I*^ e> .^«^vf^ V] Vl dl '% y /. H. /A ^' o^.. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 1^^ i.l :^ ii£ IIIM ii Photographic Sciences Corporation i" /> ^ A 1.25 1.4 1.6 ^ 6" — ► iVX'^^ ^^^^^I^ ^ 23 WIST MAIN STRUT WnSTIR.N.V. 14980 (716)S73-4S03 n* I? yS'-^ t^r r CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notas techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliograph^cally unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. I~7] Coloured covers/ 1^ I Couverture de couleur I I Covers damaged/ D n n G^ Couverture eridommag^e Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaurde et/ou pellCcul6e Cover title missing/ Le titre de 'jouverture manque I I Coloured maps/ Cartes g^ographiques «>n couleur □ Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleua ou noire) Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ Reli^ avec d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serr^e peui causer de I'ornbre ou de la distortion le long de la marge intirieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouties lors d'l.ne restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cala itait possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6t6 film6es. L'institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-Atre uniques du point de vue bibliographique. qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la m6thode normals de filmage sont indiquis ci-dessous. I I Coloured pages/ / n Pages de couleur Pages damaged/ Pages endommagies Pages restored and/oi Pages restaur^es et/ou pellicul6es Pages discoloured, stained or foxe< Pages d6color6es, tachetdes ou piqudes I — I Pages damaged/ I I Pages restored and/or laminated/ r~7[ Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ □Pages detached/ Pages d^tach^es Showthrough/ Transparence I I Quality of print varies/ Qualitd indgale de I'impression Includes supplementary material/ Comprend du materiel suppl^mentaire Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Los pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont 6t6 filmies A nouveau de fa9on A obtsnir la meilleure image possible. T Th to T^ po of fil Oi be th si< ot fir si4 or Tl sh Tl w M di er be r!( re m Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppl^mentaires: (rrsgular pagination [IMO, [43M4,41-[42J, 47-48,45-40. Tnis item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est filmi au taux de reduction indiqu* ci-dossous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 28X 30X .-J- 1 1 / 12X lex 20X 24X 2BX 32X ( The copy filmed here has been repro'juced thanks to the generosity of: Library of the Public Archives of Canada The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. L'exemplaire film* fut raproduit grflce A la gAn*rosit6 da: La bibliothdque des Archives publiques du Canada relpi Les images suivantes ont 6t6 rqproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de la netteti de l'exemplaire fiimi, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. Original copicis in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when aporopriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimte sont filmfe en commen^ant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dernlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impresslon ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, salon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires ociginaux sont filmis en commenqant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernii$>re page qui comporte une telle empreinte. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol — »> (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol T (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Un des symboles suivants apparattra sur la derniAre image de cheque microfiche, seion le cas: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE ', le symbols V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand cornur, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmte i des taux de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reprodult en un seul cliche, il est film6 d partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche h droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 A SHORT AUTJlEiXTlC ACCOUNT OF THE i EXPEDITION AGAINST QUEBEC IN THE YEAR l7r)9, iNDEii noniANi) OF MAJOR -(ii:M:iiAL ]\m ME. BTA VOLUNTEER UPON THAT EXPEDITION. l'UINTIN<: AND IMIUJSIIING KSl'AUl^lbUMhN 1 . 1872, A SHORT AUTHENTIC ACCOUNT OF THE EXPEDITION AGAINST QUEBEC m THE YEAR 1759, UNDER COMMAND OF MAJOR -GENERAL JAMES WOLFE. BY A VOLUNTEER UPON THAT EXPEDITION. Quebec : PRINTED BY MIDDLETON A DAWSON, AT THE "GAZETTE" PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ESTABLISHMENT. 1873< 3 ell i ^ I ^fhO NOTE. The manuscript of the annexed narrative waa oiroalated for half aeentnrj in Quebec by the late Deputy-CommieBary-Qeneral Thompson, with a not* to tlie effect that it was transcribed by him " from rough memoranda." From tlie high position which both he and his father had held in publio estimation, for nearly a century, it was generally known as the "Thompnon ManuBcript." A short time belbre tlie removal of the Royal Engineers from Quebec, Mr. C. Walkem, an employe of the Department, in assorting th» othce-papers, discovered a n .inuscript, and, not being aware of the exiatene* of tlie " Thompson Narrative," believed that it was an original documant. Under this impreseior. he shewed it to me, when I at once pronounced it a nearly verbatim-etlUeratim copy of Thompson, and produced to him the original, which I left for some time in his possession, Mr. WyJkem ditiseiited from my view of the case, and in December last the mviuscript found by him appeared in the Canadian Illustrated Nnos a« an origioal paper never before published, and being the production of a Major Monerief, an Engineer of the Expeililion. I at once took exception to this, which led to a lengthy correspondence, in the course of which it came out that the iiianu:^cript had been published among the Royal Engineer Corps paperd ia 1848, having been furnished by the latcGeiieial Lewis, and that the copy found by Mr. Walkem was nol, as he had alleged, a copy of the original of Major Monerief, but had been transcribed by Mr. Pilkington, in 1857, by direction of Colonel Galhvey, from the Engineer Corps papers, for the information of Sir Will. Eyre. Mr. Tregelias lias ^'inoe laid cl!»im to the authorship for Major McKellar, the Engineer inChief of the Expedition, but admit* that they are not in possession of the original manuscript, which they hare hitherto failed to discover. In the course of the controversy, among other statements it was alleged that the Monerief manuscript was written in " the old style of the English of the year 175'J, whereas the Thompson journal in written in the moilern stylt>." Mr. Cliarles Walkem has also wri»*,en : "Strictly speaking, there is tiot liing clear or wslldejined &ho\xtiW\adoc\im9ntj " which was kindly lent me by tlic I'reeident of the Society. I compared both " manuscripta carefully at my leisure, and find that the Monerief manuscript !• " by no means a literal copy. There are in the Thompson manuscript over •'twelve hundred (12G0!) words additional, om'tted, or changed." I underlined in the Thompson manuscript all the passages differing from the Monerief, and placed it in the hands of the printer, with the request that be would put all the underlined portion into Italics, which he has dene. I have counted the words in the "Thompson Journal," and find that as nearly as possible they amount to ll,'jy:i. The Monerief contains somewhat less; but both contain 10,783 exactly alike. The chief diflerence arises whsre whole and sometimes lung sentences, which are not found in Monerief, are found in Thompson ; but all of them, it will le Been, add to the cltRrneea aad if. precision of the narrative. HftTing my confidence in the integrity and veracity of the Thompsons increased by the enquiries, I cannot hesitate to view the manuscript in my possession as emanating from Mr. James Thomjison, junr. ; but without reierence to the authorship, I now publish it aa being tlie most succinct and clfiar narrative of the events that occurred during that most momentous crisis of our Canadian history. WM. JAS. ANDERSON. QcEBKc, Grande Ai.leb, 2lst October, 1872. The P XPEDITION Against Quebec, IN THE YEAR 1759. mm COMMAND OF MAJOR -GENERAL JAMES WOLFE. ^759- April. — Louisburg was appointed llie place of rendezvous for assembling the Forces destined for the service of this Expedition ; but, as llie harbor might not be open early enough, Halifax, which is wiiliiii a t-hort run of it, was likewise appointed for the same purposi- ; and then, the first steps in America relating to that Service were taken. The first accounts of the intended expedition came to Halifax m the beginning of the month of April, and a Squadron of eight men-of-war of the Line, which had wintered there under the command of Admiral DurelLs, bei^an lo prepare for a cruize in the Gulph and River of Saint Lawrence. April 8th.— The Honorable Brigadier-General IMurray, who was appointed to the Staff, being at Halifax, in Garrison, made an application to Brigadier-Greneral Lawrence the Governor, for providing such necessaries for the Service of the Siege as might be procured there to advantage, and conveniently transported. The Governor readily complied with his demand, and, without loss of time, gave directions accordingly. April 22nd. — The Honorable Brigadier-General Monkton, the second in Command, arrived from the Continent, 20/10, being made acquainted with the particulars to be provided, approved of their being forwarded. J 6 April 30th. — Admiral Saunders arrived with a fleet from England : he had made attempts to get into Lonisburg, but was prevented by the Ice, which still remained in great quantities along that coast. Major-General Wolfe, Commanfier-in-Chief of the Expedition ; the Honble. Brigadier-General Townshend ; and Colonel Carleton, Depy.-Quar.-Masr.-Genl., with some other officers, arrived in the fleet. This evening there was a detachment of 650 men from the garrison of Halifax, 2 Engineers, a proportion of intrenching Tools, an officer and a small ueiuchment of Artillery, with a couple of Field-pieces, under the command of Col. Carleton, ordered on board of Admiral Durell's FMeet, which still remained in the harbor, and now in readiness to sail. This command was to take post on one of the islands of the river which should be most advantageous for preventing succors • from 'gelling to the Enemy. r May 2i»d. — The preparations begun at Halifax were approved of by the General, and, with some other additional articles, ordered to be forwarded with all possible dispatch ; and the fleet from England began to refit and water with diligence. ^^ May 3rd. — Admiral Durell's Fleet sailed this morning down the harbor ; but, the wind proving contrary, they were obliged to anchor at Maigri's Beach, where they remained till the 5th, and then got to Sea. May 13th. — This morning Admiral Saunders sailed for Louisburg with all the ships that were in readiness. We met Admiral Holmes off Cape Sambro' with two Ships, the " Somerset" and " Terrible." These ships having met with rough weather at sea, and sustained some damage, were ordereil into Halifax to refit. Admiral Holmes hoisted his Flag on board the and proceeded with us to \ Louisbourg. Brigr.-Genl. Monkton remained at Halifax to see that Garrison embark, and to forward some particulars relating to the Expedition. May 15th. — In the moaning we made Cape Canseau ; about noon we made the island of Cape Breton, iho coast of which was still full of ice; in the evening wc got into Louisbourg Harbor, where we found the " Bedford" and " Prince Frederick," that had wintered there, and the " Northumberland," lately arrived from England. L5ay ITth. — The " Nightingale" and convoy, with Fraser's Highlanders^ arrived from New York. Tlie (ieneral ordered such further necessaries as were not already provided at this place, with all possible dispatch. The Troop? were now coming in daily, as the weather permitted, which wa^ often so foggy that many vessels* must have run ashore upon the Coast if the noi^^ic of the surf had not apprised them of their danger. The easterly winds wliidi brought iha fogs brought likewise great qnuiititie.s of ii;e, and made the navigation still more dangerous. The harbor of Louisbourg was so full for several days, that there was no geiitng on board nor ashore without a great deal of trouble and danger. May 31st. — Brigr.-Genl. Monkton arrivfd with four Battalions from Halifax and two Battalions from iht; Bay of Fundy. Our whole force was now assernlileJ, con.sisting of ten Battalions, three Companies of Grenadiers Iroin tlit? garrison of Louisbourg, a detachment of Artillery, and live companies of Rangers, — the whole ainoMUling - Eight thousand five hundred and thirty-five iiu'n til U Uu'y, officers included (8,535) : they were proportioned on board qfihe Transports to the best advantage, and were landed for air and Exercise, when the weather permitted, during our slay; and these opportunities were taken to .slow the water And Provioions on b9ard» The transpdrtn w«re divided into m t 8 three Division", under the command of Brign-G^nerals Monkton, Townshend, and Murray, each on board of a Fi-igate, with a distinguishing Pendant to lead and repeat the Signals required. Junk 4th. — This morning Admiral Saunders sailed out of Louishourg harbor wiih as many of the fleet as could follow ; but the wind coming contrary soon ziterwardsy there was a considerable part left behind, and remained tintil the %th in the morning, during which time the Admiral kept in the offing ; then the remaining part came out, and the whole sailed in the evening. June 9th. — Being ofl the " Bird-Island," we were joined by another company of Rangers, of about 100 men, from the Bay of Fundy. J. _,*: 18th.— In the evening we came to an Anchor, for the first time since we left Louisbourg, at the Isle of " Bic." F'rom this island we were for the most part obliged to take l/te advantage of tiie tides of flood and daylight, as the currents began to be stiong and the channel narrov/. About this time we iiad accounts by a small vessel taken by one of Admiral Durell's cruizers that a French Fleet got up the river before admiral Dureil's arrival, consisting of three Frigates and about twenty sail of Transports, with Recruit."?, Clolhiiig, Ammunition, Provisions and Merchandize. Juke SGtii.— Fn the evening the last Division of our Transj>()rls passivl through the " Trav=^rse" at *'o lower end of the " hie d'Orlean."^," which, though reckoned aangerous, our ships imrlfd up with a cc itrary wind. This pi^ce of s(.'arnan!»hip surprised the Enemy a good deal, for we were perhaps ill.* firsi iliat ever attempted to get through in that mann'.'r; indteil, tliore were boats with Hags anchored upon '.tie shores on eacli side of the channel, which was a necessary precaution with to unfayorable windu. It mu»t be obisrred {hat we found the navigalion of ihe Saint ijawrence mnoh less dKficuh than we could have expected from the accounts given of it. Out of our great lleei, consisting of neariy two hundred sail, there was not a single ship lost, nor any damage sustained, except the loss of a few anchors and cables where there were strong currents and foul ground. The weather had been pretty moderate ever since our departure, which, no doubt, contributed to this part of our good fortune. In our way up, we found one of Admiral Dureli's squadron at anchor near '" Oreen Island;" the admiral himself, with some ollters, in the North channel of the " Isle-aux-Coudres," ana two or three in the South channel of the "Isle d'Oricans." The three-dfckhl ships were bft in ihe North channel of the hU-arx-C<.ndre.fi, in cose there 7night not be loater enough for their getting through the "T-aveise." June 27tii.— In the morning the signal- was made in the South channel of the Isle d'Orleans, off the Church of "Saint Laurent," for landing the Troops : this was immediately set about, and mot with no opposition, the island having been abandoned some time before. While the Troops were disembarking, the General went 7vith an Escort to the point of Orleans^ called by the French " Bout-de-l'isle, and saw the Enemy encamped along the North shore of the liason, in ei"ht dilTerent encampments, e.;tending from the '-'Riviere ^?\mX Charles" to within one mile of the ''Saidt Montmoronci," and the coast fortified all along as far as the encampments reached. There were some floating batteries, launches, and batteaux, with eanunn, in the creeks along the shore. These precautions in the Enemy were plain indications that the most advantageous landing, and the mo^t practicable, must be upon that coast. There was no judging, with certainty, of the Enemy's strength from the extent and number of their encampment's; but we had good intelligence that they wern about 16,000 or 18,000 men I 10 ll } .V i After taking a full view of all that could be seen from this place, the General relumed to " Saint Laurent," and ordered the Troops then disembarked to Encamp. The 3rd Batallion of Royal Americans remained on board till fariher orders. In the afternoon there came on a heavy gale of wind at North-East, which occasioned a good deal of damage amongst onr Transports, and, as we afterwards learned, gave the enemy very favorable hopes of an easy riddance. If it had come on in the night-time, or continued some hours longt'r, it might, in some measure, have answered their expectations. We, however, escaped without losiing any ship. Some few vessels had run ashq_re, but were afterwards got ulT; and the only loss we felt sensibly was that of our iioats, which aflected our motions throughout the whole campaign. .Tune 28th. — About eleven at nr'Jit the enemy sent 7 Fire-ships from the Town to go down the S. Chatinel with the ebb-tide and b'.'rn our fleet ; but they rnanag-^d so as to entertain us instead of annoying us. They set them on fire, and lell them to the direction of the current before they hud got withm halt a mile of our head-most ship, which gave our boats iinie to grapple and tow them ashore, tho' all in flames; and there they burnt down without touching a single ship. JcwE 29th. — In the morning Colonel Carlelon was sent, with three Companies of G/enadiers from St. Laurent, to encamp on the Point of Orleans. In the evoiting lirigr.-Genl. Monkton crossed the South channel from Saint Laurent to "Beaumont," with four Battalions, three companies of Light Infantry, and some Rangers, and marched from thence next morninc,and in the evening took possession of " Fointe-Levj." In that march his advanced and flank-partics exchanged some few shots with some of the Eiieuiy's scouling-panies, nnd picked up a box of papers belonging to their Commanding- 11 Officer, which led to some discoveries, Pointe-Levl waa immediately began (o be fortified, and was kept lor an hospital and a place of arms during the Campaign. July 2nd. — There were three Battalions sent from Saint Laurent to encamp atthePoint of Orleans, under the Command of Brigr.-General Townshend. This place was likewise began to he fortified for a place of arms and an Hospital, aod kept so durint^ the Campaign. Here the General, for the present, fixed his Head-Quarters. July Snn. — The remainder of the Army of St. Laurent came to the Point of Orleans, under the Command of Brigr.< Genl. Murray. July 4th. — Brigr.-Gon'l. Murray went up the South side of ihe river, towards the ^'- ElcheminSy'' to reconnoitre and take a view of the opposite side, a6o?;e /Ac Town: upon his return there was a place fixed for landing there, and some rafts for ferrying the Troops across the river were ordered to be made at Pointe-Levi ; but thai plan was soon after laid aside. July 5th. — The 4S5'.Ii Riltalion, with three companies of Light [nfanlry aiui some Rangers, under the command of Colonel Burton, were encamped and cantoned near " Pointe des Peres," to cover some works and batteries ordered this day by the Gene;al to be erected th(M*e, against the Town. JULY 8th. — The General, with the Grenadiers of the army, six companies of Light Inffuitry, and two of l-iangers, marched from the Camp ai the Point of Orleans at eight in the evening, and belwei n eh;ven and twelve at night crossed the North channel, a liitio above the Church of '■^ Saint Pierre" and about two unlock next morning look possession of the ground upon the East side of the Falls of " Montmorency." He waa followed the same night by the three Baltals. under the command of brigr.-Genl, Townshend. H I •f*. i 12 . There was no opposition made to our taking possession of //«s ground ; and it seems probable that the Enemy did not discover us until day-light next morning, for, by the stir then in their camp, they sev;med to be somewliat alarmed. This camp was immediately began to be fortified, and here the General fixed his Head-Quarters while he A;fi;;r possession of it. July 1 Itii. — In the morning we discovered that the Enemy had, in the night-/?«ie, began !o advance their breast-works upon the edge of the bank, towards the falls. This night Brigr.-General Murray brought the remainder of our Army, which still lay at the Point of Orleans, to tne Camp at Montmorenci, having lelt that Post to be guarded by a detachment of Marines landed for the purpose. July 12th. — There were two Batteries opened against the Town at " Poin'e dcs Peres" — one of six 32-pounderSj the other of five 13-in. mortars. July IGth. — A carcass from our Battery set the Town on lire on the North side of the Jesuits' CollegCy in the sired ^'■La Fahriqae.f^'' and burned for several hours. July 19th. — This night the Sutherland and some Transports pa.'ssed th3 Town with the 3rd Battalion of Rf)yal Americans, with some other Troops on boaid under ilie Command of Colonel Carleton, whick we understood hy deserters had alarmed the Enemy a good deal. July 20Tn. — T'lcie was another Battery opened against the Town a' Pointe dcs Peres of 4 Soa-Scivice Mortars — three of 13 inches and one cf 10 inches, — it having been found by a trial irinde thai a liomb-Koteh could not lay her broadside lo the Town for the strength of the current; the sea-mortart. were, thereloie, employed by land. July 21st. — There was a di scent m.^tle at " Ptiinle-uux- rrenililes,'' st^ven leagues above the Town, on the North side, by Colonel (yurlelon. His party was fired upon ai first landing IS by some Canadians and Inrlians, but ihey were soon disperged. fie took possession of some Phins and Papers, a good many Wotntni, and a few men Prisoners. Major Prevotif, witli 1 or 2 more officers an I a few private men, were wounded, and a few other privates i^illed. July 23nd. — At night there was n considerable fire in the Town, caused by a (-arcass, wliieh burnt the Cathedral and ten or twelve good houses in its neighbourhood. July 2GTn. — About three o'clock this morning, tiie General and Brig.-Goneral Murray, with the 35th Rej^iment, five (Companies of Light-fnfantry and one of the Rangers, and two field-pieces, set out from Montmorenci-Camp to reconnoitre two fords about five miles above the Falls. Alter we had proceeded about a mila anricans that had marched up from Pointe Levi to the opposite point, and crossed over to Foulon, were the last that joined us. They came about eight o'clock, and our line and disposition were completed very soon afterwards. Our Line, consisting of the three Companies of Louisbourg Grenadiers and six Battalions, faced the Enemy's Line, — the Right commanded by Brig.-Greneral Monkton, and the Left by Brigr.-Gen. Murray. The individual Corps were Commanded as follows, vizt. : — The Louisbourg Grenadiers by Lieut -Col. Murray : the S5th by Lieut.-Col. Fletcher ; the 28tb by Colonel Walsh ; the 4Srd by Major Elliott ; the 47th by Licut.-Col. Hale ; the 63rd and 78th by Captain Campbell ; and the 58th by : ■< " . I bo Major Agnew. The rear of our Left was covered by two Battalions, commanded by Btigr.-General Townshend, which faced the Enemy's Irregulars upon that side. These two Battalions were the 15th, commanded by major Irving, and the 2nd Battalion of Royal Americans, commanded by Captain Oswald. The 48th, commanded by Colonel Burton (scarcely recovered of his wound), formed a body of Reserve in the rear of the right. Our Light-Infantry, commanded by Colonel Howe, covered our rear; and the 3rd Battn. of Royal Americans, commanded by Colonel Young, covered the Landing-place, in order to protect our Boats and secure a means of retreaty which the very greai superiority {in numbers) of the Enemy rendered a measure of precaution not to he neglected. The General moved about at every pointy but, after the commencement of the Action, kept on a rising ground on our right flank, from whence He had a view of the whole field. The Enemy's Line was completed soon after ours. It consisted of five Battalions of Regulars in the centre, and of three Battalions of the Colony-Troops on the Right and Left. Their Irregulars, consisting of Canadians and Indians, were dispersed in flying-parties {voltigeurs) upon our Flanks, particularly our left, where they were very numerous, and, before the charge made by the main body, made some feeble advances, as if they intended to attack us at thai point ; but General Townshend having ordered two Pickelts from the 15th to advance by turn and to fire upon them, they afleriuards kept up only a straggling fire, and ai too great a distance to do much execution. The Enemy's General Officers were Lieutenant-General fc Marquis de Montcalm, and General de Brigade Senuzergues, Lieutenant-Colonel de Lasarre. The French Line began moving up to the Charge about nine o'clock, advancing briskly, and for some short .lime in good order; but he/are they got vnthin reach, their front 31 began to Fire, which immediately extended throughout iLe whole body, in a wild, scattered manner. They were, noon observed to waver, yel continued to advance with the same disorderly fire. When they reached to within One hundred yards of us, our Line moved up sloicli/ and regularly with a steady pace, and, when within twenty or thirty yards of closing, gave a general discharge^ upon which the Enerny^s whole Line turned their hacks from right to left in the same instant. They were, by ten o'clock, pursued withinmusket-shot of their own walls, and scarcely took a look behind them until they had got within the Garrison. Their Irregulars upon our left moved towards the Town as soon as their line gave way, but still maintained their ground along the Bank upon that side, where, beinf^ protected by the Coppice and Brush, they kept up a continued ^n'ng. Brigr.-General Murray, who, with Fraser's Battalion of Highlanders {the ISth), had pursued the enemy to within musket-shot of Sainte Ursule's Bastion, being informed that all our Grenera.\- Officers were wounded, and the French having totally disappeared^ was now returning back to the Field of Battle ; but hearing the firing of Irregulars to be resumed from the Brushwood, ordered the Highlanders to go and beat them off. A hot skirmishing ensued, in which they (the Highlanders) sufi'ered a good deal ; but, being at length joined by a part of the 58th Regiment and of the 2nd Battalion of Royal Americans, they drove the French down the Banky into the suburbs of Saint Rocque, and from thence towards the Bridge on the Saint Charles, where the Main Body, after having passed through the Town to conceal their Retreat, were st^l crossing in great confusion. We then became sole Masters of the Field. Our Loss, although not great in numbers, was nevertheless very severe. Our General was mortally wounded when the affair had nearly arrived to a crisis, and survived only long enongh 32 to be made acguaitUed with the Olorious Tidings^ lo a true Soldier, " that the came entrusted to him by His Sovereign and his Country had terminated in Victobx." Brigadier-General Monkton received a very severe wound soon after the Commanding-Gencriily and Was carried off the field. We had more casualties from the skirmishing than ih the gederal action, in cdnsegueHce of the proximity of the brushwood J which offered too great an inducement to the Indians io pursue their favorite mode ofioarfare^ the result of which ori this occasion proved to be but too favorable. Of the number wounded was Colonel Carleton {very severely), and was -carried off the field before the main body of )he enemy cam6 to the Charge. Our Loss upon the Whole was nine officers killed and fifty-five wounded ; forty-nine non-commissioned officers and privates killed and five hundred and forty-two wounded. The Enemie's loss exceeded ours in numbers. The Marquis de Montcalm was mortally wounded ; and Brigr.-General S6n6zergues, with about two hundred officers and vnen, lay dead upon the field. We took thirteen oncers and three hundred and thirty men Prisoners. The number of their wounded we could not exactly ascertain ; but from various ^rrroboralive accounts they must have exceeded twdvt hundred. The Command now devolved upon Brigr.-General Townshend, who was said to be wounded by mistake in place of Colonel Carleton. Soon after the general action the enemy attempted to re-take the Battery at Samosse ; but they were again repulsed, with some loss. Between twelve and one o'clock ^here appeared a considerable body of the Enemy upon the Saint-Foix road, in the rear of our left, which we soon learned to be Monsieur S3 Bougainville's commanJ, tchich we left in the morning at Caprouge. Upon his findingjhat the main pointwas already decided, and seeing some of our Battalions in motion, and our Artillery movine Tuvvd to the English Troops, Their (jencr;il will pleape to order poimr coiili.'r.s as Safeguards to the Churches, Convents, and principal hourT-i. Article 10th. Granted. Article IOth. That the King's Lieutenant Com- manding in the Town of Quel ec shall be permitted to send toinfrm the Marquis de Vaudreuil, the G^jv- eriior-General, of tlip surrerde'- of the place; also, that he may write to the minister of France to inform him of it. 36 Articlk Utu. Grauted. Article 11th. That Ihe prcBenl Capitulation sliall beexecaled according to its lorni and tenor, wititoul leiiig liable to failure under pretence of reprisal", or the non-perlorniance of any preceediiig Gapitulutiou. The present Treaty had been made, and Duplica:es kept by ua. Signed and Sealed in the Camp before Quebec, tlie Eighteenth day of September, in the Year oiie thousand seven hundred and fifty-nine. CHARLES SAUNDERS. GEO. TOWNSHEND. De RAMZAY. The same evening we took possession of the Town, with some Companies of Grenadiers, who mounted the Guards, at^reed upon to prevent irregularities, and such other Guards as were judged necessary ior the Security of the place. There were two Battalions marched into the Town, the Barracks not being in a condition to receive any more for the present. We found the Buildings in general in a most ruinons condition, and infinitely worse tlian we could have imagined ; for, besides those burnt, there was hardy a house in the Town that was not injured by either shot or bhells ; nor were they habitable without some repairs. The Fortifications, which consisted inly of the frorvts towards the Laod, were little more than hall-linislnMi, and could have held out but a very few days after the opening of our batteries; for, there being neither clinch, cover'd-vvuy, nor out-works, the Scarp-wall was expo.-ed to view in many places from the top of the parapet to the foundation. The S7 inside was equally imperfect, and its defense in many places impracticable, even for email arms. There was found in the Town, and along the Coast of Beauport, Two hundred and thirty-four pieces oi Cannon, Seventeen Mortars, and four Howitzers, Brass and Iron of all sizes included ; six hundred and ninety-four Barrels of Powder; fourteen thousand eight hundred round shot; fifteen hundred shells ; three thousand muskets with Bayonets; and seventy tons of musket-shot, with many other articles of less value. Thsre remained but a small quantity of Provisions, scarcely enough to serve the Garrison for four days, and that was distributed to the Women and children of the poorer inhabitants. The reason of this scarcity was; .!.at the French never had above a fortnight's provisions in the garrison at a time, from the fear of their being destroyed by our red-hot shot or shells : they were, therefore, supplied from above and from the army at Beauport as occasion required. The supplies being so precarious was undoubtedly one of the principal causes of their sudden capitulation, for they had but little hopes of the garrison being regularly fed. The number of men who carried arms in the Town, at the time of the Capitulation, was about two thousand five hundred. Of these, tbeie were aboui eighteen hundred regulars, marines, and sailors sent to France ; the remainder continued in the Country under the terms of the Capitulation. The Enemy's loss in Town, during the Siege, amounted to about one hundred men. Their expense of ammunition must have been inconsiderable, for their fire upon our Batteries at Poinle-rfes-Peres was faint, and their fire upon our Works upon the Hauteur d'Abraham was but of a few days' continuance, which, with the small quantity found in Town, especially of Powder, makes it probable that there was no great plenty of ammunicalion in the country. 38 r Our loss of men and expense of ammunition, during the whole Campaign, stood as follows, vizt. : Killed. Woun'd. Total. Officers 18 107 125 Non-Commissioned Officers, i Drummers, and Private V 252 1116 1368 Men ; Total 270 1223 1493 Expense of Ammunition. f 32-ponnder 18,000 « jou* J 24 do ^.. 18,350 Round Shot.... "^ j2 do 1,000 (^ 6 do. with wood bottoms... . 400 Powder— Barrels oi 3,8*^0 Musket-shot— Tons ) < r 13-inch 3,000 „. ,, J 10 do 3,300 Snells j 8 do 1,000 [ 5^ and 4f none. Brigadier-General Monkton, being a good deal recovered of his wounds, resumed the Command. The advanced season of the year, which must oblige our Fleet to depart soon, and the work that must necessarily be done to accommodate and secure ourselves for the ensuing winter, rendered it no;v impracticable to continue the operations of the campaign any longer. There were so many difficulties to struggle with, that it was thought doubtful by some what measures might be most adviseable to pursue, either to retain the place or to demolish and abandon it. Depositing and securing our Provisions ; Repairing Barracks and Quarters ; Improving and securing our Works against assault and surprise ; Providing a sufficiency of Fuel for the Winter, &ca., &ca., were all of them works of great labor, and almost equally pressing. But the advantages which must arise S9 from keeping the place, whether Peace or War en8uecl,'and a confidence in the Troops, who were now thoroughly inured to fatigue and danger, made the doubts upon that head soou vanish. It was, t' erefore, determined to keep the place at all hazards, and immediate measures were taken accordingly. There was a Staff appointed, and such works as required the most immediate attention were began upon without delay. Brigadier-General Murray was appointed Governor, and Colonel Burton Lieutenant-Governor; with such other Staff appointments as are usual in a British Garrison. Transcribed from rough memoranda, by Jas. Thompson, Junr. 1821. The foregoing is not in the usual mode of my Father's recitation, but is not the less Authentic, I np 40 ■. ■; French Force. Men, The Quebec nrigade, commanded by Colonel De Saint Ours, on the right 3,500 The Brigade of Three Rivers, commanded by Monsr. De Borme, on the right « . . . . 900 The Centre, to be composed of regular Troops, com- manded by De Sen6z^rgues. 2,000 The Montreal Militia on the left, commanded by Monsr. Prudhomme 1,100 The Brigade of the Island of Montreal, Commanded by Monsr. Herbin 2,300 The Ca 'a!iy, chiefly regulars 350 Light 'i y \ rXiWf^y Canadians and Acadians 1,400 Indians, e^ ve^theScoutingand Scalping parties. 450 12,000 This force was ranged, in order of Battle, from the Bridge of the River St. Charles to the Falls of Montrnorenci, to oppose the landing of the British in (hat quarter. The Garrison oi Quebec was defended by the Militia and a few regulars, under the Command of DeRamzay. The Battle was more remarkable for display of courage than for Scientific manoevre, and was chiefly decided by the Bayonet and Broadsword, the agile Highlanders serving, in a manner, to supply the want of Cavalry, while the steadiness r*" the English Fuziliers rendered the want of Artillery less felt. General Wolfe bestowed his whole attention upon the steady advance of his Right Division (right to the St. Lawrence), injudiciously exposing himself in the front of the line, lie was repeatedly wounded, (one of the wounds being through the wrist of the Sword-arm,) and at length mortally, at the moment the French were giving way, and were pursued by the Highlanders, who. for the purpose of their indulging in their national mode of attack \ NOTE. Ck&taih persona, strangers to Canada and its people, and very little conversant with its history, having, in the course of the controversy referred to in the first note, endeavored to throw doubt on the respectability, standing in society, and competency to write of the late James Thompson, senr., and having hinted more than doubts of the veracity of both himself and son, I have thought it well to annex a few documents bearing on the subject, written by contemporaries, some of whom still live. I shall, however, in the first place, premise some facts connected with his family and self:— Mr. Thompson's parents were in that position of life which enabled them to give all their children an excellent education for that day. His eldest brother, William, was Adjutant of the 1st or Royal Scots, from whence he exchanged to the 41st, and after active service abroad returned to England, and resided at Berwick-on-Tweed, in the enjoyment of retired full-pay, till his death. Mr. Jas. Thompson, junr., having given a statement in connection with his father, it is unnecessary to repeat it. [No. 1.] " This is to certify that the bearer hereof, Mr. James Thompson, having been employed as OvEBSt^SR op "Works in the Engineer Department of this place since the year 1772, .las been recommended to me, by the officers under whom he served, for his attention and fidelity, &o. ; and having discharged his duty to my satisfaction, during my command, and being an old and faithful servant of the Crown, I have thought fit to continue him in his present employment, and do hereby recommend him to the favour and protection of all officers who may hereafter succeed to this command. "Given under my hand, at Quebec, this 8th November, 1784. "(Signed,) "Fred. Haldimand." [No. 2.] " By General His R. H. Edward, Duke of Ken'y &c., &c " It having been judged expedient, for the better regulation of the [L.S.] works carried on in the Garrison of Quebec, in the contingent Ime, under the direction of the Chief Engineer, that an Overseer should be appointed to superintend the artificers and laboirers employed in the Department of the oUicer above named, you are hereby empowered and directed to take upon yourself the several duties attached to kucIi situation, and to hold youreelt responsible (or the attention, good guidance, and i i 44 regulaiity of those placed under your immediate controul, carefully observing to obey such instructions as you may from time to time receive through the General Orders, and from the chief or subaltern Engineer ; and as a proper encouragement for your exertions in the zealous discharge of this duty, you will be entitled to receive i?ie daily pay of seven shillings and sixpence, Halifax currency, together with ^.he several allowances of lodging and fuel, which, by tlie general schedule, are attached to the situation of an Overseer of the Wm-ks, established as such by warrant from England or from the Commander-in-Chief . "Given under ;my hand and seal, at headquarters, Halifax, this 22ni day of October, 1799. "(Signed,) "Edward. "By order of H. R. H. the Comniander-in Chief, "(Signed,) "James Willougiiby Gori^dn, " Military Secretary. "To James Thompson, Esq., Overseer to the Works, Quebec." [No. 3.] " Head-Qitarters, Halifax, June 21, 1800. "Sir, — I am honored with the commands of H. R. H, the Duke of Kent to acknowledge your letter of 28th ulto., which was received here yesterday. His R.:H. is well coiroinced of your meritorious and long services ; and beingjalways desirous of extending his patronage to those who appear to be deserving of Jit, he has, in the present instance, actually anticipated your request, and your warrant was transmitted by me in a letter to Lieut. -Gen. Hunter," of 7th April last, and which it is to be hoped will before thia period have been safely deposited in your possession. " I^bave thehonor tojbe, sir, &c., &c., "James Wii,i,ovoiiby GonooN, "Military and Privato Secretary. *• ToJJames Thompson, Esq., Overseer to the Works, Quebec." [No. 4.] "Dear Sir, — I think I have'seen lately m town your son, who has been stationed at|the Cedars. Will you do me the favour to accept a quiet dinner with ?ne next week?— I will say Wednesday ;— and 1 ask the favour, \ 41 with the less constraint, had thrown away their fuzees; and the Broadsword soon tcM a dreadful account of the Slaughter th^t took place, on the .ew taken of the ground after the confusion of the retreat had somewhat subsided. The pursuit of the Highlanders was across the slope, in a direction towards the Greneral Hospital ; but a great part of the retreat was through the Town, by St. John's and St. Lewis Gates, and out again through Palace Gate, along the Beach, towards the Ferry at St. Charles River. My Father held no Rank in the Array, but Volunteered his Services in order to accompany a particular Friend, Captain Baillie, who obtained a Company in Fraser's Highlanders, which Regiment was raised in the Town of Tain, Ross-shire, in four days, and numbered upwards of fourteen hundred men. Commanded by Colonel Simon Fraser. On the passage to Halifax, Captain Bailey introduced my Father to the Colonel, wh-o promised to use his interest in procuring for him a Commission ; but no vacancy having occurred, and the Regiment having been disbanded after the Conquest of Louisbourg, Quebec and Montreal, he was left without employment. At length, in 1761, he was offered the situation of Banackmaster of Quebec, or Town-Major of Montreal ; but, being by Profession an Engineer, he chose the Appointment of Superintendent of Military Works, which was conferred upon him by General Murray, and which i.e held until his decease in 1830 — 69 years, corresponding with the number of years that I have been a member of the Commissariat, having joined on the 15th October, 1798. My Father died at Quebec in his 99th year. The foregoing Memo. Noted in January, 1867. J AS. THOMPSON, D. C. Gl. mm 47 Though I have not the pleasure of your acquaintance, you will permit me, with all 'respect, to offer some observations in the matter, which may tend to vindicate and e*tablieh the truth of what you have asserted in your various communications. I really cannot understand how Mr. Walkem (whoever he may te) can seek to lower the social status, at the period mentioned, of the late Mr. James Thompson, senior ; but t'.iis I know, as a truth, that I have a per/ect recollection, when a youth at Quebec, of having read, with interest, s o '^ «« • ' O 08 C B S o "SO© •sic" O > -*-> ^3 -^ ® * '^ OS c j= v2 •" t>^ "^ 53 -r 5 ':i > ?5 en o -S E « C r-* = «^ S = OO OX! a: ^.tf c oc o •-■>£:© '^ \ (Copy of To Capt. A&hb, R. N. Chairman of Cornmutco, &c. SfR — The undersigned begs to hand you ccpios lions on the Journal concerning which he was ii which you are Chairman. Owing to a certain defec ing, it is believed, consequences unfavourable to a f referred to it, the undersigned has thought it his d; the Besolution passjd at the last general moetin nrocedui'e as to the taking of the evidence, hut also for the convenience of the Associate Members genen into consideration. A marginL,l note, "Major Moncrief" which app( Journal, is believed to have been inscribed, by 7nist engineers on the expedition does not include Mor then in the British Army an Engineer OHicer of tha This circumstance has not been alluded t>) ; explanatory marginal note cannot bo assumed to afti of the contents, date and signature, all covered 1 Patrick McKellar, the responsible signer of the docu faintest colour to the doctrine that the writer's nam can it be fairly construed either as an excuse for pii retreat, from this controversy, 4n the part of those v the accompanying statement is intended to shew examination whicli is usual in cases of disputed autli I a An Ass Quebec, April 30th, 1872. {Copy of Letter.) &c. 2;s to hand you copies of a statement containing evidence ami obsorva- [ling wiiich he was invited to bear testinaony before the Committee of ving to a certain defect in the constitution of the Committee, occasion- 08 unfavourable to a full and dispassionate investigation of the case I has thought it his duty not only to avail himself of the provisions of ) last gorfcral meeting of the Society and regulating the Committee's the evidence, but also to have the accompanying statement printed iociate Members generally who may feel disposed to take the particulars Moncrief which appears on the first page of some of the copies of the 3en inscribed, by viistake, in place of Major McKeMar, since the list of does not include Moncrief, although it is well known that there was Kngineer Olficer of that name, who subsequently rose to distinction, lot been alluded to in the accompanying statement because such mot bo assumed to atl'ect the authenticity of the hoadirtg itself, or that ij'nature, all covered by the initials, P. M., of the Head Engineer, iblo signer of the document. The presence of the note atl'ords not the that the writer's mime was Thompson, but diMounlenances this. Nor or as an excuse for publishing that claim, or as a shelter to cover tho (in the part of those who i-aisod aiiil su|)porte(l it on grounds which is intoi\ded to shew Avill not boar being subjocted to the kind of eases of diMjiuted authorship. I am Sir, Your Obt. Sorvt. * An Associate Membeii oi- the Quebeo Liter VKY and Histoiucal Societv.