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l''*0,.'i Art;f,iv«j$ .jf ;{fT '/I : .'<",? V 
 
 ADDEESS 
 
 
 TO THE 
 
 PEOPLE OF NOVA SCOTIA, 
 
 BY THE 
 
 DIRECTORS OF THE NOVA SCOTIA SOCIETY 
 
 FOR 
 
 WITH 
 
 THE CONSTITUTION 
 
 OP 
 
 THE SOCIETY. 
 
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 HALIFAX, N. S. 
 
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 1s8 h01l.il.is sxiieet, 
 
 Halifax, 3rd January, 1870. 
 
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 TO THE PEOPLE OF NO VA SCOTIA : 
 
 The Directors of the Nova Scotia Society for Encodeag- 
 ING AND DEVELoriNG HoME Manufactuees, deem it expedi- 
 ent to issue this brief Address, in order to supply the public 
 with necessary information as to its principles, and the means 
 to be employed in giving them practical effect. The designa- 
 tion of the Society indicates the main object contemplated in 
 its formation. That object being clear and definite — placing 
 the Association far beyond the atmosphere of sectional or 
 party strife — it is assumed that so far from any objection being 
 made to it, it will command wide-spread sympathy and sup- 
 port. 
 
 That Nova Scotia is far in the rear of many other 
 countries in manufacturing industry, is a fact universally ad- 
 mi tted. The sister Province of New Brunswick,for example, with 
 little more than half its population, and proportionately in- 
 ferior in wealth and other resources, displays a degree of 
 manufacturing enterprise far in advance of us. It has six 
 Public manufacturing companies, with a declared capital of 
 about two million dollars. To whatever causes the stagnation 
 in Nova Scotia ia attributable, they are not to be found in the 
 absence of the main elements necessary to secure success. I^g 
 
 /Ik 
 
geographical position in relation to the markets of the world — 
 its capacious and well sheltered harbors — its extensive ship- 
 ping — its mineral wealth, especially as including abundance of 
 coal and iron — its water power, clearly mark it as a country 
 most favorably adapted for manufactures. Without attempt- 
 ing at present to trace the causes that have hitherto tended 
 to retard industrial progress in the Province, we may be 
 permitted to express our conviction that firm determination 
 and prudent united action, alone, are wanting, to effect a com- 
 paratively rapid and favorable change. 
 
 It has indeed been said, that without a large Provincial 
 population to consume what is produced, success cannot be 
 ■ expected. The history of the progress of manufactures in 
 other countries, seems to prove the contrary, We can point 
 to a country in Europe, which is surrounded by teeming 
 populations of almost unrivalled skill and industry, but which 
 succeeded first on a small, and subsequently on a more extend- 
 ed scale, in competing with eminent success, with the foremost 
 of its rivals. We refer to Belgium, which has only an area of 
 11,313 square miles, and a population of five million souls, but 
 which exports annually, goods to the value of about forty- 
 seven million pounds sterling, of which, in 1867, £7,553,207 
 sterling value, went to the United Kingdom. Indeed, Belgium 
 exports relatively to population, more merchandise than Grea^t 
 i Britain and Ireland, whose exports in the year just named, 
 amounted to the enormous aggregate value of two hundred 
 and twenty-six million pounds sterling — the population being 
 about thirty million souls, or six times that of Belgium. We 
 mention these facts, not for the purpose of comparing the 
 manufacturing facilities of Belgium with those of Nova Scotia, 
 but simply to show that a small country with indomitable 
 > energy, in combination with the necessary elementary advant- 
 ages, n. ^y rival in skill and enterprise, older States that have 
 been long famous for the extent and excellence of their pro- 
 ductions. 
 
 Turning for a moment to Switzeiiand, we have further evi- 
 <dence of succesaful industrial competition on the part of a 
 
comparatively insignificant people. It has a population of 
 about half that of Belgium. Although, according to the 
 census of 1860, three-lourths of it« people arc supported, 
 either wholly or in part, by agriculture, j'et the manufactures 
 of that Republic employ about 180,000 persons, there being 
 besides, 160,000 craftsmen. The manufacture of cotton alone, 
 occupies upwaids of a million spindles, 4,000 looms, and 20.- 
 000 operatives, besides 38,000 hand-loom weavers. Is it not 
 paradoxical that we have nof in Nova ocotia, although on the 
 Continent which produces the raw material in great abundance, 
 one cotton factory ? In this department of ^ bor. New Bruns- 
 wick has set us a successful example — a fi^^t ■^hich furnishes 
 an unanswerable argument in opposition to the opinion that 
 a cotton mill would not be remunerative in this Province. If 
 we apply the iirgument derived from the smallness of popula- 
 tion, against the establishment of Eactcries, in Great Britain 
 or any other country preeminent for its manufactures, its futi- 
 lity will at once appear. In 1867 Great Britain exported cot- 
 ton manufactured goods to the declared value of £70,843,692, 
 and woolen and worsted manufactures to the amount of £20,- 
 134,080 sterling, which proves the very large extent to which 
 she depends on the foreign market for her mercantile prosperi- 
 ty, in connection with the staple article of cotton. The total 
 value of British and Irish produce and manufactures exported 
 in the same year, was £181,183,971, not to mention Foreign 
 aci Colonial produce, amounting to upwards of forty-four 
 million pounds sterling, which was included in the aggregate 
 exports previously given. Of the British and Irish produc- 
 tions sent abroad, the British Possessions, it may be remarked 
 in passing, take about twenty-nine per cent. It seems mani- 
 fest, therefore, that if Nova Scotia is to attain to as much 
 eminence, in proportion to her population and material re- 
 sources, in general man-ifactures, as she has attained in ship- 
 building, she must look, like other spirited countries, beyond 
 her own borders for a market, not being scared by obstacles 
 which other Statds, with no greater advantages, have encount- 
 ered and overcome. Let it, moreover, be borne in mind that 
 
6 
 
 the Dominion itself, presents a market in which no hostile 
 tariffs are imposed, as well as a field for honorable rivalry. 
 The estimated population of the Dominion in January, 1867, 
 based on the previous ascertained ratio of increase, was 
 3,811,000 ; and we respectfully submit that it would bo diffi- 
 cult to point to any portion of it which presents superior ad- 
 vantages for successful . n\anufacturing eiiterprizo, and 
 consequently for fair competition, to those of this Province. 
 In regard to the physical circumstances necessary to ad- 
 vancement in manufactures. Nova Scotia, like the countries 
 just specified, stands in a most favorable position. In her 
 coal mines she has " a vast magazine of hoarded or warehoused 
 power." " No nation," says an eminent writer on British 
 manufacturers "can make any considerable progress in the 
 manufacture of bulky and heavy articles, the conveyance of 
 which to a distance necessarily occasions a large expense, un- 
 less she have supplies of the raw material within herself. 
 Had we been destitute of iron ore, we could never have dis- 
 tinguished ourselves by the magnitude and value of our manu- 
 factures of these articles. And any one who reflects on the 
 advantages resulting to every branch of industry, from being 
 able to procure abundant supplies of iron at the cheapest rate, 
 will be convinced that it is no easy matter to exaggerate the 
 obligations we are under to our exhaustless stores of that 
 mineral." 
 
 At present the United States by its rKjposts, interposes a 
 formidable barrier to the introduction of our products ; but it 
 is satisfactory to know that there is a grov.'ing public opinion 
 there against the present enormous tariff. Horace Greely, who 
 may be regarded as the exponent of the sentiments of a most 
 influential political section, expresses in a recent speech, the 
 hope that a Zollverein, or Customs League, resembling, we 
 presume, in some respects, its great German prototype, may 
 be formed on this Continent. It is not our business in this 
 Address, to express an opinion as to the desirableness or 
 practicability of such a project. We allude to it on the ground 
 that its advocacy by a prominent politician in the adjoining 
 
 
Bepubiic, indicates a desire to cultivate more equitable and 
 extended commercial relations with these Provinces. Mr. 
 Greely, also, refers in the same address, in commendatory 
 terms, to the strenuous efforts now being made in the States 
 to supply their own wants in manufactures ; congratulating 
 certain districts on their success. The British exports to the 
 Republic do not, however, seem to be prejudicially affected by 
 these efforts, or by the heavy duty imposed, for Frederick 
 Martin, a British statist, writing in 1868, says : — " The total 
 exports of British produce to the United States, in conse- 
 quence of the termination of the war, increased from £16,708,- 
 505 in 1864, to £21,227,956 in 1865, and to the unprecedented 
 amount of £28,484,146 in 1866." Thus Britain seems to de- 
 rive additional commercial vigor from the fiscal antagonism of 
 one of her best customers. Nor need our extensive importers 
 in Nova Scotia dread advancement in Home Manufactures, 
 because that very advancement, as in the case of the States, 
 will tend to an increase of consumers ; and thus, instead of 
 contracting, will contribute to the activity and expansion of* 
 trade. Increase of population is rather the result of mercan- 
 tile prosperity than the cause of it. Before any considerable 
 addition to the population of Novai Scotia can take place, there 
 must be of necessity, an increase in the demand for labor. 
 The progress of the great cities of Europe and America illus- 
 trates the proposition — their increase being at the rate of, and 
 concomitant with, their commercial and agricultural enterprize ; 
 and in accordance with this law of city growth, neither Hali- 
 fax nor any other town in the Province, can become a great 
 com.mercial emporium, unless, as a prerequisite, it become the 
 seat of manufacturing industry. There is ample capital in the 
 Province to give it a fair industrial start, and as already 
 stated, we are satisfied that a judicious and spirited commence- 
 ment is all that is necessary to secure a satisfactory result. 
 
 The agricultural interests of the country are so closely allied 
 to its 1 ranufacturing prosperity, that we cannot avoid alluding 
 to the subject. Nothing surprises strangers more in visiting 
 the Province, than the very limited extent to which the soil 
 
8 
 
 is coliivated. It seems at first view incredible, considering 
 the climate and the general character of the soil, that a peo- 
 ple nnder 400,000 in number, should be under the necessity of 
 importing annually, from a million and a half, to two million 
 dollars worth of flour. Bat we rejoice to see that an increased 
 interest is being manifested in agricultural pursuits, and that 
 bubstantial progress has already been made. The wheat crop 
 of last year is greatly in excess of that* of previous years. 
 Better systems of culture are being introduced — a finer class 
 of animals is to be found in our fields, — and to a considerable 
 extent, the Board of Agricultnre is doing for our farmers, 
 what this Society, we trust, may bo able to do for our artizans. 
 On the assumption that the increp^se of manufactures might 
 have a tendency to raise the price of labor, the growing de- 
 mand for food supplies, consequent on increase of population, 
 would give an impulse to our farming, and lead to the use of 
 implements and machinery more than sufficient to counterbal- 
 ance incidental disadvantages. 
 
 Let us not be understood in the preceding remarks, as desir- 
 ing to underrate the general mercantile status of the Province. 
 A country with so limited a population, which transacts busi- 
 ness in one year to the amount of (as in 1865) of $14,381,662 
 in imports, and in exports to the value of $8,830,693 ; the 
 number of vessels registered in sixteen ports of the Province, 
 in the same year, being 3,898, having an aggregate carrying 
 capacity of 403,409 tons, and an estimated value of $13,347,- 
 509, is one of which its inhabitants have just reason to be 
 proud, challenging, as it does, honorable comparison in the 
 amount of general business transacted, and the extent and 
 value of its shipping, with any country of equal exteiit in the 
 world. But the design of the Association, in whose behalf we 
 invite the co-operation of the people, is to give a stimulus to a 
 department in which success is absolutely necessary, to ensure 
 progress in the development of our resources, in a degree com- 
 mensurate with their ascertained extent, to which compara- 
 tively recent discoveries have made large additions. 
 
 The question here occurs, What action does the Society in- 
 
 I 
 

 
 tend to take in order to secure, in 8ome measure, the object 
 for whic'i it has been instituted ? 
 
 We would at the outset, in reply to that question, endeavor 
 to disabuse the public mind of any miscouception as to the 
 responsibility of the Society's members, and as to what it is 
 intended to effect. Were it, for instance, proposed to form a 
 huge Provincial corporation, for the purpose of carrying on a 
 large business in cotton, woolen, or any manufactured goods, 
 it would be liable to serious objections, but its members run 
 no such pecuniary risk, and incur no responsibility beyond 
 their voluntary contributions to its necessary expenses. As 
 to the propriety of supporting any project for the establish- 
 ment of factories in the Province, the members individually, 
 will form their owl opinion, and act accordingly ; but whilst 
 thus abstaining from any corporate business transactions, the 
 Society will strive to give more extended currency to any 
 information which may tend to assist thd people in forming a 
 correct judgment as to manufacturing investments, producing 
 in every instance, the necessary data. But not to forestall 
 what will be subsequently introduced, we will go on to say, 
 that it is proposed by means of voluntary contributions 
 throughout the Province, either to erect or to rent a building, 
 in which shall be exhibited permanently, specimens of our 
 domestic industry. The exhibition is intended to be exclu- 
 sively Provincial in its character, and to be open to the public 
 free of charge. All the subscribers who are manufacturers, 
 shall have compartments alloted to them, in which they can 
 exhibit specimens of their goods, to be withdrawn and replaced 
 by new specimens as circumstances may require. The build- 
 ing will thus present an interesting and comprehensive view 
 of what the Province really can produce, both in the raw 
 material and manufactures. Although it cannot be reasonably 
 expected that the exhibition should present the same variety 
 and novelty to be found in countries whose population and 
 resources are more extensive, yet it will be specially interest- 
 ing to strangers, as enabling them to form a correct estimate 
 of the productions and industry of the Province, and will en- 
 
10 
 
 able all who feel interested in its commercial prosperity, to 
 mark from time to time, the progress made in industrial de- 
 velopment in the various departments. 
 
 In order to strengthen the movement, the Secretary is to 
 visit the centres of industry in the Province, and assist in 
 forming Branch Associations, which shall be in communication 
 with the Parent Society in Halifax. No difficulty is antici- 
 pated in securing at the same time, intelligent correspondents 
 in the various Counties, who will furnish it with information 
 as to any public works or factories started, or in contempla- 
 tion, or as to any othei matters that may come withir. the 
 scope of its object; and in reports statedly issued under the 
 supervision of the Directors, such information as may be 
 deemed useful or interesting, will be communicated to the 
 public. 
 
 There are other features of the movement which are in the 
 meantime, only in embryo, but which will be developed in due 
 time. Thie Directors are solicitous to avoid, at the outset, the 
 raising of expectations as to the action of the Society, which may 
 not be ultimately realized in the particular form contemplated. 
 The success of the Society will mainly depend on the support 
 it may receive from the parties whose interests it is intended 
 to promote. Although the Society is purely Provincial, it is 
 not designed to originate or foster a spirit of terri rial exclu- 
 siveness, which would isolate the Province from commercial 
 sympathy and business lelations with other Provinces or States. 
 Nor is it intended that any of its members should be debarred 
 froui buying in the cheapcit, and selling in the dearest market. 
 Hence, even the ultra free trader does not compromise his prin- 
 ciples, or restrict his operations by joining the Association. 
 For Nova Scotians to give preference to vhat is manufactured 
 in the Province, on the assumption of the article being equal 
 as to quality and price, to that which is imported, is just and 
 patriotic ; and ior Nova Scotians to strive to produ'^e in the Pro- 
 vince, much for which their money is now sentabroai, is equally 
 in accordance with the dictates of sound reason. Vhilst laws 
 designed to prevent the free interchange of certain commodi- 
 
 ties be 
 volunt 
 indust 
 age h 
 enlarg 
 subsist 
 Eal 
 
 
11 
 
 )erity, to 
 =!trial de- 
 ary is to 
 assist in 
 mication 
 s antici- 
 pondents 
 Drmation 
 ntempla- 
 thir. the 
 ider the 
 may be 
 I to the 
 
 •e in the 
 d in due 
 tset, the 
 lich may 
 nplated. 
 support 
 n tended 
 al, it is 
 tl exclu- 
 imercial 
 r States, 
 lebarred 
 market, 
 lis prin- 
 Dciation. 
 factured 
 ng equal 
 ust and 
 the Pro- 
 ! equally 
 list law? 
 )mmodi- 
 
 ties between different States, are to be deprecated, yet any 
 voluntary action on the part of a peo^ ^t whose manufacturing 
 industry is only in the first stages oi development, to encour- 
 age home production, is perfectly compatible with the most 
 enlarged views as to the commercial relations which ought to 
 subsist between the various trading communities of the world. 
 Halifax, 2>rd January, 1870. 
 Signed, 
 
 WILLIAM YOUNG, President. 
 
 GEO. J. TROOP, Vice-President. 
 
 W. S. STIRLING, Hon. Treasurer. 
 
 STEPHEN TOBIN, 
 
 J. W. RITCHIE, 
 . JOHN STARR, 
 
 WM. J. ERASER, 
 
 B. H. HORNSBY, 
 
 W. B. VAIL. 
 
 W. 0. MOIR. 
 
 DUNCAN CAMPBELL, Secretary. 
 
 ► Directors. 
 
Ist. ' 
 SOCIE' 
 HOME 
 
 2nd. 
 nation, 
 indicate 
 
 3. Tt 
 Preside 
 tors, fiv 
 
 4th. 
 ing of t 
 by adve 
 
 5th. ' 
 election 
 eration. 
 
 1 
 
 6th. ' 
 ings of 
 Minute 
 
 
 pondenc 
 publicat 
 Manufa< 
 
 
 progrcjs 
 
 
 year, an 
 by mea 
 
 
 
CONSTITUTION. 
 
 .*« tri 
 
 • <- 
 
 1st. The Society shall be designated THE NOVA SCOTIA 
 SOCIETY FOE DEVELOPING AND ENCOpRAGING 
 HOME MANUFACTURES. 
 
 2nd. The terra Manufactures, as applied in the above Resig- 
 nation, is intended, in addition to its ordinary meaning, to 
 indicate the mineral and other resources of the Province. 
 
 3. The business of the Society shall be conducted by a 
 PresidentjVice-President, Treasurer, and seven ordinary Direc- 
 tors, five of whom shall be a quorum, 
 
 4th. The officers shall be elected annually at a special meet- 
 ing of the Society, of which iue notice must be given, either 
 bv advertisement or intimation sent to each member. 
 
 5 th. The Directors shall, at the first meeting after their 
 election, proceed to appoint a Secretary, and to fix his remun- 
 eration. 
 
 6th. The duties of the Secretary shall be to attend all meet- 
 ings of the Society, or its Directors, record in the Society's 
 Minute Book its proceedings, conduct all the official corres- 
 pondence, prepare a minute Annual Report, with the view to 
 publication, embracing Statistics, specially collected, as to 
 Manufactures, and presenting a comprehensive view of the 
 progress made in various departments of industry during the 
 year, and to promote by public addresses in the Province, and 
 by means of the Press, the objects of the Society, working. 
 
14 
 
 otherwise in conformity with his Secretariel duties or func- 
 tions, according to the instructions of the Directors. 
 
 7th. The operations of the Society shall be confined to Nova 
 Scotia, save in so far as it may be necessary through the Press, 
 or otherwise, to direct attention in Europe, or elsewhere, to 
 the advantages which the Province presents for manufacturing 
 or mercantile industry. 
 
 8th. To facilitate the disposal in other countries, by cor- 
 respondence or otherwise, of goods manufactured in the Pro- 
 vince, is one of the objects of the Society. 
 
 9th. The only qualifications for membership shall be perma- 
 nent residence in the Province, and adherence, by signature, 
 to the following daclaration : — 
 
 " We, the undersigned, in becoming members of The Nova 
 Scotia Society for Devblopino and Encouragino Home 
 Manufactures, pledge ourselves to give preference, as a rule, 
 to the manufactures of the Province, and do all in our power 
 to promote the objects for which the Society has been insti- 
 tuted." 
 
 10th. It shall be competent for the Society to assist in form- 
 ing auxiliary or branch Societies in all the Provincial centres 
 of industry, which shall be in regular communication with the 
 parent Society in Halifax. 
 
 11th. It is a fundamental principle of the Society that, in 
 no circumstances, or on no conditions, can politics or any ex- 
 traneous subject, be admitted into its canons, or its private 
 or pulDlic deliberations. 
 
 12th. No member shall be responsible, save for the pay- 
 ment of the sum which he subscribes towards the support of 
 the Society. 
 
 •r*. 
 
 A 
 186! 
 offic 
 i 
 V 
 & C 
 T 
 D 
 Step 
 Hon 
 Pain 
 A1 
 1869 
 8ecr( 
 
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 15 
 
 if.l??! 
 
 At a meeting of the Subscribers held on the 9th of August^ 
 l869, the following gentlemen were unanimously elected 
 officers : — 
 
 Prmdeni— Sir William Young. 
 
 Vice-Freaident — Mr. George J. Troop, (of Black, Brothers 
 & Co.) 
 
 Treasurer — Mr. W. S. Stirling (Union Bank). 
 
 Directors — Mr. John Starr (of David Starr & Sons) ; Mr, 
 
 Stephen Tobin, Mayor of Halifax ; Hon. W. B. Vail; Colonel 
 
 Hornsby; Hon. J. W. Ritchie; Mr. W. J. Fraaer (of Fraser, 
 
 Paint & Co) ; Mr. W. 0. Moir (of Moir & Co.) 
 
 At a meeting of the Directors held on ihe 17th of August, 
 
 1869, Mr: Duncan Oampbsll was unanimously elected 
 
 Secretary, 
 
 )rivate 
 
 pay. 
 )ort of 
 
 
 f