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.J 
 
 FARMERS OF CANADA! 
 
 J 
 
 You are told that you are not prosperous ; that successive bad 
 harvests have bo)'ne heavily on you; that the McKinley tariff 
 has stopped your sale of hay, barley, etc., to the United States ; 
 and that all this is to be remedied for you by this new nostrum 
 of the Liberals called ** Unrestricted Eeciprocity." 
 
 This new policy of the Opposition — call it what you will — 
 "Unrestricted Eeciprocity," "Commercial Union," "Annexation," 
 for all those three are one and the same thing, means that to 
 secui'e a market in the United States you are to place youi'selves 
 and your property under the same conditions as the farmers of 
 the United States now are placed. 
 
 What is the condition of the farmers of the United States 
 — are they better off than you in any way ? This is a vitally 
 important question for you. Read and study the following 
 evidence, supplied by Americans themselves as to the States 
 adjoining your borders. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 Mr. A. B. Valontine, Commissioner appointed by the State, 
 
 reports : 
 
 September 10th, 1890. 
 
 "More than 1,000 farms in Vermont, formerly under cultira- 
 
 t!^-* ^..^ -^rvww AKrk«t/1^vkj&/1 A-i-M ^o-wnniniT** -run t»T\rkana AnA-Vtalr C%T vrniAn 
 
 have buildings thereon, in fair condition." " In some cases, nearly 
 
2 
 
 whole TownshipM may bo classified under this head." " Official 
 reports shew that a large portion are of good soil, not worn out, 
 and can bo made as fruitful as lands near by." 
 
 "Another class of farms, now occupied, could be bought at or 
 about the same price as those unoccupied." 
 
 " It is safe to say— that of the lands under consideration— there 
 are 500,000 acres, or about ten per cent, of the arable acreage 
 Df the State." 
 
 Will Unrestricted Reciprocity do more for Canada 
 than for Vermont ? 
 
 r 
 
 NEW YOEji. 
 
 The New York State Agent reported eighteen months ago ;— 
 '' There are large numbers of farms that were purchased ton 
 
 * years ago and mortgaged which would not now sell for more 
 
 * than the face of the mortgages, owing to the depreciation of 
 ' the farm lands, which on an average is 33 per cent, in ten 
 ' years. Probably one-third of the farms in the State would not 
 ' sell for more than the cost of the buildings and other improve- 
 ' ments owing to this shrinkage. Thirty pe^ cent, of the farms in 
 ' this State are mortgaged." 
 
 Will Unrestricted Reciprocity do more for Canada 
 than for New York ? 
 
 ^' 
 
 , MICHIGAN. 
 
 The Laboni* Commissioner writes that the mortgages on th« 
 farms of that State act like 
 
 " A mammoth sponge " 
 
 upon the labour of the owners. The annual interest charge^ on 
 farms alone he says is $4,636,235. 
 
 Will Unrestricted Reciprocity do more for Canada 
 than for Michigan ? 
 
 1 
 
r 
 
 t 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 Tho Commissioner for this State gives particulars of over 35G 
 abandoned farms, and says : — 
 
 " In most instances those farms have not been abandoned be- 
 ■' cause tho soil has become exhausted or from the lack oi 
 * natural fertility, but from various causes appearing in the 
 ' social and economic history of the State." 
 
 The Springfield Eepublican says :— - 
 
 " Agriculture as a fairly profitable industry is practically un- 
 mown in a great many sections of New England." 
 
 "Perhaps a majority of farmers are getting little more than 
 i plain livelihood." 
 
 "Farming property generally has been greatly depreciated, and 
 ieserted or mortaged farms, especially in the hill townships, are 
 jetting to be the rule rather than exception." 
 
 —Springfield (Mass.) Bepublican. 
 
 Eeport of the Commissioner of Agricultui-e for the United 
 states of 1888 :— 
 
 " A great many who hold medium sized farms, say ranging 
 Tom 100 to 200 acres, find it now impossible to continue culti- 
 vating them after the old methods and realize in addition to 
 axes and current expense a sum equal to the fair interest upon 
 she capital invested." 
 
 Will Unrestricted Reciprocity do more for Canada 
 than for New Hampshire ? 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 The Secretary of the Board of Agriculture for the year 1889, 
 says.: "There is arreat aoTiciiIf,nrn,l donvAaamn at t^"/>"at><^ *- Vo-r 
 England ; the vocation of farming is here under a dark cloud. 
 
The farmoi- must toil harder and for lower profits ; moreover 
 ieepito his labours, ho often sees his land decrease in value; 
 aundreds of farms in New England are to-day worth scarcely 
 aalf what they were some years ago." 
 
 Will Unrestricted Reciprocity do more for Canada 
 than for Massachusetts ? 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Report of the Bureau of Statistics for 1889.—" The preliminary 
 
 * report of the State Board of Agriculture, which lately investi- 
 'gated the causes of the depression of the farming interests of 
 
 * New Jersey, estimated that 65 per cent, of the fai-ms are mort- 
 "• gaged." 
 
 The counsel of a great Life Insurance Company is quoted in 
 ihe same report as saying : " I an. not aware of a single large 
 ' corporation that is now willing to loan to any considerable ex- 
 
 * tent on farming property in this State." 
 
 Will Unrestricted Reciprocity do more for Canada 
 than for New Jersey ? 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 Report Bureau of Labour Statistics for Illinois, for 1888 says: 
 
 Total number of acres mortgaged 34,575,903 
 
 Average value of improved lands per acre... $38-66 
 
 Present incumbrance in 1887 per acre $18.23 
 
 Will Unrestricted Reciprocity do more for Canada 
 than for Illinois ? 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 The Commissioner of the Michigan Bureau of Statistics says: 
 
 m his annual report, 1888 : " The farmer, the mechanic, and the 
 
 ' labouring man, WHOSE PROPERTY IS ALL IN SIGHT, 
 
 ^^ 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 id^ 
 
 i 
 
"IS MOST OPPRESSIVE, CANNOT ESCAPE. The 
 
 ■on-resident capitalist who holds mortgages does escape. 
 
 Will Unrestricted Reciprocity do more for Canada 
 than for Michigan ? 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 WESTERN STATES. 
 
 According to estimates made by Mr. Harris, a Chicago banker, 
 in 1887, the mortgage indebtedness of the farmers in the ten 
 Western States is as follows : — 
 
 Obio 350,000,000 
 
 Iiidiana ^ 175,000,000 
 
 Illinois 200,000,900 
 
 Wisconsin 100,000,000 
 
 Michigan 125,000,000 
 
 Minnesota 70,000,000 
 
 Iowa , 100,000,000 
 
 Nebraska 25,000,000 
 
 E^ansas 50,000,000 
 
 Missouri..... 100,000,000 
 
 Will Unrestricted Reciprocity do more for Canada 
 than for tie Western States ? 
 
 id^ 
 
 i 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Gerard 0. Brown, of York county, Penn., said :— 
 " Our wheat has averaged below $1 per bushel for some years ; 
 BELOW COST OF PRODUCTION. It is now, I believe, 74 
 or 76 cents ; corn about 36 or 40 cents. Fattening cattle, once a 
 profitable venture, as DECLINED wonderfully. It is rare for 
 feeders to get market price for corn fed to fatten stock. Tobacco 
 raising nolonger pays, the risk and outlay of so expensive a crop 
 being considered. Dairying, to which many turned for refuge, even 
 when, as is the case in our neighboui-hood, it is conducted under 
 
 the best known SVStem. with ths most; annm^rArl innnKi'novTT and 
 
m 
 
 appliances is NOT EEMUNERATIVE : creamery Btook too 
 often dead stock." 
 
 DESERTED FARM BUILDINGS. 
 
 Again, the same witness gives the following picture ©f the 
 ruin and decay amongst the farmers : — 
 
 " On one main road from Lowell to Windham, 12 miles I 
 
 counted SIX DESERTED SETS OP FARM BUILDINGS, 
 
 besides several which have already gone to ruin. Fields and 
 pastures are grown to wood ; houses in which, a generation ago, 
 sturdy manhood and womanhood flourished are gone to utter ruin ; 
 in many school districts there not sufficient children to have a 
 school. The whole appearance is one of POVERTY AND 
 DECAY ; to ride along our countiy roads is extremely depress- 
 ing. 
 
 DEPRECIATED VALUES. 
 
 Take another witness called before the same committee, Mr: 
 Victor E. Piollet, of Bradford county, Penn., who being asked 
 to state the value of farm lands now as compared with six years 
 ago, stated (page 856) : — 
 
 " There is a DEPRECIATION OP MORE THAN 60 PER 
 
 CENT. ALL OVER THE COUNTRY outside of the cities 
 
 and manufacturing towns where land is very valuable for 
 suburban residences and building purposes." 
 
 Will Unrestricted Reciprocity do more for Canada 
 than for Pennsylvania ? 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 " In 45 tigricTiltural towns in Connecticut the decrease of wealth 
 in the 11 years 1865-76 amounted to $1,893,172; oetween 1876 
 and 1886 the decrease ran up to $2,741,520. Out of 603 farmers 
 
 ^ 
 
 interviewed, 378 bhow a yearly loss. AS WE TRAVEL 
 
AWAT FKOM NEW ENGLAND TO KOBE WESTERN 
 LANDS WE MEET THE SAME CEY-THE DECLI <E 
 OP AGRICULTURE. Tho roport on tho financial uffaira of 
 th« farmors of Nobraeka (1887-88) Bhows that of 215 farmors 
 
 2Sg VoNy?'"''- '''^''^'' '"^'^ ^^^^ «^^«= 
 
 ^ 
 
 A STARTLING PICTURE. 
 
 Following up this question of mortgages, Elliott gives the 
 lOllowiDg pictui'o : 
 
 "The picture given of life on Saturfay in a Kansas town is 
 wrtainly a startling one : ■ It matters not how dull the town 
 has been during the week, on Saturday the streets are crowded 
 
 r'.mJ^?, ' "" *'"'* "^"y CHATTELS ARE SOLD TO 
 SATISFY THE OVERDUE MORTGAGED. At present 
 these sales are numerous in the West, outside of the corn bolt 
 and a very large portion of these do not realize sufficient to pa; 
 the mortgages. Teams, waggons or horned stock, which six 
 
 Ton / TJ7 '°''"'"™' ""P'" """""'y ">'■ '^ •«»« of f'om 
 »100 to $150, frequently FETCH AT PUBLIC AUrTTrtM 
 
 mS^::"^'' '=^ '^^ pScVoTS 
 
 Judge Nott of the United States Court of Claims Jias written a 
 pamphlet entitled " A Good Farm for Nothing," dealing with the 
 
 tlZu sa?"- "' """" ™"" " ^^^ ENGLAND. 
 
 with^h*rw'f'"ff '"'/''™"-'"""'»' ^"'P'"^ - <=»«-!« 
 with the Western fruit and vegetables, with Delaware and New 
 
 i""ZT'". "T' ""' "*" "'"" ""■■^^ '■- -""- -d 
 .1..=. .u .ne free ranches of the government-i„ wool with the 
 
8 
 
 unhoused flocks of TEXAS and CALIFORNIA, of Now Zealand 
 and Australia— in dreabed beof with ARMOUR'S SYNDI- 
 CATE." 
 
 Farmers of Canada having road 'forego! t)g ovidonco are 
 you prepardd to vote for UNRESTRICTED RECIPRO- 
 CITY. Any advantage which the American dotnand may 
 give you with one hand will be raoro than taken back i» 
 the shape of municipal taxation, State taxation and Direct 
 taxation. The Americans will see that you pay all those ; ia 
 short, that there shall bo on your part complete surrender to 
 American terms and conditions and tariff's. The issues are plain, 
 Messrs. Laurier and Cartwrightwillhring upon you both political 
 and commercial subjection to Washington. 
 
 The Conservatives arc fighting for reciprocity as in 1854, based 
 upon an honest and independent preservation of our national life. 
 
 Which of these is most in accord with your interest — to say 
 nothing of your Honour and Freedom? 
 
 This momentous question you will have to answer at the polls 
 in a few days. 
 
 Vote for Laurier and the Liberals and you harness yourselves 
 and your children to a condition of ruin and decay. 
 
 / 
 
 A A