IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) /. 1.0 I.I 11.25 ISO ■2.8 mm 2.5 2.2 2.0 IE ^1^ V] y] / 7 Photogr^hic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 u. %o CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical l\/licroreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques .^ Technical and Bibliopraphic Notas/Notaa tachniquaa ot bibliographiquas Tha Inatituta haa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy availabia for filming. Foaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua. which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may aignificantly changa tha uaual mathod of filming, are chackad balow. D D D D D Colourad covars/ Cauvartura da coulaur rn Covara damagad/ Couvartura andommagia Covars raatorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura raataur4a at/ou palliculAa r~1 Covar titia misaing/ titra da couvartura manqua I I Colourad mapa/ Cartaa g^graphiquas mn coulaur □ Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) I 1 Colourad platea and/or illustrationa/ D Planchas at/ou iiluatrationa 9n coulaur Bound with otiiar matarial/ Rail* avac d'autraa documants Tight binding may causa shadows or distortion along intarior margin/ La re liura sarr^e paut causar da I'ombra ou da la distorsion la long da la marge int^rieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II sa paut qua cartainaa pages blanchaa ajoutiea lore d'une reatauration apparaiaaant dana la taxte, mais. torsqua cala Atait possible, ces pages n'ont paa M filmtea. 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D El D n D D n Coloured pagas/ Pagaa da coulaur Pagaa damagad/ Pagas cndommagiaa Pagas restored and/or laminated/ Pages reataurtes at/ou pelliculies Pagaa discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages dAcolorAes. tachetAes ou piquies Pagas detached/ Pages ditachies Showthrough/ Transparence Quality of print varies/ Quality inAgale de I'impression Includes supplementary material/ Comprand du material suppl^mantaire Only edition available/ Saula Mition disponibia Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partialiement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata. une pelure, etc., ont *ti filmtes 6 nouveau de fapon d obtanir la mailleure image possible. 1 s 1 V ^ d b ri r( n This item is filmed at the reduction ratio chackad below/ Ce document est film* au taux de reduction indiqu* ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X ZiX 2fiX my 12X 16X 20X 24X y 28X 32X Th« copy film«d h«r« haa b«en rtproducad thanks to tha cianaroaity of: D. B. Weldon Library Univeraity of Western Ontario (Regional History Room) Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha baat quality poaaibia conaidaring tha condition and lagibility of tha original copy and in Icaaping with tha filming contract tpaciflcationa. Original eopiaa in printad papar covara ara fllmad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- tion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All other original eopiaa ara fllmad baginning on tha lirat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- •lon. and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraasion. Tha iaat racordad frama on aach microficha shall contain tha symbol — »> (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha symbol ▼ (maaning "END"), whichavar appliaa. L'axampiaira fiimi f ut raproduit grAca A la gAnirositi da: D. B. Weldon Library University of Western Ontario (Regional History Room) Laa imagaa suivantaa ont 4t* raproduitas avac la plua grand sdn, compta tanu da la condition at da la nattat* da l'axampiaira film*, at an conformity av«c laa conditiona du contrat da filmaga. Laa axamplairas originaux dont la couvartura an papiar aat imprimaa sont filmAs an commandant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant soit par la damlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'Impraaaion ou d'illustration. soit par la sacond plat, salon la cas. Tous las autras axamplairas originaux sont fiimAs an commandant par la pramlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta dimpraaalon ou d'illustration at an tarminant par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una taila amprainta. Un das symbolaa suh/anta apparattra sur la damlAra imaga da chaqua microficha. salon la caa: la symbols — ^ signifia "A SUIVRE", la symboia V signifia "FIN". Mapa. plataa. charts, ate, may ba fllmad at diffarant raduction ratioa. Thoaa too iarga to ba •ntiraly inciudad in ona axpoaura ara fllmad baginning in tha uppar laft hand comar, iaft to right and top to bottom, aa many framaa aa raquirad. Tha following diagrama illustrata tha mothod: Laa cartaa, planchas, tablaaux, ate, pauvant Atre filmte A daa taux da rMuction diffArents. Lorsqua la documant ast trop grand pour Atra raproduit 1% un saui ciichA, ii ast filmA A partir da I'angla supAriaur gaucha, da gaucha A droita. at da haut wx baa, ii pranant la nombra d'imagas nAcassaira. Las diagrammas suivants illuatrant la mAthoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 '# b ■ ■ijmi-.- lElOEANDUM Fat the iaformalion of the Legislative Conncil of Canadu, ia reference to the Oaaada CoapMy's position with the Mnnicipal District Co«acil of the Huron District; to which is ap j^^ Defence of the Canada Gonipany, hy Dr. Dunl»p, M.'P. P. (See Note.) ■j-f \ Da. DoHii3i>, in hk inatcraenta, supports hts ramwiie by allegationa not warranted by tbe ronl circumatanccB of the cane. The ktaieiiwiit ■uuiuiltoJ Id cuunucl Tor" opiiiion bhowH tho dotttils of U o racls exhibited in substance lii my printed expo»ition of 30th November last, and inovcs that t!ic Cunada Company wore far from wishing to embprrass tho District Council as to pecuniary matters ; but, on tho contrary, took every means for their relief consittent with the assertion of •.heir own legal rights. For example, tho Company last year tendered the taxes for the years 1842 and 1843, imder \he Provincial fstatutes 59 Geo. 3, chirp, vii and viii, after tho rate of l-&th and 1-aih of a penny [wrucre, v;liich, upon (]rfo,OOtl acres, amounted to • • • • £1,625 Tlic Canada Company also tendered to iho Treasurer of the Diatriil, the tax of Id. per acre imposed by the bye-hiw of 1844, amounting • ;" • ^188 10 5 Thus oifering to tlio disposal of the Council, and refused by them ,/ ' £8,ata la s And this offer was made notwithstanding that the District CounCil was indebted to tlio Canada Company :n the sum of £3,100, with interctt, which was Bociired by bond, in which instrumcifC provision was made for tho retention by tho Company of the accruing taxcjs in payment of the debt and interest. , i-ij^'' . » And the offer of payment was idso 'nade witi'out ptejudice to any claims, real or pretended, which the Council might set up to the taxes imposed by the bye-taws which have been found illegal. I The amount thus tendered without compronjising any real or osserted right of the Council, would have been inoro than Bufflcient to relievo that body from its pecimiary djfficulties, but its receipt would not have suited the objpr«t> f the District Council, which appears to have been tho creation of ill fcMing in tho District against the Company, and to mc./je the settlors to believe that the embarrassments wore created by tlie fiefaiilt of the Company, not by their own illegal ond unjust proceedings. And further, they had it in view to subject tho comp^jny to the surcharge or penalty of default in payment of taxes. B'or these purposes they permitted the seizure of the desks, Sic, of \tho Council, suffered the officers and others dependent upon them to go unpaid, gave orders ip anticipation of the taxes which fell into depreciation, and which have been bought and sold at prices varying with the hopes and fears of th-) dealers ae to their ultimAto or timely payment. Dr. Dunlop made an attack upon the Company, in his speech in the Assembly last month, well calculated to create a strong prejudice against the Company; and the more mischievous and unfair, because he was the only person present who knew that his charges wore unfounded. He inveighed against the bad bargain the governmenX. had made with the Company, and he spoko of the large sum of money leaving the District, the produce of sales of tho Company's lands. I happen to have in my possession his Defence of the Company in 1830, in manuscript, and signed by him ; to this I invite the attention of those who take an interest in tho subject. It is true so tar as relates to the circumstances of the Company at that time ; and I am able to add, from the accounts of the Company, that the amounts expended by them on account of their lands in the Huron Tract, up to the aist December, 1844, were £407,086 c'y, whilst the produce of sales of land received by the Company up to thai period did not suffice to cover expenses of management. Had the bill introduced by Dr. Dunlop become law, the eftbct would have been lo inflict upon the Company penalty and forfeiture, not for violation of law, but for acting according to law. The fox for lii42, which the bill was to make legal, imposed Id. per acre for that year. Tho tax imposed by the bye-law of 1843, disallowed by the government, was only for 3d. But tho bill, instead of making tho smaller tox legal for 184;J, extended the tax for 1842 to the year 1843, which would thus have added 33J per cent, to the taxation of tho Company, which the District Council never had inipoiied or pretended to claim. The bill also assumes to render illegal bye-hiws retrospectively legal ; which would have tho effect not only of obliging tho Company to pay the taxes illegally imposed, but also to pay tho penalties for disobedience lo their byo-laws, at a time when they were confessedly illegal a course of legislation unprecedented as it ia unconstitutional and unjust. What would bo said of a customs law which nude an article contraband, and which subjected to forfeiture all of the suine article that had been imported for tbrou years before the law was passed. It has been alleged that the Company interfered with the government to procure tho disallowance of the bye-law for iSlA, This is untrue. For tho purpose of enlisting popular feeling against the Company, it has been said that the poor settler having been intimidated into paying bis taxes, the Company shouhl not have refused. Uut tho only waf the Company had to protect the \ Note. — This Memorandum and Ur. Dunlcp's Defence of tho Canaba Company had not, unfortunately, reached Montreal when tho debates tipoa Dr. Dunlcp's bill took phcc in the Lcgioiativc C'ourc:;, otherwise it is believed that thfl sentiments expressed by suuie honoiuable members would have been very diUbrcnt from what th^f arc reported to have been. / / lettler ogainst exorbitant taxation of land, was to resist tho illegal taxation for themsolTes, and to sot tho example tolthose who were too poor and loo ignorant of their legal righu to complain for themiolves. None are so much interested for the prosperity of the poor settler as the Canada Company, and none can be so much injured by the taxation in excess of tho settlers only ■ possession, land. And had the Company paid these taxes, illegally imposed by the Council, without question or complaint, they would have encouraged a recurrent of the illegal and unjust proceedings of the Council. Had the Company quietly paid the heavy taxes attempted to be imposed upon wild land under the semblance of the bye-laws in question, as they had been declared not merely informal but substantially illegal-the payment would have exposed the Company, and the setUers, to further demands for taxes, which they might not have been able to resist, namely, those chargeable under previous acU of the LegisUture ;-how far the Company could feel any confidence of being guaranteed against this double claim, the bill of the District Council now before Parliament, introduced by their Warden, sufficiently testifies. The settler would have been as much injured in proportion as the Company. As tho matter stands, should Dr. Dunlop's bill not b«3ome law, those who / have paid taxes illegally are enUtled to reimbursement, and this they can easily procure by demanding credit f«w thsM payoMBta in^ tho future collections of illegal taxes. It is to bo hoped that the Legislature will put some limit to the power of the District Councils to tax arbitrarily unproductive property. Under the provincial laws of Upper Canada, cultivated and productive land was taxed at five time, higher than wild landTfor it was assessed at five times the value; but when the Ux is imposed upon each acre, land which is not prorfucto*. land which cannot immediately be disposed of, and land which from its inferior quality may not be sold for half a century, are placed upon the same footing with cultivated and productive farms. This is not juatice,_but it is the kind of j.»tioe to be expected from those who, by throwing public burdens from themselves ap\n others who cannot resist, have the readiest means of escaping these burdens themselves. u ^ CiklfADA Compawt's Officb, Torohto, Vk February, 1845. , FI^DERICK WIDDER, Commissioner. ( DEE MofULMTTS certain extent, I iiaai^-nor eavy when they have of " a proper yc with an emphai MMe of duty c pleasant frame i persons in Kke < the prophet Bali righteous, and h might have rioti parson, have die fkfoared withal But human the world knov ■imply envy ; a We merelj thank God that and judgment, | own estimation, •nd easily irrita' TlieCanad ■n universal fav majesty that ei of getting for n them ; like the their wnth (Tc ■•■isted it, with London, and bs the rest of the secondly, becau wit ! and they i each of the pat to griTitate froi u to be fuHy s« when more easi King and tha < «o|ild eaoeed th lptigaii4«otfaia 7 But these I prosperous^ anc hy the result ( viUfied on all hi and distorted ; b«en brought a, le to'thow who r the proaperity le fsettlen only complaint, they the bye-Uw« in 1 the Company, largeable under M double claim, tier would have ' law, thoM who / MM paymenta in I ly unproductive ligher than wild produciivef land itury, are placed e expected from ' escaping these munoner. DEFENCE OF THE CANADA COMPANY, BY DR. DUNLOP, M. P. P. MoRALNm ABD CAIMIST8, in all tigw, hsve held that man ia anrtfncharitable and vindictive animal. Thia ia true to M certain extent, but not, by any moans, to the extent that these gentlainen would have us suppose. When neither respect—nor fitar— nor enry have a sway in hia mind, man is a forgiving animal, qs could well be desired. The knave is forgiven bis Crimea when they have safely conducted him to the gallows ; forgiven by ^— from the tender-hearted girl, who weeps the untimely fat« of " a proper young man," to the stern judge, who seasons t|i^unpaiatable condemnation of his perishable and worthless body with an emphatic prayer for the future welfare of his precis and immortal soul,-*from the kind-hearted prosecutor, whom a sense of duty compelled to bring him to justice, to the Bftwkish, maudlin parson, who records his exemplary penitence and the pleasant frame of mind he exhibited between his sentenc/and execution, for the cdiflcation— as the indictment hath it — « of all persons in Mke esse oflending," and who proves to t^e satisfaction of oil, whose hearts are not hardened by common sense, that the prophet Balaam was a much greater ass than t^at on which ho rode, when ho prayed that he " might die the death of the rigkieout, and his latter end be like unto his,"— seeisg that had he lived in these enlightened times, he must have known that ha might have rioted in sin and self-indulgence till wi(hin twenty-four hours of his death, and then, by the help of on evangeltcsi parson, have died a death of confidence and aesuraace in salvation more firm and sure than the majority of the righteous ever are Aivoared withal. 1 But human forgiveness, like all sublunary thinjfs, hath a limit, and whatever remission may be bestowed on crimes and folliei^ the world knows none for that greatest of oil sins in its decalogue — success. If prosperity comes by good fortune, it produeeM •imply envy ; and the arrow that wounded, carries it^ salve along with it. We merely remark that there is a special Providence which watches over and protects the interests of fools, and we humbly thank God that we ore not one of the Corporation who enjoy such on enviable privilege; but where prosperity arises from conduct •nd judgment, gall is added to bitt<>rness, for the very facf infers a superiority in the offending party, which, as it iowera us in oar own estimation, inflicts the deadliest wound on our sclf-'ove, which is, of all parts of our moral organization, the most sensitive •nd easily irritated. The Canada Company is a fair example of these moral truths. When it first commenced its operations in this colony, it wu an universal favourite with all, save those happy few who surrounded the proconsular throne, and basked in the reflected rays of majesty that emanated from it. These saw in a monied Company, who bought what they and their friends were in the habit of geUing for nothhig, a set of interlopers who, whether they did good to themselves or the colony or not, did nndoubted barm tp them ; like the silversmiths of Ephesus, they felt that « the craft was in danger"— and there bemg no Towu Clerk to moderate their wimth (Toronto not having then got its charter), it raged against the Company ond all tdat oided, abetted, comforted, and aesisted it, with unmitigated fury, and the eflfects of that fiery indignation was not confined to the province alone, but reached London, and had the most unpleasant eff&cts on the well being of some of the Company's highest officers in this county. For the rest of the province, they looked on the undertaking with the most benign aspect ; first, because it annoyed their betters, and secondly, because they considered it as the project of a parcel of Cockneys, to whom God had granted infinitely more money than wit ; and they saw that their operations, however long or short might be their continuance, would be the means of importing to ••eh of the patties what they, individually, were so eminently in want of,— as money, they rightly agreed, haa a natural tendency to gravitate from the pockets of those who do not know its value into those of snch as Providence has blessed with so much sense •a to be fuHy aware of its importance and utility ; and Wisdom, they knew, when bought at some cost was tlway^ more valnoble than wiwtt more easily acquired. Accordingly, the Company and its officers were in high favour ; their healtha followed those of the King and the Governor (and sometimes with more applause than either) at every public dinner in the province sod nothing eoold exceed the cordiality with which they were received, so long as it was the general opinion that (he colony had everything to IP^.udJiiotfaiog to kee by them. , But these halcyon days, like those of the golden age, hove gone by i it is supposed that the Company has been eminently prosperous, and those who would have pitied the fools and pocketed theif money, now feel that they have been grievously injured hy the result of the Company's proceedings belying their prediction's, and therefore it is naturally and necessarily abused and vilified on all hands. Of course, in this proceeding there is much tkbt is false represented as true^ and much that is true exaggerated •nd distorted ; it must therefore be our duty to enquire into wjnt this Corporation has done and how far the accusations that have been brought against it were just or unjust. / / 2 • \ *^ Thwe wcuiationi have come in forms io vtrioui, and from luch different and even oppoiite qusrler*, that it In difficult to claMify and arrange them ; but they have never come, in Parliament or out of Parliament, in newapaperi, in alangwhanelng Bp«eche% or In private commuiioatioBf in such t aKapo aa t« be tangible, and this givei the opponenU of the Company all the advantage that a party of ikirmiahiilg partigana would pomegs over a regular body of froopa in a rough country— they can neither ■ee from whence the attaoli proceeds, nor effectually return it— their only ehift, thorerorc, is to attack them wherever they are * grouped ao aa to draw tkem out, and compel them either to defend the ground they pretend to occupy, or at once and forever to abandon it. ^ We ahall, therefore, endoavour to aum up the varioua clmrges that have been made against the Company and iU sgents, and reply to them seriatim aa they."occur. They consist, as far as we can gather, of the following aesumptlons :— Ist.— That tho Company purchased theii lands at too cheap a rate. Snd— That the colony has r«oei«ed no »d»antage adaquala to th« advantagca accruing to the Company. . 3rd.— That individual! hove recilved no tdtquate advantugo. ^ 4tb.— 'That the Company is a monopoly. We shall now consider the first of these allegationa, vifc, that the Company baa not paid to the Government a sufficient value for the land. When tho plan of the Company was announced in London, tho capitalists who intended to embark in it, being porftctly ignorant of Canadian affairs themselves, naturally consulted every person and every document that might throw light upon tho ■object. From people connected with Land Companies in tho SUto of New York and other parts of the United States, many of whom had purchased their lands upon tho most advant^eous terms, when the Government were straightened for money to pay (ho dobU and obligaUona contracted during the revolujtionary war, they learned that no Land Company in tho States, liowever judioioualy or economicaUy conducteject, having settled many bad and doubtful debts, by taking land that they could not sell. Indeed, in the palmy days of Governoh^ Hunter and Gore, it was a favourite mode of paying a grocer's bill, in Montreal, for a person about the Government to get a granlof '""d and make it over to the Montreal merchant, who gave them credit at the rale ofo York shilling per acre. Most of thesh offered to give up all the lands they had to Ithe Company, at the price fixed by the Commissioners; and one of the most eo.inUt merchants Lower Canada over produced, declared that he would not give a web of Russia sheeting for the best lOC^ acres in Iteper Canada, for he could double the one five times over while the other lay consuming tho intnrest of money. And though this i^ certainly hyperbolical, yet time has shown that it savoured much of tho natural shrewdness and aagacity of tho man; for though (he has been dead for upwards of twenty years, yet four-fifths of his lands remain unsold to this hour. New, though the web of Biissia sheeting only cost one pound, if ho could double it once a year, the curious in geometrical profression must be awaro th^l in 25 years it would amount to a sum that would purchase the fee eimple of aU the land in Upper Canada. j Tho mode in which the price to bo chorged for the lands purchased by' the Canada Company was determined, was as fair as could under any circumstances be devised. Two Commissioners were chosen by the Crown, two by the Company, and a fifth to acta* umpire between them, was appointed by Government. Those met at Toronto, during tho sitting of the Legislature,— examined witnesses of every description, omong whom were the members of both houses, and every other person whom either the Executive of the Province or the favourers of the Company chose to present ; besides all who chose to come voluntarily forward to give their evidence. This evidence was taken at the time and July engrossed, and upon this was the report of the Commissioners predicated. The evidence and the report having necessarily been deliverd into tho Colonial Office, have become State papers, and are liable to be called for in the proper quarter, and their rtasonings and findings disccussed and animadverted on before a competont tribunal. But one point was still difficult to be determined. It was impossible, from that evidence, to sinko an average* and at lar t it was determined to strike a mean. \This was obviously to the uisadvanlngo of tho Company, for aU tho best lands and the most saleable were left out of the mean, inJso far as tho Company could profit by them ; for they had been given away, leased, or promised, long before. But as nothing better could b^; done, a mean price was struck at 3s. 6d. per acre. The Government party were exceedingly wroth at this decision, and they determined to mend it ; wherefore a Circular was sent to tho Maciatratcs in Quarter Session assembled. These, going over the same ground for their own particular Districts as the Commis- Bioiiers had done at Toronto for the whole Province, found that the value of lands in their several Districts had been overrated, and Lde returns which showed the mean value of the Province then to have been 33. 4id. per acre, or IJd. less than the Commissioners at York had made it. Now, when we find that eight or ten different bodies of men, acting without concert and at a great distance from each other como to a conclusion so nearly alike, it must show that either they are very nearly correct, or thot, if they have erred, that there is an unaccountable coincidence in the sources of their error. Very soon after UiO establishment of the Company, the whole nolicv of Government in granting so large a portion of their lands to a Corporation came under iho consideration of the House of Commons. In the debate, Mr. Hume stated bis opinion, that to do justice both to tho Goverwuent and tho purchasers, it ought not to have been sold without competition to a great monied Company, but exposed to sale by auction, and in such parcels aa might suit the public This has since been done. The <*sentee tax has caused much of the land held by persons wl.a had procured it iVom Government to come into the market, in lote generally not exceeding 200 acres, and these were sold at various times, affter beine advertised for at least twelvemonths. The averoge or mean (for in this case they were nearly the same) wm about 6d. per acre or l-7th what the Commissioners valued them at several years before ; and wo can point out one instance among many, where inoo acres of the most valuable land in the Western District were sold at Sheriff's sale for £57, or about 41d. per acre. We M-P now told that not only had the Canada Company made a most exorbitantly advantageous bargain, bnt that every body in Canada «w that they had done .o. How came it, then, th.t r.st of JO.QOO shares of the «tock of the Company, only 25 were taken np by . resident of Upper Canada ? Why was it that two yeare aftoiN^urdb, wlien £ 1 3 1 Os. was paid on each share-though they were actually sold for £1 and £1 lOs,, and shares were in some instancM given away by the holders rather than pay the mstalment rf actually lOs, a share— why was it that the people of Canado, knowing the advanlageous bargain tho Company had made, did not roih forward / wtrd to pMliciiMte in th. ■poll ; uid why, during th« loac p«riod that the stock of th« Comptny wut^low ptr, did thoM »ho wer« M woll aw.r. of the anormou. proflla to b. r«.li>«l dacline to p.rtioip«t. in them 1 Th.y h«l in infinitely more pfomieing nftlr of their own ; the Wellend Ctntl wa« their then El Doredo ; and when en in»eetment of oeplUl wee propoeed to one of the meet •nterpriiing men of bueinew that hte eter eppeered in the Province in the depreciated itocli of the Oomptny, hie nniwer we^-l enter into epecultUone only where there if et lewt i probeble chence of gein, not whore there ie • eerttinty of loea. We have .aid. that from the very beginning of the underUliing, out of 10,000 ebaree oniy 45 have ever been held by an inha. biUnt of Upper Canada, and that email portion wee abandoned touily and without any coneideration, rather than pay the third . initalment. Nay, .o little did the good people of the Province know of the matter, that the Compwiy'. offlcera were Uunted at Toronto with thoir being taken in when they abandoned their portion of the Clergy Reeervea for the Huron Tract, and tlwy *«• aeaured from unquestionable authority, that what portion of it wae not an impracticable ewamp wa. rock and .and , and one of the largeit landholder, in the Province, and one who live, and hold, land within the breadth of a townehip of the conBnea of the Huron Tract, Mid, tliat from what he had heard from men who had traver^ni m he would not give 100 acree of hi. townehip (and God hno^vs there i. bettor land in the Colony) for the bo.t thou«ind acre, in the Huron Tract. When, then, the Company puMhaaed their land. .0 entirely at haphazard, what right ha. any one to complain of the goodne.. of the bargain ? Suppose (he land had turned out a. they .aid it would, would they have been willing to have rele««>d the Compwiy from it. part of the bargain, and refunded the money paid for the land or expended in it. improvement 1 Bot in every ce where the Company', purchaee i. e.timated, it murt not be by what .'. the value of the land in 1830, but wlutt it i«u in 1884 ; more p«Ucularly when it i. remembered that the inoreaae of value ha. been cauwd by the enormou. increa*. of immigration, which the exertion, of the Company in bringing the Colony into notice in the Mother Country ha. produced. But, take the bargain a. it etanda, we defy any man who has any tTlng like a competent knowledge of the bueineM of the Province to aeaert that the Coiapiny. ha. any probability of reaUzing an eiorbitant profit. From March, l.M, till the Pre""** "JV. in various in.talment. the proprietor, have paid £45 Sterling per ah^ upon 9,000 .hare., amounting to £««,O0OBteriing, to which add 20 per cent, for diflference of currency and exchange, jp/the total amount mibwnbed will give £171,000 Halifax Cur- rency J of all which enormous sum (exclusive of the home exj> wouU no have mor'o than paid the current expense, of tTcompany at home and abroad , ^ hjjd '"^rm I ^he in^L^ rf ratio it then was, the Company ere this must hav«.unk nearly half a million, to be recover*! a. best it might. The ncraase of emieration which wa. caused by exertions of the jompany has lessened this expenditure, but by no means supplied it en irely, soe- fnXthelastc.llof£8persh.rew..p.idtaleJan»«yofth.pr^^^ The pay»«U o Government ««t continue unUl the year 1842, when a final adjustment must kko place. Allowing that £90,000 more will, with the money received for the ale of LdTcover this outlay, it will make a totaXp«.diture betw«,n the year. 1884 and 1848 of £.61.000. No*, suppo^ ««. .0 be repaid at the average rate of £25,000 per annum with interest, it will take fourteen and a halfyears to repay the whole ; that is, ^nder all these circumstances, iU pro> o/ rts Company »o»/rf commsnc* in ttc em* o/ «fc* y«.r 1856, or ^sr rt.rty-<«o year, /row iU commencement of the undertaking, and the profits would need to be something considerable to pay for the delay. Take in contrast with this, the only other raonied institution then or for a long time after in the Province, the Bank of Upper Canada the whole capital of which did not amount to so much by £20,000 as the two first instalments of the Canada Company paid in the months of March and April, 1884, the profit, of this concrn have averaged 12 per cent, per annum, which, without cdcula- i compound interest, would nearly quadruple the capital origin^ally invested, before the Canada Company ha. repa^ itself that wWch it had expended. Taking these and the circumstances of thet^ovince into consideration at the time the Canada Company commenced operations, we think it will hardly bo asserted that they have-made an enormously advantageous arrangement. The .econd subject of vituperation against the Company is, that the province has received no adequate advantage by their means We can only judge of this by comparing what they have done in settling their lands with what the province did of lUelf. Z/e'stlt oneof .lfeoltet.etLmenU in the province, and notwithstanding all the sUtuto labour, which if faithful^ expended, might have paved it ere this, all that private subscription and provincial aid ha, done for it it is not at this hour so good cxpenaeu, m.g y Company has constructed in the Huron Tract, between the years 1890 seeins that you have only to quit Toronto a mile on either side to find yourself in n wilderness,' where not only the road l. not turnpiked, but where the very tree, of the forest are not cut down to the statute width. The city of Toronto was commenced in 1702, and though the Seat of Government, of the CourU of Law, and having in .rtaition to nearly the whole revenue of the province, the expenditure of a large garrison, at the end of 24 years (in 1816) nntained 78 inhabited houses, that is to say-there were 78 human habitations-from the then only brick house to the log shanties occupied as temporary shelters by the Officers of the Army, who built them-belween the Don Bridge and the Garrison. The Canada Company, in eight years, have established two villages ; the one of which, though commenced 70 miles from the nearest available human habitation, now contains doable the number of houses and inhabitants that Toronto did in 1816 , and the other though 30 miles from water carriage, is equal, if not superior, in houses, churches, schools, stores, and every thing that can conduce to tho comforU and conveniencies of life to what Toronto was in 1827, when the other was founded. When the Canada Company was oslab!i»hed. there was not 9- harbour in the province whieh owed anything to art, the one wharf of Toronto alone excepted. In three months, during last autumn, a pier was constructed by the Canada Company, at Goderich, at a greater expense than would be required for ail the wharfs of Toronto combined. «■„ JTr '' V *!!;*"'' *^^f *" "■• '""^ "'' •'»'«'•"'"' '" eont.quMc. of the exertion, of (he C.Ma. Company .t home. STo c'2,1 C «^; h . '"''."'•*•»" '•^ "■• '-"'^ "" "" known .o the l.l«,u,i„g cl,..^ ,„ the in.oHor of E^^J rrLk^^dom.Zlh' """^7. •" y^"'"*" -"> "3*. h.d publi.hed> every city, market town, vlll.«e..ndh.mlet?f the ^^T SSZrlTf .'h " K '""Pf °f '"J^"""'"">". pro«pectu..n«p„ „„d pamphlet.. re.peotj»g the c.p.bUitie. of th. ^rb:„oJ^ !„,;.! r*?" former emigration con.i.ted .Imoat exclaeively of Scotch. the«, thoogMhclrnumber. Jon. tL. ^r K • T '?* ' ""'" '■'^'"'"" •*" "' »'•• •""'«"»'• •" ♦"••« ""•'t'y- But it i. not the working claJI •Ion. that the Company ha,. bMo in.tnimont.1 in bringing to thi. country ; men of caoiial— nd what wa. oven of^^ «^r.rerye\^::'r,;:'.wT'r •:" 'r'-rr--' •"•" '"''^^'•' *» •'"'««'« ' -"• t^-^^ 'henivi^r « « r.^a!^lkl V^ , .^ ' ^" "" '""•"'="' """""f "pi"' «hu. introduced i. every where acknowledged. L«,d. imoLlnt K •«^'«'""««' P"H««ce, not eaaily brought from a diatance, have riaen from 5o to 80 per cent, in TalueTTnd w. .t«. r.! ^r '"^"'"'"V''^'^" ''""'P^y "•'• "<'»'•«"««« o" 'heir individual aettler. can be very .hortly dlaeuaeed, wh.» S in ccm w a .tn o °; '""'•,'"•'•"*::''» «/ """' -"«' • "f-t" -•»''•' or y«r. , we could mention an in.t.n« wherj rre^enn the uron Tract t ^ .T*!! u'" 'T' ''"" '" ""■ ""•"*""" "' ""' P'^P^'^'V' "'" " '"ia wa. counted extraordl- nary even In the Huron Tract, it mutt be held aa tbo exception and not aa the rule. , 4th. The laat chartre we ahall notice againat the Company I,, that it ii a monopoly. Th's accusation can only have arJMtn from the ml.«ra lo ,gnor.nce of the Engh.h language whlah exiat. in all cl.aae. of th'e Colony, ml p" ," l.Ty n i^a lell^oT "thetreStt7.^iet. ht^^ m the Mile of lottery ticket. ; but where two or more exiat who have th^ power of aelling a commodity, it ceaae. to be a monopoly • and were we g.von o .he Uerary felony of coining or counterfeiting thoi^ng'. Englishfwe should deLgnateauch a t te oJZg; . M .duopoly or a pollyopoly Now. precisely i^ thia altua.lon doea the Canada Company stand with re/ard to land. The c£r of tho«,, have land, for sale , .o that we might aa well talk of a monopoly of^^ocerica aa of land, in Canada, seeing that there aJ^ more peraona and companies who dispose of the latter than the former. ' oomg in« mere are -To conclude . w. think that we have made oot onr eaw, by proving that 4» C?anada Company ha., to my the m^^' md. a fijir b«g.m for the.rland. ; that their operations have been highly b^.flci.l to the pVovince, as weM a. to alJt .2 Individul u. .t ; and l«tly, that, under no con.tnictioa of th. English kngtu^, can it be with propriety de.igna.ed a mS^J^ / WILLIAM DUNLOP. ■^• Gaiumid, 31(( March, 1836. ,.v^^ .Ml. » . ;v.»»*«-.«*V,,,': 4iiMSltf^