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Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont fiirri27, thoinih it lia> mole cdasi names, licsidcs Sandy Hook and ••;;ollo " is tlio indication of ■• I', de aiicifes," ihoM!.di it is placi'd i- islward of what seems to havu heen intended foi' onr Cape Cod. These two maps represent tho voyage of (iouiez, ahout which litth; is known. It was evidently a partial survey, whitJi acconnt."' for the failur if the ma|)s. On tint other hand. Verra/.ano examiueil the coast from iiu; Caroliuas tfi New Fuiindland, and his map is more definite. On this map, besides the " sirtis " luid " hiissa," indieatiin,' ( apu Cod, we liiid the Hay of Fniidy, while tin; Cape of Sandy Hook is also ,tell defined, the name beiiii; " Laimietto."t These three points were never hist sicht of. The names were fi'ei|uently chanjjed, Sandy Hook often beinj,' called tlit; Cajie of .St. Mary or St. tFohii. To Verrazano belonjis tlu! ciedit of jiiviiii; these points their first definition, while his delineation of Sandy Hook exercised a CDiitrolling influence over French map makers for nearly a huiidied years. Pa.ssinj; by such maps as that of Hamiisio, l,');!!, and the rropa<,'and:i map of tli(^ same period. t let iis iiroceed to the map of Alonz(j Chaves, as deseribetl by Oviedo in l.").'!?, who sets Hiliero aside until at\er passin;^ northward of Cape lireton, a reijion evidently not included by Chaves.!; Drawiiii; n|ioii the map of Chaves. OvieiUi shows much knowh'di;e of the three points under notice. The latitudes art! incorrect, but tiiis is the case with maps |ii },'eneral at that [leriod. The Cape of the Arenas is put too far south. The latitude of the Hudson, however, is nearly right, beiny in 41° N., and the situation is described perfectly. Thei/ce, Oviedo says, the coast stretches iiorth-easleiiy to Cape " Arrt>cifes ;" while at a point far- ther on is the Hay of Kimdy, calh'il " IJahia ih; hi Knseiiada." The dis- tances, like the latitudes, are inaccurate, but the main features of tlu; coast are well described. The Hudson (Uio .S. Antonio) is depictetl as running north and south, while eastward, beyond Arrecifes, there is an "arcliipela- go."|| This description alone would be sulUcient to establish the identity of Ca|)e C()<1, called "Arrecifes," or the " Ueef Cajie." This latter word, it should be observed, is Arabic, aiid is related to the Knglisli " reef;" but, as th(! Castilian toiigiK! improved, the word fell out of use, and the jiiiru Spanish wold "liaxos" generally took its place, though on some charts the old "arrecifes" was retained. The failiiie to understand this lias led to much confusion, some supposing that the two names referred to separate cajies. Let us next glance rapidly through some of the maps of this period, tak- * A loiirlli poiiii nii^'lit lie iii( linlcil, ns Cii|i(' liivton stnmls on the rii!i|H jiropiM-ly ref'.itcd to wliiit n'lnoM'iUril tln' Day of l^'iiinly. This, hcuvcvcr, will lie lulitli I'ur giiiiitcil. t PdSsihlv tills iianu' was iiiiss|iclieil liy tljo (li,iiii.'lit>niaii. t iMiiiii.riii '• Viinizaiii) the lOxplincr;" p. /i;), liainis & Co., l.SSO. \\ Jhid. I] lli^Kiria fioiurai y Naliiial ile las liidius," &l\ Touio I. (sfyumla parte ) lu UG, cd, 18/.', ami Hist. Ma^'iiziiie, ISGG, p. 372. iiii; fipH, tlio R()-cii11ci1 " ("ultot Mii|) " (if 1.'I2. Tliis map sliows Sandy !!ciI2, in [)ossessioii of the writer, shows Sandy Hook, and a point of land aii^weriiif,' to Cape Cod, east of which is a liay correspoiidinjr to .Massaclmsells Hay. An a'" ieut •Spanisii mapii of the same period shows ■• c: di^ s: joan," '• K. de las farelones " (1 s oiKt ot those worid-wioe t<.'liiis s siifinfv- iiij; oiitlyiii}^ rocks and slutals. while " uncones " stands for " fondo," indi- catiii;i a dc ■, liay. Tiio fact thut in this case "farelones" is connected with a river forms no ohjeclion. 'J'he Hay of Kniidy is often called a rivor, and is sonietimcR indicated i)y <'iijw " fiindo." The characteristic thinj; on these old conventional maps is the main term, as the? map maker was often coid'iised in its .application, and readily chani;e(l the 'V/yjc of Faraloiies into "river" or "hay." In ir)t2 Mercator pnhlished the plans of a yioiif, and on the Atlantic coast of Norlh .\nierica he u'ave '• C. .S. johan " for Samly Hook, and " Caho d. .Malaltrij;o " ( i!ad shelter) for Cape Cod. Ktinoy is not shown, hut a hay perhaps intended ?tv Long Island Sound is called " liaiii lioiido," a name elsewliere not applieil to that coast. I'rohahly this was carelessness on the part of the engraver, who should liav(! placed " liondo " east of " inalal)ri<,'o," ;i corruption of iJaxos. if not intendeonie of those plaees where we purposed to sail." Hivers Voyaifes, p. 111. On the Veriazaiai map Cape Cod is proinineiitlv inilieateil hy the shoals, hiit afterwards, down to the seventeeiitli century, it is known hy the names plaied on the eoast. t .See the map In Joiiiard's " Monuments de hi Geographic." t Ibid. v^ Carta de Indies, Madrid, 1S79. II llisloria (Jeneral de las Indias y niievo niundo, p. !•, Tome ii., ed. I'm.;, udlteil hy liar- eia. Hist. Maga/.tiii.', ISOB, p. 3(18. il and we therefore repeat that the three jMiiits on the coast are iiivarialily placed near tlieir proper kjcalities, and are ])roportioiiately distant from one anotlier. As hiteas the seventeentli century, tlie distance lietween Alexan- dria and Marseilles was overstated hy five linndrt'd miles. ^v \t notice the map of Mercator, laCiO. wliich, so far as it concerns the geography of the coast northward from Sandy Hook, was more or less a failure. This map .shows the three features upon which W(! an; dwelling, hut a part of the work is in duplicate. Kls(!wher(! the writer has shown liow this hap])eiieil, resulting iu a douhle representation of tin; Island called by Verrazano " Luisa." This island Jlercator calls " Claudia," and again " Briso,"* not knowing that " IJriso " was a corruption of " Luisa," and tliat the two names referred to the same thing. "V. de Lexus " stands for " IJaxos," the "Lexus" heiug a corruption of " Haxos." " ('. de Lexus," liowev(>r. is properlj- connected with Claudia (Luisa), the modern Hloek Island, oil' Newport. The position of " Lexus" in its I'elation to the Hay of Fimdy (O. de his CiukIck) and Sandy Hook (('. de arenas) show.s that such a ]ilace as Cape Coil was well known. Hesides, he puts his Cape de Lexus ill the right latitude, that is near 41° N. His mistake consisted in putting Claudia and Lexus too far east, and in putting the I'enohscot west of these points. The latitude of ( iaudia was lixed from the data in the letter of Verra/ano. which, however did not give tin' longitude. Neverthe- less, on the map of ^Icreator, as on the map of Verrazano, and as stated in the letter of Verrazano, Claudia was represcnti.'d ap])roaclial»le from the west liy water. When, therefore, INIercator's map is corrected, as respects Norumhega or tlie Penohscot, it is found to show a suhstaiitial resemhlance to Verrazano. The Ortelius of loTO-IoTS, \>ui> and L")?!), copies the errors of Mercator too closely, hut it is not necessary to dwell upon the work in detail, as it sullices to obicrve that the delineations of Ortelius maintain the identity of IJaxos. Ortelius, like Mercator, jiuts Lexus and Claudia in tlie right latitude, and the l>ay of Fundy (IJ. de los Condes) in the i)ro]ier jilace, though " C. de Arenas " is too far south. He also du- plicates Cape Cod. J)r. Dee's ini|)ul)lishe(l m.a]) of 1.580. now in the Hritish Museum, does not follow IMercator in his outline of the New England coast, but copies his error ill imttiiig "arrecifes" (Ca|)e Cod) east of the Norumbega, though showing Sandy Hook and the liay of Kundy in their ])ro[)er places. Jjok's map of 15.S2 shows Sandy Hook as " Caienas," but puts Claudia east of what was intended for Norumbega, tlius reflecting the mistake of Mercator. In I.OH;) Hakliiyt's friend, Stephen JJellinger, of Rouen, sailed to Cape Breton, and then-iirin^, iherefore, al this st.ii.'c' of iIk^ axos. wnieli IS ini t south-west of the I'enohseot. in it s pro]ier ])laee ; thouich that i;('Of;rapher is followed in his error wl'.ieh maile the Gulf of Maine eonnnenee at Sandv Hi stead of Ca|)e Cod. Jiinsehoten. in l.")yH, is foimd uivinj,' an accurate description of the main divisions of the coast under consideratimi. thouj;h In; does not appear to have attracted notic H. iaxos oni hnndi' makes the distance fr il om red .and sixtv miles, and tiajnci! to the Hio Fundo to C; Hnd son one liuiu pe Ired miles.!? Linschoten's work was jaihlislied in Dutch and Kniilish, and was found in every naviLrator's hand. With Linschoten hefore him, Ilnilson, in Hiil'.l, could lay no claim to tht^ discovery of the river wliich hears his name. The next maj) that claims attention is that ])rojecteltO, di ]ilaeed near 1 1*' N. Claudia. New Ei iliile the I'enohseot, as the " \l. (iraial." lies east of nd is reduced to an island hy a narrow strait running w * Miis«. ("oil., .■? s. viii. Si). Tlio vii('ted in the published French maps of Kidl) and Kil."!. All siu;h writers as jMourt (Morton), Smith, Bradford, IJosier and Josselyn, nse the word "discover" in the sense of to explore or survey. Hubbard kept up the usage, and its • Allofonsce was of tlic opinion tliat tlio Penoliscot ran to tlip St. I.a\v:'pnoo. See, iilso, Lnk's map in " Vorrnzinio tlic l''.xpl ilirs fualnie ()rM()lyiieiix',< map wlicre lie siiys tliat "New Enfrland is uo Island." " Advertisements," p. '20. gone that .luo lislu II gull on HaJ 9 ponnr.al sigiiificntion was always understood. Jiiet simply meant to say, that tliis wiis tlio licadLuul wliicli (iosnoid (.'xaniinod. If he Iiad said more, tluet would have proved that he was badly iid'ornicd coneernin^' the pub lishcd maps and relations. In this coiineeiii/n tiie elaims of the Dutch have never been attended to sullicicntly. Let us hear, therefore, tlio re|)ort of the IJoard of Accounts on New Xetherlands, datt^l iJec. !.'>, 1014, taken from the arcliives at tho li;n;ue. It is said : " New Netherland, situate in America between Englisli Virj^inia and New Kuiihind, extendinjf from the South river, lying in iJ IJ degrees, to CajK! Malabar, in tiie latitude of 41 J degrees, was tirst fre(|uente(M| to lie ti h; watci' takiMi lor al'i;!; soiiiiil ami tJK II! iKiiralivi! savs, that fiiidiiiii " tliei'e wuio but tliroc I'atlii a Icaiino oil', wo oiiiittod to lu; litii I'lirtlter (li.seoveiT of tiio .same, ualliiig it Slioal-lIo|)L'."t lint wiiv iliil tlicv applv tlio iiaiiu! o III Kii-st, wjiv did 'J'i ic answer is at liaud III til aiiiiiiaw ot they use tiio word " llnpi' tliat |)ciiod, tin; term '• lli tills was addc'd another and a i;eoi;i'a|)liii'al nieaninu', lieiiiji ei|iiivaleiit to an indeed had its inodern si^iiilicalinii, Imt to opeiiiiij,' in til ills 'I'lie term, as used in the narrative, had a donlile sii; iiilication, Gosnold was on llu; lookout for a passage throii^ili tin; land to tlio liidios. As late as Klliil tlio land scparaliiiij tlio Atlantie rnnii tlio Paeitic was supposed to In; only ahout two linndred and lifly iiiih^t wide, leii Gosnold saw the open water, lie tlioui,dit lie had what, in inodern III tin; tracts appended t(. "SVl ])arlaiiee, is soiiietiines ealleil •• a fair sliov the narrative of Ciosnold'.s voyaj,'e, ainoiit,' tin; reasons ur^ed in iavor of iidnct, us to tin.' lio|ies exploration was, that some voyai,'e would yet that men do icicedily thirst after,"' and to a '• way to Ik; made part land and part hy rivers and lakes into tin; Sdiith .Sea unto Catli.iy. (' iiiii 1 those passiiiir rieh eoniitries lyiiii; in the east parts of the world. Ilakluvt, il. settiiii' forlli " Inducements'" tor the vov: and 12 a ^reat dof^rees of latituile," appended to lireretoii. mentions as his fifth possiliility of further ili>covei'ies of other reirions from the north part of the sanKi land liy sea," thus i.'ivin;f the traile to tin; Indii's. as the lieantifiil dream of ( io ivlien at New York, in llilK, wl lid and all the men of his tiini'. ■e Hudson v.ainlv searched in Kjiil), l)e fondly iielieved that he had reached the; gateway to the east. It was every way tittinu, therefore, to call what appeared to he a water gate tliroiigli the land a "Hope." Tlu! term was pcrleetly intelligible to the i;eoi;rapliers Ilope'i' This leads to the slateineiit of the time. Hut th< ,Sli, that (iosiiold seenuMl to know his uronnd : as bcfoii; any sho.d water is iiientione(l he applies the name o f •• .Sir lb il. alter the shal water is found he confirms tlienain(>. It woiiM appear that Ik; had the iireaC shoal in mind, and. knowing; that he was near it, employed the ei|iiivaleut of the IJaxos that In; had seen on the maps of A\'yt(liet, and n;ad about on the English pa!,'e of Liiischoteii. Others hail foiiiid nothing; to boast of or to assure their eoiiraife in [•assiin; idonif this iei;ion, but it would seem almost as iliou ,-n (J jiosnolif desired to signalize his vi>it to tlii iiectiiii; it with somethin;,' in ni|Ui At I s place, liy eon- east we oiler the siii^^esiion. That he knew his |iosition is evident. He had come fiuth mi this yoy- aue witli tlie letter o f \-. rrazano in his hand,^ and was in search of the ■i;ioii where the Island if liiiisa lav, uii island wfiicli, as aiiilia, was depicted near the Cape of (jamas on the map of Molynen.x. It was the '•.■.ituatiiin in fourtic degrees" that Carli^h; doired to colonize in ir^HS-H Jt was the i'\aet rcLrion that Sir lliimphrev (Gilbert sailed for on his fatal • Miiss. Coll., SOI'. .■;, vol. viii. p. 71. t lliiil. p. 7.). I Mtir 11 " Siiiiiul " WHS called " GosiiuM's IIopo." J '■ Vi'i-ni/.aiii) Ilic l-'.,\|ili>nT " p. .'i?. ^^ ,SiT till' piiinf ill ihr lti;i;|si la!, IS7S. Als'n note llic fait tlint Arrlicr s])onUs of the (li ■•inuiiiii III' ilii' viiyii;,'c as " uur pinposcil plaw." ilas.". Coll., s. 3, vol. viii. p. 7a. II Uakln.vl.iii. 181. 11 voyn^o. This IliiUliiyt deflarcs wlioii lie jiiirits upon (lu> n)ai';:in of liis J)ml;i' wliirli iclcrs to ( l.niiliii, "• Tlic cipiiiitri'y dl'Sir II. (i. \'(i\muc.'* Tlio old "Niilis" of \'('i'r';i/aiio, llii-rclorc, crops out in coiiiicctioii with tht! hopi! of :i roiitc! to till! opulent Cathay throu;;h what is now tlici tL-i-iitoiy of Massachusutts.f lie f;avo tlio name of Cape Coil to tin; cape. |)ossil)ly, in a merry mood, as the cod took so readily to his hait. liiailford gives a toleraiihi /v',s'/////e'of the suliject when he writes: '• A wonl or two liy y^' way of this eapc ; it was thus liist named li\ Cap- ten (iosiiold mid his coinpaMy. An": Is into ncoyrapliy. In KiU.'l. W'ylllict pulili>lii-d ano- ther edition of his work, as .alicaily olisei'Vcd. containiiii;' tin; map of |.V.)7, with the Cape indicated as " liaxos," and in its prop<;r place, in oppo.-itiou to .Mercator. In KilJ.') Champlain came to the Cape, and he says that he named it " Cape lilanc," sin(;e it contained sands ami dunes which had a white ap- ]iearan(;e.S On oni; of his ma[)s. howevei', he calls it '• C. Maileiiare.'' the had shoal, or Ua.xos. In HlliM. tin; Ffisrirrlrs ft'('(ii/rii/)/iicrs\\ lays down '" C. Haixo" where Cape Cod should lie, while the '• I'>. ile cnseieida " or liay h map had apptariMl sinci; that of llIOO; tliou:r|i tin; next year Lescarlidt pulili-hcd his Xoiiri'iri' Fraiirc, with a map ot the coast, giving Cape (,'od feebly detined as •' Maleliarie." In 1 (Kill, after landing on Cape; Coil, and passing a night enl:ingled in the ancient 15axos, Henry Hudson went southward and reached tin; Hud- son. All his niovenn-nts indicate that he knew of the river previou>ly thriiugh Smith, and that his oliji;ct was to explore with reference to a rouie to the Inilies.'l Magnin, in I (11 1 , pays no attention to (jlosnolil, and. to illustrate his text, • '■ Li>v ... Vi>yii^'o«," \\.C,\. II;ikliivt (.'Iciirly Know lliut .Mc-rcator save tlio wnm;; lati- tmlo a.- wi II as wniii.i; iiaiiic tii llio I-laiiil. t Till" strait passiiiL,' "(-^nvai-il IVniii {':i|ic Ciaiiias was, |)iis.~llily, siijru'i'stoil liy I.oiil,' Islaiiil .Siainil, Vilm-li tia.l 'ir>t liooii o.xploiod, and wliitli nii;,'lit liavo iiooii rosaiiloil as niiiiiiiis to tlio Si. I.awioiu-o. ; Ma«>. Coll., s. I, vol. ill. 11. 77. \^ (I^iivi'i-;, ii. 01. II " l''as(irvlvs f;oiii;iV|iliii-vs Ciiiniili'otons |ira'cipvnrvni Toiivs orM- Uouhiiiiini taliii'.i.i clri'ltor cc'iiliini vna oinii o.iniiiiloiii l';iiari-atiunilai>," \c-. Cdlii ain Itiiii iioy Inliaii lliix- omailior. MDCVIII. tiil. ,sl. 1! Tlio Oiitoli tlioiiiM'lvos cloc-larc that IIiiiNiin propiiMi' nvo tliliij.'s ti> his orow, tlie first el' wliioli WIS til "piiioooil nil tlio latiniilo iif 40 ilourois tn llir rni-t nl' .Aiiicri. a, lioiiif' rlil;'llv iiiiAoil 111 ilii. hv lolto|-» ami cliaits wliioli eiio Captain Siiiilli liail foiit liiiii irciiii ^'i^- (.'iiiia." N. Ycirlv (;ell..'s. i. viil. ii. p. liilll. .Inn, llio pilut. iiiii-t liavi' h nl tlio k'ltor et' Vor- razaiici liolijio liini in Ilalilnyl's vii>iiin. as was ilio oaso with Glenoid, .iintsays, "Tlio l.ind i> voi'v ploa-aiit and lii^'li," and Vorrazano savs "a vory pIcaNint plaoo ainuiii: o'T- taino .•^toopo liillos "; and w lido I lie loiiuor spoalyi el' tlio liarlior as •' an upon soa," and " n ^•iiod hiiriiiiiii- fill- all windo-." tlio lattor says it was a " ploasant lake." and •• woll I'uiisoil roiii llio wiiido." A>lior's llud.-uii, p. 7S, and " Uhoi's Voyugos," p. 03. ^ 13 iisos a m:i]i like tlirtt of 1003. ^IcrMtnr's t shows Cape Cod fairly delineated, hut the map remained unpuh- Tlie Kii'dish surveys arc iie^ indicated, though lished until reeeiit ti V relicll IIMIIK ■s translated into Dutch are taken from ficsearhot and Chain- plain. This map fe|)reseiits «renuiiie \vork !iy the Dutch, who e.xamiiied the cape i:arcfu!ly. and called I'lymonlh Ilarlmr "Crane l>ay."t On thi.s 1 Cape Coil is •• Si.iten hoeck," ami .Sandy Hook is " Sandpunt." " C. in:i .M; illi'iiarnt " is attached to the shoals if Fiindv is called '• Ariral's l!ay."t 'l"he ma]is of New England made hy the English, however, did not prove very seivice.ilile to some navigators. When olf tlu! Cape, in lOO"), AVaymouth's chronicler says. '• We found our sea charts very filse. putting land where none i-.'S (iosnold, it wouM aniiear. did not iiii|irov(i the car- tolorv. TI t h h Smith directeil IInil>on lo search in latitude 40° N., on very emohatie. siiyini' : this point lie IS •• I have had six or seaueii plats of tlio.-e Northern ]iarts. so vnlike eaeli to otliei'. and most so ditl'ering froii' any true proportion, or resemhlaneo of the Count icy, as tliey did me ,io more! good, then so much waste paper, tlioiiirh they cost nie more, Smitl I, 111 Ins own ma Ihi Ci ■•c .h p, p .lijlish LtilC, IMie Mercator ,f H oiidins. in li'il'.l. ii'iioi'eil the explorations of Gosnolil and Cliainplain, but they ])ut the the I'eiioliscot. Hondius thus correclinu his master, wliil lit IJaxos ill its pro|)er place west of C. Hondo' ipplie(l to the. region of tlii! Hay of Fiindy. The latitudes on this map cor- spei id with Mercator's of li')()',l, and dissent from those of Wvtiiii't and Magniii. which put Claudia near -11" W. Another map from Hondins, ,'iven liv I'urchas in I (i2."), corresponds with the representation of Haxos in Kil'.l. Ill ll me voliiuu! I'lirch a map if New V. iiLrlanil. which was an im|irovenient upon Ah xander's, and wiili Caiie Coil well delineated ill the modern wiiv, and wiili it- jiresent name, Coming to the year I (!.").'}, we tind that the Mercatorof Ilondius dismiss38 llaxo.s to the limlio of geographical aiitiipiities. The word had done its ' llistiiiro Viiivorsello ilos Imlcs Oa'iilfiit,ilc L'ln Kill, ji. 9.i. A '.)(jvnv : Clicz l'"i\inr()is Fiibri. + This \v;is iiroliiilily tlip work of Di' Wilt .'iiiil Vuli kcrt-'i'ii. nf " ilio l.lttlc Fox" nnil ' ilii' CniiH'," ill lOlH. HniillicM.r York," viil. i., iii;il iMc. lli-t. N Yiirk, i. lit New Yiirk," |i. 4ii ;iiiil 7')'. O't'Mlla^'liiin's " Now ^ Mj . C.jII. lIL'l, Ills lll:i|is williollt r.lpo ('ml. :t. viil. viii. ]\. l:!l. It may liooli I'.iuoiiraf.'i'iiii'nt'', p. 2\ii. 'd lure, ihut 1)1! Brv, ill lUl!) niid Sini til. i" lii- 1) icscTipiiijii or Ni'w Kiifrlaiiil, l.onilun, iniCi, nf'tcr siiciikiiii.' of the work ill' (;.].-in)lil. ^y:lvlnc)llt1l mill oiIht-, siv 1 iinist I'litniu ili'iii III pariloM mo if I oH'i'IhI ill .-aviii;.' that tlii'ir tr li'soriptioiis aro cuie'calcil, or iii,ii.,r will olisorvoil, or ilioil Willi tlio Authors; so tliat liiis (,'oasL is yot still liiit ouoii as a Coast vukiiowim and viidis- iilornl. iiiil. p V, riL'rinu's, iii. Sj;-"):), and v .'. iv. p. IgT-l. In the anMvors Coiind in llio " One Iliiiidrpd rri/.o Qiio-tions" (.Montreal, IHSD), the name of the Hay of Knndy is ineorrootly deduced fioiii '■ loud do la U.ilo l''iaii(;oi.so." Sou " Voirazuiio tiio Jixiiluror," yi. aS. la work for tlio linip. ami Gosnold's term, " Cm]io Cdd," siinorsodcd all oilier names. Neveitlieless, "Cal)o f New England, and eonniieneing the archipelago of Oviedo at Arenas. Tln^ weight of bis name gave cuirency to this blunder and various other geographical aliortions for more than half a century, thu.s well nigh stereotyping the confusion. Yet after all he laid down Cape de *' Lexus," as stated, in its proper latitude, thougii, as the Sketch Map shows, east of Norumbega, which by his blunder was thrown three degrees too far sontli. Dr. Kohl, who knew very well that the Hudson was Antonio, iuid Arrecelis Cape Cod, evidently felt that JSIercator had erreMap of Verrazano as the head and crown of the cartology of the North Atlantic coast. | \'ei-razano's •• C. della Hii- Hon " was never lost sight of down to lO'i'i, when the work of the modern Coast .Survej' was fairly inaugurated by Ca|)tain .Ions of the ship '• Disco- very," who ill that year un