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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 6 THE LO ■s I to THE EDITOR OP THE LIVERPOOL S Sm,— I am very much gratified by your ; humble efforts to awsk-u the inechsni -s of to a sense of the fatal tilow about to be st prosperity by Sir Robert Peei's mBasure. Kven (be cotton trade will, I eiiicerelv b( jured from tho first, althougb, as the imiilui/ trade at Mamhester is chiefly to laachinei children, the fioi\ieqiience8 of failure or dep will net be so fearful or heartbreaking as from want of employmenf fo.- the mkv, the men ot Birmingham, Sbeffield, Glasgow, .tc. I hnvc nil direct interest in agriculture or ti in (his country or in Canada, and, as I do i thai colony, I may, perhaps, be permitted to the imputation of what Mr. Cobden calls t oi.r ISHKK>iS. My interest, as a shipper of British goodi identical with that of the maker of these gooc manuiacture is hie v- re ahcnyt at pem-': coutitienlal powers.) so tliat we mnst depom America for alargesliareof the timber wanted i But Sir Robert Peel forgets that, in IBIIO mind of Eiiqland trn» con>ii!«e'l on the gubieet The enmity of the governments of tlic nnllii.' svipply, and the price rose from £'> to t'ln 10s Pirliament was i-alled, U\i'. instead of fol Hubert Peel's /rei -trade c'^urtc, tbo ttale/finni railed the protection to rolonial timber trom ^7s. 4d. per load, ar d gradually British tiiiibi pared, through ilic erection 'f immense s;iw .jiiier lumtieringestaldishnients, ut a vast outia' na',jital iu Canada and New Brunswick and i sufficient qujniity to regiihit • the trade vsay t» the whole} The prnc was thus ptrniaoently i low ap ever if whs when the entire supply n paying only B duty of !'^s. Ud pci load: hef( of Ehf)iand's iifpe»»i(y Irove hci to raise up, lum t'l Itritiih lahuw , iu the forests of Hriti« th^t great national interect which is now bei thr Americans by our adoption of the aoti'Uri of free-trade. The etTect nf tree-trade and its lonietiuen curri-ncy, Ac, i on Ntainhester, IJirnimglmm Glaiguw, iew us i /tir m<.rr -ler lUtuce than Ihe loss to the Hrituh empire, ii to the American republie, of three thousaiid lixty thousanit sailors. la\: frte-trader may tell us that gold doei Amurira. but he is too Inti'llieent not to know to Ihe (.'uOtiDent u pay *or luiur"- sent to .\t ./or 'I'hfh America raniiot pav hu auu >ith meant than tfarnugli diafti on KnglanJ, or hn America draws these draft! on na to moiti I IS great an amount a« we send her goods, lo tl THE LOSS OF THE COLONIES OF ENGLAND. 1 aoM THK LivFRPOOh Stanovrd OF Marth JIth, 184(). TMi: KDITOR OP THE LIVEnpnoL STASOiP; \„ti.„,,, , .i ■ j *i • , . , , a. —1 am vp-r mrx-h o.rnt,fi<.^ V. • V ' ""^ '/^*' t-*"-*'"'"''' ♦f'C aominai amount ut tliu American I'p i-ft ,S. !;'^,T»t ."?) * .*"^ Tour nonce of my tiaJe, whuu fields no KMPLOiM.Nr or i-eofit to )le eft.irts to awak u the inechani -s of thij countiy I the English artiza.i. '^r:!* "J^ l^* •Z"^'" .*(?•" ?'"'"* t" be struck at their i If, through the loss of Canada and the Weat Ind.es. two other great atap'c;s timber and sugar, were put ,a this position, there would be uo safety (even .-ik a matter ot simple eiistence) for our over supply of Engiish arti- zsns, but ill their transferring themselves to the United •States, to get under shelter of the protection of ite Ame- rican tariff. it is my sincere belief, that time is all that is required to show that frhk-tradk is sricria ov thk j-art OK BrtiTisH AiinzANS, anJ that by not preferring ^d moderate piotev-tionto out 4ud out free- trade, the iiberal party will become very unjwpidar ir, this rouutry. There is no man on either side of party politiis who understands the practical interests of the empire bettpr than Sir Howard Douglas, and no one expresses them so well. In his speech on the late debate, Sir Howard Douglas explains the true poliry of Eogiand : — "Thi whole amouit of luanufachue'^ ovijorteil to Ind-.a i1oes nut ftt present exferrt rfiH.ooo.ODi) , in IS44, * 7,%5.(ititi, includ init Ceylon. If wr were to encouragf, as vVe mi^ht, thf natural proiluctiuns of British iDflia, to eimlifi her the bettor to pay for Britisti good"!, thkrk is ,^i .vikhmt any .«ss:i..\aiilk : i.«iT to THK l.\r«EASK (>)•■ THAT VAST J.IRKKT .)!.• riXJSt MfT'ON FOB TtiK FRni>i;iT:(>v,-< ok British iVDt"(TBv ; tuk nKMANii piui BiiiTis ■ coPTON oooijb i\ PARTir (.'LAB, if the ropu- lati.jo tiiok mit at the ratp i.f i.n ptr lieaii, would un;-"tit tu j£'50,Oi)«,8«n sterling and t lip demand fr.r wooiltna, «ii;,s, pottcr>, (flass. iilatcd ware;,, cutlery, iron, brass, and cdi'twr implement^, anil au infinity of art'.rk-.s Tor diimestie use, would be prodifTiousiy nicreti.«.e'i.' Let us take Sir Howard Douglas's advice, ani' endea- vour to give einplovmeiit to liri'.ish subjects instead of foreigners. Let iia reorganise the Colonial system 'which is the cause cf linglaiui's greatnesEj on the principle ot moderate protei'tinii. Let us prefer to produce our cotton, sugar, limaer, iScc. from the labour nf Britii^h subject.* who have Mritieh j.j. bits, and consume I]iitif out HK.HI.V.WEKiHrRD AR11Z.\.V MEl.Nuli;?. Ai.Ai.v.er TilK iMii.KDKNED KinFitiNRtt. has been wlint I c dl ruinous bith to the minds aim bodies of the people. Tlie aggregate capital in England, 'tis true, lias bernin- creased, hut it has found its way into tht bands of the inone v-Iendeis, with whom the manufacturer now shares his profit, and noveof %t luis remained in xna pockets of the working elafcses, who, in fuel, are pelting inoie and more ciusl.ed in their circumstances and ilt;graded ni their moral and intellectuid condiuon Ralhsr than liuv our pre-eminence in commerce at soilear < price a^ thfidislres" of Ihe working clas.ses and a cuiitiouance of over produo tion, let ua, by a parliamentary grant of thepubUc moniv, (a million pounds a year, if that were iiecessatA,) in sup- port of Sciinol* UK ExruRi.MKsr, (with their travellirs and ramihcalions all over the wirld,) make, and educate tl.i people ill. those advances r.i manufacturing science and knowledge, which arc found iiecessarv to keep usfir-it among the nations. Rather than not Imve a mdical change in our syBtenis. and to enable .t to be attempted «.ifelv, I would support the minister in laying on au income tax for three years, of twenty per cent, for the tirsi yeat ir>per c«nt. for the st cond year, and ten per cftit. for tl/e third year, lo enable bini to can«trunt an iinmenie system of emigration to 'lie colonies, us well us lo push fo'-ward lUir colonial cotton and other productions, and to aiiieli rate in erirp pnniikli wav the eoiidilion i.f thi induttrioni claiaes in the oianu- iiioluritig diatrii is and Irelind, There never was befoie so glorious an opportiinity aa the present for thit country to nturn to homely and ; luuntl prtnciplet, and there may never be again. The effertot the con i.i ruction ot railways onthe i.vmu r MABki I is such thlL .independent .if .Sir Ilobftr' l'e<'i atid — — -,..,.,».,.,„■ ....,,».iu, 111 f.fivi>.r> i,.i..i, , the poliiical economists) every man, woman, and child ricA draws these draft! on a* to moiu than doublff can gri employment and high wagei, and that at a time t an RtDuunt as ws atnd hsr Roodi, lO that tbrr* ia wb«n therr )• icsroelr ou« ftrticia of manurseture fur erity by Sir Robert Peei's measure, en the cotton trade will, I eiacerelv believe, be in- from the first, although, as the emi'ilui/mimt m that at Mauf hester is chiefly to machines, girls, and •en, Iheconieqiiences of failure or depression init lot be 80 fearful or heartbreaking as would flow •want of employmenl fof the -mkv, the hardworking )f Birmingham, Sbeftield, Glasgow, ,tc. avi- no direi-t interest in agriculture or timbc. citiier 8 country or in Canada, and, as I do not return to olony, I may, perhaps, be perroitted to tscape from iputation of what Mr. Cobden calls (oi.oNi.M. ski.f- interest, as a shipper of British goods, is. in fact, cal with that of the maker of these goods : for if his lacture is heiten on' nf Canada, 'eitlier tlirough fo- goods, while it remains a coioiiv. or b American , af:er it shni'. have become a Staie of the 1,1 tcy trade a« an importer of lir'tish (/uodi is also ;uished. n as fr«i> trade in Eag'and means also free trade in ilony Kith nil thr Hurld, and as the extra or protec- lutiea in the Caaadiau frontier in fa»..ur of English factures is what ,ione prevents Canada Movueceiv. ;t c&ttuD and coarse woollen tabiics, loiif sugar, Stc. rora Au-erica, and msiny other manufsotures and ction^ of continental countries, including cir. !ery and German hardwsic, it follows that, as merchants, we sither be driven by Sir Itobert Peel'.s measure to buy ,cticu. Germany, .Sec, or be driven out of the trade, iatierigthealtcrnative which, cs an individual, Khali becjuse the moment that ln-e free trade introduced : ifl mother country 1 shall set danger to life and pro- befoic very long, in reserve for ( imada ui ntlrieving lependetice.i which I have noconndcucethaltbegood if England would allow to be brought about peace- ■ ilthougb no man coul.d show any, tlic slightHst /British America will have in continued connection his cocnlry, but quite !he reverse, after the colonial ! tective system is broken doii-n,) ' in Canada is lost to England we shall have to pay r limber in ,!otd, (lustead of nuautactures as at t,) just as we now pay for three- fourths of our raw from the Lnited States; but who can assure us that poR (,A> II. we could always get a supply of timber )reign countries ! now well ascertained thtt the Baltic fsXone. rouU not : h the mp/ili/ now required, say two millions of i fallhmiy/i ne ti- re alwa'jf at peuri: 'fitli these ' mlat iiowersj so that we innsi depttid on .North sfor alargesiiareoftlietimber wanted in Kn^jlnnd. Sir Robert Peel forgets that, in 18()<), liie public if England wit* cf' . «rnt to .Xtne'iia, and I \irh Anieric'i rannot pau Ay nuu other uotnble I than throjgii diafta on KnglanJ, or hnijlith gold. which there is one-half tlie deuaud naually experienced at ; this season of the year. I But the construction of railways, like foreign trade, is \ at best but a temporary employment for a population, and if bricat .•■,ATio.-. if that party (kindly descending from the distuuce anil coldness of abstract theories, or. iu other words, of mera political economy ■ will pass a ,\"ink or ten hovus" rill, and by parhiimcniaiy gra'it-will piovide intellectual employment, with the means ft health and recreation for the poor in those hours of bappioe.-s, which they have been the bles- sed means ot callin? Into existence. Let the new government also pledge parUament to give :.ilf fi million each year to a.NAfiovM. .'ivti'm hf coto- iS.Ai'lO.N. Let Ihem sn systematise matters that, through the la- bour of a British colonial popuhitioii, we will each year be getting more ami more cotton, more wheat, more timber, mon scgar, more sheeps' wool, icid all other necessariaa, r.\viN.ii (20'l AI f>K?}, (with the cost of clearing three acres, us e. commeni-emeut, and a year'? iii ll-nianaged colony should be a buriien on i-lngbind .\nd thesiiiipli reform re(,uired in colonial management IS, that each colony shall have appropriated to it a separate iiioin in Dowiiing-streel, and be .-caused each to hiifa two private ^eeretanes m future, xeho should aUemitely he three yarn ,n the colon;/ and th>ee peart tn London, v'mliiiif/ coloitt:/itioii and the othcriiiterestsof the colony, and serur'ng for i ulonisl'i who . onie to tlnglai.d the con- siderntion due to then- rank and influence In their parti- cular eoicmy, nuti! the coIoDies get represented in the l-nperiiil Parliament. Sou may iiepend that il ia not in human nature that the oppri-fseU bibonriiig classes sbuuld misconstrue sub- stantial beiiehts like these, by whatever miuisier ui party dltrcil 1 aoi. Sir, \our ubcdicut humble servant, ISAAC BUCHANAN >;ia,.jou-, I'.l/A Murfli, 18-lii • It is seM-nvidenf that the paper currency to be aafe inuKt he small a