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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART (ANSI end ISO TEST CHART No. 2) . 1.0 I.I 1.25 1 4.5 15.0 US Bibu 2.8 1^ IIIIIM 3.6 4.0 ! 2.2 1.8 A APPLIED IfVHGE Inc 11)53 Eof'. Main Strset Roc' ester, New York 14609 USA (716) 482 - 0300 - Phone >'716) 288- 5989 -Fax Educational >Series Q i^^H^^gl^ ^4^ BOOK V, Go ^. (f^nqe * Co.'e (Ebucntiou«l 3erice. THE CANADIA]^^ READERS BOOK V. Authorized for u«e in the Schools of Quebec. Authorized for use in the Schools of Manitoha. Authorized for use in the Schools of British Columbia. Anthorizedfor use in the Schools of North-west Territories ,. -^t in the Office of tlio Minister E.,te«<., accord,., « AC. o. P»*— ^.'^W. .. O.o. U Co.. of Agriculture, m the year oi ou Toronto. doim PREFACE. In preparing the Fifth Book the rhipf o? x. ^. pupils an acquaintance with wlia is mo, t ? '' ^'"" *^ ^'^« important in connection with th! ?. interesting and most past is seen in a serTes of ^me of tL" f 'r' '"' ^'''''''- T'^ and in sketches of the i^Hf 1 f« J kI"^ '^'"*^ ^' history, condition of the 'earth andiK . 7 "''^'' "''"' ^ho present description and by " ctuTes n t^^ ^ " ''''''' ^^^«"' ^^^^ '>y by the three lessons based or ivr.""^^ *"'"^«« °^ travel, World, and by thrustrrcLe^^w*^"'"''^'" ^^^^^^^ K«»"d the ^ deciding t,I Physfcir ratfoS-: ^T' " ^^ ^^ -- andl^x:drt:i:fortot ^'rrr «" * '--« -^^^ about them. For thifreLon a n'"" """'' "^^^^^ ^^^ <^^^^'^y the life of human beingsTlt.er'"'"'"!.''^*"'^ ^" **"« ^««J^ >« it ^as felt that this question to h« f?f ^^'° ^'" •"««"««*' «« regarded as one of the S ^es wv uf ""^««to«d' must be at present constituted S'ml/tf'T'^ *^^^' «^^«*y ^ treated in its Physioliica! relaZ, f '"^f "' ^^ ^^«« ^««'^ its effect on the nervorsvstm ."i .7 *''" P^'"* «^ ^^^^^^ human body. '^'*^"'' *°^ ^^^ vital organs of the poems, printea asproTe\TeL ." Z"^"'' ^ ^""'^'^^ <>' It is hoped that the telher w^n ? Tu^^''^ '"*^ *^^« ^«1"™«- Editors have observed t^atthTi *';'' ^""^''^^ "««'"^- The pupil in reading islo be carried ''^T.^'''^''''^ "' *^« y«""g the emphasis, of sense-accent L ft?^ I'^^ ""''''' ^"^ *« ^^^ge? It is believed that thereTrci ^st^t^^ '^^^ or verse-accent to the sound, the thought toTerrvthmTh"' '" ^''''' *'^«««"«« the emplmsis to the m^re accent an^^^' ?u ''*'^" *^ *^« '^^^^^ and rhyme to take ewe of th«m!l. ^^ ^^ "^"^ ^^^^« *h« ^^^re can v«ry well dn ' ^^ th^^^selves, as in all English verse thev VI PREFACE. 1- «,ritPM and articles relating selections fro., eminent C-^^^^^^ to Canada, have been ^^^^''^^'^J'^^ has also been inserted. ^ The last oi the articles on Hygiene ^^^^^^ .^^ ^^^^y ^^y^. ihe Exercises will, it is ^^;P^^;^^^;;^en, that the teacher may A large variety has ^^«« ^^^^^^fff^^^^^^^^ sections and ages of the t abfe to adapt the work to ttie diffe^e ^^^^^ ^^^.^ ^.^^^ j classes, and that the P^P^^Vuac^,'^ etat attention has been paid nlavover the forms of la^S^^ff'. "^^f ^ords and phrases. The To working out the exact -^-^^^/Jj^^e in to close the sei-ies Uin and Oreek Denvat^.s t the^en^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ''r'T^^^. of Derivations. In the *ou.t composition of the Engusn a pretty clear general ^/ew of the co^P ^^ ^^^j^ ^nd Greek L^iage-initsTeutomc Norn^^an-B^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^ ^^,, , lleSents. Armed -^^^^^^i^:jiZa^ which exist in every examine the nature of the amei ^rrlinarv English sentence. .lirections for reading the and to pupils. CONTENTS. Muu'dpal Government . .>• t. ^*^^^' The School System (.f Ontario ' ' ' ' '-"' ^ ''"'^c'sf^incks, ^ T^^dToA^'.'^' • • • '^^on^ the'; Arabian -N^^^r ll Up with the Dawn ^?'*^ Lf/tton . . , OA Water Desirovine and Pir'f. R..i*M:'., * ' ^'^omas Elliot . . 94 The White Slfip . "* * "^ Bmlding up .Sir John Herschel . m "He Never SmVled Again*" Charles Dickens . ;w The Brave Man . «* " • • • • • Mrs. Hemans . . ;w Ingratitude. . . * ' * ^ "^»^ 'he German 0/ Bit rr/er, 40 Magna Charta ". . 4«i The Battle of Morgarten .' .' .50 1 he Sailor's Life , . • • . ^. The Battle of Otterburn '. JJarrj/ Cornioall . m Alcohol ... ^ir Walter Scott . 61 The Humble-bee : '. '. '. '. ' ' ' ' i' ^{r^^'J • - - ■ m The Battles of Cressy and Poitiers' ' ' n" ^^\J^»^erson . . 73 A Bear-hunt . 98 Nature her own Physician Atkinson .... 102 Robert Bruce Victorious . * * ' • ^S^shaio .... 107 An Iceberg , . •*>«'* Walter Scott . 108 Toa Waterfowl .:::;•••• ^C'";« • .... 115 Method and its Advantages . .' * ' " ? V V^fV"'?' • • 117 Virtue ^ ^ S. T. Coleridf/e . . 119 The Origin of Rivers Anonymous . . . 109 ADmnerinanOldMalior-hoHsP * * * P^'"^«^' .... 124 Tropical Scenery . "'^^ " ' • (^^nr/man .... 127 The last Charge of the Pw.nnilof'xx' / 1* ^''^il<>pe. .... 130 Thoroughness in Work i\f^''*'?'''''(^ ^ 1.S - I'll pgid a Way) oSlake It " '''''"'''' %^S; '^-^^er, M. P. jg 1 he Character of Nelson . . * 'f.'^^f.' 140 The Retreat from Moscow ' • • • Soitthey .... 143 opnng 18 Come 147 The Death of Nelson .' ^i^Ham Allinf/hatn, 150 Trial and Execution of Marie Antoin^^ftA -Sow^Aej, .... 151 Snow and Ice . Antoinette Carlyle ig^ pS^y*^*''H«t'Sprin^aWGev^rs ^^l Great Cities-- London .. ^^'^^ •••.... 167 ^/onsolatioa in Exile . '.''':.,•. 172 • ' • ^'na/cesptare . . , 179 VIU CONTENTS. PAOB "You Will Repent It" DeQuincey . . . 181 Great Cities — Rome 186 Polital Power George Eliot ... 195 Great Cities — Paris 200 A Forest Scene Matthew Arnold . 208 Character of Sir Walter Scott .... Lockhart .... 210 Tlie Spanish Armada J. R. Green . . . 215 The Spanish Armada Lord Macatday . . 222 Great Cities— Berlin 230 A Voyage Round the World. Parti 234 The Skylark Tames Hcgg ... 246 The Castle by the Sea . . Uhland (trandated by Longfellow) 247 The Forests of the Amazons 248 Kilmeny . James Hogg ... 263 The Social Aspects of Temperance 265 The Power of Short Words Rev.J, A. Alexander 261 Rosabelle Sir W. Scott ... 262 A Brave Sailor Dickens .... 265 The Ferry . . Ludioig Uhland . . 269 G'^at Cities — St. Petersburg 270 Ti Suez Canal Sterne 278 Contentment 282 A Voyage Round the World. Part II 286 Night Robert Southey . . 296 The Gentleman Chaucer .... 296 Battle of Waterloo Sir W. Scott ... 296 Incidents of the Battle Creasy 303 A Winter Day in the Arctic Regions . Osborn 312 The Lost Expedition with Franklin . . Hood 317 Great Cities — Vienna 318 One by One 326 The Battle of Hohenlinden 326 Heroism and Discipline 330 The Rabbi and His Children 336 A Voyage Round the World. Part III 340 The Land We Live In T. D. McGee ... 351 Sunset Ruskin 366 " Till the Doctor Comes " Dr. McLaughlin . 356 Canadian Confederation .... Sir John A. Macdonald, 362 American Fugitive Slave-Bill .... Hon.George Broion, 368 Gems from Great Authors 372 Foreign Elements in the English Language 374 •i«^i THE FIFTH READER MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. Appropria'tiona, portions set apart for particular purposes (Lat. ail, and propritis, one's own). Aver'sion, a (lislik|, Contin'gent, happening by chance ; or dependent on some- thiiig else. Essenaial, necessary, very nn portant. Exec'utitre, those appointed to carry out the acts of Parlia- ment. Expe'dient, fit, proper, conve- nient. -^ Mod'ifled, clianged in form. Muni'cipal, belonging to a public corporal ion (Lat. TOMnfo, official duties, and capere, to take, whence inunicipium, a free town). Or'dinance, a decree, law, or rule. Pri^or, previous. Tena'city, the power of holding fast; obstinacy. ■• The establishment of municipal institutions is coeval with the union of Upper and^Lower Canll in 1841 Pr or to that event, there was no machinery whatevei- .„ Lower Canada for eollecting local taxes'^ while m Upper Canada the magistrates in Quartet k tTcl rT"^""' f P'"'^' °* '^' administration of du led the .r™' ?'"■' "''"""«''' '""''"S ^hich was in- eluded the sessional payment to the representatives of the people, popularly known as "members' wages" 2. The expenditure on the public roads, beyond what was provided for by statute labor, was ann/ally voS emr^rrt'^™' ''r^ " ''"' '''"^<' °f commission mT it 7. "*', ''^ ^'"''' '^^ W^Priations were ot being recorded, that no efforts T|rfii*p -s^ fj 10 FIFTH HEADER. representatives of the people, prior to the union, in either of the Provinces, to procure the establishment of municipal institutions. 3. In the report of the Earl of Durham, who was sent to Canada in 1838, as a High Commissioner, to inquire into the political institutions of the two Provinces, and to suggest remedies for the existing dissatisfaction, the establishment of municipal institutions was strongly recommended ; and when Mr. Poulett Thompson (afterwards Lord Sydenham) was appointed Lord Durham's successor, in order to carry out his Lordship's recommendations that the Provinces should be united, he advised that proA^ision should be made in tjhe Act of Union for establishing municipal institutions. 4. S o strong was the aversion ?X that time on the part of th 3 people of Lower Canada co local tax- ation, that whei the Municipal Council clauses were struck out of the bill for uniting the Provinces which was sent to England by Governor-General Thompson, it was deemed essential by that statesman to procure the enactment by the Special Council of an ordinance establishing those institutions in Lower Canada. It was, moreover, deemed expedient, in order to insure the practical working of the system, that the various exec- utive officers, such as the Warden, Treasurer, and Clerk, should be appointed by the Governor, because it was apprehended that, if those officers were made elective, the ordinance would be a dead letter. 5. When the united Parliament met in 1841, the Go\- ernment was most anxious, not only to extend the mu- nicipal system to Upper Canada, but also to procure the assent of an elected House of Assembly to the system which had been established in Lower Canada by an ordinance of the Special Council. The difficulties of the situation were very great, xnc lust BUBsiuii vl MUNICIPAL GOVEHXMENT. \x the first Parliament opened with a political crisis, which had no connection whatever with the question of municipal institutions, although it had a most important bearing on the course taken in regard to that measure by the political parties. 6. Whatever may be the opin- ion formed as to the details of the municipal ordinance for Lower Canada, it must be acknowledged that it would have been difficult for the government which had procured its enactment to have introduced a more iberal system in Upper Canada than had been estab- hshed in the sister Province. The municipal bill for Upper Canada w?is, therefore, substantially the same as the Lower Canada ordinance, and it soon became evi- dent that a formidable opposition would be met with In both Upper and Lower Canada there were many niembers who were strongly opposed to the introduction ot municipal institutions, and yet these members did not belong to the same political party ; indeed, there has been no period since 1841 when parties were so disorganized as during that first session. 7 The Con servative party, -vhose recognized leader was Sir Allan Macnab, was opposed altogether to the introduction of municipal institutions. The Lower Canadians had no desire to sanction a measure which had been forced on them by the Special Council, and the consequence of which would be the introduction of direct taxation, such as the Upper Canadians had long been subject to. 1 he Upper Canadian Liberals, who followed the lead, ership of Mr. Baldwin, grounded their opposition on the provisions made in the bill for the appointment of municipal officers by the Executive. 8. The members of the government soon gave notice to the House, that It the bill were altered in any important Dartic,il«.. it. would be withdrawn, and this announcement led those 12 PIFTH READER. members who were strongly convinced of the impor- tance of establishing municipal government to lend their ai'd to procure the passage of the bill, believing, as they avowed, that it was more prudent to trust to future amendments to the system than to risk the con- sequences of its rejection. 9. The contest was a severe one, a most important clause having been carried in committee of the whole only by the casting vote of the chairman. The Upper Canada bill, like the ordinance, provided only for county municipalities, which were successfully organized during the recess. These were worked with tolerable success until thte complete remod- elling of the system, in 1849, by the late Hon. Robert Baldwin, who framed the one which still exists, modi- fied to suit the requirements of the people, and which was characterized many years ago by an impartial writer as " a monument of labor and wisdom." lo. In that bill the organization of townships as municipal bodies was first provided for, and it was characteristic of Mr. Baldwin that he adhered with great tenacity tc the designation of " Reeve " for the President of thf Township Council, although there was a very great desire, even among his own supporters, to adopt a more familiar name. Whatever improvements may have been made in the municipal system in modern times, the main feature of Mr. Baldwin's act have been adhered to, and are not likely to be disturbed in the future. Sir Francis Hincks. NOTES. 1. Sir Francis Hincks was born in Cork, Ireland, in 1807. After receiving a good education in the Royal Belfast Institution lie came to push his fortunes in Canada. His aptitude for finance brought him under the notice of prominent public men, and led to his being elected at an early age to Parliament. He was shortly afterwards made Inspector-General, — as the Mluistcr of e impor- to lend )elieving, trust to ; the con- i a severe arried in )te of the rdinance, lich were lese were te reraod- n. Robert 8ts, modi- ,nd which impartial .." 10. In municipal racteristic jnacity to 3nt of thf ery great »pt a moro may have times, the n adhered 'uture. ancis Hincks, 1807. After stitution lie I for finance len, and leil t. He was MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. jg Finance Mas then called, -a position lie filled again In 1869-70 or the Dominion. He took an active part in the aguLtion^or responsible government, and was a far-seeing and earae t nrl motor o railway projects at a time when few believTin lierT He filled for some years the governorship of Barbadoe and oi Bnfsh Gu ana, but retired into private life in 1873 r!„»\T ? n'^S'st'-ates" referred to as paving formerly the right to levy rates in Ontario were the ordinary justices of thl peace appointed by the government. The magistrates o' - ' district met, or held a "session " n«..^ ma 'strates of each «.« county,!., Z ttm Zm, w^;?: te'TX ^^'^i^'lof s,o»» o the Peace," though at these sitting other ra^iaS are seldom present as his associates Tl,. " sw ""fS'strates hole, ^or the trial „, persons crrg^d wuLl rZ ."" """' 3 The sura paid to members of Parliament Is now regarded of tllT^/" ''"'"*" ™''"""'' ""'"» compensa iondof; legislature ^n^Z^'- """"'•" ^"""^ "'« "='»i»"' "' *« 4 " tat',,,. , "' °""" '" " '' " ^O'''"""" mJemnlty." 4. ,^tatute labor" ,s prescribed in Ontario bv act of P«r '^ rn;^ -— rot ti:: p- H£ If he is not assessed for nronerfv if i.« • Jngnway, of the " Snecial Cmu^oU »» « '^'^7 ^" ^''^^- The members half Of tKingF«nchrn?haTfT'1 ^ "'^„ S°-"--'. flrst ordinances decreed .1,, "*'"''• O™ ">' "">" Act,inordTtLtTetbesof'?83rmtf, f" """^^ ^"-P"' dealt with. The CoJ^^' IZZtL^lT.'V^^r'^y lastea irom 1838 to 1840, "" " * '^ii'»J"u"c, 14 FIFTH READER. hr' THE SCHOOL SYSTEM OF ONTAitlO. Defective, wanting In some quality or part. Details', minor parts. Expe'dienoy, leBirablcncss. Instrumental'ity, agency. LeRisla'tive, set apart by act of Parliament. Mach'n'ery, the means for carry- ing on work. Organiza'tion, apian or arrange ment for government ; a regu- larly formed society. Portfo'lio. a caa« for holding loose papers , llie oflftce of a minister of state. Bemod'el, to fashion anew. Pal'ary. wages ; literally, money for salt(l^tin ml, salt). 1. The present adinirable school system of Ontario rlates back to 1844, the year in which tlie late lie v. Dr. Ryerson was appointed Chief Superintendent of Edu- cation for Upi)er Canada. Previous to that time the Province had a very defective municipal organization, and no systematic i)rovision whatever for the establish- ment and maintenance of public schools. 2. From 1844 'to 1848 the Chief Superintendent was employed in ac- quiring a knowledge of the systems of public instruction in the United States and England, and in devising one based upon and adapted to the defective municipal sys- tem then in force. In 1849 the remodelling of the latter system afforded an opportunity for improving the educational machinery, and an act of Parliament mak- ino- the necessary changes was passed in 1850. In this act were embodied the principles on which the school system of Ontario is still based, any changes made since that time having been rather in the details than in the general features of the system. 3. The most important modification of all took place when, on the retirement of Dr. Ryerson, in 1876, from the position of Chief Superintendent, the auministration no. >r HrrHiige t ; a regu- Ulinglootte aiiiinister ,iiew. Uy, money alt). Ontario Rev. Dr. of Edu- time tlie iiization, 'stablish- •om 1844 2d in ae- struction ising one 3ipal sys- g of tiio jving tlie ent mak- In this he school ;e8 made ,ail8 than 3ok place ^76, from -;_A 4.: THE SCnooi. SysTEM OF ONTA RlO. 15 of tl,e Department of Education w.« transferred to . Tr., m'^" ^■''"""™ ^°""<=" of the Province U'^ first Minister placed in charge of the portfoHo of Koocauon was the Hon. Adam Croolcs, of wC in hi farewell circular to the teachers, Dr. U;-erson Ts ".I„ my ret,re„,ent I shall have the satisfaction of knowing that the honoi-able gentlem.an who succeeds me with h? rank and title of Minister of Education, is .", m'i^l t the warmest .eal, and possesses much higher „u 1 fi.^ hons and greater power than I have been able^to co .^ mand, to advaiiee your interests and promote the sound and universal cflucation of our beloved counli-v " 4. Amongst^the causes which have chiefly co„tribu...d Onta 10. Its ren,ov.al as far .as pos.,ible from the erflict of poifcal parties is one of thi „,ost in.port. „t Whih ■nembei-s of all parties have been active i„Tt's,n!.? and interested in i,« improvement, the e ^ev 'h be., any organisation banded togeth;r in 1 o., it • .0 i atK,n l„as been rnJ^ti-J:, "ZT. 1Z without the people of the Province h>2JZ, i -lireetly co„.suited, and afforded ."^oZ'f.Tof '" pres.„gtheiro,a„^^^^^^ stp o'i:d rrrSbTtirvr "- ^-^^ this to the fullest extent ha 1 ' en T 7"""^ ''"'"' eipalorganimion of the Province Th '"^."'»"'- mmtoUt" .1.- -- - . '"^'""e- Through its instrii. " •' """ '^'"'^ "'' »'=hooi purposes are collected. 18 FIFTH READER. J I !\ te annujjl legislative grant is fliatributea. By ^aeai - of this ifttt«r grant, an.l in other ways, it has been t.. adilv impressed upon the peoi)!.' that the school system is their own, that th(^ chief part of its cost must be provi«l(>d by themselves, mfl that any assistance affordec^ them .vill be in direct proportion to what they In on their own behalf In this way there has been fostered a spirit and a hu nt of self-reliance which are quite as valuable as the educational ends more directly achieved. - 6 As the result of the enlightened management of a good system the educational progress \)f tlie Provmee has been extremely rapid. Between 1844 and 1880 the number of publicschool teachers i"^;^^«^'^y'-«"\2'706 to 6,747, and the sum paid them in salaries from $206,000 to ^1 701,870. The amount paid each year by the Prov- ince 'to promote education is $250,000, and the total Bum expended on the schools, $2,822,051. Ail of this latter amount, except what comes from the Province, is raised by taxation imposed by the i^coplc v.u them- selves. , . . p 7 The school law of Ontario makes provision for other than public schools. The adherents of the Roman Catholic Church are permitted under certain conditions to establish separate schools, and those who contribute to their support are free from public-school taxation Provision is also made by law for the establishment of separate schools for the children of the colored popu- lation, which is quite numerous in certain localities that became a resort for runaway slaves before the negroes were emancipated in the United States, 'n.:., lastly, provision is made by law for the esta ;';;•. «^ sec- ondary schools, known as "High Schools," in which .. '' ■■.•-.- _J..„^^/^/l ia/1iir.niinn ill h^nS'llSU* pupils •'**" oiiT.aili au liuvaiivv-i •.••.•.-.- — <^- call Die THE BAUMLCIDE I- EAST. jj mathematics science, an ' languages, bo* .Jcnt and modern. These Il.gh xhocf., over one hundred in number, orm a conne. u,;; link between the public schools and the colk-. < and uuivTrsities. NOTES. tario^!r;i!-^' ^y;"°"7^'' ^^^ «» t„e county of Norfolk. Ou- an(^ In 80.J. H.s father fought in the British service dudnc the Revolut.onary war. and as a U. E. Loyalist l.u to takf etluci.on as the country then afforded, and after tearhi,,.. I llSh "br"'"^.^'" '"'"•^^••^«^ "- MetiLisfciu-c, "*^i: 1829 he became editor of the Christian Guardian and i I84n was chosen the first President of Victoria Sge OoW Im position he gave up on receivin • oappoin n^mof S diX'l^t"' ^' ^'"^^"^"- ^^^^^'- ^ '-« -^ use^^Hi^e';:: th^'roWncttrOmZ'^' ''^ '"'• '''"'^^"- °^ ^^"-'-» »- in 182^ w ' '^''' ^'"'" '" ^'»^ '^^""'y ^f Wentworth universi y of Toronto, graduatuig with tlie Inchest Imnors ,f trandtaf' "•' "-^^•>'>y-«- He entere'd the eTaT^r^ ^ "c, in jon. Ue lias filled sucrosshelv the offirpo nf na iTp ■^^'^^'•^^' Treasurer, and Minister of ELatiou for ll native Province, and all of them alike efficiently ' THE BARMECIDE FEAST. Ab'solute, complete. Acquitted himself, conducted liiniself. Address', cleverness. Appre'ciation. power of setting the true value on. A profound' rev'erenoe, a deep bow. Dessert', dishes of fruit, etc., brought in after dinner. Out'rage. act of violence. Reciin'iiiic, resting. custorasof the v.ou^T^"TlZT-'''^'^'''''' '""^ "^^'^s, n.annors. and bie marvels, such "as are stilTgra;e^'''"S'',t'"/""^' ^^^ """^ '"*"■«**'■ jfraveiy told in Asia Minor, Turkey, and 18 FIFTH READER. other Mohammedan Countries. This is the story which has Civ«n or 8i" to the phrase, a BarmecMe feast. Tho Barmecides were de«cendanto of Barmec a verv able adviser of the Caliph or ruler of all the Mohamme-. dau h; was also tutor, and afterwards vizier (or prime minister) to the greaHaroun-alKaschid (about A.I). 800) ^^/ff «°^,^»*« ^^.^'^^ and renowned for their wit and wisdom ; and it is of one of them that the following story Is told. 1. My sixth brother was called Schacabac, the hare- lipped, who, by reverse of fortune, was reduced to the necessity of begging his bread. In this occupation he acquitted himself with great address, his chief aim being, throu Barmecide.) O my mrte, Sth,"Thif'' 'T^ ' ''''' """^ '"»- ^-S % i™e,u-e iT? " ' "* '"'"'''"• *'^'«- ^^^'<^ didHt thou Barm " It was made by a female slave of mh,e whom I purchased for five hundred pieees of ^1 (Calknj; aloud.) Boy! bring to us the She like of which IS not found among tht viands of kinls Eat O myguest! for thou art ?;„„„ „v. A^'' *'''*'<' in absolute want of food ;;-•*••"-"=*"•'""■"'>' »". '•"d ilill li nf, FIFTH READSn. ScMc. (TwUtinff kU month about «; f !«f ^ heartil!,.) " Verll.v this is a dish worthy the table of *Xt "taTi'xny friend. Boy! place before «s the S fattened wi[h almonds. Now tins .s a d.sh neverTound but at my table, and I wish thee to eat thy *" ."^^ he said this, the Barmecide pretended to take a p ece in his hand and put it to my brother s mo« h XohZhlc held his head forward, opened his mouth, pretended to lake the piece, and to,.hew and swallow it with the sreatest delight. ,.,,., x :+„ tL O^my master, verily this dish hath not its equal in sweetness of flavor." Earm "Do justice to it, I pray, and eat more ot it Tht goose, loo, is very fat. Try only a leg and u wins. Hallo, boy, bring us a fresh supply. lte."0;no:bynoineans; for m truth, my loVa, I cannot eat any more." Barm. " Let the dessert, then, be served, and the f i uit brmi^ht. Taste these dates ; they arc just gathered and very good. Here, too, are some fine walnuts, and here lome delicious raisins. Eat, and be not ashamed. Tmy brother's jaws were by this time weary of eh^S nothing. ^"I assure tW sai^e^^I - so full that I cannot eat another morsel uf this ^beei. Barm. " Well, then, we will now have he wme. Boy bringuTthe win; ! Here, my friend, take this cup ; it wm delight thee. Come, drink my health, and tell me if thou thinkest the wine good." But the wine, like the dinner and dessert, did not aunear However, he pretended to pour some out, and appeal, now , ^,f_ ^^^^.^.y^ y^^ ^^^^ed out another drank tiie nrsi, guiDs, ^'.^•-' i for his guest. if eating e table of before us is is a dish ; to eat thy led to take ?r's mouth, his mouth, [id swallow lath not its jat more of a leg and a ith, my loVd, and the fruit gathered, and uts, and here shamed." me weary of he, " I am so lis cheer." lewine. Boy, e this cup ; it a, and tell mc 3sert, did not some out, and jd out another THE BARMECIDE FEAST. 21 8. My brother took the imaginary glass, and, first hoMng n up to the light to see ,f it was of a good onght color, ho p„t it to his nose to examine'the peilume; then, making a profound reverence to the 5S:.'^ '-"^ '' ^' -'^^' --'^ «^ intense iW~ aJ''l!Z?'t "°""",""' '" "<'" °'" »■'« ''"•"per ^Aae. "O my master, thou hast fed me with thy 22 FIFTH READER. provisions, and treated me with old wine ; and I have become intoxicated, and committed an outrage upon thee. But thou art of too exalted dignity to be angry with me for my ignorance." 10. He had hardly finished this speech before the Barmecide burst into laughter. " Come," said he, " I have long been looking for a man of thy character. Come, we shall now be friends. Thou hast kept up the jest in pretending to eat; now thou shalt make my house thy home, and eat m earnest." Having said this, he clapped his* hands. Several slaves instantly appeared, whom he ordered to set out the tabid and serve the dinner. His commands were quickly obeyed, and my brother now enjoyed the reality of what he had before partaken only in idea. Exercises. — 1. Write a short composition on "' A Barme- cide Feast" from the following heads: (1) A Imngry man obtains admission into the house of a Barmecide. (2) The Barmecide pretends to invite liim to dinner. (3) The courses set before tlie hungry man. (4) Wine ; its pretended effect, and what it led to. (5) Explanation. (6) The Barmecide's con duct afterwards. 2. Explain the following phrases : (1) He acquitted liimseK with great address. (2) By reverse of fortune. (3) This dish hath not its equal in sweetness of flavor. (4) He made a profound reverence. (5) I committed an outrage upon thee. (6) My brotiier now enjoyed the reality of what he had before partaken only in idea, 3. Learn to parse all the words in the following sentence ; The Barmecide began to rub his hands with great delight. 4. Analyze the above sentence. 5. Select from section 4 all the words which may be either nouns or verbs, according to the way in which they are used. (Such as water, hold, etc. ) 6. Give the verbs or the adjectives from which the following nouns are derived: occupation, admission, access, magnifi- cence, obligation, patience, pretence, continuance, obedience. THE DAY OF REST. 23 Mawkish Sawyer Tawny Awful •i. VTith each of the first six words mentioned in the fore- golufi^ exercise, ni?^ke a sentence illustrating its proper use S. i.earn the spelling of the following words, and notice where au Is used, and where aw : — Author Hawthorn Sausage Gaudy Tawdry Saucer Pauper Lawyer F'ulty Auction Awkward August t ^^.Tf ^/rT''"''''^^ '^ * contraction of St. Awdry (short form iov Etheldnda). At St. Awdry, in the isle of Ely, a kind of lace, called "Sin Tawdry's lace," was sold.- Pa J^risTpu re Latin word for poor.-^«c«on comes from the Latin auf,eo, [auctum], I increase; which also gives Aug-ust and auctumn-us, the season of increase.- 5ausaf,e comes from salsus, salted nence, tuo, sauce. ' oi^Zt^^'"'''' *" '^' ^""'^^ ^''^ '^'^ '''''''^^' descriptive sentence ; THE DAY OF REST. Fresh glides the brook and blows the gale, Yet yonder halts the quiet mill ; The whirring wheel, the rushing sail, How motionless and still ! Six days stem Labor shuts the poor From Nature's care-free banquet-hall; The seventh, an Angel opes the door. And, smiling, welcomes all ! Lord Lytton, <^^s=?55-S^ ,i^^^^r2S?^^^=5!5^=, mmm 24 FIFTH READER. ttiL-AOUJ* UP WITH THE DAWN. inflamed spots covered wHb whitish scales. Prime, highest point oi excel- lence. m Brawn'y, stout and mviscular. Grap'ple, to seize and struggle with. Tno'nnd, merry, cheerful. Lep'rosy, an incurable, con- Trav'erse, to cross togiou; disease, marked by | Ty'rant, oppressor. 1. Up with the dawn, ye sons of toil ! And bare the brawny arm, To drive the harnessed team aiield, And till the fruitful farm ; ;overe<* with nt ol excel- UP WITH THE DAWN. To dig the mine for hidden wealth ; Or make the woods to ring With swinging axe, and steady stroke, . To fell the forest king ; ••^ With ocean car and iron steed To traverse land and sea, And spread onr commerce round the globe, As wind that wanders free. " ^. - Subdue the earth and conquer fate, Outspe^d the flight of time : Old earth is rich, and man is young, Nor near his jocund prime. >'« Work ! and the clouds of care will fly ; Pale want will pas» away. Work ! and the leprosy of crmie And tyrants must decay. Leave the dead ages in their urns: * The present time be ours. To grapple bravely with our lot, And strew our path with flowers. Thomas Elliot. DIKECTIONS AND CAUTIONS FOR READING. t«J,''Tin;7.^Ar"l^M'^^''^'^''^"^**°P'^^« ^he accent upon xoith. Line 6: Make the words to ring run into the next line. Verse 3. -Line 1: Do not accent and. Line 2: Pale must li:ToTSV'''''''f'''"''''- ^^''■- 1^0 not accent " ace n't on wul'Tf'l' ""'' '"''''- ^*"« '"' ^^^^^^ ^^^^ verse- accent on loith, and make wU/i-ow-lot one word. iiouse or me dead man's relatives. "' """ "^^'' '" '"''' 25 liii! X 26 FIFTH READER. t \ m^ 1 !! ! i i ; ij j \\ i WATER DESTROYING AND FIRE BUILDING UP. Antag'onism, opposition. Concep'tion, notion, idea. Cone, a round, solid, pointed figure like a sugar-loaf. Convul'sion, a violent and sud- den movement. Cube, a solid square. Cur'rent, a body of water (or air) moving in a certain direction. Demonstra'tion, proof. Es'timate, calculate. Qeol'Dgy, the science which deals with the structure of the earth; from the Greek ge, the earth, and logos, a discourse. Insignificance, unimportance. Nep'tune, the Roman god of the sea. Pre'cipice, a very steep place; Lat. prceceps, headlong. Sound'ing, a measuring of the depth of water by nieans of a line and plummet. Volca'no, a burning mountain; from the Latin Vulcanus, the god of fire. 1 We see everywhere, along every coast-line, the sea warring against the land, and every wiiere over- IE !, the earth, rse, nportance. n god of the steep place ; long. ring of the y means of a 5 mountain ; '^ulcanus, the t-line, the iere over- IVATER AND FIRE. ^ t to pieces; grmdmg those pieces to powder, carrying that powder away, and spreading it out over he oce,n floois by the continued effect of the tides and cLrents Look at the chalk cliffs, which once, no doubt exte„,W aero, the English Channe. to the 'simit c^st" French coast. 2. What do we see? Precipices cut ■lown to the sea-beach, constantly hammered by Z waves, and constantly crumbling; the beach itself made of the flints still remaining after the Jter J^l has been grounWown and washed away; and Temntt n. the,r t„rn gradually grinding one another under the ame ceaseless discipline, _ fi,.,t rounded into pebbles hen worn into sand, and then earned out farther am] tarthe, to be replaced by fresh ones from The same « Jn/Tf ; ofT"' ""'."". '' ^"'"^ "" even^e/^ere, round by toot or mch by mch, month by month, or century 18 conta med i„ the great pyramid of Ecypt ^ The Irrawaddi sweens ofF fr«r« id i. ^ojpi" J ne cubic fPot nf !!^.l ^m-m^h an avera^re of 6i> a e Seloofo . •" "'''^ ^'^""^ «^ *'"^^' '-^"^ there Tear td nth '" 'r'*^ ^•'^^' '^^"^ '^^^ ^^^^^^ i» «very year , and other rivers have a like efteet. 5 What ' ':T:^r,.f:^l'::t'-'f ^■".^•^ which :reo„: .ass WRamsg;.-rB;rt:Brh; Ht^:r I 28 FIFTH READER. m ning inland to Madamscourt Hill and Sevenoaks? All clean gone, and swept out into the bosom of the At- lantic, and there forming other chalk-beds. 6. Now, geology assures us, on the most conclusive and imde- niable evidence, that aix our present land, all our continents and islands, have been formed in this way out of the ruins of former ones. The old ones which existed at the beginning of things have all perished, and what we now stand upon has most assuredly been at one time or other, perhaps many timos, the bottom of the sea. * i i • 7. Well, then, there is power enough at work, and it has been' at work long enough, utterly to have cleared away and spread over the bed of the sea all our present existing continents and islands, had they ben* placed where \hey are at the creation of the world. From this It follows, as clear as demonstration can make it, that, without some process of renovation or restoration to act in antagonism to this destructive \-'ork of old Neptune, there would not now be remaining a foot of ary land for a living thing to stan-l upon. 8. Now, what is this process of restoration? Let the volcano and the earthquake tell their tale. Let the earthquake tell how, within the memory of man, in the presence of eyewitnesses,— one of whom (Mrs. Graham) has described the fact, — the whole coast-line of Chili, for about one hundred miles around Valparaiso, with the mighty chain of the Andes, — mountains compared with wliich the Alps shrink into insignificance, — was suddenly raised (in a single night, November 19, 1822) from two to seven feet above its former level, leaving the beach below the old low-water mark high and dry ; +1.^ oV.«ll.fioli Qtir-lrincr nn the rocks OUt of rcach ■ of water ; leaving the searweed rotting in the air, or WATER AND FIRE. 29 rather clryinj. „p to dust under the burnincr «„„ of a ^^ where n.in seldom falls, o. The ancients had a table that Titan « was hurled from heaven and burled under ^tna, wliere his struggles caused the earthquakes I AN ACTIVE VOLCANO. thHt desolated Sicily. But here we have an exhibition of T.ta„,o forces on a far mightier scale. One of he hom-To'Z";'-:.";? "'■"■'"""." ^'^'P^'-aiso. To bring aom. t. the mind the conception of such an eiJort, we 80 FIFTH HEADER. must form a clear idea what sort of mountain this is. It is nearly 24,000 feet in height, lo. Chimborazo, the loftiest of the volcanic cones of the Andes, is lower by 2,500 feet; and yet /Etna, with Vesuvius at the top of it, and another Vesuvius pi'.ed on that, wmild little more than surpass the midway height of the snoto-cov- ered iwrtion of that cofie^ which is one of the many chimneys by which the hidden fires of the Andes tind vent. On the occasion I am speaking or, at least 10,000 square miles of country were estimated as having been upheaved ; and the upheaval was not con- fined to the land, but extended far away to sea, which was proved by the soundings oft Valparaiso and along the coast having been found considerably shallower than they were before the shock. 11. Again, in the year 1819, during an earthquake in India, in the district of Cutch, bordering on the Indus, a tract of country more than fifty miles long and sixteen broad was suddenly raised ten feet above its former level. The raised portion still stands up ahoxp the unraised, like a long perpendicular wall, which is known by the name of the " Ullah Bund," or " God's Wall." And again, in 1538, in that convulsion which threw up the Monte Nuovo (New Mountain), a cone of ashes 450 feet high, in a single night, the whole coast of Pozzuoli, near Naples, was raised twenty feet above its former level, and so remains, permanently upheaved, to this day. Innumerable other instances of the same kind could be readily mentioned. 12. This, then, is the manner in which the earthquake does its work, — and it is always at work. Somewhere or other in the world there is perhaps not a day, cer- tainly not a month, without an earthquake. In those districts of South r.nd Central America where the great 1 coas • uph wen cour WATER AND FIHE. 81 Cham of voIcnn.c cones is ^^imtod, - Cl.imborazo, Coto- paxi,aiKl a long list with ^Jun.os unmentionable, or at least unpronounecable,- the inhabitants no more think of count.r jr earthquake shocks than we do of countinjr .bowers .f ra.n. Indeed, in some places alon^ thaf coast a shower is. a greater rarity. Ky^n in Great ntmu. near Perth/ a year seldom passes without a shock,--happ,ly, within the records of history, never powerful enough to do any mischief. Sir John Herschel {abridged). ^ NOTES. Xo\ "^inf T/''' ''''.''r' ^'•«^^^-'^^««<' Structures, sloping off to a pent. Those of Egym, some of which are over four lousand years ohl. were inteu.lc.I as tombs for thekinT The ^.^hest reaches an elevation of four hundred and eighty fe mri Z'i^^ !' ""To '"" ^°"" °^ ^''^ '"'''^^ '<^ood and tooia Tint part of Kent and Sussex which is now called the WphI i «.. • 4. In the neighborhood of Corarie, in Perthshire. SUMMARY, do thi« -^ Ti T , • ^' ^^>® '■'vers he p the sea to volcano and the eLtCake \ I^T/T'-F"'"''' ''"' ''''' coast of Chili w.e . . ^ hundred miles of the whole coasl-line. ..,e ^eaflf aI ^ °a ^'1 ,t ,^i?f """ "" upheaved 7 On t»,« o. ^*^"^*^."^' 24,000 feet high, was also /ere upheaved 8 uZ °'''''*'" '^'^ ^^"^''^ ™"^^ ^^ J^"^' count "vtrwi. ±...'1="!! y^^"- ^«'»'. ^ square miles of the former levef "y'l^i^ S' *" earthquake ten feet above 'evei. 9. In lo38 the coast of Italy, near Naples, 32 FIFTH HEADER. m !! !!;! '•\\\ was raised twenty feet above its old level. 10. The earthquake, like the sea and the rivers, is always at work. Composition. — Write a short paper on the contents of this lesson from the following heads: 1. The land constantly worn down. 2. The materials carried out to sea. 3. Clialk cliffs of England. 4. Action of rivers, with illustrations. 5. Means of restoring the land. 6. The Chili earthquake. 7. The earth- quake of 1S19. 8. Monte Nuovo. 9. Volcanic fire always at work. Exercises. — 1. Parse all the words in the following sen- tence : There is hardly an instance of an active volcano at any considerable distance from the sea-coast. 2. Analyze the above. ^ 3. Select, from section 12, words which may be either nouns or verbs, according to the way in which they are used. 4. WHte in columns, with definitions, a number of words, some descriptive of the earth, others of the sea; also a num- ber of compound or derivative words, some of earth, others of sea. 5. Distinguish tl neaning of soil, 7nass, chain, ashes, suh- atauce, in the following pairs of sentences: (1) The soil of Egypt is fertilized by the overflowing Nile. Be careful not to so<7 the silk. (2) The Catholic soldiers go to mass. What a mass of useful facts the book contains. (3) The great chain of the Andes runs from north to south of South America. Wiiat a chain of evidence. (4) Here lies the ashes of the dead. Vesuvius tiirew out a great shower of ashes. (5) He was a man of substance. Write out the substance of the lecture. Also indicate any connection in uieaniiig between the words soil, etc., etc., in the various pairs of sentences. THE WHITE SHIP. 3a rhe earthquake, contents of this constantly worn Chalk cliffs of s. 5. Means of 7. The earth- ic fire always at ! following sen- ; volcano at any be either nouns •e used. mher of words, ea; also a num- earlh, others of win, ashea, snb- (1) The soil of Se careful not to mass. What a lie great chain oi \nierica. What es of the dead. (5) He was a the lecture. tween the words THE WHITE SHIP. Exhaust'ed, worn out. iMftin'xra-^ +i, , Liege, lord; originally a lord of M^^^ "y^**' *1^« largest cross ,. Jf"'^ 5'°/"!' ""^ "« yoMB'" -on of William th, C^ ». V uituiujf. txe w as, in fact, much more at home ia tlUftUhk^i^^X^!'^'?' 34 FIFTH READER. li 'i Norinaudy, and was much more of a Norman than he was an Eiiglisli- man. Indeed, he could uot be called an Englishman at all, either by bkth or in language. He reigned from 1100 to 1135. 1. King Henry I. went over to Normandy with his ^on, Prince William, and a great retinue, to have the prince acknowledged as his successor by the Norman nrbles, and to contract the j)romised marriage between him and the daughter of the Count of Anjou. Both these things were done with great show and rejoicing ; and the whole company prepared to embark for home. 2. When all was ready, there came^to the king Fitz- Stephen, a sea-captain, who said : " My liege, my father served j^our father all his life upon the sea. He steered the ship with the golden boy upon the prow, in which your father sailed to conquer England. I beseech yon to grant me the same office. I have a fair vessel in the harbor here, called the White Ship,i manned by fifty sailors of renown. I pray you, sire, to let your servant have the honor of steering you to England." 3. " I am sorry, friend," replied the king, " that my vessel is already choijcn, and that I cannot therefore sail with the son of the man who served my father. But the prince, with all his company, shall go along with you in the fair White Ship, manned by the fifty sailors of renown." 4. An hour or two afterwards the king set sail in the vessel he had chosen, accompanied by other vessels, and sailing all night with a fair and gentle wind arrived upon the coast of England in the morning. While it was yet night, the people in some of the king's ships heard a faint wild cry come over the sea and wondered what it was. 5. Prince William Avent aboard the White Ship with One Luuured and forty youthfui nobles like himself, THE WHirn SHIP. gg ™r Tl",''™.'™'-'' •"■g''t«^» '>»ble ladies of the highest .h «f. ■, S'"^ company, with their servants and the fifty sa^o,-s, made three hundred souls. Give three caslis of wine, Fitz-Stephen " slid fl.<. pnnce, "to the fifty sailors of renown. ' Jly'fat or he «% and the' White S silT'ove'rl ^ rSl vessel ;n attendance on your father, if we sail al f* Id' the sails were all spf a«/i ♦v^ ,. ""**'"• ^ut ^ itz-Stepheii himself at the helm ^' w.^:ei:; iCaii^'^rcarus t.L^^^^^^^^^ ,'■^^- yet, for the honor"ofl'e White 'si?" '" ""''^ ""^^^ i-;ts.™twV:hec:v7 ""'? *'°'" ""-"o >-"«'-' of the kilTeaM fa n V '"T " '" «>e distant vessels .SI,;., v„j f ■ ">^ "" *''o water. The White Ktz Ste rV*°" " '•"'"' ""-J ^"^ going downi fewntbir-Aroff";?^^^^^^^ the land. It is not fan 'ff J. "'^'^''' """'* ""^ *» ■est of us mus^dt '• ' ""'' "" ''^ '^ ^«'°°«'- ^ho «• But as they rowed awav f„.f t ., ._. . ,^ a» prinee heard the V^ce-of 'LTsl^rer'S 86 FIFTH READER. 1!' calling for help. He never in his life had been so good as he was then. He cried, in an agony, " Row back at any risk ! I cannot bear to leave her ! " They rowed back. As the i)rince held out his arms to catch his sister, sucli numbers leaped in that the boat was upset. And in the same instant the White Ship went down. 10. Only two men floated, — a nobleman named God- rey, and Berold, a poor butcher of Rouen. They both clung to the main-yard of the ship, which had broken from the mast, and now supported them. By-and-by another man came swimming towards them, whom they knew, when he pushed aside his long wet hair, to be Fitz-Stephen. When he heard that the prince and all his retinue had gone down, Fitz-Stephen, with a ghastly face, cried, " Woe, woe to me ! " and sank to the bottom. 11. The other two clung to the yard for some hours. At length the young noble said, faintly, " I am ex- hausted and chilled with the cold, and can hold on no longer. Farewell, good friend ! God preserve you 1 " So he dropped and sank ; and, of all the brilliant crowd, the poor butcher of Rouen alone was saved. In the morning some fishermen saw him floating in his sheep- skin coat, and got him into their boat, — the sole relater of the dismal tale. 12. For three days no one dared to carry the intelli gence to the king. At length they sent into his presence a little boy, who, weeping bitterly, and kneel- ing at his feet, told him that the White Ship was lost with all on board. The king fell to the gi-ound like a dead man, and »»pvf>r .qft.o.rwards was seen to smile. Charles JJicfcens. THE WHITE SHIP. 37 been so good Row back at ead man, and Charles lUckens, NOTES. 2. Barfleur. a small seapoit, fifteen miles east of fi.^.K SUMMARY. K'ligs ship had been a read v eixrawoH o^ i with Fitz-Stephe„. 5. P;ince VilMni ! ''"' '''" ^^""^« eighteen ladies and one h .dreJ . f ""''"' ^" ^^'''"^ ^^''"' «. VVith then- servants an thP. ■? ^?"^ y^""^ "°'»«n^cn. ed souls on boir " rlolJT' T'" ^''^ ^'""^^ '^""■ casks of wine rTrusiinl f, '''"^ "'' '*''°'"« ''^^ three -ptain did "ot sail U I iT, ^ rvi'^.r' '? ^'^^^^'' "- of the harbor of liarfleur tS t } ""^ ^''^ ''^'P ^^^^t out 10. Fit.-Stephen hh nS waratTeLr TCZ'' '^r^^' were rowing? their hardest nil " , • ^^^^ fifty sailors struck upon a rock 12 F.'t.^t T' '''' ^''^" ^'"^ '''"P a few nobles, into a boat 3 tZ " '"''■'■^'' ''^^ P'''"^^' ^'"' prince ueard the voice of li s s.-sf ^.r?"' '^'''^''Soff, when the They rowed back TnH f ' '^^^"^ ''''^"'"S fo"- ^'eJp. 14. it wL UPS t n All "r'^''' ''"P^^^ '"^^ ^>'« bo^t tha Stephencam'up swi^nn^.t T'^^'^'P*^'"'^^^ ^«- Fit^- holdingontoa varrTn, ^,°,"'' °"'^'' ^^^^ men, who were When he heard that :n ^'^''^ "^'"^ ^''^"^ ^'^^ P'-inee. 17 0^..y one nf^ a ^tetH? EJ'^J^^olr JJlT trT ' " =tUt:;::rrtitH^^^^^^^^ the foCLTo" thn J"\' ' pr;-^ w-;;'''^ ^^"^^ ^'^'p " ^••- , '"^-indy in the VVhirshin 2 "n ^^ '^™ '"^"''"^ ^'^"^ ^^r- deal of wine. 3. The l^n stHi. '''^"''' *'""" ^^''""'^ ^ ^ve^^ itmt inf^ „ K.„. / .! '^^'P strikes on a rook, 4. Th^ nrS^.^ :„ I '*™pea, and all are drowned except one. 38 FIFTH READER, Exercises. -1. Explain the following phrases- t\\ tk- prince was acknowledged as his father'ssuccessor f2) A rl^ veLunThPi' 7'"^! '" "'' ^""°^'"° ««"t^"««^ I l^ave a fair vessel in he harbor here, manned by fifty sailors of renown 3. Analyze the above sentence. ^<^n»y/n. 4. Distinguish the meaning of sM,ceede(?, contracted .hnnt Mr. and intelligence in the following pa! s of entfnts^^^ Benry. ucceeded William. His plan hls'^not/ucrc^eT (2' A marriage was contracted between the two , young plople H^ Z7ir .'^f r^^'^^' ''' '''' contracted, fs) The'lamekeepe Th btg inwirnot ?-^'"^" ^^^ '^^^""'"^ to'ZTTi. 1 ne Dargain was not a fair one. I bought the horse at a fan- i^ii^:^diSr^rhir^""^^-- -^^-.4^0^ IdfatVommon!'"^ ""'^ ^^^^^' '" "'« ^^^''^ «^ -^— , any HE NEVER SMILED AGAIN. [This poem relates to the event recorded in the story of "The White Ship."] ^ ^^'^ Blent, mingled. , m , Pes'tal. belonging to a feast Tour'ney. a contest with spear, Min'strels.nmsiclns • 7 '^T"' ^ '^^"^back, b. I tween knights. Vows, promises of love. 1. The bark that held a prince went down, I he sweeping waves rolled on ; And what was England's glorious crown 1 o /lim that wept a son ? He lived, - for life may long be borne H "e sorrow break its chain ; Why comes not death to those who mourn ?»- HE NEVER SMILE J^ AGAIN. f. There stood proud forms around his throne, The stately and the brave; But who could fill the place of one, - ihat one beneath the wave'^ Before him passed the youno<,„ „ ^ .'"' ^"'c ;;. avoIu the *«/« are the two^ChlKorts.'' *"""''• ^'"'"' ^-* 89 40 FIFTH. READER. iiii;. illlll-!' THE BRAVE MAN. Aloof, away. Arrayed', dressed. Mien, manner and carriage. Pistoles', Spanish gold coins, worth about ?3.86 each. ".■Tof' fered, ottered. Stems, holds out against. Surge, the billowy water. Trib'ute, something to be paid. Wrack, the blocks of ice and pieces of timber carried down by the flood. 1. Loud let the Brave Man's praises swell A» oi'gari blast, or clang of beli I THE BRA VE MAN. Of lofty soul and spirit stronjr, n^ asks not gold, - |,e asks but song f Then glory to God, by whose gift I raise The tribute of song to the Brave Man's ,,raiso ! The thaw wind came from the southern sea, Diwy and dark o'er Italy; The scattered clouds fled far aloof As flees the flock before the wolf • ' It swept o'er the plain, and it strewed the woo<] And It burst the ice-bands on river and flood With the voice of a thousand waterfalls ; i he waters are over both field and dell, - St. 1 doth the land-flood wax und swell- And high roll its billows, as in their tia k , J ''ey hurry the ice-crags, . floating wrack. On pillars stout, and arches wide A bridge of granite stems the tide • And midway o'er the foaming Hood, Upon the bridge the toll-house stood Ihere du^lleth the gate-man, with babes and wife- O, seest thou the water? Quick! flee for thy Hf-' ' a. Kear .nd more near the wild waves ur^e • J-ud howls the wind, loud roars the sur^e;' The gate-man sprang on the roof in fright le ciiui trotl . to our sins be o-ood ' We are lost we are lost ' Th« « ,? ' ,' , ^rc lost . 1 he flood ! the flood ' " High rolled the waves I In headlong track Hither and thither dashed the wrfck On either bank uprose the flood : ocarce on their base the arches stood 1 41 42 11 nil ItEAUEli. ii: The gate-man, trembling for house and life, Out-8creani8 the storm with his babes and wife. 4. High heaves the flood-wrack, — block o!i block, The sturdy pillars feel the shock ; On either arch the surges break, On either side the arches shake : They totter! they sink 'neath the whelming wave ! All-merciful Heaven, have pity, and save ! Upon the river's further stratid A trembling crowd of gazers ptan^ ; In wild despair their hands they wring, Vet none may aid or succor bring ; And the *ha[)loss gate-man, with babel and wife, Is screaming for help through the stormy strife. 5. When shall the Brave Man's praises swell As organ blast, or clang of bell ?-— Ah ! name him now, he tarries long; Name him at last, my glorious song! O, speed ! for the terrible death draws near; ( ) Brave Man ! O Brave Man ! arise, appear I Quick gallops up, with headlong speed, A noble Count on noble steed ! And, lo ! on high his fingers hold A i)urse well stored with shining gold. "jTwo hundred pistoles for the man who shall save Yon perishing wretch from the yawning wave ! " * 6. Who is'the Brave Man, say, my song: Shall to the Count thy meed belong? Though, Heaven be praised, right brave he be, I know a braver still than he ; O Brave Man! O Brave Man! arise, appear! £ il. _ J. M !_...•. ivi s/uc" tcrnoie ui3aiu uraws near I THE BRAVE MAN. 48 And ever higher swell the waves, And louder still the storm-wind raves, And lower sink their hearts in tear — O Brave Man! O Brave Man! haste, appear! Buttress and pillar, they groan and strain, And the rocking arches are rent in twain ! T. Again, again, before their eyes High holds the Count the glitteri.ig prize : All see, but all the danger shun, ~ Of all the thousand stirs «o^ one And the gate-in.^/t, in vain, through the tumult wild, Outscreams the tempest, with wife and child. But who amid the crowd is seen, in peasant garb, with simple mien, Firm, leaning on a trusty stave, In form and feature tall and g.-ave 9 He hears the Count, and the scream of fear • Hesers that the moment of death draws near! " ». Into a skiff he boldly sprang • He braved the storm that rou'nd him rang; H( called aloud on God's great name, - And back he a deliverer came But the fisher's skiff seems all too small, h rom the i aging waters to save them all. The river lound them boiled and surged ; 1 hriee through the waves his skiff he ur^ed And back through wind and waters' roa^ ' He bore them safely to the shore; In the fisher's skiff through the danger passed. «• Who is the Brave Man ? Sav. mv «nn. i wiiom shall that high name belJng?""' ii FIFTH READEH. 'm JJravely the peasant ventured in, Hut 't was, pcvhanco, the prize to win. if tho generous Count had proffered no gold, 1 ho peasant, n.ethinks, had not been so 1 oIar^ntr.Un. "^ but read ,„„„.«„ ,;v' , „^: "^ ^ "KLrr'-^r J' 3:^/nspmnW ^^^'^ '^ '"^'•e empl.atic than /.oWa. Line vvorl and £ ,t' "°^ '''' ^^"« ^^ ^^^^"-"^ i» the chief 8 - Line « r^ '"^ "^''^ ^™P'^^^'^ ^^ '^''d^ »«« «« ^- Verse Composition. -Write the storv of -t... r...,. i.r„^ » ,. _ -eioi.uwingneads: l. A flood in the North of i^r 2. Th"^ 45 Ill 1 !l Hi 1 |i i 46 FIFJI RE A DEE. blocks of. Ice come down and strike a bridge. 3. A large pi» t of It is carried away. 4. The bridge-keeper and his family arc in danger. 5. A nobleman offers a purse of gold to any one who will save them. 6. A peasant jumps into a boat, and brings the family away in safety. 7. The nobleman offers him the purse; but he says .... EXEKC1SES.-1. Explain the following phrases: (1) A bridge of granite stems the tide. (2) High heaves the flood- wrack. (3) The river's further strand. (4) Thrice through the wave his skiff he urged. (6) Loftier was the soul displayed by the peasant. (6) 1 barter not my life for gold. (7) Honest 2. Parse the words in the following sentence : And back, through wind and waters' roar, He bore them safely to the shore. And is a copjunction, connecting this sentence with another sentence going before. Be careful to distinguish between water's and ioaters\ |li{;"lt 'I INGRATITUDE. Convince', to compel to believe. Expos'tulated, remonstrated or protested against wrong. Fells, barren, stony hills. Pi'nally, in the end once for all. Har'bored, gave shelter to. Banged, extended, went as far as. Rec'ompensed, rewarded. Refer', carry a question to a per- son to have it decided. Requite', pay bacli. With design to, with the inten- tion of. Wo'ful, sorrowful. 1. A traveller passing through a thicket, says a Persian fable, and seeing a few sparks of a fire, whicli some passengers had kindled as they went that way before, turned his steps and walked up to it. On a sudden the sparks caught hold of a bush in the midst of which lay an aader, and set it in Hames. The adder entreated the assistance of the traveller, who, tying a bag to the end of his staff - - - :># ••^-k^i-kl-k A i-X. VAU M^X\J _ J J _ INGRATITUDE. 47 h the inteu- drew it out He then bade it go where it pleased, but never more be hurtful to men, since it owed its life to n man's compassion. 2. The adder, however, prepared to bite him ; and, when he expostulated how unjust it was '^r^^Lf"^ T'^^ "''"' " ^ '^"" ^« "« "^«^'^'" «aid the adder, « than what you men practise every day, whose custom It IS to requite benefits with ingratitude. If vou can deny this truth, let us refer it to the first we meet " 8. The man consented, and, seeing a tree, put a question to It m what manner a good turn was to be recom- pensed, " If you^nean according to the usage of men," replied the tree, « by its contrary. I have been standing here these hundred years to protect them from the scorching sun, and in requital they have cut down my Upon this the adder looked insultingly at the man, who appealed to a second evidence, which was granted Ind immediately they met a cow. 4. The same demand menT tr T\ ''' ""^ ^"^"^^ ^-en, that among men n was certainly so. "I know it," said the cow^ time u^ h 'TT'' ' ^'^ ^ ^^^^«^rved a man this long time wah „„ik, butter, and cheese, and brou-ht him mHnro^h ' r'^>--^butnowI amold,!^ un" who will «r \T"\ ^''^' '^'''^'' ^^ «^" "^^ '^ ^ ^^^tcher, w ho w I shortly make an end of me." 5. The travellei- upon th;s stood confounded, but desired of courtesy on sTo lid m ' t ' T.'"f ^ J"'«^' ^^ ^^^ "-^ ^^««t'the; should meet. This happened to be the fox, who, upon peTaled r'"*' " '-IV^'^ circumstances, c'ould UTb persuaded It was possible for the adder to get into so agam, the fox told the man he had now his enemy in his power, and with th.at h- fo.f^^o^ .r.. i K crushed the adder to death.' ~ '"'"^'"^'^ "" """^ "'''' ■MMMMil y;^!!: • :i lii . II iit! ill''!," ill > !' m I I M I . I 48 FIFTH READER. THE WARMED SNAKE. 6. Once on a time, Ps ^sop tells, A man, in winter's iron weather, Found on the bare and wind-swept fells A snake, its coils frost-bound together. He raised the creature from the ground, And was about to Hing it by. When, lo I some spark of life he found Still glowing in its evil eye. 7. The man, whose large compassion ranged E'en to that reptile most unblest. Sudden his idle purpose changed, And placed the serpent in his breast. Under his kindly bosom's glow Slowly the stiffened coils outdrew ; The thickening blood resumed its flow, The snaky instincts waked anew. 8. The man was glad to feel awake The crawling life within his vest ; For to have harbored e'en a snake Is ])leasure in a generous breast. Sudden he stops, with shriek and start, — Then falls a corpse all swollen and black ! The snake's fell tooth had stopped the heart Whose warmth to life had brought it back. NOTE. -ffiJsop was a Greek slave -svlio lived in the island of Samos (in the J5gean Sea) about the end of the sixth century b.c. He was fond of uttering wise thoughts in the form of fables: and a very large number of suck is ascribed to him. THE WARMED SNAKE. 49 fells ether. nd, jund anged 3t. 3W, m art, — \ black ! he heart II it back. and of Samos h century b.c\ )rm of fables: im. DIRECTIONS AND CAUTIONS FOR READING. Verse 6. —Line 1: on-a-time to be read as on- w«.» EEHstF ■- "^"^^ u m. VERSE 7. —Line 2- Avoid accent on to. Versf 9 Lmc 3: Xo accent on to. Line 7: Put an emphaL on LT fonrrgraX-f tI^^ 'V ^^ " mgratltufe "^uX^^ t luuuwingueaas. i. The travel er and the firp 9 vu^ ^ uct „, .^auaer i„ the Are. 3. U, conZt'^iJoltluL f^,.;n^- X. '^leireo, with tlie answer of papIi Criticise the answer of Uip trpp nn/t «* .1 "^'''fi or eacn. i" prce the suUstan,^ of'"" xte Wa"!^ s^a.:"' """•^"^ Exercises.- 1. Explain the following phrases- (11 Ti,„ s wZ hfaat ",3, r'' ™'"-'"''°" '" «" - -'"- (41 L^tusreL^u^the'fi'r^rrrerT'ir' "!"; ?"• r;orrtr?T,i'^: /«» "'-ai:r;.s:;r^ 3. An he above sentence. 8. Give the meaning of these words. •^s>M^^f- il so FIFTH HEADER. ill! f A \\\ • '-(t i 1 ; THE PRESENTATION OP THE GREAT CHARTER. MAGNA CHARTA. Ar'bitrary, not according to set- tled law or custom ; despotic. Burgh'er, an inhabitant of a burgh ; a citizen or freeman. Oompul'sory, fo':ced. Denounce', to accuse publicly, Despot'io, having all power. Enaot'ment, law, decree. Ex'iled, sent out of one's native country; from Latin ex, out of. For'feituTe, losing the right to Ob'solete, gone out of use. Outlawed, deprived of the pro- tection of the law. Patriot'io, loving one's country or fatherland. Paer, an equal, an associate ; from Latinpar, an equal. Shrivelled, wrinkled, shrunk. Ven'erable, worthy of honor or reverence, VU'Iein, a man attached to a vUla ^P^^^r-V^:k'.':l?tgi^M ohed to A villa MAGNA CHARTA, -- of John that drove his baro„T,„,' i ,1^' '' "'^'Sshness a..d led them to dem ^d wThei"™ nlT •"-"""' 'i'"' awrittc„chanor„fnghtsa.Tdp rf'^r'S- C'^m-to, or Great Charter is«till .In 1 • i^"'"'" law and E„..lish liberTv A . f" "^ ^^^''S"* hundred yeaS :'ifl^; .f -"f ^7"^ "'" ^''^ the eharter many of its dcH k hT ""' ^"^"^ Sainted unneeessary, its ZT T \ . ,'"'~"'« obsolete or th.differen' e ifZ, "W- °f ''-''<»» still mark tionally governed .and"LsoTsm " TTir^''''" and in.portant step towards Tu 1 2^'= .!'> ^"^^" S'""' was that this charter was C^ t :' f' '™'"™' pf reform had been made ZwC^^oriT T*" 't is easy to see how such pr^nis^es colld 1 "f ''' "'"' and injurediyt::\- ':;T\r;:i,tt"j2^ :^ hang„,gfro„ the venerable parchment * '"" ^v thi ifcrrst?"''""*^ °^ exeommnnleation » lovcoursewih Christ. '""^"I'-T" "" "^f™"' al, in- ho wished to obu:i?il""' ^"'•"'"' '^''"^'^ ''^"1" rebellious barons and of r!.' ''"''''T "^ ^"'''''"•"S his in France, I^^Ter. eXf ^f ''I \t ''T"'""' excommunication removed „^' , ^- ^^tence of of the Pope, he "ave Whi; *" *'" ''■■'^'' ">« '"vor into the hands of tie nnlr'""'" ''"'' •■'' ^^"Siom again o„„ „„ ::„',iirjx r:- .:t t"'' ''"^ , vassal of the Pope 4 Tl,e ^7 • ^ "''"'<"'''»"' «■• I obtain his vishedlr alH r f 57"' "* " ^'^'""' "»«' '<> I jand was rous^dlf the tilv!!!!^" '««•>" En^ -aron and burgher wer,-M,,e M^ ^ ~J^ C 1 i'jil ll'fi 1 l» Ai i 52 FIFTH READER. to a foreign power. At Easter, 1215, the barons met at Stamford, with two thousand knights and squires, and agreed to carry their charter of rights to John for signature. Tiieir leaders were Stephen Langton, Arch- bishop of Canterbury, and William, Earl of Pembroke. 5. The king, deserted by nearly all his barons, promised to grant them their desires, and demanded a day and place for the meeting. "The day, the 15th of June; the place, Hunnymede," the barons replied. And there, below the walls of Windsor, on a broad green meadow, still known by the name of Runnymede, John met his barons and signed the charter dear to the heart of every patriotic Englishman, c. But though he signed it, it was not of his own free will ; he hated both it and the men who had forced him to sign it. When he left the meeting, and returned to Windsor, he flung himself on the floor in a rage, gnawing sticks and straws in his fury, and cursing his rebellious barons. But the charter was signed. In the 61st, the last important clause, was the king's promise faithfully to observe all that was contained in it under pain of for- feiture of his power and lands. 7. Twenty-four barons were appointed to see that the charter was truly carried into effect ; and if the king or his agents failed to obey its provisions in the smallest particular, it was the duty of these barons to denounce the abuse before the king, and demand that it should be instantly reformed. " They have given me f our-and-twenty over-kings ! " cried John, in hir, fury. 8. Magna Charta may be divided into three parts: the first relating to the affairs of the clergy ; the second relating to the interests of the nobility ; the third and most important providing for the protection of the lif^ liberty, and property of all freemen. MAGNA CHART A. 68 e barons met I and squires, s to John for !ington, Arch- of Pembroke. 3ns, promised led a day and 5th of June; !. And there, -een meadow, John met his leart of every ! signed it, it )th it and the en he left the tig himself on straws in h]s 51st, the last faithfully to r pain of for- y-four barons I truly carried 'ailed to obey was the duty 'ore the king, ly reformed, over-kings! " three parts: r; the second he third and on of the life^ The mterests of the clergy were already settled by a charter and it was necessary only that this charter •should be conftrmed. The nobility were protected from arbitrary reliefs,^ the abuses of the wardship of the crown were reforined,« a„d widows were secured from compulsory marriage, to which they had been before lable, o the profit of the crown, -either the kin., had the right to sell a widow's hand to a rich suitor, or he would have to pay a heavy fine for the ,,rivilege of choosing for liereelf. ° 9. These eimctn^nts redressed the worst .nievanees of the nobles, who held their lands „s tenants of the kmg on eondition of n.ilitary service. The freedom of he c,ty of Loelon, and of all towns and bor- oughs, was secured. Permission to trade in England was granted to foreign merchants. The Court of Com- mon Pleas' was no longer to follow the king's pemn but was to s,t m a Hxcd place. The tyranny exerc sTd :icred '"""■"""' "' '"^ '■"^^' ^"-'^ ^^^ thr. ^'t " '' f ' '^''"' "'■"■•''<' "* t''^ "'''"•te'- which is he backbone of the English law. This declares 1 "no freeman shall be seized or imprisoned, or be dis. possessed of his freehold, or liberties, or free customs or dlv o"„„ '"' '" "" '"""' ^^ «•'" "»t deny or ael.iy to any man, justice or right." and', *'':''l';''.''' l^e king promised to appoint only wise and upnght judges ; to forbid the conviction of any man until witnesses had been heard in his favor; to restore his position or nrouertv m ,„„ i . ' . , . '^ been deprived without legarjiJdgmeV.rirfrfS 54 FIFTH READER. all arbitrary grievances inflicted on townsmen,' mer- cliants, or villeins. It is easy to see from these extracts that a man was sure of justice in any honest court of law, and that Magna CLarta is the corner-stone of the great edifice of English liberty. NOTES. 1. That is, goverued according to a settled system of Jaw and custom. 2. Excommunication deprived a person of all the privileges of the Church; he could not join in any of its services, and the clergy would not administer the rites of marriage or of burial. 3. It was once the custom to hire foreign soldiers, who were ready to ^'-"«^. " ">« ExEiiciSES.-l. Parse all the words in lh» f„.i • tence: After signing the charter tT„ j following sen- Windsor towards the sout '• '''"''' " "'"J'"'''"' f'"" 2- Analyze the above. co^ocrdfe, «-9„„,„e, provSZ *'"'""'»' ^'"''"""e,,^ won,:isrou°to" .7om,trrn:6r"«f r' ""' '°"->'"'" «ec«re, trade, obey ' ' *^"'^' ''^^^' se^»e,/ree, 56 FIFTH READER. THE BATTLE OF MORGARTEN. llllfii i liii ■» ;-i ;; ill- 11^^: * If!- ; ii II Bla'zoned stream'ers, long flags embroidered w.ith figures and names. Defile', narrow path between rocks. Dell, narrow valley. Lau'wine, avalanche. Mien, appearance. Prime, the highest condition of health and beauty. Strait, narrow pass. Their own (voices), the echoes. Unhelmed^ without his helmet. Wine month, October. In the year 1315 the Swiss had risen in rebellion against the rule of Austria, who marched twenty thousand men Ijto their little country for the purpose of utterly crushing them. The Swisn on both sides of the narrow mountain pass of Morgarteu, which lies iJetween a lake and high cliffs ; they also held b<eared and attacked the Austrians, and a terrible panic ensued. Most of the Austrians were driven into the lake ; only a few escaped, among them the leader, Leo- pold, Archduke of Austria. For the next seventy years no further at- tempt was made to subdue the resolute mountaineers of Switzerlaml. X. The wine month shone in its golden prime, And the red gra})e8 clustering hung, But a deeper sound through the Switzer's ^ clirae Than tii? vintage music rung, — A souKJ^ through vaulted cave, A sound through echoing glen, Like the hollow twell of a rushing wave ; 'T was the tread of steel-girt men. 2. And a trumpet pealing wild and far, 'Midst the ancient rocks was blown. Till the Alps replied to that voice of war With a thousand of theij own. And through the forest glooms Flashed helmets to the day, And the winds were tossing knightly plumes, in their play. TEN. ;e. lest condition of jauty. iSS. jes), the echoes, .bout bis helni«H. )ctober. ;ain8t the rule of little country for uld nut meet the both Bides of the n a lake and high kUBtrian army bad 9 top of the higli y of the common ared and attackeil le Austrians were n the leader, Loo- ts no further at- f Switzerland. ime, r's ^ clime wave ; len. tr, war THE BATTLE OF MORGARTEN, 57 8. But a band, the noblest band of all, Through the rude Morgarten » strait, With blazoned streamers and lances tall, Moved onward in princely state. They came with heavy chains For the race despised so long; But amidst his Alp domains The herdsman's arm is strong ! 4. The sun was reddening the clouds of morn When they entered the rock defile. And shrill a5 a joyous hunter's horn Their bugles rang the while. But on the misty height, . Where the raountaiu peoi)le stood, There was stillness as of night, When storms at distance brood. night, T plumes, 6. There was stillness as of deep dead And a pause, — but not of fear, — While the Switzers gazed on the gathering might Of the hostile shield and spear. On wound tho8(> columns bright Between the lake and wood. But they looked not to the misty height Where the mountain people stood. 6 I'lie pass was- filled with their serried power, All h( lined and mail-arrayed ; And their stei)8 had so.mds lik. a tlnnder-shower In the ru.stling forest shade. There were j>riiice and crested knight, Heniined in by cliff and flood. When a sliout arose from i he mistv height Where the mountain people stood. il'ii 58 FIFTH HEADER. m II ^1 i Mi! 7. And tho mighty rockn came bounding down 1 iicir startled foes among, With a joyous whirl from the summit thrown, - ^, the herdsman's ann is strong I They came like lauwine hurled From alp to alp' in play, When the eehoes shout through the nuowy world, And the pmes are borne away. 8. The fir woods crashed on the mountain side, And tho Switzers rushed from hi.di, With a sudden charge, on the flower and prida Ut the Austrian chivalry : I^ike hunters of the* deer They stormed the narrow dell ; And first in the shock, with T^i's * spear Was the arm of William Tell.» * 9. There was tumult in the crowded strait, And a cry of wild dismay. And many a warrior met his fate Prom a peasant's hand that day! And the Empire's « banner then, From its place of waving free. Went down before the shepherd-men, — The men of the Forest sea.* 10. With their pikes and massy clubs they brake 1 he cuirass and the shield ; And the war-horse dashed to the reddening lake i^ rom the reapers of the field. . Thefield, — but not of sheaves Proud crests and pennons lay Strewn o'er it, thick as the beech-wood leaves 111 the autumn tein nest's way 59 THE BATTLE OF MOHGARTEN. n. O, the sun in heaven fierce havoc viewed When the Austrian turned to fly, Ami the brave, in the trampling nmltitu ila«I a fearful death to die! And tiie leader of the war At ev(^ unhehned was seen, With a hurrying step on the wilds afar, And a pale and troubled mien. Went back from the battle toil To their cabifi homos 'midst the deej, green hills, -All burdened with royal s})oil. There wer> son .8 and festal fires When children ,„,,,,,. ^^ ^^^^^ ^^j^^^.^. ^.^,^^ h rom the ^ i VJ .^lorgarten fight. NOTES. 1. Switzer.-This.'s a German form of Swi^x Th« t ii Genna,. form is Sc/..e,:f.er. The Freuc" form LI'. J. "" 2. Morfirarten. a mountain slope on Lake Ler I'n m eanton (or state) of Zu^r ^ ^S^*^'' *" '^»e 60 FIFTH READER. THE SAILOR'S LIFK A perilous life, and sad as life may be, Hath the lone fisher on the lonely sea, O'er the wild waters la- boring far from home, For some bleak pittance e'er compelled to roam : Few hearts to cheer him through his dangerous life, .Vnd none to aid him in the stormy strife. Companion of the sea and silent air, The lonely fisher thus must ever fare : Without the cv/mfort hope, with scarce a friend, TT„ 1 i.„ *u -1. i:^.. nak^l j^»«1«r is/k^ld 14*0 AYirl T tttivi VXiij rr5.t-i3 iva -.st- Barry OjmvjoU, *%, THE BATTLE OF OTTERBURN. di life, and 3 may be, B fisher on sea, \ waters la- from home, ak pittance led to roam : to cheer him 3 dangerous aid him in rmy strife. 'riend, vrry CcmwiU* THE BATTLE OF OTTERBURX. Achieved', brought to pass. Cog'nizance, that by which one is known (such as the crest or arms on a shield). Desert'ed, left by its holders. Disas'trous, very unfortunate. Enooun'ters, hostile meetings. Enjoined', commanded. Ensued', followed. Impetuos'ity, eagerness amoant> ing to rashness. Pen'etrated, made his way iutOk Sal'iled out, rushed out. Tro'phy, prize taken in war. 1. In 1388 the Scottish nobles had detergiined upon an invasion of England on a large scale, and had assembled a great army for that purpose. But learning that the people of Northumberland were raising an army on the eastern frontier, they resolved to limit their incursion to what might be achieved by the Earl of Douglas with a chos.^n I iind men. 'i » » ■'$• 62 FIFTH READKR. w„.„ ant ,:p:srr; --^r -''-'- - Sir Henry a"a S r ? ?,"™»"'«™' ««»« 1»b two son,, «P his fir ;i^^ ';L:;r'S r;,"T "-^ sliirmish « ith the Scots ' ^ ^ """*'' »"' "^ ana »r;'j'2 "D;;rsTtrst-r '- possession of Hotspur's snear" ! ,1 , T'^^^'' S^°* attached a small o^amlt of " k"o2 " ."""'f ""^ pearls, bearing the represent! io' ofTnon'T "'■'" zance, as it is oallp.! \.f *i. « "' *"® ^^^^- M '.bit ^"il:r. "•"■■"' ''•"•' »»■". **.* / -^ -" *- ■**■• THE BATTLE OF OTTERBURN. 68 mountaitioir: va:: least ox- f«Il upon the ndering, and vrhom Donir- lis two sons, he progress Its; but the ed Hotspur, in Enghmcl, threw them- t important nner, (Irew lied out to personally; ruggle got which was iered with the cogni- ?Ias shook •d carry it Daijceith. to. I will Scotland." thoushalt >urp tie !0f i the •oad, nin- er. They from the In the middle of the night the alarm arose in the Scottish camp that the English host were coming upon them, and the moonlight showed the approach of Sir Henry Percy, with a body of men superior in number Uy that of Douglas. 5. He had already crossed the Reed water, and was advancing towards the left flank of the Scottish army. Douglas, not choosing to receive the assault in that positi<,n, drew his men out of the camp and, with a degree of military skill wldeh could scarcely have been expected wiien his forces were of such an undisciplined character, he aHogothor changed the po- sition of the army, and i)resented his troops with their tront to the advancing English. 6. Hotspur, in the meantime, marched his squadrons through the deserted camp, where there were none left but a few servants and stragglers of the army. The mterruptions which the English troops met with threw them a little into disorder, when the moon arisinthers, Henry de prisoners, man of note vity. trous to the lade captive, >een the sub- eat historian ^vas the best- ir Walter Scott. THE BATTLE OF OTTERS URN, gS and Kilbwn, now the names of two suhmh- «* t . Otterburn is a tributary of the Reed, which far„totl^.'T ""' Prolssart (13;^7-1410). -He was I ^^^^F :^^^:, and poet, who lived for a time at the court of Edwa d n 'J 1364 he paid a visit to the court of ScotlanH wj.«^ i received by David ir. His '' ^1!^^:^^^: ^:;^:Z and events of his time in France. Englandrand S otl id Composition.- Write a short paper on '• Tlie Ka? n nu burn " from tl»e following heads 1 F ,,1 n , ^^''''" Newcastle 9 H« ic . 1 i '' Douglas nmreiies to ! cry of "Douglas' .'4. Douria, M ' tT, n"",":"'"' '"" ExEKCiSEs—i. Explain the following phrases- (1) Tl,.„ resolved to limit their inrursiou to what min^ht i^.h , !" tl,eEarlor Douglas wi„, four or Ave ttl^^uS," "^T i^^,'; hvas the cognizance of the Percvs .'^i Hnn^i. "a I '^S:htL:e;'yar' rtptlv'/ty'^" '■'^" "' "^ -°"« "'= pence, i \valked my horse up and down ") •5. Analyze the above sentence ^eted'eitW T ''' "'"'' '"'"' ''^^'°»« ^" "^« ^«>-^'« that may ^^e^used e,thei as nouns or as verbs; such as purpose, peojZ «« a„d/e«, .,-, a„U .,. .r.-.. ^aXlfen^anrL;:''' '•"«' jtill !n use in ^olhorn (which itheKilbum). #1 66 FIFTH RKADEn. m' 'I', llfii 1 ' I'M J» ALCOHOL. Ab'stinenoe (from Lat. ah, away from, and tento, 1 hold), keep- ing or holding quite away from a thing. Aiir^Jm'ilate (from Lat. similis, like), to maho like Itself, or take in and ai.orb. Au'riole 'from L; .'. miris, an ear), a part uf the h art shaped like the ear. Bev'erage (from O, Fr. bevie, r > drink, Lat. biben\ something to drink. Cap'illary (from Lat. mpillua, a hair), hair-like in nature. Car'bot). {ttr-y Lat. cartx,, a coal), ♦■be subs' nice which forms a very largo part of coal, Ca-ir'ttif*? (f^oia Lat, cai^us, hol- Diafev'te'iU'j, (from Lat sliHa,a «ii fi! ', % proc S3 which reduce* »*al)siain3e to a liquid form, tm-m it into vapor, and then ' condenses it back into a liquid I drf^p by t/wp. I Hydrogen (from Gr. Jim/or, water), an extremely light gas, which, in composition with oxygen, f m-s .vaf.^ r. Ox'ygen (frr,;n Or. otix, « destroying a part -sometimes a large part -of the control which the mind has, or ough tt have, over the liuibs and ,>owers of the bodv. Th .dogs^ nearly always to produce „aralvsis. or W vx po.er, m the hind legs. e. The amount of alcohoi ili^ 68 FIFTH READER. Wi m III Nl iiii m different liquors varies very much, from the weakest small beer up to the strongest rum. If we examine liquors by measure, — or, as it is called, by volume, —■we shall find that, out of a hundred "volumes" of rum, 77 are pure alcohol. Whiskey and brandy come next in strength, and may contain from 60 to 60 per cent. Port and sherry contain from 16 to 25 per cent. ; claret, from 10 to 17 per cent.; and ordinary alo, from' 3 to 5 per cent. 6. Persistent drinking of alcohol, whether in its weaker or in its stronger forms, even if it never goes so far as to take away the power of using our limbs rightly and accurately, slowly but surely undermines the health, and makes the internal oigans, such as the stomach, the * brain, and the liver, less and less able to perform their l^roper work. The blood, when examined by a micro- scope, is seen to be formed of little cells called corpuscles. These corpuscles, in the blood of a man who drinks much alcohol, are found to be very much changed in character and shape. 7. Even the brain itself, designed by our Creator to control our bodies and direct our course of action in relation to time and eternity, becomes altered in its structure by the use of alcohol. How unwise it 18 to pollute the "stream of life" and seriously injure the seat of intellect in order to get a little temporary stimulation ! But if a drink is required merely for the l)urpose of refreshing and of enabling the b, \j to get through a larger amount of labor, one which may be liighly recommended is a mixture of oatmeal and water. 8. When alcohol or alcoholic drinks are taken intft the stomach, they are at once absorbed or taken up by ■. thousands of exceedingly small blood-vessels, termed capillaries, which run through every part of its walls. When these have absorbed the alcohol, they transmit ALCOHOL. gg I2l*M ^T '''7'^-'«'««'» "f the liver, and into the Itarger blood-vessels or veins, and thence into the heart. The heart ,s the strong muscular organ or force-pump wh,ch p,.pels the blood through every part of tZ body It ,9 divided into two parts, each of which consists of two hollow chambers or cavities. oL „f pure blood from the lungs and passes it on in.o the her cavity, called the left .euMcU ; from tlii 1 u ck It IS propelled or forced into the arteries. .Thus ll T"u """ "■" '"S" P'P«» ^hich carry the bCd from tie heart, while the veins are the pipes wWch carry It back to the heart. Connecting these two already ,aid, a number of very small vessels, called capillaries, some so small that only the- microsco.« can show them, through which the blood Z2us Z tweeii the arteries and the veins. The blood whi^ comes from the veins of the body is forced by the rieht ventricle of the heart into the lungs, wher/ t p^ts through an intricate network of cfpillaries I^^: lungs It comes m contact with the air, which take. ;sr th"' "'":," °^^«^" *- ««4e -dt' purihes It. Then, in this pnrified state, it goes back a^t it of thf b?/ f 'r ' """'' p-p» '" Z n 1^1 f. " '"''^"™ "' *"* of nourishment. Again, all the venous or impure blood th,t ', ''"f ' "''""h ■"»>■ be compared to a kind of ^eve placed between the stomach and the heart T,,.? Tu "e^rttf ■'':""""■- °^ «"-"- Xnw ven whL:"-r k"' "" '"''•''*y»f ™''» branched .Y™; *r'' ?""fy about every part of it. and in wh,-„K -= ..uo« IS cieansed, and has the bile secreted from'it.' i ■(•! % mi\ mi i r , 1- \ 1 70 rrm/ RETiDER, Then, when the bloo I has jiassed through the minute /essels of the liver, it is passed buck iiito\he right side of the heart by one huge trunk or main pipe, which collects it from the smaller vessels, ii. The whole of the blood flows round and round the body several hundred Liily, through skin and muscle and nerv^ v . u, m a journey of perpetual motion, — a joui'iioy that is never ending, still beginning. Ail, or nearly all, the alcohol which a person drinks, then, is sucked into or absorbed by the blood, carried on to the liver, to the heflt^ »>• \ to the lungs ; then back to the heart again, ., .„en now disulbutes it all over the body. 12. Every beat of the heart — an organ which ha.- been well compared to a force-pumi) — tl height 71 H,! feet M. Thus ,t ,s that ■ „,a„ accu8ton.,.<1 to drh.k n imn„„lerate quantity ,.e|, weary and cxhau "l Hut n„ „, , „ ,he whole body fool wearra ft"; t^o ."u<-h alo.,h„ ; the heart itself become, e„f/cbed™d -<.t fo,. «.„,k. Then, the usual eustom is tolH ""'■'■ ='l™''"'.-t'> whi,. and spur it to do moreTork n U .•" ■ "'."' *'''™ *° «''"P »nd spur a horse lh.a had been hunting all day to make him sal^n home without g,vmg him water, or cats, or rest.^ ^ .». The best physicians now tell us that alcohol though for the moment a stimulant, is, in the lont nm' tsaitonoi ijut the weariness which comes from ^^loohol ,8 not a health, weariness. Exercise rH!.? qnickon the .notion of the blood; e'erTpart o \^^^^^ ^- y .s thrown into agreeable movementTthe worn out and nsHess matter of the body is thrown off .5 .m.,kes,c^p ,,,,,, „.,, ,,;:^:v:h "S ™nthroughthellrSuler:.';^,tt:' Ttf' iunrns which hpln nfl ♦« " » "»«8 our iitc , through the wlifch itse rem Ls \^7T\ '^""'«^ '""^ '"•"'«. tl.e liver, wmT fetuses -he brd""^^™''' "" ' «'' >.eys, which distil In "ids .tl; T,f ' ' ''''• v.-hich .rentes new blo^d n TslT^'^l '"""*"'•• becnma »„..i..-^ " .-.."• ".then, these fine vessels ..==:.c^..a, tne s,,i,,s of them ometimee give 72 FIFTH HEADER. way, ami tlicy ])urnt like frozen i>ijK's during a thaw. Then the hlood ovei-nows into tlie brain or the lungs, or into whatever organ the tine vesHel is at work in, and the life of the person is endangered. It is a well-ascer- tained fact, that persons who are in the habit of drinkint.' alcohol cannot resist the extremes of heat and cold so well as those who have accustomed themselves to ber- erages which are entirely free from alcoholic spirit. This i proved by the experience of sailors who have been on AvvXw voyages, where tlu' temperature is for the most part below zero; and is also proved by the daily experience of these who live in tropical countries, where strict temperance, or, better still, complete abstinence, is the best condition for maintaining life, health, and happiness. 18. From the above considerations we may learn that alcohol is injurious to tlie most important of our vit.il organs, the stomach and the brain ; that it vitiates the blood on which every part of the body has to depeiyl for support and growth ; and that it frequently wrecks the health, the prosperity, the happiness, and the life of individuals and of whole families. a, 8. Day. •iiig a thaw, he lung8, or ^'ork ill, and ft well-a8cc»r- of driukinL' and cold nd Ives to hvr- lolic spirit. N who have iture is for ved by tho 1 countries, , cotnpk'tc aining life, r learn that i our vitjil Initiates th( to depeivJ itly wrecks I the life of J. a. Day. V % M :M.^.: T8 THK HLAlliLK-BRE. Ad'der'B-tongue. a fern very imioh like the AK'rimony. ,i wild ,,la„t wUh muhII ym„w tl'uers, luivh.K a ploaaaiit Hiiiell and a b.tter Uisie. Bass, the ileop notes in ra;wic. Catcii'fly, a plant, tl.f leaf t.f'wl.ich f..],lB im «n.l encloses any Hy n.at „,Hy aliuht on it. * Ool'umbine, a plant so called fron. its fan- clediosen.blan....tuudove; lAMncoUunU,. Crone tor rr„«/y. - a friend and companion. Dat'lodels, »ilow aom'v„ of the lily trib,. • from the (Jr. mplmMon. Conunonly spelt Epicure'ftn. lu-rc Epiou'rean. a l-.vor of •lainties and pleasure. Hori'aon. the line that bounds the vi«w whor« the earth and sky appear to n>eet. Ma'ple-sap. the juice of the maple, from wliich sugar may be made. Mel'low, soft, quite without harshness. Porto Rique, Porto Rico, an island in tho « est indies. Subtle, penetrating unpercelveil (the b not Unsa'vory, having an unpleasant taste. 1. liurly, dozing humble-bee! Where thou art is clime for me ; '-t^.^i j«f^- :=><.. ■Sf»*'f France ; from the »H, gold, SLndflamma, . Branches of palm id as a sign of victory. »very. )ckery. ly waste, to give up. tatlon In deciding or means literally a P, rough stone, ally, though not ap- rance while reading in understanding :i >f Edward tho arnous in war. id Poitiers. I war, of whicli points. It is ar was under- 3f France, and ' which he had tned to satisfy f Ghent, who the « Kinff of BATTLES OF CRESS Y AND POITIERS. 77 ranee** would be redeemed if their leader did but •ear the name. 2. And now, first, for Cressy. I shall not undertake io describe the whoie fight, but shall call your attention briefly to the questions which every one ought to ask imself, if he wishes to understand anything whatever ibout a battle. First, where was it fought ? '^ Secondl v ^'hy wa« it fought? Thirdly, how was it won? And ourthly, what was the result of it ? And to this I must idd, m the present instance, what i)art was taken in t by the prince, now following his father as a young tmght m his first great campaign. 3. The first of these [uestions mvolves the second also. If we make out here a battle was fought, we usually can tell why it as tought. This is one of the many i>roofs of the use i learning geo.gi-aphy along with history. One helps IS to understand the other. After ravaging Normandy, iud penetrating to the very gates of Paris, Edward was •etreatin^^ towards Fiander., when he was overtaken )y the l^rench king, PhiH,,, ,vho, with an immense nny, had determined co cut him off entirely, and so put an end to the war. 4. With difficulty, and by the happy accident of a low iide, he crossed the nu.uth of the Somme, and found ^nnse f m his own maternal inheritance of Ponthieu m- that special reason he encamped near the forest •t Cressy, fifteen miles east of Abbeville. " I am " he -"d, '^on the right heritage of madam, my mother, hich was given her ,n dowry; I will defend it agains tnt nil ?'.';• Y' '"" ^^""^''"^ ^"^ remarkable Aont nuidi better when we know at what time of the lav ni* iiiirVit >ii luis ocGmiim such a 78 i'nmi HEADER. knowledge is of great importance, because it h.l at unco to answer the question we asH Vi^ "' the batte won^ « Th« v V '^^'^'^» — How was from AobevilVa J h.,.rif .""'^ \^ ''<'™"-" •iiiny, swelled by the R,„m.. '■°'"'' *''< "-I .hinki„„^'hey w" o«'".- f rt""""^' ""•"• ^«'"^*- K.eneh ki„; chieHv -^'^ V"''^' What , I,, nun,..,.) .^, the ? „„ of fiC .'T'"- '™ ^'-' men from Genm • Tl,i thousand eiossbow- wiK.nj„,tttr^^en^,r:::'::r'r''^'""'' '" ''-•' one „f ,lK«c extiaorfi; . V ". " *" '"'"' l''••"■^■• "ften t„n. the ^trt:i::ttjrzt '""" "f human life in g<.nei-,l , a " , * '^"'"^ 5,'athei-ed from the «^.. n! i i , • "'■"'^''ous sto, ,„ "»<' i.»i>, on the :.m"^ ;■ ..t" ;■ "• !""""-•- -Kl rain, '''•0W8 and ravens whipJ, «..*♦ «^/ "\ "*>•»' •^t' enes ot -^ «.uek terro/iia ,"r;:;' ,:*'■•;; ^"0 stonn, >vho wcv iinaeoustomed 1 ,k '"'"'" ''owmen. When at last thelrht .^^^ ^^T "■"""'^'"• paring the,,- eros,I,„„.; to .hooT !», 1 „ "•■ "'"■•" l'"- the .'ven nir sun Htrf..»,w..i ^ * • . . ^^-^ ""^ time hiaek elou,t « th "^^ ," L"' •"" T'-^''-'^'' -"'• "'<• '""I ■•" the .ame mome m tl . /' v? ^^' '" ""'"' f"""^' kept their bows i " 1 ^ "'"t'' '"''^'"'- *•"'>««' Iheir strings dr^ l", «?,,""« "'" "'"™' »"" - ha.) n.nt thoselho we e pUt '''7r "" '""' '■"«' *'«'' BA TTLES OF CRKSSV AND POITIERS. 79 from that moment the panic and confusion were so great that the rlay was lost. ». But though tlie storm, the sun, and the archers Jiad their jmrt, we must not forget the prince. He was we must remen.be-, only sixteen, and y.t he had the comn.and ot the whole Knglish anny. Tt is said that the reas.ne a proverb, " a.nUet tf.e day he kUP The ,>rince ^^.«s at one moment in very great danger: he was bounded ;md thrown t - ong .mn.ner evening, and deep into the sunmier tiiui rue i^nnoo o«w i.: • ,. . - . ^ ■ ''"'■ ^'^ ^"''"paiiiouH halted from their m 80 FIFTH REAnER. imrsnit; „„d then t.ugo flres n„^ « lougnt." He was this time a one His fitlw... h i J-., war had roiled on since the battle'rf < 'Z'/^lt ingand. Bu, in other respects the begiimi, .l' "f „ fight wi,s very like tha, of Cre..y. u. Gasc^-iiy ^ C^^ to hm, l,,v riglM, ai„l from this he made a descent Uuo the neighboring ,,roviiice8, an.l was on his retiiri ho when the king of Frai„..._.T„hn, the son of Phi ," I'ursuedhm, as Philip l,a,| pursued Kdward II and ..xluidel l„r many miles south of ,l,c city ,.f Poitic,., it was the third great baule fought i„ that uei^hb'r: liATTLEs OF CliESSY AND POITIEHS. 81 hood The first was that in which Clovis' dotVated the Goths, and established the faith in the creed of Athanasius throughout Europe; the second was that ill which diaries iMartel drove back the Saracens,' and >.aved Kuro])c from iMohaniinedanisin ; this, tlie third bat- tle, was the most brilliant of English victories over thc^ Wench. 15. The spot, which is about six miles so ,th of Poitiers, 18 still known by the name of the "Battle- field. Its features are very slightly marked,- two ndges of rising ground, parted by a gentle hollow. Behind the highest of these two ridges is a large tract of copse and underwood, and leading up to it from the hollow 18 a somewhat steep lane, there shut in by woods and vines on each side. It was on this ridge that the pnncc had taken up his position, and it was solely bv the good use which he made of this position that th*e victory was won. i6. The French army was arranged on the other side of the hollow, in three great divisions, ot winch the king s was the hindmost. The farmhouse which marks the spot where this division was posted, is visible from the walls of Poitie,^. It was on Mond.;v, .Sej. ember 19, 1356, at 9 a.m., that the battle began! AJl the day had been taken up by the fruitless endeav- oi-s of Cardinal Talleyrand to save bloodshed bv brin- »ng the king and prince to terms. n. The prince offered to give up all the castles and prisoners he had taken, and to swear not to fi.rht in litai ot nothing but his absolute surrender of himself and his army on the spot. The Cardinal labored till he veiy last moment, and then rode back to Poitiei-s mvmg equally offended both sides. i«. The ctorv of tne battle, if we remember the position of tb^ a.-;no - ^uiu m a moment. The prince remained firm in hii d2 I'JFTIl UEAI)b:it, Citl;,,''''' V""") •■''"'•«^'' "'"' "'""■ ""-'»> chiva.. each ,Klo, |,.t H, t,,,i,. „,,o„,,.,, ,f ,, ;'^ ^"'le'-- °" I" «« instant the l,„,o w:.., clmked h .'i, T ^ ""•'• an,l scoon,! .livi.ions fl«l i„ the wildej, 2,:;, u , .^.stn,g,.i,hed f,.„n. ,.11 othLby he , . ^l^ -:o^r;!::n^z:r "■-■-- c.:l£ a.. In the evening after the L.ttUs the prinee .rave ■, "t; ^e'r St r '■"■ ^^--^-k -Jv .ii,/i ,.. u at thp Im»,,v. ♦ 11 ; , "^ ""'""'>»''»<' would not sh at the knigs table, although re(,ue8ted to do so H Baid he was not quali«ereserved his life to persevere in such good fortune. nean Sfnnley (^lu/aphd), NOTES. 1. The motl.er of Echvard III. was a owsdrv,n ""^"^,®yes; and the Entrlisi, .1, ^ ^enoes.., therefore kC Fd! , "''"^'"-e, as a s(..,^", ,„*• ^'"' "">« <" Jl.e Prince ,„ .|,ro«.„ to Sl™^"'^ T ""'""' '»'<»^° T ne Beaumont. 12, ti,. p "! *;™""''' "'"I »as saved liv Bui, ,' ^en years after, the BlacS r i ^ l^.'^'f V' ^"^«" ^^^ U ^o,lU waa returning home i- ° " ''*" ^"'^''^ °^ ^'o't'^'-^ jK«ltio„onarIdge,theonlyroa,I 1 .f P''^"^^ ^ook up hi J7. The battle beiran If o / "'•^'' '» wliioh was a sfp^,. . butai.«,:,:"fX^^^ '«k<-". ami not to figl.t L ''"'^«'' The ??tv.r ' f ^^'^ demanded uncondif/Il , ''''"'" y^ars, * * ' '•^='^^. charged ud fho i„^ ""^onoitional surrender m theu.««„y,,J„,;P ^'o 'ane; the English l.o„ra"n kni^i "Panle ..,«,„ t,,e F^.ch a^,' ""- "''r-hoke'l »i.h the deaf >ias taken prisoner- anrt fi ^', '"'"■'*'™s fled; Kino, i , ■"■'"ek. 21. The Black p'° "•"'"'' ••"''"'• «as over «*.«'" Composition. -From fhp f n ^'^g John atsupper ^ ^*»- as the foreat of Ci^^. Battles v *'Rf:ssy and poitiers, aS 4. Turns to faco the Frenfh »; v^„. i »i»l (light k.pt up . ill f»r i„i tue nSh? Tr " i. .""""" of the prill ■. 'uenignt. 10. 1 r, .mphaut return 5. Writ. «„ oxe.^l«. a, dZled '" J. "7 ' ","»""•• »ub,tlt„l„« „.„„„ an, 6„«Wor .„r"/, „" *' "»«'' ''' ""' sail. 2. Ihe pr„,ce-, ir„„p, „„„ , « >«*« I c o,e a purple pattern on a gray „rou,ul. 3. nTvrelZZtt 'lorie,. 5. The Kre,:ch cAar^i up tSe Z TU , T", ""'"'' »ix,«„ce for carrying „:y ba^o t.^' "^Ilo" ' "" '■""'•^"' iorte:,t;,:rrpr oi-^r^ef ''^"^™" "'^ --" ---''^^t' »'« "«=<). a^ou w. ...f .;:r^rr':r 'Sf r THE LIFE OF MAN. Then another of the Kinrr'o *i.^ that life whereof we wo „ t t o7 ^;""''""'f "'"' when thou, O Ki„„ n,., ■..'• '"^«- I' '« as aldermen aL^th;!. '"'^e t^r"''""' """^' the hearth is lighted i„ themilt a„7the IT' "'""' but without the rains and the s^oware t " " "^"T' winds are howling; then eometn ^' ""'^ ^^^ through the hous? she 00"^ in T"""' 'f "'"'' goeth out by another. wZ^eis in T k'""''' '"^ feeleth not the storm of winter bu '" u^"'"" ''' moment of rest is passed, she flXu' ^^ 'Jo ,1? t""''^ and passeth away from our eve, S„ • I ^''"'"'' of a man ; it is but for a moS • wL' '" T. '^ '"•-' and what Cometh after it, .oH; ;' f af ^ m ''' fore, if these stran-- of the.„r*Attt:: e'tstrrod^-r---^ 'H^ Pleasan. i„ he- way," ^nTmL^^toTo^Ct:''' be,„g „„,.e mode.,, inC.stnous. andpio f ' I^^Z 2- At this time all the iiorthein nai-f nf i.\„ torn and desolitPd K„ ,i ""^'" Pa" or J< ranee was Misery i;:f ^:i ' ::ieU:rrd "* ^'"-^""^-^ distant villa' 'O"'"^™ years attentive to all the duties of reL„n Th '"'' and her sorrow for the distL oH''^ [ " ""'"'' whole bei„„ ; her coi,,.. ! ''"""''' ""^'^^ '>" on the fairT4j;i7Cee "'? wrT''''"' "''''^ ^he faneied St. Michael 1' peared tT r\tiir:„dt;' r' e t'th r,.s r t'oT T"''^" ' ' '""^ -' "- to *^iit; Well s, 01 to lead men-at-arms" Tli.> ,. *inr\ wenf. nn^ «r^.u„j .„ '*'"'*'• ^ ^i^-* Poor "■' "•'•' """"'* ''^ ^^c^i^^ a work 80 difficult and JOAX or ARC. 91 so new. But, encouraged by the angel, her brave spirit overcame her fears, and she made known her mission to her friends. 4. At first she was laughed at as insane, and her father swore he would drown her rather than she should go with men to the wars ; but she succeeded in the end in leaving her home, and in making her way to the Dauphin, whom she persuaded of her heavenly mission, and promised that he should ^^" anointed and crowned in the town of Rheinis.* She was now in her eighteenth year, tall, strong, and active, and able to remain on horseback without food from dawn till dark. Mounted on a charger, clad in a suit of white armor from head to foot, and bearing a white banner, she seemed " a thing wholly divine, whether to see or hear." 5. In April, 1429, she undertook the relief of Orleans, which was closely besieged by the English, and which, pressed by famine, was on the point of surrender when Jeanne presented herself to the Dauphin. In the midst of a terrible thunder-storm she marched through the English lines, unperceived and unopposed, and next morning showed herself with her banner on the walls of Orleans. " I bring you," she said to the French general, Dunois,^ who had sallied out of Orleans to meet her, " the best aid ever sent to any one, the aid of the King of Heaven." Fort after fort fell into her hands, and the English, believing they were fighting against invisible powers, raised the siege and marched away. The belief in witchcraft and sorcery was then real and living among all classes of people. 6. Triumph after triumph followed; and, with an ever-increasing army, she at length reached the gates of Rheims. " 6 — ^^"o" I ' '" •'••"• ' ::?!j\; VI text, when she saw the crown placed on the head of Charles ;.:? ,* mil 00 PIFTH Ji FADER. mt ba k^Th", kl/to r^r'™'''^'^ ■™SeC to go- " o that I ^ight ;; lalVJ'rr' ■""• •'""^' >"""'• brothe,. and ^ste^a ! hey wou d bel" 7Z "'"■ "■-'' again - " B„t the French court had f V° '''"^ usef.., she wa.,. and refnsed tott h l^n ""' '" truVTot r ';::,::t"'^ ^r --^ ™^- ^"-"^ »"« her mission w«rad'':"i''.r* ''«'P '^^'i-S that -•thont the .;„■;: :;',r'er dIi: ': ji^tf? the Duke of Bureundv T T ft T ''"P*""' *» hy the Duke inr:^'Z:!'or^t::^r'X'' be a witch for wi. A^ u'"" '"'^" '''■"''^■^<' her to intense a, drotl se fil T '''^''''"'^' "orn of attempt eifc\rotoT;e e^h : ""Z' ™^"l' ■mpnsonment, an ecclesiastical cm.rt with hi VT' of Beauvais" at its head, was formed tt. her ft^ accusation was that she had been mxihlLT' ! r :upp!^n„tr .r "--" - --- " .he disp?a7ed in ht aLwe'rsTr 1 '""""'""''' *"" .00. /en e that tntTr^ t o^j/^^ilte t?'! God/" st%i I 'nT/t: To^ SoV" -r '''"' '' it; if I am, God will keep me illu''? ""' "^ '" andhat;whate;::i\.r:"^td:.t"^^^."^-'^^^^^ JOAN OF ARC. 98 to go Beauvais, still trying to entraj) hor, proceeded, " Does God, then, bate the English V" she still replied, "Whether God loves or hates the English I do not know ; but I know that all those who do not die in bat- tle shall be driven away from this realm by the king of France." When questioned about her standard, she said, "I carried it instead of a lance, to avoid slaying anyone; I have killed nobody. I only said, 'Rush in among the English,' and I rushed among them the first myself." n. "The voices," she continued, in answer to further questions, — " the voices told me to take it without fear, and that God would help me." And when they asked her if her hope of victory was founded on the banner or herself, she said, " It was founded on God, and on naught besides." She was deprived of mass. " Our Lord can make me hear it without your aid," she said, weeping. It is said that an Englishman who was present at the trial was so struck with Jeanne's evident sincerity that he could not help crying out, " A worthy woman, if she were but English!" 12. Her judges drew up twelve articles of accusation on the grounds of sorcery and heresy. On the 24th of May, 1431, the f.nniversary of the day on which the maid had been taken prisoner the year before, she was led to the cemetery of St. Ouen, where two platforms were erected. On the one stood the Cardinal of Winchester, the Bishop of Beauvais, and several other churchmen. 13. Jeanne was conducted to the second platform, where a preacher named Erard stormed at her fiercely ; she listened with gentle patience, until he began to accuse the king;'' then she interrupted him wa.mly, saying : " Speak of me, but do not speak of the king. He is a good Christian, and not such as you say ; I can swear to you he is the noblest of 94 '•I 111 I iucM>nR. raying, "fwouU«'"' '^^ '"f ''^'- """'^ '» ''h' Pai>er, -mono r'^At:!:.:' .Mrr''^''"'^? "■••""'^"«^<' "> '- •■.-..I given u, he i„, If; ^^ ^ T"" "' «"''• ''''^ the Ch„rcl, the » , nf ' '""' """='' '" "'« ''"8"m of K".," he ,, , ': lrd'"'""t"*'"" '^"^ '•""'-''''• holy Catholic 6h„ -0 t th"'h ■■'^ ""' *'"'' ""■* *'- tion • her life was sd™-^ ! ^ ^ ^''"'^'^ ''""' "">''«•»- She waa accused of a returnto he,^^ '""/''' '" ^'''"• to death. A o.,.e.,t nil. J. 7 ^' "'"^ '=»'><3emned of Ko«e„;tthe'^lartr" , 'J' "'« ■"''■■''«t-place awaiting her W1,e„!h! t Tf ^"'"'^ ''«'• '^"«"'i<'8 soldier mad eon? : b^ kTn; M^,T'^ ^" ^"S"^'' kissed it and cla.peiit to e.-^^^^^^^^^^ er,ed out, "Yes! my voices werfof ^1",^ r"""' never deceived me ' " TTo.. i„.. j . '""y ''a™ on a ernci. he^^efoL^LXTirr .!S:^^^^^^^^ JOAX or ARC. 96 ami amid the (lt'('|> ami awful sileiu'o of the hrnia\ hoI- diery and unfeeling people, the heroic soul of the ]>oor yojing country girl |)as8ed away. A statue of the Maid of Orleans now marks the spot where she suffered death. 18. What is to be thought of her? What is to he thought of the jioor shej herd girl from the hills and forests of Lorraine, who rose suddenly out of the quiet, out of the safety, out of the religious itisjuration of deej) pastoral solitudes, to a station in the van of arjnies, and to the more perilous station at the right hand of kings? The poor maiden drank not herself from that cup of rest which she had secured for France. No! for her voice was then silent. No ! for her feet were dust. 19. Pure, innocent, noble-hearted girl ! When the thunders of universal France, as even yet may happen, shall j)roclaim the grandeur of her who gave up all for her country, thine ear will have been deaf for five cen- turies. To suffer and to do, that was thy portion in this life; to do, — never for thyself, always for others; to suffer, — never in the persons of generous champions, always in thine own ; that was thy destiny ; and not for a moment was it hidden from thyself. Life, thou saidst, is short ; let me use that life, so transitory, for glorious ends. 20. This pure creature — pure from every suspicion of even a visionary self-interest, even as she was pure in senses more obvious — never <.i_e relaxed in her belief in the darkness that was travelling to meet her. She might not prefigure the very manner of her death; she saw not in vision, perhaps, the aerial altitude of the fiery scaffold, the spectators on every road pouring into Kr»imr« oo f^^ n ^^../m , .»♦ t^.^ ♦!.„ ... ~.!„ 1 — ^1 — II-,,. * .1 96 Fmil HEADER. m m M' for A«- but „ , .1 ■' ""■' '" """ "''' "I""' it. was dust rZ "^•'*' ">' '"''' "'"'"I'l rise frou, thu ttrie; h ; f :;;:;;;:;',|,"« "'■- -^ *>•■'""■• ""-^ '<"•'•- land and «en -■ b t in ?T "'"''"'^ "'^'"- "^'""^ ""'^ would decorate no -arhnd for / l , ""^ ''''•'"""' 1 i.tyta itselt in the most touchinrr mannPi- to fh last; and hor in(r«i;« ^^ ^i? i ' '"''""^^ t« the f-tedinar::Sdt^e''''rT.l'^'^r T"'- be..di.etedtoapp,,bi;tUV„:;:be7r"H:^r! ume., A monk was then standin.; at her side W ' V up in his sublime office he sn„r „„, ,. j Z^"''* persisted in his praye's' " ''""«''•' •"" ^'"' ■De Quincey. JOAN OF ARC. 9T death, ^— in those well 8he n it, was "or t/ifm. from the for ceil- uty over omi6my f France lor hud, saintly •le fate, inserip- prj)iety to the mani- ler had He did >.£? Vol- VVraj)t ut still ip the (I this d that chlinii; reser- " she it in icey. NOTES. 1. A range of mountains In th(» northeast of France ; now one of the boundaries between France and (ierniany. 2. This war was begun by Ili-nry V., who liad been com- pletely successful; he had married a daughter of the French king, and was to receive the crown of Fmnce at the king's death. Henry, however, died suddenly, leaving a son not a year old to succeed him ; the Duke of HedfonI, the late king's brother, was appointed General and Regent of France. 3. The eldest son of the king of France. 4. A town in the northeast of France, where, down to the present century, the kings of France were crowned and anointed, — a vessel of sacred oil, called La minie Ampoule (the holy flask), being kept here for the purpose. 5. A cousin of the Dauphin, and one of the bravest soldiers France ever produced. 6. A town a little to the east of Kouen. 7. The Dauphin was now Charles VII. Composition. — Give an account of Joan of Arc's career, under the following heads : 1. Her quiet village home. 2. Visions. 3. Her journey to the Dauphin. 4. Relief of Orleans. 5. Coro- nation at Rheims. 6. Taken prisoner at the siege of Com- pifegne. 7. Trial. 8. Execution. Exercises. — 1. Parse all the words in the following sen- tence : The execution of Joan of Arc, and the death of the Re- gent Bedford, destroyed the power of the English in France. 2. Analyze the above. 3. Select from sections 4 and 5 words which may be either nouns or verbs, according to the way in which they are used. 4. Compare the meanings of close, fair, suit, court, form, in the following pairs of sentences, and show, from the derivation of these words, their connection or diuerence in meaning: (1) The room was close and unhealt.-y. Her cottage is close by. (2) The drover made a fair bargain. The lady was fair and gentle. (3) This arrangement will not suit me. His suit was made of good broadcloth. (4) The law courts are at Westmin- ster. The candidate courts the good opinion of the electors. (5) A form of prayer was read in all the churches. Triiat rnanlv and beaiitiful ^orms one see^ in the statuss of Greece! 98 FIFTH READER. n I 'U «ELF- SACRIFICE. anMi^^r^^^^^^^ v.. . M.. o. Spa. England; and after her death he «pnf '"*'''"*''^ ^^''y' q"««" of famous "Invincible Armada .' His Ir '''^^'"'* ''"^'""^'' '" ^588. the erlands. which were sS^ngly P^ot^BtantT I" '^^^'^P ^'"-» the Neth! mpdsonment, and cruelties of every S I'TT' *°'''"^«' «»««' 1686, imder Lord LeicestAr f.^.^^l.' } - '^^^^^^ "^"' *" armvin ■"'■ ""■ '^'" *'^"''*" °^ ^"« Ivetherlands. Sir Philip SELF-SACRIFICE. 99 Sidney was a young man, but he had already distinguished himself as a poet and as a soldier.] An'cestry, lineage, or line of fore- fathers. Displayed', showed plainly. Endued', gifted. In'bred, natural, innate. Ha'diance, brightness. Train, attendant courtiers. Wist'ful, longing. 1. In the battle of Zuti>hen, which was fouglit in tho cause of liberty against the tyrant Philip of Spain, Sir Philip Sidney, who commandcfl the English cavalry, displayed the greatest coolness and courage. He had two horses killed under him; and whilst mounting a third, he was wounded by a niusket-shot from the trenches!, which broke his thigh-bone. 2. He had to ride back about a mile and a half to the camp ; and being faint with loss of blood, and parched with thirst, he called for a draught of water, whi'di was instantly brought him ; but as he was puttin<, Jie vessel to his mouth, a poor wounded soldier, who happened to be (•arried past him at that instant, looked at it with wist- ful eyes. The gallant and generous Sidney took the vessel from his mouth without drinking, and delivered it to the soldier, with the words, "Thy necessity is yet greater than mine." 1. 'T was on the field of Zutphen ; The battle's din was o'er. And bold and gallant foemen Had fallen to rise no more. 2. Just then with lessening radiance Streamed the pale light of day O'er the sad place, where side by side Victor and vanquished lay. I! ' I ill sis! im'i Mfi 100 FIFTH HEADER, 3. Among the dead and dying Was many a noble face, Which told of gentle ancestry, And spoke of inbred grace. 4. Birt 'midst them all a face there shone rTe-emmently bright, A face that almost seemed endued With more than earthly light, — 5. A face which e'en to look upon Reflected goodness gave, And left a sense of happiness. It was so true and brave. 6. It was the face of such a man As you shall rarely see ; Of all Queen Bess's brilliant train The courtliest knight was he. 7. But sore he had been wounded ; When hardly yet begun. His noble life was ebbing fast, His glorious work was done'. 8. And, as he rode in agony, A deep cry from him burst : "O, for one drop of water. To quench this raging thirst ! " 9. WUh willing steps and loving hearts They bnng it him in haste; See ! V Ith what eagerness hfi loners The cooling draught to taste I "^ V ? i one SELF-SACRIFICE. 10. But, as in very act to drink, He hears a stif -^d moan From a poor so i ?r lying near, And dying nA alone. 11. Without one least complaining word. Without one single sigh, He yields the cup ; he simply says, ".Z?e n3eds it more than I." 101 DIRECTIONS FOIl READING. 1. In the 1st verse, avoid the verse-accent on on; make a slight pause after T was, aud say, 'Twas on-the-field-of-Zut- phen. 2. In the 8th verse pause after O. 3. In the 9th verse pause atler See ! slur over the word xoith. 4. In the 10th verse neither as nor a is emphatic. Composition.— Tell the story of Sir Philip Sidney from the following outline : 1. He is wounded in the battle of Zutphen. 2. He suffers terribly from thirst. 3. He calls for water. 4. He gives it to a wounded soldier, saying, &c. Exercises.— 1. Parse all the words in the following sen- tence : Sir Philip Sidney fought in the cause of liberty against Philip of Spain. 2. Analyze the above sentence. 3. Select from the first three sections all the words that can ,beused either as nouns or as verbs, such as fight, display, &c. 4. With each of the first three of these selected words make a pair of scii^ences illustrating its use,— in the first member of the pair as a verb, in the second as a noun. 5. Give the verbs or adjectives from which the following nouns come : generosity, radiance, eminence, endowment. 6. Write down as many of the compounds of the following words as you know: mount, carry, take, fall, most, willing, act. 7. Write an exercise as directed in Exc. 4, page 32, but gub- ——-—•■■'•0 fr- ji'- »»jivt t-j^/t,£ftv ivi ctt/ tft aliU ocit. 102 FIFTH HEADER, Intrud'ers, persons who go where they have no right to go. Mu'tUated, hacked and torn. BEAR -HUNT. Brook, bear or endure. Encoun'ters, fights. Evidence, proof or signs. Foiled, beaten or baffled. Held in great repute', very fa- mous; renowned. Prompted, put into his mind. Vig'ilance, watchfulness. 1. My ride in the Altai Mountains » was over ground where bears are numerous; their tracks we followed but without seeing even one. I passed places where' fearful encounters with these animals have taken place. A very large one had been seen by the wood-cutters auuuj a uozeu miles from the gold mine ; and two men, A BEAR-HUNT. 103 one a hunter, held in great repute for his daring and skill, determined to make his acquaintance. 2. After wandering about for some time, they came upon his tracks, quite fresh in the long, dewy grass. He was evidently near; this made them cautious, and they prepared for action. Presently a loud growl saluted their ears; then out he sprang from a thicket about thirty-five paces distant, where he stood snuffing the breeze and eyeing the intruders. 3. The hunter fired, and the ball struck, but not in a vital part. In an instant the wounded animal charged. The other man, who was less experienced, reserved his shot until within twenty paces. The rifle missed fire. At once the brute raised himself on his hind legs, and, tearing the earth beneath him, rushed on his first as- sailant, striking him down with a blow that stripped his scalp and turned it over his face; then, seizing his arm, he began to gnaw and crush it to the bone, grad- ually ascending to the shoulder. 4. The man called to his companion to load and fire ; but the fellow, when he saw his friend so fearfully mangled, ran away and left him to his fate. Late in the evening he reached the gold mine, and reported what had happened ; but It was too late to make any effort in behalf of the mangled hunter. The officer ordered a large party out at daylight the next morning, with the coward for a * guide. 5. He took them through the forest to the spoi where the encounter had t-aken place, of which there still remained ample evidence ; but no remains of the victim were met with, except some torn clothing and his rifle. By the state of the grass it was evident that A ^^M-^''^'^'^ ^^^" ''^"''^^ ^^' ^"^^ ^^^ t^ick forest. A dihgciit pursuit was therefore made; sometimes the track was lost, but the pursuers of the bear were 1(M FIFTH READER. too well skilled in woodcraft to be foiled, and at length' discovered his larder, c. He had dragged the hunter into a dense mass of wood and 1>ushes, and, to render the place still more secure, had broken off a great num- ber of branches and heaped them over his body. These were quickly stripped off, when, to their great surprise, they found the man, though frightfully mutilated and qmte insensible, still living! Two long poles were immediately cut, to which saddle-cloths were secured m the middle. One horse was placed in front, another at the back, and the ends of the poles secured to the stirrups, thus forming a very easy conveyance. 7. The sufferer was placed upon the saddle-cloths and care- fully propped up, and th 3n began the painful march back as fast as possible. On their arrival at th 3 gold mines he was taken di- rectly to the hospital ; tae doctor dressed his wounds, and administered all that medical skill and kindness prompted. His patient survived, but long remained unconscious of everything around him. After more than two months had elapsed, a slight improvement took place, and his reason appeared to be restored, s. His first question was about the bear, and then he referred to ' >wn defeat. He spoke of nothing else, and was constantly asking for his rifle to go and kill "Michael lyanovitch " 2 (the bear). The medical men thought his mind seriously affected. As he gained strength there arose in him so great a desire to have another combat with his powerful and ferocious enemy that it was con- sidered necessary to place him under some restraint. ^ 9. The summer had passed over, and autumn had ar- rived ; the frost had scorched the foliage, changing it into golden and crimson hues; and, as it was now thought the pqpr lunatic had forgotten his adventure, BEAR-HUNT. 106 less vigilence was exercised towards him. The oppor- tunity was not lost, for he secretly left the hospital and started off for his cottajje. All the family being absent, except some young children, he was enabled to secure his rifle and ammunition, and provide himself with an Ixe and a loaf of black bread, which he stowed in his ivallet. 10. Thus armed and provisioned, he left the v^illage in the evening without being seen, except by the children, and was soon lost to them in the forest. When it was discovered that he had escaped, people were sent out in various directions to seek him, but they returned without success. More than a week passed over, during which nothing had been heard of him, when one day he walked into the hospital, carrying the skin of a huge black bear on his shoulders, and, throw- ing it down, exclaimed, " I told you I would have him ! " 11. This man was a fine old hunter ; it was not a spirit of revenge which prompted him to this daring act; the fact was, he could not brook the idea of a defeat. Now that his reputation was re-established, he was happy ; his h'ealth was again restored ; nor wps this the last bear that fell before his deadly rifle. Atkinson. NOTES. 1. Altai Mountains. — A high range in Asiatic Russia or Si- beria, to the north of Chinese Tartary. The name means uold mountain; the range is rich in gold, silver, copper, and lead, tlie mines of which are worked by the Russians. 2. Michael Ivanovitch. — Hunters are in the habit of giving names to tliose wild animals they happen to " know," and have frequently tried to ensnare. The liunter in this case was a Rus- sian, and so he gave liin» a Russian name. The name means Michael, the son of Ivan (or John ). This is the usual way names are given in Russia, wliere surnames are still unknown. Thus a boy is cailed Peter Alexandroviich {son of Alexander); an- other Michael Petrovitch {son of Peter), and so on. i||i 106 fl^'TH HEADER. Hunter" from t.,; iX-^l^V.2'7u^^^ ^^ bear. (2) Companion runs aulv n 1 "'^ '^°'^'" ''^ * to his larder. (4) is fo.m^ !f, ^" /'^^ ^' '^'^^^^"^ by tl.e bear (5) Two months in lospiu X'u'^::"' ''''''' ^^ ^"« ^'-'-ds turns with tlie skin '^^ ^^'^appears foraweelc. (7) Ke- bunter was held in great rep e L ll d-. ^ "'"• ''' '^''^" second hunter reserved his hof ?4 > ""^ '"' ^^'"- ^^^ '^^be any effort in his behalf /5) tL- •„ '^*' ^""'^ '^^« '« "'^k.' tJence of the strusgle \fi) Ti.i f '"^'"^'n^d ample evi- «kilIandkindness7romptec ^ ' VT' r',"'""^^'-^^' ^" ^bat towards him. (8) He could nnf f 1'^'^^""" ^'"^^ exercised 3. Parse all the wo ds in , f .0,7 "'' ''^^" "*"* d«^«^'- "Pon his track, quite fresh i "The loZ'7/^"'"^^^-' '^'^^^^ ^-"- 4. Analyse the above sentence ^' ''^^ ^'■'^^* -uns ti:s::,rr4;uj'^ ^^^^^^^ ^^'"^^^^ -y be eiti... -eh as.;?,., part, "o;^^ t "'' " """'" ^'^^^ -« «-d, ^ noL?'c"me;%r;;!:,2„t^"S: '"" ^'^^^'^ "- ^<>"-b,g 8. Carefully distinmikh h ' ^^^ '«"*«<'o», Pwrs^aY. words: . ^ ^'«^'"g"'«b between the ending of the followin, Succeed Secede Proceed Precede Exceed Recede 9. Write douTi al »i' »»a, with their meanings. Supreme Esteem i Convene Magazine Extreme Kedeem Serene Marfne ., , (Intervene Tambourine tWords you know descriptive of ,unt. 107 NATURE f[ER OWN PHYSICIAN. Jb^ /uile' afire, cheat a.ge into be- lieving that it is still young. Fa'ble, story, not true, but in- tended to teach a lesson. In Mum, to sum up or give the result of the whole niatter. Rev'erend snow, the white liair that accompanies age. 1. Hark hither, reader! wilt thou see Nature her own physician be ? Wilt see a man all his own wealth, His own music, his own health ? A man whose sober soul can tell How to wear her garments well, — Her garments that upon her sit, As garments should do, close and fit'? A well-clothed soul that's not oj>]>ressed Nor choked with what she should be dressed ? A soul sheathed in a crystal shrine, Througji which all her bright features shine, — As when a piece of wanton lawn, A thin aerial veil, is draw^n O'er beauty's face, seeming to hide. More sweetly shows the blushing bride ? A soul, whose intellectual beams JVo mists do mask, 7io lazy steams? A happy soul, that all the way To heaven hath a summer's day ? 2. Wouldst see a man whose well-warmed blood Bathes him in a genuine flood ? A man whose tuned humors be A seat of rarest harmony ? Wouldst see blithe looks, fresh cheeks, beguile Age ? Wouldst see December smile ? W^Quldst see nests of new roses srrow In a bed of reverend snow ? 4 m FIFTH READER. Warm thoughts, free spirits, flatterinff vVinter's self into a sprincr? 3. In sum, wouldst see a man that can Live to be old, and still a man? Whose latest and most leaden hours t all with soft wings, stuck with soft flower.^. And, when life's sweet fable ends. Soul and body part like friends, — JJ^o quarrels, murmurs, no delay, -- A kiss, a sigh, and so away ? This rare one, reader, wouldst thou see? Hark hither! and thyself be he. craskar.. DIKECTIONS AND CAUTIONS FOIi HEADING. Li„e^3: Xo accent on Ln, buJIiei^^ t^ X^^^^ accent upon i«/,e«. > ^"'pnasis on so/<. LineS: Nu ROBERT BRUCE VICTORIOUS. Achieve', to perform. Bas'inet, helmet, headpiece. Caa'ket, a little cask, or case for holding jewels. Oouohed, in place for attack. Cru'ciflx, a figure of Christ on the cross. Destina'tion, place to which one is going. Embalm', to preserve from decay by spices and fragrant drugs. Bjijom', to order with authority. attempt, under- En'terprise, taking. Pe'alty, the oath to be true to their king which all knights took (Lat.^rfe/i/as, faith). Galled, annoyed. Xiiege, see page .33, Iiow'er, look dark. Loy'al, obedient, faithful. Mass, a Roman Catholic service Sep'ulohre, tomb. Van, the front. 1. Bruce came back to Scotland with renewed hone and couraore; and now h\. *... «"tJwea nope ~ ■ ^viiuuca were enureiy ROBERT BRUCE VICTORIOUS. 109 changed. He defeated the English whenever he met them, and the battle of Hannoekbuni * made him com- pletely victorious over his enemies. The night before this great battle began, Bruce, mountcul on a little pony, and with battle-axe in hand, rode ulong the front of his army, addressing words of encom-agement to liis men. On his basinet he wore a small crown, distinguishing him from his knights. When the main body of the English came up, an English knight. Sir Harry u( i„ '• Nliort time all the three bodies were engaged, and tliere were three; battles going on togot'ier. Seeing his men severely galled by th'e '^J'lglish archers, I J luce detached a '•'•ily of five hun- dred cavalry, un- der Sir Kobei-t Keith, to ride in While he himself plunc^ed into the 7.7''. ^'^'""' reserve Thn Kof^i '^ ^"® %^^ ^ith his im) nnn o^^ ^^^ "^^ '^ hand-to-hand fi<.ht of 100,000 agamst 30,000 men « t?^ * ^ favor of the weaker partrTh, F^^^^^^^^^^ '"'"'^^ "^ with a panic fear and th JiV ^^"^ '^''' '"^'^^ ^ a flio-ht Tf ; ' , ' ^«»f"^»«n vvas turned intr a nigiit. It appears that a irrouD of Sontf ;«v. k carriers and canip-fnii.,....r . "^ . , f^^^tish baggage- ^' ''■'"' F^^^'^'ti lor waiety behind ROBERT BRUCE VICTORIOUS. Ill the brow of the hill, becoming anxious to learn t^o fute of the battle, crawled to the t of it, wlience » *if'^ coultl look down on the field beneath. : The moment they s:iw that their countrymen were ^lining the (hiy, they set up a prolon^^ed nhout .ind waved their cl«»aks, •lich giving an impression to the English that there was a new anny coming to the attack, they turned their backs and fled. Many crowded to the rocks near Stirling, and many were drowned in the Forth. Ed- ward, the English king, led off the Held by the Earl of Pembroke, flel in the direction of Linlithgow; but being pursued by Douglas and sixty horsemen, he did not rest till he arrived at Dunbar, a distance of sixty miles from the field of battle, and there he took ship- ping for England. 8. When King Hobert felt that his end drew near, he sent for those barons and loj-ds of his kingdom in whoso devotion he had the gi eatest confidence, and affection- ately commanded them, on their fealty, that they should faithfully keej) the kingdom for David, his son, promise to obey Pavid, and place the crown uj)on his head when he attained the full age. Then the king beikoned that brave and gentle knight. Sir James Douglas, to come near, and thus addressed him in presence of the rest of his courtiers : " Sir James, my dear friend, few know better than yourself the great toil and suffering which, in my day, I have undergone for the maintenance of the rights of this kingdom ; and when all went hardest against me, I made a vow, which it now deeply grieves me not to have accomplished. I then vowed to God, that, if it were his sovereign pleasure to permit me to see an end of my wars, and to establish me in peace and security in the government of this kingdom, I would then proceed to the Holy Land, and carry on war 112 FIFTH READER. against the enemies of my Lord and Sariour, to the best and utmost of my power. 9. Never hath my heart ceased to bend earnestly to this purpose ; but it hath pleased our Lord to deny me my wishes, for I have had my hands full in my days, and, at the last, you see me taken with this grievous sickness, so that I have nothing to do but to die. Since, therefore, this poor irail body cannot go thither and accomplish that which my heart hath so much desired, I have resolved to send my heart there, in place of my body, to fulfil my vow • and because, in my whole king(^om, I know not any knight more hardy than yourself, or more thoroughly furnished with all those knightly qualities requisite for the accomplishment of this vow, it is my earnest request to you, my beloved and tried friend, that, for the love you bear me, you will, instead of myself, undertake this voyage, and acquit my soul of its debt to my Saviour- tor believe me, I hold this opinion of your truth and nobleness, that whatever you once undertake you will not rest till you successfully accomplish ; and thus shall 1 die m peace, if you will do all that I shall enjoin you. 10. It is my desire, then, that as soon as I am dead you take the heart out of my body, and cause it to be embalmed, and spare not to take as much of my treasure as appears sufficient for the expenses of your journey both for yourself and your companions ; and that yoJ carry my heart along with you, and place it in the holy sepulchre of our Lord, since this poor body cannot go thither. And I do moreover command, that iu the course of your journey you keep up that royal state, both for yourself and your companions, that into what- ever lands or cities you may come all may know you have in charge to bear beyond seas the heart of Kinc :.if ROBERT BRUCE VICTORIOUS. 113 o the best my heart it it hath )r I have last, you at I have this poor »at whicli d to send my vow ; not any oroughly lisite for t request the love take this Saviour ; 'uth and you will ius shall oin you. ead you t to be treasure ourney, hat you ;he holy nnot go iu the il state, o what- ow you f King 11. At these words, all who stood by began to weep ; and when Sir James himself was able to reply, he said, " Ah, most gentle and noble king ! a thousand times do I thank you for the great honor you have done me in permitting me to be the keeper and bearer of so great and precious a treasure. Most willingly, and, to the best of my power, most faithfully shall I obey your commands, although I do truly think myself little worthy to achieve so high an enterprise." " My dear friend," said the king, " I heartily thank you, provided you promise to do my bidding, on the word of a true and loyal knight." "Undoubtedly, my liege, 1 do promise so," replied Douglas, "by the faith which I owe to God, and to the order to which I belong." 12. " Now, praise be to God," said the king, " I shall die in peace, since I am assured that the best and most valiant knight in my kingdom hath promised to achieve for me that which I myself never could accomplish." And, not long after, this noble monarch departed this life. He died, June 7, 1329, in the fifty-fifth year of. his age. Douglas set out on his solemn expedition with the heart of the deceased sovereign in a silver casket ; but being killed in Spain fighting with the Moors,* the casket never reached its destination, and was brought back to Scotland, and buried at Melrose. The body of the royal Bruce, after being embalmed, was buried in the Abbey Church of Dunfermline.^ Sir Walter Scott {adapted). NOTES. 1. Bannockburn is near Stirling. 2. The national flag of Scotland, — a red lion on a golden ground. 8. King Robert's brother ; he became King of Ireland in !i{ffl 114 FIFTH READER. ih. I}, '« 111' 1316, but was defeated an<- killed at the battle of Dundalk, to 4. See note?, page 83. 5. Dunfermline is in Fifeshire. SUMMARY. 1. The day before the battle of Bannockburn Bruce rodP c^f on a small pony, and was attacked by Sir LZ Zn^^ ^^ whom he killed with a blow of his baWltaxe 7 Thp ^ ^k sTa^l^ofin-" ''^'^'^ ''' Engli^ln Vkhra'^Tt varo;irtt^aur^^^^^ ^- ^'^^^^^^ %ht between the mm^^^s^^^Z^Z"^^ men. 6 Panic seized the Ei ^^lish, and thev fled 7 v/i b^m^a^ t" ^8 Ed '"!, T ^" "^ ^ ^^^^ at^'theVgh oecame a lout. 8. Edward II. was led off the field by the Earl of Pembroke, and galloped to Dunbar. 9. When Eine Roopr Bruce was dying he requested Sir James (oTLtd^Jal' II. Bruce di^, June tS. at the'^^t rfi^;:^^^' T^ heart was placed in a silver caskpf iq nl i ^^^ tie of Bannockburn was fought on June 24, I3I4 1 Composition.- Give an account of the battle of Bannock '"'EnilTsh '^' 'ollowing heads: ,. Scotch pold on . hm 4 Thf bawln- i: f^rV''"'''' ''"'™" ""-ke oavalrv 7 An ^l'"" "'■*^'^- "■ ^'"^ Robert Keith's thrEngllsh. ^PJ""^*"™ "' '"« baggage-carriers. 8. Flight of ,.^^A?''^^T^- ^^"^^ "" ">« ^f-ls 'f the followin* sen 2. Analyze the above sentence. I w V ^ ° ^^'® ^^y '" which they are used. 4. Write an exercise as directed in Exercise 4 narrAqo h„* u fititute 6a<«e and A:m^ for earth and ^ea ' ^ ^ ' "' '"^ 115 mdaik, io rode oat ! Boliim, le SeolM-'h 3. T'ae English -to-hand ScoU;h- 7. The le flight the Karl ; Kooert Jawaes) had not o do so. 12. His s killed brought f liruce 'hu bat- n/ioek- H hill. ti»^ked. Keith's ifeht of §r sen- Sart to UDs or It sub- In circum'ference, round about; from Lat. circtim, round, and fero, I carry. AN ICEBERG. Lar'board, a sea term for the left side of a ship ; now port. Lee'ward, the side away from the wind ; a lee shore is the shore on the lee side of a ship. Seut'tle, a small opening in a ves- sel's deck. Transpar'ent, that can be seen through ; Lat. trans, thr ouRh, and pareo, I appear. 1. At twelve o'clock we went below, and had just got through dinner, when the cook put his head down the scuttle, and told us to come on deck and see the finest sight we had ever seen. " Where away, cook ? " asked the first man who went up. « On the larboard bow." And there lay, floating in the ocean several miles off, an immense irregular mass, its top and points covered with snow, and its 116 FIFTH READER. \l S, ' centre of a deep indigo color. This was an icebercr, one of the largest size, as one of our men said who had been in the Northern Ocean. 2. As far as the eye could reach, the sea in every di- rection was of a deep blue color, the waves nnining high and fresh, and sparkling in the light ; and in the midst lay this immense mountain-island, its cavities and valleys thrown into deep shade, and its points and pmnacles glittering in the sun. All hands were soon on deck looking at it, and ad- miring m various ways its beauty and grandeur ; but no description can give any idea of the strangeness, splen- dor, and real sublimity of the sight. 3. Its great size, for it must have been from two to three imlesm circumference, and several hundred feet m height ; its slow motion, as its base rose and sank in the water, and its high points nodded against the clouds ; the dashing of the waves upon it, which, break- ing high with foam, covered its base with a white crust • the thundering sound of the cracking of the mass, and the breaking and tumbling down of huge pieces, together with Its nearness and approach, which added a slight element of fear, - all combined to give it the character ot true sublimity. 4. The main body of the mass was, as I have said, of an mdigo color; its base was crusted with frozen toam; and, as it grew thin and transparent towards the edges and top, its color shaded off from a deep blue to the whiteness of snow. It seemed to be drifting slowly towards the north, so that we kept away and avoided it. 5. It was in sight all the afternoon ; and as we got to leeward of it the wind died awav. so fTinf wn io,.^.,u. near it for the greater part of' the night. Unfortu^ TO WATERFOWL. 117 nately, there was no moon ; but it waa a clear night, and we could plainly mark the long, regular heaving of the stujjendous mass, as its edges moved slowly against ^he stars. 6. Several times in our watch loud cracks were heard, which sounded as though they must have run through the whole length of the iceberg ; and several pieces fell down with a thundering crash, plunging heavily into the sea. Towards morning a strong breeze sprang up ; and at daylight it was out of sight. Dana. TO A WATEKFOWL. Whither, 'midst fulling dew. While glow the heavens with the last steps of day, Far* throiKrli tiiAir iv»a\r /1o.->f Ko A^c<*- fU^.. — , Thy solitary way ? th iiou pursue 118 FIFTH READER. If I *i If ■■■' i Vainly the fowler's eye Might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong, As, darkly painted on the crimson sky. Thy figure floats along. Seekest thou the jjlashy brink Of weedy lake, or rnaige of river wide Or where the rocking billows rise and sink On the chafed ocean side ? There is a Power whoso care Teaches thy way along that pathless coast, ' • -! desert and illimitable air, Lone wandering, but not lost. All day thy wings have fanned, At that far height, the cold, thin atmosphere ; let stoop not, weary, to the welcome land. Though the dark night is near. And soon that toil shall end, feoon Shalt thou find a summer home, and rest And scream among thy fellows ; reeds shall bend Soon o'er thy sheltered nest. ^ Thou 'rt gone, the abyss of heaven Hath swallowed up thy form ; yet on my heart Deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast giv-en, And shall not soon depart. He who, from zone to zone. Guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight. In the long way that \ must tread alone Will lead mv niM^a o..;,»^.* .• -- 1- "' ^o""- W. V. Bryant, 119 METHOD AND ITS ADVANTAGES. Des'ultory, jumping from subject to subject. In the Roman circus the desuUot leaped from horse to horse while they were galloping. Haz'ardous, full of risk. Lapse, passing away; from Lat. labor (lapsus), 1 slip away. Neces'sitate, make necessary, Nov'elty, newness; from Lat. 7iov^ts, new. Beotifloa'tion, putting or making right; from Lat. rectus, right, and facio, I make. Super'fluoufl, more than enough ; from Lat. super, over, and /mo, Iflow. Trivial'ity, commonness and tri- fling character; from Lat. trtvium, a place where three ways meet. Such a spot was likely to be a meeting-place for idlers and people who exchange gossip. Unpremed'itated, not thought of beforehand , from Lat. prte, before, and meditor, I medi- tate. 1. What is that which first strikes us, and strikes us at once, in a man of education, and which, among educated men, so instantly distinguishes the man of superior mind, that (as was observed with eminent propriety of the late Edmund Burke) « we cannot stand under the same archway during a shower of rain without finding him out " ? Not the weight or novelty of his remarks ; not any unusual interest of facts communicated by him ; for we may suppose both the one and the other precluded by the shortness of our intercourse and the triviality of the subjects. 2. The difference will be impressed and felt, though the conversation should be confined to the state of the weather or the pavements. Still less will it arise from any peculiarity in his words and phrases ; for if he be, as we now assume, a well-edu- cated man, as well as a man of superior powers, he will not fail to follow the golden rule of Julius Cjesar, and, unless where new things necessitate new terms, he will avmrJ nn uniifinal ■urrnvl no n ••/-««'L- T* -^^.-.c,*- U«,.^ i ... _._ , .... ,, . ...^rvj j_i. iiiust iiavC ITCCii among the earliest lessons of his youth that the breach fM I 120 FlFril READER. of this precept, at all times hazardous, becomes ridicu- lous in the topics of ordinary conversation. 3. There remains but one other point of distinction possible ; and this must be, and in fact is, the true cause of the ini- pression made on us. It is the unpremeditated and evidently habitual arrangement of his words, grounded on the habit of foreseeing, in each integral part, or (more plainly) in every sentence, the whole that he then intends to communicate. However irregular and des- ultory his talk, there is method in the fragments. 4. Listen, on the other hand, to an ignr'-ant man, though perhaps shrewd and able in his particular calling, whether he be describing or relating. We immediately perceive that his memory alone is called into action, and that the objects and events recur in the narration in the same order, and with the same accompaniments, however accidental or impertinent, as they had .irst occurred to the narrator. 5. The necessity of taking breath, the efforts of recollection, and the abrupt recti- fication of its failures, produce all his pauses, and, with the exception of the " and then,''' the " and there,'' the "says /," and the still less significant ''and so'' they constitute likewise all his connectives. Our discussion, however, is confined to method as employed in the formation of the understanding and in the constructions of science and of literature. It would, indeed, be super- fluous to attempt a proof of its importance in the busi- ness and economy of active or domestic life. 6. From the cotter's hearth, or the workshop of the artisan, to the palace or the arsenal, the first merit, that which admits neither substitute nor equivalent, is that every- thing is in its place. Where this charm is wanting, pvery other merit either loses its name, or becomes an additional ground of accusation and regret. Of one METHOD AND ITS ADVANTAGES. 121 by whom it is eminently possessed, we say, proverbially, he is like clockwork. 7. The resemblance extends beyond the point of regularity, and yet falls short of the truth. Both do, indeed, at once divide and an- nounce the silent and otherwise indistinguishable lapse of time. But the man of methodical industry and honorable pursuits does more : he realizes its ideal divisions, and gives a character and individuality to its moments. If the idle are described as killing time, he may be justly said to call it into life and moral being, while he makes it the distinct object, not only of the consciousness, but of the conscience. 8. He organizes the hours, and gives them a soul ; and that, the very essence of which is to fleet away, and evermore to have been, he takes up into liis own permanence, and com- municates to it the imperishableness of a spiritual nature. Of the good and faithful servant whose ener- gies, thus directed, are thus methodized, it is less truly affirmed that he lives in time than that time lives in him. His days, months, "nd years, as the stops and punctual marks in the records of duties performed, will survive the wreck of worlds, and remain extant when time itself shall be no more. S. T. Coleridge. Exercises.— -1. Write a short composition on ' The Advan- tages of Metliod " from tlie following heads : ( 1 ) The importance of a place for everything and everything in its place. (2) The importance of a time for everything. (3) The right words and l)hrases should be chosen. (4) These words and phrases should come in the right order, (o) Method enables more and better work to be done. 2. Explain the following phrases and sentences: (1) The one is precluded by the shortness of uur intercourse. (2) The othe is preciudcd by tuc ti'lvialliy of tlu- siibjeels. {'■)) Ne\v tilings necessitate new terms. (4) The unpiemeditated arrangement 122 FIFTH READER. Without finding him out '^ ™ """"« » ""'"'" »' "»l° 4. Analyze the ahove sentence. .. man, ra™ &c '^ ' ™^ '" '"'""'' '"»>' »« '"ed; 8. Note carefully the endings of the following words-- rinllnr -Kt 1. _ Collar Cella- Pillar Vulgar Vinegar Mangei" Paper Brier Eager Waiter Conductor Senator Traitor Ancestor Aggressor Saltpetre Manoeuvre Acre Lucre Massacre o ,,^ .^ , "^ iuassacre y. Write down all the words vou ran fhint ^* i method and order. "^ ®^ descriptive of VIRTUE. Betides', happens. Tide is the Old English word for season hour, or time. Cf. noon^rfe,' Christmas-t end here. Whence comes the rain that forms the mountain streams? Ohservation ena- bles you to answer the question. Hain does not come from a clear sky. It comes from clouds. Hut what are clouds? Is there nothing you are acquainted with which they resemble? You discover at once a likeness between them and the condensed steam of a locomotive. At every ]>uff of the engine, a cloud is projected into the air. a. Watch the cloud sharpi} . You notice that it first forms at a little dis- tance from the top of the funnel. Give close attention, and you will sometimes see a perfectly clear space between the funnel and the cloud. Through that clear space the thing which makes the cloud must pass. What, then, is this thing which at one moment is transparent and invisible, and at the next moment visi- ble as a dense, opaque cloud ? 7. It is the steam or vapor of icater from the boiler. Within the boiler this steam is tran8j)arent and invisi- ble ; but to keep it in this invisible state a heat would be required as great as that within the boiler. When the vapor mingles with the cold air above the hot fun- nel it ceases to be vapor. 8. Ev^ry bit of steam shrinks, when chilled, to a much more minute particle of water. The liquid particles thus produced form a kind of water dust of exceeding fineness, which floats in the air, and is called a cloud. * 9, Watch the cloud-banner from the funnel of a run- ning locomotive : you see it growing gradually less dense. !^ # m « 126 FIFTH READER. \THi iltii if It finally molts away altogether, and, if you continue your observations, you will not fail to notice that the speed of Its disappearance depends on the character of tne day. In moist weather the cloud hangs long and lazily m the air ; in dry weather it is rapidly licked up. 10. What has become of it? It has been reconverted into true invisible vapor. The drier and the hotter the air, the greater is the amount of cloud which can be thus dissolved m it. Make the lid of a kettle air-tight, and permit the steam to issue from the pipe; a cloud is formed in all respects similar to that which issues from the funnel of the locomotive. „. To produce the cloud, in the case of the locomotive and the kettle, heat is necessary. By heating the water we first convert it into steam, and ^hen by chilling the steam we convert it into cloud. Is there any fire in nature whi produces the clouds of our atmosphere ? There is, - the fire of the sun. ihus, by tracing a river backwards from its end to its real beginning, we come at length to the sun. EXERCISES.-1. Write a short paper on " The Origin of Riv- sTu cf";2 "RSn?^"^ 'T''-' ^'^ ^'^'^ ' -- froi^ mouth "o source. (2) Ram to supply it comes from clouds. (3) Clouds may be compared to steam from a locomotive. (4) De cripthm of steam from the funnel of an engine. (5) Heat is necZZ to produce ciouds. (6) Steps: sun, evaporation, cloZT Ton- darsauon, rain, river, sea, evaporation 6, «Jn, an/Tk rnf-*^^''^''''" '^® following phrases and sentences; (1) A brief CO iTtr""";;^,?^' mountains. (2) The rain whicL hfs per- colated through the soil. (3) It comes back to the light of dlv o& T'""^"'- ^'^ ^^^" ^' ^°"d««««d steam (5) The c»ud has been reconverted into invisible vapor J;.wfL"i!J.'/,.^_«^^«. '« the following sentence: In moist ' ~~". ""•- ■-'""" """gs iong auu iaxiiyin the ait 4. Analyze the above sentence. 1 A DINNER IN AN OLD MANOR-HOUSE. 127 5. Select from sections 7 and 8 all the words which may be either nouns or verbs, according to the way in which they are used, such as notice, cloud, &c. 6. Write an exercise as directed in Exercise 6, page 106. 7. Give the verbs or adjectives from which the following nouns are derived : division, beginning, residence, observation, acquaintance, transparency, disappearance, conversion, simi- larity. 8. Note carefully the endings of the following words: — Saucy Daisy Lazy Spicy Rosy Crazy Delicacy Courtesy Frenzy Legacy Heresy Dizzy 9. Write down all the words you know descriptive of a river. i Ll I, 1 A DINNER IN AN OLD MANOR-HOUSE. (Time of Edward I.) As'ate, a kind of precious stone. Assem'blaKe, company gathered together. Da'is, a raised floor, where the chief table was placed. Gourds, fruits Avith hard rinds, such as cucumbers, pumpk'ns, melons, etc.; /iere, cups made of the shell of a particular species. Insipid'ity, tastelessness. Jack, a kind of beer-jug. Prin'cipal, chief (Lat. princeps, chief). Repast', meal (Lat. pasco, I feed). Spit, large iron skewer. Strained, passed through a filter. Tol'erably, moderately. Tren'oher, wooden plate ; from Fr. irancher, to cut. Vas'sals, servants and tenants. 1. Let US imagine ourselves in one of them, as lookers- on, and seeing a lord sitting down to dinner with his guests and his vassals. All are gathered together in the halL At the upper end, on the dais, where the ground is somewhat raised and boarded over, sit the lord and his chief guests. 2. They are protected by a covering, which, as our host is a great man,* is made of silk. Below, in "the marsh," sit the vassals, farm ser- vants and othfirs- Th*> rln^r wriii'/iin ima i»«i^Kr i^o'^" Widened to let in carts more easily, is closed, to keep out ^m III 128 FIFTH READER. li- the wind, a dim light is let in through the canvas win- dows, and " the marsh " is made tolerably dry and clean by litter and rushes. 3. Fish in plenty is served up ; eels and pike, and even whale, grampus, porpoise, and "sea- wolves" may be had. There is plenty of beef, and plenty of mutton, but it is nearly all salted ; and the bread is rather black. Vegetables are plentiful enough ; there are no pt .atoes, but there are peas, beans, onions, garlic, and leeks, pot herbs and sweet herbs. 4. There is fruit enough, though not equal to what we now have- There are pears, and particularly one sort, grown by the monks of Wardon, in Bedfordshire, which are made into Wardon pies. There are apples, particularly of the sort called "costard." These cost Is. per 100, or about 12s. at present. Peaches and cherries, and mulberries too, are not wanting. 5. If we suppose the entertain- ment to be given in London, the garden of the Earl of Lincoln, in Holborn, would be ready to furnish a good supply, for the fruit out of it was sold for above £100 sterling in one year alone. There is plenty of claret, or dairetSj — so called because the wine was sweetened with honey, and afterwards strained till it was clear, — from the English possessions in Gascony, and some sort of sherry from Spain, for those who sit on the dais ; and beer and cider enough for those who sit in " the marsh." 6. But the beer is made of a mixture of barley, wheat, and oats, without hops, which have not yet been '' found out." The insipidity of the beer is taken off by spices. There is wine, too, made from English vineyards, but it must be sour stuff, and fit only for " the marsh." Nobody but the king ha'fe glass to drink out of, and he has none to spare for his friends ; but he has cups made of cocoa- nuts, of gourds, of buffalo horns, and of beautiful agates, for his priucipai guests. 7. The wooden bowl, the earthen m A DINNER IN AN OLD MANOR-HOUSE. 129 J tig, and the leatlieni jack serve w^U enough for the great bulk of the assenibhige. The tables are .pretty firm, for their logs are well istuck into the mud floor. Now that the guests are seated, and ready for tlieir repast, up comes the meat on a spit, served round by the servants, and each man cuts off a bit with his knife, and puts it into his wooden bowl or on his trencher. Most of the people have wooden spoons, but nobody has a fork. The i)itchers and jugs are made of earthen ware, but the plates or dishes are all of wood. History of England, by William Louyman, ExEHCiSES. — 1. Write a short account of "An Old English Diiuier" from the following heads: (1) The lord and his guests on the dais; the vassals and servants in " the marsh." (2) The fish. (3) The heef and vegetables. (4) The fruit. (5) The wine and beer. (6) The cups and bowls. (7) How the meat was served. (8) The spoons, jugs, and plates. 2. Explain the following sentences: (1) The insipidity of the beer is taken off by spices. (2) The leathern jack serves well enough for the great bulk of the assemblage. 3. Parse all the words in the following sentence: The legs of the tables are well stuck into the mud floor. 4. Analyze the above sentence. 5. Select from sections 5 and (3 all the words which may be either nouns or verbs, according to the way in which they are used, such as cost, want, &c. 6. Write an e.xercise as directed in Exercise 6, page 106. 7 Give the verbs or adjectives from which the following nouns are derived: imagination, dinner, entertainment, mix< tiire, insipidity^ assemblage. 8. Note carefully the endings of the following words: — Variety Imagine Seivant Wooden Anxiety Margin Recent Villain Society Civility Sweeten Basin Sobriety Insipidity Medicine Muslin 9. Write down all tUe words you can remember descriptive of ^7.;. ^ III! 180 FIFTH READER. m III' TROPICAL SCENERY. BuT'trdsses, supports or props. Ind:,n;enous, native. JjUxu riant, of rank or excessive growtL. Ob'durate, obstinate, and not to be easily got rid of. Par'asitQS (vegetable), properly, plants such as the mistletoe, whicli Jiave tlieir roots in, and live on, other plants. The word is liere used in a popular sense for a clinging plant, sudi as ivy, Profu'sion, great plenty. Salu'brity, healthfulness. Squat'led, "sat down " or settled without asking leave. Ten'dril, a shoot of a plant that climbs round another body for support. Unencum'bered, not burdened. I. ihere is scenery in Jamaioa almost equallinir that ol Switzerland and the Tyrol ; > and there is also, which IS more important, a temperature among the mountains ^ in which a European can live comfortably. It is, of course, known that the sugar-cane is the chief production of Jamaica; but one may travel for days in the island and see a piece of cane only here and there. By far the greater ])ortion of the island is cov- ered with wild wood and jungle, -there called hush. 2. Throughout this, on an occasional favorable spot, and v-^ry f.'equently along the roadsides, one sees the jjar- dens or provision-grounds of the negroes. These are 8-pots of land cultivated by them, for which they pay rent, or on which, as is quite as common, they have squatted without payment of any kind Til?''" r';7Jfio"-grounds are very picturesque, a hey are not h led, as a peasant's garden in England or in Ireland is fil ed with potatoes and cabbages, tr other vegetables similarly uninteresting in their growth ; but they contain cocoa trees, bread-fruit trees, orange, man- go, ime, plantain, jack-fruit, avocado pear, and a score of other trees, all of which are luxuriant, some of con- siderable si.e, and all cf them of great beauty. 4. The 4 I i TROPICAL SCENERY 181 ])otato, the root 3 alone is eaten, but iht; i '3 ' i; !l 'jhB: ' m m : I f n 1^ f'. iji 'I. 132 FIFTH HEADER. upper part of the yam is fostered and cared for as a creeper so that tlie ground may be unencumbered by Its thick tendrils. Suj.port is j.rovided for it, as for grapes or peas. Then one sees also in these ])rovision- grounds i)atches of coffee and arrow-root, and occa- sionally also patches of sugar-cane. «. One of the most remarkable characteristics of Ja. maica is the great number of its rivers. It is said that the original nanu-, Xaymaca, signifies u country of streams, — a name certainly not undeserved. This abundance, though it adds to the beauty, as no doubt It does also to the salubrity and fertilit/of the island adds something, too, to the difficulty of locomotion! JMidgc. have not been built, or, sa'full etfect'of tr seen thai the original tree has departed wholly out ol siglit, and I should imagine almost wholly from exist ence, — then the very name is changed, and the cot. ton-trvr<3 is called a fig-tree. In others the process ot destruction may be observed, and the interior trunk may be ncen to be stayed in its growth and stunted m its raeasuve by tlie creepers which surround it. 12. But it often hap]>ens that the tree has reached its full growth before the parasites have fallen on it, and then, in ])lace of being strangled, it is adorned. Every branch is covered with a wondrous growth, — with plants of a thousand colors and a thousand sorts. Some droop with long and graceful tendrils from the boughs, and 80 touch the ground ; while others hang in a ball ot leaves and flowers, whidi .swings for years. TTvllopc. • li 184 t^FTIl UEADElt. H m % I'l i.-f II! ^f iNOTES. J. Switzerland and the Tyrol. —These two countries Jle among the Alps, tlie latter benig a part of the empire of Aus- tria. They liave, therefore, Alpine scenery; that is, lofty, sharp-peaked mountains, covered with eternal snow; dark forests of pine; steep, grass-covered slopes, and quiet, deep lakes at their feet. 2. Temperature among the mountains.— Jt is well known that the thermometer (Fahrenheit's) falls one degree for every 533 feet of ascent from the level of the sea. The highest moun- tains and plateaus in the world arc within the torrid zone, with the exception of the Himalayas, which are very near it. Thus, within the tropics, it is pjossible to find every kind of tempera- ture, climate, and productions. 3. Potatoes arc not roots; they are bulbs containing the buds or "eyes" for producing new plants. Composition.— Write a short paptr on Jamaica from the following heads: 1. The scenery. 2. Tlie productions. 3. The rivers. 4. The gardens of the r.egroos, '). The bamboo. 6. The cotton-tree. 7. The parasitic plants. ExKKciSES.— 1. Explain the following phrases: (1) The ne- groes have squatted upon them without payment of any kind. (2) The upper part of the yam is fostered as a creeper, so that the ground may be unencumbered by its thick tendrils. (3) The great number of its rivers adds to the salubrity and fertility of Jamaica. (4) The bamboo, in its indigenous state, grows in long rows by the river-sides. (5) These trees produce an effect which nothing can surpass. (0) The branches break forth from the head of the cotton-tree in luxurious profusion. (7) Of all the parasites, tlie fig is the most obdurate with its embraces. («} The original tree has departed wholly from sight. 2. Parse all the words in the following sentence: The branch of the bamboo is a huge hollow cane, bearing no leaves except at its head. Analyze the above sentence. 3. LAST CUAllGE AT WATEJilOO, 186 DOW : dark 4. Select from the first two sections words wliich luai He used either as nouns or verbs (such, for example, as equal, course, &c. ), 5. Give tl»c vjrbs or adjectives from which the following uouns are derived: pi-oducUon, trnceller, favorllc, fre/, payment, provision, luxuriance, coni'u^ration, remark, orileased to appoint me to a cockle-boat, I shall feel grateful." 5. After the sieges of Calvi and Bastia in 1793, in ivhich Nelson displayed military talents which would not have disgraced a general, liis services, bv an uni>ar- donable omission, were altogether overlooked ; his name 1 1 "^* ^^^" appear in the list of woun< had lost an eye. "One b'mdred and te lo-f lays," said ho, IIP m iij' 144 FIFTH READER. " I have been actually engaged at sea and on shore against the enemy; three actions against ships, two against Bastia in my own shij), four boat-actions, two villages t.ikon, and twelvt^ vessels burnt. 6. I do not know that any one has done more. I have had the comfort to be always applauded by my^commander-in-chief, but never to be rewarded; and what is more mortifying, for ser- vices in which ^ have been wounded others have been praised, who at the same time were actually in bed, far from the scene of action. They have not done me justice ; but never mind, I '11 have a Gazette of my own." How amply was this second-sight of glory "realized! 7. Previous to his attack on Teneriffe,' after having failed in an attemi»t' to take it before, he wrote to hi^ commander-in-chief, "This night I command the whole force destined to land under the batteries of the town, and to-m we succeed, what will the world say?" "There is „<. {/'in the case," replied Nelson ; "that we shall succeed IS certain : who may live to tell the story is a very dif- lerent question." H. In the battle of the Nile the French had a superi rity over the British of one hundred and eighty-four .iruns and three thousand and eighty-two .nen ; yet thev lost five sail taken, th.ree sail burne.l, one driven on shore and fired, and thi-ee friirates. " \'ictr.rv " said Nelson, " is not a name stron- enouo-h fo,- inch 'an achievv ment : it should he called a concjuest." ... Sortlhey. ExFRcisEs - 1 W,ifc a short paper on Lo.m, Nklson fro.u the following heads: ( I ) His weak health when vonng. (2) Slow promofon^ ,•]) Never happy hnt wlien on service. (4? H s attack on Teneriffe. (5) Mis con.hict when wounded 2. Explam the following phrases and st-ntenees: (i) Mv mind was staggered with a view of the ditlienkies I had to surmount (2) By an unpardcvable omission. {:]) My liead wiil be crowned either with laurel or with cypress. (4) He peremptorily n'' tused all assistamv m getting on board. '5) Such an achieve- 3. Parse all the words in the following sentence: Victorv is not a name strong enough for such an achievement. 4. Analyze the above sentence. .">. Select from sections 10 and 14 all the words which may b. used either as nouns or verbs, such as prartlre (pmrthp'ih^ verb), cruise, board, etc. Mmun^p, ui(s «. Write an exercise as directed in Exercise (5, page lOG i. (xive the verbs or adjectives from whicli the followino nouns are derived: darling (^ drar-lin^)^ ohUuation, enjoy: >»nit ftealth, depression, difficulty , possession, discovery ic clamatwn, coiifidence, divinity, pleasure, gratitude, omission applause. ' ■ 147 THE RETREAT FROM .ArosCOW. Afs'onizing:, causing pain. Alter'nately, by turns, first in one way, then in anotlier (Lat. alter, one of two). Attract'inK, drawing to them (Lat. od, to, and trnlio, I draw). Autom/atona, self-moving ma- oVne^ (Gr. outomafos, self- iiioving). Biv'ouac. encampment of an army without tents. Car'tridRe, a paper casn •ontain- ing a cliarge of gunpo-vder. Decomposed', caused to tiec^ay. Diluted, thinned by mixing witli water, Dole'ful. sad (Lat. t/otm, I grieve). Exhaua'tion, utter weariness. Monot'onous, never varying. Spec'tres, gliosis (Lat, spectrum, an appearance). Stu'por, state of unconsciousne.ss. 1. On the day after Napoleon's departure the sky e.x- hibited a dreadful appearnnce. You miirht see icy par- ticles floating in the air ; and the birds falling quite stiff and frozen. We flitted along in this empire of death like unhappy spirits. The dull and monotonous sound ot our steps, the crackling of the snow, and the feeble groans of the dying, were the only interruptions to the vast and doleful silence. 2. Such of our soldiers as had hitherto been the most persevering here lost heart en- tirely. Whenever they stopped for a moment from exhaustion, the winter, laying his heavy and icy hand upon them, was ready to seize his prev. In vain did these poor unfortunates, feeling benumbed, raise them- selves, and, already deprived of the power of speech, and sunk m a stupor, proceed a few steps like automa- tons, and then stagger as if they had been intoxicated 3. i^ rom their eyes, which were reddened and inflamed by the continual glare of the snow, by the want of sleep, and by the smoke of the bivouac, there flowed real tears of blood; their bosoms heaved with deep sighs • •^ '. " "■ ' • "' -=M ^^^ tio, ami at ine earth, with an eye dismayed, fixed, and wild ; it expressed their fa»n»- i- SHI! "i m 'mm P1||§|i'i 148 FIFTH READER. well, and perhaps their reproaclies, to the barbarous climate which had tortured thcin. 4. It was not long before they fell upon their knees, and then upon their hands; their heads still wiivered for a few minutes alter- nately to the right and left, and from their open mouths some agonizing sounds escaped ; at last they fell upon the snow, and their sufferings were at an end. Their comrades, for fear of prolonging the journey, i>assed by without moving a step out of the way, or even turning their heads ; for their beards and their hair were stiffened with the ice, and awaYy movement was pain. 5. Such were the last days of the Grand Army of France. Its last flights were still more dreadful.. Those whom the night surprised marching together, far from every habitation, halted on the bordevs of the woods ; there they lighted their fires, before which they remained during the whole night, erect and motionless, like spectres. They seemed as if they could .lever have enough of the heat; they kept so close to it as to burn their clothes, as well as the frozen parts of their bodies. The most dreadful pain then comj)elled them to stretch themselves on the snow, and the next day they attempted in vain to rise. 6. In the mean time, those whom the winter had almost wholly spared, and those who still retained some portion of courage, prepared their melan- choly meal. It consisted, ever since they had left Smo- lensk, of some slices of horse-flesh broiled, and some rye meal diluted into a thin soup with snow-water, or kneaded into muffins, which they seasoned, for want of salt, with the powder of their cartridges. The sight of these fires was constantly i tracting fresh spectres, who m ere driven back by the first comers. They then laid themselves nOWn 111 flip KlliiVV llpllilK"? thoil» mrvv'i ■frwi.+ nnof o nn-n^t^nAns and there ex])ired. * THE RETREAT FROM MOSCOW. I49 Exp:RciaE8, — 1. Write a short composition on '* The Retreat of the French from Moscow " from tlie following heaiis: ( I ) The appearance of the sky. (2) The dull, monotonous tread of the men. (3) A soldier stops, and then gradually sinks, never to rise again. (4) At night the sohliers light fires on the edge of the woods. (5) Their food. (0) The death of those who can- not get near the fires. 2. Explain the following phrases and sentences: (1) The monotonous sound of our steps was the only interruption to this doleful silence. (2) The soldiers proceeded a few steps like automatons. (3) The night surprised them. (4) Rye meal diluted into a thin soup. 3. Parse all the words in the following sentence: On the day after Napoleon's departure the sky exhibited a dreadful appear- ance. 4. Analyze the above sentence. .5. Select from sections 5 and 6 all the words that may be either nouns or verbs, according to the M-ay in which they are used, as surprise, march, halt, border, etc. 6. Write an exercise as directed in Exercise 6, page 106. 7. Give the verbs or the adjectives from which the following nouns are derived: departure, appearance, interruptions, ex- haustion, sufferings, movement. 8. Note carefully the endings of the following words : — w* 'I Magnificent Innocent Complacent "Violent Ancient Insolent Confident Vacant Elegant Consonant Brilliant Fragrant Pleasant Abundant Negligent Excellent Consequent Patient Different Indolent Sufficient 9. Write down all the words you know descriptive of a snow- storm. if ■■":;• n :::^% m \60 Frrrii reader. m ' ^lii h SPKIXG 18 COME. Athwart'. acogH. j gpr^y^ ,i^.,„ ^^.j^ Eaher.air. .| Traaslu'oent. clear, but not Lea, flol.l or meadow. tranHp.irentlv «o. Quire = choir, a bai f sin««is. , Ver'aal. iM-loi.giny t.. si.ni,-. I. Yd coax the timid venluiv Along tlie hills of spring, iiluo skies and gentle breezes, And soft clouds wandering I ^'^ The quire of birds on buddii- si)i'ay, Loud larks in ether, sing: A fresher i)ulse, a wider da\ , Give joy to everything. The gay translucent morning Lies glittering on ihi^ sea, The noonday sprinkles shadow Athwart the daisied lee ; The round sun's sinking scarlet L rim Tn vapor hideth he, The darkling hours ai-e cool and dim. As vernal niuht should '^i! i^^--^'f=s-v-'mm^**^.m^.m^^ :-^^ THE DEATH OF XELSOX. 151 3. Our earth ha.s not groun ai?(Vi, With all her countless years ; She works and never wearies, Is glad and nothing fears : The glow of air, broad land and wave. In season reappears, And shall, when sluinber m the grave These hunian snules and tears. IVUtiam AUinijIuiin. r.^UTiox8 _ Vekse l.-Li.i« ,S: Do not emphasize thiwj. VE.i«E ^. ~ Lnie2: Avoid the verse accent upon on, and make on-tU-m, oue word. Line 8: Emphasize Hhonld slightly THE DEATH OF NELSON. Alle'viate, to littteu or make more bearable; from hat. Itv^" light. Badg'es, marks, 8igns,or emblems. Ep'aulette, a dhouluei- ornament. Humanity, such Rludncss as ought to l»e shown by human beijigs to human beings. Sublim'est, the grandest that can be thought of. TiFler, the handle for moving the ruiUler. 1. It had been part of Nelson's prayer ^ that the British fleet might be distinguished by humanity in the victory which he expected. Setting an example himself, he twice gave orders to cease firing upon the Redoubtable ^ supposing that she had struck « because her great ^xms were silent; for, as she carried no flag, there was no means of mstantly ascertaining the fact. Irom this ship, which he had thus twice spared, he received his death. 2. A ball, fired from her mizzen-top,* which, in the then situation of the t^vo vessels, was not more than ^-..>v^.^ x.^xxi ii;aL pan or cne aeuk wiiore iie was stPncMng, struck the epaulette on his left shoulder, about w FJPTH READER. a quarter after one, ju«t in the lieat of aetion. lie fell upon bis face, on the spot which was covered with his l»oor secretary's Mood. Hardy, who was a fcAV steps from liiiii, turning round, «iw three men raiHinu^him u)*. "They have done for me at last, Hardy," said he. " I hope not," cried Hardy. "Yes," herejdii-d, "my hack- hone is shot through." 3. Yet even now, not for a moment losing his presence of n ind, he observed, as they were carrying him down the ladder, that the tiller ropes, which had been shot away, were not yet replaced, and ordered that new ones should be rove* immediately ; then, thai he might not be seen by the crew, he took out his hantlkerchief, and covered his face and his stars. Had he but concealed these badges of honor from the enemy, England per- haps would not have had cause to receive with s rrow the news of the battle of Trafalgar. 4. The cockpit * was crowded with wounded and dying men, over whose bodies he was with some difficulty conveyed, and laid upon a pallet in the midshij>men's^ berth. It was soon perceived, upon examination, that the wound was mortal. This, however, was concealed from all except Captain Hardy, the chaplain, and the medical attend- ants. (5. He himself being certain, from the sensation in his back and the giidh of blood he felt momently M'ithin his breast, that no human care could avail him, insisted that the surgeon should leave him, and attend to those to whom he might be useful : " For," said he, " you can do nothing for me." All that could be done was to fan him with paper, and frequently give him lemonade to alleviate his intense thirst, o. He was in great pain, and expressed much anxiety for the event of the action, which now began to declare itself. As often as a ship struck, the cicw of the Victoiy liurrahc'd, and at every THE DEATH OF NELSON. 158 hurrah a visible exprcsKioii of joy gleamed in the eyes .111(1 marked the eounten.'iiu'o of the (lyin^ hero. 7. Hut he became impatient to see Captain Hardy ; and as that officer, though often sent for, couM not leave the deck, NelHon feared that some fatal cause j.revented him, and rejjcatedly cried, " Will no one bring Hardy to me? He must be killed: He is surely dead ! " An hour and ten minutes elapsed from the time when Xel- 8on received his wound before Hardy could come to him. 8. They shook hands in silence. Hardy in vain struggling to suppress the feelings of that most painful yet sublim- esi moment. " Well, Hardy," said Nelnon, « how goes the day with us ? " « Very well," replied Hardy ; " ten ships have struck, but five of .lu: an have tacked, and show an intention to bear ''own up n the Victory. I have called two or three of on fresh ships round, and have no doubt of giving them r driboing." " I hope," said Nelson, " none of our ships have struck." Hardy answered, "There was no fear of that." 9. Then, and not till then, Nelson spoke of himself. « I am a dead man. Hardy," said he; "I am going fast; it will be all over with me soon ; come nearer to me," Hardy ob- served that he hoped Mr. Beattie could yet hold out some prospect of life. " O, no," he replied, " it is im- possible; my back is shot through, — Beattie will tell you so." Captain Hardy then once more shook hands with him, and, with a hoart almost bursting, hastened upon deck. 10. By this time all feeling below the breast was gone; and Nelson, having made the surgeon ascertain this, said to him, " You know I am gone ; I know it, — I feel something rising in my breast" (putting his hand on his left 8ide) " which tells nw so." And ui)on Ik-attie's Miquiring whether his pam \s ;is very great, he replied, iff* I 154 FIFTH READER. "So great, that Iwish I was dead." "Vet," said he in a lower voice, "one would like to live a little longer too." n. Captain Hardy, sotne fifty minutes after h- had left the cockpit, returned, and, again taking the hand of his dying friend and commander, congratulated him on having gained a complete victory. How many of the enemy were taken he did not know, as it was impossil.it. to perceive them distinctly, but fourteen or fifteen at loa. . " That 's well," cried Xelson ; "but I bargained tor twenty." 12. And then, in a stronger voice, he said, "Anchor, Hardy, anchor." Hardy upon this hinted that Admiral Collingwood« would take upon himself the direction of affairs. " Xot while I live, Hardy," s.-iid the dying Xelson, ineffectually endeavo>ingto raise himself from the bed; "do you anchor." His previous orr face bathed in teai-s, hidin« her eyes now with her handkerchief, now with her hancf seyeral times putting out her head to see yet again this palace of her fathers, whither she was to return no more. She motioned her regret, her gratitude, to the good nation which was crowding here to bid her farewell. Then arose not only tears, but piercing cries, on all sides. Men and women alike abandoned themselyes tc such expression of their sorrow. It was an audible sound of wail in the streets and ayenues of Vienna. The laet .UA n IE A X TO/XE TTK. 150 courier that followed hor (lisnpi.eared, and the crow.] nu'ltod away." 8. The young imperial maiden of fifteen lijis noM- become a worn disero'vned widow of thirtv-eicrht ncy.pnntiniiii,l /-.t.:.^.. v%J? ti V:.... i_ T»/ ... » t. ,1^-xTi " \ ;vcMu UijpriDlKjUe; C.rlylt. IT lr>o FIFTH READER. ■iiii!' ly^ I NOTES. 1. Palace of Justice, that Is, court-house. 2. Marlr Antoinette (de Lorraine) was the youngest «hiughter of Francis ' , Ernperor of Germany. Slie was born at Vienna in 1755. i^ue was married at the ajre of fifteen to tlie Dauphip afterwards Loulb XVI. Her mother was i\w. famous Jimia Theresa, Empress of German',. Slie was couilemned to ^U ail- on false charges, and executed on the IGth of Octobei-, Vim. 3. Robespierre was ^le of she three who bore chief rul" ^u France during " The Terror,' — that period of die Fieuch Revolution in which so many pt ople were executed. He hiin- self suffered death on the scaffoiti in July, )7!H, in theivaction against the Terroi-. ExEJK'isKs. —J, Write a Si mm auy of paragraph , f the fol- tendfor; SNOW AND ICE. Accu'mulatingr, heaping up. From Lat. atf, and cumulus, a heap. Perpet'ual, everlasting. From l.at. perjiiliiHg, lasting. Resist', withstand. From Lat. re, hack or against, and siatu, I stand. Succeed'ing, coming on one after another. Froni Lat. mh, under or after, and ndo, 1 go. (From the latter word come proceed, exceed, secede, procession, excess, secession, etc.) 1. Tlie air is full of moisture, which the heat of the sun has drawn up from the sea ; and all this moisture comes back again to the earth, sooner or later, in the form of rain and snow. If the air which covers the earth in any particular place be warm, then the moisture falls •ItummfK 162 FIFTH READER. 11 from the a.r ,n the forn. of dew an.l rain ; if the nir be . surtiCRM.tly cold, it fall, as .now or hail. .Snow, then, is trozen nun. .. I„ place, in the equatorial remons or I'oar then,, snow never falls, except on the toi,s of very In^di n.ountains; but the inhabitants of countries at some dustanc-e north and south of these regions are .•'<-custo.ne(l to see the ground covered with a white mantle during a greater or smaller portion of the year n those countries which lie near the North and South I olest^hegroumliscontinually covered with snow, which '« |»artly melted during the stmnner, when the sun is ^•onst^mtly above the hori/on for about six months. 3. VV..en we chmb a .nountain we find it gradually ..•owmg colder and colder, however hot it may be at the base. If the mountain be a sufficiently Im'h one we always at last reach a point where it is s^ cold that' the snow that alls during the winter does not n.elt in . sunnner 1 h.s point is called the "line of perpetual ^nmv Below this hue the snow melts in the suiimer, '"•t above rt the ground is always white. 4. In some eountr.es, such as Spitzbergen, it is so cold that the ;^hole land is above this Wn., and therefore the grouuetual ow till we Iiaye reached about five thousand fe<.t ove the level of the sea. There are, however, in H.itain no mountains five thousand feet high, and con- scMiuenty there is no part of the island coy^red ^Z^ snow all the year round. 5. Travelling from liritain to he warmer countries of Central Europe, we find that the height o the line of perpetual sno^ has risen to about eight thousand feet. The lofty peaks of the great mountain Cham of the Alps in Switzerland are fromlm- tvt„ .... «^,^.ea iiiousaua ieet in iieight, so that they are SNOW AND ICE. 168 clad MI perpetual snow tor h\x or seven tliousand feet below their suniinits. «. Lastly, if we ^o to really hot eountries, such as South America and India, we Hnd that It 18 not cold enou^li for the snow to lie always on the «,'round till we luive elitnhed to a height of fifteen or twenty thousand feet above the level of the sea. It is therefore, only the tops of the highest [leaks of the Andes and Ilnnalayas which lie above the line of perpetual snow. 7. All the parts of a mountain which lie above the Inie of perpetual snow are, of course, continually re- ceiving fresh falls. As the snow does not melt above this line, it is clear that the thickness of snow ought to become greater and greater every succeeding year. The mountain, therefore, should always be getting higher and higher. 8. As a matter of fact, however, the snow does not go on accumulating in this way above the line of perpetual snow, and consequently the mountain does not grow any higher. What, then, becomes of the snow which falls every winter, seeing that it does not melt? 9. If the top of the mountain were a level plain. It 18 quite clear that the snow would become deeper and deeper every year, and so the mountain would be- come higher and higher. Few mountains have a level top like this. A mountain is generally very uneven at the top, and .always slopes away into the valleys, which, in turn, lead into the low country beneath, lo. The snow which falls on the top of the mountain is thus unable to rest in the place where it fell. It is con- stantly slipping down the slanting sides of the mountain into the heads of the valleys, which in this way c mi VIC, II n tains, at once, ains are valleys asses of ," from liey arc inovin<4: ' in fact y river )nly by ss with found id vou afl if reams, v'ds of ward", wlii^Ii petual SNOW AND ICE. 166 the sides of the mountain, till t. get into the lower country, and then they are no loiiger able to resist the QLACIER MKLTIK.; iXTO A i fVKK. neftt. f\i ijnct aim nnA *V>^ n^n—^^l. .^ >i • _. ..„,. — .... -.^^ ..asjiic;: 'oi tne air. it 'i'hey now melt, and from the end of . ach Of thcL proaeedi 166 FIFTH READER. .^• m\ w- III' I.* m a larger or a Hmall(>r stroam of water, icy cold, and thick Willi the mud fonncd by the ice, as it grindn its way down the rocky vnlh-y that imprisons it. Some of tlie most famous rivers in the worhl, such as the Rhine and the Gan^^es, In-j^in as streams issuing from icy cav- erns at the end of great glaciers, high amongst the mountains. SiJMMAitv of paragraplis 11 to 10 ExEKcisKS. — I. Write Inclusive. 2. Write an ar.oimt of "A (ilarier" from your (jwn sum- mary. ;}. Explain tho following sentences ami i)hia.Hos, and give synonyms for ho single wordH: (I) Tho snow .loes not go on accimmlatlng m this way above the line of i)erpetual snow. (3) The thickness of snow onjiht to become greater every suc- ceeding year. (;{) Sumnjit. (4) Progress. (.5) Occupied by masses of soliil ice. 4. Pars*! all the words in tlie following sentence: Tho air is full of moisture which the heat of (he sun has drawn up from the sea. 5. Analyze the following sentence: — " When I am fnrKotten, as I Bliall l>e, And sleep in (Uill, eold niiiibk', wIi.th no mention Of nie more must be heard of, say, I Miught tUee." 6. Write down all the words you know that are derived from the following English words: full, come,^ ruin, snow, ah- ear i fall,^ all,* ivhlte. 7. Write down all the words you know that are derived from the following Latin words: hahit-are, to dwell; <,ra,hiH, a step- cumulus, a heap; prntiredior (past pait. vroyresHUH), I <'o for- ward; /«*»«, fume. " 8. Make sentences each of which shall contain aditferentone of the following phrases: to make uood ; to piece out ; to eke out ; to be resolved into ; to break itp ; to merge in. * Income, vew-cnmcr, welcome, etc. « To plough. Hence, earth = the ploughed. » Befallj fell (= to make to fall). n ii*tiii, auu*€ \— ail Oiid), uUhmigh^ etc* 167 HOILING WATER, HOT SPItlNGS, AND GEVSERS. Oon'«equently, foiiowirii? ; or it th«rj.fore follows. From Lat *etiui, to follow, Heune also, Meqiie/, Hetjuent, persecute, anonnecteil witli guHh, f,HHf, and with the tier- man fileggeu, to pour ; Onus, a gush, etc.) In Btiooea'aion, ouo after another. From Lat. suO, under or after, and certo, I go. Suf> becoinen ■«'"• before a c . ar..,« cen^ is an- other part of the root r,;/. From the Maine root come in- terregnion, a going f>e/ireen: pro- 'eHuio,,, a golnK/,)rM.- eonces lion, a. going together; gece». sion, a going nwni/ from ; and others Thermom'eter, a measurer of lioat. From (ir. thertnoi*, heat, and vKtmu, a measure. Voloa'no, dee page 26. 1. If wc. tHko a pan of water anut thi.s eseapen from the •surface quietly. After a while, however, Ve «ee that the water is ben.n. rapidly turnetl into steam. This (•hnn a deep mine in the earth, a. If, on the other hand, we go uf) to the top of a high mountain, a great deal of the iiir is below us, and only part of it is above us and able to press upon us; so that the weight of the air is much less for this reason in such a situation. Consecpiently, it takes a much smaller degret^ of heat to boil water on the top of a mountain than it does on the shore, for there is not so much weight of air pressing u[>on the water and keep ing it from passing into steam, fi. This fact has been turned to account in measuring into the 1 1» called ! same at r is not, In some n it does i curiouH ling " of iter into the sur- nstantly is steam 10 steam WUy iuu\ vereome that the Boessary It of the ereased. ( tlie air b to boil T place, ! in the e t()|) of us, and pon us; i reason 1 much jp of a I not 80 <1 keep asuring HOT SPH/Xf.s AM) GEYSERS. 1(J9 the height of mountains. We know precisely what is the degree of heat required to make water boil at the level of the sea, so that if we notice how much smaller a degree of heat is needed to make wati'r boil on the top of a mountain, we shall know how much of the air we have left below us, and therefore how hi.di fho mountain is. 7. If we put a pan of water into T vessel from which we pump out the air by pro])er machinery we can leave so little air that there is hanlly any weirmgs of Iceland occn- in a desolate and barren dis- tnct about thirty mile, from the famous volcano of llockla. a here are about one hundred of them within a envu.t ot two miles ; one of these, however, is much larger than the others, and is called the (Ireat Geyser. ^^^ExKRciSKs.--,. Write a short SfMMAHv of paragraphs 7 .o 2. Write a short paper on " Boilin? Water" from the fr.l- ow.n, heads: (,) What we see in a pot of JjrZ t e nt s .1; "m Iwr'" P''^^"' '■" '''' ^•^^^••- ^•^) "ow the boiling ith 'e '.M t ia7 'T'"^'''' '"'''' ^•^'""'^ °f ^^''- ('^^ Varies 3. Explain the following sentences and phrases and eive ^ZS'^Trf ir^T^^ ^'^ TheLerint^ «^ iiisfin bed. (2) I his fact has been turned to account Ci) The Hpnngs aisc,,an,c about two hundred thon^u IgalLns ^f soon uTuZ7u T^ '" '^'' '"""^^'"« ^^^"^«"^^-' " I^ «>«"« «'> Tor rpi^r in^iK^"- "■^•••"' '''' >'"" '^''' -^ -^ -• T). Analyze (he a')ove sentence. 6 MVrjte down all the wonis yon know which a.,. In any way neai,nse,' tnni,- hiol!o, umjor which, as the slorygocs, ships Bailed into the harbor of Kiiodes. was cnJIed tlie ColoKHUs of lUioile.n. Oonglom'erate, eomethiiijj mjuh? up of many other things. From Lat. con, together, and f/lomew, r roll as a ball. Ooniaeo'tions. blndinir ({ea. Fron> I Ait. cov,, together, and necto, I fasten. Oontrib'utes, pays or gives as frih- Hip. From l^t. fribm, I giv» Hence also, trilmte, tnhutnnt. fliatrilnife, etc. " Conveyance, carriage. From 0, Fr. mneekr, to carry ; l,«t. con, together, and re/tlfre, to carry. Cognate, nfiirle. Ou'pola, a cup-shaped van it ot dome. An Italian diniinutivo of the Uiw Ijit. cnjia (Fr, coupi), a cup. Es'fci mate, Judge, gueBB of. From ( i i II GREAT CITIES,- LONDON. 173 Irresisfc'ible, not to be wlthatoml. 1 Froiii Lat. in, not, re, against, I and siato, 1 Btand. (In, be- comes ir before ;•, H before ', as in illilemte; ami im be- fore;;, as in impenetrable.) Mart, a contracted form of the word ntariet. Ra'diate, Bpread out in all direc- tions, like rays. radiutt, a ray. From Lat. Tel'egraph, from dr. tHe, at a distance, and grapho, 1 write. ('ognate.«5, photoijmph (some- thing written with light) ; ,ul- yjraphy (beautiful writing); autograph (something written by one's self). 1. London is the hi,-gest city in the world. That is to say, It contains more people than any other city. Just as we estimate tlie importance of a river, not by its^ lengtii, nor hy its breadth, but by the amount of water it contributes to the ocean, so we estimate the size of a city by the number of people it contains. Paris builds 18 houses higher into the air than London ; but London stretclies over a very much hirger extent of ground. London has nearly four millions of inhabitants! Paris has only two millions. ,. London is the capital of Jingland ; but it is, indeed, also the capital of the world - that is, of the world of commerce. It has commercial connections with every country, and with every impor- tant town on the face of the globe. It sends out sailing- ships and steamers to nearly all the countries of the world : and from it, as a centre, railway lines and tele- graph wires radiate in every direction. 3. London is, m fact, not so much a city as a lar^^e province covered with houses. Its houses and streets ove,-flow into four counties. The largest part of it stands .1 Middlesex; the next largest in Surrey; a large part 8 retches into Kent, and another into Essex. It is about sixteen miles long, and more than twelve broad it contains eight thousand miles of street ; and there are "lany streets entirely unknown to grown-up men and women who have lived nil tiw.;.. n^es i„ this wilderness Wl, • li m 1 ^l f1 ■*. 1:4 VUl y T .ur inmates a birth takes place in "'. 174 FIFTH HEAIJER. London, and every six minutes a death. TIm.s there are about three hundred and sixty ehildren horn into the metropolis every twenty-four hours; and about two hundred and forty persons die every twenty-four hours. \^^\t thirty-seven per cent, of its population are born in the country ; stnd it contains more country-born persons than the counties of Devon and Gloucester put together. A town m large as ii^dinburgh is built every year .•mm! adiled to the maze and crowded i)opulation of London ; and Edinburgh is a city of two hundred thousand souls. About thirty miles of new streets are opened everv year. In fact, London is not one town, but a vast conglomerate of cities, towns, and villages, — all swal- lowed u]) by the yearly overgrowth of this coloss;^i hive of human beings. 5. London was a flourishing little British town before the llomans came over here in the year 55 b. c. ; it continued to grow from that time to the present, witli hardly a cheek to its prosi)erity. In the fourteenth century, the time of the poet Chaucer, it was a j.ros- perous city, — "small anola, like a foolscap crown On a fool's head ; — and this is London town." 13. But a poi't with a truer eye and a more feeling heart, — the poet Wordsworth, standing on Westminster Bridge in early morning in summer, when the level sun lighted up the houses, and the air was clear ind free from smoke — thus described the scene that met his eye : — *' Earth has not anytliing to sliow more fair: Dull wouM he be of soul who could pass by A sight so touching in its niajesty. The city now doth like a garland wear The beauty of tlie morning; silent, bare, Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples He Open unr. v fields and to the sky, All brig* 1 5 glittering in the smokeless air." 14. Every la.:; ^d crowded city abounds in contrasts of various kinds , out London is emphatit ally the city of contrasts. Trees and brick ; portions of the country clasped within the town, parts of the town running out into the country; wide streets, open parks, and the narrowest and foulest lanes ; palaces and hovels ; splen- dor and squalor ; rich and poor ; virtuous and criminal ; learned and ignorant ; thoughtful consideration and the most wicked recklessness ; hideousness and beauty ; — • all these contrasts may be perceived by the open-eyed CONSOLATION IN EXIlE. 179 2. Hewrito these ,urag.a..I,s from your own sunnnar 3. Kxplain the Mlowlng .nfmmes and phrases, „ „ive a rLiaetrni r " '^'l''"''''"'' ^« ^''^' "<^e«n. (2) Hallway lines £ itZlf "T?.- ^'^ Conglomerate. (4) A co/o.,«/ 4 p!t ^^ ;.'"''''" '' emphatically the city of contrast,, rklTi ...''"'■''' '" "'" f"""^l"g sentence: It is the 5 Anil Tm'"! f ' ?'' '"""'"^'"" •' ^'>« '^'•'^-^ o' I^o^Jon. o. Anal /,e the following sentence: ' l9 all the coungel tlmt we two Imvo sharP.J Thw Bisters' vows, tho l„.iir8 timl wo hav. When we have chi.l th« ha»ty-foot«, is u nil forgot?" t. vL!^u^ *'. "''''"^ •'^'•ivatives as you can fro.n the following English words: so,,, long, niyh, year, 'jrow, ship, lay. ^ la in wnrf. '"'? '«f '^^^'ves as you can from the following La. n words: porto, I carry (combine with in, sub, re, ex)- tendo 1 stretch (combine with ad, in, ex, pre ; md veho I carry (combine with con and in). ' ' ^ ' ' »"" '^"o. A 8. Make three sentences, each containing a separate one of the phrases: ali.jH at: allyht from ; and 4^^ T W. Write, in columns, with the meanings, words of the same sound, but having a en. From Lat. inter, between, and capio (capf-iim), I take. Cognates, reception, receptive. Mar'tial, warlike, or relating to war. From Mars, the Roman god of war. Men'ace, threat. Mu'tual. of each other. From l.at. 7nutuus, in turn, recip- rocal. Ran'somed, brought back, BYom Fr. ran^on, a shortened form of Lat. redemptio, a buying back, Hence ransom and ix'- (templiou are the same word in different forms. Recogni'tion, here, knowledge. From Lat. re, again, and cog nosco (cotjnit-um), I know. (The French form of the word is recof 'Mitre.) Cognates, recogniz^, recognizance; cog- nizable, cognition, cognizant, cognizance. Redoubt', a work which forms part of a large fortification, — generally retired, for the pur- pose of attordii 'I the garrison a means of retreat. Redress', amends, or something to make up for. Remorse', repentance accom- panied with deep sorrow. From Lat. re, again, and morde.o (mors-um), I bite, (In O, E. it was called ngenbite.) Retalia'tion, revenge. From Lat, retnlto {reta/iat-nm), I do like for like. Sen'timent, feeling. From Lat sent ire, to feel. Cognates, sentient, sentimental. Tu'mult, violent agitation and confusion of spirits. From Lat. tumultus, confusion. Cog- nates, tumultuous, tninultn ary. 1. A young officer had so far forgotten himself, in a moment of irritation, as to strike a j)rivate soldier who was full of personal dignity (as sometimes happens in all ranks), and distinguished for bis courage. The inexorable laws of military disciplin(; forbade to the injured soldier any practical redress. He could look for no retaliation by acts. 2. Words only were at his command ; and, in a txmiult of indignation, as he turned away, the soldier said to his officer that he would " make him repent it." 182 FIFTH READER, This, wearing the shape of a menace, naturally re- kindled tlie officer's anger, and intercepted any dis- position wliich might be rising witliin liim towards a sentiment of remorse; and tlius the irritation between the two young men grew hotter than before. 3. Some weeks after tiiis a partial action took place with the enemy. Suppose yourself a sp'-ctator, and looking down into a valley occupied by two armies. They are facing each other, you see, in martial array. But it is no more than a skirmish which is going on ; in the course of which, liowever, an occasion suddenly arises for a desperate service. 4. A redoubt, which has fallen into tl'ie enemy's hands, must be recaptured at any price, and under circumstances ot all but hopeless difficulty. A strong i)arty has volunteered for the service; there is a cry for somebody to head them; you sec a soldier stej) out from the ranks to assume this dangerous leader- ship ; the party moves rapidly forward ; in a few minutes it is swallowed up from your eyes in clouds of smoke. 5. ¥oY one half-hour from behind these clouds you receive hieroglyphic reports of bloody strife, — fierce repeating signals, flashes from the guns, rolling musketry, and exulting hurrahs, advancing or reced^ng^ slackenirMr or redoublins:. At length all is over : the redoubt has be'^sn recovered ; that which was lost is found again ; the jewel which had been made captive is ransomed with blood. Crimsoned with blood the wreck of the conquering party is relieved, and at liberty to return. 6. From the river you see it ascending. The plume crested officer in command rushes forward, with his left hand raising his hat in homage to the blackened fragments of what was once a flag; whilst with his «rOf/ WILL REPENT ITr 183 tin sketiy, right hand he seizes that of the leader, though no more than a private from the ranks. 7. IViat perplexes you not : mystery you see none in that. For distinctions of order perish, ranks are con- founded, « high and low" are words without a meaning, and to wreck goes every notion or feeling that divides the noble from the noble, or the brave man from the brave. But wherefore is it that now, when suddenly they wheel into mutual recognition, suddenly they pause? 8. This soldier, this officer, — who are they? O reader! once before they had stood face to face: the soldier it is that was struck ; the officer it is that struck him. Once again they are meeting; and the gaze of armies i? upon them. If for a moment a doubt divides them, in a moment the doubt has perished. One glance exchanged between them publishes the forgiveness that is sealed forever. 9. As one who recovers a brother whom he had ac- counted dead, the officer s^.rang forward, threw his arms around the neck of the soldier, and kissed him, as if he were some martyr glorified by that shadow of death from which he was returning; whilst on his part the soldier, stepping back, and carrying his open hand through the motions of the military salute to a superior, makes this immortal answer, — that answer which shut up forever the memory of the indignity offered to him, even whilst for the last time alluding to it: "Sir," he said, "^I told you before that I would make you repent tt ! jy^ Qumceij (1786-1859), Exercises. — 1. Write a Summary of the above story. 2. Write a short paper on " A Noblo Revenge," from your own summary. 3. Rewrite in your own words tlie following sentences and ^ .,j ,.,,,- „^.j^ ^.^^ xatLc; iiiciuuc Liic seniences in wuieh tiiey 184 FIFTH READER. occur: (1) A moment of irritation. (2) The Inexorable laws of military discipline forbade redress. (3) No retaliation. (4) Wear- ing the shape of a menace. (5) A redoubt must be recaptured at any price. (6) Hietoglyphic reports of bloody strife. (7) Dis- tinctions of order perish. (8) They wheel into mutual recogni- tion. (9) The memory of the indignity. (10) Alluding to it. 4. Parse the words in the following sentence: One glance exchanged between them publishes the forgiveness that is sealed forever. 6. Analyze the following sentence: — *' I dreamed that, as I wandered by the way, Bare winter was changed suddenly to spring, And gentle odors led my steps astray. Mixed with the sound of waters murmuring." 6. Write down in columns as many words as you know de- rived from the following English words: no, far, bid, word, one, wear, rise, man, hot, fore, fall, all. 7. Give as many derivatives as you know from the following Latin words: oro, I beg (root or, stem oral); miles, a soldier (root milit); specto, I behold (root sped, stem spectat); sto, I stand (root std, stem stdt), compound with circiim, con. 8. ^Vith each of the following words and phrases write a sen- tence illustrating its proper use: scene and seen; seam and seem ; some and sum. To give place to ; to take the place of ; to serve as a substitute. 1 185 le law6 of (4) Wear- scaptured . (7)Dis- 1 recogni- ig to it. le glance b is sealed know de- d, word, following a soldier tat); sto, con. ite a sen- earn and place of: GREAT CITIES ROME. A'queducts, artificial passages for conveying Mater. From Lat. aqua, water, and duco (duct-urn), I lead. Cognates, duct, ductile, viaduct. Are'na, the space strewed with sand for combatants. From Lat. arena, sand. Cat'acombs, underground caves used as burial-places. From Gr. Lata, down, and h-ymbe, a hollov. Colonnades', covered walks sup- ported by columns. From Lat. columna, a column. Commem'orate, keep in memory. From Lat. con, together, and memor, mindful. Cognates, memory, memorable, memorial, commemoration. Oon'flicta, combats or fights. From confligo (conjtictum), I dash together. Cognates, afflict, affliction. Cor'ridors, galleries or passage- ways. From It. corrldore, a runner; from Lat. cuiro, I run. Debris' (pronounced daybree), fragments. From Fr. britier, to break. Gliidia'tors, Roman athletes. Qon'dola.a long, narrow pleasure- lioat Uried in Venice. Mar'tyrs, witnesses to truth even with their lives. From Gr. martys, martyros, a witness. Cognate, martyrdeven Hills on which the city now stands. At its highest pitch of prosperity, in the time of the Emperor Vespasian,! the population was as large as that of Pai-is ■ 18 now, — reaching the extent of two millions of souls Of these more than one third were slaves. It was a city abounding in splendid temples to the heathen gods, in vast palaces, in monuments of every kind, — in af' fectionate commemoration of the dead, and to tell of glorious victories over distant nations ; all around the city were public gardens and parks, full of beautiful groups of trees, elegant public buildings, and fine statuary. It contained more than seventeen thousand palaces, above thirteen thousand fountains, nearly four thousand bronze statues of emperors and generals twenty-two equestrian statues, neariy ten thousand baths, and more than thirty theatres. 3. The largest building in Rome was the Colosseum, a vast oval, nTore than a third of a mile in circuit, and one Irundred and ntty-seven feet high. "Arches on arches! as it were that Rome, Collecting the chief trophies of her line, Would build up all her triumphs in one' dome." It was built for the purpose of exhibiting conflicts of Koman gladiators with each other, or with wild beasts ft enclosed an area of five acres ; and, sloping gradually up from the arena, were tiers upon tiers of seats, capable of contaming more than eighty thousand spectators. Hi GEE A T CITIES. — HOME. 187 4. At the first exhibition in the Colosseum, it is related that five thousand animals were slaughtered in the arena. When Hadrian ^ gave an entertainment there in honor of his birthday, a thousand animals — including a hundred lions and a hundred lionesses — were slain in combat. The gladiatorial conflicts between man and man, and between men and beasts, went on RUINS OK THE COLOSSEUM. till the year 403, when a monk from the East, named Telemachus, happening to be present at one, was so horrified, that he rushed into the midst of the arena and besought the spectators to put an end to them. He was stoned to death; but such exhibitions were r-ever afterwards presented to the people. .(Mo t.iivjwnej^r,-3 Till tiiu ueuoider WilU '4 188 FIFTH READER. If •ill i nuxture of a<]miration, awe, and terror; but what would our teehng.s l,e if we c.uld view this vast crowd of eighty thousand eager faces staring down into the arena, and followuig the varying fortunes of two men fight! .ng for their lives,, -following them with an unceasing storm of ye Is an«: shouts and roars, while such a whirl of strife and blood and dust arose as no modern mind can even nnagine ? Wild beasts were often introduced • and martyrs and other offenders against Jioman law were thrown to them, to gratify the cruel lust for blood which had grown up amongst the Romans. «. l^ut now the Colosseum is a scene of the deepest I>eace. Hk^ vast building goes on crumbling year bv year; Its walls and arches are overgrown with grass and wild-flowers; its corridors are open to the sky; young trc^>s spring up on the parapets; a cross stands in the middle of the arena; birds build their nests under the seats ; and, if one thinks of its past in contrast with its present state, it forms the most impressive, the most solemn, the most pathetic, the most mournful sight that the human mind can conceive. 7. During the Middle Ages Rome dwindled in size and population to a very gi-eat extent. It sank to the size of a fifth-rate English town. When the Poix's forsook It, in the fourteenth century, and removed to Avignon,8 m the south of France, the i)opulation fell to seventeen thousand. Even now it is not so large a (Mty as Naples, though it is a thousand times more interesting. Tn fact, the greatness of Rome is to be looked for 111 the past, not in the present. If we com pare Rome as it is with Rome as it was under the Umperors, it is rather a tomb than a city. The ruins are more important than the modern buildinos- its history, than its present life. ' GREAT CITIES.-^ ROME. 189 «. Modern Home is enclosed by a wall twelve miles in circumference, which is pierced with sixteen gates. «ut not more than a third of this vast space is inhabited ; the rest lies desert, or is filled with market gardens, vineyards, and public walks. The principal street, which is called the Corso, is about a mile in length. Most of the other streets are winding, narrow dirty and unpaved,-" indescribably ugly, cold, and alley-hke. Miserable tumble-.lown huts stand close beside, or lean against, the walls of the finest palaces; and the dirt and squalor, the ruins and the de-bris, tho mouldering remains of bygone grandeur, render many parts peculiarly sad and desolate. 9. And yet there is no part of Rome that does not possess a special interest of Its own. Churches, palaces, convents, libraries, colonnades, theatres, fountains, statues, and all kinds of public buildings, meet the eye at every turn. There IS no monotony, no distressing sameness, no tiresome uniformity. Almost every building is different in style and form from every other. 10. There are more than three hundred churches in Rome, m^ny of them of ^ great beauty, of striking architecture, rich in pamtmgs, statuary, fine carvings, and beautiful stained glass.^ Here and there the eye falls upon the enormous mansions of the Roman nobility. A wonderful bright- ness and cheerfulness are given to many of the streeta by fountains, which send up their silvery columns into the blue sun-, e.ped air. The two largest buUdings in Rome are the Vatican ' and St. Peter's. 11. The Vatican --which is the winter residence of the Pope — is proba- bly the largest ? ouse in the world. It contains eleven thousand rooms, many of which are halls and galleries, and eight grand staircases; within the building itself are tweiity courts and numerous gardens, with trees, m 41? 11 ill ino FIPTII liEADEH. a: u a o M f-i < c/2^/1 r c/r//r.s\ - home. igj flowers, and fountains. It contains the ricluvst eollec t!on of works of art, both ancient and modern, in the world, and possesses a library of more tbar. a h.mdrcd thousand volumes, and nearly twenty-flvc thousan.l nianusenpts ,n almost all the lan,.ua.,rcs of the globe. 12. bt. 1 eter h is the largest church in the world. The dome was designed by the great painter an'"^g atones foi the building of the ancient city. The soitth side ot l^aris stands upon numerous catacombs of the same nature. The catacombs of Rome are fifty in number. 1 hey were the refuge and abode of thousands of the early Christians, who were compelled by persecution to disappear from the sunlight and the upper air, and to spend their lives in dark caves and galleries of stone. 14. Ancient Rome was well supplied with water. Nine splendid aqueducts brought clear crystal water from the neighboring mountains and hills ; but of these there are now only three in use. The anci.nt Romans were m their time the greatest road-makers in the world • of .-.« ;^vx-.iij^i^ luttuc, or ramer »lrongly built roads, the 192 PiFTH READER. F/yi mv- 1.1 best example is the Appian Way; « it is constructed of square blocks of stone, and is still in use. 15. When the new kingdom of Italy was established, m 1859, Florence was selected as the capital Florence the Fair, or, as the Italians call it, Firenze la Bella, stands on the Arno, about fifty miles from the coast, surrounded by beautiful hills. Its church of the Holy Cross is the Westminster Abbey of Italy, — within its walls lie the bones of Dante,' Michael Angelo, Galileo,* and other great men. But since 1870 the seat of th'e capital has been removed to Rome. le. Another of the great cities of Italy is Venice, one of the most curious and remarkable towns in the world. It may be said to stand in the sea; its streets are canals; its cabs are gondolas ; and there is an eternal silence over the city. " The sea is in the broad, the narrow streets, Ebbing and flowing; and the salt sea- weed Clings to the marble of her palaces. No track of men, no footsteps to and fro, Lead to her gates. The path lies o'er the sea, Invincible; and from the land we went As to a floating city, — steering in. And gliding up her streets as in a dream." 17. Venice was once the capital of a proud and power- ful republic, the Queen of the Adriatic,^ which held Cyprus 10 and the Morea " in her hands. The president was called i)o//e, or Duke; and, in a splendid and glittering ceremony, he « married the Adriatic " once a year. The first Doge was created in 697 ; he was followed by seventy-nine successors, the last of whom disappeared in 1788. 18. Rome was once the centre of the known world ; the most powerful military state — in comparison with p„._. wiitTic vi 4ici huixii — i/Uciii evci iiie worlu saw* GREAT CITIES. — ROME. 193 and all known nations paid tribute to her. That was Ihc time when all power was based upon arms and mili- tary skill, and when the Mediterranean was believed to be the only great sea in the world, and to stand in the centre of the earth. Now, however, power is wielded by commeree ; an NOTES. 1. Vespasian, a Roman Emperor from 69 to 79 a d He built tlie Colosseum, and was the father of Titus, who took Jerusalem, 70 a. n, 2. Hadrian, or Adrian, a Roman Emperor from 117 to 138 In 121 he built tlie wall wliich extends from the Tyne to the Solway Firtli. 3. Avignon, a beautiful city in the south of France, on the left banit of tlie Rhone. It belonged to the Papal States till 1791 It was the residence of the Poiies from 1309 to 1394. 4. Vatican, begun by Pope Eugeuius 111. in 1146. Gregory XL fixed his permanent residence there in 1376. 5. Michael AngreloBuonarotti (1474-li563), commonly calle.t simply Michael Anyclo, a great Italian sculptor, painter, and architect. His remains were buried in the church of Santa Croce (Holy Cross), in Florence. 6. Appian Way, the most important road leading out of the city of Rome. It ran from Rome to Capua and Brundusium {Brmdisi), and was constructed of large blocks of stone. It Wi. . built by Appius Claudius, 312 b. c. 7. Dante Aliifhleri, commonly called Dante (1265-1321), was the greatest of Italian poets. His chief work was La DMna Commedia, which consists of three parts, — the Inferno, Puraa- torio, and Paradiso. 8. Galileo Galilei, a great Italian astronomer, born in 1564 t>*e same year with Shakespeare; died in 1642, twenty-six years' m m^M: 194 FIFTH READER. XoZf et , «' of " ,r,;,:' '"r ,'"« ™"' ""'-^^ '» *« me Po, but ,s now fourteen miles inland. This chan e Ts dnp J Mi± H "'" ^" ''" P"^^^^^^^" ^' C^'^-t Britain IJ. Morea, the peninsula constituting the southern mrf nf (.reece, and connected with the northen, part ^^1^1 thmus of Corinth. H was formerly called reloponnesus ExEiiCiSES. - 1. Write a SuMMA.n' of sections 8 to 12. sumnly ' ""'''' '" " ^'°''" ""''"^^ " '^""^ ^^^^ ^^^^ .•3. Explain the following sentences and phrases and sxvp vZ^ ^-; "-^^^I'-e;^ words: (I, .U it's higlit^lh''^ prospcnty 2) Proconsuls. (3) In affectionate commemora- Uon. (4) Collecting the chief trophies of her line. (5 HadrTan gave an eutertaUuneni in honor of his birthday. (6 k^low '" the mnnm, fortunes of two men %htingfor their Ives 77Tb: mo^patkeiic sight that the humaT. mi^d can ^n^e ml wal p.erced with sixteen gates. ,9, .S,.a/o " c ' D^it 1 IluM-e IS no monotony. (12) The internal decomtVon ' iU) Subterranean galleries. (14) Its cabs are gondoks no) Power ,s now xolelded by commerce. (16) Rome is straiX upon the deserted shores of ancient times. 4. Parse the words in the following sentence- That W5,« th« time When all power was based uponlrms and mihtary sk 11 5. Analyze the following sentence: - "Most sweet it is with unuplifted eyes To pace the ground, if path there be or none While a fair region round the traveller lies ' Which he forbears again to look upon." 6. Give as many words as you know that are derived from ZlTlwT''"'" «f' t,^^fo»owing English words: ^.e, land, '^all, hill, town, sea, clip,^ sweep,^ all, follow, heal. ' <^fc«fc, etc. 2 Svmp, etc. 195 POLITICAL POWER. (Felix Holt's election speech to the workingmen of Treby Magna, about the time of the lieforin Bill of 18;i2.) Cari'didate. In old Roman timeB those seeking office put on white robes. (Lat. candklatus, white-robed.) Cant, insincere talk. From Lat. canto, I sing. Cognates, canio, canticle, incantation (through Fr. chant, enchant). Corrup'tion, bribery. From Lat. corrumpo (cornijjt-um), I break down, corrupt. Cognates, corrupt, disj-iipt, etc. Cran'ny, a secret corner or chink. From BY. cran, a notch or in- dentation. Deflle', make foul. From O. E. fylan, to pollute. Cognates, foul, filth. Id'iot, a person without sense. From Gr. ididtes, a private person who took no share in the government of the state, and was hence looked down upon. Cognates, idiotic, idiocy; idiom (a phrase peculiar or private to a country). Major'ity, the larger number. From Lat. major, larger. Cog. nate.s, major (through Fr.), riayor, mayoralty, ^The oppo site is minority.) Par'liamenta, meetings of na- tional representatives to dis- cuss national business. From Fr. purler, to speak. Cognates, parliamentary, parley, par- lance, parlor, ^ Pil'fer, steal. A strengthened form of pill, to strip bare. From Lat. pilare, to plunder or take away the hair ; from pilus, a hair. Cognates, pilferer, pil- lage , pile (the nap on cloth). Political power, power in the affairs of a country. Gr, pdlis, a city, and politeia, the mode of governing a state or city. Cognates, politics, police, etc. Vot'ing, giving formally and officially an opinion ; here ex- pressed in the choosing of a representative in parliament. 1. " In ray opinion, that was a true word spoken by your friend when he said the great question was how to give every man a man's share in life. But I think he expects voting to do more towards it than I do. I want the workingmen to have power. I 'm a workingman myself, and I don't want to be anything else. But there are two sorts of power. There 's a power to do mischief, — to undo what has been done with great exnense and labor, to waste and destroy, to be cruel to the weak, to "i '■ 196 FIFTH READER. he and quarrel, and to talk poisonous nonsense. 2. That 's the sort of power that ignorant numbers have. It never made a joint-stool or planted a potato. Do you think It s likely to do much towards governing a great coun- try, and making wise laws, and giving shelter, food, and clothes to millions of men ? Ignorant power comes in tlie end to the same thin- as wicked power ; it niukes misery. 3. It 's another sort of i,ower that I want us workingmen to have, and I can see plainly enough that our an having votes will do little towards it at present I hope we, or the children that come after us, will get 1' enty of political power some time. I tell everybodv plamly, I hbpe there will be great changes, and that some time, whether we live to see it or not, men will have come to be ashamed of things they 're proud of now 4. But I should like to convince you that votes would never give you political power worth having while things are as they are now ; and that if you go the rio-ht way to work you may get j^ower sooner without vo^es i erhaps all you who hear me are sober men, who try to learn as much of the nature of things as you can and to be as little like fools as possible. A fool or Idiot is one who expects things to happen that never can happen; he pours milk into a can without a bottom, and expects the milk to stay there. The more of such vain expectafons a man has, the more he is of a fool or idiot. 5. And if any working-man expects a vote to do for liim what it never can do, he 's toolish to that amount, if no more. "The way to get rid of folly is to get rid of vain expectations, and of thoughts that don't agree with the nature of things. The men who have had true thou^v-hts about water, and what it will do when it is turned into steam, and under all sm-fH r^f /.iV/.,,rv.o+„,,^^^ i. 1 POLITICAL POWER. 197 themselves a great power in the world : they are turning the wheels of engines thi t will help to change most things. 6. But no engines would have done, if there had been false notions about the way water would act iVow all the schemes about voting, and districts, and annual Parliaments, and the rest, are engines, and tiie water or steam - the force that is to work them - must come out of human nature, — out of men's passions. engines will do , feelings, desires. 7. Whether the .„^., ,,,,, ,,„ good work or bad depends on these fedings; and it we have false expectations about men's characters, we are very much like tlie i.liot who thinks he'll carry milk m a can without a bottom. In my opinion, the notions about what mere voting will do are very much of that sort." " That 's very fine," said a man in dirty fustian, with a scornful laugh. " But how are we to get the power without votes?" ^ 8. "I'll tell you what's the greatest power under heaven said Felix, "and that is public opinion, -the ruling belief m society about what is right and what is wrong, what is honorable and what is shameful. That's ihe steam that is to work the engines. How can politi- cal freedom make us better, any more than a relio-ion we don t believe in, if people laugh and wink when ihey see men abuse and defile it ? 0. And while public opin- ion IS what It IS, while men have no better beliefs about pub he do.ty, while corruption is not felt to be a disgrace, while men are not ashamed in Parliament and out of It to make public questions which concern the welfare of millions a mere screen for their own petty private ends, I say, no fresh scheme of voting will much mend our condition. For tnt^j .ia »r.,..i,: _i« 1. Q ■ — ■ " T,^/iivi.i-iuuii 01 an sons. buppose out of every hundred w'io had a vote there mm tM ) ^. *! 198 FIFTH READER, were tliijty who had some soberness, some sense to choose wilh, some good feeling to make them wish the right thing for all., lo. And suppose there were seventy out of the hundred who were, half of them, not sober, who had no sense to choose one thing in politics more than anotlier, and who had so little; good feeling in them that they wasted on their own drinking the money that should have helped to feed and clothe their wive's and children ; and another half of them who, if they didn't drink, were too ignorant or mean or stupid to see any good for themselves better than pocketing a five-shil lino- piece when jt was offered them. Where w^ould be the political power of the thirty sober men? The power would li<; with the seventy drunken and stupid votes; and I 'II tell you what sort of men would get the power,' — what sort of men would end by returnino- whom thev pleased to Parliament. 11. " They would be men who would undertake to do the business for a candidate, and return him ; men who have no real o].inions, but who pilfer the words of every opinion, and turn them into a cant which will serve their purpose at the moment ; men who look out for dirty work to make their fortunes by, because dirty woik wants little talent and no conscience ; men who know all the ins and outs of bribery, because there is not a cranny in iheir own souls where a bribe can't enter. Such men as these will be the masters wherever there's a majority of voters w^ho care more for money, more for drink, more for some mean little end which is their own and nobody's else, than for anything that has ever been called Right in the world." George. Eliot, " Felix Holt." Exercises. — 1, Make a short Summary of the above IvssOii. '.1 t POLITICAL POWER. 199 own 7:^1:^;!"''' '^'^ °" ^^^o-or^m. Politics," from youi 3. Explain the following sentences and phrases and irivp (2) Annual Parliaments. (3) We ought not to have false expectations about men's characters. (4) Public opinion j^ Men abuse and aeflle both politics and religion. 0) C I "^ ! wants little talent and no conscience. {11) Cranm, 112) \ majority of votei-s. \ ^t cranny. (IJI A 4. Parse the following sentence; A fool or idiot is one who expects things to happen that never can happen. 5. Anal yze the following sentence : — "Oinrlefutigable laborer In the paths of men! when thou shall die, 't will be A mark of thy surpassing industry, Tliat of the monument which men shall rear Over thy most inestimable bone. Thou didst thy very self lay the'ttrst stone • " makeother.' can, fool, man, turn, ,jooa, W.-coM /•„/>"'• .. O.ve as many derivatives as you know tan, the ollowino mnlat) , scio, I know, compound witli eon and ne ■ maior greater; mmor less; s(o, Island (rootsf,;, sten, .,M, ) con "^ d tence Hlustiat.ng its proper use: abstract, compact concert > TVow, i O M I H O 0. as has been said, the largest and most beautiful city on the continent. 4. Paris stands upon both banks of the Seine, two thirds of it ui)on the north or right bank, and one third upon the south or left bank of the river. It does not stand in the geographical centre of France; but, as Pans is the head and the brain of that great country, it is indeed its moral and intellectual cent re. Again, tlioiigli Paris is not in the geographical centre of France,1t stands at the head of all the land ways, of all the most fertile a 1 1 u- vial river valleys of France. All the natural roads of the c o u n t r y, which take their way through the centre of the great river- valleys, meet at Paris. PARIS AT HRAD OF THE f.AND WAYS OF FIlANfR. 5. Just as London stands at the centre of the great water ways of the world, and thus commands the com- merce of the world, so Paris stands at the centre of the groat land ways of France, the richest and most fertile country in Europe. It is about 250 miles from London ; 500 miles from the Mediterranean; 750 from Rome; 650 from Madrid; and 1300 from Constantinople. Railways ti 204 I'lFTII READER. unite it with all these townn (ex.ept the last) and Kuroi-. « P -^ • , ^ •'' "'"''"'"'^^ importance in *^uro,^. 6. Pans is the seat ,>f the ir(,v ernnient of Franco, th. piac where all the .unhassa.ht- s fron ^r i he country, the ho„.. of lau, Icarnin., a^l s< W It ha. seen the most terrible viclssitu.les it J^oZ he ml r ;T '"'""^ -l-iencesofVar, thrf^Th the most awful .cencs of bhnxl anaii!,, Out the present sys- tem of fortifications was begun in the year 1840 8. Despite the wars and sieges she has h ul to , i ■pn«:„ I "^^tra silt, ji.is nad to undero'o Pans has grown steu.lily i„ «,«, i„ bea„ty, an,l in p, -C lat.on Four centuries ag„_in the year 474 he ye when the first English ,rinted hook'was i.„.;iishe.r mr 1807;^!::,''?'' ■'P«P"'»'-" of only 150,C00 ; in the y..ar 1802 ,t had slowly grown to 670,000 ; but from the ■apidity, until now — in the year 1880 — Paris numbers about two millions of inhabitants. ,. The wlairand mdustry o the inhabitants have changed the whoCt century Magnihcent streets of palaces, broad boule vards and avenues, buildings of wonieitd KZy, strikt the new-comer witi, amazement as b. er-t... lis mo! ™ Babylon^ ,o. Broad boulevards ana avenues, lined wih trees, and commanded by lofty houses builto fine white ORKAT r, TIES. -PA HIS. 205 w th balconi, „rnHm««tc.l b, .i„ot ironwork un.I HiL r „l . ™''"'r '•'"'•"' - "'" •"■• "■»- r,.„„d 1, ' the heart „l Paris, a,„l ,re cromled with .:arria«,.^ ,■ b smnslune .„ one unbroken current of ,ile;iwire-»,.t.kin^ r; :;;; :;r'"- . ''y' »"-"" ••"•" *« ■--^ "eautir i f 1 n "• '^'""[it. II. iiH' I'aMsaiftu which aro brilhant «bo|,s c.t ov,.ry kin.l, form a sp-.-ial fentuivh, tl , vane,l worl,] of V-,nn. There ar.. o,n!|,„nd™ a , I 1 of them, an,l thu, the I'arinlan an,l th<. fo d^^^^^^^^^^ w for nule. un.lor a eovcring of .,a.B in anfj th"' i .MS has b<.r squares too, with area,l™ round the sides with gardens in th„ ,uiddl„ of then,, _ wardens !^!"vwi^h flower, and green with trees, while of,en a b^l" , m.-b]e.fo„„tan, will send „p its colunu. of ,dUt" an 1 q „o an.l coolness by the gentle plash :, ,,1 perpe, ual all of Its waters, n. The magnificent q„avs whi h hi^e the nver for miles, are duetto the em .rpr ,e a „l rtcserted the Sen.e, and prefers the land-road o ' railways th^y are Imed, not by forests of masts, but -oddly enough -by rows of old-book stalls. Still they a ^ PK,nd,d promenades, and add to the finished ZyZ th« whole nver scene. The riyer itself i. er, .sed by X^TZl *'* ""' ^'''.^•^"' ''"^'ees, mo,stIy Jt of stone, but some consisting of wide sweeps f iron a. ches, as strong as they are graceful. The city c atlina floirfh^'f r """ p""^' s"^ -* ™an';..t;ed 4' mi- M'. \^n 206 FIFTH READER. 13. The whole city contains about seventy thousand houses ; but as these are much higher than most of the houses m London, and contain different families living in separate suites of rooms upon each story, the popula- tion IS much more dense than in London. The greatest improvements in the city have been made since the year l8o4, when Napoleon III. invited Baron Hausmann to Pans, and ordered him to set to work. Hausmann quickly cleared out the dark and narrow streets pulled down the picturesque but pestilent old houses! drove splendid boulevards and streets through the crowded rookeries, and let in light and air upon^ll the old parts of Paris. 14. The Museums, under which head the French in- elude galleries of painting and sculpture, form a remark- able feature of this remarkable city. Museums of an- tiquities, of natural history, of war, of geography, of art, ot science, — all are open free of expense to the intellio-ent and inquiring vkhor. The l^ational Library of Paris has Itself near'y two million books, - ahnost double the number of the books in the Biitish Museum ; and it has scores of milei. of shelves. i5. Fine buildings meet the eye every where, - churches of every age and in every style, palaces, spacious markets, hospitals and colleges theatres and magnificent barracks. The International" Jixhibitions of Paris have always been famous for the scale upon which they have been organized, as well a8 for the results achieved, le. There are in Paris indus- tries of almost every kind. Jewelry, clock-making ; workmg in gold, silver, and iron ; furniture, chemicals, printmg, — all these" exercise the patient and cheerful ingenuity of the Parisian workman. Paris has also lon^ been noted for beautiful porcelain and rich carpets. 17. The first attempts at the embellishment of Paris GREAT CITIES.-PARIS. 207 Toul'T G^l'T""' "" ^°'™ ^^^•' <"^"'-i "'- over by a Vvo f . ^'^ '?''"^ "' '^"''"•' '' "^'^hed over oy a sky of clear, translucent blue, iintaintpd J>^ mist, untouched by cloud, and untinged b;"S ' inl™"-'- "^^^ ' ''™"^«^ "< P-S-Ph« 9 to ,2, Jmlrl"" " '""' "^""^ "" " °^''-^- !•-- " 'rom your own c<.«(ras( with London rsTl;; "/""«« "'her points of cenue of all the bf„™„g l i,.eh "'o", th:" ".'"'^'•, ''' ^"^ seen the most terrible .IcfeXfc m xr™""'"'''- '*' I""'^ palaces strike the new-comM riM, „ ' ' Magnificent streets of are due to the emer„r£Zi In^r^ZT""; '*" '^"^ "'^V merce has nearly d'eserted the sfne iTt"" \ "'■ ^""'■ rooms. (9) Pestilent old house, n'oi t I ■"""' '""^^ "' M^ght 2n! ""•'"' *' °"« ^'•««* J^'-d of fate Jwigbt smile upon another half as great." the- flowii; EngUsh wl^'^ "°'^' ^"'" '»'"' ««'■>-'«' with „,.,. ..„ _." ''■"Sl'sh words: name, stand,> toum, fire, glm>. 'Strong, high, up,^ meet,^ kin * IJ t^p. * Steady eto. '^«- ^Mate,^tc. *JR„rf,eto. m ~TfT>S\ ! 208 FIFTH READER. A FOREST SCENE. les, deep little hollows be- tween hills. (It is a by-form of an old word dimble, used in a like sense ; and both are only variations of dimple.) Pal'Irey, a lady's horse. From Low Lilt, puraveredus, a spare horse. Peered, peeped. From the Middle English piren, to look clo8«ly. 1. They came to where the brushwood ceased, and day Peered 'twixt the stems ; and the ground broke away A FOREST SCENE. 209 2, In a sloped sward down to a brawling brook And up as high as where they stood to look ' On the brook's farther side was clear; Imt then Ihe underwood and trees began again. This open glen was studded thick with thorns Then white with blossom; and you saw the horns Through the green fern, of the shy fallow-deer Which come at noon down to the water here. 3. You saw the bright-eyed squirrels dart along Under the thorns on the greensward ; and strong The blackbird whistled from the dingles near And the weird chij)ping or the woodi.ecker ' Kang lonelily an,l sharp; the sky was fair, And a fresh breath of s,>ring stiVred everywhere. 4. Merlin and Vivian stopped on tlie slope's brow lo gaze on the green sea <,f leaf and bough TV Inch glittering lay all round them, lone and mild, As if to Itself the (piiot forest smiled. 6- t pon the brow-top grew a thorn, and here The grass was dry and mossed, and you saw clear Across the hollow ; white anemones Starred the cool turf, and clumps of primroses Kan out from the dark underwood behind. A o fairer resting-place a man could find. Here let us halt," said Merhn then; and she Nodded and tied her ,>alfrey to a tree. Matthew Arnold. CAUTIONS AND niRECTIOXS FOK KEADIXO V KijSE .J. — Luie 4: Avoid tlie verse anrpnf. um... /;,. VER8K 4. -Line 2: Read on-the-green-seaJom^ova, '■;' .8 II ■H; ; N t Im 210 FIFTH READER, CHARACTER OP SIR WALTER SCOTT. Appur'tenanoes, belongings. From Lat. arf, to, and pertiiieo, I belong. Cognates, apper- tain, impertinent. Au'dible, to be heard. Prom La.. audio, I hear. Cognates, audi- tor, audience, inaudible. Dls'oipliae, training. From Lat. di9cipulu8, a scholar; from disco, I learn. Cognates, dis- ciple, disciplinarian, Exten'sion, a widening out. From Lat. ex, out of, and ten- do (tem-um), I stretch. Cog- nates, extend, extensive; ( ,ise (= stretched) ; intend. Por'titude, quiet coiirage or brav- ery. From Latin /or«a, strong CHARACTER OF SIR WALTER SCOTT. 211 Cognates, fort, far- ot brave. tresM. ^mperoep'tibly, without any one noticing it. From Lat.i«, not, andi?em>io, I perceive. Cog- nates, perception, perceptible; (^^rough Fr.) j}erceive. fnoarnat'ed, clothed in flesh. Prom Lat. caro (cam-is), flesli. Cognates, carnation (a flesh- colored flower); camivormts ; incarnation. Indefatigable, not to be wearied out. From Lat. in, not, and defattfio, I tire out. Cognate fctigue (through Fr. The end- ing we is of Fr. origin). In'teroourse, coming together. From I^t. inter, between, And cnrro (curs-um), 1 run Cognates, current, curscrry; (through Fr.) cmrse. Mod'elled, moulded or fashioned From Fr. modele, a model ; from Lat. modnim, a diminu- tive of modus, a measure. Cognates, mode, moderate moderation. ' Bepos'itories, places in which things are kept. From Lat. re, back, and pnno (posit-um), l place. Cognates, repose,- de- pose, deposit, depositor!/. Soru'pulous, very careful. From Lat. scrupnlus, a small sharp stone, which, getting into the shoe, would make a person move carefully. Tes'tament, will. From Lat. testis, a witness. Cognates. testator, testa f, -iv ; festiri/, tes- thnonij. Tex'ture, woven fibre. From Lat, texo (textum), I weave. Cognates, text, textile. Tincture, that which tinges From Lat. tingo {tinctum), t stain. Cognate, tinge. See page 200. l«qo'^J^''"w f "PS'* ^"^ ^- ^- «" th« 2ist of September 1832, Sir Walter Scott breathed his Imf in ,,'' P'*^""*"^'' of an his children. It .a. XutIS' ^ Trr was distinct y audible as wp tr,nif if I'^^*^'e8— hi. eldest soa'kisserand riosed isTyr' No '''', ?" ac ter whi k we havT;h """"'"' *■"" "° •"""- "'>- equal' mini::, :;:^,3S^^^^^ texture. The <^and VJJ ,7 ■ """^ "P '» '*« an others, wLCe/r:!!!/?'"."."?' '"« "asis oi than in him; and it wn«;,r"-'r' '" '"*"'^'' Perfection ni , and ,t was, as perhaps tree conrage always f ill 212 PlFTH READER. I i^; is, combined with an equally admirable spirit of kini ness and humanity. His pride, if we must call it so, undebased by the least tincture of mere vanity, was intertwmed with a most exquisite charity, and was not inconsistent with true humility. 3. If ever the principle of kindliness was incarnated in a mere man, it was in him ; and real kindliness can never be but modest. In the social relations of life, where men are most effectu- ally tried, no spot can be detected in him. He was a patient, dutiful, reverent son; a generous, compassionate, tender husband; an honest, careful, and most affection- ate lather. Never was a more virtuous or a happier fire- side than his. The influence of his mighty genius shadowed It imperceptibly ; his calm good sense, and his angehc sweetness of heart and temper, regulated and softened a strict but paternal discipline. 4. His children as they grew up, understood by degrees the high privi' i^ge of their birth ; but the profoundest sense of his greatness never disturbed their confidence in his good- ness. The buoyant play of his spirits made him sit youno- among the young; parent and son seemed to live in brotherhood together; and the chivalry of his imagina- tion threw a certain air of courteous gallantry into his relations with his daughters, which gave a very peculiar grace to the fondness of their intercourse. 5 Perhaps the most touching evidence of the lasting tenderness of his early domestic feelings was exhibited to his executors, when they opened his repositories in search of his testament, the evening after his buriab On lifting up his desk, we found arranged in careful order a series of little objects, which had obviously been so placed there that his eye might rest on them every morning before he began his tasks. These were the .„,„ ^.^^j, ^^.^^ ^.^.. ganiijji^e^ i^jg mother's CHARACTER OF SIR WALTER SCOTT. 218 toilet wl,e„ he, a sickly child, slej.t in her dressing-room ■ .he SI ver taper-stand which the young advocate hac. bought tor her with his first five-guin«, fee; a row of small packets inscribed will, her han.l, and containin.. the ha,r of those ot her offspring that had died before her" h,s father ss„uff-l,„.x and ,,e„oil-case ; and n.ore thi„.^' ot the like sort, recalling the " old familiar faces." c The «ame feeling was apparent in all the arrangenients of hi, !'.-ivate a,,artment. Pictures of his father and mother we.;e 1.C only ones in his dressing-roon,. The clumsy anti,|uc eabmets that slo,„l there -things of a very dif- creno c ass from the beautiful and ..ostly prodnc.iiis in he pHble rooms below -had all belonged to the furui- ».-e ot George's Square. Eve s father's rickety wa - i.J,'-s.,-.nd, with all its cramped appurtenances, though exceedingly unlike what a man of his very s,. -upulous babits would have selecte these days, ke.ft its g!:,:.;" .. huch a son and parent could hai.lly fail in .-my of U.e other social relations. No man was ,a tinner or inoi. m, le atigable fnend. f know not that he ever lost one; and afew with whom, during the energetic middle sta., of life, from political difterenccs or other .•uci,lent!al c-rcumstances, he lived less familiailv, had all gathered round lim, and renewed the full warmth of eaWy affec t.on in his later days. There was enough to ,lignify the connecuon in their eyes; but nothing to chill i: ^u either It 1 t" '"'"Smation that so completely mastered oim udien he chose to give her the rein, was kept under most determined control when any of the positive obli- gations of active life came into question. A hhdi an " pure sense of duty presided over whatever ho had to do as a citizen and a magistrate ; and as a landlord he considered his estate as an e.Kteiision of his hearth Lockhart (1794-1854). i 'ut to sec«:»'e a landing at all, the Spaniards had to be masters of the Channel ; and in the Channel lay an Enghsh fleet, resolved to struggle hard for tlie mastery. 4. As the Armada sailed on in a broad crescent past Plymouth, moving toward its point of junction with Parma at Dunkirk, the vessels which had gathered under Lord Howard of Effingham slip])ed out of the bay, and hung with the wind upon their rear. In numbers the two forces were strangely unequal ; the English fleet counted only eighty vessels against the one hundred and thirty which composed the Armada. In size of ships the disproportion was even greater. 5. Fifty of the English vessels, mcludmg the squadron of Lord Howard and the craft of the volun- teers, were little bigger than yachts of the present day. THE SPANISH AJWADA. 217 Even of the thirty Queen's sliips which formed it „ My, there were only four which equalled in tonna. ., tlie smallest of the SpMuish galleons. Sixty-five of these galleons formed the most formidable half of the Spanish fleet ; and four galliasses, or gigantic galleys, armed with fifty gnm a,„oce, fifty-six armed merchantmen, an.l twenty pmnaces made up the rest. «• The Arnuula was ])r(>vided with two thousand five '•••ndred cannon, and a vast store of i,rovi8ions; it had on board eight thousand sca.nen and twentv thousand soldiers; and .t a court-favorite, the DukeVf Medina Sidoma had been placed at its head, he was supported l>y the ablest staff of naval officers which Spain possessed, hmail however, as the English ships were, they were "1 perfect trim; they sailed two feet for the Spaniards' one; they were manned with nine thousand hardy sea- '"f'b and their admiral was backed by a crowd of cap- ^•nswh<» had won fame in the Spanish seas. With hun was Hawkins," ul.o h.,d been the first to break into the charmed circle of the Indies; Frobisher,' the hero of the Northwest Passage; and above all Drake, who held command of the privateers. 7. They had won too the advantage of the wind ; and, closing in, or drawincr off as they would, the lightly-handled English vessels" ^vl.ich hred four shots to the Spaniard;' one, hunc. 'oldly on the rear of the great fleet as it moved alonf. the Channel. "The feathers of the Spaniard," in the -nraseot the English seamen, " were plucked one by one. Galleon after gnlk.on was sunk, boarded, driven on shore, and yet Medina Sidonia failed in brin-incr his j,ursuers to a close engagement. 8. Now haltlnc? now moving slouly on, the running fight between tlTe two fleets lasted throughout the week; till the Armada "~^'i ""-^01 ill Caiuis roads, ihe time had now 218 FIFTH READER. . & ^.1 come for sharper work if the junction of the Armada withlarmHwas to be prevented; for, demoralized as the {5paniardH had been hy the menrileas chase, their loss in Hhi],H had not been great, while the English Hupplies ot too a,,d ,,„,ck the bells all night rang ont from Bristol town. And ere tl,e day three hundred hor«e had met on <-/lirton down ; ^^ The sentinel on Whitehall gate'* looked forth into the night, And saw o'erhanging Kichmond Hill » the streak of blood-red light. '. Then bugle's note and cannon's roar the deathlike Silence broke, And with one start, and with one cry. the rnval Ht- woKe. ' ^ J pij il I 226 FIFTH READER. At once on all her stately gates arose the tires. At once the wild nl spires; From all the batteries of the T voice of fear answerincr inini clashed from all her reeliiijr ower ])ealed loud t( le And all the thousand masts of Tha louder chee mes sent back a r: the i-ush of And from the failhest wards was heard hurrying feet, And the broad streams of pikes and flags rushed d eacl own And broader still 1 I roarmg street the d As fast from )ccame the blaze, and louder still UK spurrmg in And eastward straiaht, f every village round the horse came G>"^» warlike ei-rand went rom wild Blackheath,^! the And roused in many squires of Kent ■ni ancient hall the gallant 8. Southward from Surrey's pleasant hills flew those bright couriers forth ; Higli on bleak Ilampstead's •^- swarthy moor they started for the north ; And on, and on, without a pause, mith-ed they bounded still, All night from towei- to tower they sprang, they sprang from hill to hill : Till the proud Peak^a mifurled the flag o'er Dai. win's 2* rocky dales, Till like volcanoes flared to heaven f he stormy hills of Wales : -.**i*5-,. ISO canio THE SPANISH ARMADA «,«, Till twelve fair counties saw the blaze on Malvern's >« lonely height, Till streamed in crimson on the win<] the Wrekin's^^ crest of light, Till broad and fierce the star came forth on Elv'^^" stately fane, A^.d tower and hamlet rose in arms o'er all the boundless plain ; Till Belvoir'f,» lordly terraces the sign to Lincoln And Lincohi sped the message on o'er the wide vale ot I rent ; Till Ski . . ™ckvn theEngUsh Channel, aboutVurtn S^ ' /irt"' uiuuui oreaKwaier; and - •-= ^ ij- "f j 228 FIFTH HEADER. "B 58 A Milford Bay, in Pembrokeshire, in the west of W:U. Ihese two points represent the extreme east .an wit ' in C^rm'" , '^"'"'''^ ^^""°'' ^ S''^"'^« roek in Mount's Bay m Cornwall, opposite Marazion. ^' 14. Longleat, in Wlltsliire, tl,e seat of the Mar,,,,], of Bath o. Cranbourne, an old town i„ Dorsetshire. 16. otonekenfje, the remains of tlie ancieni n..„r,li..„i . i .> t.e midUle of Salisbury Plain, abouuC ^^l^^l 1^ 17. Beauliei (pronounced Zi6/»), a parish at the mouth of X^r^::^:^ '''''' ^-'" ^^^-^"^-- ^^ was^-rL:: 18. Clifton down, a well-known watering-place about a mile from Bmtol, on the opposite side of the Avon. na t nf^l'' •'''^.";, """ '''""'""' P^'^*^^ '" Westminster. Only a pa of ,t ,s s 111 standing. The name is now, howe;er " ven to tlie seat of the Education Department for G cat Britain .chmond Hill, a beautiful hill overlooki,^U e ' 1 ;y of 21 r M "\f "'■'■'^' "^""- '^" ""^« ^■'•^•" London. ' in Kern. ' "'"^ ' "''"•■' "^ ^^^'^^«"' "'^-- ^Voolwieh, dle'L."'™^''''^' ^ '''""^ *" *^^ "^'-^^ ^^ London, in Mid- 23. Peak, the High Peak of Derbyshire. J4. Darwin, a district in Derbyshire Heiforf ""'"'' ' ''"'" ^" ^'^ ^^"""^« «f Worcester and I?* ^v'!"'"/ f f«"^^'-y<^°ni^al mountain in Shropshire. 27. Ely s stately fane, the cathedral of Ely, about sixteen miles from Cambridge. (Ely is the only city i/ England wl'ieh IS unrepresented in the House of Commons ) ^ 'rtJE SPANISH ARM A DA. 229 memloned are -^re,i«f:"':,°' „'^:«^"''; -All '"" P'»- England. ' "" '"^'^ prommeut points in the nm^ix w'X rapwlv it o"?° "°""' ™ «"'»• ""-1 ■•«»■> second group. Line T Do L, ^ °"''' "'"' "'« '»«' Ave a. a -erse accent on ,"" ,„d IT "r™,"' ""■ '"'"' f^-' Avoi.l td« Vkksk 3. _ Line 2T RealtLV f '' T'" """ '»»""^- Aslishtpauseafter^Jlretdtr/o"'™ ^'"'"'. v:™/;"",*" ^^''^ -cent ";!:;""""'""""' ■" »■—'■■ verse accent on /."'nfaL:'"^^^^^^^^^^^^ .^'^ ^•- ^void the ancient crown. Line 5 : Pause 'hn' i'"^' ""^' ^^'-^^^^^ «" to not accent o„. Line 12- K«LT.. ^ ^ ^"'' ^^"- ^''"^ " •• Do Verse 5. - Line 3 Pa^se .1' tn ""f '^' ^« «"« ^^'0''d. after 5.0A n,-^,,,. Line 6 Do nt "^ "'t''" ""^- ^'"^^ 4 .-Pause ^lun^,er. Line 7: Pa use'after C 'S "'? '^"^ ' ^^''^ ^^^^ Vkkse 8. —Line l • p. , ' ""'' ""'' 'O™'- >lnd, and afterX ' "'""■ """"■ '''»« 8: Pause afk,r ^»^Ta™wThe''::rier:c«ron';^,?™-. ^'"-'2-- P^^^^ "ord is „„e. Li„e 5 : D„ noUce« f ^Z"? .""''i ' "■» emphatic after^nd. " not accent o/. Line7: Pause sliglitiy 3^p;p;reis?r.xr'°-""- 3. Paraphrase the third and fourth verses. ' « .ft ■:!■ 230 ° h 1 ;,'i 1 t^ !• ' i 1 ! 'i ^ y ' t 1 Hi ill ;'» for horsemen, ,;„ troth r '•'•■"■':'""^" """ '"'o »i.acly walk L fooH„!;:Xt '0,^17" m" •■* T""' "•agnificent street ,tiM,l l.,T . .,.'""'' *"'«« of this -Palaees, a uniL^!',^. ;";'''"'-" "' "''^'-^ '''-'. arts, and the reside, «;'f " ". t'""' "" •''"■■'^'''y «' f"l foreign states s.ondid.'^i^^'V'? »' '">»-- " -W to the gay appea'ral ' of t ,t:e: ?V^' the univers ty, there nre ;„ .i, ". • *' '^««'des i'in.is, such .[ aLae! lemv of "^ ^' '"^'''""""^ of all arts, an academy of 1 1^ 1 , T" ""'' ""= «"- arel,it6etare,,„intarv,er 7"=f ''•'"'""" «'i™ces and or elementary ;;tra:aTw;:::^!Lr.t'"—^^ "pen to any and to a„ reade.^- A.rki^d:;, "^ n I m r •t f ' I; ■fl ■ii 282 FIFTH HEADER. fill the town, — manufactures, fine arts, political ,1is cussion; and there in j)er|)etual movement bofj of mmd and of energicH. Besides the active, bu8y,*stir. ring population of the city, there is a silent, HkccI population of statues of military lieroes. The finest of these u the equestrian statue of Frederick the Great. For Prussia is essentially a military state H was founded in war, and it has grown bv war ^nd yet, though at every corner Berlin reminds Me observer of war and of military glory, the town has neither rampart nor fortress; it is surrounded by an ordinary stone wall, for the simple purpose of collecting ^local taxes on all country produce that is carried mto the town. b. Near the heart of the town is the large and attractive i)ark called the Thiero-arten Its walks are much frequented in the summer evenin-s by the citizens, who come with their wives and families to saunter, or to sit in the open air over a cu], of coffee or an ice, or a glass of cool German beer. Near the town is also a splendid botanical garden, which contains more than twenty thousand different kinds of trees, e. The university is one of the most modern of t^e great German universities. It was founded in 1810, and now numbers more than three thousand students. Of these, most are students of law. Berlin 18, m fact, the intellectual capital of Germany. 'J^he Royal Library contains more than half a million volumes. Berlin has long been famous for artistic iron castings; it also manufactures a beautiful variety of porcelain. Standing almost in the heart of the con- tinent of Europe, it is evidently destined to grow larger and larger, -to grow not only with the growth of Germany, but with the growth of its powerful and wealthy neighbors. /«' ^ isked: <««»•«».;„„,. ^ disappointed; to hane nu.\. ,. tence " Neighbor, near, etc. * ^'earf, instead, etc, * Skelter, etc. € 1*1 234 FIFTH READER, liUI II ii il: i I III -■'I ii! !,! lit-j^ A VOYAGE HOUND THE WORLD. Part I. Appall', to terrify. Appli'ance, something applied or added ; here, means- From the Lat. applicnre, to fold to, through the Fr. ajiyiifpier. Bight, a form of the word hn;/ ; the old guttural apnearing in the one case as a y, in the other as a ffh. Cen'tury, a per'.o<^ of a hundred years, from T-at. centum, a hundred. (Compare per cent.) Col'onize, to ?ettle; from the Lat. colonm, a settlement. (Tins word is also found in Coloi/in', the Roman colony on the Rhine ; and in Lincoln, the Roman uolony on the river or pool ) Compressed', pressed together. Devel'op, to bring out or unfold. (The opposite of this word is envelop.) Em'blom,a sign, toJten, or symbol. Ezour'sion, a running out or " outing " , from the Lat. ex, out, and ctirro, I run. Ex'iled, ilriven out of, or ban- ished; from Lat. e.r?*V, a person out of his own country. Expanse'.wide stretch; from Lat. expando, I stretch out. Explore', to search ; from tlie Lat. explorare, to search. JS*am'ine, a stata of the greatest scarcity : from the h&t. fames. hanger. Fiord', a Norse form of the w<3rd Jirth, a long arm of the sea. Gla'cier, a large slow-moving river of ice; from Lat. glacies, ice. Hesper'ides, the name of tha famous sisters who guarde*.' the golden apples which Hera (Juno) received from OS (the Earth) on her marriage with Zeus (Jupiter). Tlio garden which contained the trees lay north of the Caucasus. Hur'ricane, a sudden and violent storm of wiml, Irom the Span- ish htiracan, a word brought originally from the natives of the Antilles. ImaRina'tion, fancy ; literally, the ()0wer of making images (Lat. imagines) in the mind. Iiaunch, to let go into the sea ; properly, to thrcnc. From Lat. iancea, lance ; tarough the Fr. lancer, to throw. Lia'nas, binding or climbing vines making a network among the tallest trees. Pacific, peaceful or peacemak- ing; from Lat. pax { = j)acs), peace, and facio, I make. Par'allel, always at exactly the same distance from Flague, an epidemic or prevalent disease ; from 'he Lat. plaga, a stroke. teas A VOYAGE ROUND THE WOULD. 235 Polyne'sia, from Or. polus, many, and nesos, an island. Prime'val, original, or existing at the earliest times ; from Lat. priram, first, and cevum, an age. Sub-trop'ical, under or next to the tropical. Twi'light, from the English two and light. (The word two appears In different forms in tvA, twai, twain, and ttcen — in twenfi/.) VeKeta'tion, growth of plants; from Lat. regeiare, to grow, to be lively. Ver'tical, right overhead; from Lat. vertex, the top. Wrest'ed, taken by force. (> form of the noun irriaf ; thi continuative verb is wrestle.) L Let us make a voyage in imagination round the world. An actual voyage round the world is a very easy tlimg nowadays. But three centuries ago it was not an easy thing. Three centuries ago it was full of dangers, known and unknown, — dangers from hurri- canes, from ignorance of coast lines, from plague and famine, and from cruel and savage races of me*^. Ma- gellan, a Portuguese sailor, born in Oporto in 1470 was the first man to sail round the world ; and the task took him three years. 2. He set sail on the 20th of Septem- ber, I0I9, kept his course to the west, discovered and sailed through the strait that now bears his name, and his fleet reached home only on the 6th of September, 1522. He had only five small vessels, — so small that no one would nowadays think of risking his life in them or a long voyage. His largest vessel was a miserable httle ship of 130 tons, and his smallest amounted to only 60. About half a century later, the great English- uian. Sir Francis Drake, also sailed round the world; and his fleet also numbered only five vessels, of from' 15 to 100 tons. The vessels that cross the Atlantic to- day are from 8,000 to 4,000 tons burden. 3. Macrellan, as has been said, took three years to sail round the' w^orld (he himself never reached home, as he fell in a light with the natives of the Philippine Islands, the second year of the voyage) ; Sir Francis Drake also I .'Alt l± J 236 FIFTH READER, if took three years ; and the last voyage of Captain Cook (who was killed at the Sandwich Islands in 1779) occu- pied four full years. Now, the voyage is a mere holiday excursion ; it can be made, by the aid of steam, witli ease and comfort, and with every appliance of interest and amusement. It may almost be made in as many months as Magellan took years. 4. But we have neither time enough nor mone^ enough to go round the world. We can, however, do so in imagination; we can do so hylhe help of books of travel, and we can see with the eyes and hear with the ears of famous sailors and of daring travellers who have been exploring the different seas, continents, islands, and countries of this planet for many hundred years. 5. The sea encircles the land of the world ; and the land lies in it like a number of islands. The sea has neither beginning nor end ; and, as the old adventurous sailors launched their ships upon it, trusting in God and in their own stout hearts, so let us launch our thoughts on the boundless ocean, and survey the different coun- tries that we cross in our imaginary voyage. Let us suppose ourselves at the North Pole, and let us start from there. ** Emblem of Eternity, Unbeginning, endless sea! Let me launch my soul on thee. Sail, nor keel, nor helm, nor oar, Need I, ask I, to explore Thine expanse from shore to shore. " Eager fancy, unconfined, In a voyage of the mind, Sweeps along thee like the wind. Where the billows cease to roll, Round the silence of the poia Thence set out my venturous soull " H n A VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD. 237 6. And first we come to Greenland,- a land of frost and snow, o rugged and barren mountains, of a coast line broken by mnumorable bays, inlets, creeks, bights, and fiords. Without trees, almost without veg;tat1on, and with only a few Danes and Esquimaux scattered ;bout SCENE IN GRKKNLAND. ^LtsVT/""^'- 7'^' interior is one vast glacier, CTJX"""? '^'^^^^' '^'^'' '' '^'' '^'^'^ -n^ then bieak oif on the edges of the cliffs and fall into the sea with a mighty splash and a noise like thunder. 7. If we bid good by to the southernmost point of Green- land, which was called by some sailor, who wn« ,rTo^ f. e last ot it, Cape Farewell, and hold a southwest see I 238 FIFTH READER. t. A\ course, we shall come to Labrador. This, too, is a very cold country. The interior is a wilderness of pine forests ; and the coast is bleak and barren, and blocked up M^th ice for nine months in the yeai*. There are fisheries, and there is a great deal of seal- hunting. 8. Large herds of seal are found on the sheets of floating field-ice, called ''seal meadows." The ani- mals are surprised while sleej)ing and knocked on the head with bludgeons. Labrador is in the same latitude as England ; yet it has a winter of nine months, the other seasons being compressed into three. This difference in climate is due to the fact that the coasts of Labrador are washed by a cold cui-rent, full of icebergs, froin Baffin's Bayi while the shores of England are bathed by the warm waters of the great Gulf Stream from the sub-tropical climate of the Gulf of Mexico. "See o'er Greenland, cold and wild, Rocks of ice eternal piled; Yet the mother loves her child. Next, on lonelj' Labrador, Let nie hear the snow-storm roar, Blinding, burying all before." 9. Coming farther south, we light upon the Dominion of Camida, — the name for the chief part of British North America. It is a splendid country, still con- taining vast primeval forests, with land as fertile as any on the globe, and with a dry and healthy climate. It abounds in mighty lakes and clear rivers, whose waters teem with salmon and other kinds of fish. The five great lakes which discharge their waters mto the St. Lawrence form the largest body of fresh water in the world, w. Striking southeast, we come to New England, — which received its name from the English Puritans who left their country in the seveat^enth A VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD. 239 century in order to have full possession of their reli gious liberty. It consists of six States, which are s '^::^^^:^- -' p-i>-- «^ the " But a brighter vision breaks O'er Canadian woods and lakes* These my spirit soon forsakes.' Land of exiled Liberty, Where our fathers once were free Brave New England, hail to thee I "' 11 Winging our imaginary way stUl farther to the Thit ir? ^''' '^'' prosperous State of Pennsylvania, i his State was not wrested from the American Indians by orce, but was peacefully purchased from them by Wi ham Penn, a Quaker, who founded and settled the btate. Penn wanted to call the country, which is now nearly as large as England, .Vyto,/.,, because it was so well wooded; but Charles II., when granthig him ^ charter to hold the land. Jocularly insifted orf add"ng the word P..n to it, and the name re..ains I^ennsI ^'.m^a to this day. i. Still farther and farther south when the rich clustei. of the West Indian Islar^s break upon our view! Here is eternal summer; here the day is flooded with sunlight, and the deep black wfb ^r > '''"' ^^?""* '"^ '^'^'^^'^ ^'^ brilliant witn stars ; here are the most delicious fruits in the world ; here are landscapes with high and rugged moun- tarns, rapid rivers, graceful cocoa-nut trees, breadths of sugar-cane and maize; and here are all kmds of spice plants growing m profusion. ^ ** Pennsylvania!— while thy flood Waters fields uubought with blood Stand for peace, as thou hast stood The West Tnrlif^Q t k«i.-.i-i Like the Hesperides of old, — Trees of life with fruits of goldl » I' t : ! I I Vi ,i #"■- II'. 240 FIFTH READER. H •ii ^4' f ' it E> r^ in 13. On to South America, with the largest forests and the largest river in the world I The northeast trade- winds, laden with moisture from the North Atlantic, strike at a right angle on the north coast of this conti- nent, carry their burden of moisture across hill and valley, dropping showers as they go, till at last they give up every particle of rain to the cold, snow-covered sides of the Andes, and cross that range as a perfectly dry wind. The southeast trades blow upon the southern coast of South America, also at a right angle, carry even more moisture than the northeast trade-winds, and also penetrate to and cross the Andes, having left behind them all the moisture they bore away from the broad Atlnntic. It is the northeast trades that make the noi-flu'rn tributaries of the Amazon, and the southeast trades that make the southern tributaries. 14. More rain falls here than in any other part of the world, and hence we have the largest river, which flows, almost parallel with the equator, exactly midway between the A VorAOE ROUND THE WORLD. ■>i\ two «.t« „f rain-bearing winds. WitI, (I,o h,ri;c..Ht ann.unt of ram ,„ the worl., an,l with the ,ro,,ieal a„.l verti."! lieat ot the sun, wo have, as a necessary result, the most Z'Z^'^T"''^ the most luxuriant vegetation in the wo.ld. These forests, oallert the Selvasrcover mil ions of square miles of eountry. u. The highest " thickest trees, tied together with countless lot l™' "I uanas and tree-creepers, with a ground-gro^th'of |M 242 FIFTH READER. 11'.^, uixlerwood in the upper branches that only fire cok.^ penetrate, contain a population of an infinite niunbe, of brilliantly colored birds, of monkeys, ai)es, and othei animals, while the middle air is filled with butterflies, bats, and winged creatures of all kinds. There is every! thing here that the world of nature can show to appall to astonish, and to strike with admiration. So great i» the power of vegetation that in a few months a stone house would be covered with a luxuriant overgrowth, or torn to pieces by the aid of the numberless plants that would find a lodging-place everywhere in its chinks. 16. The whole continent demands a nobler people ; and it may be that the Anglo-Saxon race will yet colonize this, as th^y hrve already colonized the sister continent of North America. "South America expands Mountain forests, river lands, And a nobler race demands; And a nobKir race arise, Stretch their limbs, unclose their eyes, Claim the earth, and seek the skies." 17. Steering still south in our voyage of thought, im- agination, and memory, we pass the Falkland Islands on the left and come to the Straits of Magellan. The great sailor from whom the straits are named took a month to go through them; and then he reached a mighty ocean of unknown extent, sailed north and west till he came to the Ladrones (or Thieves' Islands, « a haunt of wiles," because the inhabitants stole from' the Spanish and Portuguese sailors whenever they had an opportunity). Thence ae held on his way to the Phil- ippines, "a haunt of violence," where he lost his Wfe in a skii-mish with the natives on the 26th of April, 1521. p A roYAaE Roimn tite world. 248 "Gliding througii Magellan's straits, - Where two oceans ope their gates, wnat a glorious soene awaits! The immense VnvAiw snliles Ronml ten thousand little isles,— Haunts of violence and wile's." so e.ei since Sydney ,s the next largest town. 20 Let us keep away from the deserts of Siberia an>e margin of the bay or inlet of Tokio for a distance of ten miles, and extends seven miles inland. Earth- quakes are frequent, and hence the houses are of only one story; they are built of wood, and thus fires are not uncommon. 24. To the west and south China lies, — the land of oddities and contrarieties. Everythinrr seems to be the exact opposite of what we have in this country. In China the old men fly kites, and the boys look on ; people whiten their shoes with chalk, instead of blacking them; white is the eolor wnrn in m^„«« irers .tre lie arctic, still flovv- ri. Thus sea, but miles of 'Ht uiarsli 'hcH also ' Japan, sun," su t licis t»> akenin^. )ainiio,s) centred 11 1870; sciences my and French Iniman ulation. of the )ugh to nea t!)e ince of Earth- 3f only res a)-e na lies, •ything in this le boys n stead A VOYAGE HOUND THE WORLD. 246 nig; a Chinaman mounts his horse from the riirht. instead of the left sies not rea it. The En,peror'« pa ee i» .ailed theTra„,|uil I'ahee of Heaven. The Ht eM8 the capital, IVkin (whieh tnean, Mmh ct'rt) C tie 0,1, e,t names, -"Ba,l S.neli Street," "DoJv. Tail NOc^t, 'and BO on. Nearly half a n.illion of people i Canton hve on the river in Iwats. ' THE HKYLAUK. ( Verse printetJ as prose.) Bird of the wil,len,e.,», blithesome and eumberless Hweet be thy n.atin o'er n.oorlan.l and lea ! En.S l-t happmess, blest is thy dwelling-place: O to ab , e in he desert with thee! Wild- is thy lay ad o«d, farm the downy eloud; love gives^t ener. y, love gave ,t birth. Where on thy dewy wiJ^^ where art thou journeying? Thy lay is in heave,;' ■iheen, oermoor and mountain green, o'er the red streamer that heralds the day, over the cloudlet dm,, over the rainbow's ri,„, .nusical cherub, soat B.ng„.g away! Then, when the gloaming con.* low ".the heather blooms, sweet will thy weleLe and bed of love be! Emblem of happiness, blest is thy dwelhng-place! Oto abide in the desert with thee! James Hogg 247 crfutne ; THE CASTLE BY TTFE SEA. (Verse printed aa Prose.) Ohime, bells ringing in tune, Rap'ture, pride, i-xoesc ive joy. Resplen'dent, 8hin»ng brightly. Weedii, gannentB. d.«^::.^fr:7el: ^2;r: :z :i ---™tper«on. . only daughter, and tl.e ca tl wal f • Jr ' " '^" **'"« '^"' ''"'' »^"' other, In re^ly.) ^ '''' '""** ^^ '^"^ --^a^" i and 2. 4, and 6 by an- castl 'viv. !" , \^'''' ^ «^^'" that castle, that w^ts o o r.^n ;""'^ " ^-"'^^--'-^^ -a the hoar Wnt ' ' " "^""'^ ^^'''"^^ ^^^^^^ thou n^ai tioin those lotty chainbern the harn n.wl th„ nunstrel's rhyme ? " I « The winds a, d tZ w ves o sound of wail, and tears came to mine eye." , rn 1 V. T:"' '^^" ^" ^^'^ ^"'''•^•ts the kin/and h s n'd he ' n "^' ''"^ r?^^ ^' ^^^'^ crimsonnn::^les rantl^fr'^r""^'''*'^^^ Led they not forth in raptme a beauteous maiden there, -resplendent as of n^i I J ''"''''"^ I'^''^"*^' ^i^^hout the crown of pnde; they were moving slow, in weeds of woe^ no maiden wa« by their side ! " ' Uhland (translated by LomjfeUoxo). on?^^-?'^^.^ -y^««^ 1- I>o not accent hv : l..f....... .. one .vxu. verse n. Do not accent they. " " "'' ^1 J5! ? T II 248 FIFTH READEB. V THE FOUESTS OF THE AMAZON. AJ'llgator — (called by the Span- iards el layarto) the great liza. d ; hence the name. Den'izan. iuhabitaut. Intense', very groat. From I^at. intenilo (intens-um), I stretch. (The metaphor is taken from the stretohins of a bow.) THE FOBESTS OF WE AMAZON. 249 ON. . From Ijiit. i), I stretch. I taken from Ik bow.) Intersect', cut their way through. Iron. J^t, inter, betueen, and secoisect-um), iiixxi. C.guates, »vct, aectwH ; insect. Myr/iads, very lurgo numbers. Fron. (Jr. mi,rias (-mie,), a ten thousand. Prehen'sUe, adapted for seizing or grasping. Fro,,, ut. nre hen=e of PralC' A 1 " '" "''""' •"'■'"■^ ''""^- ""' -"Mlikc. o„ e, . „t t i""i' "■""' """•^' "' ^'"■"■'' foos, 8t,x.,cl,i„;f ,^ *'- trunks.,,-,,,,, I 250 FIFTH HEADER. I n lijiii except by the use of the axe. 3. In fact, the natives of these regions have no means of moving from place to place except by the numerous streams which intersect the plams. In the daytime, especially in the intense heat of the noontide, deep silence reigns within the for- est, broken only by the faint humming of insects. The larger animals seek shelter in the recesses of th(. forest and the birds hide themselves in clefts or under the thick foliage of the trees. At night, on the other hand, the forest is often a scene of the wildest uproar, and re- sounds with the howling and piping of monkeys, the shrieking of parrots, and the roaring of carnivorous animals. 4. The great forests of the Amazon are the home of innumerable animals, most of which are expert climb- ers,and spend the greater part of their time amongst the branches. The commonest creatures are the mon- keys, of which there are many kinds. They live too-ether m troor,> m the woods, and make more noise than all the other animals put together. The curious little spider- monkeys have very slender bodies, long thin arms and legs, and long prehensile tails, by means of M^hich these agile creatures can grasp a branch just as we use our hands, and swing themselves from brands to branch or hang head downwards, with the greatest ease. The little squirrel-hke marmosets have thick bushy tails, and can climb about only by means of their feet. The most curious of the monkeys, however, are the howlers which raise terrific cries in the stillness of the nio-ht 6. One of the most extraordinary anim.n' of the South American forests is the sloth. Thi. curious beast has long, rough gray hair, and a round, good-natured face, and spends its entire life amongst the trees, iinon tVr leaves of which it feeds. It never comes down upon SLOTH. THE FOREHTS OF THE AMAZON. 261 bent that it can walk only with the greatest difficulty. (Jp amongst the trees, how- ever, it is quite at home, chmbmg about, back down- wards, suspended from the branches by means of its iong, crooked claws. It even sleeps in this appai-- ently unnatui-al position; the trees, moreover, are so close together that, in mov- ing about, it can easily pass peace and quietness. Gorgeous b tie Z's fl t . . tl.o an- and visit tl,e eounMess flowers in seaH> o ,M honeyed ju.ees; they are with difficulty d i„° isl e roiu the equally brilliant huniming-bi.'^^ls Xh j , like lightning hither and thither JJZtZ^''""'^ "■"''°"' i'«*"!«'™- The iiaie hH' wh le ,h" "" '"™'"' "'■ ^""y f'"'-' '""■'•"'^ i» Uil pulls down the nests of the white ants by meanro^ ts sharp, crooked claws, and devour the deftceless insects by thousands. In the burning ravs of Z^!:^! -.> sun countless hiards bask on the heated'bai^ks "• II til .,1 ffv, 4i| rv 252 FIFTH JiEADER. wlnle inany-coloml snakes crawl through the herbft^e oi- he ccnceMkHl in the l.n.i.cho.s; in the nic^ht-tinie tlic' huge jaguar, or American i.antiier, roams at will throunh tlie tangled forest. * rn III 1 he waters swarm with fishes of strange forms and colors, and are haunted by nmltitudes of alligators ihese terrible rq.tiles swim and dive actively, or they float at the surface of the pools, like so many long, brown logs of wood. Enjoying the hot sun, they lie for hours without movmg; but it would fare badly with a.iv .'"innal or naked Indian who might try to swim across a river tenanted by these voracious monsters. I„ an instant the water would be alive with lashin<.- tails and snapping jhws, and the swimmer would hardlv -scape with whole limbs, or even with life itself. E::k«c.sks. - i. Write a Summary of sections 2 to 6, indu- 2. Write a short paper on "The Great Forests of Soul I, America," from your own suiinnary. 3. Explain tlie following sentences and pluases, and fiive ynonyrns for the italicized words : (1) i..An-««, UgeUtf^ o esf m rr T [^!^'''^' ^«S^'"«r- i'^) The dense inirneral loest. (4) 1 he forest IS a scene of the wildest jfproar. (5) Nor .s the pound without its ileni^ens. (6) The waters are handed by multitudes of alligators. (7) Vomcious. ^ « "«""««^ 4. Parse the words in the following sentence: "The -om- monest creatures are the monkeys. .: which there are many kinds, living in troops in the woods." ^ r>. Analyze the following sentence r — •• That time of year thou uiayst in me behold When yellow leaves, or uoiie. or few do haim Upon those boughs which shake against the cold Bare, ruined choirs, where late the sweet birds Bang •' ^6S e herbjtge, it-time the ill through forms and alligators y, or they iig, brown for hours with any im acroSH ><• In an liiils an«l lly escape to 6, inclu- of South and give egeialion. i vrimevul . (5) Nor e haunted I'he coin- are many KHmeny has been stolen by the fairies, an.l has been Icept for seven y.-ars In fairy-la„,|. ^ »'«n "lie comes back, she has a won,lroMs beauty, an.l has ac- q.>..cil a nilraonlous |>ower of mnkiiiK birds ami beasts obedient to her will. Bard. poet. Cowered, bent. Ecstasy, exceeding, leligl.t ; rap- ture. ' Ee, Scottish for pj/f, _pl. etn. Lev'eret, a young hare, v Throa'tle 30ck, the male thmxh. »• With distant music, soft and deep, They lulled Kilmeny And when she awakened she lay"alont''''^'' AIJ covered w'th Aowpi-m «« „ Whpn «.... 1 " ^ green-mossed stone. When seven long years had come and ^^a H iH'H griei was calm and hope was^dead'" 254 FIFTH READER. r I,.!. I,' !• it:' When scarce was remembered Kilmeny's name,^ late, late in the twilight, Kihneny home came 2. And oh ! her beauty was fair to see, But still and steadfast was her ee ! Such beauty bard may never declare, For there was no pride nor passioi. there, .Viid the soft desire of m udej'v' een h) that mild face could n, ^t r bo seen. «. Her neck was like the If! / ^\o\^ er, Aisd her cheek thv moss-r-.se in the shv>w>'f And her voice like the distant melodye That Moats alo.)^; the twilight sea. But she loved to wa'k thr^ lonely gieu, And kei t afar from < he hauutf? of men, Her holy hyn)ns u'she-i'd to sing, To suck the flowers, aiid drink the spring. «- Bui wherever her peaceful form appeared, j he wild l>east8 of the hills were cheered ; The wolf played blithely round the field* The lordly bison lowed and kneeled; The dun deer wooed wii h manner bland, And cowered beneath her lily hand. e. And when at even the ^voodlan*d8 rung. When hynms of other worlds she sung In ecstasy of sweet devotion, O then the glen was all in motion l" The wild beasts of the forest came. Broke from their pens and folds the tame, And stood around, charmed and amazed ; Il.ven the dull cattle stood and gazed, And munnured and looked with anxious pain ^or something the mystery to explain. 5. The buzzard came with the throstle-cock, SOCIAL ASPECTS OP TmfPERANCE. 255 The blackbird ahm^^ witli the eacjlo flow ; The Inncl came tri],,.i„. o'er the dew ; The wolf and the kid their walk be^.an ; And the lox, and the la.ub, and the K^veret ran ; And al in a peaceful rin<,. were hurled ! It was hke ^a eve in a sinless world J James Ilogy, THE SOCIAL ASPECTS OF TEMPERANCE. Al'oohol, pure spirit, (in its ordiiiary form, it Is, however, more or less Impure.) From Arabic al-kohl, the powder of antimony, which was used to blacken the eyelashes. {Al is the Arabic for the, as in atroran, algebra, alchemi/, etc.) ^' Arrests', seizures by the police. From O. Pr. arrester} from Lat. atl, to, and restate, to stand still. Cognate: Rest {= the remainder). Athlet'io, relating to exercise. Fium Gr. Athletes, a prize- fighter. Cognate : Athlete, Oommu'nlty, society founded on common interests and aims. From Lat. communis, common. Cognates : Communion ,• com- municate; commune. Isoum'bent, resting on. Prom Lat. m, upon, andf^m6o(euftj<- «»»), I lie. Cognates: Incum- hency; cuUt (the part of the arm on which we lie). XllfiAnnA/. vtki^v f»i.AA«. nt » 7 - — .- s---^-.-. j-rvin i^x, tntendo {intem-um), I stretch. Cognates: Intensify; intense. ni'ss. liU'natio, a person who has lost his ordinary judgment. From Lat. luna, the moon. (Such Jiersons were believed to be ettected by the various changes of the moon.) Cognates : Lv,- nan lunacy; sublunary. PoBi'tion, place or rank in so. ciety. Prom Lat. pom (jwsit- ym), I place. Cognates { De- ponent; opponent; deposit, depdt (through Fr.) ; opposite, oppo- sitiim; repose. Sphere, circle. Prom Gr. sphaira, a globe. Cogmies: Spherical; sphentl. Stim'ulanta, drugs which do not produce new strength, but force persons to expend re- served strength. From Lat. stimulus, a goad. Cognates: Stimulus; stimulate; stimuUu tion. Unproductive, without the power of producing anvthimr usetui. jfrom Eng. un, not, and lj)X.pro, forth, and duco^ i 'r ! i| uni ' 4 ' * 256 FIFrif READER. T lead. Cognfttos: Produce, product, tmxttwer, proilurfum. Vest'ed, place.l in some business in which it is likely to produce more. (The uaual form ia htrf»t,-) From Ut. renth, a dresB. Cognates : Vest ,- vtshi/ (originally ih<- room where the priest robed); reMment; veatwe. m a; I m 1. rhoro can he no doul)t that Tkmperanoe of evory kind IS a (hity incutnbont npcn hoth youn^r an.] oh], f,, every relation and si>here of life. There ou^U to ]>e temperance in eating and drinking, temperance in arnuHement and atliletic games, temperance in sleep work, ane temperance in expression, for temperance tries to get at the truth in eycrything, and is as careful not to overstate the exact truth as It 1^ not to understate it; l)ecau8e, if tJie cost of a piece of land be $500, it is as great a blumler to say the cost is *5t0 as to say the cost is only Wdi), Exact- ness of statement is the Jiigh intellectual virtue of per- fect temperance. 2. It is the duty of all of us, not only to cultivate exactness of statement and perfect accurac'y of thought, but also to keep our relations with otlier people perfectly simple, true, and kindly. No honest man wishes to ])lame or to be blame<] ; to be dependent on others, or to be compelled to provide for tlie wants of Idle and thriftless persons whom he has not seen ; he desires to be surrounded by a community devoted to cheerful labor, healthy habits, and kindly social rela- tions. Work, Jiealth, and social gayetv, — tliese are what go to make a happy sbciety. 3. Wo man can be liai)pv through and by himself ; happiness is essentially a social quality. We are all born into a world of give and take ; we find here a society which has been built up by the care and the labor of many generations of kindly an(] hard-working men and women; and it is our duty to do nothing that may tend to tear down iho frQ»«^«r^«ir t. veHth, H f'eSt; ve.sfif/ )oin whtM-e ; rentment ; of ovory <1 <>M, ill lit to be •nil 00 in II sloop, ipoiaiioo ho truth ho exact the cost ?r to Kay Exaot- of ))er- lot only ocuracy h otlior ► honest )en(lent B wantf een ; he oted to al rehi- re what ' hai)i»y a social d take ; by the lly and iuty to »i • T -.-I a. SOCIAL ASPECTS OF TEMPEUANCE. 257 of thin society, ft takes a long time to build up , it is easy to destroy. What has taken years to raU may ue i)ullo.ippiness, loss ot fortune and position, loss of life itself may all bo trace.I directly to these habits. ,. It is'xTv important, then, for yonng persons, that they should early become acquainted with the true relation of such halnts o the society in which they live, that they should « ey should n,ake up their n.inds to discourage them bo b „, the„,selves and in others. They must learn a ear y as they can to look at the soci..' ffects of alcohol and Its cost both to individuals and I the nation «. It IS calculated that nearly *750,00,,-,.0 are snent "pon beer, wine and spirits every year in the irnite,! K. gdom. If this sum produced food or manufactures to the s.ame or to a greater amount, there would be no remark to make. But unfortunately it is the means Z producing erime and its consequent misery. This crime S'' ■; "««'f »nP-l"etive ; or, rather, it is negati^ly productive. It produces prisons, workhouses, fnd asj^ I'-T? '■'^ policemen, .and ot: .■ .ersons, whose ZX taken up with looking after people who will not work 111 an honest and ."-fnad" ir-^^ -.-. 7. It is always well to com'e to special facts and fi... i ,. ■ I I I 268 hVFTll UEADKH. a- 1!^ «l.Hl.ly about *L',5,N,,,M„.,,„m i„v,.M,.d h, ,i; , ;, r L,','!r"T ''"■" ","'i."'">"-"' t" ti"' -.nail..,,, „ ;.;. ■t" vc»U..l eapual. . The grain u«.,l i„ „.,„,„, one g,«nt Mistillery in Sc«tlm„l araonnl. to ■ DiiUifls a yvnv, l)iit the work tfives erai.iovnH.nt lo on y ISO men Thc«. Sdftdon i ,» "^"""t""}'''''''! ..,.1 . '*•"'""'""" ''""'wis prO(uce soirilH > the amount of ,7,SO0,000. But if these seven i ^"..K an,I a half of n,o„ey were s„en, in hnil.lin,, o agr,eu ture ,„vinu., they woul.l give employ, nent „ about ir.,0(.0 han.ls, in«te«.l of t.fa n,. ," ' a- oTtuiL ;tH''"'T- "• ^«"'"' ••-%"• a ..alio,, of ;:;.. co«tan« a hlle nutnn.ent, it eostH from ten to twenty .mes as mueh a, the san.e amount of nutriment in e orn, ot I,rea,l. Fron, the point of view of Z " ""■•eover, - wneh U a n>o.,t in.portant one in ,, erow.l"')' ountry, _ a glass of iN-e, a day means *1 5 a vi.n- -m,! hereto,-e three glasses daily nieans *,:, v, . h ' i th,s*45 ayea ■ lai,l by would, with con.poun.l i, ...'•!" a SIX |,er cent amount in tweaty years ,„ „ ,,|v gard!",'" " """' ''""'"' '"'"''"'''■ " ''"''" ''»»»'^ 'l '». Again, from the ,«i„t of view of lualth an,I n„ people .lusrularly Imv^ generally been total abstainers t.^.n nieohol. The gre.t.st feat in swimtning tlla" . .^ >ild ^as ev, seen « „ when Captain ^\M, m -nn 77 *« Kngii^l. Ch, el ; and he e,npl„yed no ,i tr. ^r°"' ""' ^^'-->^» American'peCr waited a thou.u„d miles without 'a.ti-,g a drop J |.eohol; andAdan- \yle.,,i,heAn.ti ...vp| 1 |,,.Xen his testimonv tha. In ,•<.,,; .■ .. ' '. "' : *-' ' ™ -^ -4s-..;av .,,. , lii, whiskey aOCIAf. ASPECTS OF TE.WEKANCE. o^jj ^iTuZ': '' M "f "" ^"''' ""•>■ '""^'"'' '"" »'«" very wl.o„„.j .,„,,n,u»t l.,,„.„ .„tl,i„k .„„,.. of ,th. tin , o ...,r«.Iv..s ,„„„t K..,,, t„ H,i„k „„.ro of «, • e ^ ■ our hr.. 1,..,.»' k„.,,„^,-. „„,, ,,., ' ,^,^;"y - ; » ..nd u,.ng,t ou.«.Ive,, we m««t aNo hel , „ , ".•....I u,,nsh.. I),„.i„g tiK. course. „f oa,! v.a I „ •''■.■•1«<.1 .m„.,„ul« of persons are ane«,e.l tCr dr .•.me,,s a,„l for otfcees oominitte.'. n„,l..r i fbt , i ;•■«-"«. ... ISu, this is „„,y,Hm,,. ,...,' VV, I ««-<««,. ,.,„oi, ,„or., a,„1 ,„„„,, ,„„,, ,,,,,,,,1^, ^;^ '" < t imstry laflu-ted upon a household ..f wife and ehii •>-..; .t mean, bad food an,l poor elothing „ I ," k.i..l. We 8houl,l eortaiuly not be far wro,„. if 1 wei-e ,o say ,l,at eaeh of these arrests bring "to ,!« its,::;,!!: "'"•' ""'"'''=" •"'"" '"■"-■' -^ "V 13. The test physicians agree in stating that growin,. -e-^ons are betler in health, stronger in mnscIeteU i"^ » li-id, and rayor in spirits, without theuee of a coho .l«'..s, than with then,. I„ c.ses of gnat weak e s they maybe n. ful, under n.edical aduct That is s, t he,ent (or onrselves. But if we .onsider that tempem ce -.>-'.«»..,. .oa,ari:!x7:^T:r:;r one'of'u to"'" ' '""""■'■^' ''"'■ '"^'-g "P"-. every ourselves and m otiiers. L^t na«i, ^* .,„ _ and let each be the fnV„dly advis;;'of;,:;tL.r"" "'"^ ,'i 1',.'?" 260 FIFTH liEADEH, 1^ :|*6 f ft eed^^ilgr^r;^^- '''^'' ^ '^^■^^••'--' M.e facta in the p.. suL^;^!' ' *'"'' '"^"'^ "' ''Tcnpevance." from your own 8. Explain il.,. foII<,wlng sentences and ,,hraso« nnH „.. synonym., for the ftalioized word.: (1) 'l%.„Se: N ^f ' o*C(.m6e«/ upon hoth youn^ and ohl. (2) slZeT\VX!f^ thought. (7) Lo.« of inJtlo:" %)'vr^^^^^ "' ;^«.««. (0) Mu..„.ar'vigor. m 1^:!^^^ Zw^Z 4 I ar«e the words In the following sentence: '• They must lea n as early as f hey can to look at the social effect, of alcohol and at Its cost hoth to individuals and to the naUot'' ' 5. Analyze « he following sentence : - "Alas ! tbe joy.s that fortune brliign Are trifling, mid ilecay j Aiid thoMJ who i)rlz« the trlrtli.K things Mor« trifling stm than they." • onipoimi] with con ,!,■ ,., . '"""'""'' «*, stem cem), .pur ' ' ' "'"' ^'■'■' ""<' •«».• "Imulm, a • iMmt, etc. . Ala,^, al,mt, altogether, etc. » Erst earh, .u. Only, alone, alone, etc. s »-/,«/« fc„i/ i. ,fl ' ^> *^ • Kind kina etn ^' '"**'' *««'<*• • **"•<'• *'<'• » Saw, etc. Mliai : Lfl in the pre- rn your own -«, and givo ce is a *t duty, i'liey must of alcohol, >ni, or cog- »y^ hard, » ever. ! following )ress (root Ic, re, and leni re««), Hmulus, a ake a sen- rebel and >*' ; (/o to In. early, «to 261 THE POVVEU OF SHORT WORDS. Think not that atrenffth hVs in ♦!,« i • Lm l^t ,l,is force „f thought .„,) speech bo ,„i„e Not ,„„,.o strength is it that'the short wor.l !««,• It «irvc.s of ,„or,. thnn fight or stom, to teH K..the„uhatfar„.r;,,j::;:ti:~^ Tn ',""".'•"'*-'''. ""'1 dance, an.l clap the hani the French fait (which itself conios from "the lM,.f,u't-}im, a deed). Inch, an island : imh is used f<.r island in several Instances in the mouth of the Forth. Mail, armor. Pale, an enclosr 1 space. Pan'oply, complete suit of armor. Pin'net, a small spire. Rtt'vensheuoh, Ravenscrag. Sao'risty, veniry; a room in a church where the mrret} gav nients and vessels are kei>t. Sea'tnew, the gull. Wa'ter-Sprite, a fabulous jpirit of evil. ^ 1. O listen, listen, ladies gay ! ^ No l.iughty feat of arms I tell ; Soft is the note, and s.ad the lay, ' That mourns the lovely Rosabelle. r*4» kosaAeue. =. "Moor, mooj. „.e ,,„,.go, ye gaUant cro,,- Kost thee ,„ Crtstle Rnvo,„l,o„cl. Nor tem|,t the Mormy Krth ' tol,l„v. '■"T;:-;:;:t:t';«r'";'^'"'^''''-''^ «•'''-= W l.o«, ,e,v,„.,s f„re.K,de ,h,u wLek 'u „i„h. ■'■ " '-••'sf .isht the^.iftcl Seer ',ii,, view w..y.o.,he:c;„.;«:;irrr^- «"'Ti«not '>ocauso Lonl Limlesay's heir «»t that my huly „K>tlK.r there ^ ^«t.s lonely i„ her castle hall. "■ " T 'VT ^''^^''"'•'^ *^'^ ""£? ^ the V ride It ti8 not filled by I^osabelle." '• ^'7 ^««^'» '-^'I that woary ni..ht 'TwJr^'T ''^''^'^ wasHeeiTto^leam- r was broader than ti.e watc-h-fire'S, Ana redder than the bright Il^^ll::^::: ^■Tt glared on R,,,j„,^^^^^^^^^^^ t ruddied all the oop.se-wood glen- ^V:^::i ^-^0<1c.n.,ro.^;ofoalc. -..., _,« „„j-^ euverned UuH'thoruden.' 263 ill %^. Hi *■ I 264 FIFTH UEADFR, «>. Seemed all on fire that chapel proud, Where Roslin's chiefs uncoffined lie, Each baron, for a sable shroud, Sheathed in his iron panoply.^ 10. Seemed all on fire within, around, •Deep sacristy and altar's pale ; Shone every pillar, foliage-bound,^ And glimmered all the dead men's mai/. 11. Blazed battlement and pinnet high. Blazed every rose-carved l)uttress fair : So still they blaze, when fate is nigh The loifdly line of high Saint Clair. 12. There are twenty of Roslin's barons bold Lie buried within that proud chapelle ; Each one the holy vault doth hold, -— But the sea holds lovely Rosabelle I 13. And each Saint Clair was buried there With candle, with book, and with knell ; » But the sea-caves rung, and the wild winds sung, The dirge of lovely Rosabelle. Sir W. Scott. NOTES. 1. The Firth of Forth. 2. In Scotland certain persons were supposed to be gifted with the power of seeing what was about to happen, just as it would be; tliis power was called second-Hight, and in this in- stance the Seer had had a vision of a noble lady wrapped in a wet shroud, or, in other words, drowned. 8. An old castle a few miles south of Edinburgli. 4. A ring was hung so loosely from a bar resting on two up- right posts that it could be easily broken B:wav Th" ni^vsrs A BRAVE SAILOR. 265 rode at full speed through the archway thus made, and, us they went under, aimed at passing their lance-points tlirough the ring in order to carry it off. 5. There was an old legend, that, when any evil oi death was about to befall one of the Saint Clairs of Ro«lin, the chapel always appeared on tire the night before. 6. A lovely glen near lioslin. JOryden is the name of a prop^ erty near Edinburgh. 7. The lords of Roslin were biiried in their coats of mail. 8. The pillars in the chapel at Hoslin are exquisitely carved with leaves and flowers. 9. The old funeral service of torch or candles, sad sineimr and tolling bells. ^ **' ExEKciSKH. — 1. Explain the following phrases: (1) Haughty feat of arms. (2) Nor tempt the stormy firth. (3) The black- ening M-ave is edged with white. (4) Whose screams forebode that wreck Is nigh. {->) The gifted Seer. (6) The ring they riue. (7) Sh«athed in his iron panoplv. (8) Every pillar foliage-bound. (») With candle, with book, and with knell. ' 2. Parse and analyze stanza 7. 3. Reproduce the substance of "Rosabelle" under the follow- ing heads: (1) The first speaker's request, witli the reasons (2) The answer, with the reasons. {;J) Tlie strange appearance of Roslin Castle. (4) The fate of Rosabelle. 4. Commit this poem to menjory. A BRAVE SAILOR. Consterna'tion, greatest alarm. Distraot'ed, with confused and troubled tliougiits. Inter'minable, endleas. Tattooed', marked hy punctuns on the gkin, Into which color- ing matter is rublMvl, 1. In the morning t!,o wind had Inllod a little; but the sea, having upon it the additional agitation of the whole night, was infinitely more terrific than it had been on th<' day before ; the height to which the breakers rose. .1 1,...!.: vCf Ojic aaotnc-i) i»vic ui'iu auoiher down, . «4 p i '5 I 266 FIFTH READER. and rolled iu, in interminable liosts, was most ai)- palling. In the \ s 272 FIFTH READER, fwer even tho gtrongest edifices in the city are shatt* ed. Nothing stands. Ft is a kind of proverb in St. Pet«i-{J biiix that the city has to be rebuilt every year. 4. " If St. Petei-sburg were not constantly rebuilt," says the Mirquis de Custin^ a Fren<». traveller, "it is certain that in a few years — in le« time, perhaps, than was needed to redaiin it from the marsh — (lie marsh would take the place of the city. The Russian workmen pass their life in repairing in the summer-time what the winter has destroyed ; nothing can resist the if Htu-nce of this climate; the buildings, even those which look oldest, were really rebuilt but yestenlay." 8. The longest day of the year lasts nearly nineteen hours, and tlie twilight melts into the dawn with undis- tinguishable gradations. Tlu-re is no real night at this season. Midnight is but a Sviftened continuation of •the day; and when the beams of the full moor, mingle with the lingering daylight, the clear water ol the river, the lofty palaces, th( gilded domes, and the splendid granite quays are clothed in a garment of v cird light, which invests them with a beauty such as is seen in no other part of the world. 6. The impression produced by th • first view of St. Petersburg is that of the grandiose and the colossal. In no capital in Europe are there so many large buildings, and such long, regularly laid out streets. It has not the look of a Russian city, — like Moscow or Kiev. It is rather an architectm-al mixture of all styles, of everv order, borrowed from every country in Europe at the most different stages of growth. The buildings, many of which are profusely gilded externally, glitter in the sun with an effect surprising to those who view it for the first time, 7. The contrasts within the city are liattc ml. . Petei's- . 4. " If says tho I certain hail was »h would iil'tl pUHS hftt tho ' Huonce ich look lineteen li undiM- t at this itioii of mingle le river, l»lt'ndid rl light, n in no ' of St. isal. In ildings, not tiie It is ■ every at the , many in the >■ it for ty are (JHHA-r 'f TIES. -ST. Pl!TKRSBUR<:. 278 .nodern fomiH, but tl„ ,1,.c«k.„ of the Oriental an.l the u.ul the Enfihshnmn. 'I .ontrast i„ ,le„Mty of ,„.„u lau„n ,« also very jova, The north »i.le of th, eitv :• comparatively e,n|,.y, th. «.,uth »i,le i, n« liv,.|y ,„ lion- on or lanH n the long, wi,le street, of th.. north mde,l me,l wth o.ty, lifelo,, ,,al,,„,., a .\u.l ,lro«,.|,kv may be seen, like a small boat on the hi«i, s..a«, whilv in .he , ,-tance a|.| an an ,„.,.a,i„nal fo,., ,„,«.,,,,„,, H Ihe stivets are lo„^., wl.lc, an,l border.,! will, l,7fiv •".M.i.K». The N-evsU l-r„s,„.kt_a nan,.. „ i.', ".-»"« A^«.« 17, !, „ea,ly three n>il..» |on„, :„„ annit sixty jar.l» A. The nn.nber of aUtants, ho".l,'l, very gr..a. ;unn„„tlns to over s..ve„ h>n„l,-,.d ";""'""• "* ''"«."'■'■ ''>■ ' "•••"'" "' l-'-<'l'"rti".. to the < Ment ot jfi-oiniil covered by the city. ». The in,.rease .,f popniation In .St. I'elersbnrK h,-,« aken p la... with ™, rable rapi.lity, .l,o,.„h no. .., fast as that „f .o,„ or l-aris. In ,7.-,.), .here w.. ^ ..W «,.v,.ntv.hve Ihonsa. .habitants; h, IW)4, m„ i.„. The ai.n.ml n.o..ality ,s higher than that of any other .own In Knrope; it reaches the number of f.,rty-fo„r peiNoiis ... eve,.y thousand. One curious feature in this Iimrtal- .ly IS, that It IS greatest iu the «u.e of ,H>ople from the age of twenty to twenty-Sve. At that age, one hun- o.a o^t™"'' ' ' """'^ """"•■'"''' ""*' '' "^ '"'y- »'''• 1.. As has been said, the b,ii|,li„gs of St. Petersburg are remarkable for their si.e. The Admiralty is th^ ir»S'^<.^ uuiwing, and it alone is nearly half a mile long. i I i MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART (ANSI and ISO TESf CHART No. 2) 1.0 I.I 1.25 Li Iks GIUU [2S 3.2 14.0 1.4 2.5 III 2.2 1 2.0 L8 1.6 ^ APPLIED IIVHGE inc 1653 East Main Street Rochester, New York 1460° (716) 482 - 0300- Phone (716) 288- 5989 -Fax USA r' I {. if ... H. . I i; ■ 11^ . '' / V'Hlt 274 FIFTH READER. mti mi in»-- f • ■|l|~|yi ■g^| Sut' *'* ORE A T CITIES. _ sr. PETERSBURG. 275 residence of thp P^o.. f . '^''^' ^ — t'"' tl>e. lives of ,lo,; n* ,rf ,"*-r" ''""^•' ''"' '' '"«' St. Isaac is tl e I ^ . ""^'''f , ''" '"'"^' '•'""•"'' "f ■nodel of tl,e areliitoot » k ,h . 1 .;'""' '"" '^^ The exterior i, l,„l , f i • , , """'^'"". "t Komc. ~.";ir; ; : ^irz'ts™ «"■"•■ ■■•■■■ the branches of the Ncvn ! •"'" ■'*'l'"™t<^'' l>v «o„e, and nin.te,", of t,? *'"'''^""' "' '^'''^^ are of un!ntere:ti';.:""lta':\'''"?';"^ '^ '""""">""'- "'"l I7/10 , '"=• 't was toiindef] by Peter tl„. r<„ * • 1703, and proclaimed a, the capiL in 7, t '" not possess tlu- ancient and varied htto"v of T / """■' themtenseiy interesting dra.natic storv/f P ^'f""^"V' never stood sio^es or hep„ ,(, ! T^ ^"''"'- ' '■ '>••'« from within S Th "„ '"•:'':i'™«'' »■'"' i"«"Tectior,s Everyfe.yea;\hTs^iferv::;^r,i?r*r^^™- an inundation. This event „'! / '' ""'^ <""'^<'« spring. The ice berinr, T- '•'«i'""'"y "ecnrs in :* re «:r, :r::!!,r^-"."^ *on.dVevai5Xat: "" —" ^re neaped up. Then the waters m II PI PI 276 J^rPTII READER. 16. In some nart. nf fi Tf'^"?^ '^ ^^^^ consequence. speed of their hor^P« f^ +1, r'."^;"'^^'^^^' a^^ the utmost I i I'ucii iiorses, to the Iiiirhor nm-fo r.^? +k .^ The most terrible of thesf. Jnn^ 1 !• ^ ^^''^ *'*'''"• and in 1824 T^n. 1 "'""^^'''t'O"^ occurred in 1777 . in 15^4. But almost everv ^nrJnn- d i^ wind rn-Avon fi -^ '^l^J'tti?, should a west JSr"-'- ^'"^ " «">■"■""■ "' P-.^p,„ e to ,0, 2. Write a short paper on "St PetPr<*hnr„>' f summary. * etersburg from your own •3. Explain the following sentences nn^i ^1 synonyms for tlie italicized word ml n / ^ '^'''' ^"^ ^'''' ■strongest edifices are slmlered b!\t ''"'?^^'''^' ^^^ ^h. (3) To reclaim it from lel^^r h ^4 T^r -r^^ '' ^'^^ "■^•^• the dawn with undisUmnH.hnl, ^J ® ^"^^^hght melts into buildings are;ro;t;ii^l^^^^^^^^^^^^ (f ) Many of the Petersburg is monotonom. (9)^rhfgr;at SJ, ^ f ^"^ °^ ^'• «»^rp/M« waters. (lO) Inundation^ (u\ fv. ^f "^'^''g« their selves to the higher pirts of fheZn ^ ^ ^''^ '^^'"^ "^^"^- 4. Parse all the wonls in tho f^u^ • position of the city forms a rem.rthr"^''"^"^"= "^he Naples." ^ ^ remarkable contrast with that of 5. Analyze the following sentence:- " ^h^r*" Vv!f'' ^'^""' *^«"^»' "^y P^tb WHS rough The oy w,thin me dallied with disEress ; ^ ' And all misfortunes were but as the stuff Whence fancy made n.e dreams of happi„eM " ige into thfe insequence. ions are so eing given, irt without the utmost ' the town. •Gfl in 1777 uld a west St. Peters- St niouji^ , ral nigfits faces, and ' direction hs 6 to 10, J your ow n , and give T. (2)Tli,' of the ice. melts into any of tlie nual mor- tory of St. large their i^ke them- e: "The h that of THE SUEZ CANAL. 277 (root flu, sten Z fpmir'l rre ; 'T'^' '°"»'-^"^' ' ««- /«ne ,• w/eas -mH nlf .^^^'''' ^^''' ^''^ Js: -'""""" ""'"^'^ "- "-"» - each ofrVo„„„,„, beautiful wonderful fearful fated destructive splendid niarvellous terrible destined disastrous residence inagulficent event • Chii/, etc. * Algo, alow, etc. dwelling gorgeous occurrence - Mo-nth, etc. * Batch, etc. /ovely Strange atvful doomed fatal home brilliant accident » Dawn, etc. THE SUEZ CANAL. Abattoir', slaughter-house. From Fr. «/>«/^-e, to knock down. Bazaa?' (a Persian word), an open- air market for all kinds of goods. Caf 6s, coffee-houses. Concrete', compounded. From Lat. con, together, and ereseo (crefum), I grow. Cognate; Accretion. I^epres'aion, hollow. From Lat. fie, down, ami n><<»»^ / . 1 press. Cognates: Press, ' pressure ; impress, e,^>resa, com- press, etc. Dimen'sions, measurements. From I^t. dis, apart, and metu>r {mmsus), I measure. Cognates : Mete, metage (the measurement of coal) Excavat'ed, dug or hollowed oufr Fro.n Lat. ex, out, and cava, J uollow, Per'tilizing:, making f,.„{tfu< I'lum Lat. Zero, I bear. Cog- nate: Fertility. "i 278 FIFTH HEADER. lu, Involv'infl-, requiring. Prom Lat. involvo, I roll or wrap In. Cognates: lu.jhuion; revolve; revolution, Max'imum (a Latin word), great- est. The opposite is mmi/nww. Mole, a largo mass of mas6n. work, generally for the pur- pose of a breakwater. From I^at. mole8, a mass. Plateau' (a French word), table- land. From Gr. platys, flat. Cognates: Plot, plate, pint- form, platitude. Quays, wharfs for the loading and unloading of vessels. He'cently, lately. From Lat. recens, fiesh. Subsid'iary, aiding or assisting. From Lat. mimilium, help. Unpre'oedenfed, n ,t known or experienced before. From Ki'g. uu, not, and Lat. jn-e, before, and cedo, I go. ™.d which separate, theltt H CLr ^f hough so recently forme,], it has a population otvctl :o.t:;ti'r; *•-?>>"•'"■■ -"ouaLr:,;!^ oibtiucting two piers, or moles, the one a mile •,„,] I a'f, and the other a mile and a quarter long onnt^of 1 mge b ockB of conereto, or artificill stone. tI e en 'jd •Ilea, 500 acres m extent, has been dredged to a dent h »uH,c,ent for large merch.ant-ships. ,. B^ns and aI^ are connected with this harbor and t^ k . ' -nal itself, just 100 miles Ing' For tW fifth!"? T m ::eL^aSon:fi;:i: : irfe":;::L^Lr r »..rface, with the same bottom «Stha„ I go. of the canal a strip of izaleh. Al- ii of several basins, and part very ed only by •nile and a I formed of le enclosed to a depth and docks begins the ths of the 'ace of the feet deep, the water 'naxinium has been lieir slope ay. 3. To ^00 cubic ated, and t^ fudging I power, stone. THE SUEZ CANAL. o.^ has been needed in the work Th« . . banks a little abovTand bein .?''' "^ '^'^ ^^"P^"^ P^,^^-______^^^^^^^^ the water level is '" " PJ'otected by rough stone i)itching, to I'esist the action of waves caused by passing steamers. 4. On leaving Port Said the '^ canal passes, by means of high embank- ments, through about thirty miles of a shallow swamp, called Lake Men' zaleh. Then comes the Kantara cut- ting, three miles through hillocks of sand. This ends at Lake Ballah, a kind of salt marsh, through which the canal runs about nine miles, with side embankments, ^ext to this comes a portion of pla. teau, eight miles long, in some jiarts of which, near E] Girsch, the canal 90 feet in hard sand. MAP 8H0WIXO SUEZ CANAL. had to be dug to the depth of an mimei «b'. 'auor wiiere tlie width of the 280 FIFTH HEADER. m W' ' Iff i canal is so great. 5. Then we come to the central part ot the canal, I.ako Teinsah, where, just about fifty miles from each end, is the new and flourishing town ot IsmaYha, provided with streets, roads, merchai.tN' offices, banks, hotels, caf^s, villas, a lloman Catholic chapel for the French inhabitants, a Mohammedan mosque for the Egyptian ano/'«//c*«., 'Struct); cava A hoUoi (root cav stern' "l''^ ^''^^^ ^^'•«' ^t^-" «<«, stem «^«/). foot^a^stem ca.aO; «' it m 282 Oordlal'ity, heartinesH, Bisas^ter, seo page 271. Eleva'tion of spir'it.'a state of mind raised above Its ordinary level. •' Esplanade', a level place for walking or dancing on. Plag'on, a narrow-necked drink- ing vessel. Oeneal'ogy of, the tracing of one's ancestors (here used metaphorically for deacend- anta). FWTH READER. CONTENTMENT. Illit'erate, unlettered or without learning. Invest' myself with the ohar'- acter, put uiy«elf in the place and position of. Len'til, a plant allied to the pea aud bean. Predate, a bishop or archbishop. Prevailed' upon', succeeded In persuading. Sabots' (pronounced «a6a), wooden shoes. Tes'timony, mark or sign. W th,.ow„ awa, the ^.^ZZVll^rTZ higher, wh?„, oii^/!: al;;;;— idt, '^ ""■" ho^e Io.t a second shoe, and LT^ffM-^^ [^ foot. I then got out of the chaise in good IrnoT and seemg a house about a quarter of a ^e toUe ft Sioi' : tr;\o u ' It \ T f r "- ^ zr:i :* ^"'"' ""<• "•"^•^ »» «>« hou" o'n ; '"de^^ was a i.,tchen garden, of an acre and a half full of everv t<"..g that could n,ake plent, ■„ a FreLh peasant^ CONTENTMENT, Bd or without ocket. lorse our the shoe postilion r in the 1, I sub- f a mile he poor er fore- iarnest ; the left )on the Lise and recon- ihouse, nearly le side, eveiy- asant'« of an old, gmy.h,.,i,|,,l m. . ■ , ' ''"'"'^ «'n»i»ted six sons and s.Cintt 'n d '^1 ' " '"' "'"' "^^ °^ joyou. geneaiog/jr^g™ , ;:j;:;,r"'-:;!,-™»- -' » sitting down togeti.er to th.i I-, '" """'^^ •••" I took my l-K-^eTkc a ror,hS"""^r'' ""^ """'• «" myself with the ehara^t r 1 ",";'^' "'"' '» '"vest instantly bo„„;ed t" Id mt-Tr ;'^ ^ ' <""""■ ^ the loaf, cut n,yse.f a 1";^ i "td't'f '."f "" I saw a testimony in evei-v J., „ ,' , f ' ''"^ '»> welcome, butof a welcomlnr*! u"",'^ "' ••"' ''»'"'«' not seemed to dolbt " ' -^^t;! ^ l^-^' '^at I had Nature, what else it was-tr^ ' ^ .~°'" '"" '"''• sweet? and to what,, It 7^7 ^'^^ ""' "'"'■'el so I took Of .heiX:rsto d'eSirt^r'' re,r^ms ..pon my palate to this hour " *' *'" ''''™' JHetahJX^rraS^^^^^^^^^^^ to tie up thefr hah and Z '"'" " '""''' "P"^""™' wash thL facesI'dXn'^ Sirs.':„t-''T ^'^ m.n>.tes every sou, was re'ady. n:,r'':^re;"lal: house, to begin. The old man anri u:„ "iO VViiU .p^ •2H4 Finn Hb:,ii}ER. ' ■""« "lit lust, il,,,!, |,|,,oi„s; ,ne bet-.j„, ,. „ . , "l-n H «.fa of „„f 1 V ,|„. d„„r .'n . ?' *'.''""'" Iii» 'Hilior v.,,,,, I •„ r h'"•'"' " """" way; a,„l that all hi, 11^0^ ^^Jf '';'''"''■''*'''"' after supper was over „ e,l ° ,,/""'"' " » "'I'', ai.^ rejoiTe. believing, he ,. id h'.t "/■"'"{ '° ''"'"•<-' tented n.ind was thc'bes o U,f i ■ ^^ '^ , "" T'" •••" illiterate peasant could nay "o . . "''r™,"'^ either," said I. '^' "' " 'e^^'ed prelate, Sterne. Composition. — Write a ^im,* .♦ from the following summary Ta?'^ ,f ""' Contentment road in the South TrZle and l/sT " •' '"^'"^ ^'^"^ *" enters a small farm housramHs i I ^/T " ^'*'"'^- ^^^ «« supper the whole fan.i ^^"0' an h/', T^f ''• ^- ^"«^ ;''em. 4. TheoldmantJllsltmvdJr,^^^^^^^^^^ ^« lar custom every eveninrr;;;;i:;^;£;:^f ^^^^ That one reconciled me to the disaster /I hm'' rf'f ^^ ^''*^ ''«»«« «oon Wherewithal to dress T (4) Tl ere wl! • '' """' '"'"'^^-^ grandchildren. (5) The oil Ln ? . ^"'y*'"' genealogy of ity. (6) I saw in evi y el ft" ,;'''^^ T '''^''''^^ ^^^dial- old man had been no „!ea„ ifprinr^ ""^ '''^'^"^«- ^7) The contented mind is the heTs^ort' fZ^ " ^^^ ^^'^ ^8) A yf »n, sat down I man had in '»• upon the 'hcd it well >w and then hen joining andthildren ancc, when, •In they ail tinguish an iH the cause an, as soon « I' constant t« it a rule, y to dance 1 and con- eaven that 3d prelate, Stemc. A voY,un. HovNn tiik wouuk ,.«., 2. Pai-se all thi» wonls «n n.-^ / n ' ^"»'yz« t"« above s.-ntencc. -t 'X/:r,ir',!r 1''"' ^"i"™'-* -*«•■ -"-. <-. 3. Selec from I ^ nr.?, ' " ' '\ '"""' *""•■ yeaii, millennium (a space ,fnMn. ^ ^"'" ''"'"""'' '^•*' «iv«' in the same way { ,n V L. '"•' •''•'''•^'' '-^"'l <"^'^'->*- vm, lue Idea of f,o,(.si' and rmc. If TENTMENT ng along a d- (2) He • 3. After -r plays to tJieir regu- ) That one liouse soon furnished lealogy of ul cordlal- (7) The ir. (8) A if A VOYAGE lUJV Vau Anni'hilated. utterly destn.ve,! ^><>"i Lat. »„Ai/, nothing. Bewril/dered, perplexed, m lost in a wiUJernesn. Bombard', to throw hombH at Cai'tiff, rascally. (The wor.l is really a N. Pr. form of the word captive. It was applied to those who gave themselves up in battle too easily, and without hard fighting.) Cur'rants, small dried fruit. (The word is a corruption of CoHnth, which orlgiually ex- ported them.) iVD TIIK WORLD. r II. Cyc'lades. from the (ir. k„k-los, a circle. (The same word gives nicle, and eun/rtimf =a circu- >ar letter.) Dey a Turkish word which means J'terally uncle by the mother's side. Then governor. Geom'etry, the science of the relations of space. (Lit-rally It means earth-meastiring, from the Gr. ge, the earth, and metro, I measure.) Hal/oyon, calm, happy, (m Greek }1 ^^/^'^^'-^^ being sup. HI i;uscu Uiai iiitj n^g was calm '-»'■ k 286 J'fFTl/ READER. when the kingfisher was brood- Hespe'ria. from the Gr.//..;,err,., the evening star. (When Hes- eros became the morning star it was called Phospho^-os, the ght-br,nger. To the Greeks Italy Itself was ^e«y,en«, be- cause it lay M-est of them.) Hi'eroglyphs, see page 181. Memo'rials. reminders, things to keep up the /Hmory of Phoe'nix, a fabulous bird, the only «ne of its kind ; it lived five hundred years and then burned Itself, a young one arising from the ashes. Hence, the phce- »ax is often used as a symbol of immortality. Piracy, acting a,s a r irate, or sea- robber. Plateau', see page 277. Bealm. the real or royat domain (/^mnstheN.Fr.of the word royal or regal,- and it was in i "'f "^J^ century also an Eng- lish word.) Belul/gent, shining. From Lat. Juff/ere, to shine. Sier'ra, the Spanish name for a mountain range. It is a form of the Latin word mra, a saw because the jagged edge of a mountain range looks like a saw against the blue sky. Type, kind or model. Typhoons', terrible storms mov- ing m a circle, frequent in the Chinese seas. (Tht „«„,« comes from Typhon, a giant of an- cieut Greek fable.) Yard'-arm, the arm, t.r end of the yard, which crosses, the masts at right angles. oircUd island.) lie in i,',' ; ,, ^'"' 'T ^^'"'•'"'•"^ ("'• Sea. The seas n I'i ' S^ ^^ ""'"■ "^ *'"' ^g^au They are but dead seas of man. ^ol the Eastern CycJades, Phoemx nests, and halcyon seas; iJut I tarry not with these. «o„e<,, a„d whiXr ,:r4Ta. e1Ve;t^o,r'T i-he savage of Australia are tL Weaf ^"pe";':;'- or royal domain Fr. of the word '»• and it was In "•y also an Eng- '••g. From Lat. e, 'iHli name for a ?• It is a form )rd serra, a saw, gged edge of a e looks like a Wue sky. el. le storms mov- fn-quent in tlie Jit name comes «• giant of an- e.) 1, cr cntl of the !se& tlje masts 'rju' j)0('t tlio south clades (or he ^geaii es lie are 'Y are vis- islands, iy men- Holland. of man ^ VOYAGE ROlUm THE WORLD. 287 J' 1 miigal, and have the two Indian Tr,.i:o the government of L? , ?*^''"**'*' ^^" ^''^P^'t'-^l of of ImlL " ?/ ^'''''' ^"^ ^^^^^ «^'«^t of the Vicerov ot India, 18 often ca led the "Pitv nf P,i ,, ri?^ ceded it in CC ^^ government that pro- nightingale Li^ W TTh, , L' Tr""^ "' "f' '"« only oTg t roit'ri^ rr'^"i; ^'"" ^-"-^ ^'"> sweet perfumes are often waftJT.? 1 ! '''"'^' odo. from "Arabythe bles "lavTbel w' T' many centuries. ^^^ ^^^"« ^<>r 288 PIFTH READER. life ! III.' • ,. f! ii ?y t^e Gulf of Persia sail, Where the true-love nightingale Woos the rose in every vale. Though Arabia charge the breeze With the mcense of her trees, On we press o'er southern seas. hoM S' PotT ^r^ " ^"^^^* ^f ^^- -y--^! house. ^^i^2Z±!fr* ^" ^^^^ ^^th three vessels to TABLE MOUKIAIN, CAP! OP GOOD 1„, PR e.^plore Southern Africa. H<, came in sight of TM, t he or 'fe 'il'' '"'' ^"^'"-^'" -""-so.! thetre K) ine Uijw ot Good Hopt, — a name of better anirurv Anothor Portugnese, Vn.co de Ga„,n, was the Z ? ' double th,s cape, -a fe.t thac he performed in H97! VOYAGE ROUNn THE WORLD. !e *oyal house- 36 vessels to of Tabk 'mentoso. the nr.me • a"gury. 3 first to in 1497. 289 Commanding Table Biv .m.i n n, rugged ..n^Ja'r^!Cl,^r s ""?• ''='"''' ""-' cloud lies rolled upon "r ", .'"aT^r^l""' eall such a cloud "the table-cloi, ■• , tr ""^T northwest, up tlirou..h t\u"Z,l . ; ^"''"'S '" ">e at St. He enV for ,:l ^''" ^"■™"''' *'-' '«"«'' Napoleon tI ,i , •''""'' ""= ''"»"■' "' «'« i?.-eat known willow f pop h;« k ? ^ ' ''"'^ ""^^^^ •'^ wet- back to f;;^^^^^ it --^ brought ance, m 1840, m the reign of Louis Philippe. Cape of Storms, tliy spectre 's fled And the angel Hope, Instead, ' Lights from heaven upon thy head. Lonely monarch of the wave, Chosen St. Helena, gave To resting warrior a grave. I l^lmost opposite lies the slave-coast of Afrion T , hckers m human beino-s ^hJ^fl,. t^ . ^^'^^- centuries carried on Sl^'vSs JI^'T rT/"' regards slave-dealing as piracy and .^' '"'' every man of the crw „f T^' ,, ""P'*'" »'"' at the yard-arm if crtu-edT", ""^^ 1'': '"""«-' Great Britain keeps a sin 'fle.T f '^ '^" *'''^*'-' stantly upon this coLt '"' "^ """-°^-^'"- <""" ci:afti:!'"ihei:\^rGi!:'rr """"^ *: '"^ ^«'« ^^ Ceuta, on the Af dean 1 '""''r """^ "•« mountain of travels of this 11 XtTT" " ^ '"^"<'™'l ""''■ "-e that he had p afed nilh , T '""' ™'^'^'' ''<"^«' ="'o«tro;;;r;,::':tS:t ,tr-^ ^-^ t- rr- — ^^ ^ ^ °®^^ and many public THE Nri.E AND PYBAMID8. l>iiildings, and forced tlie Dpv ,rf di • the demands of Britain Tl^i? P"''^ '" ''g'oe »» of Algeriain 1830, and since t^'!^'' "^^ P'^^^'^ion gradually risi, , i„' weal h a^,d V" """"*'^ ''«« "^een farther east ! and we an, roachtl e ''T '" ^''^»' »"" "nd the ancient land Kl a""''"*""''' Nile" two languages,-:"' ^ritfX tht"™' ^^^' "'"' spoken by the peonle Th " ■ P"''"*"' *« "tier J' people, ihe written charaotera (or mi ' it one coasts of ^JgitTH, the Btice of lioJd- own in 1816 y for seven Many pubJic agree to ossesf^ion has been ^ast, and Id Kile" ypt had le other ;ers (or A VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD. 291 WeTi'rphf'""^ '""'""'■''^ "^y «>« P"-'« -re called Mark the dens Of caitiff Moors: Ha the pirates seize tlieir oars, - *iy the desecrated shores! %ypt's hieroglyphic realm left to himelf wiTif'"' "'''■'= ^"'t''"' '''ho, whe., slave can become ^J'?"' '^'™"''"" ""'' ^'^'^l'""-' » %ypta.etheX\™ftLX::^L'T%"f"^'' '" ot the longest river. i„ thewoM It iAtf T"" factor of Ec^vnt On„ „f •. i " '* ""e '™e bene- year spread o"; le'ac'e of t "i r'"""«»»-very i-^ing the soil, and eLb "g tlt:^Z X"""'^' 'r"" to be raised whevo ^n,„ • "f '"I""" "<^e'i"d wheat sand. » tL Cm r'w *'"'^'™"'<' ''« ""'X ''"'Ten ders of the wc^-lZ Tht ' ""'' ^'^ "'"<"'- «'« '-"''- lower part 7l eoTm'rv " tT"?,'"' "'? '"" '"^'^ *« most famouH. TheXS't J/Z, ^ "^"' "" *^ inches high, was the f, , Iht'tf Ph" " "'" '"'' ^ as the Nifelv /yf/'^r™ land-s„rveyi„g ; J, removed all landVa k ', tL fie Id," and 2; Tt'1' measured over again. ' '^ '""' '*> ^ .^-.^^ ««vv w iiie nortn, we come to Syria and 'Ml 392 if '^'' 1^- PiFTH READER. ■m «ie Levant. T],e ancient glories of Tn^nV, ^ Jerusalem is a poor town of '4 OOof l tf '' ^'P*^^^' whom are MoI.ammedZ ITIk "'^^^^^^^"ts, half of tians, Greece isrtt^Su.^^ Ttt'^l S^'^^^" nno, m 1827, when the combined bT L 1^^^"" Russian fleets annihil-itPrl f), "^V "''"' ^^^"^h, and %ypt, nmteriallThe ed Gro!!;:;?" ?' '''"'"'y ""<» cn,el yoke of Turkey ,«r ^ " '"'** ^"" ''"'« awaken the anoi „ L;,. ' ^.V'"' *"''"■'' """this would ^ages and poete » iT f"//"*'^''''' ''""^ '"«'k the old i^ing power, of Eu>™« V '? """""-y »"« °f *''« «ivil- trading communTtv ' f : '■" ^'' *'' '^ °"'y » «nall but Jo thj:^'! ii.rrruruivii'^'^' "^-^-^ Jiidah's cities are forlorn, Lebanon and Carniel shorn, ^lon trampled down m'UIi scorn Wee, a wind, is on the ui„ff land ofi^rit ;^5r.T '" ^n* "' ''" "-y geographical e.prll '-^''t , Tnlf' ^ "'".""'^ ^ t.vrau„iea. kings, grand-duke and d, k'eaTn if "1 ''^ held then- power by the help of Aus rfa 1° T hcgmujng of l^'^Q \ro„„i, ' ^"sma. Jim m the should befreei, -^ri,™ f"\ '^'^-''''^'''^ that Italy theally of thepLmont J'' " '^' ^'^""'''' ""d, as 18. Venetia was the h^t nn,.f7 T I ^'' *^ ^^^ ^^st. -ited in 1866, "hen^ 1^0^/^^^^^ When Italy is spoked':/" *'' """"'^ "^^ "^^--y ""^ are departed, itants, half of W's and Chris- ^ttle of Nava- French, and Turkey and '•self fro, n the at this would Ijack the old ' of the civil- only a small ief product ; the lovely was only a 8 ruled by I of whom 3ut in the that Italy c; and, as ^h hattlK > the east, untry was ell before names of 3very one ^ yoVAGE HOUMD THE WORLD. .93 Italy, fhy beauties shroud Jn a gorgeous evening cloud; ihyi^fuJgenthead is bowed- iet where Koman genius reiffns Ko,nan blood m..,^ vvann tbe^veins- ThoR . xr ^^"' '''''''''' toyourchans. I he May of Naples ~ with Moi.nt \t • . down upon it -is said to bo /h ,'"'"'' '""'^''"•^^ "See Naples, and Z " I tK '^"^'"'^ "^ ^^'^' ^•^»''''- I '««, ana die, is the country proverb. horizon. A land of hil It ' «" "f'V""'"' •"' "'« Bno^-capped .sierras, ^ct^ el; "v^'l ' ''"•" '''='""' ties, splendid Moorish^uiSr and T'k,™''''^"' '"'^ attracts the traveller as ZTf ? P"'''"' "'"'■''''' '' its present stranr^nd ZTa J "' P"'' '^'*'»'-y ••"' ^ bids Spain "gr:;" e:!:,^'^^ :;''.':!f, The poet, wh^ wrote when the armies otlCtlt " ^'^^ ^''>^''' r el,^sr '-_.-. -^^^^^^^^^^^ III 294 /•V/'/V/ UEAbEH. \% i jt, !,' W ;i. I .; 1811, and, .stroke foUou- ing upon stroke, he Ix^jit back the French across the Pyrenees and freed the whole Peninsula. Feudal reahn of old romance, Spain, thy lofty front ad- vance, Grasp thy shield and couch thy lance. At the fire-flash of thine eye Giant Bigotry shall fly; At thy voice, Oppression die. Lusitania, from the dust, Shake thy locks; thy cause is just; Strike for freedom, strike and trust; i;j' ' 295 -V>\: W^ NIGHT. How beautiful is ni^ht f \r. rr.' ? r^ f'-eshness fills the silent air • No mist obscures, nor eln,..7 ? ' «, noi cloud, nor sj)eck, nor stiii. Breaks the serene of heaven • ' Ro 1st'' ^'P ^'^"^^-- -oonlivine V '"fV^' dark blue depths Beneath her steady ray Tit ,J^^ ^"'"'^ «^r«^e spreads Like the round ocean, girdled with the sky : How beautiful is night ! liobert Southey, 1774-1843. s'.wrsranJd^tincLss"'' ''''"' '^°"^^ '^^ ^^^^ ^^"^ great Commit this poem to memory. ' 'I? j 296 t'IPTll READER. [*( m THE GENTLEMAN. sons, or omnion« ^.. . • stivile, either on per- truth an7 "7 Lee ThT'T; "^^""" "™ '-' "^ benevolence l!r , « "''^ '''"""'•■^ g"od-nat,.re or the lame plo" driv™ r '"'™ "'"''^ "' ^"■'^''»h' ['aupt,! ujiven by overseopH fi.rw»v, ♦ . town, even thp rw^«,. • 'veisttis riom town to feel the nob e "ept" r''^™"' "^ ""•" »- ~. -ch n.a.etLtt^'ZrL-:;- - » "-" " Look! he that is most virtuous alway, Abroad and home, and most intendelh aye To do the gentle actions that he can, rake him for the greatest gentleman." Chaucer. BATTLE OF WATERLOO. June 18, 1815. Assail'ants, persons attacking. From Low Lat. msalire, for Lat. assilire, to leap against. Concen'trated, massed together. Oon'vex, bulging out, tlie oppo- site of concave, which means hoUmp. Deci'aive, complete, producing an end. An adjecUve from decide, which comes from Lat. decido, decisum, decidere, to cut olT. Deploy, to extend in line. From Fr. deployer, to unfold. Dispers'in*, routing and scatter- ing. Expelled^ driven out. From Lat. ex, out of, and pello. I ^A TTLE Of WA TEHLOO. of his own 8 behavior, ber on j)or- his fact of 1-natiire or less anvlHxlv? }. the j)oor f EniriijHli, town to 1' woman, and voiu' iness? to h a voice Chaucer. from Lat. cidere, to ™e. From Id. d scatter- From I pello. I ""», Homething made up. ' Force (in a mllifary senne), take. * u'Kitivea. runaways. From Ut fityio. I Hee. Impetuos'ity, fury. From Lat. iinpe/us, an attack. Inoes'sant, never ceasing. From i-at. in, not, and rc«w, I cease or stop. Intrepid'ity, fearlessness. From J--it. jw, not, an.l trrpi^u., fearful. ' Mask (in a military sense), to sur- rouml and so render useless for tlie time beinjj. Op'erate a diver'sion. attack tlie enemy in a ditrercnt placo and so f//wnii8 attention. ' Preoip^tate, throw headlong 297 Piwm Ut. ,»^, before, «„,, '•«/'"/. the head. Reinforced', strengthened by the •iddition of. Hepelled', drove back. From Lat '•''.back.andyW/o, luriv... Betrieve'. n.ake up for losses, ,. » in back. Sal'lied, rushed forth. From Lat ««/»/«?, to leap. Connected with assail, unsnllnnt, etc. Saour'inK, n.aking sure of. From l^it. xvntrua, free from care. SeK'ment, a portion (cut off) From Lat. s,'cn, \ cut. Spike, to drive a nail into the touch-hole. Took the advance', led the way. Transferred', carried to another place From Lat. /m«.v, across, and/cro, I carry. Vet'erans, old sol.liers. From Lat. vetm (veterh), old. Hence also iHvetcrafe. acton bemn with . , """""' "ml ilwisive ■' oegan with i, cannonade on the mrt „f .i French, which was instantly followell, , I '," commanded by Jeron.e, on the adCld , ' , .^ ,'"■'' mont. The troops of Nass-i,, JJT ' , """■-"• ronnd the chateau, wle iv ont t h"?.''''',"' "'" "'""' the ..n.ost effonsW t,:t:;;,:;rwt' :,; ;;:':f,: '"'• the house, garden and Uv,v. ^a; *'^^\^;"i'^L>'t? to Unva guards held with ^o 1 d^'n "''""'' " '""''^ "' "•<■' French redoubled i effonHnd ^ "'■'^:''"'^ '"'" ""'"""■"° **' '"'' P"'"* by the wclMirected'fire"of 'tie P fl m 298 PrFTn READEH. ' ''a™lry ; t>.e French l^ cTr 1 "b:V o, ':r"''"' ^"""' ''" wi.ere they were nrote?t„l K ?l •*'"'"' "*" I^^'tio". four colnnfn, o ^C^ t .,nir ''' ""l'"''^- ^- ''''- attack, forced thei,- wavfm ' "7 '""''^'"' '" ""' »'"»« Haye Sainte, a, , dllrl" ' J'7."'''' ""^ ''■"•"' »'' ^^^ in the act « ertabl Lh .^ ,! ■^"''" '"'■'^''""•"t' were the British nositior «Z '""^^'>«« i" the centre of brigade of (1,^1^, """-^ ""■'•"■■ '■"tacked by the >ine by Gener,' Pi^: ' whilf"!;":,/''"'" ''''''""' atti.e™on.e^;twhort^^rchrdrth;«fr:^ 't?r, enabJed 80 to FliaHk ♦^'ith rheir gilt, which ' was iriiM's. 'ifhiT siih'. ♦'»e iiiitish '^ugoujoiit, >}■ Colonel ? bocome ch attack vas niaiie with tho it're iiiado >iurmia of took tlio Jst intre- »ey were cavalry; 'f'iiit, till position, 4. The he same m of La •t, were ^Mitro of by the second time, a u their n flank iire of I BATTLE OF WATERLOO. 299 the musketry. The results were decisiv, Thn 17 u columns were broken with ^^^^ «»v. The French eagles, with n o.t liT Lrfh """^T'^ ''^ *^- captured. The Ut J;; , ^r^'ff' ' 'T"' ,"^'-^ Brussels. "^ ^^ instantly to «• About this period the French mide tl. ,., i retained this ,,o,i |V„. s„m/ti, t t '""'■'' driven out .V it by «|,elir s .', / ^' "'''''' "' '»«» -no „f c.„«i/i^,,K t^ittTir- genery .ittack of i.\.. . u , "g"^) where a or Ix'twofn that n,„l .1 ' "'■""''> riffht, fire of thirty i :,':': ;";.'" ''7'''V'?' ""^ <•"■"'»»<•'' were served, to retreat within !""'"> "'""" "'^y enemy had no means „lever"f ^„ZT '' '""' even of spikin.' them on,!. ""-''""« ""' K>'"», nor the Britii;. :nm:yC:\m7il '"■".';"•"' '""'"•"' refuge, again man.fed ^h^r "ecerand T f'"" ."' assailants. The cuirassiers t,' "'"'' "" the dreadful onset, and roTe 'nnrr """'""^'^ """^ confidence, an .arentlv nf T"^ u''"'"'''' '" '"" impetuosity oft: reLj T.'irBiis."" "^'"'^ '"" unmoved, and never g^e fi e tiU the "'"T '"""^ within ten yards, when fve ' " ot Md "'^'"""'''^ T "> way, horn, galloped anothe aid he" ' ™""' °'"' =never i.sttnce driven back "'«'='""«'<■«« were R..i.^,. .f . . ' "^^! ^^'*:^ ^" the mornmff, put Jn m^*;^^ ^'"iviT 3 uivioioii, which •-''^ ^~* L - ^ ■ " '^ Iwd not been en gaged at Ligny, h. t f^ I! ■/,','' N_,t 300 PIPTH HEADER. to oomiiriinicate with tho R,i»- i 'diversion on the r 1, flf i f "•''• "'"' 'oolx'.atoa '«•.. expected by the dI! f '?" ""''P^ »''« ''••"! battle commenci^l <,,,,! f " "''"'" "'" *™« '"e '^hioh he <1id by a dis am « "',r *"'' W-oaoh- tte afternoon. ^ " '"'"'"« <"■<-■ -*■" half.past four i„ 8. It was now about six o'cloeir in .i. *'"ngthis long series of the ,?. , ""' ^^n'ng. •ind Preneh had gained .'o „eLl """•" ''""^''^ the the wood aro^md louCo t f?'" "TT"^ '"' " ''""^ e-^P«Ilod, and the fanntrse ^ t" "'""'' ''"'^y had been had been also n^eovm-d it « v -f ^^"'■"'^' '"^•"^ hand, had suffered ve ;tvJ. y b u", ' ,"" "f "'"" inch of ground save ,lL ,'"'>' »"t had not lost one thousand „,entrhotr,f-r, ""T '•"^"'"'"'- ^en of the foreign re^ mew, ,ad c^ ' ™""''"' ' ^""^ had shown the mosT* „el^ T '™-''' "'""Sh others a'» thinned bol by ^^11 tr^-- ■'^^'' '""^' ""^^ absence of individuafs who S t ,e B'"? ^'Jl ''^^ ">« purpose of carrying oft tT,!,, "'V"''^' "<■''' '"'■ the might naturally b^ if .'i:,';"";^"'' ;'"" — of whom scene. 9. About hnlf T u ^ . '■''"'™ to so fatal a g.-and diyision : t P,™sK„": "''T'"''' *''<' --"d communication wi h th^R v ,'T^"'" '° ™ter into Ohain, while BuTnw ','".'' '"^'' ''y 'he yillage of tamb;, of the Frr„cS :r' l'""" ^"''P*'"'' valley, called Fischemmut h" /"''"' ^^ ''' ^"""^^ ">' the Prussians were ToTnt.l ,' "'"' '^'''*^"' that and with great force ^ , '?"''^ ""'° the battle, opposing fhem ZTot.T" '"'"' '"" "«" ■"«■■"'« o tainty,howeyrr rfbe r'",'"-' " ''"*'•*'''«' "t the cer- by tl^' coS d , f :rB ^v"'™;''^ ™^'""S ""^ celebrated Guard h^ It f ," ''""' ^""''''- His lad not yet taken any part in the BATTLE OF WATERLOO. 3 to opei-ate a the FroiK^h, fps, who Iiad the time the approach — pnst four in 'Vening, and attacks, th«; >g for a time eyhatlbeen linte, which I the other lot lost one lined. Ten 'ded ; some "gh others I'anks were "(1 by the pW for the e of whom so fatal a fie second L'nter into village of Chapelle lollow, or lent that e battle, means of the cer- «ing day ia. Plis / in the 301 to "SLSLt o1 r.^ '™' ^*^-"»' -» "oped from their poIitC ^^' """^ *'^« "•« B'iti^h co.it';''::;:;!".':;^;'' ""^^ ''"'■•'' f-™«' - two command of the dauXs' nIv "^r^'P"* """-^^^ ''"^ their comnianrtei- thit ,hl P • "''"o" "Pon the right were ;!eat , ! h r^'T' *''"»' "'"y ^'''won an.we'red with 1^,,;! !. r f '^'^''''r '•^'- '^'"' «''»«1 moved resolutely fonvarrl " '^ " ,"'" '^"'P''™^-' " ""d of the Oh, o„a^ •; L;r:r ^ 'r •'^"''■'°- protect the advance of T; ' '',""'' P'"<'P'"'"' »« change had ta..c„" ll tl:'^, ^. «^«^-' quence of the repeated rcpnlL of th P ,' '" '""'"• vancin? by slow ilesrr„j7h ■ I * '"""'^'- "■ Ad- ning of tl^ «::«?, :;e^:?a:7''"''' V''" •"'^"'■ circle, now resen,blelo„eTl,M„ ^^S^^-t of a convex right, that had itenhrot T r ■""'''''"'' '''''"''"' brought forward, so tha :, «' bo h^of a" nl '•""""• mfantry, fell upo„ the tiauk Tihlv '"'''^ '™'' also to sustain that .It, ^'"""'^'' ^ho ha,l from the heights ThRtT """"' "" '""^'^ f™"' four deep, to meet the n,,v ""? """^'"^ '" » '"'<> of Guard, and p" „p'^^^^^^^^^ which ..over'cea^d T. ' instn^t " Th™ "f,-'""^'"^'-^ >ndependently,asitiscalef , " '"'''""'^ '^""^ discharginghi piece asttT '"',""'" '"""""S «'"1 the l^ftii mo^d f: w fd" s if^To •, "' ^"^"S*" heads of the columns aid a't the " ''"""<' *''"^ to pour their shot uno.^r ""',«*""' ume continued gallantly attem^ a l.ov ?' f'"'^- '''"' ^-»* i ..; Ue disoh^l p.^"';"."^'. *"'■ "I? P^Po^c of return. m f! 802 FIFTH HEADER, ordtd'wl: %lf7- y^^' ''"S^^^**^' •--"•« "i. oraerea, weie Wended into one mass, and at lensrth o-ave ^aveoraeis ioi the retreat; to protetj which he h-.,l ow no troops left, save the fo„r battalions o the O d (^uard which had been stationed in the rear of the attacking cohimns. These threw themXs i,t.! squares, and #tood (inn 13 Bnt »t , "; *"""^^ '"'" Diilfo of w„ir . "■ ""t at this moment the JJ«k of Wellington commiuided the whole British line to advance, so that, whatever the bravery and sk 1 Inf hese gallant veterans, they were throw, into diso er etrt7oTLTV\''- ''"""'' '""'' ■" «P'*' "' '^e sw! , . ^' ?' *"""« '""' '"« ^""^ killed, fo«..ht Whilst this decisive movement took place Bulow qnai,he riM. ft! 1 fit i became dis length gave t confusion, fl Napoleon icli he had of the Old rear of the selves into loment the British line iiid skill of disorder, )ite of the ed, fought, the battle, e, Bulow, at length Planche- 3 close on 5yed the •ended in e British other on !h, whose sion and the farm- that the Id follow thausted e totally ^F. Scott. 303 I^^CIDENTS OF THE BATTLE. Ardor, heat and eagerness. From l.at. ardlre, to burn. Bu/«le, originally, fcu^/e.,,^,.„. j,^ the sixteenth century bugle ^Q^nt a young ox. From Lat »o«, an ox, dim. boviculus, buculus, Fr. benfjl^r, to bellow. Dan'ister, bullets, scraps of iron *J^j;«''«'''«^^ina case; case' Car'bme. a short, light musket. funr**^'***^' ^"^^ *' ^^""^^'^ Oonvul'sive, violent and invol- untary (i. e. without, or against the will of. the person). Cuirassier^ see page 135 Exhort'ed. encouraged, urged, or strongly advised. Orenadie.r, a tall, strong foot soWier, formerly armed with grenades, a kind of bombshell thrown by the hand. Hur'ricane, see page 234 Wen'tify, to recognize; here to unagiuetobeintheplaceof. ^'^om Lat. idem, the s^me,md fio, 1 become. Inutil/ity.uselessness. FromUt. ness.""**' """^ "'"'■'"*• "««^"'- Invol'untarily, without willing Momen'tous, highly important. -Wear, see page 215. ^^'°f°'°«d'. strengthened by the addition of. ^ Stock, a kind of stiff cravat. Unanimously, with one ndnd. From Lat. unus, one, and «,«. mus, mind. Unlim'bered, took off or undid the horses and carriage at- tached to the gun-carriage, in readiness for action VoHeys, shots fired from a num. ber of guns at once. From Fr, voUe, a flight. Vi«'or8,theface-plateofahelmet perWed to look through; l^rom Fr. visiere, xrom Lat. oulere, to see. War'ranted, authorized or gave them reasons for doing. Pon^onby, of Ir'^ttlfth lilt d"^"'""'' *^"''''"* severely wounded wW ,i.„ 5 P^S""""' ^ho was longed attacked ttFtnchlnnr '".*"'''•' '"' ''^ the Union Brigade whth " order to bring off «.i«cent and n,:^:^:,!'^:^^ T^.f^ uf t^" whom thev respn^^ ori.r„ ^ ^ weltth, like those French id:^';:':::::^"^::^: "^^r* "><' others, was8near«^ kT. l™!l_.^?"f '"^y- '^'th many i - v ^-i"c i^uiisn jancers, and left ) !f 304 FIFTH READER. for dead upon the field. The narrativP nf i\. of an individual with whom we can il^^ '^' ^^f^' 3 "In the struggle I was almost instantly disabled In 1 -^ ^^^'^ men, who wero nrpcr^.fi,, , * .nd run away, when a lancer, passing by, crieT out I ou rasca , not dead vet ' ' a.,,) .1 i i • / "'' mvbaelf ivf.,1. j/ """St™* his lance through mouth a dil^Hr^t^'^P'"''*^ •^'""'J g»^''<«i '-"tomy nr^t'ii^l'rf ••'*'t?»'5«-it was impossible to meas- X he on e "":' K^^/f - - '- than ten minutes threaten ngtriiex'''^:: ^PP" '" l"""1- n>e, S my ute. 1 directed him to a small side- of the pangs tify ourselves leral descrip- flis tale may - war, as well hat the oper- three o'clock It on for five tnd his men first encoun- ve were our- r about 300 I" relief, the ?avy fire of led three of disabled in 1 niy reins; •esently cut iven, I was low from a nd. 3ok round, to get up cried out, ce through ?d into my I thought e to meas- n minutes inder me, fnall side- INCIDENTS OF THE BATTLE 305 pocket, in which he found three dollars all n i , hecontmued to threaten, and I a 1 .l , '' """ me. This he did immed,, i , • """'" '"^^■■"•'-■'' 'earing open ^^^1^^^!:^^^ -^'^ ^^ uneasy position. "*= '"" '" « ™i-y "/Cm'ti^rps'r^;;'- 'i ^""V'"'" "" "•""er, Lrino. 'on=,'ed, andhanne-W ; "■"'?'*'^' "'" xkinnisl.o.rl.; down and addle "me tafn' tT \> ''"">-' wounded. I said t hntr ^ ' ^ '''"'''''' ' »'■'"» hadly be -•eraoved to the tt '™!' ■•"'." .•^^f"'--'' " «ish to orde,^ to re„,oveevrn i,e,- '""' " ^'' '®'"'-^' "'«■• gained the day rand 1,1 ,""" '"""' ''"' """• if they lington was ktLd 1 th""''"''^'""'! ""^ »""<« of wl surrendered), every I'm ' ^ "'"' '''■'"•■'"'"" '''»'■• shown me. 0. I onXin^rol'",, ' '""^•' ™""'' '« brandy-bottle to my Hw ,1 ' • *' "'"' ''" '»'''' '"« to lay me straighT'on'm; ^,e i;"*; "' "'^; '"''''^'^ under my head. He the^Ut'o" f "" " ''"•''''^"'■'' perhaps, to want though 'Tf'"" '."to .action, -soon, a..ce,land I sha I n fer knowTT' ""^ '"''= ''^-'- was indebted, as I believe fo,ny Uf. Z ^k"'"'™"-' ' was I cannot say • he wn,„ ^ ''^''^ ™''' he another akirmistr came ,n f n'^T'- '' ">■•-""' '"^ down and fired over Z^ ' '• ' "^ ""''"•■ "e kneU and conversij wi , "^ I 'h ^ '"!?';;"■" -">' '""««, man, with strfnge cooTnlf • ^ "''"'"• ^hc French- he was 8hootin".^and 1: V"f™r' ^""^""''^ "^ how the battle. <. Atlastle .1 . off °;"^"'•*'" '"•"^"■''- "' probably not be sorry tHea^: thar™'"^ '^ '^°""'" retreat. Good-d.ay, ray friemr r/'" '"'" ^™"- '« senby adds, " when t„ '• ^' "'='^ dusk," Po„- each'of th;ra to" dleV ''Z 'ril"^^ P"-'"" "-Iry, PR^sed > deep. t-ime across thp vnii. /^o la lull trot, lifting me fr J, aUi 1 ■om the ground, 306 FIFTH READER. aTw'":! Z ''''''' r^'y- The clatter of their t^J A T apprehensions they excited, n.av be imagined, but not described ^ th^A- I ."^^' ^"^ "»P''«««itions, the outcries thed.scharge of m,.skot,-y and ca„„„n, ;e..e all ov r-' and the groans ot the wounded, all roimd mc beclme every moment „,ore and more au.lible. I ZJZZ night would never end. lo. Much about M.it ,t J . a soldier of tbo 1?„ . . • '""' ''""^ ' *<»"i been Weeding." ^ ™""'' '""' ^ «'«« «•"«" tSlSrr.f'X;.^ t --, at VVateH„„, •'"y I'e and hi. ."n;,,,^^"™! "'V-"-"- P«.t .,f tl,; skirmishers in fro, ,,7^' "■'""' '"'''''"i »« Frenchoavahybe... Li H If '■"'"' '"" »•'"=" "'« briskly on the low „,.o,„, , ^ ''^'"■'' sk,n„i.shi„g annoying those of theC' T?" "]"" ^""^ ""d n'en opposed to „s was"m? « ' f "* ^'■'""''' "A"- on a sudden they Jrt ei .frTJ ""*" °" '"^"' b"' and several guns began S *'^' """"'^»'"' bodies, Our poor fellows dronned'tf' "f "" ™ "'"^ '''"'''^''^ minutes several of 30^?' *"^'' =""J "' about two 'vounded. «. I w« ,L" """•'' <^«™« that overh„fg\tTefd rbt »!1V^ IT'' '-- of "' ""' "-^^^''-^"^ visible. "Se";;;:::^^!^ ') 1? i"?l :ij 808 It ''<'! FIFTH READER. of long red feathers could be seen • there i from a sheet of steel showed thnT ,L ' ? """ "" moving; four hundrJ the cmrassiers were and dj; h o^ev V We r"" *"" '""'^'''"^ f"^"' «- indistinguisha j;r iir;s^ T^"^ -- an i'leaof a laboring volea^o - W„ '-"l ^^' '"" cavalry were advancing "1 iis so " "f^ ""' our eolumns, which were stan.l n!, ? • "' '""'''"■'''' regiment and the TRd f!, ''""'''"« "I' '" square. Ou. another; to ou rlh! „! l' T' ""^ ^^'' ""'' «9tl' and on ou lef tl f H^^""'' "'""' ^"^^ 'he Guards; our division A I entlTr' and German Legion of I I.ad to step over a bodv n^ r i'-'"™ °* •""■ ^'3""« ni.ed Harry Befere an 1 '' '."""""^ ''o^^"' ^ ''=»og. about an hour beC f T'' ;'^""'' S''™''*-'™. who. laughing, a^r,e!'tth:'cotm:''th'e'r"* ^""' "■"' my oyes ^ I sighed out • iCr I W , - Thfr*^' '" a.ry|al.oUpl?e:ordX1r^^^^ Their first cC™ waTm '"•«'■''' '''™^ " "^ ^^O"'- quickened 2 ftrltinTof .T"''. "^^ '°™ "' ""=? their heads so hhf ,^rP ""' ''""'^^'^'-^ ''^"t like visorsind ,h ""f ' "* *'"'"' ''^'"'^ts looked plume 'thsadd/e "Z "T'' "' ''™- fr"'" the were within tlirtJ^:;.,f:L: t "1 ""'^ *'" ^''''^ our men opened sul,e:ytpo„ hem S T"' ""'' magical, w. Throu<»h tho o > " "**"'' "as falli;g,cavalie s ta^Lfrn 7k '™ """''^ '" ^'^""^'^ «prin|; as t ey rec ived ouTb'^r'T* ^'* <'™^»'«"- rearing in the'ag:rs If" i„\?;„'r:if''""f ^ -" Of the troopers aismountedr'parofr'sSrnt ere, gleams as uirassiers were h'mg forth fire shouting were they gave me »f infantry and oved towards square. Qui ^M and 69th 3 the Guards ; lan Legion of 5f our square >wn, I recog- nadiers, who, 3s with me, PS started to fhe tear was as no longer enemy's cav- 3ur position, ed between n our front, •on as they assiers bent nets looked r from the d till thev given, and effect was ee helmets convulsive nging and fid crowds uadron in IWWENTS OF THE BATTLE. 809 of these. Tlie main I ^ . '"''' ™"" ''i'l'osed fact, from ,hi, ti,n, , ''"^7 "»■»• "".icks. 20. I„ charges. There wl , ^ -^ "''"'■' "^"' "Mvaili,,,, ••"■ti'lery wagon gallnt „f """'r''^'; '^' '"'S"' ■•'» casks of eanricl^s ",r ' ''"'''"'' '"'" '"■ ""-"c comfortable. " " "'" "'""'■<■• "'"' ">c„ we felt 2'- "Though we coiistantiv heif ,>»• "I'Ponents, we foui„l „„„.(, '''"" ' « our steel-chid shot and grape wh .•"'''' "'""'''"^o'ne the round- terrible effj rt'^d ' , "'" '"? '''"J'^"' "I'on us with often as the ,;, 1 ied ""'"'• "" ""'•"■'''-•»• ^8 the cavajry d.ash o„"?1h^"''' '" "'"' '"'""'"^ ""-"'d cessful. Areginent'of .. .^ "■"'''' """'"""'y ""»uc. 'eft and charged .^'eSsl^rr "^'","" "" '" »»■• other as they p.,ssed us b . ', Y, "'""■"■'' '■"ch were obliged to -et ;! 1 fter a I •"" '"^^ """'"• """ A body ot Bclgian'av :' ad rrr :r "" *"'"^<'- pose, but, on passing cu. sou^r L . '•''""■" ''""•- ■''■ O""- noble Halkett rode ou\br f"' '■""•'• charge at their head: it was o L ut" Thif ■'•''" ' '" Orange came up and exho,-te,l i . . '""''« »' but in vain. They hesitated ti TV" "l ""•"' '^'"^• through theu,, when thTtl i ^l I'T '''? ^""-^-J »way with the rapidity that fear i '■""' ^"""P'^'' passed the ri^ht hL J ""spires. As they their cowarronduet:;,'^'""'/'' ""'"' """««« by and fired a .oll^ZtTr ''''''' ''^''''^^^^^^^^ «lispos':roVa"„ral%r'Z7!';« "^ «'" "•- nearly ' " ' """ "^«^overea the inutility 810 FIFTH READER. * i! " ' of their charges, they commenced annovine U8 bv » «pn-,ted and well-directed carbine fire. Zm. we ter« t a^ the eol,.,„n,,on our ri^ht and left, bnt I imagine of the ar„,y wore »i„,il„,|y »it„ate.l. All°le h n . • f , , I""'*'''-''! «»•"'« «>tillery tiottin- „„ our Vffil . ■ ''"'"y mentioned this to u l,r ,tl er oftcer when two gun. unlimbered within seventy , me 'into ; 7 '''1 "'1 '"«"'"■•«« "' g™l'^'. >'■"- vo, men into the centre of our square. Our men im>„„ d,atd.v reloaded, and kept up alonstant ^d Sr Ze" after e e ^ Zw 'Vw ,""■ 'f T «" "" ""^ ^»P moment ITn-*'l" . ' '"""'' <^'8t>-essed at this m .^, "'r""g«"l<^'-«<» "Pthreeof my company thev had h.ard y taken their station when two of 'them ML hornb ly lacerated. One of them looked up in my e and uttered a sort of re,,roaehf„I groan, and I iuvo n anly exclanned, 'I couldn't help if We wo Z" v.llmgly have chained these guns, b.'t, had we den „7ed work oTuI *""' '""'"^' """" "°"'^' "-- ■»'«'« «i^ort naa ceased , it was now to be seen which side had most rea^mett e and steadiness, and would hold out th ongls rS;.e of ""' P'^'-«°"i«'' see farther ^ I imagine . All the 24^ About ing up our > the Inipe- y a bi-Hher t?nty paces ^lew iieven len iriiTne- lestructive »P the gap Bd at this >any, they them fell n my facie f involun- ^e AvouM deployed, ide short ito action had most ? longest. )mentou8 :)88ed the ir grena- . Some and he ently as danger, ience of mcWEyr, o,- THE BATTLE. gll through the column am ,.V n "'"'• """ ^^^ i'- Ab he came nearTj htl T ''"''"'"' '^''"' '^'""n ;o<'e out to him and l^s ';!,'' ""^ 7''»''"S. "«'kett « G,.ace to afford usTm ^l' X-f /.'''te, "^SS-g Halkett,' said ho. Our™no,T '• ,''/ ""Possible, -y -iopend on the bH;al"rI 'X'"' '" '"' "''' ^O" (1 ) We cZZenUUoun^'^l' '°!!'"""« P"""^' «ncl .sentence. • '''■ployed, the cavalrvXf n T'" "" '"livWual. (21 hS * ' work o, us. ,3) S^ , ,l"t°,t :';? ^'""' "»- ""-"^hort' our battalion, had surrende ed tf T?' ^f'""' '*> Some of m H^ 7. '''»■ '•" They exd edTrHht'''' """'Sener- 7 He and hi, company were throm, ^ . W^honsion,. (8) They were reinforced bv t,™ °""'^ »» skirmisher, :{-i°aT,t»-ds'S=^^ nouns :r:d'erivrr;,^tf It'""" "'■'=- '-« 'o"owlng ■^"'".tonce, distance, re"!nm,^ ?^' """'"''"■ P""!"", cT. ■'■ ^""e carefully the endinss of .h„ , n ■ Kr„r ,r^- coTir^' Appearance tti^ "^"^^ Suspense I ■i 812 w. ' '■mi< FIFTH REAVFR. ABCTIC COSTOMEa. A WINTER DAY IN THE ARCTIC JiEGION8. Despatch', message. Duloin'ea, a sweetheart. Face'tious, funny, witty. Ploe, a field of floating ice. Huxn'mook, a little irregular- shaped hill. Incred'ible, not to be believed. Inev'itable. not to be escaped. Monot'ony, see page 185. P. M., afternoon. ha.i.po8t, after, and n}^ridie8, uoon. ilrT'tiii I IEG10N8. be believed, be escaped. ?e 185. iat.ji;o«/, after, >n. A DAY IN THE ARCTIC REGIONS. 813 Tem'perament, dlipo»uioii. na. ture. ' Tem'perature. degree of heat "r «'<»[(|. Unacoount'able, not to be ex- iuaitie.v "fn.fiillv 8fcim.,l ""Muiloas iin.l.T n,iilr.,l, '.'-.'.- h';: L;;;;.';j,^ ,; :-;;;:;;;:^'' - .->•...,; . •ri.m every in<.s».|.,l,l,. ."""••""' '"■kina: h„t eocoa -■-•h,ina^,,i,io ;;:;;;;« "''■•'''--.•>■«,,..., .v<'»«o «„ deck f.„„i . ""■■" ■•""' '"S- .SI..M.I.I «moke will .,e see I^ZAt" T"""'^ " ""''""" "f called vontilato,-^, «• ,i 1 ""' ""'''"" "'"•'I"™" of l.ure air. ""'" '"•■ •"'I'l'l.viug .■. earren. 2-15reakfa»t (lone — ami fiv„„ .r •. >'"'"*, it has been •, i ^ ,1 ""•.''*''" «"<1 merri- li"^' o,. of w.a , el„Tht/?'r:,'"'" '" " ««''-™' -" '•'-: "IS -n."; fo!. t .,i,i!r;::;":;; "'<"- '=""!' "I- H-e that ,„,,v |,„, tv,,,„^ ,'•'"' '^'"'""' »".v '''"■"'^' the s ,,i„„.-,, ., ?';.'■ holes or corner, »l'-t .he n,en a„,l e " :,,t , l^''"?'^- ""^^-^^ '- both are elean, an.I ih • , , ■ ^^ *''*' '« «<"> that duties, which .t ,,,:,' V'"''^"-«' '" tl'oir several indeed, ecfined „^ „ ; ' ""''"" '"■" very light,- ™ow to melt for w" er I ■'''■','*' ""•' ''"""^ '"th floeopen.^ and «;:!:; . ^ri'" V«'-'':'""! "' ^e M: 314 FIFTH READER. 'm\ 1 1 n three would, if there was not a strong gale blowing iw. «ec.n tak,„g exercise at a distance from Se ve seT^' h .neat, o^r salt-he4trthc^tr;:'dri:: 'Xlh^ 'dd.t,o„ of preserved potatoes, a treat which The^^!^ taken ,n,l ,1, "^ '""'« "fternoon exercise is then taken, and the evening „,ea], of tea, comes next If it IS school night, the vohmtary pnpils ,,0 to Zt „ 1 the m.«ters to their posts; r^ea'diligl^: ^ d„ e thei^ books, wr,t.ng-n,e„ their desks, artists pa „t bv ca^dlT ■ght; and chess, or draughts, combined wit'f conv t" tte". '' "'^^^ "'■ ''""^' -- - ^'-'"g -n.' "•>:s, preserved er, with the ich the gal- dine some- rcise is then next. If it their tasks, )diice their hy eandle- ith eonver- •ound bed- I time our we under- h linger, or epeat, was t Griffith's ir temj)er- monotony of aniuse- vere much /he strong ame quite I the most 1 brothers ns. lusement hich had s lioss's irbor in I collars ^ ^^^ ^^ THE AUCriC nEOW^,. 315 secured to the necks of the Arcf!. f traps, and then liberated % ? ''^ "^''g"'* '" fusted with desintcho, „ T"' """"■•"» "'"^ in- <1ifferent ship^T Ct h Ttr'n""'''' ^''"' "'"'■•'«"' h many cases /ho' „en 1, ht ^ :'j"' ""^ ""'' ' *«'"• '" J"ck facetiously tenn.fd h tn ''°">' "''"'"'"'"'" "» which he would be ,X„ a, ^'rn Tf'"' *™l'' "'" "f and packed away to ornam t l"'''''' ""%*'" ''■"'''" "«. neck of some fair DTcCa ? T""-' '"'"'''' ''"^ "■« admitted into this secre or'n.h ' " "™"''" ' ^as might have aeeou„tldfo,tlu .'•""' ' '^'"' "''""^ collared foxes by be ievin^ , •^^PP'^a'-ance of the able mission. In ord r hft h? "^ "" "'^"- ''»■""- postman" may be recoUtV -f """ "* ^'"'"S "the fair that I should sayXr-h "•' "'"" "^'"' '"' *"" once of the good Z^t ta^T' ""•'^^' ""«'"'''" seldom seemed satisfied with th "'""' ""^ *'>». of a copper collar, and reru ed ?„ T'" ''"P'^ """"^ over again. ,. s rict hwlT ^,^,'""'Sht over and safety, such as a> ed e L i""^ <^'"^" ^O'' ""^ir trap was to be killed Of ^^ "" '"^ """^" alive in a taken alive ; they were all ZT" "" ^T "'"« "f"^'- ^''>» it was so„,e fort.mate wi.TrT'''''^' '''■'"''' ""'««» were worthless; i„ such ot iJr '%"''' ^""^ """' about a quantity of inform' ;''^''™*' "*''"■■ '» •'■'ag tbe rest of his days, Ir else "^.1"' ', ""^'^'^ ""^^'^ '^' "■ The departure of u f ' ,1 "" "^ '''^•''"'• small merriment. All hnml! f T'^ * «"<"«' »f no cook, were out to ctl th^f " k'" "•'''"'''" *° 'he o-t of its wits, seem«' to , w' u-' '"'" ^'^htened whilst loud shouts rdroa ''of f "'^'' ^^^ '« ■•-'; cold frosty air, were hJa^ff f J^'ht'^to '^^''^ '"« fo.x-hunters swelled in n„„.iJ T '^ *" ^""P' as the that could not runt^urdt: :Xh" '^.'"'' '"^ 316 FIFTH READER. of ice and gave a view-halloo, whici, said far more for robust health than for tuneful melody .«. During the darker part of the winter, and when he uncertamty of the weather was eueh that" frin " perfect calm aud clear weather, a few hou™ wT.M change the scene to a howling tem'pest ::d thL dl nave toliowo,], great cam was necessary, in takimr our walks, to prevent being so overtaken^' NevSless walks of seven or eight n.iles from the vesse s we : .' evml occasions performed, and a severe temperlture faced and mastered with perfect indifferenre ,, I remember well, on January 18, seeing mereu^ i"' \ ohd mass," with a teu.perature of 40« below Z and b :ra"lkit f '"' '"T^ "•>» "-"^ '""^- »""-"--' nam walkmg tor mere pleasure. J^,r^^, " •'.' '■"'" "* *^ "^^^'-J* «°™« .•'t home of bitter cold nights, and of being frozen to Hem I? some English heath. It seemedl uTiL edU le l^ people should be frost-bitten because the aw below ight the thermometer standing at zero, and, indeed looked orward to such a state of our c imat T t as Sw^'^ "■""^'•"'^ ^""^ --'^ ^ ^''y-^hi:: Osbom, NOTES. 1. Zero is 82" below the freezing point of water • 40° u., ^ero IS therefore equivalent to 72° blw fre L rg poin '''" _ 2. A well IS dug in the ice, a short aiitance from thp «, • 3. Mercury becomes solid, ov freezes, at 39° below zero Uoa. .. Thetia.eonheyeafwer^4S:'tir,,%'';t far more for sr, and when that, from a lours would I thick drift, 5t 'nevitably taking our evertholess, sols were on emperature uice. n. I ^rcury in a w zero, and hree hours' 68 at home death on edible that was below 1 with de- itl, indeed, ite just as y sunshine Osbom. ; 40° below int. n the shi'i), case of fire zero. an Arctic he expedi- e ship wag tOST EXPEDITION WITH FH < NKLIN. 317 walruses, whales. 7 W , t' taf Zn^Ho'- "^''''^'' '^^' long winter days. *' ^°"' ""e passed the C!T.rr:usSt;"a;.''L'r'';"7r- <" -"»- admitted i„to this secret m ?•" i 'l ' '^^ » ^^"'>'" ' ™s ^..eer on ,„,,, .^^--'oto'n' wa'strtel^' '*' ■^''"^ «->"" ■straits to Baflin s Bay """^<»'« » P»2»=tfe from Behring's ing^ou^.'t;?:,!*: r'r ""r ""''^^ '™'' «- '°"o- tetr t:;*;!t: propt :r' '"- ""-^■^ --'" -•'^ » - THE LOST EXPEDITION WITH FRANKLIN. {Verse printed as Prose.) Am'ethyst, a precious stone of a deep violet color. Ber'y' a precious stone of agreen- ish color. Fraught, laden. (The word is connected with freight.) Dirge, see page 262. Shrines, records their names in writings that are sacretl, and hence to be preserved. From Lat. scrinium, a chest to put writing's in. the groan of ieeber,. i„ th^ ^ '..i^;.? ^^T savage surgea. No funeral torches^ Vl,^^!"'!** fcwe, «u„e a farewell upon their shrouded i^^^Z 318 FIFTH READER. 'V 'n;-. 'ill S tJ V "^'^^''•■" «t'-^^"^^r8 flare the lonu n^ht through over the cliffs stupendous, fraught w'tf rfsLd t7 f^/^""^-" tears upon their grave, au, shed, -tears of don.estielove or pity holv- bhr Lr S.,r^r'r''r y^"' JHstoryshnnes them wit* her mighty dead, the hero seamen of this isle oi feather:"'' '^T' '''' ''''''''' ^^'^^ ^' ^^^ read, there will their names be written. ^ooa GREAT CITIES. VIENNA. Banned, kept out by proriama- tu>n. From O. Ger. ban, apro- clam&tkn. Cognates: Ban, banns (of inarriag.* ; abandon (from O. Fr, bandon), a com- mand, Catho'dral, ihe chief church in a diocese, conf ■-i.iiug the throne orwa/of abisuop. Oonflrlom'erate, sea page 172. Con'grass, a conference or meet- ing for disciuHsing important st-itt. business. From Lat. con, toget.ier, and gradior (gress- «P), I walk. Cognates : Ag. gressive, aggression; digress, digression. Oon«rer/Eing', drawing together to oiie point. From Lat. con. together, and vergo, I Incline.' Cognates : Convergent, conver- gence. Oore, heart. From U^t. cor (cord- is), the heart. Cognate. (^ordial, cordiality. Demol'ished, destroyed, thrown down. Em'peror, in Its full sense, » supreme ruler, one above law and whose will has the force of law. Also, a ruler over inferior or subject sovereigns; as Queen Victoria is Empress of India. Lat. imperator, a commander. Ep'ochal, making an epoch or point of time. From Gr t^pHchS, a stop. Frieze, in architecture the flat surface a little above the top or c«/,i^a; of a pillar or column often highly ornamental. Gla'cis, gentle slope. From O Fr. glacier, to slide ; from I,ati gJacies, ice. (.'ognates : Glor- cier, glacial. Goth'io ar'oliiteotup©, in ti»e er their r6Ht re the long fraught witt ^lue of ame. their gravev* y holy ; bur down shua s them wit) this isle of Heaven v, Hooa GREAT CmES.-VtESrNA. Cognateii y- oyed, thrown 'ull sense, » e above law. s the force of over inferior ns; as Queen 588 of India. ionnna!ider, n epoch, or From Gr. ire the flat ove the top tr or column ental. From O. ; from relI;fromUt.mi,/,/u,,a8e». niuasel, Pilas'tor, a square pillar or col. umn set within a wall. From Fr. pilastre; from Low Lat 7n/flr,,r.^, before, in comparison With, and vnleo, I am strong. Prime'val, see page 234 Sub^urbs, villages or districts Jynig near to a city. From Lat. /or9«e« (/«,-/.„,„) I twist. Cognates: ror,«e»<; torture. ^oJ:Zt:,XZ^^^' r^>o„.erate of king. Pendence, and the ^mp^JTTT-^^'''" '"^'■ go to Pesth to be croZ!.7« '"" '^^ "'"'g'''' ^ ion as King of Hun"!" 7^":" *''* "'*'""=" ^^''■ surrounded by gently 2n:„ ^„'"*^f''"<'' ™ " P^"- inhabitants, IhTteT^ "''J' '^ '^''"'"' *'y 'he a dirty Utile brook whthT'' ^"' ^^^"^' f-"™" a™ of the n>ig: y ^ttbe '^ v""^" " '"'° "" two parts, _ the Old fs, , '•, ^""""a consists of OW City, or Inner Townl:lf: ^^ «ty. The but well-paved streets and \ I ,, ''^"'°^' ""^"o™. very core of the whole Tl^^^ ^'"""'' ""^ '' *e ttirty-six suburbs, wWeh 11'" ^k"""" '^"'^ ■=°''""'>' 2n"^^-^ --• -' ^"^c^i have been hniif ,v _ .. ■V-...U .,..e, between the old town and the'subiirbs If i.;. S20 FIFTfl READER. GREAT criEs-rimm. 321 hy the glaci. „f t rfo,.tm;at^™ ''T T'" ^"■•"""■'^' «"«' '•" the year 1857 T 7 ,' ''■'"'•'' "■^•'■" <'"nolisl,od ;■■•«, The lattc- were de^t -ol ' by ^l °''' ^"'''- last siege of Vienna, in 1683 A. ,K . • ^^'^ ■"" *''<' 'lo"bt b„t that Vienna wonM I , ?,* ""•"' ">«'<' '■' »» of the great ^n^^Z:;^^ !t::jT ''" '''"' of Poland. 1„ 1509 t'l'v •'"'"' ^°'''«'^'"'' "'i'^' Turks, when the great sir„"s"r """' Y"^"^ ''^ "'« delivered no feirt^nw ° ''"•''" '''''-^^•■'S'"fieent, beaten back evel time n , ^ ''"'■'"'"'• "'' ».,s to retreat, after L™VrU T '■" ',""'"' ^''""'^"«' walls. ' ""^^ thousand men under the -nj!;rtt":ri'^'x;ra"'™"^^ ""'^'™-«'" -^ no other town in E urone Z """ ix^eoliarity which of Carlsruhe, tie ca t of 7^''"'' 'f* """ ''^™''«0'> All of then, run to a nob / ^''''-''''^''y of Ba,le„. -apoi„toee„„"ed bv I '" 'f ""'"•'' of the eity, eated^o St. St eph „ i 1';?"'''?'' -"■^''■•'". "«i^ or the conyergi^rth',;;r!/^ '''"^"^ "^ '^ '»'-ge wheel, 5. The Old Town'is Jie !„ ? /r.™""' »'"'''«'•'« '^"b this respect Vien" a lifflZ ^''""--""^ 1-rt, and in large towns. tZ ttdeney i^f ?^"' ^'"''' '""" o"'0'' the great cities of E^teT i°'' "'/ T'"'"^ '^"^^^ '" towards the west a d f- ■ Tf "'■"'"• '""' f"''"'" and Paris dnring .L 1 , "1 """'''^''' '» Londo,, ■ in that direct;:fn. ' Th , Torr? 'T ■""■ ""<"" """'« because in Eurone (he? , • ''' •■"'' "' obtained. Which biowsTrc ' ,ct"',"'"' '■' ''"^ ^•"'^ -••"• umage, twodaysout of every three u* 822 J'fFTH READER. and in many instances the most beautiful nart« ^# ^k country lie to the wosf of ♦!.« "^f "^""* Parts of the But in Vienna he Oh T •^'''' '^""'"« ^^ ^^^^P^' business and piltu^ but'if '' "T '".'^ '*" ^^"^^^ «^ the palaces ofTl ^V ^ and t. t ''"i%"'^^^ t'.e government ortices/andhrsplendidZ"'"^ ''?'^ ol^l nobility, are found ^ "'^""''"'' ^^ ^^« St. Stephen, the pafon saL't of v/enn' tt "' 1 leci, — that IS, more than sivtv f^o* i • u , •'^ >B part of the primeval forest which at „;» ,?'"'P'""'' pied the site of Vienna ; and hel „d the^e arerieX' «• The character of the architecture of Vienna i» ,I,« <>f "sober and solid stateliness, without Rloom^' rt «e.es and%il^rL^r;;^?X"^"^^ '^ average, ^X^^Z^^-:^^ il parts of the ns of Europe. ' t?ie centre of place where perial family, lansionsofthe noble monu. cathedral of It is one of in Germany, nd its tower id sixty.five her than the e loftiest in nade of the ' and gayety, Iand,7 which This park 3 time occu- are splendid ?rs so peace- 'cy himself len, instead 'nna is that om." The St of them rnamented 3hes. But Ithy town, ty-two per an double; 9. Vienna OREAT CITIES.-V,ENNA. jjS contains a splendid universitv wl,;„k "ncl one hundred .nd thtf *'"^"^; """'«""' students, to the unive, y the eitv"^ T"^"""'^- '" »''')"'- 'lents, «,|,o are ta,,.ht by T,v «''."'"""'' *'"- lecturers. Not only , , "re the an S^"-" P'^^™'"™ «"'' taught in that sclL , b„ '^ " lT"rr"'"'""8'">- merce, and the scientific n!;. "'' ''•'''■•' "^ "o.n- 'ncU.s., is based,':::' fSSr '^'' -' «- at a congress i„ the end of the yet m7: T '"•"' ned to sit till after the battle of \vZ > ' ^ '■""""- of June, 1815 Evp„ W J^^'crloo, on the I8th the 13th of March 1815 tt'"'-"'"','""'^'"" '•■^■™'. "" Europe, declariL^Na po,'eot% r''"'^ " P'-oclamation to man banned from Vh„ , m ^"""Pa'te an outla,v,-_a theiaws boy7w::7r;i:::r' :^'p- -f"-^' ol Vienna is adminahlv .„;,„j / ^ ''" situation on the Dan„br-?h '. a 1, :;■ ''"'"T"'- ^''"''"'S and the west of Europe /^ T ^'''""' '^' '^ast throne for thegoodZ' tVe ottr """ir n" T"' "' nects Western r«,.». ''"^^^nei. The Danube con- Constanti^: ^f^:;;f -^ ^^^ Black 8ea, with the centre of a lar^^e T .'1' / "^ '""^'^ ''''^"^'^•' ^^ railways, which c:n:ec t b t^^^^^^^^ "f-'-^ of northwest and with the IrtT !l ^^''^^-^0''kir)ir nentof Europe. -southeast of the conti- NOTES. 1. In A. D. 1438 Albprf v «* * of the kingdom of nanglry\nl ttT'\ T"'^'^ '^^ ^^''^^'^ It was the policy of the Aust'rn ""'^''^ "'^ '^« ^'^^ns. part of the Aust'rian doming- t7::i'T'' """^-^ - a ■''- """fewnaiis steadily m ff- H i «24 ^yprii HEADER. 2. Salisbury cathedral Is 400 feet high clu^rvr""-^- ^^^^« ^ «^— of sections 4 to 7 in- synonyrSs forte italeS^^^^^^^ P^^"' -^ «'- (-^) The space was formerlv mT , ^! ^'''*°''' ^''^^"^"« ^^'-eets. (.^) Courleou^intlryZ^^^^^ «'^^'« ^f fortifications. Jaws and data of co nm^rce f 6 ) Tl^r''''^^ "''■'"^^- ^^^ ^he nar^ «* fi »-"' •''yxtMOMs. (9) Promenade. (lO) This nAi-t lo part of the pr//«e,«Morest. (11) Pi7asTW«^l. , '^2) The allied from the protectio/of ti,e laws ^ '"'"'' ^'^^ ^^-^"^^ 4. Analyze and parse the following sentence:- " Deap as the wet diver to the eyes Of his pale wife, who waits and weeps on shore By sandy Bahrein, in the Persian Gulf ' plunging all day in the blue waves, at Aighr Having made up his tale of precious pearls come (r^t ..„ ,.e™ ..„„, eompoundwi'th *; "'J:' ;„?'"' ' I Oj^(whlch i.. contraction of „«„,; .«,„,, „,i,j„, *»«. 'Km, land! kinsman, tim/M; etc. ria by Prussia, 825 ns 4 to 7 In- 'wn summary, es, and give tiious streets, fortifications, ads. (6) The Id. (7)3f««- This park Is J) The allied (14) Banned om, or cog- mme, two, e following 'c and in ; build (root '; venio, I r, sub. »ake a sen- ware and to put to r. ONE BY OXE. Elato, to excite, lift up. 1. One by one the sands are flowing* One by one the moments fall • Some are coming, some are going- Do not strive to catch them all. ' 2. One by one thy duties wait thee; het thy whole strength so to eaph Let no future dreams elate thee ' Learn thou first what these ;an teach. '• ^7 ^^ °"^' '>''%^'t gifts from heaven Joys are sent thee here below; ' Take them readily when given, Keady, too, to let them go. '■""Do'no'tT ^'^"'-^^^J-" meet thee; 1^0 not fear an armed band : One wdl fade as others greet thee, Shadows passing through the land. distinctly. -Line" Ea?ri^^^^^^ A II is emphatic. Vekse 2 !! i o"'^''' emphasis. Line 4 • emphasis. Line3: Avoid the versTLoln^^' ^' '^' ^"'S''' °f emphasis on no and /«^„rr Tnt.. """ ^^^^' ^"^ P^ace the piratic. Verse 3. -i ne 3- ^n f "'' ""^ '''^«« ^'"^ em- Vebse 4. -Line 3: One aMoA^!^^r ^ «"^^»^ «™Pl»asis. are emphatic. Line 4: ^'lai / ^''T' '"^^' «^^«^' -"^ weight of emphasis. '''"*''^«'« (= "^ere shadows) carries the * In au hour-glass. I i m fIFTH HEADER, pj. I: ' ' ' THE BATTLE OF HOHENLINDEN.^ Arrayed', drawn up in order of battle. Oan'opy, covering. Chivalry, knighthood; gallant soldiers. Com'batanta, persons fighting. Com 'pass, grasp, comprehend. Dun, dark, lead-colored. Inoea'aant, never ceasing or stop- ping. Inex'trioable, not to b*. un- ravelled. Mu'tilated. with llmhs JopiH^u off. * Obliterated, blotted out. Pon'derous, heavy, and difticult to move. Havines', deep, narrow glens. Rev'clry, disorderly pleasure. Som'bre, dark. 1. Bctwoen the rivore Isnr» and Inn- -two of the southern tr,b..ta,ies of the Danube -there extenl for many leagues an e„or„,o„s forest of sombre firs a„,l pme8 It ,» a dreary an,l almost uninhabited wilder- ness „t w,ld ravines and tangled underwood. Twrg^t roads have been cut through the forest, and many woodmen's paths penetrate it at different points i the cen re there is a little hamlet of a few miserabV huts, called Ilohenlinden. 'mse.ab.t I8nn' "ivf'' ^"T'-T "." "'«'" "f *'"' ^^ of December, 1800, Morean^ w.th suty thousand French soldiera encountered the Archduke John with seventy thousand Austrian troops. The clocks „pon the tower of Munich, had but just tolled the hour of Sight when both annies wete in motion end, h«pi„? t^ ng through the tree-tops, and the smothering snow falling rapidly, obliterated all traces of a p.ith a,"d rendered it almost impossible to drag through'the dr he ponderous artillery. ,. Both parlies fn the dark tempestuous night became entangle,! in the forest, and the heads of their columns met in various places. An awful scene of confusion, conflict, and cLage thl^ fffi VDKN.» not to be un- ■h limbs ]o|>})cu otted out. »vy, and diffloult narrow glens, prly pleajure. -two of the J extends for bre firs and yhiid wilder- . Two groat , and many points. In w miserabifc ■ December, ch soldiers, ly thousand towers of ■ midnight, hoping to was howl- ling snow, path, and 1 the drifts the dark, forest, and 'aces. An nage then THE BATTLE OF HOHEXU.^OEX 337 of the wLtr, -t..,,, ';;,': ,;;;:;":,t:; m """"t incmint roar of artill.Tv . , "" t . "'""■' "'<■ humlrodaiKlthirtv ,„ ?i ," """''"■'0 from .., heavy can," .J ;':„;'•:,'; ,r ":\ '"f"^ "•'-» - '' fr", hillside., a, d in'd r av '' """" l**'' '" ^''"^'' "" "' c~ed .ith"bt:d rs :;::■ •t:';if "^' ^"°- twenty thousand f tKled Tv" "'?• '^'""-'^ and wonnded were left upon t e I'd f '."" '^""' soon buried out of si,,h, T ' "''"''''•' *''<'y »'e'" «. At the elosl : t et,tt ^ tlT""^ " '"''^■ at every point T),„ a ' ™'''' "'<"e victorious 'ost t/e„r;:hoi:,:d^::r;:: ^nier''-^^'^"-^' Pnsonera, one hundred pL"! of IVn ''"'' "'"' 'mmenae number of wa2„r "■^' """^ *" This terrific combat \h» „.^. ^ .... ■ i-- -I vampoeii hag i^,„„i. 828 p'Jfth reader. i i i r. On Li.Hlon, when tlie sun was low, A bootless lay the untrocldon snow, Ami ckrk as winter was the flow Ot Iser, rolJi,,^ rapidly. B,,t Linden saw another sicrht, Whe„ ,„o drum heat at dead of ni^.ht, Co m„.and„.g fires of death to li^d.t i he darkness of her scenery. «• Ry torch and tnimpet fast arrayed, ^ Jioi^eman drew his hattleilade, And furious every charger neighed io join the dreadful revelry. Then shook the hills, with thunder riven, J - rushed the steed to battle driven, ' ArKl, louder than the bolts of heaven, i*ar flashed the red artillery. «• But redder yet that light shall glow On I inden's hills of stained snow, A.Hl bloodier yet the torrent flow Ot Iser, rolling rapidly. 'T is morn, but scarce yon level sun Can pierce the war-clouds, rolling dun Where furious Frank and fiery Plun" fehout in their 8ulph,„-ous canopy. io.The combat deepens. On, ye brave. Who rush to glory, or the grave! Wave Munich! all thy banners wave! And charge with all thy chivalry! ^ItE S^TTLJ.: OF milEmmDE^. 339 F^'V, ,e,v shall part where ma>,v ,„eet. The™o«, «)K.n 1,0 their wi„di„g-iee'' And every turf he.u.ath their feet ' Niall be a soldier's sepulchre! NOTES. che^.!:?aXhoT;.: "'^" ^'"^""^ - UPP- Bavaria, between Munioli, tlie capital of Bavaria taM, ""'' ^^'""^^^e", or 3. Inn is the lai-est tHiItf ?' ^ f '"' '^' ^'"'^^■ large, than the DaTu e ' ".I^fl^f ^""'"' '^ '^' '» ^-^^ Swiss Alps, and has a cour e of 2S5 , 7 '"'''• ^' "'^'^^ '" ^''« >"eans /,m.s6nW^e), the capital ot'^h.r, ^^^^^'^^l^ (which 4. Moreau was the .^Se ' .o ^'7\«'''^»^'« «» its banks. with the exception of Wm.fe R '' ''": '''••^"^'' '•'^P"^^''-' ■ died in 1813. ''^m^^Ho. He was born in 1763, and 5. Munich is the canit'il nf n Alpine plateau ^^■hicl?2le lZ"'"f; ^' ''''^"^« «" 'he high l^eight Of HOC feet abov^^l^LSr ^^S 1 "l. !-^ - ^'e town, filled With all kinds of pTturoVr' T^ , ^' '^ ^ ''^^""^'"l open air), statues, flue bu ldi„r amU 'h' "h-'"^' ""^ '" ^''« 6. Prank and Hun noe o^l *"' ""^J^"^^' ^^ art. trians. ' P""^"^^' "ames for French and Aus- COMPOSITION. — .\V,.ifP 1 oJ.^^f HoHE^LiNDE.v fron. he ^ollZnrrf ^^ '^'^^ ^^^^^'^^ OP Austrians meet on the L "f r ' ' ^' ^^'' ^'''''^' and fen. 2. A dense fore . 1 1^ onn oT' ''''' '"^^ ««"-'-■ the dark. 5. The snn in the Zrni """I- ^- ^'S^^ting i„ Austrians. ^''^ mornnig. 6. Defeat of the EXKUCISES 1 Evn? * extends an enorn.ous forest" mrlT'''^^^''^''''- ^'^ There (3) The snow had cblite ated aU 7 ^'''' '^"^'^ P^^^^^-ate it. awful scene of carnage nsu ^' % 'Z" "'.' P^"'' ^^^ ^" grave (6) Rolled citric .s "nier'\i]^^^^^^^^^ ftres of death to light the darkness /8> v ?'" commanded sulphurous canopy. '*'^''"«ss. (8) Yon level sun. (9) Their 2. Parse the words in thn fnii^,.,.- „ Hie Dattie the French were vh^to^iou^Vr^:^^;^^^^^^ ^^^^^ <^' m 1 mPTH HE A ma. 3. Analyze the above sentence fall. draw. ' '"• '"""■ "">"'• I'ope, winter, ^r Z;rif ^^^^^^^^^^^ *. pa. .. a..a enormous dreary obliterate awful bewildered gleaming huge desolate annihilate fearful amazed flashing ponderous dismal destroy terrible confused glittering HEROISM AND DISCIPLTNE. Clam'orlnff, calling and shoutinR impatiently. Flank, side. Mus'tered, met together in rank. Pan'ic, great alarm and confu- sion. Vet'eran, old and tried. 1%V1 ^L 1 ? , '"* '" *'■<= "'""f' of February was AWoa Bav» anfl .),„ „„ . • , ^^o^^'nat'on shore. ^^ ' '^ ^ "^'"" "' ""^ <=o"W to the J. In the_ dead of the night the vessel stn.cl on . reef of sunken rocks, and in a few nunutes it wt p,l iai2ji- ounds as you hope, winter, the following ination, coni- se 5 make a page 32, and ig 3ets : — ierous lal 'oy ble used jring and confu- ed. steaming •"ebruaiy, ops, with red more stination eager tc i to the cL on a as plain UlSnOtSM AND DrscWUN^. 3^^ that no power could save her A wilrl »i. • 7 from the women's quarters Bu1 Pnf I'f """' ^"^''^ 74th Hio-hlanders Ji • ^''^''"^- ^^^^»' ^^ the officers a?oundhm t ""V ''"^"^''^"^' ^^"^^ his ofkeeping Ti!:^^^^^^^^^^^^^ men, and ordered the drum T K ! ^ ^"'' ^"^^^^^ ^^^^ -Icliers mustered o tt " 1 dl nl"^- '- ^^^^ '•anks, and stood in «,-i. ^^. ^^' ^^" ^"^^ their -and; of S Jer s!' r ^^^ "^^^^^^^ ^^- -m- P'-ps; the hor^sLe 1^^^^^^^^^^ Kve,on:^:Sed^i-3:^e:^:^^^ «utter, full of women .n^," 'T'^"- '• ■^''™ the Woke i„ t.o::Trirct'':.f t:r-'' men to keep t tL,> ra .tr'"'''! f -™ ''«'«-d the nothing buf obedi ce " 0^::,t t/"' """•"''' "* stood, shoulder to «),„„,, . ? • ^ """" together wUh stead, cnL'rettSeT St':^ i" /"^ ^-: escape to the women and chndref I- '"""^ "* who had been only a few week tn' ^ °"."' '°''^'^"' patient and as brave a, tLTr t!; '"'""™' ^"'^'•'^ "» Shi,, was slowly sU,li^„ I- "" "'""'•■■"'"S. 5. The b.ave soldie,rwe e w ! ""• .'" t ''^'^ """"^"'^ t'«'^« some tryin. toTwim L '"'","'" "^'^ '"""' ™kin», spa.^ that ^e^e floaTint r'';''"'lr'"'' <='"'Sf'°S '« ""y few. butthrrw!:?d?„jro; tJ'!\'"'"^ ^'"'"'^ -p^ The shore was on v two S off • '""" ''^^"°''^''''- not land, aa the sm-f * iiicii Deal ^>ut the boats could upon it ran so high !<'.■< H S32 FrPTJI READER. that even approach was clancrerous Tf,n,. i , tin daylight, looking fo,- air^n J ^i"-"::;' ^t* came, they were picked 'up by'a L;^:::" forty men ell' tor'"" ^'""^ ^^ found about dead 4r " f a!,d f 'h "''''"' S'"^" "^ ""^ '""^'«' •>"« -.eceededirs'i,: fin X; .f°"'« °* ''"-" "^ »"«» '"'"'"i^ablioie; some were devoured bv rowe(l about ; and, when a schooner. captain of nd about lasts, half men had oured by HEROISM AND DISCIPLINE. •nen, an example of eal,„ cou^.e \"fd L "«'''''^ wen to death -more uo,-,l,v If ^'^'tsacnhce — tion than the brilliam bmv! ' ! ''^'""''''""> ""d '•dmira- '.SirFraneisHaTtng:^^^^ and who was also at on!tJJZ"Z'j Po"? ""?' Univeraity „f Oxford, has writ te, T f , ' '^ '" "'<' on the subject. We haveT„ ""^ fo"»«'"'g verses is speaking. ° """S"'" "'''" » survivor Right on our flank the crimson mn went down ■t\ ciy ot women rose. ' "^Caur ^"'P f ''-"-d lay hard and fast, Her t?mb;rs t rir, '''' "'""" " '"''^''^" ™^''; The spirit of that shock. And ever, like base cowards who leave .h»-,. , In danger's hnn.. i c , ''"^'' ranks Drifted aw^v r ' ^ f"' '^' ''"«^' ^^ «teel, nited away, disorderly, the planks i^rom underneath her keel. .- Confusion spre^^; for, though the coast seen,^ T.f^^strdii^^^.j^it-'^-'-^^^ ^h^ , ' ^"^ *^ was c ear ohe was about to sink. 3S4 FIFTH READER. Out with those boats, and let us haste away " Cued one, "ere yet yon sea the bark devoiirs " The man thus ch.moring was, I scarce need Z No officer of ours. •". VVc knew our duty better than to care ^ or such loose babblers, and made no replv ill! our good colonel gave the word, and^th^lre i'ormed us in lino — to die. There rose no murmur from the ranks, no though, By shameful strength unhonored life to seek • Our post to quit we were „a trained, nor taugh, io trample down the weak. 11. So we made women with their children go The oars ply back again, and yet again \ ^-ulst, mch ymch, the dro wig lip U low, btill under steadfast men. What followed why recall ? The brave who died D.ed wthout flinching i„ the bloody sur; They sleep as well beneath that purple tide ' As others under turf. The Queen ordered a monument to be erected in Greenwich Hospital, in memory of the "Co\or^ Strte"'" ''•""""^ "^ «>- --To dta rut/ltldTb^r " '"^^"^'^ ''-' ««'^«"^' NOTE, of Port Elizabeth. ^ ^ ^^""^^ '^^ "^ing town mm^^~d3m\ J away," devours." ied say, reply, nd there no thought o seek ; lor taughl HEROISM AND DISCIPUNE. sank low. 10 died, sur*; le •ected in I'oic con- ivho died fighting IJape Col- iing town 335 DntECnONs FOB J»P4ntxT« I- Do not sav, " mZnTT "" ''°^™'- ^^^. Ayo,, tbe accent ,.po„ „^, ,„, ,,^, „^^^ ^^_^^^ ^^ ^^^^ o. Do not «av *ai?a'y:''','^''S':'""" '"'™^'' "' H-des- were on parade. (3 1 The voul ll "'" "' »'«ady as if thev veteraji comrades (4 The "1 '"' """ " P-''^'^^ S our flank (7) There was l„ us no "llonll , ^ ',""'"^ ""-'"^l »» nerv« Ofed lif„ ,0 seek. mThlT ^'' """'"'''" '^'«ngth unhon' unbrokeu discipline." ^"^ """ '""'"I heroic constancy and either as nouns or as^rb X'!f' ""' '"■"^' '"at may be used »• Give ,he verbs orth«\i- .■'"""• ""•"' *<^«'/'. etc. nouns co»... <^ J«::;^* .^^^ -»/«™. whic'lhe Wlow.u, 336 Firm HEADER. ¥4 J ilh. THE HABBI AND HIS CHILDREN. In fee, In possession. Lack, be without. Part, course. Prevent'insr, anticipating wliat lie might be going to say. Rab'bi, the Jewish name for a teacher or professor of the Hebrew Law. Thresh'old, door-step. day inthe's^h"''/^^^r *"''''"''"' ""' "" "'« Sabbath oay m the School of the Law, and taught the peonle D „„g the day both his sons died, already young men full grown, and well instructed in the law Hk wife took them and bore them to an upper chamW TaW Bodies 2. In the evenmg Rabbi Meir came home Where are my sons," asked he, " that I may Xe o theTaw r"^ • : " They are gone into thelh'oo replied he, " and I did not see them." She set before ^™^««P: •-« P'-»i«ed the Lord for the close of 1^ Sabbath, drank, and then asked ag.ai„, " Where are mv «at they also may drink of tlie ;ine o b sl^^ sne saw, Kabbi, alloiy me a question." " Sav on " be answered. "Some time .-.go," said she, "onega"; 'e again. Shall I g,ve him them f " "My wife slm„M "wZw '" f •'"'"' " ''"<'^"»"'" -i/ Rabbits Would you hesitate to giye any one back his own ?" h,?t' °1 'P'""' ^""e ; " but I did not like to give them back without your knowing b- orehand." 4. Soon afte" tne cove, iiig off the bodies. Oh, my sons," sobbed the REN. h name for a feasor of the itep. le Sabbath he people, oung men, His wife mber, laid over their Tie home, may give he School und me," set before 3e of the 'e are my lessing?" ifore him he meal, y on," he gave me em back B should bi Meir. 5 own ? " ve them on after, md took )bed the THE RABBI AND H,S CHILDKEN. 337 have you not tauZ ^/„ . """^ '"'''• "«»''W. give back wharw, "! "K"" """'' "<" '"^^^ to name of tlffLLrd be hi "i' -''"I'' """"" ""^"y^ "■« peated the word ^^^ "ff f ' f "-^ R^^bi Meir re- his heart, '^ZenT ' " *"" '''"'P*^* "^'^l'"'» "f THE MOTHER'S JEWEI^S. Archbishop of Dublin.) ». In sehooU of wisdom all the day was spent • Withr "^''r »"« K-hbi homeward'ben; Wnh^homeward thoughts, which dwelt In the And two fair children who adorned his life She, meetmg at the threshold, led him „ And, with these words prev;nt !, d e.in • • ' 'Ever rejoicing at your wished retur;,, °'"- ^h:vernruXe:z'edtdr^^^^^^^^ Upon one point which ^.« shall „„rj:ide. ,„ .. Some years ago, a friend into my care Some jewels gave _ rich, precious gems they were ■ frienT"" piaced them i„ iy „,„/JS fiineftt "«'?■»«' "<""« for them nor send But left them m my keeping for so long, tZI y, T ,'i "■""'' ''''"' '» ">« a wrong That he should suddenly arrive to-day * .^> -.u„ j-eweis tiiat he ieft away. 15 388 fIFTH READER. !'*& '4 ic'iit, 25 now, 30 What tl.mk yoii ? Shall I freely yield them back, And with no ninrmuring?_so henceforth to lack 1 hose gems myself, which I had learned to see 21 Almost as mine forever, ~ mine in fee." 7. What question can be here? Your own true heart Must needs advise you of the o7ily part ; That may be claimed again which wjis but And should be yielded with no discontent ; Nor, surely, can we find herein a wrong, That it was left us to enjoy so long." «. " Good is the word ! " she answered ; " may wo And evermore, that it is good allow! " And, rising, to an inner chamber led : And there she showed him, stretched upon on6 bed, ^ Two- children pale : and he the jewels knew Which God had lent him, and resumed anew. R. C. Trench. DIRECTIONS FOR READING. The poem should be read with great slowness and solemnity The questions should be put and the answers given with a qu ei and reasoning gravity. lu line 3. avoid the verse-accent on upon, and jom upon-the-wife to the next line. In line 6 take care not to place the accent upon xoith, but make a pause'after and, and run on xoith-the^e-words. In line 9 avoid the verse- accen upon have, and hasten on to much. In line 10 there aner t»W ' '^l'' T^'^"' °" ''''' '^ ^'^ '^ make a p use after ;eu;e/s, and make that-he-left into one word. In line 20 take care not to put an accent upon with ; it should be slurred over and the emphasis placed upon no. In line 25 the emphatic In ine S' X'"?tf:«'«^^^/<-"-^ should be regarded as one word. In hn^e 32, avoid the accent on upon, and put a slight emphasis THK MOTllllirS JEWELS. hem back, 7rth to lack to see 21 fee." I* own true rt; 'Hit icnt, 26 2nt ; »y wo now» SO upon one new anew. R. a Trench. d solemnity, with a quiet seaccent on line 6, take pause after id the verse- ine 10 tliere lake a pause In line 20 i be slurred he emphatic of the line. > one word. It emphasis 8Sd th^?r ?• 7 ^^'" "•' ''""'^ °f '^"^ L^^-r -^^WKLs from the followu,g head.: 1. While a learned Rabbi was teaching i" the School of the Law, his two sons died. 2. Ilis wife meets h.m at he door, and asks him a question. 8. His repTy 4 She takes lum up-stairs, and shows bin. her jewels. .5. 'll^r teH: lion. (i. His answer. EXERCI8K8.-]. Explain the following phrases: (1) Whatques- siTelHrledr' ^^^ "^--^ ^bought, (.sllhaveren 5 roTLT" '""■', "•"'' """^'^ ^^'"''«« y«" °f "'« only part. (5) God had resumed anew the jewels. 2 Parse all the words in the following sentence: Rabbi Me.r^^the great teacher, sat on the Sabbath d'ay in the Lh^l '; 3. Analyze the above sentence. 4 Select from the first three sections wonls which may be either nouns or verbs, like school, people, look, etc. ^ Jur^.r f T\^ """ ^^'"^ adjectives from which the foUowiu.. 2T f?;f '^•' '""'"-^''^o'^^ bl^^'^ino, hesitation, thou^M, abode trial, decision,, allowance, resumption. 6. Write out as many of the compounds of the followine words as you know:„^ace, oo;n., olve, lead, turn, decide, cZrgl thl'wnlH^ the words that are derived from, or are cognate with, the words school and law. ' iiW it i. 340 FIFTH HEADEH. V-, h % A VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD. Paut III. Anon', at once, Immediately. Commer'oial, used in commerce. From Lat. con mvicium, coming and going btnureen two towns or nations; which liself comes from con, with, and merx, rn^cis, goods or merchandise. Oompaot', brought closely to- gedior. Di'amond, the most precious of "precloiij stones," and the hardest of all substances. (It Is a doublet or by-form — as Is also the French diamant—ot the word ar/amari^, which comes from the Gr. a, not, and damao, I subdue. It hence means the unaubduable.) Bleo'trio, permeated or run through by electricity. From Or. electron, amber, whicii was the earliest substance that showed the chief phenomena of electricity. Engineer'lng:, the art — based upon mathematics — of build- ing bridges, making tunnels, canals, and railways. From Lat. ingenium, skill. En'terprisiuK. given to great and courageous undertakings. From Fr. entreprendre, to un- dertake. En'trepot', plaoe — between twa other places — where goods are landed or left for transport to another place. The place where they are finally landed Is called the depot. Pru'Kal, thrifty, saving, careful of small things. From Lat. /nix, ffia, fruit. Impreg'nable, that cannot be taken. Lab'yrinth, a place full of per- plexing windings. Metrop'olis, the chief or leading city,— not necessarily the capi- tal. Moored, fastened, anchored. Par'liament, see page 195, Proclaimed', publicly and for- mally announced. From Lat. pro, forth, and clamo, I call. ProfU'sion, great plenty. From Lat. prof undo, I pour out, pro- fusus, poured out. StaK'nant, standing, not flow- ing. From Lat. 8tagnum, a pond. Steppes, the Russian name for a vast plain (stepj). Ter'ritory, land in the possession of a government. From Lat. terra, land. Vis'tas, views, prospects. 1. North of Spain lies the rich country of "sunny Prance," — a land of corn and wine and oil, the richest and best cultivated land in Europe. It contains many large towns, and has an army of a milUon and a half of name for a A rOYAfUi HOUND Tllk WOULD. 841 wldicre. Pari,, the oa,,it,,l, i« ono of th« most beautiful c.t.™ m the wo,l.l. The terril.le defeat which F a ee received fr„,„ Germany iu 1870 she has eomplcMy r^^overed from; a„,l, her people .«,!„« the most'iS trious and most saving people in the worl.l, she is making rapnl strules in prosperity every day. France IS hterally " a land of corn and wine ami oil." HiC country north of a line drawn through Orleans, grai.^ ami beet-root (for sugar) are grown ; in the ^ iHtween this .hue and a seco.«l line drawn from ISor- rteaux to Lyons, wine is the chief product of value • .-.ml south of this line olive trees, from which ol i "btamed, flourish and ..bound. T.. ,« .t, w ot i eon bT^"*' *'.'--'t"'T.-ir. the ti,n of ^^Z leon, but ^ ranee is nmo a "new-o.., , Friuce" and seem, destined to be a peaceful, a, .-,„ .T^ Cl workmg country. Prance, I liurry from thy shore; Ihouartnot the France of yore- Prosperous days thou hast in store. 2. Holland -a flat country, defended from the Gerinan Ocean by long and high dikes, a land of canals an^Iong rows of stiff poplars,%f trim' gardens M ir '•'"','' ''"S^'* ""<'™' "f ^^ ^ops „ a ,d H!» T """^ '""'''■^ '""»'■''• «f 'liamond-merehanls a^id diamond-eutters, of stagnant ditches and rapid wmdmills, of fertile meadows and fat cheeses -need not detain us. 3. Denmark is a little, industrio^ -^.- _„ ...._ .,^^ puvvur 01 I'ruHsia took from her 342 FIFTH READER. ■£'< 'J? m Schle8«r.g.Holstc-.n; and she is now a small kingdom w,th less than two millions of souls. Sweden, a fou" try of pme forests and waterfalls, iron mines and busy seaports, can only be glanced at. It would take long to describe U„ss,a, with her vast f,.„.sls i„ ,he north DUTCH BARGES. ber broad steppes in the south, her wide, wheat-bearinii plains, her salt lakes, her mines of iron, tin, silver, and gold in the Urals, and her vast rivers, which, by the aid ot canals, connect the White Sea with the Black the Caspian with the Baltic. Sweep by Holland like the blast; One quick glance at Denmark cast; Sweden, Russia, —all is past. 4. The central power of Germany stands like a square block m the heart of Europe, - facing France on tha A VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD. Zih W . ''"""1 ™ ""' ''••""' •'^"^"■" "» t''« south, and bwedc, „„ the north. Since IJismarck came into nmver under the present Kn,„eror, Gern.any ha. be mC.^ more and more con,paet. Slio broke the vot^^"^ nfluence of Austria in Germany in 1800; J |", .b, d e power of France in 1870; Ix i„ IBn'willia" "l knig of I russm, was proclaimed E.nperor of Germ-inJ m the great French ,.alaco of Ver Jilles. ,.81^'", place m the field over a million and a half of men and more than a quartor-n.illio,. of horse,; her m t^v !»::: utt. """•"'^"°r"' "■ j^'-i- ««» ...im ; the strength and pros|,er.ty of a nation depend on teady ,ai,.„, ,,.^„, i,,.^,^^ .,,_^, ^_^__ dealh^ The l«et warns the Germans against th ir philo'm.' nf wl.om he calls "schooln.en-'but the pi lo'so h rih ^^ done thetr country little harm: it is from the r own m.htary .eal that the Crnmns have suffered most Ellw norWcser tempt my stay, (lermany, bcivare tlie day Whon thy schoolmen bear the aivay. 0. Now we have only to cross the little Geman Ocean to be ,n England .ag.,i„. Compared with m"; of the Contu.ental countries, the ever-green turf of Ei I i«nd ts a constant refreshment to the eye. E Ham N :. e.'i ofi::':,''"' r" ''f^ '-^^'y^' -^ *-— stieams, of lovely gardens, of wide parks full of ni-ur. " fioen oaks an.I elms, of sha.iy lanes and leafy ,o2 ■ ees, of pretty commons and neat cott.agea, of a law ovmg and loyal people; and, above all,Shis 1 .d^ iloArK, — the home of our fathers ' Ml..'iM^"' ''•'?^'^^'^' ^''''' ^«"«^'-^ the poet Janu. ^-'».iiu«.c-r>, wno i,u8 taken rather a zigzig course ; tB| ■»?»■*««.,•»»._. 844 IIFTH READER. m^' bni we might have gone round the world, an,i yet never put our foot upon any but British territory, ~ for the the roll of the Rnt.sh drum" encircles the globe with A LITTLE BIT OP OLD ENGLAND. a bolt Of military music ; and it would be quite possible to have an electric wire round this planet with its ends restmg upon British soil only. «. Let us then make a voyage, vis.tmg only British orritory. Setting out from Toronto, we enjoy a delightful trip on the blue waters of Lake Ontario, -the last of the magnificent vi yet nevei y, — tor the m Victoria ; p globe with -'«.«. te possible h its ends n make a !tting out the blue ignificent ^ yAGE HOUND THE WORLD. 345 «hain dividu-g our country from the United States and reach at its end the "old limestone city^'' ^^7 Leavmg ,ts foit-environed harbor in the ea ly mS' we seat ourselves near the bow of the boat, for weTn f^ not ail to make the best of the next few hours. Du"..^ our long voyage around the globe we shall not sai ^^ another nver so broad and deep as the one wh .^ we LACHINE RAPIDS. me now entering. Nor shall we aee again, till we return to he shores of our own country, such visions of varic,! ami peaceful beauty as await us on passing through the 1 lousand Islands For several hours ou, vessel seen.s to be m a labyrn.th of i»lan,ls. Here is one only a few feet across, a mere roek, with a single stunted cedar growu.g from a crevice in its si.le. There is one con- I- wr- :-;i,s t>i the eastern Medilerranei, 348 UFTH READER, 13. Now we ouike str ligbt for the S uez Canal, - a feat of engineering performed under the ^^reatest difficulties by M. de Lesseps. ^J.rough the canal, and down the hot passage of the h ., which lies between Arabia and Atrica,we reach the rainless Aden, -another British station, and the key to the lied Sea. Across the Indian Ocean, and we are at Bombay, the Vest harbor in In- dia and rapidly rising to be the first .commercial port 14. Here we can buy cotton, silk, indigo, opium, and ah" kinds of spices. Coasting southward wo reach CoU^mbo Uie capital of Ceylon,-the poor harbor c f a rich is^vnd' Fearls, all kirds of spices, and beautiful vcrk in precious stones, hard woods, and ivory, can be purchased h^re North to Madrid, where there i; no harbor: we must land m small !,oat8, pilotc-d i arougu the angrv surf which rages eternally upon its s.K.^'es. MMra^ stands next to Bombay in commercial imp oit^.acf . 15. The mouth of the B'^o^^ily ne^t receives us, and we are steaming up to Crk utta. Palms, acacias, and other tropical trees, line the banks in thick profusion Ana so we reach Calcutta, the capital of Bengal and of Indu. Sailing dowrs again, we eteam for the British Bettlen:; nt at the south ond of the peninsula of Malacca called Si.» >:apore. This is the great entrepot of Europe and the East, where the manufactures of the one are exchanged for the growths of the other, ic. Now we steer for Labuan, a small island off the coast of Borneo where there is an extensive bed of excellent coal ; and strikia? south to Australia, we pass the small town of Perth, and make for Adelaide, the capital of South Aus- tralia. Here we can buy plenty of wool and grain. East of it stands Melbourne, the largest town on that sma 1 continent Farther north is Sydney, the capital of New South Wales, the oldest city in Australia ; with i lal, — a feat difficulties down the Arabia and lier British the Indian bor in In- rcial port, ini, and ali 1 Col.<>mbo, ich isiji/id. n precious ised hire. ' we must iurf which is next to 58 us, and acias, and profusion. :al and of e British Malacca, f Europe e one are Now we Borneo, oal; and town of uth Aus- d grain, on that 3 capital ' ia ; with A VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD. 349 m FIFTH READEJe. >an«„as and orange trees and acacias. Norfhl^in piuwmg ana enterprising town n. Crossing now to New Zealand, we arrive at Dun <•; .n the largest town in this prospei-ous colonv Anon He strike due north, pass the Fiji UhuaTL^f^ |.;oii,> which no. belo4s to us, ar^ ^:^::^: reach the small island of Hon,-l J . ""'" '" this «> praising ourselves, summer, like the resurrect^ "of' ^etr clo'the"' "" imeament of the landscape in beautV ' d' a r Uy"" i^ z«L.l?:r''.r/.«."f '--^^ ^or^u.eC?iu-;: s -..«. ;.«c -cvuicuee ui our senses. 3. But to 'i 852 FIFTH READER. eulogize Canmla abo„t Cl,ri,tma8 ti,„e ..eouirca a natri- train-o. , he e„„,;;^^.^:;^ te^own wheat for the fi,. ripening in'fluenee of tie rivers, better than could the manual labor of mo ■^'w tTetlld"' '• '^f '"T *"'' '""""•■""« *« ^•-•« through the wilderness by whieh those sailors of the forest the .n.be™en are e„i,.,l, d to draw down the annual s, ply of one of our e..' .f staples to the mai^ins of f oTe , rivers, which arc to 1 ear their rafts to Qnehec at tl eZ opening of navig .^on. This cli.uate of ours thouL. rigorous ,s not unhoalthful, sin.e the average ?f ht f life m this Province h seven per cent highc, than i a!v o her portionof North America; and if the low o^"fTh^ ga sdoessometimeBinconve„iencoindividuals,weou« It to be compensated and consol.d by remeniberin" o how much benefit these an „al fall» of siow are ' l^ county at large. So much for our climatic dimcult ». Let me now say a word or two ou our geogranhical position. Whoever looks at the ma,,-,.„S " • ... invanjable public instructor - no{ sueh'C ;',,': used to have, m which Canada -as siu-k aw m,"^ he north pole, but such maps a. .ave lately 'Z^, m th,8 country- will be tempted to reganl he'fiur. St. Lawrence as the first of •oCV :....' i,,", lakes . magnificent river as only „ ,on«er 1:1.8 fo^e,: His eye will follow up through a ,.art of The tidal „c of that river the ..,me pa.-allel of latit.. ._-"_ which in.e,-sect8 Germany, aiul cu(s (hrougi, ,. ti^K ili- -oa^ es a pati i- ing in his e Lapland hat all the find piovi- ost, wrapH rving the ice of tl)« I'ooks and c through orest, the nual sup of frozen i the fii-st I, though 'f human m in any 'ssoftlie ve ought erin«r of ■e to the Rculties. raphipeartMl Oulf o( 'dour Petrol I. itish tl.at most in.orostin.Veo,.„;;/ J' '^if. '"'" l'""»j;l. ""gMto ..„ 'Hhe o„t:m. "'o'f ~; ;::: :'-^ "f' American en ernrlHo h.,« i.* i . >^^"^''» — ^*'here fron. a point „„ on^^o Vat s '"• ' "" '''•^'•■'"- than 2,000 mi),.. _ , C, , f , "'" '° '* ''°' n'°'-« PhHado p; ,VaX h '" T'"'"""' ^""'■•''l- ••■• the '"^ . Colonel I.^nfi;;'"^'/^f;- "r'''^ ^•■''''''" «3'»^^^^ we cannot LWi.-ve f nU:::.'!?'" "^ "" •'^'''>"' which risked so man. 1- •"""'•'" ''"""l-ise, cable pa«sa,.enea,rf,e'T ^'-i^'^ '" «"" » P^'cti- Northwest I We "w "'"f"'^'"'""'' "^^riand <»ieam of Jaor>n;,.,, ^' "■•'"""' '"'P^i^ 'I'M the ^-.ortest ro„X;^r ;:''2',^h;a^, "f "1' T' '"^ '^'« valley of the St ' * '' ^""""^ throu-h a little to the nolth fl r ' ^"^''^ °^ ^^'^ ^^^^^- ' .1. A^^ "^^"«»lh, the Amoor, vrblH mnv k- «-«•- ^ ^ti<- , farther oflf, but" in a r'orlit 864 FIFTH HIiADER. line, tho rich a.„l ,.o|.mI,„.8 Japanese Rroup, which for *oa th u,„ e.,...,.pn»e have .,ee„ „„t ir^,,t y oT.1 c ll^e n..»h l»le« „f Asi..,. These, M. ,',.esid em. are !. me .rhfT"'""" "''^"""»S«»; there are others , ha. I nsh refer to l,„t „„ „„ „,,^i„„ ,„• „,;, ^. „j know the fewer tlie details the l,etfer ». Now, one word more as t„ ..,„• peop|„: the deccn ... census, to he take ext mo„th, will'prohabl/stw New Kngland or the gr, at State of New Yorl<, dwluct- .ff New \ ork City. An element, over a third !, a C han one half of tl,at .. ,al, will be found to ix. „f TJnl Cm,a,l,an or.gin ; the ren.ainder is ma.Ie „,,, as the Zl .h' .a, «: ' ::"■;';""• •""■ 'T '"""*'"-'""^' »■"• ^'^ ,i , ; '"•."«»'<' »''a'lvanced matenally in the ■oof o,n.A„..,i™n neighbor,? J cannot say'that we h,.>e. M^mtreal ,s an older city than Boston, and KnK^-ston an older town than Oswego or Kuffai? f et - eonfess frankly that in ,„any n.aferial tdn^ we i™ .;.~ryhelnnd the Americans, whih.a,^,::ar '"n -not to give way altogether too much -let us « Inch they, perhaps, do not. For exan.pl,., we believed nt,l lately -we still believe -that such a «c.4^ ,L 1 jave OS one man being another n.an's chattel was wholly unknown in Canada.* And we still ho!,e that may ever continue to be our boast, u. I„ „,aterhd r^ ZZ «'«i7;--«';"| toahow, and we ^^Cl mo.e. All we need, Mr. President, mixed up and of Appeal, b„, „„„„,,! r writ '1^"°""" '''',""' "W"' C»n.rt. Uo„r, TOE LAND WK LIVE jy. divided as w, ..oturally are !, ,•„ "ontmvoreie, ^f „.ee a'd ' f^ "" "" "'» delicate ■"erce,_the cordial Xou ™ '""" P""""" '""' »"'" «P-n»i„„ of those na....oCVX: ",r ""'"."« •"•-"- "-Inch are ap6 to attend UDon? f"'"" ""'Wtio..^ these a,„e„d,„o„t,. I do T,V"""""""'"". -".d witi, T,, NOTE. ^ 'f 5. at »»<«,. 866 FIFTH READER, SUNSET. Nature has a thousand ways and means of rising above herself, hut inc()ni])arahly the noblest manifestations of her cai)ability of color arc in the sunsets among the high clouds. There is then no limit to the multitude, and no check to the intensity, of the hues assumed. The whole sky, from the zenith to the honzon, becomes one molten, mantling sea of color and fire; every black bar turns into massy gold, every ripple and ^rave into unsullied, shadowless crimson, and i)urple, and scarlet, and coloi-s for whic.'h there are no words in language and no ideas in the mind, — things which can only be conceived while they are visible, — the intense hollow blue of the upper sky melting through it all, —showing liere deep and piire lightness, there modulated by the filmy, forndess body of the transparent vapor, till it is lost imperceptibly in its crimson and gold. RmHn. "TILL THE DOCTOR COMES." Accidents of various kinds occur almost every day, and much suftering has to be endured. Life is often' sacrificed, because neither the injured one nor his com- panions have any knowledge of the means to be adopted for relief. T.) supi>ly this knowledge in regard to some of the common accidents is ^^>^^ object of the following rules and suggestions. The first rule, arid it is an itnportant one, npplics to those who would render hel|). It is, keep calm ami seh: posseaaed. "Ilaslcn Hl»»wly." ''"''■ '"'"■ '"^r-ron coM,,s. rising above estatioiis of »ng the high Ititude, and lined. The ecoines one ?very black \ wave into md scarlet, n language •an only be fnse hollow — showing ted by the por, till it • Jiuskin, n every day, fe is often )r his coin- fins to be } in regard ect of the npplies to * and self' 357 I^t'EEnr.VG AND now rn \ 'I'here are two simni , u '' '^""'^'^'^ '^' . ^ -^ % ei::^^^^^!; f an.sting bleeding «^-'^ ^'^^««« this plan is all that "10 blood comes. Tl,o place when tl,c „res • «'"e i« to be „,,p,i, ,, i, »etor of ,,,. b,„„,, ;^ 2>>"'Sl if it i, of a dark color and ,|„„,, ; a steady stream, ii ,s "«'«"«. a,,d press„,e f °"'^' 1.0 n,ado upon *''« wound. If if j^ bright red and con.es i„ ....... «,, „r ,t, «^"-K;^;::^:-.;;-7""-,emade »pon the wound or th« " *''^* ^•'«'il> is i.res^rvJ «7t force to al«trr "' "'-^ »«->■' ^^ veno.,,, place a u!^"l!l T'"'^"" «" > the blond .-. ' " ""'"" '"" *'"""'; « ■•'rtcrial, place »™m*!,) „''r'tcr"v 'W ".' '"•"" 'rom „ 358 FIFTH READER. it upon the course of the artery; then over the pad and around the limb tie a piece of rope, cord, or handker- ^v chief, and beneath this insert a piece of 8ticl<, and twist it until the bleeding ceases. (Fig. 2.) If the course of the artery is unicnown to the operator, omit tiie pad, and proceed as above described without it. ShouUl it be necessary to remove the patient to his ^'"- 2- * home or a hospital, do so gently, and watch the v/ound closely. If any oozing commences, increase the pressure. After reaching his destination, keej) him quiet " till the doctor comes." Fractured or Broken Bones, and what to do WITH them. Symptoms. — VUlxQw a bone is broken, a snap is gener- ally felt or heard by the patient, followed by severe pain. A fractured limb is shortened and deformed, and may be moved in almost any direction, except when only one bone of a ))air is broken. When moved, the broken ends of the bone grate against each other. The'pojjular belief, that there can be no fracture if the fingers or toes of the limb can be moved, is erroneous. " Till the doctor comes," a broken bone shwn to the pad, and described cessary to nt to his al, do so ny oozing ichiiig his omes. mi THE nocTOR COMES. >» .T TO DO p is gener- vere pain, and may 1 only one iiken ends liar belief, oes of the »r comes," ' position, to a })laee essary to eir sliarp skin, and ication. the limb f"'"^"" «<""" or wail' ooat.' , and tie tl,e„, fi,.„. y 'nound the limb witl, ''"".Ikerchiefc, ,h„„,,,^.^ '"•.''C08,,„eee8ofha,.„es,, the fractured limb is a '""''""f" it to the sound o»-.andbothtoaboard fi"d the ,,atie„t „,„„ l;e talcen to his destina- t'on to await a suraoon's attendance. «'- a Wide cotU^7t;t'i:Xr '"« a-"nd the Th h" Poisoned Bites » co-d or handl.erchie7;- !:'"",'.'' ^ "•''•■«^-' ""/tZ and twisting it (F,v :,"'?!' ''"'""'••■'''ovc the wound ^"tering thfge„l.atcrri .^'f '^ IrV'"""" «'<• '--n S'-cko,] out, or destroyed bv a ,;. 1 ' •""■""" """"-'d !«. red-hot iron, strong n,>,V ^j,?''' ''■'"'« '" the »o„r,d „ AS a precautionary measnr*^ h - parcel of medieinel orXie';^'; -O;,hott., »«x. --■---.:, MiiU ujll of PlO. 3. 360 FIFTH READER. the reach of children. In every case in which a poisom oiis substance has been swallowed, induce free vomiting with the least possible delay by tickling the back of the mouth with a feather or finger, or by giving large quan- tities of lukewarm water, containing a couple of tea- spoonfuls of mustard .or common salt, and in addition uso the following remedies. Special Poisons. AU acids^ such as sul- phuric^ nitric^ dbc. Potash^ lye, hartshorn. Opium^ laudanum, par- egorie, morphia. Arsenic, rat poison, parin-yreen, <&c. Buy poison, corrosive Siiblimate, Tobacco. Remedies. Powdered chalk, lime water, magnesia, soap-suds. Vinegar diluted with water, lemon-juice, sour cider. Prevent sleep for tw(;lve or fourteen hours, keep the patient walking, slap the body briskly, give strong tea and coffee. Give milk and raw eggs abundantly, lime-water, or flour and water. White of egg mixed with water frequently, and milk in the intervals. Strong tea and cofft'c, and hot applications to the body and limbs. Insensibility. Persons become giddy and fall insensible from two directly opposite causes. First, A deficiency of blood in the brain, or fainting, Indicated by death-like pallor, an exclude the ai,-, ,„„ ,t ^ '"fp« "f ••.•"•|'«, anything to pour on pientyV "1 :,:: '"''"'f ' «"« "-"o. ^ ' of -scalds, for the einde ..';,• '"' ''" ""•' «""'" "' case m-;^' be eating into the "«;,,""'' "■'"^''' '" "'^ "'"'l.in^. p;>Tstf::::/tt:n^^ hey will reauily fa|| .,ff tk ,o v >f"'"""""' "* """ "■"'«'! or scalded, for in 1^ I • , "'"' ""*<"'■' ""'■ J-ed "kin are often e „„«'•: -li '^^ '"""""^ of in- feiui;.' is increase,? .,,,d ,h„ , ' V .^'o| 1 "".'''".'''' "'« '"> «Pply Hual parts „f linseed T-ilCT' '''"' "•■"'~" °'^ -;^k and water (eq,.„, ^Ll"," :" '""'r ^> ^ "■■ '^''"" b»king.scdatothequ,>».. o Ii'., .^ a teaspoonful of 862 FIFTH READER. Fourth, Oive the patient no stimulant but hot cojfee and milk " till the doctor comes." J. W. McLaughlin, M. D. Questions. — 1. How can you decide wluither blood is flow- ing from an artery or a vein ? 2. In which case is the blood coming from the heart? 3. Why should pressure be made above the wound when blood come- in jets ? 4. Why should a bleeding leg or arm be raised ? 5. How can you decide whether a bone is broken or not ? 6. What should be done before the doctor comes in case of a fracture ? 7. How may the pain of a broken rib be relieved ? 8. What should be done innnediately in case of a iK)isoned bite ? i). What special treatment should be used In case of snake bites ? 10. Where shoxUd bottles con- taining poison be kept? 11. What should be done as soon as possible wheii poison has been swallowed ? 12. Name two easy ways of causing vomiting. 13. Give the two causes gf insen- sibility, and tell how to act in such cases. 14. How wouhl you put out the fire in a person's clothing ? 15. Why is it dangerous to take off the clothing in the ordinary way in case of bums or scalds ? CANADIAN CONFEDERATION. Alle'Kianoe, duty to a gorem- inent. Bond'ed goods, goo(is passed free of duty through one country, intended for use in another. Oab'inet, the ininiHtry or advisers of the Crown. Fed'eral U'nion,aunionwithone supreme government Uj attend to the interests of the country as a wliole, but witli local l^islatnres to doal with the questions atfeeting the indi- Tidual provinces or st^ttes formiug the uuion. Has^ardous, full of risks. Le'jsislative U'nion, a union without provision for local parliaments. Iiin'eaffe. desceut, family. Negotia tiona, treaties. Omnia'oienoe, boundless kitowl- odge, (Jod. Probabil'ities, chances. Reoipro'oity Treaty, a treaty l)etw('eii the Untted .States and Canadtt for the free inter- change of the prtKluctlons of t>otli countries ; made in ltJ54, repealed in 1866. I. If we wish to be a great people ; if we wish to form » gi'eat natiouality, eommandiiig the respect of tbe world. M.D. CANADIAN CONFEDERATION geg the five Prov incerbel li '" '"'^'' '""'"""' P™l"« "f and lineage, if ^\^ht"'°n''"'^' "^ "" ""'"•-■ '''""'' sion and attack ,.• I'"* '"''•""■' "Sainst acfgres. -posing bSVo .rSa"'1 ^O^"" ^'"'™-^'' for, of the scheme i, fitted to b„g witlTirir""^ '"""• probat on. If we nm „„. 1 1- . *' ' " "* '>«'" ap- we must see hTlmar '•' '° "" ''""«'"» r>oml\J„, great interests oSaTan^dT'"" '" "'""'' "" '"« States. I am no ^h t ! . , 1 '*'''"^' '" *'"' United pect of ■^zztzy'i^:d^ir''''-- - sense of the two nitmr.J \,7"®^® that the common cannot trust trprSitTe" "rh?' " "■"•' '"" ''« legislature would bo waM ' !„ , J"^" So^"™""™' and if they ran any risk TTS f "' ''"'^ '^ ">« people at this momm 1 e„t, , *"" """ "■" ^'"">'l States «ions, _ tlTa the LT^i '" " """ "^ *'"""""'" ''"•«^^'- again and alin ^TsTn ", ,' '"'' '""' ''"•'" ""^^i" •- ture again IC W^' ' 'T '" ""^ '""^ '" "«' f"' -ultf v.::Z;,t2;~^°7- what may be the mea„resZ"t^„'L^, "*''■■ '""' r""""""^' '" "'"'k"' Hons fo^ait?^::z:;r pr- ::^: xn'- whieh n„„.X !?.. :'"'.' .'.'"- '^"■'«'' »*■««». - a foefiuLr of • ==, —■"•■■- 'n*cau«e,_ in consequence of the '^f^' *■■ d64 FlFTIt HEADER. irritation which now exists, owing to the unhappy state of affaire on this continent, the Reciprocity Treaty, it seems probable, is about to be brought to an end; our trade is hampered by the passport system, and at any moment we may be deprived of permission to carry our goods through United States chnnnels; the bonded goods system nuiy be done away with, and the winter trade througli the United States put an end to. Our merchants may be obliged to return to the old system of bringing in during the summer months tlie supplies for the whole year. b. With ourselves already threatened, with our tra..o8t i»,,,„,.ta,K.o to hLfh^ •""."""■ " '' "f "'" that wo shin J™;;:4^ '';""?•>« --g-i-l. «o '•egion of paitv -to wL^ ^^ • " '''•''™'' '»'"'*''-■ the "Ot elevat'ed by tie I Z o '""■"" ''""'"''•- ''''° '» hy tho action oVaLther-Xirthr """ '"""•'''«'" and sovereign of all « Fn ♦!.« .'^ ^"® ^o^n^ion head continno tlfe .^n f ostX"::!"'" '^^ "■"'-« »" has existed in this Provinc^f^i, 'o if^r"";'""' ''''''■'> 'ong prevailed in the notho :„,''' "l.T'-'' '- sovero gn, or in thiH ,.„„„. .■ ^""""y- With us the "ovoreiln ean a ::rX''" ,"'''"'■7^'^'' "^ '"" those ministers bein^ L," „,» r';'"? "' ''« "''"'■"•■•■■s, I'arlian,ent. One ~ ^ ! ' "'" '"'"P'" "'™"Kh vanco towards independence S?! ' " '" "" "* that the very fact of'o,^ f^„;i„:^° '•"' "'" m"eh.usho the time when we sha e s :!rerf:"""'.r"' '"'^"'" country. I have no ant„.„I, ."T """^ ""^' '""thcr it will Lve tircr.' .;trt " f ;';r,!<'--'- . ^ '->-- e.-ow stronger, that as it i7fcit in f"„ T",""" "' *" become a people, able frn,„ ! England we have Populatio,!, and Vh dt" olVT?' "•"■ ''""'^'^' »'"• take our position amonl ,. r . "" '■"'"'"'•™' '" will be le^s willi„; "o "L" " r'""rf "!•-' -•'-'. «ho '■» VVucu H '"»ir to part with lis th VSJtiJU 00 o -" t'... V niui US t.hnn sh^ 1 -i . --broken up into a „„„y;:Vi;;;-^ I 866 FIFTH HEADER. cant colonies, subject to attack piecemeal without any concerte.;;'l. i» the «,..„., mcountn, • liko Eno-In.wi . . "^V ^*'^^'*' '"'^ >t w onfv -t,-. a„J ™fe irot f, 'i r.r:.'? "'"""■'"" ""^ of an u.,l„.i,lle,, den.ocrL t " ,""«''-' *" ""• the B.iti., K.p.::i?:t;r;;;;';;::-:,^^^^^ free inst tut ons of ♦!, i • i f tl-c'eharaeter Io..i,latio„, and "hoi : h "r""'."' '"-• '"'fi'r "f h«r eonnecJn ^^iZj^tZZf T similar to thL whid' .I. ■'''''''''''-"'' ^^ '"""il'lo' These, alth„„.h,7ot„',r-";"V''" ''"'"'"""" '" ''" "e. you can mal^; ;ViZ "^''f ^"r-'*' ''""«"'. "f whioh overwhelming "va 1^, ••"':•"'"''""• '«« "f «"eh standing a, al.antir,.*'" '"""■'= "'""•*««« and the people of .hie eo„„ J, a.^irL'S ""^ ^ ^^ NOTE. *"••'''*« ^- ^^«-W,/. thc'soutWnltS/li'-S' ol'^'"'''" "^^ ^^«rth«™ and war between Great Brit^ * and t^TT"'^ '^*' threatened forcible removal of two t' uh ''. ^"''^^ States was the thehlffh--a.*- -_r.^_«"fh«'-ners from a Brif.iah «.^, "* -v r, uaicea States man-of-war. " " '"' '"" if MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) 1.0 I.I 1.25 m 118 116 143 US 3.2 3.6 4.0 1.4 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 A /APPLIED IIVMGE Inc 1653 East Main Street Rochester, New York 14609 (716) 482 -0300- Phone (716) 288- 5989 -Fox USA 368 FIFTH READER. AMERICAN FUGITIVE SLAVE BILL Part ot' an Address delivered at the first anniversary of the Canadiar Antislavery Society in Toronto, March, 1852. Fortunately the law so strongly condemned does not now exist in the United States. 1. I recollect when I was a very young man I used to think that, if I had ever to speak before such an audi- ence as this, I would choose African Slavery as my theme, before any other topic. Tiie subject seemed to afford the widest scope for rhetoric, and for fervid appeals to the best of human sympathies. These thoughts, sir, arose j far from here, while slavery was a thing at a distance, while the horrors of the system were unrealized, while the mind received it as a tale and discussed it as a principle. 2. But when you have mingled with the thing itself, when you have encoun- tered the atrocities of the system, when you have seen three millions of human beings held as chattels by their Christian countrymen, when you have soon the free institutions, the free press, and the free pulpit of America linked in the unrighteous task of upholding the traffic, — when you have realized the manacle and the lash and the slot-hound, — you think no more of rhetoric. Tke mind stands appalled at the monstrous iniquity ; mere words lose their meaning, and facts, cold facts, are felt to be the only fit argument. 3. I am to speak of the Fugitive Slave Bill of 1851, and if we search the statute-books of the world, I know not where we shall find its parallel. Let me recite the provisions of this infamous enactment. In the first place, it enabled the slaveholder or his agent to seize his " chattel " wherever he found him, without any warrant. You cannot arrest a criminal of the deej^est dye without a warrant, but a AAfKRlCAN FUGITTVE SLA VE BILL 369 seized at any moment without any form of law In th« next ,> ace thi. law forbids the freemen of the No h ot liberty ! P„„,sh a man as a criminal, in the American TeChL t7b"f "e sympathizes with a bonclsmr^ of fh- K „ " . "^^ • '■ ^"°"'«'' --emarkable feature the f! . 1 •" *^'''"" ••"'"""•'fy. ■■•"'I Handed over to the Federal officers. The slav-eholdei-s felt that H ei lol^- t^r I," '■'""*"- '"« "•-' i» "'« hand f . lookmg to Washington for their orders. The United States Marshals ,vere made the chief man-catchero t^.e,r «,spect,ve districts, - the United States tW bill. And these function.aries are bound bv the sever est penalties to carry out the law. c. In all oth r ctses held "■■ ""'"'"Kf ' *""*' ■™'' ""-er public office,^ re held responsiWe only for their fidelity and diligence • vTi'^'.*^''*'"'^"^"'™''^"' 'oP-nirf' a man for that ^'h,c , he did not do .and could not avert. Then aAi'n the bdl compels the free Northerners to turn Xt theb.ddmgof any Southern miscreant who "lain , a h.m down hke a beast of prey, and sending him back to bondage. Let not Northerners speak of the r ^^ States a ter this: they have no free States. The ^ u the most degrading of slavery. Professing to ZZ the a rocous system, for the sake of their dollars IhZ necks, they allow their free homesteads to be made the huntmg-ground of the m.an^tealer. «. The b jd villany of the South is not half so revolting as he dt picable subserviency of the North. Tell me no mo.: "^ }om aet. .Northern States. Did the true spirit'of ?.ro FJFTII READER. Bi^ IV. V))orty ex'..4t, an enactment such as this would be laughed l^ scorn, and an attempt to carry it out would rouse a fueling at the North which would shake the foundations )f the "peculiar institution." No, the full guilt of ^he law rests upon the North. Labored arguments are .'onstantly coming from evangelical Northern pulpits >>alliating the system, — nice criticisms on God's law in regard to it ; but for my part I cannot listen to such arguments; I sweep aside all such theological humbug »nd find a solution of the whole question ir- the grand Christian rule, " Do as you would be done by^^ 7. The question is often put. What have we in Canada ^o do with American slavery V Sir, we have every thing to do with it. It is a question of humanity, and no man has a right to refuse liis aid, whatever it may be, in ameliorating the woes of his fellow-man. It is a question of Christianity, and ao Christian can have a pure conscience who hesitates to lift his voice against a system which, under the sanction of a Christian altar, «5et8 at defiance every principle of Christianity. We have to do with it on the score of self-protection. The leprosy of the atrocious system affects all around it ; it leavens the thoughts, the feelings, the institutions, of "Vhe people who touch it. It is a barrier to the spread ■of liberal principles, a Who can talk gravely of lib- *irty and equality in the States, while slavery exists ? Every intelligent American who professes to be a Chris- tian and upholds slavery, is committed to a glaring infi- delity which must lead him continually astray, in trying to square with it his every-day conduct. We are alongside of this great evil; our people mingle with it; we are affected by it now, and every day enhances the evil. In self-protection, then, we are bound to use every effort for its abolition, that our neonle mav be laughe.l i)d rouse a )undation8 11 guilt of iraents are rn pulpits hVs law in ;n to such il humbug the grand • in Canada iverything y, and no it may be, It is a an have a le agaiiist tian altar, lity. We ion. The und it ; it :utionSy of ;he spread ely of lib- ry exists ? >e a Chxis- aring infi- astray, in uct. We ie mingle jvery day are bound 30Dle mav AMBRKAX FUGITIVE SLAVE BILL. 371 are Americans; on ,.s a, weu":': "^,,„ ^:Z'Z "I P""^«'^'»g tl'e l,„nor of thi, continent O , u.^ on at Furol'^^ °- '"'"'■" '^''''"'^'- "'''» "i^t look. Inland yet left to uphold the fli,.r of freedom can reflect without en-otlon that the gre.at .publ;^ ^"TT"""'!- '''''''"'"' mSrebas:!;:' ' :; ot e, .„. How cru.sh,ngly the upholders of tvrannv in o i>er lands mu=t turn on the friends of liberty ! Look at nen to be born free and equal, and keepin• ij "'jw^gy ah' * h'' i 'jV 374 i^/Fr// READER. FOREIGN ELEMENTS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. NonMAN-FlCENCH AND LATIN. f ) ^* J^1 Northmen or Normans M'ere warriors who came from the Nor h of Europe, or Scandinavia. Pressing always farthe nch vai ey ot the Seine, which tliey wrested from its msses was cal ed the G a, ir,er, because he was so tall that the small t L'; n ' '''''^ ^"^' '^'■^"S Northmen broughf^Tith them their own rough Norwegian or Norsk speech; but after settling m the valley of the Seine, which took fro.inhem its nanie of Normandy, they gradually dropped thei o n an was^mr?''""'^ "1 ^^"''' "' "^'"S ^'•«"^'^- «"t this F ench was not the same as that which we now find in French books court ^f'.!;f^^^'^^t^«Co"f«^«sorwas educatedat thisxNorman court, -at the court of the Duke of Normandy; and on his ZnZnll r ''"^^"^' "^r""' ^" '^^^' '- introducecUirNo" n an-French language and manners into his own English court at Westminster. Then, in 1066, Duke William of Sandi who declared that Edward had appointed him heir o tircZn' came over to England, fought the battle of Senlac 01 Hast^^^^ defeatea Harold, and put his Normans in possessiok of 'he lan'd' and ot eveiy important office in church and state. WUh his Normans he also introduced Norman-French. 4. Tl is language became the language of all courts of law in England orfll military affairs, of the higher priests in the ClLtf "ts al'" teir lS.: f 1 ^'^ '", "^"^^ "^^^ compelled'to tZs?^^^: their Ldtm into and to speak in. This state of things lasted for nearly three hundred years, -from 1066 till 1362,- wSen Edward Engnrt Buf: permitting cases in court to be"d n wf , """"^ "'^'^ ^^'"^^ '^"^dred years Englishmen liad been learning and using a large number of French woX^ and thus many of these words took a place in our language and have remamed with us. Even country people tried fopTck up ^LISH ^ame from ys farther :i70, to tho ts posses- tollo, wlio the small ijed upon ughfivith hut after them its own Ian- is French ;h books, Norman- i Norman d on his the Nor- Ish court *-niandy, e crown, lastings, .he land, >Vith his anguage d, of all was also iranslate isted for Edward ■aded in lishmen I words; ige, and pick up FOREIGN ELEMENTS IN ENGLISH. 375 '^oZl::t^':-f^ Z^^ ^^^ ^speke French for tongue large numbers o Norrn p^^^^^^^^^^ words, as has already been sai^l T.vo ??. ^'''''^'' ^- '^'^^se "ot spelled in the same way -^t ZlTv''' f""^^ form-are from the Latin pomdulLhtX ^'""'^^ ^^'•''«- Thus, J'o^^uZa^/on, and oXXnetCir;" T"^^ ^^^"^«'- in Parisian French is peu2- whifeT p '"'^^'"^'^' ^»»«h was in Norman-French w men ^t ^f'"" ^'^"^^^ ^''^^''^^ ^e...>-and hence our w™;!""^^^^^^^^^ '''''' ^'^^ -bitten certain words, Norman-French pefers an toT''' ''' '"''' ^" and an e to an 0. P^eurs an to a u, an r to an s, theVlrln^rnctifv^er^S^ ^^ °- ^-^-ge by The Simple won" or oSrf^^^^^^^ -" worthy of 'note' /i^«r.en; .A:y, sun, moon, and L«''. tut ? "'"'' ^"^"^^' ^^^« neHc) names: :i^:(-;:rr:f;,t;'F^ r r ^- ^-^ objects, as pa/aU .aS t^tr^'^S ' a' '^ ^ '^^ ^^^"^- is not a single French name or anr/i ' "'^^''^^^h- Tliere ture, -plough, harrow, spadl ilau\^f ^^^^''"^ '" ^S^'^"'' English. The names forte sii^pV^iTefo^fT"' ^" ^"^^ lish, as wjoo/^eu shirt hoa,1 hnt>,fl °^ ^^^^^ ^^^ Eng> and the higher terms^rextl^"^^^^^^^^^ '"^ ^^^ ^^«^-'^ co5««me, annor, mail, and fa^r Q w k ^\^«^^^«<' ^^^««. in -Ivanhoe," Notice that wL iJ^^^^\'^' country clown they have English or Saxon nil I ? ™^'' "^^ ^^^ ^^^ alive up at table thfy take fineNor^r' "' ^^^"^ "^^^ ^''« ^^''veci and mutton, ol and Lef ITTn r^^'f ' . '^^"^ ^^ ^^^« «^«^i> names of things about a shin ^ ' ^^^^^and pu//e^ The mast-^re all English- I^ZT V"'^' ''"''' ^^^"^' «^«-'^' ^^^*» only one, the significant name or.^"""""-^''^"^^ contributed Norman-French invader mTvll ^^-''"^ ''"'^^ «" ^^'^"^^^ "^e eyes the land he "Tabout to ."""^'"'^ ^''°"""S ^^"^ his well-known names orelXare'allEn'r f ' ''^ """P'^^ ^"^ -•«^er, 6ro.Ae., .on, and CCrwhilf^^-^f^'n "''''"' consort, ancestors and othnro J •/^'""y. wnc^e, aun«, ^ank are English if the d!Init ' ''"'^' '^^^ "''«« °^ high s"sn, It the dignities existed amoni. Uia iPr-i'-*- 876 '^'m HEADE]^ peer, es,„un; a.ul many othe-s are Fri?.h a '"''' '^'^'"'^^' that are nam.s of state only 2 is IW h t. '^' "'.^' """'^^ of great importance, -A^/^r/rfoT- hnf ' "^''' """' ''"^ ^« -Hler tl.eir rule tl'.at thesf t ing" aLnrwUh .7"" '' "^'^ were introduced. ^ ' ^ ^*^'' '''*^"' names, 11. The faotJhat an KnirJish u-.w.i »,„. sion in two different wayT^- first "^v t u T" ''''V'' ^'''" (or Latin at se'-ond-l.and T ?> ^, Gorman-French gate .ate (or Latin atll^, ^ i^^ ^^-'^ ^X ^he L^tin non of i DOUBLETS or Uy-foumJ 'n ! ° ^''^^ plienome- As different forms of tl e I aMn^, / " ""i" ^'"''•^"'"^ ^'"'/««« •nt words. Thus also t "afe/l ""' ' '*^^'' ""' "'^^' ''^^^-- Latin. ' j^ , Benedictionem Captivus Conceptionem Defectus Exemplum Factum Factionem Fabrica Fragilis Legal is Pnngentem Kegalis Senior Separare Traditionem Benediction Captive Conception Defect Example Fact Faction Fabric Fragile Legal Pungent Regal Senior Separate Tradition L.« (or N.'.fK) Ben i son Caitiff Conceit Defeat Saujple Feat Fashion Forge Frail Loyal * Poignant Koyal Sir Sever Treason The following is a list of the most important NORMAN-FRENCH WORDS * WITH SOME EXPX.ANATIOX OP THEIK DEmVATIOXS. * A few ordinary French words have been mixed with then. FOSEIGAT ELEMENTS m ENGLISH. 877 lost It; b„t It .Xainttr; ""'''•"f '"■'■• '''»l«). """■«« tlngton and hi. Cat." VI Ittir, V" "'" '""■' "' " ^1.11- ".ado himself rich by hi, Se '-'^ta''. '" n *'''^'''' "' f-""-. commerce. '^' """ "' '''» purchases, or his -X^nSri^gtiaT TlnstlT""'^'- ^■™" "-nch (4) Anooator, from O d pt ,'"''•'"''•"■'"''»■• » 'rom Uti„ „„.„r, ?';r tU'Xtf!^"'-'' «-*'-). p4'«t^Trle'"rar''?L.*„"'''''-°^'''T'- '"■" i"- !■««,„ „,. quiUj). """ """'" i"-"/'^. "euce English propH,. EngWsh meant a landing o Hi,, Th,! 71''' """»-'" O''' ta the fourteenth ce„t„,y^ saysTf'lL knight'''""'^''' '^"" '""' [The D in w„f .""? " °°'"'' '"•'^'■'' '""• '» '"■en-" llp-«eS'o"rXM "'""''"" """ " '" «-■-' "<>"• being bou, am arrow,, carried by thesefvanf ^H"' f.'""- '"'• «' "'« arUUerv. servant of Jonathan, are called «i'i?fr„'L;t!™:eir"*trTitr'' '"•■" ^°" '">"" ««- word is French with ariSL';^,: t^ '" """' "'■ '^''« f- iriS'ntr " rS" 'r^! '^--. 'o Orink); drinking. ^ <^*''" ^'^^''e, to drink), to keep co2,i^: ,Frm*„^:r:; r™ ^"" *'•'• '•"- »»<> '■ ■) Ca.e, French c ; TL^e f^rr'r' ' ''""■"•°"' ''«•> (12) Canal, French c„,„/ 5 •/"""■"• '"^»''«- water-pipe, fr;m ZLTti" X/n [h"' """'"r """"''• » come «»»!o« and c/m„„e/ uf. 1... T . '™"' ^"n ""rd doublet of canal. ' ^ """"■ «" »'"«•' '» » by-form or nJ,!sl f^mS/ciri.S^^^'atm't,""^ ^''"" «"""'■ capital.) ^ ' "^'*''' ' * '^♦'"^ tlie same word comes 878 FIFTH READER. (14) Chamber, French rhamhrr t^r.^ r u "•M of » Ju,lg„ „„™ .uf people wt^^ a d calittf 7"'^ century a military oxnodiZ nn I. . ^^ ^" *^^ fourteet^th vaucMe; hencr nrobl^ hv T ^^?«»'^'^'' ^^s called a^..- Chase. Vrhere%sToS;pYac:Th.^:r ^^^ as Chevy Chase. ) ^ ""' *" ^'"S'^"^ o*" Scotland (18) Damsel. French demoiselle a Wm^ lo i * .(a™.,- from Latin ,lo,„ina, . ady The S ■^"' ,'^'''"'-'" my lady, became In French maZL , , i ,?','" "'™ "'<""'««. l.aa bee„pare,i down t^m "yZ";:'^ ^Sf' """',"' """^ " letter, have been cut down in p':'<:e':-ot liT to^rr" "' "'" do'mhlioTo?";!:"1 *s; '["'" '-7 ^''"" *'«'""»•'•"»' Thus the phrase went "TirdiL? f.""""' '"'""" P»«"^'- In "The Merchant of Ve^tfe " I^ y ^ "editor', rfawer. " (21) Fay, Norman-French form of Frpnoi, tp^. * recalled; tromTc^/tZ^'^\^"'« »?<*«' ""I -ot to be /«.e (=ta. about'aVC .^1:^ .Z'/P.^t' J-^OJiEIGN ELEMENTS IN ENGLISH. 879 does not therefo e ree/saH,^;^ "'/'"""• ^^-^^^-^ beasts are not shul in- a r^lrlT, . . ^ f ^ '^''*"'« ^''« «"'» In.") "• * ^'''^ (parcua), where they are shut (24) Frank, French franc (roo /Ti.n.. of Germans, caUod by Sar fL ^^'^"'^^^« ^ powerful tribe and gave the na/ne of Z. J/To T't ' T'" ''""'^"' ^''"" been given to the nianlv m a v J "'''' "^•"*' '''-^^ «'«o right and freedon of Lt ni ^r «P«nness,/mnA:,- and to the chise:^^ ""^ '"^'"^' /ranc/i/«e. Hence also er^ran- gradually vanished. ) "'^^P'ace. (The guttural hard c has have never been able U^'frfZjl » ""ZT'^T"' •^'"P"' (27) Oawky, from French gauche, left hand f l „. i son IS one who uses his ritrht hand ..iV w 1 *^*"''5' l^'"- ftenoh say of an En,>n hmn X "1^7™ ,'''' »"• ''"'■<-■ l.a..ds, and all hi, fingers are thumbs.-.,^"' "" "*""' '''' ""' before his lord/piardTh I ;^d^M*rj- T''r'''^»' *■■'''' <"»"« Ws lord, and salS, "1 ^:J:::fo^:i^Z-'T *' "'"'" °' same ,«it. iL keener^f I ; , "' *" '""' "" "" ''»■» "» changed into o to.) ""^ """" "'" ^''"""•- »»» 380 FIFTH HEAVER. (The guttural c has vanished. ) ^^'^nicet. Latin gaudia. (31) Journey, from French iour a d«v. f. r «/ourisdeuvedfromtheLatinS'andv?fV/ • ^^"" ^^■^*- m tl,e one that is in the other. tL 2' a rj-'' ""V"''' diitrnu8, daily; Jam flike Tfalmn • ^ are (^tes; adjective, From the sanfe^oUu^^^^^^^^^^ " day);jor,.,W. ^ (33, i^eisure, No^-zCer ;r ^rr ^ f r '"'• Latin liccre, to be lawful („„t to wrk) °^*'' '""» .af \'.^r^;^X2irntor 'So--^^ -o form ™ fe„(, still ,d„„„ i„ Scotland „'^'''' N^^^n-Prencl. n,an*e„ch real (hence «ate SLS -3 T,-," "^""^ fealty.) ' ^^ni real), una fidelity was (85) Managre, from French jwenar/P " ,,^ horse "; Old French mes»««P«n^^' government of a the hand. '""^' ^"^ m«t.na^e; from Latin mant.«, (37) Marquis (or Maroiw-^) ni,i u v uamraer. Latin marcften*, a^o^r" o" ''sS ov^"?'"""?*'' ' "■»«' Low tbe En,pi,* in the' time of CI a itZe. ,11^ '' 7 """" "' ;»«rt 1, not to be confounded w uSrc-, S T,"""".!' "■• Z^en^ar*, the Inr^^f^Xntrand^:™? °' ""^'■>-' tormeny^inuster, aZa'iim o'L^nT "" """''""' (39) Mayor, a French form of fli^ t Qfi« ,— , .eat. ,Xh. ha. ^ rj^^^SranS' S wort used In arithmetic ,°U !« „, ""'• '''''"' I""i" ; a diminu- •tin gaudia. Latin dies. not a letter adjective, jour. ) lor lies, from U or law). ">); from wording to an-French IS in ]Sror- lelity was mt of a n manus, the feet; hammer. rom Low limits of narch or really a Btme als« e Finns, ; Lati> linisterf T, from d then In min,' Latin rwards 1 PORETGK ELEMENTS IN ENGLISH. 381 Old EngUsh S;' I '"'^"''' ■" '" '*"""«•- '^»"> wfd'eri vert «™,'''' '"'""'1' ""'•'"''"• '^o- P""^"" »«™»i. be derived from he ?»^ I'"' " ™» mistakenly supposed to henee to mZ git t," The"",'' *'"''•' "" "^""^ "'•'' "»'' compared with n„r ,? T '•"PPing of the n may be o>;s°,Trm[z„tJ«asr'' '"■-™ -»- oit? (°:de"T;e„Tl"wW "L '"'«"'"^.'™- O'" >?-* *e same root eomT^X'^trUh' ,!;:i,:-S.,er" .. 382 FIFTH READER. DatS-H^Z-'v'™'", '*''™»-F'-«id' Peasnn (modern French French Jn; *e v„ gar'oS etc (Z''' "V" """"'' "■""■ pagan, a, Christianfty wrftrprJcItdTn^n" ""I' *'"''' (61) Perfume, from French par/urn- from Tn«n <■ smoke. From the same root com'l/C;, J^™ .^^ ''"'"'"' hand from the LaLXtld 'Ja'^rir ''"^' "' "''' J^p^l'l^LlroftSTdo^-Lr^^^^^^ pmltl^Tridfr"" "™'*'- '-o* ^"'■' O^"^"^"' Latin (56) Prowess, from French prouesse; Latin «ro6«s ^ond inaTr:ri^v;:^-;r^-^^^--^ pliS X'l^'v/'''"' ^''"'^ ^"^'•^"^' I^^^i" 9««''^-^«. a com- plaint. (From the same root comes querulous. ) catfi.^ro'^uarT ^iZrf'T'' ''''''' ^"^^^^^^" ^--^' 9wa«„oV four /Thu , 9««^'-«^^, tp square; from Latin .,. ,,^.jj, ^„5-.. j^^.„ ^_ j^.^ .^^^j -^^^^ ^^^ down.) i era French eivftn t.n FOREIGN ELEMENTS ,N ENGllsff. 333 witlUhe purel^EnS; verb rlr:, "!"•'' T "^ ™»"»'n««l Of rise, an., coLer sapor), ^^""^ ^°«^ «on»e «a»or, savory (Latin (65) Salary, from French aalatrp- T«fi« - » , ance maci. to the Roman soldTeS fo^ sfltT'''' "" ^"'^'- root come salad, sauce (u f or7 1/ • ' ' ^'''''" "^« ^^^^^ nolfin'rral^r^se"^^^^^^^^^^^^ -«. a ,,„„,. ^.J^ English language with the spelinj^^^^^^^ *ound, from Old Enelisli ^..L ^"® ^^^'^^^ are: (which also giv^s fane and Li T"'"''^ ''''^ ^^^'" «««'^«. with swim, iZlZriTu!^' ''"^^' * «^''^«^' ««nnected second meaning of This is thL^- '''""' '''*°^^' ^"^ ''«««« a i,n«„d f "1 , *"'* V^^ swimming bladder of a fl«h- --^ unde7the wlver""" '"'"'"' ^^"^ ^"° -^^undarerto^dive •384 FIFTH' READER, (67) TaUor, frop Prench tailler, to cut. A Sword-smith was called taide-fer ^ cnt-iron (from Latin fermm, iron; frow which comes the proper name Telfer). (68) Trouble, from J'rench troubler; Low Latin turbiilare, to malce muddy. (The letter r- is a very shifty letter. Cf. 77*ree, thirH^turn, trundle; hum, brunt.) (69) Turbot, French turbot; from Latin turbo, a top, after- wards a turbot, from the likeness of the fish to the shape ot a top. (Similarly the Greeks had the same word for a top and a turbot, —r/iom6o8.) (70) Varlet, from Old French mslet ; from Low Latin ms- saletu.% a diminution of vaasalus, a vassal. From the same root come vaaso' valet, and vavasour, an inferior vassal. (71) View, Nonnan-French vieio (modern French vue); from Latin vid-cre, to see. (From the same Latin root come at first hand vision, visible ; provide, provision ; supervision ; and, at second hand, through French en-vp, interview, etc.) (72) Villain, from Old French vilain, a Tarmer; from Latin villanus, a farm-servant, or one attached to a villa, a farm. From the same root comes village (from Low Latin viUaUcum,' a collection of small farms). Milton calls barn-door fowl villatic fowl. mith was m; from hulwe, to If. Threv, op, after' shape ot I top and latin vas- he same al. e); from le at first r and, at m Latin a fami. J latictwif tor fowl .4 I