IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET iMT.3) •\ x- — i V •* 7 # ^ ■'. \ / 1.0 l.l US, ^ K&.;ij.2 140 iir?.o \M mu 11116 \ \ Pliulugi'dpliic Sciences -Corporalion ^ ^l* ^^ A ^^> 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y.145M (716)«73-4903 1V ^' *>^^ "^^ '^A^ o^ \ ^IHM/ICMH Microfichei Series. ft ^f CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. 7. A:- ti Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiqufts ^ ;'^*'.' I"*' — t Technical and Bibliographic Notaa/Notes tachpiquas at bibliog^aphiquaa The Institute has attempted to obtain the bast original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically uniqua. which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked balow. 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Those too large to be entirely includisd In one expoaura are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, aa many framee aa required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: ■1 B T ■ ■ * ■ • • 1 ■- * ^, * 1 ^.: .2- . 3 ■f' ^ * 1 Un'dea symbolairsulvants apparaitra suria derniAre image de cheque microfiche*, selon le caa: le symbols — »> signifie "A SUIVRE'Me'' symbols V signifie "FIN". / « Les cartea, planches, tableaux, etc., psdivent Atre filmAe A dee taux de rMuction diff Arents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA, il est filmA A partir da I'angia supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en baa, en prenant le nombre d'imeges nAcessaire. Las fliagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. f;^ f i -4- V > f- h' 'M f'r J' ^^ \ lU. •--.N,/ ,^. f £ •--&.■„ itMt! Ill im ■ ttVdU I) n hi •*■• k .> SAILING DIRECTIONS TO ACCOMPANY * " ! ' LAURIE AND WHITTLE'S iNEW GENERAL CHART A' ¥t OF ' \ \ The ISLAND and BANKS e/' NEWFOUNDLAND, THE GULF AND RIVER of St. LAWRENCE, » \ Jtoba#cotia, ■ ■ / ■ THE BAY OF FUNDY, AND THE 5i COASTS THENCE TO BOSTON, CAPf XOD, &c. » ' .:€ COMPILED, CHIEFLY, FROM THE SURVEYS AND OBSERVA-pIONS OP CAPTAIN JAMES COOK^ F.B.S.; OP MR. TROMAS BACK' HOUSE, MASTER IN THE ROYAL NAVY, AND AUTHOR OF THE NEW PILOT FOR NOVA SCOTIA ; OF MR. FRANOIS OV(EN, MASTER JN /THE ROYAL NAVY, &C.; OF MR. DES BARRES,*AND OTHER EMINENT itAVK^ORS, WELL AC- J\^ OUAiNTED WITH THE Navigation OF ^^HtfOA^Ts? VK^ORS, "' ' ' . *■ '■ . ' • '■": LONDON: . ' .^^^"^^^-^.^ x; ;.. Printed FOR ROBERT LAURIE and JAMES WHITTL^ ^ i-* CHART-SELLERS TO THE ADMIRALTY, j^cljfc. • I J/ MO. 4.3^ FI'^ClSSTBEfiT. ^ ' '-^ r--T ^— - ■ ■ • "i^::: — : r^r^ — • ? ■, > I \\ ■i I "^ y \ ) w ^.'. -p. ^•'•.r \ \. X 1-. ■#-^ IV ^^-^^^fSlS^TO----" >, . .TSSq- ^ ' '■/ -:s*- f CONTENTS, J / SECT. I. The ISLAND and BANKS of NEWFOUNDLAND. I VAGt. General Remarks.— St. Johi^^s to Cape R?tcc. . * • • * Cape Race to Cape Chapeau Rouge, induiHng the Harbour of PWcentia, &c.. . 4 Cape Chapcaft Roii«;c to Cape Ray, including Fortune l^y, &c ^ Cape Ray to Cow HeatL 13 38 \ SECT. II. Tie GULF and RIVER of ST. LAWRENCE. The Gulf of St. Ijawrencc, generally The River of St./Law rente SO 31 SECT. III. "... I ■ " " -■ The EASTERN COASTS of NEW BRUNSWICK, &c. tothe GUTpf CANSO, with ST. JOHN'S or PRINCE EDWARDS ISLAND. Gaspe Bay to the Gut of Canso • • • • • • • ^^ The Gut of Canso ....... ^ ..>...... • - 43 St. John's or Prince Edward's Inland. • • • • ' * 45 ^. M P:>^ \ SECT. IV. CA#E BRETON ISLAND, with CHEDABUCTO BAY, &c. Port Hood, St. Ann"* and Sydney Harbours Louisbourg Harbour and Chcdabucto Bay • • Courses and pistaiices .\ • ••••••••* •ri^'* SECT. y. -Isle-of-Sabl c and B a nfcg of N oy «t S cot ia, Coasts of Nova/Scotia , 48 49 The SOUTHERN and SOUTH-WESTERN COASTS of NOVA SCORIA, &c. ' including the BANKS. .... sV Halifaz' .1 'AY%;g'.v' ■ -■ ;' '...l-.M- mm ::j^:. it CONTENTS. ' '(*"'" Harbour .„J.rf. ..111 , 01 U SECT, vr SrB-^'S::^"^'"'^-^;;-;:;------: ^«Pe Sable, of Nora Scotia.;;;* 67 ■ \ It ;.^%- '.^■,' / . . di • 55 • 50 • 63 . 04 / . 60 71 / 77 78 78. 79 ^6 SAILING DIRECTIONS. « « «" TIIC BEARINGS AM) COmHES ARE 1II0SK BY COM,l'^S«», VNI.rtS WHERE OTHERWISE EX« pnf.Ksrj). 1IIE VARIATION OF iiir. Nr.epLC in riir k^virond ov st. joiin'* is Rather MOIIF. THAN TWO l>OINTS, Ull 23 DEORKKH, WEST, y IT DrCREASES TO THE WESTWARD, BEINO AT THE ENTRANCE OP THE HfVER ST. LAWRF.M F, IB OU 19 DECREES; AT QUIBKC, ONLY 13 UEOREES; AT THE ISLAND OP jAt'E BRETON II lit ABOI.T 20 DEOREES, bcCREAttlftU TUE^CE| 70 THE WESTWARD,* 10 18 AND 16 DECREES. X SECT. I. a The ISLAND and BANKS of NEWFOUNDLA 9^ GENERAL REMARKS. ST. JOIIITS to CAPE lUCE-v . v . \ . 4''''^''' ' ■ ' ■ '^■' -'■"■' NEWFOUNDIiAND is, in general, a hilly and rttcgcd country, Tariegafed with extensive woods of hircli, small pine, and fir. i| is covered with snow about five months in the year, and involved, for a still loj^^cr period, In thick fogi, ac« companied with sleet. Its chief towns arc, St. John's in the S.E. situate on an excellent harbour, which will presently be described, and Placentia Iti the South, on the bay of thA name. The BANKS, which ar^ In their fisheries, the source of all the opulence in;^^ the Island, are vast subroarincj^evaUondV ^^^ various depths and very unequal figure, as shewn by the chart. The depths qn/thafeeat Bank vary from 15 to 80 fathoms. The bottom, which is generally oC sand H^d'avel, is covered in niany places with shells, and abounds with dilTi rent ^ts ofnW; but, more particularly, with c6d, which is inconceivably uumerous r lor, although from %0O to 400 vessels hav« been annually freighted'^with^Mii article of commerce for nearly two centuries, ttfcre ap. pears to be no sensiblc%creaso of the former plenty. A great smcU and thick fog usually indicate the place of the bank. The cod are usually most abundant where the bottom is sandy ; and the kast so where it is muddy. The best depth for them is between 30 and w fathoms, or i^M water. In the months of February and April, the fish, which in the winter retiro,: to the deepest water, come on the banks, and. fatten quickly. The great fishery generally commences on the banks about the 10th of Mayj and * continues until the end of September. /K The admiral or covmodore of the squadron sent out annually to prot0ct the fish*, eries and settlemeuts, is, pro tempore, governor of the island ; and thijsreHAre two iieutenaat-governors, one at St. John's, and the other at Placentia. There ure, generjjilly, in the spriiig^\Witbiu 125 or 130 leagues of the lahd, and ba-- tween the Outer and Grand Banks, "^numerous ice>bergs, or ice islaods^^ that float down with the current from the north-westward, and which, during the foggy wea- ther, are very dangerous : even in the inontha of June, July, and August, there are frequently a number of them ; some of which may be seen aground, i» 40 or y .fa* thoins or irftterr~iB~thick w^oier, tiie^tace;nDf ^ t^^ B ~^distti^^ guishcA . 3^ i isA. »?• JOUN'a TO CAPE BAC«. !!■ H. «a H .o IVM;^-.;:^^^^^^ „„„..„, w* :"'"' •"• "-""Jem. .f.:i 1", rcX^s™'' ••" """«! -S •"■'•«« |>mp» Bovsrn to St. Joiiw'a a», ""' '""^Jip" the di^ngcr. **• Nf to .he southward of IVu^allH 7^^^^^^^ rec<,„,n,e«dcd to keep . degree ,nd . . J nose bound lo the Culfnrc* r- . ^ ^ 44* SO. and keep th « l.t [."i ^'^T'"' *''°"''' """ «ho Ha "e» the cou we from C«/iout2 miles to the southward of Foxes' Island ii lUilineMm^:, brtwceu them lie Isle de Spear and Goose Island. Frd^pine Mead to Caiie Neddick the bearing and diaUnce ar6 S.W. by W. about fcilf a l^f uc ; and» from Cape Neddick to Brigus Heady S. W. by S. «J miles, flr/- ius Harbour lies to the northward of Brigus Head, and il fit for small vessels only.^ CAPfe BKOyLE, Ac— from Brigus Head to Cape Sroule is about 2 milei south. Cape Brpyte Harbour lies in about N.W. by W. | W. above 2 miles ; buf it is exposed to sea winds. Cape ffroyle is the mtist remarkfbl^ land on all th$ south coast of Newfoundland ; for, coming either from the southward or northward^ it appears like a saddle. S.K. by E. from the northern point of Cape Broylc, abou^ half or three-quarters of a mile, lies a sunken rock, called Old Harry y on whicbls but 18 feet'water ; the sea breaks upon it in bad weather ; but between it and the shore there is 12 or 13 fathoms, of water. In very bad weather the sea breaks home almost to the shore from Old Harr^y by reahon 6f the current, which getoerally scU strong to the southward. , * • '*i_ v From Capo Broyle U(ead' to Ferryland Hetuij the bearing and diitatace tfe S. S.W; , n THei* Dlrecrtobl iV)r the SdUtharo Coatia of Kewfoaadland are a|Mtracted vChieflr, fr^as l^urie 'W>FA<«fc'f larger Book of Directions, wliich acdtrnpaniei tli'e - No«Tip Amuucax Pi«»t," Part I. — — '"^ '-'--^iiahrado r,«Ct V I iibit f f .U- »oc». ' * ""'Htm hiu„o K|«„d,„4 ^. y^'P; «•» «"^n bct*cc„ iheio ' •Wc of rth side ■ side, is rathoms PsU'rly, 14 to 4 >ui 1} Dint of • from , Hhich > with S.W. Poi/i/. W. 3 rocks lit for nda vnch (be CAH; R>^CR TO CAPr. CIIAIEAU ROIJCi:. S I'uwifi to C'o/»« iVi4l/o«, it \% E.S.R..i K. onr mile. Iktwten th»«« jiolnli lira Mut* ton BMif, which ia •bout t oRlea deep, with l« tv 3 falhom* W4tcr» rocky botlt»m. The N.W, part of the htad of thU fmy ii nrparatrd from TrcpaMcv llaibour by • low,^ narrow, »«iijly, itonx beach, o»«r whith the tti»il» in lh« harbour may b« seen ^^ *" * ^ ^ Vrom (Vfiitakcn Pomt to 6fl/)^ Vine^ the courio and dliitanci tra W.W.W. ^ W. 4{^lcaguVi. TKKPASSKY IIAIIUOUH j The entrance of Trir/jaiirjf Harbour liri nearly* miliMl fc.N.K. from Capo Tine 4 /It ia about tKretj quirteri of • mile »»idc, and run* nearly of thoiamc breadth for 5j^e«, wh.re it narrow* to one nuaVtcr of a mile, hut agiin iiirruaie* to thrrc qua^cri of a mile, where the iiliips ride. The danger In Bailing into Ihia harboH,r «r^ m amall rock on the east ihore, a'hout a mile within the VoxcU.heady and dbout one ihird of a cablc'i length from the iihorr; and, on the wcit fchore in the l»arbou£, off a itony beach, a ihoal^ phich r^inii along shore up thu harbour to a low green point. Iiukef$ Point on ^th a low rocky point in thu chtrance of the harbour, will. c4rry you clear of thit shoal. , When you are neail/ up with the low green point, you may itcer more to the wcstvfard, and anchor ei- ther in the N.W. of N.K. ttrm, in h or 6, fathoms. From Cape I'Ine to t'apt Freehj the course and dlsfanrc are Wes^ I f mile. The land about Cspe Fine is moderately high And barren. F»om Cape FreeU the land trends about W,N.\V. one mile, tlien N.W. { W. on^ mile to ihu (yutcrn head of at. fihoCf* ■■- -^ - r - —^ --^ ^''".i^ "' '^,-,-'' ■ From the eastern head of St. ShotU to Pp/n/Xflrtc«|Po bearing and dlstanco are ' N.W. \ N. I'Z miles, ihcsc points form the entrance into St, Mart/'s Day,, which rnns up 9 j leagues to the K.N.E. with *e»cral scry good harbours in it, the land on each side being moderately high. The land from l»oiiit Lance llcsK. | S. S leagues, to a high btuffcupe, from which the land along the west side of the bay bears N.D. by E. 10 leagues up to the head -of the bay. From the aforc-mcntioned bluff cape to Capo English, on thti cast shore, the . course is S.S.E. j E. distance 5 leagues. ., . From the eastern head of 5'.' ShoVs to the western head, the course is N. by W. ^ W. distance 9 mil^: St. $h§Vi Viay\% about a uiiludcvp, and entirely open to the sea.. Fr^m the western head o( St. ShoVs to Gull Island^ it b N. i E. distant 4 miles ; this island is small, and close to the main land. -, From Guii Mand to Cape English the bearing and distance are N. by ^4 { y,. abontSJcagucs. This cape ia high tableland, terminating in a low rocky point, forming ^4)ay about a mile deep to the southward of it ; at the bottom of which is a low stony beach, within which is Holyrood Pond, running to the E.N.E. for about • 7 leag(i()s. This pond makes Cape English appear like an island. . . From Cape English to False Cape the course is N.E. I N. one mile distant. Frqm Cape English to Point la Haye, the bearing and distance are E.N.f:. 3 leagiies. This is a low point, from which a ledgc'of rocks eitends a quarter of a mile -. into the sea, and above a mile aiojig shore, on which the sea breaks in bad weaytber. This is the only danger in all St. Mary's Bay that will take a ship up^ MARY'S HARBOUR.— From Point la Haye to the south point ojf Si. point on tne starnoaru siue going 1 The entrance of this harbour is above a mile wide, and bears from Point Lance E.S.E. i E. 9 leagues. Within the points that form the entrance, it divides.into two brinchcs, one to the S.E. the other to the E.N.E. When you are within Ellis Poiot, haul in. to the southward, and anchor abreast of the houses and stages, upon a flat, ia 4 or 5 fathoms, whaff you will lie laod.lockcd. This flat runs off about half a mile "ROir X T ' "I - *i lij •^ f ;: R .1! e CAP* ^^t, H e.ti^„^,,,^ , ,^^^ ■Uofrmn ,1,. .„, "!'!;•._'*"« '""ygoodancborai. in ». hi". l'?t' ""'' '.""» "> North harbour «„ n b» e .h *""™' "»""• ' ♦»», »l niles, and one mile fn'mrt.n''; ' ^yS^^Si. bvS. rdi k» ji.. ' . . < ' ,. '" '"™ ">e nearest oari „f .1,. _i.i,. ,..' v a^ *, •1 alioel iwo rtirS^f «i. h- f ' / *"* ,"'"• '""» 'he nearest i)arl?f rt J" .*^f k t miles J • ^^]^ ^f- ■ ti, M oh tkt Kal-. rtllcrit ^ronntt he tea, aHdb t <*f *WcH )9 tid ttf #hicfi thii i«»and it of a quarter iide of Gti^at rt of a4!i^, 'Island I is f arbour; it ichor^lge, a htand. . m the ilorth irtd runs to t Is aboqt 3 wns wWor, north pare nniio the thorns wa- wide: or on buard^ eitiiahd- • o miles : >% for H the cape rare two ill aTibve E. byS. till land*; Hichap- ^e ihpid', #'. from are twd U tlieiii. herd ai^ re thbre ar depth IntldiiiV' of ta> ti i > tinMt miieaj »LA^K1I>TIA BAT AVD I'M BARBOUBfti 9 milci; tnd fcora Poifi/. firMM, to the Virgin Rocks, N.B. i B. 13 «tte4. Tfa«M rucks lie about a miles from the main, and show ftbave wa|er. , From the yirgin Bocbt to Voint Kerde or Grteu FoinL, the bearipft M(| diitenctt arc N.E. by E.^ K. 5^ roil«e«. There is no shelter lor ships or wssela l»;t\iacn U|i« St. Mary and Green Point ; the land betweca ift of « nodwaie, «od appeav iiwr\^ of an equal, height all the way ;- but oti:r Hacentia^ and ta the noilUiWArd of k, the land u y Ay high and iinuii'n, with many peaked hills. / PLACENTIA HAilBpUR. l\int Ver4e, cr Green Pointy is faw and fcsTel^ md forms the south side of th6 en.lranccj 9^ Plac^ntia Road and Uarbour, which is situ- ated on the east 8,iJe of the great bay of Placontia. If you are coining frpm the southward, and gQine into t^e,road, you should ^teep a leag^uo from the shore, to &Yo\d the OibraUar Rock, iyhicl\ lies west from (Jreen Point, till you bribg the Chstle //i7f open to the' northward of that point.. 'i;he Castle Hill is on the north side of the road on whi(jb staijds the castle," infl „is distinguishable far out at se%. GibraUar Aocifc has only 8 feet wat^r over it, at low water sprjn^ tides, and Iies2|; miles west from Green Poii^t. Whep you h^ve the Castle Hill on withGre«n I\)iut, it' will lead yOu a quarter of a mile to th*e northward otyt ; run in with the mark on, keapinL' your lead going, as there 9fp r,egula^ soundings on botUsides, and gif bg Gre6n <*o1nt a bcrth^near 2 cables' length, passing it in 4 fathoms water, yon ipaj proceetHothcattCl^orageun^ertlfeCastl^Ht^, at three quarters of the disjiianee over from that side, whe^^u lie in 6 or Tfathom^ waiter, g(U2^ |(round. At thc\>otton|or th(? road is a loi^g b^Sl^ ^hich terminates to the north iit a (loint, on which stand thef houses and a fort ; betweeii^ whiqh and the Castle Hill is thp entrance into Piacentia, Jiarbour, which is ?ery,iiarrowi with 3\ fathoms water; btit within the Narrows It widens to one third of,k mi(e, add runs tip E.N.E. above a mile and a half, with or ^fathoms water, wfapr^ ships may lie in perfect security. In go|ng in kee^ near^t the starboard sidq.' ;■• ' ■' '"' ^^ , • , ' , - ■ . , . , -^ ■ TtUB. FOLLOWING Df RECTION8 HAVE BBBN GIVEN OX ftliB NbW GHARf OF.TQB Road and H-Aneoua of Placbntia/ bjt M% Faancis OwBNy' Masteb, H.N. ; > • ■ ' ■•■ ■■.■■■;,;,<■; ' .■ .. ,*':■, !:■»: /* The Road and Harbour of Gfeat Phcentia are oti. the east side of the Bay of Piacentja. I'he southern entrance of this road is Point Verde, which bear» frtHn^ C^peSt. Mary NkE. distance 2* miles ; from the Outer Virgin liock N.E. by K. \ £. and from the south side of Red Island §.S.Ei distance 14 miles. " Point Verde is a tow level point, with a pebble beach on the east side, nearly hilf ^■?^el«Qft >Kyihi^ SfiVtah ^hiag ^ta«es juSlL withiT) thQ. points 4ii^ t^f% ei}!} q^F t^i^, beach is a high rocky cliff, that ¥:|t;$AdStt|^ tl|Q.S«Ei corner of the bay, where it again terminates in a pebble beach. This beach runs E.N.E. one mile to the old fort or south entrance of the t^jsrhoq^: on the inside of tl|is beach stands the town of Placeptia, which faces thp,^.E^ ^m of the harbour.- A little to^the southward- of the town is a liigK hill, with a rftnarkable cirif on the middle of the beach. " The outer point on the liurth side is level, with a clay cliff on "the outer parh It bcarslrora iPo^t Verde^I^.Ei by N. nearly, distant one mile and, a half : from thia^ pointih^ laind forms a small- bay^ with a stony beach round it, to the corner of the cliff under Signal tfiil, which is t|ie first hHl on the north side of the road froqi.thi* j;>oiht. The cliff;t:qijtinue^ to Freshwater Bay, wiiich is formed in a small valley be-, tween Signal Hilf on the w^est^ ^'d Gastle.Hi|l;on the east, with a pebble beach round it. A small ri? ulet runs down this vajley, w^ere ships can water. On .the ^af t side. o& this bay ia Oa'stle Hilly' with an old fortification on its top; within tMs hill is a n a rrow b e a ch, whiwh fnrm « thn nnrih p.ntr a iiiCL' iiao the harbonr. At l ow w ate r t ha cq(fftW«of-.ttie.harboac. ia.npti miuu titan. 6(KJtathoini actoas, aiuL tJiQi tiite iatoJt ;KiV[W.in9r«,tjim4ki(pl»(^aivhottC. Xtetvnly oaogen near Piacentia are, the Virgin Hocks and Gibraltar Rockf, on \^ ij kv***. I.' .-r fe"^. -Tr- ill ' ■'- it if- 1 1: '4 H * , . *tACENTIA BAY AND ITS HARBOURS.' "liilant 12 milo.. f hti,. i.v'. ,i V * *"'' ''"■» ' °"'' ""'»"' N.E. j K , ij^jnil... and b oeaJVllS^. L^ ,'"0"^"' ""'' '""'''^'"' '"""■"'^. «"'«•" from iMulf„t;;rvV^Ti^^^^^ X^- * «• ■"«..". ^^".i-c. .„u water o. ,W, ,ick, w4 ,0 f..hom?ro"„7i " "' """"= "° '"^ '* '•»••' »' Hwk,^ hill',. "»r""»"I of It, iho land u high .M unc.ui, with .c,o,!a froipan i^^rs^/i^irLrirNtfri'; ^-r^- '- »"»• thence to Point Vrrdc N F hvP il-'\i « ..•*"*> •'»*«»* 12 miles; and of the Virgins, irtt^a i-er^f^c It "\Vu'«ilurp "fr .^"'^ ^'''^ *"« '^'^^'^ «nder th. highland of Si«„-a HI, a r^^^^ a '„„g ,o». po1„t ;j^^an o.d ^.ficauLon iU ^L^IS^ itllh ^^ tl^^ r^ll^tJ^ of, Poiat Verde: It bears from Poh.t \^rdc E i jJ"' ThI?'" i' 't T'^""''^ to-the northward of the Gibraltar Roek ; you may^h^oTt^^^^^^^^^ ^ng y«u ore not to come nearer Point Verde thart t^ro c"ble Men.fh o ?'*'' '^^'"^ the northward, with only 1^ and 15 feet water on I? T? ' * .? ''*' '""» "^ <" are regular; from 6 to 3 fathom?, sandy bottom L lie !'"""?'"«'; °^*''° '«»^' north side, as there are 5 and 6 fathoms^dos" t™ 'the rolJ^ dce^pest water ia on the ;j:ater is shoni, as there are not more than 12 f^t atTm fa»h ""r^ '""'t ''''" *''« The best anchorage for ships of a larce draft nf »,♦ -^k *^'"'"' ^''*"" *^« "hore. at about one .naPter of thi'disL:': J?:m;t ^o^^^J^X:^!''^;:^''^''^ 5| fathoms, with sandy ho«tom. Point Verde w th?^ k ^ w /? ' '^'" ^*^« ^ <>«• «t Oh. 16m. in the morniK^. The yarialT^^ ,k„ '"^ '?'"?' ''V* "' '^e moo,i .ion o„ the 22d ofA„g„stlli^!"r2^4tf w TP,?'.V^T^^ byobserva- .oor ehro»om«ers, was 53° 31' 45*Wb..'. '""«""''' "'"'« "<>. '»)>. by Fro#f Cape St. Mary to Point Breme _, _ to the south side of Hfd i-rom Point Breme to the Virgin Rocks ... V, ' ,.. /« to *he south side of lU(i 1 rem A irgin Rock to Point Verde ..... to Point Latina.. _, „ . . *o the south side of Red From Point Verde to Point l^tina , , ^ ■ . , to the south siile of Red tnm Point L*tina to the south side of Red DEG. MItES. Island Island Island Island Island N. U E. or N. by E. nearly 7 N.22E.orN.N.E. .... ^l N.29RorN.N.E.iE.....6 N.2lW.orN.N.\V.......i4 N.43W.orN.W.|N... u 3Ay-QF PLAGENTIAv Point^t pu,e«uR.ad; h..w««.Moh^„;-rj„LT;.:.:',^> -—■"■■ — :- - -^---.^. --.- — „ „\.-_..^-._.__,^_, 'about 'smmm-- ^ mnmnBmm .-p!*- ii' PIACe'nTIA bay and IIS HARBOUK! 9 M . mil. off. H lar,c mile to the .a,.«arj of P«i«t U.i..a Uei Point Boc*,. ,, I'omt H.<«l.e IJ »""'"*>• °'',''-,fS|" „j i, near half a mile broad. lUrii. MK^whicl. «l«..l. W. I., i'-.f "•« »J,™i''j;"ehUy ^ byiho w«t point II. 1 ..hint are a ranee of rocks, which sometimes break quite across. *''7^''^7/*:t .Vom Foxhlan.! is a steep rock ahore water, called F«Ai«ff iloci^ -^ ani N.l5 E. HnAl^ from Fishiug RockMi^ a sunken rock, wh.cli almost '' Th'i&,.ANos are a cluster of. high is||«4 Iving N.E I E. of Fox Island, aboHt siniTes East 3 miles from the south point o^ Ram Islands is the entrance i*?tr/LT/1;^6«ur; there is no danger in going in ; the b^st anchorage .s on the llth siSf, i'tSe eas'tward of narbi>ur bland, between it and the man., wlM^re you wiUIiescx^^J^an^ds i^ «.,,, „e sJe::Mow Tsl ndranV^^^^^ between these place. "; but not the least ' rhefterJeToot"^^^^^^^^^ along the coast. Little Harbour has.bad ground, and hes '^fi::^^:::[;^^utL^u. to the south pomt of Long lsl.nd the course is i IE 41 leagues -this island is nearly 3 leagues long, high land, the south point befni'of Vma k .WyVtecp rock..' On the east sideof it, about a league from the souUl l7^t\\eH Harbour Buffet, which is tolerably good; the entrance to it is narrtiw, Jo'jJht^rd^^nra'ndVrt- entrance. To sail into it yon must pass to .he n'>rthward °^ * ' /l".*^.' "'»^^^^^ About 4 miles from the south point of Long ^'^''i\Z'^,^Cr^\^^^^^ Harbour, the entrance to which is ^etw^^'" '^«"«Jj''^°j,'^t^2^^^^^^^ »>ppo8ite the north end of the latter : the depth is from 10 to 22 fathoms, rockjr **"souTH HABB0URS.-L,7//e South Ifarbour lies one mile to the westward of Ottlo HarCu ; and It has several rocky islands before it. ^^-^T'^lfi^^J^^,^^^ n.ust be left on your starboard side, excepting one, on either side of which is a sate TssLe of 16 fathom water. On the east shore, within the islands, i. a .unkea . fock^about a SleVlc4lh from the shore, which generally breaks. Neariy oppo- luf^n the west shore a^e some rocks, about half a cable', length from the shore, that show aTon^'hSrd ebb. This harbou.' is about H mile long, near half a imle \ wide, with 7 fathoms, good bottom. j „f t :«»1a <;mith Harbour • ^ Great South Harbour is about a mile to the northward of Lttle houth «ay'x»"' » there if nolngS^i**^^^ -»* *«»' '^^ "^'^^ »' '"^ «"*»'* anchoragem 6 oc ' '^^^ westWd of Grbat SouthJ^arbour is Isle au Bor^x; a high rb^od jiiNid near ^ne main tneeittto^ fa ;... ^ CV .C, %^...; I h t N.N^ IjnH^fr^ »■« »»» r^ /; .1 ■ i ■ fc*u .! J 10 . • . ■"t »r t "'°""'''"" ''""■•'!!"- ™.tt:';L""" ^"'' ' " •- »"«"' -a-f a • Ltfi/e Sand,, iL.h ,- " ^^^^^ '•^^ 6 l.S.h. 4 mile from /'«.».« -an,l« . w r . = "<»»r<. IS .o safe anchorage.. The harbo.^ o G^rea^P^^^ ^'^'•'^**^' '» ^hich 'Se c P..r .d.se and is fit for boats only. "*' ^""^"^'^ ^'^^ '« the west,.ard of Clo ^roinMatricot Island to CWA/i/iLw/*!. . Sound, Mhichexre^dN. E. by E TZ"^ **'*'*'T -'^"^ " *^e «»«'-anco of Partdi.e -.c, .ate, and no .f. .n^^^^-;, ^II^J^S^S^^ »'-«'> ^^5? Oo« >v f ige in 7 fadidms •oad. Thcsoii»h N. di^tancu 16 '•PS ; between in g from 4 to 17 •es about haff .i ^rasheen l.siand. ' llarren Islunil htn there arc 6 vard of Great ) good bottom. 3 wattr, which ml, which lies ^•oin (ho West a remarkable ytilen Island^ s CltUUeHur- athonis water. t,a quarter of rom the north f^> and about ih'ch there is lying before lies the wost by K. more ban 2 milos. r, butamull, re on boani, rocky point Jagucsfrom He without / miles from ^ st point of le larboard bich there J of Little gues: this le main Is fatfaoms r I rParddite (fith ver/ Out 1 PLACENtI* BAY AND ITS HARBOURS. U 'I One mile to' the westward of Paradise Sound lies Petit Fort Harbour ; a Tcry •ood harbour, hating in It from 14 to 7 fathoms water, good bottom. The entrance is more than a quarter of a mile wide, and lii s S.V.. 6 milos from the sonth point of Long Island, and N. by E. 'i\ n^les from the noi I h point of the same. 1 here is no danger in going in ; and the best anchorage is on thr stur board or eabtcrn side. !> b. winds heave in a great swell on the western shore when it blows hard. tape Roger Uarbour lies close to the westward of Cape R >Rer, which is a high round barren head, lying N. { E. S^ mih«s from the south point of Long Island. There are several low rocks and islands Ijingoff the eastern point of the entrance. In the harbour, at a quarter of a mile wiihtn, on the western side, lies a small island ; lo the northward of whirh, between if and the main, is very good anchorage m 7^or 8 fathoms water, or farther up in 6 or 7 fathoms. r^ i t i N. NAV. a miles from the south point of Long Island lies a small Greenlslaml, which has a shoal all round t(tnearly a cable's length. FromG^-cen Island N. N.W. 2i miles, lies Great GaUotcs liar hour UamL which is a high land. Vessels may pass on either side of this Uland info Gnat GnHows Harbour, which lies one milo to the E. N. E. of the island. In this harbour is exceedingly good anchorage, m 7 fa- thoms water, on the starboard side^ just wiil^in a low stony point, taking care to give the point a small b«?rth, in order to avoid a rock which is alterDatel/ covered and uncoverqd-with the tide. -^ « » nr-w/' AiJDiE*T*E Island lies half a mile to the hnrthw.ard of Cape Judas or MuMle filandfon the west side of which there is a tolerably good harbour. At about acablc's Icngtfi from Audierne Island, to the southward of the ha^Uour, is a s.inken rock ; tho niaik for avoiding which, in coming in from the southward, is, not to haul ^n ftjr the harbour till jon open a remarkable green point on the southern side of thiJ harbour. The best anchorage is on the north shore, just within a small island. A, «<)itof rocks stretches just off the Green Point on the south shore, w^iich 4ire covered at high water. Vessels bound for Audierne Uarbonr maty pass between Cape Judas or Middle Island and Audierne' Island ; and between Crow and Patrick's Island, which are two small islands lying ^flP the S.VV. point of Audierne Island. Off the eastern point of Audierne is Ford's Maud, on the west of which is a sunken rock, about a cable'4 length from the island, and another on the eastern side, which almost always break. The Saddle Back is aii islet lying E.N.E. 8 leagues from Corbin Head ; E. by N.- from Mortier West Point,, and E.S.E. ^E. 3 leagues from John the Bay Potnt. Between it and the main af^ a great number of rocks and little islands, which render ' this part of the coast very dangerous. A chain of rocks extend N.E. by E. H mile from the Saddle Back. . . t Cape Judas or Middltb Isiaind is about 2|. miles in tength, and a in breadth, and lies li mile north of the Saddle Back ; on the south end of it is a rohnd bill, which is callecl the Cape. Between this island and the main are a cluster ^f islwda and low rocks, with a great number of 'sunken rocks about ihcm, called the Fw< Islands, the innermost of Which lies about one mile from the main. / . ^, 'j'wo miles to the/N. N.W. of Jbbn the Bay Point lies John the Baif,j in which there is yolerably good anchorage^ with about 8 fathoms water, sandy bot/tom. FronTjohn the Bay Point to Mortier East Uefl4, the bearing and c^istance are S.W.i W. Smiles.; Two mites S.W. b/W. fio^n John the Bay Poiitt lies Rack Harbour, not fit fot shipping. Betweeii lick^two sunken rocks, nearly half a mile from the shore. '" \ ' / MQRTIER BAY.— Two miles W. S. W. from ilock Harbour Is the/entrance intp Mortier Bay ; at the entrance of which, on the west side, is a small ha/rbour, called Bobois, of only 9 feet water. The course into Mortier Bay is N.N.E. for about 2 miles, and in it there are from 60 to 70 fathoms water, the latid on ea^h side being ^•^ ---^ ' • at«HTd ab'»Mt ^ milpH, and is nearl y g miles/wide. On the J u ghi^Ujh en^ eastern skle, at about 3 miles from the entrance, is an exceediogJ/ goodTBarBdur, called Spanish Ropm, iik wbich vessels may anchor in froni 4 (q 6 fathomi water, good g^round, and secure in aU winds. There is noi the least danger in going into this ■■■■'■■" ■■"■''" »"'"-.^^"-- harbour, N A , ._ v_. ¥ I ■ I' 'J: it .^- 1 .1 ilF /- J i2 ho b 5^ "<« ^ ^^^ 'TS IIAHB0UR8 an«l r«!»J /""*»'■* core, calMJa**/', ♦ 'Ini'ie from Mort cr ""ly danger in pasaing (« "he no.''-"> ^"^ "'"" °" ■''""' '''''' "' '"" ''1"^" '«" "1. f n' """"'•"' "' I'O" Island! voulfll. ■ ■"/ '"°'''"« *'"'«" W"" Head' ftom Iron Is|.„d. """^ "* « fa"'-"' "» », «l.ich bear. S. S. W. t,n. .nil. Or^:B:^f,J^r' ""'"»-" '-'- »f • -"a rron..he^^„„„». pa,.., .t"H....d.,..„,,;„,„-'.^i"-.,^^^^^^^ qnarlerof a mile fforLuSm^^LT 7^^^ Cat Island, indN.E. by E a Island in fro« 12 tpTs^JSr^TsfaZir ¥'^ '* ^"-"^'^^S f **? Core. The course up jo it, aftrvou .r« ^^^ !S ^'■*^* '^""'" ""'^''""•- « ^-^ <^ani.IeHide: in e^yipg^p, kSi .hli^f^^i'i'^ .1 Ms about a quarter es t shore on bo^i ip^^^^nT^Siit k bible** lfeo«h ... .. ...to \ /■ larboard hand, %, ae (ho 011- hird of (ho dis- iver, and on »g wca(her. ir is the S.K. lorfh part oC f Great and' Island ; (ho vhinh almost rock, above Wes( liead' on which is wiih safety e a cable's (he rocks; Island and' I A fadioiDft '. one lijile st part of id near its •m Corbin ind Little from tl^e by e; a ">, iron! and. id j a'tfiurin Dur is in f- to, the ijuartcr jaT6id it. liiiigth to \ CAPE CH^PEAU ItOUOE TO CAPE RAT. 1S» (ft (he S.W. hf Harbour Pointy which is ronnd and-^ccn, and of a nioA^rate hci^, joined to Great Hurin Island by a low, narrft# sandy neck. liurin llay i> about 0119 mileN.N.K. bf liittle Uorin hland ; it ii dear, aAd nboHt . mile wide every ^ay : here ftliips may occasfonally anchor, aixl lie iil*HMt land- Ictcked. In thii» bay are two iolundi, one called'Poor Island, inw and barnn ; the o(hcr lies to the northward, before the entrance of tinrin Inlet, and i» high and woo«fy. Bi/iiiN Ini.et may be entered on cither side of \hc island ; it extends np 6 miles j a little uiihin (he entrance on the east side, half aicable'M length from (ht; shore, !«( a rock covered at three tpiarters Hood ; and 1^ m)lo frotn tho entruntv, iteur (h« middle, is another rock, to the westwatil of jivhich is,gc«d room, and good anrhyrnge,. in from 7 to 15 fathoms. There are 15 fathoms; in (hecntranre; vnd, in tho middle, two miles up, 15 to 2J fathoms ; and thentic up to the head are from 10 to 5 fatliomii. - ' The east passage in is between Pardy's Island antl Iron Isianil ; but is not safe Mitiiout a connnandidg gale, and that bctwrnn the N.iN.K. and S.K. Corbin Ilaibour is about a mile to the northward of Corbin Head, and is a good' harbour for small vessils. A quarter of a mile eastward from this harbour, and t«to cables' length from the shore, is a sunken rock, of 5 or fl foet water, on whieh the* sea breaks in bad weather. Vessels bound for *thi» harbour must also avoid a shoal of 2 fjih.jms i*rafer, which lies E. S. E. from the sonth point of the entrance about half a mile. The best anchoraad:iahd» between, which form coves, but afford no shelter. Thb coast i# deai'of rocks ; and there are 30 fUthoms water dose to the shore. ..J From Sauker Head to Cape Chapeau Rouge^ (he bearing ami distance aneW. «I8 rmles ; between lie (be harbours of Great and LiHle Si. Laurence. I The, harbour of Little St. Laurence is the first to the westward of Sauker Head. To sail in, you must keep the west shore on board, to avoid a sunken rock, wmch lies a little without the point of the peninsula, which stretches oSf from (he east sido of the harbour. The anchorage is above the peninsula, (whidi shelters it from tho sea^-winds,) in 3 or 4 fathoms water, a fine sandy botion. ^hips may anchor wiihuut the peninsula in 12 fathoms, good ground, but thid place is open to S.S. £. winds. . The harbour of Great St. Laurence, which is the westernmost, is elose to the easii- ward of Cape Chape^u Rouge. To sail in, you should be careful with westerly ,. particularly v^iih S.W., winds, not to approach too near the Hat Mduntain, in ordec to avoid the flaws and eddy winds under the high land. There is no danger but what is very iiear the shore. The coUrje in is first N. N.W. till you open the upper part of the harbour, then N. | VV. The best anchorage for large ships is before a cove, on the east ^ide o^the harbouf, in 13 fathoms water. \ A little above Biiie Beach Pointy which is the first m the ^est side, yoa may li^ only two points open : you may anchor any where between this point and the point of Loic Beachy on the^ame side, near the head of the harbour, observing timt, close to the west shore, the ground is not so good as on (he other side. Garden Bank, whereon are from 7 to 16 fathoms water, lies about half a mile off Little St. Laurence, with Bi ue Beach Point on with the east point of Great St. Laurence. CAP£ CHAPEAU ROUGE, orRtl) HAt, to CAPZ RaY. Perrtfland Head lies W.S.W.:dhe mile from Cape Cbapeau Roage; it is a.high rocky island, just separated from the maiii. » '' — W. N.W. a miles from Ferry tandHcadj l i es th e Baif of Ldm, Uk fh6 bottom of Which are two ftidall hilets^ eiilied Grm iidfl LitrktuUh. Little Lauols the eiMtern. most, lies bp(;n to the^. W. tidds^ ttnd therefb^d U 116 pitied to Mcbdr ]&< GrediLteM r^\ -■s^t! ■> ^t^vUMjL^' } f .1 1 f' ' ' ' • r / r 1 •^i u /\ CAPE CIUPKAU ROVCE TO CAPE RAT. IT i-v II llei ill aboul N. E. bv N o mii , M.stern7.oa.«„don,erino,torZ^^^^^^^ „„t far from the .horo • .h« '0, or IS, fathom, »a(cr. llh,. IT 'i. '" "'*'"" »W|» of aov b»«k!^' • „ LA^GLEV or LITTLE MlOrTPT Aw ^ fathoms on it. Pctcr'8, with a passage about? 'mi|p/i?,K ^""^''•J' '*'''««' '^es to the N W «f «, on a Ho. .andy b»(«,m. '' * ■""* *• ""i ««>l.»ard of ifi, ™ '7,yi:- -fr- -tltc^wtwee ^ s^ST^r^Sm^^ mil ■ X 3 (athoffis. Mi^ qiicloft *. » from 14 to 5 l^h lies about a aat side, about 'wn, and open ho shoro ; (ho oni Ferry land "ck, whereon » about those '^un Islands. the westward 8hor«, called agues; there fanddl^ance h is unfit for ^ P'ctty high *^ecn lie the lies from the 1 Islaitds to o« niay then 'y night, »p, from Cape ha crag^jr, leady which idand, scJr mermost of rl*ourofSf. fre is a bur »»'a»cr. The Tthen in 8, ingcneraj or out, of hich is (h(i about St. * is pretty Jnns water. one quar. •W.ofSt. t is about lorth end, at a little •he N.K. Ds. Mi. qiicloa PORTUVE BAV A\D ITS lIARBOtRS. 15 '«'- UNE BAY, Ac— From Point May to Pass Island, the bparirg and div N. by E. 12 leagues ; between is tjie entrance to Fortune Bay, which'is qnelon is A leagues in length fropi nor(h to tnuth, Vhd i Miqiietdn E. \ S, 3^ leagues, and in a direct line between Point May and Pass Island, ITimilcs from the former, and 19 miles from the latter. E.S.E. a quarter of a mile from the Great Plate (which is the northernmost) is a sunken rock, whereon the sea breaks, which is the only danger about them. • i There are several strong and irregular settings of the tides or currents about the Plate and Brunet Islands, which seem to have no dependency on the moon and the rourse of the tides on the coast. Sagona Island, which lies N.E. two leagues from the east end of Brunet, is about a mile across each way, of a moderate hdght, and bold-to all round. Point Map is the southern extremity of Fortune Bay, and the S.W. extremity of this part of Newfoundland ; it may be known by a great black rock, nearly joioi 'ing to the pitch of the point, and something higher than the land, which makes ii look like a black hammock on the point. At about a quarter of a mile directly off from this black rock are three Kunken rocks, on which the sea alifays breaks. i N. by E. 1 J »^psi^ from Point May is LHtle DantfdckCove ; and 2 roifes far-J tcr^ i ii I 1 1 iH ( l i WP If 6'gl;g. Pt a fs VdUUlik Ppm (#hiCb 18 the north point df ~ the coves) to Fortune Head, the brariing andt distance' are 2| leagues E.N.E.and thence to Fortune, 1| inUc S.^. hft. Thistsa fishiog viUage, and the ruad wher« ■ '- . .--"^th«"" ' !• w I I ' fj ^'oRTtyvR Bay and 'T« IIARRot'RS. the unipt ?|p hi, fl #„ in / iL ' 'it^;-^-/;.- ^''' -" "'or?;::;.,?-"- -P-*'' fo "-.r half ,h.ca.p,„, •' Pjung I.. H «, ,„ ,3„,„„,, ;, ; "^ if'.fV' W» -here there li good «nrh„r««„?«r ivorttr """?;^ '"' '^"'X " "''" ' ""' '• • «"""« '"••«"» J.nce H ,e;l;r ?S twM: ^^.f 7'^^? '^« — '• «.^.«. 1 «• dJ. 'he principal i. 6Vr«; 6^^^ IvjL 41 U.^''''.°""' «^ ""'r ^«' ^o.!,, of whi.h •hore, the oulermct of which arc ^0^^ h Vk* ''''•*'''' "' "* **« '"•'«• fr ',« ttoVr^ifr"'"" *^'-«'» "''y «nr?;S' !"« r*:^ *"'" thee rockM, French J,', *i«c«frort,thc..«H|„„,. ThJshorH bow .11. K "•.'''*'*''' McralMy wdl Hhoi.' :^ror a., .he, . « or -^trtiii^^sxi^nj^a ^ iiis! loa;:,^!'?^^^^^^^^ eo«r.e i, fi.e i, E.N.E. J E. , rock, which at a dixauco app,ms Uke\ tin ^^^^ A'8«"t» «» a remarkable bra ulH.,.oto two arms, o-u- kL.o he Np^^l^ :"•'*■• •«*'• Marbour Milleo pa; of buih is good an;horagt^ Bet Jcen^M; /''*"*''*' *" ^^^ «?»* J «* *»>• "PPer tl.. coa»U« Mcry deep. "*"*'' '**"'"" *»« -'"d/ «H«cfce. : buj^ the water •Il2ng J he width of Fortune Bay at Ca,^ mS 1« do?'^ l ** " * '''«'' "''»'"'''» barren rpck lately Mow jt, it i. twke a« Tdf W wh r?^ '""*^ '""'^ •hove ,h.8 cape the land on Imtri^ i^ljf J.!!? ?P« "''X r«»dlly be kiown; of tlie hay ,s terminated by a low blach h k- ^ 'L*^ •t««p craggy cliffs. The head bo^> fi^only for boats. ^ '^**^'"' *'«'"°«» '^^j^'h if a:^large%ond, or bar.h,r. Ijjjue Si.^^'Z^ij • ^:::::^:^^^^ no^K ^dc or the W, ha,f a #K^ • . *"*"• 'ne entrance caiiii.it k "•"» -^uw 01 me qar, Haifa .J I? " Vr ^""«" '" 8°'"« i», a. d yo!, ma "L k' " •'^ ""*" >"" "^« abreast of h ; •hdtcrcyfro„ all « iS<|,, * • >J* > **" ""*> »"chor ,0 any depth from 8 to 4 fathoms 1? ,-: .. *"' *»""■* . ^ . ' ' "^»"" """ » to 4 fathoms. :?;j:-r;g-JT,p., Al^ ^y ^*^*'»Mniti'pilffi fc^H"! ^s:^s?ss^^rogsfeES3^ ^--, •«» Quter aaother rock whiclb appears at loir rORTUNB BAT ANP IT9 llARnOUns. )7 »lf the comp,ifi^ N.K. from For- nl anrhoriiKu fw '•■'y, and N.W. I dihing vilUgu, :-N.E. I E. dri. ro •• low, wild ^oati, of which rind n.iiik : it wo miltfi from the ihoro are is Frenchman's *Wy well NhoL' Illy to Cape of ihi SO or 40 ,it M'pf aiidflliips rotn the land. 2.N.E. J E. 3 Joy. r^tfii/, wbi>re rd of (he f.iiit » remarkable rbotir Millee at ihe upper g6e are s^ic. Iter allciilong ! mentioHed, >arrcn rock. } butjiinme- be kaown; The head or bar.hiir- Ifaj, half a •east of. It • > ^ fathoms, and to, (he ire small, ho Bay de n 8 to 5 fa- iour j.and" t only for Idw water, and II*'« higher up nh ihc %U\e of iho-mnln. 8» loori as ji'aii are ahnre thrtr daiigirx, you may krrp in (he midtllif of (he ihauml, and nill o|M'n a line •pacious hnrhour, wherein )ou may anchor in any depth, fttun to 10 fathdins water, on a hottum qt laud and mud, nhnt in from nil wliuh. ^ n\ LoNO IIakuouk lib 4 miles (a the westward of Harbour \* C< water, and no anchoragii^ near the •hore. ^ < The Bay of Cinq Isles lies (o (he southward of the North B»y, and opi^osite to Ldlly Cove Head ; (hero is (olerably good anclioraKe for large ships on (He S.W. side of (he iNlands, in (he bottom of the bay. A littlu to (ho southward of (ho \t)ay of (yinq InIch ih CorbefkUajff where there is good anchorage for any vliips in 22 or 24 fathoms water. ,-' "<-; About two mjtes soUth.castviri^rd from Lally Cove Head arc (wo islands, about a mile from each other ; (ho nor(h-ei^(urnmost ia called lielle Island^ and the other yjo^ /i/aN(i/ they arc bold.to all roiilid. Between tiog Island and Lord and Lifdtf Island, which lies off (he south point of Curben Bay,i something nearer to the la(tvir,i» a bunken rock, with deep waiter all round i( ; anil about a quarter of a mile to the iio|-th ward of Lord and Lady iLiland, 18 a rock, whicly appears at low water. liande de VUrier Bay lies on the west point of Belle Bay, and N. \ W. 3 l|:aguc8 fr^ni Point i^rugec; it may be known by a very high mountain over th«k bay, wliich rises almost perpendicular from the sed, called Iron Head, Chapel Ijsland^ vhich forms the east side of the bay, is high laud also : (he harbour lies on (he west side of the bay, just within (he point fornicd by a narrow low beach, and is a suug place : between (he harbour and Iron Head there is tolerably good anchora!ge, in 18 or 20 fathoms. liande tie L'Arier Bank has 7 fathoms water on it, and lies with the beach of Bande de L'Arier Harbour just open of the west poiul of the bay, and Boxy Poii^ on «fith (he north end of St. Jacques Island. Two miles (o the westward of Bande de L'Arier, is the harbour of Bl. Jacqwes^ which may be readily known by the island before it being high at eaeh end, a.nd/ow i^ ttie middle. The passage into the harbour ia on the west side of the island, /free^^ |fom danger, as is the harbour, where you may' anchor in from 17 to 4 fathoms7 i About \\ mile westward of St. Jacques, is the harbour of Blue j^inion ; ft little to the westward of which is English Cove. Boxy Point lies W. ^ S. 8 miles from St. Jacques Island, and E.N.E. | E. 1^ ^ milei -^ ' ' " " ^^-' — ' *" ' t^fH^medefat&height; and the ine»tiMl»BPc e d~ to the southward of any land on the coast. Boxy Harbour lies N.E. 3 nn/iles from fioxy Poiot, ia wbidl tbore in VMihwage in 4 or 6 f«thomi water, fine saDdy ground. r: I' r \ i ■t BARBOUE BRITOW, &c. '«* IM .Hi, Ny th.r« i. J«o3 J^,Z,. * ?*'"' ? th. northward «f .?/. JoA«», ■Iml.. The p^^hH, o.Mhe et^ ^r'"?" < «P'h> .»MncM from .11 ^iptvlii 7, H, or 10, r«fh«n.«! " !•**" °^ *'"*='' "•"« '' «»"J -"chorage for l»rgo 4!^^f . tit E^o? j::j: t,T?t xf i^'"'- ?-">'^-^' ^ ^^^^ •» The heidlnhii'h form the ctZlZl -M . .i, • \^"^7"" •*•" ••"* ""'" o^ **'»"»«. 4. danger in aoha in is JwLo At' l i ''u* '" ' '"*''* *''"" '•"•♦r- Th^BP^ »cry good, .„d rhnuy^t wood ...0 w..,r i. l„ b« oLl, I™ '■#''"''""' "♦ ,o„ op™ ,h, h.rbo„,. h..„ op .^r;,",:;rk:'rd,-'';:?j*'''''""' •• -"" •• ^hirhlhtro i. a b!,uk \tntcli>i^^^ >^*nl Dcatlman^s //o^ Off * thcMlc.plh.Jr/from $4 '"iK^ '''^ ""'" »»«*--" '^ -d ^ n.ilet, ^^oon CoNNAioRE Bay. Front Conndigre Ihafi yihichlM M«U <.»a . « IrrrcT Poi;,/, the b.aring and .lis,a«Jar« N. W 7 V 7 mi eJ 1^/"^*^ r" ''"^''^ Bay, « h.ch eitend. about 4 Icagius inl^uul J ho I'ulh c^ IL; K T- 'T%^""^ Rock,, abo,e water, which mly be app oachll "Z n.^^^^ ^^ k^'''"^""^ but Hhat«hrw8 itself: the channel he m™, , ,hl a„X ^'' tkoro be.ng „„ Uang.r MS . ledge of r«ck» extend, a S rurthe 00^^15^" wK:k "''"'. '" ""k" "*'«''• S channel rather dangerous. •"°"'» "*"'''' '*'"*'*^" «^ "'h^r W Conoalgre Harbour is near 5 mtles above the Head within . ..«!«♦ .u llde of the bay J it is Tery small, and the depth «f wafeVi 7 fLh "^ *k"" ***" '""** i. on the S.E. side of the i.la.'.d, « hich I e. befo7oii^l?'"V t" TT '"- nearly in the middle of .he bay, ^ two "landsTrJSHl^le^'^^'^ •rnmost, are somt; rocks abpve v^er. mBB^WT l^i* *'®'*' ^I^test) island: the anchorage is in « or. ^tL;^^™^^:,^^ . '*!3S^Sr*/*'S** ^^i''^ i» ctear of wood, toPJ,,, /,/aW the bearinii and In tk nigmme, or in fog«r weather, too grvat dependence should »oi be olaced on the 'o-ndi^g. In For unelSay ; fpr the« i. more water in n..rptrts mTSl l>a^ itself* ^ nmuu NCRMITAO^ BAT TO CHALEUR BAT. If * nKRMlTAGK RAY. Wmm P4M fiUnd fn the w«t «tid of l/wif Inlmi!, th« Ih<4Hii| and (liw-inrf iiro N.K. H Mtil«« ; U Jwn-n t% (he entrance of Hermitage Hay^ wlilch •«teiiilil|4 l«M»<^ 9Ui rroio Fmi lnUnd, with ^rery deep wftt«r in muil ^■rit fir it. ' IhrmUdgf Q^v*: Is OM (N •«uth ^Mc of th« bay, •bout %\ l«-«)m«Hi tbov« Paa| IiUnd, apponlil «fcirli, mitl nmrly iu iht< middle of the b«y« He Ihe twtt Ftn lilMidi t to go Into fh» covf, Itcep iK'lwcen tli«< iRiiinds aqd thv Nuwih thorr^ wlirrc there il not Ihti Ifatil Itogtr. In the ('ot« (here is good anchofagc la 8 or 10 fiithoroa. l^oNo iti.ANo, which •rparatet th# [if'^ 9/ Deipair from llvrmit«f« Uajr, if of • triangular lorni, «l>oHt|i leagura in circMit. The w««t entrance into the Bay of IX«- •p;iir from llrrmitage Uly, Im by the west end of Lang Island. At abunt half a mil* . from its 8 W. |ifiiut, are two rocks abo»o watt'r, with deep water alNtepund them. The i>aat iiassage U ftlso f rry good, and M lietwce* the out end of Loos J#(aiid aiMl the main, rallnl the I'aKsagi' of Long Island. Thefe are four harbciiirt on the south side of Long Island, (he eaitemMMat-of— which is called OaUmHi ; the latter it bat tnalU and lies near th« cast Mint of (he iMiiiul : the brst ch;niii« •...,rv. ■ .- .1 ti- Xi' I * 9 I. MO r « ^CHAlEUR "S^ *AY f TO CAPE LA IIUNE. third - dcq) water close home t.Mu ' "'"'.."' "'"'"* ""'^ *''''"'* "^ » •""« ^i^S with on Ihc H. J e, where the i '"'"1?" '"j"""'^ "^ '^' *=^'^*'"^ ''^^^* o-c h-a^ue up plenty of woodind water ;d'a"t.:;^^"n' '" ^"""^ « *** i^ fathumsf with Inhere there are 20 fathoms' 2u ''"•^"'=*^''« «*'»"* «'•»' ".ilc up on the east side. N. VV bv W 4" " , /' , ^'■'"'""' s«""«'"'«« to the sh«re« * >^'cJe at the narrowest 'pirt fe n h ' '" '"•''''• ''"'' «^ ''^^"^ " "«'«'• »•»'' » -nile Pojnt on t^.e sonth sSl^^^l^itet^MS^ '^ '" ^° ^*'"'-' -«>- ^ '- -ody aboni^raiul n!nT 'jms?"" ''""* " '".'''»^ ''^ Chaleur ; which run. i.» . West, ,ul haVf a league /rum ;■,?« rTl\T ''^^ ^^^''^ ^*'^'^ *" "riost^arts inlet,; a..d .est 4 miles f 1 .h" Bav Zul ""'', '' '^' '^''^ ^''""^'"^ » ^-n^" lies Oar Raj, ; oft" ,he east po nt «f^h! ? ' "r '^ ""'"* '*'*'•' «^ ^"/'^ '« ««'"^, and, .n the enf ra„ee of Jhe C is J.^.h ""fK ""^ *''" '*"'^'- '« ^ '"^ '"^^^y islet ;' b^:^ fui.s in northward abo„t J^J^ " n,".:''^ \'?r^-g« °" «ach Side of it. The' HatcT dus« to both shores a ttwav\.n^^a^ T'" *'^«' ^'*'' ^eep : -ndlies in ^t^^^o'l^: TT^^^^ on this part ol^the coast, . K. by W. 1 W. 101 leagucVfrom C..H. M ^ 7' -^ -?S"'' fr"" ^«** /*/a«rf, and loaf: th.s cape n.a> alfo be known *^ TI^V. 'V'^''''' m"ch resembles a s .gar- league to »he westwaJrof t " ne„s Ll »" n^^ 'f?? "^ ^ ^'''"«' ""^'^'^ ''«» «"« distance of 10 leagues. ' ^^'*" P'*'"^ "^* ** '^« *«?> a°d may be seen from a N.wrf N.^"oU^^^::^^^^^^^^ Y- ^' !r- " """^^ ^-"Cape La Hune, and l^ing n'ar to each other and' a hn/'lh" V"''^ T "" ''«««'»b'age of barren rocks .p|.roacl.ed in the day t!m^ to the dSl '" '??',? '^^"'^^ "' ^••'^"•ti ^-^ ^^Y be li.S.E.lE.7mile?frorthpP ^^ i^^ La Uune/iies ihr/j^Aafe^^cI ^ihiH 'f,"''^' '^"^ f ' "^^ ^- ^ '^^g^^^ ^o™ Cape fathom, in circuit, withlO^^ ? ""d M 1 h' ''" ^""T."^ ^'''^'' '* '^ ^«»°»* »00 'this ro,:kanarrow bank extends oLit' ."""! ^'^'^'^''V"*''' ^o all round It. From eastward, with from 2^o 68 fll« t^."' ^''^ ^Pst^^rd. and half a league to the the channel betwee" the shore and *h/r" '!.' 7*=^^ »"'' ^"'^"j' bottom. la Penguin Islands, are 120 a„d uo I hoi o'f '"1 "''" ^f^'"'' '^' «''«'« -"^ the the same bottom and depth of water 15 n?. ? ^^'ermwddy bottom, and there is- La Huhe Bay lies do." ?Lu!^l^}.yj''. 'l?«V« ^1*^0".' t^em. »« ru 01 a mUe wule, with deep wateria most part, of it; but there .<,« ' CAPE LA.HUNE TO BUROEO ISLE8» SI •^AM U a sunlton rock which lies oflT the west point of the cntrancei nearly onc>(hird of the channel over. f^A IIuNE Harbour lies half a league to the westward of Cape La Ilune; it haa •Q island licforo its entrance, and is fit only for smiill tch^cIs. 4> Four leagu(;8 N.VV. f W. from Cape La Huile, is the entrance of LiUle River^ which is about 100 fathoms wide at Up (here is anchorage in 10, 8, and the entrance, and 10 fathoms deep ; a little way 7, fathoms water, good ground. Between Capo La Hune and Little River, the land id tolerably high, and forms a bay, whire thire are si-veral small islands and rocks above water, the otiturmo«t of which lifffN.N.E.jC 3 It agues from the Pengu^in Islands, and are calfed the Magnetic-Rocks. S. by W. I W. 7 miles from the entrance of Little River, and N. by W. i W. from the Penguin Islands, lie the Little River Rucks^ which arc just above watcr^ with very deep wSler all round th^w. 7'lie Isles of Ramea, which are of various extent, both in height and circuit, lio N.W. I N. 5| leagi\)'s from the Penguin islinds, and one league from the niain; they extoi'id east and west 5 miles, and north and south 2 utiles, and have several rocks and breakers about them ; but more on the south side than on the north. The easterit- Diosi island is the largest, and is very high and hilly; the westernmost, called CotumbCf is a remarkable high round island, of small circuit, with some rocky islands and sunken rocks ne.ar it. There is a harbour for small vessels, formed by the inlands which lie between Great Ramea and the ColumbC) called Ramea Harbour^ where they may lie sheltered from all winds, '^ The Ramea Rocks are two in number, close to each other ; (hey lie about south 4 miles from the east end of Great Rarn^'a: W. S.W. one league from these rocks is a small bank with only 6 fathoms water on it; and, nearly in the middle, between Ramea and the Penguin Islands, is a bank with from 14 to 50 fathoms water. ^ Four miles to the westward of Little River is Old Mori's /ioyii, which lies in N.N.E. about 7 miles, and is about a mile wide ; the water throughout the bay is very deep; the best anchorage is at the head, in 14 or 16 fathoms. ^ \ Muxketa' Harbour lies about half a league io the westward of Old Man's Bay ; it is a snug and safe harbour, °but the entrance is so narrow^ being only 48 fathoms in breadth, that it is difficult to get in or out. Fox Island Harbour i| formed by an island of the same name ; it lies about half . a league to the }wcst ward of Musketa Harbour; between are several rocky islands and sunken ro<;KS.' This is a commodious harbour for small vessels, 'which may ' anchor in 8, 9, and 10, fathoms water. You may go in on either side of the island, and there is no danger but what shews itself. » fVhite Bear Bay lies ibout 2 miles to the westward of Fox Island Harbour, and N.N.bl. one league from Great Ramea Island ; it has several islands io its mouth. It lies in N.E. \ N< about 4 Icag^ues, is near half a mile wide in the narrowest part, and has deep water close to both shores in most parts, to the distance of 8 miles up; then the ground rises at once to d fathoms, whence it shoaleiis gradually to the head with, good anchorage. 'Jfhe best passage into tl^e bay is to the eastward of all tha islands. On the S.W. side of Bear Island^ which is the easternmost and largest ia the mouth of the bay, is a small harbour, lying in east half a inile, with from 10 to ' 92 fathoms of water, but there are several sunken, rocks before its mouth, which render it difficult of access. Six miles to the westward of White Bear Bay, arid N. i E; from Ramea Columbe, arc two small harbours, called Red Island Harbours^ formed by Red Island,, which lies close under the land. The westernmost is the largest and best, and has from 6 to 8 fathoms water, good anchorage. In going in, keep tho island close on board, the outer part of which is composed of steep red cliiBs. ISXtESareajcluster of islands extending abogt 5 jniIcs^.on| and forming several snug and commodious harbours. They lie about 3 leagues N.W. by N.from Ramea Columbe. To sail into Burgeo from the eastward, the best pas. »age is OD the N.E. side uf Boarlslandy which i8>the aortherampst, and lies N.N.W. Ibnb Ramea Columbe : S.E. by S. fjrom tliis iUaad half «i league, is a rock, uncovered at \ '% V ! . ill \ ,^.. j|« V BUROEO ISLRS TO OKAND BRUIT. tU n„r,h rtdc of B„J, l/Jrktl-ZZ:,y°" TL'X'^Y; "/"• *"'P north poht of which iii tk<. ««* i .. ! vv. f rv. for Gramlu\ Cove, tho poini, 5„d anchor „ the co/e, iTfiZmr" a^^^ '^'»^'»"*5'['^«- ^ ^u^l round tha? be^t ^lace for large ships t^anc oV^n' ■ TXt^t oiri "'r '^ ^''' T" '•'""^''- T»ie Ij^ing near the ^c5t pojSt of Z^rhlll In^O ..fs th ^"'" ""'*.' ""*"" '^••'"^' •heltered from all iinds. To 8ali,"to Grand v'sCovLf^'"^ ^"'"' '^'l?^' *"•* keep the east point of the iHlands on board, and steer Nbvwin^ V l^l '"' *^y"*r?"«^« «f »"« harbour, and anchor under "he eaSsho;e[nJfXJ^° *''^'"^ fa-Ha. On the south side of the islands before Kln«?s Harbour rn. n..^ from Boarlsland, is the entrance into the Ha-Ha, wJfcS He s In W N W^ » mark for running upon Ramea Shoal. ' '^''^ ^'''''' mentioned ai About four miles to the westward of the Bur>reo Isles U iI.a r««# n i Point, which is low, white, and rocky • and N E bv F l-if . ^"['"'^'"'W point is the west ent'rance iito the GrJat Barrys;ay ^htein f, I ''^"^ue frj,m thi. water for small yessel,. Between the otgSXra;! h G^^^^^^^ f Tw'1 M "i? '""'^'l ^"""^ °^ *'•''='» *^^half a league O^rthr/hle 1 ' N.W J N. 4 leagues from the Burgee Isles, is the east pSn™of the ««" if r- notre: this point is so far remarkable that it rises with an ;,«„«? "e ^«y y/""" height, and much higher than the land wiJhin [ ; he we t pd^t of7h. ,1" T"**! flat, and to the westward of this are several smallTsla" ds.'The LJ ,1^^^^^^ N. about a Icaguo from the east point to the middle head, which lie betwL^J^ twoarms,andishalf a league wide, with 14 12 lo an^ a r .u ""Wfn thv •fl-ords shelter for small vessels from all winds. To sail in, kZ nearest tl* J,?* „. J*** ^'fi' **/ Culteau\w% about 2 leagues to the westward of Connoire • \i A-nih will admit small vessels only. Round the west point of Co^ttSau ^6vI?«.V wherein are a number of islands, which form several small s^tg harbou r Zht '4 Cinq Serf, about half a league from the shore, is a low rocky island w^Iifn / which is the safest passage into the largest harbour. ^ ' west^aid of FoMr miles to the westward of the rocky isLind of Cinq Serf, is thc1iarL..r nf Gran^ Urmt, which is small and commodious ; and may be known by a X W^^^^ JS";!' !^T**"" r "'''"■ 'V """'^ " '^*S«e inland, which ii the highest laTonfX the coas : down this mountain runs a considerable brook, which empties 3|fli cascade into the harbour. Before the mouth of the harbooV arTseve^al HttlXa. S. th^largest of which is of middling height, with three green hUloeks ob?t A X w^' ont th i s i sl an d l a a round r nn k. T i m»t » h . - ^ u .u ■ " . .: - - •.. . . .. ^ . ■^"UP« 3iin .4>-^" J gla nd it a round rock, prctty.h»l»Haio»e-wittCTy ci 4i^t line between the low mk and the rockjMes of Ong Setf, hJ* Iw^JUn f V V ^■' ''7iT^* GRAND BRUIT TO.tA MOINE BAT* r «5 to on both sides, and has a depth of from 4 to 7 fathoms. To the VBestward of Grand Bruit, between it aJhd La Poile Bay, lies the^Boy of Rotl^y wherein are a great many islands and sunken rocks. The southernmost. is a remarkable high round rock, called the Velumbeof Rotte, which lies N.W. by W. 8| leagues fr^m the southernmost of the ^Biirgeosi Between this island and Grand Bruit is a reef itf rocks, some above, and some/under water, but they do not lie to the southward of the direct line between the i^auds. Within the islands of Rot(« there is shelter for shipping; ^ ' LA POILK BAY*'is large and spacious, aha has several commodious harbours. It may be known by the high land of Grand Bruit, which is only five miles to the eastward of it ; and likewise by the land on the east side of the bay, which rises ia remarkably hi^h craggy hills. About 1| mile S.W. from the east point lies X.f'///« Ireland, a small low island, envirouod with sunken rucks, some of which are one> third of a mile off: north, about half a mile from Little Ireland, is a sunken rock that shews itself at low water, which is the only danger in going into the bay, ex* eepting such as lie very near the shore. - Two miles within the west point of the bay, and N. \ W.^ miles ttomLittle Ire land, is Txceeds, or GretU Harbour', its south point is low, and it extends in wardi W.N.W. one mile; it is about \\ cable's length wide in the narrowest part; and the anchorage is near the head of the harbour, in 18 or 20 fathoms, clear ground, and sheltered from all winds. Half a mile to the northward of Great Harbour, is Littlo Harbour, the north point of which, called Tooth's Head, is the first'high biuff head on the west side of the bay ; the harbour extends inwards W.N.W. about a mile. In sailing id, give the south point a small berth. You may ancho^ about half way up the harbour, in 10 fathoms water. Gai.ly Boy's Hakbouk lies on theeast side of the bay, opposit^robth's Head ; it is small, snug, and convenient for ships bound to the westward. The north point is high and steep, with a white spot in the clilf. To sail in'or out, keep the north aide on b<»ard. You mnst anchor so soon as you are within the inner south point, in 9 or 10 fathoms, good ground, and sheltered from all winds. One mile to the northward of Gaily Boy's Harbour, between two sandy coves on 'the east side of the bay, and nearly two cables* length from the shore, is a sunken rock, that just uncovers at low water. Brostd Cove is about two\miIcs to the northw^r^l of Tooth's Head, on the same |ide of the bay. In this there is good anchorage in 13 or 14 fathoms. About 2 leagues up the bay, on the eastern side, is the N.E. arm, which is a spa- cious, safe, and commodious, harbour. In sailing in, give the low sandy point 6a the S.E. side a small beVth, and anchor above it where convenient, in 10 fathoms water, good holding ground, sheltered from all winds, and very convebient for wood and water, v Indian Harbour and De Plate lie' just within the outer west point of La Poile Bay.; but they are not fit for shipping. n^ Little Ireland bears from the southernmost of the Burgeos N.W. by W. | W. 9^^^ leagues ; and lies nearly 12 leagues to the eastward of Cape Ray. ' . From Little Ireland to Harbour la Coue, and La Maine Bay, tlie course is W.N.W. ^ W. 11 miles ; between lies the bay of Garia, and seyeral" small coves, fit only for i m aj i v^ y j i ? y| p ; befor e th ese- th < -and sunkea rocks along^ the shore, but none of them lie without the aboTe course. Ia bad weather^ ^1 the suoken i:ocks discover themselves. ThSibay of Qqri^ affQrdi plenty of tiiii« ^jSSl:,y Urge eaoagh for buUdiog of shipptag.^ f,.-^!:^ ...,^.^.^.^^:^^:^^:^.:^.^^,1 : :_ . ^/ ■/. . thf- C \ ,. / 24 LA MOINE BAY to POttT AUX BASQUE. !• I TheS.W. point of the entrance into Harbour la Couo, called Roue Blanche ''otnt, (near to whirh arc nx ks abovi' water,) is tolerably hijfh, and the land near the shore over Harbour la Couc and La Moiftc Bay is much higher than ,nf other land in the vicinity ; by Ihix they may be known. La Moine Bay cxtend^s inwards JV.h. i h. about 4 miles, and is one quarter of a mile broad In the narrow »»t part. Oir the east point aio some small islands, and rocks above water. In sailing in, keep the west point on board, until you have eutercd the'bay ; then edge over to the cast shore, and run up to the head of the bay, where you may anchor in 10 or 1 1 fathoms, >;ood ground : here i^plcnty of wood and water. To sail into Harbour la Coue, «hiih lies at the west cntrai.cc.into La Moine Bay, steer in N. iN.W. be- tween a rock above water, in the mouth of the harbour/and the west shore;, so soon as you are within the rock, haul to the westward, into the harbour, and /anchor in B or 8 fathoms water, and moor with a hawser on shore ; or yojw may Meer into the arm, which lies in N.E.by E. from the harbour, and anchor in 20 fathoms, sheltered from all winds. To the westward of Rose Blanche Point, is the harbour of the same name ; it is small and snug, and the anchorage is in 9 fathoms water. jyiull Face is a email cove 2 miles to the westward of Rose Blanche Point, wherein is anchorage for small vessels in 4- fathoms. Off the west point of the cove are two small islands, and several sunken rocks. Seven miles to. the westward of Rose Blanche Point are the liurnt hlandfiy which* lie close under the shore, and arc not to be distinguished from it ; behind these is shelter for small vessels. On these islands are sunken rocks, some of which are half a mile from shore. Ten miles to the westward of Rose Blanche Point, is Conry Baif and Otter Bay, both of which are rendered difficult of access by several sunken rocks without the passage. W.N.W. I W. 4 leagues from Rose Blanche Point, are the Dead Islands, which * lie close under the shore ; in the passage between them and the main is good anchor, age for shipping in 6 or S fathmiis, sheltered from all winds ; but it is very dangerous of access to strangers, as there are several suuken rocks in both the cast and west entrances. • POJ^T AUX BASQUE. From the Dead Isles to Port aux Basque the course and distance areW.N.W. about 4 miles; between lie several small islands close under the shore, and there are sunken rocks, some of which are half a mile from shore. Port aux Basque is a small commodious jiarbour, which lies about 2^ leagues to the east- ward of Cape Ray. To fall in with it, bringthe S«^ar-L«rc ; ^80 soon J /anchor in ecr into the IS, sheltered name j it is nt, wherein )Vo are two ndny which lind these is iich arc half Otter Batfy vithout the ncft, which Oil anchor- dangerous St and west course and ; under the ore. Port to the east- .ay to bear »r the land 5. W.point, oint is low 1 the outer ', mile from :h is on the t of Road en the east . you leave I keep the -etches out are above nd, where inds: this or men of lor behind ;a lay thsir broad. broatMdo so ncir to thi> shore m to rbach it with a platik. This place has been frc* qiicntrd by fishiT.ni'n f«»r many years. (JKANn Hay lies about 1 utiles to the wrst>»'nn1 of Port ant Basque; there afo several small islands and locks in and befot-e it, (he outermost of which are not ubove a quarter of a mile from the shore, on tvhich the sea generally breaks: it is uiily (it for small vi^Kcls. From Port anx Disquc to Point f'iUrai^^c the bearins; and distance are W.N.W. about a lengue,and thence to Cape Riy^ N.N.W. nearly \\ league. Oil Point En. ra^ee, which is low, and to tiic eastward of it, arc some bunken rocks a dHle from tile shore, on which the sea breaks. CAPK HAY is the S,VV. extremity of Newfoundland, situated in lat. 47 deg. 38 min. north : the land of the cloaf, (called theSu- gar Ldat of Cape litiy,) whose summit is a little lower than the Table Mountain ; and to the nortliward of this hill, under the Table Mountain, arc two other hills, resem- bling sugar-loaves, which are not so high as the former ; one or other of these sugar- loaf hills are, from all points of view, seen detached from the Table Mountain. There is a sandtf baif between Cape Ray and Point Enragee^ wherein ships may anchor with the winds from N.N.W. to east, but they must be cautious that they be not surprised with S.W. winds, which blow directly in, and cause a great sea. The ground is not the best for holding, being line sand. Towards the cast side of this bay is a small ledge of rocks, one mile from shore, on which the sea does not break in fine weather. The best place for lar^e ships to anchor in io, to bring the point of the cape N.W. and the high white sand-hill in the bottom of the bay N.El. in 10 fathoms water ; small vessels ma^ lie farther in. Be careful not to run so far to the eastward as to bring the end of the Table Mountain on with the sand.hill in the bottom of the bay, by which means the ledge of rocks before mentioned will be avoided. - N.W. \ W. nearly on&'mile from the point of the cape is a small ledge of rocks^ whereon the sea always breaks ; and, one milf to the northward of the cape, close under the land, is a low rocky island : there is a channel between the ledge and tho cape, also between it and the island, with 14 or 16 fatHoms water; but the tidesy which run here with great rapidity, render it unsafe to shipping. The soundings under 100 fathoms do not extend above a league from fhe land to the southward and eastward of ihe cape, nor to the westward and iforthward of ft, «xcept on a bank which lies oif Port aux Basque, between 2 and 3 leagues from the land, whereon are from 70 to lUO fathoms, good (ishing ground. S.E. ^ S. S leagues from Port aux Basqrie, in the latitude of 47^ 14'. norih, is a bank, whereon are 70 fathoms. The Island of 57. Paul lies W.S.W. | W. 13i leagues from Cape Ray, in New. foundland, and E.N.E. | E. 4 leagues from the North Cape, of the island of Cape Breton ; it is about 5 miles in compass, including the small island at its N:E. end, with 3 high hills upon it, and deep water do!>e.tu all round. Cape North is a lofty promontory at the N.E. exiremity of the island of Cap<» Breton; its latitude is 47*^4'. and longitude 60^ 8': the entrance into the Gul^ of St. Lawrence is formed by this cape and Cape Ray, and (he latter bears from the foimer E.N.£. | E. distant 18 leagues : the depth of water between, excepting qear the i sl a nd <>t . Pant, i f? gPHPrall y a bove a6Q f a thom s. "^ - — THE TIDES.-^fietween Cape Chapeau Rouge and Cape Ray, in all the bays^ &c. •fhts tide generally flows till 9, o'clock, on full and change, and its |)erpendiclar rise iaabotift 7 or 8 f«et oa slfiriDjis} bat it ittflst be obaeffed that^ ihe tides are evcfjr £ Vfaere s? CAPE RAY TO COW UEAp. strong, and a( times ,,U q. ireconJrary to whit .nifi ./be cxoectTcln^ " course of the tides, and n.uch stronger at one lime t an a Unot el S! 1 • '""'?*"•" ties seem to depend chklly on the winds. ■^' '1^"°^' '"^ii"'*"- CAPE HAY to COW HEAD. /v '** Prom Cape Ray^.^^'P'' Anguillc (he course and distance aro*lV< 4 E ncarlVfl leagues ; Cape An,^.ille is the northernmost point of land von cahJoo Jlr2[- to the westward oflcape lUy ; it has high table Ian I, c. 3 Itth '^tj in t'h^ country over it. Between the high land of the two capes .he la?.d uZ^'a ml he shore forms a bay « herein arc the grout and little rivers of Coj, Roy ; I,cm or he n! X most .«, he great nvjr, which is a bar.harbour, fit to admitWellif 8 o 10 fe"; \ i'X'^l 7'^ "' ^'^^ ''l^''- '^ *•" ''""'« ""'3^ bJ approached between the two caucs \ island at the souih entrance into the harbourl on *ith ;« nnin^ .m iLT ! . «o,thward of ..he island, you will lie in 7 Mh'o^s Tdl'aHy" ^I'mr^m Z I shore : one league to the south .ard of Cod Roy Island is a high bluff poinN^,? VStorm^y P„„,. off which a shoal stretches full half aSx this point color the road aiiTthe Island ""''' "" *'"' " goo'l^ochorage all along lie shore, betwec'li F. on. Cape Anguille to Cape St. George, the course anJ distance araN.N.E. i- E VNv'Wi " T *^^r/°"" ^'^^ '^^r of St. Goor/e, which exten, i /ar ; head .4 .his bay, on the south side, round a low point of land, is a «ood harbolr ^ith excellent anchorage in 8, 10, or 12, fathoms water • the river V?-' empties itself into this head of the bay, bul it is aTt ^a^Ji^abL^^aVth.^^^^^^^ CAPE ST. GEORGE lies in latitude 48». 28'. north • It mav h» «.^i i B;^t only by its being the north poiot of the 4 of SG;'^ cliffs on the north part of it, which rise per,M5ndicuIarlTfrom%h« ,!, * ^ ' ?^* Table height, and hv R^rf I>lL^u.u,.u .: J/rn „ "'?. ^ 'f<»P ^'^''.sea *" a considi-- =«» bearing . 1 ■" ■' :^i^'_r^V VT """■"» ueiore a saoay cove a 4h«^thwwr*uf the 8feep cinirrm 1« or l4 fathoms. cove on t h e main. •nng »Qd totac. «, JS.N.E. i E. Tlcgua: top. «ed'lS«d^ S^ »• s=, . island. CAPE RAT TO COW HEAD. 1^7 Inland^ Id the mouth of the Bay of Islands, E.N.E. 10 leagues : from Rel Tslan tq Cape St. Gregory^ N.K. by K. \ E. 30 leagues: and from KetJ Island to Point Rick^ which is the north point of Ingornachou Bay, N.E- i £• 48j leagues. The land between Hod Island and the entrance into Port-avith sandy bcachoN, except one jcemarkadle high hilluck, called Round IIcad,cl09e to the shore, about 3 leagues to the E.NIE. of lied Isjand : but up in the country, over Port-a-For(, are high lands ; an4, if you are 3 or 4 leagues off at xea, you ban- not dincern the Long Point of land which forms the bay : this bay is capacious, being above 5 miles broad at the entrance, and 4 leagues deep, lying>in to the South and S.W. with guud anchorage in most parts of it. Lung Point is the west point of the bay, it is low and rocky, and a ledge of rocks extends from it E.N.E. nearly a mite; S.E. by E. ^ E. 4 miles from Long Point, and half a league from the east shore, lies Foj(! Island^ which is smill, but of middling height; from the north. end of this a shoii^ stretches nearly 1 miles to N.N.E. called Fox's Tail ; and, nearly in the middle )f tK« bay, between Fox Island and the west shore, lies the Middle Ground^ on one jtlacc of which, near the S.W. end, there are not abore 3 or 4 feet water. From the h^ad of the bay, projecting out into the middle of it, is a low point, called Middle Point, off which, extending 2 miles N.E. by N. is a shoal spit, part of'which dries at low water : this Miildle Point divides the bay into two parts, called East and West Bays. From the head of the East Bay over to the Bay of St. George, the dis- tance is a large quarter of a mile ; this isthmus is very low, and on the east side of it is a tolerably high mountain, rising directly from the isthmus, «nd flat at top ; on the north side of this, and at about 5 miles from the isthmus, is a conspicuous valley, or hollow, hereafter to be used as a mark. N.E. by £. \ E. above i leagues from Lun|[ Point, and half a league from the shore, lies Shag Island, which appears at a distai|(:e likes>'a high rock, and is easily to be distinguished from the main; and W.Nf^W. about a league from it lies the middle of Long Ledge, which is a narrow ledge of rocks stretching E.N.E. and W.S.W. about 4 miles ; the eastern part oC them is above ' water, and the ehannel into the Bay of Port-a-Port, between the west end of this ledge and the reef which stretches off from the west point of the bay, is a Icagne wide. /a sailing w, if coming front! the S.W. advance no nearer to the Long Point of the bay than 1\ mile, until you have brought the valley, in the side of the mountain before mentioned, (on the cast^side of the isthmus,) over the east end of Fox Island, or to the eastward of it, whid^ will then bear south a little easterly ; you will then be clear of the Long Point Reef, and may haul into the bay with safety ; but, if coming from the N.E. vnithbiit the Long Ledge, or tHrning into the bay, in order to liceep c1ear~pf the S.W. end of Long Ledge, bring the isthmus, or the foot of the bounta^tj (which is on the eist side of the isthmus,) open to the westward of Fox {sland, nearly twice the breadth of the island, and it will lead you into the bay -clear of Long Ledge; and whien Shag Island is brought on'with the foot of the high latid on the south side of Coal; River, bearing then E. | S. you will be within the Long Ledge : there is also a s4fe passage into the bay, between the Long Ledge and the main, on either side of Shag Island, taking care to avoid a small shoal, of 2| fa- thoms, which lies W. by N. one mile from the island. To sail up into the West Bay and Head Harbour, keep the west shore on board, which is bo|d-to, and in turning between it and the Middle Ground, stand no nearer to the middle than into 8 fathoms ; but you may stand to the spit of the Middle Point into 6 or 6 fathoms. The anchorage in West Bay is iif about 8 fathoms, and ia Head Harbour in about 5 fathoms. The IVest Road lies before a high stone beach, about 9 miles, south-westward from Long Point, where you may lie iery secure from westerly and N.W. winds, in lO or 1« fathoms M^aten ~ Eati Road M n b e twe e n goat I s laud and the flMt a hore; to Mil qp JQ it» -you should keep the high bluff head, which is about a league to the'E.N.E. of the island, bearing to the southwak of S.E. by £. | E. until the isthmus is brought to the eastward of Fox Isiand; you will that be withui the shoal called JFox's Tail, ■. :. . anil ^ ■1: 28 CAFE RAY TO COW HEAD. ,. ■' fil «' . Muir p„i„, »!«,;. .hTi; ^1 V Vd 7' "/'i. '"'; ''•"" • '"""• "■"" x"- "•« "i-'a." i,|«,uls In ,he\.o.Mk of it >a..i • Lr^^K /."'"'••'* ""^ "" ■"'"*» ''V^ho. T*...d Island, and »Wl I and nh Jh Lr ^ l^" r"'"" "'"'*'* ^^"^'••"'•^^^ *^'«"''. Bide of fhebay.and arc coiiiW frnm 1. ,. ""'^''"'"'^ «'»"h 'ie/oo ihe S.W. «nd the. AWA /C both o whrar '.^^^^ '." "^""''^" ^'"--*^^ »^''«'" . , approach not too "oir the South Hea^Iesi^^^^ «.U. «o„.h.rl> and S.W. Hi,.d, fe^procetd from «he high land .ndcr wLh * "^'"'^*':'" «"»»'' "^ «"«d -hould or out of the bay, thcTo bdni 1 datrr L k '; ♦'"•°"«'' ^ '''<^'' ^«" "-^ «»il in I«lpc of rocks, /hU;h lie hat^a mUe ,, "^ . J? ^'"V;''*^*' J*"*'''' ^xcpting a gmall irt a line with the two Shag Lc^ fn o. ThlTf ' "*" *'"' "«'*'' ?*»« K-«k. «"«! IW 5„,ne8: I^rkVrbour exld. '^^^^^^^^^ ^Y ^V. third of a mile bro»d in the enfrancc ^Wuul .k ' *"'"*^ '**" "''*''♦ "»** '» «no -ith a large ship, keep th: I^iboard' s W on btiTrUn.^'' ^ 'r ".'"^ '"^" '' on the starboard side, bearing VV.N.VV? N N W L fi v i?°' ''!.*'' * '"*" P*^"" securely from all winds. ' i'^'W. W., or N.N.E., and you will rido From Tortoise Head into York HnrlimiK «i.- ^ nearly a league; there is cood tur.i[.t r?„ 1?""° T^ distance arc W.S.W. island, wluch liJ. befiJe thf harW L?^„''"*''r^ ^"^^ "^'"' and Go..r««r', which spft, oiFfrom a low beach .^clintL^Zl*" ?""T *" *^"'^ »»*>"•» called^Saorrfi'o.V,*; there Ts X a sh L^k* k ""^^ '^i "^ Governor's island, Governor's Island, whirm^t also be avoided' tS "I ^T '^' "*"* ^"'"^ «^ Point will lead clear of it: iHailiL i„ ° ?.. ^' ^ i^^^^^ the best anchoring ground isin Jo ffthoms^ ah.nrtl ^""'a' I '"""^' P*'""* ^»»*«=''» ' Tortoise Head opel of Swo Vpoin Te^^^^^^ , groat violence. »* -^omt. westeilyand S.W. winds blow liere with Harbour island lies at the entran.*A «f *i.« -•.»!, 7 Ail. s from G«crn.ey l.land ; *, j ' S VV „L, » Si„ J!"??'' ,""* ''• ^ ^- * ^ for skipping The riJer 11..,]^', a ai„h,'^I' "ef:r.l;'/w*°r' """S " ""'" lurrow, and the ilream is so WDld in koZ. .jJ™ r . ' entrance, becomes th.* it is with great dilScul'vTlSt Ti^T^T'' '°L' *'"'"' ** •"«"«» °P »» a lake, anchorage in 8, 10, or I«™fcTh^„. *f^/' ?f'r^?."" *""" »»*Sonft Arm., ■» ige in from^'to IVfe^^ *"^' ** i«^c«€A«a»'* Cow, waVwi. i& gowi" wlwr. :=£=x=___^ — i_2__i-: — „_„____.,^^,^,,^,,,., : _ __ __ .'_ From - . "■9^ ■ .fcV CAPE RAY TO COHT HEAD. 29 / /From uerniey Island to Bonne Way, the course ia N.E. | E.'ft Imriiw, to Ca|»« k. (irgory, ami iliciicc lO.N.K. | li). 6 leiigueH to the entrance of Hutiiic Iby. The land mar the iihiire from the north Shag Ruck to Cipe St. Gregory is lov, along ivhich liu sunken roi'kh, a (|iiartir of a niilit from the bhorc ; but a very little way / Inland, it rides into a mmlntain, terminating at top in round hills. Capk St. (i KKuoii Y iii hiuh, and bi-twecn it aadlionno Uay,lho laud rises directly from the sea-nliore to a conttidorable height. . UONNK BAY may b- known, at the distance of 4 or « leagues, by the land about it, all liiat on theS.W. side of the bay beiiii; very high and hilly, and that on the N.K. bidf, u.'d tJKMico along the Bea.cuab^ to the uortht*ard, being tow and Hat; but, at about one league iulanunkeu tockb cxteiiUing i'rom it. v.^ N f ! 1 my SECT. II. ^ ncGVLF afj4 UlVEli ./ St/LAWRENCE, /..;« CAPE RAY to QUEIJEC. " , ^. The GULF o/St. LAWRENCE.* ' Till «n(ranre of fhc Gulf nf <« r .. . .. roiirt of Cape Ure.ouJ.ll^a^fd CW ^"^1^^^^^^^ W '"'"'" ^*^P^ ^"^"'»'<''« NK. latter E.N K. j K. ° "^*'»"*^" » *'«> »*>« bearing from the former to tho of 'At the Uislaiice of^ leauin's E N F f v r /-. ' .. St. PauK which htrrthrf:hilU.;L^F;/':r.^»P'' North llet the little island ........... „„,x,„ ,„t inn'c hi s unon if^ai..! a * '"owiu nun encc it "T diHlunce to ,»L-'. • . •' • "■■ t'ltlii'r Blue, rroi th« wland are W. S. W. ^ W. 1 3^ league." lhclalitndcof6W/{a«Js47Qaw/ '.h,* f p / i. 47; ip that of .rjVoWn W^i'/^iLy 47"o''''^J'''';?' -« o^t^e Magdalen., ChaleurBay,48°0'; that of the Isl.. Ill^' ''»^ '•;•"<»' »«de of the «rttranrc of point of the Island' of Zic^tti V^IT^^^^^^ 3^' *"<« ^^-^ of the we^t lat. 4»« 2^, and longir. 63" n\ Lane Gn'^^u" ^P^*"' of the tatter \\^,li, »«doJ^ntic6i>tiiu4i.o.4r. ^"PcOaspec lies in tal.48.4i', and the JV.If? 1 " " ■ BEARINGS AND DISTANCES ,>,.^ - Cape Ray to the N. side of the Bird Island.," N W 1 W C7 " Cape Ray ta the east point of AnficostirnVily N^^/'Al'^r '''• Cape xNortir to the N.E, point of the Ma.^l^i „ i , * P^' ^^^ 'inilit't or Kntry hl.md buaring H.VV. by Vv. | W. about 5 milci^ibl Thf llird HamlM are •mall, and not far Munder: in the pussaf^e wtwte* tln^|ja a rocky Icdite. They are of moderatn heiifht, and white at top. Xli||purtleriiiJH ii (he IdrKCHt, from the cast end of which runa a smull ledge of foeki. HetlMn theio iilandu and that of the Itle of Urion, the depth of water is from 4 » lOTa. thoinii ; u iiilhiitnt depth fcir any shipn : yti it it Kt'nrralty rocommrnded t* pa^s (u the eastward of the Bird hUnds, aalcsal, of a moderate depth. To the northward of the island, near the main, lies th« Mingan and Esquimaux htatidn. The westernmost, called Mingao Ikland» bears from the west point of Anticosti N.E. by E. distant \0{ leagues. The settlemmt of Mingan is about 7 mihs I'l.N.E. from Mingan Islaifd. The harbour, as showa in thej)ar(.iciiUr.pLauo.n. the Chart, is between Canatschon Island and tlu main. There is good ground in it, and from 9 to li^ falhomS, where ships may He rer/ securely in all weather. There is iiliewise good aiichotagfl.»ll within the faroliot; an«i other inlands, and threat plenty of cod-fish. It apbears to be very convenient foreal, and Nulmon, fishery, and has the additional adtantage bfa..lefel good soil, and profitable Indian trade. The tide flows h^re, on the full and ctianige^. at 3 o'clock, aud commonly rises about 10 or H feet; but it Ttries much accord- ing to the weather. \ \ From Mingan Island to Esquimaux Island, the benringland disfknc^ are, E.S.E. i E. leagues, lilsquimalix Island lies about three-quarters of a mile from iHsqui. maux Point, and frSm this island to that of St. Genevieve^ irhiiih is the easteinmost of (he ran^, the bearing and distance are, K S.E. | E. leagues. Nearly mdway between lies the isle of St. Charles, within the east point of jwhich there is go«*i' of w iid, wlim Kot a «nt(li* ohi|i could nnHwrr III h«'lni.->Momv drove on-huint r^rh othi-r, uiid it via% mi wifhont miuh drfficulty that grout m ich i-f wiit prrvi-ntcd/ by Ihclr ronning foul of i>»c-h other, in cndiavourinif lo avoid (hi* dungrr of driving oi^ \.\w sh'itli. On 'he 4ouih »ide')iore, called tliie Razadc l.siands: they Ij/at about 5 leagues from Hie aiid 'J froni Basque. At about a league ondoM^f \)^S.W. from the west cod of Bic, ilea the Akides Rock^ havij^g^^tny^iTleCnruirer it, and on which the slitp of that namestrKck in the year 1760^ Wieo passing to the southward of Hie, steer W. S.W. J W. in and lO to 18 fathons; when almost Abreast of the Kazade hlands steer VV.S.W. and you will havcfrom 3() to 33,. 31, and 20, fuiiioms at hr>th water, until abreast of the Isl« of B«<|» ab^ivc water. 6Vff«M Itlami Iks about 9 liaKuea W.H.W. from the Isle of Uaiqtie. OlT the N.JR?* •nd of thil«^ ward, whose linU s aris jet lni|)iifec«ly known. From ahreant of (Jrcen Ixlaud yovk ^ will si-e the east en fathoms almost close to, the rocks, and foul ground. FropTa little below Green Island, till you ore near the length of flare Island, there is a constant and very stimng ebb j' occasioned by the great discharge of the Maters from Saguenay or Saguna river; and even at the east end of l|are Island, the flood it nut of mure than four houm continuance, and runs so weak, that, if it blows but a moderate gale <»f wind westerly, the ship willnot, renif to it. lo sail, ing up, it is necessary to keep well to the sbuthward of lied Island, and to the westward of it, before jou cross OTer for the east end of Hare' Island, to avoid get. ting into the stream of Ued Island ; for, should it /all little Wind, the e^bb.tido would set yPotity-i TP^utS'*'.^-^-^' B^ueWand.W.S.W.iW, from the shoidat the N.£iendof6reei Wand, a,W. 1 8. and the shOal at tbt West end of the same island, N.B. i E. F -<( There I I, 11 ,j!9 ...^ S4 ORE^ir fSLAND TO THE ISLE OF COUDnE. "There is no anchorage to bf found between Green Island and Red Island, anil ihcnte until you arc abreast of tVhite Island: it being all rocky bottom and deep water, and the ebb.tido here runs at the rate of seven knut9 an hour, and sets from the north .s| ** From Cape Si. Roch all the way np to abreast of Goose Island, towards the south shore, the water is shoal and the ground rough. For, although the anchor will hold well, it is very bad for the cables. ^i Abreast of Goose Island there is good anchorage in, from 8 to 5 fathoms, soft lipttom, opposite to, and a little below, the farm.houso. There is also good anchor- age abreast of the house onCratfe Island^ in to 5 fathoms at low water, soft bot^ torn, at about ope quartjer of a mile from shore. " Between Crane Island and the west end o( Orleans Island there is good anchor* age all the way, in from 5 to 1% fathoms, soft bottom.** Green Island to the Isle of Coiuhe, Between Hare Island and White Island, there is>a Ifjdge of rocks, as rcprcr- Mnted on the Chart, and extending at least '2| leagues from the cast end of llare I^and. This ledge is dry at lowwater. In advancing from the upper end of Green island^ steer for the Brandy Potl^lands ; but from the upper end of Green Islandi steer W. by S. to avoid a bank of feet water, which lies about east from the east end of Hare Islandi with this course you will have 18 fathoms at a little distance frjom G ik.wi|h AeW eii^ if iiare Island (between it ao^ Brandy Pot Island), and a white hout^ an the sputh shore. ^.**i- '^^ w THE UIVEIl^T. tAWllENCE, UPWARDS. 35 •liorc, nc?ir the river side, almost shut in wUli the i:ock8 ot; the east end of the N-K» Pilgrim. ' . 1. V 1 ir 41. Tliongh the strong flooi'.-tide here will set you very fast towards the shoal off tho S.W. end of Ilarc Jsiland, yet be Tcryt cautious how you steer Hrour diip to the Wdrft- ward, because the water shoalcns vcfy much ; but haul up to the southward, and you will directly iret into 6 or 6 fathoms, the aforementioned white house being just in a line with the rocks off the east end of the N.E. Fdgrim, and White Island just open of the east end of Hare Island j it is shoal near the N.E. Pilgrim, therefore it is not proper to come too near it. Being above the N,E. Pilgrim, you may ap- proach the others pretty ncar,^iVd steer away directly for the great island of K*- mourasca. which you will see about S.W. from you ; and all along in this direction you will have regular soundings, from 10 or 12 to 14 or 10 fathoms, till near the greatest and north.easteriunost Kamourasca; when abreast of it (and very near), you will have very deep. « atcr *, but at some distance is a very good bank to anchor < on, in any depth, from 9 to 14 or 16 fathoms, and gpod holding groood. To avoid the Middle Bank, When steering up from Brandy Pot Island, to which you may pass very neair> iteer along by Hare Island in such a manner that you may see White Island' open within Biandy Pot Islands, between them and Hare Island. Keep along in this position until you have a inoifhtaio brought in aline with ' ** '°* ^^a^c* 'ies to the Westward, about S. W and N.L. and the eastward about East anU West. Near the length of a cabU farther out, are 5 fathoms at low water. If ' Coiidre Island ^0 Me Traverse. \ i ^ ST. PAUL'S BAY lies to the N.W. of Coudre Island. The tide, both ebb and flood, sets into this bay, which is shoal and rocky to som« distance off, whence tho French hate given it the name of the Whirlpool • so that, when passing either up or down the river, it is proper to go as near the nu f as yoii can, t^; keep out of tho contrary current; and, for the greater safety, it is proper to butfy the end of the ledge in about 5 fathoms at low water; it shoals out afterwards pret«n the south shore near the Kamouraseas. whicl^ must be 'brought about midway between Cape Goose and the N.K. end of Coudre, bui a little nearer thtt island than the cape : either of which will lead you between the r^cf and the whirl- , pool. If you find that the tide drives ytju towards the reef, andjthat you^ cannot avoid it, be sure to anchor so soon as you shualen your water to 7 fathoms. If you • pass it in about 8 fathsms, which is far enough off, with a breezej of wind to com- mand the ship, youwdl then be much nearer the island than tlje main land, and when you have passed it, you will have 16 or 18 fathoms at a convenient diittance from the island. ^ , j There is a shoal or ledge of rocks off the north shore all the ^f ay, from the W. point of St. Haul's Bay, or Capi^vRaven, to^CapeHog, which ii^ about a league above Cape Maillard. This shoal lies not a great wii^y off, but fartjher in some places than in others. In coming away fronvCondre, and sailing up the river, it is proper to keep three capes, which you will see to the westward, ppej^i «ine of another all the way from Coudrcj till you pass the little river 8ettlement,W tin hnu^ihe church of it to bear N.W. by N. here is a very rocky bottom, and then biggins good ground. From the anchorage at the meadows of Coiidre to Cape Tormojnt, the distance is nearly 8 leagues, and the shore forms seven capos, each of which jis split at the top. The course is about. S.W. \ . . There is anchorage \n 16 fathoms sand and mud, with Cape JMaillard, disiance about \\ mile, NiW. by N. the south part of Coudre, N.E. \ E.Jand Pillar Island, S.E.1E. - \ . j . ' There is also anchorage at about one mile from the north shoijc, in 9 fathoms at low water, sand and mud, with the following marks :-7-Piilar Inland, in one with the rocl^y islet, called Ihe Neptune Rock, bearing about E. | S. jCape Goose nearly in one with theS.E. part of Coudre, Cape Torment a littfe op0n of Burnt Cape, and Cape Raven just open of Cape Maillard. The Neptune Ru(|k has about half a cablets length dry at low water, and is very craggy; it is never covered, although the sea may break all over it in bad weather ; it lies above 2 miles S.E. from Cape Pt#. The nest shoal is Burnt Cape LedgCy which lies off Burfit Cape, forming a channel between of little more than half a mile wide, with 8 /fathoms water in it. By keeping nearthe^ore, you will be in no danger in going thJough this channel ; a leading mark is the highest of the broken clitrs on the north sbore within Coudre, on with the N.W. end of that island ; and when abreast of Buriit Cape, bte careful that you do not shut in the N.E. end of Madathe Island witb'th4 S.W. end of Rot island. . * / ■ ^■.; ■ . [ • The best plaice of anchorage, to wait in (or a wind,, for piusing through the ■ 4»4w-l^athoms, -4nuddy-groundy-at-a"quarter- of a leWufr^foi with Cape Torment bearing nearly W. b/ S. . i. ^ DIRECTIONS \ warcH about li uf a cabU )th ebh and whence tho. either up or out of tho end of the lually. Tho Ootise, is a y'ouwiil see bo'bruuc^bt e nearer tho 1 the whirl. 'ouT cannot IS. If you id to rom- land,'and nt diiitance om the W. t a league ome places it is proper inother all the church od ground, distance is it the top. , disiance , ar Ibiaud, athoms at one with )se ncarly ri^t CapCf }ut half a although rom Cape rorming a ater in* it. channel ; I Coudre, (B careful I of Roi >ugh the ' th tt la i w ly^^^ ;TI0N8 f lUECTIONS FOil THK TRAVERSE. 37 DIRECTIONS for passing the TIIAVERSE. , Tub ^v.yf Traveiise. — The Traverse is tho most intricate part of the naTigation of the rivor Si. Lawrence, and is now more slictal tliau formerly. The greatest dif.^ *idgt; of this li-dgcare very uticertain, for at one cast .you may hA*e 5 fathoms, and before yon can get another bo on shore. Being past Burnt Cape, or when it bears N.N.E from you, haul OFcr for the Travorse. If the pointii of the shoals arc not buoyed, which for greater safetjr should be dono, observe' the following marks :.--on the south short*, far inland, are the summits of three mountains, the south The Island of Orleans is nearly 6 leagues in length, from its ea^t to its west point, and lies in the direction of £.N.E. and W.S W. : its breadth,>at the widest part, which is abreast of St. John's Point, is 4f miles ; from its cast point, the shoal which, with * The passage of the Traverse Is now much lesi nwd than foraerly, as Bhlpplng moie generally go. np through the lioath Ctaanlnel, for which directions are given hereafter, from Qaebec downwards.' See the large Chart of the River St. Lawrence, constructed by order of Adnural Saunden, new «ditiea,M810f which no oa« should b« withov^ why aaviga^ei tbiy river. ■^ ': " ■ ■ .:-■-■,:■■- ^- '■■.;-■■■ ■'■ ■■■; ...-'■':■-'■■''"':■ .■';:■■,;■■. Burnt.. h I J I. ^. "^MK HIVER ST. tA^URENC|^, DOWN-WARDS E!N"K^3f„,nl*'' '**""' ^^^ narrow pass, called the New Traverse, stretches olf H^lZ^anA^hl^^^^^ i''^''"'' "•« ^'^""« and distance ai^V.S.W. Fvlm sjf 1 I . » *° '^^"2; ^""•i'' ^^•'**» * "tl«« southerly, nearly 21 iTwUiS. n,lle ?rl Vh^shorl ?ff O I'* '^"'"' ^'- '■SV*'"^"' *"'''« » "" "»"'?«' ; and^'^l^out a "ate;;T,ckrgrouVdf - ^"" ""' '"'''' «' ^' ^"» '^» ^«' -"> '8» ^«^'-»» From Point St. J;»7«"ce wMt*r|ird,_ you mnsf, in order to avoid the Shoals pf nearer Hole at»d the Wm» nnint »r n i v '*"«''**» *»"«cn iie Dciwecu.s^ A'airick^s Hole iTe soutirsJLrirft nr?n f T ^"" i"*^ ""*^'»"' ** three-quarters of a mile from Tnd the ;lt tfointVf O^. ^^*^T\fl^^y 8'''*""^' ^"'' 1*°"'* ^'y bearing W.S. W. forZZT^Vi ^""'T.' ^-^L?* * **' y"" ""^y P''«'^««'» «•»'• the tide directly ironid A*n "ir "^' T' ''.'" Vf?>'*' '^'"8*'' "' "•« *°^"» "' 15 fathoms, muddy fv?N.W i W. ^'"'"""''^'''-•""'S S.W. by W., and the JV.E. end of X/ar*ei W/^ TIDES in the RIVER St. LAWRENCE. (• ■! I I hai?;n wLT^ irif ?7'%*I?5'^°^^'^" '" *^« river as follows : at Quebec " of cLr^ atT fhi tV '''' "^^"^Jf"** at 8^ at Cape Maillard, at 7 j th^ Isle Island at 6 . fh' «• '^•"r"""'' *' three-quarters past 6 ; th« Pilgrims and Hare N B Prl r ^'* »ll!;'«l-q"«['ers past 3 ; but hero it is no^ regular. At the is^ of r^'I'!?"^^"*?'" *^f ''**"'■ *■*"" 4 ''««' before the tide makes dpwn. At the 18 e of Coodre, ip spring tides, the ebb runs at the ra«e of 2- knuis Tho next strongest ebb Is between Apple knd Basque Islahds The ebb of the rher Sanguina uniting hicre, it runs full 7 knots in spring.tidcs. ■ '_ " ■ ^' . ■' ■ '' .' ' «■, ' ■ DIRECTIONS ybr SAILING /rom QUEBEC, Swrrthe RIVER St. LAWRENCE. From Point Levy to Pd^nt St. Lawrence, the course is east a little northerly and the distance 21 leagues. From Point St. Lawrence to St. John's pit Zco»««anj Between St. John's.Point and St. Francis, you should keep alonir by the^SanJ In 6 or 7 fa homs, to avoid the shoal which stretches off from the wt^ end of M^dan^e , Island. When abreast of St. Francis, steer N E. bvN .Zil i^ T«hw! p • V 7 in that direction, until you have brought a little round hill, which is on the soiifii shore, j^ the westward of three remarkable mountains, aboit aihh^s h^rffifh to "it westward of the oast end of Madame, or untilthe east end of thcteflcVumost of the three aforesaid .fountains comes on with thd east end of Rot Island VVhh either cL^tT """tJvp'/"" "^^^y proceed towards Cape Torment ; andV when Burnt Cape bears N.N.E. from you, you may steer towards It, and pass it tcrv near lo avoid Burnt Cape Ledge, that lies opposite to it. »"» pass it t^ry near, to . Having passed Burnt Cape, steer along shore for C«do MailLird • andK:„ c»ii:n„ iorthU'n^f rf'^^'r •bout a league off. fiSm the N.m part orCo.5rThe north ca{)e ofjhe Isle of Coudre kept abput a cable's lengt|i ^1« of Cape Goose h a eadiog mark to carry you^dearof it and, if the. wei^her^ clean ?^^^^^ Whw^ ," vl" *'**' **P^ f***" «''^W*»» f H te«*you betweS.4he RMf m5 the l^?*vJf *"•?? ^^^^ *«^ hi 8 fatl^ma water ; but, it is WceXy to ob! «em that, ehe first ebb s«to iUrectIy./n,m tKjj^iai of tlii reef CardS iJ^?^ ♦ «• .J- 1 -mm '• stretches off ] THE RIVE* ST. LAWRENCE, DOWNWARDS. 99 «l> that, if you have but little wind, you shciW anchor ''^f*^ yo« 8«*T'*'»,7 *^' niilesof thi reef. At half-cbb the tide runs truer through the channel. If yo« intend to anchor, you should, so soon as you.get to the eastward of the pmut of the reef, haul up for the Meadaw,, otherwise you will not be able to get »o good ^^Frlt Coudrc to the Kamourascas the courseand distance arc *^N.E. 6i,lcaj{ue»* When you arc abreast of the great Island of Kamourasca, you may steer N.L. \ L. fo» the P iK t'ki"g care to give the N.K. Pilgrim a good berth to avo.d some f^l ground which lies ortfroni it. When you hare passed the P.lgrlm. y' " ^"^'JP along shore;, in 6, 7, or 8, fathoms water, to the '^"^^'^"^"V L^ o^ ™id* and, when the east emi of Hare Island bears about N.N.W. haul «»» N.L' or m d- way between the R^dlsimd and the west end of Green '*'«"^' °''"«'^\VV.trnn„^^^^ i^aJd, «r eastwani, according to the wiud and tide ; as the ebb tide sets strong m. between Greeii Island and the south shore, but the flood tide is v^'X .^^a'^' Fr^m abreast the west end of Green Island, at the distance of 2 ,7'«» JT . *' *" abreast of the hie djL Bic, at the distance of 4 or 5 mdes to the north ward of it, the cpurJe Is about N.E. by E. i E^and the distance about 12| leagues. When you have passed the Isle of Bic, it is best to haul in for the south shore, m order to avo^ the ^Ianipoua|an shoal. From the /»fo ^f Bic to Cape Uat, the distance 1.32 leagues. ;, / ■ ; '^.;; - ■■ DiRECTrONS for the SOUTH nwcl IBERVILLE CHANNELS, from St. JOHN'S POINT 0/ OKLEANS, (tonJiia>ar(/5. - There is a'ledge of rocks lying oflF the S.W. end of Madame, stretching about 8. 60 deg. W, from it. These rocks arc very dangerous and dry a* law wa er. !• ascertain when you ar6 at the end of theip, and that the <:hannel is al clear oh- serve, on the high land by the water-side on the south shore, a windmdl and thre* / » ^ ^ .■' . . .1 ' ^ /iK« o..»^ *k«.%a nwmnta^iH tsikn notice •Coitinoe your irourke towards Bell Chass*, till Bot Island comes open to the sonth, ward of Madame about 2 ships' length j then you may steer directly f.)r the south part of Crane island, tli'e channel being fair and open, until near Quatl i otnt, where a shoal begins off the south shore, which extends half-way aero., tonard,. Crane Island: to kc.p clear of this «hoaI, you should alwayi keep a part of the, Goose blands own to the northward of Crane Island. , u ai The channel is very near Crane Island, and therfeis good anchorage, day bottom, inmost parts, of It, in 7 fathoms water, excepting on the shoal last ment.oned, which bcgins/at Quail Point. The south shore is every where PrV**^*!?'*'**/'' *7 there is ileep water icry nw Bell Chasse Islands. On the north side of the channel, yi>u may run along by your lead in from 5 to 8 fathoms, until yau coine to the wMt end of Rot Island; to the Southward of which, about 2 miles, there m bank of sand,, which dries at low water ; but, as it shoalens gwduiHy, it may be avoided by keep- ing the lead going. The Island otSi, Margariie is pretty bold, ^^y''f:^'''^J\* lie OflF from it, and those not far ; tHe farthest oil is a single rock olT the S.W. end, and therefore theisland should not be approached too aear •n that q«arter. 1 ienj are likewise som^ rocks oflf Grosse Ishnd, and it ts likewise shoal to the southward of Madame, but not far oflF ; but, as it is bold towards the south *J»«yt » ■•' J^J per ttf come near thoro islaii ds. Crane I^^J» jf 'jj:*,"!^* jj^'.^V^^ It^nf, frpm the southjX'ore, yon may «tarid io the wwthwan^ •'^ **'*^***/*'"S^ almost shut in by the Jorth part of Cran^ Island, and to the northward, untilnha Poose Islands arp quite tjhut in to the northward by the^sauth part of i^owc islm*^ \. \ .^^ 1 1 ! V 1 ?'* II \ f. H r M V ^ 40 •J-HK niVER ST. lAM'hENC] or until C --» DOWNWARDS. one mile in ln,,,h wa, mot .r.d o' hf onrh" '"'*" *«'« ^-^'^ ».«/. A l,.sc"h.p J ^«'«/, by which .he l.rcvulch of ,|.c cham.ra?H I^k'* ^^^'^"'" '^'«"''' ''""«'• 'W l\.ver, wcTj, doiL.,%,,,X.l^ f rr..^ When you are iast thi ^ , -c ^..v, » oji-j III [lie vailov ovl«r fi«„ r^ i — ' ■"««.-»; auuui o jcaeues, he bvstof the channel, from ^to 7 1 f ann4 r K ""^ ^*^«'^''»» yo" willLvc .«" ven ; but not less than 5 fathoL w 1m1 fA^'*'/"''*."'"' "'^^'''•'^''d ground very wHconcarh Mdc, tiM you brr/thcwLLr"?/!' '?^"»"'S «he channel, for a tfic Paps over the point^ of Cape Goose uhr^T'. *" 't' ^'''^''"^^ »«'*'^ ^o bring kind prsonndings antt Sron,ul/ VV'hTv'ou arV^^ TvV*^" *'" ^^^^ *»•« same be brought about tw o.thirds of the dttlSl^^^ -^""'''•«». «'e Paps should ?^2/; t ..s is thtM,arrowest part of he^ha/^^^^^^ *" ""''"«»* pointof.l/a/ if thi. !'r^'"'fi -»"^-ly to 'the southward 7^ and 3?Vlr ' *° 1^ ''**''°'^« *^'*'- Of the chaimti here is ajbout a mile or a miL »n V ^ ^*'''*™'' ^ ^''« ^'»"'« breadth wayl forms a po^nt herc^ and sJ ctcho K b S 'l W;'''" '^^^' ^''"^ *" *''« «"""•• ibont 2 or 3 n.iles, to ti.e Point Qvat oi;^'^^-^^^^ '"^^^^^^d of the point ' at low water, 3 miles from ,he .shore ^ Wht n ^^ "^ *''''' ^""'^ *''«^« ^'^ 13 f«?et , ^ounta.n o„ with Point O.al; and^ to andf' \,?;h '' extremity, you wilhh.re a should be brought ^t hast a .^ilc to tlu, eas "L 1 ^^'.^''''''^^''^oJ **, the mountain bank js now denoted by a wlti?e buoy to the nil '".^?'"!: '^'*''' P""^* «f »'«« iidp, .s a black o^e. These buoys a/e extoZ ''7'\ °/ *''''^''» «" *»!« "Pposite •trance of the chanWl when thedisiantTanJ ZksV' » "" ^'''*''»«"»"i"g 'bocn- " The bank to the northwir.M« J "'^ *^*""®* ''e »«'en. f O.PS, which, in a qua :;^r„'i 7:^^^^^^^^^ r^^' ^^^ »•«« f-- 3 ^o 15 fa. keeping the Paps two-thirds of th!\r ^" ^'■°'"-^' ^» *"»! 3. Jlowever, by point of Mai Bay; as above dSectS *''^**!;'^«, »«t^«en Cape Goose and the woYt / ns. ( 5 Island, but not JXfcnds along (he ml. A liiisi'liiipor iiii, falletl lireaU Kiul oft' (he So*i(h ne Island (o St. m Its ; ami from as's Church, Ij P^ii in the ljt^->( of if* a hii(h mourir he south |)ar( of OH will have all re nt)t so,^(roiig ns, strong; rlajr, >e.Ht r'oiwl iu (he ' K. w hich you may >u are past (he miles. ■'About hich Is cuvered lown, keep (he ou arc abreast •out 6 leagues, you will have L* ground very , channel, for a est eud of St. , so as to bring have the same e Paps should it poiiitofil/a/ fathoms wa(er A-hule breud(h to the south, d of the point ' re are 13 f«^et u will,h.tre a the mountain poirtt of the the oppost(e shing the- en. 3 to 15 fa- ^ 'lowever, by nd the west bears N.W. awards N.E. I* be attempted learlyin the » are at too COASTS OF NEW BRUNSWICK, &C. 41 SECT. III. r^e EASTERN COASTS 0/ NEW BRUNSWICK, ^r. to the GUTo/CANSO, i^clAsiye; with ST. JOHN'S or PRINCE EDWARD'S JSp^^g. '■ft. ,:.■.■■''''■,•-"■*"'".' . '■ GASPE.v^AY, &c:-^Cape Gaspe lies at the distance of between 8 and 7 miles yto the si>uthward of Cape RQSier.; and Point Plate, or Flat Point, lies nearlj^ 8 ' miles )to the S.S. W. of Cape Gaspe. '^t (|ie ^stance of about 5 miles -S^E. ^ S. from Cape Gasp^t' Js a small fishliig.bank, witti 15 fathoms over it, sometimes called tho Norteich Bdhk, around which (here is, at a short distance, a depth of 58 and 60 fathoms. 7%e entrance of Gaspe Bay is formed by. Cape Gaspe and Point Plate. In thb bay, at the distafnc^ of 10 or 11 miles N.N. W. from the eiitrance, within a point on the soufhern side, neac its head, there is.an excellent anchorage in from 9 to 12 ; fathoms water, sheltered from all winds. There is, also, good anchorage with. west. erly winds off LotSUa CovCy on the western side of the bay, at about 6 miles N.W. by W. from Cape Gaspe, in 9 or 10 fathoms. Throughout "^yie bay there is deep water; nearly 50 to 40 fathoms in the middle, and 30 very near the shore on tho eastern side: on , the western side it shoalens more gradually towards the CQist. The tide flows ujntil 3 o'clock, on the fujl and change. From Point Plate^ olf which there is a little islet, called Hat Island, the bearing and distanfce to Bonaventura Island are S. by W. miles. Between lies the bay called Mal.bay or Cod Bay^ which is nearly 5 miles in width., Close to thesciiith . point of this bay, is the little isle called Percee Isle. The'bearing and distance from Bona? entura to Cape Despair are W.S.W. | W. S miles, and thence tq the north end of Miscou Island S.W. i S. 9 leagues. Nearly S.S.E. S| or 3 miles from Cape Despair, lies the sunken rock, called tho Leander Aocik, over which there is a depth of 16 or 18 feet water. As this rock ^ lies in the fair-way of ships coming from tlie northward, with northerly winds for Chalenr Bay, it must be aroided by giving the cape a berth of 3 or 3} miles. ^ The' bearing and distance from Cape Drapair to Point Maione are W.S.W. |;W. 8 leagjtaek; between these points lie the two coves called Pahou and Petite Pabou, . as'shewn on (he chart. Point Maione and Miscou Island form the entrance of Chaleur Bay, and bear from each other S.S.E. and N. N.W. distant 4|^ leagues. From the entrance of Chi. leur'Bay to that of Ristigouche Harbour, which is at its head, the distance, on a West and N.W. by W. coufse, is 33 leagues. The bay Is of moderate depth near the shore on both sides, 'and hka towards the middle from 45 to 30 fathonas of "water. ''" ■.'• ' ^ ' . — - • In Mutigot^he- Harbour there is good anchorage in from S.to 13 fathoms, land- ^ Idcked^Vbm all winds; but it is sodifficult of access, that it should not be attempted ll^ithdut a pilot. The tide flows here, on full and change, nndl 3 o'clock, and its vertical viscf is 6| or 7 feet. ' v' ' The distance from the norlb P<^nt of Miscou Island to the south point of Shippi- fan is 7 Idfegnes : the courfe is nearly S. W. by S. From the south point of Shippiaou to • *Trocadie,^th e cour s e a n d diif s nfw are S«W. by W . 4| leigne^ "Fron< TfO^liJ I iQ, Point Escumlnae, on the south side of the entnace of Miramiehi Bsy^ the codrao {fl S; by W. | W. distance 9 leagues. SECT. HI, # X MtRAr A r \, -A \y Mi. 4<2 NORTHERN COASTS OF NOVA SCOTIA, MlRAMICIlt is'tt large liarboiir^ in the moutli of which Ihoro arc several Hlan(|j«; l>o(w.di ilic northernmost of tlu-8o islands, called Walihani, or TorJa^c IhI.muI, iiiid the next to it, called Fox Island, is the passage info the hay, «hieh is Intricafu and shallow at lo\y water. Hence it is requisite torhavo a pilot. Tlie pilots' hoiiMCi hiand within Kscuiiiinac Point, and somclinrci pilots for this place may be found in theiiut of Canso. CouKiderahlc quantities of timber have been rectUifly shipped in this h:irbour. The Custonillousc is- .situate on the north side of the river, 5 leagues within the entrance. From the northern part of Miscou Island to Escuminac Point the soundlnss arc regular; and, in thick weather, the shore may be appro'ached by the lead to tin; depth of 12 or 10 fathoms, 7^^ From Esatniinac Poiut to the onlranco of Ridiibucto llurbottr^ the course and ' distance are S. by W. } W. 7 leagues: from Richibuclo Harbour to the entran'te o^ . liuchtuchy S. ^W. tif leagues: from Uuchtuch to Cocuigno Harbour, S. by AV. 5 miles: from Cocaigne to Shediac Harbour nearly thd *8amo course, 6 riiiles: hikC ^ from Shediac to Cape Tortnentin the coast trends K.S.K. \ K. and S.E. by iR \ E. 10 leagues. The harbours here mentioned are not of .sufficient depth to admit large ships for a lading. At the distance of 4 miles E. by S. from Cape Tormentin there is said to be a shoal, having over It a depth of only 6 feet. Within Capo 'J'orinenlin is the isthmus and biinndary between New Brunswit^c and Nova Scotia, the narrowest ]iart of which, from the Bay Vcrto to Cumberland Hason, at the head of Chlgnccto Bay, is only 17 miles in breadth. . HivEn PuiLip — To the southward of Cape Tormentin, at the distance of 4| leagues, is the entrance of the River Philipy a bar-harbour, having only 10 feet at the entrance. In advancing towdrds this place, when in the depth of 5 fathoms, another harbour will be seen on tHe eastern or larboard side, which is called Pug^ tcash. In the latter,^ ships drawing 17 feet load timber. ' This harbour is s4Te; but the entrance is so narrow as to require a pilot. Ships commonly anchor in 5 fa- 7 leagues; Point to Capu . . „ shcg Harbour 'aud h rederic Bay, » . P Uamsheu IlAnBOUR. — The flats extending from each shore, at the entrance of this harbour, leave but a narrow channel, through which, at all times, excepting at slack water, the tide runs with great velocity, and renders the navigation into it very unsafe, although the depth up to the anchorage is sufficient for a frigate; there being, in mid.channel, 3{ fathoms at low water. In sailiiig in, steer sou(h, •westerly, towards Grayois Cliff, giving Shoal Point a berth of a mile, until theN.W. arm is well open ; then steer for the latter, keeping your lead going, until the beach to the N.W,.9f Gravois Cliff bears S.W. by W. -j: Frederic ^AY.—^n the western side of Amct Isle the. passage ii quite clear; • but, in sailing in from the eastward, between Cape Johnand the isle, you ^hould keep nearest to the cape, j-.s a ledge extends from the isle to a considerable dis. taiice. Amet is a low island, without trees, and it will be most prudent to. keep at least three-quarters of a mile from it. The best anchorage for ships is in Harbour or Rirer John, on the cast side, in 4 or 5 fathoms, muddy bottom. Small ressels may tun up to Tatmagouche, and anchor off Frederic Town in lO or 12 feet at loir water. Here the tide rises 6 feet, on full and change, and flows till 7 o'clock. In coming from the eastward, when between Amet island and Cape John, your course toward River John will be W. by S. In passing between the island and cape, v°^. ^^H! I'.f^^ .41 fathoms, until you open the River John| on the larboard .akle. You will then hare 7^"»^ and 9, fathomsr; ^mt7"lf Doiina TorthlSTtfer, or fdTTaP" magouche, may obtaiq a pilot, by making the usual aignal. There is anchorage at* 2 miles from shore. ^ > \.----' «^.-<. THK OUT OF CANSO. 43 several Ulnnrl^; *or(a«e Isl.iiul, hich iH intricatu V. |lil(l(S* hotlNCH luy be found in '4itty Hhipiu'd iti ){ the river, 5 i soiindinsN arv iliu lead to iUii , (ho course and ' ! the entrun'.te «|y' At PuMKiDE Island, 9 wiilcs from Antigonish, sliips of any size may load in. safety. In sailing in, whe/from thc'northward, kave the island on the starboard side, keeping close to a%ck, which ^pears 5t>r G feet above water. This rock is steep.to, and lies off ^t east cn(^of the island. Without it, at the distance of three-quarters of a iiiile, lie several sunken ledges, which are dangerous. After passing the rock, a bay will open on the starboard side, which you stand into, till you are shut in with the island, where there is anchorage in 3|- faihotos wiater, at about hatf*a mile from the island. The GUT of CANSO.— The Gut of Canso forms the best passage, for ships bound to and from the island of St. John, or Prince Edward, and other places in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. H is shorter, and has the advantage of anchorage in ca? e of contrary AVinds or bad weather, lis length is about 4 leagues, and breadih more than three-quarters of a mik". Theicast side is low, with beaches, but the .west shore is mostly high and rocky ; and thit part of it called 6'a;pe Porcupine is re- markably so. The deepest water is on thdScestcrn shore; but both shores are bold-, to and sound,! excepting a sunken rock^ whiclTlics near a cablets length from the eastern shore! and about midway between the southern entrance pf the Gut and Ship Harbour. MiU Creek, PI Jster Cove, Venus Creek, Ship liaroour, Hoim^ 6'oce, and £<%VCo^, afford exeeltent anchorage, in a moderate depth, out of the. stream of the tide Jk hich gep^^ly sets in from the southward, but is very irre- '■;-"■ ■• ■ - .■ ■'■ 'l^f ■ ■ ■ ■ "■ ■ ■■' ■- :\ ■ \ . ■ ■ .. :^ M I u 44 THE OUT or CANSO; S5aiul^l"„II^^^^^^^^^^ Af(«r.trong nirth-w..! wind., ^hlch h.p. Kli I ^ ««'"«og th. f«ll of th« year, tho water io the Gulf of St Lawrence U rcn. •Ar'nr^'??!' '*i''«j'««^«^ «h«Gut on the Nof a Scotia .Ide, you m,y r«L .«' k" r '"?-'>«'^d, If it doei not orerblow. Keep (he creek o,,en and ZnoliHnltZ'l^"' 'V^tT'^ within a cable', length 'of theTt eVr'ock ,%n wUlTe ie«.^^^^^^ I*"'^''' ""**' '• *'»»' the creek'. n,ou.hopen.' It me cioe here rnns in eddle.. Yoo may water from the creek at low water. Upon entering the Gut, there will Be Men, on the larboard hand a red hoa.e the L WltL'thU ^r "r^'^^^^lr^t ''•^"y dl.tiniul.hed by the^ediy of lochor!* '^ ' "" *•*" ^*^-' '" '^'''"'*'' ^''^» where .hipping frequently rjrVn'li^:;^^^^^^^ '•' «« ^°"""^- ^- ''»• If^S^uSjtTol- •aftSn iirr""' '!.''i*\"** 'i*°"* **•■*"''* »f *•»• ^V down the^Gm, on the MBtern side, I. a good harbour for merchant-.hlpplng. It is. however, niore nar- ^^l^fV"" *^°'?.';"'"5 northward, being*. |ood oi' e" It t, 'a "er^ Z. ISriKS fn T ?L ^f ''^•'f '»"«»'»• " bound In, from the .outhwarl^^rL wheTiou tav" w„n5 *'';f;V'"*T!**'""^''"''" 4 or 5 fathom., .oft^bottom Tt VenJa^Co^!^ Th« IZI 5 ^T Pf^^^^y «"«» water on the ippo.lte .hore •t Venus Lofe: the larboard aide of this harbour i. bolder-tb than the .tarboard ml'^Li"^^'"' ""'"-K ^? **■" *"*^''^'' °^ ""- '•"hour, onelltTird from C^pe of the tw"e!' ^*'" """^ •"'*"**' '" ^' '°' *» "' ^•*''«»'°»» loo.e ground, in the .tom^S Smr. BOUND THROUGH THE GuT, from ihe north^rmi^^t^^ t with -ffety by keeping dearly in the mid.channel, there'bSnl no Tiger untU on'J .r oftaid' Z^ Ct ""!? ?^^ ^"^' ' *"•*» '"»» *'» point extend, a .?de at the dZnr« «f\S? » "?** '*T'' ^^'''' """* ^ '«'* «" *»«« "tarboard o?r !id^e%m?ere ro^'uid?y"o!!trir''' ""^ '• •*- '^^^^ ''***'• ^'••^ «- of ifMilLThthtnl"' Eddy Point, you may steer to the S.S.E. untilabreast yl'"prS ro';:!;,\rrnrtrhe^^^^^^^^^^^ •'•'""*'- ^"^ -^.•>"^- «-« »^Tr'5vl2L?r/tfJ" "'*?"'?•«" of adangerous steep rock, called the Cer^ bJSk's iltha 3 ?iu ' Vl"!**"'^. l^>' ^'^'^ "^«'' '^ "d on which the sea HSSai. or Job CanT " 'f . ""? J"'**' °' ^'•«''» '"'^Pd ill a line with Cape Wjhatbland. '^^ the Isle of Madam, at the distance of about 4| miS „ offto^alklhor/'^c^^"';: Ti**'»* "Me of Eddy Point, tfiereisa middle-ground Of 7 to 1« fathoms, on which .h.ps may ston a tide.ia moderate weather, f o the westward .-, w.. wuit;vBUip8.may siopa tide in ground there is a dcp^h of 18 fathpoii =wiBd= I eastward, of ! j^'r*.'^ "^r*' "«s j^'iiiK.7iiE^vr ';";s:yc INHA. / ^> ) vihlch hap* rence U rrii. t, at (ho r«(« r lOjf Icagnei to tho luuth- in along (he , ofTllarbour )Gu(; which I«) you m%y k open, and ep rockt, 'on ith open. It (he shipi ai a(cr. I red house, lcng(h^froin the eddy of ig frequently Kcstern tide, learly in the fficient room Gi|t, on tho t more par. a Tery pro- irdj give the til you shut oft bottom ; losite shore, le starboard from Cape the strcni^li Bed IKrougfiT langer until nt extends a le starboard > The race intil abreast rk. Hence led the Cer- hich the sea , I with Cape at 4f miles Idle-ground r. To -the yard, of 20 early west, may let go T[NHA^ ST. JOyilf's OR rR^MClb KDWARD*! ISLANP, t 45 INHABITANT DAY, Ac.-~Thq»e who wlitifti anchor In Inhabitant Dar ^ Harbour, may prietorsof(tiepresefltwork. r . Mi / ' / '•< 46 •T. JOHN'S OH rniNCE idWahd's island. until April; during which perlo.l it it colder than in Vn«u^A, •• inhabitiintt in their vnrioiii crnnlui mrn». tk ••/"'""*»*"•» «"*rlion» of i|,« rally IcI, .„,| .b„„„d. .i,„ .,„i„,, *f J ,„'!:.",;," ^' J "^"^ ' "•« "•". ry 1. «o..c. ThecoMt forniB iiiimcrnui harbours, manv «f wii!/.i. ... i. * - ?i ^''^"' *"• ""•••'^•^■•■n •«««••, A/«rrfl,/ Harbour- o i th« S K ///w" a i nu^^^jrr if ir;,r±':i;;':&:\::;^^'-- «-«-'- '"•-' a-^ i>.... thorn, water, and ih the o.h«fs from J^o 2 fa iL^ ^Ut^/r^ '[^ A'^" ^ ^*- . nin,ula between the rlwer. Brudenell .nd C ZL ^nl.Z?^''^'^''■''! ^'' Bhlp, Uo loaded timber. There it anchorMrSu* ».. r .*^ » """"^ l"'"«'» 10 to 15 fathom,, where a pilot may be obXr ' ^''^'«*" ^' *" ^'*»" MunRAY IIabbouh lie, close to the norih-we,twftr«l nf n„».r . . entrance i, narrow and thoal, difficult of accc.. and S', k!.8^^^^"^ ""'^ ,"•« ^■ifV. u*^"* ""»" "»''»''• ''»^« frequently lorderhere °' '"'""« '"°'" "'"' *^ ^^'^'^ « "f the island have bars at their entrance «Wh fromjt to 3 fathom, over then., and are not to be attempted byL^^^r^'ith^o't 8hior"o?'* ®*^.r' *"**'T' *«" "^eltc'-c'l, and ha, sufficient depth for lar»•«, &r. Iry ii gtu from and fho II 12 fovt [iM^ih ia a OH II, ill 'las «ood s'of 4(X) iiu chief ) or thu. , where I; close to r^^lhere e, with without or large of 3 or c depth •a 5 1 CAPP DRETOK INLAND. 47 The SECT; IV. he ISLAM) r/ CAin: HUKTON, uith CFIEDAnUCTO . IJAY, Ssc. I " "-■■■■■:. OF), rommonlytaUcd jMtlco,»ltuato on theN.VV. lido of Cine Breton, , o «f ihr (;(it (►f i; itiKO, Imiwecii Cupe St. George and Henry Il{i|nd| op . toil Hide, i» a nitfo harbour for frigatoi with any wl ill from 4 lo 5 fiiiliomi, mud uml naiidy bottom: here you m The li 48 CAPE BRETON ISLAND^ 8tcep.to; but Sydney Flats, on the opposite tide, are regular to 4 fathoms. \Vhca past the Beach Point, you may run up the River Dartmouth to the S.W., and come to anchor in any depth you please, to 6 and 10 fathoms, a fine muddy bottom* Here you may wood and water, at the creek or spring, close to Governor Mac Cormick's house. The water is remarkably pure. This hacboor is capable of containing the whol^ navy of Great Britain. On Flat Point, without the east side of the entrance, it is intended to have a lighthouse, in , latitude 46 dcg. 17 min. to guide ships into the harbour by night. Fish of various kinds, cod, haddock, &c. are caught on the coaJst in great abundance. The tide in ' . the harbour flows «t 9h. and rises 6 feet The Tariation hcrcj as observed in 1798, was 16^ degrees West. LOUISBURG HARBOUR, situate on the S.E. side of Cape Breton, to the west- ward of Scattery Island, is easy of access,; you may be sooain, and you may like- wise be spon out, if you please. Be careful to avoid the Nag*s Head, a sunken rock on the starboard hand going in. The cast part of the harbour is the safetit; the lighthouse which the French erected i» now nearly in ruins, from neglecting to re. pair it; as is also the town from the same reason ; for the inhabitants copsist only of » few fishermen. Water is plenty herei but wood is scarce.' <■': ' . ' ■ . N.B. The Nag*s Head lies nearly one-third from the lighthouse point, and has no more than 3 feet on it at low water. The larboard side going in is the boldest. From the entrance of Louisbourg to Guyqn Isle, called also Portland Isle, tba course is S. W. by W. and. the distanca. more than 3 leagues. Between lies the bay called Gabarus Bay, which is spacious, and has a depth of from 20 to 7 fathoms. Off the south point of this bay, called Cape Portland, lie tho jCorniiitrattit, a num. bcr of islets and rocks, which are dangerous. CoNWAT Habbouu (commouly called Arochette), in the Isle of Madam, is situate on the N. £. side of ChedabuCto Bay. This harbour has been but indiflcrently sur. ^eyed ; ships bound t6 the south from the Gut of Canso, and caught by a'S.£. wind, may, in this bay, find shelter by coming to anchor in the bay on the south side, in 6 br7 fathoms; andj by sounding with your lead, you may find the passage over to the north shore, which is the safest anchorage. The harbour has two entrances. To sail into the easternmost, keep the starboard shore on-board, in order to avoid Henley Ledge; and approach the Seymour Isles no nearer thanthe'depth of 6 fa- tjiomsf'^s yuu will thus arpid the East-reef, and a small sunken rock, which lie about a cable's length N.E. by E. from it. , CHEDABUCTO BAY is wide and spacious; it is bold.to on both shores; on the north Vide you will see several red clifTs; this shore is sandy, with regular soundings in the middle pf the bay, the water is deep, from 25 to 35> &c. to 50 fathoms. At the headisasmall harbbiir, called Manchester Harbour^^sed by fishing.crafts, and a sloop of war may go over the bar ; at this place the^ is a settlement. . Canso Har9oi|r is situate on the S. E. side- of Chedabucto Bay, and has a pas- sage through from the bay to the south; but I would not recommend ships of war, N.B; On the south side of the bfacb.Ierected a b^cpn to Je^ s^ipa cfegr of the Corbyn rockg^ which a re incprrectly Mpic e aeiitedUio fjonn c r charts, Kee^p thia beacon in a line with a-remwrkable tree upoq thp bigh, land, and it wilt leaA'jou also dear (^ the Rook Island Rpck, . thaA li«s 35. Mpins frbm th« JSMl puoinc df Ropk IsUnd.* :i__ _„,„-.__ .1 -i^^^..^.:,.^^! \ '.^^:.^S^.Z 1,^211.^. ;__;!. . i ■ ■ , 1 1 ■ . ■ i 1 • These are ibit reiaarks of Ifr. Backhoue. MAGNETIC ■».:• thorns. When W., and come iiiddy bottom^ jrovcraor Mac ain. On Flat li^ht^ou^e. in ■"ish of various . The tide ill srved in 1798, 1) to the MTCSt- ^011 may like- a sunken rock le safetit; the fleeting to re. opsist only of it, and has no ! boldest, land Isle, tba n lies the bay to 7 fathoms. ants, a num. dam, is situate iflcrently sur. ' a'S.E. wind, south side, in issage over to vo entrances, rder to avoid 3pth of 6 fa- ;k, which lie lores; on the ilar souudiogs homs. At the crafts, and a nd has a pas- ships of war, such as draw hisbe moored ut any acci- is capable; of &C.I Many- take inacka- B c|e4r of the ^ K ee p | hia^ wiilf lead you L'Wl paint 6t MAGNETIC SABLS ISLAND AND BANKS. 40 MAGNETIC COURSES ^wrf DISTANCES round CAPE BRETON ISLAND, ^x. -^ From Mill Creek to abreast of Cape Jack,— -N.W. to N.' by W. 2 leagues. From abreast of Cape Jack to Henry Island, at theentrance of Port Ilood^ — N. by. W. 5 leagues. ^ From Henry Island to the entrance of Port Hood, or Jestico,— >North and N. by E* 4 miles. From the N.W. side of Henry Island to the north point of Cape Breton, commonly called Cape North,— N.N. E.,. N.E., N..E. by E., 'and E.N.E- 28 leagues. From Cape North to Cape Ensume or Cape Smoke,7-S.W. to W.S.W. 7| leagues. From Cape Smoke to the entrance of St. Ann's Bay,— S.W. to W.S.W. 4f leagues. From Cecabaw Islands, at the south entrance of St. Ann's Bay, °to Flat Point, V the south entrance of Spanish River, commonly called Sydney Harbour, — S. by E. 3 leagues. ; ; From F4at Point to Flint Island,— S.E. 7 leagues; , From Flint Island to the South end of Scatcry Island,— S.S.E. to S. by E. 4f leagues. ~ From Scatery Island to the Island of Nova,— N.W. 4 leagues. From the Isle of Nova to Louisburg Harbour, — N.W. by N. , 3 leagues. From Green Island, (eutrancu of Louisburg,) to Cape Canso,— W. by S. to W.S.W. 18 leagues. Along the N.E. cOast of Cape Breton, bclWcotr Scatery island and CapeBans^ phin, the land is low; but, from Cape Dauphin to Cape Ensume, or Cape Smoke, it is high. Between Scatery Island and the entrance of St. Ann's Harbour, you^ay stand in shore to 15, 10, and 5, fathoms, (clear weather,) gradual soundings. From Cape Smoke the water is deeper all along to Capo North, close to the shores. From Cape North to Cape Linzey the laud is very high in the country, and falls gradually towards the shores in some places. You may stand aaieiy to the distance of 2 leagues off the shore, until you come to Henry Isliind, whtiu you may stand withiu 1 mile of the shore. On this side of Cape Breton are several salmon rivers. ^ In the winter Season, when the weather is mild, the S.E., N.E., an4 N.W., coasts of Cape Breton Island abound with all kinds of iish. Plenty of lobsters and oysters are to be found towards Prince Edward'^ Island, especially in Hillsborough Bay. '»::: ■■" ■ SECT. V. ■'■" :: v-'^' The SOUTHERN ««mS^fk\^k^-^^eseb«r* we described -m--^ iheifoere found; but as they are composed of shlfling sands^ repeated storms, and the violence of the sea, tnayy in the course of ycarSf considerably alter their form and extent.} Along the north and south sides of the island ajre many spits of sand, extending nearly parallel, and within a mile from the shore. Vessels may anchor on the north ^ side of the island, betw(ten the spits, and not be liable to be driven off by southerly -winds. On the south side, it is boldest oiT the body of the island, having 10 or 12 fathoms water, witliin a mile of the shore; but, towards the bar, it is more shoal, and dangerous to approach ; for the currents, which are uncertain, are, in a great degree, idfluenced by the winds which have preceded. The surf beats continually on the shore, and, in calm Weather, is heard several leagues oflT. Landing oA this island with boats is practicable on the north side, after a continuance of good wea- ther only. The whole island is composed of fine white sand,, much coarser than any of the soundings about it,^nd intermixed with small transparent stones. Its face is very broken, and hove up in little hills, knobs, and cliffs, wildly heaped to- gether, within which are hollows and ponds of fresh water; the skirts of which abound with cranberries the whole year, and with blue berries, juniper, &c. in iheir season; as also witli ducks, snipes, and other birds. This sandy island af-. fords great plenty of beach-grass, wild peas, and other herbage, for the support of the horses, cows, hogs, &c., which are ruiinlng wild upon it. It grows no trees; but abundance of %vreck and drift-wood may be picked up along shore for fuel. Strong northerly winds ^hift the spits of sand, and often even chodk up the entrance of the pond, which usually opens again by the next southern blast. In this pond are prodigious numbirrs of seals, and some flat-fish, eels, &c., and, on the south-west side, lies a bed of remarkably large muscles and clams. The south shore is, between the cliffs, so low, that the sea breaks quite ovct in many places, when the wind blows on the island. The Ram's Head is the highest bill on this island; it has a steep cliff pn the north-west, and falls gently to the south-east. The Naked Sand. Icttlar- Bhrf^hirinn fc*l and always appear very white. MoufU Knight is in t% shape of a pyramid, ^ situate in a hollow between two steep cliffs. J»/o«n/ Luttrell is a remarkabje hummock on the top of al&rgo swelling in the land. , QratinHitth a koob at ; ■' ■'•;■'■, » \ " ■ ■' ■ . _*^ .. . ^ ■■: ^g S.W. at the elocity near If.cbb, with c, (lang^rons out E. very sHoa nntiiiue I he distance and 70 fa- 1 a run of 3 [he isle, the hapes'to ll^e of 20 or the sound' is very fim the nurth* th>west bar, weather, at (her, a ship 8 or 9 fa. ce very dis. , and sooie- nay cross ifcit;:^; kscribed-m^ storms, and their form , expending in the Dortii y southerly iig 10 or \1 nore shoal, , in a great continually iug od this 'good wea* tarser than tones. Its heaped to- i of whicli er, &c. in r island af-. he support s no trees ; 'c for fuel. ic entrance 1 this pond south-west s, between \ I the wind I; it has a iked Sand- pyramid, emarkabjle % knob at the m THE COAST OF VOVA SCOTIA. ^51 the top of a cHIT, the height of which is 126 feet perpendicular, above high-water mark. The Vale of Misery is also remarkable, as is Smith's Ftag-stajf, a large hill, with a regular ascent every way. Ffom the oiling, the soiith side of the island appears like a long ridge of sandy clilfs, lessening towards the west end, which it very low*. The Nova Scotia Banks extend nearly 70 leagues, in a westerly direction. From the Isle of Sable, they are from 20 to %b leagues wide, and their innc)r edges are from 14 to 18 leagues olF shore. They are intersected by narrow winding channels (the bottom of which is mud), running N.W. and S.E. Jictween these banks and the shore are several small inner banks, with deep WatCj^ and muddy bottom. The water deepens regularly from the Isle of Sable, to th0~ distance of 22 leagues, in 50 fathoms, fine gravel ; thence proceeding westward, the gravel be. 'conies coarser : continuing westward' to the western extremity of the banks, the Koiuidinj^surc rocky, and shuaten to 18 and 15^ fathoms water: Cape Sable bearing N. by \V. distant 15 leagues. The south.west extremity of Banquereau^ or Bank Queroj lies 17 leagues E.N'. K, I E. from the east end of the isle of Sable. This bank extends E. by N. 35 leagues, and is nearly 8 leagues in width; its shoalest part is about 5 leagues from its tastern extremity, in 16 an,d 18 fathoms water, slimy sand and clams: whence if deepens regularly every way to 60 and 70 fathoms, towards the edges of the ^ank. This bai)k is steep-to; and, from^ls soundings on the north side, youfall im« mediditcly iixto 00 or 100 fathoms water, black mud; and, oa the south side, into 120 fathoms. t n -*^• The COA!^ ojrwWK^CQTi a: ~^^^^^ It may be observed, generally, that the. soundings all alotig the Nova Scotia Coast, between Cape Canso on the E.N. E., and Cape Sable, to theW.S.W., are very irregular; from 25 to 40 and 50 fathoms. In foggy weather, do not stand nearer in-shore than 35 fathoms, lest you fall upon some of the ledges.' By no means make too bold with the shore in such weather, unless you are sure of the part of the coast you are on; for you may, otherwise, when bound for Halifax, fs^l unexpectedly into Mecklenburg Bay, and thus he caught with a S.E. wind. At the entrance of the harbours and rivers on the coast, salmon is taken from April until August; and, from one to two or three leagues out to sea, cod, halibut, haddock, rays, and mackarcl. Herrings are taken in the bays and harbours, in the months of June and July; and tom.cod all the year round. . ■ The weather on the coast is frequently foggy in the spring and some part of the summer ; in particular at the distance of 4 or 5 leagues from the shore. On ap- proaching nearer, the weather is found more clear; and, with the wind from the land, it is perfectly clear ^nd pleasant. -'W From Cape Canso, or the eastern ledges, to Cape Jarvis, at the entrance Of Eg. mont Harbour, or abreast the Jedore Ledges, the coast is bordered all along with numerous isles, rocks, &c.y and broken into bays, rivers^ inlets, &c.; but, be. tween Cape Jarvis and Devil's Island, the coast is clear of rock, and has two or- - three red cliifs, (at the entrance of Five Fathom Harbour and Musquadabit River ,> | which are remarkable, as no such land is elsewhere to be found along the S.E, coast: -^ you may stand ill towards this shore to 8, iS, and 5, fathoms, gradual soundings^ .without danger. ' , Between Cape Canso and Cape Sable, and ^11 round the Isle of Cape Bireton, the, tides flow nearly between 8 and 9 o'clock, tnd rise from 4 to 6 feet at neap^ — *rT>-iiBT(nie«»rrc«tt% infonned thaTa-ttaiirWltii-his-feiiHlyTlBteiy^weni'toMttfe-ea-tbiv iBlandr With stores and'provisions for the relief of shipwrecked seamen, &c. I'here is a twat od the island^ pnd poles, wUh notes upon thtioB* to descritte where the boat lies, and \There the house ttands.- (Jfaylb09J .^ , ' «•" I ' 5S HALIFAX HARBOUR. <^ • karerfo^.x"'™ "-.'"='=." '""*^^''.V Mr. Backho,..e, wl,„.^ JircclLtis ^oj Orpheus Ledges ob the larboard ; ^vc them a" berth, by your lea J Zfn o'i^''^^^"** iff.otai5<«lof,thom", n,mU,bouZ\ '■ ^'"' "«?* <" "»tcr going i„ • Descriptibn of the -LA^T) near HALIFAX HAHBOUR.' • ■_ TiiE land about tht' hatikoiir of. Halifax, ao'd a little to tho soolhward „»!,"• ' m.a^ppearance, ruAged aod rockV and kU «« .*» ■ ^n* soiirnward op it, is, from the quaHer-deck of a 74.gunlhi^ ft 7 eLL^ ?i\^^^^^ '*"^^' '° ^'-^ ^^'^^ ' . ^ver, the high lands of Le Have arUAZtieoenS^^^ Mceptin^; Iro.v.. ' > The first, which is 12 leagues wTj^VoS^ H«*.., and like Httfe ro^r.lm^oiZ\l:^^^^^^^ oyer Cape Le W N., appears dlrecily orerOueen Char JX: .?"*?^°f"' ''.^°" '^^^nng Rw. . The lighthouse on Sambro' Island is rcanarkable • it bnlrt^ a i.:»i. * ■„ ' island, which is small and rcfcky, Jying f a wSe di ance lo thf J w7' "V*?"' ' buctaH<;ad, on theS.W. side of tL f n trance h to HaliLHlr^^^^^^ C^;^^'■' ^1?'J '•.fif .^^'"^'k^We rockraf»4^^rrcn appearance. harbour.* Chebucto > rheislah^and lighthouse, near the harlTour of Halifar lu :. i«*u-i li. i 30 «in. N. «d Jan^tnfl, 63deg. 31 mm. w^^^aSS.. "* "* ' ^''^^ ^* ^^' • t.:' . ■,. / X ;-. V I J * Thfi ajp c anta c t of it is giwn oathe CliaH. ■»i .i- iflstructiom >f rpceiving )rt PallTser, cctiuns for e*wcon the hfliwly.and I »-tq:^ fa- i"J than as 10 (^iitranco t, Whero a about is up as lii»h and thtTo the British '»■ going in 1 foul and VR. ' ' ■ ■ -■'~- of^it, is, rribby wi- > be seen in^, how.' agues off. Cape Le ing'N.W. mrd frobi* Qg above Iteag^es. ^ 'Will bear r pD that , omChe-. Jhcbucto :w.s.w. le by it« lltion to 41 dcg,- / DIRECTIONS FOR HALIFAX ,IIARBX)UR. Itistruttionsfo? SAILING into HALIFAX HARBOUR. ^3 fructiont The entrance of II illfix Flarhoiir lios t)ct\vccn the Titrum Cap !rho(Js nml the Tticl\field Rock: thb farntuT on tne, eastern, the latter oir'the western, side. On the extremity of each there is a'lnioy I the Ttimrti Cap Shoals hafint; a red buoy on the S.W. end, and theLicHfutidR^ck, awhitc o^e, onitsnorth ciid.^*'--^ niilo within ^ \}hn latter, to the ni^rthtvard, li|4§ lho^i«rr,v RocA, whose place ls((cnot(^b.y aliuoy; and a mill* abo>e that, on the opposlt*' side, is a dangerous shelf, railed the Ilor&ei. ^Shovs iixtcinling (ratm Maugei^s Or Mdjor^s lietieh. Half-way betvH'cn the latter . aiKi^George's Island is a* shoal^ extending to the S.W. from Po/nrP/eajoraf, nearly iunie.thiVU>of th& chapel over, but hiivin;;, on Us extremity, a white buoy: above or witiiiii thls^ on the same sMe, Wci RcitVs Roc,k) w'hii-h is also marJied out , by a ,' white buoy. Opposke lies a red baoy,' on a spit whidi extends from the N.W. end of Cbrnwalfis Island. • Between Mauger's Beach and Point Pleasant Shoals'tbcre is a middle groan4) of • 5 f'lthonif'^v mttrked out by a red iMo^. -,' .* ' Without the entrance^ and ChehuctcK(or^Jcbticto) Head, on the western side, A lies a sunhett rocky called the Bell IWIc: 19 theS.'W. ofthis Me the black rocks,' > 4 '■failed the Sastern' Ledge i and, to the S.Wl or-S^W, by W. from Sam bro', or the ,1 Li^hthou^e Island, lie two reefs called the ff^f^ernXe(/^e«. .:' .-"^ ' ^ Thd brief dirertionsfocentering the Harbour, as imhed from the Custom-house, . at flalifax, are as follow : r * , . Frflm, the westward,°bTing the light to bear N.E^; if it bears mUre easterly, stretch io the«outhward tillit b^rs N.E. {and^9 m^ch more northerly as you please,' thera ;lt>eing no siioal or ledge; to the southwali^),' then keep it open on your larboard bow; gl7e.it more than a mile and a hfldf berth; as mucji^nxore as you please. ! Note,^ the eastertimost of /the wei?tcrn^leUge| \m from the lij^ht S.W, .distant 2 miles.; the ^ther W.S.W.. about oiu^ league; thi^ eastern ledges lie in a rapge ' V nWrly, some abowe wateii fhVoutcrmost one mile and a half from the light: 'hearing , ■ frornlt.E.N.E. ';.• •' T"*':-' V/o ; ..•s'*' <• Whej^ the light bears north^j- distant ^>9iit tW mtles,^ fun N.E". four miles, then liiurth, will cai^ry yoii to^Chebucto Iii;ad;/^t a propct distance clear of all •- "dajigen^ ■.■■'■■ ■. ■ v ,. ''.^^''■■' . , ''* . ■ " . ' . >yhen abrea^l'of Cbebucto Head, run N. | W. for the south jpoint of George's ' •^sland. ^ ."'./•■ \ '",■■'/.■/. '5 , :' - , , '■ >• .' ' When within balP a mile of Qeorgc^s. Island, you may -ei^ter the harbour west of it, in l^fa'thoms, orjeastqf ttin 15 fath^ms^wafibr. ' ' \ . . In passing between Sand wich Point and Mauger's or Major's Beach, ran rather , '° nearest t^e point, ib shun a shWl which runs' aff^.W. from the^beach. \ >:' ' W^^c^iug from the eastward, run for the Kght, >nd you cannot failXseeing Ch^biicto Head, as ypu open Halifax HarbQur, the light being four miles .distant from the Heald, to the south-west of it. ' ./- ^ \ . «. !^(Ote, These dij^ctioRs are agreeable to'the'cottimop compass, varymg 13 ^eg. . westerly, at th^ time they were publish^. It is. no}ir oQe«quarter of a point greater, as hereafter nqticed. i^' "' ' ' : / \ The following, ate the DiMotioits for sailing into the Harbour, as gtTen by Mr. , Backhouse^ in hif ^lew PiloTfw Nova ScoUa, &c. ' i ' ' » ' %, • -. If Sailing tit^o Halifax Habboub/):oi» the ffisstaard, nilh a westerly itind, hjf ntifAf;—. when you hare made tbe lighthouse, i^t the distance of about two or .three leagues, first s^eer E.N.C or E. by N. iintil you are sure of being to the east. ward oC L t h e e x fr em fty of tl ^ e S f . fK fe rf g gf, wh i ch be a r s fr o m ihe lig hthouse ^ . W . two milesc distant. Whisn past the S.W. ledges, steer E.N.E., ox E. by N., until ', •' ' '' ' : . ■? ... ■ ■ * The8e;pbject8, with all the'etherBhere neticed, are dearly exhibited on the Chart of Halifax . HarbourjbjiiJIklr.Backfaovsei townii^^c^a^'S'cf'^''^^* r ■J. »■. V- '54 Dini;cTi6Ns yoR Halifax harbour. r ' NrE!^JJ'l;?:7/rs. Kite; I s'^rZV:!!^^:!. "'ti-^"^ W. by S. according to your diBtanco from the j«land. << "eenng west or j^Ser^tK!^ liiw mark, kept on, will lead clear of Point Pleasant shoalu an.i Sn - /• »P"W t, iweenMauge.»sl3each and Sandwich PoltYS/vraC^ George's Island, and pass it on the east iick,^?tt wioniinLr\ ^'*^^ ^ ^"' ' sJa^'^hi^'^^'''^1.i'''''^'^'^?'^ to the Ltward of bearl^F ^^V* tJ*'*" IT*" "^f ^^*'" the Devil's Islandand the maiXpt open bearing E.N.E. Th.s rock has only 16 feet over It, at low- water. V^ ^ ' •breast of Chebucto Head (so soon as you can discover the Jhree h Is a lit\ the village of Dartmouth, at the head of the harbour), is, to keep the ml ahove Dartmouth (witii some naked trees on it) in a I ne'over S N\V George's Island. This wilMcadvclear of the llut thai runs to the SS% Manger's Beach and likewise cle\ of Point Pleasant shoals, iith tlm'sL I land ' /r"; *^' ^•^- «"d «f £ornwaliPiB».d, and directly up to G^ htt^, *''"' *'*' - ^ Ground^^hrough 6 to 8 ftShom^ r P- ^''f^^'^ound extends N. and ^for one cable's length, and is abolt ^0 fathoms bread ; as you fall off to the eastward of it, you will have 7 10 13 tt 1 fl fathoms, m,,ddy bottom. To the westward^f this Ground ma^bJ foJnd lat 2* and 14, fatioms, coarse and rocky bottom. \ ^. * ■»• In tunwkg to windwardf give the npper or inWr part of Maucer's Bearh a hlni. of one cabli's length, in order to avold%e HorseV^ spi^that ?uns f^m the nTth t^thelnfc P -^^IS ^^'^-Pl.ofo"^ ~We aod^ hak length YTmay stC to theSandkich Pointside to within two ships' length, that being bold-to- but st nd no farther over to the westward, to avoid Point ^i^ntshoafs,^^^^^ • Want of necessary eaution, in this respect, becaiioned the mela^'rl^al« \nm Af ht. m-:-». . i • Tribune, i^itl^ 850 bray, seamen ;j^^^^^ ^ « fp W, le from above [die hill of from it that rge's^ lend I lies ( O t h ffi NtW. o f »>" > L i r h finlrf JTAf lr^ — * ♦ These ai^d the othbr marks are .hewn in the Chart of the Harboar, by Mr. Backhouse. Puil » . \ ■ "fAVl— then or ^. bv E. a mjilo from I along tho ml thus you wich Point, 'lalljr, from h, in order tiorse-shoc, D island and) When past r ' Gcofffc's >wn of Ha- iog4)uoy8, the wharfs" erlt/ Kind; biioy lies ' it is, the sonthwaird S West or r distance ireadih to I tho fort, > open to B sputhf, r-wjiy be- recfit in stays; and, standing to the eastward, keep Little f brum tap Island, a red bluff, open of Corn wallis Island; having this mark on put to stays again, and you will thus go clear of the N.W. kpit of Cornwalli* Island. * r ReitPs Rock, before mentioned, lies half way bqtween Point Pleasant and JudM Brisnton's house. It has 1? feet OTer'it. The marks abo»e given for Point Plea- sant shoals will lead clear of this rock. The thwart-mark is. a farm-house in the wood over a^black rock on the shore, bearing W. by S. The variation of the Compasf, in Halifax Ilarbourj as obsorved by Mr. Back- house, was 16 deg. 30 min. W. iv 1798. ' Catcii llAKB0*jR.~The Little Harbour, or Cove, railed CatJh Harbour, which lies to the westward of Chebuctoilead, ban a Ijar across the entrance, having g feet • over a, at low water, with breakers when the wind blows on this shore. It is fre« ^ .qadUted by small vessels only. -^— - ' Paul's • COURSES*««^ V^mTAKCl^ Pom J^rent points betxveen r HALIFAX and CAPE CANS^O. ' V' ' *X Bv Mr.Bacrhoi/sc. ) i • *^N ^*"''^?' I'»g]'t»'0"so, or abreast the Easiern Ledges, at the distance of 3 . BiilM, to Cape Canso, at the same distance,— E. | N. 39Ieagae!^ FromSambro'Lighthousei as above, to Jedore Ledges,— E. 7 leagues. ■*rom Jedore Ledges to abreast of Bever's Island,r-E. | N. 8 ieafues. * rom BeverV Island to White Island,— E. by N. 3f le^ucs. From White Island to abreast of Taurus's Rock under water, or abreast of Lis- comb Harbour,— £. by S. 8 miles. Froifi ^breast of Liscomb Harbour to the Fiddle Rocks, or abreast of Countrv ^ Harbour,-E. IS. and E.. by S. IT leagues. ^ From the Fiddle Rock tp the Bassoon Rock,-E.N.E. 21 miles. *'S™*9e Bassoon Rock, or opposite Green Island, to abreast of White HeadA £'. by Si. to E.S.E. 7| leagues. '■. \ * - * ^'"^.'"i.^tJt *®.*'t*ir^?,^*P® ^*P'°> *»^ *^«a'* o*^ tJ'e Roaring Bull Rock,— E. by S., . Ji. byJV. to E.N.E. 4^leagues. *■•" "^ ' Froin^the Jkoaring BullRook, bearing N-W.^ ^o abreast of Man of War Rock, at half a cable s distance towards Pettypashead,— N. N.W. 3 miles. * trom the east end of Hoaring Bull Rock, through between Man of War Rock and Mercury Rock, towards the west shore, firstW.N.W., thewN.W., and N.N. W.: » through between Binny and Buckey Island, and past the Bald Rock into Che^ tlSbuctorfey,->y.N.^ l«i,e. n.w.Nj i. andN.N.W. 2j rifles. , K^ilr * ?f'^ ^^""^ ^"^ #°'"' Ch^dabucto^^to Cape Argus,-W.W. and N.W. b/ Nw 6 leagues. ' JB / • « . :;^f . i ^•J*Tv?ri^** ''°"''^ *''*^^'*®'"" Mges, from abreast the Roaring Bull Rock, steer 4uirifS^ "•''"» *^^^ ^•^' ^y ^ ^O"® "Mle ""d a half, then N.E. one mile, then N.P^E. onrmite, then I»(. a^d I^. N.W. two mm more, until yousee the g:!^: ..° ^?° *.'*" ^;-!"!^ "^ Chedabacto Bay) open to the northward of Bald Rock, Uicu haul up W . N . V V. for the ihid dl e of the Bay, wjiosesides are 'bold- ^ w"]^ w «• \ °"**'' ^' ^' ^y^' *^ ™*«i N-^- 1 ^^i N. &C.J N.N.W.i W.JN.W, 3 miles. J ' ' -^ -^' ^ - . ^ ; -~SAMBR0' H r-A ■i,9^^h ■ ■ - ■■!£(,.. ii' ■nr N 56 / THE COAST OF NOVA SCOTIA. SAMBIIO' ISLAND, near the Tlfftrance of lULIFAX HARBOUR /<> CAl^E SABLE. GENERAL REMAIIKB. . ' ^ From Halifax, westward, to Charlotte Bay, the country nppeari from the offiog t«>ry rocky and broken ; the shore is stccp-to, and bounded wiih white rocky cliirs. The high-lands of Aspotagocn, oil the oust side of Mcrklcnburg Bi^y, arc very re- markable; whence, proou-'ding westward, the rocks which surround the dhorov are black, with sotnc banks of red earlh. Between Cape Lo Have (which is a remark- able promontory, bald on the top, with a red bank under it, faciiig the south-west- ward) and Port Jackson, there are some htimmocks within land, about which th&„ Country appears low aud Ictel from the sea; and, on the shoto, white rocks and stony beaches, with several low bald points ; hence to Port Roscway,' or Shelburuc, the land is woody. About the entrance of l\>rt Jlaldjmand, and within land, arc several barren spots, which from the oiling ai^ easily disccrued; thence to Capo Sable the land appears level, andnniw, and oh the shorearc some clitrs of exceed- ingly white sand, particularly in the entrance of Port Jlaldiioand, and on Capp Sablc^ where they are very conspicuous from sea.v •„'. ' \ ■ - i Magnetic Bearings and Distances of Places detween Halifax ami ' Cape Sable, S;c* ' -; From Sambro* Lighthouse, or two miles abreast the Sound of the S.\\'. Ledger, to abreast ofHCapc Sable, the S. W. end of Nova Scotia,— W. S. W. \ W. ao leagues. _ , From the S.W. ledges to Prince of Wales's Isiand, at t|;c entrance of Lunenburg Harbour,— W. by N. aud W. N.W. a I leagues. From Sambro' Lighthouse to the Hock of LeHavc, which is dry at low water, — W.S.W. and W. by S. nieagues. From Le Hav^ Ruck to William's or CofBn's Island, or livorpool Bay, — W.S.W. 7| leagues; * . , From William's Island, or abreast of Liverpool Ray, ,to Little Hope Island,* a JcT^ flat isle, full of stoiies,^-S.W. by W. 4^ leagues., l^com Little H6pe Islaiid' to the eastern ledges of the U^ggcd Island Rocks,— ' W.S.W. 6 leagues. ^ - ^ From the Ragged Islaad Rocks to abreast of Cape Roseway or Shelburoe Light- . house,— W. I N. 7 miles. . '■ From Sfaelbiurne Lighthouse to abreast of Cape Negro,— S.W. | S. 3 leagues. Fronf ShelburneLighthouse> to the Brazil Rock,— S.W. by S. 6 leagues. From the Rj^gged Islaad Rocks to tJie BrazU Rock,— S.W. and S.W. by W. 4 leagues'. ' From the 9ruil Rock to SeM Island Rock, — W. by N. 9 leagues. From the Brazil Rock to Cape N«gr4>,—N.£. by N. 3 leagues. From^al Island Rock to the Lurcher Roc^, at tiio entraiice of the Bay o^ Fundy ,--> W.J^.W. 14 leagues.; r- DESGRIFTION AND DIRECTIONS, SAMfiRO* H\RROUi) l,. .rEhe^harhonr of S a mhrnMififLahoittoi to th^ westward of the iighthoasfB Island. |ts l^t. entrance, for vessels from th^ % fiiew heariogt and distances are given as detej-mined by Mr. Backhooie* ^ ^i\. westward ' iFAX m the offing rocky dltXs, irc very ro- • lie Rhorcarb B a n-mark- HOUth-WVHt- t which the, rocks and : Shi-lburnc, ill laiitj, ato • icu to Capu of exceed- Cape Salilcj^ /ifaj; ami W. Ledges, V. 1 W. 30 Luttcivburg w watcr^ — — W.S.W. wd,' a jcNf' I Rocks,— J roe Li^t- Sues. .by W. 4- f Fundy,-r* ^Is from th9 le. ■_.-■-* ^ ^ 9' THi; COAST OF NOVA SCOTIA. AJ westward, is between Cape Palliscr and thb ItuU Roek ; but those from the eastward may run up between Sambro' iMand and the Inner Udge. In theanchora.... which i« wuhi.i the Ue of Man, there are 3 fulhoniH WAter, muddy bottom. The6'u< or d.";L;$':i;cf7?:u;;:!;:' ""'"•" ^''' ^^""-^ ''"'"'* *• ^^^ «>•"-» •-'' »'- • BRISTOL MY and SHULDIIAM IF ARBOUR-BrlstoI Bay i. about Smile. th« N W /«"'''\P'-«f' <»'»^; ''^'ncc for the anchorage In Shuldham Harbour, to il ^•^^■' *''i'» <^"n""K f'-^m the westward, shotdd first bring I>oliit Muckworth to bear Nor h, and pass b«tween the muie Rocks and the .ocks which l^off ihil I o.nt. IJel ween Cape Falliscr a«d Ifarvey Isle t(.cro Is, also, a safe channel witi, good ground lo .7 and 8- fathoms, the tide (lows' herp, on f u If ancJ €^^031^1 at three quarters past seven, 4nd rises about 8 (vet. ' ^ ^ ' "' PROSPECT IIARBOUIl.~Thl, harbourlies aboutjwo miles and three quarter* to the northward of Cape Prospect. In its entrance the soundings ar "r?Sar I here .s a breaker, with 3 fa.homs ofer it, at the distance of two Eablw' Icnf h to Uieeast of Dorn,anRock. There is good anchorage for the larfiLi^himfb *o bolf ' V* i'^*^."^"'f. "''».»^":'* l^'o 'ni'« to the pbrtii-wcstwail of Prospect Uar- S [J' *"i'f £" ''"' *'••' 'H'' a """ken rock, having only (} feet water or"r it th^r "Jl^r ?'1*^- X"'y !'"•'•' ^^"'" ^''^ '^''' ^'^''^ Inch-kVa),. In rou7h weal H^^.^Tia^'l"^'^^* which lie. to the westward of Inchl'kcith, between it and Hercu cs Isle, hair a good depth of water, though its entrances be narrow In .all- teSltitr'" °"'' ''''' ^'"^"^ The reef which extends E.S.E. half a CHARLOTTJj: BAY.--The southernmost point of Holdernes. Island whlrh i. he south-west point of tco^pi«,)-n;;^^^ lel. on both sidea end of Holderncsslsla'nd, anu .,. » «eg. oouin, irue^ lot w. i from the «outheri|P9?tpojntbf IncMcith. You hare good chi of the small island, which uheiter. the S.VV. harbour. /. Whe/!lln? ^'?*^^ Chirlptte Bay, ^hips my ^ Und-locXed, In 5 pr 6 lathbms. When sailing into it, you must carefuHy avoid! the danj^ lulled Slack fIZI Cow, the largest ships may also ride ^ perfect .Afetv. When sailing into th^Iatte? y,mn7^%^f^ '"^a^ '^"^ ^' '^« «"*''»°^«- On the eastern Srof thel^;! riidter w^h^ M ^Tk' *''?1 ^'° ^'^'^ « -*» 10 fathoms. There Is commodtoJj S^Si^ "tt^ — "' ^'''*' "'^^ ^*"''" the ^«fe IW^ there is. About 54Piles S ..4 W . from • 5 <^ Bay. lies UREiit t h e p dnt o f land which aeparate^ehaf lot "^ — = "" 1""— "" ""<* »>wvw — t******»"^i'»arwcte^ na m B gl i '.r''.^.!!"* . *' ^"**'» *"** "e» 7 'eagues W.N.W.i W. frwa westward ' abreast^ Sambro' ..^„^ — .^, ...,»„m„^« Biio. 30 sec. West longitude frmn Griteawtch. •N ' KING^ 58 \ Tllfe COAST or NOVA SCOTIA. KING'S DAY i* diri(li>d from Chartnttc niy by (ho peninsula, nn whirh nianil ^ (he hiKfi lamia uf AspolagoGii, before iiii'ntioiicd, whoHo npnoar iiicr, in (lirve rr^n. lar tHT'llingN, U iiery rcmurkahlo at a grrat distance in (he oinng. tktwecn (ho many iil.mdii in thiK Imy, aro ftcvcral good channoiR, loading up into fiiio harb«nrs. 1'hi; outer broiker lies N.K. \ K. onu mile and tHu-thinlH diittant from the S.K. end of Duck Island, ^nd W. | N. 3] miles diMant frum the N.W. point of Green bland; from this, nbout 2] tnilt-n N. by W., Hen the JJhll, (a blind rock, visible at'lhrec- nunrtcrs ebb,) bearing W. by §. I'iOO fathifmi distant from (he S.W. end of Flat Island, ind S. by E. above two miles distant from (ho wcftt point of Roytl (leorgo l-iland. Farihcr up, N.W. by W., 400 fafhomn distant from \Vest Point, lies'/tacA:^ aiwat; within which and Koyal (teorge Island is deep w-ater.. The CoficAma/i is a •0 blind ledge niihin Mecklenburg Ray, v'uiibic nt low water only. The east end of Hoyiil (tciirgu nnd Flat Islands in one, will load you clear on the cast side of it*. ' The west end of Iron.bound IsMnd, open with the went point of little Tancook - Island, will clear you on the south bide j aiid Cfl[icient width to Turii Into tho harbour with a ^cading wind. Steer N.W. by N. until you bring Saddle Island to bear S.W. and then haul up S.W. by W. to tho anchoring ground. Small ressels may pass on the west side of Matoon Island, be. twccn the Bull aud the vrcstcrn ahore.^ — " PORT MANSFIELD.— Point Herbert lies In 43 deg. S! mfn. 10 lec. N. lartKJ tude, and 64 deg. 61 oiin. 20 sec. W. longitude from .Greenwich. Green island, without the entrance, is remarkable from the westward, haring no trees upon It. The channel Jeading to tho anchoring ground, in 3 fathoms, is not more than CO fathoms wide between Bridge's Rock and Stony Beach. Aburo arc llats, v»ith nar- row winding channels through thu mud. .' PORT MILLS.— The entrance of this port ha* a very rugi^cd appearance. Se- | .acoUjalitSa and breakers lie scattered before it. Those coming in from tho east- ward, after haring passed Thomas's Island, which has high rocky cliffs on its east aide, and sunken rocks cx(ending to the S.W. nearly a mile from the southern point, should keep a good look-out for the Tiget'f a dangerous breaker, lying South half a mile from Rug Point, which h to be left without. Then haul up N. W. by-N. shaping your course along Muifat Island, so as to avoid a shoal which strctcles half way .'orer from the eastern bide. In ^tho best of the channel. Centre Isle is ' just open with Mullat Isle : and with this mark you may run up |p tho anchorage in— th^ North Arm. ^ SHELBURNE, or PORT ROSEWAY HARBOUR.— Cape Roseway, the S.E. point of l^oseneath or Macnuti'* Island, is a high cliff of white rocks, the top of which is partly without wood. Tho west side of the island is low. On the Cape stands the noble lighthouse of Shclbume, which has a white and remarkable ap- pearance in the day, and at night exhibits a small light below, at about one^third from the top, by which it is distinguished, at night, from the light of Sambro') or^ Halifax. . - «, « . •. Tho latitude of this lighthouse, according to the determinations of Mr. Backhouse, in 179?, by the several means of double and meridian altitudes, is 43 deg. 43inio. 30 sec. Tlie variation at the same time was r3 deg. 30 min. W. Of preceding ob- serrations, the results were, latitude 43 tieg. 40 min. and longitude 66 d^. 19 uAiu West of Greenwich. # « >ii^ The directions for this Harbour, as gifen by Mr. Backhouse, are 'as follow. (a§§ to When coming in from thel ocean, after yon hare made the lighthousf, briag I* to bear N.W. or N.W. by N. arid steer dirccUjr for it. The dangera that lio on .te GO THE COAST or NOVA SCOTIA. (he cMt iMc, |(4iif in« arc (ho Kagi^rd I«Unil Kocki, • lonR levhich (lie entrance of Tialifax does not, which is anchoring ground at the mouth of the harbqur, when it blows too strong to ply to windward. Ih sailing from the Westteardfor Shelburne, at nighty you must not haul up for tbo harbour until (he tight bears N. by £. | £. in order to avoid the Jigg Ruck: and when sailing in,/rof» the Emtzsard, you must not haul up for the harbour till the light bears W. by N. \ N. in order to aroid the ledges that lie off the Ragged lilands, and bear from the lighthouse E. ^ S. eight miles distant. You may siop tide in the entrance of the harbour, in froip 16 to 10 fathoms sandy, and some parts clay, bottom. PORT AMHERST.— Cape Ncotio Island, at the entrance of Port Amherst, lies in 43deg. 32 min. $ sec. N. latitude, and tb deg. 17 min. ftO sec. W. longittide from^Greenwich. It divides the entrance into two passages'; is very low about the niddic, and appears like two islands. The Cape itself is remarkably liigh, h)feky, and l^arreii. Coming from the westward, in hauling round Point Jtiffery, (tdavohl the redges, blind rocks, and shoals, isxteniding easferiy frOm the wettern shore,) ■hape your course~N. E. l)y N. towards the Cape, |[iTrag the Savage Rodks'a'bertb^ ^ three cablea' length, until you open Davis'a Jsle (the W$kteVam6st and largest ,i^' T--- { J»* iK «, 4 ttE COAST or NOVA icotia; M% 1^^-. ^ ■ ■ '^Vf' ^''- Me At thf heat! of lh<» htrbniir) a iitri breadth with Point Willlsm ; ami rnn iipT* tlut direction, olit«rviitK to kt4^ clmr of a »uqKcii r"ck, wliitli lic» K.S.K, frtim Point William, alKnit SOD ftthoim from (li« ihnrw. Vithery Iknch i« iMtd^A. To Mil up throuj(h the cant paiaafffl, keep (Jr4y*» llock oil board, and »twr up M.W, for J'^iiit John, until voii sec acroas the i»tlimu« in the middl« of Capo Ne^fo Itland, •ml hafa pasted tN^ Huddct, (a blind rock, which liaa in a direcUou b«tw««n tho Whaktliaclc and Cir4y'« llockii,) on both hides of which thiTo it do«p water | Hhence haul over to the wcatward, keeping fiong the ihoro of the Uland to avukl (k« ihoal, which extendi half the diilaure o»cr from IVmt John toward* thu itland. When you have opened tho small rocki at tho head of the bay, shape your course N. by W. to tho anchorhig ground. ,. POaT IIALDIMAND, or PORT I.A TOUR.— nAccAnoToirrr, at fte en- trance of this port, lies in 43 deg. 20 min. 65 icc. N. latitude, and (Jftdcg. ti min. Sft Sfc. W. longitudo from Creinwich. To sail into this port, coming from the wnlt- wasd, continue your courim easterly, until you have Urchem Isle a ship's Icngtlli^ open to tho eastward of North Rocks; thence you may steer northerly for lsl« George, and >yi|a.you come up within the dlilanco of two cables' length from its aouth end, J|M|^iL.the westw;|rd, in a direction with the western extremity df Fund Bceera^l^^n^open Prospect Ilaase, on the north Hide of the northernmost^ • Slohawk '^MH^plnicii haul into anchorage in 3 fatlioiA mud bottom. Nearly nuNffiraPivccn Daccaro Point and the SuuM Ledge lies the Follu, % •unkcn rock, l^pfTSTwhich and tho western shore is aWnnel of G fathoms. 'The Vulture^ a dangerous breaker, )ief W.S.W. nearly two mileafrom Uaccaro Point. BARRINGTON BAY.— The southernmost polrit of Ga|ie teble island, witJiout the entrance of this bay, lies In 43deg. 30 min. Osoc. N. kititude, and 05 dcg. 34 min. 20 sec. VV. longitude from Greenwich. There are oxtcnsivo flats towards Hie head of this bay, and tho channel, as you draw up, grows so narrow, that it re, quires a leading wind to wind through it to the anchoring-ground. The west pat. tage, on the north side of Capo Sable Island, is used by simil I vessels only, aad if not safe without a commanding brcexc, on account of th« tidos setting immcdiatelfjr upon tho rocks which lie scattered within it. Sailing through thu Narrows, keep ricarcit the soulhcrn shore: then steer right out south-west, until Green Island opens with Point l^wrcnce, wh«nco shape your course more southerly, in order to clear the llaxards on tho north shore. # ral«r. X- f ,v* « The BRAZIL ROCK.-^ThijyaA very ^oilgeKMis rock, ^Ing Its dimensions are nearly equalSraif a square aero of land, and it brossks high in tempestuous weather. TlH?Ware full 30 fathoms all «round it. Froni'Capn Negro the bearing and distance to the roek are^ S.W. by S.O miks.r .. ^ CAPE 9ABLE i> a low woody island, at the south-eastern extreoUty 4f >aui«i%tt (if sand- cliffs, and lies in 43 deg. 96 min. OsecTi. latitude, and 05^«lcg. ^4<«iio. 30 sec. W. longltitde from Greenwich. It is very renarkatMe at a oonsnlerablO' dii» ^nce in i|ie offing, (he top of nvhir.h Is 1^0 feet above t^ljBvel of high*wntar ark. 'A spit runs out sttutherly with breakers, from (hc> westernmost >sand*€llX^, ere the tide runs at the rate of three, and sometimes four, knots ; and, mUmwi"" wind blows fresh,, a rippling extends from the breakers s(»ut to Ike distanoa of nearly three leagues, and shifts itvidirectien with't4ietMe; with. the 4o«|iitit more westerly, and inclinet to the Eastward' with the ebb. This ripfto nny- beidMi. geroQs tQ pass through }o f'gtle, «s U has all the appearance of ■ l^h i|>raiUMlri,' althongh there ir no less than '9, 10, 12, and 90, fatkont water,' rvckygraimd. N.E. 5| miles distant frdm Gape Sable, -are two sand^dMs, • reoBariMlileifiiMn' «k« At the Came dietlde, on fall a^ change days, €owBateiKhfrkoura, an iL -fafB-' 62 THE BAY f FUNDT. CAPE SABLE to the BAY 0/ FUNDY «//rf dnIGNECTO •BAY. : I"---,. ■ In sailing from Cape Sablo, up the Bay of Fundy, you wiirpass the Seat hies and 'D/sket Bald Isiesy the latter of which are small green isl^s, with red banks of earth. The shore between these and Cape St. Mary is chiefly surrounded with banks of red earth, and the country within appears even and well clothed with wood. ' . , , The coast from the south part of Long Island to pio Gut of Annapolis, is nearly straight; the shore is bound with high rocky cliOs,/above which fs a range of hills that rise to a considerable height; their tops appear smooth and! unbroken, except near the Grand Passage, Petit Passage, Sandy Cdve, and Gulliver's Hole, where those hills sink in Tallies.., From the Giit of Anna^xnis up the ^ay to Cape Split, the coast continues straight, and nearly in th^ same direction, wfth few rocky cliffs veil the Gut, and many banks ofccd earth under high lands, lirhich appear very even. In the Gut, leading into thg^Bason of Mines, from Cape Split to Cape Blowmedowo, and from Cape Dore, oti the nort|i side, to Partridge Island, th^ land rises almdst perpendicuUr from the shore, tcra very great height. Betweeii Cape Blowmedowo and Partridge I^ldnd, there is a greatdepth of water, and.tho stream of the current, even at the ti&e of neap-tid^s^ does not run less than .5 or '6 fathoms. ' \.:- * «. Cape Dore and Cape Chlgnecto arc highlands, with very steep cliffs of rocki and red earth, and deep water close under theijj. You haVe ^n\y the same kind of shore to the head of Chlgnecto Bay, where vety extensive flatk of mud and^ quiek-sand are left dry at low water. The tides come in a bore, and rush in with great rapidity j tbetf aire knoum tojlovo, at the equinoxes, from- 60 tb 70 feet perm | pendicular. . '\ V ^ ^ The Isle Hapte, or Hauto, is remarkable forthe great height and steepness of the rocky °c]|iflBi, which seem to overhang on the west isiiie. GENERAL REMARKS. Ships boun|d up the Bay of Fundy, to St. John's or Annapolis Royal, should take a pil^t at Halifax, as the tides in t^is bay are very rapid, and there is no an- choring gf(!Hi|diuntil you reach Harbour Delute, or Le Tung, or Mahogenes Bay. Id the bay the. weather i; frequently »ery foggy, and th«? S.E. gales blow with great violenceTfoiNwelve or fourteen hours, then shift to %e N.W., and as suddenly blow as violeijtty itbnAhe Qpptfsite quarter, <^ SEAL ISLl^, at the^ranee of the Pay of Fundy^— The southernmost point ,bf the souther^ Seal Isles' O min. 3&seeJW. longitude^ 1 W.N.W. I W. 6| leagues :, b miles S-i K. from the S.W. part of the south Seal Isle, ami W. byN. J N. 6f leagues from C!ape Sat)le^, there is a i:,ock above water, which appears to be ver^ fiDooth. , Between this rock and the south Seal Islands, there are 9 fathoms water. Off the west side of the island, there arft two small rocky islands; between thvm. and the Seal Islands, there are 2 and 3 fathoms water, Aut no saf#;^assage. Between thi Seal islands,, therd' is a channel, about^i miles wide, with 15 fa- thoms water id it. In going through this channel, you should iiteep nearer to the south than toihe north island, because there is a shoal lies off about three-quarters course through this channel is aboiit N.Wt GANPJteT ROCK, a part of which is dry at low water, «csW. byN. ^N. be- tween 4 and p miles distant from the south-westernmos^iBf the Tusket Isles, on the ' " M ' '- - ■ S« E. y THE BAY OF FONDY. 6T S.K. shore of the Bay of Fundy, in latitude 43 deg. 40 mln. 40 see. N. and 66 deg. 9 oiiii. 45 sec. W. longitude from Greenwich; and 14 miles N. J W. from theS.W. part of the south Seal Island; and 9 miles S. by W. } W. from Caipe Forchu* Ahoul 4 miles W. by N. from the Gannct lloclc, 14 miles N.N.W. | W.from the south-west part of the south Seal Island, and 11 miles S.W. | S. from Cape g Forchn, there is a ledge of rocks, which appear about haif.ebb. Between the south Seal Island and the Gannct Rock, there are from 8 to 20 fathoms water; be- tween theGannet and Capo B'orchu, there arc 23, 28, 16, and 14, fathoms. CAPp; FORCHUJies in 43 deg. 51 min. 30 sec. N. latitude, and 60 deg. 10 min. ]!0 sec. W. longitude from Greenwich: is very remarkabl«fc,J^Mng rocky, barren, and high. S, by W. | tV._ off the entrance of the ha*bpr,*/Iie8 the Ba^shot (a blind ruiok, which', is dry at low water, and runs shoal near half a mile to the squthiw^rd). In tailing into the harbour, you may pass on either side of it, and ruoning up W.NlW. as you approachjthe Narrows, keep close to the west shore, 'there being a funken rock nearly midway in the channel. There are two morp !«10so togethvf^ "as you haul around the beach to the eastward (one of these, the easternmost), appears at low water. The best channel is to the northward of them. ,.(■>< ■''' ■ ' - -■ ■ ^' The LttftCHBUi a sunken ledge, Ucs 19 miles N.N.W. from tde Gannet Rock, 12 miles N.W. JW. from Cape Forchu,, 18 miles S.W. from Cape St. Mary, and 24 miles S.S. W. | W. from the south point of JBryer's Island. Between Cape For- ,chu and the Lurcher, "there are 28, 38, and 14, fathoms water. TRINITY LEDGE consists of three stones, which arc left dry at Iom^ water: it lies 5 miles N.E. by E. from the Lurcber Ledge, 12 miles N.N.W. J W. from Cape Forchu, 12 miles S.W. \ W. from Cape St. Mary, and 18 miles S.S.W. from the south point of Bryer's Island. Between Cape Forchu and Trinity Ledge, there are from 12 to 24 fathoms water; between the Ledge and Cape St. Mary, there are 18 fathoms^; between the former and Bryer's Island, there are 42 fathoms; and along the shore, between Cape Forchu and Cape St. Mary, there are 11 and 12. fathoms. BAY of ST. MARY.— From Cape St. Mary upwards into the Bay, the south shore is low, and runs out in sandy flats, for near three-quaiffers of a mile. Thd north shore is surrounded by high steep cliffs, with deep water close under them. Mid-channel, and about two.thirds up the bay, lies a rocky bajak, with 4 and 4| fathoms of water; and on each side of which are channels of 12 and 15 fathoms, muddy bottom. The entrance of the River Sissiboa is shoal, and within has a narrow channel of 2 fathoms water. Opposite to Sissibou, lies Sandy Cotc, where ressds, when it blows hard, may ground safely on mud, and be sheltered from ail 'winds. Grand Passage.— -The sonth entrance of this passage lies 9 miles, pearly. North from t^e south^part of Cape St. Mary : between are from 14 to 30, and^, fathoms* The grand paslage lies between Bfyer's island and theB.W. end of Long Island: and the Petit Pfss^e lies at the NlE. end of Long Island, about 8 miles distant from the (^rand Passage. About 2 miles S.W. from the south.west part of Bryer's Island, lies Black Roek; there are 16 JTathoms water between Black Rock and tlieS.W. point of the island; thjiw«ter;sihoai« About 3 miles N.W. i W. from the north entrance of the Grand* Passi^^ Is the N.fV. Ledge. The widest and deepest channels for ships that come from thi southward, for the Bay of Fuqdy^ is betweca the norUi-west Ledge and the. ■■ ■■;■ \ .' ^ -.nc'' ^X ■ :•- . : « ■ , ■^ -J 61 THE DAY OF FUNDV "^^.. y-^.- nortlicm entrance, lies Eddy Cove^ a conrciilbnt place for vessels tu unrlior in out ahip can stem it. * ANNAPOXIS ROYAL.— The gut leading into the bason of Annapolis Royal, ^ lies in 44 d«g. 46 min. 30 sec. N. latitude, and 65 deg. 46 min. 30 see. VV. longitudo '' from Greenwich. The shore Am both sides, without the Gut, is iron.bound for Kevoral leagues, Froi0 Petit l^ssage, there is a r^oge of hills, rising gradua^lyjo u coflTulerable height, to the entrance of the Gut, where it terminates byastQt>p fall. Here you hare from 25 to 30 and 4p fathoms water, which, as you draw into .' . " After you have entered through this place, caUod ihe Fails, you enter into » gullet, which is alpit^ quarter of a mile wide, aii^ two miles long, wining ip several courses, andbaTing about 16 fathoms in the channel. Ha^Ting passed this gullet, y^ueutcrd fine lairge bason, about oue mUeand a half wide, aodSniles in length, entoriqg into the maj^ river of St John. /^ «It has been ttbsecved, by.A|.desiBarre8, that 4be river St. John ihas suflicieiot depth of iwaterlor large .ships to AheFiltsy^^iiihence it continues Anvigable ^0 miles up Into the country for ressels of 100 tons. At Fort Frederic, ofiposite th^ towA of St.: John, common tides .rise 18 feet ^perji^diifialar, and equinoctial springtides 25 iwt: ab6ve the ,FaUs it,i«l|UMh Aows ^nwe 4h«n 4 feet; . W.hen tlie tide h«0 risen Ki ket^ Ihe fori^ the Falls «re smooth ; tftar .whiqh^ jdvriqg ,^inningof A^ril^and^e.middle^Aif Ma«r,froin 4lie puiltkig «f thesn«w, the J!alls arci«bsolute|!y iiqjiassable tovftfiselsJienw^Jun theriKer, 9s the title da«s not riMs to their lefsl. ff ^ Point Maspeck, dn~the west side of tTieentranc^n(MS<|D^^ WiOiio. aiuUo^gitade 6i dfg. M. «Hn. W.of iKrcAawich. -"^■ .(■-.. 1. 'Direction* ;ri,:S- ST. JOHN S HARBOUR. 63^ Directions for ST. JOIINs ilARBOUll and MAHOGENES BAY; % J/r. Backhouse. *< When you have made Mahogcnes Inland, or Partridge fi>le*, so as to be distin- guished from the light-lionsc on the latter, then make a uignal fur a pilot, and the intelligence from Partridge Iblaiid will immediately be communicated to.^he city of St. John, whence a pilot will join you. Should the wind b#'contrary, or 4ny othdr t)bstpic(ioo itteet you, toi prevent your obtaining the harbour that tide, you may sail in between the S.W. end of Mahogcnes Island and the Main, or between the • N.IO. end and the Main, and come to anchor in 4 or 5 fathoms at low water, mud and sandy bottom. Mark for the best ancboring ground is, to bring, the tbrco hills in the country to the N.E. in a line : in (^ige Ofer Rocky Point Island, a|id the house on Mahogcnes Island to bear S.E. by S. > . i ** Sb ** Oit the Nova Scotia side your soundings willljc from iO»-60, 70, 80, to 95, fa- thoni^ itoneslilie beans, and coarse Siind ; anJ, as yoi^draw to the northwa^rd, the quality of the ground will alter t^a rioc sand, and some small shells with black' spocUs. 'Come no nearer than 50 fathoms, ami as you edge off to the N.W. and ' '^ W.N.W.^u will fail off the bank, and have no^oundings." . ' Farther 'Directions for Sailing into ST. JOHN's HARBOUR; # - lij/ tfm same. • ! ., << \Vmex you«haT# passed Mahogeni s Island; e^geln shore towards Rocky Pointy until Mahogcnes Point is in a line over the N. \V. corner o( Mahogeiies Islanu; sailing in belw'cen Rocky ^oint and Partridge Island with these marks in one, wiM lead you in^he best water OT|,r the bar, uJitil you open Cape Spencer to tbe^rthward of the low point on I^rtri'lge Island, then siarboard your helm, and e^n^b||ards Thquip- ' ^ fon's point, iin\iltbc red||oreat thei^outh end of St. John's j^p^line ever the beacon; keep ticm in onb until yoji pass the beacon at the distance of a ship's bieadth, then naul N N.W. op tl|(v. harbour, keeping the blockhouse, at the uuper p|rt of tl^ harbour, ojMin to t^e westward of the Ki;^g?^ store, situate close to the water«side, which wdl lelu you in mid«channel, up to the wharfs', where yon may lie aground dry, at naif-tide, and clean your ship's bottom, or iie afloat In the f^ stream at single, anchor, and a hawser fa^t to the posts of the wharfs on shore.—- N.B.. The tide of flood herell weak, but the ebb runs very rapidly all the way down, past Mahogenes Island. ^/s- »^ \. . TIDES.— Betw^n Cape Sable, or the Brazil Rock, and St Mary's Bay, the tide of ebb liots out alon^ the shore to the S.ICward, till irioses its strength at the Brazil Rock, and meets theebb at right aitgles, coming along shore from the E.N. E. ward. .. I The sprmg tides in the Bay of Fundy rise to SO^feet perpendicular, and neap .^ tides rise from 20 to 29 feet : they flow on full and change, at St. John's, Mahogenei ■ Bay, Annapolis Royal, Jiarbour Delate, Le Tung, and Grandmaonan Island, at " 12 o'clock. The tides set neairly»alon^the Ahores.'*^ '^;^;i \ T In Chignecto Jgy.th e tid e flo w s w i t h g r eat ra p id it y, as b e fo r e m e ntion ed;^ from 60 'w 70 feet perpendicular. Viy means of ahd at, the equinox^^ rises '#• These Oirecti^ IbonM be cooipa^d witi^Mr^Backli^mc's Chart of thai Harboor. ,.> >; '.*■ f}. ;# 66 PASSAMAQTTADir TO CATE*EL1ZABETH* these high tides, the Bdson of Minm, and sereral fine rivers, vih'xch disfh.irg« (hom. selves about the hoiid of the Ibiy of Fnndy. afe rendrrcd niivi^alijc^ If is worthy of remark, that, at the 8amc timr, the (lulf of St. i tV'' L LargCtthipiff bound into the Baiff Bho the eastward of Carapo BcUo) iMriiig Dcarly N'.IO. J)y E. towanls the VVolvf8,*Mhi«:h lie about 8'foilcS eastwafrd^ 'iyf)K>m Cainpo Brilo. ^u soon as the passage bt'tueun Campo Ui-llo and the IVtiite Home bears W.N.W. stocr for it^ leaving-^he White Horse oh ydur starbuoird sidef and keeping Campo Bi'llo nearest on board. You will now sve Harbour Dc<- jutc, above ipcntioned, and will leave several islands on your stiM-boai:d side, when vou pa'is the White Horse. In sailing} down y^u will ojpcQ a Farge bay. to Jtbe VV.S.W. capabltvuf containing 400 sail of the line. \ ' \ Between the W^lvts and the tsUnd of Campo BcMn there is a depth of. from 60 to 100 fathoms^ With (he hitter beating S.S.R. or f..K. there is a depth of 19 and. 20 fathoms, where sbips may qiichor &ecui;$ly from :all winds. The course thenco to Moose Islandis W.S.W.S^Ieagui's. If bound ft-itm Moise Island up the River Scoodick, as you pass Bald llead^ gi^e it a berth of half a mile, as a ledge of rocks lies off it! Having passed (his point, the course and distance to \)alc i^oint^ , or Devil's Hcad» will be N.N.W. 9 leagues. The latter may be seen Cor 10 or 12 leagues. V ' . The,,^ottn and Harbour of St. Andrew lie nearly ^. N. W. 6 leagues from Moose l^lvnd, on the eastern side of the entrance of the Scoodick. The town is a pleasant little place, and the harbour b((!ing good) many ships load timber here, which is genirally much longer than that of Nofa Scotia. The merchants of this town load (imbet* ailso at other placrs^ vjz. at Oak Bay, on the Scoodirk, and at "Rushabec, Dcgedcquash, and MagadavicjiL, on; the N. E. side of Passamaquady Bay, all being excellent and very convenient harbours. Jn the Bay, in general, there are from 17 tQ 25 fathoms water n T{^e«.->— Common tides Ivithin the WesteAi Passage rise abont 20 feet.. At Moose Island t hi! tide liow.s at 11 o'clock, lull and change; and runs, when strongest, between Moose jsland and Marble Island, and between Deer IslantT and Campo ^ Belb, nearly 5 miles an hour. In the Baj^, ^he stream of' tide is scarcely percep- '^tible. ' ./^ '*■' ■:■:■ -■■/- - /J \, L.J..^.. t«p ' r//e COAST ^yESTWARD V/ PASSAMAQUADY, The most remarkable elevations of land between the Bay of Passamaquady and Cape Elizabeib are the Skuttock llUls, Mount Desert Hills, and Hil^ of Penobscot, Tjie^kiittoecJc- Hills are Ave in number, and at a distancfe.appear rcwd: theyjie to the N.N E. of the Port of Gotdsborough, and are readily distmgnishable from any jiilts to the eastward. These' hiifa^toy, in clear weather, be seeil froni adis-^ tance ofvlS to 20 leagues. The Penot^St HiH^ may be seen from the N. W. to tbe^ N. N.li^ver the Fox Islands. Whenwithin 4 Of 5 leagues of the Mount Desert Jfills, theSkntiofk Hills ^11 bear abont N.N. ^. ^ ' / In, sailing tqjvards this coast, care must be taken to iroid (he Mouol! Desert RocV, whioh-lies 6 1^'%LU^ ^o thO'Soalhwar^ of Mount J^tfsert Island; phserving, also, tojiiake proper w^wance h)rth^tide„&c.' AttheM'■' ■ ' ' ■■ boam I It it '68 \ ^ ' litl.nti futhb to Mac boanlt^ndj when ) birvhitrcrb, ancnbaving a h >bo!ils., You may k<>ep on the MCftlhHvird. ;^ LBIA^DADY TO CAPE ELIZA BKTrf. '*n^ Jbi^ingiiig ^^^^i" M IMf ''^ iiroa^p, the1iSi1>pum,^|BTjg^ ■"^'ififf^i' Kasrterrt Fa^«ijj{ie^V^i'Mi?^ #«■«<, ithouf, called the'I^tlc li^aniin, i uMattjur, whhb is c^nhcricd wUH the'lan I (lie fr^i'bour is a/piilje bti please. > ' ,V .;s>pij|iig/on <»hicV lie in be left gn the of coui>e io m Jut a league from ll4^ land, i, and you ,lmay aiychur lu ps, whtffi entering into (be V T T u ..•^T_^-2,-,.-,.-.>^-^-^JSLAND.(r-Tb««Li:^t jQu thtj starboard hand^ tiPerc is als6 a long ledge fheljtr.board 8ide,^yhiG|)!€*gn4s b«lf amilfcoft: therdb, howefcr, a Jooil tMrn- bh^nnel between.^ The'^.Wi^ssage is not fit fo^ a largo vessel at iLw wa(er; if; at high.water, a?.)r onc.^jUr«nterj by kcjfpiiig nearest .to t\ie starbokrd shorej h<>n saiiinff in. Thiii: hn><*ii''iilinn* ic PArJnieafa aa 4h«.«. :« : 'Uir iU ii.-,.|j' a \nntr ark only 6 or steer N.VV.\ ■ . .1* ■ '-- -M-j—T - -- ~i — —""-«,—««, »^»,;oin: where. ^|tMnyvri|id,,youwilllies^Iy^, A V n | ii . • \ ' ■ 4^,jPEN0pSCpTBAY.ii-If coming iJn from the soutK-Wcstward, aod ^^ing near Wtlift^ Head, be careful not iq haul in for it until \t bears N.E. as yoii ivill thus avoljl a grca|»4cdg;^ of rocks, lying neatly ^.N.W. one mile fron^^ »>i^ Head. t w Inithi^tf this ledge, at about a pistQ|.«hqt frpm sliore^ t . pa«Biii^ the Head, tb the easMvari^j ,you vri]l]Bee a go -> ]ij^nd,« called S^0a///arftotir, w1)etti|iyou may, lie safe .'in. give the larboard ^bore a bcrth,^ to avbid'aj^nk^^ the harbour, ahd b thlrd$ 4)(Ter the mout n-^ter.. ^ From White HealFI9^sb Poirtt, or Tslanti, ab6ut ojpe league. This island has a rockj/ab vhich d|ust be left on the larboard Hand. W/hen ,4im»lljMWh, and steer N.N.E. orNtE. by^N. for t islauihjuu tlie Marboard side; ttarinf ad^aliig^^^ w^l be about E.NtE. for the Owl's Head, wmchhas a goi ilde in proceeding eastward. is asafefi«isajge.. In ibour on ih(» larboard any wind. I In going Extending apdut two- sea, cxc^£ at .high- so and distance ire N.^ ypiie to the S.W. of it* 'id the island, give it a *g //ggrf, leaving wo /■■ i" \\ jioardsjiore^ the course barbouT on the jarltpard ■#*■ -■'M w- whl I that opei tide cic I L . chai or r beai islttt the Poii youi the whi« ledg unc( Mov />mo( \\ '^x\ e ^ K.N eouti and Islai you. pass toil li!agi the I The fe' the^ y 01.1 1 ^»coleP .soon Ihec a be whci wind In ingt mi : -Kl steer you abou of th duei m 'A 4ti las •.Mi- . *i , tk; r^' < 'or as ^ ;^ PASSAMAQUADV TOX CAPK StTZAB^TH. 6d ?; Oufs Ihad Harbour mikes with « deep cot«. To Mil in, bring a roclty poinf, whicli lii'B oil your starboard side) to bear N.E. and a liNlgo of r'oclis that lif without ithat point, lo bear ti!.N.E. add anchor in 4 fathoms,^uddy bottom. You wili lie * open to tho wind at E. by N. and E.N.E., but, with all other winds, are safe. The tide of Hood here sets to the, paslward, and the tide of ebb S. W. through tho Mus« cle ridges. , > Large ressels should hot attempt passing between the Muscle ridges. The best channel is by TitQsBnsh Island^ leaving it on the larboard side, and steering E.N.E. or N.E. by J^. about 2 leagues, when Penobscot Bay will be open: you may then bear away fur rithm" side of Long Island. If you pass to the westward of this island, your caur-ie will bo N.N.E. to Gjftiat Spruce Head, which bating passed, to the distance of 7 Iciigiies, the course will b(rN.E« by N. A leagues, to Old Fort Point. In steering this Course you will leave Belfast Bay and Brigadier's Island on your lirboard hand. In procectling for this island, which haf^.a good harbour, keep- the larboard shore on board. When you pass the island, for the Old Fort Folntj which has no trees on it, observe, before you come to it, that an eiteosivo ledge of roclis lies about ihree.quarters o^a mile to the ES.E. of it,' which is uncovered at half-tide. These rocks are readily discoverable, when tho wind Mows by the breakers. You may pass within a cable's length of Fort Point in smooth water. When bound up jPenobsrotRLvcr from Old Fort Point, with the wind a.head, and n ebb<(ide, you may make a good harbour iti the East River, which lief about '^.N.E. one ieagqe from Old Fort Point. The e^ntrance of this, river lies to tho . south' west ward of Waldow's Island, in which^jilaco you,may lie safely from all winds, and anchor in 6 or 7 falhbms, good holding gfdnn^ You must leave Waldow's Island and several rocks, which arc above water on thelarboard hand. If requisite, you. may aiich/)r to tlie N.W. of the island on the starboard hand, before you pass through;/ but, with the wind and tide in your favour, you may proceed up to Marsh Bavy keeping the larboard shore best bn-board. Marsh Bay is about 2 li!aguis fromWaldow Island. When passing the bay, keep nearly in the middle of • the river, ai/dyou will have neither rocks nor shoals, until you arrive at the Falls. The exict Course up the river is not exactly defined, but you will sometimes go to the westwa/id, aivd sometimes to the eastward, of North. ' * When entering l^enoHscot Bay, and being bound to the eastward of Long Island, your coiii/sc Mill be N.E. by N. leaving Long Island on your larboard hand. This "^colQI^se w^il carry yon up to Bagaduce. If yon intend going into this harbour, so soon as ^ bears E.N.E. you may run in, stgerjng E.N.E. and keeping the middle of the channel on your starboard hand, until yon pass the first island, giving that island a berth of half a mile ; then haul to the southward until the island bears W. S.W. when you may anchor in 10 or 8 fathoms, muddy bottom, and lie safely from all winds. . , \ * In goihg^to thcliarbovr df Bagaduce, you wil| leave three islands on your y|arbdiit||pnri|li^ but, if bound up Penobscot River, you must steer North, leaving ^^^^iS^ ""^ i^l.' "^ ^^^ ^'^ ^**'^ ^"'"^ ®" y^**' larboard hand, and then follow, ing thee^fors,j^yot^havc not a good breeze o^wIna; • ol^X^ltigs a^n ho^^T.^^ 1^^ lif wi)th spri8^|^|fta on y^ur starboard hand, and cannot stenrme uwni a will leave a large islaii iral other islands on. the larboarci'^Wbeii yon get te the northward of the first * *^-. . •: ""- / ". " ( ' .. ■ island. ^f^' m J I ■!>■:':;. ■« K: X* 70 ,v> Wand, f «hc t.do bj «bbyi«, you ihugUtlSI'rfpr ih«. ^ao ^..^ar- f,ofli^w ; ^Mf ««■• two Juki. rock8, uh.rh apiu-ar wl,ff«, and rt..emble th«, $^Ire Mictted by thdr name:* wKqii y„u |.a8» |<, the Hest«»rd of the S..««r.Lo«»c»; yo« i :Qn your lar- board, keeping your course north, a little easterly. Here jrTrrcqtitsit«i»J«iye « HUSSEY'S SOUND.— If coming from the easfwai-t^of this>1ae4», and you make Sieaguin JRUpd, hrmg it to bear east, when you may. stee^ west for the Sound, in case you have a T.ir wind and day.lightjas there are islandt4)n the 8tarboan^hflnd, between which the tide sets strongly. ^^IViieu within two miles of th^ So..b.L you Hill make two inlands, without tries, and called Gree^t btands. -Continu^ your coiirso unti yon make Ilnssey's Sound, bearing N.N. E., when you 'ma* Wr ia lllmil that lllriate.inn In .!.:<. I,»_l _ n.r\n ;■ ? !■ ' •. 'i . U <_ ',. „ . ** upon that aodi JI in all wiuds ^ -X- liat tliree ton. In this harbour 200 sail«of yesseis m-iy lie safely 1 k hen %vmd and tide servesj-yiiju may be out, to sea in ontfhiiu^ ,^^PE E/^rZADElH and PORTLAND HAilBOUR.-UpoflPdrilandPoW, Jiirh.ch les about 4 miles to the northward of Cape Elizabeth, there stands a light- honjie, budt of sione, and 72 feet high, exclusive of the lantern ; which is, of course. It S;«^f,**^«V"t'^''y «" thjsxoast. . The sounder ha.bbur of Portland is-buoycd, and the lojlowmg directions are to he observed when sailing in : • "T ' J^ comme from thfc south-westward^, when within half a mile of Cape Elizabeth,* tUtedhuo^,on Broad Cove^ Rock may be seen: This buoy bears N.N.E. from the pilch of tiie Cape, distant one mile and a half, and lies in 24 feet water. When ad, Tanced to it, Ieav6 it to the larboard, at half,a cable's length, andsieer N.by K. 4 h. onciq.Ie, which will carry you up to the ifA/^e buoy on Trundjil'sReef, lying iu 16 feet water: give this the same berth as the former. You may run iN..by VV. i W. 3 nnles, forPortland lighthouse; and,, when up with the point, i*pon which iite l.gbthouse stands, give it a small berth,v and steer N. by W; letCving 'floir,., or Hang, Island on the starboard side, ail you come to House Isknd, theS.VV. noioi. of which bt'ars north from the lighthouse, distant about 2 mi%. Before yor'afff i'^vv"! w' 1-*'*°*^' **lf *'"'* *""> "° Spring Point Ledge n^ b^- seen; it bears r^.W. by W. from the S.W. part of House Island, distant half a mile, and lies in 14 te^ water. When up with this buQy. vou opea the town? and, yiviny it a i»"malL m^ * r«r.a!^a*""f ""J^ ^l!""*'i '»rge Chart of the Coasts betw«wo Halifax and New York; which ceauuos a patMcidar Chan of Keanebeck and Sbeepscul Riven, by Capt. Jveph Boddart, F.R.S. "-- — ''■^'—^~ — :~"C~v~"~'"~~i:7 ~"^ '^ — .'""" ' ,' , bertlly O r^ „-^ nd/ (>/ 4 ■'!%' I. •» J""j™3«f 'l,'-i 'JJ^PW' ' M" Hi CAPE ELIZA>CTH TO CAPE ANM. I aiichuroff the (owiH at pleasure/ » / p ' •• \i, f"u Mitiy I '*"'^J»"»^ observed th»t, all the !>iion, aborc irtention.d, arc to be left on th» n^iTll^'." "'"fi" "*^"» 1"^ "^^^^ '••""^^ -''"^" •"^•""""«J «- ai «w water . Be8ult.j the abqvo tlH^ro are, also, tWo .mall buo>,, ly|„g upui, two ledue h^^ mUl hea^Pa»sage, at the N E. part of U.gg', Island : thi, pas. gc i. narrow and ZxllL «.ed by ar«a...ael..^ By keeping mid,.ay between rh(. t^o buCrrrh; r"jo\^th^^ •tarb^ard, ariU the white on the. larboard, when Buin/in*vou U^ll m!# h!.« i Co;^ i;/«a6t/A>fra5oTfl! 4 mllc» south of Bass'i Island and tl,*r« t. , i i called the r.„-/4* W, a. ./,/.„;, /i„,,^ ^Jj^^ ^J'J^ "J i nX 'ffo mI!o „Cape, and abiM.t 3 loa^W. S.S K. "from the IlKh.huu.e. it ha/onlv orTo f ? %*ter.^vef It; and, iu rough" weather, the .ea rjeat. on it. ^ * *° ^''' CAPE KLIZABETH %CAPE AnSe FaoM^Capc Elizabeth tt^;\Vood Island, on thi south side of Saco i5av, the Wnri. nddistanceareaboutS W. I S. Smiles; and 1 hence to Cape PorpSswSvS ^i^^^t'^w^^ '^'^"'^ -^ cape'porpr::' -^1,^^ and 7 miles. tempted only wjih a pd«it. <|ockNubbl6, i.theCapr»a«lre«f,!^^^""^^ ^ and, cl The WHITE IJILL^-The White Iliy/iresl^^ ^rortant laud-mark tp.those approachin| th,sv.Voa«ts,'^a"i;Vay ^sl^atv" eagoe, off at sea, -ke aj,r ght cbnd ab'ore !he horizon, and^whe^ no o Luud is m s ght. l-hey I ie N.W. from PoMlantf, ^nd N.N.W.'/rom WoodlsUd Thev ftavc been seen in latitude. 43 deir. in m!n «. a/i .„:i„„ f.„_ /r^_ .... "'•*""• f >py ■ the northward of Cape 2Vwl- "T4hl ^ «n7'^K'" '»*""*« '43 Heg. 10 min! at 46 miles from Cape EllzXth IwhZ or W ^W" ^^•''°"!,V«^ r*?' '""^'«y g'"""'l- I^ from this spot, you steer nT or W.N.W, you W.IJ make AgamenticusHilhyyxWiclr, when bearing W by N^6 or ' uni.s, .,.„ acq.aint\.d,«.th the eoast, anr^et^tlht^h y^T ;o^h?trw"^^^f Boon Island Led,. 8. Nc«l Between/ 3^ff,rffs Bank and the hies e/ Shouls there are 70 ^nd 75 fathoms o^'.. atei m^{.d.v bottom, a„das..o..g current setting totheS.W. Tl^lsjeVXlat lay be seen 5 or 6 leagues utt. when you are to the eastward of the™- bJtin^S jeatheryou wiils-e the M.eMn.-house Qrst, which is on one of theTsllnd, ^ dc5crj,,t.on of it hereafter.) If boundto tl.e westwa.:d «f thUJuL J* „^o IW "^ mouth, or Newbu^r Port, g.ve th,yn a berth of 3'miles, as a^ W .^k m^» W. Koc^ wh.ch .s oocovered before low wa.er, lip, ^ mile.^ b^ " ""^-^ ■m^ PLSCATAilUA, orlQJTSJViaUTH HAJLBOim.-l-The entranfe of t»^, bour of I'onsu^uuti. is d..J!n..he A. a l-gSouse^aacU^^ ^1|^ |g|j.i«^Jgflig^ti|exhibitdU. * . . -^^" '^ '.j^ the westeru side, and up .1« '. *.'^',i> .,0 , « ^a '•%£:'. H CAfrE ELI 2A BETH tO CAP* AN X. ■ Amc, «nJ bclnf lo (bo cMw.rd of (he Drjf Suhagti, bring Ihem to bjrar S. by L., and steer N. by W. o, N I Wm on Hhich iourwyou will niikc th« /,fc, o/AAod/,, tml mov thcn»-o(«ko a new drpJrture. Uriog St4r Islaod S.S. K., a.uKhe.i r«ii N.N.W.; bu», ihould tho n ind come to (ho norillw.rd, and you ar« obliged (o turn into PorUniou(h, stand to the westward no farther tluyyiLbring (he light (o bear north, until you arrit e wj^n OMorne»* or Judkn^JmKmi « hci^Manding to the c«^tv»a,d, you should (ack rautlQus of ani>r«SR>Pil^^*' '*<""' *»»«" c«mi»g in from (ho nuulh-wtstwart , ui M...ken rocki U(SrU to more (ha., half ami)*-, which do not appear wi.h of-Hho-a liodi. In fctanUg to the eastward, be likt-wlso cautious of (ho trhaie'>Ua,:kf which ll« »^S. W. from Wood Isl-inil, and is covered at half-hdo. , , Sw At the entrance of the harbour thej«MjJjb on foil and cbati|(» 4f Jl, «t aijuaTlfcr ''^^p:i^}ro. tki. port. i/ii^S^ n^l-^. ^T ff -^f^f««^ f:- the liSurousd, then N. K. by N. fur Old Vork, or Cape Neddock: but, wrh a t«rnS#ind!>..Ht bo tautlou. of >W* /^rfx*^, ^'"ch b.a.^f.om Wn %./ sT Knt "2 leLuea. There Is also a lunkm ledge, called U,eTnu„gle, ly.n^ SViUjr mile Join York Ledge, which is nc»cr unco»ercd» but always breaks at (me part of York Ledge iiunc<»*ercd at halfaklc. — ^ re;^li«on Wane/; which lies S,K. from Capo Ncddock. there U a h^jh beacon, ioifieform of a lighthouse. A ledge of rocks lie one mile duo nor h frO.n th||. SaS, of which beware. There is, al«o, a .cry dangerous r^f, ;>ear.og mt on^ Ibgue from tli island, and S.K. 6 or 6 league, from Jgamntkus im* ague irooi uip iBiauu, •..-v^.— ^ -. - ---„ » rocky islanS three-quarter, of a mile m «f "«*h/'r .^J.^' »*;}!l' ? !„^"'^, #^ dUtatit, . ^ aUhifiby its M«ting«hoii|e, is about three-quarter, bf a mile find about half a mile in br«jadthj it. nortb end is ^m'- -•4 ■mail being ubIv aboat^nfr n»»agtet-nf a imiO f rgm eaw w w^»«. * »« ^'Z;";; . ^ , . hiU-^, wWch bears E. by S. from the MeeUng-hou.*. _ _ _ ^^^^ I: i •¥ » Ibo ^'^» (^-^ ." kc «' ^ •",. i i thu % nd ta ^n lack U« ., U, ui . ilioia . ^ackf arlfcr from i'h ,x n^o:i \yin4 kiiMt icon«^ In, is *ik* il vW <>acli||k luUedpl^ «e8^ ^ mile I mile ntl is o the iiig Hi' Jt h Ports- .^ lalahH Off ^ock, IS also boiiftt ; it is bears red at, muHy k huMi C itrZABETH TO CAPE ANNE, \ 7S SmuHjf N»n hl^U nMrljr Ibrcc-qaartrrs of a mile in ion«th from east (o weit •ml Nbout half a mile In br.rtd«h. It nwy bo known bv a windmiir on its north nart' At the wrii rnd u a fine harbour, railed //«/*•»'« Cove, wbira fiftcrn or twrnf J small ?4wit«l8 may lie safely in all winds. There arc trftt al biiildinc s near this uhve Brtw,-en the island and Hog Island, which lies to the northward, there is o fln« clunnil, with sufficient dipt h of Halcr for any fessel, by kee|>ing nearly in mid- chanovi The east end of Smutty J^ MBUM ' nd hs a n frn i n tliii M l i l ill i lll . fllJ B Hf irxic'' Duck hlaitd is (he nndhernmost of the Isles'of Shoals. It Is long, low anil rocky. Some |uir(s sr NEWBURY PORT.— The entrance of Newbury Port7 ir Newbury Harbouri is distinguished by two l««h;ho„.es, standing on the northern ^rt of Plum Island It lies nrarly 7j leagues S.W. { S. fr.im Cape Neddock Nubble. If cominn round Cape Annr, %^i about 2 miles to the northward «rf the Drj, Salvage Rock, before mentioned, bring It t» bear S.fc., and steer N.W. 4( leagues, whicli will bring il to Newbury Oar. In running for the bar from the eastward, strangers should not approach near Hampton Harbour, as off its mouth lies several sanken rocks. ^ Hampton Harbour lies about 5 mites north from the southern estremitf of Sails, bury Point; between, at the distance of 3 mlks N. by E. | E. from the lights on .^lum Island, lies another dangerous rock, having only n\ feet water orer it. A If you advance no farther westward than for the lights on Plum Island to bear 'S.W., no danger is to be apprehended from either of the rocks above mentioned; but that course to the bar would lead to the North breaker: you must, therefore, brinK~ the lights to bear W. by S. and anchor in H or U fathoms water, should the tid« not permit you to sail In. No Teasel going in should approach the South breaker nearer than in 7 fathoms; or nearer the Neii the TibH^a, and you may anchor in from 3^ to 6 fathoms, ripar sandy bottom: or run your>si|el on shore, on tho starboard side, jhould you happen to be without •nchoni and cibliM. , . . >. j Whin thii weatli^a4ii so boisterous that boats rgnnot get off, • flag is hoisted on shore, near the lighthotta^. so soon as there is a sufficiei.t depth for vessels upon th« har, which may then run as'ktiove dirccteil. i, «. . i .• j- The Sutvagety before mentl^te«d, bear from Ilalbut Point ES.E. 4f mile^dis- lant ; and from Cape Anne lighthoilKs « hich stand on I'halcher's Island, N.N^ 3 miles. Between them and Cape AntrNticre is a paiaage. 'v CAPE SABLE, of NOVA SCOTIA>s fathoms water in the length of a boat. Vou will have 17 fathoms water within a cable's length of it, deepeoinj(, as you stand from it, to 90 fathoms. A« yoji approach tho bank, yon sounds in from 60 to 35 fathoms, brown ittud^. Kith black stones and broken shells; . .fiten in Sidrfiikoros, it growarocky. "I'hc current on thel Ledge is excredingly rapid and nnieeoiintaliLlei/^ If the wiMlAlowastfohf ly.^ aayjcssid woaldfuttfldar^aUhu ttglL #he should not stVike im it.. ... The latitude of the ledge, by four days good ob«erta- iiOd, ai43d«g. Inia. OMcNir~~^lii •he i fhi cci scr " ...-^ ■v; Ir. * "•s, ^•».« *'•.,!... ""-S., Ha^i sable to cape cqd, boitow, ftc« •tioutd cnaihIViMtr (o kMp clear of it. On tiM •boileit ptrt (here filki %t low w»ier> . . '; l( hatilnce been MidT.^jr A/r. f?acA;Aouf«, Muf«r of hiiMijectj't ihV^Jf^onmul. « that this Mg« rxtrndt noHli tntliouih 7 leKguei; the ihoalMt part b^nitwr th« centre uf iho bank, eiU'nduiK a qi>»cter of • mile encb wa/. The Icdne, ho ob- iertra, bvart from Cape Aiinw E. \ N. tt1«a||*K)if ihe»hoalrit part beitiK in thelati- j|^ b^ a llghthonse de- •cribid hereaftiir, and tlie coofie tfcrneeNi^Plymouth UarbotK is west, distant 7 leagues. This harbour may be known bv aVound hummock, tythi;^ its ndrtherii side, called (he Gurne/, upon which two lights tie established ; and, divitssouthcrd ■ide, by a double high land, called the MonuroenK The Monument side is fgll ol (/shoals and quick.sands, which dry in Several places •Shut, on the Gurnet, or side, there is a fair channel, in which yoU may ride s^ly with an^ wind but Msterly one. But, should an easterly wind happen to blW i6 hard as to force yoa from your anchor, you must run farther Up th^ h4rbour^4nd anchor within thd sandy Uiand, calli^ Br^ltn^t bland. TU ^ Ebt^i/^*^ tlarhouTy as given by American PUotsXarp as foUow?-^ *'(P''?^^'"***^ •• capacioua, but shallow ; and is furmU by a long and Qarrow n^% off f4u^,^|«i^l^ Sattkoute Beach, eitendin^ southerly frdm Maral^UL and terminatthJE^UJi^ Guhtet^ad, a^nd by a smaller beach within, rknqing in av opposite direction, and connected —''^ "' • • • « . ^. a . miles from the town. The lighth surface of the sea, and are so Mtuated thaTlhej^^caMebt be brought •orthward, uniesii to those on shore. '^^^**^ From these lights the high land of the Monunent ment Point S.S.E. 3 leagues ; Sauuash Head W. | S. 3 mileT^e easternmost pf Browne's Island or Sho^l. whifefr dries. S .S.W; i andf|, |nd t hr Gnrntit Rock E. by S. | $. one.third of a mile i on this rock 're bi which time ail the soundings here mentioned were taken. x^ ..^^ The Ourntt boat from th^'Race-j^t of Ca|^C«tf W. ^S. idMC tagn^ ^ «' >4 \ i: '• V r-h:.' ^^ m : -■ ■ ' 1: ■ , ¥■:. * '» .■4^' ,' ^ jjiro^ecAlng for Plymouth^ no soqn asi'ou ha;ve shut in (he sandy liinVrith'tlieGiijirnrt^ ^ lieail, yiou will b« clear of the Gurnet Ruck ; aMcr which yoi{ aimt be cautious of hauling close to the head, hs there are many sunken rock^ at v^nw dii>|aiit'c from iiliure# When 70U haV^ broucht SaquaBh*h<^ad to bear, W^ by N. yoii 1^^ W. by S.', .and, if'bound for* Vlymovth^ yOH must keep th«t>Ouriie townlrds a largf red cljjiToni the* main, whtch is a, very good marli for leading cica/' of i)|Vi^s^^^ yoa'^w III then s'teer more southerly for Hijack-point^ >or rtiii up iltt^oii are abi^a^ ' of Saquaiih^headf giTing it a distance of one quarter oif a mile. ' Tlicn sfver W. by '* S. I Sr which.will carry yon dear of Dick's Flat directly for Beach-poiW, keeping 4 within 15 or 30 yards of the sandy point a» you cdgV awa'yto the southward, ilntil. , yon have shut in the lights, ^whereyou may anchor in 3 or 4 /athonis ; but^ the ch«»«* ,iicl is Tery narrow, having nothing ilut a flat all the way to Fiymoutb,' except this small channcT, which runscloSe to the neck of land^ and ia'which you will hare 4 ' ,< or 5 fathoms close to the sandy point. ;: ''■'/*''. ^ -v * > ♦ ■ If baund into the Gota-gardf steer as above directed, which m\}\ lead clear-of- Dick's Flat and the tnuscle-bank ; obscrYing.to kee.p tiie house on the Uurnut.hrad \just open with Saqnash.head, nntil y^u ha.Ve opcnt-d^ihe high pines uith 6'/rM*jr inlands; then yon wilt be clear of the ihn&clc.bank, and may steer N.W. uatil yoii s;..h^»r 9 fathoms at low water. ^ ' vv '• >. " " •♦.-,- ^^n turning into Pltfmouth\ yon slfould not stand Jo- ifhe. northward into less tham' ' ^fathoms, as it runs dat a long way olf from the Guri)eit.be^d toSaquash; and ojF both the heads a point of rocks extend to a,c * frpm Saqnash to the inuselcbank'; so that you should "nin^standiittb less depth Uian that above mentioned : and^ in standing towards the sands to the southward, yoi» 'Shotfid tack In 4 fathoms, as „it is steep.to, and you may obsi^x:jP the rip^s ni|l(^s the water b6 very sniooth. The shoal extends ttom abre,ast of the lights to Beach-point, tt«d the greatt^t part of it is uncovered at low e)>bs. '.. ; r ■ 'In tming jfxpm the southuardfor PtymOutH Harbour ^ yoft^ust nOt ippJ^'n tht^ , * northern light to the westward, but keep them in on^ bearing f^.'^.^^ \ W., v(\\a0 will (Sarry yod into 6 fathoms, by the eastt'rnraOst par|orBro$«n^s: Island orShe'al) )(eq)^|g that cdurse until you aie within half a mile of t^ Gurnet-head, (>r3le^h% Hhert; you will 1>ate but 4 fathoms : Saquash»)kead |vill titen bear Mek by N; ^ W9k northerly, and the two outermost trees ort thie head be iii one: when you<^n)ay;^sidK*X: dfircctly for them, until you bring the lighthouse tp beaY E^N.^Ei^' and the' htiuM; oii^>^ ^aquash N.W., jqst open with the first sandy beach, where you" inay anchor in >S4- quash jroady» in 4 tathoms, good clear bottom'; but,, if bound to Plymouth, or.the ' Cow-ya|rd, you must steer as before directed: ^ \\ . 4 • Shotild you fall in to the southward of Brown*« Island or Sho^l, between th«ni ;> . 'and the Monudtent land, where, lo s6n)^.pla^el, you will find 'SO fathoms^.y.QU musics ** , hot attempt to run for the lightt, until'youhav^ birought them on uith eacif othferf - ^ Island or Shoal,". -5s (\ -i,*^ ttearing N.N.'W* 4 W.; for, if you do, you irill run. on Browif's M there is no ^Mge even for a boat at low^ water. _^ ^^- • r^^ ' In coming in Jirdm the norihvsard, for Pfy mouth/ jri^^ov^H nbt^rJng the tight^" ■■« tangewith Captain's Hill, whkh-w II tlicn bear W.% S,' 4t .txtcnds.N.N.E. an*^> ^ S.S.W. nearly a mile, and has 4 oc 5 fathums. close t|>^;w^.^ti deepens gradually M you. run to the eastward froin u« having 10 to , t^itiMJ^tia at- the distance bf„ Bile. . Jhfiwy/b^.wkh the lights bearing S. by W., pr W. by S. niUtl yon hate the lights bcf ring E.N.£^,' ^ chor until dayrMght. ■^' the.sdfutl^afA until i\^ ro&Lj aiidtiiiay steer op:t/ ii will be prKfdeu^ to IB ;rhe.tidti1lf#iB^yn|outb nnliLniiM o'clock, on the fujUpu4cI|aU({e.'r p ^ M- m #> Sf . IvesI Cv..^.n.- ihen stoer for it until you arc within two^tables' Jength diiitance : come no nearer to it, but run in until it be,|fr N. by Et; youmay then stei^V. by S. ,abo..t 4 m,le, for NantaskVt Road, wJieTe, % the wither be so^bad alT. pre«nt your getting a pilot from the island, ^oq miy anchw, and ridq in safety. ^ If jpe *'"«,»> contrary, yoyi niray stand in the scitith Ward Cill ydu bring the light to bear W. N.W. ani| to the northward till it bears W^iS.W. ,.neri yon come wlthitl > ' .w .• L°: ' .' '•'«" yo" ?»"'* ""* "^*"'* *** *•>« Bbrthwafd a..| f4rth«f than to frinjj Jh* light to bear W. by N., nor to the soiith^fard than tiU« be4rt W.J^.W.; you *e> wheii you proceed from Cape Cod for Boston Bay, with a floM-tide. »ou should peer about yie point tp the northward of the b^rorc-mentionedt^cbursl b "■>" . J'. V f («c- i -s- 1^^' m ; m$ctkns for Sailhi^ ^ CAPE COB Ll6lJff-HOUSK * (Pubihhed^;lf the Boston J^aHne Sackfy, forihe benefit of their s^J^ninr ■■■'■"■'. >*4frethrent 1800^ P,L?^^'^f '"^ ^^K 1 ^rJl'I.^^'**"' a Llght-house ha. been erected at the Clay " Z-Il:i ,"'*: ^°*K {^'»9P«e » crWted pilu,lafli^ereT^ted about 150 feet, which, , with the clcTJition of the Jank^n, makes thfwMe height 200 feet aborV hi«h! If^T^ ^" «"«" »>«Uhi8 light may be dilingnished from ^e Con and ' 0*h«r j'ghtj on our coast, in e^Uipscr is erected, ^hich will revoUc round the lamm X , onCf in 80 sct^nds; so that ihejlght will he nearly excluded from the eye of tE . • t ;PI";o'»«=^'%»««""er, about ib seconds in one rc>olufi«>n pf the eclipse. To ren. %: :-% J^f.tJ«^!>cneVoIenl,d,jMgns of tongrcssas extensively useful as possible, the Marina ' . Socetyatr Boston, by a lar^comfalttce from their body, whlse news have b^J \ iecor.ded^by others, have ti^^n such,;bean..gs and distances aij^ they thooghtn^tt! - lary ; j*hlcb observations, giving light and safet;, are added for th Aen6fit of all *" interested, and are as follow :-u . • . « «i»«^» aii If oiit«ard.bou..d from BiJ^ltiw Xigiit.fioiwe,:and yOu'would wish td fall jn^with , : Sr ^•'«*' *K/'f«"^«« » ES.E. 15 r^agues; thence 3 l*ag,^c« to the Likht-houso ,v P'O'iV'i whii:h y i lifkrryytinn^it nf thc'^outh^ilwimB^^^ <> -^y-v m ■«r •o ■• ?i r id'v irop't;,' i,'-« ' ,.'^';[7*^»Hita»<^y"»i'*ant to wri7with"the bark of Cape Cod" brio. " * M^8? t»ea^V. 2 leagues distoutf then «teer W» N. W. ^fur B.ostpn Llght- ^' ^r JJf?!* wwh to go into Cape Cod Harboui^ yw may S^l^^ \^ '&, :.^f. ft-milt ■M f\-:'. s;. "T i*'r*'*5T ^8 CAPE SABLE TO CAT»E CoD, lbs¥ON, &C.. a rn^Ie dixtant, wJicrchr^ou vfill have TO fathoms. Thefe is a bar that liet oi back of the Cape, about^hair a mile from the shore. liace foint iii.fery hold, ^od may be Icnoivn by a number of fidh.houscs en it, and is |)boiit three leiigucii to the wt^vtward of the light-hoase. )|rom 'oq^ to thnxi miles to the southward of Race Point, is what is called Herring Cove, wti«ire jjrou may have good anrhqring half a mile from the shore (the wind bGin| from £. to 14. N.K.) ill 4, or even ill 3, fathoms. • If bound iiifo Cape Cod Harbour, your course, from Race Point to Wood lEnd, is S.S.E. 6 miles; bring (he light to bear K#^y N., and run for it about S miles; yon will then be clear. of Wood End: then you roust steer N.E. lintii the light '|»ears E. by S.; then rup N.W.for the harbour, until you have from 4 to 3| fathoms, where you have good anchoring; the light will then bear E. by S. | S. 5 or .0 mtles* ' -^ . ^^' , ,f fi 'running from Race Point to Wood End, after yon pass the black land, or hummocks, ^on wilt come up with a low sandy beach, which forms the harbour, ex- ^ tending between 2 and 3 roilcit to Woud End, which is tliilicult to' be distinguished ' In the oight: it is very bold: you will hare 45 fathoms withiu half a mile ofythe' shore* In bcatinFinlo Cap* CoJlfarbour, you ^ust keep th^ eaitern slioreSil boar* until yougt^ into 5 fathoms » standing no farther to the westward than to bting the light to bi^ar" E. by 8; as thtrre is a long spit of sajid running off from the ysteifa shore, which, being very bold, you will have 11. fathoms within a stone's throw of Ike shore. , ' ' "' . In case it blows so bard, that you. cannot beat into the harbour, you will have good anchorage without,' from 10 t(Q 16 fathoms. .' If in Uoston Bay, aiid you wi$h to put away for Cape Cod IIaiirb9ur, you must endeavour to fall in with Race Point. ' ' ■' 1/ in th;e night, and yon cannot see the land, you Inust bring the light to bear E, by J^f. and run .for it until you^ave soundings in 14 or IS fathoms; then steer N. ]B. untiifthe light bears E. by S. then run in N.W. for the harbour. >^ At full and change, it is high water oif Race'F^int at 10 hours and 4$ minutes. On leaving Cape Cod j if boun^ for Bostou,, you must calculate the tide, as the flood sets strong to the S.VV." ■•/ '.^z*-" Directions for Sailing in and out of BOSTON BAY, /rom^-jCAPE q^ By Ux.K^ " ' - J - -. - - .(*•'< .« ■' t "■■^ To work into BOSTON BAY, S$c, \ 'v. -Stawb to the s outhward till -you b i ^ P g *fa ^'g^* to beat W . N.Wi, nrttfW thtf iiortHnvata till it bears W.S.W., till yon' coihevvithin one league of it: t«en you must'ilot stand to the northwaTd any fkttWer thkir to brinjflt to beai- W. by N;, anij southward till it bears W.JN.W., yen mkj «nchor in the bay in saTc-ty, if the Wind lito off »llotf«k^ ? 5?^-' A- :/-■ ■' B0S1n \h^y bear S. by W. | W. from you. To go outside of the Luiidouers, (or XBitcher's Islan^ Ledge,) you nijiit'giT* the light one league distance. ' v ^ - ' 1 A cannon will be fired at the lighthouye to answer any signal in thick weatfifer* *ji . Remarks ify^r.OsQooDCAKLTO^i. / In coming. in4o Boston Bay from Cape Cud, flood.tide, the wind northerly, there is ^f ::;>i:-' V- '.^/^•■^ <*"l leT, lien till ad, ^ iiol " : Uiitil yoH come within iwo leagues ,«f Boston Lighthouse, you shoalen your water from. 35 to 10 fathomi^^ Tho, soundiogs«are irregular.. On the Cape Aunc shore, thq b.ottbm is rocky, and. fine white sand towards Cape Cod. On the days of the full and change of the moc^h, it \f high. water off B<>8ton Lighthouse at ten o'elocft. It flows off the town till a i|uarte|^f ^an (lour past cldven. The spriug.tides rise 16 fedt perpendicularly^ ue^ii'lides ia. ^ ' *;^ .^'M. To sail in d^ri;fg^J^i§ht;hreurn^^^^^ . CoMiNO from sea in the ni^ffl^ brin|/theillffftthou8e| to bear west, and steer for it; obsorviog to'incline your course s#itberly' as yon approach^n in order to give a berth of two cables' Ieogth^t4}|^e I^|)|P|se Island. When yoii are abreast of th^ light, shape your courseiw^st^ until it bears froii N.N.E. to ^.E. Here, if not acquainted wl^ the: ha^Qur^ you may anchoil till day.light. With the wind between the SJJ^ aqd the N.W. quarters, a ship mky, in gh;at safety, turn up %ithi|i the iightboHs^luichoragi^ taking care not tVitand farther southward than to brijig^e lighthouse tt^l)tkrW.*>V., noir fartt^^r northward than W.N.W.*, SALEi\mARBOURi~-The enttance of SilemHarbLr i^ disJinguished T>y two flights, on nier's Island, tiear the middle of the cntranc^; these lights are 40 feet asunder, andliear, when in aline, N.W. ^W. i -^ ■ If bound into this harbour, and you fail in'with CapeAnne, supposiiig dapcAnne lights to bear N.N,W. about two miles distant, youf course will be VV.S.W- about 3 Itagiies, then W. by S. 7 or 8 milts, which will, bfcjpgvytiu in sight o/ the lights oo Baker's ^nd. ■ ■.,;;,. , ^ .^ ' ^'^. ■ 1 •■ /v - .' - „^^ , / But, shi^^d you fall in to thdfso^ith ward, when pi'ocetifling for the Hghte, yoa' should, spsOY^nasyou have made them, bring and keep the oortherh light open to If 'ft ■ ■} 'J the southward of tlie o|||£r, and thus run for them: thfs ward, and dear of fhefnutti bretk'T of B<|kffr'!« hland, Wliich is" vflryd i infifrom, rtiir carry yon to the east. and tears fr'' ; • ■':' . . . . . , • F# the .hMt Diret^ionf for satting to Boston, Ac., see l^inrie alM Whittled Mling Directions forthcAiiuericuCtMits, £rmojaaIUMtoFior%^ , ■„- y.' :.-y:' ..l'^:,'' . . '.' • [ IS:-* Should ' ' '■ ' '"■ '•'■ ' /' ' '^' ' .■ '' ^' .^'' '''■■ ■■ / .#,? ')t: 80 BOStOif HATIBOVR. '>L -j«-' I ) . ■r Sliootd Iho wind be vresterty) when beating op, you should qot'ttand (o the south. Ward or uestward farthvr i nan to shot one light in with the utlier; otherwise y on will he in danger of thi souia breaker above mentioned : neither stand to the north- ward farthc^'than to bring \the lights VV. by S. \ S. or you will ite in danger of Gale*t Ltfdge^ a ledge which\ bears from thjc lights N.E. by E. one mite atid threo> quarterS'diittant. ^ The Common or Ship Vhatihel Mo Sqttm is between Baker's Island arid Misery ' Island. It is about a mile wide; and you may, so soon as yuuare up with Baker's / " Isliind, pass within 100 fathoms of it, and stetji; W. by N. for the Hatte^ i broken rock above^water, which lies near the ml|||dle of the channel, with Bjker*)i Island- /^y. by N. 3| miles, and at on^mile and at quarter from Salem Nefk. This cours«. • ' ,|t^^ill lead clear to the soiUhwanli of Hardj/*s Rocksy a lodge covered' at high wMeT) f > /r.«nri to the northward of Boaditch^s Itdge. - <« - ^rjf • From mid-channelw between ilaker's ai»>d Misery Islands, you may steer W.N. W,^ .4f> 1111 you have passed B^wditch's liedge, o^unti4 Cat bland com^ open to the west- "^ Va^d of Eagle Island ; (he" k r< 1 'I '\ / t , i t \. *!,■■ T ■' \ ■» f .' .-■ '' ■.. ♦ , ,.. ■, ft '•'.''- \ \ ' 1 * , 'MB!'*" ■ ■'. -■'\f*;- 9' » vV, 1 ' . » • . V ' ■ ^ ^ ■. ■■'"■'". ■ 1 ■ ■ ■ . " ' \ " • ... . ■ ■' ^. . ■ ■' ? li" ;-;; J*- \ '^ \ * ■ . \ ■ * \ m ■ P V 'x ^ S '. ' * \ \ 1 ; ■■" -iv. ■■.■ ''A ■ ^ ' - . t ' ■ *■ " W '• ' ' \ ,^- ■ \ « ■ : !-■ \ ^1 \ '• ~ ;■ f , .^ » 4" « ■ ; "■■. i.\' ■ V- / — > 1 . ft ' ■ . i • ■;' ( »' ".= 1 \ / 1 •■ ■ . ■ Wm^j ■ 1. ■•. \ ■'.--■ 1 " . ■ „ . i ■ ■■'•'■.. '..■■" ■ • ■ ■! . ■• .■^-::^: .*ri f A •-v.. # j» fn, 1 '.'t < ' > ■».