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THE r" ^ntigallican P R i v a t e e R| I* '- ■'♦.-^ GENUINE NARRATIVE. -. -IP ; •■ <■ 1t^WJ\^^ "*1'. ^rice One Shilling,] ^ N 1 wm>'^-: *Wlm g);t'i33 i-itija^skx-asssss^caaj \ ■3 tl T 't\ r-r f~r^ t >i r-f. f-r r-r~ V i -.1 ^ < K^mxi^^.:^^ i...~ K ^ 'U- ,avrr a-;i;va;i a>!luH% ^ ^.- r T.oo-r:J:;-2.':'2t3ie^'iH" i r;3',;:!:;i^r''5^iO'i55:il| /^ 'i'* A ,> "I *^ ?.::'^ ;^.;:1:- T H E / V '" • Antigallican Privateer ; >:> ■ ■..... ^ ' '■■ ;VT ■^^'- \' ■ ■■; . ■• ^ -■;;v::, . - '■ -.- Being a •■,: ■'■''^■'■^•"^- . , "• GENUINE NARRATIVE •/;■,.;- ^r^M'^ F k O M HER ' ' '--^ .^'' , Leaving Deptford^ Sept ember 17, 1756, .' totheprefentTime. /.. Containing) among other Particulars^' An Account of the taking the DUKE de P E NTH IE VR E Eaft - India - Man^ which was afterwards detained at CadU ^ and the Proceedings thereupon. . • * ^ To which is added, ,v A Letter from the Escurial 5 to Lord f^- . Shewing the general Sentiments of the Spa- niards^ in Relation to the War between England and France. By a Gentleman juft arrived from Cadiz. V"v-''^ •':'''' 'fO N D O N:'" .. .'^■"^-S"/" Printed for J. Reason, oppofite Serjeant's Inn, Fleet-ltreet. Mdcclvii. '■ ; / .' .■ , >:. r- ^tV (, ''!-y h :• » ; 7 ■: ' rT !:MA:3IJa^5>l^^* ■* ♦ ■' . *i ":-.•« .J. »« •»• ,*■ «U .4 -J... ■>H, rr*; tiifi:'' •;i» *i O .1 -l t;^^^ ^.r^^'-^. >• '>3s^ ».:«L. ^|:f^Rr^^^;cv^-di: "t^ >., ••..;*, t *-,«fc^- ^.H,^^»**>'MlvwMd I- ♦ « 4 «f '■■*'■ PO ^ r •m.i ^ ' -,■ ■ . .-■ AN „'; > '•■'V' *»*• O F T H E .r" '--< ACCOUNT I. ♦f..- ■ . 1 j» J a ;■' ;'; Antigallican Pri va teer, ^c. ^^'v\r; vui:{i\y?l ®i :t.- ^' ;'.''i-' '-V ;;l-'. -'i ^JeOeOer^ S the Affair of the Buke de Q * Q Pefjthievre^ a French Eaji^ 3e( § India-Man, which was ta- k.)8C)9C)8Cjj? ken on the 26th of Decem- ber^ is become ferious, and like to throw a Bone of Contention be- tween the Courts of London and Madrid ; it will be no difagreeable Entertain- ment to perufe an Account of the Pri- . ./ B vateer HW" vateer which took (o valuahle a Prize, and is now detained at Cadiz-, a Port in thfe South- We ft Part of Spain ^ as re- markable for the Strength of its Out- works, which no Strangers are allowed to vifit, as for the great and extenfive Com- merce carried on to all Parts of the known World. w tl o V ( ; -f. ^ It 3* J J' V From the Summer 1754, at Waf with France was forefeen ; daily Accounts ar- riving of the Fre?2ch Encroachments and Depredations ; numerous Complaints were made upon the Subjed by the Earl of Albemarle^ the Britifi Ambaflador at the Court of Fr^;zc(? ; but that Nobleman was too much addidled to Pleafurc to dwell any Time upon a Matter of Im- portance. He was cajoled by the French Nobility, and fo much taken up with the new Fafliions, and the feveral Modei de Paris, that he did not purfue with any Eagernefs, that which might he of ^ the laft Confequence to the Nation he reprefented. As Negotiations were fruitlefs, and the News - Writers of London had got a proper Subject to work on for vending their Papers, the EritiJJ: Court fent out fome Forces in the Summer, 1755, un- der the Command of General Braddock, ., who w M fi2Je, *ort rfc- to )m- the [ 3 ] ■who by his Obftinacy and Harftinefs to the Men, more than fiom any Superi- ority of Skill, or Strength in the Enemy, was defeated by a Party of French and Indians^ and killed upon the Spot. This Lofs, though fmall in itfelf, was yet the Caufe of the War; France rofe in her Demands, v/hile the Court of Great Britain refufed to renounce the leaft of her Pretenfions, and gave Orders for feizing the French Ships of War and Merchantmen upon the open Seas. This was called, by the Court of VerfailleSy no lefs than an open Pyracy, and their Ambafladors at the different Courts of Europe loudly complained of it. War being inevitable, and the King having ^[iven Encouragement, by his Royal Declaration, for fitting out Pri- vateers for cruifing on the Ships of the Enemy : Numbers of People joined in the Scheme, purchaftd proper VefTels for the Purpofe, among which the Flam- borough Man of War, of Twenty Guns, then a Merchant Veflel, and named the Jiying Flamboroughy in the Jamaica Trade, John Bonelle^ Commander, but now the Antigallican Privateer. Bz There nmmm^ I [ 4 ] - The Society of Ajjtigallicans is fo cal- led from the Endeavours of its Mem- bers to promote the British Manu- FACTURiEs, to extend the Conrimerce of England, and difcourage the introducing of French Modes, and oppofe the Im- portation of French Commodities, •' ' v •tC. » "..- }-y This Society has fubfifted for a confi- derableTime, and always was compofed of GeiQtlemen of the bell Charadler, an4 Addrefs, none being admitted but Per- fons of Reputation and Loyalty ; nor indeed were the Members of it ever more remarkable for true Revolution Princi- pies, than thofe of whom it confifts at this very Time. Few Nights pafs with- out concerting fome Good for the Sake of the Publick. And amons: their other Schemes was that of buying this private Ship of War, The Propofal was firft made by Wil- liam Smith, Efq; a Gentleman of real Worth and Charader, and fuffici- ently known for his liberal Donations to the Poor J the Scheme was relilhed by the whole Company : And Mr. 7or» ington, who lives at prefent in Chel- fea, having informed them, that the Flamhorough Man of War, then in his Pofleflion, was a Prime Sailor, for (he I ■ « ' Im- ■'i [s] frequently runs, with crowded Sails and a fair Wind, fourteen Knots an Hour ; it was agreed to purchale her of him, v/hile he himfelf became a Sharer. . , . On the Seventeenth of July, (lie was put into Commidion at Deptjord, and entirely fitted up for the Service ; being caicened and duly prepared with every Thing neceffary, Spectators crowded from all Parts to fee her. The Gentlemen proprietors brought down their Ladies and Daughters, who were handfomely entertained on Board, and every Perfon honoured the Captain with their Appro- bation ; for the Vefl'el was not only fit- ted up, but every Thing on board her wa§ new. She mounted Twenty- eight Guns, Twenty of which were Nine Pounders, and Eight of Four ; as alfo Sixteen Swivels, with Two Hundred and Eight Men, commanded by Captain William Fojier, a Gentleman, who by his Merit only, attained to his prefenl; Station. He wasCockfwain on board the Defiance Man of War, commanded by Captain Greenville^ who was killed in the Eni^age- ment between the French, under M. de Jonquiere^ and Sir Peter Warren ^ for Lord Anfon had po Hand in the Mat- ter; [ 6 ] ter ; * on the third of M-^^, 1746, Here Mr. Fojier's Bravery was taken par- ticular Notice of, not only by the Cap- tain, but^ by the oth^^r Officers. And on his arrival at Portfmouthy he was pro- moted to the Comiiiand of the Veflel, which is our prefent Subjedl, and is of Four Hundred and Forty Tons, ^ Every Thing being ready, (h€ (ti fail from Deptford on Friday the 17th Day o^ September^ 1756, between Twelve and One o'clock, amidft the loudeft Ada- cnations, the moft jovial Chears and Huz- zas ^ in four Hours arrived at the Hoftey about four Miles from Grave/end, where the Advance- Money was paid to the Sai- lors, and to the Marines. Every one of the former receiving Five Guineas, and the latter two. She had fix Months Provifion, all of the produdl of Middle- Jex and Kent, generally fupplied from the Eftates of the Proprietors : There was not the leaft Thing in, or about her, but what was entirely Englijh. .f;;;;. > • I ■, *■■■ i. . > •■*- ." . After * That Morning he defired a Council of War, but Sir Peter told him, ** There are French Colours flying ! which is a fufficient Council of War," and fo bore down upon them, while fais LoKlfliip lay at a Dillance. [7] i-r^y^ ^ :* » ■• . * After waiting five Days at the Hope, the Veffel fet out for Margate, where, in about eighteen Hours, fhe arrived, and the next Day, weighing Anchor, failed through the DownSy and has never lincc been at an Anchor in any Port belonging to the Britip Dominions. I . k, /> *... In about twelve Days and an half, from the Twenty-fecond of September ^ fhe cleared the Land's End of England^ and failed a South- Weft Courfe, which was frequently interrupted by thwarting Currents, and by contrary- Winds. How- ever, nothing could break the Courage of Captain poftery or fink the Refolu- tion of Mr. Robin/on, the fir ft Lieu- tenanCj nor yet of Mr. Merrifeld, the fe- cond, who is at prefent Captain of the Blenheim Privateer of 30 Guns; but above all, nothing could intimidate the brave and refolute Tars, who did not continue long without a Booty for their further En- couragement ; for between five and i'lx o'clock, of the Sunday Morning, being the tenth Day from clearing the Land's End, a Sail was dilcovercd right a-head, with the Wind upon the Privateer's Quarter, being then in Lat. 43^ 12', and IOC Leagues Weft of Lipon> The Tars, on hearing the News, raifcd a chear- ^^mnmmmmm *t chearful Huzza ! every Man had a Glafs of Efiglijh Brandy, and a Brfcuit given him, and with a large Wind they bore down upon the Prize, which fled as faft as poflible, but to little Purpofc, for the Privateer gained Way j and about twelve o'clock, being come within Gun- (hot, the French Colours were taken down, and thofe of England ereded. A Bow Chafe Gun was fired, and the Men on board could fee the Ball drop within two Foot of thj Veflel : Another was in- flantly difcharged, but did no Execution. However, the Antigallican was quickly within Piriol-fhot of her Prize, then ad- vanced under her Lee- Bow, and running along- fide of her, the Frenchman fired a full broad-fide into her. Our Top-fails was quickly backed, we raked her afore and aft, wounded her Maft, and one of her Hands, on which (he ftruck. The Captain hoified out his Long-boat, and came on board with Twenty-four of his Hands, the remaining fix being left to take care of the Vefifel, which proved to be the Maria Iherefa of fourteen Guns, and thirty Men, with four Englijh Pri- foners, Part of the Crew taken on board the Warwick Man of War ; (lie was a VcfTel of two hundred and thirty Tons, laden with Coffee, Sugar and Cotton, '. :<.'•' .r • -u ■■>:.■ >?.. vi r , and V [9] - and valued after all Dedqdlons, at twenty, three thoufand Pounds. . »,f •■■» -^■-Vfc »■ • ^ tion. ickly / 1 ad- ning fired i-fails afore le of The and f his ft to ed to xuns, Pri- )oard 'as a Pons, tton, and. I i ,.jXhe French Captain affeded to put on an Air of Gaiety from the very Beginning ; for having treated the En^ glfjh Prifoners extreamly well, he made Ufe of them, gave every one of them two Shirts, two Jackets, two Pair of Stockings, two Caps, one Pair of Shoes, and a Pair of Trowfers, yea, and far- ther, gave them Coats belonging to bim- felf, and his own Ship's Company 5 ** for ** faid he, I am foon to fee more £«- *' ^^{/^f hut you are my flrft Acquaint-? \^ ance9.**:i4»iir-4lv:7 i:n.to-wH. 3^^^'* ^^-^ The Prifoners, at firft, wrought iloutly on the Quarter- Deck, but after firing the firft Chafe-Gun, they were put be- low the Hatches. The Captain himfelf was the firft that informed them. That they were relieved: And opening the Hatch, he fays with a Smile, '* Come *^* out Gentlemen, Jt be w/ *wit you, but Having come on board, and paid his Compliments to Captain Fo/ier^ and ' the Lieutenants, and the Ship's Com- pany, he was courteoufly invited into the Cabin, and treated with all poffible . C Rer i^'^r [ 10 ] Refpcd and Regard. In the mean time the Prize was taken PoflefKon of; every Thing was faithfully delivered up, nor was there fo much as the leaft Ihfinua- tion againft the Captain's Honour, C3^- cept that of throwirlg a Prize with art hundred Louis dors over-board, which I own I did not believe.'^^^ 4^*^?^^ ^ "^ ^ t wtt i The Maria Therefa, being now ia Poffeffion of Captain Fo/ier^ he put Lieutenant Merrifield^ with thirteen Men and Boys on board her, with feven Pri- foners, and in fix Days jfhe fet fail fbir Port [mouthy where fhe arrived fafe to the great Joy of all Well-wi(hers to their Country ; the other Prifoners were put on board other Ships, fuch as Danes^ Dutch^ and Swedes^ with fome of whorfi the Antigallican frequently fpoke.' ' 1^ :• Of all iht Dutch (h^ mdtwith, I do not believe therfe was one who had not Goods on board for the French Merch- ants, but they were either bound loCork^ or Dublwy or LiJboTiy from Rotterdam^ Amjierdam^ &c. but not one of them was going to any Ports in France^ if one could believe the Mynheers, Nor in- deed could any Neceffarys be bbtained from them \ they always complained of *''^ •■'•,. ■" 4 ■...!'.:./.■? .•■*.*, t ^'j a'fhort ^ «(^. -'-' -A ■■r- \ 5 put iMeh n Pri. lil for afe to 3 their re put Danes, whom wt • I do d not lerch- rdam, them f one r in- ained :d of fbor^ ' i 1 ■/! i a (hort Allowance for themfelves. How- ever, an Algerine, who was on board the Antigallican^ and was Captain on the ftarboard Side of the Forecaille, and could fpeak Englijh very well, one Day bought five Gallons of Holla'dd Gin, which he afterwards fold at a good Price among the Ship's Crew, who bought it at the rate of Eight-pence per Quartern from him, fo that it was con- fumed in an Inflant. The Weather now turning hazy and cold, Captain Fo/ier ordered to fteer fur- ther South, and in about five Days, met vvith a Snow of one hundred and eighty Tons, from Bourdeaux^ laden with Wine, Bale Goods, Pitch, and Diftilled Wa- ters, valued at fifteen thoufand Pounds. With this Prize the Antigallican failed into Madeira^ where (he continued for five Days, and then fent her away for Antigua, ■..., ,-..,*.../., .... ,-. . .., , , Then weighing Anchor from Madeira^ flie fleered North-Eaft, and in a Fort- nights Time, was chafed by two Men of War, one a Ship of fi xty Guns, and the other a Frigate of thirty, which cer- tainly would have taken her, had not a Calm come on, by which Means fhe plyed her Oars and got ofif, ,yj C 2 Next Next Day (he fpoke with a Dutch Man, who informed Captain Fofler of the Duke de Penibievre India Man, with whom (he had fpoke in Lat. 39^ 2oh^ three Days before. The News was com-* ^ municated to the Crew, who heard it joyfully, and behaved with a true Anti'^? gallican Spirit as will appear from the 1 following Journal, -i On December 26, cruifing ofF the Coaft of Galicia in Spain^ at Six in the Morning difcovered a Sail ftanding in j we gave Chace under Spanifh Colours, and being but little Wind, we rowed, and by that Means gained on the Chace j at Twelve got with in Gun fhot j the Prize gave us a Gun, upon which we then down Spanifb Colours, and up Englifh j flie then gave us a Broadfide, and killed three Men: We did not return a Gun till we run clofe along-fide, and en-is gaged her till Three, when (he ftrucka We found her to be the Duke Pen-- thievre, ^A ;m:vn.4^.^i9v!, ■ -m : /:"*-! '■''Vv::-! ^. i\i f-.i)^ ^^UX-^£l^^'^^-¥l' ^•: January 6, 1757. "At Eleven this Morning off the Rock we took in Pilots for LiJboHy and got within the Haiboufs Mouth, but a ftrong Gale coming on, fplit the Prize's Main-top Sail, and drove her out to Sea, We followed -•-r— ' •/ her id *"!. O the the in : [ ^3 ]■ her out, and fent rur fmall Boat a- board her with fmall Sails i the Boat* in returning with two Men was loft. From that Time to the 2 ad we wcie beating to Windward, endeavouring to make Lijbon^ but could not 5 tb^^rcforc refolved to bear* away for CadiZy it be- ing the firft Port ^ye could make j our Diftrefs being fo great, the Prize not fteering, all her Sails in Pieces and our Ships lo leaky, that the Pump was al- moft canftantly going, our Bread almoft expended, and not above ten Days Pro- vifions left ; befides receiving Advice by the St, Alban*s Man of War of five Sail of French Men of War to convoy their Indiamen home ; For thefe Rea- (bns we wenttoG?^,) b-v? ?;- pn'* -.i On the 23d we arrived at Cadiz ^ but were obliged to perform Quarentine for three Days. .. v::.i}^i,z-- -ir^-. ^nv>;.->-:;. On the 27th theConful, ViceConfuI, and his Clerk came on board, and took the French Officers Depofidon, who wrote them themfelves, and in the French Language, who among other Things voluntraily declared on Oath, that when they engaged us, they were diftant from the Light- houfe of Corunna between ., ! h^^i between two or three Leagues ; that they did not fee any Fort, Land, or hear any Guns 6red. - /• - . ~ - . ^:,*«, ^^r^ « , '<-,' * r* «f ■» » Oh the nth of February v/t had Leave from Admiral Navarri>y the fame 'Who commanded the Royal Philips off ^oitlon^ Anno 1744* for our Ship to go to the Cat-actas, to be refitted at the King's Dock ; the Prize mained in Cadiz Bay fafely moored, with fome of our own Officers and Grew, till her- Condemnation arrived from Gibraltar. >'■ - -w-'ix -"■».•• » > ' ,:YY->:.'i-^ *' J.i I • c -^ ' •v* ■ j'i:u V ■■*«i!; ;. On the 19th the Governor fent for the Conful, and told him he was obli- ged to fend Troops aboard the Prize, having received Orders from Court to detain her. Tiie Conful (Mr. Goldf* worthy) protefted againft it in the ftrong- eft Manner, as it was contrary to our Treaties, and an open Violation of the Law of Nations. The Governor or- dered all the Artillery on the Walls to be loaded. Gunners with their Matches lighted, fix Companies of Grenadiers ordered to be ready with 19 Rounds of Shot, two Companies took Pofleffion of the Prize, feized our Arms, Maga- zines, &c. two other Companies marched to the Forts, and the other two marched -,^ t >« ii »v1vt *^ J*- ,• on I'S] on ))oard the jlntigalHcan at the Carat- caSy which laid like a Hulk, for the Guns, Arms, Sails, Mafts, &c. were in the King's Warehoufe. In the Evening the Governor, being corifcious of the Illegality of fuch Proceedings, fent Order to withdraw the Troops from on board the Prize and the Antigallican^ after hay- ing broke open fevcral Chefts, and car- ried away every thing they could find of the Officers and Crew, and the very beef that was dreflihg for Dinner. JlTlTf February 26. The Governor fent and told our Gonful, he had Orders to de- liver the Prize to the i^r^T?^^ Conful : Captain Fo/ier was fent for, and ac- quainted with the Governor's Intention; he told him he would put the Prize in his hdhds till there was a 'Hearing at Court 5 but the Governor refufed it, and would inftantly deliver up the Prize to the French Conful The Captain, as there wtre Engii/h Colours flying on board, faid they (hbuld never be ftruck but by Force, and then withdrew and went on board. The Governor, terrified at the Captain's Refolution, confulted with Admita] Navarro what to do, and demanded his Afliftance of Ships to ex- ecute his Orders; the Admiral prudently- denied h M i denied any, but the Governor ii?fiftlng, in the King's Name, he was obliged ^to comply, and ordered the j^menca, a fixty Gun Ship,' and a Frigate of thirty-fix Guns, to obey the Goyernor's Orders. ^^if]' f^'r* March 2, The Ship being along-fidc ihc. Prize, and the Frigate on her ^ow, fent an Officer on board and ordered the Englijh Colours to be (truck, which the Captain forbid ; but at the fame Time offered to receive thirty or forty of the Spaniards on board, till the Af- ^r was decided at Madrid^ which he refufedj and at Ten both the Spanijh .Ships began to fire, and continued, with the lower Deck with round Shot an4 .Grape, for three Quarters of an ]^our. ^t the fecond Broadfide our Colours were (hot away ; they ftill continued firing for Half an Hour after, and kil- -^drpne Seaman, and wounded feven, .five pf whom are fince dead. The Prize never fired a Gun, nor made any Refiftance. An Oflicer came on board, and took our Captain on board th§ Commodore, and fent him afhore. ^be Captain, with Conful Goldfworthy^ waited on the Governor, to know his further Commands. , . ■-'VJ-W -Ctix •;«,- iAiin-' March fting, bliged enca^ ate of rnor's g-fidc )Bow, dercd which fame forty e Afr ch he , with Dt an4 Hour, 'olours tinued d kil- feven. The made ne on board ifhore. mrthy^ w his -51 ■ [ ^7 ] March 3. In the Morning fomc Spanijh Troops were fciit on board the Prize, with the Town - Major, the French Conful, and Monf. Roje^ her late Supercargo, and fent all our Offi- cer and CrcW alhore, where they were received by Soldiers, and condudled inftantly, to Prifon, or rather to a Dungeon 5 and a little Time after they feiz'd Capt. Fojhr, at our worthy Conlul's Houfe and carried him to the fame Prifon, withont any Provifions or Ne- cefTaries, but what the Conful fupplied us with. ... ■•••■■ .,,. i ■' Gn the 5rh, a' Courier arrived from Sir Benjamin Keene^ our Ambafllidor at Madrid with an Order to our Conful, from Mr. Wali^ the Spani/Jj Minifter, to the Governor of Cadiz^ '' to flop •* all Proceedings whatfoever againft the " Prize," upon which the Captain and •Crew were difcharged from Prifon ; •*' and to confuk with our Conful alone, " and to let her remain in our PoiTeflion, '* but not to fufFer her to depart from ** this Port till further Orders 5 " upon which our Conful demaned Re-pofTcfiion of tihe Prize, which was refuled. . ^v, . \ * D On "mmmmmmmmmfmi it •>M- T-'i'^'.-f^N [ '8i On the 6th Condemnation of the Prize atrived from Gibraltar^ and was condemn'd only by the Depolitions of the French Officers on the 20th of Fe- bruary^ being two Days before flic was forced from us. . *»,'> » \ J., I !? It. From this Account one muft be fen- fibly affcdted with the great Difappoint- ment the Proprietors, and all concerned^ met with. /. J. •TV On firft hearing the News, fome of the Proprietors waited on Mr. P/V/, the Secretary of State, who from his ufual Regard for the Honour and Intereft of his Country, laid the Matter before the King, without lofing a Moment. His Majefty truly concerned for the Dignity of his Crown, and Profperity of his Sub- jeds, ordered a Courrier to be difpatched to Madrid^ with Inftru*■ \..-'j His Excellency, on receiving the Pac- ^ ket, prefented a Memorial to Don Rt^ cardo JVall^ who had been Minifler from Spain to the Court of London for feveral Years H of the id v/zs ions of of Fe^ le was )e fcn- )point* cerned^ 3me of '//, the s ufual crcft of }re the t. His Dignity is Sub- >atched ie Bri^ on the ima ■' )'• I [ -9 ] Years, and he laid the fame before the King his Mafter, who had received two Memorials on the Side of the French fomc Days before. . . ' ' } • -<■ -,»■ The Abbot Frijchman^ the French Ambaffador, was afTiduous with the Members of the Spanish Miniilry; and much about the Time that Sir Benjamin Keen gave in his Memorial, he prefented a Paper containing the Depofitions of fome French Soldiers in the Service of Spain^ and of the Mafter and Crew of a Felucca^ juft come from Rocbefort^ s^s if fcnt for the very Purpofe : iCf « «c «c (C 'tfyi .,:'i-1 fv;^.^ «><( :>7; *♦:. * The Prize, wjbich mounted fifty Guns, had one hundred and eighty Men on board, but fome of them fickly, (he fiif- fered much, had twenty killed, and forty wounded. She is richly laden with Tea, Silk, Velvet, Tapeftry, Gold Shoes, Rhu- barb, and Piece Goods, &c. and is computed to be wprth two hundred thoufand Pounds. • , A . ;>iii I fliould have dwelt longer on the En- gagement between her and the Antigal- licariy but Grief, for whal has happened to my brave Countrymen, obliges mc to draw a Veil over the lamentable Subjedl, which becomes the more in- tolerable, when I confider how much the Concern of thofe who have loft their Huft)ands and Sons, will be raifed to hear di the Difafter, a Difafter Mr. Maf, I the gthe irotn fur- lother Guns, n on e fuf- forty L Tea, Rhu- nd is ndred C 23] fufficient to ftiflc the Projed: of any other Adventurers s but a true Antigalf lican will never be difcouraged by Oppo- fition, nor deterred by Difappointment, having long fince adopted the Advice of the Sibyll. 7u ne cede mails fed contra mdentior ito. Let boundlefs Courage, boundlefs III dif- Cpifc, Sill forward prefs, tho* Ills on Ills arife. f fX^^© A LET- f' * a-. .* '.», # ^i^^i. ;^iti^ I- '^ s^,^ ll "f^f"^' ■ <.i ;•"< " i; 't; „< i.i J <,-<~, r« -' ■ ■rvi ,.!»' ;:>,;;■■- * v,^ .rs* ';*•>; W l-ir'i,:-l- :l^:^''-^iSi-'^ !)»"'■' ,,^v , ^-,>-^;Vi -■V?iS- «; "^CVM'j^:>uVi.J .Ji,^*»*.u > Ui; •V' "-•:- ». H^ ai ,/. ,^ V-,; ^^^iU'.A '■-* .■■<^," •CJ'^^ '-->*' i/'4 im M'«. r -.:;;-j''-'- #'^ n • T'^ ^T i likvJiiii ■*« /'V I !l D-'^s ] -1 f i ^- > :.■ .(• S.^.* ■■ Ji L E T T E R * ..' rv^^ r;;(i^ FROM THE E S C U R I A L. -'ii »i j'jUii."-> j» ,-^'- '-'«'* <'^Ui-i'>-3^v ■'"■"f..-..". ^t ^^ ^"tfr '^ 4? "i^ >** "t itro- JCTC* ;ht& ^uri- Peo- \ as the Merchants in Thames-Street, and tlic other trading Parts of the City of London are to the Parfons and Curates of the Church of Englhnd : The Clergy in both Kingdoms (I mean the inferior Clafs) are equally treated and refpcdted in both Kingdoms : The fame might be faid in fome refpedt of the higher Clafs ; for I obierve that in every JPlace, and among all Conditions of Men, Affluence and Riches procure the greateft Vene- ration and Efteem. The Archbifhop of Toledoy whofe Revenues are computed at an Hundred Thoufand Pounds per Jin- num^ receives as great Honours as a Subjeft could defirc ; but indeed all the Homage {hewn is but the Effedt of the valuable Tithes he poffeffes. i . I ~ ►'^ It may not appear incredible that the Spaniards do not much regard the French ; in EfFedl thefe are hated by them ; for the Natives of Spain are apt to throw all the Blame of their Difap- pointments upon them : They have not forgot the many indirect Means ufed by the French, both in Europe and America, for worming them out of the feveral Branches of their Trade, and how the Natives of France come down from Languedoe and Picardy, and enhance the whole Wages of the Labourers in the ^ • Kingdoms ; " [.8] Kingdoms of Galict^y Catalonia and Ef- tremadura^ and their Encroachments in the Weji'lndiesy are notorious ; an In- Aance of which I (hall give for an Ex- ample : ,^^ ^ ^j, ,^,j J • ■ ua'"^^}y.jri-:V'i}fit .«'i The Ifland Hifpaniola came after feveral Changes and Viciflitudes to be poflefTed, partly by the Spaniards ^ and partly by the French ; who at laft found Means to get the better Part of it intq their own Hands. The River of Neyba, which ftill takes its Rife from a Ridge of Mountains near Maquana^ at firft run- ning South- Weft for about twenty Miles, did, after feveral Meanders and Wind- ings, difcharge itfelf into the Sea, at the Bay of ^raban^ and was the fettled Boundary of the Poffeflions of the two The French^ in Procefs of Time, ob- ferving an Eminence, which, if cut through, the Courfe of the Water would entirely be turned to another Channel. A Paflage was digged, the Water-Courfe of the iVi?);^^ was di . erted to the South by Eaft, by whiph it run into Cape Alongiay a large Trad: of Ground near lixty Miles in Length was gained ; and the Frerich, lince that very Time, have kept Poffeffion ofit. To r % • To enumerate the Gallic Encroach- ments upon the Englifh Colonies would only be tedious, and the Fadt is notorious : The Spaniards are fenfible of this, and" that nothing but a Want of Opportunity would prevent their meeting with the felf-fame Treatment : The Opinion of ikit Spaniards is, that the French ought not in good Policy to be admitted into too clofe a Neighbourhood. They have not forgot how much they were outwit- ted in the Affair of the fine Provinces of Perpignan and Roujftlhny which were ceded in Complaifance to the French for '^ the long War fuftained in Spain, only for the aggrandizing of their own Fa- mily. The Kingdoms of Ca/iile and Ga^ talonia, were, during the Campaigns of Philip the Fifth, one continued Field of Rapine, Plunder, and Cruelty : The French Officers feemed to have delighted in Blood : It is true, the M. Duke de Noaiies, when Commander in Catalonia^ did, by his Moderation, in fome Mea- fure, alter the dreadful Opinion the Na- tives had of the French Soldieis ; but it Vii;ill be a Work of Time to «raze the Memory of fome inhumane Barbari- ties. . , Ai:. t'?' 17V t >i ^ And here I muft obferve, that to this Day the Mildnefs of the Earl of Peter- " •" ' ' And I A / V ^■ [30 ] AffffGUgi, a NoWcman of. ehe gresteft A- t^\tie$» is remembered with Gratitude and Efteem; the bright and fhining^ Qj^lities of yoA/l, Duke $f Argyle, while' AmhafTador at Madrid^ and General of the Britijh Forces in Spain, are faithy fully handed down to Pollerity. Wliilet fpeaking of this Nobleman,, fo renowned inr Conqueil, and (killed in Council, I bog Leave to fubmit to your Lord{hip's Judg-» Oicnt, the following Latin Tranflatiori of that inimitable Paflage in Mr. Addifon'% Canjpaign, comparing the Duke o^ MarU borough to an Angel fitting; in the Whirl-* wind, which I apply to- the Duke of Argyle^ both .wl^n ^tMtilffhquet and oa Sienffmuir.x^dlo caioy;;.iull . ,- ^ ;uii * Angelus hie veluti ccelorum jujfafecutut Fulmine terribili terrain tonitruque tre^* r}j;ii: ^ ^ • • -j" ^m (mendo Qincutit horrifotiam ! qualem fenfere Britanni Mquorei nuper^ fubito fremitante pavore / Injedit nimbis, mitis per inania veSius J^^^e^mtur M^r^dfita Dei^ ceu turbine tor- ^e Polp Jixos dextra jaBante procellotf. * So when an Angel by divine Command, . . ; With fifing Tempeft fhakes a guilty Land, Such as of late, o'er pale. Britannia paft f Calm and fcrene he drives the furious Blaft 1 An4 pleas'd th' Almighty's Orders to perform, • -^ ^jips in the Whirlwinds and directs the Storm. M ['31 J ,1 hope your Lordfliip will pardon this DigreHion, when I info!t;m you that I fometimes divert myfelf in Paraphrafcs o£ this Kind at my Icifure Hours, ^: ^ . j\ It is not for the Intcrcft of Spain xhkt. Prance (hould aggrandize herfelf, ci-i ther in Europe ox in America ^ny further: The proper Natives of Spain are cpo-; vinccd of this, and the Royal Family,! though a younger Branch of the Houfe of: Bourbon^ are not infenfible of it. They> do not defire their Frersb NeighbourSi fliould extend their Dominions beyond^ the Rhine, or fupprefs the Houfe of ^-. Jlria, being fully afTured, that if the Grand Monarch Hiould fix the Flower dif: Luce in Germany, that the Pyrenees wiUi be but a weak, and flendcr Barrier to therti upon the Southern Quart or, ^ ^^ , . ^ » > ■U./if hi 'i* 'i-A\ Every Perfon knows, that when the-. Pyrenean Mountains were fubdued on thci Side oi Spain in the long Warsof X«?i£^/p} XIV. and the Alps on the Side of Italy^ the Apennines themfelves were infuffici- ent to oppofe the Arms of France ; ^ and it is in a Manner pad Doubt, that if the Jbuke of Marlboro Hgh had not gone over; to Flanders at a Time when the French^ had pafTed the Donube, and the Swedes the f h i li ['32 ] the Oder, the Empire would kave beert utterly undone : An Event, vvhich, in the Iflue, would have been a great De- triment and Lofs to Spain, Italy y and' Portugaly as they would next feel the Weight of the French Arms, tho' not to the Ifland of Great Britain, whofe Treafures have been exhauftad, Blood fpilt, and Trade in a manner ruined and facrificcd for the fake of a Place, whofe Inhabitants look upon the Englif:) as fo many Barba- rians and Foreigners, feperated by Nature, diftinguiflicd by Cuflom, and generally as different in Religion as either the Subjcds of the mod faithful or yet the mod ca- tholic King. •;•;'--♦" i'"^ -; T- r ^ - And here it is obfervablc that the Sea-V Coaft of Germany towards the South is in the PoffcfTion of a People whofe refllefs Temper under a King of a haughty Di(^ pofitioji, with the Policy of many Princes,- formed them into a Republick at prefent no lefs remarkable for the Grandeur they have attained, than for Selfiflinefs, and the many Ways by which they outreach the Englijh Merchants, not only in their Trade thro' the Empire, but in the di€c- rent Articles of Commerce with the Ha?Je ^owm, and along the Coaft of the Baltic^ but even in the Eaft and WejUlndies ; in both which Places, the^y do more Hurt to the Britijh Merchants than the Subjeds of in [ 33 ] of the Grand Monarch : of this I fhall give one Inftance which is not only no- torious, but is frequently n>entioned at the CofFce-Houfes of Madrid and the E/curial^ but particularly in thofe of Ca» diz ^nd Seville* ^ .,:.v,.- • , . • • • . ^.-::^X'-^A <- ' ' ' * The Dutch having ever fince the Year 1590, that Afy«^6'^r Simon Cordes failed round the World, fettled a Communi- cation with the Spice IJlands^ which lie along the Coaft of Indian beyond the Ganges^ and extend almoft to the Borders of China, have ercdted Settlements in the moft confiderable of them ; to thefe they fend Soldiers every Year without any Noife or Bravado, for the States of Ho/land tho* a Republick, yet keep their Bulinefs a perfedt Secret ; their Votes are feldom printed, and their moft material Schemes are carried on with as much Secrecy, the very Life and Soul of every expedition, as any at the Court of France ; they take care to engrofs the Spice Trade wholly to themfelvesj for after their Ships have taken in their Lading from the Spice Iflands, which in fome Years amount to 5000000 Florins, their Soldiers are fent into them to cut down the Spice, and throw it into the Sea, that neither the Englijh, who in the Language of People here gave them F their % - i .iwi i jiaj n WJ l M iw w in [ 34 ] their very Eelng, and contributed to raife them, to that high Power in which they are at prefent tho* to the Lofs and Detri- ment of themfelves, nor any other Nation might profit by the Remainder : For I do afTure you the Spaniards have much the fame Reo:ard for Dutchmen, as thefe have for the People of England-. The Spaniards are fully convinced that nothing bnt a De- fire of withdrawing Trade and Commerce in general from them^ more than the OpprefTion and Tyranny, under which they pretendedly groand, was the Caufe why the Portugvcje ]cm^di the Duke of Bra' gamaa, and aflifted him to mount the Throne, or why the Anceflors of the Dutch united under the Prince of Orange for eftablifliing a Republic : With the Northern Nations th^s Spaniards are but little concerned ; and while the Court of Madrid keeps fair with any of thefe Crowns, I mean either with that of Pe^ terjburghy Stockholm or Copenhagen^ nay with the Republick of Hamburgh^ fhe need be pretty eafy with Regard to any of the other two; for thefe furnifh with Tim- ber, Pitch, Tar, Cordage, Flax, Hemp, and other fuch Commodities, which the Court of Spain ^ by due Care and Diligence might eafily enable the Natives to furnifli at Home : for the Mines of Old Spain both f [ 35 ] both in Gald and Silrer are numerous and rich, tho fome of them were exhaufted by the Carthageniam in the Firfl and Se- cond P^/wV Wars, and afterwards by the Romans and Moors^ which laft commited the moft irreparable Ravages, a Circum- llance that tends much to exafperate the Natives of Spain again ft them ; for the Spaniards are far from being inhuman or bai;barous, "more remarkable for Cruelty than Courage " j I know very well that t\\Q People of England, are apt tc look upon the Spaniards as Cowards and inca- pable of Fighting, yet I do aflure you that in this Particular they ae much mif- taken : The Spaniards were a very brave and martial People in the eailicr Ages of the World, and made a great Figure in the Carthaginian Armies, nor was their Behaviour under the Romans lefs remark- able ; th^y made a moft fplendid Figure at the Battle of Pbilippi-y have ftiewn the moft generous Efforts for Liberty, nor were they ever Slaves, till enthral'd by the Fetters and Cords of a gloomy Religion : Sure I am, neither the French or Moors have Occalion to call them by the Name of Daftards or Poltrons : the former have but little Reafon con- fideriug the many Defeats they have fuf- t^iped from the Spaniards, particularly » « > ■ . . at -i ft ,1 i- ■ li! [ 36] at the battle of St. ^intiriy where Philip II. gave them as fignal an Over- throw, as ever the French or any other Nation received : their Generofity is no lefs remarkable than their natural Abilities for underftanding the Sciences, and difco- vering the Inconveniencies that may at- tend any Enterprise, which laft feems to be their particular Talent ; the Conqueft of Mexico is indeed horrible, as it is re- prefented ; nor can it be denied that Cruel- ties were ufed, but thefe in fome mcafure can be extenuated : nor would I have the People of England or indeed any other Nation, form an Idea of a whole People by the Condud: of a few penurious Adven- turers ; few are the Nations who have not Lxymmitted Excefles of the worft Kind. The Fre?2cb did things (hocking to Hu- manity for their Entertainment, and if we can bt^lieve the Author of the Civil Wars of France y Katharine de Medici s, the Queen Mother, upon the Night of the Maffacre, of Paris, which was the Eve of Bartholomew, Anno 1572. look'ddown from a Balcony fitiiated lowa'-d the City, encouraged the Airafiines, and gave no In- terruption to her undifturbed Serenity, except by laughing at the dying Groans o( the Murdered; htr Son Charks IX. breathing the Spirit of hid Motherj look'd frosn C 37 ] from his Window upon the deflined Vic- tims who fled from the Maffacre, to the Seine y and fired upon them with his Cara- bine as they were fwimming over to the Fduxboug de Germain -y nay the Queen's Maids of Honour, and Ladies of the Court, following the Example of their Princ. rs, went down into the Street, and with an uncommon Curiofity of a Piece with the general Behaviour of the Fair at the Court of France^ examined the naked Body of one Souhije^ who had been fufpeded of Impotency, and was juft th,»n Med under the Queen's Win- dows. • '•-' • ' . '^ ■ . • \ :.-- The burning of the Palatinate by the exprefs Orders of Lewis XIV. cannot be palliated by Voltaire himfelf, nor indeed can the Bombardment of Genoa, and many other Places ; and I heartily wifh that the Governcurs fent to our Iflands, were dlftinguif^cd by the Goodnefs of their Difpolit: .i^ ! efore they were em- ployed ; for by it : < tpercillous and haugh- ty Behaviour of ^''i€ i in Power, the Af- fedlions of the Mi nor quins were allienated from the Englijh Governors, and there is too much Realon to fay the iiuiie of our Indian Co^jnies. SpanifJ: Governors treat iheir Inferior :S with lefs Inhumanity than *-^x < ... • , ^ they [38] they arc reprcfcnted to do, being general- ly Men of Education ; for tho' Learning is not univerfal in Spain, nor indeed in any Catholic Countries, yet fuch as apply to Letters make no inconfiderable pfd- gtefs : The Don ^ixotte of Cervantes will be a lafking Monument of the Live- linefs . of a Spanijh Imagination, and liow minutely their prying Genius can tntcr into the Nature of Men and Things, tvhilc the Poem called Araucana from a fmall mountainous ?'>untry, near the Borders of Chili, inL '.ed by a Race of Men, ftronger and more fierce than all the Nations oi America, will be a lafting Proof of their breathing the Air of 'ParnaJJus, The Poem whofe Author was Don Alonzo dEreilla y Cuniga^ is famous for fome (hining and particular Beauties, and for the Singularity of its Subjedl, but :!Aill more illuftrious by the Charader of its Author, who was Gentleman of the -Bedchamber to the Emperor Maxmilian^ was bred up in the Houfe of Fhilip II. and fought under his Orders at the Battle of St. ^intin, after which prompted with a Defire of true Learning, I mean of knowing Men and feeing the World, 'he travelled France, Italy and Germany, and from thence went over to England, where C 39 ] where he heard that the Araucaniajn had taken Arms again ft the Spaniards ^ and animated with a Thirft of Glory^ and defirous to ferve his Country, he fail- ed as Commander in Chief into Chili^ at the Head of a few Troops, and by his Addrefs and Moderation more than the Force of his Arms reduced thefe brave Struglcrs for their Liberty, and was charmed with their generous Efforts : His Expedition is the Subjed> of his Poemi nor muft we forget that Lucan whofe juft Sentiments of Mankind, and whofe poetical Characters of Cato^ of Ccefar^ and of Pompey^ are as beautiful as any to be met with, was born at Cardova in Spatn, and whofe beautiful Defcription of Cee/an Order to his Soldiers to cut Wood in the Fore ft of il Marfti to the moft glorious Epifode. eqi From thefe curfory Obfervations it is evident, that the Spaniards are naturally a brave, a generous, and learned People, no real Friends to the French or Portu» guefe^ nor cordial Lovers of the Dutch the Inhabitants of the United Provinces : England is the Kingdom upon the Earth they regard moft, which is the more furprizing as they have been engaged with each other in very dreadful Wars^ that t 4.0 if cc that were always begun at the Inftlgatlon of France y and reprefented but with little Tendernefs by the French Hif- torians : Of this we have an Inflance in Volt aires Hiftory of the War Anno 1741, where he fays p. 89, that a great many Fnglijh became Pirates with Impunity, he calls them Free- hooters, and avers that when they took a Spanifi VelTcl they ufed to fink it with all the Crew, after gulling it, that there might not be any Proof of their Villainy:" Nor does the fame Hiftorian fcruple to aver, that the Spanifh Guarda Coftas revenged themfelves frequently of thefe Hofiilities, took a great many Englijb Vefiels, and ufed the Crews extremely ill : The fame Obfervation might be made of thefe Friends, and particularly natural Allies of Great Britain, the generous and dif- interefted Writers amopg the Mynheers, At this Time I am apt to believe that in no Court in Europe is there greater jarring, and hotter Contefts than among the Spanijh Miniftry, and tho* the Royal Family be in the Intereil of France, yet the King is too wife not to prefer the Welfare of the Kingdom whofe Crown he wears, to any other; but whether the Party of the old Marquis dela Enfe- nada^ t • '»■•!«") ,': * ' ^■,^1-^^-ij ^■,' "..■ jj^T" .itrf .■? Ltlon with Hif- ce in 741 > nany inity^ avers /effcl !rew, t not Nor aver, enged ilities, , and fame thefe Allies d dif- eers. [ 41 ] mJa, or that of M, Wall may prevail, Time can only declare. One thing is certain, many French Families have fettled in the Kingdom fince the younger Branch of the Houfe of Bourb-n afcended the Throne : The Court, the Cities, th° Army, the Navy, the Provinces and Villages abound w^ith them i the Governors of the different Forts, and the Iiitendants of the Pro- vinces are moftly of that Nation ; their ArtiP— y is commanded generally by jFr^«v ' Engineers, one of whom the Che-^ *valier de Lage fecond Captain of the Royal Philip, maintained an Engage- ment " againll: five £«!^//y7j Ships,'* and op- pofed the Propofal for Striking, when a Fire-fliip was within fifteen Paces of the Admiral's Ship, and cry*d out " Tou *' have then forgot that I am here ! Upon ** which bringing four Guns to bear, he *' aimed them fo fure that every one took ** place, and in two Minutes the Ship '* took Fire, and flew in a thoufand «« Shatters *," T-.' •Their Navy confifts of Forty-fix Ships of the Line, carrying 3142 GunF, * Volt. Hift. War 1741. p. 145. V K G fix If. ■HI '1 ■. i [ 42 ] fix of thcfe Ships carry eighty Guns, each of whom are equal in torce to the Royal An^ o» th^ Britannia, They have twe. ty- ' Fiigates, twelve Xe- becks, two Pa«,Rct-Boats, four Bomb VefTels, four Fire Ships, and five Gallies. ^ li.. / ^ v . > . , ■? This Navy if united to the French would be formidable : but it is not fo eafy to vidlual a Fleet as every one imagines, nor wHl ever the French and Spaniards adt cordially together, being always jealous of each others Power ? ?nd any Jundion between them will refem- ble that of the Dutch with the Britijh Forces at the Battle of Fontcnoy ; the an- ticnt Antipathy will rife in the Breaila both of the French and Spaniards, not- withftanding the Friendftiip between the two Kings, and 'tis remarkable that after the Sea Engagement off Toulon, the Spa^ nidrds complained of not being properly fupported by the French, and thefe again charged the Former v/ith being un-» grateful ♦ . ■■-, J ;..■<> The prefent Difpute at the Efcurial is whether or not Spain by a Neutrality can profit herfelf, or ferve the elder Branch of the Houfc of Bourbon more efFedlual- [43 ] ly, than by declaring War ? If the In- tcndants of the Provinces as much aflift the French, as the Governor of Catalonia did M. {le Richlieu in his Expedition to Minorca, or as the Governor of Cadiz. < did the Commander of the Duke de 'Penthievre and their Crew, *tis eafy to fee which of the tv/o is moft for the Intereftof England. . ,,j,,,>, ., i • - ' '• . .t, ' ' .■•' , ; ' ... 1 At prefent the Connoiffeurs fpeak much of the Execution of Mr. Byng, and tho' the Spaniards, who ai a reclufe, but hoiieft People, talk fparingly of it ^ yet the French, who aftedt Politenefs, and are fo elevated with their Voltaire, as to quote him on every Occalion, loudly condemn the Englijh for Cruelty in pu- nifliing General Officers for Want of Succefs, which may be entirely owing to an Error in Judgment, and infift with M. Voltaire, in his Hiftory of the War, that it is an inhuman Cuftom, unknown to Chriftian Princes, till introduced from the Turks, I ■■' ^ ^ • However polite and humane the French may afFedt to be, yet the Execution of Damien will be a Teflimony of their Tendernefs being fometimes interrup- ted : :[ 44 } ted : for though the vileParicidedefervcd • to die in Tortures, yet 1 cannot rccon-. cile to the Principles of Compaflion the' Method of iippbinting Phyficians to con- fer about what could create the moQ/p- pruciating E^ins. *« It is a ^ew Thigg to invent Deaths for a CriirHri'al, after he is taken. The Law defcribing his Crime, likewife de- fcribes his Puniftiment. However thp pRENCii had a Preceaent from the Jiirk, for contriving a new Punifhmcnt, in Imitation of Solyman XL who caafcd om Damien to be devoured by a wild Beaft, for intending to ftab him, Anrvr^ ^ If the tatholic King declare War, let jne intreat your Lordfliip to