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Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmds d des taux de reduction diff6rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film* d partir de I'angle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images n6cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants iilustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 4 5 6 0U£ VILLAGE AND MECHANICS' INSTITUTE, ♦•«»«-fi ««..... BY REV. WALTER IM n, US, DSiiVERED MARCH :^C, 18dV, JiEFORE THE M!vCif A^K'S INSTITUTE OF FTNCARDINE KXNCAKDINE : Prliitedby J. Lang, "Bruca Review" Omet^ 1367. Price 10 cf..^. ^ \\ ,} •V'^- r; i ,ih OUR VILLAGE 'ii-W/'^ AMD MECHANICS' INSTITUTE. 4 (Litfiij . BY^^ 9rf* REV. WALTER INGLIS, KINCARDINE : Printed by J. Lang, "Bruce Review" Offlee. 1867. y f. \M LA PoUiabedby tba Mothflmcs' Institate with the permiision of ihe Author. pe( Kii hw of mu 8ci jec tur iti h&\ the in abl ing wrj all loc shi I thi fou goc jec nol the wei me reli zaa lar mo a E lin th( Ta ed, grt ag tra ed •wo fri( mu Ca su< de( ma Bte LECTURE Delivered by the Rev- Mr- Inglis, in the Town Hall, Kincardine, uu the auspices of the Mechanics' Institute- LADIES AND GNTLEMEN, It is not without sonio hesitation thnt I ap- pear before you as a lecturer, on bo-lmlf of thu Kincnrdine Mochaiiics's Institute. Never hav- ing bad such a duty laid upon mo before, I have no old manuscripts at hand. My course of life has been such as to prevent me from making a hobby of some particular branch of science, or becominga scribbler on literary sub- jects. Perhaps my impression of what a lec- ture ought to bo is a little extra, yet I am sure it is safer, both lor ones-self and the public, to have the measure of judgment high, rather than low. Fundamental exposition is necessary in producing a useful lecture, with a cnnsider- able amount of trimming to make it interest- ing. Our stylo of thought is based upon tho writing that is found in Magazines of which we all read more or less ; hence tho need be of a local lecturer presenting his thoughts in true ship-shape fashion. My first difficulty is to find a subject. On this, as on other matters, tlie old proverb will bo found to hold good, ' 'A bad ceaper never gets a good sickle." Truly there is; no lack of sub- jects. Wide is the domain of knowledge, from nothing to everything. The discursiveness of the human intellect is at once its strength and weakness, its freedom and its bondage. Wiso men are making high bids for a close ancestral relation between the man and monkey. This may be so in body. It strikes me that there is a large amount of tho humming bee in the mode of action, tastes and appetites of man, — a sip here, and away with a hum. Ever travel- ling, sipping and humming — such seems to be tho nature of man's faculties of knowledge. Tastes difle r, of course . So far as I am concern- ed, I would as soon claim a beo for my great grand sire as a monkey, aye, or a gorilla. What agitations would disturb the repose of a gay, active, well-behaved bee, to have a con- tract for supply of honey to some dainty -mouth- ed persons notorious for honey eating ? What would we say of the man who summoned his Mends to a feast, and the fare was found to be much plainer than the usual daily mealf— Canld kail hardly het again — ^haggis, lacking suet and salt, those would be poor cheer to a decent — not to speak of a fastidious Scotch- man. Salt chunk, instead of good roast beef, steaming and savory, would reduce to silence w»y genial-hearted Englishman. It would rouse the wrath of the mildest IrishmoH to have a big yellow turnip presented in tlie place of glorious white potatoes. Shall I venture fur- ther? Well, just think of trying to fix up a Yankee without a pie. Just tliink what a mischievous imp he would bo, who dared try such tricks as tho abovo mentioned, rormidablo guests, mngazino renders for any mental host. They know well what is what ; as well as what is that. The intellect may not be stirred to its greatest heights and depths on En^'lish literature, but what a feast of reason and flow of soul is prepared and spread out on tho pages of many of our periodicals 1 If I were not a liumming-beo, what a sulijfct for a lecture I The inlhienco of modern literature upon society. Or still narrower : were I to introspect and state tho results upon my own veritable self of Magazine reading during these last two years. What a subject when a man has to lecture about self not to selfl Terrible fellows, these heavy quarterlies. Many a poor unfortunate reader has been made something like a big drum head by their speculations. Aye ; but you ha' lis year got 'Punch' as a corrective of has ntes. Just so— extremes meet. To get up a .'cture on the effects of Magazine reading, it strikes me would just suit more than one of us. Wiiat scope from a car- toon to a discussion on tho Absolute— from Caudle's curtain lectures, to expositions on the Eights of Women— from the travels of Speke and Grant to the adventures of some young hero seeking the cows by the sound of a bell in the backwoods. This vost variety reminds m« of tho retort of a Scotchman who was taunted by an Englishman on the impropiiety of call- ing a sheep's head a dish. "Dish or no dish — let me tell ye," said the eater, "that there is some fine coofooted feedin on't." Thank you, my countryman, for the expression. "Confoos- ed, fine confoosed feedin' " What would you say to a brief discussion on the traits and ultimate teachings of 'Punch ?' What is the moral of the little funny man with the wise looking dog ? Is there anything real- ly or radically wrong in wit and fun with its queer grimace? Is it one of the essential forces of human might? Is it meat or medi- cine? Is it mental alchohol, or narcotic" This track would lead ns into wandering mazes iu^t. This would be a lecture indeed I What- ever the oracle might utter, it is to be fervently hoped I lint tho destiny of the Anglo Saxon raco in for a higlier purpose than nmkinR wry faces at oftoli other. Wliot if tho fur reaching dogma, "likd niiikf-ilike," is found to be tiltitnutc truth. 'Punch,' vou must bo a gnnd boy, and try at times to inn'; liko other folk. Good-bye; ojul lautfh neither at tho good nor the fue. Tlii^ liunt ai'tur a subject reminds mo of Coelel)s' seiircii for a wife. What do you 8ay tr> tin inroad into thi> domaiii of argnraontalion ? 'I'lmt would b' unwise ind. od, t-i venture away upon Ihi' dnrk deep \vatern of reiison. What- t-ver Ii|,'ht W(i may l)et,'iu with, we shall at last kjrope in iiiidnih'lit dnikiiess. It is a funcy Kome peoide Imvn tiknu ivi) with— that reiison iind reawuinj} blinds the man nearer tho liftht. (Irent uiistiike! 'I'ho splendour of mid-day ii found in unreasoned truth ; every deduction weakens or refraels the ray. Why should not a itiaii Iind it possible to argue a'^ny all his no- tions or rcdsons, as well as a pamhler who has sliciit his last shilliiig? We shall len.o J. S. Mill with tho knotty questions of Womcns' Iti;l]ts, of Sensations, of Liberty, Ac. Till re is a field iu tho wide domain of modern literature tlmthas m,;idi green grass, and many a gaudy tinted ilower iu its ra)i:,'o to tempt a laiu'de. What sny yru to a talk tipon tho f.ieulty of story-teiliM;;, alia^ tho novel, alius luvenlinn? I lnive In aid (d" a u'ood simple- niindcil tiither who allowed llis daughter to slu'y the high art of cooking as part of her eiluctttion and iieeomplishnients. 'J'h(^ result wiis must sHtisfiu'lcry. Tliw old gentleman de- el ued that it was •'iccci spent siller." He must, have been a Seotilinmn. "For," said he, "our -li'ancaa noo miik a dinner ool o' nnething." Hnppv fiitlier! linpjiy daughter! but happifr far t!io voniig man tlmt wou'd get suvdi a treas- ure! Just ildnk i.f it young geiitleinon ! A y Miiig dasliirg wife able ti keep the house on •iiiii'ihiug.' If I were able to entertain you upon nothing, tlmt would bo sotiietliiug. Ah me! the dittiiniity of getting settled in mind; men choosing wivs, ivonien chnosing colors, lecturers elioosiiig subjects — difhcultics, grave diliieuhies. all tliese. 'I'lio melancholy fact fol- lows, as AUim Kaitisny has it: "Dorty bairns, they'll sem-t uuitlier's havins at tho last." That is loo still' for Juiglish cars— hear it then. •I'ett d children are gliul nt last to scrape peo- ]dis'pot; for a morsel of food." Weary wan- <l"rers at last look homeward — happy recoUec- lions of " Home, sweet homo ; there is no place like home.'' What do you sny to the home subject — Our Village! our Weehanics' In-tituto, and the in- fluence of secular knowledge in advancing spiritual trutli ? 1st. Oun ViixvoK. What assnciniions gath- er about the word home. Here is our home ; liere are onr hearths and .-vltars. It ia no lioiany Bay to us. Of o'lr own choice wo came iiere, in preference to 10,000 other localities in t ijis wide land, to live, and if it is the will of God, here to die. It is true that in this land of emigrations, many, verv many nivor take root and never find a home ; ever in search of that most d».drab'o hpot which is not to be found. They are to rest when and whore the pocket is filled— alas for them I Have we, then, anything amongst us of root-giving vitality? la there any soil for tho heart, the affections to pene- trate int'^ ? What are tliu ailvantage i and natural beauties of this place ? I recollect of being asked by a young hidy what I thought of Canada, after I iiad been some months in it. "Well," I said, "Miss, it reminds me as nmoh OS anythin'j'of a fat pancake." Hastily my fair querist begged mo to hogniial. "I am truly in that happy state of mind." I replied; "pan- cakes are i.uo things, simple things ; uo di(B- culties ill cutting and carving; no bones; all to be I'aten." That was my impression of Canada I'len — a land to be eaten ; good for meat. Kincardine, it strikes me, has all the aUvanlage. of tho pancake, but it has something more. Our broad lake bounds the Western sky. Whilst I nm not a poet to sing its praises — to nie Lake Huron is a thing of beauty, and it will be a soureo of joy to the peopU of our 'Vil- Inu'o to the end of time. Who that has seen, upon a summer's evening, can ever forget or remain unimpressed with tho beauty of the golden pathway from the bright setting sun over the deep blue waters ! As I continue to gaze towarris tho distant horizon, I findysar by year something new — still more delightful, and suggestive of all that is highest and best. So may our sun of life go down. Again what a majesty there is in tho wild sweep of thu western blast ! True, these fierce October and November gnles are a teiror to the struggling mariner— to the beholder fnmi Kin- cardine's heights, the surging wave is full of Heaven's music. As Uyron says of old ocean, "There is music in its roar.-' No huck- ster con ever peddle away these natural beau- ties. In this utilitariiui age, lot us reflect upon the advantage of health which our position gives us. It is uo vain boast, but a sober, well atteste ' fact, that a more healthy spot is not to bo found iu this great North Eastern Americo. No agues aud lingering fevers have here a birth-place or homo. Our beach has no fatal miasma lurking amongst stiignaut waters or in- termediate marsh. Tho time is at hand when hundreds of weary invalids will seek from us, during summer, health and strength; when the oppressed with business and study, will find along our shore, peace from the murmuring or rather rippling wave. No sultry, choking, damp heats paralyze. Daring is tho mosquito that can meet the requirements of life with us. These and other advantages we hiive as our heritage. No doubt our climate is in some sense severe, irregular and blustering. The liisci- fibre of life will fmd scant. nouriRbment with us. Providence has given to every place its drawback. Often I think of the contrasts of this country and South Africa — especially V f^?JfJ^.*^"'r "* '^n. n» "©w. th. •▼•ningi dipping down to how fr«t. n«! «!>7^ t«'«»P'«»»>l« 'tate for .man U bete m, to the kneas in mud I You know th. Tvmlll P«t ^'^S*"- What do ,ou think' omS" jdtiution ia to ma good. W. l^k tS vSl ■-f-.». Ooderioh. and the Sanseen It Sonthainpton, and happil, we laok the h'i.h Xl« T^^:*'""'^ ^"^^1 «"' aitoation M a awe °' ^'•"KjjH out afidr,jea.beautiAil rl iSSLi-^. , •''" ^•'"'«* """"ain nook* Md tbflafcl -fl' "• "^^ ■'""S »"' front, facing tte lake, we have a narrow belt of aand hutit ?frh«- .1. i: ^° oommon and barren waite S^«rlo^« X '''1°^'^ ^ ''""^ ^•^ i" noticing •" forth K;«^f,^''''^'''P'"*°" <'»P«'>'e of being put Ke LZ-^^i?"" ' ^f* "« '""» our thonglu Sti5,ato«^h°'n'"^'"«" for business and luumate growth. Our Kaatem shore nraoludea Md'SSZ'il f' "Pl^dour-Railwrys may ou? Wllies i i^'^r^I'- ''P'^^^^ «" these poMi. onT^fAif ''?:''?■"'*' right sample of men in «YZf « t Ti! 'n*^' ^^ "^^^ '° """iP'te in many cS; ?.'^L^".' ""'«'*''?'« '» '»>« Wester^ laSTK: etui fh "I' "'*,*"»* P*^ °f «" V'l- .25 k"- • "'^ '^"y of raw youth—merelr Lo^^^vP'm "'* °f Kincardine fifty yearn afrst:;;din^"''^h"°V°''« "f *^« present hoasT. i« fit rte;r**'™'J?''"'' school.honses. stores, &0., all rebuilt. When we hear, from time to ime, of the havoc made by fir^ ., ^g tLZ temporal^ wooden buildings, on, cTloTtll Btone or bnck. with other preyendves of fuoh Sth« dS*""'' " ^ ""^^'^ BothweU tSe Jn"^.^-?-** t^'O'thing dignified and beoomin« Lot t^nn^n^""/' '''''* ^^ J""* hundred" 5 work of S?.^"' y*"*' »°"«!i°» " not the worJt oftlugage or country. The renrflimnfi UTe man i. the clearer of & 4? is ZuK one generaUon u clear' away the forest Often JuredSjr"/ '''''' " «<> little Sste £ ?„»! 5^^^"^*"^°"* »' o" Canadian vil. teas widoraif™']' ** *"¥'•* *° »'«^«^ h»/ ^^ P"Hj>re the young can pliy and the aged rest. What a book to rS»d-&e mode o?^;^^'"'^^^.^^" to.honJ2^%r'e: i"d^V Wh!^?^°''"''"»°'>y •>" surround- nr^L J'V" ^" *^"" »' »o little originality or taste displayed among na f I hear 3- -" caHmmg poverty, Sir, poverty. NotaltoMthw friend. I«tI»M.Botle88ofiedgn(i£2arf th« bMndAU) in pamtle of cold raglona, thn ia thoat of warm f jUm won't aeoount for aU *^'- J!*.,'5^ •***• ^'^•» •«>»»• «h« oaoae of an int«ll<«an<! ..^.^_i. .11 1^ _ . . "" "* » uit;^nt pMpla aUowiw vlirmdT^ of thairdiiUnnr Think to b« th* pl^ymatM »> ia«u- •nuonn r TUnl »'• "WW's MTlieat aaKNdations having the in eTitoblaiigirtthedwrl With whatindLna Uon would «» Amb ur . Kafir apam thalSn. P«n». Aa • moralist, speoulating on thas* waJt points of onr paopla, 1 shonll .». g,Z is largely the oansa of oar lack of Mflnsd tasta! gwed 18 a great abaorbent of the beaatifU. 1 am not sore bat that a dat kening kind of Him uae, like fog on stones. As a physiologist, I bava my faars thtt grog and toba<;io takaiff the fine edge of sight and taste for tha haantifal. oi^S?"^"^/ •"?«** *° '""ng spittoons w?t wif /K^.w"^°i^ '"""»' deUcatiVlsion. oglieBt;whe4ermtha individual, tha hooaa the street or the town. And tha onaMioa presses Itself upon us: have we tha%iMiito make a handsome town f Bafare passing on to another topic, aUowme to pat another uaestion. Why have we not oompetitioa in naat villama a our National Agricaltoral Show, aa wSfaa othei trials of skill f We try the bafldinm on the fkrms ; why not be able to put tha finger on the map and 8*y: here is tha best built, tha cleanest, yea, the modal village in British North Amencaf Why may not Kincardine aim at this honor? It would pay. «"••'" ■• la one amongst us found so void Of beauty's worth, from utter greed, ■that by his pUuis and clumsy craft. Our streets are (.poilod for Ukck of art; 'If such there breathe, go mark him well." Kincardine has for him no wail ; His name and grave shall be forgot. No stone shall mark the dreary apotl and. Having spoken of tie outwanl. let as direct our attenUon to the man of our viUace— to ourselvea-in other language, to our iSsti. i!J>- /°^«*^°nghtflil,graatarotheis8ueaof 1- I A * .?*•« °' individuals, of vil- Jwes. and of naUons. Of old, tha crv was nis. • if*1..^2S°* ^^'' "^•tdiman, wltat of the The moraing oomeA, also the night, Inpi«Mh ing the flitnre fbr an answer, we may weQ say, tt,e hght cometh, also the ni«ht. There ia no doubt, a tremendons conflict is going on in onr midst, between good and evil. Knowledae m being increased. It is yet to be seen whSSi" fc'f/'^ "increase of sorrow, or of jo" Knowledga prodaees wants and anlaraes dedn. It is yet to fie seen whether the snpplr is equal t* the demand. WhaUver the ftiSi may W^ ^T "*^ *•"<«» 0' tha pastl It seem, a d«k ^^r^l^, I«tu8readabontourownbir loved Patherlands-tha educated. tlTwW Z gooa, ine loving and tha true. haV« been 'oomT P««tive^/awi.aaad. Take SeotlMd/witt lu ■choolsfcr eentoriei, what i^onM*; wM. ednws tnd vioo are foand in onr towni *nd oitiet I All tb« mosDi put forth to stem this torrent of iniquity have in many rcHpoctt como abort. With other meauH of education. Ma- chanic!)' IuHtitut«s nroHO. Wu had onnBidombls iliiUculty in K«t.tin^' hold of a nubject ; it would ho BuiDtorcuUnKtopiu 10 wriioupou: tho rite, progress luid benefit of Huch ineauH of instruc- tion 1 ..i: h I had it in my power to Iny befem yotl the rosult:. i)f ono or two of the most «uo. rosHful. I know a little of t)ie Institute in Kdinburidi, when it »tudent, souio thir y years ago. I knew somo striking examples of mental oultnre, in tho niidiit of doily, drudging toil. My lot has been far apart from (dty life. Like 'a voice orying in the wilderness,' my days have boon spent amidst 'hh rudo beginnings of tliintfu. Tlio sarao piincipio and power thkt led me to the wilds of Afrioit, led others to put forth tho hand und tonijut' to educate the ignor- ant ma8t!u<i in our oiiios. A/tur all that has been dono, poverty and haid euly work still hold muUitudon in thcLr grim grip. Vicn is over eastiug up to the Hurfaco thousands of neg- lectud youth. Tho race of life bocomes yearly »ore exciting. K 'ok and nook men huny on- ward ; tho piiiso is to tho strong and to the swift ; tho crj- comes up from behind ai d from bolow— Onward. To halt is peril ; to btand is death. Men must now have knowledge, or sink in in'otriiv. /ibltt ], overly* llyiifp tlift cry of knowledge ; knowledge is bread, it is life. "Woo to the ignorant ! It id no longer permitiod or satisfactory to pick oTt a fow sons of ganius and t)ducate thom, and let ihi dull laass itlone. The motto now is, "lay hold of the maf,3, let genius ohift for itself." Common stonu.s do well lor building comfort'ib'o houses ; many fair homes are founu, though not built of poUsh- iij. uiarblc. We work up our ra,?8. as v/ell as our broken pots; we hui-ry away city filth by unheard of months, to the hungry lield; thug saving our people fVom fever und pestilence, and our poor from hunger. If it is a thing of terror to allow city filt'i to gather, it is far more fHgibtful to allow ignorance and vice to stalh abroad. Political economists tromile to see on ignorant brute force ortiaturo, as much at they du a <:e88-pool. Selfishness of old said, " let them alone, they arf always accursed*" Now itcries, "Educate ;lo, I perish I by the night, the mental and moral tj-phoid arising fiom ignorant men. Eight thinkerfc are weary of living in the neighborhood ol brute force and savage forouity, weary of dull (tnnui and degrad- ing vice— weary of soulless gossip carried on so extensively during those precious hours between ■work and slnep. It is eitiier slay, or be slain, with these gaunt giants, no neutrality, no treaty of peace. Two questions presrat themselves, in reference to our Institute which we take the liberty of answering. Ist Are there any prospects of our Inititn- tion being permanent ? If such a hope is to be iadulged, uan any Uung be done by ns to ef- f««t greater good t In pressing an answer to ibe question of pennanence it will be oeedftal to lay before yon some general principles. Ist. What is permanent must have its seat deep in human nature. With what tenacity men bold ou to some tilings. The Athuuiaii desiro of now things has its limitation. Wu -Mt nwuy >uii ;h— old clothes, «k!. It is sold. Vk> «veu cost uway our very body every 7 years ; but fe tenaciously rotain th»i Kgo, tjol.our identity. Look at somo of the instau' )b of tU^ purmauoui. In tliis great wavt of emigmtion, many vory man." havo llung.ftWBy the comforts of life, and rushed to tlip bac^k woods to possess a frefidhoM, a piece of laud- -boliovnig that happines' must be obtained by a pominnent po»se.<siuri of latd. Tboy wore'bomo onwards liy a fervid iuiigination, until settlod in tho midst of prirntnal forests, bye tnd Ine they awake ns Irom afe^ensh dreBm— flndingmisery aad vantiii (1.3 faeo like a prim woiT. Gentle creat^uflt. ! '»Vhat could they do in hopping and burning? Thoirniftvoa uU, thoir arm.; guid whup nhank." .Vmidst the 9,id examplos of niiscrv multitnden <tiH cry out for liind— though tho/ Bvo iu nverv way unfitted for tilhng the ground. Take ogain, reli^iori. Oombinatinn for wor- ship wi" remain as lonrr as our ruc.> ex- ists -because it springs from tho deepest desires nnd necessities of man. Li o': ii|j;ftin at school houses. Childriiu must l)c bi ought together to' leai-n th oloraent.s of know'ndge. What are l^Tcchnni'.'s Institritcs but the cnrrving out of the pro.esH of edUiiftiiou amongst the working mass ? By the law of progresfi mnn diiily be- comes moro comxdo V and universal in his tastes and desires. The treat ■'vi.'-ld is cording nearer 10 Iiira every day. The flutlings of Rcienco con- tinually phsss upcn his attention stransfe thingft. His wonder is lar,?ely Tjd by f .cts— not ancient fiiblos. No man con conduct business without awidcrani'o of outside knowledge. Duly we liear of rxea missing their mark from this causf). They go on very well for a time— but they lack bottom ; in plain phrase, they possess not breadth of understanding. To supply this laci many young working men oro compelled to attoL d the village or city night college-.there to find needful knowledge. Poor fellow I What did the knowlodge of his school boy days amount too ♦ Beading, writing, calculation then only btgun-.-to become of use they must be carried on- "developed. Work he must dur- ing the day. Qolden precious hours are those between 7 and 10 for this young aspiring mind I This interdependence of knowledge is fully seen in the so called loomed profbssions. An ac- complished divine must intermeddle with all knowledge. So in like manner the jurist and tho doctor. What endless ramifications have the arts and sciences I So in like manner mechanics and artizans, farmers and plough- men ; yea you find this overlapping all the way through liiie. Is it not miserable to see u huge hulk of a fellow topple off asleep whenever a book is put^into his hand t His mass of raw brsia is ssfs as paip. Thought is a wearinegB ts him. Ten to one he will harden off at last.by hard drinking and vice. What a melancbt^jr V thought, that one half of Rcbolari nover g«t .iver tho drudgery of reading, novor unter upon ihe p oanuroii of knowlodgo t T»if>y know not tut) pleaBiin! of «ood liuok. and. What i« porraanont miiHt lie tultivated rti'tivoly. ThH Boul of inun (^n only be (tally Je- velopfld hy having tho intill.fct sliarpene** ^y u«»). SolocKtu lonK ago saw this tiuth, " Iron tharponoth iron; ho a man t-LurponwlU the 'Oiintennnto of his friend" Wo must be »uni«. thing more than mi-rn heiirerH if pnr'narittnt Kood and Jjfc are to <buracteri/.o us. Vll&t U the r<>aHoiML.it mere hi'arern of lectiin «, ser- nions and i.iayorn, &,•„ n.ako »o litUo progresa ? Amnssoi'dmreh goers aru little better than idle drenrni-rs. Insieii.l of Krowln^ in know- ledge, their intellectual pow. ra bocoma all shrunk and withered- -aye inullitudot, hear theroselvos into mental and us a coni-oquenco npintual death. You never could teanh Die child t.y IccturHH. Tho little ouf mustenei-gize, repeat, imitate.' The scholar all the way thr. ugh his <our»e. must au-^wor questions, >mraitt<i mem- "7,' , *' "<"""i^t know true academic U.'^o un- til JmliPf many questionH to ask. Further on be adds sii'iikini; and writing, and bwonies Mmsf If nn instructor. It is an idsayinL'tho U-Ht way TO teach yourself ii to teach othorH. >\ithout tbc-.uactivo stimulants tho luiud will wander, drnn i and finally sleep. True edvauce in enduuati<,n is putting forth the active. N» uiancmleiu-nutiudo or art by merely looking on. In fiict the doom ©"heaven is written against all lookers on. There ia no iiroviaion made for them l.ii.; aeatb, phys'-cal, mental and spirit- ual. J Ins M tho weak point of many men and Institutes in thcHo days— they think they Lave tlie i>riv 1. (je of lookingou. The passive iiaunts nie iiko R hideous nightmare-like a huge mis- Bhnp«i hobgoiilin anread .ut over ucves of land catchm.j lu its dcwJly arms tho unwary traveller. Lai'in. hs IS tim popular term for this due ene- iir. I.ctus.soi.cwit, pas? it by—yea flee from U --ttru-i,'! ■ ;tnd fight it.-you, piuy againstit. Allow in. to nay ibal roidiug itself becomes in Its turn p.uHivo. I.iko many things else, in the w.*4d i.'Hdingrtil! never niako a man. Read- 11.7, bcHri'.y, tftking ir, (ire means to an end, tliai u, ro • .V, . ;i. Vcholnrs speak of hel- lumirj hihrr.nm. -lutlou-. f b ,„kH. The miser, pen- .can I loek. .1 uiioi ;.k om of the most i.iis.:mhl,. or li.en... wrapped uo Jn s-Illshnoss Mii'i t. ar, lui di,.s sun-onudcil oy ,ii:! ba^s of gold. TlicimHcc .1 kijowlcJh't is ii f,u' worse man to hislenow^.-UiWe shall sou ill tile third nljserva. iiou. ;inl. W'btil is permanent in'ist bo uiisolfi'h, or in other terras we must -i^i out knowledge, il Iivcrctoliiiisli ott' v.ith 11 sevinon, my f'Xt would be, •• No man liveib to himself." know- ledge must circulate- -must be free. It is mine ■ -11 is yours— it is Heaven's ciiiTenl coin to inan. _ Its image «ud superscription is not t.easor s — but tlim. nf Censer's (ind. ".Vnr. h.-^side US, if we Dy to hoard, to hide knowledge from our fellows. To use another illustration, knowledge must flow like water. When that eBgenUol in- gredient of lifo masea Ui flow, it atarnates— be- comoa miuHiun— death. What, aays one, ara a man's thonght<i not his own? Can ho not bury them in his own liosom / They will become liko the old story of the man with tho stolen fox in Ilia boson™. They will gnaw tipoii tha vitalaof tho hider. Tho v/nys of circulation or giving out are various. A man invents mvme new instrument or plan of action--ho makes. He hIbo writes i account of tho i«iim«. Others fol« low suit. Tiieygive out. This is the reason why in our day, inotlianical and agricultural mind is HO healthy. They havo noHfcreta. The law of patent is simply a toll gate upon the Queen's high way. A means to keep the road ia repair and further improve it. Tho inventors <rf tho ago are full of matter— lik-j l-lilui of old tney must give out. Oo to the i"'ly farmer whose head ia teeming with new ideas and im- firovenionti. No dumb dog is he. What de- ight >«i has in showing liis friend i' i/verhis grounds, drsins, leiccs, manures, crops, herds of cattle,. &.C., are all subjects of ileep interest to him. You will f,ay, tho moving Spring qf all this ia selfishncsh. Not necessarily so. His interest be can see as a consequent of public benefit— not the cause. How strikingly is ril this health of mind exhibited in our agricultural shows, &(^, when wo (.omo to contrast classes that would hide knowledge from their fellows I Strildng are the lessons from those who pre- vented tho Bible from being read by the people. Let us look at your position as ^ society. One of the causes of your formation was to learn to speal, Wit\]\ groa' is the gift of public speak- ing, and it oil gh' to 1)0 moft carefully cultivated. Ijetthe young .nan of fluent bvecch cultivate eloquence in all its porsuQsiva forms. Lot the logician c" .. lists of d di debate—let him feel the wurrior's stemjoy iii meeting a t'oeman worthy of his steel. Gifts .ue various. Many can neither plead nor reason. Look at many of my countrymen. SoTueofthemneitlierfoola nor surly, dirty dogs— who snarl even at i he question of. How is the way ? Saunders' utrtngtli lies in question and brief answer. Nonn of your long- winded srories for him ; come to tho point at once, out with it, no humming and hawing. Ask him a question or two-^his answer is like apol- iceman's batton, short, stout, decisive. Have you any questions to put yourself Saunders ? asks tho bystander. Deed have a', says the anld farand dooco man— a' wad like to speer a qtiestion. Look out neighbor with the fluent tongne ! Some hard posers ore coming. Some people try to get up a joke on the man of qnestions and answer. They may laugh that win. It ia tho grand old Socratic mode of teaching, of acquiring knowledge. Oo on old fellow, catechism and altogether. Give out, not grudgingly but with full pressed down measore. One of the grandest forms of giving out is to be found in conversation. Have you read Wilson's Noetcs * I hcvc to confess only to a tssu: of the book. What life, when men are warmed up in conversation 1 Think of the d«»w of soul when wit flashes, and sense peoetrates-inll the fjicuU tieaof the soul awake. This is peonliarly Ufa at b*me>Jif« in the man's den. I detain yen on thia point. Why shonld I aotlinger * I feel the importjuioeofthe question raised. If onr In- stitate is based upon intellectual selfishneeaire cannot be permanent Ere I pass on let me i«> fer again to the miser. When ha dies, all his J;old is brought forth—not a penny lofu-thcngh ate, all is put into cironlation again. Not so with the man that keeps all his knowledge to himself. All goes down to the grave. True, he leaves his library. A small gift to posterity. The monument of a fool. 4th. I would notice again: for permanent life there mast be a snffloient amount of vitalilgr or uomeatum to propel onwards. life is mo- tion.»dee'.h is inert. What I want to express on tnis head is that activity must rise to a cer- tain hdght like the thermometer— say blood heat. This is what is oalled the enthusiasm of humanity. Metals only fbse at a certain heat. Iron only welds at white heat. Some such an« alofiy is found in the soul. It has its welding white heat— as all you married folks well re* member. It was a white heat that day when yon joined hands. All true lovers of knowledge must have the white heatot intellectnal passion. A celebrated writer sairs well of virtue, " It must be passionate." I am well aware of the wide appUeation of the word etahmHcum in a bad sense. It is quite possible for a stupid apprentice to be blowing the fire when the iron is burning. Passion withcut reason is madness. It is a bad sign of the thneo when high breeding has ever to show cold impassive moderation. When the great man hears— he is to look as if he knew all about it— «B if nothing particular was being narrated. Troa a man eannot always be jumping about like an in»iatient child — but I have no patience with that Kckless soul that is not waitiiw at his 6wn boundary of knowledge for someth&g new —who receives it with aest, and eats it hungri- It may be asked—' How are we to know the right gnagaof enthusiasm t Simply by reiilizing knowledge as a necessity. When a man is truly aware that he cannot do without knewl- edgab he has the passion we speak of. Is not this so with all those miseraUe appetites that can7 away men r The drunkard eannot do without his grog. Gamblers must play. All the way through the ranks of sic what en- thusiasm men display I Picl^ocketa have a perfiBct delight in their high profitssion of skill. Truth, or true knowledge is a fair lady— coy, and modest. He that gains her hand must presa his suit or he will misenUy lUL It is good to be sealonsly affected in a good thing. The fire of the wise man's tool has its plaoa to heal up the whole house. It is the purt of a madman to fire his hoose in order to warm himself: Miserable lo|st one I He did not in* tend it I yat all is leat-bnnt to death. Are theao terriUe azamnleB minff to mA^ man nnt oat their flxw Immfldiatelyr By no meus. It ia • oold night-^ot mi another moral log- fill th«stov»-thati»— the heart Let it talk« let Are— and wind— and eold make music- Pipes and ohimn«y are all good and clean. Hc»py man. who realises life as gain— all gain — tuDe not lost ftth. Thelastobaervationlhavetomakeontbe kw of permanence is— JSratkn^Aood. Human nature is ever running into brotiberhoods for good or evil. Little can bo done by man alone. — Hence the necessity of Union. It may be difflenit to get us welded into a homogeneona mass— seeing we are in a measure all strangers to each other, trained in different modes of thought aa weU aalife, we lack the anteeedenta of fneh mental friendship. Like our Volun- teers we can be drilled— keep step— march- wheel— ioim— charge— fire. Fhilosephio tiea have great eksticity. What shall we say if the strongest ia Kincardine arc found amongst the tipplers, gamblers t Do they not spend more m<WOT upon each other t Query— Do they beat the church broiheriiood 7 Tat, tut I What is a dollar to two maudlin cronies f Piety haa no chanoa withita coppers. 3nd. The second question I proposed to ask'was —can anything be done by us to effect greater good t I do not intend to assume the position a fault finder. In your case I am no destmc. tive. What ynu have done — ^let it stand on its own good foundation. Go on your way— build- ing stone after stone— adding wing after wing, until a goodly oompoiite of old and new may arrsst the eye of the passing stranger. Let us be impressed with the gravitvof onr sitnatien as the fathers and founders of a Literary Institute. To have a good end you must have a good be- ginning. Simall Matters have much influence in starting fipon life. We may have hinder- ences in the way of attaining te city greatness —but we have nothing in the way of reaching imperial mind. If we are personally small, un- noticed and unknown in the world of letters, who can tell the Aiture, and the influences we may put in motion f Whatever field for ulti- mata devolopement, great men may find in our e^^tals- villagesand out of the way places are favourite spots for the origin of genius. As streams have their source in Uie distant mountainB— 80 these great centres of thought have been gathered firom dark unknown distant villages, hamlets and huts, as well as firom halls and palaces. It was a glorious thought that dwelt in the mind of the Jewish mower, the possibility of giving to the world the Messiah. Is there ^o possibuityof the man of the age — •ye, or country being bom and educated here T High hopes, hew inspiring I Possibilities, how real I That man is to be somewhere. Is he not worth expecting t ■ Our motto being. — What ia possible fbr man to do— we shall aim ■t LongCallow says well : On the world's broad field of battle. On the bivouac of life. Be not like dumb driven cattle. Be a hero in the atrifa. The ago of ^lyaieal prowess has past Not yatnental and moral. I well recollect when a « vea fellow building castles in the air, of reading Blind Harry's Wallace. The effect was, that Scotchmen were far stroiiger man than the English. There was a passage that eclipsed all the rest. Wallace and his army were besieging one of the English towns— Durham or York, (micd you it is more than forty years since I saw the book,) Wallace had ordered his men to drive in the gate. They failed. He ordered them to stand back. On the Hero went like a mighty battering ram, drove the gate before him, with three ells of the wall. Was not that great, grand f What nation like my own ? said the boy. It was a big story of course. It was meat suited for the hairbrained boy. Popular ignor- ance has to be stormed, its heavy gates driven in, its mud walls levelled. I would tender the following advices. First, let a large proportion of your subjects of debate be practicla, definite, capable of an aye or a no. I am well aware you must always keep on. hand a few old gates and walls for Mr. Hardb-'- i to run against. If you do not, Don Quixo :e, he will try his strength some other wuere. Mind you, I speak not of your past as if you had erred. I believe its in human nature, to show good and valid reasons why the moon is not made of cheeae. It may be said that the local, the definite, the real would engender strife. Strife ! out upon it. Are we yet to take a vote on the question. Is wrath reason ? Why to be sure if we still believe in brute force we must pout, sulk, scold, declaim, denounce, rave and rattle, and then wind up with coats off, and settle matters with fisticuff*. Proof, fact, demonstration give edge to the mind. Let the locomotive be suited to the road. 2nd. I have the impression that some meeting • ought to be held in the free and easy conver- sational style— chairman of course— no stand- ing—mingling the Socratio form, of putting a question on the back of an assertion. This talent is required in this land of law and pro- cess. One argument in behalf of this is the love of brevity in this pur day and generation. The mass of men are fearfully one sided. I must say I should like to see this draw badger game, by posing a fellow given to asser- tions with a few questions. Bare talent I to question closely. 3rd. You are aware there was a frightful con- troversy among the philosophers of a past age. The colours were : Realist and Formulist. I desire to touch on form— it, even it, is a reality. Mode ol speech enters largely into the influ- ence of man in conveying knowledge. Mode of speech is a cash article. One can hardly do business with a man that neither pronounces words rightly nor cares a straw for manner. Some of you may remember the story of Cole- ridge, if I mistake not. He saw a man in the tavern whose appearance pleased him very much. He was sure there was mind in tha man. At last they were seated at the pablio dinner table. Coleridge watobed his mam fiofMthine beiqgoffered to e»t, th* man utter. ed, 'Them s the jockeys for me.' It was enough. He had a big, empty house to let. Wonder and interest were turned into contempt. •We have apparently failed in public readings. Why not vary your Friday nights with a read- ing of five minutes from three or four members —men being appointed to correct errors of pronunciation, &c., &c. None of us can bo so thin in the skin as not to ttand this gentle pro. cess c. training. Fine field for improvement amongst us. We may be able by this ipeans of progress to bring to the village thousands of dollars. Bude speech is fit to give some people a head- ache. This is neither a joke nor a fancy but a well known fact. Friendship is often formed by reason of speech. Many a Scotchman has often groBined by reason of his Doric hindering him in life. Scotch is Scotch. English is English. Speak in London as the Londoners do. 4th. Whilst we are doing our very best to get a library I would suggest that we begin and press into existence a cabinet of all the scientific facts or specimens in our neighbourhood or county. Let BS all choose our hobby. I shouldjlike to see before me a specimen of every kind of wood (of native grouth). This might be put to- gether very neatly by some of eur mechanics. Again, plants, roots, flowers, &c., &c. Again, earths or soils. Think of a skilled oyo coming here and finding the clay for Bath Brick I What a fact if it should take the prize at Paris this year! Again rocks, stones, shells, &o. Agaia our birds and beasts. This would be some- thing to show our visitors from afar. You are awarq that men of the highest culture recom- mend as a necessary branch of education, some science that requires the habit of observation. The eye takes in just as much as there is soul behind it. Boron Humboldt Said of an Amori- can|that he had travelled more and seen less than any man he knew. 5th. Lot us as one grand part of our work, make our Institute a school,— a houf— a den for the young and thoughtless. We must have something ,to compete with th-i Bar-room and Billiard table.' Waiving drunkenness altogether, these places cannot makemen. 1 was glad to see that by the energies of a few in London, C.W. a reading-room has been there es- tablished. Tell me of a town that has no read- ing room, and I will pronounce the anathema of of ignorance upon it. As King Charles II said of Prince George of Denmark, that he had .tried him drunk and tried him sober, but he had found nothing in him. Is it a vision of the night or of coming day that I see a comfortable room open for all comers from 6 to 10 every night for reading, yea. or gossiping if you will, in this our village t 6th. And to tuck it up in a word, as the old divine did whnn at. tha Bava»f<o»k t...J .f Vi_ discourse, it has at times straok me that intel- leotoal societies foil in not having robM of of* floe, and titles of honour, Garlyle !■ right— dothM rnla the world. They are the bannerof !^R ^ British Empre of its robes of office *Jetjr. Take away the sash and that biir \n»tnf • feUow would not give a cent for all ^that re nains Look at the Tee-totalers-w se i^ the^r day and generation. Yea, look everywreil-but of office-grand worthy Patriarch-grand mas ter and other high flying titles. LefS^e oX SStTnTst'aiV'h ^""'"■'^^ Societies to turn ^whew ^hi^^*"*?-,?*" '"'''^^ *>« found heSois OnrS"^'"'^" *»"^d be apt to iiee-nee us. Our fair ones would hane down the head. It s true that there is an^!chro7 ism- ft screw loose, in puttinsr sashas an^ hVuc No S. ?h *"''/^'^/""' I««'i''. "^d Jacob.- day of gnef and humiliation. Never mhid «^»^i, T^^** "■ ^'^n o"t soma fine dfy S Act ^r*^'' ""J' '^«''<^' '"^d demonstSato tue fact of our existence to aU cjassps Tt TrnMemT t ^ ""^ ""^ ^"^^ Sh ^s-a hT"?e d;?r' ""^°°« "^ ""•• ^«* -i^^t iTorrtts""^'*^^^"^^^^^^^^ jn^tho strain of our accomplished country AW T^^^i"'' yonr tardy coming days of gold Wlf5« ^ P"Pl>etic minstrelsy foretold,^ ' Whereyou bnghtpuiple stret Ls theorient skies- Bise. Science. Freedom. Peace. Eeligion rise." ' 8ciIntifl?i™t^i!l*"'°P'°P°''*"* ^ discuss was SStiL^f «t """^S; •P^^'«'J truth The qoaSrt as well L T''^''^ "•"'"^ fr«»" °ther wioked iZhi - 1- *^!*™ ^'^^ ignorant and the «k« 5-" r • ® "lupous world there are men who do pot give secular truth its due TWa ?!•-* Priaiftry orter;-l7'thr^1 work^^p-f •ays oi^ize, then S'st2m°z« ''^•f .Tv*"" with the former. Th^ fliS?^'"^ S*°°°* "«^ rtrnradSSs 'trsVS.^^^r„^ iL^fh^''^^^°rd• This is the beginSg"? the white man's influence. All wish a km Bv this step you make the African dependf^rupj^ l°\ I could go therefore with the Bible in thl "I'nV'^"^"^ the other; and giie inen the Bible to these warlike people. I bv no means say as the late lamented Tv nKston SiTl'*f°'''^P *"• This step kads to God othe BibTV^?"' y^ '^' "«««i°8 ot tf.« Vhif f ^®- ?t. alas, is the last thing of the white man perceived to be of value. ««v.?'^?' t'^^^.was a swamp of about 1000 ana dry It. The old wise men took up the -w;'T.?''"?°'«^"«- I »easoned...told the. what had been done. All was of no avail. IW men can reason-they rather believe. It wasi ?he1hia'f 'ff • • ""M:^ "^ ""<»« t-^J^" »"«*«" Afle chief, believing that I was neither a fool wouldS;*"'? "!,*° /««head"an3Tathi wouiafoUow. I ordered my wetmon-driver » noble little fellow, to take the Xugh to She Z^rf'- .^ 8°' *° *^« spades we ?oSd muster far and near. It was early spring Tha ground was bare-as tie rank reed™d Jm had been burnt. With ten good oxen wd a powerftil plough, with share as sharp ^s affife we drew a furrow along the edge, for hK mile-sweltered through two fowteS fothe luj-returnedwitha back fiirroW^^e 3" SSSJT'^ ^i! i"^°i" '«* '«»'* throw aside' tte toflgh matted sdd. We gave them other t?o furrows. Then commenced the digfris" -^4v 3 leet deep A strong stream of wStir ^0^- ed. After this, a year passed. By this tftne fell";". "'S^™^- i^t this case suffice. Poor 11 was one noint nf im.i, i„.i "f..^"^"' many Then was one «^;;nf?'' i*' ^«S«r''emain. poserl Wa sh!li^.? °^ book-lore that was a exce. Butthpri\^°""'^°^.''8'^'« work they chieflives^owhnn, *i,^ missionary where the chief cZe^JZieLTortf'^ ■T'^*' . ^"«' He dictates youTS^ZaVZ," 'Th^' gives^Vi^fetttThe c'hS ' Z^ ^^.r"-'" ^e the n.issonary.nS'' read' Th^ t^ey go to Christianity rTLt-f^r „t ^' '^" *" '="°^'^'' w^sr;s ^ir/5--s..t prrrrsrwijr^.'^sT/^ ^^ tt^tr^aJo-sr^-'^ --.w:.ttrr 4tli. Kindness commands man and baut n.™. or talic .0 a hm,^. starving maf F^L>ZS -then say, poor fellowl Want of attentions iTi?? «T2«- -ir -altitudes Of clC"''rkrn. u" <Wfte<l away from Uie ChuroJi-the Blblei you. and. all my aasocttC TSn^^ '^"^ ^ two years, arc very pleasant I haT hTrt '^"*"«."«' "« oonfoosed feedin- " fl^e mii' u is a" lu "^ orrzrfr trei-.^-^-rc-r colds? They rather L, ' """"' """ ^anadl^. tic., on poircSo^orr iiTr""-'- t^Mhe:;:" d^hSs-sr -"r^^- the reminesences of the IZ 1^ '" *"'' ""> »'••- becomes a sacred cente if '^'''°' whereyouslt and the lo IlZas j^' ^°" «'=' ^*^'«' '^"» ">« I"" amongusliLr ■ T ''''*™*"* «pWtJ sang while the sambas toI^Z? ellh "^.r^^ ^"^ ^'"°^^ away amongst the'revoLltX«S!r r^*^* heroes that fought and bled for us^ rt^ ?f *' "^ mopoUtan life tIi« ln«i . ^^ "^ *1»* «»»- "The man that aghte and rmis away, May Uve te flght some other day • But he that fights and there U slain. Shall never Uve to fight again." Will the following clinkfor a litUe smaU change t Ho that writes with little pain. May tiy for you a theme agam • But he that writes against the ^n, Wm never try to write again estprayer. Let rm'^^^i?^:,'^-^-""^— Li ves of great men all remind as We can make our lives sublime And departing, leave behind us ' I^t-prlnts on the svids of time ; Foot-prints, that perhaps another. Sailing o'er life's solemn main, A forlorn and shipwrecked brother, ««eing, shall take heart again Let us, then, be up and doing, With a heart for any ftte; StiU adilevlnir. •>iii .- ._' Learn to labour ud to wait.