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 CIHM/ICMH 
 
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 1980 
 
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p 
 
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 aort 
 gardii 
 leceii 
 t}ie q 
 lative 
 that 
 called 
 way. 
 been 
 bnoi >n 
 victio 
 numb 
 with i 
 ami d 
 In, 
 thisnj 
 Oi)iitii 
 defciro 
 that 
 its nie 
 persor 
 by hi\i 
 uiock 
 ( iovev 
 tuiors 
 iiave t 
 light ( 
 
anada's Future ! 
 
 Political Union With the U, S, 
 
 DesiraWe, 
 
 A Plain Argument for 
 Thoiio-htful 
 
 the Consideration of 
 Canadians. 
 
 Iv During the past few yejirs a dcHultory 
 sort of discuHsion has been going on re- 
 garding tlie future of Cnnada. but until the 
 recent puhli^ition of tlie cenHus returns 
 the question was cou&iilered in a specu- 
 lative manner, rather than with any idea 
 that thu present generatinn would be 
 called upon to settle it in a pi-aotical 
 way. But opmi<jn8 which have heretofore 
 been held more orlessastheorieshavenow 
 bocomo the firm and well-itrounded con- 
 viction of a large and rapidly increaniiig 
 number of Canadians that Political Unioii 
 with the Hnited Sttvtes is the inevitable 
 and desii'able destiny of Canada. 
 
 In i)rehonting for public consideration 
 this appeal in behalf of Political unit>n, the 
 Continental Union Club is actuated by a 
 defciro to see an all-engrossing (piestion, 
 that cannot now be ignored, discusaed on 
 its merits, without prejudice, free from 
 personal recriminationH jind undeterred 
 by baselesK chfirgCK nf treason made by 
 mock loyalists and liy that section of Vne 
 (lovernmcnt press .subsidized by inanufnc- 
 turors and ottice-hi-Iders, against all who 
 liavo the courage to hold aloft the torch- 
 light of Truth f^r the guidHn('o of -be 
 
 SK 
 
 Canadian taxjiayer. To do what the 
 press would be found doing if free from 
 the influence of that moral terrorism 
 which is exercised by the self-styled loy- 
 alist, who ordinarily ha.s, or expects to 
 have, his arma up to the eli-ow in the 
 public chest, i.s the purpose of an organ- 
 ization which is based on the belief that 
 Political Union is the rational solutiotj of 
 the difliculties which hinder our national 
 advuncemeiit. 
 
 Confederation was a British rather than 
 E Canadian idea. Old Canada was drift- 
 ing steadily toward Political Uni<ni, when 
 cur 1 ulors, who po.ssessed inherited pre- 
 judices against the American people, con- 
 ceived the idea of oonfederatiiig all the 
 provinces in the hi)pe of building up a 
 country strong enough not only to resist 
 the absorbing influence of the greater 
 force, Imt also to ott'er a menace to th^ 
 stability of Amoric^vn Ile[)ublicftnism. Its 
 founders were animated by an old, rather 
 than by a new world spirit. It was with 
 them as it is now with mnny of us — 
 "what can we do to help England i" in- 
 stead of "will this be to the advantage of 
 Canada 'mil her peopleT' Confederation 
 
21 
 
 What do we gain xtjnidhig tHiit iij tho saiii^.' time— «lio# 
 Wlijifc would we ing the value we jilace u|H/ii po|niIatioii — 
 wi! j)aid three inilHoji dollars to l.>rin<; 
 
 count! y, facts 
 iuuni- 
 
 iininigraut.s t6 thi- 
 
 wuH the final ctlc rt to prevent }.'oiitioal We shall confiiio our' analysis of the 
 
 I'nion. ljL|t time and events h;v\'e Koft- ceuRu.s to tlu; rosiiJts ot" tiio latit ten 
 
 ened our aS))eritieK. Wc have indtiljed the years, hecause it was at the end. of 
 
 ^pir^t of the Demoeratioinf:titut.ionsof our tiiat decade, particularly, timt Lh4v$est 
 
 neighbors and we are now aaking our- results should have been shown. A' su- 
 
 ^elvtis, why slnmld the schism which prenie effort was |)Vit fort ii to develo|> the 
 
 divided our rae(! on this' continent 100 country, and, attract popuLui' p. as the 
 
 3 ears ago, be perpetuated ^ Why should .vimnium hanuiH of national ]ii««Hpf)rity. 
 
 not the old wounds be allowed to heal, [n 1H81 tj^j^ popidatioii was 4,r:'t,H,<V>, 
 and a lasting union, founded on inutiui; in-jTln 18!M it. ie4,82!),41i .jf The ineroa.se is 
 
 teri'st, be elt'ecrcd between two branches but D'iO, jOO. or ] l.btJ {a-r CfUt., nolwith- 
 
 of the same family' \vi,.,i .i ;.. ..* ?;,,.. .liii ;,. ii.,. ^:^. i &.>' 
 
 >)3' remainnig apart ? 
 lose by the union .' 
 
 The ini])ortanc<' rif these queries is en- tJdO.OOO 
 
 hanced at this crisis by the fact that our which siray»ly show that liad m ..„..., 
 
 attempt to overcome the forces of Nature gi-uits arrived' the population ju 18!»1 
 
 has beeji a very co,-tlv experiment and would be nearly 400,000 less t!u\n in 
 
 has [iroducc'd a veiy unsatisfactory result. 18SJ !1 But to comprehend the lull sig- 
 
 To-day vc arc. farther bcliirid our (jre.itt raiicance of this (U/ploral.ile rcsidt we 
 
 (■(fnipeiifor In the race of national devel- must again consider ibu relation of these 
 
 opmerit and greatness thin icc ircif uhtn figure." to the debtandanniialexi»enditure. 
 
 thufouiiddfioii.'i ojConfi'lrntfio)!. iror luiil. As we have shown the debt has increased 
 
 Kvery reason.able man will adniil that if sinceFederation over 200 per cent. The 
 
 wc cannot become self-sustaining, and annual expenditurehasrisen tonearlyforty 
 
 a jjfople able to defend our.selveni, our Uiillioup or fi'om .^."> tu S#8 ]>cr head of the 
 
 national existence cannot Ijo made per- population. This huge debt has been 
 
 moment, and our patriotism, for tlie want piled up and this va.st expenditure made 
 
 of .satisf ictory food, will faiuish and die. to tit tho country for the reception and 
 
 What jirogress have we made in building maintenance of a large population. And 
 
 such a nation / We have been twenty - yet with all our development, and this 
 
 tive years cngngt^d in the work, and with expenditure, we have not been able to 
 
 the census before U8 as the balance sheet, hold one half our natural increase, be- 
 tlio time is opportinie for making a "sides losing all our immigrants. If a 
 
 thoroiigh examinati(»n of our ali'airs. Let nuu'chant, in examining his books, .should 
 us show, by figures that cannot be dis 
 ])uti:d, what sacrifices we have made and 
 how futile those saci'itices have been. 
 
 At the formation of Confederation the _ 
 
 national debt was seventh-seven million fallen hehind (Uir nL'!ghi)ors a coniitari.son 
 dollars, or S'21 per head of our popula- between their progress and oui' o\v7i is 
 tion. To-day that debt is practically two in place. Fr<.m 1880 to 1890 Min- 
 hundred and (ifty million' dollars, >'Y ncsota alone gauied f»2(),000, oi' more- 
 over ^'oO jvt head ; tlie interest on th.e tlian the entire gain of the I)(uidnion of 
 debt alone representing a suhi winch (..'auada. The two Dakotas, which start- 
 would be almost sutHcient, with prudent ed cveai with Manitoba, in 1870 have in 
 Mianajremeut. to carry on the atl.airs of ere used from l.';5,000 to r>]0.<X>0. nearly 
 ^tive millitm people ou this continent, were iJOO per cent , as agtdn.st Manitoba's iu- 
 we humogoneous and in a compact terri- crease from 1)7,000 to J r»4,U00 or 14t» per 
 
 ii:^! 
 
 find a similar residt, woidd he not con- 
 clude a change i)i his business, to be ne- 
 cessai'y / I ; 
 
 To understand to what extent we ha\e 
 
 tory instead' of being strung along a nai 
 row strip four thousand miles long and 
 divitled into several sections ejich «)f 
 which has little or nothing, either in sen- 
 timent or interest, in common with tlie 
 rest. The [leoplo of Canada, have cheer- 
 fully consented to this vast augmentation ])i'.v cent 
 of tiieir national burden in the hope that Arkansas 
 
 cent. ; j.nd the Dakotas do not cfmiju'rt? 
 with J\l mitoba in soil or climate. Wash- 
 iuyton 8; ate, recently aduiifted t« 
 tlu^ I'nion, and nothing like as good a 
 country as Biiti.sh Columbia, increased 
 from 70,000 ro :149,000- a rate of .'Kir) 
 J^ansas 
 :.L>5,(X)0, 
 
 increased 4o I, ()(>.►, 
 Wisconsin U71,<K)() 
 
 the pO]>ulation would increase and the and Michigan, which jjossesse} less natural 
 
 country develope into a pove-ful coinmn- wealth tlrui Ontario, 457.000 or almo.st 
 
 nity. Bu! "auvn proposes and (ilod dis- as nuich as the uicrease iti the entire Do- 
 
 pftses. " minion. 
 
 15^ 
 
 to ci 
 
 fuiul 
 
 censj 
 
 ruvrij 
 
 as V, 
 
 tov,n| 
 
 (■•tie; 
 
 jieu i| 
 
 tliey 
 
 cai'lel 
 
 their' 
 
 dn -iij 
 
 .Htili. 
 
 1 rue, 
 
 porl.-' 
 
 nu)rt 
 
 s'ont 
 
 in.sist 
 
 der.^l 
 fear : 
 in lb 
 tauil I 
 
 pV-'.SJM 
 
lUih uuf ovtunjit tily tlioro in u • rvasdu 
 to expi-ct any ini])r()V(_'niut in Ciiuaila's 
 future umlei' [in'seiit fi>nditii)ns. Tlie 
 census returns h;ive sliown that pho 
 vvaal [>:)[uil;itioi) of the older province-^ 
 !is veil iiH (jf iiumy of tin; ju'liicipal 
 towiiH Jias (limiaiKlied. The learling 
 (•■(ieK h:»vc. grown, but. us tliey must tle- 
 jieu 1 I [ion llio rural district.'^ for supprirfc 
 they cannot grow nuu-li iiii>r.\ for they 
 t'ai.'uot iind an increase of consnuivrn for 
 rlioii' productions au)ong the wealth pro- 
 dn 'inij; eltMuenf^ themselves at a fttand- 
 ,itill. Fin.iucial experts recoynize this xa 
 true, and already some of the most im- 
 portant of theni ha\'o refused to lead 
 more than forty per eent upon the pro- 
 ;n>tit Viilues of city p;t)perty, and they 
 insist upon j;ohl clauses in their nmriLja- 
 ge?- which sim[)ly me;ins that they un- 
 lierstand the natiomd situation fn'lly and 
 fear an inllation of tile national cnrreiicy, 
 ill the etfiu't to tide over our difficulties^ 
 uiii il our lonj^ delayed period of uatior al 
 pV'Kpeiity sets in. 
 
 It is ])erhaps uMneees-ary to point orjt 
 hew I*olitical riiioJi would benetit the 
 country. Our ruitional debt would be 
 assum hI oy theT'nion at large, our assets 
 iu ]iubUo works and 'nineral resources I)e- 
 ino; jiccepted as an eipiivalent; the then 
 national debt would be but !:Slt5 per head 
 instead of 850; our enormous Dominion 
 e.siicndituro nf luji^rly forty millions per 
 annum would cease. ; the smaller prov- 
 inces could reora;aniKe with ch<:ipor gov- 
 ernmental machinery. So much for the 
 direct tinancial aiiv.mtages. As for the 
 otvolo):uient of tlij conntry Mauitcba 
 would undoulttedly increase iu j)opu!u- 
 ( ii>n a ; fast as any of t]:e present North - 
 . iu Htates, and her" citie'3 would 
 i^row in a like pi'uper.ion ; the vast 
 mineral n'snuicvs of Noitliein On- 
 tario and Quebec, the richest on the C(m- 
 liiieniv would attract tlte capitalists of 
 the world iuid a lartre influx ot settlers 
 ttould follow ; our securities being en- 
 hiiuced, British gold would be uive.-<|-ed in 
 ( ' in.ida as if is al pvfs.'nt iii fclio States; 
 liu; McKiah'j Hiil iuirl its Imyt'le provis- 
 ions being dime away with Isy the fM^'i(Ui 
 "f tl\e two countries, our fanners would 
 lind a marktt iri Aiiiejioa for nearly all 
 1 heir produce without <<oiiig ."..(MX) laihs 
 .u'io.sH tuo H(?aa. British C'oluudiia wt'.uld 
 luplycui, strip all provinces in develop- 
 iii'iit. The towiis and citiis ot Canada 
 .ti.>uld fed the impetun of new life result,- 
 uf<; from inci cased [opulation in the 
 pvovi'nceH; mrtnufaetures, wlii'h rouM !>*■ 
 carried on more sncc essf idly in ihe e.it 
 
 th.m in I he west, would sprin>.f up iu 
 ticMi naturally ^idapti'd for iheni; our rail- 
 ways would receive their rij^htful share of 
 tiatlic ; our waterways to the sea Avould 
 connuand the commerce of the continent. 
 Wo would bo j.ait nnd parcel of a nation 
 of sixty-five millicius wlio are our broth- 
 ers nnd sister , have laws and institutions 
 similar lo ours; -.f^ Wi.-'.fd have tlie whole 
 contin<>Mt to rrade in n-r all tiino to conio 
 itiSte.'id of beinjjf coutified to Canaila ; we 
 Would no loiif^er be a flouree of irritation 
 to our areat neii^^hhor }»y ciuupolling then) 
 to ciiard a four thou.sand mile frontier. 
 
 All complic.itions and possibilities of 
 war between England and the United 
 States l)oint; at an end, we woidd be re- 
 li<?ved of tlcit expulsive burlesfpin, tha 
 militia; our tinal destiny would be Hxed 
 penrant ntly on a firm and satisfactory 
 basi.-. Tliere v.Muld 1)C great eonomy in 
 goveriunent expendiiure; our jirovinces 
 vvouM really accjuire independence, in- 
 8tead of ail their acts lieing subject to 
 Fede;'nl rcvisit)n as at ]>resent; trade 
 would incr.'a.se niiiny fold: there would 
 be a large flow of capital and immigra- 
 tion into our count.ry and real estate 
 wcaild increase in value and that i,Teat 
 and inlolernblo nuisance, the custom 
 house. w(*uld be swept out of oxisten'-e. 
 Tn fact, we would got w hat in a new 
 CJinitry in the real source of prosperity- - 
 population, and without which develop- 
 ment cannot profitably proceed. 
 
 Prosperity is univoi-^ally the foundation 
 of loyalty. ConUmtment rests on pros- 
 perity.', and loyalty and prosjierity go 
 har;iHn liand. Our duty is fust to our- 
 .selves 
 
 Were a union' efibcted between 
 Ca)iad.i and the United States, Eng- 
 land would be a j/ainei'. It woiiM 
 remove forever all causes of friction be-, 
 tv.een herself and tin- St^ites; and 
 everyone knows that, in the even: 
 of trouble between Canada and En;.^- 
 lahd, under |iro;-ent conditions, Can- 
 ft<l . \foulvl bo the battle j|/roniid 
 in a war which, result a.s it miv.ht. 
 would not redound to England's lilory or 
 incvtast; her weahh. Union would lie the 
 uiians of ultimately cementing the .Anj/h - 
 iSmxou laco thiouijllout the world. Then 
 let us join h;inds with our neij^hl-ioi-s. ai.'<l 
 in all frieudliu'. S8 to Englauil, let uf* builtl 
 ujt oil this continent the greatest nation 
 in the history of the world. Upon the 
 consuiuniation of this nran<l purpose, we 
 can honestly boast that 'a whole eoir.ii - 
 eht is oin.-. 
 
f 
 
 WHAT AN ENGLISHMAN SAYS. 
 
 That amongst the best niinds of England there is a glowing t'et'ling in favor of 
 Political Union between Canada and the I'uited States is evident from the follow- 
 ing report of an interview with Mr. Heiirj- Labonchere, a rneuibevof tlie English 
 HouKe of OomnionH. Mr. Labonchere said : 
 
 "Well, if I was a Canadian I am in- 
 clined to tlujik I Hhonld cut rhe connec- 
 tion with Kngland, bnt being an English- 
 man, I have no wish that Canada should 
 do so. T would rather bo ma.ster in my 
 own house, even if it wero a Cottage, 
 than live in a sort of back garden to a 
 nobleman's mansion. The stronger and 
 more powerful Canada becomes, the more 
 American it will become, and the more 
 anxious you would become to cast adrift 
 
 from a European connection. Whether 
 it will be an independent Repu'nlic or 
 whether it joins the United States will 
 depend very much on the consent of pop- 
 ular opinion at the mon.ent of separation. 
 Were 1 a Canadian I should l)e in favor of 
 union with the States. It seems to me a 
 very grand idea that one continent should 
 have one government not the .despotism 
 of an individual, but the deliberate will 
 ,of a nati<m. 
 
 WHAT PEEMIER ABBOTT THOUGHT IN 1849. 
 
 The proposed (Political) Union (bt- 
 tween Canada and the United States) 
 would render Canada a titld lor Ameri- 
 can capital, \/ith which ; would enter as 
 freely for the prosecution of public work.s 
 ' and private enterprise as any of the pres- 
 ent states. It would equalize the value 
 of real estate upon both sides of the 
 boundary, thereby probably i^oubling at 
 once the entire present value «)f property 
 in Canada, whilst by giving stal)ility to 
 our institutions and introducing pros- 
 perity it would raise our public, private 
 and corporate credit. It would increase 
 our commerce, both with the United 
 States and foreign countries, and would 
 not necessarily diminish to any great ex- 
 tent our intercourse with Great Britain, 
 int» which our products would for the 
 most part enter on the same terms as at 
 present. It would render our rivers and 
 canals the highway for the immigration 
 to and the exports from the west, to the 
 invaluable benefit of our country. It 
 would also introduce manufactures into 
 Canada as rapidly as they have been in- 
 trocuced in the Northern States ; and to 
 
 Lower Canada especially, where water 
 privileges and labor are abundant ami 
 cheap, it would attract manufacturing 
 capital, enhancing the value of projierty 
 and agricultural produce, ?nd giving re- 
 munerative employment to what is at 
 present a compartively non-producing 
 population. Nov would the United 
 States merely furnish the capital for our 
 manuf.'ictiires. They would also supply 
 for themf the most extensive niarket 
 in the world, without the intervention 
 of custom house officers. Railways would 
 forthwith be constructed by America as 
 feeders for all the great lines now ap- 
 proaching our frontiers, and railway 
 enterprise in general would doubtless be 
 as active and prospenms as among our 
 neighbors. The value of our agricultural 
 implements and many of th« necessjiries 
 of life, such as tea, coffee and sugar, 
 would bo greatly reduced in |)rice. The 
 value of our timber would also be greatly 
 enhanced by the access to the American 
 market, where it bears a high price, but 
 is subjected to an enormous duty." 
 
 Every thoughtful Canadian who has given the question intelligent considera- 
 .lon tJinnot fail to see that the causes which made Political Union desirable wben 
 Premier Abbott joined in signing the above manifesto exist with aggravating in- 
 tensity to day. 
 
 
 W 
 
in favor of 
 
 the folio w- 
 lie English 
 
 Whether 
 lt'pui)lic or 
 States will 
 ynt of pop. 
 separation, 
 in favor of 
 us to me a 
 icnt should 
 .despot iHin 
 lerato will 
 
 !49, 
 
 »re water 
 iant and 
 ifacturing 
 : property 
 iviiig re- 
 at is at 
 jroducing 
 e .Uuited 
 al for oiu' 
 lo supply 
 
 market 
 ervontion 
 lys would 
 1 erica as 
 now ap- 
 
 rail way 
 btless be 
 iiong our 
 ricultural 
 ecessaries 
 d sugar, 
 ce. The 
 >e greatly 
 \nierican 
 irice, but 
 
 •y- 
 
 ouside ra- 
 le wben 
 ating in-