from May, 1881, to February, 18'82, inclusive, amounted to §193,000 for passengers, §391,000 for freight, and $10,000 for mails and express; making a total of S(i03,000 lor that period. Sir ALBERT J. SMITH. For the whole line ? Sir CHARLES TUPPER, Ves,. for the whole Hue under operation — from Rat Portage on one side to Flat Creek, thirty miles beyond Brandon, on the other, and from Winnipeg to Pembina. The Canadian Pacitio Raihva}^ ii- addition \o the line they have constructed from Winnipeg westward, and which is now in operation fur the 101 miles, have also laid some eighty-nine miles of a branch, which is called the Winnipeg and Pembina Mountain Bi-ancb, running in a south-westerly direction from Winnipeg to the border, and with a branch ol twenty miles connecting that point with the town of Emerson at the frontier. For 100 miles this branch it is expected, will be opened for traffic during the present season. It is now ready for the rails with the exception of the twenty mile branch to Emerson, and it is expected that 100 miles of this branch will be in operation during the com- ing season. They have aho projected another branch from Brandon south-we^^terly, about fifteen miles, to Souris. thence west, in all 195 miles. I should have mentioned also that the length of the Winnipeg and Pembina Moun tain Branch is 235 miles. Mr. MACK EN^ ZIE. Where does the Soiiris Branch strike the main line? Sir CHARLES TUPPER. At Brandon, running thenco south-westerly about fifteen miles and then westerl}'', with about fifteen miles between it and the main line. The next section I come to is, of course, the one which will be dealt with last, and it i.s the maiu dilliculty with which the Company has V 1) to cnj^nL^c — I iimiiii llio portion ihroui^li the IJocky Moim- tains to Karnloojis. 1 may ^ay that J onl}' received tliis morning the latent iiifbrraation as to the grounds ^vhich led the Company to be ^omc^vhat Banguino that they would be ;ible to obtain a better pa.-s for the raihviiv !han the Yellow Head Pass — not better in point of giude.'^, beoauee that would be impossible. Ififiey get througli Kicking Ilorpc Pass I am afraid it will lie by heavier -n'ades than the other ; but it is 80 obviously in the in(crc.:>ts of the country and of a great trans-continental lino like this, th:it it should be rendered as short as possi!»!e, that great exertions are beinii- made, and the Company are prepared to incur gi'cat expense provided tiiey can .shorten the line, as they believe they can, l\y some sevcnty-nino mile- This is a matter v/hich wcuM bo of great importance not only to the line but to the count ly, because it would penetrate the best district in Eriti.'-h Columbia, that is the Kamloops district — a district which would only bo skirted if the road went by the Yellow Head Pass at the confluence of the Eraser Paver and Lake KamJoops. .1 will read to the Ilouse the latest informalion obtained with reference to the probability of getting a pass by the line which is ])Vi>- posed by this Bill — or rather the Bill proposes that the iiovcrnor in Council, if they believe it is in the interests o! the country, may authorize the Company to deviate from the pass which was fixed by the contract and the Act of lasi kSession. This telegram is from Mr. Van Horn, the Superin- tendent who i:s in charge of all the 0]}erations at the centra! l)oint of the Canadian Pacific Eailway. It was telegraphcii this moi'ning to Mr. Drinkwater as follows : — "Major Rof^or? reports thnt tbe"e is no question iibor.t fVasibilllj <■:' j^ooU line Willi ta=y fjrade.s throujjli Kiikiiipr Horse I'asa altlioi.frb work will be very exjierisive. The crosiinK of tlie S'.lliirk Range i.s ihe on.'/ thing in doubi, but explorations have iirogre^sed .SLlficiently tn jusiiJy belief llinl they ean Le crossed by use of suine lonp; tunneia. T!.e worst that can happen in caee of fa'lure to cross Selkirk is, that the line may be forced roaud the great bead o' the Coh.mbia, whicli would consider- ably increase dislatjce ; but to save ilils distance work will be under- taken that would oidinarily be ' onsidei'd impracticabic cu yxcouni or expense. ' W. C. VA.N HUR.V. That is to say, it i.-- now fouiid that the ivicking Horse Vv-^ is perfectly practicable as we have known for some time. Mr. MACKENZIE. Since 187 J. Sir CHAKLES TUPPEP. Ye.^ siiiee 1873. But iln difficulty, of course, as my hon. friend know.s, is that pre- sented by the Selkirk Pange, which all the surveys carrie-i on by the Government led to the belicl' was not praciicable If it be found to be iii'actieablft it will only be so by utider- 10 taking to Khortcii Ihi.s line by some sovonty-niiu.' miles, probably by considerable increase of tho «;xponso of construction over that which woulil be involved by passini; through the Yellow Head Pass. The importance of making that saving of seventy-nine milc^ is evidently considered so great by the Company that, as the\' "tate, they would bo jire]):ired to take it even at an expense that would ordinarily bo considered (pite im])racticabIo. The engineers of my Department — those who have any knowledge of the subject — concur in the opinion that if this shorter lino is obtained by piercing the Selkirk Range, it will have to bo done at a very great cost indeed. The iine, I presume, would be considerably shortened by going through the Kicking Horse Pa?s, and round what is callo if April : " From ilif^ report of Mr. A. B. Rof^er?, "^vlio comlucli^ 1 tlie siir\'ov^ .11 British i'oiuiabiii duriuj^j the i(.'a:3on of ISai, I oblaia the followitij^ particular-^. " Tl\at )L tliormiph pril'miuary survey of the country was mad<' betweoa llieKickiiif? Ilorso Greeii and Mount Usick, inchidinf^tlio Voriui! ";ion aud Wliiti.' Mnu's Paes routes, ;.nd a partial survey of the route from tlie head '. f }'>j\v Iviver to the summit of lluwse Pass, and also of tiu' Kananaskid route. The time occupied on these surveys extended only «rom the 1st of Au<,'u.L to the Isl of Uolober, the parlies uet hayin'jr arrived as early a.s \vi*s expected. "The route' selected for location passes up tlio Bow River to its junction witli Haih Creek, tiience up io,sc,07.>. -\rr. AXGLIX. To whi.t date? Sir ClIAELKS TUPPKI!.. That is to the larest dale t.4 '.vhicli 1 have information (d the j)rogres3 of the work .Mr. BIjARH, What date is that? SirCHAIiLESTUPPEK'. At this momenl ii is not in )iiy power to state the exact, dale to which this information IS brought down. I may t-ay that the dale nz which that work is required {') l)o completed under tfic contract is .July, 188.J, and that I have every reason to believe that iho Avork will !>o ilnished within the time stipulated by the contract. Apparciitly, the amount of iho w^oik is not sutlicient to indicate that that wouUl ho done; but hon. gentlemen will pel ceivo that the expenditure on the Initial works has been apjdied in such a way as to render the future progra.-s of the work much more rapid than was possible until i large portion of very heavy and dillicult work was undei tidven, and means of access were thus obtained to the other portion.s of Lhe line. As hon. gentlemen opposite aro also aware, eighty-six miles from Emory's Btir to Port Moody have al-o recently been placed under contract, at an amount of e2,48',>,000, and tho date lixed for tho completion of that work is the same as the other. It iseasier to complete that eighty-six niiles than some sections, even in their ])resent condition, above that, in consequence r.f the work being reached more easily by the Fr.aser Jiiver and Burrard [nled, the contractors thus being enabled to 12 nttack it fit various p/mts more easily than it was passible to do in roganl to the other work It may, perhaps, be interesting^ to the House for mo to glance at the estimates which have been made for those contracts on the main line of the Canadian Pacific liailway, and to state i ho results, M) far as it is ia my power, down to tlio present moment. The \\r>t: contract from the Kaministiquia to Sunshine Creek was a c(jntract for forty-tive miles of road from the Ivami- tiistiquia to Shcbandowan, but twelve and a lialf miles of (hat tine was abandoned owing, to a chano;e of policy on the part of the Government. The amount of the contract for the whole forty-live miles was §406,194 ; but if you deduct the ' welve and a-halfmiles, it would leave the contract price foi- the thirty-two and a-half miles at3-93,:5G0. 1 am glad to be able to say that that contract will bo completed according to the present estimate — and of course the work is so far completed as to enable one to F])eak with a great deal of certainty-for $313,200, or only $19,840 in excess of the ]jrice estimated for in th ) contract. I'rom Sunshine Creek to English liiver, conti-act 25, the present estimate for the worlc is SI, 417, 208, and the con- tract price was Sl,0J7,0iIl, and the construction of the work will exceed the contract price by §380,147. From English Elver to Eagle Eiver, contract 41, the present estimate lor the completing of the work is .S1,7C7,357, and the contract price was $2,300, 190", or 3532,839 less than the amount we expected to be obliged to pa}- when the coiUract was in ado. I tliought the contract was for Mr. MACKloXZIl- $2,203,000. Sir CHARLES TUPPEIi. No, it was for §2,300,190; and I may say we hope to Iio required to pay a larger amount, and for this reason : Tho contract was so made, that if the track was laid during the past season, by the 1st of July, and if tho contract was completed by the 1st of .luly of next year, the conti-actors were to be entitled to the larger sum named hei-e. Well, it is quite true tho I'ails were not laid by tho 1st of July; but the object the Government had in makirig that contract was attained, and that was to provide the m:»ans of attacking the adjoining contract from both ends; and m> the work was so far completed as to have the track laid tit a comparatively short time after the 1 -^t of July. And as the contractors incurred great addi- tional expense in making that advance, an Order iortion of the contract, requiring tho comjiiction of the v/ork by the 1st of July next s^ear, they should be lR«id to hav>" . 1^ C'ompliod with the portion of the contraci wliieh depondod on having the track laid by tho L^L of July this year ; bocauso tho oxpontlituro made was cominensiirately great, and tho advantage to the country is tho same as it would have been had tlio original arrangement been adhcied to, I wish to explain tho manner in whicli 1 ara treating those tignres. Should we bo a!>le to complete that work lor tho closest estimate we could make at the present, we shall &av(^ $532,839 as between the cost of the work and the price at which it was let. Hon, gentlemen are aware that great offoi'ts have been made to improve the location oi the line after the contract was made, and both on this and the adjoin ing section Mr. Fleming was able, by great exertions to shorten the lino, although most elaborate surveys had been previously made. When the Government had undei- taken to do tho work, it was found that by great eftbris the lino could bo shortened by several miles, as we'i as very considerable reductions made in the w^")i-k in addi- tion. There were some changes in the character of tho structures that were contem]>lated, which also enabled us, especially on the adjoining flection of the work, to make a very considerable saving. On tho seel ion from Eagle liiver to Keewatin, 42, the present estimate is $2,901,153 ', the contract price was §1,130,707 ; so we expect to etfect a saving on this section of 81,225,551. On the conti'aet fron; Keew'atiii to Cross Lake, section 15, as the House is aware. :i change was made in the character of the work. Mr. ANGLIX. "Will the hon. gentleman deseribo umi change. Sir CHARLES TUPPKH. 1 ihink it has been tho sub- ject of such elaborate discussion, and there is som.uch infor- mation in the hands of the hon. gentlemen concerning ii, that 1 do not think it would be right to trespas,-. on the in- dulgence of tho House by detaining it by a further specitic statemen^. But I may pay, in general term.'?, that solid em- bankments were Kib,>tiUited for trcstlj work, and the reasons for that will be found in the reports of the engineer^ during the time my ho i, predecessor was in office, and al.so in documents subsequently laid before tho Government, and which led them to the conclusion that the change would be in the interests of the country. Thai 7ot more thut the original price. Sir CHAELfiS TUPPRR. Not the original contract price ; but the hon. gentleman will see that you add to the original contract price 8250^000, making a total ot $1,844,845. There is between that and the costofthe work the sum $735,500. Now, 1 come to the work from Cross Lake to Selkirk, Koction 14, between the contract jusi leferred to nnd lied Itivor. The contraft i)i-ice for that work was $402,950, and the estimated cost is 8733,002, or $330,052 more than the contemplated C03t. I now como to the four contracts between Kamloops and Emory's Bar, GO, 01, 62. and 03, making 127 miles ; and I am glad to be able to say that on 03, while the price of the contract was $1,740,150, (he amount we expect to complete the work for is $1,192^000, or $553 550 less than anticipated. Mp. MACKENZIE. Does your first estimate embrace ihe $250,000 sot down for contingencies. Sir CHARLES TUPPER. I am taking the actual estimate of the work to bo executed ; and in that case, although great attention and expense Averc devoted to as careful and as thorough a survey as possible. it had to bj made through so rugged and ditHoult a country, one almost impassible, that it Avas utterly impos- sible to expect to obtain buch correct location surveys as could only have been made when a staff of engineers were on the ground, engaged in the construction of the road, and which it may bo in their power to secure, with a reduction of the work, by every possible means they can devise. Mr. MACKENZIB. Will the hon. gentleman stale what icduction was made on the radius of the curves ? SirCnAELESTUPPER. Wo have sacrificed nothing in that respect that will, in the least degree, injure the character of the road ; and having travelled, as I have, ovoi- the Union Pacitic and Central Pacific Railways, around curves much sharper than any to be met on the line of the Canadian Pacitic Railway — at a very considerable Bpeod — I am able to sa}' that our road will compare, not only most favorably, but is a first-class road, as compared Avith the roads to which I have referred. In fact, aM those contracts contemplated the construction of a fii*st class railway. On the first sect'on, I wa^ s.iying $553,550 were saved on the amount stipu- lated in the contract. On section 62, the contract price was $2,056,950. We expect to complete it for $1,368,670, or $688,280 loss than tho price contained in the contract when granted. P'or section 61 the contract pi'ice is $2,573,640, and we expect to compiote it for $1,927,000, or ■»• -»■ !|G iG, 610 less ihari ihe contract amouiit. On the sections from P'mory's 13ur to Port Moody, of coui'so the contract boinfj for a lump sum, ^\o expect, with the* laret'iil and accurate survey which was made and i.ho thorough knowledge of the work obtained bcforr iho contract was lot, to complete it for the amount stated in the contract — S2,43(),000. On section O'O, The contract price was $2,727,200, and wo os])oct to complete it for $2,324,000— a waving of $403,200. So that I may («tato, in round numbers, that on contracts 13, 2o, 15 and 14 !ho cost will be Sl,560,lo9 more than the contract price ;. and on contracts 41, 42, GO, Gl, 62 and 6i the saving will be $4,051,630, or that amount loss than contemplated when the contracts wore made. 1 give this information to the Kouso l)ecause it is of very great interest, and 1 know how glad the House will bo to learn, that in these remote and diflicul! flections of country, wo Lave been enabled to make s ) great, a reduction of cost, to save so very large an amount of money 10 the country. I m.ay say, that in regard to the work that is being constructed by the Government, the gioatest possible caro has been taken to secure a f]v>t class road. J may saj-, in addition to that, that the polic}- which I ])ropounded to the Uouso by changing entirely the character and class of railway to be constructed, by building the cheapest possible lino through the ])rairio country, was abandoned by the Company when they came in ])ussession of the road ; and I can challenge the closest scrutiny of the subject wlien I say that not only are we carrying out the portion of tht; road to be constructed by us, notwithstanding these greni savings in such a way as to secure the construction of a tirst- class railway, but that it is not possible lo constmict a better ilcscription of railway than is being constructed in the ISTorth- Wost by the Compa^3^ The iinest I'ails to be found on this continent are those they arc now importing. They are the liighest class of steel rails ; and my hon. friend and prede- cessor, will perhaps be surprised to Icai'n that they use a better fish-plate than ihat on the Intercolonial Euilway, or the Canadian Pacific Railway as carried on by my hon. friend and after him by me until this change took place. The adoption of a fish-plate in the form of a knee— giving much greater strength than the excellent pattern wo used, shows they are determined to economize in the operation of the road by the construction of the very best description of ro.id possible. Instead ol laying out a road upon the prairie Avith merely a sufficient amount of ballast to enable it to be operated — as I conieraplated at tho time I found so much difficulty, owing to tho want of support of hon. gentleman opposite, in carry- ing on the Canadian Pacific" Railway as a Government, 16 undertaking — a raised road, so far as snow, water and all thoso difficulties are concornod, in being constructed noL only on the trunk, but on all branch linos. The result ol" this to the country will bo most important ; because wo shall have in this country, extending from sea to sea, a clas.s of railway of tho veiy highest character, over which the greatest amount ot speed can bo obtained, and the largest volume of tratlic carried at tho cheapest possible rate. In the construction of a national line of railway, the Uouso will see of what vital importance it is to Canada, in view of the competition with those great national projects to tho south of us, tho Northern Paci lie, the Union and Cen- tral Pacific Eailways, that to secure tho trallic througli Canadian channels, tho Company should have adopted a much higher chxss of railway than they were compelled, under their contract, to construct. I mention thai becauso tho late Minister of tho Interior labored under tho somewhat strange delusion as to tho want of caro in tho construction of tho lino shown by tbo Canadian Pacific Eailway. Some person had pointed out to him that ihoy wore laying rails on the ice. 1 believe something of that kind did take place. I. am afraid it took place in con- ■^cquencc of a portion of the road constructed by tho Govern- ment between Winnipeg and Stonewall, being overflowed by water, and instead of taking up tho track it was more convenleuL to lay it over tho ice, and I dare say some sidings in connection with the traffic required to be for the timo to bo laid on tho ice. i fan only say tliat having travelled over 130 milo.-^ of tho road, fiom Winnipeg to Brandon, in comj^any with Mr. Schreiber, tho Government Engineer, and after a moat careful examination of tho mode in which the Company constructed tho road, I was delighted with it. They were making every mile of the road, whether main lines or branches, tho finest description of road. Of course, it involved in constructing a road on tlio prairie no such expense to make a first )ast, b:it in loacbing Asia, and for through traffic, wo shall necessarily make our road tho highway between Eui-opo and the East. Then, Sir, looking at it in another bearing which comes a little closer homo, tho figures will be rogardoJ with verj- great favor by tho House. F'rom Liverpool to Halifax the distance is 2,410 miles, from Halifax to Quebec 680 miles, from Quobec to Montical 17'> miles, fiom Montreal to Poit Moody 2,850 miles, or o,70':) miles from sea to sea. Prom Halifax to Port Moody the distance is 3,706 miles, from Liverpool via Htjlifax to J-*ort Moody 6,186 miles. From Liverpool to New York the distance is 3,040 miles, from Ncvf York to San Franc sco 3,790 miles, making G.S.'JO miles. Mr. MACKFN/ilF. In the distance from Munlreal to Ill Mverpoul (lues lit' lion, -■••iiilerniiii riiir.ilutc I'V llie Straits of Hollo I.sli) 01* hy (Jape Ka. o? Sir ClfAIJLKS TTPPKn. I think I am takin- it hy ll.o Hhortost lino 1 ran ij;ot ; hut, I think tliat in takitii,' tho (lis- tunco iivun Livcrjionl id Halifax' it is not ii>uul to ^o hy thr Straits of Hello Islo. Mr. MACJvKNZI 1'. Xo ; hut iIm' jnoviouM ti^uics i ei'ei ii'0 miles, oi- 041 mile.s from Liverpool to San Francisco via New York more than it i.s from Liverpool to Port Moody V'd JIalifax, ^"ivin^ another evidence why, in our ^reat national lino of railway whicdi we havo now provided from sea to Hca, wo shall not only havo a great thi'ough lino ol a most invitinj; ciiaracter from one ocean t«> tho other in our country, hut wo will havo a lino from IJverpool to Port Moody on tho Pacitic li44 milo3 nearer than hy the shi)i'test lines that can ho ohlaiued hy goim^ to New Yoik and thence to San Francisco. Now, Sir, I am (]uito certain that this statement is one that will ho jogarded with great satisfaction hy tho House; and that tho tJovernment who assumed the .^iQia responsihility u year ago of suhmiltinL( this contract with the Canadian Paeitic Jiailway for tho consideration oi Parliament, havo great reason to ho satisfied, that, after a year's cxporionco, the only change they uro ohliged to ask Parliament for, is one to authorize a change in the location from Yellow Head Puss to one that will shorten the Cr.nadian Pacific Jiailway hy seventy-nine miles, if it sliould he iound to ho practicahle. Mr. MAOKKN/ilE. "Will thehon. gentleman supplement his remarks as to distances to this extent — if he is so pre- pared. Assuming that Kicking Horse Pass i ' -ot found prar- ticable, ho proposes, as I understanii it, that tne main line shall he diverted north to tho Yellow Head Pass from tho upprt end of tho Qu'Apj olio Valley, can he give the dist;"ico in that caso to the Yellow Uea'd Pass, Sir CHARLES TUPPFE. I may say, Mr. SpcaKoi , 1 am glad that tho hon. gentleman has asked mo that question, hecauso it is a very important one; and one to which t have directed my attention. Fiom Moose Jaw Creek, the western- m(Wt point to which wo have authorized tho location of the Canadian l^acitic liaiiway via tho Yellow Ilea I Pass, will not us I believe, increase the length of tho Canadian Pacific iiail- way over what was conie.nplated, when wo had iliis suImitI L'O I'no l.cfnic \\]o [\()\ho u yonr U'^'o ; and when wo nnticipaU' . .. julojtiiou ol :i more northoily cniirso tVoiu Winnipoi;- than has Hinco l)Con laUen. Tho coiiritiy thront^h whii-h Iho KKul jta^scH is bettor than would liavo hooti traversed by ihc other louto. Tho grades and curves — hut 1 need not, upoak of the furves, as t!iey do not alloc t tho question — tho i^radoH arc less scvcio than llioso wo woul d luivo boon polled to adopt on tho lino oontemplated u year ... 1 4i - ..1... ;ii ..„*. i.,..:,.ii.. I il .K. com pT ai:;o, and tho ohan^^o will not materially ien^'then thi; line, if at all. if wo have to fall baolc on the Yellow ILea I Pass, whilo seventy-niin' mile-* will bp saved by obtuinir)i;- access through tho Kicking llorso Pass. Now, Sir. 1 may say it is a source of no litilo satisfaction to mo to bo iiblo to make so gratii'yin^ a statenmnt as 1 have presented to the Ilouso with relation to this matter. After we have had tho opj)ortunity of looking' at thi.n ([ucstion — not in tho litfht of an abstract <[UCstion in which wo wero to a certain extent com) cllod to view it a yeai- ;ii;o, but in tho light ot a year's experienco — I have shown I lie House the enormously rapid alvanco which has heoii made in tho construction of this great national work, foi* it is a gieat national work, whether it bo in the liands of tho (lovornmont of the day or in the hands of a C(jmpany suit- ^idizcd — largely subsidized, hon. gentlemen opposite will iiy — I'y tlio (iovei'iimont of the da}-, or by Parliameiu. riie application for land at tho present moment, by the colonization companies alone, has reached (ho amount of 23,850, (iSO acres, and by tho end of this week wo will un- doubtedly have a])plicatioi)s Ibra sutlicient ([uanlity of land which, il entertained, would recoup to tho Treasury the ontii o ;itnount that wo arc caUoil upon to pay the Canadian Pacitic Railway Company in money. 1 may say that these land and -oloni/ation companies, these parties who arc made use of by theGoYornmout to bring immigration into tho country have their lands on the terms that they pay 82 per aero for tho <)dd-numl)cred section.^, under No. 1 of the Dominiou liand iiogulations of the 2:ird cf December. The even-numbered sections throughout the district applied for by these colonization land companies aro obtained for free settle- ment and homof-teads, acd tho companies aro obliged, under their engagement, to put two settlers instead of one upon every section so obtainetl, and when two settlors aro placed upon each section within five years to tho extent that the land that has been sold to thcni at $2 an aero, they receive a rebate of $1 per acre, and they receive a robato of $U)0 for every settler placed upon tho liomostead and tho pre emption section. Tho terms aro one-fifth cash, and one- tifth annually for four years, so that the hon. gentleman will i 27 pose they felt it to bo their duty to give utterance to oy brioging them, in lormHl rajinnor. iMider tho notico of'the llouso. I congratulate tho .Mouse, Sir, and I congratulate tho country upon ihe iramoni^o progi-ess tnat thiB great work han mude. I congi'Mulato tho ILmls.!, and, Sir, I congratulato tho country' upon the oi,oimou-i, tho unanticipated and tho unpiocodontod dcvelo))- mont of our great North- West, as has been witiiessod during tho past year, and 1 say that i pitv the man who ' from any caune — whether it Le pai*tizan political fooling, or J)art3^ interest, or anytlupg ol«o, who can regard- what i.s ti.Uing j/iaco in this country in connoctioD with tho mode in which llii.-i great national work i.s being carried out, without feeling a throb of c-sultation, and a throb of Joy, that wo arc .-triding in the indejiendent and rapid and etfective niunner in which wo aro towards im*' 'nal life. I Hay, Sir, to iho great Consorvativo party of iL^s country — I gay, Sir, to tho greac Liboral-Connervative j^'Tty, to whom thia country owes its present condition Some hon. MEMBERS. Hear. hear. A to lif) waB i>y that this tho Lib{.v!il- of • to-day exhibited Sir CIIAllLES TUPPEFi. Yoe, Rir, country owes 'W present condition Conservative party. Ccmtrayt tho with tho lethurgy and death which in relation to these great inierestirt three years ago, and then tell me, whether I am not tvarranied in naying that to tho great Liberal-Conservative party, Canada, tins country owoh tne new life and vigor which hai- been infused into the development of all it8 great matenul interests. I say, Sir, I congratulate the great Liberal-Con- servative party ou what il has achieved — achievo(i, 1 \vonld bo very glad to add with the manly aid ar.d hoarty co- operation of hor . gentlemen opposite. Wo wcra entitled to receive that aid. We had every claim ihal a j»ai fy could have on those hon. gentlemen, owing to ihe position in which they had placed the public aflairs of this country, and especially in connection with Uiis work, for thaw independent support that one party, whatever may bo called, is entitled to receive from opponents under such circumstances. But 1 Sir, wo sought that aid in vain ; and to-day, to tho Liberal-Conservative party, it is not only duo, but it is duo to them alone, that this country bus been lifitd out of tho condition of prostration which was witnessed in our country three years ago, into a condition of advancement ana pros- perity and progress to-day which will compare fav^-rably with tho advancement of any portion of tho civilised world. they their great