IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) V /. .// 'i^ m. (/, 1.0 I.I i4 5 ,50 IM IIIIM IIIM |||m , i? mil 2.0 1.8 1.25 1.4 1 1.6 "^ 6" ► Vi ^ "c*l 0'5^;. r^' ^;. y /A Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872-4503 % XP' % a^ CIHM/!CMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 1980 Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. 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Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film6 d partir de Tangle supdrieur gauche, de gauciie d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thode. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 /^•y J^ 7 THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. LONDON : nOBSON AND 80S3, PBI.NTKRS, PANCUAS IIOAP, N.W. ft 'k ik 'k THE RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS OB OLD EDINBURGH REGIMENT. EDITED BY CAPTAIN R. T. HIGGINS. LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL, 193 PICCADILLY. 1873. 5SP» iSl.HS Ilir gracious jJM'mts.^ion THE OFFICERS OF TnE KING'S OWN BORDEEERS DEDICATE THE HISTORY OF THEIR REGIMENT TO HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH. PREFACE. '5 .vr. I I In revising and editing the Eecords of The Regiment I have kept strictly to the sense of the original ; but I have thought it advisable, for the greater convenience of reading, to divide the manuscript into short and easy paragraphs. I have also considered it necessary tc alter those sentences which, from their grammatical errors, required reconstruction, and to correct the spelling of the names of places ; many of which, however, I ha^'o left as they are in the original, having searched for them on every map in vain. I have compared the Record account with that of other histories relating to the same subject, and I have found in all instances a correspondence as to general facts. I devoted a fortnight at the British Museum, where I corrected all the extracts, with the exception of the battle of Roucoux, the Gazette account of which was deficient ; but I have reason to believe that, as all the other extracts were for the most part true, this one is not otherwise. I must, however, notice one grave chronological error. The siege of Bergen -op -Zoom is ■Jfa^dJ^iiliiMilllM^taBii vm PREFACE. Il "ij :: I said, in the Kerords, to have taken place in 1748, while the official account is in the Gazette of 1747, which in reality is the year. I regret to state that my researches were unsuccess- ful with regard to the Eecords of The Regiment during the period from lG97tol711. In the Records there are two accounts ; the one by Governor Home, who was a Major in The Regiment in 1759, and, if I mistake not, a Lieutenant in 1739; the other is by Colonel Farquhar- son, who did not enter the service until a much later date. The latter thinks The Regiment was on the Con- tinent during a portion, at least, of the missing years ; and that it took part in some of Marlborough's wars. His reason for thus thinking seems to be that Sterne relates that his father — who, the Colonel states, was a Captain in The Regiment — was in Lisle in 1712, and in Dunkirk in the following year. Now although Sterne says that his Uncle Toby and Corporal Trim both be- longed to Leven's, yet, to the best of my belief, ho never mentions that his father did; who, in fact, was in Handasidcs' Regiment, the present 31st. Again, had The Regiment taken part in any of Marlborough's wars, it is only reasonable to suppose that it would occasion- ally be mentioned, more especially as the lists of killed and wounded, with the corps to which they belonged, were generally given in the official accounts of the -f i^Mi PREFACE. ix battles ; but I carefully looked through all the Gazettes from 1697 to 1711 without finding The Kcgiracnt once named. Governor Home relates, that when The Eegiment returned from Flanders in 1C97 it was quartered in Fort William, Fort Augustus, and the other military- stations in the Highlands of Scotland, until the Peace of Utrecht in 1713. As I have already remarked, I believe Governor Ilome to have been in The Regiment in 1739, and probably a few years previous to this, for the first list of Officers we have in the Records makes him a Lieutenant in that year. Now supposing his reason for the above assertion to have been from oral tradition only, even then the probabilities are that his account is the true one. I have, however, additional proof; for while at the British Museum I found two letters (both of which are in the Ajipendix) of Marlborough's ; the one to General Maitland, who was then Colonel of The Regiment, the other to the Earl of Hay respecting General Maitland. From these two letters I am led to infer that The Regiment was in Scotland at least in 1710, and, taking into consideration the absence of any information to the contrary, that it was there from 1697 to 1713, as stated by Governor Home. I must here acknowledge the assistance 1 have re- ceived from Dr. Gribbon, who very kindly went over MH • V If X PREFACE. the revised manuscript, and drew my attention to all that had escaped my notice : but even now I am sure that many errors will be found, for which it only re- mains for me to crave indulgence. In conclusion, I must add that the hope that these Records will prove acceptable, even with their numerous shortcomings, to all Borderers, both in and out of The Regiment, but more especially to those amongst whom I have spent so many happy years, has made my part of the work a most agreeable undertaking. ; i R. T. IIIGGINS, Captain, The King's Own BonDEiiiiiis. Curragh Camp, 25tb July 1872. ! CONTENTS. £10 CHAPTER I. Embodiment of The Regiment The Regiment takes part in the Battle of Killiccrank" LuiforttX?'!"'"'"' ""'" ^ '''''-'' "P^" '^'^ ^^^^™^"^ Siege of Athlone . Battle of Aughrim Siege of Galway . Siege of Limerick The Regiment embarks for Flanders Battle of Steenkirke . Surrender of Huy Battle of Landen Siege of Namur .... Twenty Officers and 500 men of Leven's are killed Ihe Regiment receives the fire of a French regiment with proved musket . The Regiment returns to Edinburgh an im- PAGE 1 2 3 4 4 6 6 7 8 10 12 12 17 20 24 25 CHAPTER II. Battle of Sheriffmuir , The Regiment is sent to Ireland," and'embaiks for Spain ' It returns, and i„ quartered at Mullingar It embarks for Gibraltar, which is invested " ' ' Iho Earl of Rothes is appointed Colonel of The Regiment Return of Officers of The Regiment in 1739 The Regiment embarks for Flanders The Regiment is quartered in Ghent, afterwards at Brussels Ihe Regiment winters in Bruges 27 32 33 33 34 35 36 37 38 Xll CONTENTS. CHAPTER III. PAGE The Regiment is present at the Battle of Fontenoy . . . .39 Lord Scmpil is appointed Colonel . 48 The Regiment is quartered in Ath, and is obliged to surrender to the French 49 The Regiment embarks for England 49 It marches to Edinburgh 50 Extract from Life of General Melville 50 CHAPTER IV. Battle of Cullodcn 54 The Regiment marches to Perth, and embarks for Williamstadt . Gl !H CHAPTER V. Battle of Roucoux 62 The Regiment helps to cover the retreat at Roucoux . , .65 It winters in Bois-le-Duc ......... 67 The Earl of Crawford succeeds to The Regiment . . . .67 CHAPTER VI. The Regiment takes part in the Battle of Val 73 The Regiment captures two Stand of Colours, which are sent to the Duke of Cumberland .81 CHAPTER VII. Siege of Bergeu-op-Zoom The Earl of Panmure is appointed Colonel A part of The Regiment is shipwrecked The Regiment returns from foreign service Tlie Earl of Home is appointed Colonel List of Officers, and distribution of Compauits . The Regiment joins an expedition against France The Regiment embarks for Germany . Battle of INIiuden 82 84 84 85 85 86 89 92 95 i^' CHAPTER VIIL Casualties of the Regiment .... The Regiment takes part in the Battle of Warburg Casualties 100 106 108 CONTENTS. xm CHAPTER IX. PAGE 49 49 50 50 54 61 G2 65 67 67 Battle of Campen Casualties of The Regiment The Regiment moves into winter-quarters Viscount Down, Lieut.-colonel of The Regiment, dies Sir Henry Erskine is moved from 67th to The Regiment CHAPTER X. Account of the Battle of Grjibenstein Major Home of The Edinburgh Regiment crosses the Fulda with the pickets of the Army .... Lord George Lennox is appointed Colonel . The Regiment embarks for England . The Colours are buried with military honours . The engagements they w^ere lorne in . The Regiment marches to Edinburgh The Regiment embarks for Minorca . It returns to England And marches to Edinburgh .... The title of The Regiment is changed to The Sussex The Regiment embarks for Gibraltar Casualties during the siege 113 115 116 116 122 134 142 142 143 143 143 144 145 147 147 149 149 151 82 84 84 85 85 86 89 92 95 CHAPTER XI. The Regiment returns to England It serves on board ship as Marines The ships capture prizes The detachments serving as Marines take part in several actions The detachment on board the St. George help to quell a Mutiny Major-general Rigby (Lieut.-colonel of The Regiment) dies Action with the French Fleet Casualties A 2d Battalion is raised .... The Regiment embarks for foreign service Listof Officers in 1794 .... 156 158 158 159 161 163 168 172 175 175 176 100 106 108 CHAPTER XII. The transports, with The Regiment on board, sail for the West Indies 178 The Regiment arrives in Carlisle Bay 178 The Light Company posted at St. John's is attacked by brigands . 178 ii mmm 11 XIV CONTENTS. PAGE Major Wright's position at the Observatory is also attacked . . 179 The (rarrison cuts its way through 182 Address presented to Major Wright . 183 General Order 183 The Ladies of St. George celebrate Major Wright's success . .184 A 2d BattaUon is raised 185 List of its OflScers 185 The 2d Battalion is incorporated with the Ist Battalion . . .188 Which embarks for foreign service 189 Head quarters arrive at Barbadoes 191 The other part of The Regiment is taken by a French corvette .191 The Officers of The Regiment plan a scheme to seize the ship . . 191 It fails 192 The Officers suffer great privation ; they are exchanged . . .192 They embark for England, and are again captured . . . .193 They plan their escape, but are betrayed 194 The History returns to the actions of The Regiment in the West Indies 1 95 Casualties of The Regiment 198 The Regiment is ordered to Europe 1 99 It lands at Plymouth 200 Attempts are made to seduce the garrison. Declaration of the r ,n- commissioned Officers of The Regiment .... 202 CHAPTER XIII. The Regiment embarks for Jersey 206 The Regiment returns to England, and is quartered in the Isle of Wight 207 The Regiment embarks for service in Holland 208 Some grenadiers of the Regiment are the first to land . . . 209 The Regiment forms an advance guard to General Moore's Brigade 218 The Brigade charges 218 Casualties in The Regiment 219 The Regiment embarks for England 223 It lands at Yarmouth 223 Origin of the Rifle Brigade 227 An expedition under Sir Ralph Abercrombie sails for Egypt . . 229 CHAPTER XIV. The British land by Aboukir Castle 235 Operations of the British 236 Aboukir Ca.stle surrenders 240 PAGE , 179 . 182 . 183 . 183 . 184 . 185 . 185 . 188 . 189 . 191 . 191 . 191 . 192 . 192 . 193 . 194 !s 195 . 198 . 199 . 200 1- . 202 206 207 208 209 218 218 219 223 223 227 , 229 •235 236 . 240 CONTENTS. XV PAGE Sir Ralph Abercrombie is mortally wounded 243 The Regiment embarks for Egypt 256 The Regiment lands, and takes part in an engagement . . . 263 Casualties 264 The Regiment lands at Malta, from whence it proceeds to Gibraltar 269 CHAPTER XV. The Regiment lands at Portsmouth . It proceeds to Ireland The Regiment moves to Limerick A 2d Battalion is raised The designation of The Regiment is changed The Regiment embarks for the West Indies It takes part in the captu^-e of Martinique . Service of Lord George Lennox in The Regiment The 2d Battalion is disbanded .... The Regiment embarks for England . Lands, and is quartered in different places . The Regiment embarks for Ireland . It is permitted to wear the word ' Martinique' on its colours ' Egmont op Zee' .... The Head-quarters move to Belfast . The Regiment marches to Ennis Thence to Athlone ; then to Dublin . The Regiment embarks for the West Indies It disembarks at Dcmerara The Regiment embarks for Ireland also 272 272 273 273 273 275 276 282 284 284 285 287 287 290 292 293 294 295 296 CHAPTER XVI. Memorandum and letters in connection with the devices of The Regi- ment 297 Letter of Lord Provost of Edinburgh relative to ancient privilege . 301 The Colonel of The Regiment, General Fitzroy, dies ; is succeeded by General Campbell 303 The Regiment moves to Cork 305 And embarks for foreign service 306 It disembarks in Tabic Bay 807 A detachment under Major D'Urban assist to quell an insurrection at Port Natal 309 Account of the proceedings there 310 The Regiment embarks for India 327 XVI CONTENTS. to Madras CHAPTER XVII. The Regiment arrives in India, and is quartered at Poonamallec A wing moves to Arcot .... The two wings march for Bangalore . The left wing embarks for China It proceeds as far as Singapore, when it returns Colonel Chambers dies .... The Regiment moves to Bangalore ^ . Complimentary letter upon The Regiment leaving Madras Lieutenant-colonel Schonswar dies The Regiment eml)ark3 for England . The Regiment arrives at Dover ; address to The Regiment upon leaving for Gibraltar its PAGE . 331 , 332 , 333 , 335 , 335 , 33G , 337 , 338 , 341 , .341 343 CHAPTER XVIII. A 2d Battalion is raised .... Colours are presented to it . The 2d Battalion embarks for foreign service It lands at Columbo It embarks for India It moves to Bareilly It wins the Commander-in-chief's cup It marches to Saugor The History returns to the Ist Battalion . Colonel Sir Henry Somerset dies The Regiment moves to Malta . Thence to Canada ; it lands at Quebec The Regiment moves to Montreal It marches to suppress a Fenian invasion . The Regiment moves to St. Helen's . Captain Hallowes takes possession of a Fenian The Regiment returns to England It lands at Greenock, and proceeds to Glasgow It moves to Aldershot Thence to Portsmouth .... The Regiment moves to Ireland . horse 345 347 348 349 350 351 351 351 352 352 352 352 353 354 355 356 357 357 359 3(50 3G2 I- L % PAGE . 331 . 332 . 333 . 335 . 335 . 33G . 337 . 338 . 341 . 341 bs . 343 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 345 347 348 349 350 351 351 351 352 352 352 352 353 354 355 356 , 357 . 357 . 359 . 3G0 . 362 CHAPTER I. The 25th Reeriment, or The Kiner's Own Borderers, was ori- Embodimoiit ® '^ . of tho Uegl- ginally called Leven's, or The Edinburgh Regiment, and was j'jjjj*,^^^^""' raised to defend that city by vu'tne of a commission granted '''^'*- by William of Orange in the year 1688 to the Earl of Leven, who with his officers, composed of Scotch Noblemen and Gentlemen (obliged to take refuge in Holland during the persecution in King James the Second's reign), came over to Edinburgh with arms and accoutrements, and completed the Regiment on the 19th of March 1689, in the short space of foiu'^ hours, to its intended establishment of 800 men.^ They immediately took possession of the Parliament House, and held it, until the States of Scotland declared King William and Queen Mary sovereigns of that kingdom.'*' The Duke of Gordon was at this time Governor of tho Castle of Edinburgh, and he held it for King James xuitil the 13th of June, when he surrendered, unconditionally on ^ The Oazetle account givoB two hours as the time in which the Regiment was raised. — Ed. - Governor Home's iristory of the Regiment. ' London Gazette, liSth March 1(J8'J. /k. B T«r5^S!>.'E'Siia«SKS;»W» 2 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1689. his own part, but he obtained favourable terms for the gar- rison. In the mean time the Regiment was augmented to 1000 men, and soon after marched to the North, under the command of the Earl of Leven, and took part in the Battle Battieof Kii. of KilHeoranlde, which is described in the following extract lipcrankio, July 27,1689. fVom the London Gazette : Extractfrom ' EdmburgJi, Julij 30th. — On Friday the 2Gth instant Major-Genc- Undonaaz. ^^i Mackay marcliecl from St. Johnstown, Perth, with ahout 4000 Foot and four Troops of Horse Dragoons, and lay that Night at Dun- kell. The next day continuing his march, he was informed, that the Viscount of Dundee advanced towards him ; and about two Miles on this side Blair of Athol, he came in sight of the Rebels, and drew up his men to attack them. The Fight began about five in the After- noon, and was very sharp for some time ; but some of our Eegiments giving way, and Dundee's Men exceeding ours in number, they being about COOO, part of our forces were put into disorder; Avhereupon !Major-General Mackay thought fit to retire with the rest towards Stirlin; where he arrived last night, with 1500 Men, who retreated in a Body, and in good Order : Of this number were the Regiments of the Earl of Levens* and Colonel Ilastings,^ who, as well Officers as Soldiers, behaved themselves with extraordinary Bravery and Resolu- tion ; maintaining their ground to the last ; and keeping the Field after the Rebels were drawn off to the Hills. The loss on both sides is yet uncertain : On ours, the only Officers of Note that are missing are Colonel Balfour and Lieutenant-Colonel Mackay.' There is also another account, taken from Douglas's Peerage, and from Laing (vol. ii.), which says : ' The Viscount of Dundee, after a conversation at the postern gate of the garrison with the Duke of Gordon, Governor of the Castle of Edinburgh, which then held out for King James, proceeded to Stir- ling, where he called a Parliament of the friends of the abdicated Monarch. The Convention sent a party to apprehend him ; but he * 25th Regiment, The Edinburgh. 13th Regiment of Infantry. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 8 retired into Lochaber, and summoning a general rendezvous of the Clans, raised upwards of 2000 men, and had a reinforcement of 300 more from Ireland. With these he proceeded to Blair, in Athol ; and Mackay, King William's General, advancing with 3000 foot and two Troops of Horse, they met at the pass of Killiecrankio, 27th of June 1689, when Mackay was defeated, with the loss of 2000 men, and escaped with difficulty to Stirling, apprehensive of the pursuit of Dundee. But Dundee was now no more. * After a desperate and successful charge on the Artillery," which he seized with his Horse, he returned to restore the battle on the Left, and to renew the attack against two regiments^ that remained entire. At that moment, while his arm was extended to his troops, and his person conspicuous to the Enemy, ho received a shot in his side, through an opening in his armour, and dropped from horseback as he rode off the field. He survived to write a concise and dignified account of his victory to James.' The rebels on this occasion, consisting of about 6000 in- fantry and 100 cavahy, were commanded by the Viscount Dundee, who, charging furiously at the head of the High- landers, was killed by a random shot, although clad in armour.^ Unfortunately the list of killed and wounded of Leven's in this affair has been lost. After the Battle of Killiecrankie, the Magistrates of Edin- burgh conferred upon Leven's, or the Edinburgh Regiment, the exclusive privilege in future of beating up at all times within the city without asking permission of the Lord Pro- vost. The Regiment, after having recruited its loss at Killie- crankie, constituted a part of the small army retained in Scotland for the purpose of sustaining the internal peace of * Three pieces of light leathern artillery, probably preserved since the ("ivil Wars. Macpherson's Orig. Papers, L 369-372 ; Baloarras ; Mackay's Memoirs, 327-343. — Ed. ' Leven's, the 25th, and Hastings' 13th llegiment of Infantry. * History of the House of Orange. 1689. The Magis- trates of Edinburgh confer the privilcRe upon the Re- giment of licating up at all times in their city. RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1690. Battle of the Bojnie, Ist July 16U0. The Regi- ment niai- ches from Mnllingar to Ballymore on the 7th of June 1C91. Siege of Ath- lone, June 1691. the country, and remained there for two years. In the mean time, King William sent a force to Ireland in 1089, which reduced Carrickfergus, after having besieged the place iu the month of August in that year; after which a reinforce- ment arrived there from England, consisting of the Regi- ments of Kirk," Ilanmer,'" and Stewart." This year Teague O'llegan surrendered the Fortress of Charlemont, and King "William, having assumed the com- mand of the Forces in Ireland, fought the Battle of the Boyne, where he defeated the Irish under King James on the Ist July 1G90. Early next spring the Iri- li army, under the command of the General St. Ruth and thu Earl of Tyrconnel, having been considerably reinforced by the Rapparees (a description of lawless persons, who seldom gave or got quarter) ; and Ge- neral de Ginkell having been joined by Lieutenant-genei'al Mackay, with troops from Scotland, whereof Leven's formed part, he marched on the 7th June from Mullingar for Bally- more. This place was garrisoned by 1000 men, 250 of whom were Rapparees, under the orders of Colonel Bourke, who, after a breach was opened in the fortifications, and prepara- tions made for a general assault, surrendered at discretion. Having repaired the fortifications, and left a garrison in the place, the General advanced to Athloue, situated upon the Shannon. This town was defended by the Ii'ish army encamped almost under its walls. Here General de Ginkell was joined on the 18th of June by the Prince of Wiirtem- berg, and on the 19th he drove in the Enemy's outposts. On the following day the English town, on the left bank of the river, was attacked and carried by assault, without much difficulty and with but little loss. The Enemy, how- » The 2d Regiment of Infantry. " The 9th Regiment of Infantry. '" The 11th Regiment of Infantry. RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. ever, in retiring, broke down one of the arches of the bridge. Batteries were now raised against the Irish town on the opposite side, and several unsuccessful attempts were made to foi'ce the passage of the bridge, which was defended with vigour. At length it was determined to ford the river, and on the 30th of June sixty Grenadiers, headed by a captain Avith two subalterns, seconded by another detachment, and supported by a battalion of infantry, were detailed as a for- lorn hope. The rivei was deep and rapid, and the bottom foul and stony; so the Grenadiers, who wore breastplates and skull-caps, marched twenty abreast, with arms linked together, under a discharge of grape and musketry. The reserve took possession of the bridge, and laid planks over the broken arch; pontoons were fixed at the same time, which enabled the troops to pass in different places. This amazed and confounded the Enemy to such a degree, that they abandoned the town in the utmost consternation ; so that in half an hour it was wholly secured by the British, who did not lose more than fifty men in this attack, esteemed as bold and successful an enterprise as any on record. ^^ General St. Ruth rallied part of his troops, and attempted to regain the place; but their own cannon Avere turned against them, when the whole decamped that very night, and marched for Aughrim, fifteen miles to the westward, on the road to Galway and Limerick, where they then took post ; and having by drafts from the several garrisons aug- mented their army to about 25,000 men, resolved to hazard a decisive engagement. General de Ginkell having put Athlone in a posture of defence, pursued the Enemy, and determined to give them 1' Lieut. -general Mackay and Major-generals Tetlean and Ptolemasche ex- hibited proofs of the most undaunted courage in passing the rirer ; and General de Ginkell, for his conduct, intrepidity, and success on this occasion, was created Earl of Athlone. IG91. Tlio TU!g^- inciit takes part in the Sii'Re of Ath- lone, Battle of Aughrim, 12th July 1691. wmm 1691. 6 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. Siege of Gal- way, July 1691. battle, notwithstanding the Britisli forces did not exceed 18,000 men. He encamped on the river Suck at Ballinasloe, ■within three miles of the Enemy ; and having r( "ounoitred their position, found them posted on a rising ground, forti- fied on the right by entrenchments, defended on the left by the Castle of Aughrim, and in front by a largo bog, almost impassable, which extended along the whole front of their line. In this situation he attacked and defeated them on Sunday the 12th of July, after an obstinate engagement of two hours, wherein the Enemy lost their General, St. Ruth, and about 4000 k'lled, 600 prisoners, and all their ammuni- tion, artillery, tents, baggage, and provisions, with twenty- nine stand of colours, twelve standards, and almost the whole of the arms of the infantry, which they threw away to ex- pedite their flight ; for having been totally routed, they ran off with the utmost precipitation, pursued by the British, who for four miles made a terrible slaughter amongst them. The loss of the British was GOO killed, and about as many wounded. The cavalry on both sides bore a conspicuous part in this engagement. General Mackay, with a reinforce- ment of cavalry to the right of the British, first turned tho tide of affiiirs; and he was so gallantly seconded by Rovigny in the centre, also with the cavalry, that the fate of the day was thereby decided ; but the fall of St. Ruth by a can- non shot at this critical moment facilitated the discomfiture of the Enemy. Lieutenant-general Mackay, and Major-gene- rals Ptolemasche and Rovigny, greatly distinguished them- selves throughout the whole of this battle by their gallantry and presence of mind. After the battle General Sarsfield re- treated, with the wreck of the Irish army, in the greatest con- fusion to Limerick, where he resolved to make a final stand. General de Ginkell, having sent detachments to reduce Portumna, Banagher, and Moorcastle — considerable passes RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 7 on the Shannon, which were secured accordingly — advanced i«»i to Galway ; and, having taken by assault a fort that com- manded the approaches to the town, closely invested the place, which surrendered by capitulation on Sunday the 2()th of July, when the Garrison was allowed a safe-conduct to Limerick. General de Ginkell pursued his route to the same place. The upbi- ment is pre- now the only post of consequence which held out for King ^1"' "^j''^^ James, and halted within four miles of the town to wait for Limoriok. the arrival of his battering-trains fror.i Athlone. On the 25th of August the British attacked and drove in all the Enemy's outposts ; and Captain Cole with a squadron of men-of-war sailed up the Shannon, his frigates anchoring within sight of the town. On the 26th the batteries were opened, and the town was invested on the left bank of the river, the Irish army being encamped on the opposite side. A constant fire of shot and shell having been kept up by the batteries until the 5th of September, the town was almost laid in ruins. Large breaches had been made in the fortifi- cations; many of the Enemy's guns had been dismounted, and their outworks had been abandoned ; yet the besieged did not appear dispirited. On the night of the 2C)th the British threw a bridge of pontoons across the river above the town, by means of which a considerable body of horse and foot passed over. The Irish were now seized by a panic, and, throwing down their arms, betook themselves to flight, leaving behind them their tents, baggage, two pieces of cannon, and one standard. The bridge being then moved nearer to the town and forti- fied, and all the fords and passages secured, the batteries continued firing incessantly until the 28th, when General de Ginkell passed over with a division of the army and fourteen pieces of cannon. About four o'clock that after- ^•w^ynn^nim 8 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1691. ThD negl- mcnt returns to Bngland, And omlmrkB for Fliimlers in 1893. n noon the Grenadiers attacked and carried by assault the forts Vy'bich defended Thomond Bridge, notwithstanding the garr^iton made a sally for their support, which was driven back by the British Grenatuors with such precipitation, that the officer commanding in that quarter of the town, fearing they would enter along with the Irish, ordered the bridge to be drawn up, thereby sacrificing his own men, whereof about 600 were in consequence killed, 200 made prisoners, and several drowned in the Shannon. Where ipon the Gre- nadiers made a lodgment at the foot of the bridge. The garrison, seeing themselves completely surrounded on all sides, resolved to capitulate; and hostilities ceased on the 1st of October ; and on the 4th the capitulation was exe- cuted, extending to all places in the kingdom which were still in tjie hands of the Irish. Leven's suifered consider- ably during this siege ; but the casualties have not been retained.^^ Immediately after the surrender of Limerick, all that were disposable of the British troops passed over to Eng- land (Leven's being among the number) ; and in conse- quence of a scarcity of provisions, all the Auxiliaries were shipped off for their own country as fast as transports could be procured. Early next spring preparations were made to reinforce the Allies from England ; and a force of about 30,000 men, whereof Leven's formed a part, embarked and joined the Confederates in Flanders.** In the mean time, King William, having settled the do- mestic affairs of the nation, and having caused a formidable fleet to be equipped, embarked for Holland on the 5th of March 1692, where he learned, soon after bis landing, that a descent upon England was projected by France, under the " Sterne's Works. '* Douglas's Peerage : family of Lovon and Melville. fe?' RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. late King James, from La Hogue, consisting of a consider- lesa. able body of French troops, together with some English and Scotch refugees, and the Regiments that had been sent from Ireland by the capitulation of Limerick. In consequence of this, King William immediately detached General Ptole- masche, with three British Regiments (whereof Kirk's^^ was one), to England, who reinforced the troops that remained there, and encamped near Portsmouth, where they continued until Admiral Russell defeated the French fleet off Cape Bar- fleur on the 19th of May. France now abandoned her project. Meanwhile Louis XIV. joined and reviewed his army, Lonis xrv. " _ invests which had taken the field in Flanders, consisting of about Nwnur. 120,000 men, and early in May caused Namur, which is situated on the conflrix of the Jileuse and the Sambre, to be invested. The siege was carried on with such vigour*, that the town capitulated in seven days after the trenches were tho town opened ; when the garrison, which consisted of about 9000 tue ganisoii , , . retire into men, retired into the citadel, in hopes that King William *^c citauci, would come to their relief and raise the siege. As soon as he was joined by the troops of Brandenburg and of Li(5ge, King William advanced at the head of 100,000 men, and encamped within cannon-shot of the French army, which he found so strongly posted on the opposite side of the river, that he could not attack it but at the greatest disadvant- age. He was therefore under the necessity of remaining an inactive spectator of the repeated attacks of the Enemy upon the citadel, which, after an obstinate resistance, capi- which also tulated on the 20th of May, when the King of France re- *"*'' '"'*'*^' turned to the capital, leavhig the French army imdev the orders of the Duke of Luxeir/burg. The Duke having placed a strong garrison in Namur, detached Marshal Boufflers with '* iSJ llegimeiit of lufantry. 10 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1693. '. I The Ucgi- mwit takes part in the Battle of Stcenkirke, il a body of troops to Bassi^i'e, and with the rest of his army encamped at Soignies. King William sent off detachments towards Li^ge and Ghent ; and on the 6th day of July took post himself at Genappe, resolving to seize the first opportunity of attack- ing the Enemy. But notwithstanding, his Majesty, antici- pating a movement on the part cf the Enemy, crossed the river Senne. The French General, however, put his troops in motion, and took post between Steenkirke and Enghien, in spite of King William's diligence, who then encamped at Lembecq, within six miles of the French army. Here he made every disposition for an immediate attack, and sent his heavy baggage across the Senne. With a view of deceiving the Enemy, the King gave out that he intended to make a general forage ; and accord- ingly on the 24th day of July commenced to march in two columns from his left. These two columns consisted of ten battalions of British, Danish, and Dutch Infantry, under the Prince of Wurtemberg, and were supported by a consider- able body of British Cavalry and Infantry, under Lieutenant- general Mackay. The Prince marched with such diligence, that at two o'clock in the afternoon he attacked the French unexpectedly, and charged them with so much impetuosity that they were driven from their posts, and their camp was thrown into considerable confusion. The French Commander, having rallied his forces, at- tacked with great fury this division of the Allies. The attack was bravely sustained; but Count Solraes, who com- manded the centre of the Allies, having neglected to sup- port their left wing, although repeatedly called upon for assistance by the Prince of Wurtemberg, and the Enemy Ti'jf Dritish having been joined by Marshal Boufflei's with a considerable give way, bod.y of cavahy, the British Infantry were obliged to give RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 11 i^ive way, notwithstanding they had taken a battery, and actually icoa. penetrated into the Enemy's lines. Althoue-h the Allies could not sustain the addition of ThoAUios ^ ^ retreat, this reinforcement, they retreated in tolerable order; but the Regiments of Cutts, M'Kay,^" Leven,^^ Angus,^^ and Gra- ham were nearly cut off, owing to the mismanagement of Coimt Solmes, who, contrary to the express orders of King William, made a movement with his cavalry where they could not act, while his infantry were never brought in con- tact with the Enemy; whereby the battle was lost to the Confederates, who retired to their encampment without be- ing pursued by the Enemy .^® In till rigagement the Confederates lost the Earl of An- gus, Genciiil Mackay,^'' Sir John Lanier, Sir Robert Douglas, and many other officers, together with about 3000 killed and the same number wounded or taken prisoners. The French loss in killed and wounded was esteemed equal to that of the Allies ; including the Prince of Turenne, the Marquis of Belleford, Tilladet, and Fernacon, with iuany officers of distinction killed. This tei'minated the campaign; and his Majesty returned to London about the end of Oc- tober. Lieutenant-general Ptolemasche, with the troops de- tached to England in the spring, retiirned to Ostend on the 1st of September, and wintered in Furnes and Dixmuide. King Williani, having visited tl'e fleet and fortifications at Portsmouth, gave directions for annoying the Enemy by sea ; and, leavuig the administration in the hands of the Queen, embarked on the last day of March near Gravesend. The King He arrived in Holland on the 3d day of April, and immo- uouand. 1" Scotch Brigade. " Leven's 25th Uegiiuent : Tho Edinburgh. " 20th llegiment. i" Sterne's Works. "^ Lieut. -general Maokay was Colonel-in-ohief of tho Scotch Brigades, whereof his auoestor, Lord Jicay, hud aluu beea Colonel. 12 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1G93. Surrender of Huy,July23, 1G93. Tlie Regi- ment takes part in tlio Battle of Lnnilon, •-"Jtli of July IGaa. Tlio Diiko of Luxemburg passes the Joar. cliately ordered the Allied Foi'ces to assemble. In the mean time the French King took the field, and it was supposed that he designed to attack some of the towns in Brabant, with an army consisting of 120,000 men, well supplied for every military operation. This army he reviewed at Gem- bloux. But King William frustrated his design by encamp- ing the Confederates strongly at Park near Louvain; and reinforcing the garrisons of Liege, Maestricht, Huy, and Charleroi, he resolved to remain on the defensive at the head of 60,000 men, with a numerous train of artillery. On the 18th of July the Duke of Luxemburg marched towards Huy, which was next morning invested by Marshal de Villeroi ; and before the Enemy's batteries began to play, the toAvn capitulated on the 23d day of the same month, in consequence of a mutiny in the garrison. Meanwhile, the Confederate army advanced in order to relieve the town; but King William being apprised of its fate, detached ten battalions to reinforce the garrison of Li6ge, and next day returned to Neer-Hespen. Knowing how much the force of the Allies had been reduced by the different detachments made by King Wil- liam, the Duke of Luxemburg made a movement towards Liege, as if to besiege that place, and encamped at Hel- licheim, about seven leagues from the Confederates ; re- solving either to attack them in their camp, or to annoy them in their rear if they attempted to retreat. Accord- ingly, on the 28th of July he commenced his march in four columns, and passed the river Jaar'^^ near its source, with an army superior to the Allies by between 25,000 and 30,000 men. King William, who had previously sent the heavy baggage of his army to Liege, at fii-st considered the move- *i In tho old Oazettea tliis river is called ocoasionally Saar, but more freqxiently Jaar. — Ed. RECORDS OF THE KlNO'S OWN BORDERERS. 18 the mean supposed L Brabant, jplied for I at Gem- ^ encamp- '■ain; and Huy, and re at the ery. marched f Marshal n to play, e month, eanwhile, lie town; ched ten Qext day ad been ing Wil- towards at Hel- tes ; re- annoy Accord- in four e, with 30,000 heavy uiovo- i ment of the Enemy a feint, to cover their design against i«93. that place ; but receiving intelligence that their whole army was in motion for the purpose of attacking his camp, he KinR wn- limn resolves resolved to keep his ground, rather than expose his rear by '« kioi. lua a retreat, and give them battle ; contrary to the opinion of his Generals, who advised him to repass the Geete. The nicdispo- • • P141T IT 1 •! 1 1 sitiou of tho position of the Alhes extended on the right along the aiucs. Geete, as far as Neer-Winden, covered by hedges, hollow ways, and a small rivulet ; and their left reached Neer- Landen. These two villages were connected by a slight entrenchment, which the King ordered to be dug in the evening of the 28th of July. Brigadier Ramsay, with tho regiments of O'FarrelV M'Kay,^^ Lauder, Loven,^'' and Munro,^^ was ordered to the right of the whole army; to line some hedges and broken ground beyond the village of Lare. Six battalions of Bran- denburgers were posted to the left of the village ; and General Dumont, with the Hanoverian Infantry, possessed the village of Neer-Winden, which covered part of the en- campment between the main body and the right wing of the ca/alry. The village of Neer-Landen, on the extreme left, was occupied by six battalions of British, Danish, and Dutch, while the remainder of the infantry was drawn up in one line behind the entrenchment. The dragoons upon the left guarded the village of Dormal, on the brook of Beck, and from thence their left wing extended to Neer- Landen, having the rivulet in their front. The King, hav- ing visited tho whole of these dispositions and given the necessary orders, retired to his carriage, where he slept that night. On the following moriung, about sunrise, the Enemy ap- requently •" 21st llegiment of Infantry. "•* 25th Uu(,'iiuont of Infantry. *' Scotch I^rlgadc. '^ 20lh Regiment of Infftntry. rv.?''-«-i»-;---'v.'~. 14 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. li II lfi93. Tho Allies ojKin fire, and tho French attack the villages of Lnre and Nccr-Win- den. Tho left wing of the Allies gives way. Tho Duke of Luxemburg charges the right of tho Allies. The Allies art) com- pelled to fall back. pearecl drawn up in order of battle ; and the Allies opened a cannonade upon their line with considerable effect. About eight o'clock the French made a smart attack upon the vil- lages of Lare and Neer-Winden, which they carried twice, and were as often repulsed. Here the Duke of Bervvick was taken prisoner by his uncle, Brigadier Churchill. The Enemy then attacked the left wing of the Allies, at Neer-Landen, which gave way after a gallant defence, though they still kept possession of the avenues ; but the French having renewed their attack in the same place, with fresh troops, overpowered the Confederates, who re- tired from the village, leaving their camp exposed in that quarter, where the French Cavalry, in consequence, came up to the attack; but were encountered and repulsed by the Bavarian Cuirassiers. Meanwhile the main body of the Enemy, under the Duke of Luxemburg in person, charged the right of the Allies. The onset had noAv become general, but it was gallantly and obstinately opposed for a consider- able time, until the Enemy by dint of numbers entered the line of the Confederates ; when, after a long and desperate resistance, the villages of Lare and Neer-Winden were carried. The King then brought up the British Cavalry, which for a time gallantly retarded the fate of the day, and enabled the infantry to rally ; but the Marquis D'Harcourt, from Iluy, having joined the French with tAvo-and-twenty fresh squad- rons of cavalry, rendered all farther resistance ineffectual ; therefore the infantry of the Allies, after having expended all their ammunition, commenced a general retreat ; and the Elector of Bavaria, passing the bridge, made a disposition on the other side of the river to favom- the retreat of the Confedei'ates. The King retreated with the greater part of the infantry '^Mi^^p^ RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 15 js opened it. About n the vil- ed twice, vvick Avas he Allies, ; defence, ; but the lae place, , who re- d in that ice, came julsed by dy of the , charged 3 general, consider- ercd the esperate en were ,vlnch for enabled om Iluy, I Bquad- fectiial ; xpended and the Position of the infantry to Dormal, where the cavalry of the left wing were posted, isaa. and with great difficulty crossed the river by the bridge of Neer-IIespen, covered by the regiments of Galway, Wynd- ham,'''' and Lumley.'^'' Many of the Allied troops were drowned in their anxiety to get across, and the Earl of Athlone nar- rowly escaped the same fate ; but General Ptolemasche brought oft' the British Infantry with much gallantry and good conduct. In this engagement Count Solmes was mortally wounded, while the Duke of Ormond was also wounded in several places. The Allies lost also about 7000 men in killed and wounded, besides sixty pieces of cannon and nine mortars. The loss of the Enemy is supposed to have been about 18,000 in killed and wounded; so that they paid dear for their victory, and in consequence remained inactive at War- emme for fifteen days after the battle ; while the Allies, being reinforced by the Duke of Wurtemberg's division, by drafts from Liege and other garrisons, were in a few days able to bid the Enemy defiance. Besides the superiority of the French in numbers, the cause of the loss of the battle arose xho cause of from the position occupied by the Alhes having been too tuc battio. extended.^'' The only affair of consequence which occurred during the remainder of the campaign was the rejunction of Marshal Boulflers, heading a strong reinforcement from the Rhine, with the Duke of Luxemburg, who then took measures for the reduction of Charleroi with so much caution and dex- terity, that the Allies could not counteract his design with- out attacking him to great disadvantage. King William detached the Elector of Bavaria and the Duke of Wurtemberg with a considerable force into Fhin- '■''' Ist Dragoon Guards. "« g^jj Dragoon Guards. -' Sterne in his Trislram Shandi/ sajs that Corporal James IJutlor (whom he callfl Gorpoial Trim) of Lcven's was wounded in this engagement. mnmBsm 4 16 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1C93. SuiToiidcv of Cliiiiliroi, October Uth, 1G»3. dcrs, in order to make a diversion in that direction ; but they retm-ned in a few days afterwards without liaving done any- thing of consequence. The Garrison ofCliarleroi defended itself with much per- severance and resolution from the 10th of September imtil the 11th of October; but then, despairing of relief, the Go- vernor capitulated on the most honourable conditions, which terminated the campaign in the Netherlands, and both armies retired into winter quarters. King William embarked from Holland, and arrived in Kensington on the 30th of October 1693. Early in May following King William embarked for the Continent, and in the middle of that month arrived in Hol- land. He now directed the Allied army to rendezvous, with- out loss of time, at Bethlem Abbey, near Louvaine, where he took up his head-quarters on the 3d of June, and was met by the Electors of Bavaria and Cologne ; and in a very short time a numerous army assembled there. In the mean time the Dauphin assumed the command of the French forces, with which the Duke of Luxemburg had taken post between Mons and Maubeuge, and having passed the Sambre, en- camped at Fleurus. The Allied forces, being superior to the French, made several movements with the view of crossing the Scheldt. These movements, however, the Enemy for a time counter- acted by very judicious and energetic dispositions ; but King William succeeded in crossing the river at Oudenarde. This was effected by the Division under the Duke of Wiirtemberg on the 27th of August. The King now fixed his head-quar- ters at Wanneghem, with the intention of taking Courtray; in this he was foiled by a masterly movement of the Enemy's forces. Disappointed in his intention upon Courtray, King William withdrew detachments from the garrisons of Liege •M RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 17 'S and Maestriclit ; and having added to these a strong body i894. from his own camp, on the 3d of September conferred the command upon the Duke of Holstein-Ploen, with orders to midertake the siege of Huy. Next day the King crossed the Lys with the whole of the Confederate Army, and encamped at Wonterghem ; from whence the King, with part of his army, marched to Rousselaer. This obliged the Enemy to make considerable detachments for the security of Ypres, Menin, Furnes, and Dunkirk. About this time a Frenchman was found in the very act of setting fire to one of the ammunition -wagons in the camp of the Allies. He confessed he was employed for this purpose by some of the Fi'ench Generals, and was accord- ingly put to death as a spy. On the 16th the Duke invested Huy, and carried on the Huyeur. renders. siege with so much vigour and success, that the garrison surrendered in ten days ; when the King directed the Allies to winter in Dixmuide, Deynse, Ninove, and Tirlemont; and on the 30th of September left the camp and returned to England. Both armies broke up and retired into winter quarters about the middle of October. It was discovered early this year that great abuses ex- isted in the army ; therefore a board of general officers was ordered to meet in the Great Chamber of the Horse Guards twice a week, to receive and examine all information given and complaints made by officers or soldiers who had been wronged of their pay. Several officers were in consequence cashiered. On the 11th of March orders were issued for the strict discipline of the army, and the due payment of their quarters. King William about the middle of May, having embarked siege of Na- for the Contment with the view of making another effijrt in h..*v;'-,-*i ■'*■.' 18 RECORDS OF TTIE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1098. ri; :' the Netherlands, and having caused the necessary pre- parations to be made, assembled two armies. The first — composed of seventy battalions of infantry and eighty-.two squadrons of cavalry, principally English and Scotch, which encamped between Thielt and Doynise — was to bo com- manded by the King in person. The second, consisting of sixteen battalions of infantry and 130 squadrons of cavalry, under the orders of the Elector of Bavaria, was encamped at Zellick and Hamme, on the road from Brussels to Dender- monde. Besides these. Major-general Ellenbergh was posted near Dixmuide with twenty battalions of infantry and ten squadrons of cavalry; and a corps of Brandenburg and Dutch troops, with a detachment from Liege. These, under the Baron de Heyden, lay encamped on the Mehaigne. Meanwhile the French assembled under Marshal Villeroi (the Duke of Luxemburg having died in the beginning of this year) in two corps : the one commanded by the Mar- shal in person ; the other, by Marshal Bouflflers, the latter being subject to the orders of the former. But these forces being inferior in numbers to those of the Allies, Marshal Villeroi received instructions to draw a line between the Lys and the Scheldt, and also to make a disposition for covering Dunkirk, Ypres, Tournay, and Namur, acting solely on the defensive. King William, having assumed the command of the Allied armies, remained eight days at Aerseele, and then moved to Bekclar, while Marshal Villeroi retreated behind his lines be- tween Menin and Ypres, detaching 10,000 men to reinforce Boufflers, who, after having advanced to D'Espieres, also retired within his lines ; whereupon the Elector of Bavaria passed the Scheldt and took post at Kerckhove, detaching Naimirisin- tlic Earl of Athlonc witli forty squadrons of cavalrv towards Namur, which was invested by his Lordship and b}-- the r vested. I r, yPf I RECORDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. 19 Baron de Ileyden on the 3cl of July ; the former, above tlio \m. city, between the Satnbro and the Mouse ; the latter, below the city, between the JMense and the Sanibre ; while another Corps advanced towards the town from the eastward. But the line of circvnnvallation was so extensive, that Marshal Boufilers was enabled to throw himself into the place with a strong reinforcement of cavalry and several able engineers; the garrison was thereby augmented to about IS.OOO elTectivo men, and it was well supplied with forage, provisions, and ammunition. King William and the Elector, having brought up the rest of the forces, encamped on both sides of the Sambre and of the Mouse ; and the lines of circumvallation were commenced on the Gtli of July, under direction of Gene- ral Cohorn,^^ the most celebrated engineer of that or any former period ; but the place, which was strong by nature, had been so much strengthened since its surrender, that both the town and citadel were considered impregnable by the Enemy, who had spared neither pains nor expense in rendering them so. Nevertheless, the trenches were opened on the 11th, and next day the batteries began to play upon The Aiiies the Enemy's works with incredible energy; this was con-"i'""'he tinned Avith good effect for ten days, during which period ^''"n"''- several sallies from the town were repulsed. On the 18th of Jidy the King, having resolved to carry tiic King re- . ^ solves upon the outworks, accordingly ordered them to be attacked by "" a'*^'' ' o ./ •'on the out- Major-general Ramsay and Lord Cutts, with five battalions ^^°'"''^- of English, Scotch, and Dutch troops. These commenced the assault on the right, siipported by six British battalions under Brigadier -general Fitzpatrick ; while Major-general Salist, with eight foreign battalions and 9000 Pioneers, at- tacked upon the left. To defend these works the besieged *8 In the Gazettes of ll»05 Cohom is frequontly spelled Coehorn. !V.,5.;^..s,7.«»*^ 20 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. \i u M 1695. brought out all their Grenadiers, witli eight battalions of infantry and several squadrons of dragoons, who maintained their ground for two hours with the greatest courage and perseverance ; but at last they gave way, and were pur- sued to the very gates of the city, after having killed and wounded about 1200 of their assailants. The Captain posted at the gate of St. Nicholas sur- rendered at discretion on the 2Gth of July, and the King detei'mined to attack that part of the Enemy's lines on the following day. At four o'clock in the afternoon of the 27th, the English and Scotch, under the orders of Major-general Ramsay and Lord Cutts, issued from the trenches upon the right, and attacked the point of the advanced coimterscarp which enclosed the great sluice or watersfcop, near the gate of St. Nicholas. In doing this they were terribly exposed to the fire of the counterguard and demi-bastion of St. Roch ; and the Enemy having exploded a mine under part of the glacis, whereby twenty officers and upwards of 500 Twenty offl- men of Levcu's were killed,^" some confusion ensued ; but cere and up- . ii>t ii i • ^ wards of 500 the troops, having rallied, returned to the assault with re- nien of Le- ^ / ^ ' Jjj^^^j'JJ'^^^^ doubled vigour, when the Enemy gave way after a despe- rmine a" °* ^'^^c resistaucc. The Bi'itish now pursued them closely, and effected a lodgment on the foremost covered way, and on part of the counterscarp before the gate of St. Nicholas ; whereupon the Dutch, who seconded the assault, gallantly mounted a breach in the counterguard wherein they also made a lodgment, and by digging some traverses, both were enabled to maintain the positions they had gained. On the 30th the Elector of Bavaria, with equal gallantry and perseverance, attacked Vauban's line, which surrounded the works of the castle. His troops not only broke this line, ^* Sterne (in his own way) tells how bis Uncle Toby, a captain in Lovon's, was wounded in the groin on this occasion. .M RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 21 but cnrried Cohorn'H Fort ; in which, however, they were i«i'''. unable to eflfect a lodgment. On the 2d of Auguwt Lord Cutts, with 400 British and Dutch Grenadiers, attacked the salient angle of the other demi-bastion, and lodged them- Belves on the second coiuiterscarp. The breaches being now practicable, and preparations tiio town "^ ^ ' I r ciipitulntes, having been made for an assault. Count Guiscard the Gov-".'"'''"'?'"' O ' riHoii I' tiros ernor gave up the town by capitulation on the 4th of August, ci^ci." and the Enemy retired into the citadel, against which a heavy and incessant fire was kept up. The trenches were now carried on with great expedition, notwithstanding a hot fire from the citadel and repeated sallies from the Enemy, who at length foinid the annoyance so great, fi'om the fire of the besiegers, that Mai'shal Bouiflers formed the design of breaking through the camp of the Confederates with his cavalry ; this, however, was foreseen and prevented by the extreme vigilance of King William, who also, with the covering ai'my, assisted by the masterly movements of Prince Vaudemont, in conjunction with the Prince of Hesse, foiled Marshal Villeroi, with iK),000 men, in his attempt to relieve Namur, and obliged him to retreat without hazard- ing a battle. On the 30th of August the Enemy were informed in a The King parley that Marshal Villeroi had failed to reLave them, and uponmak- >■ " ^ ingn general had retreated towards the Mehaigne, consequently they "^sauit. were summoned to surrender; but as no innnediate reply was given, the parley was broken off, when the King de- termined upon making a general assault without delay; and accordingly, about two o'clock in the afternoon, Lord Cutts at the head of 300 Grenadiers rushed out of the second line — supported by the regiments of Caulthorp,^" ]\I'Kay,^^ Buchan, and Hamilton''''^ — to make a lodgment in »» 17th Regiment of Infantry. »' Scotch Brigade. '- 18th Koginiont of Infantry. ■i I I 22 RECORDS OF THE KINO's OWN BORDERERS. 1G95. Tlio lusPiiult reimlawi. h»i i ■: !l i Tlin Allies inako H I>Klg- nii'iit in uiio of the ono- iny's bat- teries. A cci fiatlon of ' istilitlCB takes pliico. the broach of Terra Nova, while Colonel Marsigley, with a body of Bavarians, Dutch, and Brandenburgers, attacked the line of communication with Cohorn's Fort. In these attempts the assailants were repulsed ; Lord Cutts having been wounded in the head. Colonel Marsigley taken pris- oner, and afterwards most unfortunately killed by a shot from the besiegers. The failure of tnis attack was attri- buted to the too rapid advance of the assailants, who did not give time for the troops intended for their support to come up. The Bavarians, having mistaken their way, were exposed to a terrible iire ; whereby their General, Count Rivera, and many of their officers and men Avere killed. Nevertheless, they lodged themselves in the outward en- trenchment before the salient angle of the Coliorn, next to the Sambre, which they maintained with great fortitude. Lord Cutts, as soon as his wound was dressed, resumed his command, and ordered 200 chosen men from ArKay's""* to attack the salient angle next to the breach. This they executed with admirable gallantry, by breaking through the palisadoes, driving the Enemy from the covered way, and making a lodgment in one of the batteries, where they turned the guns against the Enemy, whereby the lodgment made by the Bavarians was sustained. Although the original design of carrying the outworks and castle failed, still the Allies secured a position of nearly a mile in length. On this oc- casion the Confederates lost about 2000 killed, and as many wounded, including many officers of rank.^* On the Ist of September King William granted the Enemy a cessation of hostilities for tlie purpose of burying their dead, when the Comit de Guiscard appeared upon the •'•'' Scotch Urigado. *• With leforonco to tho sicgo of Nanuir, tlio following appearii in tho Records : 'The liiitish wuro cHtucined most bold, tho IJivaiiaua most lirui, tho l>rauJcubuig- era nioBt sucoeBsful.' RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 23 I f I ..V";J*' breach, desiring to spoak with tlie Elector of Bavaria, who 1095. immetliately went to him, when the Governor offered to sur- render the Fort of Cohorn. The Elector, however, declined to treat for anything short of the whole ; and this having been comnaunicated to Marshal Boufflers, he agreed to the proposal; and the capitulation was settled that very even- ing, and communicated to Marshal Villeroi by a triple dis- charge of all the artillery of the Confederates, and by a run- ning fire along their lines, as a return to the Marshal for ^aJITtu^atcfl. having announced to the King his approach foi the relief of Namur by the discharge of ninety pieces of cannon. On the 5th of September the French gave up the castle, and marched out of Namur, amounting to only 5r)38 men, out of 15,000, of which the garrison originally consisted. The names of the officers of Leven's,^* or The Edinbitrgh Regiment, who were killed and wounded during the siege have not been retained. As soon as Marshal Villeroi heard the firing on the Ist of September for the stu-render of Namur, he croaeed the Sambre near Charleroi suddenly, with the whole of his forces ; and soon afterwards both armies retired into winter quarters. King William went to the Hague, leaving the Duke of J^tim"'to" Ilolstein-Ploen in command of the Allies in the Nether- ^"'^'''"'*- lands ; and embarked for England on the 19th of October, where he arrived in safety. During this war the handles of the bayonets, being solid, were screwed into the muzzles of the muskets ; so that, when fixed, the men could not fire. But the French contrived an improvement upon the bayonet, by rendering the handles •"' Lovch's oontiniiPil to be dononiinatod Tho EiUiihuvgh K''=> V mcnt returns appointed in room of the Earl of Leven on the 19th of March b^rgu."' 1(194) was sent to Edinbm-gh for the purpose of recruiting its establishment. King William left the camp of the Confederates on the 3d of August for Loo, his comitry residence in Holland, and sailed for England about the middle of November, where he arrived in safety. In consequence of the nnirder of Macdonald of Auch- treachtau, the chieftain of Glencoo, and of thirty -seven of his clan, by the King's troops in the month of February 1(592, the Highlanders in that part of the country became very troublesome, influenced no doubt by Macdonald's two s . ^ UUt li' J 20 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. ^ 1C97. Tlio Rcgi- mcnt is sent to Fort Au- Kuatus and Fort Wil- linm. sons, who had escaped the massacre. Therefore, the military posts in the Highlands were all occupied by a onsiderable force. As soon as Maitland's, The Edinburgh Regiment, was recruited to its establishment, it was sent to Fort Augustus, Fort William, and to the other stations in that part of the country, for the purpose of keeping the inhabitants in sub- jection, where it remained, according to Governor Home's^^ account, during the whole of Queen Anne's war, which ended by the peace of Utrecht in April 1713. But the Officer^* who has revised this history finds in Sterne's w^orks — whose father was a Captain in the corps — that it was stationed in Lisle in 1712, and in Dunkirk in the following year ; whereby he is induced to suppose that the Regiment served with the Duke of Marlborough in some of his campaigns in Flanders. He also finds it mentioned in an old magazine, that the 25th and 35th Regiments returned from Jamaica skeletons during the period treated of He therefore leaves a blank in this part of the book, to be filled up whenever he may become better informed on the subject. ^7 This gallant officer was a Major in the Regiment at tbo Battle of MinJen. ^ Colonel Farcjuhariion. 1 f CHAPTER II. 1711. Unfortunately the blank referred to at the end of tlic last chapter has never been filled up ; neither can any informa- tion be gathered respecting the Regiment for nearly fourteen years; but on the 15th of April 1711 James Maitland was succeeded as Colonel of The Edinburgh Regiment by William Breton; and on the 27th of January 1715, William Breton was succeeded by Richard Viscount Shannon. In this year the army was increased by fifteen regiments of cavalry and eight of infantry. Shannon's, or The Edinburij-h Regiment, havinc: been with- Tiwncgi. ^ " . mentis pro- drawn from the North of Scotland, was engaged in the Battle si-ntattiic of Sherilfmuir, on the 13th day of November 1715, where the f^t^h^ofNov. rebels under the Earl of Mar (consisting of about 9000 men, ^^^^' both cavalry and infantry) were opposed by the Duke of Argyle, a\ ith a force not exceeding 4000. The left of the rebels having attacked the right wing of the King's troops, a sharp conflict ensued for about half an houi', when the rebels gave way, and the Duke pursued them as far as the water of Allan, three miles to the rear. lie was supported by Brigadier Wightman with three battalions of infantry ; while Clanronald and Glengarry, with the right of the rebels, obliged the left of the King's troops under Gene- ral Whethem to retreat ; and, having followed them for some distance, returned to the field, and formed in rear of Bri- m m: 28 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1716. gadier Wiglitman (to the number of about 5000), who, in consequence, faced about, and took up an advantageous po- sition to oppose them. In the mean time the Duke returned from the pursuit, and joined the Brigadier, with whom he remained until the evening, when the rebels drew off towards Ardoch. The Duke kept his position above Dunblaiue during the night, and next morning caused the wounded, and four pieces of cannon left by the Enemy, to be carried off the field. The number of killed, it is supposed, was about 500 on each side; but the casualties in Shannon's, The Edinburgh Regiment, have not been retained. Although both sides claimed the victory, the advantage was evidently in favour of the King's troops; as the rebels, having been unable to pass the Forth, retreated to Perth. Of the King's troops, the Earl of Forfar was severely wounded, and taken prisoner; but the rebels were unable to carry him off. Lord Hay and Colonel Hawley were also wounded. On the part of the rebels, the Earl of Strathraore was killed, while the Earl of Panmure was severely wounded, and, with several gentlemen, was made a prisoner. The following is the Gazette account of this affair : ' Stirling, 13th November 1715. Account of * SiR, — By my Lord Duke of Argyle's command I give you a Rela- sheriffimii?, tlon of thls Day's Action as far as I can remember. My Lord Duke the LonJor^ having had Intelligence of Mar's marching all his Body from Perth to Auchterarder, to join the Clans, marched the Army yesterday to the Fields beyond Dumblain; when he came there, he was informed that the Eebels' whole Body, consisting, by our best accounts, of about 9000 Horse and Foot, was come within 3 miles of Dumblain, on a full March thither ; as soon as they were informed of our being come forward they stopped, and both they and wo lay on our Arms all Night witiiin 2 miles distance of each other. • About break of Day tUl RECORDS OF THE KINGS OWN BORDERERS. 29 kg come Irms all I of Day this morning their Army formed where they had lain last Night, and marched towards us ; their Left Wing, at 11 in the forenoon, came up -with our Right, where my Lord Duke was : After an Engagement which lasted scarcely half an Hour, their Left gave way, and our Right drove them quite off the Field, and had them in chase about 3 miles to the side of the River Allan. On the brink of this River my Lord Duke was forming, when he was advertized that the Enemy's Right stood in a Body behind us, which made his Grace march the Troops that were with him to attack them, but, having no notice what was become of our Left, he thought it proper to march towards Dum- blain ; here my Lord Duke got notice that our Left had been attacked while they were forming by the Rebels' Right, had given way and marched off the Field, with our Train of Artillery, and our Horse in • their Rear, and had gone straight to Stirling. Upon which my Lord Duke sent to order them to return and join him, which they have by this time done ; when night came on my Lord Duke with our Right stood formed on the Field above Dumblain, and the Rebels to the number of 4000, as near as I could reckon, stood on the Hill about a Mile from us ; if they continue where they are till Daybreak, I am very hopeful to-morrow may in a great measure put an End to this Rebellion. ' I cannot give you an account of the Numbers of the killed and wounded ; for some time our Dragoons gave no Quarter. Of our side the Earl of Forfar I am afraid is killed. My Lord Hay is shot through the Right Arm, and in the Right Side. Colonel Hawley of Evans's^ is shot through the Body. We have not lost any great Number of Private men ; no more of our great Men are hurt. The Dukes of Rox- burgh and Douglas, Rothes, Hadinton, Lowdown and Lauderdale, and Belhaven I left standing on the Field with my Lord Duke of Argyll very safe and well. Of the other side, Strathmore is killed ; Panmure is taken : I saw liim on the Field so very ill of his Wounds, that it is probable ho is Dead by this time. Walkingshaw of Barrowfield, Drummond of Logic, young Murray of Auchtertyre, some other Gen- tlemen, and about 80 Private Men are likewise taken, ^^'ith 8 Colours ' The 2d Dragoons (Scots Greys). 1715. T^ \\ 30 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1719. we were in possesaion of their Cannon, but had not Horses to carry them off. — I am, &c.' •Whitehall, I8th November 1715. * This evening arrived another Express from Edinburgh, -with Let- ters of the 15th, giving an Account that Cortmoro's^ and Evans's^ Dragoons drove the Eebels before them with great Slaughter for two Miles. The Earl of Forfar is alive, but his Life is doubted ; he had received two Wounds, and was allowed Quarter, but afterwards the Eebels finding they could not carry him off, did, in a barbarous man- ner, give him Seventeen Wounds more. There is a hope that the Earl of Hay, and Lieutenant-Colonel Ilawlcy, will recover of their Wounds. In the Night between the 13tli and 14th, that body of tbo Eebels which had made a stand after their left Wing was beaten retired with great Precipitation, beyond Auchterardcr, and as some say to Perth. Upon which His Grace the Duko of Argyll, who de- sigred to have attacked them on the 14th in the Morning, finding all the 'borage about Dumblain consumed, and that he should have Diifi- culties to procure Provisions for His Majesty's Troops, retunKnl that evening to Stirling, and brought with him all the Artillery of the Eebels with several Standards and Colours and some Baggage.' Tlieire is also another account, which is as follows : 'The Earl of Mar, who was appointed in 1713 one of the Secre- tnries of State and a Privy Councillor by (^ueen Anne, on the Queen's death signed a Proclamation of King George the First, and was sin- cerely disposed to acquiesce in the succession of the House of Hanover, expressing in his confidential letter to his Brother, Lord Grange, the utmost solicitude to preserve the tran(|uillity of Scotland ; and ho wrote a letter to the King, dated at Whitehall, 30th of August 1714, to that effect. * His Lordship procured a loyal address to his Majesty from the HighliMid Clans, drawn up by his Brother Lord Grange, which on the King's arrival at Greenwich he attended to present ; l)ut he was informed that it would not Ije received, as his Majesty was well '•* The 4th Dragoons. "* The 2d Dragoons (Soots Gieys). RECORDS OK THE KIXO S OWN BORDERERS. 31 Sccrc- [Uiecn's siu- Imover, the .lul ho 1714, bill llio ich on |lO WiVS is well assured tliat it was prepared at St. Germaiiis. Tlie King also told his Lordship tliat ho had no farther occasion for his services, and ordered him to deliver up the Seals. This treatment making his Lordsliip conclude that his ruin "vvas determined, lie no longer scru- pled to accede to the terms ollered by the i\gent of the Pretender, from whom lie received a Commission appointing him his Lieutenant and Commundor-in-chicf of his Forces in Scotland. Emhaildng at Gravescnd on the 8th of August 1715, with General Hamilton and Colonel Hay, on board a collier, tlioy landed at Newcastle, hired a vessel there, and sailed to Elio in Fife. The Earl of Mar proclaimed the Pretender, wliose standard was sot up at the Castle of IJraemar, Gth of September 1715, and published a declaration in his name, lie marched to Dunkeld, and took possession of Perth, where ho established his Headquarters till the (Hans joined him. ' On the 10th of November he marched to Auchterarder, where ho halted, and on the 11th Reviewed his men; marched on the 12th, arrived within two miles of Dunblaino, where he rested during tho night, and at daybreak next morning drew up in order of 15attle, his army consisting of about 9000 men, and advanced towards the King's Forces, wliom he found jiosted by tho Duke of Argyle on tho heights to the north-east of Dunblaino. ' Tlie Clans that formed part of his right wing and centre, headed by Clanronald and Glengary, charged the hSt of tho King's Forces with so much impetuosity, that in seven minutes both Horse and F'oot wore totally routed with great slaughter ; and General Whethem, wlio commanded them, lied at full gallop to Stirling, where he reported that the Royal army was totally defeated. Tho Earl of Mar behaved bravely, and had his horse sliot under him, and both sides claimed tho Victory; but the advantage was clearly in fav'iur of tho Duke, as the Rebels retreated to I'ertli, Avhich they attempted to fortify, but soon afterwards ilispersed, when the Rebellion terminated.* Cft])tain tho Ilononrablo Arthur El]diiiiHton,* of 8h<'in- iiou'h, The Edinlmvgli Ucg-inient, who was prcBciit with iho WIS. AfterwuriU Lord liiiliiieriuo. F t iiji 1718. ThcBcgl- ment is sent to Ireland, 1718. TheTlcKi- ment loaves Ireland for the Isle of Wight, And em- barks for the coast of Spain. 32 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. corps in the Battle of Sheriffimiir, on the 13th of November 1715, healing the Pretender had landed at Peterhead on the 22d of December following, took leave of the officers of the Regiment, told them he resigned his commission, and im- mediately set oif for Perth, where he joined the Pretender, who had arrived there. In the year 1717, 10,000 men from the army were dis- banded, and Shannon's, or The Edinburgh Regiment, after having made up its loss at Sheriffmuir by recruiting, re- mained quartered in Scotland until the year 1718, when it was sent to Ireland. In consequence of hostilities having commenced against Spain, Shannon's embarked from Ireland for the Isle of Wight, to join an expedition forming there ; but in conse- quence of contrary winds, the transports were driven into Milford Haven, and then passed up to Bristol, where the Regiment landed and marched to Plymouth, at which place it embarked for the Isle of Wight. Here it joined the ex- pedition under Lord Cobham, consisting of about 4000 men, which sailed on the 2l8t day of September 1719 for the coast of Spain, under convoy of a squadron of men-of-war. The expedition soon afterwards anchored in Vigo Bay, landed, and reduced the place with little difficulty ; and Ponte-Ve- dra submitted without resistance, where they found some brass ordnance, small arms, and other military stores, with which they returned to England. Shannon's, or The Edin- burgh Regiment, returned to Ireland, and in the year 1720 was quartered in Wicklow Barracks. In 1721 it marched for Dublin, and was quartered in the Barracks there ; and on the 17th of June in the same year Richard Viscount Shannon having been removed to the Carbineers,'' John " 6th Dragoon Guards. RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 38 Middletou was appointed Colonel of the Regiment in his place. In 1722 the Regiment marched for Carrickfergiis ; but at Drogheda it received orders to cross the comitry for Miillin- gar, where it remained for a year, and in 1728 marched for Carrickfergiis, and had its head-quarters in the Castle of that town. In 1724 Middleton's, or The Edinburgli Regiment, marched for Londonderry; and hi the year 172G embarked and sailed for the garrison of Gibraltar, where it na-rived in safety, and remained for ten years, being, however, still borne upon the Irish Establishment. In consequence of a secret treaty between the Emperor of Germany and the King of Spain (for placing the Preten- der upon the tlirono of Great Britain, and for wresting from her the Fortress of Gibraltar and the Island of Minorca), the Spanish Ambassador left the Court of St. James's, and soon afterwards Gibraltar was invested by the Conde de las Torres, at the head of 20,000 men. In the raeii time the Earl of Portmore, the Governor, who had been absent with leave, returned in the beginning of April with a reinforcement of troops, a quantity of am- munition, provisions, and twenty -four pieces of camion, under convoy of a fleet commanded by Sir Charles Wager ; and a farther reinforcement of 500 men having arrived from Minorca about the same time, the garrison was augmented to about 6000. The Spanish army opened three trenches on the 11th of February, and continued the siege for four months, dm-ing which period they suffered severely from sick- ness ; while the garrison, which was well provided for a vi- gorous defence, and plentifully supplied witb fresh provisions from the coast of Africa, suffered but little loss, and treated the efforts of the Enemy with great contempt. Through 17W. The Hcgi- numtifii|imr- tonil at MitlUiigar. It pmbarki forOlbraJ- tor. Qibraltnr is iuvestud. T^r 34 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1732. The Earl of Itothus ap- pointed Col. of tlio Ilegi- nicnt. War is dc- claral by Great Bri- tain against S{iaiu. e mediation of France, a cessation of hostilities took place, and the siege was raised in the month of May following. On the 29th of May 1732 the Earl of Rothes was ap- pointed Colonel of The Edinburgh Regiment, in room of John Middleton, removed to Lord Mark Kerr's.'' In 1735, in consequence of a dispute between the Em- peror of Germany, the Empress of Russia, and the King of Prussia, who were in favour of the Elector of Saxony ; and the Kings of France, Spain, and Sardinia, who were for Stanis- laus, Duke of Lorraine (father to the Queen of France), -especting the election of a King of Poland in room of Au- stus, who died at Warsaw in the end of January, the dsh army was augmented to 25,744, and the navy to 30,000 men, as a preparative measure in the event of being involved in the war. But Stanislaus having been elected King, a peace ensued, and the British army was reduced, in consequence, to 17,704 men. After the siege of Gibraltar, nothing occurred there be- yond the usual routine of the duties of the garrison until the year 1736, when all the private men of Rothes', or The Edinburgh Regiment, were drafted into General Oglethorpe's, and sent to Georgia, where that corps was stationed. The commissioned and non-commissioned officers returned to Ireland to re-complete the Regiment to ten companies of thirty-four privates each. Repeated acts of aggression had for some time been made against the trade of Great Britain by Spanish privateers ; and as no redress could be obtained from Spain, war was declared against that country on the 23d of October 1739. In consequence of this, the English army was augmented to 20,000 men ; a fleet was ordered to be equipped, GOOO marines to be embodied, and 40,000 seamen raised. * 13th Regiment of Infantry. i f 'I RECORDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. 35 Also in this year a promotion of general and flag officers took place. The following is the oldest Retnrn of the Officers of The Edinburgh Regiment which has been retained : 1730. In made [ateers ; ar was sr 1739. Inted to larines 1 II 1 1" 3 i! I } Earl Jas. -Big- James Dalrymple. Frcfl. Wlllinm liiiird. James Li\ingston. of Kenne- gar. David Cunningham. Bruce. Walter Brodle. George M'Konzie. Rothes. dy. rionry 13.11 Icndeii. RoI)ort Armiger. .lolin Maitland. Richard Worge. Lord Colville. George Scott. IlairBtrcet James. William Lncas. James Hamilton. David Watson. Archilmld Douglas. David Home. CliarlcB SteevenB. Tliomaa Ooddard. James Sandilands. Robert Hay. Alexander Gordon. — Mackay. Tliomas Ooodrick. Patrick Lundie. Rotnm of the OfHccrB of the Rogl- mGntinl730. In 1740 Rothes', or The Edinburgh Regiment, was aug- mented to seventy men per company, in consequence of the Spanish war ; and a camp was formed on Ilounslow Heath, and 6000 marines,^ lately recruited, were encamped on the Isle of Wight, in order to be sent to the West Indies. These, with detachments from four regiments of the Line, embarked in October, under the orders of Lord Cathcart, and sailed imder convoy of Sir Chalouer Ogle, with a fleet consisting of twenty-seven ships of the Line, besides frigates and Ih-e- ships. In the same year a regiment of four battalions was raised in the British Colonies of North America, for the pur- pose of being sent to Jamaica. In 1741 a camp was formed near Colchester, and the army was augmented to about 60,000 men, and the navy to 54,000 seamen, including marines. ^ Those afterwrtrds bec.\me regiments of the Line, and were numbered from 43 to 48 inolu.sive. 36 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. m m Tho'n^>^".- ^^ *^^® following year The Edinburgh Regiment was mented.""^ augmented by a lieutenant and thirty mea per company. In consequence of the death of Charles VI., Emperor of Germany, the succession w^as claimed by the Arch-Duchess Maria Theresa, his eldest daughter, who was married to the Grand-Duke of Tuscany. Her cause was taken up by Great Britain, and opposed by France, who sustained the claim of the Elector of Bavaria, as descendant of the Em- peror Ferdinand I., head of the German branch of the house of Austria. With the view of making a diversion in the Netherlands, 16,000 British troops embarked for the Continent in the month of April, and marched for Ghent, where they were quartered; and 16,000 Hanoverians and 6000 Hessians as- sembled in October in the neighbourhood of Brussels, auxi- liaries to the British ; the whole, with the addition of a considerable body of Austrians, to be placed under the command of the Earl of Stair ; but the season being far advanced before they could be assembled, the respective armies retired into winter-quarters without effecting any- thing. Early in the year 1743 Rothes', or The Edinburgh Regi- ment, was sent to England, and the youngest lieutenant and thirty men from each company, having been turned over to Sir John Bruce's Regiment, the remainder embarked for Flanders along with the 1st Battalion Royal Howard's,* and Sempil's" Regiment. Having landed at Ostend, with the clothing for the whole of the British forces in Flanders (which they escorted to Aschaffeuburg), they joined the Confederates a few days after the battle of Dettingcn, which took place on the 26th of June. In the month of October the British Army, and Auxi- • 19th Regiment of Infantry. » -12(1 Regiment of Inftntry. The Regi- ment em- barks for Flanders. *» RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 37 Regi- tenaut turned irked ard's,* with iders [ the which Auxi- liaries in British pay, returned into Flanders, where they took up their winter-quarters. The Edinburgh Regiment went to Ghent ; but it removed to Brussels the same year. At the end of this campaign the Earl of Stair resigned the command of the Confederate Army. Notwithstanding the battle of Dettingen, war was not declared by France against Great Britain until the 20th day of March 1744; nor by the latter against the former imtil the 31st of the same month. In May the Allied Army, composed of British, Hanoverians, Dutch, and Austrians, and consisting of 70,000 men, badly supplied with artillery, assembled near Brussels. They now marched towards Oudenarde, and posted themselves on the right bank of the Scheld. The British and Hanoverians were under the orders of General Wade, while the Austrians were com- manded by the Duke d'Aremberg. Meanwhile the French assembled near Lisle an army amounting to 120,000 men, with a formidable train of artil- lery, under Marshal Comte de Saxe: who, with this very numerous superiority of force, invested Menin ; wliich in seven days surrendered upon terms. Ypres, Fort Knocke, and Funics, were also inves+ed, and sun-endcred in like manner without any movement on the part of the Allies. At the same time Prince Charles of Lorraine passed the Rhine with a considerable number of Austrians, and obi.ged the French and Bavarians to retire ; whereupon Marshal Saxe detached (50,000 men from Flanders to their assistance, whereby his army became so far reduced, that he was obliged to act upon the defensive. The Allies then passed the Scheld and advanced to- wards Helchin ; but finding the French strongly entrenched behind the Lys, they filed off in sight of Toiu'nay, and encamped on the plains of Lisle on the 8th of August, with 1744. The Regi- ment ifl quar- tered in Oliciit, and Bftcrwards in Brussels. War is de- clared by I'Yiuice on the 20th of Maroh. rriiico Charles o( iKirraino puwicK the Uliine and oblijfes the French to retire. ■i-^'HH JASaii aiMvl "i .:>!>. ,V>1! m- 38 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. • I m\ 1745. TIio Regi- ment will- tors in Bruges, :»i the intention of drawing Marshal Saxe from his position, but "without effect. Whereupon they made a general forage, unmolested by the Enemy ; and retiring to their former en- campment on the Scheld, soon afterwards went into winter- quarters ; Rothes', or The Edinburgh Regiment, into Bruges. About the middle of April 1745 a powerful French army assembled near Tournay, under the direction of Marshal Saxe, who invested that fortress on the 30th of the same month. Tournay was garrisoned by 8,000 Dutch troops commanded by the Baron Dortli, who made a vigorous defence. In the mean time, the Confederates assembled at Soignies, and their army consisted of the British, com- manded by Lieutenant-general Ligonier ; the Austrians by Marshal the Count Konigseck ; and the Dutch by the Prince of Waldeck ; the whole estimated at about 43,450 men, whereof his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland assumed the chief command. Now although the Allies were consider- ably inferior to the Enemy in numbers, yet they resolved to attempt the relief of Tournay ; and accordingly advanced on the 9th of May, and encamped that evening with their right at Beaugnies, and their left at Maubray, within a little more than musket-shot from the advanced posts of the Enemy.^" "^' The Officer who has revised this History cannot ascertain when regiments were first numbered ; but ho finds numbers affixed to every regiment in Millan's ' Suoces- sion of Colonels for 1744.' Nevertheless they continued to bo designated by the names of their Colonels after this. CHAPTER III. The Generals went in the evening of the 9th of May to nw. ° •' _ The npgi- obsen c the Enemy, and could easily discern some of their jjjfrtta'th^ squadrons, which were separated from the Allied army by "ontl?no;., a country divided by a small rivulet on their left, and by mrj *^ underwood, copses, and hedges. The^ the Enemy had filled with their Pandours^ and Grat- -i, supported by several weak squadrons drawn up on the plain. From this the groiuid rose by an easy ascent to within a short dist- ance of their camp, which was situated on the top of that rising which begins at Antoine, and, leaving the village of Fontenoy in front of the camp, extends to where the left of the Enemy rested near a large wood called the Bois de Barry. This wood was beyond Vezon, and towards the centre of the right of the Allies. Tlie Enemy also pos- sessed this village, which was covered by small squadrons placed at little distances from each other. As the Allied forces could iiot get into the plain, which was between the Enemy's camp and the defiles on the side of the Confederates, without driving the French from their small posts, and as it was thou late, it was resolved to put off this attempt till next morning. Accordingly, on the 10th, six battalions and twelve si^uadrons with 500 pioneers. ' fntil the year 1745, swords were worn by the privates of iiifiiiitry ; but in thia year thoy wore ordered to be diBoontiuucd by the battalion cunipanioa. Tlio Oroua- dierg continued to wear swords until the year 17(i'2. * A description of irregular troops, originally thief -eatcbers, raised by Baron Trenok in 1711. WT" 40 RECORDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. 1745. m. Lii I six pieces of cannon, and two howitzers, were detached from each wing for tliis service, which was performed with great ease ; the Enemy having been driven from every post to the very top of the rising near their camp, where they stood drawn np, as well to observe the Allies, as to cover the dispositions they were making behind that line. The Duke of Cumberland, the Marshal, and Prince Wal- deck, went upon the plain, and having examined the ground returned to the camp in the evening, after having seen the Enemy bui'n a little village, somewhat short of Fontenoy, which they had fortified. The detachments of the Allies were left at the posts they had taken, and the order was given for attacking the Enemy ner.t morning. * I I 11 His Royal Highness directed that the army should march at two in the morning ; and as he had been informed that there was, in the front of the village of Vezon, near the wood, a fort mounted with cannon, where five or six hundred men might bo lodged, lie ordered Brigadier In- RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 41 goldsby, with four battalions and three six -pounders, to carry this village, while Prince Waldeck was to attack the village of Fontenoy. Lieut.-general Campbell having lost his leg by a cannon shot, the disposition which had been trusted to him did not take effect. However, General Ligonier formed the two lines of infantry quite exposed, without any other interruption from the Enemy than a brisk cannonade, which did great execution, until, by order of his Royal Highness, he caused seven pieces of cannon to ad- vance at the head of the brigade of Guards ; these soon silenced the moving artillery of the Enemy. The amiy was now in order of battle, and General Ligonier acquainted his Royal Highness that ho was ready, and, if he approved it, would attack the Enemy as soon as Prince Waldeck should march to the village of Fontenoy, as had been before agreed between them. The fort near the wood shoiild now have been attacked, and if that had been done, as his Royal Highness had ordered, it would in all probability have been carried, which would have greatly contributed to a victory for the Allies ; but by some fatality Brigadier Ingoldsby did not attack the fort, notwithstanding the repeated orders said to have been sent to him by his Royal Highness and General Ligonier. When the two lines were drawn up in very good order, with the cavalry behind them, his Royal Highness put them in motion, and marched at their head directly towards the Enemy. Prince Waldeck, with the left wing, moved at the same time to attack Fontenoy, but without effect, and during thifl march there was a most terrible fire of cannon from the Enemy. The right wing advanced, nevertheless, to their line, and received their discharge at the distance of thirty paces before they fired. Things now had a very good appearance, and there was a prospect of a complete 1745. 42 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 174S. Tlio Allii» retreat. victory ; for the right wing bore down all before them, and, driving the Enemy back 300 paces beyond the fort and village, became masters of the field of battle as far as the . Enemy's camp. But the left, though favoured by the fire of the British artillery, and supported by two British bat- talions which his Royal Highness sent to assist in the attack on Fonteuoy, not having succeeded ; and the fort, as before stated, not having been attacked at all; the troops composing the right wing found themselves between cross fires of small arms and cannon, and were likewise exposed to that from the Enemy's front, so that they were compelled to retire to the height of Fontenoy ; when some confu- sion was occasioned by the continued fire from the fort near the wood. This, however, by the presence of his Royal High- ness and the Marshal, was soon adjusted, and the troops were again put in order. It was then resolved to make a second trial, and the right wing, encouraged by the Generals, caused the Enemy to give way once more ; driving them back, with great loss, as far as their camp. But the Allies also began to feel very sensibly the diminution of their numbers ; and the left wing having remained where they were during this second trial, the right was again obliged to retire to the ground be- tween the village and the point of the wood. The Enemy's cavalry attempted to break the Confede- rates as they retired; but they were so well received by the British Guards, and by Major-general Zastrow of the Hanoverian troops, that the French Regiment of Noailles was in a great measure cut to pieces, and their carabiniers, by the report of deserters, had thirty-two ofiicers killed. It was then resolved by the Duke of Cumberland, the Marshal, and Prince Waldeck, that the whole army should retire ; and the commanding ofticers of Lieutenant-general RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 43 Howard's' Regiment, and of the Higlilanders,* were ordered to post their men, the former in the churchyard of Vezon, and the latter in the hedges v/here they had been posted the day before. The cavalry were likewise drawn up to cover the retreat, which was made in such good order — the battalions facing about and fronting the Enemy every hundred paces — that there was not the least attempt made by the French to molest the Allies. Indeed, the Enemy suffered so severely that they were unable to follow up their victory. His Royal Highness's baggage, which remained during the action at his head-quarters of Bruffool, received orders about two in the afternoon to take the road to Ath; it marched about three. The Marshal Konigseck had been hurt by a fall from his horse, and was a good deal fatigued, so that, after the army was out of the defiles, he went to Ath, where he arrived in the evening; but the Duke of Cumberland never quitted the right of the army, which did not reach Ath till past three next morning. On this occa- sion the infantry of the right behaved gallantly and suf- fered terribly, and the Hanoverian troops, as well cavalry as infantry, had their share in the dangers, fatigues, and losses of the day. Many of the officers and soldiers, at first considered to be missing, were soon ascertained to have been killed or wounded. Lieut.-general Campbell had his leg shot ofi", and died in consequence ; Major-general Pon- sonby was killed upon the spot ; Lord Albemarle was ridden over, and much bniised; Major-general Howard, Brigadier-generals Chtux'hill and Ingoldsby, Lords Ancram and Cathcart, Aidcs-de-Camp to his Royal Highness, were wounded ; General Howard in four plfices. Prince Waldeck on the left behaved Avith his usual bravery: while Brigadier ^ IDtli Rogiracnt of Infantry. ■* 42cl UighlandorB. 1745. 44 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1745. Salis and Colonel Boetslaer were killed. The behaviour of the Blue Guards^ was highly to be commended; their Lieut.- colonel was wounded, and the Major distinguished himself particularly on this occasion by his conduct and care. The Ist Battalion of Guards remained the whole day without being once put in confusion, though they had lost many officers as well as private men. The Highlanders,* the Regi- ment late Handasyde's,'' Duroure's,^ and many others, distin- guished themselves. The honours gained by the infantry were in a great measure owing to the conduct and bravery of Lieut.-general Ligonier, while Major-general Zastrow and Lord Albemarle did all that could be expected from brave and experienced officei's. There were hardly any prisoners but the wounded, and they were left at the Duke's quarters at Bruffoel, upon the confidence of the cartel, and the usual behaviour upon such occasions. The Allies did not lose any colours, stand- ards, or kettle-di'ums, but took one standard, and the can- non lost was left behind for want of horses ; the contractors with the artillery having run off" with them so early, that they reached Brussels that day. The army of the Allies was the next day encamped in the neighbourhood of Ath. Names of Officers killed and wounded, and List of Casualties in the Earl of Rothes^ or The Edinburgh Regiment, in action with the French Aiiny near Fontenoy, on the Wth May 1745. KILLED. Ensign Thcophilus Bonvillette. WOUNDED. Lieutenant-colonel James Kennedy, Major James Dalrymple, Captain Richard Worgo, Captain William Lucas, Lieutenant James Livingston, Lieutenant Robert Hay, Ensign Adam Cockbuin, and Ensign Lewis Jones. » Oxford Blues. « 42d Regiment. ' 3l8b Regiment. » 12th Regiment. I I RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 45 CAUSE OP CASUALTIES. KiUed . Wounded Missing , Total non-eflfoctives, being nearly i one-tliird of the officers and men present in the field J 4 1 <= i^pRi- '■ mcnt cm- ceived counter orders to march for Williamstadt, with the amuanus in remainder of the British troops, where the regiment em- ^"'''*"''' barked about the middle of October, and on the 4th of November landed at Grays in Essex, and was quartered for some days in the villages near London. In a short time it marched to join the army under General Ligonier as- And joins the sembled near Coventry, of which his Royal Hiarhness the i-igonier, as- •' ./ o scml)le<1 near Duke of Cumberland assumed the command on the 28th of ^^^"*^' November, and established his head-quarters in Lichfield. When the rebels retreated from Derby on the Oth of December, they were pursued by the King's troops, on E ^M 60 RECORDS OF TIIH KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1745. Tlio Regi- ment murclips to likliuburgli. Extract from the life of tiemnal Mrl- villo. which occasion Ciimpbell's^^ and Senipil's^" formed the reav- giiard. On the arrival of the King's troops at Carlisle the Pretender, after having reinforced the garrison, retreated into Scotland ; wherenpon his Royal Highness invested the place on the 2l8t of the same month, and the castle sur- rendered on the 30th. The rear-gnard arrived in Kendal immediately after the surrender of Carlisle, when Campbell's'^ and Sempil's'" were detached across the country to Newcastle, with instructions to march from that town as expeditiously as possible, for the purpose of reinforcing the army assembling in Scotland under General Ilawley ; and tliey arrived in Edinburgh on the 17tli January 1740, the day on which the aftair at Falkirk took place, and occupied the Castle. The King's trooj)s having been defeated at Falkirk, General Ilawley retreated to Edinlmrgh, and cantoned his men in and near the city, until the end of the month ; when the Duke of Cinnberland arrived and assumed the command of tho army, which consisted of two regiments of dragoons and fourteen battalions of British Infantry. To these were added 1200 Highlanders from Argyleshire, under the connnand of Colo- nel Campbell, and about (iOOO Hessian Infantry under the command of Prince Frederick of Ilesse. As the rebels were besieging Stirling, the Duke of Cum- berland marched his army from Edinburgh on the 21st of January for tlie relief of that i)lace ; but on his arrival at Linlithgow the rebels abandoned the siege, and crossed the river Forth with great precipitation, and retired by Badenoch towards Inverness. The following is an extract from the life of General Melville : Mil Kobruary 174G Ilia Royal Iliglincss tlio Duko of Cuinbcrland 1^ 2Ut Rcgimeut of Infantry. '" 2r>tli Regiment. k [ RECORDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. 51 by L-al rlanrl I 1 arrived at Pertli with tho King's army, on his march for thn oaat coast and northern parts of Scotland, against tl>o rchola, who had retired to tho country about Inverness, lie tlion totmd it necessary to make two dotachmoiits from several regiments of infantry, to secure and oop in awe tho country of Athol, wherein almost all the inhabitants were notoriously disaflected. One of these detachments, consisting of 200 men, under tho command of Lieut. -colonel Webster, was sent to occupy Castle Menzics, in order to docuro tho passage of the river at Tay Bridge. 'Tlie second detachment of 300 men, commanded by Sir Andrew Agnew, Lieut. -colonel of tho Royal I^Jorth Uritish Fusiliers, was sent by tho route of Dunkold, through tho pass of Killiecrankie, to take post in Elair Castle, the scat of James, Duke of Athol, a very faitlvful subject of his Majesty. * Tho garrison was frittered away in small detachments, for the pur- pose of intercepting traitorous correspondence. Early on the morning of tho 17th March the rebels, in a considerable body, surprised and made prisoners of several of tho outposts, and by break of day closely invested tho Castle on all sides, ihing upon tho out picquot, which retired with some diiliculty, bringing with it some horses belonging to the odicers, and a small (piantity of provisions. Blair Castle was a very high iiTcgular building, tho walls of great thickness, having what was called Cummhig's Tower projecting from the west end of the front of the house, which faces the north. Adjoining the oast gable of the old castle a sc^uaro noAv building had boon begun, l)ut only carried up a few feet above tho beams fixed for tho first floor. Tho great door in tho staircase having boon l)arricaded, and a small guanl placed at it, the garrison was mustered, and found to consist of about 270 rank and file, having only ninetoon rounds of ammu- nition per man. Tho men wcro innnodiatoly posted throughout tho Castle, in tho manner best atlaptod for its defence, with instructions not to lire unless actually attacked. For the protection of the new unfinished building before mentioned, to which tho only communi- cation from tho Castle was by ten or twelve .'vere repulsed several times with extraordinary bravery by that Prince and the Troops under him. The Scots Brigade, par- ticularly, behaved extremely well ; they Avere, however, overpowered, and forced to g' ve way after a very gallant defence. * Our throe villages were at the same time attacked by fifty-live Battalioi.^, in columns by Brigades ; and as soon as one Brigade was r:p'ilsed, another came on; and our eight Battalions under Major- general Zastrow, after having done wonderfully well, were at last obliged to abandon the vilhgcs of Warem and Eoucoux, the Major- general supporting himself still at Liers, with the Battalions under Prince Frederick and Major-general Haward, Sir John L'gonier rallied the Battalions Avhich had suffered so much ; the Hanoverian regiment of Maidell, and the Hessian iKgiment of Mauspach, leaving stood their ground to the last, an*' refused (piartor, eo that few of them escajjcd. The Battalions of Boetslayer aad Donop sulfcred likewise extremely '; notwitlistanding which, they rallied, and drove the Enemy, who were advaHcing into the plain, back again to the !' '-m RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 65 ho Village, Tho Battalions of Graham'* and Howard,' -vhich were in n.tlior with Houehton as the action was beginning, were placed in p, right angle others. ° o o» 1 D fo coders tho with the Scots Greys, facing tho flank vhich tlie Dutch had before : retreat at , Koucoux. wlu^n this came even with ih« l^iince of Hesse, he had orders to join that. ' General Somerfoidt had formed another flank a little farther to receive us, and the Prince and 'Marshal another, under Prince Daurlach; and when wo came there, we found by the Prince and ISfarshal's disposition, a Rear-Guard ^ f Twenty Squadrons, Twelve Battalions, and twelve companies of Grenadiers ; so that, in spite of perha^is one hundred i)ioco3 of cannon and all tlio musket-shot they could bring to bear, the Petreat was made with great regularity and order. The rear-guard consisted of the Imperialists, the Marshal insisting upon it, as tlicy had not suffereJ in tho action. 'We have certainly quitted the Hold with as little disadvantage as could bo in a Battle, if that could be called a Battle where two-thirds of ou'- Vrmy were not engaged, the action being wholly on the lel\. ' Tho Enemy did not think lit to pursue us ; but not being able, for want of wood in this advanced season, to stay on tho oUier side of the ^l^uso, we passed that Pivor this nionnng. — Wo liave not yet tlie list of tho killed and wounchid ; tho Frcn(;li cannot have lost less than ten thousand men, while our loss in the ','ros« is not more than live tliousand. 'I'he cannonading was terrible on both sides. * Jltli Regimen*; of Iniantry. " I'.tth Rtgimput of Infantry. • * 8fa, 13th, ami 2r)th Kogimcnta of Infuntry. F .atitilA' 66 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 174G. 'Count La Lij)|)o and Lieutenant-general Sinissart are wounded, Major-general Veliltraan is killed, Lieutenant-colonel Montague is killed, Maj(3r Sowle wounded and taken, ^lujor Kendal has lost a leg, Sir Harry Nesbit is killed, and many others, who are not as yet known. Mauspach's Regiment has six Captains killed, and Maidell's has not one Officer left. The Enemy had not less than one hundred and seventy Battalions upon the field of battle. ' Our Cavalry showed the greatest desire to fall upon that of the Enemy, but they kept constantly under tlie protection of their Foot and Cannon, and when the Freucl) Infantry came out upon the i)lain, thoy galloped up with great spirit to charge them, Lord Rothes^ being at the head of the first line, and Lord Crawford at the head of the second line of the English, and drove them back sword in hand into the hedges, much fa iter than they came on. ' Wliat contribitcd grnatly to our ill-success in this action was, that the people of Litgc lu,d the night before introduced the Fren(!]i into ilic town, and put them into possession of it, just in Pniico Waldeck's back, whoso disposition was excellently made before that accident, having a flank upon his left of eight Battalions, with a great Ravine, and verj dillicult ground before them, and his left WiMg of Horse to suppcu't it. ' Prince ('harles iC Lorraine and Marshal Bathiani gave their orders in all parts through the whole action, with the, greatest juattalion3, English, Hanoveri- ans, and Hessians, being attacked l>y fifty-four JJattalions of French, and after roindsing them twice, were in their turn forced to give way ; but the English Cavalry had all along the advantage. I think that, properly speaking, this alfair cannot bo called a IJattlc, for I doubt if the third part of our Army was engaged. The cannonading was terri- ble for about two hours. 'I lool: upon our loss to be between four and five thousand, and that of the French double the number. — The Army retired in the best possible order that could be. As we suspected the town of Liege to be betrayed to the Enemy^ it was impossible for us to remain in our camp. ' My letter is written in great haste. 'I have the honour to be, &c. (Signed) 'John Ligoniku. ' The Eight Honourable the Earl of Sandwich, &g.' The Campaign in Flanders was tenninated by the Bat- tle of Koucoux ; and the Allied Army, having croHsed tl a Maeso, sejiarated, and took up their winter-(puirtcrH in the DuehioH of Liniburg- and Lnxcnibiirg. Senipil'H, The Edin- burgh llcginient, wintered in Hoiw-le-Dnc. In consequenco of the death of Lord Senipil, the E:r'l of Crawford waH removed from the liighlanderH, and appointed Colonel of The Edinburgh Uegim^nt on the 25th of Decem- ber 174(). This Nobleman commanded the Kecond lino of the liritish Cavalry in the Battle oflloucorx; and having, before day- light that morning, got on hovHeback and viwited his \)imi, he proceeded with his Staff to reconnoitre in front. On his return he wuh Hurpriwed to find an ofHccr and about twenty- five men on Ihc Hid(> nearest to Koucoux. of the village of The Blin- incut win- ters ill lloi»- lu-Duo. I.onl SciiiVil ilii's, iiiul tho KnjlofCriiw- ford ixrc- Minviil fi-om till! lliKll- Iniult'i'H t<> thi) Hi«l- iiiunt. w I 1747. 68 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. Thp Diikp of CnnilKTlami H.Il Kinjhiml, foot-note, vol. iii. p. I'.Kt. Ed. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. (59 •land 51- end His ;sian8, 'rinco , and uiH, in vol. iii. the neighbourhood of Venlo. The whole Array amounted ^'''^''■ to about 120,000 men, and lay in camp for six weeks, until Marshal Saxe with the French Army, consisting of about 140,000 men, and the Count de Clermont with a separate body, took the field about the middle of April. In the beginning of May the Duke of Cumberland took post with his whole army between the two Nethes, to cover Bergen- op-Zoom and Maestricht. On the 15th June, N.S., the French King was reported tiio French •111-1 PI'* 1 ^'^'"'^ nirivea to have arrived at the head-qiuirters of his Amiy; and next attuohoaa- ■•• '' ' fiiiarters of day the Count de St. Germain advanced with a consider- '"'* '"'"'>• able body of French troops towards the Demer. He did this with a view to dislodge General Baroniai from the posts he occupied, and to get possession of the heights along that river, which in several places command the route that leads towards Maestricht. For this purpose he attacked Diepc with thirteen Battalions and ten pieces of cannon ; but the Irregulars posted there defended themselves until succours arrived to support them ; upon which the Enemy retired. As by their movements there was reason to believe that their whole Army was on the march towards Tirlemont, Prince Wolfenbiittel was ordered to advance with the Corps- de-liescrve of the Allies, from Westerloo to the Abbey of Everboole. At the same time the second line of the left wing had orders to march to Westerloo, in order to sustain the Corps-de-Reserve, By break of day oa the 17th the whole Allied Army was in order of battle, so that, in case of need, they might be ready to march by the left. But the French remaining (juiet behind the Dylo, and witJidrawing their advanced detach- ments, the Allies returned again to their camp. That same morning, the Lycanians, supported by some if I > Rii' >■ ^.^! 7d RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1717. regular Foot, attacked the rear-guard of the Enemy ; killed iiians'attuck ^^^i^^ut sixty, wouudcd ubout ouG liuudrcd, and took as many gnara of tho prisonerB. The French had for some time detached every night lie in wait sevcn Or ci^ht hundred volunteers, who passed tho Dyle, Ai'iu's'but' ^^^^ P^^* themselves in ambuscade to surprise the patrols of turnBur-'" the Allics, wliicli used to reconnoitre towards tho Pont-de- lunbuBciuie. Walcm. Ou tho 19th General Tripp detached one thousand Irregulars and four hundred Hussars, to make a reprisal in tho same way. The patrols having advanced before, and driven the French detachment out, immediately retired back to their own party, which was concealed. Upon this the Enemy pursued imtil they fell into the ambush, when they were set upon with so much fury, that after a slight resist- ance they threw down their arms and fled, with the loss of above two Imndrcd killed and thirty-four made prisoners. In this affair the Allies had ten men killed and twenty-one Avounded. Meanwhile tho French had nuide large detachments by their right; these assembled under the command of Count Clermont, to the number of about tliirty thousand, and en- camped between Tongres and Bilsen. This obliged the Allies to make detachments from their left, in order to watch the Ccmnt's movements; whereby frequent skirmishes happened. Clint ci.-v- ^'1 these the Allies w< o always so successful, that from I!np»i"ti.MVs the 10th to the 28d they killed, and made prisoners, above wacstrkht. two hundred and twenty men. Count Clermont, however, innnediately set about making preparations for besieging Maestricht, and it 'vas thought the French Grand Army was upon the pouit of nuirching to cover the siege. To prevent this, the Allies marched on the 24th by the left, and encamped TliO Allies tiikfc nu'.i- Hiires to lire vt'tit it. 1 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S O^VN BORDERERS. 71 J' from Zoerle to the wood of tlio Abbey of Everboolo. General Tripp, witli his Corps of Irregulars on our right, stayed behind to cover the rear of our march. About tlireo hundred Pan- dours" und Lyeanians^" having been left in Lier, as a roar- guard to his Corps, they were surrounded in that town by a considerable body of French, who desired them to capitulate. Ihey, however, refused to do this, and forming the resolu- tion, cut their way through with the loss of only live or six men, and joined General Tripp on l^is march. The same day that the Allies began their march the main Army cf the French quitted their former position, crossed the Dyle, and encamped with their left at Louvain, and their right near Tirlemont. On the 25th the Allies continued their march, and took post with their right extending along the heights above Diest, and their left on Meldert. The Corps -de -Reserve under Prince Wolfeubiittel ad- vanced at the same time to Lummen, while General Baroniai, with the Light Troops, took post at Ilasselt. Count Clermont, fearing tlie AUies might now pa.is tho Demer and cut him off from the French Gi'and Army, quitted his advantageous camp between Tongres and IJilsen, and re- t" ed with some precipitation to St. Trend; but finding they di not pass, as he suspected, he returned on the 27th, and took post something nearer to Tongres than formerly. That same day, at six in the evening, the whole Allied Army marched in ft)ur columns, and by eight o'clock next morning they had taken post. The town of Ilasselt was in fi'ont of tlieir centre, their right extended behind Kirken- rode, while their left made an angle towards Ghenck. 1747. Tim Allies take pcist, their right extending ailing tho heights nb(jve DIcst, their left rcptinR on Meldert. ' A description of irregular troojis composed of SlnvonianB, each armed with four or five pistols placed in a bolt roiitul the wuist, and a sabre and poniard. '*> A description of militia, originulljr raised in Slavonia, renembling I'andoum. % 72 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 1747. Thoy halted the rest of this duy ; but a detachment of infantry-and twenty Hquadrone, under the command of Count Daun, marched at noon through Ilasselt towards Biken; this brought on the dispositions for the bloody battle of Val, fought on the 2d July 1747. Pi ! i; i nt of ^ount ken ; fVal, I CHAPTER VI. The particulars of the Battle of Val (or Lafteldt) are con- Battio of vni tained in the following exi Whitehall, July N.s. 1747 tained in the following extract from the London Gazette, dated July 1747. * On the 30th ult. the Army marched hy the Left in three cohamns towards Lonaken, and encamped that night hctween that place and Ghenck. — At the same time the different Detachments of the Army imder Count Daun and the Prince of Wolfenhiittcl, with the Corps of General Earoniai, passed Bilsen, and encamped at the Grand Com- mand erio. 'The Corps of the Comte de Clermont Prince, not having re- tired behind Tongros, hut occupying still the high Ground from Ton- gres to Tongreherg, notw thstanding the approach of our Army, made it evident that they def,igned to sustain that Corps with their whole force, and, if possible, to gain the Camp at Bilsen. ' This position of the Frencli Army made the intercepting the Corps of Clermont impracticable ; it was resolved therefore by His Eoyal Highness the Duke, in concert with Marshal Bathiani and Prince Waldeck (after having that morning reconnoitred the Country towards the Saar), to take possession of the Camp at Bilsen ; ex- tendmg the left to Millen. * For that purpose the ,vhole Army had orders to march hy break of day on the 1st of July n.s. His Royal Highness and Prince Wal- deck remained all that niglit at the Commandcrie, and the Marshal at Bilsen, in order to lose no time the next morning in making the neces- sary dispositions for the arrival of the Army. ' On the 1st July His Koyal Highxiess was on hori^pback by break - iV ' I l!" I H I It*.! 74 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1747. of day, in order to rocoimoitro towards tho Enemy ; but about four o'clock we could perceive the Enemy's Cavalry in motion in two columns stretching towards their Kight, which we immediately con- cluded was with a design to gain the Ileiglits of Llillen and Ilerdeo- ren, and if they found it possible, to fall on tho Head of oui Columns, which were then in march from their Camp, inclining that way. Bo- fore Six, their Irregulars, who flanked the march of their Columns, were skirmishing with our advanced Hussars and Lycanians.* * The instant that the Columns of tho Enemy a])peared. His Royal Highness sent Orders to Sir John Ligonier to advance with the Left Wing of Cavalry as fast as possible, and to tho Foot to press their march j at the same time he ordered tho Prince of Wolfen- biittel to occupy tho Villages of Grote and Klien Spawe with the Infantry of the Corps-de-llesorve, and to form his Cavalry on the Plain between those Villages and the Grand Commanderie. 'These precautions being taken for maintaining our Post at Bil- sen. His Koyal Highness was desirous of forming our Cavalry time enough on the Heights of Herdeeren for the reception of the Enemy. But before our Cavalry could arrive, the Enemy had already occupied those Heights, and presented three Lines of Cavalry on the Descent of the Hill, with their Irregulars, both Horse and Foot, before them. ' This made it immediately necessary to alter the designed position of the Left, since we were no longer masters of those Heights. Ac- cordingly it was unanimously agreed to extend the Left to Wirle, tho Eight still occupying Bilsen, as in the former position. As soon as tho Left "Wing of Cavalry came up, it was formed in tho Plain below Herdeeren, in order to check the Enemy's advancing, and give our Infantry time to come, who were behind them. This motion was executed with great spirit by our Cavalry, under Sir Jolui Li- gonier ; who, on the arrival of the Infantry, countermarched by his Left, on the Right Flank of the Infantry, through the Plain, in order to take up hid ground in order of battle near tho Village of Wirle, covering the Flank of his March with eight Squadrons, who made always a front to the Hill of Herdeeren. ^ A description of irregular troops. (See foot-note, p. 71.) RECORDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. 75 ' This whole day was spent in forming the Army ; and it was determined to receive the Enemy's attack, if they tliought fit to bring on a general action, as by advancing tlioy would in some de- gree give up the advantage of their ground above us. * In conseqaicnco of this resolution, the Villages of the Grand Comraanelorie, and the two Spawes, were fiUcd with the Infantry of the Corps-de-Reservo, and a part of Count Daun's Detachment, whilst the rest made a Flank towards Bilsen, where there was a strong post with cannon, in order to prevent the Enemy's coming round us. The Left Wing took post in the Village of Vlitinghem (where Ilis Royal Highness posted the Brigade of British Guards) and in the Hamlet of Val. Tlic Lines of Infantry extended behind the Villages, having the Left Wing of Cavalry in a line with the Infantry, and The Imperial Cavalry formed in tAvo Lines before the Klien Spawe, whilst wo were employed in forming the Army, which was completed between four and five in the afternoon. The Enemy kept constantly slarmishing with the Irregulars in the Plain, and advancing more Cavalry on the side of the Hill Herdeeren. This was done to mask the march of their Infantry, which kept moving on to our Left, under cover of the Hill on the other side. The Corps of Irregulars, under the command of General Tripps, which had covered the march of the Army from Lier, was now joined, and ordered to the Left, in order to cover that Flank, and watch the motions of the Enemy that way. The Dutch Cavalry was ordered to be formed in the rear of the Left of their own Infantry, and the Right of the Hessian, as that was judged the weakest p...fc of the line of battle. ' This evening we cannonaded the Enemy very smartly fi' m\ a Hill in front of the Village of Val, and some shots were exchiinged likewise on the Right ; brt it grew so late, that it was plain the Enemy did not mean to engage a general action at that time, His Royal Ilighnoss the Duke, accompanied by the other Generals, after having rode several times from Riglit to Left, and taken all the mea- sures that could be thought of for security of the situation, ordered the Army to remain under arms all night. *At daybreak on the 2d, His Rcyal Highness, with the Mar- 1747. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) V .^ ^ // *- m?- &. t^- L^'^ v f/u fA ^ y -^ 1.0 I.I ffilM IM I^ Itt mil 2.2 Photographic Sciences Corporation \25 II 1.4 12.0 1.6 V ^% V '^'^'''1 \^ 'f^' 'o 6^ '^ij ^ -^ 73 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4b03 f^ Q>, ,Wf:i 76 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 1747. Tlio Edin- burgli Uegi- mcnt occu- pies the vil- lage of Val. ^i shal and Prince Waldeck, visited the Lines, and made some altera- tion in the former dispositions, by advancing the Front Line of the Left in a line with the Village of Val, and bringing up the Second nearer to sustain it. The Village was occupied by the Regiments late Crawford's,^ Pultncy's,^ Dejean's,* and Frendeman's Regiment of Hanoverians (with artillery). ' The Foot-Guards were likewise retired from the Village of Vlit- inghem, and made a Flank from the Right of the Hessian Grenadiers towards the Bavarians of the centre, fronting the Village of Vlitinsr- hem, which we burnt, in order to prevent the Enemy's making usv. of it to annoy us. 'The Enemy, during the night, had brought more Squadrons upon the Hill of Herdeeren, and we could perceive they had thrown up some Works upon the Brow of the Hill ; but the greatest part of their Infantry, which filed off towards our Left, kept marching on the Eight Flank of their Cavalry. Several Battalions of the British Artil- lery were placed along our Front, in order to rake the Enemy as they should como down the Hills. '' At eight o'clock we could not perceive that they made any mo- tion towards our Front, which made us suspect that they were con- cealing the motions of their Infantry, and amusing us with these Corps of Cavalry, in hopes to cut us off from Maestricht, by pouring down a large Column of Infantry upon our Left. Orders were there- fore given to the Irregulars to watch with the utmost attention the Enemy's motions towards the Meuse. 'His Royal Highness, with the Generals, being returned to the Commanderie, in order to concert what measures should be taken in case the Enemy should not choose to advance upon us, — Sir John Ligonier sent Lieut. -colonel Forbes to acquaint the Duke, that by the motions of the Enemy they appeared to be forming to attack the Left Wing, and that he had ordered all to arms. His Royal High- ness immediately wont thither, the Marshal and Prince Waldeck going at the same time, to prepare their respective corps. No sooner were the Batteries of the Left Wing all fixed for the reception of the " 25th Rogb. of Infantry. » 13th Regt. of Infantry. * 37th Rogt. of Infantry. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 77 Enemy, than their Infantry appeared coming down into the Plain, through a valley between the Hills which leads from Eempts, formed a vast column of Nine or Ten Battalions in front, and as many deep, of their best corps, bearing directly at the Village of Val, in and about which almost the whole of the action was, which lasted near five hours. ' Our batteries continued firing the whole time the Enemy was advancing, as well upon their Foot as the Squadrons of Horse that supported the Eight and Left Flanks of their Column. At ten o'clock the cannonading of the Enemy's side began against the Vil- lage, with the Field-Pieces that they brought with their Infantry (the second shot of which killed His Eoyal Highness's German Aide- de-Camp, the Baron Zigesaer), which was immediately followed by the attaf'i of their first Brigades. Tliese were soon dispersed with prodigious loss, as were the second, third, and fourth Divisions. Over- powered by tliis constant supply of fresh Troops, the Eegiments in "Val were obliged to give way; but being sustained by the Eegi- ments of Wolfe,5 Charles Howard,^ Conway,^ and Hauss, returned to the charge, and recovered their post. The Brigades of Navarre, La Marque, Irish, ]\Ionaco, Eoyal des Vaisseaux, and several others, were entirely ruined. The Enemy kept still pouring on fresh Lines of Foot, so that the Village was lost and regained on both sides several times. The Battalions of British and Hanoverian Infantry entered the Village four or five dillereut times each, though the French but once, as they could never be rallied, and were always supplied with fresh Brigades. ' The instant that the Enemy made the first general discharge of small arms at the Village, His Eoyal Highness ordered one of hia Aides-de-Camp to go immediately to Marshal Bathiani, to inform him that the Loft was attacked, that the Enemy appeared determined to make his whole ellbrt upon Val, and therefore desired ho would bo attentive to support him speedily and effectually. The Marshal re- turned for answer, that ho was doing his utmost for that purpose, and had ordered away directly from the Eight the nhie Battalions of " 8th llrgt. of Inf.iutiy. » l Miics- triclit. Tho Rop- mi'iit moves t/> William- ptadt, And om- biirks for Ire- land. Part of the Ilo(?imeiit is shiinvrcckcd on tlio coast of Nor- mandy. Low Countries ended, and both armies went into winter- fjnurters, The Edinburgh Regiment into Breda. On the Ist of December 1747 William Earl of Panmm-e was appointed to the Regiment, in place of the Earl of Crawford, removed to the Scotch Greys. The use of the fife, which had been for a long time dis- continued in the British Army, was again revived in the Foot Guards, by order of His Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland, in the year 1745. It was, however, first re- adopted in the Line by the 19th Regiment at Bois-le-Duc, in the year 1747. In the beginning of March 1748 the French again took the field under the command of Marshal Saxe, who on the 3d of April invested Maestricht without opposition from the Allies. Tho garrison gallantly defended itself until the 3d of May, when the place was given up in consequence of a cessation of hostilities. The Allies, under the command of the Duke of Cumber- land, recrossed the Mouse, and encamped at Nesselroy ; and in the end of June, Panmure's, The Edinburgh Regiment, was cantoned in the village of Ilaycs, from whence it after- wards marched to vVilliamstadt, where it embarked on the 1 1th of the following November for Ireland. The transports, which were two in number, remained wind-bound in the Meuse imtil tiie 24th of December, when they set sail ; but in consequence of contrary winds and stormy weather, they were driven into Harwich next day. On the 18th of January 1749 the Regiment set sail from Harwich, and made the Downs on the 19th, where co itrary winds obliged it to remain until the 29th, when it again sailed. However, a violent gale drove one of the transports on the coast of Normandy, about throe leagues and a half from Caen, where she was wrecked. The men, consisting RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 85 of three and a half companies, were saved, and marched to 1752. Caen. Here they remained upwards of a month, when they saved. moved to Cherboiu-g, and embarked on board an Enghsh transport provided for their reception, and sailed for the Isle of Wight, where they arrived and landed. Having stayed here for six weeks, they reembarked in a third transport, and again sailed, but were driven into Falmouth, and de- tained tliere several weeks by stress of weather. They, how- ever, ultimately reached Kinsale, and were disembarked on the 27th of April. The other transport, with the remainder of the Regi- ment, consisting of six and a half companies, after having been driven into Plymouth on the 31st of January, sailed on the 9th of February, and arrived at Kinsale on the 13th of that month, and landed there the following day. Part of the Regiment was stationed here, while the remainder went to Bandon. In June the whole Regiment assembled in the town of Kinsale, where it was reviewed by Brigadier Rich- bell. In the month of June 1750^ Panmure's Resriment marched t^o Rogi- *-• ment mar- from Kinsale for Cork, where it was quartered, and in JulyKinsatoto of the same year was reviewed by Brigadier Le Grand ; after ^°'^''' which it marched for Cashel, and was quartered in that city and adjacent canton iients. In June 1751 the Regiment mai'ched from Cashel and itsTiionceto vicinity, and assembled in Cork, and was quartered in the old barracks. In the end of June it was again reviewed by^^^jy^^^ Brigadier Le Grand. '°*^'"''- On the 29th of April 1752 the Earl of Home was ap-^^^j,^^,^^ pointed Colonel of The Edinburgh Regiment in place of the J{ ■I'X.j'coio- Earl of Panmure, removed to the Royal North British Fusi-Rosimentin tlie place of 1 During tbis year the quick time of marching was introduced at the half-yeatly inspections, and blended with the slotr time. m »! 86 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1752. liers tlio I'iirl of Ii' the month of May it was reviewed in Cork by Bri- inovai'to'tia g''''ds to Manchester and Wake- field to quell riotg. Tlien mar- ches to tho IslconVight, An cx|ie J hJ^n.' Napier's^ Regiment, dated near Minden, 3d August 1759 : * We have gained one of the most glorious battlej that ever was fought, against an Army at least twice our number. Prince Ferdi- nand has during the whole Campaign, notwithstanding all disadvant- ages, displayed the most masterly skill in generalship ; but the last coup cfeclat has raised his reputation above the reach of detraction. Foreseeing that the Electorate of Hanover would be quite exposed should he retreat farther, he determined to bring the Enemy to battle, notwithstanding their superiority. He knew them too well to expect they would attack him without a manifest advantage ; and to endea- vour to force their camp and intrenchments was to take the bull by the horns. For these reasons, he resolved to play off a stratagem against M. Contades, in order to draw him out to the open field ; as he suspected the Camp to be swarming with spies, he communicated his plan only to the General Officers. ' On the 29th and 30th of July he made several marches and countermarches with the Army, which was divided into three bodies, chiefly with the design of amusing the Enemy. On the 31st he filed off with the main body to the right, quite out of sight, leaving Ge- neral Wangenheim in the Camp with eighteen thousand men; he then posted small bodies in proper places, who, by signals conveyed from one to another, could give him immediate intelligence of the least I 1 12th Regiment of Infantry. 'nl WK^mm RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 99 /I motiou of the French. These dispositions being made, he waited the event of his scheme, which was answered to his wish. 'Betwixt four and five in the morning of the Ist of August, M. Contades poured out his troops, in order to fall on Wangenheim, whom he expected to crush in a twinkling. That brave General received them with the greatest firmness and resolution. The onset of the French Army was extremely furious, rushing with the greatest impetuosity, like a deluge, threatening to sweep all before it. But the undauntedness and good disposition of our Troops checked their career, and made them reel back again ; however, they soon rallied, and returned to the charge, and Wangenheim must have been over- powered, had not Prince Ferdinand, most unexpectedly and disagree- ably for the French, advanced with the main body. He immediately fell upon their left wing with great vigour, and saluted them with a most terrible discharge of his Artillery, which did prodigious execu- tion, and put them into the utmost disorder ; but fresh troops coming up, the most desperate conflict was renewed. * Prince Ferdinand rode up and down through the lines, exhort- ing his soldiers to behave gallantly. He detached reinforcements wherever there was occasion ; he animated the Troops by his example, exposing his person like a young Officer, and at the same time putting in practice all the arts of a most consummate General. ' Our British Infantry, headed by Generals Waldegrave and Kings- ley, fought with the greatest ardour and intrepidity, sustaining and repelling the repeated attacks of the Enemy with the most romantic bravery. The soldiers, so far from being daunted by their falling comrades, breathed nothing but revenge ; for my part, though at the beginning of the Engagement I felt a kind of trepidation, yet I was 80 animated by the brave example of all around me, that when I received a slight wound by a musket-ball slanting on ;ny left sida, it served only to exasperate me the more, and had I then received orders, I could with the gi-eatest pleasure have rushed into the thick est of the Enemy. We fought, in short, like British to outshine themselves. Interest, honour, glory, and emulation, conspired to render the Battle of Thorhauaen famous to posterity. 1769, 'ih^ U 100 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1759. Tho casual- tins in Tho liUnburgh Uogimcnt at the Battle of Mindun. The Battle of MimloniRthe first instance of the British Infantry tak- ing aim while firing Bt the Ene- my. 'The French Officers did all they could to wrest the victory from U8 ; often did they rally their broken troops and return to the charge, and as often were they beat off with tho greatest havoc. Our Artillery was handsomely served. At last, after the most obstinate dispute of six hours, the French gave way on all hands, in spite of the utmost endeavours of their Commandors, wlioni they hurried along in the flight it was, and not a retreat. Thousands jumped into tho water, and many were forced into it by the crow<1s pressing hard behind, and the roads were all strewed with those who lay expiring of their wounds : a dismal sight ! The loss of the French is computed at seven thousand killed on the field and in the pursuit ; about twice as many wounded ; four thousand drowned ; and it is said wo have made about five thousand prisoners. We have taken fifty-two pieces of cannon, sixteen pairs of colours, nine standards, and their whole jaggage. ' Our loss, in killed and woimdod and missing, is about fourteen hundred, among whom is no olficer of note. The Hanoverians have lost near two thousand.' The Edinburgh Regim..nt had one sergeant and eighteen men killed in the battle of Minden; Captain Gore, Lieu- tenants A. Campbell, Sterrop, and Wilson (who died of his w^ounds), Ensigns Pintard, Edgar, Lockhart, four sergeants, and one hundred and fifteen rank and file were wounded, while nine were missing; making a total loss of one hundred and fifty-four men. The foregoing engagement is the first in which the British troops took aim, by placing the butt of the firelock against the shoulder and viewing the object along the barrel when firing at the enemy ; in which mode they had been instructed during the preceding peace. On former occasions the firelock was brought up breast high and discharged towards the «enemy a good deal at random ; because it was considered a degradation to take aim, according to the pre- t mm RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 101 sent custom. In this year also the Cavah-y adopted the trumpet, in place of the side-drum and hautboys. After the battle of Thorhausen the Enemy retreated by Cassel, out of which they Avere driven towards the Lahn, and were pursued and harassed by the Allies, until they took up a position near Giessen, in the month of September, which town they occupied. A part of the Allies, under the Hereditary Prince, having driven the Duke of Wurtemberg out of Fulda, pm'sued their course by Ruppertenrod, situated on the right flank of the French Army, when the Allies assembled near Kleinlinnes and Henchelam, from whence they drove the Enemy, took possession of the ground they had occupied, and made some preparations for attacking Giessen ; but remained encamped until the 5th of December, when the French Commander, having concentrated his forces, advanced with an intention of attacking the Allies. However, he found them so ad- vantageously posted, that he relinquished his design ; and the affair terminated by a brisk cannonade from both armies, and the French resumed their former position. Soon afterwards the Allies moved to Corsdoif, and in the beginning of January 1760 fell back as far as Marbiu-g, where Prince Ferdinand established his head-quarters ; after which the Allies went into winter-quarters ; The Edinburgh Regi- ment into the village of Alsbach, where it remained a few days, then moved to Kinsbach, and from thence to Michaels- bach, and ultimately into a very neat town called Melle, in the bishopric of Osnaburg, where it remained during the winter. During the month of January several affairs of posts took place. On the 3d a corps of the Enemy attacked the town of Herborn, which they carried, and made prisoners a small detachment of the Allies. 1789. The Cftvftlry a(loi)t the tniiii|H)t In plaoe of tlio drum niul hautboys. 17C0. Tho Allies go into wintor- (luartcra, Tho Ei 1760. Ml About the same time another Corps of the Jnemy ap- peared before Dillenburg, when the garripon retired to the Castle; where they defended themselves until Prince Fer- dinand came to their relief with a strong detachment of the Confederates. This attacked and totally defeated the besiegers, when seven himdred prisoners, including forty officers, seven pair of colours, and two pieces' of cannon fell into our hands. On the same day Keith's and Camp- bell's Highlanders, under the command of Major Keith, sup- ported by Luckner's Hussars, attacked the village of Eybach, where a French regiment of Dragoons was posted. This village was carried with great loss on the part of the Enemy, of whom many were made prisoners, while about two hun- dred horses and all their baggage were taken. On the 8th a strong Corps of the Enemy advanced on the left of the Allies situated in the neighbourhood of Ex- dorf. Here the Duke of Holstein commanded a detachment, and he, by dint of a sharp cannonade, obliged the Enemy to retreat with great precipitation. On the 29th, Colonel Luckner, at the head of the Hanoverian Hunters, fell in with a detachment of the Enemy, consisting of two hundred men, under the command of Coimt Muret. These he attacked with such vigoiu', that the Count was made prisoner, while all his party, except twenty-two who escaped, were either killed or taken. After this the French retired into winter- quarters. Lord George Lord Gcorgc Sackvillc was about this time, at his own Sackvilleis . , , tried at his request, tried by a general Court-martial, for the offence laid own request i ' »» o ' martur"^" *° ^^^^ charge ; and the following was the decision of the Court : Decision of the Court. ' The Court, upon due consideration of the -whole matter before them, is of opinion, that Lord George Sackville is guilty of having * London Oazcite, January 1700. % iH RECORDS OF THE KING's CWN BORDERERS. 103 disobeyed the orders of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, wliom he was, by his coraniission and instructions, directed to obey as Com- mander-in-chief, according to the rules of war ; and it is the farther opinion of this Court, tliat the said Lord George Sackville is, and he is hereby adjudged, unfit to servo His Majesty in any military capa- city whatsoever.' During the months of February, March, and April, re- peated incursions were made by the French into the country occupied by the Allies, though with little success. Some con- tributions were, however, levied by them upon several towns, especially that of Hanau-Muntzenberg, where they p undered the magistrates and principal inhabitants of their movable property, whereby they were severely oppressed by the Enemy. In consequence of this, some retaliation was made on the part of the Confederates ; and this harassing kind of warfare continued until the armies took the field in the month of May. In the beginning of May the French, under a new com- mander. Marshal the Duke de Broglio, took the field to the number of about one hundred thousand men, and established their head-quarters at Frankfurt. At the same time the Count de St. Germain with a separate corps, consisting of about thirty thousand, assembled on the Rhine. The Confederates, under the command of Prince Ferdi- nand of Brunswick, having exhausted the coiuitry where they wintered of provisions, fell back on the 5th of May, by the way of Paderborn, in order to obtain supplies from Hamburg and Bremen. This army, of which the 25 Ih, or Edinburgh Regiment, formed a part, encamped rn the 20th at Fritzlar ; having left a corps in the bishopric of Miinster, under General Sporcken, who had instructions to encamp at Diilmen, for the purpose of opposing the French under the Count de St. Germain. At Fritzlar the Allies were re- 1760. Tlie French levy contri- butions on several towns. The Confederates retaliate. The French take the fleld. The Con- faierates fall back by way of I'a- derbom. Tlic Edin- burgh Ilopl- nieiit forms a part of the Confederate Army, 104 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. I 17C0. I I Tlio Duke do Broglio ad- vances to Ncuetodt. Tho Ilurcdl. tary rriiico attacks tho French , and ia repulsud with lobS, The Britiah Dragoons charge, and fHVc tlie In- fantry from being cut off. inforced by six regiments of British Cavalry and six of In- fantry, under the command of Major-general Griffin. Dm-ing the greater part of the month of June various skirmishes and affiiirs of posts took place between the armies, in which the Allies were generally successful. On the 24tli Prince Ferdinand with the Allied Army marched from Fritz- lar to Frillendorf, and encamped on the hills between Ziegen- hain and Treysa; having General ImhofF's corps at a small distance on the right, and that of the Hereditary Prince of Brunswick on the left of the army. In the mean time the Duke de Broglio having assembled his forces, advanced to Neustadt, where he encamped on the 28th ; and Prince Ferdinand, having received intelligence that the French were in motion, advanced from Ziegen- hain ; and on the 9th of July occupied the height of Bru- neau in the neighbourhood of Wildnngen, where the Here- ditary Prince, at the head of the advanced corps, reinfoi'ced with some battalions and scpiadrons under Majoi'-general Griffin, was sent forward to Saxenb.ausen, whither tho army followed the next morning. The Hereditary Prince con- tinued to advance, and foinid the French already formed at Corbach, and being deceived by their numbers, judging they did not exceed twelve thousand men, resolved to attack them. This he did with impetuosity; but the Enemy being too powerful, and having the advantage of a numerous artillery, he was repulsed with a loss of about five hundred men, and fifteen pieces of cannon ; the main body of the Allies being at too great a distance to support him, in con- sequence of which he retired in great disorder. Had it not been for the British Dragoons, who, headed by the Prince in person, charged Avith their usual gallantry, the infantry would in all probability have been cut off. As it was, the Hereditary Prince was slightly wounded in the shoulder. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 105 A few days after this affair, Prince Ferdinand receiving jjatti^^f intelligence that a body of the Enemy had advanced on the ^^'^°'^- left of the Allies to Ziegenhain, he detached the Heredi- tary Prince to oppose them, at the head of six battalions of Hanoverians and Hessians ; with Elliott's^ Regiment of Brit- ish Light Horse, Luckner's Hussars, and two Brigades of Chasseurs. With this force he attacked the Enemy near the village of Exdorf, when a very brisk engagement ensued, in which the cavalry, especially Elliott's Regiment, signalised themselves remarkably b-^' repeated charges. The Enemy "^"^^"^^ on this occasion were C( pletely defeated, after an obstin- ate resistance; and Mi ^or-general Glaubitz, who commanded the French, with the Prince of Anlialt Cothen, and five bat- talions, were made prisoners, while six pieces of cannon and all their basreraare were taken. Prince F erdinand moved ti>o Aiiiai '^" '-' aiiuy moves the Allied Army from Saxenhausen to the neighbourhood of '*'^''^^- Cassel, where it remained until the 30tli July. In the mean time the reserve of the French, amounting to above thirty-five thousand men, passed the Dymel at Stradtbergen, and extended down its banks for the purpose of cutting off the communication of the Allies with West- phalia ; while their main force advanced towards the Allies encamped at the village of Kalle, and the reserve of the Enemy moved towards Cassel. Prince Ferdinand hereupon decamped during the night of the 30th, and passed the Dymel without obstruction, between Liebenau and Trendel- burg, having left a body of troops, under the command of General Kiuhnanseggo, for the defence of Cassel. On the day preceding, the Hereditary Prince with his corps passed the same river, and having joined General Sporcken near Corbeke, reconnoitred the position of the Enemy, whom he found very advantageously posted between ' 15th Ligbt DragoonB, "7 ^ ' jl 106 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. i it i ^ 1 . '. ^ < 1760. Engagement lit Warburg, i The French retreat with precipita- tion. The Marquis of Gnviiby pursues tlio IJucmy 08 far 08 Wilda, Warburg and Ochscndorflf. Notwithstanding the strength of their position, Prince Ferdinand resolved to attack them, and ordered the Hereditary Prince and General Sporcken to force their left, and if possible to turn that flank ; while His Serene Highness advanced with the main body of the Confederates against their front. On this occasion the Enemy were attacked almost at the same time on the flank, and in the rear of their left wing, with such impetuosity, that they retreated so fast as to prevent the main body of the Allies from coming up with them. In consequence of this the IMarquis of Granby advanced with the cavalry; and the Brigade of British Artillery, commanded by Captain Phillips, having been put iv motion, also came up with great alacrity in time to second the attack ; but the French Cavalry retired upon the approach of the Marquis, with the exception of a few squadrons which ventured to stand the charge, and were immediately broken. The British Cavalry now attacked the Enemy's Infantry, which sufiered very severely. The French finding themselves hard pressed in all quar- ters, retired with precipitation ; having suff*ered severely from the various attacks of the British Cavalry, and the well- directed fire of the British Artillery. Maxwell's and Beck- with's battalions of Grenadiers, with two battalions of High- landers, distinguished themselves on this occasion ; and the Enemy left about fifteen hundred men killed and wounded on the field, about the same number made prisoners, while many were drowned in attempting to cross the Dymel, from the close pursuit of the Allies. Ten pieces of cannon, and several standards, also fell into our hands. On the evening of the battle, the Marquis of Granby went in pursuit of the Enemy with twelve British battalions and ten squadrons, and en- camped at Wilda, about four miles from Warburg ; the m RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 107 heights of which were possessed by the main body of tlie Enemy. The following is his Lordship's official account to the Earl of Holderness, dated Heights of Wilda, 1st August 1760. ' My Lord, — It is with the greatest satisfaction that I have the honour of acquamting your Lordship of the success of the Hereditary Prince yesterday morning. ' General Sporcken's Corps marched from the Camp at Kalle to Liebenau, about four in the afternoon of the 29th ; the Hereditary Prince followed, the same evening, with a body of Troops, among which were two Battalions of Clreiiadiers, the two of Highlanders, and four Squadrons of Dragoons, Cope's* and Conway's.* * The Army was under arms all day on the 30th, and about eleven at night marched off, in six columns, to Liebenau. About five the next morning the whole Army assembled, and formed on the Heights near Corbeke. * The Hereditary Prince was at this time marching in two columns in order to turn the Enemy's Left Flank ; which he did, by marching to Donhelbourg, leaving T^lein-Eder on his Left Flank, and forming in two lines, with the left towards Dossel, and his right near Grim- beck, opposite to the Left Flank of the Enemy, whose position was, with the Left to the high Hill near Offendorff, and their Eight to Warburg, into whicli place they had flung Fischer's Corps. The Hereditary Prince immediately attacked the Enemy's Flank ; and, after a very sharp dispute, obliged them to give way ; and, by a con- tinual fire, kept forcing them to fall back upon "Warburg. ' The Army was at this time marching with the greatest diligence to attack the Enemy in front ; but the Infantry could not get up in time ; General Waldegrave, at the head of the British, pressed their march as much as possible ; no Troops could show more eagerness to get up than they showed. !Many of the men, from the heat of the weather, and overstraining themselves to get on, through morassy and very difficult ground, suddenly dropped down on their march. 1760. Marquis of Grniiiiy's ofltciiil ac- count to the Karl Holder- ness. London Ga- zelle, August 5-9, 1760. * 7tlx Light Dragoon*. " Ist Dragoons. \ 108 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 17C0. ' General Mostyn, who was at the head of the British Cavah-y that was formed on the right of our Infantry, on the other side of a large wood, upon receiving the Duk«'» order to come up with the Cavalry as fast as possible, made so much expedition, bringing them up at a full trot, though the distance was near five miles, that the British Cavalry had the happiness to arrive in time to share the glory of the day, having successfully charged several times both the Enemy's Cavalry and Infantry. ' I should do injustice to the General Ofticers, to every Officer and private man of the Cavalry, if I did not beg your Lordship would assure His Majesty that nothing could exceed their gallant behaviour un that occasion. * Captain Phillips made so much expedition with his cannon, as to have an opportunity, by a severe cannonade, to oblige those who had passed the Dymel, and were formed on the other side, to retire with the utmost precipitation. ' I received His Serene Ilighncss's orders yesterday in the evening, to pass the River after them with twelve British Battalions and ten Squadrons ; and am now encamped upon the Heights of Wilda, about four miles from Warburg, on the Heights of which their Grand Army is encamped. ' M. de Muy is now retiring from the Heights of Volkmisscn, where he lay under arms last night, towards Wolfihagcn. * I cannot give your Lordship any account of the loss on either side. Captain Faucitt, whom I send off with this, shall get all the in- telligence he can upon this head before he sets oil". — I am, &c. ' Granuy. * Saturday mornirg, six o'clock. ' C'asuaRUsof '^'''^ casiuiltics of tlio 2r)th, Tho EJinburgli Regiment, iii bnrKh i"Qrt8-ina) tarn extent, discretionary with the commanding officers of t"^^]"' corps, and inflicted by means of switches, generally of wil- £«? low; but during the present year, Regimental Courts-martial, consisting generally of a captain and four subalterns, were instituted, and punishment with a cat -of- nine -tails intro- duced. Disinhution of the Land Forces of Great Britain and Ireland during Di»tribn«on the year \UQ. For^l'"' _ Great Brf- In Great Britain, under Lord Viscount Ligonier, commanding-in- t*hi"y^^"* chief : i76o. 2 Troops of Horse Guards. 2 „ Horse Grenadiers. 6 Regiments of Dragoons. 3 „ Footguards. 23 „ Foot. In Ireland, under Lieut.-general the Earl of Rothes, commanding- in- chief : 2 Regunents of Horse. 8 „ Dragoons. 17 „ Foot. In Jersey, under Colonel Boscawen : 1 Regiment of Foot. In Gibraltar, under Lieut.-general the Earl of Home, Governor : 6 Regiments of Foot. In Germany, under Lieutenant-general the Marquis of Granby, commander-in-chief : 1 Regiment of Horse Guards. 2 „ Horse. 3 „ Dragoon Guards. 6 „ Dragoons. 16 „ Foot. 2 „ Highlanders. 118 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1761. ■li^ In North America, under Major-general Amherst, Commander- in-chief : 21 Regiments of Foot. In the West Indies : 6 Eegiments of Foot. In Africa : 2 Regiments of Foot. In the East Indies : 4 Battalions of Foot. Total: 31 Regiments of Horse and Dragoons. 97 Foot. Major Goode- rioke suc- ceeds Vis- count Down as Lieuten- ant-colonel of The Edin- burgh Eegi- ment. The centre division, un- der Prince Ferdinand in perFon, and ot which The Edin- burgh Ilegi- mcnt forms a part, marches to- wards Cas- BeL BesideB these, Great Britain maintained Hanoverian, Hessian, and other German Auxiliaries, to the amount of 60,000 men. Early in the month of January 1761, Major Thomas Goodericke, who was wounded in the battle of Campen, suc- ceeded Viscoimt Down as Lieutenant-colonel of The Edin- burgh Regiment, and Captain David Home succeeded to the majority in room of Goodericke promoted. Iii the beginning of February, Prince Ferdinand gave orders for the Allies to assemble at three different places; this was effected by the 9th of the month. The centre di- vision of the Army, to which The Edinburgh Regiment be- longed, under Prince Ferdinand in person, marched directly up into Hesse, and made its way towards Cassel. The right and left divisions were at a considerable distance from the centre ; the former, commanded by the Hereditary Prince, pushed forward with the utmost expedition upon the French quarters, leaving Hesse to the eastward ; while General Sporcken, who commanded the left division, proceeded to Thuringia, with the view of cutting off all intercourse be- RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 119 tween the Enemy and their garrison. In consequence of the '^*^" suddenness of these movements, the French retreated with great precipitation. Fritzlar was attacked by the Hereditary Prince with a few battaUons ; but finding that it was prepared to receive him, he was obliged to wait for the arrival of a battering train ; after which the place soon surrendered, when a large and well-supplied magazine was secured. Some forts and places of defence in the neighbourhood having been reduced by the Marquis of Granby, the Allies continued to advance and the Enemy to retire, abandoning post after post, until they arrived nearly upon the banks of the Main. In the retreat they destroyed their magazines by fire, excepting five principal stores, saved by the close pursuit of the Allies, who found in these a sufficient supply of provisions and forage for the use of the Confederates during the spring. Cassel, Gottingen, Marburg, and Ziegenhain, and several smaller posts, having been passed by the Allies in their ad- vance, and left in possession of the Enemy, Prince Ferdi- nand turned his attention to the reduction of thoye places. The Marquis of Granby, with a considerable body of troops, was ordered to Marburg, which the French abandoned on his approach. Another corps was sent to besiege Ziegen- hain ; and the siege of Cassel was commenced by a third corps, commanded by the Count de Lippe Schaumburg ; whilst Piii'ce Ferdinand, with the remainder of the Allies, formed a chain of cantonments, with a view of covering the besiegers before mentioned, and of watching the Enemy. The trenches were opened before Cassel on the 1st of March. In the mean time, a large body of the French, from the lower Marshal Rhine, was called in by Marshal Broglio ; and having ioined tticksadi- him, he advanced with his whole force, and with his cavalry aiucs and ' ' "^ overpowers attacked a division of the Allies, consisting of nine regi- ^''""' m 120 RECORDS OF THE KING's OWN BORDERERS. 1761. ments of Hanoverians, Hessians, and Brunswickers. These were overpowered, with the loss of about two thousand men taken prisoners, although very few were killed on either side. In consequence of the combined state of the French Army upon this occasion, and the dispersed state of the Al- The Allies Hes, the latter fell back behind the Dymel, nearly into the fall back be- ,/ ' ^i hind the Dy- quarters they occupied before they advanced. During this operation the Hereditaiy Prince's corps, to which The Edin- TheEdin- burgh Regiment was now added, composed the rear-guard, ment forms and covcrcd the retreat under the greatest privations, being • part of the . ox o war-guard. without baggage, tents, or any shelter whatsoever during the twelve days of incessant skirmishing and fatigue. The Allies having resumed their former position on the 2d of TheEdin- April, The Edinburgh Regiment was stationed at Scherff, a mentissta- miserable village, at that time composing part of the cordon; whence fr"" ^^* ^^ about a fortnight afterwards it marched into more agreeable quarters, at Bielveldt. In consequence of the destruction of the Enemy's maga- zines, by themselves, during their retreat, they were unable to carry on any operations against the Allies, who remained in their cantonments, unmolested, until the end of June. The French (who had assembled at Cassel, and obtained every necessary supply) then moved suddenly towards the Allies, whose advance, under General Sporcken, was sur- prised by Marshal Broglio, and defeated with considerable loss, on the 29th day of June, when he crossed the Dymel without opposition; whereupon the Allies fell back to the Lippe, and the Enemy possessed themselves of Warburg, Dringenberg, and Paderborn. Soon afterwards the Allies commenced to harass the Enemy by detached operations, under General Luckner and other partisans, who attackod the French where least prepared, intercepted their convoys, destroyed their maga- marohes to Bielveldt. i RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 121 zinee, and obtained Bupplies even as far as the gates of "*'• Cassel. The French under Marshal Broglio, having been joined by a corps under Marshal Soubise, were thereby rendered much superior in numbers to the Allies, and Prince Ferdi- nand, having learned that they intended to attack him, called in all his detachments, and formed in order of battle. The right and centre were protected in front by the small deep river Saltzbach, and were flanked by rugged and almost inaccessible ground. The left wing was posted be- tween the rivers Lippe and Aast ; its right supported by the bridge of Kirchdenkern, and its left reaching to the Lippe. The right of the Allies, in which The Edinburgh Regi- The right of . , the Allies, in ment was posted, was commanded by tae Hereditary Prince ; s*.**'^ "^^ and the left, composed principally of the British, by the ^^_^"g* ^ Marquis of Granby. This wing being most exposed in front, by"the*H^- the greater part of the artillery was posted there : but be- Pnnco, and P 1 1 r» is stationed fore the arrangements for the defence were completed, the ^^^ *'^^ right wing of the Enemy, under Marshal Broglio, about six o'clock in the evening of the 15th, commenced a brisk attack upon the Marquis of Gruuby's advanced posts. These held their ground with firmness for several hours, until General Wutgenan with his division, consisting of fom* battalions, reached by a detour the Marquis's left, turned the Enemy's llank, and obliged them to retire. Both sides rested on theu* arms during the night, and Prince Ferdinand having completed his dispositions, the Marquis was again attacked by the Enemy at three o'clock on the morning of the 16th, and the engagement continued until eight o'clock without any visible advantage on either side. About nine. Prince Ferdinand perceiving an intention on the part of the Enemy to erect batteries in front of the Marquis's position, caused the eminence to be carried and 122 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. lidi-, 1761. Sir Henry Erskine, Bart., is m- moved from the G7th to The Edin- burgh Regi- ment, vice Earl of Home de- ceased. Official ac- count of the Battle of Kirchden- kem or Fel- linghausen. occupied by a corps of British. This was performed with so much alacrity, that the right wing of the Enemy fell into confusion, and suddenly left the field, covered by their centre and left, which had during the day made several unsuccess- ful attempts to cross the river Saltzbach, for the purpose of attacking the centre and right of the Allies. The principal part of the engagement of the 15th fell upon the British, and of the 16th upon General Wutgenan's division, which was sent to the Marquis of Granby's support. The loss of the Enemy was computed at about five thousand men killed, wounded, and taken prisoners; whi'f- that of the Allies did not exceed fifteen hundred. Maxwell's Grena- diers behaved with uncommon gallantry i.pon this occasion, and made prisoners the four battalions of the Regiment of Rouge, with their colours and cannon. The 25th, or Edinburgh Regiment, having been stationed in the right wing of the Allies, which was only partially en- gaged, lost no men on this occasion. The left wing of the Enemy, under Marshal Soubise, re- treated towards the Rhine, followed by General Sporcken ; and the right wing, under Marshal Broglio, towards the Weser, pursued by the remainder of the Allies, of which The Edinburgh Regiment formed a part. On the 29th of May, Sir Henry Erskine, Bart., was re- moved from the 67th to The Edinburgh Regiment as Colonel, in place of the Earl of Home deceased. The following is the official account of the battle of Kirch- denkern or Fellinghausen, fought on the 15th and 16th of July 1761 : 'St. James's, 23d July 1761. This day the Honourable Colonel Fitzroy, Aide-de-camp to Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, arrived here, and brought the following particulars from His Serene Highness of the victory obtained on the 16th instant by His Majesty's forces. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 123 * Hohenover, 17th July. Sine the Army occupied the Camp of Hohenover, that of the Enemy, encamped at Soest under the command of Prince Souhise, seemed to have been wholly employed in recon- noitering our position, which was a very advantageous one, on account of the woods and defiles which it was necessary to pass in order to come up with us. There was not a day in which our advanced posts were not disturbed. His Serene Highness was informed, on the 13th in the evening, that Soubise's Ai-my had made a motion forwards ; in consequence of which he ordered the baggage array and the Army to hold itself in readiness to be put under arms on the first signal. ' On the 14th, in the morning, the Enemy's new camp was disco- vered, the rii;ht of which stretched towards the Convent of Paradeis and Soest, the left reaching to the heights of Rhune j and, all having appeared quiet there, the baggage was ordered back. • His Serene Highness, however, thought proper to make a move- ment with his Army, the intention of which was to reinforce the right wing. The Hereditary Prince was at the extremity of it, which was extended as far as the village of Buderich, which was guarded by a detachment. ' Tne body of the Army occupied the heights of Wambeln, and the Prince of Anhalt the ground between Illingen and Hohenover. Lord Granby kept the position upon the heights of Kirchdenkern ; and Lieutenant-general Wutgonan, who was encamped upon the heath of Untrup, marched by his right, to approach the village of Kirchdenkern. The avenues and posts upon the little river Aast and the Sulzbach were guarded by the pickets of the Army. ' This was our position when His Serene Highness was informed, on the 15 th, about six in the evening, that Soubise's Army had struck their tents, and were marching on their right. Almost at the same instant he heard that the Enemy had dislodged the advanced posts of Lord Granby, and that they were advancing in a strong body towards his camp. ' These informations determined him to make the following dis- positions : he ordered Lord Granby to maintain his ground to the last extremity ; Lieutenant-general "Wutgenan was ordered to march to the 1761. mmsmmm m m 124 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1761. left, to block up the high road from Lipstadt to Ham, and to act in concert with Lord Granby, whose right was to be supported by the Prince of Anhalt, who joined it with his left, his own right reaching to the Aast, above Kirchdenkern. Lieut. -general Conway replaced the Prince of Anhalt between Illingen and Hohenover. The Here- ditary Prince ordered Lieut. -general Base to march with part of his troops to occupy the heights of Wambeln, and left Count Kilman- segge on the side of Buderick. The greatest part of the Artillery was distributed by Count Schaumburg Lippe on the front of the left. M. de Sporcken, who was encamped at Hertzfeld, was ordered to send six battalions and six squadrons over the Lippe, which were to sup- port M. de Wutgenan ; and he was to act with the rest in the manner he should think most proper. * The dispositions being made, His Serene Highness came to Lord Granby's camp, which was attacked very briskly. His Lordship had taken his measures so well, that he sustained the efforts of the Enemy till the arrival of M. Wutgenan, who, coming upon his left, and hav- ing taken the Enemy in flank, they could not viithstand these united efforts, and were driven back into the woods, after a fire of artillery and small arms, which continued till late in the night. M. Wut- genan kept the ground he had just gained. He extended his right to Haus-Velinghausen, and turned his left towards the high road of Ham, the defence of which place was his chief object. ' We learned from the prisoners that Marshal Broglio had de- camped at break of day, with his whole Army, from Erwite, in order to give us battle, in conjunction with that of Prince Soubise. * His Serene Highness, judging that the strongest efforts would be made on our left, ordered General Howard to bring up the Brigade of Foot commanded by Lord Frederick Cavendish, and that of Ca- valry commanded by Major-general Lord Pembroke. Colonel Gre- vendorff was sent with two battalions to Kirchdenkern to barricade and fortify that village ; who, in case of necessity, was to be sup- ported by Lieutenant-general Howard. ' The Enemy were in possession of some posts opposite to our pickets, and the patrols were skirmishing all night. 1 11 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 125 1 'The battle began afresh the next morning at thi-ee, and the Enemy redoubled their efforts against M. Wutgenan's Corps, who sustained them with the greatest firmness. The fire from the artillery and small arms continued five hours, without the Enemy's gaining one inch of ground. It was near nine when word was brought to His Serene Highness that the Enemy seemed to design placing some bat- teries upon an eminence opposite to Lord Granby's camp, which we had not been able to enclose within our lines. His Highness per- ceiving the necessity of preventing the Enemy from seizing this emi- nence, from whence they might have very much galled us, and being informed of the arrival of the detachment under General Sporcken, resolved to take advantage of the irresolution which appeared in the motions of the Enemy, and ordered the troops which were nearest at hand to advance upon them. ' This movement was decisive, and had all the success that could be desired. Our troops, having advanced with the greatest intrepidity, soon obliged the Enemy to give way and to retreat with precipitation, having abandoned their dead and wounded and several pieces of can- non, some of which are sixteen-pounders. Maxwell's Battalion of Grenadiers took the Eegiment of Roug^, formerly Bekance, consisting of four battalions, with its cannon and colours. We have made be- sides a great many prisoners, but have not yet had time to make out a list of them. ' The victorious troops followed the Enemy as far as Haltrup ; and the nature of the ground not having allowed of the cavalry's acting, His Serene Highness was then obliged to content himself with detach- ing some hght troops in pursuit of them. ' A brisk cannonade was still continued on the side where the Hereditary Prince commanded ; but upon the news of the defeat on their right, they were probably induced to give over their attacks in that part too. They had made several unsuccessful ones upon the village of Scheidingen, which was occupied by 200 men, under the command of Major Limbourg, supported by some battalions sent by the Hereditary Prince. The day ended with a general retreat of the Enemv. 1761. : 126 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. urn 1781. ' Other accounts mention that the loss of the French, in killed, wounded, and prisoners, was computed at about 5000 men ; and that nine pieces of cannon and six pair of colours were taken. '^ The following is an extract from the orders of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, delivered the day after the battle of Fellinghausen, fought on the 15th and 16th July 1761 : Orders issued < jjis Serene Highness Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick has been by Prince ° Bnm"w"ck°^ gtaciously pleased to order Lieut. -colonel Beckwith to signify to the the^day^ilfter Brigade he has the honour to command, his entire approbation of their F^m^ghau"' conduct on the 15th and 16th. *^"' * The soldierlike perseverance of the Highland Battalions in re- sisting and repulsing the repeated attacks of the chosen troops of France, has deservedly gained them the highest honour. ' The order and activity with which the Grenadiers pushed and pursued the Enemy, and the trophies they have taken, justly entitle them to the highest encomiums ; and the intrepidity of the little band of Highlanders^ merits the greatest praise. * Lieut. -colonel Beckwith begs leave to add that the generosity and humanity with which the soldiers treated the great flock of pri- soners they took, in his opinion, does them as much honour as sub- duing the Enemy.' After this engagement the Enemy retreated in two di- visions. The division under Marshal Soubise passed the river Lippe, and prepared to besiege Miinster ; that under Marshal Broglio crossed the Weser and threatened Hanover. Prince Ferdinand had not troops suflScient to form two distinct armies ; he therefore chose a central position for his main body, and contented himself with sending out such detachments as he could spare to the relief of any places that might be attacked. ' London Gazette Extraordinary, 23d of July 1761. ^ The little band of Highlanders above mentioned was commanded by Captain Patrick Campbell, of Barcaidine, of Colonel Campbell's Regiment. RECORDS OP THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 127 1 On the 4th of August, however, His Serene Highness, having previously resolved to harass the Enemy, ordered Bland's,' Waldegrave's,* and Howard's Dragoons,* to march from the neighbourhood of Haaren and MeerhofF to join the Marquis of Granby; and at daybreak the following morning General Sporcken's first line marched from Brincken for the same purpose, leaving their baggage behind them. These troops had but just joined the Marquis of Granby's Corps, when the French, who advanced in great numbers behind Stadbergen, began to fire on them from their artillery very briskly ; soon after which the fire of the musketry began on both sides. At this juncture General de Wangenheim quitted Biiren with the Corps under his command, and feigned a march towards Stadbergen ; but instead of that route he went to the right of the place, and took the French both in rear and in flank. This movement decided the whole affair, and the French were obliged to retire, ith considerable loss and in great disorder, to Warburg. His Serene Highness in person piu'sued the Enemy, and drove them a league and a half be- yond the Weser. On this occasion the Allies took a great number of prisoners. The second line of the Allied main Army and all the British Cavalry had also advanced so as to be at hand in case the French had been disposed to come to a general action, which they declined. On the 30th Prince Ferdinand ordered a detachment to attack Dorsten, where the ovens of the division of the Enemy imder Marshal Soubise had been built for some time, pre- paratory to a siege of Munster. This detachment succeeded in taking the place, where it made prisoners of the French, after a vigorous resistance. Next day the light troops of the Allies captured about three hundred of the Enemy's wagons, » Now Ist Dragoon Guards, * 2d Dragoon Guards. » 3d Dragoon Guards. 1T61. 128 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. uei. I) ; li a number of ordnance carriages, and other equipments ; as well as a number of the patrols of the Enemy's cavalry along the river Lippe. On the 24th of September a body of the Enemy's light troops, under the orders of Marshal Conflans, having ap- peared before Emden, and the burghers having refused to assist in defending the place, the British garrison, which consisted of only two companies of invalids, amounting to about two hundred nn, made an honourable capitulation, and embarked on tl 'th for Bremen. About the end oi . jtober Prince Ferdinand, having re- ceived intelligence that the French Army was a good deal dispersed over Lower Westphalia; and that a division of the Enemy under the orders of Count de Broglio (brother to the Marshal) had, on the 10th of October, taken posses- sion of Wolfenbiittel, determined to prevent if possible their reassembling, and with that view made the following dis- positions. General Luckner was ordered to march with his detachments, on the 3d and 4th of November, by Ringel- heim and Lutter, so as to be opposite General Stainville's Corps at Geesen on the 5th, and either to keep him in check or to follow him if he retreated. The Hei'editary Prince was directed to march on the 3d by his right from Hildesheim, to cross the Leine at Coldingen, and to proceed on the 4th to Ahlfeldt, so as to be able to get possession of the Huve and Einbeck on the 5th. The Marquis of Granby was or- dered to march on the 3d to Coppenbriigge, on the 4th to Dusen ; to force on that day the post of Capelnhagen, and to be on the 5th at Wickensein, so as to block the defiles which lead from Eschershaueen to Einbeck. His Lordship, after a smart action, forced the Enemy at Capelnhagen, and found means to be, at the hour appointed, on the 5th at Wickensein. These several Corps had been for some time uve or- to land lies lip, md at lime RECO'^DS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 129 1701. upon the right of the Weser, and those on the left having crossed the river on the 4th, as well as the main body under Prince Ferdinand, encamped between Fundern and Hasten- t^" A"'e« *• encamp Iw- back. Lieutenant-general Conway advanced the same day cm'*amuiM^ to Borgel and General Scheele to Bremke, who joined at **"''"*'''• Halle on the morning of the 5th. The intention of His Se- rene Highness was to cut off General Chabo's Corps, which lay at Eschershausen, and he pursued his march for that purpose on the 5th. General Chabo, finding himself likely to be attacked, left Eschershausen, and marched towards Wickensein, in order to get to Einbeck, and join Marshal Broglio. Surprised to find the Marquis of Granby's division in his way, he fell back upon the road to Eschershausen, till he could turn to his right towards Stadtoldendorf, the only way left him to escape, and which, but for an accident, he would likewise have found occupied, and his retreat entirely cut oiF. Lieut.-general Hardenburgh, who was to have passed the Weser at Bodenwerder on the night of the 4th, so as to have been on the morning of the 5th at Amelunxborn, on the road to Eschershausen, was prevented by the pontoons over- tiu-ning in a hollow way, which delayed his arrival at Boden- werder until seven o'clock in the morning ; so that General de Chabo had the good fortune to escape by Dassel to Ein- beck, where he arrived about twelve at noon, and took post upon the Huve. The Hereditary Prince was disap- pointed by this accident ; likewise in his project upon Ein- beck, for he arrived opposite the Huve at two o'clock, where he was joined by the Marquis of Granby and Lieut.-general Conway at four in the afternoon. A warm cannonading ensued till night; but Marshal Broglio had time to collect so many ti'oops that the Hereditary Prince did not think it advisable to attempt to force the Huve under the change of circumstances. Prince Ferdinand encamped at Eschershau- u 130 RECOICDS OF THE KINQ'S OWN BORDERERS. 1761. Prince Fer- dinand en- camps at Eechershan- Ben, where General Har- denburgh joins him. i i'A sen on the night of the 5th, where General Hardenbnrgh joined him. The Bth passed in skirmishes on all sides, with different success. On the 7 th, His Serene Highness ordered the Marquis of Granby to march from Wentzen to Foowohle, and the Hereditary Prince to Ammensen. Marshal Broglio, considering the movement a retreat, followed the Hereditary Prince, but without molestation. His brother Count Broglio, who followed Lord Granby, attacked just as he was beginning to encamp at Foowohle, and drove in his outposts ; but his Lordship had the satis- faction, in the presence of Prince Ferdinand, to repulse the Enemy, and to pursue them quite back to the Huve with the greatest spirit and conduct. It being considered impracticable to attack the Enemy in their present position. Prince Ferdinand therefore resolved to try and get round their left flank, and thereby to put them under the necessity of attacking him, or abandoning Einbeck and all that part of the country. His Serene Highness, after having reconnoitred on all sides on the 7th and 8th, marched for this purpose on the 9th, at three in the morning, to the heights between Mackenson and Lithurst. The Hereditary Prince marched to replace L'^rd Granby at Foowohle, and General Luckner to occupy the Hereditary Prince's camp at Ammensen. The Marquis of Granby was again attacked that morning upon his left, before he could march to follow the Army ; but his Lordship received the Enemy with the same spirit as before, and repulsed them with a considerable loss. Marshal Broglio, finding by his detachments, which were driven off the heights of Lithurst, that the Allies had gained his flank and were partly in his rear, retreated in the night of the 9th, quitting Einbeck and all the adjacent country. Whereupon Prince Ferdinand crossed the Weser, and sent General Boek with a detachment to annoy the Enemy in r 4 i: t w^m RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 131 L r i I Hesse and Waldeck. During those movements upon the Weser and Leine, the army under Marshal Soubise waa em- ployed in taking up its wintei-quartei's. On the 13th of November Prince Ferdinand's centre was at Wangenstad ; and Marshal Broglio, with a design to go into winter-quarters, had recalled his troops from Ganders- heim and Seesen, and was marching, with his whole army, to Gottingen and Munden, and the Hereditary Prince was employed in following the rear-guard of the Enemy, On the 4th of December Prince Ferdinand fixed his head- quarters at Hildesheim ; the Hereditary Prince at Mimster, and soon afterwards the AUief? went into winter-quarters; the British Cavalry into East Friesland ; the British Infan- try into the bishopric of Osnaburg ; General Spoi'cken into Hameln, and General Luckner into Einbeck. The Edin- burgh Regiment wintered in Melle. About sixty thousand of the French v/ent into winter-quarters in the Principality of Hesse, and the remainder were quartered in Dusseldorf and along the Lower Rhine. The forces under Prince Ferdinand, having been recruited to the number of one hundred thousand efFec*'ive men, were the first to take the field The French armies had also been augmenterV "=10 as still to preserve their former superiority in nmnbers ; bu cheir generals were changed. Marshal Broglio was recalled, and the command of the army on the Weser was given to the Prince of Soubise, while that on the Lower Rhine was committed to the direction of the Prince of Cond^. The Hereditary Prince was posted with a strong detachment in the bishopric of MUnster, to. check the progress of the latter general; and Prince Ferdinand in person, with the main body of his forces, lay behind the Dymel to oppose the foriuer. About the middle of April the Hereditary Prince was 1762. The Army nnder Mnr- shal Soubise goes into winter quar- ters. The Allies gi) into winter qunrtera. The forces under Prince Ferdinand take the Held. li uj f r 132 RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 17C2. The Here, ditary Prince makes a movement upon Arer.s- burK, wh'jh he invests. ArenBburg surrenders at discretion. directed to make a, movement from Miinster upon Arensberg, which he did without being perceived by the Enemy ; and on the 19th he invested the place, which, after a sharp can- nonade of six hours, surrendered at discretion. The garri- son consisted of nine officers and about two hundred and thirty men, and the town was defended by twenty-six pieces of cannon. After this exploit he recrossed the river, and took up his former position. The Enemy, who made a move- ment for the purpose of relieving Arensberg, being too late, returned to their former position. At this time the ground on which the French were en- camped, near the village of Grabenstein on the frontiers of Hesse, was very judiciously chosen, both for command of the country and the difficulty of approaching it. Their centre occupied an advantageous eminence, while their lejt wing was almost inaccessible, owing to several deep ravines. Their right was covered by the adjoining village, by several rivulets, and by a large detachment under one of their best officers. Marshal Castries. Prince Ferdinand sent particular instructions to General Luckner, who, leaving a party of Hessian Hussars behind him to deceive the Prince of Saxony, marched in the night with the remainder of his division, crossed the Weser, got round the right of the French army, and, without being dis- covered, placed himself upon their rear. General Sporcken was ordered to advance in another direction, and to charge the same wing in flank. Prince Ferdinand was to fall upon the centre, while the honour and danger of attacking their left wing were consigned to the Marcpiis of Granby. All the necessary preparations were made with so much judgment, celerity, and good order, that the French had no intimation of the design, before they found themselves at- tacked, with the utmost impetuosity, in front, flank, and + RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 133 rear. The right wing, under Marshal Castries, retired with- "62. out much loss, and in tolerable order ; but the rest of the t'i'^^'^ti?^ Army must have been totally routed if General Stainville, who commanded on the left, had not thrown himself with the flower of the French Infantry into the wood of Wil- helmsthal, which enabled him for some time to stop the career of the victors. All this corps, but two battalions, were taken or cut to pieces ; the other divisions, covered by this resolute manoeuvre, precipitately escaped to the other side of the Fulda, or took shelter under the can a of CasBel. About three thousand were made prisoners, and among them nearly two hundred officers. The loss of the Allies was inconsiderable. The British, who were most en- gaged, had only a few men killed; and no officer of rank, except Lieutenant -colonel Townshend, who fell gloriously, regretted by the whole army. ■ri , . i f I CHAPTER X. 1782. The folUnving is an nccount of tlio battle of rfriibciistoin or Wilhelmsthal, fought on the 14th day of Juno 17(52. An aooount of thp iMittU' of UriitMMi- •U>ln or Wil- hotiiinthikl, fvniKht untho Uth of Jui\o V6'i. ' London ihuette Extraonlinarji, St. James's, 30th Juno 17C2. * This nftonioon Licut.-coh^nol IViyd, first AiiUvilo-cftinp to Princo Fortiiuftiul of Brunswick, arrivoil hort^, being ihspiitched by His Sorono Higluiesa to the King, with tho following account of a victory gained by His ^hijcsty'a forces under his command, on tho 24th instant, over the French nrmioa couunandeil by tho Marshals D'l!itr(5o8 and Soubiso. * The French Army has been surprised tliis day in thoir camp of Griibenstein by His Majesty's forces. Tho ^larshals D'Etrces and Soubiso hail encamped their troops between that place and Meinbroxon. Tlie centre of their army was posted on a very advantageous omineuco, their left Aving inaccessible by several deep ravines, and their right covered by Grubenstein, several little rivulets, and by a body of troops under the command of General do Castries, posted at Carls- dorff. Prince Ferdiuand made the following dispositions for attacking the Enemy : ' Genenxl Luckner, who was situated on tho Leiue, having Eim- beck in his front, with six battalions of grenadiers, four squadrons of dragoons, and eight squadrons of hussars, to watch Prince Zavior'a motions, who lay encamped with his Corps do Reserve between the Werra and Gottingen, received orders, in the night between the 22d and 23d, to march to Gotsbuhron in the Eeinharts-Wald, with the grenadiers, four squadrons of horse, and his own regiment of hus- sais. The Hessian Hussars were ordered to remain near Mohringen, in order to conceal his march, and to observe Prince Zavier. ' M. Luckner began his march from Hallenstadt on the 23d, at RECORDS OF THE KIN(J S OWN HORDKRERH. 135 six ill tho morning ; got to Uslar at noon, ])a8S0(l the Woser at Uodcn- foldt at six in the ovouing, and towards night roodnid Ootslmliron. 'Ho liad orders to proccMid on tlio y'lth, at throo in tho morning, to Mariondorir, and to form hotwcusn tliat i)la(!(! and UdfiiihaUHon. ' M. do SjMtrckon paHHud tho Dymcd at Siidoni, at four in tho morning, willi twcilvo l)attuli()nfl of llanovfrriiiiiH and part of tlic ca- valry of tho hd't wing, in order to march ])y RiiiMliartH-Wahl, hotweon lloml)r(!xon and UdonliauHtm. As soon as ho had fornu; I lio was to attack the Enemy's ('orps, whiidi was posted at Carlsihirff, in flank, while Lucknor chargcid their rear; and, if ho succeeded, was to con- tinue marching in such manner as to take the Enemy's camp at Grii- bonstein both in Hank and rear. Trinco Ferdinand ])aK8cd tho Dyiro) n,t four in the morning with twelve battalions of tho English, eleven i.ivti.. lions of Ihunswickers, and eight Hessian regiments, togeth( with the lu)glish Cavalry and part of tho German Cavalry of the left wing, with an intent to draw up behind tho Pond of Kalse. Tho pickets of tho Army formed tho vanguard on the loft, and tho Chasseurs of tho English and German Infantry, commanded by Lord Frederick Cavendish, with Freytagh's Hanoverian Chasseurs, that of the right, in order to seize upon the Lagenberg. 'The Marquis of Granby was to pass tho Dymel at Warljurg, totweon two and throe o'clock in the morning, with the reserve under his command, to march by Zieremborg and Ziebershausen, upon the eminence which is opposite to Furstenwald, in order to fall upon the loft wing of tho Enemy. This whole plan was put in execution. We wore in presence of tho Enemy before they had the least apprehension of being attacked. However, M. do Castries had time to retreat, and did it with very small loss. ' Prince Ferdinand came on in the centre, and gained ground. The Enemy, seeing themselves attacked in front, in flank, and in rear, wore not long in striking their tents and retreating. Prince Ferdinand pursued and pressed upon them as close as possible ; and they would, ■without doubt, have been entirely routed, if M. de Stainville had not thrown himself, with tho Grenadiers of France, the Royal Grenadiers, 1783. mssm 136 RECORDS 0¥ 7 HE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1763. I' i: the regiment of Acquitaine, and other corps being the flower of the French Infantry, into the ■woods of Wilhelmsthal, to cover their retreat. That resolution cost him dear, his whole infantry having been taken, killed, or dispersed, after a very gallant defence, excepting two battalions, which found means to get oflF. Some of those troops had before surrendered to Lord Granby's Corps ; and, upon the com- ing up of the Army, the remainder, after one fire, surrendered to the 5th Eegiment of Foot. ' Lord Granby acquitted himself, upon this occasion, with remark- able valour, and had a great share in the victory. 'All the troops behaved extremely well, and showed great zeal and willingness; but particularly the first battalion of Grenadiers, belonging to Colonel Beckwith's Brigade, which distinguished itself extremely. ' The Enemy's Army retreated under the cannon of Cassel, and a great part of it passed very hastily over the Fulda. ' We have taken between two and three thousand prisoners, seve- ral standards and colours. M. Reidesel attacked, beat, and totally overthrew the regiment of FitzJames, took 300 of their horses, and their two standards. ' Our loss in men is very inconsiderable, amounting only to be- tween two and three hundred ; and we have no officer of distinction killed, except Colonel Townshend. * Grtlbenstein, June 28th.' I List of French pri- soners taken in the action of the 24th. \>. List of French Prisoners taken in the action of the 2ith instant. 162 Officers of the different regiments • Grenadiers of France 635 Royal Grenadiers of Eochalambert 208 „ „ L'Espinasse 135 „ „ Le Camus 121 „ „ N'arbone . 60 Acquitaine 432 Poitou 29 Royal Deuxp^ jiui . . . . 30 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 137 Waldner D'Epting Choseul Dragoons . Eoyal Piccardy Cavalry FitzJames's Cavalry Chamboran Monnet . Of other Eegiments and Corps Brought forward 1650 108 55 64 30 77 28 112 446 1763. -2570 During this action The Edinburgh Regiment was in the -n.eEdin right wing of the army : it was, however, so slightly en- ^^I^ufft gaged that it lost no men. Prince Ferdinand established w'n?§}1he his head-quarters at Wilhelmsthal for some time, from whence ^'' the following operations were projected. On the right of the Allied Army the Marquis of Granby made himself master of Fritzlar, Feltzberg, and Judesberg; and drove a French Corps from Horaberg, making two hundred and fifty pri- soners, with a loss of eighty men killed, wounded, and taken on his side. Colonel Ridesal destroyed a French magazine at Rothen- burg, and General Luckner took the famous partisan Monet, o^nera. with his whole corps, within two hundred paces of Cassel. t^aCt^Te The Castle of Waldeck, eleven leagues from Cassel sur- '^- ^o^"" rendered to the Allies on the 11th of July, after a brisk'"""" bombardment for two days. The garrison, consisting of four officers and one hundred and sixty men, capitulated, and agreed not to serve against the Allies for one year. On the 23d of July an attack was made by a corps of Hanoverian and Hessian troops, commanded by General Gilsea, upon a part of the Enemy's right wing, composed chiefly of the Saxon troops under Count de Lusace, in their entrenched camp of Lutternberg ; the Allied troops marched I I—I— - J w* ^» ma I , .'1, m 138 RECORDS OF THE KING's OWN BORDERERS. 1763. sion. through the Fulda up to their waists, and after having TheAiues clambered up the mountain, drove the Enemy from four Enemy from palisaded rcdoubts in succession, and from all their en- four palisad- •*• ed redoubts treuchments. in succes- During the action Majoi'-general Walthausen gained the rear of their right flank, charged their cavalry, routed them, and took and destroyed a whole regiment of Saxon horse. The Allies in this action made prisoners of about one thou- sand men, and took thirteen pieces of cannon and three standards, with a loss on their part not exceeding two hundred men. During this attack Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick marched towards the Kratzberg, a very strong high ground which covers Cassel, and cannonaded the French lines, where Count Stainville was encamped with about ten thousand men. The latter, hearing of the defeat of the Saxons, quitted these lines to go to their assistance ; whereupon Prince Ferdinand got possession of them with- out any opposition. About the same time General Luckner made himself master of Fulda, which contained a quantity of baggage and provisions, and made the garrison prisoners of war. By these successes the Enemy's communications were cut off from Frankfurt and their other magazines. The division of the Allies upon the Lower Rhine, under the Hereditary Prince, was for some time considerably in- ferior in numbers to that of the Enemy. This enabled the French to harass the Prince, and to cut off his supplies ; therefore, soon after the battle of the 23d of July, Prince Ferdinand sent him reinforcements, which placed him on a footing with the French ; whereby they were obliged to give over their excursions. This Division of the Enemy received orders from Marshal Soubise to join him, in consequence of the affair of the 23d of July, for the pm'pose of endeav- ouring to open the communication with Frankfurt and their t RECORDS OF THE KING's OWN BORDERERS. 139 en- t other magazines, and it proceeded accordingly; but the Here- i^*^, ditary Prince, hanging upon the Marshal's flank, harassed him extremely during the whole of his march, and took a great deal of his baggage. The Prince of Cond^, having retired successively as far back as Friedbers:, to ioin the Marshals Soubise and The Prince . ofCondfi D'Etrees, abandoned even the heiarhts near that town, and abandons " ^ Friedberg. marched to Rodheim on the 29th of August, on which day the Hereditary Prince arrived at Wolfersheim. His High- ness ordered General Luckner forward on the 30th to those high grounds, while he proceeded with his main body to Assenheim. On L 3 march he was informed that a large body of the French were returning towards Friedberg ; and being anxious to get before them, instead of continuing his march to Assenhi im, he determined to support General Luckner ; not knowing that the Prince of Cond6 had been reinforced, though it afterwards appeared ti:at the Grand Army of France was at hand to support him. The Here- ditary Prince's Infantry attacked with the greatest bravery, and in a short time drove the French, who were posted upon the steep mountain Johannisberg, on to the plains below. Having there been considerably reinforced, the French renewed the attack with advantage, and obliged the Allies to repass the Wetter. In this retreat the Hereditaiy Prince, while rallying the troops, was wounded in the hip, but not dangerously. Prince Ferdinand, on hearing of the engagement, marched with a considerable part of his army, from his camp at Nidda, to support him, and arrived in time to prevent the French from pm'suing their advantage. The only British troops engaged were Major - general Elliott's Dragoons and the piquets under Lord F. Cavendish.^ ' 16th Light Dragoons. f 140 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. i7r>2. .'i i ' A redoubt on the bonks of the river Ohme is de- fended by the Allies. The Enemy attack ttio redoubt, but without effect. Th J bodies'of the killed arc piled upon the breast- work as a protection. The Enemy now reeolved to obtain possession of Amone- burg. With a view to this, in the night between the 20th and 2l8t of September, they took possession of the Brucker Miihl, raised a breastwork there, and a kind of trench to secure the entrance. They at the same time took posses- sion of a mill at the end of the bridge over the river Ohme, with an intent to cut off the communication of the Allies with Amoneburg. A redoubt on this side of the liver was defended by one hundred men of the Allies, whom the Enemy attacked, but without effect. Cannon was now planted to bear upon the redoubt, and the Allies also brought up some artillery, when a tremendous fire was opened, and kept up on both sides from break of day until dark at night, during which time nearly fifty pieces were in action. The troops in the redoubt were successively relieved, after having fired sixty rounds each. During th« day seven- teen complete battalions, in succession, were employed on this service ; and the troops, on coming up to and leaving the redoubt, were obliged to march about four hundred paces, exposed to the Enemy's cannon loaded with grape- shot. One thousand seven hundred of the Enemy's cannon- balls were afterwards taken up close to the redoubt, and it was considered the most obstinately contested aflfair that took place during the war ; and the bodies of the killed were piled upon the breastwork as a protection against the musketry. The heat of the foregoing desperate affair fell upon the Guards,' the Grenadiers, and the Highlanders ; all of which Regiments behaved with the greatest resolution and undaunted bravery throughout the day. ' In the original manuscript of the Records the Guards are designated as the Grenadiers, the First Regiment of Guards, the Coldstream Regiment, and the Third Regiment of Guards. The Grenadiers are called Eustace's and Maxwell's ; the Highlanders Keith's and Camphell's. RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 141 ipe- lon- idit that llled the fell all tion Is the the leU's; The Enemy's artillery continued to play upon Amone- ^ ^'^^^ ,g burg during the whole of the night of the 22d, whereby ^i'fli^tio^g they made a practicable breach in the fortifications ; where- burg?""* w liich stir* upon the garrison surrendered on the 23d of September, and remieraon the Enemy then pushed forward their right and posted a body between Amoneburg and Klienseelheim. After this, the contending armies lay inactive on each side of the river Ohme, without any effort on the part of the Enemy to open a communication with Cassel; where Prince F-" t^! \and had PrincePerdi- nantl of left a corps, under Prince Frederick of Brimswick, for the Jn™^^"^. investment of that place. ""'• On the IGth of October, the Allies having taken measures for covering the siege of Cassel, the trenches were opened, with a loss of about twenty men killed, and several woimded. The garrison made several unsuccessful sallies ; but on the 22d the Governor, General Diesbach, made a sally with the greater part of the garrison, and obliged the piquets to abandon the trenches; but Prince Frederick of Bnmswick at the head of four battalions, coming up quickly to their support, drove the Enemy back into the town before they had time to damage the works. The Governor, apprehend- ing a scarcity of provisions, turned more than one thousand families out of the garrison. The battering-cannon having been bi-ought up, the siege was carried on with vigour until the 31st of October, when a capitulation was entered into, and the city surrendered on a oapituu- . tion is eii- the 1st of November, when the garrison marched out with *?'■*'*»'» on ° the 3l8t of the honours of war and were permitted to join the French S^ec^ity bS"'^ • renders on armies. theistof In the mean time the siege of Ziegenhain was begun, "" but the commanders of both armies having received ad- vice that preliminaries of peace between the contending powers had been signed, hostilities ceased, and the Allies Hostilities 142 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 31 The Allies fall back from tho heights of Homburg. ■ 1 Major FTome of Tho Klin- burgh Regi- ment cn)88e8 the Fukia, with pi(incta of the Army. '■ 1 m Lord George Henry Len- nox is ap- pointed Co- lonel of The Edinburgh Regiment, vice Sir Henry Ers- kine. fell back from the heights of Hombiirg, where their main body had been encamped, into the Bishopric for winter- quarters. During this campaign Major Home of The Edinburgh Regiment was directed, with the piquets of the army to the number of about four hundred and sixty men to cross the Fulda and occupy a position in the face of the Enemy ; to effect which the men were obliged to link together to stem the cm-rent, which was rapid and breast high As soon as he had gained the opposite shore and reconnc itred the ground, he threw up such a breastwork as the time would admit before nightfall. But now the Enemy, per- ceiving him, sent a detachment of about two hundred in- fantry and fifty cavalry, who attacked him about ten o'clock at night; but this detachment he instantly repulsed. The following morning, at break of day, he was again attacked by about two thousand men, and after an hour's extremely hot fire, during which the Enemy came so close that their bayonets clashed with those of his men across the breast- work, he repulsed them with great slaughter.^ This de- tachment maintained its position until the division of the army to which it belonged crossed the river also. In this year swords, which had been generally left off in the battalion companies about the year 1745, but retained by the Grenadiers, were discontinued by them also. On the 29th of December 1762, Lord George Henry Lennox was appointed Colonel of The Edinbiu-gh Regi- ment, vice Sir Henry Erskine removed to Ist, or Royal Regiment. The Edinburgh Regiment went into Osnaburg on the 30th of November, and about the middle of December moved 7 ' Symes, in his MiHtai-y Guide, speaking of the above affair, says, ' This will remain a proof to posterity of what determined bravery can effect.' RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 143 sft lenry the loved 'his will t to Ochtrup ; where it remained until the end of February, owing to the intenseness of the frost. It then marched with the rest of the British troops into Holland, and em- barked at Willianistad, where they were detained by con- trary winds for three weeks. The Regiment then sailed for England, and lanced at Romney in Kent the first week in April, and fi-ora thence marched for Stamford, where it ar- rived on the 23d, and on the 27th was reduced to the establishment of uin*^ companies ; each consisting of one captain, one lieutenant, one ensign, three sergeants, tln-ee corporals, two drummers, and forty-five privates. On the 28th The Regiment commenced its mai'ch northward, and on its arrival at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, four companies Avei-e stationed there ; the remaining five proceeded to Berwick- upon-Tweed, where they were quartered. The colours of the Regiment, having been worn out from length of service, were buried with military honours on the 31st of May 1763, in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. They had been in use since the year 1743, when the Regiment went into Flanders, and were carried in the following general engagements : 1763. TheReffl- tnent sails for Englniid, and lanas at Romney. The colours of the Regi- ment, having been worn out, are buried with military honours. »> Battle of Fontenoy Culloden Eoucoux . . Val or Laffeklt Minden . . Warhurg Campen . . Fellinghausen Wilhelmsthal »> 11th May 1745 (n.s.). 16th April 1746 (n.b.). nth Oct. 1746 (N.8.). 2d July 1746 (n.s.). 1st Aug. 1759. 31st July 1760. 15th Oct. 1760. 15th & 16th July 1761. 24th June 1762. General en- gagements In which the colours had been borne. In the month of April 1763, Major R. Watson, from the 59th Regiment, purchased his promotion fi-om Lieutenant- colonel Goodericke. Promotion. . ;...jari.^.. ,w«,Atf»ifeiiLi^j^^aas,..aiMia sm 144 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 1768. TheRegi- tnont mar- ches in two divisions to Edinburgh. Det, the Kcgiment marched northward, and arrived choRnorth- / ... ward, and |g in Edinburgh Castle in the beginning of August, and relieved ahnbiiT^h" the West Lowland Fencibles, who had mutinied. ^'""•' \f'lA 148 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1782. The Duke of Buccleugh makes a pre- sent to tlio Regiment of the silver- headed cane used by hia runner. The Regi- ment moves southward. In 1781 the Regiment was reviewed by General the Honourable Mackay, Commander-in-chief in Scotland ; after v/hich the flank companies were sent to Dunbar, where a camp was formed under the command of Colonel the Duke of Buccleugh, from whence they retm-ned to Edinburgh Castle in the end of autumn. When running footmen were discontinued by the nobility, the Duke of Buccleugh made a present to The Edinburgh Re- giment, for the use of the Drum-major, of the silver-headed cane used by his runner as an emblem of office, which bore the Duke's arms fully engra^'^ed.'* In March 1782 the Regiment received orders to move to the city of Coventry, where it remained only a few weeks, and then was directed to proceed to Taunton, Bridgewater, and Wells ; but on its arrival at Gloucester, its destination was changed for Cirencester, Tetbury, and Malmesbury, where it remained until the f nd of June, when it was ordered to take the field on Southsea Common, and was there reviewed by Major-general Lord George Lennox, Co- lonel of the Regiment, who commanded the district ; and soon afterwards by Major-general Smith, second in command. The light company was detached to the Gosport side, where a camp was formed of the light companies of the seve- ral regiments in the district, with the IGth Light Dragoons, imder the command of Major-general Sir James Murray. In consequence of an intention on the part of the Govern- ment to nominate the different regiments of infantry of the Line after the several counties in England, for the purpose of promoting the recruiting service, the Duke of Richmond made application that The Edinburgh Regiment, of which * This oane was left in Parkhurst Ban-acks, Tale of Wight, by neglect of the Drum- major, when the Regiment marched from thence to Southampton, and en- camped near that place, iu 1709. " RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 149 his brother was Colonel, should take the appellation of Sus- sex, being the county wherein the Richmond family reside, which was granted accordingly ; and the commanding officer in cc isequence received an order from the Adjutant-general to that effect, dated 31st August 1782. But this change of designation was much against the wishes of Lord George Lennox, the Colonel of the corps, who, notwithstanding, never permitted the Scotch beats to be discontinued. On the 29th of August the 25th and 59th Regiments, destined for the relief of Gibraltar, embarked from South- sea beach on board Admiral Lord Howe's fleet, assembled at Spithead for that purpose. This fleet consisted of thirty- four ships of the line (one carrying fifty guns), with eight frigates and three fire-ships, besides thirty-one store-ships, ■with provisions and ammunition for the garrison. The 25th Regiment embarked on board the followmg men-of-war: one company on board the flag-ship the Victory, Admiral Lord Howe, and the remainder in the Alexander, Foudroyant, and the Buffalo. The fleet sailed on the 11th of September; but owing to contrary winds and stormy weather, it did not arrive off" Cape St. Vincent until the 9th of October, and on the 11th it entered the Straits, arriving off" Gibraltar Bay late in the evening of that day. Unfortunately only four of the store- ships kejit company with the fleet, and these availed them selves of this favourable opportunity of coming to anchor in Rosia Bay without molestation. On the evening of tlie 13th, the Enemy's fleet, at anchor in Algeciras Bay, put to sea to intercept the remainder of the store-ships ; and the wind blowing from the north-west, they bore down upon us in order of battle. Upon nearing us, they hauled their wind upon the larboard tack ; and on the morning of the 14th we found ourselves to the south- 1783. The tltlo of the Regi- ment is chanKod to Tlie Sunsex. The Regi- ment em- barks (or Gibraltar. The fleet, with the troops on board, sails on the nth of Septem- ber. The fleet r.rrivc oft Qibraltar Bay. 150 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 1782. TheRpgi- nient in en- cam)KK) on Winilmill- hill. The Minerva Btore-ship, having on board tho baggage, clothing, and women of tho Regi- ment, is talccn by the Spanish. The Enemy nialco a gene- ral attack both by sea and land upon Gll)ral- tar, which is unsuccessful. ward of the Enemy, when the wind shifted to tlie eastward, which gave an opportunity of passing into the Bay to such of the store-ships as had joined the fleet. On the night of the 18th, the rest of the store-ships, which had been ordered to rendezvous with the Buffalo in Tetuan Bay on the 13th, and which had received on board from the men-of-war the two regiments, likewise got into Rosia Bay, and landed the troops, stores, and ammunition, under a heavy fire from the Spanish gun-boats. The two regiments en- camped near Windmill-hill, on the southern extremity rf the Rock. On the night of the 13th, or morning of the 14th of Oc- tober, the Minerva store-ship, having on board the baggage of the officers, the clothing, and women of the 25th Regi- ment, was captured by the Enemy, and carried into Spain. The women were well treated l)y the Spaniards, and sent to Gibraltar upon the cessation of hostilities. The soldiers of the Regiment had clothing for this year made out of the sails of the St. Michael, a Spanish seven ty-foui", which drove under the guns of the garrison in a heavy gale of wind on the morning of the 11th, and was taken possession of; but the officers received only two-thirds of the regulated allowance for the loss of their baggage. Lord Howe, with the British Fleet, now took advantage of the easterly wind to repass the straits, followed by the Enemy. On the evening of the 20th an engagement took place between the two fleets, which was distinctly heard from the garrison of Gibraltar, and which tevriiinated in favour of the British, notwithstanding the superiority of the Enemy's force. In consequence of the total failure of a general attack, both by sea and land, made on the 13th of September by the combined forces of France and Spain, upon the garrison of Gibraltar, the Enemy's fire slackened considerably there- I 1 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 151 1 after, and the duties of the garrison became comparatively easy. In this attack the Enemy had ten floating batteries constructed for the purpose, which anchored within twelve hundred yards of the lines. These batteries mounted about one hundred and forty gxms ; nine of them were set on fire by the red-hot shot from the garrison, and blew up during the following day, and the tenth was set on fire by her crew. On the 20th of January 1783 the preliminaries of peace were signed between Great Britain and her enemies, France and Spain. On the 28th of the same month, the 25th Regi- ment was reviewed on Windmill-hill by General the Right Hon. George Augustus Elliott, the Governor of Gibraltar. The 25th Regiment (now The Sussex) lost, from the 12th of April 1781 to the 3d of February 1783, one rank and file killed ; one sergeant and eight rank and file wounded ; one rank and file died of wounds ; one sergeant and seven re- covered of wounds ; surgeon James Thompson and twelve rank and file died of sickness; two rank and file were dis- charged, while one deserted. On the 10th of January 1784 the Regiment was reduced to eight companies of fifty-one rank and file each ; and on the 11th of March was reviewed by General the Right Hon. Sir George Augustus Elliott, K.B., the Governor. In the month of February 1785 a farther reduction took place of six men per company; and on the 20th of May the Regiment was reviewed by His Excellency General the Right Hon. Sir George Augustus Elliott, K.B. On the 5th of April 1786 the following promotions took place, in consequence of the death of Brevet Lieut.-colonel Flint. The Major of the Regiment, Brevet Major Thomas Edgar, succeeded to the majority ; Captain-lieutenant H. A. Wright succeeded Edgar ; Lieutenant James Berry succeeded 1786. Prelim, ries of pi;iic<_' are signed between Great Bri- tain, France, and Spain. Casualties in the Uegi- ment from the 12tli of April 1781 to the 3d of February 1783. Promotions, 4 !■ 152 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 17SR. The Rogl. ment ia Wright ; Ensign George Cumine succeeded Berry ; and Wil- liam Elliott, gentleman, succeeded Cumine. On the 6th of May the Regiment was reviewed by Ilis Excellency General the Right Hon. Sir George Augustus ElHott, K.B. On the 27th of March 1787 the Regiment was again re- viewed by His Excellency. The King of Prussia having invaded Holland on the 13th of September 1787, at the head of an army of about twenty thousand men, in consequence of an indignity offered to his sister, the Princess of Orange, by the States-General, the British forces were augmented to a war-establishment, and a naval armament was fitted out. On this occasion the establishment of .the 25th Regiment was augmented, on the augmented. 25th of Octobcr, to tcu conipanics of fifty-nine rank and file each, with an additional sergeant and drummer per com- pany. About the end of November hostilities having ceased between the King of Prussia and the States of Holland, the British Army and Navy were soon afterwards placed upon the peace-establishment ; and on the 24th of December the 25th Regiment was reduced to two sergeants, one drummer, and forty rank and file per company ; but the two additional companies were continued. On the 2Gth of June Lieutenant George Smith pm'chased a company fi'om Captain Charles Smith ; Ensign John Dick- eon purchased the lieutenancy, and William Fullerton, gen- tleman, was appointed to the ensigncy. On the 26th of December Robert Ball, gentleman, was appointed Ensign, in room of Adam Davie resigned. On the 10th of January 1788 George Callender, gentle- man, was appointed Ensign; on the 23d Ascott Bickford, gentleman, was appointed Ensign ; and on the 24th Samuel The Regi- ment is ro duced, PromotlonB. if" RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 153 V. Hinde, gentleman, was appointed Ensign, in room of Molyneux, Owen, and Bnlteel, who sold out. On the 28th of May the Regiment was reviewed by Ma- jor-general Charles O'Hara. On the 2l8t of June 1789 Lieutenant Tomlinson Busby purchased a company from Captain William White ; Ensign Lindesay C. Campbell purchased the lieutenancy; and Robert Ross, gentleman, was appointed to the ensigncy on the Ist of August. During this year revolutionary symptoms were apparent in the city of Paris ; and on the 14th of July the populace assembled in a tumultuoiis manner there, and carried by assault the castle of the Bastille, which they demolished ; but the British forces were not augmented in consequence of this event. On the 2d of December the Regiment was again re- viewed by Major-general Charles O'Hara. On the 9th of December Rowland Duer, gentleman, was appointed Ensign, in room of Tisdale, removed to the Dra- goons. In 1788 a small British settlement having been estab- lished in Nootka Sound, and a fort erected there for its pro- tection, in order to obtain furs for the Chinese market, the Spaniards considered this an encroachment on their pre- sumed rights of sovereignty over that territory; and accord- ingly the following year they sent a frigate (the Princessa) of twenty-six guns there, which on her arrival reduced the fort, and captured two British merchantmen then trading on that coast. This circumstance having been communicated by the Spanish Ambassador on the 10th of February 1790 to the British Secretary for Foreign Affairs, and both nations persisting in their right to this settlement, preparations for a commencement of hostilities were made, and the British nao. Revolution- ary symp- toms are ap- parent In the city of Paris, Promotion. A dispute arises be- tween the Spanish and English as to a settlement in Nootka Sound. Prepara- tions are marte to commence hostiUtlea. 154 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1791. Tho Regi- ment is in- creased. Spain re- signs to ! Great Bri- j tain posses j gion of the f settlement j ' Nootka |i ^ Bound, i 1 P.' Army and Navy were augmented accordingly. On this oc- casion the estabhshment ofthe 25th Regiment was increased, on the 25th of June, by one sergeant, one drummer, and nineteen rank and file per company; besides two fifers to the Grenadiers. On the 18th of November Captain William St. Clair was appointed Major by brevet ; and on the 22d of December John Sabine, gentleman, was appointed Ensign in room of Elliott, vAio resigned. On the 22d of October, Spain having formally resigned to Great Britain possession of the settlement in Nootka seuiementof Souiid, and yielded up the stores and vessels captured at the reduction of the fort, the Army and Navy were soon after- wards placed upon the peace - establishment ; and, on the 24th of February 1791, the establishment of the Regiment was reduced to two sergeants, one drummer, and forty rank and file per company. Lieutenant John Stewart, having raised an independent company in the year 1790, Ensign William Fullertou was Promotions, promoted to the Lieutenancy on the 2d of February 1791, and Hamlet Wade, gentleman, was appointed Ensign in room of Fullerton, promoted. Captain George Prevost having been promoted to a Majority in the 60th Regiment, Lieutenant Thomas Basto Hewan was promoted to the com- pany on the same day. On the 29th of April the Regiment was reviewed by His Excellency Lieut. -general Sir Robert Boyd, K.B., the Lieutenant-govei'nor. On the 4th of May, Lieutenant Thomas N. Powlett was appointed to the Regiment in room of Molyneux ; and the following appointments took place to Ensigncies : James Lyon, gentleman, appointed on the 9th Augiist; Richard N. Ogle, 24th August; Barton Henry Hemings, 25th August; and George Vigoureux on the 16th November. Lieutenant .i ,t RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 155 John Cbamney was appointed Captain-lieutenant on the 28th "w. of December, in room of Sutherland, who retired. On tlie 4th of January 1792, Ensign Ascott Bickford was appointed Lieutenant in room of Charaney, promoted, and Kobert M. P. Wall, gentleman, was appointed to the En- signcy on the 8th of February. On the 4th of April, Samuel V. Hinde was appointed Lieutenant in room of Lane, who retired ; and Thomas Greasley, gentleman, was appointed Ensign in the room of Hinde, promoted. ! • "^ ?» I ■r 1792. The Regi- ment sails for Englaml, arrives, and disenibarlis atPlymoutli. Its estab- listiment is reduced. The esUb- lishmrnt is increa!..-y. On the 21 th of January 1704, the detachments of tho 25th Regiment reembarked on board the flecjt. which pro- ceeded to Port Ferrajo, in the iNland of I'^lba, wlicre t\\ey were removed on board transports; ard on tho 3d of February sailed with the expedition under the command of Major-general David Dundas, for the Island of ('orsica. Tiioautooh- 1 This Ofllncr beoamo Lieut -oolonol oommanding Uio llojj'meiit in tho year 18()3, and wiiR ilrowiuiil on inn way hiiuio friv5 town of St. Piorenzo . May 25d. Capture of ♦!if town r. ? Bastia Aug. 10th. Pert of a Detachment at the capture of the town of Calvi 179S. March 14th. Aution oft Capo Noli, in the Gulf of Genoa i Killed . Wouiiiled Mia^iing . Killed . •<, Wtiundcd (Mi.'ising . ( KilllHl . ■< Wounded ( Misiiiig . ( Killed ■< Wounded I Missing . fKilkil . ■< \Vi)unded (..Missing . ( Killeil . iMi.'M.ing. i;;ille(l . Wounded Missing . Killi-d . , Wdiindai (Missing . fKilled < Woundeil ( Missing . I Killed . ' Woundt>d I Missing . rKi;i.il . •< Wc'undeil ( Missing . ( Killed . -< Wuunded (.Missing , (■Killed . ■< Wounded (.Missing . £ 73 i . 4 8 io i 8 In returning to the occurrences of 1793, Captain S win- fen's independent company, conHisting of eighty -nine pri- vates, joined on the lOth; and on the 23d of Ap:-il Captain Thomas N. Powlett's, consisting of ninety-four privates, like- wise joined The Regiment, and were incorporated in the Corps, excepting the Officers, who were segooned upon or attached to The Regiment. Captain Povolett having jeen a Lieutenant in the Corps, Ensign Hamlet Wade was appointed Lieutenant in his room ; and Ensign James Alexander Far- I ill AmitmtiMMi.ii.tii-.i RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 163 quhareon, from the half-pay of the Slet Regiment, was ap- i'**"- pointed to the Ensigney, both on the 25th of April. On the 24th of April Major-general Rigby, Lient. -colonel Major-Ken. commanding The Regiment, died, in the fiftv-fourth year of ueut.-coi. his age, and was buried, with the military honours due to jI'k Th" •^ '' Regiment, his rank, in Stoke Church, near Plymouth. In consequence fiftj..'"ouMh of which the following exchange and promotions took place: Bgey""^'" Major the Hon. John Hope, from the Ist, or Royal Regiment, exchanged with Major Sawyer, and was promoted to Lieu- promotion*, tenant- colonel : Brevet-major William St. Clair, th'"^ senior Ca})tain, succeeded to the Majority ; Captain-lieutenant John V. Chamney succeeded to the Company ; Lieutenant and Adjutant John Ross to the Captain - lieutenancy ; Ensign James Lyon to the Lieutenancy ; and Keniy Hastings, gen- tleman, to the Ensigncy — all on the 2r)th of April this year. Samuel I^radstreet, gentleman, was appointed Ensign on the 15th of May, Frederick Gibbs on the KJtli of Maj , John Weir Johnston on the 17th of May, in room of Ogle, Tomkin- 8on, and Wall, promoted in independent companies. During the month of .Fune fifty-four men joined from the respective recruiting pnrties and Irish independent com- panies. In the month of July the following detachments era- geverai de- barked on marine service — namely. Lieutenant William Ful- .mbSr.n lerton and Ensign James Alexander Faiquharson, with the vice. light company, consisting of three sergeants, two drummers, and seventy-four rank-and-file, on board His Majesty's ship Marlborough of seventy -four guns, commanded by Captain the Honourable Berkelev, who iminediatelv joined the Chan- nel Fleet under Lord Howe, Lieutenant Lindsay C. Campbell and Lieutenant William I>aniel, with two sergeants, two ttitnnmers, and sixty-four rank-and-file, embarked on board His Majesty's shiT^'the Intrepid, of sixty-four guns. Captain 164 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1794. Fromotloni. iiii Theertftb- lishmont of The Regi- ment 18 in- creased. the Honourable C. Carpenter, who was employed in convoy- ing the trade in the British Channel. On the 29th of July John Harvey, gentleman, was ap- pointed Ensign in place of Richard Lewen Glyn. In Sep- tember Captain Thomas B. Hewan, Lieutenant James Lyon, and Ensign Samuel Bradstreet, with the Grenadier company, consisting of two sergeants, two drummers, and eighty rank- and-file, embarked for marine service on board His Majesty's ship Gibraltar, of eighty-four guns, commanded by Captain M'Kenzie, who immediately joined the Channel Fleet. On the 2d of October Sergeant John Reader, from the Guards, was appointed Quartermaster in place of Cook, in- valided; and on the IGth of October Henry Stamford, gentle- man, was appointed Ensign. On the 25th of November the companies were augmented by one sergeant and twenty -five rank-and-file, making the establishment of the Regiment forty-two sergeants, twenty- two drummers, and eight hundred and fifty rank-and-file. In the month of December this year Lieutenant Daniel was re- lieved on board the Intrepid by Ensign J. W. Johnston, for the purpose of enabling him to raise an independent com- pany. During this month Captain Hewan, from on board the Gibraltar, was appointed Regimental Paymaster; and Ensign Farquharson, fi-om the Max'lborough, was omoved to the Gibraltar, and Lieutenant Lyon, from the Gibraltar, to the Marlborough. On the 11th of January 1794 Lieutenant A. W. Light, from an independent company, was segooned upon The Regi- ment ; and in the month of March Lieutenant L. C. Camp- bell was relieved from on board the Intrepid by Lieutenant William Briggs. Lieutenant Robert M. P. Wall having raised an inde- pendent company. Ensign Farquharson was. on the 11th of f r^m ■f ^^i m !'--.-^ |1K. b^ RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 165 May, promoted to Lieutenant in his place; and John Ash, gentleman, was appointed to the Ensigncy on the 11th of June. Oi the 2d of May Lord Howe's Fleet sailed from St. Helens on a cruise ; and having stood in for the land off Brest on the 19th, the Admiral received intelligence that the French Fleet had put to sea ; whereupon he went in pui'suit of them, and a few days afterwards fell in with the New- foundland trade, to the number of seventy sail, all of which ■had been captured by the Enemy, and were guarded by a line-of-battle ship and two corvettes. The two corvettes and the convoy were immediately taken possession of and burnt ; but the line-of-battle ship, to which the whole British Fleet gave chase, got away by superior sailing. The prisoners taken in the corvettes and merchantmen having given in- formation respecting the French Fleet, the British Admiral altered his course ; and about seven o'clock on Wednesday morning the 28th of May, the weather being hazy and cold, with a stiff breeze, two or three sail were discovered directly to windward. About eight o'clock more were seen ; and in a quarter of an hour n^terwards the looking-out frigates, and the flying squadron i advance guard of the British Fleet, made a signal that the hips to windward were men-of-war, and soon afterwards that they were the Enemy's ships. Whereupon the British Fleet, consisting of twenty-six ships of the line, cleared for action, and the signal Avas made to make all sail, when the British hauled close to the wind upon the Enemy. In the mean time, the Enemy's Fleet, con- sisting of twenty-seven ships, of which three were three- deckers (the remainder being eighties upon two decks, L,nd seventy-fours), formed line, and hauled to the wind upon the starboard tack. Upon the van, or leading ship, coming near the Enemy's eternmost ship (a three-decker), she tacked and stood on 1794. Two oor- vottea and a convoy are taken pos- seRsion of, but a line-of- battlo ship escapes. The Enemy's ships appear in si^iht, and tlie Britlah shipa clear for action. 166 RECORDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. I7tf4. The Au- 1ttciou8, a Bcventy- foiir, attacks a Frcncli threc- deoker. Victory do Clares for tho Audacious. parallel to the French Fleet ; and the rest followed in suc- cession, opening their fire as they came up, and passing on towards the Enemy's van. When the Audacious, of seventy- four guns, came up with the sternmost of the Enemy (a three- decker), she very gallantly ran alongside of her and brought her to action, though contrary to orders. The fire was very brisk on both sides for nearly two hours, when night came on, and the Enemy's fire began to slacken. An explosion took place in his poop; his trysail and mizen-topsail took fire, and his mizen-raast fell overboard ; whereupon we con- cluded victory had declared for the Audacious. In the evening the wind increased, the sea ran high, the firing ceased, and both fleets stood on under easy sail pa- rallel to each other. They resembled a long street lighted on both sides ; for every British ship carried a light, the Ad- mirals' two each ; but the ships of the French Admirals only carried lights. Next morning the wind moderated, but the sea was rough. The British having fallen a little to leeward during the night, which was dark and dreary, tacked in succession, commencing with the leading ship, with the view of cutting through the Enemy's fleet. To this end signal was made, and we succeeded in gallant style, notwithstand- ing the Enemy wore to cut off the leading ships as they advanced. It was well on in the afternoon when this was accomplished after several tacks ; and as tho Enemy appeared to be running away, the signal was made by the British Admiral for a general chase. This threw his fleet into some disorder ; in the mean time the van of tho Enemy wore and hauled upon the starboard tack : this induced the British Commander to call in his ships ahead, and to wear also. He was now well to windward; and as many of his ships had Buifered severely, he took the opportunity to shift his sails and adjust his rigging, although a partial fire was kept up by ^ RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 167 17U4. • the Enemy, who again wore, compelling the British to do the same. Both fleets now hauled to the wind upon the larboard tack, and continued under easy sail all that night, during which the wind increased to a gale. This lasted through the whole of the 30th and Slst of May, and the weather was so very hazy, that the fleets only caught occasional glimpset of each other. The men were kept constantly at their guns. On Sunday morning, the 1st of June, the haze cleared away, when the Enemy were discovered so far to leeward J^^^J^l'^""^ that their lower-deck ports were scarcely visible. The wind Ji^ew^d.*** began to abate, and the British iVdmiral made the signal, ' Are you ready to renew the action f to which every ship ans- wered in the affirmative. As the fleets lost a ship each by the Audacious having cut off, on the 28th of May, the rear ship of the Enemy, the British were now twenty-five and the French twenty -six ships of the line. About half- past JO'j'^Bntish seven o'clock the signal was made to bear down upon the "'*" ****"** Enemy, and a little before eight the signal was made to take breakfast. The wind became moderate, the weather fine, but the sea was still high. The difl'ert.ut Admirals had up the small flags carried in bad weather, indicative of their respecMve ranks, when a surmise took place among the officers of the ship to which the writer belonged, some of whom had been in Lord Rodney's engagement on the 12th of April 1782, that these would be continued during the ap- proaching engagement; when Lord Howe, tlie British com- mander, almost immediately hauled down his little flag, and displayed the union flag of Great Britain. This had the most cheering and majestic appearance under existing circum- stances. All the other Admirals instantly struck their foul- weather flags, and hoisted those of the largest dimensions ; besides this, every ship had a British ensign of the largest size at her raizen-peak, red, white, or blue, according to the >;U 1794. The French wait under easy sail. 168 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. The British Admiral gets his ship under the stern of the French Ad- miral's ship, when ho throws in a broadside. division to which she belonged ; the whole having a most magnificent appearance, which must have been very appal- ling to the Enemy. The French waited under easy sail, some of their ships occasionally with their sails to the masts ; their colours, which wei*e then a pure white flag with a tricolored border of red, white, and blue, looked remarkably well, and at a distance resembled very much, to a casual observer, our squadron of the White. The French commander (in imitation of the British Admiral) placed a very large flag at his mainmast head ; but the French ensigns, being suspended from flag- staves placed at the stern of their ships, had not the same imposing appearance as those of the British from the mizen- peak, though their ships of every class were much larger, and had a tremendous aspect. After breakfast the British Admiral made the signal for each ship to pass to leeward of her opponent, unless she found it more convenient to engage to windward. At nine o'clock the van of the French Fleet opened fire upon the British van; and in about five minutes afterwards two or three of the British ships hauled to the »vind and returned the fire, when their Admiral made the signal to engage closer. About a quarter past nine the rear of the French fired on the British rear, which quickly replied. At twenty minutes past nine the centre of the French opened its fire ; but the British Admiral did not return a shot until he got the broadside of his ship, the Queen Charlotte, under the stern of his opponent the French Admiral, when he threw in so hot a fire, that after the engagement we were informed he killed and wounded about thrci hundred men. He now ran up abreast of her (the Montague), and continued the ac- tion with spirit ; the Frenchman, however, returned his fire very faintly. Unfortunately, the second ship astern of the \ RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 169 ) French Admiral was the only one of hiw line without a Brit- "»*• IbIi opponent ; therefore she attacked the British commander also, and shot away his fore and main topmasts, whereby the French Admiral drew ahead. From the time the British commander opened his fire, ^^^y"* the heat of the action lasted but three quarters of an hour, '"***• when the French Admiral, having shot ahead, bore away with a signal flying, having apparently suffered nothing in his rigging. About this time, the three masts of a French three-decker fell overboard together, and fourteen or fifteen dismasted ships appeared in difierent parts of the line with- out colom-s, so that it was impossible to tell whether they were friends or foes. On this occasion the writer of this narrative heard a sea- viotoi7 de- Clares lor tne man exclaim, ' We have lost the day 1' Whereupon he looked ^""«•'■ around, and having mistaken the British squadron of the White for the Enemy's ships (which he presumed the sailor did also), he was for an instant of the same opinion ; when, to his surprise and joy, the squadron almost immediately hauled down their white flags and hoisted the blue ensigns, by -which it was evident the victory was for the British. About ten o'clock, every French ship which was in condition to do so crowded all sail and followed their Ad- miral ; and the British Fleet, being much dispersed and crip- pled, four or five French ships got away totally dismasted, by means of their spritsails and some small sails hoisted on the stumps of their foremasts, leaving in possession of the British seven ships dismasted, one of which sank soon afte. wards. It was also said that an eighty-gun ship went down during the action, and that every person on board perished. Of the British Fleet, three were totally dismasted — the Three of the Queen, the Marlborough, and the Defence ; of the French, are totally " dlsniaated ; eleven or twelve. Shortly after the Enemy began to run, the °^ *^« IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 iff I.I "iiM m m 111112,2 IIIU m 12.0 1.8 1.25 1.4 1.6 -• 6" — ► V2 i9 /} % ^;. <^My ^^^ > / y /A Photographic Sciences Corporation #^ <*, 145 ,, [perished. Le Jacobii), 80 „ said to have sunk in action, every man L'AchiUe, 74 „ 32 >> 30 wounded. Northumberland .74 „ 60 >» 100 L'lmp^tueux, 74 „ 100 >> 76 „ L'Am^rique, 74 „ 134 )) 110 „ Le Vengeur, 74 „ sunk after action; 320 killed or drowned. ^ I RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 171 J Tke following is the official detail of Killed and Wounded in Lord Howe's Engagement with the French Fleet on the 1st of June 1794: 1794. ADMIRALS, CAPTAINS, AND SHIPS. Complement in each Ship. Quus. Van Squadron, Admiral Oraves. Captain Molloy, CiEsar , . Rear-admiral Paisley, 1 t,„,i.,™„t,„v. Captain W. Hope, | Bellerophon Captain Lord H. Seymour, Leviathan, Detach ment of 69tU Regiment Captain Payne, Russell Captain Hon. (J, Berkeley, Marlborough, 25th Regiment Admiral Oraves, 1 r>«,.„i c!„„~_-,s Captain NichoUs, | ^^^^ Sovereign . Captain Gambier, Defence , . . Rear-admiral Caldwell, ) t™„- \ i„ Captain Westoott, ' j Impugnable . Captain Westoott, Tremendous Captain Hon. F. Fockenham, Invincible Centre Squadron, Lord Howt. Captain Schomberg, CuUoden .... Rear-admiral Bower, 1 t> ..a Captain Oollingwood, /"Mneur . Captain M'Keiizie, Gibraltar, Detachment of 25th Regiment Admiral Lord Howe, 1 Queen Charlotte 1st Captain, Sir R. Curtis, \ Detachment 2d do.. Sir A. Douglas,) (2d Queen's) . Capt. Harvey, Brunswick, Detach. 29ch Reg. . Captain Pringle, Valiant Captain Sir J. Duckworth, Orion Rear-admiral Gardner, Captain Hutt, S Queen Rear Squadron, Sir A. Hood. Captain H. Harvey, Ramillies, Detachment of 29th Regiment Captain Bazeley, Alfred, do. Admiral Sir A. Hood, KB., \ „,„,„, «,„,.„„ Captain Domett, | Royal Goorge . Captain Montague, Montague . • . . Captain C. Cotton, Majestic Captain J. Elphinston, Glory, Detachment of 29th Regiment Captain Bertie, Thunderer, do. . Total 80 74 74 74 74 100 74 98 74 74 74 »8 80 100 74 74 74 08 74 74 100 74 74 98 98 2036 Men. Casualties in Action. KiUed. 700 615 600 600 600 875 600 765 600 600 600 765 700 900 000 600 600 765 600 600 876 600 600 750 750 16,710 18 9 10 7 24 11 14 7 2 9 2 8 1 13 32 1 5 30 18 4 3 13 243 Wounded. 1 1 12 1 31 44 37 20 32 24 76 39 29 24 6 21 5 22 10 12 94 5 20 57 13 4 667 1 2 14 5 10 2 10 20 4 4 10 108 56 31 43 34 119 68 57 31 11 45 7 34 14 26 158 11 29 103 62 1052 Killed and Wounded on board His Britannic Majesty's ship Audacious, of 74 guns, In action with the French ship La Rfevolutionnaire, of liO guns, on the 28th May 1794 ; Killed 3 Wounded 19 Total 22 N.B. The Audaoious hod a detachment of the 69lh Regiment oh Marines on board. J^L*&^ 172 RECCRDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1794. Casualties in the Detachment of The 25th Regiment on this occasion. CASUALTIES OF THE 25rH REGIMENT. Sergt. Drum- mer. Rank and File. On board His Mujesty's ship Marlborough, of 74 guns | ^"^(jed On board His Majesty's ship Gibraltar, of 80 guns . • ^o„nde(i Total 1 4 14 1 2 1 .. 21 fl' List of the French Line of Battle in the Action of \st June 1794. DIVISIONS, SQUADRONS, SHIPS. Van Squadron, undfr the Commandtr in the Second Post. L'Amfirlque Lb Sans Pareil .... Le Qasperin Le Trajan .... Le Terrible .... L'Impdtueux .... Le Mutuis Sccevola . ■ . L'Eole .... Le Tourville .... Centre Squadron, under the Com- mander-in-chief. Le Pelletier .... Le Tyrannicide .... Le Patriots .... Le Juste La Montague .... Le Jacobin .... L'Aohillo Le Vengeur .... Le Northumberland . J{ear Squadron, under the Com- mander in the Third Pott. L'Entreprenant Le Neptune Le Gemappe Le Mont Blano Le Convention Le K(ipubliaaD Le Soipion Le T^m^alre Total Complement in each Ship. Sections. Guna SECOND. { FlKST. M. Bouvet, Com- f mar.der in the-< Second Post . (. TUIBD. \ Second. { First. Vice-admiral Vil- laret - Joyeusc, . Commandor-in chief . . . TniBD. SECOND. Rear • admiral Reilly, Com- mander In the Third Post . THIRD. 74 80 74 74 120 74 74 74 74 74 74 74 80 120 80 74 74 74 74 74 74 74 74 120 74 74 Men. Casualties In the Captured Ships. )3 2080 700 800 700 700 1000 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 800 1100 800 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 1000 700 700 19,600 134 260 100 100 32 320 60 1006 S I 100 120 75 244 380 175 Uli 80 drowned 100 570 1686 245 62 320 160 In consequence of this engagement a promotion took '.J RECORDS OF THE KINO's OWN BORDERERS. 173 4 14 1 2 21 244 380 176 245 62 li)20 160 1686 place in the Navy, of captains to be flag-officers. The first- lieutenants of such ships as had their captains killed or wounded in the action were promoted to post-captain, and the fii'st-lieutenant of every other line-of-battle ship was made a commander. In the month of June, Lieutenant William Briggs and Ensign John W. Johnston, with two sergeants, two drum- mers, and sixty-four ranL-and-file, were removed from the Intrepid to the Stately, of sixty-four guns. On the 25th of June, eighty-five men joined The Regiment in Plymouth Lines, from the Irish independent companies. On the 6th of July, Thomas Scott was appointed surgeon's-mate, in the room of David Fleming promoted. On the 25th of Septem- ber The Regiment was augmented to twelve companies of one Himdred rank-and-file each, making the establishment fifty sergeants, twenty-six drummers, and one thousand two hundred rank-and-file. In consequence of this augmenta- tion Captain Henry A. Wright was appointed Second-major, having raised his proportion of the men. About this time, surgeon's-mate Charles Lewis Parker was appointed surgeon, in place of Fleming, promoted to the staff. On the 12th of October, Major William St. Clair was pro- moted Lieutenant-colonel in consequence of the 'lagmenta- tion; and on the 6th of October, Lieutenant P'ul] :rton was promoted by purchase, vice Captain Williamson V; ^ retired; and Ensign Henry Hastings succeeded to 'he Lieutenancy ; Lieutenant Callender succeeded, by purchase, Captain-lieu- tenant John Ross, and Ensign Bradstreet succeeded Lieu- tenant Callender ; on the 18th, Lieutenant Peter Kettle was appointed to The Regiment from an independent company. On the 25th, two hundred and one men joined from the Gist Regiment, as a draft to be embodied in The 25th. In consequence of a squadron of French frigates having 1794. A detaoh- nient joins The Regi- ment from the Irish In- dependent Companies. The Regi- ment is aug- mented. Promotions. A draft of one hundred men from the 91st joins The Regiment. HI 174 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1795, I! A detach- mcii' of The Regiment is removed from the Oibraltw to the Reunion. The Re- union, (lur- ing this oniiso, is driven off the Ntt7,o of Norway. The detach, ment ro- joiuH the Oibniltiir at Bpithcod, been seen cruising in the North Sea, Rear-admiral Harvey in the Leopard, of fifty guns, with five frigates, was ordered in search of them in the beginning of November ; whereupon Lieutenant Farquharson, with one sergeant, one drummer, and thirty-six rank-and-file was removed from the Gibraltar on board the Reunion frigate. Captain Alms; a crazy I'lench prize fitted out in a hurry, and sent from Spithead as one of this squadron on the 2d November. Having arrived in the Downs, she took on board two pilots, and sailed to join the squadron which she soon afterwards fell in Avith off the coast of Norfolk, and the whole proceeded in search of the Enemy, with a favourable and moderate breeze from the westward, which lasted but a few days, when a fiu'ious gale sprang up from the south-west. This continued without intermission for about six weeks, and dispersed the British squadron, without its having effected anything to the piu'pose. Some of the ships took shelter in Yarmouth Roads, some in Leith Roads, and some in the Firth of Cromarty. The Reunion during this cruise was driven off the Naze of Norway, which was clear in sight for seven days, upon which occasion she sprang hci foremast, and carried away her foreyard, maintopmast, and topsail-yard. When the gale abated she got into the Firth of Cromarty, in this crippled state, on the 9th of De- cember: here she found the Vestal frigate, Captain New- combe, one of the squadron. On the 29th of December the two frigates proceeded from thence, by an order from the Admiralty, to Sheerness, where they arrived on the 5th January 1795, when the detachment of The 25th Regiment was removed to the Jason frigate. Captain Stirling, for the purpose of being conveyed back to Spithead to rejoin the Gibraltar. The frost, however, was so intense, and the river thereby so much covered with ice, that no ship could leave it for fourteen days. ^ RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 175 '■ ^ In the beginning of February the Jason sailed from Sheer- ness for Spithead, where she arrived in a few days after- wards, when the detachment was removed to the Gibraltar. In consequence of th.e Corps of Marines having been con- siderably recruited, they were ordered to relieve the detach- ments of the Line doing duty in the aiannel Fleet; and accordingly, that of The 2r)th Regiment, on board the Gibral- tar, was removed to the Bonetta sloop-of-war. Captain We- myss, on the 2d of April. The Bonetta immediately pro- ceeded to Plymouth Dock, wh^rfi she arrived on the 5th of same month, and disembarked tlu) detachment, which joined a second battalion that had been formed on the 25th of February of this year. But to return to The Regiment, which was stationed in Plymouth Lines in the end of 1791. On the 11th of Decem- ber it received a draft of seventy-five men from several corps; and on the 30th of the same month another draft, consisting of fifty-eight men, from diiferent regiments of the' Line and independent companies. On the 18th of December, Captain - lieutenant George Callender was promoted to a company. Lieutenant John Dickson succeeded to the Captain -lieutenancy on the 19th, and Ensign Henry Holditch was promoted tJ the Lieuten- ancy. The detachments on board the Monarch and Marlborough having been relieved by Marines, were disembarked at Ply^ mouth Dock in course of this month; whereupon they joined The Regiment. The Monarch had been employed princip- ally on convoy service. * On the 29th of December ten companies of The Regiment under the command of Lieutenant -colonel the Hon. John Hope, consisting of six hundred rank-and-file, embarked from Mutton Cove, close to the dockyard, on board three 17f)5. The corps of Marines are increased, and the de- tachments of the lino are relieved from ship duty. A second bat- talion is raised. Promotions, Tlie Regi- ment em- barks for foreign ser- vice. 176 RECORDS OF THE KINQ'S OWN BORDERERS. I: ii III! 1T98. transports for foreign service. A d^pot, consisting of the 11th and 12th Companies, under the orders of Lieutenant- colonel St. Clair, was left behind in England. The transports, however, remained wind-bound until the 9th of February. In the mean time a draft of sixty -eight men joined The Regiment from Colonel Padmore's and other corps. Lu of offl- The folloioing are the names of the Officers of The 25th (or The Sussex) *^ " Regiment, taken from an Army- List for 1794 : Rank in tlio Bank. Name. Colonel Lord Geo, Hen. Lennox, Lieut.-Col. Hon. John Hope, Major "William St. Clair, Captain John "WilUamson „ H. Addison Wright, „ George Smith, „ Tomlinson Busby „ Thomas Bastow Hewan, „ John Chamney, „ John Stewart, Capt.-lieut. and Capt. John Ross, Lieut. John Dickson, „ Lind Craw-Campbell, „ WiUiara Fullerton, „ G«orge Callender, „ Ascott Bickford, „ Sam. Venables Hinde, „ Ha\iland Smith, „ John Sabine, „ Hamlet Wade, „ James Lyon, „ R. Martin Popham Wall, Ensign Breeston H. Homing, „ George Vigoureux, Regiment. Dec. 29, 1762. Apr. 26, 1793. Apr. 26, 1793. May 31, 1780. June 20, 1783. June 20, 1787. June 21, 1789. Apr. 20, 1791. Dec. 28,1 79L Feb. 20,1793. Apr. 26, 1793. June 20, 1787. June 21, 1789, Feb. 2, 1791. Apr. 20, 1791. Jan. 4, 1792. Mar. 28, 1792. June 13, 1792. June 20, 1792. Apr. 25, 1793. Apr. 26, 1793. July 10, 1793. Aug. 25, 1791. Nov. 16, 1791. Army. Gen. Oct. 12, 1793. „ Nov. 18, 1790. Jan. 24, 1791. Jan. 24, 1791. I Df the mant- ports, 'uaiy. I The Sussex) i yi 1793. ,1790. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 177 List of the Officers of The 25th (or The Sussex) Regiment (continued). Hank In tho Name. 1794. ^''- «'^«- ileglmont. Ensign Jas. Alex. Farquharson, Apr. 25, 1793 Henry Hastings, Samuel Bradstreet, Frederick Gibbs, John Weir Johnston, Henry Stanford, Chaplam, William WilHams, Adiutant, Jolxn Eoss, Quartermaster, John lieader, Surgeon, William Fleming, Apr. 26, 1793. May 15, 1793. May 16, 1793. May 17, 1793. Oct. 16,1793. July 1,1791. Nov. 12, 1779. Oct. 2, 1793. Jan. 31, 1783. Agent, Mr. Adair, Pali-Mall Court, PaU-Mall. 4 1791. Army. Mar. 25, 1783. 1791. N 1 I Si ' ■ \ & i CHAPTER XII. ; 1798, T>ic trims- ports, with the 25tli Regiment, sail for the West ludiea. The Begi- ment takes post at Mount rica- sant. The light company is po?to(l at St. John's, where it is attacked by tlie Bri- gands. Fedon, the Brigand leader, puts tc deatli Go- vernor Homo. On the Jtli of February 1795 the transports in which The Regiment was embarked sailed, with many other vessels, under convoy of the Channel Fleet, without knowing their destination until they reached Cape Finisten'e. Here the orders were unsealed, and The Regiment was sent to the West Indies. It arrived in Carlisle Bay, Barbadoes, on the 26th of March ; the sick were here landed, and the transports proceeded on the 30th for Grenada, where they arrived on the Ist of April, and landed The Regiment at the town of Guoyave, from whence it proceeded on the 2d to Mount Pleasant, where it took post. Captain Hewan, with the Light Company, was posted at St. John's, where he was attacked by the Brigands on the night of the 3d, when the Captain and two men were killed and several wounded ; but the Enemy were repulsed. Major Wright took post at the Observatory. On the 8th of April Colonel Campbell, of the 29th Regi- ment, having collected all the disposable forces in the island, consisting of the 25th and 29th Regiments, detachments of the 58th and 68th Regiments, with part of the crews of a fi'igate, and of the transports commanded by a captain of the Navy, attacked the principal post of the Enemy, called Mount Quaca, without success. Whereupon Fedon, the Brigand leader, put to death, in presence of his wife and daughter, on that afternoon Governor Home and forty-seven white in- habitants (prisoners in their camp), who were shot in detail *> i RECORDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. 179 br, on ie iu- letail i by word of command from himself; saving only Dr. Hay, Mr. M'Mahon, a clergyman, and a Mr. Kerr. The loss on our part in the action was sixty-seven killed ; but the Brigands suffered severely, and Fedon's brother (Jean Pierre) was among the number killed. In the month of June a nimierous body of the insurgents, with a field-piece, attacked Major Wright's position at the Observatory; he repulsed them, and took the gun. Soon afterwards a reinforcement arrived in the island ; whereupon Major-general Nichols, who commanded the troops, advanced from St. George's to attack Pilot Hill, which was in posses- sion of the Enei .. ■ At the same time Major Wright received Oi'ders to cooperate from the Observatory ; whereby the Enemy were induced to evacuate the post, which was taken possessio:-; of, and placed under the orders of Major Wright, with a garrison consisting of two captains, two subalterns, and 'vbout fifty rank and file of The 25th Regiment; with two hundred and fifty slaves, denominated the Loyal Black Rangers. After this General Nichols returned to St. George's, the capital of the island. The post of Pilot Hill was now fortified by the garrison in the best manner circumstances would permit, by casting a ditch, throwing up a breast-work, and erecting a sort of blockhouse. The ganison was not much molested until the 18th of December, when it was surrounded by a numerous body of the insurgen ;8, who, having several pieces of ordnance, be- sieged the post for twelve days, but without enrlangering its safety. The Major now caused a sortie to je made, assisted by a fire from the Meraiaid frigate, when two of the Enemy's guns were taken. During the attack the garrison lost eight men killed, and seventeen were wounded, four of whom died. nn."). Major Wright's i)o- Hition in at- tacked. The Enfmy nliaiulou th. post. The post of Pilot Hill is fortifiod by the garrison, which makes a sortie. Two of the Enemy's guns are taken, 180 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 179B. Cwuoltius. The Brig- ands retreat. Pl H At tliis period The Regiment was reduced by fever, dis- ease, and the sword, to 1 lieutenant-colonel, 1 major, 3 captains, 2 lieutenants, 1 surgeon's mate, 14 sergeants, 3 drummers, and 109 rank-and-file. 67 rank-and-file died in the month of August, 99 in September, and 93 in October. Lieutenant-colonel the Hon. John Hopo having obtained leave of absence for the recovery of his health, the command of The Regiment devolved on Major Wright. The Brigands, having sustained considerable loss in the affair before mentioned, retreated to a hill which commanded an adjacent port (Marquis), where they entrenched them- selves, and fortified their position, by this means blockading the post of Pilot Hill. On the night of the 19th of February 179G, two boats, They take a manned by armed Brigands, attacked an armed sloop in the ' harbour of La Bay, under Pilot Hill. The crew being asleep, she was taken with little opposition, and towed out, notwith- standing several shots were fired at her from the hill. The sloop thu& captured was taken into the port of Marquis, and by this means the Brigands became possessed of four car- riage-guns, two of them doubly fortified, and several swivels, and a considerable quantity of ammunition. On the 19th an express was sent by a canoe to the post of Sauteur, with the intelligence that the provisions, water, and ammunition in the garrison were greatly reduced, and estimated to last only fourteen days (except the ammunition, which could not last so long). This despatch was fowarded to General Nichols and to Captain Otway of the Mermaid, then at Cariovacou, a small island near Grenada. In the mean time the Brigands, now possessed of a train Andposttwo of artillery, rot two guns to Telescope Point, which com- guna which ./ «_> «j x 7 thrcntrancc '^^^'^ded the entrance and harbour of La Bay, and could bear toLftBay. ^pQ^ i\^q blockhousc upou Pilot Hill, and another gun Avas i 4 RECORDS OP THE KING's OWN BORDERERS. 181 179fl. Another (jun ram !om- bear was i placed by them on Capuchin's Hill. With these, and five other guns, they commenced a fresh attack on the 20th. l*,em o*i^ ^^ which they continued with considerable effect. One of their im"" shot unfortunately struck the muzzle of the principal gun in the garrison, whereby a piece was broken off; necessity, however, required the fire to be continued from that gun, which, fortunately, was ascertained to be sound notwith- standing. On the 22d the Mermaid frigate arrived, end attempted to silence the Enemy's ordnance, and to throw a supply of provisions and ammunition into the garrison ; but one of the boats was sunk by the Enemy in attempting to land, and the others returned with difficulty. A detachment of forty men, sent from the blockhouse to protect the landing of boats, was vigorously attacked by prodigious numbers of Brigands, concealed among the bushes under the hill and in the lower town, so that they were obliged to retreat, closely pursued by the Enemy, who attempted to enter the block- house along with them, but they were repulsed, and mowed down in numbers by grape-shot and the well-directed fire of musketry from the garrison. On this occasion the garrison lost ten of its men killed, while seventeen were wounded. The Brigands in their precipitate retreat set fire to the The Brig- anda set firo barracks and hospital near the fort, whereby many of our to the^bai-"^ men were burned to death, but the number of the sufferers the hospital. was never accurately ascex'tained. Surgeon Fergiisson and casualties. Ensign Grounder of the Black Corps were among the killed in this affair. On the 23d the Mermaid sailed for St. George's, the head- quarters of the island, where Captain Otway consulted with the General commanding on the most effectual means of relieving Pilot Hill, which he considered in imminent danger. He returned with His Majesty's ship on the following day to 182 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1796. Biigadier- gen. Ciimp- bcU marches to theroliof of niot Hill. The prarriftnii cuts its way through the Enemy. his station oft' La Bay ; and in consequence of this consulta- tion, Brigadier-general Campbell, Lieut.-colonel of the 29th Regiment, at nine o'clock on the night of the 25th marched from head-quarters for the relief of the post with thirty-four of the 17th Light Dragoons, thirty-seven of the Volunteer Cavalry, all mounted, and two companies of the Black Ran- gers. With these ho arrived early next morning in view of the Enemy, and drew them up upon a hill in sight of their camp, which lay between him and Pilot Hill. Tliis show of relief put the garrison in great spirits ; they opened a heavy fire of shot and shell upon the besiegers, who sent a detach- ment to the foot of the hill upon which General Campbell had taken post, with the view of inducing him to descend for the purpose of attacking them. The General, however, after having reconnoitred the Enemy's camp, considered +hem too powerful, and commenced a retreat, to the great mortification and disappointment of the garrison, without having fired a shot. The garrison of Pilot Hill seeing no possibility of being succoured or relieved, and their provisions and ammunition being nearly expended, and even the very stagnant water in the ditch consumed. Major Wright resolved to force his way through the Enemy's lines, and effect a retreat ; for the Brigands gave no quarter. In pursuance of this resolution, about nine o'clock on Monday night, the 29th of February, Major Wright put the garrison inider arms, to the number of about three hundred men. He then loaded the cannon, and fixed slow matches of such a length as to take effect at the usual intervals between firing. This completely answered the purpose of deceiving the Enemy; and the garrison passed the Enemy's pickets and sentinels unperceived, and arrived before day- light near the post of Sauteur, commanded by Major O'Meara RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 183 day- I i of the 68th Regiment, to whom Major Wright sent an officer and a few men to apprise him of their approach. On being jcmed by Major Wright, Major O'Meara, in obedience to orders received from General Nichols, immediately prepared to evacuate the post by destroying the ordnance, &c. ; and he embarked his men without molestation before sunset on board the Favourite sloop-of-war, the Sally transport, and several smaller vessels, which sailed the same evening, and arrived off St. George's on the 2d of March, where they landed, and joined the garrison on Richmond Hill ; when the following address was presented, signed by the President and Council, and by one hundred and sixty of the principal inhabitants : ' Grenada, 2 J Elaroh 1796. ' Tlie Inhabitants of this island congratulate Major Wright of The 25th Regiment, and liis gallant little garrison of Pilot Hill, on their safe arrival in St. George's ; and assure him that it was with the most lively sensations of joy they beheld the landing of a handful of bravo men, whom a few liours before they had considered as devoted to the relentless cruelty of a savage end ferocious Enemy ; and Impressed with a high sense of their meritorious exertions in defence of that post, and the well-conducted retreat, upon the evacuation of it, under the most desperate circumstances, request his and their acceptance of this tribute of their approbation and thanks, so justly due to such bravery and conduct.' The following is a copy of the sentiments of General Leigh, Commander-in-chief of His Majesty's land forces in the Windward and Leeward Islands, respecting the conduct of Major Wright, 25th Regiment, and the garrison of Pilot Hill: •Richmond Hill, Grenada, 13tli March 1796. * The Commander-in-chief* has been pleased to signify to Ikiga- ' At this time every General. Officer having the chief command upon a foreign station was styled the Commander -in'chicf. 1796. An oililrcss Is presented, siifmil by the Prcsi- deiit, Coun- cil, and in- babitantd. Address. General order. ■■"•"■■i i84 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. Il ! ' Ladies of St, George's celebrate Majoi Wright's success. 1796. dier-general Nichols his highest satisfaction at the conduct of Major Wright of the 25th Eegiment, and the Officers and men under his command, during the siege of Pilot Hill; and to desire that the Commander-in-chief's approbation thereof should be made known in the most public manner to the Army under his command ; which Brigadier Nichols is very happy to have this opportunity of doing. (Signed) J. G; Drew, Captain 45th Regiment and Brigade-major.' After Major Wnght's return to Richmond Hill, with the garrison of Pilot Hill, the ladies of St. George's, the capital of the island of Grenada, wore ribbons round their waists inscribed with * Wright for ever 1' because he was considered to have saved the island by so long retaining possession of Pilot Hill, whereby the principal force of the Enemy were kept in full employment, and diverted from attacking Richmond Hill (the last defensible post in the colony), under which the remaining part of the loyal inhabit- ants in St. George's had concentrated and taken refuge. On the 17th of March 1795, Quartermaster J. Reader was appointed Ensign and Adjutant in place of Ross, who re- signed; and Sergeant-major Mills was appointed Quarter- master in place of Reader, promoted. Captain J. V. Chamney died of the Beulam fever on the 5th, and Captain W. Fullerton of the same disease on the 13th August 1795. A general hospital had been erected in Guoyave for the reception of the convalescents belonging to the different corps in the colony, that place being the most healthy in the island. Lieutenants Heming and Stanford, eleven sergeants, one drummer, and fifty rank and file of The 25th Regiment, who were in hospital at the evacuation of the A number of town by Licut.-colonel Shaw, of the 68th Regiment, were the men o£, . ii-i-». -i i i tho'ifithwere taken prisoners by the Brigands on the 15th of October 1795, put to death i .' o > ancu!" ^^^' *^^ ^^^"^ ^^^ P^* *° death. Promotions. ,1 ' RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 185 ;\ 1798. Lint of ofll- cers appoint- ed to the '2d Battalion. In returning to the d^pot stationed in Plymouth Lines, under the command of Lieut.-colonel St. Clair, it was, on the 25th of February 1795, converted into a second battalion of a second bat- ten companies, each consisting of three sergeants, two drum- fom^'to mers, and sixty rank and file. The establishment of officers "n™*- ^" was one lieutenant-colonel, one major, eight captains, twelve lieutenants, eight ensigns, one adjutant, one quartermaster, one surgeon, and one surge- /n's mate. The following is a List of Officers appointed to the 2d Battalion: Lieut.-col. William St. Clair, from the 1st Battalion. Brevet-maj. Charles M'Murdo, from the BuflFs, was appointed Major. To be Captains. Capt.-lieut. John Dickson, from 1st Battalion 25th Eegiment. Lieutenant Ascott Bickford Samuel V. Hinde John Sabine Hamlet Wade „ James Lyon „ Henry Short, from the Half-pay. F. P. Scott, from an Independent Company. Sholto Douglas, from Half-pay. n »> »» Captain Capt.-lieut. and Capt. To he Lieutenants. John W. Johnstone, from Ensign in the Regiment. Henry Stanford „ John Ashe „ Lieutenant WilHam Briggs, from an Independent Company. n J. B. Henegan n Alex. Light „ John Reader, from Ensign in the Regiment. „ Peter Kettle, from an Independent Company. „ Charles J. Nixon, from Ensign in 17th Regiment. ■■^ mm mm 91 imm 186 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1795. ]i i' And the fulloioing Gentlemen were appointed Ensigns : Wm. Fleming, son to the Surgeon of the Eegiment. Wm. St. Clair, son to the Lieut.-col. commanding. A. W. M'Donell. James Peat. John A. Grant. E. H. Henaghan. Eichard Hockings. Ahr. Freer. Eccles Nixon. Adjutant Lieutenant F. Gibhs. Qmr.-Sergt. — Barclay was appointed Quartermaster. Surgeon Eichard James. p • '. le reonuts loft in Ply- mouth linos, and the de- tochnients serving as Marines, are taken on the strength of the 2d Bat- talion. The 2d Bat- talion joins a force at rg. Mate Eichard Anderson. The recruitB left in Plymouth Lines, and the detachments serving as marines on board His Majesty's ships St. George and Egmont in the Mediterranean; Gibraltar, Monarch, and Stately in the British Channel ; and the Reunion in the North Sea, to the number of about four hundi'ed rank and file, were taken on the strength of the 2d Battalion. In tlie month of March several Dutch men-of-war and East Indiamen, which had taken shelter in Plymouth Sound in the month of January preceding, were confiscated, in consequence of war having been declared by the Republic of Holland against Great Britain, when many of the marines and landsmen belonging to these ships were enlisted by the 2d Battalion of the 25th and 29th Regiments, by permission of the Government. These men were of all nations, and in general behaved themselves well and served faithfully. About one hundred of them entered into the 2d Battalion of the 25tb. In the latter end of July the 2d Battalion embarked from Plymouth Lines on board a ship of six hundred tons, and ^ i I RECOEDS OF THE KlNO'S OWN BORDERERS. 187 from . and sailed for Southampton, where it landed, and joined a force assembling there, destined for the West Indies. In conse- quence of light breezes and calms, the vessel was fourteen days on her passage to Southampton. The body of this army v/as encamped on Shirley Common; but the 2d Bat- talion of the 25th Regiment was stationed in two farm- steadings near Netley Abbey, called, the Grange, which were converted into temporary barracks. The army assembled in the vicinity of Southampton, and Major-general Sir Ralph Abercrombie, K.B., with the local rank of Lieut.-general in the West Indies, was appointed to the command. It consisted of Major-generols Graham (se- cond in command), Alexander Campbell of Monzie, and Mors- head ; Brigadier-generals Perryn, John Moore, Colin M'Ken- zie ; the Hon. John Hope, Adjutant-general ; the Hon. John Knox, Quartermaster -general; ami Lieut. -colonel Donald Macdonald, of the 55th Regiment. Colonel Macdonald com- manded the reserve, Avhich consisted of eighteen companies of Grenadiers and the Royal Highland Regiment. The re- maining corps were the 26th Light Dragoons, 2d or Queen's Regiment of Foot, 3d or Buffs, 8th or King's, 10th, 14th, 19th, 2d Battahon 25th, 27th or Enniskillen, 28th, 2d Battalion 29th, 31st or Young Buffs, 33d, 37th, 38th, 40th, 44th, 48th, 53d, 55th, 57th, 63d, 88th or Connaught Rangers; in all about four hundred and sixty cavalry and sixteen thousand five hundred infantry. A division of this army, intended for the West Indies, was ordered from Ireland, to embark at the Cove of Cork, and to consist of Brigadier-generals Keppel, Wilford, Churchill, Howe, and Whitelocke, with the 13th, 14th, 17th, 18th, 21st, and 29th Light Dragoons, amounting to two thousand six hundred men ; and the 1 7th, 32d, 39th, 56th, 67th, and 99th Regiments of Foot, amounting to five thousand six 1795. Southamp- ton destined for the West Indies. A divifiion of tlio Army, intended for tlic West In. dies, is order- ed from Ire- land, and umbarlca at tho Cove of Corlc. mf:c 188 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. Appoint- ments and II 1793. hundred and eighty rank-and-file ; making the whole forces destined for the West Indies three thousand and sixty ca- valry and twenty-two thousand one hundred and fifty-nine infantry. Between the ] st of July and 30th of September the fol- promotiona. lowing appointmr dts took place: To he Ensigns. Hugh M'Donald, gentleman. Alexander Johnston „ F. C. Carew „ Sergeant-major Alexander Carmichael. Ellis Mears, gentleman. M. B. EioUay „ Henry Blackstone. To be Lieutenants. Ensign W. Fleming . . „ W.St. Clair. . „ A. W. M'Donnell ,, James Peat . . „ J. A. Grant . . ,, E. H. Henaghan „ Richard Hockings „ Abm. Freer . . „ Eccles Nixon . To be Chaplain. The Eev. William Parker. On the 2l8t of October Ensigns Hugh Macdonald and Alexander Johnstone were promoted Lieutenants. On the 24th of September the 2d Battalion of The 25th hu»rp^rated Regiment ceased to be a corps, and it was on the following day incorporated with the 1st Battalion, both officers and men. The establishment of The Regiment on this occasion ■; I 1st September 2d » 3d i> 4th >i 5th » 6th >> 7th » 8th >> 9th II « i •rhe 2a Bat taiion ol The in the Ist Battalion. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 189 )rces f ca- •nine i fol- i and 25th • wing ■8 and casion became ten companies of thirty-five rank and file each, with ""''• two Heutenant-colonels, two majors, and two captains, se- gooned without companies. In October Lieut.-colonel St. Clair retired from the ser- vice, and Major Scott purchased the step. Lieut.-colonel ^'^'"°"'"*- St. Clair had served in The 25th Regiment since the 26th of August 1762 — thirty-three years and upwards. His depar- ture was greatly regretted by both officers and men, for he was as kind-hearted and considerate a man as ever com- manded a regiment. His services were as follow : William St. Clair, gentleman, purchased his Ensigncy from Elliott, 26th of August 1762; his Lieutenancy from Pintard, 24:th Jime, 1768; his Company from Symmers, 8th March 1776. Promoted to Brevet- major, 18th Nov. 1790; to Major by purchase, vice Hope, 26th April 1793; to Lieutenant-colonel (having raised men at a considerable ex- pense for the 2d Battalion, embodied 25th Feb. 1795), Ist April 1795. In the latter part of September, His lloyal Highness the ^^^^^K^ "' Duke of York reviewed on Shirley Common the army under *vhi^"i7' the immediate command of Sir Ralph Abercrombie. During by"fflr"iuu)h the month of October the transports, and all the outward- we. bound West-India ships fitted for the conveyance of troops, having assembled at Spithead with a fleet of men-of-war imder the command of Rear-admiral Christian, the troops commenced to embark towards the end of this month, and the whole were on board by the 4th of November, on which day the officers and men who composed the late 2d Battalion of the 25th Regiment were conveyed from Itchenferry on board the Boddingtons and Belfast, West-Iudiamen, lying at Spithead. On the 11th of November Lieut.-colonel Scott exchanged with Lieut.-colonel Dyott, from the 28th Regiment, who joined immediately; and on the same day the fleet, amount- ■••■»»•• 190 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. >i' il 1705. The fleet gets under weigh. ■tA ^ f| Tlio signal forsniling is recalleU. The fleet again puts to sea, and experiences another heavy gale. ing to nearly three hundred sail, got under weigh with a favourable breeze. Its progress, however, was unfortunately arrested by an accident which befell the Flag-ship. Whilst this vessel (the Impregnable) was turning down from the Mother Bank, she struck by the stern on a sand-bank, and before she could get off, her rudder had received so much injury that she could not proceed. The signal for sailing was then recalled, and the fleet was ordered to come to anchor. One of the transports, the Lord Stanley, with part of the 88th Regiment on board, having got too far out to sea, did not observe the signal, and proceeding alone, reached Barbadoes on Christmas - day, after a favomable voyage. The fleet again weighed anchor on the 15th, and the day being imconimonly fine and the ^vind favourable, the whole were clear of the Isle of Wight before sunset ; but scarcely had this great armament got off the Start Point when it was driven back by a furious gale from the south- west, with the loss of several ships stranded off the Bill of Portland, whereby many hundreds perished. The winds continued so adverse, that the next attempt to put to sea was not made till the 9th of December. A serene sky and favourable breeze promised a prosperous passage, and the hopes of those on board were elevated, to be cast down by a second and more grievous disappoint- ment. On the 13th, as the fleet was clearing the Channel, a violent gale commenced, and continued with unabated viol- ence for many weeks. The intermissions of the gale were so few and of such short duration, that the scattered ships could never be collected in any numbers. Under vhesc f^dverse circumstances, however. Admiral Christian perse verbid until the end of January, when the disabled state of such of the ships as kept with him rendered it impossible to remain RECORDS OP THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 191 )1 longer at sea. lie therefore made signal for Portsmouth, where he arrived on the 29th of January 1796, with about fifty sail. The rest of the fleet were scattered about in diflferent ports in England, except those ships which, having successfully persevered in their voyage, reached Barbadoes in a straggling manner. Of the last-mentioned number were the ships containing The 25th Regiment. These were buffeted about in the Bay of Biscay and to the westward of it, under heavy gales of adverse winds, for more than a month. The wind then shifted to the northward, but the sea ran so high that the Boddingtons (head- quarter ship) was unable to take ad- vantage of the change for two days ; fearing, if she put before the wind, that she might pitch away her masts. On the third day she stood her course for Barbadoes, which was found, by the private instructions given to the master, to be the rendezvous. Here she arrived, and cast anchor in Car- lisle Bay on the 11th of February 1796, without having siiflfered any material injury, and without one sick soldier on board. But the Belfast, when within fifty leagues of Barbadoes, was imfortunately captured on the 18th of Janu- ary by a French corvette, the Decius, of twenty-four guns. The officers and men were removed on board the corvette, where the men were placed in irons. The prisoners were plundered by the Republicans of every article they pos- sessed, even to the very clothes they wore, which were stripped off the backs of men, women, and children. The officers, too, were robbed of their watches and money, and the epaulettes were torn off their shoulders. The officers of The 25th Regiment, having observed a great want of discipline in the crew of the corvette, planned a scheme for seizing the ship, of which scheme Lieutenant Johnstone of the Grenadiers was the originator ; he was AlHJiit nfty snil return to I'ortsmouth. Tlic Ttelfnat, transjwrt, ia captured by a Fi-enoh cor- vette. Tlio officers ami men are taken on board the corvette ; thry are rob- be«"'«• Lieutenant Heming was promoted to a company on the 28th of February ; and Ensign A. G. Carmichael was ap- 25th into tliQ barroclis on Riclimond Uill. 198 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 179G. pointed Lieutenant in room of Heming, promoted. On the 3d of June, Lieutenant Farquharson was appointed Adjutant in room of Reader, deceased. On the 8th, Lieu- tenant John Ashe was appointed Captain -lieutenant, in place of Lyon, promoted, and on the 28th was removed to the 48th Regiment; Lieutenant Farquharson succeeded to the Captain-lieutenancy ; Ensign F. C. Carew to the Lieu- tenancy; and gentleman volunteer John Austen to the Ensigncy. On the 2d July Ensign Ellis Meares was appointed Lieu- tenant, vice Reader, deceased; 1 gentleman volunteer William Hughes succeeded to the Ensigncy. On the 3d of July Ensign M. B. Riollay was appointed Lieutenant in room of Kettle, deceased; and D'Arcy O'Brien, gentleman, was appointed Ensign on the 8th September. Brevet -major Tomlinson Busby was appointed Major on the 10th of August, in room of M'Murdo, promoted. Between the 1st of April 1795 and 12th of July 1796 the Rejriment lost in killed one captain and twenty rank-and- the 1st '^ . . ^ "^ Apnn795 to file ; by sickness, sixteen officers, thirty-two sergeants, nme 1796. drummers, and about five hundred rank-and-file. The following is a list of the officers who died or were killed during the period above mentioned : Captain Thomas Barston Hewan, killed. ed. Casualties In Tlie Regi- ment from M J. V. Chamuey » William Fullerton »» B. H. Heming ieuteiiaiit Peter Kettle Henry Stanford William Harvey Frederick Gibba J. B. Henaghan E. H. Henaghan I RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 190 Ensign yi Adjutant Quartermaster Mark Kirliy Henry Blackstono "William Hughes John Eeader — Mills died. 1796. Surgeon's ]Mate — Pemherton Lieutenant M. B. Eiollay >> » The Ree-iment havina: been ordered to return to Europe, The Regi- ° ° 111 mont is or- the eiFective rank-and-file, to the number of two hundred 'i' >•«'*« i-e- ' turn to and twenty-two, were drafted into the 53d Regiment on the Europe. 9th of July ; and on the 12th the officers, together with the sergeants, drummers, and men unfit for service, embarked on board the Atlantic transport for Europe, as follows : one lieutenant-colonel, one major, three captains, six lieutenants, one ensign, nineteen sergeants, ten drummers, and fifty rank-and-file. The 29th Regiment was drafted in like manner, and embarked for Europe at the same time and place. On the 15th of July the ship sailed for Tortola, in order The trans- ■"■_ _ ^ _ jxjrt Bails for to join convoy; here she remained until the beginning of jjj;^j*''^ Pj^^ August, when the convoy set sail, and experienced moderate """^"y- weather until the beginning of September, when a heavy gale came on, which entirely separated the convoy, and the Atlantic put into Plymouth alone. Here she was placed under quarantine in consequence of the death (by yellow fever) of one lieutenant, four sergeants, one drummer, and fifteen privates; two of the seamen also died, during the passage, of the same disease. There was no medical officer on board, but the sick were occasionally visited, as long as the convoy kept together, by one from another transport. While lying ofl:' Plymouth Dockyard, on the 22d of Sej> tember, the frigate Amphion blew-up with a tremendous explosion, which shook the whole town. The ship having 1 , I 200 RECORDS OF THE KINO's OWN BORDERERS. 17'J7. ii^ On the 30th (if September The llegi- ment lands at Mutton Cove. FroinotiouH. I i; been manned from Plymouth, and having just returned fi'om a cruise, a great number of the inhabitants of the town had gone on board to see their fi-iends, and about three hundred men, women, and childi'en lost their lives. Pai't of the wreck fell round the Atlantic, but none struck her. On the 30th the miserable remains of The Regiment landed at Mutton Cove, east corner of the dockyai.i, and marched into a temporary barrack, called Frankfort, in the town of Plymouth. Here two captains, eleven sergeants, two corporals, four drummers, and seventy privates, who had been employed on the marine service and recruiting, joined. Lieutenant Alexander Prole from the North Devon Militia, and Henry Hanson, gentlemen, were appointed Ensigns on the 23d and 24th of November. On the 25th two additional companies were added to the establishment of The Regiment, for the purpose of recruiting the corps. On the 1st of December Ensign Poole, from the 2d or Queen's Regiment, was appointed to a Lieutenancy. In the month of Januaiy 1797 the following promotions and appointments took place in The Regiment, viz. To be Lieutenants : Lieutenant John Warrington, from Colonel Whitelock's Corps; Ensigns John Austen, D'Arcy O'Brien, Alexander Prole, Henry Hanson, James Watson, William Parsons. To be Ensigns : Edward Daniel, gentleman ; Lieutenant J. Irwin, from the South Devon Militia ; Volunteer W. Waughup, from the 96th Regiment. On the 16th of February Assistant-surgeon Samuel Nice was appointed, with additional pay. The condition of army medical officers was now very much improved, and the rank of surgeon's mate was abolished. Up to this period the pay of a regimental surgeon was only that of a lieutenant, with some other trilling allowances ; but now the whole was con- I II rrfWi ti!!i^-Ai,^jiajMi3eestsittiiiii*^ RECORDS OF THE KINO'y OWN BORDERERS. 201 171)7. Il Bolidated and augmented to the pay of a captain. In the month of March The Regiment was removed from Frankfort The Regi. mcnt ban'acks, Plymouth, to Marlborough and Granby Squares, changes bar- Plymouth Dock. On the 6th of April Sergeant-major Charles West was promoted to Quartermaster, in place of Mills, de- ceased. About this time the Officers of Infantry of the Line were ^ oiiauRe in " dress tiikes permitted to wear an undress single-breasted jacket, with ^J^y|" "'^ collar and cuflfs of the facings of each corps. On the 24th of April the establishment of The Regiment was reduced to thii-ty-seven sergeants, seventeen drummers, and six hundred rank-and-file. In this month many persons of desperate fortune, who had imbibed revolutionary prin- ciples, and were consequently disafifected to Government, endeavoured to seduce the Navy and Army from their alle- giance by various and systematic means. They succeeded "ri^i^^t^e with the fleets at Portsmouth, Plymouth, the Nore, Sheer- ^'■'^^ ness, and the North Sea (the fleet belonging to the last- named station was in Yarmouth Roads) ; but, with the ex- ception of some discontent manifested by the privates of the Royal Artillery at Woolwich (which discontent was imme- diately suppressed by the spirited conduct of their officers), the Army remained uncontaminated. The seamen petitioned for an increase of wages and provisions, which was granted to them. The ringleaders of the naval mutiny were tried by gene- j^J|||g^"^,th ral courts -martial at the several stations mentioned, and "iny^aw"' many seamen were executed in consequence, when the crews ^rt-mw-* tlal. were restored to order and returned to their duty. To its credit be it spoken, the Corps of Marines (a few individuals excepted) remained faithful during the mutiny. This insubordination extended even to the fleet in the Mediterranean, and broke out oq board the St. George, of l< 1 , 11 202 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1707. General Orrter. ninety-eight guns, but was immediately suppressed by the spirited conduct of the officers, supported by Captain Hinde and a detachment of The 25th Regiment, as ah-eady speci- fied. Attempts are I^ conscquence of many attempts made to seduce the duce^tiiePiy- garrisou of Plymouth (which consisted of the 2d or Queen's, risen. 25th, and 29th Regiments of the Line, and the North and South Devon Militia) from its allegiance, the non-commis- comiuctof sioned officers of each of these corps individually offered missioned rcwards for the detection of the offenders, as will appear by the following General Order, dated •Headquarters, Plymouth Lines, IGth May 1797. 'Lieutenant-general Lord George Lennox will have great satis- faction in communicating to His Eoyal Highness the I)uko of York the many loyal and spirited declarations that have been circulated by the troops in this garrison. In justice to the sentiments they con- tain, he begs they may be on record in the Orderly-books of the Eegiments, for which purpose the resolutions of each corps will be inserted in turn in the General Orders of the day.' The following is the declaration of the non-commissioned officers of the 25th Regiment of Foot: ' Nemo me impune laccsset. ' The subscribing non-commissioned officers of His ^Majesty's 25th Regiment of Foot find with great regret that attempts have been made, by base and infamous persons, to alienate some of the soldiers in this garrison from their duty to their King and Country by circu- lating inflammatory papers and hand-bills, containing the grossest falsehood and misrepresentation, thereby insulting the character of a British soldier. In order to bring such incendiaries to the punish- ment they so justly deserve, wo hereby offer a reward of ten guineas (to be paid on conviction) to the person or persons who will inform upon, secure, or deliver over to any of the subscribers, the author. Declarntion of the non- commls- Bioned offi- cers of Ttie 25tb. ^i RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 203 printer, or distributor of papers or hand-bills criminal, to the mili- tary establishment and laws of the country; or for any information against any person found guilty of bribing with money, or of holdin- out any false allurements to any soldier in this district, tending to injure the good order and discipline of the Army; which reward of ten guineas is raised and subscribed by us for this purpose, and will immediately be paid on conviction of any such offenders. 'God save the King!' This declaration was signed by the whole of the non- commissioned officers of The Regiment. The pay of the non-commissioned officers, drummers, and privates was on the 25th of May 17i)7 increased as follows: sergeants, from Is. to 1.. 6^d. ; corporals, from 8d. to Is. 2|d- drummers, from Id. to U. l^d. ; privates, from 6d. to Is. Be- sides this, an additional penny was given to each man while serving at home, as beer-money. About this time a conspiracy was discovered in the Plymouth division of Marines, for setting fire to the maga- zme and blowing-up the barracks. The ringleaders in this plot were three Irish rebels, who had lately entered the corps. Fortunately they were detected, and were immedi- ately brought before a general court-martial, composed of officers of the Marines and of every Regiment serving in the garrison. The three prisoners were found guilty; two of them were sentenced to 8uffi3r death, and the third to receive a corporal punishment of one thousand lashes. The court- martial was confirmed, and the sentences were carried into execution. In 1796 an alteration took place in the dress of the Army. Until then the uniform-coat of both officers and men was of the same shape, and hooked from the collar to the fourth button, slanting from thence downwards to the pockets. But in the year above mentioned, the officer's coat was made to 1797. Tlio pay of the Anny is increased. Conspiracy discovered among the Plymouth division of Marines. Alteration takes place in the dress of the Anny. «WHli 1797. 204 RECORDS OF THE KING S OW N BORDERERS. hook fi'om the collar to the bottom of the facings, while that of the non-commissioned officers and privates was made single-breasted and without facings, excepting for the collar and cuffs, and to button from the collar to the bottom across the body, while the skirts were shortened so as to vender the coat a jacket. The savings upon the facings went to- wards furnishing each man with a watch-coat. The sashes of the officers and sergeants, which went only once round the body at this time, and were worn under the coat, were now lengthened to thrice round the body, and were ordered to be worn tied over the coat and belt. A uniform sword was also established about this time. In consequence of The 25th Regiment not having returned from foreign service until the month of September 1796, the alterations in the clothing, sashes, and swords of the officers and sergeants above referred to, did not take place in the corps until the year 1797. On the 25th of June of this year the arrears of subaltern officers were done away with, and their pay was consolidated, and augmented one shilling each per day. On the 25th of December this year the arrears of pay for field officers and captains were likewise done away with, Fiomotioiis. and their pay was consolidated. On the 28th of September Ensign Henry Vaughan, from Myers' Corps, exchanged s\ ith Waughup ; Asfield, gentleman, was appointed Ensign, but never joined. On the 18th of October John Murray, gentle- man, was appointed Ensign in place of Asfield, who resigned. Archibald Campbell, gentleman, was appointed Ensign in November, vice Hughes deceased. I B that made collar across render ent to- sashes md the re now d to be /as also eturned 796, the s officers e in the :his year ith, and ing each pay for %j with, iptember ged s\ ith sign, but gentle- esigned. nsign in CHAPTER Xin. Until this period the duties of paymaster were performed TheVituk- in every corps by an officer having the i-ank of captain or *''j^"t°r u"** subaltern, for whose abilities and integrity either the Colonel ^"^'int-*' of the Regiment, or the Captains collectively and individu- ally, became responsible. Sevei'al officers holding this situation having been killed (which was the case with the Paymaster of The 25th Regi- ment, Captain Hewan), or having died suddenly, it was found that their accounts were in such confusion as to cause much inconvenience and loss to the public ; consequently the situ- ation was, on the 25th of January 1798, made a civil ap- pointment, and was conferred generally upon officers on half-pay, or upon officers who were at the time permitted to sell out for the purpose of holding such appointment. In the month of February one hundred and sixty-seven several de- •' _ •' tachraents men joined The Regiment, being drafts from the recruiting j^'^gnt^^' depot at Chatham, from the 90th Regiment, and recruits from Scotland. Those from Chatham were principally foreigners who had volunteered from prison, being part of the crews of the Dutch men-of-war captured by Admiral Lord Duncan off Camperdown on the 11th of October 1797. Eighty-one men joined in the month of March from the d^pot at Chatham, and from the recruiting parties in Scot- land. On the 25th of April twelve sergeants were added to the establishment of The Regiment, and in the month of May sixty more men ; the latter were likewise principally foreignei'S from the captured Dutch men-of-war. i^> 206 RECORDS OF THE F.INQ S OWN BORDERERS. 1798. Fromotions. TheHegi- nient em- barks for Jersey. In consequence of the disturbed state of Ii-eland, the Queen's and 29th Regiments were moved from the garrison of Plymouth to Barnstable and Bideford, in the north of Devon, ready to be embar]\cd for that comitry. On the 6th June, Lieut. Hanson exchanged with Lieut. R. W. M. Cal- lander from the 5th Foot. Lieutenant Callander resigned on the 25th of July, and was succeeded by Ensign Edward Daniel, and Alexander James Callander, gentleman, was appointed to the ensigncy. On the 4th July Robert Cooch, gentleman, was appointed to an ensigncy in The Regiment. On the 31st July The Regiment was reviewed on Ply- mouth Lines by its Colonel, Lieiitcnant-general Lord George Henry Lennox. This was the only official inspection of The Regiment since May 1792. Watch-coats were first issued to the Army in this year. The Regiment embarked on the 7th August on board His Majesty's ships Dictator and Charon, for the island of Jersey: arriving there on the 10th it disembarked at St. Aubyn, aud marched into Belle-vue barracks above that town, where it relieved the 58th Regiment. On the 19th of August The Regiment was reviewed by the Governor, Major-general Gordon. On the 22d August Ensign Allen was appointed to a lieutenancy in the Slst Regiment, and exchanged to the 25th with Lieutenant Warrington. On the 25th of October forty-eight men joined the Regi- ment from the recruiting depot at Chatham. These, like those who joined from this place in the beginning of the year, were chiefly foreigners captured in the Dutch men-of- war. On the 7th of December The Regiment was again re- viewed by Major-general Gordon, the Governor of Jersey. When The Regiment landed on the island, an encamp- ment was formed of the four Grenadier companies, com- manded by Brevet-major Stewart, on Gallows Hill, which is RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. ?07 , the rrison •til of le 6th [. Cal- jigned dwavd 1, was Cooch, iment. )n Ply- George of The , iBSVied His jard JevBey: )yn. -"-'id where it ust The general pointed mged to [he Regi- |.ese, hke Ig of the raen-of- [again re- [ersey. encamp- lies, coni- which is not far from St. Ilelier, the capital. The Light Company of The Regiment, under Brevet-major Hinde, was detached to and encamped at Boulay Bay, on the east side of the island. The garrison of the island consisted of the 2/)th, 49th, G9th, and 88th Regiments of the Line, the loyal Irish Fencibles, and two companies of invalids. On the 9th of January 1799 George Tripp, gentleman, was appointed Ensign vice Holditch, promoted ; and in Fel> ruary forty-one men joined The Regiment from the recruiting depot at Chatham. These were likewise composed principally of foreigners. On the 20 ih March John Fawcett, gentleman, was appointed Ensign in place of Allen, promoted in the 51st Regiment. On the 10th of May Captain James Kirk, from the Ist Foot Guards, was appointed to the coi'ps in place of Lyon, promoted to a majority in the Queen's German Regiment ; and on the 17th of May William H. Forbes, gentleman, was appointed Ensign vice Harvey, promoted. On the 15th of June The Regiment embarked from Jersey on board the Friendship, Providence, and Hercules transports, and sailed under convoy of a man-of-war brig for Spithead, where they anchored. On the 22d The Regiment lost two men, who fell ovei'board and were drowned. On the 23d the transports were ordered to the Isle of Wight, where The Regiment disembarked on the 23d and 24th, and marched to Parkhurst barracks, along with the 69th Regiment. Here they remained, under the orders of Major-general Don, until the beginning of July, when both regiments reembarked at Cowes for Southampton, where they landed, and marched for Shirley Warren near that town, and there encamped along with a brigade of Foot Guards under the command of Major- general Burrard. The two regiments were now placed under the command of Major-general Moore, and in a few days the 171)!). Tlie Regl- nipnt returns to Englniirt, and i» qiiar- teriHl in the Islo of Wight. In the begin- ning of July it encamps on Shirley Warren. ll 208 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 179», '''■P^ t The troops on Shirley Warron march for Bsrhani Downs. The Regi- ment mar- ches for Ramsgate, where it em barkp and sails 1 IT the Down 6. 23cl and 27th Regimenta arrived, and were placed under the orders of Major-general Coote. At this time a force was assembling here and on Barhara Downs, to be commanded by Lieutenant-general Sir Ralph Abercrombie, K.B., for the purpose of making a descent upon North Holland, the in- habitants of which were supposed to be tired of French govemmeii and to be favourable to the British. In the end of July the troops on Shirley Warren struck their tents and marched for Barham Downs near Canter- bury, encamping after each day's march. They arrived and encamped about the 1st of August. Major-general Moore's Brigade was joined in this encampment by the 2d battalion Royals, 49th, 79th, and 92d Regiments. Major-general Coote's Brigade was augmented by the Queen's, 29th and 85th Regi- ments, and a resei've was formed under Colonel M'Donald, consisting of the 23d and 55th Regiments; there were also some cavalry, artillery, and engineers, assembled on this occasion, consisting in all of about eleven thousand men. On the 3d of August thirty-seven volunteers from the 17th Regiment joined the 25th ; and on the 5th Lieutenant F. C. Carew was promoted to a company by purchase, vice Kirk, retired. John Hammond and Robert Terry, gentlemen, were appointed Ensigns on the 5th and 6th of August, vice Hast- ings and Bradstreet, promoted. On the 5th of August the encampment on Barham Downs broke up, and the troops proceeded towards the coast for embarkation. The 25th Regiment halted, and encamped for two days close to Sandwich, and on the 8th marched for Ramsgate, where it embarked immediately on its arrival, and sailed the same evening for the Downs, that being the rendezvous for the Army. In Ramsgate The Regiment was joined by ten volunteers from the 35th Regiment. The Regiment at this time having many foreigners in its I •- . . if I' ' f-i Is RECORDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. 200 r the was luded >r the ae in- trench struck Cantev- red and Moore's lattalion [ Coote's th Regi- ['Donald, vere also I on this nd men. the 17 th ant F. C. vice Kn*K, men, were vice Hast- mn Downs e coast for sanaped for larched for its arrival, being the giment was t ligner B m its ranks, as before detailed, the Dutchmen, to the niiniber of '""• one sergeant and eighty-four rank-and-file, were left at Deal under charge of Captain Carew, by order of Lieutenant- general Sir Ralph Abercrombie, to await the result f)f the landing in Holland. The transports having assembled in the Downs, the ^Jfg^*f, whole got under weigh on the 13th, under convoy of the forthI.'o"tch squadron commanded by Vice-adn>iral Mitcheli. The weather ''"''^'' was at first fine and the breeze moderate, but the next day it became hazy and squally, and continued imfavourable until the morning of the 2l8t, when it moderated. The fleet now stood in for the Dutch coast, having everything in readiness to eflfect a landing; but unfortnnately, after they had viewed the coast and had been perceived by the Enemy, a gale of wind sprung up, which drove the fleet to sea. On the evening of the 25th the weather again became moderate, whereupon they once more stood in for the coast, and came to anchor on the following day, near the shore at the south outran, e to the Helder. About break of day on the 27th the troops got into the boats, and as soon as the coast wab visible, the men-of-war nearest the shore scoured the beach with their cannon ; whereupon the boats pushed in, and th^- troops landed without opposition ; a detachment of the Grenadiers belonging to The 25th Regiment, nnder some orena- the command of Lieutenant M'Donald, being the first to set sstiiaretiio ' o first to lanil, foot on shore. When the Enemy saw the fleet on the 21st they assem- bled a considerable force, consisting of infantry, cavalry, and artillery, at Callanstoog, to the right of the place where the British landed, for the purpose of opposing them ; conse- quently, as soon as the British had formed and had begun to move forward, their right was attacked by this force, and ^".ci"^"^ a smart action ensued. The Enemy, however, were driven 210 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. vh 1799. The Enemy are each time driven Tlio brigade b? which Tlie 25th belongs is destined to attack the Helder. The garrison retire and spike their guns. The place Is til kon possession of by the Brit- ish. back precipitately, and notwithstanding they repeated their attacks with fresh troops several times, they were as fre- quently repulsed, and had ultimately to retire in the even- ing a distance of about two leagues, where they took post. Unfortunately for the British, it came on to blow in the afternoon, which prevented the cavalry, artillery, ammuni- tion, and provisions being landed. This gave the Enemy great advantage ; and towards the close of the disembark- ation several boats were swamped, whereby part of the Royal Artillery and several seamen were drowned. The corps engaged on this occasion were the Queen's, 23d, 27th, 29th, 55th, and 85th Regiments. The British having taken post along the ridge of the sand-liills, remained upon their arms all night imder in- cessant rain, without any other covering than their watch- coats ; and this they had to do for four successive days and nights. In the mean time General Moore's brigade, of which The 25th Regiment formed a part, being on the left of the British, and consequently not engaged on the 27th, was destined to attack the Helder that night, supported by Major-general Burrards. This place was garrisoned by about two thousand men ; but at eight o'clock the same evening it was ascer- tained that this garrison had abandoned the place, after having spiked the guns and destroyed some of the carriages. The Dutch Fleet, which was anchored in the Mars Diep for the protection of the harbour, now got under weigh and retired into the Zuyder Zee , whereupon the 2d Battalion Royals and 92d Regiment, under the command of Colonel the Marquis of Huntley, were detached about nine o'clock to take possession of that post. By this means a numerous artillery and quantities of ordnance stores of every descrip- tion fell into our hands. I ■XT" ■*- ■^or .j * ■ RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 211 3(1 their as frc- le even- ok post. T in the inimuni- Enemy lembark- t of the id. The 3d, 27th, ;e of the uider in- ir watch- days and hich The e British, 3tined to general loiisaud as ascer- ce, after arriages. )iep for gh and Battalion Colonel o'clock lumerous loscrip- 171)9. I i N The following is the British loss m the affair of the los* of the ^„ , British In the 27th : nffnirof the 27th. n flS S S LOSS OF THE BRITISH. i a 1 1 i i 1 1 3 1 1 •o Killed 3 1 1 9 1 6 3 18 1 61 334 WoiincJed 1 Missing Total •• •• •• •• 26 1 S 1 9 7 21 1 411 Lieutenant-general Sir James Pulteney was wonnded in the arm, and Colonel Hope, 25th Regiment, Adjutant-general of the Army, was wounded in the ankle. The following are the names of the officers killed and wounded on this occasion: Killed: Lieutenant-colonel Smollet, Ist Regiment of Guards ; Lieutenant-colonel Hay, Royal Engineers ; Lieu- tenant Crow, 27th Foot. Wounded: Colonel IM'Donald, 55th Regiment; Lieutenant- colonel Graham, 27th Regiment. In consequence of the evacuation of the Helder by the Enemy on the night of the 27th, and the occupation of that post by a party of the British, under the Marquis of Huntley, early on the morning of the 28th, that part of the Enemy's fleet which was unable to follow Admiral Storey into the Zuyder Zee was taken possession of by Admiral Mitchell on the same day, and consisted of one ship of sixty-four guns, one of fifty-four, one of forty-four, one frigate, three sloops of war, and about twelve East-Indiamen and transports. The naval arsenal at Nieuve Werp was taken possession of The navai arsenal at bv the British at the same time. On the same dav it was Nieuvowcrp ti * is takon pos- notified to The Regiment that, on the 23d of the month, ^'^'At^shf I 1799. 212 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. Lieutenant-colonel the Hon. John Hope was appointed Co- lonel of the North Lowland Regiment of Fencible Infantry; that Brevet Lieutenant-colonel Henry A. Wright (already in command of The Regiment) was appointed Lieutenant-colonel in his room, and that Brevet-major John Stewart was ap- pointed Major in succession. In the course of the 28th a fleet of transports, with a con- siderable body of British troops, under the orders of Major- general Don, came to anchor off the Helder, and commenced immediately to disembark, which was completed without loss of time. At five o'clock on the morning of the 30th, Vice-admiral Mitchell, with his fleet, got under weigh, with a view of approaching the Dutch Fleet in the Zuyder Zee, under the command of Admiral Storey. He had much dif- ficulty in accomplishing this, for buoys had been cut away which pointed out the channel ; consequently two of his line-of-battle ships grounded, and were left behind. About half-past ten o'clock he arrived with the remainder within a short distance of the Dutch Fleet, and anchored in line of battle. Admiral Mitchell did this in consequence of his hav- ing received a flag of truce from the Dutch Admiral, the bearer of which he sent back with a message to Admiral Storey, that ' if he did not surrender within an hour, he must abide the consequence.' Howevei', in less than the time specified, the Dutch Fleet surrendered without firing a shot, and the officers gave themselves up as prisoners of war to the British Government, while the ships and men were to be held for His Serene Highness the Prince of Orange, whom the seamen were willing to serve. The ships, consisting of thirteen men-of-war, with East-Indiamen and st veral trans- ports, were taken possession of accordingly by British of- ficers. The fortifications, shipping, and naval and military maga- RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 213 > zines of the Helder, having now been secured, and ample ^Jfl^if^^, supplies of ordnance, ammunition, and provisions having also iSer'are^ been landed, as well as the reinforcement under Major-gene- ^" ral Don, the Army Avas ready to move forward by the Slst. Accordingly, leaving the 69th Regiment to garrison the Helder, the British Army proceeded on the morning of the 1st of September, and took up a position about two leagues in advance, with their right upon the German Ocean, at the village of Petten, where the Guards were posted. The left, composed of Major-general Moore's brigade, was at the vil- lage of Oude Sleuys, upon the Zuyder Zee, while the head- quarters were at Shargen Brug, in the centre of the line. A dyke of very ancient construction, thrown up in an irregular manner, joined the embankment of both seas, for the purpose of preventing the face of the country from being all flooded at one time. This rendered the position a very strong one, while the adjacent villages and farm-houses aiforded suffi- cient accommodation for the troops, so that they were not obliged to pitch tents. In this situation they remained, without any occurrence having taken place, until break of a combined day on the morning of the 10th, when the combined French J^enc^^a^j" and Dutch Army made an attack, in three diNasions, upon u,"*^ri°irti" the centre and right of the British position ; that opposed to ^ the right of the British being French, and the other two divisions being composed of Dutch troops. After having arrived within point-blank shot of the Brit- ish troops, they commenced a spirited attack, and were as warmly received ; and the fire was kept up on both sides until ten o'clock in the forenoon, when the Enemy was re- The Enemy Is repulsed, pulsed on every Bid3, and retreated with considerable lof^s jj^;J^'^j*^''eata (abvuit one thousand men) towards Alkniaar, pursued for a"™""""- eome time by the reserve, under Colonel M'Donald, which ncceleratod their retreat. 214 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1799. Loss of the Biitisliin na fnlln-WB • the above ^^ lOllOWB . affair. The loss on the part of the British on this occasion was LOSS OF THE BRITISH. 1 i o 8 1 1 2 ' 1 i 3 1 a s B o i i Killwl Wounded Hissing Total 1 1 • • 1 1 1 1 4 4 6 e 2 1 3 •• 37 131 18 186 Return of oflBccrs wounded. Return of Ojficers wounded. Major-general Moore ; Captain Halket, G7th Regiment, Aide-de-camp to the Commander-in-chief; Lieutenant Simp- son, Royal Artillery; Captain Neville, Grenadier Battalion of Guards ; Captain Neville, 1st Battalion, 3d Regiment of Guards ; Lieutenant Gordon, Adjutant, 2d Battalion Royals. Of the 20th Regiment, Lieut.-colonel George Smith ; Major Robert Ross ; Capt.-lieutenant Ferdinand Adams ; Lieutenant John Colborne ; Lieutenant John Derouse ; Lieutenant Chris- topher Hamilton ; Adjutant Samuel South ; and Captain the Hon. John Ramsay, of the 92d Re{_,iment. York wriveg ^u the 13th of September His Royal Highness the Duke Iwmmani of of York ai'rivcd and assumed the command of the Army, having been appointed by His Majesty Captain-general and Commander-in-chief of all His Majesty's land forces. About tiie same time a Russian force arrived, under General Essen, consisting of about ten thousand men. On the 15th of Sep- tember Capt.-lieutenant Farquharson was appointed supple- mentary Captain, and Lieutenant John Weir Johnstone was appointed Capt.-lieutenant in his place. Soon artor His Royal Highness's arrival ho determined the Army. m i 37 131 18 186 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 215 to make a general attack upon the Enemy; and having fixed jj-^J^';, the 19th for this operation, the left division of the Army, ^3muB^^' under the command of Lieut.-general Sir Ralph iS bercrombie, ^auittafk"* being Britiph, and consisting of two squadrons of the 18th Enemy. Light Dragoons, Major-general the Earl of Chatham's Bri- gade, Major-general Moore's Brigade, Major-general tlie Earl of Cavan's Brigade, Ist Battalion of British Grenadiers of the Line, 1st Battalion of Light Infantry of the Line, and the 35th and 55th Regiments, under Colonel M'Donald, mai-ched, at six o'clock on the evening of the 18th, with or- ders to turn the right of the Enemy upon the Zuyder Zee. Notwithstanding the excessive darkness of the night, this division proceeded regularly on its march, and, without in- terruption from the Enemy, surprised the city of Hoorn about noon the following day, and made the garrison prisoners. On the morning of the 19th the remainder of the Army, in The Amy three divisions, marched from their several positions at break of day. The Russians were upon the right, commanded by Lieut.-general Hermann, and consisted of twelve battalions, to which were added the 7th British Light Dragoons, and Major-general Manners's Brigade of British. The centre pian of oper- divisions were commanded by Lieut.-general Sir David Dun- das, and consisted of two squadrons of the 11th Light Dra- goons, two brigades of Foot Guards, under Major-generals Burrards and D'Oyley, and Major-general His Highness Prince William of Gloucester's Brigade of the Line. The other division was under the command of Lieut.-general Sir James Pulteney, and consisted of two squadrons of the 11th Light Dragoons, Major-generals Don and Coote's Brigade. The right was to endeavour to drive the Enemy from the 1 ights of Camperdown, and then to push on to Bergen-op-Zee. The second, cooperating with the right column, was to force the Enemy from their positions at Walmenhuysen and Schorl- I! 216 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1790. Tlie Enemy retreat. Tlic Russians are unexpec- tedly attiick- oi It'i '■ Wii r 218 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1790. The several coluinns are ready to ad- vance. The 25th Re- giment forms an ad- vanced guard to Genernl Moore's Brl- gvlc. General Moore's Bri- gade deploys into line on neoring the Enemy, The Brigade charges, and suffers severely. The fourth, commanded by Lieut.-general Sir James Pul- teney, consisted of Major-general His Highness Prince Wil- liam's Brigade, Major-general Manners's, Major-general Don's, two squadrons of the 18th Light Dragoons, and two batta- lions of Russians. The several columns having taken up their positions be- tween the German Ocean and the Zuyder Zee, by six o'clock in the morning they were ready to advance. The Enemy consisted of French troops, commanded by General Vandamme ; and of Dutch, commanded by General Daendel. The whole consisted of about thirty thousand men, xmder the command of the French General Brune. About six o'clock on the morning of the 2d of Octobei* the British and Russian Army moved forward, when a partial skirmish ensued with the Enemy between the sand-hills on the German Ocean, and the great canal which leads to Am- sterdam. Major-general Moore's Brigade, which formed the right of the Army in column upon the beach, had The 25th Regi- ment as its advanced guard, which was connected with the next column by means of a rifle company of the 60th Regi- ment, extended across the sand-hills. General Moore moved forward without interruption until ten o'clock, when he ap- proached the French line, drawn up under cover of a ridge of sand-hills ; whereupon he deployed his brigj ,de into line, leaving the 92d Regiment in reserve, under the command of Colonel the Marquis of Huntley, along with the cavalry under Lord Paget. Having received the Enemy's fire, the brigade charged, by order of the General, and instantly drove the Enemy from the first ridge ; but in effecting this it suffered severely, and The 25th Regiment had two officers killed, and one mortally wounded. The contest between General Moore's Brigade and the Enemy continued very warm from ten o'clock i P" RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 219 in the morning till four in the afternoon, the nature of the '""• ground enabling the French to dispute every inch. They, tuo Prcncii however, gradually retired towards Egmont-op-Zee. About this time the Enemy being reinforced, and Gene- Tho 92a nc- . . giment is ral Moore's brigade being much exhausted and thinned m '='|[',^|'"'" its ranks, the 92d was called into action, and coming to the charge at once, a dreadful conflict took place between them and the French, whose cavalry at the same time made a charge upon the British Artillery occupying the beach, between the infantry and the sea, and took a momentary possession of the guns; but the British Cavalry, which had The French . • Ti cavalry take taken shelter in rear of the sand-mils, havmg nnmediateiy somoEng- *=" " hah giina, mounted, lost not an instant in charging the Enemy, cheered ^^^^^° by the British Infantry. The guns were retaken, and the Enemy's cavalry was driven back behind a line of boats, which had been di-awn on shore to afford them protection. The infantry on both sides, which had ceased firing, as if by command, to witness the charge of cavalry, recommenced the action; and in a short time afterwards Major-general Moore's brigade was relieved, and the action was continued until dusk (about six o'clock), when the Enemy gave way at every point and made a rapid retreat; but Major-general Tiie Enemy Moore's brigade lay all that night upon their arms. The weather was piercingly cold and windy, with occasional rain. The ,vriter of tliis saw General Sir Ralph Abercrom- bie early the following morning lying upon the sand in his greatcoat, undei'going the same privations as the private soldiers. The names of the officers of The 25th Regiment who were Names of the officers of killed on this occasion were Capt. John Weir Johnstone and The 25th ^ who were Lieutenant Hugh M'Donald. The names of those wounded ^jj^vewtion. were Major Samuel V. Hinde, Captains Eraser, C. Carew, George Callander, and Francis P. Scott (of these Captain 220 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. V '■ If i h 1799. Carew died of his wounds); Lieutenants A. W. Light, James Peat, John A. Grant, and John Austen. Returns of the killed, wounded, and missing having been called for, the loss of General Moore's biigade was ascer- tained to be as follows : Ilctum of killed, wounded, and missing. f-'lf LOSS OF THE BRITISH. 2d Battalion Royal '26th Regiment 40th Regiment TOtli Regiment . 92d Regiment . . (■Killed . -< Wounded (.Alissing , (Killed . -< Wounded (Missing . (Killed . < Wounded (Missing . (Killed -< Wounded (Missing . (Killi'd . -< Wounded (Hissing . Total 3 I 15 26 25 T 61 9 82 61 18 SO 50 21 T8 64 2 54 176 631 This well-fought battle was principally contested from the German Ocean in front of Egmont, along the sand-hills, to the heights above Bergen, where the columns under General Sir Ralph Abercrombie and Lieutenant-general Dundas were employed. On the 3d the British and Russians moved forward with- out opposition ; and having entered the cities of Alkmaar and Hoorn, occupied the position of the Lang Dyke, Alkmaar, Bergen, Egmont opden Hof, and Egmont op Zee. Major-general Moore having been wounded in two places, Major-general Hon. Knox was placed in command of his brigade. The loss of the British and Russian forces in the engage- ment above described was as follows : . i i 1 1 7 61 9 32 61 IS 80 60 21 18 64 2 54 176 39 2 631 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 221 LOSS OP THE BRITISH. Killed . . Wounded Missing . Total 4 28 LOSS OF THE RUSSIANS. Killed or taken prisoners Wounded 48 Total ■& a 64 10 ( 21 47 i 216 980 178 1373 5 1S7 SOS 822 3 237 1102 193 1632 170 423 593 o 44 78 3 128 1799 Lo8» of Ilrl- tish and Ttus- siaiix in thu ol)ove en- gagement. M 60 60 The Duke of York had now gained the whole extent ot country between Egmont op Zee and Alkmaar, and it may- be said also of that between that town and the Zuyder Zee. He now employed himself in fortifying his new position ; still he was under the necessity, notwithstanding the dimi- nution of his force and the severity of the season, of making farther advances, or renouncing his enterprise. As a pre- paratory measure, he dispatched General Don on a mission to the Batavian Directory on the 6th of October; but General Brune not only refused him a passport, but detained him prisoner. The Duke of York therefore directed the advance posts of the front and centre to push forward, in order to prepare and facilitate a general attack which he had in con- templation. The Russians took the village of Baccum ; but, conceiving that the possession of a height beyond it would make them more secure, exceeded their orders by advancing Ih 222 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. Itii TheS^nH to Castricum. UIlCXIM!CtO- One company had plaid clothing; and this was the first formation of the Rifle Brigade in our service. There was at this time attached to every battalion two six-pounders, the requisite number of horses to draw them, and three artillerymen; the other men being supplied by the regiment. These guns went everywhere with their re- spective battalions until embarkation. On the 2d of July Lieutenant-colonel Henry A. Wright PromouonF. retired from the service, and Major Tomlinson Busby was appointed Lieutenant-colonel on the iJd ; Captain F. P. Scott succeeded to the Majority; Lieutenant James Allen to the m MH I, II hi' Ml i ^1, w 228 RECORDS OP" THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. The 2;ith He- gimeiit is quartered in Leweu Bar- racks. Proiriotions. Aij Army under !»ir Ralph Aber- cromliie cm- barks, to annoy tlie Knemy on the coast nf Spain and France. Company, and Ensign Jolni Haniniond to the Lieutenancy on the same day, by purchase. Captain H. G. Barry was promoted to a Majority in the 15th Regiment on the 15th of July; Lieutenant Alex. Prole was appointed to the Company on the 30th, and George Gibbons, gentleman, was appointed Ensign on the 24th of October. Swinley Camp was broken up on the 20th of September, and the troops which composed it marched into country quarters for the winter, leaving their tents standing. The 25th Regiment went to Lewes Barracks, where it was r viewed on the 27th by Major-general Forbes. Ensign W. Bailie was appointed Lieutenant on the 9th of October, vice Prole, promoted. Captain Hamlet Wade was promoted to a Majority, and Lieutenant J. A. Grant to Lieutenant and Adjutant, in the Rifle Corps about this time. Brevet-major Sanmel V. Hinde was appointed to a Ma- jority in the 32d Foot on the 5th of November, and on the same day Bartlett Smith, gentleman, was appointed Ensign, vice Bailie, promoted. On the 11th of December Captain William St. Clair was appointed to a Company, vice Wade, promoted into the Rille Regiment ; and Lieutenant Alexander W. M'Donell was appointed to the Captain-lieutenancy on the 17th, vice St. Clair, promoted. On the 1st of January Ensign John Craig Dumas was superseded, and Ensign Alder- man Skoulding gavvj in his resignation on the 28th. Ensign George Gibbons I'esigned on the 4th April. Towards the close of 1800 a considerable force, under the command of Lieutenant-general Sir Ralph Abercrombie, embarked for the purpose of annoying the Enemy upon the coast of Spain and France, and sailed under convoy of a fleet commanded bv Admiral Lord Keith. This force, after having made an unsuccessful attempt against Ferrol and Cadiz, rendezvoused on the 24th of October in Tetuan Bay^ m RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 229 fc' where the regiments for limited wervice were separated from ison. those for general, and were placed under the orders of Lieutenant-general Sir James Piilteney. Sir Ralph retained those for unlimited service ; to which were added the 44th Regiment from Gibraltar, relieved by the 36th, which was a corps for limited service. Sir Ralph selected the general officers hereafter named to accompany him — viz. Major- general the Hon. J. Hutchinson; Major-generals Coote, Crad- dock, the Hon. G. Ludlow, Moore, and the Earl of Cavan; Brigadier-generals the Hon. John Hope, Stuart, Doyle, Cakes, and Lawson. Adjutant-general the Hon. John Hope, rue trans- l)01*tH With and Quartermaster-general Colonel Anstruther. Their first "le Amy on '--' Ixjnixl, ren- rendezvous was the Bay of Gibraltar, where the whole as- ^hoXy o" sembled accordingly. ^•'^™""'^- On the 2d of November the second division of this fleet sailed for Minorca, to rendezvous afterwards at Malta, for which place the first sli vision, imder Sir Ralph Abercrombie, set sail on the 3d, and arrived on the 30th. Here Admiral Lord Keith joined him on the Ist of December, with the second and third divisions from Minorca. At Malta it was The destina- avowed to the troops that their destination was Egypt. When in Malta, the flank companies of the 4()th, four in number, volunteered for Egypt, and were accepted, and placed imder the conmiand of Colonel Spencer. The whole of the 48th Regiment did the same ; but the weak state of the garrison did not admit of their being taken away. In order to obtain the cooperation of the Turks, it was the Admiral's intention to proceed for the Bay of Maeri ; but finding that port too exposed, and that Rhodc^"^ did not admit large ships, his Lordship put into Marmoricc Bay, one of the best harbours in the world. The first division left Malta on the 20th, and arrived in Marmorice on the 29th December. Jute"nto The second followed on the 2l8t of December, and arrived nay. tion of the fleet is Egypt, ^ 2H0 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. isoi. \l u I I The troops practise landing. on the Ist of January 1801. This port is in Asia Minor. Here the fleet was plentifully supplied with fresh provisions, part 01 which was brought from Maeri and Rhodes. On the 12th of January 1801, the 12th and 26th Light Dragoons arrived in Marmorice Bay from Lisbon. Both regiments, with the exception of the officers, were dis- mounted, as it was expected that the cavalry could obtain horses from the port in this place. But Sir Ralph was much disappointed in his expectations, as the few supplied were of all colours, ages, and sizes ; having their backs and feet in a miserable condition. The Dragoons were so much mortified that they begged to bo allowed to serve on foot; but this could not be permitted by the nature of the service tliey were to be employed on. On the 2l8t, Major-general Coote's brigade, with the re- serve, was placed in all the boats of the fleet, and pushed for the shore, where they landed instantly by way of prac- tice : after which they reembai-ked. This was practised on several occasions by the troops, and ultimately found of the greatest advantage. On the 23d of January Major-general Moore returned from Jaffa, whither he had been sent to ascertain the Gi-and Vi- zier's plans, and to concert measures with him for the ensuing campaign. The result of this mission was very unfavourable ; for he found a disorganised rabble composed of all nations, having no dependence on their officers, and being without magazine of any description ; besides this, the soldiers were affected with the plague, so exterminating in that coimtry. On the 9th of February a tremendous thunderstorm came on, with great quantities of hail, the stones being larger than pigeons' eggs, and a heavy gale sprang up from the south- .^'e8t, which did considerable damage both by sea and land : it continued to blow hard until the break of the following IH RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 231 lor. )ns, (ght loth Idis- Itaiii mch 1801. A Turkish day. Ill the mean time a Turkish General of the name of Campbell arrived : he was a native of Scotland, but having, rivm'^althe at the age of eighteen, killed his antagonist in a duel, he heli-quar- was obliged to leave his country. He fled to Turkey, where he entered the army in the lowest station ; but he rose through successive grades to his present position, having at one time held the rank of Master-general of the Ordnance. He was sent to Marmorice on account of the advantages ex- pected to arise from his knowledge of the English language. Shortly afterwards General Campbell sailed in a British sloop of war for Jaffa, to join the Grand Vizier. On the 17th of February Sir Ralph Abercrombie assembled his general officers on board His Majesty's ship Kent, where he ex- plained his intentions, and gave his final instructions. On the 2Gth of February the convalescents were em- barked, and the fleet, having been previously well supplied with wood and water, was now quite ready to proceed for its destination, supposed to be Aboukir Bay. At this time the disagreeable intelligence was received that the French frigates L'Egyptienne and La Justice had got into Alexan- dria with great quantities of ammunition, and a reinforce- ment of about eight hundred artillerymen. At seven o'clock on the morning of the 22d the signal to unmoor was made by Lord Keith's ship, quickly followed by the signal to weigh. The fleet which was obeyed with alacrity, and the vessels began to ^oi-.nndseta quit the harbour in succession ; but on account of their number (about one hundred and seventy-five), this was not accomplished until five o'clock in the evening, when Rear- admiral Sir Richard Bickerton, who remained to see all out, gave information by signal that all were clear of the land. All sail was now crowded, with a fair wind, until the 25th, when the wind suddenly shifted right ahead, and continued •1 1 c\m 1 1 " 1 1 11 Itmcetewith to increase until the 27th, when it became a gale, and the agaie. : U^l RECORDS OK THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. Th« fleet 4X)me8 to an- chor in Abou- kir Bay. Detailed ac- count of the forces under Bir Ralpli Abercroin- bie. sea rose to such a height that the small craft, such as gun- boats, feluccas, &c., abandoned the fleet during the night, and proceeded for Cyprus ; but the weather having moder- ated on the following day, the wl^ole reassembled and pro- ceeded on their voyage. This day a convoy from England with provisions, escorted by Captain Young in the frigate La Pique, fell in with the fleet. On the evening of the Ist of March land appeared in sight, and the following morning the fleet came to anchor in Aboukir Bay, upon the same ground on which the battle of the Nile had been fought ; for the Admiral's ship chafed her cables against the wreck of L'Orient, or some other French ship sunk in that bat- tle ; she also afterwards fished up an anchor. Here they learned the melancholy i elligence that Major Mackerras, the chief engineer, had bet ii killed, and Major Fletcher, his second, taken prisoner, while reconnoitring in a boat, for which purpose they had b( en sent before the fleet in a fri- gate. Astonishing to relate, the French frigate Reg^n^re, which had been in the midst of the British fleet during the night of the 28th of February, imsuspected, was seen to enter the port of Alexandria on the 1st of March : she had on board six hundi'ed men of the Artillery and two hundred of the Line. Immediately after coming to anchor the troops prepared to laud ; but before they could get into the boats, the wind freshened to a gaJe, which blew directly on the shore, and rem jred the landing impracticable. The force under Lieut. -general Sir Ralph Abercrombie on this occasion consisted of fifteen thousand three himdred and thirty men, including nine hundred and ninety sick, five hundred Maltese prisoners, and all sorts of men attached to the Army, except oificers. This little army was brigaded as follows : t msp '^mmmmmmmmsmm Pip RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 233 The Brigade of Guards was under Major-general Ludlow. The let Brigade consisted of the 2d Battalion Ist Royals ; 2d Battalion 54th Regiment, and the 92d Regiment, and was under Major-general Coote. The 2d Brigade, consisting of the 8th Regiment, 13th Regiment, and 90th Regiment, was under Major-general Craddock. The 3d Brigade, consisting of the 2d or the Queen's, the 50th Regiment, and the 79th Regiment, was under Major-general Lord Cavau. The 4th Brigade, consisting of the 18th or Royal Irish, the 30th Regiment, the 44th Regiment, and the 89th Regiment, was under Brigadier-general Doyle. The 5th Brigade, consisting of the Minorca Regiment, De Rolle's, and Dillon's, was under Major-general Stuart. The reserve, consisting of the 40th flank companies; the 23d, or Welsh Fusiliers; the 28th Regiment ; the 42d, or Royal Highl«,nders ; the 58th Regi- ment ; the Corsican Rangers ; a detachment of the 11th Light Dragoons ; and a detachment of Hompesch's Regiment, was under Major-general ]\Toore. The cavalry, consisting of the 12th Light Dragoons and the 26th Light Dragoons, was under Brigadier -general Finch. The Royal Artillery and Pioneers were under Brigadier-general Lawson. 1801. I) ' CHAPTER XIV. i I' 1 ) 1801. The gale continues to blow. The wcatlior moderating, tlio tro(.p8 are held in readiness to land. ■ ■ The arrange- ments for doing so. i| The gale continued to blow fiuloasly until the 6th, when it moderated ; still the sea ran high, and the surf broke heavily on the shore until the afternoon of the 7th, when the swell began to abate. The weather having become very fine, orders were given for tlie troops to be in readiness to disembark the following morning. The first division consisted of the reserve, under Major-generals Moore and Oakes, the Brigade of Guards, under Major-general Ludlow, and the 2d Battalions of the Royals and of the 54th Regiment, amounting in all to about five thousand men, under the orders of Major-general Coote, with ten pieces of cannon, and artillery in proportion. This force assembled in the boats at two o'clock on the morning of the 8th, and the remainder of the army was put on board ships close to the shore, so that their supporc might be at hand. At three the signal was made for the first division to proceed to its rendezvous near the Mondovis and two other armed vessels stationed in a line opposfta to the shore, and out of gun-shot. Round these the boats were to form, and wait for orders to push for the land. Each flat contained fifty men, besides sailors ; and the soldiers were directed to sit on the bottom of the boats, holding their firelocks between their knees. All the boats in the fleet were engaged either in towing the flats or in carrying troops. About five thou- sand men may have embarked on this occasion, as many as could be conveyed at one time. The bay being shallow near t I •^ RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 235 the shore, the fleet had to anchor so far off that the boats 'S"'' had five miles to row to then* rt.idezvous, so that it was after eight before the line was formed, when the centre boat, in which was Captain the Hon. Cochrane, of the Navy, who superintended the whole, threw out the signal to advance ; whereupon every oar was instantl}' put in motion, pulling ortgerly towards the shore. In the mean time two bomb-vessels threw shell on shore at the Enemy; and two gun-boats and three armed launches kept up a fire of shot for the protection of the assailants, though with little eifect. The line of boats continued to advance, while the Enemy concealed themselves under cover of the sand-hills for a considerable time; but at length, when the boats began to approach the shore, the Enemy suddenly opened a tremendous and well-supported fire from twelve Thn Enemy open a heavy pieces of artillery ranged along the sand-hills and beach, ««!• supported by the Castle of Aboukir. The quantity of shot and shell, and, as the boats neared the shore, the showers of grape and musketry, seemed to cover the surface of the water so completely, that it appeared as if nobody could escape. .. wo boats upon the left were sunk ; and a flat, it» effect. with part of the Coldstream Guards, was struck in the cen- tre by a shell, which, bursting, killed and wounded several men. Some, however, were picked up and saved. Never- theless nothing could dismay the troops, and the boats con- tinued to advance, the men cheering as if certain of victory. The boats took the ground about nine, and several men were shot and bayoneted in the act of stepping out of the boats by the Enemy, who had come to the water's edge to prevent the landing ; but the British landed in spite of all ^^,?^g"^ opposition, and immediately advanced. On the right, the "ftU,""'''^" four flank companies of the 40th and 23d Regiments charged up in the most spirited manner, almost perpendicularly from BSB^ ■i@ i|i; '!ii 231) 1801. The British atlTiinco and drive the Enemy from their po- sition. The French retrent. h The whole army in landed be- fore night, and the RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. the sea-side, and having reached the summit, drove the Enemy, panic-stricken, from their position, and took two guns. The 42d Regiment landed about the centre of the Enemy's line, and having formed as if on parade, instantly pushed up the hill, notwithstanding the fire from two guns and a battalion of infantry, which they charged and drove from their ground; when about two hundred cavalry at- tempted to charge, but ihe 42 d quickly repulsed them. The Brigade of Giiards had scarcely reached the shore when the same body of cavalry, which had rallied imder cover of the sand-hills, suddenly appeared, and attacked them. But the 58th Regiment, ilready on their right, threw in their fire and checked the Enemy. This gave the Guards time to form, when the cavalry retreated with considerable loss. The Royals and 54th Regiment, being in the boats belonging to the transports, did not reach the beach as soon as the rest, but landed just at the time when a column of about six hundred men was advancing with fixed bayonets, through a hollow way, against the left flank of the Guards. The French on seeing them hesitated, and, firing a volley, retreated. The Enemy finding the British in full possession of the heights, and General Coote advancing with the Guards and part of his own brigade, ran from all parts of their position, which they had endeavoured to defend for twenty minutes. They, however, made a stand on the sand- hills in rear, and maintained a scattered fire for about an hour and a half, when they were obliged to retreat, having lost in killed, wounded, and prisoners about four hundred men. One howitzer and six pieces of cannon were taken, while General Martinet was among the killed. The force which opposed the landing was commanded by General Friant, and consisted of about two thousand five hundi'ed men. The boats having immediately returned for RKCOUDS OP THE KINO S OWN nORDEREUS. 2a7 the remainder of the army, the whole were, by the great exertion of the Navy, landed before night. The Enemy re- treated along Lnke Maadieh or Aboukir, having first de- tached one hundred and ninety men to Aboukir Castle. Sir Ralph Abercrouibie, having landed with the second division, took up a position with the whole about three miles from the place of landing, with his right upon the Mediterranean, and his left upon Lake Maadieh. At the same time he occu- pied a battery on the tongue of land at the entrance to the lake, but not in time to prevent the escape of eighty French- men over the ferry. The British lost in this affair several officers and nearly five hundred men> Immediately on the retreat of the French, the British gunboats entered the lake, and provisions and annuiinition were brought by the boats of the fleet, and depots were formed, and good water was fotmd in abundance by digging in the sand about four feet deep. Colonel the Earl of Ualhousie, with the 2d or Queen's Regiment, and four hundred dismounted dragoons, was detached for the reduction of Aboukir Castle, which refused to surrender. On the 9th the wind was high, and no provisions were landed; but it became calm on the follow- ing day, when great quantities of provisions, forage, and other stores were brought by the boats of the fleet along the lake, and landed on the left side of the position. Sir Ralph Abercrombie, having formed ddpot,^ and a hos- pital, moved his army forward to Mondora on the 12th, with little opposition and loss ; but on nearing Mandora, he found the Enemy posted about a mile and a half in advance of the town, Avhon some smart skirmishing took place Avith the French Cavalry, which, however, retreated as the British Infantry continued to advance, until half-past one, when the British halted and took up a position in two lines, extend- ing from the sea to the lake. The Enemy occupied a strong Bnen:y ro- treat along Lake Ma- adieh. Colonel the Earl of Dal- houBio ia cie- tachcd with a force for the rwluo- tionof Almii- kir Cnrtle. Sir Ralph Al)ercrombio moves for- ward to Mandora, ■■ -•■>%.;^.;f.'>n^ ja;*3»s»-v. r 238 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. The Enemy occupy a Btroiig po- sition along a range of hilla. And are re- inforced. Sir Ralph nd- vances with the determi- nation of driving the Enemy from their jx)- sition. position along a range of hills, with their left supported by an old ruin and extending to the sea and their right upon the lake. The British loss this day was only one officer and two men killed, while only four privates and four horses were wounded. The loss of the Enemy was not ascertained ; but it was known they had a colonel severely wounded. It was dis- covered by a reconnoitring party, that the Enemy had re- ceived on the 10th, a reinforcement from Grand Cairo and Rosetta, consisting of two half brigades of infantry and a regiment of cavalry, making their total force about six thou- sand men, of which six hundred were cavalry, with about thirty pieces of cannon. The approach to the Enemy's po- sition was without shelter, like a fine glacis, open to the whole range of their artillery. On the 13th of March Sir Ralph Abercrombie, having determined to drive the Enemy from their position, advanced at half-past six in columns of march, left in front, in the following order : Major-general Lord Cavan's Brigade on the left near the lake, having the 92d Regiment as its advance guard; Major-general Crad- dock's Biigade on its right, having the DOth Regiment as its advance guard. The reserve in two columns on the right, one in reserve near the sea, head of columns being in line; Major-general Coote's Brigade being immediately in rear of General Craddock's. The Guards were in line with the second column of reserve, and Brigadiers-general Stuart and Doyle's Brigade, with the dismounted cavalry, moved in rear of Lord Cavan's Brigade near the lake, where Sir Ralph Abercrombie intended to turn the right of the Enemy. The British had not advanced out of the wood of date- trees in front of Mandora tower, when the Enemy left the heights and moved down by their rigiit, commencing a heavy fire of cannon and musketry upon the 92d Regiment on the i RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 239 H left, and at the same time charging with their cavahy the i*"*!- 90th in front of the centre column. This regiment, undis- mayed, awaited their approach, and firing a volley at their proper distance, completely altered their direction, compell- ing them to skirt along the front, and then retreat with the greatest precipitation. As the English be^an to suffer from Thn Enemy the Enemy s cannon, the whole of the colunuis which were to compose the front line deployed, except the reserve, and the line moved on steadily, driving the Er> •' iy before it in all quarters and on every occasion ; but the movement was slow, because the artillery was drawn by men through the heavy sands. This was a labour of great fatigue ; whereas the Enemy were well supplied with horses, wliereby the movement of their artillery was rapid, and enabled them in their retreat to gallop from hill to hill, taking up fresh posi- tions, and galHno: us greatly by their fire. Nevertheless the Tiie British ^ ' o o o J J ^ pureuothem British pursued them under the walls of Alexandria, where to ^j^^^Y*"* the French rallied upon the heights, and the Britisli halted ""'^""• on a long plain in front of them. The right and left of the British were in some measure sheltered by sand-hills, but the centre was completely exposed to a very heavy fire, not only from the Enemy's field artillery, but from their works also, from which their guns continued to play with the most deadly eff'ect. Sir Ralph Abercrombie now reconnoitred, for the purpose of ascertaining whether, if the Enemy were forced from their position, it would be pi'acticable to main- tain it, or whether they could be followed into the town. Both being considered very doubtful, for want of artillery, the British withdrew at sunset, and occupied the position from which the Enemy had been driven. Our loss on this occasion was estimated at one thousand one hundred in killed and wounded ; whereas that of the French did not exceed seven hundred. The British took one howitzer and ^m \\ ^ w, 1801. Disposition of the Brit- ish troops on the 14th of Mflrch. Colonel nrice, of tlio Guards, misses his way, anil is killed. Abonltir (luKtle 811 r- rendem. RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. four guns ; and, but for the superiority of the Enemy's ca- vahy (six hundred well mounted, to two hundred upon the most miserable and ill-trained horses), the whole of their artillery must have been captured that took the field. The Enemy's superioi-ity in artillery was still greater, as they had in the field about forty pieces of cannon, most of them cur- ricle guns drawn by excellent horses ; whereas the few the British possessed were dragged with much difficulty through the heavy sands by soldiers and sailors. The British force in the field was about 14,000, that of the French about 7000. On the 14tli the British position was occupied as fol- lows : The first line consisted of the reserve on the right, close to the sea; the Guards, and Major-general Coote's Brigade, on a hill in the centre ; and Major-general Crad- dock's Brigade on a plain on the left, near the canal of Alexandria. The second line was composed of Brigadier- general Stuart's Brigade on the right. Brigadier-general Doyle's in the centre, and Major-general Lord Cavan's on the left. The movmted cavalry of the reserve were posted in a hollow, through which the road from Alexandria to Abotikir passes. This day the Castle of Aboukir was com- pletely invested, five twenty-four poimders and a few mortars having been landed and brought against it. Several fine Turkish horses having been sent by the Grand Seignior from Constantinople, Sir Ralph Abercrombie presented one to each of his generals. On the night of the 15th Colonel Brice of the Guards, being field-officer on duty, in gcing his rounds missed his way, and was killed by one of the Enemy's vedettes. Camp equipage was now issued very sparingly ; tents, which could contain but fifteen men each, were distributed for every thirty-nine. On the 17th of March Aboukir Castle surrendered ; the garrison as pri- Honerh of war, but the officers were permitted to retain their I 1 I RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BOEDERERS. 241 1 swords. The guns found in the castle were extremely fine, being generally of brass. On the 18th, about three in the afternoon, a small party of the Enemy's cavalry and infantry was observed recon-» noitring on the canal of Alexandria, on the left of the British. This interrupted some Arabs who were bringing provisions to the camp ; but now the British Cavalry, only a few in number, instantly mounted, under the command of Colonel Archdal of the 12th Dragoons, and having set off at full speed, soon came up with the Enemy and chai'ged through them. The infantry, however, having taken post, concealed behind the parapet of an old redoubt, opened a destructive fire upon our cavahy, which was at the same time charged by the French, who had wheeled about, whereby the British lost in killed, wounded, and taken prisoners, thirty-three men anc forty-two horses, and Colonel Archdal lost his arm. At half-past three on the morning of the 21st, Avhen the British were getting under arms, according to custom, an hour before daylight, they were alarmed by a fire of mus- ketry on the left of their position ; this they took to be a feint to harass them and try their alertness. However, as it continued for some time, with now and then a cannon- shot, Brigalier Stuart commenced his march to support the point attacked ; but he soon halted, in consequence of a heavy fire of cannon and musketry which commenced on the right of the British. He afterwards directed his course to the support of the troops in that quarter, where it afterwards turned out the Enemy's most serious effort was intended. Their disposition was as follows : Genei'al Lanusse's division, forming their left wing, advanced rapidly against the right of the British, with the intention of turning it, and driving them into Lake Maadieh : had they succeeded, this would probably have been the result. General Sylly's brigade 1801. Loss sus- tained by our cavftlry. The Enemy attack the British po- sition. Disposition oftheFrennh troops. I'''i»i^; ii!l 1! :li Iff 1801. The French plan of at- taok. The Enemy Is repulsed. Tlie French Qi'nernl de- termines t<) make one last effort. 242 RECORDS OF THE KINCi'S OWN BORDERERS. marched straight up to a redoubt near the right of the British, while another brigade, under General Valintin, pro- ceeded along the sea-side with the intention of penetrating between it and the ruins of the Palace of the Caesars. Ge- neral Sylly's brigade succeeded in taking possession of a small redan in which there was a gini, but was soon driven from it by the hot fire of the fort. The brigade by the side of the sea was arrested by a brisk fire from the ruins occu- pied by the 23d and 58th Regiments, with the flank com- panies of the 40tli, and was nearly annihilated by the fire from a twenty-four-pounder loaded with grape, which took the French in flank ; whereupon the other brigade hesitated to advance, when General Lanusse, in endeavouring to rally his men and to push them on, had his thigh shot off" by a cannon-ball, when confusion ensued, and the column dis- persed. General Sylly's brigade, not being able to clear the ditch of the redoubt, attempted to turn it, but was repulsed by the 28th Regiment. In the mean time General Rampon's division attacked the centre of the British, and endeavoured to tvtrn the left of the Brigade of Guards ; but it was so warmly received by the 3d Guards and by the Royals, that it retired after a sharp contest with great loss. On the right, General Destin penetrated through a hollow on the left of the redoubt, and endeavoured to gain the ruins, whex-e he was warmly received by the 42d; he then attempted to withdraw, but one of his battalions having advanced too far was surrounded by the 42d and 58th Regiments, and obliged to siu'render. Repulsed in every quarter, the French infantry at length gave way, and dispersed in every direc- tion behind the sand-hills. At this junctiu'e the French General -in -chief Menou, foiled in all his attempts, deter- mined on making one last desperate effort, and for this purpose ordered the main body of his cavalry, under Briga- T 1 ( RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 243 1801. dier-general Roize, to charge, supported by General Regnier at the head of his division of infantry. General Roize twice remonstrated, convinced of the impracticability of the at- tempt ; but being peremptorily ordered, he sent on General BouBsart Avith two regiments, who charged with all the fury of men certain of being sacrificed, and broke through the 42d Regiment, reaching as far as the British tents, when they became entangled among the cords, and overset into holes made by the British before their camp-equipage was landed, so that most of them were either killed or wounded The Enemy is again re- by the Minorca Regiment, who came up from the second p"1«^- line at this juncture to support the 42d. After this the second line of French cavalry, under General Roize, consist- ing of three regiments, made a despei-ate charge upon these two regiments, and, as it would have been impossible for them to withstand the shock, they deliberately opened and oaiinnt oon- let the Enemy through ; then instantly facing about, poured 421 ami upon them a volley, and kept up such an incessant fire as Regiments. brought numbers of their assailants to the ground, and the whole of those who attempted to return were either killed, wounded, or made prisoners. The General was killed. In the first charge a standard was taken by the 42d ; this, however, was afterwards lost; but, in the second charge, a standard was taken by a private of the Minorca, or Queen's a standnrd . istakenfroni German Regiment, which was retained. General Beaudot the Frcncii. was mortally wounded; and when the broken remains of the French Cavali-y formed in rear of their infantry, not a tenth part of those who had charged were forthcoming. About this period Sir Ralph Abercrombie received a sir Rnipi» , ,. , ,..., I'll • 11- Abcrurombio mortal wound 111 the hip-joint, wliicli deprived his army 01 is mortaiiy a beloved and distinguished commander; but no entreaty could prevail on him to quit the field until he perceived the Enemy in full retreat. wounded. I' H 244 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. t 1801. The Enemy retreats, and the British gain the victory. The French reoccupy the city of Alex- andria. Death of Sir Ralph Aber- crombie. The British troops an^ reviewed by After the last effort of their cavalry, the French remained drawn up in order of battle out of musket-shot, apparently undetermined what to do ; during this period a heavy fire of ordnance was kept up from both sides, and by the rifle- men in fi'ont. At length the Enemy, who were losing a number of men to no purpose, commenced their retreat about half-past nine o'clock, and hy ten the fire on both sides had completely ceased ; and thus a glorici-s victory terminated for the British, whose loss was computed at one thousand four hundred and sixty-four in killed, wounded, and missing. The loss of the Enemy must have been more than double that number, as one thousand one hundred and sixty French- men were buried by the British within their vedettes. Generals Lanusse, Roize, and Beaudot were among the slain, and Generals Destin, Sylly, and Eppler among the woimded. The British Commander was mortally wounded, and Major-general Moore, Brigadier -general the Honour- able John Hope (Adjutant -general to the Army), Briga- dier-generals Oakes and Lawson, were wounded also, but recovered. Occasionally, during the action, the British were in great distress for ammunition; this was caused by the want of conveyance to bring it up from the rear. The British rested on their arms all night ; and the French reoccupied the lines and city of Alexandria. Sir Ralph Abercrombie was conveyed on board Lord Keith's ship the Foudroyant, where he died on the 28th of March 1801. On the 25th the Capi- tan Pasha anchored in Aboukir Bay with five sail of the line, having on board about five thousand Turkish and Albanian troops; but the Grand Vizier, with his division, had not yet passed the Destrt. The Capitan Pasha having expressed a desire to see the British troops, the whole turned out under arms, and were RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 245 ready to receive him at noon on the 2d of April. He I'o^e ^j^^ ^.^^'j^^^ along the lines accompanied by General Hutchison, upon x^keyf whom the command had devolved since the death of Sir Ralph Abercrombie, and was followed by a numerous suite splendidly dressed, and mounted on beautiful horses richly caparisoned. He was saluted by twenty-one guns on enter- ing and quitting the camp. The British Commander having resolved on opening a communication with the Nile, detached Colonel Spencer on the 5th with four thousand Turkish troops, the 58th Regi- ment, the four flank companies of the 40th, thirty men of Hompesch's Dragoons mounted, and three pieces of cannon. On the 6th this division was reinforced by the Queen's Regiment, making of British a thousand men. This day Colonel Spencer crossed lake Aboukir at its entrance, and reached near the village of Etko, where he encamped on his route to Rosetta. The supplies brought to the camp before Alexandria by the Arabs having ceased for two or three days, Colonel Cameron of the 79th Regiment, with two hundred infantry and fifty cavalry, was sent along the canal, and proceeded considerably beyond Bedah without having met the slightest opposition, in consequence of which the Arabs came in with provisions as heretofore, finding the British masters of the country. On the 10th the 2d Battalion Royals marched from Alex- andria to ioin Colonel Spencer's corps. The siege of Alex- The siege ot '' r r o Alexandria andria was now to be converted to a blockade, under the js converted into a block- command of Major-general Coote ; and General Hutchison *^*' having determined upon securing the position occupied for this purpose, and having ascertained that the lake of Aboukir, which was bounded on the west by the canal of Alexandria, was considerably higher than the ground west 246 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. i AnJiTiakeia *'^*^® CEiial (being the bed of the old lake Mareotis), di- PTOteSthe '"ected a working party of the 2l8t to commence cutting British flank, ^j^j.^^gi^ ^lic canal ; this was effected on the 13th, when the water rushed through with extraordinary violence, and in a few days covered a tract of ground to the westward as far as the eye could see, protecting the left flank of the British, and, having become ultimately ten feet deep, it enabled the British gunboats find armed launches to enter the new lake and annoy the Enemy. In consequence of the formation of this lake the Arabs were cut off from bringing provisions to the British camp, whereby the General was induced to establish a ferry across the cut in the canal ; this was found to answer the purpose. The blockading army having been thus secured, the 18th and i)Oth Regiments marched on the 13th to join Colonel Spencer, and in the mean time his division entered Rosetta on the 14th without opposition ; the Enemy having aban- The Enemy doned the towu and crossed the Nile to Fouah, leaving Fort abandons ^ " the town of JuHau near the mouth of the river to its own resources. In Rose'vla. the moan time the British and Turkish gunboats entered the Nile ; whereupon the Enemy's gunboats retreated under the guns of the fort, the siege of which was committed to Colonel the Earl of Dalhousie with the Queen's Regiment. The fort surrendered on the 19th, after a gallant defence, and upon the same conditions as Aboukir Castle. The gun- boats of the Allies had a skirmish with those of the Enemy dining the siege, when three of the French were sunk and one blown up. On the 17th the 30th and 89th Regiments marched from before Alexandria to join Colonel Spencer, now encamped upon the heights of Aboumandom, near Rosetta ; and this division was followed next day by the 8th and 79th Regi- ♦l Hi Mi RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 247 ments, under the orders of Major-general Craddock and Bri- gadier-general Doyle. On the 24th the Commander-in-chief left the blockade of Alexandria to Major-general Coote, and proceeded to the Army on the Nile, which had marched upwards as far as El Hamed. On the 5th of May General Hutchison moved forward wii^h the British from El Hamed in two columns; the right, under General Craddock, by the beach of lake Etko ; the left, under Brigadier-general Doyle, by the bank of the Nile, and took post on the canals north of the village of Deirout. The Turkish division, under the Capitan Pasha, was about two miles in front of the British; Colonel Stewart of the 89th Regiment, with that corps and twelve hundred Albanians, was sent across the river to advance parallel with the main body, and prevent the Enemy from passing at Fouah to annoy the gunboats of the Allies, whereof about fifty had entered the river and reached the Army. On the 7th the Allies advanced to El Aft, from which the E'rench had retreated, although they had rendered it very strong by batteries and regular entrenchments. During their retreat Colonel Stewart cut off thirteen germs (open boats) loaded with rice and other stores. The French General, La Grange, retired towards Ramanieh with his division, con- sisting of about four thousand five hundred men, whereof nine hundred were the flower of the cavalry. On the Dth General Hutchison moved from El Aft towards the Enemy, who were posted near the fort of Ramanieh, behind the canal of Alexandria ; the cavalry was on the right near the river, and their left was protected by a low fort mount- ing four guns. The detachment under Colonel Stewart marched at five in the morning to attack the French at Dessouk, while the main Army was to assault them at Ra- manieh. About six o'clock Colonel Stewart perceived a re- 1801. Tho BritiHh inarch up- wards OH f ai' lis El Hnmofl , from whence they move and take post north of the village of Ueirout, The Allies advance to El Aft, fronj which tho French had retreated. 248 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. Ml! t * I All nigHgc- inoiit takes place ; the French re- treat. Disposition of the com- bined forces. The Turkish cavalry fall back in great confusion, coimoitring party of the Enemy's cavalry, and soon after- wards a party of about four hundred grenadiers, light artil- lery, and cavalry, advanced to attack the SOth Regiment, commanded by Colonel Lord Blaney, who was unsupported ; whereupon Colonel Stewart took up a position to wait for the cooperation of the gunboats, under Captain Curry of the Navy. The Albanians, in the mean time, having arrived, a sk'rmish ensued, upon which Lord Blaney advanced with the 89th to cut off the Enemy's retreat, and the artillery having advanced to his support, he was enabled to gain the Enemy's rear. A sharp conflict then took place, and the French, being supported by a hot fire from two of their batteries on a small island, were enabled to cross the river by means of their boats, and join the main body. Li this affair one of the British gunboats and one of the French were sunk, but the Enemy's boats were forced to retire to Ramanieh, whereby seventy -three boats, loaded with pro- visions and other stores, fell into the hands of the British. An irregular fire of musketry was kept i-;^ during the night, and a French gunboat, in attempting to escape, was cap- tured, having a quantity of powder on board. While this affair took place, the combined forces were drawn up, the Turks on the left, witli their flank upon the river ; the British on the right, under General Craddock, while General Doyle's division formed the second line. The British Cavalry were stationed in front of the right, the Turks before the centre. About noon the Enemy's cavalry advanced towards the main body of the Allies, halted, and drew up ai order of battle. The Allies now advanced in the order mentioned, the Turkish Cavalry keeping the French riflemen in complete check, until the Enemy brought a gun to bear upon them, when they fell back in great confusion, and could not be induced to show themselves during the whole day. But the Turkish Infantry ir UECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BOIiDEREUS. 249 persevered, and forced the Enemy to give way until they arrived at the canal of Alexandria, which the French had abandoned. Here the Allies took post ; but towards evening the French attacked the Turks with a body of troops and drove them in ; whereupon General Craddock and General Doyle's brigades made a movement to their left and covered their retreat, and some Bi-itish light infantry having been sent in front, soon compelled the Enemy to fall back with loss, when the night put an end to the affair. The loss of the Allies did not exceed twenty men, while that of the p]nemy must have been more considerable. The Enemy, conscious of inability to retain their position, and apprehen- sive of being taken in the rear by the combined gunboats, retreated during the night, with expedition, towards Cairo, when several germs loaded with provisions and amnumition fell into the hands of the Allies, and about a hundred men left in the fort of Ramanieh. The following day a number of sick and invalids also surrendered. As General Hutchison apprehended the plague had lately been raging in the towns of Ramanieh and Damanhour, they were gari*isoned by Tm'ks, who preferred quarters to the field. On the 11th the combined Army moved forward twelve miles along the bank of the river, and took post at Chebreket, while Colonel Stewart placed himself immediately opposite. However, to render the pursuit more easy. General Hutchi- son now ordered the men's knapsacks to be placed in germs, which were to follow the Army. On the 12th he reached Kafr-Houdig, but owuig to the wind the flotilla could not follow, and he was obliged to remain there until the 14th, when he again advanced, and encamped between the villages of Kafi'-Lahaiss and Shabour ; Colonel Stewart with his corps halting in front of Benoufar. In this position a convoy of 1801. but the Turkldi In- fantry force tho Enemy to give way. The coni- bincKl Army moves for- ward in pur- suit, and tnlces post at Chebreket. •m; i 250 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. seventy germs with provision, ainmtinition, and clothing for the French troops, and about 5000^. in specie, fell into the hands of the Allies, as well as two hundred men by whom it was escorted. On the 15th General Hutchison marched to Surat and Wanghit ; luid the main body on the following day advanced to Algani, and Colonel Stewart to Nadir. On the 17th an Ai*ab arrived in General Hutchison's camp with intelligence that a body of the Enemy had left Alex- andria on the 13th, with the intention of joining General La Grange in Grand Cairo. The British In consequence, General Doyle, who volunteered this ser- and tnko vicc, was sciit iuto the desert to intercept them with his own two hmulred oftheDro- brigade and tlie few cavalry that could be spared. About oth^r'de.'*** one in the afternoon the cavalry, about two hundred and theSiemy? fifty in nuinber, came in sight of the French force, which consisted of two hundred of the Dromedary Corps, three hundred infantry, and seventy artillerymen, with one field- piece, having in charge four hundred and sixty camels for carrying forage. A flag of truce was immediately sent to Colonel Cavaliei', by whom they were commanded; at first he refused to re- ceive it, or come to any terms. However, after some hesi- tation, he slu-rendered the whole without resistance, and the infantry came up much fatigued just as the Enemy had capitulated. On the 10th of this month about twenty store- ships and victuallers arrived in Abouldr Bay from England and Malta, having on board the 1st Battalion 27th Regiment, and five hundred recruits and convalescents for different corps in the Army. On landing, the 27th marched for Rosetta. On the 20th General Hutchison received information that a Turkish corps, under Ibrahim Pasha of Aleppo, had entered The French Damictta ; wliercupon the French evacuated the strong fort evacuate El _ _ _ _ ° Eebeh. The of El Esbch, Well Supplied with ammunition and provisions. ^ A RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 251 tor the liotn 3hed La ■ and which commanded the entrance of the Nile. Tlie gani- 8on, amounting to about seven hundred men, being unable to join General La Grange's division, which had retreated to Cairo, endeavoured to proceed down the Nile to Alex- andria, but the greater part were made prisoners in their attempt. On the 19th a Turkish officer arrived at Algam with intelligence of a victory gained by the Vizier over the French at El Hanka, within six miles of Cairo. His Highness having assembled a force of fifteen thousand infantry and about three thousand cavalry at Balbeis, entrenched himself there with a determination to await an attack from General Belliard, who it was supposed would march out of Cairo to force him back before the arrival of the British to support him. On the 30th of April Major Hope, of the British artil- lery, was sent to summon the town of Cairo to surrender; but General Belliard, who had now been reinforced by all his outposts, possessed in Cairo a force of upward of eight thousand men, from which he selected on the 15th of May four thousand infantry aid one thousand cavalry, with w'lich, and thirty pieces of cannon, he marched out to attack the Vizier. The Grand Vizier, apprised of the Enemy's approach, de- termined to meet them, and ordered Fahir Pasha, with two thousand cavalry and a few pieces of cannon, to advance and observe the Enemy's movements. Before daylight he met the French advancing in a wood ; both halted till daylight, when the skirmishing commenced, and the Tui'ks held their ground luitil the main body came up. A sharp engagement then ensued, which having lasted for eight hours, the French thought proper to retreat, but in very good order and without being pursued. The loss on both sides was very inconsiderable. On the 30th Mourad Bey sent a messenger to Algam with IhOl. gMrrinon are maile prl- goiieni. Tho TiirkH giiin a vic- tory ovor the French at El- Unnka. The town of (;«iro issnm- monixl to HiUTcndcr. ii'ir mifvM'iij 252 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. It i» joined by the Mamelukes. i intelligeucb of the approach of the Mamelukes und*)»* his orders, to Occardan, for the purpose of joining the British. The Allied Oii the Ist of Juuc the AlHed Army moved forward about foward'and* three miles at daylight, and encamped near the village of MiBhtee. Mislitee, and in the evening Osman Bey Tambourge arrived with his Mamelukes and about one thousand two hundred men, and took post between Ferrouch and Bourageat. Tbey were far more splendidly caparisoned than the European cavalry, ond their tents were eqiially costly and convenient. The Mamelukes, taken individually, as light troops, are the most expert horsemen in the w^orld ; but having no know- ledge of tactics, and seldom acting in a body, they could not succeed against Europeans. On the 30th of Maj- c'ght men died of the plague at Aboukir, and three medical gentlemen were seized by it at the same time, one of wliom, Mr. Allan, fell a victim to bin zeal and attention to his duties, after an illness of only seventeen hours. On the ist of June General Hutchison directed Major-general Coote to send to him a re- inforcement, consisting of the 28th and 42d Regiments, one hundred and twenty men of the artillery and sixty mounted dragoons. These accordingly marched on the 4th from be- fore Alexandria, under the command of Brigadier-general Oakes, who had scarcely recovered from the wounds he had received on the 2 Ist March, and proceeding along the canal of Alexandiia until they reached Ramanieh, traced the banks of the Nile, until they reached Greneral Hutchison's division At this period there was a great scarcity of specie among the British troops here and befo'-e Alexandria, in consequence of the military chest having been completely exhausted; this induced the Arabs to discontinue bringing i>rovi8ion& to the camp to a considerable degree, wherfel>y the troops were the sufferers. A French lu cousequonce of a small French vessel mounting ten RECORE." OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS, 253 guns having been captured and brought into Aboukir Bay 'wj|- on the 6th, having on board General Dumas and the Ordon- ^]JJ^|"*' '* nateur-in-chief Doure, it was ascertained that on the night of the 3d of May the French Commander-in-chief had caused these two officers, with General Regnier and several others, to be seized by force and conducted on board the Good Union (above described) and the brig Lodi, but the latter escaped to France, in con^.Qquence of her superior sailing. It was also ascertained that Admiral Gantheainne, with a squadron of four sail of the line, a frigate, a sloop, and five transports, the men-of-war having on board between three and four thousand troops in a sickly condition, had been hovering off the coast for some time, but having come to anchor too far to the westward of Alexandria for the troops to be able to march to that garrition, he was therefore obliged to put to sea again. The t; ansports were captured by Lord Keith on the 7th, and found to contain only artists of all kiud.i, florists and gardeners, &c., and a company of comedians for the amuse- ment of the garrison. Major-general Hutchison having determined on the siege ^'**^°' of Cairo, in conjinictKni with the Mamelukes and Tiukish force, marched on the 4th June from Mishtee, and encamped at the village of Lockmas, and from thence the following day to Gv ;ardan. Here they halted during the Gth, and on the 7th proceeded beyond El Gatta, in three columns ; the Mam- t hikes forming t' e right column, the British the centre, and the Turks under the Capitan Pasha the left, which reached l^l^^J^^^^' near the Nile ; while the army Uiider the Grand Vizier ^""hM''''" marched along the Damietta branch of the river, conforming iVuXtu .,, „, 'ii 1 I'l l)fftnoh of With the movements ot the mam body on the north side. the nuo. On the 8th General Hutchison moved forward about three miles to the southward of the point of the Delta, and 254 RECORDS OF THE KINO's OWN BORDERERS. 1801. took his ground near the village of Burtos, where the whole force destined to act against Cairo was concentrated. At coniniunioa. the Same time a free and ready communication was estab- tioii is estab- theGrrnd*' lisl^©'^ ^J ^^ excellent bridge of pontoons with the Grand Irmy!" VizicrH army, encamped at Eckarlahau on the opposite side. While in this position tAvo himdred men of the 86th Regi- ment, under the command of Colonel Lloyd, joined on the 10th Colonel Stewart's division, attached to the Vizier's army ; and these were the forerunners of the long-expected reinforcements from India. On the 14th General Hutchison moved about three miles in front of the village of Saael, and on the 16th advanced with his army to a position just oiit of reach of the shot from the Enemy's works before Cairo. On the same day he was joined by the 22d and 42d Regi- ments, which had marched from Alexandria iu twelve days. The Grand Vizier also moved forAvard on the right bank of the river, and both armies commmiicated by means of a bridge of pontoons placed, a short time before, beloAV them at the village of Damanhour. On the 21st General Hutchison invested the town of Ghizeh, on the left bank of the river immediately opposite to Cairo, and the Grand Vizier made a corresponding move- ment, and took post close to the Enemy's outworks on the opp(^)site bank. Some slight skirmishing, in which the Mame- lukes distingiiished themselves, took place in the evening on both banks of the Nile. In the mean time active prep'-'.ra- tions wei'e making for the intended siege, by sending up the Nile heavy guns and quantities of ammunition and stores. Major-per. Ou the 22d Major-geiieral Craddock was appoin+3d to iipiwintcd'to command the British forces serving with the combined army, the com- ii-i.i • ti-i- British' ""' ^ brigade was given to Brigadier-general Hope. Colonel forces Abercrombie succeeded General Hope as Adjutant -general, and Captain Taylor of The 2r)th Regiment, Aide-de-camp to Oeii(>ral Hutchison investe the town of Qhizeh. U RECORDS OF THE KIXO'S OWN BORDERERS. 255 the Commander-in-chief was appointed Deputy-adjutant- isoi. general. On the same day General Belliard, who commanded the oevcrai •' _ _ Bollianl snr- garrison of Cairo, finding himself sui-rounded on all sides, and piJ"'ofc*'iro liis communication with the country entirely cut off, sent a flag of truce to General Hutchison's outposts, requesting a conference between a French and British officer, for the sur- render of Cairo and its dependencies. To this the British Commander assented, and Brigadier-general Hope was ap- pointed to meet a French General of brigade at one o'clock in the afternoon of the same day ; but as some time was necessary to communicate with the Grand ^'^izier, the meet- ing did not take place until eleven o'c. ock on the following day. Immediately after the termination of the first confer- ence on the 23d, orders were issued for a cessation of hos- cossation of host:"*ies. tilities. The conference continued without intermission until the 28th, when a convention was signed for the surrender of Tormsofsnr. . lender. the city and its dependencies, by which the French were allowed seventeen days for their final evacuation, when they wre to march down to Rosetta with their arms, ai'tillery, and baggage, to be there embarked as soon as possible, but in fifty days at farthest, on board vessels to be furnished at the sole expense of the Allied Powers; and they farther stipu- lated that they were to be conveyed to a French port. The combined forces were immediately put in possession of the Gate of Ghizeh and the Fort of SulliOAvsky. On the yth of xiie French July the French evacuated Cairo and Boulak, according to <-'a'ro- capitulation, when the 8i)th "Regiment was posted in the citadel. About the 14th of May the news of Sir Ralph Abercrom- News of sir •' '^ Ralph AU>r- bie's landing in Egypt, of his successes up to the 21at of ^,^^"{1''''''* March before Alexandria, and the melancholy tidings of his ^^^^a. death on the 7th of April, were received in London from - ^^••'■•••wHH Mfl'l 1 256 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. Major-general Hutchison ; wherenpon reinforcementB were directed to be got in readiness for embarkation, consisting of the 22d Light Dragoons (dismounted), from Cork ; and the 24th, 25th, and 2(Jth Regiments of Foot, from Chatham, Plymouth, and Portsmouth. These three Regiments embarked on board three sixty- four -gun ships — the Monmouth, the Agincourt, and the Madras. All these were fitted up with spar decks for the piu-pose. The 25th Regiment, then quartered in Lewes (Sussex), was summoned by a trumpeter from the Horse Guards, at foiu' o'clock on the morning of the KHh of May, to proceed to Portsmouth for embarkation. This it did immediately, and was quartered for a few days in Hilsea barracks, until ThP2r)th the Agincourt was got ready, when it went on board upon embarks for the 27th, and Bailed immediately with a fair wind. When Egypt. -' ^ off Plymoiith, on the 4th of June, The Regiment heard the guns firing i;i honour of George the Third's birthday. We rendezvoused in Gibraltar Bay, and there fell in with the Madras, having on board the 26th ReginibuL We sailed the following day, when each ship made the best of her way for Malta, where both arrived on the same day. Here the Captain of the Madras was landed ; in consequence of which the First Lieutenant of the Agincoiu't was placed in com- mand of the Madras, and both ships proceeded as before for itBrrivesin Aboukir Bav, wliere they arrived on the 9th of July, when Abouk.'r *' *' "^ both Regiments were immediately disembarked y the boats of Lord Keith's fleet, and joined the division under the command of Major-general Coote before Alexandria. These ships brought a considerable sum of money, of which the Army stood much in need; and Colonel Graham, of the 90th Regiment, came passenger in the Agincourt. On the pre- ceding day the Active frigate, having on board one hundred Bay. !_.__ RECORDS OP THE KINQ's OWN BORDERERS. 257 1801. 1 and fifty men of the Coldstream Guards, arrived in the Bay. The following is an extract from the journal of an Officer of the 13th Regiment: • Thursday, 9th July, Camp east of Alexandria. ' The 25th and 26th Regiments have arrived from England, which fhe*j^rnT the;, left on the 31st of May; they are nearly 1100 rank and file, and of the mh"" extremely healthy. The 24th Regiment is hourly expected, as, al- ^®^'"^"''- though it sailed eight days after the former, it had passed the Gut of Gibraltar six hours before tliem. The Madras and Agincourt brought the two above-named corps, and, having all their guns, they will join the Fleet immediately. ' Saturday, Uth July. ' The 25th Regiment landed ; and having their camp-equipage with them, encamped at about 12 o'clock on the right of De Roll's Regiment in the 2d line, and are attached to the 1st Brigade, under Major-general Finch ; a remarkably fine body of men, and near 700 rank and file. ' Tuesday, 11th August. * The General Orders of this day mention the Brigade of Guards, and 1st and 2d Brigades of the Line, to be in readiness to move at the shortest notice.' On the i4th the Monmouth arrived with the 24th Regi- ment (for whose safety apprehensions were entertained), which was disembarket. immediately, and placed in the 2d line. On the 18th a convoy arrived from Minorca and Malta, having on board two battalions of the 20th Regiment, the Ancient Irish Fencibles, and the Lorrenstein Chasseurs ; and on the 24:th the 22d Light Dragoons arrived from Cork. All were disembarked forthwith, when the blockading army was increased to nine thousand effective men. The Vizier having occupied Grand Cairo with part of The Grand the Ottoman forces, the British and the remainder of the piosCa'Jrn"' luid the Biit- Turks proceeded down the Nile on the 15th of July for Ro- »,"■' r"'"<^''«i ' *' down the setta, on their way to the camp before Alexandria, followed ^"*''° '''"''^ 258 RECORDS OP TITE KING S OWN BORDERERS, 1801. \)y flie Frencli Array under General Belliiird, in two coluinns, way to the >/ J ' ' AUxatiHria? ^s prisoners of war, for the purpose of being embax'ked for France ; they appeared to consist of about eight thousand fighting men. On their arrival at Rosetta, the French were embarked as fast as possible, the embarkation taking place principally on the 1st and 2d of August. On the 16th of July an officer arrived, announcing that General Baird, with the Army from India, had reached Kenneh, a fertile place on the banks of the Nile, a considerable distance above Cairo, which they reached on the 7tli of August, and Rosetta on the 31st of the same month. On the 3d of August a convoy arrived from Aboukir Bay, having on board the Cliasseurs Britanniqucs and the Regi- ment of Wattevilie, being in all one thousand six himdred men. On the 9th General Doyle's Brigade arrived from Cairo before Alexandria, whereupon the following distribu- tion of troops took place : General Haird, with an Army from India, joins the British forces. P's'j"'''ution ^ciB arrnnr/cment for hngadlng the Army under Lieut.-general John ish forces be- fore Alex- andria. Heahj Hiiichison, K.B. ; Camp before Alexamlria, Qth of Angvi^t 1801 ; Major-general Coote second in command. BRIGADES, HEGIMENTS, AND COUI BiiRoilo of Guards : Major-general the Earl of Cavan. Coldstream Guards .... ltd Repiment, ilitto .... First Brigiule : Major-general the Hon. Ludlow. 35tli Reginient •i7Mi „ 1st Battalion •'7tU „ 2d „ 44v>i „ Carried forwanl 6.52 fi90 1526 688 46.'> 834 i 1142 18f,:) 3005 NAMRS OF BRIOADE- MAJOM. Brigade-major Carey. Brignile-major Ramsay. RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWxV BORDERERS. 259 New aiTangement for brigading the Army (continued). BRIGADES, REOIMENTS, AND CORPS. Brought forwoKl Second Brigade : Major-general the Hon, Finch. 2d Battalion Royals .... 26th Regiment 54th „ 1st Battalion . rAth „ 2d „ . . Third or Foreign Brigade : Brigadier Stewart. Stewart's Brigade .... De Roll's „ .... Dillon's ,, .... Watteville's „ .... Fourth Brigade : Brigadier-general the Hon. Hope. 8th Regiment 18th „ 79th „ 90th „ Fifth Brigade : Biigadier-general Doyle. 30th Regiment 50th , 89th 92d , Sixth Brigade : Brigadier-general Blake. 20th } agiment, 1st Battalion .... 2d „ .... 24th „ Ancient Irish Fencibles Reserve : Major-general Moore ; Brigadier-general Cakes, 2d Regiment, or Queen's 28th 42d 58th 40th „ Flank Company .... 2.Sd , Rifle Corps Chasseurs Britanniques Corsican Rangers Total .... ^ '%"^ S^ 3 352 4;i8 ;.81 384 690 383 393 572 285 293 434 437 269 337 311 414 604 484 438 420 82/ 338 490 238 140 343 397 595 60 3006 1555 2038 1449 1331 1946 2928 14,252 NAMES OP BllIQADE- MAJORS. Brigade-major Popham. Brigade-major Masset. Brigade-major M'Kenzie. Brigade-major Sutton. 1801. Brigade-major Chatterton. Brigade-major De Bowles. 2C0 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. It is deter- mined to in- veHt Alex- andria closely. General Coote, with a division of the Army, embarks in the boats of the fleet, for the purpose of landinp- to the west- ward of the Island of Marabout. On the 15th of August several large Turkish gunboats entered the inundation, now called the Lake Mareotis, and the Capitan Pasha went round to Rosetta to collect more vessels of the same description. On the 11th Brigadier-ge- neral Hope, with his brigade, arrived in the camp before Alexandria, and the last division of the French from Cairo sailed for France on the same day. It having been deter- mined on the 12th to invest Alexandria closely, and cut off the communication with the desert i>n the west, the flotilla of gunboats, consisting of twenty- four, entered Lake Mare- otis on the 13th, and anchored abreast of the French. On the same day, the Reserve, under Major-general Moore, marched into the camp before Alexandria, and the French remained under arras all that night expecting an attack. The Commander-in-chief having arrived in the camp on the 15th from the flag-ship, where he had been paying a visit to Lord Keith, it was arranged that General Coote, the second in command, with the Brigade of Guards and the first and second of the Line (see preceding page), amounting to about four thouHand rank and file with a pi'oportion of Artillery and Engineers, shoukl jmbark in the boats of the fleet on the night of the Ifith, and proceeding along the Lake Mare- otis, nhould It.nd the following morning to the westward of the island of Marabout, which was foi'tified, and commanded the entrance to the harbour of Alexandria. The embarka- tion took place accordingly, in the space of two hours, and the boats set sail at nine o'clock with a fair wind, which un- fortunately shifted during the night, whereby nearly one half drifted to leeward, which caused some delay. By ten o'clock the whole had got together, and were about to land nearly opposite the Enemy's gunboats ; but perceiving the French ready to oppose them with a considerable force and some well-posted artillery, the flotilla stood on to the west- RECORDS OP THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 261 ward about two miles, where the division landed without i^'- opposition, and took post immediately along a steep quarry, They imid which reached from the lake to a plain that extended to i^Bition. the sea, where sve lay upon our arms during the night of the 17th; the breadth of the peninsula was about two miles. The tower on the island of Marabout was immediately on the left, forming an extension of the line to the eye. Having dug pits of about four or five feet deep in the plain, abundance of good water was found, to the great joy of all. As a diversion in favour of General Coote's division, an attack a diversion is made in was ordered to be made from the eastward ; this took place ^^""^^ "^ General. Coote. at four in the morning of the 17th, whereby considerable ground and other advantages were gained. At five in the evening of the 18th, General Coote advanced about two miles, without any other opposition than a few shots having been exchanged between the advanced guards. He now took up a position, having t)ie Guards extended in two lines across the quarries, with their right upon Lake Mareotis. The two Brigades of the Line were formed in a strong posi- tion to the left of the Guards and facing the sea, leaving Marabout a little to the rear. On the night of the 17th a battery of two guns was formed by the besieging army to the eastward of Alexandria, a little in front of a ruined mosque; and about half- past two on the morning of the 18th, the Enemy made a faint attack upon the outposts to their right and left ; this, however, was soon repulsed with ease and little loss. At break of day on the 19th General Coote caused a battery of two twelve -pounders and two eight-inch howitzers to be opened against the work of Mara- a battery bout, close to which three gunboats were at anchor. The ^^^^f^i^^ effect of the fire was so great, that, before seven, two of '^*"'* the gunboats were sunk, and their third slipped her cable and ran for Alexandria in a very crippled state : a germ 262 RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. Mb^ 1 i 1801. which ventuved to the island the same evening was also sunk. On the 20th a Turkish force under the Capitan Pasha joined General Hutchison to the eastward. Finding that little effect could be produced upon the fort by such light metal as above described, the fire was suspended on the 22d, and a battery of two twenty-four pounders erected. In the mean time Lieutenant- colonel Derby, who had been left with the Ist Battalion 54th to cover the siege, had so judiciously posted that regiment, that not a Frenchman could show himself without being picked off by the light company, stationed on a point of land behind a rock within pistol-range of the Enemy, who were consequently unable to return a single shot from their batteries. After excessive labour, two twenty-four-pounders were dragged by four battalions from Mareotis, over steep quarries Tiiebattory, and precipiccs, and placed upon the battery, which opened open's fire on ^^pon the fort at daybreak on the 2l8t ; and so well dii-ected d^troyl'thf was the fire, that at half-past eleven the signal-tower (a ' most beautiful edifice, and a most conspicuous object fron) the sea and from the surrounding country, and which had stood there for centuries) fell with a tremendous crash, bmy- ing all the stores and provisions in its ruins, and killing several men. The Commander of the fort nevertheless hoisted a flag upon a pole and sheltered his men under the rocks on the opposite side of the island ; he was, however, unable to retiu-n the fire, or make any other resistance than that of firing a few random shots during the whole of the day. At five in the evening it was determined by General Coote to cause the fort to be stormed during the night. In the mean time he sent a flag of truce to the Commandant, with a summons to surrender, or abide tho consequences : Tlie fort capitiilntes. altio 1 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 263 after some hesitation a capitiilatiou was agreed to. Thiw Commandant was a Chief of Battalion, and his garrison eon- sisted of one hundred and ninety-five men, twenty-five of whom were killed during the siege. The fort was surren- dered at eleven o'clock at night, when two comnanies of the 54th Regiment took possession. Meanwhile the Navy were sounding the entrance to the harbour, and laying down buoys, which the French had taken the precaution to cut away ; and Captain Cochrane, with seven sloops-of-war from the combined forces, entered the old harbour of Alexandria on the evening of the 21st. This determined General Coote to advance, which he did accordingly early on the morning of the 22d, flanked by the flotillas in the harbour and on the lake. The advance was commenced in three columns, having the Riflemen and Light Infantry in front, and one brigade in the rear, as a reserve. The Enemy continued to retreat until they arrived at the old cut across the isthmus which formerly united the lake with the sea ; here they attempted to make a stand, and the cannon from their batteries and field -pieces began to have some effect upon the British columns ; whereupon the line was formed, and the Enemy were driven from this position. The French were next found strongly posted on a ridge of rocky hills, having their right secured by the sea and by a battery mounting two heavy guns, and their left by the lake and by two more batteries, mounting each two guns of the same description ; they had also numerous pieces of flying artillery in the in- tervals of their line. The British continued to drive in the Enemy's advanced posts with the greatest coolness and regularity, inider a heavy cannonade, xmtil close to their works (within musket shot of Fort des Bains) : here they encamped with their right 1801. Cnptain Coolirone, with seven ploopj of war, ontera the harbour of Alex- andria. This deter- mines Gene- ral Coote to advance. Tlio Enemy retreats. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I IIM •all M III 2.2 | 2.0 1.8 1.25 ^ — i 1 1.4 1.6 1 ^ ^ ff ^ 1 u "1 V] <^ /} ^ -T^ .V '>. o ^;. / Photographic Sciences Corpomtion 4^ V ^9> C^^ 1. V 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. I4.S80 (716) 872-4503 <" Ce .

o \ "HUKP tmTM It 264 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. Lieutenant H( ckliigs, of The IlcKi- nient, loses his leg by a cannon-ball. The British General, fearing an attack might be made by General Coote, orders a diversion to be made in his favour. upon the lake and their left upon the sea, without any farther molestation than a few blind shells, of the largest dimension, which were thrown from the town, but did no damage, in consequence of their fuse not being lighted. Some of them passed to the rear even beyond the hospital tents, so close were the British to the town. The enemy abandoned seven pieces of ordnance in the hurry of their retreat. On the part of the British the loss was trifling ; no officer was killed, and only one wounded, Lieutenant Hockings of The 25th Regiment, who lost his right leg by a cannon-bell which came obliquely upon the line, and carried off the left leg of the right-hand rear-rank man of the company which he commanded. The 25th Regiment had also one sergeant and a few privates wounded on this occasion. The Enemy must have suffered considerably, in consequence of the cross fire from the flotilla on both flanks of the British. The British General being of opinion that the Enemy might at- tack General Coote in foi-ce on the night of the 22d, ordered a diversion to be made in his favour to the eastward, while he sent General Spencer with a brigade to reinforce him ; this had the desired effect, for it kept the Enemy on the alert and in full play during that night. The British pickets having driven in the outposts at four in the morning of the 23d, the Enemy were induced to open all their artillery upon the Allies, whereby the latter lost four men in retiring to their encampment. General Spencer's Brigade reinforced General Coote's Division soon after daylight on the 23d, as did also two hundred and fifty Mamelukes, and a body of seven hundred Turkish Infantry, in the course of the day. A ^out two in the afternoon the Commander-in-chief, accom- panied by General Craddock and his chief Engineer, came round by the lake, and having examined General Coote's position, reconnoitred the Enemy's works and the nature of RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 265 in accoin- 1801. the approach to them ; when it appeared to be the general c»pinion that the west side was the most advantageous for carrying on the siege. The Commander-in-chief appeared much pleased with the active and successful operations of Greneral Coote's Division since the landing to the westward. Ten ships of war now entered the harbour, under the com- mand of Oaptain Stevenson, and formed a line ahead, pro- tecting the left flank of General Coote's Division. In con- sequence of this the Enemy sank several vessels between the flotilla and their men-of-war. Unfortunately no water could be found near the present position, which was on a rocky soil, so that the men had to bring it ^rom the original position, which was four miles to the rear ; however, the Mamelukes assisted greatly by sending their camels occa- sionally, loaded with skins filled with water. On the 24th a flag of truce came from General Menou to a flag of T 1 tnioB is sent General Hutchison with a very fulsome complimentary let- J^'|^j^„''„"^«-^^ ter, to thank him for the care he had taken of his Turkish HiS'son. wife (he had one in France), whom the Turks wished to behead upon the surrender of Cairo, but who was sent to her husband in Alexandria by the British commander. On the morning of the 25th a battery of four twenty- a battery u . opened on four-pounders, and another of four mortars, were opened on ^p <>cs Fort des Bains, by order of General Coote ; this caused the Enemy to open a mortar-battery from the fort, which dis- charged upon the Allies several thirteen-inch shells ; these, however, in general did not explode, in consequence of the insufiiciency of the fuses, and the only mischief done by them was the loss of a leg by a soldier of the Guards. General Coote, being anxious to get near the fort, ordered, in the evening, Lieutenant-colonel Smith with the Ist Bat- talion 20th Regiment, and a detachment of the 26th Light Dragoons, supported by the 2d Battalion 54:th Regiment, 4i 266 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. A night at- tack is de- termined upon the fort. Ballerics are erected witltin four hundred yards of tho fort. General Menon again 6('ndg a fliig of truce, re- questing a ccBsation of hostilities. Hontilitios ceime iiccord- ingly. under Lieutenant-colonel Layard, the whole commanded by Colonel Dyott of Tlie 25th Regiment, to hold themselves in readiness for a night-attack. After dark the 20th commenced by turning the left of the Enemy's piquets and scouring the hills; this was performed in a cool and spirited manner, principally at the point of the bayonet; on this occasion the detachment of the 26th Dragoons behaved gallantly. The loss of the French amounted to about one hundred men killed, wounded, and taken prisoners; of the latter, eight officers, five sergeants, and forty-seven privates were brought in. The British loss was very trifling, and consisted of three privates, besides Lieutenant Kelly, who commanded the de- tachment 26th Light Dragoons. By this means batteries were erected within four hundred yards of the fort. On the morning of the 26th four batteries were opened upon the Enemy's entrenched camp from the eastward ; tliis soon silenced their fire in that quarter, and induced them to withdraw several of their guns. At half-past four in the evening General Menou sent flags of truce to Generals Hut- chison and Coote, requesting a cessation of hostilities for three days to prepare terms of surrender ; this was granted, and the white flag was accordingly displayed in the most conspicuous places on the following morning. This was for- tunate for the French, as the first parallel was completed on the west, and about thirty pieces of ordnance were to op^n on tho town during tlie night. It was found that General Menou's intention was to gain time ; for at the termination of the truce he requested a prolongation of thirty-six hours, which was rejected, and orders issued to commence hos- tilities at midnight. Menou finding himself foiled, begged a delay until two o'clock in the afternoon of the 3()th, which was granted, and hostilities were countermanded by a pass-order. Precisely UHiiiiliiM mmm BECCRDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 267 at two in the afternoon of the 30th one of General Menou's i^oi. aides-de-camp arrived at the head- quarters of the AlHed Army with the proposed conditions ; but as several of the articles were so absurd as to be inadmissible, General Hut-Thccon- . . 1 i.1 ditions pro- cnison ordered the messenger to return, and express to the posed by ° . General French Commander that the armistice was annulled, and that Menou are hostilities would commence without delay. This peremptory xhey are message brought another aide-de-camp into the lines of the nccepted. Allies at full speed, and in consequence of the message he brought, affairs took a favourable turn, and the cessation continued. Among the ina( aissible articles proposed was, ' All the shipping and vessels of war in the port of Alexandria are to be allowed to return to France.' On the 31st General Me- nou's amended articles were returned to him by General Hutchison with his definitive answers, and Brigadier-general the Honourable Hope repaired into Alexandria to conclude matters ; this he soon effected without any difficulty. Con- sequently, at noon on the 3d of September the Allied Forces tuo Aiued took possession of the French lines and outwOiks. To the powseMon of '^ , the French eastward Major-general Craddock with the Grenadiers occu- Jj™*^^"^^^ pied their entrenclied camp; and on the west and south sides Major-general the Honourable Ludlow, with the Grenadiers of that division of the army and a detachment of the Guards, took possession of the Forts des Bains, lo Turc, and Vivier (or Triangulaire), and of the fortified heights of Pompey's Pillar to the south-west of the city, with bands playhig and drums beating, and the British and Turkish flags were imme- diately displayed together in the most conspicuous places. The writer of this was Captain of Grenadiers ; and along with both the Grenadier Companies of the 20th and both of the 54th Regiments, with a company of the Turks, all under the command of Lieutenant-colonel Smith of the 20th Regi- 268 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1801. ment, took possession of Fort Triangulaire, wherein they remained until the Army was ordered to embark. it' ! I ^'■i yi !■ Return of the garrison of Alexandria, wliicli 8ur- ii^Tid-jred. Military. CHtU. Return of the Garrison of Alessandria, which mrrendered on the Zd of /September 1801. Cavalry and Infantry, including officers and non- commissioned officers ..... 5965 Artillery ditto 759 Corps of Dromedaries, Syriaers horse, and foot- guides, together 278 Marine Artillery 290 Sappers and Miners 139 Artificers 122 Seamen doing duty in garrison .... 1230 Greeks 118 Invalides 240 Sick . ' 1387 Total Military 10,528 Civil Department. • Officers and attendants of General Hospital . 238 Army Commissariat 95 Marine Commissariat 196 Geographical Engineers .... 9 Commission of Arts and Science . 47 Clerks of the National Treasury . 17 Civilians and Merchants .... 83 686 Grand total , . . . . . 11,213 On the 5th Colonel Abercrombie and Sir Sidney Smith embarked on board the Carmine sloop with despatches for London ; and )n the 6th Mr. Hutchison, a brother of the *t.O.-'i^i?IiJ'i. ^ I ! RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 269 a they he 3d of ;5 .9 ^8 )0 }9 22 30 18 40 87 10,528 38 95 96 9 47 17 83 — 685 . 11,213 By Smith tches for )r of the General, was sent to Constantinople with despatches at the particular desire of the Capitan Pasha. Two secret expeditions were now planned, and the first, under Major-general Craddock, consisting of about five thou- sand men, marched for Aboukir Bay, and were embarked there on the 10th. The second, under Major-general Coote, consisting of about six thousand men, of which The 25th Regiment formed part, was soon afterwards embarked at the same place. On the 14th the first division of French prisoners em- barked, and the rest soon followed, and sailed successively for France. On the 18th General Menou embarked in the Dido frigate, when Lord Cavan delivered over to the Capi- tan Pasha the keys of Alexandria. In the mean time the expedition under General Coote proceeded down the Mediterranean with instructions to ren- dezvous at Gibraltar ; but having soon afterwards fallen in with Lord Keith's fleet, the General was informed that a ces- sation of hostilities had taken place between Great Britain and France, and that a definitive treaty of peace was daily expected. In consequence of this imwelcome intelligence, which fi'ustrated all our hopes, The 25th Regiment was di- rected to be landed in Malta ; which it accordingly did on the 19th of October, and found that General Fox Avas com- manding the forces in the Mediterranean, and that the 35th and two battalions of the 40th Regiment formed the garri- son. The 25th was immediately landed from the Agincoiirt, the same ship which brought The Regiment from Ports- mouth, and was placed in the casements of the outworks, where it remained about a fortnight, when it embarked on board the Trusty of fifty guns, and a frigate armed en fiute, and arrived in Gibraltar Bay on the 19th of November; The Regiment was immediately disembarked and quartered in 1801, Secret expe- ditions are now planned, The Prencli prisoners embark. The 25th Regiment InndK in Malta, from whence it proceeds to Gibraltar, 1.1 ■ ' liii •• m 270 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1808. The Uegi- the Western South Pavilion. The garrison then consisted temf'inTJ" of the 2d Battalion Royals, the 2d or Queen's, the 5th, the ^""^^ 8th or King's, the 23d, 25th, and 54th Regiments, with the usual peace establishment of the Royal Artillery and En- gineers ; the whole imder command of the Governor-general O'Hara, who had Major-generals Burnett and Wemyss under his orders. Soon afterwards Colonel Dvott, of The 25th Regiment, was appointed Commandant of the South. Lieutenant Parsons died in Egypt on the 5th of Septem- Promotions. bcr. The Honourable Charles Stanhope was promoted to an ensigncy on the 4th of February, vice Dumas, who resigned ; Lieutenant Tripp was promoted to a captaincy by purchase on the 25th, vice Allan, retired ; and Ensign Bartlett Smith to a lieutenancy on the 28th of April, vice Hockings, inva- lided, having lost his leg in action in Egypt. On the 20th of June The Regiment was reviewed by His Royal Highness the Duke of Kent; and on the 3d of Septem- ber Peter Tripp, gentleman, was appointed Ensign by pur- chase, vice Skoulding, resigned. Robert Seymour, gentle- man, was appointed Ensign by purchase on the 4th of Sep- tember, vice Smith, promoted ; and on the same day Ensign Robert Anderson, from Half-pay Nugent's Levy, exchanged with Ensign Twiss. Ensign George Jackson, from the Half-pay of the King's Regiment, was appointed Ensign, vice Terry, promoted 25th of December. On the 10th February 1803, Hugh B. Rutherford, gentle- man, was appointed Ensign by purchase, vice Jackson, pro- moted into the 61st Regiment. The Regiment was again reviewed in Gibraltar, by His Royal Highness the Duke of Kent, on the 26th of February. To companies when the Field-officers were deprived of their companies : Captain John Lock from Half- pay 83d I !i ; RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 271 consisted s 5th, the with the and En- r-general ^88 under rhe 25th :h. ' Septem- ted to an •esigned ; purchase :tt Smith igs, inva- Regiraent, 24tli February, vice Prole, wlio exchanged ; Cap- tain-Heutenant A. W. M'Donell, 25th May; Captain John Hawtry from Half- pay 5th Foot, 25tli May; Lieutenant James Peat, 25th of June. To be lieutenants for the same reason : Ensign Charles A. Bailey, 25th June; Ensign George Gibbons, 2r,th Juno. William Harpier to be Assistant-surgeon, 25th June, vice Nice. On the 23d July Major John Stewart was appointed Lieutenant-colonel by purchase, vice Bushby, who retired, and Captain James Alexander Farriuharson purchased the majority. On the 28th of July Lieutenant John Jappie was promoted Lieutenant, vice Freeman, who exchanged to Half- pay. 1803. id by His 'Septem- i by pur- , gentle- i of Sep- Y Ensign :changed le King's ted 25th '., gentle- son, pro- r, by His 3bruary. •rived of pay 83d CHAPTER XV. I On the 21st of June 1803 The Regiment embarked at Gib- raltar on board the Pitt transport, and disemba ked on the 9th of August at Portsmouth, where it remained tmtil 1804. The Rtgi. ment em- barks for England, PortHinoutii, the 20th, on which day it embarked for Ireland on board and proceeds , to Ireland. His Majestj's ship R^volutionnaire and the Tellicherry transport. Arriving at Monkstown on the 27th of August, it disembarked, and marched to Clonmel, where it arrived on the 30th of August. Promotione ^^ ^^® ^^ ^^ September Lieutenant John Austen was appointed Adjutant, vice Carmichael, dismissed the service ; and Ensign Peter Tripp was appointed Lieutenant on the same day, vice M'Donell, promoted. On the 12th of September Charles W. Stewart was ap- pointed Assistant- Surgeon upon the formation of the 2d Battalion, and Lieutenant A. A. Freer was appointed Cap- tain, vice Dickson, promoted to Major in the York Rangers ; commission dated 7th October 1803. On the 8th of October Lieutenant Robert Terry was appointed Captain by pur- chase, vice Farquharson, promoted. On the 3d of December James Johnstone, gentleman, was appointed Ensign, vice Taylor, promoted into the 16th Battalion of Reserve. The Regiment was reviewed in the garrison of Clonmel on the 10th day of December 1803 by Major-general Duncan Campbell. Tiieiiegi- In January 1804 The Regiment marched to Cork, with chestocork. the exceptiou of the Light Infantry Company, which re- RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 273 maiued in Galway. Walker's Distillery was burnt in this i*'''- year. On tiie 8th of June Major-general Sir Eyre Coote reviewed The Regiment, and in the latter end of this month it marched ThoncKi- to Limerick. Major Farquharson commanded a Light Bat- to Limerick. talion of Militia at Loughreu at the same time. Seven sergeants, seven corporals, and eight privates were transferred from The Regiment on the 25th of October to join the 2d Battalion (at that time forming in Penrith), to Asccondbat- which the reserve raised for the counties of Cumberland and '•^'^ "t Westmoreland was attached. Sixteen sergeants and two drummers, supernumeraries from 35th Regiment (commanded by Lieutenant-general Lennox, son of Lord George Henry Lennox, Colonel of the 25th), were ordered to Penrith, to join, on the 2d of December, the 2d Battalion of The Regi- ment, which was recruited by volunteers from the Army of Reserve and Militia, and by men raised by its several re- cruiting parties. The manual and platoon exercise was altered on the 1st of November 1804. Brigadier-general Payne inspected The Regiment on the 20th December ; and the Honourable Lord Len- Charles Fitzroy was appointed Colonel, vice Lord George tue^Hon.'"* -,»-._ ^ Charles Fitz- lienry Ijennox, deceased. «>y succeeds him. The designation of The Regiment was changed from The xhodcsig- Sussex to The King's Own Borderers, on the 7th of May 1805 "'^gi'ment i" , . . . ^ J changed on when the iacuigs were altered from yellow to blue. *'^'' ^^^ °' In May one hundred and sixty-three volunteers joined from the Irish Militia ; in June six more joined as volun- teers from the Irish Militia ; and in this and the following mouth forty deserted, chiefly from among the Irish volun- teers. In August the Light Infantry Company marched from Galway to the Curragh Camp of Kildare, where Major Far- T May 18U0. 274 IlECOttDS OF THE KINO S OWN DORDERERS. 1807. Thellcgi- nicnt moves to Feniioy. Head-(luar- ters and six companies march to Oharloville, ami thence to Doneraile. ilil'- qnlmrson commnndcd two light battalions. Forty -seven men joined as a draft from the 2d Battalion. Tlie Regiment marched from Limerick to Fermoy on the 17th of September, and the Light Company moved from the Cnrragh to Bandon, -where Major Farquharson commanded a light battalion. In October 1805 Major Farquliarson and the Light In- fantry Company joined Iload-quarters at Fermoy. In November Major Farquharson commanded a light bat- talion at Tuam. In March five companies, including the Head-quarters, marched to Charleville, and the remaining five to Doneraile. In May The Regiment returned to Fermoy, and on the 18tli was inspected by Brigadier-general Darley. This month The Regiment was augmented by one sergeant and five men per company, making the establishment eight hundred rank and file. On the 25th of June of this year an additional shilling a-day was allowed to lieutenants of seven years' standing in the Army. In August Major Farquharson was appointed Assistant Adjutant-general in Limerick, from whence he was removed to Dublin. In January the Head-quarters (six companies) marched again to Charleville, and four companies to Donei'aile. In March The Regiment was reduced by one sergeant and twenty men per company, making its establishment six hundred rank and file; but in the same month fifty-seven men joined from the 2d Battalion. In June The Regiment marched to Kinsale ; and on the 17tli of September embarked on board the Elizabeth, Flora, and Edward and Polly transports, and sailed from the Cove of Cork on the 4th of December, but was obliged to put back ■ RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 275 ty- seven y on the from tlie landed a jiglit In- iglit bat- n[uartoi's, oneraile. I on the is month five men red rank shining nding in ^sistant removed marched le. sergeant nent six ty-seven I on the h, Flora, ;lie Cove put back by stress of weather on the 5th ; sailing again, however, on the fitli. Major Farquharson joined from off the Staff on the 17th of this month. On the evening of tlie 24th December 1 807, the fleet, under the command of Admiral Sir S. Hood, made the Island of Madeira, which was supposed to have been taken possession of by the French. Consequently the whole of the troops accompanying the expedition, namely, the 8d, 11th, 25th, and G3d Regiments, with Artillery and Engineers, were got in immediate readiness to disembark ; but on the 25th these preparations v. ere found to be un- necessary, so the 3d and 11th Regiments only, with the Artillery and Engineers, landed and were marched into quarters. The 25th and fiSd Regiments, not being required for the garrison of Madeira, sailed for the West Indies in the be- ginning of .Tanuary under convoy of the Contain seventy- four, York seventy-four, Captain seventy-four. Intrepid sixty- four, Alceste, Success, and Shannon frigates; this fleet was imder the command of Admiral Sir S. Hood. They arrived in Carlisle Bay, Barbadoes, on the 2d of February, and sailed about the 11th for the island of St. Christopher's. About the 14th they anchored off Guinea Bay, when the Regiments were disembarked on the 17th (having been five months on board), and marched into bar- racks on Brimstone Hill. Lieutenant-colonel Stewart inspected The Regiment on the 16th of May ; and on the 1st of October an additional lieutenant was appointed to companies. Brigadier-general Bonbane inspected The Regiment on the 19th of October 1808. About the latter end of December the flank companies proceeded to St. Lucia. In the month of December 1808 the two flank companies of The 25th Regiinent, commanded by Captain Sinclair, em- HOS. Tho llcgi- nicnt innr- oht'H to Kin - «iik', BnKi"Tiaou Abercrombie and Castor, and the Fame hired schooner, and curiHto- rendezvoused in Prince Rupert's Bay, Dominica, with the'*^^"" fleet under Admiral Cochrane ; the remaining part of I'lie Regiment was left to garrison Brimstone Hill, St. Christo- pher's. On or about the 1st of February the fleet sailed for Guadaloupe, and ^n the 2d the first division landed at St. Mary's. The day following, the second division, in which ^,g ^^^^^j The 25th Regiment served, effected a landing on the western twchTUo' side of the island. After the island surrendered, the whole lonR.'d, Regiment embarked on board His Maiesty s ship Abercrombie, in'"i''iK''n and sailed for St. Martin, where it disembarked. After the «'"«>'^'"»p«- island capitulated The Regiment reembarked on board the t"" '»'«"'' same ship, leaving, however, three companies to garrison the place, and sailed for St. Eustatius, where Captain Aus- 278 RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. "I|B^ 1811. The Repi- iiient Kails for St. Kitt's mill is quar- ter(!d ill Urimstoiie- Ilill Bar- racks, Liout.-ool. Stewart sails for Eng- land, nnd is never more lieiu-d of. Origin of the llpgcnt's iillowuncc. Hunt. col. Scott is ap- jiointed Lieut. -gov- priuir of St. EustatiiiB. tin's company was landed to take possession of that island, which had also capitulated on the approach of the Abercrom- bie. The next day The Regiment sailed back for St. Kitt's, where it landed and marched into Brimstone Hill Barracks. On the 11th of March Captain Munstal, Lieut. Tracy, Ensign White, Paymaster Bruce, five sergeants, and ninety-two rank and file, joined from the 2d Battalion. Brigadier-general Bar- row inspected The Regiment on the 12th of May 1810. On the 25th of July I ieutenant-colonel Stewart obtained leave of absence, and sailed for England; but ho was never more heard of. Captain Berga's company was withdrawn from the island of St. Martin early in July. Lieut.-colonel Scott, being Commandant in the colony, inspected The Regiment on the 26th of October 1810. In February Brevet Lieutenant-colonel Farquharson joined from leave of absence. Lieutenant-colonel Scott again inspected The Regiment on the 13th of May. Brevet Lieut.-colonel Farquharson, being Commandant in the colony, inspected The Regiment on the 30th October. General regulations and orders for the Army were compiled by, and established on, the 12tli of August of this year. An alteration took place in the clothing (coats), and on Christmas-day of this year caps were substituted for cocked-hats for the officers of the Army. On the lyth of March 1811 an allowance of 25^. per com- pany per annum was granted by His Royal Highness the Prince Regent to regiments serving at home, in aid of the Officers' mess ; this was supposed to be in lieu of the duty upon wine allowed to the officers of H.M. Navy. Major- general Barrow was appointed Governor of St. Eustatius upon its surrender ; and as he commanded the troops in St. Ciiristopher's, Lieutenant-colonel Scott, 25th Regiment, was appointed Lieutenant-governor. When Lieutenant-colonel Scott was sent to England to take command of the 2d Bat- 1 t island, liercrom- ^fc. Kitt's, Barracks. Y, Ensign two rank eral Bar- Bio. obtained vas never dthdrawn 16 colony, 1810. In )ined from inspected it.-colonel inspected ations and jlished on, >k place in year caps the Army. '. per com- ;liness tho aid of the f the duty y. Major- Eustatius Dops in St. imeni, was uit-colonel lie 2d Bat- RECORDS OF THE KING S OWi\ BORDERERS. 279 talion, Colonel E. Ainsley of The 25th Regiment was appointed Lieutenant-governor of St. Eustatius; and upon his being appointed Governor of Dominica he was Piicceeded in St. Eustatius by Lieutenant-colonel Farquharson, 25th Regiment. Lieiit.-colonel Stewart having been lost o^\ his way to Glas- gow, he was succeeded by Brevet Lieut.-colonel Scott. Brevet Lieutenant-colonel Light, Lieutenant Shuttle- w^orth, Ensign Burk, five sergeants, and one hundred and eighty-eight rank and file, joined from the 2d Battalion in February. Lieutenant-colonel Farquharson, two captains, three ser- geants, and ninety-one rank and file embarked from St. Christopher's on the 25tli of March, and sailed for St. Martin and St. Eustatius, to augment the companies at those sta- tions. Lieutenant-colonel Farquharson rejoined The Regi- ment in the beginning of May ; and on the 14th Major-general Barrow inspected The Regiment, and was pleased to issue the following district order : * The Major-general, through the medium of this public order, has the highest satisfaction in expressing to Lieut.-colonel Fanpiharson, tho Officers, Non-commissioned Officers, and men of The 25th Kegi- ment the just sense wliich he entertains of their appearance, and their perfect slate of discipline, so strongly marked in every point of move- ment in this morning's inspection : circumstances highly g'-atifying to him, wliile holding the honour of commanding such troops, and which his report of to His Excellency the Commander-in-chief of tho Forces cannot fail of placing them, in his opinion, as a corps perfectly competent to any service His Eoyal Higlmess the Prince Eegent may bo pleased to designate them for. Tho Major-general requests Lieut.- colonel Fanpiharson will convey his high approbation, on this occa- sion, to the Officers and men of The 25th Regiment.' Ensigns Douglas and Jamiosou and twenty-seven rank and file died in this month. 1812. Colonel Ains- ley is ap- pointed Lieut-gover- nor in place of Scott, who is sent to Knglaud. Gcnoral Onler pub- lishetl by General Bar- row. f: K ' 1 ■ wf 280 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1813. ApartofTlie Regimont proceeds to GuaUaloupe, and is quar- tered In the Beansoleil Barracks. Colour-scr- geanta are appointed to each com- pany. Inetances of slow and quick i)ro- motion. Thii'ty-four rank and file joined from the IGtli Regiment on the 24th of March ; and on the 18th of May three and a half companies and the Head-quarters of The Regiment em- barked on board His Majesty's ship Mercury, and landed on the evening of the 20tli at Guadaloupe, and marched into Beansoleil Ban-acks, detaching a sergeant and six rank and file to Matouba ; this party was afterwards augmented to a subaltern and fifty men. The second division arrived on the 27th, and disembarked from on board His Majesty's ship Vestal. Major-general Ramsay inspected The Regiment on the 15th of October ; and Lieutenant-colonel Farquharson proceeded, on the 31st of December, to assume the com- mand of St. Martin. Captains Peat and Austin's companies joined Head -quarters, from St. Eustatius, ^n the 19th of March. On the 28th of April Captain Tripp, Lieutenants White and Burk, Ensigns Hine, Halse, x'oung, and Smith ; five sergeants, and one hundred and eighty-four rank and file, joined from the 2d Battalion. Major-general Skinner in- spected The Regiment on the 19th of May, and expressed his high approbation of its discipline, and the correctness with which it performed the various manoeuvres. On the 25th of June a colour-sergeant was appointed to each company, in obedience to the circular dated Horse Guards, Oth (.f June, and War-office, 27th of July 1813. The following are two singular instances, the one of slow, and the other of rapid promotion in this corps : Lieutenant-colonel St. Clair purchased his ensigncy from Elliott on the 26th of August 1762, his lieutenancy from Pintard on the 24tli of June 1768, his captaincy from Sym- mers on the 8th of March 1775; ho was promoted to Brevet- major on the 18th of November 1790, to Major, without pur- chase, vice Hope, on the 26th of April 1793; and to Lieut.- RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 281 egiraent Be and a nent em- anded on shed into ank and snted to a rived on sty's sliip ;iment on rqnharson the com- Dompanies e 19th of ,nts White mith ; five k and file, ikinner in- expressed correctness appointed ated Horse 1813. the one of rps : signcy from nancy from ' from Sym- i to Brevet- vithont pur- d to Lieut.- 1813. colonel (having raised men at a considerable expense for the 2d Battalion, embodied on the 25th February 1795) on the Ist of April 1795. He served as Ensign five years and ten months, as Lieu- tenant six years and nine months, as Captain, without the Brevet, fifteen years and eight months ; making in all, before he became Brevet - major, twenty - eight years and three months. Lieutenant-colonel Light raised men for an ensigncy on the 16th of December 1793. He obtained his lieutenancy on the 11th of January 1794, was promoted to a company with- out purchase, vice Johnstone, killed in action, on the 2d of October 1797; was promoted to Major, without purchase, in 2d Battalion (embodied 1804) 1st of August 1804; to Brevet Lieutenant-colonel on the 4th of June 1811, and to Regi- mental Lieutenant-colonel, vice Scott deceased, 1st of July 1813. He erved as Ensign one month, as Lieutenant five years and eight months, as Captain four years and ten months, when he became Regimental Major in the ordinary course of promotion in ten years and seven months. In the year 1813, while Lieutenant-colonel Light com- ^o Coionei manded the 1st Battalion of The 25th Regiment in the "vYtifau'^c^ island of Guadaloupe, he dined one day with the Governor, *''^*"'^" and as he was riding home to the barracks (distant about one mile from the Governor's house) he was overtaken by a violent thunderstorm with heavy rain. A vivid flash of lightning coming very close to his horse, the animal took fright, and suddenly sprang over a precipice (which lay about five yards to the right of the road) of thirty-four feet deep, into a river swollen considerably with the rain. The horse was killed by the fall., but Lieutenant - colonel Light swam on shore with very little injury, and walked 282 RECORDS OF THE lUNG S OWN BORDERERS. 1814. Service of Lord George Lennox in The Regi- ment. :iii Two Com- panies pro- ceed to Antigna, tlio remainder embiirk for Barbiulocs. home to his barracks, a quarter of a mile distant from the place. Lord George Hemy Lennox, son to Charles, second Duke of Richmond, and father of Charles, fourth Duke of Richmond, was Colonel of The 25th Regiment from 22d of December 1762 to 22d March 1805 (the day of his death), a space of forty-two years and three months. His Lordship was particularly attached to The Regiment; so much so, that notwithstanding his great interest and his being a personal Iricnd of the King, George III., his Lordship was imderstood to have declined being removed to any other corps, although it was at the time alleged and believed that he had fre- quently been offered a Cavalry regiment. Lord George Henry Lennox was truly a father to the corps, never sparing any expense in its equipment, and never failing to use all his interest in promoting the officers to every vacancy which occurred; and his Lordship has been known, in anticipation of a failiu'e in this respect with the Commander-in-chief, to have solicited and succeeded with His Majesty, in preventing promotion from passing out of The Regiment. Lieut. -colonel Farquharson joined on the 2d of March from administering the civil government of St. Martin. Major-general Skinner inspected The Regiment on the KHli of May and on the 24th of October; on both of which occasions he expressed himself much gratified with its ap- pearance and correct state of discipline. On the Gtli and 11th of December two companies, under the command of Major Peat, embarked on board His Ma- jesty's sliip Venerable for Antigua; and on the 15th and lOtli the remainder (Head-quarters) embarked for Barbadoes. Lieut.-colonel Farquharson was appointed Assistant Adju- tant-general to the forces ; and the Hoad-ciuartcrs disom- *,i\ '.*•«!' RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 283 from tbe , second Duke of a 22d of i death), Lordship 1 80, that personal derstood although had fre- r to the nd never fficers to lias been with the led with g out of 3f March iin. b on the of which h. its ap- 38, under His Ma- L5tli and irbadoes. tit Adju- s disom- barked at Barbadoes on the 19th, 25th, 26th, 27th, and 29th of December. The Head-quarters and five companies of The Regiment, under Major Peat, embarked at Barbadoes on the 28th of May, on board His Majesty's ship Venerable, and disembarked at Fort Royal, Martinique, on the 5th of June, and occupied the barracks in Fort Bourbon. Three companies, under command of Major Freer, fi'om Antigua, joined Head - quarters on the 21st of July, and marched into St. Louis. On the 22d, Lieut. -colonel Far- quharson and two companies, which had eubarked at St. Martin on the 20th, on board the Videttilivied schooner, also joined. The Regiment embarked on the 1st of August 1815, and disembarked at La Grande Anse, in Guadaloupe, on the 8th of the same month, forming a part of the expedition agauist that island, under the command of Lieut.-general Sir J. Leith. The army, which was divided into three brigades, consisted of the following regiments : namely, the 15th, 25th, 62d Regiments; the 1st, 3d, and 0th West ludia Regiments; the Royal West India Rangers ; and the York Chasseurs, and a very small body of Artillery and Engineers. The second brigade consisted of The 25th Regiment, 4th West India Regiment, and Royal York Rangers, commanded by Major-general Stehelin, and bivouacked that night on the heights of Palmiste. On the 10th the second brigade appeared before Morne Houl, which surrendered the same day, and the prisoners were marched from thence into Fort Matilda. On the same evening The 25thRegimci ' marched into Beausoleil Barracks, leaving Major Wolsely and the Light Company in possession of Morne Houh This company joined The Regiment about the 24th of the same month. Lieutenant -colonel Farquharson, behig Commandant in 1815. Part of The Hegimciit proceeda to Maitiniquc. The Regi- ment em- barks for Giiadalonpc. The 2r,th Regiment oooni)ie.s IJeuusoleil Barracks, V J #i 284 1816. The 2d Bat- talion is clis- bftiidcd Bt Cork on the 21th of Feb- ruary, Tlie Ilcgi- nient em- barks for Barbadoes. Five com- panios em- bark for St, Vincent. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. the colony, inspected The Regiment on the 31 st of Oc- tober. In December a change took place in the form of the caps of regiments of infantry, and they were made with felt tops, having a white band and two peaks. The 2d Battalion was disbanded at Cork on the 24th of Februaiy, and the effective men sent to Hilsea Barracks, to await the amval of the let Battalion from the West Indies. Major-general Douglas inspected The Regiment on the 20th of May, and was pleased to pass many encomiums on the appearance, discipline, and interior arrangements of the corps. On the 23d, 24th, and 25th of July The Regiment em- barked on board His Majesty's ships Antelope and Tigress, and the Great Dolphin schooner, and disembarked at Barba- does on the 27th and 29th of the same month, and marched into St. Ann's Barracks. On the 15th of August Major Peat and five companies embarked for St. Vincent. They sailed the following day, disembarked on the 17th, and relieved the right wing of the York Chasseurs, ordered to Jamaica. A letter dated Horse Guards, 11th of September 1816, authorised two men additional to the band, to carry the Turkish cymbals, presented to The Regiment by Lieutenant- general Sir James Leith. Lieutenant -colonel Farquharson was appointed Com- mandant of Tobago, and on the 11th of November was directed to proceed to Dominica to command there. Colonel Codd of the 60th Regiment, being Commandant in the colony, inspected The Regiment on the 11th of November. On the 26th of December Lieutenant-colonel Farquhar- RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 285 at of Oc- f the caps . felt tops, le 24th of Barracks, the West at on the niums on ats of the nent em- l Tigress, at Barba- marched ompanies dug day, ng of the ber 1816, iarry the mtenant- ed Com- iber was mandant 11th of arquhar- son was ordered to proceed from Dominica to St. Vincent, i^'^- to command the troops stationed there. Infantry sword-exercise was introduced into the Army, for the officers and sergeants, on the 17th of February 1817. Colonel Farquharson was directed to proceed to the Head- quarters of The Regiment. Colonel Codd inspected The Regiment on the 24th of May, and Lieutenant-colonel Far- quharson joined The Regiment from command at Tobago on the 22d of May. On the 3d of June Lieutenant-general Lord Combermere, Commandant of the forces, arrived at Bar- badoes. On the 15th of June the Head-quarters, composing the The Head- quarters em- right wing, embarked for England, when a general order was ^"rk for issiiPfl when a IBBUeu. General ' Head-quarters, Barbadoes, 12th June 1817. ?^^i '« ' ' issued, ' Tho Commander of the Forces has received very favourable re- ports of the correct and creditable state of discipline evinced upon all occasions by this respectable corps, during a service of many years in this command ; and he requests that Lieut.-colonel Farquharson will offer to The Kegiment the assurance of the Lieut. -general's best wishes for their future welfare.' The right wing arrived at Deptford, and disembarked on TheEegi- the 27th of Juiv; and the left wing, from St. Vincent, on m England, * _ and la (juar- the Ist of August: wliesn the whole marched into North- *ered in dw. ^ ' ferent places. amptonshire, and was disti'ibuted as follows : five companies at Weedon Barracks, four at Northampton, and one at Da- ventry. On the arrival of the Head-quarters at Weedon it was joined by twenty sergeants, eleven drummers, and three hundred and thirty-five rank and file, the remains of the late 2d Battalion, disbanded on the 24th of February 1816. On the 24th of October the companies at Northampton, that at Daventry, and one from Head-quarters marched, and [>• W'^ I 286 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 1819. ;N Tho Regi- ment is (luar- tenni in Chatham, and niovcH from thence to llikea liniTaclcs, near Ports- mouth. The Regi- ment cm- barks for Ireland . ■where it lands, and niarclies for Fennoy. were quai'tcred as follows : two at Coventry, two at Dudley, one at Shrewsbnry, and one at Wolverhampton ; these de- tachments remained thus stationed until the latter end of December, when they marched to Chatham. Major-general Sir J. Lyon inspected the companies at Weedon and Coventry on the 9th and 11th of December, and expressed his entire approbation of the state of disci- pline, appearance, &c. of the corps. On the 30th and Slst of December the companies at Weedon marched to Chatham. The whole of The Regiment having arri\'ed in Cliatham about the 7th of January, it remained there until the 18th of May, when it marched to Hilsea Barracks near Portsmouth, and arrived there on the 25th, 26th, and 27th of the same month. Major-general Lord Howard of Effingham inspected The Regiment on the 12th of October, and was highly pleased at the appearance, discipline, &c. of the corps. On the 24th of October the establishment of The Regi- ment was reduced from eight himdred to six hundred and fifty rank and file, and one sergeant and one corporal per company, while all privates least eligible for service were discharged. On the 17th of December The Regiment embarked at Portsmouth for Ireland, on board the Borodino and Wyton transports, and arrived at the Cove of Cork on the 24th of the same month, where it disembarked, and marched for Fermoy, where it arrived on the 25th, and marched from thence to Cork on the 28th, where it was qiTartered in the new barracks. Major-general Gordon inspected The Regiment on the 7th of May, and was pleased to issue the following order : ilft RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 287 : Dudley, these de- ir end of icanies at December, of disci- lanies at leginiont niiaiy, it Li'ched to •e on the cted The r pleased 'he Regi- ired and poral per ice were arked at d Wyton 3 24th of 'ched for led from 3d in the n the 7th 3r : Brigade Order. ' Cork Barracks, 8th May 1819. * Major-general Gordon is much pleased with the state of The 25th Regiment, The King's Own Borderers. It manoiuvres with precision and celerity, and marches well, and its general conduct is creditable.' Major-general Gordon likewise made another inspection of The Regiment on the 25th of September, and expressed himself in the same terms as on the former occasion. On the 24th of December 1819 an order was issued by the Adjutant-general, notifying that His Majesty had been pleased to approve of the flank companies, 25th Regiment, being permitted to wear on their appointments the word ' Martinique,' in commemoration of the distingiiishcd ser- vices of that part of The Regiment which participated in the reduction of the island of Martinique, in the month of February 1809. In December of this year Wise's Distillery took fire, and was extinguished by the assistance of the Garrison, consist- ing of the 25tli and 35th Regiments. On the 28th of February The Regiment (Head-quarters) marched for Templemore, where it arrived on the 5th of March. A company, however, had been left at Casliel, while parties had been detached to New Inn, Thurles, Barrisoleigh, Nenagh, Cappaghwhite, Dundrura, Clonoulty, Tipperary Hos- pital, Little Bannaghan, Frankford, and Cameron Fort, in consequence of the disturbed state of the country. On the 2d of March a letter was received, dated Horse Guards, 23d of February 1820, conveying His Majesty's per- mission for The Regiment to bear on its colours and appoint- ments the word ' Egmont op Zee,' in commemoration of the very distinguished services of the corps at that place on the 2d of October 1799. 1820. Brigade Oriler. The flank compftiilcs are per- niitted to wear on their ai)ix)iiit- moiitji the word ' Mar- tinique.' ThelU'Rl- moiit mar- ches for Toinple- nioro, mid si'iids out several de- tachments. 288 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. ,.., ,, |. Thc'S- '^^^ Head -quarters marched from Templemore on the toTc.^IIh]^. 16th of March for Birr, and arrived there on the same day, and left that place for Loughroa on the 4th of April follow- ing, where they arrived on the 5th, and occupied the Ord- nance Barracks, sending detachments to Thonias's Mills, Kil- rickle, Kilchrecst, Mount Shannon, Kiltormer, and Tubbon, on account of the distiu'bed state of that part of the country. Major-general Egerton reviewed The Regiment on the 11th of ]\T;iy, on which occasion he issued the following order : District Order. •Adjutant-general's Office, Athlone, 2l8t May 1820. ' Major-general Egerton was much gratified on in8i)ecting Tlio 25th Regiment, or Eoyal Borderers, at Loughrea, on which occasion The Regiment made a most soldier-like appearance. The Officers were alert and attentive, and the movements of The Regiment, under Colonel Farquharson's directions, were executed with celerity and precision. ' The Major-general must also observe that the excellent arrange- ment and interior economy of The Regiment reflects the greatest credit upon Colonel Farquharson and the Ofiicers under his command.' DiBtrict Order. The Bcgi- inent mar- out Bovcral detach- ments. The Regiment marched for Boyle on the 27th of May, tnim^I^^' where it arrived and occupied the barracks on the Slst, de- taching three companies to Sligo, with fifteen other detach- ments to Cootehill, Grange, Farny, Elphin, Ballaghaderreen, Castlereagh, Tubbercurry, Ballinamore, Ballyfarnan, Ballin- toglier, and Ballymote. Lieutenant-general Sir H. T. Montresor inspected The Regiment on the 9th of October 1820, and testified his very great approbation of the appearance of The Regiment, and was particularly well pleased with its interior economy. On the 5th of January a detachment was sent to Ros- common, and withdrawn on the 13th of June. The detach- ment at Ballymote was >yithdrawn on the 27th of April. I ir '-A » RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 289 B on the ime day, il foUow- the Ord- lills, Kil- TuLbuii, country, t on the ■ollowing lay 1820. r Tlio 25th jasion The were alert 2r Colonel 'ecision. t arrango- itest credit and.' of May, 3lBt, de- L' detach- iderreen, 1, Ballin- ;ted The his very ent, and >my. to Ros- ) detach- pril. On the 10th of May Major-general Sir John Tiambert '*''• inspected The Regiment, and issued the following order : • The Major-general has the greatest satisfaction in expressing to Rj^''''''''' Colonel Farquharson the high opinion he entertains of The 25th Re- giment. Though the Battalion is in a very divided state, the same uniformity and good system was evident in the detachments as cha- racterised that part of The Regiment stationed at head-(|uarters. Such discipline not only reflects the greatest credit on the zeal and talents of the Commanding Officer, but also on the Field Officers, Captains, and Subalterns, for their active cooperation in carrying the same into effect.' The detachment was withdrawn from Cootehill on the 7th of May, and the Farney-Carney detachment joined the head-quarters of its company at Sligo in .Tune. A detach- ment was sent to Roscommon on the 20th of September. Major-general Sir John Elley inspected The Regiment on the 9th of October, and issued the following order : * Major-general Sir John Elley, during his inspection of The 25th Regiment of Infantry, had every reason to be satisfied with the zeal and ability of Colonel Farquharson, and which were so conspicuously manifest in every part of the discipline which came under the Major- guneral's supervision. A necessary subordination prevails through all ranks, without which the basis of discipline must be imperfect. * The field exercise and movements (although on a limited scale, by reason of so many detacliments from head-quarters) affiardod an evident proof of what the Battalion is capable. ' Brevet Lieut.-colonel M'Donnell afforded the Major-geneml, by his attention, an opportunity of judging of his capacity and merits as a field officer. 'The other Officers and Kon commissioned Officera, seen by the Major-general, appeared perfectly to understand the execution of all duties re(|uired of them, and the precision of movements among tlie men, and their steadiness under arms, was most exemplary.' U District Older. PI I m ' |;( ^i 1 !^ n i 1 ■ 290 RECORDS OF TES KING S OWN BORDERERS. 18"i. Pommtionof II veteran battalion. The stand- ing orders of the Army are rsvised. Tlie Ilead- quailers of The Ilegi- nient march for BelfoHi. On the 25th of August the establishment of The Regi- ment was reduced from ten to eight companies, making the strength twenty-nine sergeants, twelve drummers, and five himdred and seventy-six rank and file. In consequence of a proclamation from Government, six hundred and fifteen out-pensioners appeared for examina- tion, out of which number nine sergeants, twenty corporals, and one hundred and sixty-five privates were found fit for service in a veteran battalion. These men were attached to The Regiment from the 5th to the 23d of December, on which day four sergeants, nine corporals, two drummers, and one hundred and nineteen privates marched for Temple- more, under charge of Captain Robertson and Ensign Morris, who delivered them over to Lieut.-colouel Hooper's veteran battalion ; the remainder of those who had been fouiid fit for service were previously discharged by order of Govern- ment. The standing orders of the Army were revised and amended, by Major-general Sir Henry Torrens on the 1st of Januaiy of this year. On the 15th of April the Head-quarters of The Regiment marched for Belfast, where it arrived on the 22d, and was qiiartered in the barracks. A company and a half, however, were detached to Carriokfcrgus. The two companies quar- tered in Sligo marched for Downpatrick on the same day that the Head-quarters left Boyle, and on their arrival de- tached parties to Maghera and Castledawson. The company at BuUaghadorreen and the outposts there- from marched from Coleraine on the 18th of April, and ar- rived there on the 2 (Hh, detaching parties to Ballycastle and Ballymcney. Major-general Egerton hispected The Regi- ment on the 4th of May, and issued the following order : K'^aSaaJi^ RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 291 f The Regi- niaking the rs, and five ernment, six or exaiuina- ty corporals, ibund fit for attached to ecember, on drummers, for Temple- isign Morris, jer's veteran en found fit r of Govern- revised and on the Ist of he Regiment !2d, and was alf, however, panics cpiar- le same day r arrival de- tposts there- pril, and ar- liycastlo and d The Regi- ig order : 1823. Brigada Order. * Brigade Order. ' Major-genoral Egertou has received the higliest gratification in his inspection of The Royal Borderers, not only with respect to their soldier-like a}ipearance and the promptness and extreme regularity of their movements, but he was particularly pleased in observing that the band were made so efficient in the field, and that His Majesty's regulations were so pointedly attended to in every particular. ' The Major-general reipiests Colonel Farquharson to accept his best thanks for his unremitting attention in command of The Regi- ment, and his un([ualified approbation of the conduct and minute attention of the Ofhcers and men in their respective duties.' The Major-general again inspected The Regiment on the 9th of October, and was pleased to refer Colonel Farquharson to his last order. On the 16th of October two detachments were sent out to Antrim and Ballyniena, each consisting of one subaltern, one sergeant, and sixteen rank and file. The detachment from Ballymoncy joined the head-quarters of its company atColeraine on the 23d of January, and the detach- ment from Antrim was withdrawn, and marched into Head- quarters on the 23d of January. The two companies at Downpatrick were withdrawn, and joined at Head-quarters the 30th of January. In the month of April this year an alteration took place An ait«ra- in the swords of the officers and non-commissioned ofiiccrs I'li^e '""•<' Kworas of the of thp TiinP OfflcerBof Ol me Ijiue. thoAnny. Majoi'-general Egerton inspected The Regiment on the 2d of May, when he was pleased to issue a district order expressive of his entire approbation of the appearance and movements of The Regiment on parade, and also of its in- terior economy. The detachments from Carrickfergus, Coleraine, Bally- castle, Ballymena, and Oastledawson marched into head- quarters on the 3d and 4th of June. 292 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1824. The E«gl- ment leaves Belfast for Knuis. The manual and platoon exercise is altered. The fold exercise is revised. On the 4tli and 5th of June the Head-quarters marched from Belfast for Ennis, followed by the remainder on the 16th and 19th, and arrived on the 18th, 19th, and 2l8t, sending detachments to Kilrush, Scattery Island, Donagh, Kilkerrin, and Kilcrodan Batteries ; Ballinacally, Killaloe, Tomgrany, O'Brien's Bridge, Six -mile Bridge, Bunratty, Broadford, Meelick, Cratloe Cas, Parleeu, Cloondara, Ennis- timon, Newmarket, and Tulla; and on the 11th of July a detachment was sent to Feakle. The manual and platoon exercise v*as altered on the 25th of August 1823. Major-general Sir John Elley inspected The Regiment on the 1st of October, when he was pleased to issue an order highly complimentary to the corps. On the 10th of October two detachments were sent out from Head-quarters, one to Newport, and the other to Abing- ton, while a subaltern's detachment was sent from Ennis to Kildysart. On the 12th of May Tl e Regiment was inspected at Ennis by Sir J. Elley, who was highly pleased with the appearance of The Regiment on parade, and with its in- terior economy. The detachments at Newport and Abing- ton were withdrawn on the 2l8t of May, that at Ballinacally on the 19th of June, and those at Bunratty, Newmarket, and Custreen on the 2t3d of July. In the month of September a sergeant and twelve rank and file were detached to ScarrifF. Major-general Sir .John Elley inspected The Regiment at Ennis on the 9th of October 1824; and Lieut.-general Lord Combermere, commanding the Forces, inspected The Regiment on the 8th of September. On the 10th of March the field exercise and movements of the Army were revised and amended, by Major-general Sir Henry Torrens. ■^ f.^-i;SSSM!v^iSi.*iMLi«i^; RERS. arters marched nainder on the 19th, and 2 let, sland, Donagh, ically, Killaloe, idge, Biinratty, jondara, Ennis- 11th of July a jred on the 25th le Regiment on issue an order I were sent out other to Abing- it from Ennis to is inspected at eased with the nd with its in- port and Abing" t at Ballinacally Newmarket, and md twelve rank eneral Sir John e 9th of October omraanding the )f September, md movements ajor-general Sir RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 203 1S25. The Regi- Four '"™' ""^' ches for Ath- lone. On the 21st of February two companies marched from Ennis for Athlone, where they arrived on the 24th. companies and Head-quarters marched on the 29th of June from Ennis, Tulla, Ennistimon, Feakle, Clare Castle, Kildy- sart, and arrived at Athlone on the 2d of July. Two com- panies marched on the 30th of June from Killaloe, O'Brien's Bridge, Tomgrany, Scarriff, Six-mile Bridge, Broadford, and Cratloe Cas, and arrived at Athlone on the 5th of July ; and the remaining companies marched on the 1st of July from Kilrush, Kilkerrin, Kilcredan, Donagh, Kildysart, Scattery, Meelick, Oakfield, Cloondara, and Parteen, and arrived at Vthlone on the 6th of July. The Regiment marched in three divisions from Athlone, mo Regi- on the 15th, 16th, and 18th of July, for Dublii^, and arrived to Dubun. in Richmond barracks on the 19th, 20th, and 2l8t of the month. The Regiment was inspected by Major-general Sir C. Grant in the square of Richmona Barracks. After the move- ments had been gone through, he directed Colonel Farqu- harson to assemble the officers in front, when he expressed himself highly pleased with the appearance of The Regi- ment; he particularly remarked the steadiness and precision with which they went through the various movements. On the 25th of March The Regiment was augmented to six service companies of eighty-six rank and file each, and four depot companies of fifty-six rank and file each, making the establishment of The Regiment seven hundred and forty rank and file. On the 13th of September The Regiment was reviewed in Thomas's Park. On the 6th of October The Regiment received orders to hold itself in readiness to proceed to Cork, for embarkation for the West Indies. HflSiSSSS^IiSi #1 ' KlriS IH !*; ■ ll \^\ ^1 t 294 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1827. I'.ltn Three companies marched from Dublin on the 14th, and arrived at Kilkenny, Callan, and Johnstown on the 18th and 19th of October. One company marched on the 15th for Carlow, V nd arrived there on the 18th. Another marched on the 15vh for Athy, where it arrived on the 17th ; and three companies marched for Kinsale, where they arrived on the 2d of November. These were followed on the 26th by two more companies and the Head-quarters, which arrived on the 5th of November. On the Ist of November the detachments marched from Callan and Johnstown, and arrived at Kinsale on the 5th of November. Three companies from Kilkenny marched on the 2d, and arrived at Kinsale on the 8th of November. One company marched from Carlow on the 2d, and arrived at Kinsale on the 9th ; and another, starting from Athy on the 2d, arrived on the 9th. TheRegi- On the 12th of December four service companies em- inent em- x.f'^//"^ •''*"' barked at Kinsale for Barbadoes, on board the Louisa and West Indies. ' Indian Trader transports. The remaining two service com- panies embarked on board the Parmelia transport on the 14th of December. The service companies were detained by contrary winds in Kinsale harbour until Christmas-day, on which they sailed, and arrived in Cai-lisie bay, Barbadoes, on the 24th, 28th, and 29th of January 1826. In April of this year regulations were made for the sale of retired full- and half-pay commissions. The service companies, under the command of Lieut.- colonel M'Donnell, were inspected by Major-general Main- waiing ; and on the 30th of June Lieut.-colonel M'Donnell embarked for England, having accepted an unattached Lieu- tenant-colonelcy. Major Courtnay Chambers commanded The Regiment until Lieut.-colonel (Colonel) Farquharson joined from England on the 24th of December 1827, when he took ■i i^KEIiS. RECORDS OF THE KINO's OWN BORDERERS. 295 •n the 14th, and on the 18th and 5n the 15th for nother marched 1 the 17th; and they arrived on on the 26th by I, which arrived marched from e on the 5th of ^arclied on the ovember. One and arrived at •m Athy on the companies em- ■te Louisa and 'o service com- nsport on the I'e detained by 8tmas-day, on ■y, Burbadoes, e for the sale nd of Lieut.. :eneral Main- el M'Donnell itached Lieu- imanded The arson joined 'hen he took over the command. On the 8th of January 1828 the riglit '"^o. wing and Head-quarters embarked on board the Marshal Bennet transport, and disembarked at Demerara on the 14th. n,pnt^i^',j. The left wing embarked in the Princess Royal on the 12th, Demerara. and disembarked at Demerara on the 16th of January. Twenty-seven non-commissioned officers and men died while The Regiment was at Barbadoes, and eighty men joined from the depot. Major Chambers embarked on board the George, in con- sequence of an order fiom the Horse Guards, that he should return to Europe to take command of the depot then sta- tioned in Aberdeen. Colonel Farquharson having been ordered to St. Lucia, to assume the temporary government, embarked on board the army vessel Duke of York on the 7th of July 1828, and the command of The Regiment devolved on Major Robertson. One officer and one hundred and seven non-commissioned "any ">«i ilie from officers and men died in the year 1828. On the 16th of April "<^kiess. Colonel Farquhai'son joined The Regiment, and Major Robert- son embarked on board the Admiral Morrson, bound for Lon- don, on the 9th of May, on leave of absence. Twenty-four non-commissioned officers and privates died in the year 1829, and fifty-seven men joined from the d6p6t. On the 3d of January Colonel Farquharson embarked on board the Manchester mail-boat for Trinidad, to assume the temporary government, and the command of The Regiment devolved upon Captain Hollis. On the 9th of August Lieu- tenant-colonel Chambers arrived and assumed the com- mand, having been promoted by purchase to the Lieutenant- colonelcy on the 1st of August 1830, vice Walker, appointed from half- pay in room of Colonel Farquharson, promoted Major-general by brevet on the 22d of July. One officer and thirty non-commissioned officers and pri- M?ii ;lui 296 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 183 ' * Table Bay. the 16th, anil anchored in Table Bay, all well, on the 12th Jl^^^^ of March 1840. The troops disembarked on the 13th, and iSz^^ occupied the Main Barracks. The second divisioi:, in the """'^ '^' Lord Lyndoch, arrived in Table Bay on the 15th, amd landed ii ii^iii m- i ■ -• \ [ ^■' i Ml. %m-i ! i-^i \ ■ ■ i ^ t ■ ' ■ ' ;*^ '-: \ ' ! lilJI'.lMKi |C 1 ' s i i 1 ^ ii-i ^^l» 1 : |l> ' 1 ll; 308 RECORDS OF THE KING's OWN BORDERERS. 1812. on the IGth of Marcli. On the s; ne day subaltern parties were detached to Simon's Town, the naval station and dock- yard, and to Robbin island, the convict station of the colony, to relieve portions of the 72d Highlanders at these places. In April the 72d embarked for England, and two companies of The 2r)th were stationed in the Castle. The Head-qnarters of The Regiment moved there at the same time, but siibse- quently returned to the Main Barracks. On the 6th of May the Lloyds freight-ship anchored in the bay, having on board the last division of The Regiment imder Captain Hamilton, who had under his command one lieutenant, one adjutant, three sergeants, live corporals, and one hundred and twelve privates ; one pi'ivate of The 25th died during the voyage. This ship also contained officers and men of the 27th, 75th, and 9lst Regiments, for service in the colony : the whole of the troops disembarked in the afternoon. This detachment had embarked and sailed from Devonport on the 20tli of February, and from Cork on the 27th of February. On the 20th of May Major-general Sir George Napier, K.C.B., Gover- nor and Coniman "er-in-chief, inspected The Regiment. On the 13th of May 1841 the Governor inspected The Regiment, and on the 15th six invalids embarked for Europe. On the 31st of August a draft, consisting of Captain Wells, Ensign Priestley, two sergeants, one corporal, and twenty- eight privates, arrived from England in Simon's Bay, and joined the Head-quarters at Cape Town the same day. In the month of October The Regiment was again inspected. On the 3d of May 1842 the Governor inspected The Regiment. Towards the beginning of this year a detachment of troops, under Captain Smith, 27th Regiment, consisting of about two hundred and fifty men of that corps, some artil- lery, and a small l)(>dy (tf the Cape corps, had been marched U5 RECORDS OF THE KING's OWN BORDERERS. 309 tlirougli the friendly Gaffers' country beyond the frontier of the colony, to re-occupy the settlement of Natal, a depend- ency of Cape colony, which had been formerly held by a portion of the 72d Regiment. The re-occupation was the result of the disaffection of the Dutch inhabitants, who had emigrated from the parent colony. On the 11th of .June Sir George Napier received a brief despatch from Captain Smith, informing him that in a night- attack on the camp of the Dutch (who refused to acknow- ledge themselves subjects of Great Britain) he had met with a repulse, and had suffered severely in killed and wounded ; that the Enemy were too strong for him, and that the ut- most he could do was to defend himself until relieved. In consequence of this report, detachments of The 25th Regiment, under Major D' Urban and Captain Hamilton, were embarked ; the former from Simon's Town on the 14th, on board H.M. ship Southampton of fifty -two gmis, Captain Ogle, R.N., and the latter from Cape Town, on board the Maid of Mona, coaster. These portions of The Regiment thus placed under Major D' Urban amounted to four captains, ten subalterns, one adjutant, one assistant-surgeon, sixteen sergeants, sixteen corporals, six drummers, and three hun- dred and forty-four privates ; so that there remained at Head- quarters only the Grenadiers and a few iuA ilids. Lieut.-colouel Cloete, Deputy Quartermaster -general, a colonist of Dutch extraction, was chosen by the Governor as the most eligible person to treat with the revolted Boers. Lieut.-colonel Chambers, who was his senior, did not em- bark; consequently the Head ^ quarters remained at Cape Town. At two o'clock on the afternoon of the 14th the South- ampton weighed and stood out of False Bay, and about two P.M. on the 2i)th dropped anchor offCape Natal. The arrange- rs ij. A (lisiifTcH!- tii>ii titkcs place anions tliu Dutch lluers. A InrKc do- tixohiiK'iit of The Rcgi- iiitiit, under the com- IIlMll'l of Major D'Ur- Imn, is M'lit to ncsist ill (luellint,' ttio insurreclioii. > : 310 RECORDS OF THE KING S O^VN BORDERERS. laia. |!!lii I ments to prevent a lauding could be seen, but not tlioi- oughly, as the sandy point where the chief force was, and Avhere the insurgent flag was flying on a small hill, was covered with thick brush. When the Southampton anchored, her sixty-eight pounders were brought to bear on the small hill alluded to, and upon which a few shot and shell were thrown. A sergeant and six men of The 25th were placed under the command of Lieutenant M'Lean, in a boat armed with a swivel-gun. The proceedings, however, of the day are described in the following despatch and order : Account of ' Port Natal, 28th June 1842. the proceecl- inffsatrort ' SiT, — On the 27th instant I availed myself of a Caffer messenger Natal. " " to rei)ort to your Excellency, in a few words, that Port Natal was in our possession. ' It is now my duty to give the details of my proceedings, H.M. ship Southampton arrived and anchored off Port Natal on the night of the 25th instant. Here was found at anchor the schooner Conch, with Captain Durnford, 27th Eegiment, and a detachment of one hundred men, two small howitzers, and some stores, dispatched by Colonel Hare from Algoa Bay on the 10th instant. Captain Durn- ford reported that the insurgent Boers had refused him all communi- cation with the shore ; and Captain Smith (vide enclosure No. 1), who was still holding his post, that the headlands at the entrance of the harhour were armed with guns, and that the Boers had collected in force to oppose our landing. Signal-guns and rockets were fired to intimate our arrival to Captain Smith, and every arrangement made for carrying the place as soon as the tide served and the frigat^^ could be placed so as to cover our landing. * At two o'clock P.M. on the 26th instant the Southampton was in position, and the troops were embarked in the boats, which could only take eighty-five men. Thirty-five had been previously added to Captain Durnford's detachment on board the Conch, The sea-beach being impracticable, the previous order of attack was changed, and I directed Captain Wells, with a detachment of thirty-five men, to land mm CRS. IIECORDS OF TIIE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 311 ^ut not thor- )rce was, and mall hill, was ton anchored, on the small ^d shell were were placed a boat armed r, of the day ler : 8th June 1842. affer messenger 't I^atal was in edingg. H.M. 1 on the night hoonor Conch, ;hment of one chspatched by ^'aptain D urn- all communi- 'eJ!^o. l>,who iitrance of the 1 collected in were iired to gement made ft'igat'- could ipton was in which could sly added to le sea-beach nged, and I len, to land on the first point of the high bluff within the bar, and drive the Boers out of the thick bush ; whilst the Conch, the launch armed with a carionade, and the barge, were to proceed direct into the harbour, land, and take possession of the port. ' A fresh breeze fortunately set into the harbour at tlie time of our advance. The Conch, taking the boats in tow, crossed the bar at three o'clock. Captam Wells landed where directed, when a brisk fire was opened on the Conch and boats from both shores, and from the high wooded bluff within twenty yards of the boats. Yet, in spite of the short range and cross-fire under which the boats had to pass, so quick was our advance, aided both by wind and tide, that but httle effect was produced from their fire from opposite the landing- place, from whence the firing still continued. I ordered Major D'Ur- ban to land, who immediately jumped on shore, and we rushed to the flag-staff to pull down the colours, and give the frigate notice that we were in possession, and to cease firing. * The Boers abandoned their strong ground tlie moment we landed. Yet so thick was the bush and so broken the ground, that though, from the smart fire kept up, they must have been in force, yet not half-a-dozen of them were ever seen ; and on the southern bluff, so thick was the wooded covering that nothing but smoke from the fire- locks was seen. I have since learned tliat the number of Boers who defended the port amounted to three hundred and fifty men; their loss it has been impossible to ascertain. ' Having seized thus the i)ort, and landed the men from the Conch, the troops were immediately formed. Ca])tain Durnford was ordered to enter the bush on the right and drive the Boers before him, whilst I placed myself on a roadway in the centre. Major D'Urban taking the left along the harbour-beach. * In this order we advanced through a bush the character of which it is difficult to describe, and which might have been held by a hand- ful of resolute men against any assailants. * On reaching the open ground wc found the direction of Captain Smith's entrenched camp by the firing of his heavy gun ; we marched upon the point. Captain Smith now threw out a party, and we joined 1M2. i n. ^1 ' ■- ft : 1! ;^ 1 ; It i Ik f 1 * ■ m 'i \ 1 i^M 312 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. if*^*-'. liim at four p.m. Having thua executed your Excellency's commands with all military promptitude, by extricating Captain Smith and his brave detachment, I strengthened his post by Captain Durnford's de- tachment, and directed Major U'Urban to hold Stellar's Farm, return- ing myself to the port to arrange a post of defence with such of the troops as I expected would have been landed. * The gallantry with which Captain Smith defended his post for a whole month, under no ordinary circumstances of privation, having been reduced to horse-flosh for food, closely hemmed-in by a vigilant and desperate foe, with no less than twenty-six wounded within his closely-confined camp, is highly creditable to himself and his party. 'Thus was accomplished, within the incredibly short period of one month from the date of Captain Smith's report of his position, the relief of his party at a distance of one thousand fi,ve hundred miles from Cape Town, whence the relief was dispatched, his communica- tion having had to pass through hostile hands and a savage country. * I have now reported to your Excellency the proceedings which have placed me in possession of Port Natal ; and I have kept them distinct from any mention of the naval coopemtion and assistance I received from H.M. ship Southampton, feeling it to be due to Cap- tain Ogle commanding, to Commander Hill, and the Officers and crew of that frigate, that their service to us should be separately noticed, whether as to the cheerful good-will displayed towards us whilst on board, or subsequently in the more important service in covering our landing by the admirable practice from the ship's heavy battery, and spirited assistance given us by Captain Hill, in command of the boats. ' In my order of the day I have inadequately endeavoured to ex- press my thanks to those Olficers ; and I should not be doing them justice without reporting it here in the strongest terms. ' If our success be not absolut«?ly indebted to the opportune pre- sence of the Conch, to her protection must be mainly ascribed the very small loss we suffered in forcing the entrance. ' The troops conducted themselves with the greatest steadiness ; and I am much indebted to Major D' Urban for liis promi»t landing, and the assistance he has afforded me throughout these operations. IS. py's coinmanda pniith and his purnford's do- farm, return- |;h such of tlie his post for a 'ation, having by a vigilant led witJiin liis Ihis party, period of one position, the undred miles conimiinica- age country, edings which fo kept tliem assistance I ' due to Cap- pers and crew itely noticed, us whilst on covering our battery, and of the boats. 3ured to ex- doing thcjn fortune pre- scribed the steadiness ; |>t landiiicr, rations. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 313 *I also received the best support from every officer under my orders in conducting these operations, and particularly so from Lieu- tenant William Napier, who has acted as my aide, and has been of the utmost service to me, not only by his spirit in the active operations, but equally so by his attention to all details, so essential on such oc- casions. ' I enclose a return of casualties. ' I have, &c. (Signed) * A. J. Cloete, Lieut .-colonel. Deputy Quarter- ' master-general, conmiauding. ' His Excellency Sir George Napier, K.C.B., &c.' * Brigade Order. • Port Natal, 27th June 1842. ' No. 1. Lieutenant Cloete, commanding the troops at Natal, has to congratulate the detachment of Royal Ai-tillery under Lieutenant M'Clean, the detachment 25th under Major D'Urban, and the detach- ment 27th Regiment under Captain Durnford, with the success of the expedition on which they were employed, in extricating a detachment of H.M. troops under Captain Smith, closely surrounded by bands of hostile insurgent Boers, against whom they had gallantly maintained their post for a whole month, though reduced to horse-flesh for food. * Lieutenant-colonel Cloete has to thank Major D'Urban and the troops for their steady and spirited conduct in the affair of yesterday. ' To the able and spirited cooperation of Captain Ogle command- ing, and Captain Hill, and the officers and seamen of H.M. ship South- ampton, is entirely due the very trifling loss sustained in forcing the entrance into the harbour, in which the troops received the valuable protection of the Conch schooner, commanded by Mr. Bell. *No. 2. Correct returns will bo sent in immediately to Head- quarters of the exact strengtli of the several detachments composing the forces employed at Natal, with a nominal return of the casualties that occurred yesterday evening. (Signed) ' A. J. Cloete, Colonel, Deputy Quarter- ' master-general, commanding.' 184a. BriKiutc Order. i fit- wl- IPi 1= 314 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1S0, ( ■ I 1 IM^ The following are extracts taken from the Government Gazette extraordinary, published on the 15th of July 1842 : * Port Natal. ' Government Advertisement. ' Ills Excellency the Governor has been pleased to direct the fol- lowing despatches, from the officer commanding Her Majesty's troops at Port Natal, to he pul)lished for general information. ' By command of His Excellency the Governor. (Signed) ' J. Moore Craio, * Acting Secretary to the Government. ' Colonial Office, Cape of Good Hope, IGth July 1842. Extract from ' Natal Camp, June 30th 1842. Goveniinent ^vrtothe'" * ^"> — ^ ^^y^ the honour to lay before you the following parti - takfng^of"'' culars respecting the position of the forces under my command, from Tort Natal. ^-^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^ j^^j. jgspatch Until the period of their being relieved on the 26th of this month by the troops sent for that purpose from the colony. ' Various reports having been brought to me on the 25th of May, respecting the intention of the farmers to make a combined attack on the camp that night, I kept the troops under arms ; but nothing transpired until a short time previous to daybreak on the following morning, when volleys of musketry, accompanied by the fire of large guns, was heard at the point, which post, I regret to say, the Boers caiTied, after a desperate resistance on the part of the detachment stationed there. ' By this untoward event an eighteen-pounder, which there had not been time to remove, fell into their hands, as well as the greater portion of the government provisions landed from the Pilot. For- tunately all the powder, with the exception of a small portion for the eighteen-pounder, had been brought to the camp, in which I caused a field-magazine to be constructed ; the engineer stores were also saved. But there being no place at this post wherein the provisions could be protected from the weather, I had been obliged to leave the greater |(-(if '■■*'■' RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 315 ovornment. portion at the point, merely bringing up a few wagon - loads from time to time as required. Finding myself thus cut olT from my sup- plies, I resolved to concentrate the remainder of my force in the camp, and there await the reinforcement which I made no doubt would be sent from the colony on the receipt of the despatch forwarded liy me overland on the 25th of May, and intrusted to the care of Mr. King. * The farmers having desired the Captains of the Pilot and Mazoppa to write and express their willingness to enter into arrangements for the removal of the troops, which letter reached me the day after the point fell into their possession, I accepted their proposal for a truce, being desirous of gaining time to strengthen the post as much as pos- sible. During its continuance they sent in terms so ridiculously ex- travagant, that, although the quantity of provisions in the camp was extremely limited, I immediately broke off all communication with them, being fully determined, sooner than submit, to endure the ex- tremity of privation. I therefore placed the men upon half-allowance ; destroyed a small post, which I had caused to be erected between the camp and some buildings occupied by the English residents ; and made my position as secure as I possibly could, with a view to holding out till! last. 'Their arrangements being completed, the farmers, about 6 a.m. on the 31st, made a desperate attack on the camp, throwing into it during the course of the day 122 round shot, besides keeping up an incessant fire of musketry. On the following day (June 1st) they slackened their fire of musketry, but threw in 124 round shot ; and on the 2d opened a fire from the eiphteen-pounder, which they had con- trived to bring from the point, N/hile they still continued their dis- charges of musketry. During the course of this day they sent the Eev. Mr. Archbell with a flag of truce, proposing to allow the women to quit the camp, and to send back two wounded men ; but this was done merely to gain time to repair some works thrown down by the fire from our batteries. Here I think it right to observe, that they were incessantly employed every night in making approaches towards the post, which were constructed with considerable skill. This, the nature of the ground enabled them to do with much facility ; and from 1843. M w m li 'n ■i; ' > ilf ill 316 RECORDS OF THE KINO's OWN BORDERERS. U^ 184a, tlionco a most galling firo was constantly kept up, particularly on the two batteries, wherein I had placed the eighteen-pounder and howitzer. * Finding that the few cattle remaining at the Krall were dying, either from Avounds or want of sustenance, I directed that they should be killed and made into biltong, reducing the issue to half a pound daily. I also had a well dug in the camp, which gave good water, there being a risk in going to the vley at night, from whence we had liitherto procured it. ' In resuming my detail of proceedings, I may state that the attacks on the camp wore continued from day to day with more or less spirit by the farmers, who, having soon exhausted their iron balls, fired leaden ones from their large guns, in some instances sending them with much precision. Our practice from the camp was excellent, a shot from the eighteen-pounder having dismounted one of their six-pounders on the 3d instant, besides wounding several of those attached to it. ' On the night of the 8th I sent out a party to destroy some works in our front, which was accomplished without loss. In a subsequent sortie, made on the night of the 18th instant, we were less fortunate, although the duty was performed with great gallantry, the Boers being surprised in their trenches, and many bayoneted after a stout resist- ance. In this attack, which was headed by Lieutenant Molesworth, 27th Kegiment, I had to regret the loss of Ensign Prior and two pri- vates of the same corps, who were killed, besides four others being severely wounded. * Upon inquiring into the state of provisions this day, I found that only three days' issue of meat remained. I therefore directed that such horses as were living might be kUled and made into hiltong. We had hitherto been issuing biscuit-dust, alternating with biscuit and rice, at half allowance. The horse-flesh, of which there was but little, wo commenced using on the 2 2d ; and by a rigid exactness in the issue, I calculated we might hold out, although without meat, for nearly a month longer, for we had eleven bags of forage-corn in store, which I had commenced grinding into meal ; and by every one con- tributing what remained of private into the public stock, a tolerable quantity of various articles or sustenance was procured. RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN RORDERERS. 317 Jularly on the land liowitzor. |1 were dying, It tliey should |lialf a pound good water, lience we had ^t tlio attacks or less spirit halls, fired 'nding them ellent, a shot six-pounders ched to it, some works subsequent 3S fortunate, Boers being stout resist- Molesworth, md two pri- •thers beinff found that rected that iltong. Wo biscuit and 3 but little, 'ess in the ' meat, for n in store, Y one con- i tolerable ' On the night of the 24th several rockets, apparently from a vessel in the bay, assured us that relief was nigh at hand; these wo ans- wered. On the night of the 25th the many rockets from seaward assured us that not only was a vessel in the bay, but that she was communicating with another in the offing ; a surmise corroborated on the following day by the landing of a party under Colonel Cloete, and their final relief of the post, in gallant style, between three and four o'clock in the afternoon. ' To the dry detail of proceedings I have given I beg to add a few remarks ; and first with respect to our loss. Within the period em- braced between the 31st of May and 25th of Juno, G51 round shot of various sizes had been fired into the camp, in addition to a continued and watchful fire of musketry; and yet our loss during this period was but 1 sergeant and 2 privates of the 27th killed, and 3 wounded, ex- clusive of the loss I have previously noted as occurring during the sortie on the morning of the 18th instant. The damage to the wa- gons and tents, and private as well as public property, was, however, great ; for these it was impossible to secure in such a manner as to preserve them from injury. * Among the serious disadvantages I had to contend with, I may mention that the numerous people attached as leaders and drivers to the different wagons, many having large families who required to be fed, hampered me sadly in the trenches, while the vast number of cattle, originally with wagons, \» ere a very material incumbrance. ' These, however, were soon driven off ; for nearly all the Boers (contrary to the opinion entertained in the colony) were mounted, and thence enabled to move from point to point with a celerity which baf- fled nearly every movement that infantry could make against them. ' I have thus given the detail of the chief circumstances connected with the command intrusted to me. That it should have been so far unsuccessful, I regret ; but the resistance on the part of the farmers since my arrival has been universal, those few who professed themselves friendly having carefully abstained from giving assistance, in most cases using that profession as a convenient fcrecn for the purpose of hiding their disaffection from observation. All the property of the English 1843. ^ \ 1 i ■■ i ?\ 318 RECORDS OF THE KINQ's OWN BORDERERS. 1842. residents the Boers plundered and sent to Pietorinaritsburg. Thoy also took tl^e greater part of the freight of the Mazeppa (including the ■whole of my own property), which they sent to the same place. The prisoners taken at the point, English residents as well as soldiers, have also been marched thither j and the former have, I understand, been treated with great harshness. After being plundered, the Mazeppa escaped from the harbour on the night of the 10th instant. * In conclusion, I beg to state that nothing could exceed the pati- ence and cheerfulness evinced by the troops under the privations they suffered ; and I feel satisfied that, had it been necessary to have held out for a longer period, they would have endured their farther continuance without a murmur. * I have the honour to be, Sir, your most obedient hunible servant, * J. C. Smith, Captain 27th Regiment. ' His Honour Col. Hare, C.B. and K.H., Lieut. -governor.' ■ »■' " E' f;' i |'t!fl m^ ENCL08UUE No. 1. ' De Generaale Commandant van de Uitgewekene Eniigranton van Natal is stellig van mening hoe ook genaamd geene correspondentie met het lager van Captain Smith toe te laten. ' Den 26 Juny 1842.' Translatio7i. * The General Commandant of the Emigrants of Natal has posi- tively determined to allow of no correspondence with Captain Sinith's oamp.' Enclosure No. 2. ' Memorandum. ' RM. Sliip Southampton, 2Gtli Juno 1842. 'The attack on the emigrant farmers' position at Natal will bo made in two divisions. The first under the immediate command of Lieut. -colonel Cloete, who will cross the bar, force the entrance, and seize the sandy point. 'The second division, commanded by Major D'Urban, will land, if practicable, on the sea-beach, about a mile above the sandy point, spread himself, take the insurgents in flank, forming by his left a :rs. urg. Thoyalso iding the whole The prisoners ii rs, have also orstand, been the Mazeppa int. cceed the pati- tlie privations 3ssary to have their farther ble servant, til Regiment, nor.' ligranton van rrespondentie RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 319 tal has po?i- >tain Smith's Juno 1842. ital will bo oniniaiul of itrance, and will land, indy point, his left a junction with Colonel Cloeto's division, and extend his right towards Captain Smith's camp, with whom he will open a communication, (Signed) * A. J. Cloete, Lieut. -colonel, Deputy Quartcr- ' master-general, commanding.' Enclosure No. 3. * Casually Return. ' Return of casualties during the disembarkation of II.M. troops at Port Natal, on the 2Gth June 1842 : Killed, one lance-corporal 25th Regiment; one private 27th Regiment. Wounded, three pri- vates 25th Regiment; one private 27th Regiment ; and two seamen of II.M. ship Southampton. Total killed, 2 ; wounded, 4. ' Navies. — Lance-corporal Arthur, 25th Regiment, Light Company, killed, 1 rivate Richmond, 25th Regiment, Light Company, wounded dangerously (in despatch of 27th June included among the killed). Private Dennis, do. do. wounded. Private John Cross, do. do. wounded. * Private Jennings, 27th Regiment Grenadiers, killed. Private M'Caffry, do. wounded. (Signed) ' A. J. Cloete, Lieut. -colonel, Deputy Quarter- * master-general, commanding.' ' Return of the guns, ammunition, &c. taken at Port Natal on the 2Gth June 1842 : 1 iron gun (4-pounder), placed on the north side of the harbour to command the entrance ; 1 do. do. (4-pounder), placed on the bluff point, south side of the harbour, looking seaward ; 2 quarter - barrels of powder, L, G ; 14 rounds of i ^munition, 3 lbs. each, with lead balls, weighing C and 8 lbs., 14 in number. (Signed) * P. Maclean, Lieutenant, commanding ' Royal Artillery.' ' Tort Natal, 3d July 1842. < Sir, — ^The immediate effect of taking Port Natal on the afternoon of the 2Gth ultimo, as reported in my despatch of the 28th to your Excellency, was, that on the same night the master of the Pilot brig, who had been detained as a prisoner among the Boors, and four other 1843. mmi % 320 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1842. persons, made their escape from Congella during the panic caused by our advance movbinent on Captain Smith's camp, and joined me at this place. They report to me that the Boers had abandoned Con- gella in the greatest haste, and had taken flight. * On the morning of the 28th, however, we discovered with our spy-glasses that there were a number of horses about Congella ; and I immediately determined to march upon it ; for which purpose I col- lected from each of the outposts one hundred men, and with this force and a howitzer I took the road to Congella. A small party of the insurgents' scouts were seen a little in advance of the place ; on per- ceiving our approach they retired under shelter of a bush, and we entered the village, consisting of about fifteen or twenty houses, with- out any opposition. Here we found some stores, merchandise, spirits in casks, and their curious establishment for moulding six-pounder leaden shot. I resisted the burning of the place, and prevented all plundering. As, however, the troops were wiinout any of the pro- visions to be landed from the Southampton, and Avith only two days' provisions in hand, I directed such articles of consumption as were necessary for the use of the troops to be put into a wagon which we found there, and conveyed those supplies to the camp. ' Four persons, inhabitants of Congella, gave themselves up to me ; one, Quintus, a German naturalist ; aiiother, Scholts, practising as a doctor ; and two others. I availed myself of these people to convey to these misguided Boers the merciful intentions of the Government, placing in their hands a copy of a public notice which I affixed to one of the houses at Congella ; and having liberated these people, I re- turned to the outposts with the troops, I regretted my force did not permit me to leave a guard for the protection of the property, the more so as I felt every apprehension that the number of Caffers who had made their appearance as soon as we got into the place would plunder it the moment of our leaving it. * I understood the Boers to have retired to one of their camps about twelve miles off, where they were said to be four hundred strong, with four or five guns. 'Without any of my provisions or anmmnition yet landed from !«i- !• 1 ■■■i IS. nic caused by joined me at landoned Con- ered with our ingella ; and I purpose I col- svith this force 1 party of the place ; on per- bush, and we r houses, with- landise, spirits ig six-pounder prevented all ay of the pro- only two days' iption as were igon which we ves up to me ; )ractising as a pie to convey 3 Government, affixed to one 3 people, I re- j force did not )erty, the more lifers who had would plunder ir camps about id strong, with t landed from RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 321 the Southampton, or any means of organising transport, 1 did not feel justified in entering upon any forward movement, which would tend only to lead me away from the more important object of strengthening my posts, forming and securing my magazines. ' Upon these objects I have since been engaged ; and having re- quired of the Gaffers to bring me in as many horses and cattle as they could get, I have no doubt that I shall soon bo in a condition to take the offensive with some effect. ' The Boers will in the mean time have had ample time to consider their position and the terms of my notice, upon the subject of which I received on the 30th ult. a letter from Pretorius, their military commandant, asking me if I wished to confer with them, and if so, to appoint a place between Congella and Captain Smith's camp to meet him. I answered, that I could enter into no negotiation with him, without a previous declaration of submission to Her Majesty's author- ity. To this I have received no reply. ' Several inhabitants, fifteen in number, have come in and taken the oatli of allegiance. ' On the 28th, 29th, and 30th the weather had continued so bois- terous that, on an attempt being made on the last of those days to send on shore some provisions, the men's packs, and our ammunition, the boats struck on the bar, one man of The 25th Regiment was drowned, the whole of the provisions wore lost, all the men's packs thrown ov(3rboard, and 18,000 rounds of ammunition destroyed. The greater portion of the men e packs were fortunately picked up on the beach the following morning, when we found that the frigate had been obliged to put out to sea. ' I regret to be obliged to close this despatch with a report which reached me last night, that the Gaffers had begun to set upon the Boers, and that three had been killed by them. The enclosures explain tlie manner in which I have treated this subject, and upon the princij)lo of which I purpose strictly to act ; for if England will not put down tlie Boers by her own legitimate means, it were better to abandon the question altogether, and submit even to the in.sult we have leceived, than to adopt tlie degrading process of enlisting the savage in our Y 1842. * }■ 322 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. cause, or call upon tho Zoolah assegais to commit all the atrocities of indiscriminate bloodshed and spoliation. ' I have received such aid from Lieutenant M'Lean, Eoyal Artil- lery, and his services will be of such advantage to me in our forward movement, that I have not sent him back in the Soulhampton. I hope to bo able to send tho sick and wounded by her. ' I have the honour to be, Sir, * Your Excellency's most obedient humble servant, * A. J. Cloete, Licut.-colonel, Deputy Quarter- master-general commanding. * His Excellency Major-general Sir G. Napie", K.C.B., &c. 'P.S. Since writing the above, the Maid of Mona has come to anchor, and the Reform is in tho offing. *A. J. Cloete.' ' Notice. 'Congella, Tort Natal, 28th Juno 1842. * 1. By the authority vested in me, a free imrdon is hereby granted to all deserters from Her Majesty's Anny who shall return to their colours at the head-quarters of the troops at Port Natal within ten days of this date. * 2. All inhabitants of Natal who shall be peaceably disposed shall, on making their submission to Her Majesty's authority, receive pro- tection and remain unmolested. All those neglecting to do so will be treated as being in arms against Her Majesty's Government. (Signed) * A. J. Cloete, Lieut.-colonel, Deputy Quarter- master-general commanding.' * Notice. ' Port Natal, 2d Ju ly 1842. 'A report having been brought in to mo that the Caffers have killed three Boors (Dirk van liooyen, Theunis Ooethuizcn, and an- other),' tho insurgent Boers are warned of consequences such as these, which it will be impossible to arrest wliile they continue in arms against Ker Majenly's authority ; and thus bringing all the evils I RECORDS OF THE laNO'S OWN BORDERERS. ,23 atrocities of and horrors of Cafler murder and devastation upon themselves, their families and properties, in spite of every endeavour on the part of ller Majesty's troops to prevent thoui. (Signed) * A. J. Cloete, Lieut.-colonol, Deputy (tUiarter- raaster-general commanding. ' im'2. r. Cloete.' ' Port Natal, 4th July 1842. * Sir, — Since writing to your Excellency yesterday, I have received from Pretorius a communication complaining that the Caffers were committing fierce outrages upon the Boers ; that we were receiving the cattle plundered from the Boers ; that the destruction of the Caf- fers must follow such proceedings ; and that, anxious as the Boers were to put a stop to all this war and coming bloodshed, it was im- possible for them to accede to the conditions of my notice, whicli required, as a first step, a declaration of submission to Her Majesty's authority ; and he ends his letter thus : " I must also acquaint you that we have already made over this country to His Majesty King George of the Netherlands, and have called upon that power to protect us j so tliat we have every right to expect that our cause will l^e supported in Europe." ' My answer to this letter is enclosed (see below). I have also been informed that Pretorius and liis hostile bands have retired from this neighbourhood to within fifteen miles of Maritzburg. This sud- den move I ascribe to the rumour that has just reached me, that Panda and the Zoolahs were marching against the Boers. ' All this is a melancholy state, but unavoidable when dealing with such elements. — I have the honour to be, Sir, ' Your most obedient humble servant, ' A. J. Cloete, Lieut.-colonel, Deputy (jhiartor- master-general commanding. ' His Excellency Major-general Sir G. Napier, K.C.B., &c. ' P.S. The detachment by the Maid of Mona has been landed. 'A. J. C 1 i ! i m f 1 ifln i,\ iftn «ii l| II ft I ™ ' 1 if f i ■ ■ 1 if i ilL 324 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1848. [Copy.] ' Port Natal, Sd July 1842. ' Sir, — I have received your letter of this day's date ; and no ono can lament more than myaelf the melancholy prospect before us o^ seeing the savage engaged in a murderous onset of extermination against you and your fellow-countrymen ; but it is an evil so unavoid- ably consequent upon the events which you and your unfortunate misguided people have brought about, by your acts of determined hostility against Her Majesty's Government and troops, that it ought not to surprise you ; and in spite of all my efforts to prevent, and my determination to arrest, as far as in me lies, these excesses (as you will have seen by my public notices of yesterday, which I have sent to you), you must be perfectly well aware that, beyond such positive prohibition, and the having employed jiersons to explain my deter- mination to tlie Gaffers, I have no power over these people. ' I have certainly required the Gaffers to bring into my canton- ments all the horses and cattle they can get, so as to enable me to act with vigour, and put down the state of war and bloodshed which you have spread over these districts ; and to expect that 1 should deprive myself of the only means I possess of equipping myself, and that, too, in the face of your having cut off the whole of Gaptuin Smith's cattle, to the amount of some seven hundred oxen, besides causing the de. struction of his horses, and having farther seized all the stores of those inhabitants who were peaceably disposed towards Her Majesty's Go- vernment, is to suppose me incapable of reasoning and acting. You have caused tlie horrors of tliis state of things, and you must bear the consequences to yourselves, your properties, your wives, and your cliildren. * You say you would still be disposed to avert the evils of this coming bloodshed, which you are aware will load to extermination. If you are sincere in this, there can be nothing degrading, in so great a cause of humanity, in giving in your submission to Her Majesty's authority, as an indispensable and preliminary step to a final ad- justment, which you may be very certain the Government has every disposition to settle with justice and leniency towards the emigrant farmers; and in the favourable interpretation to your interest, you RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 325 •will find in myself a friend, rather than one inimical to your unhappy 1842. countrymen. * I much regret that you should have allowed yourselves to be so grossly deceived with regard to the intentions of the King of Holland, by a person totally unaccredited, and that you should have been urged to act as you have, upon the vain supposition that any of the Euro- pean Powers would lend an ear to any question arising between England and her Colony of the Cape of Good Hope, of which you cannot be so ignorant as not to know that Port Natal has always been a dependency. ' I shall be happy to lend my best efforts to arrest any general rising, or partial acta of violence, of the Zoolahs or Caffers ; but I fee? my incapacity to do much in this respect while your people continue in arms against Her Majesty's authority, and thus lead these tribes to think that whatever injury they do you must be pleasing to the Government. — I have the honour to be, Sir, ' Your most obedient humble servant, ' A. J. Cloete, Lieut.-colonel, Deputy Quarter- * M. Pretorius. master-general commanding.* Lieutenant Napier acted as Aide-de-camp to Colonel Cloete during the expedition. Lieutenant Gildea commanded the company ordered to be left behind to reinforce Captain Smith. On the 1st of August 1842 H.M. ship Isis an-ived in Si- icnt'^tne mon's Bay with a detachment of The 25th Regiment on arnvrain board, under the command of Brevet-major O'Connor, con- sisting of two captains, five subalterns, and two hundred and five non-commissioned officers and men. The whole dis- embarked and joined Head-quarters the same day. On the 5th H.M. ship Lily arrived, having on board one captain. Another de- the adjutant, one assistant-surgeon, and forty men. These *'''^^8*- also, upon landing, joined Head-quarters at Cape Town. The following General Order of the 19th of July was published on the success of the above expedition : 320 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORPERERS. 11 t' i J ■' 1 1 ' i if i pl'li 1 HI 1843. Ooncral Order roln- tiv(! t<) tho cxi)odiUoM to Port Natal. ' Head-quarters, Cape Town, 19th July 1842. * 1. The Commander-m-chief has groat satisfaction in announcing to tlie troops of this command tho complete success of the detachment of Her Majesty's Forces sent, under Lieutenant-colonel Cloete, to re- inforce Captain Smith, 27th Regiment, and to relieve that officer and his gaUant band from their perilous situation, as well as to retake tho port of Natal. 'These objects have been obtained by the gallantry of British officers and soldiers, and gallantly supported by the officers and men of H.M. ship Southampton, under Captain Ogle, a combined force which the insurgent Boers could not withstand for one moment, hav- ing fled as soon as tho troops landed, thus showing these rebellious subjects of Her Majesty the impossibility of their being able to stand against the united loyalty and bravery of British soldiers and sailors. ' 2. The Commander-in-chief takes this opportunity of thanking Lieutenant-colonel Cloete commanding, Major D'Urban second in command, Lieutenant M'Lcan commanding Eoyal Artillery, and the rest of the officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers of tho ex- pedition, including Captain Duruford 27th Regiment, and the officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers of the detachment under his orders, sent by Colonel Hoare from Fort Elizabeth, for their spirited and gallant conduct, as reported by Lieutenant-colonel Cloete. * 3. The Commander-in-chief deems it his especial duty to call the attention of the troops under his command to the admirable conduct of Captain Smith, 27th Regiment, and the whole of the officers, the heads of departments, the non-commissioned officers and soldiers of tho detachment under that officer's command, coii sting of two com- panies 27th Regiment, and parties of tho Royal Artillery, of the Sappers and Miners, and of tho Capo Mounted Riflemen, 'Tho firmness, excellent discipline, and gallantry displayed by that little band of British soldiers and their commander, under a con- stant and heavy fire from tho insurgent Boers, as well as tho several privations they endured for one month previous to their relief by the force undpr Lieutenant-colonel Cloete, is a fresh proof of the indomit- i|i RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 327 able courage and loyalty which ever animates the breast of the British soldier, and will show the rebel Locrs the folly and hopelessness of their being able to withstand the power of the British Government. ' 4. The Commander-in-chief also takes this opportunity of thank- ing Captain Ogle, Commander Hill, and the officers and sailors, as well as Colonel Hughes and the Eoyal Marines of H.M. ship South- ampton, for the kindness shown by them to the troops while on board, and their gallant and active cooperation in the landing. ' 5. The Commander-in-chief feels assured that the troops will, equally with himself, lament the loss of Lieutenant Wyatt, Royal Ar- tillery, and Ensign Prior, 27th Eegimcnt, and all their brave com- rades who have fallen by the fire of the insurgents in t^eir various attacks against Captain Smith's camp ; but as they lived good soldiers, so have they as gallantly died as loyal subjects and true Christians. (Signed) ' George Napier, Captain, Acting Deputy Quartermaster-general.' 1842. Before any part of The Regiment returned, one of the The iictui- •-i'niiiT-> quarters of transports, the Ocean Queen, had arrived in 1 able Bay, to 'nio iiogi- convey a part of The Regiment to India. No time was lost, \^^J°^ therefore, in putting the Head-quarters on board, which em- barked, under Lieutenant-colonel Chambers, on the 11th of August 1842. Strength as follows: One lieut.-colonel, one captain, one quartermaster, one sm'geon, eleven sergeants, six corporals, five drummers, one hundred and seventy-eight privates, twenty-one women, and thirty-eight children, the Grenadier and Light company. The following general order was issued on the occasion by Sir George Napier : ' General Order. ' Head-quarters, Cape Town, lOth August 1842, ' Jieutenant-colonel Cliambers boiug al)out to embark to-morrow «c'>crai '^ Order issued for India in the Ocean Queen, with tJic Flank companies and the ^n the occa- ■■ ! i iii] 328 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1843. Head-quarters of The 25th Regiment, his Excellency the Commander- in-chief takes this opportunity of expressing to Lieutenant -colonel Chambers, the officers and non-commissioned officers and soldiers of that distinguished corps, his unqualified approbation of their good and orderly conduct during the period of nearly two years and a half that The Regiment has been under his command, and at the same time to compliment Lieutenant - colonel Chambers on t' e t-dmirable appear- ance and discipline of his Regiment. The Commander-in-chief has also the satisfaction to make known to Tlie Regiment that Lieutenant- colonel Cloete has reported to him the excellent behaviour of that part of The Regiment under Major D'Urban, which the Lieutenant- colonel had with him in the late expedition to Port Natal, which has ended in the entire subjugation of the rebellious subjects of the Queen, and restoration of tranquillity in that territory, through the measures adopted by Lieutenant-colonel Cloete, and approved of by the Com- mander-in-chief. (Signed) ' A. J. Cloete, Lieutenant-colonel, Deputy Quartermaster-general.' ^ il'iii ,t! il| CHAPTER XVIT. 1842. for India. On the 13th of August the Ocean Queen sailed, and the tiio ocean ... Queen »aik second transport, the Neptune, arrived in Simon's Bay. On '<« ludia. the 15th the third 'le'achment from Natal, under Captain Wells, arrived on board the Maid of Mona, and landed, hav- ing on its passage put into Algoa Bay on the tSOth, and stayed there until the 31st of July. Strength : one captain, two subalterns, and seventy men. On the 20th the second division for India marched to tuJ-la^wiia Simon's Town, and there embarked on board the Neptune. Captain Barnes commanded, under whom were two captains, four lieutenants, one assistant - surgeon, eleven sergeants, two drummers, ten corporals, one hundred and ninety-one privates, twenty-two women, and twenty-four children. The third trans})ort for India, the Vellore, arrived in Simon's Bay the night previous to this embarkation, and the Nep- tune sailed on the 22d of August. The Vollore remained long at anchor, as it was necessary not only to wait until the company left at Natal should re- turn to Cape Town, but also until troops arrived from home to garrison Cape Town. The relieving Regiment arrived in the bay just before one of those violent storms which frequently visit Table Bay ; and as it was the cause of part of The 25th Regiment being detached to Now South Wales, a brief mention of it may be permitted. On the 24th of August the Waterloo convict ship, with n J: 1843. 330 RECORDS OP TIIE KINO'S ONVN BORDrRERS. a guard of tho 9l8t Regiment (Captain Hext, 4tli Regiment, and Ensign Leigh, 99th Regiment, being the officers in charge), arrived in the bay ; and the following day the Aber- crombie Robertson, a transport having on board the re- serve battalion of tta 9l8t Regiment, under Lieut.-colonel Lindsay, which wo>i to supply the plact of The 25th Regi- ment in Cape Towl. At 1 A.M. on the 28th both these vessels were driven from their anchorage by a furious gale of wind, accompanied by , thunder and lightning and torrents of rain. The thunder was so terrifically loud, that the guns of distress could not bo heard; and before morning, these vessels, along with m£«uy others, were ashore. Those on board the transport were saved ; but one hundred and eighty convicts, and six- teen soldiers cf the guard, were drowned within a few yards of thi3 shore, and in sight and hearing of those on the beach. The convict ship was old and rotten, and went to pieces almost immediately. The remainder of the convict guard was attached to The Regiment, and the gale continued the whole of the next day. On the 8th of September the gale was renewed ; and besides the wrecks previously mentioned, by the afternoon of the 9th thirteen vessels were ashore, more or less damaged. On the 30th Lieutenant Gildea's company landed from Natal, from which it had embarked on the 19th of Sep- tember 1842. On the 13th of October tho survivors from the wi'eck of tho Waterloo were put on board the Cape packet, together with one sergeant and fourteen privates of The 25tli Regi- ment, to replace those of the guard who were lost. A detach- On the 15th this vessel sailed for New South Wales ; and ncgimcnt ou the 18th the last division for Lidia embarked at Simon's sails for New South Wales, Town on board the Vellore. It consisted of Maior D'Urban ana the last -i.-*-iiiii'lL\:.i.h.\, RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 333 cholera uiitil the IGth of January, when Major D'Urban ar- rived from Poonamallee. His division had very bad weather en its march, and lost two men from cholera ; and when it arrived at Arnee, the Head-quarters were also attacked, and lost, from time to time, eleven men. On the 2d of February 1843 the two wings marched, by separate routes, for Bangalore, where +hey arrived on the 18th of the same month. Between the 6th of December 1842 and the time when The Regiment arrived at Bangalore, sixty-one men died from cholera. After a halt of three or four days The Regiment marched for Caunanore, where it arrived on the IGth of March, and was encamped on the Brigade-ground. Hero it remained until the 94th Regiment marched on the 22d to Trichinopoly. On the Ist of Apri' No. 5 Company was broken up, and distributed among the remaining nine companies, which was to be the established number for service in India ; the skele- ton company at Chatham being the tenth. W'}ien intelligence of the war in Scinde reached Madras, the Governor in Council placed The 25th Regiment, King's Own Borderers, at the disposal of the Bombay Government; and for a fortnight it was held for service in that part of the country. Brevet Major-general Allan, C.B., commanding the pro- vinces of Malabar and Canara, inspected The Regiment on the 11th of May. On the 2d of Juno the detachment of The Regiment, which had sailed from the Cape of Good Hope to New South Wales, arrived at Madras from the latter colony. It remained some time at Poonamallee, and reached Can- nanore on the 3d of November, under Lieutenant Northey, who had joined them at Madras from En^iaiid. On the 12th of December The Regiment was again in- spected. 1843. The Head- quarters at Arnee continue healthy un- til Major D'Urban arrives from Poona- mallee. Tlie two wings march (or Uanga- loro. Tlio Regi- ment is holil in remllnesn for Korvice in India. 1848. » f: m ' : ttf Disturb aiict'B arc proccuil there, 334 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. On the 22il of Jamiaiy 1844 Lieutenant Gildea embarked on board the Childe Harold for England, in charge of twenty- five invalids. On the 23d Ensign Brown arrived from Bombay with a draft of thirty-one men; and on the same day Lieutenant E. R. Priestley's promotion to a company being announced, Lieutenant Walker succeeded to the adjutancy. On the IGth of February six invalids sailed from Madras for England. On the 10th of May The Regiment was again inspected. In the beginning of 1846 the 57th Regiment, having com- pleted their tour of foreign service in the East, was ordered home ; and The 25th Regiment received one hundred and twenty-nine men who volunteered to remain in India. The Marquis of T weeddale, who was Commander-in-chief of Madras as well as Go\ ernor, inspected The Regiment on the 2d of December 1846, and expressed himself satisfied with them in all respects. One liundred and one volunteers from the 63d Regiment joined at Cannanore on the 17th of March 1847. In the commencement of 1848, just before Sir W. Bonham exTvctl^'in arrived at Hong Kong, a rupture was expected with the China ; Tho . . . , Rcjfimerit is Chiiiesc ; SO a requisition was made on the Madras Govern- orderotl to ' i romiilu^'^to" "^ent for troops. Consequently The 25th, The King's Own Borderers, was ordered to bo held in readiness to embark on the 11th of February. But before the order was received at Cannanore, tho right wing and Head-quarters, under tho command of Lieutenant- colonel Young (Colonel Chambers having been appointed Brigadier of Malabar and Canara), consisting of one major, ten lieutenants, the adjutant, the quartermaster, the surgeon, twenty-five sergeants, seventeen corporals, eleven drummers, and five hundred and eighteen privates, commenced its march for Fort St. George, wliich station The Regiment had been ordered to garrison. REC(3RDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. 335 1818. The left em- The loft wing was to proceed by 8ca; and two com- panies, of five officers, one assistant-surgeon, ten sergeants, ^^j^",^* eleven corporals, and two hundred and seventy-one privates, embarked in the East-India Company's steamer Tenasserim on the 9th of February for the Presidency. On the 19th news about China was received by the right wing, and on the following day by the two remaining companies of the left wing at Cannanore ; from whence they embarked in the East-India Company's steamer Enterprise for Hong Kong on the 2Gth of February. These companies consisted of one major, two captains, one lieutenant, one ensign, eight sergeants, eleven corporals, four drummers, and one hundred and forty-nine privates. The two first companies of the left wing having reached Madras, then became acquainted with the change in the destination of The Regiment; and having disembarked their women, children, and Bick, proceeded on to China. In the mean time the right wing pushed on with all speed, and arrived at Poonamallee on the 21st of March, when it was informed that The 25th would not be re- quired in China. During the march not one death took place, even among the camp-followers, a thing previously imknown. The left wing, in the Tenasserim and Enterprise, went tuo left as far as Singapore, and returned to Madras on the 15th cemsasfar and 2()th of March, and proceeded to Poonamallee to join the J^'r^^,; io"^*" Head-quarters there statioi i-d. After the departure of the ^^"'''''"'' 94th, which regiment The 25tli was to relieve, the 4th King's Own occupied Fort St. George luitil shipping could be pro- cured to take them home. On the 6th of April the right wing and one hundred and one men (volunteers from the 4th King's Own Regiment) took up their quarters at Fort St. George, followed on the 1 5th by the left wing. ^ 336 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1848. Colonel Col. Chambers, who had been removed to the command di^sntPoint- °^ Fort St. Gcorgc, embarked for Europe on account of ill '''■^'""- health on the 10th June, and died on the 18th at Point-de- Galle. The following letter from an officer announcing the mournful intelligence will, perhaps, not be out of place : Letter an- nouncing to The Regi- ment hia death. nm • Fort St. George, Madras, 29th J-rne 1848. * Sir, — With feelings of sincere sorrow for the loss of a brother officer, and, I may add, much valued friend for twenty-one years, it is my painful duty to announce to you, and to The Eegiment generally, a confirmation of the melancholy report in circulation for some days, of the death of Senior Lieutenant - colonel Courtenay Chambers. Official intelligence has just reached me that the sad event occurred at Point-de-Galle, Ceylon, on the night of the 18th instant, and that the funeral was to take place on the evening of the following day, with military honours, accompanied also by every other possible mark of respect. ' Until January last, when he succeeded at Cannanore to the com- mand of the province of Malabar and Canara, and subsequently, on arrival at Madras, to that of this garrison, Colonel Chambers had commanded The 25th Eegiment in the West Indies, the United King- dom, at the Cape of Good Hope, and in this Presidency, for the long period of eighteen years, and has ever been universally esteemed and respected throughout the corps. * It was on relinquishing the command of it that he issued hia last Itegimental Order ; the following extract from which may herq be properly quoted : " It is a duty Colonel Chambers owes to all ranks to express the pride he has invariably felt in his association with The Eoyal Borderers, as well as his deep regret that his stand- ing, in regard to military rank and position in this country, precludes him from retaining a command, which he has held for so many years, of a corps to which he always has been, and is, sincerely and de- votedly attached." * That such was the expression of his heartfelt sentiments is well known to, and duly appreciated by, every officer and soldier. RS. ;he command iccoimt of ill I at Point-de- nouncing the of place : 9th J-rne 1848. 38 of a brother enty-one years, The Regiment circulation for )nel Courtenay 3 that the sad ht of the 18th the evening of 1 also by every ore to the com- bsequently, on Chambers had United King- r, for the long esteemed and he issued his lich may herp s owes to all lis association lat his stand- itry, precludes many years, erely and de- inonta is well (lie.r. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 337 ' It now devolves on me to request that, as a faint tribute of i863. affectionate respect to the memory of the lamented Officer so recently and so long at the head of The Regiment, the Officers will wear a mourning of black crape on the left arm for one month from the date of this communication ; and I farther request you will be good enough to cause all regimental parades and duties to be conducted without beat of drum or sound of bugle for three days. ' I have the honour to be, sir, your most obedient humble servant, (Signed) ' J. R. Young, Lieut.-colonel H.M. 25th Regiment. * Lt.-col. Hollis, commanding H.M. 25th Regiment, Fort St. George.' In consequence of the riots in Ceylon in 1848, three com- panies and twelve officers were ordered for active field-ser- vice in that island, and the detachment embarked on the 3d of August; and on arrival at Trincomalee (where they remained two months) the garrison of that place marched inland. On account of the scarcity of troops -in Bengal, arising from the Sikh war, a wing of The 25th was ordered to Calcutta on the 14th of January, and returned to Madras in the middle of May. In December 1848 the left wing, consisting of one major, eleven officers, fifteen sergeants, nineteen corporals, seven drummers, and three hundred and sixty -six privates, re- lieved the 51st Regiment at Bangalore. The right wing arrived there on the 27th of January 1850, and the whole Regiment remained together until February 1852, when a wing marched to Poonamallee to relieve the 51st Regiment, which embarked for Rangoon at the commencement of the war in Burmah. The right wing arrived at Cannanore on the Ist of December 1852, and relieved the i)4th. In April 1853 two companies from Fort St. George embarked on board a steamer, which, having dropped one A detach- ment of Tlio Regiment is sent to Ceylon. The left wing proccedH to Bangnloro. The right wing also arrives there. f!' I ! 11^ iili ^r^ 338 RECORDS OF THE laXO'S OWN DORDERERS. 1853. CompH- iiieutary letter writ- ten upon tlie wing l«av- inpr Mndras. company at Calicut, proceeded to Cannanore, where it dis- embarked the other. Tlie foi'mer company Avas stationed at Malliapooram, eighty miles south-east of Cannanore, and thirty from Calicut. The two remaining companies of the wing joined Ilead- qurrters at Cannanore shortly afterwards. The following complimentary letters were written on the wing leaving Madras for Cannanore : ' Madras General Police Office. ' From E. F. Elliott, Esq. chief Magistrate and Superintendent of Police, to Lieut. -colonel E. Armstrong, Town Major, Foii St. George. ' Sir, — On the approaching departure of H.M. 25th Regiment, I consider it my duty ';o bring to notice the exemplary conduct of this fine Regiment whilst quartered in Fort St. George. With as mucli, or perhaps more, liberty than other regiments, the men have mixed with the inhabitants in so peaceable a manner that tliey have gained the confidence of the natives in a degree that I have never previously witnessed. Since the arrival of the wing in the fort, there has been no outrage against the person or property by any men of The Regi- ment ; and their conduct has been so steady and soldier-like, that it has not been found necessary to send pickets into the town at nights in search of absentees. I have the honour to request that you will bring this report before His Excellency the Right Honourable the Governor of Fort St. George, for such notice as he may deem it de- serving. (Signed) * E. F. Elliott, Chief Magistrate and Superintendent of Police. (Signed) ' E. Armstrong, Lieut.-colouel, Town Major.' ' Town Major's Office. * From Lieut. -colonel E. Armstrong, Town Major, to Major Wells, commanding left icing TI.M. 25th Regiment. ' Sir, — I have great pleasure in forwarding to you an extract from M!^or"\v?ns, Garrison Orders of this date, together with a copy of a letter from the the'wing.'"^ chief Magistrate therein referred to. Communi- cation from tlie Town Major of £n^^j7£^^.^'ifr>V(iM£dU9»mi oinctl Head- written on RECORDS OF THE KIXG'S OWN BORDERERS. 339 * To Lieutenant-colonel Schonswar, Brevet-major Hamilton, and to yourself, who have been successively in command of the wing of The Regiment since its arrival in garrison, the liight Honourable the Governor considers the greatest credit is duo for maintaining the high state of discipline and good order in The Ecgiment, which has elicited such deserved commendation, * I have, Sec. (Signed) ' E. Araistrono, Town Major. • Fort St. George, 2{1 April 1853.' 1853. 1, Town Major.' Garrison Order rela- tive U) tlin embarkation ' Garrison Orders by the Right Honourable the Governor, dated Fort St. George, 2d A/ ' 1853. * The last division of the left wing of i 25th "Regiment, under of V" « "^ "^ '^ ' under Major command of Major Wells, will be held in readiness to embark on ^^'^"^■ Monday next in the steamer Hugh Lindsay, under detailed instruc- tions from the Quartermaster-general of tbe Army. * The exemplary conduct of The 25th Regiment during the period it has been stationed at the Presidency has been specially brought to the notice of the Right Hon. the Governor by the chief Magistrate, who reports that, while freely mixing with the inhabitants, the men have at all times comported themselves in so peaceable a manner as to have gained the confidence of the natives in a degree that he has never before witnessed, there being no instance of outrage .against the person or property by any man of The Regiment since its arrival. ' There is no better evidence of the real state of discipline of a corps than the steady orderly conduct of all ranks in quarters ; and in this respect, as well as in the mode in which their military duties have been performed. The Borderers have well maintained the repu- tation of their distinguished corps. ' The Right Hon. the Governor will not permit The Regiment to quit the garrison without offering his best acknowledgment to all ranks, and expressing his high approbation of their soldier-like con- duct while quartered at Fort St. George. (Signed) ' E. AnMSTUONC, Lieutenant-colonel, Town Major.' I 1 mi !^' ) 1*1 18-i3. Tlie winjj nrrivt'S at SerinKiipa- tani. 340 RECORDS OF THE KING'S 0\VN BORDERERS. The wing that marched reached its new quarters with- out sickness, and its arrival at Scringapatara was most opportune. For some time a bad feeling had existed between the Hindoos and Mussulmans of the city; and two days before The Regiment arrived at Seringapatam, portions of a slaugh- tered pig had been thrown into the so-called Golden Mosque of the Mussulmans; and when a detachment of The Regi- ment got into the city, it was only just in time to save some of the lives of the Hindoos, who, it was now ascertained, had been the perpetrators of the deed. Five or six of the ringleaders were apprehended and taken to The 25tli camp, until a strong force of a native Regiment, stationed six miles off, arrived. Underneath is a letter from the Assistant Adjutant-general of the Mysore Division, forwarding an extract from a communication from the Commissioners of Mysore. No. 271. 'Lieutenant-colonel Schoriswar, commanding II. M. 25th Regiment. ' Sir, — I have the honour to annex an extract from a letter ad- dressed by the Commissioner in Mysore to the Major-general com- uiauiling the Division ; and I am tlirected by the Major-general to express his great pleasure in liaving it in his poAver to forward so complimentary a paragraph, and moreover that he feels sure you will always, when the opportxmity offers, merit the same. ' I have the honour to be, sir, your most obedient humble servant, (Signed) ' F. Knyvett, Captain, * Deputy Adjutant-general, Mysore Division.' The following is an extract from a letter from Lieut.- general M'Cubbord, Commissioner in Mysore, to Major-ge- neral Sewell, C.B., commanding the Mysore Division, dated Bangalore, 19th of November 1852 : '>^&_-^- RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 341 -rtere with- was most itween the lays before :)f a slaiigh- Icn Mosque The Regi- save some scertained, ended and )f a native ierneath is he Mysore atiou from Iteghnent. a letter ad- cneral com- T-general to forward so Jre you will ble servant, Division.' m Lieut.- Major-ge- on, dated No. 449. isft6. * I take this opportunity of requesting that you will be kind enough Extrnctfrom to convey to Colonel Schonswar, commanding H.M. 25th Regiment, MnjorVii."" the acknowledgment of this Government for the prompt and efticient MBjor.-i,aii. aid afforded by him to the authorities at Soringapatam.' In April 1854 Brigadier Brown inspected The Regiment at Cannanore, and directed tlie following order to be pub- lished : 'Cannanore, 20th April 1854. * Brigadier Brown, having completed his inspection of The 25th Eegiment, directs the commanding oflicer to express to the officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates of The Regiment his unquali- fied approbation of everything he has seen in the course of this in- spection, which will be most favourably reported to Head-quartors.' On the 3d of July Lieut.-eolonel Schonswar died, after an illness of eleven days. Brigadier Brown again inspected The Regiment in Oc- tober, and expressed his entire satisfaction with everything. In February volunteering for the 74th and 43d Regi- ments was permitted, preparatory to The 25th Regiment being recalled to England. In April Nos. 3, 6, 7, and light companies, under the command of Brevet-major Priestley, embarked in the ship Mobile for England. The remainder of The Regiment em- barked on board the ships Standard and Cheapside. The Head-quarters of The Regiment, in the former vessel, reached England on the 23d of August, and, remaining foiu* days at Chatham, proceeded to Manchester, where the depot joined them. On the 23d of July 1856 new colours wei*e presented to The Regiment by Lady Smith, Lieutenant-general Sir Harry Smith, K.C.B., being in command of the Northern District. Licut.-col, Sclioiisw:il (lies. Tlie Uejji- niL'iit fiii- liaiks for Eiigliiml. New colours are pre- sniit/Kl to nio Regi- lUL'Ht. 'awn smm i Wl^ If 1 1 342 RECORDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. 1S8H. Tlio Hcgi- mont moves to IJovcr. The n"gi- II I out in or- fiorcd to Gibraltar. Address of tlic principnl inliiibitants ami Mayor of lV)ver on Tlic llcfe'i- iiiciit leav- iiii; that place. On the Ist of October 1850 four companies were formed into a depot, wliicli moved to Preston in February, on the forma- tion of a depot battalion at tliat place. In May 1857 The Regiment formed the guard of honour for Her Majesty, on the occasion of the opening of the Man- chester Exliibition. On the 8th of July 1857 The Regiment moved to Dover, and was quartered in the Castle, and afterwards in the Western Heights Barracks. On the 11th of September the depot moved from Preston, and was attached to the depot battalion at Pembroke Dock. On the 5th of January 1858 an order was received direct- ing The Regiment to be held in readiness to embark for Gibraltar, having had a home service of only two years and five months. On this occasion a complimentary address was presented to The Regiment by the Mayor and principal in- habitants of the town of Dover. The following is a copy. ' To Colonel Hamilton, and the Officers, non-commissioned Officers, and Privates of The 25th Rerjiment {King's Own Borderers). ' We, the undersigned inhabitants of the ancient town and port of Dover, learn with deep regret that your gallant Eeginient is on the eve of leaving this garrison, being under immediate orders for foreign service. ' We more especially deplore the circumstance, because we believe that the horrible and atrocious rebellion in India has more or less to do ^vith your thus sudden removal, ' We feel that Ave cannot allow you to leave our town without ex- pressing our heartfelt satisfaction at the universal kind manner and deportment of the officers, and the quiet and exemplary behaviour of the non-commissioned officers and men composing your Eegiment dur- ing your stay in Dover. ' We wish to do this, not as an empty and formal compliment, but as a cordial acknowledgment of richly-desei-vcd merit ; for we now feel formed into n tho forma- rd of honour < )f the Man- 13 d to Dover, 'ards in tho roiu Preston, broke Dock, eived direct- ombark for vo years and address was principal in- is a copy. oned Officers, hrderers). wn and port of uent is on the Jers for foreign uso we believe uore or less to vn without ex- d manner and y behaviour of Eegiment dur- mpliment, but ur wo now feel RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 343 1868. assured that tho British soldiers can distinguisli themselves for sterling character and general good conduct, as well as for heroic valour and undaunted courage on tho battle-field. ' "Wo take leave of you with more than ordinary feelings of regret, sincerely wishing you, one and aU, every blessing that Providence can confer, and health, happiness, and prosperity wherever you may go.' Signed by tho Mayor and principal Inhabitants of Dover. On the 13th of January the Head -quarters. Grenadiers, Tho negi- 3d, 4th, 5tb, and Gtb companies, under command of Lieut.- ijnrks fo- . r > Gibraltar. colonel Hamilton, embarked on board H.M. ship Urgent, and the remainder of The Regiment, under Major Pitcairn, on board H.M. ship Vulcan, for conveyance to Gibraltar, where they arrived on the 18th and 19th of January 1858 respec- tively, and were quartered in Windmill-hill Barracks. About this time the authority for pipers being borne Authority upon the strength of The Regiment having been called in i'i!>crn is re- question, the following letter was received from the Horse Guards on the 24th of April 1858 : Copy.] 25^/j Foot • Horse Guards, 3d April 1858. Letter from the Horso 'Sir, — I have laid before the General commanding-in-chief your Guards with reference to letter of the 10th ultimo, with its enclosure, relative to the three the same, pipers possessed by The 25th Regiment ; and am directed to acquaint you in reply, that as it appears from Lieut.-colonel Hamilton's report that the permission for these men is lost in time, His Eoyal Highness will authorise their continuance. ' It must, however, be clearly understood that these men are to be on the footing of bandsmen, and not of drunmiers, as regards their being borne on the strength of Tho Eegiment, and also that the public is put to no expense for their clothing as pipers. ' I liavo, &c. (Signed) ' W. F. Foster, Deputy Adjutant-general. ' Lieut. -general Sir James Fergusson, K.C.B., Gibraltar.' 344 RECORDS OF THE KlN(j'S OWN BORDERERS. 1869. [Coj)!/.] 'Transmitted for the information and guidance of the officer con\- nianding 25th Foot. (Signed) ' Henuy Wynyard, Brevet-major, Gibraltar. ' Brigade Office, 24th May 1858.' !'l A rodistri- hutlon of The Iteifl- nient takes place. On the Ist of May 1858 a redistribution of The Regiment was effected, the number of the service companies being augmented by two, and the depot companies reduced by the same number. On the 11th of September 1858 The Regiment went into camp on the North Front, where it remained until the 17th of September, wlien it was moved into the Casement Bar- racks. On the let of April 1859 the depot moved from Pembroke Dock to Athlone, and joined the 12th Depot Bat- talion. On the 13th of May 1859 The Regiment again went into camp on the North Front, and remained under canvas until the 30th of September, when it occupied the Town Range, Wellington Front, and King's Bastion Barracks. ^S'^* m RS. the ofiicor coii\- it, Gibraltar, ?he Regiment panies being sduced by the ent went into until the 17th !asement Bav- movecl from th Depot Bat- jain went into r canvas until Town Range, 8. CHAPTER XVIII. In the December of 1859 a second Battalion was formed at \m. A 'ill Urtt- Preston in Lancashire, this being the third snice the first taiion i« embodiment of The Regiment in 1089. The present 2d Bat- tahon was raised In accordance with an order dated Horse Guards, 7th of November 1859, and received its first recruit on the 28th of December of this year; and was completed to its full complement of fifty-three sergeants, forty-nine cor- porals, fourteen drummers, and nine hundred and thirty-two privates by the 29th of March 18G0. The following is a list of officers : Brevet Lieut.-col. Allan, from the Slst Foot, to be Lieut.-col. ; com- mission dated 12th of December 1859. Captain H. J. Walker, from the 1st Batt. 25th, to be Major. Major N. G. Best, unattached, to bo Major. Cai: List of Offl- cors. [)tam d . Jii. Jjioomiieiu, i irom mu x>uiu. ^uiii, ti „ G. S. Hallowes }} 18th ut. J. E. Harvey >> 1st Batt. 25th „ A. C. Young j> 61st „ F. Wilkinson » 81st ,, H. Helsham M 53d „ A. S. Cooper )> 27th „ T. E. Gordon )> 27th „ E. G. Homo 7> 48th „ A. S. Cameron >t 72d „ F. A. M'Grath >> 84th „ H. K. Floyd >> 54th „ G. A. Elliot )> 33d to be Lieut >» 1^1 346 RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. a\ ' I860. Ensign F. G. Coloridgo from 4?d to be Lieut. laeut. C.C.M.de Carteret >» 88th » » M. W. O'Malloy M 82d it »» W. B. Kobertson J) 79th >} » J. 0. D. Annesley )> 68th ft »> H. J. Evans >> 68th » Ensign I L. Carwithen J> 1st Batt. 25th >> >) J. P. Mackinnon )> 72d V » H. A. Ellis » 92d » >) E. F. Ilanley >> 47th » >> W. H. Woodroofc » 39th » » C. B. Lewis )) 44th n » S. R. Handy >> ft « H. W. Scrivon » 3d to be Ensign. » E. B. Bowling }) 1st Batt. J5th j> J. T. Coko >) 21st W. S. B. Coulson, gent. W. T. Morgan ,, W. G. Knox ,, G. Dixon „ „ F. G. Lees „ „ E. U. C. Farnall „ „ Gent. Cadet S. E. B. Partridge, from E. :M. C. Lieut. S. Smith, from 97 th Foot, to bo Paymaster. Lieut. G. A. Elliot, to be Adjutant. Ensign Scriven to bo Instructor of Musketry. Sorgt. -major Wilkinson, from 3 2d Foot, to be Qntr. Assist.-Surgeon S. E. Eobinson, from 92d, to be Surgeon. Staff-Assist.-Surg. E. C. Markey, to be Aasist.-Surg. The2.inat- ^'^ ^*^® ^^^^ of May IHGO tlio 20 Battalion was inspected BpMtoi^by'' ^^y Lieutenant-general Sir John Pennefather, K.C.B., com- rocujfather. mauding the Northern District. The Lieutenant-general at the concluRion of his inspection expr'-'ssed his nnqnalified approval of The Regiment, imd he also expressed astonish- I liECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 347 ment at its gi-eat state of efficiency, and lie pnbHely declared is^^- that lie would bri jg most prominent 1} before the notice of His Royal Highness the Commander-in-chief the extraordi- nary progress so young a battalion hud made both In drill and discipline. On the 14tli of June 1860 the 2d Battalion proceeded to Aldershot, where it was inspected on the lOtli of June by Brigadier-general Brook-Taylor ; and on the IStli by General Knollys, who commanded the divi.sion. Both Generals com- plimented The Regiment upon the smartness of its appear- ance and upon its general efficiency. From that date it took part with the other regiments in all the duties and exercises of the camp, and frecj[uently attracted the atten- tion of His Rnyal Highi'.3S8 the Commander-in-chief, who pointed it out on several occasions to many foreigners of distinction. He also complimented Colonel Allan in the most flattering terms. On the 21st of August 1801 the 2d Battalio?i proceeded tiio -.-a B«t. ^ ■'• talion pro- to Slioriieliff, and was there inspected by Brigadier-general gj^o'/n^jfl, Sutton, C.B., who expressed himself highly satisfied both with the drill and interior economy of The Regiment. On the 14th, 17th, 21st, and 24th of May 1862 it left -n.onco to . ... . Edinburgh. ISliorncliflf in four divisions for Edinburgh. On the 25tli of April 1963 the Battalion paraded in Queen's Park, where the colours were consecrated by the Rev. A. E. Watson, and then presented to The Regiment by Lady Ju- coIoum nro • • prcsculoil to liana Walker. The garrison, consisting of tho Scots Grreys ^^^ uegi- and one Battery of Artillery, witnessed the cei'imony; and Lady Juliana Walker, having made an appKopriato speech, handed the colours to Enuigns Leadbetter and Shirley. The troops then returned to their respective quarters. On the loth of March 18(>'i tliere was a demonstration in the city of Edinburgh in honour of the marriage of the lii 348 RECORDS OF THE KINO S OWN BORDERERS. ftl iflca. Tlie TloKi Kdiiiburgli. Letter ad- dressed to The llcgi- niont. Prince of Wales with the Princess Alexandra. On this occa- theciiii'*''"* ^^^^^ t^^^ 2d Battalion was called upon to assist in pveserv- of t'lrdtrof ing order, and in acknowledgment of this service the Lord Provost addressed the following letter to Colonel Allan : • City Chambers, Edinburgh, 13th March 1863. * Sir, — For myself and the other Magistrates of the city I beg you will accept our grateful acknowledgments of the valuable cooperation and assistance rendered by you, and by the officers and men under your command, in connection with the demonstration in this city in honour of the marriage of their lioyal Highnesses tlio Prince and Princess of Wales, on the 10th instant. ' It affords me the greatest pleasure to be the medium of convey- ing to you the sense which the Magistrates entertain of the praisc- •v/^orthy manner in which your men coojjorated with the civil authori- ties in carrying out the arrangements, which conduced so largely to that success in which we all rejoice. ' I have the honour to be, sir, yours faithfully, (Signed) ' Charles Lawson, Lord Provost.' On the 21st of June the 2d Battalion received orders to hold itself in readiness to proceed to Ceylon. Consequently it marched from Edinburgh on the 13th of July 18(53 for Granton, where it embarked on board H,M. ship Orontes, which immediately sailed for Gosport, where The Regiment landed on thw 17th, and occupied the new Barracks, there to await transport to Ceylon. While at Gosport The Remanent was inspected by Lord William Paulet, C.B., who expiessed his approval of its «oldier-like appearance; and on the 28th of July 1803 it em- barked on board H.M. ship Himalaya, which weighed anchor Thn2diittt- ou tlic 21)tii, and the 2d Battalion commenced its first tour tnlioii pro- r f • ticdrt c.ii ius <)1 toreign service. flrsl, tour of " fnreiBii scr- Tlic strcugth of Tlic Rcgimcnt on the day of embarka- m. i ERS. On this occa- ist in presorv- •vice the Lord )nel Allan : 13tli Marcb 1863. ho city I beg you uable cooperation 8 and men under inn in this city in 3 the Prince and nedium of convcy- tain of the praiso- 1 the civil authori- luced so largely to J faithfully, SON, Lord Trovost.' iceived orders to Li. Consequently of July 1H03 for ,M. ship Orontes, ivo The Regiment Barracks, there to nspected by Lord 3 approval of its )f Julyl«t53item- ;h weighed anchor need its first tour LC day of umbarka- RECORDS OF THE KING's OWN BORDERERS. 349 tion was two field officers, eight captains, ten lieutenants, eight ensigns, six staff", six staff" sergeants, thirty-three ser- geants, thirty-eight corporals, twenty-one drummers, six hundred and sixty-two privates, sixty-three women, and eighty-six children. Tlie Himalaya arrived at Simon's Town, Cape of Good Hope, on the 28tli of August, and remained there until the 5th of September, when she again sailed, and anchored in the Columbo Roads, Ceylon, on the 24th of September. The Regiment now landed, and sent out the following detach- ments : one to Trincomalee, one to Kandy, one to Galle, and one to Nuwera Ellia. The detachments for Kandy and Nuwera Ellia were landed on the day of arrival, but the Head-quarters, which were to be stationed in Columbo, did not disembark until the next day. On the 28th of Jidy 1863 Major H. G. Walker succeeded to the command of The Regiment, vice Allan, who retired. On the 25th of September 1804 the 2d Battalion com- pleted its first year of foreign service, during which time it lost by death one surgeon (Doctor Brown), two sergeants, one drummer, twenty-five privates, four women, and thir- teen children. On the 22d of December 1864 the 2d Battalion was in- spected by His Royal Highness the Duke of Brabant, who expressed himself in the most flattering vjrms upon the appearance of The Regiment. On the 14th of Outobor 1865 Ensign Alfred James was accidentnlly drowned in the lake of Columbo, while endea- vouring to save the life of a native. On the 25th of September 1866 The Regiment completed its third year of foreign service, during which it lost by death two officers. Ensign James unc Quartermaster Kettyles , one sergeant, and fourteen privates. 1866. StroTiRth of Regiment oiidiiyofcm- biirkntiuii. The Rogi- luciit (lisoni- barkn at Columlx), and Htiiids out detach- ments. CHaualticH. Cnsualtien. ; r iii 1 1 350 RECORDS OF THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 1808. TheEcgi- ment cm- t.irks for India, And nsspm- bles at Dum Dum. Hoacl-qimr- tcrs and loft wing pro- ct-ed to Shah ■ jehani)oor. On the 22d of October of this year, Ensign Hamlet Wade Thompson was imfortunately accidentally shot, while prac- tising pistol-shooting with eome Officers of The Regiment. On the 2l8t of August 18G7 Major Charles John Stewart Wallace was promoted to the Lieut.-colonelcy, vice Fane, who retired on half pay. Lieut.-colonels Wallace and Walker exchanged battalions, the former taking command of the 2d Battalion. On the 12th of December of this year the 2d Battalion was inspected by Major-general Hodgson, previous ta its departure for India. The Major-general spoke in the highest terms of the efficiency of The Regiment ; also of the good conduct of the men during their service in Ceylon. The Head-quarters, under the command of Lieut.-colonel Wallace, embarked on board the freight ship Clyde on the 14th of December 1867, and landed in India on the 22d of January 1868. The next detachment embarked on board the Harkaway on the 19th of December, and landed in India on the 18th of January 1868 ; while the last detachment embarked on board the Peeress on the 28tli of December, and landed in India on the 28th of January 1868. Each detachment disembarked at Calcutta, from whence it marched to Dum Dum, Avhere the whole Regiment assembled on the 28th of January 1868, for the first time since the 25th of September 1863.^ On the 20th of February 1868 the 2d Battalion was again broken up into detachments ; for on that day two companies, A. and D., were sent to Berhampoor ; while on the 26th and 28th two more, B. and E., marched for Barrackpoor. On the 12th of Mai'ch the Head-quarters and left wing proceeded by rail to Cawnpore, one company at a time. The ' The 2d Batt(i*H.r! lost by death (luring its service in ( 'oylon four ofiicurs. three Sergeants, and eig..ty-fonr rank and file. :rers. n Hamlet Wade hot, while prac- riie Regiment. 28 John Stewart elcy, vice Fane, lace and Walker onimand of the he 2d Battalion previous to its :e in the highest Iso of the good !eylon. of Lieut.-colonel ip Clyde on the a on the 22d of larked on board . landed in India last detachment til of December, iry 1808. Each lieuce it marched Bsembled on the incc the 25th of talion was again r two companies, on the 2C)th and ackpoor. rs and left wing f at a time. The 'Ion four officers, three RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 351 1871. whole had arrived there by the 25th of March, when they proceeded by route to Shahjehanpoor, where they arrived on the 7th of April. One company had, however, been left behind, under Major Bent, at Dum Dum. On the 29th of March 18G8 Lieut. John Stubbs died at Diun Dum of fever; and on the 11th of July Ensign George Hodson at Shahjehanpoor of inflammation of the liver. On the 18tli of July this year the breech-loading Snider rifle arrived, and was served out to The Regiment on the 2l8t of August. On the 14tli of Noveraber Lieutenant O'Connell died at Berhampoor of cholera. On the 16th of November the Head-quarters and left p'»'in«ar- -■■ tors and loft wing marched from Shahjehanpoor for Bareilly, where they J^'Kuyf* arrived on the 19th of December; and on the 16th of No- [i;'St"'y vember the right wing, under Major George Bent, marched Ber'imm'poor. from Berhampoor for Bareilly, where it arrived and joined Head-quarters on the 9th of Dec^.raber. In 1871 the 2d Battalion won the cup given by Lord Jhp sd T?at- i- '^ •' talion wins Napier of ]\Iagdala, the Commander-in-chief in India. This *,'';,„*,J^"-in- cup was open to competition, and was to be won by that ''"'"'^ '"^"''' regiment from which twenty men, imder certain conditions, could be selected to make the highest score in five rounds at 500 and 600 yards. Twenty-seven regiments competed, and the 2d Battalion won by making a total score of 402 points, which was ten in excess of any of the other regi- ments. Ti , > value of the cup, which thus became the pro- perty of The Regiment, was 120/. On the Ist of November 1871 the Head-quarters and four Thcsdunt- tniion pro- companies commenced their march to Saugor, the route ^^';;'" ',." being through Futtehgurh, Cawnpore, Allahabad, Jubbul- pore, and Saugor, at which place they arrived on the 6th of December, having loet by the way only one mnn, who^ I 1864. Tho History returns to the 1st Bat- tivliun. Tho Colonel dies. » The Regi- ment moves to Malta. I; m The Regi- ment i)ro- coetls to Cnniula. 352 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. It liintls at QuelxiC. seeing some wounded ducks in a tank, took off his clothes and went in after them, but getting entangled in the weeds, he was unfortunately drowned. But we must now return to the 1st Battalion, which on the 2d of February 1861 was again encamped on the North Front; but on the llth of June it took up its quarters in the South Barracks. On the 16th of February 1862 the Colonel of The Regi- ment, Lieut.-general Sir Henry Somerset, died at Gibraltar, and was buried with military honours on tho 20th of the same month. The Regiment finding the guaid of honour and the firing-party. Orders having been received for The Regiment to move to Malta, it embarked on board Her Majesty's troop-ship Himalaya on the afternoon of the 3d of June, and sailing the following morning, reached Malta on the afternoon of the 8tli inst. Early on the morning of the 9th, Nos. 1, 2, 9, and 10 companies disembarked, and marched to Pembroke Camp. The remaining companies of The Regiment landed two hours later, and were quartered in the barracks at Isola Gate, Saint Francisco di Paolo, and Polverista. In May 1863 the whole Regiment was moved into bar- racks in Fort St. Elmo ; and in September of the same year it again changed its quarters to Fort Manoel, occupying also the Lazaretto and Plague Hospital. On the 21st of May 1864 The Regiment was allowed to resume tlu Ivilmarnock forage-cap with dice-box border. On the 8th of June orders having been received for the removal of The Regiment to Canada, it embarked on board Her Mffjesty's ship Himalaya, which sailed the same after- noon, and arrived in Gibraltar Bay on the evening of the 12th. On the evening of the 14th she aga.in put to sea, and arrived at Quebec on the 28th of June. The following day #4'#^^ RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 353 The Regiment wcs disembarked, and encamped on a field i*"'^- outside the fortifications, where it remained until July, when it occupied the quarters in the citadel vacated by the G2d Regiment. Here The Regiment remained until the 2d of May 1865, on which day it embarked on board a river steamer for con- veyance to Montieal, where it arrived the following morning, JiJJJ°^®*j*° and was quartered in the Victoria Barracks. In April 1866 the strength of The Regiment was reduced ^f'^^'eX^g*!*! to the home establishment of five hundred and sixty privates, oiuj^!"*'' This reduction took place in consequence of The Regiment being under orders to return to England in the course of the summer. However, before the relieving regiment arrived in Canada, disturbances occurred on the frontier of the United States. This induced the Governor-general to use the dis- cretionary power which had been given him, to detain The Regiment in the province. The circumstances which led to this decision were as follows : Towards the end of May the local Government received information that American Fe- American . Fenians mans were assemblme: on the n-ontiers, to the number of "I'-atentue O ^ \ frontier of some thousands, with the design of invading Canada. These canadn. Fenians w6re principally disbanded soldiers from the Federal Army, and appeared to have had some sort of military oi*- ganisation. Their avowed object was to act in concert with the Fenians in Ireland, in order to procure the independence of that country. Early i»i the morning of the Ist of June one of their leaders, by name O'Neill, at the head of about a thousand men, crossed the Niagara from the neighbour- hood of Buffalo Island, on the Canadian side of the river, aboiit two miles north of Waterloo Village. News of this irruption having reached Toronto, a brigade of Volunteers volunteers, was dispatched from that city and from Hamilton by Maior- taiion ifitn, 1 ♦' ./ J „„i| the 47tli general Napier, to disperse the marauders. Portions of fhe nrfimrtto' . . the frontier. I .,,..^-MLiii,'i.^^M:2AMMili '^:.^:kisib£mil'm tiM^ & i " 354 RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 1'^ I i % 18CC. An engage- ment takes place be- tween the Fenians anil Volnntcers. Ist Battalion 16th and 47tli Regiments, with the G Battery Royal Aitillery, the whole under the command of Colonel Peacock of the IGth Regiment, were also sent in support of the Volunteers. The latter came into collision with the Fenians (before the arrival of the regular troops) at a place called Limestone Ridge, on the morning of the 2d of June 18C6. After a warn, combat of about two hours' duration, the Volunteers retreated. The Fenians, nevertheless, retired across the Niagara early on the morning of the following day; many of them being detained as prisoners by the United States gunboat Michigan, which lay in the river. Whilst these events were transpiring in the upper pro- vince, the Fenians had been collecting their forces at various The frontier places On the frontier of Lower Canada and at Oardensburg, of Lower ^ . , . & &' Canada u opposite Prcscott. It being believed that an attack upon the menaced. -T-t o r last-named place was in contemplation, a force of Volunteers was ordered there, and at 10*30 A.M. on Sunday the 3d of June, the Head-quarters and six companies of the 1st Bat- talion 25th Regiment, The King's Own Borderers, were or- TiieBcgi- dered to pvocecd imm?diately, by a special train, to a point ment is ■*• ^ placed under about two milcs outside the city of Montreal, ca.led the Tan- immediate V ' ordem. nerics, and there await instructions. Tj:ie Regiment paraded within two hours from the receipt of the order. After waiting an hour at the Tanneries, The Tlegiment itproceedsto pvocecdcd to Prcscott, where it arrived at 11*30 P.M. Quar- Preacott. ^^^,^ wcrc takcii vip for the night on board a ferry-boat moored alongside the wharf. At 4 A.M. the following day, orders having been received that The Regiment was to return along It occupies the line of railway to the village of Cornwall, at the lower coiuwaii. entrance to the canal of the same name, it proceeded thither, and arrived about 9*30 A.M. The whole force here assembled, regulars and volunteers, amounted to upwards of two thou- sand two hvndred men. ,.% t the G Battery and of Colonel it in support of ision with the )op8) at a place the 2d of June hours' duration, rtheless, retired f the following s by the United ver. the upper pro- brees at various at Ogdensburg, attack upon the ce of Volunteers mday the 3d of I of the 1st Bat- derers, were or- train, to a point , ca. led the Tan- jgiment paraded ier. 5, The riegiment 1-30 P.M. Quar- jrry-boat moored ving day, orders 3 to return along '^all, at the lower foceeded thither, ! here assembled, rds of two thou- RECORDS OP THE KING S OWN BORDERERS. 355 1860. The Regiment remained in Cornwall until the 10th of June, being employed in patrolling the river in a -small steamboat, and in reconnaissance in the direction of Malone, U.S., where a considerable body of Fenians were collected. On the morning of the 10th of June The Regiment pro- n moves to 8t. John's, ceeded by rail to St. John't where it arrived at 6*45 p.m., wuere it en- *' ' camps on and encamped outside the fort on the bank of the Richelieu. ^{J^ R^ue-"' The force here assembled, and of which Lieutenant-colonel "*"• Fane, of The King's Own Boi-derers, assumed the command, amounted to about one thousand seven hundred men. Soon after this, the United States authorities having taken mea- sures to disperse the various bands of Fenians, and to pre- vent a recurrence of the disturbances, the camp at St. John's was broken up, and on the 22d of June The 25th, The King's Own Borderers, marched at 3 A.M. to Laprairie, where it ar- The Feninn disturbance rived at 10*45 A.M., and embarking on board a river steamer |?,^'p"l''' was conveyed to St. Helen's island (opposite Montreal), to^Vis'iami where it went under canvas. Hcien'8,op. Besides the above detachment, there was another of four Montreal. companies at Chambly under Captain Hall owes, who, in the forenoon of the 1st of June, received sudden orders to march immediately to St. John's, a distance of about twelve miles ; here he arrived between two and three o'clock that same afternoon. Just as the men were sitting down to their dinners an order came for them to proceed without delay to St. Alex- andre, where they were to watch the communications from the American frontier. While here two companies of Volun- teer Militia, which were falling back, were directed to join the party under Captain Hallowes, who was also about this time reinforced by eight of the St. John's Light Cavalry Volunteers. ' On the night of the 8th two Armstrong guns arrived, «--- 35() 18(;c. w { 1 Captain Hallowea takes pos- session of a Fenian's horse. Skirmish at Pigeon Hill, m§ RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. and on the same day Captain Hallowes I'eceived orders to proceed to St. Amnands : consequently he started at eleven o'clock that night, and, arriving before daylight on the morn- ing of the 9th, he occupied some farm-buildings, where his men got a few hours' rest. In the forenoon he was joined by Major Nixon of the Rifle Brigade, who brought with him a detachment of his own regiment and the Granby and Water- loo Volunteers. Of this force Major Nixon now took the command, and the order was given to advance, the Volun- teers forming the advance guard, one company of The Bor- derers that of the rear. A short halt was made at a place called Holt's Corner, where a prisoner was brought in by some of the scouts who had been sent out in the morning. This man, who was more respectable-looking than the generality of Fenians and well mounted, was sent under escort to the rear, while Captain Hallowes, before whom he had been brought, took possession of his horse. The column now advanced until it came to a rising- ground called Pigeon Hill, which slopes gradually to a valley, at the far side of which is a wood. Behind this wood, which was supposed to be occupied by Fenians, the ground again rises to a ridge, on the top of which is the boimdary between the two countries. Here there was a guard of United States soldiers. The guns of the column were now brought into position on Pigeon Hill, commanding the valley, the wood, and the opposite rising ground. These guns were supported by two companies of The Borderers, under the command of Captains Hope and Leslie, while the other company of The Regiment, with Captain Hallowes in support, advanced, with the Rifles and Volunteers, in skirmishing order into the plain. All now disappeared into the wood; when presently a * RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDERERS. 357 single shot was heard, and the gunners sprang to then- guns, imt. and pointed them ready to sweep the opposite hill behind the wood, should the Enemy attempt to break cover in that direction. Two more shots followed in quick succession the first, and then a dropping fire, which lasted only a few minutes, when the wood was cleared, and the Fenians suc- ceeded in repassing the frontier with no other loss than about five killed, and sixteen taken prisoners. After this most unsatisfactory skirmish the troops returned to St. Armands, where the detachment under Captain Hallo wes mc detach- remained a few days, and then returned to Chambly, where cnptain it completed xtw annual course of firing, and then joined Head- [^j",^^'},", ^^ quarters at St. Helen's island. h'S*"^'' On the iOth of August 1866 the left wing, under Captain ^'"""^• Hallowes, was ordered to Point Levis, opposite Quebec, to assist in the fortifications which were being built there ; and on the 14th of the same month the Head-quarters and right wing moved into Molson's Barracks. On the 4th of January 1867 the Snider breech-loading The smdcr rifle was issued to The Regiment, and the old muzzle- to Thoiiegi loaders were given into store. The new rifles were found defective in the breech, and alterations were made which necessitated a new description of cartridge ; and perhaps it is worthy of r&cord that The Regiment was, notwithstand- ing the frequent incursions of the Fenians, a considerable time without a single round of ammunition. The left wing, under Captain Hallowes, joined Head- quarters in October 1866 ; and on the 3d of August 1867 the whole Regiment embarked on board H.M.'s ship Tamar ThoRegi- for England. Arriving at Queenstown on the 16th, The turns to Eng- Regiment wa^j ordered on to Glasgow, and it disembarked at Greenock on the 19th. Detachments were now sent out; two companies, A and B, under Major Pender to Stirling, ' IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 1.25 ,, |j|[i3 2 2,0 U III 1.6 <^. "'/a ($> b. /a m. ^3 'm Jo- tachmcnts. where the d^pot companies had aheady been sent ; D and E to Ayr, and I to Paisley. Head-quarters and remaining companies were stationed at Glasgow, from whence a de- tachment of twenty men, under Lieutenant Pender, was sent to Dundee. On the let of September the depot companies were ab- sorbed in the service companies, and on the 14th of Sep- tember the detachment at Dundee was withdrawn. On the 10th of October Major-general Hamilton, C.B., inspected The Regiment. On the 22d of October the de- tachment at Stirling was withdrawn. A company joined Head-quarters, while B company proceeded to Paisley. On the 6th of January 1868 The Regiment was again inspected by Major-general Hamilton, C.B. On the 19th of February the detachment at Ayr (D and E companies) was withdrawn, and replaced by C and G com- panies ; and the detachment at Paisley (B and I companies) by F and K. On the 16th of May 1868 Major-general R. Rumley in- spected The Regiment; and the following is a copy of a letter received from the Horse Guards relative to that in- spection : ' Horse Guards, 20th August 1868. ' Sir, — I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of the con- litlential reports of your insi^ection of the 1st Batt. 25th Regiment, for the first period of the current year ; and to inform you that the same are deemed highly creditable and most satisfactory by the Field Marshal coramanding-in-chief. (Signed) ' V^. Paulet, Adj. -gen.' On the 7th of October The Regiment was again inspected by Major-general Rumley. The itegi- On the 8th of October The Regiment formed a guard of nishcsa houour to His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, on the IIdi'sc (iuiiiils let- ter relative to confl- (lentiiil rc- |x)rtH. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 359 occasion of his laying the foundation-stone of the new Col- i869. •^ '-' guanl of lege in Glasgow. ?hrprin'S>of Orders having been received for The Regiment to pro- ^^''^• ceed to Aldershot, it was embarked on board the hii^ed The Regi- stearaer Moravian on the 11th of October 1868, and pro-^^^^„t. ceeded to Liverpool, and thence by ti'ain to Aldershot, where it arrived on the night of the 13th of October, and was quartered in G, H, and M lines, south camp. On the 25th of November The Regiment was inspected by Major-general Carey, C.B. Reductions in the numbers of the Army having been decided upon, an order was received on Ist of January to cease all recruiting; and on 27th of April an order was issued for the reduction of forty privates ; the establishment of the Regiment to be as follows: Three field officers, ten cap- tains, twelve lieutenants, eight ensigns, five staff, forty-one sergeants, forty corporals, twenty-one drummers, and five hundred and twenty privates. On the 22d of February the new pattern tiuiics were ordered to be issued to The Regiment; and on the 17th of the same month shell jackets were ordered to be discon- tinued, and the Norfolk frock substituted in their place. In this year a challenge-cup was given to the Army, to be shot for by two men from every battalion of inf^outry at home, and by two from each d6p6t of those serving abroad. The prize, which was competed for at the annual Wimble- don meeting, was won, the first time, by Colour-sergeant Taggart of The Regiment. On the 6th and 7th of May Major-general Lysons, C.B., who formerly commanded The Regiment, made his half- yearly inspection, and expressed on parade his entire satis- faction at the appearance and movements of The Regiment. On the 2 Ist of August lH()i) Lieut.-colonel Pears suc- I Hi ij Ml 360 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. m m 1870. The Regi- ment pro- ceeds to Portsmouth. -ft i ceeded to the commaud of the battalion, vice Colonel Walker, who retired by the sale of his commission, and who had commanded The Regiment from the 1st of September 1867. On the 4th of October 1869 The Regiment proceeded to Portsmouth, and was quartered in Anglesea Barracks. On the 16th of October 1869 Tne Regiment was in- spected by Lieutenant-general Sir G. BuUer, G.C.B. The following extract from a letter dated Horse Guards, 6th December 1869, was forwarded for the information of the officer commanding : Extract * Your Very favourable account of the discipline and efficiency of Guards let- the Ist Batt. 25th Kegiinent has been received with great satisfaction tothcinspec- by His Royal Highness. (Signed) C. R. Egerton, D.A.G.' tlon report. In March authority was received for the issue of a new pattern chaco plate, as a special grant to The Regiment. This plate consisted of the Castle of Edinburgh encircled by a wreath of laurel, and surmounted by a crown, with the mottoes 'Nisi Dominus frustra' and 'Honi soit qui mal y pense.' On the 1st of April, orders having been received for the reduction of the establishment of The Regiment, all recruit- ing was stopped, and The Regiment was ordered to be placed on the following establishment, viz.: Three field officers, ten captains, ten lieutenants, four ensigns, three staff, and five hundred and seventy non-commissioned offi- cers and men. The medical officers were no longer to form part of the regimental establishment. On the 29th of April the Battalion and d^pot 2d Bat- talion were inspected by Lieutenant-general Sir G. Buller, G.C.B., whose report was very favonvrble. The itegi- On the 19th of August authority was received from the ilicnted!'"'*' Horse Guards to augment the establishment of the Bat- talion to eight hundred rank and file. RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 361 On the 3d September Lieutenant-colonel Pender sue- "71. ceeded to the command of The Regiment, vice Lieutenant- colonel Pears, who retired. On the 26th of September the Battalion was inspected by Lieutenant-general Viscount Templetown, K.C.B. On the 27th December six companies moved from Angle- ^hoitefn-^^ sea barracks, Portsmouth, to occupy Forts Rowner, Elson, [^^^tn^^a'JS , _-, , -^ , occupies the and r areham, near (josport. oosport Porte On the 30th December the Head-quarters, with four re- maining companies and the d^pot 2d Battalion attached, completed the move of The Regiment occupying the above forts. On the receipt of an Army Circular dateti 1st February 1871, the strength of the rank and file of the Battahou was reduced from eight hundred to six hundred men. The following letter was received from Horse Guards, bearing date 10th April 1871, for information of the Regi- ments concerned: < Sir, — I have the honour, by desire of the Field Marshal com- manding-in-chief, to acquaint you that His Royal Highness has not failed to perceive the satisfactory 3hooting of the corps specified in the margin ; and I am accordingly instructed to request that you will be pleased to cause the commanding otlicers, and the musketry in- structors thereof, to be informed that the efficiency of these regiments, in this respect, reflects great credit on them, and indeed on all con- cerned, showing, as it does, the interest which must have been taken in regard to this most important branch of a soldier's training. ' His Royal Highness feels sure that the Regiments, above alluded to, will continue to preserve the efficient carrying out of the prescribed annual course of musketry instruction. * I have, (fee. (Signed) ' Richard Airey, A.G. • The General Officer commanding at Portsmouth.' Extra<3t from Horso Guards let- ter relative to the good shooting of The Regi- ment. UtBatt.25th Regiment. I E 362 1871. Major Todd succeeds to the com- mand. The Regi- ment moves to Ireland. m !HI»« W 'I' RECORDS OF THE KINO'S OWN BORDFRERS. On the 21st of June 1871 Major James Archibald Ruddell Todd succeeded to the Lieutenant-colonelcy of The Regi- ment, vice Lieutenant-colonel Pender, who retired by the sale of his commission. In December The Regiment received orders to proceed to Ireland; conseqiiently it embarked on the 12th, sailed on the 13th, and disembarking at Qiieenstown, proceeded by train to Jiirr, where it arrived on the li^h of December. With 187 1 ended, what may be called, the old army sys- tem; with 1872 commenced the new: and here the history of The Regiment is, at least for the present, brought to a conclusion. England has been forced to admit the defect of her army- organisation by many bitter experiences. She has had the misfortune to see her soldiers die from starvation, for the want of a little forethought. In time of need she is liberal to a fault, with a hand ever ready to help ; but in time of peace her policy might be called by the ill-natured almost mean. Indeed it has been said, perhaps with some degree of justice, that she does nothing in the way of self-defence unless it is wnmg from her under the influence of a panic. For many years England seemed to be contented with the administration of her Army ; if any change was made, it was only patchwoi'k compelled by necessity. Perhaps she did not think her Army perfect in all its branches, yet it had upheld her honour in the Crimean war and Indian mutiny, while the expedition into Abyssinia was considered credit- able. Thus she slumbered in secvirity up to July 1870, when, of a sudden, war broke out between France and Prussia. France experienced the first repulse, and day after day news came of fresh disasters ; until at last her vast army, after RECORDS OP THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. 363 a series of cmsliing defeats, fell back on Paris. England looked on with alarm, and her language, though natural, was not at all times dignified. To add to her fear, an inge- nious writer, by the help of a powerful imagination, invaded the coimtry, defeated it, and laid it under heavy contribu- tions. This fiction seemed so possible, that people began to look upon it as a reality, and loud cries were raised for something to be done. Those who had in their minds the history of England's past, were lamenting that she v/as so inactive in the present struggle, and were for raising our Army to a footing with those on the Continent. This was found to be impossible ; for conscription is against the spirit of the people. The Government could not go into the open labour-market and bid against private capitalists ; for profuse expenditure, except under the pressure of a panic, is also against the spirit of the people. In such cases some one is always considered to be worthy of blame, and so the War-minister, in virtue of his position, was selected. He was plentifully accused if not abused, and he was called upon to put the old ' Fighting Temerairo' at least into a state of defence ; so he brought before Parlia- ment a bill for the Abolition of Piu'chase. This bill became law on the 1st of November 1871. Our soldiers were now to be enlisted for a shorter period of service, and our officers were to be drawn from a wider field, and were to have a more profound and scientific edu- cation. Thus the Army, if it was not reorganised, was at least revolutionised ; and the officers under the old system, although they did not wish to defend purchase, began to fear that their services would be forgotten ; that the wounds they had received, the toils they had borne, would be lost sight of; that theory would supplant practice; and that they would be mortified, perhaps, by the new system of selection. 1871. 1871. mwi' w .1 364 RECORDS OF THE KING'S OWN BORDERERS. There was a feeling, too, that though the treatment to which they were to be subjected on the AboHtion of Purchase might be absohitely just, yet that it was far from being Hberal. Many, too, who were poor men, began to fear that they would be losers by the transaction, and that the small for- tune which they had expended in buying promotion would be diminished, and that thus they would be punished for that which was no fault of theirs. Amidst all this there was one fervent wish — that the soldiers of the future might have as strong arms and as stout hearts as those of old ; that the officers of the rising generation might have as much courage and no less integrity than the generation which had passed; that education, by making men more humane, might make war less disastrous; and that all change in the organisation of the Army might conduce to the honour and welfare of the country. iff I i M 'Si rj:!i m < i i . hm - i{ f I APPENDIX. I. * To Lieutenant-general Maitland. • Tournay, 20th April 1710. ' Sir, — 1 was very glad to receive your letter of the 4th inst,, and the rather for that it has been thought in England I was inclined you should dispose of your regiment and government. It is true applica- tion was made to me that Colonel Grant might have leave to purchase the Regiment, and I was willing he should be satisfied, supposing you were consenting. The like application has been made since by my Lord Hay ; but I pray you will believe I never had or shall have the least thought of doing anytliing that may be disagreeable to you ; on the contrary, you may always depend, from our old acquaintance and the friendship I have for you, as well as from the sense of your long and good services, I shall ever be ready to promote your advantage; being, with truth, ' Sir, &c. M.' Marlhorovgh Despatches. II. * To the Earl of Hay. ' Tournay, 20th April 1710. * My Lord, — I know not by what accident your letter of the 24th past has been delayed, for it did not come to my hands till my arrival iiere. I find, by the contents, your lordship has misconstrued the meaning of mine. I am very far from the thoughts of imposing any ip m 366 APPENDIX. hardship on Lieutenant-genoml Maitland ; on the contrary, I shall be always glad to promote everything that may be agreeable to him, as an old acquaintance, p.nd an officer that deserves very well by his long services ; but it is natural to believe, when application was made to me in behalf of Colonel Grant, I should give my ready concurrence, especially when I could not know your lordship or any one else had the like intentions. But, after all, you will see by the enclosed copy of one from the Lieutenant-general, which I received at the same time with yours, that he has no thoughts of disposing of his regiment or government. As to what you mention of the notion that it might not be safe to have the command in the Highlands intrusted with one that has an interest there, I am quite of a different opinion, and shall always think the Queen's interest and service very secure wherever your lordship is concerned ; being truly, ' My Lord, &c. M.* Marlborough Despatches. THE END. rti; I m LONDON : KOBSON AND SONS, PBINTEK8, PANCUaH UOAD. N.W. iontrary, I shall greeable to him, very well by his ication was made sady concurrence, my one else had lie enclosed copy at the same time ' his regiment or )n that it might itrusted with one pinion, and shall secure wherever :, &c. M.' APPENDIX II, w. BB iW^as: 368 APPENDIX. List of Officers of 'lUli Regiment {The Kinrfs Own Borderers) for 1830. '; 1 Hank In the Rank, Name. Bcflilment. Anuy. Colonel Hon. Charles Fitzroy . . . 25 March '05. Gen. 19 July '21. Lieut.-colonel Jas. Alex. Farquliarson . . . 4 June '13. Col. 12 Aug. '19. Major Courtenay Chambers .... 3 Nov. '25. 29 Oct. '25. yy James M. llobertson .... 14 Nov. '20 Captain John J. HoUis 16 May '16. 30 March '09. f» Edward Jonathan Priestley . 24 Feb. '20. 2 Nov. '1."). >j Thomas Stewart 9 Nov. '20. M Thomas Swyny 7 April '25. 99 Alexander Mackenzie . . . 1 Aug. '26. 99 Benjamin Morris 19 Sei)t. '26. 13 May '26. w William Hemmings .... 91 J» James Robert Young .... 8 Feb. '27. 13 Mny '26. 99 William Jas. D'Urban . . . 1 Nor. '27. 8 April '26. 99 William O'Connor .... 14 Aug. '28. Lieutenant John W. Plunkett 19 May "18. 3 Sept. '12. 99 Edward James O'Brien . . . 6 Nov. '23. 9 Oct. '15. 99 William Karloe Phibbs . . . 5 May, "25. 24 Juno '1.3. 99 Charles Fred. Sweeny . . . 23 Nov. '25. 7 May '1'?. -w John Spalding 30 March '26. >» Sanderson Ilderton .... 8 April '26. M William Jackson 1 Aug. '26. *l Joseph John Grove .... 28 March '27. Adjt.l3Mar.'27. » Francis Fenwicke Laye . . . 23 Aug. '27. » John Henry Browne .... 8 Nov. '27. 26 June '27. )> Peter Henry Bristow .... 27 Maich '28. >» John Gray Slacke 14 Aug. '28. »» Andrew Armstrong Barnes 28 May '29. Ensign John O'Donnell 16 March '26. 9) William M'Donald . . . . 5 April '27. »> KyflSn Heyland 23 Aug. '27. l» Henry Binder 6 Dec. '27. II Edwin Ethelston 14 Aug. '28. II Thos. Wilmot T. Thompson . 19 Feb. '29. 29 Aug. '26. l> John Taylor Walker . . . . 28 May '29. II John Audros Guille . . . . 20 Aug. '29. Paymaster w William Dean 10 Dec. '29. Lieut. 14 Aug. '11. Adjutant Joseph John Grove . . . . 28 March '27. „ 13 Mar. '27. Quartermaster John Potts iO Jan. '22. Surgeon Samuel Bell, M.D 15 Nov. '26. Assist. -surgeon James Sidey, M.D 12 Jan. '26. II II James Browne Gibson, M.D. . 12 Jan. '29. APPENDIX. 301) levers) for 1830, Lid of Officers of IWi Regiment (The King's Own Borderers) for 1840. Ttank in the 1 Rank. Name. Ilk in the Itcgimeiit. Anny. Armv. — — ^ - . Colonel Sir Henry Frederick Campbell, Gen. 19 July '21. K.C.B., O.C.H 20 Oct. '31. Gen. 10. ran. '.37. Col. 12 Aug. '19. Lieut.-colonel Courtenay Ciiambors. . . . 31 Aug. '30. 29 Oct. '25. Major James Iloberf Young . . . William James D'Urban . . 31 Dec. '.S3. 16 Oct. '35. 30 March '09. Captaiu John J. HoUis 16 May '10. Maj. 22 July '30. 2 Nov. '1.x William O'Connor .... Andrew Armstrong Barnes 14 Aug. '28. 1 July '30. Richard Jenkins 17 June '37. 16 June '37. Samuel Wells 15 Sept. '37. 13 May '2G. John Andros Guille .... Charles R. Knight .... 3 Nov. -37. 17 Nov. '37. 13 May '20. John Henry Cooke .... 27 July '38. Maj. 28 June '.38. 8 April '20. Samuel B. Hamilton .... Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke . 12 Jan, '39. 23 Aug. '39. 3 Sept. '12. Lieutenant William M'Donald .... 31 Aug. '30. 9 Oct. '15. Henry Pinder 30 Oct. '34. 24 June '13. Skeffington Bristow .... 22 May '35. 7 May '1'?. Edmund Bentley Frith . . . 3 Nov. '37. 3. William C. E. Napier . . . 17 Nov. '37. Edward R, Priestley .... 13 Jan. '38. Adjutant. Harry Gough 30 March '38. 7. Adjt. 13 Mar. '27. Stanhope Mason Gildea . . . 11 May '.38. Hon. .James Colborne . . . 13 July '38. 26 June '38. 26 June '27. Thomas Rich, (.'onolly . . . 11 Jan. '39. 8. Neil Hulse Harenc .... Robert Henry Lindsell . . . Henry Francis Oust .... 23 Aug. '39. 15 Nov. '39. 31 Dec. '39. 6. Ensign Charles George Smith . , . James Ogilvy 1 Dec. '37. 31 March '38. Fred. J. B. Priestley .... 11 May '38. 2 March '38. Robert Mascie Taylor . . . 11 Jan. '39. Stewart Northey 18 Jan. '39. 29 Aug. '20. Wm. Hodges Tylden Pattenson Edward Wellesley Henry Reynolds Werge . . . 23 Aug. '39. 15 Nov. '39. 31 Dec, '39. Lieut. 14 Aug. '11 Paymaster w William Dean 10 Dec. '29. Lieut.UAng.'ll. n. „ 13 Mar. '27 Adjutant Quartermaster Surgeon Assist. -surgeon »» >» Edward R. Priestley .... John Potts Jas. Finlayson Nivison . . . James Sidey, M.D Duncan Don. M'Cay M'Donald 13 Jan. '38. 10 Jan. '22. 20 Sept. '39. 12 Jan. '26. 4 Oct. '39. „ 13 Jan. '38. 370 APPENDIX. if '^ I if List of GJJicers of 25th Regiment {The King's Own Borderers) for 1850. Colonel. Sir Henry Fred. Campbell, K.C.B and G.C.H., Ensign, 20 Sept. 178G ; Lieut, and Captain, 25 April 1793; Cuptuiii n-id Lieut. -colonel, o April 17!H>; Colonel, 25 Sept. 1803; Major-general, 25 July 1810; Lieut.-general, 4 June 1814 ; General, 10 Jan. 1837; Colonel 2oth Regt., 20 October 1831. LlEUTKNANT-COLONELS. James Robert Young Ensign, 27 July 1815; Lieut., 14 Dec. 1818; Captain, 13 May 182G; Major, 31 Dec. 1833; Lieut.-colonel, 8 April 1842, John Joseph HoUis, Ensign, July 1803; Lieut., 1 Dec. 1804; Captain, 30 March 1809; Brevet-major, 22 July 18.30; Major, 8 April 1842; Brevet Lieut.- colonel, 9 Nov. 1846 ; Lieut.-colonel, 19 June 1848. Majors. Henry Francis Strange, Fnsign, 23 May 1815 ; Lieut., 7 April 1825 ; Captain, 29 June 182(); Brevet-major, 23 Nov. 1841 ; Major, 20 October 1842. John Thomas Griffiths, Ensign, G Sept. 1814; Lieut., 17 May 1821 ; Captain, 1 Sept. 1831; Major, 7 August 184G. NAME. CAPTAINa. Samuel Wells .... Samuel B. Hamilton , . George Holt ',Vm. C. E. N.ipier . . . Edwd. Ramsden Priestley John Impett Stanhope Mason Gildea , Thomas Deacon .... James Ogilvy . . . . Hon. Fra. Wm. H. Fane . LIEUTENANTS. Stewart Northey . . Robert Masoie Taylor Henry T. Walker, Adj. Robert Murpliy Nicolls Fred. J. B. Priestley . Robert Cairnes Bruce , Samuel Percy 1 oa . . W. H. Tylden Pattenson George Bent .... Charles D. Pogson . . Chas. J. Stewart Wallace Ensign. 9 April '25. 20 Sept. '33. 10 Aug. '23. 28 Aug. '35. 27 Nov. '35. 14 April '14. 29 April '37. 5 April '13. 31 Mar. '38, 24 Feb. '43, 18 Jan, '39, 11 Jan. '39. 28 Oct. '.%. 9 July '37. 2 Mar. '38. 30 Mar. '38. 6 July '38. 23 Aug. '39. 10 April '42. 3 April '42. 5 Nov. '41. Lieutenant. Captain. 8 Oct. '29, 15 Sept. '37. 14 July '37. 12 Jan. '39, lii Sept. '25. 30 Oct. '40. 17 Nov. '.37. 29 April '42, 13 Jan. '38. 20 Oct, '43, 5 Oct. '20. .30 Jan, '35. 11 May '38, 19 May '46. 3 Aug. '15, 29 April '36. 15 Dec. '40. 19 June '48. 2G July '44. 1 Aug. '48. 21 May '41. 3 Aug. '41, 4 July '39. 4 Oct. '39, 8 April '42, 1) 13 Oct. '43. 10 May '44. 20 Dec. '44. Brevet-major. 18 Feb. "48. 9 Nov. '46. 9 Nov. '46. 7 Juno '49. 1 wmmm derer8)for 1850. !pt. 1786 ; Lieut, and 96 ; Colonel, 25 Sept. L4; General, 10 Jan. ic. 1818; Captain, lU ;. 1804; Captain, 30 1842; Brevet Lieut- April 1825; Captain, r 1842. lay 1821 ; Captain, 1 itain. ipt. '37. m. '39. 3t. '40. [)ril '42. ct. '43. m. '35. ay '46. pril '36. une '48. ug. '48. Brevet-major. 18 Feb. "48. 9 Nov. '46. 9 Nov. '46. 7 June '49. APPENDIX. 371 List of Officers for 1850 (conUmied). NAME. Ensign. Lioutenftnt. Captain. Brevet-major. LIEUTENANTS {cont.). George E. Lane .... 27 May '42 22 July '45. 9 June '40. Chas. Fred Broune . . 19 May '43. Henry Exley Jonea . . 27 Oct. '43. Fred. \Vm. Breudon . . 16 May '45. 29 Jan. '47. Robert Briscoe .... 27 Oct. '43. 30 Dec. '45. Tho.s. Edwin Blonifield . 24 May '44. 8 Oct. '47. Wm. Thomas Potts . . 29 Mar. '44. 5 Nov. '47. Wm. George Turner . . 19 May '40. 25 April '48. Astley Campbell Smith . 1 1 Nov. '45. 11 June '48. Horatio Priestley . . . 28 Aug. '40. 19 June '48. Henry Yeitch .... 19 Feb. '47. 9 Jan. '49. Arthur llidgway Poyutz . 10 Sept. '45. 10 April '49. ENSIGNS. Wm. Henry Ne wen ham . 17 Dec. '47. Chas. Cramond Dick . . 25 April '48. John Henry Nott . . . 12 Sept. '48. Wm. Vere Lane .... Alexander Strange . . . 10 June '48. George Skene Hallowes . 10 Feb. '49. Francis Kegan Cox . . 4 May '49. John Richard Harvey . 9 Mar. 49. William Brumell, 30 Sept. 1842; Ensign, 11 June 1830; Lieut., 10 Paymaster Oct. 1834. Adjutant: Lieut. Henry Torrens Walker, 15 Dec. 1843, Quartermaster: Robert Malcolm, 27 April 1849. Surgeon: James M'Gregor, 13 Dec. 1844; Assist.-surgeon, 24 July 1834. Assist.-surgeon: Jouas King Carr, M.D., 24 July 1840. „ James Eraser, M.D., 20 Oct. 1848. „ Frederick Clarke, 27 Oct. 1848. 372 APPENDIX. List of Officej's of 25th Regiment (The King's Own Borderers) for 1855. Colonel. Sir Henry Fred. Campbell, K.C.B. and Q.C.H., Ensign, 20 Sept, 1780 ; Lieut, and Captain, 25 April 1703; Captain and Lieut.-colonel, 6 April 1796; Colonel, 25 Sept. 1803; Major-general, 25 July 1810; Lieut. -general, 4 June 1814; General, 10 Jan. 1837 ; Colonel 25th Regt., 20 Oct. 1831. Lieutenant-colonels. John J. HoUis, Ensign, 9 July 1803 ; Lieutenant, 1 Dec. 1804; Captain, 30 Mar. 180!); Brevet-major, 22 July 1830; Major, 8 April 1812; Brevet Lieut.-colonel, 9 Nov. 1846; Lieut.-colonel, 19 June 1848; Colonel, 20 June 1854. Henry Francis Strange, Ensign, 23 May 1815 ; Lieutenant, 7 April 1825 ; Captain, 29 June 1820; Brevet Major, 23 Nov. 1841; Major, 20 Oct. 1842; Brevet Lieut.- colonel, 11 Nov. 1851 ; Lieut.-colonel, 4 July 1854. Majors. Samuel Wells, Ensign, 9 April 1825 ; Lieutenant, 8 Oct. 1829; Captain, 15 Sept. 1837; Major, 10 Sept. 1851. Samuel B. Hamilton, Ensign, 20 Sept. 1833 ; Lieutenant, 14 July 1837 ; Captain, 12 January 1839 ; Brevet Major, 11 Nov. 1851 ; Major, 4 July 1854. NAME. CAPTAINS. George Holt William C. E. Napier . . . . Edward Ramsden Priestley . . John Impett, Brevet Licut.-col. 20 June '54 Stanhope Mason Gildea . . . James Ogilvy Henry Torrens Walker , . . George Bent Charles D. Pogson Charles Jas. Stewart Wallace . Charles Miller Layton . . . . Henry Exley Jones . . . . . LI BUT EN ANTS. Frederick William Breedon Thomas Edwin Blomfield William George Turner . Astley Campbell Smith . Horatio Priestley, Adjutant Arthur Ridgway Poyntz . Charles Cramoud Dick Ensign. 10 Aug. '23. 28 Aug. '35. 27 Nov. '35. 14 April '14. 29 April '37. 31 March '38. 28 Oct. '30. 10 April '42. 9 April '42. 5 Nov. '41. (! Dec. '44. 27 Oct. '43. 10 May '45. 24 May '44, 19 May '40. 11 Nov. '45. 28 Aug. '40. l(i Sept. '45. 25 April, '48. Lieutenant. 12 Sept. '25. 17 Nov. '37. 13 Jan. '38. 5 Oct. '20, 11 May '38. 15 Dec. '40. 4 July '39. 13 Oct. '43. 10 May '44. 20 Dec. '44. 31 Dec. '47. 9 Juno '48. 29 Jan. '47. 8 Oct. '47. 25 April '48. 11 June '48. 19 June '48. 10 April '49. 15 Murch '50. Captain. 30 Oct. '40. 29 April '42. 20 Oct. '43. 30 Jan. '35. 19 May '40. 19 June '48. 10 Sept. '51. 15 March '53. 4 July '53. 28 March '54. 4 July '54. APPENDIX. 373 xlerers) for 1855. ept. 1786 ; Lieut, and (1)6 ; Colonel, 25 Sept. J14; General, 10 Jan. 304 ; Captain, 30 Mar. evet Lieut-colonel, 9 ^54. 1 April 1825 ; Captain, 1842; Brevet Lieut.- 829; Captain, 15 Sept. 14 July 1837 ; Captain, ly 1854. List of Officers for 1855 {continmd). NA\fE. Ensign. Lieutenant. Captain. LIEUTENANTS {coilt.). Douglas Ernest Manners . . , 18 April '45. 18 May '49. Alexander Strange 16 June '48. 4 April '51. George Skene Hallowea . . . 10 Feb. '49. 21 Oct. '51. Francis Kegan Cox 4 May '49. 25 June '52. John Richard Harvey .... 9 March '49. 24 July '52. John O'Hea 17 Feb. '50. 7 Sept. '52. William Robert Goodall . . . 12 April '50. 15 Feb. '53. Henry Southwell Brown . . . 13 Feb. '62. 4 July '54. ENSIGNS. Lionel Mordaunt Fraser . , . 9 July '52. James Moorhead 23 Nov. '52. Charles Gun Harison .... 10 Dec. '52. William Henry Shafto . . . 17 Jan. '51. Gwynne Orton Lewis .... 27 May '53. Paymaster: William Brumell, 30 Sept. 1842; Ensign, 11 June 1830; Lieutenant, 10 Oct. 1834. Adjutant : Lieut. Horatio Priestley, 24 July 1852. Quartermaster: Robert Malcolm, 27 April 1849. Surgeon : James M'Gregor, 13 Dec. 1844 ; Assist.-surgeon, 24 July 1834, Assist.-surgeon : Jonas King Carr, M.D., 24 July 1840. „ „ James Fraser, M.D., 20 Oct. 1848. „ „ Watkin Sandom Whylock, M.D., 20 Nov. 1852, 1 i "^^BBi t \ K'i« --■4.1 374 APPENDIX. List of OJicers of 2Wi Regiment [The King's Own Borderers) for 1865. Colonel. Henry Dive Townshend, Ensign, IG July 1812; Lieutenant, 14 September 1815; Captain, 1 Nov. 1821; Major, 10 Oct. 1835; Brevet Lieut.-colonel, 29 March 1830; Lieut.-colonel, 17 Aug. 1841 ; Colonel, 11 Nov. 1801 ; Major-general, 6 Sept. 1857; Lieut.-general, 8 Aug. 18fi4; Colonel 25th Foot, 16 Feb. 18G2. Leutenant-colonels, (1) Francis Fane, Ensign, 27 Aug. 1841 ; Lieutenant, 12 Dec. 1843; Captain, 10 Jan. 1851 ; Major, 18 Feb. 1859; Lieut.-colonel, 23 Oct. 1800. (2) Henry Torrens Walker, Ensign, 28 Oct. 18,ec. 1843 ; Captain, 10 IJiily 1830; Captain, 8C3. 5 Dec, 1851 ; Captain, 7 ; Brevet Lieutenant- ; Lieutenant, 20 Dec. ictoberl843; Captain, 11 June 1848 ; 1!aptain, List of Officers for 1865 {continued). nt, Captain. '63. 2 March '56. 56. 11 Jan. '50. •55. 30 Sept. 60. 51. 10 Sept. '58. 62. 12 Deo. '60. •52. 13 Deo. '50. 52. }) 52. II '64. 11 '54. II '57. 9 Jan. '60. 54. 13 Jan. '60. 55. 31 Jan. '60. 53. 12 Dec. '50. h '57. 23 Oct. '60. 59. 22 April '62. h '60. 10 Aug. '62. '55. 7 July '61. NAME. Ensign. Lieutenant. Captain. CAPTAINS (cont.). William Henry Henzell . . . 12 April '50. 6 June '64. 9 Nov. '62. Henry George Ramadge . . . 17 April '57. 29 Oct. '58. 28 July '63. Charles Errol Hcipe 25 Aug. '64. 26 July '55. 17 Nov. '63, Francis George Coleridge . . . 11 Jan. '56. 12 Dec. '50. 26 July '64, George T. Lyder Carwithen . . 27 Nov. '57. 13 Jan, '00. 16 Aug. '64. Ernest H. Paul Vivian .... Nov. '68. 17 May '60. 4 Oct. '64. LIEUTENANTS. Charles Pell Heigham, Adjutant 20 Feb. '56. 17 Nov, '57. John Stubbs 8 July '56. 15 Oct. '58. Henry James Harvey .... 6 June '58. 1 April '60. Charles Robert Leslie .... 12 Nov. '58. 26 Oct. '60. Alexander Bain Chisholm , . 7 Oct. '59. 6 Nov. '60. Horace William Scriven . . . 23 April '58. 18 Jan. '61. James Long Watson .... 31 Dec. '58. 20 April '61. John Charles Thompson . . . 31 Dec. '50. 23 Aug. '61. Joha Talbot Coke, Adjutant . -. 24 June '50. II William Lisle Blink Coulson 16 March '60. II Robert William Thomas Watson 23 March '60. 6 Sept. '61. Arthur Taylor 21 Feb '60. 25 June '61. Westropp Thomas Morgan . . 30 Mar.h '60, 28 Jan. '62. William Grogan Knox .... 31 March '60. 4 Feb. '62. Richard Webster 11 March '50. 31 March '62. George Dixon 1 April '60. 1 April '62. James Pender 10 April T.O. 22 April '62. Francis Gerald Lees .... 25 May '60. 10 Aug. '62. John Ireland Dobson .... 15 June '60. 7 Nov. '62. Elliott C. Charles Farnall . . 16 June '60. 2 Dec. '62. Sylvanus R. B. Partridge . . . 3 July '60. II Harvey R. S. Armstrong . . . 28 Dec. '60. II Richard Thomas Higgins , . . 29 March '61. 30 Deo. "62. William Bigsliy Brown . . . 14 Aug. '60. 28 July '6.i. Charles Francis Baruardlston . 20 Dec. '60. 22 Dec. '63. Francis Edward Carleton . . . 20 Jan. '61. 1 March 64 Hon. Charles Dutton .... 12 March '61. 20 July '64. Charles Deurochc Swete . . . 25 June '61. 16 Aug. '64. William Godfray Thomas . . 26 June '61. 14 Sept. '64. Thomas John Leadbettcr . . . 23 Aug. "61. 4 Nov. '64. ENSIGNS. John Albert Vincent .... 6 Sept. '61. William Henry Hale .... 7 Sept, '61. 37G APPENDIX List of OJficers for 1865 {contimicd). NAME. ENSIGNS (cunt.). John E'red. Curtia Hayward Gerald Menteath Shirley . Augustus Owen .... Alfred James Richard X. L. O'Conrell . Arthur Harry Turner . . Hugh Gough Collis . . . William W. M. Wingfield . Hoary Houlditch. . . . Henry H. Preston Powell . Samuel Philip L. Konarski Hans Robert Rathborne . Duncan William Cork . . George Ormond Stoney John Leith Ross .... Charles William Maxwell Ccote George Hodsou .... Henry Augustus Chichester Eiisign, 28 Jan. '62. 4 Feb. 'G2. 22 April '62. 8 July '62. 19 Aug. '62. 7 Nov. '62. 8 Nov. '62. 2 Dec. '62. 3 Dec. '62. 30 Dec. '62. 14 April '63. 28 July '63. 5 April '64. 5 July '64. 26 July '64. 16 Aug. '64. 4 Oct. '64. 20 Dec. '64. Lieutenant. Captain. Paymaster : (1) William Brumell, 30 Sept. 1842 ; Ensign, 11 June 1830 j Lieut., 10 Oct. 1834 ; Hon. Major, 1 Jan. 1860. Paymaster : (2) Robert Stein Forlong 10 July 1863. Adjutant : (2) Lieut. John Talbot Coke, 23 Aug. 1861. „ (1) Lieut. C. P. Heigham, 11 Oct. 1864. Instructor of Musketry : (2) Lieut. H. W. Scriven, 4 Feb. 1860. „ „ (1) Lieut. Richard Webster, 3 July 1860. Quartermaster: (2) Christopher Kettyles, 2 July 1858; Comet, 21 Feb. 1856, Surgeon : (1) Dlgby William Lawlor, 28 Jan. 1862 ; Assist.-surgeon, 10 June 1853. „ (2) Duncan Donald M'Cay MDonald, Assist. -surgeon, 4 Oct. 1839; Surgeon, 6 Oct. 1848 ; Surgeon-major, 4 Oct. 1859. Assist.-surgcon : (2) Edward Corrigan Markcy, 1 March 1859. „ „ William Armstrong, 12 Jan. 1859. „ „ George Carson Gribbon, M.B., 20 April 1859. APPENDIX. 377 inel830; Lieut., 10 List of Officers of '25th Rerjimcnt (The King's Oicn Borderers) Jor 1870. Colonel. Henry Dive Townshend, Ensign, 16 July 1812; Lieutenant, 14 September 1815; Captain, 1 Nov. 1821; Major, 10 Oct. 1835; Brevet Lieut.-colonel, 29 March 1839 ; Lieut.-colonel, 17 Aug. 1841 ; Colonel, 11 Nov. 1861 ; Major-general, 5 Sept. 1857; Lieut.-general, 8 Aug. 1864; Colonel 25th Foot, 16 Feb. 1862. LlEUTENAKT-COLONELS. Charles James Stewart Wallace, Ensign, 5 Nov. 1841 ; Lieutenant, 20 Dec. 1844; Captain, 4 July 1853; Major, 23 Oct. 1860; Lieut.-colonel, 2i Aug. 1867. Heniy Pears, Ensign, 1 June 1855; Lieutenant, 8 Jan. 1856; Captain, 11 Jan. 1859; Major, 21 Aug. 18G6; Lieut.-colonel, 21 Aug. 18C9. Majoes. George Bent, Ensign, 10 April, 1842; Lieutenant, 13 Oct. 1843; Captain, 16 March 1853 ; Major, 28 July 1863. Francis Henry Pender, 2d Lieutenant, 27 March 1846 ; Lieutenant, 30 July 1847; Captain, 24 Oct, 1856 ; Major, 15 May 1866. James Archibald Ruddell Todd, Ensign, 17 April 1852 ; Lieutenant, 6 June 1854; Captain, 13 July 1855 ; Major, 13 Feb. 18GG. George Skene Hallowes, Ensign, 16 Feb. 1849; Lieut., 21 Oct. 1851; Captain, 10 Sept. 1858 ; Major, 21 Aug. l'8G9. NAME. Ensign. Lieutenant. Captiiin, CAPTAINS. John Richard Harvey , . . Edmund Garland Home . . . Aylmer Spicer Cameron . . . Fred. Stephen Terry .... Henry Ridout Floyd .... George Kirwan Nathaniel Cricblow Ramsay . John Harger William Henry Henzell . . . Henry George Ramadge . . . Charles Errol Hope .... Francis George Coleridge . . George Terry Luder Carwithon Horace William Scriven . . . John Talbot Coke Wm. Lisle Blenkinsop Coulsou Westropp Thomas Morgan . . William Grogan Knox . . . George Dixon 9 March '49. 12 Dec. '51. 9 July '52. 15 May '55. 10 June '53. 10 Aug. '55. 14 July '57. 12 Nov. '53. 12 April '50. 17 April '57. 25 Aug. '64. 11 Jan. '56. 27 Nov. '57. 23 April '58. 24 June '59. 16 March '60. 30 March '60. 31 March '60. 1 April 'GO. 24 July '52. 6 June '54. 1 Sept. '54. 3 April '57. 1 Dec. '54. 3 March '57. 11 March '59. 1 June '65. 6 June '54. 29 Oct. '58. 26 July '55. 12 Dec. '59. 13 Jan. '60. 18 Jan. '61. 23 Aug. '61. 28 Jan. '62. 4 Feb. '62. 1 April '62. 12 Dec. '59. 13 Dec. '59. II 9 Jan. 'CO. 13 Jan. 'GO. 23 Oct, 'GO. 19 Aug. '62. 7 July '61. 9 Nov. '62. 28 July '63. 17 Nov. '63. 26 July '64. 16 Aug. '64. 5 May '66. 21 Aug. '66. 4 Dec. '66. 1 Feb. '67. 21 Aug. '67. 16 Oct. '67. i 3V8 APPENDIX. i List of Officers for 1870 {continued). NAME. Ensign. Lieutenant. Captain. CAPTAINS icoilt.). John Ireland Dobson .... l.") June 'CO. 7 Nov. '62, 21 Aug. '69. Ilobert William Thos. Dawson . 23 March 'GO. 6 Sept, 61. 26 Feb. '70. Kichard Thomas Higgina . . 29 March 'Gl. 30 Dec. 'G2, 28 May '70. LIEUTENANTS. Henry James Harvey .... 5 June '58. 1 April 'CO. Sylv. E. B. Partridge, Adjutant 3 July 'GO. 2 Dec. '62. Francis Edward Carleton . . 29 Jan. 'Gl. 1 Mar, 'G4. Charles Denroche Swete . . . 25 June 'Gl. 16 Aug, „ William Godfrey Thomas . . 26 June 'Gl. 14 Sept. „ Thomas John Leadbetter . . 23 Aug. 'Gl. 4 Nov. „ John Fred. Curtis Hayward 28 Jan. '62. 10 Oct. '65. Gerald Menteath Shirley . . 4 Feb. 'G2. 8 Dec. „ Arthur Harry Turner .... 7 Nov. '62. 15 May '66. Hugh Gough CoUis .... 8 Nov. 'C2. 21 Aug. „ Henry Houlditch 3 Dec. '62. 1 Feb. '67, Henry H. Preston Powell , . £0 Dec. '62. 20 Feb. „ Samuel Philip L. Konarski . . 14 April '63. 17 April „ Duncan William Cork . . . 5 April '64. 21 Aug. „ John Leith Ross 26 July '64. )j <> Geoige Ormond Stoney . . . 5 July '64. 5 Oct. „ Hans Ilobert Kathborne . . . 28 July '63. 15 Nov, '68. Henry Augustus Chichester . . 20 Dec. '64. 23 Deo, „ Francis Hargrave Tindal Curtis 30 Dec. '64. 3 April '69. Alfred William Turnbull. . . 26 Jan '66. 21 Aug. '69. Henry Gildart Worsley . . . 13 Feb. '66. 8 Dec. '69, David Stanley Cuninghame 1 Dec, '65. 3 Feb. '70, Francis W^elch ...... 22 May '66. »i Allan Neason Adams .... 21 Aug. '66, 30 March '70. C-'hnrles Ludwell M. Dampier . 20 Feb. '67. 27 April '70. Henry Hickmun Mulcahy . . 18 Doc, '66, 28 May '70. John Hen. IT, S. Drew Hogarth 5 March '67, » ENSIGNS. John Nathaniel Still .... 17 April '67. Adrian Henry Hope .... 6 Oct, '67. Edward Theophilus Murray . 18 Dec, '67, Edgar William Wallace Daring 8 Jan. '68. Arthur M'Leod Mills .... 1 Feb. '68. Arthur Leith Hay Mackay . . 8 Jan. '68. Henry Grey Dixon 23 Dec. '68. APPENDIX. 379 List of Officers for 1870 {continued). NAME. Ensign. Lieutenant. Captain. ENSIGNS (cont.). James Ramsay Hobday . . . Thomas Hams 13 Jan, '09. 3 Aoril 'fi9 Charles William Gray. . . . Ar. de-la- Poer Beresford Peirse Arthur Charles Newman . . . 21 Aug. 'GO. 9 Oct, '69. 30 March 'G7. Paymaster: Edward Gibbs, 1 Sept, 1858; Hon, Captain, 1 Sept. ]8f;;5. „ Robert Stein Forlong, 10 July 18G3; Hon. Captain, 10 July 1868. Adjutant: Lieut, S, R, B. Partridge, 22 January 1867, „ Lieut. H, G. Collis, 1 April 1870. Instructor of Musketry : Lieut. G. M. Shirley, 2 March 1869. „ „ Lieut. G. O. Stoney, 2G Feb. 1870. Quartermaster: David Wy Hie, 31 Jan. 1865. „ T. P. Geoghegan, 9 March 186G. Surgeon: Samuel S. Skipton, M.D., Assist.-surgeon, 9 June 1854; Surgeon, 15 June 1866. Surgeon: St. John Stanley, Assist.-surgeon, 24 Feb. 1854; Surgeon, 5 Aug. 1864. Assist.-surgeon : E. C. Markey, 1 March 1859. „ „ G. C. Gribbon, M.B., 20 April 1859. „ „ G. J. Hamilton Evatt, M.D., 31 March 1865. '•itt' i • 1 380 APPENDIX. List of Officers nflUh licriment {The Khrj's Own Bor/Ierers) foi- 1872. Colonel. Henry D. Townfihend, EtiHign, IG July 1812; Lieuteimnt, 14 September 1Hir>; Captain, 1 Nov. 1821 ; Major, 10 Oct. 18.^r): Brevet Lieut.-coloncl, 20 March 1S?,!1; Lieut.-colonel 17 Aug. 1841 ; Colonel, 11 Nov. 18",! ; Major-general, 5 Supt. 18C7 ; Lieut-general, 8 August 18G4; Colonel 2r.th Foot, 16 Feb. 18r)2. Lieutenant-colonels. Charles James Stewart Wallace, Ensign, 5 Nov. 1841 ; Lieutenant, 20 Dec. 1844 ; Captain, 4 July isr..*}; Major, 2.1 Oct. 18(i0; Lieut.-colonel, 21 August 18fi7. James Archibald Ruddell, Ensign, 17 April l8r,2 ; Lieutenant, June 1854; Cap- tain, 13 July 1855 ; Major, 13 Feb. 18()C ; Lieut.-colonel, 21 Jimo 1871. MAJORS. George Bent, Ensign, 10 April 1842; Lieutenant, 13 Oct. 1848; Captain, 15 March 1853; Major, 28 July 18r)3. George Skene Hallowes, Ensign, IG Fob. 184'J; Lieut., 21 Oct. 1851; Captain, 10 Sept. 1858; Major, 21 August 18G9. John Richard Harvey, Ensign, 9 March 1849; Lieut,, 24 July 1852; Captain, 12 Dec. 1859; Major, 3 Sept. 1870. Aylmer Spicer Cameron, Ensign, 9 July 1852; Lieutenant, 1 Sept. 1854; Captain, 18 Dec. 1859; Major, 21 June 1871. NAME. Ensign. Lieutenant. Captain. CAPTAINS. Edmund G. Home 12 Dec. '51. G June '54. 18 Dec. '59. Frederick S. Terry .... 15 May '55. 3 April '57. 9 Jan. 'GO. Henry R. Floyd 10 June '53. 1 Dec. '54. 13 Jan. '60. Nathaniel C. Ramsay . . 14 July '57. 11 March '59. 19 Aug. '62. John Harger 12 Nov. '58. 1 June '55. 7 July '61. William H. Henzell , . 12 April '50. 6 June '54. 9 Nov. 'G2. Charles Errol Hope . . 25 Aug. '54. 26 July '55. 17 Nov. '63, George T. L. Carwithen . 27 Nov. '57. 13 Jan. 'GO. 16 i^ug. '64. Horace William Scriven . 23 April '58. 18 Jan. 'Gl. 15 May '66. John Talbot Coke . . . 24 June '59. 23 Aug. '61. 21 Aug. '66. William Lisle B. Coulson 10 March 'GO. !) 4 Dec. '66. Westropp T. Morgan . . 30 March 'GO. 28 Jan. '62. 1 Feb. '67. William Grogan Knox . 31 March 'GO. 4 Feb. '62. 21 Aug. '67. George Dixon .... 1 April 'GO. 1 April '62, 16 Oct. '67. John Ireland Dobson . . 15 June 'GO. 7 Nov. '62. 21 Aug. '69. Richard Thomas Higgins 29 March 'Gl. 30 Dec. '62. 28 May '70. Francis E. Carleton . . 29 Jan. '61. 1 March '64, 8 Sept. '70. Thomas J. Leadbetter 23 Aug. 'Gl. 4 Nov. '64. 21 June 1. APPKXDIX. 381 Jerers) for \S7 2. [4 September IHin-, lel, 29 March 1S3!); neral, 5 Supt. 1857; cnant,20Dec.l8-J4; August 18fi7. t, (5 June 1854; Cap- no 1871. , 1843; Captain, 15 Oct. lfe">l ; Captain, July 1852; Captain, Sept. 1854; Captain, List of Officers for 1872 (continued). Captain. 59. 5. I. 2. 'fl4. 13 Dec. '59. 9 Jan. 'GO. 13 Jan. 'CO. 19 Aug. 'f.2. 7 July '61. 9 Nov. '62. 17 Nov. 'G3. IG A.ug. 'G4. 15 May 'G6. 21 xVug. 'GO. 4 Dec. "GG. 1 Feb. 'G7. 21 Aug. 'G7. 16 Oct. '67. 21 Aug. '69. 28 May '70. 3 Sept. '70. 21 June "1. NAME. Ennign. Llenttmant. Captain. CAPTAINS (cont.). John F. C. Hay ward .... 28 Jan. '62. 10 Oct. *G5, 28 June '71. Gei.'«ld M. Shirley 4 Feb. 'G2. 8 Dec. '65. 2 Aug. '71. Hugh Gough CoUis .... 8 Nov. 'G2. 21 Aug. 66. II Samuel P. L. Konarslii . . . 14 April '63. 17 April '67. 9 Sept. '71. LIEUTENANTS. Henry James Harvey .... 5 Juno '58. 1 April '60. SylvanuB R. B. Partridge, Adjt. 3 July 'CO. 2 Dec. '62. William Godfrey Thomau . . 26 June '61. 14 Sept. '64. Arthur H. Turner 7 Nov. '62. 15 May '66. Henry Houlditch 3 Dec. 'C2. 1 Feb. '67. John Leith Rosa, Instructor of Musketry, 1 Dec. '70 . . . 2G July '64. 21 Aug. '67. •Geo. Ormond Stoney, Adjutant, 2 Aug. '71 5 July '64. 5 Oct. 'G7. Hans R. Rathborne . . . .' 28 July '63. 15 Nov. 'C8. Henry Aug. Chichester . . . 20 Dec. '64. 23 Dec. '68, Francis H. Tindul Curtis , . 30 Dec. C4. 3 April '69. Alfred William TurnbuU . . 26 Jan. '66. 21 Aug. '69. Henry G. Worsley, Instructor of Musketry, 2 Aug. '71 . . . 13 Feb. '66. 8 Dec. '69. Francis Welch 22 May 'GC. 3 Feb. '70. Allan Neason Adams .... 21 Aug. '66. 30 March '70, Charles L. M. Dampier . . . 20 Feb. 'C7. 27 April '70. Henry H. Mulcahy 18 Dec. 'GG. 28 May '70. John Hen. H. S. D. Hogarth . 5 March '67. II John Nathaniel Still .... 17 April '67. 3 Sept. '70. Adrian Henry Hope .... 5 Oct. '67. 21 June '71. Edgar William W. Dering . . 8 Jan. '68. 28 June '71. Henry Grey Dixon 23 Dec. '68. 2 Aug. '71. Thomas Bams 3 April '69. Charles i/illiam Grry . . . 21 Aug. '69. 19 Aug. '71. Ar. de-la-Poer Beresford Peirse 9 Oct. '69. 9 Sept. '71. Arthur Charles Newman . . . 30 March '67. 31 Oct. '71. Edward T. Murray 18 Dec. '67. 28 Oct. '71. Arthur L. H. Mackay .... 8 Jan. '68. 1) James Ramsay Hobday . . . 13 Jan. 'GG. >i George D. C. Gastrell .... 3 Sept. 70, i» Hesketh Broderick Prichard . 23 Sept. '71. i> John William Godfray . . . 24 Sept. '71, 11 Charles C. W. Daudridge . . 25 Sept. '71. »> I 382 APPENDIX. Wl fij lil:> 11 1 ^ ^H| / List of Officers for 1872 {continued). NAMB. Ensign. Lieutenant. Captain. LIEUTENANTS (cont). Oswald 0. Radford 20 Sept. 71. 1 Nov. 71. George T. W. Hewat .... 27 Sept. 71. II SUB-LIEUTENANT. Robert Feild JameHon . . . 28 Oct. 71. II Paymaster : Robert S. Forlong, 10 July 1863; Hon. Captain, 10 July 1868. „ Edward Oibbs, 1 Sept. 1858; Hon. Captain, 1 Sept. 1863. Quartermaster : David Wyllie, 31 Jan. 1865. „ Timothy P. Geoghegan, S) March 1866. Surgeon: Samuel S. Skipton, M.D., Assist.-surgeon, 9 June 1854; Surgeon, 15 June 1866. Surgeon St. John Stanley, Assist.-surgeon, 24 Feb. 1854 ; Surgeon, 5 Aug, 1864. Assist.-surgeon : Edward C. Markey, 1 March 1859. „ George C. Gribbon, M.B., 20 April 1859. „ George J. H. Evatt, M.D., 31 March 1865. (I LONDON: ROBijON AND SONS, FKlNTKKSj FANCKAS KUAI>, N.W, I, 10 July 1868. 5ept. 18G3. > 1854; Surgeon, 15 irgeon, 5 Aug, 1864.