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Hiotographic

Sciences

Corporation

23 WEST MAIN STREET

WEBSTER, N.Y. 14S80

(716) 873-4503

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32X

l''*0,.'i Art;f,iv«j$ .jf ;{fT '/I : .'<",? V

ADDEESS

TO THE

PEOPLE OF NOVA SCOTIA,

BY THE

DIRECTORS OF THE NOVA SCOTIA SOCIETY

FOR

WITH

THE CONSTITUTION

THE SOCIETY.

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'<»**^»^-

HALIFAX, N. S.

*^CITIZEN" steam press, SACKVILLE STREFT.

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Halifax, 3rd January, 1870.

-te

TO THE PEOPLE OF NO VA SCOTIA :

The Directors of the Nova Scotia Society for Encodeag-
ING AND DEVELoriNG HoME Manufactuees, deem it expedi-
ent to issue this brief Address, in order to supply the public
with necessary information as to its principles, and the means
to be employed in giving them practical effect. The designa-
tion of the Society indicates the main object contemplated in
its formation. That object being clear and definite — placing
the Association far beyond the atmosphere of sectional or
party strife — it is assumed that so far from any objection being
made to it, it will command wide-spread sympathy and sup-
port.

That Nova Scotia is far in the rear of many other
countries in manufacturing industry, is a fact universally ad-
mi tted. The sister Province of New Brunswick,for example, with
little more than half its population, and proportionately in-
ferior in wealth and other resources, displays a degree of
manufacturing enterprise far in advance of us. It has six
Public manufacturing companies, with a declared capital of
about two million dollars. To whatever causes the stagnation
in Nova Scotia ia attributable, they are not to be found in the
absence of the main elements necessary to secure success. I^g

/Ik

geographical position in relation to the markets of the world —
its capacious and well sheltered harbors — its extensive ship-
ping — its mineral wealth, especially as including abundance of
coal and iron — its water power, clearly mark it as a country
most favorably adapted for manufactures. Without attempt-
ing at present to trace the causes that have hitherto tended
to retard industrial progress in the Province, we may be
permitted to express our conviction that firm determination
and prudent united action, alone, are wanting, to effect a com-
paratively rapid and favorable change.

It has indeed been said, that without a large Provincial
population to consume what is produced, success cannot be
■ expected. The history of the progress of manufactures in
other countries, seems to prove the contrary, We can point
to a country in Europe, which is surrounded by teeming
populations of almost unrivalled skill and industry, but which
succeeded first on a small, and subsequently on a more extend-
ed scale, in competing with eminent success, with the foremost
of its rivals. We refer to Belgium, which has only an area of
11,313 square miles, and a population of five million souls, but
which exports annually, goods to the value of about forty-
seven million pounds sterling, of which, in 1867, £7,553,207
sterling value, went to the United Kingdom. Indeed, Belgium
exports relatively to population, more merchandise than Grea^t
i Britain and Ireland, whose exports in the year just named,
amounted to the enormous aggregate value of two hundred
and twenty-six million pounds sterling — the population being
about thirty million souls, or six times that of Belgium. We
mention these facts, not for the purpose of comparing the
manufacturing facilities of Belgium with those of Nova Scotia,
but simply to show that a small country with indomitable
> energy, in combination with the necessary elementary advant-
ages, n. ^y rival in skill and enterprise, older States that have
been long famous for the extent and excellence of their pro-
ductions.

Turning for a moment to Switzeiiand, we have further evi-
<dence of succesaful industrial competition on the part of a

comparatively insignificant people. It has a population of
about half that of Belgium. Although, according to the
census of 1860, three-lourths of it« people arc supported,
either wholly or in part, by agriculture, j'et the manufactures
of that Republic employ about 180,000 persons, there being
besides, 160,000 craftsmen. The manufacture of cotton alone,
occupies upwaids of a million spindles, 4,000 looms, and 20.-
000 operatives, besides 38,000 hand-loom weavers. Is it not
paradoxical that we have nof in Nova ocotia, although on the
Continent which produces the raw material in great abundance,
one cotton factory ? In this department of ^ bor. New Bruns-
wick has set us a successful example — a fi^^t ■^hich furnishes
an unanswerable argument in opposition to the opinion that
a cotton mill would not be remunerative in this Province. If
we apply the iirgument derived from the smallness of popula-
tion, against the establishment of Eactcries, in Great Britain
or any other country preeminent for its manufactures, its futi-
lity will at once appear. In 1867 Great Britain exported cot-
ton manufactured goods to the declared value of £70,843,692,
and woolen and worsted manufactures to the amount of £20,-
134,080 sterling, which proves the very large extent to which
she depends on the foreign market for her mercantile prosperi-
ty, in connection with the staple article of cotton. The total
value of British and Irish produce and manufactures exported
in the same year, was £181,183,971, not to mention Foreign
aci Colonial produce, amounting to upwards of forty-four
million pounds sterling, which was included in the aggregate
exports previously given. Of the British and Irish produc-
tions sent abroad, the British Possessions, it may be remarked
in passing, take about twenty-nine per cent. It seems mani-
fest, therefore, that if Nova Scotia is to attain to as much
eminence, in proportion to her population and material re-
sources, in general man-ifactures, as she has attained in ship-
building, she must look, like other spirited countries, beyond
her own borders for a market, not being scared by obstacles
which other Statds, with no greater advantages, have encount-
ered and overcome. Let it, moreover, be borne in mind that

the Dominion itself, presents a market in which no hostile
tariffs are imposed, as well as a field for honorable rivalry.
The estimated population of the Dominion in January, 1867,
based on the previous ascertained ratio of increase, was
3,811,000 ; and we respectfully submit that it would bo diffi-
cult to point to any portion of it which presents superior ad-
vantages for successful . n\anufacturing eiiterprizo, and
consequently for fair competition, to those of this Province.
In regard to the physical circumstances necessary to ad-
vancement in manufactures. Nova Scotia, like the countries
just specified, stands in a most favorable position. In her
coal mines she has " a vast magazine of hoarded or warehoused
power." " No nation," says an eminent writer on British
manufacturers "can make any considerable progress in the
manufacture of bulky and heavy articles, the conveyance of
which to a distance necessarily occasions a large expense, un-
less she have supplies of the raw material within herself.
Had we been destitute of iron ore, we could never have dis-
tinguished ourselves by the magnitude and value of our manu-
factures of these articles. And any one who reflects on the
advantages resulting to every branch of industry, from being
able to procure abundant supplies of iron at the cheapest rate,
will be convinced that it is no easy matter to exaggerate the
obligations we are under to our exhaustless stores of that
mineral."

At present the United States by its rKjposts, interposes a
formidable barrier to the introduction of our products ; but it
is satisfactory to know that there is a grov.'ing public opinion
there against the present enormous tariff. Horace Greely, who
may be regarded as the exponent of the sentiments of a most
influential political section, expresses in a recent speech, the
hope that a Zollverein, or Customs League, resembling, we
presume, in some respects, its great German prototype, may
be formed on this Continent. It is not our business in this
Address, to express an opinion as to the desirableness or
practicability of such a project. We allude to it on the ground
that its advocacy by a prominent politician in the adjoining

Bepubiic, indicates a desire to cultivate more equitable and
extended commercial relations with these Provinces. Mr.
Greely, also, refers in the same address, in commendatory
terms, to the strenuous efforts now being made in the States
to supply their own wants in manufactures ; congratulating
certain districts on their success. The British exports to the
Republic do not, however, seem to be prejudicially affected by
these efforts, or by the heavy duty imposed, for Frederick
Martin, a British statist, writing in 1868, says : — " The total
exports of British produce to the United States, in conse-
quence of the termination of the war, increased from £16,708,-
505 in 1864, to £21,227,956 in 1865, and to the unprecedented
amount of £28,484,146 in 1866." Thus Britain seems to de-
rive additional commercial vigor from the fiscal antagonism of
one of her best customers. Nor need our extensive importers
in Nova Scotia dread advancement in Home Manufactures,
because that very advancement, as in the case of the States,
will tend to an increase of consumers ; and thus, instead of
contracting, will contribute to the activity and expansion of*
trade. Increase of population is rather the result of mercan-
tile prosperity than the cause of it. Before any considerable
addition to the population of Novai Scotia can take place, there
must be of necessity, an increase in the demand for labor.
The progress of the great cities of Europe and America illus-
trates the proposition — their increase being at the rate of, and
concomitant with, their commercial and agricultural enterprize ;
and in accordance with this law of city growth, neither Hali-
fax nor any other town in the Province, can become a great
com.mercial emporium, unless, as a prerequisite, it become the
seat of manufacturing industry. There is ample capital in the
Province to give it a fair industrial start, and as already
stated, we are satisfied that a judicious and spirited commence-
ment is all that is necessary to secure a satisfactory result.

The agricultural interests of the country are so closely allied
to its 1 ranufacturing prosperity, that we cannot avoid alluding
to the subject. Nothing surprises strangers more in visiting
the Province, than the very limited extent to which the soil

is coliivated. It seems at first view incredible, considering
the climate and the general character of the soil, that a peo-
ple nnder 400,000 in number, should be under the necessity of
importing annually, from a million and a half, to two million
dollars worth of flour. Bat we rejoice to see that an increased
interest is being manifested in agricultural pursuits, and that
bubstantial progress has already been made. The wheat crop
of last year is greatly in excess of that* of previous years.
Better systems of culture are being introduced — a finer class
of animals is to be found in our fields, — and to a considerable
extent, the Board of Agricultnre is doing for our farmers,
what this Society, we trust, may bo able to do for our artizans.
On the assumption that the increp^se of manufactures might
have a tendency to raise the price of labor, the growing de-
mand for food supplies, consequent on increase of population,
would give an impulse to our farming, and lead to the use of
implements and machinery more than sufficient to counterbal-
ance incidental disadvantages.

Let us not be understood in the preceding remarks, as desir-
ing to underrate the general mercantile status of the Province.
A country with so limited a population, which transacts busi-
ness in one year to the amount of (as in 1865) of $14,381,662
in imports, and in exports to the value of $8,830,693 ; the
number of vessels registered in sixteen ports of the Province,
in the same year, being 3,898, having an aggregate carrying
capacity of 403,409 tons, and an estimated value of $13,347,-
509, is one of which its inhabitants have just reason to be
proud, challenging, as it does, honorable comparison in the
amount of general business transacted, and the extent and
value of its shipping, with any country of equal exteiit in the
world. But the design of the Association, in whose behalf we
invite the co-operation of the people, is to give a stimulus to a
department in which success is absolutely necessary, to ensure
progress in the development of our resources, in a degree com-
mensurate with their ascertained extent, to which compara-
tively recent discoveries have made large additions.

The question here occurs, What action does the Society in-

tend to take in order to secure, in 8ome measure, the object
for whic'i it has been instituted ?

We would at the outset, in reply to that question, endeavor
to disabuse the public mind of any miscouception as to the
responsibility of the Society's members, and as to what it is
intended to effect. Were it, for instance, proposed to form a
huge Provincial corporation, for the purpose of carrying on a
large business in cotton, woolen, or any manufactured goods,
it would be liable to serious objections, but its members run
no such pecuniary risk, and incur no responsibility beyond
their voluntary contributions to its necessary expenses. As
to the propriety of supporting any project for the establish-
ment of factories in the Province, the members individually,
will form their owl opinion, and act accordingly ; but whilst
thus abstaining from any corporate business transactions, the
Society will strive to give more extended currency to any
information which may tend to assist thd people in forming a
correct judgment as to manufacturing investments, producing
in every instance, the necessary data. But not to forestall
what will be subsequently introduced, we will go on to say,
that it is proposed by means of voluntary contributions
throughout the Province, either to erect or to rent a building,
in which shall be exhibited permanently, specimens of our
domestic industry. The exhibition is intended to be exclu-
sively Provincial in its character, and to be open to the public
free of charge. All the subscribers who are manufacturers,
shall have compartments alloted to them, in which they can
exhibit specimens of their goods, to be withdrawn and replaced
by new specimens as circumstances may require. The build-
ing will thus present an interesting and comprehensive view
of what the Province really can produce, both in the raw
material and manufactures. Although it cannot be reasonably
expected that the exhibition should present the same variety
and novelty to be found in countries whose population and
resources are more extensive, yet it will be specially interest-
ing to strangers, as enabling them to form a correct estimate
of the productions and industry of the Province, and will en-

able all who feel interested in its commercial prosperity, to
mark from time to time, the progress made in industrial de-
velopment in the various departments.

In order to strengthen the movement, the Secretary is to
visit the centres of industry in the Province, and assist in
forming Branch Associations, which shall be in communication
with the Parent Society in Halifax. No difficulty is antici-
pated in securing at the same time, intelligent correspondents
in the various Counties, who will furnish it with information
as to any public works or factories started, or in contempla-
tion, or as to any othei matters that may come withir. the
scope of its object; and in reports statedly issued under the
supervision of the Directors, such information as may be
deemed useful or interesting, will be communicated to the
public.

There are other features of the movement which are in the
meantime, only in embryo, but which will be developed in due
time. Thie Directors are solicitous to avoid, at the outset, the
raising of expectations as to the action of the Society, which may
not be ultimately realized in the particular form contemplated.
The success of the Society will mainly depend on the support
it may receive from the parties whose interests it is intended
to promote. Although the Society is purely Provincial, it is
not designed to originate or foster a spirit of terri rial exclu-
siveness, which would isolate the Province from commercial
sympathy and business lelations with other Provinces or States.
Nor is it intended that any of its members should be debarred
froui buying in the cheapcit, and selling in the dearest market.
Hence, even the ultra free trader does not compromise his prin-
ciples, or restrict his operations by joining the Association.
For Nova Scotians to give preference to vhat is manufactured
in the Province, on the assumption of the article being equal
as to quality and price, to that which is imported, is just and
patriotic ; and ior Nova Scotians to strive to produ'^e in the Pro-
vince, much for which their money is now sentabroai, is equally
in accordance with the dictates of sound reason. Vhilst laws
designed to prevent the free interchange of certain commodi-

ties be
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ties between different States, are to be deprecated, yet any
voluntary action on the part of a peo^ ^t whose manufacturing
industry is only in the first stages oi development, to encour-
age home production, is perfectly compatible with the most
enlarged views as to the commercial relations which ought to
subsist between the various trading communities of the world.
Halifax, 2>rd January, 1870.
Signed,

WILLIAM YOUNG, President.

GEO. J. TROOP, Vice-President.

W. S. STIRLING, Hon. Treasurer.

STEPHEN TOBIN,

J. W. RITCHIE,
. JOHN STARR,

WM. J. ERASER,

B. H. HORNSBY,

W. B. VAIL.

W. 0. MOIR.

DUNCAN CAMPBELL, Secretary.

► Directors.

Ist. '
SOCIE'
HOME

2nd.
nation,
indicate

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CONSTITUTION.

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1st. The Society shall be designated THE NOVA SCOTIA
SOCIETY FOE DEVELOPING AND ENCOpRAGING
HOME MANUFACTURES.

2nd. The terra Manufactures, as applied in the above Resig-
nation, is intended, in addition to its ordinary meaning, to
indicate the mineral and other resources of the Province.

3. The business of the Society shall be conducted by a
PresidentjVice-President, Treasurer, and seven ordinary Direc-
tors, five of whom shall be a quorum,

4th. The officers shall be elected annually at a special meet-
ing of the Society, of which iue notice must be given, either
bv advertisement or intimation sent to each member.

5 th. The Directors shall, at the first meeting after their
election, proceed to appoint a Secretary, and to fix his remun-
eration.

6th. The duties of the Secretary shall be to attend all meet-
ings of the Society, or its Directors, record in the Society's
Minute Book its proceedings, conduct all the official corres-
pondence, prepare a minute Annual Report, with the view to
publication, embracing Statistics, specially collected, as to
Manufactures, and presenting a comprehensive view of the
progress made in various departments of industry during the
year, and to promote by public addresses in the Province, and
by means of the Press, the objects of the Society, working.

otherwise in conformity with his Secretariel duties or func-
tions, according to the instructions of the Directors.

7th. The operations of the Society shall be confined to Nova
Scotia, save in so far as it may be necessary through the Press,
or otherwise, to direct attention in Europe, or elsewhere, to
the advantages which the Province presents for manufacturing
or mercantile industry.

8th. To facilitate the disposal in other countries, by cor-
respondence or otherwise, of goods manufactured in the Pro-
vince, is one of the objects of the Society.

9th. The only qualifications for membership shall be perma-
nent residence in the Province, and adherence, by signature,
to the following daclaration : —

" We, the undersigned, in becoming members of The Nova
Scotia Society for Devblopino and Encouragino Home
Manufactures, pledge ourselves to give preference, as a rule,
to the manufactures of the Province, and do all in our power
to promote the objects for which the Society has been insti-
tuted."

10th. It shall be competent for the Society to assist in form-
ing auxiliary or branch Societies in all the Provincial centres
of industry, which shall be in regular communication with the
parent Society in Halifax.

11th. It is a fundamental principle of the Society that, in
no circumstances, or on no conditions, can politics or any ex-
traneous subject, be admitted into its canons, or its private
or pulDlic deliberations.

12th. No member shall be responsible, save for the pay-
ment of the sum which he subscribes towards the support of
the Society.

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1869
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At a meeting of the Subscribers held on the 9th of August^
l869, the following gentlemen were unanimously elected
officers : —

Prmdeni— Sir William Young.

Vice-Freaident — Mr. George J. Troop, (of Black, Brothers
& Co.)

Treasurer — Mr. W. S. Stirling (Union Bank).

Directors — Mr. John Starr (of David Starr & Sons) ; Mr,

Stephen Tobin, Mayor of Halifax ; Hon. W. B. Vail; Colonel

Hornsby; Hon. J. W. Ritchie; Mr. W. J. Fraaer (of Fraser,

Paint & Co) ; Mr. W. 0. Moir (of Moir & Co.)

At a meeting of the Directors held on ihe 17th of August,

1869, Mr: Duncan Oampbsll was unanimously elected

Secretary,

)rivate

pay.
)ort of